{"schemaVersion":"1.0","name":"MoneyInJapan Library","description":"A bilingual, source-backed personal-finance knowledge base for residents of Japan.","generatedAt":"2026-09-16T09:25:41.393Z","locales":["en","ja"],"stats":{"clusters":10,"articles":608,"faqs":341,"products":259,"glossary":106,"sources":1467},"license":"Educational content. Not financial, tax, or legal advice. Verify with official sources.","clusters":[{"slug":"banking","order":1,"icon":"🏦","aliases":["providers"],"title":{"en":"Banking","ja":"銀行"},"tagline":{"en":"Open the right account, understand fees, and fix common problems.","ja":"自分に合う口座を開き、手数料を理解し、よくある問題を解決する。"},"overview":{"en":["A Japanese bank account is the anchor of daily money life: salary deposits, rent and utility auto-payments (口座振替), and the account you link to cards, brokerages, and remittance apps. Most residents can open an account once they have a residence card and, often, a My Number and a Japanese phone number and address.","Legacy megabanks (MUFG, SMBC, Mizuho) offer branches and broad recognition, while online banks (Rakuten Bank, Sony Bank, SBI) usually offer better apps, lower fees, and stronger integration with points and investing. A few banks — notably SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA and Sony Bank — are known for English support and foreign-currency features.","The practical questions are almost always the same: which documents you need, whether the app and support work in English, what ATM and transfer fees apply, and how to handle name formatting (katakana), address changes, and residence-card updates. Those are the things this section helps you research before you apply."],"ja":["日本の銀行口座は日々のお金の中心です。給与の受け取り、家賃や公共料金の口座振替、そしてカード・証券・送金アプリと連携する口座になります。多くの場合、在留カードがあれば口座を開けます（マイナンバーや日本の電話番号・住所を求められることもあります）。","従来のメガバンク（三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほ）は店舗網と知名度が強みです。一方でネット銀行（楽天銀行・ソニー銀行・住信SBI）はアプリ・手数料・ポイントや投資との連携で優れることが多いです。SMBC信託銀行プレスティアやソニー銀行は英語対応や外貨機能で知られています。","実務的な疑問はほぼ共通です。必要書類は何か、アプリとサポートは英語で使えるか、ATM・振込手数料はいくらか、氏名（カタカナ）表記・住所変更・在留カード更新はどう扱うか。このセクションは、申し込む前にそうした点を調べるお手伝いをします。"]},"keyPoints":{"en":["A residence card is the core ID; some banks also ask for My Number, a Japanese phone number, and a few months of residency.","Online banks usually beat megabanks on fees and app quality; megabanks help when you need branches or corporate dealings.","For English support and foreign currency, SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA and Sony Bank are the names people research first.","ATM and transfer fees vary widely; many online banks waive a set number of fees per month based on your account tier.","Your bank name is usually registered in katakana — keep it consistent across cards, utilities, and your employer.","Update your registered address and residence status when they change to avoid a frozen or restricted account."],"ja":["中心となる本人確認書類は在留カードです。マイナンバー・日本の電話番号・一定期間の在留を求める銀行もあります。","手数料とアプリの使いやすさはネット銀行が有利なことが多く、店舗や法人取引が必要ならメガバンクが役立ちます。","英語対応・外貨なら、まず調べたいのはSMBC信託銀行プレスティアとソニー銀行です。","ATM・振込手数料は差が大きく、多くのネット銀行は口座ランクに応じて月数回まで無料にします。","口座名義は通常カタカナで登録します。カード・公共料金・勤務先で表記を統一しましょう。","住所や在留資格が変わったら登録情報を更新し、口座の凍結・制限を避けましょう。"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never share one-time passwords or app approval codes; banks will not ask for them by phone or email."],"ja":["ワンタイムパスワードやアプリの承認コードを他人に伝えないでください。銀行が電話やメールで尋ねることはありません。"]},"articles":["opening-a-bank-account-in-japan","best-banks-for-foreigners-japan"],"faqs":["bank-documents","bank-english","bank-online-vs-mega","bank-frozen","bank-no-job"],"products":["sony-bank","smbc-prestia","rakuten-bank","shinsei-bank","japan-post-bank"],"sources":["boj-payments","jftc-guarantee","immi-residence"]},{"slug":"credit-cards","order":2,"icon":"💳","title":{"en":"Credit cards","ja":"クレジットカード"},"tagline":{"en":"Get approved, avoid revolving-debt traps, and earn points that fit your life.","ja":"審査に通り、リボ払いの罠を避け、生活に合うポイントを貯める。"},"overview":{"en":["A credit card in Japan is useful for online shopping, recurring bills, travel, and building a domestic payment history. Approval depends on stable income and residency more than on a foreign credit score, which does not transfer. Many residents start with an issuer tied to a shopping ecosystem — for example Rakuten Card or Epos — because approval is often accessible and points are easy to use.","The biggest trap is リボ払い (revolving payment), which spreads balances over time at high effective interest and is sometimes enabled by default or nudged during sign-up. Choosing 一括払い (pay-in-full) each month avoids interest entirely. Annual fees, point ecosystems, and English support are the other decisions worth researching.","If you are rejected, it is usually about employment length, income documentation, or too many recent applications — not nationality. Waiting, applying to a more accessible issuer, or building history with one card first are common next steps."],"ja":["日本のクレジットカードは、ネット通販・継続課金・旅行・国内の支払い履歴づくりに役立ちます。審査は主に安定した収入と在留状況で判断され、海外のクレジットスコアは引き継がれません。多くの人は、審査が通りやすくポイントも使いやすい楽天カードやエポスカードなど、買い物の経済圏に紐づくカードから始めます。","最大の罠は「リボ払い」です。残高を長期に分割し、実質高金利がかかります。初期設定でオンになっていたり、申込時に勧められることもあります。毎月「一括払い」を選べば利息はかかりません。年会費・ポイント経済圏・英語対応も検討する価値があります。","審査に落ちる場合、多くは勤続年数・収入証明・短期間の申し込みが多すぎることが理由で、国籍ではありません。時間を置く、通りやすい発行会社に申し込む、まず1枚で履歴を作る、などが次の一手です。"]},"keyPoints":{"en":["Foreign credit scores do not transfer; Japanese approval looks at income stability and residency.","Pay 一括払い (in full) to avoid interest; treat リボ払い (revolving) as something to switch off, not a feature.","Ecosystem cards (Rakuten, Epos, and similar) are common first cards for accessible approval and easy points.","Match the point ecosystem to where you actually spend — one strong ecosystem usually beats several weak ones.","Annual-fee cards can pay off through travel insurance, lounge access, or higher rewards — only if you use the benefits.","A rejection is usually about employment length or too many recent applications, not nationality."],"ja":["海外のクレジットスコアは引き継がれません。日本の審査は収入の安定と在留状況を見ます。","利息を避けるには「一括払い」。「リボ払い」は機能ではなく、オフにすべきものと考えましょう。","経済圏カード（楽天・エポスなど）は、審査の通りやすさとポイントの使いやすさから最初の1枚に選ばれがちです。","ポイント経済圏は実際の支出先に合わせましょう。弱い経済圏を複数持つより、強い1つが有利です。","年会費ありのカードは、旅行保険・ラウンジ・高還元で元を取れることも。特典を使う場合に限ります。","審査落ちの多くは勤続年数や短期間の申込過多が理由で、国籍ではありません。"]},"warnings":{"en":["リボ払い (revolving) and repeated cash advances carry high effective interest; read the payment setting before you sign up."],"ja":["リボ払いやキャッシングの繰り返しは実質金利が高くなります。申し込み前に支払い設定を必ず確認してください。"]},"articles":["getting-a-credit-card-in-japan","avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai"],"faqs":["card-foreigner-approval","card-rejected","card-riborai","card-first-card","card-annual-fee"],"products":["rakuten-card","epos-card","amex-jp"],"sources":["cic-credit","jicc-credit"]},{"slug":"investing","order":3,"icon":"📈","aliases":["nisa","ideco","brokerages"],"title":{"en":"NISA & investing","ja":"NISA・投資"},"tagline":{"en":"Understand NISA and iDeCo, pick a brokerage, and learn risk before you buy.","ja":"NISAとiDeCoを理解し、証券会社を選び、買う前にリスクを学ぶ。"},"overview":{"en":["For most residents, tax-advantaged accounts come first. NISA is a tax-free investment account: since the 2024 renewal it has an annual limit of ¥3.6M (¥1.2M tsumitate + ¥2.4M growth), a ¥18M lifetime limit, and no time limit on the tax exemption. iDeCo is a private defined-contribution pension: contributions reduce taxable income now, but the money is locked until age 60.","You open these at a securities company (brokerage). Rakuten Securities and SBI Securities dominate for low-cost index funds, English-adjacent resources, and point integration; Monex is another common choice. Inside the account, most beginners research broad, low-fee index funds (for example all-country or S&P 500 trackers) rather than individual stocks.","Two cross-border cautions matter. US citizens and green-card holders face PFIC reporting problems with Japanese funds and should get specialist advice. And NISA is a residents’ benefit — leaving Japan generally means you must close or stop contributing, so plan the exit before you build a large balance."],"ja":["多くの人は、まず税制優遇口座から始めます。NISAは運用益が非課税になる口座で、2024年の新制度から年間360万円（つみたて120万円＋成長投資240万円）、生涯1,800万円、非課税期間は無期限です。iDeCoは私的な確定拠出年金で、掛金は今の課税所得を減らせますが、原則60歳まで引き出せません。","これらは証券会社で開設します。低コストのインデックス投信・情報・ポイント連携では楽天証券とSBI証券が主流で、マネックス証券もよく選ばれます。口座内では、初心者は個別株よりも、幅広く低コストなインデックス投信（全世界株式やS&P500など）を調べることが多いです。","クロスボーダーの注意点が2つ。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は日本の投資信託でPFIC報告の問題があり、専門家の助言が必要です。またNISAは居住者向けの制度で、出国時は原則として口座の停止・閉鎖が必要です。残高が大きくなる前に出国計画を立てましょう。"]},"keyPoints":{"en":["New NISA (2024): ¥3.6M/year total, ¥18M lifetime, tax-free gains with no expiry — usually the first account to fund.","iDeCo cuts your taxable income now but locks funds until 60; contribution limits depend on your pension category.","Rakuten Securities and SBI Securities are the default low-cost brokerages; Monex is a common alternative.","Most beginners research broad index funds (all-country / S&P 500) over individual stock picking.","US persons: Japanese mutual funds can be PFICs with heavy US reporting — get cross-border tax advice first.","NISA is for residents — plan what happens to the account before you leave Japan."],"ja":["新NISA（2024〜）：年360万円・生涯1,800万円、運用益は非課税で期限なし。最初に使う口座になりがちです。","iDeCoは今の課税所得を減らせますが、原則60歳まで引き出せません。掛金上限は年金の区分で変わります。","低コストの標準的な証券会社は楽天証券とSBI証券。マネックス証券もよく使われます。","初心者の多くは個別株より、幅広いインデックス投信（全世界株式・S&P500）を調べます。","米国関係者：日本の投資信託はPFICに該当し、米国の報告負担が重い場合があります。先にクロスボーダー税務の助言を。","NISAは居住者向け。日本を離れる前に口座の扱いを計画しましょう。"]},"warnings":{"en":["This is education, not a recommendation to buy any security. Returns are not guaranteed and you can lose money.","US citizens and green-card holders should get specialist advice before opening NISA or buying Japanese funds."],"ja":["これは教育情報であり、特定銘柄の購入推奨ではありません。リターンは保証されず、損失の可能性があります。","米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は、NISA開設や日本の投信購入の前に専門家の助言を受けてください。"]},"articles":["what-is-nisa","nisa-vs-ideco","choosing-a-brokerage-japan","how-to-start-investing-japan","saving-vs-investing","investment-risk-explained","diversification-asset-allocation","compound-growth","lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing","active-vs-passive-investing","currency-risk-yen","currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","investment-accounts-japan-compared","taxes-on-investments-japan","investing-as-foreign-resident","us-taxpayers-investing-japan","nisa-complete-guide","nisa-limits-and-allowances","nisa-eligible-investments","nisa-dividends","nisa-selling-and-reuse","nisa-old-vs-current","nisa-when-not-first","nisa-common-mistakes","brokerage-failure-protection","investor-deposit-protection","check-broker-license-and-scams","investment-products-japan","how-to-compare-funds","index-funds-vs-etfs","japan-vs-global-investing","investing-in-japanese-stocks","us-stocks-from-japan","high-dividend-investing","reits-japan","ideco-complete-guide","japanese-government-bonds","credit-card-investing","robo-advisors-japan","global-equity-funds","us-equity-funds","all-country-vs-sp500","japan-equity-funds","bond-funds","balanced-funds","esg-investing","target-date-funds","investing-for-beginners","small-monthly-budget-investing","investing-for-retirement","high-income-investing","global-investors-japan","advised-investing-japan","temporary-residents-investing","specified-vs-general-accounts","nisa-vs-taxable-account","capital-gains-and-losses","taxes-on-dividends","foreign-investment-income-tax","investment-records-and-statements","cash-deposits-vs-bonds","corporate-pensions-japan","how-stock-and-fund-orders-work","portfolio-rebalancing","portfolio-maintenance","opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","brokerage-name-matching","moving-abroad-with-investments","nisa-for-us-citizens","pfic-japanese-funds","fbar-form-8938","japan-funds-vs-us-etfs","best-brokerages-japan","brokerage-fees-compared","brokerage-account-requirements","online-vs-full-service-brokers","brokers-for-beginners","brokers-english-support","brokers-for-foreign-residents","points-investing","is-credit-card-investing-worth-it","brokers-for-nisa","brokers-for-mutual-funds","brokers-for-us-stocks","brokers-for-japanese-stocks","brokers-for-small-investments","brokers-for-active-traders","sbi-vs-rakuten","sbi-vs-monex","rakuten-vs-monex","ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers","online-vs-major-traditional-brokers","nisa-open-account","nisa-choose-broker","nisa-change-broker","recurring-investment-allowance","growth-investment-allowance","nisa-for-foreign-residents","nisa-for-dual-citizens","investing-in-japan-complete-guide","investing-methodology","investing-data-updates"],"faqs":["nisa-eligibility","nisa-leaving-japan","nisa-us-citizen","nisa-vs-ideco-q","invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","ideco-official","fsa-registry"]},{"slug":"tax","order":4,"icon":"🧾","title":{"en":"Tax","ja":"税金"},"tagline":{"en":"Residency, income tax, resident tax, deductions, and cross-border filing.","ja":"居住者区分・所得税・住民税・控除・クロスボーダー申告。"},"overview":{"en":["Japan taxes you based on your residency status: non-resident, non-permanent resident, or permanent resident for tax purposes (distinct from immigration status). This determines whether only Japan-source income or worldwide income is taxable. Most employees have income tax withheld and settled through year-end adjustment (年末調整), so they never file a return — but side income, two employers, large medical expenses, or investment income can require a tax return (確定申告).","Two taxes run in parallel: national income tax (progressive) and local resident tax (住民税, roughly 10%), which is billed the year after the income is earned. New arrivals often get a surprise resident-tax bill in their second year, and people leaving Japan can owe resident tax after they depart.","Popular tools reduce tax: Furusato Nozei (ふるさと納税) turns part of your resident tax into local-government gifts, and deductions exist for medical costs, dependents, insurance, and iDeCo. Filing is done through e-Tax or at the tax office in the Feb 16 – Mar 15 window. For crypto, foreign assets, or US/Japan overlap, professional advice is worthwhile."],"ja":["日本の課税は居住者区分（非居住者・非永住者・永住者、いずれも税務上の区分で在留資格とは別）に基づきます。これにより、日本源泉所得だけか全世界所得かが決まります。多くの会社員は源泉徴収と年末調整で完結し確定申告は不要ですが、副収入・2か所給与・多額の医療費・投資所得などがあると確定申告が必要になります。","税金は2本立てです。国の所得税（累進）と、地方の住民税（およそ10%）で、住民税は所得が発生した翌年に請求されます。来日者は2年目に住民税の請求で驚くことが多く、出国者は出国後に住民税が発生することもあります。","税を軽くする仕組みもあります。ふるさと納税は住民税の一部を自治体への寄付に置き換えられ、医療費・扶養・保険・iDeCoなどの控除もあります。申告はe-Taxまたは税務署で、原則2月16日〜3月15日です。暗号資産・国外財産・日米の重複がある場合は専門家の助言が有効です。"]},"keyPoints":{"en":["Your tax residency category (non-resident / non-permanent / permanent) decides what income Japan can tax.","Most employees are settled by year-end adjustment; side income or investment gains can trigger a 確定申告 return.","Resident tax (~10%) is billed the year after you earn — budget for a second-year bill and an exit bill.","Furusato Nozei lets you redirect part of your resident tax to local governments for gifts, minus a ¥2,000 cost.","Filing season is Feb 16 – Mar 15 via e-Tax or the tax office; deductions need documentation.","Crypto is taxed as miscellaneous income at your marginal rate, not the flat rate used for stocks."],"ja":["税務上の居住者区分（非居住者・非永住者・永住者）で、日本が課税できる所得の範囲が決まります。","多くの会社員は年末調整で完結しますが、副収入や投資益があると確定申告が必要になることがあります。","住民税（約10%）は稼いだ翌年に請求されます。2年目の請求と出国時の請求に備えましょう。","ふるさと納税は、住民税の一部を自治体への寄付に置き換えて返礼品を受け取れます（自己負担2,000円）。","申告期間は原則2月16日〜3月15日。e-Taxか税務署で行い、控除には書類が必要です。","暗号資産は雑所得として累進税率で課税され、株式のような分離課税ではありません。"]},"warnings":{"en":["Tax situations differ; this is general education. For cross-border, crypto, or business tax, consult a licensed 税理士 (tax accountant)."],"ja":["税務は個々に異なります。これは一般的な教育情報です。国際・暗号資産・事業の税務は税理士にご相談ください。"]},"articles":["how-taxes-work-in-japan","types-of-taxes-in-japan","the-10-types-of-income-in-japan","japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule","do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund","how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","japan-tax-return-deadlines","japan-tax-calendar","how-to-use-e-tax","documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","estimated-tax-payments-in-japan","how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan","mistake-on-your-tax-return","late-tax-returns-in-japan","japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes","understanding-japanese-tax-notices","japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","national-vs-municipal-tax-problems","employee-taxes-in-japan","how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","year-end-adjustment-guide","taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","taxes-after-leaving-a-job","taxes-on-employee-side-income","remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan","severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes","japan-basic-deduction","spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","dependent-deduction-in-japan","medical-expense-deduction","self-medication-tax-deduction","mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan","insurance-and-pension-premium-deductions","ideco-tax-deduction","small-business-mutual-aid-tax-deduction","furusato-nozei-explained","furusato-nozei-one-stop-vs-tax-return","freelancer-taxes-in-japan","individual-enterprise-tax","home-office-expenses","equipment-and-depreciation","paying-family-members-from-a-business","consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold","should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax","the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","consumption-tax-for-landlords-and-property-owners","investment-taxes-in-japan","taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses","how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance","taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages","pension-income-tax","retirement-income-tax","ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing","property-taxes-in-japan","rental-income-tax-for-landlords","deductible-rental-property-expenses","rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements","rental-property-depreciation","taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes","mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit","nonresident-landlord-taxes","taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","japan-tax-residency-explained","worldwide-vs-japan-source-income","foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","double-tax-treaties-explained","moving-to-japan-tax-checklist","leaving-japan-tax-checklist","tax-representative-guide","japan-exit-tax-guide","pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax","taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan","taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion","fbar-for-americans-in-japan","japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk","gift-tax-in-japan","inheritance-tax-in-japan","gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents","automobile-taxes-in-japan","stamp-tax-in-japan","international-tourist-tax-and-departure-charges","when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant","types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan"],"faqs":["tax-resident-status","tax-need-to-file","tax-resident-tax-timing","tax-furusato","tax-crypto","tax-200000-rule","tax-deduction-vs-credit","tax-medical-deduction","tax-yea-vs-return","tax-late-filing","tax-consumption-threshold","tax-invoice-register","tax-stock-losses","tax-us-citizen","tax-leaving-japan"],"products":["freee","money-forward-cloud"],"sources":["nta-individual","nta-etax","nta-furusato","nta-crypto","nta-income-tax-rate","nta-income-categories","nta-employment-deduction","nta-basic-deduction","nta-medical-deduction","nta-real-estate-income","nta-listed-shares","shinjuku-resident-tax","nta-consumption-tax","nta-invoice","nta-invoice-2wari","nta-year-end-adjustment","nta-penalties","nta-foreign-tax-credit","nta-nonresident","nta-exit-tax","nta-gift-tax","nta-inheritance-tax","irs-abroad","mof-us-japan-treaty","zeirishi-dot-com"]},{"slug":"freelancers","order":5,"icon":"🧑‍💻","aliases":["business"],"title":{"en":"Freelance & business","ja":"フリーランス・事業"},"tagline":{"en":"Sole-proprietor setup, blue returns, the invoice system, and bookkeeping.","ja":"個人事業の開業・青色申告・インボイス制度・帳簿づけ。"},"overview":{"en":["Going independent in Japan usually means registering as a sole proprietor (個人事業主) by filing a notification of business opening (開業届) with your tax office — free and mostly a formality. Filing the blue-return application (青色申告承認申請) at the same time unlocks a deduction of up to ¥650,000 and loss carry-forward, in exchange for proper double-entry bookkeeping.","Bookkeeping is where cloud software earns its keep. freee and Money Forward Cloud connect to your bank and cards, categorise transactions, and generate the blue-return forms and e-Tax data; Yayoi is a long-established alternative. Budget for taxes yourself: income tax, resident tax, national health insurance, and national pension all come from your own cash flow, so many freelancers reserve 20–35% of profit.","The Qualified Invoice System (インボイス制度, from October 2023) changed things for small businesses. If your clients need to claim consumption-tax credits, they may ask you to register for a T-number, which turns you into a taxable business for consumption tax. Whether to register is a real trade-off — this section helps you frame it before deciding."],"ja":["日本で独立すると、多くは税務署に開業届を出して個人事業主になります（無料でほぼ形式的な手続き）。同時に青色申告承認申請を出すと、最大65万円の控除や損失の繰越が使える一方、複式簿記による帳簿づけが必要になります。","帳簿づけはクラウド会計が力を発揮する場面です。freeeやマネーフォワード クラウドは銀行・カードと連携して取引を自動仕訳し、青色申告書類やe-Taxデータを作成します。弥生は老舗の選択肢です。税金は自分で備えます。所得税・住民税・国民健康保険・国民年金はすべて自分のキャッシュフローから支払うため、多くの人は利益の20〜35%を積み立てます。","インボイス制度（2023年10月〜）は小規模事業者に影響します。取引先が消費税の仕入税額控除を受けたい場合、登録番号（Tから始まる番号）の取得を求められることがあり、登録すると消費税の課税事業者になります。登録するかどうかは実際にトレードオフがあります。このセクションは、決める前に論点を整理します。"]},"keyPoints":{"en":["Register as a sole proprietor with a 開業届; file the 青色申告 application at the same time to unlock the deduction.","The blue return can deduct up to ¥650,000 but requires double-entry bookkeeping and e-filing.","freee and Money Forward Cloud automate bookkeeping and blue-return forms; Yayoi is the veteran alternative.","You pay your own income tax, resident tax, pension, and health insurance — many reserve 20–35% of profit.","The invoice system (T-number) affects whether clients can claim consumption-tax credits on your invoices.","Registering for the invoice system makes you a consumption-tax payer — weigh it against your client base."],"ja":["開業届で個人事業主になり、同時に青色申告承認申請を出すと控除が使えます。","青色申告は最大65万円の控除が可能ですが、複式簿記と電子申告が必要です。","freeeとマネーフォワード クラウドは帳簿と青色申告書類を自動化。弥生は老舗の選択肢です。","所得税・住民税・年金・健康保険は自分で支払います。多くの人は利益の20〜35%を積み立てます。","インボイス制度（登録番号）は、取引先があなたの請求書で仕入税額控除を受けられるかに影響します。","インボイス登録は消費税の課税事業者になることを意味します。取引先の状況と照らして判断しましょう。"]},"warnings":{"en":["Deadlines and the invoice-system rules matter; a 税理士 (tax accountant) is worthwhile once revenue or clients grow."],"ja":["期限やインボイスの規定は重要です。売上や取引先が増えたら税理士への相談が有効です。"]},"articles":["becoming-a-sole-proprietor","freelancer-income-tax-japan","blue-vs-white-return-japan","consumption-tax-freelancers-japan","invoice-system-explained","business-expenses-deductions-japan","pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan","self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","side-business-tax-japan","getting-paid-invoicing-japan","choosing-accounting-software-japan","sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","types-of-company-japan","hiring-family-outsourcing-japan","subsidies-grants-small-business-japan","business-visa-japan"],"faqs":["freelance-open","freelance-what-taxes","freelance-blue-return","freelance-consumption-tax-when","freelance-invoice","freelance-reserve","freelance-withholding","freelance-which-software","freelance-health-insurance","freelance-retirement-toolkit","freelance-side-business","freelance-incorporate-when","freelance-kk-vs-gk","freelance-family-salary","freelance-subsidies","freelance-visa"],"products":["freee","money-forward-cloud","yayoi","makeleaps","misoca","board","freenance","freee-kaisha-setup","mf-kaisha-setup","zeirishi-dot-com","square-japan","stripe-japan","gmo-aozora-business","wise-business"],"sources":["nta-blue","nta-invoice","nta-individual","nta-consumption-tax","nta-business-expenses","moj-commercial-registration","smrj-kyosai","nenkin-kokumin"]},{"slug":"insurance","order":6,"icon":"🛡️","title":{"en":"Insurance","ja":"保険"},"tagline":{"en":"What public insurance already covers, and when private cover is worth it.","ja":"公的保険でカバーされる範囲と、民間保険が必要な場面。"},"overview":{"en":["Japan’s public system is unusually strong, and understanding it prevents over-buying. Everyone enrolls in health insurance (employees’ 健康保険 or National Health Insurance), which caps most medical bills at around 30% — and the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit (高額療養費) further caps your monthly out-of-pocket based on income. Public pension also provides disability and survivor benefits, not just retirement.","Because public cover is broad, a lot of heavily marketed private insurance is optional. The honest questions are: what gap remains after public cover, how large is the loss you cannot self-fund, and does the premium justify it? Term life insurance for dependents, and liability cover (often bundled cheaply, including bicycle liability now mandatory in many prefectures) tend to be the clearest wins.","Product categories worth understanding include medical, cancer, life (term vs whole), income protection, fire and earthquake (earthquake is a separate rider on fire policies), auto, and travel. Every honest article here should also cover exclusions, disadvantages, alternatives, and the cases where extra insurance is simply not necessary."],"ja":["日本の公的制度は非常に手厚く、これを理解すると保険の買いすぎを防げます。全員が健康保険（会社員の健康保険か国民健康保険）に加入し、多くの医療費の自己負担は約3割。さらに高額療養費制度が、所得に応じて月あたりの自己負担に上限を設けます。公的年金も老後だけでなく、障害・遺族の保障を含みます。","公的保障が広いため、大きく宣伝される民間保険の多くは任意です。正直に問うべきは、公的保障の後に残る不足は何か、自分で賄えない損失はどれほど大きいか、保険料に見合うか、です。扶養家族のための定期生命保険や、個人賠償責任保険（多くの県で自転車保険が義務化され、安く付帯できることが多い）は、比較的わかりやすく有効です。","理解しておきたい種類には、医療・がん・生命（定期と終身）・就業不能・火災と地震（地震は火災保険の特約）・自動車・旅行があります。ここでの誠実な記事は、免責・デメリット・代替手段・そして追加保険が不要な場合も必ず扱うべきです。"]},"keyPoints":{"en":["Public health insurance caps most bills near 30%; 高額療養費 caps your monthly out-of-pocket by income.","Public pension includes disability and survivor benefits — factor those in before buying private cover.","Buy insurance for losses you cannot self-fund (dependents, liability), not for small, budgetable costs.","Earthquake cover is a separate rider on fire insurance and is often capped at a share of the building value.","Personal liability cover is cheap and increasingly relevant — many prefectures mandate bicycle liability insurance.","Any honest comparison must state exclusions, alternatives, and when extra insurance is not needed."],"ja":["公的健康保険で多くの自己負担は約3割、高額療養費で月の自己負担に所得別の上限があります。","公的年金には障害・遺族保障も含まれます。民間保険の前に考慮しましょう。","保険は自分で賄えない損失（扶養家族・賠償）に。予算内で賄える小さな費用には不要です。","地震保険は火災保険の特約で、補償は建物評価額の一定割合に制限されることが多いです。","個人賠償責任保険は安く重要性も増しています。多くの県で自転車保険が義務化されています。","誠実な比較では、免責・代替手段・追加保険が不要な場合を必ず示すべきです。"]},"warnings":{"en":["Insurance needs are personal. Compare public cover first, and treat every product against the loss it truly protects."],"ja":["保険の必要性は人によって異なります。まず公的保障を確認し、実際に守る損失に照らして各商品を評価しましょう。"]},"articles":["how-insurance-works-japan","public-vs-private-insurance-japan","how-to-read-a-policy-japan","insurance-premiums-explained-japan","exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan","insurance-riders-explained-japan","underwriting-and-disclosure-japan","term-renewable-whole-life-basics-japan","cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan","how-insurance-claims-work-japan","how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan","over-and-under-insurance-japan","public-protection-map-japan","health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit","employees-vs-national-health-insurance-japan","employee-social-insurance-benefits","what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan","pension-disability-survivor-benefits","employment-insurance-and-workers-comp","long-term-care-insurance-japan","pension-for-foreign-residents-japan","leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","term-life-insurance-japan","whole-life-insurance-japan","medical-insurance-decision-japan","private-medical-insurance-japan","cancer-insurance-japan","critical-illness-insurance-japan","relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","income-protection-japan","savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan","auto-insurance-japan","car-insurance-coverage-builder-japan","bicycle-insurance-japan","personal-liability-insurance-japan","home-earthquake-insurance-japan","fire-insurance-japan","earthquake-insurance-japan","renter-insurance-japan","travel-insurance-japan","credit-card-travel-insurance-japan","pet-insurance-japan","device-insurance-japan","freelancer-insurance-japan","small-business-insurance-japan","duplicate-coverage-japan","term-vs-whole-life-japan","fire-vs-earthquake-japan","travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan","savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan","mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan","pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan","insurance-single-employee-20s-japan","insurance-family-with-children-japan","insurance-homeowners-japan","insurance-renters-japan","insurance-freelancers-japan","insurance-retirees-japan","insurance-foreign-residents-japan","insurance-pet-owners-japan","insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan","how-to-make-a-claim-japan","why-claims-are-denied-japan","insurance-complaints-adr-japan","annual-insurance-review-japan"],"faqs":["insurance-public-enough","insurance-high-cost","insurance-life-needed","insurance-earthquake","insurance-foreigner","insurance-copay-share","insurance-cancer-waiting","insurance-term-vs-whole","insurance-cali-enough","insurance-bicycle-mandatory","insurance-card-travel","insurance-pet-preexisting","insurance-cancel-timing","insurance-cooling-off","insurance-leave-japan"],"products":[],"sources":["mhlw-health-system","mhlw-high-cost","jps-benefits","mhlw-employment-insurance","mhlw-workers-comp","mof-earthquake-insurance","mlit-cali","caa-insurance","giaj","sonpo-adr","fsa-license-register","mhlw-ltci"]},{"slug":"loans","order":7,"icon":"🏠","aliases":["mortgages","property"],"title":{"en":"Loans, mortgages & property","ja":"ローン・住宅ローン・不動産"},"tagline":{"en":"Mortgage eligibility, fixed vs floating, closing costs, and rent-vs-buy.","ja":"住宅ローンの審査・固定と変動・諸費用・賃貸か購入か。"},"overview":{"en":["Home loans (住宅ローン) in Japan are relatively cheap by global standards, but eligibility is the hurdle for many foreign residents. Banks weigh stable employment, income, length of residence, and — critically — permanent residency. Without PR, some banks decline, others require a larger down payment or a guarantor; Flat 35 (via the Japan Housing Finance Agency) is a common route because it is more rules-based and does not always require PR.","The core choice is fixed vs floating (固定 vs 変動). Floating rates have been very low but can rise; fixed rates (including Flat 35) cost more now for certainty later. Beyond the rate, budget for closing costs (諸費用) of roughly 6–10% of the price — registration, agent fees, loan guarantee, taxes, and fire insurance — which are easy to underestimate.","Rent-vs-buy in Japan is not just financial. Many buildings, especially older wooden houses, depreciate rather than appreciate, and resale liquidity varies by location. This section frames eligibility, total cost, and the risks (interest-rate, resale, maintenance, and natural-disaster) rather than pushing you toward buying."],"ja":["日本の住宅ローンは世界的に見れば低金利ですが、多くの外国人居住者にとっては審査が壁です。銀行は安定した雇用・収入・在留期間、そして特に永住権を重視します。永住権がないと、断る銀行、頭金を多く求める銀行、保証人を求める銀行があります。フラット35（住宅金融支援機構）は基準が明確で永住権を必ずしも求めないため、よく使われる選択肢です。","中心となる選択は固定か変動かです。変動金利は非常に低い水準が続きましたが上昇し得ます。固定（フラット35を含む）は今のコストは高めでも将来の安心が得られます。金利以外に、物件価格のおよそ6〜10%の諸費用（登記・仲介手数料・ローン保証・税金・火災保険）も見込みましょう。見落としがちです。","日本の賃貸か購入かは、金銭面だけの話ではありません。特に古い木造住宅は値上がりより減価する物件が多く、売却のしやすさも立地で異なります。このセクションは購入をあおるのではなく、審査・総コスト・リスク（金利・売却・維持・自然災害）を整理します。"]},"keyPoints":{"en":["Permanent residency strongly affects mortgage approval; without it, expect stricter terms or a larger down payment.","Flat 35 (Japan Housing Finance Agency) is a common, rules-based fixed-rate route that does not always require PR.","Fixed vs floating is the core trade-off: certainty and higher cost now, versus lower cost and rate risk.","Budget 6–10% of the price for closing costs (諸費用) on top of the down payment.","Many Japanese properties depreciate; treat a home as shelter first and an investment second.","Check your credit records (CIC/JICC) before applying — recent delinquencies can block approval."],"ja":["永住権は住宅ローン審査に大きく影響します。ない場合は条件が厳しくなるか、頭金が多く必要になりがちです。","フラット35（住宅金融支援機構）は基準が明確な固定金利で、永住権を必ずしも求めない一般的な選択肢です。","固定か変動かが中心のトレードオフ。今の安心と高コストか、低コストと金利リスクか。","頭金に加えて、価格の6〜10%の諸費用を見込みましょう。","日本の多くの物件は減価します。住まいをまず居住、次に投資と考えましょう。","申込前に信用情報（CIC・JICC）を確認しましょう。最近の延滞は審査に響きます。"]},"warnings":{"en":["A mortgage is a large, long commitment. Model rate increases and resale risk before you buy; get independent advice."],"ja":["住宅ローンは大きく長期の約束です。金利上昇と売却リスクを試算し、独立した助言を受けてから購入しましょう。"]},"articles":["buying-property-japan","mortgages-japan","borrowing-guide","foreigners-buying-property","property-investment-japan","homeownership-japan","rent-vs-buy-japan-guide","property-buying-checklist","mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","rent-vs-buy-japan"],"faqs":["loan-mortgage-no-pr","loan-fixed-vs-floating","loan-closing-costs","loan-rent-vs-buy","loan-credit-record","loan-buy-foreigner","loan-cheapest-mortgage","loan-cash-beyond-price","loan-what-flat35","loan-variable-risky"],"products":["flat-35"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","mlit-land","cic-credit","boj-policy","mlit-real-estate-library"]},{"slug":"remittance","order":8,"icon":"💸","aliases":["international-money"],"title":{"en":"International money","ja":"海外送金"},"tagline":{"en":"Send money in and out, cut hidden FX markups, and handle cross-border income.","ja":"送金の受け取り・送金、隠れた為替マージンの削減、海外所得の扱い。"},"overview":{"en":["Moving money across borders is where fees hide. The visible transfer fee is often the smaller cost; the bigger one is the exchange-rate markup baked into the rate a provider gives you versus the mid-market rate. Traditional bank wires can also add SWIFT and intermediary-bank fees that are hard to see up front.","Specialist services usually beat banks for personal transfers. Wise shows the mid-market rate and a transparent fee, and Revolut offers multi-currency accounts with fee allowances. For larger or recurring transfers, comparing the all-in recipient amount — not the advertised fee — is the only reliable way to judge cost.","Cross-border also brings tax and reporting angles: overseas income can be taxable depending on your residency status, and Japan requires an Overseas Assets Report (国外財産調書) above a threshold. This section helps you compare true transfer cost and flag where cross-border tax advice is worth getting."],"ja":["国をまたぐ送金は手数料が隠れやすい場面です。表示される送金手数料はしばしば小さい方で、より大きいのは、提供される為替レートと仲値（ミッドマーケットレート）との差に含まれる為替マージンです。従来の銀行送金では、SWIFTや中継銀行の手数料が事前に見えにくい形で加わることもあります。","個人送金では専門サービスが銀行より有利なことが多いです。Wiseは仲値と明示的な手数料を表示し、Revolutは手数料枠つきのマルチカレンシー口座を提供します。大口や定期の送金では、宣伝される手数料ではなく、最終的に受け取る金額（総額）で比較するのが唯一確実な方法です。","クロスボーダーには税務・報告の論点もあります。海外所得は居住者区分により課税され得ますし、日本では一定額を超えると国外財産調書の提出が必要です。このセクションは、真の送金コストの比較と、クロスボーダー税務の助言が必要な場面の見極めを助けます。"]},"keyPoints":{"en":["The exchange-rate markup usually costs more than the visible transfer fee — compare against the mid-market rate.","Judge cost by the final recipient amount, not the advertised fee, especially for larger transfers.","Wise (mid-market rate) and Revolut (multi-currency) commonly beat bank wires for personal transfers.","Bank wires can add SWIFT and intermediary-bank charges that are not obvious up front.","Overseas income may be taxable in Japan depending on your residency status — check before assuming it is not.","Japan requires an Overseas Assets Report (国外財産調書) once foreign assets exceed the threshold."],"ja":["為替マージンは、見える送金手数料より高くつくことが多いです。仲値と比較しましょう。","コストは宣伝される手数料でなく、最終的な受取額で判断しましょう。特に大口で重要です。","個人送金では、Wise（仲値）やRevolut（マルチカレンシー）が銀行送金より有利なことが多いです。","銀行送金は、事前に見えにくいSWIFTや中継銀行の手数料が加わることがあります。","海外所得は居住者区分により日本で課税され得ます。非課税と決めつけず確認しましょう。","国外財産が基準額を超えると、日本では国外財産調書の提出が必要です。"]},"warnings":{"en":["Large or business transfers can trigger reporting and tax questions — confirm the rules before sending."],"ja":["大口や事業の送金は報告・税務の論点を伴うことがあります。送る前に規定を確認しましょう。"]},"articles":["cheapest-way-to-send-money","receiving-money-from-abroad"],"faqs":["remit-cheapest","remit-hidden-fees","remit-large-transfer","remit-overseas-income","remit-multicurrency"],"products":["wise","revolut"],"sources":["boj-payments","nta-individual"]},{"slug":"points","order":9,"icon":"🎁","title":{"en":"Points & rewards","ja":"ポイント・特典"},"tagline":{"en":"Pick one ecosystem, understand point value, and avoid chasing noise.","ja":"経済圏を1つ選び、ポイントの価値を理解し、無駄追いを避ける。"},"overview":{"en":["Japan runs on point ecosystems: Rakuten, PayPay, d POINT (docomo), V POINT (SMBC/Vpoint), and others tie together cards, e-money, shopping, and phone plans. The winning strategy is rarely to collect everything — it is to concentrate on the one ecosystem that matches where you already shop, pay phone bills, and bank.","Most points are worth about ¥1 each, but value depends on redemption. Points that expire, or that only redeem inside one store, are worth less than they look. The convenience-store and code-payment layer (PayPay, Rakuten Pay) is where casual spending accumulates fastest, while airline miles reward a different, travel-heavy pattern.","The honest framing: points are a modest, tax-free discount on spending you would do anyway — not a reason to spend more. This section compares ecosystems by lifestyle fit, explains expiry and valuation, and helps you avoid the trap of chasing campaigns that cost more attention than they return."],"ja":["日本はポイント経済圏で回っています。楽天、PayPay、dポイント（ドコモ）、Vポイント（SMBC）などが、カード・電子マネー・買い物・携帯プランを結びつけています。勝ち筋は「全部集める」ことではなく、すでに買い物・携帯・銀行で使っている経済圏の1つに集中することです。","多くのポイントは1ポイント約1円ですが、価値は使い道で変わります。期限切れになるポイントや、特定の店でしか使えないポイントは、見た目より価値が下がります。コンビニやコード決済（PayPay・楽天ペイ）は日常の支出が最も早く貯まる層で、マイルは旅行が多い別の生活パターンに向きます。","誠実な見方はこうです。ポイントは、どのみち行う支出に対するささやかで非課税の割引であって、余計に使う理由ではありません。このセクションは、生活スタイル別に経済圏を比較し、期限と価値評価を説明し、労力に見合わないキャンペーン追いの罠を避ける手助けをします。"]},"keyPoints":{"en":["Concentrate on one ecosystem that matches your bank, card, and phone — not several weak ones.","Most points ≈ ¥1, but expiry and store-only redemption quietly reduce real value.","PayPay and Rakuten Pay capture everyday convenience-store and small-merchant spending fastest.","Airline miles reward a travel-heavy pattern; they are not better for everyone.","Points are a discount on spending you would do anyway — never a reason to spend more.","Ignore campaigns whose effort and tracking cost more than the reward is worth."],"ja":["銀行・カード・携帯に合う1つの経済圏に集中しましょう。弱い経済圏を複数持たないこと。","多くのポイントは約1円ですが、期限や店舗限定の使い道で実質価値は下がります。","PayPayや楽天ペイは、コンビニや小規模店の日常支出が最も早く貯まります。","マイルは旅行が多い人向けで、誰にとっても有利とは限りません。","ポイントはどのみち行う支出の割引であり、余計に使う理由ではありません。","手間や管理コストが見返りを上回るキャンペーンは無視しましょう。"]},"warnings":{"en":["Rewards should never drive you to spend more or open products you do not need."],"ja":["特典のために余計に使ったり、不要な商品を作ったりしないようにしましょう。"]},"articles":["choosing-a-point-ecosystem","points-vs-cashback-guide","how-points-are-earned","point-value-expiry","redeem-points-guide","avoid-overspend-points","rakuten-points-guide","paypay-points-guide","d-point-club-guide","ponta-points-guide","v-points-guide","waon-point-guide","nanaco-points-guide","jre-point-guide","convenience-store-points","supermarket-points","electronics-store-points","fuel-points-automobile","restaurant-points-guide","ecommerce-points-programs","bank-brokerage-rewards","rakuten-card","smbc-numberless-card","paypay-card","d-card","au-pay-card","jcb-card-w","epos-card","view-card-standard","bic-camera-suica-card","aeon-card","saison-gold-amex","paypay-app-guide","rakuten-pay-guide","d-barai-guide","au-pay-guide","merpay-guide","apple-google-pay-guide","id-quicpay-guide","emoney-payment-guide","mobile-suica-guide","ana-mileage-club","jal-mileage-bank","ana-vs-jal","hotel-travel-rewards","points-deals-and-campaigns","redeem-points-for-travel","redeem-points-for-cash","redeem-points-for-hotels","redeem-points-for-investing","credit-card-perks-japan","airline-hotel-status-japan","maximize-points-japan","points-glossary","stacking-credit-qr-store","ecommerce-stacking","compare-point-ecosystems","best-programs-by-category","best-credit-cards-by-category","best-qr-payment-apps","points-cashback-calculator","annual-fee-calculator","mile-value-calculator","reward-stacking-checker","foreign-resident-rewards","train-commuter-rewards","convenience-shopper-rewards","family-rewards","domestic-traveler-rewards","rewards-glossary-sources-archive"],"faqs":["points-which-ecosystem","points-value","points-expiry","points-paypay-vs-rakuten","rewards-points-vs-cashback","rewards-no-expiry","rewards-limited-time","rewards-stacking","rewards-smbc-7-percent","rewards-id-vs-touch","rewards-no-fee-cards","rewards-beginner-program","rewards-foreign-join","rewards-foreign-first-card","rewards-ana-vs-jal","rewards-mile-value","rewards-paypay-points-step","rewards-furusato-points","rewards-suica-ride-rate","rewards-sources"],"products":["rakuten-card","epos-card"],"sources":["boj-payments","rakuten-point","paypay-points","dpoint-official","ponta-official","vpoint-official","nta-points-tax"]},{"slug":"crypto","order":10,"icon":"₿","aliases":["fx"],"title":{"en":"Crypto & FX","ja":"暗号資産・FX"},"tagline":{"en":"Registered exchanges, heavy crypto tax, custody, and leverage risk.","ja":"登録取引所・重い暗号資産税・保管・レバレッジのリスク。"},"overview":{"en":["Japan regulates crypto tightly. Only exchanges registered with the FSA and members of the JVCEA may legally serve residents — bitFlyer, bitbank, Coincheck and similar. Registration is the first thing to check; using an unregistered offshore exchange removes your legal protections and complicates tax.","Tax is the decisive factor for most people. Crypto gains are taxed as miscellaneous income (雑所得) at your marginal rate — potentially up to around 55% including resident tax — not the roughly 20% flat rate that applies to listed stocks and NISA. Every disposal, including crypto-to-crypto trades and spending crypto, is a taxable event, so recordkeeping tools matter.","FX (margin foreign-exchange trading) is separate and leverage-driven. Domestic retail FX leverage is capped (commonly 25x), and losses can exceed deposits. Both crypto and FX attract scams — guaranteed-return schemes, fake exchanges, and “recovery” fraud. This section stays educational: registration, tax, custody, records, and risk, with no price predictions or hype."],"ja":["日本は暗号資産を厳しく規制します。居住者に合法的にサービスを提供できるのは、金融庁に登録しJVCEAに加盟する取引所（bitFlyer、bitbank、Coincheckなど）だけです。まず確認すべきは登録の有無です。未登録の海外取引所の利用は、法的保護を失い、税務も複雑にします。","多くの人にとって決定的なのは税金です。暗号資産の利益は雑所得として累進税率で課税され、住民税を含めると最大約55%になり得ます。上場株式やNISAに適用される約20%の分離課税ではありません。暗号資産同士の交換や暗号資産での支払いを含め、あらゆる処分が課税対象になるため、記録ツールが重要です。","FX（証拠金取引）は別物で、レバレッジが中心です。国内個人向けFXのレバレッジは上限（一般に25倍）があり、損失が預託金を超えることもあります。暗号資産もFXも詐欺が多く、元本保証をうたう手口・偽の取引所・「回収」詐欺などがあります。このセクションは教育に徹し、登録・税金・保管・記録・リスクを扱い、価格予想や誇張は行いません。"]},"keyPoints":{"en":["Use only FSA-registered, JVCEA-member exchanges; unregistered offshore platforms remove your protections.","Crypto gains are miscellaneous income taxed at your marginal rate — potentially far above the ~20% stock rate.","Every disposal is taxable, including crypto-to-crypto and spending crypto — keep detailed records.","FX leverage for retail is capped (commonly 25x) and losses can exceed your deposit.","Guaranteed-return offers, fake exchanges, and “recovery” services are scams — no exceptions.","This is not investment advice and contains no price predictions."],"ja":["利用は金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟の取引所のみに。未登録の海外取引所は保護を失います。","暗号資産の利益は雑所得として累進課税。株式の約20%より大幅に高くなり得ます。","暗号資産同士の交換や支払いを含め、あらゆる処分が課税対象。記録を詳細に残しましょう。","個人向けFXのレバレッジは上限（一般に25倍）があり、損失が預託金を超えることもあります。","元本保証・偽の取引所・「回収」サービスは詐欺です。例外はありません。","これは投資助言ではなく、価格予想も含みません。"]},"warnings":{"en":["High tax and high volatility make crypto and FX unsuitable for money you cannot afford to lose. Beware scams."],"ja":["高い税率と高いボラティリティのため、暗号資産・FXは失っても困らないお金以外には不向きです。詐欺に注意。"]},"articles":["crypto-tax-in-japan","choosing-a-registered-exchange"],"faqs":["crypto-registered","crypto-tax","crypto-record","crypto-fx-leverage"],"products":["bitflyer","bitbank"],"sources":["jvcea","nta-crypto","fsa-registry"]}],"articles":[{"slug":"public-protection-map-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Japan’s public protection: start here","ja":"日本の公的保障：最初に確認すること"},"summary":{"en":"A map of health, pension, unemployment, work-injury, and employer-based protection.","ja":"健康・年金・雇用・労災・会社員向け保障の全体像。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Identify your public health plan, pension record, employment-insurance status, and workers’ compensation before pricing any private policy.","ja":"民間保険を比較する前に、健康保険・年金記録・雇用保険・労災保険の状況を確認します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Health insurance pays covered treatment; it does not replace all lost income.","Pension includes old-age, disability, and survivor protection.","Employment insurance covers qualifying unemployment and leave; workers’ compensation covers work or commuting injury.","Employees and self-employed people have different benefit gaps."],"ja":["健康保険は対象診療を給付しますが、収入減の全ては補いません。","公的年金には老齢・障害・遺族保障があります。","雇用保険は要件を満たす失業・休業、労災保険は業務・通勤災害を扱います。","会社員と自営業者では保障の不足が異なります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"systems","heading":{"en":"Which system does what","ja":"各制度の役割"},"body":{"en":["Health insurance, pension, employment insurance, and workers’ compensation are separate systems with separate claims. An employer’s health-insurance card does not prove every other enrollment. Check payslips, notices, Nenkin Net, and your insurer or municipality."],"ja":["健康保険・年金・雇用保険・労災保険は別制度で、請求先も異なります。会社の健康保険証だけで全制度への加入は確認できません。給与明細・通知・ねんきんネット・保険者や自治体で確認します。"]}},{"id":"order","heading":{"en":"A public-first review order","ja":"公的保障から確認する順序"},"body":{"en":["List the event, public payer, eligibility, expected benefit, claim deadline, and uncovered loss. Then add employer benefits and savings. Only the remaining loss is a candidate for private insurance."],"ja":["出来事、公的な支払元、資格、見込給付、請求期限、対象外の損失を一覧にします。次に勤務先給付と貯蓄を加え、残る損失だけを民間保険の検討対象にします。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mhlw-health-system","jps-benefits","mhlw-employment-insurance","mhlw-workers-comp"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["public-vs-private-insurance-japan","income-protection-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Contact each administrator if enrollment records conflict or a claim deadline may be near."],"ja":["加入記録が食い違う、または請求期限が近い場合は各運営機関へ相談してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Public health insurance and the high-cost benefit","ja":"公的医療保険と高額療養費制度"},"summary":{"en":"Covered care, cost sharing, monthly ceilings, exclusions, and where to confirm your amount.","ja":"保険診療・自己負担・月額上限・対象外費用・確認先。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Public insurance pays covered care and the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit limits eligible cost sharing within a calendar month; it does not cap every hospital-related expense.","ja":"公的医療保険は保険診療を給付し、高額療養費は暦月内の対象自己負担に上限を設けますが、入院関連費用の全てが上限対象ではありません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Employees usually use an employees’ health-insurance scheme; others generally use municipal National Health Insurance.","The standard working-age cost share is generally 30%, with age and income exceptions.","The ceiling is applied by calendar month and income/age category.","Meals, private rooms, uncovered treatment, and some advanced-treatment charges are outside the high-cost calculation."],"ja":["会社員等は通常被用者保険、それ以外は原則として市区町村の国民健康保険です。","現役世代の窓口負担は原則3割ですが、年齢・所得による例外があります。","上限は暦月単位で年齢・所得区分に応じます。","食事代・差額ベッド代・保険外診療・先進医療の一部費用等は高額療養費の計算対象外です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"covered","heading":{"en":"What is—and is not—covered","ja":"対象と対象外"},"body":{"en":["Do not translate “70% covered” into “all costs capped.” The benefit calculation concerns eligible insured cost sharing. Ask the hospital for an itemized estimate separating insured care from meals, private-room charges, and non-covered services."],"ja":["「7割給付」を「全費用に上限」と捉えないでください。高額療養費の計算は対象となる保険診療の自己負担です。病院には保険診療と食事・差額ベッド・保険外サービスを分けた見積りを依頼します。"]}},{"id":"claim","heading":{"en":"Before admission or after payment","ja":"入院前と支払後"},"body":{"en":["Online eligibility confirmation or a maximum-amount certificate may limit eligible payment at the counter. Otherwise, reimbursement can be claimed from your insurer. Household aggregation and repeated-high-cost rules may apply, but only under defined conditions. Confirm the current ceiling and procedure with the insurer named on your eligibility record."],"ja":["オンライン資格確認または限度額適用認定証により窓口での対象支払を上限までにできる場合があります。そうでなければ保険者へ払い戻しを申請します。世帯合算や多数回該当には所定の条件があります。現在の上限と手続は資格情報に記載の保険者へ確認してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mhlw-health-system","mhlw-high-cost"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["medical-insurance-decision-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["age","income category","insurer","household aggregation","calendar month"],"ja":["年齢","所得区分","保険者","世帯合算","暦月"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask the insurer and hospital billing desk before planned expensive care; use a medical social worker for complex cases."],"ja":["高額な予定診療の前に保険者と病院会計へ確認し、複雑な場合は医療ソーシャルワーカーへ相談してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"employee-social-insurance-benefits","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Employee health and pension insurance","ja":"会社員の健康保険・厚生年金"},"summary":{"en":"Employer-based enrollment, premiums, sickness allowance, maternity allowance, and dependants.","ja":"適用・保険料・傷病手当金・出産手当金・扶養。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Eligible employees are enrolled through work in health insurance and Employees’ Pension; some health-insurance schemes also provide income benefits unavailable under municipal NHI.","ja":"対象となる従業員は勤務先を通じ健康保険と厚生年金に加入し、健康保険には市区町村国保にはない所得保障給付がある場合があります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Employer and employee generally share social-insurance contributions.","Health-insurance dependants and pension Category 3 spouses have distinct tests.","Sickness and injury allowance may support eligible employees unable to work for non-work reasons.","Work injuries go to workers’ compensation, not ordinary sickness allowance."],"ja":["社会保険料は原則として労使で負担します。","健康保険の被扶養者と国民年金第3号にはそれぞれ要件があります。","業務外の病気・けがで働けない対象者には傷病手当金があり得ます。","業務災害は通常の傷病手当金ではなく労災保険です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"income-benefits","heading":{"en":"Benefits beyond treatment","ja":"診療以外の給付"},"body":{"en":["For qualifying inability to work, sickness allowance generally begins after a three-day waiting period and is calculated from standard remuneration under statutory rules. Maternity allowance is separate. Ask your health-insurance association for eligibility, coordination with pay, and the current calculation."],"ja":["要件を満たす就労不能では、傷病手当金は通常連続3日の待期後に始まり、法定ルールにより標準報酬を基礎に計算されます。出産手当金は別給付です。資格、給与との調整、現在の計算は健康保険組合等へ確認してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mhlw-employee-insurance","kyoukaikenpo-sickness","jps-employees-pension"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["income-protection-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask HR and the health insurer when hours or contract status change, or before taking medical or maternity leave."],"ja":["労働時間・契約が変わる場合、療養・産休前は人事と健康保険者へ確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"pension-disability-survivor-benefits","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Pension means retirement, disability, and survivor cover","ja":"公的年金の老齢・障害・遺族保障"},"summary":{"en":"How the two-tier pension system also protects disability and bereavement risks.","ja":"二階建ての年金制度が障害・死亡リスクも支える仕組み。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"National Pension and Employees’ Pension can provide old-age, disability, and survivor benefits, subject to contribution, medical, family, and timing conditions.","ja":"国民年金・厚生年金には、納付・医学・家族・時期の要件を満たす場合、老齢・障害・遺族給付があります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Residents generally participate in National Pension; covered employees also build Employees’ Pension.","Disability pension is not the same as a disability certificate.","Survivor eligibility depends on the deceased’s record and the survivor’s relationship and circumstances.","Do not size life or disability insurance before obtaining a public-benefit estimate."],"ja":["居住者は原則国民年金に加入し、対象従業員は厚生年金も積み立てます。","障害年金と障害者手帳は別制度です。","遺族給付は死亡者の記録と遺族の関係・状況により異なります。","公的給付の見込みを確認する前に生命・障害保険額を決めないでください。"]},"sections":[{"id":"check-record","heading":{"en":"Check the record before estimating a gap","ja":"不足額の前に記録を確認"},"body":{"en":["Use Nenkin Net or a pension office to check contribution months and estimated old-age pension. Disability and survivor claims require separate assessment; early consultation matters because the first medical consultation date and contribution record can be decisive."],"ja":["ねんきんネットや年金事務所で納付月数と老齢年金見込額を確認します。障害・遺族請求は別途審査され、初診日と納付記録が重要になり得るため早めの相談が大切です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["jps-benefits","jps-disability","jps-survivor"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["do-you-need-life-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Contact a pension office promptly after serious disability or death; consider a social-insurance and labor consultant for a disputed or complex claim."],"ja":["重い障害や死亡後は早めに年金事務所へ連絡し、複雑・争いのある請求では社会保険労務士も検討してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"employment-insurance-and-workers-comp","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Employment insurance and workers’ compensation","ja":"雇用保険と労災保険"},"summary":{"en":"Unemployment, leave, work injury, and commuting injury are different claim paths.","ja":"失業・休業・業務災害・通勤災害の異なる請求経路。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Employment insurance supports qualifying unemployment and specified leave; workers’ compensation covers recognized work or commuting injury and disease.","ja":"雇用保険は要件を満たす失業や所定の休業を支え、労災保険は認定された業務・通勤上の傷病を補償します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Hello Work administers unemployment-related claims.","Workers’ compensation generally applies regardless of employer fault.","Do not use ordinary health insurance for treatment that should be handled as workers’ compensation.","Leaving voluntarily versus involuntarily can affect timing and treatment."],"ja":["失業等給付の窓口はハローワークです。","労災保険は原則として使用者の過失の有無とは別に適用されます。","労災として扱うべき診療に通常の健康保険を使わないでください。","自己都合か会社都合かで給付の時期・取扱いが変わり得ます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"route","heading":{"en":"Choose the right claim route","ja":"正しい請求経路"},"body":{"en":["Report work and commuting injuries promptly and tell the medical provider they may be work-related. For job loss, obtain separation documents and consult Hello Work; insured periods, reason for separation, work availability, and waiting or restriction periods affect benefits."],"ja":["業務・通勤災害は速やかに報告し、医療機関へ労災の可能性を伝えます。離職時は離職票等を受け取りハローワークへ相談します。被保険者期間・離職理由・就労可能性・待期や給付制限が給付に影響します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mhlw-employment-insurance","hellowork-benefits","mhlw-workers-comp"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["income-protection-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Contact the Labour Standards Inspection Office if an employer discourages a work-injury report; seek legal help for retaliation or a serious dispute."],"ja":["事業主が労災報告を妨げる場合は労働基準監督署へ相談し、報復や重大な争いでは法律相談を利用してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"medical-insurance-decision-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Do you need private medical insurance?","ja":"民間医療保険は必要？"},"summary":{"en":"A decision framework after public health coverage and employer benefits.","ja":"公的医療保険と勤務先給付を確認した後の判断枠組み。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"First estimate insured cost sharing, non-covered expenses, and lost income after public and employer benefits; private medical cover is optional unless the remaining gap would destabilize you.","ja":"公的・勤務先給付後の保険診療自己負担、対象外費用、収入減を見積もり、残る不足が家計を崩す場合にのみ民間医療保険を検討します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["High-cost protection applies to eligible treatment, not every expense.","Employees may have sickness allowance; municipal NHI generally does not provide the same standard benefit.","Cash savings can be a cheaper way to fund small, predictable gaps.","Compare definitions, waiting periods, renewability, exclusions, and total premiums—not a daily benefit alone."],"ja":["高額療養費は対象診療に適用され、全費用ではありません。","会社員には傷病手当金があり得ますが、市区町村国保には通常同等の標準給付がありません。","小さく予測可能な不足には現金貯蓄の方が安い場合があります。","日額だけでなく定義・待期・更新・免責・総保険料を比較します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"decision","heading":{"en":"Run the gap test","ja":"不足額テスト"},"body":{"en":["Model several calendar months, because the public ceiling resets monthly. Add uncovered room and meal charges and realistic lost income; subtract sickness allowance, paid leave, employer benefits, household income, and accessible savings. Do not buy if the policy does not materially close the remaining gap."],"ja":["公的上限は月ごとに区切られるため複数の暦月で試算します。対象外の室料・食費と現実的な収入減を加え、傷病手当金・有給・勤務先給付・世帯収入・利用可能な貯蓄を差し引きます。保険が残る不足を実質的に埋めないなら購入しません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mhlw-high-cost","kyoukaikenpo-sickness","fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask the public insurer for a benefit estimate and an independent professional for help interpreting exclusions; disclose medical history accurately."],"ja":["公的保険者へ給付見込みを確認し、免責の解釈は独立した専門家へ相談してください。告知は正確に行います。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"income-protection-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Income protection when you cannot work","ja":"働けないときの所得保障"},"summary":{"en":"Layer paid leave, public benefits, employer cover, savings, then private insurance.","ja":"有給・公的給付・勤務先保障・貯蓄・民間保険を順に重ねる方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Your gap depends heavily on employment status and cause: sickness allowance, workers’ compensation, disability pension, unemployment benefits, and employer leave do different jobs.","ja":"不足は就業形態と原因で大きく異なり、傷病手当金・労災・障害年金・雇用保険・勤務先休暇は役割が異なります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Separate short illness, long disability, work injury, job loss, and caregiving.","Self-employed people usually have a larger short-term sickness-income gap.","Emergency savings cover waiting periods and exclusions.","Private income protection must be tested against benefit definitions and offsets."],"ja":["短期療養・長期障害・労災・失業・介護を分けます。","自営業者は通常、短期の療養収入に大きな不足があります。","緊急資金は待期と免責を補います。","民間所得補償は給付定義と他給付との調整を確認します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"timeline","heading":{"en":"Build a timeline, not one number","ja":"一つの金額でなく時系列で考える"},"body":{"en":["Map income and essential spending for month 1, months 2–6, and long-term disability. Put paid leave, sickness allowance or workers’ compensation, employer plans, disability pension, partner income, and savings on the timeline. A private policy is relevant only where an unaffordable gap remains."],"ja":["1か月目、2〜6か月、長期障害に分け収入と必須支出を整理します。有給、傷病手当金または労災、勤務先制度、障害年金、配偶者収入、貯蓄を時系列に置き、耐えられない不足が残る部分だけ民間保険を検討します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["kyoukaikenpo-sickness","mhlw-workers-comp","jps-disability","mhlw-employment-insurance"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":[],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Get coordinated estimates from HR, the insurer, pension office, and Hello Work; seek specialist help when benefits overlap."],"ja":["人事・保険者・年金事務所・ハローワークから見込みを確認し、給付が重なる場合は専門家へ相談してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"home-earthquake-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Home, fire, and earthquake insurance","ja":"住宅・火災・地震保険"},"summary":{"en":"Separate building, contents, liability, flood, and earthquake risks.","ja":"建物・家財・賠償・水災・地震リスクを分けて考える。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Fire insurance does not ordinarily cover earthquake-caused fire or damage; Japan’s earthquake insurance is attached to fire insurance and is designed to support recovery, not full replacement.","ja":"通常の火災保険は地震による火災・損害を補償せず、地震保険は火災保険に付帯し、全額再建ではなく生活再建を支える制度です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Owners insure the building; renters usually focus on contents, tenant liability, and personal liability.","Flood, water leakage, theft, and accidental damage are separate coverage questions.","Earthquake insurance amounts are statutorily limited relative to fire insurance.","Check duplicate personal-liability riders across home, auto, and card arrangements."],"ja":["所有者は建物、賃借人は主に家財・借家人賠償・個人賠償を検討します。","水災・漏水・盗難・破損はそれぞれ補償確認が必要です。","地震保険金額は火災保険金額に対し法定範囲があります。","住宅・自動車・カード付帯の個人賠償重複を確認します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"inventory","heading":{"en":"Match cover to the property and hazard","ja":"物件と災害に合わせる"},"body":{"en":["Confirm whether the lease or mortgage requires cover, who owns improvements, rebuilding cost rather than land value, and local flood and seismic exposure. Read deductibles and the definitions used to grade earthquake loss. Public disaster support is limited and should not be treated as full insurance."],"ja":["賃貸借契約・住宅ローンの要件、造作の所有者、土地を除く再調達価額、地域の水災・地震リスクを確認します。免責金額と地震損害区分の定義を読みます。公的な災害支援は限定的で、完全な保険として扱えません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mof-earthquake-insurance","sonpo-earthquake","mlit-hazard-map"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":[],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask the landlord, lender, and insurer to resolve responsibility or valuation uncertainty; seek legal help after a disputed major loss."],"ja":["責任範囲・評価が不明なら家主・金融機関・保険会社へ確認し、大きな損害の争いでは法律相談を利用してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"auto-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Compulsory and voluntary auto insurance","ja":"自賠責保険と任意自動車保険"},"summary":{"en":"Why compulsory liability insurance is only the public/legal floor.","ja":"自賠責保険が法的な最低限にすぎない理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance covers limited bodily-injury liability; it does not cover property damage, your vehicle, or all potentially large liability, so assess voluntary cover against those gaps.","ja":"自賠責保険は対人損害を限定的に補償し、対物・自車・巨額になり得る賠償の全ては対象外なので、その不足に任意保険を照らします。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["CALI/Jibaiseki is mandatory and centered on injury or death to others.","Property liability and vehicle damage are outside compulsory cover.","Voluntary cover can address third-party limits, property, passengers, legal support, and own damage.","Driver, age, use, territory, deductibles, and family definitions can restrict cover."],"ja":["自賠責は強制加入で、他人の死傷への補償が中心です。","対物賠償と自車損害は自賠責の対象外です。","任意保険は対人上乗せ・対物・搭乗者・弁護士費用・車両損害等を補えます。","運転者・年齢・用途・地域・免責・家族の定義で補償が制限され得ます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"limits","heading":{"en":"Start with the compulsory-policy gaps","ja":"自賠責の不足から考える"},"body":{"en":["Confirm the compulsory policy is valid before driving. Then model injury liability above its limits, damage to another vehicle or property, your own injuries and vehicle, roadside needs, and who will drive. A private comparison that starts with premiums rather than these gaps is incomplete."],"ja":["運転前に自賠責の有効性を確認します。その後、限度を超える対人賠償、他車・物への損害、自分の傷害・車両、ロードサービス、運転者を整理します。これらの不足でなく保険料から始める比較は不十分です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mlit-cali","sonpo-auto"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":[],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Call police and the insurers after a crash; seek legal help promptly for serious injury, criminal exposure, or disputed liability."],"ja":["事故後は警察と保険会社へ連絡し、重傷・刑事責任・過失争いでは早急に法律相談を利用してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"how-insurance-works-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"How insurance works","ja":"保険の仕組み"},"summary":{"en":"Risk transfer, premiums, fixed-benefit vs reimbursement cover, claims, and exclusions.","ja":"リスク移転・保険料・定額給付と実損填補・請求・免責。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Insurance transfers a defined financial risk to an insurer for a premium; it pays only for the events, people, property, and periods the contract specifies.","ja":"保険は保険料と引き換えに、定められた財務リスクを保険会社へ移転する契約で、約款が定める出来事・人・物・期間にのみ支払われます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Only losses defined in the contract are covered — not every misfortune.","Fixed-benefit policies pay a set amount; indemnity policies reimburse actual loss up to a limit.","Premiums, exclusions, waiting periods, and definitions decide whether a claim pays.","The policy wording (約款) and warning information — not the brochure — control."],"ja":["補償されるのは約款が定める損失のみで、あらゆる不運ではありません。","定額給付型は一定額を支払い、実損填補型は限度内で実際の損失を補償します。","保険料・免責・待機期間・定義が支払可否を左右します。","パンフレットではなく普通保険約款と注意喚起情報が優先します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"transfer","heading":{"en":"What you are actually buying","ja":"実際に買っているもの"},"body":{"en":["You are buying a contractual promise to pay under stated conditions, not protection against all loss. Read the definition of the insured event, the exclusions, and any waiting period before you compare price. A cheap policy that excludes your real risk is not cheap."],"ja":["買っているのは「あらゆる損失への保護」ではなく、所定の条件下で支払うという契約上の約束です。価格を比較する前に、保険事故の定義・免責・待機期間を読みます。本当のリスクを除外している安い保険は安くありません。"]}},{"id":"decide","heading":{"en":"The core decision rule","ja":"中心となる判断基準"},"body":{"en":["Insure a risk only when three things hold at once: the event would cause serious financial harm, the event is uncertain, and a reasonably priced contract actually covers it. Use savings for predictable, affordable costs."],"ja":["保険は次の3つが同時に成り立つ場合にのみ検討します。損失が深刻であること、発生が不確実であること、妥当な保険料で実際に補償されること。予測でき負担可能な費用は貯蓄で賄います。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["public-vs-private-insurance-japan","how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask the insurer or a qualified adviser to confirm whether your specific risk is inside the policy definition before buying."],"ja":["購入前に、自分の具体的なリスクが約款の定義に含まれるかを保険会社や有資格の専門家へ確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"how-to-read-a-policy-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"How to read an insurance policy in Japan","ja":"保険の約款を読む方法"},"summary":{"en":"Policy overview, warning information, wording, definitions, exclusions, and benefit triggers.","ja":"契約概要・注意喚起情報・約款・定義・免責・支払事由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The policy overview (契約概要) and brochure summarize the product, but the policy wording (約款), endorsements, definitions, and warning information (注意喚起情報) decide whether a specific event is payable.","ja":"契約概要やパンフレットは概要にすぎず、実際の支払可否は普通保険約款・特約・定義・注意喚起情報が決めます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Read the definitions section first — “surgery”, “cancer”, “flood”, and “household member” are defined terms.","Check general and special exclusions and any condition-specific start dates.","Confirm benefit triggers, limits, deductibles, renewal, and surrender terms.","Where the brochure and the wording conflict, the wording controls."],"ja":["まず定義規定を読みます。「手術」「がん」「水災」「同居家族」などは定義語です。","普通・特別の免責と、補償開始日が条件付きの項目を確認します。","支払事由・限度・免責金額・更新・解約の条件を確認します。","パンフレットと約款が矛盾する場合は約款が優先します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"docs","heading":{"en":"The documents that matter","ja":"重要な書類"},"body":{"en":["Keep four documents together: the policy overview, the warning information, the full wording with endorsements, and the application answers you gave. FSA guidance expects insurers to disclose the product mechanism, major riders, coverage period, premiums, cancellation refunds, exclusions, cooling-off, and disclosure duties."],"ja":["4つの書類をまとめて保管します。契約概要、注意喚起情報、特約を含む約款全文、そして自分が答えた告知内容です。金融庁の指針は、商品の仕組み・主な特約・保険期間・保険料・解約返戻金・免責・クーリングオフ・告知義務の説明を保険会社に求めています。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-insurance-works-japan","exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask the insurer in writing to point to the exact clause and definition that would apply to your situation."],"ja":["自分の状況に適用される条項・定義がどこかを、保険会社へ書面で確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"insurance-premiums-explained-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Insurance premiums explained","ja":"保険料の決まり方"},"summary":{"en":"How age, health, occupation, location, insured amount, deductibles, and renewal shape the price.","ja":"年齢・健康・職業・地域・保険金額・免責・更新が価格に与える影響。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Premiums depend on the insured amount and risk factors — age, health, occupation, location, vehicle, pet, deductible, and selected benefits — and can rise sharply on age-based renewal.","ja":"保険料は保険金額とリスク要因（年齢・健康・職業・地域・車・ペット・免責・選択した保障）で決まり、年齢更新で大きく上がることがあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A published example premium is an illustration, not a quote for you.","A higher deductible lowers the premium but raises your out-of-pocket loss.","Renewable term cover reprices upward at each renewal because you are older.","Auto and pet premiums also reflect no-claim class, breed, and age."],"ja":["掲載されている保険料例は例示であり、あなたへの見積りではありません。","免責金額を上げると保険料は下がりますが、自己負担は増えます。","更新型の定期保険は年齢が上がるため更新のたびに高くなります。","自動車・ペットは等級・犬種・年齢も反映します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"compare","heading":{"en":"Compare benefits before price","ja":"価格より先に保障を比較"},"body":{"en":["Normalize the benefits — amounts, definitions, waiting periods, and renewal — before comparing premiums. The cheapest first-year premium can become the most expensive over time if it renews steeply or pays a narrower benefit."],"ja":["保険料を比べる前に、金額・定義・待機期間・更新といった保障を揃えます。初年度が最も安くても、更新で急上昇したり給付が狭ければ、長期では最も高くつくことがあります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","term-vs-whole-life-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["age","health","occupation","location","deductible","renewal"],"ja":["年齢","健康","職業","地域","免責","更新"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Request an individualized quotation and the future-renewal schedule before deciding."],"ja":["決定前に、個別見積りと将来の更新スケジュールを取り寄せてください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Insurance exclusions and waiting periods","ja":"免責と待機期間"},"summary":{"en":"Common exclusions by category, cancer and pet waiting periods, and pre-existing conditions.","ja":"種類別の主な免責、がん・ペットの待機期間、既往症。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Exclusions and waiting periods are where most claim surprises come from: cancer policies commonly exclude diagnoses in a roughly 90-day window, and pet policies apply illness and cancer waiting periods.","ja":"請求時の想定外の多くは免責と待機期間から生じます。がん保険は約90日の不担保期間、ペット保険は病気・がんの待機期間が一般的です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Intentional loss, war, and undisclosed material facts are near-universal exclusions.","Cancer cover typically does not pay for a diagnosis inside the waiting period.","Pet cover excludes pre-existing and often congenital conditions.","A “relaxed-underwriting” policy may reduce benefits during an early period."],"ja":["故意・戦争・重要事実の不告知はほぼ共通の免責です。","がん保険は待機期間内の診断を通常支払いません。","ペット保険は既往症・多くは先天性疾患を除外します。","引受基準緩和型は初期の一定期間、給付が削減されることがあります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"check","heading":{"en":"Where to look before buying","ja":"購入前に確認する場所"},"body":{"en":["Read the special exclusions and the condition-specific commencement dates, not only the headline coverage. For cancer and pet cover, note exactly when the waiting period starts and what counts as pre-existing."],"ja":["見出しの補償だけでなく、特別免責と条件付きの補償開始日を読みます。がん・ペットは、待機期間の起算点と既往症の範囲を正確に確認します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer","giaj"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["cancer-insurance-japan","pet-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask the insurer to confirm in writing whether a known condition would be excluded before you apply."],"ja":["申込前に、既知の症状が除外されるかを保険会社へ書面で確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"insurance-riders-explained-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Insurance riders explained","ja":"特約の基礎"},"summary":{"en":"Medical, liability, legal-expense, premium-waiver, advanced-treatment, and accidental-death riders.","ja":"医療・賠償・弁護士費用・払込免除・先進医療・災害死亡などの特約。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A rider (特約) is optional coverage attached to a main policy — advanced medical treatment, premium waiver, personal liability, legal expenses, women’s illness, or accidental death — and it should be bought only against a quantified risk, not by default.","ja":"特約は主契約に付加する任意の保障（先進医療・保険料払込免除・個人賠償・弁護士費用・女性疾病・災害死亡など）で、既定で付けるのではなく、数値化したリスクに対してのみ付けます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Each rider adds premium — attach one only against a real, quantified risk.","Personal-liability and legal-expense riders are cheap and broadly useful.","Advanced-treatment riders pay only officially designated technical fees.","Premium-waiver riders stop premiums on defined disability or illness."],"ja":["特約は保険料を増やします。実在し数値化したリスクにだけ付けます。","個人賠償・弁護士費用特約は安価で広く役立ちます。","先進医療特約は公的に指定された技術料のみを支払います。","払込免除特約は所定の障害・疾病で保険料を止めます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"choose","heading":{"en":"Attach riders deliberately","ja":"特約は意図して付ける"},"body":{"en":["For each proposed rider, ask what specific loss it covers, whether you already hold that cover elsewhere, and whether the premium is justified. Personal liability is often worth adding; many small medical riders are not."],"ja":["各特約について、どの損失を補うか、他で既に持っていないか、保険料が見合うかを確認します。個人賠償は付ける価値が高いことが多く、小さな医療特約の多くはそうではありません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["personal-liability-insurance-japan","over-and-under-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask the insurer what each rider costs separately and exactly what loss it pays for."],"ja":["各特約の単独保険料と、支払対象の損失を保険会社へ確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"underwriting-and-disclosure-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Underwriting and medical disclosure","ja":"引受査定と告知"},"summary":{"en":"Health questions, examinations, ratings, exclusions, postponement, and declined applications.","ja":"告知・診査・割増・部位不担保・延期・謝絶。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Answer every disclosure question completely and accurately; the insurer may accept you at standard rates, add a premium, exclude a body part, postpone, or decline — and material nondisclosure can void a claim.","ja":"告知はすべて完全かつ正確に答えます。保険会社は標準・割増・部位不担保・延期・謝絶のいずれかで判断し、重要事項の不告知は保険金不払いの原因になります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Answer only what is asked, but answer it truthfully and in full.","A pre-existing condition does not always mean rejection — outcomes vary.","Try standard underwriting before paying more for a relaxed-underwriting product.","Nondisclosure discovered at claim time can cancel the contract."],"ja":["聞かれたことに、正直かつ漏れなく答えます。","既往症が必ず謝絶になるとは限らず、結果は様々です。","割増の緩和型より先に、標準の引受を試します。","請求時に判明した不告知は契約解除につながり得ます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"honest","heading":{"en":"Do not guess, and do not hide","ja":"推測せず、隠さない"},"body":{"en":["If a question is unclear, ask the insurer in writing rather than guessing. Do not omit information the insurer requests. Getting a small exclusion or rating is usually better than a later claim denial for nondisclosure."],"ja":["質問が不明確なら推測せず書面で確認します。保険会社が求める情報を省略しないでください。小さな不担保や割増を受ける方が、後の不告知による不払いより通常は望ましいです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask for insurer pre-assessment where available, or work with an adviser who can compare underwriting outcomes."],"ja":["可能なら事前査定を依頼するか、引受結果を比較できる専門家に相談してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"term-renewable-whole-life-basics-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Term, renewable, and whole-life coverage","ja":"定期・更新型・終身の基礎"},"summary":{"en":"Policy length, premium increases, renewal ceilings, permanent needs, and surrender value.","ja":"保険期間・保険料の上昇・更新上限・終身の必要性・解約返戻金。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Term cover is cheap for a temporary need and usually has no surrender value; renewable term reprices upward with age to a ceiling; whole life continues for life if premiums are paid but early surrender can lose money.","ja":"定期は一時的な必要に安く、通常は解約返戻金がありません。更新型は年齢とともに上限まで上がり、終身は払込を続ければ一生涯続きますが早期解約は元本割れし得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Match the policy length to how long the risk actually lasts.","Renewable term has an age ceiling beyond which it cannot renew.","Whole life may build cash value, but early surrender value can be low.","A common efficient design is large term plus a small permanent policy only if needed."],"ja":["保険期間は、リスクが実際に続く期間に合わせます。","更新型には更新できなくなる年齢上限があります。","終身は解約返戻金がある場合もありますが、早期は少額です。","大きな定期＋必要な場合のみ小さな終身、という組み合わせが効率的です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"use","heading":{"en":"Match the shape to the need","ja":"必要に形を合わせる"},"body":{"en":["Use large term cover for the temporary family-income risk during dependent years, and add a small permanent policy only for a genuine lifelong need such as funeral or estate liquidity. Do not buy permanent insurance to solve a temporary problem."],"ja":["扶養期間中の一時的な家計収入リスクには大きな定期を、葬儀費用や相続の流動性など本当に生涯続く必要にだけ小さな終身を加えます。一時的な問題を終身保険で解決しようとしないでください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["term-vs-whole-life-japan","do-you-need-life-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask for the surrender-value table and the renewal-premium schedule before signing."],"ja":["契約前に解約返戻金表と更新保険料の推移を確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Cash value and surrender value","ja":"解約返戻金と積立部分"},"summary":{"en":"Whole life, low-surrender-value products, policy loans, and early-cancellation losses.","ja":"終身・低解約返戻金型・契約者貸付・早期解約の損失。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Cash value is contract value that may be available on surrender or through a policy loan; it is not a bank deposit, and low-surrender-value designs can return far less than premiums paid if you cancel early.","ja":"解約返戻金は解約や契約者貸付で利用できる可能性のある契約価値で、預金ではありません。低解約返戻金型は早期解約で払込額を大きく下回ることがあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Illustrated maturity values depend on assumptions and are not guaranteed unless labeled guaranteed.","Low-surrender-value designs lower premiums but punish early cancellation.","Policy loans accrue interest and reduce benefits until repaid.","Do not treat a savings-type policy as a liquid emergency fund."],"ja":["満期の例示額は前提次第で、保証と明記されない限り保証されません。","低解約返戻金型は保険料を下げますが、早期解約に不利です。","契約者貸付は利息がつき、返済まで給付を減らします。","貯蓄型保険を流動性のある緊急資金と考えないでください。"]},"sections":[{"id":"read","heading":{"en":"Read the guaranteed column","ja":"保証欄を読む"},"body":{"en":["On any illustration, separate the guaranteed values from projected values, and look at the surrender value at the years you might realistically cancel. Currency, interest, market, and fee assumptions can all reduce the amount you actually receive."],"ja":["設計書では保証値と予定値を分け、現実に解約し得る年数の解約返戻金を確認します。為替・利率・市場・手数料の前提はいずれも実受取額を減らし得ます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","whole-life-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask for the guaranteed surrender-value schedule and compare with deposits, NISA, and iDeCo before committing."],"ja":["保証解約返戻金表を取り寄せ、預金・NISA・iDeCoと比較してから判断してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"how-insurance-claims-work-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"How insurance claims work","ja":"保険金請求の仕組み"},"summary":{"en":"Evidence, notification, claim forms, investigations, payment decisions, and denials.","ja":"証拠・通知・請求書類・調査・支払判断・不払い。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A claim is a request for payment supported by required evidence — a medical certificate, receipt, diagnosis, police report, estimate, or death certificate — and the insurer pays only when the contract’s conditions and definitions are met.","ja":"保険金請求は、診断書・領収書・診断・事故証明・見積り・死亡診断書などの必要書類を伴う支払請求で、約款の条件と定義を満たす場合にのみ支払われます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Notify the insurer promptly, even before the final amount is known.","Preserve photos, receipts, records, and correspondence.","Ask for the claim number, required documents, and deadlines.","Get any denial and its contractual reason in writing."],"ja":["最終金額が不明でも、速やかに保険会社へ通知します。","写真・領収書・記録・やり取りを保存します。","請求番号・必要書類・期限を確認します。","不払いの場合は約款上の理由を書面で受け取ります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"steps","heading":{"en":"A universal claim sequence","ja":"共通する請求手順"},"body":{"en":["Protect life and prevent further damage; contact the relevant authority; notify the insurer; gather evidence; submit a factual chronology; disclose other applicable insurance; then obtain the decision in writing and challenge factual mistakes with clause references."],"ja":["まず身の安全と損害拡大の防止、次に関係機関へ連絡、保険会社へ通知、証拠収集、事実の経過を提出、他の適用保険を申告、そして判断を書面で受け取り、事実誤認は条項を示して反論します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-to-make-a-claim-japan","why-claims-are-denied-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Contact the insurer’s claims desk first; escalate to the relevant ADR body if a dispute is unresolved."],"ja":["まず保険会社の請求窓口へ連絡し、解決しない紛争は該当のADR機関へ申し立ててください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"How to compare insurance quotes","ja":"保険の見積り比較のしかた"},"summary":{"en":"Normalize benefits and definitions, then compare total premiums, renewals, riders, and exclusions.","ja":"保障と定義を揃え、総保険料・更新・特約・免責を比較する。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Normalize benefits, definitions, waiting periods, and renewal terms first; only then compare total premiums over time — not the cheapest first-year price.","ja":"まず保障・定義・待機期間・更新条件を揃え、その後で初年度の安さではなく長期の総保険料を比較します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Compare the definition of the insured event, not just the benefit amount.","Model total premiums to ages 65, 75, 85, and 95 where relevant.","Include riders, deductibles, and exclusions in the comparison.","Comparison-site rankings reflect that platform’s panel, not the whole market."],"ja":["給付額だけでなく、保険事故の定義を比較します。","必要に応じ65・75・85・95歳までの総保険料を試算します。","特約・免責・除外を比較に含めます。","比較サイトのランキングは全市場ではなくそのサイトの取扱いを反映します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"normalize","heading":{"en":"Build a like-for-like table","ja":"同条件の比較表をつくる"},"body":{"en":["Put each product in a table with the same rows: entry and renewal age, benefit triggers and amounts, waiting periods, exclusions, renewal repricing, and total premium over a realistic horizon. A quote you cannot normalize is not yet comparable."],"ja":["各商品を同じ行で表にします。加入・更新年齢、支払事由と金額、待機期間、免責、更新時の再算定、現実的な期間の総保険料。揃えられない見積りはまだ比較可能ではありません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["insurance-premiums-explained-japan","direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask each insurer for a written, individualized quote with the renewal schedule before choosing."],"ja":["選ぶ前に、各社へ更新スケジュール付きの個別見積りを書面で依頼してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"How to review and replace insurance","ja":"保険の見直しと乗り換え"},"summary":{"en":"Policy inventory, duplicate coverage, replacement risk, and cancellation timing.","ja":"契約の棚卸し・重複補償・乗り換えリスク・解約のタイミング。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Build an inventory of every policy, map each benefit to a real risk, and never cancel existing life or health cover until the replacement is accepted, commenced, and its exclusions are understood.","ja":"すべての契約を棚卸しし、各給付を実際のリスクに対応させ、乗り換え先が引受・開始され免責を理解するまで既存の生命・医療保険を解約しないでください。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Replacing a policy restarts underwriting — a new condition can now be excluded.","Watch for duplicate personal-liability, travel, and device coverage.","Old hospitalization-only medical policies may no longer match modern care.","Confirm cooling-off and first-premium conditions on the new contract."],"ja":["乗り換えは告知をやり直すため、新たな症状が除外され得ます。","個人賠償・旅行・端末補償の重複に注意します。","古い入院中心の医療保険は現在の医療に合わないことがあります。","新契約のクーリングオフと初回保険料の条件を確認します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"timing","heading":{"en":"Sequence the switch safely","ja":"安全な乗り換え手順"},"body":{"en":["Apply for and secure the new cover, confirm commencement and any special exclusions, and only then cancel the old policy. Cancelling first can leave you uninsured or uninsurable if the new application is rated or declined."],"ja":["新しい保障を申込・確保し、開始日と特別な不担保を確認してから、旧契約を解約します。先に解約すると、新規申込が割増・謝絶になった場合に無保険・加入不能になり得ます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["annual-insurance-review-japan","duplicate-coverage-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask both insurers to confirm dates and exclusions in writing before cancelling anything."],"ja":["解約前に、両社へ日付と免責を書面で確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"over-and-under-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Overinsurance and underinsurance","ja":"過剰保険と保険不足"},"summary":{"en":"Public-benefit duplication, unnecessary riders, and missing catastrophic cover.","ja":"公的給付との重複・不要な特約・巨大リスクの補償漏れ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Overinsurance duplicates public benefits, employer benefits, or savings and buys riders without a quantified risk; underinsurance leaves catastrophic gaps — unlimited liability, rebuilding, income loss, or dependants — uncovered.","ja":"過剰保険は公的給付・勤務先給付・貯蓄と重複し、根拠のない特約を買うことです。保険不足は無制限賠償・再建・収入減・扶養家族といった巨大リスクの補償漏れです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Price public and employer benefits before buying private cover.","Small, budgetable losses are usually better self-funded.","The costliest gaps are third-party liability, rebuilding, and lost income.","Right-sizing beats both stacking riders and skipping catastrophic cover."],"ja":["民間保険の前に、公的・勤務先給付を見積もります。","小さく予算化できる損失は自己資金の方が通常有利です。","最も大きな不足は対人賠償・再建・収入減です。","特約の積み増しや巨大リスクの無保険より、適正化が優先です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rightsize","heading":{"en":"Map each yen to a real risk","ja":"各支出を実リスクに対応させる"},"body":{"en":["List every risk, its public payer, your savings buffer, and the true residual loss. Insure the residual only where it is both large and uncertain. Cancel riders that duplicate cover you already hold, and raise limits where a single event could overwhelm the household."],"ja":["各リスクについて、公的な支払元・貯蓄の余裕・実際の残余損失を一覧化します。残余が大きく不確実な部分だけを保険にします。既存補償と重複する特約は解約し、一つの事故で家計が崩れる部分は限度を引き上げます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["public-vs-private-insurance-japan","duplicate-coverage-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask an independent adviser to review duplication and catastrophic gaps together, not one product at a time."],"ja":["重複と巨大リスクの不足を、商品単位ではなくまとめて独立した専門家に点検してもらってください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"employees-vs-national-health-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Employees’ health insurance vs National Health Insurance","ja":"健康保険と国民健康保険の違い"},"summary":{"en":"Enrollment, dependants, premium calculation, and the sickness and maternity income benefits.","ja":"加入・扶養・保険料計算・傷病手当金と出産手当金。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Employees’ health insurance is enrolled through work, uses a salary-based premium shared with the employer, covers dependants, and can pay sickness and maternity allowances; municipal National Health Insurance is household-based and generally does not pay those income allowances.","ja":"健康保険は勤務先を通じて加入し、労使折半の報酬比例保険料で被扶養者を扱い、傷病手当金・出産手当金を支給し得ます。市区町村の国民健康保険は世帯単位で、通常これらの所得給付はありません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Employees’ insurance has a “dependant” structure; NHI insures each household member.","Employees may receive sickness and maternity allowances; ordinary NHI generally does not.","Both provide covered treatment and the high-cost benefit.","Switching jobs can change which system you are in and how premiums are set."],"ja":["健康保険には被扶養者制度があり、国保は世帯員ごとに加入します。","会社員は傷病手当金・出産手当金を受け得ますが、通常の国保にはありません。","いずれも保険診療と高額療養費を提供します。","転職により、加入制度と保険料の決まり方が変わり得ます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"switch","heading":{"en":"When you change jobs","ja":"転職するとき"},"body":{"en":["Losing employer coverage can trigger a choice: voluntary continuation of employees’ insurance where available, or municipal NHI. Compare the total premium, dependant treatment, and whether income allowances matter to you, and enroll promptly to avoid a coverage gap."],"ja":["勤務先の保険を失うと、可能な場合の任意継続か市区町村国保かの選択が生じます。総保険料・被扶養者の扱い・所得給付の要否を比較し、無保険期間を避けるため速やかに加入します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mhlw-health-system","nichii-nhi","kyoukaikenpo-sickness"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit","employee-social-insurance-benefits"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["employer","municipality","household income","dependants"],"ja":["勤務先","自治体","世帯所得","扶養"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask HR, your health insurer, and the municipal office to compare continuation vs NHI for your household."],"ja":["人事・健康保険者・市区町村窓口で、任意継続と国保を世帯単位で比較してもらってください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"What public health insurance does not cover","ja":"公的医療保険の対象外"},"summary":{"en":"Private rooms, uncovered care, documents, meals, income loss, and other gaps.","ja":"差額ベッド・保険外診療・文書料・食事・収入減などの不足。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Public insurance pays covered treatment and the high-cost benefit caps eligible cost-sharing, but private-room surcharges, uncovered treatment, meals, documents, and lost income sit outside that protection.","ja":"公的保険は保険診療を給付し高額療養費が対象自己負担を上限までに抑えますが、差額ベッド代・保険外診療・食事・文書料・収入減はその保護の外にあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The high-cost ceiling is calculated monthly on eligible cost-sharing only.","Elective private-room charges are outside the ceiling.","Non-covered advanced-treatment technical fees may not be reimbursed.","Lost income is only replaced through separate benefits or insurance."],"ja":["高額療養費は対象自己負担のみを暦月単位で計算します。","希望による差額ベッド代は上限の対象外です。","保険外の先進医療技術料は給付されないことがあります。","収入減は別の給付・保険でのみ補われます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"gap","heading":{"en":"Where private cover or savings can help","ja":"民間保険や貯蓄が役立つ場面"},"body":{"en":["Ask the hospital for an itemized estimate separating insured care from meals, private-room charges, documents, and non-covered services. Then decide whether savings or a fixed-benefit medical policy is the cheaper way to fund the residual."],"ja":["病院に、保険診療と食事・差額ベッド・文書・保険外サービスを分けた明細見積りを依頼します。その上で、残余を賄うのに貯蓄と定額給付の医療保険のどちらが安いかを判断します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mhlw-high-cost","mhlw-health-system"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["medical-insurance-decision-japan","private-medical-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask the insurer and hospital billing desk before planned expensive care; a medical social worker can help with complex cases."],"ja":["高額な予定診療の前に保険者と病院会計へ確認し、複雑な場合は医療ソーシャルワーカーへ相談してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"long-term-care-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Long-term care insurance (public)","ja":"公的介護保険"},"summary":{"en":"Age groups, certification, covered services, copayments, and uncovered facility costs.","ja":"年齢区分・要介護認定・給付対象・自己負担・対象外の施設費用。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Residents are insured for long-term care from age 40; certified users generally pay 10%–30% of covered services, while meals, housing, upgrades, and services beyond limits remain out of pocket.","ja":"居住者は40歳から介護保険に加入し、認定を受けた利用者は対象サービスの原則1〜3割を負担します。食費・居住費・上乗せ・限度超のサービスは自己負担です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Age 65+ eligibility is based on assessed need; ages 40–64 cover only specified conditions.","Certification determines the care level and monthly benefit limit.","Copayments are income-based, generally 10%–30%.","Facility food and housing are not fully covered by the public system."],"ja":["65歳以上は要介護状態に基づき、40〜64歳は特定疾病のみが対象です。","認定により要介護度と月々の支給限度が決まります。","自己負担は所得に応じ原則1〜3割です。","施設の食費・居住費は公的制度で全額は賄われません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"plan","heading":{"en":"What private care cover adds","ja":"民間介護保険が補うもの"},"body":{"en":["Private nursing-care insurance can add a lump sum or annuity for the uncovered costs, but only when the insured reaches a contract-defined care state or public care level. Compare it against a dedicated care reserve and the actual gap after public benefits."],"ja":["民間介護保険は対象外費用に一時金や年金を上乗せできますが、約款所定の要介護状態や公的介護度に達した場合に限られます。専用の介護資金や、公的給付後の実際の不足と比較します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mhlw-ltci"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["insurance-retirees-japan","over-and-under-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["age group","care level","income","municipality"],"ja":["年齢区分","要介護度","所得","自治体"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Contact your municipal care-insurance desk or a care manager for certification and service planning."],"ja":["要介護認定やサービス計画は、市区町村の介護保険窓口やケアマネジャーへ相談してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"pension-for-foreign-residents-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Pension rules for foreign residents","ja":"外国人居住者の年金"},"summary":{"en":"Enrollment, social-security agreements, records, and the lump-sum withdrawal payment.","ja":"加入・社会保障協定・記録・脱退一時金。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Registered residents aged 20–59 are generally subject to National Pension unless covered another way; contributions also protect disability and survivors, and a lump-sum withdrawal may be claimable within two years after leaving Japan — but it can erase credited periods.","ja":"20〜59歳の登録居住者は原則として国民年金の対象で、納付は障害・遺族も保護します。脱退一時金は日本を離れて2年以内に請求できる場合がありますが、算入期間が消滅し得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Enrollment is generally mandatory, not optional, for eligible residents.","Contributions build old-age, disability, and survivor protection.","Social-security agreements may let you combine periods across countries.","The lump-sum withdrawal can be inferior to preserving your record."],"ja":["対象居住者の加入は原則として任意ではなく義務です。","納付は老齢・障害・遺族の保護を積み上げます。","社会保障協定により各国の期間を通算できる場合があります。","脱退一時金は記録を残すより不利になり得ます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"leave","heading":{"en":"Before you claim a refund","ja":"一時金を請求する前に"},"body":{"en":["Investigate the lump-sum withdrawal carefully: eligible non-Japanese people generally must claim within two years of losing residence, but claiming can erase the periods used in the calculation and may affect tax or social-security-agreement planning. Compare keeping the record where an agreement applies."],"ja":["脱退一時金は慎重に検討します。対象の外国人は原則として在留喪失から2年以内に請求しますが、請求すると計算に用いた期間が消滅し、税や協定の計画に影響し得ます。協定が適用される場合は記録の保持と比較します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["jps-national-pension","jps-lumpsum","jps-international"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","pension-disability-survivor-benefits"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask a pension office, and a cross-border tax adviser, before choosing a refund over keeping your record."],"ja":["記録の保持より一時金を選ぶ前に、年金事務所と国際税務の専門家へ相談してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Leaving Japan: insurance and pension checklist","ja":"日本を離れるときの保険・年金チェックリスト"},"summary":{"en":"Private-policy continuation, NHI withdrawal, pension withdrawal, claims, and contacts.","ja":"民間契約の継続・国保脱退・年金の脱退一時金・請求・連絡先。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Before departure, confirm in writing whether each private policy can continue overseas, withdraw from NHI at your municipality, investigate the pension lump-sum, and settle claims and contact details by category.","ja":"出国前に、各民間契約が海外で継続できるかを書面で確認し、市区町村で国保を脱退し、年金の脱退一時金を検討し、種類ごとに請求と連絡先を整理します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["There is no single rule for whether private policies continue abroad — ask each insurer.","Withdraw from NHI and update pension status at the municipality.","Decide on the pension lump-sum within the two-year window if eligible.","Confirm how claims and notices will reach you overseas."],"ja":["民間契約が海外で続くかに統一ルールはなく、各社へ確認します。","市区町村で国保を脱退し、年金の資格を更新します。","対象なら2年の期限内に脱退一時金の要否を判断します。","海外で請求・通知がどう届くかを確認します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"ask","heading":{"en":"Ask each private insurer in writing","ja":"各民間保険会社へ書面で確認"},"body":{"en":["For every private policy, ask whether it can continue overseas, how premiums must be paid, where notices will be sent, how claims will be documented, and whether a Japanese address or bank account remains mandatory. Keep the written answers with your policy documents."],"ja":["各民間契約について、海外で継続できるか、保険料の払込方法、通知の送付先、請求書類の扱い、日本の住所・口座が必須かを確認します。回答は約款とともに保管します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["jps-lumpsum","nichii-nhi","fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["pension-for-foreign-residents-japan","insurance-foreign-residents-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Notify the municipality, employer, pension office, and every insurer before you leave; keep written confirmations."],"ja":["出国前に市区町村・勤務先・年金事務所・各保険会社へ届け出て、書面の確認を保管してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"term-life-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Term life insurance","ja":"定期保険"},"summary":{"en":"Level and renewable terms, age limits, premium changes, best uses, and exclusions.","ja":"平準・更新型、年齢制限、保険料の変化、向くケース、免責。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Term life pays a death benefit during a fixed period at a relatively low premium, usually with little or no surrender value, and is best for a temporary income gap such as dependent or mortgage years.","ja":"定期保険は一定期間の死亡保障を比較的低い保険料で提供し、通常は解約返戻金がほぼ無く、扶養期間や住宅ローン期間など一時的な収入不足に最も適します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Best for parents, mortgage borrowers, and temporary income gaps.","Renewable term reprices upward at each renewal and has an age ceiling.","Survivor pension and employer death benefits reduce the amount you need.","A suicide-exclusion period and disclosure rules apply."],"ja":["親・住宅ローン利用者・一時的な収入不足に向きます。","更新型は更新のたびに高くなり、年齢上限があります。","遺族年金や勤務先の死亡給付は必要額を減らします。","自殺免責期間と告知のルールが適用されます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"size","heading":{"en":"Size it against the real gap","ja":"実際の不足に合わせる"},"body":{"en":["Do not insure the full salary. Add debts, household income to independence, and education, then subtract survivor pension, employer benefits, assets, and the surviving partner’s earnings. Level term for the whole dependent period is usually simpler than short renewable term."],"ja":["給与全額を保険にしません。負債・独立までの家計収入・教育費を足し、遺族年金・勤務先給付・資産・配偶者収入を差し引きます。扶養期間全体を平準の定期で覆う方が、短い更新型より通常わかりやすいです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer","jps-survivor"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","term-vs-whole-life-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Get a survivor-pension estimate before setting the insured amount."],"ja":["保険金額を決める前に遺族年金の見込みを確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"whole-life-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Whole-life insurance","ja":"終身保険"},"summary":{"en":"Permanent death protection, cash value, premium structures, and surrender risk.","ja":"一生涯の死亡保障・解約返戻金・保険料の型・解約リスク。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Whole life provides a lifetime death benefit if premiums are maintained and may build cash value, but premiums are higher than term and early surrender can return far less than premiums paid.","ja":"終身保険は払込を続ける限り一生涯の死亡保障を提供し解約返戻金を持つ場合もありますが、保険料は定期より高く、早期解約は払込額を大きく下回ることがあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Best for a genuine lifelong need: funeral, estate liquidity, or inheritance equalization.","Cash value is not a deposit; early surrender value can be low.","Foreign-currency and variable designs add market and currency risk.","For temporary needs, term is usually far cheaper."],"ja":["葬儀費用・相続の流動性・分割対策など、本当に生涯続く必要に向きます。","解約返戻金は預金ではなく、早期は少額です。","外貨建て・変額は市場・為替リスクを加えます。","一時的な必要には定期の方が通常はるかに安価です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"need","heading":{"en":"Confirm the permanent need first","ja":"まず生涯続く必要を確認"},"body":{"en":["Buy whole life only for a defined permanent need, and keep the amount small. Treating a projected value as a guaranteed deposit, or buying a large permanent policy to solve a temporary income gap, are the two common mistakes."],"ja":["終身は明確な生涯の必要にだけ、金額を小さく契約します。予定値を保証された預金と誤解すること、一時的な収入不足を大きな終身で解決しようとすることが二大失敗です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan","term-vs-whole-life-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask for the guaranteed surrender-value schedule and compare with term plus investing."],"ja":["保証解約返戻金表を取り寄せ、定期＋投資と比較してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"private-medical-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Private medical insurance","ja":"民間医療保険"},"summary":{"en":"How fixed-benefit hospitalization, surgery, and outpatient cover interact with public insurance.","ja":"入院・手術・外来の定額給付と公的保険の関係。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Private medical insurance pays contractually defined daily, surgical, or lump-sum benefits on top of public cover; it supplements rather than replaces public health insurance and is optional unless the residual gap would destabilize you.","ja":"民間医療保険は公的保障の上に、日額・手術・一時金など約款所定の給付を支払います。公的医療保険を置き換えるのではなく補完し、残る不足が家計を崩す場合以外は任意です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Most retail policies pay fixed benefits, not your actual bill.","Public high-cost protection already limits eligible cost-sharing monthly.","Compare hospitalization days, surgery definitions, and renewal — not a daily amount alone.","Small predictable gaps can be cheaper to self-fund from savings."],"ja":["多くの商品は実際の請求額ではなく定額を支払います。","公的な高額療養費が対象自己負担を月単位で既に抑えます。","日額だけでなく入院日数・手術の定義・更新を比較します。","小さく予測可能な不足は貯蓄で賄う方が安いことがあります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"need","heading":{"en":"Test the residual gap","ja":"残余の不足を検証"},"body":{"en":["Model several calendar months of the public ceiling, add uncovered room and meal charges and realistic lost income, then subtract sickness allowance, paid leave, and savings. Buy only if the policy materially closes the remaining gap."],"ja":["公的上限を複数の暦月で試算し、対象外の室料・食費と現実的な収入減を足し、傷病手当金・有給・貯蓄を差し引きます。残る不足を実質的に埋める場合にのみ購入します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mhlw-high-cost","kyoukaikenpo-sickness","fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["medical-insurance-decision-japan","what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask the public insurer for a benefit estimate and an independent professional to interpret exclusions."],"ja":["公的保険者へ給付見込みを確認し、免責の解釈は独立した専門家へ相談してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"cancer-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Cancer insurance","ja":"がん保険"},"summary":{"en":"Diagnosis and treatment benefits, waiting periods, recurrence, and carcinoma in situ.","ja":"診断・治療給付、待機期間、再発、上皮内がん。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Cancer insurance adds contract-defined cash for diagnosis or treatment, subject to a roughly 90-day waiting period, differing treatment definitions, recurrence intervals, and carcinoma-in-situ rules; public insurance already covers ordinary insured cancer treatment.","ja":"がん保険は診断・治療に約款所定の現金を上乗せしますが、約90日の待機期間、治療定義の違い、再発間隔、上皮内がんの扱いが適用されます。公的保険は通常の保険診療のがん治療を既に給付します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Not all cancer insurance pays the same — compare the trigger, not the name.","A diagnosis lump sum gives flexibility; treatment benefits support repeated care.","Carcinoma in situ may pay a reduced amount or nothing under some products.","The high-cost benefit already limits eligible copays for insured treatment."],"ja":["がん保険は同一ではなく、名称でなく支払事由を比較します。","診断一時金は柔軟性、治療給付は反復治療を支えます。","上皮内がんは商品により減額または不支給のことがあります。","高額療養費が保険診療の対象自己負担を既に抑えます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"design","heading":{"en":"Lump sum vs treatment design","ja":"一時金型と治療型の設計"},"body":{"en":["Decide whether you want a large diagnosis lump sum, ongoing treatment benefits, or both, and check the recurrence interval and whether outpatient treatment and advanced-treatment technical fees are included. Confirm the exact waiting-period start."],"ja":["大きな診断一時金・継続的な治療給付・その両方のどれを求めるかを決め、再発間隔と、外来治療や先進医療技術料が含まれるかを確認します。待機期間の起算点も確認します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer","mhlw-high-cost"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["private-medical-insurance-japan","exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask the insurer to confirm the treatment definition and recurrence rules in writing before applying."],"ja":["申込前に、治療の定義と再発ルールを保険会社へ書面で確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"critical-illness-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Critical-illness insurance","ja":"三大疾病・重大疾病保険"},"summary":{"en":"Cancer, stroke, and heart-attack definitions, payment triggers, and premium waivers.","ja":"がん・脳卒中・心筋梗塞の定義、支払事由、保険料払込免除。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Critical-illness cover pays a lump sum or waives premiums for defined cancer, acute myocardial infarction, stroke, and sometimes other diseases — but diagnosis alone may be insufficient; the policy’s medical definitions control.","ja":"三大疾病保険は所定のがん・急性心筋梗塞・脳卒中（場合により他疾病）に一時金支払や保険料払込免除を行いますが、診断だけでは不十分なことがあり、約款の医学的定義が優先します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Heart attack or stroke often requires surgery, specified treatment, or lasting symptoms.","Everyday meanings differ from the policy’s medical definitions.","A lump sum can fund debt reduction, leave, rehabilitation, or home changes.","Compare the trigger conditions across products carefully."],"ja":["心筋梗塞・脳卒中は手術・所定の治療・後遺症を要することが多いです。","日常的な意味と約款の医学的定義は異なります。","一時金は返済・休職・リハビリ・住宅改修に充てられます。","支払条件を商品間で丁寧に比較します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"define","heading":{"en":"Read the medical definition","ja":"医学的定義を読む"},"body":{"en":["Check exactly what triggers payment — a named diagnosis, a specified procedure, a hospitalization, or a duration of symptoms — because two products with the same name can pay very differently."],"ja":["支払の引き金が、診断名・所定の手術・入院・症状の継続のいずれかを正確に確認します。同名の商品でも支払条件は大きく異なり得ます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["cancer-insurance-japan","income-protection-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask the insurer to confirm the exact payment trigger before you rely on the cover."],"ja":["保障を当てにする前に、正確な支払事由を保険会社へ確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Relaxed underwriting and pre-existing conditions","ja":"引受基準緩和型と既往症"},"summary":{"en":"Eligibility, fewer questions, higher premiums, reduced early benefits, and when to consider it.","ja":"加入条件・簡易告知・割増・初期の給付削減・検討のタイミング。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Relaxed-underwriting policies ask fewer or broader health questions and may accept people with prior conditions, but they usually cost more, may reduce benefits in an early period, and “easy to join” does not mean every condition is covered.","ja":"引受基準緩和型は告知が少なく、既往症のある人も加入し得ますが、通常は割増で、初期の一定期間は給付が削減されることがあり、「入りやすい」はあらゆる症状が補償される意味ではありません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Try standard underwriting or insurer pre-assessment first.","Premiums are usually higher and early benefits may be halved.","Prior conditions and related complications may still be excluded.","Group cover through work can be an alternative route."],"ja":["まず標準の引受や事前査定を試します。","保険料は通常高く、初期給付が半減する場合があります。","既往症や関連合併症は依然除外され得ます。","勤務先の団体保険が代替経路になり得ます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"order","heading":{"en":"The order to try","ja":"試す順序"},"body":{"en":["Attempt standard underwriting, request pre-assessment, consider group cover, and only then compare relaxed-underwriting products — weighing the higher premium and any reduced-benefit period against a larger savings reserve."],"ja":["標準引受を試し、事前査定を依頼し、団体保険を検討し、その上で緩和型を比較します。割増や給付削減期間と、より大きな貯蓄準備を比べます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["underwriting-and-disclosure-japan","insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask an adviser to compare underwriting outcomes across insurers before defaulting to a relaxed product."],"ja":["緩和型に決める前に、各社の引受結果を比較してもらってください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Savings-type, annuity, and education insurance","ja":"貯蓄型・個人年金・学資保険"},"summary":{"en":"Protection-plus-savings designs, illustrations, liquidity, surrender risk, and alternatives.","ja":"保障＋貯蓄の設計、設計書、流動性、解約リスク、代替手段。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Savings-type life, private annuity, and education insurance combine protection with accumulation, but returns are conditional, liquidity is low, and early surrender can lose money — compare them with NISA, iDeCo, and deposits before buying.","ja":"貯蓄型生命保険・個人年金・学資保険は保障と積立を組み合わせますが、利回りは条件付き、流動性は低く、早期解約は元本割れし得ます。購入前にNISA・iDeCo・預金と比較します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Judge the guaranteed values, not only the illustrated “return rate.”","Foreign-currency designs add exchange-rate and spread risk.","Education insurance adds premium waiver but limits liquidity and growth.","Core protection and emergency savings should usually come first."],"ja":["例示の「返戻率」だけでなく保証値で判断します。","外貨建ては為替とスプレッドのリスクを加えます。","学資保険は払込免除を加えますが流動性・成長は限定的です。","通常は基本保障と緊急資金が先です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"compare","heading":{"en":"Compare before committing capital","ja":"資金を固定する前に比較"},"body":{"en":["A published illustration depends on age, premium period, surrender date, currency, and assumptions and is not a quote for you. Compare liquidity, fees, guarantees, inflation, and tax with NISA, iDeCo, and deposits before locking money into a low-liquidity contract."],"ja":["掲載の設計書は年齢・払込期間・解約時期・通貨・前提に依存し、あなたへの見積りではありません。流動性・手数料・保証・インフレ・税をNISA・iDeCo・預金と比較してから、流動性の低い契約に資金を固定します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask for the guaranteed values and compare with tax-advantaged investing before signing."],"ja":["契約前に保証値を確認し、税制優遇のある投資と比較してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"car-insurance-coverage-builder-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"How to build car insurance coverage","ja":"自動車保険の組み立て方"},"summary":{"en":"Liability, personal injury, vehicle damage, driver scope, deductibles, legal, and roadside.","ja":"賠償・搭乗者・車両・運転者範囲・免責・弁護士費用・ロードサービス。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A robust voluntary auto design normally sets third-party bodily-injury and property liability to unlimited, adds personal-injury protection and legal expense, then chooses vehicle-damage cover and driver scope to fit the car and household.","ja":"堅実な任意自動車保険は通常、対人・対物賠償を無制限にし、搭乗者傷害と弁護士費用を加え、その上で車両損害と運転者範囲を車と家族に合わせて選びます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["CALI alone is not adequate — it covers only limited victim bodily injury.","Set third-party liability unlimited; severe liability can exceed any cap.","Choose vehicle-damage cover by car value and ability to replace it.","Driver scope, age conditions, and commercial use must match reality."],"ja":["自賠責だけでは不十分で、被害者の対人損害のみを限定的に補償します。","対人・対物は無制限にします。重大な賠償は上限を超え得ます。","車両保険は車の価値と買い替え力で選びます。","運転者範囲・年齢条件・業務使用を実態に合わせます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"build","heading":{"en":"Build from the gaps, not the price","ja":"価格でなく不足から組む"},"body":{"en":["Start with liability above CALI limits, then add personal injury for occupants, choose vehicle damage by value and deductible, add legal expense because fault disputes can exceed insurer negotiation, and confirm who will drive and any commuting or delivery use."],"ja":["自賠責を超える賠償から始め、搭乗者の傷害を加え、価値と免責で車両損害を選び、過失争いは交渉を超え得るため弁護士費用を加え、運転者と通勤・配達使用を確認します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mlit-cali","sonpo-auto"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["auto-insurance-japan","insurance-single-employee-20s-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Confirm the compulsory policy is valid before driving; disclose commercial use to the insurer."],"ja":["運転前に自賠責の有効性を確認し、業務使用は保険会社へ告知してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"bicycle-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Bicycle insurance","ja":"自転車保険"},"summary":{"en":"Liability, own injury, legal support, municipal requirements, and duplicate coverage.","ja":"賠償・自己の傷害・弁護士費用・自治体の義務・重複補償。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Bicycle insurance usually provides personal liability for injury or property damage caused while cycling; Tokyo and many other jurisdictions require applicable cyclists to hold liability cover, but you may already have it through auto, fire, card, or cooperative policies.","ja":"自転車保険は通常、走行中に他人へ与えた傷害・物損の個人賠償を提供します。東京都をはじめ多くの自治体が対象の自転車利用者に賠償保険の加入を義務付けていますが、自動車・火災・カード・共済で既に付いている場合があります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Liability is the core need — a child’s accident can cause large claims.","Tokyo and many prefectures mandate bicycle liability cover.","Check auto, fire, renter, card, and cooperative personal-liability riders first.","Own-injury, legal expense, and roadside service are optional add-ons."],"ja":["中心の必要は賠償で、子どもの事故が高額請求になり得ます。","東京都や多くの都道府県が自転車の賠償保険を義務化しています。","まず自動車・火災・借家・カード・共済の個人賠償を確認します。","自己の傷害・弁護士費用・ロードサービスは任意の上乗せです。"]},"sections":[{"id":"dup","heading":{"en":"Avoid paying twice","ja":"二重加入を避ける"},"body":{"en":["Before buying a standalone bicycle policy, check whether a household personal-liability rider on your auto, fire, renter, card, employer, school, or cooperative cover already satisfies the local requirement."],"ja":["単体の自転車保険を買う前に、自動車・火災・借家・カード・勤務先・学校・共済の世帯個人賠償特約が既に自治体の要件を満たしていないか確認します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["tokyo-bicycle","giaj"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["personal-liability-insurance-japan","duplicate-coverage-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Check your prefecture’s ordinance and your existing personal-liability riders before enrolling."],"ja":["加入前に、居住地の条例と既存の個人賠償特約を確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"personal-liability-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Personal liability insurance","ja":"個人賠償責任保険"},"summary":{"en":"Household coverage for bicycles, children, pets, water damage, and exclusions.","ja":"自転車・子ども・ペット・漏水などの世帯補償と免責。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Personal liability covers legal liability arising from daily life — a child breaking property, a cycling accident, or certain water-leak claims — and one household policy or rider is often enough for the whole family.","ja":"個人賠償責任は、子どもの破損・自転車事故・一部の漏水など日常生活の法律上の賠償を補償し、世帯で1契約・1特約あれば家族全員に足りることが多いです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["One household policy usually covers all family members.","It is commonly attached as a cheap rider to auto, fire, or card cover.","Business activities, professional liability, and intentional acts are excluded.","Confirm the household definition and any liability to household members."],"ja":["1つの世帯契約で通常家族全員を補償します。","自動車・火災・カードに安価な特約として付くことが多いです。","業務・専門職賠償・故意は除外されます。","同居家族の定義と、家族間賠償の扱いを確認します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"scope","heading":{"en":"One rider, whole household","ja":"1特約で世帯全体"},"body":{"en":["Because personal-liability riders are cheap and broad, most families need only one — but confirm the household definition, the limit, whether legal support is included, and that it covers bicycle and pet-related liability."],"ja":["個人賠償特約は安価で広いため、多くの家族に1つで足ります。ただし同居家族の定義・限度額・弁護士費用の有無・自転車やペット関連賠償の補償を確認します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["giaj"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["bicycle-insurance-japan","duplicate-coverage-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask each insurer where you hold cover whether a personal-liability rider is already included."],"ja":["加入中の各保険で、個人賠償特約が既に含まれているか確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"fire-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Fire insurance","ja":"火災保険"},"summary":{"en":"Covered events, optional modules, exclusions, deductibles, and valuation.","ja":"補償対象・任意補償・免責事由・免責金額・評価。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Fire insurance covers selected risks such as fire, lightning, wind, and water damage, but flood, accidental damage, and earthquake are separate modules — and earthquake-caused fire is not covered by fire insurance alone.","ja":"火災保険は火災・落雷・風災・水濡れなど選んだ危険を補償しますが、水災・破損・地震は別補償で、地震による火災は火災保険だけでは補償されません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Coverage is modular — flood and accidental damage may be excluded by default.","Insure the building at rebuilding cost, not land or resale value.","Contents cover should reflect current replacement value by room.","Earthquake loss requires a separate earthquake endorsement."],"ja":["補償はモジュール式で、水災・破損は初期設定で外れることがあります。","建物は土地や売却価値でなく再調達価額で保険を付けます。","家財は部屋ごとの現在の再調達価額を反映させます。","地震損害には別途、地震保険の付帯が必要です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"modules","heading":{"en":"Choose modules to your hazard","ja":"災害に合わせて補償を選ぶ"},"body":{"en":["Check flood, storm-surge, landslide, and river risk on the hazard map and decide whether to include flood and accidental damage. Confirm deductibles and how the building and contents are valued before comparing price."],"ja":["ハザードマップで水災・高潮・土砂・河川リスクを確認し、水災や破損を含めるか判断します。価格比較の前に免責金額と建物・家財の評価方法を確認します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["sonpo-earthquake","mlit-hazard-map"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["home-earthquake-insurance-japan","fire-vs-earthquake-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask the insurer to confirm which perils are included and how valuation and deductibles work."],"ja":["どの危険が含まれるか、評価と免責の仕組みを保険会社へ確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"earthquake-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Earthquake insurance","ja":"地震保険"},"summary":{"en":"Attachment to fire policies, insured amounts, damage categories, and the public-private structure.","ja":"火災保険への付帯・保険金額・損害区分・官民の仕組み。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Earthquake insurance is a government-backed cover attached to fire insurance; it is capped at 30%–50% of the fire amount (up to ¥50 million for a building and ¥10 million for contents) and pays by statutory damage categories, so it supports recovery rather than full rebuilding.","ja":"地震保険は火災保険に付帯する官民の保険で、火災保険金額の30〜50%（建物5,000万円・家財1,000万円が上限）に制限され、法定の損害区分で支払われるため、全額再建ではなく生活再建を支えます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["It cannot be bought alone — it attaches to a fire policy.","Fire insurance does not cover earthquake-caused fire; this does.","The amount is limited relative to the fire-insurance amount.","Claims use statutory loss categories, not full repair-cost adjustment."],"ja":["単独では加入できず、火災保険に付帯します。","火災保険は地震による火災を補償せず、地震保険が補います。","保険金額は火災保険金額に対して制限されます。","請求は全額修理費でなく法定の損害区分で判定します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"purpose","heading":{"en":"What it is designed to do","ja":"制度の目的"},"body":{"en":["Earthquake insurance is financial-relief insurance for restarting life after a quake, eruption, or tsunami — not a guarantee of full reconstruction. A municipal disaster certificate is generally not required merely to file the claim."],"ja":["地震保険は、地震・噴火・津波の後に生活を再建するための生活再建の保険であり、完全な再建を保証するものではありません。請求のためだけに罹災証明が必要になることは通常ありません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mof-earthquake-insurance","sonpo-earthquake","jer-earthquake"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["fire-insurance-japan","fire-vs-earthquake-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Contact your fire insurer first after a quake; do not pay a large contingency fee to a disaster-claim consultant."],"ja":["地震後はまず火災保険会社へ連絡し、災害保険金請求の代行業者へ高額な成功報酬を払わないでください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"renter-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Renter insurance","ja":"賃貸住宅の保険"},"summary":{"en":"Contents, tenant liability, personal liability, restoration, and landlord requirements.","ja":"家財・借家人賠償・個人賠償・原状回復・貸主の要件。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Renter insurance combines contents cover, tenant liability to the landlord, and personal liability; most tenancies require it, and you should verify the landlord-required limits and avoid duplicating a personal-liability rider you already hold.","ja":"賃貸の保険は家財補償・貸主への借家人賠償・個人賠償を組み合わせます。多くの賃貸契約で必須で、貸主が求める限度額を確認し、既に持つ個人賠償特約との重複を避けます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Contents cover alone does not pay for damage to the landlord’s building.","Tenant liability addresses specified damage owed under the tenancy.","Personal liability covers everyday third-party claims like water leaks.","Earthquake contents can be added via an endorsement."],"ja":["家財補償だけでは貸主の建物の損害は支払われません。","借家人賠償は賃貸契約上の所定の損害に対応します。","個人賠償は漏水など日常の対人・対物賠償を補償します。","家財の地震補償は特約で追加できます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"three","heading":{"en":"Three covers, not one","ja":"1つでなく3つの補償"},"body":{"en":["Separate contents (your belongings), tenant liability (damage you owe the landlord), and personal liability (harm to others). Confirm the landlord’s required limit and whether an existing personal-liability rider makes part of the package redundant."],"ja":["家財（自分の持ち物）・借家人賠償（貸主に負う損害）・個人賠償（他人への損害）を分けて考えます。貸主の必要限度額と、既存の個人賠償特約で一部が不要にならないかを確認します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["giaj"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["insurance-renters-japan","personal-liability-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask the landlord or agent for the required liability limit and compare it before renewing the standard offer."],"ja":["必要な賠償限度額を貸主・仲介へ確認し、標準の提案を更新する前に比較してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"travel-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Travel insurance","ja":"旅行保険"},"summary":{"en":"Medical, evacuation, cancellation, liability, baggage, delays, and assistance.","ja":"治療・救援・取消・賠償・携行品・遅延・アシスタンス。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Travel insurance covers overseas medical treatment, emergency evacuation, cancellation, liability, and baggage; choose limits by destination and risk — high foreign medical and evacuation costs can be catastrophic, so do not rely on card cover unless verified.","ja":"旅行保険は海外での治療・緊急移送・取消・賠償・携行品を補償します。限度は渡航先とリスクで選びます。海外の高額な治療・移送費は破滅的になり得るため、確認しない限りカード付帯に頼らないでください。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Medical and evacuation limits matter most in high-cost destinations.","Pre-existing conditions and routine pregnancy are usually excluded.","Cancellation requires a listed insured reason, not a change of mind.","Card travel cover may be secondary, limited, or usage-triggered."],"ja":["高額な渡航先ほど治療・移送の限度が最重要です。","既往症や通常の妊娠は通常除外されます。","取消は所定の事由が必要で、気変わりは対象外です。","カード付帯は補完的・限定的・利用条件付きのことがあります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"limits","heading":{"en":"Pick limits by destination","ja":"渡航先で限度を選ぶ"},"body":{"en":["A ¥3 million medical limit may be inadequate where care is expensive or evacuation is needed. Match limits to the destination and activities, and treat card insurance as a supplement to verify before each trip, not a substitute."],"ja":["治療費300万円の限度は、医療が高額な地域や移送が必要な場合に不足し得ます。限度を渡航先と活動に合わせ、カード保険は毎回確認する補完と考え、代替にしないでください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["giaj"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["credit-card-travel-insurance-japan","travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Verify medical, evacuation, and cancellation limits against your destination before you buy or travel."],"ja":["購入・出発前に、治療・移送・取消の限度を渡航先に照らして確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"credit-card-travel-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Credit-card travel insurance","ja":"クレジットカード付帯の旅行保険"},"summary":{"en":"Automatic vs usage-triggered coverage, medical limits, activation, and family coverage.","ja":"自動付帯と利用付帯、治療限度、適用条件、家族補償。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Card travel insurance may be automatic or usage-triggered, cover only the cardholder, impose low medical limits, and omit cancellation; verify the current certificate before every trip because issuers change activation rules and limits independently of your plans.","ja":"カード付帯の旅行保険は自動付帯か利用付帯かが分かれ、本人のみ・低い治療限度・取消なしのことがあります。発行会社は旅程と無関係に適用条件や限度を変えるため、毎回、最新の付帯条件を確認します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Usage-triggered cover applies only if a qualifying travel cost is paid with the card.","Medical limits can be far lower than a standalone travel policy.","Family members may not be covered — check the certificate.","Benefits can change: verify before each trip, not at card issuance."],"ja":["利用付帯は、対象の旅行費用をそのカードで支払った場合のみ適用されます。","治療限度は単体の旅行保険よりはるかに低いことがあります。","家族は対象外のことがあり、付帯条件で確認します。","内容は変わり得るため、発行時でなく毎回出発前に確認します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"verify","heading":{"en":"Read the certificate before each trip","ja":"毎回、付帯条件を読む"},"body":{"en":["Check activation (which purchase triggers cover), insured persons, trip-duration limit, overseas medical and evacuation limits, and whether cancellation is included. Where card limits are low, buy a standalone policy for the gap."],"ja":["適用条件（どの支払で有効になるか）、被保険者、旅行日数、海外治療・移送の限度、取消の有無を確認します。カードの限度が低い場合は、不足分を単体保険で補います。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["giaj"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["travel-insurance-japan","travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Confirm activation rules and current limits on the card’s official certificate before departure."],"ja":["出発前に、カード公式の付帯条件と最新の限度を確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"pet-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Pet insurance","ja":"ペット保険"},"summary":{"en":"Reimbursement, limits, deductibles, age, waiting periods, and exclusions.","ja":"補償割合・限度・免責・年齢・待機期間・除外。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Pet insurance reimburses eligible veterinary costs at a set percentage (commonly 50% or 70%), subject to entry-age limits, illness and cancer waiting periods, annual and daily limits, deductibles, and exclusion of pre-existing conditions.","ja":"ペット保険は対象の動物病院費用を一定割合（一般に50%か70%）で補償し、加入年齢制限・病気やがんの待機期間・年間や日額の限度・免責・既往症の除外が適用されます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Enroll before conditions develop — pre-existing illness is excluded.","Compare reimbursement %, annual and daily limits, and deductibles together.","Waiting periods (often 30 days illness, 90 days cancer) vary by insurer.","Direct veterinary settlement is convenient but not universal."],"ja":["病気になる前に加入します。既往症は除外されます。","補償割合・年間や日額の限度・免責をまとめて比較します。","待機期間（病気30日・がん90日が多い）は会社で異なります。","動物病院での直接精算は便利ですが全社ではありません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"choose","heading":{"en":"50% vs 70% and the fine print","ja":"50%か70%か、細部を読む"},"body":{"en":["A 70% plan is not automatically better than 50%: weigh the premium, deductible, annual limit, age-based repricing, covered conditions, and claim frequency. Compare pet insurance against a dedicated veterinary savings reserve."],"ja":["70%が50%より必ず良いとは限りません。保険料・免責・年間限度・年齢での再算定・対象疾患・請求頻度を総合します。ペット保険を専用の治療費積立と比較します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["giaj"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan","insurance-pet-owners-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Read each insurer’s condition-specific exclusions and annual sublimits before enrolling."],"ja":["加入前に、各社の疾患別除外と年間の内枠限度を確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"device-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Smartphone and device insurance","ja":"スマホ・端末保険"},"summary":{"en":"Damage, malfunction, water, theft, loss, deductibles, and duplicate coverage.","ja":"破損・故障・水濡れ・盗難・紛失・免責・重複。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Device insurance repairs or replaces a phone after accidental damage, malfunction, water damage, or theft depending on the plan; “loss” is only covered if expressly included, and manufacturer, carrier, card, or home cover may already overlap.","ja":"端末保険はプランに応じ、破損・故障・水濡れ・盗難後の修理・交換を補償します。「紛失」は明記された場合のみ対象で、メーカー・キャリア・カード・住宅保険と重複することがあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Many plans distinguish documented theft from unexplained loss.","Deductibles, device age, and replacement valuation limit the payout.","Carrier, card, and home policies may already cover theft or damage.","Cosmetic damage, batteries, and accessories are often excluded."],"ja":["多くのプランは、証明ある盗難と原因不明の紛失を区別します。","免責・端末の古さ・交換評価が支払を制限します。","キャリア・カード・住宅保険が既に盗難・破損を補償することがあります。","外観の傷・バッテリー・付属品は除外されがちです。"]},"sections":[{"id":"dup","heading":{"en":"Check for overlap first","ja":"まず重複を確認"},"body":{"en":["Before buying device insurance, check whether your carrier plan, credit-card purchase protection, or home-contents policy already covers accidental damage or theft, and confirm exactly what “loss” means in the plan."],"ja":["端末保険を買う前に、キャリアのプラン・カードの購入保険・住宅家財保険が既に破損や盗難を補償していないか確認し、プランの「紛失」の定義を正確に確認します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["giaj"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["duplicate-coverage-japan","how-insurance-works-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask your carrier and card issuer what device protection you already have before adding a separate policy."],"ja":["別契約を追加する前に、キャリアとカード会社に既存の端末補償を確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"freelancer-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Insurance for freelancers","ja":"フリーランスの保険"},"summary":{"en":"Income, liability, cyber, equipment, workers’ compensation, and business interruption.","ja":"所得・賠償・サイバー・機材・労災特別加入・休業。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Freelancers lack employer sickness allowance, paid leave, unemployment insurance, and ordinary workers’ compensation, so they usually need a larger emergency fund plus income protection, professional liability, and — since 2024 — special workers’ compensation enrollment where eligible.","ja":"フリーランスは傷病手当金・有給・雇用保険・通常の労災がないため、通常はより大きな緊急資金に加え、所得補償・専門職賠償、そして2024年以降は対象なら労災の特別加入が必要になります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["No employer sickness allowance — the short-term income gap is larger.","Since 2024, qualifying freelance work can join workers’ compensation via approved bodies.","Professional liability, cyber, and equipment cover fit client and data risk.","A larger emergency fund often beats stacking small policies."],"ja":["傷病手当金がなく、短期の収入不足が大きくなります。","2024年以降、対象業務は承認団体を通じ労災に特別加入できます。","専門職賠償・サイバー・機材補償が顧客・データのリスクに合います。","小さな保険の積み増しより、大きな緊急資金が有利なことが多いです。"]},"sections":[{"id":"layer","heading":{"en":"Layer public, savings, then private","ja":"公的・貯蓄・民間の順に重ねる"},"body":{"en":["Confirm NHI, National Pension, and high-cost medical cover, size an emergency fund for the sickness-income gap, investigate special workers’ compensation enrollment, then add income protection, professional liability, cyber, and business-interruption cover as the work requires."],"ja":["国保・国民年金・高額療養費を確認し、療養収入の不足に緊急資金を用意し、労災の特別加入を検討し、その上で業務に応じて所得補償・専門職賠償・サイバー・休業補償を加えます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["nichii-nhi","mhlw-freelance-rousai","fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["insurance-freelancers-japan","income-protection-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["occupation","client contracts","income stability","data exposure"],"ja":["職種","取引先契約","収入の安定","データ管理"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask an approved special-enrollment body about workers’ compensation eligibility for your work."],"ja":["自分の業務が労災の特別加入の対象かを、承認団体へ確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"small-business-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Insurance for small businesses","ja":"小規模事業者の保険"},"summary":{"en":"Property, liability, cyber, interruption, employee, key-person, and directors’ cover.","ja":"財物・賠償・サイバー・休業・従業員・経営者・役員賠償。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A small business should first meet statutory employee obligations, then insure catastrophic liability, premises and property, business continuity, cyber and data, and key people — matching cover to industry, turnover, contracts, and data exposure.","ja":"小規模事業者はまず従業員の法定義務を満たし、次に巨大賠償・店舗と財物・事業継続・サイバーとデータ・重要人物を保険にします。補償は業種・売上・契約・データ管理に合わせます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Statutory employee schemes come before optional commercial cover.","Catastrophic third-party and product liability rank high.","Cyber, business interruption, and key-person cover fit continuity risk.","Cover must match contracts customers and lenders require."],"ja":["任意の企業保険より、従業員の法定制度が先です。","巨額の対人・製造物賠償は優先度が高いです。","サイバー・休業・経営者保険が継続リスクに合います。","顧客・金融機関が契約上求める補償に合わせます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"order","heading":{"en":"Insure in priority order","ja":"優先順位で保険を付ける"},"body":{"en":["Cover statutory employee obligations, then catastrophic liability, premises and property, business continuity, cyber and data, key people, and finally risks required by customer contracts or lenders. A broker helps for bespoke or multinational exposure."],"ja":["従業員の法定義務、巨大賠償、店舗・財物、事業継続、サイバー・データ、重要人物、最後に顧客契約や融資が求めるリスクの順に補償します。特殊・多国籍のリスクには保険ブローカーが役立ちます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["giaj","fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["freelancer-insurance-japan","mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Use a licensed broker for commercial, professional, or multinational risks that packaged products do not fit."],"ja":["パッケージ商品に合わない企業・専門職・多国籍リスクは、免許を持つブローカーへ相談してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"duplicate-coverage-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Finding and removing duplicate insurance","ja":"重複保険の見つけ方と解消"},"summary":{"en":"Repeated liability, bicycle, travel, device, employer, and card coverage.","ja":"個人賠償・自転車・旅行・端末・勤務先・カード補償の重複。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Personal-liability, bicycle, travel, and device coverage are frequently duplicated across auto, fire, card, employer, and cooperative policies; a quick inventory can cancel redundant riders without losing real protection.","ja":"個人賠償・自転車・旅行・端末補償は、自動車・火災・カード・勤務先・共済で重複しがちです。棚卸しをすれば、実際の保障を失わずに不要な特約を解約できます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Personal-liability riders are the most commonly duplicated cover.","Card and employer benefits often overlap travel and device cover.","Duplication rarely pays twice — it usually just wastes premium.","Keep one adequate policy per risk and cancel the rest."],"ja":["個人賠償特約は最も重複しやすい補償です。","カード・勤務先給付は旅行・端末補償と重なりがちです。","重複しても通常は二重に支払われず、保険料の無駄になります。","リスクごとに十分な1契約を残し、残りは解約します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"inventory","heading":{"en":"Make a one-page inventory","ja":"1枚の棚卸し表"},"body":{"en":["List every policy, rider, card benefit, and employer or cooperative cover against the risk it addresses. Where two cover the same liability, keep the one with the better limit and terms and cancel the duplicate."],"ja":["すべての契約・特約・カード付帯・勤務先や共済の補償を、対応するリスクごとに一覧にします。同じ賠償を2つが補償する場合、限度と条件の良い方を残し、重複を解約します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["giaj","fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["annual-insurance-review-japan","personal-liability-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Confirm with each insurer whether a rider is already included before buying a standalone version."],"ja":["単体版を買う前に、特約が既に含まれるかを各社へ確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"term-vs-whole-life-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Term life vs whole life","ja":"定期保険と終身保険の比較"},"summary":{"en":"Purpose, premium, renewal, cash value, and cost over time for each design.","ja":"目的・保険料・更新・解約返戻金・長期コストの比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Term costs less for a temporary income need and usually has no cash value; whole life costs more but continues for life and may build surrender value — most households use large term for dependent years plus a small permanent policy only if a lifelong need exists.","ja":"定期は一時的な収入の必要に安く通常は解約返戻金がなく、終身は高いが一生涯続き解約返戻金を持ち得ます。多くの家庭は扶養期間に大きな定期を、生涯続く必要がある場合のみ小さな終身を組み合わせます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Term: low premium, fixed period, little cash value, age-based renewal.","Whole life: higher premium, lifelong, possible surrender value.","The cheapest first-year premium can be the costliest over time.","Large term + small permanent is a common efficient structure."],"ja":["定期：低保険料・一定期間・返戻金わずか・年齢更新。","終身：高保険料・一生涯・解約返戻金あり得る。","初年度が最安でも長期で最も高くなり得ます。","大きな定期＋小さな終身が効率的な定番構成です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"cost","heading":{"en":"Compare cost over the whole horizon","ja":"全期間のコストで比較"},"body":{"en":["Do not compare only the first-year premium. Model the total cost over the period you actually need cover, including renewal repricing for term and the guaranteed surrender value for whole life, and match each to a temporary or permanent need."],"ja":["初年度保険料だけで比べません。実際に保障が必要な期間の総コストを、定期は更新時の再算定、終身は保証解約返戻金を含めて試算し、一時的か生涯かの必要に合わせます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["term-life-insurance-japan","whole-life-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask for both the term renewal schedule and the whole-life guaranteed surrender values before choosing."],"ja":["選ぶ前に、定期の更新表と終身の保証解約返戻金を取り寄せてください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"fire-vs-earthquake-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Fire insurance vs earthquake insurance","ja":"火災保険と地震保険の比較"},"summary":{"en":"Trigger events, limits, earthquake fire, tsunami, and rebuilding gaps.","ja":"支払事由・限度・地震火災・津波・再建の不足。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Fire insurance covers fire and selected perils but not earthquake-caused fire; earthquake insurance attaches to a fire policy, is capped at 30%–50% of the fire amount, and pays by statutory damage categories — together they still may not fully rebuild a home.","ja":"火災保険は火災と選んだ危険を補償しますが地震による火災は対象外です。地震保険は火災保険に付帯し火災保険金額の30〜50%が上限で、法定の損害区分で支払われます。両者でも住宅を全額再建できない場合があります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Fire insurance does not cover earthquake, eruption, or tsunami loss.","Earthquake fire needs earthquake insurance, not fire insurance.","Earthquake amounts are capped relative to the fire amount.","Neither guarantees full reconstruction after a major event."],"ja":["火災保険は地震・噴火・津波の損害を補償しません。","地震による火災には火災保険でなく地震保険が必要です。","地震保険金額は火災保険金額に対して上限があります。","いずれも大規模災害後の全額再建を保証しません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"both","heading":{"en":"Why you usually need both","ja":"通常は両方必要な理由"},"body":{"en":["Fire insurance handles everyday property perils; earthquake insurance handles the seismic loss fire policies exclude. Decide the earthquake amount, understand the statutory damage grades, and plan savings for the reconstruction gap the caps leave."],"ja":["火災保険は日常の財物危険、地震保険は火災保険が除外する地震損害を扱います。地震保険金額を決め、法定の損害区分を理解し、上限が残す再建の不足に備えて貯蓄を計画します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mof-earthquake-insurance","sonpo-earthquake"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["fire-insurance-japan","earthquake-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask your insurer how the earthquake amount and damage grades apply to your building and contents."],"ja":["地震保険金額と損害区分が自分の建物・家財にどう適用されるか保険会社へ確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Travel insurance vs credit-card insurance","ja":"旅行保険とカード付帯保険の比較"},"summary":{"en":"Activation, limits, duration, family coverage, cancellation, and gaps.","ja":"適用条件・限度・期間・家族・取消・不足。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Standalone travel insurance offers higher, predictable medical and evacuation limits and cancellation cover; card insurance is convenient but may be usage-triggered, cardholder-only, capped low, and changeable — use card cover as a supplement you verify each trip.","ja":"単体の旅行保険は高く予測可能な治療・移送限度と取消補償を提供します。カード保険は便利ですが利用付帯・本人のみ・低限度・変更ありのことがあり、毎回確認する補完として使います。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Standalone policies usually have higher medical and evacuation limits.","Card cover may require a qualifying purchase to activate.","Family members and cancellation may be missing from card cover.","Card benefits change — verify the certificate before each trip."],"ja":["単体保険は通常、治療・移送の限度が高いです。","カード補償は対象の支払で有効になる場合があります。","家族補償や取消がカードにはないことがあります。","カード内容は変わるため、毎回付帯条件を確認します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"combine","heading":{"en":"Use both, but verify","ja":"併用しつつ確認"},"body":{"en":["Check the card certificate for activation, insured persons, and limits, then buy a standalone policy for the gap — especially medical, evacuation, and cancellation in high-cost destinations."],"ja":["カードの付帯条件・被保険者・限度を確認し、不足を単体保険で補います。特に高額な渡航先の治療・移送・取消を重視します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["giaj"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["travel-insurance-japan","credit-card-travel-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Compare the card certificate limits against your destination before relying on them."],"ja":["当てにする前に、カードの付帯限度を渡航先と比較してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Savings insurance vs NISA","ja":"貯蓄型保険とNISAの比較"},"summary":{"en":"Liquidity, guarantees, investment risk, tax treatment, and death protection.","ja":"流動性・保証・投資リスク・税制・死亡保障。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Savings insurance bundles modest death protection with low-liquidity accumulation and surrender risk; NISA offers flexible, tax-free investment growth without protection — for most people, separating cheap term life from NISA investing is clearer and cheaper.","ja":"貯蓄型保険は控えめな死亡保障と流動性の低い積立・解約リスクを組み合わせ、NISAは保障なしで柔軟な非課税の投資成長を提供します。多くの人には、安い定期保険とNISA投資を分ける方が明快で安価です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["NISA gains are tax-free and the money stays liquid.","Savings insurance can lose money on early surrender.","Insurance adds death protection; NISA does not.","Separating term life from investing is usually more transparent."],"ja":["NISAの利益は非課税で、資金は流動的です。","貯蓄型保険は早期解約で元本割れし得ます。","保険は死亡保障を加え、NISAにはありません。","定期保険と投資を分ける方が通常は透明です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"separate","heading":{"en":"Protection and growth are different jobs","ja":"保障と成長は別の役割"},"body":{"en":["Compare guaranteed values, fees, liquidity, and tax. If you need death cover, buy term life; if you want growth, invest through NISA or iDeCo. Bundle them only for a narrow, well-understood guarantee or estate objective."],"ja":["保証値・手数料・流動性・税を比較します。死亡保障が必要なら定期を、成長を求めるならNISAやiDeCoで運用します。束ねるのは、明確な保証や相続目的の限られた場合だけにします。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan","cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Compare the guaranteed insurance values with tax-free NISA projections before locking in a savings policy."],"ja":["貯蓄型保険を固定する前に、保証値と非課税NISAの試算を比較してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Buying direct vs through an agent","ja":"直販と代理店の比較"},"summary":{"en":"Pricing, advice, servicing, claims, and complexity across channels.","ja":"価格・助言・契約管理・請求・複雑さの比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Direct online insurers suit straightforward term, auto, travel, pet, or medical needs and confident Japanese readers; agents and multi-insurer agencies help with medical underwriting, family protection, and complex planning — but their product set and incentives should be checked.","ja":"直販のネット保険は分かりやすい定期・自動車・旅行・ペット・医療や日本語に自信のある人に向き、代理店や乗合代理店は医療の告知・家族保障・複雑な設計に役立ちますが、取扱範囲と報酬の仕組みを確認します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Direct: fast quotes, transparent options, but limited human advice.","Single-insurer agent: deep service, restricted product set.","Multi-insurer agency: compares outcomes, but not the whole market.","Ask which insurers are represented and how commissions work."],"ja":["直販：見積りが速く選択肢が明確だが人的助言は限定的。","専属代理店：手厚いが取扱商品が限られる。","乗合代理店：比較できるが全市場ではない。","取扱各社と手数料の仕組みを確認します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"fit","heading":{"en":"Match the channel to the decision","ja":"判断に合う経路を選ぶ"},"body":{"en":["Use direct channels for simple, well-defined cover you can compare yourself. Use an agency for medical underwriting, family protection, or estate planning — and ask for a written comparison and the basis of any recommendation."],"ja":["自分で比較できる単純で明確な保障は直販を使います。医療の告知・家族保障・相続設計は代理店を使い、書面の比較と推奨の根拠を求めます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask any agency which insurers it represents and how it is compensated before acting on advice."],"ja":["助言に従う前に、代理店の取扱各社と報酬の仕組みを確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Mutual aid (kyosai) vs commercial insurance","ja":"共済と民間保険の比較"},"summary":{"en":"Eligibility, premiums, benefits, continuation, regulation, and protection.","ja":"加入資格・掛金・給付・継続・規制・保護。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Mutual aid (JA, CO-OP, Kokumin, prefectural kyosai) often offers simple, lower-cost benefits but with lower ceilings and different regulation; a cooperative benefit is not automatically interchangeable with an insurance-company policy, so compare eligibility, ceilings, continuation, and the protection framework.","ja":"共済（JA・生協・こくみん・都道府県民共済）は簡素で割安な給付が多い一方、上限が低く規制も異なります。共済は民間保険と自動的に同等ではないため、加入資格・上限・継続・保護制度を比較します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Kyosai benefits and maximums can be lower than customized insurance.","Eligibility may depend on residence, workplace, or cooperative membership.","Continuation after leaving the group must be checked.","Cooperative contracts are not automatically under the standard policyholder-protection corporation."],"ja":["共済の給付・上限は個別設計の保険より低いことがあります。","加入資格は居住地・勤務先・組合員資格に依存し得ます。","脱退後の継続を確認する必要があります。","共済契約は標準の保険契約者保護機構の対象とは限りません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"compare","heading":{"en":"Compare governance and ceilings","ja":"運営と上限を比較"},"body":{"en":["Compare governance, eligibility, surplus treatment, benefit ceilings, continuation rules, and the applicable protection framework. Kyosai can be excellent value for simple needs, but a larger or specialized risk may exceed its ceilings."],"ja":["運営・加入資格・剰余金の扱い・給付上限・継続ルール・適用される保護制度を比較します。共済は単純な必要には割安ですが、大きな・特殊なリスクは上限を超え得ます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["giaj","fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan","over-and-under-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask the kyosai about ceilings, continuation, and the protection framework before relying on it for a large risk."],"ja":["大きなリスクを任せる前に、上限・継続・保護制度を共済へ確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Pet insurance vs a veterinary savings fund","ja":"ペット保険と治療費積立の比較"},"summary":{"en":"Predictable premiums, exclusions, age-based increases, and catastrophic treatment.","ja":"予測可能な保険料・除外・年齢での上昇・高額治療。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Pet insurance turns unpredictable veterinary bills into a premium but excludes pre-existing conditions and reprices with age; a dedicated savings fund is flexible and unconditional but may be exhausted by a single major surgery or cancer treatment.","ja":"ペット保険は不確実な治療費を保険料に変えますが既往症を除外し年齢で高くなります。専用の積立は柔軟で条件がない一方、大きな手術やがん治療1回で尽きることがあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Insurance helps most against rare, catastrophic treatment costs.","Pre-existing conditions and preventive care are excluded from insurance.","Premiums rise with age; savings do not, but can run out.","Enroll early if you want insurance — conditions cannot be added later."],"ja":["保険はまれで高額な治療費に最も有効です。","既往症・予防的ケアは保険の対象外です。","保険料は年齢で上がり、積立は上がらないが尽き得ます。","保険を望むなら早めに加入します。後から既往症は入れられません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"decide","heading":{"en":"Frequency vs severity","ja":"頻度と重大性で判断"},"body":{"en":["If you can self-fund routine care but not a large surgery, a higher-limit plan or a substantial reserve matters more than covering small claims. Compare the annual cap, deductible, age repricing, and lifetime renewability against a dedicated fund."],"ja":["日常のケアは自己負担できても大手術は無理な場合、少額請求の補償より高限度プランや十分な積立が重要です。年間限度・免責・年齢での再算定・終身継続性を積立と比較します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["giaj"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["pet-insurance-japan","over-and-under-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Compare the plan’s annual cap and age-based premiums against a realistic veterinary reserve."],"ja":["プランの年間限度と年齢別保険料を、現実的な治療費積立と比較してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"insurance-single-employee-20s-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Insurance for a single employee in their 20s","ja":"20代の単身会社員の保険"},"summary":{"en":"Existing public benefits, emergency fund, renter, liability, and income protection.","ja":"既存の公的給付・緊急資金・借家・賠償・所得補償。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A single employee usually already has strong public protection, so the priorities are an emergency fund, renter contents and personal liability, and modest income protection; life insurance is low priority without dependants or debt.","ja":"単身の会社員は通常、公的保障が手厚いため、優先は緊急資金・借家の家財と個人賠償・控えめな所得補償です。扶養や負債がなければ生命保険の優先度は低いです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["You have health cover, high-cost benefit, sickness allowance, and pension disability protection.","Build an emergency fund before buying optional insurance.","Renter contents and personal liability are cheap and useful.","Life insurance is usually unnecessary without dependants or debt."],"ja":["健康保険・高額療養費・傷病手当金・障害年金の保障があります。","任意保険の前に緊急資金を用意します。","借家の家財と個人賠償は安価で有用です。","扶養や負債がなければ生命保険は通常不要です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"order","heading":{"en":"Priority order","ja":"優先順位"},"body":{"en":["Emergency fund first, then renter contents and personal liability, then travel insurance when relevant, then modest income protection if your savings cannot bridge the period after sickness allowance. Skip whole life and heavy medical riders."],"ja":["まず緊急資金、次に借家の家財と個人賠償、必要時の旅行保険、傷病手当金後の期間を貯蓄で埋められない場合の控えめな所得補償。終身や重い医療特約は見送ります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mhlw-health-system","kyoukaikenpo-sickness"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["income-protection-japan","insurance-renters-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Confirm your sickness-allowance and disability-pension coverage before buying private income cover."],"ja":["民間の所得補償を買う前に、傷病手当金と障害年金の保障を確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"insurance-family-with-children-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Insurance for families with children","ja":"子育て世帯の保険"},"summary":{"en":"Survivor pension, education, childcare, disability, term life, and home coverage.","ja":"遺族年金・教育・育児・障害・定期保険・住宅補償。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Families should size decreasing term or income-style death protection and disability cover against the years of lost earnings, education, and childcare after subtracting survivor pensions — then add comprehensive liability and home/earthquake cover; education insurance only after core protection.","ja":"子育て世帯は、遺族年金を差し引いた上で、収入の喪失年数・教育・育児に対して逓減定期や収入保障の死亡保障と障害保障を設計し、包括的な賠償と住宅・地震保険を加えます。学資保険は基本保障の後です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Death protection should cover income, education, childcare, and debt to independence.","Estimate survivor pensions before setting the insured amount.","Disability cover can matter as much as death cover.","Add comprehensive personal liability and home/earthquake cover."],"ja":["死亡保障は独立までの収入・教育・育児・負債を覆います。","保険金額を決める前に遺族年金を見積もります。","障害保障は死亡保障と同等に重要になり得ます。","包括的な個人賠償と住宅・地震保険を加えます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"size","heading":{"en":"Size against the real gap","ja":"実際の不足に合わせる"},"body":{"en":["Add debts, household income to independence, and education; subtract survivor pension, employer benefits, assets, and the surviving partner’s earnings. Buy education insurance only after core death, disability, liability, and home cover are in place."],"ja":["負債・独立までの家計収入・教育費を足し、遺族年金・勤務先給付・資産・配偶者収入を差し引きます。学資保険は、基本の死亡・障害・賠償・住宅補償を整えた後にのみ検討します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["jps-survivor","fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","term-life-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Get a survivor-pension estimate and confirm any mortgage credit-life cover before setting amounts."],"ja":["金額設定の前に、遺族年金の見込みと団信の有無を確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"insurance-homeowners-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Insurance for homeowners","ja":"持ち家世帯の保険"},"summary":{"en":"Mortgage life cover, rebuilding, earthquake, flood, contents, and income risk.","ja":"団信・再建・地震・水災・家財・収入リスク。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Homeowners should confirm mortgage group credit life insurance, insure the building at rebuilding cost with realistic contents, decide earthquake and flood cover from the hazard map, and protect the income needed to keep paying the loan.","ja":"持ち家世帯は団体信用生命保険を確認し、建物を再調達価額で家財も現実的に保険を付け、ハザードマップから地震・水災の要否を決め、ローン返済に必要な収入を守ります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Confirm whether the mortgage includes group credit life insurance.","Insure the building at rebuilding cost, not land or resale value.","Decide earthquake and flood cover from local hazard exposure.","Income protection keeps the loan serviceable after disability."],"ja":["住宅ローンに団信が含まれるか確認します。","建物は土地や売却価値でなく再調達価額で保険を付けます。","地震・水災は地域のハザードで判断します。","所得補償は障害後もローン返済を可能にします。"]},"sections":[{"id":"stack","heading":{"en":"Layer the property and income risks","ja":"物件と収入のリスクを重ねる"},"body":{"en":["Group credit life may clear the mortgage on death but not fund daily living. Add building and contents at realistic values, earthquake and flood where the hazard map warrants, personal liability, and income protection for disability."],"ja":["団信は死亡時にローンを完済し得ますが日常生活費は賄いません。建物・家財を現実的な金額で、ハザードに応じ地震・水災、個人賠償、障害への所得補償を加えます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mof-earthquake-insurance","mlit-hazard-map"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["home-earthquake-insurance-japan","fire-vs-earthquake-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Confirm the mortgage credit-life terms and rebuilding valuation with your lender and insurer."],"ja":["団信の条件と再建の評価を、金融機関と保険会社へ確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"insurance-renters-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Insurance for renters","ja":"賃貸世帯の保険"},"summary":{"en":"Contents, tenant liability, personal liability, bicycle, and earthquake coverage.","ja":"家財・借家人賠償・個人賠償・自転車・地震補償。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Renters mainly need contents cover, tenant liability to the landlord, and personal liability; add earthquake contents and check that a personal-liability rider is not duplicated across card or auto policies.","ja":"賃貸世帯は主に家財補償・貸主への借家人賠償・個人賠償が必要です。家財の地震補償を加え、個人賠償特約がカードや自動車保険と重複していないか確認します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Contents cover protects your belongings, not the building.","Tenant liability covers damage you owe the landlord.","Personal liability covers everyday third-party claims.","Check for duplicate personal-liability riders before buying."],"ja":["家財補償は建物でなく自分の持ち物を守ります。","借家人賠償は貸主に負う損害を補償します。","個人賠償は日常の対人・対物賠償を補償します。","購入前に個人賠償特約の重複を確認します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"package","heading":{"en":"Confirm the required limits","ja":"必要な限度を確認"},"body":{"en":["Confirm the landlord’s required tenant-liability limit, add earthquake contents if you could not replace them after a quake, and avoid paying twice for personal liability you already hold elsewhere."],"ja":["貸主が求める借家人賠償の限度を確認し、地震後に買い直せない家財があれば地震補償を加え、他で持つ個人賠償の二重加入を避けます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["giaj"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["renter-insurance-japan","personal-liability-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask the landlord or agent for the required liability limit and check existing riders before renewing."],"ja":["更新前に、必要な賠償限度を貸主・仲介へ確認し、既存特約を点検してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"insurance-freelancers-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Insurance for freelancers","ja":"フリーランスの保険（人物別）"},"summary":{"en":"Missing employer benefits, income protection, workers’ compensation, and professional risk.","ja":"欠ける勤務先給付・所得補償・労災特別加入・専門職リスク。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Freelancers have NHI, National Pension, and high-cost medical cover but no employer sickness allowance, paid leave, unemployment insurance, or ordinary workers’ compensation — so a larger emergency fund, income protection, special workers’ compensation, and professional/cyber cover become important.","ja":"フリーランスは国保・国民年金・高額療養費はありますが、傷病手当金・有給・雇用保険・通常の労災がないため、より大きな緊急資金・所得補償・労災特別加入・専門職やサイバー補償が重要になります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["No sickness allowance means a bigger short-term income gap.","Special workers’ compensation enrollment may be available since 2024.","Professional liability and cyber cover fit client and data risk.","A larger emergency fund is often the highest-value step."],"ja":["傷病手当金がなく短期の収入不足が大きくなります。","2024年以降、労災の特別加入が利用できる場合があります。","専門職賠償・サイバー補償が顧客・データのリスクに合います。","より大きな緊急資金が最も価値の高い一手のことが多いです。"]},"sections":[{"id":"gaps","heading":{"en":"Fill the employer-benefit gaps","ja":"勤務先給付の穴を埋める"},"body":{"en":["Map the benefits an employee would have and replace the important ones: an emergency fund for the sickness-income gap, income protection, special workers’ compensation where eligible, and professional, cyber, equipment, and business-interruption cover as the work requires."],"ja":["会社員が持つ給付を洗い出し、重要なものを補います。療養収入の不足への緊急資金、所得補償、対象なら労災特別加入、業務に応じた専門職・サイバー・機材・休業補償です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["nichii-nhi","mhlw-freelance-rousai"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["freelancer-insurance-japan","income-protection-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask an approved body about special workers’ compensation eligibility for your specific work."],"ja":["自分の業務が労災特別加入の対象かを承認団体へ確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"insurance-retirees-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Insurance for retirees","ja":"退職後・高齢期の保険"},"summary":{"en":"Public medical care, long-term care, permanent life, annuities, and fraud risk.","ja":"公的医療・介護・終身保険・年金・詐欺リスク。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Retirees have public health, high-cost benefit, pension, and long-term-care cover; the priorities are a cash reserve and care plan, home/contents/liability cover, limited permanent life only for a defined need, and scrutiny of annuity and foreign-currency sales.","ja":"高齢期は公的医療・高額療養費・年金・介護保険があります。優先は現金準備と介護計画、住宅・家財・賠償、明確な目的のための限定的な終身保険、そして年金・外貨建て販売の精査です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Long-term care, food, and housing costs are not fully covered publicly.","Permanent life only for a defined need such as estate liquidity.","Scrutinize annuity and foreign-currency products for fees and risk.","Watch for high-pressure and fraudulent sales."],"ja":["介護・食費・居住費は公的に全額は賄われません。","終身保険は相続の流動性など明確な目的にだけ。","年金・外貨建て商品は手数料とリスクを精査します。","強引・不正な販売に注意します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"care","heading":{"en":"Plan care and liquidity, not products","ja":"商品より介護と流動性を計画"},"body":{"en":["Build a cash reserve, plan for care and home adaptation, keep home/contents/liability cover, and use permanent life only for a specific inheritance or funeral need. Compare any annuity or foreign-currency proposal against deposits and public benefits first."],"ja":["現金準備を整え、介護と住宅改修を計画し、住宅・家財・賠償を維持し、終身保険は特定の相続・葬儀目的にだけ使います。年金や外貨建ての提案は、まず預金と公的給付と比較します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mhlw-ltci","fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["long-term-care-insurance-japan","savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Consult family and an independent adviser before buying annuity or foreign-currency products in later life."],"ja":["高齢期に年金・外貨建て商品を買う前に、家族と独立した専門家へ相談してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"insurance-foreign-residents-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Insurance for foreign residents","ja":"外国人居住者の保険"},"summary":{"en":"Public enrollment, language support, residency rules, beneficiaries, and departure.","ja":"公的加入・言語対応・在留ルール・受取人・出国。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Foreign residents use the same public systems when eligible; the extra risks are enrollment errors, misunderstood exclusions, inability to reach claims desks, and departure — so favor bilingual assistance, simple products, translated summaries, and written confirmation of residence and departure rules.","ja":"外国人居住者は要件を満たせば同じ公的制度を使います。追加のリスクは加入ミス・免責の誤解・請求窓口に連絡できないこと・出国です。二言語対応・簡単な商品・翻訳要約・在留と出国ルールの書面確認を重視します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["English customer service does not always mean an English contract.","Never sign a declaration you do not understand.","Confirm in writing whether a policy continues after you leave Japan.","Keep enrollment and contribution records for pension and health cover."],"ja":["英語の顧客対応が英語の契約を意味するとは限りません。","理解できない告知書に署名しないでください。","出国後も契約が続くかを書面で確認します。","年金・健康保険の加入・納付記録を保管します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"support","heading":{"en":"Comprehension and departure matter most","ja":"理解と出国が最重要"},"body":{"en":["Use an employer benefits team, municipal multilingual desk, an insurer with documented interpreter or English claims support, and a bilingual adviser. Before leaving Japan, get written answers on continuation, premium payment, notices, and claims for every policy."],"ja":["勤務先の福利厚生担当・自治体の多言語窓口・通訳や英語請求対応が明記された保険会社・二言語の相談者を活用します。出国前に、各契約の継続・保険料・通知・請求について書面で回答を得ます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer","nichii-nhi"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","pension-for-foreign-residents-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["visa status","residence period","insurer","language support"],"ja":["在留資格","在留期間","保険者","言語対応"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask for translated summaries and written confirmation of residence and departure rules before signing."],"ja":["署名前に、翻訳要約と在留・出国ルールの書面確認を求めてください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"insurance-pet-owners-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Insurance for pet owners","ja":"ペットの飼い主の保険"},"summary":{"en":"Pet insurance, emergency fund, age, breed, and expected veterinary costs.","ja":"ペット保険・緊急資金・年齢・犬種・想定治療費。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Pet owners face large surgery, cancer, and chronic-illness costs with no public veterinary insurance; compare pet insurance against a dedicated reserve, and enroll before conditions develop if you want insurance, because pre-existing illness is excluded.","ja":"公的な動物医療保険がなく、飼い主は大手術・がん・慢性疾患の費用に直面します。ペット保険を専用の積立と比較し、保険を望むなら既往症が除外されるため病気になる前に加入します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["There is no public veterinary insurance in Japan.","Insurance helps most against rare, catastrophic treatment.","Enroll early — pre-existing conditions are excluded.","Compare reimbursement %, limits, deductibles, and age repricing."],"ja":["日本に公的な動物医療保険はありません。","保険はまれで高額な治療に最も有効です。","早めに加入します。既往症は除外されます。","補償割合・限度・免責・年齢での再算定を比較します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"decide","heading":{"en":"Insurance or a reserve","ja":"保険か積立か"},"body":{"en":["If you could self-fund routine care but not a major surgery, prioritize a higher annual limit or a substantial reserve over covering small claims. Enroll while the pet is young and healthy if you choose insurance."],"ja":["日常のケアは自己負担できても大手術は無理なら、少額請求の補償より高い年間限度や十分な積立を優先します。保険を選ぶなら若く健康なうちに加入します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["giaj"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["pet-insurance-japan","pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Read each insurer’s condition-specific exclusions and age rules before enrolling."],"ja":["加入前に、各社の疾患別除外と年齢ルールを確認してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Insurance with a pre-existing condition","ja":"既往症がある場合の保険"},"summary":{"en":"Public protection, standard underwriting, exclusions, group, and relaxed products.","ja":"公的保障・標準引受・部位不担保・団体・緩和型。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Public health insurance covers eligible treatment without private underwriting; for private medical, cancer, life, or disability cover, try standard underwriting and insurer pre-assessment first, then group cover, then relaxed-underwriting products, comparing exclusions and ratings.","ja":"公的医療保険は民間の審査なく対象治療を給付します。民間の医療・がん・生命・障害保険は、まず標準引受と事前査定、次に団体保険、その後に緩和型を試し、部位不担保や割増を比較します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Public health cover is unaffected by private underwriting.","Outcomes range from standard acceptance to exclusion, rating, or decline.","Try standard underwriting and pre-assessment before relaxed products.","A larger savings reserve is a valid alternative to costly cover."],"ja":["公的医療保障は民間審査の影響を受けません。","結果は標準引受から部位不担保・割増・謝絶まで様々です。","緩和型の前に標準引受と事前査定を試します。","割高な保険の代わりに大きな貯蓄準備も有効です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"order","heading":{"en":"The order to try","ja":"試す順序"},"body":{"en":["Attempt standard underwriting, request pre-assessment, consider group cover through work, then compare relaxed-underwriting products — weighing higher premiums and reduced early benefits against a larger emergency fund. Disclose accurately throughout."],"ja":["標準引受を試し、事前査定を依頼し、勤務先の団体保険を検討し、その上で緩和型を比較します。割増や初期給付削減と、より大きな緊急資金を比べます。告知は一貫して正確に行います。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","underwriting-and-disclosure-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Ask an adviser to compare underwriting outcomes across insurers before defaulting to a relaxed product."],"ja":["緩和型に決める前に、各社の引受結果を比較してもらってください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"how-to-make-a-claim-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"How to make an insurance claim in Japan","ja":"日本での保険金請求のしかた"},"summary":{"en":"A universal process: evidence, notification, documents, decision, and escalation.","ja":"共通手順：証拠・通知・書類・判断・エスカレーション。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"For almost every claim: protect life and prevent further damage, contact the relevant authority, notify the insurer promptly, gather evidence, submit a factual chronology, disclose other cover, obtain the decision in writing, and escalate disputes methodically.","ja":"ほぼ全ての請求で、身の安全と損害拡大防止、関係機関への連絡、保険会社への速やかな通知、証拠収集、事実の経過提出、他の保険の申告、判断の書面受領、紛争の段階的な申立てを行います。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Notify the insurer promptly even before the final amount is known.","Ask for the claim number, required documents, and deadlines.","Preserve photos, receipts, records, and correspondence.","Get the decision and any denial reason in writing."],"ja":["最終金額が不明でも速やかに通知します。","請求番号・必要書類・期限を確認します。","写真・領収書・記録・やり取りを保存します。","判断と不払いの理由を書面で受け取ります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"steps","heading":{"en":"The ten-step sequence","ja":"10のステップ"},"body":{"en":["Protect life; contact police, fire, medical, building, airline, or card authority; notify the insurer; ask for the claim number and documents; preserve evidence; submit a chronology; disclose other insurance; obtain the decision in writing; challenge factual mistakes with clause references; then escalate unresolved complaints."],"ja":["身の安全を確保し、警察・消防・医療・建物・航空・カードなど関係先へ連絡し、保険会社へ通知し、請求番号と書類を確認し、証拠を保存し、経過を提出し、他の保険を申告し、判断を書面で受け取り、事実誤認は条項を示して反論し、未解決の苦情はエスカレーションします。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer","giaj"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["why-claims-are-denied-japan","insurance-complaints-adr-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Contact the insurer first, not a paid claim-consultant; for property earthquake claims a municipal certificate is generally not required to file."],"ja":["有料の請求代行でなくまず保険会社へ連絡します。住宅の地震保険請求に罹災証明は通常不要です。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"why-claims-are-denied-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Why insurance claims are denied","ja":"保険金が支払われない理由"},"summary":{"en":"Exclusions, definitions, lapse, waiting periods, limits, and nondisclosure.","ja":"免責・定義・失効・待機期間・限度・不告知。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Claims are denied when the event is excluded, a definition is not met, coverage had not begun or the policy lapsed, a limit was exhausted, or a material disclosure duty was breached — so read the contractual reason and check it against the wording.","ja":"事故が免責・定義に該当しない・補償が未開始や失効・限度を超過・重要な告知義務違反のいずれかのとき、保険金は支払われません。約款上の理由を読み、約款と照合します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A denial must state a contractual reason — get it in writing.","Common reasons: exclusion, unmet definition, lapse, or nondisclosure.","Waiting periods and exhausted limits also block payment.","Factual mistakes can be challenged with evidence and clause references."],"ja":["不払いは約款上の理由を示す必要があり、書面で受け取ります。","典型：免責・定義不該当・失効・不告知。","待機期間や限度超過も支払を妨げます。","事実誤認は証拠と条項で反論できます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"check","heading":{"en":"Match the reason to the wording","ja":"理由を約款と照合"},"body":{"en":["Obtain the written reason and the exact clause, then check whether the facts truly meet the exclusion or fail the definition. If the insurer relied on a factual error, respond with evidence and the relevant clause before escalating."],"ja":["書面の理由と該当条項を入手し、事実が本当に免責に当たるか定義を満たさないかを確認します。事実誤認に基づく場合は、証拠と該当条項で反論してからエスカレーションします。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-to-make-a-claim-japan","insurance-complaints-adr-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["If the denial rests on a factual mistake, challenge it in writing before going to ADR."],"ja":["不払いが事実誤認に基づく場合、ADRの前に書面で反論してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"insurance-complaints-adr-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Insurance complaints and ADR in Japan","ja":"保険の苦情とADR"},"summary":{"en":"Insurer complaint office, Sonpo ADR, life-insurance ADR, consumer affairs, and FSA.","ja":"保険会社の苦情窓口・そんぽADR・生保ADR・消費生活・金融庁。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Escalate in order: the claims handler, the insurer’s complaint office, the agent’s management, then the Sonpo ADR Center for non-life or the Life Insurance Association’s dispute resolution for life, then consumer affairs, the FSA, and finally legal remedies.","ja":"段階的に、担当者、保険会社の苦情窓口、代理店の管理者、次に損害保険はそんぽADRセンター・生命保険は生命保険協会のADR、その後に消費生活センター、金融庁、最後に法的手段へ進めます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Start with the claims handler and the insurer’s complaint office.","Non-life disputes go to the Sonpo ADR Center; life to the LIA process.","Local consumer affairs centers and the FSA can also help.","Keep the wording, application answers, notices, and every written reason."],"ja":["まず担当者と保険会社の苦情窓口です。","損害保険はそんぽADR、生命保険は生保協会のADRへ。","消費生活センターや金融庁も相談先です。","約款・告知・通知・書面の理由をすべて保管します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"escalate","heading":{"en":"The escalation ladder","ja":"エスカレーションの順序"},"body":{"en":["Work up the ladder while keeping the insurer involved, using the designated ADR body for your product type. Keep the policy wording, warning information, application answers, notices, medical and repair documents, and every written denial reason."],"ja":["保険会社を関与させたまま順に進め、商品種類に応じた指定ADR機関を使います。約款・注意喚起情報・告知内容・通知・診療や修理の書類・書面の不払い理由をすべて保管します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["sonpo-adr","lia-consultation","ncac-insurance"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["why-claims-are-denied-japan","how-to-make-a-claim-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Use the Sonpo ADR Center for non-life and the Life Insurance Association for life; a consumer affairs center can advise on next steps."],"ja":["損害保険はそんぽADR、生命保険は生保協会を利用し、次の一手は消費生活センターへ相談してください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"annual-insurance-review-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Annual insurance review","ja":"保険の年次見直し"},"summary":{"en":"A checklist to run after life, job, home, family, vehicle, or residency changes.","ja":"生活・仕事・住まい・家族・車・在留の変化後に行うチェックリスト。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Review your cover after marriage, birth, job change, home purchase, mortgage repayment, diagnosis, retirement, pet adoption, vehicle change, or departure — confirming beneficiaries, public benefits, duplicate cover, valuations, and whether cancellation would create a new underwriting problem.","ja":"結婚・出産・転職・住宅購入・ローン完済・診断・退職・ペット・車の変更・出国の後に見直し、受取人・公的給付・重複補償・評価額・解約が新たな引受問題を生まないかを確認します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Update beneficiaries and contact information.","Re-check public and employer benefits and required death cover.","Find duplicate liability, travel, bicycle, device, and pet cover.","Never cancel health or life cover before a replacement has commenced."],"ja":["受取人と連絡先を更新します。","公的・勤務先給付と必要な死亡保障を再確認します。","賠償・旅行・自転車・端末・ペットの重複を探します。","乗り換え先が開始する前に医療・生命保険を解約しません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"checklist","heading":{"en":"What to confirm each year","ja":"毎年確認する項目"},"body":{"en":["Confirm beneficiaries, public and employer benefits, mortgage credit-life cover, duplicate riders, outdated driver and household restrictions, building and contents replacement value, flood and earthquake decisions, disability waiting periods, surrender values, renewal ages, overseas residence, and whether cancellation would create a new underwriting problem."],"ja":["受取人、公的・勤務先給付、団信、重複特約、古い運転者・世帯条件、建物・家財の再調達価額、水災・地震の判断、障害の待期、解約返戻金、更新年齢、海外居住、そして解約が新たな引受問題を生まないかを確認します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents mapping protection before shopping for private insurance"],"ja":["民間保険を検討する前に保障を整理したい居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A quote, policy ranking, or individualized recommendation"],"ja":["見積り・商品ランキング・個別推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility, contributions, waiting periods, exclusions, and benefit amounts can vary. Confirm your case with the administering insurer or authority before acting."],"ja":["資格・保険料・待期・免責・給付額は異なる場合があります。行動前に運営する保険者・行政機関へ自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan","duplicate-coverage-japan"],"insuranceMetadata":{"effectiveYear":2026,"publicCoverageFirst":true,"variesBy":{"en":["insurer","employment status","municipality","household"],"ja":["保険者","就業形態","自治体","世帯"]},"professionalHelp":{"en":["Never cancel an existing health or life policy until the replacement is accepted, commenced, and understood."],"ja":["乗り換え先が引受・開始され理解できるまで、既存の医療・生命保険を解約しないでください。"]},"reviewAfter":"2026-10-30"}},{"slug":"how-taxes-work-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national-and-municipal","authorityIds":["nta-individual","nta-income-tax-rate","shinjuku-resident-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"reconstruction-surtax","kind":"rate","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-income-tax-rate"],"value":{"en":"Reconstruction surtax of 2.1% of calculated national income tax (through 2037)","ja":"算出所得税額の2.1%の復興特別所得税（2037年まで）"}},{"id":"resident-tax-rate","kind":"rate","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["shinjuku-resident-tax"],"value":{"en":"Resident-tax income portion is generally 10% (4% prefectural + 6% municipal) plus per-capita amounts","ja":"住民税の所得割は原則10%（都道府県民税4%＋市区町村民税6%）＋均等割"}}]},"title":{"en":"How taxes work in Japan","ja":"日本の税金の仕組み"},"summary":{"en":"National vs local tax, calendar-year taxation, withholding, year-end adjustment, and the delayed resident-tax bill.","ja":"国税と地方税、暦年課税、源泉徴収、年末調整、そして翌年課税の住民税。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Japan runs two parallel systems: national income tax (withheld and often settled by an employer year-end adjustment) and local resident tax billed the year after you earn — with a final tax return reconciling anything withholding did not cover.","ja":"日本は2本立てです。国の所得税（源泉徴収され、多くは会社の年末調整で完結）と、稼いだ翌年に請求される地方の住民税。源泉徴収で足りない分は確定申告で精算します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["National taxes fund the central government; local (resident) taxes fund your prefecture and municipality.","The income-tax year is the calendar year, January 1 to December 31.","Employers withhold income tax during the year; withholding is a prepayment, not the final bill.","Resident tax (~10%) is assessed on the previous year’s income and collected from June the following year.","A ¥300,000 income deduction cuts taxable income, not tax — the saving is roughly your marginal rate times the deduction."],"ja":["国税は中央政府、住民税は都道府県・市区町村の財源です。","所得税の課税年度は1月1日〜12月31日の暦年です。","会社は年内に所得税を源泉徴収しますが、これは前払いで最終税額ではありません。","住民税（約10%）は前年の所得に基づき、翌年6月から徴収されます。","30万円の所得控除は税額ではなく課税所得を減らします。節税額はおおよそ限界税率×控除額です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"national-vs-local","heading":{"en":"National tax and local tax","ja":"国税と地方税"},"body":{"en":["Two separate authorities tax your income. National income tax (所得税) is administered by the National Tax Agency and is progressive. Local resident tax (住民税) is administered by your municipality and prefecture; the income portion is generally about 10% — in Tokyo, 4% prefectural plus 6% municipal — with fixed per-capita amounts and the national forest-environment tax collected alongside it. A Special Income Tax for Reconstruction equal to 2.1% of your calculated national income tax applies through 2037."],"ja":["所得は2つの別々の機関が課税します。所得税は国税庁が扱う累進課税です。住民税は市区町村と都道府県が扱い、所得割は原則約10%（東京では都民税4%＋区市町村民税6%）で、均等割と森林環境税が併せて徴収されます。さらに算出所得税額の2.1%にあたる復興特別所得税が2037年まで課されます。"]}},{"id":"withholding-yea","heading":{"en":"Withholding and year-end adjustment","ja":"源泉徴収と年末調整"},"body":{"en":["Employers, pension payers, and some business customers withhold tax as you are paid. Because the withheld amount rarely equals your exact annual liability, an employer performs a year-end adjustment (年末調整) that reconciles most employees’ national income tax. A refund at that point simply means too much was prepaid — it does not mean the income was untaxed."],"ja":["会社・年金の支払者・一部の取引先は、支払いの都度、税を源泉徴収します。源泉徴収額が年間の正確な税額と一致することはまれなため、会社は年末調整で多くの会社員の所得税を精算します。ここでの還付は前払いが多すぎただけで、その所得が非課税だった訳ではありません。"]}},{"id":"resident-tax-timing","heading":{"en":"Why the resident-tax bill arrives late","ja":"住民税が遅れて来る理由"},"body":{"en":["Resident tax is assessed on the previous calendar year’s income and collected from June of the following year through the next May. New arrivals often owe little in year one and get a surprise bill in year two; people who leave Japan can still owe resident tax based on the year before departure. Budget for this timing gap."],"ja":["住民税は前年の所得に基づいて課税され、翌年6月から翌々年5月まで徴収されます。来日者は1年目の負担が小さく2年目に驚くことが多く、出国者も出国前年の所得に基づく住民税を負担することがあります。この時間差に備えましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone new to the Japanese tax system","Employees wanting to understand their payslip"],"ja":["日本の税制に初めて触れる方","給与明細を理解したい会社員"]},"notFor":{"en":["Detailed cross-border or business-structuring advice"],"ja":["詳細な国際税務・事業設計の助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["2025–2026 reforms changed several thresholds; use the NTA calculator or current-year software rather than a prior-year spreadsheet."],"ja":["2025〜2026年の改正で複数の基準が変わりました。前年のスプレッドシートではなく国税庁の計算ツールや当年版ソフトを使ってください。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-tax-timing","tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-individual","nta-income-tax-rate","shinjuku-resident-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["types-of-taxes-in-japan","japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return"]},{"slug":"types-of-taxes-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national-and-municipal","authorityIds":["nta-individual","shinjuku-resident-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"enterprise-tax-allowance","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-individual"],"value":{"en":"Individual enterprise tax uses a business-owner allowance of about ¥2.9 million per full year; common rates 3–5%","ja":"個人事業税は年290万円程度の事業主控除、税率は原則3〜5%"}}]},"title":{"en":"Types of taxes in Japan","ja":"日本の税金の種類"},"summary":{"en":"A directory of the personal taxes you may meet: income, resident, consumption, enterprise, property, gift, inheritance, and more.","ja":"個人が出会う税金の一覧：所得税・住民税・消費税・事業税・固定資産税・贈与税・相続税など。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Beyond income and resident tax, you may encounter consumption tax, individual enterprise tax, fixed-asset and city-planning taxes, real-estate acquisition tax, registration and stamp taxes, automobile taxes, and gift or inheritance tax — each with its own trigger and authority.","ja":"所得税・住民税のほかに、消費税、個人事業税、固定資産税・都市計画税、不動産取得税、登録免許税・印紙税、自動車関係税、贈与税・相続税などがあり、それぞれ課税要件と管轄が異なります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["National: income tax, consumption tax, registration/stamp tax, gift and inheritance tax.","Local: resident tax, enterprise tax, fixed-asset and city-planning tax, real-estate acquisition tax.","Which office handles a problem depends on which tax it is — national tax office vs municipality vs prefecture.","Individual enterprise tax applies only to designated business classes, after a ~¥2.9M owner allowance."],"ja":["国税：所得税・消費税・登録免許税/印紙税・贈与税・相続税。","地方税：住民税・事業税・固定資産税/都市計画税・不動産取得税。","問題の窓口は税目次第（税務署か、市区町村か、都道府県か）。","個人事業税は法定の業種のみ、290万円程度の事業主控除の後に課税。"]},"sections":[{"id":"national-taxes","heading":{"en":"National taxes","ja":"国税"},"body":{"en":["The National Tax Agency administers national income tax and the 2.1% reconstruction surtax, consumption tax on taxable business supplies, registration and license tax on registrations (including real-estate titles), stamp tax on specified paper instruments, and gift and inheritance tax. These are billed and paid to the national system, and disputes go to the national tax office (税務署)."],"ja":["国税庁は、所得税と2.1%の復興特別所得税、課税取引にかかる消費税、登記等にかかる登録免許税（不動産の登記を含む）、一定の文書にかかる印紙税、そして贈与税・相続税を扱います。これらは国に納付し、争いは税務署が窓口です。"]}},{"id":"local-taxes","heading":{"en":"Local taxes","ja":"地方税"},"body":{"en":["Your prefecture and municipality assess resident tax (income portion ~10% plus per-capita amounts), individual enterprise tax on designated business classes (business-owner allowance generally ¥2.9 million per full year; rates commonly 3%, 4%, or 5%), fixed-asset and city-planning taxes on land, buildings, and depreciable assets, and real-estate acquisition tax when you acquire property. A wrong resident-tax notice is fixed by the municipality, not the national tax office."],"ja":["都道府県・市区町村は、住民税（所得割約10%＋均等割）、法定業種にかかる個人事業税（事業主控除は原則年290万円、税率は3%・4%・5%が中心）、土地・家屋・償却資産にかかる固定資産税・都市計画税、不動産取得時の不動産取得税を課します。住民税の通知の誤りは税務署ではなく市区町村で訂正します。"]}},{"id":"other","heading":{"en":"Automobiles, gifts, and estates","ja":"自動車・贈与・相続"},"body":{"en":["Owning a vehicle brings automobile-related taxes (ownership, weight, environmental classification). Receiving gifts above the ¥1.1 million annual exemption can trigger gift tax; inheriting an estate above the basic exemption (¥30 million + ¥6 million per statutory heir) can trigger inheritance tax, with a ten-month filing deadline. These are fact-heavy areas where a professional is often warranted."],"ja":["車の保有には自動車関係税（保有・重量・環境性能）がかかります。年110万円の基礎控除を超える贈与は贈与税の対象になり得ます。基礎控除（3,000万円＋600万円×法定相続人）を超える相続は相続税の対象で、申告期限は10か月です。いずれも事実関係が重要で、専門家の関与が望ましい分野です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People mapping which taxes could apply to them","Homeowners, business owners, and families"],"ja":["自分に関係する税目を把握したい方","住宅所有者・事業者・家族"]},"notFor":{"en":["Corporate tax planning","Exact municipal rates and reliefs"],"ja":["法人税の設計","自治体ごとの正確な税率・軽減"]},"warnings":{"en":["Municipal rates, temporary reliefs, and property-tax dates vary; confirm locally for your address and transaction date."],"ja":["自治体の税率・臨時軽減・固定資産税の期日は異なります。住所と取引日で個別に確認してください。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-tax-timing"],"sources":["nta-individual","shinjuku-resident-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-taxes-work-in-japan","the-10-types-of-income-in-japan","property-taxes-in-japan"]},{"slug":"the-10-types-of-income-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-income-categories","nta-income-vs-misc"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"ten-income-categories","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-income-categories"],"value":{"en":"Income is classified into 10 statutory categories that determine expenses, loss use, and calculation method","ja":"所得は10種類に区分され、経費・損益通算・計算方法が決まる"}}]},"title":{"en":"The 10 types of income in Japan","ja":"日本の10種類の所得区分"},"summary":{"en":"Employment, business, miscellaneous, real-estate, capital-gain, dividend, interest, retirement, forestry, and occasional income — and why the label matters.","ja":"給与・事業・雑・不動産・譲渡・配当・利子・退職・山林・一時所得と、区分が重要な理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Japan sorts every receipt into one of ten statutory income categories, and the category — not the contract wording — decides which expenses and losses you can use and how the tax is calculated.","ja":"日本はすべての収入を10種類の所得区分のいずれかに分類し、契約書の文言ではなく区分が、使える経費・損失や計算方法を決めます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The ten categories: interest, dividend, real-estate, business, employment, retirement, forestry, capital-gain, occasional, and miscellaneous income.","Substance (continuity, scale, records, profit motive) — not the payer’s label — sets the category.","Business and real-estate income can access blue-return benefits and loss carryforward; miscellaneous income generally cannot.","Some categories (listed shares, retirement, certain financial income) use separate taxation, not the aggregate progressive table."],"ja":["10区分：利子・配当・不動産・事業・給与・退職・山林・譲渡・一時・雑所得。","区分は支払者の呼称ではなく実態（継続性・規模・帳簿・営利性）で決まります。","事業・不動産所得は青色申告の特典や損失の繰越が使え、雑所得は原則使えません。","一部（上場株式・退職・一定の金融所得）は総合課税ではなく分離課税です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"categories","heading":{"en":"The ten categories","ja":"10の区分"},"body":{"en":["The statutory list is: interest income (利子所得), dividend income (配当所得), real-estate income (不動産所得), business income (事業所得), employment income (給与所得), retirement income (退職所得), forestry income (山林所得), capital-gain income (譲渡所得), occasional income (一時所得), and miscellaneous income (雑所得). Employment income uses a fixed employment-income deduction rather than itemized expenses; business income allows broad necessary expenses; retirement and listed-share income use their own separate calculations."],"ja":["法定の区分は、利子所得・配当所得・不動産所得・事業所得・給与所得・退職所得・山林所得・譲渡所得・一時所得・雑所得です。給与所得は実費経費ではなく給与所得控除を用い、事業所得は幅広い必要経費が認められ、退職所得や上場株式の所得は独自の分離計算を使います。"]}},{"id":"why-it-matters","heading":{"en":"Why the label matters","ja":"区分が重要な理由"},"body":{"en":["A creator, affiliate, online seller, consultant, or developer can have employment, business, or miscellaneous income depending on the facts. The difference is not cosmetic: business income can use the blue-return special deduction, family-employee salaries, and (with qualifying losses) a three-year loss carryforward, while a loss from miscellaneous income generally cannot be set against your salary. When your side activity grows continuous and organized, its correct category — and its records — should be settled deliberately."],"ja":["クリエイター・アフィリエイター・ネット販売者・コンサル・開発者は、事実関係により給与・事業・雑のいずれにもなり得ます。違いは形式的ではありません。事業所得は青色申告特別控除・専従者給与・（要件を満たせば）3年間の損失繰越が使えますが、雑所得の損失は原則給与と通算できません。副業が継続的・組織的になったら、正しい区分と帳簿を意識的に固めましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone with income beyond a single salary","Side-business owners and creators"],"ja":["給与以外の収入がある方","副業オーナー・クリエイター"]},"notFor":{"en":["A definitive ruling on your specific classification"],"ja":["個別の区分に関する確定的な判断"]},"warnings":{"en":["Classification is fact-specific and can be challenged on audit; keep records and consult a 税理士 for borderline cases."],"ja":["区分は事実次第で、税務調査で争点になり得ます。帳簿を残し、微妙な場合は税理士に相談を。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-income-categories","nta-income-vs-misc"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-taxes-work-in-japan","complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule"]},{"slug":"japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-income-tax-rate"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"progressive-bands","kind":"rate","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-income-tax-rate"],"value":{"en":"Seven progressive national bands: 5, 10, 20, 23, 33, 40, and 45 percent of taxable income","ja":"国税は7段階の累進：課税所得に対し5・10・20・23・33・40・45%"}},{"id":"reconstruction-surtax-rate","kind":"rate","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-income-tax-rate"],"value":{"en":"Reconstruction surtax equal to 2.1% of calculated national income tax","ja":"算出所得税額の2.1%の復興特別所得税"}}]},"title":{"en":"Japan income tax rates and brackets","ja":"日本の所得税率と税率区分"},"summary":{"en":"The seven progressive national bands, the reconstruction surtax, and how marginal differs from average.","ja":"7段階の累進税率、復興特別所得税、限界税率と平均税率の違い。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"National income tax has seven progressive brackets from 5% to 45%, applied to taxable income (not gross salary); a 2.1% reconstruction surtax is added, and local resident tax of about 10% is calculated separately.","ja":"所得税は課税所得（額面ではない）に対し5%〜45%の7段階の累進で、これに2.1%の復興特別所得税が加わり、住民税約10%は別途計算されます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Brackets apply to taxable income after deductions, not to gross salary.","The seven rates are 5, 10, 20, 23, 33, 40, and 45 percent.","A quick formula: tax = taxable income × rate − bracket adjustment; then add the 2.1% surtax.","Your marginal rate (on the next yen) is higher than your average rate (over all income)."],"ja":["税率は控除後の課税所得に適用され、額面には適用されません。","7段階の税率は5・10・20・23・33・40・45%。","目安の式：税額＝課税所得×税率−区分ごとの控除額。さらに2.1%の復興特別所得税。","限界税率（次の1円にかかる率）は平均税率（全体の率）より高くなります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"brackets","heading":{"en":"The progressive brackets","ja":"累進の区分"},"body":{"en":["Taxable income is taxed in bands: 5% up to ¥1.95M, 10% to ¥3.3M, 20% to ¥6.95M, 23% to ¥9M, 33% to ¥18M, 40% to ¥40M, and 45% above ¥40M. The NTA’s rate table pairs each rate with a subtraction so you can compute the tax in one line. For ¥7,000,000 of taxable income: ¥7,000,000 × 23% − ¥636,000 = ¥974,000 of national income tax before the surtax and credits."],"ja":["課税所得は段階的に課税されます。195万円まで5%、330万円まで10%、695万円まで20%、900万円まで23%、1,800万円まで33%、4,000万円まで40%、4,000万円超で45%です。国税庁の速算表は各税率に控除額を対応させ、1行で計算できます。課税所得700万円なら、700万円×23%−63.6万円＝97.4万円が復興特別所得税・税額控除前の所得税です。"]}},{"id":"surtax-and-marginal","heading":{"en":"Surtax, resident tax, and marginal rate","ja":"復興税・住民税・限界税率"},"body":{"en":["On top of the calculated national tax, add a reconstruction surtax of 2.1% (about ¥20,454 on ¥974,000). Local resident tax of roughly 10% is calculated separately under municipal rules. Because only income within a band is taxed at that band’s rate, a raise does not retroactively re-tax your earlier income — the higher rate applies only to the portion above each threshold. This is why marginal and average rates differ, and why a deduction saves roughly your marginal rate times the deduction."],"ja":["算出した所得税に、2.1%の復興特別所得税（97.4万円なら約20,454円）を加えます。住民税約10%は市区町村のルールで別途計算します。各区分の税率は区分内の所得だけにかかるため、昇給で過去の所得が遡って高い税率になることはなく、各基準を超えた部分にのみ高い税率が適用されます。これが限界税率と平均税率が異なる理由で、控除の節税額がおおよそ限界税率×控除額になる理由です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone estimating their tax","People weighing a raise, bonus, or deduction"],"ja":["税額を試算したい方","昇給・賞与・控除を検討する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Separate-taxation assets like listed shares (different flat rates)"],"ja":["上場株式など分離課税（別の定率）"]},"warnings":{"en":["These are aggregate-income rates; capital gains, listed dividends, and retirement income use separate systems. Reforms can change thresholds — verify the current-year table."],"ja":["これは総合課税の税率です。譲渡益・上場配当・退職所得は分離課税です。改正で基準が変わり得るため当年の速算表を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-income-tax-rate"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-taxes-work-in-japan","complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","investment-taxes-in-japan"]},{"slug":"year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-individual","nta-withholding"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"yea-scope","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-withholding"],"value":{"en":"Year-end adjustment settles employment income handled by one employer; it does not cover side income, medical, or first-year mortgage credit","ja":"年末調整は1社が扱う給与所得を精算するもので、副収入・医療費・住宅ローン控除初年度は対象外"}}]},"title":{"en":"Year-end adjustment vs a final tax return","ja":"年末調整と確定申告の違い"},"summary":{"en":"What each one covers, who performs it, and when you still need to file despite year-end adjustment.","ja":"それぞれの対象範囲・実施主体と、年末調整があっても申告が必要な場合。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Year-end adjustment (年末調整) is your employer reconciling the income tax on the salary they paid; a final return (確定申告) is you reconciling all reportable income — you may need the return for side income, medical expenses, or the first mortgage-credit year even after year-end adjustment.","ja":"年末調整は会社が支払った給与の所得税を精算する手続き、確定申告は本人がすべての申告対象所得を精算する手続きです。年末調整後でも、副収入・医療費・住宅ローン控除初年度などで確定申告が必要になることがあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Year-end adjustment is done by the employer; a final return is done by you (or a 税理士).","Year-end adjustment covers only employment income that employer handled.","Medical expense deduction, donations beyond one-stop, and the first mortgage-credit year need a return.","A year-end adjustment does not cure unreported side, rental, overseas, or investment income."],"ja":["年末調整は会社、確定申告は本人（または税理士）が行います。","年末調整はその会社が扱った給与所得のみが対象です。","医療費控除、ワンストップを超える寄付、住宅ローン控除初年度は確定申告が必要です。","年末調整は、未申告の副業・不動産・国外・投資所得を精算しません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"who-does-what","heading":{"en":"Who does each, and what it covers","ja":"実施主体と対象"},"body":{"en":["Your employer runs year-end adjustment as part of payroll near year-end. It typically applies the basic, spouse, dependent, social-insurance, and life-insurance deductions, and — from the second year — the mortgage credit. A final return, filed by you ordinarily between February 16 and March 15, covers everything: business and rental results, capital gains, the medical and donation deductions, the first mortgage-credit year, and the foreign-tax credit."],"ja":["会社は年末近くの給与処理として年末調整を行います。通常、基礎・配偶者・扶養・社会保険料・生命保険料の各控除を適用し、2年目以降は住宅ローン控除も反映します。確定申告は本人が原則2月16日〜3月15日に行い、事業・不動産の損益、譲渡所得、医療費・寄付金控除、住宅ローン控除初年度、外国税額控除などすべてを対象にします。"]}},{"id":"both","heading":{"en":"When both are involved","ja":"両方が関わる場合"},"body":{"en":["You can be adjusted and still have to file. A salaried employee with more than ¥200,000 of side income, two jobs, large medical bills, or a first-year mortgage files a return that starts from the withholding certificate the employer already produced. Neither process is a universal cure: resident-tax declarations, gift tax, and consumption tax can remain separate obligations."],"ja":["年末調整を受けても申告が必要なことがあります。20万円超の副収入、2か所給与、多額の医療費、住宅ローン控除初年度のある給与所得者は、会社が作成した源泉徴収票を起点に確定申告します。どちらも万能ではなく、住民税申告・贈与税・消費税は別の義務として残り得ます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Employees unsure whether they must file","People who missed year-end adjustment (left a job)"],"ja":["申告要否が不明な会社員","年末調整を受けられなかった方（退職者）"]},"notFor":{"en":["Freelancers with no employment income"],"ja":["給与所得のないフリーランス"]},"warnings":{"en":["If you left a job before year-end and no employer adjusted you, you likely need a return to claim a refund."],"ja":["年末前に退職し年末調整を受けていない場合、還付のため確定申告が必要なことが多いです。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-individual","nta-withholding"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-taxes-work-in-japan","do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule"]},{"slug":"japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-individual","nta-income-vs-misc"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"side-income-threshold","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-individual"],"value":{"en":"An employee with one withholding-covered job generally must file when non-employment, non-retirement income exceeds ¥200,000 (income after related expenses)","ja":"1か所給与の会社員は、給与・退職以外の所得（必要経費控除後）が20万円を超えると原則申告が必要"}}]},"title":{"en":"Japan’s ¥200,000 side-income rule","ja":"副収入20万円ルール"},"summary":{"en":"When side income makes a salaried employee file — and why it is income after expenses, not revenue.","ja":"副収入で会社員に申告義務が生じる場合と、それが売上ではなく経費控除後の所得である理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A salaried employee with one withholding-covered job generally must file a national return when income other than employment and retirement exceeds ¥200,000 — measured after related expenses, not as gross revenue, and even below it a resident-tax declaration may still be required.","ja":"1か所で源泉徴収される給与所得者は、給与・退職以外の所得が20万円を超えると原則として確定申告が必要です。これは売上ではなく必要経費控除後の所得で判定し、20万円以下でも住民税申告は必要な場合があります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The test is income after related expenses, not gross revenue.","It applies to an employee whose salary is fully covered by one employer’s withholding.","Exactly ¥200,000 does not trigger it — the rule is “exceeds” ¥200,000.","The ¥200,000 income-tax relief does NOT remove the resident-tax reporting obligation."],"ja":["判定は売上ではなく必要経費控除後の所得です。","給与が1社の源泉徴収で完結している会社員が対象です。","ちょうど20万円では発生しません。ルールは「20万円を超える」場合です。","所得税の20万円特例は住民税の申告義務までは免除しません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-it-works","heading":{"en":"Income, not revenue","ja":"売上ではなく所得"},"body":{"en":["The rule looks at income after allowable related expenses. If you earn ¥300,000 of affiliate revenue and incur ¥80,000 of directly related platform and advertising costs, your income is ¥220,000 — over the threshold, so a return is due. Cut expenses so income is exactly ¥200,000 and that particular salary-side-income trigger is not exceeded, but you must still check other filing triggers and your municipality’s resident-tax rules."],"ja":["このルールは必要経費控除後の所得で見ます。アフィリエイト売上30万円に対し、直接関係するプラットフォーム・広告費が8万円なら、所得は22万円で基準超過となり申告が必要です。経費で所得をちょうど20万円にすればこの給与＋副収入の要件は超えませんが、他の申告要件や自治体の住民税ルールは別途確認が必要です。"]}},{"id":"resident-tax","heading":{"en":"The resident-tax catch","ja":"住民税の落とし穴"},"body":{"en":["The ¥200,000 rule is a national income-tax convenience, not a tax exemption. Municipalities generally still expect you to declare that side income for resident-tax purposes even when no national return is required. Skipping it is a common and avoidable mistake — file the resident-tax declaration with your city if you are under the national threshold."],"ja":["20万円ルールは所得税の便宜であり非課税ではありません。国の申告が不要でも、自治体は住民税のためにその副収入の申告を求めるのが一般的です。これは避けられるよくある誤りです。国の基準未満なら、市区町村に住民税申告を行いましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Employees with a side gig, affiliate, or freelance income","Creators and platform sellers"],"ja":["副業・アフィリエイト・受託収入のある会社員","クリエイター・プラットフォーム販売者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Full-time freelancers (different rules)","Two-employer situations (separate test)"],"ja":["専業フリーランス（別ルール）","2か所給与（別の判定）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Income left in a platform wallet is still earned; the threshold is about income earned, not money withdrawn to your bank."],"ja":["プラットフォームに残した収入も稼得済みです。基準は銀行への出金額ではなく稼得した所得で見ます。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-individual","nta-income-vs-misc"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","the-10-types-of-income-in-japan"]},{"slug":"complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-individual","nta-basic-deduction","nta-medical-deduction","nta-employment-deduction"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"medical-threshold","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-medical-deduction"],"value":{"en":"Medical deduction = qualifying costs − reimbursements − threshold (¥100,000, or 5% of total income if below ¥2M), capped at ¥2M","ja":"医療費控除＝対象費用−補填−しきい値（10万円、総所得200万円未満なら5%）、上限200万円"}},{"id":"employment-deduction-floor","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-employment-deduction"],"value":{"en":"From 2025 the employment-income deduction is at least ¥650,000, capped at ¥1.95M","ja":"2025年分以降、給与所得控除は最低65万円、上限195万円"}}]},"title":{"en":"Complete guide to tax deductions in Japan","ja":"日本の所得控除・税額控除の総合ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"How income deductions and tax credits differ, and the main ones: basic, spouse, dependent, medical, insurance, iDeCo, donations, mortgage.","ja":"所得控除と税額控除の違いと主要なもの：基礎・配偶者・扶養・医療費・保険・iDeCo・寄付・住宅ローン。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"An income deduction (所得控除) reduces the income you are taxed on; a tax credit (税額控除) reduces the tax itself — so a ¥300,000 deduction saves roughly your marginal rate times ¥300,000, while a ¥300,000 credit can cut tax by up to ¥300,000.","ja":"所得控除は課税される所得を減らし、税額控除は税額そのものを減らします。30万円の所得控除の節税額はおおよそ限界税率×30万円、30万円の税額控除は最大30万円の減税になり得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Deductions reduce taxable income; credits reduce tax — a deduction is not a refund of its full amount.","Payroll (year-end adjustment) handles basic, spouse, dependent, social-insurance, and life-insurance deductions.","Medical expenses, donations beyond one-stop, and the first mortgage year require a tax return.","The medical threshold is ¥100,000 (or 5% of total income below ¥2M); the deduction is capped at ¥2M."],"ja":["所得控除は課税所得を、税額控除は税額を減らします。控除額がそのまま還付される訳ではありません。","年末調整で基礎・配偶者・扶養・社会保険料・生命保険料の各控除を処理します。","医療費、ワンストップを超える寄付、住宅ローン控除初年度は確定申告が必要です。","医療費のしきい値は10万円（総所得200万円未満は5%）、控除上限は200万円です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"deduction-vs-credit","heading":{"en":"Deduction vs credit","ja":"所得控除と税額控除"},"body":{"en":["Income deductions — basic, spouse and spouse-special, dependent, specified-relative, medical, social-insurance, life and earthquake insurance, small-business/iDeCo contributions, donations, disability, and single-parent — subtract from your taxable income. Tax credits, such as the housing-loan credit and dividend credit, subtract from the calculated tax. The distinction decides how much you actually save: a deduction’s value scales with your marginal rate; a credit is a near-direct reduction, subject to its own limits."],"ja":["所得控除（基礎・配偶者・配偶者特別・扶養・特定親族・医療費・社会保険料・生命/地震保険・小規模企業共済等/iDeCo・寄付金・障害・ひとり親など）は課税所得から差し引きます。税額控除（住宅ローン控除・配当控除など）は算出税額から差し引きます。この違いが実際の節税額を左右します。所得控除の価値は限界税率に比例し、税額控除は上限の範囲でほぼそのまま減税になります。"]}},{"id":"main-deductions","heading":{"en":"The deductions most people use","ja":"多くの人が使う控除"},"body":{"en":["Employees automatically get the employment-income deduction (at least ¥650,000 from 2025, capped at ¥1.95M) plus the basic deduction, whose 2026 amount depends on total income after reform. The medical deduction equals qualifying costs minus reimbursements minus the ¥100,000 (or 5%) threshold, capped at ¥2M — file a statement and keep receipts five years. iDeCo contributions are deductible; life and earthquake insurance follow statutory caps; and Furusato Nozei donations flow through as a donation deduction plus resident-tax credit."],"ja":["会社員は給与所得控除（2025年分以降は最低65万円、上限195万円）に加え、改正後の総所得により額が変わる基礎控除を自動で受けます。医療費控除は対象費用から補填と10万円（または5%）のしきい値を引いた額で上限200万円。明細書を提出し領収書は5年間保管します。iDeCoの掛金は控除対象、生命・地震保険は法定の上限、ふるさと納税は寄付金控除＋住民税控除として反映されます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Employees and freelancers optimising deductions","Anyone comparing deduction vs credit"],"ja":["控除を最適化したい会社員・フリーランス","所得控除と税額控除を比較したい方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Exact eligibility for your household (varies by income and family)"],"ja":["世帯ごとの正確な適用可否（所得・家族で異なる）"]},"warnings":{"en":["2025–2026 reforms changed the basic, spouse, and specified-relative thresholds; confirm the current-year figures before relying on them."],"ja":["2025〜2026年の改正で基礎・配偶者・特定親族の基準が変わりました。利用前に当年の数値を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["tax-furusato","tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-individual","nta-basic-deduction","nta-medical-deduction","nta-employment-deduction"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["furusato-nozei-explained","japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return"]},{"slug":"investment-taxes-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-listed-shares","nta-crypto"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"listed-share-rate","kind":"rate","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-listed-shares"],"value":{"en":"Listed-share gains are taxed separately at a combined 20.315% (national + reconstruction + local)","ja":"上場株式の譲渡益は分離課税で合計20.315%（国税＋復興＋地方）"}},{"id":"crypto-miscellaneous","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-crypto"],"value":{"en":"Crypto gains are generally miscellaneous income taxed at aggregate progressive rates, not the 20.315% flat rate","ja":"暗号資産の利益は原則雑所得で総合累進課税、20.315%の定率ではない"}}]},"title":{"en":"Investment taxes in Japan","ja":"日本の投資にかかる税金"},"summary":{"en":"How stocks, dividends, NISA, iDeCo, and crypto are taxed — and when filing helps.","ja":"株式・配当・NISA・iDeCo・暗号資産の課税と、申告が有利になる場面。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Listed-share gains and dividends are usually taxed separately at about 20.315%, NISA shelters eligible gains entirely, iDeCo defers tax and deducts contributions, and crypto is taxed as miscellaneous income at your progressive rate — much higher for large gains.","ja":"上場株式の譲渡益・配当は原則約20.315%の分離課税、NISAは対象の利益を非課税、iDeCoは掛金控除と課税繰延、暗号資産は雑所得として累進課税（大きな利益では高率）になります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Listed shares: separate taxation, combined 20.315%; a withholding account can avoid filing.","Filing a share loss lets you offset dividends and carry the loss forward three years.","NISA shelters gains and dividends but its losses cannot offset taxable gains.","Crypto is miscellaneous income at progressive rates — taxable on swaps and spending, not just cash-out."],"ja":["上場株式：分離課税で合計20.315%。源泉徴収口座なら申告不要にできます。","株式の損失を申告すると配当と通算でき、3年間繰り越せます。","NISAは利益・配当が非課税ですが、損失は課税口座の利益と通算できません。","暗号資産は累進課税の雑所得。交換や決済でも課税され、出金時だけではありません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"shares-dividends","heading":{"en":"Shares, dividends, and accounts","ja":"株式・配当・口座"},"body":{"en":["Gains on listed shares are generally taxed under separate self-assessment at a combined 20.315% (15% national + 0.315% reconstruction + 5% local). A withholding-designated (特定) account can settle the tax without a return. Listed dividends usually have 15.315% national withholding plus 5% local; you may choose non-filing, aggregate, or separate taxation. Filing can be worthwhile to offset a listed-share loss against dividends and to carry a qualifying loss forward three years — but filing can also raise resident-tax-based measures like health-insurance premiums."],"ja":["上場株式の譲渡益は原則、申告分離課税で合計20.315%（国税15%＋復興0.315%＋地方5%）です。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）なら申告せずに完結できます。上場配当は通常、国税15.315%＋地方5%が源泉徴収され、申告不要・総合課税・分離課税を選べます。上場株式の損失を配当と通算し、要件を満たす損失を3年繰り越すために申告が有利なこともありますが、申告は住民税ベースの指標（国保料など）を上げることもあります。"]}},{"id":"nisa-ideco-crypto","heading":{"en":"NISA, iDeCo, and crypto","ja":"NISA・iDeCo・暗号資産"},"body":{"en":["NISA lets you invest up to ¥3.6M a year (¥18M lifetime at acquisition cost) with eligible gains and distributions tax-free; sold capacity generally becomes reusable the next year, but NISA losses cannot offset taxable gains. iDeCo deducts contributions from income, defers investment tax, and taxes benefits as pension or retirement income. Crypto is different: disposals — selling, swapping, or spending — generally produce miscellaneous income taxed at your progressive rate, and crypto losses do not get the listed-share loss regime."],"ja":["NISAは年360万円（生涯は取得価額で1,800万円）まで投資でき、対象の利益・分配金が非課税です。売却枠は原則翌年に再利用できますが、NISAの損失は課税口座の利益と通算できません。iDeCoは掛金を所得控除し、運用益を非課税で繰り延べ、受取時は年金または退職所得として課税します。暗号資産は別で、売却・交換・決済などの処分は原則雑所得となり累進課税で、損失は上場株式の損益通算制度の対象外です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["New and active investors","People weighing NISA, iDeCo, or crypto"],"ja":["新規・アクティブ投資家","NISA・iDeCo・暗号資産を検討する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Foreign brokerage and cross-border specifics","US taxpayers (PFIC issues)"],"ja":["海外証券・国際課税の詳細","米国納税者（PFIC問題）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Deciding to file dividends or losses affects resident tax, insurance premiums, and dependent status — model the whole picture, not just national tax."],"ja":["配当や損失の申告は住民税・保険料・扶養に影響します。国税だけでなく全体で試算してください。"]},"faqs":["tax-crypto"],"sources":["nta-listed-shares","nta-crypto"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["what-is-nisa","nisa-vs-ideco","crypto-tax-in-japan"]},{"slug":"property-taxes-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national-and-municipal","authorityIds":["nta-real-estate-income","nta-individual","shinjuku-resident-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"rental-income-basis","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-real-estate-income"],"value":{"en":"Rental income includes rent, nonrefundable deposits, and renewal fees; loan principal is not deductible but qualifying interest and depreciation are","ja":"不動産所得には家賃・返還不要の敷金・更新料が含まれ、元本返済は経費不可、対象の利息・減価償却は経費可"}}]},"title":{"en":"Property taxes in Japan","ja":"日本の不動産にかかる税金"},"summary":{"en":"Buying, owning, renting out, and selling property — the taxes at each stage.","ja":"購入・保有・賃貸・売却の各段階でかかる税金。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Buying property brings real-estate acquisition, registration, and stamp taxes; owning it brings annual fixed-asset and city-planning taxes; renting it out creates real-estate income; and selling it is a separate capital-gain transaction — not rental income.","ja":"購入時は不動産取得税・登録免許税・印紙税、保有中は毎年の固定資産税・都市計画税、賃貸すれば不動産所得、売却は不動産所得ではなく別の譲渡所得になります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Purchase: real-estate acquisition tax, registration and license tax, stamp tax, and building consumption tax.","Ownership: annual fixed-asset tax and city-planning tax, assessed and billed by the municipality.","Renting: rent, nonrefundable deposits, and renewal fees are income; interest and depreciation are deductible, principal is not.","Selling: a separate capital gain with holding-period rules — land and building are treated differently."],"ja":["購入：不動産取得税・登録免許税・印紙税、建物部分の消費税。","保有：毎年の固定資産税・都市計画税。市区町村が評価・課税します。","賃貸：家賃・返還不要の敷金・更新料は収入。利息と減価償却は経費、元本は不可。","売却：保有期間で区分される別の譲渡所得。土地と建物で扱いが異なります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"buy-own","heading":{"en":"Buying and owning","ja":"購入と保有"},"body":{"en":["Acquiring real property can trigger real-estate acquisition tax (prefectural), registration and license tax on the title transfer and any mortgage, stamp tax on paper contracts, and consumption tax on the taxable building component (land is treated differently). Registration tax uses statutory rates on assessed values — for example, the ordinary land-sale title-transfer rate is 2%, with temporary reduced rates that must be rechecked by transaction date. Once you own, the municipality bills annual fixed-asset and city-planning taxes based on the January 1 owner and assessed value."],"ja":["不動産の取得では、不動産取得税（都道府県）、所有権移転や抵当権設定の登録免許税、紙の契約書の印紙税、課税対象となる建物部分の消費税（土地は扱いが異なる）がかかり得ます。登録免許税は評価額に法定税率を乗じます（例：土地の売買による移転は原則2%、期日により要確認の臨時軽減あり）。取得後は、1月1日の所有者と評価額に基づき、市区町村が固定資産税・都市計画税を毎年課します。"]}},{"id":"rent-sell","heading":{"en":"Renting out and selling","ja":"賃貸と売却"},"body":{"en":["Rental income includes rents, nonrefundable deposits, renewal fees, and tenant reimbursements. Deductible expenses include fixed-asset tax, insurance, depreciation, repairs, and the rental-related portion of loan interest — but loan principal is never deductible, and capital improvements are depreciated, not expensed. Selling is not rental income: it is a separate capital-gain transaction with short- and long-term holding distinctions, and you must separate land from building because land is not depreciated. Keep the purchase contract, land/building allocation, and depreciation history."],"ja":["不動産所得には家賃・返還不要の敷金・更新料・入居者からの精算金が含まれます。経費は固定資産税・保険・減価償却・修繕・賃貸に対応するローン利息などですが、元本返済は経費にできず、資本的支出は経費ではなく減価償却します。売却は不動産所得ではなく、短期・長期の保有区分がある別の譲渡所得です。土地は減価償却しないため土地と建物を分ける必要があり、購入契約・土地建物の按分・減価償却の履歴を保管します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers, homeowners, and landlords","People selling a Japanese property"],"ja":["購入者・住宅所有者・大家","日本の不動産を売却する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Exact municipal assessments and reliefs","Inheritance of property (separate rules)"],"ja":["自治体ごとの正確な評価・軽減","不動産の相続（別ルール）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Acquisition, registration, and stamp reliefs are temporary and date-sensitive; confirm the rate for your transaction date. Missing cost records on an old property need a professional to reconstruct basis."],"ja":["取得・登録・印紙の軽減は臨時で期日次第です。取引日の税率を確認してください。古い物件で取得費資料がない場合は専門家による取得費の再構成が必要です。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["nta-real-estate-income","nta-individual","shinjuku-resident-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["types-of-taxes-in-japan","complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","rent-vs-buy-japan"]},{"slug":"taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-individual","nta-tax-agent"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"non-permanent-remittance","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-individual"],"value":{"en":"Non-permanent residents are taxed on Japan-source income plus foreign-source income paid in or remitted to Japan","ja":"非永住者は日本源泉所得に加え、日本で支払われた・送金された国外源泉所得が課税対象"}}]},"title":{"en":"Taxes in Japan for foreign residents","ja":"外国人居住者の日本の税金"},"summary":{"en":"Tax residency, worldwide vs Japan-source income, remittances, foreign-tax credits, and moving or leaving Japan.","ja":"居住者区分、全世界所得と日本源泉所得、送金、外国税額控除、来日と出国。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Your tax residency category (not your visa) decides what Japan can tax: non-residents on Japan-source income, non-permanent residents also on foreign income paid in or remitted to Japan, and permanent residents on worldwide income — with treaties and the foreign-tax credit reducing double taxation.","ja":"在留資格ではなく税務上の居住者区分が課税範囲を決めます。非居住者は日本源泉、非永住者は日本で支払われた・送金された国外所得も、永住者は全世界所得に課税され、租税条約と外国税額控除が二重課税を緩和します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Tax residency ≠ immigration status; you can be a tax resident from day one if facts establish a domicile.","“183 days” is not Japan’s universal residence test — domicile and one-year residence are the domestic tests.","Non-permanent residents (≤5 of last 10 years) are taxed on remitted foreign income, not just Japan-source.","Work performed in Japan is Japan-source even when paid into a foreign account by a foreign employer."],"ja":["税務上の居住者区分は在留資格と別。住所があれば初日から居住者になり得ます。","「183日」は日本の万能な居住判定ではありません。住所と1年以上の居所が国内法の基準です。","非永住者（過去10年で5年以下）は日本源泉だけでなく送金した国外所得も課税対象です。","日本で行った労働は、外国雇用主が海外口座に支払っても日本源泉です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"residency-scope","heading":{"en":"Residency and what Japan taxes","ja":"居住者区分と課税範囲"},"body":{"en":["For income tax, you are a non-resident, non-permanent resident, or permanent resident — a tax concept separate from the immigration “permanent resident.” Non-residents are taxed only on Japan-source income; non-permanent residents (non-Japanese who have had a domicile or residence in Japan for no more than five of the last ten years) are also taxed on foreign-source income paid in or remitted to Japan; other residents are taxed on worldwide income. Domicile is your settled center of life — occupation, family, housing, and assets — not a day count, so do not treat “183 days” as the test."],"ja":["所得税では、非居住者・非永住者・永住者に区分され、これは在留資格の「永住」とは別の税務概念です。非居住者は日本源泉所得のみ、非永住者（過去10年で日本に住所・居所を有した期間が5年以下の外国籍者）は日本で支払われた・送金された国外所得も、その他の居住者は全世界所得に課税されます。住所は職業・家族・住居・資産などから見た生活の本拠であり日数ではないため、「183日」を基準にしないでください。"]}},{"id":"cross-border","heading":{"en":"Remittances, credits, and moving","ja":"送金・控除・移動"},"body":{"en":["Remitting overseas income to a Japanese account can create tax for a non-permanent resident under source and ordering rules — do not assume only money kept abroad is safe. A Japanese resident can claim a foreign-tax credit for qualifying foreign income taxes, limited by Japanese ceilings and requiring country, income-category, and payment documentation. When moving in, preserve arrival dates, asset cost basis, equity-compensation records, and remittance records; when leaving, settle the departure-year return and resident tax and appoint a tax agent (納税管理人) if filings, refunds, or notices will arise after you go."],"ja":["国外所得を日本の口座に送金すると、源泉・充当のルールにより非永住者に課税が生じ得ます。海外に置いたお金だけが安全とは限りません。日本の居住者は、対象の外国所得税について外国税額控除を、日本側の限度額の範囲で、国・所得区分・納付の資料をそろえて申請できます。来日時は到着日・資産の取得価額・株式報酬の記録・送金記録を保管し、出国時は出国年分の申告と住民税を精算し、出国後に申告・還付・通知が生じるなら納税管理人を選任します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Newcomers and long-term foreign residents","People with foreign income, assets, or employers"],"ja":["来日者・長期の外国人居住者","国外の所得・資産・雇用主がある方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Treaty- or country-specific advice","US citizenship-based filing (see a US specialist)"],"ja":["租税条約・国別の助言","米国の市民権ベース申告（米国の専門家へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Cross-border tax is highly fact-specific and penalty-sensitive; exit tax can apply at ¥100M of specified assets. Consult a licensed 税理士 before your first year-end and before leaving."],"ja":["国際税務は事実次第で加算税リスクも高く、特定資産1億円で出国税が及び得ます。初回の年末調整前と出国前に税理士へ相談を。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-status","tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-individual","nta-tax-agent"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["japan-tax-residency-explained","how-taxes-work-in-japan","investment-taxes-in-japan"]},{"slug":"when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-refund-return","nta-individual"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"refund-five-year-window","kind":"deadline","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-refund-return"],"value":{"en":"A refund return can generally be filed from January 1 of the following year for five years","ja":"還付申告は翌年1月1日から5年間提出できる"}}]},"title":{"en":"When you should file for a tax refund","ja":"還付申告をすべきとき"},"summary":{"en":"Medical bills, a missed year-end adjustment, the first mortgage year, donations, investment losses, and foreign tax.","ja":"医療費・年末調整漏れ・住宅ローン初年度・寄付・投資損失・外国税。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"File a refund return if you had large medical expenses, left a job without year-end adjustment, are in the first mortgage-credit year, made deductible donations, had an investment loss, or paid foreign tax — you have five years to claim it.","ja":"多額の医療費、年末調整を受けずに退職、住宅ローン控除初年度、寄付、投資損失、外国税の納付などがあれば還付申告を。請求期限は5年です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A refund return is optional and available even when you have no filing obligation.","You can file from January 1 and have five years to claim.","Common triggers: medical deduction, mid-year job exit, first mortgage year, donations, share losses, foreign tax.","Once you file, all income required on that return must be reported consistently."],"ja":["還付申告は任意で、申告義務がなくても提出できます。","1月1日から提出でき、請求期限は5年です。","主な事由：医療費控除・年途中の退職・住宅ローン初年度・寄付・株式損失・外国税。","一度申告すると、その申告に必要な所得はすべて整合的に申告する必要があります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"when","heading":{"en":"Situations that produce a refund","ja":"還付が生じる場面"},"body":{"en":["Withholding is a prepayment, so any year you prepaid more than your final tax you can reclaim the difference. The most common cases are qualifying medical expenses above the threshold, employment that ended before year-end so no employer adjusted you, the first year of a housing-loan credit (which must be filed), eligible donations not fully processed, a listed-share loss set against dividends, and foreign tax paid on income also taxed in Japan."],"ja":["源泉徴収は前払いのため、最終税額より多く前払いした年はその差額を取り戻せます。代表例は、しきい値を超える医療費、年末前の退職で年末調整を受けていない場合、住宅ローン控除の初年度（申告必須）、処理し切れなかった寄付、配当と通算する上場株式の損失、日本でも課税される所得への外国税です。"]}},{"id":"how","heading":{"en":"Claiming it","ja":"請求方法"},"body":{"en":["Gather the withholding certificate and the supporting documents for your deduction, then file through e-Tax or on paper. Because you have five years, a forgotten deduction from a prior year can still be reclaimed. Filing a refund return is voluntary only where no filing obligation otherwise exists."],"ja":["源泉徴収票と控除の証拠書類をそろえ、e-Taxまたは書面で申告します。5年間有効なので、過年度の控除漏れも取り戻せます。還付申告が任意なのは、他に申告義務がない場合に限られます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone who prepaid too much tax","People who left a job mid-year"],"ja":["税を前払いしすぎた方","年の途中で退職した方"]},"notFor":{"en":["People already required to file (do it as a normal return)"],"ja":["既に申告義務がある方（通常の確定申告で）"]},"warnings":{"en":["A refund return is still a return: report income consistently and keep evidence."],"ja":["還付申告も申告です。所得は整合的に申告し、証拠を保管してください。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-refund-return","nta-individual"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return"]},{"slug":"how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-etax","nta-individual"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"filing-window","kind":"deadline","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-individual"],"value":{"en":"The ordinary income-tax return window is about February 16 to March 15 of the following year","ja":"所得税の通常の申告期間は翌年2月16日〜3月15日頃"}}]},"title":{"en":"How to file a Japanese tax return","ja":"確定申告のやり方"},"summary":{"en":"The end-to-end workflow from documents and classification through submission, payment, and records.","ja":"書類・区分から提出・納付・保管までの一連の流れ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Collect your certificates and records, classify every receipt into its income category, calculate income and apply deductions and credits, then submit through e-Tax or the tax office between roughly February 16 and March 15 — and arrange payment separately.","ja":"証明書と記録を集め、すべての収入を所得区分に分類し、所得を計算して控除・税額控除を適用し、おおむね2月16日〜3月15日にe-Taxまたは税務署で提出します。納付は別途手配します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Classify income first — the category decides expenses, losses, and calculation.","Reconcile totals to bank, card, platform, and securities records.","Enter deductions, credits, withholding, and any estimated payments.","Submit via e-Tax (My Number card) or the tax office; filing is not payment."],"ja":["まず所得を区分。区分が経費・損失・計算方法を決めます。","銀行・カード・プラットフォーム・証券の記録と突合します。","控除・税額控除・源泉徴収・予定納税を入力します。","e-Tax（マイナンバーカード）か税務署で提出。提出＝納付ではありません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"workflow","heading":{"en":"The workflow","ja":"流れ"},"body":{"en":["Collect all withholding certificates, payment statements, sales and expense ledgers, broker and pension statements, donation and insurance certificates, medical data, and prior-year carryforward schedules. Classify every receipt, reconcile to your records, calculate business, rental, capital-gain, pension, and miscellaneous income, apply loss-offset and carryforward rules, then enter income deductions, tax credits, withholding, foreign tax, and estimated payments."],"ja":["源泉徴収票・支払調書・売上と経費の帳簿・証券や年金の明細・寄付や保険の証明書・医療費データ・繰越の資料を集めます。すべての収入を区分し、記録と突合し、事業・不動産・譲渡・年金・雑所得を計算し、損益通算と繰越を適用し、所得控除・税額控除・源泉徴収・外国税・予定納税を入力します。"]}},{"id":"submit","heading":{"en":"Submitting and paying","ja":"提出と納付"},"body":{"en":["The NTA Return Preparation Corner builds and transmits the return through e-Tax with a My Number card, and Mynaportal can import supported salary, pension, medical, donation, insurance, and mortgage data. Review the resident-tax and business-tax questions before submitting, retain the acceptance record, and arrange payment separately — filing alone does not pay the tax."],"ja":["国税庁の確定申告書等作成コーナーは、マイナンバーカードでe-Tax送信まで行え、マイナポータル連携で給与・年金・医療費・寄付・保険・住宅ローンの対応データを取り込めます。提出前に住民税・事業税の設問を確認し、受信通知を保管し、納付は別途手配します。提出だけでは納税は完了しません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["First-time filers","Employees with side income or deductions"],"ja":["初めて申告する方","副収入や控除のある会社員"]},"notFor":{"en":["Complex cross-border or business returns (get a 税理士)"],"ja":["複雑な国際・事業の申告（税理士へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["As of October 2025 the NTA stopped issuing new ID-password credentials, so a My Number card is the standard e-Tax route for new users."],"ja":["2025年10月以降、ID・パスワード方式の新規発行は終了し、新規はマイナンバーカードが標準です。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-etax","nta-individual"],"relatedProducts":["freee","money-forward-cloud"],"relatedArticles":["how-to-use-e-tax","documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","japan-tax-return-deadlines"]},{"slug":"japan-tax-return-deadlines","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-individual","nta-consumption-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"income-tax-deadline","kind":"deadline","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-individual"],"value":{"en":"Income-tax return and payment for the prior year are ordinarily due by March 15","ja":"前年分の所得税の申告・納付は原則3月15日期限"}},{"id":"consumption-tax-deadline","kind":"deadline","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-consumption-tax"],"value":{"en":"A sole proprietor’s consumption-tax return is ordinarily due by March 31","ja":"個人事業者の消費税の申告は原則3月31日期限"}}]},"title":{"en":"Japan tax return deadlines","ja":"確定申告の期限"},"summary":{"en":"Income tax, gift tax, consumption tax, estimated payments, and refund-claim timing.","ja":"所得税・贈与税・消費税・予定納税・還付請求の時期。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"For the prior year: income tax is due around February 16–March 15, gift tax February 1–March 15, and sole-proprietor consumption tax by March 31; estimated tax falls in July and November; refund claims can start January 1 and run five years.","ja":"前年分は、所得税が2月16日〜3月15日頃、贈与税が2月1日〜3月15日、個人の消費税が3月31日期限。予定納税は7月と11月、還付は1月1日から5年間です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Income-tax return + payment: about February 16 to March 15.","Gift-tax return: about February 1 to March 15.","Sole-proprietor consumption tax: about March 31.","Estimated tax installments: July 31 and November 30; refund claims: five years."],"ja":["所得税の申告・納付：2月16日〜3月15日頃。","贈与税の申告：2月1日〜3月15日頃。","個人事業者の消費税：3月31日頃。","予定納税：7月31日・11月30日。還付請求：5年。"]},"sections":[{"id":"schedule","heading":{"en":"The expected schedule","ja":"想定スケジュール"},"body":{"en":["For income earned in a calendar year, the ordinary income-tax return runs about February 16 to March 15 of the following year, with payment due by March 15. Gift tax for gifts received that year is filed about February 1 to March 15. A sole proprietor’s consumption-tax return and payment are ordinarily due by March 31. Estimated income-tax installments fall on July 31 and November 30 for taxpayers subject to prepayment."],"ja":["暦年に稼いだ所得について、通常の所得税申告は翌年2月16日〜3月15日頃で、納付期限は3月15日。その年に受けた贈与の贈与税は2月1日〜3月15日頃に申告。個人事業者の消費税の申告・納付は原則3月31日。予定納税の対象者は、7月31日と11月30日が各期の期限です。"]}},{"id":"notes","heading":{"en":"Timing notes","ja":"注意点"},"body":{"en":["Refund claims can be started before the general window and remain available for five years. Exact bank-transfer debit dates are published separately each year, and when a deadline falls on a weekend or holiday it shifts to the next business day. Always confirm the current-year dates on the NTA filing-special site."],"ja":["還付請求は通常期間の前から開始でき、5年間有効です。振替納税の引落日は毎年別途公表され、期限が土日祝の場合は翌営業日にずれます。当年の日付は国税庁の確定申告特集で必ず確認してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone planning their filing year","Freelancers tracking multiple deadlines"],"ja":["申告年の計画を立てる方","複数期限を管理するフリーランス"]},"notFor":{"en":["Corporate fiscal-year deadlines"],"ja":["法人の事業年度の期限"]},"warnings":{"en":["Dates shift for weekends/holidays and can change year to year — confirm the current-year calendar."],"ja":["土日祝や年度で日付は変わります。当年のカレンダーを確認してください。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-individual","nta-consumption-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["japan-tax-calendar","estimated-tax-payments-in-japan","how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return"]},{"slug":"japan-tax-calendar","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national-and-municipal","authorityIds":["nta-individual","shinjuku-resident-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"resident-tax-collection","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["shinjuku-resident-tax"],"value":{"en":"Resident tax for the year is generally collected from June through the following May, based on the prior year’s income","ja":"その年の住民税は前年所得に基づき原則6月〜翌年5月に徴収"}}]},"title":{"en":"Japan tax calendar","ja":"税金の年間カレンダー"},"summary":{"en":"A month-by-month view of obligations for employees, freelancers, landlords, and investors.","ja":"会社員・フリーランス・大家・投資家の月別の義務。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The tax year runs January to December; withholding and monthly bookkeeping happen all year, resident tax is collected June to May, estimated tax falls in July and November, documents arrive in January, and returns are filed February–March.","ja":"税年度は1〜12月。源泉徴収と月次記帳は通年、住民税は6月〜翌5月、予定納税は7月・11月、書類は1月に届き、申告は2〜3月です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["January 1: start of the tax year; January-1 residence matters for resident tax.","June onward: resident tax collection begins, based on last year’s income.","July 31 and November 30: estimated tax installments.","January: certificates arrive; February 16–March 15: file the return."],"ja":["1月1日：税年度開始。1月1日時点の居住地が住民税に影響。","6月〜：前年所得に基づく住民税の徴収開始。","7月31日・11月30日：予定納税の各期。","1月：各種証明書が到着。2月16日〜3月15日：確定申告。"]},"sections":[{"id":"year","heading":{"en":"Through the year","ja":"一年の流れ"},"body":{"en":["January starts the income-tax year, and your January-1 municipality assesses resident tax. All year you reconcile payslips, invoices, bank feeds, securities transactions, crypto disposals, and deductible expenses. From June, resident tax for the year is collected (through the following May) based on the prior year. Employers gather year-end-adjustment documents in October–December, and December 31 fixes many dependent and deduction tests."],"ja":["1月に所得税の年度が始まり、1月1日の市区町村が住民税を課します。通年で給与明細・請求書・口座データ・証券取引・暗号資産の処分・控除対象経費を突合します。6月からその年の住民税が前年分に基づき（翌5月まで）徴収されます。会社は10〜12月に年末調整書類を集め、12月31日で多くの扶養・控除判定が確定します。"]}},{"id":"filing","heading":{"en":"Filing season","ja":"申告シーズン"},"body":{"en":["In January you obtain withholding certificates, annual broker reports, pension statements, and donation and insurance certificates. Gift-tax returns run February 1–March 15, income-tax returns February 16–March 15, and sole-proprietor consumption tax to March 31. Estimated tax, if applicable, is paid July 31 and November 30. Refund claims can be filed earlier and for five years."],"ja":["1月に源泉徴収票・年間取引報告書・年金の源泉徴収票・寄付や保険の証明書を入手します。贈与税は2月1日〜3月15日、所得税は2月16日〜3月15日、個人の消費税は3月31日まで。対象者は予定納税を7月31日・11月30日に納付します。還付は前倒しででき、5年間有効です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Everyone planning the tax year","Freelancers and landlords with several deadlines"],"ja":["税年度を計画する全員","複数期限のあるフリーランス・大家"]},"notFor":{"en":["Exact per-municipality payment dates"],"ja":["自治体ごとの正確な納付日"]},"warnings":{"en":["Municipal payment dates and ordinary-collection choices vary; confirm locally."],"ja":["自治体の納付日や普通徴収の選択は異なります。地元で確認を。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-tax-timing"],"sources":["nta-individual","shinjuku-resident-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["japan-tax-return-deadlines","how-taxes-work-in-japan","estimated-tax-payments-in-japan"]},{"slug":"how-to-use-e-tax","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-etax","nta-mynaportal"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"my-number-standard","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-etax"],"value":{"en":"From October 1, 2025 the NTA stopped newly issuing ID-password credentials, making the My Number card the standard e-Tax method for new users","ja":"2025年10月1日以降、ID・パスワード方式の新規発行は終了し、新規はマイナンバーカード方式が標準"}}]},"title":{"en":"How to use e-Tax","ja":"e-Taxの使い方"},"summary":{"en":"Account setup, My Number authentication, filing, submission records, and common errors.","ja":"アカウント設定・マイナンバー認証・申告・受信記録・よくあるエラー。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"e-Tax is the free national electronic-filing system: authenticate with a My Number card (the standard route for new users since October 2025), prepare the return in the Return Preparation Corner, transmit it, and save the acceptance notice — payment is arranged separately.","ja":"e-Taxは無料の国税電子申告システムです。マイナンバーカードで認証し（2025年10月以降、新規はこれが標準）、作成コーナーで申告書を作り、送信して受信通知を保存します。納付は別手配です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["e-Tax is free and prepares plus transmits national returns.","A My Number card is the standard authentication for new users since October 2025.","Mynaportal can prefill supported salary, pension, medical, donation, insurance, and mortgage data.","Save the acceptance notice; filing is separate from payment."],"ja":["e-Taxは無料で、国税の申告書作成と送信ができます。","2025年10月以降、新規の標準認証はマイナンバーカードです。","マイナポータル連携で給与・年金・医療費・寄付・保険・住宅ローンを自動入力できます。","受信通知を保存。提出と納付は別です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"setup","heading":{"en":"Setup and authentication","ja":"設定と認証"},"body":{"en":["Create an e-Tax account and authenticate. Because the NTA stopped issuing new ID-password credentials on October 1, 2025, new users authenticate with a My Number card via a smartphone or card reader. The card proves your identity so the return can be transmitted without paper. Existing ID-password users can continue under the transitional rules."],"ja":["e-Taxのアカウントを作成し認証します。2025年10月1日にID・パスワード方式の新規発行が終了したため、新規はスマホまたはICカードリーダーでマイナンバーカードを使って認証します。カードで本人確認が済み、書面なしで送信できます。既存のID・パスワード利用者は経過措置で継続できます。"]}},{"id":"file","heading":{"en":"Filing and records","ja":"申告と記録"},"body":{"en":["Prepare the return in the Return Preparation Corner, using Mynaportal to import supported certificates where available, then transmit. Keep the acceptance notice (受信通知) as proof of filing. Common snags are card-reader/app issues, an expired certificate, and confusing filing with payment — you still choose a payment method afterward."],"ja":["作成コーナーで申告書を作り、可能ならマイナポータル連携で対応証明書を取り込み、送信します。受信通知を提出の証拠として保管します。よくあるつまずきは、カードリーダー/アプリの不具合、証明書の有効期限切れ、そして提出と納付の混同です。送信後に納付方法を選びます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone filing electronically","Employees and simple sole proprietors"],"ja":["電子申告する方","会社員・簡易な個人事業者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Full bookkeeping (e-Tax is not a ledger)"],"ja":["本格的な記帳（e-Taxは会計帳簿ではない）"]},"warnings":{"en":["My Number card certificates expire and need renewal; check validity before filing season."],"ja":["マイナンバーカードの電子証明書は期限があり更新が必要です。申告前に有効期限を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-etax","nta-mynaportal"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","how-to-pay-japanese-taxes"]},{"slug":"documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-individual"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"documents-by-type","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-individual"],"value":{"en":"Required documents depend on your income types and the deductions you claim","ja":"必要書類は所得の種類と申請する控除によって異なる"}}]},"title":{"en":"Documents needed to file taxes in Japan","ja":"確定申告に必要な書類"},"summary":{"en":"A personalized document list by employment, business, rental, investment, overseas income, and deductions.","ja":"給与・事業・不動産・投資・国外所得・控除ごとの必要書類一覧。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The documents you need depend on your situation: withholding certificates for salary, ledgers and receipts for business, leases and loan statements for rental, annual reports for securities, transaction exports for crypto, and specific certificates for each deduction.","ja":"必要書類は状況次第です。給与は源泉徴収票、事業は帳簿と領収書、不動産は賃貸借契約とローン明細、証券は年間取引報告書、暗号資産は取引データ、控除ごとに各証明書が必要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Employment: all withholding certificates and employer reimbursements.","Business/rental: sales and expense ledgers, invoices, loan statements, fixed-asset list.","Investments: annual broker reports, dividend statements, crypto exports.","Deductions: insurance, pension, medical, donation, and dependent documents."],"ja":["給与：すべての源泉徴収票と会社の精算書。","事業・不動産：売上と経費の帳簿・請求書・ローン明細・固定資産一覧。","投資：年間取引報告書・配当明細・暗号資産の取引データ。","控除：保険・年金・医療費・寄付・扶養の各書類。"]},"sections":[{"id":"by-income","heading":{"en":"By income type","ja":"所得別"},"body":{"en":["Employment needs every withholding certificate (including from former employers) and reimbursement records. Business needs the sales ledger, invoices, bank and card exports, receipts, and the fixed-asset list. Rental needs the lease, rent ledger, purchase allocation between land and building, loan statement, and tax notices. Securities need annual transaction and dividend statements (plus foreign-broker CSVs), and crypto needs complete transaction exports, wallet addresses, and a cost-basis report."],"ja":["給与は（前職を含む）すべての源泉徴収票と精算記録。事業は売上帳・請求書・銀行/カードデータ・領収書・固定資産一覧。不動産は賃貸借契約・家賃台帳・土地建物の按分・ローン明細・課税通知。証券は年間取引報告書と配当明細（海外はCSV）、暗号資産は全取引データ・ウォレットアドレス・取得原価レポートが必要です。"]}},{"id":"by-deduction","heading":{"en":"By deduction","ja":"控除別"},"body":{"en":["Each deduction has its own evidence: insurance and pension certificates, medical statements with retained receipts, donation certificates, dependent relationship and (for overseas dependents) remittance documents, and — for the mortgage credit — loan balance, registry, contracts, and energy certificates. For gifts or inheritance, keep donor/decedent details, valuations, a family tree, and records of prior gifts."],"ja":["控除ごとに証拠が異なります。保険・年金の証明書、領収書を保管した医療費明細、寄付の証明書、扶養の続柄書類（国外扶養は送金記録）、住宅ローン控除はローン残高証明・登記・契約・省エネ証明。贈与や相続は、贈与者/被相続人の情報・評価・家系図・過去の贈与記録を保管します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone preparing to file","People assembling records for an accountant"],"ja":["申告準備をする方","税理士向けに書類を整える方"]},"notFor":{"en":["A guarantee that a deduction applies to you"],"ja":["控除の適用を保証するものではない"]},"warnings":{"en":["Keep receipts even when only a summary is filed — medical receipts are generally retained five years."],"ja":["明細のみ提出でも領収書は保管を。医療費の領収書は原則5年間保管です。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-individual"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan","complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan"]},{"slug":"how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-payment-methods"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"filing-not-payment","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-payment-methods"],"value":{"en":"Filing a return does not pay the tax; payment is arranged separately by transfer, direct debit, online, card, or convenience store","ja":"申告と納付は別。納付は振込・振替・オンライン・カード・コンビニ等で別途行う"}}]},"title":{"en":"How to pay Japanese taxes","ja":"税金の納め方"},"summary":{"en":"Bank transfer, account transfer (振替納税), online payment, card, and proof of payment.","ja":"銀行振込・振替納税・オンライン・カード・納付の証明。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Filing and payment are separate steps. You can pay national tax by account transfer (direct debit), internet banking, credit card, convenience store, smartphone app, e-Tax direct payment, or at the bank — keep proof of payment.","ja":"申告と納付は別の手続きです。国税は振替納税・ネットバンキング・クレジットカード・コンビニ・スマホアプリ・e-Taxダイレクト納付・金融機関窓口で納付でき、納付の証明を保管します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Filing is not payment — you must pay separately by the deadline.","Account transfer (振替納税) auto-debits on a published later date.","Options include internet banking, card, convenience store, and app payment.","Keep proof of payment; card payments carry a fee."],"ja":["提出＝納付ではありません。期限までに別途納付が必要です。","振替納税は、公表される後日の期日に自動引落しされます。","ネットバンキング・カード・コンビニ・アプリ納付などが選べます。","納付の証明を保管。カード納付は手数料がかかります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"methods","heading":{"en":"Payment methods","ja":"納付方法"},"body":{"en":["National tax can be paid by account transfer (振替納税), which auto-debits from your bank on a separately published date; by internet banking or direct payment through e-Tax; by credit card (with a processing fee); at a convenience store with a QR/barcode within limits; by smartphone app payment; or in cash at a bank or tax office. Account transfer is convenient because it moves the debit date later than the filing deadline."],"ja":["国税は、振替納税（別途公表の期日に口座から自動引落し）、ネットバンキングやe-Taxのダイレクト納付、クレジットカード（手数料あり）、コンビニ（QR/バーコード、上限あり）、スマホアプリ納付、金融機関や税務署の窓口での現金納付が使えます。振替納税は引落日が申告期限より後になり便利です。"]}},{"id":"proof","heading":{"en":"Proof and timing","ja":"証明と時期"},"body":{"en":["Whatever method you choose, keep evidence — the receipt, bank record, or e-Tax payment record. Interest for late payment (延滞税) accrues from the day after the deadline, so pay on time even if you filed early. If you genuinely cannot pay, contact the tax office promptly about a grace of payment rather than ignoring the bill."],"ja":["いずれの方法でも、領収書・口座記録・e-Taxの納付区分などの証拠を保管します。延滞税は期限の翌日から発生するため、早く申告しても納付は期限までに行います。どうしても払えない場合は、放置せず税務署に納税の猶予を早めに相談してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone who owes tax after filing","Freelancers managing cash flow"],"ja":["申告後に納税がある方","資金繰りを管理するフリーランス"]},"notFor":{"en":["Resident-tax payment questions (ask your municipality)"],"ja":["住民税の納付（市区町村へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Late payment accrues delinquent tax from the day after the deadline; contact the office early if you cannot pay."],"ja":["納付遅延は期限翌日から延滞税が発生します。払えない場合は早めに相談を。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-payment-methods"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes","japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","estimated-tax-payments-in-japan"]},{"slug":"estimated-tax-payments-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-estimated-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"estimated-installments","kind":"deadline","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-estimated-tax"],"value":{"en":"Estimated income tax is generally paid in two installments, due July 31 and November 30, each commonly one-third of the prepayment base","ja":"予定納税は原則7月31日・11月30日の2回、各回は予定納税基準額のおおむね3分の1"}}]},"title":{"en":"Estimated tax payments in Japan","ja":"予定納税"},"summary":{"en":"Who gets notices, the July and November installments, the calculation basis, and reduction applications.","ja":"通知が来る人、7月・11月の納付、計算基礎、減額申請。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"If your prior-year return produces a sufficient prepayment base, the NTA sends a notice and you prepay income tax in two installments (July 31 and November 30), each about one-third of the base, reconciled on your next return — with a reduction application available if income drops.","ja":"前年の申告で基準額が一定以上だと国税庁から通知が来て、7月31日・11月30日の2回、各回おおむね基準額の3分の1を前払いし、翌年の申告で精算します。所得が下がれば減額申請ができます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Triggered when your prepayment base from the prior year is high enough.","Two installments: July 31 and November 30, each ~one-third of the base.","It is a prepayment reconciled on the following year’s return.","A reduction application is possible when current income falls substantially."],"ja":["前年の予定納税基準額が一定以上だと発生します。","2回払い：7月31日・11月30日、各回おおむね基準額の3分の1。","前払いで、翌年の確定申告で精算します。","当年の所得が大きく下がる場合は減額申請ができます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"who","heading":{"en":"Who pays and how much","ja":"対象者と金額"},"body":{"en":["When your prior-year return leaves a prepayment base above the statutory line, the tax office notifies you and you prepay in July and November. Each installment is commonly one-third of the base. This is not an extra tax — it is your next year’s income tax paid early, and the two installments plus withholding are credited when you file."],"ja":["前年の申告で予定納税基準額が一定額を超えると税務署から通知が来て、7月と11月に前払いします。各回はおおむね基準額の3分の1です。これは追加の税ではなく翌年の所得税の前払いで、2回分と源泉徴収は申告時に充当されます。"]}},{"id":"reduction","heading":{"en":"Reduction applications","ja":"減額申請"},"body":{"en":["If your current-year income will be substantially lower — you closed a business, took leave, or lost a major client — you can apply to reduce the prepayment so you are not overpaying and waiting for a refund. Apply by the published deadline with supporting estimates. The final reconciliation still happens on your return."],"ja":["当年の所得が大きく下がる見込み（廃業・休業・主要取引先の喪失など）なら、減額申請で前払いを減らし、払い過ぎて還付を待つ事態を避けられます。見積り資料を添えて公表期限までに申請します。最終精算は確定申告で行います。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Freelancers and higher-income filers","Anyone who got a prepayment notice"],"ja":["フリーランス・高所得の申告者","予定納税の通知が来た方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Most employees settled by withholding"],"ja":["源泉徴収で完結する多くの会社員"]},"warnings":{"en":["Skipping an installment accrues delinquent tax; apply for a reduction rather than simply not paying."],"ja":["未納は延滞税の対象です。単に払わないのではなく減額申請を。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-estimated-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","freelancer-income-tax-japan","japan-tax-calendar"]},{"slug":"how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-bookkeeping"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"retention-periods","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-bookkeeping"],"value":{"en":"Blue-return books and many records are generally kept 7 years (some categories 5); consumption-tax invoice records 7 years","ja":"青色申告の帳簿等は原則7年（一部5年）、消費税の請求書等は7年保存"}}]},"title":{"en":"How long to keep tax records in Japan","ja":"税務書類の保存期間"},"summary":{"en":"Retention periods for employees, blue and white returns, digital records, receipts, and invoices.","ja":"会社員・青色/白色申告・電子記録・領収書・請求書の保存期間。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Blue-return books and most business records are generally kept seven years (some categories five); white-return taxpayers have five- and seven-year obligations; consumption-tax invoices are kept seven years; and medical receipts for a filed deduction are kept five years.","ja":"青色申告の帳簿と多くの事業書類は原則7年（一部5年）、白色申告も5年・7年の義務があり、消費税の請求書等は7年、申告した医療費控除の領収書は5年保存します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Blue return: books and key records generally seven years (some five).","White return: five- and seven-year retention obligations still apply.","Consumption-tax invoices and books: seven years.","Medical receipts for a filed deduction: five years."],"ja":["青色申告：帳簿・主要書類は原則7年（一部5年）。","白色申告：5年・7年の保存義務があります。","消費税の請求書・帳簿：7年。","申告した医療費控除の領収書：5年。"]},"sections":[{"id":"periods","heading":{"en":"The retention periods","ja":"保存期間"},"body":{"en":["For a blue-return sole proprietor, journals, ledgers, and most supporting documents are generally kept seven years, with some categories (certain receipts) five. White-return taxpayers also face five- and seven-year obligations. Consumption-tax records — books and the invoices needed for input credits — are generally kept seven years. Employees keep their withholding certificates and, for a filed medical deduction, receipts for five years."],"ja":["青色申告の個人事業者は、仕訳帳・元帳・多くの証憑を原則7年、一部（一定の領収書等）は5年保存します。白色申告も5年・7年の義務があります。消費税の記録（帳簿と仕入税額控除に必要な請求書等）は原則7年。会社員は源泉徴収票を、申告した医療費控除は領収書を5年保存します。"]}},{"id":"digital","heading":{"en":"Digital records","ja":"電子記録"},"body":{"en":["Under the electronic-record rules, invoices and documents you receive electronically generally must be preserved electronically — you cannot simply print and discard the digital original. Keep a consistent, searchable filing system, because the retention clock runs from the filing deadline and applies across audit, refund, and loss-carryforward periods."],"ja":["電子帳簿保存法の下では、電子的に受け取った請求書等は原則として電子で保存する必要があり、印刷して原本を破棄することはできません。保存期間は申告期限から起算し、税務調査・還付・損失繰越の各期間に及ぶため、検索可能で一貫した保存体制を保ちましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Freelancers and landlords","Anyone claiming deductions with receipts"],"ja":["フリーランス・大家","領収書で控除を申請する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Corporate record-retention rules"],"ja":["法人の書類保存ルール"]},"warnings":{"en":["Electronic invoices generally must be kept electronically; printing and discarding the original can breach the rules."],"ja":["電子の請求書は原則電子で保存を。印刷して原本破棄はルール違反となり得ます。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-bookkeeping"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","business-expenses-deductions-japan","consumption-tax-freelancers-japan"]},{"slug":"mistake-on-your-tax-return","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-amended-return","nta-refund-return"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"amend-vs-correction","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-amended-return"],"value":{"en":"Underreported tax is fixed by an amended return (修正申告); overreported tax by a request for correction (更正の請求), generally within five years","ja":"過少は修正申告、過大は更正の請求（原則5年以内）で訂正する"}}]},"title":{"en":"What to do if you made a mistake on your tax return","ja":"確定申告を間違えたとき"},"summary":{"en":"Amended returns, requests for correction, supporting records, and deadlines.","ja":"修正申告・更正の請求・添付資料・期限。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"If you paid too little, file an amended return (修正申告); if you paid too much, file a request for correction (更正の請求) — generally within five years — and a voluntary correction before an audit notice avoids the ordinary understatement penalty.","ja":"過少なら修正申告、過大なら更正の請求（原則5年以内）を行います。税務調査の通知前に自主的に訂正すれば、通常の過少申告加算税は課されません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Underreported tax → amended return (修正申告).","Overreported tax → request for correction (更正の請求), generally within five years.","Voluntary correction before an audit notice avoids the understatement penalty (interest may remain).","A wrong resident-tax notice is fixed with the municipality, not the tax office."],"ja":["過少 → 修正申告。","過大 → 更正の請求（原則5年以内）。","調査通知前の自主訂正なら過少申告加算税は回避（延滞税は残り得る）。","住民税通知の誤りは税務署ではなく市区町村で訂正。"]},"sections":[{"id":"fix","heading":{"en":"Fixing an error","ja":"誤りの訂正"},"body":{"en":["If you understated tax, file an amended return and pay the difference; if you overstated it, file a request for correction to reclaim the excess, generally within five years of the original deadline. Attach the records that support the change. If the mistake was in a payer’s withholding certificate, ask the payer to correct it before adjusting your return."],"ja":["過少なら修正申告して差額を納付し、過大なら更正の請求で払い過ぎを取り戻します（原則、当初期限から5年以内）。変更を裏づける資料を添付します。誤りが支払者の源泉徴収票にある場合は、申告を直す前に支払者へ訂正を依頼します。"]}},{"id":"penalty","heading":{"en":"Penalties and timing","ja":"加算税と時期"},"body":{"en":["A voluntary correction made before the tax office contacts you generally avoids the understatement penalty, though delinquent interest can still apply for the period the tax was unpaid. The sooner you correct, the lower the cost. For a resident-tax notice error, contact your municipality — the national tax office cannot fix a municipal assessment."],"ja":["税務署から接触される前の自主的な訂正なら、通常は過少申告加算税を回避できますが、未納期間の延滞税は残り得ます。早く直すほど負担は小さくなります。住民税通知の誤りは市区町村へ。税務署は住民税の賦課を訂正できません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone who spotted an error after filing","People who received a correction notice"],"ja":["申告後に誤りに気づいた方","更正通知を受けた方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Deliberate concealment (get professional representation)"],"ja":["意図的な仮装隠蔽（専門家の関与を）"]},"warnings":{"en":["If the error is large or involves omitted income, consult a 税理士 before responding."],"ja":["誤りが大きい、または所得の申告漏れを含む場合は、対応前に税理士へ相談を。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-amended-return","nta-refund-return"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["late-tax-returns-in-japan","japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","understanding-japanese-tax-notices"]},{"slug":"late-tax-returns-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-penalties"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"late-return-procedure","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-penalties"],"value":{"en":"A late return (期限後申告) can be filed after the deadline but may carry a non-filing penalty and delinquent tax; voluntary filing before contact reduces penalties","ja":"期限後申告は可能だが無申告加算税・延滞税が生じ得る。接触前の自主申告で加算税は軽減"}}]},"title":{"en":"Late tax returns in Japan","ja":"期限後申告"},"summary":{"en":"The late-return procedure, penalties, voluntary filing, and payment arrangements.","ja":"期限後申告の手続き・加算税・自主申告・納付の手配。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"You can still file after the deadline as a late return (期限後申告); filing voluntarily before the tax office contacts you reduces the non-filing penalty, but delinquent tax accrues from the day after the deadline — so file and pay as soon as possible.","ja":"期限後でも期限後申告として提出できます。税務署の接触前に自主申告すれば無申告加算税は軽減されますが、延滞税は期限翌日から発生するため、できるだけ早く申告・納付します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Late filing is possible via 期限後申告 — do not skip filing entirely.","Voluntary filing before contact reduces the non-filing penalty.","Delinquent tax accrues from the day after the deadline.","If you cannot pay, ask about a grace of payment rather than not filing."],"ja":["期限後申告で提出可能。申告自体を放置しないこと。","接触前の自主申告で無申告加算税は軽減。","延滞税は期限翌日から発生。","払えない場合は、申告せず放置せず納税の猶予を相談。"]},"sections":[{"id":"procedure","heading":{"en":"Filing late","ja":"期限後の申告"},"body":{"en":["The procedure is the same return, filed after the deadline. The key is to file voluntarily: if you come forward before the tax office contacts you, the non-filing penalty is generally lighter than if they find it first. Several late years can be filed together; a 税理士 can help if records are incomplete or income was omitted."],"ja":["手続きは同じ申告書を期限後に提出するだけです。重要なのは自主的に申告することです。税務署の接触前に自ら申告すれば、無申告加算税は先に指摘された場合より軽くなるのが原則です。複数年をまとめて申告でき、記録が不十分だったり申告漏れがある場合は税理士が支援できます。"]}},{"id":"pay","heading":{"en":"Paying and penalties","ja":"納付と加算税"},"body":{"en":["Delinquent tax runs from the day after the original deadline, so pay as soon as you file. Non-filing and understatement penalties, and aggravated penalties for concealment, depend on conduct, timing, and disclosure. If you cannot pay in full, contact the office about a grace of payment — usually available for up to a year where conditions are met."],"ja":["延滞税は当初期限の翌日から発生するため、申告したらすぐ納付します。無申告・過少申告の加算税、仮装隠蔽の重加算税は、態様・時期・開示状況で決まります。全額払えない場合は納税の猶予（要件を満たせば通常最長1年）を相談してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone who missed a filing deadline","People with several unfiled years"],"ja":["申告期限を過ぎた方","未申告年が複数ある方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Cases involving deliberate concealment (get a 税理士)"],"ja":["意図的な隠蔽を含むケース（税理士へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Waiting for the tax office to find you generally increases penalties — voluntary filing is cheaper."],"ja":["指摘を待つほど加算税は重くなりがちです。自主申告の方が負担は軽くなります。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-penalties"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","mistake-on-your-tax-return","what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes"]},{"slug":"japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-penalties","nta-delinquent-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"delinquent-rates-2026","kind":"rate","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-delinquent-tax"],"value":{"en":"For 2026 the delinquent-tax rates under the statutory formula are about 2.8% for the initial period and 9.1% afterward","ja":"2026年の延滞税は法定の算式により当初約2.8%、その後約9.1%"}}]},"title":{"en":"Japan tax penalties and interest","ja":"加算税と延滞税"},"summary":{"en":"Understatement, non-filing, non-payment, aggravated penalties, and delinquent interest.","ja":"過少申告・無申告・不納付・重加算税・延滞税。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Japan adds penalties for understating, not filing, or not paying tax — plus aggravated penalties for concealment and delinquent interest (about 2.8% then 9.1% in 2026). Correcting voluntarily before the tax office contacts you generally reduces or removes the penalty.","ja":"日本は過少申告・無申告・不納付に加算税を、仮装隠蔽に重加算税を、遅延に延滞税（2026年は当初約2.8%、その後約9.1%）を課します。税務署の接触前の自主訂正で加算税は軽減・免除されるのが原則です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Understatement, non-filing, and non-payment each have their own additional tax.","Concealment or falsification triggers a heavier aggravated penalty (重加算税).","2026 delinquent-tax rates: about 2.8% initially, 9.1% after the initial period.","Voluntary correction before contact generally lowers or removes the penalty."],"ja":["過少申告・無申告・不納付にそれぞれ加算税があります。","仮装・隠蔽には重い重加算税が課されます。","2026年の延滞税：当初約2.8%、その後約9.1%。","接触前の自主訂正で加算税は軽減・免除されるのが原則。"]},"sections":[{"id":"types","heading":{"en":"The penalties","ja":"加算税の種類"},"body":{"en":["The understatement penalty applies when an amended return increases tax; the non-filing penalty applies when no return was filed by the deadline; the non-payment (unpaid-withholding) penalty applies to certain withholding failures; and the aggravated penalty (重加算税) applies where facts were concealed or falsified. Rates depend on the amount and whether you disclosed before or after tax-office contact."],"ja":["過少申告加算税は修正申告で税額が増えた場合、無申告加算税は期限までに申告がない場合、不納付加算税は一定の源泉徴収の不履行に、重加算税は事実の仮装・隠蔽があった場合に課されます。割合は金額と、税務署の接触前か後かの開示状況で決まります。"]}},{"id":"interest","heading":{"en":"Delinquent interest","ja":"延滞税"},"body":{"en":["Separately from penalties, delinquent tax (延滞税) accrues on unpaid tax from the day after the deadline. Under the statutory formula the 2026 rates are roughly 2.8% for the initial period and 9.1% afterward, so the cost climbs the longer tax stays unpaid. Because voluntary correction cuts penalties but not necessarily interest, act quickly on both filing and payment."],"ja":["加算税とは別に、延滞税は未納の税に期限翌日から発生します。法定の算式により2026年はおおむね当初2.8%、その後9.1%で、未納が長引くほど負担が増えます。自主訂正は加算税を軽減しても延滞税は必ずしも減らないため、申告と納付の両方を速やかに。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone facing a penalty or late payment","People weighing voluntary disclosure"],"ja":["加算税や延滞に直面する方","自主開示を検討する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Exact penalty computation for your case (get a 税理士)"],"ja":["個別の正確な加算税計算（税理士へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Rates and thresholds change; confirm the current-year figures and consult a professional for large amounts."],"ja":["割合や基準は変わります。当年の数値を確認し、金額が大きい場合は専門家へ。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-penalties","nta-delinquent-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["late-tax-returns-in-japan","mistake-on-your-tax-return","what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes"]},{"slug":"what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-grace"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"grace-one-year","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-grace"],"value":{"en":"A grace of tax payment can ordinarily be granted for up to one year where conditions are met","ja":"要件を満たせば納税の猶予は原則最長1年まで認められ得る"}}]},"title":{"en":"What to do when you cannot pay your taxes","ja":"税金が払えないとき"},"summary":{"en":"Contacting the tax office, payment grace, documentation, installments, and avoiding enforcement.","ja":"税務署への相談・納税の猶予・必要書類・分割・滞納処分の回避。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Do not ignore the bill: contact the tax office promptly and apply for a grace of payment, which can ordinarily be granted for up to a year with installments and reduced or waived delinquent tax — ignoring it risks enforcement against your assets.","ja":"放置せず、速やかに税務署に相談し納税の猶予を申請します。要件を満たせば原則1年まで、分割や延滞税の軽減・免除が認められ得ます。放置すると財産の滞納処分のおそれがあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Contact the tax office before the bill goes to enforcement.","A grace of payment can run up to a year with installments.","Grace can reduce or waive some delinquent tax.","You generally still must file on time even if you cannot pay in full."],"ja":["滞納処分になる前に税務署へ相談を。","納税の猶予は分割で最長1年まで認められ得ます。","猶予で延滞税の一部が軽減・免除されることも。","全額払えなくても、期限内の申告は原則必要です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"grace","heading":{"en":"Applying for grace","ja":"猶予の申請"},"body":{"en":["If paying in full would make it hard to sustain your business or living, apply for a grace of payment. With supporting documentation of your financial situation, the office can grant a grace — ordinarily up to one year — allowing installments and, in qualifying cases, reducing or waiving delinquent tax. The point is to engage early rather than let the debt escalate."],"ja":["全額納付で事業や生活の維持が困難なら、納税の猶予を申請します。資力を示す資料を添えれば、原則最長1年の猶予が認められ、分割納付や、要件を満たせば延滞税の軽減・免除が可能です。要は、債務が膨らむ前に早めに相談することです。"]}},{"id":"avoid","heading":{"en":"Avoiding enforcement","ja":"滞納処分の回避"},"body":{"en":["Unaddressed tax debt can lead to demands and eventually seizure of assets such as bank accounts or receivables. Filing on time (even when you cannot pay) and opening a conversation about payment both help. If the amount is large or your situation is complex, a 税理士 can help present the application and negotiate terms."],"ja":["未対応の税債務は督促、最終的には預金や売掛金などの差押えに至り得ます。（払えなくても）期限内に申告し、納付について相談を始めることが有効です。金額が大きい、または状況が複雑な場合は、税理士が申請の作成や条件交渉を支援できます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone who cannot pay a tax bill in full","Freelancers in a cash-flow crunch"],"ja":["税を全額払えない方","資金繰りが厳しいフリーランス"]},"notFor":{"en":["Resident-tax arrears (also contact your municipality)"],"ja":["住民税の滞納（市区町村にも相談）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Ignoring the bill risks demands and seizure; early contact preserves your options."],"ja":["放置は督促・差押えのリスク。早めの相談で選択肢を残せます。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-grace"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","late-tax-returns-in-japan"]},{"slug":"understanding-japanese-tax-notices","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national-and-municipal","authorityIds":["nta-individual","shinjuku-resident-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"notice-authority-split","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["shinjuku-resident-tax"],"value":{"en":"National tax notices come from the tax office; resident-tax notices come from the municipality — respond to the right authority","ja":"国税の通知は税務署、住民税の通知は市区町村。正しい窓口に対応する"}}]},"title":{"en":"Understanding Japanese tax notices","ja":"税の通知の読み方"},"summary":{"en":"National tax notices, resident-tax notices, estimated-payment notices, corrections, and payment demands.","ja":"国税の通知・住民税の通知・予定納税通知・更正・督促。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Tax mail comes from two authorities: the national tax office (income tax, estimated-payment notices, corrections, demands) and your municipality (resident tax) — identify which tax and which office before you respond, and never ignore a demand.","ja":"税の郵便物は2つの機関から届きます。税務署（所得税・予定納税通知・更正・督促）と市区町村（住民税）です。対応前にどの税・どの窓口かを見極め、督促は決して放置しないこと。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["National tax office: income-tax, estimated-payment, correction, and demand notices.","Municipality: resident-tax assessment and payment notices.","A correction notice (更正) changes your assessed tax — check the reason.","A demand (督促) is a serious step before enforcement — act on it."],"ja":["税務署：所得税・予定納税・更正・督促の通知。","市区町村：住民税の課税・納付通知。","更正の通知は税額を変更するもの。理由を確認。","督促は滞納処分前の重要な段階。必ず対応を。"]},"sections":[{"id":"kinds","heading":{"en":"Kinds of notice","ja":"通知の種類"},"body":{"en":["From the tax office you may receive an estimated-payment notice (July/November prepayment), a correction notice (更正) changing your assessed tax, or a payment demand (督促). From your municipality you receive the resident-tax assessment and payment slips. Each states an amount, a reason or basis, and a deadline — read all three before acting."],"ja":["税務署からは、予定納税の通知（7月・11月の前払い）、税額を変更する更正の通知、督促状などが届きます。市区町村からは住民税の課税決定と納付書が届きます。いずれも金額・理由や根拠・期限が書かれています。対応前に3点を必ず確認しましょう。"]}},{"id":"respond","heading":{"en":"Responding correctly","ja":"正しい対応"},"body":{"en":["Match the notice to the right office: a resident-tax error is fixed by the municipality, not the tax office, and vice versa. If you disagree with a correction, there are objection procedures with their own deadlines. If a notice is an information request or audit notice, prepare your records and consider professional representation before responding."],"ja":["通知を正しい窓口に対応させます。住民税の誤りは市区町村、国税は税務署で、取り違えないこと。更正に不服があれば、期限のある不服申立ての手続きがあります。通知が資料提出の求めや調査の通知なら、記録を整え、対応前に専門家の関与を検討します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone who received tax mail they do not understand","New residents"],"ja":["意味の分からない税の郵便物を受けた方","新住民"]},"notFor":{"en":["Formal dispute drafting (get a professional)"],"ja":["正式な不服申立ての作成（専門家へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never ignore a demand or audit notice; deadlines for objections are short."],"ja":["督促や調査通知は放置しないこと。不服申立ての期限は短いです。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-tax-timing"],"sources":["nta-individual","shinjuku-resident-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","national-vs-municipal-tax-problems","estimated-tax-payments-in-japan"]},{"slug":"japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-audit"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"audit-representation","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-audit"],"value":{"en":"In a tax examination you may be represented by a licensed tax accountant (税理士) and should present books and evidence","ja":"税務調査では税理士に代理を依頼でき、帳簿・証拠を提示する"}}]},"title":{"en":"Japan tax audit guide for individuals","ja":"個人の税務調査ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"Audit triggers, requests for information, preparation, representation, and common mistakes.","ja":"調査の契機・資料の求め・準備・代理・よくある誤り。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A tax examination is usually a document-based review of your income and expenses; prepare by organizing your books and evidence, you may be represented by a 税理士, and the common mistakes are guessing, hiding records, or answering beyond what you know.","ja":"税務調査は通常、所得と経費を帳簿で確認する手続きです。帳簿と証拠を整理して備え、税理士に代理を依頼でき、よくある誤りは、推測で答える・記録を隠す・分からないことまで答えることです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Audits often follow anomalies: large deductions, cash businesses, or inconsistent records.","You will be asked for books, invoices, and evidence — organize them in advance.","You may be represented by a licensed tax accountant (税理士).","Do not guess or conceal; answer accurately and provide supporting records."],"ja":["調査は異常値（大きな控除・現金商売・不整合な記録）が契機になりがち。","帳簿・請求書・証拠の提示を求められます。事前に整理を。","税理士に代理を依頼できます。","推測や隠蔽は避け、正確に答え、裏づけ資料を示す。"]},"sections":[{"id":"prepare","heading":{"en":"Preparation","ja":"準備"},"body":{"en":["If you are notified of an examination, gather your books, invoices, contracts, bank and card records, and the documentation behind any large or unusual deductions. The examiner tests whether your reported income and expenses match your records and reality. Reconstructing missing records and reconciling accounts before the visit reduces friction and surprises."],"ja":["調査の通知を受けたら、帳簿・請求書・契約・銀行やカードの記録、大きい/異例の控除の裏づけ資料を集めます。調査官は、申告した所得と経費が記録と実態に合うかを確認します。事前に不足資料を再構成し勘定を突合しておくと、摩擦や想定外を減らせます。"]}},{"id":"conduct","heading":{"en":"During and after","ja":"調査中・調査後"},"body":{"en":["You may appoint a licensed tax accountant to attend and represent you. Answer questions accurately, provide the records requested, and avoid guessing or concealment — an aggravated penalty applies to falsification. If the examiner proposes adjustments you dispute, there are objection procedures. For anything beyond routine, professional representation is worthwhile."],"ja":["税理士を代理人として立ち会わせることができます。質問には正確に答え、求められた記録を提示し、推測や隠蔽は避けます（仮装には重加算税）。調査官の是正案に不服があれば不服申立ての手続きがあります。定型を超える事案では、専門家の代理が有効です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone notified of an examination","Freelancers and landlords with complex records"],"ja":["調査の通知を受けた方","記録が複雑なフリーランス・大家"]},"notFor":{"en":["Corporate audits"],"ja":["法人の調査"]},"warnings":{"en":["Concealment or falsification triggers the aggravated penalty; get a 税理士 if income was omitted."],"ja":["仮装・隠蔽は重加算税の対象。所得の申告漏れがある場合は税理士へ。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-audit"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["understanding-japanese-tax-notices","japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan"]},{"slug":"national-vs-municipal-tax-problems","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national-and-municipal","authorityIds":["nta-individual","shinjuku-resident-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"which-authority","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["shinjuku-resident-tax"],"value":{"en":"Income tax and consumption tax are national (tax office); resident, enterprise, fixed-asset, and acquisition taxes are local (municipality/prefecture)","ja":"所得税・消費税は国税（税務署）、住民税・事業税・固定資産税・取得税は地方税（市区町村/都道府県）"}}]},"title":{"en":"National tax problems vs municipal tax problems","ja":"国税の問題と地方税の問題"},"summary":{"en":"Which authority to contact for income tax, resident tax, property tax, enterprise tax, or a notice error.","ja":"所得税・住民税・固定資産税・事業税・通知の誤りは、どの窓口か。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Income tax, consumption tax, gift and inheritance tax are national — handled by the tax office (税務署); resident tax, individual enterprise tax, fixed-asset and city-planning tax, and real-estate acquisition tax are local — handled by your municipality or prefecture.","ja":"所得税・消費税・贈与税・相続税は国税で税務署の管轄、住民税・個人事業税・固定資産税/都市計画税・不動産取得税は地方税で市区町村または都道府県の管轄です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["National (税務署): income tax, consumption tax, gift and inheritance tax.","Municipal: resident tax, fixed-asset and city-planning tax.","Prefectural: individual enterprise tax, real-estate acquisition tax, automobile tax.","Fix a resident-tax error with the municipality, not the tax office."],"ja":["国税（税務署）：所得税・消費税・贈与税・相続税。","市区町村：住民税・固定資産税/都市計画税。","都道府県：個人事業税・不動産取得税・自動車税。","住民税の誤りは税務署ではなく市区町村で訂正。"]},"sections":[{"id":"map","heading":{"en":"Who handles what","ja":"管轄の対応"},"body":{"en":["The national tax office administers income tax, consumption tax, and gift and inheritance tax. Your municipality administers resident tax plus fixed-asset and city-planning tax; your prefecture administers individual enterprise tax, real-estate acquisition tax, and automobile tax. Because resident tax is calculated from data the national system shares, a change in your income tax can ripple into resident tax — but the resident-tax notice itself is corrected locally."],"ja":["税務署は所得税・消費税・贈与税・相続税を、そして市区町村は住民税と固定資産税/都市計画税を、都道府県は個人事業税・不動産取得税・自動車税を扱います。住民税は国税のデータを基に計算されるため、所得税の変更が住民税に波及しますが、住民税の通知自体は地方で訂正します。"]}},{"id":"route","heading":{"en":"Routing a problem","ja":"問題の振り分け"},"body":{"en":["Before you call, identify the tax on the notice and route to the matching office. A national correction is filed with the tax office; a municipal assessment error is raised with the city; an enterprise-tax or acquisition-tax question goes to the prefecture. Contacting the wrong authority wastes time and can miss a short objection deadline."],"ja":["連絡前に通知の税目を特定し、対応する窓口へ振り分けます。国税の更正は税務署、住民税の賦課誤りは市区町村、事業税・取得税は都道府県です。窓口を間違えると時間を無駄にし、短い不服申立て期限を逃すおそれがあります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone unsure which office to contact","New residents and property owners"],"ja":["どの窓口か迷う方","新住民・不動産所有者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Formal appeals drafting"],"ja":["正式な不服申立ての作成"]},"warnings":{"en":["Objection deadlines are short and authority-specific; confirm them on the notice."],"ja":["不服申立ての期限は短く、窓口ごとに異なります。通知で確認を。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-tax-timing"],"sources":["nta-individual","shinjuku-resident-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["understanding-japanese-tax-notices","types-of-taxes-in-japan","how-taxes-work-in-japan"]},{"slug":"employee-taxes-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national-and-municipal","authorityIds":["nta-withholding","nta-year-end-adjustment","shinjuku-resident-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"employee-settled-by-yea","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-year-end-adjustment"],"value":{"en":"Most employees with one employer settle national income tax via year-end adjustment and do not file a return","ja":"1社勤務の多くの会社員は年末調整で所得税が完結し確定申告は不要"}}]},"title":{"en":"Employee taxes in Japan","ja":"会社員の税金"},"summary":{"en":"Payroll deductions, year-end adjustment, resident tax, deductions, refunds, and when you must file.","ja":"給与天引き・年末調整・住民税・控除・還付・申告が必要な場合。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"As an employee, income tax and social insurance are withheld from each payslip and reconciled by year-end adjustment; resident tax is billed the next year; and you only file a return for side income, medical expenses, the first mortgage year, or a mid-year job exit.","ja":"会社員は給与ごとに所得税と社会保険が天引きされ、年末調整で精算されます。住民税は翌年に課税され、副収入・医療費・住宅ローン初年度・年途中退職などの場合のみ確定申告します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Income tax and social insurance are withheld from each payslip.","Year-end adjustment reconciles most employees’ income tax.","Resident tax (~10%) is billed the following year.","File a return for side income, medical costs, the first mortgage year, or a mid-year exit."],"ja":["所得税と社会保険は毎月の給与から天引きされます。","年末調整で多くの会社員の所得税が精算されます。","住民税（約10%）は翌年に請求されます。","副収入・医療費・住宅ローン初年度・年途中退職は確定申告を。"]},"sections":[{"id":"payroll","heading":{"en":"What comes out of your pay","ja":"給与から引かれるもの"},"body":{"en":["Each payslip deducts employee health insurance, employee pension, employment insurance, nursing-care insurance where applicable, national income-tax withholding, and (once you have a prior-year assessment) resident tax. Taxable salary and social-insurance remuneration are not identical, so the figures rarely match line for line."],"ja":["各給与から、健康保険・厚生年金・雇用保険・（該当時）介護保険、所得税の源泉徴収、そして（前年の課税がある場合）住民税が差し引かれます。課税給与と社会保険の標準報酬は一致しないため、金額は必ずしも一致しません。"]}},{"id":"when-file","heading":{"en":"When employees still file","ja":"会社員でも申告する場合"},"body":{"en":["Year-end adjustment covers the salary your employer paid, but it cannot cover side income above ¥200,000, a second unadjusted job, rental or investment income, the medical deduction, donations beyond one-stop, or the first mortgage-credit year. In those cases you file a return that starts from your withholding certificate. Leaving a job before year-end usually means filing for a refund."],"ja":["年末調整は会社が支払った給与を対象にしますが、20万円超の副収入、年末調整されない2社目、不動産や投資の所得、医療費控除、ワンストップを超える寄付、住宅ローン控除初年度は対象外です。これらは源泉徴収票を起点に確定申告します。年末前の退職は通常、還付申告になります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Salaried employees","People with a payslip and side income"],"ja":["給与所得者","給与＋副収入のある方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Full-time freelancers"],"ja":["専業フリーランス"]},"warnings":{"en":["A year-end adjustment does not cure unreported side, rental, overseas, or investment income."],"ja":["年末調整は未申告の副業・不動産・国外・投資所得を精算しません。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file","tax-resident-tax-timing"],"sources":["nta-withholding","nta-year-end-adjustment","shinjuku-resident-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","year-end-adjustment-guide","taxes-on-employee-side-income"]},{"slug":"how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-withholding"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"payslip-vs-social","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-withholding"],"value":{"en":"Taxable salary and social-insurance standard remuneration are computed differently and are not the same figure","ja":"課税給与と社会保険の標準報酬は計算が異なり同額ではない"}}]},"title":{"en":"How to read a Japanese payslip","ja":"給与明細の読み方"},"summary":{"en":"Salary, allowances, overtime, taxable benefits, social insurance, income tax, resident tax, and net pay.","ja":"基本給・手当・残業・課税給付・社会保険・所得税・住民税・手取り。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A payslip has three blocks: payments (basic salary, allowances, overtime, bonus), deductions (health insurance, pension, employment insurance, income-tax and resident-tax withholding), and net pay — and the taxable base differs from the social-insurance base.","ja":"給与明細は3部構成です。支給（基本給・手当・残業・賞与）、控除（健康保険・年金・雇用保険・所得税と住民税の天引き）、そして差引支給額（手取り）。課税ベースと社会保険ベースは異なります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Payments: basic salary, allowances, overtime, commuting reimbursement, bonus.","Deductions: health insurance, pension, employment insurance, income tax, resident tax.","Commuting reimbursement is often non-taxable up to limits.","The taxable base and the social-insurance base are calculated differently."],"ja":["支給：基本給・各種手当・残業・通勤費・賞与。","控除：健康保険・厚生年金・雇用保険・所得税・住民税。","通勤費は一定額まで非課税のことが多い。","課税ベースと社会保険ベースは計算が異なります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"blocks","heading":{"en":"The three blocks","ja":"3つのブロック"},"body":{"en":["Payments (支給) list basic salary, allowances, overtime, taxable benefits, commuting reimbursement, and any bonus. Deductions (控除) list employee health insurance, employee pension, employment insurance, nursing-care insurance where applicable, national income-tax withholding, and resident-tax withholding. Net pay (差引支給額) is what lands in your account. Commuting reimbursement is often non-taxable up to a limit even though it appears in payments."],"ja":["支給には基本給・手当・残業・課税給付・通勤費・賞与が並びます。控除には健康保険・厚生年金・雇用保険・（該当時）介護保険・所得税の源泉徴収・住民税が並びます。差引支給額が口座に入る手取りです。通勤費は支給に載っても一定額まで非課税のことが多いです。"]}},{"id":"bases","heading":{"en":"Why the bases differ","ja":"ベースが異なる理由"},"body":{"en":["Income-tax withholding is based on taxable pay and your dependent declaration; employee-pension premiums are based on standardized remuneration that can include basic salary, overtime, and commuting and housing allowances. Because the two bases differ, a change in one deduction does not move the other proportionally. Resident tax appears only once you have a prior-year assessment, which is why it starts in your second June."],"ja":["所得税の源泉徴収は課税給与と扶養の申告に基づき、厚生年金の保険料は基本給・残業・通勤や住宅の手当を含み得る標準報酬に基づきます。ベースが違うため、一方の控除の変化が他方に比例して動くわけではありません。住民税は前年の課税がある場合のみ現れ、これが2年目の6月に始まる理由です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["New employees in Japan","Anyone confused by their deductions"],"ja":["日本で働き始めた方","控除の内訳が分からない方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Payroll setup for employers"],"ja":["雇用主の給与計算の設定"]},"warnings":{"en":["If a figure looks wrong, ask HR before assuming a tax error — many lines are social insurance, not tax."],"ja":["数字が不自然ならHRに確認を。多くの行は税ではなく社会保険です。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-tax-timing"],"sources":["nta-withholding"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","employee-taxes-in-japan","why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes"]},{"slug":"how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-withholding"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"gensen-fields","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-withholding"],"value":{"en":"The 源泉徴収票 shows gross payments, income after the employment-income deduction, total income deductions, and tax withheld","ja":"源泉徴収票は支払金額・給与所得控除後の金額・所得控除の合計・源泉徴収税額を示す"}}]},"title":{"en":"How to read a Japanese withholding certificate","ja":"源泉徴収票の読み方"},"summary":{"en":"Every major 源泉徴収票 field, how the totals connect, and how you use it on a return.","ja":"源泉徴収票の主要項目・数字の関係・申告での使い方。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The 源泉徴収票 summarizes your year: 支払金額 is gross pay, 給与所得控除後の金額 is income after the employment deduction, 所得控除の額の合計額 is your deductions, and 源泉徴収税額 is tax withheld — the figures you carry to a return.","ja":"源泉徴収票は1年の要約です。支払金額は額面、給与所得控除後の金額は給与所得控除後の所得、所得控除の額の合計額は控除合計、源泉徴収税額は天引き税額で、これらを申告に転記します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["支払金額 = gross employment payments for the year.","給与所得控除後の金額 = income after the employment-income deduction.","所得控除の額の合計額 = total income deductions applied in payroll.","源泉徴収税額 = income tax + reconstruction surtax withheld."],"ja":["支払金額＝その年の給与支払総額。","給与所得控除後の金額＝給与所得控除後の所得。","所得控除の額の合計額＝給与計算で適用された控除合計。","源泉徴収税額＝源泉徴収された所得税＋復興特別所得税。"]},"sections":[{"id":"fields","heading":{"en":"The main fields","ja":"主要項目"},"body":{"en":["Read top to bottom: 支払金額 (gross pay), 給与所得控除後の金額 (income after the employment deduction), 所得控除の額の合計額 (total deductions reflected), 源泉徴収税額 (tax withheld), 社会保険料等の金額 (social-insurance amount), 控除対象扶養親族等 (recognized dependents), 住宅借入金等特別控除の額 (housing credit used via payroll), and 摘要 (notes, former-employer entries, special categories)."],"ja":["上から順に、支払金額（額面）、給与所得控除後の金額（給与所得控除後の所得）、所得控除の額の合計額（反映された控除合計）、源泉徴収税額（天引き税額）、社会保険料等の金額、控除対象扶養親族等、住宅借入金等特別控除の額（給与で使った住宅ローン控除）、摘要（備考・前職情報・特別区分）です。"]}},{"id":"use","heading":{"en":"Using it","ja":"使い方"},"body":{"en":["When you file — for side income, medical expenses, or a refund — the certificate provides your salary figures and withholding, so you do not recompute them. If you changed jobs, give the new employer the former employer’s certificate so year-end adjustment can combine both; if that did not happen, use both certificates on your return."],"ja":["副収入・医療費・還付などで申告する際、給与の金額と源泉徴収額はこの票から転記でき、再計算は不要です。転職した場合は前職の源泉徴収票を新しい会社に渡すと年末調整で合算でき、されなかった場合は両方の票を使って確定申告します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone filing a return with salary income","Job changers"],"ja":["給与所得で申告する方","転職者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Business or rental income statements"],"ja":["事業・不動産の収支"]},"warnings":{"en":["A wrong certificate should be corrected by the employer before you adjust your return."],"ja":["票の誤りは、申告を直す前に会社に訂正を依頼してください。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-withholding"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return"]},{"slug":"year-end-adjustment-guide","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-year-end-adjustment"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"yea-covers","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-year-end-adjustment"],"value":{"en":"Year-end adjustment applies the basic, spouse, dependent, social-insurance, life/earthquake-insurance deductions and (from year two) the mortgage credit","ja":"年末調整は基礎・配偶者・扶養・社会保険料・生命/地震保険料控除と（2年目以降）住宅ローン控除を適用"}}]},"title":{"en":"Year-end adjustment guide","ja":"年末調整ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"The documents, deductions, employer workflow, what it covers, and common employee mistakes.","ja":"必要書類・対象控除・会社の流れ・対象範囲・よくある誤り。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Year-end adjustment is your employer applying your basic, spouse, dependent, social-insurance, and insurance deductions (plus the mortgage credit from year two) to reconcile your income tax — submit the declaration forms and insurance certificates on time.","ja":"年末調整は、会社が基礎・配偶者・扶養・社会保険料・保険料の各控除（2年目以降は住宅ローン控除）を適用して所得税を精算する手続きです。申告書と保険料証明書を期限までに提出します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["You submit declaration forms plus insurance and iDeCo certificates.","It applies most common deductions but not medical, donations, or the first mortgage year.","From the second year the mortgage credit can run through payroll.","A former-employer certificate lets a combined adjustment happen."],"ja":["申告書と保険料・iDeCoの証明書を提出します。","主要控除を適用しますが、医療費・寄付・住宅ローン初年度は対象外。","2年目以降は住宅ローン控除を給与で処理できます。","前職の源泉徴収票があれば合算調整ができます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"docs","heading":{"en":"Documents and deductions","ja":"書類と控除"},"body":{"en":["You submit the basic/spouse/dependent declaration, the insurance-premium declaration with certificates, and (from year two) the mortgage-credit statement. The employer then applies the basic, spouse and spouse-special, dependent, social-insurance, and life/earthquake-insurance deductions and produces your withholding certificate. Small-business-mutual-aid and iDeCo contributions can be included with certificates."],"ja":["基礎・配偶者・扶養の申告書、証明書付きの保険料控除申告書、（2年目以降は）住宅ローン控除の書類を提出します。会社は基礎・配偶者/配偶者特別・扶養・社会保険料・生命/地震保険料の各控除を適用し、源泉徴収票を作成します。小規模企業共済やiDeCoの掛金も証明書があれば含められます。"]}},{"id":"gaps","heading":{"en":"What it misses","ja":"対象外"},"body":{"en":["Year-end adjustment cannot handle the medical deduction, donations beyond one-stop, the first mortgage-credit year, or any non-salary income — those need a return. The most common mistakes are missing the submission deadline, forgetting an insurance certificate, and assuming the adjustment covers a side gig it does not."],"ja":["年末調整は、医療費控除、ワンストップを超える寄付、住宅ローン控除初年度、給与以外の所得を扱えません。これらは確定申告が必要です。よくある誤りは、提出期限の徒過、保険料証明書の失念、そして対象外の副業まで調整されると思い込むことです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Employees completing year-end paperwork","People new to the process"],"ja":["年末調整の書類を出す会社員","初めての方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Medical/donation claims (file a return)"],"ja":["医療費・寄付の申請（確定申告で）"]},"warnings":{"en":["If you have side income or medical costs, year-end adjustment is not enough — file a return."],"ja":["副収入や医療費がある場合、年末調整だけでは不十分です。確定申告を。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-year-end-adjustment"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","employee-taxes-in-japan"]},{"slug":"taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-year-end-adjustment","nta-withholding"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"combined-adjustment","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-year-end-adjustment"],"value":{"en":"Give the new employer the former employer’s withholding certificate so a combined year-end adjustment can be performed","ja":"前職の源泉徴収票を新しい会社に提出すると合算して年末調整できる"}}]},"title":{"en":"Taxes when changing jobs in Japan","ja":"転職したときの税金"},"summary":{"en":"Former-employer certificate, combined adjustment, employment gaps, and final returns.","ja":"前職の源泉徴収票・合算調整・空白期間・確定申告。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Give your new employer the former employer’s withholding certificate so they can combine both salaries in year-end adjustment; if there was a gap, a second unadjusted job, or a missing certificate, you file a return to reconcile.","ja":"前職の源泉徴収票を新しい会社に渡すと、両方の給与を合算して年末調整できます。空白期間・年末調整されない2社目・票の不足があれば、確定申告で精算します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Hand the former-employer certificate to the new employer promptly.","A combined year-end adjustment settles both salaries.","An employment gap can change social insurance and withholding.","If no combined adjustment happens, file a return with both certificates."],"ja":["前職の源泉徴収票は速やかに新しい会社へ。","合算の年末調整で両方の給与が精算されます。","空白期間は社会保険と源泉徴収に影響し得ます。","合算調整がなければ両方の票で確定申告を。"]},"sections":[{"id":"combine","heading":{"en":"Combining your salaries","ja":"給与の合算"},"body":{"en":["When you change employers within a year, the new employer can perform year-end adjustment on both jobs — but only if you provide the former employer’s withholding certificate. That certificate carries your prior salary and withholding so the combined calculation is correct. Request it from the old employer if it does not arrive."],"ja":["年内に転職した場合、新しい会社は両方の給与について年末調整できますが、前職の源泉徴収票を提出した場合に限られます。その票に前職の給与と源泉徴収額が載っており、合算計算が正しくなります。届かなければ前職に発行を依頼します。"]}},{"id":"gap","heading":{"en":"Gaps and returns","ja":"空白と申告"},"body":{"en":["A gap between jobs can affect health-insurance and pension enrollment (you may have paid national health insurance and national pension in between), and those premiums are deductible. If the new employer could not combine the certificates, or you had other income, file a return using both certificates. Leaving employment entirely before year-end usually means filing for a refund."],"ja":["転職の空白期間は健康保険・年金の加入に影響し（その間、国民健康保険・国民年金を払っていることがある）、これらの保険料は控除対象です。新しい会社が票を合算できなかった、または他に所得があった場合は、両方の票で確定申告します。年末前に完全に離職した場合は通常、還付申告になります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People who changed jobs this year","Anyone with a gap between jobs"],"ja":["年内に転職した方","転職の空白期間がある方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Cross-border relocation (see the foreign-resident guides)"],"ja":["海外転勤（外国人向けガイドへ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Without the former-employer certificate, a combined adjustment cannot be done and you must file."],"ja":["前職の源泉徴収票がないと合算調整はできず、確定申告が必要です。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-year-end-adjustment","nta-withholding"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["taxes-after-leaving-a-job","how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","year-end-adjustment-guide"]},{"slug":"taxes-after-leaving-a-job","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national-and-municipal","authorityIds":["nta-refund-return","shinjuku-resident-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"no-yea-refund","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-refund-return"],"value":{"en":"If you leave a job before year-end with no employer adjustment, you can file for a refund of over-withheld tax","ja":"年末前に退職し年末調整を受けていない場合、過大な源泉徴収の還付申告ができる"}}]},"title":{"en":"Taxes after leaving a job","ja":"退職後の税金"},"summary":{"en":"No year-end adjustment, refund filings, resident tax, unemployment benefits, and insurance transitions.","ja":"年末調整なし・還付申告・住民税・失業給付・保険の切替。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Leaving before year-end means no employer reconciles your tax, so file a refund return; meanwhile resident tax continues on last year’s income, statutory unemployment benefits are generally tax-free, and you must switch health insurance and pension.","ja":"年末前の退職は会社が税を精算しないため、還付申告をします。一方で住民税は前年所得に基づき続き、法定の失業給付は原則非課税、健康保険と年金の切替が必要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["No year-end adjustment → file a refund return.","Resident tax continues based on last year’s income, regardless of unemployment.","Statutory unemployment (job-seeker) benefits are generally not taxable.","Switch to national health insurance and national pension (both deductible)."],"ja":["年末調整なし → 還付申告を。","住民税は失業に関係なく前年所得で続きます。","法定の失業給付（求職者給付）は原則非課税。","国民健康保険・国民年金へ切替（いずれも控除対象）。"]},"sections":[{"id":"refund","heading":{"en":"Filing for a refund","ja":"還付申告"},"body":{"en":["Employers withhold assuming a full year of salary, so leaving mid-year usually means too much was withheld. File a refund return using your withholding certificate; you can add the medical deduction, donations, and social-insurance premiums you paid after leaving. You have five years to claim, but filing early gets your money back sooner."],"ja":["会社は1年分の給与を前提に源泉徴収するため、年途中の退職では源泉徴収が過大になりがちです。源泉徴収票で還付申告し、退職後に払った医療費控除・寄付・社会保険料も加えられます。請求期限は5年ですが、早く申告するほど早く戻ります。"]}},{"id":"transitions","heading":{"en":"Resident tax and insurance","ja":"住民税と保険"},"body":{"en":["Resident tax is based on the prior year, so it keeps arriving even while you are unemployed — budget for it. Statutory job-seeker benefits are generally tax-free and do not count like salary for spouse tests, but private income-replacement payments can differ. After leaving, enroll in national health insurance and national pension (or a dependent/voluntary-continuation option), and keep the premium receipts because they are deductible."],"ja":["住民税は前年所得に基づくため、失業中でも届き続けます。備えておきましょう。法定の求職者給付は原則非課税で配偶者判定でも給与のようには扱われませんが、私的な所得補償は異なり得ます。退職後は国民健康保険・国民年金（または扶養/任意継続）に加入し、控除対象となる保険料の領収書を保管します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People who left or lost a job","Anyone between jobs at year-end"],"ja":["退職・離職した方","年末に転職の合間の方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Retirement-allowance taxation (see the severance guide)"],"ja":["退職金の課税（退職金ガイドへ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Resident tax does not pause for unemployment; the second-year bill can surprise you."],"ja":["住民税は失業で止まりません。2年目の請求に注意。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-tax-timing"],"sources":["nta-refund-return","shinjuku-resident-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund"]},{"slug":"taxes-on-employee-side-income","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national-and-municipal","authorityIds":["nta-employee-filing","nta-income-vs-misc"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"side-income-file","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-employee-filing"],"value":{"en":"A one-job employee generally files when side income (after expenses) exceeds ¥200,000; resident-tax reporting may apply even below that","ja":"1社勤務の会社員は副収入（経費控除後）が20万円超で原則申告。20万円以下でも住民税申告は必要な場合がある"}}]},"title":{"en":"Taxes on employee side income","ja":"会社員の副収入の税金"},"summary":{"en":"Freelancing, creator and platform income, expenses, the ¥200,000 rule, and resident-tax reporting.","ja":"副業・クリエイター/プラットフォーム収入・経費・20万円ルール・住民税申告。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A salaried employee generally files a return when side income after expenses exceeds ¥200,000; below that, national filing may not be required but a resident-tax declaration usually is — and the correct income category decides your expenses and losses.","ja":"給与所得者は、経費控除後の副収入が20万円を超えると原則申告します。20万円以下では国の申告は不要でも住民税申告は通常必要で、正しい所得区分が経費と損失を左右します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The test is income after expenses, not revenue.","Above ¥200,000 you file a national return; below, usually a resident-tax declaration.","Category (business vs miscellaneous) sets your expenses and loss rules.","Platform income is taxable when earned, not only when withdrawn."],"ja":["判定は売上ではなく経費控除後の所得。","20万円超は国の申告、以下は通常、住民税申告。","区分（事業か雑か）で経費・損失のルールが決まる。","プラットフォーム収入は出金時ではなく稼得時に課税。"]},"sections":[{"id":"threshold","heading":{"en":"The ¥200,000 test","ja":"20万円の判定"},"body":{"en":["Deduct directly related expenses from your side revenue; if the result exceeds ¥200,000, file a national return. A worked example: ¥300,000 of affiliate revenue minus ¥80,000 of platform and advertising cost is ¥220,000 — over the line. Even under ¥200,000, your municipality generally still expects a resident-tax declaration of that income."],"ja":["副収入から直接関係する経費を引き、20万円を超えれば国の申告をします。例：アフィリエイト30万円−プラットフォーム/広告費8万円＝22万円で基準超過。20万円以下でも、自治体は通常その所得の住民税申告を求めます。"]}},{"id":"category","heading":{"en":"Category and your employer","ja":"区分と勤務先"},"body":{"en":["Whether your side activity is business or miscellaneous income depends on its continuity, scale, and records — and it decides whether losses can offset salary (business) or not (miscellaneous). If you worry about your employer learning of a side job, note that resident-tax collection method choices are municipal and confidentiality cannot be guaranteed; a growing, organized side activity is better handled deliberately as business income."],"ja":["副業が事業か雑かは、継続性・規模・帳簿で決まり、損失が給与と通算できるか（事業）否か（雑）を左右します。副業が勤務先に知られる懸念については、住民税の徴収方法の選択は自治体次第で秘匿は保証されません。成長し組織化した副業は、事業所得として意図的に扱う方が適切です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Employees with a side gig","Creators and platform sellers"],"ja":["副業のある会社員","クリエイター・出品者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Full-time freelancers"],"ja":["専業フリーランス"]},"warnings":{"en":["The ¥200,000 relief is national only — do not skip the resident-tax declaration."],"ja":["20万円特例は国税のみ。住民税申告を省かないこと。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-employee-filing","nta-income-vs-misc"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule","side-business-tax-japan","the-10-types-of-income-in-japan"]},{"slug":"remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-nonresident","nta-individual"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"work-in-japan-source","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-nonresident"],"value":{"en":"Employment income for work physically performed in Japan is Japan-source even when paid abroad by a foreign employer","ja":"日本で行った労働の給与は、外国雇用主が海外で支払っても日本源泉"}}]},"title":{"en":"Remote work for a foreign employer from Japan","ja":"日本から外国雇用主のためにリモートワーク"},"summary":{"en":"Japan-source employment income, withholding gaps, estimated liability, and permanent-establishment and treaty issues.","ja":"日本源泉の給与・源泉徴収の欠落・想定税額・恒久的施設と条約の論点。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"If you live in Japan and work here for a foreign employer, that salary is generally Japan-source and taxable in Japan even with no Japanese withholding — you likely must file and pay, and there can be permanent-establishment, social-security, and treaty issues.","ja":"日本に住み、外国雇用主のために日本で働く場合、その給与は原則日本源泉で、日本の源泉徴収がなくても日本で課税されます。申告・納付が必要になりやすく、恒久的施設・社会保障・条約の論点も生じ得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Work performed in Japan is Japan-source, even if paid into a foreign account.","No Japanese withholding does not make the salary tax-free.","You likely must file and may owe estimated tax.","Permanent-establishment, social-security, and treaty questions can arise — get advice."],"ja":["日本で行った労働は、海外口座に支払われても日本源泉。","日本の源泉徴収がなくても給与は非課税になりません。","申告が必要になりやすく、予定納税が生じることも。","恒久的施設・社会保障・条約の論点があり得ます。専門家へ。"]},"sections":[{"id":"source","heading":{"en":"Why it is taxable here","ja":"日本で課税される理由"},"body":{"en":["Japan taxes employment income by where the work is performed. If you are a resident working from Japan, your salary from a foreign employer is Japan-source and taxable here even though the employer runs no Japanese payroll and pays into an overseas account. Because no one withheld Japanese tax, you generally must file a return and pay — and you may fall into estimated-tax prepayments."],"ja":["日本は労働を行った場所で給与所得を課税します。日本から働く居住者なら、外国雇用主からの給与は、雇用主が日本の給与計算をせず海外口座に支払っても、日本源泉で日本で課税されます。日本の源泉徴収がないため、原則として確定申告・納付が必要で、予定納税の対象になることもあります。"]}},{"id":"risks","heading":{"en":"The bigger risks","ja":"より大きなリスク"},"body":{"en":["Beyond your own income tax, your presence can raise a permanent-establishment question for the employer, and social-security coverage (which country’s system applies) may be governed by a totalization agreement. A treaty can change source-country taxing rights. These are fact-specific, cross-border issues — confirm your position with a licensed tax accountant before your first filing."],"ja":["自分の所得税に加え、あなたの就労が雇用主に恒久的施設の論点を生じさせ得ます。社会保障（どちらの国の制度か）は社会保障協定で定まることがあります。条約は源泉地国の課税権を変え得ます。これらは事実次第の国際論点です。初回申告前に税理士で立場を確認してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Remote workers for overseas companies","Digital nomads settling in Japan"],"ja":["海外企業のリモートワーカー","日本に定住するノマド"]},"notFor":{"en":["Nonresidents working outside Japan"],"ja":["日本国外で働く非居住者"]},"warnings":{"en":["This is a cross-border area with real employer and social-security risks; get professional advice early."],"ja":["雇用主・社会保障の実リスクがある国際分野です。早めに専門家へ。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-status","tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-nonresident","nta-individual"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","japan-tax-residency-explained","taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan"]},{"slug":"severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-retirement-income"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"retirement-deduction","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-retirement-income"],"value":{"en":"Retirement-income deduction is ¥400,000/year of service (min ¥800,000 to 20 years), then ¥8M + ¥700,000/year above 20; taxed on one-half","ja":"退職所得控除は勤続1年40万円（20年まで最低80万円）、20年超は800万円＋1年70万円、1/2課税"}}]},"title":{"en":"Severance and retirement allowance tax","ja":"退職金の税金"},"summary":{"en":"The retirement-income deduction, one-half treatment, the withholding declaration, and short-service rules.","ja":"退職所得控除・1/2課税・退職所得の受給申告・短期勤続の扱い。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A qualifying retirement allowance is taxed favorably: subtract the retirement-income deduction (¥400,000 per service year, more after 20 years), take one-half, then tax that — but if you do not file the retirement-income declaration, a flat 20.42% is withheld and must be reconciled.","ja":"適格な退職金は優遇されます。退職所得控除（勤続1年40万円、20年超は増額）を引き、その1/2に課税します。ただし退職所得の受給に関する申告書を出さないと20.42%が源泉徴収され、精算が必要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Deduction: ¥400,000 per service year (¥800,000 minimum up to 20 years).","Above 20 years: ¥8M + ¥700,000 per extra year.","Only one-half of the excess is taxed (ordinary case).","File the retirement-income declaration or 20.42% is withheld."],"ja":["控除：勤続1年40万円（20年まで最低80万円）。","20年超：800万円＋1年ごと70万円。","超過額の1/2のみ課税（原則）。","受給申告書を出さないと20.42%が源泉徴収。"]},"sections":[{"id":"calc","heading":{"en":"How it is calculated","ja":"計算方法"},"body":{"en":["The retirement-income deduction is ¥400,000 per year of service, with an ¥800,000 minimum for 20 years or less, and ¥8,000,000 plus ¥700,000 for each year beyond 20. You subtract it from the allowance and generally tax one-half of the remainder. For 25 years of service the deduction is ¥8,000,000 + ¥700,000 × 5 = ¥11,500,000; a ¥15,000,000 allowance gives (¥15,000,000 − ¥11,500,000) × 1/2 = ¥1,750,000 of retirement income."],"ja":["退職所得控除は勤続1年40万円、20年以下は最低80万円、20年超は800万円＋1年70万円です。退職金から控除を引き、残りの原則1/2に課税します。勤続25年なら控除は800万円＋70万円×5＝1,150万円。退職金1,500万円なら（1,500万円−1,150万円）×1/2＝175万円が退職所得です。"]}},{"id":"declare","heading":{"en":"The declaration and exceptions","ja":"申告と例外"},"body":{"en":["If you submit the retirement-income declaration to the payer, they withhold the correct favorable amount and usually no further filing is needed. If you do not, 20.42% is withheld and you must file to reconcile. Short-service and short-service-director payments have anti-favorable-treatment rules that reduce or remove the one-half benefit, and multiple retirement payments interact."],"ja":["退職所得の受給に関する申告書を支払者に出せば、正しい優遇額が源泉徴収され通常は追加申告不要です。出さないと20.42%が源泉徴収され、精算のため申告が必要です。短期勤続や短期の役員退職金には1/2優遇を縮小・排除する規定があり、複数の退職金は相互に影響します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People receiving a retirement allowance","Employees planning a departure"],"ja":["退職金を受け取る方","退職を計画する会社員"]},"notFor":{"en":["iDeCo/DC lump-sum timing (see the retirement guides)"],"ja":["iDeCo/DCの一時金の時期（退職ガイドへ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Always submit the retirement-income declaration to avoid 20.42% over-withholding."],"ja":["20.42%の過大源泉を避けるため、受給申告書は必ず提出を。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-retirement-income"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["retirement-income-tax","taxes-after-leaving-a-job","ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing"]},{"slug":"why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-municipal","authorityIds":["shinjuku-resident-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"resident-tax-prior-year","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["shinjuku-resident-tax"],"value":{"en":"Resident tax is assessed on the prior year’s income and collected from June, so it lags your current salary","ja":"住民税は前年所得に課税され6月から徴収されるため、現在の給与に遅れて動く"}}]},"title":{"en":"Why resident tax changes after your salary changes","ja":"給与が変わると住民税が遅れて変わる理由"},"summary":{"en":"Prior-year assessment, the June collection cycle, job changes, lump-sum and ordinary collection.","ja":"前年課税・6月からの徴収サイクル・転職・一括徴収と普通徴収。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Resident tax is always based on the previous year’s income and collected June–May, so a raise or a pay cut shows up in your resident tax a year later — which is why newcomers get a big second-year bill and leavers can owe after departure.","ja":"住民税は常に前年所得に基づき6月〜翌5月に徴収されるため、昇給や減給は1年遅れて住民税に反映されます。来日者は2年目に大きく請求され、退職者は退職後に請求されることがあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Resident tax lags income by about a year.","Collection runs June through the following May.","A raise this year raises resident tax next year (and vice versa).","Job changes can trigger lump-sum or ordinary (self-paid) collection."],"ja":["住民税は所得に約1年遅れます。","徴収は6月〜翌5月。","今年の昇給は翌年の住民税を上げます（逆も同様）。","転職で一括徴収や普通徴収になることがあります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"lag","heading":{"en":"The one-year lag","ja":"1年のずれ"},"body":{"en":["Municipalities assess resident tax on your prior-year income and collect it from June through the next May. So your current payslip’s resident-tax line reflects last year, not this year. A big raise this year quietly increases next year’s resident tax; a pay cut or job loss does not immediately reduce it, which is why the bill can feel out of step with your current income."],"ja":["市区町村は前年所得に住民税を課し、6月〜翌5月に徴収します。今の給与明細の住民税欄は今年ではなく前年を反映します。今年の大幅昇給は翌年の住民税を静かに上げ、減給や失業でもすぐには下がらないため、現在の所得と食い違って感じられます。"]}},{"id":"changes","heading":{"en":"Job changes and collection","ja":"転職と徴収"},"body":{"en":["When you change or leave a job, special collection (payroll deduction) may switch to a lump-sum collection of the remaining year or to ordinary collection, where the municipality bills you directly and you pay in installments. New arrivals often owe little in year one and a surprise amount in year two; people leaving Japan may still owe resident tax on the prior year and should arrange payment before departure."],"ja":["転職・退職時は、特別徴収（給与天引き）が残額の一括徴収や、市区町村が直接請求して分割で払う普通徴収に切り替わることがあります。来日者は1年目の負担が小さく2年目に驚きがちで、出国者は前年分の住民税が残ることがあり、出国前に納付を手配すべきです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Newcomers surprised by year-two tax","Anyone changing or leaving a job"],"ja":["2年目の税に驚く来日者","転職・退職する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Income-tax calculation"],"ja":["所得税の計算"]},"warnings":{"en":["Budget for resident tax after a pay cut or job loss — it lags and does not immediately fall."],"ja":["減給・失業後の住民税に備えを。遅れて動きすぐには下がりません。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-tax-timing"],"sources":["shinjuku-resident-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-taxes-work-in-japan","taxes-after-leaving-a-job","leaving-japan-tax-checklist"]},{"slug":"japan-basic-deduction","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-basic-deduction"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"basic-deduction-income-limit","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-basic-deduction"],"value":{"en":"The basic deduction phases down and is lost at high total income; 2025–2026 reforms changed the bands","ja":"基礎控除は高所得で逓減・消失。2025〜2026年改正で区分が変更"}}]},"title":{"en":"Japan basic deduction","ja":"基礎控除"},"summary":{"en":"Current-year deduction bands, income limits, and reform history.","ja":"当年の控除区分・所得制限・改正の経緯。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The basic deduction is a personal allowance every taxpayer can claim, but its amount now depends on your total income and phases down to zero at high income — and the 2025–2026 reforms changed the bands, so use the current-year figure.","ja":"基礎控除はすべての納税者が受けられる基礎的な控除ですが、額は総所得に応じて変わり高所得でゼロまで逓減します。2025〜2026年改正で区分が変わったため、当年の数値を使ってください。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A personal allowance available to most taxpayers.","The amount depends on total income and phases down at high income.","2025–2026 reforms changed the bands — do not reuse an old figure.","Employees usually claim it via the year-end declaration form."],"ja":["ほとんどの納税者が受けられる基礎的控除。","額は総所得次第で、高所得で逓減。","2025〜2026年改正で区分変更。古い数値の再利用は不可。","会社員は通常、年末調整の申告書で申請。"]},"sections":[{"id":"bands","heading":{"en":"Amount and income limits","ja":"額と所得制限"},"body":{"en":["The basic deduction subtracts from taxable income for nearly everyone, but higher-income taxpayers receive a reduced amount and lose it entirely above a statutory ceiling. Because the 2025 and 2026 reforms adjusted the bands (alongside the employment-income deduction and dependent thresholds), the correct figure must come from the current-year NTA guidance or software rather than a prior-year spreadsheet."],"ja":["基礎控除はほぼ全員の課税所得から差し引かれますが、高所得者は減額され、法定の上限を超えると消失します。2025年・2026年改正で（給与所得控除や扶養の基準とともに）区分が調整されたため、正しい額は前年のスプレッドシートではなく当年の国税庁資料やソフトから取得してください。"]}},{"id":"claim","heading":{"en":"Claiming it","ja":"申請方法"},"body":{"en":["Employees claim the basic deduction through the year-end declaration form; filers claim it on the return. It is applied automatically in the NTA Return Preparation Corner once your income is entered. Because the phase-down interacts with the spouse and dependent thresholds, a large bonus or capital gain can change your entitlement."],"ja":["会社員は年末調整の申告書で、申告者は確定申告で基礎控除を申請します。国税庁の作成コーナーでは所得を入力すれば自動で適用されます。逓減は配偶者・扶養の基準と連動するため、大きな賞与や譲渡益で適用が変わることがあります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Every taxpayer","Higher earners checking the phase-down"],"ja":["すべての納税者","逓減を確認する高所得者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Exact current-year amount (verify with NTA)"],"ja":["当年の正確な額（国税庁で確認）"]},"warnings":{"en":["2025–2026 reforms changed the bands; confirm the current-year figure before relying on it."],"ja":["2025〜2026年改正で区分変更。利用前に当年の数値を確認。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-basic-deduction"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets"]},{"slug":"spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-spouse-deduction","nta-spouse-special"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"spouse-income-ceiling","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-spouse-deduction"],"value":{"en":"Post-2025 the spouse-deduction income ceiling is ¥580,000 of total income (≈¥1.23M salary); the taxpayer loses it above ¥10M total income","ja":"2025年以降、配偶者控除の配偶者所得上限は合計所得58万円（給与約123万円）。本人の合計所得1,000万円超で消失"}}]},"title":{"en":"Spouse deduction and spouse special deduction","ja":"配偶者控除・配偶者特別控除"},"summary":{"en":"Income thresholds, taxpayer limits, legal marriage, and the phaseout.","ja":"所得基準・本人の所得制限・法律婚・逓減。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"You can claim the spouse deduction when your legally married spouse’s total income is within the ceiling (post-2025, ¥580,000 total income, about ¥1.23M salary); above that a spouse special deduction phases down, and you lose the benefit once your own total income exceeds ¥10M.","ja":"法律婚の配偶者の合計所得が上限内（2025年以降は合計所得58万円、給与約123万円）なら配偶者控除を受けられます。それを超えると配偶者特別控除が逓減し、本人の合計所得が1,000万円を超えると受けられません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Requires a legal spouse and a shared livelihood — common-law does not qualify.","Post-2025 the spouse-income ceiling is ¥580,000 total income (≈¥1.23M salary).","Above that, a spouse special deduction phases down.","The taxpayer’s own income above ¥10M removes the benefit."],"ja":["法律婚かつ生計を一にすることが要件。事実婚は不可。","2025年以降、配偶者の所得上限は合計所得58万円（給与約123万円）。","それを超えると配偶者特別控除が逓減。","本人の所得が1,000万円超で消失。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rules","heading":{"en":"Who qualifies","ja":"対象者"},"body":{"en":["The spouse deduction is not decided by whether a spouse “works part time.” It requires a legal marriage and a common livelihood, and it looks at the spouse’s total income, your income, and year-end circumstances. Under the post-2025 framework the spouse-income ceiling for the full spouse deduction is ¥580,000 of total income — equivalent to ¥1.23M of salary once the minimum ¥650,000 employment deduction applies."],"ja":["配偶者控除は「配偶者がパートかどうか」で決まりません。法律婚と生計を一にすることが要件で、配偶者の合計所得・本人の所得・年末の状況を見ます。2025年以降、配偶者控除を満額受けられる配偶者の所得上限は合計所得58万円で、最低65万円の給与所得控除が効く場合の給与123万円に相当します。"]}},{"id":"phaseout","heading":{"en":"The phaseouts","ja":"逓減"},"body":{"en":["Above the spouse-income ceiling, the spouse special deduction applies and tapers as spouse income rises. Separately, your own total income matters: the deduction phases down before ¥10M and disappears once your total income exceeds ¥10M. A paid blue-return family-employee spouse generally cannot also be a deductible spouse."],"ja":["配偶者の所得上限を超えると配偶者特別控除が適用され、配偶者所得の増加とともに逓減します。別に本人の所得も影響し、1,000万円手前から逓減し、合計所得1,000万円超で消失します。青色事業専従者として給与を受ける配偶者は、原則、控除対象配偶者にはなれません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Married taxpayers","Households planning a spouse’s work hours"],"ja":["既婚の納税者","配偶者の働き方を検討する世帯"]},"notFor":{"en":["Common-law partners","Exact reform figures (verify)"],"ja":["事実婚","改正の正確な数値（要確認）"]},"warnings":{"en":["The old ¥1.03M salary line no longer universally applies; use the post-2025 thresholds."],"ja":["旧「103万円」は一律には当てはまりません。2025年以降の基準を使用。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-spouse-deduction","nta-spouse-special"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["dependent-deduction-in-japan","complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","japan-basic-deduction"]},{"slug":"dependent-deduction-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-dependent-deduction"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"dependent-tests","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-dependent-deduction"],"value":{"en":"A dependent must be a qualifying relative sharing your livelihood whose income is within the threshold, tested at year-end","ja":"扶養親族は生計を一にし所得が基準内の親族で、年末時点で判定"}}]},"title":{"en":"Dependent deduction in Japan","ja":"扶養控除"},"summary":{"en":"Eligible relatives, age, income, living arrangements, and overseas dependents.","ja":"対象親族・年齢・所得・生計・国外扶養。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"You can deduct for a qualifying relative who shares your livelihood and whose own income is within the threshold, tested at year-end; a specified age band (19–22) gives a larger deduction, and overseas dependents need relationship and remittance proof.","ja":"生計を一にし、所得が基準内の親族について扶養控除を受けられます（年末で判定）。特定扶養（19〜22歳）は控除が大きく、国外扶養は続柄と送金の証明が必要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Eligible: a relative sharing your livelihood with income within the threshold.","Tested at year-end (December 31 status matters).","Ages 19–22 (specified dependent) give a larger deduction.","Overseas dependents require relationship and remittance documents."],"ja":["対象：生計を一にし所得が基準内の親族。","年末（12月31日の状況）で判定。","19〜22歳（特定扶養）は控除が大きい。","国外扶養は続柄・送金の書類が必要。"]},"sections":[{"id":"who","heading":{"en":"Who counts","ja":"対象者"},"body":{"en":["A dependent is a qualifying relative (by blood or law) who shares your livelihood and whose own total income is within the threshold; the test is applied at year-end. Living together is not always required if you support them. The deduction amount varies by the dependent’s age — the specified band of 19 to 22 attracts a larger deduction, and elderly dependents have their own amounts."],"ja":["扶養親族は、生計を一にし合計所得が基準内の（血族・姻族の）親族で、判定は年末に行います。仕送りで扶養していれば同居は必ずしも不要です。控除額は年齢で変わり、19〜22歳の特定扶養は控除が大きく、老人扶養にも独自の額があります。"]}},{"id":"overseas","heading":{"en":"Overseas dependents","ja":"国外扶養"},"body":{"en":["Claiming a relative living abroad requires documents proving the relationship (e.g., family register or birth records with translation) and proof of remittances that actually support them. These requirements are stricter than for a domestic dependent and are a common point of rejection, so keep clear, dated remittance records to each nonresident relative."],"ja":["国外に住む親族の扶養は、続柄を証明する書類（戸籍や出生記録など、翻訳付き）と、実際に扶養している送金の証明が必要です。国内扶養より要件が厳しく否認されやすいため、各非居住者親族への日付入りの明確な送金記録を保管してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Taxpayers supporting relatives","People with dependents abroad"],"ja":["親族を扶養する納税者","国外に扶養親族がいる方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Spouse (use the spouse deduction)"],"ja":["配偶者（配偶者控除で）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Overseas-dependent claims are frequently rejected without proper relationship and remittance proof."],"ja":["国外扶養は続柄・送金の証明がないと否認されがちです。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-dependent-deduction"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},{"slug":"medical-expense-deduction","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-medical-deduction"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"medical-formula","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-medical-deduction"],"value":{"en":"Deduction = qualifying costs − reimbursements − ¥100,000 (or 5% of total income if below ¥2M), capped at ¥2M","ja":"控除＝対象費用−補填−10万円（総所得200万円未満は5%）、上限200万円"}}]},"title":{"en":"Medical expense deduction","ja":"医療費控除"},"summary":{"en":"Eligible expenses, reimbursements, thresholds, family costs, and five-year retention.","ja":"対象費用・補填・しきい値・家族分・5年保管。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"You can deduct qualifying medical costs you paid during the year for yourself or family sharing your livelihood, minus reimbursements and a ¥100,000 threshold (or 5% of total income below ¥2M), capped at ¥2M — filed on a return with receipts kept five years.","ja":"本人や生計を一にする家族のために年内に払った対象医療費から、補填と10万円（総所得200万円未満は5%）を引いた額（上限200万円）を控除できます。確定申告で申請し、領収書は5年保管します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Formula: costs − reimbursements − ¥100,000 (or 5% of total income if below ¥2M).","Cap: ¥2M deduction.","Family costs count if the member shares your livelihood and you paid.","File a statement; keep receipts five years. Requires a return (not year-end adjustment)."],"ja":["式：費用−補填−10万円（総所得200万円未満は5%）。","上限：控除200万円。","生計を一にする家族の分も、本人が支払えば対象。","明細書を提出、領収書は5年保管。年末調整では不可、確定申告が必要。"]},"sections":[{"id":"formula","heading":{"en":"How it works","ja":"仕組み"},"body":{"en":["Add qualifying medical costs paid in the calendar year, subtract insurance and other reimbursements tied to those costs, then subtract the threshold — ¥100,000, or 5% of total income if that is below ¥2M. The result, capped at ¥2M, is your deduction. Example: ¥500,000 costs − ¥100,000 reimbursement − ¥100,000 threshold = ¥300,000 deduction."],"ja":["その年に払った対象医療費を合計し、それに対応する保険等の補填を引き、しきい値（10万円、総所得200万円未満なら5%）を引きます。結果（上限200万円）が控除額です。例：費用50万円−補填10万円−しきい値10万円＝控除30万円。"]}},{"id":"scope","heading":{"en":"What counts and records","ja":"対象と記録"},"body":{"en":["Qualifying costs include treatment, prescriptions, and certain transport, for you or a family member sharing your livelihood, but only amounts actually paid (an unpaid bill does not count) and generally not cosmetic procedures. File a medical-expense statement with the return and retain receipts for five years. The deduction requires a return; it cannot be taken through year-end adjustment."],"ja":["対象は、本人や生計を一にする家族の治療・処方・一定の通院交通費などですが、実際に支払った額のみ（未払いは対象外）で、美容目的は原則対象外です。医療費控除の明細書を申告に添え、領収書は5年保管します。控除には確定申告が必要で、年末調整では受けられません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Households with high medical bills","Anyone who paid for family care"],"ja":["医療費が高額の世帯","家族の医療費を払った方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Cosmetic or non-medical costs","Self-medication in the same year (alternative)"],"ja":["美容・非医療の費用","同年のセルフメディケーション（選択制）"]},"warnings":{"en":["You cannot combine the ordinary medical deduction and self-medication deduction in the same year."],"ja":["同一年に医療費控除とセルフメディケーション税制は併用できません。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-medical-deduction"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["self-medication-tax-deduction","complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund"]},{"slug":"self-medication-tax-deduction","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-self-medication","nta-medical-deduction"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"self-medication-band","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-self-medication"],"value":{"en":"Applies to qualifying medicine purchases above ¥12,000, capped at an ¥88,000 deduction; cannot combine with the ordinary medical deduction","ja":"対象医薬品の購入が1.2万円超で適用、控除上限8.8万円。医療費控除とは併用不可"}}]},"title":{"en":"Self-medication tax deduction","ja":"セルフメディケーション税制"},"summary":{"en":"Eligible products, threshold, cap, health-maintenance conditions, and how it compares.","ja":"対象製品・しきい値・上限・健康維持要件・医療費控除との比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The self-medication deduction lets you deduct qualifying over-the-counter medicine purchases above ¥12,000 (up to an ¥88,000 deduction) if you meet a health-maintenance condition — but you must choose it instead of the ordinary medical deduction for the year.","ja":"セルフメディケーション税制は、健康の維持増進の取組要件を満たす人が、対象の市販薬購入のうち1.2万円を超える分（控除上限8.8万円）を控除できる制度です。ただしその年は医療費控除との選択制です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["For qualifying OTC (switch-OTC) medicine purchases above ¥12,000.","Deduction capped at ¥88,000.","Requires a health-maintenance action (e.g., a checkup or vaccination).","Cannot be combined with the ordinary medical deduction — pick one."],"ja":["対象の市販薬（スイッチOTC等）の購入で1.2万円超が対象。","控除上限は8.8万円。","健康維持の取組（健診・予防接種等）が要件。","医療費控除とは併用不可。どちらかを選択。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how","heading":{"en":"How it works","ja":"仕組み"},"body":{"en":["If you took a qualifying health-maintenance action during the year (such as a health check or vaccination), you can deduct the portion of eligible over-the-counter medicine purchases above ¥12,000, up to an ¥88,000 deduction. Eligible products are marked and receipts should show them. It is available through 2026 under the cited rules."],"ja":["その年に健康維持の取組（健診・予防接種など）を行った人は、対象の市販薬購入のうち1.2万円を超える分を、控除上限8.8万円まで控除できます。対象製品には表示があり、領収書で確認できます。引用の規定により2026年まで利用可能です。"]}},{"id":"choose","heading":{"en":"Choosing between the two","ja":"選択の判断"},"body":{"en":["You cannot use both the ordinary medical deduction and self-medication for the same year, so compare. If your total qualifying medical costs are high, the ordinary deduction (threshold ¥100,000) usually wins; if you mostly bought eligible OTC medicine and had few large bills, self-medication (threshold ¥12,000) can be better. Model both before filing."],"ja":["同一年に医療費控除とセルフメディケーション税制は併用できないため比較します。対象医療費が高額なら通常の医療費控除（しきい値10万円）が有利なことが多く、対象市販薬中心で大きな医療費が少なければセルフメディケーション（しきい値1.2万円）が有利なこともあります。申告前に両方を試算しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People who mostly buy OTC medicine","Those with few large medical bills"],"ja":["市販薬中心の方","大きな医療費が少ない方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Households with high hospital costs (use the medical deduction)"],"ja":["入院等が高額の世帯（医療費控除で）"]},"warnings":{"en":["You must meet the health-maintenance condition and keep eligible-product receipts."],"ja":["健康維持の取組要件を満たし、対象製品の領収書を保管する必要があります。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-self-medication","nta-medical-deduction"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["medical-expense-deduction","complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund"]},{"slug":"mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-mortgage-credit"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"mortgage-first-year-filing","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-mortgage-credit"],"value":{"en":"The first qualifying year requires a final return; later years can run through payroll year-end adjustment","ja":"初年度は確定申告が必要、2年目以降は年末調整で処理可能"}}]},"title":{"en":"Mortgage tax credit in Japan","ja":"住宅ローン控除"},"summary":{"en":"First-year filing, later payroll years, qualifying homes, energy standards, and documents.","ja":"初年度申告・2年目以降の給与処理・対象住宅・省エネ基準・必要書類。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The housing-loan credit reduces your tax by a percentage of the year-end loan balance for a qualifying owner-occupied home; you must file a return the first year with property, loan, and energy documents, then employees can use year-end adjustment in later years.","ja":"住宅ローン控除は、要件を満たす自己居住の住宅について、年末ローン残高の一定割合を税額から控除します。初年度は物件・ローン・省エネの書類を添えて確定申告し、2年目以降は会社員なら年末調整で処理できます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["It is a tax credit (reduces tax directly), not a deduction.","The first year requires a final return with supporting documents.","Later years can run through payroll year-end adjustment.","Energy performance, construction date, floor area, income, and loan limits all matter."],"ja":["所得控除ではなく税額控除（税額を直接減らす）。","初年度は書類を添えて確定申告が必要。","2年目以降は年末調整で処理可能。","省エネ性能・建築時期・床面積・所得・借入限度が影響。"]},"sections":[{"id":"first-year","heading":{"en":"The first year","ja":"初年度"},"body":{"en":["In the first qualifying year you file a return with the loan balance certificate, property registry, purchase/construction contracts, and — for new builds — energy-standard documents. For homes occupied in 2024–2025 many categories use 0.7% of the eligible year-end loan balance, with limits and periods that depend on construction date, energy performance, floor area, family status, and property category."],"ja":["初年度は、住宅ローンの残高証明・登記事項・売買/請負契約、そして新築は省エネ基準の書類を添えて確定申告します。2024〜2025年入居の多くの区分は対象年末残高の0.7%で、限度額と期間は建築時期・省エネ性能・床面積・家族構成・住宅区分で変わります。"]}},{"id":"later","heading":{"en":"Later years and conditions","ja":"2年目以降と要件"},"body":{"en":["From the second year, employees receive a statement and can apply the credit through year-end adjustment. Not every new house qualifies — a home failing energy or construction-date conditions can receive no new-build credit even though it is owner-occupied. Income and debt ceilings also apply, so confirm the current-year rules for your occupancy year."],"ja":["2年目以降、会社員は証明書を受け取り、年末調整で控除を適用できます。すべての新築が対象ではなく、省エネや建築時期の要件を満たさない住宅は、自己居住でも新築の控除を受けられないことがあります。所得や借入の上限もあるため、入居年の当年ルールを確認してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["New homeowners with a mortgage","People planning a home purchase"],"ja":["住宅ローンのある新規住宅所有者","住宅購入を計画する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Rental/investment property (see rental interest)"],"ja":["賃貸・投資用（賃貸の利息へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Energy and construction-date conditions can disqualify a new build; verify before you buy."],"ja":["省エネ・建築時期の要件で新築が対象外になることも。購入前に確認を。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-mortgage-credit"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","property-taxes-in-japan","mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit"]},{"slug":"insurance-and-pension-premium-deductions","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-social-insurance-deduction","nta-life-insurance-deduction","nta-earthquake-insurance-deduction"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"social-insurance-full","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-social-insurance-deduction"],"value":{"en":"Social-insurance premiums you personally bear are generally fully deductible; life and earthquake insurance follow statutory caps","ja":"本人負担の社会保険料は原則全額控除、生命・地震保険は法定の上限内で控除"}}]},"title":{"en":"Social, life, and earthquake insurance deductions","ja":"社会保険料・生命保険料・地震保険料控除"},"summary":{"en":"What each covers, certificates, statutory caps, and payroll vs return claims.","ja":"各控除の対象・証明書・法定上限・年末調整と申告。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Social-insurance premiums you (or a family member you support) pay are generally fully deductible; life-insurance and earthquake-insurance premiums are deductible up to statutory caps by category — all claimed with the insurer’s certificate, via payroll or on a return.","ja":"本人（や扶養する家族）が払う社会保険料は原則全額控除、生命保険料・地震保険料は区分ごとの法定上限まで控除できます。いずれも保険会社の証明書を使い、年末調整か確定申告で申請します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Social insurance (health, pension, employment): personally borne amounts are fully deductible.","You can include premiums you paid for a family member you support.","Life insurance: capped by category (old vs new contracts).","Earthquake insurance: capped; needs the insurer certificate."],"ja":["社会保険（健康・年金・雇用）：本人負担分は全額控除。","扶養する家族の分を本人が払えば含められます。","生命保険：区分（旧/新契約）ごとに上限。","地震保険：上限あり。保険会社の証明書が必要。"]},"sections":[{"id":"social","heading":{"en":"Social-insurance premium deduction","ja":"社会保険料控除"},"body":{"en":["Premiums for health insurance, pension, employment insurance, and national pension that you personally bear are generally fully deductible — including amounts you pay for a family member sharing your livelihood (for example, a child’s national pension). Employees usually see this handled in payroll, but premiums you paid directly (e.g., during a job gap) go on the return with evidence."],"ja":["健康保険・年金・雇用保険・国民年金などで本人が負担した保険料は原則全額控除で、生計を一にする家族の分を本人が払った場合（例：子の国民年金）も含められます。会社員は通常給与で処理されますが、（転職の空白期間などに）自分で払った分は証拠を添えて申告します。"]}},{"id":"life-eq","heading":{"en":"Life and earthquake insurance","ja":"生命・地震保険"},"body":{"en":["Life-insurance premiums are deductible under statutory formulas and caps, with different treatment for old and new contracts and separate categories (general life, nursing-care/medical, individual annuity). Earthquake-insurance premiums are deductible up to a cap. Both are claimed with the insurer’s annual certificate and can be applied in year-end adjustment."],"ja":["生命保険料は、旧契約・新契約で扱いが異なり、区分（一般生命・介護医療・個人年金）ごとに法定の算式と上限の下で控除できます。地震保険料は上限まで控除できます。いずれも保険会社の年間証明書で申請し、年末調整で適用できます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Employees and freelancers with insurance","People who paid family premiums"],"ja":["保険のある会社員・フリーランス","家族の保険料を払った方"]},"notFor":{"en":["iDeCo (see the iDeCo deduction)"],"ja":["iDeCo（iDeCo控除へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Keep the insurer certificates; without them the deduction cannot be applied."],"ja":["保険会社の証明書を保管を。ないと控除は適用できません。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-social-insurance-deduction","nta-life-insurance-deduction","nta-earthquake-insurance-deduction"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","ideco-tax-deduction","year-end-adjustment-guide"]},{"slug":"ideco-tax-deduction","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-small-business-mutual-aid","ideco-official"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"ideco-deduct","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-small-business-mutual-aid"],"value":{"en":"iDeCo contributions are deductible as small-business-mutual-aid-type premiums; investment gains are tax-deferred","ja":"iDeCoの掛金は小規模企業共済等掛金控除として全額控除、運用益は非課税で繰延"}}]},"title":{"en":"iDeCo tax deduction","ja":"iDeCoの税制メリット"},"summary":{"en":"Contribution deductions, tax-deferred growth, withdrawal taxation, eligibility, and caps.","ja":"掛金控除・非課税運用・受取時課税・要件・上限。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"iDeCo contributions are fully deductible from income as small-business-mutual-aid-type premiums, growth inside the account is tax-deferred, and withdrawals get pension- or retirement-income treatment — with contribution caps that depend on your employment and pension status.","ja":"iDeCoの掛金は小規模企業共済等掛金控除として全額所得控除でき、口座内の運用益は非課税で繰り延べられ、受取時は年金または退職所得として課税されます。掛金上限は就労・年金の区分で異なります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Contributions are fully deductible from taxable income.","Investment growth is tax-deferred inside the account.","Withdrawals are taxed as pension or retirement income.","Caps depend on your employment and pension category; funds lock until ~60."],"ja":["掛金は全額所得控除。","口座内の運用益は非課税で繰延。","受取時は年金または退職所得として課税。","上限は就労・年金区分次第。原則60歳まで引き出せません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"benefit","heading":{"en":"The three tax benefits","ja":"3つの税メリット"},"body":{"en":["iDeCo has three tax advantages: contributions reduce your taxable income now (claimed via the small-business-mutual-aid-type premium deduction), investment gains are not taxed while inside the account, and at payout you get pension-income or retirement-income treatment depending on how you take it. Contribution caps depend on whether you are an employee, civil servant, self-employed, or a dependent spouse."],"ja":["iDeCoには3つの税優遇があります。掛金は今の課税所得を減らし（小規模企業共済等掛金控除で申請）、運用益は口座内では課税されず、受取時は方法により年金所得または退職所得として課税されます。掛金上限は、会社員・公務員・自営業・扶養配偶者のいずれかで異なります。"]}},{"id":"payout","heading":{"en":"Payout planning","ja":"受取の設計"},"body":{"en":["A lump-sum iDeCo payout uses the retirement-income deduction, which can overlap with a company retirement allowance and its service years — so taking both in a way that double-counts the deduction may be disallowed, and timing matters. Because funds lock until around age 60 and payout rules are intricate, model the payout before you rely on it."],"ja":["iDeCoの一時金受取は退職所得控除を使いますが、会社の退職金や勤続年数と重複し得るため、両方を控除が重複する形で受け取ると認められないことがあり、時期が重要です。原則60歳まで引き出せず受取ルールも複雑なため、頼りにする前に受取を試算しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Long-term retirement savers","Freelancers wanting a deduction"],"ja":["長期の老後資金形成者","控除を得たいフリーランス"]},"notFor":{"en":["Money you may need before ~60"],"ja":["60歳前に必要になり得る資金"]},"warnings":{"en":["iDeCo and a retirement allowance can interact on the retirement-income deduction — model the payout timing."],"ja":["iDeCoと退職金は退職所得控除で相互作用します。受取時期を試算してください。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-small-business-mutual-aid","ideco-official"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["nisa-vs-ideco","investment-taxes-in-japan","ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing"]},{"slug":"small-business-mutual-aid-tax-deduction","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-small-business-mutual-aid"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"kyosai-deduct","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-small-business-mutual-aid"],"value":{"en":"Small Business Mutual Aid (小規模企業共済) contributions are fully deductible; payouts are taxed as retirement or pension income","ja":"小規模企業共済の掛金は全額控除、共済金は退職所得または年金として課税"}}]},"title":{"en":"Small Business Mutual Aid tax deduction","ja":"小規模企業共済の控除"},"summary":{"en":"Eligible contributions, tax treatment, suitability for sole proprietors, and payout considerations.","ja":"対象掛金・税務・個人事業主への適性・受取の留意点。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Small Business Mutual Aid is a retirement scheme for sole proprietors and small-company owners whose contributions are fully deductible now and whose payouts are taxed favorably as retirement or pension income — a common way for the self-employed to build a deductible retirement fund.","ja":"小規模企業共済は、個人事業主や小規模企業の役員向けの退職金制度で、掛金は全額所得控除、共済金は退職所得や年金として優遇課税されます。自営業者が控除しながら退職資金を作る一般的な方法です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["For sole proprietors and small-business owners/officers.","Contributions are fully deductible (same deduction line as iDeCo).","Payouts are taxed as retirement or pension income.","Consider suitability, contribution flexibility, and payout conditions."],"ja":["個人事業主・小規模企業の経営者/役員向け。","掛金は全額控除（iDeCoと同じ控除枠）。","共済金は退職所得や年金として課税。","適性・掛金の柔軟性・受取条件を確認。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what","heading":{"en":"What it is","ja":"制度の概要"},"body":{"en":["Run by the SME support organization, Small Business Mutual Aid lets eligible self-employed people and small-company officers set aside monthly contributions toward a retirement payout. Contributions are fully deductible under the small-business-mutual-aid-type premium deduction (shared with iDeCo), so it reduces current tax while building a fund."],"ja":["中小機構が運営する小規模企業共済は、対象の自営業者や小規模企業の役員が、退職金に向けて月々の掛金を積み立てる制度です。掛金は（iDeCoと共通の）小規模企業共済等掛金控除で全額控除でき、今の税を減らしながら資金を作れます。"]}},{"id":"payout","heading":{"en":"Payout and suitability","ja":"受取と適性"},"body":{"en":["Payouts on retirement or business closure are taxed as retirement or pension income, which is generally favorable. It suits sole proprietors who want a deductible, disciplined retirement vehicle, but early-termination and loan rules apply, so review the conditions and how it interacts with iDeCo and a future retirement allowance before committing."],"ja":["退職や廃業時の共済金は退職所得や年金として課税され、一般に有利です。控除でき規律的な退職手段を求める個人事業主に向きますが、早期解約や貸付のルールがあるため、条件やiDeCo・将来の退職金との関係を確認してから加入しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Sole proprietors and small-business owners","Self-employed retirement savers"],"ja":["個人事業主・小規模企業経営者","自営業の老後資金形成者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Employees of larger companies"],"ja":["大企業の従業員"]},"warnings":{"en":["Early termination can reduce the return; review conditions before enrolling."],"ja":["早期解約は元本割れの可能性。加入前に条件を確認。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-small-business-mutual-aid","smbc-mutual-aid"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["ideco-tax-deduction","self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan"]},{"slug":"furusato-nozei-one-stop-vs-tax-return","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national-and-municipal","authorityIds":["nta-furusato","nta-donation-deduction"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"one-stop-conditions","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-furusato"],"value":{"en":"One-stop is for people who do not otherwise file and who donate to no more than 5 municipalities; filing a return invalidates one-stop and requires including all donations","ja":"ワンストップは確定申告しない人で寄付先5団体以内が対象。確定申告するとワンストップは無効となり全寄付を申告に含める必要がある"}}]},"title":{"en":"Furusato Nozei: one-stop vs tax return","ja":"ふるさと納税：ワンストップと確定申告"},"summary":{"en":"Eligibility, the five-municipality limit, invalidation after filing, and document handling.","ja":"要件・5自治体の上限・確定申告での無効化・書類の扱い。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Use the one-stop exception if you do not otherwise file and donated to five or fewer municipalities; but if you file a tax return for any reason, one-stop is invalidated and you must include all Furusato Nozei donations on that return.","ja":"確定申告しない人で寄付先が5自治体以下ならワンストップ特例を使えます。ただし何らかの理由で確定申告すると、ワンストップは無効になり、すべてのふるさと納税を申告に含める必要があります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["One-stop: for non-filers donating to ≤5 municipalities.","Submit a one-stop form to each municipality by the deadline.","Filing a return (for any reason) invalidates one-stop.","If you file, include every donation on the return with receipts."],"ja":["ワンストップ：確定申告しない人で寄付先5自治体以下。","各自治体に期限までにワンストップ書類を提出。","（何らかの理由で）確定申告するとワンストップは無効。","申告する場合は、全寄付を受領書とともに申告に含める。"]},"sections":[{"id":"choose","heading":{"en":"Which route applies","ja":"どちらの手続きか"},"body":{"en":["The one-stop exception is designed for salaried people who do not otherwise file and who donate to no more than five municipalities; you send a form to each locality and the credit flows through resident tax. If you already file — for medical expenses, side income, or investment losses — you cannot use one-stop and instead report all donations on your return."],"ja":["ワンストップ特例は、確定申告しない給与所得者で寄付先が5自治体以下の人向けで、各自治体に書類を送ると住民税で控除されます。医療費・副収入・投資損失などで既に確定申告する場合はワンストップを使えず、すべての寄付を申告に記載します。"]}},{"id":"trap","heading":{"en":"The common trap","ja":"よくある落とし穴"},"body":{"en":["The frequent mistake is submitting one-stop forms and then later filing a return (say, to claim a medical deduction) without re-entering the donations. Filing invalidates the one-stop applications, so if you omit the donations from the return you lose the deduction entirely. If you end up filing, always include every Furusato Nozei donation with its receipt."],"ja":["よくある誤りは、ワンストップ書類を出した後に（例えば医療費控除のため）確定申告し、寄付を入れ直さないことです。確定申告するとワンストップの申請は無効になるため、申告で寄付を漏らすと控除を丸ごと失います。申告することになったら、必ずすべてのふるさと納税を受領書付きで含めてください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Furusato Nozei donors","People deciding one-stop vs filing"],"ja":["ふるさと納税をする方","ワンストップと申告で迷う方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Calculating your donation limit (use an estimator)"],"ja":["寄付上限の計算（シミュレーターで）"]},"warnings":{"en":["If you file a return for any reason, one-stop is void — include all donations or lose the benefit."],"ja":["何らかの理由で申告すると、ワンストップは無効。全寄付を含めないと恩恵を失います。"]},"faqs":["tax-furusato"],"sources":["nta-furusato","nta-donation-deduction"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["furusato-nozei-explained","complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return"]},{"slug":"freelancer-taxes-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-blue","nta-business-expenses","nta-consumption-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"freelancer-scope","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-blue"],"value":{"en":"A sole proprietor reports business income (receipts minus necessary expenses) and may access blue-return benefits after applying","ja":"個人事業主は事業所得（収入−必要経費）を申告し、申請により青色申告特典を受けられる"}}]},"title":{"en":"Freelancer taxes in Japan","ja":"フリーランスの税金"},"summary":{"en":"Registration, income classification, expenses, bookkeeping, blue returns, consumption tax, and filing.","ja":"開業・所得区分・経費・記帳・青色申告・消費税・申告。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A freelancer reports business income (receipts minus necessary expenses), keeps books, can elect the blue return for a special deduction and loss carryforward, tests consumption-tax liability separately, and files a return each year — income-tax profit is not the same as taxable sales.","ja":"フリーランスは事業所得（収入−必要経費）を申告し、帳簿を付け、青色申告を選べば特別控除や損失繰越が使え、消費税の納税義務は別途判定し、毎年確定申告します。所得税の利益と課税売上は別物です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Business income = receipts − necessary expenses; keep books.","Electing the blue return unlocks a special deduction and loss carryforward.","Consumption-tax liability is a separate test from income-tax profit.","You file a return each year and may face estimated-tax prepayments."],"ja":["事業所得＝収入−必要経費。帳簿を付ける。","青色申告の選択で特別控除・損失繰越が使える。","消費税の納税義務は所得税の利益とは別判定。","毎年確定申告。予定納税の対象になることも。"]},"sections":[{"id":"setup","heading":{"en":"From opening to filing","ja":"開業から申告まで"},"body":{"en":["You can be taxed on business income before filing an opening notification, but you should file it and, to get the best deduction, apply for the blue return by the deadline. Keep books capturing date, counterparty, account, tax treatment, and evidence; separate a business account; and reconcile monthly. Your income-tax profit (receipts minus expenses minus any blue deduction) drives income tax."],"ja":["開業届の提出前でも事業所得は課税され得ますが、届出を出し、最大の控除を得るには期限までに青色申告を申請します。日付・相手先・勘定・税区分・証憑を記録する帳簿を付け、事業用口座を分け、毎月突合します。所得税は、収入−経費−青色控除の利益に基づきます。"]}},{"id":"layers","heading":{"en":"The separate tax layers","ja":"別々の税のレイヤー"},"body":{"en":["Beyond income tax, watch resident tax (billed next year), individual enterprise tax (for designated businesses), and consumption tax (tested on taxable sales, not profit). A registered qualified-invoice issuer is liable for consumption tax even below ¥10M sales. Reserve cash for all of these — a common freelancer cash-flow mistake is budgeting only for income tax."],"ja":["所得税のほか、住民税（翌年課税）、個人事業税（法定業種）、消費税（利益ではなく課税売上で判定）に注意します。適格請求書発行事業者は売上1,000万円以下でも消費税の納税義務があります。これらすべてに現金を確保しましょう。所得税だけを見込むのはよくある資金繰りの失敗です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["New and established freelancers","Sole proprietors and contractors"],"ja":["新規・既存のフリーランス","個人事業主・受託者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Incorporated businesses (see sole proprietor vs company)"],"ja":["法人（個人事業と法人の比較へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Income-tax profit ≠ taxable sales for consumption tax; test them separately."],"ja":["所得税の利益と消費税の課税売上は別。個別に判定を。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-blue","nta-business-expenses","nta-consumption-tax"],"relatedProducts":["freee","money-forward-cloud","yayoi"],"relatedArticles":["becoming-a-sole-proprietor","blue-vs-white-return-japan","consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors"]},{"slug":"individual-enterprise-tax","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-municipal","authorityIds":["nta-individual"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"enterprise-owner-allowance","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-individual"],"value":{"en":"Individual enterprise tax applies to designated business classes after a business-owner allowance of about ¥2.9M/year; rates are commonly 3–5%","ja":"個人事業税は法定業種に、年約290万円の事業主控除後に課税。税率は3〜5%が中心"}}]},"title":{"en":"Individual enterprise tax","ja":"個人事業税"},"summary":{"en":"Covered business categories, the business-owner allowance, rates, and local administration.","ja":"対象業種・事業主控除・税率・地方での賦課。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Individual enterprise tax is a prefectural tax on designated business classes; it applies after a business-owner allowance of about ¥2.9M per full year at rates commonly 3%, 4%, or 5%, and the income-tax blue-return special deduction is not deductible when computing it.","ja":"個人事業税は法定の業種に課される都道府県税で、年約290万円の事業主控除の後、原則3%・4%・5%の税率で課されます。所得税の青色申告特別控除は事業税の計算では控除できません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A prefectural tax on legally designated business categories.","Business-owner allowance: about ¥2.9M per full year.","Rates are commonly 3%, 4%, or 5% by activity.","The blue-return special deduction does not reduce enterprise tax."],"ja":["法定業種に課される都道府県税。","事業主控除：年約290万円。","税率は業種により原則3%・4%・5%。","青色申告特別控除は事業税を減らしません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"who","heading":{"en":"Who owes it","ja":"対象者"},"body":{"en":["Enterprise tax applies only to designated business classes — many trades and professions are listed, but some activities fall outside. It is assessed after deducting the business-owner allowance (generally ¥2.9M for a full year), so small businesses below that pay nothing. The prefecture administers it and typically bills in August and November; you do not usually file separately because it flows from your income-tax return data."],"ja":["事業税は法定の業種にのみ課され、多くの業種が対象ですが、対象外の活動もあります。事業主控除（原則年290万円）を引いた後に課税されるため、これを下回る小規模事業は納付ゼロです。都道府県が賦課し、通常8月と11月に請求します。所得税の申告データから算定されるため、通常は別途申告しません。"]}},{"id":"calc","heading":{"en":"How it is computed","ja":"計算方法"},"body":{"en":["The base is broadly your business income with the enterprise-tax rules — importantly, the income-tax blue-return special deduction is added back, so it does not reduce the enterprise-tax base. Rates are commonly 3%, 4%, or 5% depending on the statutory activity. Because categories and reliefs vary by prefecture, confirm your classification locally."],"ja":["課税標準は概ね事業税ルールでの事業所得で、重要な点として所得税の青色申告特別控除は加算し戻すため、事業税の課税標準を減らしません。税率は法定業種により原則3%・4%・5%です。業種区分や軽減は都道府県で異なるため、区分は地元で確認してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Sole proprietors above the allowance","Freelancers budgeting all taxes"],"ja":["控除超の個人事業主","全税目を見込むフリーランス"]},"notFor":{"en":["Exact prefecture categories and reliefs"],"ja":["都道府県ごとの正確な区分・軽減"]},"warnings":{"en":["Whether your activity is a taxable class varies by prefecture; confirm locally."],"ja":["対象業種かは都道府県で異なります。地元で確認を。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-individual"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["freelancer-taxes-in-japan","types-of-taxes-in-japan","estimated-tax-payments-in-japan"]},{"slug":"home-office-expenses","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-business-expenses"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"home-office-allocation","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-business-expenses"],"value":{"en":"Home rent, utilities, and communications are deductible only for the objectively distinguishable business portion","ja":"家賃・光熱費・通信費は、客観的に区分できる事業使用分のみ経費にできる"}}]},"title":{"en":"Home-office expenses","ja":"家事按分（在宅の経費）"},"summary":{"en":"Rent, utilities, internet, phone, allocation methods, and evidence.","ja":"家賃・光熱費・通信・按分方法・証拠。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"If you work from home, you can deduct only the business portion of rent, utilities, internet, and phone, using a defensible allocation such as floor area or working time — “I work from home” does not justify deducting 100% of your housing.","ja":"在宅で働く場合、家賃・光熱費・通信費のうち事業使用分だけを、床面積や使用時間など合理的な基準で按分して経費にできます。「在宅だから」で住居費を100%経費にはできません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Only the business portion is deductible (家事按分).","Use a defensible method: floor area, dedicated room, working time, or data usage.","Keep the calculation and update it when arrangements change.","100% of rent/utilities is not deductible just because you work from home."],"ja":["事業使用分のみ経費（家事按分）。","合理的方法：床面積・専用部屋・使用時間・データ量。","計算を保存し、状況が変われば更新。","在宅だからと家賃/光熱費を全額経費にはできない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"method","heading":{"en":"Allocating fairly","ja":"公平な按分"},"body":{"en":["The rule is that mixed expenses are deductible for the portion objectively used for business. A common method for rent and utilities is floor area (the share of your home used only for work), and for internet and phone, working time or data usage. Whatever basis you pick, document it and apply it consistently; a dedicated workroom makes the allocation easier to defend."],"ja":["混合費用は、客観的に事業に使う割合だけ経費にできます。家賃・光熱費は床面積（仕事だけに使う部分の割合）、通信費は使用時間やデータ量が一般的な基準です。どの基準でも、記録して一貫して適用します。専用の作業部屋があると按分を説明しやすくなります。"]}},{"id":"evidence","heading":{"en":"Evidence and risk","ja":"証拠とリスク"},"body":{"en":["Keep the floor-area calculation, a note of your method, and the underlying bills. Over-allocating housing and utilities is a frequent audit adjustment, so be conservative and realistic. Update the calculation if you move, change rooms, or shift how much you work from home during the year."],"ja":["床面積の計算、按分方法のメモ、元の請求書を保管します。住居費・光熱費の過大按分は調査でよく是正されるため、保守的で現実的に。引っ越し・部屋の変更・在宅割合の変化があれば計算を更新します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Home-based freelancers","Anyone deducting mixed expenses"],"ja":["在宅のフリーランス","混合費用を按分する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Employees (limited expense rules)"],"ja":["会社員（経費の扱いが限定的）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Over-claiming home expenses is a common audit adjustment; keep the calculation conservative and documented."],"ja":["家事按分の過大計上は調査で是正されがち。保守的に記録を。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-business-expenses"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["business-expenses-deductions-japan","equipment-and-depreciation","freelancer-taxes-in-japan"]},{"slug":"equipment-and-depreciation","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-depreciation","nta-business-expenses"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"depreciation-threshold","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-depreciation"],"value":{"en":"Assets with a useful life beyond the year are generally capitalized and depreciated; special rules cover low-value and small assets","ja":"使用可能期間が1年を超える資産は原則資産計上し減価償却。少額・小額資産の特例あり"}}]},"title":{"en":"Equipment and depreciation","ja":"設備と減価償却"},"summary":{"en":"Capitalization, useful life, low-value assets, and blue-return small-asset relief.","ja":"資産計上・耐用年数・少額資産・青色の小額特例。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Equipment that lasts beyond the year is generally capitalized and depreciated over its useful life rather than expensed at once, but low-value-asset rules, pooled depreciation, and blue-return small-asset relief can let you write off smaller items faster.","ja":"1年を超えて使う設備は原則、耐用年数で減価償却し、一括では経費にできません。ただし少額資産・一括償却・青色申告の少額特例により、小額のものは早く費用化できます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Long-life assets are capitalized and depreciated, not expensed at once.","The general depreciation line highlighted by the NTA is assets costing ≥¥100,000.","Low-value and pooled-depreciation rules speed up smaller items.","Blue-return filers get a small-asset immediate-expensing relief."],"ja":["長期使用資産は資産計上し減価償却（一括経費不可）。","国税庁が示す一般的な目安は取得価額10万円以上。","少額資産・一括償却で小額のものは早期費用化。","青色申告者は少額資産の即時償却の特例あり。"]},"sections":[{"id":"capitalize","heading":{"en":"When to capitalize","ja":"資産計上の判断"},"body":{"en":["An asset used beyond the current year (a computer, camera, or furniture) is normally capitalized and depreciated over a statutory useful life. The NTA’s general guidance highlights depreciation for assets costing at least ¥100,000. Keep a fixed-asset register recording cost, acquisition date, useful life, and accumulated depreciation."],"ja":["当年を超えて使う資産（PC・カメラ・什器など）は、原則、法定耐用年数で減価償却します。国税庁の一般的な案内は取得価額10万円以上の減価償却を示しています。取得価額・取得日・耐用年数・償却累計を記録する固定資産台帳を付けましょう。"]}},{"id":"relief","heading":{"en":"Faster write-offs","ja":"早期償却"},"body":{"en":["Several rules speed things up: items under a low-value threshold can be expensed immediately, a pooled (lump) depreciation over three years can apply to a mid-range band, and blue-return filers have a small-asset immediate-expensing relief within an annual limit. Consumption-tax treatment and any subsidy can change the depreciable base, so record those adjustments too."],"ja":["早く費用化する制度があります。少額のものは即時経費、一定の中額帯は3年一括償却、青色申告者は年間限度内で少額資産を即時費用化できます。消費税の処理や補助金は償却の基礎を変えるため、その調整も記録します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Freelancers buying equipment","Landlords with building assets"],"ja":["設備を買うフリーランス","建物資産のある大家"]},"notFor":{"en":["Exact useful-life tables (verify by asset)"],"ja":["正確な耐用年数表（資産ごとに確認）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Expensing a capital asset all at once when it should be depreciated is a common error."],"ja":["減価償却すべき資産を一括経費にするのはよくある誤りです。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-depreciation","nta-business-expenses"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["home-office-expenses","business-expenses-deductions-japan","rental-property-depreciation"]},{"slug":"paying-family-members-from-a-business","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-family-employee"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"blue-family-salary","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-family-employee"],"value":{"en":"Blue-return family-employee salary requires advance notification and reasonable pay for actual work; the spouse/dependent deduction is then generally lost","ja":"青色事業専従者給与は事前届出と実際の労働への相当対価が要件で、配偶者・扶養控除は原則受けられなくなる"}}]},"title":{"en":"Paying family members from a business","ja":"家族への給与（専従者給与）"},"summary":{"en":"Blue-return family salaries, advance notification, reasonable pay, and lost deductions.","ja":"青色専従者給与・事前届出・相当な対価・失われる控除。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Paying a spouse or relative who shares your household is not automatically deductible; blue-return family-employee salary requires advance notification and reasonable pay for real work, and when you pay it you generally lose the spouse or dependent deduction for that person.","ja":"生計を一にする配偶者や親族への支払いは自動では経費になりません。青色事業専従者給与は事前の届出と実際の労働への相当な対価が要件で、支払うとその人の配偶者控除・扶養控除は原則受けられなくなります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Family payments are not deductible by default.","Blue-return family salary needs advance notification and reasonable pay.","The work must be real and the amount reasonable for it.","You generally lose the spouse/dependent deduction for that person."],"ja":["家族への支払いは原則そのままでは経費不可。","青色専従者給与は事前届出と相当な対価が必要。","実際の労働があり、金額が相当であること。","その人の配偶者・扶養控除は原則失う。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rules","heading":{"en":"The blue-return route","ja":"青色の方法"},"body":{"en":["To deduct salary paid to a spouse or relative who shares your livelihood, you generally use the blue-return family-employee (青色事業専従者) rules: file the advance notification stating the role and amount, ensure the person actually works in the business, and pay a reasonable wage for that work. White-return treatment is more limited (a fixed family-worker deduction rather than actual salary)."],"ja":["生計を一にする配偶者や親族への給与を経費にするには、原則、青色事業専従者の制度を使います。役割と金額を記した届出を事前に提出し、その人が実際に事業に従事し、労働に見合う相当な給与を支払います。白色申告は扱いが限定的で、実際の給与ではなく定額の事業専従者控除です。"]}},{"id":"tradeoff","heading":{"en":"The trade-off","ja":"トレードオフ"},"body":{"en":["Paying a family employee is a trade-off: the salary becomes a business expense, but you generally can no longer claim the spouse or dependent deduction for that person, and the family member has their own income to account for. Model both sides — the deductible salary versus the lost personal deduction — before setting the amount."],"ja":["家族への給与はトレードオフです。給与は経費になりますが、その人の配偶者・扶養控除は原則受けられなくなり、家族側にも所得が生じます。金額を決める前に、経費になる給与と失う人的控除の両面を試算しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Family-run sole proprietorships","Freelancers whose spouse helps"],"ja":["家族経営の個人事業","配偶者が手伝うフリーランス"]},"notFor":{"en":["Corporate director compensation"],"ja":["法人の役員報酬"]},"warnings":{"en":["Paying a family employee generally forfeits the spouse/dependent deduction — model both sides."],"ja":["専従者給与を払うと配偶者・扶養控除は原則失います。両面を試算してください。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-family-employee"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["hiring-family-outsourcing-japan","spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","blue-vs-white-return-japan"]},{"slug":"consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-consumption-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"ct-exemption","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-consumption-tax"],"value":{"en":"A sole proprietor is generally exempt when base-period taxable sales (normally the second preceding year) do not exceed ¥10M","ja":"基準期間（原則2年前）の課税売上が1,000万円以下なら原則免税"}}]},"title":{"en":"Consumption tax for sole proprietors","ja":"個人事業主の消費税"},"summary":{"en":"Taxable sales, exemption, base periods, input credits, rates, and records.","ja":"課税売上・免税・基準期間・仕入税額控除・税率・記録。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A sole proprietor is generally exempt from consumption tax when base-period taxable sales (normally two years prior) do not exceed ¥10M, but the exemption can be lost by the specified-period test, a voluntary election, succession, or qualified-invoice registration.","ja":"個人事業主は、基準期間（原則2年前）の課税売上が1,000万円以下なら原則免税ですが、特定期間の判定・課税事業者選択・事業承継・適格請求書登録により免税を失うことがあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Exempt when base-period taxable sales ≤ ¥10M (normally two years prior).","Exemption can be lost by the specified-period test or a voluntary election.","Qualified-invoice registration makes you taxable even below ¥10M.","Taxable sales ≠ profit; test them separately."],"ja":["基準期間（原則2年前）の課税売上1,000万円以下は免税。","特定期間の判定や課税事業者選択で免税を失うことも。","適格請求書登録は1,000万円以下でも課税事業者に。","課税売上と利益は別。個別に判定。"]},"sections":[{"id":"exempt","heading":{"en":"Who is exempt","ja":"免税の対象"},"body":{"en":["For an individual, the base period is normally the second preceding year, and if taxable sales there did not exceed ¥10M you are generally an exempt (免税) business. But the exemption can be lost through the first-half “specified period” test, a voluntary taxable-business election, succession rules, or — importantly — registering as a qualified-invoice issuer, which makes you taxable regardless of sales."],"ja":["個人の基準期間は原則2年前で、そこでの課税売上が1,000万円以下なら原則免税事業者です。ただし、上半期の「特定期間」判定、課税事業者選択、事業承継、そして重要な点として適格請求書発行事業者への登録により、売上に関係なく課税事業者になります。"]}},{"id":"calc","heading":{"en":"Paying it","ja":"納付"},"body":{"en":["A taxable business charges consumption tax on sales and remits the balance after input-tax credits (or uses the simplified method). Rates are the standard rate and the reduced rate for certain items. Because taxable sales — not profit — determine liability, a low-profit business can still exceed the ¥10M threshold. Keep the books and invoices needed for input credits for seven years."],"ja":["課税事業者は売上に消費税を課し、仕入税額控除後の差額を納付します（または簡易課税を使用）。税率は標準税率と一部の軽減税率です。利益ではなく課税売上で判定するため、低利益でも1,000万円を超え得ます。仕入税額控除に必要な帳簿・請求書は7年保存します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Growing freelancers near ¥10M","Anyone weighing invoice registration"],"ja":["1,000万円に近づくフリーランス","インボイス登録を検討する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Corporate consumption-tax rules"],"ja":["法人の消費税ルール"]},"warnings":{"en":["Registering for the invoice system makes an otherwise-exempt business liable for consumption tax."],"ja":["インボイス登録は、本来免税の事業者を課税事業者にします。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-consumption-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold","should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax"]},{"slug":"japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-consumption-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"ct-base-period","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-consumption-tax"],"value":{"en":"The ¥10M test looks at taxable sales in the base period (normally two years prior), not profit","ja":"1,000万円の判定は利益ではなく基準期間（原則2年前）の課税売上で見る"}}]},"title":{"en":"Japan’s ¥10 million consumption-tax threshold","ja":"消費税1,000万円の基準"},"summary":{"en":"Taxable sales vs profit, base period, specified period, and new-business exceptions.","ja":"課税売上と利益・基準期間・特定期間・新規事業の例外。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The ¥10M threshold is about taxable sales in the base period (normally two years prior), not profit — so a low-margin business can be liable — and new businesses can still be taxable through the specified-period test, election, or invoice registration.","ja":"1,000万円の基準は、利益ではなく基準期間（原則2年前）の課税売上で判定します。薄利でも課税事業者になり得ます。新規事業も特定期間判定・選択・インボイス登録で課税事業者になり得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The measure is taxable sales, not profit.","Base period for an individual is normally the second preceding year.","The specified-period test can make you taxable sooner.","A new business is not automatically exempt."],"ja":["判定は利益ではなく課税売上。","個人の基準期間は原則2年前。","特定期間の判定で早く課税事業者になることも。","新規事業も自動的に免税ではない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"sales","heading":{"en":"Sales, not profit","ja":"利益ではなく売上"},"body":{"en":["The common misunderstanding is that ¥10M refers to profit. It refers to taxable sales in the base period — for an individual, normally the year two years earlier. A business with high turnover but thin margins can cross the line while a high-profit consultancy with modest billings may not. Measure taxable sales specifically, excluding non-taxable items."],"ja":["よくある誤解は1,000万円を利益と考えることです。実際は基準期間（個人は原則2年前）の課税売上です。回転の高い薄利の事業は超えやすく、少額請求で高利益のコンサルは超えないこともあります。非課税項目を除いた課税売上を具体的に測ります。"]}},{"id":"new","heading":{"en":"New businesses and exceptions","ja":"新規事業と例外"},"body":{"en":["A new business has no base period at first, which is why it is often exempt for the first years — but not always. The first-half specified-period test (using sales or wages) can make you taxable in year two, a voluntary election can be chosen, and invoice registration overrides exemption entirely. Model your trajectory before assuming two tax-free years."],"ja":["新規事業は当初、基準期間がないため最初の年は免税のことが多いですが、常にではありません。上半期の特定期間判定（売上または給与）で2年目に課税事業者になり得え、課税事業者選択も可能で、インボイス登録は免税を完全に上書きします。2年間免税と決めつける前に見通しを試算しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Freelancers approaching ¥10M sales","New business owners"],"ja":["課税売上1,000万円に近づくフリーランス","新規事業者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Exact election timing (get advice)"],"ja":["選択の正確な時期（専門家へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["A new business is not guaranteed two exempt years; the specified-period test can apply."],"ja":["新規事業に2年間の免税は保証されません。特定期間判定が及び得ます。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-consumption-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","consumption-tax-freelancers-japan"]},{"slug":"should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-invoice","nta-invoice-2wari"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"invoice-registration-effect","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-invoice"],"value":{"en":"Registering as a qualified-invoice issuer makes an otherwise-exempt business liable for consumption tax; the 20% special measure can ease early years","ja":"適格請求書発行事業者への登録は免税事業者を課税事業者にする。初期は2割特例で負担を緩和できる"}}]},"title":{"en":"Should you register for the invoice system?","ja":"インボイス登録すべきか"},"summary":{"en":"Client pressure, pricing, lost work, compliance cost, and consumption-tax liability.","ja":"取引先の要請・価格・失注・事務負担・消費税負担。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Registering as a qualified-invoice issuer lets business clients claim input credits on what they pay you, but it makes you liable for consumption tax you were exempt from — so weigh client pressure and lost work against the tax and compliance cost, using the 20% special measure to soften early years.","ja":"適格請求書発行事業者に登録すると、取引先はあなたへの支払いで仕入税額控除を受けられますが、あなたは免税だった消費税の納税義務を負います。取引先の要請や失注リスクと、税・事務負担を天秤にかけ、初期は2割特例で緩和します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Registration lets business customers claim input-tax credit on your invoices.","It also makes you a taxable business (you owe consumption tax).","Weigh client pressure and lost work vs the tax and compliance cost.","The 20% special measure can cap early-year liability for eligible registrants."],"ja":["登録で取引先はあなたの請求書で仕入税額控除が可能に。","同時にあなたは課税事業者に（消費税の納税義務）。","取引先の要請・失注と、税・事務負担を比較。","対象なら2割特例で初期の納税額を抑えられる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"why","heading":{"en":"Why clients care","ja":"取引先が気にする理由"},"body":{"en":["Business customers generally need a qualified invoice to claim input-tax credit on what they pay. If you are unregistered, a business client’s cost effectively rises, which is why some ask suppliers to register or renegotiate price. Consumers and clients who cannot use input credit anyway do not care about your registration."],"ja":["取引先は原則、仕入税額控除を受けるために適格請求書が必要です。未登録だと取引先の実質コストが上がるため、登録や価格交渉を求める先があります。もともと仕入税額控除を使えない消費者や取引先は、登録の有無を気にしません。"]}},{"id":"decide","heading":{"en":"Making the decision","ja":"判断の仕方"},"body":{"en":["Model it: how much of your revenue is from business clients who need input credit, whether losing them or discounting outweighs the consumption tax you would owe, and the compliance cost of filing. For eligible newly taxable registrants, the temporary 20% special measure lets you pay just 20% of output tax through qualifying periods, softening the early hit. This is a good first-registration question for a tax accountant."],"ja":["試算します。売上のうち仕入税額控除が必要な事業者向けの割合、失注や値引きが納める消費税を上回るか、申告の事務負担です。対象の新規課税登録者は、経過的な2割特例により対象期間中は売上税額の2割の納付で済み、初期の負担を緩和できます。初回登録は税理士に相談すべき論点です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Exempt freelancers with business clients","Anyone pressured to register"],"ja":["事業者取引のある免税フリーランス","登録を求められた方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Businesses selling only to consumers"],"ja":["消費者のみに販売する事業"]},"warnings":{"en":["Registration is not easily reversed and creates ongoing filing obligations; model it first."],"ja":["登録は簡単には戻せず、継続的な申告義務が生じます。先に試算を。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-invoice","nta-invoice-2wari"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["invoice-system-explained","the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax"]},{"slug":"simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-simplified-consumption"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"simplified-eligibility","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-simplified-consumption"],"value":{"en":"The simplified method can be elected when base-period taxable sales are ≤ ¥50M, using deemed purchase ratios of 40–90% by business type","ja":"基準期間の課税売上5,000万円以下で簡易課税を選択でき、業種別のみなし仕入率40〜90%を使う"}}]},"title":{"en":"Simplified vs general consumption-tax calculation","ja":"簡易課税と本則課税"},"summary":{"en":"Eligibility, deemed purchase ratios, actual input tax, lock-in periods, and examples.","ja":"要件・みなし仕入率・実額仕入・拘束期間・例。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The simplified method (electable when base-period taxable sales are ≤¥50M) replaces actual input-tax tracking with a deemed purchase ratio (40–90% by business type), while the general method uses your real input tax — the election has deadlines and a lock-in, so model it first.","ja":"簡易課税（基準期間の課税売上5,000万円以下で選択可）は、実際の仕入税額の集計に代えて業種別のみなし仕入率（40〜90%）を使い、本則課税は実際の仕入税額を使います。選択には期限と拘束期間があるため、先に試算します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Simplified: electable at ≤¥50M base-period taxable sales.","It uses deemed purchase ratios (40–90%) by business category.","General method uses your actual input tax (better if you have big inputs).","The election has filing deadlines and a lock-in period."],"ja":["簡易課税：基準期間の課税売上5,000万円以下で選択可。","業種別のみなし仕入率（40〜90%）を使用。","本則課税は実際の仕入税額を使用（仕入が大きいと有利）。","選択には届出期限と拘束期間がある。"]},"sections":[{"id":"methods","heading":{"en":"The two methods","ja":"2つの方法"},"body":{"en":["Under the general (本則) method you compute output tax minus your actual input tax. Under the simplified (簡易課税) method — available when base-period taxable sales are ¥50M or less and you elect it — you skip actual input tracking and apply a deemed purchase ratio by business category (90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, or 40%). A service business with few taxable purchases often pays less under simplified; a business with large taxable inputs may prefer general."],"ja":["本則課税では、売上税額から実際の仕入税額を引きます。簡易課税（基準期間の課税売上5,000万円以下で選択した場合）は、実額の集計をせず業種別のみなし仕入率（90・80・70・60・50・40%）を適用します。課税仕入の少ないサービス業は簡易が有利なことが多く、課税仕入が大きい事業は本則が有利なこともあります。"]}},{"id":"lockin","heading":{"en":"Election and lock-in","ja":"選択と拘束"},"body":{"en":["The simplified election has filing deadlines and generally locks you in for a period, so you cannot switch year to year to chase the lower result. If you expect a large future purchase (equipment, inventory) that would generate big input credits, the general method may be better that year. Model both before electing, especially at first registration."],"ja":["簡易課税の選択は届出期限があり、原則一定期間拘束されるため、毎年有利な方に乗り換えることはできません。将来、大きな仕入（設備・在庫）で多額の仕入税額控除が見込まれるなら、その年は本則が有利なことがあります。特に初回登録時は、選択前に両方を試算します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Taxable freelancers ≤¥50M sales","Anyone choosing a method"],"ja":["課税売上5,000万円以下の課税事業者","方式を選ぶ方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Businesses above ¥50M base-period sales"],"ja":["基準期間の課税売上5,000万円超"]},"warnings":{"en":["The election locks in; a big planned purchase year may favor the general method."],"ja":["選択は拘束されます。大きな仕入予定の年は本則が有利なことも。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-simplified-consumption"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system"]},{"slug":"the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-invoice-2wari"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"twenty-percent-measure","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-invoice-2wari"],"value":{"en":"Eligible newly taxable invoice registrants can pay 20% of output tax for taxable periods containing dates through September 30, 2026","ja":"対象の新規課税登録者は、2026年9月30日までの日を含む課税期間について売上税額の2割で納付できる"}}]},"title":{"en":"The 20% invoice-system special measure","ja":"インボイスの2割特例"},"summary":{"en":"Eligibility, covered periods, calculation, interaction with simplified taxation, and end date.","ja":"対象・対象期間・計算・簡易課税との関係・終了時期。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The temporary 20% special measure lets eligible businesses that became taxable only because they registered for the invoice system pay just 20% of their output tax, for taxable periods containing dates through September 30, 2026 — cushioning the early cost of registration.","ja":"経過的な2割特例は、インボイス登録によってのみ課税事業者になった対象事業者が、2026年9月30日までの日を含む課税期間について売上税額の2割だけを納付できる制度で、登録初期の負担を緩和します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["For businesses that became taxable only due to invoice registration.","Pay 20% of output tax instead of the general or simplified result.","Covers taxable periods containing dates through September 30, 2026.","Plan for what happens when the measure ends."],"ja":["インボイス登録によってのみ課税事業者になった事業者向け。","本則・簡易ではなく売上税額の2割を納付。","2026年9月30日までの日を含む課税期間が対象。","特例終了後の対応を計画する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how","heading":{"en":"How it works","ja":"仕組み"},"body":{"en":["If you were an exempt business and became taxable only because you registered as a qualified-invoice issuer, you can elect to pay 20% of your output consumption tax — a large simplification that usually reduces the bill versus the general method. It applies to taxable periods containing dates through September 30, 2026, subject to the detailed eligibility rules, and you can generally choose it period by period."],"ja":["免税事業者だった人がインボイス登録によってのみ課税事業者になった場合、売上に係る消費税の2割だけを納付する選択ができます。本則より負担が小さくなることが多い大幅な簡素化です。詳細な要件の下、2026年9月30日までの日を含む課税期間に適用され、原則、課税期間ごとに選べます。"]}},{"id":"after","heading":{"en":"Planning past the measure","ja":"特例後の計画"},"body":{"en":["Because the measure is temporary, model what your consumption tax will look like after it ends — whether the simplified method or general method fits, and whether registration still makes sense. Do not build pricing around a relief that expires; decide your post-relief method in advance."],"ja":["特例は経過的なため、終了後の消費税がどうなるか（簡易課税と本則のどちらが合うか、登録を続ける意味があるか）を試算します。期限切れの特例を前提に価格設定せず、特例後の方式を前もって決めましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Newly registered invoice issuers","Formerly exempt freelancers"],"ja":["新規のインボイス登録者","元免税のフリーランス"]},"notFor":{"en":["Businesses taxable regardless of registration"],"ja":["登録に関係なく課税の事業者"]},"warnings":{"en":["The measure ends for periods after September 30, 2026 — reverify successor rules before relying on it."],"ja":["2026年9月30日以降の期間は対象外です。後継措置を確認してから前提にしてください。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-invoice-2wari"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax","consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors"]},{"slug":"consumption-tax-for-landlords-and-property-owners","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-consumption-tax","nta-real-estate-income"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"residential-rent-exempt","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-consumption-tax"],"value":{"en":"Residential rent is generally non-taxable for consumption tax, while commercial rent is taxable; land sales are treated differently from buildings","ja":"住宅家賃は原則非課税、事業用家賃は課税。土地の売買は建物と扱いが異なる"}}]},"title":{"en":"Consumption tax for landlords and property owners","ja":"大家・不動産オーナーの消費税"},"summary":{"en":"Residential vs commercial rent, land vs buildings, purchases, input credits, and sales.","ja":"住宅家賃と事業用家賃・土地と建物・購入・仕入税額控除・売却。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Residential rent is generally non-taxable for consumption tax while commercial rent is taxable; land transactions are treated differently from buildings; and whether you can claim input credits or owe tax on a sale depends on your taxable status and the property’s use.","ja":"住宅の家賃は原則非課税、事業用の家賃は課税で、土地の取引は建物と扱いが異なります。仕入税額控除の可否や売却時の課税は、課税事業者かどうかと物件の用途で決まります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Residential rent: generally non-taxable; commercial rent: taxable.","Land is treated differently from buildings for consumption tax.","Input credits depend on your taxable status and the property’s use.","A building sale by a taxable seller can carry consumption tax; land does not."],"ja":["住宅家賃：原則非課税、事業用家賃：課税。","土地は建物と消費税の扱いが異なる。","仕入税額控除は課税事業者か・用途次第。","課税事業者の建物売却は課税、土地は非課税。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rent","heading":{"en":"Rent and land","ja":"家賃と土地"},"body":{"en":["For consumption tax, ordinary residential rent is generally non-taxable, so a residential landlord is often outside the consumption-tax system, while commercial rent is taxable. Land transactions (rent of land and land sales) are treated differently from buildings. This means a mixed portfolio can have both taxable and non-taxable streams, which affects input-credit calculations."],"ja":["消費税では、通常の住宅家賃は原則非課税のため住宅の大家は消費税の外にいることが多く、事業用家賃は課税です。土地の取引（地代や土地の売買）は建物と扱いが異なります。したがって混在ポートフォリオでは課税・非課税が併存し、仕入税額控除の計算に影響します。"]}},{"id":"buy-sell","heading":{"en":"Buying and selling","ja":"購入と売却"},"body":{"en":["A taxable seller’s building component can carry consumption tax on a sale, while land does not. Whether you can recover input tax on purchases and expenses depends on being a taxable business and on the taxable/non-taxable mix of your rental income. Because residential landlords are often exempt and commercial ownership can bring input-credit opportunities, the analysis is property-specific — get advice for larger portfolios."],"ja":["課税事業者の建物部分は売却時に消費税が課され得ますが、土地は非課税です。購入や経費の仕入税額を回収できるかは、課税事業者であることと、賃料収入の課税・非課税の構成によります。住宅の大家は免税のことが多く、事業用の保有は仕入税額控除の機会を生むため、分析は物件ごとです。規模が大きい場合は専門家へ。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Commercial and mixed-use landlords","Property investors near the threshold"],"ja":["事業用・混合用途の大家","基準額付近の不動産投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["Purely residential small landlords (often exempt)"],"ja":["純粋な住宅の小規模大家（多くは免税）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Mixed taxable/non-taxable rental income complicates input credits; get advice for commercial property."],"ja":["課税・非課税が混在すると仕入税額控除が複雑に。事業用は専門家へ。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-consumption-tax","nta-real-estate-income"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-taxes-in-japan","rental-income-tax-for-landlords","consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors"]},{"slug":"taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-listed-shares"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"listed-gain-rate","kind":"rate","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-listed-shares"],"value":{"en":"Listed-share gains are taxed separately at a combined 20.315%; a withholding-designated account can settle tax without a return","ja":"上場株式の譲渡益は分離課税で合計20.315%。源泉徴収ありの特定口座なら申告不要で完結"}}]},"title":{"en":"Taxes on Japanese stocks and capital gains","ja":"日本株と譲渡益の税金"},"summary":{"en":"Separate taxation, the 20.315% rate, withholding accounts, filing, and loss offsets.","ja":"分離課税・20.315%・特定口座・申告・損益通算。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Gains on listed shares are taxed separately at a combined 20.315%; a withholding-designated (特定) account collects the tax automatically, but you can file to offset losses against gains and dividends or carry a loss forward three years.","ja":"上場株式の譲渡益は分離課税で合計20.315%。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）なら自動で課税されますが、損失を利益・配当と通算したり3年繰り越すために申告することもできます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Combined rate: 20.315% (15% national + 0.315% reconstruction + 5% local).","A withholding 特定 account settles tax without a return.","Filing lets you offset losses and carry them forward three years.","Filing can affect resident tax, insurance premiums, and dependent status."],"ja":["合計税率：20.315%（国税15%＋復興0.315%＋地方5%）。","源泉徴収ありの特定口座は申告不要で完結。","申告すれば損失を通算し3年繰越できる。","申告は住民税・保険料・扶養に影響し得る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rate","heading":{"en":"The rate and accounts","ja":"税率と口座"},"body":{"en":["Listed-share gains use separate self-assessment taxation at 20.315% combined. If you use a withholding-designated (特定口座・源泉徴収あり) account, the broker withholds and remits, so you need not file. A non-withholding 特定 account gives you the annual report but you file yourself, and a general account requires you to compute everything."],"ja":["上場株式の譲渡益は申告分離課税で合計20.315%です。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）を使うと証券会社が源泉徴収・納付するため申告不要です。源泉徴収なしの特定口座は年間報告書は出ますが自分で申告し、一般口座はすべて自分で計算します。"]}},{"id":"losses","heading":{"en":"When to file anyway","ja":"あえて申告する場合"},"body":{"en":["Even with a withholding account, filing can pay off: you can offset a listed-share loss against gains and eligible dividends, and carry a remaining loss forward three years with continuous filing. But filing adds the income to resident-tax measures, which can raise health-insurance premiums or affect dependent status — so weigh the whole picture."],"ja":["源泉徴収口座でも申告が得なことがあります。上場株式の損失を利益や対象配当と通算でき、残った損失は継続申告で3年繰り越せます。ただし申告するとその所得が住民税の指標に加わり、国保料の上昇や扶養判定に影響し得るため、全体で比較しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Stock investors","Anyone with a taxable brokerage account"],"ja":["株式投資家","課税口座を持つ方"]},"notFor":{"en":["NISA holdings (tax-free, losses unusable)"],"ja":["NISA（非課税・損失は使えない）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Filing to use losses also raises resident-tax-based measures like health-insurance premiums; model both."],"ja":["損失利用の申告は国保料など住民税ベースの指標も上げます。両方を試算。"]},"faqs":["tax-crypto"],"sources":["nta-listed-shares"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses","how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance"]},{"slug":"taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-dividends"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"dividend-withholding","kind":"rate","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-dividends"],"value":{"en":"Listed dividends generally have 15.315% national withholding plus 5% local tax; non-filing, aggregate, or separate taxation may be chosen","ja":"上場配当は原則、国税15.315%＋地方5%の源泉徴収。申告不要・総合課税・分離課税を選択可"}}]},"title":{"en":"Taxes on dividends","ja":"配当の税金"},"summary":{"en":"Withholding, non-filing, aggregate vs separate taxation, and the dividend credit.","ja":"源泉徴収・申告不要・総合課税と分離課税・配当控除。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Listed dividends generally have 15.315% national withholding plus 5% local tax, and you can choose non-filing, aggregate taxation (with the dividend credit), or separate taxation — the best choice depends on your marginal rate, losses, resident tax, and insurance effects.","ja":"上場配当は原則、国税15.315%＋地方5%が源泉徴収され、申告不要・総合課税（配当控除あり）・分離課税を選べます。最適は限界税率・損失・住民税・保険への影響で変わります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Listed dividends: 15.315% national + 5% local withholding.","Three options: non-filing, aggregate taxation, or separate taxation.","Aggregate taxation can use the dividend credit at lower incomes.","Large shareholders and unlisted dividends follow different rules."],"ja":["上場配当：国税15.315%＋地方5%の源泉徴収。","3択：申告不要・総合課税・分離課税。","低所得では総合課税＋配当控除が有利なことも。","大口株主・非上場配当は別ルール。"]},"sections":[{"id":"options","heading":{"en":"Your three options","ja":"3つの選択肢"},"body":{"en":["For listed dividends you can leave them under withholding (non-filing), include them in aggregate taxation (where the dividend credit and your progressive rate apply), or use separate taxation (which pairs with share-loss offsets). Lower-income taxpayers sometimes gain from aggregate taxation and the dividend credit; higher-income taxpayers often prefer non-filing or separate taxation."],"ja":["上場配当は、源泉徴収のまま（申告不要）、総合課税に含める（配当控除と累進税率が適用）、分離課税を使う（株式損失との通算に対応）のいずれかを選べます。低所得者は総合課税＋配当控除が有利なことがあり、高所得者は申告不要や分離課税を好むことが多いです。"]}},{"id":"careful","heading":{"en":"What to watch","ja":"注意点"},"body":{"en":["The right choice depends on the dividend credit, any share losses to offset, your marginal rate, and — importantly — resident tax, health-insurance premiums, and dependent status, since filing adds the income to those measures. Large shareholders and unlisted-company dividends have their own, less favorable rules. Model the full effect before choosing."],"ja":["最適は、配当控除・通算する株式損失・限界税率、そして重要な点として住民税・国保料・扶養判定によります。申告するとその所得がこれらの指標に加わるためです。大口株主や非上場配当は独自の（不利な）ルールです。選ぶ前に全体の影響を試算しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Dividend investors","People choosing how to report dividends"],"ja":["配当投資家","配当の申告方法を選ぶ方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Large shareholders (special rules)"],"ja":["大口株主（特別ルール）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Filing dividends can raise insurance premiums and affect dependents — weigh national and local effects together."],"ja":["配当の申告は保険料上昇や扶養に影響。国税・地方を合わせて検討を。"]},"faqs":["tax-crypto"],"sources":["nta-dividends"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance","investment-taxes-in-japan"]},{"slug":"how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-listed-shares"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"loss-carryforward","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-listed-shares"],"value":{"en":"A qualifying listed-share loss can offset gains and eligible dividends and be carried forward three years with continuous filing","ja":"上場株式の損失は利益・対象配当と通算でき、継続申告により3年間繰り越せる"}}]},"title":{"en":"How to claim and carry forward stock losses","ja":"株式損失の申告と繰越"},"summary":{"en":"Eligible losses, dividend offsets, continuous filing, and the three-year carryforward.","ja":"対象損失・配当との通算・継続申告・3年繰越。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A listed-share loss can be offset against listed-share gains and, by election, eligible dividends; any remaining loss carries forward three years — but only if you file a return each year continuously, even in years with no gain.","ja":"上場株式の損失は、上場株式の利益や（選択により）対象配当と通算でき、残額は3年繰り越せます。ただし利益のない年も含め、毎年継続して申告した場合に限ります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Offset losses against listed-share gains and, by election, eligible dividends.","Carry a remaining loss forward up to three years.","You must file continuously — even in a no-gain year — to preserve it.","Requires an eligible account and the annual transaction report."],"ja":["損失は上場株式の利益・（選択で）対象配当と通算。","残った損失は最大3年繰越。","利益のない年も継続申告しないと繰越は消える。","対象口座と年間取引報告書が必要。"]},"sections":[{"id":"offset","heading":{"en":"Offsetting and carrying forward","ja":"通算と繰越"},"body":{"en":["When you realize a loss on listed shares, filing lets you set it against listed-share gains in the same year and, if you elect, against eligible listed dividends. If a loss remains, it carries forward up to three years to offset future gains and dividends. This can meaningfully reduce tax across a volatile few years."],"ja":["上場株式で損失が出た年に申告すると、同年の上場株式の利益や、選択により対象の上場配当と通算できます。損失が残れば、将来の利益・配当と通算するため最大3年繰り越せます。値動きの大きい数年で税を大きく減らせることがあります。"]}},{"id":"continuous","heading":{"en":"Keep filing","ja":"継続申告"},"body":{"en":["The catch is continuity: to keep a carried-forward loss alive you must file a return every year in the carryforward window, even a year with no gains, otherwise the loss is lost. Keep the annual transaction reports, and if you have losses across multiple brokers, filing consolidates them."],"ja":["注意点は継続性です。繰越損失を維持するには、繰越期間中は利益のない年も含め毎年申告する必要があり、怠ると損失は消えます。年間取引報告書を保管し、複数の証券会社に損失がある場合は申告で合算します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors with realized losses","Active traders across brokers"],"ja":["損失を実現した投資家","複数口座のアクティブ投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["NISA losses (not usable)"],"ja":["NISAの損失（利用不可）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Skip a year’s filing and the carryforward is lost — file every year in the window."],"ja":["1年でも申告を欠くと繰越は消滅。期間中は毎年申告を。"]},"faqs":["tax-crypto"],"sources":["nta-listed-shares"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","investment-taxes-in-japan"]},{"slug":"how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national-and-municipal","authorityIds":["nta-listed-shares","shinjuku-resident-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"filing-affects-nhi","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["shinjuku-resident-tax"],"value":{"en":"Filing investment income adds it to resident-tax income measures, which can raise National Health Insurance premiums and affect dependent status and benefits","ja":"投資所得を申告すると住民税の所得指標に加わり、国民健康保険料の上昇や扶養・給付に影響し得る"}}]},"title":{"en":"How filing investments can affect health insurance and benefits","ja":"投資の申告が健康保険・給付に及ぼす影響"},"summary":{"en":"Resident-tax income, National Health Insurance, dependent status, and filing-choice tradeoffs.","ja":"住民税の所得・国民健康保険・扶養・申告選択のトレードオフ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Choosing to file investment income (to use losses or the dividend credit) adds it to the income figures used for resident tax, National Health Insurance premiums, dependent status, and some benefits — so a national-tax refund can be offset by higher premiums.","ja":"損失利用や配当控除のために投資所得を申告すると、住民税・国民健康保険料・扶養・一部の給付で使う所得に加わります。国税の還付が保険料の増加で相殺されることもあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Filing investment income adds it to resident-tax income measures.","That can raise National Health Insurance premiums.","It can affect dependent status and income-tested benefits.","A national-tax refund can be partly offset by higher premiums."],"ja":["投資所得の申告は住民税の所得指標に加算される。","国民健康保険料が上がり得る。","扶養や所得制限のある給付に影響し得る。","国税の還付が保険料増で一部相殺されることも。"]},"sections":[{"id":"link","heading":{"en":"The hidden link","ja":"隠れた連動"},"body":{"en":["Investment income under a withholding account stays out of your reported income unless you choose to file. When you do file — to offset losses or claim the dividend credit — the income joins the figures used for resident tax and, for those on National Health Insurance, premium calculations. It can also push someone over a dependent threshold or reduce an income-tested benefit."],"ja":["源泉徴収口座の投資所得は、申告しない限り申告所得に入りません。損失通算や配当控除のために申告すると、その所得が住民税、そして国民健康保険加入者は保険料計算に使う所得に加わります。扶養の基準を超えさせたり、所得制限のある給付を減らすこともあります。"]}},{"id":"choose","heading":{"en":"Choosing well","ja":"賢い選択"},"body":{"en":["This is why the filing choice is not only about income tax. A refund from offsetting a loss can be partly or fully eaten by higher insurance premiums or lost dependent status. Employees on employer health insurance are less exposed than those on National Health Insurance. Model the national tax, resident tax, premiums, and benefits together before deciding to file."],"ja":["だからこそ申告の選択は所得税だけの問題ではありません。損失通算の還付が、保険料増や扶養喪失で一部・全部が消えることがあります。会社の健康保険の会社員は国保加入者より影響が小さいです。申告を決める前に、国税・住民税・保険料・給付を合わせて試算しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["National Health Insurance members","Anyone deciding whether to file investments"],"ja":["国民健康保険の加入者","投資の申告可否を検討する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["People certain they must file anyway"],"ja":["いずれにせよ申告必須の方"]},"warnings":{"en":["A national refund can be outweighed by higher NHI premiums — check the net effect first."],"ja":["国税の還付が国保料増を下回ることも。差引の効果を先に確認。"]},"faqs":["tax-crypto"],"sources":["nta-listed-shares","shinjuku-resident-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","investment-taxes-in-japan"]},{"slug":"taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-foreign-tax-credit","nta-listed-shares"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"foreign-securities","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-foreign-tax-credit"],"value":{"en":"Foreign dividends and gains are taxable in Japan for residents; foreign withholding may be relieved via the foreign-tax credit","ja":"居住者の外国配当・譲渡益は日本で課税。外国での源泉税は外国税額控除で調整され得る"}}]},"title":{"en":"Taxes on foreign securities and brokerages","ja":"外国証券・海外証券口座の税金"},"summary":{"en":"Foreign dividends, gains, currency, foreign withholding, and the foreign-tax credit.","ja":"外国配当・譲渡益・為替・外国源泉税・外国税額控除。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A Japanese resident’s dividends and gains from foreign securities are taxable in Japan (a foreign broker usually does no Japanese withholding), you translate amounts to yen, and foreign tax withheld abroad may be relieved through the foreign-tax credit — with its own limits and documentation.","ja":"日本の居住者が外国証券から得る配当・譲渡益は日本で課税されます（海外証券は通常、日本の源泉徴収をしません）。金額は円換算し、海外で源泉徴収された外国税は外国税額控除で調整され得ます（限度と書類要件あり）。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Foreign dividends and gains are taxable in Japan for residents.","A foreign broker usually does not withhold Japanese tax — you file.","Translate amounts to yen using the appropriate rate.","Foreign withholding may be relieved via the foreign-tax credit."],"ja":["居住者の外国配当・譲渡益は日本で課税。","海外証券は通常日本の源泉徴収をしない。自分で申告。","金額は適切な為替で円換算。","外国源泉税は外国税額控除で調整され得る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"report","heading":{"en":"Reporting foreign holdings","ja":"外国資産の申告"},"body":{"en":["If you are a Japanese resident, dividends and capital gains from a foreign brokerage are taxable in Japan even though the foreign broker runs no Japanese withholding. You compute the income yourself from annual statements, translating each amount to yen at the appropriate rate. Keep the foreign statements and CSVs; a general-account-style manual calculation is common for foreign brokers."],"ja":["日本の居住者なら、海外証券の配当・譲渡益は、海外証券が日本の源泉徴収をしなくても日本で課税されます。年間明細から自分で所得を計算し、各金額を適切な為替で円換算します。海外の明細やCSVを保管します。海外証券は一般口座のような手計算が一般的です。"]}},{"id":"ftc","heading":{"en":"Foreign withholding and credits","ja":"外国源泉税と控除"},"body":{"en":["Foreign countries often withhold on dividends. Japan can grant a foreign-tax credit for qualifying foreign income taxes, limited by Japanese ceilings and requiring documentation of the country, income category, tax, payment, and exchange rate. The credit is not necessarily the whole foreign tax, and treaties can reduce the foreign withholding rate — worth reviewing with a professional if amounts are significant."],"ja":["外国はしばしば配当に源泉税を課します。日本は対象の外国所得税について、日本側の限度内で、国・所得区分・税額・納付・為替の資料を添えて外国税額控除を認め得ます。控除は必ずしも外国税の全額ではなく、条約が外国源泉税率を下げることもあります。金額が大きい場合は専門家に相談する価値があります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents with overseas brokerage accounts","People with foreign dividends"],"ja":["海外証券口座を持つ居住者","外国配当がある方"]},"notFor":{"en":["US-specific PFIC issues (see the US guides)"],"ja":["米国のPFIC論点（米国向けガイドへ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Foreign-asset reporting statements may also apply; significant holdings warrant professional review."],"ja":["国外財産の報告義務が及ぶことも。相当額なら専門家の確認を。"]},"faqs":["tax-crypto"],"sources":["nta-foreign-tax-credit","nta-listed-shares"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","investment-taxes-in-japan","taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan"]},{"slug":"pension-income-tax","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-pension-income"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"pension-nonfiling","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-pension-income"],"value":{"en":"A resident with ≤¥4M of qualifying public-pension receipts and ≤¥200,000 of other income may be exempt from a national return","ja":"公的年金等の収入が400万円以下かつ他の所得が20万円以下の居住者は、確定申告不要の場合がある"}}]},"title":{"en":"Pension income tax","ja":"年金の税金"},"summary":{"en":"Public and foreign pensions, the statutory deduction, withholding, and the filing exception.","ja":"公的年金・外国年金・公的年金等控除・源泉徴収・申告不要の特例。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Public pensions are miscellaneous income after a statutory public-pension deduction; a resident with no more than ¥4M of qualifying public-pension receipts and ¥200,000 of other income may skip a national return, but foreign pensions without Japanese withholding can remove that exception.","ja":"公的年金は公的年金等控除後の雑所得です。公的年金等の収入が400万円以下かつ他の所得が20万円以下の居住者は確定申告不要にできますが、日本の源泉徴収がない外国年金があるとこの特例を使えないことがあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Public pensions are miscellaneous income after the public-pension deduction.","Filing exception: ≤¥4M public pension + ≤¥200,000 other income.","Foreign pensions without Japanese withholding can block the exception.","You may still file to claim deductions or a resident-tax declaration."],"ja":["公的年金は公的年金等控除後の雑所得。","申告不要特例：公的年金400万円以下＋他の所得20万円以下。","日本の源泉徴収がない外国年金は特例を使えなくすることも。","控除申請や住民税申告のため申告することも。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how","heading":{"en":"How pensions are taxed","ja":"年金の課税"},"body":{"en":["Public pensions (Japanese and, for residents, foreign) are miscellaneous income after a statutory public-pension deduction that varies with age and pension amount. Japanese public pensions are typically subject to withholding. A resident with no more than ¥4M of qualifying public-pension receipts and no more than ¥200,000 of other income may be exempt from filing a national return."],"ja":["公的年金（日本の年金、居住者は外国年金も）は、年齢や年金額で変わる公的年金等控除後の雑所得です。日本の公的年金は通常源泉徴収されます。公的年金等の収入が400万円以下かつ他の所得が20万円以下の居住者は、確定申告不要とできる場合があります。"]}},{"id":"foreign","heading":{"en":"Foreign pensions and filing","ja":"外国年金と申告"},"body":{"en":["A foreign pension not subject to Japanese withholding can prevent use of the pension non-filing rule, so recipients of overseas pensions often must file. Even when the exception applies, you may choose to file to claim medical or other deductions, and a resident-tax declaration may still be required. Keep pension statements and any foreign-tax records."],"ja":["日本の源泉徴収の対象でない外国年金があると年金の申告不要ルールを使えないことがあり、外国年金の受給者は申告が必要になりがちです。特例が使える場合でも、医療費控除などのため申告を選べ、住民税申告が必要なこともあります。年金の明細や外国税の記録を保管しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Pensioners in Japan","People receiving foreign pensions"],"ja":["日本で年金を受ける方","外国年金を受ける方"]},"notFor":{"en":["iDeCo/DC payout taxation (see retirement)"],"ja":["iDeCo/DCの受取課税（退職所得へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["A foreign pension can remove the ¥4M filing exception — check before assuming you need not file."],"ja":["外国年金があると400万円の申告不要特例が使えないことも。申告不要と決める前に確認を。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-pension-income"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["retirement-income-tax","taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax"]},{"slug":"retirement-income-tax","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-retirement-income"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"retirement-half","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-retirement-income"],"value":{"en":"Retirement income = (payment − retirement-income deduction) × 1/2, with the deduction based on years of service","ja":"退職所得＝（退職金−退職所得控除）×1/2。控除は勤続年数に基づく"}}]},"title":{"en":"Retirement income tax","ja":"退職所得の税金"},"summary":{"en":"The retirement deduction, one-half treatment, service years, and the withholding declaration.","ja":"退職所得控除・1/2課税・勤続年数・受給申告書。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Retirement income is taxed favorably: subtract the retirement-income deduction (¥400,000 per service year, more after 20 years) from the payment and tax one-half of the rest — separately from your other income — provided you file the retirement-income declaration.","ja":"退職所得は優遇されます。退職金から退職所得控除（勤続1年40万円、20年超は増額）を引き、その1/2に、他の所得と分離して課税します。退職所得の受給申告書を出すことが前提です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Deduction: ¥400,000/service year (¥800,000 min ≤20 years).","Above 20 years: ¥8M + ¥700,000/extra year.","Only one-half of the excess is taxed; it is separate from other income.","File the retirement-income declaration or 20.42% is withheld."],"ja":["控除：勤続1年40万円（20年まで最低80万円）。","20年超：800万円＋1年70万円。","超過額の1/2のみ課税、他の所得と分離。","受給申告書を出さないと20.42%源泉徴収。"]},"sections":[{"id":"calc","heading":{"en":"The calculation","ja":"計算"},"body":{"en":["Compute the retirement-income deduction from years of service: ¥400,000 per year (minimum ¥800,000 for 20 years or less), then ¥8,000,000 plus ¥700,000 per year above 20. Subtract it from the retirement payment and take one-half. For 25 years and a ¥15,000,000 allowance: deduction ¥11,500,000, so (¥15,000,000 − ¥11,500,000) × 1/2 = ¥1,750,000 of retirement income, taxed separately."],"ja":["勤続年数から退職所得控除を計算します。1年40万円（20年以下は最低80万円）、20年超は800万円＋1年70万円。退職金から控除を引き1/2にします。勤続25年・退職金1,500万円なら、控除1,150万円で（1,500万円−1,150万円）×1/2＝175万円が退職所得で、分離課税されます。"]}},{"id":"rules","heading":{"en":"Declaration and special rules","ja":"申告書と特別ルール"},"body":{"en":["File the retirement-income declaration with the payer so the correct favorable amount is withheld; otherwise 20.42% is withheld and you file to reconcile. Short-service and short-service-director payments have rules that reduce the one-half benefit, and multiple retirement payments (including DC/iDeCo lump sums) interact through the service-year rules."],"ja":["退職所得の受給申告書を支払者に提出すれば正しい優遇額が源泉徴収され、出さないと20.42%が源泉徴収され精算のため申告します。短期勤続や短期の役員退職金には1/2優遇を縮小するルールがあり、複数の退職金（DC/iDeCoの一時金を含む）は勤続年数のルールで相互作用します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People receiving a retirement payout","DC/iDeCo lump-sum recipients"],"ja":["退職金を受け取る方","DC/iDeCo一時金の受給者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Ordinary salary or pension income"],"ja":["通常の給与・年金所得"]},"warnings":{"en":["Multiple retirement payments interact on the deduction; model the timing (see iDeCo timing)."],"ja":["複数の退職金は控除で相互作用。受取時期を試算（iDeCoの時期へ）。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-retirement-income"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing","pension-income-tax"]},{"slug":"ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-retirement-income","ideco-official"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"overlap-service","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-retirement-income"],"value":{"en":"An iDeCo lump sum and a company retirement allowance can overlap on the retirement-income deduction through the service-year rules; payout sequencing matters","ja":"iDeCo一時金と会社退職金は、勤続年数のルールで退職所得控除が重複し得る。受取順序が重要"}}]},"title":{"en":"iDeCo and retirement-allowance timing","ja":"iDeCoと退職金の受取時期"},"summary":{"en":"Overlapping service periods, lump-sum treatment, and payout sequencing.","ja":"勤続期間の重複・一時金の扱い・受取順序。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Taking an iDeCo lump sum and a company retirement allowance both use the retirement-income deduction, and their service periods can overlap — so receiving them in the wrong order or too close together can waste the deduction; the timing should be modeled.","ja":"iDeCoの一時金と会社の退職金はどちらも退職所得控除を使い、勤続期間が重複し得ます。受取の順序や間隔を誤ると控除を無駄にしかねないため、時期を試算すべきです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Both an iDeCo lump sum and a retirement allowance use the retirement-income deduction.","Their service/contribution periods can overlap, limiting the combined deduction.","Payout order and the gap between them affect the result.","Model the sequencing before you elect a payout method."],"ja":["iDeCo一時金と退職金はどちらも退職所得控除を使う。","勤続/加入期間が重複し、合算控除が制限され得る。","受取順序と間隔が結果に影響。","受取方法を選ぶ前に順序を試算する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"overlap","heading":{"en":"Why timing matters","ja":"時期が重要な理由"},"body":{"en":["The retirement-income deduction is based on years of service (or iDeCo contribution years). When you receive two lump sums — a company retirement allowance and an iDeCo payout — the rules can treat their periods as overlapping, so you do not simply add two full deductions. Receiving them in a particular order, or with enough years between them, can preserve more deduction."],"ja":["退職所得控除は勤続年数（またはiDeCoの加入年数）に基づきます。会社の退職金とiDeCoの一時金という2つの一時金を受け取ると、ルールにより期間が重複扱いとなり、2つの控除を単純に足せないことがあります。受取順序や、両者の間に十分な年数を空けることで、控除をより多く残せることがあります。"]}},{"id":"model","heading":{"en":"Model it first","ja":"まず試算"},"body":{"en":["The interaction is intricate and depends on your service years, contribution years, and the amounts involved, plus whether you take iDeCo as a lump sum or as a pension. Before you fix a retirement date or elect a payout method, model the alternatives — this is a common area to consult a professional so a favorable deduction is not accidentally lost."],"ja":["相互作用は複雑で、勤続年数・加入年数・金額、そしてiDeCoを一時金と年金のどちらで受け取るかによります。退職日や受取方法を確定する前に、複数案を試算しましょう。優遇控除をうっかり失わないよう、専門家に相談すべき典型的な場面です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People near retirement with iDeCo and a pension","DC-plan members planning payout"],"ja":["iDeCoと退職金がある退職間近の方","受取を計画するDC加入者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People with only one retirement payment"],"ja":["退職金が1つだけの方"]},"warnings":{"en":["Wrong sequencing can waste the retirement-income deduction — model before you commit."],"ja":["順序を誤ると退職所得控除を無駄にします。確定前に試算を。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-retirement-income","ideco-official"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["retirement-income-tax","ideco-tax-deduction","self-employed-retirement-savings-japan"]},{"slug":"rental-income-tax-for-landlords","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-real-estate-income"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"rental-income-scope","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-real-estate-income"],"value":{"en":"Rental income includes rent, nonrefundable deposits, and renewal fees; deductible expenses include fixed-asset tax, insurance, depreciation, repairs, and interest, but not loan principal","ja":"不動産所得は家賃・返還不要の敷金・更新料を含む。経費は固定資産税・保険・減価償却・修繕・利息など、元本返済は不可"}}]},"title":{"en":"Rental income tax for landlords","ja":"大家の不動産所得の税金"},"summary":{"en":"Rent, fees, deposits, expenses, depreciation, interest, vacancy, and blue returns.","ja":"家賃・各種料金・敷金・経費・減価償却・利息・空室・青色申告。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Rental income is rent plus nonrefundable deposits and renewal fees, minus necessary expenses like fixed-asset tax, insurance, depreciation, repairs, and the rental portion of loan interest — loan principal is never deductible, and a blue return can add a special deduction.","ja":"不動産所得は、家賃＋返還不要の敷金・更新料から、固定資産税・保険・減価償却・修繕・ローン利息の賃貸対応分などの必要経費を引いた額です。ローン元本は経費にできず、青色申告で特別控除を加えられます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Income includes rent, nonrefundable deposits, and renewal fees.","Deductible: fixed-asset tax, insurance, depreciation, repairs, interest.","Loan principal is never deductible; interest may be.","Example: ¥2.4M income − ¥1.5M expenses = ¥900,000 rental income."],"ja":["収入は家賃・返還不要の敷金・更新料を含む。","経費：固定資産税・保険・減価償却・修繕・利息。","元本返済は経費不可、利息は可の場合あり。","例：収入240万円−経費150万円＝不動産所得90万円。"]},"sections":[{"id":"income","heading":{"en":"What counts as income","ja":"収入に含まれるもの"},"body":{"en":["Rental income includes rents, nonrefundable deposits (e.g., key money), renewal fees, and tenant reimbursements. A refundable security deposit is not income until it becomes nonrefundable. Necessary expenses commonly include fixed-asset tax, property insurance, depreciation, and repairs. As a worked example: ¥2.4M of rent and nonrefundable fees minus ¥1.5M of expenses is ¥900,000 of rental income."],"ja":["不動産所得の収入は、家賃・返還不要の敷金（礼金など）・更新料・入居者からの精算金を含みます。返還する敷金は、返還不要になるまで収入ではありません。必要経費は固定資産税・火災保険・減価償却・修繕などが一般的です。例：家賃・返還不要の料金240万円−経費150万円＝不動産所得90万円。"]}},{"id":"interest","heading":{"en":"Interest, principal, and blue returns","ja":"利息・元本・青色申告"},"body":{"en":["Qualifying loan interest is deductible but loan principal repayment is not — a frequent mistake. Capital improvements are depreciated rather than expensed. If your rental rises to the level of a business, a blue return can add a special deduction and family-employee salaries. Keep the purchase contract, land/building allocation, loan statements, and a depreciation schedule."],"ja":["対象のローン利息は経費ですが、元本返済は経費にできません（よくある誤り）。資本的支出は経費ではなく減価償却します。賃貸が事業的規模に達すれば、青色申告で特別控除や専従者給与を加えられます。購入契約・土地建物の按分・ローン明細・減価償却の予定表を保管しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residential and commercial landlords","New property investors"],"ja":["住宅・事業用の大家","新規の不動産投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["Property sales (separate capital gain)"],"ja":["不動産の売却（別の譲渡所得）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Loan principal is not deductible — only qualifying interest is."],"ja":["ローン元本は経費不可。対象の利息のみです。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-real-estate-income"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["deductible-rental-property-expenses","rental-property-depreciation","taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan"]},{"slug":"deductible-rental-property-expenses","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-real-estate-income"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"rental-expense-list","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-real-estate-income"],"value":{"en":"Deductible rental expenses include management, repairs, insurance, fixed-asset tax, interest, and utilities; loan principal and personal-use portions are not","ja":"不動産の経費は管理費・修繕・保険・固定資産税・利息・光熱費など。元本返済や私用部分は不可"}}]},"title":{"en":"Deductible rental property expenses","ja":"不動産の経費（賃貸）"},"summary":{"en":"Management, repairs, insurance, fixed-asset tax, interest, utilities, and personal-use allocation.","ja":"管理費・修繕・保険・固定資産税・利息・光熱費・私用按分。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"You can deduct current expenses like management fees, routine repairs, insurance, fixed-asset tax, loan interest, and landlord-paid utilities — but not loan principal, capital improvements (depreciated instead), or the personal-use portion of a mixed property.","ja":"管理費・通常の修繕・保険・固定資産税・ローン利息・大家負担の光熱費などの当期費用は経費にできますが、ローン元本、資本的支出（減価償却）、混在物件の私用部分は経費にできません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Current expenses: management, repairs, insurance, fixed-asset tax, interest, utilities.","Not deductible: loan principal, capital improvements (depreciate), personal use.","Separate current expenses from balance-sheet/capital items.","Keep professional fees and advertising receipts too."],"ja":["当期費用：管理費・修繕・保険・固定資産税・利息・光熱費。","経費不可：元本・資本的支出（減価償却）・私用部分。","当期費用と資産/資本項目を分ける。","専門家報酬・広告費の領収書も保管。"]},"sections":[{"id":"current","heading":{"en":"Current expenses","ja":"当期費用"},"body":{"en":["Deductible current expenses commonly include management fees, advertising, routine repairs, property insurance, fixed-asset tax, loan interest, landlord-paid utilities, and professional fees. Keep a separate schedule per property. These reduce your rental income directly in the year paid."],"ja":["経費にできる当期費用は、管理費・広告費・通常の修繕・火災保険・固定資産税・ローン利息・大家負担の光熱費・専門家報酬などです。物件ごとに別の集計を付けます。これらは支払った年の不動産所得を直接減らします。"]}},{"id":"not","heading":{"en":"What is not a current expense","ja":"当期費用でないもの"},"body":{"en":["Separate out balance-sheet and capital items: the building and land purchase price (land is not depreciated), major improvements (depreciated), loan principal, security deposits repayable to tenants, acquisition transaction costs requiring capitalization, and any personal-use portion. Mixing these into current expenses overstates your deduction and is a common audit adjustment."],"ja":["資産・資本項目は分けます。建物・土地の購入価格（土地は非償却）、大規模改良（減価償却）、ローン元本、入居者に返す敷金、資本化が必要な取得費用、私用部分です。これらを当期費用に混ぜると経費を過大計上し、調査でよく是正されます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Landlords preparing a return","People organizing rental records"],"ja":["申告準備をする大家","賃貸の記録を整理する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Owner-occupied home costs"],"ja":["自己居住の住宅費用"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not deduct loan principal or capital improvements as current expenses."],"ja":["ローン元本や資本的支出を当期費用にしないこと。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-real-estate-income"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["rental-income-tax-for-landlords","rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements","rental-property-depreciation"]},{"slug":"rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-real-estate-income","nta-depreciation"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"repair-vs-capital","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-depreciation"],"value":{"en":"A repair restoring the original condition is a current expense; work that extends useful life or increases value is capitalized and depreciated","ja":"原状回復の修繕は当期費用、耐用年数を延ばす・価値を高める工事は資本的支出として減価償却"}}]},"title":{"en":"Rental repairs vs capital improvements","ja":"修繕費と資本的支出"},"summary":{"en":"Current expense vs capitalization, useful-life extension, and records.","ja":"当期費用と資本化・耐用年数の延長・記録。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Work that merely restores a property to its original condition is a deductible repair; work that extends its useful life or increases its value is a capital improvement that must be depreciated rather than expensed — and borderline cases have specific tests.","ja":"原状回復にとどまる工事は経費になる修繕費、耐用年数を延ばす・価値を高める工事は経費ではなく減価償却する資本的支出です。判定が微妙な場合には具体的な基準があります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Repair (restore original condition) → current expense.","Improvement (extend life or add value) → capitalize and depreciate.","Large or structural work is more likely to be capital.","Keep invoices describing the work, not just the amount."],"ja":["修繕（原状回復）→ 当期費用。","改良（耐用年数延長・価値増）→ 資本化し減価償却。","大規模・構造的な工事は資本的支出になりやすい。","金額だけでなく工事内容の分かる請求書を保管。"]},"sections":[{"id":"test","heading":{"en":"Drawing the line","ja":"線引き"},"body":{"en":["A repair returns the property to its prior state — fixing a leak, repapering, replacing a broken fixture with an equivalent — and is deductible now. A capital improvement extends useful life or raises value — an upgrade, an extension, a substantially better replacement — and is depreciated over time. Cost and scope matter: large or structural work leans capital."],"ja":["修繕は物件を元の状態に戻すもの（雨漏り修理・張替え・同等品への交換）で、当期に経費化できます。資本的支出は耐用年数を延ばす・価値を高めるもの（グレードアップ・増築・大幅に優れた交換）で、期間にわたり減価償却します。金額と範囲が重要で、大規模・構造的な工事は資本寄りです。"]}},{"id":"records","heading":{"en":"Uncertain cases","ja":"不確かな場合"},"body":{"en":["There are formal tests for borderline work (small amounts and periodic maintenance can be treated as repairs), and misclassifying a big improvement as a repair overstates the current deduction. Keep invoices that describe what was done, not just totals, and get advice on large projects so the split between expense and depreciation is defensible."],"ja":["判定が微妙な工事には形式基準があり（少額や周期的な維持は修繕扱いにできる）、大きな改良を修繕と誤ると当期経費を過大にします。金額だけでなく工事内容を記した請求書を保管し、大規模工事は経費と減価償却の按分が説明できるよう助言を受けましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Landlords doing renovations","Anyone splitting repair vs improvement"],"ja":["改修する大家","修繕と改良を按分する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Owner-occupier renovations"],"ja":["自己居住の改修"]},"warnings":{"en":["Classifying a capital improvement as a repair overstates your deduction — a common audit issue."],"ja":["資本的支出を修繕費にすると経費過大に。調査でよくある論点です。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-real-estate-income","nta-depreciation"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["deductible-rental-property-expenses","rental-property-depreciation","rental-income-tax-for-landlords"]},{"slug":"rental-property-depreciation","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-depreciation","nta-real-estate-income"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"land-not-depreciated","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-depreciation"],"value":{"en":"The building is depreciated over its useful life; land is not depreciated, so the purchase price must be split between land and building","ja":"建物は耐用年数で減価償却、土地は非償却のため、購入価格を土地と建物に按分する必要がある"}}]},"title":{"en":"Rental property depreciation","ja":"不動産の減価償却"},"summary":{"en":"Land vs building, component allocation, useful lives, and missing documents.","ja":"土地と建物・按分・耐用年数・資料不足。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"You depreciate the building (and certain components) over statutory useful lives but never the land, so you must split the purchase price between land and building — and reconstructing that split for an old property with missing documents needs care or a professional.","ja":"建物（および一定の設備）は法定耐用年数で減価償却しますが、土地は償却しません。したがって購入価格を土地と建物に按分する必要があり、資料の乏しい古い物件でこの按分を再構成するには注意か専門家が必要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Depreciate the building; never depreciate land.","Split the purchase price between land and building.","Useful life depends on structure (e.g., wood vs reinforced concrete).","Missing purchase documents make basis reconstruction hard."],"ja":["建物は減価償却、土地は非償却。","購入価格を土地と建物に按分。","耐用年数は構造次第（木造・RCなど）。","購入資料がないと取得費の再構成が難しい。"]},"sections":[{"id":"split","heading":{"en":"Splitting land and building","ja":"土地と建物の按分"},"body":{"en":["Because land is not depreciated, only the building portion of your purchase generates depreciation. Split the price using the contract, the assessed values, or another reasonable method, then depreciate the building over the useful life for its structure. Fixtures and equipment can have their own, shorter lives."],"ja":["土地は非償却のため、購入のうち建物部分だけが減価償却を生みます。契約書・固定資産税評価額・その他合理的な方法で価格を按分し、建物を構造ごとの耐用年数で償却します。設備は独自の（より短い）耐用年数を持つことがあります。"]}},{"id":"missing","heading":{"en":"Old properties and records","ja":"古い物件と記録"},"body":{"en":["For a used building, you also account for prior depreciation, and for a very old property with a missing purchase contract or no land/building allocation, reconstructing the basis is difficult and error-prone. This is a common point to involve a professional, because an incorrect basis flows through to both annual depreciation and the eventual sale calculation."],"ja":["中古建物では過年度の償却も考慮し、購入契約がない・土地建物の按分がない非常に古い物件では、取得費の再構成が難しく誤りが生じやすくなります。誤った取得費は毎年の償却と将来の売却計算の双方に影響するため、専門家に相談すべき典型的な場面です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Landlords computing depreciation","Buyers of used property"],"ja":["減価償却を計算する大家","中古物件の購入者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Land-only holdings (no depreciation)"],"ja":["土地のみの保有（償却なし）"]},"warnings":{"en":["An incorrect land/building split distorts both annual depreciation and the future sale gain."],"ja":["土地建物の按分の誤りは、毎年の償却と将来の売却益の双方を歪めます。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-depreciation","nta-real-estate-income"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["rental-income-tax-for-landlords","taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","equipment-and-depreciation"]},{"slug":"taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national-and-municipal","authorityIds":["tokyo-acquisition-tax","nta-registration-tax","nta-stamp-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"buy-taxes","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-registration-tax"],"value":{"en":"Buying property can trigger real-estate acquisition tax, registration and license tax, stamp tax, and consumption tax on the building; land is treated differently","ja":"購入時は不動産取得税・登録免許税・印紙税・建物の消費税が生じ得る。土地は扱いが異なる"}}]},"title":{"en":"Taxes when buying property in Japan","ja":"不動産購入時の税金"},"summary":{"en":"Acquisition tax, registration tax, stamp tax, building consumption tax, and annual taxes.","ja":"不動産取得税・登録免許税・印紙税・建物の消費税・毎年の税。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Buying property can trigger real-estate acquisition tax (prefectural), registration and license tax on the title and mortgage, stamp tax on paper contracts, and consumption tax on the taxable building component — then annual fixed-asset and city-planning taxes once you own it.","ja":"不動産購入では、不動産取得税（都道府県）、所有権移転・抵当権の登録免許税、紙の契約書の印紙税、課税対象の建物部分の消費税が生じ得え、取得後は毎年の固定資産税・都市計画税がかかります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Real-estate acquisition tax (prefectural) on acquiring property.","Registration and license tax on the title transfer and any mortgage.","Stamp tax on paper purchase and loan contracts.","Consumption tax on the building component; land is treated differently."],"ja":["取得時の不動産取得税（都道府県）。","所有権移転・抵当権設定の登録免許税。","紙の売買・ローン契約の印紙税。","建物部分の消費税。土地は扱いが異なる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"onetime","heading":{"en":"One-time purchase taxes","ja":"購入時の一時的な税"},"body":{"en":["At purchase you may face real-estate acquisition tax assessed by the prefecture, registration and license tax on registering the title and any mortgage (statutory rates on assessed values, with temporary reductions), stamp tax on paper contracts, and consumption tax on the taxable building portion — land itself is treated differently for consumption tax. Owner-occupied housing often qualifies for reliefs."],"ja":["購入時は、都道府県が課す不動産取得税、所有権や抵当権の登記にかかる登録免許税（評価額に法定税率、臨時軽減あり）、紙の契約書の印紙税、課税対象の建物部分の消費税が生じ得ます。土地は消費税で扱いが異なります。自己居住用住宅は軽減の対象になることが多いです。"]}},{"id":"ongoing","heading":{"en":"Then the annual taxes","ja":"その後の毎年の税"},"body":{"en":["Once you own the property, the municipality bills fixed-asset tax and, in urbanization areas, city-planning tax each year, based on the January-1 owner and assessed value. Because acquisition, registration, and stamp reliefs are temporary and date-sensitive, confirm the current rate for your transaction date and check owner-occupier reductions."],"ja":["取得後は、1月1日の所有者と評価額に基づき、市区町村が固定資産税を、市街化区域では都市計画税を毎年課します。取得・登録・印紙の軽減は臨時で期日次第のため、取引日の当年税率を確認し、自己居住の軽減も確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Home and investment-property buyers","People budgeting closing costs"],"ja":["住宅・投資物件の購入者","諸費用を見込む方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Exact municipal assessments"],"ja":["自治体ごとの正確な評価"]},"warnings":{"en":["Acquisition/registration/stamp reliefs are temporary — verify the rate for your transaction date."],"ja":["取得・登録・印紙の軽減は臨時。取引日の税率を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["tokyo-acquisition-tax","nta-registration-tax","nta-stamp-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes","property-taxes-in-japan"]},{"slug":"taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-property-sale"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"sale-holding-period","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-property-sale"],"value":{"en":"Property sale gains use separate capital-gain taxation with short- vs long-term holding-period rates; basis reflects depreciation history","ja":"不動産の売却益は分離課税で、短期・長期の保有期間により税率が異なる。取得費は減価償却の履歴を反映"}}]},"title":{"en":"Taxes when selling property in Japan","ja":"不動産売却時の税金"},"summary":{"en":"Separate capital gains, holding periods, basis, depreciation, and owner-occupier relief.","ja":"分離課税の譲渡所得・保有期間・取得費・減価償却・居住用特例。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Selling property is a separate capital-gain transaction (not rental income): the gain is sale price minus basis and selling costs, taxed at short- or long-term rates by holding period, with the basis reduced by depreciation already taken — and owner-occupiers may get special relief.","ja":"不動産の売却は不動産所得ではなく別の譲渡所得です。譲渡益は売却価格−取得費−譲渡費用で、保有期間により短期・長期の税率が異なり、取得費は既に計上した減価償却で減額されます。居住用は特例が使えることがあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A sale is a separate capital gain, not rental income.","Gain = sale price − basis − selling expenses.","Short- vs long-term rates depend on the holding period.","Owner-occupiers may qualify for a special deduction/relief."],"ja":["売却は不動産所得ではなく別の譲渡所得。","譲渡益＝売却価格−取得費−譲渡費用。","短期・長期の税率は保有期間で決まる。","居住用は特別控除・特例の対象になり得る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"gain","heading":{"en":"Computing the gain","ja":"譲渡益の計算"},"body":{"en":["The gain is the sale price minus your basis (acquisition cost, allocated between land and building) minus selling expenses like brokerage. Importantly, the building basis is reduced by the depreciation you took (or should have taken) while renting, which can make the taxable gain larger than expected. Holding-period rules split gains into higher-rate short-term and lower-rate long-term."],"ja":["譲渡益は、売却価格から取得費（土地・建物に按分）と仲介手数料などの譲渡費用を引いた額です。重要な点として、建物の取得費は賃貸中に計上した（または計上すべきだった）減価償却分だけ減額され、課税譲渡益が想定より大きくなり得ます。保有期間により、高率の短期と低率の長期に分かれます。"]}},{"id":"relief","heading":{"en":"Owner-occupier relief","ja":"居住用の特例"},"body":{"en":["If you sold your own home, special measures — such as a substantial deduction for a principal residence — may reduce or eliminate the tax, subject to conditions. Gather the purchase contract, land/building allocation, acquisition costs, improvement and depreciation history, sale contract, brokerage fees, and evidence of residential use. Old properties with missing cost records often need a professional."],"ja":["自宅を売った場合は、居住用財産の特別控除など、条件を満たせば税を軽減・免除する特例があり得ます。購入契約・土地建物の按分・取得費用・改良と減価償却の履歴・売買契約・仲介手数料・居住の証拠を集めます。取得費の資料が乏しい古い物件は専門家が必要になりがちです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People selling a home or rental","Investors realizing a gain"],"ja":["自宅・賃貸を売る方","譲渡益を実現する投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["Ongoing rental income (separate)"],"ja":["継続的な賃貸収入（別）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Prior depreciation reduces your basis and increases the taxable gain — do not overlook it."],"ja":["過年度の減価償却は取得費を減らし譲渡益を増やします。見落とさないこと。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-property-sale"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","rental-property-depreciation","property-taxes-in-japan"]},{"slug":"fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-municipal","authorityIds":["tokyo-fixed-asset-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"fixed-asset-jan1","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["tokyo-fixed-asset-tax"],"value":{"en":"Fixed-asset and city-planning taxes are billed annually by the municipality based on the January-1 owner and assessed value","ja":"固定資産税・都市計画税は、1月1日の所有者と評価額に基づき市区町村が毎年課税"}}]},"title":{"en":"Fixed-asset and city-planning taxes","ja":"固定資産税・都市計画税"},"summary":{"en":"Assessment, annual liability, notices, payment schedules, and the ownership date.","ja":"評価・毎年の負担・通知・納付スケジュール・所有者の基準日。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Fixed-asset tax (and city-planning tax in urbanization areas) is an annual municipal tax on land, buildings, and depreciable assets, based on the January-1 owner and the assessed value — billed with payment slips, usually in several installments.","ja":"固定資産税（市街化区域では都市計画税も）は、土地・家屋・償却資産にかかる市区町村の毎年の税で、1月1日の所有者と評価額に基づき、通常は数回に分けた納付書で課されます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Annual municipal tax on land, buildings, and depreciable assets.","Based on the January-1 owner and the assessed value.","City-planning tax adds in urbanization-promotion areas.","Paid in installments on a municipal schedule."],"ja":["土地・家屋・償却資産にかかる市区町村の毎年の税。","1月1日の所有者と評価額に基づく。","市街化区域では都市計画税が加わる。","自治体のスケジュールで分割納付。"]},"sections":[{"id":"assess","heading":{"en":"Assessment and billing","ja":"評価と課税"},"body":{"en":["The municipality assesses your land and buildings and bills fixed-asset tax each year; in urbanization-promotion areas it adds city-planning tax. The person who owns the property on January 1 is liable for that year, regardless of a later sale, and the tax is paid in several installments per the local schedule. Residential land and new homes often receive reductions."],"ja":["市区町村は土地・家屋を評価し、毎年固定資産税を課します。市街化区域では都市計画税も加えます。1月1日時点の所有者がその年の納税義務者で、その後に売却しても変わらず、地元のスケジュールで数回に分けて納付します。住宅用地や新築住宅は軽減されることが多いです。"]}},{"id":"vary","heading":{"en":"Local variation","ja":"自治体差"},"body":{"en":["Assessed values are reviewed periodically, and rates, reductions, and payment dates vary by municipality. When you buy or sell, the parties often prorate the year’s tax between them by contract even though the January-1 owner is legally liable. Check your assessment notice and raise errors with the municipality."],"ja":["評価額は定期的に見直され、税率・軽減・納期は自治体で異なります。売買時は、法的には1月1日の所有者が納税義務者でも、契約で当事者間が年税を日割り精算するのが一般的です。評価通知を確認し、誤りは市区町村に申し出ましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Property owners","Buyers estimating carrying costs"],"ja":["不動産所有者","保有コストを見積もる購入者"]},"notFor":{"en":["National tax questions"],"ja":["国税の質問"]},"warnings":{"en":["The January-1 owner is legally liable even if the property is sold that year; proration is by contract."],"ja":["その年に売却しても1月1日の所有者が納税義務者。日割りは契約によります。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["tokyo-fixed-asset-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","property-taxes-in-japan","types-of-taxes-in-japan"]},{"slug":"mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-mortgage-credit","nta-real-estate-income"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"interest-vs-credit","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-mortgage-credit"],"value":{"en":"Owner-occupier mortgages use the housing-loan tax credit; rental-property interest is a deductible expense — and principal is never deductible in either case","ja":"自己居住は住宅ローン控除、賃貸物件の利息は経費。いずれも元本は控除不可"}}]},"title":{"en":"Mortgage interest vs mortgage tax credit","ja":"ローン利息と住宅ローン控除"},"summary":{"en":"Rental interest deduction vs owner-occupier tax credit, principal, and mixed-use property.","ja":"賃貸の利息経費と自己居住の税額控除・元本・併用物件。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"For an owner-occupied home you use the housing-loan tax credit (a credit against tax); for a rental property you deduct the loan interest as an expense — but loan principal is never deductible in either case, and a mixed-use property must be split.","ja":"自己居住の住宅は住宅ローン控除（税額控除）を使い、賃貸物件はローン利息を経費として差し引きます。ただしいずれも元本は控除できず、併用物件は按分が必要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Owner-occupied home → housing-loan tax credit (reduces tax).","Rental property → loan interest is a deductible expense.","Loan principal is never deductible in either case.","A mixed-use (part-home, part-rental) property must be allocated."],"ja":["自己居住 → 住宅ローン控除（税額を減らす）。","賃貸物件 → ローン利息は経費。","いずれも元本は控除不可。","併用（自宅＋賃貸）物件は按分が必要。"]},"sections":[{"id":"two","heading":{"en":"Two different mechanisms","ja":"2つの異なる仕組み"},"body":{"en":["These are not the same thing. The housing-loan tax credit is a credit that reduces your income tax by a percentage of the year-end loan balance on a qualifying owner-occupied home. Rental-property interest, by contrast, is an ordinary business/real-estate expense that reduces rental income. You cannot use the owner-occupier credit on a purely rented property."],"ja":["両者は別物です。住宅ローン控除は、要件を満たす自己居住住宅の年末ローン残高の一定割合だけ所得税を減らす税額控除です。一方、賃貸物件の利息は不動産所得を減らす通常の経費です。純粋な賃貸物件に自己居住用の控除は使えません。"]}},{"id":"principal","heading":{"en":"Principal and mixed use","ja":"元本と併用"},"body":{"en":["In both cases, loan principal repayment is never deductible — only interest (for rentals) or the credit (for owner-occupied). If a property is partly your home and partly rented, allocate the interest and the credit to the correct portions. Getting the split right matters for both your rental expense and your credit eligibility."],"ja":["いずれの場合も、ローン元本の返済は控除できません。控除できるのは利息（賃貸）または控除（自己居住）だけです。物件の一部が自宅で一部が賃貸なら、利息と控除を正しい部分に按分します。按分の正確さは、賃貸経費と控除の適用の双方に影響します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Owner-occupiers with a mortgage","Landlords with financed property"],"ja":["ローンのある自己居住者","ローンで購入した大家"]},"notFor":{"en":["Cash buyers"],"ja":["現金購入者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Principal is never deductible; do not confuse the owner-occupier credit with a rental expense."],"ja":["元本は控除不可。自己居住の控除と賃貸経費を混同しないこと。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-mortgage-credit","nta-real-estate-income"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan","rental-income-tax-for-landlords","property-taxes-in-japan"]},{"slug":"nonresident-landlord-taxes","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-nonresident","nta-real-estate-income"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"nonresident-rent-withholding","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-nonresident"],"value":{"en":"Japanese rental income of a nonresident is taxable in Japan and can be subject to tenant withholding; a tax representative is often needed","ja":"非居住者の日本の不動産所得は日本で課税され、借主による源泉徴収の対象になり得る。納税管理人が必要になることが多い"}}]},"title":{"en":"Nonresident landlord taxes","ja":"非居住者の大家の税金"},"summary":{"en":"Japanese rental income, withholding, a tax representative, expenses, and the sale.","ja":"日本の不動産所得・源泉徴収・納税管理人・経費・売却。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A nonresident who rents out Japanese property is taxable in Japan on that rental income; certain tenants must withhold tax on the rent, you deduct the usual expenses on a filed return, and you generally need a Japanese tax representative to handle filings and notices.","ja":"日本の不動産を貸す非居住者は、その不動産所得について日本で課税されます。一定の借主は家賃から源泉徴収する必要があり、通常の経費は確定申告で差し引き、申告や通知の対応のため原則、納税管理人が必要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Nonresident Japanese rental income is taxable in Japan.","Certain tenants must withhold tax on rent paid to a nonresident.","You file a return and deduct the usual rental expenses.","Appoint a Japanese tax representative (納税管理人)."],"ja":["非居住者の日本の不動産所得は日本で課税。","一定の借主は非居住者への家賃から源泉徴収が必要。","確定申告し、通常の不動産経費を差し引く。","納税管理人を選任する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"withholding","heading":{"en":"Rent withholding and filing","ja":"家賃の源泉徴収と申告"},"body":{"en":["If you live abroad and rent out Japanese property, the rental income is Japan-source and taxable here. When the tenant is a corporation or an individual renting for business, they generally must withhold tax on the rent and remit it, which you then reconcile on a return. Residential tenants renting for their own home are usually an exception to the withholding requirement."],"ja":["海外に住み日本の不動産を貸す場合、その不動産所得は日本源泉で日本で課税されます。借主が法人、または事業のために借りる個人の場合、原則、家賃から源泉徴収し納付する必要があり、これを申告で精算します。自分の住居として借りる個人の借主は、通常、源泉徴収の例外です。"]}},{"id":"representative","heading":{"en":"Tax representative and sale","ja":"納税管理人と売却"},"body":{"en":["Because you are abroad, appoint a Japanese tax representative (納税管理人) to file, receive notices, and pay on your behalf. You still deduct the ordinary rental expenses and depreciation. When you eventually sell, a nonresident sale can also involve withholding by the buyer, and treaty provisions may apply — plan the sale with a professional."],"ja":["海外にいるため、申告・通知の受領・納付を代行する納税管理人を選任します。通常の不動産経費や減価償却は引き続き差し引けます。将来売却する際は、非居住者の売却で買主による源泉徴収が生じることがあり、条約の適用もあり得ます。売却は専門家と計画しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Owners abroad renting Japanese property","People moving away but keeping property"],"ja":["海外から日本の不動産を貸す方","出国後も物件を保有する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Resident landlords"],"ja":["居住者の大家"]},"warnings":{"en":["Tenant withholding and a tax representative are often required; confirm before renting from abroad."],"ja":["借主の源泉徴収と納税管理人が必要になることが多いです。海外から貸す前に確認を。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-status"],"sources":["nta-nonresident","nta-real-estate-income"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["rental-income-tax-for-landlords","tax-representative-guide","leaving-japan-tax-checklist"]},{"slug":"worldwide-vs-japan-source-income","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-nonresident"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"source-of-income","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-nonresident"],"value":{"en":"Work physically performed in Japan is Japan-source even when paid abroad; permanent residents are taxed on worldwide income","ja":"日本で行った労働は海外で支払われても日本源泉。永住者は全世界所得に課税"}}]},"title":{"en":"Worldwide income vs Japan-source income","ja":"全世界所得と日本源泉所得"},"summary":{"en":"Employment, services, rent, investments, businesses, pensions, and payments made overseas.","ja":"給与・役務・家賃・投資・事業・年金と、海外での支払い。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"What Japan can tax depends on your residency category and where income arises: work done in Japan is Japan-source even if paid abroad, permanent residents are taxed on worldwide income, and non-permanent residents add foreign income paid in or remitted to Japan.","ja":"日本が課税できる範囲は、居住者区分と所得の発生地によります。日本で行った労働は海外払いでも日本源泉、永住者は全世界所得、非永住者は日本で支払われた・送金された国外所得も対象です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Work performed in Japan is Japan-source income, even if paid overseas.","Permanent residents (for tax) are taxed on worldwide income.","Non-residents are taxed only on specified Japan-source income.","Where the money is paid does not decide the source."],"ja":["日本で行った労働は、海外払いでも日本源泉。","税務上の永住者は全世界所得に課税。","非居住者は特定の日本源泉所得のみ課税。","支払地では源泉は決まらない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"source","heading":{"en":"What is Japan-source","ja":"日本源泉とは"},"body":{"en":["Japan-source income includes employment or service income for work physically performed in Japan, rent from Japanese property, gains on Japanese assets, and Japanese business income — regardless of where it is paid. A foreign employer paying into an overseas account does not change the source. Non-residents are generally taxed only on such Japan-source income, often via withholding."],"ja":["日本源泉所得には、日本で行った労働の給与・役務所得、日本の不動産の家賃、日本資産の譲渡益、日本の事業所得などが含まれ、支払地は問いません。外国雇用主が海外口座に支払っても源泉は変わりません。非居住者は原則、こうした日本源泉所得のみ、多くは源泉徴収で課税されます。"]}},{"id":"scope","heading":{"en":"Residency and scope","ja":"居住区分と範囲"},"body":{"en":["Residency then sets the wider scope: permanent residents for tax are taxed on worldwide income (all foreign income too), while non-permanent residents add foreign-source income only to the extent it is paid in or remitted to Japan. Treaties can reassign some source-country taxing rights, so a cross-border position should be confirmed against both domestic law and any treaty."],"ja":["次に居住区分が範囲を決めます。税務上の永住者は全世界所得（国外所得も全て）に課税され、非永住者は国外源泉所得を、日本で支払われた・送金された範囲でのみ加えます。条約は一部の源泉地国の課税権を再配分し得るため、国際的な立場は国内法と条約の双方で確認すべきです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Foreign residents with overseas income","Anyone unsure what Japan taxes"],"ja":["国外所得のある外国人居住者","課税範囲が不明な方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Country-specific treaty advice"],"ja":["国別の条約助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["Paying salary abroad does not make Japan-work income untaxed in Japan."],"ja":["海外で給与を払っても、日本での労働の所得は日本で非課税になりません。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-status"],"sources":["nta-nonresident"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","japan-tax-residency-explained"]},{"slug":"foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-nonresident","nta-individual"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"remittance-basis","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-nonresident"],"value":{"en":"A non-permanent resident is taxed on foreign-source income to the extent it is paid in or remitted to Japan, under source and ordering rules","ja":"非永住者は、国外源泉所得のうち日本で支払われた・送金された範囲で、源泉・充当のルールにより課税される"}}]},"title":{"en":"Foreign income and remittances to Japan","ja":"国外所得と日本への送金"},"summary":{"en":"Non-permanent-resident rules, foreign-source income, remittance ordering, and mixed accounts.","ja":"非永住者ルール・国外源泉所得・送金の充当順・混合口座。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"If you are a non-permanent resident, foreign-source income becomes taxable in Japan to the extent it is paid in or remitted here — and ordering rules mean a remittance from a mixed account can be treated as bringing over taxable income, so keep careful records.","ja":"非永住者の場合、国外源泉所得は日本で支払われた・送金された範囲で課税されます。充当ルールにより、混合口座からの送金は課税所得を持ち込んだと扱われ得るため、記録を丁寧に残しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Non-permanent residents are taxed on remitted foreign income.","A remittance from a mixed account can be deemed to carry taxable income.","Do not assume only money kept abroad is safe.","Keep records of income sources and remittances."],"ja":["非永住者は送金した国外所得が課税対象。","混合口座からの送金は課税所得を含むとみなされ得る。","海外に置いたお金だけが安全とは限らない。","所得の源泉と送金の記録を保管する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rule","heading":{"en":"The remittance rule","ja":"送金ルール"},"body":{"en":["A non-permanent resident is taxed on Japan-source income plus foreign-source income that is paid in or remitted to Japan. This is narrower than worldwide taxation but broader than “Japan-only,” and it catches money you bring in. Ordering rules can treat a remittance as first carrying over your foreign income for the year, even if you think of it as moving savings."],"ja":["非永住者は、日本源泉所得に加え、日本で支払われた・送金された国外源泉所得に課税されます。全世界課税より狭く「日本のみ」より広く、持ち込んだお金を捕捉します。充当ルールにより、送金はまずその年の国外所得を持ち込んだと扱われ得ます（貯蓄の移動のつもりでも）。"]}},{"id":"records","heading":{"en":"Mixed accounts and records","ja":"混合口座と記録"},"body":{"en":["Because a remittance from an account holding both income and capital can be attributed to income first, mixing funds makes the analysis harder and can increase what is taxable. Keep foreign income, capital, and remittances documented and, where possible, segregated. This is a classic area for a mistake, so get advice before large remittances."],"ja":["所得と元本が混在する口座からの送金は所得に先に充当され得るため、資金を混ぜると分析が難しくなり課税対象が増え得ます。国外の所得・元本・送金を記録し、可能なら分別します。誤りの典型例のため、大きな送金の前に助言を受けましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Non-permanent residents","Newcomers remitting savings"],"ja":["非永住者","貯蓄を送金する来日者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Permanent residents (worldwide anyway)"],"ja":["永住者（元々全世界課税）"]},"warnings":{"en":["A remittance from a mixed account can be deemed to bring in taxable income — segregate and record."],"ja":["混合口座からの送金は課税所得の持ち込みとみなされ得ます。分別・記録を。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-status"],"sources":["nta-nonresident","nta-individual"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["worldwide-vs-japan-source-income","taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","moving-to-japan-tax-checklist"]},{"slug":"foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-foreign-tax-credit"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"ftc-limit","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-foreign-tax-credit"],"value":{"en":"A resident may credit qualifying foreign income taxes against Japanese tax, limited by Japanese ceilings; certain unused amounts carry three years","ja":"居住者は対象の外国所得税を日本の税から控除でき、日本側の限度あり。一定の未使用額は3年繰越"}}]},"title":{"en":"Foreign tax credit in Japan","ja":"日本の外国税額控除"},"summary":{"en":"Qualifying foreign taxes, the Japanese limitation, carryforwards, and documents.","ja":"対象の外国税・日本側の限度・繰越・書類。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A Japanese resident can claim a credit for qualifying foreign income taxes to relieve double taxation, but it is capped by a Japanese limitation (not necessarily the whole foreign tax), needs country/income/payment/exchange documentation, and certain unused amounts carry forward three years.","ja":"日本の居住者は、二重課税を緩和するため対象の外国所得税を控除できますが、日本側の限度額（必ずしも外国税の全額ではない）があり、国・所得・納付・為替の書類が必要で、一定の未使用額は3年繰り越せます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Credits qualifying foreign income taxes against Japanese tax.","Capped by a Japanese limitation — not always the full foreign tax.","Certain unused foreign tax / limitation carries forward three years.","Requires country, income-category, payment, and exchange-rate records."],"ja":["対象の外国所得税を日本の税から控除。","日本側の限度あり。外国税の全額とは限らない。","一定の未使用の外国税・限度額は3年繰越。","国・所得区分・納付・為替の記録が必要。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how","heading":{"en":"How the credit works","ja":"控除の仕組み"},"body":{"en":["When the same income is taxed both abroad and in Japan, the foreign-tax credit reduces your Japanese tax by the qualifying foreign income tax, up to a Japanese limitation computed from the foreign-income share of your total income. Because of that ceiling, the credit may be less than the full foreign tax; certain unused foreign tax and unused limitation can carry forward three years."],"ja":["同じ所得が海外と日本で課税される場合、外国税額控除は、対象の外国所得税の分だけ日本の税を減らします。ただし総所得に占める国外所得の割合から計算する日本側の限度が上限です。この上限のため控除は外国税の全額に満たないことがあり、一定の未使用の外国税・限度額は3年繰り越せます。"]}},{"id":"docs","heading":{"en":"Documentation and treaties","ja":"書類と条約"},"body":{"en":["You need documentation of the country, income category, foreign tax, payment, and exchange rate. A treaty can reduce the foreign withholding in the first place, changing the credit needed, and some foreign taxes are not creditable. Because the calculation and treaty coordination are technical, review significant foreign-tax positions with a professional."],"ja":["国・所得区分・外国税・納付・為替の資料が必要です。条約はそもそも外国源泉税を下げ、必要な控除額を変えることがあり、控除できない外国税もあります。計算と条約の調整は専門的なため、金額の大きい外国税の立場は専門家に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents taxed abroad and in Japan","People with foreign dividends or salary"],"ja":["海外と日本で課税される居住者","外国配当・給与がある方"]},"notFor":{"en":["US citizenship-based filing (separate US credit)"],"ja":["米国の市民権ベース申告（米国側の控除は別）"]},"warnings":{"en":["The credit is capped and not every foreign tax qualifies — keep full documentation."],"ja":["控除には上限があり、すべての外国税が対象ではありません。書類を完備してください。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-status"],"sources":["nta-foreign-tax-credit"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["double-tax-treaties-explained","taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages","taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan"]},{"slug":"double-tax-treaties-explained","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["mof-us-japan-treaty","nta-nonresident"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"treaty-tiebreaker","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["mof-us-japan-treaty"],"value":{"en":"Tax treaties assign residence via tie-breakers and can reduce source-country withholding, but require eligibility, forms, and procedures","ja":"租税条約はタイブレークで居住地を定め源泉税を軽減し得るが、適格性・様式・手続きが必要"}}]},"title":{"en":"Double-tax treaties explained","ja":"租税条約の基礎"},"summary":{"en":"Residence tie-breakers, source-country rights, withholding relief, and forms.","ja":"居住地のタイブレーク・源泉地国の課税権・源泉税の軽減・様式。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A tax treaty between Japan and another country decides which country taxes what: it breaks residence ties, limits source-country taxing rights, and can reduce withholding on dividends, interest, and pensions — but relief is not automatic and needs eligibility, forms, and procedures.","ja":"日本と相手国の租税条約は、どちらの国が何に課税するかを定めます。居住地のタイブレーク、源泉地国の課税権の制限、配当・利子・年金の源泉税の軽減などです。ただし軽減は自動ではなく、適格性・様式・手続きが必要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Treaties break residence ties when two countries both claim you.","They limit source-country taxing rights and withholding rates.","Relief is not automatic — you file eligibility forms and follow procedures.","A saving clause can preserve a country’s tax on its own citizens."],"ja":["両国が居住者と主張する場合、条約がタイブレークで解決。","源泉地国の課税権・源泉税率を制限する。","軽減は自動ではなく、届出と手続きが必要。","セービング条項が自国民への課税を残すことがある。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what","heading":{"en":"What treaties do","ja":"条約の役割"},"body":{"en":["When two countries both treat you as resident, the treaty’s tie-breaker (home, center of vital interests, habitual abode, nationality) assigns one residence for treaty purposes. Treaties also cap or remove source-country tax on certain income and reduce withholding on dividends, interest, royalties, and pensions. This prevents or reduces double taxation alongside the foreign-tax credit."],"ja":["両国があなたを居住者とみなす場合、条約のタイブレーク（恒久的住居・重要な利害の中心・常用の住居・国籍）が条約上の居住地を1つに定めます。条約は一定所得への源泉地国課税を制限・排除し、配当・利子・使用料・年金の源泉税を軽減します。外国税額控除とともに二重課税を防ぎ・減らします。"]}},{"id":"procedure","heading":{"en":"Getting the relief","ja":"軽減の受け方"},"body":{"en":["Treaty relief is not automatic: you generally file eligibility forms (for example, to get a reduced withholding rate) and follow procedural conditions. A saving clause in some treaties preserves a country’s right to tax its own citizens despite other provisions. Because treaty interpretation and forms are technical and country-specific, get professional help for a real position."],"ja":["条約の軽減は自動ではなく、原則として適格性の届出（例：軽減源泉税率の適用）を行い、手続き要件に従います。一部の条約のセービング条項は、他の規定にかかわらず自国民への課税権を残します。条約の解釈と様式は専門的で国別のため、実際の適用は専門家に相談しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Dual-resident individuals","People with cross-border dividends or pensions"],"ja":["二重居住の個人","国際的な配当・年金がある方"]},"notFor":{"en":["A specific treaty article ruling (get advice)"],"ja":["特定条項の確定判断（専門家へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Treaty relief requires forms and procedures; a saving clause can preserve home-country tax."],"ja":["条約の軽減は届出と手続きが必要。セービング条項が本国課税を残すことも。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-status"],"sources":["mof-us-japan-treaty","nta-nonresident"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},{"slug":"moving-to-japan-tax-checklist","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-individual","nta-nonresident"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"moving-records","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-individual"],"value":{"en":"Preserve arrival date, asset cost basis, equity-compensation records, and remittance records when moving to Japan","ja":"来日時は到着日・資産の取得価額・株式報酬の記録・送金記録を保存する"}}]},"title":{"en":"Moving to Japan tax checklist","ja":"来日時の税務チェックリスト"},"summary":{"en":"Arrival date, residence analysis, asset cost basis, equity comp, remittances, and treaties.","ja":"到着日・居住判定・取得価額・株式報酬・送金・条約。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Before and just after you arrive, record your arrival date and residence facts, capture the cost basis and fair value of your assets, save equity-compensation and remittance records, review treaty and social-security coverage, and plan a professional review before your first year-end.","ja":"到着前後に、到着日と居住の事実を記録し、資産の取得価額と時価を把握し、株式報酬と送金の記録を保存し、条約と社会保障の適用を確認し、初回の年末までに専門家の確認を計画します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Record the arrival date and facts that establish residence.","Capture pre-arrival asset cost basis and fair values.","Save equity-compensation grant/vesting/exercise records.","Keep remittance records; review treaty and social-security coverage."],"ja":["到着日と居住を基礎づける事実を記録。","来日前の資産の取得価額と時価を把握。","株式報酬の付与・権利確定・行使の記録を保存。","送金記録を保管し、条約・社会保障の適用を確認。"]},"sections":[{"id":"records","heading":{"en":"What to preserve","ja":"保存すべきもの"},"body":{"en":["Obtain pre-arrival tax returns and year-end account statements, record the original acquisition cost of securities, crypto, and property, and save grant and vesting records for stock compensation (which can straddle pre- and post-arrival service). Determine the date your Japanese domicile or residence begins, and keep foreign-to-Japan remittance records — remittance-basis treatment for non-permanent residents depends on source and ordering."],"ja":["来日前の確定申告と年末の口座明細を入手し、証券・暗号資産・不動産の取得価額を記録し、株式報酬の付与・権利確定の記録（来日前後の勤務にまたがり得る）を保存します。日本の住所・居所が始まる日を特定し、国外から日本への送金記録を保管します。非永住者の送金課税は源泉と充当のルール次第です。"]}},{"id":"review","heading":{"en":"Reviews and calendars","ja":"確認とカレンダー"},"body":{"en":["Review treaty and social-security-agreement coverage, establish yen translation methods, review your foreign employer’s payroll obligations, and create a calendar for both Japanese and home-country filings. Do not assume only money transferred to Japan is taxable. Schedule a professional review before the first year-end so your position is right from the start."],"ja":["条約・社会保障協定の適用を確認し、円換算の方法を定め、外国雇用主の給与計算の義務を確認し、日本と本国の申告のカレンダーを作ります。日本に送金したお金だけが課税対象と思い込まないこと。立場を最初から正しくするため、初回の年末前に専門家の確認を予定しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["New arrivals to Japan","People relocating with assets or equity comp"],"ja":["来日する方","資産・株式報酬を持って移る方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Long-term permanent residents"],"ja":["長期の永住者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Remittance-basis treatment is limited and fact-specific; get advice before your first year-end."],"ja":["送金課税は限定的で事実次第。初回の年末前に助言を受けてください。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-status"],"sources":["nta-individual","nta-nonresident"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","leaving-japan-tax-checklist"]},{"slug":"leaving-japan-tax-checklist","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-leaving-japan","nta-tax-agent"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"departure-agent","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-tax-agent"],"value":{"en":"File before leaving if no tax agent is appointed; appointing a tax agent (納税管理人) permits later procedures from abroad","ja":"納税管理人を選ばない場合は出国前に申告。選任すれば出国後も海外から手続き可能"}}]},"title":{"en":"Leaving Japan tax checklist","ja":"出国時の税務チェックリスト"},"summary":{"en":"Departure-year filing, resident tax, tax representative, estimated tax, and exit tax.","ja":"出国年の申告・住民税・納税管理人・予定納税・出国税。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Before leaving Japan, determine whether your tax residence ends, complete the departure-year return (or appoint a tax agent to file later), settle national and estimated tax, arrange resident-tax payment, test exit-tax exposure, and review a pension lump-sum withdrawal.","ja":"出国前に、税務上の居住が終わるかを判定し、出国年の申告を済ませ（または後日申告のため納税管理人を選任）、国税と予定納税を精算し、住民税の納付を手配し、出国税の該当を確認し、年金の脱退一時金を検討します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Complete the departure-year return, or appoint a tax agent to file later.","Resident tax does not end at departure — arrange payment.","Appoint a tax representative (納税管理人) for post-departure procedures.","Test exit-tax exposure and review a pension lump-sum withdrawal."],"ja":["出国年の申告を済ませるか、納税管理人で後日申告。","住民税は出国で終わらない。納付を手配。","出国後の手続きのため納税管理人を選任。","出国税の該当確認と年金脱退一時金の検討。"]},"sections":[{"id":"filing","heading":{"en":"Filing and payment","ja":"申告と納付"},"body":{"en":["Determine your departure date for tax purposes and whether residence ends. The NTA instructs departing taxpayers to file before leaving when no tax agent is appointed; appointing a tax agent (納税管理人) lets returns, refunds, and notices be handled from abroad afterward. Settle national income tax and any estimated tax, and arrange resident-tax payment with your municipality, since resident tax on the prior year survives departure."],"ja":["税務上の出国日と、居住が終わるかを判定します。国税庁は、納税管理人を選ばない場合は出国前の申告を求めます。納税管理人を選任すれば、出国後も申告・還付・通知を海外から処理できます。国税と予定納税を精算し、市区町村と住民税の納付を手配します。前年分の住民税は出国後も残ります。"]}},{"id":"exit","heading":{"en":"Exit tax and pension","ja":"出国税と年金"},"body":{"en":["Test exit-tax exposure — Japan’s regime can apply where specified financial assets total at least ¥100M and residence-history conditions are met. Preserve Japanese bank and My Number access long enough to complete procedures, review a pension lump-sum withdrawal versus future pension rights, and notify your software, accountant, broker, bank, and insurer of the address change."],"ja":["出国税の該当を確認します。特定の金融資産が合計1億円以上で在住歴の要件を満たす場合に及び得ます。手続き完了まで日本の銀行・マイナンバーのアクセスを確保し、年金の脱退一時金と将来の年金権を比較し、ソフト・税理士・証券・銀行・保険に住所変更を届け出ます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People leaving Japan","Anyone with post-departure filings"],"ja":["出国する方","出国後の申告がある方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Short trips that do not end residence"],"ja":["居住が終わらない短期の渡航"]},"warnings":{"en":["Exit tax can apply at ¥100M of specified assets; review before surrendering residence."],"ja":["特定資産1億円で出国税が及び得ます。居住終了前に確認を。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-status"],"sources":["nta-leaving-japan","nta-tax-agent"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["tax-representative-guide","japan-exit-tax-guide","pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax"]},{"slug":"tax-representative-guide","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-tax-agent"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"tax-agent-role","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-tax-agent"],"value":{"en":"A tax agent (納税管理人) is appointed by notification to handle returns, refunds, notices, and payments after you leave Japan","ja":"納税管理人は届出により選任し、出国後の申告・還付・通知・納付を代行する"}}]},"title":{"en":"Tax representative guide","ja":"納税管理人ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"When one is needed, the appointment procedure, responsibilities, and post-departure payments.","ja":"必要な場面・選任手続き・役割・出国後の納付。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A tax agent (納税管理人) is a person in Japan you appoint by notification to receive notices and handle your returns, refunds, and payments after you leave — needed whenever Japanese tax procedures will arise once you are abroad.","ja":"納税管理人は、届出により選任する日本国内の人で、出国後にあなたの通知の受領・申告・還付・納付を代行します。出国後に日本の税務手続きが生じる場合に必要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Appointed by filing a notification with the tax office.","Receives notices and handles returns, refunds, and payments.","Needed when tax procedures continue after you leave Japan.","Lets you avoid having to file everything before departure."],"ja":["税務署への届出で選任。","通知を受領し、申告・還付・納付を代行。","出国後も税務手続きが続く場合に必要。","出国前に全て申告する必要を避けられる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"when","heading":{"en":"When you need one","ja":"必要な場面"},"body":{"en":["If, after you leave Japan, there will be returns to file, refunds to receive, notices to answer, or tax to pay — for example ongoing rental income, a delayed refund, or a departure-year return you cannot finish in time — you appoint a tax agent so those procedures can continue from within Japan. Without one, the NTA expects you to file before leaving."],"ja":["出国後に、申告・還付の受領・通知への対応・納付が生じる場合（例：継続する不動産所得、遅れて出る還付、間に合わない出国年の申告など）、日本国内から手続きを続けられるよう納税管理人を選任します。選任しない場合、国税庁は出国前の申告を求めます。"]}},{"id":"how","heading":{"en":"Appointing and responsibilities","ja":"選任と役割"},"body":{"en":["You appoint a tax agent by filing a notification with your tax office, naming a person (or firm) in Japan. They receive your tax mail and can file returns, claim refunds, and pay tax on your behalf, but you remain the taxpayer. Choose someone reliable and reachable; for complex affairs, a licensed tax accountant is a natural choice."],"ja":["税務署に届出を提出し、日本国内の人（または法人）を納税管理人に指定します。あなたの税の郵便物を受領し、代わりに申告・還付請求・納付ができますが、納税者はあなたのままです。信頼でき連絡が取れる人を選び、複雑な事案では税理士が自然な選択です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People leaving with ongoing Japanese tax","Nonresident landlords"],"ja":["日本の税務が続く出国者","非居住者の大家"]},"notFor":{"en":["People with no post-departure obligations"],"ja":["出国後の義務がない方"]},"warnings":{"en":["Without a tax agent you must file before leaving; appoint one if procedures will continue."],"ja":["納税管理人がないと出国前の申告が必要。手続きが続くなら選任を。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-status"],"sources":["nta-tax-agent"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["leaving-japan-tax-checklist","nonresident-landlord-taxes","japan-exit-tax-guide"]},{"slug":"japan-exit-tax-guide","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-exit-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"exit-threshold","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-exit-tax"],"value":{"en":"Exit tax can apply where specified financial assets total at least ¥100M and residence-history conditions are met; deferral is possible with a representative and security","ja":"対象の金融資産が合計1億円以上で在住歴要件を満たす場合、出国税が及び得る。納税管理人と担保で納税猶予可"}}]},"title":{"en":"Japan exit tax guide","ja":"国外転出時課税（出国税）ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"Specified assets, the ¥100M review threshold, deemed disposal, deferral, and deadlines.","ja":"対象資産・1億円の判定・みなし譲渡・納税猶予・期限。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Japan’s exit tax can tax unrealized gains on specified financial assets as if sold when you leave, if those assets total at least ¥100M and you meet residence-history conditions — deferral is possible for up to five (potentially ten) years with a tax representative and security.","ja":"出国税は、対象の金融資産が合計1億円以上で在住歴の要件を満たす人が出国する際、含み益を売却したものとみなして課税し得ます。納税管理人と担保により、原則5年（最長10年）の納税猶予が可能です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Applies to specified financial assets (e.g., securities), not everything.","Review threshold: specified assets totaling at least ¥100M.","Residence-history conditions must also be met.","Deferral possible (≈5, up to 10 years) with a representative and security."],"ja":["対象は特定の金融資産（有価証券等）で、全資産ではない。","判定基準：対象資産が合計1億円以上。","在住歴の要件も満たす必要がある。","納税管理人と担保で猶予可（原則5年、最長10年）。"]},"sections":[{"id":"scope","heading":{"en":"What it taxes","ja":"課税対象"},"body":{"en":["The exit-tax regime treats certain financial assets (such as securities and some derivatives) as deemed-sold at departure, taxing the unrealized gain. It applies where those specified assets total at least ¥100M and you meet residence-history conditions (broadly, having been a resident for enough of the recent period). Nationality alone is not the test — foreign nationals can be caught."],"ja":["出国税は、一定の金融資産（有価証券や一部のデリバティブなど）を出国時に売却したとみなし、含み益に課税します。対象資産が合計1億円以上で、在住歴の要件（概ね直近で一定期間居住していたこと）を満たす場合に適用されます。国籍だけが基準ではなく、外国籍でも対象になり得ます。"]}},{"id":"defer","heading":{"en":"Deferral and deadlines","ja":"猶予と期限"},"body":{"en":["Because taxing unrealized gains at departure is harsh, deferral is available — ordinarily for five years and potentially ten — if you appoint a tax representative and provide security. There are filing deadlines around departure, and later actual sale or return can adjust the result. This is a mandatory professional-review area before surrendering residence."],"ja":["含み益への出国時課税は重いため、納税管理人を選任し担保を提供すれば、原則5年（最長10年）の納税猶予が可能です。出国前後に申告期限があり、後の実際の売却や帰国で結果が調整され得ます。居住を手放す前に必ず専門家の確認を受けるべき分野です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People with ≥¥100M of financial assets leaving Japan","Long-term residents with large portfolios"],"ja":["金融資産1億円以上で出国する方","大きな資産を持つ長期居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People well below the threshold"],"ja":["基準を大きく下回る方"]},"warnings":{"en":["This is a mandatory professional-review area — do not plan a departure around it without advice."],"ja":["必ず専門家の確認を要する分野です。助言なしに出国を計画しないでください。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-status"],"sources":["nta-exit-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["leaving-japan-tax-checklist","tax-representative-guide","taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},{"slug":"pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["jps-lump-sum","nta-retirement-income"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"lump-sum-withholding","kind":"rate","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["jps-lump-sum"],"value":{"en":"Employee-pension lump-sum withdrawals generally have 20.42% Japanese withholding; a tax-agent refund claim can apply retirement-income treatment","ja":"厚生年金の脱退一時金は原則20.42%の源泉徴収。納税管理人経由で退職所得課税を適用し還付請求できる"}}]},"title":{"en":"Pension lump-sum withdrawal tax","ja":"脱退一時金の税金"},"summary":{"en":"Eligibility, employee-pension withholding, the tax-agent refund, and treaty considerations.","ja":"受給要件・厚生年金の源泉徴収・納税管理人による還付・条約の考慮。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A departing foreign worker can claim a lump-sum pension withdrawal; employee-pension lump sums generally have 20.42% Japanese withholding, but a refund of much of it can often be claimed through a Japanese tax agent by applying retirement-income treatment.","ja":"出国する外国人労働者は脱退一時金を請求できます。厚生年金の脱退一時金は原則20.42%が源泉徴収されますが、納税管理人を通じて退職所得課税を適用することで、多くを還付請求できることが多いです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Departing foreign workers may claim a lump-sum pension withdrawal.","Employee-pension lump sums generally have 20.42% withholding.","A tax-agent refund can apply retirement-income treatment.","Weigh the withdrawal against future pension rights and totalization."],"ja":["出国する外国人労働者は脱退一時金を請求可能。","厚生年金の脱退一時金は原則20.42%源泉徴収。","納税管理人経由で退職所得課税を適用し還付可。","将来の年金権や通算協定と比較する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"claim","heading":{"en":"Claiming and the refund","ja":"請求と還付"},"body":{"en":["Eligible departing foreign workers can apply for a lump-sum withdrawal payment of pension contributions. Employee-pension (厚生年金) lump sums are generally subject to 20.42% Japanese withholding at payment. However, by appointing a Japanese tax agent and filing to apply retirement-income treatment (with its deduction and one-half rule), a large part of that withholding can often be refunded."],"ja":["受給資格のある出国する外国人労働者は、年金保険料の脱退一時金を請求できます。厚生年金の脱退一時金は、支払時に原則20.42%が源泉徴収されます。ただし、日本の納税管理人を選任し、退職所得課税（控除と1/2ルール）を適用する申告を行うことで、その源泉徴収の多くを還付できることが多いです。"]}},{"id":"weigh","heading":{"en":"Weigh it carefully","ja":"慎重に比較"},"body":{"en":["A lump-sum withdrawal ends the related Japanese pension rights, so weigh the cash now against future pension entitlement, and check any social-security (totalization) agreement between Japan and your country — coverage periods may be combinable so you keep rights instead of cashing out. Review before claiming."],"ja":["脱退一時金は関連する日本の年金権を終了させるため、今の現金と将来の年金受給を比較し、日本と自国の社会保障（通算）協定を確認します。加入期間を通算でき、脱退せず権利を保てる場合があります。請求前に検討しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Foreign workers leaving Japan","People deciding to cash out pension"],"ja":["出国する外国人労働者","年金の脱退を検討する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["People staying long-term in Japan"],"ja":["日本に長期滞在する方"]},"warnings":{"en":["A withdrawal forfeits future pension rights; check totalization agreements first."],"ja":["脱退は将来の年金権を失わせます。まず社会保障協定を確認。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-status"],"sources":["jps-lump-sum","nta-retirement-income"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["leaving-japan-tax-checklist","tax-representative-guide","retirement-income-tax"]},{"slug":"taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-nonresident","nta-individual"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"nomad-work-location","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-nonresident"],"value":{"en":"Tax residence and the work location, not the visa name, determine Japanese taxation; work done in Japan is Japan-source","ja":"ビザ名ではなく税務上の居住と労働地が課税を決める。日本での労働は日本源泉"}}]},"title":{"en":"Taxes for digital nomads in Japan","ja":"デジタルノマドの日本の税金"},"summary":{"en":"Tax residence, work location, foreign employer/clients, visa distinction, and PE warnings.","ja":"税務上の居住・労働地・外国雇用主/取引先・ビザとの区別・恒久的施設の注意。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"For a digital nomad, Japanese tax turns on tax residence and where you work, not your visa name: if you become a tax resident or perform work in Japan, that income can be Japan-taxable even from foreign clients — and there can be permanent-establishment and treaty issues.","ja":"デジタルノマドの日本の課税は、ビザ名ではなく税務上の居住と労働地で決まります。税務上の居住者になる、または日本で働く場合、外国の取引先からの所得でも日本で課税され得え、恒久的施設や条約の論点も生じ得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Tax residence and work location — not the visa — drive taxation.","Work performed in Japan is Japan-source, even for foreign clients.","Becoming a tax resident can bring broader taxation.","Permanent-establishment and treaty questions can arise."],"ja":["課税はビザではなく税務上の居住と労働地で決まる。","日本での労働は、外国の取引先でも日本源泉。","税務上の居住者になると課税範囲が広がり得る。","恒久的施設や条約の論点が生じ得る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"residence","heading":{"en":"Residence and work location","ja":"居住と労働地"},"body":{"en":["A nomad’s visa or “nomad” label does not decide tax. If facts establish a Japanese domicile or you stay long enough to become resident, Japan’s wider taxing rules apply; even as a non-resident, work physically performed in Japan is Japan-source and can be taxable. So both how long you stay and where you actually work matter."],"ja":["ノマドのビザや「ノマド」という呼称は課税を決めません。日本に住所があると認められる、または居住者になるほど滞在すれば、日本の広い課税ルールが適用され、非居住者でも日本で行った労働は日本源泉で課税され得ます。滞在期間と実際の労働地の双方が重要です。"]}},{"id":"risks","heading":{"en":"Employer and treaty risks","ja":"雇用主・条約のリスク"},"body":{"en":["Working in Japan for a foreign employer or clients can create a permanent-establishment question for the business and payroll/withholding gaps for you, and a treaty may change source-country taxing rights and residence. Because the “digital nomad” category does not exempt you from these rules, confirm your position with a professional before assuming Japan cannot tax you."],"ja":["外国の雇用主や取引先のために日本で働くと、事業側に恒久的施設の論点、あなたに給与・源泉の欠落が生じ得え、条約が源泉地国の課税権や居住地を変え得ます。「デジタルノマド」という区分はこれらのルールを免除しないため、日本が課税できないと決めつける前に専門家に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Remote workers spending time in Japan","Location-independent freelancers"],"ja":["日本に滞在するリモートワーカー","場所に縛られないフリーランス"]},"notFor":{"en":["Clear non-residents working entirely abroad"],"ja":["完全に国外で働く明確な非居住者"]},"warnings":{"en":["A “nomad” status does not exempt Japan-work income; check residence and PE issues."],"ja":["「ノマド」でも日本での労働の所得は免除されません。居住とPEを確認。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-status"],"sources":["nta-nonresident","nta-individual"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan","japan-tax-residency-explained","taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},{"slug":"taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["irs-abroad","mof-us-japan-treaty"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"us-worldwide","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["irs-abroad"],"value":{"en":"The US taxes citizens and resident aliens on worldwide income even while resident in Japan; foreign tax credits and exclusions may reduce double tax","ja":"米国は市民・居住外国人の全世界所得に、日本居住中でも課税。外国税額控除や除外で二重課税を緩和し得る"}}]},"title":{"en":"Taxes for US citizens living in Japan","ja":"日本在住の米国市民の税金"},"summary":{"en":"Dual filing, worldwide income, credits, exclusions, treaties, accounts, and investments.","ja":"両国申告・全世界所得・控除・除外・条約・口座・投資。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The US taxes its citizens and green-card holders on worldwide income even while they live in Japan, so you generally file in both countries; the foreign tax credit and foreign earned income exclusion reduce double taxation, and Japanese accounts and funds can trigger extra US reporting.","ja":"米国は市民・グリーンカード保有者の全世界所得に、日本在住中でも課税するため、原則として両国で申告します。外国税額控除と外国所得除外が二重課税を緩和し、日本の口座やファンドは追加の米国報告義務を生じさせ得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["US citizenship-based taxation means filing in both countries.","Paying Japanese tax does not remove US filing.","The FTC and FEIE reduce double tax but must be claimed on a US return.","Japanese accounts and funds can trigger FBAR, FATCA, and PFIC issues."],"ja":["米国は市民権ベース課税。両国で申告が必要。","日本で納税しても米国申告は消えない。","FTC・FEIEは二重課税を緩和するが米国申告で請求。","日本の口座・ファンドはFBAR・FATCA・PFICの論点を生む。"]},"sections":[{"id":"dual","heading":{"en":"Dual filing reality","ja":"両国申告の現実"},"body":{"en":["Japan taxes you as a resident, but the US continues to tax its citizens and green-card holders on worldwide income wherever they live. So you generally file a Japanese return and a US return each year. The foreign tax credit and the foreign earned income exclusion can reduce or remove US tax on income already taxed in Japan, but they do not remove the filing obligation and do not always produce the same result."],"ja":["日本はあなたを居住者として課税しますが、米国は市民・グリーンカード保有者の全世界所得に、居住地を問わず課税し続けます。したがって毎年、日本の申告と米国の申告を行うのが原則です。外国税額控除と外国所得除外は、日本で既に課税された所得への米国税を軽減・排除し得ますが、申告義務は消えず、結果も常に同じではありません。"]}},{"id":"accounts","heading":{"en":"Accounts, funds, and help","ja":"口座・ファンド・専門家"},"body":{"en":["Japanese bank accounts, NISA holdings, mutual funds, pensions, and insurance can create complex US classifications — FBAR and FATCA reporting, and possible PFIC treatment of Japanese funds — that ordinary Japanese tax software does not handle. Use a Japan-licensed tax accountant together with a US CPA, enrolled agent, or attorney experienced in Japan-US cases."],"ja":["日本の銀行口座・NISA・投資信託・年金・保険は、米国側で複雑な区分（FBAR・FATCA報告、日本のファンドのPFIC扱いの可能性）を生じさせ、通常の日本の税務ソフトでは扱えません。日本の税理士と、日米案件に精通した米国のCPA・EA・弁護士を組み合わせて使いましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["US citizens and green-card holders in Japan","Americans planning a move"],"ja":["日本在住の米国市民・グリーンカード保有者","移住を計画する米国人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Non-US taxpayers","Specific US return preparation"],"ja":["米国非課税者","個別の米国申告の作成"]},"warnings":{"en":["Japanese tax software does not handle US obligations; coordinate a Japan zeirishi with a US professional."],"ja":["日本の税務ソフトは米国の義務を扱いません。税理士と米国の専門家を連携させてください。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-status"],"sources":["irs-abroad","mof-us-japan-treaty"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion","fbar-for-americans-in-japan","japan-us-tax-treaty-guide"]},{"slug":"foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["irs-ftc","irs-feie"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"ftc-vs-feie","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["irs-ftc"],"value":{"en":"The FTC credits foreign income tax against US tax; the FEIE excludes a limited amount of earned income — both are claimed on a US return and interact","ja":"FTCは外国所得税を米国税から控除、FEIEは一定額の勤労所得を除外。いずれも米国申告で請求し相互作用する"}}]},"title":{"en":"Foreign Tax Credit vs Foreign Earned Income Exclusion","ja":"外国税額控除とFEIEの比較"},"summary":{"en":"General interaction, earned vs passive income, Japanese tax credits, and carryovers.","ja":"相互作用・勤労と受動所得・日本の税額・繰越。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"On your US return, the Foreign Tax Credit offsets US tax with foreign income tax paid, while the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion excludes a capped amount of earned income; which is better — or how to combine them — depends on your income mix and Japanese tax, and should be modeled professionally.","ja":"米国申告では、外国税額控除（FTC）は支払った外国所得税で米国税を相殺し、外国所得除外（FEIE）は一定額の勤労所得を除外します。どちらが有利か、どう併用するかは所得構成と日本の税額により、専門家によるモデル化が必要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["FTC: credits foreign income tax against US tax (good when foreign tax is high).","FEIE: excludes a capped amount of earned income (not passive income).","They interact and cannot double-benefit the same income.","Japanese tax is generally high enough that the FTC often helps — but model it."],"ja":["FTC：外国所得税を米国税から控除（外国税が高いと有利）。","FEIE：一定額の勤労所得を除外（受動所得は不可）。","両者は相互作用し、同一所得の二重優遇は不可。","日本の税は高めでFTCが有効なことが多いが要試算。"]},"sections":[{"id":"mechanics","heading":{"en":"How each works","ja":"各制度の仕組み"},"body":{"en":["The Foreign Tax Credit reduces US tax dollar-for-dollar by qualifying foreign income tax you paid, and unused credit can carry over. The Foreign Earned Income Exclusion instead excludes a limited amount of foreign earned income (wages/self-employment), but not passive income like dividends and capital gains. Because Japanese income tax is often substantial, many US filers in Japan rely on the FTC."],"ja":["外国税額控除は、支払った対象の外国所得税の分だけ米国税をそのまま減らし、未使用分は繰り越せます。外国所得除外は、一定額の外国勤労所得（給与・自営）を除外しますが、配当や譲渡益などの受動所得は対象外です。日本の所得税は高めのことが多く、日本在住の米国申告者はFTCに依拠することが多いです。"]}},{"id":"choose","heading":{"en":"Choosing and combining","ja":"選択と併用"},"body":{"en":["They interact: you cannot exclude income under FEIE and also credit the foreign tax on that same income. The right mix depends on your earned vs passive income, your Japanese tax paid, and factors like the child tax credit. Electing FEIE and later revoking it has consequences. This is a classic model-it-first decision for a US-Japan professional."],"ja":["両者は相互作用し、FEIEで除外した所得について同じ外国税をFTCで控除することはできません。最適な組み合わせは、勤労と受動所得の割合、支払った日本の税、児童税額控除などの要素によります。FEIEの選択と後の撤回には影響があります。日米の専門家がまず試算すべき典型的な判断です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["US filers with Japanese salary","Americans optimizing their US return"],"ja":["日本の給与がある米国申告者","米国申告を最適化する米国人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Non-US taxpayers"],"ja":["米国非課税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["FEIE and FTC cannot both benefit the same income; revoking FEIE has multi-year consequences — model it."],"ja":["同一所得にFEIEとFTCの二重適用は不可。FEIEの撤回は複数年に影響。要試算。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-status"],"sources":["irs-ftc","irs-feie"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","foreign-tax-credit-in-japan"]},{"slug":"fbar-for-americans-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["irs-fbar","irs-fatca"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"fbar-due","kind":"deadline","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["irs-fbar"],"value":{"en":"FBAR is due April 15 with an automatic extension to October 15; it reports foreign accounts, separate from the income-tax return","ja":"FBARの期限は4月15日、自動延長で10月15日。所得税申告とは別に外国口座を報告"}}]},"title":{"en":"FBAR for Americans in Japan","ja":"在日米国人のFBAR"},"summary":{"en":"Covered accounts, aggregate thresholds, filing date, and common Japanese accounts.","ja":"対象口座・合算基準・提出期限・よくある日本の口座。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"FBAR is a US report of your foreign financial accounts (not an income-tax return) required when their aggregate value exceeds the threshold at any point in the year; it is due April 15 with an automatic extension to October 15, and it covers ordinary Japanese bank and brokerage accounts.","ja":"FBARは、外国の金融口座を報告する米国の書類（所得税申告とは別）で、年中いずれかの時点で合算残高が基準を超えると必要です。期限は4月15日、自動延長で10月15日で、日本の銀行・証券口座も対象です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["FBAR reports foreign accounts; it is not an income-tax return.","Required when aggregate foreign accounts exceed the threshold.","Due April 15, automatic extension to October 15.","Covers ordinary Japanese bank and brokerage accounts."],"ja":["FBARは外国口座の報告で、所得税申告ではない。","外国口座の合算が基準超で必要。","期限は4月15日、自動延長で10月15日。","日本の一般的な銀行・証券口座も対象。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what","heading":{"en":"What FBAR is","ja":"FBARとは"},"body":{"en":["The FBAR (FinCEN Form 114) is a separate US filing that discloses your foreign financial accounts when their combined value exceeds the reporting threshold at any time during the year. It is informational — not an income-tax return — but penalties for not filing can be significant. Ordinary Japanese accounts (megabank, online bank, brokerage) count toward the aggregate."],"ja":["FBAR（FinCEN Form 114）は、外国の金融口座を、年中いずれかの時点で合算残高が報告基準を超えた場合に開示する、別個の米国申告です。所得税申告ではなく情報申告ですが、未提出の罰則は大きくなり得ます。日本の一般的な口座（メガバンク・ネット銀行・証券）も合算に含まれます。"]}},{"id":"when","heading":{"en":"Timing and records","ja":"時期と記録"},"body":{"en":["FBAR is due April 15 with an automatic extension to October 15, and it is filed electronically with FinCEN, separately from your IRS return (though FATCA Form 8938 may also apply on the return itself). Keep records of each account’s highest balance and details. Because thresholds and penalties are significant, confirm your obligations with a US professional."],"ja":["FBARの期限は4月15日、自動延長で10月15日で、IRSの申告とは別にFinCENへ電子提出します（ただしFATCAのForm 8938が申告書側で別途必要なこともあります）。各口座の最高残高と詳細を記録します。基準と罰則が大きいため、義務は米国の専門家に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["US persons with Japanese accounts","Americans over the FBAR threshold"],"ja":["日本の口座を持つ米国人","FBAR基準を超える米国人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Non-US taxpayers"],"ja":["米国非課税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["FBAR is separate from your tax return and carries significant penalties for non-filing."],"ja":["FBARは申告書と別で、未提出の罰則が大きいです。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-status"],"sources":["irs-fbar","irs-fatca"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk","japan-us-tax-treaty-guide"]},{"slug":"japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["mof-us-japan-treaty","irs-abroad"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"saving-clause","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["mof-us-japan-treaty"],"value":{"en":"The US-Japan treaty contains a saving clause that often preserves US taxation of US citizens, subject to specific exceptions","ja":"日米租税条約にはセービング条項があり、一定の例外を除き米国市民への米国課税を維持することが多い"}}]},"title":{"en":"Japan-US tax treaty guide","ja":"日米租税条約ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"The saving clause, residence, employment, pensions, dividends, and relief procedures.","ja":"セービング条項・居住・給与・年金・配当・軽減手続き。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The US-Japan tax treaty allocates taxing rights and reduces withholding on cross-border dividends, interest, and pensions, but its saving clause generally preserves US taxation of US citizens — so the treaty helps with double taxation without freeing Americans from US filing.","ja":"日米租税条約は課税権を配分し、国際的な配当・利子・年金の源泉税を軽減しますが、セービング条項により原則として米国市民への米国課税を維持します。したがって条約は二重課税を緩和しますが、米国人を米国申告から解放はしません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The treaty allocates taxing rights and cuts some withholding rates.","The saving clause preserves US tax on US citizens (with exceptions).","It addresses residence, employment, pensions, dividends, and interest.","Relief needs eligibility forms and procedures."],"ja":["条約は課税権を配分し一部の源泉税率を軽減。","セービング条項が米国市民への米国課税を維持（例外あり）。","居住・給与・年金・配当・利子を扱う。","軽減には届出と手続きが必要。"]},"sections":[{"id":"structure","heading":{"en":"What the treaty does","ja":"条約の役割"},"body":{"en":["The treaty sets residence tie-breakers and rules for employment income, pensions, dividends, interest, and more, and it reduces certain withholding rates. This coordinates with the foreign tax credit to prevent double taxation. But the saving clause lets the US continue taxing its citizens as if parts of the treaty did not apply, subject to specific carve-outs."],"ja":["条約は、居住地のタイブレーク、給与・年金・配当・利子などのルールを定め、一定の源泉税率を軽減します。これは外国税額控除と連携して二重課税を防ぎます。ただしセービング条項により、一定の例外を除き、米国は条約の一部が適用されないかのように自国民への課税を続けられます。"]}},{"id":"use","heading":{"en":"Using it in practice","ja":"実務での使い方"},"body":{"en":["To claim treaty benefits (such as reduced withholding), you generally file eligibility forms and meet procedural conditions, and interpreting how the saving clause and its exceptions apply to a specific item (like pensions) is technical. Because a wrong treaty position affects both countries, review significant positions with a professional experienced in Japan-US cases."],"ja":["条約特典（軽減源泉税など）を受けるには、原則として適格性の届出と手続き要件を満たします。セービング条項とその例外が特定項目（年金など）にどう適用されるかの解釈は専門的です。誤った条約の立場は両国に影響するため、重要な立場は日米案件に精通した専門家に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["US-Japan dual filers","People with cross-border pensions or dividends"],"ja":["日米の両国申告者","国際的な年金・配当がある方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Non-US taxpayers"],"ja":["米国非課税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["The saving clause means the treaty rarely frees a US citizen from US tax; get advice on specifics."],"ja":["セービング条項により、条約が米国市民を米国税から解放することはまれです。個別に助言を。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-status"],"sources":["mof-us-japan-treaty","irs-abroad"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","double-tax-treaties-explained","foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion"]},{"slug":"nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["irs-abroad"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A US CPA/EA experienced in PFIC and Japan cases must review fund holdings before publication.","ja":"公開前に、PFICと日本案件に精通した米国CPA/EAがファンド保有の確認を行う必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"pfic-risk","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["irs-abroad"],"value":{"en":"Japanese funds and NISA holdings do not automatically receive US tax exemption and can face PFIC treatment for US taxpayers","ja":"日本のファンドやNISAは米国で自動的に非課税とはならず、米国納税者にはPFIC課税のリスクがある"}}]},"title":{"en":"NISA, Japanese funds, and PFIC risk","ja":"NISA・日本の投信とPFICリスク"},"summary":{"en":"Japanese tax treatment, lack of automatic US exemption, and fund-classification risk.","ja":"日本での税制・米国での非課税不成立・ファンド区分のリスク。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"NISA and Japanese mutual funds are tax-advantaged in Japan, but the US does not recognize that shelter for US taxpayers, and Japanese pooled funds can be treated as PFICs — a punitive, paperwork-heavy US regime — so US persons should get specialist advice before investing.","ja":"NISAや日本の投資信託は日本では税制優遇されますが、米国はその優遇を米国納税者に認めず、日本の集合投資はPFIC（重い課税と書類負担の米国制度）扱いになり得ます。米国人は投資前に専門家の助言を受けるべきです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["NISA’s tax-free status is a Japanese benefit, not a US one.","Japanese mutual funds/ETFs can be PFICs for US taxpayers.","PFIC treatment is punitive and paperwork-heavy (Form 8621).","US persons should get specialist advice before buying Japanese funds."],"ja":["NISAの非課税は日本の優遇で、米国では認められない。","日本の投信・ETFは米国納税者にはPFICになり得る。","PFIC課税は重く書類負担も大きい（Form 8621）。","米国人は日本のファンド購入前に専門家へ。"]},"sections":[{"id":"mismatch","heading":{"en":"The US-Japan mismatch","ja":"日米のミスマッチ"},"body":{"en":["In Japan, NISA shelters eligible gains and distributions, and mutual funds are ordinary investments. For US taxpayers, none of that carries over automatically: the US taxes worldwide income and does not recognize NISA’s shelter. Worse, a Japanese pooled fund is often a Passive Foreign Investment Company (PFIC) under US rules."],"ja":["日本ではNISAが対象の利益・分配金を非課税にし、投資信託は通常の投資です。米国納税者には、これらは自動では引き継がれません。米国は全世界所得に課税し、NISAの非課税を認めません。さらに、日本の集合投資は米国ルールでしばしばPFIC（受動的外国投資会社）に該当します。"]}},{"id":"pfic","heading":{"en":"Why PFIC matters","ja":"PFICが重要な理由"},"body":{"en":["PFIC treatment can impose punitive tax and interest on distributions and gains, and requires detailed annual reporting (Form 8621). This makes many Japanese funds and even some NISA holdings costly and complex for US persons. Before investing, a US taxpayer should consult a US CPA, enrolled agent, or attorney experienced in PFIC and Japan cases."],"ja":["PFIC扱いは、分配金や譲渡益に重い課税と利子を課し得え、詳細な年次報告（Form 8621）を要します。このため多くの日本のファンド、時にNISA保有までもが、米国人には高コストで複雑になります。投資前に、米国納税者はPFICと日本案件に精通した米国のCPA・EA・弁護士に相談すべきです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["US persons considering NISA or Japanese funds","Americans building a portfolio in Japan"],"ja":["NISAや日本のファンドを検討する米国人","日本で資産形成する米国人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Non-US taxpayers (NISA is simply beneficial)"],"ja":["米国非課税者（NISAは単純に有利）"]},"warnings":{"en":["PFIC rules can make Japanese funds costly for US persons — get specialist advice before buying."],"ja":["PFICルールで日本のファンドは米国人に高コストになり得ます。購入前に専門家へ。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-status"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","irs-abroad"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","fbar-for-americans-in-japan","investment-taxes-in-japan"]},{"slug":"gift-tax-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-gift-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"gift-annual-exemption","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-gift-tax"],"value":{"en":"Calendar-year gift tax allows a ¥1.1M annual basic exemption across all gifts received in the year, not per donor; rates are progressive to 55%","ja":"暦年課税の贈与税は、その年に受けた贈与全体に対し年110万円の基礎控除（贈与者ごとではない）。税率は最高55%の累進"}}]},"title":{"en":"Gift tax in Japan","ja":"日本の贈与税"},"summary":{"en":"The annual exemption, progressive rates, the recipient’s liability, and filing.","ja":"基礎控除・累進税率・受贈者の納税・申告。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Gift tax is paid by the recipient on gifts received in a calendar year above a ¥1.1M annual basic exemption (across all donors, not per donor), at progressive rates reaching 55%, with a return due about February 1–March 15 of the following year.","ja":"贈与税は、暦年に受けた贈与のうち年110万円の基礎控除（贈与者ごとではなく合計）を超える分に、受贈者が最高55%の累進税率で納めます。申告は原則、翌年2月1日〜3月15日です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The recipient pays; the ¥1.1M exemption is per recipient per year, across all donors.","Rates are progressive up to 55%.","Different tables apply to gifts from direct ancestors to adult descendants.","A return is due about February 1–March 15 of the following year."],"ja":["納税は受贈者。110万円は受贈者ごと・年ごと（贈与者合計）。","税率は最高55%の累進。","直系尊属から成人の子への贈与は別の税率表。","申告は原則、翌年2月1日〜3月15日。"]},"sections":[{"id":"exemption","heading":{"en":"The annual exemption","ja":"基礎控除"},"body":{"en":["Under calendar-year (暦年) gift taxation, a recipient can receive up to ¥1.1M of gifts tax-free per year. Crucially, this exemption is per recipient across all donors combined, not a fresh ¥1.1M for each person giving to you. Gifts above the exemption are taxed at progressive rates reaching 55%, with a separate, gentler table for qualifying gifts from direct ancestors to adult descendants."],"ja":["暦年課税の贈与税では、受贈者は年110万円まで非課税で受け取れます。重要な点として、この控除は受贈者ごとに贈与者合計に対するもので、贈与者ごとに110万円ずつではありません。控除超過分は最高55%の累進で課税され、直系尊属から成人の子への一定の贈与には別の緩やかな税率表があります。"]}},{"id":"file","heading":{"en":"Filing and records","ja":"申告と記録"},"body":{"en":["The recipient files a gift-tax return about February 1–March 15 of the following year when gifts exceed the exemption. Foreign gifts, gifts between family, and settlement-type (相続時精算課税) elections have their own rules, and valuation matters. Keep records of donor, date, amount, and valuation, and get advice for large or cross-border gifts."],"ja":["受贈者は、贈与が控除を超える場合、原則翌年2月1日〜3月15日に贈与税を申告します。国外からの贈与、家族間の贈与、相続時精算課税の選択には独自のルールがあり、評価も重要です。贈与者・日付・金額・評価の記録を残し、高額や国際的な贈与は助言を受けましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People receiving large gifts","Families planning transfers"],"ja":["高額の贈与を受ける方","資産移転を計画する家族"]},"notFor":{"en":["Detailed estate planning (get advice)"],"ja":["詳細な相続対策（専門家へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["The ¥1.1M exemption is per recipient across all donors, not per donor."],"ja":["110万円は受贈者ごと・贈与者合計です。贈与者ごとではありません。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-gift-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["inheritance-tax-in-japan","gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","types-of-taxes-in-japan"]},{"slug":"inheritance-tax-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-inheritance-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"inheritance-exemption","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-inheritance-tax"],"value":{"en":"The inheritance-tax basic exemption is ¥30M + ¥6M × number of statutory heirs; the return is generally due within 10 months","ja":"相続税の基礎控除は3,000万円＋600万円×法定相続人。申告は原則10か月以内"}}]},"title":{"en":"Inheritance tax in Japan","ja":"日本の相続税"},"summary":{"en":"The basic exemption, statutory heirs, the ten-month deadline, valuation, and reliefs.","ja":"基礎控除・法定相続人・10か月期限・評価・各種軽減。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Inheritance tax applies to an estate above the basic exemption of ¥30M + ¥6M per statutory heir, with the return and payment generally due within ten months of learning of the death — and valuation, spouse relief, insurance exclusions, and small-residential-land relief can materially change the result.","ja":"相続税は、基礎控除「3,000万円＋600万円×法定相続人」を超える遺産に課され、申告・納付は原則、相続開始を知った日から10か月以内です。評価・配偶者の税額軽減・生命保険の非課税・小規模宅地等の特例で結果が大きく変わります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Basic exemption: ¥30M + ¥6M × number of statutory heirs.","Return and payment generally due within ten months.","Spouse relief, insurance exclusions, and small-land relief can reduce tax.","Valuation, prior gifts, trusts, and foreign estates complicate it."],"ja":["基礎控除：3,000万円＋600万円×法定相続人。","申告・納付は原則10か月以内。","配偶者軽減・保険の非課税・小規模宅地で軽減し得る。","評価・過去の贈与・信託・国外遺産で複雑化。"]},"sections":[{"id":"exemption","heading":{"en":"The basic exemption and deadline","ja":"基礎控除と期限"},"body":{"en":["Inheritance tax is charged on the taxable estate exceeding the basic exemption, which is ¥30M plus ¥6M times the number of statutory heirs — so a family with more statutory heirs has a higher exemption. An inheritance-tax return and payment are generally due within ten months after the heir learns of the death (usually measured from the day after death)."],"ja":["相続税は、基礎控除を超える課税遺産に課されます。基礎控除は3,000万円＋600万円×法定相続人の数で、法定相続人が多い家族ほど控除が大きくなります。相続税の申告・納付は、原則として相続の開始を知った日（通常は死亡の翌日から起算）から10か月以内です。"]}},{"id":"reliefs","heading":{"en":"Reliefs and complications","ja":"軽減と複雑化"},"body":{"en":["The outcome can change materially with valuation methods, the spouse tax credit, life-insurance exclusions, small-residential-land relief, trusts, prior gifts brought back in, foreign estates, and generation-skipping. Real property and unlisted shares need careful valuation. Because the ten-month clock is short and the rules intricate, involve a tax accountant early."],"ja":["結果は、評価方法、配偶者の税額軽減、生命保険の非課税、小規模宅地等の特例、信託、持ち戻す過去の贈与、国外遺産、世代飛ばしで大きく変わります。不動産や非上場株式は慎重な評価が必要です。10か月の期限は短くルールも複雑なため、早めに税理士を関与させましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Heirs and executors","Families planning succession"],"ja":["相続人・遺言執行者","承継を計画する家族"]},"notFor":{"en":["Specific estate-plan drafting"],"ja":["個別の相続対策の作成"]},"warnings":{"en":["The ten-month deadline is short; valuation and reliefs are complex — get a 税理士 early."],"ja":["10か月の期限は短く、評価・軽減も複雑。早めに税理士へ。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-inheritance-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["gift-tax-in-japan","gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents"]},{"slug":"gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-gift-tax","nta-inheritance-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"gift-vs-inheritance","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-inheritance-tax"],"value":{"en":"Gift tax applies to lifetime transfers (¥1.1M annual exemption); inheritance tax applies at death (¥30M + ¥6M/heir exemption); the two are coordinated","ja":"贈与税は生前移転（年110万円控除）、相続税は死亡時（3,000万円＋600万円×相続人の控除）に課され、両者は連動する"}}]},"title":{"en":"Gift tax vs inheritance tax","ja":"贈与税と相続税の違い"},"summary":{"en":"Timing, exemptions, valuation, rates, and why planning requires advice.","ja":"時期・控除・評価・税率と、対策に助言が必要な理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Gift tax applies to transfers during life (¥1.1M annual exemption per recipient) while inheritance tax applies at death (¥30M + ¥6M per heir exemption); the two are coordinated — recent gifts can be pulled back into the estate — so lifetime gifting to reduce inheritance tax needs careful planning.","ja":"贈与税は生前の移転（受贈者ごと年110万円控除）、相続税は死亡時（3,000万円＋600万円×相続人の控除）に課されます。両者は連動し、直近の贈与は相続財産に持ち戻され得るため、相続税を減らす生前贈与には慎重な計画が必要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Gift tax = lifetime transfers; inheritance tax = transfers at death.","Different exemptions and rate structures.","Recent gifts can be added back to the taxable estate.","A settlement-type election links lifetime gifts to the estate."],"ja":["贈与税＝生前移転、相続税＝死亡時の移転。","控除と税率構造が異なる。","直近の贈与は課税遺産に持ち戻され得る。","相続時精算課税は生前贈与を相続に連動させる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"compare","heading":{"en":"How they compare","ja":"比較"},"body":{"en":["Gift tax targets transfers you make while alive, with a ¥1.1M annual per-recipient exemption and rates to 55%; inheritance tax targets what passes at death, with a ¥30M + ¥6M-per-heir exemption. People sometimes gift during life to reduce the eventual estate, but the systems are coordinated so this cannot simply bypass inheritance tax."],"ja":["贈与税は生前に行う移転が対象で、受贈者ごと年110万円の控除と最高55%の税率、相続税は死亡時に移る財産が対象で、3,000万円＋600万円×相続人の控除です。将来の遺産を減らすため生前贈与をする人もいますが、両制度は連動しており、単純に相続税を回避することはできません。"]}},{"id":"planning","heading":{"en":"Why planning needs advice","ja":"対策に助言が必要な理由"},"body":{"en":["Gifts made within a look-back period before death can be brought back into the taxable estate, and a settlement-type (相続時精算課税) election deliberately links lifetime gifts to the eventual inheritance calculation. Valuation, timing, and family circumstances all interact. Because a well-meant gifting plan can backfire, model it with a tax accountant."],"ja":["死亡前の一定期間内の贈与は課税遺産に持ち戻され得え、相続時精算課税を選択すると生前贈与が相続計算に意図的に連動します。評価・時期・家族状況が相互作用します。善意の贈与計画が裏目に出ることもあるため、税理士とモデル化しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Families planning wealth transfer","People considering lifetime gifts"],"ja":["資産移転を計画する家族","生前贈与を検討する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["A specific succession plan (get advice)"],"ja":["個別の承継計画（専門家へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Recent gifts can be pulled back into the estate; lifetime gifting needs professional planning."],"ja":["直近の贈与は相続財産に持ち戻され得ます。生前贈与は専門家と計画を。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-gift-tax","nta-inheritance-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["gift-tax-in-japan","inheritance-tax-in-japan","inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents"]},{"slug":"inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-inheritance-tax","nta-nonresident"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"foreign-heir-scope","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-inheritance-tax"],"value":{"en":"Whether Japanese inheritance/gift tax reaches worldwide or only Japan-located assets depends on the domicile and status of the deceased and heir","ja":"日本の相続・贈与税が全世界財産か日本所在財産のみに及ぶかは、被相続人と相続人の住所・区分による"}}]},"title":{"en":"Inheritance tax for foreign residents and nonresident heirs","ja":"外国人・非居住者の相続税"},"summary":{"en":"Domicile and asset-location issues, foreign estates, treaties, and escalation.","ja":"住所と財産所在の論点・国外遺産・条約・専門家への相談。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"For foreigners, whether Japanese inheritance or gift tax covers worldwide assets or only Japan-located assets depends on the domicile, nationality, and status of the deceased and the heir — a fact-heavy, penalty-sensitive area that warrants professional review.","ja":"外国人の場合、日本の相続・贈与税が全世界財産に及ぶか日本所在財産のみかは、被相続人と相続人の住所・国籍・区分によります。事実関係が重く加算税リスクもあるため、専門家の確認が必要な分野です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Scope (worldwide vs Japan-located) depends on domicile, nationality, and status.","Both the deceased’s and the heir’s situation matter.","Foreign estates, translations, and valuations add complexity.","This is a mandatory professional-review area."],"ja":["課税範囲（全世界か日本所在か）は住所・国籍・区分による。","被相続人と相続人の双方の状況が影響。","国外遺産・翻訳・評価が複雑さを増す。","必ず専門家の確認を要する分野。"]},"sections":[{"id":"scope","heading":{"en":"Whose assets, where","ja":"誰の財産が、どこまで"},"body":{"en":["Japanese inheritance and gift tax can reach worldwide assets or only Japan-located assets depending on categories tied to the domicile, nationality, and residence history of both the deceased/donor and the heir/recipient. Recent years have seen rule changes aimed at temporary foreign workers, so the exact scope for a given family is fact-specific and not intuitive."],"ja":["日本の相続・贈与税が全世界財産に及ぶか日本所在財産のみかは、被相続人/贈与者と相続人/受贈者の双方の住所・国籍・在住歴に紐づく区分によります。近年、一時的な外国人労働者を対象にした改正があり、特定の家族に対する正確な範囲は事実次第で直感に反します。"]}},{"id":"help","heading":{"en":"Get help early","ja":"早めに相談を"},"body":{"en":["Foreign estates require valuations, translations, and coordination with the other country’s rules, and any treaty must be checked. Mistakes are penalty-sensitive and the ten-month deadline is short. If a foreign resident or nonresident heir is involved, obtain professional review early — this is not a do-it-yourself area."],"ja":["国外遺産は評価・翻訳・相手国ルールとの調整が必要で、条約の確認も要します。誤りは加算税リスクがあり、10か月の期限は短いです。外国人居住者や非居住者の相続人が関わる場合は、早めに専門家の確認を受けましょう。自力で行う分野ではありません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Foreign families in Japan","Nonresident heirs of Japanese estates"],"ja":["日本の外国人家族","日本の遺産の非居住相続人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Purely domestic Japanese estates"],"ja":["純粋に国内の日本の遺産"]},"warnings":{"en":["Scope rules are intricate and penalty-sensitive; get professional review early."],"ja":["範囲のルールは複雑で加算税リスクも。早めに専門家の確認を。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-status"],"sources":["nta-inheritance-tax","nta-nonresident"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["inheritance-tax-in-japan","gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},{"slug":"automobile-taxes-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national-and-municipal","authorityIds":["tokyo-automobile-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"auto-taxes","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["tokyo-automobile-tax"],"value":{"en":"Vehicle ownership brings annual automobile tax plus acquisition, weight, and environmental-performance taxes at purchase and inspection","ja":"車の保有には毎年の自動車税に加え、購入・車検時の環境性能割・重量税等がかかる"}}]},"title":{"en":"Automobile taxes in Japan","ja":"日本の自動車関係税"},"summary":{"en":"Ownership, acquisition, weight, inspection, environmental classification, and notices.","ja":"保有・取得・重量・車検・環境性能・通知。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Owning a car brings an annual automobile tax (billed each spring to the owner as of April 1), plus environmental-performance and weight taxes at purchase and inspection — with amounts varying by engine size, weight, and environmental classification.","ja":"車の保有には、毎年の自動車税（4月1日の所有者に春に請求）に加え、購入・車検時の環境性能割・自動車重量税がかかり、金額は排気量・重量・環境性能で変わります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Annual automobile tax, billed to the April-1 owner.","Environmental-performance tax at acquisition.","Weight tax at purchase and at inspection (車検).","Amounts vary by engine size, weight, and environmental class."],"ja":["毎年の自動車税は4月1日の所有者に請求。","取得時に環境性能割。","購入・車検時に自動車重量税。","金額は排気量・重量・環境性能で変わる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"annual","heading":{"en":"Annual and purchase taxes","ja":"毎年の税と購入時の税"},"body":{"en":["The annual automobile tax (種別割) is billed each spring to whoever owns the vehicle on April 1, with the amount set by engine size (and a lighter kei-car regime). At purchase you pay an environmental-performance tax based on fuel efficiency and emissions, and automobile weight tax is charged at purchase and again at each shaken (inspection)."],"ja":["毎年の自動車税（種別割）は、4月1日時点の所有者に春に請求され、金額は排気量で決まります（軽自動車は軽い体系）。購入時は燃費・排出に応じた環境性能割を払い、自動車重量税は購入時と車検ごとに課されます。"]}},{"id":"vary","heading":{"en":"Classification and local rules","ja":"区分と地域ルール"},"body":{"en":["Environmental classification (eco-friendly vehicles) can reduce some of these taxes, and kei cars are administered locally with lower amounts. Rates and green-car reductions change, and administration is split between national and local bodies. Check current amounts for your vehicle class and municipality."],"ja":["環境性能による区分（エコカー）で一部の税が軽減され、軽自動車は地方が扱い金額も低めです。税率やエコカー減税は変わり、賦課は国と地方に分かれます。車種区分と自治体で当年の金額を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Car owners and buyers","People budgeting vehicle costs"],"ja":["車の所有者・購入者","車の費用を見込む方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Business fleet accounting"],"ja":["事業の車両の会計"]},"warnings":{"en":["Green-car reductions and rates change yearly; confirm current amounts."],"ja":["エコカー減税や税率は毎年変わります。当年の金額を確認。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["tokyo-automobile-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["types-of-taxes-in-japan","stamp-tax-in-japan","how-taxes-work-in-japan"]},{"slug":"stamp-tax-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-stamp-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"stamp-paper-documents","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-stamp-tax"],"value":{"en":"Stamp tax applies to specified paper documents (contracts, receipts) by their stated amount; purely electronic documents are generally outside it","ja":"印紙税は一定の紙の文書（契約書・領収書）に記載金額に応じて課される。純粋な電子文書は原則対象外"}}]},"title":{"en":"Stamp tax in Japan","ja":"日本の印紙税"},"summary":{"en":"Taxable paper documents, contract categories, stated amounts, and electronic documents.","ja":"課税文書・契約の区分・記載金額・電子文書。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Stamp tax is a tax on creating specified paper documents — such as real-estate and construction contracts, loan instruments, and large receipts — based on the document’s stated amount; purely electronic documents are generally outside the tax because no taxable paper is created.","ja":"印紙税は、不動産・請負契約、金銭消費貸借契約、高額の領収書など、一定の紙の文書を作成することに、記載金額に応じて課される税です。純粋な電子文書は、課税対象の紙が作成されないため原則対象外です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Charged on creating specified paper documents.","The amount depends on the document type and stated amount.","Common taxable docs: property/construction contracts, loans, large receipts.","Purely electronic documents are generally outside stamp tax."],"ja":["一定の紙の文書の作成に課税。","税額は文書の種類と記載金額による。","主な課税文書：不動産/請負契約・金銭貸借・高額の領収書。","純粋な電子文書は原則対象外。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what","heading":{"en":"What is taxable","ja":"課税対象"},"body":{"en":["Stamp tax attaches to the creation of specific paper instruments listed in the law — real-estate transfer and construction contracts, loan (金銭消費貸借) agreements, certain continuing business agreements, and receipts above a threshold. You pay by affixing revenue stamps to the document. The substance controls: calling a contract a “memorandum” does not avoid the tax if it is a taxable document."],"ja":["印紙税は、法律に列挙された特定の紙の文書の作成に課されます。不動産の譲渡・請負契約、金銭消費貸借契約、一定の継続的取引契約、一定額を超える領収書などです。文書に収入印紙を貼って納付します。実質で判断され、契約を「覚書」と呼んでも課税文書なら回避できません。"]}},{"id":"electronic","heading":{"en":"Electronic documents","ja":"電子文書"},"body":{"en":["Because the tax concerns the creation of a taxable paper document, purely electronic contracts and receipts are generally outside stamp tax — a reason many businesses moved to electronic contracting. Temporary reduced rates apply to qualifying real-estate and construction contracts. Confirm the current rate table and whether your document is taxable."],"ja":["この税は課税対象の紙の文書の作成に関するものであるため、純粋な電子の契約書や領収書は原則、印紙税の対象外です。多くの企業が電子契約に移行した理由の一つです。一定の不動産・請負契約には臨時の軽減税率があります。当年の税額表と、自分の文書が課税対象かを確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People signing property or loan contracts","Businesses issuing large receipts"],"ja":["不動産・ローン契約を結ぶ方","高額の領収書を発行する事業者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Everyday small receipts below the threshold"],"ja":["基準未満の日常の少額領収書"]},"warnings":{"en":["Substance controls — renaming a taxable document does not avoid stamp tax; check reduced-rate expiry dates."],"ja":["実質で判断され、名称変更では回避できません。軽減税率の期限も確認を。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-stamp-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","types-of-taxes-in-japan","automobile-taxes-in-japan"]},{"slug":"international-tourist-tax-and-departure-charges","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["mlit-tourist-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"tourist-tax","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["mlit-tourist-tax"],"value":{"en":"The International Tourist Tax applies on departures from Japan and is generally collected with the ticket; specific exemptions apply","ja":"国際観光旅客税は日本からの出国に課され、原則として航空券等と併せて徴収される。一定の免除あり"}}]},"title":{"en":"International Tourist Tax and departure charges","ja":"国際観光旅客税と出国時の負担"},"summary":{"en":"Applicable departures, exemptions, and ticket collection.","ja":"対象となる出国・免除・航空券での徴収。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The International Tourist Tax is a per-departure charge collected from people leaving Japan (usually added to your ticket price), with specific exemptions such as certain short transits and young children — confirm the current rules before you rely on them.","ja":"国際観光旅客税は、日本から出国する人に課される出国1回ごとの負担で、通常は航空券等に上乗せして徴収されます。短時間の乗継や幼児など一定の免除があり、利用前に当年のルールを確認してください。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A per-departure charge on leaving Japan.","Generally collected together with your ticket.","Specific exemptions apply (e.g., certain transits, young children).","Confirm the current rules and amount before travel."],"ja":["日本からの出国1回ごとの負担。","通常は航空券等と併せて徴収。","一定の免除あり（短時間の乗継・幼児など）。","渡航前に当年のルール・金額を確認。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how","heading":{"en":"How it applies","ja":"適用の仕方"},"body":{"en":["The International Tourist Tax is charged on departures from Japan and is generally collected by carriers as part of the ticket price, so most travelers pay it without a separate step. It applies broadly to people leaving Japan by air or sea, residents and visitors alike, subject to defined exemptions."],"ja":["国際観光旅客税は、日本からの出国に課され、通常は運送事業者が航空券等の代金に含めて徴収するため、多くの旅行者は別手続きなく負担します。航空・船舶で日本を出国する人に広く適用され、居住者・訪日者を問わず、定められた免除の対象を除きます。"]}},{"id":"exempt","heading":{"en":"Exemptions and verification","ja":"免除と確認"},"body":{"en":["Exemptions include certain short transit passengers, very young children, and some official or forced departures. Because rates, exemptions, and collection details can change, verify the current rules for your travel date — this is exactly the kind of temporary measure that should be re-checked before you rely on it."],"ja":["免除には、一定の短時間の乗継客、ごく幼い子ども、一部の公用や強制的な出国などがあります。税率・免除・徴収の詳細は変わり得るため、渡航日の当年ルールを確認しましょう。まさに、利用前に再確認すべき臨時的な措置です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Travelers leaving Japan","People planning frequent departures"],"ja":["日本を出国する旅行者","頻繁に出国する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Domestic-only travel"],"ja":["国内のみの移動"]},"warnings":{"en":["Rules and exemptions change — verify the current requirements before travel."],"ja":["ルールや免除は変わります。渡航前に当年の要件を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["mlit-tourist-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["types-of-taxes-in-japan","leaving-japan-tax-checklist","how-taxes-work-in-japan"]},{"slug":"when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-individual"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"escalation-triggers","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-individual"],"value":{"en":"Obtain a licensed tax accountant (税理士) for residence uncertainty, cross-border income, consumption-tax or invoice decisions, property sales, inheritance, notices, or missing records","ja":"居住判定の不確実性・国際所得・消費税/インボイスの判断・不動産売却・相続・通知・記録不足では税理士に依頼する"}}]},"title":{"en":"When to hire a tax accountant","ja":"税理士に依頼すべきとき"},"summary":{"en":"Residence uncertainty, cross-border income, consumption tax, property sales, inheritance, and notices.","ja":"居住判定・国際所得・消費税・不動産売却・相続・通知。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Hire a licensed tax accountant (税理士) when your situation is fact-heavy or high-risk: uncertain residency, income or assets in more than one country, a first consumption-tax or invoice decision, a property sale, an inheritance or large gift, a tax notice or audit, late years, or missing records.","ja":"事実関係が重い・リスクが高い場合は税理士に依頼しましょう。居住判定が不確実、複数国に所得や資産、消費税やインボイスの初回判断、不動産売却、相続や高額贈与、税務通知や調査、未申告年、記録不足などです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Residency, treaty, or non-permanent-resident uncertainty.","Income or assets in more than one country; foreign trusts/entities/pensions.","A first consumption-tax or qualified-invoice decision; incorporation.","A property sale, inheritance, large gift, tax notice, audit, or late years."],"ja":["居住・条約・非永住者の判定が不確実。","複数国の所得・資産、国外の信託/法人/年金。","消費税やインボイスの初回判断、法人化。","不動産売却・相続・高額贈与・税務通知・調査・未申告年。"]},"sections":[{"id":"triggers","heading":{"en":"Clear escalation triggers","ja":"明確な相談の合図"},"body":{"en":["Get a 税理士 promptly when residence, domicile, non-permanent-resident status, or treaty residence is uncertain; when income or assets exist in more than one country; when a foreign company, trust, pension, or insurance wrapper is involved; when equity compensation spans countries; when you may face exit tax; when you own inherited or long-held property without complete cost records; when approaching consumption-tax registration or the invoice decision; or when paying family members or incorporating."],"ja":["次の場合は速やかに税理士へ。居住・住所・非永住者・条約居住の判定が不確実、複数国に所得や資産、国外の法人・信託・年金・保険が関与、株式報酬が複数国にまたがる、出国税の可能性、取得費資料の乏しい相続・長期保有の不動産、消費税登録やインボイスの判断が近い、家族への給与や法人化を検討する場合です。"]}},{"id":"notices","heading":{"en":"Notices, disputes, and missing records","ja":"通知・争い・記録不足"},"body":{"en":["Also escalate when there is an inheritance, substantial gift, business succession, or nonresident heir; when returns are late, records are incomplete, or income was omitted; when the NTA or a municipality has issued an inquiry, correction, audit notice, assessment, demand, or seizure warning; or when Japanese-language limits prevent you from understanding declarations signed under your name. Verify a practitioner is an actively registered 税理士 before engaging."],"ja":["相続・高額贈与・事業承継・非居住相続人がある場合、申告が遅れ・記録が不完全・所得の申告漏れがある場合、国税庁や自治体から照会・更正・調査通知・賦課・督促・差押え予告が出た場合、日本語の制約で自分名義の申告内容を理解できない場合も相談を。依頼前に、現に登録された税理士かを確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone with a complex or high-risk tax situation","People facing notices or audits"],"ja":["複雑・高リスクな税務状況の方","通知や調査に直面する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Simple one-employer returns"],"ja":["単純な1か所給与の申告"]},"warnings":{"en":["Only a licensed 税理士 can give regulated tax advice and represent you — verify active registration."],"ja":["規制された税務助言と代理ができるのは税理士のみ。登録の有無を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-individual","zeirishi-dot-com"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan","japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},{"slug":"types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-individual"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant (税理士) must review the rates, thresholds, and cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に、税理士が税率・基準額・国際課税範囲を確認する必要があります。"},"reviewAfter":"2026-12-31","claims":[{"id":"professional-scopes","kind":"rule","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-individual"],"value":{"en":"Only a licensed tax accountant (税理士) may provide regulated tax advice; other professionals (社労士, 司法書士, 行政書士, lawyer) have distinct, non-interchangeable scopes","ja":"規制された税務助言ができるのは税理士のみ。社労士・司法書士・行政書士・弁護士は各々別の業務範囲で互換性はない"}}]},"title":{"en":"Types of financial and legal professionals in Japan","ja":"日本の士業・専門家の種類"},"summary":{"en":"Tax accountant, labor/social-security attorney, judicial scrivener, administrative scrivener, lawyer, and planner.","ja":"税理士・社労士・司法書士・行政書士・弁護士・FP。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Japan’s professions have distinct, non-interchangeable scopes: a tax accountant (税理士) gives regulated tax advice; a 社労士 handles labor/social insurance; a 司法書士 handles registrations; a 行政書士 handles administrative filings; a lawyer handles disputes; and a US CPA/EA handles US obligations.","ja":"日本の士業は互換性のない別々の業務範囲を持ちます。税理士は規制された税務助言、社労士は労働・社会保険、司法書士は登記、行政書士は行政手続き、弁護士は紛争、米国のCPA/EAは米国の義務を扱います。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["税理士 (tax accountant): regulated tax advice and representation.","社会保険労務士: employment and social-insurance matters.","司法書士: many registrations; 行政書士: specified administrative filings.","Lawyer: legal disputes; US CPA/EA/attorney: US obligations."],"ja":["税理士：規制された税務助言・代理。","社会保険労務士：雇用・社会保険。","司法書士：登記など、行政書士：行政手続き。","弁護士：法的紛争、米国CPA/EA/弁護士：米国の義務。"]},"sections":[{"id":"scopes","heading":{"en":"Who does what","ja":"各士業の役割"},"body":{"en":["A licensed tax accountant (税理士) is the only professional who can provide regulated tax advice and represent you before the tax authorities. A labor and social-security attorney (社会保険労務士) handles employment and social-insurance matters; a judicial scrivener (司法書士) handles many registrations (including property title); an administrative scrivener (行政書士) handles specified administrative filings; and an attorney (弁護士) handles legal disputes. A financial planner advises on planning but is not a tax agent."],"ja":["税理士は、規制された税務助言を行い税務当局に対して代理できる唯一の専門家です。社会保険労務士は雇用・社会保険、司法書士は登記（不動産登記を含む）、行政書士は所定の行政手続き、弁護士は法的紛争を扱います。ファイナンシャルプランナーは資産計画の助言はできますが、税務代理人ではありません。"]}},{"id":"coordinate","heading":{"en":"Coordinating and verifying","ja":"連携と確認"},"body":{"en":["Because scopes are not interchangeable, a complex matter may need several professionals — for example, a property sale by a US person could involve a 税理士, a 司法書士 for registration, and a US CPA/EA. Bookkeepers, software support staff, and translators cannot perform regulated tax-accountant work. Always verify active registration and confirm scope, fees, language, and data handling before engaging."],"ja":["業務範囲は互換性がないため、複雑な案件では複数の専門家が必要になります。例えば米国人の不動産売却なら、税理士、登記の司法書士、米国のCPA/EAが関わり得ます。記帳代行・ソフトのサポート・翻訳者は税理士業務を行えません。依頼前に、登録の有無を確認し、業務範囲・報酬・言語・データの取扱いを確かめましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People choosing a professional","Anyone with a multi-disciplinary matter"],"ja":["専門家を選ぶ方","複数分野にまたがる案件の方"]},"notFor":{"en":["A specific professional recommendation"],"ja":["個別の専門家の推薦"]},"warnings":{"en":["Bookkeepers, planners, and translators cannot give regulated tax advice — only a 税理士 can."],"ja":["記帳代行・FP・翻訳者は規制された税務助言をできません。税理士のみです。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-individual","zeirishi-dot-com"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant","taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},{"slug":"how-to-start-investing-japan","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How to start investing in Japan","ja":"日本で投資を始める方法"},"summary":{"en":"A step-by-step order of operations: build a financial base, open the right account, choose one low-cost fund, and automate it.","ja":"手順を追って解説：生活防衛資金づくり、口座選び、低コスト投信を1本選び、自動積立にするまで。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Build an emergency fund and clear expensive debt first, then open a NISA at a low-cost broker, buy one diversified low-cost index fund, and automate a monthly amount you can sustain.","ja":"まず生活防衛資金を確保し高金利の借金を返済。次に低コストの証券会社でNISAを開き、分散された低コストのインデックス投信を1本買い、無理のない金額で毎月自動積立にします。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Investing comes after liquid savings and high-interest debt repayment, not before.","For most residents, NISA is the first account to fund; iDeCo suits locked-in retirement money.","A single global index fund diversifies across thousands of companies with almost no maintenance.","A sustainable ¥5,000/month beats ¥100,000/month that you are forced to stop and sell.","Automate the purchase so investing no longer needs a monthly decision."],"ja":["投資は、流動性のある貯蓄と高金利借金の返済の「後」です。","多くの居住者はまずNISAを使い、老後まで固定できる資金はiDeCoが向きます。","全世界株式インデックス投信1本で、数千社に分散でき、手間はほぼゼロです。","売却を迫られる月10万円より、続けられる月5,000円のほうが優れています。","買付を自動化すれば、毎月の判断が不要になります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"prepare","heading":{"en":"Step 1–3: Prepare before you invest","ja":"ステップ1〜3：投資の前の準備"},"body":{"en":["Before buying anything, secure enough liquid cash for foreseeable expenses and emergencies, and repay expensive consumer debt such as card revolving balances. A market decline should never force you to sell investments to pay ordinary bills. A simple completion test: could you cover several months of essential spending without touching a brokerage account?","Next, check whether your employer offers matching contributions or an unusually attractive corporate pension. Employer money you would otherwise forfeit generally beats starting your own account first. Only then move to your own tax-advantaged account."],"ja":["何かを買う前に、予見できる支出と緊急時に備えた現金を確保し、カードのリボ残高など高金利の消費者ローンを返済します。相場下落時に、生活費のために投資を売る事態は避けるべきです。判断基準はシンプルです。証券口座に触れずに、数か月分の必須支出をまかなえますか？","次に、勤務先にマッチング拠出や特に有利な企業年金がないか確認します。放置すれば失う会社の拠出は、自分の口座を先に始めるより有利なことが多いです。その後に、自分の税制優遇口座へ進みます。"]}},{"id":"choose-account-broker","heading":{"en":"Step 4–5: Choose your account and broker","ja":"ステップ4〜5：口座と証券会社を選ぶ"},"body":{"en":["For most residents the first account is NISA, Japan’s tax-free investment wrapper: qualifying gains and dividends are exempt from Japanese tax, with a ¥1.2m recurring allowance plus a ¥2.4m growth allowance each year and an ¥18m lifetime limit. iDeCo suits money you can lock until retirement in exchange for an up-front income-tax deduction. A taxable \"specified account\" holds anything beyond those limits.","Choose a broker on total cost, product range, tax-account support, language, and departure policy — not on the lowest headline commission or a temporary point rate. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui are common first comparisons for a self-directed resident; Interactive Brokers Japan has the clearest verified end-to-end English."],"ja":["多くの居住者の最初の口座はNISA（非課税の投資制度）です。対象の利益・配当は日本の課税が非課税で、年間つみたて枠120万円＋成長投資枠240万円、生涯1,800万円が上限です。iDeCoは、掛金の所得控除と引き換えに老後まで固定できる資金に向きます。これらの枠を超える分は課税の「特定口座」で保有します。","証券会社は、表面上の最安手数料や一時的なポイント率ではなく、総コスト・商品ラインナップ・税務口座対応・言語・出国時の取扱いで選びます。自分で運用する居住者には、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井がよく比較対象になり、英語対応が明確に確認できるのはインタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券です。"]}},{"id":"first-order-automate","heading":{"en":"Step 6–8: Buy one fund and automate it","ja":"ステップ6〜8：投信を1本買い、自動化する"},"body":{"en":["A strong default for a long horizon is a single broadly diversified, low-cost global-equity index fund, optionally combined with cash or bonds according to how much loss you can tolerate. This is not because global equities are guaranteed to win, but because one fund spreads across many countries and companies with little maintenance.","Place a modest first purchase so you understand how fund orders, net asset value, and settlement work, then enable a recurring monthly purchase. Recurring investing is a budgeting and behavioural tool — it does not prevent loss, but it removes the monthly decision and reduces the temptation to time the market."],"ja":["長期の基本形は、幅広く分散された低コストの全世界株式インデックス投信1本で、許容できる損失に応じて現金や債券を組み合わせます。全世界株式が必ず勝つからではなく、1本で多くの国・企業に分散でき、手間がかからないためです。","まず少額で買付し、投信の注文・基準価額・受渡しの仕組みを理解してから、毎月の自動積立を設定します。積立は家計管理と行動面のツールであり、損失を防ぐものではありませんが、毎月の判断をなくし、相場を当てようとする誘惑を減らします。"]}},{"id":"maintain","heading":{"en":"Step 9: Maintain lightly","ja":"ステップ9：軽く維持する"},"body":{"en":["Review the whole portfolio once or twice a year and after major life events, not after every headline. Rebalance toward your target weights using new contributions where possible, keep annual transaction reports for tax, and revisit the plan when income, family, or residency changes. The aim is a plan you can hold through a severe decline, not one you constantly adjust."],"ja":["ポートフォリオ全体は年1〜2回と大きなライフイベント時に見直し、ニュースのたびには動かしません。可能な限り新規の積立で目標配分に戻し、税務のため年間取引報告書を保管し、収入・家族・在留状況が変わったら計画を再確認します。目的は、常に調整する計画ではなく、大きな下落でも持ち続けられる計画です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["New residents ready to move from saving to investing","People who want a clear order of operations"],"ja":["貯蓄から投資へ進む準備ができた居住者","明確な手順を知りたい人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone without an emergency fund or with high-interest debt","Readers seeking specific security recommendations"],"ja":["生活防衛資金がない、または高金利の借金がある人","個別銘柄の推奨を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Investment value can fall; this is education, not advice, and returns are never guaranteed."],"ja":["投資価値は下落します。これは教育情報で助言ではなく、リターンは保証されません。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund","nisa-eligibility"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","ideco-official","fsa-registry"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["what-is-nisa","saving-vs-investing","choosing-a-brokerage-japan","investment-risk-explained"]},{"slug":"saving-vs-investing","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Saving vs investing in Japan","ja":"日本における貯蓄と投資の違い"},"summary":{"en":"When cash, time deposits, and JGBs are the right tool, and when investing for growth makes sense.","ja":"現金・定期預金・個人向け国債が適する場面と、成長を狙う投資が理にかなう場面。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Save money you may need soon in cash or deposits; invest only money you will not need for years and can watch fluctuate. Matching each goal to a time horizon is the core decision.","ja":"近く使うかもしれないお金は現金・預金で貯め、数年使わず値動きに耐えられるお金だけを投資に回します。各目標を時間軸に合わせることが核心です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Saving prioritises stability and instant access; investing accepts uncertainty for potential growth.","Cash has no nominal loss but can lose purchasing power when prices rise faster than interest.","Short-term goals (under ~3 years) belong in cash or short deposits, not markets.","Bank deposits are insured up to ¥10m of principal per bank; foreign-currency deposits usually are not.","Do not invest your emergency fund — it needs to be reliable, not high-returning."],"ja":["貯蓄は安定性と即時の換金性を、投資は不確実性を受け入れて成長の可能性を重視します。","現金は額面上の損失はないものの、物価上昇が金利を上回ると購買力が下がります。","短期の目標（おおむね3年未満）は相場ではなく現金・短期預金に置きます。","銀行預金は1行あたり元本1,000万円まで保護され、外貨預金は通常対象外です。","生活防衛資金は投資しない——高利回りより「確実さ」が必要です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"spectrum","heading":{"en":"The cash-to-investment spectrum","ja":"現金から投資までの連続体"},"body":{"en":["Money sits on a spectrum from most liquid and stable to least. Ordinary deposits give instant access and stability but little return. Time deposits fix a rate for a term, adding predictability at the cost of early-withdrawal restrictions. Retail Japanese Government Bonds (JGBs) offer government-backed principal, a ¥10,000 minimum, monthly issuance, and a minimum-rate provision, but low expected return and an early-redemption adjustment. Investments — shares, funds, bonds beyond JGBs, and property securities — offer higher expected return but fluctuating value and no principal guarantee.","The right tool is not the highest return; it is the one that matches when you will need the money and how much fluctuation you can tolerate along the way."],"ja":["お金は「流動性と安定性が最も高い」ものから「最も低い」ものまで連続しています。普通預金は即時換金と安定性が高い一方、リターンはわずかです。定期預金は期間中の金利を固定して予測可能性を高めますが、途中解約に制限があります。個人向け国債は、政府による元本保証、最低1万円、毎月発行、下限金利の仕組みがありますが、期待リターンは低く、途中換金には調整があります。株式・投信・国債以外の債券・不動産証券などの投資は、期待リターンは高い一方、価値は変動し元本保証はありません。","適切な手段は「最も高いリターン」ではなく、「いつお金が必要か」と「途中の変動にどれだけ耐えられるか」に合うものです。"]}},{"id":"inflation","heading":{"en":"Why \"no nominal loss\" is not \"no risk\"","ja":"「額面で減らない」＝「無リスク」ではない"},"body":{"en":["Cash feels safe because its yen number does not fall. But if prices rise 2% while your deposit earns near 0%, the same yen buys less next year — a real loss in purchasing power even though the balance is unchanged. This inflation risk is the main argument for investing money with a long horizon, where growth assets have historically outpaced cash over long periods (without any guarantee they will continue to).","The mirror-image mistake is investing money you will need soon: a temporary market decline can force a sale at a bad price. Both errors come from mismatching money to its time horizon."],"ja":["現金は数字が減らないため安全に感じます。しかし物価が2%上がる一方で預金金利がほぼ0%なら、同じ金額で翌年に買えるものは減ります——残高は同じでも、購買力という点では実質的な損失です。このインフレリスクが、長期の資金を投資する主な理由で、成長資産は長期では現金を上回ってきました（今後も続く保証はありません）。","逆の誤りは、近く使う資金を投資することです。一時的な下落で、悪い価格での売却を迫られます。いずれも「お金と時間軸の不一致」から生じます。"]}},{"id":"match","heading":{"en":"Matching money to goals — an example","ja":"お金を目標に合わせる——具体例"},"body":{"en":["A house deposit needed in three years generally stays in cash or short-duration safe assets, because a 30% equity fall just before purchase would be devastating. Retirement money needed in thirty years can tolerate equity volatility, because there is time to recover. A single allocation for every goal is a common mistake: separate your emergency fund, near-term goals, and long-term goals, and use a different tool for each.","A practical split: keep several months of expenses plus any goal due within about three years in deposits; invest only the surplus you will not touch for years."],"ja":["3年後に必要な住宅頭金は、通常は現金や短期の安全資産に置きます。購入直前に株式が30%下落すれば致命的だからです。30年後の老後資金は、回復する時間があるため株式の変動に耐えられます。すべての目標に同じ配分を当てるのはよくある誤りです。生活防衛資金・近い目標・長期目標を分け、それぞれに別の手段を使います。","実務的な分け方：数か月分の生活費と、約3年以内に使う目標資金は預金に。数年間触れない余剰分だけを投資に回します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone deciding how much cash to hold vs invest","Savers unsure whether to start investing"],"ja":["現金と投資の配分を考えている人","投資を始めるか迷う貯蓄者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People needing all money accessible within months","Readers wanting specific fund picks"],"ja":["全資金を数か月以内に使う必要がある人","具体的な銘柄選択を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Deposit insurance and JGB terms have limits and conditions — verify current figures before relying on them."],"ja":["預金保険や国債の条件には上限・要件があります。利用前に最新の数値を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["dic-deposit-insurance","mof-jgb-individual","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["how-to-start-investing-japan","investment-risk-explained","investment-accounts-japan-compared"]},{"slug":"investment-risk-explained","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Investment risk explained","ja":"投資リスクの基本"},"summary":{"en":"Volatility vs permanent loss, the main types of risk, and how to translate a stock allocation into a possible yen loss.","ja":"価格変動と恒久的損失の違い、主なリスクの種類、株式配分を「起こり得る円ベースの損失」に置き換える方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Risk is not one thing: volatility is temporary fluctuation, while permanent loss is different. The practical question is whether you could hold a plan while a ¥10m portfolio temporarily fell to ¥6m.","ja":"リスクは一つではありません。価格変動は一時的な揺れで、恒久的損失は別物です。実務的な問いは「1,000万円が一時的に600万円へ下落しても計画を保てるか」です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Volatility (temporary price swings) is not the same as permanent loss of capital.","Separate risk capacity (ability to lose), tolerance (willingness), and need (return required).","Constrain a portfolio by the lowest of capacity, tolerance, and need.","A 100%-equity portfolio can fall ~50% in a severe market; a 60% equity mix falls roughly ~30%.","A 30% fall requires a ~43% gain to recover — losses and recoveries are asymmetric."],"ja":["価格変動（一時的な揺れ）は、資本の恒久的損失とは異なります。","リスク許容度を「耐えられる財務力（キャパシティ）」「感情的な意思」「必要リターン」に分けます。","ポートフォリオは、キャパシティ・意思・必要の「最も低いもの」で制約します。","全額株式は厳しい相場で約50%下落し得ます。株式60%なら概ね約30%です。","30%の下落は回復に約43%の上昇が必要——損失と回復は非対称です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"types","heading":{"en":"The main types of risk","ja":"リスクの主な種類"},"body":{"en":["Market risk is the broad rise and fall of prices. Company (specific) risk is a single issuer failing — diversification reduces it. Credit risk is a borrower defaulting. Liquidity risk is being unable to sell at a fair price when you need cash. Currency risk is exchange-rate movement changing the yen value of foreign assets. Inflation risk is purchasing power eroding even without a nominal loss.","A crucial distinction: volatility is a temporary change in value that may reverse, while permanent loss (a bankruptcy, or selling at the bottom) is not recoverable. Diversification and time address volatility far better than they address a permanent, concentrated bet that fails."],"ja":["市場リスクは価格全体の上下です。個別（企業固有）リスクは特定の発行体の破綻で、分散で軽減できます。信用リスクは借り手の債務不履行です。流動性リスクは、現金が必要なときに適正価格で売れないことです。為替リスクは、為替変動が外貨資産の円価値を変えることです。インフレリスクは、額面上の損失がなくても購買力が失われることです。","重要な区別：価格変動は反転し得る一時的な価値の変化ですが、恒久的損失（倒産や底値での売却）は取り戻せません。分散と時間は、失敗する集中投資よりも、価格変動に対してはるかに有効です。"]}},{"id":"three-risks","heading":{"en":"Capacity, tolerance, and need","ja":"キャパシティ・許容度・必要"},"body":{"en":["Three separate ideas govern how much risk to take. Risk capacity is your financial ability to withstand loss — a young worker with secure income has high capacity; a retiree drawing down has low capacity. Risk tolerance is your emotional willingness to endure a fall without abandoning the plan. Risk need is the return your goal actually requires.","A portfolio should normally be constrained by the lowest of the three. Someone with high capacity but low tolerance who sells in every crash is effectively a low-tolerance investor, and should size equities accordingly."],"ja":["とるべきリスク量を決めるのは3つの別々の考えです。リスクキャパシティは損失に耐える財務的な力で、安定収入のある若手は高く、取り崩し期の退職者は低くなります。リスク許容度は、下落しても計画を捨てずに耐える感情的な意思です。リスク必要度は、目標が実際に必要とするリターンです。","ポートフォリオは通常、この3つのうち最も低いもので制約します。キャパシティは高くても許容度が低く、暴落のたびに売る人は、実質的に低許容度の投資家であり、株式比率をそれに合わせるべきです。"]}},{"id":"loss-translation","heading":{"en":"Translating allocation into a yen loss","ja":"配分を円ベースの損失に置き換える"},"body":{"en":["Labels like \"moderate\" or \"aggressive\" are less useful than a concrete calculation. Assuming equities fall 50% in a severe market (before bond or currency effects), the approximate portfolio decline is: 20% equity → about −10%; 40% equity → about −20%; 60% equity → about −30%; 80% equity → about −40%; 100% equity → about −50%.","Now make it personal. Would a ¥10m portfolio temporarily falling to ¥6m (a 60% equity mix) cause you to abandon the plan and sell? Recoveries are asymmetric too: a 30% fall needs a ~43% gain to return to breakeven, and a 50% fall needs a 100% gain. If the honest answer is \"I would sell,\" reduce the equity share until the modelled loss is one you could hold through."],"ja":["「中程度」「積極的」といったラベルより、具体的な計算のほうが役立ちます。厳しい相場で株式が50%下落すると仮定すると（債券・為替効果を除く）、ポートフォリオの概算下落率は、株式20%→約−10%、40%→約−20%、60%→約−30%、80%→約−40%、100%→約−50%です。","自分ごとにしましょう。1,000万円（株式60%）が一時的に600万円へ下落したら、計画を捨てて売りますか？回復も非対称で、30%の下落は約43%、50%の下落は100%の上昇で元に戻ります。正直に「売ってしまう」なら、耐えられる想定損失になるまで株式比率を下げます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors choosing a stock/bond mix","Anyone who panics in downturns"],"ja":["株式・債券の比率を決める投資家","下落局面で動揺しやすい人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People wanting a guaranteed-return product","Readers seeking a single \"optimal\" allocation"],"ja":["元本保証の商品を求める人","唯一の「最適配分」を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["These are illustrative calculations, not forecasts. Actual declines can be larger and last longer."],"ja":["これは例示の計算であり予測ではありません。実際の下落はより大きく長期化することがあります。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jipf-protection"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["diversification-asset-allocation","saving-vs-investing","how-to-start-investing-japan"]},{"slug":"diversification-asset-allocation","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Diversification and asset allocation","ja":"分散投資と資産配分"},"summary":{"en":"How spreading risk across companies, countries, currencies, and asset classes works, and why allocation matters more than fund picking.","ja":"企業・国・通貨・資産クラスに分散する仕組みと、銘柄選びより資産配分が重要な理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Diversification spreads exposure across many companies, sectors, countries, and asset classes so no single failure sinks you; your stock/bond/cash split (asset allocation) is usually a bigger decision than which similar index fund you choose.","ja":"分散投資は、企業・業種・国・資産クラスに広げ、単一の失敗で沈まないようにします。株式・債券・現金の比率（資産配分）は、似たインデックス投信のどれを選ぶかより重要な判断です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Diversify across companies, sectors, countries, currencies, and asset classes.","Asset allocation (the stock/bond/cash mix) usually drives risk more than fund selection.","A single global equity index fund already diversifies across thousands of companies.","Home-country bias overweights Japan and its single-currency, export-heavy economy.","Diversification reduces company-specific risk but cannot remove market-wide losses."],"ja":["企業・業種・国・通貨・資産クラスに分散します。","資産配分（株式・債券・現金の比率）は、銘柄選びよりリスクを左右します。","全世界株式インデックス投信1本で、すでに数千社に分散されています。","自国バイアスは、単一通貨・輸出主体の日本経済に偏りがちです。","分散は企業固有リスクを下げますが、市場全体の下落は消せません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"dimensions","heading":{"en":"The dimensions of diversification","ja":"分散の各次元"},"body":{"en":["Diversification means not depending on any single outcome. Across companies and sectors, it protects you if one firm or industry fails. Across countries, it reduces dependence on one economy or political system. Across currencies, it means your wealth is not tied only to the yen. Across asset classes — equities, bonds, cash, and REITs — it blends holdings that do not all fall together.","A broad global equity index fund handles the company, sector, and country dimensions in one purchase. Adding bonds or cash addresses the asset-class dimension and lowers overall volatility."],"ja":["分散とは、単一の結果に依存しないことです。企業・業種の分散は、1社や1業界の失敗から守ります。国の分散は、単一の経済や政治体制への依存を下げます。通貨の分散は、資産を円だけに結び付けないことです。資産クラス（株式・債券・現金・REIT）の分散は、同時には下落しにくい資産を組み合わせます。","幅広い全世界株式インデックス投信は、企業・業種・国の次元を1回の購入でカバーします。債券や現金を加えると資産クラスの次元に対応し、全体の変動を下げます。"]}},{"id":"allocation-first","heading":{"en":"Allocation is the bigger decision","ja":"配分こそ重要な判断"},"body":{"en":["The split among stocks, bonds, and cash is usually a larger risk decision than choosing between two similar index funds. Moving from 100% equities to 60% equities changes your severe-market loss from roughly −50% to roughly −30% — a far bigger effect than a 0.05% difference in fund fees. Decide your allocation first, based on time horizon and how much loss you can hold through, then choose low-cost funds to implement it.","Three illustrative profiles: a conservative investor might hold more bonds and cash and a minority in equities; a balanced investor a roughly even growth/stability split; a growth investor mostly equities. None is universally correct — the right one is the one you can keep during a crash."],"ja":["株式・債券・現金の比率は、似たインデックス投信のどちらを選ぶかより大きなリスク判断です。全額株式から株式60%へ移すと、厳しい相場の損失が概ね−50%から−30%へ変わります。これは信託報酬0.05%の差よりはるかに大きな効果です。まず時間軸と耐えられる損失に基づいて配分を決め、それを実現する低コスト投信を選びます。","例として3つの型：保守的な人は債券・現金を多めに株式を少数に、バランス型は成長と安定をおおむね均等に、成長型は主に株式にします。普遍的な正解はなく、暴落時に保てるものが自分にとっての正解です。"]}},{"id":"home-bias","heading":{"en":"Home-country bias and its limits","ja":"自国バイアスとその限界"},"body":{"en":["It is natural to over-invest in what is familiar. A Japan-only portfolio concentrates you in one country, a single-currency environment, and an economy heavy in industrials, financials, and exporters. A modest Japan tilt can make sense if your future spending is in yen, but a global core spreads risk across many economies and sectors.","Finally, remember diversification’s limit: in a crisis, correlations rise and most assets can fall together. Diversification reduces the risk of any one holding wrecking your plan; it does not promise a positive year."],"ja":["身近なものに過度に投資するのは自然です。日本のみのポートフォリオは、単一の国・通貨環境に集中し、工業・金融・輸出企業に偏った経済にさらされます。将来の支出が円中心なら日本を少し多めにするのは合理的ですが、全世界のコアは多くの経済・業種にリスクを広げます。","最後に分散の限界です。危機時には相関が高まり、多くの資産が同時に下落し得ます。分散は「単一の保有が計画を壊すリスク」を下げますが、プラスの年を約束するものではありません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors building their first portfolio","Anyone over-concentrated in one stock or country"],"ja":["最初のポートフォリオを組む投資家","1銘柄・1国に集中しすぎている人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Traders seeking concentrated single-stock bets","Readers wanting a guaranteed allocation"],"ja":["個別株への集中投資を狙うトレーダー","保証された配分を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Diversification reduces but never eliminates risk; broadly diversified portfolios still fall in market-wide declines."],"ja":["分散はリスクを下げますが消しません。十分に分散しても市場全体の下落では値下がりします。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["investment-risk-explained","active-vs-passive-investing","how-to-start-investing-japan"]},{"slug":"compound-growth","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Compound growth explained","ja":"複利の効果をわかりやすく"},"summary":{"en":"How returns build on returns, the difference between contributions and growth, and why fees, taxes, and inflation matter.","ja":"利益が利益を生む仕組み、拠出と運用益の違い、手数料・税金・インフレが重要な理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Compounding means returns generate further returns, so time and consistent contributions matter enormously — but fees, taxes, and inflation quietly reduce the real result.","ja":"複利とは利益がさらに利益を生むことで、時間と継続的な拠出が大きく効きます。ただし手数料・税金・インフレは実質の結果を静かに削ります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Compounding rewards time in the market more than the size of any single contribution.","Early on, your contributions dominate; over decades, growth can exceed contributions.","Nominal returns ignore inflation; real (after-inflation) returns are what buy things.","A 1% annual fee on ¥10m is ~¥100,000 a year before compounding — costs compound too.","These are deterministic illustrations, not forecasts; real returns are irregular."],"ja":["複利は、単発の拠出額より「市場にいる時間」を大きく報います。","初期は拠出が大半を占め、数十年では運用益が拠出を上回ることがあります。","名目リターンはインフレを無視します。実際に物を買えるのは実質（インフレ後）リターンです。","1,000万円への年1%の手数料は複利前で年約10万円——コストも複利で効きます。","これは確定的な例示で予測ではありません。実際のリターンは不規則です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"mechanism","heading":{"en":"How compounding works","ja":"複利の仕組み"},"body":{"en":["When an investment earns a return and you keep it invested, next period’s return is calculated on the larger balance. Repeated over years, this snowballs. A one-time ¥1,000,000 invested and left to compound annually would grow to roughly: at 3%, about ¥1.34m after 10 years, ¥1.81m after 20, and ¥2.43m after 30; at 5%, about ¥1.63m / ¥2.65m / ¥4.32m; at 7%, about ¥1.97m / ¥3.87m / ¥7.61m.","The pattern is that higher assumed returns and longer periods both matter, and the later years contribute disproportionately — which is why starting earlier, even with small amounts, is powerful."],"ja":["投資が利益を生み、それを投資に残すと、次の期のリターンはより大きな残高に対して計算されます。年を重ねると雪だるま式に増えます。100万円を一度投資し年複利で放置すると、概算で、3%なら10年後約134万円・20年後181万円・30年後243万円、5%なら約163万・265万・432万円、7%なら約197万・387万・761万円になります。","傾向として、想定リターンが高いほど、期間が長いほど効き、後半の年ほど寄与が大きくなります。だからこそ、少額でも早く始めることが強力なのです。"]}},{"id":"contributions-vs-growth","heading":{"en":"Contributions vs investment growth","ja":"拠出と運用益"},"body":{"en":["Monthly investing shows the same effect. At an assumed 5% annual return compounded monthly, investing ¥30,000 at each month-end would produce roughly ¥4.66m after 10 years, ¥12.33m after 20, and ¥24.97m after 30. Your own contributions over those periods total ¥3.6m, ¥7.2m, and ¥10.8m — so in the early years most of the balance is your own money, but by year 30 investment growth exceeds everything you paid in.","This is why persistence beats intensity: continuing a modest amount for decades lets growth do the heavy lifting, whereas stopping and restarting resets the clock."],"ja":["毎月の積立でも同じ効果が現れます。年5%（月複利）と仮定し、毎月末に3万円を積み立てると、概算で10年後約466万円、20年後1,233万円、30年後2,497万円になります。各期間の自分の拠出合計は360万・720万・1,080万円で、初期は残高の大半が自分のお金ですが、30年目には運用益が拠出総額を上回ります。","だから「強度」より「継続」が勝ります。控えめな額を数十年続ければ成長が主役になりますが、中断と再開は時計を巻き戻します。"]}},{"id":"costs","heading":{"en":"Fees, taxes, and inflation","ja":"手数料・税金・インフレ"},"body":{"en":["Compounding cuts both ways. A 1% annual fee on a ¥10m portfolio is about ¥100,000 in the first year, but because that money is no longer invested, the drag compounds over decades into a much larger sum. This is the core case for low-cost index funds and for tax-free wrappers like NISA, where qualifying gains escape the usual 20.315% Japanese tax.","Finally, distinguish nominal from real returns. A 5% nominal return with 2% inflation is only about 3% in real purchasing power. When planning, label your return as an assumption, and consider the real figure — the one that actually determines what your money can buy."],"ja":["複利は両刃です。1,000万円への年1%の手数料は初年度で約10万円ですが、そのお金はもう投資されないため、数十年でこのマイナスが複利で大きく膨らみます。これが低コストのインデックス投信や、対象の利益が通常の20.315%課税を免れるNISAのような非課税制度の核心的な根拠です。","最後に名目と実質を区別します。名目5%でインフレ2%なら、実質の購買力では約3%です。計画では、リターンは「仮定」と明記し、実際に買える力を決める実質値も考えます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Beginners deciding how much and how early to invest","People comparing fund costs"],"ja":["いつ・いくら投資するか決める初心者","投信のコストを比較する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone treating the illustrations as guaranteed returns","Short-term traders"],"ja":["例示を保証されたリターンと捉える人","短期トレーダー"]},"warnings":{"en":["All figures are deterministic illustrations at assumed rates. Real returns vary year to year and can be negative."],"ja":["数値はすべて仮定利率での確定的な例示です。実際のリターンは年ごとに異なり、マイナスにもなり得ます。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["how-to-start-investing-japan","lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing","taxes-on-investments-japan"]},{"slug":"lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Lump sum vs monthly investing","ja":"一括投資と積立投資"},"summary":{"en":"When investing a lump sum makes sense, what dollar-cost averaging really does, and a practical decision framework.","ja":"一括投資が理にかなう場面、ドルコスト平均法の実際の役割、そして実務的な判断の枠組み。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Investing a lump sum maximises time in the market and is coherent if you already have the money and a long horizon; staging it over months reduces regret and entry-date concentration but leaves money uninvested. Recurring investing is mainly a budgeting and behavioural tool, not loss protection.","ja":"一括投資は市場にいる時間を最大化し、既に資金があり長期なら合理的です。数か月に分けると後悔や購入時期の集中を減らせますが、その分は投資されずに残ります。積立は主に家計・行動のツールで、損失を防ぐものではありません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A lump sum invested now maximises exposure and is economically coherent for long horizons.","Staging entry over 6–12 months reduces behavioural regret and single-date concentration.","Dollar-cost averaging buys more units when prices are low and fewer when high — but loss is still possible.","Recurring investing is a budgeting/behaviour tool, not a mechanism that prevents loss.","The right choice depends on the money you have, your horizon, and your reaction to an early fall."],"ja":["今の一括投資は市場への露出を最大化し、長期では経済的に合理的です。","6〜12か月に分けると、行動面の後悔と購入時期の集中を減らせます。","ドルコスト平均法は安いとき多く・高いとき少なく買いますが、損失は起こり得ます。","積立は家計・行動のツールで、損失を防ぐ仕組みではありません。","最適解は、手元資金・時間軸・早期下落への反応で決まります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"lump","heading":{"en":"The case for a lump sum","ja":"一括投資の根拠"},"body":{"en":["If you already hold the money, have a long horizon, and can tolerate an immediate decline, investing it all at once is economically coherent: markets rise more often than they fall over long periods, so more time invested tends to help. The risk is timing — investing everything just before a large drop feels terrible, even if it is the right long-run decision.","A lump sum is most appropriate for money that is genuinely surplus and long-term. It is not appropriate for cash you may need soon, which belongs in deposits regardless of this debate."],"ja":["既に資金があり、長期で、直後の下落に耐えられるなら、一度に全額投資するのは経済的に合理的です。長期では相場は下がるより上がる頻度が高く、投資期間が長いほど有利に働きやすいためです。リスクはタイミングで、大きな下落の直前に全額を入れると、長期的に正しくても心情的につらいものです。","一括投資は、本当に余剰で長期の資金に最も適します。近く使う可能性のある現金には適さず、この議論に関係なく預金に置くべきです。"]}},{"id":"staging","heading":{"en":"Staging and dollar-cost averaging","ja":"分割投資とドルコスト平均法"},"body":{"en":["Spreading a lump sum over six or twelve months reduces the chance of putting everything in at a single bad price and softens regret, at the cost of leaving part of the money uninvested (and historically often underperforming an immediate lump sum, because markets rise more than they fall). Dollar-cost averaging — investing a fixed yen amount repeatedly — automatically buys more units when prices are low and fewer when high, but it does not remove the possibility of loss.","The key correction to a common myth: recurring investing does not \"reduce risk\" in the sense of preventing losses. Its real value is behavioural and practical — it turns investing into a habit and removes the pressure to predict the perfect entry point."],"ja":["一括を6〜12か月に分けると、単一の悪い価格で全額を入れる確率を下げ、後悔を和らげます。代わりに一部は投資されずに残り、歴史的には即時の一括に劣ることも多いです（相場は下がるより上がるため）。ドルコスト平均法（一定額を繰り返し投資）は、安いとき多く・高いとき少なく自動で買いますが、損失の可能性を消しはしません。","よくある誤解の訂正：積立は「損失を防ぐ」意味でリスクを下げるものではありません。その真価は行動面・実務面にあり、投資を習慣化し、完璧な買い時を当てる重圧を取り除きます。"]}},{"id":"framework","heading":{"en":"A practical decision framework","ja":"実務的な判断の枠組み"},"body":{"en":["Use this framework. For a windfall you already hold (bonus, inheritance) that is truly long-term: a lump sum is defensible, but staging over a few months is a reasonable compromise if a sharp early fall would make you sell. For money arriving each month from salary: recurring investing is the natural fit — you invest as you earn.","Example: with ¥1,000,000 to invest and a 20-year horizon, a lump sum or a 6-month stage-in are both reasonable; investing ¥30,000 from each monthly salary is simply the ongoing habit. Pick the option you can actually stick to through a downturn."],"ja":["この枠組みを使います。既に手元にあり本当に長期の臨時収入（賞与・相続）なら、一括は妥当ですが、早期の急落で売ってしまいそうなら数か月の分割も合理的な妥協です。給与として毎月入るお金なら、稼ぎながら投資する積立が自然です。","例：投資可能な100万円と20年の時間軸があるなら、一括でも6か月分割でも妥当です。毎月の給与から3万円を投じるのは、継続の習慣そのものです。下落局面でも続けられる方を選びましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People with a windfall to invest","Monthly salary investors deciding on a method"],"ja":["臨時収入を投資する人","毎月の給与で方法を決める人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone expecting DCA to prevent losses","People investing money needed short-term"],"ja":["積立で損失を防げると期待する人","短期で使う資金を投資する人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Neither method guarantees a gain. Both can lose money if markets fall."],"ja":["どちらの方法も利益を保証しません。相場が下がればどちらも損失が出ます。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["compound-growth","how-to-start-investing-japan","investment-risk-explained"]},{"slug":"active-vs-passive-investing","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Active vs passive investing","ja":"アクティブ運用とパッシブ運用"},"summary":{"en":"Index funds vs active management vs individual stock picking, and why costs and turnover matter for long-term results.","ja":"インデックス投信・アクティブ運用・個別株選びの違いと、長期の結果でコストと売買回転が重要な理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Passive index funds track a market at very low cost; active funds try to beat it but charge more and often underperform after fees. Most beginners use low-cost index funds as a core, adding anything active only as a deliberate satellite.","ja":"パッシブなインデックス投信は市場を極めて低コストで追随します。アクティブ投信は上回ろうとしますが手数料が高く、費用差引後は下回ることが多いです。多くの初心者は低コストのインデックスを核にし、アクティブは意図的なサテライトとしてのみ加えます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Index (passive) funds aim to match a benchmark at very low cost.","Active funds aim to beat a benchmark but charge higher fees and trade more.","After fees and turnover, many active funds underperform their benchmark over long periods.","Individual stock picking concentrates risk and demands research most beginners cannot sustain.","A core-and-satellite approach keeps a low-cost index core and limits active bets to a small sleeve."],"ja":["インデックス（パッシブ）投信は、指数を極めて低コストで追随します。","アクティブ投信は指数を上回ろうとしますが、手数料が高く売買も多くなります。","費用と回転を差し引くと、長期では多くのアクティブ投信が指数を下回ります。","個別株選びはリスクを集中させ、多くの初心者が続けられない調査を要します。","コア・サテライト戦略は、低コストのインデックスを核にし、アクティブを小さく抑えます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"definitions","heading":{"en":"Index, active, and stock picking","ja":"インデックス・アクティブ・個別株"},"body":{"en":["A passive index fund seeks to track a published benchmark — for example a global or S&P 500 index — holding the index’s constituents so your return closely matches the market minus a small fee. An active fund employs managers who select securities to try to beat a benchmark. Individual stock picking is doing that selection yourself.","The trade-off is cost and dispersion of outcomes. Index funds are cheap and predictable relative to their benchmark; active strategies carry higher fees, higher turnover, and a wide range of possible results — some beat the market, many do not."],"ja":["パッシブなインデックス投信は、公表された指数（例：全世界株やS&P500）を追随し、指数構成銘柄を保有することで、あなたのリターンが「市場−わずかな手数料」に近づきます。アクティブ投信は、運用者が銘柄を選び指数を上回ろうとします。個別株選びは、その選択を自分で行うことです。","トレードオフはコストと結果のばらつきです。インデックスは安価で指数に対し予測可能ですが、アクティブは手数料と売買回転が高く、結果の幅が広く——市場を上回るものもあれば、下回るものも多いです。"]}},{"id":"costs","heading":{"en":"Why costs and turnover matter","ja":"コストと売買回転が重要な理由"},"body":{"en":["Fees compound against you. A fund charging 1.5% versus 0.1% surrenders about 1.4% of your balance every year, which over decades can consume a large fraction of your growth. High turnover also generates trading costs and, outside NISA, taxable events. Because the average active fund holds roughly the market before costs, subtracting higher fees is why many underperform their benchmark over long horizons.","This is not a claim that active management can never work — some funds do beat their index — but that identifying them in advance is hard, and the cost drag is a reliable headwind. For a core holding, a transparent low-cost index fund is the simpler, cheaper default."],"ja":["手数料は不利に複利で効きます。信託報酬1.5%と0.1%の差は毎年約1.4%を失うことに相当し、数十年では成長の大きな部分を食います。売買回転が高いと取引コストが増え、NISA外では課税イベントも生じます。アクティブ投信は平均すればコスト前で市場並みを保有するため、高い手数料を差し引くと長期で多くが指数を下回ります。","これはアクティブ運用が決して機能しないという主張ではありません（指数を上回る投信もあります）。ただし事前に見分けるのは難しく、コストの重しは確実な逆風です。核となる保有には、透明で低コストのインデックス投信が、より単純で安価な基本形です。"]}},{"id":"core-satellite","heading":{"en":"When active may make sense — core and satellite","ja":"アクティブが妥当な場面——コアとサテライト"},"body":{"en":["Active choices can be reasonable as a deliberate, limited \"satellite\" — for exposures an index does not capture, or a strategy you understand and want. The discipline is to keep the bulk of the portfolio in a low-cost index \"core\" and cap the active or single-stock sleeve at a size whose failure you could absorb.","The most common beginner mistake is the reverse: selecting funds by last year’s return and ending up with a scattered collection of overlapping, expensive, actively chosen products. Decide the core first; treat everything else as an intentional exception."],"ja":["アクティブな選択は、意図的で限定的な「サテライト」としては妥当です——指数が捉えない露出や、理解して望む戦略などです。規律は、ポートフォリオの大半を低コストのインデックス「コア」に置き、アクティブや個別株の部分を、失敗しても吸収できる規模に抑えることです。","初心者が最も陥る誤りは逆で、昨年のリターンで投信を選び、重複した高コストのアクティブ商品の寄せ集めになることです。まずコアを決め、それ以外は意図的な例外として扱いましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors choosing between index and active funds","People tempted by top-performing fund lists"],"ja":["インデックスとアクティブで迷う投資家","成績上位の投信リストに惹かれる人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Professional traders with an edge they can document","Readers wanting specific fund recommendations"],"ja":["文書化できる優位性を持つプロトレーダー","具体的な投信の推奨を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Past performance does not predict future relative returns; a top-ranked fund can lag next year."],"ja":["過去の成績は将来の相対リターンを予測しません。上位の投信も翌年は劣後し得ます。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["diversification-asset-allocation","how-to-start-investing-japan","what-is-nisa"]},{"slug":"currency-risk-yen","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"The yen and currency risk","ja":"円と為替リスク"},"summary":{"en":"How foreign assets move with both their price and the exchange rate in yen terms, and how a weak or strong yen changes your returns.","ja":"外貨資産が「価格」と「為替」の両方で円ベースの価値を変える仕組みと、円安・円高がリターンをどう変えるか。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A foreign asset held by a yen investor moves with both its own price and the yen exchange rate: a weaker yen lifts the yen value of foreign holdings, a stronger yen lowers it — so global funds carry currency risk on top of market risk.","ja":"円で保有する外貨資産は「資産価格」と「円相場」の両方で動きます。円安は外貨資産の円価値を押し上げ、円高は押し下げます。全世界型の投信は市場リスクに加えて為替リスクを負います。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Yen return on a foreign asset = asset price change combined with exchange-rate change.","A weaker yen raises the yen value of unhedged foreign assets; a stronger yen reduces it.","A yen-listed ETF can still carry underlying foreign-currency exposure.","Currency diversification can be a feature (spreading beyond the yen), not only a risk.","FX spreads on conversions and unhedged funds are a real, recurring cost to check."],"ja":["外貨資産の円リターン＝資産価格の変化と為替変動の組み合わせ。","円安は為替ヘッジなし外貨資産の円価値を上げ、円高は下げます。","円建てで上場するETFでも、原資産は外貨建ての露出を持ち得ます。","通貨分散は（円だけに偏らない）長所でもあり、リスクだけではありません。","両替の為替スプレッドやヘッジなし投信のコストは、確認すべき実在の継続費用です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"two-forces","heading":{"en":"Two forces move a foreign asset","ja":"外貨資産を動かす2つの力"},"body":{"en":["When a yen-based investor owns a foreign asset — say a US stock fund — the yen value depends on two things: how the asset performs in its own currency, and how the yen moves against that currency. Both can push the same way or offset each other. A US fund could rise in dollars while a strengthening yen erases the gain in yen terms, or a weak yen could add to a dollar gain.","This is why \"unhedged\" global funds are described as giving exposure to foreign assets plus exchange-rate movement. It is not a flaw — it is simply an extra source of return and risk you should understand before buying."],"ja":["円ベースの投資家が外貨資産（例：米国株式投信）を持つと、円価値は2つで決まります。資産が自国通貨でどう動くか、そして円がその通貨に対しどう動くかです。両者は同方向にも相殺方向にも働きます。米国投信がドルで上昇しても、円高が円ベースの利益を打ち消すこともあれば、円安がドルの利益に上乗せすることもあります。","だから「ヘッジなし」の全世界型投信は、外貨資産に加えて為替変動の露出を与える、と説明されます。欠点ではなく、購入前に理解すべき「もう一つのリターンとリスクの源泉」です。"]}},{"id":"scenarios","heading":{"en":"Weak-yen and strong-yen scenarios","ja":"円安・円高のシナリオ"},"body":{"en":["Consider a foreign holding worth the equivalent of ¥1,000,000. If the asset price is flat but the yen weakens 10% against that currency, the yen value rises to about ¥1,100,000; if the yen strengthens 10%, it falls to about ¥900,000 — all before any change in the asset itself. Over the past several years a notably weak yen flattered the yen returns of unhedged foreign funds; a future reversal would work the other way.","A subtle but common confusion: a fund or ETF that trades in yen on a Japanese exchange can still hold foreign-currency assets underneath. Trading currency is not the same as underlying economic currency exposure — check what the fund actually holds, not just how it is quoted."],"ja":["円換算で100万円相当の外貨資産を考えます。資産価格が横ばいでも、円がその通貨に対し10%安くなれば円価値は約110万円へ、10%高くなれば約90万円へ——資産自体は動いていません。ここ数年は顕著な円安がヘッジなし外貨投信の円リターンを押し上げましたが、将来反転すれば逆に働きます。","微妙だがよくある混同：日本の取引所で円で売買される投信・ETFでも、その裏では外貨建て資産を保有し得ます。取引通貨と、原資産の経済的な通貨露出は別物です。どう建値されるかではなく、実際に何を保有しているかを確認しましょう。"]}},{"id":"managing","heading":{"en":"Managing currency exposure and cost","ja":"為替露出とコストの管理"},"body":{"en":["You have choices. Holding unhedged global assets gives currency diversification, which many long-horizon equity investors deliberately keep so their wealth is not tied only to the yen. A currency-hedged fund reduces exchange-rate movement but adds cost. Some investors match currency to future spending: if you will retire and spend in yen, a yen tilt or partial hedging can reduce mismatch.","Whatever you choose, count the costs. Converting yen to a foreign currency incurs an FX spread, and unhedged funds pass currency swings straight through. Compare a broker’s advertised conversion terms and a fund’s hedging policy before assuming \"zero-commission\" means \"zero cost.\""],"ja":["選択肢があります。ヘッジなしの全世界資産は通貨分散をもたらし、多くの長期の株式投資家は、資産を円だけに縛られないよう意図的に保持します。為替ヘッジ付き投信は為替変動を抑えますが、コストが増えます。将来の支出に通貨を合わせる人もいます。円で退職・支出するなら、円寄りや部分ヘッジで不一致を減らせます。","どれを選んでもコストを数えます。円から外貨への両替には為替スプレッドがかかり、ヘッジなし投信は為替変動をそのまま通します。「手数料無料」＝「コスト0」と決めつける前に、各社の両替条件と投信のヘッジ方針を比較しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors buying global or US funds from Japan","Anyone planning to spend in yen later"],"ja":["日本から全世界・米国投信を買う投資家","将来円で支出する予定の人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People needing a currency forecast","Readers seeking specific fund picks"],"ja":["為替予測を求める人","具体的な銘柄選択を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Exchange rates are unpredictable. Do not assume the recent trend continues in either direction."],"ja":["為替は予測できません。直近の傾向がどちらの方向でも続くと決めつけないでください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","diversification-asset-allocation","us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},{"slug":"currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Currency-hedged vs unhedged funds","ja":"為替ヘッジあり・なしの投信"},"summary":{"en":"How hedging works, what it costs, and why hedging often suits foreign bonds more than long-horizon equities.","ja":"為替ヘッジの仕組みとコスト、そしてヘッジが長期の株式より外国債券に向くことが多い理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A hedged fund uses derivatives to reduce exchange-rate movement, at a cost tied to interest-rate differences; hedging is often more compelling for lower-volatility foreign bonds than for long-horizon equities, where many investors keep currency diversification.","ja":"ヘッジ付き投信はデリバティブで為替変動を抑えますが、金利差に連動したコストがかかります。ヘッジは、変動の小さい外国債券には有利なことが多い一方、長期の株式では多くの投資家が通貨分散を保ちます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Hedging aims to strip out exchange-rate movement so returns track the asset in yen terms.","Hedging is not free: its cost depends largely on interest-rate differentials and implementation.","For foreign bonds, currency swings can dominate returns, so hedging often makes sense.","For long-horizon equities, some investors deliberately keep unhedged currency diversification.","Read the fund name and policy carefully — hedged and unhedged versions often share a brand."],"ja":["ヘッジは為替変動を取り除き、リターンが円ベースで資産に沿うようにします。","ヘッジは無料ではなく、コストは主に金利差と実装に依存します。","外国債券は為替変動がリターンを左右し得るため、ヘッジが妥当なことが多いです。","長期の株式では、あえてヘッジなしの通貨分散を保つ投資家もいます。","投信名と方針をよく読む——ヘッジあり・なしが同じブランド名で併存します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how","heading":{"en":"How hedging works","ja":"ヘッジの仕組み"},"body":{"en":["An unhedged foreign fund gives you the asset plus the exchange rate. A currency-hedged fund uses forward contracts or similar arrangements to offset most of the exchange-rate movement, so your yen return more closely reflects the asset’s performance in its own currency. The hedge is never perfect and it is not permanent — it is rolled over periodically.","Crucially, hedging has a cost that is not a fixed fee. It depends significantly on the interest-rate differential between the yen and the foreign currency: when foreign short-term rates are much higher than Japan’s, hedging that currency tends to be more expensive. This cost is separate from, and additional to, the fund’s expense ratio."],"ja":["ヘッジなしの外貨投信は「資産＋為替」を与えます。為替ヘッジ付き投信は、為替予約などで為替変動の大半を相殺し、円リターンが自国通貨での資産成績により近づくようにします。ヘッジは完全ではなく恒久的でもなく、定期的にロールされます。","重要な点として、ヘッジのコストは固定の手数料ではありません。円と外貨の金利差に大きく依存し、外貨の短期金利が日本より大幅に高いと、その通貨のヘッジは高くつく傾向があります。このコストは信託報酬とは別に上乗せされます。"]}},{"id":"bonds-vs-equity","heading":{"en":"Bonds vs equities","ja":"債券と株式"},"body":{"en":["The case for hedging is strongest where currency swings can overwhelm the asset’s own return. Foreign bonds are the classic example: their expected returns are modest, so a large exchange-rate move can dominate the result. If your reason for holding foreign bonds is yen stability, an unhedged version can defeat the purpose, and a hedged version is often more consistent with the goal.","For equities held over decades, the picture differs. Equity returns are large and volatile enough that currency is a smaller share of total risk, and many long-horizon investors deliberately retain unhedged foreign currency as diversification — a hedge against the yen itself weakening over their lifetime. Neither choice is universally right."],"ja":["ヘッジの根拠は、為替変動が資産自体のリターンを上回り得る場面で最も強くなります。外国債券は典型例で、期待リターンが控えめなため、大きな為替変動が結果を左右し得ます。外国債券を持つ理由が「円での安定」なら、ヘッジなしは目的に反することがあり、ヘッジ付きのほうが目的に沿いやすいです。","数十年保有する株式では様相が異なります。株式のリターンは大きく変動も大きいため、通貨は総リスクに占める割合が小さく、多くの長期投資家はあえてヘッジなしの外貨を分散として保ちます——生涯で円自体が弱くなることへの備えです。どちらの選択も普遍的な正解ではありません。"]}},{"id":"reading","heading":{"en":"Reading a fund’s hedging policy","ja":"投信のヘッジ方針を読む"},"body":{"en":["Many fund families offer both a hedged (為替ヘッジあり) and an unhedged (為替ヘッジなし) version of the same strategy under nearly identical names. Before buying, confirm which version you are holding, read the stated hedging policy in the prospectus, and note that the hedge ratio and cost can change.","A simple yen-return illustration: if a foreign bond returns 3% in its currency and the yen weakens 5%, the unhedged yen return is roughly 8%, while a hedged version aims for about 3% minus hedging cost; if the yen strengthens 5% instead, unhedged is roughly −2% while hedged still targets about 3% minus cost. Same asset, very different yen outcomes."],"ja":["多くの投信シリーズは、ほぼ同名で「為替ヘッジあり」と「為替ヘッジなし」の両版を提供します。購入前に、どちらを保有するか確認し、目論見書のヘッジ方針を読み、ヘッジ比率やコストが変わり得る点に留意します。","簡単な円リターンの例：外国債券が自国通貨で3%、円が5%安なら、ヘッジなしの円リターンは概ね8%、ヘッジ版は約3%−ヘッジコストを目指します。逆に円が5%高なら、ヘッジなしは概ね−2%、ヘッジ版は依然約3%−コストを狙います。同じ資産でも円ベースの結果は大きく異なります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors choosing between hedged and unhedged versions","People buying foreign bond funds"],"ja":["ヘッジあり・なしを選ぶ投資家","外国債券投信を買う人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone expecting hedging to remove all risk","Readers seeking a currency forecast"],"ja":["ヘッジで全リスクが消えると期待する人","為替予測を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Hedging reduces some currency movement but costs money and is imperfect; it is not a guarantee of yen stability."],"ja":["ヘッジは為替変動を一部抑えますが、コストがかかり不完全です。円での安定を保証しません。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["currency-risk-yen","diversification-asset-allocation","active-vs-passive-investing"]},{"slug":"investment-accounts-japan-compared","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Investment accounts in Japan compared","ja":"日本の投資口座を比較する"},"summary":{"en":"NISA, specified and general taxable accounts, iDeCo, corporate pensions, deposits, JGBs, and how they can combine.","ja":"NISA、特定・一般の課税口座、iDeCo、企業年金、預金、個人向け国債と、それらの組み合わせ方。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"NISA shelters qualifying gains from Japanese tax; taxable \"specified\" and \"general\" accounts hold everything else with different reporting; iDeCo and corporate pensions lock money for retirement in exchange for tax benefits. Most of these can be held at the same time.","ja":"NISAは対象の利益を日本の課税から守り、課税の「特定」「一般」口座はそれ以外を異なる申告方法で保有します。iDeCoや企業年金は税優遇と引き換えに老後まで資金を固定します。これらの多くは同時に保有できます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["NISA: tax-free qualifying gains, ¥3.6m/year, ¥18m lifetime — usually the first account to fund.","Specified account with withholding: broker calculates and withholds tax; often no filing needed.","Specified account without withholding / general account: you file, with rising recordkeeping burden.","iDeCo: contributions generally deductible, but money is locked until retirement age.","NISA can coexist with taxable accounts, iDeCo, corporate pensions, deposits, and JGBs."],"ja":["NISA：対象の利益が非課税、年360万円・生涯1,800万円——最初に使う口座になりがち。","特定口座（源泉徴収あり）：証券会社が計算・源泉徴収し、多くは申告不要。","特定口座（源泉徴収なし）／一般口座：自分で申告し、記録の負担が増えます。","iDeCo：掛金は原則所得控除だが、老後まで引き出せません。","NISAは課税口座・iDeCo・企業年金・預金・個人向け国債と併用できます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"nisa-taxable","heading":{"en":"NISA and taxable accounts","ja":"NISAと課税口座"},"body":{"en":["NISA is a tax wrapper: qualifying gains, dividends, and distributions are exempt from Japanese tax, with a ¥1.2m recurring allowance plus ¥2.4m growth allowance each year and an ¥18m lifetime acquisition-cost limit. Its trade-off is that NISA losses cannot offset taxable gains or be carried forward, and the product menu is limited.","Taxable accounts come in three forms. A specified account with withholding (特定口座・源泉徴収あり) has the broker calculate gains and withhold Japanese tax, so a return is often unnecessary. A specified account without withholding gives you an annual report but you normally file yourself. A general account (一般口座) requires you to calculate acquisition cost and taxable gain — the highest recordkeeping burden, used for assets the specified account cannot hold."],"ja":["NISAは非課税の「入れ物」で、対象の利益・配当・分配金が日本の課税を免れます。年間つみたて枠120万円＋成長投資枠240万円、生涯の取得価額上限1,800万円です。トレードオフとして、NISAの損失は課税利益と通算できず繰越もできません。商品も限定されます。","課税口座は3種類です。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は証券会社が損益を計算し源泉徴収するため、多くは申告不要です。源泉徴収なしは年間報告書が出ますが通常は自分で申告します。一般口座は取得価額と課税所得を自分で計算する必要があり、記録の負担が最も大きく、特定口座で扱えない資産に使います。"]}},{"id":"ideco-pensions","heading":{"en":"iDeCo, corporate pensions, and deposits","ja":"iDeCo・企業年金・預金"},"body":{"en":["iDeCo is a private defined-contribution pension: contributions are generally fully deductible from income, growth is tax-deferred, and retirement or pension deductions may apply on receipt — but the money is generally locked until eligible retirement age, minimum contributions are normally ¥5,000/month, and limits depend on employment and employer-pension coverage. Corporate DC and defined-benefit plans add employer funding and payroll integration, with employer-selected menus and withdrawal restrictions. (Scheduled changes from December 2026 broaden some iDeCo limits — verify current figures when enrolling.)","Alongside these sit cash tools: ordinary and time deposits (insured up to ¥10m principal per bank), retail JGBs (government-backed, ¥10,000 minimum, monthly issue, early-redemption adjustment), and foreign-brokerage or robo-advisor accounts. Each has a role; none replaces an emergency fund."],"ja":["iDeCoは私的な確定拠出年金で、掛金は原則全額所得控除、運用益は課税繰延、受取時に退職・年金控除が適用され得ますが、原則受給年齢まで固定され、最低拠出は通常月5,000円、上限は雇用形態や企業年金の加入状況で変わります。企業型DCや確定給付年金は、会社の拠出と給与連携が加わる一方、商品は会社が選び引き出しに制限があります（2026年12月からの改正で一部のiDeCo上限が拡大——加入時に最新値を確認）。","これらの傍らに現金系の手段があります。普通・定期預金（1行あたり元本1,000万円まで保護）、個人向け国債（政府保証・最低1万円・毎月発行・途中換金調整）、海外証券口座やロボアドバイザーです。それぞれ役割があり、いずれも生活防衛資金の代わりにはなりません。"]}},{"id":"combining","heading":{"en":"Which accounts can combine","ja":"どの口座を組み合わせられるか"},"body":{"en":["Most of these coexist. A common structure is: an emergency fund in deposits; NISA funded first for flexible tax-free growth; iDeCo added when the contribution deduction is valuable and lock-up acceptable; and a taxable specified account for anything beyond NISA limits, ineligible assets, loss-sensitive strategies, or active trading. NISA itself must be held at one eligible Japanese institution.","Think in terms of asset location: put assets you expect to grow long-term inside NISA to use the tax-free space efficiently, and place overflow, ineligible, or loss-harvesting positions in the taxable account where loss offsets are available."],"ja":["多くは併用できます。よくある構成は、生活防衛資金を預金に、柔軟な非課税成長のためまずNISA、掛金控除が有利で固定を許容できるならiDeCo、そしてNISA枠超過・対象外資産・損失を活かす戦略・アクティブ取引のための課税の特定口座、です。NISA自体は対象となる日本の金融機関1社で保有します。","「資産の置き場所」で考えます。長期で成長を見込む資産は非課税枠を有効活用するためNISAへ、超過分・対象外・損失通算を使うポジションは、損益通算が可能な課税口座へ置きます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents deciding which accounts to open","People with money beyond NISA limits"],"ja":["どの口座を開くか決める居住者","NISA枠を超える資金がある人"]},"notFor":{"en":["US taxpayers needing cross-border analysis first","Anyone seeking specific product recommendations"],"ja":["先に越境税務の検討が必要な米国納税者","具体的な商品推奨を求める人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Account rules, limits, and iDeCo reforms change — verify current figures with official sources before acting."],"ja":["口座の規則・上限・iDeCo改正は変わります。行動前に公式情報で最新値を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-vs-ideco-q","nisa-eligibility"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","ideco-official","nta-tokutei-account","mof-jgb-individual","dic-deposit-insurance"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["what-is-nisa","nisa-vs-ideco","taxes-on-investments-japan","saving-vs-investing"]},{"slug":"taxes-on-investments-japan","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Taxes on investments in Japan","ja":"日本の投資にかかる税金"},"summary":{"en":"The 20.315% rate on gains and dividends, how specified accounts work, loss carryforward, NISA exemptions, and foreign income.","ja":"利益・配当への20.315%課税、特定口座の仕組み、損失の繰越、NISAの非課税、外国所得の扱い。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Gains and qualifying dividends on listed securities are generally taxed at 20.315% in a taxable account; a specified account with withholding settles this automatically, losses can offset gains and carry forward three years, and NISA exempts qualifying returns entirely.","ja":"課税口座では上場証券の利益と対象配当は通常20.315%課税されます。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は自動精算し、損失は利益と通算し3年間繰り越せます。NISAは対象の利益を全額非課税にします。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Listed-securities gains and qualifying dividends are generally taxed at 20.315%.","A specified account with withholding usually removes the need to file for those trades.","Taxable losses can offset eligible gains/dividends and carry forward three years if you file.","NISA exempts qualifying gains and dividends, but NISA losses give no deduction.","Foreign dividends can face source-country withholding even inside NISA; foreign tax credits need filing."],"ja":["上場証券の利益と対象配当は、通常20.315%課税されます。","特定口座（源泉徴収あり）なら、その取引について通常は申告不要です。","課税口座の損失は対象の利益・配当と通算でき、申告すれば3年繰越可能です。","NISAは対象の利益・配当を非課税にしますが、NISAの損失は控除に使えません。","外国配当はNISA内でも源泉地国の課税があり得ます。外国税額控除は申告が必要です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rate-accounts","heading":{"en":"The rate and how accounts handle it","ja":"税率と口座ごとの扱い"},"body":{"en":["In a taxable securities account, gains on listed shares and funds and qualifying dividends are generally taxed at 20.315% (income tax, special reconstruction surtax, and local tax combined). How you pay depends on the account. A specified account with withholding (特定口座・源泉徴収あり) has the broker calculate and withhold the tax at source, so a tax return is often unnecessary for those transactions. A specified account without withholding gives you an annual transaction report to file with. A general account requires you to calculate acquisition cost and gain yourself.","NISA sits outside this: qualifying gains, dividends, and distributions are exempt from the 20.315% Japanese tax, which is the wrapper’s central benefit."],"ja":["課税の証券口座では、上場株式・投信の利益と対象配当は通常20.315%（所得税・復興特別所得税・住民税の合計）で課税されます。納め方は口座で決まります。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は証券会社が源泉で計算・徴収するため、その取引は多くの場合申告不要です。源泉徴収なしは年間取引報告書で申告します。一般口座は取得価額と利益を自分で計算します。","NISAはこの外にあり、対象の利益・配当・分配金は20.315%の日本の課税を免れます。これが制度の中心的な利点です。"]}},{"id":"losses","heading":{"en":"Losses, offsets, and carryforward","ja":"損失・通算・繰越"},"body":{"en":["In taxable accounts, qualifying listed-security losses can be offset against eligible gains and dividends, and — when the required tax returns are filed — carried forward for up to three years to offset future gains. This loss relief is a genuine advantage of taxable accounts that NISA does not provide: a loss realised inside NISA gives no deduction and cannot be carried forward, so you cannot tax-loss harvest in NISA.","If you use multiple brokers or a general account, keeping your own acquisition-cost records matters, because offsets and carryforward depend on correct, filed figures across accounts."],"ja":["課税口座では、対象の上場証券の損失を、対象の利益・配当と通算でき、必要な確定申告をすれば、将来の利益と相殺するため最大3年繰り越せます。この損失救済は、NISAにはない課税口座の実質的な利点です。NISA内で実現した損失は控除に使えず繰越もできないため、NISAで損失を活かした節税（タックスロスハーベスティング）はできません。","複数の証券会社や一般口座を使う場合、取得価額の記録を自分で残すことが重要です。通算と繰越は、口座をまたいだ正確な申告値に依存するためです。"]}},{"id":"foreign-filing","heading":{"en":"Foreign income and when to file","ja":"外国所得と申告が必要な場面"},"body":{"en":["Foreign dividends and gains can face source-country withholding in addition to Japanese tax outside NISA. For example, a US dividend may have US withholding even when received in NISA — NISA removes the Japanese tax, not the foreign one. Foreign tax credits may relieve some double taxation, but they generally require filing a Japanese return. A withholding account does not automatically solve foreign or cross-border obligations.","Even if qualifying NISA returns need no return, other income, foreign obligations, or a wish to claim loss offsets can require filing. Declared investment income can also interact with social-insurance or dependent calculations in some cases. Keep annual transaction reports and dividend statements, and get individual advice where cross-border tax is involved."],"ja":["外国の配当・利益は、NISA外では日本の課税に加えて源泉地国の課税があり得ます。例えば米国配当はNISA内でも米国の源泉徴収があり得ます——NISAは日本の税を消しますが、外国の税は消しません。外国税額控除で二重課税の一部を和らげられますが、通常は日本での確定申告が必要です。源泉徴収口座は、外国や越境の義務を自動的には解決しません。","対象のNISA利益は申告不要でも、他の所得・外国の義務・損失通算の希望があれば申告が必要になり得ます。申告した投資所得は、場合により社会保険や扶養の計算に影響します。年間取引報告書と配当明細を保管し、越境税務が絡む場合は個別に専門家へ相談してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors using taxable accounts alongside NISA","People with foreign dividends or gains"],"ja":["NISAと併せて課税口座を使う投資家","外国配当や利益がある人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone needing individual tax advice for a specific case","US taxpayers before cross-border review"],"ja":["特定事案の個別税務助言が必要な人","越境確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Tax rules and rates change and depend on individual facts; this is educational, not tax advice. Confirm with the NTA or a tax professional."],"ja":["税制・税率は変わり、個別事情に依存します。これは教育情報で税務助言ではありません。国税庁または税理士に確認してください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-us-citizen"],"sources":["nta-share-transfer","nta-listed-dividends","nta-loss-carryforward","nta-tokutei-account","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["investment-accounts-japan-compared","what-is-nisa","us-taxpayers-investing-japan","compound-growth"]},{"slug":"investing-as-foreign-resident","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Investing in Japan as a foreign resident","ja":"外国人居住者として日本で投資する"},"summary":{"en":"Residency vs nationality, opening a brokerage and NISA, documents, name matching, language, leaving Japan, and home-country obligations.","ja":"在留と国籍の違い、証券口座・NISAの開設、必要書類、氏名の一致、言語、出国、母国での義務。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A foreign national resident in Japan can generally open a brokerage account and NISA — eligibility is residence-based, not nationality-based — subject to each broker’s document, visa, and product policies; but Japanese eligibility never replaces home-country reporting.","ja":"日本に居住する外国籍の人は、通常、証券口座とNISAを開設できます——資格は国籍ではなく在留に基づきます——ただし各社の書類・在留資格・商品方針に従います。日本での資格は母国での申告義務の代わりにはなりません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["NISA eligibility is residence-based: a qualifying Japan resident can open it regardless of nationality.","You generally need a residence card, My Number, and a matching Japanese bank account.","Keep your Roman, katakana, and document names consistent to avoid rejection or failed linkage.","Confirm English support at each stage you need it: opening, trading, tax docs, incidents, departure.","Get the broker’s written departure procedure before leaving Japan; NISA generally cannot continue abroad."],"ja":["NISAの資格は在留基準：要件を満たす日本居住者は国籍を問わず開設できます。","通常、在留カード・マイナンバー・氏名が一致する日本の銀行口座が必要です。","ローマ字・カタカナ・書類上の氏名を一致させ、却下や連携失敗を防ぎます。","必要な各段階（開設・取引・税書類・トラブル・出国）で英語対応を確認します。","出国前に各社の出国手続を書面で入手。NISAは通常、海外では継続できません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"eligibility","heading":{"en":"Residency, not nationality","ja":"国籍ではなく在留"},"body":{"en":["NISA and Japanese brokerage eligibility turn on being a resident, not on holding Japanese nationality. A qualifying foreign national living in Japan can open a taxable account and NISA, subject to the institution’s identity, visa, residence-card, tax-residency, sanctions, and product policies. Dual nationality by itself does not disqualify a resident, though another country may still tax the income or require reporting.","Broker policies can be stricter than the tax statute. Some accept residence-card documentation fully online; others require postal processing for foreign nationals. Certain nationalities, sanctioned-country connections, or politically exposed status can trigger enhanced review or rejection, and these matrices are rarely published in full."],"ja":["NISAや日本の証券口座の資格は、日本国籍ではなく「居住者であること」で決まります。要件を満たす在日外国籍の人は、各社の本人確認・在留資格・在留カード・税務上の居住地・制裁・商品方針に従い、課税口座とNISAを開設できます。二重国籍だけでは失格になりませんが、別の国が所得課税や報告を求めることはあります。","各社の方針は税法より厳しいことがあります。在留カードで完全オンライン完結の会社もあれば、外国籍には郵送手続を要する会社もあります。特定の国籍・制裁対象国との関係・重要な公的地位（PEP）は、強化審査や却下の要因となり、これらの一覧が完全に公表されることはまれです。"]}},{"id":"opening","heading":{"en":"Opening: documents and name matching","ja":"開設：書類と氏名の一致"},"body":{"en":["Typical requirements are a Japan-resident address; identity evidence such as a My Number Card, residence card, driver’s licence, or passport in an accepted combination; My Number evidence; Japanese and foreign tax-residency declarations; a linked Japanese bank account in your name; and employment, insider, and source-of-funds information.","The single most common practical failure is name mismatch. Your Roman-letter name, katakana rendering, bank record, card, and residence card should match. Middle names, shortened forms, and different orderings across documents can cause rejection or a failed bank linkage. Also check that your residence card has enough remaining validity, since short validity can delay or prevent opening."],"ja":["一般的な要件は、日本の居住地住所、本人確認書類（マイナンバーカード・在留カード・運転免許証・パスポートの認められた組み合わせ）、マイナンバー、日本および外国の税務上の居住地の申告、本人名義の日本の銀行口座との連携、雇用・インサイダー・資金源の情報です。","実務で最も多い失敗は氏名の不一致です。ローマ字氏名・カタカナ表記・銀行記録・カード・在留カードを一致させます。ミドルネーム・省略形・順序の違いが、却下や銀行連携の失敗を招きます。在留カードの残存有効期間も確認します。短いと開設が遅れる・できないことがあります。"]}},{"id":"language-departure","heading":{"en":"Language, departure, and home-country tax","ja":"言語・出国・母国の税"},"body":{"en":["Confirm English support at the exact stage you need it — opening, trading, tax documents, security incidents, and departure — not just on a marketing page. Among providers verified in the research, Interactive Brokers Japan has the strongest confirmed end-to-end English; browser translation of a Japanese broker may work technically, but the legally controlling documents and support can remain Japanese.","Before leaving Japan, obtain the broker’s written departure procedure. NISA generally cannot continue after you become non-resident except in specific qualifying temporary-departure cases filed in advance, and even taxable accounts may or may not be maintained depending on the broker and destination. Finally, remember that Japanese eligibility does not replace home-country reporting — citizenship-based taxation, treaty rules, or foreign-asset reporting may apply elsewhere."],"ja":["必要な段階——開設・取引・税書類・セキュリティ事故・出国——で英語対応を、宣伝ページだけでなく確認します。調査で確認できた中では、インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券が一貫した英語対応が最も確実です。日本の証券会社のブラウザ翻訳は技術的には使えても、法的に有効な書類やサポートは日本語のままのことがあります。","出国前に各社の出国手続を書面で入手します。NISAは、事前申告した特定の一時出国の場合を除き、非居住者になると通常継続できません。課税口座さえ、会社と渡航先によって維持可否が分かれます。最後に、日本での資格は母国の申告義務の代わりにならない点を忘れずに——国籍課税・租税条約・外国資産報告が別の国で適用され得ます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Foreign residents opening a first Japanese brokerage or NISA","People unsure how long they will stay"],"ja":["最初の日本の証券口座・NISAを開く外国人居住者","滞在期間が不確かな人"]},"notFor":{"en":["US taxpayers before a cross-border product review","Non-residents seeking to open from abroad"],"ja":["越境の商品確認前の米国納税者","海外から開設したい非居住者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Broker acceptance depends on visa, tax residence, nationality, and product. Confirm departure and home-country rules before building a large balance."],"ja":["各社の受入は在留資格・税務上の居住地・国籍・商品で異なります。残高を大きくする前に出国・母国のルールを確認してください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-eligibility","nisa-leaving-japan"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa","fsa-registry","nta-individual"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["choosing-a-brokerage-japan","what-is-nisa","us-taxpayers-investing-japan","how-to-start-investing-japan"]},{"slug":"us-taxpayers-investing-japan","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Investing in Japan as a US citizen or taxpayer","ja":"米国市民・納税者として日本で投資する"},"summary":{"en":"Why NISA is not a US exemption, the PFIC problem with Japanese funds, FBAR and Form 8938, and a practical order of operations.","ja":"NISAが米国では非課税でない理由、日本の投信のPFIC問題、FBARとForm 8938、そして実務的な進め方。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"US citizens and resident aliens are taxed on worldwide income, so NISA gives no US exemption, and popular Japanese mutual funds can trigger punitive PFIC rules and Form 8621; NISA and brokerage accounts may also be reportable on FBAR and Form 8938. Get cross-border advice before buying a Japanese fund.","ja":"米国市民・居住外国人は全世界所得に課税されるためNISAは米国では非課税にならず、人気の日本の投信は懲罰的なPFIC規則とForm 8621を招き得ます。NISAや証券口座はFBARやForm 8938の報告対象にもなり得ます。日本の投信を買う前に越境の助言を受けてください。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The US taxes citizens and green-card holders on worldwide income, even while resident in Japan.","NISA is a Japanese statutory exemption, not a provision of the US tax code — no automatic US exemption.","Japanese mutual funds can be PFICs, potentially requiring a Form 8621 per fund and punitive taxation.","FBAR is required when aggregate foreign accounts exceed US$10,000; Form 8938 is separate with its own thresholds.","Many US persons find US-domiciled ETFs simpler than Japanese funds — but only after individual advice."],"ja":["米国は市民・グリーンカード保有者に、在日中でも全世界所得課税します。","NISAは日本の法定非課税で、米国税法の規定ではありません——米国での自動非課税はありません。","日本の投信はPFICになり得て、ファンドごとのForm 8621や懲罰的課税を招き得ます。","FBARは外国口座合計が1万米ドル超で必要。Form 8938は別で独自の基準があります。","多くの米国関係者は米国籍ETFのほうが単純と考えますが、個別助言の後で判断すべきです。"]},"sections":[{"id":"worldwide-nisa","heading":{"en":"Worldwide taxation and NISA","ja":"全世界課税とNISA"},"body":{"en":["A US citizen or resident alien generally reports worldwide income to the United States even while living in Japan. NISA is a Japanese statutory exemption, not a provision of the US Internal Revenue Code, so dividends, gains, and distributions inside NISA can still be reportable and taxable in the US. US reporting can apply whether or not you withdraw the money, and the foreign earned income exclusion generally covers earned income, not ordinary investment income.","This does not automatically make NISA worthless for a US person — it can still remove Japanese tax — but its US treatment depends heavily on what you hold inside it, which is where the real complications begin."],"ja":["米国市民・居住外国人は、在日中でも通常、全世界所得を米国に申告します。NISAは日本の法定非課税であって米国内国歳入法の規定ではないため、NISA内の配当・利益・分配金も米国では申告・課税対象になり得ます。米国の報告は引き出しの有無に関わらず適用され得て、外国稼得所得控除は通常、稼得所得を対象とし、通常の投資所得は対象外です。","これはNISAが米国関係者にとって無価値という意味ではありません——日本の税は消せます——が、米国での扱いは中に何を保有するかに大きく依存し、そこから本当の複雑さが始まります。"]}},{"id":"pfic","heading":{"en":"The PFIC problem with Japanese funds","ja":"日本の投信のPFIC問題"},"body":{"en":["A Japanese-domiciled mutual fund can be a Passive Foreign Investment Company (PFIC) because it is a foreign corporation earning mostly passive income or holding passive assets. A US shareholder may need a separate Form 8621 for each such fund, and punitive \"excess distribution\" taxation or complex elections can apply. Not every foreign investment is a PFIC — operating-company shares generally are not — but popular Japanese index funds should be presumed to require analysis rather than presumed safe.","A Japan-listed ETF has no universal answer either; many non-US fund vehicles warrant PFIC analysis. The practical consequence is that buying a low-cost Japanese mutual fund — the standard beginner move — can be exactly the wrong first step for a US person without advice."],"ja":["日本籍の投信は、主に受動的所得を稼ぐ・受動的資産を保有する外国法人であるため、PFIC（受動的外国投資会社）になり得ます。米国株主はそのファンドごとにForm 8621が必要になり得て、懲罰的な「超過分配」課税や複雑な選択（elections）が適用され得ます。すべての外国投資がPFICではなく——事業会社の株式は通常該当しません——が、人気の日本のインデックス投信は「安全」と決めつけず「要分析」と考えるべきです。","日本上場のETFにも一律の答えはなく、多くの非米国ファンドはPFIC分析を要します。実務上の帰結として、低コストの日本の投信を買うという初心者の定番が、助言のない米国関係者にとってはまさに誤った最初の一歩になり得ます。"]}},{"id":"reporting-hierarchy","heading":{"en":"FBAR, Form 8938, and an order of operations","ja":"FBAR・Form 8938・進め方"},"body":{"en":["Two reporting regimes commonly apply. FBAR (FinCEN Report 114) is required when a US person’s aggregate foreign financial accounts exceed US$10,000 at any time in the year; Japanese bank, brokerage, and certain fund accounts, including NISA, can count. Form 8938 is a separate FATCA filing with different thresholds and definitions — filing one does not replace the other, and filing does not by itself mean tax is due.","A practical US-person hierarchy: (1) confirm the broker accepts US persons — some, such as Rakuten, restrict foreign-stock trading for them; (2) do not buy a Japanese mutual fund until PFIC treatment is reviewed; (3) consider whether permitted US-domiciled ETFs or individual securities are simpler and appropriate; (4) review Japan tax, US tax, foreign tax credits, withholding, FBAR, Form 8938, estate tax, and state residence; (5) keep statements in both yen and US-dollar terms. The safest first step is a cross-border product and reporting review before buying anything."],"ja":["通常2つの報告制度が関わります。FBAR（FinCEN Report 114）は、年間のいずれかの時点で米国人の外国金融口座の合計が1万米ドルを超える場合に必要で、NISAを含む日本の銀行・証券・一部のファンド口座が対象になり得ます。Form 8938は別のFATCA申告で、基準と定義が異なります——一方を出しても他方の代わりにはならず、提出自体が納税を意味するわけでもありません。","実務的な米国関係者の順序：(1) その証券会社が米国人を受け入れるか確認（楽天など、米国人の外国株取引を制限する会社があります）、(2) PFICの扱いを確認するまで日本の投信を買わない、(3) 認められる米国籍ETFや個別証券のほうが単純で適切か検討、(4) 日本の税・米国の税・外国税額控除・源泉徴収・FBAR・Form 8938・遺産税・州の居住地を確認、(5) 明細を円と米ドルの両方で保管。最も安全な最初の一歩は、何かを買う前に越境の商品・報告レビューを行うことです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["US citizens and green-card holders resident in Japan","Anyone with US tax residence considering Japanese funds"],"ja":["在日の米国市民・グリーンカード保有者","日本の投信を検討する米国税務上の居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Non-US persons (see the general foreign-resident guide)","Readers seeking definitive tax classifications"],"ja":["米国関係者でない人（外国人居住者向けガイド参照）","確定的な税務分類を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["PFIC and reporting outcomes are fact-specific. This page does not classify any product or give tax advice — consult a qualified US–Japan cross-border tax professional before buying."],"ja":["PFICや報告の結論は個別事情によります。本ページは商品分類も税務助言もしません。購入前に日米越境税務の専門家に相談してください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-us-citizen"],"sources":["irs-pfic-8621","irs-form-8938","fincen-fbar","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["taxes-on-investments-japan","investing-as-foreign-resident","what-is-nisa","currency-risk-yen"]},{"slug":"nisa-complete-guide","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"NISA: the complete guide","ja":"NISA完全ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"What NISA is and is not, eligibility, both allowances, limits, eligible products, tax treatment, selling and reuse, dividends, and leaving Japan.","ja":"NISAとは何か・何でないか、資格、2つの枠、上限、対象商品、税務、売却と再利用、配当、出国まで。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"NISA is a Japanese tax wrapper — not a product or a guarantee — that exempts qualifying gains and dividends from Japanese tax, with a ¥1.2m recurring plus ¥2.4m growth allowance each year and an ¥18m lifetime acquisition-cost limit.","ja":"NISAは日本の非課税の「入れ物」で、商品でも保証でもありません。対象の利益・配当を日本の課税から外し、年つみたて枠120万円＋成長投資枠240万円、生涯の取得価額上限1,800万円です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["NISA is a tax wrapper, not an investment; what you hold inside determines your risk.","A Japan resident aged 18+ on January 1 may use one NISA institution per year.","Annual: ¥1.2m recurring + ¥2.4m growth (¥3.6m combined). Lifetime: ¥18m acquisition cost (¥12m growth sub-limit).","Qualifying gains and dividends are tax-free indefinitely; NISA losses give no deduction and no carryforward.","Selling restores lifetime capacity (at acquisition cost) from the next year — but not that year’s used annual allowance."],"ja":["NISAは投資そのものではなく非課税の入れ物。中の商品でリスクが決まります。","1月1日時点で18歳以上の日本居住者は、その年に1社でNISAを使えます。","年間：つみたて120万＋成長240万（合計360万）。生涯：取得価額1,800万（成長枠1,200万まで）。","対象の利益・配当は無期限で非課税。NISAの損失は控除も繰越もできません。","売却すると翌年から生涯枠が取得価額で復活——ただしその年に使った年間枠は戻りません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-it-is","heading":{"en":"What NISA is and is not","ja":"NISAとは何か・何でないか"},"body":{"en":["NISA (Nippon Individual Savings Account) is a statutory tax-exempt wrapper administered under FSA rules. It is not an investment product, not a savings account, and not a return guarantee — investments held inside it can and do lose money. Its single benefit is that qualifying gains, dividends, and distributions are exempt from the usual 20.315% Japanese tax, with an indefinite tax-free holding period.","Eligibility is residence-based: a Japan resident (or qualifying resident with a permanent establishment) who is at least 18 on January 1 of the account year may open one. Only one NISA institution can receive new purchases in a given year, though you may generally change institutions by year."],"ja":["NISA（少額投資非課税制度）は、金融庁の規則に基づく法定の非課税の入れ物です。投資商品でも預金でも収益保証でもなく、中の投資は損失を出し得ます。唯一の利点は、対象の利益・配当・分配金が通常の20.315%課税を免れ、非課税期間が無期限である点です。","資格は在留基準で、口座年の1月1日に18歳以上の日本居住者（または恒久的施設のある適格居住者）が開設できます。新規買付ができるNISA金融機関はその年1社のみですが、原則年単位で変更できます。"]}},{"id":"allowances","heading":{"en":"The two allowances and limits","ja":"2つの枠と上限"},"body":{"en":["NISA has two allowances you can use together. The recurring-investment allowance (つみたて投資枠) is up to ¥1.2m per year, limited to specified long-term, diversified investment trusts and qualifying ETFs on the FSA list. The growth-investment allowance (成長投資枠) is up to ¥2.4m per year for a wider range — eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and funds. Combined, the annual maximum is ¥3.6m.","The lifetime limit is ¥18m measured at acquisition cost, of which no more than ¥12m can be growth-allowance holdings. Crucially, allowance usage is measured by what you paid, not by current market value: a ¥1m purchase that rises to ¥1.6m still uses only ¥1m of lifetime capacity. Unused annual allowance does not carry forward."],"ja":["NISAには併用できる2つの枠があります。つみたて投資枠は年120万円までで、FSAのリストにある長期・分散型の投信と対象ETFに限られます。成長投資枠は年240万円までで、対象の上場株式・REIT・ETF・投信など幅広い対象です。合計の年間上限は360万円です。","生涯上限は取得価額で1,800万円、うち成長投資枠は1,200万円までです。重要なのは、枠の使用が「支払額（取得価額）」で測られ、時価ではない点です。100万円で買い160万円に値上がりしても、生涯枠の使用は100万円のままです。使わなかった年間枠は繰り越せません。"]}},{"id":"mechanics","heading":{"en":"Selling, dividends, and leaving Japan","ja":"売却・配当・出国"},"body":{"en":["When you sell a NISA holding, its acquisition cost is restored to your lifetime capacity from the following calendar year — not immediately, and the annual allowance you already used that year is not refreshed. A ¥1m purchase sold for ¥1.6m restores ¥1m (the cost), not ¥1.6m; a ¥1m purchase sold for ¥600k also restores ¥1m, and the ¥400k loss gives no deduction because it occurred inside NISA.","For listed shares, ETFs, and REITs, tax-free dividends generally require the proportional allocation method (株式数比例配分方式) so payment lands in the brokerage account; receiving via bank or warrant can trigger 20.315% withholding despite NISA. Foreign dividends may still face source-country withholding. And if you leave Japan, NISA generally cannot continue except in specific qualifying temporary-departure cases filed in advance."],"ja":["NISA保有を売却すると、その取得価額は翌年から生涯枠に復活します——即時ではなく、その年に使った年間枠は戻りません。100万円で買い160万円で売れば復活は100万円（取得価額）で160万円ではありません。100万円で買い60万円で売っても復活は100万円で、40万円の損失はNISA内のため控除に使えません。","上場株式・ETF・REITの配当を非課税にするには、通常「株式数比例配分方式」を選び、証券口座で受け取る必要があります。銀行受取や配当金領収証では、NISAでも20.315%源泉徴収され得ます。外国配当は源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。出国すると、事前申告した特定の一時出国を除き、NISAは通常継続できません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone opening or already using NISA","Readers who want one complete reference"],"ja":["NISAを開設・利用中の人","完全な一冊を求める読者"]},"notFor":{"en":["US taxpayers before cross-border review","Anyone seeking security recommendations"],"ja":["越境確認前の米国納税者","銘柄推奨を求める人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Tax-free does not mean risk-free; NISA rules and the FSA fund list change, so verify current figures before acting."],"ja":["非課税は無リスクではありません。NISAの規則やFSAの対象リストは変わります。行動前に最新値を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-eligibility","nisa-leaving-japan","nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa","nta-listed-dividends"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["what-is-nisa","nisa-limits-and-allowances","nisa-eligible-investments","nisa-dividends","nisa-when-not-first"]},{"slug":"nisa-limits-and-allowances","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How NISA limits and allowances work","ja":"NISAの上限と枠の仕組み"},"summary":{"en":"The recurring and growth allowances, the combined annual cap, the lifetime acquisition-cost limit, and why gains do not consume capacity.","ja":"つみたて枠と成長投資枠、年間合計上限、生涯の取得価額上限、そして値上がりが枠を消費しない理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"You can invest up to ¥1.2m/year through the recurring allowance and ¥2.4m/year through the growth allowance (¥3.6m combined), up to an ¥18m lifetime limit measured at acquisition cost — so investment gains never consume extra capacity.","ja":"つみたて枠で年120万円、成長投資枠で年240万円（合計360万円）まで投資でき、生涯上限は取得価額で1,800万円です。よって値上がりが追加の枠を消費することはありません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Recurring allowance: up to ¥1.2m/year for FSA-listed long-term diversified funds and qualifying ETFs.","Growth allowance: up to ¥2.4m/year for eligible shares, REITs, ETFs, and funds.","Combined annual maximum ¥3.6m; unused annual allowance does not carry forward.","Lifetime limit ¥18m at acquisition cost, with a ¥12m growth sub-limit.","Capacity is measured by what you paid, so gains and losses do not change how much room you have used."],"ja":["つみたて枠：FSA掲載の長期・分散型投信と対象ETFに、年120万円まで。","成長投資枠：対象の株式・REIT・ETF・投信に、年240万円まで。","年間合計上限は360万円。使わなかった年間枠は繰り越せません。","生涯上限は取得価額で1,800万円、うち成長枠は1,200万円まで。","枠は「支払額」で測るため、値上がり・値下がりは使用済みの枠を変えません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"two-allowances","heading":{"en":"The two allowances","ja":"2つの枠"},"body":{"en":["The recurring-investment allowance (つみたて投資枠) is designed for steady, long-term accumulation: up to ¥1.2m per calendar year, restricted to the funds and qualifying ETFs on the FSA’s screened list of low-cost, diversified, long-term products. It translates to ¥100,000 per month if you spread it evenly, though bonus-month settings let you weight it differently.","The growth-investment allowance (成長投資枠) is broader: up to ¥2.4m per year, usable for eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and a wider set of funds — but excluding designated supervisory/liquidation stocks, funds with terms shorter than 20 years, monthly-distribution funds, and certain derivative-heavy funds. You can use both allowances in the same year, and the same qualifying fund can sometimes be bought under either."],"ja":["つみたて投資枠は、着実な長期積立のための枠で、年120万円まで。対象はFSAが選定した低コスト・分散・長期の投信と対象ETFに限られます。均等に配分すると月10万円に相当しますが、ボーナス月設定で配分を変えられます。","成長投資枠はより広く、年240万円まで。対象の上場株式・REIT・ETF・より広い投信に使えますが、監理・整理銘柄、信託期間20年未満の投信、毎月分配型、一部のデリバティブ多用型は除かれます。両枠は同年に併用でき、対象の投信は枠のどちらでも買えることがあります。"]}},{"id":"five-year","heading":{"en":"Filling the lifetime limit — a five-year example","ja":"生涯上限を埋める——5年の例"},"body":{"en":["If you maximise both allowances, cumulative acquisition cost climbs ¥3.6m per year: ¥3.6m after year one, ¥7.2m after two, ¥10.8m after three, ¥14.4m after four, and ¥18.0m after five — at which point lifetime capacity is full. The market value at that point may be above or below ¥18m, but the statutory measure is always acquisition cost.","Most people never contribute this fast; the point is simply that lifetime room fills based on what you invest, not what it grows to. Unused annual allowance from a slow year is lost — it does not carry into next year — but your lifetime room is unaffected until you actually use it."],"ja":["両枠を上限まで使うと、取得価額は年360万円ずつ積み上がります。1年目360万、2年目720万、3年目1,080万、4年目1,440万、5年目1,800万で生涯枠が満杯になります。その時点の時価は1,800万円より上でも下でもあり得ますが、法定の基準は常に取得価額です。","多くの人はここまで速くは拠出しません。要点は、生涯枠は「投資した額」で埋まり「成長後の額」では埋まらないことです。拠出の少ない年の未使用の年間枠は失われ翌年に繰り越されませんが、実際に使うまで生涯枠は影響を受けません。"]}},{"id":"gains","heading":{"en":"Why gains do not consume capacity","ja":"値上がりが枠を消費しない理由"},"body":{"en":["Because usage is measured at acquisition cost, a rising investment never eats extra room. Buy a fund for ¥1m and watch it grow to ¥1.6m: your lifetime usage stays ¥1m, and the entire ¥600k gain sits inside the wrapper tax-free. This is the mechanism that makes NISA valuable for assets you expect to grow.","The mirror image also holds: a loss does not free up more room than you put in. If you sell that ¥1m purchase for ¥600k, next-year restoration is ¥1m (the cost), and the loss is not deductible. This is why NISA suits growth assets, while loss-sensitive strategies belong in a taxable account where offsets exist."],"ja":["使用は取得価額で測るため、値上がりが追加の枠を食うことはありません。100万円で買った投信が160万円に成長しても、生涯枠の使用は100万円のままで、60万円の利益はすべて非課税の入れ物の中に収まります。この仕組みが、成長を見込む資産にNISAを有効にします。","逆もまた真です。損失が、拠出額を超えて枠を空けることはありません。その100万円を60万円で売れば、翌年の復活は100万円（取得価額）で、損失は控除できません。だからNISAは成長資産に向き、損失を活かす戦略は損益通算のある課税口座に向きます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors planning how much to contribute","People confused about market value vs allowance"],"ja":["拠出額を計画する投資家","時価と枠を混同しがちな人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers needing the FSA fund eligibility list itself","US taxpayers before review"],"ja":["FSAの対象投信リスト自体が必要な読者","確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Allowance and product rules can change; verify with the FSA and your broker before relying on specific figures."],"ja":["枠や対象商品の規則は変わり得ます。具体的な数値はFSAと証券会社で確認してください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-eligibility"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["nisa-complete-guide","nisa-selling-and-reuse","nisa-eligible-investments","what-is-nisa"]},{"slug":"nisa-eligible-investments","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"What can you buy in NISA?","ja":"NISAで買えるものは？"},"summary":{"en":"Which funds, stocks, ETFs, and REITs qualify under each allowance, what is excluded, and how to confirm exact eligibility.","ja":"各枠で対象となる投信・株式・ETF・REIT、除外されるもの、そして正確な対象確認の方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The recurring allowance is limited to FSA-listed long-term diversified funds and qualifying ETFs; the growth allowance adds eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and funds — but deposits, ordinary bonds, margin, and certain fund structures are excluded. Confirm eligibility by exact fund name at the FSA list and your broker.","ja":"つみたて枠はFSA掲載の長期・分散型投信と対象ETFに限られ、成長投資枠は対象の上場株式・REIT・ETF・投信を加えます。ただし預金・普通の債券・信用取引・一部のファンド構造は対象外です。対象はFSAリストと証券会社で正確なファンド名により確認します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Recurring allowance: only FSA-screened long-term, diversified funds and qualifying ETFs.","Growth allowance: eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and a wider set of funds.","Excluded from NISA: deposits, ordinary government/corporate bonds, and margin trading.","Also excluded from growth: supervisory/liquidation stocks, <20-year funds, monthly-distribution and derivative-heavy funds.","Availability is broker-specific; confirm the exact fund name and share class at the FSA list and your broker."],"ja":["つみたて枠：FSAが選定した長期・分散型の投信と対象ETFのみ。","成長投資枠：対象の上場株式・REIT・ETF・より広い投信。","NISA対象外：預金、普通の国債・社債、信用取引。","成長枠の除外：監理・整理銘柄、信託20年未満、毎月分配型、デリバティブ多用型。","取扱は証券会社ごと。FSAリストと各社で、正確なファンド名・区分を確認します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"recurring","heading":{"en":"The recurring allowance universe","ja":"つみたて枠の対象範囲"},"body":{"en":["The recurring-investment allowance deliberately restricts choice to encourage low-cost, long-term, diversified investing. Eligible products are the investment trusts and qualifying ETFs the FSA has screened onto its published list — broadly, funds with reasonable costs, wide diversification, and long-term structures. As of the FSA’s recent classification the eligible universe held hundreds of funds and a small number of qualifying ETFs, with low average expense ratios among index products.","Because the list is curated for suitability, a beginner can reasonably pick a single broad global-equity index fund from it and be confident it meets basic long-term standards. But the list changes, so check the current version."],"ja":["つみたて投資枠は、低コスト・長期・分散の投資を促すため、あえて選択肢を絞っています。対象はFSAが選定して公表したリストにある投信と対象ETFで、概ね、費用が妥当で、広く分散され、長期の構造を持つ投信です。直近のFSAの分類では、対象範囲は数百本の投信と少数の対象ETFを含み、インデックス商品の平均信託報酬は低水準でした。","リストは適合性の観点で選ばれているため、初心者はその中から広範な全世界株式インデックス投信を1本選べば、基本的な長期基準を満たすと考えられます。ただしリストは変わるため、最新版を確認してください。"]}},{"id":"growth","heading":{"en":"The growth allowance and exclusions","ja":"成長投資枠と除外"},"body":{"en":["The growth-investment allowance opens the door to individual eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and a broader set of investment trusts. This is where you would buy a specific Japanese or (broker-permitting) foreign stock, a J-REIT, or a fund not on the recurring list.","Several things are excluded to keep NISA aligned with long-term investing: designated supervisory or liquidation stocks, investment trusts with terms shorter than 20 years, monthly-distribution funds, and certain derivative-heavy funds. Across both allowances, ordinary deposits, government and corporate bonds, and margin purchases are outside NISA entirely."],"ja":["成長投資枠では、対象の個別上場株式・REIT・ETF・より広い投信を買えます。特定の日本株や（証券会社が認めれば）外国株、J-REIT、つみたてリスト外の投信を買うのはここです。","NISAを長期投資に沿わせるため、いくつかが除外されます。監理・整理銘柄、信託期間20年未満の投信、毎月分配型、一部のデリバティブ多用型です。両枠を通じて、普通預金・国債・社債・信用取引はNISAの対象外です。"]}},{"id":"confirm","heading":{"en":"How to confirm exact eligibility","ja":"正確な対象の確認方法"},"body":{"en":["Eligibility is specific and can differ by broker, so never assume. Two products with similar names can differ in eligibility, and a fund can be offered by one broker in NISA but not another. NISA eligibility for a foreign ETF is not automatic just because it is exchange-listed.","To confirm, match the exact fund name and share class against the FSA’s current list, then check that your chosen broker actually offers it inside the intended allowance. If you are a US taxpayer, add a separate step: a Japanese fund’s Japanese eligibility says nothing about its US (PFIC) treatment."],"ja":["対象は具体的で証券会社ごとに異なり得るため、思い込みは禁物です。名前が似た2商品でも対象可否が異なり、ある会社ではNISAで買えても別の会社では買えないことがあります。外国ETFは上場しているだけでNISA対象になるわけではありません。","確認するには、正確なファンド名・区分をFSAの最新リストと照合し、選んだ証券会社が意図した枠で実際に取り扱うかを確認します。米国納税者なら、別の段階を加えます——日本での対象可否は、米国での扱い（PFIC）について何も語りません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors choosing what to hold in NISA","People comparing similarly named funds"],"ja":["NISAで何を持つか選ぶ投資家","名前の似た投信を比較する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone expecting bonds or deposits in NISA","US taxpayers before PFIC review"],"ja":["NISAで債券・預金を期待する人","PFIC確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["The FSA list and broker lineups change; confirm by exact fund name and share class before buying."],"ja":["FSAリストと各社のラインナップは変わります。購入前に正確なファンド名・区分で確認してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund","nisa-us-citizen"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["nisa-complete-guide","nisa-limits-and-allowances","active-vs-passive-investing","us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},{"slug":"nisa-dividends","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"NISA dividends and distributions","ja":"NISAの配当・分配金"},"summary":{"en":"The proportional allocation method for shares/ETFs/REITs, fund distributions, foreign withholding, and why some NISA dividends can still be taxed.","ja":"株式・ETF・REITの株式数比例配分方式、投信の分配金、外国の源泉徴収、そしてNISAでも課税され得る理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"For listed shares, ETFs, and REITs, NISA dividend exemption generally requires the proportional allocation method so the payment lands in your brokerage account; receiving via bank or warrant can trigger 20.315% withholding despite NISA, and foreign dividends can still face source-country tax.","ja":"上場株式・ETF・REITの配当をNISAで非課税にするには、通常「株式数比例配分方式」を選び、証券口座で受け取る必要があります。銀行受取や配当金領収証ではNISAでも20.315%源泉徴収され得て、外国配当は源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Choose the proportional allocation method (株式数比例配分方式) to receive share/ETF/REIT dividends tax-free in NISA.","Receiving dividends by bank transfer or warrant can cause 20.315% withholding even inside NISA.","A later tax return cannot convert wrongly-received dividends into NISA-exempt income.","Investment-trust ordinary distributions in NISA are exempt without that separate election.","Foreign (e.g. US) dividends can still carry source-country withholding that NISA does not remove."],"ja":["株式・ETF・REITの配当をNISAで非課税にするには「株式数比例配分方式」を選びます。","銀行振込や配当金領収証での受取は、NISA内でも20.315%源泉徴収され得ます。","誤った受取方法の配当は、後から確定申告してもNISA非課税にはできません。","投信の普通分配金は、その別途の選択なしにNISAで非課税です。","外国（例：米国）配当は、NISAでは消えない源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"method","heading":{"en":"The proportional allocation method","ja":"株式数比例配分方式"},"body":{"en":["For listed Japanese shares, ETFs, and REITs held in NISA, tax-free treatment of dividends generally requires the proportional allocation method — kabushiki-sū hirei haibun hōshiki (株式数比例配分方式) — under which the dividend is paid directly into your brokerage account in proportion to shares held. This receipt method is a setting you choose at the broker, and it must be in place for the NISA exemption to apply.","If instead you receive the dividend through a bank account, the post office, or a dividend warrant, it can be subject to the usual 20.315% withholding even though the security sits in NISA. Worse, a later tax return cannot retroactively convert that payment into NISA-exempt income — so the receipt setting must be correct before the dividend is paid."],"ja":["NISAで保有する上場株式・ETF・REITの配当を非課税にするには、通常「株式数比例配分方式」を選ぶ必要があります。これは、保有株数に応じて配当を証券口座へ直接入金する受取方法で、証券会社で設定します。NISAの非課税が適用されるには、この設定が有効である必要があります。","もし銀行口座・郵便局・配当金領収証で受け取ると、NISAに入っていても通常の20.315%源泉徴収の対象になり得ます。さらに、後から確定申告してもその配当を遡ってNISA非課税にはできません——配当が支払われる前に受取設定を正しくしておく必要があります。"]}},{"id":"funds","heading":{"en":"Fund distributions and special distributions","ja":"投信の分配金と特別分配金"},"body":{"en":["Investment trusts work differently. Ordinary distributions from investment trusts held in NISA are exempt without the separate proportional-allocation election that shares require, because the payment flows through the fund and account structure. This is one reason accumulation-oriented index funds are simple to hold in NISA.","A special distribution (a return of capital, sometimes called a \"special dividend\") is not taxable in the first place — it is treated as a repayment of your invested principal rather than income — so it does not gain any extra NISA benefit. Watching for these matters mainly for high-distribution funds, where a headline payout may partly be your own money returned."],"ja":["投資信託は扱いが異なります。NISAで保有する投信の普通分配金は、株式のような株式数比例配分方式の別途選択なしに非課税です。支払いがファンドと口座の構造を通るためです。これが、資産形成型のインデックス投信をNISAで持つのが簡単な理由の一つです。","特別分配金（元本払戻金、いわゆる「特別分配金」）は、そもそも課税されません——所得ではなく、投資した元本の払い戻しとして扱われます——ため、NISAの追加的な恩恵はありません。これが重要なのは主に高分配型の投信で、表面上の分配の一部が自分の元本の返戻であり得ます。"]}},{"id":"foreign","heading":{"en":"Foreign dividends and withholding","ja":"外国配当と源泉徴収"},"body":{"en":["NISA removes applicable Japanese tax, not foreign tax. Foreign shares can be held in the growth allowance when your broker supports them and the security is eligible, but source-country withholding can remain. A US dividend, for example, may still have US withholding even when received in NISA — and because there is no Japanese tax on that NISA income, the usual foreign-tax-credit mechanics may not recover it.","The availability of foreign stocks and ETFs is broker-specific, and US taxpayers face separate US reporting on the same income. If foreign dividend income is central to your plan, model the after-withholding result rather than assuming NISA makes it entirely tax-free."],"ja":["NISAが消すのは日本の税であり、外国の税ではありません。外国株は、証券会社が対応し銘柄が対象なら成長投資枠で保有できますが、源泉地国の課税は残り得ます。例えば米国配当はNISA内でも米国の源泉徴収があり得て、そのNISA所得には日本の税がないため、通常の外国税額控除では取り戻せないことがあります。","外国株・ETFの取扱は証券会社ごとで、米国納税者は同じ所得に米国での別途報告が生じます。外国配当が計画の中心なら、NISAで完全非課税と決めつけず、源泉徴収後の結果で試算してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["NISA investors holding dividend shares, ETFs, or REITs","People setting up dividend receipt"],"ja":["配当株・ETF・REITを持つNISA投資家","配当受取方法を設定する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Pure accumulation-fund investors with no cash distributions","US taxpayers before review"],"ja":["分配金のない資産形成型投信のみの投資家","確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Get the dividend receipt method right before the payment date; a return cannot fix it afterward."],"ja":["配当の受取方法は支払日前に正しく設定してください。後から申告では直せません。"]},"faqs":["nisa-us-citizen"],"sources":["jsda-nisa","nta-listed-dividends","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["nisa-complete-guide","taxes-on-investments-japan","nisa-eligible-investments","us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},{"slug":"nisa-selling-and-reuse","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Selling in NISA and reusing the allowance","ja":"NISAでの売却と枠の再利用"},"summary":{"en":"When you can sell, what selling does to annual vs lifetime capacity, and how next-year restoration works with worked examples.","ja":"いつ売れるか、売却が年間枠と生涯枠に与える影響、翌年の復活の仕組みを具体例で解説。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"You can sell NISA holdings any time; selling restores the acquisition cost to your lifetime capacity from the next calendar year, but the annual allowance you already used that year is not restored.","ja":"NISA保有はいつでも売れます。売却すると翌年から取得価額が生涯枠に復活しますが、その年に使った年間枠は戻りません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["NISA holdings can be sold whenever the market allows; there is no lock-up.","Selling restores lifetime capacity at acquisition cost — from the following calendar year, not immediately.","The annual allowance you already used in the sale year is not refreshed by selling.","A gain restores only the cost, not the higher value; a loss also restores only the cost and is not deductible.","Rebalancing inside NISA is possible but consumes annual allowance when you rebuy."],"ja":["NISA保有は市場が開いていればいつでも売却でき、ロックアップはありません。","売却は生涯枠を取得価額で復活させます——即時ではなく翌年から。","売却しても、その年に使った年間枠は戻りません。","値上がりでも復活は取得価額のみ。値下がりも復活は取得価額のみで控除不可。","NISA内のリバランスは可能ですが、買い直すと年間枠を消費します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"when","heading":{"en":"When you can sell","ja":"いつ売れるか"},"body":{"en":["NISA has no minimum holding period. You can sell whenever the market and the product’s order rules allow — subject to liquidity and, for funds, the once-daily net-asset-value order timing. Withdrawal then follows normal settlement, so the cash reaches you a few business days after execution.","That flexibility is a key contrast with iDeCo, whose funds are generally locked until retirement age. But flexibility is not a reason to trade frequently: the value of NISA compounds when qualifying gains are left to grow tax-free, and unnecessary selling can waste annual allowance you cannot get back."],"ja":["NISAに最低保有期間はありません。流動性と、投信の場合は1日1回の基準価額の注文時間に従い、市場と商品の注文ルールが許せばいつでも売れます。出金は通常の受渡しに従い、約定の数営業日後に現金が届きます。","この柔軟性は、原則受給年齢まで固定されるiDeCoとの大きな違いです。ただし柔軟だからと頻繁に売買すべきではありません。NISAの価値は、対象の利益を非課税で成長させ続けるときに複利で効き、不要な売却は取り戻せない年間枠を無駄にします。"]}},{"id":"capacity","heading":{"en":"What selling does to capacity","ja":"売却が枠に与える影響"},"body":{"en":["Two capacities move differently. Lifetime capacity is restored at the sold holding’s acquisition cost — but only from the following calendar year. Annual capacity that you already used in the sale year is not restored at all. So selling in March does not let you re-invest that year’s used allowance again in the same year.","Worked examples: buy a fund for ¥1m, it rises to ¥1.6m, you sell — from next year your lifetime room increases by ¥1m (the cost), not ¥1.6m. Buy for ¥1m, it falls to ¥600k, you sell — restoration is still ¥1m, and the ¥400k loss gives no deduction. If you had already used the full ¥2.4m growth allowance in January and sold in March, you still cannot buy another ¥2.4m under that year’s growth allowance."],"ja":["2つの枠は別々に動きます。生涯枠は売却した保有の取得価額で復活しますが、翌年からです。その年に既に使った年間枠は一切戻りません。よって3月に売っても、その年に使った年間枠を同じ年に再投資はできません。","具体例：100万円で買い160万円に上昇して売却——翌年から生涯枠は100万円（取得価額）増え、160万円ではありません。100万円で買い60万円に下落して売却——復活は100万円で、40万円の損失は控除不可。1月に成長枠240万円を使い切り3月に売っても、その年の成長枠で再び240万円は買えません。"]}},{"id":"rebalance","heading":{"en":"Rebalancing inside NISA","ja":"NISA内のリバランス"},"body":{"en":["You can rebalance within NISA — sell an over-weighted holding and buy an under-weighted one — but the repurchase consumes annual allowance, and the restored lifetime room only returns next year. Because of this, the tax-efficient way to rebalance is usually to direct new contributions toward the under-weighted asset rather than selling, wherever your contribution capacity allows.","Reserve outright selling-and-rebuying for cases where new contributions cannot correct a large drift, or where you genuinely want out of a holding. Plan any year-end selling with your provider’s deadlines in mind, since restored capacity and institution rules operate on a calendar-year basis."],"ja":["NISA内でリバランス——過大な保有を売り過小な保有を買う——はできますが、買い直しは年間枠を消費し、復活した生涯枠は翌年に戻ります。このため、税効率の良いリバランスは、拠出余力がある限り、売却ではなく新規の拠出を過小資産へ向けることです。","売って買い直す方法は、新規拠出で大きなズレを直せない場合や、本当にその保有から抜けたい場合に限ります。年末の売却は、復活する枠や金融機関の規則が暦年ベースで動くため、各社の期限を意識して計画してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["NISA users considering selling or rebalancing","People confused by allowance restoration"],"ja":["売却・リバランスを検討するNISA利用者","枠の復活が分かりにくい人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Buy-and-hold investors who never sell","Readers seeking market-timing advice"],"ja":["売却しない長期保有の投資家","相場のタイミング助言を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not sell only to \"reuse\" the allowance sooner — the reuse is next-year and at cost, and selling can waste this year’s room."],"ja":["枠を早く「再利用」する目的だけで売らないでください。再利用は翌年・取得価額ベースで、売却は今年の枠を無駄にし得ます。"]},"faqs":["nisa-eligibility"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["nisa-complete-guide","nisa-limits-and-allowances","nisa-common-mistakes","what-is-nisa"]},{"slug":"nisa-old-vs-current","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Old NISA vs current NISA","ja":"旧NISAと現行NISA"},"summary":{"en":"How pre-2024 General, Tsumitate, and Junior NISA legacy assets are treated, and why they cannot roll into the current system.","ja":"2024年以前の一般・つみたて・ジュニアNISAの資産の扱いと、現行制度へ移せない理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Legacy NISA holdings keep their own tax-free periods and sit outside the ¥18m limit; they cannot be rolled into the current system, so when a legacy period ends you generally sell or let the holding move to a taxable account.","ja":"旧NISAの保有は独自の非課税期間を保ち、1,800万円の枠の外にあります。現行制度へは移せないため、非課税期間が終わると通常は売却するか課税口座へ移ります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["General NISA, Tsumitate NISA, and Junior NISA are pre-2024 systems with their own tax-free periods.","Legacy assets sit outside the ¥18m current-NISA lifetime limit.","Legacy holdings cannot be rolled directly into the 2024 system.","When a legacy tax-free period ends, you generally sell or the holding moves to a taxable account.","Selling and repurchasing in current NISA is a new acquisition using current allowance."],"ja":["一般NISA・つみたてNISA・ジュニアNISAは、独自の非課税期間を持つ2024年以前の制度です。","旧資産は現行NISAの生涯上限1,800万円の外にあります。","旧保有は2024年制度へ直接ロールオーバーできません。","旧非課税期間が終わると、通常は売却するか課税口座へ移ります。","現行NISAでの売却・買い直しは、現行枠を使う新規取得です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"legacy","heading":{"en":"The legacy systems","ja":"旧制度"},"body":{"en":["Before the 2024 renewal, three separate systems existed: General NISA, Tsumitate NISA, and Junior NISA. Holdings acquired under them remain governed by their original legacy tax-free periods and sit entirely outside the current ¥18m lifetime limit. In other words, a legacy holding does not reduce your current-NISA lifetime room, and your current-NISA contributions do not affect the legacy holding.","This separation means many people hold both: legacy assets running out their original tax-free windows, and current NISA being funded fresh under the 2024 rules."],"ja":["2024年の刷新前は、一般NISA・つみたてNISA・ジュニアNISAの3制度が別々に存在しました。それらで取得した保有は、元の非課税期間に従い続け、現行の生涯上限1,800万円の完全に外にあります。つまり、旧保有は現行NISAの生涯枠を減らさず、現行NISAの拠出は旧保有に影響しません。","この分離により、多くの人は両方を持ちます。元の非課税期間を消化中の旧資産と、2024年の規則で新たに拠出する現行NISAです。"]}},{"id":"no-rollover","heading":{"en":"No rollover into current NISA","ja":"現行NISAへのロールオーバー不可"},"body":{"en":["Legacy assets cannot be rolled directly into the 2024 system — there is no bridge that moves a General or Tsumitate NISA holding into current-NISA lifetime capacity while preserving its status. When a legacy tax-free period ends, the investor generally must sell the holding or let it move to a taxable account under the applicable rules, after which future gains are taxable.","If you want the same exposure inside current NISA, you would sell (or let the legacy period lapse) and make a new qualifying purchase in current NISA. That repurchase is a brand-new acquisition that uses current annual and lifetime allowance."],"ja":["旧資産は2024年制度へ直接ロールオーバーできません——一般やつみたてNISAの保有を、非課税のまま現行NISAの生涯枠へ移す橋渡しはありません。旧非課税期間が終わると、投資家は通常、保有を売却するか、適用規則に従い課税口座へ移すことになり、その後の利益は課税対象になります。","同じ露出を現行NISA内で持ちたい場合、売却（または旧期間の満了）後に、現行NISAで新たに対象商品を買います。その買い直しは、現行の年間枠・生涯枠を使う完全な新規取得です。"]}},{"id":"planning","heading":{"en":"Planning and recordkeeping","ja":"計画と記録"},"body":{"en":["Because selling and repurchasing resets your entry price and uses current allowance, it also introduces market-timing and transaction-cost risk — you might sell and rebuy at a worse price, and you consume current-NISA room you could have used for new money. There is no universally right answer; it depends on the legacy period’s end date, your current allowance headroom, and your view of the holding.","Keep clear records of each legacy holding’s system, acquisition details, and tax-free end date, separate from your current NISA. Do not assume a broker statement will forever distinguish them for you, especially if you change institutions."],"ja":["売却・買い直しは取得価格をリセットし現行枠を使うため、相場のタイミングと取引コストのリスクも生みます——より悪い価格で売買したり、新規資金に使えた現行NISA枠を消費したりします。普遍的な正解はなく、旧期間の終了日、現行枠の余裕、その保有への見方で決まります。","各旧保有の制度・取得内容・非課税終了日を、現行NISAと分けて明確に記録してください。特に金融機関を変える場合、証券会社の明細が永久に区別してくれるとは限りません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People holding pre-2024 NISA assets","Investors deciding whether to sell legacy holdings"],"ja":["2024年以前のNISA資産を持つ人","旧保有の売却を検討する投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["New investors with only current NISA","Readers wanting timing advice"],"ja":["現行NISAのみの新規投資家","タイミング助言を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not sell legacy holdings on autopilot; weigh the tax-free end date, market price, and current-allowance cost first."],"ja":["旧保有を機械的に売らないでください。非課税終了日・市場価格・現行枠のコストをまず比較してください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-eligibility"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["nisa-complete-guide","nisa-limits-and-allowances","nisa-selling-and-reuse"]},{"slug":"nisa-when-not-first","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Is NISA always the best first step?","ja":"NISAは常に最初の一歩か？"},"summary":{"en":"The situations where emergency savings, debt repayment, employer plans, iDeCo, US-taxpayer analysis, or an imminent departure should come before NISA.","ja":"生活防衛資金・借金返済・企業制度・iDeCo・米国税務・出国予定などがNISAより先に来るべき場面。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"No. NISA should not automatically precede an emergency fund, high-interest debt repayment, short-term cash needs, forfeitable employer contributions, cross-border tax analysis for US taxpayers, an imminent departure, or a strategy that relies on deducting losses.","ja":"いいえ。NISAは、生活防衛資金・高金利借金の返済・短期の現金需要・失効する会社拠出・米国納税者の越境税務・差し迫った出国・損失控除に依存する戦略より、自動的に優先すべきではありません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Build an emergency fund and clear high-interest debt before funding NISA.","Money needed within a short, fixed horizon belongs in cash, not NISA.","Do not miss forfeitable employer matching or an unusually good corporate pension.","US taxpayers should complete cross-border (PFIC/reporting) analysis before buying Japanese funds.","If you may leave Japan soon or need loss deductions, NISA may not be the right first account."],"ja":["NISAに拠出する前に、生活防衛資金を作り高金利の借金を返します。","短く決まった期限までに使うお金は、NISAではなく現金に置きます。","失効する会社のマッチングや特に有利な企業年金を逃さないようにします。","米国納税者は、日本の投信を買う前に越境（PFIC・報告）の確認を済ませます。","近く出国しそう、または損失控除が必要なら、NISAが最初の口座とは限りません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"base","heading":{"en":"Financial base comes first","ja":"まず財務の土台"},"body":{"en":["NISA is powerful, but it is still investing, and investing belongs after a financial base. An emergency fund of several months’ essential spending, held in deposits, protects you from being forced to sell investments during a downturn. High-interest consumer debt — card revolving balances especially — usually costs more than investments reliably earn, so repaying it is a guaranteed return that beats an uncertain one.","Similarly, money you will spend within a short, fixed horizon (a house deposit in three years, tuition next spring) should stay in cash. A temporary market fall just before you need it could be devastating, and NISA does nothing to protect principal."],"ja":["NISAは強力ですが、あくまで投資であり、投資は財務の土台の後に来ます。数か月分の必須支出を預金で持つ生活防衛資金は、下落局面で投資の売却を迫られることから守ります。高金利の消費者ローン、特にカードのリボ残高は、投資が確実に稼ぐ以上のコストがかかることが多く、返済は不確実な利益に勝る「確実なリターン」です。","同様に、短く決まった期限までに使うお金（3年後の住宅頭金、来春の学費）は現金に置くべきです。必要直前の一時的な下落は致命的になり得て、NISAは元本を守りません。"]}},{"id":"employer-ideco","heading":{"en":"Employer plans and iDeCo","ja":"企業制度とiDeCo"},"body":{"en":["Check for employer money you would otherwise forfeit. Matching contributions or an unusually attractive corporate pension can beat starting your own account first, because that is effectively free return. iDeCo can also outrank NISA when its up-front income-tax deduction is exceptionally valuable for your income and you accept the retirement lock-up — the deduction is a certain, immediate benefit, whereas NISA’s advantage is tax-free growth over time.","This is not a rule to max iDeCo; it is a reminder that the \"NISA first\" default assumes no better-value employer or deduction opportunity is being left on the table."],"ja":["放置すれば失う会社のお金を確認します。マッチング拠出や特に有利な企業年金は、実質的に無料のリターンであり、自分の口座を先に始めるより有利になり得ます。iDeCoも、掛金の所得控除があなたの所得にとって特に価値が高く、老後までの固定を受け入れられるなら、NISAより優先し得ます——控除は確実で即時の利点で、NISAの利点は時間をかけた非課税成長です。","これはiDeCoを最大化せよという規則ではなく、「まずNISA」という基本形が、より価値の高い会社や控除の機会を放置していないことを前提としている、という注意です。"]}},{"id":"cross-border","heading":{"en":"Cross-border and departure cases","ja":"越境・出国のケース"},"body":{"en":["Two situations flip the usual order. A US citizen or tax resident should complete cross-border analysis before buying a Japanese mutual fund inside NISA, because PFIC rules and US reporting can make that \"obvious\" first purchase the wrong one — NISA’s Japanese exemption gives no US exemption. And if you plan to leave Japan soon, NISA generally cannot continue abroad, so building a large NISA balance you will have to unwind may not make sense.","Finally, a strategy that deliberately relies on realising and deducting losses (to offset taxable gains) cannot use NISA, where losses give no deduction. In all these cases the right first step may be a taxable account, an employer plan, cash, or simply professional advice — not NISA."],"ja":["2つの状況が通常の順序を逆転させます。米国市民・税務上の居住者は、NISA内で日本の投信を買う前に越境の確認を済ませるべきです。PFIC規則と米国報告により、その「当然の」最初の購入が誤りになり得ます——NISAの日本の非課税は米国の非課税を与えません。また近く出国予定なら、NISAは通常海外で継続できず、後で解消する大きなNISA残高を作るのは合理的でないことがあります。","最後に、課税利益を相殺するため損失の実現・控除にあえて依存する戦略は、損失が控除にならないNISAでは使えません。これらの場合、正しい最初の一歩は、課税口座・企業制度・現金、あるいは単に専門家への相談であり、NISAではないことがあります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People deciding whether to open NISA now","US taxpayers and soon-to-leave residents"],"ja":["今NISAを開くか迷う人","米国納税者・近く出国する居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Settled residents with a solid financial base","Readers seeking a single universal rule"],"ja":["土台が整った定住者","唯一の普遍ルールを求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["This is educational sequencing, not advice to maximise or skip any account; individual circumstances decide the order."],"ja":["これは教育的な順序であり、口座の最大化や省略の助言ではありません。順序は個別事情で決まります。"]},"faqs":["nisa-vs-ideco-q","nisa-us-citizen"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","ideco-official"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["how-to-start-investing-japan","nisa-vs-ideco","us-taxpayers-investing-japan","saving-vs-investing"]},{"slug":"nisa-common-mistakes","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Common NISA mistakes","ja":"NISAのよくある間違い"},"summary":{"en":"Treating NISA as risk-free, misunderstanding limits, using the wrong dividend method, chasing performance, and ignoring departure and foreign-tax rules.","ja":"NISAを無リスクと誤解、上限の誤解、誤った配当受取、成績追随、出国・外国税の見落とし。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The frequent mistakes are treating tax-free as risk-free, confusing market value with allowance usage, receiving dividends the wrong way, picking funds by last year’s return, opening with the wrong broker, and ignoring departure or foreign-tax rules.","ja":"よくある間違いは、非課税を無リスクと捉える、時価と枠の使用を混同する、誤った方法で配当を受け取る、昨年の成績で投信を選ぶ、誤った証券会社で開く、出国・外国税を無視する、です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Tax-free is not risk-free: NISA removes tax, not the possibility of loss.","Allowance is measured at acquisition cost, not market value — gains never eat more room.","Dividends on shares/ETFs/REITs need the proportional allocation method to stay tax-free.","Do not pick funds by recent performance, and do not overcomplicate with overlapping products.","Plan for leaving Japan and, if a US taxpayer, for PFIC and foreign-tax rules before you buy."],"ja":["非課税は無リスクではありません。NISAは税を消しますが損失の可能性は消しません。","枠は時価ではなく取得価額で測ります——値上がりが枠を余計に食うことはありません。","株式・ETF・REITの配当は、株式数比例配分方式でないと非課税になりません。","直近の成績で投信を選ばず、重複商品で複雑にしないでください。","出国、そして米国納税者ならPFICと外国税の規則を、購入前に計画してください。"]},"sections":[{"id":"risk-limits","heading":{"en":"Risk and limit misunderstandings","ja":"リスクと上限の誤解"},"body":{"en":["The first mistake is emotional: treating NISA as safe because it is tax-advantaged. NISA is only a wrapper; the investments inside can fall like any others, and a tax-free 30% loss is still a 30% loss. Size your equity exposure to what you can hold through a downturn, not to the size of the allowance.","The second is mechanical: confusing market value with allowance usage. Capacity is measured at acquisition cost, so a holding that doubles has not used any extra room, and you cannot \"top up\" to a market value of ¥18m. Related errors include expecting unused annual allowance to carry forward (it does not) and expecting immediate allowance restoration after selling (it returns next year, at cost)."],"ja":["最初の間違いは感情面です。税優遇だからとNISAを安全と捉えることです。NISAは入れ物にすぎず、中の投資は他と同様に下落し、非課税の30%の損失も30%の損失です。株式の露出は、枠の大きさではなく、下落局面で耐えられる水準に合わせます。","2つ目は仕組みの面です。時価と枠の使用を混同することです。枠は取得価額で測るため、2倍になった保有は追加の枠を使っておらず、時価1,800万円まで「上乗せ」はできません。関連する誤りに、未使用の年間枠の繰越を期待する（できません）、売却後の即時の枠復活を期待する（翌年・取得価額で戻ります）があります。"]}},{"id":"product","heading":{"en":"Product and dividend mistakes","ja":"商品と配当の間違い"},"body":{"en":["A common income mistake is receiving share, ETF, or REIT dividends through a bank account or warrant instead of the proportional allocation method, which triggers 20.315% withholding despite NISA — and a later return cannot fix it. Set the receipt method before the dividend is paid.","On product selection, avoid choosing funds by last year’s return: recent performance is an unreliable basis for future relative results, and a top-ranked fund can lag the next year. Equally, resist overcomplicating the portfolio with many overlapping thematic funds; a single broad low-cost index fund often does the core job with less duplication and lower cost."],"ja":["よくある配当の間違いは、株式・ETF・REITの配当を、株式数比例配分方式ではなく銀行口座や配当金領収証で受け取ることです。これはNISAでも20.315%源泉徴収を招き、後の申告では直せません。配当が支払われる前に受取方法を設定してください。","商品選びでは、昨年の成績で投信を選ばないこと。直近の成績は将来の相対結果の根拠として不確実で、上位の投信も翌年は劣後し得ます。同様に、重複するテーマ投信を多数入れて複雑にしないこと。広範な低コストのインデックス投信1本で、重複が少なく低コストに核を担えることが多いです。"]}},{"id":"cross-border","heading":{"en":"Departure and foreign-tax mistakes","ja":"出国と外国税の間違い"},"body":{"en":["Two structural mistakes cause outsized problems. The first is ignoring departure rules: NISA generally cannot continue after you leave Japan except in specific qualifying temporary cases filed in advance, so building a large NISA balance without a plan for leaving can force an awkward unwind. Get your broker’s written departure procedure early.","The second is a US-taxpayer trap: buying a Japanese mutual fund in NISA without checking PFIC treatment and US reporting. NISA’s Japanese exemption gives no US exemption, and a \"simple\" index fund can create Form 8621 obligations. If you are a US person, complete cross-border analysis before your first Japanese-fund purchase."],"ja":["2つの構造的な間違いが大きな問題を招きます。1つ目は出国規則の無視です。NISAは、事前申告した特定の一時的ケースを除き、出国後は通常継続できません。出国計画なしに大きなNISA残高を作ると、厄介な解消を迫られます。各社の出国手続を早めに書面で入手してください。","2つ目は米国納税者の落とし穴です。PFICの扱いと米国報告を確認せずにNISAで日本の投信を買うことです。NISAの日本の非課税は米国の非課税を与えず、「単純な」インデックス投信がForm 8621の義務を生み得ます。米国関係者なら、最初の日本の投信購入前に越境の確認を済ませてください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["New and current NISA users avoiding pitfalls","People about to open or fund NISA"],"ja":["落とし穴を避けたいNISA利用者","NISAを開設・拠出しようとしている人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers seeking specific fund recommendations","US taxpayers needing individual advice"],"ja":["具体的な投信推奨を求める読者","個別助言が必要な米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["This lists common errors, not a complete compliance checklist; verify current rules with official sources."],"ja":["これは代表的な誤りの列挙で、完全な確認一覧ではありません。最新規則は公式情報で確認してください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-eligibility","nisa-leaving-japan","nisa-us-citizen"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["nisa-complete-guide","nisa-dividends","nisa-when-not-first","us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},{"slug":"brokerage-failure-protection","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"What happens if a Japanese brokerage fails?","ja":"証券会社が破綻したらどうなる？"},"summary":{"en":"Segregated management, the Japan Investor Protection Fund’s ¥10m ceiling, what is and is not protected, and how to verify registration.","ja":"分別管理、日本投資者保護基金の1,000万円上限、保護される・されないもの、登録の確認方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Japanese securities firms must keep customer assets segregated from their own, so if a firm fails those assets should ordinarily be returned; if segregation failed, the Japan Investor Protection Fund can compensate eligible customers up to ¥10m — but neither protects against market losses.","ja":"日本の証券会社は顧客資産を自社資産と分別管理する義務があり、破綻時も通常は返還されます。分別管理が機能しなかった場合、日本投資者保護基金が適格な顧客に最大1,000万円を補償します——ただしどちらも市場の損失は守りません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Securities firms must segregate customer assets from firm assets by law.","If a firm fails with segregation intact, customer assets should ordinarily be returned in full.","If segregation failed, the Japan Investor Protection Fund can compensate eligible customers up to ¥10m.","Neither protection covers market losses, issuer defaults, or price declines.","Verify a firm in the FSA operator registry (and JSDA membership) before transferring funds."],"ja":["証券会社は法律で、顧客資産を自社資産と分別管理する必要があります。","分別管理が保たれたまま破綻すれば、顧客資産は通常、全額返還されます。","分別管理が機能しなかった場合、日本投資者保護基金が適格顧客に最大1,000万円を補償します。","どちらの保護も、市場の損失・発行体の債務不履行・価格下落は対象外です。","入金前に、FSAの登録業者一覧（およびJSDA会員）で会社を確認します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"segregation","heading":{"en":"Segregated management","ja":"分別管理"},"body":{"en":["The primary protection is structural. Japanese securities firms are required to segregate customer assets — cash and securities — from the firm’s own assets. Because your holdings are not the firm’s property, if the firm fails while segregation has been properly maintained, your assets should ordinarily be returned or transferred to another institution rather than lost in the bankruptcy.","This is very different from a bank deposit, which is a loan to the bank. In a properly run brokerage, your shares and funds remain yours; the firm is only the custodian and intermediary."],"ja":["主な保護は構造的なものです。日本の証券会社は、顧客資産（現金と有価証券）を自社資産と分別管理する義務があります。あなたの保有は会社の財産ではないため、分別管理が適切に保たれたまま会社が破綻しても、資産は通常、破綻に巻き込まれず返還されるか、別の機関へ移管されます。","これは、銀行への貸付にあたる預金とは大きく異なります。適切に運営された証券会社では、株式や投信はあなたのもので、会社は保管者・仲介者にすぎません。"]}},{"id":"jipf","heading":{"en":"The Japan Investor Protection Fund","ja":"日本投資者保護基金"},"body":{"en":["Segregation can, in rare cases, fail — through fraud or error. For that residual risk, the Japan Investor Protection Fund (JIPF) exists: if customer assets cannot be returned because segregation failed, JIPF can compensate an eligible customer up to ¥10m. It is a backstop for the failure of the safekeeping system, not routine insurance for every loss.","Critically, JIPF does not compensate normal market losses, an issuer defaulting on your bond, or a fund’s price falling. If your investment simply drops in value, that is investment risk, entirely outside the scope of investor protection."],"ja":["分別管理は、詐欺や誤りにより、まれに機能しないことがあります。その残余リスクのために日本投資者保護基金（JIPF）があります。分別管理の失敗で顧客資産を返還できない場合、JIPFは適格な顧客に最大1,000万円を補償します。これは保管制度の失敗に対する備えであり、あらゆる損失の通常保険ではありません。","重要な点として、JIPFは通常の市場の損失、保有債券の発行体の債務不履行、投信の価格下落を補償しません。投資が単に値下がりした場合、それは投資リスクであり、投資者保護の範囲外です。"]}},{"id":"verify","heading":{"en":"How to verify a firm","ja":"会社の確認方法"},"body":{"en":["Protection assumes a legitimately registered firm. Before transferring money, verify the firm in the FSA’s registry of financial instruments business operators and, where applicable, JSDA’s member list. Registration proves legal authorization to operate; it does not guarantee investment performance or the wisdom of any product.","A crucial modern caution: a legitimate brokerage registration does not make a social-media account or website claiming to represent it legitimate. Scammers clone brand names and impersonate real firms. Confirm you are dealing with the genuine, registered entity — not just a familiar-looking name — before sending funds or documents."],"ja":["保護は、正規に登録された会社を前提とします。入金前に、FSAの金融商品取引業者の登録一覧、該当すればJSDAの会員一覧で会社を確認します。登録は営業の法的な認可を示すもので、運用成績や商品の妥当性を保証しません。","現代の重要な注意：正規の証券会社の登録があっても、それを名乗るSNSアカウントやウェブサイトが正規とは限りません。詐欺師はブランド名を複製し実在の会社になりすまします。資金や書類を送る前に、見覚えのある名前だけでなく、本物の登録された事業体と取引していることを確認してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors worried about broker safety","People choosing where to custody assets"],"ja":["証券会社の安全性が気になる投資家","資産の保管先を選ぶ人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone expecting protection against market losses","Crypto-only holders (different rules)"],"ja":["市場の損失への保護を期待する人","暗号資産のみの保有者（規則が異なる）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Segregation and JIPF cover custody failure, not investment losses; always verify a firm’s registration first."],"ja":["分別管理とJIPFは保管の失敗を対象とし、投資損失は対象外です。まず会社の登録を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["jipf-protection","fsa-registry","dic-deposit-insurance"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["investor-deposit-protection","check-broker-license-and-scams","choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},{"slug":"investor-deposit-protection","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How investments and deposits are protected in Japan","ja":"日本での投資・預金の保護"},"summary":{"en":"Securities segregation and the investor-protection fund vs bank deposit insurance, foreign-currency deposits, fund structures, and crypto differences.","ja":"証券の分別管理・投資者保護基金と、銀行の預金保険、外貨預金、ファンド構造、暗号資産の違い。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Securities are protected mainly by segregation plus the ¥10m Japan Investor Protection Fund backstop, while bank deposits are protected by deposit insurance up to ¥10m of principal per bank; foreign-currency deposits and crypto are generally treated differently.","ja":"証券は主に分別管理と1,000万円の日本投資者保護基金で守られ、銀行預金は1行あたり元本1,000万円まで預金保険で守られます。外貨預金や暗号資産は通常、別扱いです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Securities: segregated from the firm, with JIPF compensating eligible custody-failure shortfalls up to ¥10m.","Bank deposits: interest-bearing ordinary deposits protected up to ¥10m principal per bank plus accrued interest.","Non-interest settlement deposits receive different (fuller) protection under the deposit-insurance rules.","Foreign-currency deposits are generally outside ordinary deposit-insurance coverage.","Fund assets are segregated within the trust structure; cryptoassets are not covered like securities."],"ja":["証券：会社から分別管理され、保管失敗の不足はJIPFが最大1,000万円まで補償。","銀行預金：利息付き普通預金は1行あたり元本1,000万円＋利息まで保護。","無利息の決済用預金は、預金保険で別（より手厚い）保護を受けます。","外貨預金は通常、通常の預金保険の対象外です。","ファンド資産は信託構造の中で分別。暗号資産は証券のようには保護されません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"securities","heading":{"en":"How securities are protected","ja":"証券の保護"},"body":{"en":["Investments held at a securities firm are protected primarily by segregation: your cash and securities are kept separate from the firm’s own assets, so a firm failure should not consume them. The Japan Investor Protection Fund adds a backstop of up to ¥10m per eligible customer if segregation fails and assets cannot be returned. Neither addresses market losses.","Fund (investment-trust) assets have their own layer: they are generally segregated within the trust structure, held by a trustee separate from the asset manager and distributor. So even if a fund management company has trouble, the fund’s underlying assets are not the company’s property — though operational disruption and, always, market losses remain possible."],"ja":["証券会社で保有する投資は、主に分別管理で守られます。現金と有価証券は会社の資産と分けて保管され、会社の破綻で失われないようにされます。分別管理が失敗し資産を返還できない場合、日本投資者保護基金が適格顧客1人あたり最大1,000万円を補償します。どちらも市場の損失には対応しません。","ファンド（投資信託）の資産には独自の層があります。信託構造の中で分別され、運用会社や販売会社とは別の受託者が保管します。よって運用会社に問題が起きても、ファンドの原資産は会社の財産ではありません——ただし業務の混乱や、常に市場の損失は起こり得ます。"]}},{"id":"deposits","heading":{"en":"How bank deposits are protected","ja":"銀行預金の保護"},"body":{"en":["Bank deposits use a different system: deposit insurance. Interest-bearing ordinary deposits are generally protected up to ¥10m of principal per depositor per financial institution, plus accrued interest to the failure date. Eligible non-interest settlement deposits (used for payments) receive different, fuller protection under the rules. The ¥10m ceiling is per bank, so spreading large balances across institutions changes coverage.","An important gap: foreign-currency deposits are generally outside ordinary deposit-insurance coverage. If you hold significant foreign-currency balances at a bank, do not assume the ¥10m deposit-insurance figure applies to them."],"ja":["銀行預金は別の制度、預金保険を使います。利息付きの普通預金は、1金融機関・1預金者あたり元本1,000万円まで、加えて破綻日までの利息が保護されます。決済用の無利息預金は、規則により別のより手厚い保護を受けます。1,000万円の上限は1行あたりのため、大きな残高を複数行に分けると保護が変わります。","重要な抜け穴：外貨預金は通常、通常の預金保険の対象外です。銀行に多額の外貨残高を持つ場合、1,000万円の預金保険がそれに適用されると決めつけないでください。"]}},{"id":"crypto","heading":{"en":"Where crypto differs","ja":"暗号資産の違い"},"body":{"en":["Cryptoassets sit outside these frameworks. They are not protected like securities by the investor-protection fund, nor like deposits by deposit insurance. Registered Japanese crypto exchanges have their own custody and segregation obligations, but the protection is not equivalent to securities or bank protection, and crypto carries extreme volatility, custody, and tax-reporting complexity.","The practical takeaway: match your expectations to the wrapper. Deposits are insured cash; securities are segregated investments with a custody backstop; crypto is a separate, higher-risk category. None of these protections turn a losing investment into a protected one — they address institutional failure, not market outcomes."],"ja":["暗号資産はこれらの枠組みの外にあります。投資者保護基金による証券のような保護も、預金保険による預金のような保護もありません。登録された日本の暗号資産交換業者は独自の保管・分別義務を負いますが、その保護は証券や銀行の保護と同等ではなく、暗号資産は極端な変動・保管・税務報告の複雑さを伴います。","実務上の要点：期待を「入れ物」に合わせることです。預金は保険付きの現金、証券は保管の備えを持つ分別された投資、暗号資産は別の高リスクの分類です。これらの保護は、損をした投資を守られた投資に変えません——対象は機関の破綻であり、市場の結果ではありません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors comparing safety across deposits, securities, and crypto","People with large cash balances"],"ja":["預金・証券・暗号資産の安全性を比べる人","多額の現金残高を持つ人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone expecting protection against price falls","Readers needing bank-by-bank specifics"],"ja":["価格下落への保護を期待する人","銀行ごとの詳細が必要な読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Coverage limits and eligibility have conditions and change; foreign-currency deposits are usually excluded. Verify current terms."],"ja":["保護の上限・対象には条件があり変わります。外貨預金は通常対象外です。最新条件を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["jipf-protection","dic-deposit-insurance","fsa-registry"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["brokerage-failure-protection","check-broker-license-and-scams","saving-vs-investing"]},{"slug":"check-broker-license-and-scams","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Checking a broker’s licence and avoiding scams","ja":"証券会社の登録確認と詐欺対策"},"summary":{"en":"How to verify a firm in the FSA registry and JSDA membership, telling brand from legal entity, spotting clone sites and social-media scams, and account security.","ja":"FSA登録とJSDA会員での確認、ブランドと法人の区別、クローンサイト・SNS詐欺の見分け方、口座のセキュリティ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Verify any firm in the FSA’s operator registry and JSDA membership before sending money, distinguish the brand from the legal entity, and treat unsolicited social-media \"advisers,\" remote-control-software requests, and cloned sites as scams.","ja":"入金前に、FSAの登録業者一覧とJSDA会員で会社を確認し、ブランドと法人を区別し、未承諾のSNS「アドバイザー」・遠隔操作ソフトの要求・クローンサイトは詐欺として扱います。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Verify the firm in the FSA registry of financial instruments business operators, and JSDA membership where relevant.","Registration proves legal authorization, not investment quality or the legitimacy of a social-media account using the name.","Watch for clone websites and impersonation of real, registered firms.","Never install remote-control software for an unsolicited \"investment adviser.\"","Use unique passwords, multifactor authentication, withdrawal-destination locking, and transaction alerts."],"ja":["FSAの金融商品取引業者の登録一覧、該当時はJSDA会員で会社を確認します。","登録は法的認可の証明で、運用の質や、その名を使うSNSアカウントの正当性の証明ではありません。","クローンサイトや、実在する登録会社へのなりすましに注意します。","未承諾の「投資アドバイザー」のために遠隔操作ソフトを絶対にインストールしないこと。","固有のパスワード・多要素認証・出金先ロック・取引アラートを使います。"]},"sections":[{"id":"verify","heading":{"en":"Verifying the licence","ja":"登録の確認"},"body":{"en":["Before you send money or identity documents, confirm the firm is genuinely registered. The FSA maintains a registry of financial instruments business operators; the Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA) maintains a member list. A firm that cannot be found in the appropriate register, or that pressures you to skip verification, is a red flag.","Distinguish the brand from the legal entity. Marketing names, app names, and group brands may differ from the registered legal entity that actually holds the licence. Match the exact legal name on the account documents against the register, rather than trusting a familiar logo or a similar-sounding name."],"ja":["資金や本人確認書類を送る前に、会社が本当に登録されているか確認します。FSAは金融商品取引業者の登録一覧を、日本証券業協会（JSDA）は会員一覧を維持しています。該当する登録簿で見つからない会社や、確認を省くよう圧力をかける会社は危険信号です。","ブランドと法人を区別します。宣伝名・アプリ名・グループのブランドは、実際に免許を持つ登録法人と異なることがあります。見慣れたロゴや似た響きの名前を信じず、口座書類の正確な法人名を登録簿と照合してください。"]}},{"id":"scams","heading":{"en":"Clone sites and social-media scams","ja":"クローンサイトとSNS詐欺"},"body":{"en":["A legitimate brokerage registration does not make every account claiming to represent it legitimate. Common scams include cloned websites that copy a real firm’s branding, social-media \"investment groups\" or private-message \"advisers\" promising unusual returns, and impersonation of well-known firms or their staff. A real, registered firm can be perfectly legitimate while a fake page using its name is a fraud.","The most dangerous request is to install remote-control software so an \"adviser\" can \"help\" you trade or \"recover\" money — this hands over your device and accounts. Never do it. Treat guaranteed high returns, urgency, and pressure to move money quickly as classic warning signs, and reach the firm only through its officially published contact details."],"ja":["正規の証券登録があっても、それを名乗るあらゆるアカウントが正規とは限りません。よくある詐欺には、実在の会社のブランドを複製したクローンサイト、異常なリターンを約束するSNSの「投資グループ」やダイレクトメッセージの「アドバイザー」、著名な会社やその社員へのなりすましがあります。実在の登録会社は完全に正規でも、その名を使う偽ページは詐欺です。","最も危険な要求は、「アドバイザー」が取引を「手伝う」・お金を「取り戻す」ために遠隔操作ソフトをインストールさせることです——これは端末と口座を明け渡します。絶対に行わないでください。高リターン保証・緊急性・資金を急いで動かす圧力は典型的な警告サインです。会社には、公式に公表された連絡先からのみ連絡してください。"]}},{"id":"security","heading":{"en":"Account security basics","ja":"口座セキュリティの基本"},"body":{"en":["Good operational security reduces the damage from phishing and account takeover. Use a unique password not reused elsewhere, enable multifactor authentication, and turn on withdrawal-destination locking so funds can only leave to a pre-registered account. Enable transaction and login alerts, and periodically review your devices and login history.","Be alert to phishing: legitimate firms do not ask for your full password or one-time codes by email or message. If you spot unauthorized activity, contact the firm through its official channel immediately, change credentials, and preserve evidence. Fast reporting improves the chance of limiting loss."],"ja":["良い運用セキュリティは、フィッシングや乗っ取りの被害を減らします。使い回さない固有のパスワードを使い、多要素認証を有効にし、出金先ロックで事前登録した口座にのみ資金が出るようにします。取引・ログインのアラートを有効にし、端末とログイン履歴を定期的に確認します。","フィッシングに警戒します。正規の会社が、メールやメッセージでパスワード全体やワンタイムコードを尋ねることはありません。不正な操作に気づいたら、直ちに公式チャネルで会社に連絡し、認証情報を変更し、証拠を保全します。早い報告は損失を抑える可能性を高めます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone choosing or funding a brokerage","People approached by online \"advisers\""],"ja":["証券会社を選ぶ・入金する人","オンラインの「アドバイザー」に接触された人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers needing a specific firm’s registration number","Victims needing legal help (seek professionals)"],"ja":["特定会社の登録番号が必要な読者","法的支援が必要な被害者（専門家へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["If anyone asks for remote access, guaranteed returns, or urgent transfers, stop and verify through official channels — these are hallmark scam signals."],"ja":["遠隔操作・リターン保証・至急の送金を求められたら、いったん止めて公式チャネルで確認を——これらは典型的な詐欺の兆候です。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-registry","jipf-protection"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["brokerage-failure-protection","investor-deposit-protection","choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},{"slug":"investment-products-japan","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Investment products in Japan","ja":"日本の投資商品"},"summary":{"en":"Stocks, mutual funds, ETFs, bonds, REITs, robo-advisors, and crypto — what each is, and a hierarchy for choosing.","ja":"株式・投資信託・ETF・債券・REIT・ロボアドバイザー・暗号資産の概要と、選ぶための順序。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The main products are individual stocks, mutual funds (investment trusts), ETFs, bonds, REITs, robo-advisors, and crypto; for most beginners a single low-cost diversified fund is the core, with everything else a deliberate addition.","ja":"主な商品は個別株・投資信託・ETF・債券・REIT・ロボアドバイザー・暗号資産です。多くの初心者は低コストで分散された投信1本を核にし、それ以外は意図的な追加とします。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Mutual funds (投資信託) pool money into a diversified portfolio, often bought from ¥100 with automation.","ETFs trade intraday on an exchange; individual stocks are single-company ownership.","Bonds and JGBs provide income and stability; REITs give property exposure with equity-like volatility.","Robo-advisors automate allocation for a fee; crypto sits outside NISA with extreme risk.","Evaluate any fund by asset class, exposure, benchmark, eligibility, diversification, cost, and only then past return."],"ja":["投資信託は資金をまとめて分散運用し、しばしば100円から自動積立で買えます。","ETFは取引所で日中売買。個別株は1社の所有です。","債券・国債は収入と安定を、REITは株式並みの変動で不動産の露出を与えます。","ロボアドは手数料で配分を自動化。暗号資産はNISA外で極端なリスクです。","投信は資産クラス・露出・指数・対象可否・分散・コストで評価し、過去の成績は最後です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"categories","heading":{"en":"The main product categories","ja":"主な商品カテゴリー"},"body":{"en":["Individual stocks are direct ownership of one company — the highest company-specific risk. Mutual funds (investment trusts, 投資信託) pool many investors’ money into a diversified portfolio run to a stated objective, and at online brokers can often be bought from ¥100 with automatic monthly purchases. ETFs are funds that trade on an exchange at intraday prices, offering limit orders and portability but requiring you to handle bid-ask spreads and, for foreign ETFs, currency conversion.","Bonds (including retail JGBs) provide interest and relative stability; REITs (不動産投資信託) give exposure to property but behave with equity-like volatility and rate sensitivity. Robo-advisors automate allocation and rebalancing for an advisory fee. Cryptoassets sit entirely outside NISA and carry extreme volatility and custody/tax complexity."],"ja":["個別株は1社の直接所有で、企業固有リスクが最も高いです。投資信託は多数の投資家の資金をまとめ、定めた方針で分散運用する商品で、ネット証券では100円から自動積立で買えることが多いです。ETFは取引所で日中の価格で売買される投信で、指値注文や持ち運びが可能な一方、売買スプレッドや、外国ETFなら両替を自分で扱う必要があります。","債券（個人向け国債を含む）は利息と相対的な安定を与え、REIT（不動産投資信託）は不動産の露出を与えますが、株式並みの変動と金利感応度を持ちます。ロボアドバイザーは手数料で配分とリバランスを自動化します。暗号資産はNISAの完全に外にあり、極端な変動と保管・税務の複雑さを伴います。"]}},{"id":"hierarchy","heading":{"en":"A product-selection hierarchy","ja":"商品選びの順序"},"body":{"en":["Evaluate any fund or ETF in order, not by its recent chart. (1) Is the asset class appropriate? (2) Is the geographic and currency exposure appropriate? (3) Is the benchmark transparent? (4) Is the vehicle eligible for the intended account (e.g. NISA)? (5) Is it sufficiently diversified and operationally viable? (6) What are the expense ratio, transaction costs, tracking difference, tax leakage, spreads, and conversion costs? (7) What is the distribution policy? (8) Can you buy it automatically at your broker? (9) Does your other-country tax system create a problem?","Only at step (10) do you review historical performance — and then only against the benchmark over matching periods. Past return alone is not a valid recommendation criterion: a fund can shine because its market, factor, or currency happened to do well, which says little about future relative returns."],"ja":["投信・ETFは、直近のチャートではなく順序で評価します。(1) 資産クラスは適切か。(2) 地域・通貨の露出は適切か。(3) ベンチマークは透明か。(4) 想定口座（例：NISA）で対象か。(5) 十分に分散され運用上も成り立つか。(6) 信託報酬・取引コスト・トラッキング差異・税の漏れ・スプレッド・両替コストは。(7) 分配方針は。(8) 証券会社で自動買付できるか。(9) 母国の税制で問題が生じないか。","(10) で初めて過去の成績を、しかも一致する期間でベンチマークと比較して見ます。過去のリターン単独は妥当な推奨基準ではありません。市場・ファクター・通貨がたまたま良かったために輝くことがあり、将来の相対リターンについてはほとんど語りません。"]}},{"id":"directory","heading":{"en":"Where to go next","ja":"次に読むべきもの"},"body":{"en":["From here, deeper pages cover each category: how to compare mutual funds, index funds vs ETFs, Japanese vs global investing, Japanese and US stocks, high-dividend investing, and REITs. Accounts and tax pages explain the wrappers those products live in.","The consistent theme is that the wrapper (NISA, iDeCo, taxable) and the asset allocation usually matter more than picking a single \"best\" product. Choose the account and the stock/bond mix first, then implement with low-cost, transparent, eligible funds."],"ja":["ここから各カテゴリーの詳細へ進めます。投信の比較方法、インデックス投信とETF、日本と全世界、日本株と米国株、高配当投資、REITなどです。口座・税のページは、それらの商品が入る「入れ物」を説明します。","一貫したテーマは、単一の「最良」商品を選ぶより、入れ物（NISA・iDeCo・課税）と資産配分のほうが重要ということです。まず口座と株式・債券の比率を決め、低コストで透明な対象商品で実装します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Beginners surveying what they can invest in","People deciding between funds, ETFs, and stocks"],"ja":["何に投資できるか見渡す初心者","投信・ETF・株式で迷う人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers wanting specific product picks","US taxpayers before PFIC review"],"ja":["具体的な商品選択を求める読者","PFIC確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["This is a map of categories, not a recommendation; every product here can lose money."],"ja":["これはカテゴリーの地図であり推奨ではありません。ここのどの商品も損失を出し得ます。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","mof-jgb-individual"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["how-to-compare-funds","index-funds-vs-etfs","japan-vs-global-investing","reits-japan","active-vs-passive-investing"]},{"slug":"how-to-compare-funds","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How to compare mutual funds","ja":"投資信託の比べ方"},"summary":{"en":"Benchmark, expense ratio, other costs, tracking difference, size, distributions, currency, and NISA eligibility — and why recent performance is not enough.","ja":"ベンチマーク・信託報酬・その他コスト・トラッキング差異・規模・分配・通貨・NISA対象、そして直近の成績だけでは不十分な理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Compare funds on benchmark, total cost, tracking difference, assets under management, distribution policy, currency/hedging, and NISA eligibility — not on last year’s return, which is an unreliable guide to future relative results.","ja":"ベンチマーク・総コスト・トラッキング差異・純資産・分配方針・通貨/ヘッジ・NISA対象で比べます。将来の相対結果の手がかりとして不確実な「昨年のリターン」では比べません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Start with the benchmark: two funds tracking different indices are not comparable.","Total cost = trust fee (信託報酬) plus transaction, custody, underlying-fund, spread, and tax costs.","Tracking difference is the fund return minus the benchmark over a defined period.","Larger, established funds (AUM) reduce closure and operational risk; check distributions and currency policy.","Confirm NISA eligibility by exact fund name and share class; ignore recent performance until last."],"ja":["まずベンチマーク：異なる指数を追う2本は比較できません。","総コスト＝信託報酬＋売買・保管・投資対象・スプレッド・税のコスト。","トラッキング差異は、定めた期間でのファンドのリターン−ベンチマーク。","大きく定着した投信（純資産）は繰上償還・運用リスクを下げます。分配と通貨方針を確認。","NISA対象は正確なファンド名・区分で確認。直近の成績は最後まで見ません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"benchmark-cost","heading":{"en":"Benchmark and cost","ja":"ベンチマークとコスト"},"body":{"en":["Begin with the benchmark. A fund tracking the S&P 500 and one tracking a global all-country index are answering different questions; comparing their returns directly is meaningless. Confirm what index each fund follows and whether that exposure is what you want.","Then compare total cost, not just the headline trust fee (信託報酬). A fund’s full cost includes transaction costs, custody, any underlying-fund expenses (for funds-of-funds), bid-ask spreads, and tax leakage. Among competitive Japanese index funds, expense ratios are very low, so small differences compound over decades — but the cheapest fee is not automatically best if the benchmark, tracking, or structure differs."],"ja":["まずベンチマークから。S&P500を追う投信と全世界指数を追う投信は別の問いに答えており、リターンを直接比べても意味がありません。各投信がどの指数を追い、その露出が自分の望むものかを確認します。","次に、表面の信託報酬だけでなく総コストを比べます。総コストには、売買コスト・保管・（ファンド・オブ・ファンズなら）投資対象ファンドの費用・売買スプレッド・税の漏れが含まれます。競争的な日本のインデックス投信では信託報酬は非常に低く、小さな差でも数十年で複利で効きますが、ベンチマーク・追随・構造が異なるなら最安が自動的に最良とは限りません。"]}},{"id":"tracking-size","heading":{"en":"Tracking difference, size, and distributions","ja":"トラッキング差異・規模・分配"},"body":{"en":["Tracking difference is the fund’s return minus its benchmark’s return over a defined period — the practical measure of how faithfully it delivers the index after costs. Two index funds on the same benchmark can differ because of fees, tax leakage, cash holdings, sampling, trading, and benchmark conventions. Compare over matching periods and a consistent return convention.","Assets under management (AUM) matter: a larger, established fund is less likely to close or face operational strain. Check the distribution policy — many Japanese index funds retain and reinvest income, which suits long-term accumulators — and the currency/hedging policy, since unhedged foreign funds carry exchange-rate risk."],"ja":["トラッキング差異は、定めた期間でのファンドのリターン−ベンチマークのリターンで、コスト差引後に指数をどれだけ忠実に再現するかの実務的な指標です。同じベンチマークの2本でも、手数料・税の漏れ・現金保有・サンプリング・売買・指数の慣行で差が出ます。一致する期間と一貫したリターンの基準で比べます。","純資産（AUM）も重要です。大きく定着した投信は、繰上償還や運用上の負担に直面しにくいです。分配方針を確認し（多くの日本のインデックス投信は収益を内部で再投資し、長期の資産形成に向きます）、通貨・ヘッジ方針も確認します。ヘッジなしの外貨投信は為替リスクを持つためです。"]}},{"id":"eligibility-performance","heading":{"en":"Eligibility, and why performance comes last","ja":"対象確認と、成績を最後に見る理由"},"body":{"en":["Confirm NISA eligibility by exact fund name and share class against the FSA list and your broker, and check the fund can be bought automatically in the allowance you intend. US taxpayers must add a separate PFIC step regardless of Japanese eligibility.","Only after all of that should you look at historical performance — and then only against the benchmark over matching periods. Choosing \"last year’s best fund\" is the classic mistake: recent outperformance is an unreliable predictor of future relative returns, and a top-ranked fund can lag the next year. Use performance to check that a fund is tracking its index sensibly, not to rank funds against each other."],"ja":["NISA対象は、正確なファンド名・区分をFSAリストと証券会社で確認し、意図した枠で自動買付できるかを確認します。米国納税者は、日本での対象可否に関わらず、別途PFICの段階を加えます。","これらすべての後に、初めて過去の成績を、しかも一致する期間でベンチマークと比較して見ます。「昨年最良の投信」を選ぶのは典型的な誤りです。直近の好成績は将来の相対リターンの予測として不確実で、上位の投信も翌年は劣後し得ます。成績は、投信が指数を妥当に追随しているかの確認に使い、投信同士を順位付けするためには使いません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors choosing between similar index funds","People tempted by fund ranking lists"],"ja":["似たインデックス投信で迷う投資家","ランキングに惹かれる人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers wanting a specific fund recommendation","US taxpayers before PFIC review"],"ja":["具体的な投信推奨を求める読者","PFIC確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Fees, AUM, and tracking change over time; retrieve the current prospectus and monthly report before buying."],"ja":["手数料・純資産・追随は時とともに変わります。購入前に最新の目論見書と月次レポートを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["investment-products-japan","index-funds-vs-etfs","active-vs-passive-investing","nisa-eligible-investments"]},{"slug":"index-funds-vs-etfs","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Index funds vs ETFs","ja":"インデックス投信とETF"},"summary":{"en":"Pricing, minimums, recurring purchases, spreads, distributions, currency conversion, and tax complexity compared.","ja":"価格の決まり方・最低額・積立・スプレッド・分配・両替・税務の複雑さを比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Index mutual funds price once daily, start from ¥100, and automate easily — ideal for long-term accumulation; ETFs trade intraday with limit orders and can be cheaper for large or specialised holdings, but add spreads, manual reinvestment, and (for foreign ETFs) currency and tax complexity.","ja":"インデックス投信は1日1回の価格で、100円から、積立が容易で長期の資産形成に向きます。ETFは指値で日中売買でき、大口や特殊な保有では割安なこともありますが、スプレッド・手動の再投資・（外国ETFなら）通貨と税の複雑さが加わります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Mutual funds: once-daily NAV, often ¥100 minimum, simplest recurring purchases, income usually retained.","ETFs: intraday market price, limit orders, but you bear the bid-ask spread.","ETFs commonly distribute cash; reinvestment is often manual unless the broker supports it.","Foreign ETFs may require direct FX conversion and add foreign-withholding complexity.","For automated long-term accumulation, mutual funds are usually simpler; ETFs suit intraday control and large trades."],"ja":["投信：1日1回の基準価額、多くは100円から、積立が最も簡単、収益は通常内部留保。","ETF：日中の市場価格、指値可、ただし売買スプレッドは自己負担。","ETFは現金を分配することが多く、再投資は証券会社が対応しない限り手動になりがち。","外国ETFは直接の両替が必要になり得て、外国源泉徴収の複雑さが加わります。","自動の長期積立は投信が簡単。ETFは日中の裁量や大口取引に向きます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"pricing-minimums","heading":{"en":"Pricing, minimums, and automation","ja":"価格・最低額・自動化"},"body":{"en":["An index mutual fund is priced once per day at its net asset value (基準価額), calculated after the order cutoff — so the price you get is not the one displayed when you order. At online brokers the minimum is often just ¥100, and recurring monthly purchases are simple to automate, which makes funds the natural tool for steady accumulation.","An ETF trades on an exchange at an intraday market price, so you can use limit orders and control your entry price. The trade-off is that you bear the bid-ask spread as a cost, and recurring automatic purchases are available at some brokers but far less universal than for mutual funds."],"ja":["インデックス投信は、注文締切後に算出される基準価額で1日1回価格が決まるため、注文時に表示された価格で約定するわけではありません。ネット証券では最低100円のことが多く、毎月の自動積立も簡単で、着実な資産形成の自然な手段になります。","ETFは取引所で日中の市場価格で売買されるため、指値注文で買値を管理できます。代わりに売買スプレッドをコストとして負担し、自動積立は一部の証券会社にありますが、投信ほど普遍的ではありません。"]}},{"id":"distributions-fx","heading":{"en":"Distributions and currency","ja":"分配と通貨"},"body":{"en":["Distribution behaviour differs. Many Japanese index mutual funds retain and reinvest income inside the fund, which compounds automatically and simplifies long-term holding. ETFs commonly distribute cash, and unless your broker offers automatic reinvestment, you must manually reinvest each distribution — a small but recurring task.","Currency adds another layer. A yen-denominated mutual fund embeds any currency conversion inside the fund. A foreign ETF may require you to convert yen to the foreign currency directly, incurring an FX spread, and foreign distributions can carry source-country withholding. For a yen investor, these operational and tax details often outweigh a tiny fee difference."],"ja":["分配の挙動が異なります。多くの日本のインデックス投信は収益をファンド内で内部留保・再投資し、自動で複利が効き、長期保有を簡単にします。ETFは現金を分配することが多く、証券会社が自動再投資に対応しない限り、分配のたびに手動で再投資する必要があります——小さいながら継続的な手間です。","通貨がもう一層加わります。円建て投信は両替をファンド内に内包します。外国ETFは、円を外貨へ直接両替する必要があり為替スプレッドがかかり、外国の分配は源泉地国の課税を伴い得ます。円建ての投資家にとって、これらの運用・税務の細部は、わずかな手数料差を上回ることがよくあります。"]}},{"id":"which","heading":{"en":"Which fits you","ja":"どちらが向くか"},"body":{"en":["For most beginners accumulating monthly in NISA, an index mutual fund is simpler: ¥100 minimums, easy automation, embedded reinvestment, and no spread or manual FX. This is why the standard beginner path centres on one low-cost index fund.","ETFs earn their place when you want intraday control, limit orders, portability, specialised exposures a fund does not offer, or lower cost on large trades. Many investors use both — funds for the automated core, ETFs for specific satellite holdings — choosing per goal rather than declaring one universally better."],"ja":["NISAで毎月積み立てる多くの初心者には、インデックス投信が簡単です。100円から、容易な自動化、内包された再投資、スプレッドや手動両替なし。だから標準の初心者の道は低コストのインデックス投信1本を中心にします。","ETFは、日中の裁量・指値・持ち運び・投信にない特殊な露出・大口取引での低コストを望むときに活きます。多くの投資家は両方を使い——自動の核に投信、特定のサテライトにETF——どちらが普遍的に優れると断じるより、目的ごとに選びます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors choosing a vehicle for the same exposure","People deciding how to hold foreign equities"],"ja":["同じ露出の器を選ぶ投資家","外国株の持ち方を決める人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Day traders needing execution detail","US taxpayers before PFIC review"],"ja":["執行の詳細が必要なデイトレーダー","PFIC確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["A yen-listed ETF still carries underlying foreign-currency exposure; check what it holds, not just how it trades."],"ja":["円建て上場のETFでも原資産は外貨露出を持ちます。売買方法だけでなく保有内容を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","nta-listed-dividends"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["how-to-compare-funds","investment-products-japan","currency-risk-yen","us-stocks-from-japan"]},{"slug":"japan-vs-global-investing","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Japanese vs global investments","ja":"日本と全世界の投資"},"summary":{"en":"Country and currency concentration, sector differences, familiarity bias, matching yen liabilities, and the role each can play.","ja":"国・通貨の集中、業種の違い、身近さの偏り、円建て負債との対応、それぞれの役割。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A Japan-only portfolio concentrates you in one country, one currency, and an export/industrial-heavy market; a global portfolio spreads across many economies and sectors but adds currency and geopolitical dispersion — most investors use global as the core, with a Japan tilt optional.","ja":"日本のみは1国・1通貨・輸出/工業中心の市場に集中します。全世界は多くの経済・業種に分散する一方、通貨と地政学のばらつきが加わります。多くの投資家は全世界を核にし、日本の上乗せは任意です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Japan-only exposes you to one economy, predominantly the yen, and an export/industrial/financial tilt.","Global spreads across many economies, currencies, and a wider technology/healthcare/consumer mix.","Familiarity bias makes home markets feel safer than the diversification math supports.","A yen home bias can better match future yen spending; global better diversifies overall risk.","A common structure is a global core with an optional, modest Japan tilt."],"ja":["日本のみは1つの経済・主に円・輸出/工業/金融寄りにさらされます。","全世界は多くの経済・通貨、より広い技術/ヘルスケア/消費に分散します。","身近さの偏りで、分散の理屈以上に自国市場が安全に感じられます。","円の自国寄りは将来の円支出に合いやすく、全世界は総リスクをよく分散します。","よくある構成は、全世界を核に、任意で控えめな日本の上乗せです。"]},"sections":[{"id":"concentration","heading":{"en":"Concentration and currency","ja":"集中と通貨"},"body":{"en":["The core difference is breadth. A Japan-only portfolio ties your outcome to one economy, one political and regulatory system, and predominantly the yen. A global portfolio holds many economies and currencies, so no single country’s fortunes dominate. In terms of numbers of economies and currencies, global is simply more diversified.","Sector mix follows. The Japanese market carries significant industrial, financial, and export exposure, while a global index adds a wider technology, healthcare, and consumer mix. Neither is \"better,\" but they behave differently, and holding only one leaves you exposed to that one profile."],"ja":["核心の違いは幅です。日本のみは、結果を1つの経済・1つの政治規制体制・主に円に結び付けます。全世界は多くの経済・通貨を保有し、単一の国の運不運が支配しません。経済や通貨の数という点で、全世界は単純により分散されています。","業種構成も続きます。日本市場は工業・金融・輸出の露出が大きく、全世界指数はより広い技術・ヘルスケア・消費を加えます。どちらが「良い」ではありませんが、挙動が異なり、一方だけを持つとその一つのプロファイルにさらされます。"]}},{"id":"bias-liabilities","heading":{"en":"Familiarity bias and yen liabilities","ja":"身近さの偏りと円建て負債"},"body":{"en":["It is natural to overweight what you know. Familiarity makes home-country stocks feel safer, but comfort is not diversification — a portfolio of only familiar names can still be highly concentrated. Recognising home bias is the first step to sizing it deliberately rather than by default.","There is a legitimate case for some Japan tilt: if your future spending — rent, education, retirement — will be in yen, yen-denominated assets more directly match those liabilities and reduce currency mismatch. This is a reason to hold some Japan or some yen exposure, not a reason to abandon global diversification."],"ja":["知っているものを過大に持つのは自然です。身近さで自国株が安全に感じられますが、安心は分散ではありません——馴染みの銘柄だけでも高度に集中し得ます。自国バイアスを認識することが、既定ではなく意図的に配分する第一歩です。","ある程度の日本寄りには正当な理由があります。将来の支出——家賃・教育・老後——が円なら、円建て資産はその負債により直接対応し、通貨の不一致を減らします。これは日本や円の露出を一部持つ理由であり、全世界の分散を捨てる理由ではありません。"]}},{"id":"roles","heading":{"en":"Sensible roles","ja":"妥当な役割"},"body":{"en":["A widely used structure is a global (all-country) equity fund as the core diversification, optionally combined with a modest Japan tilt or a yen-linked sleeve to match home spending. This captures broad growth while acknowledging that you live and spend in yen.","Whichever you choose, remember the global option’s main added risks — foreign currency, geopolitics, and valuation dispersion — and the Japan-only option’s main risk — home-country concentration. The decision is about which risks you prefer to hold, sized to your goals, not about predicting which market will win."],"ja":["広く使われる構成は、全世界（オールカントリー）株式を核の分散とし、任意で控えめな日本の上乗せや円連動の部分を、自国支出に合わせて組み合わせるものです。これは広範な成長を取り込みつつ、円で暮らし支出する現実を認めます。","どちらを選んでも、全世界の主な追加リスク——外貨・地政学・バリュエーションのばらつき——と、日本のみの主なリスク——自国集中——を覚えておきます。判断は、どちらの市場が勝つかの予測ではなく、目標に合わせてどのリスクを持つ方が良いかです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors choosing between Japan and global funds","People with mostly-yen future spending"],"ja":["日本と全世界で迷う投資家","将来の支出が主に円の人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers wanting a market forecast","Anyone seeking a single correct weighting"],"ja":["市場予測を求める読者","唯一正しい比率を求める人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Neither approach guarantees a positive return; past relative performance of Japan vs global does not predict the future."],"ja":["どちらの方法もプラスのリターンを保証しません。日本と全世界の過去の相対成績は将来を予測しません。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["diversification-asset-allocation","investing-in-japanese-stocks","us-stocks-from-japan","currency-risk-yen"]},{"slug":"investing-in-japanese-stocks","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Investing in Japanese stocks","ja":"日本株への投資"},"summary":{"en":"The Tokyo Stock Exchange, trading units and odd lots, TOPIX vs Nikkei, dividends and shareholder benefits, and NISA.","ja":"東京証券取引所、売買単位と単元未満株、TOPIXとNikkei、配当と株主優待、NISA。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Japanese shares trade on the Tokyo Stock Exchange in units (usually 100 shares), though odd-lot/fractional services let you buy less; broad exposure comes via TOPIX or Nikkei 225, and eligible shares can be held in NISA’s growth allowance.","ja":"日本株は東京証券取引所で単元（通常100株）で売買されますが、単元未満株サービスで少なく買えます。広い露出はTOPIXやNikkei 225で得られ、対象銘柄はNISAの成長投資枠で持てます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Shares trade on the Tokyo Stock Exchange, normally in units of 100; odd-lot services allow smaller buys.","TOPIX is broad and capitalisation-weighted; the Nikkei 225 is price-weighted and more concentrated.","Japanese companies pay dividends and some offer shareholder benefit programs (株主優待).","Eligible individual shares fit NISA’s growth allowance, not the recurring allowance.","A single stock concentrates company-specific risk; a broad fund diversifies it."],"ja":["株式は東証で通常100株単位で売買。単元未満株サービスで少額購入も可能。","TOPIXは広く時価総額加重、Nikkei 225は株価加重でより集中的です。","日本企業は配当を払い、一部は株主優待を提供します。","対象の個別株はNISAの成長投資枠に入り、つみたて枠には入りません。","個別株は企業固有リスクを集中させ、広い投信はそれを分散します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"exchange-units","heading":{"en":"The exchange and trading units","ja":"取引所と売買単位"},"body":{"en":["Japanese listed shares trade on the Tokyo Stock Exchange, generally in trading units (単元) of 100 shares, so a ¥3,000 share implies a ¥300,000 lot. To invest smaller amounts, many brokers offer odd-lot or fractional-share services (単元未満株) that let you buy fewer than one unit, though pricing and available stocks differ by broker.","Orders can be market (成行) — prompt execution at available prices — or limit (指値) — only at your specified price or better. Understanding the difference matters: a market order is likely to fill but at an uncertain price, while a limit order controls price but may not execute."],"ja":["日本の上場株式は東京証券取引所で、通常100株の単元で売買されるため、株価3,000円なら1単元は30万円です。少額で投資するため、多くの証券会社は単元未満株サービスを提供し、1単元未満で買えますが、価格や対象銘柄は会社ごとに異なります。","注文は成行（利用可能な価格で速やかに約定）か指値（指定価格以上でのみ約定）です。違いの理解は重要で、成行は約定しやすいが価格は不確実、指値は価格を管理できるが約定しないことがあります。"]}},{"id":"indices-dividends","heading":{"en":"TOPIX, Nikkei, dividends, and benefits","ja":"TOPIX・Nikkei・配当・優待"},"body":{"en":["For broad Japanese exposure, two indices dominate. TOPIX is a broad, capitalisation-weighted index of a large swath of the market. The Nikkei 225 is price-weighted and more concentrated in a smaller set of high-priced names, so the two can behave differently. Index funds and ETFs track each; most investors seeking Japan exposure use a broad-market fund rather than picking individual stocks.","Japanese companies commonly pay dividends, and many operate shareholder benefit programs (株主優待) offering goods, vouchers, or discounts to holders. These perks can be appealing but should not drive investment decisions — the underlying business economics and valuation matter far more than a coupon."],"ja":["広い日本株の露出には2つの指数が主流です。TOPIXは市場の広い範囲を時価総額加重で捉えます。Nikkei 225は株価加重で、少数の高株価銘柄に集中するため、両者は挙動が異なり得ます。インデックス投信・ETFが各々を追随し、日本の露出を求める多くの投資家は個別株選びより広い市場の投信を使います。","日本企業は一般に配当を払い、多くが株主優待（物品・金券・割引）を提供します。優待は魅力的ですが投資判断を左右すべきではありません。券より、原資産の事業の経済性とバリュエーションのほうがはるかに重要です。"]}},{"id":"nisa-selection","heading":{"en":"NISA and choosing how to invest","ja":"NISAと投資方法の選択"},"body":{"en":["Eligible individual Japanese shares can be bought in NISA’s growth allowance (成長投資枠), not the recurring allowance, which is reserved for screened funds. Broad Japanese index funds and ETFs can sit in either allowance depending on eligibility. Dividends need the proportional allocation method to stay tax-free in NISA.","If you do pick individual stocks, treat it as a deliberate, limited sleeve on top of a diversified core — fundamental analysis of business economics, governance, balance sheet, and valuation is demanding, and a single company can suffer permanent loss. The common mistake is concentrating a whole portfolio in an employer’s stock or a few familiar brands."],"ja":["対象の個別日本株は、つみたて枠（選定投信専用）ではなくNISAの成長投資枠で買えます。広い日本のインデックス投信・ETFは、対象可否により両枠のいずれにも入り得ます。配当をNISAで非課税に保つには株式数比例配分方式が必要です。","個別株を選ぶなら、分散された核の上に意図的で限定的な部分として扱います——事業の経済性・ガバナンス・財務・バリュエーションのファンダメンタル分析は難しく、1社が恒久的損失を被り得ます。よくある誤りは、勤務先の株や少数の馴染みブランドにポートフォリオ全体を集中させることです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors considering direct Japanese shares","People choosing a Japan index vs stocks"],"ja":["日本株の直接購入を検討する投資家","日本の指数か個別株かを選ぶ人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers seeking specific stock tips","Anyone wanting shareholder-perk maximisation advice"],"ja":["具体的な銘柄情報を求める読者","株主優待の最大化助言を求める人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Individual stocks carry company-specific risk of permanent loss; shareholder perks are not a reason to buy."],"ja":["個別株は恒久的損失の企業固有リスクを伴います。株主優待は購入理由になりません。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["japan-vs-global-investing","investment-products-japan","nisa-eligible-investments","active-vs-passive-investing"]},{"slug":"us-stocks-from-japan","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Investing in US stocks from Japan","ja":"日本から米国株に投資する"},"summary":{"en":"Broker support, yen-to-dollar conversion, commissions, dividends and withholding, NISA, and US-taxpayer complications.","ja":"証券会社の対応、円からドルへの両替、手数料、配当と源泉徴収、NISA、米国納税者の注意点。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Major brokers support US shares and ETFs; you convert yen to dollars (an FX spread), pay a commission (often 0.495% capped at US$22 in taxable accounts, ¥0 for covered NISA products), and US dividends face US withholding even in NISA — while US taxpayers face separate US reporting.","ja":"主要な証券会社は米国株・ETFに対応します。円をドルに両替し（為替スプレッド）、手数料を払い（課税口座は多くが0.495%・上限22米ドル、対象のNISA商品は0円）、米国配当はNISAでも米国で源泉徴収されます。米国納税者は別途米国での報告が生じます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and IBKR Japan support US shares and ETFs; availability of specific tickers differs.","You convert yen to dollars, paying an FX spread; some brokers advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread.","Taxable US commission is commonly 0.495% capped at US$22; NISA-covered US products can be ¥0.","US dividends face US source-country withholding even inside NISA; NISA removes only Japanese tax.","US taxpayers face separate US reporting, and some brokers restrict US persons from foreign-stock trading."],"ja":["SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・IBKR証券が米国株・ETFに対応。取扱銘柄は会社ごとに異なります。","円をドルに両替し為替スプレッドを負担。リアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社もあります。","課税口座の米国株手数料は多くが0.495%・上限22米ドル。NISA対象の米国商品は0円のことも。","米国配当はNISA内でも米国で源泉徴収されます。NISAが消すのは日本の税だけです。","米国納税者は別途米国での報告が生じ、一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を制限します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"access-cost","heading":{"en":"Broker access and cost","ja":"証券会社の対応とコスト"},"body":{"en":["Buying US shares and ETFs from Japan is well supported at major brokers such as SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and Interactive Brokers Japan, though the exact list of available tickers varies. To buy, you generally convert yen to US dollars, which incurs an FX spread — some brokers advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread, but always confirm the current conversion terms rather than assuming.","On commissions, several brokers charge about 0.495% of the trade value in a taxable account, capped at roughly US$22; for NISA-covered US shares and ETFs, the commission can be ¥0. As always, \"zero commission\" does not mean zero cost — spreads, market and regulatory fees, and currency conversion remain."],"ja":["日本からの米国株・ETF購入は、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券などで十分対応していますが、取扱銘柄の一覧は会社ごとに異なります。購入には通常、円を米ドルに両替し為替スプレッドがかかります。リアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社もありますが、思い込まず現行の両替条件を確認してください。","手数料は、課税口座で約定代金の約0.495%・上限約22米ドルとする会社が複数あります。NISA対象の米国株・ETFは手数料0円のことも。いつも通り「手数料無料」は「コスト0」ではありません。スプレッド・市場/規制手数料・両替は残ります。"]}},{"id":"dividends-nisa","heading":{"en":"Dividends, withholding, and NISA","ja":"配当・源泉徴収・NISA"},"body":{"en":["US dividends carry US source-country withholding, and this remains even when the shares are held in NISA — NISA removes the Japanese tax, not the US tax. Because there is no Japanese tax on that NISA income, the usual foreign-tax-credit route may not recover the US withholding, so model the after-withholding yield rather than assuming NISA makes US dividends fully tax-free.","Outside NISA, US dividends and gains face both potential US withholding and Japanese tax, with foreign-tax-credit relief available through a Japanese return. Eligible US shares and ETFs can be held in NISA’s growth allowance where the broker supports them, but confirm eligibility per product."],"ja":["米国配当は米国の源泉徴収を伴い、NISAで保有していても残ります——NISAが消すのは日本の税で米国の税ではありません。そのNISA所得には日本の税がないため、通常の外国税額控除では米国の源泉徴収を取り戻せないことがあり、NISAで米国配当が完全非課税と決めつけず、源泉徴収後の利回りで試算してください。","NISA外では、米国配当・利益は米国の源泉徴収の可能性と日本の税の両方に直面し、日本での確定申告で外国税額控除を受けられます。対象の米国株・ETFは、証券会社が対応すればNISAの成長投資枠で持てますが、商品ごとに対象可否を確認してください。"]}},{"id":"us-persons","heading":{"en":"US taxpayers and cross-border warnings","ja":"米国納税者と越境の注意"},"body":{"en":["US citizens, green-card holders, and other US taxpayers face separate US reporting on US (and all) investment income regardless of Japanese treatment, and some brokers restrict US persons from foreign-stock trading — Rakuten, for example, states that US persons may not trade its foreign-stock products. These are commercial and regulatory policies, not a universal NISA rule.","For US persons, US-domiciled ETFs and individual securities are often simpler than Japanese mutual funds because they avoid PFIC problems — but only after individual cross-border advice covering US tax, foreign tax credits, FBAR, Form 8938, and estate-tax exposure on US-situated assets. Keep statements in both yen and US-dollar terms."],"ja":["米国市民・グリーンカード保有者・その他の米国納税者は、日本での扱いに関わらず米国（およびすべて）の投資所得について別途米国で報告し、一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を制限します——例えば楽天は米国人が同社の外国株商品を取引できないとしています。これらは商業・規制上の方針で、普遍的なNISAの規則ではありません。","米国人には、米国籍ETFや個別証券のほうが、PFIC問題を避けられるため日本の投信より単純なことが多いです——ただし米国の税・外国税額控除・FBAR・Form 8938・米国所在資産の遺産税を含む個別の越境助言の後で判断すべきです。明細は円と米ドルの両方で保管してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors buying US shares or ETFs from Japan","People weighing US concentration"],"ja":["日本から米国株・ETFを買う投資家","米国集中を検討する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["US taxpayers before cross-border review","Readers seeking specific US stock picks"],"ja":["越境確認前の米国納税者","具体的な米国銘柄を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["US-situated assets can create US estate-tax exposure for non-US persons; get advice for large holdings."],"ja":["米国所在資産は非米国人にも米国遺産税の対象となり得ます。多額の保有は助言を受けてください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-us-citizen"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","nta-listed-dividends","sbi-fees","rakuten-fees"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["us-taxpayers-investing-japan","currency-risk-yen","index-funds-vs-etfs","japan-vs-global-investing"]},{"slug":"high-dividend-investing","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"High-dividend investing in Japan","ja":"日本での高配当投資"},"summary":{"en":"Dividend yield and yield traps, sector concentration, total return vs income, and tax/NISA considerations.","ja":"配当利回りと利回りの罠、業種集中、トータルリターンと分配、税・NISAの考慮点。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A high dividend yield is not automatically safer or better — it can reflect a falling price or an unsustainable payout, and high-dividend strategies concentrate sectors; focus on total return, not yield alone, and mind the tax treatment.","ja":"高い配当利回りは自動的に安全でも有利でもありません。株価下落や持続不能な配当を反映することがあり、高配当戦略は業種を集中させます。利回りだけでなくトータルリターンに注目し、税務に留意します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Dividend yield = dividend ÷ price, so a falling price can mechanically raise the yield (a \"yield trap\").","High-dividend funds and ETFs tend to concentrate in mature, dividend-paying sectors.","Total return (price change plus income) matters more than headline yield.","A distribution is not free money — the asset’s value generally adjusts down when it pays.","For NISA, share/ETF/REIT dividends need the proportional allocation method to stay tax-free."],"ja":["配当利回り＝配当÷株価。株価下落は機械的に利回りを上げます（利回りの罠）。","高配当の投信・ETFは、成熟した配当支払い業種に集中しがちです。","トータルリターン（価格変化＋分配）は、表面利回りより重要です。","分配はタダのお金ではありません——支払時に資産価値は通常下方調整されます。","NISAでは、株式・ETF・REITの配当は株式数比例配分方式でないと非課税になりません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"yield-traps","heading":{"en":"Yield, and the yield trap","ja":"利回りと利回りの罠"},"body":{"en":["Dividend yield is the annual dividend divided by the price. Because price is the denominator, a yield can rise simply because the share price fell — sometimes signalling that the market expects the dividend to be cut. This is the classic \"yield trap\": chasing the highest yield can lead you into companies whose high yield reflects trouble, not generosity.","A high yield is therefore not evidence of safety. Assess whether the payout is sustainable from earnings and cash flow, not just how large it looks today. A moderate, well-covered dividend from a healthy business can be far more reliable than a headline yield from a struggling one."],"ja":["配当利回りは、年間配当を株価で割ったものです。分母が株価のため、株価が下がっただけで利回りは上がります——ときに市場が減配を予想しているサインです。これが典型的な「利回りの罠」で、最高利回りを追うと、高利回りが寛大さではなく問題を反映する企業に入り込みかねません。","よって高利回りは安全の証拠ではありません。今どれだけ大きく見えるかではなく、配当が利益とキャッシュフローから持続可能かを評価します。健全な事業の、無理のない中程度の配当は、苦境の企業の表面利回りよりはるかに信頼できます。"]}},{"id":"concentration-total","heading":{"en":"Concentration and total return","ja":"集中とトータルリターン"},"body":{"en":["High-dividend funds and ETFs screen for yield, which tends to concentrate holdings in mature, dividend-paying sectors and tilt away from lower-yielding growth areas. That creates factor and sector biases you may not intend — a \"high-dividend\" fund is an active-style bet on a slice of the market, not a neutral diversified holding.","The more useful lens is total return: price change plus income together. A distribution is not free return — when a fund or company pays out, its value generally adjusts down by roughly that amount, so income and capital are two sides of the same coin. For long-term accumulation, a broad fund that retains and reinvests income can compound more simply than a high-payout strategy."],"ja":["高配当の投信・ETFは利回りでスクリーニングするため、成熟した配当支払い業種に集中し、低利回りの成長分野から離れがちです。これは意図しないファクター・業種の偏りを生みます——「高配当」投信は、市場の一部への実質アクティブな賭けであり、中立で分散された保有ではありません。","より有用な視点はトータルリターン、すなわち価格変化と分配の合計です。分配はタダのリターンではありません——投信や企業が払い出すと、その分だけ価値は通常下方調整され、収益と元本は表裏一体です。長期の資産形成では、収益を内部で再投資する広い投信のほうが、高分配戦略より単純に複利が効きます。"]}},{"id":"tax-retirement","heading":{"en":"Tax, NISA, and the retirement myth","ja":"税・NISA・退職の誤解"},"body":{"en":["Taxes matter for income strategies. Outside NISA, dividends are generally taxed at 20.315%, and frequent distributions create recurring taxable events. Inside NISA, share, ETF, and REIT dividends require the proportional allocation method to be tax-free, and foreign dividends can still face source-country withholding.","Finally, a common misconception is that dividends should fund retirement. Relying only on high-dividend securities concentrates risk and can force you into yield traps; a total-return approach — holding a diversified portfolio and selling small amounts as needed — is often more robust and better diversified than chasing income. Income has a role, but it is not automatically safer."],"ja":["収益戦略には税が効きます。NISA外では配当は通常20.315%課税され、頻繁な分配は繰り返し課税イベントを生みます。NISA内では、株式・ETF・REITの配当を非課税にするには株式数比例配分方式が必要で、外国配当は源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。","最後に、配当で退職資金をまかなうべきという誤解があります。高配当証券だけに頼るとリスクが集中し、利回りの罠に陥りかねません。トータルリターンの考え方——分散したポートフォリオを持ち、必要に応じて少しずつ売る——は、収益追求より頑健で分散されることが多いです。収益には役割がありますが、自動的に安全ではありません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors drawn to dividend income","People planning income in retirement"],"ja":["配当収入に惹かれる投資家","退職後の収入を計画する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers seeking specific high-yield picks","US taxpayers before review"],"ja":["具体的な高利回り銘柄を求める読者","確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["A high yield can signal risk, not reward; never select purely by yield."],"ja":["高利回りは報酬ではなくリスクの兆候のことがあります。利回りだけで選ばないでください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","nta-listed-dividends"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["nisa-dividends","investment-products-japan","active-vs-passive-investing","reits-japan"]},{"slug":"reits-japan","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"REIT funds and J-REITs","ja":"REITファンドとJ-REIT"},"summary":{"en":"What REITs are, Japanese vs global, interest-rate sensitivity, leverage and property risk, and their portfolio role.","ja":"REITとは何か、日本と全世界、金利感応度、レバレッジと不動産リスク、ポートフォリオでの役割。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"REITs are listed trusts that own income-producing property; they offer property exposure and income but behave with equity-like volatility and are sensitive to interest rates and leverage — a satellite holding, not a substitute for safe bonds.","ja":"REITは収益不動産を保有する上場信託で、不動産の露出と収益を与えますが、株式並みの変動を持ち金利とレバレッジに敏感です。安全な債券の代わりではなく、サテライトの保有です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["REITs (不動産投資信託) own income-producing real estate and trade like shares.","J-REITs are Japanese; global REIT funds add foreign property and currency exposure.","REITs are sensitive to interest rates: rising rates often pressure prices.","Leverage and property-sector concentration add risk beyond ordinary equities.","Treat REITs as a satellite for diversification and income, not as a safe-bond replacement."],"ja":["REIT（不動産投資信託）は収益不動産を保有し、株式のように売買されます。","J-REITは日本、全世界REIT投信は外国不動産と通貨露出を加えます。","REITは金利に敏感で、金利上昇はしばしば価格を圧迫します。","レバレッジと不動産セクターの集中が、通常の株式を超えるリスクを加えます。","REITは分散と収益のサテライトとして扱い、安全な債券の代わりにしません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what","heading":{"en":"What REITs are","ja":"REITとは"},"body":{"en":["A REIT (Real Estate Investment Trust, 不動産投資信託) is a listed or unlisted trust that owns and operates income-producing property — offices, retail, logistics, residential, or hotels — and passes rental income to investors. Because they trade on an exchange (for J-REITs) or via funds, they give property exposure without the cost and illiquidity of buying a building directly.","You can hold REITs through individual listed J-REITs, a broad J-REIT ETF, or a REIT fund (Japanese or global). A global REIT fund adds foreign property and, being unhedged, foreign-currency exposure on top of the property risk."],"ja":["REIT（不動産投資信託）は、収益不動産——オフィス・商業・物流・住宅・ホテル——を保有・運用し、賃料収入を投資家に渡す上場または非上場の信託です。取引所（J-REIT）やファンドを通じて売買されるため、建物を直接買うコストや流動性の低さなしに不動産の露出を得られます。","REITは、個別の上場J-REIT、広いJ-REIT ETF、またはREITファンド（日本または全世界）で保有できます。全世界REIT投信は外国不動産を加え、ヘッジなしのため不動産リスクの上に外貨露出も加わります。"]}},{"id":"risks","heading":{"en":"Rate sensitivity, leverage, and volatility","ja":"金利感応度・レバレッジ・変動"},"body":{"en":["REITs are notably sensitive to interest rates. Because they rely on borrowing and their income is valued against prevailing yields, rising interest rates often pressure REIT prices, while falling rates can support them. This rate link means REITs can fall even when broad equities are steady, and vice versa.","They also use leverage (borrowing to buy property) and can be concentrated in specific property sectors, both of which amplify risk. In practice REITs display equity-like volatility and can suffer large drawdowns. They are income-oriented, but that income comes with real capital risk."],"ja":["REITは金利に著しく敏感です。借入に依存し、収益が市場利回りに対して評価されるため、金利上昇はしばしばREIT価格を圧迫し、低下は支えになり得ます。この金利連動により、REITは広い株式が安定していても下落し得て、その逆もあります。","またレバレッジ（不動産購入のための借入）を使い、特定の不動産セクターに集中し得て、どちらもリスクを増幅します。実際にREITは株式並みの変動を示し、大きな下落を被り得ます。収益志向ですが、その収益は現実の元本リスクを伴います。"]}},{"id":"role","heading":{"en":"Portfolio role","ja":"ポートフォリオでの役割"},"body":{"en":["A common mistake is treating REITs as a safe, bond-like income source. They are not: their equity-like volatility and rate sensitivity make them a growth/income asset, not a stability anchor. If your goal is to reduce portfolio volatility or match yen liabilities, safe bonds or cash do that job; REITs do not replace them.","Used deliberately, a modest REIT allocation can add diversification (property returns are not identical to broad equities) and income to a portfolio. Size it as a satellite, understand the rate and leverage risks, and check NISA eligibility and dividend receipt method if you hold them there."],"ja":["よくある誤りは、REITを安全で債券のような収益源と捉えることです。そうではありません。株式並みの変動と金利感応度により、REITは安定の錨ではなく成長/収益資産です。ポートフォリオの変動を下げる・円建て負債に合わせるのが目的なら、それは安全な債券や現金の役割で、REITは代わりになりません。","意図的に使えば、控えめなREIT配分は分散（不動産のリターンは広い株式と同一ではない）と収益をポートフォリオに加えられます。サテライトとして配分し、金利とレバレッジのリスクを理解し、NISAで持つなら対象可否と配当の受取方法を確認します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors considering property exposure","People seeking income diversification"],"ja":["不動産の露出を検討する投資家","収益の分散を求める人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone wanting a bond substitute","Readers seeking specific REIT picks"],"ja":["債券の代替を求める人","具体的なREIT銘柄を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["REITs carry equity-like volatility and rate risk; they are not a safe, bond-like holding."],"ja":["REITは株式並みの変動と金利リスクを持ちます。安全な債券のような保有ではありません。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","nta-listed-dividends"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["high-dividend-investing","investment-products-japan","diversification-asset-allocation"]},{"slug":"ideco-complete-guide","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"iDeCo: the complete guide","ja":"iDeCo完全ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"Eligibility, contribution limits, the three tax advantages, product menus, fees, withdrawal restrictions, and upcoming changes.","ja":"加入資格、拠出限度、3つの税制優遇、商品ラインナップ、手数料、引き出し制限、今後の改正。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"iDeCo is a private defined-contribution pension whose contributions are generally fully deductible from income and whose growth is tax-deferred, in exchange for locking the money until eligible retirement age; limits depend on employment and employer-pension coverage.","ja":"iDeCoは私的な確定拠出年金で、掛金は原則全額所得控除、運用益は課税繰延です。代わりに受給年齢まで資金を固定します。上限は雇用形態と企業年金の加入状況で変わります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Three tax advantages: deductible contributions, tax-deferred growth, and retirement/pension deductions on receipt.","Minimum contribution is normally ¥5,000/month in ¥1,000 increments; limits depend on your pension category.","Money is generally locked until eligible retirement age — no emergency withdrawals.","You choose from the plan administrator’s menu; watch account and product fees.","Rule changes scheduled from December 2026 broaden some limits — verify current figures when enrolling."],"ja":["3つの税制優遇：掛金の所得控除、運用益の課税繰延、受取時の退職・年金控除。","最低掛金は通常月5,000円・1,000円単位。上限は年金の区分で変わります。","資金は原則受給年齢まで固定——緊急の引き出しは不可。","運営管理機関のメニューから選択。口座・商品の手数料に注意。","2026年12月からの改正で一部上限が拡大——加入時に最新値を確認。"]},"sections":[{"id":"tax","heading":{"en":"The three tax advantages","ja":"3つの税制優遇"},"body":{"en":["iDeCo (個人型確定拠出年金) is a private defined-contribution pension with three tax advantages. First, contributions are generally fully deductible from your income, so they reduce this year’s income tax and resident tax — an immediate, certain benefit that scales with your marginal rate. Second, investment returns accumulate without current tax (tax-deferred). Third, retirement or pension deductions may apply when you eventually receive the money.","This up-front deduction is what can make iDeCo outrank NISA for higher earners: NISA’s benefit is tax-free growth, while iDeCo adds a certain deduction today. The trade-off is liquidity, discussed below."],"ja":["iDeCo（個人型確定拠出年金）は、3つの税制優遇を持つ私的な確定拠出年金です。第一に、掛金は原則全額所得控除となり、その年の所得税・住民税を減らします——限界税率に応じて効く、即時で確実な利点です。第二に、運用益は当年課税なしで積み上がります（課税繰延）。第三に、最終的に受け取る際に退職・年金控除が適用され得ます。","この掛金控除が、高所得者でiDeCoをNISAより優先させ得る理由です。NISAの利点は非課税成長で、iDeCoは今日の確実な控除を加えます。トレードオフは流動性で、以下で述べます。"]}},{"id":"eligibility-limits","heading":{"en":"Eligibility, limits, and fees","ja":"加入資格・上限・手数料"},"body":{"en":["Most working-age residents can join, but contribution limits depend on your pension category — self-employed (Category 1), employees (Category 2), and dependent spouses (Category 3) have different ceilings, and an employer defined-contribution or defined-benefit plan can reduce your iDeCo room. Minimum contributions are normally ¥5,000 per month in ¥1,000 increments.","You invest from the plan administrator’s menu, typically low-cost index funds plus target-date and principal-protected options. Watch fees: iDeCo carries account-management and administrative charges on top of fund expenses, so a low-cost administrator and low-cost funds matter over a multi-decade horizon."],"ja":["大半の就労世代の居住者が加入できますが、拠出上限は年金の区分によります——自営業（第1号）、会社員（第2号）、被扶養配偶者（第3号）で上限が異なり、勤務先の確定拠出・確定給付の制度はiDeCoの枠を減らし得ます。最低掛金は通常月5,000円・1,000円単位です。","運用は運営管理機関のメニュー——通常は低コストのインデックス投信に加え、ターゲットデートや元本確保型——から行います。手数料に注意します。iDeCoは投信の費用に加え、口座管理・事務の手数料がかかるため、低コストの運営管理機関と低コストの投信が数十年の期間で効きます。"]}},{"id":"lockup-changes","heading":{"en":"Withdrawal restrictions and upcoming changes","ja":"引き出し制限と今後の改正"},"body":{"en":["The defining constraint is lock-up: iDeCo funds are generally inaccessible until eligible retirement age, and you cannot make an emergency withdrawal. This is why iDeCo suits money you are confident you will not need before retirement, and why NISA — fully flexible — usually comes first for general saving. Employer-plan interactions and receipt taxation also deserve attention: how you take the money (lump sum vs pension) affects the applicable deductions.","Rules are changing: reforms scheduled from December 2026 broaden some contribution limits. Anyone enrolling around that date should verify the implemented figures rather than relying on pre-change numbers, and confirm how the changes interact with any employer plan."],"ja":["決定的な制約はロックアップです。iDeCoの資金は原則受給年齢まで引き出せず、緊急の引き出しはできません。だからiDeCoは退職前に使わないと確信できる資金に向き、完全に柔軟なNISAが一般の貯蓄では先に来がちです。勤務先制度との関係や受取時の課税も重要で、受け取り方（一時金か年金か）で適用される控除が変わります。","規則は変わります。2026年12月からの改正で一部の拠出上限が拡大します。その時期に加入する人は、改正前の数値ではなく実施後の数値を確認し、勤務先制度との関係も確認してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Employees and self-employed planning retirement","Higher earners valuing the deduction"],"ja":["退職を計画する会社員・自営業","控除を重視する高所得者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who may need the money before retirement","US taxpayers before cross-border review"],"ja":["退職前に資金が必要になり得る人","越境確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["iDeCo money is locked until retirement age; limits and December 2026 reforms must be verified with official sources."],"ja":["iDeCoの資金は受給年齢まで固定です。上限や2026年12月の改正は公式情報で確認してください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"sources":["ideco-official","jps-pension-system","jps-employees-pension"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["nisa-vs-ideco","investment-accounts-japan-compared","nisa-when-not-first","how-to-start-investing-japan"]},{"slug":"japanese-government-bonds","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Retail Japanese Government Bonds (JGBs)","ja":"個人向け国債"},"summary":{"en":"Fixed three-year, fixed five-year, and floating ten-year bonds — minimums, interest, early redemption, and how they compare to deposits and bond funds.","ja":"固定3年・固定5年・変動10年の個人向け国債——最低額・利息・中途換金、預金や債券投信との比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Retail JGBs come in fixed 3-year, fixed 5-year, and floating 10-year forms with a ¥10,000 minimum, monthly issuance, government-backed principal, and a minimum-rate floor; they can be redeemed after one year with a deduction of the preceding two interest payments.","ja":"個人向け国債は固定3年・固定5年・変動10年があり、最低1万円・毎月発行・政府による元本保証・下限金利付きです。1年経過後に、直前2回分の利子相当額を差し引いて中途換金できます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Three types: fixed 3-year, fixed 5-year, and floating 10-year (rate resets with market rates).","Minimum investment ¥10,000, issued monthly, with a minimum-rate (floor) provision.","Principal is protected by the government; interest is taxable.","Early redemption is allowed after one year, minus the previous two interest payments.","JGBs suit stability-seeking money; expected returns are low and inflation erodes real value."],"ja":["3種類：固定3年・固定5年・変動10年（金利は市場金利で見直し）。","最低1万円、毎月発行、下限金利（フロア）付き。","元本は政府により保護され、利子は課税対象です。","中途換金は1年経過後に可能で、直前2回分の利子相当額を差し引きます。","国債は安定志向の資金に向きます。期待リターンは低く、インフレが実質価値を削ります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"types","heading":{"en":"The three types","ja":"3つの種類"},"body":{"en":["Retail JGBs (個人向け国債) come in three forms. The fixed 3-year and fixed 5-year bonds lock a rate for the term, giving predictable interest. The floating 10-year bond resets its rate periodically in line with market rates, so its interest can rise or fall over time. All three are issued monthly, so you do not have to wait for a special window to buy.","Official Ministry of Finance material sets a ¥10,000 minimum and a minimum-rate (floor) provision, so the interest rate cannot fall below a stated minimum even when market rates are very low. Interest is taxable in the normal way."],"ja":["個人向け国債は3種類あります。固定3年・固定5年は期間中の金利を固定し、予測可能な利息を与えます。変動10年は市場金利に応じて定期的に金利を見直すため、利息は時とともに上下し得ます。3種類とも毎月発行されるため、特別な募集を待つ必要はありません。","財務省の公式資料は、最低1万円と下限金利（フロア）の仕組みを定めており、市場金利が非常に低くても金利は定められた下限を下回りません。利子は通常どおり課税されます。"]}},{"id":"principal-redemption","heading":{"en":"Principal and early redemption","ja":"元本と中途換金"},"body":{"en":["A key feature is that principal is protected by the government: at maturity you receive your ¥10,000-unit principal back in full. Early redemption is permitted after holding for one year, but with a penalty — the previous two interest payments are deducted from the amount you receive. So JGBs are liquid after year one, at a modest cost.","This combination — government-backed principal, a small minimum, monthly issuance, and a rate floor — makes retail JGBs a conservative instrument. But their expected return is low, and like all fixed-yen assets they carry inflation risk: if prices rise faster than the interest, your real purchasing power can still decline."],"ja":["重要な特徴は、元本が政府により保護されることです。満期には1万円単位の元本が全額戻ります。中途換金は1年保有後に可能ですが、ペナルティがあります——直前2回分の利子相当額が受取額から差し引かれます。よって国債は1年経過後は換金可能で、コストは小さめです。","この組み合わせ——政府保証の元本・小さな最低額・毎月発行・金利フロア——により、個人向け国債は保守的な商品になります。ただし期待リターンは低く、すべての円建て固定資産と同様にインフレリスクを持ちます。物価が利息より速く上がれば、実質購買力は下がり得ます。"]}},{"id":"vs","heading":{"en":"JGBs vs deposits and bond funds","ja":"国債と預金・債券投信の比較"},"body":{"en":["Compared with a time deposit, a JGB offers government backing beyond deposit insurance’s ¥10m per-bank limit and monthly availability, but a time deposit may offer a comparable or higher rate and simpler mechanics. Compared with a bond fund, a JGB has no market-price volatility if held to maturity and no fund fee, whereas a bond fund fluctuates in price, may hold longer-duration or foreign bonds, and adds currency and manager considerations.","JGBs are excluded from NISA, which is for equities, funds, and eligible listed securities rather than ordinary government bonds. Think of retail JGBs as a stability tool for money you want government-safe and reasonably liquid, not as a growth engine."],"ja":["定期預金と比べ、国債は預金保険の1行1,000万円の上限を超える政府保証と毎月の入手性を持ちますが、定期預金は同等以上の金利や簡単な仕組みを提供し得ます。債券投信と比べ、満期保有なら国債は市場価格の変動がなく手数料もありませんが、債券投信は価格が変動し、より長い年限や外国債券を保有し得て、通貨や運用者の考慮が加わります。","国債はNISAの対象外です。NISAは、普通の国債ではなく株式・投信・対象の上場証券のためのものです。個人向け国債は、政府レベルの安全性とそこそこの流動性を求める資金の安定手段と考え、成長のエンジンとは考えないでください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Savers wanting government-safe, liquid-ish money","People comparing JGBs to deposits"],"ja":["政府レベルの安全性とある程度の流動性を求める貯蓄者","国債と預金を比べる人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Investors seeking growth or NISA eligibility","Anyone needing instant same-day access"],"ja":["成長やNISA対象を求める投資家","即日の換金が必要な人"]},"warnings":{"en":["JGB real returns can be low; inflation can erode purchasing power despite protected principal."],"ja":["国債の実質リターンは低いことがあります。元本が守られてもインフレが購買力を削り得ます。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["mof-jgb-individual","dic-deposit-insurance"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["saving-vs-investing","investment-accounts-japan-compared","investment-products-japan"]},{"slug":"credit-card-investing","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Credit-card investing in Japan","ja":"日本のクレカ積立"},"summary":{"en":"How credit-card tsumitate works, monthly limits, reward rates and card fees, eligible funds, and how to calculate the real value.","ja":"クレカ積立の仕組み、月間上限、還元率とカード年会費、対象ファンド、実質価値の計算方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Credit-card tsumitate lets you fund monthly fund purchases (typically up to ¥100,000/month) with a partner card and earn points, but the value depends heavily on card annual fees and spending conditions — calculate reward minus card cost, and never chase points into the wrong fund.","ja":"クレカ積立は、提携カードで毎月の投信積立（通常月10万円まで）を決済しポイントを得られますが、価値はカード年会費と利用条件に大きく左右されます。還元からカードコストを差し引いて計算し、ポイント目当てで誤った投信を選ばないでください。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A partner credit card funds monthly fund purchases, typically capped around ¥100,000/month.","Reward rates vary by card and often depend on annual non-investment spending or premium-card fees.","A 1% reward on ¥100,000/month is ¥12,000/year — easily erased by a ¥33,000 card annual fee.","Eligible funds and brokers are specific; card investing can be used inside NISA at supporting brokers.","Points are a fee rebate, not an investment thesis — the fund choice must stand on its own."],"ja":["提携クレジットカードで毎月の投信積立を決済。上限は通常月10万円程度。","還元率はカードで異なり、しばしば年間の非投資利用額やプレミアムカードの年会費に依存します。","月10万円に対する1%還元は年12,000円——年会費33,000円で容易に相殺されます。","対象ファンド・証券会社は個別。対応会社ではNISA内でクレカ積立が可能。","ポイントは手数料の割戻しであり投資の根拠ではありません。投信選びは単独で成り立つ必要があります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how","heading":{"en":"How credit-card tsumitate works","ja":"クレカ積立の仕組み"},"body":{"en":["Several brokers let you pay for monthly recurring fund purchases with a designated partner credit card instead of cash from your bank — this is \"credit-card tsumitate.\" You earn the card’s points on the investment amount, and the purchase can often sit inside NISA at supporting brokers. Monthly amounts are typically capped around ¥100,000.","Major ecosystems include SBI with SMBC/Olive cards, Rakuten Securities with Rakuten Card, Monex with d Card, Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart with MUFG or au PAY cards, and PayPay Securities with PayPay Card. Each pairs a broker with a card program, and the reward structures differ substantially."],"ja":["複数の証券会社では、毎月の投信積立を、銀行からの現金ではなく指定の提携クレジットカードで決済できます——これが「クレカ積立」です。投資額に対しカードのポイントが付き、対応会社ではNISA内で買付できることも多いです。月額は通常10万円程度が上限です。","主なエコシステムに、SBI×SMBC/Oliveカード、楽天証券×楽天カード、マネックス×dカード、三菱UFJ eスマート×MUFGカードやau PAYカード、PayPay証券×PayPayカードがあります。各社は証券会社とカードプログラムを組み合わせ、還元の仕組みは大きく異なります。"]}},{"id":"rates-fees","heading":{"en":"Reward rates and card fees","ja":"還元率とカード年会費"},"body":{"en":["Reward rates are where the marketing gets complicated. Published rates range from near zero on some basic cards to materially higher rates on premium cards, and they often depend on conditions such as annual non-investment spending on the card, the card tier, or first-year promotions. Reported examples include roughly 0.5% on standard cards, higher rates (up to around 1–2% or more) on premium cards, and eye-catching first-year or campaign rates that are not the ongoing rate.","Separate the recurring rate from temporary or first-year bonuses, and always subtract the card’s annual fee. Treat the advertised maximum as conditional marketing, not the rate you will actually earn month after month."],"ja":["還元率こそ宣伝が複雑になる部分です。公表される率は、一部の基本カードでほぼ0から、プレミアムカードで大幅に高い率まで幅があり、しばしばカードの年間非投資利用額、カードの区分、初年度のキャンペーンといった条件に依存します。報告例には、標準カードで約0.5%、プレミアムカードでより高い率（約1〜2%以上まで）、そして継続率ではない目を引く初年度・キャンペーン率があります。","継続率を一時的・初年度のボーナスと分け、常にカードの年会費を差し引きます。宣伝された上限は条件付きのマーケティングであり、毎月実際に得られる率ではないと捉えてください。"]}},{"id":"math","heading":{"en":"Calculating the real value","ja":"実質価値の計算"},"body":{"en":["Do the arithmetic before committing. A 1% reward on ¥100,000 a month is ¥12,000 a year. Paying a ¥33,000 annual card fee purely to obtain that reward is irrational unless the card’s other benefits provide at least another ¥21,000 of genuine value you would use anyway. The rule: calculate reward minus annual card fee minus any incremental spending you would not otherwise do.","And never let points determine the investment. Points are a small rebate on fees, not a reason to buy a worse fund or a fund that does not fit your plan. Choose the account, allocation, and fund first; then, if a card you already value happens to offer a good tsumitate rate, treat the points as a modest bonus."],"ja":["決める前に計算します。月10万円に対する1%還元は年12,000円です。その還元だけのために年会費33,000円を払うのは、カードの他の特典がどのみち使う本物の価値を少なくともあと21,000円提供しない限り不合理です。原則：還元−カード年会費−本来しない追加利用、で計算します。","そしてポイントに投資を決めさせないこと。ポイントは手数料の小さな割戻しで、劣った投信や計画に合わない投信を買う理由ではありません。まず口座・配分・投信を選び、その上で既に価値を感じるカードがたまたま良い積立率を提供するなら、ポイントは控えめなボーナスとして扱います。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors already using a partner card ecosystem","People comparing card tsumitate rates"],"ja":["既に提携カードのエコシステムを使う投資家","カード積立の率を比べる人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone tempted to buy a worse fund for points","People who would pay a fee only for the reward"],"ja":["ポイントのため劣った投信を買いたい人","還元のためだけに年会費を払う人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Reward rates, caps, and card fees change frequently; verify current official terms before relying on a rate."],"ja":["還元率・上限・カード年会費は頻繁に変わります。率に頼る前に最新の公式条件を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["sbi-card-investment","rakuten-card-investment","monex-card-investment","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["how-to-start-investing-japan","choosing-a-brokerage-japan","robo-advisors-japan"]},{"slug":"robo-advisors-japan","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Robo-advisors in Japan","ja":"日本のロボアドバイザー"},"summary":{"en":"What robo-advisors do, their fee layers, NISA implementation, and how they compare with DIY index investing.","ja":"ロボアドバイザーの役割、手数料の層、NISAでの実装、そして自分で行うインデックス投資との比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Robo-advisors automate asset allocation and rebalancing for an advisory fee (often around 1% annually), which is far higher than a self-managed index fund; they are most defensible when they prevent damaging behaviour or provide planning worth the recurring cost.","ja":"ロボアドバイザーは、手数料（多くは年約1%）で資産配分とリバランスを自動化しますが、自分で運用するインデックス投信よりはるかに高コストです。悪い行動を防ぐ、または継続コストに見合う計画を提供するときに最も正当化されます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Robo-advisors automate allocation, rebalancing, and sometimes tax features for a fee.","Advisory fees are often around 1% annually — plus the underlying ETF/fund costs.","A 1% fee on ¥10m is about ¥100,000 a year before compounding — a large drag over decades.","NISA implementation varies: some support both allowances, some only growth, some only via a linked fund.","A robo-advisor is most justified when it changes your behaviour or provides planning you would not do yourself."],"ja":["ロボアドは配分・リバランス、時に税務機能を手数料で自動化します。","助言手数料は多くが年約1%——加えて投資対象のETF/投信の費用がかかります。","1,000万円への1%手数料は複利前で年約10万円——数十年では大きなマイナスです。","NISAの実装は様々：両枠対応、成長枠のみ、連携ファンド経由のみ、など。","ロボアドは、行動を変える・自分ではしない計画を提供するときに最も正当化されます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what","heading":{"en":"What robo-advisors do","ja":"ロボアドバイザーの役割"},"body":{"en":["A robo-advisor (ロボアドバイザー) asks about your goals and risk tolerance, then builds and automatically maintains a diversified portfolio — usually of ETFs — handling allocation, periodic rebalancing, and sometimes tax-management features. The appeal is convenience: you delegate the ongoing decisions and the discipline of rebalancing.","Japanese services include WealthNavi, SUSTEN, ON COMPASS, THEO, FOLIO ROBOPRO, and Rakuten Wrap, among others. They differ in strategy, fee structure, and how they implement NISA, so they are not interchangeable."],"ja":["ロボアドバイザーは、目標とリスク許容度を尋ね、分散されたポートフォリオ——通常はETF——を構築して自動維持し、配分・定期的なリバランス・時に税務管理機能を担います。魅力は手軽さで、継続的な判断とリバランスの規律を委ねられます。","日本のサービスには、ウェルスナビ、SUSTEN、ON COMPASS、THEO、FOLIO ROBOPRO、楽天ラップなどがあります。戦略・手数料体系・NISAの実装が異なり、互換ではありません。"]}},{"id":"fees","heading":{"en":"The fee layers","ja":"手数料の層"},"body":{"en":["The central trade-off is cost. Robo-advisors typically charge an advisory (wrap) fee, often around 1% annually, on top of the expenses of the underlying ETFs or funds they hold — so the all-in cost is the advisory fee plus the product costs. Published fee structures vary widely, some lower and some with performance-fee options; verify the current figures for any specific service.","Compounding makes this material: a 1% annual advisory fee on a ¥10 million portfolio is roughly ¥100,000 each year before compounding and before underlying costs, and over decades that drag can consume a large share of returns. A self-managed low-cost index fund can cost a small fraction of that."],"ja":["核心のトレードオフはコストです。ロボアドは通常、助言（ラップ）手数料——多くは年約1%——を、保有する投資対象ETF・投信の費用に上乗せして徴収します。よって総コストは助言手数料＋商品コストです。公表される手数料体系は幅広く、より低いものや成功報酬型もあります。特定のサービスは現行の数値を確認してください。","複利により影響は大きくなります。1,000万円への年1%の助言手数料は、複利前・投資対象コスト前で年約10万円で、数十年ではこのマイナスがリターンの大きな部分を食い得ます。自分で運用する低コストのインデックス投信は、その一部のコストで済みます。"]}},{"id":"vs-diy","heading":{"en":"NISA and robo vs DIY","ja":"NISAと、ロボアド対自分で運用"},"body":{"en":["NISA implementation varies by service: some support both allowances, some only the growth allowance at participating institutions, and some implement NISA indirectly through a linked fund rather than the main discretionary account — which can be confusing. Check exactly how a service uses NISA before assuming your contributions are tax-advantaged.","A robo-advisor is most defensible when it prevents damaging behaviour (panic selling, never rebalancing), implements an allocation you would not maintain alone, or provides planning genuinely worth the fee. If you are willing to buy one broad low-cost index fund and leave it alone, a DIY approach captures most of the same diversification at a fraction of the cost. The honest question is whether the automation and behaviour management justify the recurring fee for you."],"ja":["NISAの実装はサービスで異なります。両枠対応、参加機関での成長枠のみ、主な一任口座ではなく連携ファンド経由で間接的にNISAを実装するもの——これは分かりにくい——などです。拠出が税制優遇されると決めつける前に、サービスがNISAをどう使うかを正確に確認してください。","ロボアドは、悪い行動（狼狽売り、リバランスをしない）を防ぐ、一人では維持しない配分を実装する、または本当に手数料に見合う計画を提供するときに最も正当化されます。広い低コストのインデックス投信を1本買って放置できるなら、自分で運用する方法が、同じ分散の大半を一部のコストで得られます。正直な問いは、その自動化と行動管理が、あなたにとって継続手数料に見合うかどうかです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People who will not rebalance or who panic-sell","Investors valuing full automation"],"ja":["リバランスしない・狼狽売りする人","完全な自動化を重視する投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["Cost-focused DIY index investors","Anyone assuming the advisory fee is small"],"ja":["コスト重視で自分で運用する人","助言手数料を小さいと考える人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advisory fees are much higher than index-fund costs and compound against you; verify current fees and NISA implementation."],"ja":["助言手数料はインデックス投信より大幅に高く、不利に複利で効きます。最新の手数料とNISA実装を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","fsa-registry"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["active-vs-passive-investing","how-to-start-investing-japan","credit-card-investing","compound-growth"]},{"slug":"global-equity-funds","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Global equity funds in Japan","ja":"全世界株式ファンド"},"summary":{"en":"All-country vs developed-only, whether Japan is included, emerging markets, cost, and who they suit.","ja":"オールカントリーと先進国のみ、日本の有無、新興国、コスト、向く人。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Global equity funds hold shares across many countries in one product; all-country versions include developed, emerging, and Japanese markets, making a single fund a complete equity core for long horizons.","ja":"全世界株式ファンドは1本で多くの国の株式を保有します。オールカントリー版は先進国・新興国・日本を含み、長期の株式の核を1本で担えます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["All-country funds span developed, emerging, and Japanese equities in one holding.","Developed-only versions exclude emerging markets (and sometimes Japan) — check the exact benchmark.","One broad global fund diversifies across thousands of companies with minimal maintenance.","Most are unhedged, so they carry yen currency risk alongside equity risk.","Compare benchmark, cost, tracking difference, and AUM — not last year’s return."],"ja":["オールカントリーは先進国・新興国・日本株を1本に含みます。","先進国のみ版は新興国（時に日本も）を除きます——正確な指数を確認。","広い全世界1本で、数千社に分散でき手間は最小です。","多くはヘッジなしで、株式リスクに加え円の為替リスクを持ちます。","昨年のリターンではなく、指数・コスト・追随・純資産で比べます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"all-vs-developed","heading":{"en":"All-country vs developed-only","ja":"オールカントリーと先進国のみ"},"body":{"en":["Global equity funds come in two broad flavours. An all-country fund (tracking an MSCI ACWI-type benchmark) holds developed markets, emerging markets, and Japan together — one product that approximates owning the whole listed world by market weight. A developed-only fund excludes emerging markets, and some developed benchmarks also exclude Japan, leaving you to add those sleeves separately.","For a beginner wanting simplicity, an all-country fund is the cleanest single-fund equity core. If you prefer to control the emerging-market or Japan weight yourself, a developed-only fund plus separate allocations is possible but more work."],"ja":["全世界株式ファンドには大きく2種類あります。オールカントリー（MSCI ACWI型の指数）は、先進国・新興国・日本をまとめて保有し、時価総額で世界の上場株式全体を保有するのに近い1本です。先進国のみのファンドは新興国を除き、一部の先進国指数は日本も除くため、それらを別途加える必要があります。","簡潔さを求める初心者には、オールカントリーが最もすっきりした株式の核です。新興国や日本の比率を自分で管理したいなら、先進国のみ＋別配分も可能ですが手間が増えます。"]}},{"id":"cost-currency","heading":{"en":"Cost, currency, and providers","ja":"コスト・通貨・取扱"},"body":{"en":["Competitive Japanese global-equity index funds have very low trust fees, and several well-known low-cost options exist across fund families. Because the differences are small, also weigh tracking difference (how faithfully the fund delivers its index after costs) and assets under management (larger funds face less closure risk).","Most global funds are unhedged, so your yen return reflects both world equity performance and the yen exchange rate. This currency exposure is a deliberate diversification for many long-horizon investors, but understand it before buying. Availability is broker-specific; confirm the exact fund and NISA eligibility at your broker."],"ja":["競争的な日本の全世界株式インデックス投信は信託報酬が非常に低く、複数のシリーズに著名な低コストの選択肢があります。差が小さいため、トラッキング差異（コスト差引後にどれだけ忠実に指数を再現するか）と純資産（大きいほど繰上償還リスクが低い）も重視します。","多くの全世界ファンドはヘッジなしで、円リターンは世界株式の成績と円相場の両方を反映します。この為替露出は多くの長期投資家にとって意図的な分散ですが、購入前に理解します。取扱は会社ごとで、正確なファンドとNISA対象を証券会社で確認します。"]}},{"id":"role","heading":{"en":"Role in a portfolio","ja":"ポートフォリオでの役割"},"body":{"en":["A single all-country fund can serve as your entire equity allocation, because it already holds the world by market weight. Whether that is your entire portfolio depends on whether you also need bonds or cash for stability — a 100% equity holding, even a globally diversified one, can still fall around 50% in a severe market. Combine it with safe assets according to how much loss you can tolerate.","Because one global fund is self-diversifying and low-maintenance, most beginners do not need a second equity fund on top of it. Adding an S&P 500 or Japan fund alongside mostly overlaps or tilts the weights, which is a deliberate choice rather than extra diversification."],"ja":["全世界1本は、既に時価総額で世界を保有するため、株式配分の全体を担えます。それが全体になるかは、安定のために債券や現金も必要かによります。全世界に分散しても全額株式は厳しい相場で約50%下落し得ます。耐えられる損失に応じて安全資産と組み合わせます。","全世界1本は自己分散し手間がかからないため、多くの初心者はその上に2本目の株式ファンドを必要としません。S&P500や日本ファンドを併せ持つのは、多くが重複するか比率を傾けるもので、追加の分散ではなく意図的な選択です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Beginners wanting a single equity core","Investors comparing all-country vs developed"],"ja":["株式の核を1本にしたい初心者","オールカントリーと先進国を比べる投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers wanting specific fund picks","US taxpayers before PFIC review"],"ja":["具体的な投信推奨を求める読者","PFIC確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Global equities can fall sharply and stay down for years; unhedged funds add currency risk."],"ja":["全世界株式は急落し数年低迷し得ます。ヘッジなしは為替リスクを加えます。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["all-country-vs-sp500","us-equity-funds","japan-vs-global-investing","how-to-compare-funds"]},{"slug":"us-equity-funds","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"S&P 500 and US equity funds in Japan","ja":"S&P500・米国株式ファンド"},"summary":{"en":"S&P 500 vs total US market, major Japanese mutual funds, US concentration, currency risk, and NISA availability.","ja":"S&P500と米国全体、主要な日本の投信、米国集中、為替リスク、NISA対応。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"US equity funds concentrate in one country’s market; the S&P 500 covers large US companies while total-market funds add mid and small caps — both carry US concentration and, for a yen investor, currency risk.","ja":"米国株式ファンドは1国の市場に集中します。S&P500は米国大型株、全体型は中小型も加えます。いずれも米国集中と、円建て投資家には為替リスクを伴います。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["S&P 500 funds hold large US companies; total-market funds add mid and small caps.","Low-cost Japanese mutual funds track the S&P 500 (and some use Vanguard-based structures).","US funds are diversified across companies but concentrated in one country and valuation regime.","Unhedged US funds add yen currency risk on top of US equity risk.","Eligible US-equity funds fit NISA; confirm the exact fund and allowance at your broker."],"ja":["S&P500は米国大型株、全体型は中小型も含みます。","低コストの日本の投信がS&P500を追随（Vanguardベースの構造もあり）。","米国型は企業には分散でも、1国・1つのバリュエーション体制に集中します。","ヘッジなしの米国型は、米国株リスクに円の為替リスクを加えます。","対象の米国株式投信はNISAに適合。正確なファンドと枠を証券会社で確認。"]},"sections":[{"id":"sp500-total","heading":{"en":"S&P 500 vs total US market","ja":"S&P500と米国全体"},"body":{"en":["The S&P 500 tracks around 500 large US companies and is the most common US-equity benchmark; a total US market fund covers a broader set including mid and small caps. Over long periods the two behave similarly because large caps dominate, but the total-market version is slightly more diversified within the US.","Both are US-only. That means excellent diversification across American companies and sectors, but no diversification across countries — your outcome depends heavily on one economy and one valuation regime. Deciding on US concentration is a deliberate choice, not a neutral default."],"ja":["S&P500は米国の大型企業約500社を追い、最も一般的な米国株の指数です。米国全体型は中小型を含むより広い範囲を対象とします。長期では大型株が支配的なため両者は似た挙動ですが、全体型は米国内でわずかに分散されます。","どちらも米国のみです。米国企業・業種には優れた分散ですが、国の分散はなく、結果は1つの経済と1つのバリュエーション体制に大きく依存します。米国集中は中立の既定ではなく意図的な選択です。"]}},{"id":"funds-currency","heading":{"en":"Funds, currency, and NISA","ja":"ファンド・通貨・NISA"},"body":{"en":["Several low-cost Japanese mutual funds track the S&P 500, and some use Vanguard-related underlying structures. As always, compare the exact benchmark, total cost (including any underlying-fund expense for funds-of-funds), tracking difference, and AUM rather than picking by recent return.","Most are unhedged, so a strengthening yen can erase US gains in yen terms and a weak yen can add to them. Eligible US-equity funds can sit in NISA’s recurring or growth allowance depending on the product; confirm eligibility and whether recurring purchases are supported. US taxpayers must separately check PFIC treatment."],"ja":["複数の低コストの日本の投信がS&P500を追い、一部はVanguard関連の構造を使います。いつも通り、直近のリターンで選ばず、正確な指数・総コスト（ファンド・オブ・ファンズなら投資対象費用を含む）・追随・純資産を比べます。","多くはヘッジなしで、円高は円ベースの米国の利益を打ち消し、円安は上乗せし得ます。対象の米国株式投信は、商品によりNISAのつみたて枠か成長投資枠に入ります。対象可否と積立対応を確認します。米国納税者はPFICの扱いを別途確認します。"]}},{"id":"role","heading":{"en":"US concentration in context","ja":"文脈で見る米国集中"},"body":{"en":["A US-equity fund is a bet that US companies will keep leading. Historically the US has been a large and strong market, but no country outperforms forever, and buying after a long run of strong US returns is not a reason to expect the same ahead. Treat a US fund as a deliberate concentration, sized to how comfortable you are depending on one economy.","Many investors hold a US fund as a tilt on top of a global core rather than as the whole portfolio. If you already own an all-country fund, adding an S&P 500 fund mainly increases your US weight rather than adding diversification — a valid choice if intended, but understand what it does."],"ja":["米国株式ファンドは、米国企業が主導し続けるという賭けです。歴史的に米国は大きく強い市場でしたが、永遠に上回る国はなく、長い好成績の後に買うことは同じ先行きを期待する理由になりません。米国ファンドは、1つの経済に依存する快適さに合わせて配分する意図的な集中と捉えます。","多くの投資家は、米国ファンドを全体ではなく全世界コアの上乗せとして持ちます。既にオールカントリーを持つなら、S&P500を加えるのは主に米国比率を高めることで、分散の追加ではありません——意図するなら妥当ですが、その効果を理解してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors deliberately choosing US concentration","People comparing S&P 500 vs total market"],"ja":["意図的に米国集中を選ぶ投資家","S&P500と全体型を比べる人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Investors wanting global diversification (see all-country)","US taxpayers before review"],"ja":["全世界の分散を求める投資家（オールカントリー参照）","確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["A US-only fund is undiversified across countries; strong past US returns do not guarantee future outperformance."],"ja":["米国のみは国の分散がありません。米国の過去の好成績は将来の優位を保証しません。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["all-country-vs-sp500","global-equity-funds","us-stocks-from-japan","currency-risk-yen"]},{"slug":"all-country-vs-sp500","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"All-country vs S&P 500 funds","ja":"オールカントリーとS&P500"},"summary":{"en":"What each includes, concentration, currency exposure, cost, overlap, and which investor each may fit.","ja":"各々の対象、集中度、通貨露出、コスト、重複、そして向く投資家。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"An all-country fund spreads across many countries including the US and Japan, while an S&P 500 fund concentrates in large US companies; the choice is between global diversification and a deliberate US bet — and holding both mostly duplicates US exposure.","ja":"オールカントリーは米国・日本を含む多くの国に分散し、S&P500は米国大型株に集中します。選択は全世界の分散か意図的な米国への賭けかで、両方持つと米国露出が大きく重複します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["All-country ≈ the whole listed world by market weight (the US is already its largest part).","S&P 500 = large US companies only; higher concentration in one country.","Because the US is ~60%+ of a global index, holding both mostly overlaps.","All-country adds currency and country diversification; S&P 500 is a one-country valuation bet.","Do not choose based on recent performance — that reflects one regime, not the future."],"ja":["オールカントリー≈時価総額で世界の上場株式全体（米国が既に最大部分）。","S&P500＝米国大型株のみで、1国への集中が高い。","米国が世界指数の約6割超のため、両方持つと大きく重複します。","オールカントリーは通貨・国の分散を加え、S&P500は1国のバリュエーションへの賭け。","直近の成績で選ばない——それは1つの体制の反映で将来ではありません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"included","heading":{"en":"What each includes","ja":"各々の対象"},"body":{"en":["An all-country fund holds companies across developed markets, emerging markets, and Japan, weighted by market size. Because US companies are the largest share of global market value, the US is already the biggest single component of an all-country fund — often well over half. An S&P 500 fund holds only large US companies.","So the practical difference is the non-US portion: an all-country fund adds Japan, Europe, other developed markets, and emerging markets that the S&P 500 leaves out. If you hold both, you are mostly buying the same US large caps twice, with a smaller genuine addition of non-US exposure from the all-country fund."],"ja":["オールカントリーは、先進国・新興国・日本の企業を時価総額で保有します。米国企業が世界の時価総額で最大の割合を占めるため、米国は既にオールカントリーの最大の単一構成要素で、しばしば半分を大きく超えます。S&P500は米国大型株のみを保有します。","よって実際の違いは非米国部分です。オールカントリーは、S&P500が除く日本・欧州・その他先進国・新興国を加えます。両方持つと、同じ米国大型株を二重に買うことが大半で、オールカントリーからの真の追加は小さめの非米国露出です。"]}},{"id":"choose","heading":{"en":"Which fits you","ja":"どちらが向くか"},"body":{"en":["Choose an all-country fund if you want a single, hands-off, globally diversified equity holding and prefer not to bet on one country. Choose an S&P 500 fund if you deliberately want US concentration and accept the single-country risk. There is no universally correct answer, and recent US outperformance is not a reliable reason — it reflects one historical regime.","The overlap warning matters most: buying both an all-country and an S&P 500 fund does not double your diversification; it just overweights the US relative to the rest of the world. If you want more US than global weights imply, that is a valid choice — just make it deliberately, not by accidentally stacking overlapping funds."],"ja":["手間をかけず1本で全世界に分散したく、1国に賭けたくないならオールカントリー。意図的に米国集中を望み単一国リスクを受け入れるならS&P500。普遍的な正解はなく、直近の米国の優位は信頼できる理由ではありません——1つの歴史的体制の反映です。","重複の注意が最も重要です。オールカントリーとS&P500を両方買っても分散は倍になりません。世界に対して米国を過大にするだけです。世界の比率以上に米国を持ちたいなら妥当な選択ですが、重複ファンドを偶然積み重ねるのではなく意図的に行ってください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Beginners deciding their single core fund","People who own both and wonder about overlap"],"ja":["核となる1本を決める初心者","両方保有し重複が気になる人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers seeking a performance prediction","US taxpayers before review"],"ja":["成績予測を求める読者","確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Holding both overweights the US and does not add much diversification; decide the US weight deliberately."],"ja":["両方保有は米国を過大にし分散をあまり加えません。米国比率は意図的に決めてください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["global-equity-funds","us-equity-funds","japan-vs-global-investing","diversification-asset-allocation"]},{"slug":"japan-equity-funds","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Japan equity funds","ja":"日本株式ファンド"},"summary":{"en":"TOPIX vs Nikkei 225, broad-market vs active, home-country concentration, and the role within a global portfolio.","ja":"TOPIXとNikkei225、広い市場とアクティブ、自国集中、全世界の中での役割。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Japan equity funds track domestic shares via TOPIX (broad, cap-weighted) or the Nikkei 225 (price-weighted, more concentrated); they suit a Japan allocation or home tilt, not a complete global portfolio.","ja":"日本株式ファンドは、TOPIX（広く時価総額加重）やNikkei225（株価加重でより集中的）で国内株を追います。全世界の完全なポートフォリオではなく、日本配分や自国寄りに向きます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["TOPIX is a broad, capitalisation-weighted index; the Nikkei 225 is price-weighted and concentrated.","Broad-market index funds are low-cost; active Japan funds charge more and vary in results.","A Japan-only holding concentrates one country, currency, and sector mix.","Japan funds are yen assets, matching yen liabilities more directly than foreign funds.","Most investors use Japan as a sleeve within a global portfolio, not the whole thing."],"ja":["TOPIXは広い時価総額加重、Nikkei225は株価加重で集中的です。","広い市場のインデックスは低コスト、アクティブ日本株は高コストで結果はばらつきます。","日本のみは1国・通貨・業種構成に集中します。","日本株は円建てで、外国ファンドより直接的に円建て負債に対応します。","多くの投資家は日本を全世界の一部として使い、全体にはしません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"indices","heading":{"en":"TOPIX vs Nikkei 225","ja":"TOPIXとNikkei225"},"body":{"en":["The two headline Japanese benchmarks differ in construction. TOPIX is broad and capitalisation-weighted, covering a large swath of the market so bigger companies have proportionally more weight. The Nikkei 225 is price-weighted across 225 names, so high-priced shares dominate regardless of company size, making it more concentrated and sometimes behaving differently from TOPIX.","For broad, neutral Japan exposure, a TOPIX fund is usually the simpler choice. Nikkei 225 funds are popular and widely tracked but reflect that index’s particular construction quirks."],"ja":["日本の代表的な2指数は構成が異なります。TOPIXは広く時価総額加重で、市場の広い範囲を対象とし、大企業ほど比重が大きくなります。Nikkei225は225銘柄の株価加重で、企業規模に関わらず高株価銘柄が支配し、より集中的でTOPIXと異なる挙動になることがあります。","広く中立な日本の露出には、通常TOPIX型が簡単です。Nikkei225型は人気で広く追随されますが、その指数特有の構成の癖を反映します。"]}},{"id":"role","heading":{"en":"Concentration and portfolio role","ja":"集中とポートフォリオでの役割"},"body":{"en":["Broad-market Japan index funds are low-cost and diversified within Japan; active Japan funds aim to beat the index but charge higher fees and deliver a wide range of results. Whichever you choose, a Japan-only holding concentrates you in one country, the yen, and Japan’s industrial/financial/export-heavy sector mix.","The sensible role for most global investors is a Japan sleeve within a diversified portfolio, or a modest home tilt that better matches future yen spending — not the entire equity allocation. An all-country global fund already includes Japan at market weight, so an explicit Japan fund is an addition on top of that, used deliberately."],"ja":["広い市場の日本インデックスは低コストで国内で分散され、アクティブ日本株は指数超えを狙うも高コストで結果の幅が広いです。いずれにせよ、日本のみは1国・円・日本の工業/金融/輸出寄りの業種構成に集中します。","多くの全世界投資家にとって妥当な役割は、分散されたポートフォリオの中の日本の部分、または将来の円支出により合う控えめな自国寄りで、株式配分の全体ではありません。オールカントリーは既に時価総額比で日本を含むため、明示的な日本ファンドはその上乗せで、意図的に使います。"]}},{"id":"how-buy","heading":{"en":"How to hold Japan equity","ja":"日本株の持ち方"},"body":{"en":["You can gain Japan exposure through a broad TOPIX index fund or ETF, a Nikkei 225 fund, or — deliberately and in moderation — individual shares. For most people a broad-market index fund is the simplest way to add a Japan allocation without taking single-company risk. Confirm the fund is eligible for the NISA allowance you intend, and check the expense ratio and tracking difference.","Remember that an all-country global fund already holds Japan at its market weight, so a separate Japan fund is an overweight on top of that. Decide the size of your home tilt on purpose, based on how much of your future spending is in yen, rather than doubling up by accident."],"ja":["日本の露出は、広いTOPIXのインデックス投信・ETF、Nikkei225型、または——意図的かつ控えめに——個別株で得られます。多くの人には、単一企業リスクを取らずに日本配分を加える最も簡単な方法は広い市場のインデックス投信です。意図する枠で対象かを確認し、信託報酬とトラッキング差異を確認します。","オールカントリーは既に時価総額比で日本を含むため、別途の日本ファンドはその上乗せの過大配分です。自国寄りの大きさは、将来の支出のうち円がどれだけかに基づき、偶然の二重取りではなく意図的に決めます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors adding a Japan allocation","People choosing TOPIX vs Nikkei funds"],"ja":["日本配分を加える投資家","TOPIXとNikkeiを選ぶ人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Investors seeking a complete one-fund portfolio (see all-country)","Readers wanting stock tips"],"ja":["1本で完結を求める投資家（オールカントリー参照）","銘柄情報を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["A Japan-only portfolio is concentrated in one country and currency; size it as a sleeve, not the whole."],"ja":["日本のみは1国・1通貨に集中します。全体ではなく一部として配分してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["investing-in-japanese-stocks","japan-vs-global-investing","global-equity-funds","how-to-compare-funds"]},{"slug":"bond-funds","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Bond funds for Japan-based investors","ja":"日本在住者のための債券ファンド"},"summary":{"en":"Japanese vs foreign bonds, government vs corporate, duration and credit, currency hedging, and bond funds vs individual JGBs.","ja":"日本と外国の債券、国債と社債、デュレーションと信用、為替ヘッジ、債券投信と個人向け国債。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Bond funds hold many bonds for income and relative stability; key choices are Japanese vs foreign, government vs corporate, duration, credit quality, and — for foreign bonds — whether to hedge currency, which often dominates their yen returns.","ja":"債券ファンドは収益と相対的安定のため多数の債券を保有します。主な選択は、日本と外国、国債と社債、デュレーション、信用度、そして外国債券では為替ヘッジの有無で、これが円リターンを左右しがちです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Bonds add income and can cushion equity volatility, but they are not risk-free.","Duration measures interest-rate sensitivity; longer duration = bigger price swings when rates move.","Credit quality ranges from government to corporate; lower quality adds default risk.","For foreign bond funds, currency swings can dominate returns — hedging is often more compelling here.","A diversified bond fund differs from a single JGB: it fluctuates in price but spreads issuers and maturities."],"ja":["債券は収益を加え株式の変動を和らげ得ますが、無リスクではありません。","デュレーションは金利感応度。長いほど金利変動時の価格の振れが大きくなります。","信用度は国債から社債まで。低いほど債務不履行リスクが加わります。","外国債券投信は為替変動がリターンを左右し得て、ヘッジがより妥当になりがちです。","分散された債券投信は個別国債と異なり、価格は変動するが発行体・年限を分散します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"types","heading":{"en":"Types, duration, and credit","ja":"種類・デュレーション・信用"},"body":{"en":["Bond funds pool many bonds and pay income. The main dimensions are geography (Japanese vs foreign), issuer type (government vs corporate), duration, and credit quality. Duration measures how much the price moves when interest rates change: a longer-duration fund is more sensitive, gaining more when rates fall and losing more when they rise. Credit quality ranges from safe government bonds to higher-yielding corporate bonds that carry default risk.","Bonds are held mainly for income and to cushion equity volatility, but they still carry interest-rate, credit, and (for foreign bonds) currency risk. A bond fund is not a cash substitute — its price fluctuates."],"ja":["債券ファンドは多数の債券をまとめ収益を払います。主な次元は、地域（日本と外国）、発行体（国債と社債）、デュレーション、信用度です。デュレーションは金利変動時の価格の動きの大きさで、長いほど敏感で、金利低下でより上がり上昇でより下がります。信用度は、安全な国債から、債務不履行リスクを持つ高利回りの社債まで幅があります。","債券は主に収益と株式変動の緩和のために持ちますが、金利・信用・（外国債券なら）為替のリスクを持ちます。債券ファンドは現金の代わりではなく、価格は変動します。"]}},{"id":"hedging-jgb","heading":{"en":"Hedging and bond funds vs JGBs","ja":"ヘッジと、債券投信と国債"},"body":{"en":["For foreign bond funds, currency matters more than for equities. Because bond returns are modest, a large yen exchange-rate move can dominate the result. If your reason for holding foreign bonds is yen stability, an unhedged version can defeat the purpose, so a currency-hedged version is often more consistent with the goal — at a hedging cost tied to interest-rate differentials.","A diversified bond fund differs from a single retail JGB: the JGB has government-backed principal and no price volatility if held to maturity, but a fund spreads across many issuers and maturities, fluctuates in price, and may include longer-duration or foreign bonds. Use a fund for diversified bond exposure and JGBs for government-safe, hold-to-maturity stability."],"ja":["外国債券投信では、株式より通貨が重要です。債券のリターンが控えめなため、大きな円の為替変動が結果を左右し得ます。外国債券を持つ理由が円での安定なら、ヘッジなしは目的に反することがあり、ヘッジ版のほうが目的に沿いやすいです——金利差に連動したヘッジコストがかかります。","分散された債券投信は個別の個人向け国債と異なります。国債は政府保証の元本を持ち満期保有なら価格変動がありませんが、投信は多数の発行体・年限に分散し、価格が変動し、長い年限や外国債券を含み得ます。分散された債券露出には投信を、政府レベルの安全性と満期保有の安定には国債を使います。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors adding bonds to cushion equity risk","People choosing hedged vs unhedged bonds"],"ja":["株式リスクを和らげる債券を加える投資家","ヘッジあり・なしを選ぶ人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone treating bond funds as cash","Readers wanting specific fund picks"],"ja":["債券投信を現金と捉える人","具体的な投信推奨を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Bond funds fluctuate in price and can lose money; unhedged foreign bond funds carry large currency risk."],"ja":["債券投信は価格が変動し損失を出し得ます。ヘッジなしの外国債券投信は大きな為替リスクを持ちます。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","japanese-government-bonds","diversification-asset-allocation","balanced-funds"]},{"slug":"balanced-funds","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Balanced funds","ja":"バランスファンド"},"summary":{"en":"Fixed asset allocation, automatic rebalancing, eight-asset funds, fees, risk levels, and DIY vs balanced.","ja":"固定の資産配分、自動リバランス、8資産型、手数料、リスク水準、自作との比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A balanced fund holds a fixed mix of stocks, bonds, and sometimes REITs across regions and rebalances automatically inside the fund — convenient for a one-fund diversified portfolio, though \"balanced\" only means diversified relative to its own equity weight.","ja":"バランスファンドは、地域をまたいだ株式・債券・時にREITの固定比率を保有し、ファンド内で自動リバランスします。1本で分散したい人に便利ですが、「バランス」は自身の株式比率に対して分散という意味にすぎません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Balanced funds hold a fixed multi-asset mix and rebalance automatically inside the fund.","Eight-asset funds spread across Japanese and foreign stocks, bonds, and REITs.","They simplify investing to a single holding — no manual rebalancing needed.","\"Balanced\" is relative: an equity-heavy balanced fund can still fall substantially.","Building your own mix gives control and can be cheaper; a balanced fund trades that for convenience."],"ja":["バランスファンドは複数資産の固定比率を保有し、ファンド内で自動リバランスします。","8資産型は、日本・外国の株式・債券・REITに分散します。","投資を1本に単純化し、手動リバランスが不要です。","「バランス」は相対的で、株式多めのバランス型はなお大きく下落し得ます。","自作は管理性が高く安くもなり得ます。バランス型はそれを手軽さと引き換えます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how","heading":{"en":"Fixed allocation and rebalancing","ja":"固定配分と自動リバランス"},"body":{"en":["A balanced fund holds a predetermined mix of asset classes — for example a well-known eight-asset fund spreads across Japanese and foreign equities, Japanese and foreign bonds, and Japanese and foreign REITs in fixed proportions. Crucially, it rebalances internally: when one asset outperforms and drifts above target, the fund trims it back automatically, so you never rebalance manually.","This makes a single balanced fund a complete, diversified, self-maintaining portfolio in one purchase — attractive for a beginner who wants diversification and automatic rebalancing without managing multiple funds."],"ja":["バランスファンドは、あらかじめ定めた資産クラスの比率を保有します——例えば著名な8資産型は、日本・外国の株式、日本・外国の債券、日本・外国のREITを固定比率で分散します。重要なのは内部でリバランスすることで、ある資産が上振れして目標を超えると自動で減らすため、手動リバランスが不要です。","これにより1本のバランスファンドが、1回の購入で完結・分散・自己維持するポートフォリオになります——複数ファンドを管理せず分散と自動リバランスを望む初心者に魅力的です。"]}},{"id":"vs-diy","heading":{"en":"Risk levels and balanced vs DIY","ja":"リスク水準と、バランス型と自作"},"body":{"en":["Do not assume \"balanced\" means \"conservative.\" A balanced fund is only as defensive as its bond and cash weight; an equity-heavy balanced fund can still fall substantially in a market decline. Read the actual asset weights and match them to how much loss you can hold through, exactly as you would for any portfolio.","Compared with building your own mix, a balanced fund trades control and potentially lower cost for convenience. Doing it yourself lets you set exact weights, place assets tax-efficiently, and often pay less; a balanced fund handles the mix and rebalancing for you at a modest fee. Both are valid — choose based on whether you value simplicity or control."],"ja":["「バランス」＝「保守的」と決めつけないでください。バランスファンドは債券・現金の比率の分だけ守備的で、株式多めのバランス型は下落局面でなお大きく下がり得ます。実際の資産比率を読み、他のポートフォリオ同様、耐えられる損失に合わせます。","自作と比べ、バランスファンドは管理性と潜在的な低コストを手軽さと引き換えます。自作は正確な比率設定・税効率の良い配置・低コストが可能で、バランス型は少額の手数料で比率とリバランスを代行します。どちらも妥当で、簡潔さと管理性のどちらを重視するかで選びます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Beginners wanting one self-rebalancing fund","People who will not rebalance themselves"],"ja":["自動リバランスの1本を望む初心者","自分でリバランスしない人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Investors wanting precise control and lowest cost","Anyone assuming balanced = safe"],"ja":["正確な管理と最安コストを求める投資家","バランス＝安全と考える人"]},"warnings":{"en":["An equity-heavy balanced fund can still fall sharply; check the real asset weights before buying."],"ja":["株式多めのバランス型はなお急落し得ます。購入前に実際の資産比率を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["diversification-asset-allocation","target-date-funds","bond-funds","how-to-compare-funds"]},{"slug":"esg-investing","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"ESG investing in Japan","ja":"日本のESG投資"},"summary":{"en":"ESG definitions, screening and scoring, benchmark differences, greenwashing, fees, and how to compare ESG funds.","ja":"ESGの定義、スクリーニングとスコアリング、指数の違い、グリーンウォッシング、手数料、ESGファンドの比べ方。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"ESG funds screen or weight holdings on environmental, social, and governance criteria, which changes portfolio exposures rather than removing market risk; watch for greenwashing, higher fees, and concentration, and compare the actual methodology and benchmark deviation.","ja":"ESGファンドは環境・社会・ガバナンスの基準で銘柄をスクリーニング・加重し、市場リスクを消すのではなく露出を変えます。グリーンウォッシング・高い手数料・集中に注意し、実際の手法と指数との乖離を比べます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["ESG = environmental, social, governance criteria applied via exclusions or scoring.","ESG screens change what you own, creating factor and sector tilts vs a broad index.","Greenwashing risk: labels can overstate how \"green\" a fund actually is.","ESG funds often charge higher fees than a plain broad index fund.","Compare the actual exclusions, scoring model, benchmark deviation, and cost — not the label."],"ja":["ESG＝環境・社会・ガバナンスの基準を、除外やスコアで適用。","ESGスクリーニングは保有内容を変え、広い指数に対しファクター・業種の偏りを生みます。","グリーンウォッシングのリスク：ラベルが実際の「環境性」を誇張し得ます。","ESGファンドは、素の広いインデックスより手数料が高いことが多いです。","ラベルではなく、実際の除外・スコア手法・指数との乖離・コストを比べます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what","heading":{"en":"What ESG means in practice","ja":"ESGの実際"},"body":{"en":["ESG investing applies environmental, social, and governance criteria to portfolio construction — either by excluding certain industries (exclusionary screening) or by tilting toward higher-scoring companies (best-in-class scoring). Different providers use different data, scores, and benchmarks, so two \"ESG\" funds can hold quite different portfolios.","The key point is that ESG changes your exposures rather than reducing market risk. An ESG fund is still an equity fund that can fall in a downturn; the screens simply alter which companies and sectors you own relative to a plain broad index."],"ja":["ESG投資は、環境・社会・ガバナンスの基準をポートフォリオ構築に適用します——特定業種を除外する（除外スクリーニング）か、スコアの高い企業へ傾ける（ベストインクラス）方法です。提供者ごとにデータ・スコア・指数が異なるため、2つの「ESG」ファンドがかなり違う保有になり得ます。","要点は、ESGは市場リスクを下げるのではなく露出を変えることです。ESGファンドも下落局面で下がる株式ファンドで、スクリーニングは素の広い指数に対して保有する企業・業種を変えるだけです。"]}},{"id":"compare","heading":{"en":"Greenwashing, fees, and comparison","ja":"グリーンウォッシング・手数料・比較"},"body":{"en":["Two cautions dominate. First, greenwashing: a green-sounding name or marketing does not guarantee the fund is meaningfully different from a conventional index. Read the actual methodology — what is excluded, how companies are scored, and how far the resulting portfolio deviates from a standard benchmark. Second, cost: ESG funds often charge more than a plain broad index fund, and that fee compounds against you.","To compare ESG funds, look past the label at concrete features: the exclusion list, the scoring model, benchmark deviation and tracking, sector and factor concentration, and total cost. If the portfolio barely differs from a cheap broad index but costs more, the ESG premium may buy little. If it differs a lot, understand the unintended bets — an ESG screen can create sizeable sector and factor tilts."],"ja":["2つの注意が中心です。第一にグリーンウォッシングで、環境的に聞こえる名前やマーケティングは、従来の指数と実質的に異なることを保証しません。実際の手法——何を除外し、どうスコア化し、結果のポートフォリオが標準指数からどれだけ乖離するか——を読みます。第二にコストで、ESGファンドは素の広い指数より高いことが多く、その手数料は不利に複利で効きます。","ESGファンドの比較は、ラベルの先の具体的な特徴を見ます。除外リスト、スコア手法、指数との乖離と追随、業種・ファクターの集中、総コストです。ポートフォリオが安い広い指数とほとんど変わらないのに高コストなら、ESGの上乗せはほとんど買えていないかもしれません。大きく異なるなら、意図しない賭け——ESGスクリーニングは相当な業種・ファクターの偏りを生み得ます——を理解します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors wanting values-aligned holdings","People comparing ESG vs plain index funds"],"ja":["価値観に沿った保有を望む投資家","ESGと素の指数を比べる人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone expecting ESG to reduce market risk","Readers wanting specific ESG picks"],"ja":["ESGで市場リスクが下がると期待する人","具体的なESG銘柄を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["ESG does not lower market risk and can add concentration; verify methodology and cost, not the label."],"ja":["ESGは市場リスクを下げず集中を加え得ます。ラベルではなく手法とコストを確認してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["how-to-compare-funds","active-vs-passive-investing","global-equity-funds"]},{"slug":"target-date-funds","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Target-date funds","ja":"ターゲットデートファンド"},"summary":{"en":"Target years, glide paths, automatic risk reduction, iDeCo/DC usage, fees, and when a generic path may not fit.","ja":"目標年、グライドパス、自動的なリスク低減、iDeCo/DCでの利用、手数料、既定の経路が合わない場合。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A target-date fund holds a diversified mix that automatically becomes more conservative as a chosen target year approaches; it is a hands-off retirement option (common in iDeCo and corporate DC), but a generic glide path may not match your personal situation.","ja":"ターゲットデートファンドは、選んだ目標年が近づくにつれ自動的に保守的になる分散された配分を保有します。手間のかからない退職向けの選択肢（iDeCoや企業型DCで一般的）ですが、既定のグライドパスが個人の状況に合わないことがあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["You pick a target year (near retirement); the fund does the rest.","The glide path automatically shifts from more equities to more bonds over time.","Common in iDeCo and corporate DC menus for hands-off retirement saving.","Fees vary; the automation is convenient but not free.","A generic glide path assumes an average investor — it may not fit your risk or other assets."],"ja":["目標年（退職近く）を選べば、あとはファンドが行います。","グライドパスが、時間とともに株式多めから債券多めへ自動的に移行します。","手間のかからない退職準備として、iDeCoや企業型DCのメニューで一般的です。","手数料は様々。自動化は便利ですが無料ではありません。","既定のグライドパスは平均的な投資家を前提とし、あなたのリスクや他資産に合わないことがあります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how","heading":{"en":"Target years and glide paths","ja":"目標年とグライドパス"},"body":{"en":["A target-date fund is built around a year — typically near your expected retirement. Early on it holds a growth-oriented mix (more equities); as the target year approaches, it automatically shifts toward a more conservative mix (more bonds and cash) along a predetermined \"glide path.\" You choose the fund matching your horizon and let it de-risk over time without any action from you.","This automation makes target-date funds a popular default in iDeCo and corporate defined-contribution menus, where many savers do not want to manage rebalancing or manually reduce risk as they age."],"ja":["ターゲットデートファンドは、ある年——通常は退職予定の頃——を軸に作られます。初期は成長志向の配分（株式多め）を持ち、目標年が近づくと、あらかじめ定めた「グライドパス」に沿って自動的に保守的な配分（債券・現金多め）へ移行します。時間軸に合うファンドを選べば、何もせずとも時間とともにリスクが下がります。","この自動化により、ターゲットデートファンドはiDeCoや企業型確定拠出年金のメニューで人気の既定選択になっています。多くの加入者は、加齢に応じてリバランスや手動のリスク低減を管理したくないためです。"]}},{"id":"fit","heading":{"en":"Fees and when it may not fit","ja":"手数料と、合わない場合"},"body":{"en":["The glide path is designed for an average investor with an average situation, which is exactly why it may not fit yours. If you have other assets (a pension, property, a working spouse), a different risk tolerance, or a non-standard timeline, the generic path could hold too much or too little equity for you. It also cannot see your full financial picture — only the target year.","Check fees, too: convenience has a cost, and some target-date funds charge more than assembling a simple index mix yourself. For a hands-off saver who values automatic de-risking, a target-date fund is a reasonable one-decision option; for someone who wants control or has a complex situation, a self-managed allocation may fit better."],"ja":["グライドパスは平均的な状況の平均的な投資家向けに設計されており、だからこそあなたに合わないことがあります。他の資産（年金・不動産・共働きの配偶者）、異なるリスク許容度、標準的でない時間軸があるなら、既定の経路はあなたには株式が多すぎ・少なすぎになり得ます。またファンドは目標年しか見ず、あなたの全体像は見えません。","手数料も確認します。手軽さにはコストがあり、一部のターゲットデートは自分で単純な指数を組むより高いです。自動的なリスク低減を重視する手間のかからない人には、1つの判断で済む妥当な選択肢です。管理性を望む人や複雑な状況の人には、自分で管理する配分のほうが合うことがあります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Hands-off retirement savers in iDeCo/DC","People who will not de-risk manually"],"ja":["iDeCo/DCで手間をかけたくない退職準備者","手動でリスクを下げない人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Investors wanting precise control","People with complex or non-standard situations"],"ja":["正確な管理を望む投資家","複雑・非標準の状況の人"]},"warnings":{"en":["A generic glide path may not match your risk or other assets; it cannot see your whole financial picture."],"ja":["既定のグライドパスはあなたのリスクや他資産に合わないことがあり、全体像は見えません。"]},"faqs":["nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"sources":["ideco-official","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["balanced-funds","ideco-complete-guide","diversification-asset-allocation"]},{"slug":"investing-for-beginners","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Investing in Japan for complete beginners","ja":"完全初心者のための日本での投資"},"summary":{"en":"A plain first path: emergency fund, NISA, one low-cost global fund, automation — with the mistakes to avoid.","ja":"最初の道筋：生活防衛資金、NISA、低コストの全世界1本、自動化——避けるべき失敗も。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"For a complete beginner, the simplest path is: build an emergency fund, open a NISA at a low-cost broker, automate a monthly purchase of one diversified low-cost index fund, and review once or twice a year.","ja":"完全初心者の最も簡単な道は、生活防衛資金を作り、低コストの証券会社でNISAを開き、分散された低コストのインデックス投信1本を毎月自動積立し、年1〜2回見直すことです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Emergency fund and debt repayment come before investing.","NISA recurring allowance is the natural first account for a beginner.","One low-cost all-country index fund is a reasonable complete equity core.","Automate the monthly purchase so there is no decision to make each month.","Avoid multiple overlapping thematic funds and picking by last year’s return."],"ja":["生活防衛資金と借金返済が投資より先です。","NISAのつみたて枠が、初心者の自然な最初の口座です。","低コストのオールカントリー1本が、妥当な株式の核になります。","毎月の買付を自動化し、毎月の判断をなくします。","重複するテーマ投信の多用や、昨年のリターンでの選択を避けます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"path","heading":{"en":"The beginner path","ja":"初心者の道"},"body":{"en":["The recommended starting point for a Japanese-speaking beginner investing a modest monthly amount is the NISA recurring allowance, funding one low-cost all-country equity fund. First secure liquid savings and clear high-interest debt; then open a NISA at a broad, low-cost broker such as Rakuten, SBI, Matsui, or Monex; then automate a monthly purchase you can sustain through job changes and market falls.","A sustained ¥5,000 a month is better than ¥100,000 you are later forced to stop and sell. The goal is a simple, automatic habit you can hold for years, not a clever portfolio."],"ja":["毎月控えめな額を投資する日本語話者の初心者に推奨される出発点は、NISAのつみたて枠で低コストのオールカントリー株式1本を積み立てることです。まず流動性のある貯蓄を確保し高金利の借金を返済。次に楽天・SBI・松井・マネックスなど広く低コストの証券会社でNISAを開き、転職や下落局面でも続けられる毎月の買付を自動化します。","続けられる月5,000円は、後で止めて売らざるを得ない月10万円より優れています。目的は、巧妙なポートフォリオではなく、何年も保てる単純で自動的な習慣です。"]}},{"id":"mistakes","heading":{"en":"What beginners should avoid","ja":"初心者が避けるべきこと"},"body":{"en":["The common early mistakes are avoidable. Do not invest your emergency fund — it needs reliability, not returns. Do not buy multiple overlapping thematic funds; one broad fund usually does the core job with less duplication and cost. Do not pick funds by last year’s return, which is an unreliable guide to the future. And do not treat NISA as risk-free — it removes tax, not the possibility of loss.","If you are a US taxpayer, pause before buying a Japanese mutual fund and review PFIC rules first. If you may leave Japan soon, understand that NISA generally cannot continue abroad."],"ja":["よくある初期の失敗は避けられます。生活防衛資金は投資しない——必要なのはリターンではなく確実さです。重複するテーマ投信を複数買わない——広い1本で重複とコストを抑え核を担えます。昨年のリターンで投信を選ばない——将来の手がかりとして不確実です。NISAを無リスクと捉えない——消すのは税で損失の可能性ではありません。","米国納税者なら、日本の投信を買う前に止まりPFIC規則を確認します。近く出国し得るなら、NISAは通常海外で継続できない点を理解します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["First-time investors in Japan","People who want the simplest possible start"],"ja":["日本で初めて投資する人","最も簡単な始め方を求める人"]},"notFor":{"en":["US taxpayers before review","Active traders"],"ja":["確認前の米国納税者","アクティブトレーダー"]},"warnings":{"en":["This is educational, not a recommendation to buy any security; you can lose money."],"ja":["これは教育情報で銘柄推奨ではありません。損失の可能性があります。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund","nisa-eligibility"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","fsa-registry"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["how-to-start-investing-japan","what-is-nisa","global-equity-funds","small-monthly-budget-investing"]},{"slug":"small-monthly-budget-investing","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Investing ¥5,000–¥30,000 per month","ja":"月5,000〜30,000円で投資する"},"summary":{"en":"How small monthly investors should use minimums, fractional shares, recurring funds, and points — without overtrading.","ja":"少額の毎月投資で、最低額・単元未満株・積立投信・ポイントをどう使うか——過剰売買を避けて。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"With ¥5,000–¥30,000 a month, use a broker with low minimums (from ¥100) and automatic recurring fund purchases, put it in NISA, and choose one diversified low-cost fund — convenience should not override product quality.","ja":"月5,000〜30,000円なら、低い最低額（100円から）と自動積立に対応する証券会社を使い、NISAに入れ、分散された低コスト投信を1本選びます。手軽さで商品の質を犠牲にしないこと。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Online brokers allow fund purchases from as little as ¥100 with automation.","PayPay, Rakuten, SBI, Monex, and Matsui suit small, app-based monthly investing.","Use the NISA recurring allowance so small gains stay tax-free.","Fractional/odd-lot shares let you buy stocks below a full trading unit.","Do not wait for a \"large enough\" amount, and do not overtrade tiny positions."],"ja":["ネット証券は最低100円から自動で投信を買えます。","PayPay・楽天・SBI・マネックス・松井が、少額のアプリ投資に向きます。","NISAのつみたて枠を使い、小さな利益も非課税に保ちます。","単元未満株で、1単元未満の株式も買えます。","「まとまった額」を待たず、少額ポジションで過剰売買しないこと。"]},"sections":[{"id":"setup","heading":{"en":"Setting up small monthly investing","ja":"少額の毎月投資の始め方"},"body":{"en":["A small budget is not a barrier. Online brokers let you buy investment trusts from as little as ¥100 and automate a monthly purchase, so ¥5,000–¥30,000 a month is entirely workable. Providers oriented to small, app-based investing include PayPay, Rakuten, SBI, Monex, and Matsui. Put the money in the NISA recurring allowance so even small gains stay tax-free.","For direct shares, fractional or odd-lot (単元未満株) services let you buy less than a full 100-share unit. Choose one diversified, low-cost fund as the core rather than scattering tiny amounts across many products."],"ja":["少額は障壁ではありません。ネット証券は最低100円から投信を買え毎月の自動積立ができるため、月5,000〜30,000円で十分に運用できます。少額のアプリ投資に向く会社に、PayPay・楽天・SBI・マネックス・松井があります。資金はNISAのつみたて枠に入れ、小さな利益も非課税に保ちます。","個別株は、単元未満株サービスで100株の1単元未満も買えます。少額を多数の商品に散らすより、分散された低コスト投信1本を核に選びます。"]}},{"id":"discipline","heading":{"en":"Discipline for small amounts","ja":"少額のための規律"},"body":{"en":["Two mistakes hurt small investors. The first is waiting for a \"large enough\" amount to start — but compounding rewards time, so a small automatic amount started now usually beats a bigger amount started later. The second is overtrading tiny positions or chasing small thematic bets, where fixed costs and spreads eat into modest sums.","Convenience features like points and fractional shares are useful, but they should not override product quality: a slightly less convenient broker with the right low-cost fund beats a flashy app pushing an expensive one. Keep it simple, automatic, and low-cost, and let the habit compound."],"ja":["少額投資家を苦しめる2つの失敗があります。1つ目は「まとまった額」を待って始めないことですが、複利は時間を報うため、今始める少額の自動積立は、後で始める大きな額に通常勝ります。2つ目は少額ポジションの過剰売買や小さなテーマへの賭けで、固定費やスプレッドが少額を削ります。","ポイントや単元未満株などの便利機能は有用ですが、商品の質より優先すべきではありません。多少不便でも正しい低コスト投信のある会社は、高コスト商品を勧める派手なアプリに勝ります。単純・自動・低コストに保ち、習慣を複利で効かせます。"]}},{"id":"grow","heading":{"en":"Increasing the amount over time","ja":"時間をかけて金額を増やす"},"body":{"en":["Start with what you can sustain, even ¥5,000, and raise the amount as your income grows or debt clears — many brokers let you edit the monthly figure in a few taps. The habit matters more than the starting size: a small amount invested consistently for years benefits from compounding far more than a large amount started late.","Keep the same simple structure as the amount grows: one diversified low-cost fund in NISA, automated. There is rarely a need to add complexity just because the balance is bigger; only broaden the plan (bonds, a second account) when a real goal or risk need calls for it."],"ja":["続けられる額——たとえ5,000円——から始め、収入の増加や借金の完済に応じて増やします。多くの証券会社は数タップで毎月の金額を変更できます。習慣は開始額より重要で、少額でも何年も続けると、遅く始めた大きな額よりはるかに複利の恩恵を受けます。","金額が増えても同じ単純な構造を保ちます。NISAで分散された低コスト投信1本を自動で。残高が大きいというだけで複雑にする必要はまれで、実際の目標やリスク上の必要が求めるとき（債券や2つ目の口座）にのみ計画を広げます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors starting with small monthly amounts","People building a first habit"],"ja":["少額の毎月投資から始める人","最初の習慣を作る人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Lump-sum investors (see lump-sum vs monthly)","Active traders"],"ja":["一括投資家（一括と積立参照）","アクティブトレーダー"]},"warnings":{"en":["Convenience and points should not lead you into a worse or costlier fund."],"ja":["手軽さやポイントで、劣った・高コストの投信に誘導されないように。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["investing-for-beginners","how-to-start-investing-japan","credit-card-investing","lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing"]},{"slug":"investing-for-retirement","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Investing for retirement in Japan","ja":"日本で老後に向けて投資する"},"summary":{"en":"Combining NISA, iDeCo, and employer plans; pension records; sequence risk; and how much cash a retiree holds.","ja":"NISA・iDeCo・企業制度の併用、年金記録、収益の順序リスク、退職者が持つべき現金。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"For retirement, combine NISA’s flexibility with iDeCo’s contribution deduction and any employer plan, base plans on your actual pension record, and manage sequence-of-returns risk by holding enough cash to avoid forced sales.","ja":"老後には、NISAの柔軟性・iDeCoの掛金控除・勤務先制度を組み合わせ、実際の年金記録に基づいて計画し、強制売却を避ける現金を確保して収益の順序リスクに備えます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["NISA and iDeCo can be used together; iDeCo adds a deduction but locks funds until retirement.","Base retirement plans on your public pension record, not on assumed investment returns.","Sequence-of-returns risk: poor early-withdrawal returns can permanently damage sustainability.","Hold enough cash to fund planned spending and avoid selling in a downturn.","Total return with planned sales is often more robust than relying only on dividends."],"ja":["NISAとiDeCoは併用可。iDeCoは控除を加えるが老後まで資金を固定します。","老後計画は、想定利回りではなく公的年金の記録に基づけます。","収益の順序リスク：取り崩し初期の低収益は持続性を恒久的に損ない得ます。","計画的な支出をまかない下落局面で売らずに済む現金を持ちます。","計画的な売却を伴うトータルリターンは、配当のみに頼るより頑健なことが多いです。"]},"sections":[{"id":"accounts","heading":{"en":"Combining accounts","ja":"口座の組み合わせ"},"body":{"en":["Retirement saving usually blends accounts. NISA offers flexible, tax-free growth you can access any time. iDeCo adds an up-front income-tax deduction and tax-deferred growth in exchange for locking funds until eligible retirement age — valuable when your income makes the deduction worthwhile and you accept the lock-up. Employer defined-contribution or defined-benefit plans add employer funding and should be checked for matching and menu quality.","Base your plan on facts, not assumptions: estimate your public pension from your actual contribution record (not an investment-return guess), inventory employer and private accounts, and estimate essential vs optional spending in today’s yen."],"ja":["老後準備は通常、口座を組み合わせます。NISAはいつでも使える柔軟で非課税の成長を提供します。iDeCoは、受給年齢まで資金を固定する代わりに、掛金の所得控除と課税繰延の成長を加えます——所得により控除が有利で固定を受け入れられるとき価値があります。勤務先の確定拠出・確定給付の制度は会社の拠出を加え、マッチングやメニューの質を確認します。","計画は仮定ではなく事実に基づけます。公的年金は実際の加入記録（利回りの推測ではなく）から見込み、勤務先・私的口座を棚卸しし、必須・任意支出を現在価値で見積もります。"]}},{"id":"drawdown","heading":{"en":"Sequence risk and cash","ja":"順序リスクと現金"},"body":{"en":["Near and during retirement, the order of returns matters, not just the average. Sequence-of-returns risk means a run of poor returns early in your withdrawal phase can permanently damage how long the portfolio lasts, because you are selling into a decline. The defence is holding enough cash and safe assets to fund planned spending without forced sales during a downturn, based on your pension income and risk tolerance.","On income, a common misconception is that dividends should fund retirement. Relying only on high-dividend securities concentrates risk; a total-return approach — a diversified portfolio with small planned sales — is often more robust and better diversified. Review the plan annually and after employment, family, or residency changes."],"ja":["退職の前後では、平均だけでなく収益の順序が重要です。収益の順序リスクとは、取り崩し初期に低収益が続くと、下落局面で売るため、ポートフォリオの持続期間が恒久的に損なわれ得ることです。対策は、年金収入とリスク許容度に基づき、下落局面で強制売却せず計画的な支出をまかなう現金・安全資産を十分に持つことです。","収入面では、配当で老後をまかなうべきという誤解があります。高配当証券のみに頼るとリスクが集中し、トータルリターン——分散したポートフォリオと少額の計画的売却——のほうが頑健で分散されることが多いです。計画は毎年、および雇用・家族・在留の変化時に見直します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents planning for retirement","People combining NISA, iDeCo, and pensions"],"ja":["老後を計画する居住者","NISA・iDeCo・年金を組み合わせる人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone needing individual pension advice","US taxpayers before review"],"ja":["個別の年金助言が必要な人","確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Pension estimates are not guarantees; a calculator scenario is not a forecast or entitlement statement."],"ja":["年金見込は保証ではありません。計算シナリオは予測でも受給権証明でもありません。"]},"faqs":["nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"sources":["ideco-official","jps-pension-system","jps-employees-pension","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["ideco-complete-guide","nisa-vs-ideco","investment-accounts-japan-compared","target-date-funds"]},{"slug":"high-income-investing","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Investing in Japan for high-income earners","ja":"高所得者のための日本での投資"},"summary":{"en":"Maximising the NISA and iDeCo tax benefits, asset location across taxable accounts, and where the deduction matters most.","ja":"NISA・iDeCoの税制優遇の最大化、課税口座をまたぐ資産の配置、控除が最も効く場面。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Higher earners benefit most from iDeCo’s income-tax deduction and from filling NISA, then use a taxable specified account for overflow with attention to asset location and loss offsets.","ja":"高所得者は、iDeCoの所得控除とNISAの活用の恩恵が最も大きく、超過分は資産の配置と損益通算に配慮して課税の特定口座で保有します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["iDeCo’s contribution deduction scales with your marginal tax rate — most valuable for high earners.","Fill NISA for tax-free growth, then use a taxable specified account for overflow.","Asset location: growth assets in NISA, loss-sensitive strategies in taxable accounts.","Taxable losses can offset gains and carry forward three years; NISA losses cannot.","Complexity rises with cross-border ties — get advice for US-person or multi-country situations."],"ja":["iDeCoの掛金控除は限界税率に比例し、高所得者で最も価値が高いです。","NISAで非課税成長を活用し、超過分は課税の特定口座で保有します。","資産の配置：成長資産はNISA、損失を活かす戦略は課税口座へ。","課税口座の損失は利益と通算し3年繰越可。NISAの損失は不可。","越境の結びつきで複雑さが増します——米国関係者や複数国は助言を。"]},"sections":[{"id":"deductions","heading":{"en":"Where the tax benefits bite hardest","ja":"税制優遇が最も効く場面"},"body":{"en":["For a high earner, the up-front deductions matter more than for others. iDeCo contributions are generally deductible from income, and because the saving scales with your marginal tax rate, the same contribution is worth more to a high earner than to a low earner — often making iDeCo especially attractive despite its lock-up. NISA’s benefit is tax-free growth rather than a deduction, but its value grows with the size and duration of your gains.","A common sequence is to fund NISA and maximise iDeCo where the deduction is valuable and the retirement lock-up acceptable, considering any employer plan alongside. Verify iDeCo limits and the December 2026 changes before enrolling."],"ja":["高所得者では、掛金控除が他の人以上に効きます。iDeCoの掛金は原則所得控除で、節税は限界税率に比例するため、同じ拠出でも高所得者にはより価値が高く、固定にもかかわらずiDeCoが特に魅力的になりがちです。NISAの利点は控除ではなく非課税成長ですが、利益の大きさと期間に応じて価値が高まります。","よくある順序は、NISAを活用し、控除が有利で固定を受け入れられる範囲でiDeCoを最大化し、勤務先制度も併せて考えることです。加入前にiDeCoの上限と2026年12月の改正を確認します。"]}},{"id":"location","heading":{"en":"Asset location and overflow","ja":"資産の配置と超過分"},"body":{"en":["Once NISA and iDeCo room is used, additional money goes to a taxable specified account, and asset location becomes worth thinking about. Broadly, place assets you expect to grow long-term inside the tax-free NISA to use that space efficiently, and put overflow, ineligible assets, and loss-sensitive or trading strategies in the taxable account — where losses can offset gains and carry forward three years, a relief NISA does not provide.","Higher balances also raise the stakes on cost and cross-border issues. A 1% fee on a large portfolio is a large yen amount, so favour low-cost funds; and if you have US-person status or ties to multiple countries, get individual advice covering PFIC, foreign tax credits, reporting, and estate exposure before buying."],"ja":["NISAとiDeCoの枠を使い切ると、追加分は課税の特定口座へ回り、資産の配置を考える価値が出ます。大まかに、長期で成長を見込む資産は非課税のNISAに置いてその枠を有効活用し、超過分・対象外資産・損失を活かす/取引の戦略は課税口座へ——ここでは損失を利益と通算し3年繰り越せ、NISAにはない救済です。","残高が大きいほど、コストと越境の問題の重要度が増します。大きなポートフォリオへの1%の手数料は大きな円額のため、低コスト投信を優先します。米国関係者の地位や複数国との結びつきがあるなら、購入前にPFIC・外国税額控除・報告・遺産税の露出を含む個別助言を受けます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["High earners maximising tax-advantaged space","People with money beyond NISA/iDeCo limits"],"ja":["税制優遇枠を最大化する高所得者","NISA/iDeCo枠を超える資金がある人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People without a financial base yet","Anyone needing individual tax advice"],"ja":["まだ財務の土台がない人","個別の税務助言が必要な人"]},"warnings":{"en":["This is educational sequencing, not tax advice; cross-border and estate issues need a professional."],"ja":["これは教育的な順序であり税務助言ではありません。越境・遺産の問題は専門家へ。"]},"faqs":["nisa-vs-ideco-q","nisa-us-citizen"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","ideco-official"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["nisa-vs-ideco","ideco-complete-guide","investment-accounts-japan-compared","taxes-on-investments-japan"]},{"slug":"global-investors-japan","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Investing in US and global markets from Japan","ja":"日本から米国・全世界市場に投資する"},"summary":{"en":"Broker choice for global access, currency and FX costs, foreign withholding, and tax/data complexity for multi-market investors.","ja":"全世界にアクセスする証券会社選び、通貨とFXコスト、外国源泉徴収、複数市場投資家の税・データの複雑さ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Investors wanting broad global-market access from Japan should compare brokers on foreign-market breadth, FX costs, and NISA support; Interactive Brokers Japan and the large online brokers lead, but foreign withholding, currency, and tax/data complexity all rise with breadth.","ja":"日本から広い全世界市場にアクセスしたい投資家は、外国市場の広さ・FXコスト・NISA対応で証券会社を比べます。IBKR証券と大手ネット証券が先行しますが、外国源泉徴収・通貨・税/データの複雑さも広さとともに増します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["IBKR Japan, SBI, Rakuten, and Monex lead for broad foreign-market access.","Converting yen to foreign currency incurs an FX spread; compare conversion terms.","Foreign dividends can retain source-country withholding even inside NISA.","Broader access means more tax, currency, and data complexity to manage.","For most, a single global fund captures world diversification more simply than many markets."],"ja":["IBKR証券・SBI・楽天・マネックスが、広い外国市場アクセスで先行します。","円から外貨への両替には為替スプレッドがかかります。両替条件を比べます。","外国配当はNISA内でも源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。","アクセスが広いほど、管理すべき税・通貨・データの複雑さが増します。","多くの人には、全世界1本のほうが多市場より簡単に世界分散を得られます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"access","heading":{"en":"Broker choice for global access","ja":"全世界アクセスの証券会社選び"},"body":{"en":["If you want to trade many foreign markets directly — not just via a global fund — broker breadth matters. Interactive Brokers Japan offers the widest verified global-market access with confirmed English support, and the large online brokers (SBI, Rakuten, Monex) support US and some other foreign markets with competitive pricing. Match the broker to the exact markets and instruments you need, and confirm NISA support for eligible foreign products.","Costs go beyond commission. Converting yen to a foreign currency incurs an FX spread (some brokers advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread; verify), and each market can add exchange and regulatory fees. Account for the all-in cost, not just the headline commission."],"ja":["全世界ファンド経由ではなく多くの外国市場を直接取引したいなら、証券会社の広さが重要です。インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券は、英語対応が確認された中で最も広い全世界市場アクセスを提供し、大手ネット証券（SBI・楽天・マネックス）は米国や一部の外国市場に競争的な価格で対応します。必要な市場・商品に合わせて選び、対象の外国商品のNISA対応を確認します。","コストは手数料だけではありません。円を外貨に両替する為替スプレッド（リアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社もあり、要確認）や、各市場の取引所・規制手数料が加わります。表面の手数料でなく総コストで考えます。"]}},{"id":"complexity","heading":{"en":"Withholding, currency, and complexity","ja":"源泉徴収・通貨・複雑さ"},"body":{"en":["Global investing adds three complexities. Foreign dividends can retain source-country withholding even inside NISA, which removes only Japanese tax; foreign-tax-credit relief generally requires a Japanese return, and NISA’s lack of Japanese tax can complicate recovery. Currency exposure means your yen returns reflect exchange rates as well as asset prices. And multi-market investing generates more records, statements, and tax detail to manage.","For most investors, a single broad global (all-country) fund captures world diversification far more simply than assembling many individual markets. Direct multi-market access earns its complexity only when you specifically need instruments a fund does not offer. US taxpayers face additional US reporting on all of this and should get cross-border advice."],"ja":["全世界投資は3つの複雑さを加えます。外国配当はNISA内でも源泉地国の課税が残り得て、NISAが消すのは日本の税だけです。外国税額控除は通常日本での申告が必要で、NISAに日本の税がないことが回収を複雑にし得ます。通貨露出により、円リターンは資産価格に加え為替を反映します。そして多市場投資は、管理すべき記録・明細・税の詳細を増やします。","多くの投資家には、広い全世界（オールカントリー）1本のほうが、多くの個別市場を組み立てるよりはるかに簡単に世界分散を得られます。直接の多市場アクセスは、ファンドにない商品が特に必要なときにのみ複雑さに見合います。米国納税者はこれら全てに米国での追加報告があり、越境助言を受けるべきです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors wanting broad global-market access","English-dominant professionals"],"ja":["広い全世界アクセスを望む投資家","英語中心の専門職"]},"notFor":{"en":["Beginners better served by one global fund","US taxpayers before review"],"ja":["全世界1本で十分な初心者","確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Breadth adds tax, currency, and data complexity; foreign withholding is not removed by NISA."],"ja":["広さは税・通貨・データの複雑さを加えます。外国源泉徴収はNISAでは消えません。"]},"faqs":["nisa-us-citizen"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","fsa-registry","nta-listed-dividends"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["us-stocks-from-japan","global-equity-funds","currency-risk-yen","us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},{"slug":"advised-investing-japan","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Investing with human financial advice","ja":"人による金融アドバイスを使う投資"},"summary":{"en":"When full-service brokers and advisers add value, the cost and conflict-of-interest issues, and what to demand.","ja":"フルサービス証券やアドバイザーが価値を加える場面、コストと利益相反、要求すべきこと。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Full-service brokers (Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, Mizuho) and advisers can help with bonds, IPOs, inheritance, and complex situations, but cost more and may face distribution conflicts — demand explicit all-in costs and benchmark comparisons.","ja":"フルサービス証券（野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ）やアドバイザーは、債券・IPO・相続・複雑な事情に役立ちますが、コストが高く販売の利益相反があり得ます。総コストとベンチマーク比較の明示を求めます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Full-service firms help with bonds, IPOs, inheritance, and complex or high-net-worth needs.","Branch and comprehensive-course commissions are much higher than online-only brokers.","Adviser compensation is not neutral — product distribution can create conflicts of interest.","Demand the explicit all-in cost and a benchmark comparison for any recommendation.","For simple passive investing, an online broker is usually far cheaper."],"ja":["フルサービスは、債券・IPO・相続や複雑/富裕層のニーズに役立ちます。","店舗・総合コースの手数料は、ネット専業よりはるかに高いです。","アドバイザーの報酬は中立ではなく、商品販売が利益相反を生み得ます。","どの推奨にも、総コストとベンチマーク比較の明示を求めます。","単純なパッシブ投資なら、ネット証券のほうが通常はるかに安いです。"]},"sections":[{"id":"value","heading":{"en":"When advice adds value","ja":"助言が価値を加える場面"},"body":{"en":["Full-service brokers — Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, Mizuho — and human advisers can genuinely help in specific situations: navigating bonds and IPO allocations, inheritance and estate matters, cross-border complexity, or simply providing hand-holding and physical branch support that some investors value. For complex or high-net-worth needs, that service can be worth paying for.","The trade-off is cost. Branch and comprehensive-course commissions can be dramatically higher than online brokers — for routine domestic stock trades, branch schedules can reach well over 1%, versus near-zero online. For simple passive investing, that gap is hard to justify."],"ja":["フルサービス証券——野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ——や人によるアドバイザーは、特定の場面で本当に役立ちます。債券やIPO配分、相続・遺産、越境の複雑さ、あるいは一部の投資家が重視する対面のサポートや店舗です。複雑・富裕層のニーズには、そのサービスは対価に見合い得ます。","トレードオフはコストです。店舗・総合コースの手数料はネット証券より大幅に高いことがあり、通常の国内株取引で店舗の料率は1%を大きく超え得る一方、ネットはほぼ0です。単純なパッシブ投資では、この差は正当化しづらいです。"]}},{"id":"conflicts","heading":{"en":"Conflicts and what to demand","ja":"利益相反と要求すべきこと"},"body":{"en":["Do not assume adviser compensation is neutral. When an adviser or firm earns more by selling certain products, there is an inherent conflict of interest, and a recommendation may reflect distribution incentives as well as your interests. This does not make advice worthless, but it means you should scrutinise recommendations rather than accept them on trust.","The practical safeguard: for any recommendation, demand the explicit all-in cost (commissions, wrap or advisory fees, fund expenses, and any hidden charges) and a comparison against a relevant low-cost benchmark. If a recommended product cannot justify its cost against a cheap index alternative, ask why. Good advisers welcome these questions."],"ja":["アドバイザーの報酬が中立と決めつけないでください。アドバイザーや会社が特定商品の販売でより多く稼ぐとき、本質的な利益相反があり、推奨は販売の誘因とあなたの利益の両方を反映し得ます。助言が無価値というわけではありませんが、鵜呑みにせず推奨を精査すべきです。","実務的な防御策：どの推奨にも、総コスト（手数料・ラップ/助言料・投信費用・隠れた費用）と、適切な低コストのベンチマークとの比較の明示を求めます。推奨商品が安い指数の代替に対しコストを正当化できないなら、理由を尋ねます。良いアドバイザーはこうした質問を歓迎します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors valuing human support","People with bonds, IPOs, or inheritance needs"],"ja":["対面サポートを重視する投資家","債券・IPO・相続のニーズがある人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Cost-focused passive investors","Anyone comfortable self-directing online"],"ja":["コスト重視のパッシブ投資家","ネットで自分で運用できる人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Adviser incentives can conflict with your interests; always compare recommended products to low-cost alternatives."],"ja":["アドバイザーの誘因はあなたの利益と相反し得ます。推奨商品は必ず低コストの代替と比べてください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-registry","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["choosing-a-brokerage-japan","robo-advisors-japan","active-vs-passive-investing"]},{"slug":"temporary-residents-investing","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Investing when you may leave Japan soon","ja":"近く日本を離れるかもしれない場合の投資"},"summary":{"en":"Whether to open NISA, portable products, broker continuation policies, and pre-departure planning for uncertain stays.","ja":"NISAを開くべきか、持ち運べる商品、証券会社の継続方針、滞在が不確かな場合の出国前計画。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"If your stay is uncertain, weigh NISA against liquid cash, favour portable and simple products, confirm each broker’s non-resident continuation policy before opening, and get the written departure procedure in advance.","ja":"滞在が不確かなら、NISAと流動性のある現金を比較し、持ち運べる単純な商品を優先し、開設前に各社の非居住者継続方針を確認し、出国手続を事前に書面で入手します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["NISA generally cannot continue after you become non-resident, except specific qualifying cases.","Favour portable, simple, liquid holdings over illiquid or administratively complex products.","Confirm the broker’s non-resident and departure policy before opening an account.","Building a large NISA balance you must unwind on departure may not make sense.","Plan tax, remittance, and record-keeping for both Japan and your destination country."],"ja":["NISAは非居住者になると原則継続できません（特定の適格な場合を除く）。","流動性が低く管理が複雑な商品より、持ち運べる単純で換金しやすい保有を優先します。","口座開設前に、証券会社の非居住者・出国方針を確認します。","出国時に解消が必要な大きなNISA残高を作るのは合理的でないことがあります。","日本と渡航先の両方について、税・送金・記録を計画します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"should-you","heading":{"en":"Should you open NISA at all?","ja":"そもそもNISAを開くべきか"},"body":{"en":["If you are fairly sure you will stay several years, NISA can still be worthwhile alongside a solid cash reserve. If departure is likely soon or genuinely uncertain, weigh it carefully: NISA generally cannot continue after you become non-resident (except specific qualifying temporary-departure cases filed in advance), so a large NISA balance may have to be unwound when you leave, potentially at an inconvenient time.","A reasonable stance for uncertain stays is to keep more in liquid cash, invest modestly through portable and simple products, and avoid building a position whose forced unwind on departure would be costly or complicated."],"ja":["数年は滞在するとほぼ確信できるなら、しっかりした現金準備と併せてNISAはなお有益です。近い出国が濃厚、または本当に不確かなら慎重に判断します。NISAは非居住者になると原則継続できない（事前申告した特定の一時出国を除く）ため、大きなNISA残高は出国時に解消が必要になり得て、都合の悪い時期になりかねません。","滞在が不確かな場合の妥当な姿勢は、現金を多めに保ち、持ち運べる単純な商品で控えめに投資し、出国時の強制解消が高くつく・複雑になるポジションを避けることです。"]}},{"id":"planning","heading":{"en":"Products, policies, and departure","ja":"商品・方針・出国"},"body":{"en":["Favour portable, simple, liquid holdings — a broad low-cost fund or widely held securities — over illiquid or administratively complex products that are hard to move or value across borders. Before opening any account, confirm the broker’s non-resident policy: whether it can maintain a taxable account after you leave, for which destination countries, and what happens to each asset type.","Plan the exit before you build the position. Obtain the broker’s written departure procedure in advance, understand that no new NISA purchases are allowed while abroad, and plan for tax, remittance of proceeds, and record-keeping in both Japan and your destination. Where holdings are material or your situation is cross-border, get individual advice."],"ja":["持ち運べる単純で換金しやすい保有——広い低コスト投信や広く保有される証券——を、国をまたいで移動・評価しにくい流動性の低い・管理が複雑な商品より優先します。口座を開く前に、証券会社の非居住者方針を確認します。出国後に課税口座を維持できるか、どの渡航先向けか、資産種別ごとにどうなるかです。","ポジションを作る前に出国を計画します。各社の出国手続を事前に書面で入手し、海外では新規のNISA買付ができない点を理解し、日本と渡航先の両方で税・売却代金の送金・記録を計画します。保有が重要または越境の事情があるなら個別助言を受けます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents unsure how long they will stay","People on time-limited visas"],"ja":["滞在期間が不確かな居住者","期限付き在留資格の人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Settled long-term residents","US taxpayers before cross-border review"],"ja":["定住の長期居住者","越境確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Broker non-resident policies vary and can be stricter than tax law; confirm before opening and before leaving."],"ja":["各社の非居住者方針は様々で税法より厳しいことがあります。開設前と出国前に確認してください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-leaving-japan","nisa-eligibility"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["investing-as-foreign-resident","nisa-when-not-first","how-to-start-investing-japan"]},{"slug":"specified-vs-general-accounts","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Specified vs general brokerage accounts","ja":"特定口座と一般口座"},"summary":{"en":"The specified account (with/without withholding) vs the general account, tax reporting, and who should use each.","ja":"特定口座（源泉徴収あり/なし）と一般口座、税務申告、それぞれ向く人。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A specified account with withholding has the broker calculate and withhold tax so you usually need no return; without withholding the broker calculates but you file; a general account requires you to calculate everything yourself.","ja":"特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は証券会社が計算・源泉徴収し通常申告不要、源泉徴収なしは証券会社が計算し自分で申告、一般口座は自分ですべて計算します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Specified with withholding (源泉徴収あり): broker withholds tax; a return is often unnecessary.","Specified without withholding: broker supplies an annual report, but you normally file.","General account (一般口座): you calculate acquisition cost and taxable gain yourself.","All three are taxable and can coexist with NISA.","Most people choose specified-with-withholding for simplicity."],"ja":["特定・源泉徴収あり：証券会社が源泉徴収し、通常申告不要。","特定・源泉徴収なし：証券会社が年間報告書を出すが、通常は自分で申告。","一般口座：取得価額と課税所得を自分で計算します。","3種類とも課税口座で、NISAと併用できます。","多くの人は簡便さから特定・源泉徴収ありを選びます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"three","heading":{"en":"The three account types","ja":"3つの口座タイプ"},"body":{"en":["A taxable brokerage account in Japan comes in three forms. A specified account with withholding (特定口座・源泉徴収あり) has the broker calculate your gains and withhold the Japanese tax at source, so for those transactions a tax return is often unnecessary. A specified account without withholding calculates your annual results and gives you a report, but you normally file and pay yourself. A general account (一般口座) leaves you to calculate acquisition cost and taxable gain entirely.","All three are taxable (unlike NISA) and can be held alongside NISA and each other. The difference is purely how much tax administration the broker handles versus you."],"ja":["日本の課税証券口座は3種類あります。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は、証券会社が損益を計算し源泉で日本の税を徴収するため、その取引は多くの場合申告不要です。源泉徴収なしは、年間の結果を計算して報告書をくれますが、通常は自分で申告・納税します。一般口座は、取得価額と課税所得を完全に自分で計算します。","3種類とも（NISAと違い）課税口座で、NISAや相互に併用できます。違いは、税務事務を証券会社がどれだけ担うか、あなたがどれだけ担うかだけです。"]}},{"id":"who","heading":{"en":"Who should use each","ja":"それぞれ向く人"},"body":{"en":["For most people, the specified account with withholding is the simplest: the broker handles the tax, and you can often avoid filing for those trades entirely. The main downsides are that filing might still be useful (for example to claim loss offsets across brokers or foreign tax credits), and that declared income can, in some cases, affect social-insurance or dependent calculations.","A specified account without withholding suits those who prefer to manage their own filing and cash flow. A general account is needed only for assets or transactions the specified account cannot hold — it carries the highest recordkeeping burden and is rarely the default for ordinary investing."],"ja":["多くの人には、特定口座（源泉徴収あり）が最も簡単です。証券会社が税を処理し、その取引の申告を完全に避けられることが多いです。主な欠点は、申告がなお有用なことがある点（例：口座をまたいだ損失通算や外国税額控除）と、申告した所得が場合により社会保険や扶養の計算に影響し得る点です。","源泉徴収なしは、自分で申告と資金繰りを管理したい人に向きます。一般口座は、特定口座で扱えない資産・取引にのみ必要で、記録の負担が最も大きく、通常の投資の既定にはまれです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["New investors choosing an account type","People deciding whether they must file"],"ja":["口座タイプを選ぶ新規投資家","申告が必要か判断する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["NISA-only investors (see the NISA guide)","Anyone needing individual tax advice"],"ja":["NISAのみの投資家（NISAガイド参照）","個別の税務助言が必要な人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Even with a withholding account, filing may still be required or beneficial; confirm your situation."],"ja":["源泉徴収口座でも申告が必要・有益なことがあります。自分の状況を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["nta-tokutei-account","nta-share-transfer","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["taxes-on-investments-japan","nisa-vs-taxable-account","investment-accounts-japan-compared","capital-gains-and-losses"]},{"slug":"nisa-vs-taxable-account","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"NISA vs taxable brokerage account","ja":"NISAと課税口座"},"summary":{"en":"Tax on gains and dividends, loss deductions, product limits, recordkeeping, and asset-location strategy.","ja":"利益・配当への課税、損失控除、商品制限、記録、資産配置の考え方。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"NISA exempts qualifying gains and dividends from Japanese tax but caps contributions and gives no loss deduction; a taxable account has no cap and allows loss offsets and three-year carryforward but taxes gains at 20.315% — so put growth assets in NISA and loss-sensitive strategies in the taxable account.","ja":"NISAは対象の利益・配当を非課税にするが上限があり損失控除がなく、課税口座は上限なしで損益通算・3年繰越ができるが利益に20.315%課税されます。よって成長資産はNISA、損失を活かす戦略は課税口座に置きます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["NISA: no Japanese tax on qualifying gains; taxable account: normally 20.315%.","Taxable losses offset gains and carry forward three years; NISA losses give no deduction.","NISA has product and contribution limits; taxable accounts have neither.","A withholding taxable account simplifies filing; NISA is simple domestically.","Asset location: growth assets in NISA, overflow/ineligible/loss-sensitive in taxable."],"ja":["NISA：対象の利益に日本の課税なし。課税口座：通常20.315%。","課税口座の損失は利益と通算し3年繰越可。NISAの損失は控除不可。","NISAは商品・拠出の上限あり。課税口座はどちらもなし。","源泉徴収の課税口座は申告を簡単に。NISAは国内では簡単。","資産配置：成長資産はNISA、超過/対象外/損失戦略は課税口座へ。"]},"sections":[{"id":"tax","heading":{"en":"Tax and loss treatment","ja":"税と損失の扱い"},"body":{"en":["The headline difference is tax. In a taxable account, gains and qualifying dividends on listed securities are generally taxed at 20.315%. In NISA, those qualifying returns are exempt from Japanese tax — the wrapper’s core benefit, most valuable for assets you expect to grow a lot over a long period.","But taxable accounts have one advantage NISA lacks: loss relief. Taxable losses can offset eligible gains and dividends and, when you file, carry forward three years. NISA losses give no deduction and cannot be carried forward, so a strategy that relies on realising losses belongs in a taxable account, not NISA."],"ja":["最大の違いは税です。課税口座では、上場証券の利益と対象配当が通常20.315%課税されます。NISAではその対象の利益が日本の課税を免れます——制度の核心的な利点で、長期に大きく成長を見込む資産で最も価値があります。","ただし課税口座には、NISAにない利点があります。損失救済です。課税口座の損失は対象の利益・配当と通算でき、申告すれば3年繰り越せます。NISAの損失は控除にならず繰越もできないため、損失の実現に依存する戦略はNISAではなく課税口座に向きます。"]}},{"id":"limits-records","heading":{"en":"Limits and recordkeeping","ja":"上限と記録"},"body":{"en":["NISA is limited by statute and by your broker’s menu — only eligible products, and only up to the annual and lifetime allowances. A taxable account has no contribution ceiling and a broader product scope, so it naturally holds anything beyond NISA limits or ineligible for NISA.","On records, NISA is simple domestically (no Japanese tax to compute), while a specified account with withholding simplifies taxable filing by having the broker calculate and withhold. Keep annual transaction reports either way, especially if you use multiple brokers or hold foreign assets."],"ja":["NISAは法律と証券会社のメニューで制限されます——対象商品のみ、年間・生涯枠まで。課税口座は拠出上限がなく商品範囲も広いため、NISA枠超過や対象外の資産を自然に保有します。","記録面では、NISAは国内で簡単（計算すべき日本の税がない）で、特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は証券会社が計算・徴収して課税申告を簡単にします。いずれにせよ、特に複数の証券会社や外国資産があるなら、年間取引報告書を保管します。"]}},{"id":"location","heading":{"en":"Asset location strategy","ja":"資産配置の考え方"},"body":{"en":["Because the accounts have opposite strengths, where you place each asset matters. The efficient default is to hold assets you expect to produce positive long-term returns inside NISA — using the tax-free space where it does the most good — and to place overflow, NISA-ineligible assets, loss-sensitive strategies, and active trading in the taxable account, where loss offsets exist.","Example: a broad long-horizon equity fund is a natural NISA holding, while a strategy where you might realise losses to offset other gains belongs in the taxable account. Most investors fund NISA first, then use a specified account for the rest."],"ja":["2つの口座は強みが逆のため、どの資産をどこに置くかが重要です。効率的な既定は、長期でプラスのリターンを見込む資産をNISAに置き——非課税枠が最も効く場所で使い——超過分・NISA対象外・損失を活かす戦略・アクティブ取引を、損益通算のある課税口座に置くことです。","例：広い長期の株式ファンドは自然なNISA保有で、他の利益と相殺するため損失を実現し得る戦略は課税口座に向きます。多くの投資家はまずNISAを使い、残りを特定口座で保有します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors with money beyond NISA limits","People planning asset location"],"ja":["NISA枠を超える資金がある投資家","資産配置を計画する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone needing individual tax advice","US taxpayers before review"],"ja":["個別の税務助言が必要な人","確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Tax rules depend on individual facts; this is educational, not tax advice."],"ja":["税制は個別事情に依存します。これは教育情報で税務助言ではありません。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","nta-share-transfer","nta-loss-carryforward"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["investment-accounts-japan-compared","specified-vs-general-accounts","taxes-on-investments-japan","nisa-complete-guide"]},{"slug":"capital-gains-and-losses","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Capital gains and investment losses","ja":"譲渡益と投資の損失"},"summary":{"en":"Calculating gains, acquisition costs, loss offsets, three-year carryforward, NISA loss treatment, and multiple brokers.","ja":"利益の計算、取得価額、損益通算、3年繰越、NISAの損失、複数証券会社。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A capital gain is sale proceeds minus adjusted acquisition cost; taxable listed-security losses can offset eligible gains and dividends and carry forward three years if you file, while losses realised inside NISA give no deduction.","ja":"譲渡益は売却代金から調整後の取得価額を引いたものです。課税口座の上場証券の損失は対象の利益・配当と通算でき申告すれば3年繰り越せますが、NISA内の損失は控除になりません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Capital gain = sale proceeds − adjusted acquisition cost (and relevant expenses).","Taxable listed-security losses offset eligible gains and dividends when you file.","Unused losses carry forward up to three years with the required returns.","NISA losses give no deduction and cannot be carried forward.","Across multiple brokers, offsets require correct, filed figures — keep your own records."],"ja":["譲渡益＝売却代金−調整後の取得価額（および関連費用）。","課税口座の上場証券の損失は、申告時に対象の利益・配当と通算します。","未使用の損失は、必要な申告により最大3年繰り越せます。","NISAの損失は控除にならず繰越もできません。","複数の証券会社では通算に正確な申告値が必要——自分で記録を残します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"calc","heading":{"en":"Calculating a gain","ja":"利益の計算"},"body":{"en":["A capital gain (譲渡益) is your sale proceeds minus the adjusted acquisition cost of what you sold, less relevant expenses. Acquisition cost includes what you paid plus applicable purchase costs, and when you have bought the same security at different prices, an averaging method determines the cost per unit. In a specified account the broker computes this for you; in a general account you must track it yourself.","Getting acquisition cost right matters because it directly sets the taxable gain. Errors usually come from forgetting reinvested amounts, multiple lots at different prices, or foreign-currency conversions."],"ja":["譲渡益は、売却代金から、売却したものの調整後の取得価額と関連費用を引いたものです。取得価額は支払額に購入費用を加えたもので、同じ銘柄を異なる価格で買った場合は平均法で1単位あたりの原価を決めます。特定口座では証券会社が計算し、一般口座では自分で管理します。","取得価額を正しく出すことは、課税所得を直接決めるため重要です。誤りは通常、再投資額の失念、異なる価格の複数ロット、外貨換算から生じます。"]}},{"id":"offsets","heading":{"en":"Offsets and carryforward","ja":"通算と繰越"},"body":{"en":["Losses on qualifying listed securities in a taxable account can be offset against eligible listed-security gains and dividends. If offsets do not use up a loss in the year, you can carry it forward for up to three years to offset future gains — but only if you file the required tax returns for each relevant year. This loss relief is a real advantage of taxable investing.","Crucially, this does not apply inside NISA: a loss realised in NISA gives no deduction and cannot offset taxable gains or be carried forward. So you cannot tax-loss harvest in NISA, and loss-sensitive strategies belong in a taxable account."],"ja":["課税口座の対象の上場証券の損失は、対象の上場証券の利益・配当と通算できます。その年に通算しきれない損失は、将来の利益と相殺するため最大3年繰り越せます——ただし各年に必要な確定申告をした場合に限ります。この損失救済は課税投資の実質的な利点です。","重要な点として、これはNISA内には適用されません。NISAで実現した損失は控除にならず、課税利益との通算も繰越もできません。よってNISAで損失を活かした節税はできず、損失を活かす戦略は課税口座に向きます。"]}},{"id":"multi","heading":{"en":"Multiple brokers and records","ja":"複数の証券会社と記録"},"body":{"en":["If you use more than one broker, offsetting gains at one against losses at another generally requires filing a return that brings the figures together — the brokers do not net across each other automatically. The same applies to combining a withholding account with foreign or general-account results.","Keep your own records: annual transaction reports, acquisition-cost details, and dividend statements, retained independently of any single broker. These matter especially for general accounts, foreign accounts, departure from Japan, inheritance, and any home-country reporting. Do not assume a broker statement will remain accessible forever."],"ja":["複数の証券会社を使う場合、一方の利益を他方の損失と相殺するには、通常、数字をまとめる確定申告が必要です——証券会社同士が自動で相殺することはありません。源泉徴収口座を外国や一般口座の結果と合わせる場合も同様です。","自分で記録を残します。年間取引報告書・取得価額の詳細・配当明細を、単一の証券会社に依存せず保管します。特に一般口座・外国口座・出国・相続・母国での報告で重要です。証券会社の明細が永久にアクセス可能と決めつけないでください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Taxable-account investors","People with losses to offset or carry forward"],"ja":["課税口座の投資家","通算・繰越する損失がある人"]},"notFor":{"en":["NISA-only investors","Anyone needing individual tax advice"],"ja":["NISAのみの投資家","個別の税務助言が必要な人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Carryforward requires filing each year; rules depend on your facts. Confirm with the NTA or a professional."],"ja":["繰越は毎年の申告が必要で、規則は個別事情に依存します。国税庁または専門家に確認してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["nta-share-transfer","nta-loss-carryforward","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["taxes-on-investments-japan","nisa-vs-taxable-account","investment-records-and-statements","specified-vs-general-accounts"]},{"slug":"taxes-on-dividends","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Taxes on dividends and fund distributions","ja":"配当・分配金の税金"},"summary":{"en":"Japanese dividends, ordinary vs special fund distributions, withholding accounts, NISA treatment, and foreign dividends.","ja":"日本の配当、投信の普通分配金と特別分配金、源泉徴収口座、NISAの扱い、外国配当。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Japanese listed dividends and fund ordinary distributions are generally taxed at 20.315% outside NISA; a return-of-capital \"special\" distribution is not taxable, NISA can exempt qualifying payments (dividends need the proportional allocation method), and foreign dividends can retain source-country withholding.","ja":"日本の上場配当と投信の普通分配金はNISA外では通常20.315%課税されます。元本払戻しの特別分配金は非課税で、NISAは対象の支払いを非課税にでき（配当は株式数比例配分方式が必要）、外国配当は源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Japanese listed dividends and fund ordinary distributions are generally taxed at 20.315% outside NISA.","A special (return-of-capital) distribution is a repayment of basis, not taxable income.","A withholding account settles dividend tax at source in many cases.","In NISA, share/ETF/REIT dividends need the proportional allocation method to be tax-free.","Foreign dividends can face source-country withholding even inside NISA."],"ja":["日本の上場配当と投信の普通分配金は、NISA外では通常20.315%課税。","特別分配金（元本払戻金）は元本の返戻で、課税所得ではありません。","源泉徴収口座は、多くの場合、配当の税を源泉で精算します。","NISAでは、株式・ETF・REITの配当は株式数比例配分方式で非課税に。","外国配当はNISA内でも源泉地国の課税があり得ます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"japanese","heading":{"en":"Japanese dividends and distributions","ja":"日本の配当・分配金"},"body":{"en":["Dividends on Japanese listed shares and ordinary distributions from investment trusts are generally taxed at 20.315% outside NISA. In a specified account with withholding, the tax is often settled at source, so a return may be unnecessary for those payments. There are elective methods for declaring dividends on a return that can change the outcome depending on your situation, which is where individual advice helps.","Distinguish an ordinary distribution from a special distribution (元本払戻金): a special distribution is a return of your own invested capital, not income, so it is not taxable in the first place. This matters for high-distribution funds, where a headline payout may partly be your money returned rather than a true gain."],"ja":["日本の上場株式の配当と投信の普通分配金は、NISA外では通常20.315%課税されます。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）では源泉で精算されることが多く、その支払いは申告不要のことがあります。配当を申告する方式には選択肢があり、状況により結果が変わるため、個別助言が役立ちます。","普通分配金と特別分配金（元本払戻金）を区別します。特別分配金は自分の投資元本の返戻で所得ではないため、そもそも課税されません。高分配型の投信で重要で、表面上の分配の一部が、真の利益ではなく自分の元本の返戻であり得ます。"]}},{"id":"nisa","heading":{"en":"NISA treatment","ja":"NISAの扱い"},"body":{"en":["NISA can exempt qualifying dividends and distributions from Japanese tax, but the mechanics differ by security. For listed shares, ETFs, and REITs, you must select the proportional allocation method (株式数比例配分方式) so the dividend is paid into your brokerage account; receiving it by bank or warrant can trigger 20.315% withholding despite NISA, and a later return cannot fix it.","Ordinary distributions from investment trusts held in NISA are exempt without that separate election, because the payment flows through the fund and account structure. Set your dividend receipt method correctly before any payment date."],"ja":["NISAは対象の配当・分配金を日本の課税から外せますが、仕組みは証券により異なります。上場株式・ETF・REITは、株式数比例配分方式を選び、配当を証券口座で受け取る必要があります。銀行や配当金領収証での受取はNISAでも20.315%源泉徴収を招き、後の申告では直せません。","NISAで保有する投信の普通分配金は、その別途の選択なしに非課税です。支払いがファンドと口座の構造を通るためです。どの支払日より前にも、配当の受取方法を正しく設定します。"]}},{"id":"foreign","heading":{"en":"Foreign dividends","ja":"外国配当"},"body":{"en":["Foreign dividends add source-country withholding. A US dividend, for example, can be withheld at source even when the shares are in NISA — NISA removes only the Japanese tax. Outside NISA, foreign dividends face both potential source withholding and Japanese tax, with foreign-tax-credit relief available through a Japanese return to reduce double taxation.","Because NISA leaves no Japanese tax on that income, recovering foreign withholding through a credit can be limited, so model the after-withholding yield for foreign dividend holdings. US taxpayers face separate US reporting on the same income regardless of Japanese treatment."],"ja":["外国配当は源泉地国の課税を加えます。例えば米国配当は、株式がNISAにあっても源泉で徴収され得ます——NISAが消すのは日本の税だけです。NISA外では、外国配当は源泉徴収の可能性と日本の税の両方に直面し、日本での申告により外国税額控除で二重課税を軽減できます。","NISAはその所得に日本の税を残さないため、外国税額控除での回収が限られることがあり、外国配当の保有は源泉徴収後の利回りで試算します。米国納税者は、日本での扱いに関わらず同じ所得に米国での別途報告があります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Dividend and distribution investors","People with foreign dividend income"],"ja":["配当・分配金の投資家","外国配当がある人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Pure accumulation-fund investors","US taxpayers before review"],"ja":["資産形成型投信のみの投資家","確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Dividend election methods and foreign-tax rules depend on your facts; get advice for material amounts."],"ja":["配当の申告方式や外国税の規則は個別事情に依存します。多額なら助言を受けてください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-us-citizen"],"sources":["nta-listed-dividends","jsda-nisa","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["nisa-dividends","taxes-on-investments-japan","high-dividend-investing","foreign-investment-income-tax"]},{"slug":"foreign-investment-income-tax","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Foreign investment income and tax","ja":"外国投資所得と税金"},"summary":{"en":"Foreign dividends and gains, source-country withholding, foreign tax credits, FX conversion, and foreign brokerage accounts.","ja":"外国配当・利益、源泉地国の課税、外国税額控除、為替換算、海外証券口座。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"As a Japan resident, your foreign investment income is generally subject to Japanese tax outside NISA and may also face source-country withholding; foreign tax credits can relieve some double taxation through a Japanese return, and you must convert and record everything in yen.","ja":"日本の居住者として、外国投資所得はNISA外では通常日本の課税対象で、源泉地国の課税もあり得ます。外国税額控除は日本での申告により二重課税の一部を軽減でき、すべてを円換算し記録する必要があります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Japan taxes residents on worldwide income, so foreign gains/dividends are generally taxable outside NISA.","Foreign dividends can also be withheld in the source country (e.g. US withholding).","Foreign tax credits can reduce double taxation, but generally require filing a Japanese return.","Convert foreign amounts to yen using appropriate rates and keep the records.","Foreign brokerage accounts add filing, remittance, estate, and protection complexity."],"ja":["日本は居住者に全世界所得課税するため、外国の利益・配当はNISA外では通常課税されます。","外国配当は源泉地国でも徴収され得ます（例：米国の源泉徴収）。","外国税額控除で二重課税を軽減できますが、通常は日本での申告が必要です。","外国の金額は適切なレートで円換算し、記録を残します。","海外証券口座は、申告・送金・遺産・保護の複雑さを加えます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"worldwide","heading":{"en":"Worldwide income and withholding","ja":"全世界所得と源泉徴収"},"body":{"en":["Japan taxes its residents on worldwide income. So outside NISA, your foreign dividends and capital gains are generally subject to Japanese tax just like domestic ones, at the applicable rates. On top of that, many countries withhold tax at source on dividends paid to foreign investors — US dividends, for instance, commonly carry US withholding.","The result can be double taxation: the source country withholds, and Japan taxes the same income. NISA removes the Japanese layer for qualifying holdings but never the foreign one, so foreign-source withholding can remain even inside NISA."],"ja":["日本は居住者に全世界所得課税します。よってNISA外では、外国の配当・譲渡益も国内同様に日本の課税対象で、所定の税率が適用されます。加えて、多くの国は外国投資家への配当に源泉で課税します——例えば米国配当は米国の源泉徴収を伴うのが一般的です。","結果として二重課税が起こり得ます。源泉地国が徴収し、日本が同じ所得に課税します。NISAは対象の保有について日本の層を外しますが外国の層は外さず、NISA内でも外国源泉徴収は残り得ます。"]}},{"id":"credits-fx","heading":{"en":"Foreign tax credits and FX","ja":"外国税額控除と為替"},"body":{"en":["To relieve double taxation, Japan’s foreign tax credit system can let you credit some foreign tax paid against your Japanese tax — but this generally requires filing a Japanese return and meeting the conditions. Because NISA leaves no Japanese tax on qualifying income, a credit may not recover foreign withholding on NISA holdings, which is a reason to model after-withholding results.","Everything must be converted to yen. Use appropriate exchange rates for income and for acquisition/disposal, and keep records of the amounts and rates. FX conversion also affects your gain calculation on foreign-currency securities, since both the asset price and the exchange rate move."],"ja":["二重課税を軽減するため、日本の外国税額控除は、支払った外国税の一部を日本の税から控除できる場合があります——ただし通常は日本での申告と要件充足が必要です。NISAは対象所得に日本の税を残さないため、NISA保有の外国源泉徴収を控除で回収できないことがあり、源泉徴収後の結果で試算する理由になります。","すべて円換算が必要です。所得と取得・処分に適切な為替レートを使い、金額とレートの記録を残します。為替換算は外貨建て証券の利益計算にも影響します。資産価格と為替の両方が動くためです。"]}},{"id":"foreign-broker","heading":{"en":"Foreign brokerage accounts","ja":"海外証券口座"},"body":{"en":["Holding assets at a foreign brokerage is legal for a resident but adds complexity: Japanese tax still applies to your worldwide income, and you take on Japanese filing, remittance procedures, cross-border estate exposure, and different (or weaker) regulatory and investor-protection frameworks. A foreign account is not a way to avoid Japanese tax.","These situations are fact-specific and can involve treaty provisions, reporting obligations, and estate-tax exposure on foreign-situated assets. Where foreign income or accounts are material, get individual cross-border tax advice rather than relying on general guidance."],"ja":["居住者が海外の証券会社で資産を持つのは合法ですが、複雑さが増します。日本の税は全世界所得に適用され続け、日本での申告・送金手続・越境の遺産税露出・異なる（または弱い）規制・投資者保護の枠組みを負います。海外口座は日本の税を回避する手段ではありません。","これらは個別性が高く、租税条約・報告義務・外国所在資産の遺産税露出が絡み得ます。外国所得や口座が重要な場合、一般的な案内に頼らず、個別の越境税務助言を受けてください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents with foreign dividends or gains","People using foreign brokerages"],"ja":["外国配当・利益がある居住者","海外証券会社を使う人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Domestic-only NISA investors","Anyone needing individual advice (get a professional)"],"ja":["国内NISAのみの投資家","個別助言が必要な人（専門家へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Cross-border tax is fact-specific and treaty-dependent; consult a qualified tax professional."],"ja":["越境税務は個別事情と条約に依存します。資格ある税理士に相談してください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-us-citizen"],"sources":["nta-individual","nta-listed-dividends","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["taxes-on-dividends","us-taxpayers-investing-japan","us-stocks-from-japan","investment-records-and-statements"]},{"slug":"investment-records-and-statements","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Investment records and annual statements","ja":"投資の記録と年間報告書"},"summary":{"en":"Annual transaction reports, acquisition-cost records, dividend statements, what to download before leaving a broker, and retention.","ja":"年間取引報告書、取得価額の記録、配当明細、証券会社を離れる前に取得すべき書類、保管。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Keep annual transaction reports, acquisition-cost records, and dividend statements independently of any single broker — you need them for filing, loss carryforward, departure, inheritance, and home-country reporting.","ja":"年間取引報告書・取得価額の記録・配当明細を、単一の証券会社に依存せず保管します。申告・損失繰越・出国・相続・母国での報告に必要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The annual transaction report summarises your year’s trades for tax filing.","Acquisition-cost records set your taxable gain — essential for general and foreign accounts.","Dividend statements document income and any withholding.","Download key documents before you leave or close a broker.","Retain records independently; do not assume broker access lasts forever."],"ja":["年間取引報告書は、税務申告のため1年の取引をまとめます。","取得価額の記録が課税所得を決めます——一般・外国口座で不可欠です。","配当明細は所得と源泉徴収を記録します。","証券会社を離れる・解約する前に、重要書類を取得します。","記録は独立して保管——証券会社のアクセスが永続すると考えないこと。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what","heading":{"en":"What to keep","ja":"何を残すか"},"body":{"en":["Three records matter most. The annual transaction report (年間取引報告書) summarises your year’s realised trades and is the basis for tax filing in a specified-without-withholding or general account. Acquisition-cost records establish the cost basis that determines your taxable gain — critical for general accounts, foreign accounts, and any manual calculation. Dividend statements document income received and any tax withheld.","For foreign-currency holdings, also record the exchange rates used, since both the asset price and the FX rate affect your yen gain. These records support offsets, loss carryforward, and any foreign tax credit."],"ja":["最も重要な3つの記録があります。年間取引報告書は、その年の実現取引をまとめ、特定・源泉徴収なしや一般口座での税務申告の基礎になります。取得価額の記録は、課税所得を決める原価を確定します——一般口座・外国口座・手計算で不可欠です。配当明細は、受け取った所得と源泉徴収された税を記録します。","外貨建ての保有では、使った為替レートも記録します。資産価格と為替の両方が円ベースの利益に影響するためです。これらの記録は、通算・損失繰越・外国税額控除を支えます。"]}},{"id":"before-leaving","heading":{"en":"Before leaving a broker","ja":"証券会社を離れる前に"},"body":{"en":["Download key documents before you close an account, change brokers, or leave Japan. Once an account is closed or you become non-resident, access to historical statements can become difficult, and you may still need them years later for a tax authority, an inheritance, or home-country reporting. Save annual reports, acquisition-cost detail, dividend statements, and confirmation of holdings.","When changing your NISA institution, remember that existing holdings usually stay at the old broker in that NISA relationship, so keep the old broker’s records too. When leaving Japan, get the broker’s written departure procedure and download everything first."],"ja":["口座解約・証券会社の変更・出国の前に、重要書類を取得します。口座を閉じる・非居住者になると、過去の明細へのアクセスが困難になり得て、数年後に税務当局・相続・母国の報告のためになお必要になり得ます。年間報告書・取得価額の詳細・配当明細・保有の確認を保存します。","NISA金融機関を変更する際は、既存保有が通常そのNISA関係のまま旧証券会社に残る点を思い出し、旧社の記録も保管します。出国時は、各社の出国手続を書面で入手し、まずすべてを取得します。"]}},{"id":"retention","heading":{"en":"A retention process","ja":"保管の手順"},"body":{"en":["Do not rely on a broker keeping your records available indefinitely — statements can be purged, interfaces change, and access ends when an account closes. Build a simple habit: each year, download the annual report and statements to your own storage, keep a running record of acquisition costs, and back it up.","For cross-border situations, keep records in a form usable by both Japanese and home-country tax preparers, including yen and, where relevant, foreign-currency figures. Good records turn a stressful filing, departure, or inheritance into a routine one."],"ja":["証券会社が記録を無期限に利用可能に保つと当てにしないでください。明細は削除され得て、画面は変わり、口座解約でアクセスが終わります。簡単な習慣を作ります。毎年、年間報告書と明細を自分の保管先に取得し、取得価額の記録を継続し、バックアップします。","越境の状況では、日本と母国の両方の税務作成者が使える形——円と、必要に応じて外貨の数値——で記録を保ちます。良い記録は、ストレスの多い申告・出国・相続を、日常的なものに変えます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["All taxable-account investors","People changing brokers or leaving Japan"],"ja":["すべての課税口座の投資家","証券会社の変更・出国をする人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers wanting filing instructions (see NTA)","Anyone needing individual advice"],"ja":["申告手順を求める読者（国税庁参照）","個別助言が必要な人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Broker access to old statements can end; keep your own copies before closing or leaving."],"ja":["旧明細への証券会社のアクセスは終わり得ます。解約・出国前に自分の控えを残してください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-leaving-japan"],"sources":["nta-individual","nta-tokutei-account","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["capital-gains-and-losses","taxes-on-investments-japan","moving-abroad-with-investments","foreign-investment-income-tax"]},{"slug":"cash-deposits-vs-bonds","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Savings accounts vs time deposits vs government bonds","ja":"普通預金・定期預金・国債の比較"},"summary":{"en":"Liquidity, rate certainty, deposit insurance, inflation risk, early-withdrawal rules, and emergency-fund suitability.","ja":"流動性、金利の確実性、預金保険、インフレリスク、早期引き出し、生活防衛資金への適性。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Ordinary savings give instant access, time deposits fix a rate for a term, and retail JGBs add government-backed principal — all are low-risk stores of value with low returns, and all carry inflation risk; ordinary savings suit an emergency fund.","ja":"普通預金は即時換金、定期預金は期間中の金利を固定、個人向け国債は政府保証の元本を加えます。いずれも低リスクで低リターンの価値の保管手段で、すべてインフレリスクを持ちます。生活防衛資金には普通預金が向きます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Ordinary savings: instant access, stable, very low return.","Time deposits: fixed rate for a term, with early-withdrawal restrictions.","Retail JGBs: government-backed principal, ¥10,000 minimum, redeemable after one year with a deduction.","Bank deposits are insured up to ¥10m of principal per bank; foreign-currency deposits usually are not.","All carry inflation risk — an emergency fund belongs in instantly accessible savings."],"ja":["普通預金：即時換金、安定、リターンは極小。","定期預金：期間中の金利を固定、途中解約に制限。","個人向け国債：政府保証の元本、最低1万円、1年後に控除付きで換金可。","銀行預金は1行あたり元本1,000万円まで保護。外貨預金は通常対象外。","すべてインフレリスクあり——生活防衛資金は即時換金できる預金へ。"]},"sections":[{"id":"liquidity","heading":{"en":"Liquidity and rate certainty","ja":"流動性と金利の確実性"},"body":{"en":["These three tools trade access for return in small steps. Ordinary savings give instant access with a stable balance but the lowest return. A time deposit locks your money for a term in exchange for a fixed, slightly higher rate — predictable, but with early-withdrawal restrictions or penalties. A retail JGB offers government-backed principal, a ¥10,000 minimum, and monthly issuance, redeemable after one year with a deduction of the previous two interest payments.","None of these is a growth investment. They are places to keep money safe and reasonably accessible, with the differences mostly in how quickly you can get it and how the rate is set."],"ja":["これら3つは、換金性とリターンを少しずつ交換します。普通預金は残高が安定し即時換金できますがリターンは最小です。定期預金は、固定のやや高い金利と引き換えに期間中お金を固定します——予測可能ですが途中解約に制限やペナルティがあります。個人向け国債は、政府保証の元本・最低1万円・毎月発行で、1年後に直前2回分の利子相当額を差し引いて換金できます。","いずれも成長投資ではありません。お金を安全にそこそこ換金しやすく保つ場所で、違いは主に、どれだけ早く引き出せるかと、金利がどう決まるかです。"]}},{"id":"insurance-inflation","heading":{"en":"Insurance and inflation","ja":"保険とインフレ"},"body":{"en":["Bank deposits are protected by deposit insurance up to ¥10m of principal per depositor per bank, plus accrued interest; certain non-interest settlement deposits get fuller protection, while foreign-currency deposits are generally outside ordinary coverage. Retail JGBs carry the government’s credit rather than deposit insurance. Spreading large balances across banks changes coverage.","All of these share one risk: inflation. Because their returns are low, rising prices can erode your real purchasing power even though the yen balance does not fall. That is fine for short-term and emergency money, which needs reliability more than growth, but it is why long-horizon money is usually invested rather than left entirely in cash."],"ja":["銀行預金は、1行・1預金者あたり元本1,000万円＋利息まで預金保険で保護されます。一部の無利息の決済用預金はより手厚く、外貨預金は通常対象外です。個人向け国債は、預金保険ではなく政府の信用に基づきます。大きな残高を複数行に分けると保護が変わります。","これらは1つのリスクを共有します。インフレです。リターンが低いため、円残高が減らなくても、物価上昇が実質購買力を削り得ます。確実さが成長より必要な短期・緊急の資金には問題ありませんが、だからこそ長期の資金は通常、全額を現金に置かず投資します。"]}},{"id":"emergency","heading":{"en":"Which for an emergency fund","ja":"生活防衛資金にどれが向くか"},"body":{"en":["An emergency fund needs reliability and instant access, so ordinary savings are the natural home — you must be able to reach the money the day you need it, without market risk or withdrawal penalties. A time deposit or JGB can hold money for a known future date (a planned purchase in a year or two) where you accept slightly less flexibility for a marginally better rate or government backing.","The rule is to match the tool to when you will need the money: instant-access savings for emergencies and near-term spending, time deposits or JGBs for known short-term goals, and investments only for money you will not touch for years."],"ja":["生活防衛資金は確実さと即時の換金が必要なため、普通預金が自然な置き場所です——市場リスクや解約ペナルティなしに、必要な日にお金へ到達できる必要があります。定期預金や国債は、既知の将来の日（1〜2年後の予定した購入）向けの資金に使え、やや高い金利や政府保証と引き換えに柔軟性を少し譲ります。","原則は、いつお金が必要かに手段を合わせることです。緊急と近い支出には即時換金の預金、既知の短期目標には定期預金や国債、そして数年触れない資金にのみ投資です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Savers building an emergency fund","People with short-term goals"],"ja":["生活防衛資金を作る貯蓄者","短期目標がある人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Investors seeking growth (see products hub)","Anyone needing bank-specific rates"],"ja":["成長を求める投資家（商品ハブ参照）","銀行別の金利が必要な人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Deposit-insurance limits and JGB terms have conditions; foreign-currency deposits are usually excluded."],"ja":["預金保険の上限や国債の条件には要件があります。外貨預金は通常対象外です。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["dic-deposit-insurance","mof-jgb-individual","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["saving-vs-investing","japanese-government-bonds","investment-accounts-japan-compared","investor-deposit-protection"]},{"slug":"corporate-pensions-japan","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Corporate pension plans in Japan","ja":"日本の企業年金"},"summary":{"en":"Corporate DC vs defined-benefit plans, employee contributions and matching, portability, and coordinating with NISA and iDeCo.","ja":"企業型DCと確定給付、従業員拠出とマッチング、持ち運び、NISA・iDeCoとの調整。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Corporate defined-contribution (DC) and defined-benefit (DB) plans are employer-provided retirement benefits with employer funding and plan-specific rules; check matching, the menu, and portability, and coordinate them with your NISA and iDeCo room.","ja":"企業型確定拠出（DC）と確定給付（DB）は、会社の拠出と規約ごとの規則を持つ勤務先の退職給付です。マッチング・メニュー・持ち運びを確認し、NISAやiDeCoの枠と調整します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Corporate DC: employer (and sometimes employee) contributions into an investment menu you choose from.","Defined benefit (DB): the employer promises a formula-based benefit and bears more of the risk.","Employer matching or contributions are effectively free money — do not leave it unclaimed.","Plans have portability rules when you change jobs; check before moving.","An employer plan can reduce your iDeCo contribution room — coordinate the three."],"ja":["企業型DC：会社（時に従業員）が、自分で選ぶ運用メニューに拠出。","確定給付（DB）：会社が算式に基づく給付を約束し、リスクを多く負います。","会社のマッチング・拠出は実質無料のお金——放置しないこと。","転職時の持ち運びの規則があります。移る前に確認します。","企業制度はiDeCoの拠出枠を減らし得ます——3つを調整します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"types","heading":{"en":"DC vs defined benefit","ja":"DCと確定給付"},"body":{"en":["Japanese employers may offer a corporate defined-contribution plan (企業型DC), a defined-benefit plan (確定給付企業年金), or a retirement allowance. In a corporate DC plan, the employer — and sometimes you — contributes into an account, and you choose investments from the plan’s menu; your eventual benefit depends on contributions and returns. In a defined-benefit plan, the employer promises a benefit based on a formula (such as salary and tenure) and bears more of the investment and longevity risk.","The practical difference is who bears the risk and who chooses the investments. DC gives you control and portability but market risk; DB gives predictability but less personal control."],"ja":["日本の勤務先は、企業型確定拠出（企業型DC）、確定給付企業年金、または退職金を提供し得ます。企業型DCでは、会社（時にあなた）が口座に拠出し、制度のメニューから運用を選びます。将来の給付は拠出と運用成績によります。確定給付では、会社が算式（給与・勤続など）に基づく給付を約束し、運用・長寿のリスクを多く負います。","実際の違いは、誰がリスクを負い誰が運用を選ぶかです。DCは管理性と持ち運びを与えますが市場リスクがあり、DBは予測可能性を与えますが個人の管理は少なくなります。"]}},{"id":"matching-portability","heading":{"en":"Contributions and portability","ja":"拠出と持ち運び"},"body":{"en":["Where an employer contributes or matches, that is effectively free return, and claiming it usually beats prioritising your own accounts — this is one of the few things that can reasonably come before NISA. Check the plan document for contribution rules, any matching, vesting, and the investment menu, and favour low-cost diversified options within it.","Portability matters when you change jobs: corporate DC assets can generally be moved (for example to a new employer’s plan or to iDeCo), while DB and retirement-allowance treatment is plan-specific. Confirm the rules before switching employers, and keep records of contributions and balances."],"ja":["会社が拠出・マッチングする場合、それは実質的に無料のリターンで、受け取ることは自分の口座を優先するより通常有利です——これはNISAより先に来て合理的な数少ないものの一つです。制度文書で拠出規則・マッチング・権利確定・運用メニューを確認し、その中の低コストで分散された選択肢を優先します。","転職時は持ち運びが重要です。企業型DCの資産は通常移換でき（例：新しい勤務先の制度やiDeCoへ）、確定給付・退職金の扱いは規約ごとです。転職前に規則を確認し、拠出と残高の記録を残します。"]}},{"id":"coordinate","heading":{"en":"Coordinating with NISA and iDeCo","ja":"NISA・iDeCoとの調整"},"body":{"en":["Your employer plan interacts with iDeCo: participation in a corporate DC or DB plan can reduce how much you may contribute to iDeCo, and the limits depend on your specific coverage. Check your pension category and employer-plan status before assuming an iDeCo amount, and reverify around the December 2026 rule changes.","A sensible order for many is: claim employer matching first, then use NISA for flexible tax-free growth, then iDeCo where the deduction is valuable and lock-up acceptable — all coordinated so you neither leave employer money unclaimed nor exceed iDeCo limits. Where the plan is complex, request the plan documents and, if needed, professional guidance."],"ja":["勤務先制度はiDeCoと関係します。企業型DCやDBへの加入は、iDeCoに拠出できる額を減らし得て、上限は具体的な加入状況によります。iDeCoの額を決める前に年金区分と勤務先制度の状況を確認し、2026年12月の改正前後で再確認します。","多くの人に妥当な順序は、まず会社のマッチングを受け取り、次に柔軟な非課税成長のためNISA、そして控除が有利で固定を許容できる範囲でiDeCoです——会社のお金を放置せず、iDeCoの上限も超えないよう調整します。制度が複雑なら、制度文書を取り寄せ、必要なら専門家の助言を受けます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Employees with a corporate pension","People coordinating employer plans with NISA/iDeCo"],"ja":["企業年金のある会社員","勤務先制度をNISA/iDeCoと調整する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Self-employed without an employer plan","Anyone needing plan-specific advice (ask HR)"],"ja":["勤務先制度のない自営業","制度個別の助言が必要な人（人事へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Plan rules, vesting, and portability are employer-specific; do not infer yours from a colleague’s."],"ja":["制度の規則・権利確定・持ち運びは会社ごとです。同僚から自分のものを推測しないでください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"sources":["ideco-official","jps-employees-pension","jps-pension-system"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["ideco-complete-guide","nisa-vs-ideco","investing-for-retirement","investment-accounts-japan-compared"]},{"slug":"how-stock-and-fund-orders-work","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How stock and fund orders work in Japan","ja":"日本の株式・投信の注文の仕組み"},"summary":{"en":"Market vs limit orders, mutual-fund NAV timing, trade date vs settlement, bid-ask spreads, and cancellation.","ja":"成行と指値、投信の基準価額のタイミング、約定日と受渡日、売買スプレッド、取消し。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Stock orders can be market (fast, uncertain price) or limit (set price, may not fill); mutual-fund orders execute at a later once-daily NAV, and both settle a few business days after the trade date — so the displayed price is not always what you get.","ja":"株式の注文は成行（速いが価格は不確実）か指値（価格指定だが約定しないことも）です。投信は後で算出される1日1回の基準価額で約定し、いずれも約定日の数営業日後に受渡しされます。表示価格が必ず得られるわけではありません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Market order (成行): fast execution at available prices, but the price is not guaranteed.","Limit order (指値): executes only at your price or better, but may not fill.","Mutual funds execute at a once-daily NAV calculated after the order cutoff — not the displayed price.","Trade date (約定) and settlement date (受渡) differ; cash availability follows settlement.","ETFs and stocks have a bid-ask spread; know cancellation rules before markets move."],"ja":["成行注文：利用可能な価格で速く約定するが、価格は保証されません。","指値注文：指定価格以上でのみ約定するが、約定しないことがあります。","投信は、注文締切後に算出される1日1回の基準価額で約定——表示価格ではありません。","約定日と受渡日は異なり、現金の利用可能時期は受渡しに従います。","ETF・株式には売買スプレッドがあります。相場が動く前に取消し規則を把握します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"orders","heading":{"en":"Market and limit orders","ja":"成行と指値"},"body":{"en":["For stocks and ETFs, the two basic order types trade certainty of execution against certainty of price. A market order (成行) executes promptly at whatever prices are available, so it is likely to fill but the exact price is not guaranteed — risky in a fast-moving or thin market. A limit order (指値) executes only at your specified price or better, giving you price control at the risk that it may not fill at all.","Beginners often assume the price they see is the price they will get; with a market order it may not be, especially for less liquid securities. Using limit orders for anything but the most liquid names is a simple way to avoid nasty surprises."],"ja":["株式・ETFでは、2つの基本注文が「約定の確実性」と「価格の確実性」を交換します。成行（成行）は利用可能な価格で速やかに約定するため約定しやすいですが、正確な価格は保証されません——値動きの速い・薄い市場ではリスクです。指値（指値）は指定価格以上でのみ約定し、価格を管理できる代わりに約定しないことがあります。","初心者はしばしば、見た価格で約定すると思い込みますが、成行では特に流動性の低い証券でそうならないことがあります。最も流動的な銘柄以外は指値を使うのが、嫌な驚きを避ける簡単な方法です。"]}},{"id":"nav","heading":{"en":"Fund NAV timing","ja":"投信の基準価額のタイミング"},"body":{"en":["Mutual funds work differently: they do not trade continuously at a live price. When you place a fund order, it executes at the net asset value (基準価額) calculated once per day after the order cutoff. So the price you ultimately pay is not the one displayed when you order — it is the later-calculated NAV, which can be higher or lower.","A common beginner mistake is assuming the displayed figure is guaranteed. For a ¥10,000 recurring fund purchase, this is usually fine and predictable, but understand that the executed price reflects the day’s NAV, not a real-time quote."],"ja":["投信は異なります。ライブ価格で連続的に売買されません。投信の注文を出すと、注文締切後に1日1回算出される基準価額で約定します。よって最終的に支払う価格は、注文時に表示された価格ではなく、後で算出される基準価額で、高くも安くもなり得ます。","よくある初心者の誤りは、表示された数値が保証されると思うことです。1万円の積立投信では通常問題なく予測可能ですが、約定価格はリアルタイムの気配ではなくその日の基準価額を反映すると理解します。"]}},{"id":"settlement","heading":{"en":"Settlement, spreads, and cancellation","ja":"受渡し・スプレッド・取消し"},"body":{"en":["The trade date (約定, when your order executes) and the settlement date (受渡, when cash and securities actually change hands) are not the same — settlement follows a few business days later, and your cash availability and withdrawal timing follow settlement, not the trade date. Plan around this if you need proceeds by a specific date.","Stocks and ETFs also carry a bid-ask spread (the gap between buy and sell prices) as an implicit cost, unlike a mutual fund’s single daily NAV. Finally, know the cancellation rules: once an order executes it cannot be undone, and fund orders past the cutoff execute at the next NAV. Understanding these mechanics prevents the most common execution mistakes."],"ja":["約定日（注文が成立する日）と受渡日（現金と証券が実際に移動する日）は同じではありません——受渡しは数営業日後で、現金の利用可能時期や出金のタイミングは約定日ではなく受渡しに従います。特定の日に代金が必要なら、これを見込んで計画します。","株式・ETFには、投信の1日1回の基準価額と違い、売買スプレッド（買値と売値の差）が暗黙のコストとしてあります。最後に取消し規則を把握します。約定した注文は取り消せず、締切後の投信注文は次の基準価額で約定します。これらの仕組みの理解が、最も多い執行の誤りを防ぎます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["New investors placing their first orders","People confused by fund pricing"],"ja":["初めて注文する新規投資家","投信の価格が分かりにくい人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Experienced traders","Readers wanting platform-specific steps"],"ja":["経験者","プラットフォーム別の手順を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["A market order’s price is not guaranteed, and a fund executes at a later NAV — the displayed price is not final."],"ja":["成行の価格は保証されず、投信は後の基準価額で約定します。表示価格は確定ではありません。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["how-to-start-investing-japan","index-funds-vs-etfs","portfolio-rebalancing"]},{"slug":"portfolio-rebalancing","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Portfolio rebalancing guide","ja":"ポートフォリオのリバランス"},"summary":{"en":"Why allocations drift, calendar vs threshold rebalancing, using contributions, and NISA vs taxable considerations.","ja":"配分がずれる理由、定期・乖離リバランス、拠出の活用、NISAと課税口座の考慮。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Rebalancing restores your target stock/bond weights after markets move them; the tax-efficient way is to direct new contributions toward the under-weighted asset, selling only when necessary — and preferring NISA trades or cash flows over realising taxable gains.","ja":"リバランスは、相場で動いた株式・債券の比率を目標に戻します。税効率の良い方法は、新規の拠出を過小資産へ向け、必要なときだけ売ることで、課税利益の実現よりNISA内の売買や資金の流れを優先します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Allocations drift as assets rise and fall at different rates.","Calendar rebalancing (e.g. yearly) and threshold rebalancing (e.g. ±5%) are two common rules.","Rebalancing with new contributions avoids selling and its taxes.","Outside NISA, selling to rebalance can create taxable gains; inside NISA it uses annual allowance on repurchase.","Example: rebalance a 60/40 target when equities exceed 65% or fall below 55%."],"ja":["資産が異なる速度で上下するため、配分はずれていきます。","定期リバランス（例：年1回）と乖離リバランス（例：±5%）が一般的な規則です。","新規の拠出でのリバランスは、売却とその税を避けます。","NISA外では売却で課税利益が生じ、NISA内では買い直しで年間枠を使います。","例：60/40の目標で、株式が65%超または55%未満になったらリバランス。"]},"sections":[{"id":"drift","heading":{"en":"Why allocations drift","ja":"配分がずれる理由"},"body":{"en":["You choose a target mix — say 60% equities, 40% bonds — because it matches how much risk you want. But markets move the pieces at different rates: after a strong equity run, that 60/40 might become 70/30, quietly making your portfolio riskier than you intended. After a crash it might become 50/50, more conservative than planned. Rebalancing restores the target so your risk stays where you decided.","Rebalancing is a discipline, not a return-boosting trick. Its main value is keeping risk aligned with your plan and enforcing \"sell high, buy low\" mechanically, rather than acting on emotion."],"ja":["望むリスク量に合うため、目標配分——例えば株式60%・債券40%——を選びます。しかし相場は各要素を異なる速度で動かします。株式が好調だと60/40が70/30になり、意図より静かにリスクが高まります。暴落後は50/50になり、計画より保守的になります。リバランスは目標を戻し、リスクを決めた水準に保ちます。","リバランスはリターンを高める手品ではなく規律です。主な価値は、リスクを計画に沿わせ、感情ではなく機械的に「高く売り安く買う」を実行することです。"]}},{"id":"methods","heading":{"en":"Calendar, threshold, and contributions","ja":"定期・乖離・拠出"},"body":{"en":["Two common rules exist. Calendar rebalancing checks and resets on a schedule — for example once a year. Threshold rebalancing acts only when an asset drifts beyond a band — for example rebalancing a 60/40 target when equities exceed 65% or fall below 55%. Many investors combine them: review on a calendar but only trade if a threshold is breached, to avoid needless small trades.","The most tax- and cost-efficient method is rebalancing with new contributions: direct fresh monthly money toward whichever asset is under-weighted, nudging the mix back without selling anything. For accumulating investors, this alone often keeps the allocation within band."],"ja":["一般的な規則が2つあります。定期リバランスは、例えば年1回など予定に沿って確認・調整します。乖離リバランスは、資産が帯を超えてずれたときだけ動きます——例えば60/40で株式が65%超または55%未満になったら。多くの投資家は両者を組み合わせ、予定で確認しつつ帯を超えたときだけ売買し、無用な小さな取引を避けます。","最も税・コスト効率が良いのは、新規の拠出でのリバランスです。毎月の新しい資金を過小の資産へ向け、何も売らずに比率を戻します。積立投資家には、これだけで配分が帯内に収まることがよくあります。"]}},{"id":"nisa-tax","heading":{"en":"NISA vs taxable considerations","ja":"NISAと課税口座の考慮"},"body":{"en":["Where you rebalance matters for tax. In a taxable account, selling a winner to rebalance realises a gain that is taxed at 20.315%, so prefer using new contributions, dividends, or cash flows first. Inside NISA, selling does not create Japanese tax, but the repurchase consumes annual allowance and the sold lifetime capacity only returns next year — so contributions are still usually the better tool.","A practical priority order: rebalance with new contributions where possible; then use NISA trades (no tax, but mind allowance); then, only if needed, sell in the taxable account, accepting the tax. Keep the process simple and infrequent — over-rebalancing adds cost and effort without improving results."],"ja":["どこでリバランスするかは税に影響します。課税口座では、上がった資産を売ってリバランスすると20.315%課税される利益が実現するため、まず新規の拠出・配当・資金の流れを優先します。NISA内では売却で日本の税は生じませんが、買い直しが年間枠を消費し、売った生涯枠は翌年に戻るため、やはり拠出のほうが良い手段です。","実務的な優先順位：可能なら新規の拠出でリバランス、次にNISA内の売買（無税だが枠に注意）、そして必要なときだけ課税口座で売却し税を受け入れます。手順は単純かつ低頻度に保ちます——過度なリバランスは、結果を改善せずコストと手間を増やします。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors maintaining a target allocation","People with drift after a market move"],"ja":["目標配分を維持する投資家","相場変動で配分がずれた人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Single-fund holders (a balanced fund self-rebalances)","Frequent traders"],"ja":["単一ファンド保有者（バランス型は自動）","頻繁に売買する人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Rebalancing in a taxable account can create taxable gains; prefer contributions and NISA trades first."],"ja":["課税口座のリバランスは課税利益を生み得ます。まず拠出とNISA内の売買を優先してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["portfolio-maintenance","diversification-asset-allocation","how-stock-and-fund-orders-work","balanced-funds"]},{"slug":"portfolio-maintenance","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How to maintain an investment portfolio","ja":"投資ポートフォリオの維持"},"summary":{"en":"Monthly, annual, and event-driven reviews; what should and should not trigger a change; and an annual checklist.","ja":"毎月・毎年・イベント時の見直し、戦略変更の要否、年次チェックリスト。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Maintain a portfolio with light monthly operational checks, an annual review of costs and allocation, and event-driven reviews after major life changes — letting markets move you back to target via contributions, without reacting to headlines.","ja":"毎月の軽い運用確認、コストと配分の年次見直し、大きなライフイベント時の見直しでポートフォリオを維持します。ニュースに反応せず、拠出で目標に戻します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Monitor operational alerts (contributions, security) monthly; do strategic review once or twice a year.","Life events — income, family, residency — should trigger a review; headlines should not.","Review costs, funds, brokers, beneficiaries, and tax records annually.","Rebalance toward target using contributions where possible.","Prepare for withdrawals and keep records for tax and departure."],"ja":["運用アラート（積立・セキュリティ）は毎月、戦略見直しは年1〜2回。","ライフイベント（収入・家族・在留）は見直しの契機。ニュースは違います。","毎年、コスト・投信・証券会社・受取人・税務記録を見直します。","可能な限り拠出で目標へリバランスします。","取り崩しに備え、税・出国のための記録を保ちます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"cadence","heading":{"en":"Review cadence","ja":"見直しの頻度"},"body":{"en":["Good maintenance is mostly light and infrequent. Monthly, you only need to confirm that automatic contributions ran and that your account security is sound (alerts on, no unexpected activity) — not to check performance. Once or twice a year, do a strategic review: is the allocation still near target, are costs still low, are the funds and broker still the best fit?","Event-driven reviews are the third layer: after a major change in income, family, employment, or residency, revisit whether the plan still fits. The goal is a plan you hold steadily, adjusted deliberately at sensible moments — not one you tinker with constantly."],"ja":["良い維持は、ほとんどが軽く低頻度です。毎月は、自動積立が実行されたことと、口座のセキュリティが健全なこと（アラート有効・不審な操作なし）を確認するだけで十分で、成績を見る必要はありません。年1〜2回、戦略的な見直しを行います。配分は目標近くか、コストはなお低いか、投信と証券会社はなお最適か。","イベント時の見直しが第3の層です。収入・家族・雇用・在留の大きな変化の後、計画がなお合うかを再確認します。目的は、常にいじる計画ではなく、着実に保ち、適切な時に意図的に調整する計画です。"]}},{"id":"triggers","heading":{"en":"What should and should not change strategy","ja":"戦略を変える・変えないもの"},"body":{"en":["The hardest discipline is not reacting to noise. A market fall, a scary headline, or a hot investment tip should not by itself change your strategy — if your allocation was right for your goals last month, a price move alone does not make it wrong. Reacting to headlines is the most common way investors damage long-term results.","What should trigger a change: a shift in your goals, time horizon, income stability, or risk capacity; a life event like marriage, a child, a job change, or a planned move abroad; or a genuine problem with a fund or broker (a big cost increase, a fund closure). Change the plan for changes in your life, not for changes in the market."],"ja":["最も難しい規律は、雑音に反応しないことです。相場の下落・怖いニュース・耳寄りな情報だけで戦略を変えるべきではありません——先月あなたの目標に合っていた配分は、価格が動いただけで間違いにはなりません。ニュースへの反応は、投資家が長期の結果を損なう最も多い方法です。","変更の契機になるべきもの：目標・時間軸・収入の安定・リスクキャパシティの変化、結婚・出産・転職・海外転居の予定などのライフイベント、または投信・証券会社の本当の問題（大きなコスト増、繰上償還）。市場の変化ではなく、人生の変化のために計画を変えます。"]}},{"id":"checklist","heading":{"en":"An annual checklist","ja":"年次チェックリスト"},"body":{"en":["Once a year, run a simple checklist. Confirm the allocation is within its band and rebalance with contributions if needed. Check costs — fund fees, and whether a better/cheaper fund or broker now exists. Review beneficiaries and account details. Retain the year’s transaction reports and dividend statements for tax. And if you are approaching withdrawals, check your cash buffer and decumulation plan.","For anyone with cross-border ties, add a check of foreign obligations and, if relevant, departure procedures. Keeping this to an annual routine prevents both neglect and over-tinkering, and makes tax time and any future move far smoother."],"ja":["年1回、簡単なチェックリストを実行します。配分が帯内かを確認し、必要なら拠出でリバランス。コストを確認——投信の手数料、より良い/安い投信や証券会社が今あるか。受取人と口座情報を見直します。税のため、その年の取引報告書と配当明細を保管します。取り崩しが近いなら、現金の緩衝と取崩し計画を確認します。","越境の結びつきがある人は、外国の義務と、必要なら出国手続の確認を加えます。これを年次の習慣に留めることで、放置と過度ないじりの両方を防ぎ、税の時期や将来の転居をはるかに円滑にします。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Long-term investors maintaining a portfolio","People prone to reacting to headlines"],"ja":["ポートフォリオを維持する長期投資家","ニュースに反応しがちな人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Active traders","Readers wanting security-specific calls"],"ja":["アクティブトレーダー","個別銘柄の判断を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["A market move alone is not a reason to change strategy; change for life changes, not headlines."],"ja":["相場変動だけは戦略変更の理由になりません。ニュースではなく人生の変化のために変えてください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["portfolio-rebalancing","how-to-start-investing-japan","investment-records-and-statements","investing-for-retirement"]},{"slug":"opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How foreign residents open a brokerage account","ja":"外国人居住者の証券口座開設"},"summary":{"en":"Residence card, My Number, a Japanese bank account, name matching, visa validity, and troubleshooting rejections.","ja":"在留カード、マイナンバー、日本の銀行口座、氏名の一致、在留資格、却下の対処。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A foreign resident generally needs a residence card, My Number, a Japanese bank account in the same name, and valid tax-residency declarations; applications are online or by post depending on the broker, and most rejections come from name mismatches or short document validity.","ja":"外国人居住者は通常、在留カード・マイナンバー・同一名義の日本の銀行口座・有効な税務上の居住地の申告が必要です。申込はオンラインか郵送で会社により異なり、却下の多くは氏名不一致や書類の残存有効期間の短さから生じます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Core documents: residence card, My Number, and a Japanese bank account in your name.","You declare Japanese and foreign tax residency; US persons face extra FATCA steps.","Some brokers allow full online opening; others require postal processing for foreign nationals.","Name consistency across documents is the most common make-or-break factor.","Short residence-card validity can delay or prevent opening."],"ja":["基本書類：在留カード・マイナンバー・本人名義の日本の銀行口座。","日本と外国の税務上の居住地を申告。米国人はFATCAの追加手続。","完全オンライン開設可の会社と、外国籍に郵送を要する会社があります。","書類間の氏名の一致が、最も多い成否の分かれ目です。","在留カードの残存有効期間が短いと、開設が遅れる・できないことがあります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"documents","heading":{"en":"The documents you need","ja":"必要書類"},"body":{"en":["The core requirements are a Japan-resident address; identity evidence such as a My Number Card, residence card, driver’s licence, or passport in an accepted combination; My Number evidence; and a linked Japanese bank account in your own name for funding and withdrawals. You will also make Japanese and foreign tax-residency declarations, and provide employment, insider, and source-of-funds information.","A My Number Card usually enables the fastest identity process; a residence card without a My Number Card is often accepted with additional My Number and address documents. US citizens and green-card holders complete a FATCA declaration and may face product restrictions."],"ja":["基本要件は、日本の居住地住所、本人確認書類（マイナンバーカード・在留カード・運転免許証・パスポートの認められた組み合わせ）、マイナンバー、入出金のための本人名義の日本の銀行口座との連携です。加えて、日本と外国の税務上の居住地を申告し、雇用・インサイダー・資金源の情報を提供します。","マイナンバーカードは通常、本人確認が最も速くなります。マイナンバーカードのない在留カードは、追加のマイナンバー・住所書類とともに受理されることが多いです。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者はFATCAの申告を行い、商品制限を受けることがあります。"]}},{"id":"process","heading":{"en":"Online vs postal, and visa validity","ja":"オンラインと郵送、在留資格"},"body":{"en":["How you apply varies by broker. Some firms permit fully online opening with a residence card; others require postal processing for foreign nationals, which takes longer. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui publish procedures accepting residence-card documentation, though the exact online/postal path differs. Check the current process for your nationality before choosing.","Visa and residence-card validity matter even though the tax rule is residence-based: a short remaining validity can delay or prevent opening, because the broker assesses how long you can be served. Ensure your card has reasonable time left before applying."],"ja":["申込方法は会社で異なります。在留カードで完全オンライン開設できる会社もあれば、外国籍には郵送手続を要し時間がかかる会社もあります。SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井は在留カード書類を受け付ける手続を公表していますが、オンライン/郵送の経路は異なります。選ぶ前に、自分の国籍向けの現行手続を確認します。","税法は在留基準ですが、在留資格・在留カードの有効期間は重要です。残存有効期間が短いと、どれだけの期間サービスできるかを会社が評価するため、開設が遅れる・できないことがあります。申込前にカードに十分な残り期間があることを確認します。"]}},{"id":"rejections","heading":{"en":"Troubleshooting rejections","ja":"却下の対処"},"body":{"en":["Common rejection causes are a name mismatch across documents, short document validity, an unsupported nationality or tax residence, a duplicate NISA at another institution, or a failed identity verification. Politically exposed status or a sanctioned-country connection can trigger enhanced review or rejection, and these policies are rarely published in full.","Before reapplying, fix the specific cause: align your name across the residence card, bank record, and application; renew a soon-to-expire card; resolve any duplicate NISA; and confirm the broker accepts your nationality and residence status. If a duplicate NISA is the issue, you may need transfer or abolition documents from the other institution first."],"ja":["よくある却下理由は、書類間の氏名不一致、書類の有効期間の短さ、対応外の国籍・税務上の居住地、他機関でのNISA重複、本人確認の失敗です。重要な公的地位（PEP）や制裁対象国との関係は、強化審査や却下を招き得て、これらの方針が完全に公表されることはまれです。","再申込の前に、具体的な原因を直します。在留カード・銀行記録・申込書で氏名を一致させ、期限が近いカードを更新し、NISA重複を解消し、会社が国籍・在留資格を受け入れるか確認します。NISA重複が原因なら、まず他機関からの移管・廃止書類が必要になり得ます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Foreign residents opening a first brokerage","People whose application was rejected"],"ja":["最初の証券口座を開く外国人居住者","申込が却下された人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Non-residents applying from abroad","US taxpayers before product review"],"ja":["海外から申し込む非居住者","商品確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Broker acceptance depends on visa, nationality, and tax residence; policies can be stricter than the tax rule."],"ja":["受入は在留資格・国籍・税務上の居住地によります。方針は税法より厳しいことがあります。"]},"faqs":["nisa-eligibility"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","fsa-registry","nta-individual"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["investing-as-foreign-resident","brokerage-name-matching","choosing-a-brokerage-japan","what-is-nisa"]},{"slug":"brokerage-name-matching","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Brokerage name and identity problems for foreigners","ja":"外国人の証券口座での氏名・本人確認の問題"},"summary":{"en":"Roman letters, katakana, middle names, shortened names, and matching residence-card, bank, and card records.","ja":"ローマ字、カタカナ、ミドルネーム、省略名、そして在留カード・銀行・カード記録の一致。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The most common reason foreigners fail brokerage applications is a name mismatch — Roman vs katakana, middle names, orderings, or shortened forms that differ across your residence card, bank account, and card; make them all consistent before applying.","ja":"外国人が証券申込に失敗する最も多い理由は氏名の不一致です——ローマ字とカタカナ、ミドルネーム、順序、省略形が、在留カード・銀行口座・カードで異なることです。申込前にすべて一致させます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Name mismatch is the single most common cause of failed foreign applications and bank linkage.","Roman-letter, katakana, and document orderings must be consistent everywhere.","Middle names and shortened forms often differ across records — a frequent failure point.","Your brokerage name must match the linked bank account and often your card.","Fix all records to one consistent form before applying."],"ja":["氏名不一致は、外国人の申込・銀行連携失敗の最も多い原因です。","ローマ字・カタカナ・書類上の順序を、どこでも一致させる必要があります。","ミドルネームや省略形は記録間で異なりがちで、よくある失敗点です。","証券口座の氏名は、連携する銀行口座、しばしばカードとも一致が必要です。","申込前に、すべての記録を一つの一貫した形に直します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"why","heading":{"en":"Why names cause failures","ja":"氏名が失敗を招く理由"},"body":{"en":["Japanese financial systems match identity strictly, and foreign names create edge cases the systems were not designed around. Your name may appear in Roman letters on your residence card, in katakana on a bank account, with or without a middle name, in different orderings, or in a shortened everyday form. When these do not match, an application can be rejected or the link to your funding bank account can fail.","This is not about anything being \"wrong\" with your name — it is about consistency across systems that check character-by-character. A single differing middle name or a katakana rendering that does not match can be enough to stop an application."],"ja":["日本の金融システムは本人確認を厳密に照合し、外国人の氏名は想定外の例外を生みます。氏名は、在留カードではローマ字、銀行口座ではカタカナ、ミドルネームの有無、異なる順序、日常の省略形で現れ得ます。これらが一致しないと、申込が却下されたり、入金用の銀行口座との連携が失敗したりします。","これは氏名に「間違い」があるという話ではなく、1文字ずつ照合するシステム間の一貫性の問題です。ミドルネームが1つ違う、カタカナ表記が合わない、それだけで申込が止まり得ます。"]}},{"id":"records","heading":{"en":"Aligning your records","ja":"記録を一致させる"},"body":{"en":["The fix is consistency. Before applying to a broker, make your name identical across the residence card, the linked Japanese bank account, and — where card investing is involved — your credit card. Decide on one form (including whether to include middle names and how to render katakana) and use it everywhere. Where a record already differs, correct it at the source (bank or card issuer) first.","This matters most for the bank linkage: brokers require a funding bank account in the same name, so a mismatch there blocks the whole setup. Aligning records in advance turns a likely rejection into a smooth opening."],"ja":["解決は一貫性です。証券会社に申し込む前に、在留カード・連携する日本の銀行口座・（クレカ積立が絡むなら）クレジットカードで氏名を同一にします。一つの形（ミドルネームの有無、カタカナの表記を含む）を決め、どこでも使います。既に異なる記録は、まず元（銀行やカード発行会社）で修正します。","最も重要なのは銀行連携です。証券会社は同一名義の入金用銀行口座を求めるため、そこでの不一致は設定全体を止めます。事前に記録を一致させることで、却下されそうな申込を円滑な開設に変えます。"]}},{"id":"checklist","heading":{"en":"A preparation checklist","ja":"準備チェックリスト"},"body":{"en":["Before applying, run a quick check. Confirm the exact spelling and ordering on your residence card. Confirm your bank account name (including katakana) matches it. Confirm any card you will use for investing matches too. Note whether middle names appear, and keep the same choice everywhere. Ensure your residence card has enough remaining validity.","If you find a mismatch, correct it before applying rather than hoping the broker will overlook it. A little preparation here avoids the most common and frustrating cause of application failure for foreigners."],"ja":["申込前に、簡単に確認します。在留カードの正確なつづりと順序を確認。銀行口座の氏名（カタカナを含む）が一致するか確認。投資に使うカードも一致するか確認。ミドルネームの有無を記録し、どこでも同じ選択を保ちます。在留カードの残存有効期間が十分か確認します。","不一致を見つけたら、会社が見逃すことを期待せず、申込前に修正します。ここでの少しの準備が、外国人の申込失敗の最も多く厄介な原因を避けます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Foreigners preparing a brokerage application","People whose bank linkage failed"],"ja":["証券申込を準備する外国人","銀行連携が失敗した人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Japanese nationals with consistent records","Readers wanting broker-specific forms"],"ja":["記録が一貫した日本国籍の人","会社別の書式を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["A funding bank account in a mismatched name blocks setup; align all records before applying."],"ja":["名義が一致しない入金用銀行口座は設定を止めます。申込前にすべての記録を一致させてください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-eligibility"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","fsa-registry"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","investing-as-foreign-resident","choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},{"slug":"moving-abroad-with-investments","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Moving abroad with Japanese investments","ja":"日本の投資を持って海外へ移る"},"summary":{"en":"What happens to NISA and taxable accounts, broker restrictions, remitting proceeds, exit tax, and a pre-departure checklist.","ja":"NISA・課税口座の扱い、証券会社の制限、売却代金の送金、出国税、出国前チェックリスト。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"When you leave Japan, NISA generally cannot continue except in specific qualifying temporary cases, taxable accounts may or may not be maintained depending on the broker and destination, and a separate exit tax can apply to large financial-asset holders — notify your broker and download records before departure.","ja":"出国時、NISAは特定の適格な一時的ケースを除き原則継続できず、課税口座は会社と渡航先により維持可否が分かれ、大きな金融資産の保有者には別途出国税があり得ます。出国前に証券会社へ届け出て記録を取得します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["NISA generally closes on becoming non-resident, except a qualifying temporary-departure continuation filed in advance.","No new NISA purchases are allowed while abroad; the continuation lasts up to a five-year window.","Taxable accounts may be maintained or restricted depending on broker and destination country.","A separate exit tax can apply to departing residents with large specified financial assets.","Notify the broker before leaving, download all records, and plan remittance and home-country tax."],"ja":["NISAは非居住者になると原則廃止。事前申告した適格な一時出国の継続を除きます。","海外では新規のNISA買付は不可。継続は最長5年の期間です。","課税口座は、会社と渡航先により維持または制限されます。","大きな特定金融資産を持つ出国者には、別途出国税があり得ます。","出国前に会社へ届け出て、全記録を取得し、送金と母国の税を計画します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"nisa","heading":{"en":"What happens to NISA","ja":"NISAの扱い"},"body":{"en":["NISA is a residents’ benefit, so it generally cannot continue after you become non-resident. There is one exception: a person temporarily leaving for an unavoidable reason (such as a work transfer) may, if the broker offers the procedure and a continuation notice is filed before departure, keep tax treatment on existing holdings — but no new purchases are allowed while abroad, the institution cannot be changed during continuation, and a return notice must be filed by the end of the year containing the fifth anniversary, or the NISA is abolished and holdings move to a general account.","For other departures, or when continuation is not requested, NISA is generally closed and holdings transfer to a taxable account, subject to the broker being able to maintain that account for a non-resident."],"ja":["NISAは居住者向けの制度のため、非居住者になると原則継続できません。例外が一つあります。やむを得ない理由（転勤など）で一時的に離れる人は、会社が手続を提供し出国前に継続届を出せば、既存保有の非課税扱いを保てます——ただし海外では新規買付不可、継続中は金融機関を変更できず、5周年を含む年の年末までに帰国届を出さないとNISAは廃止され保有は一般口座へ移ります。","その他の出国、または継続を申請しない場合、NISAは原則廃止され、保有は課税口座へ移ります。会社が非居住者向けにその口座を維持できることが前提です。"]}},{"id":"taxable-exit","heading":{"en":"Taxable accounts and exit tax","ja":"課税口座と出国税"},"body":{"en":["Taxable accounts vary. Whether your specified or general account can remain open after you leave depends on the broker, the destination country, and the products held — some brokers cannot serve residents of certain countries. Failure to notify the broker of your departure can lead to retroactive taxation and account restrictions, so tell them before you go.","Separately, a Japanese exit-tax regime can apply to certain departing residents holding at least ¥100 million in specified financial assets with sufficient prior residence history. This is not a routine rule and is fact-specific — if it might apply to you, get professional advice well before departure."],"ja":["課税口座は様々です。特定・一般口座が出国後も維持できるかは、会社・渡航先・保有商品によります——一部の会社は特定の国の居住者にサービスできません。出国を会社に届け出ないと、遡及課税や口座制限を招き得るため、出発前に伝えます。","別途、日本の出国税制度が、一定の在留歴があり特定金融資産を1億円以上持つ一部の出国者に適用され得ます。これは通常のルールではなく個別性が高く——該当し得るなら、出発の十分前に専門家の助言を受けてください。"]}},{"id":"checklist","heading":{"en":"Pre-departure checklist","ja":"出国前チェックリスト"},"body":{"en":["Plan the exit before you go. Contact each broker and bank to understand their non-resident policy and get the written departure procedure. Decide, with tax input where holdings are material, whether to keep or sell — do not sell automatically, but compare tax, market, transfer, and continuity consequences. Download all records: annual reports, acquisition costs, dividend statements, and holdings confirmations, which you may need years later.","Also plan remittance of any proceeds (subject to bank, anti-money-laundering, and tax procedures), update contact details, and understand both Japanese post-departure obligations and your destination country’s tax rules. Where holdings are significant or the situation is cross-border, get individual advice."],"ja":["出発前に出国を計画します。各証券会社・銀行に連絡し、非居住者方針を理解し、出国手続を書面で入手します。保有が重要なら税務の助言を得て、保有か売却かを決めます——自動的に売らず、税・市場・移管・継続の影響を比較します。全記録を取得します。年間報告書・取得価額・配当明細・保有確認は、数年後に必要になり得ます。","売却代金の送金（銀行・マネロン対策・税の手続に従う）も計画し、連絡先を更新し、日本の出国後の義務と渡航先の税制の両方を理解します。保有が大きい・越境の状況なら、個別助言を受けます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents planning to leave Japan","People with NISA or taxable holdings to unwind"],"ja":["出国を計画する居住者","解消するNISA・課税保有がある人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Settled long-term residents","Anyone needing individual tax advice (get a professional)"],"ja":["定住の長期居住者","個別の税務助言が必要な人（専門家へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Failing to notify your broker can cause retroactive tax and restrictions; exit tax and cross-border rules need professional advice."],"ja":["会社への未届は遡及課税や制限を招き得ます。出国税や越境の規則は専門家の助言が必要です。"]},"faqs":["nisa-leaving-japan"],"sources":["jsda-nisa","fsa-nisa","nta-individual"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["temporary-residents-investing","investing-as-foreign-resident","nisa-when-not-first","investment-records-and-statements"]},{"slug":"nisa-for-us-citizens","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"NISA for US citizens","ja":"米国市民のためのNISA"},"summary":{"en":"The Japanese tax benefit, the lack of automatic US exemption, fund-selection complications, broker restrictions, and reporting.","ja":"日本の税優遇、米国での自動非課税の不在、投信選びの複雑さ、証券会社の制限、報告。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A US citizen resident in Japan can open NISA and it removes Japanese tax, but it gives no US exemption; the fund you hold inside can create PFIC and reporting problems, so NISA can still have value only after a careful, product-specific US analysis.","ja":"在日の米国市民はNISAを開設でき日本の税は消えますが、米国での非課税にはなりません。中に持つ投信がPFICや報告の問題を生み得るため、NISAが価値を持つのは、商品ごとの慎重な米国側の分析の後だけです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["NISA removes Japanese tax but is not a US exemption — the US taxes worldwide income.","The fund you hold inside NISA determines your US complications, not the wrapper itself.","Japanese mutual funds inside NISA can be PFICs, creating Form 8621 obligations.","Some brokers restrict US persons from foreign-stock trading; policies differ.","NISA can still have value depending on holdings — but only after cross-border review."],"ja":["NISAは日本の税を消すが米国の非課税ではありません——米国は全世界所得課税。","米国側の複雑さは、入れ物ではなくNISA内に持つ投信で決まります。","NISA内の日本の投信はPFICになり得て、Form 8621の義務を生みます。","一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を制限します。方針は異なります。","NISAは保有次第でなお価値があり得ます——ただし越境確認の後だけ。"]},"sections":[{"id":"benefit","heading":{"en":"The Japanese benefit, not a US one","ja":"日本の恩恵で、米国のものではない"},"body":{"en":["A US citizen or green-card holder who is a Japan resident can generally open NISA — eligibility is residence-based. Inside Japan, NISA works normally, removing Japanese tax on qualifying gains and dividends. The critical point is that NISA is a provision of Japanese law, not the US Internal Revenue Code, so it gives no US exemption: the US taxes citizens on worldwide income, and NISA income can still be US-reportable and taxable.","So a US person gets the Japanese benefit but keeps full US obligations. Whether NISA is worthwhile depends heavily on what you hold inside it and how the US treats that holding."],"ja":["在日の米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は通常NISAを開設できます——資格は在留基準です。日本国内では、NISAは通常どおり機能し、対象の利益・配当への日本の税を消します。重要な点は、NISAが米国内国歳入法ではなく日本の法律の規定であり、米国での非課税を与えないことです。米国は市民に全世界所得課税し、NISA所得も米国で申告・課税対象になり得ます。","よって米国関係者は日本の恩恵を得つつ、米国の義務を完全に負います。NISAが有益かは、中に何を持ち、米国がそれをどう扱うかに大きく依存します。"]}},{"id":"funds","heading":{"en":"Fund selection is the real problem","ja":"投信選びこそ本当の問題"},"body":{"en":["The complication lives in the holdings. A Japanese-domiciled mutual fund — the standard beginner choice inside NISA — can be a PFIC for US purposes, potentially requiring a separate Form 8621 per fund and punitive taxation or complex elections. So the \"obvious\" low-cost index fund can be exactly the wrong pick for a US person without analysis. Individual eligible stocks are generally not PFICs, and US-domiciled securities avoid the PFIC issue but raise their own broker-access questions.","Some brokers also restrict US persons: Rakuten, for example, states US persons may not trade its foreign-stock products, and others impose different rules. These are commercial/regulatory policies, not a universal NISA rule."],"ja":["複雑さは保有に宿ります。日本籍の投信——NISA内の標準的な初心者の選択——は、米国上PFICになり得て、ファンドごとのForm 8621や懲罰的課税・複雑な選択を要し得ます。よって「当然の」低コストのインデックス投信が、分析のない米国関係者にはまさに誤った選択になり得ます。対象の個別株は通常PFICではなく、米国籍証券はPFIC問題を避けますが、証券会社のアクセスの問題を生みます。","一部の会社は米国人を制限します。例えば楽天は米国人が同社の外国株商品を取引できないとし、他社も異なる規則を課します。これらは商業・規制上の方針で、普遍的なNISAの規則ではありません。"]}},{"id":"value","heading":{"en":"Whether NISA still has value","ja":"NISAがなお価値を持つか"},"body":{"en":["NISA can still be worthwhile for a US person, but only after a product-specific analysis. If you hold US-domiciled securities or individual eligible stocks that avoid the PFIC problem, NISA’s removal of Japanese tax may add genuine value with manageable US reporting. If you hold Japanese mutual funds without analysis, the US PFIC burden can outweigh the Japanese benefit.","The safe sequence is to complete cross-border advice before buying anything inside NISA, covering PFIC classification, Form 8621, FBAR, Form 8938, foreign tax credits, and estate exposure. NISA is not automatically good or bad for a US person — it depends entirely on the holdings and the reporting they trigger."],"ja":["NISAは米国関係者にもなお有益であり得ますが、商品ごとの分析の後だけです。PFIC問題を避ける米国籍証券や対象の個別株を持つなら、NISAによる日本の税の除去は、管理可能な米国報告とともに真の価値を加え得ます。分析なしに日本の投信を持つと、米国のPFIC負担が日本の恩恵を上回り得ます。","安全な順序は、NISA内で何かを買う前に越境助言を済ませることで、PFIC分類・Form 8621・FBAR・Form 8938・外国税額控除・遺産税の露出を扱います。NISAは米国関係者にとって自動的に良くも悪くもなく、保有と、それが生む報告に完全に依存します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["US citizens and green-card holders in Japan","US persons considering NISA"],"ja":["在日の米国市民・グリーンカード保有者","NISAを検討する米国関係者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Non-US persons (see the NISA guide)","Readers wanting a definitive answer without advice"],"ja":["米国関係者でない人（NISAガイド参照）","助言なしに確定的な答えを求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["NISA gives no US exemption; consult a US–Japan cross-border tax professional before buying inside it."],"ja":["NISAは米国の非課税を与えません。中で買う前に日米越境税務の専門家に相談してください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-us-citizen"],"sources":["irs-pfic-8621","fincen-fbar","irs-form-8938","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["us-taxpayers-investing-japan","pfic-japanese-funds","fbar-form-8938","japan-funds-vs-us-etfs"]},{"slug":"pfic-japanese-funds","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"PFIC rules and Japanese mutual funds","ja":"PFIC規則と日本の投資信託"},"summary":{"en":"What a PFIC is, why Japanese funds may qualify, Form 8621, excess-distribution concerns, and why product-specific analysis matters.","ja":"PFICとは、日本の投信が該当し得る理由、Form 8621、超過分配の懸念、商品ごとの分析が重要な理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A PFIC is a foreign passive investment company under US tax law; many Japanese mutual funds can qualify, potentially requiring a Form 8621 per fund and triggering punitive \"excess distribution\" taxation — so US persons should presume Japanese funds need analysis rather than assume they are safe.","ja":"PFICは米国税法上の外国の受動的投資会社で、多くの日本の投信が該当し得ます。ファンドごとのForm 8621を要し、懲罰的な「超過分配」課税を招き得るため、米国関係者は日本の投信を安全と決めつけず「要分析」と考えるべきです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A PFIC is a foreign corporation that is mostly passive by income or assets, under US tax rules.","Many non-US mutual funds, including Japanese ones, can be PFICs.","A US shareholder may need a separate Form 8621 for each PFIC held.","Default PFIC taxation of \"excess distributions\" is punitive; elections are complex.","Classification is fact-specific — presume analysis is needed, not that a fund is safe."],"ja":["PFICは、米国税法上、所得・資産の大半が受動的な外国法人です。","日本のものを含む多くの非米国投信がPFICになり得ます。","米国株主は、保有するPFICごとにForm 8621が必要になり得ます。","「超過分配」への既定のPFIC課税は懲罰的で、選択（elections）は複雑です。","分類は個別性が高い——安全と決めつけず、要分析と考えます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what","heading":{"en":"What a PFIC is","ja":"PFICとは"},"body":{"en":["A Passive Foreign Investment Company (PFIC) is a US tax classification for a foreign corporation that is predominantly passive — either most of its income is passive (like dividends and interest) or most of its assets produce passive income. Pooled investment vehicles domiciled outside the US, such as many foreign mutual funds, frequently meet this test because their whole purpose is holding investments.","A Japanese-domiciled mutual fund can therefore be a PFIC for a US shareholder. Not every foreign investment is a PFIC — shares of an ordinary operating company generally are not — but a fund whose business is holding passive assets is a classic candidate."],"ja":["受動的外国投資会社（PFIC）は、主に受動的な外国法人——所得の大半が受動的（配当・利子など）か、資産の大半が受動的所得を生む——に対する米国税法上の分類です。多くの外国投信のような米国外に設立された集団投資ビークルは、投資の保有そのものが目的のため、この基準にしばしば該当します。","よって日本籍の投信は、米国株主にとってPFICになり得ます。すべての外国投資がPFICではなく——通常の事業会社の株式は一般に該当しません——が、受動的資産の保有を業とするファンドは典型的な候補です。"]}},{"id":"form","heading":{"en":"Form 8621 and excess distributions","ja":"Form 8621と超過分配"},"body":{"en":["Holding a PFIC brings reporting and, often, harsh taxation. A US person may need to file a separate Form 8621 for each PFIC held — so owning several Japanese funds can mean several forms. Under the default regime, \"excess distributions\" (large distributions or gains on sale) are taxed at high rates with an interest charge that effectively penalises the deferral, producing outcomes far worse than ordinary investment taxation.","There are elections (such as mark-to-market or, where available, a qualified electing fund election) that can improve the treatment, but they are complex, require specific information the fund may not readily provide, and must be handled correctly. This is specialist territory, not a do-it-yourself calculation."],"ja":["PFICの保有は報告と、しばしば厳しい課税を伴います。米国関係者は、保有するPFICごとに別々のForm 8621が必要になり得ます——複数の日本の投信を持つと複数の様式になり得ます。既定の制度では、「超過分配」（大きな分配や売却益）が高い税率と、繰延を実質的に罰する利子charge付きで課税され、通常の投資課税よりはるかに悪い結果を生みます。","扱いを改善し得る選択（時価評価や、可能な場合はQEF選択など）がありますが、複雑で、ファンドが容易に提供しない特定情報を要し、正しく処理する必要があります。これは自分で行う計算ではなく専門家の領域です。"]}},{"id":"analysis","heading":{"en":"Why product-specific analysis matters","ja":"商品ごとの分析が重要な理由"},"body":{"en":["The practical rule for a US person in Japan is to presume a Japanese mutual fund needs PFIC analysis rather than presume it is safe. A popular low-cost index fund is not exempt from these rules just because it is cheap and diversified. Even a Japan-listed ETF has no universal answer — many non-US fund vehicles warrant analysis.","Because outcomes are fact-specific and depend on the exact vehicle and elections, do not classify a product yourself from general descriptions. Before buying any Japanese pooled investment, get advice from a qualified US–Japan cross-border tax professional. Often US-domiciled ETFs or individual securities avoid the PFIC problem entirely, but whether they are available and appropriate is its own analysis."],"ja":["在日の米国関係者の実務的な原則は、日本の投信を安全と決めつけず「PFIC分析が必要」と考えることです。人気の低コストのインデックス投信も、安く分散されているというだけでこれらの規則を免れません。日本上場のETFにも一律の答えはなく——多くの非米国ファンドは分析を要します。","結果は個別性が高く、正確なビークルと選択に依存するため、一般的な説明から自分で商品を分類しないでください。日本の集団投資を買う前に、資格ある日米越境税務の専門家の助言を得ます。米国籍ETFや個別証券がPFIC問題を完全に避けることがよくありますが、入手可否と適切さは別の分析です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["US persons considering Japanese funds","People who already hold Japanese mutual funds"],"ja":["日本の投信を検討する米国関係者","既に日本の投信を持つ人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Non-US persons","Anyone wanting a product classification without advice"],"ja":["米国関係者でない人","助言なしに商品分類を求める人"]},"warnings":{"en":["PFIC outcomes are fact-specific and punitive by default; this page does not classify any product. Get professional advice."],"ja":["PFICの結論は個別性が高く既定で懲罰的です。本ページは商品を分類しません。専門家の助言を受けてください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-us-citizen"],"sources":["irs-pfic-8621","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["us-taxpayers-investing-japan","nisa-for-us-citizens","fbar-form-8938","japan-funds-vs-us-etfs"]},{"slug":"fbar-form-8938","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"FBAR and Form 8938 for Japan brokerage accounts","ja":"日本の証券口座とFBAR・Form 8938"},"summary":{"en":"Foreign financial accounts, the FBAR aggregate threshold, how Form 8938 differs, NISA/brokerage inclusion, and that filing is not the same as owing tax.","ja":"外国金融口座、FBARの合計基準、Form 8938との違い、NISA・証券口座の対象、提出は納税とは別。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A US person must file an FBAR when aggregate foreign financial accounts exceed US$10,000 at any point in the year, and separately may need Form 8938 under different thresholds; Japanese bank, brokerage, and NISA accounts can count, and filing does not by itself mean tax is due.","ja":"米国関係者は、年間のいずれかの時点で外国金融口座の合計が1万米ドルを超えるとFBARを提出し、別途、異なる基準でForm 8938が必要になり得ます。日本の銀行・証券・NISA口座が対象になり得て、提出自体は納税を意味しません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["FBAR (FinCEN Report 114) is required when aggregate foreign accounts exceed US$10,000 at any time in the year.","Japanese bank, brokerage, and NISA accounts can be reportable foreign financial accounts.","Form 8938 is a separate FATCA filing with different, generally higher, thresholds.","Filing one does not replace the other; you may need both.","Filing an information return does not by itself mean you owe tax."],"ja":["FBAR（FinCEN Report 114）は、年間のいずれかで外国口座合計が1万米ドル超のとき必要。","日本の銀行・証券・NISA口座は、報告対象の外国金融口座になり得ます。","Form 8938は別のFATCA申告で、通常より高い異なる基準です。","一方の提出は他方の代わりになりません。両方必要なことがあります。","情報申告の提出自体は、納税義務を意味しません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"fbar","heading":{"en":"FBAR basics","ja":"FBARの基本"},"body":{"en":["The FBAR (Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts, FinCEN Report 114) is an information report, separate from your income tax return. A US person must file it when the aggregate value of their foreign financial accounts exceeds US$10,000 at any point during the calendar year — note that it is the combined peak across all accounts, not per account. Japanese bank accounts, brokerage accounts, and certain fund accounts, including NISA, can be included.","Because the threshold is an aggregate and uses the highest balance during the year, it is easy to cross without realising: a few ordinary Japanese accounts can total over US$10,000 at some point. You report the maximum value of each account during the year."],"ja":["FBAR（外国銀行・金融口座報告、FinCEN Report 114）は、所得税申告とは別の情報申告です。米国関係者は、暦年のいずれかの時点で外国金融口座の合計額が1万米ドルを超えると提出しなければなりません——口座ごとではなく、全口座の合計のピークである点に注意します。日本の銀行口座・証券口座・NISAを含む一部のファンド口座が対象になり得ます。","基準が合計で、年間の最高残高を使うため、気づかず超えやすいです。いくつかの通常の日本の口座が、ある時点で合計1万米ドルを超え得ます。各口座の年間の最高額を報告します。"]}},{"id":"8938","heading":{"en":"How Form 8938 differs","ja":"Form 8938との違い"},"body":{"en":["Form 8938 (Statement of Specified Foreign Financial Assets) is a separate FATCA filing attached to your income tax return, with different definitions and thresholds — which are generally higher than FBAR’s and vary by filing status and whether you live abroad. It covers \"specified foreign financial assets,\" which can include foreign accounts and certain foreign investments.","The key point is that FBAR and Form 8938 are two different obligations: filing one does not satisfy the other, and depending on your balances you may need to file both, neither, or one. They ask overlapping but not identical questions, which is why people often file both."],"ja":["Form 8938（特定外国金融資産の報告）は、所得税申告に添付する別のFATCA申告で、定義と基準が異なり——通常FBARより高く、申告区分や海外居住かで変わります。「特定外国金融資産」を対象とし、外国口座や一部の外国投資を含み得ます。","要点は、FBARとForm 8938が2つの別々の義務であることです。一方の提出は他方を満たさず、残高により両方・どちらも不要・一方のみになり得ます。重複するが同一ではない問いを尋ねるため、両方提出することがよくあります。"]}},{"id":"not-tax","heading":{"en":"Filing is not owing tax","ja":"提出は納税ではない"},"body":{"en":["A crucial reassurance: these are information reports, not tax bills. Filing an FBAR or Form 8938 discloses that you hold foreign accounts; it does not by itself create a tax liability. Whether you owe US tax depends on your income (dividends, gains, PFIC consequences), not on the disclosure forms themselves.","That said, the penalties for failing to file these reports when required can be severe, so the reporting matters even though it is not a tax. If you are a US person with Japanese accounts, treat FBAR and Form 8938 as a compliance checklist to review each year, and get professional help to determine exactly which apply to you."],"ja":["重要な安心材料：これらは情報申告で税の請求ではありません。FBARやForm 8938の提出は外国口座の保有を開示するもので、それ自体が納税義務を生みません。米国の税を負うかは、開示様式ではなく所得（配当・利益・PFICの帰結）によります。","ただし、必要な時にこれらを提出しない場合の罰則は重いことがあるため、税ではなくても報告は重要です。日本に口座を持つ米国関係者は、FBARとForm 8938を毎年見直す確認事項として扱い、どれが該当するかは専門家の助けで正確に判断してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["US persons with Japanese accounts","People unsure whether they must report"],"ja":["日本に口座を持つ米国関係者","報告義務が不明な人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Non-US persons","Anyone needing an exact filing determination (get a professional)"],"ja":["米国関係者でない人","正確な提出判断が必要な人（専門家へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Penalties for non-filing can be severe; this is educational, not tax advice. Confirm your obligations with a professional."],"ja":["未提出の罰則は重いことがあります。これは教育情報で税務助言ではありません。義務は専門家に確認してください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-us-citizen"],"sources":["fincen-fbar","irs-form-8938","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["us-taxpayers-investing-japan","nisa-for-us-citizens","pfic-japanese-funds","japan-funds-vs-us-etfs"]},{"slug":"japan-funds-vs-us-etfs","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Japanese mutual funds vs US-domiciled ETFs for US taxpayers","ja":"米国納税者：日本の投信と米国籍ETF"},"summary":{"en":"Japanese NISA eligibility, PFIC exposure, broker restrictions, currency and trading costs, withholding, reporting, and estate considerations.","ja":"日本のNISA対象、PFICの露出、証券会社の制限、通貨・取引コスト、源泉徴収、報告、遺産の考慮。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"For US taxpayers, Japanese mutual funds are NISA-eligible but risk PFIC treatment, while US-domiciled ETFs avoid PFIC but need a broker that permits US persons and raise US estate-tax exposure — there is no universal answer, only an individual cross-border analysis.","ja":"米国納税者にとって、日本の投信はNISA対象ですがPFICの扱いのリスクがあり、米国籍ETFはPFICを避けますが米国人を認める証券会社が必要で米国遺産税の露出を高めます。普遍的な答えはなく、個別の越境分析のみです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Japanese mutual funds: NISA-eligible but likely PFIC exposure for US persons.","US-domiciled ETFs: avoid PFIC but need a broker that accepts US persons.","US-situated assets can create US estate-tax exposure, including for non-US spouses.","Currency, trading costs, and foreign withholding differ between the two routes.","There is no universal recommendation — it depends on your full cross-border situation."],"ja":["日本の投信：NISA対象だが、米国関係者にはPFICの露出が濃厚。","米国籍ETF：PFICを避けるが、米国人を受け入れる証券会社が必要。","米国所在資産は、非米国配偶者を含め米国遺産税の露出を生み得ます。","通貨・取引コスト・外国源泉徴収が2つの経路で異なります。","普遍的な推奨はなく、越境の全体状況で決まります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"tradeoff","heading":{"en":"The core trade-off","ja":"核心のトレードオフ"},"body":{"en":["For a US taxpayer in Japan, the two obvious routes pull in opposite directions. A Japanese mutual fund is NISA-eligible and simple to buy locally, but it likely carries PFIC exposure, with Form 8621 obligations and potentially punitive US taxation. A US-domiciled ETF avoids the PFIC problem — it is a US security — but you need a broker that permits US persons to hold it, and it may not fit neatly into NISA the way a Japanese fund does.","So the Japanese-tax simplicity of a domestic fund can come with US complexity, while the US-tax simplicity of a US ETF can come with access and account constraints. Neither is automatically better."],"ja":["在日の米国納税者にとって、2つの明白な経路は逆方向に引きます。日本の投信はNISA対象で現地で簡単に買えますが、Form 8621の義務と潜在的に懲罰的な米国課税を伴うPFICの露出が濃厚です。米国籍ETFはPFIC問題を避けますが——米国証券だからです——米国人が保有できる証券会社が必要で、日本の投信のようにNISAにきれいに収まらないことがあります。","よって国内投信の日本税上の簡潔さは米国側の複雑さを伴い得て、米国ETFの米国税上の簡潔さはアクセス・口座の制約を伴い得ます。どちらも自動的に優れてはいません。"]}},{"id":"costs-estate","heading":{"en":"Costs, withholding, and estate","ja":"コスト・源泉徴収・遺産"},"body":{"en":["Beyond PFIC, several practical factors differ. Currency and trading costs: a US ETF usually requires converting yen to dollars (an FX spread) and may involve US-market trading costs, while a yen-denominated Japanese fund embeds conversion. Foreign withholding applies to dividends on US securities. And crucially, US-situated assets (like US ETFs and US stocks) can create US estate-tax exposure — a significant issue that can affect even a non-US-citizen spouse who inherits them.","These factors can push the decision either way depending on amounts, your reporting capacity, and your family situation. Estate exposure in particular is easy to overlook and can be material for larger holdings."],"ja":["PFICの他に、いくつかの実務要因が異なります。通貨・取引コスト：米国ETFは通常、円をドルに両替（為替スプレッド）し米国市場の取引コストを伴い得る一方、円建ての日本の投信は両替を内包します。外国源泉徴収は米国証券の配当に適用されます。そして重要な点として、米国所在資産（米国ETFや米国株など）は米国遺産税の露出を生み得ます——相続する非米国籍の配偶者にも影響し得る重大な問題です。","これらの要因は、金額・報告の対応力・家族の状況により、判断をどちらにも押し得ます。特に遺産税の露出は見落としやすく、大きな保有では重要になり得ます。"]}},{"id":"no-answer","heading":{"en":"Why there is no universal answer","ja":"普遍的な答えがない理由"},"body":{"en":["Because the right choice depends on the interaction of PFIC rules, broker access, currency and trading costs, withholding, US and Japanese reporting, estate exposure, and your state-tax residence, there is no one-size-fits-all recommendation. The same product can be sensible for one US person and a mistake for another.","The reliable step is process, not a product pick: before buying, complete an individual cross-border review with a qualified US–Japan tax professional, and keep statements in both yen and US-dollar terms. This page frames the trade-offs; it does not tell you which to buy, because that genuinely depends on facts only your adviser can assess."],"ja":["正しい選択は、PFIC規則・証券会社のアクセス・通貨と取引コスト・源泉徴収・米国と日本の報告・遺産税の露出・州の居住地の相互作用に依存するため、万能の推奨はありません。同じ商品が、ある米国関係者には妥当で別の人には誤りになり得ます。","信頼できるのは商品選びではなく手順です。購入前に、資格ある日米税務の専門家と個別の越境確認を済ませ、明細を円と米ドルの両方で保管します。本ページはトレードオフを整理するもので、どちらを買うべきかは述べません。それは、あなたのアドバイザーだけが評価できる事実に本当に依存するためです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["US taxpayers choosing how to hold equities in Japan","People weighing NISA funds vs US ETFs"],"ja":["日本で株式の持ち方を選ぶ米国納税者","NISA投信と米国ETFを比べる人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Non-US persons","Anyone wanting a product recommendation without advice"],"ja":["米国関係者でない人","助言なしに商品推奨を求める人"]},"warnings":{"en":["US estate-tax exposure on US-situated assets is easily overlooked; complete a cross-border review before buying."],"ja":["米国所在資産の米国遺産税の露出は見落とされがちです。購入前に越境確認を済ませてください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-us-citizen"],"sources":["irs-pfic-8621","irs-form-8938","fincen-fbar","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["us-taxpayers-investing-japan","pfic-japanese-funds","nisa-for-us-citizens","fbar-form-8938"]},{"slug":"best-brokerages-japan","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Best brokerages in Japan","ja":"日本のおすすめ証券会社"},"summary":{"en":"How to judge a broker, why \"best\" depends on the customer, and leading candidates by use case under stated assumptions.","ja":"証券会社の評価軸、「最良」が顧客次第である理由、前提を置いた用途別の有力候補。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"There is no single best broker: judge on total cost, product range, tax support, language, service, and security. Under stated assumptions, SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui lead for self-directed residents, and Interactive Brokers Japan leads for verified English support.","ja":"唯一の最良はありません。総コスト・商品・税務対応・言語・サービス・安全性で評価します。前提の下では、自分で運用する居住者にはSBI・楽天・マネックス・松井、英語対応ではインタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券が先行します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["\"Best\" depends on your needs — there is no universal winner.","Judge on total cost, product range, tax-account support, language, service, and security.","SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui lead for self-directed residents making monthly purchases.","IBKR Japan leads for verified end-to-end English support and global-market access.","Weight promotional point rates low — they change and can be outweighed by card fees."],"ja":["「最良」は必要次第——普遍的な勝者はいません。","総コスト・商品・税務口座対応・言語・サービス・安全性で評価します。","毎月買付する自分で運用する居住者には、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井が先行。","一貫した英語対応と全世界アクセスでは、IBKR証券が先行します。","ポイント率は低めに評価——変わりやすくカード年会費で相殺され得ます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"method","heading":{"en":"How to judge a broker","ja":"証券会社の評価軸"},"body":{"en":["The rankings here assume an individual Japan resident who trades online, accepts electronic delivery, invests mainly through NISA and a specified account, makes monthly purchases of roughly ¥30,000–¥100,000, and values low all-in cost, product breadth, tax administration, security, and reliability. Under different assumptions — active trading, human advice, a specific ecosystem — the answer changes.","Judge on total cost (commissions, FX spreads, fund fees, transfer fees), product range, tax-account support, language, customer service, and security — not on the lowest headline commission or a temporary point rate. Promotional point rates receive low weight because they change and can be outweighed by card annual fees or spending requirements."],"ja":["ここでの順位は、オンラインで取引し電子交付を受け入れ、主にNISAと特定口座で投資し、毎月おおむね3万〜10万円を買付し、低い総コスト・商品の広さ・税務事務・安全性・信頼性を重視する個人の日本居住者を前提とします。前提が異なれば——アクティブ取引・対面助言・特定のエコシステム——答えは変わります。","総コスト（手数料・為替スプレッド・投信費用・移管手数料）・商品の広さ・税務口座対応・言語・顧客サービス・安全性で評価し、表面の最安手数料や一時的なポイント率では評価しません。ポイント率は、変わりやすくカード年会費や利用条件で相殺され得るため低めに評価します。"]}},{"id":"candidates","heading":{"en":"Leading candidates by customer type","ja":"顧客タイプ別の有力候補"},"body":{"en":["For a self-directed, Japanese-speaking beginner making monthly purchases, SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui are the natural first comparison: broad NISA fund menus, recurring purchases, low online pricing, and established infrastructure. Matsui is especially attractive for support-oriented beginners and small domestic-stock trades; Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart suits users embedded in the MUFG, au, or Ponta ecosystems.","For an English-dominant resident, Interactive Brokers Japan has the clearest verified end-to-end English website and support plus broad global-market access, though its professional interface suits investors comfortable with cross-border detail more than someone wanting the simplest Japanese fund experience."],"ja":["毎月買付する自分で運用する日本語話者の初心者には、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井が自然な最初の比較対象です。広いNISA投信メニュー・積立・低いオンライン価格・確立したインフラがあります。松井はサポート重視の初心者と少額の国内株取引に特に魅力的で、三菱UFJ eスマートはMUFG・au・Pontaのエコシステムに組み込まれた利用者に向きます。","英語中心の居住者には、インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券が、確認された一貫した英語のサイト・サポートと広い全世界アクセスを持ちます。ただしプロ向けの画面は、最も簡単な日本の投信体験を望む人より、越境の詳細に慣れた投資家に向きます。"]}},{"id":"verify","heading":{"en":"Verify before you commit","ja":"決める前に確認する"},"body":{"en":["Whatever the shortlist, verify the specific facts that matter to you before funding an account: does the broker carry the exact fund you intend, in the allowance you intend; does it accept your nationality and residence status; what are the FX and transfer costs; and what is its departure policy if you might leave Japan. Registration in the FSA operator database (and JSDA membership) confirms legal authorization but not suitability.","The other pages in this cluster narrow the choice by use case — beginners, foreign residents, English support, NISA, Japanese stocks, US stocks, mutual funds, small monthly investing, active trading, and points — each applying the same standardized dimensions."],"ja":["どの候補でも、入金前に自分に重要な具体的事実を確認します。意図するファンドを意図する枠で取り扱うか、国籍・在留資格を受け入れるか、為替・移管のコストは、そして出国し得るなら出国方針は。FSAの登録業者データベース（およびJSDA会員）の登録は、法的認可を確認しますが適合性は確認しません。","このクラスターの他のページは、用途別に選択を絞ります——初心者・外国人居住者・英語対応・NISA・日本株・米国株・投信・少額の毎月投資・アクティブ取引・ポイント——いずれも同じ標準化された軸を適用します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People choosing a first or new broker","Investors comparing shortlists"],"ja":["最初の・新しい証券会社を選ぶ人","候補を比較する投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers wanting a single universal pick","US taxpayers before product review"],"ja":["唯一の万能な選択を求める読者","商品確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Rankings depend on stated assumptions; verify current fees, products, and policies before applying."],"ja":["順位は前提に依存します。申込前に最新の手数料・商品・方針を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-registry","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["choosing-a-brokerage-japan","brokerage-fees-compared","brokers-for-beginners","brokers-english-support"]},{"slug":"brokerage-fees-compared","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Brokerage fees in Japan compared","ja":"日本の証券会社の手数料比較"},"summary":{"en":"Domestic commissions, foreign-stock commissions, FX spreads, fund costs, fractional-share spreads, and why zero commission is not zero cost.","ja":"国内手数料、外国株手数料、為替スプレッド、投信コスト、単元未満株スプレッド、そして手数料無料が無コストでない理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Compare the whole cost stack: domestic and foreign commissions, FX spreads, fund expense ratios, fractional-share spreads, and transfer fees. Several brokers charge about 0.495% (max US$22) on taxable US trades and ¥0 on covered NISA products, but \"zero commission\" never means zero cost.","ja":"コスト全体を比べます。国内・外国の手数料、為替スプレッド、信託報酬、単元未満株スプレッド、移管手数料です。複数の会社が課税の米国株に約0.495%（上限22米ドル）、対象のNISA商品に0円ですが、「手数料無料」は決して無コストではありません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Domestic online stock commissions can be ¥0 under routing/e-delivery conditions.","Taxable US-stock commission is commonly 0.495%, capped at US$22; NISA-covered US products can be ¥0.","FX spreads on yen↔foreign currency are a real, recurring cost — some advertise a zero USD/JPY spread.","Fund expense ratios, fractional-share spreads, and transfer-out fees add to the total.","Zero commission does not mean zero cost: spreads, fund fees, and withholding remain."],"ja":["国内オンライン株手数料は、経路・電子交付の条件で0円になり得ます。","課税の米国株手数料は多くが0.495%・上限22米ドル。対象のNISA米国商品は0円のことも。","円↔外貨の為替スプレッドは実在の継続コスト——ドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社も。","信託報酬・単元未満株スプレッド・移管手数料が総額に加わります。","手数料無料は無コストではありません。スプレッド・投信費用・源泉徴収は残ります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"commissions","heading":{"en":"Domestic and foreign commissions","ja":"国内・外国の手数料"},"body":{"en":["Headline commissions have fallen sharply. Several large online brokers offer ¥0 domestic online stock trades under conditions (accepting electronic delivery and any required smart-order-routing consent), and ¥0 on NISA-covered domestic and US shares and funds. For taxable US-stock trades, a common schedule is about 0.495% of the trade value, capped at roughly US$22.","Traditional full-service and branch channels cost far more — branch domestic commissions can exceed 1% with a minimum charge. So the same trade can be near-free online or over a hundred times more expensive through a branch; match the channel to your needs."],"ja":["表面手数料は大きく下がりました。複数の大手ネット証券は、条件付き（電子交付とスマート注文の同意）で国内オンライン株を0円、NISA対象の国内・米国株・投信を0円で提供します。課税の米国株では、約定代金の約0.495%・上限約22米ドルが一般的な体系です。","従来のフルサービス・店舗チャネルははるかに高く、店舗の国内手数料は最低額付きで1%を超え得ます。よって同じ取引が、オンラインではほぼ無料、店舗では100倍以上高くなり得ます。チャネルを必要に合わせます。"]}},{"id":"fx-funds","heading":{"en":"FX spreads and fund costs","ja":"為替スプレッドと投信コスト"},"body":{"en":["For foreign securities, the FX spread — the gap between the rate the broker buys and sells currency — is often a bigger cost than the commission. Some brokers advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread; others apply a per-dollar spread (for example around ¥0.20). Verify the current terms and direction, because conversion costs recur every time you buy or sell.","Fund-level costs matter more than trading fees for long-term holders: the trust fee (信託報酬), plus any underlying-fund expenses, custody, and tracking difference, compound every year. A slightly cheaper commission is irrelevant next to a fund that costs 1% more per year."],"ja":["外国証券では、為替スプレッド——会社が通貨を買う・売るレートの差——が手数料より大きなコストのことがよくあります。リアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社もあれば、1ドルあたりのスプレッド（例：約0.20円）を適用する会社もあります。両替コストは売買のたびに生じるため、現行の条件と方向を確認します。","長期保有者には、投信のコストが取引手数料より重要です。信託報酬に加え、投資対象ファンドの費用・保管・トラッキング差異が毎年複利で効きます。年1%高い投信の前では、わずかに安い手数料は無関係です。"]}},{"id":"hidden","heading":{"en":"Fractional shares, transfers, and hidden costs","ja":"単元未満株・移管・隠れコスト"},"body":{"en":["Other costs hide below the headline. Fractional or odd-lot share purchases can carry a wider spread than round lots. Transfer-out fees apply if you move securities to another broker. Bid-ask spreads on stocks and ETFs are an implicit cost. Foreign dividends carry source-country withholding. And some \"zero commission\" offers require electronic delivery or routing consent to apply.","The lesson is to compare the whole stack for your actual usage — not just the commission line. A broker with a slightly higher commission but a tighter FX spread and cheaper funds can be cheaper overall for a global investor. Add up the costs you will actually incur."],"ja":["他のコストは表面の下に隠れます。単元未満株の購入は、単元より広いスプレッドを伴い得ます。移管手数料は、証券を他社へ移すとかかります。株式・ETFの売買スプレッドは暗黙のコストです。外国配当は源泉地国の課税を伴います。そして一部の「手数料無料」は、適用に電子交付や経路の同意を要します。","教訓は、手数料の行だけでなく、実際の使い方でコスト全体を比べることです。手数料がやや高くても、為替スプレッドが狭く投信が安い会社は、全世界投資家には全体で安くなり得ます。実際に生じるコストを合計します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Cost-conscious investors comparing brokers","Global investors weighing FX costs"],"ja":["コスト重視で証券会社を比べる投資家","為替コストを検討する全世界投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers wanting one broker’s exact schedule","People who only hold one domestic fund"],"ja":["特定会社の正確な料金表を求める読者","国内投信1本のみの人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Fee schedules change frequently and have conditions; confirm current official terms before relying on them."],"ja":["料金表は頻繁に変わり条件があります。頼る前に最新の公式条件を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["sbi-fees","rakuten-fees","monex-fees","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["brokerage-account-requirements","best-brokerages-japan","us-stocks-from-japan","currency-risk-yen"]},{"slug":"brokerage-account-requirements","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Brokerage account requirements compared","ja":"証券口座の要件比較"},"summary":{"en":"My Number, residence card, tax IDs, name matching, US-person declarations, visa validity, insider declarations, and rejection causes.","ja":"マイナンバー、在留カード、納税者番号、氏名の一致、米国人申告、在留資格、インサイダー申告、却下理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Opening any Japanese brokerage account requires My Number, identity evidence, a matching Japanese bank account, and tax-residency declarations; US persons add a FATCA declaration and face product restrictions, and most rejections come from name mismatches, short document validity, or a duplicate NISA.","ja":"日本の証券口座開設には、マイナンバー・本人確認・一致する日本の銀行口座・税務上の居住地の申告が必要です。米国人はFATCA申告を加え商品制限を受け、却下の多くは氏名不一致・書類の有効期間の短さ・NISA重複から生じます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["My Number is ordinarily required for securities tax administration and NISA.","A residence card and a Japanese bank account in a matching name are core requirements.","US citizenship/green card triggers a FATCA declaration and possible product restrictions.","Short residence-card validity, insider status, and multiple tax residencies affect processing.","Common rejection causes: name mismatch, short validity, duplicate NISA, or failed verification."],"ja":["マイナンバーは通常、証券の税務事務とNISAに必要です。","在留カードと、一致する名義の日本の銀行口座が基本要件です。","米国籍・グリーンカードはFATCA申告と商品制限の可能性を生みます。","在留カードの短い有効期間・インサイダー・複数の税務上の居住地が処理に影響します。","よくある却下：氏名不一致・有効期間の短さ・NISA重複・確認失敗。"]},"sections":[{"id":"core","heading":{"en":"Core requirements","ja":"基本要件"},"body":{"en":["Every applicant needs identity evidence and My Number, which is ordinarily required for securities tax administration and NISA. A My Number Card usually gives the fastest process; a residence card or other ID without it is often accepted with additional My Number and address documents. You also need a Japanese bank account in your own name for funding, and you declare Japanese and foreign tax residency.","Beyond the basics, brokers collect employment, insider, nationality, and source-of-funds information. Corporate insiders face additional declarations and trading restrictions tied to their employer and any listed company they are connected to."],"ja":["すべての申込者に本人確認とマイナンバーが必要で、証券の税務事務とNISAに通常必須です。マイナンバーカードは通常最も速く、それのない在留カード等は追加のマイナンバー・住所書類とともに受理されることが多いです。入金のため本人名義の日本の銀行口座も必要で、日本と外国の税務上の居住地を申告します。","基本の他に、会社は雇用・インサイダー・国籍・資金源の情報を集めます。会社のインサイダーは、勤務先や関係する上場会社に紐づく追加申告と取引制限を受けます。"]}},{"id":"special","heading":{"en":"US persons, visas, and multiple residencies","ja":"米国人・在留資格・複数居住地"},"body":{"en":["Certain situations add steps. US citizenship or a green card triggers a FATCA declaration and can bring product restrictions — some brokers prohibit US persons from foreign-stock trading. Multiple tax residencies require additional tax-identification numbers and self-certification. A politically exposed person or a connection to a sanctioned country can trigger enhanced review or rejection.","Visa and residence-card validity matter even though the tax rule is residence-based: short remaining validity can delay or prevent opening. If you plan to leave Japan, confirm the non-resident continuation policy before applying, since it affects what happens to the account later."],"ja":["特定の状況は手続を増やします。米国籍やグリーンカードはFATCA申告を生み商品制限を伴い得ます——一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を禁じます。複数の税務上の居住地は、追加の納税者番号と自己証明を要します。重要な公的地位や制裁対象国との関係は、強化審査や却下を招き得ます。","税法は在留基準ですが、在留資格・在留カードの有効期間は重要で、残存が短いと開設が遅れる・できないことがあります。出国予定なら、後の口座の扱いに影響するため、申込前に非居住者継続方針を確認します。"]}},{"id":"rejections","heading":{"en":"Common rejection causes","ja":"よくある却下理由"},"body":{"en":["Most rejections trace to a few causes: a name mismatch across the residence card, bank record, and application (the single most common); short document validity; an unsupported nationality or tax residence; a duplicate NISA at another institution; or a failed identity verification. If you already have NISA elsewhere, you may need transfer or abolition documents before a new NISA opening.","The fix is preparation: align your name everywhere, renew a soon-to-expire card, resolve any duplicate NISA, and confirm the broker accepts your status. Processing time ranges from same-day provisional access to several weeks, depending on documents and tax-authority confirmation."],"ja":["却下の多くは少数の原因に帰します。在留カード・銀行記録・申込書の間の氏名不一致（最も多い）、書類の有効期間の短さ、対応外の国籍・税務上の居住地、他機関でのNISA重複、本人確認の失敗です。既に他社でNISAがあるなら、新規NISA開設の前に移管・廃止書類が必要になり得ます。","解決は準備です。氏名をどこでも一致させ、期限の近いカードを更新し、NISA重複を解消し、会社が自分の状況を受け入れるか確認します。処理時間は、書類と税務署の確認により、即日の仮アクセスから数週間まで幅があります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone preparing a brokerage application","Foreign residents and US persons"],"ja":["証券申込を準備する人","外国人居住者・米国関係者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers wanting a specific broker’s form","People already holding an account"],"ja":["特定会社の書式を求める読者","既に口座を持つ人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Requirements and acceptance vary by broker and can be stricter than the tax rule; confirm before applying."],"ja":["要件と受入は会社で異なり税法より厳しいことがあります。申込前に確認してください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-eligibility"],"sources":["fsa-registry","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","brokerage-name-matching","brokerage-fees-compared","investing-as-foreign-resident"]},{"slug":"online-vs-full-service-brokers","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Online vs full-service brokerages","ja":"ネット証券とフルサービス証券"},"summary":{"en":"Online brokers vs branch brokers: advice and human support, bonds/IPOs/inheritance, cost differences, and conflicts.","ja":"ネット証券と店舗証券：助言と対面、債券/IPO/相続、コスト差、利益相反。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Online brokers win on cost and app usability for self-directed passive investing; full-service brokers add human advice, bonds, IPO access, inheritance and wealth services, but at much higher commissions and with potential distribution conflicts.","ja":"ネット証券は、自分で運用するパッシブ投資でコストとアプリの使いやすさに優れます。フルサービスは対面助言・債券・IPO・相続・資産サービスを加えますが、手数料がはるかに高く販売の利益相反があり得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Online brokers: lowest cost, best apps, ideal for self-directed passive investing.","Full-service brokers: human advice, bonds, IPOs, inheritance, and wealth services.","Branch/comprehensive-course commissions can exceed 1% vs near-zero online.","Adviser compensation is not neutral — product distribution can create conflicts.","Many investors self-direct online and use full-service only for specific complex needs."],"ja":["ネット証券：最安コスト・最良アプリ、自分で運用するパッシブ投資に最適。","フルサービス：対面助言・債券・IPO・相続・資産サービス。","店舗・総合コースの手数料はネットのほぼ0に対し1%超になり得ます。","アドバイザーの報酬は中立でなく、商品販売が利益相反を生み得ます。","多くの投資家はネットで自分で運用し、特定の複雑なニーズにのみフルサービスを使います。"]},"sections":[{"id":"online","heading":{"en":"What online brokers do best","ja":"ネット証券の得意分野"},"body":{"en":["Online brokers (SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and others) are built for self-directed investing: low or zero commissions under conditions, strong mobile apps, easy recurring purchases, broad low-cost fund menus, and point/card integrations. For a beginner or a passive long-term investor buying a diversified index fund monthly, they are usually the cheapest and most convenient choice by a wide margin.","Their trade-off is that you make the decisions. There is guidance and education, but no human adviser managing your portfolio — which for a simple index strategy is a feature, not a gap."],"ja":["ネット証券（SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井など）は自分で運用する投資向けに作られています。条件付きの低い・無料の手数料、優れたモバイルアプリ、容易な積立、広い低コスト投信メニュー、ポイント・カード連携です。分散インデックス投信を毎月買う初心者や長期のパッシブ投資家には、通常、圧倒的に最安で最も便利な選択です。","トレードオフは、判断を自分で行うことです。案内や教育はありますが、ポートフォリオを運用する人のアドバイザーはいません——単純なインデックス戦略にはそれは欠点ではなく利点です。"]}},{"id":"full","heading":{"en":"What full-service adds","ja":"フルサービスが加えるもの"},"body":{"en":["Full-service brokers (Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, Mizuho) add human advice, physical branches, and access to bonds, IPO allocations, inheritance and estate services, and wealth management. For complex situations, high-net-worth needs, or investors who genuinely value guidance and in-person support, that service can justify the cost.","But the cost is real: branch and comprehensive-course commissions can exceed 1% on routine domestic trades, versus near-zero online, and product menus can carry higher ongoing fees. For simple passive investing, that gap is hard to justify."],"ja":["フルサービス証券（野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ）は、対面助言・店舗、そして債券・IPO配分・相続/遺産サービス・資産運用へのアクセスを加えます。複雑な状況・富裕層のニーズ・案内と対面支援を本当に重視する投資家には、そのサービスがコストを正当化し得ます。","しかしコストは現実です。店舗・総合コースの手数料は、通常の国内取引でネットのほぼ0に対し1%を超え得て、商品メニューは継続費用が高いことがあります。単純なパッシブ投資では、この差は正当化しづらいです。"]}},{"id":"conflicts","heading":{"en":"Conflicts and choosing","ja":"利益相反と選び方"},"body":{"en":["With advice comes a caution: adviser compensation is not neutral. When a firm earns more from selling certain products, recommendations can reflect distribution incentives as well as your interests. This does not make advice worthless, but it means you should demand the explicit all-in cost and a benchmark comparison for any recommendation, and scrutinise rather than accept on trust.","A common structure is to self-direct low-cost investing online and use a full-service relationship only for specific needs — a complex bond, an IPO, or estate planning — where the service genuinely adds value. Match the channel to the task rather than defaulting to one for everything."],"ja":["助言には注意が伴います。アドバイザーの報酬は中立ではありません。会社が特定商品の販売でより多く稼ぐとき、推奨は販売の誘因とあなたの利益の両方を反映し得ます。助言が無価値というわけではありませんが、どの推奨にも総コストとベンチマーク比較の明示を求め、鵜呑みにせず精査すべきです。","よくある形は、低コスト投資はネットで自分で運用し、フルサービスの関係は特定のニーズ——複雑な債券・IPO・相続計画——にのみ、サービスが本当に価値を加える場面で使うことです。すべてを一つに任せず、作業にチャネルを合わせます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People choosing between online and branch brokers","Investors weighing advice vs cost"],"ja":["ネットと店舗で迷う人","助言とコストを検討する投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers set on a specific firm","Active traders needing execution detail"],"ja":["特定会社を決めている読者","執行の詳細が必要なアクティブトレーダー"]},"warnings":{"en":["Full-service costs are much higher; adviser incentives can conflict with your interests."],"ja":["フルサービスははるかに高コストで、アドバイザーの誘因は利益と相反し得ます。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-registry","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["advised-investing-japan","best-brokerages-japan","choosing-a-brokerage-japan","robo-advisors-japan"]},{"slug":"brokers-for-beginners","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Best brokerages for beginners","ja":"初心者向けのおすすめ証券会社"},"summary":{"en":"Ease of opening, app usability, education, fund minimums, recurring investment, and support for first-time investors.","ja":"開設のしやすさ、アプリ、教育、投信最低額、積立、初めての投資家へのサポート。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Beginners are best served by brokers with easy opening, a clear app, low fund minimums (from ¥100), simple recurring purchases, and good support — Rakuten, SBI, Matsui, and Monex are the usual shortlist for a Japanese-speaking beginner.","ja":"初心者には、開設が簡単で、分かりやすいアプリ、低い投信最低額（100円から）、簡単な積立、良いサポートを持つ会社が向きます。日本語話者の初心者には楽天・SBI・松井・マネックスが定番の候補です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Prioritise easy opening, a clear app, and simple recurring purchases over advanced tools.","Low fund minimums (often ¥100) let you start small and automate.","Rakuten, SBI, Matsui, and Monex are the usual beginner shortlist.","Matsui is notable for support and small domestic-stock trades.","Onboarding is mostly Japanese-language; verify English needs separately."],"ja":["高度なツールより、開設の容易さ・分かりやすいアプリ・簡単な積立を優先。","低い投信最低額（多くは100円）で、少額から始め自動化できます。","楽天・SBI・松井・マネックスが定番の初心者候補です。","松井はサポートと少額の国内株取引で目立ちます。","開設は多くが日本語。英語の必要性は別途確認します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-matters","heading":{"en":"What matters for a beginner","ja":"初心者に重要なこと"},"body":{"en":["As a beginner, the advanced features that impress active traders barely matter. What matters is getting started and staying consistent: a straightforward account-opening process, an app you can navigate without confusion, low fund minimums so you can start small, and simple recurring purchases so investing becomes automatic. Beginner education and responsive support help you build confidence.","You do not need margin, derivatives, or fifty markets. You need to buy one diversified low-cost fund every month without friction. Choose the broker that makes that easy, not the one with the longest feature list."],"ja":["初心者には、アクティブトレーダーを感心させる高度な機能はほとんど関係ありません。重要なのは、始めて続けることです。分かりやすい開設手続、迷わず操作できるアプリ、少額から始められる低い投信最低額、そして投資を自動化する簡単な積立です。初心者向けの教育と迅速なサポートが自信を育てます。","信用取引・デリバティブ・50の市場は不要です。必要なのは、摩擦なく毎月1本の分散された低コスト投信を買うことです。機能の一覧が最も長い会社ではなく、それを簡単にする会社を選びます。"]}},{"id":"shortlist","heading":{"en":"The usual shortlist","ja":"定番の候補"},"body":{"en":["For a Japanese-speaking beginner, Rakuten, SBI, Matsui, and Monex are the natural first comparison. All offer broad NISA fund menus, ¥100 minimums, recurring purchases, and established infrastructure. Rakuten and SBI are the default low-cost choices with strong ecosystems; Matsui is particularly beginner-friendly with strong telephone support and useful small domestic-stock pricing; Monex is strong for research if you grow into it.","Ecosystem fit can break the tie: if you already use Rakuten services, Rakuten Securities integrates neatly; if you use SMBC/Olive or V Points, SBI fits; if you are in the MUFG/au/Ponta world, Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart is worth a look."],"ja":["日本語話者の初心者には、楽天・SBI・松井・マネックスが自然な最初の比較です。いずれも広いNISA投信メニュー・100円の最低額・積立・確立したインフラを提供します。楽天とSBIは強いエコシステムを持つ既定の低コスト選択、松井は電話サポートが手厚く少額の国内株価格が有用で特に初心者向け、マネックスは慣れてくると調査に強いです。","エコシステムの相性が決め手になり得ます。既に楽天のサービスを使うなら楽天証券がきれいに連携し、SMBC/OliveやVポイントを使うならSBI、MUFG/au/Pontaの世界にいるなら三菱UFJ eスマートが一見の価値があります。"]}},{"id":"start","heading":{"en":"Getting started well","ja":"良いスタートを切る"},"body":{"en":["Once you pick a broker, the beginner path is the same everywhere: open NISA, choose one diversified low-cost index fund, set up a monthly recurring purchase you can sustain, and automate it. Do not over-optimise the broker choice — the difference between the top few is small compared with actually starting and staying invested.","If English support is essential at opening or for tax documents, that is a separate consideration — most beginner-friendly brokers onboard mainly in Japanese, so check the English-support page before assuming."],"ja":["会社を選んだら、初心者の道はどこでも同じです。NISAを開き、分散された低コストのインデックス投信を1本選び、続けられる毎月の積立を設定し、自動化します。会社選びを最適化しすぎないこと——上位数社の差は、実際に始めて投資を続けることに比べれば小さいです。","開設時や税書類で英語対応が必須なら、それは別の考慮です——初心者向けの多くの会社は主に日本語で開設するため、思い込む前に英語対応のページを確認します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["First-time investors choosing a broker","People who want simplicity"],"ja":["初めて証券会社を選ぶ投資家","簡潔さを求める人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Active traders","English-only users (see English-support page)"],"ja":["アクティブトレーダー","英語のみの利用者（英語対応ページ参照）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Onboarding is mostly Japanese; verify features and current terms before applying."],"ja":["開設は多くが日本語です。申込前に機能と最新条件を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund","nisa-eligibility"],"sources":["fsa-registry","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["investing-for-beginners","best-brokerages-japan","brokers-english-support","how-to-start-investing-japan"]},{"slug":"brokers-english-support","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Best English-support brokerages","ja":"英語対応のおすすめ証券会社"},"summary":{"en":"English website, application, trading interface, tax documents, and support — and the limits of browser translation.","ja":"英語のサイト・申込・取引画面・税書類・サポート、そしてブラウザ翻訳の限界。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Among providers verified in the research, Interactive Brokers Japan has the clearest end-to-end English website and support; Japanese brokers are mainly Japanese-language, and browser translation does not make the legally controlling documents English.","ja":"調査で確認した中では、インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券が最も明確な一貫した英語のサイト・サポートを持ちます。日本の証券会社は主に日本語で、ブラウザ翻訳は法的に有効な書類を英語にはしません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["IBKR Japan has the strongest verified end-to-end English support among providers covered.","Confirm English at each stage you need: opening, trading, tax documents, and incident support.","Most Japanese brokers onboard and support mainly in Japanese.","Browser translation is not a substitute — controlling documents may remain Japanese.","IBKR’s professional platform suits investors comfortable with cross-border detail."],"ja":["IBKR証券は、対象の中で最も確実な一貫した英語対応を持ちます。","必要な各段階で英語を確認：開設・取引・税書類・トラブル対応。","多くの日本の証券会社は、開設・サポートが主に日本語です。","ブラウザ翻訳は代わりになりません——有効な書類は日本語のままのことがあります。","IBKRのプロ向け画面は、越境の詳細に慣れた投資家に向きます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"ibkr","heading":{"en":"The clearest English option","ja":"最も明確な英語の選択肢"},"body":{"en":["Among the providers verified in this research, Interactive Brokers Securities Japan has the clearest end-to-end English: an English website, English application, English trading interface, and English telephone, email, and chat support, plus broad international-market access and NISA support. For an English-dominant resident, it is the strongest verified choice.","The trade-off is that IBKR is a professional platform. Its order types, market access, and cross-border tax detail can overwhelm a beginner who simply wants to buy one Japanese index fund. It suits investors comfortable with a more complex interface and cross-border considerations."],"ja":["本調査で確認した中で、インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券は最も明確な一貫した英語を持ちます。英語のサイト・申込・取引画面、英語の電話・メール・チャットサポート、加えて広い国際市場アクセスとNISA対応です。英語中心の居住者には、最も確実な選択です。","トレードオフは、IBKRがプロ向けのプラットフォームであることです。注文種別・市場アクセス・越境の税務の詳細は、日本のインデックス投信を1本買いたいだけの初心者を圧倒し得ます。より複雑な画面と越境の考慮に慣れた投資家に向きます。"]}},{"id":"stages","heading":{"en":"Check English at each stage","ja":"各段階で英語を確認"},"body":{"en":["English support is not all-or-nothing. Confirm it at each stage you actually need: account opening, day-to-day trading, tax documents, and — critically — support during a problem (a trade error, a security incident, a departure from Japan). A broker with an English marketing page may still handle incidents or tax paperwork only in Japanese.","Some Japanese brokers offer partial English resources, but the legally controlling account-opening and trading documents, and live support, are often Japanese. Do not infer full English support from a few translated pages."],"ja":["英語対応は「全か無か」ではありません。実際に必要な各段階で確認します。口座開設、日々の取引、税書類、そして——重要な——問題時のサポート（取引の誤り・セキュリティ事故・出国）です。英語の宣伝ページがあっても、トラブルや税務書類は日本語のみのことがあります。","一部の日本の証券会社は部分的な英語資料を提供しますが、法的に有効な口座開設・取引の書類やライブサポートは日本語のことが多いです。数ページの翻訳から完全な英語対応を推測しないでください。"]}},{"id":"translation","heading":{"en":"The limits of browser translation","ja":"ブラウザ翻訳の限界"},"body":{"en":["Browser translation can make a Japanese broker usable day-to-day, but it has real limits. The documents that legally bind you — account agreements, risk disclosures, tax forms — remain Japanese, and a machine translation is not an official version you can rely on for a dispute. Live support during an urgent problem will also be in Japanese.","So browser translation is a convenience for a confident user, not a true English-support substitute. If genuine English support at every critical stage is essential, IBKR Japan is the verified option; if you can handle Japanese documents (with help where needed), the broader Japanese brokers open up with their lower-cost fund ecosystems."],"ja":["ブラウザ翻訳は日本の証券会社を日常的に使えるようにしますが、実際の限界があります。法的に拘束する書類——口座規約・リスク開示・税務書式——は日本語のままで、機械翻訳は紛争時に頼れる正式版ではありません。緊急の問題時のライブサポートも日本語です。","よってブラウザ翻訳は、自信のある利用者には便利ですが、真の英語対応の代わりではありません。すべての重要段階で本物の英語対応が必須ならIBKR証券が確認済みの選択肢、（必要に応じて助けを借りて）日本語書類を扱えるなら、より広い日本の証券会社が低コストの投信エコシステムとともに使えます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["English-dominant residents","People who need English at every stage"],"ja":["英語中心の居住者","すべての段階で英語が必要な人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Japanese-speaking beginners (see beginners page)","Readers wanting the cheapest fund menu only"],"ja":["日本語話者の初心者（初心者ページ参照）","最安の投信メニューのみを求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Machine translation is not an official document; verify English support at opening, tax, and incident stages."],"ja":["機械翻訳は正式書類ではありません。開設・税務・トラブルの各段階で英語対応を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-registry","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["investing-as-foreign-resident","best-brokerages-japan","brokers-for-foreign-residents","ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers"]},{"slug":"brokers-for-foreign-residents","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Best brokerages for foreign residents","ja":"外国人居住者向けのおすすめ証券会社"},"summary":{"en":"Residence-card support, My Number, postal vs online opening, nationality restrictions, non-resident policies, and required documents.","ja":"在留カード対応、マイナンバー、郵送とオンライン開設、国籍制限、非居住者方針、必要書類。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Foreign residents are best served by brokers that publish residence-card procedures — SBI, Monex, Rakuten, Matsui, and IBKR Japan — but acceptance depends on visa, tax residence, nationality, and product, and some require postal rather than online opening.","ja":"外国人居住者には、在留カード手続を公表する会社——SBI・マネックス・楽天・松井・IBKR証券——が向きますが、受入は在留資格・税務上の居住地・国籍・商品により、一部はオンラインでなく郵送での開設を要します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["SBI, Monex, Rakuten, Matsui, and IBKR Japan publish foreign-resident procedures.","Acceptance depends on visa, tax residence, nationality, and product.","Some brokers require postal processing for foreign nationals rather than full online opening.","US persons face product restrictions at some brokers.","Prepare a residence card, My Number, and a matching Japanese bank account."],"ja":["SBI・マネックス・楽天・松井・IBKR証券が外国人居住者向け手続を公表します。","受入は在留資格・税務上の居住地・国籍・商品によります。","一部は完全オンラインでなく、外国籍に郵送手続を要します。","米国関係者は一部の会社で商品制限を受けます。","在留カード・マイナンバー・一致する日本の銀行口座を準備します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"who","heading":{"en":"Brokers with published procedures","ja":"手続を公表する会社"},"body":{"en":["Eligibility is residence-based, not nationality-based, so a qualifying foreign resident can open an account and NISA. In practice, SBI, Monex, Rakuten, and Matsui publish procedures accepting residence-card documentation, and Interactive Brokers Japan onboards Japan residents with an English process. These are the natural shortlist for a foreign resident.","But broker policies can be stricter than the tax statute. Acceptance depends on your visa, tax residence, nationality, and the products you want, and these matrices are rarely published in full — so confirm your specific case before assuming."],"ja":["資格は国籍ではなく在留基準のため、要件を満たす外国人居住者は口座とNISAを開けます。実際に、SBI・マネックス・楽天・松井は在留カード書類を受け付ける手続を公表し、インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券は英語の手続で日本居住者を受け入れます。これらが外国人居住者の自然な候補です。","ただし会社の方針は税法より厳しいことがあります。受入は在留資格・税務上の居住地・国籍・希望する商品により、これらの一覧が完全に公表されることはまれです——思い込む前に自分の具体的なケースを確認します。"]}},{"id":"process","heading":{"en":"Online vs postal and restrictions","ja":"オンラインと郵送、制限"},"body":{"en":["How you open varies. Some brokers allow full online opening with a residence card; others require postal processing for foreign nationals, which is slower. If speed matters, check the exact path for your nationality. US citizens and green-card holders complete a FATCA declaration and can face product restrictions — some brokers prohibit US persons from foreign-stock trading.","Nationality restrictions, sanctioned-country connections, or politically exposed status can trigger enhanced review or rejection. None of this is unusual, but it means the \"best\" foreign-resident broker is the one that accepts your specific status and carries the products you want."],"ja":["開設方法は様々です。在留カードで完全オンライン開設できる会社もあれば、外国籍に郵送手続を要し遅い会社もあります。速さが重要なら、自分の国籍向けの経路を確認します。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者はFATCA申告を行い商品制限を受け得ます——一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を禁じます。","国籍制限・制裁対象国との関係・重要な公的地位は、強化審査や却下を招き得ます。いずれも珍しくありませんが、「最良」の外国人居住者向け会社は、自分の具体的な状況を受け入れ望む商品を扱う会社だということです。"]}},{"id":"checklist","heading":{"en":"A required-document checklist","ja":"必要書類チェックリスト"},"body":{"en":["Before applying, prepare: a residence card with reasonable remaining validity; My Number evidence; a Japanese bank account in your own name with a name that matches your application; and, if you are a US person, awareness that FATCA and product restrictions apply. Confirm English support at each stage you need it, and if you might leave Japan, ask about the non-resident continuation policy first.","Aligning your name across the residence card, bank account, and any card is the single most important preparation, because a mismatch is the most common cause of rejection or failed bank linkage."],"ja":["申込前に準備します。残存有効期間が十分な在留カード、マイナンバー、申込書と一致する名義の本人名義の日本の銀行口座、そして米国関係者ならFATCAと商品制限が適用される認識です。必要な各段階で英語対応を確認し、出国し得るならまず非居住者継続方針を尋ねます。","在留カード・銀行口座・各カードで氏名を一致させることが最も重要な準備です。不一致は、却下や銀行連携失敗の最も多い原因だからです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Foreign residents choosing a broker","US persons needing accepting brokers"],"ja":["証券会社を選ぶ外国人居住者","受入会社が必要な米国関係者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Non-residents applying from abroad","Japanese nationals"],"ja":["海外から申し込む非居住者","日本国籍の人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Acceptance depends on visa, nationality, tax residence, and product; verify your case before applying."],"ja":["受入は在留資格・国籍・税務上の居住地・商品によります。申込前に自分のケースを確認してください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-eligibility"],"sources":["fsa-registry","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["investing-as-foreign-resident","opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","brokers-english-support","brokerage-account-requirements"]},{"slug":"points-investing","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Best brokerages for points investing","ja":"ポイント投資のおすすめ証券会社"},"summary":{"en":"Rakuten, V, d, Ponta, and PayPay points; earning vs spending points; ecosystem lock-in; and expiring/changing terms.","ja":"楽天・V・d・Ponta・PayPayポイント、貯める・使う、エコシステムの囲い込み、期限・条件変更。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Points investing lets you earn or spend loyalty points (Rakuten, V, d, Ponta, PayPay) through a broker in its ecosystem; it is a useful fee rebate, but ecosystem lock-in and changing terms mean product quality and total cost should decide the broker, not points.","ja":"ポイント投資は、エコシステム内の証券会社でロイヤルティポイント（楽天・V・d・Ponta・PayPay）を貯める・使うものです。有用な手数料割戻しですが、囲い込みと条件変更のため、ポイントではなく商品の質と総コストで会社を決めるべきです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Major ecosystems: Rakuten Points, V Points (SBI), d Points (Monex), Ponta, PayPay Points.","You can earn points on investing and, at some brokers, invest points themselves.","Point programs create ecosystem lock-in — switching later can mean losing integration.","Reward rates and terms change and can be outweighed by card annual fees.","Let product quality and total cost decide the broker; treat points as a bonus."],"ja":["主なエコシステム：楽天ポイント、Vポイント（SBI）、dポイント（マネックス）、Ponta、PayPayポイント。","投資でポイントを貯められ、一部の会社ではポイント自体で投資できます。","ポイントプログラムは囲い込みを生み、後で乗り換えると連携を失い得ます。","還元率と条件は変わり、カード年会費で相殺され得ます。","会社は商品の質と総コストで決め、ポイントはボーナスとして扱います。"]},"sections":[{"id":"ecosystems","heading":{"en":"The major point ecosystems","ja":"主なポイントエコシステム"},"body":{"en":["Each large broker sits inside a point ecosystem: Rakuten Securities with Rakuten Points, SBI with V Points, Monex with d Points, Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart with Ponta, and PayPay Securities with PayPay Points. Within its ecosystem, a broker lets you earn points on credit-card fund purchases and other activity, and some let you invest accumulated points directly into funds.","The appeal is a low psychological barrier and a small rebate on costs. If you already live in one of these ecosystems — you shop with Rakuten, or use an SMBC/Olive card — the integration can be genuinely convenient."],"ja":["各大手証券会社はポイントエコシステムの中にあります。楽天証券は楽天ポイント、SBIはVポイント、マネックスはdポイント、三菱UFJ eスマートはPonta、PayPay証券はPayPayポイントです。エコシステム内で、会社はクレカ投信積立などでポイントを貯めさせ、一部は貯めたポイントを直接投信に投資させます。","魅力は、心理的な障壁の低さとコストのわずかな割戻しです。既にこれらのエコシステムの一つで暮らしているなら——楽天で買い物をする、SMBC/Oliveカードを使う——連携は本当に便利です。"]}},{"id":"earn-spend","heading":{"en":"Earning vs spending points","ja":"貯めると使う"},"body":{"en":["Two things get conflated. Earning points on investing (via credit-card tsumitate or activity) is a rebate on what you were doing anyway. Spending points to invest (converting loyalty points into fund purchases) is a way to put small, otherwise-idle points to work. Both are fine, but neither is a reason to invest more than your plan calls for, or to buy a worse fund.","Calculate the real value. A 1% reward on ¥100,000 a month is ¥12,000 a year — meaningful, but easily erased by a card annual fee charged only to unlock the rate. Points are a secondary fee rebate, not an investment thesis."],"ja":["2つが混同されます。投資でポイントを貯める（クレカ積立や活動を通じて）のは、どのみち行っていたことへの割戻しです。ポイントを使って投資する（ロイヤルティポイントを投信購入に換える）のは、小さく遊休のポイントを働かせる方法です。どちらも良いですが、いずれも計画以上に投資する・劣った投信を買う理由にはなりません。","実質価値を計算します。月10万円への1%還元は年12,000円——意味はありますが、率を得るためだけのカード年会費で容易に相殺されます。ポイントは二次的な手数料割戻しで、投資の根拠ではありません。"]}},{"id":"lock-in","heading":{"en":"Lock-in and changing terms","ja":"囲い込みと条件変更"},"body":{"en":["The real risk is lock-in. Choosing a broker mainly for its points ties you into one commercial ecosystem, and switching later can mean losing the integration and any accumulated benefit. Meanwhile, reward rates and program terms change frequently, and points can expire — the rate that attracted you may not last.","So let product quality, total cost, tax support, and service decide the broker, and treat points as a modest bonus when a broker you would choose anyway happens to offer a good program. Do not let a point rate steer you into an expensive card or a worse fund."],"ja":["本当のリスクは囲い込みです。ポイント主体で会社を選ぶと、一つの商業エコシステムに縛られ、後で乗り換えると連携や貯めた利益を失い得ます。一方で還元率とプログラム条件は頻繁に変わり、ポイントは失効し得ます——惹かれた率が続くとは限りません。","よって、商品の質・総コスト・税務対応・サービスで会社を決め、どのみち選ぶ会社がたまたま良いプログラムを提供するとき、ポイントを控えめなボーナスとして扱います。ポイント率で高いカードや劣った投信に誘導されないようにします。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People already in a point ecosystem","Investors comparing point programs"],"ja":["既にポイントエコシステムにいる人","ポイントプログラムを比べる投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone who would buy a worse fund for points","People paying a card fee only for rewards"],"ja":["ポイントのため劣った投信を買う人","還元のためだけにカード年会費を払う人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Point rates and terms change and can be outweighed by card fees; do not let points pick your broker or fund."],"ja":["ポイント率と条件は変わりカード年会費で相殺され得ます。ポイントに会社や投信を選ばせないでください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["sbi-points","rakuten-points","monex-points","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["credit-card-investing","is-credit-card-investing-worth-it","choosing-a-brokerage-japan","best-brokerages-japan"]},{"slug":"is-credit-card-investing-worth-it","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Is credit-card investing worth it?","ja":"クレカ積立は得か？"},"summary":{"en":"The reward calculation, card annual fees, required spending, temporary promotions, and a worked ¥100,000/month example.","ja":"還元の計算、カード年会費、必要利用額、一時的なキャンペーン、月10万円の具体例。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Credit-card investing is worth it when the card is already economical for you and the fund is appropriate; a 1% reward on ¥100,000/month is ¥12,000/year, which a ¥33,000 card fee easily erases unless the card’s other benefits genuinely justify it.","ja":"クレカ積立は、カードが既に自分にとって割に合い、投信が適切なとき得です。月10万円への1%還元は年12,000円で、カードの他の特典が本当に見合わない限り、年会費33,000円で容易に相殺されます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Calculate reward minus annual card fee minus any spending you would not otherwise do.","A 1% reward on ¥100,000/month is ¥12,000/year.","A ¥33,000 card fee needs ¥21,000+ of other genuine value to be worth it for the reward alone.","Separate the ongoing rate from first-year or campaign bonuses.","Points should never push you into a worse fund or unnecessary spending."],"ja":["還元−カード年会費−本来しない利用、で計算します。","月10万円への1%還元は年12,000円です。","年会費33,000円は、還元だけで見合うには他に21,000円以上の本物の価値が必要です。","継続率を初年度・キャンペーンのボーナスと分けます。","ポイントで劣った投信や不要な利用に押されないこと。"]},"sections":[{"id":"calc","heading":{"en":"The reward calculation","ja":"還元の計算"},"body":{"en":["Credit-card tsumitate earns points on your monthly fund purchases, typically up to ¥100,000 a month. To judge whether it is worth it, do one calculation: reward minus the card’s annual fee minus any incremental spending you would not otherwise make to qualify for the rate. Only the net figure is real value.","The gross reward is easy: a 1% rate on ¥100,000 a month is ¥12,000 a year; a 0.5% rate is ¥6,000. These are pleasant but modest sums, and they are the ceiling before any costs are subtracted."],"ja":["クレカ積立は、毎月の投信購入（通常月10万円まで）にポイントを付けます。得かどうかは、一つの計算で判断します。還元−カードの年会費−率のために本来しない追加利用です。純額だけが本物の価値です。","総額の還元は簡単です。月10万円への1%は年12,000円、0.5%なら6,000円。心地よいが控えめな額で、コストを差し引く前の上限です。"]}},{"id":"fees","heading":{"en":"Card fees and required spending","ja":"カード年会費と必要利用額"},"body":{"en":["The reward is only worthwhile if the card itself makes sense. Higher reward rates often come from premium cards with annual fees, or require a minimum of non-investment spending on the card. If you pay a ¥33,000 annual fee purely to obtain a ¥12,000 investing reward, you are ¥21,000 worse off unless the card’s other benefits (insurance, lounge access, other points) provide at least that much value you would actually use.","Also beware required spending: a rate that depends on spending, say, ¥1 million a year on the card is not free if it pushes you to spend more than you otherwise would. Count only the benefits you would genuinely use anyway."],"ja":["還元は、カード自体が理にかなうときだけ価値があります。高い還元率は、年会費のあるプレミアムカードから生じたり、カードでの最低限の非投資利用を要したりします。12,000円の投資還元を得るためだけに年会費33,000円を払えば、カードの他の特典（保険・ラウンジ・他のポイント）が実際に使う価値を少なくともそれだけ提供しない限り、21,000円損です。","必要利用額にも注意します。例えば年100万円のカード利用に依存する率は、本来以上に使わせるなら無料ではありません。どのみち本当に使う特典だけを数えます。"]}},{"id":"example","heading":{"en":"A worked example","ja":"具体例"},"body":{"en":["Take ¥100,000 a month funded by a card. At a standard 0.5% rate on a low- or no-fee card, you earn ¥6,000 a year for essentially no cost — a clear, if small, win. At an advertised 1% on a card with a ¥33,000 annual fee, the ¥12,000 reward is more than wiped out by the fee unless you separately value the card’s perks by ¥21,000+. And a headline \"3%\" first-year rate is usually a promotion, not the ongoing rate — separate temporary bonuses from what you will earn every year.","The rule: when the card is already economical for you and the fund is one you would buy anyway, credit-card investing is a nice bonus. When you are choosing the card, the fund, or the spending mainly to chase the reward, it is usually not worth it. Points are a fee rebate, not the reason to invest."],"ja":["カードで決済する月10万円を考えます。低・無年会費カードの標準0.5%なら、ほぼ無コストで年6,000円——小さいが明確な得です。年会費33,000円のカードで宣伝の1%なら、12,000円の還元は、カードの特典を別途21,000円以上と評価しない限り年会費で相殺以上です。そして表面の「3%」初年度率は通常キャンペーンで継続率ではありません——一時的なボーナスと毎年得る分を分けます。","原則：カードが既に自分に割に合い、投信がどのみち買うものなら、クレカ積立は良いボーナスです。還元を追うために主にカード・投信・利用を選ぶなら、通常は得ではありません。ポイントは手数料割戻しで、投資の理由ではありません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People weighing a premium card for tsumitate","Investors calculating real reward value"],"ja":["積立のためプレミアムカードを検討する人","実質の還元価値を計算する投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone chasing points over product quality","People who would overspend for a rate"],"ja":["商品の質よりポイントを追う人","率のため使いすぎる人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised maximum rates are often conditional or first-year only; subtract card fees and required spending."],"ja":["宣伝の最大率はしばしば条件付き・初年度のみです。カード年会費と必要利用額を差し引いてください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["sbi-card-investment","rakuten-card-investment","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["credit-card-investing","points-investing","best-brokerages-japan"]},{"slug":"brokers-for-nisa","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Best brokerages for NISA","ja":"NISAのおすすめ証券会社"},"summary":{"en":"NISA product range, mutual funds, Japanese and US stocks, fees and FX, recurring purchases, card/point integration, and foreign-resident support.","ja":"NISAの商品範囲、投信、日本・米国株、手数料とFX、積立、カード/ポイント連携、外国人居住者対応。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"For NISA, SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart lead on broad eligibility, low NISA transaction charges, and recurring services; the best fit depends on which funds you want, your ecosystem, and whether you need foreign-stock support.","ja":"NISAでは、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・三菱UFJ eスマートが、広い対象・低いNISA取引手数料・積立で先行します。最適は、望む投信・エコシステム・外国株対応の要否で決まります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and MUFG eSmart lead for NISA overall.","Compare the eligible fund lineup, recurring-purchase controls, and NISA transaction charges.","Foreign-stock support in NISA is broker-specific — confirm the exact products.","Card and point integration differ by ecosystem and change frequently.","One broker receives your NISA purchases per year; existing holdings stay if you switch."],"ja":["NISA全体では、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・MUFG eスマートが先行。","対象投信のラインナップ・積立設定・NISA取引手数料を比べます。","NISAでの外国株対応は会社ごと——正確な商品を確認します。","カード・ポイント連携はエコシステムで異なり頻繁に変わります。","NISA買付は年1社。乗り換えても既存保有は残ります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"range","heading":{"en":"Product range and recurring purchases","ja":"商品範囲と積立"},"body":{"en":["For NISA, the first thing to compare is the eligible product range and how easily you can automate it. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart all offer broad NISA fund menus, ¥100 minimums, and recurring purchases, and generally advertise ¥0 commissions on NISA-covered domestic shares and funds. Check that your intended fund is on the FSA list and offered by the broker in the allowance you want.","Recurring-purchase controls matter for the tsumitate allowance: monthly dates, bonus-month settings, and how easily you can adjust amounts. These small differences affect how smoothly you can run a long-term plan."],"ja":["NISAでは、まず対象商品の範囲と自動化のしやすさを比べます。SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・三菱UFJ eスマートはいずれも、広いNISA投信メニュー・100円の最低額・積立を提供し、NISA対象の国内株・投信の手数料0円を概ねうたいます。意図する投信がFSAリストにあり、望む枠で会社が取り扱うか確認します。","積立設定はつみたて枠に重要です。毎月の日付・ボーナス月設定・金額調整のしやすさです。これらの小さな差が、長期計画の運びやすさに影響します。"]}},{"id":"foreign-eco","heading":{"en":"Foreign stocks and ecosystems","ja":"外国株とエコシステム"},"body":{"en":["If you want US or other foreign stocks inside NISA, support is broker-specific. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui offer NISA US-stock trading (often ¥0 on covered products), while foreign-market breadth and FX terms differ. IBKR Japan supports eligible domestic and foreign products in NISA with global reach. Confirm the exact securities and the FX cost, since foreign withholding remains even in NISA.","Ecosystem integration can decide a close call: Rakuten Card/Points with Rakuten, SMBC/Olive and V Points with SBI, d Card/Points with Monex, MUFG/au/Ponta with eSmart. These are conveniences, not reasons to accept a worse fund menu."],"ja":["NISA内で米国等の外国株を望むなら、対応は会社ごとです。SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井はNISAの米国株取引を提供し（対象商品は0円のことが多い）、外国市場の広さやFX条件は異なります。IBKR証券は、対象の国内・外国商品をNISAで扱い全世界に届きます。NISA内でも外国源泉徴収は残るため、正確な銘柄とFXコストを確認します。","エコシステム連携が僅差の決め手になり得ます。楽天は楽天カード/ポイント、SBIはSMBC/OliveとVポイント、マネックスはdカード/ポイント、eスマートはMUFG/au/Ponta。これらは便宜であり、劣った投信メニューを受け入れる理由ではありません。"]}},{"id":"switching","heading":{"en":"One institution per year","ja":"年1社の原則"},"body":{"en":["Remember the structural NISA rule: only one institution can receive your new NISA purchases in a given year, though you can generally change institutions by year. If you switch, your existing NISA holdings normally stay at the old broker in that NISA relationship — they do not transfer into the new broker’s NISA — so choose carefully to avoid fragmenting your NISA across firms.","Because switching is possible but not seamless, weigh the fund menu, costs, and ecosystem for the long term. The best NISA broker is the one you will happily keep, that carries your funds, and that fits your status."],"ja":["NISAの構造的な規則を思い出します。新規のNISA買付ができるのはその年1社のみですが、原則年単位で機関を変えられます。乗り換えると、既存のNISA保有は通常そのNISA関係のまま旧社に残り——新社のNISAへは移らない——ため、NISAを複数社に分断しないよう慎重に選びます。","乗り換えは可能でも滑らかではないため、投信メニュー・コスト・エコシステムを長期で検討します。最良のNISA会社は、喜んで使い続けられ、自分の投信を扱い、自分の状況に合う会社です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People opening or moving NISA","Investors comparing NISA fund menus"],"ja":["NISAを開設・移す人","NISA投信メニューを比べる投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["US taxpayers before PFIC review","Readers wanting a single universal pick"],"ja":["PFIC確認前の米国納税者","唯一の万能な選択を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["NISA menus, fees, and card programs change; only one institution takes new purchases per year."],"ja":["NISAのメニュー・手数料・カードは変わります。新規買付は年1社のみです。"]},"faqs":["nisa-eligibility"],"sources":["sbi-nisa","rakuten-nisa","monex-nisa","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["nisa-complete-guide","best-brokerages-japan","brokers-for-mutual-funds","nisa-choose-broker"]},{"slug":"brokers-for-mutual-funds","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Best brokerages for mutual funds","ja":"投資信託のおすすめ証券会社"},"summary":{"en":"Fund lineup, minimum investment, automatic investing, NISA eligibility, point programs, credit-card investing, and screening tools.","ja":"ファンドの品揃え、最低投資額、自動積立、NISA対象、ポイント、クレカ積立、スクリーニング。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"For mutual funds, SBI, Rakuten, and Monex lead on very broad lineups, ¥100 minimums, recurring and card-based investing, and point programs — but a huge lineup can encourage needless fund proliferation, so a broad low-cost core still matters most.","ja":"投資信託では、SBI・楽天・マネックスが、非常に広い品揃え・100円の最低額・積立とクレカ積立・ポイントで先行します。ただし膨大な品揃えは不要な投信の乱立を招き得るため、広い低コストの核が最重要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["SBI, Rakuten, and Monex offer very broad fund lineups with low minimums (from ¥100).","Automatic recurring and credit-card investing make monthly accumulation easy.","Confirm NISA eligibility and point/card integration for your specific funds.","Screening and comparison tools help, but recent performance is not a selection basis.","A large lineup can tempt you into owning too many overlapping funds."],"ja":["SBI・楽天・マネックスは、低い最低額（100円から）で非常に広い品揃え。","自動積立とクレカ積立で、毎月の資産形成が簡単です。","自分の投信のNISA対象とポイント/カード連携を確認します。","スクリーニング・比較ツールは有用ですが、直近の成績は選択基準ではありません。","広い品揃えは、重複した投信を多く持つ誘惑になり得ます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"lineup","heading":{"en":"Lineup, minimums, and automation","ja":"品揃え・最低額・自動化"},"body":{"en":["For fund investors, SBI, Rakuten, and Monex stand out with very broad lineups, ¥100 minimums, and easy automation. You can set a monthly recurring purchase, and at supporting brokers fund it with a partner credit card to earn points. This combination makes steady, low-cost accumulation straightforward — the core of most beginners’ plans.","Check that your intended fund is available, NISA-eligible where you want it, and supported for recurring purchases. The big three cover the popular low-cost index funds, but exact availability and card integration differ."],"ja":["投信投資家には、SBI・楽天・マネックスが非常に広い品揃え・100円の最低額・容易な自動化で際立ちます。毎月の積立を設定し、対応会社では提携カードで決済してポイントを得られます。この組み合わせが、着実で低コストの資産形成を容易にします——多くの初心者の計画の核です。","意図する投信が利用可能で、望む場所でNISA対象で、積立に対応しているか確認します。大手3社は人気の低コストインデックス投信を扱いますが、正確な取扱とカード連携は異なります。"]}},{"id":"tools","heading":{"en":"Screening and comparison tools","ja":"スクリーニング・比較ツール"},"body":{"en":["A good broker provides screening and comparison tools — filtering by asset class, benchmark, cost, and NISA eligibility, and comparing funds side by side. These help you evaluate a fund on benchmark, expense ratio, tracking difference, and size. Use them to check that a fund is tracking its index sensibly and is cheap, not to rank funds by recent return.","The classic trap is selecting \"last year’s best fund.\" Recent performance is an unreliable guide to future relative results; a top-ranked fund can lag next year. Let the tools inform a cost- and benchmark-based decision, not a performance chase."],"ja":["良い会社はスクリーニング・比較ツールを提供します——資産クラス・ベンチマーク・コスト・NISA対象で絞り込み、投信を並べて比較できます。これらは、ベンチマーク・信託報酬・トラッキング差異・規模で投信を評価する助けになります。投信が指数を妥当に追随し安いかの確認に使い、直近のリターンで順位付けするためには使いません。","典型的な罠は「昨年最良の投信」を選ぶことです。直近の成績は将来の相対結果の指針として不確実で、上位の投信も翌年は劣後し得ます。ツールは、成績追いではなく、コストとベンチマークに基づく判断に役立てます。"]}},{"id":"proliferation","heading":{"en":"Avoiding fund proliferation","ja":"投信の乱立を避ける"},"body":{"en":["A very large lineup has a downside: it tempts you to collect many overlapping thematic and regional funds, adding complexity and cost without real diversification. Owning ten funds that all hold the same US large caps is not more diversified than owning one broad global fund — it is just harder to manage.","Keep it simple. Decide your allocation, pick one broad low-cost fund as the core, and add anything else only as a deliberate, limited satellite. The best fund broker is the one that carries your chosen low-cost funds and automates them — the size of the total lineup is largely irrelevant to that goal."],"ja":["非常に広い品揃えには欠点があります。重複するテーマ・地域の投信を多く集める誘惑で、真の分散なしに複雑さとコストを加えます。同じ米国大型株を持つ10本は、広い全世界1本より分散されておらず、管理が難しいだけです。","単純に保ちます。配分を決め、広い低コスト投信1本を核に選び、それ以外は意図的で限定的なサテライトとしてのみ加えます。最良の投信会社は、選んだ低コスト投信を扱い自動化する会社で、総品揃えの大きさはその目的にはほぼ無関係です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Fund-focused investors","People automating monthly fund purchases"],"ja":["投信中心の投資家","毎月の投信積立を自動化する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Individual-stock traders","US taxpayers before PFIC review"],"ja":["個別株トレーダー","PFIC確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["A big lineup invites over-diversification; choose funds by benchmark and cost, not recent return."],"ja":["広い品揃えは過剰分散を招きます。直近の成績でなくベンチマークとコストで選んでください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["sbi-recurring","rakuten-recurring","monex-recurring","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["how-to-compare-funds","brokers-for-nisa","best-brokerages-japan","credit-card-investing"]},{"slug":"brokers-for-us-stocks","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Best brokerages for US stocks","ja":"米国株のおすすめ証券会社"},"summary":{"en":"Trading commissions, FX spreads, NISA support, available securities, extended hours, research, US-taxpayer restrictions, and withholding.","ja":"取引手数料、為替スプレッド、NISA対応、取扱銘柄、時間外取引、調査、米国納税者の制限、源泉徴収。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"For US stocks, SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and IBKR Japan lead on NISA support and competitive trading/FX; compare the 0.495%/US$22 commission model and FX spreads, note that US dividends carry US withholding even in NISA, and check US-person restrictions.","ja":"米国株では、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・IBKR証券がNISA対応と競争的な取引/FXで先行します。0.495%・上限22米ドルの手数料モデルとFXスプレッドを比べ、米国配当がNISA内でも米国源泉徴収を伴う点に留意し、米国人の制限を確認します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and IBKR Japan support US stocks with competitive terms.","Taxable US commission is commonly 0.495% capped at US$22; NISA-covered products can be ¥0.","FX spreads matter as much as commission — some advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread.","US dividends carry US source-country withholding even inside NISA.","Some brokers restrict US persons from foreign-stock trading; check before applying."],"ja":["SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・IBKR証券が競争的な条件で米国株に対応。","課税の米国株手数料は多くが0.495%・上限22米ドル。対象のNISA商品は0円のことも。","FXスプレッドは手数料と同等に重要——ドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社も。","米国配当はNISA内でも米国の源泉地国課税を伴います。","一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を制限します。申込前に確認します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"cost","heading":{"en":"Commissions, FX, and NISA","ja":"手数料・FX・NISA"},"body":{"en":["For US stocks, several large brokers share a similar model: about 0.495% commission on taxable trades, capped at roughly US$22, and ¥0 on NISA-covered US shares and ETFs. So on cost, SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui are broadly comparable, and the FX spread often matters more than the commission — some advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread, others a per-dollar spread. Verify current conversion terms.","IBKR Japan uses a different, professional pricing model with interbank-style currency execution plus commission, and supports eligible US products in NISA. It suits investors comfortable with a professional platform and broad global access."],"ja":["米国株では、複数の大手が似たモデルを共有します。課税取引で約0.495%・上限約22米ドル、NISA対象の米国株・ETFで0円です。よってコストでは、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井は概ね同等で、FXスプレッドが手数料より重要なことが多いです——リアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社もあれば1ドルあたりのスプレッドの会社もあります。現行の両替条件を確認します。","IBKR証券は、インターバンク型の通貨執行＋手数料という別のプロ向け価格モデルを使い、対象の米国商品をNISAで扱います。プロ向けプラットフォームと広い全世界アクセスに慣れた投資家に向きます。"]}},{"id":"features","heading":{"en":"Securities, hours, and research","ja":"銘柄・時間・調査"},"body":{"en":["Beyond cost, compare the available securities (the exact tickers and ETFs), extended-hours trading, and research tools. Monex is noted for strong US-stock research, screening, and analytical tools; moomoo and Webull offer data-heavy, active-trading-oriented platforms; IBKR offers the widest global reach. If you trade specific US names or want after-hours access, check each broker’s exact support.","For a passive investor buying a US index fund monthly, most of this is secondary — a low-cost fund at a mainstream broker does the job. The advanced US-stock features matter mainly to more active or research-driven investors."],"ja":["コストの他に、取扱銘柄（正確なティッカーとETF）・時間外取引・調査ツールを比べます。マネックスは米国株の調査・スクリーニング・分析ツールに定評があり、moomooやWebullはデータ重視でアクティブ取引向けのプラットフォーム、IBKRは最も広い全世界アクセスを提供します。特定の米国銘柄を取引する・時間外アクセスを望むなら、各社の正確な対応を確認します。","米国インデックス投信を毎月買うパッシブ投資家には、これらの多くは二次的です——主流の会社の低コスト投信で十分です。高度な米国株機能は、主により能動的・調査重視の投資家に重要です。"]}},{"id":"us-persons","heading":{"en":"Withholding and US-person restrictions","ja":"源泉徴収と米国人の制限"},"body":{"en":["Two cross-border points are essential. First, US dividends carry US source-country withholding even inside NISA — NISA removes only Japanese tax — so model the after-withholding yield. Second, US persons face restrictions: Rakuten, for example, states US persons may not trade its foreign-stock products, and other brokers impose different rules. If you are a US taxpayer, confirm the broker accepts you and get cross-border advice before buying.","For non-US persons, the main choice is cost, FX, and platform; for US persons, broker acceptance and US tax treatment come first, and US-domiciled ETFs bought at a permitting broker may be simpler than Japanese funds."],"ja":["越境の2点が重要です。第一に、米国配当はNISA内でも米国の源泉地国課税を伴います——NISAが消すのは日本の税だけ——ため、源泉徴収後の利回りで試算します。第二に、米国人は制限を受けます。例えば楽天は米国人が同社の外国株商品を取引できないとし、他社も異なる規則を課します。米国納税者なら、会社が受け入れるか確認し、購入前に越境助言を受けます。","非米国人には、主な選択はコスト・FX・プラットフォームです。米国人には、会社の受入と米国税の扱いが先で、受け入れる会社で買う米国籍ETFが日本の投信より単純なことがあります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors buying US shares from Japan","Active US-stock traders"],"ja":["日本から米国株を買う投資家","米国株のアクティブトレーダー"]},"notFor":{"en":["US taxpayers before cross-border review","Passive investors better served by a US index fund"],"ja":["越境確認前の米国納税者","米国インデックス投信で十分なパッシブ投資家"]},"warnings":{"en":["US withholding remains inside NISA and US persons face restrictions; verify before applying."],"ja":["米国源泉徴収はNISA内でも残り、米国人は制限を受けます。申込前に確認してください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-us-citizen"],"sources":["sbi-fees","rakuten-fees","monex-fees","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["us-stocks-from-japan","brokerage-fees-compared","us-taxpayers-investing-japan","global-investors-japan"]},{"slug":"brokers-for-japanese-stocks","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Best brokerages for Japanese stocks","ja":"日本株のおすすめ証券会社"},"summary":{"en":"Domestic commissions, odd-lot/fractional shares, research and screening, IPO access, mobile apps, and NISA availability.","ja":"国内手数料、単元未満株、調査とスクリーニング、IPOアクセス、モバイルアプリ、NISA対応。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"For Japanese stocks, SBI, Rakuten, Matsui, Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart, and moomoo lead on low online commissions, odd-lot or fractional shares, and strong apps; Matsui is notable for small-value domestic pricing, and zero-commission offers may carry routing or e-delivery conditions.","ja":"日本株では、SBI・楽天・松井・三菱UFJ eスマート・moomooが、低いオンライン手数料・単元未満株・強いアプリで先行します。松井は少額の国内価格で目立ち、手数料無料は経路や電子交付の条件を伴い得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["SBI, Rakuten, Matsui, MUFG eSmart, and moomoo lead for domestic shares.","Zero-commission domestic trades can carry routing or electronic-delivery conditions.","Odd-lot/fractional shares (単元未満株) let you buy below the 100-share unit.","Matsui offers useful low-value domestic pricing; moomoo brings data and one-share buys.","Confirm IPO access, research/screening, and NISA availability for your needs."],"ja":["SBI・楽天・松井・MUFG eスマート・moomooが国内株で先行。","国内手数料無料は、経路や電子交付の条件を伴い得ます。","単元未満株で、100株の単元未満を買えます。","松井は少額の国内価格が有用、moomooはデータと1株購入を提供。","IPOアクセス・調査/スクリーニング・NISA対応を必要に応じて確認します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"cost-units","heading":{"en":"Commissions and odd lots","ja":"手数料と単元未満株"},"body":{"en":["For domestic shares, SBI, Rakuten, Matsui, and Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart offer very low or ¥0 online commissions, though zero-commission programs can require accepting electronic delivery and any smart-order-routing condition. Matsui is particularly attractive for small domestic-stock transactions with free cash trading within a published daily threshold. Read the conditions so \"zero\" is actually zero for your trades.","Odd-lot or fractional-share services (単元未満株) let you buy fewer than one 100-share unit, useful for higher-priced shares or small budgets. moomoo supports one-share Japanese purchases and brings powerful data and charting."],"ja":["国内株では、SBI・楽天・松井・三菱UFJ eスマートが非常に低い・0円のオンライン手数料を提供しますが、無料プログラムは電子交付とスマート注文の条件を要し得ます。松井は、公表された1日の枠内の無料現物取引で、少額の国内株取引に特に魅力的です。「無料」が自分の取引で本当に無料になるよう条件を読みます。","単元未満株サービスで、100株の1単元未満を買え、高株価の銘柄や少額予算に有用です。moomooは1株の日本株購入に対応し、強力なデータとチャートを提供します。"]}},{"id":"research-ipo","heading":{"en":"Research, screening, and IPOs","ja":"調査・スクリーニング・IPO"},"body":{"en":["If you analyse individual Japanese companies, compare research and screening tools and IPO access. Brokers differ in fundamental data, screeners, and how they allocate IPOs (allocation methods and historical rates vary and are not always disclosed). moomoo is strong on data and community; the large brokers offer solid screening; full-service firms have deeper IPO and research resources at higher cost.","For a passive investor using a broad TOPIX or Nikkei index fund, most of this is unnecessary — a low-cost Japan index fund at a mainstream broker suffices. The advanced tools matter for stock pickers, not index buyers."],"ja":["個別の日本企業を分析するなら、調査・スクリーニングツールとIPOアクセスを比べます。会社は、ファンダメンタルデータ・スクリーナー・IPO配分の方法（配分方法と過去の割当率は異なり常に開示されるわけではない）で違います。moomooはデータとコミュニティに強く、大手は堅実なスクリーニングを提供し、フルサービスは高コストでより深いIPO・調査資源を持ちます。","広いTOPIXやNikkeiのインデックス投信を使うパッシブ投資家には、これらの多くは不要です——主流の会社の低コスト日本インデックス投信で十分です。高度なツールは、指数の買い手ではなく銘柄選びの人に重要です。"]}},{"id":"who","heading":{"en":"Active vs long-term users","ja":"アクティブと長期の利用者"},"body":{"en":["Match the broker to how you invest. Active domestic traders value low per-trade costs, fast apps, charting, and screening — SBI, Rakuten, Matsui, and moomoo all fit, with MUFG eSmart strong for ecosystem users. Long-term investors mostly need a cheap, reliable way to buy a broad Japan index fund monthly in NISA, which any mainstream broker handles.","So the \"best\" Japanese-stock broker depends on whether you are trading names or accumulating an index. Decide that first, then compare the features that actually apply to your style."],"ja":["投資の仕方に会社を合わせます。国内のアクティブトレーダーは、低い1取引コスト・速いアプリ・チャート・スクリーニングを重視します——SBI・楽天・松井・moomooがいずれも合い、MUFG eスマートはエコシステム利用者に強いです。長期投資家は主に、NISAで広い日本インデックス投信を毎月安く確実に買う手段が必要で、主流の会社ならどこでも扱います。","よって「最良」の日本株会社は、銘柄を取引するか指数を積み立てるかで決まります。まずそれを決め、自分のスタイルに実際に当てはまる機能を比べます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors buying Japanese shares","Domestic stock traders and index buyers"],"ja":["日本株を買う投資家","国内株トレーダーと指数の買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["Foreign-market-focused investors","Readers wanting stock tips"],"ja":["外国市場中心の投資家","銘柄情報を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Zero-commission domestic trades may require routing/e-delivery consent; verify current terms."],"ja":["国内手数料無料は経路・電子交付の同意を要し得ます。最新条件を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["sbi-fees","matsui-fees","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["investing-in-japanese-stocks","japan-equity-funds","brokerage-fees-compared","best-brokerages-japan"]},{"slug":"brokers-for-small-investments","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Best brokerages for small monthly investments","ja":"少額積立のおすすめ証券会社"},"summary":{"en":"Minimum purchases, fractional shares, recurring mutual funds, points, and avoiding unnecessary trading for ¥100–¥30,000 investors.","ja":"最低購入額、単元未満株、投信積立、ポイント、そして100円〜3万円の投資家が不要な取引を避ける方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"For ¥100–¥30,000 monthly, PayPay, Rakuten, SBI, Monex, and Matsui suit small, app-based investing with low minimums, fractional shares, and recurring mutual funds — but convenience should not override product quality or lead to overtrading tiny positions.","ja":"月100円〜3万円には、PayPay・楽天・SBI・マネックス・松井が、低い最低額・単元未満株・投信積立で少額のアプリ投資に向きます。ただし手軽さで商品の質を犠牲にしたり、少額ポジションを過剰売買したりしないこと。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["PayPay, Rakuten, SBI, Monex, and Matsui suit small, app-based monthly investing.","Fund minimums from ¥100 and fractional shares let you start very small.","Recurring mutual funds automate accumulation; points add a small rebate.","PayPay is strong for very small, app-first purchases (from ~¥100).","Do not overtrade tiny positions — fixed costs and spreads eat small amounts."],"ja":["PayPay・楽天・SBI・マネックス・松井が、少額のアプリ投資に向きます。","100円からの投信最低額と単元未満株で、ごく少額から始められます。","投信積立が資産形成を自動化し、ポイントが小さな割戻しを加えます。","PayPayはごく少額・アプリ優先の購入（約100円から）に強いです。","少額ポジションを過剰売買しないこと——固定費とスプレッドが少額を削ります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"minimums","heading":{"en":"Low minimums and fractional shares","ja":"低い最低額と単元未満株"},"body":{"en":["A small monthly budget is well served by brokers built for it. PayPay Securities allows purchases from around ¥100 in a mobile-first experience; Rakuten, SBI, Monex, and Matsui offer ¥100 fund minimums and recurring purchases. Fractional or odd-lot shares let you buy stocks below a full 100-share unit, so even a modest amount can be invested each month without waiting to accumulate a lump sum.","The point is that ¥5,000–¥30,000 a month is entirely workable everywhere in this shortlist. The differences are in the app experience, the ecosystem, and small details, not in whether small investing is possible."],"ja":["少額の毎月予算は、それ向けに作られた会社によく合います。PayPay証券はモバイル優先の体験で約100円から購入でき、楽天・SBI・マネックス・松井は100円の投信最低額と積立を提供します。単元未満株で100株の1単元未満を買えるため、まとまった額を貯めるのを待たずに、控えめな額でも毎月投資できます。","要点は、月5,000〜3万円がこの候補のどこでも十分に運用できることです。違いは、アプリ体験・エコシステム・細部にあり、少額投資が可能かどうかにはありません。"]}},{"id":"automate","heading":{"en":"Automation and points","ja":"自動化とポイント"},"body":{"en":["For small monthly investing, automation is everything: set a recurring mutual-fund purchase and let it run, so investing needs no monthly decision. At supporting brokers you can fund it with a partner credit card to earn points — a small rebate that is nice when the card already suits you. Put the purchases in NISA so even modest gains stay tax-free.","Choose one diversified low-cost fund as the core rather than spreading tiny amounts across many products. The habit of investing consistently, even ¥5,000, matters far more than the exact broker or a fraction of a percent in points."],"ja":["少額の毎月投資では、自動化がすべてです。投信の積立を設定して走らせれば、投資に毎月の判断が要りません。対応会社では提携カードで決済してポイントを得られます——カードが既に自分に合うとき嬉しい小さな割戻しです。買付をNISAに入れ、控えめな利益も非課税に保ちます。","少額を多数の商品に散らすより、分散された低コスト投信1本を核に選びます。たとえ5,000円でも一貫して投資する習慣が、正確な会社やわずかなポイント差よりはるかに重要です。"]}},{"id":"avoid","heading":{"en":"Avoiding unnecessary trading","ja":"不要な取引を避ける"},"body":{"en":["The main risk for small investors is not the broker — it is behaviour. Overtrading tiny positions, or chasing small thematic bets, lets fixed costs and spreads eat into modest sums, and frequent buying and selling undermines the compounding that makes small, consistent investing powerful. Set the plan and leave it alone.","Also resist letting convenience or points steer you into a worse or costlier fund. The best small-investment broker is simply one with low minimums, easy automation, and your chosen low-cost fund. Once that is set up, the most valuable thing you can do is nothing — keep contributing and let time work."],"ja":["少額投資家の主なリスクは会社ではなく行動です。少額ポジションの過剰売買や小さなテーマへの賭けは、固定費とスプレッドに少額を食わせ、頻繁な売買は、少額の一貫した投資を強力にする複利を損ないます。計画を設定して放置します。","手軽さやポイントで、劣った・高コストの投信に誘導されないようにします。最良の少額投資会社は、単に低い最低額・容易な自動化・選んだ低コスト投信を持つ会社です。設定できたら、最も価値ある行動は「何もしない」ことです——拠出を続け、時間に働かせます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["¥100–¥30,000 monthly investors","App-first small savers"],"ja":["月100円〜3万円の投資家","アプリ優先の少額貯蓄者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Large lump-sum investors","Active traders"],"ja":["大口一括投資家","アクティブトレーダー"]},"warnings":{"en":["Convenience and points should not lead you into a worse fund or into overtrading."],"ja":["手軽さやポイントで、劣った投信や過剰売買に誘導されないように。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-registry","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["small-monthly-budget-investing","brokers-for-beginners","credit-card-investing","best-brokerages-japan"]},{"slug":"brokers-for-active-traders","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Best brokerages for active traders","ja":"アクティブトレーダーのおすすめ証券会社"},"summary":{"en":"Orders and charting, screening, margin and derivatives, extended hours, data, trading costs, and the risks of leverage and overtrading.","ja":"注文とチャート、スクリーニング、信用・デリバティブ、時間外、データ、取引コスト、レバレッジと過剰取引のリスク。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Active traders are best served by IBKR Japan, moomoo, Webull, GMO Click, and SBI for advanced orders, data, margin, and derivatives — but leverage, extended hours, and frequent trading carry higher behavioural, leverage, and tax risks.","ja":"アクティブトレーダーには、高度な注文・データ・信用・デリバティブでIBKR証券・moomoo・Webull・GMOクリック・SBIが向きます。ただしレバレッジ・時間外・頻繁な取引は、行動・レバレッジ・税のリスクを高めます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["IBKR Japan, moomoo, Webull, GMO Click, and SBI suit active trading.","Compare order types, charting, screening, data, extended hours, and margin/derivatives.","Trading costs and spreads matter more when you trade frequently.","Leverage and daily-reset leveraged products carry path-dependency risk.","Overtrading and frequent taxable events can quietly erode returns."],"ja":["IBKR証券・moomoo・Webull・GMOクリック・SBIがアクティブ取引に向きます。","注文種別・チャート・スクリーニング・データ・時間外・信用/デリバティブを比べます。","頻繁に取引するほど、取引コストとスプレッドが重要になります。","レバレッジや日次リセットの商品は、経路依存のリスクを持ちます。","過剰取引と頻繁な課税イベントが、静かにリターンを削り得ます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"tools","heading":{"en":"Tools that matter for active trading","ja":"アクティブ取引に重要なツール"},"body":{"en":["Active traders need capabilities passive investors do not: advanced order types, fast and detailed charting, powerful screening, real-time data, extended-hours trading, and access to margin, futures, or derivatives. Interactive Brokers Japan offers the broadest professional toolset and global markets; moomoo and Webull provide data-heavy, community-oriented platforms; GMO Click is strong for active domestic and derivatives trading; SBI covers a wide range including margin.","Match the platform to your instruments and style — the \"best\" depends on whether you trade Japanese equities, US names, derivatives, or FX, and how much data and order sophistication you need."],"ja":["アクティブトレーダーは、パッシブ投資家が不要な機能を必要とします。高度な注文種別・速く詳細なチャート・強力なスクリーニング・リアルタイムデータ・時間外取引、そして信用・先物・デリバティブへのアクセスです。インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券は最も広いプロ向けツールと全世界市場を、moomooやWebullはデータ重視でコミュニティ志向のプラットフォームを、GMOクリックは国内アクティブ・デリバティブに強く、SBIは信用を含む広い範囲をカバーします。","プラットフォームを商品とスタイルに合わせます——「最良」は、日本株・米国銘柄・デリバティブ・FXのどれを取引し、どれだけのデータと注文の高度さが必要かで決まります。"]}},{"id":"cost","heading":{"en":"Costs when trading often","ja":"頻繁に取引するときのコスト"},"body":{"en":["When you trade frequently, costs compound quickly. Per-trade commissions, FX spreads on foreign trades, bid-ask spreads, and market/regulatory fees all recur with every transaction, so a platform that looks cheap for one trade can be expensive for hundreds. Compare the all-in cost at your expected trade frequency, not just the headline rate.","Frequent trading outside NISA also generates frequent taxable events, complicating records and potentially increasing tax drag. Even inside NISA, active trading uses annual allowance on each repurchase. Cost and tax efficiency deserve as much attention as tools."],"ja":["頻繁に取引すると、コストは急速に積み上がります。1取引の手数料・外国取引のFXスプレッド・売買スプレッド・市場/規制手数料が取引のたびに生じるため、1取引では安く見えるプラットフォームが数百取引では高くなり得ます。表面の率だけでなく、想定する取引頻度での総コストを比べます。","NISA外の頻繁な取引は、頻繁な課税イベントも生み、記録を複雑にし税のマイナスを増やし得ます。NISA内でも、アクティブ取引は買い直しごとに年間枠を使います。コストと税効率は、ツールと同じだけ注目に値します。"]}},{"id":"risks","heading":{"en":"The risks of leverage and overtrading","ja":"レバレッジと過剰取引のリスク"},"body":{"en":["Active trading amplifies risk. Margin and leveraged products magnify both gains and losses, and daily-reset leveraged ETFs carry path dependency that can produce surprising results over time — they are generally unsuitable as long-term core holdings. Extended hours and derivatives add complexity that can outrun a trader’s risk controls.","Beyond the products, the behavioural risk is real: frequent trading tends to underperform patient investing for most people, and the excitement of activity can mask poor after-cost, after-tax results. If you trade actively, size positions so that a bad run cannot wreck your plan, and keep a diversified long-term core separate from any trading sleeve."],"ja":["アクティブ取引はリスクを増幅します。信用やレバレッジ商品は利益も損失も拡大し、日次リセットのレバレッジETFは経路依存を持ち、時間とともに意外な結果を生み得ます——長期の核の保有には一般に不向きです。時間外やデリバティブは、トレーダーのリスク管理を超え得る複雑さを加えます。","商品を超えて、行動面のリスクが現実です。頻繁な取引は、多くの人にとって忍耐強い投資に劣後しがちで、活動の興奮がコスト後・税後の悪い結果を覆い隠し得ます。アクティブに取引するなら、悪い連続が計画を壊せない規模でポジションを取り、分散された長期の核を取引部分と分けて保ちます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Experienced active traders","People needing advanced orders and data"],"ja":["経験豊富なアクティブトレーダー","高度な注文とデータが必要な人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Beginners and passive investors","Anyone tempted by leverage without understanding it"],"ja":["初心者・パッシブ投資家","理解せずレバレッジに惹かれる人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Leverage, extended hours, and frequent trading raise behavioural, leverage, and tax risks; size positions carefully."],"ja":["レバレッジ・時間外・頻繁な取引は行動・レバレッジ・税のリスクを高めます。ポジションは慎重に。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-registry","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["best-brokerages-japan","investment-risk-explained","brokerage-fees-compared"]},{"slug":"sbi-vs-rakuten","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"SBI Securities vs Rakuten Securities","ja":"SBI証券と楽天証券"},"summary":{"en":"The two dominant low-cost brokers compared on products, fees and FX, recurring/card investing, points, and ecosystem fit.","ja":"2大低コスト証券を、商品・手数料とFX・積立/クレカ・ポイント・エコシステムで比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"SBI and Rakuten are the two dominant low-cost brokers with very similar core offerings — broad NISA menus, ¥0 covered NISA trades, 0.495%/US$22 taxable US commission, and recurring/card investing; the decision usually comes down to which ecosystem (SMBC/V Points vs Rakuten) you already use.","ja":"SBIと楽天は、非常に似た中核（広いNISAメニュー・対象NISA取引0円・課税米国株0.495%/22米ドル・積立/クレカ）を持つ2大低コスト証券です。判断は通常、既に使うエコシステム（SMBC/VポイントとRakuten）で決まります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Both offer broad NISA menus, ¥100 minimums, ¥0 covered NISA trades, and recurring/card investing.","Taxable US commission is comparable (about 0.495%, max US$22) with advertised zero USD/JPY spreads.","SBI’s ecosystem centres on SMBC/Olive and V Points; Rakuten’s on Rakuten Card, Bank, and Points.","SBI has very broad markets and products; Rakuten is prized for app usability and integration.","The tie-breaker is usually which ecosystem you already live in."],"ja":["両社とも広いNISAメニュー・100円最低額・対象NISA取引0円・積立/クレカを提供。","課税米国株手数料は同等（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）でドル円スプレッド0円をうたう。","SBIのエコシステムはSMBC/OliveとVポイント、楽天は楽天カード・銀行・ポイント。","SBIは非常に広い市場・商品、楽天はアプリの使いやすさと連携で評価。","決め手は通常、既にどのエコシステムにいるかです。"]},"sections":[{"id":"similar","heading":{"en":"How similar they are","ja":"どれだけ似ているか"},"body":{"en":["SBI and Rakuten are the two default low-cost brokers for self-directed Japanese investors, and their core offerings are strikingly similar. Both provide broad NISA fund menus with ¥100 minimums, ¥0 commissions on NISA-covered domestic and US shares and funds, recurring purchases, credit-card investing, and comparable taxable US-stock pricing (about 0.495%, capped at US$22) with advertised zero real-time USD/JPY spreads.","For a beginner buying a low-cost index fund monthly in NISA, either is an excellent choice, and the practical experience is very close. The differences are at the margins — ecosystem, app feel, and specific product breadth."],"ja":["SBIと楽天は、自分で運用する日本の投資家の既定の2大低コスト証券で、中核の提供は驚くほど似ています。両社とも、100円の最低額の広いNISA投信メニュー、NISA対象の国内・米国株・投信の手数料0円、積立、クレカ積立、そして同等の課税米国株価格（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）とリアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円のうたい文句を提供します。","NISAで低コストインデックス投信を毎月買う初心者には、どちらも優れた選択で、実際の体験は非常に近いです。違いは周辺——エコシステム・アプリの感触・特定商品の広さ——にあります。"]}},{"id":"differences","heading":{"en":"Where they differ","ja":"違いはどこか"},"body":{"en":["The main differentiator is ecosystem. SBI integrates with SMBC/Olive and V Points and card investing through SMBC cards; Rakuten integrates with Rakuten Card, Rakuten Bank, Rakuten Cash, and Rakuten Points. If you already shop, bank, or spend heavily in one of these worlds, that broker’s integration is more convenient and its points more useful to you.","On breadth, SBI is often cited for the widest one-stop product range (many foreign markets, bonds, IPO access), while Rakuten is prized for a polished app and smooth fund accumulation. Both change reward rates and conditions frequently, so treat point rates as a secondary factor."],"ja":["主な差別化はエコシステムです。SBIはSMBC/OliveとVポイント、SMBCカードでのクレカ積立と連携し、楽天は楽天カード・楽天銀行・楽天キャッシュ・楽天ポイントと連携します。既にこれらの世界の一つで買い物・銀行・支出を多くするなら、その会社の連携がより便利でポイントもより有用です。","広さでは、SBIが最も広いワンストップの商品範囲（多くの外国市場・債券・IPOアクセス）でよく挙げられ、楽天は洗練されたアプリと滑らかな投信積立で評価されます。両社とも還元率と条件を頻繁に変えるため、ポイント率は二次的な要因として扱います。"]}},{"id":"choose","heading":{"en":"How to choose","ja":"選び方"},"body":{"en":["Because the core is so close, choose on ecosystem fit and app preference, not on a small point-rate difference that may change next quarter. If you use SMBC/Olive or want the broadest product range, SBI leans ahead; if you live in the Rakuten ecosystem or prefer its app, Rakuten does. Many investors could use either and be well served.","Remember you can only make new NISA purchases at one institution per year, and existing holdings stay if you switch — so pick the one you will happily keep for the long term rather than chasing a temporary promotion."],"ja":["中核が非常に近いため、来四半期に変わり得る小さなポイント率の差ではなく、エコシステムの相性とアプリの好みで選びます。SMBC/Oliveを使う・最も広い商品範囲を望むならSBIがやや有利、楽天エコシステムにいる・アプリを好むなら楽天です。多くの投資家はどちらでも十分満足できます。","新規のNISA買付は年1社のみで、乗り換えても既存保有は残ることを思い出します——一時的なキャンペーンを追うより、長期に喜んで使い続けられる方を選びます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People choosing between SBI and Rakuten","Ecosystem-driven investors"],"ja":["SBIと楽天で迷う人","エコシステム重視の投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["English-only users (see English-support page)","US taxpayers before review"],"ja":["英語のみの利用者（英語対応ページ参照）","確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Point rates and conditions change frequently; decide on long-term fit, not a temporary promotion."],"ja":["ポイント率と条件は頻繁に変わります。一時的なキャンペーンでなく長期の相性で決めてください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["sbi-fees","rakuten-fees","sbi-nisa","rakuten-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["sbi-vs-monex","rakuten-vs-monex","best-brokerages-japan","brokers-for-nisa"]},{"slug":"sbi-vs-monex","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"SBI Securities vs Monex","ja":"SBI証券とマネックス証券"},"summary":{"en":"Product breadth and ecosystem vs research depth, compared on the same dimensions.","ja":"商品の広さとエコシステム対調査の深さを、同じ軸で比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"SBI offers the broadest one-stop product range and the SMBC/V Points ecosystem, while Monex is prized for US-stock research and analytical tools with d Card/d Point integration; both cover NISA, funds, and US stocks well, so the choice turns on breadth vs research and ecosystem.","ja":"SBIは最も広いワンストップの商品範囲とSMBC/Vポイントのエコシステムを、マネックスは米国株の調査・分析ツールとdカード/dポイント連携で評価されます。両社ともNISA・投信・米国株を十分カバーし、選択は広さ対調査とエコシステムで決まります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Both cover NISA, funds, Japanese and US stocks with recurring and card investing.","SBI leads on one-stop product breadth and the SMBC/Olive/V Points ecosystem.","Monex is noted for US-stock research, screening, and analytical tools, plus d Card/d Points.","Taxable US commission is comparable (about 0.495%, max US$22).","Choose SBI for breadth/ecosystem, Monex for research depth."],"ja":["両社ともNISA・投信・日本/米国株を、積立とクレカ積立でカバー。","SBIはワンストップの商品の広さとSMBC/Olive/Vポイントのエコシステムで先行。","マネックスは米国株の調査・スクリーニング・分析ツール、dカード/dポイントで定評。","課税米国株手数料は同等（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）。","広さ/エコシステムならSBI、調査の深さならマネックス。"]},"sections":[{"id":"common","heading":{"en":"Common ground","ja":"共通点"},"body":{"en":["SBI and Monex both cover the essentials well: NISA with broad fund menus and ¥100 minimums, Japanese and US stocks, recurring purchases, credit-card investing, and comparable taxable US-stock pricing (about 0.495%, capped at US$22). For a beginner buying an index fund monthly in NISA, either works, and the core cost and convenience are close.","As with any pair, confirm the exact funds and features you need are supported before deciding — the headline overlap does not guarantee your specific fund or market is covered identically."],"ja":["SBIとマネックスは、基本を十分にカバーします。広い投信メニューと100円最低額のNISA、日本・米国株、積立、クレカ積立、そして同等の課税米国株価格（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）です。NISAでインデックス投信を毎月買う初心者には、どちらでも機能し、中核のコストと利便性は近いです。","どの2社でも、決める前に必要な正確な投信・機能が対応しているか確認します——表面の重なりは、特定の投信や市場が全く同じにカバーされることを保証しません。"]}},{"id":"sbi","heading":{"en":"SBI’s strengths","ja":"SBIの強み"},"body":{"en":["SBI’s edge is breadth and ecosystem. It offers one of the widest one-stop product ranges — many foreign markets, odd lots, bonds, IPO access, and margin — and integrates with SMBC/Olive and V Points, with card investing through SMBC cards. For a cost-conscious investor who wants broad markets in one place and lives in the SMBC/Ponta-adjacent world, SBI is a natural fit.","The trade-off is that its interface can be dense and its conditions complex, which some beginners find overwhelming compared with a more streamlined platform."],"ja":["SBIの強みは広さとエコシステムです。最も広いワンストップの商品範囲の一つ——多くの外国市場・単元未満株・債券・IPOアクセス・信用——を提供し、SMBC/OliveとVポイントに連携し、SMBCカードでクレカ積立ができます。広い市場を一箇所で望み、SMBC近辺の世界にいるコスト重視の投資家には自然な選択です。","トレードオフは、画面が密で条件が複雑になり得ることで、より簡潔なプラットフォームに比べ、一部の初心者は圧倒されると感じます。"]}},{"id":"monex","heading":{"en":"Monex’s strengths","ja":"マネックスの強み"},"body":{"en":["Monex’s edge is research. It is repeatedly noted for strong US-stock research, screening, and analytical tools, plus IPO access, and integrates with d Card and d Points. For an investor who wants to analyse US stocks or values deeper research tools — and who is in the docomo/d ecosystem — Monex is compelling.","So the choice is largely breadth-and-ecosystem (SBI) vs research-depth-and-ecosystem (Monex). Both are strong, reputable brokers; decide based on which strength and which point ecosystem match how you actually invest."],"ja":["マネックスの強みは調査です。米国株の調査・スクリーニング・分析ツールが強いと繰り返し評価され、IPOアクセスもあり、dカード・dポイントと連携します。米国株を分析したい・より深い調査ツールを重視する——そしてdocomo/dエコシステムにいる——投資家には魅力的です。","よって選択は主に、広さとエコシステム（SBI）対調査の深さとエコシステム（マネックス）です。両社とも強く評判の良い会社で、どの強みとどのポイントエコシステムが実際の投資の仕方に合うかで決めます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People choosing between SBI and Monex","US-stock research-oriented investors"],"ja":["SBIとマネックスで迷う人","米国株の調査重視の投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["English-only users","US taxpayers before review"],"ja":["英語のみの利用者","確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Confirm your specific funds, markets, and current terms; strengths do not guarantee identical coverage."],"ja":["自分の投信・市場・最新条件を確認してください。強みは同一のカバーを保証しません。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["sbi-fees","monex-fees","sbi-nisa","monex-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["sbi-vs-rakuten","rakuten-vs-monex","brokers-for-us-stocks","best-brokerages-japan"]},{"slug":"rakuten-vs-monex","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Rakuten Securities vs Monex","ja":"楽天証券とマネックス証券"},"summary":{"en":"Ecosystem and app usability vs research depth, compared on the same dimensions.","ja":"エコシステムとアプリの使いやすさ対調査の深さを、同じ軸で比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Rakuten is prized for app usability and Rakuten-ecosystem integration; Monex for US-stock research and d-ecosystem integration; both cover NISA, funds, and US stocks similarly, so choose on ecosystem and whether you value polish or research.","ja":"楽天はアプリの使いやすさと楽天エコシステム連携、マネックスは米国株の調査とdエコシステム連携で評価されます。両社ともNISA・投信・米国株を同様にカバーするため、エコシステムと、洗練か調査のどちらを重視するかで選びます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Both cover NISA, funds, and US stocks with recurring and card investing.","Rakuten: polished app, Rakuten Card/Bank/Points integration.","Monex: US-stock research and analytical tools, d Card/d Points integration.","Taxable US commission is comparable (about 0.495%, max US$22).","Choose on ecosystem fit and whether you prioritise app polish or research depth."],"ja":["両社ともNISA・投信・米国株を、積立とクレカ積立でカバー。","楽天：洗練されたアプリ、楽天カード/銀行/ポイント連携。","マネックス：米国株の調査・分析ツール、dカード/dポイント連携。","課税米国株手数料は同等（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）。","エコシステムの相性と、アプリの洗練か調査の深さのどちらを優先するかで選びます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"common","heading":{"en":"Common ground","ja":"共通点"},"body":{"en":["Rakuten and Monex both cover NISA with broad fund menus and ¥100 minimums, Japanese and US stocks, recurring purchases, credit-card investing, and comparable taxable US-stock pricing (about 0.495%, capped at US$22). For monthly index-fund accumulation in NISA, either is a solid choice, and the everyday experience is close.","Confirm the exact funds and markets you need before deciding, since the broad overlap does not guarantee identical coverage of your specific products."],"ja":["楽天とマネックスは、広い投信メニューと100円最低額のNISA、日本・米国株、積立、クレカ積立、そして同等の課税米国株価格（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）をカバーします。NISAでの毎月のインデックス投信積立には、どちらも堅実で、日常の体験は近いです。","広い重なりは特定商品の同一カバーを保証しないため、決める前に必要な正確な投信・市場を確認します。"]}},{"id":"rakuten","heading":{"en":"Rakuten’s strengths","ja":"楽天の強み"},"body":{"en":["Rakuten’s edge is a polished, user-friendly app and deep integration with the Rakuten ecosystem — Rakuten Card, Rakuten Bank, Rakuten Cash, and Rakuten Points. If you already shop and bank with Rakuten, funding and points flow smoothly, and the app is widely praised for ease of use, especially for fund accumulation.","For a beginner who values a smooth, intuitive experience and lives in the Rakuten world, Rakuten Securities is a natural home."],"ja":["楽天の強みは、洗練された使いやすいアプリと、楽天エコシステム——楽天カード・楽天銀行・楽天キャッシュ・楽天ポイント——との深い連携です。既に楽天で買い物・銀行をするなら、入金とポイントが滑らかに流れ、アプリは特に投信積立で使いやすさが広く評価されます。","滑らかで直感的な体験を重視し楽天の世界にいる初心者には、楽天証券が自然な拠点です。"]}},{"id":"monex","heading":{"en":"Monex’s strengths","ja":"マネックスの強み"},"body":{"en":["Monex’s edge is research depth, especially for US stocks — screening, analytical tools, and IPO access — with d Card and d Points integration. For an investor who analyses US equities or wants richer research, and who is in the docomo/d ecosystem, Monex is compelling.","So the choice is ecosystem plus emphasis: Rakuten for app polish and the Rakuten world, Monex for research and the d world. Both are strong; pick the one whose ecosystem and strengths match how you invest and spend."],"ja":["マネックスの強みは、特に米国株の調査の深さ——スクリーニング・分析ツール・IPOアクセス——で、dカード・dポイントと連携します。米国株を分析する・より豊かな調査を望む、そしてdocomo/dエコシステムにいる投資家には魅力的です。","よって選択はエコシステムと重点です。アプリの洗練と楽天の世界なら楽天、調査とdの世界ならマネックス。両社とも強く、エコシステムと強みが投資・支出の仕方に合う方を選びます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People choosing between Rakuten and Monex","Ecosystem-driven investors"],"ja":["楽天とマネックスで迷う人","エコシステム重視の投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["English-only users","US taxpayers before review"],"ja":["英語のみの利用者","確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Confirm your specific funds and current terms; broad overlap does not guarantee identical coverage."],"ja":["自分の投信と最新条件を確認してください。広い重なりは同一のカバーを保証しません。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["rakuten-fees","monex-fees","rakuten-nisa","monex-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["sbi-vs-rakuten","sbi-vs-monex","best-brokerages-japan","brokers-for-us-stocks"]},{"slug":"ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"IBKR Japan vs Japanese online brokerages","ja":"IBKR証券と日本のネット証券"},"summary":{"en":"English support and global reach vs simple Japanese fund investing, compared on the same dimensions.","ja":"英語対応と全世界アクセス対、簡単な日本の投信投資を、同じ軸で比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"IBKR Japan wins on verified end-to-end English and the broadest global-market access, while Japanese online brokers (SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui) win on simple low-cost Japanese fund investing and ecosystem integration; the choice depends on language needs and how global and complex you want to be.","ja":"IBKR証券は確認された一貫した英語と最も広い全世界アクセスで、日本のネット証券（SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井）は簡単で低コストの日本の投信投資とエコシステム連携で優れます。選択は、言語の必要性と、どれだけ全世界的・複雑にしたいかで決まります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["IBKR Japan: verified end-to-end English, broadest global markets, professional platform.","Japanese online brokers: simple low-cost fund investing, ¥100 minimums, ecosystem/points.","IBKR suits investors comfortable with cross-border detail; Japanese brokers suit fund accumulators.","Both support NISA, but the fund-accumulation experience is smoother at Japanese brokers.","Choose IBKR for English/global reach, a Japanese broker for the simplest NISA fund plan."],"ja":["IBKR証券：確認された一貫した英語、最も広い全世界市場、プロ向け画面。","日本のネット証券：簡単で低コストの投信投資、100円最低額、エコシステム/ポイント。","IBKRは越境の詳細に慣れた投資家、日本の証券会社は投信積立の人に向きます。","両社ともNISA対応だが、投信積立の体験は日本の証券会社が滑らか。","英語/全世界ならIBKR、最も簡単なNISA投信計画なら日本の証券会社。"]},"sections":[{"id":"ibkr","heading":{"en":"What IBKR Japan does best","ja":"IBKR証券の得意分野"},"body":{"en":["Interactive Brokers Securities Japan is the standout for two things: verified end-to-end English (website, application, trading interface, and support) and the broadest global-market access among the providers covered, including extensive stocks, ETFs, options, futures, bonds, and multiple currencies. It supports NISA for eligible domestic and foreign products, with low professional-market pricing and interbank-style currency execution.","The trade-off is complexity. IBKR is a professional platform whose order choices, market access, and cross-border tax detail can overwhelm someone who simply wants to buy one Japanese index fund each month. It rewards investors comfortable with a sophisticated interface."],"ja":["インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券は2点で際立ちます。確認された一貫した英語（サイト・申込・取引画面・サポート）と、対象の中で最も広い全世界市場アクセス——広範な株式・ETF・オプション・先物・債券・複数通貨を含む——です。対象の国内・外国商品のNISAに対応し、低いプロ向け価格とインターバンク型の通貨執行を持ちます。","トレードオフは複雑さです。IBKRはプロ向けのプラットフォームで、注文の選択・市場アクセス・越境の税務の詳細は、日本のインデックス投信を毎月1本買いたいだけの人を圧倒し得ます。洗練された画面に慣れた投資家に報います。"]}},{"id":"japanese","heading":{"en":"What Japanese brokers do best","ja":"日本の証券会社の得意分野"},"body":{"en":["Japanese online brokers (SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui) excel at the opposite: simple, low-cost Japanese fund investing. ¥100 minimums, one-tap recurring purchases, ¥0 covered NISA trades, credit-card investing, and point ecosystems make monthly accumulation effortless — exactly what most beginners need. Their platforms are streamlined around funds and domestic investing rather than professional global trading.","Their main limitation for some is language: onboarding and support are mainly Japanese, and browser translation does not make the controlling documents English. Foreign-market breadth is also narrower than IBKR’s."],"ja":["日本のネット証券（SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井）は逆に優れます。簡単で低コストの日本の投信投資です。100円の最低額・ワンタップの積立・対象NISA取引0円・クレカ積立・ポイントエコシステムが、毎月の資産形成を容易にします——まさに多くの初心者が必要とするものです。プラットフォームは、プロ向けの全世界取引ではなく投信と国内投資を中心に簡潔です。","一部の人にとっての主な限界は言語です。開設とサポートは主に日本語で、ブラウザ翻訳は有効な書類を英語にしません。外国市場の広さもIBKRより狭いです。"]}},{"id":"choose","heading":{"en":"How to choose","ja":"選び方"},"body":{"en":["The decision is about language and scope. If you need genuine English at every stage, or want the broadest global-market access and are comfortable with a professional platform, IBKR Japan is the verified choice. If your goal is the simplest possible low-cost NISA fund plan and you can handle Japanese documents (with help where needed), a Japanese online broker is smoother and cheaper for that job.","Some investors use both: a Japanese broker for simple NISA fund accumulation and IBKR for broader global trading. Match the tool to the task rather than forcing one platform to do everything."],"ja":["判断は言語と範囲です。すべての段階で本物の英語が必要、または最も広い全世界アクセスを望みプロ向け画面に慣れているなら、IBKR証券が確認済みの選択です。目的が最も簡単な低コストのNISA投信計画で、（必要に応じて助けを借りて）日本語書類を扱えるなら、日本のネット証券がその作業には滑らかで安いです。","両方を使う投資家もいます。簡単なNISA投信積立には日本の証券会社、より広い全世界取引にはIBKRです。一つのプラットフォームにすべてをさせるより、作業に手段を合わせます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["English-dominant or global investors","People weighing simplicity vs global reach"],"ja":["英語中心・全世界の投資家","簡潔さと全世界アクセスを検討する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Beginners wanting only a simple NISA fund plan","US taxpayers before review"],"ja":["簡単なNISA投信計画のみの初心者","確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["IBKR’s professional platform and cross-border detail can overwhelm beginners; Japanese brokers are mainly Japanese-language."],"ja":["IBKRのプロ向け画面と越境の詳細は初心者を圧倒し得ます。日本の証券会社は主に日本語です。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-registry","fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["brokers-english-support","global-investors-japan","best-brokerages-japan","us-stocks-from-japan"]},{"slug":"online-vs-major-traditional-brokers","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Online brokers vs Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, and Mizuho","ja":"ネット証券と野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ"},"summary":{"en":"Low-cost online brokers vs major traditional full-service firms, compared on cost, service, products, and best-fit users.","ja":"低コストのネット証券と大手フルサービスを、コスト・サービス・商品・向く利用者で比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Online brokers win decisively on cost and app usability for self-directed passive investing, while major traditional firms (Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, Mizuho) add advice, branches, bonds, IPOs, and wealth services at much higher commissions — choose online for cost, traditional for complex needs and human support.","ja":"ネット証券は、自分で運用するパッシブ投資でコストとアプリの使いやすさに決定的に優れ、大手（野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ）は、はるかに高い手数料で助言・店舗・債券・IPO・資産サービスを加えます。コストならネット、複雑なニーズと対面ならフルサービスです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Online brokers: near-zero costs, strong apps, ideal for self-directed passive investing.","Major traditional firms: advice, branches, bonds, IPOs, inheritance, and wealth services.","Branch/comprehensive-course commissions can reach ~1–1.4% vs near-zero online.","Traditional firms suit complex, high-net-worth, or advice-seeking investors.","Watch distribution conflicts and demand all-in cost and benchmark comparisons."],"ja":["ネット証券：ほぼ0のコスト・強いアプリ、自分で運用するパッシブ投資に最適。","大手：助言・店舗・債券・IPO・相続・資産サービス。","店舗・総合コースの手数料は、ネットのほぼ0に対し約1〜1.4%に達し得ます。","大手は、複雑・富裕層・助言を求める投資家に向きます。","販売の利益相反に注意し、総コストとベンチマーク比較を求めます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"cost","heading":{"en":"The cost gap","ja":"コストの差"},"body":{"en":["The starkest difference is cost. Online brokers offer near-zero commissions on many trades and very low fund fees, while the major traditional firms — Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, Mizuho — charge substantially more through branches and comprehensive courses, with domestic branch commissions that can reach roughly 1% to over 1.4% with minimum charges. For a routine index-fund purchase, that gap is enormous over a lifetime of investing.","For self-directed passive investing, this makes online brokers the clear default. Paying branch-level commissions to buy the same index fund you could buy for near-zero online is hard to justify on cost alone."],"ja":["最も顕著な違いはコストです。ネット証券は多くの取引でほぼ0の手数料と非常に低い投信費用を提供する一方、大手——野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ——は店舗・総合コースで大幅に高く、国内店舗手数料は最低額付きで約1%〜1.4%超に達し得ます。通常のインデックス投信購入では、投資の生涯にわたりこの差は莫大です。","自分で運用するパッシブ投資には、これがネット証券を明確な既定にします。ネットでほぼ0で買える同じインデックス投信を、店舗水準の手数料で買うのは、コストだけでは正当化しづらいです。"]}},{"id":"service","heading":{"en":"What traditional firms add","ja":"大手が加えるもの"},"body":{"en":["Traditional firms justify their cost through service: human advice, physical branches, deep access to bonds and IPO allocations, inheritance and estate services, and wealth management for high-net-worth clients. For genuinely complex situations — a complicated bond, estate planning, or an investor who values in-person guidance — that service can be worth paying for.","They also handle cases online brokers do not emphasise, and their branches can assist with paperwork and life events. The value is in advice and complexity, not in routine low-cost fund buying."],"ja":["大手はサービスでコストを正当化します。対面助言・店舗、債券とIPO配分への深いアクセス、相続・遺産サービス、富裕層向けの資産運用です。本当に複雑な状況——複雑な債券・相続計画・対面の案内を重視する投資家——には、そのサービスは対価に見合い得ます。","ネット証券が重視しないケースも扱い、店舗は書類やライフイベントを支援できます。価値は助言と複雑さにあり、通常の低コストの投信購入にはありません。"]}},{"id":"choose","heading":{"en":"Who each suits","ja":"それぞれ向く人"},"body":{"en":["For most self-directed investors building a low-cost index portfolio, an online broker is the right default — cheaper, more convenient, and entirely sufficient. Reserve a traditional firm for specific complex needs (bonds, IPOs, inheritance, wealth management) or if you genuinely value human advice and branch support enough to pay for it.","If you do use a traditional firm, watch for distribution conflicts: adviser compensation is not neutral, so demand the explicit all-in cost and a benchmark comparison for any recommendation. Many investors self-direct online and engage a traditional firm only for the specific services that justify the cost."],"ja":["低コストのインデックスポートフォリオを組む多くの自分で運用する投資家には、ネット証券が正しい既定です——安く、便利で、完全に十分です。大手は、特定の複雑なニーズ（債券・IPO・相続・資産運用）や、対面助言と店舗支援に対価を払うほど本当に価値を感じる場合に取っておきます。","大手を使うなら、販売の利益相反に注意します。アドバイザーの報酬は中立でないため、どの推奨にも総コストとベンチマーク比較の明示を求めます。多くの投資家はネットで自分で運用し、コストを正当化する特定のサービスにのみ大手を使います。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People weighing online vs full-service firms","Investors with complex needs"],"ja":["ネットとフルサービスを検討する人","複雑なニーズがある投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers set on the cheapest option only","Active traders"],"ja":["最安のみを求める読者","アクティブトレーダー"]},"warnings":{"en":["Traditional commissions are far higher; adviser incentives can conflict — demand all-in cost and benchmarks."],"ja":["大手の手数料ははるかに高く、アドバイザーの誘因は相反し得ます——総コストとベンチマークを求めてください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["nomura-fees","fsa-registry"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["online-vs-full-service-brokers","advised-investing-japan","best-brokerages-japan","brokerage-fees-compared"]},{"slug":"nisa-open-account","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How to open a NISA account","ja":"NISA口座の開き方"},"summary":{"en":"Selecting a brokerage, documents and My Number, tax-authority confirmation, processing stages, and troubleshooting rejections.","ja":"証券会社の選択、書類とマイナンバー、税務署確認、処理段階、却下の対処。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"To open NISA, choose one brokerage, provide identity and My Number evidence and tax-residency declarations, and wait for the tax authority to confirm you have no other active NISA before purchasing; most rejections come from name mismatches or a duplicate NISA.","ja":"NISA開設は、1社を選び、本人確認・マイナンバー・税務上の居住地の申告を提出し、他に有効なNISAがないことを税務署が確認するのを待ってから買付します。却下の多くは氏名不一致やNISA重複から生じます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["You open NISA at one brokerage; only one institution takes new purchases per year.","Provide identity, My Number, address, and Japanese/foreign tax-residency declarations.","The broker validates with the tax authority that you have no other active NISA.","Some firms allow provisional trading before final confirmation; treatment of duplicates differs.","Common rejections: name mismatch, short document validity, or a duplicate NISA."],"ja":["NISAは1社で開設。新規買付は年1社のみです。","本人確認・マイナンバー・住所・日本/外国の税務上の居住地を申告します。","証券会社が、他に有効なNISAがないことを税務署と照合します。","確認前の仮取引を認める会社もあり、重複時の扱いは異なります。","よくある却下：氏名不一致・書類の有効期間の短さ・NISA重複。"]},"sections":[{"id":"select","heading":{"en":"Selecting a brokerage","ja":"証券会社の選択"},"body":{"en":["NISA lives at a brokerage, so the first step is choosing one — and since only one institution can receive your new NISA purchases in a given year, choose for the long term. Compare the eligible fund menu, NISA transaction charges, recurring-purchase controls, foreign-stock support if you need it, and ecosystem fit. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui are the usual shortlist for a self-directed resident.","Do not choose on a temporary point promotion; you can change institutions by year, but existing holdings stay at the old broker, so switching is not seamless. Pick a broker you will happily keep."],"ja":["NISAは証券会社にあるため、最初の一歩は選ぶことです——新規のNISA買付ができるのはその年1社のみのため、長期で選びます。対象投信メニュー・NISA取引手数料・積立設定・必要なら外国株対応・エコシステムの相性を比べます。自分で運用する居住者には、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井が定番の候補です。","一時的なポイントキャンペーンで選ばないこと。年単位で機関を変えられますが、既存保有は旧社に残るため乗り換えは滑らかではありません。喜んで使い続けられる会社を選びます。"]}},{"id":"documents","heading":{"en":"Documents and confirmation","ja":"書類と確認"},"body":{"en":["Prepare identity evidence (My Number Card, residence card, driver’s licence, or passport in an accepted combination), My Number evidence, your Japanese address, and Japanese and foreign tax-residency declarations. You also link a Japanese bank account in your own name. The financial institution then validates NISA information with the tax authorities to confirm you do not already have an active NISA relationship for the same year.","Some firms permit provisional trading before final confirmation, but the timing and treatment if a duplicate is found differ. Processing time ranges from same-day provisional access to several weeks depending on documents and tax-authority confirmation."],"ja":["本人確認書類（マイナンバーカード・在留カード・運転免許証・パスポートの認められた組み合わせ）、マイナンバー、日本の住所、日本と外国の税務上の居住地の申告を準備します。本人名義の日本の銀行口座も連携します。金融機関は税務署とNISA情報を照合し、同じ年に既に有効なNISA関係がないことを確認します。","確認前の仮取引を認める会社もありますが、重複が見つかった場合のタイミングと扱いは異なります。処理時間は、書類と税務署の確認により、即日の仮アクセスから数週間まで幅があります。"]}},{"id":"troubleshoot","heading":{"en":"Troubleshooting","ja":"対処"},"body":{"en":["Most opening problems come from a few causes: a name mismatch across the residence card, bank record, and application; short document validity; a duplicate NISA at another institution; or a failed identity verification. If you have NISA elsewhere, you generally need transfer or abolition documents before opening a new one, since only one institution can take new purchases per year.","Fix the specific cause and reapply: align your name everywhere, renew a soon-to-expire card, and resolve any duplicate NISA. Never send identity documents through an unverified link — go through the broker’s official channel only."],"ja":["開設の問題の多くは少数の原因から生じます。在留カード・銀行記録・申込書の間の氏名不一致、書類の有効期間の短さ、他機関でのNISA重複、本人確認の失敗です。他社でNISAがあるなら、新規開設の前に通常、移管・廃止書類が必要です。新規買付ができるのは年1社のみだからです。","具体的な原因を直して再申込します。氏名をどこでも一致させ、期限の近いカードを更新し、NISA重複を解消します。未確認リンクから本人確認書類を送らず、会社の公式チャネルのみを使います。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People opening their first NISA","Applicants troubleshooting a rejection"],"ja":["初めてNISAを開く人","却下を対処する申込者"]},"notFor":{"en":["US taxpayers before PFIC review","Non-residents"],"ja":["PFIC確認前の米国納税者","非居住者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Only one institution takes new NISA purchases per year; never send documents through an unverified link."],"ja":["新規NISA買付は年1社のみ。未確認リンクから書類を送らないでください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-eligibility"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["nisa-choose-broker","nisa-complete-guide","opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","brokers-for-nisa"]},{"slug":"nisa-choose-broker","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How to choose a NISA brokerage","ja":"NISA金融機関の選び方"},"summary":{"en":"Product availability, fund and foreign-stock support, fees and FX, recurring purchases, card investing, language, and departure policy.","ja":"商品の取扱、投信・外国株対応、手数料とFX、積立、クレカ積立、言語、出国方針。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Choose a NISA brokerage on the eligible fund lineup, foreign-stock support, NISA fees and FX, recurring and card-investing controls, language, foreign-resident acceptance, and departure policy — not on a temporary point rate, because you keep the broker long-term.","ja":"NISA金融機関は、対象投信のラインナップ・外国株対応・NISA手数料とFX・積立とクレカ積立・言語・外国人受入・出国方針で選びます。長期に使い続けるため、一時的なポイント率では選びません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Start with the eligible fund lineup and whether your intended fund is offered in the allowance you want.","Check foreign-stock support in NISA if you need it — it is broker-specific.","Compare NISA fees, FX, recurring-purchase controls, and card/point integration.","For foreign residents, confirm acceptance, language support, and departure policy.","Choose for the long term — switching keeps old holdings at the old broker."],"ja":["まず対象投信のラインナップと、意図する投信が望む枠で提供されるかを確認。","必要なら、NISAでの外国株対応を確認——会社ごとです。","NISA手数料・FX・積立設定・カード/ポイント連携を比べます。","外国人居住者は、受入・言語対応・出国方針を確認します。","長期で選びます——乗り換えても旧保有は旧社に残ります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"products","heading":{"en":"Product availability first","ja":"まず商品の取扱"},"body":{"en":["The most important criterion is whether the broker carries what you intend to buy, in the allowance you intend. Confirm your target fund is on the FSA list and offered by the broker for the tsumitate or growth allowance, and that recurring purchases are supported. If you want individual Japanese shares, REITs, or foreign stocks in the growth allowance, check that specific support — foreign-stock availability in NISA is broker-specific and not automatic.","A broker with a huge menu is only useful if it includes your chosen low-cost fund. Verify the specific product before weighing anything else."],"ja":["最も重要な基準は、意図する商品を、意図する枠で会社が扱うかです。対象の投信がFSAリストにあり、つみたてか成長投資枠で会社が提供し、積立に対応しているか確認します。成長投資枠で個別の日本株・REIT・外国株を望むなら、その具体的な対応を確認します——NISAでの外国株対応は会社ごとで自動ではありません。","膨大なメニューは、選んだ低コスト投信を含む場合にのみ有用です。他を検討する前に、具体的な商品を確認します。"]}},{"id":"cost-service","heading":{"en":"Cost, FX, and integrations","ja":"コスト・FX・連携"},"body":{"en":["Next compare cost and convenience: NISA transaction charges (usually ¥0 on covered domestic and US products at the big brokers), FX terms if you buy foreign securities, recurring-purchase controls, and credit-card/point integration if you value it. Remember that even in NISA, foreign dividends carry source-country withholding and FX spreads recur, so FX terms matter for global investors.","Weight promotional point rates low — they change and can be outweighed by card annual fees. Convenience and ecosystem integration are legitimate tie-breakers, but only after product availability and cost."],"ja":["次にコストと利便性を比べます。NISA取引手数料（大手では対象の国内・米国商品は通常0円）、外国証券を買うならFX条件、積立設定、重視するならクレカ/ポイント連携です。NISA内でも外国配当は源泉地国の課税を伴い、FXスプレッドは繰り返し生じるため、全世界投資家にはFX条件が重要です。","ポイントのキャンペーン率は低めに評価します——変わりやすくカード年会費で相殺され得ます。利便性とエコシステム連携は正当な決め手ですが、商品の取扱とコストの後です。"]}},{"id":"foreign-departure","heading":{"en":"Foreign residents and departure","ja":"外国人居住者と出国"},"body":{"en":["If you are a foreign resident, add three checks: does the broker accept your nationality and residence status; is English support available at the stages you need (opening, tax documents, incidents); and what is its non-resident/departure policy if you might leave Japan. These can differ from the tax rule and are easy to overlook until they matter.","Because you keep a NISA broker for the long term — switching leaves existing holdings at the old firm — factor in continuity. The best NISA broker is the one that carries your funds, accepts your status, fits your budget, and you can see yourself using for years."],"ja":["外国人居住者なら、3点を加えます。会社が国籍・在留資格を受け入れるか、必要な段階（開設・税書類・トラブル）で英語対応があるか、出国し得るなら非居住者/出国方針は。これらは税法と異なり得て、重要になるまで見落としがちです。","NISAの会社は長期に使い続けるため——乗り換えると既存保有は旧社に残る——継続性も考慮します。最良のNISA会社は、自分の投信を扱い、状況を受け入れ、予算に合い、何年も使う姿を描ける会社です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People choosing where to open NISA","Foreign residents comparing NISA brokers"],"ja":["NISAをどこで開くか選ぶ人","NISA金融機関を比べる外国人居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["US taxpayers before review","Readers wanting one universal pick"],"ja":["確認前の米国納税者","唯一の万能な選択を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["You keep a NISA broker long-term; choose on products and cost, not a temporary point rate."],"ja":["NISAの会社は長期に使います。一時的なポイント率でなく商品とコストで選んでください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-eligibility"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["nisa-open-account","brokers-for-nisa","nisa-change-broker","choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},{"slug":"nisa-change-broker","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Changing your NISA brokerage","ja":"NISA金融機関の変更"},"summary":{"en":"The one-institution rule, deadlines and documents, existing holdings, why NISA assets are not transferred, and a transition checklist.","ja":"年1社の原則、期限と書類、既存保有、NISA資産が移管されない理由、移行チェックリスト。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"You can generally change your NISA institution by year, but only one institution receives new purchases per year, existing holdings stay at the old broker in that NISA relationship, and change/abolition documents must be filed on deadline — start well before year-end.","ja":"原則としてNISA金融機関は年単位で変えられますが、新規買付ができるのは年1社のみで、既存保有はそのNISA関係のまま旧社に残り、変更・廃止書類を期限までに提出する必要があります——年末の十分前に始めます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Only one institution receives new NISA purchases per year; changes generally apply by year.","Whether you already purchased that year affects when a change can take effect.","Existing NISA holdings stay at the old broker — they are not transferred into the new NISA.","Selling old holdings restores lifetime capacity next year, usable only at the new institution.","File change/abolition documents on deadline; start well before year-end."],"ja":["新規NISA買付は年1社のみ。変更は原則年単位で適用されます。","その年に既に買付したかが、変更の適用時期に影響します。","既存のNISA保有は旧社に残ります——新NISAへは移管されません。","旧保有を売ると翌年に生涯枠が復活し、新機関でのみ使えます。","変更・廃止書類を期限までに提出。年末の十分前に始めます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rule","heading":{"en":"The one-institution rule","ja":"年1社の原則"},"body":{"en":["For any given year, only one institution can receive your new NISA purchases, but you may generally change the institution by year. A crucial detail: whether you have already made a NISA purchase in the current year affects when a change can take effect — often a change applies from the following year if you have already bought. Deadlines and forms are institution-specific.","So changing NISA brokers is possible but governed by calendar-year timing and prior-purchase rules. Plan around them rather than assuming you can switch instantly mid-year."],"ja":["ある年について、新規のNISA買付ができるのは1社のみですが、原則として年単位で機関を変えられます。重要な点として、その年に既にNISAで買付したかが、変更の適用時期に影響します——既に買っていれば、変更は翌年からのことが多いです。期限と書式は会社ごとです。","よってNISA金融機関の変更は可能ですが、暦年のタイミングと事前買付の規則に従います。年の途中で即座に切り替えられると考えず、それに沿って計画します。"]}},{"id":"holdings","heading":{"en":"Existing holdings do not move","ja":"既存保有は移らない"},"body":{"en":["The most important misunderstanding to avoid: your existing NISA holdings normally remain at the old institution in that NISA relationship — they are not transferred into the new institution’s NISA. Changing brokers changes where you make new purchases, not where your old assets live. So after a change you may hold NISA assets at two firms, keeping records for both.","If you want to consolidate, selling old holdings restores their acquisition cost to your lifetime capacity from the following year, but that restored capacity is usable only through the institution authorised for new purchases that year — and selling has market and timing consequences. Do not sell merely to \"transfer.\""],"ja":["避けるべき最も重要な誤解：既存のNISA保有は通常、そのNISA関係のまま旧機関に残ります——新機関のNISAへは移管されません。会社を変えても、新規買付の場所が変わるだけで、旧資産の場所は変わりません。よって変更後は、2社にNISA資産を持ち、両方の記録を保つことがあります。","集約したいなら、旧保有を売ると翌年から取得価額が生涯枠に復活しますが、その復活枠はその年の新規買付を認められた機関でのみ使え——売却は市場とタイミングの影響を伴います。「移管」のためだけに売らないでください。"]}},{"id":"checklist","heading":{"en":"A transition checklist","ja":"移行チェックリスト"},"body":{"en":["Plan a change carefully. Start well before year-end, because deadlines and documents (change and, where relevant, abolition notices) take time. Stop and record any recurring orders at the old broker. Ask both institutions for the current sequence and required forms. Keep confirmations, and verify the new NISA account is active before placing new orders there.","Do not sell holdings solely to move them without checking tax and market consequences, and remember new purchases cannot be duplicated across institutions in the same year. A little planning prevents a gap in your investing or an accidental duplicate."],"ja":["変更は慎重に計画します。期限と書類（変更、該当すれば廃止の通知）に時間がかかるため、年末の十分前に始めます。旧社の積立注文を止めて記録します。両機関に最新の手順と必要書式を確認します。確認書を保管し、新NISA口座が有効になってから新規注文を出します。","税と市場への影響を確認せず、移すためだけに保有を売らないこと。そして新規買付は同じ年に機関をまたいで重複できない点を思い出します。少しの計画が、投資の空白や偶発的な重複を防ぎます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People moving their NISA to a new broker","Investors consolidating accounts"],"ja":["NISAを新しい会社へ移す人","口座を集約する投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["First-time NISA openers (see open-account)","US taxpayers before review"],"ja":["初めてNISAを開く人（開設ページ参照）","確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Existing holdings stay at the old broker; do not sell solely to \"transfer\" without checking consequences."],"ja":["既存保有は旧社に残ります。影響を確認せず「移管」のためだけに売らないでください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-eligibility"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["nisa-choose-broker","nisa-complete-guide","nisa-selling-and-reuse","investment-records-and-statements"]},{"slug":"recurring-investment-allowance","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"The NISA recurring-investment allowance","ja":"NISAのつみたて投資枠"},"summary":{"en":"Eligible product restrictions, monthly and bonus-month investing, suitable investors, the ¥1.2m limit, and verifying fund eligibility.","ja":"対象商品の制限、毎月・ボーナス月の投資、向く投資家、120万円の上限、対象確認。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The recurring-investment allowance (つみたて投資枠) allows up to ¥1.2m per year into FSA-screened long-term diversified funds and qualifying ETFs — ideal for automated monthly accumulation; verify eligibility by exact fund name at the FSA list and your broker.","ja":"つみたて投資枠は、FSAが選定した長期・分散型の投信と対象ETFに年120万円まで投資でき、自動の毎月積立に最適です。対象はFSAリストと証券会社で正確なファンド名により確認します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Up to ¥1.2m per year, restricted to FSA-listed long-term, diversified funds and qualifying ETFs.","Designed for automated recurring accumulation — ¥100,000/month if spread evenly.","Bonus-month settings let you weight contributions unevenly within the annual limit.","Individual stocks are not eligible in this allowance (use the growth allowance).","Verify eligibility by exact fund name and share class at the FSA list and your broker."],"ja":["年120万円まで、FSA掲載の長期・分散型投信と対象ETFに限定。","自動の積立向けに設計——均等なら月10万円。","ボーナス月設定で、年間上限内で拠出を不均等に配分できます。","この枠では個別株は対象外です（成長投資枠を使います）。","対象はFSAリストと証券会社で、正確なファンド名・区分により確認します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"eligible","heading":{"en":"Eligible products","ja":"対象商品"},"body":{"en":["The recurring-investment allowance deliberately restricts choice to encourage low-cost, long-term, diversified investing. Only the investment trusts and qualifying ETFs the FSA has screened onto its published list are eligible — broadly, funds with reasonable costs, wide diversification, and long-term structures. Individual stocks, REITs, and most non-listed products are not eligible here; those belong in the growth allowance.","Because the list is curated for suitability, a beginner can reasonably pick a single broad global-equity index fund from it. But the list changes, so verify the current version by exact fund name and share class."],"ja":["つみたて投資枠は、低コスト・長期・分散の投資を促すため、あえて選択肢を絞ります。対象は、FSAが選定して公表したリストにある投信と対象ETFのみ——概ね、費用が妥当で広く分散され長期の構造を持つ投信です。個別株・REIT・多くの非上場商品はここでは対象外で、成長投資枠に入ります。","リストは適合性の観点で選ばれているため、初心者はその中から広範な全世界株式インデックス投信を1本選べます。ただしリストは変わるため、正確なファンド名・区分で最新版を確認します。"]}},{"id":"how","heading":{"en":"Monthly and bonus-month investing","ja":"毎月・ボーナス月の投資"},"body":{"en":["The ¥1.2m annual limit works out to ¥100,000 per month if you spread it evenly, which suits automated monthly accumulation — set a recurring purchase and let it run. Many brokers also offer bonus-month settings, letting you invest more in certain months (for example when a bonus arrives) while staying within the ¥1.2m annual cap.","This allowance is ideal for the standard beginner plan: one low-cost diversified fund, bought automatically each month. It removes the monthly decision and builds the habit that makes long-term investing work."],"ja":["年120万円の上限は、均等に配分すると月10万円になり、自動の毎月積立に向きます——積立を設定して走らせます。多くの会社はボーナス月設定も提供し、年120万円の上限内で、特定の月（例：賞与時）に多く投資できます。","この枠は標準の初心者の計画に最適です。低コストの分散された投信1本を毎月自動で買います。毎月の判断をなくし、長期投資を機能させる習慣を作ります。"]}},{"id":"verify","heading":{"en":"Suitable investors and verification","ja":"向く投資家と確認"},"body":{"en":["This allowance suits almost everyone accumulating for the long term, and especially beginners and small monthly investors, because its screened, low-cost, diversified universe makes a bad first choice hard. If you want individual stocks or a wider fund range, use the growth allowance alongside it — the two can be used together up to ¥3.6m a year.","Before buying, verify eligibility by exact fund name and share class against the FSA’s current list, and confirm your broker offers it for recurring purchase. US taxpayers should add a separate PFIC step: Japanese eligibility says nothing about US tax treatment."],"ja":["この枠は、長期で資産形成するほぼ全員、特に初心者と少額の毎月投資家に向きます。選定された低コストで分散された対象範囲が、悪い最初の選択を難しくするためです。個別株やより広い投信範囲を望むなら、併せて成長投資枠を使います——両枠は年360万円まで併用できます。","購入前に、正確なファンド名・区分をFSAの最新リストと照合して対象を確認し、会社が積立で提供するか確認します。米国納税者は別途PFICの段階を加えます——日本での対象可否は米国税の扱いを何も語りません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Monthly accumulators and beginners","People automating fund purchases"],"ja":["毎月積み立てる人・初心者","投信積立を自動化する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Individual-stock buyers (use growth allowance)","US taxpayers before PFIC review"],"ja":["個別株の買い手（成長投資枠を使用）","PFIC確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["The FSA eligible-fund list changes; verify by exact fund name and share class before buying."],"ja":["FSAの対象投信リストは変わります。購入前に正確なファンド名・区分で確認してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund","nisa-eligibility"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["nisa-limits-and-allowances","growth-investment-allowance","nisa-eligible-investments","nisa-complete-guide"]},{"slug":"growth-investment-allowance","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"The NISA growth-investment allowance","ja":"NISAの成長投資枠"},"summary":{"en":"Eligible shares, ETFs, REITs, and funds; ineligible securities; the ¥2.4m annual and ¥12m lifetime sub-limits; and foreign-stock support.","ja":"対象の株式・ETF・REIT・投信、対象外の証券、年240万円・生涯1,200万円の枠、外国株対応。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The growth-investment allowance (成長投資枠) allows up to ¥2.4m per year — within a ¥12m lifetime sub-limit — for eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and funds, but excludes supervisory/liquidation stocks, sub-20-year, monthly-distribution, and derivative-heavy funds; foreign-stock support is broker-specific.","ja":"成長投資枠は、対象の上場株式・REIT・ETF・投信に年240万円まで（生涯枠1,200万円の範囲内）投資できますが、監理・整理銘柄、信託20年未満、毎月分配型、デリバティブ多用型は除きます。外国株対応は会社ごとです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Up to ¥2.4m per year, within a ¥12m lifetime sub-limit (part of the ¥18m total).","Eligible: individual listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and a wider set of funds.","Excluded: supervisory/liquidation stocks, sub-20-year, monthly-distribution, and derivative-heavy funds.","Foreign-stock support in NISA is broker-specific and not automatic.","You can use it alongside the recurring allowance, up to ¥3.6m a year combined."],"ja":["年240万円まで、生涯枠1,200万円の範囲内（1,800万円の一部）。","対象：個別の上場株式・REIT・ETF・より広い投信。","除外：監理・整理銘柄、信託20年未満、毎月分配型、デリバティブ多用型。","NISAでの外国株対応は会社ごとで自動ではありません。","つみたて枠と併用でき、合計年360万円まで。"]},"sections":[{"id":"eligible","heading":{"en":"What you can buy","ja":"買えるもの"},"body":{"en":["The growth-investment allowance is the broader of the two NISA frames. It allows eligible individual listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and a wider set of investment trusts than the recurring allowance — so this is where you buy a specific Japanese stock, a J-REIT, or a fund not on the tsumitate list. You can use it alongside the recurring allowance, for a combined ¥3.6m a year.","The annual limit is ¥2.4m, and it sits within a ¥12m lifetime sub-limit — no more than ¥12m of your ¥18m lifetime acquisition-cost capacity can be growth-allowance holdings. The remaining lifetime room can be filled through either allowance."],"ja":["成長投資枠は、NISAの2つの枠のうち広い方です。対象の個別上場株式・REIT・ETF・つみたて枠より広い投信を買えます——特定の日本株・J-REIT・つみたてリスト外の投信を買うのはここです。つみたて枠と併用でき、合計年360万円です。","年間上限は240万円で、生涯枠1,200万円の範囲内にあります——生涯の取得価額枠1,800万円のうち、成長投資枠の保有は1,200万円までです。残りの生涯枠は、どちらの枠でも埋められます。"]}},{"id":"excluded","heading":{"en":"What is excluded","ja":"除外されるもの"},"body":{"en":["Several things are excluded to keep NISA aligned with long-term investing. The growth allowance does not include designated supervisory or liquidation stocks, investment trusts with terms shorter than 20 years, monthly-distribution funds, or certain derivative-heavy funds. Across both allowances, ordinary deposits, government and corporate bonds, and margin purchases are outside NISA entirely.","So the growth allowance is broad but not unlimited: it targets mainstream long-term investments, not high-turnover or income-maximising products. Confirm a specific security’s eligibility rather than assuming."],"ja":["NISAを長期投資に沿わせるため、いくつかが除外されます。成長投資枠は、監理・整理銘柄、信託期間20年未満の投信、毎月分配型、一部のデリバティブ多用型を含みません。両枠を通じて、普通預金・国債・社債・信用取引はNISAの完全に外です。","よって成長投資枠は広いが無制限ではありません。高回転や収益最大化の商品ではなく、主流の長期投資を対象とします。思い込まず、特定の証券の対象可否を確認します。"]}},{"id":"foreign","heading":{"en":"Individual stocks vs funds, and foreign support","ja":"個別株と投信、外国対応"},"body":{"en":["The growth allowance lets you choose between funds and individual securities. Most investors keep a diversified low-cost fund as the core and use individual stocks only as a deliberate, limited sleeve, because a single company can suffer permanent loss. If you buy dividend-paying shares, ETFs, or REITs, select the proportional allocation method so the dividends stay tax-free in NISA.","Foreign stocks and ETFs can be held in the growth allowance when your broker supports them and the security is eligible — but this is broker-specific and not automatic just because a security is exchange-listed. Foreign dividends still carry source-country withholding, and US taxpayers must analyse PFIC treatment separately."],"ja":["成長投資枠では、投信と個別証券のどちらも選べます。多くの投資家は分散された低コスト投信を核に保ち、個別株は意図的で限定的な部分としてのみ使います。1社が恒久的損失を被り得るためです。配当のある株式・ETF・REITを買うなら、NISAで配当を非課税に保つため株式数比例配分方式を選びます。","外国株・ETFは、会社が対応し銘柄が対象なら成長投資枠で保有できます——ただし会社ごとで、上場しているだけで自動的に対象になるわけではありません。外国配当は源泉地国の課税を伴い、米国納税者はPFICの扱いを別途分析する必要があります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors buying individual stocks/ETFs in NISA","People using both NISA allowances"],"ja":["NISAで個別株・ETFを買う投資家","両方のNISA枠を使う人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Pure fund accumulators (recurring allowance suffices)","US taxpayers before PFIC review"],"ja":["投信積立のみの人（つみたて枠で十分）","PFIC確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Eligibility and foreign-stock support are broker-specific and change; confirm each security before buying."],"ja":["対象可否と外国株対応は会社ごとで変わります。購入前に各証券を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-eligibility"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["recurring-investment-allowance","nisa-limits-and-allowances","nisa-eligible-investments","investing-in-japanese-stocks"]},{"slug":"nisa-for-foreign-residents","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"NISA for foreign residents","ja":"外国人居住者のためのNISA"},"summary":{"en":"Residence-based eligibility, residence-card and My Number requirements, nationality restrictions, online vs postal opening, language, and leaving Japan.","ja":"在留基準の資格、在留カードとマイナンバー、国籍制限、オンラインと郵送の開設、言語、出国。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A qualifying foreign resident can open NISA — eligibility is residence-based, not nationality-based — with a residence card and My Number, though some brokers require postal opening for foreign nationals, impose nationality restrictions, and NISA generally cannot continue after you leave Japan.","ja":"要件を満たす外国人居住者はNISAを開けます——資格は国籍ではなく在留基準です——在留カードとマイナンバーが必要で、外国籍に郵送開設を求める・国籍制限を課す会社もあり、NISAは出国後は原則継続できません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["NISA eligibility is residence-based: a qualifying Japan resident can open it regardless of nationality.","You need a residence card and My Number; a matching Japanese bank account is required.","Some brokers impose nationality restrictions or require postal (not online) opening.","Language support varies; SBI, Monex, Rakuten, and Matsui publish foreign-resident procedures.","NISA generally cannot continue after you become non-resident — plan before you leave."],"ja":["NISAの資格は在留基準：要件を満たす日本居住者は国籍を問わず開けます。","在留カードとマイナンバーが必要で、一致する名義の日本の銀行口座も必要です。","国籍制限を課す・オンラインでなく郵送開設を求める会社もあります。","言語対応は様々。SBI・マネックス・楽天・松井が外国人向け手続を公表。","NISAは非居住者になると原則継続できません——出国前に計画します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"eligibility","heading":{"en":"Residence-based eligibility","ja":"在留基準の資格"},"body":{"en":["NISA eligibility turns on being a Japan resident, not on holding Japanese nationality. A qualifying foreign national residing in Japan can therefore open NISA, subject to the institution’s identity, visa, residence-card, tax-residency, sanctions, and product policies. Dual nationality by itself does not disqualify a resident, though another country may still tax NISA income or require reporting.","You will need a residence card, My Number evidence, a Japanese address, tax-residency declarations, and a Japanese bank account in your own name. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui publish procedures accepting residence-card documentation."],"ja":["NISAの資格は、日本国籍ではなく日本居住者であることで決まります。要件を満たす在日外国籍の人は、各社の本人確認・在留資格・在留カード・税務上の居住地・制裁・商品方針に従い、NISAを開けます。二重国籍だけでは失格になりませんが、別の国がNISA所得に課税・報告を求めることはあります。","在留カード・マイナンバー・日本の住所・税務上の居住地の申告・本人名義の日本の銀行口座が必要です。SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井が在留カード書類を受け付ける手続を公表しています。"]}},{"id":"restrictions","heading":{"en":"Restrictions and opening path","ja":"制限と開設経路"},"body":{"en":["Broker policies can be stricter than the tax statute. Some accept residence-card documentation fully online; others require postal processing for foreign nationals, which is slower. Certain nationalities, sanctioned-country connections, or politically exposed status can trigger enhanced review or rejection, and US persons face FATCA declarations and product restrictions. These matrices are rarely published in full, so confirm your specific case.","Name consistency is the most common practical hurdle: align your name across the residence card, bank account, and application, since a mismatch is the top cause of rejection or failed bank linkage."],"ja":["各社の方針は税法より厳しいことがあります。在留カード書類で完全オンライン開設できる会社もあれば、外国籍に郵送手続を要し遅い会社もあります。特定の国籍・制裁対象国との関係・重要な公的地位は強化審査や却下を招き得て、米国関係者はFATCA申告と商品制限に直面します。これらの一覧が完全に公表されることはまれのため、自分の具体的なケースを確認します。","氏名の一致が最も多い実務上の障壁です。在留カード・銀行口座・申込書で氏名を一致させます。不一致は、却下や銀行連携失敗の最大の原因です。"]}},{"id":"departure","heading":{"en":"Language and leaving Japan","ja":"言語と出国"},"body":{"en":["Confirm English support at each stage you need it — opening, trading, tax documents, and incidents — not just on a marketing page; most foreign-resident-friendly brokers onboard mainly in Japanese, and browser translation does not make the controlling documents English. If genuine English at every stage is essential, IBKR Japan is the verified option.","Crucially, NISA is a residents’ benefit: it generally cannot continue after you become non-resident, except a qualifying temporary-departure continuation filed in advance. If you may leave Japan, get the broker’s written departure procedure before building a large NISA balance, and remember Japanese eligibility does not replace home-country reporting."],"ja":["必要な各段階——開設・取引・税書類・トラブル——で英語対応を、宣伝ページだけでなく確認します。外国人居住者向けの多くの会社は主に日本語で開設し、ブラウザ翻訳は有効な書類を英語にしません。すべての段階で本物の英語が必須ならIBKR証券が確認済みの選択肢です。","重要な点として、NISAは居住者向けの制度です。事前申告した適格な一時出国の継続を除き、非居住者になると原則継続できません。出国し得るなら、大きなNISA残高を作る前に各社の出国手続を書面で入手し、日本での資格が母国の報告義務の代わりにならない点を思い出します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Foreign residents opening NISA","People unsure how long they will stay"],"ja":["NISAを開く外国人居住者","滞在期間が不確かな人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Non-residents","US taxpayers before cross-border review"],"ja":["非居住者","越境確認前の米国納税者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Broker acceptance and departure policies vary; NISA generally cannot continue abroad."],"ja":["受入と出国方針は会社で異なります。NISAは海外では原則継続できません。"]},"faqs":["nisa-eligibility","nisa-leaving-japan"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","jsda-nisa","fsa-registry"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["investing-as-foreign-resident","nisa-for-dual-citizens","opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","moving-abroad-with-investments"]},{"slug":"nisa-for-dual-citizens","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"NISA for dual citizens","ja":"二重国籍者のためのNISA"},"summary":{"en":"Japanese NISA eligibility, other-country taxation, tax-residency declarations, FATCA-style reporting, and why nationality can affect product access.","ja":"日本のNISA資格、他国の課税、税務上の居住地の申告、FATCA型の報告、国籍が商品アクセスに影響する理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Dual nationality does not by itself disqualify a Japan resident from NISA, but another country — most consequentially the US — may tax NISA income or require reporting, and a broker may restrict product access based on nationality or US-person status.","ja":"二重国籍だけでは、日本居住者のNISA資格を失いません。ただし別の国——特に米国——がNISA所得に課税・報告を求めることがあり、会社が国籍や米国人の地位で商品アクセスを制限することがあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Dual nationality alone does not disqualify a qualifying Japan resident from NISA.","Another country may tax NISA income or require account reporting.","US citizenship/tax residence is the most consequential: worldwide taxation plus PFIC/FBAR/8938.","You declare tax residencies; FATCA-style reporting can apply.","A broker may restrict product access based on nationality or US-person status."],"ja":["二重国籍だけでは、要件を満たす日本居住者のNISA資格を失いません。","別の国がNISA所得に課税・口座報告を求めることがあります。","米国籍・税務上の居住が最も重大：全世界課税＋PFIC/FBAR/8938。","税務上の居住地を申告し、FATCA型の報告が適用され得ます。","会社が国籍や米国人の地位で商品アクセスを制限することがあります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"eligible","heading":{"en":"Japanese eligibility","ja":"日本の資格"},"body":{"en":["For NISA, what matters is Japanese residence, not the number of passports you hold. A dual citizen who is a qualifying Japan resident can open NISA on the same residence-based terms as anyone else, subject to the broker’s identity, tax-residency, sanctions, and product policies. Holding a second nationality does not, by itself, remove your Japanese NISA eligibility.","The complications come not from Japan’s rules but from your other country’s rules, which continue to apply to you regardless of where you live or invest."],"ja":["NISAで重要なのは、保有する旅券の数ではなく日本居住です。要件を満たす日本居住者の二重国籍者は、会社の本人確認・税務上の居住地・制裁・商品方針に従い、他の人と同じ在留基準でNISAを開けます。第二の国籍の保有は、それ自体では日本のNISA資格を失わせません。","複雑さは日本の規則からではなく、居住地や投資先に関わらず適用され続ける「別の国の規則」から生じます。"]}},{"id":"other-country","heading":{"en":"Other-country taxation and reporting","ja":"他国の課税と報告"},"body":{"en":["Your other country of citizenship or tax residence may tax NISA income or require you to report the account. The most consequential example is the United States, which generally taxes citizens and resident aliens on worldwide income: NISA’s Japanese exemption gives no US exemption, Japanese mutual funds can create PFIC problems and Form 8621 obligations, and Japanese accounts including NISA can be reportable on FBAR and Form 8938.","Even outside the US, some countries tax worldwide income, impose foreign-asset reporting, or have wealth taxes. So a dual citizen must check both Japan’s treatment and the other country’s treatment before assuming NISA is tax-free for them."],"ja":["もう一つの国籍・税務上の居住地の国が、NISA所得に課税したり口座の報告を求めたりすることがあります。最も重大な例は米国で、通常、市民・居住外国人に全世界所得課税します。NISAの日本の非課税は米国の非課税を与えず、日本の投信はPFIC問題とForm 8621の義務を生み得て、NISAを含む日本の口座はFBARやForm 8938の報告対象になり得ます。","米国以外でも、全世界所得課税・外国資産報告・富裕税を持つ国があります。よって二重国籍者は、NISAが自分にとって非課税と決めつける前に、日本の扱いと他国の扱いの両方を確認する必要があります。"]}},{"id":"product","heading":{"en":"Product access and advice triggers","ja":"商品アクセスと専門相談の目安"},"body":{"en":["Nationality can affect product access at the broker level. You declare your tax residencies, and FATCA-style reporting may apply; a broker may restrict certain products based on nationality or US-person status — some prohibit US persons from foreign-stock trading, for example. These are commercial and regulatory policies layered on top of the residence-based NISA rule.","The practical trigger for professional advice is any second country with citizenship-based taxation, worldwide-income taxation, or foreign-asset reporting — above all US citizenship or green-card status. Before choosing NISA products, a dual citizen in that situation should get cross-border advice, because the right holdings depend on both tax systems."],"ja":["国籍は、会社レベルで商品アクセスに影響し得ます。税務上の居住地を申告し、FATCA型の報告が適用され得て、会社が国籍や米国人の地位で特定商品を制限することがあります——例えば米国人の外国株取引を禁じる会社もあります。これらは、在留基準のNISA規則の上に重なる商業・規制の方針です。","専門相談の実務的な目安は、国籍課税・全世界所得課税・外国資産報告を持つ第二の国、とりわけ米国籍やグリーンカードの地位です。その状況の二重国籍者は、NISA商品を選ぶ前に越境助言を受けるべきです。適切な保有は両方の税制に依存するためです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Dual citizens resident in Japan","People with a second citizenship or tax residence"],"ja":["在日の二重国籍者","第二の国籍・税務上の居住地がある人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Single-nationality residents with no foreign ties","Readers wanting a definitive answer without advice"],"ja":["外国との結びつきのない単一国籍の居住者","助言なしに確定的な答えを求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Another country (especially the US) may tax or require reporting of NISA; get cross-border advice."],"ja":["別の国（特に米国）がNISAに課税・報告を求め得ます。越境助言を受けてください。"]},"faqs":["nisa-us-citizen","nisa-eligibility"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","irs-pfic-8621","fincen-fbar"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["nisa-for-us-citizens","nisa-for-foreign-residents","us-taxpayers-investing-japan","pfic-japanese-funds"]},{"slug":"investing-in-japan-complete-guide","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Investing in Japan: complete beginner’s guide","ja":"日本での投資：初心者完全ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"Why people invest, saving vs investing, the Japanese system (NISA, iDeCo, taxable), brokerages and products, and a beginner order of operations.","ja":"投資の理由、貯蓄と投資、日本の制度（NISA・iDeCo・課税）、証券会社と商品、初心者の手順。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"For most Japan residents, the sensible path is: build cash reserves and clear expensive debt, open NISA at a low-cost broker, automate one diversified low-cost index fund, and add iDeCo, individual stocks, or foreign products only once the core and tax admin are under control.","ja":"多くの日本居住者の妥当な道は、現金を確保し高金利の借金を返し、低コストの証券会社でNISAを開き、分散された低コストのインデックス投信1本を自動化し、核と税務が整ってから、iDeCo・個別株・外国商品を加えることです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Investing follows a financial base: liquid reserves and repaying expensive debt come first.","NISA is a tax wrapper (¥3.6m/year, ¥18m lifetime); iDeCo adds a deduction but locks funds.","You invest through a brokerage; most beginners use one broad low-cost index fund.","A single global-equity fund diversifies across many countries with little maintenance.","US taxpayers and people leaving Japan need extra, specialist caution."],"ja":["投資は財務の土台の後：流動性のある資金と高金利借金の返済が先です。","NISAは非課税の入れ物（年360万円・生涯1,800万円）、iDeCoは控除を加えるが固定します。","証券会社を通じて投資し、初心者の多くは広い低コストのインデックス投信1本を使います。","全世界株式1本で、手間をかけず多くの国に分散できます。","米国納税者と出国予定者は、追加で専門家の注意が必要です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"why-order","heading":{"en":"Why invest, and in what order","ja":"なぜ投資し、どの順序で"},"body":{"en":["Saving preserves nominal yen and provides liquidity; investing exchanges certainty for the possibility of growth, at the cost of fluctuating value and no principal guarantee. Cash is right for emergencies and near-term spending, but over long periods its purchasing power can erode to inflation, which is the main case for investing money you will not need for years.","A sensible order of operations for most residents: (1) maintain enough liquid cash for foreseeable expenses; (2) repay expensive debt; (3) capture any employer match or unusually good corporate pension; (4) open a low-cost brokerage and NISA; (5) automate a sustainable monthly purchase of one diversified index fund; (6) consider iDeCo once you understand its deduction, lock-up, and retirement taxation; (7) add individual stocks or foreign products only after the core and tax admin are under control."],"ja":["貯蓄は額面の円を保ち流動性を与え、投資は確実性を成長の可能性と交換します。代わりに価値は変動し元本保証はありません。現金は緊急時と近い支出に適しますが、長期では購買力がインフレで削られ得て、これが数年使わない資金を投資する主な理由です。","多くの居住者に妥当な手順：(1) 予見できる支出に足る流動性のある現金を保つ、(2) 高金利の借金を返す、(3) 会社のマッチングや特に良い企業年金を取り込む、(4) 低コストの証券会社とNISAを開く、(5) 分散された投信1本の続けられる毎月の買付を自動化、(6) 控除・固定・受取課税を理解したうえでiDeCoを検討、(7) 核と税務が整ってから個別株や外国商品を加える。"]}},{"id":"system","heading":{"en":"The Japanese investment system","ja":"日本の投資制度"},"body":{"en":["You invest through a securities company (brokerage), inside one of a few account types. NISA is a tax-free wrapper: since 2024 it allows ¥1.2m recurring plus ¥2.4m growth per year, an ¥18m lifetime limit, and indefinitely tax-free qualifying gains — usually the first account to fund. A taxable \"specified\" account holds anything beyond NISA, taxed at 20.315% but with loss offsets. iDeCo is a private pension: contributions are deductible, but money is locked until retirement age.","Inside the account, most beginners research broad, low-fee index funds (all-country or S&P 500 trackers) rather than individual stocks. A single global fund can be a complete equity core; adding bonds or cash lowers volatility according to how much loss you can tolerate."],"ja":["証券会社を通じ、いくつかの口座タイプの中で投資します。NISAは非課税の入れ物で、2024年から年つみたて120万円＋成長240万円、生涯1,800万円、対象の利益は無期限で非課税——最初に使う口座になりがちです。課税の「特定」口座はNISA超過分を保有し、20.315%課税ですが損益通算があります。iDeCoは私的年金で、掛金は控除できますが受給年齢まで固定されます。","口座内では、初心者の多くは個別株より、幅広く低コストなインデックス投信（全世界株やS&P500）を調べます。全世界1本で株式の核を完結でき、耐えられる損失に応じて債券や現金を加えて変動を下げます。"]}},{"id":"cautions-next","heading":{"en":"Cautions and where to go next","ja":"注意と次に読むもの"},"body":{"en":["Two cross-border cautions matter most. US citizens and green-card holders face PFIC reporting problems with Japanese funds and should get specialist advice before buying. And NISA is a residents’ benefit — leaving Japan generally means you cannot continue it, so plan the exit before building a large balance. Everyone should also treat tax-free as not risk-free: investments in NISA can and do fall.","From here, the cluster’s other pages go deeper: how to start, saving vs investing, risk, diversification, compounding, the full NISA guide, accounts and taxes, product categories, broker comparisons, and pages for foreign residents and US taxpayers. Follow the beginner path first, then explore the topic that fits your next decision."],"ja":["越境の2つの注意が最も重要です。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は日本の投信でPFIC報告の問題に直面し、購入前に専門家の助言を受けるべきです。またNISAは居住者向けの制度で、出国すると原則継続できないため、大きな残高を作る前に出国を計画します。誰もが「非課税は無リスクでない」と捉えるべきで、NISA内の投資も下落し得ます。","ここから、クラスターの他のページがより深く扱います。始め方・貯蓄と投資・リスク・分散・複利・NISA完全ガイド・口座と税・商品カテゴリー・証券会社比較、そして外国人居住者と米国納税者向けのページです。まず初心者の道をたどり、次の判断に合うトピックを探します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Complete beginners to investing in Japan","People wanting the big-picture map first"],"ja":["日本での投資が完全に初めての人","まず全体像を知りたい人"]},"notFor":{"en":["US taxpayers before specialist review","Readers seeking specific security picks"],"ja":["専門家確認前の米国納税者","個別銘柄の選択を求める読者"]},"warnings":{"en":["This is education, not a recommendation to buy any security; returns are not guaranteed and you can lose money."],"ja":["これは教育情報で銘柄推奨ではありません。リターンは保証されず、損失の可能性があります。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund","nisa-eligibility","nisa-us-citizen"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","ideco-official","fsa-registry"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["how-to-start-investing-japan","what-is-nisa","investing-for-beginners","investment-products-japan"]},{"slug":"investing-methodology","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Investing research sources and methodology","ja":"投資リサーチの情報源と方法論"},"summary":{"en":"Source priority, how rankings and fees are compared, how facts and editorial analysis are separated, update frequency, and missing-data handling.","ja":"情報源の優先順位、順位と手数料の比較方法、事実と分析の分離、更新頻度、欠落データの扱い。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"This research prioritises official regulator, government, and first-party sources; compares providers on standardized dimensions under stated assumptions rather than declaring a universal \"best\"; separates facts from editorial analysis; and refuses to fabricate missing point-in-time data.","ja":"本リサーチは、規制当局・政府・一次情報を優先し、普遍的な「最良」を断定せず前提を置いた標準化された軸で比較し、事実と分析を分け、欠落した時点データを捏造しません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Source priority: FSA, NTA, MHLW, MOF, JSDA, official provider docs, prospectuses, and US government tax sources.","\"Best\" means best under stated assumptions, not universally best.","Facts, calculations, and editorial analysis are kept separate.","Volatile figures (fees, rates) carry a verification date and should be rechecked.","Missing point-in-time data is not fabricated to fill fields."],"ja":["情報源の優先：FSA・国税庁・厚労省・財務省・JSDA・公式資料・目論見書・米政府税源。","「最良」は前提の下での最良で、普遍的な最良ではありません。","事実・計算・編集上の分析を分けて扱います。","変動しやすい数値（手数料・率）は検証日を付し、再確認すべきです。","欠落した時点データは、欄を埋めるために捏造しません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"sources","heading":{"en":"Source priority","ja":"情報源の優先順位"},"body":{"en":["The research prioritises primary and official material: Japan’s Financial Services Agency (FSA), National Tax Agency (NTA), Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), Ministry of Finance (MOF), the Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA), official brokerage documents, official fund prospectuses, and United States government tax sources such as the IRS and FinCEN for US-taxpayer topics. Registration facts are checked against the FSA operator registry and JSDA membership.","Provider and product inventories are broad but not claimed to be exhaustive, and none of this is individualized investment, legal, or tax advice. Where a claim depends on a source, the source is cited with an access or verification date."],"ja":["リサーチは一次・公式情報を優先します。金融庁（FSA）、国税庁（NTA）、厚生労働省（MHLW）、財務省（MOF）、日本証券業協会（JSDA）、公式の証券会社文書、公式の目論見書、そして米国納税者のトピックにはIRSやFinCENなど米政府の税源です。登録の事実は、FSAの登録業者一覧とJSDA会員で確認します。","提供者・商品の一覧は広いものの網羅的とは主張せず、いずれも個別の投資・法律・税務助言ではありません。主張が情報源に依存する場合、アクセス日または検証日とともに情報源を示します。"]}},{"id":"comparison","heading":{"en":"How comparisons and fees are handled","ja":"比較と手数料の扱い"},"body":{"en":["Rankings assume a defined customer — an individual Japan resident trading online, using NISA and a specified account, making monthly purchases, and valuing low all-in cost, breadth, tax support, and security. Under different assumptions the answers change, so \"best\" always means best under those stated assumptions, never universally best. Promotional point rates receive low weight because they change and can be outweighed by card fees.","Fees are compared as a whole stack — commissions, FX spreads, fund expenses, fractional-share spreads, transfer fees — not just the headline commission, because \"zero commission\" does not mean zero cost. Performance, where discussed, is compared only against a fund’s benchmark over matching periods, never used to rank funds by recent return."],"ja":["順位は、定義した顧客——オンラインで取引し、NISAと特定口座を使い、毎月買付し、低い総コスト・広さ・税務対応・安全性を重視する個人の日本居住者——を前提とします。前提が異なれば答えは変わるため、「最良」は常にその前提の下での最良で、普遍的な最良ではありません。ポイントのキャンペーン率は、変わりやすくカード年会費で相殺され得るため低めに評価します。","手数料は全体——手数料・為替スプレッド・投信費用・単元未満株スプレッド・移管手数料——で比較し、表面の手数料だけでは比べません。「手数料無料」は無コストではないためです。成績を論じる場合、一致する期間でファンドのベンチマークとのみ比較し、直近のリターンで投信を順位付けするためには使いません。"]}},{"id":"editorial-missing","heading":{"en":"Facts vs analysis, and missing data","ja":"事実と分析、欠落データ"},"body":{"en":["Facts, calculations, and editorial analysis are kept separate. A rule (for example a NISA limit) is a sourced fact; a compounding table is a labelled calculation, not a forecast; a \"best fit\" statement is editorial analysis under stated assumptions. Volatile figures — fees, point rates, provider features — carry a verification date and should be rechecked before you act, since they change.","When point-in-time data (current assets, net asset value, trailing performance, volatility, or maximum drawdown) is not available from an official verified series, it is not fabricated to fill a field. Instead the page points you to the current prospectus, monthly report, and benchmark methodology. The update log records material changes with a date and source."],"ja":["事実・計算・編集上の分析を分けます。規則（例：NISAの上限）は情報源のある事実、複利の表は予測ではなく明示した計算、「最適」の記述は前提の下での編集上の分析です。変動しやすい数値——手数料・ポイント率・提供者の機能——は検証日を付し、変わるため行動前に再確認すべきです。","時点データ（現在の純資産・基準価額・過去の成績・変動・最大下落率）が公式の検証済み系列から得られない場合、欄を埋めるために捏造しません。代わりに、最新の目論見書・月次レポート・ベンチマークの方法論を案内します。更新ログが、重要な変更を日付と情報源とともに記録します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Readers assessing how this content is made","People checking source quality"],"ja":["この情報の作り方を確認する読者","情報源の質を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers wanting specific recommendations","Anyone needing individual advice"],"ja":["具体的な推奨を求める読者","個別助言が必要な人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Volatile figures change; always recheck fees, rates, and provider features against official sources before acting."],"ja":["変動する数値は変わります。行動前に手数料・率・提供者の機能を公式情報で必ず再確認してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","fsa-registry","nta-individual","jsda-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["investing-data-updates","best-brokerages-japan","how-to-compare-funds","check-broker-license-and-scams"]},{"slug":"investing-data-updates","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Investing data update log","ja":"投資データ更新ログ"},"summary":{"en":"What changes are tracked — NISA rules, brokerage fees, card programs, product additions/closures, iDeCo reforms — and why active maintenance matters.","ja":"追跡する変更——NISA規則・証券手数料・カード・商品の追加/終了・iDeCo改正——と、能動的な維持が重要な理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"This log tracks material changes to the facts behind the investing pages — NISA rule changes, brokerage fee changes, card-program changes, product additions and closures, and iDeCo reforms — each with a date and source, so readers can see the information is actively maintained.","ja":"本ログは、投資ページの背後にある事実の重要な変更——NISA規則・証券手数料・カード・商品の追加/終了・iDeCo改正——を、日付と情報源とともに追跡し、情報が能動的に維持されていることを示します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Financial facts change: NISA rules, fees, card rates, product lineups, and iDeCo limits.","Material changes are logged with a date and source, not silently overwritten.","Scheduled iDeCo changes from December 2026 must be verified on their effective dates.","Promotional and fee data should be rechecked before acting; features expire faster than definitions.","Active maintenance is evidence of reliability for both readers and answer engines."],"ja":["金融の事実は変わります：NISA規則・手数料・カード率・商品ラインナップ・iDeCo上限。","重要な変更は、黙って上書きせず、日付と情報源とともに記録します。","2026年12月からのiDeCo改正は、施行日に確認する必要があります。","キャンペーン・手数料は行動前に再確認を。機能は定義より早く陳腐化します。","能動的な維持は、読者にも回答エンジンにも信頼性の証拠です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what","heading":{"en":"What this log tracks","ja":"このログが追跡するもの"},"body":{"en":["Personal-finance facts are not static. This log exists to record material changes to the data behind the investing pages: NISA rule changes, brokerage fee and FX changes, credit-card and point-program changes, product additions and closures, and iDeCo and pension reforms. Each material update should carry the date it took effect and the source that confirms it, so a reader can distinguish current rules from superseded ones.","The point is transparency about freshness. A page that looks authoritative but silently carries an old fee or an expired NISA rule is misleading; a dated, sourced change record lets you trust what is current and see when it was last confirmed."],"ja":["個人金融の事実は静的ではありません。本ログは、投資ページの背後のデータの重要な変更を記録するために存在します。NISA規則の変更、証券手数料とFXの変更、クレジットカード・ポイントの変更、商品の追加・終了、iDeCo・年金の改正です。各重要更新は、施行日と、それを確認する情報源を付し、読者が現行規則と失効した規則を区別できるようにします。","要点は鮮度の透明性です。権威的に見えても、古い手数料や失効したNISA規則を黙って抱えるページは誤解を招きます。日付と情報源のある変更記録は、何が現行かを信頼でき、最後にいつ確認されたかを示します。"]}},{"id":"upcoming","heading":{"en":"Known upcoming changes","ja":"既知の今後の変更"},"body":{"en":["Some changes are already scheduled and should be verified on their effective dates rather than treated as current. Notably, iDeCo reforms from December 2026 broaden some contribution limits; anyone enrolling around that date should confirm the implemented figures. Future age-related NISA amendments and cryptoasset regulatory or tax changes should likewise be rechecked when they take effect.","Because these are forward-looking, pages describing them flag that the pre-change figures are not the implemented rules. Treat any \"scheduled\" reform as pending until its effective date, and reverify before relying on it."],"ja":["一部の変更は既に予定されており、現行として扱わず施行日に確認すべきです。特に、2026年12月からのiDeCo改正は一部の拠出上限を拡大します。その時期に加入する人は実施後の数値を確認すべきです。将来の年齢関連のNISA改正や、暗号資産の規制・税の変更も、同様に施行時に再確認すべきです。","これらは将来向けのため、それを説明するページは、改正前の数値が実施規則ではない旨を明示します。「予定」の改正は施行日まで保留として扱い、頼る前に再確認します。"]}},{"id":"recheck","heading":{"en":"What to recheck, and how often","ja":"何を、どのくらいの頻度で再確認するか"},"body":{"en":["Different facts age at different speeds. Promotional and fee data (point rates, campaign terms, exact commissions) change fastest and should be rechecked immediately before opening an account or placing a trade. Account features and product lineups change more slowly but still need periodic review. Stable educational definitions (what a PFIC is, how compounding works) change rarely.","So before you act on any specific number — a fee, a point rate, a NISA limit, a provider feature — confirm it against the official source, even if a page states it. The educational explanations here are durable; the volatile figures are snapshots that this log and the verification dates on each page help you keep current."],"ja":["事実により陳腐化の速度が異なります。キャンペーン・手数料（ポイント率・キャンペーン条件・正確な手数料）は最も速く変わり、口座開設や取引の直前に再確認すべきです。口座機能や商品ラインナップはより緩やかですが、なお定期的な見直しが必要です。安定した教育的定義（PFICとは、複利の仕組み）はまれにしか変わりません。","よって、特定の数値——手数料・ポイント率・NISAの上限・提供者の機能——に基づいて行動する前に、ページに記載があっても公式情報で確認します。ここの教育的な説明は長持ちしますが、変動する数値はスナップショットで、本ログと各ページの検証日が現行維持を助けます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Readers checking how current the data is","People about to act on a specific figure"],"ja":["データの新しさを確認する読者","特定の数値で行動しようとする人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers wanting a live database feed","Anyone needing individual advice"],"ja":["ライブのDBフィードを求める読者","個別助言が必要な人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Scheduled reforms (e.g. December 2026 iDeCo changes) are not current rules until effective; always verify volatile figures."],"ja":["予定の改正（例：2026年12月のiDeCo）は施行まで現行規則ではありません。変動する数値は必ず確認してください。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","ideco-official"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["investing-methodology","nisa-complete-guide","ideco-complete-guide","best-brokerages-japan"]},{"slug":"buying-property-japan","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Complete guide to buying property in Japan","ja":"日本で不動産を買う完全ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"Budget, financing, agents, contracts, inspections, taxes, and ownership — the full journey from first budget to keys and beyond.","ja":"予算・資金計画・仲介・契約・検査・税金・保有まで。最初の予算から引き渡し後までの全行程。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Buying is a multi-stage process — budget, preapproval, search, offer, important-matters explanation, contract, final approval, inspection, closing — and needs roughly 6–10% of the price in cash on top of the down payment.","ja":"購入は予算→事前審査→物件探し→買付→重要事項説明→契約→本審査→検査→決済という多段階の流れで、頭金に加え価格の概ね6〜10%の現金が必要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Set three ceilings first: purchase price, monthly housing outflow, and minimum post-closing cash reserve.","Get preapproval before you make an offer, and draft the financing-condition clause carefully.","Budget 6–10% of the price for closing costs on top of the down payment.","A portal listing is discovery, not diligence — verify title, legality, condition, and hazards."],"ja":["まず3つの上限を決める：購入価格・毎月の住居費・決済後に残す最低現金。","買付前に事前審査を取り、住宅ローン特約（融資特約）を丁寧に取り決める。","頭金に加えて価格の6〜10%の諸費用を見込む。","ポータルの掲載は「発見」であり調査ではない。権利・適法性・状態・災害リスクを確認する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-journey","heading":{"en":"The purchase journey, stage by stage","ja":"購入の流れ（段階別）"},"body":{"en":["A Japanese property purchase runs through a predictable sequence: set a budget, obtain preliminary mortgage screening, choose an area, search portals and agents, view repeatedly, submit a purchase application (買付証明書), review the explanation of important matters (重要事項説明), sign the purchase agreement and pay earnest money (手付金), complete final mortgage approval, inspect, and close with registration by a judicial scrivener (司法書士). Each stage has its own documents, deadlines, and ways to fail, so treat it as a project rather than a single decision.","Approval in Japan is both borrower-specific and property-specific. A strong applicant can still be declined because of leasehold terms, legality, floor area, location, age, structural condition, rebuildability, or weak collateral value. Line up your own finances and the property’s legal and physical facts in parallel."],"ja":["日本の不動産購入は、予算設定→事前審査→エリア選定→ポータルと仲介での物件探し→複数回の内見→買付証明書の提出→重要事項説明の確認→売買契約と手付金→本審査→検査→司法書士による登記を伴う決済、という順序で進みます。各段階に固有の書類・期限・つまずき方があるため、一つの決断ではなくプロジェクトとして扱いましょう。","日本の審査は申込者だけでなく物件にも依存します。借地条件・適法性・床面積・立地・築年・構造・再建築可否・担保評価の弱さなどで、優良な申込者でも否決され得ます。自分の資金面と物件の法的・物理的事実を並行して整えましょう。"]}},{"id":"budget-first","heading":{"en":"Budget before you view","ja":"内見の前に予算を決める"},"body":{"en":["Set three ceilings before viewing anything: a maximum purchase price, a maximum monthly housing outflow, and a minimum cash reserve you will still hold after closing. Monthly housing outflow is more than the mortgage — it includes fixed-asset and city-planning tax, condominium management and repair-reserve fees, insurance, parking, utilities, and owner-funded repairs. A house shifts roof, exterior, drainage, and structural repair costs onto you directly.","The lender’s maximum is not a household recommendation. Flat 35’s published framework generally caps total annual debt repayments at 30% of income below ¥4 million and 35% at ¥4 million or more, but a prudent household usually targets a lower ratio after tax, childcare, pension, maintenance, and possible rate increases."],"ja":["内見の前に3つの上限を決めます：購入価格の上限、毎月の住居費の上限、決済後も残す最低現金額です。毎月の住居費は住宅ローンだけではありません。固定資産税・都市計画税、マンションの管理費・修繕積立金、保険、駐車場、光熱費、自己負担の修繕を含みます。一戸建てでは屋根・外装・排水・構造の修繕費が直接あなたに乗ります。","銀行の上限は家計への推奨ではありません。フラット35の基準は総返済負担率を年収400万円未満で30%、400万円以上で35%までとしますが、堅実な家計は税・育児・年金・維持費・金利上昇を織り込み、通常はより低い比率を目標にします。"]}},{"id":"financing-and-contract","heading":{"en":"Financing, contract, and the financing clause","ja":"資金計画・契約・融資特約"},"body":{"en":["Obtain preapproval (事前審査) before making an offer so you know your realistic budget and can act quickly. When you sign, the financing-condition clause (住宅ローン特約) should name the lender, amount, application and approval deadlines, and state whether the deposit is refundable if financing fails under the clause. Do not sign a sale contract before you understand this clause — it is the single most important protection for a mortgage buyer.","The explanation of important matters (重要事項説明) is delivered by a licensed transaction specialist and covers title, legal restrictions, road access, utilities, disaster information, leasehold, management, deposits, and cancellation. Obtain the documents early rather than seeing them for the first time immediately before signing."],"ja":["買付の前に事前審査を受け、現実的な予算を把握して素早く動けるようにします。契約時、住宅ローン特約は金融機関・金額・申込と承認の期限を明記し、特約に基づき融資が不成立の場合に手付金が返還されるかを定めます。この特約を理解する前に売買契約を結ばないこと。住宅ローン利用者にとって最重要の保護です。","重要事項説明は宅地建物取引士が行い、権利関係・法規制・接道・インフラ・災害情報・借地・管理・手付・解除などを扱います。署名直前に初めて見るのではなく、書類は早めに入手しましょう。"]}},{"id":"inspect-close-after","heading":{"en":"Inspect, close, and what comes after","ja":"検査・決済・その後"},"body":{"en":["For a used home, commission an independent qualified inspector where practical. A registered existing-home condition inspector (建物状況調査) examines visible and measurable deterioration, but the framework does not guarantee the property is defect-free, and a lender appraisal is not a structural inspection. At closing the buyer pays the balance, the lender disburses, keys and possession transfer, and the judicial scrivener files ownership and mortgage registrations — confirm vacant possession, utilities, prorated taxes and fees, and no unexpected encumbrances.","After moving in, file any tax claims (including the first-year mortgage-deduction return), change your address, retain the contract and cost evidence, note defect-notification deadlines, establish a repair reserve, and review insurance annually."],"ja":["中古住宅では可能なら独立した有資格の検査人に依頼します。建物状況調査は目視・計測可能な劣化を調べますが、無欠陥を保証するものではなく、金融機関の担保評価は構造検査ではありません。決済では買主が残代金を支払い、融資が実行され、鍵と占有が移り、司法書士が所有権移転と抵当権設定を登記します。空き渡し・インフラ・税金や費用の按分・想定外の担保がないことを確認しましょう。","入居後は税の手続き（初年度の住宅ローン控除の確定申告を含む）を行い、住所変更をし、契約と費用の証拠を保管し、瑕疵の通知期限を確認し、修繕積立を始め、保険を毎年見直します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["First-time buyers in Japan","Residents comparing the full cost of ownership"],"ja":["日本で初めて買う人","保有総コストを比較する居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A specific approval prediction","Property-investment underwriting"],"ja":["個別の承認予測","不動産投資の採算分析"]},"warnings":{"en":["A mortgage is a large, long commitment. Model rate increases and resale risk, and get independent professional advice before signing."],"ja":["住宅ローンは大きく長期の約束です。金利上昇と売却リスクを試算し、署名前に独立した専門家の助言を受けましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-buy-foreigner","loan-cash-beyond-price","loan-earnest-money-size","loan-financing-clause"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library","mlit-inspection","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":["flat-35"],"relatedArticles":["mortgages-japan","property-buying-checklist","cash-needed-to-buy-property","rent-vs-buy-japan"]},{"slug":"mortgages-japan","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Complete guide to mortgages in Japan","ja":"日本の住宅ローン完全ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"Eligibility, mortgage types, rates, fees, underwriting, lenders, and the application process — how home loans actually work in a higher-rate Japan.","ja":"審査要件・種類・金利・手数料・引受・金融機関・申込手順。金利が上がった日本で住宅ローンが実際にどう動くか。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A Japanese mortgage is decided by your income and stability, your credit records, and the property — and the cheapest loan is the one with the lowest all-in cost over your holding period, not the lowest headline rate.","ja":"日本の住宅ローンは、収入と安定性・信用情報・物件で決まります。最も安いのは表面金利が最低のものではなく、保有期間の総コストが最低のものです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Lenders weigh stable employment, income, age, credit records, health for group credit life insurance, and the property.","The core choice is fixed vs variable; variable now requires a genuine 2–3 point stress test.","Compare the execution rate, 2.2% origination fee, guarantee fee, insurance additions, and early-repayment costs — not just the rate.","Japan has left the near-zero era: the BoJ guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026 and prime rates have risen."],"ja":["銀行は安定雇用・収入・年齢・信用情報・団信の健康状態・物件を評価する。","中心は固定か変動か。変動は今や2〜3%の本気のストレステストが必要。","金利だけでなく、実行金利・2.2%の事務手数料・保証料・保険上乗せ・繰上返済費用を比較する。","日本はゼロ金利期を脱した。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、プライムレートも上昇。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rate-environment","heading":{"en":"A different rate environment","ja":"変わった金利環境"},"body":{"en":["Japan has entered a materially different interest-rate environment from the near-zero years. The Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% after its June 2026 decision, and the average uncollateralized overnight call rate was roughly 0.977% at the end of July 2026. Major lenders have announced or implemented higher short-term prime rates and mortgage reference rates — Mizuho, for example, published that new variable borrowing shown from about 1.025% would rise to 1.275% or more from January 2027. Model the announced future payment, not only today’s teaser."],"ja":["日本はゼロ金利時代とは大きく異なる金利環境に入りました。日銀の誘導目標は2026年6月の決定後で約1.0%、無担保コール翌日物の平均は2026年7月末で約0.977%でした。主要行は短期プライムレートや住宅ローン基準金利の引き上げを公表・実施しています。例えばみずほは、新規変動が約1.025%からでも2027年1月以降に1.275%以上へ上がると告知しました。今日の目玉金利だけでなく、告知された将来の返済額を試算しましょう。"]}},{"id":"what-lenders-weigh","heading":{"en":"Eligibility: what lenders weigh","ja":"審査で見られる点"},"body":{"en":["Underwriting assesses income, employment stability, age, debt, repayment history, household obligations, health for group credit life insurance (団信), the property’s value and legality, and your documentation. A permanent salaried employee with several years of stable Japanese taxable income presents the simplest file; contract, probationary, commission-heavy, self-employed, and company-owner applicants may need more history and be assessed on normalized income.","Check your own credit records at CIC and JICC before applying. Japan has no single public credit score; lenders pull from designated credit-information organizations and apply proprietary rules. CIC records application inquiries for six months and contract/payment data generally through the contract and up to five years after it ends. Avoid repeated applications and new debt in the run-up to a mortgage."],"ja":["引受では、収入・雇用の安定・年齢・債務・返済履歴・世帯の負担・団信の健康状態・物件の評価と適法性・書類を評価します。数年の安定した日本の課税所得がある永住・正社員が最も単純な案件で、契約・試用期間・歩合中心・自営・会社経営の申込者はより長い履歴が必要で、正規化した収入で評価され得ます。","申込前にCICとJICCで自分の信用情報を確認しましょう。日本に単一の公的スコアはなく、銀行は指定信用情報機関から情報を取り独自基準を適用します。CICは申込照会を6か月、契約・支払い情報を概ね契約期間中と終了後5年まで記録します。ローン直前の繰り返しの申込や新規借入は避けましょう。"]}},{"id":"types-fees","heading":{"en":"Types, rates, and fees","ja":"種類・金利・手数料"},"body":{"en":["The main product families are the fully fixed Flat 35, variable-rate loans, fixed-period (e.g. 10-year fixed-selection) loans, and mixed-rate loans, plus structures for couples (pair loans, income combination, joint-debtor, parent-child relay). Fixed removes interest-rate risk at a higher initial cost; variable is cheaper now but shifts rate risk to you. Choose variable only if the household survives a 2–3 point stress without selling.","Beyond the rate, the true cost includes a frequently 2.20% origination fee (¥1.10 million on a ¥50 million loan), a guarantee fee (upfront, rate-loaded, or absent), appraisal, registration and license tax, judicial-scrivener fees, group credit life insurance, optional riders, and any early-repayment charge. A nominally lower rate can be the more expensive loan for someone who sells or refinances after a few years."],"ja":["主な商品群は、全期間固定のフラット35、変動金利、固定期間選択型（例：10年固定）、ミックス型で、加えて夫婦向けの構造（ペアローン・収入合算・連帯債務・親子リレー）があります。固定は初期費用が高い代わりに金利リスクを取り除き、変動は今は安いが金利リスクをあなたに移します。2〜3%上昇しても売らずに耐えられる家計でのみ変動を選びましょう。","金利以外に、実際のコストにはしばしば2.20%の事務手数料（5,000万円で110万円）、保証料（前払い・金利上乗せ・なしのいずれか）、鑑定、登録免許税、司法書士報酬、団信、任意特約、繰上返済手数料が含まれます。数年で売却・借換をする人には、名目上低い金利のほうが高くつくことがあります。"]}},{"id":"apply","heading":{"en":"The application process","ja":"申込の手順"},"body":{"en":["Preapproval (事前審査) is an initial screening on stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property information — not a promise to lend. Final approval (本審査) is full underwriting after detailed documents and property checks, and it can still fail if documents differ, the appraisal is weak, insurance is unavailable, employment changes, new debt appears, or the property is ineligible. Ask each lender for a dated document showing the execution-month rate, permanent discount margin, LTV and term surcharges, fee schedule, insurance options, required document lists, decision time, validity period, and English support, then compare the internal cost over your expected ownership period."],"ja":["事前審査は、申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件情報による初期審査で、融資の約束ではありません。本審査は詳細書類と物件確認後の本格的な引受で、書類の相違・担保評価の弱さ・保険の不承認・雇用の変化・新規債務・物件の不適格などで否決され得ます。各金融機関に、実行月金利・永続的な引下げ幅・LTVと期間の上乗せ・手数料表・保険の選択肢・必要書類・審査期間・有効期限・英語対応を明記した日付入りの書面を求め、想定保有期間での内部コストを比較しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone comparing home loans in Japan","Borrowers weighing fixed vs variable"],"ja":["日本で住宅ローンを比較する人","固定と変動を比べる借り手"]},"notFor":{"en":["Investment-property financing","A guaranteed rate quote"],"ja":["投資用物件の融資","確定した金利の見積り"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example rates, not guaranteed offers. Only final underwriting and execution determine your rate."],"ja":["広告金利は実行月または例示の金利で、確定した提示ではありません。実際の金利は本審査と実行時に決まります。"]},"faqs":["loan-mortgage-no-pr","loan-fixed-vs-floating","loan-cheapest-mortgage","loan-preapproval-final"],"sources":["boj-policy","jhf-flat35","cic-credit","mizuho-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":["flat-35"],"relatedArticles":["borrowing-guide","mortgage-rates","compare-mortgage-lenders","flat-35","foreigners-buying-property"]},{"slug":"borrowing-guide","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Loans in Japan: a beginner’s guide","ja":"日本のローン入門ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"Loan terminology, loan categories, credit checks, and the difference between safe and unsafe borrowing in Japan.","ja":"ローン用語・種類・信用審査、そして日本での安全な借入と危険な借入の違い。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Borrowing is safe when it is secured, purposeful, and repayable from stable income; it is dangerous when it funds a recurring living deficit or a long-lived asset with short-term high-rate debt.","ja":"借入は、担保があり目的が明確で安定収入から返済できるとき安全で、生活赤字の穴埋めや長寿命資産を高金利の短期債務で買うとき危険です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Principal, interest, term, and repayment method together determine total cost — not the rate alone.","Secured loans (mortgages) are cheaper and longer; card and consumer loans are far more expensive.","Japan has no single credit score; lenders pull CIC/JICC records and apply their own rules.","Moneylender borrowing is generally capped at one-third of annual income; bank and housing loans sit outside that rule."],"ja":["元金・利息・期間・返済方法の組合せが総コストを決める。金利だけではない。","担保付き（住宅ローン）は安く長期。カードローンや消費者ローンははるかに高い。","日本に単一のスコアはなく、銀行はCIC・JICCを見て独自基準を適用する。","貸金業者からの借入は原則年収の3分の1まで。銀行・住宅ローンはこの規制の外。"]},"sections":[{"id":"core-terms","heading":{"en":"The core terms","ja":"基本用語"},"body":{"en":["Principal (元金) is the amount borrowed before interest and fees. Interest (利息) is the price of using money, calculated on the outstanding balance at a nominal annual rate. The loan term (借入期間) is the repayment period — a longer term lowers the monthly payment but usually raises total interest and may carry a surcharge. Amortization (返済予定) is how each payment splits between interest and principal; on a level-payment loan, early payments are mostly interest because the balance is largest at the start.","Level principal-and-interest (元利均等返済) keeps the scheduled payment level until a reset; level principal (元金均等返済) repays the same principal each month so payments start higher and fall, saving total interest but not offered by every lender. A balloon payment is a large lump sum due later and is dangerous when the borrower assumes refinancing or resale will always be available."],"ja":["元金は利息・手数料を除いた借入額。利息はお金を使う対価で、残高に対して名目年率で計算します。借入期間は返済期間で、長いほど毎月の返済は下がりますが総利息は通常増え、上乗せがつくこともあります。返済予定（償却）は各返済が利息と元金にどう分かれるかで、元利均等では初期は残高が最大なので利息が大半です。","元利均等返済は返済額を（見直しまで）一定に保ち、元金均等返済は毎月同じ元金を返すため返済額は高く始まり下がり、総利息を抑えますが全行が扱うわけではありません。バルーン（一括）払いは後日に大きな一括がくる方式で、借換や売却が常にできると仮定すると危険です。"]}},{"id":"categories","heading":{"en":"Categories of borrowing","ja":"ローンの種類"},"body":{"en":["Mortgages and secured real-estate loans carry collateral risk but usually the lowest rates and longest terms. Card loans and consumer loans do not normally require a registered mortgage but carry much higher, often double-digit, rates and should never finance a long-lived asset or a recurring living deficit. Auto and education loans are purpose-specific; business loans for sole proprietors fund working capital or equipment. Each has an appropriate use and a characteristic danger — the point is to match the loan’s term and cost to the life of what it buys."],"ja":["住宅ローンや不動産担保ローンは担保リスクがある一方、通常は最低金利・最長期間です。カードローンや消費者ローンは抵当権登記を通常必要としませんが、はるかに高い（しばしば二桁の）金利で、長寿命資産や継続的な生活赤字の資金にすべきではありません。自動車ローンや教育ローンは目的別で、個人事業主の事業ローンは運転資金や設備を賄います。それぞれに適切な用途と特有の危険があり、要はローンの期間とコストを、買うものの寿命に合わせることです。"]}},{"id":"credit-and-limits","heading":{"en":"Credit checks and borrowing limits","ja":"信用審査と借入限度"},"body":{"en":["Lenders assess income, stability, debt, repayment history, age, and — for mortgages — health for group credit life insurance and the property. Japan does not operate one universal consumer credit score; credit-information organizations (CIC, JICC) hold application inquiries, contracts, repayment, and delinquency records, and consumers can request their own disclosures. Loans from licensed moneylenders are generally subject to the aggregate borrowing limit under the Money Lending Business Act — new moneylender borrowing is normally restricted once covered balances exceed one-third of annual income — while bank lending and qualifying housing loans sit outside that statutory total-volume rule, though banks still run their own affordability checks."],"ja":["銀行は収入・安定性・債務・返済履歴・年齢、そして住宅ローンでは団信の健康状態と物件を評価します。日本に単一の消費者スコアはなく、信用情報機関（CIC・JICC）が申込照会・契約・返済・延滞の記録を保有し、消費者は自分の開示を請求できます。貸金業者からの借入は貸金業法の総量規制の対象で、対象残高が年収の3分の1を超えると新規借入が原則制限されます。一方、銀行融資や適格な住宅ローンはこの総量規制の外ですが、銀行は独自の返済能力審査を行います。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Newcomers to borrowing in Japan","Anyone deciding whether a loan is safe"],"ja":["日本で初めて借りる人","その借入が安全か判断したい人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Debt-restructuring or insolvency advice"],"ja":["債務整理・倒産の助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never use short-term, high-rate consumer credit to cover a recurring living shortfall or to fund a down payment without disclosure."],"ja":["継続的な生活不足の穴埋めや、非開示での頭金調達に、短期・高金利の消費者信用を使わないこと。"]},"faqs":["loan-secured-vs-unsecured","loan-onethird-rule","loan-total-cost"],"sources":["fsa-moneylending","cic-credit","jicc-credit"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-loans-work","credit-records-japan","consumer-loans","secured-vs-unsecured"]},{"slug":"foreigners-buying-property","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Buying property in Japan as a foreigner","ja":"外国人として日本で不動産を買う"},"summary":{"en":"Ownership versus financing, permanent-residence and non-PR routes, documents, language, and source-of-funds — the foreign-resident playbook.","ja":"所有と融資の違い、永住・非永住のルート、書類、言語、資金の出所。外国人居住者の実践ガイド。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Foreigners can generally own Japanese property regardless of nationality; the constraint is financing, where permanent residence is the easiest route but not universally mandatory — specialist lenders serve some non-PR residents.","ja":"外国人は国籍を問わず概ね日本の不動産を所有できます。制約は融資で、永住が最も容易なルートですが必須ではなく、一部の専門金融機関は非永住者にも対応します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Ownership eligibility and mortgage eligibility are separate — owning is easy, financing is the hurdle.","PR broadly opens mainstream lenders; without it, expect stricter terms or specialist routes.","PRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, and Suruga Bank publish products or support for certain non-PR residents.","Prepare multi-year tax records, employment evidence, source-of-funds proof, and a residence/repayment continuity story."],"ja":["所有資格と住宅ローン資格は別。所有は容易、融資が壁。","永住は主流の金融機関を広く開く。ない場合は条件が厳しいか専門ルートに。","プレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガ銀行は一部の非永住者向け商品や支援を公表。","複数年の税務記録・在職証明・資金の出所・在留と返済継続の説明を用意する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"ownership-vs-financing","heading":{"en":"Ownership versus financing","ja":"所有と融資の違い"},"body":{"en":["Citizenship does not generally prevent a foreigner from owning land or buildings in Japan — ownership eligibility and mortgage eligibility are separate questions. A cash buyer can still face bank-account, identity, tax-agent, remittance, sanctions, registration, and ongoing-management requirements, and a nonresident buying from abroad needs a tax agent and careful source-of-funds handling. Ordinary residential mortgages, by contrast, generally require residence in Japan and actual owner occupancy."],"ja":["国籍が外国人の土地・建物の所有を妨げることは一般にありません。所有資格と住宅ローン資格は別の問題です。現金購入でも、銀行口座・本人確認・納税管理人・送金・制裁・登記・継続管理の要件があり、海外から買う非居住者は納税管理人と資金の出所の丁寧な扱いが必要です。一方、通常の居住用住宅ローンは、原則として日本での居住と実際の本人居住を求めます。"]}},{"id":"pr-and-non-pr","heading":{"en":"PR and non-PR routes","ja":"永住と非永住のルート"},"body":{"en":["Permanent residence remains the easiest foreign-resident route because PR holders are often treated much like Japanese applicants for nationality eligibility, though language and documentation requirements remain. Without PR, a non-permanent resident with a Japanese spouse or guarantor may be considered by some banks; a non-PR applicant without a Japanese spouse faces fewer lenders and may need stronger income, employer, Japanese-language, down-payment, and long-term residence evidence. A nonresident living abroad generally cannot obtain an ordinary owner-occupier mortgage; specialist investment or cross-border finance may exist at higher cost and lower LTV.","A practical non-PR lender sequence is: employer or developer partner bank, then PRESTIA (English support, up to ¥500 million, no guarantee fee, purchase and refinance), Tokyo Star Bank (a Star Mortgage expressly marketed to foreign nationals without PR), Suruga Bank (a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents), a regional or relationship bank, a Flat 35 provider if nationality/residence eligibility is met, and then specialist secured or investment finance. Weigh the non-PR premium against the cost and uncertainty of waiting for PR."],"ja":["永住が最も容易なルートである理由は、永住者が国籍要件では日本人申込者とほぼ同様に扱われることが多いためです（ただし言語・書類の要件は残ります）。永住がない場合、日本人配偶者や保証人のいる非永住者は一部の銀行で検討され得ますが、日本人配偶者のいない非永住者は対応行が少なく、より強い収入・雇用主・日本語・頭金・長期在留の証拠が必要になり得ます。海外在住の非居住者は通常の居住用ローンは概ね不可で、専門の投資・クロスボーダー融資が高コスト・低LTVで存在し得ます。","実務的な非永住者の順序は、勤務先やデベロッパーの提携銀行→プレスティア（英語対応、最大5億円、保証料なし、購入・借換）→東京スター銀行（永住のない外国人向けに明示されたスターモーゲージ）→スルガ銀行（日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローン）→地方・取引銀行→国籍・在留の条件を満たせばフラット35→専門の担保・投資融資、です。非永住者のプレミアムを、永住を待つコストと不確実性と天秤にかけましょう。"]}},{"id":"the-file","heading":{"en":"Building a strong file","ja":"強いファイルを作る"},"body":{"en":["A strong foreign-resident mortgage file contains: residence card, passport, resident record, and My Number-related tax documents as requested; PR documentation or a clear explanation of visa category, renewals, and any Japanese spouse or guarantor; Japanese tax certificates and income records for multiple years; an employment certificate, contract, tenure, role, and salary-deposit evidence; full disclosure of domestic and overseas debts; proof of the down payment and source of funds, including translated overseas bank statements where required; Japanese-language capability or an accepted interpreter arrangement; property documents, purchase contract, and important-matters explanation; a written explanation of long-term residence and repayment continuity where requested; and a contingency plan for transfer overseas, loss of visa, divorce, or departure from Japan."],"ja":["強い外国人居住者のローン書類には、在留カード・パスポート・住民票・求めに応じたマイナンバー関連の税書類、永住の証明または在留資格・更新・日本人配偶者や保証人の明確な説明、複数年の日本の課税証明と所得記録、在職証明・雇用契約・勤続・職務・給与振込の証拠、国内外の債務の完全な開示、頭金と資金の出所の証明（必要なら翻訳した海外銀行明細を含む）、日本語能力または認められる通訳の手配、物件書類・売買契約・重要事項説明、求めがあれば長期在留と返済継続の書面説明、そして海外転勤・在留資格喪失・離婚・出国への対応計画、が含まれます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Foreign residents planning to buy","Non-PR residents mapping lender options"],"ja":["購入を計画する外国人居住者","金融機関の選択肢を整理する非永住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Nonresident cash-only structuring advice","Immigration advice"],"ja":["非居住者の現金購入の仕組み助言","入管の助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never misstate residence, income, occupancy, or source of funds; misrepresentation can void the loan and carry legal consequences."],"ja":["在留・収入・居住・資金の出所を偽らないこと。虚偽はローン無効や法的責任を招き得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-buy-foreigner","loan-mortgage-no-pr","loan-pr-mandatory","loan-english-support"],"sources":["prestia-mortgage","tokyostar-mortgage","suruga-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":["flat-35"],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","mortgage-income-documents"]},{"slug":"property-investment-japan","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Property investment in Japan","ja":"日本の不動産投資"},"summary":{"en":"Financing, yields, vacancy, expenses, taxes, cash flow, exit risk, and why owner-occupier loans must never be misused for rentals.","ja":"資金調達・利回り・空室・費用・税金・キャッシュフロー・出口リスク、そして居住用ローンを賃貸に流用してはならない理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Underwrite a Japanese rental as a business using NOI, DSCR, and realistic vacancy and capex — not gross yield — because a 5–6% gross yield can become a thin or negative cash return after costs.","ja":"日本の賃貸は事業として、粗利回りではなくNOI・DSCR・現実的な空室と資本的支出で採算を見ます。粗利回り5〜6%でも費用後は薄いか赤字のキャッシュ利回りになり得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Use NOI, DSCR, cash-on-cash, and break-even occupancy — never gross yield as if it were cash flow.","Do not treat mortgage principal as an operating expense, but do reserve for capital expenditure.","An owner-occupier mortgage cannot casually become an investment loan — misstating occupancy risks acceleration and fraud claims.","Nine million vacant homes is not nine million bargains — most sit in weak-demand locations with title, access, or structural issues."],"ja":["NOI・DSCR・自己資金利回り・損益分岐入居率を使う。粗利回りをキャッシュフローと見なさない。","住宅ローン元金を営業費用に含めない。ただし資本的支出は必ず積み立てる。","居住用ローンは安易に投資ローンにできない。居住の偽装は期限の利益喪失や詐欺の主張を招く。","900万戸の空き家は900万件の掘り出し物ではない。多くは需要の弱い立地で権利・接道・構造に問題がある。"]},"sections":[{"id":"underwrite-as-business","heading":{"en":"Underwrite it as a business","ja":"事業として採算を見る"},"body":{"en":["Effective gross income is scheduled rent minus vacancy, concessions, and bad debt, plus other income. Net operating income (NOI) is effective gross income minus operating expenses — management, association fees, owner-paid utilities, leasing commissions, maintenance, insurance, fixed-asset and city-planning tax, vacancy, and recurring capital expenditure — but not mortgage principal. Cash flow before tax is NOI minus debt service and a capex reserve, and DSCR is NOI divided by annual debt service. There is no universal safe DSCR, but a margin above 1.0 is essential and lenders usually require more.","A property advertised at a 5% gross yield can produce a weak or negative cash yield after costs. A ¥40 million unit renting for ¥200,000/month has a 6.0% gross yield, but after 5% vacancy, ¥360,000 of annual management/association charges, ¥200,000 tax and insurance, ¥150,000 maintenance, and a ¥200,000 capital reserve, illustrative NOI is about ¥1.37 million — roughly 3.4% of price before acquisition costs. Finance that at 2.5% with high leverage and little margin remains."],"ja":["実効総収入は、想定賃料から空室・フリーレント・貸倒れを引き、その他収入を足したものです。NOI（純営業収益）は実効総収入から営業費用（管理・組合費・オーナー負担の光熱費・客付け手数料・維持・保険・固定資産税と都市計画税・空室・継続的な資本的支出）を引いたもので、住宅ローン元金は含みません。税引前キャッシュフローはNOIから元利返済と資本的支出の積立を引いたもので、DSCRはNOI÷年間元利返済です。普遍的な安全DSCRはありませんが、1.0超の余裕は必須で、銀行はより高い水準を求めるのが通常です。","粗利回り5%と広告される物件でも、費用後は薄いか赤字のキャッシュ利回りになり得ます。4,000万円で月20万円の賃料なら粗利回り6.0%ですが、空室5%・年36万円の管理/組合費・20万円の税と保険・15万円の維持・20万円の資本積立の後、例示NOIは約137万円で、取得費用前で価格の約3.4%です。これを2.5%・高レバレッジで借りれば、余裕はほとんど残りません。"]}},{"id":"diligence","heading":{"en":"Investment diligence","ja":"投資のデューデリジェンス"},"body":{"en":["Ask who the tenant is and how deep demand is at the target rent; whether comparables are signed rents or asking rents; the next roof, façade, elevator, pipe, and waterproofing costs; whether the current use, fire systems, and access are compliant; whether financing is fixed, floating, callable, and recourse, and what the refinance assumption is; how the land/building allocation and depreciation are supported for tax; who will buy at exit, at what cap rate, after how many years; and the management fee, renewal fee, repair markup, and cancellation terms. Cap-rate expansion — buyers later demanding a higher yield — reduces value for the same NOI."],"ja":["誰が入居者で、目標賃料での需要はどれほど厚いか。比較事例は成約賃料か募集賃料か。次の屋根・外壁・エレベーター・配管・防水の費用。現在の用途・消防設備・接道が適法か。融資が固定か変動か、期限前返済請求・遡及の有無、借換の前提。土地建物の按分と減価償却が税務上どう裏付けられるか。出口で誰がどの利回りで何年後に買うか。管理料・更新料・修繕のマークアップ・解約条件。キャップレートの拡大（後の買い手がより高い利回りを求めること）は、同じNOIでも価値を下げます。"]}},{"id":"do-not","heading":{"en":"What not to do","ja":"やってはいけないこと"},"body":{"en":["Do not use a residential mortgage for investment unless the lender expressly authorizes it — moving out, long-term renting, Airbnb use, or running a business from the property may breach loan, insurance, building, zoning, or condominium rules, and misstating occupancy can trigger decline, acceleration, fraud concerns, and insurance or tax consequences. Do not rely on future refinancing, do not use gross yield as cash flow, and do not buy a non-rebuildable or leasehold property or an empty rural house without specialist review. Short-term rental (minpaku) is generally limited to 180 days per year nationally, municipalities can restrict it further, and condominium bylaws may prohibit it even where law permits."],"ja":["銀行が明示的に認めない限り、居住用ローンを投資に使わないこと。転居・長期賃貸・民泊・自宅での事業は、ローン・保険・建築・用途地域・管理規約に反し得、居住の偽装は否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺の懸念・保険や税の帰結を招きます。将来の借換に頼らないこと、粗利回りをキャッシュフローとしないこと、再建築不可や借地、地方の空き家を専門家のレビューなしに買わないこと。民泊は国の枠組みで原則年180日まで、自治体はさらに制限でき、法が許しても管理規約が禁じ得ます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents considering a rental purchase","Owner-occupiers tempted to rent out"],"ja":["賃貸用の購入を検討する居住者","賃貸に出したくなった自宅所有者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Large-scale commercial real-estate advice","A specific deal recommendation"],"ja":["大規模商業不動産の助言","個別案件の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Japanese loans are commonly recourse. A vacancy, rate reset, or weak resale can leave you owing more than the property returns."],"ja":["日本のローンは通常リコース（遡及）です。空室・金利上昇・売却難で、物件の回収を超えて負債が残り得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-good-investment","loan-gross-yield","loan-residential-for-investment","loan-vacant-house"],"sources":["stat-housing-survey","mlit-minpaku","mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["investment-property-loans","home-vs-investment-property","renting-out-mortgaged-home","minpaku-homeowners"]},{"slug":"homeownership-japan","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Owning a home in Japan","ja":"日本で家を持つ"},"summary":{"en":"Annual taxes, insurance, repairs, condominium fees, renovations, renting out, and selling — the ongoing cost and duty of ownership.","ja":"毎年の税金・保険・修繕・管理費・リフォーム・賃貸化・売却。保有に伴う継続コストと義務。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Ownership is an ongoing commitment: budget every year for fixed-asset and city-planning tax, insurance, and repairs — self-funded for a house, via management and repair-reserve fees for a condominium.","ja":"保有は継続的な約束です。固定資産税・都市計画税・保険・修繕を毎年見込みます。一戸建ては自己資金、マンションは管理費と修繕積立金で。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Fixed-asset tax (and city-planning tax where applicable) is an annual municipal cost based on assessed value.","A house owner must self-fund roof, exterior, structure, drainage, and termite repairs; a condo owner pays management and repair-reserve fees.","Fire insurance is generally required by lenders; earthquake cover is separate and capped.","Renting out, Airbnb, or moving overseas requires lender, insurer, tax, and building-rule review first."],"ja":["固定資産税（該当地域では都市計画税も）は評価額に基づく毎年の地方税。","一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・構造・排水・シロアリの修繕を自己資金で。マンションは管理費と修繕積立金を払う。","火災保険は概ね融資の要件。地震保険は別建てで上限あり。","賃貸化・民泊・海外転居は、先に融資・保険・税・管理規約の確認が必要。"]},"sections":[{"id":"annual-costs","heading":{"en":"The annual cost of ownership","ja":"保有の年間コスト"},"body":{"en":["Every year an owner pays fixed-asset tax (固定資産税), a municipal tax based on assessed value, plus city-planning tax (都市計画税) within designated urban-planning areas. A condominium owner also pays a monthly management fee (管理費) for ordinary operations and a repair reserve (修繕積立金) for major capital works — the reserve is saved for the future, the management fee is not. A house owner pays neither but must self-fund an equivalent private reserve for roof, exterior, equipment, and structure, because those costs land directly and unevenly over time."],"ja":["オーナーは毎年、評価額に基づく地方税である固定資産税と、都市計画区域内では都市計画税を払います。マンション所有者はさらに、通常運営のための管理費（月次）と、大規模修繕のための修繕積立金を払います。積立金は将来のために貯め、管理費は貯めません。一戸建てはどちらも払いませんが、屋根・外装・設備・構造のために同等の私的積立を自分で用意する必要があります。これらの費用は時間とともに直接かつ不均等に発生するためです。"]}},{"id":"insurance-repairs","heading":{"en":"Insurance and repairs","ja":"保険と修繕"},"body":{"en":["Lenders generally require adequate fire insurance on the building. Earthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance; its insured amount is generally 30–50% of the corresponding fire-insurance amount, capped at ¥50 million for the building and ¥10 million for contents, and it is designed to support recovery rather than guarantee full reconstruction. Ordinary fire insurance generally does not cover earthquake-caused fire, so consider the separate earthquake cover. Review coverage annually and compare external quotes even if a lender or agent offers a bundled policy."],"ja":["融資では通常、建物に十分な火災保険が求められます。地震保険は火災保険に付帯し、保険金額は対応する火災保険金額の概ね30〜50%で、建物5,000万円・家財1,000万円が上限です。完全な再建の保証ではなく、生活再建の支援を目的とします。通常の火災保険は地震による火災を概ね補償しないため、別建ての地震保険を検討します。補償は毎年見直し、融資や代理店のセット提案があっても外部の見積りと比較しましょう。"]}},{"id":"change-of-use","heading":{"en":"Renting out, Airbnb, moving, selling","ja":"賃貸化・民泊・転居・売却"},"body":{"en":["You can rent out a mortgaged home only with lender consent and compliance with loan, tax, insurance, and building rules; converting to an investment property without authorization can breach the loan. Airbnb/minpaku requires national law, municipal ordinance, condominium bylaws, lender, and insurer all to permit it. If you move overseas, notify the lender, insurer, tax authorities, and manager, because owner-occupancy terms may require action. When you sell, brokerage, mortgage release, legal costs, repairs, and tax reduce net proceeds, and a qualifying principal-residence sale may access a special capital-gains deduction of up to ¥30 million subject to conditions."],"ja":["抵当付きの自宅は、融資の同意と、ローン・税・保険・建築規約の順守があって初めて賃貸に出せます。無許可で投資物件に転用するとローン違反になり得ます。民泊は、国の法・自治体条例・管理規約・融資・保険のすべてが認めて初めて可能です。海外へ転居する場合は、居住条件が対応を求め得るため、融資・保険・税務当局・管理会社に届け出ます。売却時は、仲介・抵当抹消・法務費用・修繕・税が手取りを減らし、適格な自宅の売却は条件付きで最大3,000万円の特別控除を使える場合があります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["New and prospective homeowners","Owners planning repairs or a change of use"],"ja":["新規・予定の自宅所有者","修繕や用途変更を計画する所有者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Detailed tax filing instructions","Commercial property management"],"ja":["詳細な確定申告の手順","商業不動産の管理"]},"warnings":{"en":["A low condominium fee is not a saving if it means underfunded reserves and a future special assessment."],"ja":["管理費・積立金が安くても、積立不足で将来の一時金につながるなら得ではありません。"]},"faqs":["loan-condo-fees","loan-rent-out-mortgaged","loan-fire-earthquake","loan-move-overseas"],"sources":["gia-earthquake","tokyo-fixed-asset-tax","nta-home-sale-deduction"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["fixed-asset-tax","home-fire-earthquake-insurance","condominium-management-fees","selling-property-costs"]},{"slug":"rent-vs-buy-japan-guide","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Rent or buy in Japan? The full decision","ja":"日本で賃貸か購入か：総合判断"},"summary":{"en":"Holding period, cash requirements, flexibility, resale, and maintenance — a scenario-based frame rather than a single answer.","ja":"保有期間・必要現金・柔軟性・売却・維持。単一の答えではなくシナリオで考える枠組み。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Buy when your likely holding period is long, your cash reserve is strong, and the property is liquid; rent when flexibility matters or you might leave Japan within a handful of years.","ja":"想定保有が長く、現金の備えが厚く、物件の流動性が高いなら購入。柔軟性が重要か、数年以内に日本を離れ得るなら賃貸が有利です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Length of stay and job stability drive the decision more than the monthly-payment comparison.","Buying needs 6–10% of the price in cash on top of the down payment; renting preserves that liquidity.","Many Japanese buildings depreciate and resale can be slow, so buying is not automatic wealth-building.","Model pessimistic, central, and optimistic resale — plus an early sale after three or five years."],"ja":["判断を左右するのは、月々の比較より滞在期間と職の安定。","購入は頭金に加え価格の6〜10%の現金が必要。賃貸はその流動性を残す。","日本の多くの建物は減価し売却も遅くなり得るため、購入は自動的な資産形成ではない。","売却額は悲観・中央・楽観で、さらに3年・5年での早期売却も試算する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-drives-it","heading":{"en":"What actually drives the decision","ja":"判断を本当に動かすもの"},"body":{"en":["In some countries buying almost always builds wealth; in Japan it is more nuanced. Many homes — especially older wooden houses — depreciate, and resale liquidity varies sharply by location, so a purchase is not automatically an investment win. The land component and prime-area properties behave differently. Renting keeps you flexible, which matters a great deal if your job or country of residence might change within a few years. Decide on holding period and cash strength first, then run the numbers."],"ja":["国によっては購入がほぼ確実に資産形成になりますが、日本はより微妙です。多くの住宅、特に古い木造は減価し、売却のしやすさは立地で大きく異なるため、購入が自動的に投資の勝ちになるわけではありません。土地部分や優良地の物件は挙動が異なります。賃貸は柔軟で、数年で仕事や居住国が変わり得る人には大きな意味があります。まず保有期間と現金の厚さを決め、それから数字を回しましょう。"]}},{"id":"use-scenarios","heading":{"en":"Use scenarios, not one answer","ja":"単一の答えでなくシナリオで"},"body":{"en":["A useful rent-vs-buy comparison models monthly rent, renewal fees, deposit loss, and rent inflation on the renting side; and purchase costs, mortgage, ownership expenses, resale price, selling costs, tax benefits, and the investment return on cash you did not spend on the buying side. Run several scenarios — pessimistic, central, and optimistic resale; zero appreciation; a major repair; and an early sale after three or five years — rather than trusting a single break-even figure. Buying tends to win only when the holding period is long enough to absorb the 6–10% transaction cost.","Key points to carry away: Length of stay and job stability drive the decision more than the monthly-payment comparison; Buying needs 6–10% of the price in cash on top of the down payment; renting preserves that liquidity; Many Japanese buildings depreciate and resale can be slow, so buying is not automatic wealth-building; Model pessimistic, central, and optimistic resale — plus an early sale after three or five years. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["有効な賃貸対購入の比較は、賃貸側では月額家賃・更新料・敷金の損失・家賃上昇を、購入側では諸費用・住宅ローン・保有費用・売却額・売却費用・税制メリット・使わなかった現金の運用リターンをモデル化します。単一の損益分岐に頼らず、悲観・中央・楽観の売却額、値上がりゼロ、大規模修繕、3年・5年での早期売却など複数のシナリオを回します。購入が有利になりがちなのは、保有期間が6〜10%の取引コストを吸収できるほど長いときだけです。","押さえておきたい要点：判断を左右するのは、月々の比較より滞在期間と職の安定。購入は頭金に加え価格の6〜10%の現金が必要。賃貸はその流動性を残す。日本の多くの建物は減価し売却も遅くなり得るため、購入は自動的な資産形成ではない。売却額は悲観・中央・楽観で、さらに3年・5年での早期売却も試算する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents weighing a first home purchase","Anyone unsure how long they will stay"],"ja":["初めての住宅購入を検討する居住者","滞在期間が不確かな人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Property-investment strategy"],"ja":["不動産投資の戦略"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not treat a Japanese home as a guaranteed investment; treat it as shelter first and an investment second."],"ja":["日本の住まいを確実な投資と見なさないこと。まず住まい、次に投資と考えましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-rent-vs-buy","loan-cash-beyond-price","loan-homes-depreciate"],"sources":["mlit-land","mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":["flat-35"],"relatedArticles":["rent-vs-buy-japan","cash-needed-to-buy-property","property-resale-value"]},{"slug":"property-buying-checklist","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Japan property-buying checklist","ja":"日本の不動産購入チェックリスト"},"summary":{"en":"A stage-by-stage checklist from budget to closing, covering financing, diligence, contracts, inspection, and post-purchase tasks.","ja":"予算から決済までの段階別チェックリスト。資金・調査・契約・検査・購入後の手続きを網羅。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Work through five stages — budget and credit, preapproval and search, offer and important-matters review, contract and final approval, inspection and closing — then complete the post-purchase tax and insurance tasks.","ja":"予算と信用→事前審査と物件探し→買付と重要事項確認→契約と本審査→検査と決済の5段階を進め、その後に税と保険の手続きを済ませます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Do not make an offer before preapproval and a clear financing-condition clause.","Read the explanation of important matters early, not minutes before signing.","For a used home, commission an independent inspection where practical.","After closing, file the first-year mortgage-deduction return and note defect deadlines."],"ja":["事前審査と明確な住宅ローン特約の前に買付を出さない。","重要事項説明は署名直前でなく早めに読む。","中古は可能なら独立した検査を依頼する。","決済後は初年度の住宅ローン控除を申告し、瑕疵の期限を控える。"]},"sections":[{"id":"stage-1-2","heading":{"en":"Stages 1–2: budget, credit, preapproval, search","ja":"段階1〜2：予算・信用・事前審査・物件探し"},"body":{"en":["Budget: set a maximum purchase price, a maximum monthly housing outflow (mortgage plus tax, management, reserve, insurance, parking, utilities, and repairs), and a minimum post-closing cash reserve. Credit: check your CIC and JICC records, avoid new debt and repeated applications, and gather withholding slips and tax certificates. Preapproval: obtain preliminary screening (事前審査) so you know your realistic budget. Search: use multiple portals and agents, treat listings as discovery only, and evaluate area — commute, schools, medical care, noise, redevelopment, zoning, slope, and flood/landslide/tsunami/liquefaction exposure using MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library."],"ja":["予算：購入価格の上限、毎月の住居費の上限（ローン＋税・管理費・積立金・保険・駐車場・光熱費・修繕）、決済後に残す最低現金を決めます。信用：CIC・JICCを確認し、新規借入や繰り返しの申込を避け、源泉徴収票や課税証明を集めます。事前審査：仮審査を受け現実的な予算を把握します。物件探し：複数のポータルと仲介を使い、掲載は発見にとどめ、通勤・学校・医療・騒音・再開発・用途地域・傾斜・浸水/土砂/津波/液状化のリスクを国交省の不動産情報ライブラリで評価します。"]}},{"id":"stage-3-4","heading":{"en":"Stages 3–4: offer, important matters, contract, final approval","ja":"段階3〜4：買付・重要事項・契約・本審査"},"body":{"en":["Offer: submit a purchase application (買付証明書) clarifying price, deposit, financing condition, closing date, included fixtures, and inspection/renovation access. Important matters: obtain the 重要事項説明 documents early and review title, road access, zoning, hazards, utilities, leasehold, management, deposits, and cancellation. Contract: sign the purchase agreement and pay earnest money (手付金, commonly 5–10% but not universal), understanding the financing-condition clause and cancellation rights. Final approval: submit the contract, important-matters explanation, tax and income documents, identity and residence records, property documents, and insurance/health declarations for full underwriting."],"ja":["買付：価格・手付・融資特約・引渡日・付帯設備・検査/リフォームの立入を明確にした買付証明書を出します。重要事項：重要事項説明を早めに入手し、権利・接道・用途地域・災害・インフラ・借地・管理・手付・解除を確認します。契約：売買契約を結び手付金（一般に5〜10%だが必須ではない）を払い、住宅ローン特約と解除権を理解します。本審査：契約・重要事項説明・税と所得の書類・本人確認と住民票・物件書類・保険/健康の告知を提出し本格審査を受けます。"]}},{"id":"stage-5-after","heading":{"en":"Stage 5 and after: inspection, closing, post-purchase","ja":"段階5とその後：検査・決済・購入後"},"body":{"en":["Inspection: for a used home, commission an independent qualified inspector; remember a lender appraisal is not a structural inspection and no inspection guarantees no hidden defects. Closing: pay the balance, receive lender disbursement, take keys and possession, and let the judicial scrivener file ownership and mortgage registrations — confirm vacant possession, utilities, prorated taxes and fees, and no unexpected encumbrances. After: file tax claims including the first-year mortgage-deduction return, change your address, retain the contract and cost evidence, note defect-notification deadlines, establish a repair reserve, and review insurance annually."],"ja":["検査：中古は独立した有資格の検査人に依頼します。金融機関の担保評価は構造検査ではなく、いかなる検査も隠れた瑕疵の不存在を保証しません。決済：残代金を払い、融資実行を受け、鍵と占有を受け取り、司法書士に所有権移転と抵当権設定を登記してもらいます。空き渡し・インフラ・税や費用の按分・想定外の担保がないことを確認します。その後：初年度の住宅ローン控除を含む税手続きを行い、住所変更をし、契約と費用の証拠を保管し、瑕疵の通知期限を控え、修繕積立を始め、保険を毎年見直します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers who want a concrete step list","First-time buyers coordinating agents and lenders"],"ja":["具体的な手順表がほしい買主","仲介と金融機関を調整する初回購入者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for professional legal review"],"ja":["専門家による法的確認の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["A checklist reduces mistakes but does not replace a licensed broker, judicial scrivener, and — where needed — an inspector and tax accountant."],"ja":["チェックリストは失敗を減らしますが、宅建士・司法書士、必要に応じて検査人・税理士の代わりにはなりません。"]},"faqs":["loan-financing-clause","loan-earnest-money-size","loan-inspection-guarantee"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library","mlit-inspection"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["buying-property-japan","important-matters-explanation","home-inspections","property-closing-registration"]},{"slug":"how-loans-work","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How loans work in Japan","ja":"日本のローンの仕組み"},"summary":{"en":"Principal, interest, term, repayment, collateral, and default — the mechanics behind every loan.","ja":"元金・利息・期間・返済・担保・債務不履行。あらゆるローンの基本の仕組み。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A loan is principal you repay over a term with interest on the outstanding balance; secured loans pledge collateral for lower rates, and missing payments triggers charges, credit damage, and possible enforcement.","ja":"ローンは、残高に利息を付けて期間内に返す元金です。担保付きは低金利の代わりに担保を差し入れ、延滞は損害金・信用毀損・場合により強制執行を招きます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Interest is charged on the outstanding balance, so early payments on a level-payment loan are mostly interest.","A longer term lowers the monthly payment but usually raises total interest.","Collateral (a registered mortgage) secures a loan; default can lead to enforcement and sale.","Surrendering collateral does not always erase a remaining deficiency."],"ja":["利息は残高に対して発生するため、元利均等では初期の返済は利息が大半。","期間が長いほど毎月の返済は下がるが総利息は通常増える。","担保（抵当権設定）はローンを保全し、債務不履行は強制執行と売却を招き得る。","担保の引き渡しでも残債が消えないことがある。"]},"sections":[{"id":"principal-interest-term","heading":{"en":"Principal, interest, and term","ja":"元金・利息・期間"},"body":{"en":["Principal (元金) is the amount borrowed before interest and fees. Interest (利息) is the price of using that money, charged at a nominal annual rate on the outstanding balance — not on the original principal forever. The loan term (借入期間) is the repayment period: a longer term lowers each monthly payment but usually increases total interest and can carry a rate surcharge. Several banks now permit terms up to 50 years, subject to age, property, and underwriting limits."],"ja":["元金は利息・手数料を除いた借入額です。利息はそのお金を使う対価で、当初元金にずっとではなく残高に対して名目年率で発生します。借入期間は返済期間で、長いほど毎月の返済は下がりますが総利息は通常増え、上乗せがつくこともあります。いくつかの銀行は、年齢・物件・引受の条件付きで最長50年の期間を認めています。"]}},{"id":"repayment-collateral","heading":{"en":"Repayment, collateral, and default","ja":"返済・担保・債務不履行"},"body":{"en":["Amortization (返済予定) is how each payment splits between interest and principal. Secured loans pledge collateral (担保): a mortgage lender registers a first-ranking mortgage over the property, which is why secured loans carry lower rates and longer terms than unsecured card or consumer loans. If you default, late-payment charges (遅延損害金) accrue, but the more serious consequences are credit-record damage, acceleration of the whole balance, guarantee-company performance, collection, and ultimately foreclosure — and surrendering the property does not necessarily erase any remaining deficiency.","Key points to carry away: Interest is charged on the outstanding balance, so early payments on a level-payment loan are mostly interest; A longer term lowers the monthly payment but usually raises total interest; Collateral (a registered mortgage) secures a loan; default can lead to enforcement and sale; Surrendering collateral does not always erase a remaining deficiency. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["返済予定（償却）は各返済が利息と元金にどう分かれるかです。担保付きローンは担保を差し入れます。住宅ローンでは第一順位の抵当権を登記するため、無担保のカード・消費者ローンより低金利・長期になります。債務不履行では遅延損害金が発生しますが、より深刻なのは信用情報の毀損・残高全額の期限の利益喪失・保証会社の代位弁済・回収、そして最終的な競売で、物件を引き渡しても残債が必ず消えるわけではありません。","押さえておきたい要点：利息は残高に対して発生するため、元利均等では初期の返済は利息が大半。期間が長いほど毎月の返済は下がるが総利息は通常増える。担保（抵当権設定）はローンを保全し、債務不履行は強制執行と売却を招き得る。担保の引き渡しでも残債が消えないことがある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone new to borrowing","Buyers comparing loan structures"],"ja":["借入が初めての人","ローンの構造を比較する買主"]},"notFor":{"en":["Debt-restructuring advice"],"ja":["債務整理の助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["Handing back collateral does not always clear the debt; a deficiency can remain after enforcement."],"ja":["担保を返しても債務が消えるとは限りません。執行後も不足額が残り得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-principal","loan-what-interest","loan-what-collateral"],"sources":["fsa-moneylending","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["borrowing-guide","interest-rates","collateral-guarantee-companies","late-payments-default"]},{"slug":"interest-rates","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Understanding Japanese loan interest rates","ja":"日本のローン金利を理解する"},"summary":{"en":"Nominal rate, effective cost, base rate, preferential rate, and how and when rates change.","ja":"名目金利・実効コスト・基準金利・優遇金利、そして金利がいつどう変わるか。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The advertised rate is usually a base (reference) rate minus an approved discount margin; whether that margin is permanent, and how the rate resets, matters as much as the number itself.","ja":"広告金利は通常、基準金利から承認された優遇幅を引いたものです。その優遇が永続か、金利がどう見直されるかは、数字そのものと同じくらい重要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The base (reference) rate is the lender’s starting point; the preferential rate is that minus an approved discount.","A discount margin can be permanent for the term or conditional — confirm which.","Variable rates are commonly reviewed twice a year, but contracts differ.","Japan has left the near-zero era: prime rates rose in 2026 and further changes were pre-announced."],"ja":["基準金利は貸し手の出発点、優遇金利はそこから承認された引下げを引いたもの。","優遇幅は全期間永続の場合と条件付きの場合がある。どちらか確認する。","変動金利は半年ごとの見直しが一般的だが契約により異なる。","日本はゼロ金利期を脱した。2026年にプライムレートが上がり、さらなる変更も予告済み。"]},"sections":[{"id":"base-vs-preferential","heading":{"en":"Base rate vs preferential rate","ja":"基準金利と優遇金利"},"body":{"en":["A lender publishes a base or reference rate (基準金利/店頭金利) and then applies an approved discount margin to produce your preferential rate (優遇金利/適用金利). Two borrowers at the same bank can hold very different rates because their discount margins differ. Critically, ask whether the discount is fixed for the whole term or conditional on keeping certain accounts or services — a discount that can disappear turns an attractive rate into a moving target."],"ja":["貸し手は基準金利（店頭金利）を公表し、承認された優遇幅を適用してあなたの適用金利（優遇金利）を作ります。同じ銀行の二人でも優遇幅が違えば金利は大きく異なります。重要なのは、その優遇が全期間固定か、特定の口座やサービスの維持を条件とするかを尋ねることです。消え得る優遇は、魅力的な金利を不確かなものに変えます。"]}},{"id":"how-rates-change","heading":{"en":"How and when rates change","ja":"金利はいつどう変わるか"},"body":{"en":["A fixed rate (固定金利) is fixed for the whole term or an initial period; a variable rate (変動金利) is periodically reviewed, commonly recalculated twice a year, with the payment changing immediately or under a five-year/125% rule depending on the contract. Those payment rules limit the timing or size of payment changes; they do not stop interest accruing or remove rate risk, and some lenders do not use them — so read the agreement. Because Japan left the near-zero era (the BoJ guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026 and prime rates rose), a variable borrower should model the payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points.","Key points to carry away: The base (reference) rate is the lender’s starting point; the preferential rate is that minus an approved discount; A discount margin can be permanent for the term or conditional — confirm which; Variable rates are commonly reviewed twice a year, but contracts differ; Japan has left the near-zero era: prime rates rose in 2026 and further changes were pre-announced. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["固定金利は全期間または当初期間固定、変動金利は定期的に見直され、一般に半年ごとに再計算され、返済額は即時に変わるか、契約により5年ルール・125%ルールの下で変わります。これらの返済ルールは変更の時期や幅を制限しますが、利息の発生を止めず金利リスクも消しません。使わない貸し手もあるので契約を読みましょう。日本はゼロ金利期を脱した（2026年半ばの日銀目標は約1.0%でプライムも上昇）ため、変動の借り手は提示金利＋1・2・3%での返済額を試算すべきです。","押さえておきたい要点：基準金利は貸し手の出発点、優遇金利はそこから承認された引下げを引いたもの。優遇幅は全期間永続の場合と条件付きの場合がある。どちらか確認する。変動金利は半年ごとの見直しが一般的だが契約により異なる。日本はゼロ金利期を脱した。2026年にプライムレートが上がり、さらなる変更も予告済み。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers comparing quoted rates","Anyone weighing fixed vs variable"],"ja":["提示金利を比較する借り手","固定と変動を比べる人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A rate forecast"],"ja":["金利予測"]},"warnings":{"en":["A low advertised rate may require ≤80% LTV, account conditions, or exclude insurance riders, and can change before disbursement."],"ja":["低い広告金利はLTV80%以下・口座条件・保険特約の除外を要し得、実行前に変わることもあります。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-base-rate","loan-what-preferential","loan-discount-disappear","loan-variable-change-frequency"],"sources":["boj-policy","boj-call-rate","mizuho-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["fixed-variable-interest-explained","mortgage-apr-total-cost","mortgage-rates"]},{"slug":"mortgage-apr-total-cost","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"APR and the true cost of a Japanese mortgage","ja":"実質年率と日本の住宅ローンの本当のコスト"},"summary":{"en":"Why headline rates are incomplete: origination fees, insurance, registration, and holding period.","ja":"表面金利では不十分な理由：事務手数料・保険・登記・保有期間。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Japanese mortgage ads emphasize the nominal rate and state fees separately, so you must calculate an effective cost from the execution rate, the 2.2% origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and your expected holding period.","ja":"日本の住宅ローン広告は名目金利を強調し手数料は別記するため、実行金利・2.2%の事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・想定保有期間から実効コストを自分で計算する必要があります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Japan has no single standardized all-in APR display; you build the effective cost yourself.","A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs.","A nominally lower rate can be the more expensive loan for a short holding period.","Include registration, judicial-scrivener fees, insurance, and any early-repayment charge."],"ja":["日本に単一の標準化された総費用APR表示はなく、実効コストは自分で作る。","5,000万円の融資に2.20%の事務手数料は、他費用前で110万円。","保有期間が短ければ、名目上低い金利のほうが高くつくことがある。","登記・司法書士報酬・保険・繰上返済手数料を含める。"]},"sections":[{"id":"why-headline-incomplete","heading":{"en":"Why the headline rate is incomplete","ja":"表面金利が不十分な理由"},"body":{"en":["In international usage, APR combines interest and specified fees into one annualized borrowing cost. Japanese mortgage advertising commonly emphasizes the nominal annual rate and states fees separately, rather than presenting one universally comparable all-in APR. The reviewed lender pages, for example, state rates and 2.20% origination fees separately. To compare fairly you must calculate an effective cost using the execution rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration and license tax, judicial-scrivener fees, and — decisively — your expected holding period."],"ja":["国際的にはAPRは利息と所定の手数料を一つの年率化した借入コストにまとめます。日本の住宅ローン広告は普遍的に比較できる総費用APRではなく、名目年率を強調し手数料を別記するのが一般的です。実際、確認した各行のページも金利と2.20%の事務手数料を別々に記しています。公平に比較するには、実行金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登録免許税・司法書士報酬、そして決定的に想定保有期間を使って実効コストを計算する必要があります。"]}},{"id":"worked-frame","heading":{"en":"An all-in cost worksheet","ja":"総費用ワークシート"},"body":{"en":["Add up: interest over your expected holding period; the origination fee (often 2.20% — ¥1.10 million on ¥50 million) or a guarantee fee; group credit life insurance and any riders; appraisal; registration and license tax; judicial-scrivener fees; account conditions needed to keep a discount; and any early-repayment charge. Then subtract the opportunity cost of the down payment. Two loans with the same rate can differ by over a million yen once fees are counted, and a low-rate loan with a large fee is a poor fit for a borrower who expects to sell or refinance within a few years.","Key points to carry away: Japan has no single standardized all-in APR display; you build the effective cost yourself; A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs; A nominally lower rate can be the more expensive loan for a short holding period; Include registration, judicial-scrivener fees, insurance, and any early-repayment charge. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["合計します：想定保有期間の利息、事務手数料（多くは2.20%＝5,000万円で110万円）または保証料、団信と特約、鑑定、登録免許税、司法書士報酬、優遇維持に必要な口座条件、繰上返済手数料。そこから頭金の機会費用を差し引きます。同じ金利の二つのローンでも、手数料を数えると100万円以上差が出ることがあり、手数料の大きい低金利ローンは、数年で売却・借換を見込む借り手には不向きです。","押さえておきたい要点：日本に単一の標準化された総費用APR表示はなく、実効コストは自分で作る。5,000万円の融資に2.20%の事務手数料は、他費用前で110万円。保有期間が短ければ、名目上低い金利のほうが高くつくことがある。登記・司法書士報酬・保険・繰上返済手数料を含める。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers comparing offers across lenders","Short-to-medium-term owners"],"ja":["各行の提示を比較する借り手","短〜中期の所有者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A tax-deduction calculation"],"ja":["税額控除の計算"]},"warnings":{"en":["“No guarantee fee” may mean a higher percentage origination fee or a rate-loaded cost — always compare the total."],"ja":["「保証料なし」は事務手数料率の上昇や金利上乗せを意味し得ます。必ず総額で比較を。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-apr","loan-cheapest-mortgage","loan-total-cost"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","mufg-mortgage","jibun-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-fees","read-mortgage-quote","compare-mortgage-lenders"]},{"slug":"fixed-variable-interest-explained","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Fixed and variable interest explained","ja":"固定金利と変動金利の解説"},"summary":{"en":"Fixed, variable, fixed-period, repricing, and rate risk — what each structure does to your payment.","ja":"固定・変動・固定期間選択・見直し・金利リスク。各構造が返済額に与える影響。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Fixed rates cost more now but remove interest-rate risk; variable rates are cheaper now but shift that risk to you — choose variable only if you can absorb a 2–3 point rise without selling.","ja":"固定は今は高いが金利リスクを取り除き、変動は今は安いがそのリスクをあなたに移します。2〜3%の上昇を売らずに吸収できる場合のみ変動を選びましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Fixed (including Flat 35) locks the rate; a 10-year fixed-selection loan resets after 10 years.","Variable is reviewed periodically; the household bears any increase.","A borrower who can only afford the loan at the initial rate cannot safely afford it.","Mixed-rate loans split exposure but add complexity and two sets of assumptions."],"ja":["固定（フラット35を含む）は金利を固定。10年固定選択型は10年後に見直し。","変動は定期的に見直され、上昇は家計が負担する。","当初金利でしか返済できない借り手は、そのローンを安全には負担できない。","ミックス型はリスクを分けるが複雑さと二組の前提が増える。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-structures","heading":{"en":"The four structures","ja":"4つの構造"},"body":{"en":["A fully fixed rate (including Flat 35) holds for the entire term. A fixed-period or fixed-selection loan (e.g. 10-year fixed) fixes the rate for an initial window and then reprices at the then-current rate and contractual discount — a 10-year fixed loan is not a 35-year fully fixed loan. A variable rate is reviewed periodically, commonly twice a year. A mixed-rate loan splits the borrowing between variable and fixed portions, reducing concentration but requiring you to manage two sets of assumptions."],"ja":["全期間固定（フラット35を含む）は全期間一定です。固定期間選択型（例：10年固定）は当初期間だけ固定し、その後は当時の金利と契約上の優遇で見直されます。10年固定は35年全期間固定ではありません。変動金利は定期的（一般に半年ごと）に見直されます。ミックス型は借入を変動と固定に分け、集中を減らしますが、二組の前提を管理する必要があります。"]}},{"id":"rate-risk","heading":{"en":"Rate risk and the stress test","ja":"金利リスクとストレステスト"},"body":{"en":["Variable-rate loans now require a genuine stress test. A household that can afford a loan only at the initial rate cannot safely afford that loan. Choose variable only if the household survives a 2–3 point rise without selling — model the payment at +1, +2, and +3 points and check that stressed housing costs stay within a prudent share of net income. Fixed removes specified interest-rate risk, but not income, property, inflation, or life risk, so it is not \"risk-free.\"","Key points to carry away: Fixed (including Flat 35) locks the rate; a 10-year fixed-selection loan resets after 10 years; Variable is reviewed periodically; the household bears any increase; A borrower who can only afford the loan at the initial rate cannot safely afford it; Mixed-rate loans split exposure but add complexity and two sets of assumptions. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["変動金利は今や本気のストレステストが必要です。当初金利でしか返済できない家計は、そのローンを安全には負担できません。2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる場合のみ変動を選び、＋1・＋2・＋3%での返済額を試算し、ストレス下の住居費が手取りの堅実な割合に収まるか確認します。固定は所定の金利リスクを取り除きますが、収入・物件・インフレ・人生のリスクは消さないため「無リスク」ではありません。","押さえておきたい要点：固定（フラット35を含む）は金利を固定。10年固定選択型は10年後に見直し。変動は定期的に見直され、上昇は家計が負担する。当初金利でしか返済できない借り手は、そのローンを安全には負担できない。ミックス型はリスクを分けるが複雑さと二組の前提が増える。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers choosing a rate type","Households modeling affordability"],"ja":["金利タイプを選ぶ借り手","返済能力を試算する家計"]},"notFor":{"en":["A prediction of future rates"],"ja":["将来金利の予測"]},"warnings":{"en":["Under some payment-limiting rules, unpaid interest can build up when the rate rises faster than the payment."],"ja":["一部の返済制限ルールの下では、金利が返済額より速く上がると未払利息が積み上がり得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-fixed","loan-what-variable","loan-fixed-risk-free","loan-unpaid-interest"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","mizuho-mortgage","resona-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":["flat-35"],"relatedArticles":["fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","five-year-125-percent-rule","variable-rate-mortgages","fixed-rate-mortgages"]},{"slug":"mortgage-amortization","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How mortgage payments and amortization work","ja":"住宅ローンの返済と償却の仕組み"},"summary":{"en":"Level payment vs level principal, interest allocation, and how the term changes total interest.","ja":"元利均等と元金均等、利息の配分、期間が総利息をどう変えるか。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A level-payment loan keeps the scheduled payment steady with mostly interest early on; a level-principal loan repays equal principal each month, starting higher but costing less total interest.","ja":"元利均等は返済額を一定に保ち初期は利息が大半、元金均等は毎月同じ元金を返し、高く始まりますが総利息は少なくなります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["On a level-payment loan, early payments are mostly interest because the balance is largest at the start.","Level-principal repayment starts higher and declines, saving total interest, but is not offered everywhere.","A one- or two-point rate difference becomes large over 35 years.","A longer term lowers the monthly payment but raises total interest."],"ja":["元利均等では初期は残高が最大なので返済の大半が利息。","元金均等は高く始まり下がり総利息を抑えるが、全行が扱うわけではない。","1〜2%の金利差も35年では大きくなる。","期間が長いほど毎月は下がるが総利息は増える。"]},"sections":[{"id":"two-methods","heading":{"en":"Level payment vs level principal","ja":"元利均等と元金均等"},"body":{"en":["Level principal-and-interest (元利均等返済) keeps the scheduled payment level until a rate or payment reset, but the principal component grows over time — early payments are mostly interest. Level principal (元金均等返済) repays the same principal amount each month, so payments start higher and decline, reducing total interest relative to a comparable level-payment loan; it is not offered by every lender. Level payment eases early cash flow; level principal saves interest for borrowers who can afford higher early payments."],"ja":["元利均等返済は返済額を（金利や返済の見直しまで）一定に保ちますが、元金部分は時間とともに増え、初期は利息が大半です。元金均等返済は毎月同じ元金を返すため、返済額は高く始まり下がり、同条件の元利均等より総利息を抑えます。全行が扱うわけではありません。元利均等は初期の資金繰りを楽にし、元金均等は初期の高い返済を負担できる人に利息の節約をもたらします。"]}},{"id":"rate-and-term-effect","heading":{"en":"Why rate and term matter so much","ja":"金利と期間が効く理由"},"body":{"en":["For a ¥50 million, 35-year, fully amortizing level-payment loan, the approximate monthly payment and total interest rise steeply with the rate: about ¥139,900/month and ¥8.74 million total interest at 0.945%; ¥153,100 and ¥14.30 million at 1.50%; ¥165,600 and ¥19.57 million at 2.00%; ¥178,700 and ¥25.07 million at 2.50%; ¥200,600 and ¥34.26 million at 3.29%; and ¥221,400 and ¥42.98 million at 4.00%. These exclude fees and payment-rule effects, but they show why a \"small\" one- or two-point difference becomes financially large over decades — and why a longer term, though it lowers the monthly figure, raises total interest.","Key points to carry away: On a level-payment loan, early payments are mostly interest because the balance is largest at the start; Level-principal repayment starts higher and declines, saving total interest, but is not offered everywhere; A one- or two-point rate difference becomes large over 35 years; A longer term lowers the monthly payment but raises total interest. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["5,000万円・35年・元利均等の全額償却ローンでは、毎月の返済額と総利息は金利とともに急に増えます。0.945%で月約139,900円・総利息約874万円、1.50%で約153,100円・1,430万円、2.00%で約165,600円・1,957万円、2.50%で約178,700円・2,507万円、3.29%で約200,600円・3,426万円、4.00%で約221,400円・4,298万円です。手数料や返済ルールの影響は除きますが、「わずか」1〜2%の差が数十年で金額として大きくなること、そして期間を延ばすと毎月は下がっても総利息は増えることを示します。","押さえておきたい要点：元利均等では初期は残高が最大なので返済の大半が利息。元金均等は高く始まり下がり総利息を抑えるが、全行が扱うわけではない。1〜2%の金利差も35年では大きくなる。期間が長いほど毎月は下がるが総利息は増える。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers choosing a repayment method","Anyone modeling total interest"],"ja":["返済方法を選ぶ借り手","総利息を試算する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A specific lender quote"],"ja":["個別行の見積り"]},"warnings":{"en":["The illustration excludes fees, insurance, taxes, and payment-rule effects — always add those before deciding."],"ja":["この例は手数料・保険・税・返済ルールの影響を除いています。判断前に必ず加えてください。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-amortization","loan-level-principal-interest","loan-level-principal"],"sources":["jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["repayment-method-comparison","interest-rates","early-repayment"]},{"slug":"five-year-125-percent-rule","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Japan’s five-year and 125% mortgage rules","ja":"日本の5年ルールと125%ルール"},"summary":{"en":"What the rules do, what they do not do, unpaid-interest risk, and how lenders differ.","ja":"ルールが何をして何をしないか、未払利息のリスク、貸し手ごとの違い。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The five-year rule delays payment recalculation and the 125% rule caps a payment increase at 125% at review — but neither caps the interest rate nor stops interest accruing, and some lenders do not use them at all.","ja":"5年ルールは返済額の再計算を遅らせ、125%ルールは見直し時の増加を125%までに抑えます。ただしどちらも金利に上限を設けず利息の発生も止めず、使わない貸し手もあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The five-year rule keeps the payment unchanged for a period even if the rate rises.","The 125% rule limits a payment increase to 125% of the prior payment at review.","Neither rule caps the interest rate or prevents interest from accruing.","When interest exceeds the scheduled payment, unpaid interest can build up."],"ja":["5年ルールは金利が上がっても一定期間は返済額を据え置く。","125%ルールは見直し時の返済額の増加を従前の125%までに抑える。","どちらも金利に上限を設けず利息の発生も止めない。","利息が予定返済額を超えると、未払利息が積み上がり得る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-they-do","heading":{"en":"What the rules do and don’t do","ja":"ルールがすることとしないこと"},"body":{"en":["On some variable loans, the payment amount is recalculated only every five years even if the rate is reviewed twice a year (the \"five-year rule\"), and when it is recalculated any increase is limited to 125% of the previous payment (the \"125% rule\"). These conventions limit the timing and size of payment changes — they smooth the shock. They do not cap the interest rate, do not stop interest accruing, and do not reduce the total you owe. Some lenders do not use these conventions at all, so read the actual agreement rather than assuming they apply."],"ja":["一部の変動ローンでは、金利が半年ごとに見直されても返済額は5年ごとにしか再計算されず（5年ルール）、再計算時の増加は従前の125%までに制限されます（125%ルール）。これらは変更の時期と幅を制限し、ショックを和らげます。しかし金利に上限を設けず、利息の発生を止めず、負債総額を減らしもしません。これらを一切使わない貸し手もいるため、適用を仮定せず実際の契約を読みましょう。"]}},{"id":"unpaid-interest","heading":{"en":"The unpaid-interest risk","ja":"未払利息のリスク"},"body":{"en":["The danger is subtle: if the rate rises far enough that the interest due exceeds the capped payment, the shortfall becomes unpaid interest (未払利息) that can accumulate on top of the principal. The payment feels stable, but the debt is quietly growing, and at the end of the smoothing period a large recalculated payment or a residual balance can appear. This is why a variable borrower must stress-test at higher rates and keep reserves, rather than treating the five-year/125% rules as protection against rising rates.","Key points to carry away: The five-year rule keeps the payment unchanged for a period even if the rate rises; The 125% rule limits a payment increase to 125% of the prior payment at review; Neither rule caps the interest rate or prevents interest from accruing; When interest exceeds the scheduled payment, unpaid interest can build up. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["危険は分かりにくいものです。金利が十分に上がり、発生する利息が上限付きの返済額を超えると、その不足分が未払利息となり元金の上に積み上がり得ます。返済額は安定して見えても負債は静かに増え、緩和期間の終わりに大きく再計算された返済額や残債が現れ得ます。だからこそ変動の借り手は、5年・125%ルールを金利上昇への保護と見なさず、高い金利でストレステストを行い、備えを持つべきです。","押さえておきたい要点：5年ルールは金利が上がっても一定期間は返済額を据え置く。125%ルールは見直し時の返済額の増加を従前の125%までに抑える。どちらも金利に上限を設けず利息の発生も止めない。利息が予定返済額を超えると、未払利息が積み上がり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Variable-rate borrowers","Anyone reading a variable loan contract"],"ja":["変動金利の借り手","変動ローン契約を読む人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Fixed-rate-only borrowers"],"ja":["固定金利のみの借り手"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not treat the five-year/125% rules as a rate cap; unpaid interest can accumulate and surface later."],"ja":["5年・125%ルールを金利上限と見なさないこと。未払利息が積み上がり後に表面化し得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-five-year-rule","loan-125-rule","loan-all-variable-rules","loan-unpaid-interest"],"sources":["resona-mortgage","mizuho-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["fixed-variable-interest-explained","variable-rate-mortgages","mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},{"slug":"loan-to-value-down-payment","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Loan-to-value and down payments","ja":"LTV（融資比率）と頭金"},"summary":{"en":"How LTV is calculated, the 80% and 90% thresholds, zero-down risks, and appraisal value.","ja":"LTVの計算、80%・90%の閾値、フルローンのリスク、担保評価。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"LTV is the loan divided by the lender-recognized property value; a lower LTV (a bigger down payment) usually improves pricing and approval, while zero-down financing raises leverage and negative-equity risk.","ja":"LTVは融資額÷金融機関が認める物件評価です。LTVが低い（頭金が多い）ほど条件と承認が良くなりがちで、フルローンはレバレッジと担保割れのリスクを高めます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["LTV = loan ÷ lender-recognized property value (or price).","Many lenders price better at ≤80% LTV; some add a surcharge above 80%.","Zero-down or >100% financing can leave you in negative equity with no cash for fees or repairs.","The lender’s recognized value may be below the purchase price."],"ja":["LTV＝融資額÷金融機関が認める物件評価（または価格）。","多くの銀行はLTV80%以下で条件が良く、80%超で上乗せする銀行もある。","フルローンや100%超融資は担保割れを招き、諸費用や修繕の現金が残らないことがある。","金融機関が認める評価額は購入価格を下回ることがある。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-ltv-works","heading":{"en":"How LTV works","ja":"LTVの仕組み"},"body":{"en":["Loan-to-value is the loan divided by the lender-recognized property value or price. Because the lender’s recognized value can be below the price you agreed, your effective LTV may be higher than you expect. Many lenders offer their best pricing at 80% LTV or lower and add a surcharge above it — au Jibun Bank, for example, adds 0.045 percentage points above 80% LTV. A larger down payment lowers LTV, which generally improves both the rate and the approval odds."],"ja":["LTVは融資額を金融機関が認める物件評価または価格で割ったものです。認められる評価は合意した価格を下回り得るため、実効LTVは想定より高くなることがあります。多くの銀行はLTV80%以下で最良の条件を出し、それを超えると上乗せします。例えばau Jibun Bankは80%超で0.045%を加えます。頭金を増やすとLTVが下がり、金利も承認確率も概ね良くなります。"]}},{"id":"zero-down-risk","heading":{"en":"The risk of zero-down financing","ja":"フルローンのリスク"},"body":{"en":["Some loans finance 90%, 100%, or even more than 100% of the price by including transaction costs, but this raises leverage and risk. With little or no equity, a buyer can quickly fall into negative equity if the property’s market value dips or depreciates, and may have no cash left for closing fees, repairs, or emergencies. A prudent buyer keeps a down payment and a separate reserve for the 6–10% of closing costs rather than borrowing everything.","Key points to carry away: LTV = loan ÷ lender-recognized property value (or price); Many lenders price better at ≤80% LTV; some add a surcharge above 80%; Zero-down or >100% financing can leave you in negative equity with no cash for fees or repairs; The lender’s recognized value may be below the purchase price. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["諸費用を含めて価格の90%・100%、さらに100%超を融資するローンもありますが、レバレッジとリスクが上がります。自己資本がほとんどないと、市場価値が下がったり減価したりすると買主はすぐに担保割れに陥り、諸費用・修繕・緊急時の現金が残らないことがあります。堅実な買主はすべてを借りず、頭金と、6〜10%の諸費用に充てる別枠の備えを持ちます。","押さえておきたい要点：LTV＝融資額÷金融機関が認める物件評価（または価格）。多くの銀行はLTV80%以下で条件が良く、80%超で上乗せする銀行もある。フルローンや100%超融資は担保割れを招き、諸費用や修繕の現金が残らないことがある。金融機関が認める評価額は購入価格を下回ることがある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers deciding a down-payment size","Borrowers comparing LTV-based pricing"],"ja":["頭金の額を決める買主","LTV別の金利を比較する借り手"]},"notFor":{"en":["Investment-property leverage strategy"],"ja":["投資用物件のレバレッジ戦略"]},"warnings":{"en":["Financing more than the value leaves no equity buffer; a small price dip can put you underwater."],"ja":["評価以上の融資は自己資本の緩衝を残しません。わずかな価格下落で担保割れになり得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-how-much-down","loan-zero-down-safe","loan-what-ltv","loan-ltv-over-100"],"sources":["jibun-mortgage","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["down-payment-comparison","cash-needed-to-buy-property","mortgage-rates"]},{"slug":"debt-to-income-japan","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Debt-to-income and mortgage affordability","ja":"返済負担率と住宅ローンの返済能力"},"summary":{"en":"Debt-service ratios, qualifying income, and household affordability versus the bank maximum.","ja":"返済負担率・審査対象所得、そして家計の余裕と銀行の上限。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The debt-service ratio is annual scheduled repayments ÷ qualifying income; Flat 35 generally allows up to 30% below ¥4 million income and 35% at or above it, but the lender’s maximum is not a prudent household target.","ja":"返済負担率は年間返済額÷審査対象所得です。フラット35は概ね年収400万円未満で30%、以上で35%までですが、銀行の上限は家計の適切な目標ではありません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Debt-service ratio = annual scheduled repayments ÷ qualifying annual income.","Flat 35: generally ≤30% for income below ¥4 million, ≤35% at ¥4 million or more.","The ratio counts all debts, not just the mortgage — car loans and card limits reduce your headroom.","A lower ratio is safer after tax, childcare, pension, maintenance, and rate increases."],"ja":["返済負担率＝年間返済額÷審査対象の年収。","フラット35：年収400万円未満で30%以下、400万円以上で35%以下が一般的。","比率は住宅ローンだけでなく全債務を数える。自動車ローンやカード枠が余裕を減らす。","税・育児・年金・維持費・金利上昇を考えると、低い比率のほうが安全。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-ratio","heading":{"en":"The debt-service ratio","ja":"返済負担率"},"body":{"en":["The debt-service ratio (返済負担率) is usually annual scheduled repayments divided by qualifying annual income, and it counts all your debts — the new mortgage plus car loans, card-loan minimums, and other obligations. Flat 35’s published framework generally allows total annual debt repayments of no more than 30% for income below ¥4 million and 35% for income of ¥4 million or more. Qualifying income for the self-employed or variable earners is often a normalized, lower figure, and existing debts directly reduce the mortgage you can be approved for."],"ja":["返済負担率は通常、年間返済額を審査対象の年収で割ったもので、新しい住宅ローンに加え自動車ローン・カードローンの最低返済など全債務を数えます。フラット35の基準は概ね、年収400万円未満で総返済負担率30%以下、400万円以上で35%以下を認めます。自営や変動収入の審査対象所得はしばしば正規化された低めの数字で、既存の債務はそのまま承認される住宅ローン額を減らします。"]}},{"id":"bank-max-vs-prudent","heading":{"en":"Bank maximum vs prudent target","ja":"銀行の上限と適切な目標"},"body":{"en":["A lender’s maximum is not a household recommendation. The published ratio is an underwriting ceiling; a prudent household usually targets a lower ratio after accounting for income tax, resident tax, national pension, national health insurance, childcare, ongoing maintenance, and the possibility of rate increases on a variable loan. Borrowing the maximum approved leaves no margin for a rate rise or a life change, so decide affordability on your own stressed budget, not on the bank’s ceiling.","Key points to carry away: Debt-service ratio = annual scheduled repayments ÷ qualifying annual income; Flat 35: generally ≤30% for income below ¥4 million, ≤35% at ¥4 million or more; The ratio counts all debts, not just the mortgage — car loans and card limits reduce your headroom; A lower ratio is safer after tax, childcare, pension, maintenance, and rate increases. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["銀行の上限は家計への推奨ではありません。公表された比率は引受の天井で、堅実な家計は所得税・住民税・国民年金・国民健康保険・育児・継続的な維持費・変動ローンの金利上昇の可能性を考慮し、通常はより低い比率を目標にします。承認上限まで借りると金利上昇や人生の変化に対する余裕が残らないため、返済能力は銀行の天井ではなく、自分のストレスをかけた家計で判断しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：返済負担率＝年間返済額÷審査対象の年収。フラット35：年収400万円未満で30%以下、400万円以上で35%以下が一般的。比率は住宅ローンだけでなく全債務を数える。自動車ローンやカード枠が余裕を減らす。税・育児・年金・維持費・金利上昇を考えると、低い比率のほうが安全。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers sizing a mortgage","Households with existing debts"],"ja":["ローン額を見積もる買主","既存の債務がある家計"]},"notFor":{"en":["A guaranteed approval amount"],"ja":["確定した承認額"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not borrow the maximum approved; it leaves no cushion for a rate rise or an income drop."],"ja":["承認上限まで借りないこと。金利上昇や収入減の余裕が残りません。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-dti","loan-flat35-ratios","loan-borrow-maximum"],"sources":["jhf-repayment-ratio","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":["flat-35"],"relatedArticles":["property-budget","debt-before-mortgage","mortgage-affordability-calculator"]},{"slug":"preapproval-final-approval","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mortgage preapproval vs final approval","ja":"住宅ローンの事前審査と本審査"},"summary":{"en":"What each stage checks, validity, property underwriting, and why approval can still fail.","ja":"各段階が何を確認するか、有効期限、物件審査、承認がなお失敗し得る理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Preapproval is a preliminary screening on stated information and is not a promise to lend; final approval is full underwriting of you and the property, and it can still fail if documents, appraisal, insurance, employment, debt, or property eligibility change.","ja":"事前審査は申告情報による予備審査で融資の約束ではありません。本審査は申込者と物件の本格的な引受で、書類・担保評価・保険・雇用・債務・物件の適格性が変わればなお否決され得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Preapproval (事前審査) screens stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property — not a promise.","Final approval (本審査) is full underwriting after detailed documents and property checks.","Approval can fail after preapproval if documents differ, the appraisal is weak, or insurance is unavailable.","Get preapproval before making an offer, and avoid job changes or new debt until closing."],"ja":["事前審査は申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件を確認するが約束ではない。","本審査は詳細書類と物件確認後の本格的な引受。","書類の相違・担保評価の弱さ・保険不承認があれば、事前審査後でも否決され得る。","買付前に事前審査を取り、決済まで転職や新規借入を避ける。"]},"sections":[{"id":"two-stages","heading":{"en":"Two stages, two purposes","ja":"2つの段階、2つの目的"},"body":{"en":["Preapproval (事前審査/仮審査) is an initial screening using your stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property information. It gives you a realistic budget and lets you act quickly, but it is not a promise to lend. Final approval (本審査) is full underwriting after you submit detailed documents and the lender checks the property — the sale contract, important-matters explanation, tax and income documents, identity and residence records, property documents, and insurance/health declarations all come into play here."],"ja":["事前審査（仮審査）は、申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件情報による初期審査です。現実的な予算を与え素早く動けるようにしますが、融資の約束ではありません。本審査は、詳細書類の提出と物件確認の後の本格的な引受で、売買契約・重要事項説明・税と所得の書類・本人確認と住民票・物件書類・保険/健康の告知がここで問われます。"]}},{"id":"why-it-fails","heading":{"en":"Why final approval can still fail","ja":"本審査がなお失敗する理由"},"body":{"en":["Approval can fail or change after preapproval if the documents differ from what you stated, the appraisal comes in weak, group credit life insurance is unavailable because of health, your employment changes, new debt appears, or the property turns out to be ineligible (for example, leasehold terms, floor area, legality, or rebuildability). To protect yourself, get preapproval before making an offer, draft the financing-condition clause carefully, and avoid material changes — job moves, new loans, large purchases — between preapproval and closing.","Key points to carry away: Preapproval (事前審査) screens stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property — not a promise; Final approval (本審査) is full underwriting after detailed documents and property checks; Approval can fail after preapproval if documents differ, the appraisal is weak, or insurance is unavailable; Get preapproval before making an offer, and avoid job changes or new debt until closing. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["申告と書類が異なる、担保評価が低く出る、健康上の理由で団信に加入できない、雇用が変わる、新規債務が現れる、物件が不適格（借地条件・床面積・適法性・再建築可否など）と判明する、といった場合、事前審査後でも承認が失敗・変更され得ます。身を守るには、買付前に事前審査を取り、住宅ローン特約を丁寧に取り決め、事前審査から決済までの間に転職・新規借入・大きな買い物などの重大な変化を避けましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：事前審査は申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件を確認するが約束ではない。本審査は詳細書類と物件確認後の本格的な引受。書類の相違・担保評価の弱さ・保険不承認があれば、事前審査後でも否決され得る。買付前に事前審査を取り、決済まで転職や新規借入を避ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers about to make an offer","Anyone timing a job change"],"ja":["買付を出す直前の買主","転職の時期を計る人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A guaranteed approval"],"ja":["確定した承認"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not change jobs or take on new debt between preapproval and closing unless disclosed and accepted."],"ja":["事前審査から決済までは、開示・承諾なしに転職や新規借入をしないこと。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-preapproval","loan-what-final-approval","loan-approval-fail","loan-change-jobs"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","mufg-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-preapproval","mortgage-financing-clause","employment-mortgage-approval"]},{"slug":"collateral-guarantee-companies","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Collateral, mortgage registration and guarantee companies","ja":"担保・抵当権設定・保証会社"},"summary":{"en":"Registered mortgage, guarantee-company role, guarantors, and default consequences.","ja":"抵当権登記・保証会社の役割・保証人・債務不履行の帰結。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A mortgage lender registers a first-ranking mortgage over the property; a guarantee company can pay the bank if you default, but you then owe the guarantee company, and a joint guarantor takes on extensive liability.","ja":"住宅ローンでは第一順位の抵当権を登記します。保証会社は債務不履行時に銀行へ代位弁済し得ますが、その後はあなたが保証会社に負い、連帯保証人は広範な責任を負います。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The lender registers a first-ranking mortgage (抵当権) over the property.","A guarantee company (保証会社) screens you and can pay the bank on default — but you then owe the guarantor.","Guarantee performance does not erase your debt; the claim transfers to the guarantee company.","A joint guarantor (連帯保証人) is not a character reference — the liability can be extensive."],"ja":["貸し手は物件に第一順位の抵当権を登記する。","保証会社は審査し、債務不履行時に銀行へ代位弁済し得るが、その後はあなたが保証会社に負う。","代位弁済で債務は消えない。請求権は保証会社に移る。","連帯保証人は人物保証ではない。責任は広範になり得る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"mortgage-registration","heading":{"en":"Collateral and mortgage registration","ja":"担保と抵当権設定"},"body":{"en":["Collateral (担保) is an asset securing the loan. A mortgage lender registers a first-ranking mortgage (抵当権) over the property, which gives the lower rates and longer terms of secured lending. If you default, enforcement can lead to a sale, and surrendering the property does not necessarily erase any remaining deficiency — you can still owe the shortfall between the sale proceeds and the balance."],"ja":["担保はローンを保全する資産です。住宅ローンでは物件に第一順位の抵当権を登記し、これが担保付き融資の低金利と長期を可能にします。債務不履行では執行により売却に至り得、物件を引き渡しても残債が必ず消えるわけではありません。売却代金と残高の差額（不足分）をなお負い得ます。"]}},{"id":"guarantee-and-guarantor","heading":{"en":"Guarantee companies and joint guarantors","ja":"保証会社と連帯保証人"},"body":{"en":["A guarantee company (保証会社) guarantees repayment to the lender after screening you. If it pays the bank on your default, your debt is not erased — the claim generally transfers to the guarantee company, which then pursues you. A \"no guarantee fee\" product may instead charge a percentage-based origination fee or build the cost into the rate, so compare the total. A joint guarantor (連帯保証人) is a person liable under the guarantee terms; this is not merely a character reference, the liability can be extensive, and it should never be accepted casually.","Key points to carry away: The lender registers a first-ranking mortgage (抵当権) over the property; A guarantee company (保証会社) screens you and can pay the bank on default — but you then owe the guarantor; Guarantee performance does not erase your debt; the claim transfers to the guarantee company; A joint guarantor (連帯保証人) is not a character reference — the liability can be extensive. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["保証会社は審査のうえ、貸し手への返済を保証します。あなたの債務不履行で銀行へ代位弁済しても債務は消えず、請求権は原則保証会社に移り、以後あなたを追及します。「保証料なし」の商品は代わりに事務手数料率を上げたり金利に費用を織り込んだりするため、総額で比較しましょう。連帯保証人は保証条件の下で責任を負う人で、単なる人物保証ではなく責任は広範になり得、安易に引き受けるべきではありません。","押さえておきたい要点：貸し手は物件に第一順位の抵当権を登記する。保証会社は審査し、債務不履行時に銀行へ代位弁済し得るが、その後はあなたが保証会社に負う。代位弁済で債務は消えない。請求権は保証会社に移る。連帯保証人は人物保証ではない。責任は広範になり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers comparing guarantee-fee models","Anyone asked to be a guarantor"],"ja":["保証料モデルを比較する借り手","保証人を頼まれた人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A legal opinion on guarantor liability"],"ja":["保証人責任の法的意見"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never accept joint-guarantor status casually; liability can be extensive and long-lasting."],"ja":["連帯保証人を安易に引き受けないこと。責任は広範で長期に及び得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-collateral","loan-what-mortgage-registration","loan-what-guarantee-company","loan-guarantee-erase-debt"],"sources":["jftc-guarantee","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-fees","how-loans-work","late-payments-default"]},{"slug":"early-repayment","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Early mortgage repayment in Japan","ja":"日本の住宅ローンの繰上返済"},"summary":{"en":"Term reduction vs payment reduction, fees, and the emergency-fund trade-off.","ja":"期間短縮と返済額軽減、手数料、緊急資金とのトレードオフ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Paying extra principal saves interest, and term-reduction usually saves more than payment-reduction, but preserve emergency liquidity and weigh the mortgage-tax deduction before making irreversible prepayments.","ja":"元金を多く返すと利息が減り、通常は期間短縮のほうが返済額軽減より節約になりますが、緊急資金を残し、取り返せない繰上返済の前に住宅ローン控除も勘案しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Term reduction (期間短縮) usually saves more interest than payment reduction (返済額軽減), all else equal.","Many online prepayments are free, but the method and any fee differ by lender.","Preserve an emergency fund before prepaying — prepayment is hard to reverse.","A large prepayment can reduce a mortgage-tax deduction based on the year-end balance."],"ja":["通常、期間短縮のほうが返済額軽減より利息の節約になる（他条件が同じ場合）。","オンラインの繰上返済は無料が多いが、方法や手数料は貸し手により異なる。","繰上返済の前に緊急資金を残す。繰上返済は取り消しにくい。","年末残高に基づく住宅ローン控除は、大きな繰上返済で減ることがある。"]},"sections":[{"id":"two-methods","heading":{"en":"Term reduction vs payment reduction","ja":"期間短縮と返済額軽減"},"body":{"en":["Early repayment (繰上返済) means paying extra principal ahead of schedule. You can apply it two ways: term reduction keeps the monthly payment the same but shortens the loan, while payment reduction keeps the term the same but lowers the monthly payment. All else equal, term reduction normally saves more interest because it removes the most heavily-interest-bearing later years. Many lenders let you make partial prepayments online for free, but the method, minimum amount, and any fee differ, so check your loan’s terms."],"ja":["繰上返済は、予定より早く元金を多く返すことです。適用は二通りで、期間短縮は毎月の返済額を保ったまま期間を縮め、返済額軽減は期間を保ったまま毎月の返済額を下げます。他条件が同じなら、利息負担の大きい後半の年を取り除くため、通常は期間短縮のほうが利息の節約になります。多くの貸し手はオンラインで一部繰上返済を無料でできますが、方法・最低額・手数料は異なるため契約条件を確認しましょう。"]}},{"id":"liquidity-tradeoff","heading":{"en":"The liquidity and tax trade-off","ja":"流動性と税のトレードオフ"},"body":{"en":["Prepayment is close to irreversible: once the cash is in the loan, you cannot easily get it back. Preserve an emergency fund — commonly several months of living costs plus property-specific repair reserves — before making large prepayments. Also weigh the mortgage-tax deduction, which is based on the year-end mortgage balance: prepaying reduces that balance and can reduce the deduction during the eligible years. The decision compares the interest saved against the value of liquidity and any deduction forgone.","Key points to carry away: Term reduction (期間短縮) usually saves more interest than payment reduction (返済額軽減), all else equal; Many online prepayments are free, but the method and any fee differ by lender; Preserve an emergency fund before prepaying — prepayment is hard to reverse; A large prepayment can reduce a mortgage-tax deduction based on the year-end balance. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["繰上返済はほぼ取り返せません。現金をローンに入れると簡単には戻せません。大きな繰上返済の前に、一般に数か月分の生活費＋物件固有の修繕積立という緊急資金を残しましょう。年末のローン残高に基づく住宅ローン控除も勘案します。繰上返済は残高を減らし、控除適用年の控除を減らし得ます。判断は、節約できる利息と、流動性の価値・失う控除とを比較することです。","押さえておきたい要点：通常、期間短縮のほうが返済額軽減より利息の節約になる（他条件が同じ場合）。オンラインの繰上返済は無料が多いが、方法や手数料は貸し手により異なる。繰上返済の前に緊急資金を残す。繰上返済は取り消しにくい。年末残高に基づく住宅ローン控除は、大きな繰上返済で減ることがある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Owners with surplus cash","Borrowers weighing prepayment vs investing"],"ja":["余剰現金のある所有者","繰上返済と投資を比べる借り手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A specific tax-optimization plan"],"ja":["個別の税最適化プラン"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not make large early repayments that eliminate your emergency liquidity."],"ja":["緊急資金を使い切るような大きな繰上返済をしないこと。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-early-repayment","loan-early-always-best","loan-term-vs-payment-reduction","loan-online-early-free"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","nta-mortgage-deduction"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-amortization","mortgage-tax-deduction"]},{"slug":"late-payments-default","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"What happens when a loan payment is late?","ja":"ローンの返済が遅れるとどうなるか"},"summary":{"en":"Late charges, credit records, acceleration, collection, guarantee performance, and foreclosure.","ja":"遅延損害金・信用情報・期限の利益喪失・回収・代位弁済・競売。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A late payment triggers late-payment charges and a credit-record mark, and continued default can lead to acceleration of the whole balance, guarantee-company performance, collection, and ultimately foreclosure — with any deficiency still owed.","ja":"延滞は遅延損害金と信用情報への記録を招き、放置すると残高全額の期限の利益喪失・保証会社の代位弁済・回収、最終的に競売に至り得、不足額はなお残ります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Late-payment charges (遅延損害金) accrue, but the credit-record damage matters more.","Continued default can trigger acceleration — the whole balance becomes due.","The guarantee company may pay the bank, then pursue you for the full amount.","Foreclosure can follow, and a deficiency after sale can still be owed."],"ja":["遅延損害金が発生するが、より重要なのは信用情報の毀損。","延滞が続くと期限の利益を喪失し、残高全額が一括請求され得る。","保証会社が銀行へ代位弁済し、その後あなたに全額を請求し得る。","競売に至り得、売却後の不足額はなお残る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-sequence","heading":{"en":"The consequence timeline","ja":"帰結のタイムライン"},"body":{"en":["A single late payment first triggers late-payment charges (遅延損害金) and, more importantly, a mark on your credit records at CIC/JICC that can affect future borrowing for years. If default continues, the lender can accelerate the loan — declaring the entire balance immediately due — and the guarantee company may perform (pay the bank). Guarantee performance does not erase your debt: the claim transfers to the guarantee company, which pursues you for the full amount. Ultimately the lender or guarantor can enforce the mortgage and foreclose, and any deficiency between the sale proceeds and the balance can still be owed."],"ja":["一度の延滞はまず遅延損害金を発生させ、より重要なのはCIC・JICCの信用情報への記録で、これは何年も将来の借入に影響し得ます。延滞が続くと、貸し手は期限の利益を喪失させ（残高全額を即時に請求）、保証会社が代位弁済し得ます。代位弁済で債務は消えず、請求権は保証会社に移り、全額を追及します。最終的に貸し手や保証会社は抵当権を実行し競売でき、売却代金と残高の差額（不足分）はなお残り得ます。"]}},{"id":"what-to-do","heading":{"en":"If you are struggling to pay","ja":"返済が苦しいとき"},"body":{"en":["Contact the lender early — before, not after, you miss a payment. Lenders can sometimes adjust the term, temporarily reduce payments, or discuss other options, and an early conversation is far better than silence. Check whether the difficulty is temporary or structural, review your whole budget and other debts, and get independent advice. Avoid using high-rate card or consumer loans to cover a mortgage shortfall, because that usually deepens the problem rather than solving it.","Key points to carry away: Late-payment charges (遅延損害金) accrue, but the credit-record damage matters more; Continued default can trigger acceleration — the whole balance becomes due; The guarantee company may pay the bank, then pursue you for the full amount; Foreclosure can follow, and a deficiency after sale can still be owed. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["返済を落とす前に、早めに貸し手へ連絡します。貸し手は期間の調整・一時的な返済額の軽減・他の選択肢を検討できることがあり、沈黙より早い相談のほうがはるかに良い結果になります。困難が一時的か構造的かを見極め、家計全体と他の債務を見直し、独立した助言を受けましょう。住宅ローンの不足を高金利のカード・消費者ローンで穴埋めするのは避けます。通常は問題を解決せず深めます。","押さえておきたい要点：遅延損害金が発生するが、より重要なのは信用情報の毀損。延滞が続くと期限の利益を喪失し、残高全額が一括請求され得る。保証会社が銀行へ代位弁済し、その後あなたに全額を請求し得る。競売に至り得、売却後の不足額はなお残る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers worried about a missed payment","Anyone under repayment stress"],"ja":["返済の落としを心配する借り手","返済のストレス下にある人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Formal debt-restructuring or legal advice"],"ja":["正式な債務整理・法的助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not cover a mortgage shortfall with high-rate consumer credit; contact the lender early instead."],"ja":["住宅ローンの不足を高金利の消費者信用で埋めないこと。代わりに早めに貸し手へ連絡を。"]},"faqs":["loan-late-payment","loan-what-collateral","loan-guarantee-erase-debt"],"sources":["cic-credit","jicc-credit","fsa-moneylending"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["credit-records-japan","collateral-guarantee-companies","debt-warning-signs"]},{"slug":"credit-records-japan","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Japanese credit records and mortgage applications","ja":"日本の信用情報と住宅ローン審査"},"summary":{"en":"CIC, JICC, application records, delinquencies, self-disclosure, and preparation.","ja":"CIC・JICC、申込記録、延滞、本人開示、準備。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Japan has no single public credit score; lenders pull records from CIC and JICC, which hold application inquiries (six months at CIC) and contract, repayment, and delinquency data generally through the contract and up to five years after it ends.","ja":"日本に単一の公的スコアはありません。銀行はCIC・JICCから情報を取り、これらは申込照会（CICで6か月）と契約・返済・延滞のデータを概ね契約期間中と終了後5年まで保有します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["There is no single public credit score; lenders use CIC/JICC records plus proprietary underwriting.","CIC records application inquiries for six months and contract/payment data up to five years after termination.","You can request your own disclosure from each organization before applying.","Avoid repeated applications and new debt in the months before a mortgage."],"ja":["単一の公的スコアはなく、銀行はCIC・JICCの記録に独自審査を加える。","CICは申込照会を6か月、契約・支払い情報を終了後5年まで記録する。","申込前に各機関へ自分の情報の開示を請求できる。","ローン前の数か月は繰り返しの申込や新規借入を避ける。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-records-work","heading":{"en":"How Japanese credit records work","ja":"信用情報の仕組み"},"body":{"en":["Japan does not operate one universal consumer credit score analogous to a public FICO score. Instead, lenders obtain credit information from designated or industry credit-information organizations and apply their own proprietary underwriting. CIC records application inquiries for six months and credit contracts and payment information generally during the contract and for up to five years after termination; JICC similarly publishes contract, repayment, delinquency, debt-restructuring, and related retention periods, commonly through the contract and up to five years after its end. Consumers can request their own disclosures from each organization."],"ja":["日本には、公的なFICOスコアに相当する単一の消費者スコアはありません。代わりに銀行は指定・業界の信用情報機関から情報を取り、独自の審査を適用します。CICは申込照会を6か月、契約・支払い情報を概ね契約期間中と終了後5年まで記録します。JICCも同様に契約・返済・延滞・債務整理などの保有期間を公表し、概ね契約期間中と終了後5年までです。消費者は各機関へ自分の情報の開示を請求できます。"]}},{"id":"prepare","heading":{"en":"Practical preparation","ja":"実務的な準備"},"body":{"en":["Pay every account on time; a single forgotten missed payment can surface in underwriting. Avoid repeated applications immediately before a mortgage, because application inquiries are recorded and a cluster of them can look like distress. Close unnecessary revolving debt where appropriate, since open card-loan limits reduce your borrowing headroom. Check all three relevant records if you suspect a problem — an old account or an identity mismatch can be corrected before you apply. Preserve tax returns and withholding slips, and avoid job changes or major new borrowing between preapproval and closing.","Key points to carry away: There is no single public credit score; lenders use CIC/JICC records plus proprietary underwriting; CIC records application inquiries for six months and contract/payment data up to five years after termination; You can request your own disclosure from each organization before applying; Avoid repeated applications and new debt in the months before a mortgage. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["すべての口座を期日どおりに払いましょう。忘れていた一度の延滞も審査で表面化し得ます。ローン直前の繰り返しの申込は避けます。申込照会は記録され、多数が集中すると困窮のように見えます。適切な場合は不要なリボ債務を解約します。使っていないカードローンの枠も借入余力を減らすためです。問題が疑わしいなら3機関すべてを確認します。古い口座や本人情報の不一致は申込前に訂正できます。確定申告書や源泉徴収票を保管し、事前審査から決済までは転職や大きな新規借入を避けましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：単一の公的スコアはなく、銀行はCIC・JICCの記録に独自審査を加える。CICは申込照会を6か月、契約・支払い情報を終了後5年まで記録する。申込前に各機関へ自分の情報の開示を請求できる。ローン前の数か月は繰り返しの申込や新規借入を避ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Applicants preparing a mortgage file","Anyone who suspects a credit-record issue"],"ja":["住宅ローンの書類を準備する申込者","信用情報の問題を疑う人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Credit-repair or legal advice"],"ja":["信用回復や法的助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["A cluster of applications just before a mortgage can itself hurt approval — space them out and check your records first."],"ja":["ローン直前の申込の集中は承認に響き得ます。間隔をあけ、まず自分の情報を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-credit-record","loan-multiple-applications","loan-check-own-credit","loan-serious-records-remain"],"sources":["cic-credit","jicc-credit"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["borrowing-guide","late-payments-default","loan-application-checklist"]},{"slug":"employment-mortgage-approval","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How employment affects mortgage approval","ja":"雇用形態が住宅ローン審査に与える影響"},"summary":{"en":"Employees, job changers, probation, contract workers, company owners, and sole proprietors.","ja":"正社員・転職者・試用期間・契約社員・会社経営者・個人事業主。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A permanent salaried employee with several years of stable Japanese taxable income presents the simplest file; contract, probationary, recent-job-change, self-employed, and company-owner applicants may need more years of records and be assessed on normalized or lower income.","ja":"数年の安定した日本の課税所得がある永住・正社員が最も単純な案件です。契約・試用期間・直近転職・自営・会社経営の申込者は、より長い履歴が必要で正規化・低めの収入で評価され得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Permanent salaried employees with stable income and tenure present the simplest file.","Recent job changers and probationary employees may be declined or reviewed case by case.","Contract employees can qualify with some lenders where stability and history are strong.","Company owners and sole proprietors usually need multiple years of financials or tax returns."],"ja":["安定収入と勤続のある永住・正社員が最も単純な案件。","直近の転職者や試用期間中は否決または個別審査になり得る。","契約社員は、安定性と履歴が強ければ一部の銀行で通り得る。","会社経営者や個人事業主は通常、複数年の決算や確定申告が必要。"]},"sections":[{"id":"employment-types","heading":{"en":"How lenders read employment","ja":"銀行が雇用をどう読むか"},"body":{"en":["Lenders want evidence that your income will continue. A permanent, salaried employee with several years of stable Japanese taxable income is the easiest to underwrite. Contract employees, probationary employees, recent job changers, and commission-heavy workers introduce uncertainty: some lenders decline probationary or very recent hires, others review case by case, and stability and history carry more weight. Company owners and sole proprietors are assessed on their business’s health and often need multiple years of financial statements or tax returns, with income sometimes normalized to a conservative figure."],"ja":["銀行は収入が続く証拠を求めます。数年の安定した日本の課税所得がある永住・正社員が最も引受しやすい相手です。契約社員・試用期間中・直近の転職者・歩合中心の労働者は不確実性を持ち込みます。試用期間中やごく最近の入社を断る銀行もあれば、個別に審査する銀行もあり、安定性と履歴がより重視されます。会社経営者と個人事業主は事業の健全性で評価され、しばしば複数年の決算や確定申告が必要で、収入は保守的な数字に正規化されることがあります。"]}},{"id":"what-to-provide","heading":{"en":"What to provide and when to apply","ja":"何を出し、いつ申し込むか"},"body":{"en":["Lenders commonly request withholding statements (源泉徴収票), tax certificates (課税証明書), employment confirmation, financial statements, and tax returns. If you have recently changed jobs, some lenders prefer you wait until you have a full year at the new employer, though a move within the same field at higher pay can sometimes be explained. Whatever your status, avoid changing jobs between preapproval and closing unless it is disclosed and accepted — a change at that stage can undo an approval.","Key points to carry away: Permanent salaried employees with stable income and tenure present the simplest file; Recent job changers and probationary employees may be declined or reviewed case by case; Contract employees can qualify with some lenders where stability and history are strong; Company owners and sole proprietors usually need multiple years of financials or tax returns. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["銀行は一般に源泉徴収票・課税証明書・在職確認・決算書・確定申告書を求めます。最近転職した場合、新しい勤務先で丸1年経つまで待つのを好む銀行もありますが、同分野での昇給を伴う転職なら説明できることもあります。どの立場でも、開示・承諾がない限り事前審査から決済までの転職は避けましょう。その段階での変化は承認を覆し得ます。","押さえておきたい要点：安定収入と勤続のある永住・正社員が最も単純な案件。直近の転職者や試用期間中は否決または個別審査になり得る。契約社員は、安定性と履歴が強ければ一部の銀行で通り得る。会社経営者や個人事業主は通常、複数年の決算や確定申告が必要。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Contract, probationary, and self-employed applicants","Recent job changers"],"ja":["契約・試用期間・自営の申込者","直近の転職者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A guaranteed approval prediction"],"ja":["確定した承認予測"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not change employers between preapproval and closing unless the lender has agreed in advance."],"ja":["事前に銀行の同意がない限り、事前審査から決済までは転職しないこと。"]},"faqs":["loan-job-changer","loan-probationary","loan-contract-employee","loan-sole-proprietor"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","mufg-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-income-documents","preapproval-final-approval","sole-proprietor-business-loans"]},{"slug":"mortgage-income-documents","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Income documents required for a Japanese mortgage","ja":"日本の住宅ローンに必要な収入書類"},"summary":{"en":"Withholding slips, tax certificates, returns, overseas income, bonuses, and company accounts.","ja":"源泉徴収票・課税証明書・確定申告・海外収入・賞与・法人決算。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Employees typically provide withholding slips and tax certificates; the self-employed provide multiple years of tax returns; and overseas income, bonuses, and company accounts each carry documentation and recognition caveats.","ja":"会社員は通常、源泉徴収票と課税証明書を、自営は複数年の確定申告書を提出します。海外収入・賞与・法人決算にはそれぞれ書類と認定上の注意があります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Employees: withholding slips (源泉徴収票) and municipal tax certificates (課税証明書).","Self-employed and company owners: multiple years of tax returns or financial statements.","Overseas income may count, but currency, tax, continuity, and translation issues can reduce recognition.","Bonus income may count, but do not rely on uncertain bonuses for affordability."],"ja":["会社員：源泉徴収票と（自治体の）課税証明書。","自営・会社経営：複数年の確定申告書または決算書。","海外収入は認められ得るが、通貨・税・継続性・翻訳の問題で認定が減り得る。","賞与は認められ得るが、不確実な賞与に返済能力を頼らない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-checklist","heading":{"en":"The document checklist","ja":"書類チェックリスト"},"body":{"en":["For employees, lenders commonly request the annual withholding slip (源泉徴収票), one or more years of municipal tax certificates (課税証明書 or 納税証明書), and employment confirmation such as a certificate, contract, and evidence of salary deposits. For sole proprietors and company owners, expect to provide multiple years of final tax returns and, for a company, financial statements. Keep the originals organized, because the final approval stage checks these against what you stated at preapproval, and discrepancies can derail the file."],"ja":["会社員には、銀行は一般に年間の源泉徴収票、1年以上の課税証明書（または納税証明書）、在職証明・雇用契約・給与振込の証拠などの在職確認を求めます。個人事業主と会社経営者は、複数年の確定申告書と、法人なら決算書の提出を見込みます。原本を整理して保管しましょう。本審査は事前審査での申告とこれらを照合し、相違はファイルを頓挫させ得ます。"]}},{"id":"special-income","heading":{"en":"Overseas income, bonuses, and company accounts","ja":"海外収入・賞与・法人決算"},"body":{"en":["Overseas income sometimes counts, but currency risk, foreign-tax treatment, continuity, and the need for translated documents can reduce how much a lender recognizes. Bonus income may be counted, but households should not rely on uncertain bonuses for affordability — a base-salary-only budget is safer. For company owners, the lender looks past headline salary to the company’s accounts, and a director drawing a low salary from a healthy company, or a high salary from a fragile one, will be assessed on the underlying business. When in doubt, ask each lender exactly which income it will recognize before you rely on it.","Key points to carry away: Employees: withholding slips (源泉徴収票) and municipal tax certificates (課税証明書); Self-employed and company owners: multiple years of tax returns or financial statements; Overseas income may count, but currency, tax, continuity, and translation issues can reduce recognition; Bonus income may count, but do not rely on uncertain bonuses for affordability. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["海外収入は認められることもありますが、為替リスク・外国税の扱い・継続性・翻訳書類の必要性により、銀行が認める額は減り得ます。賞与は数えられ得ますが、家計は不確実な賞与に返済能力を頼らないほうが安全で、基本給のみの家計が無難です。会社経営者では、銀行は表面的な役員報酬の先にある法人の決算を見ます。健全な会社から低い報酬を取る役員も、脆弱な会社から高い報酬を取る役員も、背後の事業で評価されます。迷う場合は、頼る前に各銀行がどの収入を認めるか正確に尋ねましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：会社員：源泉徴収票と（自治体の）課税証明書。自営・会社経営：複数年の確定申告書または決算書。海外収入は認められ得るが、通貨・税・継続性・翻訳の問題で認定が減り得る。賞与は認められ得るが、不確実な賞与に返済能力を頼らない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Applicants assembling documents","Self-employed and dual-income households"],"ja":["書類を揃える申込者","自営・共働きの家計"]},"notFor":{"en":["A tax-filing guide"],"ja":["確定申告の手引き"]},"warnings":{"en":["Discrepancies between preapproval statements and final documents can cause a decline; keep records consistent."],"ja":["事前審査の申告と最終書類の相違は否決を招き得ます。記録を一貫させましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-income-documents","loan-years-income-history","loan-overseas-income","loan-bonus-income"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","mufg-mortgage","prestia-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["employment-mortgage-approval","foreigners-buying-property","mortgage-document-checklist"]},{"slug":"variable-rate-mortgages","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Variable-rate mortgages in Japan","ja":"日本の変動金利住宅ローン"},"summary":{"en":"How variable rates work, who they suit, the stress test, and the payment-rule traps.","ja":"変動金利の仕組み・向く人・ストレステスト・返済ルールの落とし穴。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A variable-rate mortgage is cheaper now but its rate is reviewed periodically and you bear any increase — suitable only for households with large reserves that survive a 2–3 point rise without selling.","ja":"変動金利は今は安いが、金利が定期的に見直され上昇はあなたが負担します。2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる、備えの厚い家計にのみ向きます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The rate is reviewed periodically, commonly twice a year; the household bears increases.","Choose it only if you survive a 2–3 point rise without selling.","Five-year/125% rules smooth payment changes but do not cap the rate or stop interest.","Complacency about future rates and slower amortization are the main dangers."],"ja":["金利は定期的（一般に半年ごと）に見直され、上昇は家計が負担。","2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる場合のみ選ぶ。","5年・125%ルールは変更を和らげるが金利上限や利息停止ではない。","将来金利への油断と遅い元金減少が主な危険。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-it-works","heading":{"en":"How a variable-rate mortgage works","ja":"変動金利の仕組み"},"body":{"en":["A variable-rate mortgage (変動金利) has a rate that is reviewed periodically — commonly recalculated twice a year — against the lender’s reference rate. The advertised rate is usually low because you, not the lender, bear the risk of rate increases. Some loans apply a five-year rule (the payment amount is recalculated only every five years) and a 125% rule (a payment increase is capped at 125% at review); these smooth the shock but do not cap the interest rate or stop interest accruing, and some lenders do not use them."],"ja":["変動金利は、貸し手の基準金利に対し金利が定期的に（一般に半年ごとに再計算されて）見直されます。広告金利が低いのは、金利上昇のリスクを貸し手ではなくあなたが負うためです。一部のローンは5年ルール（返済額は5年ごとにのみ再計算）と125%ルール（見直し時の増加を125%までに制限）を適用します。これらはショックを和らげますが、金利に上限を設けず利息の発生も止めず、使わない貸し手もあります。"]}},{"id":"who-suits","heading":{"en":"Best fit, poor fit, and the stress test","ja":"向く人・向かない人・ストレステスト"},"body":{"en":["Variable suits a borrower with large cash reserves and the ability to absorb increases — someone who could prepay or ride out a rate spike. It is a poor fit for a household whose affordability depends on the starting rate, because a loan you can afford only at the initial rate is a loan you cannot safely afford. Before choosing variable, model the payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points and confirm stressed housing costs stay within a prudent share of net income. Given that Japan left the near-zero era in 2026, this stress test is now essential rather than theoretical.","Key points to carry away: The rate is reviewed periodically, commonly twice a year; the household bears increases; Choose it only if you survive a 2–3 point rise without selling; Five-year/125% rules smooth payment changes but do not cap the rate or stop interest; Complacency about future rates and slower amortization are the main dangers. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["変動は、現金の備えが厚く上昇を吸収できる借り手（金利急騰時に繰上返済や耐久ができる人）に向きます。当初金利に返済能力が依存する家計には不向きです。当初金利でしか返済できないローンは、安全には負担できないローンだからです。変動を選ぶ前に、提示金利＋1・2・3%での返済額を試算し、ストレス下の住居費が手取りの堅実な割合に収まるか確認します。2026年に日本がゼロ金利期を脱したことを踏まえ、このストレステストは今や理論ではなく必須です。","押さえておきたい要点：金利は定期的（一般に半年ごと）に見直され、上昇は家計が負担。2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる場合のみ選ぶ。5年・125%ルールは変更を和らげるが金利上限や利息停止ではない。将来金利への油断と遅い元金減少が主な危険。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers with strong reserves","Households comfortable with rate risk"],"ja":["備えの厚い借り手","金利リスクを許容できる家計"]},"notFor":{"en":["Borrowers who can only afford the initial rate"],"ja":["当初金利でしか返済できない借り手"]},"warnings":{"en":["Under payment-limiting rules, unpaid interest can accumulate if the rate rises faster than the capped payment."],"ja":["返済制限ルールの下では、金利が上限付きの返済額より速く上がると未払利息が積み上がり得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-variable-risky","loan-rate-rise","loan-variable-change-frequency"],"sources":["mizuho-mortgage","jibun-mortgage","boj-policy"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["fixed-variable-interest-explained","five-year-125-percent-rule","fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},{"slug":"fixed-rate-mortgages","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Fixed-rate mortgages in Japan","ja":"日本の固定金利住宅ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Full-term and fixed-period fixed rates, who they suit, and what \"fixed\" does and does not remove.","ja":"全期間固定と固定期間選択、向く人、「固定」が何を消し何を消さないか。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A fixed-rate mortgage locks the rate for the whole term (like Flat 35) or an initial period, costing more now for payment certainty later — but it removes interest-rate risk only, not income, property, or life risk.","ja":"固定金利は全期間（フラット35など）または当初期間、金利を固定し、将来の返済確実性のために今は高くつきます。ただし取り除くのは金利リスクのみで、収入・物件・人生のリスクは残ります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Full-term fixed (e.g. Flat 35) locks the rate for the entire loan.","It costs more now than a promotional variable rate, buying payment certainty.","Fixed removes interest-rate risk, not income, property, inflation, or life risk.","Best for borrowers who value certainty and cannot absorb a large rate rise."],"ja":["全期間固定（フラット35など）は全期間金利を固定。","販促的な変動金利より今は高く、返済の確実性を買う。","固定は金利リスクを取り除くが、収入・物件・インフレ・人生のリスクは残す。","確実性を重視し大きな金利上昇を吸収できない借り手に最適。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-it-works","heading":{"en":"How fixed-rate mortgages work","ja":"固定金利の仕組み"},"body":{"en":["A fixed-rate mortgage (固定金利) locks the rate either for the whole term or for an initial period. Full-term fixed loans — most prominently Flat 35 — hold the same rate for 21–35 years (or longer), so the payment never changes. The trade-off is that the initial rate is higher than a promotional variable rate: you pay more now in exchange for removing the risk of future increases. This certainty is valuable precisely for households that could not comfortably absorb a rate rise."],"ja":["固定金利は、全期間または当初期間、金利を固定します。全期間固定（代表はフラット35）は21〜35年（またはそれ以上）同じ金利を保つため、返済額は変わりません。代償として当初金利は販促的な変動金利より高くなります。将来の上昇リスクを取り除く代わりに今は多く払うのです。この確実性は、まさに金利上昇を楽に吸収できない家計にとって価値があります。"]}},{"id":"what-fixed-removes","heading":{"en":"What fixed does and does not remove","ja":"固定が消すものと消さないもの"},"body":{"en":["A fixed rate removes specified interest-rate risk — but it is not \"risk-free.\" It does not protect against a loss of income, a fall in property value, inflation eroding your real position, or life events like illness or divorce, and if market rates later fall you keep paying the higher fixed rate unless you refinance (which has its own costs and health screening). Choose fixed for certainty and an eligible property; choose a lower-cost variable or fixed-period loan only if you are a strong applicant who can genuinely absorb rate increases.","Key points to carry away: Full-term fixed (e.g. Flat 35) locks the rate for the entire loan; It costs more now than a promotional variable rate, buying payment certainty; Fixed removes interest-rate risk, not income, property, inflation, or life risk; Best for borrowers who value certainty and cannot absorb a large rate rise. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["固定は所定の金利リスクを取り除きますが「無リスク」ではありません。収入の喪失・物件価値の下落・インフレによる実質の目減り・病気や離婚などの人生の出来事は防げず、後に市場金利が下がっても、借換（それ自体に費用と健康審査がある）をしない限り高い固定金利を払い続けます。確実性と適格な物件のために固定を、金利上昇を本当に吸収できる強い申込者の場合のみ、低コストの変動や固定期間選択を選びましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：全期間固定（フラット35など）は全期間金利を固定。販促的な変動金利より今は高く、返済の確実性を買う。固定は金利リスクを取り除くが、収入・物件・インフレ・人生のリスクは残す。確実性を重視し大きな金利上昇を吸収できない借り手に最適。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers who value payment certainty","Households sensitive to rate increases"],"ja":["返済の確実性を重視する借り手","金利上昇に弱い家計"]},"notFor":{"en":["Strong borrowers seeking the lowest initial cost"],"ja":["最低の当初コストを求める強い借り手"]},"warnings":{"en":["Fixed removes rate risk only; you still bear income, property, and life risk, and refinancing to a lower rate has costs."],"ja":["固定は金利リスクのみを消します。収入・物件・人生のリスクは残り、低金利への借換にも費用があります。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-fixed","loan-fixed-risk-free","loan-fixed-vs-floating"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","jhf-flat35-rates","aruhi-flat35"],"relatedProducts":["flat-35"],"relatedArticles":["flat-35","fixed-variable-interest-explained","fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","fixed-period-mortgages"]},{"slug":"fixed-period-mortgages","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Fixed-period mortgages","ja":"固定期間選択型住宅ローン"},"summary":{"en":"How a fixed-selection loan works, what happens at reset, and the large-reset risk.","ja":"固定期間選択型の仕組み・見直し時の扱い・大きな見直しのリスク。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A fixed-period mortgage fixes the rate for an initial 2–20 years, then reprices at the then-current rate and contractual discount — offering temporary certainty but a potentially large reset afterward.","ja":"固定期間選択型は当初2〜20年金利を固定し、その後は当時の金利と契約上の優遇で見直します。一時的な確実性を与えますが、その後に大きな見直しの可能性があります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The rate is fixed for an initial window (e.g. 2, 3, 5, 10, or 20 years), then reprices.","A 10-year fixed-selection loan is not a 35-year fully fixed loan.","At reset, the then-current rate and any contractual discount apply — potentially much higher.","It suits borrowers wanting certainty for a defined period, not the whole term."],"ja":["金利は当初期間（例：2・3・5・10・20年）固定され、その後見直される。","10年固定選択型は35年全期間固定とは違う。","見直し時は当時の金利と契約上の優遇が適用され、大幅に高くなり得る。","全期間でなく一定期間の確実性がほしい借り手に向く。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-it-works","heading":{"en":"How a fixed-period loan works","ja":"固定期間選択型の仕組み"},"body":{"en":["A fixed-period or fixed-selection mortgage fixes the rate for an initial window — commonly 2, 3, 5, 10, or 20 years — and then reprices. It gives temporary certainty at a rate usually between a pure variable and a full-term fixed loan. The crucial point is that a 10-year fixed-selection loan is not a 35-year fully fixed Flat 35 loan: after the fixed period ends, the rate resets to the then-current rate minus whatever discount your contract still provides, which can be much higher than your initial rate."],"ja":["固定期間選択型は、当初期間（一般に2・3・5・10・20年）金利を固定し、その後見直します。純変動と全期間固定の間くらいの金利で一時的な確実性を与えます。重要なのは、10年固定選択型は35年全期間固定のフラット35ではないことです。固定期間の終了後、金利は当時の金利から契約に残る優遇を引いた水準に見直され、当初金利よりずっと高くなり得ます。"]}},{"id":"reset-risk","heading":{"en":"The reset risk","ja":"見直しのリスク"},"body":{"en":["The danger is a large reset. Borrowers sometimes treat the low initial fixed rate as the loan’s permanent character and are surprised when the reset arrives — especially if rates have risen in the meantime, as they did in Japan in 2026. Before choosing this structure, model the payment at plausible reset rates, confirm the discount margin that will apply after the fixed period, and make sure the household could absorb the reset. It suits a borrower with a defined certainty horizon (for example, planning to sell or refinance within the fixed window) more than a long-term hold.","Key points to carry away: The rate is fixed for an initial window (e.g. 2, 3, 5, 10, or 20 years), then reprices; A 10-year fixed-selection loan is not a 35-year fully fixed loan; At reset, the then-current rate and any contractual discount apply — potentially much higher; It suits borrowers wanting certainty for a defined period, not the whole term. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["危険は大きな見直しです。借り手は低い当初固定金利をローンの恒久的な性格と見なし、見直しの到来に驚くことがあります。特に2026年の日本のように、その間に金利が上がっていた場合です。この構造を選ぶ前に、あり得る見直し金利での返済額を試算し、固定期間後に適用される優遇幅を確認し、家計が見直しを吸収できるか確かめましょう。長期保有より、確実性の期限が明確な借り手（例：固定期間内の売却や借換を計画）に向きます。","押さえておきたい要点：金利は当初期間（例：2・3・5・10・20年）固定され、その後見直される。10年固定選択型は35年全期間固定とは違う。見直し時は当時の金利と契約上の優遇が適用され、大幅に高くなり得る。全期間でなく一定期間の確実性がほしい借り手に向く。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers wanting certainty for a defined period","Those planning to sell or refinance within the window"],"ja":["一定期間の確実性がほしい借り手","固定期間内の売却・借換を計画する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Long-term holders who cannot absorb a reset"],"ja":["見直しを吸収できない長期保有者"]},"warnings":{"en":["The initial fixed rate is temporary; model the reset before assuming the low rate lasts."],"ja":["当初固定金利は一時的です。低金利が続くと仮定する前に見直しを試算しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-fixed-period","loan-after-fixed-period"],"sources":["mufg-mortgage","resona-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["fixed-variable-interest-explained","mixed-rate-mortgages","fixed-vs-variable-mortgage"]},{"slug":"mixed-rate-mortgages","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mixed-rate mortgages","ja":"ミックス型住宅ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Splitting borrowing between variable and fixed portions — what it reduces and what it does not.","ja":"借入を変動と固定に分ける。何を減らし何を減らさないか。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A mixed-rate mortgage splits the borrowing between variable and fixed portions, reducing concentration in one rate type but adding complexity and not guaranteeing the lowest total cost.","ja":"ミックス型は借入を変動部分と固定部分に分け、一つの金利タイプへの集中を減らしますが、複雑さが増し最低総コストを保証しません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The loan is split into a variable portion and a fixed portion.","It reduces concentration in either rate type but adds management complexity.","Mixing does not guarantee the lowest total cost — it is a middle path.","You must manage two sets of assumptions and two reset behaviors."],"ja":["ローンを変動部分と固定部分に分ける。","どちらか一方の金利タイプへの集中を減らすが管理の複雑さが増す。","ミックスは最低総コストを保証しない。中間の道。","二組の前提と二つの見直し挙動を管理する必要がある。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-it-works","heading":{"en":"How mixing works and what it does","ja":"ミックスの仕組みと効果"},"body":{"en":["A mixed-rate mortgage splits your borrowing between a variable-rate portion and a fixed-rate portion — for example half and half. If rates rise, only the variable half is affected; if rates stay low, you still benefit on that half. This reduces concentration in either rate type, which some borrowers find psychologically and financially steadying. But mixing does not guarantee the lowest total cost: it is a deliberate middle path, and a pure variable loan would be cheaper if rates stay low while a pure fixed loan would be cheaper if rates rise sharply."],"ja":["ミックス型は借入を変動部分と固定部分に分けます（例：半々）。金利が上がれば変動の半分だけが影響を受け、金利が低いままなら変動の半分で恩恵を受けます。これはどちらか一方の金利タイプへの集中を減らし、心理的にも金銭的にも落ち着くと感じる借り手もいます。ただしミックスは最低総コストを保証しません。意図的な中間の道であり、金利が低いままなら純変動が、金利が急騰するなら純固定が安くなります。"]}},{"id":"complexity","heading":{"en":"The complexity cost","ja":"複雑さのコスト"},"body":{"en":["The trade-off is management complexity. You hold two sets of assumptions — the variable portion’s reset behavior and the fixed portion’s term — and prepayment, refinancing, and stress-testing must consider both. For most borrowers a clear choice between fixed and variable, matched to their reserves and risk tolerance, is simpler and easier to monitor. Consider mixing only if you specifically want to hedge and are comfortable tracking two structures over decades.","Key points to carry away: The loan is split into a variable portion and a fixed portion; It reduces concentration in either rate type but adds management complexity; Mixing does not guarantee the lowest total cost — it is a middle path; You must manage two sets of assumptions and two reset behaviors. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["代償は管理の複雑さです。二組の前提（変動部分の見直し挙動と固定部分の期間）を抱え、繰上返済・借換・ストレステストは両方を考える必要があります。多くの借り手には、備えとリスク許容度に合わせた固定か変動かの明確な選択のほうが単純で監視しやすいです。特にヘッジを望み、数十年にわたり二つの構造を追うことに抵抗がない場合のみミックスを検討しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：ローンを変動部分と固定部分に分ける。どちらか一方の金利タイプへの集中を減らすが管理の複雑さが増す。ミックスは最低総コストを保証しない。中間の道。二組の前提と二つの見直し挙動を管理する必要がある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers who specifically want to hedge rate type","Those comfortable tracking two structures"],"ja":["金利タイプをヘッジしたい借り手","二つの構造を追える人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Borrowers who want the simplest possible loan"],"ja":["できるだけ単純なローンを望む借り手"]},"warnings":{"en":["Mixing is a hedge, not a cost-minimizer; do not expect it to beat both pure structures."],"ja":["ミックスはヘッジでありコスト最小化ではありません。両方の純構造に勝つと期待しないこと。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-mixed","loan-mixing-reduce-risk"],"sources":["mufg-mortgage","mizuho-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["fixed-variable-interest-explained","fixed-period-mortgages","variable-rate-mortgages"]},{"slug":"flat-35","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Flat 35: the complete guide","ja":"フラット35完全ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"What Flat 35 is, eligibility, rates, property standards, discounts, and who it suits.","ja":"フラット35とは何か・要件・金利・物件基準・優遇・向く人。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Flat 35 is a fully fixed-rate mortgage provided through partner lenders under the Japan Housing Finance Agency; it is rules-based, does not always require permanent residence, and needs the property to meet technical standards.","ja":"フラット35は、住宅金融支援機構の下で提携金融機関を通じて提供される全期間固定の住宅ローンです。基準が明確で、永住を必ずしも求めず、物件が技術基準を満たす必要があります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Fully fixed for the term; the standard August 2026 market rate was around 3.29% for 21–35 years.","Rules-based and does not always require PR, making it a common non-PR route.","The property must meet applicable technical standards and certification.","Base pricing clusters across providers, but lender fees and products differ."],"ja":["全期間固定。2026年8月の標準的な市場金利は21〜35年で約3.29%。","基準が明確で永住を必ずしも求めず、非永住者の一般的なルート。","物件は所定の技術基準と適合証明を満たす必要がある。","基準金利は各社で近いが、手数料や商品は異なる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-it-is","heading":{"en":"What Flat 35 is","ja":"フラット35とは"},"body":{"en":["Flat 35 is a fully fixed-rate mortgage offered through participating financial institutions under the Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF) purchase or guarantee structures — it is not a direct government loan, but it is more rules-based than an ordinary bank mortgage. Because eligibility is published and standardized, and because it does not always require permanent residence, it is a common route for non-PR foreign buyers who meet the nationality/residence and property conditions. In August 2026, the standard market execution rate had risen to about 3.29% for 21–35 years before qualifying point reductions, with a published July range spanning roughly 3.14%–5.40% depending on LTV and term."],"ja":["フラット35は、住宅金融支援機構（JHF）の買取・保証の仕組みの下で、参加金融機関を通じて提供される全期間固定の住宅ローンです。直接の政府融資ではありませんが、通常の銀行ローンより基準が明確です。要件が公表・標準化され、永住を必ずしも求めないため、国籍・在留と物件の条件を満たす非永住の外国人買い手の一般的なルートです。2026年8月、標準的な市場実行金利は資格ポイント引下げ前で21〜35年約3.29%まで上昇し、7月の公表レンジはLTVと期間により概ね3.14〜5.40%でした。"]}},{"id":"property-standards","heading":{"en":"Property standards and discounts","ja":"物件基準と優遇"},"body":{"en":["A distinctive feature is that the property must meet applicable technical standards and pass certification — Flat 35 will finance a used home if eligibility and technical requirements are met, but it will not finance an ordinary rental-investment property. Shorter Flat 20 and eligible longer Flat 50 structures exist, so \"Flat 35\" is not always 35 years. Discount frameworks — Flat 35S for housing performance and Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus for qualifying households — reduce the rate, but many point reductions apply for specified initial years rather than the full term, so read exactly how long each discount lasts."],"ja":["特徴的なのは、物件が所定の技術基準を満たし適合証明を通す必要があることです。フラット35は要件と技術基準を満たせば中古住宅も融資しますが、通常の賃貸投資物件は融資しません。短いフラット20や適格な長期のフラット50もあり、「フラット35」が常に35年とは限りません。優遇の枠組み（住宅性能のフラット35S、適格世帯のフラット35子育てプラス）は金利を下げますが、多くのポイント引下げは全期間ではなく所定の当初年数に適用されるため、各優遇がどれだけ続くか正確に読みましょう。"]}},{"id":"best-fit","heading":{"en":"Best fit and how to compare","ja":"最適な相手と比較の仕方"},"body":{"en":["Flat 35 suits a borrower who wants full-term payment certainty and has a qualifying property, and non-PR buyers who can meet its rules. Its higher base rate than promotional variable loans is the cost of that certainty. Because base pricing clusters across providers, compare the parts that differ: the origination fee model, guarantee/appraisal costs, insurance additions (the official July schedule showed pair life insurance at +0.18 point and three-major-disease insurance at +0.24 point), discount points, and processing. Super Flat variants may reward a large down payment with a lower rate."],"ja":["フラット35は、全期間の返済確実性を望み適格な物件を持つ借り手、そしてその基準を満たせる非永住の買い手に向きます。販促的な変動金利より高い基準金利は、その確実性の代償です。基準金利は各社で近いため、異なる部分を比較します。事務手数料モデル、保証/鑑定費用、保険上乗せ（7月の公式表ではペア団信＋0.18%、三大疾病＋0.24%）、優遇ポイント、処理です。スーパーフラットの類型は、大きな頭金に対しより低い金利で報い得ます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers wanting full-term certainty","Non-PR buyers with a qualifying property"],"ja":["全期間の確実性を望む借り手","適格な物件を持つ非永住の買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["Rental-investment financing","Borrowers chasing the lowest initial rate"],"ja":["賃貸投資の融資","最低の当初金利を追う借り手"]},"warnings":{"en":["Many Flat 35 discount points apply only for initial years, not the full term — confirm each discount’s duration."],"ja":["フラット35の優遇ポイントの多くは全期間でなく当初年数のみ適用です。各優遇の期間を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-flat35","loan-flat35-government","loan-flat35-always-35","loan-flat35-used-home","loan-flat35-investment"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","jhf-flat35-rates","jhf-flat35-tech","aruhi-flat35"],"relatedProducts":["flat-35"],"relatedArticles":["flat-35s","flat-35-child-rearing-plus","flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage","flat-35-lenders"]},{"slug":"flat-35s","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Flat 35S and housing-performance discounts","ja":"フラット35Sと住宅性能の金利引下げ"},"summary":{"en":"How Flat 35S reduces the rate for qualifying housing performance, and how long the discount lasts.","ja":"フラット35Sが適格な住宅性能に対しどう金利を下げ、優遇がどれだけ続くか。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Flat 35S is a rate-reduction framework for homes meeting higher standards in energy efficiency, seismic performance, durability, or accessibility — but the reduction applies for specified initial years, not the whole term.","ja":"フラット35Sは、省エネ・耐震・耐久・バリアフリーなどの高い基準を満たす住宅への金利引下げの枠組みです。ただし引下げは全期間でなく所定の当初年数に適用されます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Flat 35S reduces the Flat 35 rate for homes meeting qualifying performance standards.","The reduction applies for a set number of initial years, then the standard rate resumes.","Performance categories include energy efficiency, seismic, durability, and accessibility.","Confirm the qualifying category, the reduction size, and the discount duration."],"ja":["フラット35Sは、適格な性能基準を満たす住宅のフラット35金利を引き下げる。","引下げは所定の当初年数に適用され、その後は標準金利に戻る。","性能区分は省エネ・耐震・耐久・バリアフリーなど。","適格区分・引下げ幅・優遇期間を確認する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-it-works","heading":{"en":"How Flat 35S works","ja":"フラット35Sの仕組み"},"body":{"en":["Flat 35S is a rate-reduction framework layered on top of Flat 35 for homes that meet higher standards in categories such as energy efficiency, seismic performance, durability and variability, or accessibility. A qualifying home earns a reduction to the Flat 35 rate for a specified number of initial years — the exact reduction and the number of discounted years depend on the plan tier and the property’s certified performance. After the discounted period ends, the standard Flat 35 rate resumes for the remaining term."],"ja":["フラット35Sは、省エネ・耐震・耐久可変・バリアフリーなどの区分で高い基準を満たす住宅に対し、フラット35に上乗せされる金利引下げの枠組みです。適格な住宅は所定の当初年数、フラット35金利からの引下げを得ます。正確な引下げ幅と割引年数はプランの区分と物件の認定性能によります。割引期間が終わると、残りの期間は標準のフラット35金利に戻ります。"]}},{"id":"what-to-check","heading":{"en":"What to check before relying on it","ja":"頼る前に確認すべきこと"},"body":{"en":["Because the reduction is temporary, model your payment both during and after the discounted years — a home that looks affordable on the reduced rate must still be affordable at the full rate. Confirm which performance category the property qualifies under, obtain the certification, verify the reduction size and the number of discounted years with the provider, and remember that these frameworks are updated periodically, so check the current terms rather than an older figure. Flat 35S can meaningfully lower early costs for an efficient or seismically strong home, but it is not a permanent rate cut.","Key points to carry away: Flat 35S reduces the Flat 35 rate for homes meeting qualifying performance standards; The reduction applies for a set number of initial years, then the standard rate resumes; Performance categories include energy efficiency, seismic, durability, and accessibility; Confirm the qualifying category, the reduction size, and the discount duration. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["引下げは一時的なので、割引年数の間と後の両方で返済額を試算します。引下げ金利では手頃に見える住宅も、満額金利で手頃である必要があります。物件がどの性能区分で適格かを確認し、認定を取得し、引下げ幅と割引年数を提供者に確かめ、これらの枠組みは定期的に更新されるため古い数字でなく現行条件を確認しましょう。フラット35Sは省エネや耐震の強い住宅の初期費用を有意に下げ得ますが、恒久的な金利引下げではありません。","押さえておきたい要点：フラット35Sは、適格な性能基準を満たす住宅のフラット35金利を引き下げる。引下げは所定の当初年数に適用され、その後は標準金利に戻る。性能区分は省エネ・耐震・耐久・バリアフリーなど。適格区分・引下げ幅・優遇期間を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers of energy-efficient or seismically strong homes","Flat 35 applicants seeking a lower initial rate"],"ja":["省エネ・耐震の強い住宅の買い手","当初金利を下げたいフラット35申込者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Buyers of non-qualifying homes"],"ja":["非適格の住宅の買い手"]},"warnings":{"en":["The reduction lasts only for specified initial years; budget for the full rate afterward."],"ja":["引下げは所定の当初年数のみ。その後は満額金利で予算を組みましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-flat35s","loan-flat35-discounts-permanent"],"sources":["jhf-flat35s","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":["flat-35"],"relatedArticles":["flat-35","flat-35-child-rearing-plus","earthquake-standards"]},{"slug":"flat-35-child-rearing-plus","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus","ja":"フラット35子育てプラス"},"summary":{"en":"A point-based rate reduction connected to qualifying household and housing conditions.","ja":"適格な世帯・住宅条件に連動したポイント制の金利引下げ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus is a point-based reduction that lowers the rate for qualifying households — such as those raising children — with the discount applying for specified initial years and stacking with other Flat 35 point reductions.","ja":"フラット35子育てプラスは、子育て世帯などの適格な世帯の金利を下げるポイント制の引下げで、所定の当初年数に適用され、他のフラット35ポイント引下げと合算されます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A point-based reduction for qualifying households, including child-rearing families.","Points can stack with Flat 35S and other qualifying reductions.","The reduction applies for specified initial years, not the whole term.","Confirm eligibility, the point count, and the discount duration with the provider."],"ja":["子育て世帯を含む適格な世帯へのポイント制の引下げ。","ポイントはフラット35Sや他の適格引下げと合算できる。","引下げは全期間でなく所定の当初年数に適用。","適格性・ポイント数・優遇期間を提供者に確認する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-it-works","heading":{"en":"How the point system works","ja":"ポイント制の仕組み"},"body":{"en":["Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus reduces the rate through a point system tied to qualifying household and housing conditions, with families raising children a central qualifying group. Each qualifying condition earns points, and the points translate into an initial-years rate reduction that can stack with other Flat 35 reductions such as Flat 35S for housing performance. The more qualifying conditions the household and home meet, the larger the combined early-year reduction."],"ja":["フラット35子育てプラスは、適格な世帯・住宅条件に連動したポイント制で金利を下げ、子育て世帯が中心的な適格グループです。各適格条件がポイントを獲得し、そのポイントが当初年数の金利引下げに換算され、住宅性能のフラット35Sなど他のフラット35引下げと合算できます。世帯と住宅が満たす適格条件が多いほど、当初年数の合計引下げは大きくなります。"]}},{"id":"what-to-check","heading":{"en":"What to confirm","ja":"確認すべきこと"},"body":{"en":["As with all Flat 35 point reductions, the discount applies for specified initial years and then the standard rate resumes, so model the payment after the discount ends. Confirm your household’s eligibility, the exact point count, how the points combine with other reductions, and the number of discounted years, and check the current program terms because these frameworks are periodically revised. Treat the reduction as a welcome early-year saving, not a permanent lower rate.","Key points to carry away: A point-based reduction for qualifying households, including child-rearing families; Points can stack with Flat 35S and other qualifying reductions; The reduction applies for specified initial years, not the whole term; Confirm eligibility, the point count, and the discount duration with the provider. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["すべてのフラット35ポイント引下げと同様、引下げは所定の当初年数に適用され、その後は標準金利に戻るため、割引終了後の返済額を試算します。世帯の適格性・正確なポイント数・他の引下げとの合算方法・割引年数を確認し、これらの枠組みは定期的に改定されるため現行の制度条件を確かめましょう。引下げは歓迎すべき当初年数の節約であり、恒久的な低金利ではないと捉えます。","押さえておきたい要点：子育て世帯を含む適格な世帯へのポイント制の引下げ。ポイントはフラット35Sや他の適格引下げと合算できる。引下げは全期間でなく所定の当初年数に適用。適格性・ポイント数・優遇期間を提供者に確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Child-rearing households buying a home","Flat 35 applicants checking point reductions"],"ja":["住宅を買う子育て世帯","ポイント引下げを確認するフラット35申込者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Households that do not meet qualifying conditions"],"ja":["適格条件を満たさない世帯"]},"warnings":{"en":["Program terms change periodically; verify current eligibility and duration rather than an older description."],"ja":["制度条件は定期的に変わります。古い説明でなく現行の適格性と期間を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-flat35-child","loan-flat35-discounts-permanent"],"sources":["jhf-flat35-child","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":["flat-35"],"relatedArticles":["flat-35","flat-35s"]},{"slug":"pair-loans","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Pair loans for couples","ja":"夫婦のペアローン"},"summary":{"en":"Two earners each borrowing, the tax and ownership upside, and the divorce/death risks.","ja":"二人が各々借りる仕組み、税と所有のメリット、離婚・死亡のリスク。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A pair loan is two separate mortgages, one for each partner, potentially letting both claim mortgage tax relief — but it means two contracts, two fees, two debts, and serious complications on divorce, death, leave, or income loss.","ja":"ペアローンは各パートナー1本ずつの2本の住宅ローンで、双方が住宅ローン控除を受けられ得ますが、契約・手数料・債務が2つになり、離婚・死亡・休職・収入減で重大な問題を生みます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Two separate loans and registrations mean two sets of fees.","Both partners may claim mortgage tax relief according to their ownership and debt.","On divorce, debt and title remain until lawfully transferred or refinanced — a spouse agreement alone does not release the bank.","If one borrower dies, insurance generally clears only that person’s loan unless a joint-life product applies."],"ja":["2本の別々のローンと登記＝2組の手数料。","双方が所有と債務に応じて住宅ローン控除を受け得る。","離婚時、債務と名義は合法な移転・借換まで残る。夫婦の合意だけでは銀行は解放しない。","一方が死亡しても、団信は原則その人のローンのみを消す（連生型でない限り）。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-it-works","heading":{"en":"How a pair loan works","ja":"ペアローンの仕組み"},"body":{"en":["A pair loan (ペアローン) is two separate mortgages — one for each partner — usually on the same property, with each partner owning a share matching their loan. Because there are two contracts and two mortgage registrations, there are often two sets of fees. The main attraction is that each partner can potentially claim the mortgage tax deduction on their own qualifying loan balance, ownership, and tax position, and the combined borrowing capacity can be higher than a single earner’s. It fits two durable careers with aligned, long-term intentions for the home."],"ja":["ペアローンは、通常同じ物件について各パートナー1本ずつの2本の住宅ローンで、各人がローンに応じた持分を所有します。契約と抵当権登記が2つあるため、手数料も2組になりがちです。主な魅力は、各パートナーが自分の適格なローン残高・所有・税の状況で住宅ローン控除を受けられ得ること、そして合算の借入余力が単独より大きくなり得ることです。安定した二つのキャリアと、住まいへの長期的で一致した意図を持つ夫婦に向きます。"]}},{"id":"the-risks","heading":{"en":"Divorce, death, and income-loss risk","ja":"離婚・死亡・収入減のリスク"},"body":{"en":["The risks are real. On divorce, the debt and title remain until they are lawfully transferred or the loan is refinanced — an agreement between spouses alone does not release the bank’s claim, so one partner can stay liable for a loan on a home they no longer want. If one pair-loan borrower dies, group credit life insurance generally clears only the insured person’s loan, not automatically both, unless a joint-life product applies — the survivor keeps their own loan. Parental leave or a drop in one income also strains a structure built on two full incomes. Weigh these against the tax and capacity benefits before committing.","Key points to carry away: Two separate loans and registrations mean two sets of fees; Both partners may claim mortgage tax relief according to their ownership and debt; On divorce, debt and title remain until lawfully transferred or refinanced — a spouse agreement alone does not release the bank; If one borrower dies, insurance generally clears only that person’s loan unless a joint-life product applies. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["リスクは現実的です。離婚時、債務と名義は合法に移転されるかローンが借換されるまで残ります。夫婦間の合意だけでは銀行の請求権は解放されず、もう望まない住まいのローンに一方が責任を負い続け得ます。ペアローンの一方が死亡すると、団信は原則、連生型でない限り被保険者のローンのみを消し、双方を自動では消しません。生存者は自分のローンを負い続けます。育児休業や一方の収入減も、二つの満額収入を前提とした構造を圧迫します。税と借入余力の利点と天秤にかけてから決めましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：2本の別々のローンと登記＝2組の手数料。双方が所有と債務に応じて住宅ローン控除を受け得る。離婚時、債務と名義は合法な移転・借換まで残る。夫婦の合意だけでは銀行は解放しない。一方が死亡しても、団信は原則その人のローンのみを消す（連生型でない限り）。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Dual-income couples with durable careers","Partners wanting each to claim tax relief"],"ja":["安定したキャリアの共働き夫婦","各々が控除を受けたいパートナー"]},"notFor":{"en":["Couples with uncertain income continuity","Those wanting the simplest single loan"],"ja":["収入継続が不確かな夫婦","最も単純な1本を望む人"]},"warnings":{"en":["A spouse agreement does not release the bank; on divorce both remain liable until a transfer or refinance completes."],"ja":["夫婦の合意では銀行は解放されません。離婚時、移転や借換の完了まで双方が責任を負います。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-pair-loan","loan-pair-two-fees","loan-pair-both-tax-relief","loan-pair-divorce","loan-pair-death"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","mufg-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["income-combination-mortgages","pair-loan-vs-income-combination","mortgage-life-insurance"]},{"slug":"income-combination-mortgages","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Income-combination and joint-debtor mortgages","ja":"収入合算・連帯債務の住宅ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Increasing qualifying income under one loan, and the liability/insurance caveats.","ja":"1本のローンで審査所得を増やす仕組みと、責任・保険の注意点。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Income combination counts a second person’s income under one main loan to raise qualifying income; that person may be a guarantor or joint debtor, potentially liable without equivalent ownership or insurance protection.","ja":"収入合算は、1本の主ローンの下で第二の人の収入を数え審査所得を増やします。その人は保証人または連帯債務者となり、所有や保険の保護なしに責任を負い得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["One main loan counts a second person’s income to raise qualifying income.","The income contributor may be a guarantor or a joint debtor depending on the structure.","A joint debtor can be responsible for the full obligation.","The contributor may have liability without matching ownership or life-insurance cover."],"ja":["1本の主ローンで第二の人の収入を数え審査所得を増やす。","収入を出す人は構造により保証人または連帯債務者になる。","連帯債務者は債務全額の責任を負い得る。","収入提供者は、所有や団信の保護なしに責任を負い得る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-it-works","heading":{"en":"How income combination works","ja":"収入合算の仕組み"},"body":{"en":["Income combination (収入合算) increases the qualifying income under a single main loan by counting a second person’s income — usually a spouse. Unlike a pair loan’s two separate mortgages, this is one loan structure. Depending on the arrangement, the income contributor is either a guarantor (連帯保証人) or a joint debtor (連帯債務者). Some Flat 35 structures use a joint-debtor arrangement in which each debtor may be responsible for the full obligation, not just a share."],"ja":["収入合算は、第二の人（通常は配偶者）の収入を数えることで、1本の主ローンの審査所得を増やします。ペアローンの2本の別ローンと異なり、これは1本のローン構造です。取り決めにより、収入提供者は連帯保証人または連帯債務者になります。一部のフラット35は、各債務者が持分だけでなく債務全額の責任を負い得る連帯債務の仕組みを使います。"]}},{"id":"the-caveat","heading":{"en":"The liability and insurance caveat","ja":"責任と保険の注意点"},"body":{"en":["The key caveat is that the combined-income person may take on liability without an equivalent ownership share or life-insurance protection. A guarantor or joint debtor can be pursued for the debt, yet may not hold title in proportion, and group credit life insurance may cover only the main borrower — so if the main borrower dies, the contributor could still be liable while receiving no insurance payout. Review who owns what, who is insured, and what happens on death, divorce, or income loss before choosing income combination over a simpler single-borrower loan.","Key points to carry away: One main loan counts a second person’s income to raise qualifying income; The income contributor may be a guarantor or a joint debtor depending on the structure; A joint debtor can be responsible for the full obligation; The contributor may have liability without matching ownership or life-insurance cover. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["重要な注意点は、合算する人が所有持分や団信の保護に見合わない責任を負い得ることです。連帯保証人や連帯債務者は債務を追及され得ますが、比例した名義を持たないことがあり、団信は主債務者のみを対象とし得ます。主債務者が死亡すると、収入提供者はなお責任を負いながら保険金を受け取れないことがあります。より単純な単独ローンより収入合算を選ぶ前に、誰が何を所有し、誰が被保険者で、死亡・離婚・収入減で何が起きるかを確認しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：1本の主ローンで第二の人の収入を数え審査所得を増やす。収入を出す人は構造により保証人または連帯債務者になる。連帯債務者は債務全額の責任を負い得る。収入提供者は、所有や団信の保護なしに責任を負い得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Couples needing more qualifying income under one loan","Households preferring one contract to two"],"ja":["1本で審査所得を増やしたい夫婦","2本より1本を好む家計"]},"notFor":{"en":["Contributors unwilling to accept liability without ownership"],"ja":["所有なしの責任を受け入れられない収入提供者"]},"warnings":{"en":["A joint debtor can be liable for the full loan; confirm ownership and insurance align with the liability."],"ja":["連帯債務者はローン全額の責任を負い得ます。所有と保険が責任と整合するか確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-combined-income","loan-contributor-liable"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","mufg-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["pair-loans","pair-loan-vs-income-combination","parent-child-relay-mortgages"]},{"slug":"parent-child-relay-mortgages","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Parent-child relay mortgages","ja":"親子リレー住宅ローン"},"summary":{"en":"An intergenerational repayment plan, and the estate, ownership, and family-dispute risks.","ja":"世代をまたぐ返済計画と、相続・所有・家族間トラブルのリスク。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A parent-child relay loan bases the repayment term partly on a younger successor borrower, extending the term — but it carries estate, occupancy, ownership, insurance, and family-fairness risks that need professional planning.","ja":"親子リレーローンは返済期間を若い後継の借り手に一部基づかせて期間を延ばしますが、相続・居住・所有・保険・家族間の公平性のリスクを伴い、専門家の計画が必要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The repayment term is based partly on a younger successor borrower, allowing a longer term.","It can support an intergenerational home and repayment plan.","Estate, occupancy, ownership, insurance, and sibling-fairness issues need planning.","Get professional advice on title, debt, and insurance before committing."],"ja":["返済期間を若い後継の借り手に一部基づかせ、より長い期間を可能にする。","世代をまたぐ住まいと返済計画を支え得る。","相続・居住・所有・保険・兄弟間の公平性の問題に計画が必要。","決める前に名義・債務・保険について専門家の助言を受ける。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-it-works","heading":{"en":"How a relay loan works","ja":"リレーローンの仕組み"},"body":{"en":["A parent-child relay mortgage bases the repayment term partly on a younger successor borrower — typically a child — so the loan can run longer than the parent’s age alone would allow. The parent repays initially and the child continues, which can make an intergenerational home purchase or rebuild feasible. It is one way to align a long-lived asset with a two-generation repayment plan."],"ja":["親子リレー住宅ローンは、返済期間を若い後継の借り手（通常は子）に一部基づかせるため、親の年齢だけでは認められないより長い期間でローンを組めます。親が当初返済し子が引き継ぐことで、世代をまたぐ住宅購入や建て替えが実現し得ます。長寿命の資産を二世代の返済計画に合わせる一つの方法です。"]}},{"id":"the-risks","heading":{"en":"Estate and family risks","ja":"相続と家族のリスク"},"body":{"en":["The structure entwines two generations’ finances and estates, so it needs careful planning. Consider who will own the property and in what shares, who occupies it, how the debt and title pass on the parent’s death, whether group credit life insurance covers the right person at the right time, and — often overlooked — fairness among siblings who are not on the loan. A relay loan can be a sound part of inheritance planning, but title, debt, insurance, and sibling fairness require professional advice from a tax accountant and, where appropriate, a lawyer or judicial scrivener.","Key points to carry away: The repayment term is based partly on a younger successor borrower, allowing a longer term; It can support an intergenerational home and repayment plan; Estate, occupancy, ownership, insurance, and sibling-fairness issues need planning; Get professional advice on title, debt, and insurance before committing. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["この構造は二世代の資金と相続を絡めるため、慎重な計画が必要です。誰がどの持分で物件を所有するか、誰が居住するか、親の死亡時に債務と名義がどう移るか、団信が適切な時に適切な人を対象とするか、そして見落とされがちな、ローンに入っていない兄弟間の公平性を考えましょう。リレーローンは相続計画の健全な一部になり得ますが、名義・債務・保険・兄弟の公平性には税理士、必要に応じて弁護士や司法書士の専門的助言が要ります。","押さえておきたい要点：返済期間を若い後継の借り手に一部基づかせ、より長い期間を可能にする。世代をまたぐ住まいと返済計画を支え得る。相続・居住・所有・保険・兄弟間の公平性の問題に計画が必要。決める前に名義・債務・保険について専門家の助言を受ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Families planning an intergenerational home","Older parents needing a longer term"],"ja":["世代をまたぐ住まいを計画する家族","より長い期間が必要な高齢の親"]},"notFor":{"en":["Families without a clear succession and fairness plan"],"ja":["明確な承継・公平計画のない家族"]},"warnings":{"en":["Relay loans entangle two estates; resolve title, insurance, and sibling fairness with professionals first."],"ja":["リレーローンは二つの相続を絡めます。名義・保険・兄弟の公平性を先に専門家と整理しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-parent-child-relay","loan-relay-inheritance"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","moj-inheritance-registration"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["income-combination-mortgages","property-inheritance-gifts","reverse-mortgages"]},{"slug":"mortgage-refinancing","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mortgage refinancing in Japan","ja":"日本の住宅ローン借り換え"},"summary":{"en":"When refinancing pays, the full cost stack, health screening, and term-extension traps.","ja":"借換が得になる条件・費用の全体・健康審査・期間延長の落とし穴。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Refinancing replaces your mortgage with a new one, usually from another lender; it pays only when the discounted present-value interest saving exceeds the new origination fee, registration, judicial-scrivener, appraisal, and insurance costs.","ja":"借換は住宅ローンを（通常は別の銀行の）新しいものに置き換えます。割引現在価値での利息の節約が、新たな事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険の費用を上回るときだけ得になります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Compare remaining interest savings against all new costs, not just the rate drop.","New costs include origination fee, mortgage cancellation and registration, judicial-scrivener, and appraisal.","Refinancing usually requires fresh group credit life insurance and health screening.","Extending the term can hide a higher total cost even at a lower rate."],"ja":["金利差だけでなく、残りの利息の節約を新たな費用全体と比較する。","新費用は事務手数料・抵当権抹消と設定登記・司法書士・鑑定を含む。","借換は通常、新たな団信と健康審査を要する。","期間の延長は、低金利でも総コストの増加を隠し得る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"when-it-pays","heading":{"en":"When refinancing pays","ja":"借換が得になるとき"},"body":{"en":["Refinancing (借り換え) replaces an existing mortgage with a new one, often from another lender. It makes sense only when the present-value interest savings and any risk improvement exceed all the new costs. Compare the remaining interest you would save against the new origination fee, the mortgage cancellation and new registration, judicial-scrivener costs, appraisal, insurance differences, and any early-redemption charge on the old loan. A rate drop that looks large can be erased by fees, especially on a loan with only a few years left or a small remaining balance."],"ja":["借換は、既存の住宅ローンを（多くは別の銀行の）新しいものに置き換えます。割引現在価値での利息の節約とリスク改善が、新たな費用のすべてを上回るときだけ意味があります。節約できる残りの利息を、新たな事務手数料・抵当権抹消と新設定の登記・司法書士費用・鑑定・保険の差・旧ローンの繰上償還手数料と比較します。大きく見える金利差も手数料で消え得、特に残り数年や残高が小さいローンではそうです。"]}},{"id":"screening-and-term","heading":{"en":"Health screening and term extension","ja":"健康審査と期間延長"},"body":{"en":["Refinancing usually requires new group credit life insurance, so it involves a fresh health screening — poor health can restrict standard insurance, though wider-acceptance products may exist. Obtaining permanent residence can broaden the lenders available to you, but approval is never guaranteed. Beware term extension: stretching the loan back out lowers the monthly payment and can make a refinance look attractive while actually raising total interest. Compare like-for-like remaining terms, and treat a lower monthly payment achieved by re-lengthening the loan as a cost, not a saving.","Key points to carry away: Compare remaining interest savings against all new costs, not just the rate drop; New costs include origination fee, mortgage cancellation and registration, judicial-scrivener, and appraisal; Refinancing usually requires fresh group credit life insurance and health screening; Extending the term can hide a higher total cost even at a lower rate. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["借換は通常、新たな団信を要するため、あらためての健康審査を伴います。健康状態が悪いと標準の団信が制限され得ますが、引受基準の緩い商品が存在することもあります。永住権の取得は利用できる銀行を広げ得ますが、承認は決して保証されません。期間の延長に注意しましょう。ローンを再び延ばすと毎月の返済は下がり借換が魅力的に見えますが、実際は総利息を増やし得ます。残存期間を同条件で比較し、ローンの再延長で得た低い月返済はメリットでなくコストと捉えましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：金利差だけでなく、残りの利息の節約を新たな費用全体と比較する。新費用は事務手数料・抵当権抹消と設定登記・司法書士・鑑定を含む。借換は通常、新たな団信と健康審査を要する。期間の延長は、低金利でも総コストの増加を隠し得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Owners with a high rate and long remaining term","Borrowers whose PR or credit has improved"],"ja":["金利が高く残存期間が長い所有者","永住権や信用が改善した借り手"]},"notFor":{"en":["Loans with a small balance or short remaining term"],"ja":["残高が小さい・残存期間が短いローン"]},"warnings":{"en":["A lower monthly payment from a longer term is not a saving; compare total present-value cost."],"ja":["期間延長による低い月返済はメリットではありません。総額の現在価値で比較しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-refinancing","loan-refinancing-makes-sense","loan-refinancing-health","loan-extend-term-refinancing"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","mizuho-mortgage","prestia-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","mortgage-refinancing-tool","refinancing-lenders"]},{"slug":"renovation-loans","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Renovation loans","ja":"リフォームローン"},"summary":{"en":"Financing repairs and improvements, secured vs unsecured, and the over-improvement trap.","ja":"修繕・改良の資金、担保付きと無担保、過剰投資の落とし穴。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A renovation loan finances repair, remodeling, or energy improvements; a mortgage-secured or purchase-plus-renovation loan is cheaper than an unsecured one, but no renovation is guaranteed to raise resale value.","ja":"リフォームローンは修繕・改装・省エネ改良の資金です。抵当権付きや購入＋リフォーム一体型は無担保より安いですが、どんなリフォームも売却価値の上昇を保証しません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Some purchase-plus-renovation products include the work in the mortgage.","Unsecured renovation finance is usually more expensive than mortgage-secured finance.","Renovation does not always increase value — personalized or overcapitalized work may not be recovered.","Get scope-aligned bids with drawings, exclusions, warranty, and a payment schedule."],"ja":["購入＋リフォーム一体型は工事費を住宅ローンに含められる商品もある。","無担保のリフォーム資金は通常、抵当権付きより高い。","リフォームは常に価値を上げるわけではない。個性的・過剰な工事は回収できないことがある。","図面・除外・保証・支払い計画を伴う、範囲に合った見積りを取る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"secured-vs-unsecured","heading":{"en":"Secured, unsecured, and combined","ja":"担保付き・無担保・一体型"},"body":{"en":["A renovation loan finances repair, remodeling, or energy-efficiency improvements. Some purchase-plus-renovation products let you include the work in the mortgage itself, which is usually the cheapest financing because it is secured by the property and runs over a long term. A standalone unsecured renovation loan is faster to arrange but usually more expensive, with a higher rate and shorter term, so reserve it for smaller or urgent work rather than a major project."],"ja":["リフォームローンは修繕・改装・省エネ改良の資金です。購入＋リフォーム一体型は工事費を住宅ローンそのものに含められ、物件を担保に長期で組めるため通常最も安い資金です。単独の無担保リフォームローンは手配が速い一方、金利が高く期間が短いため通常割高で、大きなプロジェクトより小規模・緊急の工事に向きます。"]}},{"id":"over-improvement","heading":{"en":"The over-improvement trap","ja":"過剰投資の落とし穴"},"body":{"en":["Renovation does not always increase value. Essential repairs and value-preserving improvements protect the home, but highly personalized finishes or work that costs more than the local market will pay (\"overcapitalization\") may not be recovered on resale. Before committing, obtain scope-aligned bids with drawings, clear exclusions, a warranty, license verification, and a payment schedule tied to milestones — do not accept a renovation quote without those. Compare the cost of the work against a realistic estimate of the value it adds, especially if you may sell within a few years.","Key points to carry away: Some purchase-plus-renovation products include the work in the mortgage; Unsecured renovation finance is usually more expensive than mortgage-secured finance; Renovation does not always increase value — personalized or overcapitalized work may not be recovered; Get scope-aligned bids with drawings, exclusions, warranty, and a payment schedule. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["リフォームは常に価値を上げるわけではありません。必要な修繕や価値を保つ改良は住まいを守りますが、極めて個性的な仕上げや地域相場を超える工事（過剰投資）は売却で回収できないことがあります。決める前に、図面・明確な除外・保証・免許の確認・出来高に連動した支払い計画を伴う、範囲に合った見積りを取りましょう。これらのないリフォーム見積りは受けないこと。特に数年で売る可能性があるなら、工事費と、それが加える価値の現実的な見積りを比較しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：購入＋リフォーム一体型は工事費を住宅ローンに含められる商品もある。無担保のリフォーム資金は通常、抵当権付きより高い。リフォームは常に価値を上げるわけではない。個性的・過剰な工事は回収できないことがある。図面・除外・保証・支払い計画を伴う、範囲に合った見積りを取る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers of used homes needing work","Owners planning essential repairs"],"ja":["工事が必要な中古住宅の買い手","必要な修繕を計画する所有者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Purely cosmetic upgrades expecting a resale return"],"ja":["売却リターンを期待する見た目だけの改装"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never sign a renovation contract without drawings, scope, exclusions, warranty, and milestone payments."],"ja":["図面・範囲・除外・保証・出来高払いのないリフォーム契約に署名しないこと。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-renovation-loan","loan-renovation-in-mortgage","loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive","loan-renovation-increase-value"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","resona-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["renovation-costs-financing","evaluating-used-property","renovation-services"]},{"slug":"second-home-loans","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Second-home loans","ja":"セカンドハウスローン"},"summary":{"en":"Financing a genuine second residence, and why it must not be a disguised rental.","ja":"本当のセカンドハウスの資金と、賃貸投資に偽装してはならない理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A second-home loan finances a genuine second residence at a higher rate and down payment than a primary-home loan — and it must not be used as a disguised rental investment.","ja":"セカンドハウスローンは、本当の第二の住まいを、主たる住宅ローンより高い金利・頭金で融資します。賃貸投資への偽装に使ってはいけません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["For a genuine second residence, not a rental or investment property.","Typically a higher rate and larger down payment than a primary-home loan.","Using it as a disguised rental can breach the loan and insurance terms.","Confirm the lender’s definition of a qualifying second home before applying."],"ja":["本当の第二の住まい用で、賃貸・投資物件用ではない。","通常、主たる住宅ローンより高金利・頭金が多い。","賃貸への偽装はローンや保険の条件に反し得る。","申込前に、適格なセカンドハウスの貸し手の定義を確認する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-it-is","heading":{"en":"What a second-home loan is","ja":"セカンドハウスローンとは"},"body":{"en":["A second-home loan finances a genuine second residence — a vacation home or a weekday base near work, for example — that you actually use, not rent out. Because the property is not your primary residence and the lender sees more risk, expect a higher rate and a larger down payment than an owner-occupier mortgage, and confirm the lender’s specific definition of a qualifying second home, which can be narrower than you assume."],"ja":["セカンドハウスローンは、本当に自分で使う第二の住まい（別荘や勤務地近くの平日の拠点など）を融資するもので、賃貸に出す物件ではありません。主たる住居ではなく貸し手のリスクも大きいため、居住用ローンより高い金利と多い頭金を見込み、適格なセカンドハウスの貸し手の具体的な定義を確認しましょう。想定より狭いことがあります。"]}},{"id":"not-a-rental","heading":{"en":"It must be a genuine second home","ja":"本当のセカンドハウスであること"},"body":{"en":["The critical rule is that a second-home loan is not a rental-investment loan. If you take a consumer-priced second-home loan and then rent the property out, you may breach the loan agreement, the fire-insurance terms, and possibly building or zoning rules, exposing you to acceleration and other consequences. If the real plan is to earn rent, use an investment-property loan and underwrite the deal as a business. Never represent an investment as a second home to obtain cheaper financing.","Key points to carry away: For a genuine second residence, not a rental or investment property; Typically a higher rate and larger down payment than a primary-home loan; Using it as a disguised rental can breach the loan and insurance terms; Confirm the lender’s definition of a qualifying second home before applying. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["決定的なルールは、セカンドハウスローンは賃貸投資ローンではないということです。消費者向け価格のセカンドハウスローンを借りて物件を賃貸に出すと、ローン契約・火災保険の条件、場合により建築や用途地域の規則に反し、期限の利益喪失などの帰結にさらされ得ます。本当の狙いが家賃なら投資用物件ローンを使い、事業として採算を見ましょう。安い融資を得るために投資をセカンドハウスと偽ってはいけません。","押さえておきたい要点：本当の第二の住まい用で、賃貸・投資物件用ではない。通常、主たる住宅ローンより高金利・頭金が多い。賃貸への偽装はローンや保険の条件に反し得る。申込前に、適格なセカンドハウスの貸し手の定義を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers of a genuine vacation or weekday home","Households wanting a second residence"],"ja":["本当の別荘・平日拠点の買い手","第二の住まいを望む家計"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone intending to rent the property out"],"ja":["物件を賃貸に出す意図のある人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not use a second-home loan for a property you will rent out; it can breach the loan and insurance."],"ja":["賃貸に出す物件にセカンドハウスローンを使わないこと。ローンや保険に反し得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-flat35-second-home","loan-residential-for-investment"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","mufg-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["investment-property-loans","home-vs-investment-property","renting-out-mortgaged-home"]},{"slug":"investment-property-loans","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Investment-property loans","ja":"不動産投資ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Business underwriting for income-producing property, and why occupancy must be honest.","ja":"収益物件への事業審査と、居住の申告を正直にすべき理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"An investment-property loan finances an income-producing condominium or house at a higher rate under business underwriting, and it is commonly recourse — model vacancy, rate resets, and exit, and never use an owner-occupier loan instead.","ja":"不動産投資ローンは、収益用のマンションや戸建てを、事業審査の下で高い金利で融資し、通常はリコース（遡及）です。空室・金利上昇・出口を試算し、居住用ローンで代用しないこと。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Business underwriting at a higher rate than an owner-occupier loan.","Japanese loans are commonly recourse unless the documents say otherwise.","Model vacancy, negative cash flow, rate resets, weak resale, and exit.","Never finance a rental with an owner-occupier loan — misstating occupancy is fraud-adjacent."],"ja":["居住用より高い金利での事業審査。","日本のローンは書面に別段の定めがない限り通常リコース。","空室・赤字・金利上昇・売却難・出口を試算する。","居住用ローンで賃貸を融資しない。居住の偽装は詐欺に近い。"]},"sections":[{"id":"business-underwriting","heading":{"en":"Business underwriting","ja":"事業審査"},"body":{"en":["An investment-property loan finances an income-producing condominium or house and is underwritten as a business, at a higher rate than a consumer owner-occupier mortgage. Investment-loan rates are frequently quotation-based and property-based rather than publicly advertised. Crucially, Japanese loans are commonly recourse unless the documents expressly say otherwise, so a shortfall after a sale can follow you personally. Underwrite the deal on net operating income, DSCR, vacancy, and a realistic exit — not gross yield — before you rely on it."],"ja":["不動産投資ローンは、収益用のマンションや戸建てを融資し、消費者の居住用ローンより高い金利で事業として審査されます。投資ローンの金利は公表されず、見積りベース・物件ベースであることが多いです。重要なのは、日本のローンは書面に明示がない限り通常リコース（遡及）で、売却後の不足額が個人に及び得ることです。頼る前に、粗利回りではなくNOI・DSCR・空室・現実的な出口で採算を見ましょう。"]}},{"id":"honest-occupancy","heading":{"en":"Occupancy must be honest","ja":"居住の申告は正直に"},"body":{"en":["The most important warning is that you cannot casually convert an owner-occupier mortgage into an investment loan. Moving out, long-term renting, Airbnb use, or running a business from the property may breach loan, insurance, building, zoning, or condominium rules, and misstating occupancy can trigger decline, acceleration, fraud concerns, and insurance or tax consequences. If the plan is to earn rent, use an investment-property loan from the outset and keep occupancy statements accurate.","Key points to carry away: Business underwriting at a higher rate than an owner-occupier loan; Japanese loans are commonly recourse unless the documents say otherwise; Model vacancy, negative cash flow, rate resets, weak resale, and exit; Never finance a rental with an owner-occupier loan — misstating occupancy is fraud-adjacent. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["最も重要な警告は、居住用ローンを安易に投資ローンに転換できないことです。転居・長期賃貸・民泊・自宅での事業は、ローン・保険・建築・用途地域・管理規約に反し得、居住の偽装は否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺の懸念・保険や税の帰結を招きます。家賃を得る計画なら最初から不動産投資ローンを使い、居住の申告を正確に保ちましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：居住用より高い金利での事業審査。日本のローンは書面に別段の定めがない限り通常リコース。空室・赤字・金利上昇・売却難・出口を試算する。居住用ローンで賃貸を融資しない。居住の偽装は詐欺に近い。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors buying a rental unit","Buyers who will honestly declare rental use"],"ja":["賃貸1戸を買う投資家","賃貸利用を正直に申告する買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["Owner-occupiers wanting a consumer rate for a rental"],"ja":["賃貸に消費者向け金利を望む居住者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Investment loans are commonly recourse; a vacancy or weak sale can leave you personally owing the shortfall."],"ja":["投資ローンは通常リコースです。空室や売却難で不足額を個人で負い得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-residential-for-investment","loan-misstate-occupancy","loan-investment-nonrecourse"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","suruga-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-investment-japan","apartment-building-loans","home-vs-investment-property","property-investment-calculator"]},{"slug":"apartment-building-loans","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Apartment-building loans","ja":"アパート・マンション一棟ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Whole-building rental finance and its concentration, structural, tenant, and regulatory risks.","ja":"一棟賃貸の融資と、集中・構造・入居者・規制のリスク。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"An apartment-building loan finances a whole rental building as a business, concentrating your exposure in one asset with structural, tenant, and regulatory risks that dwarf a single-unit purchase.","ja":"アパート・マンション一棟ローンは、賃貸の建物一棟を事業として融資し、一つの資産に集中させます。構造・入居者・規制のリスクは1戸購入をはるかに上回ります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Finances a whole rental building as a concentrated business investment.","Structural repairs (roof, façade, elevators, pipes) are large and periodic.","Tenant, vacancy, and regulatory risks scale with the number of units.","Underwrite on building-wide NOI, capex, and exit — not per-unit gross yield."],"ja":["賃貸の建物一棟を集中した事業投資として融資する。","構造修繕（屋根・外壁・エレベーター・配管）は大きく周期的。","入居者・空室・規制のリスクは戸数に応じて大きくなる。","戸別の粗利回りでなく建物全体のNOI・資本的支出・出口で採算を見る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"whole-building","heading":{"en":"A whole-building rental business","ja":"一棟の賃貸事業"},"body":{"en":["An apartment-building loan finances a whole rental building — the land and structure — as a business. Compared with a single condominium unit, it concentrates your entire exposure in one asset and one location, so a demographic shift, a local employer leaving, or an oversupply of rentals hits every unit at once. The upside is control over the whole building and its management; the downside is that there is no diversification within the investment."],"ja":["アパート・マンション一棟ローンは、賃貸の建物一棟（土地と構造）を事業として融資します。区分マンション1戸に比べ、資産と立地の一つに全エクスポージャーを集中させるため、人口動態の変化・地元の雇用主の撤退・賃貸の供給過剰が全戸を同時に直撃します。利点は建物全体と管理を掌握できること、欠点は投資内での分散がないことです。"]}},{"id":"the-risks","heading":{"en":"Structural, tenant, and regulatory risk","ja":"構造・入居者・規制のリスク"},"body":{"en":["A whole building brings whole-building costs: roof, façade, elevators, pipes, and waterproofing must be renewed on a schedule, and those capital works can be very large. Tenant turnover, vacancy, and non-payment scale with the number of units, and the building must comply with fire-safety, access, and other regulations across all units. Underwrite the deal on building-wide net operating income, a realistic capital-expenditure reserve, and a credible exit — who will buy the building, at what cap rate, after how many years — rather than a headline per-unit gross yield. This is a business, not a passive purchase.","Key points to carry away: Finances a whole rental building as a concentrated business investment; Structural repairs (roof, façade, elevators, pipes) are large and periodic; Tenant, vacancy, and regulatory risks scale with the number of units; Underwrite on building-wide NOI, capex, and exit — not per-unit gross yield. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["一棟は一棟分のコストを伴います。屋根・外壁・エレベーター・配管・防水は計画的に更新が必要で、その資本的工事は非常に大きくなり得ます。入居者の入替・空室・滞納は戸数に応じて大きくなり、建物は全戸で消防・避難・その他の規制に適合する必要があります。表面的な戸別粗利回りでなく、建物全体のNOI・現実的な資本的支出の積立・信頼できる出口（誰がどの利回りで何年後に建物を買うか）で採算を見ましょう。これは受動的な購入でなく事業です。","押さえておきたい要点：賃貸の建物一棟を集中した事業投資として融資する。構造修繕（屋根・外壁・エレベーター・配管）は大きく周期的。入居者・空室・規制のリスクは戸数に応じて大きくなる。戸別の粗利回りでなく建物全体のNOI・資本的支出・出口で採算を見る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Experienced investors buying a whole building","Those with capex reserves and management capacity"],"ja":["一棟を買う経験ある投資家","資本的支出の備えと管理力のある人"]},"notFor":{"en":["First-time investors","Buyers relying on gross yield"],"ja":["初めての投資家","粗利回りに頼る買い手"]},"warnings":{"en":["Concentration is the core risk; one location and one building means no diversification and lumpy capital costs."],"ja":["集中が中核のリスクです。一つの立地・一棟は分散がなく、資本コストも塊で来ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-apartment-loan","loan-investment-nonrecourse","loan-gross-yield"],"sources":["suruga-mortgage","stat-housing-survey"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["investment-property-loans","property-investment-japan","property-investment-calculator"]},{"slug":"bridging-loans","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Bridging loans for property purchases","ja":"不動産購入のつなぎ融資"},"summary":{"en":"Short-term finance for land, staged construction, or a timing gap — and its failure risk.","ja":"土地・分割建築・時間差のための短期資金と、その失敗リスク。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A bridging loan (つなぎ融資) provides short-term finance for land, staged construction, or a timing gap before a long-term mortgage disburses — useful but high-cost, and dangerous if the permanent financing is delayed.","ja":"つなぎ融資は、長期の住宅ローンが実行される前の、土地・分割建築・時間差のための短期資金です。有用ですが高コストで、本融資が遅れると危険です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Covers land purchase and staged construction payments before the mortgage disburses.","Short-term and higher-cost than a conventional mortgage.","Commonly used by land-and-build or staged-construction buyers.","Dangerous if the permanent mortgage is delayed or falls through."],"ja":["住宅ローン実行前の土地購入や分割建築の支払いを賄う。","通常の住宅ローンより短期・高コスト。","土地＋建築や分割建築の買い手がよく使う。","本融資が遅れる・不成立になると危険。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-it-works","heading":{"en":"How a bridging loan works","ja":"つなぎ融資の仕組み"},"body":{"en":["A bridging loan (つなぎ融資) provides short-term finance to cover payments that fall due before a long-term mortgage disburses. When you build a house, you often pay for the land and then make staged construction payments long before the completed home exists as collateral for the main mortgage; a bridge loan fills that gap. It is commonly used by land-and-build purchasers and staged-construction buyers, and it is repaid when the permanent mortgage funds."],"ja":["つなぎ融資は、長期の住宅ローンが実行される前に到来する支払いを賄う短期資金です。家を建てるとき、完成した住まいが本融資の担保として存在するずっと前に、土地代を払い分割の建築代金を支払うことが多く、つなぎ融資がその隙間を埋めます。土地＋建築や分割建築の買い手がよく使い、本融資が実行されると返済されます。"]}},{"id":"the-risk","heading":{"en":"High cost and failure risk","ja":"高コストと失敗リスク"},"body":{"en":["Bridging is convenient but carries high short-term cost and real failure risk. Because it is short-term and specialized, the rate and fees are higher than a mortgage, and the whole plan assumes the permanent mortgage will fund on schedule. If the long-term financing is delayed — for example, because the finished property fails appraisal, your circumstances change, or approval slips — you can be left carrying an expensive bridge loan with no takeout. Confirm the permanent mortgage’s conditions and timing before relying on a bridge, and keep a contingency for delays.","Key points to carry away: Covers land purchase and staged construction payments before the mortgage disburses; Short-term and higher-cost than a conventional mortgage; Commonly used by land-and-build or staged-construction buyers; Dangerous if the permanent mortgage is delayed or falls through. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["つなぎ融資は便利ですが、短期の高コストと現実的な失敗リスクを伴います。短期で専門的なため金利や手数料は住宅ローンより高く、計画全体が本融資の予定どおりの実行を前提とします。本融資が遅れると（完成物件が担保評価に通らない、状況が変わる、承認がずれ込むなど）、返済原資のない高コストのつなぎ融資を抱え得ます。つなぎに頼る前に本融資の条件と時期を確認し、遅延への備えを持ちましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：住宅ローン実行前の土地購入や分割建築の支払いを賄う。通常の住宅ローンより短期・高コスト。土地＋建築や分割建築の買い手がよく使う。本融資が遅れる・不成立になると危険。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Land-and-build and staged-construction buyers","Buyers with a confirmed permanent mortgage"],"ja":["土地＋建築・分割建築の買い手","本融資が確定した買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["Buyers without a firm takeout mortgage"],"ja":["確実な本融資のない買い手"]},"warnings":{"en":["A bridge loan assumes the permanent mortgage funds on time; a delay can leave you carrying expensive debt."],"ja":["つなぎ融資は本融資の予定どおりの実行を前提とします。遅延は高コストの負債を抱えさせ得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-bridge","loan-who-uses-bridge"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","mufg-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["buying-property-japan","mortgages-japan"]},{"slug":"reverse-mortgages","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Reverse mortgages in Japan","ja":"日本のリバースモーゲージ"},"summary":{"en":"Borrowing against home equity in later life, and the interest, value, and heirs risks.","ja":"老後に自宅の資産価値を担保に借りる仕組みと、利息・価値・相続人のリスク。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A reverse mortgage lets an older homeowner borrow against home equity, with repayment commonly deferred until death or sale — but interest accumulates, property-value falls are a risk, and heirs may receive little or no equity.","ja":"リバースモーゲージは、高齢の所有者が自宅の資産価値を担保に借り、返済を原則死亡または売却まで繰り延べます。ただし利息は積み上がり、価値下落のリスクがあり、相続人にほとんど資産が残らないことがあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["For older homeowners seeking cash while continuing to live in the home.","Repayment is commonly deferred until death or sale.","Interest accumulates over time and can erode the remaining equity.","Recourse, valuation, and heirs’ treatment are product- and municipality-specific."],"ja":["自宅に住み続けながら現金を得たい高齢の所有者向け。","返済は原則、死亡または売却まで繰り延べられる。","利息は時間とともに積み上がり残る資産を目減りさせ得る。","遡及・評価・相続人の扱いは商品や自治体で異なる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-it-works","heading":{"en":"How a reverse mortgage works","ja":"リバースモーゲージの仕組み"},"body":{"en":["A reverse mortgage lets a senior homeowner borrow against the equity in their home, typically receiving a lump sum or periodic payments while continuing to live there, with repayment commonly deferred until death or sale of the property. It can provide retirement cash flow without moving out. The mechanics differ sharply by product and, in some schemes, by participating municipality or guarantee structure, so the details matter more than the general concept."],"ja":["リバースモーゲージは、高齢の所有者が自宅の資産価値を担保に借り、通常は一時金または定期的な支払いを受け取りながら住み続け、返済は原則、死亡または物件の売却まで繰り延べられます。転居せずに老後のキャッシュフローを得られます。仕組みは商品ごとに、また一部の制度では参加する自治体や保証構造によって大きく異なるため、一般的な概念よりも細部が重要です。"]}},{"id":"the-risks","heading":{"en":"Interest, value, and heirs","ja":"利息・価値・相続人"},"body":{"en":["Three risks stand out. First, interest accumulates over time, so the debt grows even without new borrowing, and can erode or exhaust the remaining equity. Second, if property values fall, the equity cushion shrinks — product treatment of whether the debt can exceed the home’s value differs, so review recourse, valuation, and the heirs’ options carefully. Third, heirs may receive little or no equity, because the accumulated debt is settled from the home. A reverse mortgage can suit a homeowner who prioritizes their own later-life cash flow, but the family should understand the inheritance consequences in advance.","Key points to carry away: For older homeowners seeking cash while continuing to live in the home; Repayment is commonly deferred until death or sale; Interest accumulates over time and can erode the remaining equity; Recourse, valuation, and heirs’ treatment are product- and municipality-specific. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["三つのリスクが際立ちます。第一に、利息が時間とともに積み上がるため、新たに借りなくても債務は増え、残る資産を目減りさせ枯渇させ得ます。第二に、物件価値が下がると資産の緩衝が縮みます。債務が住宅の価値を超え得るかは商品で扱いが異なるため、遡及・評価・相続人の選択肢を丁寧に確認しましょう。第三に、積み上がった債務は住宅から清算されるため、相続人にほとんど資産が残らないことがあります。リバースモーゲージは自分の老後のキャッシュフローを優先する所有者に向き得ますが、家族は事前に相続への影響を理解すべきです。","押さえておきたい要点：自宅に住み続けながら現金を得たい高齢の所有者向け。返済は原則、死亡または売却まで繰り延べられる。利息は時間とともに積み上がり残る資産を目減りさせ得る。遡及・評価・相続人の扱いは商品や自治体で異なる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Older homeowners needing retirement cash flow","Households comfortable with reduced inheritance"],"ja":["老後のキャッシュフローが必要な高齢所有者","相続の減少を許容できる家計"]},"notFor":{"en":["Owners prioritizing leaving equity to heirs"],"ja":["資産を相続人に残すことを優先する所有者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Accumulating interest can leave heirs little or no equity; review recourse and valuation before signing."],"ja":["積み上がる利息で相続人にほとんど資産が残らないことがあります。署名前に遡及と評価を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-reverse-mortgage","loan-reverse-exceed-value"],"sources":["resona-mortgage","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-secured-loans","parent-child-relay-mortgages","property-inheritance-gifts"]},{"slug":"property-secured-loans","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Property-secured loans","ja":"不動産担保ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Borrowing for broader purposes against real estate, and why that converts spending risk into home-loss risk.","ja":"不動産を担保に広い目的で借りる仕組みと、支出リスクを住まい喪失リスクに変える理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A property-secured loan (不動産担保ローン) is a loan for broader purposes — business, inheritance, tax, or liquidity — backed by real estate; it lowers the rate but puts your home at risk for non-housing spending.","ja":"不動産担保ローンは、事業・相続・税・流動性など広い目的のための、不動産を担保にしたローンです。金利は下がりますが、住宅以外の支出のために住まいを危険にさらします。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A loan for broad purposes backed by a registered mortgage on real estate.","Lower rates than unsecured credit because the home secures the debt.","It converts spending or business risk into the risk of losing your home.","Generally not advisable to secure ordinary consumer spending on your home."],"ja":["不動産への抵当権登記を担保にした、広い目的のローン。","住まいが担保となるため無担保より低金利。","支出や事業のリスクを、住まいを失うリスクに変える。","通常の消費支出のために自宅を担保にするのは概ね勧められない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-it-is","heading":{"en":"What a property-secured loan is","ja":"不動産担保ローンとは"},"body":{"en":["A property-secured loan is a loan for broader purposes than buying the home itself — business capital, inheritance or tax obligations, or general liquidity — secured by a registered mortgage over real estate you own. Because the property backs the debt, the rate is lower and the term longer than unsecured card or consumer credit, which can make it attractive for a large, genuine need."],"ja":["不動産担保ローンは、住まいの購入そのものより広い目的（事業資金・相続や税の負担・一般的な流動性）のための、所有する不動産への抵当権登記を担保にしたローンです。物件が債務を担保するため、無担保のカード・消費者信用より金利は低く期間は長くなり、大きく本当に必要な用途には魅力的になり得ます。"]}},{"id":"the-trade","heading":{"en":"The risk you are accepting","ja":"受け入れるリスク"},"body":{"en":["The trade-off is stark: a property-secured loan converts spending or business risk into home-loss risk. If the purpose fails — a business does not work out, or the money funds consumption rather than a productive asset — you can lose the family home to enforcement. It is generally not advisable to secure ordinary consumer spending on your home. Reserve this structure for a genuine, well-understood need where the alternative is worse, keep the amount conservative relative to the property value, and get independent advice before pledging the home.","Key points to carry away: A loan for broad purposes backed by a registered mortgage on real estate; Lower rates than unsecured credit because the home secures the debt; It converts spending or business risk into the risk of losing your home; Generally not advisable to secure ordinary consumer spending on your home. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["トレードオフは厳しいものです。不動産担保ローンは、支出や事業のリスクを住まい喪失のリスクに変えます。目的が失敗すれば（事業がうまくいかない、生産的な資産でなく消費に充てる）、家族の住まいを執行で失い得ます。通常の消費支出のために自宅を担保にするのは概ね勧められません。この構造は、代替がより悪い、本当に必要でよく理解された用途に限り、金額を物件価値に対し保守的に保ち、住まいを差し入れる前に独立した助言を受けましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：不動産への抵当権登記を担保にした、広い目的のローン。住まいが担保となるため無担保より低金利。支出や事業のリスクを、住まいを失うリスクに変える。通常の消費支出のために自宅を担保にするのは概ね勧められない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Owners with a genuine large funding need","Borrowers who understand the home-loss risk"],"ja":["本当に大きな資金需要のある所有者","住まい喪失リスクを理解する借り手"]},"notFor":{"en":["Financing ordinary consumer spending"],"ja":["通常の消費支出の資金調達"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not secure consumer spending on your home; it turns a spending problem into a housing catastrophe."],"ja":["消費支出のために自宅を担保にしないこと。支出の問題を住まいの大惨事に変えます。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-secured-property-loan","loan-secure-consumer-spending"],"sources":["suruga-mortgage","fsa-moneylending"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["reverse-mortgages","secured-vs-unsecured","consumer-loans"]},{"slug":"online-vs-traditional-mortgages","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Online bank vs traditional bank mortgages","ja":"ネット銀行と従来型銀行の住宅ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Rates, process, exception handling, branches, documents, and language compared.","ja":"金利・手続き・例外対応・店舗・書類・言語を比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Online banks suit document-ready standard cases with lower advertised rates and a digital process; traditional branch banks may suit complex income, property, or language needs.","ja":"ネット銀行は書類が整った標準的な案件に向き、低い広告金利とデジタル手続きが特徴。従来型の店舗銀行は複雑な収入・物件・言語のニーズに向き得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Online: lower advertised rate, digital application, standardized file.","Traditional: branch advice, more exception handling, local relationship.","Online rates can be dynamic — save the page on application and execution dates.","Complex income or property often needs a human underwriter."],"ja":["ネット：低い広告金利・デジタル申込・標準化された書類。","従来型：店舗の助言・例外対応・地域の関係。","ネット金利は変動的。申込日と実行日にページを保存する。","複雑な収入や物件は人による審査が必要になりがち。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-trade","heading":{"en":"The core trade-off","ja":"中核のトレードオフ"},"body":{"en":["Online banks (au Jibun Bank, Sumishin SBI Net Bank, PayPay Bank, Sony Bank, Rakuten Bank) advertise low rates and a fully digital application with a standardized document set — ideal when your income and property are conventional and your file is clean. Traditional branch banks (the megabanks, regional banks) offer in-person advice, more scope to handle exceptions, and a local relationship, which can matter for complex income, an unusual property, or when you want the whole process explained in person."],"ja":["ネット銀行（au Jibun Bank、住信SBIネット銀行、PayPay銀行、ソニー銀行、楽天銀行）は低金利と、標準化された書類での完全デジタル申込を掲げ、収入と物件が一般的で書類が整っている場合に理想的です。従来型の店舗銀行（メガバンク、地方銀行）は対面の助言・例外対応の余地・地域の関係を提供し、複雑な収入・特殊な物件・全過程を対面で説明してほしい場合に効いてきます。"]}},{"id":"decision","heading":{"en":"How to decide","ja":"判断の仕方"},"body":{"en":["If your employment is stable and salaried, your property is standard, and you are comfortable applying online in Japanese, an online bank’s lower rate is hard to beat — but save the rate page on your application and execution dates because online rates can change. If your income is self-employed or overseas, the property is leasehold or unusual, or you need English support or in-person guidance, a branch bank or a specialist lender may be worth a modestly higher rate.","Key points to carry away: Online: lower advertised rate, digital application, standardized file; Traditional: branch advice, more exception handling, local relationship; Online rates can be dynamic — save the page on application and execution dates; Complex income or property often needs a human underwriter. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["雇用が安定した給与所得で、物件が標準的で、日本語でのオンライン申込に抵抗がないなら、ネット銀行の低金利は魅力的です。ただしネット金利は変わり得るため、申込日と実行日に金利ページを保存しましょう。収入が自営や海外、物件が借地や特殊、英語対応や対面の案内が必要なら、店舗銀行や専門の貸し手が、やや高い金利でも価値があり得ます。","押さえておきたい要点：ネット：低い広告金利・デジタル申込・標準化された書類。従来型：店舗の助言・例外対応・地域の関係。ネット金利は変動的。申込日と実行日にページを保存する。複雑な収入や物件は人による審査が必要になりがち。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers weighing this specific decision"],"ja":["この具体的な判断を検討する買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A one-size-fits-all recommendation"],"ja":["万人向けの推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not assume the lowest online rate is your rate; underwriting, LTV, and conditions determine the final offer."],"ja":["最低のネット金利があなたの金利とは限りません。審査・LTV・条件が最終提示を決めます。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["jibun-mortgage","mufg-mortgage","sumishin-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["compare-mortgage-lenders","online-mortgage-lenders","major-bank-mortgages"]},{"slug":"fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Fixed vs variable mortgage","ja":"固定と変動の住宅ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Initial payment, stress scenarios, certainty, break-even, and risks compared.","ja":"当初返済・ストレスシナリオ・確実性・損益分岐・リスクを比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Choose variable only if the household can survive a 2–3 point rise without selling; choose fixed for certainty and if you cannot absorb increases.","ja":"2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる家計のみ変動を選び、確実性を求め上昇を吸収できないなら固定を選びます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Variable has a lower initial rate but the borrower bears increases.","Fixed has a higher initial rate but the lender bears specified rate risk.","Stress-test at +1, +2, and +3 points before choosing variable.","The break-even depends on how far and fast rates rise."],"ja":["変動は当初金利が低いが上昇は借り手が負担。","固定は当初金利が高いが所定の金利リスクは貸し手が負担。","変動を選ぶ前に＋1・＋2・＋3%でストレステスト。","損益分岐は金利がどれだけ速く上がるか次第。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-trade","heading":{"en":"The core trade-off","ja":"中核のトレードオフ"},"body":{"en":["A variable rate starts lower, so the initial payment is smaller, but you carry the risk of increases — and Japan left the near-zero era in 2026. A fixed rate (including Flat 35) starts higher, buying certainty because the lender bears the specified rate risk. The right choice is not about predicting rates; it is about whether your household can absorb a rise if you are wrong."],"ja":["変動は低く始まるため当初返済は小さいものの、上昇のリスクを負います。2026年に日本はゼロ金利期を脱しました。固定（フラット35を含む）は高く始まり、所定の金利リスクを貸し手が負うため確実性を買います。正しい選択は金利予測ではなく、外れたときに家計が上昇を吸収できるかどうかです。"]}},{"id":"decision","heading":{"en":"The decision rule","ja":"判断ルール"},"body":{"en":["Model the payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points. If the household survives the +2 to +3 stress without selling — with stressed housing costs still a prudent share of net income — variable can make sense and its lower cost may win. If it cannot, choose fixed and treat the higher rate as the price of sleeping at night. Certainty has real value for a single-income household, a tight budget, or anyone who could not sell quickly in a downturn.","Key points to carry away: Variable has a lower initial rate but the borrower bears increases; Fixed has a higher initial rate but the lender bears specified rate risk; Stress-test at +1, +2, and +3 points before choosing variable; The break-even depends on how far and fast rates rise. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["提示金利＋1・＋2・＋3%で返済額を試算します。＋2〜＋3%のストレスを売らずに耐えられ（ストレス下の住居費が手取りの堅実な割合に収まる）なら、変動は理にかない、低コストが勝ち得ます。耐えられないなら固定を選び、高い金利は安眠の対価と捉えます。単一収入の家計・きつい予算・下落局面で早く売れない人にとって、確実性には実質的な価値があります。","押さえておきたい要点：変動は当初金利が低いが上昇は借り手が負担。固定は当初金利が高いが所定の金利リスクは貸し手が負担。変動を選ぶ前に＋1・＋2・＋3%でストレステスト。損益分岐は金利がどれだけ速く上がるか次第。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers weighing this specific decision"],"ja":["この具体的な判断を検討する買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A one-size-fits-all recommendation"],"ja":["万人向けの推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["A loan you can afford only at the initial variable rate is a loan you cannot safely afford."],"ja":["当初の変動金利でしか返済できないローンは、安全には負担できないローンです。"]},"faqs":["loan-fixed-vs-floating","loan-variable-risky","loan-fixed-risk-free"],"sources":["boj-policy","jhf-flat35","mizuho-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["fixed-variable-interest-explained","variable-rate-mortgages","fixed-rate-mortgages","mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},{"slug":"flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Flat 35 vs bank mortgage","ja":"フラット35と銀行ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Rate structure, property rules, insurance, fees, and flexibility compared.","ja":"金利構造・物件基準・保険・手数料・柔軟性を比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Choose Flat 35 for full-term certainty and an eligible property; choose a bank mortgage for a lower initial cost and richer insurance if you are a strong applicant.","ja":"全期間の確実性と適格な物件ならフラット35、強い申込者で当初コストの低さと手厚い保険なら銀行ローンを選びます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Flat 35: fully fixed, published debt-ratio and property standards, does not always require PR.","Bank mortgage: potentially lower variable/fixed-period rate and richer insurance options.","Flat 35 needs the property to meet technical standards; a bank loan may be more flexible.","Compare provider fees even when Flat 35 base rates match."],"ja":["フラット35：全期間固定・公表された返済比率と物件基準・永住を必ずしも要しない。","銀行ローン：より低い変動/固定期間金利と手厚い保険の可能性。","フラット35は物件の技術基準が必要。銀行ローンはより柔軟なことがある。","フラット35は基準金利が同じでも提供者の手数料を比較する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-trade","heading":{"en":"The core trade-off","ja":"中核のトレードオフ"},"body":{"en":["Flat 35 offers full-term fixed certainty with published debt-service ratios and property standards, and it does not always require permanent residence — a real advantage for non-PR buyers and anyone who values a predictable payment. A bank mortgage can offer a lower initial variable or fixed-period rate and richer group-credit-life-insurance riders, but it prices and underwrites at the lender’s discretion and shifts rate risk to you if you choose variable."],"ja":["フラット35は、公表された返済負担率と物件基準を伴う全期間固定の確実性を提供し、永住を必ずしも求めません。非永住の買い手や予測可能な返済を重視する人には実質的な利点です。銀行ローンはより低い当初の変動・固定期間金利や手厚い団信特約を出し得ますが、貸し手の裁量で価格・審査し、変動を選べば金利リスクをあなたに移します。"]}},{"id":"decision","heading":{"en":"How to decide","ja":"判断の仕方"},"body":{"en":["Choose Flat 35 when you want certainty, your property meets the technical standards, or you lack PR and need a rules-based route. Choose a bank mortgage when you are a strong applicant who can absorb rate risk, want the lowest initial cost, or need specific insurance riders. Either way, compare the parts that actually differ — the origination-fee model, guarantee and appraisal costs, insurance additions, and discount durations — because Flat 35 base rates cluster across providers while their fees do not.","Key points to carry away: Flat 35: fully fixed, published debt-ratio and property standards, does not always require PR; Bank mortgage: potentially lower variable/fixed-period rate and richer insurance options; Flat 35 needs the property to meet technical standards; a bank loan may be more flexible; Compare provider fees even when Flat 35 base rates match. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["確実性がほしい、物件が技術基準を満たす、永住がなく基準の明確なルートが必要なら、フラット35を選びます。金利リスクを吸収できる強い申込者で、最低の当初コストや特定の保険特約を望むなら、銀行ローンを選びます。いずれにせよ、実際に異なる部分（事務手数料モデル・保証と鑑定費用・保険上乗せ・優遇期間）を比較しましょう。フラット35は基準金利が各社で近い一方、手数料は異なるためです。","押さえておきたい要点：フラット35：全期間固定・公表された返済比率と物件基準・永住を必ずしも要しない。銀行ローン：より低い変動/固定期間金利と手厚い保険の可能性。フラット35は物件の技術基準が必要。銀行ローンはより柔軟なことがある。フラット35は基準金利が同じでも提供者の手数料を比較する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers weighing this specific decision"],"ja":["この具体的な判断を検討する買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A one-size-fits-all recommendation"],"ja":["万人向けの推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Flat 35 base rates cluster across providers, but fees and products differ — compare the total, not the headline."],"ja":["フラット35の基準金利は各社で近いが手数料や商品は異なります。表面でなく総額で比較を。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-flat35","loan-flat35-government","loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","aruhi-flat35","mufg-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":["flat-35"],"relatedArticles":["flat-35","mortgages-japan","flat-35-lenders"]},{"slug":"pair-loan-vs-income-combination","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Pair loan vs income combination","ja":"ペアローンと収入合算"},"summary":{"en":"Contracts, fees, ownership, tax deduction, insurance, and separation/death risks compared.","ja":"契約・手数料・所有・控除・保険・離婚/死亡リスクを比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A pair loan fits two durable careers with aligned ownership and lets both claim tax relief; income combination is simpler with one loan but needs a liability and insurance review.","ja":"ペアローンは安定した二つのキャリアと一致した所有に向き双方が控除を受け得ます。収入合算は1本で単純ですが責任と保険の確認が必要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Pair loan: two separate loans, ownership, and possible deductions — two sets of fees.","Income combination: usually one main loan with combined income.","Pair loan fits two durable careers; income combination is simpler.","Both need review of liability, insurance, and separation/death outcomes."],"ja":["ペアローン：2本の別ローン・所有・控除の可能性＝2組の手数料。","収入合算：通常は合算収入の1本の主ローン。","ペアローンは安定した二つのキャリア向け、収入合算はより単純。","どちらも責任・保険・離婚/死亡の帰結の確認が必要。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-trade","heading":{"en":"The core trade-off","ja":"中核のトレードオフ"},"body":{"en":["A pair loan is two separate mortgages — one per partner — with separate ownership and the potential for each to claim the mortgage tax deduction, but two contracts mean two sets of fees. Income combination is usually one main loan that counts a second person’s income to raise qualifying income; it is simpler and cheaper to set up, but the income contributor may be a guarantor or joint debtor with liability that does not match their ownership or insurance protection."],"ja":["ペアローンは各パートナー1本ずつの2本のローンで、所有が分かれ双方が住宅ローン控除を受け得ますが、2本の契約は2組の手数料を意味します。収入合算は通常、第二の人の収入を数えて審査所得を増やす1本の主ローンで、設定は単純で安い一方、収入提供者は所有や保険の保護に見合わない責任を負う保証人や連帯債務者になり得ます。"]}},{"id":"decision","heading":{"en":"How to decide","ja":"判断の仕方"},"body":{"en":["A pair loan fits two durable careers with aligned, long-term intentions for the home and a wish for each partner to claim tax relief. Income combination fits a household that wants one contract and lower setup costs and accepts that the contributor takes on liability. For either, review carefully what happens on divorce (debt and title remain until a transfer or refinance), on death (insurance usually clears only the insured person’s loan), and on parental leave or an income drop. Match the structure to how durable both incomes really are.","Key points to carry away: Pair loan: two separate loans, ownership, and possible deductions — two sets of fees; Income combination: usually one main loan with combined income; Pair loan fits two durable careers; income combination is simpler; Both need review of liability, insurance, and separation/death outcomes. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["ペアローンは、住まいへの長期で一致した意図を持ち、各パートナーが控除を受けたい、安定した二つのキャリアに向きます。収入合算は、1本の契約と低い設定費用を望み、提供者が責任を負うことを受け入れる家計に向きます。いずれも、離婚時（債務と名義は移転や借換まで残る）、死亡時（団信は通常被保険者のローンのみを消す）、育休や収入減の際に何が起きるかを丁寧に確認しましょう。二つの収入が実際どれほど安定かに構造を合わせます。","押さえておきたい要点：ペアローン：2本の別ローン・所有・控除の可能性＝2組の手数料。収入合算：通常は合算収入の1本の主ローン。ペアローンは安定した二つのキャリア向け、収入合算はより単純。どちらも責任・保険・離婚/死亡の帰結の確認が必要。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers weighing this specific decision"],"ja":["この具体的な判断を検討する買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A one-size-fits-all recommendation"],"ja":["万人向けの推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["On divorce, a spouse agreement does not release the bank; both structures keep liability until a transfer or refinance."],"ja":["離婚時、夫婦の合意では銀行は解放されません。どちらの構造も移転や借換まで責任が残ります。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-pair-loan","loan-pair-divorce","loan-what-combined-income","loan-contributor-liable"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","mufg-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["pair-loans","income-combination-mortgages","mortgage-life-insurance"]},{"slug":"new-vs-used-property","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"New vs used property in Japan","ja":"日本の新築と中古"},"summary":{"en":"Price, warranties, condition, repairs, reserves, and resale compared.","ja":"価格・保証・状態・修繕・積立金・売却を比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Used wins when the inspection and building management are strong and the price reflects age; new wins when you accept the developer premium and future reserve risk for modern standards and warranties.","ja":"検査と管理が良好で価格が築年を反映するなら中古、デベロッパープレミアムと将来の積立リスクを受け入れ最新基準と保証を得るなら新築が有利です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["New: modern standards, warranties, low immediate repairs — but a developer premium and small initial reserve.","Used: lower price and observable history — but major repairs and reserve/arrears risk.","A used home’s known building and accounts can be an advantage if you inspect well.","Check the earthquake standard, reserve funding, and management on either."],"ja":["新築：最新基準・保証・当面の修繕少。ただしデベロッパープレミアムと初期積立が小さい。","中古：低価格・観察可能な履歴。ただし大規模修繕と積立/滞納のリスク。","中古は建物と会計が既知で、よく検査すれば利点になる。","どちらも耐震基準・積立の状況・管理を確認する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-trade","heading":{"en":"The core trade-off","ja":"中核のトレードオフ"},"body":{"en":["A new condominium offers modern standards, warranties, and low immediate repairs, but carries a developer premium, a small initial repair fund, likely future reserve increases, and less established management history. A used condominium offers a known building and neighborhood, a lower price, and historical accounts you can inspect — at the cost of nearer-term major repairs, possible reserve shortfalls, arrears, and aging equipment and pipes."],"ja":["新築マンションは最新基準・保証・当面の修繕の少なさを提供しますが、デベロッパープレミアム・小さな初期修繕積立・将来の積立増の可能性・浅い管理の履歴を伴います。中古マンションは、既知の建物と近隣・低価格・確認できる過去の会計を提供する一方、近い時期の大規模修繕・積立不足の可能性・滞納・老朽化した設備や配管という代償があります。"]}},{"id":"decision","heading":{"en":"How to decide","ja":"判断の仕方"},"body":{"en":["Used wins when a good inspection shows sound condition, the management is competent, the reserve is well-funded, and the price reflects the building’s age. New wins when you value modern standards and warranties and are willing to pay the premium and accept that reserves will rise. On either, evaluate the earthquake standard, maintenance history, reserve funding, legal compliance, defects, hazard exposure, and resale liquidity — old does not automatically mean bad, and new does not automatically mean safe.","Key points to carry away: New: modern standards, warranties, low immediate repairs — but a developer premium and small initial reserve; Used: lower price and observable history — but major repairs and reserve/arrears risk; A used home’s known building and accounts can be an advantage if you inspect well; Check the earthquake standard, reserve funding, and management on either. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["良い検査で状態が健全で、管理が有能で、積立が十分で、価格が築年を反映しているなら中古が有利です。最新基準と保証を重視し、プレミアムを払い積立の増加を受け入れられるなら新築が有利です。どちらも、耐震基準・維持履歴・積立の状況・適法性・瑕疵・災害リスク・売却の流動性を評価しましょう。古い＝悪い、新しい＝安全とは自動的には言えません。","押さえておきたい要点：新築：最新基準・保証・当面の修繕少。ただしデベロッパープレミアムと初期積立が小さい。中古：低価格・観察可能な履歴。ただし大規模修繕と積立/滞納のリスク。中古は建物と会計が既知で、よく検査すれば利点になる。どちらも耐震基準・積立の状況・管理を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers weighing this specific decision"],"ja":["この具体的な判断を検討する買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A one-size-fits-all recommendation"],"ja":["万人向けの推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Old does not automatically mean bad, and new does not automatically mean safe — evaluate condition and management."],"ja":["古い＝悪い、新しい＝安全ではありません。状態と管理を評価しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-inspection-guarantee"],"sources":["mlit-inspection","mlit-repair-plan"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["evaluating-used-property","evaluating-condominium","earthquake-standards","condo-repair-reserve"]},{"slug":"house-vs-condominium","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"House vs condominium in Japan","ja":"日本の一戸建てとマンション"},"summary":{"en":"Land, control, maintenance, monthly fees, location, and resale compared.","ja":"土地・自由度・維持・毎月の費用・立地・売却を比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Choose a house for land ownership, control, and self-managed capital works; choose a condominium for convenience and central location if the association’s finances are strong.","ja":"土地所有・自由度・自己管理の資本工事なら一戸建て、管理組合の財務が健全なら利便性と中心立地でマンションを選びます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["House: land ownership, control, privacy, and redevelopment flexibility.","Condominium: shared maintenance, security, and central locations.","A house owner self-funds roof, exterior, structure, and drainage repairs.","A condo owner pays management and repair-reserve fees and lives under association rules."],"ja":["一戸建て：土地所有・自由度・プライバシー・建て替えの柔軟性。","マンション：共有の維持・防犯・中心立地。","一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・構造・排水の修繕を自己資金で。","マンション所有者は管理費・積立金を払い管理規約の下で暮らす。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-trade","heading":{"en":"The core trade-off","ja":"中核のトレードオフ"},"body":{"en":["A detached house gives you land ownership, control, privacy, and the flexibility to rebuild — but you bear the full cost of the roof, exterior, structure, drainage, termite treatment, and boundary issues directly. A condominium gives shared maintenance, security, and often a more central location — but you pay a monthly management fee and repair reserve, live under the association’s decisions and use restrictions, and face collective repair risk you do not fully control."],"ja":["一戸建ては土地所有・自由度・プライバシー・建て替えの柔軟性を与えますが、屋根・外装・構造・排水・シロアリ・境界の費用をすべて直接負担します。マンションは共有の維持・防犯・多くはより中心的な立地を与えますが、毎月の管理費と修繕積立金を払い、組合の決定と使用制限の下で暮らし、完全には制御できない共同修繕のリスクに直面します。"]}},{"id":"decision","heading":{"en":"How to decide","ja":"判断の仕方"},"body":{"en":["Choose a house if you value control and are prepared to self-manage and self-fund capital works over the decades — the freedom comes with responsibility and lumpy costs. Choose a condominium for convenience and location, but only after checking the association’s finances: the reserve balance, funding method, arrears, long-term repair plan, and management quality. A cheap monthly fee that hides an underfunded reserve is a future special assessment, not a saving.","Key points to carry away: House: land ownership, control, privacy, and redevelopment flexibility; Condominium: shared maintenance, security, and central locations; A house owner self-funds roof, exterior, structure, and drainage repairs; A condo owner pays management and repair-reserve fees and lives under association rules. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["自由度を重視し、数十年にわたり資本工事を自己管理・自己資金で行う覚悟があるなら一戸建てを選びます。自由には責任と塊で来る費用が伴います。利便性と立地ならマンションですが、組合の財務（積立残高・積立方法・滞納・長期修繕計画・管理の質）を確認してからにしましょう。積立不足を隠す安い月費用は、将来の一時金であり節約ではありません。","押さえておきたい要点：一戸建て：土地所有・自由度・プライバシー・建て替えの柔軟性。マンション：共有の維持・防犯・中心立地。一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・構造・排水の修繕を自己資金で。マンション所有者は管理費・積立金を払い管理規約の下で暮らす。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers weighing this specific decision"],"ja":["この具体的な判断を検討する買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A one-size-fits-all recommendation"],"ja":["万人向けの推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["A low condominium fee is not a saving if it reflects an underfunded reserve and a future special assessment."],"ja":["安い管理費・積立金は、積立不足と将来の一時金を映すなら節約ではありません。"]},"faqs":["loan-condo-fees","loan-condo-check"],"sources":["mlit-repair-plan","mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["evaluating-condominium","condominium-management-fees","house-maintenance-costs","condo-repair-reserve"]},{"slug":"freehold-vs-leasehold","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Freehold vs leasehold property","ja":"所有権と借地権"},"summary":{"en":"Ownership period, ground rent, consent, renewal, finance, and resale compared.","ja":"所有期間・地代・承諾・更新・融資・売却を比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Freehold (所有権) gives perpetual ownership at a higher price; leasehold (借地権) lowers the entry price but adds ground rent, consent requirements, and finance and resale constraints.","ja":"所有権は高価格で永続的な所有を与え、借地権は取得価格を下げる一方、地代・承諾・融資と売却の制約を加えます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Freehold: perpetual ownership subject to law and tax, at a higher acquisition price.","Leasehold: lower entry price but ground rent and consent for renewal, rebuild, or transfer.","Leasehold can constrain financing and resale, and a declining fixed-term impairs value.","Old-law and fixed-term leaseholds behave very differently — get specialist review."],"ja":["所有権：法と税に服する永続的な所有、取得価格は高い。","借地権：低い取得価格だが地代と、更新・建替・譲渡の承諾。","借地権は融資と売却を制約し、定期借地の残存短縮は価値を損なう。","旧法借地と定期借地は大きく異なる。専門家の確認を。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-trade","heading":{"en":"The core trade-off","ja":"中核のトレードオフ"},"body":{"en":["Freehold (所有権) is perpetual ownership subject to law and tax, at a higher acquisition price — the conventional, financeable, easily resold form. Leasehold (借地権) is a right to use land owned by someone else: it can lower the entry price, sometimes substantially, but you pay ground rent and typically need the landowner’s consent to renew, rebuild, or transfer, which constrains financing and resale. Old-law leaseholds may carry strong tenant protections but complex valuation, while fixed-term leaseholds end after a defined term and lose value as the remaining term shortens."],"ja":["所有権は、法と税に服する永続的な所有で、取得価格は高いものの、一般的で融資も売却も容易な形です。借地権は他人が所有する土地を使う権利で、取得価格を（時に大幅に）下げ得ますが、地代を払い、更新・建替・譲渡に通常は地主の承諾が必要で、融資と売却を制約します。旧法借地は強い借地人保護を持ち得ますが評価が複雑で、定期借地は定めた期間で終わり残存期間が短くなるほど価値を失います。"]}},{"id":"decision","heading":{"en":"How to decide","ja":"判断の仕方"},"body":{"en":["Freehold is the default for most buyers who want easy financing and resale. Leasehold can make sense for a lower entry price in a desirable location, but only after specialist review of the ground rent, consent terms, remaining term, and whether a lender will finance it and a future buyer will want it. Never buy a leasehold property without that review — the risks are in the fine print of the land-lease terms, not the listing price.","Key points to carry away: Freehold: perpetual ownership subject to law and tax, at a higher acquisition price; Leasehold: lower entry price but ground rent and consent for renewal, rebuild, or transfer; Leasehold can constrain financing and resale, and a declining fixed-term impairs value; Old-law and fixed-term leaseholds behave very differently — get specialist review. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["融資と売却の容易さを望む多くの買い手には所有権が既定です。借地権は、望ましい立地での低い取得価格として意味を持ち得ますが、地代・承諾条件・残存期間、そして貸し手が融資し将来の買い手が望むかを専門家が確認してからにしましょう。その確認なしに借地権を買わないこと。リスクは掲載価格でなく、借地契約の細部にあります。","押さえておきたい要点：所有権：法と税に服する永続的な所有、取得価格は高い。借地権：低い取得価格だが地代と、更新・建替・譲渡の承諾。借地権は融資と売却を制約し、定期借地の残存短縮は価値を損なう。旧法借地と定期借地は大きく異なる。専門家の確認を。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers weighing this specific decision"],"ja":["この具体的な判断を検討する買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A one-size-fits-all recommendation"],"ja":["万人向けの推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never buy a leasehold property without specialist review of ground rent, consent, remaining term, and financeability."],"ja":["地代・承諾・残存期間・融資可否の専門家確認なしに借地権を買わないこと。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-freehold","loan-what-leasehold","loan-leasehold-bad","loan-fixed-term-leasehold"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-land-rights","leasehold-property","non-rebuildable-property"]},{"slug":"tokyo-vs-regional-property","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Tokyo vs regional-city property","ja":"東京と地方都市の不動産"},"summary":{"en":"Entry price, liquidity, employment, rent, demographics, and yield compared.","ja":"取得価格・流動性・雇用・賃料・人口動態・利回りを比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Tokyo has deep employment and rental markets but a high entry price and thinner yield; regional cities offer higher yield and lower entry but thinner resale and demographic risk — underwrite local demand, not the city label.","ja":"東京は雇用・賃貸市場が厚いが取得価格が高く利回りは薄め。地方都市は高利回り・低取得価格だが売却が薄く人口動態リスク。都市名でなく地域の需要で採算を見ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Tokyo: deep employment and rental markets, high entry price, lower gross yield.","Regional cities: higher yield and lower entry, thinner resale and demographic risk.","A high regional gross yield often trades for vacancy and exit risk.","Underwrite local demand at the target rent, not the city name."],"ja":["東京：厚い雇用・賃貸市場、高い取得価格、低い粗利回り。","地方都市：高利回り・低取得価格、薄い売却と人口動態リスク。","地方の高い粗利回りはしばしば空室と出口リスクとの引き換え。","都市名でなく目標賃料での地域需要で採算を見る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-trade","heading":{"en":"The core trade-off","ja":"中核のトレードオフ"},"body":{"en":["Tokyo (and to a degree Osaka) offers deep employment and rental markets and generally more liquid resale, but a high entry price and a lower gross yield. Regional cities offer a lower entry price and a higher gross yield, but thinner resale depth and demographic risk as populations age and shrink in many areas. Japan’s 2026 land-price survey showed five years of average increases with widening gains in Tokyo and Osaka and more mixed growth elsewhere — a national average, not a promise that every home appreciates."],"ja":["東京（ある程度は大阪）は厚い雇用・賃貸市場と概ね流動的な売却を提供しますが、取得価格が高く粗利回りは低めです。地方都市は低い取得価格と高い粗利回りを提供しますが、売却の厚みが薄く、多くの地域で人口が高齢化・減少する人口動態リスクがあります。2026年の地価調査は5年連続の平均上昇を示し、東京・大阪で拡大、他地域はまちまちでした。これは全国平均であり、すべての住宅が値上がりする約束ではありません。"]}},{"id":"decision","heading":{"en":"How to decide","ja":"判断の仕方"},"body":{"en":["Do not decide on the city label. Underwrite the specific local demand: who the tenant or future buyer is, how deep demand is at the target rent, and whether a lender will finance a resale. A high regional gross yield often exists precisely because vacancy and exit risk are higher, and a low Tokyo yield may still beat it after vacancy and liquidity are counted. Match the location to your strategy — cash flow versus liquidity — and verify demand with transaction comparables from MLIT’s library.","Key points to carry away: Tokyo: deep employment and rental markets, high entry price, lower gross yield; Regional cities: higher yield and lower entry, thinner resale and demographic risk; A high regional gross yield often trades for vacancy and exit risk; Underwrite local demand at the target rent, not the city name. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["都市名で決めないこと。具体的な地域需要で採算を見ます。入居者や将来の買い手は誰か、目標賃料での需要はどれほど厚いか、貸し手が売却時に融資するか。地方の高い粗利回りはしばしば、まさに空室と出口リスクが高いから存在し、東京の低い利回りも空室と流動性を数えればなお勝ち得ます。立地を戦略（キャッシュフローか流動性か）に合わせ、国交省ライブラリの取引事例で需要を確認しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：東京：厚い雇用・賃貸市場、高い取得価格、低い粗利回り。地方都市：高利回り・低取得価格、薄い売却と人口動態リスク。地方の高い粗利回りはしばしば空室と出口リスクとの引き換え。都市名でなく目標賃料での地域需要で採算を見る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers weighing this specific decision"],"ja":["この具体的な判断を検討する買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A one-size-fits-all recommendation"],"ja":["万人向けの推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Underwrite local demand at the target rent — a national land-price average does not mean every home appreciates."],"ja":["目標賃料での地域需要で採算を。全国の地価平均は、すべての住宅の値上がりを意味しません。"]},"faqs":["loan-tokyo-liquid","loan-regional-yields","loan-good-investment"],"sources":["mlit-land-survey","mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-investment-japan","property-resale-value","property-investment-calculator"]},{"slug":"home-vs-investment-property","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Owner-occupied vs investment property","ja":"自宅用と投資用"},"summary":{"en":"Finance, rates, tax, occupancy, cash flow, and prohibited uses compared.","ja":"融資・金利・税・居住・キャッシュフロー・禁止される用途を比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"An owner-occupied purchase uses a consumer rate and tax framework and must be a genuine residence; an investment property uses higher-rate business underwriting — never represent an investment as owner-occupied.","ja":"自宅用は消費者向け金利と税の枠組みを使い本当の住まいである必要があります。投資用は高金利の事業審査を使います。投資を自宅用と偽ってはいけません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Owner-occupied: consumer rate, mortgage tax deduction, must be a genuine residence.","Investment: higher rate, business underwriting, rental-income tax framework.","Never represent an investment as owner-occupied to get a cheaper rate.","Misstating occupancy risks decline, acceleration, and fraud and insurance consequences."],"ja":["自宅用：消費者向け金利・住宅ローン控除・本当の住まいであること。","投資用：高金利・事業審査・不動産所得の税の枠組み。","安い金利のために投資を自宅用と偽らない。","居住の偽装は否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺と保険の帰結を招く。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-trade","heading":{"en":"Two different products","ja":"二つの異なる商品"},"body":{"en":["These are not two ways to buy the same thing — they are different products with different rules. An owner-occupied mortgage carries a consumer rate and access to the mortgage tax deduction, but it must be a genuine residence you actually live in. An investment-property loan carries a higher rate and business underwriting, and the rental income is taxed under the real-estate-income framework. The cheaper owner-occupier terms exist precisely because the property is your home."],"ja":["これらは同じものを買う二つの方法ではなく、規則の異なる別々の商品です。居住用ローンは消費者向け金利と住宅ローン控除へのアクセスを持ちますが、実際に住む本当の住まいである必要があります。不動産投資ローンは高い金利と事業審査を持ち、家賃収入は不動産所得の枠組みで課税されます。安い居住用の条件は、まさにその物件があなたの住まいだから存在します。"]}},{"id":"decision","heading":{"en":"The non-negotiable rule","ja":"譲れないルール"},"body":{"en":["The decision rule is simple and strict: never represent an investment as owner-occupied. If you buy with an owner-occupier loan and then move out, rent it long-term, run Airbnb, or operate a business from it without lender authorization, you may breach the loan, insurance, building, zoning, or condominium rules, and misstating occupancy can trigger decline, acceleration, fraud concerns, and insurance or tax consequences. If the plan is to earn rent, use an investment loan and underwrite the deal as a business from the start.","Key points to carry away: Owner-occupied: consumer rate, mortgage tax deduction, must be a genuine residence; Investment: higher rate, business underwriting, rental-income tax framework; Never represent an investment as owner-occupied to get a cheaper rate; Misstating occupancy risks decline, acceleration, and fraud and insurance consequences. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["判断ルールは単純かつ厳格です。投資を自宅用と偽らないこと。居住用ローンで買って転居し、長期賃貸・民泊・自宅での事業を貸し手の許可なく行えば、ローン・保険・建築・用途地域・管理規約に反し得、居住の偽装は否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺の懸念・保険や税の帰結を招きます。家賃を得る計画なら、最初から投資ローンを使い事業として採算を見ましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：自宅用：消費者向け金利・住宅ローン控除・本当の住まいであること。投資用：高金利・事業審査・不動産所得の税の枠組み。安い金利のために投資を自宅用と偽らない。居住の偽装は否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺と保険の帰結を招く。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers weighing this specific decision"],"ja":["この具体的な判断を検討する買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A one-size-fits-all recommendation"],"ja":["万人向けの推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never represent an investment as owner-occupied; misstating occupancy is fraud-adjacent and can void insurance."],"ja":["投資を自宅用と偽らないこと。居住の偽装は詐欺に近く、保険を無効にし得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-residential-for-investment","loan-misstate-occupancy"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","nta-mortgage-deduction"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["investment-property-loans","property-investment-japan","renting-out-mortgaged-home"]},{"slug":"pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Permanent resident vs non-PR mortgage access","ja":"永住者と非永住者の住宅ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Lender access, down payment, language, spouse, employer, and documents compared.","ja":"対応行・頭金・言語・配偶者・雇用主・書類を比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"PR broadly opens mainstream lenders on ordinary terms; without PR, expect a narrower set of specialist, employer, or relationship routes, larger down payments, and stronger documentation — but it is not impossible.","ja":"永住は主流の金融機関を通常条件で広く開きます。永住がないと、専門・勤務先・関係の狭いルート、多い頭金、強い書類が必要ですが、不可能ではありません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["PR: broad mainstream lender access on ordinary terms.","Non-PR: specialist, employer, or relationship routes, often narrower and pricier.","Non-PR may need a larger down payment and stronger income/employer/language evidence.","PRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, and Suruga Bank publish non-PR support paths."],"ja":["永住：通常条件で主流の金融機関に広くアクセス。","非永住：専門・勤務先・関係のルート、多くは狭く割高。","非永住は多い頭金と強い収入/雇用主/言語の証拠が必要になり得る。","プレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガ銀行は非永住支援を公表。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-trade","heading":{"en":"The core difference","ja":"中核の違い"},"body":{"en":["Permanent residents are often treated much like Japanese applicants for nationality eligibility, so PR broadly opens mainstream banks on ordinary terms — though language and documentation requirements remain. Without PR, the lender set narrows to specialist, employer-partner, or relationship routes, pricing and conditions are more selective, and you may need a larger down payment and stronger income, employer, Japanese-language, and long-term-residence evidence. A non-permanent resident with a Japanese spouse or guarantor may be considered by more banks than one without."],"ja":["永住者は国籍要件では日本人申込者とほぼ同様に扱われることが多く、永住は主流の銀行を通常条件で広く開きます（言語・書類の要件は残ります）。永住がないと、対応行は専門・勤務先提携・関係のルートに狭まり、価格や条件はより選択的で、多い頭金と強い収入・雇用主・日本語・長期在留の証拠が必要になり得ます。日本人配偶者や保証人のいる非永住者は、いない人より多くの銀行で検討され得ます。"]}},{"id":"decision","heading":{"en":"How to decide","ja":"判断の仕方"},"body":{"en":["Do not assume non-PR means impossible. A practical non-PR sequence is an employer or developer partner bank, then PRESTIA (English support, up to ¥500 million, no guarantee fee), Tokyo Star Bank (a Star Mortgage for foreign nationals without PR), Suruga Bank (a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents), a regional or relationship bank, a Flat 35 provider if eligible, and then specialist finance. Weigh the non-PR premium against the cost and uncertainty of waiting for PR — sometimes waiting for PR and refinancing later is the cheaper path, and sometimes it is not.","Key points to carry away: PR: broad mainstream lender access on ordinary terms; Non-PR: specialist, employer, or relationship routes, often narrower and pricier; Non-PR may need a larger down payment and stronger income/employer/language evidence; PRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, and Suruga Bank publish non-PR support paths. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["非永住＝不可能と決めつけないこと。実務的な非永住の順序は、勤務先やデベロッパーの提携銀行→プレスティア（英語対応・最大5億円・保証料なし）→東京スター銀行（永住のない外国人向けスターモーゲージ）→スルガ銀行（日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローン）→地方・関係銀行→適格ならフラット35→専門金融です。非永住のプレミアムを、永住を待つコストと不確実性と比べましょう。永住を待って後で借換が安いこともあれば、そうでないこともあります。","押さえておきたい要点：永住：通常条件で主流の金融機関に広くアクセス。非永住：専門・勤務先・関係のルート、多くは狭く割高。非永住は多い頭金と強い収入/雇用主/言語の証拠が必要になり得る。プレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガ銀行は非永住支援を公表。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers weighing this specific decision"],"ja":["この具体的な判断を検討する買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A one-size-fits-all recommendation"],"ja":["万人向けの推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Non-PR does not mean impossible; map the specialist and relationship routes before assuming you cannot buy."],"ja":["非永住＝不可能ではありません。買えないと決める前に専門・関係のルートを整理しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-mortgage-no-pr","loan-pr-mandatory","loan-pr-still-helpful","loan-japanese-spouse"],"sources":["prestia-mortgage","tokyostar-mortgage","suruga-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["foreigners-buying-property","foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","foreigner-mortgage-checker"]},{"slug":"refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Refinance vs keep your current mortgage","ja":"借り換えか現状維持か"},"summary":{"en":"Interest savings, new fees, health screening, and remaining term compared.","ja":"利息の節約・新たな手数料・健康審査・残存期間を比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Refinance only when the discounted present-value interest saving exceeds all new costs — origination fee, registration, judicial scrivener, appraisal, and insurance — and you can pass fresh health screening.","ja":"割引現在価値での利息の節約が、新たな費用（事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険）をすべて上回り、新たな健康審査に通る場合のみ借り換えます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Refinance: a new rate, new insurance, and possibly a new term.","Keep: avoid new fees and fresh underwriting.","Refinancing usually needs new group credit life insurance and health screening.","A longer new term can lower the payment but raise total interest."],"ja":["借換：新しい金利・新しい保険・場合により新しい期間。","維持：新たな手数料と再審査を避ける。","借換は通常、新たな団信と健康審査が必要。","新しい長い期間は返済を下げるが総利息を増やし得る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-trade","heading":{"en":"The core trade-off","ja":"中核のトレードオフ"},"body":{"en":["Refinancing swaps your loan for a new one with a new rate and new group credit life insurance, potentially saving interest but incurring a fresh origination fee, mortgage cancellation and registration, judicial-scrivener costs, appraisal, and insurance differences. Keeping your current mortgage avoids all those costs and a new underwriting process, but you stay on your existing rate. The question is whether the present-value saving beats the total cost of switching."],"ja":["借換はローンを新しい金利と新しい団信の新ローンに置き換え、利息を節約し得る一方、新たな事務手数料・抵当権抹消と設定登記・司法書士費用・鑑定・保険の差を招きます。現状維持はそれらの費用と新たな審査を避けますが、既存の金利のままです。問題は、現在価値での節約が乗り換えの総コストを上回るかどうかです。"]}},{"id":"decision","heading":{"en":"The decision rule","ja":"判断ルール"},"body":{"en":["Refinance only when the discounted present-value savings and any risk improvement clearly exceed all the new costs. That usually means a meaningful rate drop, a substantial remaining balance, and a long enough remaining term for the savings to accumulate. Confirm you can pass the fresh health screening for new insurance, and do not let a longer new term disguise a higher total cost as a lower monthly payment. If the balance is small or the term is short, keeping the current loan is often the right answer.","Key points to carry away: Refinance: a new rate, new insurance, and possibly a new term; Keep: avoid new fees and fresh underwriting; Refinancing usually needs new group credit life insurance and health screening; A longer new term can lower the payment but raise total interest. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["割引現在価値での節約とリスク改善が、新たな費用のすべてを明確に上回るときだけ借り換えます。通常は、意味のある金利低下・相当の残高・節約が積み上がる十分な残存期間を意味します。新たな保険の健康審査に通るか確認し、新しい長い期間が総コストの増加を低い月返済に見せかけることを許さないこと。残高が小さいか期間が短いなら、現状維持が正解であることが多いです。","押さえておきたい要点：借換：新しい金利・新しい保険・場合により新しい期間。維持：新たな手数料と再審査を避ける。借換は通常、新たな団信と健康審査が必要。新しい長い期間は返済を下げるが総利息を増やし得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers weighing this specific decision"],"ja":["この具体的な判断を検討する買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A one-size-fits-all recommendation"],"ja":["万人向けの推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Refinance only when discounted present-value savings exceed all new costs; a lower monthly payment alone is not a saving."],"ja":["割引現在価値の節約が新費用を上回るときのみ借換を。低い月返済だけでは節約ではありません。"]},"faqs":["loan-refinancing-makes-sense","loan-refinancing-health","loan-extend-term-refinancing"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","mizuho-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-refinancing","mortgage-refinancing-tool","refinancing-lenders"]},{"slug":"down-payment-comparison","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Low down payment vs larger down payment","ja":"頭金は少なめか多めか"},"summary":{"en":"Liquidity, LTV pricing, negative equity, and emergency reserve compared.","ja":"流動性・LTV別金利・担保割れ・緊急資金を比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A larger down payment lowers LTV, often improving the rate and reducing negative-equity risk; a smaller down payment preserves liquidity but raises leverage — keep enough cash for the 6–10% closing costs and an emergency reserve either way.","ja":"多い頭金はLTVを下げ金利を良くし担保割れリスクを減らします。少ない頭金は流動性を残しますがレバレッジを上げます。どちらでも6〜10%の諸費用と緊急資金の現金は残しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A larger down payment lowers LTV and often improves the rate.","A smaller down payment preserves liquidity but raises leverage and negative-equity risk.","Many lenders price better at ≤80% LTV.","Keep cash for the 6–10% closing costs and an emergency reserve regardless."],"ja":["多い頭金はLTVを下げ金利を良くしがち。","少ない頭金は流動性を残すがレバレッジと担保割れリスクを上げる。","多くの銀行はLTV80%以下で条件が良い。","どちらでも6〜10%の諸費用と緊急資金の現金を残す。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-trade","heading":{"en":"The core trade-off","ja":"中核のトレードオフ"},"body":{"en":["A larger down payment lowers your loan-to-value ratio, which many lenders reward with a better rate (some add a surcharge above 80% LTV), and it reduces the risk of negative equity if the property’s value dips. A smaller down payment preserves liquidity — cash you keep for investments, emergencies, or opportunities — but raises leverage and the chance of owing more than the home is worth. Zero-down or >100% financing pushes this risk to the extreme."],"ja":["多い頭金はLTVを下げ、多くの銀行はそれをより良い金利で報い（80%超で上乗せする銀行もある）、価値が下がったときの担保割れリスクを減らします。少ない頭金は流動性（投資・緊急・機会のために残す現金）を保ちますが、レバレッジと、住まいの価値を超えて負う可能性を上げます。フルローンや100%超融資はこのリスクを極端に押し進めます。"]}},{"id":"decision","heading":{"en":"How to decide","ja":"判断の仕方"},"body":{"en":["Balance the better pricing and safety of a larger down payment against the value of keeping cash. Whatever you choose, do not use all your savings for the down payment: keep enough for the 6–10% closing costs and a separate emergency and repair reserve. A common prudent approach is a down payment large enough to reach a favorable LTV band while still retaining several months of living costs plus a property-specific repair reserve. Financing everything to keep cash invested is only sensible if you can genuinely withstand a price dip.","Key points to carry away: A larger down payment lowers LTV and often improves the rate; A smaller down payment preserves liquidity but raises leverage and negative-equity risk; Many lenders price better at ≤80% LTV; Keep cash for the 6–10% closing costs and an emergency reserve regardless. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["多い頭金の良い条件と安全性を、現金を残す価値と比較します。どちらを選んでも、貯金をすべて頭金に使わないこと。6〜10%の諸費用と、別枠の緊急・修繕の備えを残します。よくある堅実な方法は、有利なLTV帯に届く頭金を入れつつ、数か月分の生活費＋物件固有の修繕積立を残すことです。現金を投資に残すためにすべてを借りるのは、価格下落に本当に耐えられる場合のみ賢明です。","押さえておきたい要点：多い頭金はLTVを下げ金利を良くしがち。少ない頭金は流動性を残すがレバレッジと担保割れリスクを上げる。多くの銀行はLTV80%以下で条件が良い。どちらでも6〜10%の諸費用と緊急資金の現金を残す。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers weighing this specific decision"],"ja":["この具体的な判断を検討する買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A one-size-fits-all recommendation"],"ja":["万人向けの推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not use all your savings for the down payment; keep cash for closing costs and an emergency reserve."],"ja":["貯金をすべて頭金に使わないこと。諸費用と緊急資金の現金を残しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-how-much-down","loan-zero-down-safe","loan-all-savings-down"],"sources":["jibun-mortgage","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["loan-to-value-down-payment","cash-needed-to-buy-property","property-budget"]},{"slug":"mortgage-term-comparison","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"35-year vs 40-year vs 50-year mortgage","ja":"35年・40年・50年ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Payment, total interest, age limits, term surcharge, and equity accumulation compared.","ja":"返済額・総利息・年齢制限・期間上乗せ・資産形成を比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A longer term lowers the monthly payment but raises total interest, may add a term surcharge and age limits, and slows equity build-up — extend the term only for genuine affordability, not to buy a bigger home.","ja":"長い期間は毎月の返済を下げますが総利息を増やし、期間上乗せと年齢制限が付き得、資産形成が遅くなります。より大きな家のためでなく、本当の返済のために期間を延ばしましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A longer term lowers the monthly payment but raises total interest.","Terms beyond 35 years may carry a rate surcharge (e.g. au Jibun +0.10 point).","Age limits apply — the loan usually must end before a set age (e.g. 80).","A longer term slows equity accumulation."],"ja":["長い期間は毎月を下げるが総利息を増やす。","35年超は金利上乗せが付き得る（例：au Jibun ＋0.10%）。","年齢制限がある。完済は所定年齢（例：80歳）前が通常。","長い期間は資産形成を遅くする。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-trade","heading":{"en":"The core trade-off","ja":"中核のトレードオフ"},"body":{"en":["Several banks now permit terms up to 50 years, subject to age, property, and underwriting limits — au Jibun Bank states 1–50 years, and Sumishin SBI Net Bank publishes up to 50 years for new borrowing. A longer term lowers the monthly payment, which can make a purchase feel affordable, but it raises total interest substantially, may add a rate surcharge (au Jibun adds 0.10 point beyond 35 years; PayPay Bank’s long-term surcharge rises for later executions), carries age limits (the loan usually must be repaid before a set age such as 80), and slows how fast you build equity."],"ja":["いくつかの銀行は、年齢・物件・引受の条件付きで最長50年の期間を認めます。au Jibun Bankは1〜50年、住信SBIネット銀行は新規借入で最長50年を公表しています。長い期間は毎月の返済を下げ購入を手頃に感じさせますが、総利息を大きく増やし、金利上乗せ（au Jibunは35年超で0.10%、PayPay銀行の長期上乗せは後の実行で上がる）が付き得、年齢制限（完済は80歳など所定年齢前が通常）を伴い、資産形成の速度を遅くします。"]}},{"id":"decision","heading":{"en":"How to decide","ja":"判断の仕方"},"body":{"en":["Use a longer term for genuine affordability and cash-flow flexibility, not to stretch into a more expensive home than you can really afford. The extra decades of interest are a real cost, and a mortgage that extends materially beyond your expected working income is a warning sign. If you can comfortably afford a 35-year payment, that usually minimizes total interest; choose 40 or 50 years deliberately, understanding the surcharge and the slower equity build, and consider prepaying later if your income allows.","Key points to carry away: A longer term lowers the monthly payment but raises total interest; Terms beyond 35 years may carry a rate surcharge (e.g. au Jibun +0.10 point); Age limits apply — the loan usually must end before a set age (e.g. 80); A longer term slows equity accumulation. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["長い期間は、本当に手が届く以上に高い家へ背伸びするためでなく、真の返済しやすさとキャッシュフローの柔軟性のために使いましょう。追加の数十年の利息は実質的なコストで、想定される稼働所得を大きく超えて続くローンは危険信号です。35年の返済を楽に負担できるなら、通常それが総利息を最小化します。40年や50年は、上乗せと遅い資産形成を理解して意図的に選び、収入が許せば後で繰上返済を検討しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：長い期間は毎月を下げるが総利息を増やす。35年超は金利上乗せが付き得る（例：au Jibun ＋0.10%）。年齢制限がある。完済は所定年齢（例：80歳）前が通常。長い期間は資産形成を遅くする。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers weighing this specific decision"],"ja":["この具体的な判断を検討する買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A one-size-fits-all recommendation"],"ja":["万人向けの推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not extend the term to afford a bigger home; a mortgage running well past your working income is a warning sign."],"ja":["より大きな家のために期間を延ばさないこと。稼働所得を大きく超えて続くローンは危険信号です。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-amortization"],"sources":["jibun-mortgage","sumishin-mortgage","paypay-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-amortization","50-year-mortgages","debt-to-income-japan"]},{"slug":"repayment-method-comparison","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Level payment vs level principal repayment","ja":"元利均等と元金均等"},"summary":{"en":"Initial payment, total interest, and cash-flow path compared.","ja":"当初返済・総利息・キャッシュフローの推移を比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Level principal-and-interest keeps the payment steady and eases early cash flow; level principal starts higher but declines and saves total interest — choose based on early affordability versus total cost.","ja":"元利均等は返済を一定に保ち初期の資金繰りを楽にし、元金均等は高く始まり下がり総利息を抑えます。初期の負担しやすさと総コストで選びます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Level payment (元利均等): steady payment, easier early cash flow, more total interest.","Level principal (元金均等): higher initial payment, declining path, less total interest.","Level principal is not offered by every lender.","Choose based on early affordability versus lifetime cost."],"ja":["元利均等：一定の返済・初期の資金繰りが楽・総利息は多め。","元金均等：初期の返済が高い・逓減・総利息は少なめ。","元金均等は全行が扱うわけではない。","初期の負担しやすさと生涯コストで選ぶ。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-trade","heading":{"en":"The core trade-off","ja":"中核のトレードオフ"},"body":{"en":["Level principal-and-interest (元利均等返済) keeps the scheduled payment level until any reset, so early cash flow is easier and predictable, but the principal component starts small and total interest is higher. Level principal (元金均等返済) repays the same principal each month, so payments start higher and decline over time, reducing total interest relative to a comparable level-payment loan — but the higher early payments demand more initial cash flow, and not every lender offers it."],"ja":["元利均等返済は（見直しまで）返済額を一定に保つため、初期の資金繰りが楽で予測しやすい一方、元金部分は小さく始まり総利息は多くなります。元金均等返済は毎月同じ元金を返すため、返済額は高く始まり時間とともに下がり、同条件の元利均等より総利息を抑えます。ただし高い初期返済はより多くの当初資金を要し、全行が扱うわけではありません。"]}},{"id":"decision","heading":{"en":"How to decide","ja":"判断の仕方"},"body":{"en":["Choose level payment if you value predictable, lower early payments — useful for a tight early budget or a household expecting income to rise. Choose level principal if you can afford the higher early payments and want to minimize total interest, and your lender offers it. The difference is a trade between early cash-flow comfort and lifetime cost; model both against your actual budget rather than assuming one is universally better.","Key points to carry away: Level payment (元利均等): steady payment, easier early cash flow, more total interest; Level principal (元金均等): higher initial payment, declining path, less total interest; Level principal is not offered by every lender; Choose based on early affordability versus lifetime cost. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["予測可能で低い初期返済を重視するなら元利均等を選びます。初期の予算がきつい、または収入増を見込む家計に有用です。高い初期返済を負担でき総利息を最小化したく、貸し手が扱うなら元金均等を選びます。違いは初期の資金繰りの楽さと生涯コストの引き換えです。どちらが常に良いと決めつけず、実際の予算に対し両方を試算しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：元利均等：一定の返済・初期の資金繰りが楽・総利息は多め。元金均等：初期の返済が高い・逓減・総利息は少なめ。元金均等は全行が扱うわけではない。初期の負担しやすさと生涯コストで選ぶ。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers weighing this specific decision"],"ja":["この具体的な判断を検討する買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A one-size-fits-all recommendation"],"ja":["万人向けの推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Neither method is universally better; model both against your budget and your expected income path."],"ja":["どちらの方法も常に良いわけではありません。予算と想定される収入の推移に対し両方を試算しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-level-principal-interest","loan-level-principal"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","shinsei-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-amortization","mortgage-calculator"]},{"slug":"bank-vs-dealer-car-loan","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Bank auto loan vs dealer finance","ja":"銀行の自動車ローンとディーラー分割"},"summary":{"en":"Cash price, rate, fees, balloon, ownership, and convenience compared.","ja":"現金価格・金利・手数料・バルーン・所有・利便性を比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Compare the vehicle’s cash price separately from the financing: bank auto loans often show a clearer interest cost, while dealer finance is convenient and may bundle discounts or a residual-value balloon.","ja":"車両の現金価格と融資を別々に比較します。銀行の自動車ローンは利息コストが明確なことが多く、ディーラー分割は便利で値引きや残価バルーンを含み得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Bank auto loan: often a clearer interest cost, you usually own the car.","Dealer finance: convenient, sometimes discounts or a residual (balloon) plan.","Always compare the cash vehicle price separately from the finance.","A residual-value plan leaves a large final balloon or return conditions."],"ja":["銀行の自動車ローン：利息コストが明確なことが多く、通常は車を所有。","ディーラー分割：便利で、値引きや残価（バルーン）プランがあることも。","車両の現金価格を融資と必ず別々に比較する。","残価プランは大きな最終バルーンや返却条件を残す。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-trade","heading":{"en":"The core trade-off","ja":"中核のトレードオフ"},"body":{"en":["A bank auto loan often shows a clearer interest cost and typically leaves you owning the vehicle outright. Dealer finance is convenient — arranged at the point of sale — and may come with promotional discounts or a residual-value (balloon) structure that lowers monthly payments by assuming a future vehicle value. The catch is that dealer discounts and finance terms are often intertwined, so a \"cheap\" finance rate can accompany a higher vehicle price, and a residual plan leaves a large final balloon or return conditions."],"ja":["銀行の自動車ローンは利息コストが明確なことが多く、通常は車を完全に所有します。ディーラー分割は（販売時に手配され）便利で、販促値引きや、将来の車両価値を前提に月々を下げる残価（バルーン）構造が付き得ます。落とし穴は、ディーラーの値引きと融資条件がしばしば絡み合うことです。「安い」融資金利が高い車両価格を伴い得、残価プランは大きな最終バルーンや返却条件を残します。"]}},{"id":"decision","heading":{"en":"How to decide","ja":"判断の仕方"},"body":{"en":["Separate the two decisions. First negotiate the cash price of the vehicle as if paying cash, then compare financing options — bank loan versus dealer finance — on the total finance cost for that price. Be wary of a residual-value plan if you assume you can always refinance or resell to cover the balloon. A car is a depreciating asset, so avoid an excessive vehicle price, a balloon you cannot fund, or a term stretching beyond the car’s useful life.","Key points to carry away: Bank auto loan: often a clearer interest cost, you usually own the car; Dealer finance: convenient, sometimes discounts or a residual (balloon) plan; Always compare the cash vehicle price separately from the finance; A residual-value plan leaves a large final balloon or return conditions. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["二つの判断を分けます。まず現金払いのつもりで車両の現金価格を交渉し、次にその価格に対する総融資コストで融資（銀行ローン対ディーラー分割）を比較します。バルーンを賄うために常に借換や転売ができると仮定するなら、残価プランに注意します。車は減価資産なので、過大な車両価格・賄えないバルーン・車の耐用年数を超える期間は避けましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：銀行の自動車ローン：利息コストが明確なことが多く、通常は車を所有。ディーラー分割：便利で、値引きや残価（バルーン）プランがあることも。車両の現金価格を融資と必ず別々に比較する。残価プランは大きな最終バルーンや返却条件を残す。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers weighing this specific decision"],"ja":["この具体的な判断を検討する買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A one-size-fits-all recommendation"],"ja":["万人向けの推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Negotiate the cash price first; a low finance rate can hide a higher vehicle price or an unaffordable balloon."],"ja":["まず現金価格を交渉すること。低い融資金利が高い車両価格や賄えないバルーンを隠し得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-dealer-financing-cheaper","loan-residual-value","loan-what-auto-bank-loan"],"sources":["fsa-moneylending"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["car-loans","secured-vs-unsecured"]},{"slug":"consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Consumer loan vs bank card loan","ja":"消費者ローンと銀行カードローン"},"summary":{"en":"Rate, regulation, limits, repayment, and risks compared.","ja":"金利・規制・限度・返済・リスクを比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Consumer (moneylender) loans fall under the one-third-of-income borrowing cap and high rates; bank card loans sit outside that statutory rule but still carry high rates — neither suits a long-term lifestyle deficit.","ja":"消費者（貸金業者）ローンは年収3分の1の総量規制と高金利の対象、銀行カードローンはこの規制の外ですが依然高金利です。どちらも長期の生活赤字に向きません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Consumer loans: moneylender regulation, the one-third-of-income cap, high rates.","Bank card loans: bank underwriting, outside the statutory cap, still often high rates.","Both are revolving and can trap you in minimum-payment cycles.","Neither is suitable for a long-term living-cost deficit."],"ja":["消費者ローン：貸金業規制・年収3分の1の総量規制・高金利。","銀行カードローン：銀行審査・総量規制の外・依然高金利のことが多い。","どちらもリボ払いで最低返済の罠にはまり得る。","どちらも長期の生活費赤字に不向き。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-trade","heading":{"en":"The core difference","ja":"中核の違い"},"body":{"en":["Consumer loans and finance-company cash advances are covered moneylender borrowing, generally subject to the aggregate limit under the Money Lending Business Act — new borrowing is normally restricted once covered balances exceed one-third of annual income — and they carry high, often double-digit rates. Bank card loans are revolving unsecured credit from a bank; bank lending sits outside that statutory one-third rule, though banks impose their own limits, and the rates are still often high. Both are convenient for short-term liquidity and dangerous as a habit."],"ja":["消費者ローンや信販会社のキャッシングは対象となる貸金業の借入で、貸金業法の総量規制の対象（対象残高が年収の3分の1を超えると新規借入が原則制限）で、高い（多くは二桁の）金利を伴います。銀行カードローンは銀行のリボ払い無担保信用で、銀行融資はこの3分の1規制の外ですが（銀行は独自の限度を設ける）、金利は依然高いことが多いです。どちらも短期の流動性には便利で、習慣化すると危険です。"]}},{"id":"decision","heading":{"en":"The decision rule","ja":"判断ルール"},"body":{"en":["Neither is suitable for a long-term lifestyle deficit — if you are using either to cover recurring living costs, the problem is the budget, not the loan, and adding high-rate revolving debt deepens it. For a genuine short, necessary, repayable emergency, compare the rate and repayment terms of both and choose the cheaper, and pay it off quickly. Remember that card-loan use can hurt a future mortgage application through the balance, the repayment burden, and your credit behavior, so keep balances low and avoid revolving debt before applying for a home loan.","Key points to carry away: Consumer loans: moneylender regulation, the one-third-of-income cap, high rates; Bank card loans: bank underwriting, outside the statutory cap, still often high rates; Both are revolving and can trap you in minimum-payment cycles; Neither is suitable for a long-term living-cost deficit. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["どちらも長期の生活赤字に不向きです。継続的な生活費を賄うためにどちらかを使っているなら、問題はローンでなく予算で、高金利のリボ債務を足すと深まります。本当に短く必要で返済可能な緊急時には、両方の金利と返済条件を比較して安いほうを選び、素早く完済します。カードローンの利用は、残高・返済負担・信用行動を通じて将来の住宅ローン審査に響き得るため、住宅ローン申込前は残高を低く保ちリボ債務を避けましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：消費者ローン：貸金業規制・年収3分の1の総量規制・高金利。銀行カードローン：銀行審査・総量規制の外・依然高金利のことが多い。どちらもリボ払いで最低返済の罠にはまり得る。どちらも長期の生活費赤字に不向き。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers weighing this specific decision"],"ja":["この具体的な判断を検討する買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A one-size-fits-all recommendation"],"ja":["万人向けの推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Neither loan suits a recurring living-cost deficit; high-rate revolving debt deepens a budget problem."],"ja":["どちらのローンも継続的な生活費赤字に不向きです。高金利のリボ債務は予算の問題を深めます。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-bank-card-loan","loan-card-loan-onethird","loan-card-loan-mortgage"],"sources":["fsa-moneylending","cic-credit"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["consumer-loans","bank-card-loans","debt-before-mortgage"]},{"slug":"property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Property portal vs buyer’s agent","ja":"不動産ポータルと買主エージェント"},"summary":{"en":"Inventory, representation, fees, conflicts, and diligence compared.","ja":"在庫・代理・手数料・利益相反・調査を比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Use portals for broad discovery, but they are advertising tools not diligence; use a properly incentivized professional for representation, negotiation, and judgment — and always ask who a broker actually represents.","ja":"ポータルは広い発見に使いますが、広告ツールであり調査ではありません。代理・交渉・判断には適切に動機づけられた専門家を使い、そのブローカーが実際に誰を代理するか必ず尋ねます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A portal is broad inventory and discovery — not title, legal, building, or financial diligence.","Duplicate listings are common; a portal is optimized for lead generation.","A buyer’s agent provides search, negotiation, and diligence representation.","Ask who the broker represents and whether dual agency or direct dealing exists."],"ja":["ポータルは広い在庫と発見であり、権利・法務・建物・財務の調査ではない。","重複掲載は一般的で、ポータルは見込み客獲得に最適化されている。","買主エージェントは物件探し・交渉・調査の代理を提供する。","そのブローカーが誰を代理し、両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-trade","heading":{"en":"The core difference","ja":"中核の違い"},"body":{"en":["A property portal (SUUMO, at home, HOME’S, Yahoo! Real Estate, and others) is an advertising and discovery tool — excellent for seeing what is on the market, but not a substitute for title, legal, building, or financial diligence, and duplicate listings are common because portals are optimized for lead generation. A buyer’s agent, by contrast, can provide search, negotiation, and diligence representation. The catch is incentives: the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller, and dual agency or direct dealing can create conflicts."],"ja":["不動産ポータル（SUUMO、アットホーム、HOME’S、Yahoo!不動産ほか）は広告と発見のツールで、市場に何があるかを見るには優れますが、権利・法務・建物・財務の調査の代わりにはならず、ポータルは見込み客獲得に最適化されているため重複掲載が一般的です。対照的に買主エージェントは、物件探し・交渉・調査の代理を提供し得ます。落とし穴は動機です。掲載ブローカーは売主を代理または売主に経済的に依存し得、両手仲介や直接取引が利益相反を生み得ます。"]}},{"id":"decision","heading":{"en":"How to decide","ja":"判断の仕方"},"body":{"en":["Use portals for discovery — cast a wide net and identify candidate areas and properties. Then use a properly incentivized professional for judgment: someone whose compensation aligns with representing your interests in the search, negotiation, and diligence. Always ask a broker who they represent, whether they are acting for both sides, and whether they have a direct interest in the sale. Do not confuse \"has an English website\" with \"provides independent buyer representation\" — verify the license, fee, and whose side the advice is on.","Key points to carry away: A portal is broad inventory and discovery — not title, legal, building, or financial diligence; Duplicate listings are common; a portal is optimized for lead generation; A buyer’s agent provides search, negotiation, and diligence representation; Ask who the broker represents and whether dual agency or direct dealing exists. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["ポータルは発見に使い、広く網を張って候補のエリアと物件を特定します。次に判断には適切に動機づけられた専門家を使います。物件探し・交渉・調査であなたの利益を代理することと報酬が整合する人です。ブローカーには、誰を代理するか、双方の代理か、売買に直接の利害があるかを必ず尋ねます。「英語サイトがある」を「独立した買主代理を提供する」と混同しないこと。免許・手数料・助言が誰の側かを確認しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：ポータルは広い在庫と発見であり、権利・法務・建物・財務の調査ではない。重複掲載は一般的で、ポータルは見込み客獲得に最適化されている。買主エージェントは物件探し・交渉・調査の代理を提供する。そのブローカーが誰を代理し、両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers weighing this specific decision"],"ja":["この具体的な判断を検討する買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A one-size-fits-all recommendation"],"ja":["万人向けの推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["A portal is discovery, not diligence; ask any broker who they represent before relying on their advice."],"ja":["ポータルは発見であり調査ではありません。助言に頼る前に、そのブローカーが誰を代理するか尋ねましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library","reins-market"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-portals","buyers-agents","real-estate-agents-japan","foreign-friendly-real-estate"]},{"slug":"mortgage-lenders","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"All mortgage lenders in Japan","ja":"日本の住宅ローン提供機関一覧"},"summary":{"en":"A master directory of banks, online lenders, regional institutions, Flat 35 providers, and specialists.","ja":"銀行・ネット銀行・地域金融機関・フラット35提供者・専門機関の総合ディレクトリ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Japan’s mortgage market spans megabanks, online banks, regional and shinkin banks, labor banks, agricultural cooperatives, Flat 35 providers, and foreign-resident specialists — a screened shortlist based on your and the property’s eligibility beats any national \"best lender\" ranking.","ja":"日本の住宅ローン市場は、メガバンク・ネット銀行・地方銀行や信用金庫・労働金庫・農協・フラット35提供者・外国人居住者向け専門機関に及びます。全国の「ベスト」ランキングより、あなたと物件の適格性で絞った候補リストが有効です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Megabanks and online banks compete on rate, process, and insurance riders.","Regional banks, shinkin, labor banks, and JA may have geographic or membership rules.","Flat 35 providers cluster on base rate but differ on fees.","A screened shortlist beats a national ranking because eligibility is borrower- and property-specific."],"ja":["メガバンクとネット銀行は金利・手続き・保険特約で競う。","地方銀行・信金・労金・農協は地理や会員の条件があり得る。","フラット35提供者は基準金利は近いが手数料が異なる。","適格性は申込者と物件で決まるため、全国ランキングより絞った候補リストが有効。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-landscape","heading":{"en":"The lender landscape","ja":"提供機関の全体像"},"body":{"en":["Japan’s mortgage market includes the megabanks (MUFG, Mizuho, SMBC) and large nationwide institutions (Resona), online banks (au Jibun Bank, Sumishin SBI Net Bank, PayPay Bank, Sony Bank, Rakuten Bank, AEON Bank), regional banks, shinkin banks, labor (rokin) banks, agricultural cooperatives (JA), and Flat 35 originators such as ARUHI. Foreign-resident specialists include PRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, and Suruga Bank. Each competes differently — online banks on rate and digital process, branch banks on advice and exception handling, regional institutions on local relationships."],"ja":["日本の住宅ローン市場には、メガバンク（三菱UFJ・みずほ・三井住友）と大手全国機関（りそな）、ネット銀行（au Jibun Bank・住信SBIネット銀行・PayPay銀行・ソニー銀行・楽天銀行・イオン銀行）、地方銀行、信用金庫、労働金庫（労金）、農協（JA）、そしてARUHIなどのフラット35取扱機関が含まれます。外国人居住者向け専門機関にはプレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガ銀行があります。各社は異なる形で競います。ネット銀行は金利とデジタル手続き、店舗銀行は助言と例外対応、地域機関は地域の関係です。"]}},{"id":"regional-caveat","heading":{"en":"Why a national ranking is less useful than a shortlist","ja":"全国ランキングより候補リストが有効な理由"},"body":{"en":["Regional institutions may offer competitive rates to residents, employees, or purchasers within their service areas, but may impose geographic, payroll, membership, employer, or property-location restrictions. That is why a nationwide \"best lender\" ranking is less useful than a screened shortlist based on your residence status, income type, and the specific property. Build a shortlist covering a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need (Flat 35 or a foreign-resident lender), then compare dated quotations on the same LTV, term, and holding period.","Key points to carry away: Megabanks and online banks compete on rate, process, and insurance riders; Regional banks, shinkin, labor banks, and JA may have geographic or membership rules; Flat 35 providers cluster on base rate but differ on fees; A screened shortlist beats a national ranking because eligibility is borrower- and property-specific. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["地域機関は、営業区域内の居住者・従業員・購入者に競争力ある金利を出し得ますが、地理・給与振込・会員・雇用主・物件所在地の制限を課し得ます。だからこそ、全国の「ベスト」ランキングより、あなたの在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件で絞った候補リストのほうが有効です。メガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行、そして必要な専門ルート（フラット35や外国人向け）を網羅した候補リストを作り、同じLTV・期間・保有期間で日付入りの見積りを比較しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：メガバンクとネット銀行は金利・手続き・保険特約で競う。地方銀行・信金・労金・農協は地理や会員の条件があり得る。フラット35提供者は基準金利は近いが手数料が異なる。適格性は申込者と物件で決まるため、全国ランキングより絞った候補リストが有効。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers building a lender shortlist","Anyone comparing across lender types"],"ja":["候補リストを作る買い手","種類をまたいで比較する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A single \"best lender\" recommendation"],"ja":["単一の「ベスト」推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["loan-how-many-lenders","loan-compare-fairly"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","mufg-mortgage","jibun-mortgage","prestia-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":["flat-35"],"relatedArticles":["compare-mortgage-lenders","foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","online-mortgage-lenders","flat-35-lenders"]},{"slug":"foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Foreign-friendly mortgage lenders","ja":"外国人に対応する住宅ローン提供機関"},"summary":{"en":"PR rules, non-PR routes, Japanese-language requirements, and English support across lenders.","ja":"永住要件・非永住ルート・日本語要件・英語対応を各社で比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"PRESTIA advertises comprehensive English support and no guarantee fee; Tokyo Star Bank publishes a Star Mortgage for foreign nationals without PR; Suruga Bank offers a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents — but eligibility and pricing are narrower than mainstream PR products.","ja":"プレスティアは充実した英語対応と保証料なしを掲げ、東京スター銀行は永住のない外国人向けスターモーゲージを公表し、スルガ銀行は日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローンを提供します。ただし適格性と価格は主流の永住者向けより狭くなります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["PRESTIA: English support, up to ¥500 million, no guarantee fee, purchase and refinance.","Tokyo Star Bank: a Star Mortgage expressly for foreign nationals without permanent residence.","Suruga Bank: a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents (not nonresidents).","\"English page,\" \"interpreter,\" and full English contracting are different services — verify which."],"ja":["プレスティア：英語対応・最大5億円・保証料なし・購入と借換。","東京スター銀行：永住のない外国人向けに明示されたスターモーゲージ。","スルガ銀行：日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローン（非居住者は不可）。","「英語ページ」「通訳」「英語での契約」は別のサービス。どれかを確認する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-routes","heading":{"en":"The foreign-friendly routes","ja":"外国人対応のルート"},"body":{"en":["PRESTIA (SMBC Trust Bank) advertises comprehensive English support, loans up to ¥500 million, no credit-guarantee or surety fee, and both purchase and refinance uses — a leading option for higher-income or internationally oriented clients, though potentially selective and relationship-priced. Tokyo Star Bank expressly publishes a Star Mortgage for foreign nationals without permanent residence, an important non-PR route with a possible salary-deposit discount. Suruga Bank’s foreign-national home loan is for Japan residents (its outline excludes nonresidents) and does not state that PR is universally required. Flat 35 is also accessible to non-PR buyers who meet its nationality/residence and property conditions."],"ja":["プレスティア（SMBC信託銀行）は、充実した英語対応・最大5億円・信用保証や保証料なし・購入と借換の両方を掲げ、高所得や国際志向の顧客に有力な選択肢です（選択的・関係価格の可能性あり）。東京スター銀行は、永住のない外国人向けにスターモーゲージを明示的に公表し、給与振込割引の可能性がある重要な非永住ルートです。スルガ銀行の外国人向け住宅ローンは日本居住者向け（概要は非居住者を除外）で、永住が普遍的に必須とは述べていません。フラット35も、国籍・在留と物件の条件を満たす非永住の買い手が利用できます。"]}},{"id":"language-caveat","heading":{"en":"The language-support caveat","ja":"言語対応の注意点"},"body":{"en":["Do not assume \"English website\" means fully independent English service. An English marketing page, an interpreter for meetings, and full English contracting are three different things, and English-support quality varies by city and transaction. Confirm exactly what language help each lender provides at each stage — application, important-matters explanation, contract, and closing — and whether contractual understanding in Japanese is still required. For non-PR applicants, also confirm the specific PR rule, down-payment expectation, and any spouse, employer, or long-term-residence conditions before assuming you qualify.","Key points to carry away: PRESTIA: English support, up to ¥500 million, no guarantee fee, purchase and refinance; Tokyo Star Bank: a Star Mortgage expressly for foreign nationals without permanent residence; Suruga Bank: a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents (not nonresidents); \"English page,\" \"interpreter,\" and full English contracting are different services — verify which. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["「英語サイトがある」を「完全に独立した英語サービス」と思い込まないこと。英語の広告ページ、会議の通訳、英語での契約は三つの別物で、英語対応の質は都市や取引で異なります。各社が各段階（申込・重要事項説明・契約・決済）でどの言語支援を提供するか、日本語での契約理解がなお必要かを正確に確認しましょう。非永住の申込者は、適格と決める前に、具体的な永住要件・頭金の想定・配偶者や雇用主や長期在留の条件も確認しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：プレスティア：英語対応・最大5億円・保証料なし・購入と借換。東京スター銀行：永住のない外国人向けに明示されたスターモーゲージ。スルガ銀行：日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローン（非居住者は不可）。「英語ページ」「通訳」「英語での契約」は別のサービス。どれかを確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Foreign residents comparing lenders","Non-PR and English-preferring applicants"],"ja":["金融機関を比較する外国人居住者","非永住・英語希望の申込者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Nonresidents seeking an ordinary owner-occupier loan"],"ja":["通常の居住用ローンを求める非居住者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["loan-english-support","loan-mortgage-no-pr","loan-japanese-language","loan-no-japanese-guarantor"],"sources":["prestia-mortgage","tokyostar-mortgage","suruga-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["foreigners-buying-property","pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","foreigner-mortgage-checker","prestia-housing-loan"]},{"slug":"online-mortgage-lenders","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Online mortgage lenders","ja":"ネット銀行の住宅ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Digital application, rate, documents, e-contract, and support across online banks.","ja":"デジタル申込・金利・書類・電子契約・サポートをネット銀行で比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Online banks (au Jibun Bank, Sumishin SBI Net Bank, PayPay Bank, Sony Bank, Rakuten Bank) offer low advertised rates and a fully digital application, best suited to standard salaried applicants with clean, document-ready files.","ja":"ネット銀行（au Jibun Bank・住信SBIネット銀行・PayPay銀行・ソニー銀行・楽天銀行）は低い広告金利と完全デジタルの申込を提供し、書類の整った標準的な給与所得者に最適です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Low advertised rates and a digital application with an e-contract.","au Jibun Bank: 1–50 year terms; Sumishin SBI: up to ¥300 million and up to 50 years.","Rate pages are dynamic — save them on your application and execution dates.","Best for standard salaried files; complex cases may need a branch bank."],"ja":["低い広告金利と、電子契約を伴うデジタル申込。","au Jibun Bank：1〜50年、住信SBI：最大3億円・最長50年。","金利ページは変動的。申込日と実行日に保存する。","標準的な給与案件に最適。複雑な案件は店舗銀行が必要になり得る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-they-work","heading":{"en":"How online mortgages work","ja":"ネット住宅ローンの仕組み"},"body":{"en":["Online banks run the whole process digitally — application, document upload, and often an electronic contract — and pass the branch-cost savings into lower advertised rates. au Jibun Bank publishes 1–50 year terms with transparent LTV and fee disclosure; Sumishin SBI Net Bank publishes loans up to ¥300 million and up to 50 years for new borrowing with broad insurance appeal; PayPay Bank and Sony Bank offer long-term and insurance features. The reviewed pages generally require permanent residence for ordinary foreign-national eligibility, so non-PR applicants should confirm before applying."],"ja":["ネット銀行は全過程（申込・書類アップロード・多くは電子契約）をデジタルで行い、店舗コストの節約を低い広告金利に反映します。au Jibun Bankは1〜50年の期間と透明なLTV・手数料開示を公表し、住信SBIネット銀行は新規借入で最大3億円・最長50年と幅広い保険を公表し、PayPay銀行やソニー銀行は長期や保険の機能を提供します。確認したページは通常、外国人の一般的な適格性に永住を求めるため、非永住の申込者は申込前に確認しましょう。"]}},{"id":"best-fit","heading":{"en":"Best fit and the dynamic-rate caveat","ja":"最適な相手と変動金利の注意"},"body":{"en":["Online mortgages suit standard salaried applicants with clean, document-ready files who are comfortable applying in Japanese online. The main caveat is that rate pages are dynamic and can change between application and execution, so save the page (with the date) whenever you apply and again at execution, and confirm the exact rate in a dated written quotation. If your income is self-employed or overseas, the property is unusual, or you need in-person guidance or English support, a branch bank or specialist lender may suit you better despite a slightly higher rate.","Key points to carry away: Low advertised rates and a digital application with an e-contract; au Jibun Bank: 1–50 year terms; Sumishin SBI: up to ¥300 million and up to 50 years; Rate pages are dynamic — save them on your application and execution dates; Best for standard salaried files; complex cases may need a branch bank. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["ネット住宅ローンは、日本語でのオンライン申込に抵抗がなく、書類の整った標準的な給与所得者に向きます。主な注意点は、金利ページが変動的で申込と実行の間に変わり得ることです。申込時と実行時に（日付付きで）ページを保存し、日付入りの書面見積りで正確な金利を確認しましょう。収入が自営や海外、物件が特殊、対面の案内や英語対応が必要なら、やや高い金利でも店舗銀行や専門の貸し手が向くことがあります。","押さえておきたい要点：低い広告金利と、電子契約を伴うデジタル申込。au Jibun Bank：1〜50年、住信SBI：最大3億円・最長50年。金利ページは変動的。申込日と実行日に保存する。標準的な給与案件に最適。複雑な案件は店舗銀行が必要になり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Standard salaried applicants","Borrowers comfortable applying online in Japanese"],"ja":["標準的な給与所得の申込者","日本語のオンライン申込に抵抗がない借り手"]},"notFor":{"en":["Complex income or property cases","Applicants needing English contracting"],"ja":["複雑な収入・物件の案件","英語での契約が必要な申込者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["loan-how-many-lenders"],"sources":["jibun-mortgage","sumishin-mortgage","paypay-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["online-vs-traditional-mortgages","jibun-bank-housing-loan","sumishin-sbi-web-course","paypay-bank-mortgage"]},{"slug":"major-bank-mortgages","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Major-bank mortgages","ja":"メガバンクの住宅ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Megabanks and large nationwide institutions: branch networks, process, and exception handling.","ja":"メガバンクと大手全国機関：店舗網・手続き・例外対応。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Megabanks (MUFG, Mizuho, SMBC) and large nationwide institutions (Resona) combine established processes, branch networks, and in-person advice, suiting conventional salaried borrowers and complex cases needing exception handling.","ja":"メガバンク（三菱UFJ・みずほ・三井住友）と大手全国機関（りそな）は、確立した手続き・店舗網・対面の助言を兼ね備え、一般的な給与所得者や例外対応が必要な複雑案件に向きます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Established process, branch networks, and in-person advice.","MUFG: variable shown around 0.945–0.995% depending on course; up to 40 years without the highlighted term surcharge.","Mizuho disclosed an announced January 2027 reset; Resona has a strong retail lineup.","Best for conventional salaried borrowers wanting branch plus online service."],"ja":["確立した手続き・店舗網・対面の助言。","MUFG：コースにより変動約0.945〜0.995%、強調される期間上乗せなしで最長40年。","みずほは2027年1月の見直しを開示、りそなは充実した個人向けラインナップ。","店舗＋オンラインを望む一般的な給与所得者に最適。"]},"sections":[{"id":"who-they-are","heading":{"en":"The major banks","ja":"メガバンクとは"},"body":{"en":["The megabanks and large nationwide institutions offer established processes and branch networks with in-person advice. MUFG showed a variable rate of 0.945% on its main page and 0.995% under a specified discount course on its detailed page, a fixed 10-year at 3.59%, a percentage-fee structure generally 2.20%, no guarantee fee on the reviewed product, and up to 40 years without the highlighted term surcharge — reconcile the headline and detailed-course displays before applying. Mizuho showed new variable borrowing from about 1.025% with a published warning that 1.275% or more would apply from January 2027. Resona is strongly specialized in retail mortgages with a renovation and reverse-mortgage lineup."],"ja":["メガバンクと大手全国機関は、確立した手続きと店舗網、対面の助言を提供します。MUFGは主ページで変動0.945%、詳細ページの所定の割引コースで0.995%、10年固定3.59%、一般に2.20%の定率手数料、確認商品では保証料なし、強調される期間上乗せなしで最長40年を示しました。申込前に主ページと詳細コースの表示を突き合わせましょう。みずほは新規変動約1.025%からとしつつ、2027年1月以降に1.275%以上が適用される旨を公表しました。りそなは個人向け住宅ローンに強く、リフォームやリバースモーゲージのラインナップを持ちます。"]}},{"id":"best-fit","heading":{"en":"Best fit","ja":"最適な相手"},"body":{"en":["Major banks best suit conventional salaried borrowers who want the reassurance of a branch alongside online service, or complex cases (variable income, an unusual property, or a need for exception handling) that benefit from a human underwriter. Their advertised rates are competitive but usually above the cheapest online banks, so weigh the value of branch access and advice against the rate difference. As with any lender, reconcile the headline-page and detailed-course rates and get a dated written quotation before you commit.","Key points to carry away: Established process, branch networks, and in-person advice; MUFG: variable shown around 0.945–0.995% depending on course; up to 40 years without the highlighted term surcharge; Mizuho disclosed an announced January 2027 reset; Resona has a strong retail lineup; Best for conventional salaried borrowers wanting branch plus online service. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["メガバンクは、オンラインに加え店舗の安心を望む一般的な給与所得者や、人による審査が有効な複雑案件（変動収入・特殊な物件・例外対応の必要）に最適です。広告金利は競争力がありますが通常は最安のネット銀行より上のため、店舗の利便と助言の価値を金利差と比較しましょう。どの銀行でも、主ページと詳細コースの金利を突き合わせ、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：確立した手続き・店舗網・対面の助言。MUFG：コースにより変動約0.945〜0.995%、強調される期間上乗せなしで最長40年。みずほは2027年1月の見直しを開示、りそなは充実した個人向けラインナップ。店舗＋オンラインを望む一般的な給与所得者に最適。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Conventional salaried borrowers","Complex cases needing exception handling"],"ja":["一般的な給与所得の借り手","例外対応が必要な複雑案件"]},"notFor":{"en":["Borrowers chasing the absolute lowest online rate"],"ja":["絶対的な最安のネット金利を追う借り手"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["loan-compare-fairly"],"sources":["mufg-mortgage","mizuho-mortgage","resona-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["online-vs-traditional-mortgages","mufg-housing-loan","mizuho-housing-loan","resona-housing-loan"]},{"slug":"flat-35-lenders","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Flat 35 providers","ja":"フラット35の取扱機関"},"summary":{"en":"Rate, fee, LTV, insurance, discount points, and processing across Flat 35 providers.","ja":"金利・手数料・LTV・保険・優遇ポイント・処理をフラット35各社で比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Flat 35 base rates cluster across providers (around 3.29% for 21–35 years in August 2026), so compare the origination fee, LTV band, insurance additions, discount points, and processing rather than the headline rate.","ja":"フラット35の基準金利は各社で近い（2026年8月で21〜35年約3.29%）ため、表面金利でなく事務手数料・LTV帯・保険上乗せ・優遇ポイント・処理を比較します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Base rates cluster; ARUHI is an experienced originator with Super Flat options.","Compare origination fee, LTV band, and processing across providers.","Insurance additions matter: pair life +0.18 point and three-major-disease +0.24 point on the July schedule.","Discount points (Flat 35S, Child-Rearing Plus) apply for specified initial years."],"ja":["基準金利は近い。ARUHIはスーパーフラットを持つ経験豊富な取扱機関。","事務手数料・LTV帯・処理を各社で比較する。","保険上乗せが重要：7月表でペア団信＋0.18%、三大疾病＋0.24%。","優遇ポイント（フラット35S・子育てプラス）は所定の当初年数に適用。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-to-compare","heading":{"en":"How to compare Flat 35 providers","ja":"フラット35各社の比較の仕方"},"body":{"en":["Because Flat 35 is a standardized JHF program, base pricing clusters across providers — the July official most-frequent rate was 3.14% at 90% LTV or lower for 21–35 years, and August provider rates had risen to about 3.29%, within a July range of roughly 3.14%–5.40% by LTV and term. What actually differs is the origination-fee model, guarantee and appraisal costs, insurance additions (the official July schedule showed pair life insurance at +0.18 point and three-major-disease insurance at +0.24 point), discount points, and processing speed. ARUHI is an experienced Flat 35 originator whose Super Flat variants may reward a large down payment with a lower rate."],"ja":["フラット35は標準化されたJHF制度のため基準金利は各社で近く、7月の公式最頻金利はLTV90%以下・21〜35年で3.14%、8月の各社金利は約3.29%へ上昇し、7月レンジはLTVと期間で概ね3.14〜5.40%でした。実際に異なるのは、事務手数料モデル・保証と鑑定費用・保険上乗せ（7月公式表でペア団信＋0.18%、三大疾病＋0.24%）・優遇ポイント・処理速度です。ARUHIは経験豊富なフラット35取扱機関で、スーパーフラットは大きな頭金に対しより低い金利で報い得ます。"]}},{"id":"property-standards-and-fit","heading":{"en":"Property standards and who Flat 35 suits","ja":"物件基準とフラット35が向く人"},"body":{"en":["Whichever provider you choose, Flat 35 requires the property to meet applicable technical standards and pass certification, so factor the inspection and certification steps into your timeline, and remember it will finance a qualifying used home but not an ordinary rental-investment property. Shorter Flat 20 and eligible longer Flat 50 structures exist, and discount frameworks — Flat 35S for housing performance and Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus for qualifying households — reduce the rate for specified initial years rather than the full term, so model the payment both during and after the discounted period. Flat 35 best suits a borrower who wants full-term payment certainty, has a qualifying property, or lacks permanent residence and needs a rules-based route; compare providers on the fee model and processing rather than the base rate, and obtain a dated quotation before you apply."],"ja":["どの提供者でも、フラット35は物件が所定の技術基準を満たし適合証明を通す必要があるため、検査と証明の手順を工程に織り込み、適格な中古住宅は融資しますが通常の賃貸投資物件は融資しないことを覚えておきましょう。短いフラット20や適格な長期のフラット50もあり、優遇の枠組み（住宅性能のフラット35S、適格世帯の子育てプラス）は全期間でなく所定の当初年数だけ金利を下げるため、割引期間の間と後の両方で返済額を試算します。フラット35は、全期間の返済確実性を望む・適格な物件を持つ・永住がなく基準の明確なルートが必要な借り手に最適です。基準金利でなく手数料モデルと処理で各社を比較し、申込前に日付入りの見積りを取りましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Flat 35 applicants comparing providers","Buyers with a qualifying property"],"ja":["提供者を比較するフラット35申込者","適格な物件を持つ買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["Investment-property borrowers"],"ja":["投資用物件の借り手"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["loan-flat35-same-everywhere","loan-what-flat35"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","jhf-flat35-rates","aruhi-flat35"],"relatedProducts":["flat-35"],"relatedArticles":["flat-35","flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage","sbi-aruhi-flat-35","japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35"]},{"slug":"refinancing-lenders","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mortgage refinancing providers","ja":"住宅ローン借り換えの提供機関"},"summary":{"en":"Eligible balances, terms, fees, appraisal, and insurance for refinancing.","ja":"対象残高・条件・手数料・鑑定・保険（借り換え）。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Most major and online banks and PRESTIA offer refinancing; compare the new rate against the full switching cost — origination fee, cancellation and registration, judicial scrivener, appraisal, and new insurance — over your remaining term.","ja":"多くのメガ・ネット銀行とプレスティアが借り換えを扱います。残存期間にわたり、新金利を乗り換えの総コスト（事務手数料・抹消と登記・司法書士・鑑定・新たな保険）と比較します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Major banks, online banks, and PRESTIA all offer refinancing.","Compare the new rate against origination, registration, judicial-scrivener, appraisal, and insurance costs.","Refinancing needs fresh group credit life insurance and health screening.","A meaningful balance and remaining term are needed for savings to beat the fees."],"ja":["メガ銀行・ネット銀行・プレスティアが借り換えを扱う。","新金利を事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険と比較する。","借り換えは新たな団信と健康審査が必要。","手数料を上回る節約には、相当の残高と残存期間が要る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"who-offers","heading":{"en":"Who offers refinancing and how to compare","ja":"取扱機関と比較の仕方"},"body":{"en":["Most major banks, online banks, and specialist lenders such as PRESTIA (which offers purchase and refinance uses up to ¥500 million with no guarantee fee) will refinance an existing mortgage subject to fresh underwriting. Because a refinance replaces the whole loan, compare the new rate against the full switching cost — a new origination fee, the old mortgage’s cancellation and the new registration, judicial-scrivener costs, appraisal, and new group credit life insurance — measured over your remaining term. A meaningful remaining balance and term are needed for the savings to exceed those costs."],"ja":["多くのメガ銀行・ネット銀行、そしてプレスティア（購入と借換で最大5億円・保証料なし）などの専門機関が、あらためての審査を条件に既存ローンを借り換えます。借り換えはローン全体を置き換えるため、新金利を乗り換えの総コスト（新たな事務手数料・旧抵当権の抹消と新設定・司法書士費用・鑑定・新たな団信）と、残存期間で測って比較します。手数料を上回る節約には、相当の残高と残存期間が必要です。"]}},{"id":"break-even","heading":{"en":"Check the break-even before you switch","ja":"乗り換え前に損益分岐を確認する"},"body":{"en":["Refinancing pays only when the discounted present-value interest saving exceeds every new cost, so run the break-even before you apply: how many months of lower payments it takes to recover the switching costs, and whether you will hold the loan that long. Obtaining permanent residence or a stronger credit record can broaden the lenders available to you and improve the rate, but approval is never guaranteed, and a new loan means a fresh health screening for group credit life insurance — poor health can restrict standard cover, though wider-acceptance products may exist at a higher cost. Beware term extension: stretching the loan back out lowers the monthly payment and can make a refinance look attractive while raising the total interest, so compare like-for-like remaining terms and treat a lower monthly payment achieved by re-lengthening the loan as a cost, not a saving."],"ja":["借り換えが得になるのは、割引現在価値での利息の節約が新たな費用のすべてを上回るときだけです。申込の前に損益分岐を試算しましょう。低い返済で乗り換え費用を回収するのに何か月かかるか、その期間ローンを保有するかです。永住権の取得や信用の改善は利用できる貸し手を広げ金利を良くし得ますが、承認は決して保証されず、新しいローンは団信の新たな健康審査を伴います。健康状態が悪いと標準の保障が制限され得ますが、引受基準の緩い商品が割高で存在することもあります。期間の延長に注意しましょう。ローンを再び延ばすと毎月の返済は下がり借り換えが魅力的に見えますが、総利息を増やし得ます。残存期間を同条件で比較し、再延長による低い月返済はメリットでなくコストと捉えましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Owners with a high rate and long remaining term","Borrowers whose PR or credit improved"],"ja":["金利が高く残存期間が長い所有者","永住や信用が改善した借り手"]},"notFor":{"en":["Loans with a small balance or short term"],"ja":["残高が小さい・期間が短いローン"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["loan-refinancing-makes-sense","loan-refinancing-health"],"sources":["prestia-mortgage","mizuho-mortgage","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-refinancing","refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","mortgage-refinancing-tool"]},{"slug":"mortgage-fees-comparison","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mortgage fees comparison","ja":"住宅ローン手数料の比較"},"summary":{"en":"Percentage fees, guarantee fees, appraisal, registration, and early-repayment costs.","ja":"定率手数料・保証料・鑑定・登記・繰上返済費用。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Compare the origination fee (often 2.20% — ¥1.10 million on ¥50 million), the guarantee-fee model (upfront, rate-loaded, or absent), appraisal, registration and license tax, and early-repayment costs, not just the headline rate.","ja":"表面金利だけでなく、事務手数料（多くは2.20%＝5,000万円で110万円）・保証料モデル（前払い・金利上乗せ・なし）・鑑定・登録免許税・繰上返済費用を比較します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Percentage origination fees are often 2.20% of principal.","\"No guarantee fee\" may mean a higher percentage fee or a rate-loaded cost.","Add appraisal, registration and license tax, and judicial-scrivener fees.","Check early-repayment charges, especially if you may sell or refinance soon."],"ja":["定率の事務手数料は元金の2.20%が多い。","「保証料なし」は定率手数料の上昇や金利上乗せを意味し得る。","鑑定・登録免許税・司法書士報酬を加える。","早期に売却・借換の可能性があるなら繰上返済手数料を確認する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"fee-models","heading":{"en":"The fee models","ja":"手数料モデル"},"body":{"en":["Two broad models dominate. A percentage-fee product charges an origination fee — frequently 2.20% of principal, which is ¥1.10 million on a ¥50 million loan — and often has no separate guarantee fee. A guarantee-company model may charge the guarantee fee upfront, load it into the rate, or waive it in exchange for a higher origination fee. Because \"no guarantee fee\" and \"no origination fee\" can each hide cost elsewhere, always compare the total of all fees plus interest over your expected holding period."],"ja":["大きく二つのモデルが主流です。定率手数料型は事務手数料（多くは元金の2.20%＝5,000万円で110万円）を課し、別途の保証料はないことが多いです。保証会社型は、保証料を前払いする・金利に上乗せする・より高い事務手数料と引き換えに免除する、のいずれかです。「保証料なし」も「事務手数料なし」も、それぞれ別の所にコストを隠し得るため、想定保有期間にわたる全手数料と利息の合計で必ず比較しましょう。"]}},{"id":"other-costs","heading":{"en":"The other costs to compare","ja":"比較すべき他の費用"},"body":{"en":["Beyond origination and guarantee fees, add the appraisal fee, registration and license tax (based on the assessed value or secured amount and any relief), and judicial-scrivener fees at closing. Check the early-repayment charge, which matters most if you might sell or refinance within a few years. A nominally lower rate paired with a large fee can be the more expensive loan for a short holding period, so calculate the internal cost over the years you actually expect to hold the loan.","Key points to carry away: Percentage origination fees are often 2.20% of principal; \"No guarantee fee\" may mean a higher percentage fee or a rate-loaded cost; Add appraisal, registration and license tax, and judicial-scrivener fees; Check early-repayment charges, especially if you may sell or refinance soon. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["事務手数料と保証料に加え、鑑定料、登録免許税（評価額や被担保額と減免に基づく）、決済時の司法書士報酬を加えます。繰上返済手数料も確認しましょう。数年以内に売却・借換の可能性があるほど重要です。名目上低い金利と大きな手数料の組合せは、保有期間が短ければより高いローンになり得るため、実際に保有を見込む年数で内部コストを計算しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：定率の事務手数料は元金の2.20%が多い。「保証料なし」は定率手数料の上昇や金利上乗せを意味し得る。鑑定・登録免許税・司法書士報酬を加える。早期に売却・借換の可能性があるなら繰上返済手数料を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers comparing offers on total cost","Short-to-medium-term owners"],"ja":["総コストで提示を比較する借り手","短〜中期の所有者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Borrowers who only compare the headline rate"],"ja":["表面金利だけを比較する借り手"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["loan-total-cost","loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"sources":["mufg-mortgage","jibun-mortgage","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-fees","mortgage-apr-total-cost","read-mortgage-quote"]},{"slug":"mortgage-life-insurance","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mortgage life insurance comparison","ja":"団体信用生命保険（団信）の比較"},"summary":{"en":"Standard group credit life, pair coverage, cancer, major-disease, and rate additions.","ja":"標準団信・ペア団信・がん・三大疾病・金利上乗せ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Group credit life insurance (団信) clears the mortgage if the insured borrower dies; enhanced riders (cancer, three-major-disease, pair coverage) add protection at a rate addition — on the July Flat 35 schedule, pair life was +0.18 point and three-major-disease +0.24 point.","ja":"団体信用生命保険（団信）は被保険者の死亡時に住宅ローンを完済します。上乗せ特約（がん・三大疾病・ペア）は金利上乗せで保障を追加します。7月のフラット35表ではペア団信＋0.18%、三大疾病＋0.24%でした。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Standard group credit life insurance clears the loan if the insured borrower dies.","Riders (cancer, three-major-disease) add protection for a rate addition.","Pair coverage matters for pair loans — otherwise insurance clears only one loan.","Refinancing requires fresh screening; poor health can restrict standard cover."],"ja":["標準の団信は被保険者の死亡時にローンを完済する。","特約（がん・三大疾病）は金利上乗せで保障を追加する。","ペア団信はペアローンで重要。なければ団信は一方のローンのみ完済。","借換は新たな審査が必要。健康状態が悪いと標準団信が制限され得る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"standard-and-riders","heading":{"en":"Standard cover and riders","ja":"標準保障と特約"},"body":{"en":["Group credit life insurance (団体信用生命保険, 団信) repays the outstanding mortgage if the insured borrower dies (and often on severe disability), and it is generally required. Enhanced riders extend cover to cancer or a set of three major diseases, and they typically cost a rate addition rather than a separate premium — on the official July Flat 35 schedule, pair life insurance added +0.18 point and three-major-disease insurance added +0.24 point. Weigh the added protection against the rate cost and your existing life and medical insurance, so you do not pay twice for the same cover."],"ja":["団体信用生命保険（団信）は、被保険者の死亡時（多くは高度障害時も）に残りの住宅ローンを完済し、一般に加入が必要です。上乗せ特約はがんや三大疾病に保障を広げ、通常は別途保険料でなく金利上乗せで負担します。7月の公式フラット35表では、ペア団信が＋0.18%、三大疾病が＋0.24%でした。追加の保障を金利コストと、既存の生命・医療保険と比較し、同じ保障に二重に払わないようにしましょう。"]}},{"id":"pair-and-screening","heading":{"en":"Pair coverage and health screening","ja":"ペア保障と健康審査"},"body":{"en":["For a pair loan, insurance generally clears only the insured person’s loan when they die, not automatically both, unless a joint-life product applies — so pair coverage is important if you want the survivor’s loan cleared too. Any new loan or refinance requires a fresh health screening, and poor health can restrict standard insurance, though wider-acceptance products may exist at a higher cost. Confirm what happens on death or serious illness under your specific structure before relying on the insurance as your family’s safety net.","Key points to carry away: Standard group credit life insurance clears the loan if the insured borrower dies; Riders (cancer, three-major-disease) add protection for a rate addition; Pair coverage matters for pair loans — otherwise insurance clears only one loan; Refinancing requires fresh screening; poor health can restrict standard cover. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["ペアローンでは、団信は原則、連生型でない限り被保険者の死亡時にその人のローンのみを完済し、自動で双方は消しません。生存者のローンも消したいならペア団信が重要です。新規や借換のローンは新たな健康審査を要し、健康状態が悪いと標準団信が制限され得ますが、引受基準の緩い商品が割高で存在することもあります。保険を家族の安全網として頼る前に、自分の構造で死亡や重病の際に何が起きるかを確認しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：標準の団信は被保険者の死亡時にローンを完済する。特約（がん・三大疾病）は金利上乗せで保障を追加する。ペア団信はペアローンで重要。なければ団信は一方のローンのみ完済。借換は新たな審査が必要。健康状態が悪いと標準団信が制限され得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers choosing insurance riders","Pair-loan couples"],"ja":["保険特約を選ぶ借り手","ペアローンの夫婦"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for independent life-insurance planning"],"ja":["独立した生命保険設計の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["On a pair loan, standard insurance clears only the insured person’s loan; confirm pair coverage if you need both cleared."],"ja":["ペアローンでは標準団信は被保険者のローンのみを完済します。双方を消したいならペア団信を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-pair-death","loan-refinancing-health"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","jhf-flat35-rates"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["pair-loans","mortgage-refinancing","flat-35"]},{"slug":"50-year-mortgages","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Long-term mortgages up to 50 years","ja":"最長50年の住宅ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Providers, age limits, property restrictions, surcharges, and total cost of 40–50 year terms.","ja":"取扱機関・年齢制限・物件制限・上乗せ・40〜50年の総コスト。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Several banks now permit terms up to 50 years (au Jibun Bank 1–50, Sumishin SBI up to 50), subject to age and property limits and a term surcharge — the lower monthly payment comes at the cost of much higher total interest and slower equity build.","ja":"いくつかの銀行は最長50年（au Jibun Bank 1〜50、住信SBI最長50）を認めますが、年齢・物件の制限と期間上乗せが付きます。低い毎月の返済は、はるかに高い総利息と遅い資産形成の代償です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["au Jibun Bank states 1–50 years; Sumishin SBI Net Bank publishes up to 50 years for new borrowing.","Terms beyond 35 years often carry a rate surcharge (au Jibun +0.10 point).","Age limits apply — the loan usually must end before a set age such as 80.","The lower monthly payment trades against much higher total interest."],"ja":["au Jibun Bankは1〜50年、住信SBIネット銀行は新規借入で最長50年を公表。","35年超はしばしば金利上乗せ（au Jibun ＋0.10%）を伴う。","年齢制限がある。完済は80歳など所定年齢前が通常。","低い毎月の返済は、はるかに高い総利息との引き換え。"]},"sections":[{"id":"providers-and-limits","heading":{"en":"Providers, surcharges, and limits","ja":"取扱機関・上乗せ・制限"},"body":{"en":["Several banks now permit long terms subject to age, property, and underwriting limits: au Jibun Bank states 1–50 years and Sumishin SBI Net Bank publishes up to 50 years for new borrowing. Terms beyond 35 years often carry a surcharge — au Jibun Bank adds 0.10 point beyond 35 years, and PayPay Bank’s long-term surcharge for terms over 35 years rises for executions from September 1, 2026, with a final repayment before age 80. Age limits mean the loan must be repaid before a set age, which constrains how long an older borrower can stretch the term."],"ja":["いくつかの銀行は、年齢・物件・引受の制限付きで長期を認めます。au Jibun Bankは1〜50年、住信SBIネット銀行は新規借入で最長50年を公表しています。35年超はしばしば上乗せを伴い、au Jibun Bankは35年超で0.10%を加え、PayPay銀行の35年超の長期上乗せは2026年9月1日以降の実行で上がり、完済は80歳前です。年齢制限は完済を所定年齢前とするため、高齢の借り手が期間をどこまで延ばせるかを制約します。"]}},{"id":"total-cost","heading":{"en":"The total-cost trade-off","ja":"総コストのトレードオフ"},"body":{"en":["A 40- or 50-year term lowers the monthly payment, which can make a purchase feel affordable, but the extra decades of interest are a large real cost, and equity builds much more slowly. Use a long term for genuine cash-flow flexibility, not to stretch into a more expensive home than you can afford — a mortgage extending materially beyond your expected working income is a warning sign. If you can comfortably afford a 35-year payment, that usually minimizes total interest; choose 40 or 50 years deliberately and consider prepaying later.","Key points to carry away: au Jibun Bank states 1–50 years; Sumishin SBI Net Bank publishes up to 50 years for new borrowing; Terms beyond 35 years often carry a rate surcharge (au Jibun +0.10 point); Age limits apply — the loan usually must end before a set age such as 80; The lower monthly payment trades against much higher total interest. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["40〜50年の期間は毎月の返済を下げ購入を手頃に感じさせますが、追加の数十年の利息は大きな実質コストで、資産形成ははるかに遅くなります。長い期間は、手が届く以上に高い家へ背伸びするためでなく、真のキャッシュフローの柔軟性のために使いましょう。想定される稼働所得を大きく超えて続くローンは危険信号です。35年の返済を楽に負担できるなら通常それが総利息を最小化します。40年や50年は意図的に選び、後で繰上返済を検討しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：au Jibun Bankは1〜50年、住信SBIネット銀行は新規借入で最長50年を公表。35年超はしばしば金利上乗せ（au Jibun ＋0.10%）を伴う。年齢制限がある。完済は80歳など所定年齢前が通常。低い毎月の返済は、はるかに高い総利息との引き換え。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Younger borrowers needing cash-flow flexibility","Buyers who understand the total-interest cost"],"ja":["キャッシュフローの柔軟性が必要な若い借り手","総利息コストを理解する買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["Older borrowers near the age limit","Buyers stretching into an unaffordable home"],"ja":["年齢制限に近い高齢の借り手","手が届かない家へ背伸びする買い手"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-amortization"],"sources":["jibun-mortgage","sumishin-mortgage","paypay-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-term-comparison","mortgage-amortization","debt-to-income-japan"]},{"slug":"regional-mortgage-lenders","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Regional banks and credit unions for mortgages","ja":"住宅ローンの地方銀行・信用金庫"},"summary":{"en":"Geographic eligibility, payroll, membership, and local-property requirements.","ja":"地理的な適格性・給与振込・会員・地元物件の要件。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Regional banks, shinkin banks, labor (rokin) banks, and JA cooperatives can offer competitive rates to residents, employees, or purchasers in their service areas — but they often impose geographic, payroll, membership, employer, or property-location restrictions.","ja":"地方銀行・信用金庫・労働金庫（労金）・農協は、営業区域内の居住者・従業員・購入者に競争力ある金利を出し得ますが、地理・給与振込・会員・雇用主・物件所在地の制限を課すことが多いです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Regional banks, shinkin, rokin, and JA may price competitively for local borrowers.","Eligibility can depend on residence, employer, payroll, or membership.","The property often must be within the institution’s service area.","Worth including in a shortlist if you or the property fit their area."],"ja":["地方銀行・信金・労金・農協は地元の借り手に競争力ある価格を出し得る。","適格性は居住・雇用主・給与振込・会員に依存し得る。","物件は機関の営業区域内であることが多い。","あなたか物件が区域に合うなら候補リストに入れる価値がある。"]},"sections":[{"id":"who-they-serve","heading":{"en":"Who regional institutions serve","ja":"地域機関が対象とする相手"},"body":{"en":["Regional banks, shinkin banks, labor (rokin) banks, and agricultural cooperatives (JA) operate close to their communities and can offer competitive rates to people connected to their service area — residents, employees of local firms, members, or buyers of local property. Rokin banks, for example, often serve employees of member organizations, and shinkin and JA have membership structures. The trade-off is that eligibility can depend on where you live or work, whether your salary is deposited there, membership, or the property’s location."],"ja":["地方銀行・信用金庫・労働金庫（労金）・農協（JA）は地域に密着して営業し、営業区域につながる人（居住者・地元企業の従業員・会員・地元物件の買い手）に競争力ある金利を出し得ます。例えば労金は加盟団体の従業員を対象とすることが多く、信金やJAには会員制度があります。代償として、適格性は居住地や勤務地、給与の振込先、会員資格、物件の所在地に依存し得ます。"]}},{"id":"when-to-consider","heading":{"en":"When to include them in your shortlist","ja":"候補リストに入れるとき"},"body":{"en":["Include a regional institution in your shortlist when you or the property fit its area — a local buyer with a local employer buying a local home may get a rate and service that a national comparison would miss. Because their rules are geographic and membership-based, they do not appear in a uniform national table, so ask directly about eligibility, the required payroll or membership conditions, and the property-location rule. For a buyer who qualifies, a regional lender can be as competitive as any megabank.","Key points to carry away: Regional banks, shinkin, rokin, and JA may price competitively for local borrowers; Eligibility can depend on residence, employer, payroll, or membership; The property often must be within the institution’s service area; Worth including in a shortlist if you or the property fit their area. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["あなたか物件がその区域に合うなら、地域機関を候補リストに入れましょう。地元の勤務先を持つ地元の買い手が地元の住まいを買う場合、全国比較では見落とす金利やサービスを得られることがあります。ルールが地理・会員制のため、統一的な全国表には現れません。適格性、必要な給与振込や会員の条件、物件所在地のルールを直接尋ねましょう。適格な買い手にとって、地域の貸し手はどのメガバンクにも劣らず競争力があり得ます。","押さえておきたい要点：地方銀行・信金・労金・農協は地元の借り手に競争力ある価格を出し得る。適格性は居住・雇用主・給与振込・会員に依存し得る。物件は機関の営業区域内であることが多い。あなたか物件が区域に合うなら候補リストに入れる価値がある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Local buyers with a local employer","Buyers of property within a lender’s area"],"ja":["地元の勤務先を持つ地元の買い手","貸し手の区域内の物件の買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["Buyers outside any regional lender’s service area"],"ja":["どの地域の貸し手の区域にも入らない買い手"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["loan-how-many-lenders"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","fsa-banks"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-lenders","major-bank-mortgages","compare-mortgage-lenders"]},{"slug":"mufg-housing-loan","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"MUFG housing loan","ja":"三菱UFJ銀行の住宅ローン"},"summary":{"en":"MUFG housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.","ja":"三菱UFJ銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"MUFG shows a variable rate around 0.945–0.995% depending on the discount course, a fixed 10-year around 3.59%, a generally 2.20% percentage fee with no guarantee fee on the reviewed product, and terms up to 40 years without the highlighted surcharge.","ja":"三菱UFJ銀行は、割引コースにより変動約0.945〜0.995%、10年固定約3.59%、確認商品では保証料なしの一般に2.20%の定率手数料、強調される上乗せなしで最長40年を示します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.","Realistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.","Confirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.","Compare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。","現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。","適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。","表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rate-snapshot","heading":{"en":"Rate snapshot","ja":"金利スナップショット"},"body":{"en":["Variable 0.945% (main page) / 0.995% (specified discount course); fixed 10-year 3.59%.","Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["変動0.945%（主ページ）／0.995%（所定の割引コース）、10年固定3.59%。","広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]}},{"id":"pricing-eligibility","heading":{"en":"Realistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility","ja":"現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性"},"body":{"en":["Percentage-fee structure generally 2.20%; guarantee fee stated as unnecessary for the reviewed product; up to 40 years without the highlighted term surcharge. Reconcile the headline page and detailed-course display before applying."],"ja":["一般に2.20%の定率手数料。確認商品では保証料は不要と記載。強調される期間上乗せなしで最長40年。申込前に主ページと詳細コースの表示を突き合わせる。"]}},{"id":"best-fit","heading":{"en":"Strengths, weaknesses, and best fit","ja":"強み・弱み・最適な相手"},"body":{"en":["Best for conventional salaried borrowers wanting a major branch network plus online service. The headline-page and detailed-course rates must be reconciled."],"ja":["主要な店舗網とオンラインを望む一般的な給与所得者に最適。主ページと詳細コースの金利を突き合わせる必要がある。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-this-profile","heading":{"en":"How to use this profile","ja":"このプロフィールの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Use MUFG housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.","Because pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property."],"ja":["三菱UFJ銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。","価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers shortlisting this lender","Applicants comparing dated quotations"],"ja":["この金融機関を候補にする借り手","日付入りの見積りを比較する申込者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone treating an advertised rate as a guaranteed offer"],"ja":["広告金利を確定した提示と見なす人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["loan-compare-fairly","loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"sources":["mufg-mortgage","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mizuho-housing-loan","resona-housing-loan","major-bank-mortgages"]},{"slug":"mizuho-housing-loan","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mizuho housing loan","ja":"みずほ銀行の住宅ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Mizuho housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.","ja":"みずほ銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Mizuho shows new variable borrowing from about 1.025% with a published warning that 1.275% or more would apply from January 2027 after the August 3 prime-rate change — valuable disclosure of an already-announced future reset.","ja":"みずほ銀行は新規変動約1.025%からとしつつ、8月3日のプライムレート変更後に2027年1月以降1.275%以上が適用される旨を公表しています。すでに告知された将来の見直しの貴重な開示です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.","Realistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.","Confirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.","Compare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。","現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。","適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。","表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rate-snapshot","heading":{"en":"Rate snapshot","ja":"金利スナップショット"},"body":{"en":["New variable borrowing from about 1.025%; published warning of 1.275%+ from January 2027, subject to further changes.","Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["新規変動約1.025%から。2027年1月以降1.275%以上の警告を公表（さらなる変更あり）。","広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]}},{"id":"pricing-eligibility","heading":{"en":"Realistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility","ja":"現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性"},"body":{"en":["Semiannual review; full fee and eligibility depend on the product route. The announced January 2027 reset is the key planning figure."],"ja":["半年ごとの見直し。手数料と適格性は商品ルートによる。告知された2027年1月の見直しが計画の要点。"]}},{"id":"best-fit","heading":{"en":"Strengths, weaknesses, and best fit","ja":"強み・弱み・最適な相手"},"body":{"en":["Best for borrowers who model the January 2027 payment, not only the initial rate. The disclosure of an announced reset is unusually helpful."],"ja":["当初金利だけでなく2027年1月の返済額を試算する借り手に最適。告知された見直しの開示は特に有用。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-this-profile","heading":{"en":"How to use this profile","ja":"このプロフィールの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Use Mizuho housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.","Because pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property."],"ja":["みずほ銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。","価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers shortlisting this lender","Applicants comparing dated quotations"],"ja":["この金融機関を候補にする借り手","日付入りの見積りを比較する申込者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone treating an advertised rate as a guaranteed offer"],"ja":["広告金利を確定した提示と見なす人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["loan-compare-fairly","loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"sources":["mizuho-mortgage","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mufg-housing-loan","resona-housing-loan","fixed-vs-variable-mortgage"]},{"slug":"resona-housing-loan","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Resona housing loan","ja":"りそな銀行の住宅ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Resona housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.","ja":"りそな銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Resona is strongly specialized in retail mortgages with a renovation and reverse-mortgage lineup; its rate page was dated July 8, 2026, and prime-rate changes were announced for October 2026 with effects on certain repayments from January 2027 — a final quote is required.","ja":"りそな銀行は個人向け住宅ローンに強く、リフォームやリバースモーゲージのラインナップを持ちます。金利ページは2026年7月8日付で、プライムレート変更が2026年10月に告知され、一部返済に2027年1月以降の影響があります。最終見積りが必要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.","Realistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.","Confirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.","Compare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。","現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。","適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。","表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rate-snapshot","heading":{"en":"Rate snapshot","ja":"金利スナップショット"},"body":{"en":["Rate page dated July 8, 2026; the exact promotional cell was not consistently extractable — obtain a current quote.","Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["金利ページは2026年7月8日付。販促金利は安定して抽出できず、現行の見積りを取得すること。","広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]}},{"id":"pricing-eligibility","heading":{"en":"Realistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility","ja":"現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性"},"body":{"en":["Prime-rate changes announced for October 2026, with effects on certain repayments from January 2027 and contractual five-year/125% rules."],"ja":["プライムレート変更が2026年10月に告知、一部返済に2027年1月以降の影響、契約上の5年・125%ルール。"]}},{"id":"best-fit","heading":{"en":"Strengths, weaknesses, and best fit","ja":"強み・弱み・最適な相手"},"body":{"en":["Strong retail mortgage specialization with a renovation and reverse-mortgage lineup. A final quote is required because the promotional rate was not stable in the retrieved page."],"ja":["個人向け住宅ローンに強く、リフォーム・リバースモーゲージのラインナップ。取得ページで販促金利が安定しないため最終見積りが必要。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-this-profile","heading":{"en":"How to use this profile","ja":"このプロフィールの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Use Resona housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.","Because pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property."],"ja":["りそな銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。","価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers shortlisting this lender","Applicants comparing dated quotations"],"ja":["この金融機関を候補にする借り手","日付入りの見積りを比較する申込者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone treating an advertised rate as a guaranteed offer"],"ja":["広告金利を確定した提示と見なす人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["loan-compare-fairly","loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"sources":["resona-mortgage","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mufg-housing-loan","mizuho-housing-loan","renovation-loans"]},{"slug":"jibun-bank-housing-loan","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","ja":"au じぶん銀行の住宅ローン"},"summary":{"en":"au Jibun Bank housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.","ja":"au じぶん銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"au Jibun Bank shows 0.984% variable for new borrowing at 80% LTV or lower after maximum discount, adding 0.045 point above 80% LTV, with ¥5 million–¥200 million, 1–50 years, a 2.20% fee, and a 0.10 point surcharge beyond 35 years — transparent LTV and fee disclosure with a strong digital process.","ja":"au じぶん銀行は、最大割引後にLTV80%以下で新規変動0.984%、80%超で0.045%加算、500万〜2億円、1〜50年、2.20%手数料、35年超で0.10%上乗せを示します。透明なLTV・手数料開示と強力なデジタル手続きが特徴です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.","Realistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.","Confirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.","Compare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。","現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。","適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。","表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rate-snapshot","heading":{"en":"Rate snapshot","ja":"金利スナップショット"},"body":{"en":["0.984% variable for new borrowing at ≤80% LTV after maximum mortgage-rate discount; +0.045 point above 80% LTV.","Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["最大割引後、LTV80%以下で新規変動0.984%、80%超で＋0.045%。","広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]}},{"id":"pricing-eligibility","heading":{"en":"Realistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility","ja":"現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性"},"body":{"en":["¥5 million–¥200 million; 1–50 years; 2.20% fee; 0.10 point surcharge beyond 35 years; rate may be replaced by guarantee-backed pricing."],"ja":["500万〜2億円、1〜50年、2.20%手数料、35年超で0.10%上乗せ、金利は保証付き価格に置き換わり得る。"]}},{"id":"best-fit","heading":{"en":"Strengths, weaknesses, and best fit","ja":"強み・弱み・最適な相手"},"body":{"en":["Transparent LTV and fee disclosure, strong digital process, and insurance options. Discounts tied to services may not suit everyone."],"ja":["透明なLTV・手数料開示、強力なデジタル手続き、保険の選択肢。サービス連動の割引は万人向けではない。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-this-profile","heading":{"en":"How to use this profile","ja":"このプロフィールの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Use au Jibun Bank housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.","Because pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property."],"ja":["au じぶん銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。","価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers shortlisting this lender","Applicants comparing dated quotations"],"ja":["この金融機関を候補にする借り手","日付入りの見積りを比較する申込者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone treating an advertised rate as a guaranteed offer"],"ja":["広告金利を確定した提示と見なす人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["loan-compare-fairly","loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"sources":["jibun-mortgage","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["sumishin-sbi-web-course","paypay-bank-mortgage","online-mortgage-lenders"]},{"slug":"sumishin-sbi-web-course","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank WEB course","ja":"住信SBIネット銀行 WEB申込コース"},"summary":{"en":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank WEB course: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.","ja":"住信SBIネット銀行 WEB申込コース：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank offers ¥5 million–¥300 million, up to 50 years, and broad insurance appeal via a digital application; its July materials referenced a 3.525% base with discounted structures, and permanent residence was required for ordinary foreign-national eligibility on the reviewed page.","ja":"住信SBIネット銀行は、500万〜3億円、最長50年、デジタル申込による幅広い保険が魅力です。7月の資料は基準3.525%と割引構造に触れ、確認ページでは外国人の一般的な適格性に永住が必要でした。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.","Realistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.","Confirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.","Compare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。","現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。","適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。","表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rate-snapshot","heading":{"en":"Rate snapshot","ja":"金利スナップショット"},"body":{"en":["July materials referenced a 3.525% base and discounted structures; check the current page at application.","Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["7月の資料は基準3.525%と割引構造に言及。申込時に現行ページを確認。","広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]}},{"id":"pricing-eligibility","heading":{"en":"Realistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility","ja":"現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性"},"body":{"en":["¥5 million–¥300 million; up to 50 years; permanent residence required for ordinary foreign-national eligibility on the reviewed page."],"ja":["500万〜3億円、最長50年、確認ページでは外国人の一般的適格性に永住が必要。"]}},{"id":"best-fit","heading":{"en":"Strengths, weaknesses, and best fit","ja":"強み・弱み・最適な相手"},"body":{"en":["High maximum, digital application, and broad insurance appeal. Rate pages are dynamic and must be saved on application and execution dates."],"ja":["高い上限、デジタル申込、幅広い保険。金利ページは変動的で、申込日と実行日に保存すること。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-this-profile","heading":{"en":"How to use this profile","ja":"このプロフィールの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Use Sumishin SBI Net Bank WEB course as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.","Because pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property."],"ja":["住信SBIネット銀行 WEB申込コースは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。","価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers shortlisting this lender","Applicants comparing dated quotations"],"ja":["この金融機関を候補にする借り手","日付入りの見積りを比較する申込者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone treating an advertised rate as a guaranteed offer"],"ja":["広告金利を確定した提示と見なす人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["loan-compare-fairly","loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"sources":["sumishin-mortgage","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["jibun-bank-housing-loan","paypay-bank-mortgage","online-mortgage-lenders"]},{"slug":"paypay-bank-mortgage","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"PayPay Bank mortgage","ja":"PayPay銀行の住宅ローン"},"summary":{"en":"PayPay Bank mortgage: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.","ja":"PayPay銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"PayPay Bank offers a digital, long-term product with insurance features, but its dynamic page did not expose a reliable base rate; terms over 35 years carry a 0.10 point surcharge through August 31, 2026 and 0.30 point for executions from September 1, 2026, up to 50 years with final repayment before age 80.","ja":"PayPay銀行はデジタルで長期・保険機能のある商品ですが、動的ページで安定した基準金利は取得できませんでした。35年超は2026年8月31日まで0.10%、9月1日以降の実行で0.30%の上乗せ、最長50年・完済は80歳前です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.","Realistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.","Confirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.","Compare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。","現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。","適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。","表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rate-snapshot","heading":{"en":"Rate snapshot","ja":"金利スナップショット"},"body":{"en":["The dynamic page did not expose a reliable numeric base rate — obtain a dated written quotation.","Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["動的ページで安定した基準金利は取得できず。日付入りの書面見積りを取得すること。","広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]}},{"id":"pricing-eligibility","heading":{"en":"Realistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility","ja":"現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性"},"body":{"en":["Service discounts and a possible 0.30 point underwriting addition; terms over 35 years carry 0.10 point through Aug 31, 2026 and 0.30 point from Sep 1, 2026. Up to 50 years; final repayment before age 80."],"ja":["サービス割引と0.30%の引受上乗せの可能性。35年超は2026年8月31日まで0.10%、9月1日以降0.30%。最長50年、完済は80歳前。"]}},{"id":"best-fit","heading":{"en":"Strengths, weaknesses, and best fit","ja":"強み・弱み・最適な相手"},"body":{"en":["Digital, long-term, and insurance features, but the future long-term surcharge is significant. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["デジタル・長期・保険機能。ただし将来の長期上乗せは大きい。日付入りの書面見積りを取得すること。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-this-profile","heading":{"en":"How to use this profile","ja":"このプロフィールの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Use PayPay Bank mortgage as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.","Because pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property."],"ja":["PayPay銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。","価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers shortlisting this lender","Applicants comparing dated quotations"],"ja":["この金融機関を候補にする借り手","日付入りの見積りを比較する申込者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone treating an advertised rate as a guaranteed offer"],"ja":["広告金利を確定した提示と見なす人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["loan-compare-fairly","loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"sources":["paypay-mortgage","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["jibun-bank-housing-loan","sumishin-sbi-web-course","50-year-mortgages"]},{"slug":"sbi-shinsei-housing-loan","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"SBI Shinsei housing loan","ja":"SBI新生銀行の住宅ローン"},"summary":{"en":"SBI Shinsei housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.","ja":"SBI新生銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"SBI Shinsei has historically differentiated on flexible fee structures and uses level principal-and-interest repayment, but the retrieved current page did not expose a reliable August numeric offer; do not rely on search snippets showing old rates — obtain the current official schedule.","ja":"SBI新生銀行は柔軟な手数料構造で差別化してきた歴史があり、元利均等返済を用いますが、取得した現行ページで安定した8月の数値は得られませんでした。古い金利の検索スニペットに頼らず、現行の公式表を取得してください。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.","Realistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.","Confirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.","Compare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。","現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。","適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。","表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rate-snapshot","heading":{"en":"Rate snapshot","ja":"金利スナップショット"},"body":{"en":["The retrieved current page did not expose a reliable August numeric offer; historical pages should not be used as a current quote.","Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["取得した現行ページで安定した8月の数値は得られず。過去ページを現行見積りに使わないこと。","広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]}},{"id":"pricing-eligibility","heading":{"en":"Realistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility","ja":"現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性"},"body":{"en":["Level principal-and-interest repayment; the execution/condition date determines the rate. Flexible fee structures have historically differentiated the product."],"ja":["元利均等返済。実行/条件日が金利を決める。柔軟な手数料構造で従来差別化。"]}},{"id":"best-fit","heading":{"en":"Strengths, weaknesses, and best fit","ja":"強み・弱み・最適な相手"},"body":{"en":["Historically flexible fees. Obtain the current official schedule and do not rely on search snippets showing old rates."],"ja":["従来は柔軟な手数料。現行の公式表を取得し、古い金利の検索スニペットに頼らないこと。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-this-profile","heading":{"en":"How to use this profile","ja":"このプロフィールの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Use SBI Shinsei housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.","Because pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property."],"ja":["SBI新生銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。","価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers shortlisting this lender","Applicants comparing dated quotations"],"ja":["この金融機関を候補にする借り手","日付入りの見積りを比較する申込者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone treating an advertised rate as a guaranteed offer"],"ja":["広告金利を確定した提示と見なす人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["loan-compare-fairly","loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"sources":["shinsei-mortgage","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mufg-housing-loan","repayment-method-comparison","online-mortgage-lenders"]},{"slug":"sbi-aruhi-flat-35","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"SBI ARUHI Flat 35","ja":"SBI ARUHI フラット35"},"summary":{"en":"SBI ARUHI Flat 35: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.","ja":"SBI ARUHI フラット35：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"ARUHI is an experienced Flat 35 originator: standard August Flat 35 was 3.29% for 21–35 years before qualifying point reductions, with a displayed example of 2.29% for the first five years using four discount points and specified insurance, and Super Flat variants that may reward a large down payment.","ja":"ARUHIは経験豊富なフラット35取扱機関です。8月の標準フラット35は資格ポイント引下げ前で21〜35年3.29%、4つの割引ポイントと所定の保険で当初5年2.29%の例示、大きな頭金に報い得るスーパーフラットもあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.","Realistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.","Confirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.","Compare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。","現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。","適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。","表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rate-snapshot","heading":{"en":"Rate snapshot","ja":"金利スナップショット"},"body":{"en":["Standard August Flat 35: 3.29% for 21–35 years before point reductions; example 2.29% for the first five years with four discount points and specified insurance.","Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["8月の標準フラット35：ポイント引下げ前で21〜35年3.29%、4つの割引ポイントと所定の保険で当初5年2.29%の例。","広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]}},{"id":"pricing-eligibility","heading":{"en":"Realistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility","ja":"現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性"},"body":{"en":["Fully fixed; property technical standards apply; pricing varies by LTV, term, insurance, and discount points. Super Flat may reward large down payments."],"ja":["全期間固定、物件の技術基準あり、価格はLTV・期間・保険・割引ポイントで変動。スーパーフラットは大きな頭金に報い得る。"]}},{"id":"best-fit","heading":{"en":"Strengths, weaknesses, and best fit","ja":"強み・弱み・最適な相手"},"body":{"en":["Payment certainty and experienced Flat 35 processing. Higher base rate than variable loans; fees and property inspection requirements matter."],"ja":["返済の確実性と経験豊富なフラット35処理。変動より高い基準金利、手数料と物件検査要件が重要。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-this-profile","heading":{"en":"How to use this profile","ja":"このプロフィールの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Use SBI ARUHI Flat 35 as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.","Because pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property."],"ja":["SBI ARUHI フラット35は、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。","価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers shortlisting this lender","Applicants comparing dated quotations"],"ja":["この金融機関を候補にする借り手","日付入りの見積りを比較する申込者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone treating an advertised rate as a guaranteed offer"],"ja":["広告金利を確定した提示と見なす人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["loan-compare-fairly","loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"sources":["aruhi-flat35","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["flat-35","flat-35-lenders","japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35"]},{"slug":"japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Japan Housing Finance Agency / Flat 35","ja":"住宅金融支援機構 / フラット35"},"summary":{"en":"Japan Housing Finance Agency / Flat 35: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.","ja":"住宅金融支援機構 / フラット35：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The Japan Housing Finance Agency underpins Flat 35 through purchase or guarantee structures with participating lenders; the July official most-frequent rate was 3.14% at 90% LTV or lower for 21–35 years, rising to about 3.29% at providers in August, and it is the benchmark for full-term certainty.","ja":"住宅金融支援機構は、参加金融機関との買取・保証の仕組みでフラット35を支えます。7月の公式最頻金利はLTV90%以下・21〜35年で3.14%、8月に各社で約3.29%へ上昇し、全期間の確実性のベンチマークです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.","Realistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.","Confirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.","Compare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。","現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。","適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。","表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rate-snapshot","heading":{"en":"Rate snapshot","ja":"金利スナップショット"},"body":{"en":["July official most-frequent rate 3.14% at ≤90% LTV for 21–35 years; August provider rates rose to about 3.29%; July range 3.14%–5.40%.","Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["7月の公式最頻金利はLTV90%以下・21〜35年で3.14%、8月の各社金利は約3.29%へ、7月レンジ3.14〜5.40%。","広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]}},{"id":"pricing-eligibility","heading":{"en":"Realistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility","ja":"現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性"},"body":{"en":["Full-term fixed; pair life insurance +0.18 point and three-major-disease +0.24 point on the official July schedule. Provided through participating institutions."],"ja":["全期間固定、7月公式表でペア団信＋0.18%・三大疾病＋0.24%。参加機関を通じて提供。"]}},{"id":"best-fit","heading":{"en":"Strengths, weaknesses, and best fit","ja":"強み・弱み・最適な相手"},"body":{"en":["The benchmark for full-term certainty. Compare provider fees even where base rates match. The August official page still displayed July on August 1."],"ja":["全期間の確実性のベンチマーク。基準金利が同じでも提供者の手数料を比較。8月1日時点で公式ページはなお7月を表示。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-this-profile","heading":{"en":"How to use this profile","ja":"このプロフィールの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Use Japan Housing Finance Agency / Flat 35 as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.","Because pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property."],"ja":["住宅金融支援機構 / フラット35は、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。","価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers shortlisting this lender","Applicants comparing dated quotations"],"ja":["この金融機関を候補にする借り手","日付入りの見積りを比較する申込者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone treating an advertised rate as a guaranteed offer"],"ja":["広告金利を確定した提示と見なす人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["loan-compare-fairly","loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"sources":["jhf-flat35-rates","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["flat-35","sbi-aruhi-flat-35","flat-35-lenders"]},{"slug":"prestia-housing-loan","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"PRESTIA housing loan","ja":"プレスティアの住宅ローン"},"summary":{"en":"PRESTIA housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.","ja":"プレスティアの住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"PRESTIA (SMBC Trust Bank) is a leading foreign-resident and English-service option: it advertises comprehensive English support, loans up to ¥500 million, no credit-guarantee or surety fee, and both purchase and refinance uses, with an individual rate quote rather than a single headline.","ja":"プレスティア（SMBC信託銀行）は外国人居住者・英語サービスの有力な選択肢です。充実した英語対応、最大5億円、信用保証や保証料なし、購入と借換の両方を掲げ、単一の表面金利でなく個別の金利提示です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.","Realistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.","Confirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.","Compare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。","現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。","適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。","表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rate-snapshot","heading":{"en":"Rate snapshot","ja":"金利スナップショット"},"body":{"en":["Individual rate quote and preferential conditions rather than a single extracted headline rate.","Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["単一の表面金利でなく、個別の金利提示と優遇条件。","広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]}},{"id":"pricing-eligibility","heading":{"en":"Realistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility","ja":"現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性"},"body":{"en":["Up to ¥500 million; purchase and refinance; no credit-guarantee or surety fee; English-speaking support."],"ja":["最大5億円、購入と借換、信用保証や保証料なし、英語対応。"]}},{"id":"best-fit","heading":{"en":"Strengths, weaknesses, and best fit","ja":"強み・弱み・最適な相手"},"body":{"en":["A leading foreign-resident and English-service option for higher-income or internationally oriented clients. Potentially selective and relationship-priced."],"ja":["高所得・国際志向の顧客に有力な外国人居住者・英語サービスの選択肢。選択的・関係価格の可能性あり。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-this-profile","heading":{"en":"How to use this profile","ja":"このプロフィールの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Use PRESTIA housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.","Because pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property."],"ja":["プレスティアの住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。","価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers shortlisting this lender","Applicants comparing dated quotations"],"ja":["この金融機関を候補にする借り手","日付入りの見積りを比較する申込者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone treating an advertised rate as a guaranteed offer"],"ja":["広告金利を確定した提示と見なす人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["loan-compare-fairly","loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"sources":["prestia-mortgage","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage","suruga-bank-foreign-national-home-loan"]},{"slug":"tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Tokyo Star Bank Star Mortgage","ja":"東京スター銀行 スター住宅ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Tokyo Star Bank Star Mortgage: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.","ja":"東京スター銀行 スター住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Tokyo Star Bank expressly markets a Star Mortgage to foreign nationals without permanent residence — an important non-PR route, with a possible salary-deposit discount, though its current rate requires direct quotation and specialist pricing may be less favorable than ordinary PR products.","ja":"東京スター銀行は、永住のない外国人向けにスター住宅ローンを明示的に販売しており、給与振込割引の可能性がある重要な非永住ルートです。現行金利は直接の見積りが必要で、専門価格は通常の永住者向けより不利なことがあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.","Realistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.","Confirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.","Compare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。","現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。","適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。","表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rate-snapshot","heading":{"en":"Rate snapshot","ja":"金利スナップショット"},"body":{"en":["Current rate requires direct quotation.","Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["現行金利は直接の見積りが必要。","広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]}},{"id":"pricing-eligibility","heading":{"en":"Realistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility","ja":"現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性"},"body":{"en":["Specifically marketed to foreign nationals without permanent residence; a salary-deposit discount may apply."],"ja":["永住のない外国人向けに特化して販売、給与振込割引が適用され得る。"]}},{"id":"best-fit","heading":{"en":"Strengths, weaknesses, and best fit","ja":"強み・弱み・最適な相手"},"body":{"en":["An important non-PR route. Specialist pricing and conditions may be less favorable than ordinary PR products."],"ja":["重要な非永住ルート。専門価格と条件は通常の永住者向けより不利なことがある。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-this-profile","heading":{"en":"How to use this profile","ja":"このプロフィールの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Use Tokyo Star Bank Star Mortgage as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.","Because pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property."],"ja":["東京スター銀行 スター住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。","価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers shortlisting this lender","Applicants comparing dated quotations"],"ja":["この金融機関を候補にする借り手","日付入りの見積りを比較する申込者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone treating an advertised rate as a guaranteed offer"],"ja":["広告金利を確定した提示と見なす人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["loan-compare-fairly","loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"sources":["tokyostar-mortgage","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","prestia-housing-loan","pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage"]},{"slug":"suruga-bank-foreign-national-home-loan","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Suruga Bank foreign-national home loan","ja":"スルガ銀行 外国人向け住宅ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Suruga Bank foreign-national home loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.","ja":"スルガ銀行 外国人向け住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Suruga Bank offers broad specialist consideration and multilingual experience for foreign nationals resident in Japan: its published outline allowed ¥300,000–¥600 million, age under 70 at borrowing and under 85 at final repayment, and excluded nonresidents — thoroughly compare rate, LTV, fees, and its historical servicing reputation.","ja":"スルガ銀行は日本居住の外国人に広い専門的検討と多言語対応を提供します。公表の概要は30万〜6億円、借入時70歳未満・最終返済時85歳未満、非居住者は除外でした。金利・LTV・手数料と過去の対応の評判を十分に比較してください。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.","Realistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.","Confirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.","Compare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。","現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。","適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。","表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rate-snapshot","heading":{"en":"Rate snapshot","ja":"金利スナップショット"},"body":{"en":["Current rate not confirmed in an August 2026 HTML source — obtain a direct quotation.","Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["2026年8月のHTMLソースで現行金利は未確認。直接の見積りを取得すること。","広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]}},{"id":"pricing-eligibility","heading":{"en":"Realistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility","ja":"現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性"},"body":{"en":["Published outline allowed ¥300,000–¥600 million, age under 70 at borrowing and under 85 at final repayment; the applicant must be resident in Japan (nonresidents excluded)."],"ja":["公表の概要は30万〜6億円、借入時70歳未満・最終返済時85歳未満、申込者は日本居住（非居住者は除外）。"]}},{"id":"best-fit","heading":{"en":"Strengths, weaknesses, and best fit","ja":"強み・弱み・最適な相手"},"body":{"en":["Broad specialist consideration and multilingual experience. Thoroughly compare rate, LTV, fees, and its historical servicing reputation."],"ja":["広い専門的検討と多言語対応。金利・LTV・手数料と過去の対応の評判を十分に比較すること。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-this-profile","heading":{"en":"How to use this profile","ja":"このプロフィールの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Use Suruga Bank foreign-national home loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.","Because pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property."],"ja":["スルガ銀行 外国人向け住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。","価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers shortlisting this lender","Applicants comparing dated quotations"],"ja":["この金融機関を候補にする借り手","日付入りの見積りを比較する申込者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone treating an advertised rate as a guaranteed offer"],"ja":["広告金利を確定した提示と見なす人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。"]},"faqs":["loan-compare-fairly","loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"sources":["suruga-mortgage","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","prestia-housing-loan","tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage"]},{"slug":"property-budget","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How much property can you afford?","ja":"いくらの物件が買えるか"},"summary":{"en":"Setting a purchase ceiling, a monthly ceiling, a cash reserve, and stress testing.","ja":"購入上限・毎月の上限・現金の備え・ストレステストの決め方。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Set three ceilings before viewing: a maximum purchase price, a maximum monthly housing outflow (mortgage plus taxes, fees, insurance, and repairs), and a minimum cash reserve you keep after closing — then stress-test the monthly figure at higher rates.","ja":"内見の前に3つの上限を決めます：購入価格の上限、毎月の住居費の上限（ローン＋税・管理費・保険・修繕）、決済後に残す最低現金。そのうえで毎月の額を高い金利でストレステストします。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Set a purchase-price ceiling, a monthly-outflow ceiling, and a post-closing cash floor.","Monthly outflow is more than the mortgage: add tax, management, reserve, insurance, parking, and repairs.","Stress-test the payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points.","Do not borrow the lender’s maximum — it leaves no margin."],"ja":["購入価格の上限・毎月の支出上限・決済後の現金の下限を決める。","毎月の支出はローンだけでない。税・管理費・積立金・保険・駐車場・修繕を加える。","返済額を提示金利＋1・2・3%でストレステストする。","銀行の上限まで借りない。余裕が残らない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"three-ceilings","heading":{"en":"The three ceilings","ja":"3つの上限"},"body":{"en":["Before you view anything, set three ceilings. The maximum purchase price caps what you shop for. The maximum monthly housing outflow is the real affordability test, and it is more than the mortgage — it includes fixed-asset and city-planning tax, condominium management and repair-reserve fees, insurance, parking, utilities, and owner-funded repairs (a house shifts roof, exterior, and structural costs onto you directly). The minimum cash reserve is what you will still hold after closing, so you are not left with no buffer for fees, repairs, or emergencies."],"ja":["内見の前に3つの上限を決めます。購入価格の上限は探す対象を制限します。毎月の住居費の上限が本当の返済能力の試験で、ローンだけではありません。固定資産税・都市計画税、マンションの管理費・修繕積立金、保険、駐車場、光熱費、自己負担の修繕（一戸建ては屋根・外装・構造の費用が直接乗る）を含みます。最低現金の備えは決済後も残す額で、諸費用・修繕・緊急時の緩衝がなくならないようにします。"]}},{"id":"stress-test","heading":{"en":"Stress-test the payment","ja":"返済額をストレステストする"},"body":{"en":["Run the monthly payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points, because a variable loan you can afford only at the initial rate is a loan you cannot safely afford. Flag the plan if stressed housing costs exceed a prudent share of net income (a common guide is around 35%), if total debt service exceeds the lender’s rules, or if the mortgage extends materially beyond your expected working income. The lender’s maximum is an underwriting ceiling, not a household recommendation — decide on your own stressed budget.","Key points to carry away: Set a purchase-price ceiling, a monthly-outflow ceiling, and a post-closing cash floor; Monthly outflow is more than the mortgage: add tax, management, reserve, insurance, parking, and repairs; Stress-test the payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points; Do not borrow the lender’s maximum — it leaves no margin. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["毎月の返済額を提示金利＋1・2・3%で試算します。当初金利でしか返済できない変動ローンは、安全には負担できないローンだからです。ストレス下の住居費が手取りの堅実な割合（目安は約35%）を超える、総返済負担が銀行の基準を超える、ローンが想定される稼働所得を大きく超えて続く場合は、計画に注意信号を立てます。銀行の上限は引受の天井であり家計への推奨ではありません。自分のストレス予算で判断しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：購入価格の上限・毎月の支出上限・決済後の現金の下限を決める。毎月の支出はローンだけでない。税・管理費・積立金・保険・駐車場・修繕を加える。返済額を提示金利＋1・2・3%でストレステストする。銀行の上限まで借りない。余裕が残らない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers setting a realistic budget","Households stress-testing affordability"],"ja":["現実的な予算を決める買い手","返済能力を試算する家計"]},"notFor":{"en":["A guaranteed approval amount"],"ja":["確定した承認額"]},"warnings":{"en":["A variable loan affordable only at the initial rate is not affordable; stress-test before you shop."],"ja":["当初金利でしか返済できない変動ローンは負担可能ではありません。探す前にストレステストを。"]},"faqs":["loan-borrow-maximum","loan-what-dti"],"sources":["jhf-repayment-ratio","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["debt-to-income-japan","cash-needed-to-buy-property","mortgage-affordability-calculator"]},{"slug":"property-preapproval","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mortgage preapproval before property hunting","ja":"物件探しの前の事前審査"},"summary":{"en":"Timing, documents, validity, offers, and financing clauses around preapproval.","ja":"事前審査の時期・書類・有効期限・買付・融資特約。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Get preapproval (事前審査) before you make an offer: it tells you your realistic budget, lets you act quickly, and underpins the financing-condition clause — but it is time-limited and not a promise to lend.","ja":"買付の前に事前審査を受けましょう。現実的な予算が分かり、素早く動け、住宅ローン特約の土台になります。ただし有効期限があり、融資の約束ではありません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Preapproval screens stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property.","It gives you a realistic budget and credibility when making an offer.","Preapproval is time-limited and lender-specific — it is not a promise to lend.","Make an offer with a financing-condition clause; it is safer to have preapproval first."],"ja":["事前審査は申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件を確認する。","現実的な予算と、買付時の信頼性を与える。","事前審査は有効期限があり銀行ごと。融資の約束ではない。","住宅ローン特約を付けて買付する。事前審査を先に取るほうが安全。"]},"sections":[{"id":"why-first","heading":{"en":"Why get preapproval first","ja":"事前審査を先に取る理由"},"body":{"en":["Preapproval (事前審査/仮審査) screens your stated income, debts, identity, employment, and the property, and gives you a realistic budget before you fall in love with a home you cannot finance. It also makes your offer more credible to a seller. Gather the documents early — withholding slips, tax certificates, and employment evidence — so you can obtain preapproval quickly when you find a candidate property. It is safer to have preapproval in hand before making an offer."],"ja":["事前審査（仮審査）は、申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件を確認し、融資できない住まいに惚れ込む前に現実的な予算を与えます。売主に対して買付の信頼性も高めます。源泉徴収票・課税証明・在職証明などの書類を早めに揃え、候補物件が見つかったら素早く事前審査を受けられるようにしましょう。買付の前に事前審査を手にしておくほうが安全です。"]}},{"id":"validity-and-clause","heading":{"en":"Validity and the financing clause","ja":"有効期限と融資特約"},"body":{"en":["Preapproval is time-limited and lender-specific, and it is not a promise to lend — final approval (本審査) can still fail if documents differ, the appraisal is weak, or the property is ineligible. When you make an offer and sign, the financing-condition clause (住宅ローン特約) should name the lender, amount, and application and approval deadlines, and state whether the deposit is refundable if financing fails under the clause. Preapproval and a well-drafted financing clause together are the mortgage buyer’s core protection against losing a deposit on a deal that cannot be financed.","Key points to carry away: Preapproval screens stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property; It gives you a realistic budget and credibility when making an offer; Preapproval is time-limited and lender-specific — it is not a promise to lend; Make an offer with a financing-condition clause; it is safer to have preapproval first. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["事前審査は有効期限があり銀行ごとで、融資の約束ではありません。書類の相違・担保評価の弱さ・物件の不適格で本審査はなお失敗し得ます。買付・契約時、住宅ローン特約は金融機関・金額・申込と承認の期限を明記し、特約に基づき融資が不成立の場合に手付金が返還されるかを定めます。事前審査とよく練られた融資特約は、融資できない取引で手付金を失わないための、住宅ローン利用者の中核の保護です。","押さえておきたい要点：事前審査は申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件を確認する。現実的な予算と、買付時の信頼性を与える。事前審査は有効期限があり銀行ごと。融資の約束ではない。住宅ローン特約を付けて買付する。事前審査を先に取るほうが安全。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers about to start viewing","Anyone making an offer soon"],"ja":["内見を始める買い手","まもなく買付する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A guaranteed final approval"],"ja":["確定した本承認"]},"warnings":{"en":["Preapproval is not final approval; do not waive the financing-condition clause because you were preapproved."],"ja":["事前審査は本審査ではありません。事前審査済みを理由に住宅ローン特約を外さないこと。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-preapproval","loan-offer-before-preapproval","loan-preapproval-valid"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","mufg-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["preapproval-final-approval","mortgage-financing-clause","making-property-offer"]},{"slug":"choosing-property-area","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How to choose an area in Japan","ja":"日本でエリアを選ぶ"},"summary":{"en":"Commute, services, demographics, zoning, hazards, and resale in area selection.","ja":"通勤・生活サービス・人口動態・用途地域・災害・売却でエリアを選ぶ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Evaluate commute, schools, medical care, noise, redevelopment, zoning, slope, and flood/landslide/tsunami/liquefaction exposure — and rental demand and resale depth — using MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library alongside site visits.","ja":"通勤・学校・医療・騒音・再開発・用途地域・傾斜・浸水/土砂/津波/液状化のリスク、そして賃貸需要と売却の厚みを、国交省の不動産情報ライブラリと現地訪問で評価します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Weigh commute, schools, medical care, noise, and redevelopment plans.","Check zoning, slope, and flood/landslide/tsunami/liquefaction exposure on official maps.","Consider local population, rental demand, and resale depth, not just today’s convenience.","MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library combines prices, land values, planning, and hazard data."],"ja":["通勤・学校・医療・騒音・再開発計画を比較する。","用途地域・傾斜・浸水/土砂/津波/液状化のリスクを公式地図で確認する。","今の利便だけでなく、地域人口・賃貸需要・売却の厚みを考える。","国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは価格・地価・都市計画・災害データを統合する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-to-evaluate","heading":{"en":"What to evaluate in an area","ja":"エリアで評価すべきこと"},"body":{"en":["Choosing an area is choosing your daily life and your future resale market at once. Evaluate the commute, schools, medical care, noise, redevelopment plans, zoning, slope, and official flood, inland-flood, landslide, tsunami, storm-surge, and liquefaction exposure, plus the local population trend, rental demand, and resale depth. MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library combines transaction prices, official land values, planning, disaster, and amenity information in one place, which lets you sanity-check a listing against real comparables and hazards."],"ja":["エリアを選ぶことは、日々の暮らしと将来の売却市場を同時に選ぶことです。通勤・学校・医療・騒音・再開発計画・用途地域・傾斜、そして公式の浸水・内水氾濫・土砂・津波・高潮・液状化のリスク、加えて地域の人口動向・賃貸需要・売却の厚みを評価します。国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは、取引価格・公示地価・都市計画・災害・生活利便の情報を一か所にまとめ、掲載物件を実際の比較事例と災害リスクに照らして検証できます。"]}},{"id":"maps-and-site","heading":{"en":"Maps plus site observation","ja":"地図と現地観察"},"body":{"en":["Hazard maps describe modeled scenarios and do not prove that an uncolored site is risk-free, so combine official maps with local maps and site observation. Walk from the station, note the slope and drainage, and imagine the area in heavy rain. Population and demand matter for both livability and resale — an area with a shrinking, aging population may be cheaper now but harder to sell later. Underwrite the specific micro-location, not the city label, and verify demand with transaction comparables.","Key points to carry away: Weigh commute, schools, medical care, noise, and redevelopment plans; Check zoning, slope, and flood/landslide/tsunami/liquefaction exposure on official maps; Consider local population, rental demand, and resale depth, not just today’s convenience; MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library combines prices, land values, planning, and hazard data. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["ハザードマップはモデル化されたシナリオを示し、色のない場所が無リスクだと証明するものではないため、公式地図に地元の地図と現地観察を組み合わせます。駅から歩き、傾斜と排水を確認し、大雨の日の様子を想像します。人口と需要は住みやすさと売却の両方に効きます。人口が減り高齢化する地域は今は安くても後で売りにくいことがあります。都市名でなく具体的なミクロの立地で採算を見て、取引事例で需要を確認しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：通勤・学校・医療・騒音・再開発計画を比較する。用途地域・傾斜・浸水/土砂/津波/液状化のリスクを公式地図で確認する。今の利便だけでなく、地域人口・賃貸需要・売却の厚みを考える。国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは価格・地価・都市計画・災害データを統合する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers comparing neighborhoods","Investors assessing rental demand"],"ja":["地区を比較する買い手","賃貸需要を評価する投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["A specific neighborhood recommendation"],"ja":["特定の地区の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Being outside a hazard-map zone does not mean safe; combine maps with site observation."],"ja":["ハザードマップの区域外でも安全とは限りません。地図と現地観察を組み合わせましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-hazard-map","loan-outside-hazard-zone","loan-station-distance"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library","mlit-hazard-map"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["hazard-maps","finding-property","property-resale-value"]},{"slug":"finding-property","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How to search for property in Japan","ja":"日本で物件を探す"},"summary":{"en":"Portals, duplicate listings, agents, off-market claims, and comparables.","ja":"ポータル・重複掲載・仲介・未公開物件の主張・比較事例。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Search multiple portals and agents, treat listings as discovery rather than diligence, expect duplicate listings, be skeptical of \"off-market\" claims, and verify prices against MLIT transaction comparables.","ja":"複数のポータルと仲介で探し、掲載は調査でなく発見と捉え、重複掲載を想定し、「未公開」の主張に懐疑的になり、価格を国交省の取引事例で確認します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Use multiple portals and agents; duplicate listings are common.","A portal is an advertising and discovery tool, not title, legal, or building diligence.","Be skeptical of \"off-market\" or \"exclusive\" claims used to pressure a decision.","Verify asking prices against MLIT transaction comparables and REINS market data."],"ja":["複数のポータルと仲介を使う。重複掲載は一般的。","ポータルは広告と発見のツールで、権利・法務・建物の調査ではない。","判断を急がせる「未公開」「専任」の主張に懐疑的になる。","募集価格を国交省の取引事例やREINSの市場情報で確認する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"portals-and-duplicates","heading":{"en":"Portals, duplicates, and agents","ja":"ポータル・重複・仲介"},"body":{"en":["Search multiple portals (SUUMO, at home, HOME’S, Yahoo! Real Estate, and others) and talk to agents, but remember a portal is an advertising and discovery tool, not a substitute for title, legal, building, or financial diligence. Duplicate listings are common because many brokers advertise the same property, and a single home can appear at slightly different prices or with different photos. Use the portals to find candidates and understand the market, then move to proper diligence on the specific property."],"ja":["複数のポータル（SUUMO・アットホーム・HOME’S・Yahoo!不動産ほか）で探し仲介と話しますが、ポータルは広告と発見のツールであり、権利・法務・建物・財務の調査の代わりにはなりません。多くの仲介が同じ物件を広告するため重複掲載は一般的で、同じ住まいがわずかに異なる価格や写真で現れることがあります。ポータルで候補を見つけ市場を理解したら、具体的な物件の本格的な調査に移りましょう。"]}},{"id":"off-market-and-comparables","heading":{"en":"\"Off-market\" claims and comparables","ja":"「未公開」の主張と比較事例"},"body":{"en":["Be skeptical of \"off-market\" or \"exclusive\" claims used to create urgency — they are sometimes genuine, but often a sales technique. Whatever the channel, verify the asking price against evidence: MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library and REINS Market Information provide transaction comparables, so you can see what similar properties actually sold for rather than relying on the asking price. Data can lag and every property differs, but comparables are the antidote to paying a listing’s optimistic number.","Key points to carry away: Use multiple portals and agents; duplicate listings are common; A portal is an advertising and discovery tool, not title, legal, or building diligence; Be skeptical of \"off-market\" or \"exclusive\" claims used to pressure a decision; Verify asking prices against MLIT transaction comparables and REINS market data. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["緊急性を演出する「未公開」「専任」の主張には懐疑的になりましょう。本物のこともありますが、しばしば営業手法です。どの経路でも、募集価格を証拠で確認します。国交省の不動産情報ライブラリとREINSの市場情報は取引事例を提供し、募集価格に頼らず類似物件の実際の成約額を見られます。データは遅れ得、物件はそれぞれ異なりますが、比較事例は掲載の楽観的な数字を払う解毒剤です。","押さえておきたい要点：複数のポータルと仲介を使う。重複掲載は一般的。ポータルは広告と発見のツールで、権利・法務・建物の調査ではない。判断を急がせる「未公開」「専任」の主張に懐疑的になる。募集価格を国交省の取引事例やREINSの市場情報で確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers starting a search","Anyone checking whether a price is fair"],"ja":["探し始める買い手","価格が妥当か確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for property-specific diligence"],"ja":["物件固有の調査の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["A portal listing is discovery, not diligence; verify title, legality, condition, and price independently."],"ja":["ポータルの掲載は発見であり調査ではありません。権利・適法性・状態・価格を独自に確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-compare-fairly"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library","reins-market"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-portals","compare-property-listings","real-estate-agents-japan"]},{"slug":"real-estate-agents-japan","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Working with a Japanese real-estate agent","ja":"日本の不動産仲介と付き合う"},"summary":{"en":"Agency roles, representation, commission, conflicts, and licensing.","ja":"仲介の役割・代理・手数料・利益相反・免許。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Ask who the agent actually represents: the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller, dual agency and direct dealing create conflicts, and commission is subject to a statutory maximum — verify the license before you pay anything.","ja":"その仲介が実際に誰を代理するか尋ねます。掲載ブローカーは売主を代理または売主に依存し得、両手仲介や直接取引は利益相反を生み、手数料には法定上限があります。支払う前に免許を確認しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Ask who the agent represents and whether dual agency or direct dealing exists.","The listing broker often represents or depends on the seller economically.","Brokerage commission is subject to a statutory maximum.","Verify the license and any administrative actions before paying."],"ja":["その仲介が誰を代理し、両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。","掲載ブローカーはしばしば売主を代理または経済的に依存する。","仲介手数料には法定の上限がある。","支払う前に免許と行政処分の有無を確認する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"representation","heading":{"en":"Whose side is the agent on?","ja":"仲介はどちらの側か"},"body":{"en":["Most brokerages are commission-based, and the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller — so their incentives are not automatically aligned with yours. Ask directly who the agent represents, whether they are acting for both sides (dual agency), and whether they have a direct interest in the sale. A property portal or an \"English website\" does not tell you whether a company is a broker, a media/referral business, or a property manager, so establish the relationship and incentives before you rely on the advice."],"ja":["多くの仲介は手数料制で、掲載ブローカーは売主を代理または経済的に依存し得るため、その動機は自動的にあなたと一致しません。誰を代理するか、双方の代理（両手仲介）か、売買に直接の利害があるかを直接尋ねましょう。不動産ポータルや「英語サイト」は、その会社が仲介か、メディア/紹介業か、管理会社かを教えてくれないため、助言に頼る前に関係と動機を確かめましょう。"]}},{"id":"commission-license","heading":{"en":"Commission and licensing","ja":"手数料と免許"},"body":{"en":["Brokerage commission is subject to a statutory maximum that depends on the price and transaction; for conventional prices it is commonly calculated with the permitted simplified formula plus consumption tax. New developer properties bought directly from the seller often carry no buyer brokerage, but confirm the transaction structure. Before paying anything, verify the company’s license and any administrative actions through MLIT and prefectural licensing records — this is free, and it confirms you are dealing with a legitimate, disciplined broker.","Key points to carry away: Ask who the agent represents and whether dual agency or direct dealing exists; The listing broker often represents or depends on the seller economically; Brokerage commission is subject to a statutory maximum; Verify the license and any administrative actions before paying. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["仲介手数料は、価格と取引に応じた法定上限の対象で、一般的な価格では簡易式＋消費税で計算されるのが通常です。売主から直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主の仲介手数料がないことが多いですが、取引の形を確認しましょう。支払う前に、国交省と都道府県の免許記録で会社の免許と行政処分の有無を確認します。これは無料で、正規で処分歴のない仲介と取引していることを確かめられます。","押さえておきたい要点：その仲介が誰を代理し、両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。掲載ブローカーはしばしば売主を代理または経済的に依存する。仲介手数料には法定の上限がある。支払う前に免許と行政処分の有無を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers engaging an agent","Anyone checking a broker’s incentives"],"ja":["仲介に依頼する買い手","ブローカーの動機を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A recommendation of a specific agency"],"ja":["特定の仲介会社の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["An English website does not mean independent buyer representation; verify the license and whose side the advice is on."],"ja":["英語サイト＝独立した買主代理ではありません。免許と、助言が誰の側かを確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-brokerage-commission","loan-developer-brokerage"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library","reins-market"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","real-estate-brokerage-fees","buyers-agents"]},{"slug":"property-viewing-guide","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Property viewings in Japan","ja":"日本の物件内見"},"summary":{"en":"Multiple visits, noise, sunlight, odors, access, measurements, and neighbors.","ja":"複数回の訪問・騒音・日当たり・匂い・アクセス・採寸・近隣。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"View the property repeatedly — in daylight, at night, on a weekday, and after rain — measure the actual usable space, and check noise, sunlight, odors, vibration, access, and the neighborhood before deciding.","ja":"物件は繰り返し内見します。昼・夜・平日・雨の後に見て、実際の使える広さを採寸し、騒音・日当たり・匂い・振動・アクセス・近隣を確認してから判断します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Visit in daylight, at night, on a weekday, and after rain where possible.","Measure actual usable space rather than trusting the listed area.","Check odors, traffic, train vibration, sunlight, and neighboring buildings.","Walk from the station on foot and note waste collection, deliveries, and reception."],"ja":["可能なら昼・夜・平日・雨の後に訪れる。","掲載面積を信じず、実際の使える広さを採寸する。","匂い・交通・電車の振動・日当たり・隣接建物を確認する。","駅から徒歩で歩き、ゴミ収集・配達・電波を確認する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"when-to-visit","heading":{"en":"Visit more than once","ja":"複数回訪れる"},"body":{"en":["A single daytime viewing hides a lot. Visit in daylight and at night, on a weekday and a weekend, and after rain where possible, and walk from the station on foot to feel the real commute. A quiet street at 2pm can be noisy at 8am or on a Friday night; a bright room in summer can be dark in winter; a dry site can flood after heavy rain. Multiple visits at different times reveal what a staged viewing conceals."],"ja":["一度の昼の内見では多くが隠れます。昼と夜、平日と週末、可能なら雨の後に訪れ、駅から徒歩で歩いて実際の通勤を体感します。午後2時に静かな通りも朝8時や金曜の夜は騒がしいことがあり、夏に明るい部屋も冬は暗いことがあり、乾いた敷地も大雨で浸水することがあります。異なる時間の複数回の訪問が、演出された内見の隠すものを明らかにします。"]}},{"id":"what-to-check","heading":{"en":"What to check on site","ja":"現地で確認すること"},"body":{"en":["Measure the actual usable space rather than trusting the listed area, which can include walls or unusable corners. Check odors, traffic and train vibration, sunlight and neighboring buildings that block it, waste collection and delivery access, mobile reception, and evacuation paths. Talk to the neighbors if you can, and note anything that would bother you daily. A property-viewing checklist tailored to the property type, age, location, and your priorities keeps you systematic rather than swayed by first impressions.","Key points to carry away: Visit in daylight, at night, on a weekday, and after rain where possible; Measure actual usable space rather than trusting the listed area; Check odors, traffic, train vibration, sunlight, and neighboring buildings; Walk from the station on foot and note waste collection, deliveries, and reception. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["掲載面積（壁や使えない隅を含み得る）を信じず、実際の使える広さを採寸します。匂い・交通と電車の振動・日当たりとそれを遮る隣接建物・ゴミ収集と配達のアクセス・電波・避難経路を確認します。可能なら近隣と話し、日々気になりそうなことを控えます。物件の種類・築年・立地・優先事項に合わせた内見チェックリストがあれば、第一印象に流されず体系的に見られます。","押さえておきたい要点：可能なら昼・夜・平日・雨の後に訪れる。掲載面積を信じず、実際の使える広さを採寸する。匂い・交通・電車の振動・日当たり・隣接建物を確認する。駅から徒歩で歩き、ゴミ収集・配達・電波を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers viewing candidate homes","Anyone comparing properties systematically"],"ja":["候補を内見する買い手","体系的に物件を比較する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for a professional inspection"],"ja":["専門家の検査の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["A single daytime viewing hides noise, light, and flood behavior; visit at different times before deciding."],"ja":["一度の昼の内見は騒音・光・浸水の挙動を隠します。判断前に異なる時間に訪れましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["home-inspections","evaluating-used-property"]},{"slug":"making-property-offer","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Making an offer on Japanese property","ja":"日本の物件に買付を入れる"},"summary":{"en":"The purchase application, price, conditions, fixtures, and renovation access.","ja":"買付証明書・価格・条件・付帯設備・リフォームの立入。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Submit a purchase application (買付証明書) clarifying price, deposit, financing condition, desired closing date, included fixtures, and inspection/renovation access — commonly nonbinding in itself, but the wording and your conduct still matter.","ja":"買付証明書を提出し、価格・手付・融資条件・希望引渡日・付帯設備・検査/リフォームの立入を明確にします。それ自体は通常拘束力がありませんが、文言と行動は依然重要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The purchase application clarifies price, deposit, financing condition, and closing date.","Specify included fixtures, defect treatment, survey, inspection, and renovation access.","Although commonly nonbinding in itself, the wording and conduct matter.","It is safer to have preapproval before making an offer."],"ja":["買付証明書は価格・手付・融資条件・引渡日を明確にする。","付帯設備・瑕疵の扱い・測量・検査・リフォームの立入を明記する。","それ自体は通常拘束力がないが、文言と行動は重要。","買付の前に事前審査を取るほうが安全。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-application","heading":{"en":"The purchase application","ja":"買付証明書"},"body":{"en":["You make an offer by submitting a purchase application (買付証明書). Use it to clarify the price, deposit, financing condition, desired closing date, included fixtures, defect treatment, survey, inspection, and renovation access — the more clearly these are stated, the fewer disputes arise later. Although the purchase application is commonly nonbinding in itself, the wording and your conduct still matter, and a seller may rely on it, so do not offer casually or on a property you are not prepared to buy under those terms."],"ja":["買付は買付証明書の提出で行います。価格・手付・融資条件・希望引渡日・付帯設備・瑕疵の扱い・測量・検査・リフォームの立入を明確にするために使います。これらが明確なほど後の紛争は減ります。買付証明書はそれ自体通常拘束力がありませんが、文言と行動は依然重要で、売主が信頼し得るため、その条件で買う準備のない物件に軽々しく買付しないこと。"]}},{"id":"before-you-offer","heading":{"en":"Before you offer","ja":"買付の前に"},"body":{"en":["It is safer to have preapproval before making an offer, so you know the price is financeable and can act with credibility. Think through the conditions you need — especially the financing-condition clause that will go into the contract — before you submit, because an offer sets the frame for the negotiation and the contract that follows. If you plan to inspect or renovate, secure access rights in the offer rather than assuming them later.","Key points to carry away: The purchase application clarifies price, deposit, financing condition, and closing date; Specify included fixtures, defect treatment, survey, inspection, and renovation access; Although commonly nonbinding in itself, the wording and conduct matter; It is safer to have preapproval before making an offer. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["買付の前に事前審査を持つほうが安全で、価格が融資可能と分かり信頼性をもって動けます。買付は交渉とその後の契約の枠組みを決めるため、提出前に必要な条件（特に契約に入る住宅ローン特約）を考え抜きましょう。検査やリフォームを予定するなら、後で当然と仮定せず、買付で立入の権利を確保しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：買付証明書は価格・手付・融資条件・引渡日を明確にする。付帯設備・瑕疵の扱い・測量・検査・リフォームの立入を明記する。それ自体は通常拘束力がないが、文言と行動は重要。買付の前に事前審査を取るほうが安全。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers ready to make an offer","Anyone negotiating terms"],"ja":["買付する準備ができた買い手","条件を交渉する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A binding contract substitute"],"ja":["拘束力ある契約の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not make an offer casually; a seller may rely on it, and it frames the contract that follows."],"ja":["軽々しく買付しないこと。売主が信頼し得、その後の契約の枠組みになります。"]},"faqs":["loan-offer-before-preapproval"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-preapproval","important-matters-explanation","property-purchase-contract"]},{"slug":"important-matters-explanation","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Explanation of important matters","ja":"重要事項説明"},"summary":{"en":"Title, road access, zoning, hazards, utilities, cancellation, and management.","ja":"権利・接道・用途地域・災害・インフラ・解除・管理。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The explanation of important matters (重要事項説明) is delivered by a licensed transaction specialist and covers title, legal restrictions, road access, utilities, disaster information, leasehold, management, deposits, and cancellation — obtain the documents early, not minutes before signing.","ja":"重要事項説明は宅地建物取引士が行い、権利・法規制・接道・インフラ・災害情報・借地・管理・手付・解除を扱います。署名直前でなく早めに書類を入手しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A licensed transaction specialist explains the material facts before the contract.","It covers title, legal restrictions, road access, utilities, disaster info, leasehold, and management.","It also covers deposits, cancellation rights, and other material matters.","Obtain the documents early so you can review and ask questions, not sign under pressure."],"ja":["宅地建物取引士が契約前に重要な事実を説明する。","権利・法規制・接道・インフラ・災害情報・借地・管理を扱う。","手付・解除権など重要事項も扱う。","圧力下で署名せず、確認し質問できるよう書類を早めに入手する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-it-covers","heading":{"en":"What the explanation covers","ja":"説明が扱う内容"},"body":{"en":["The explanation of important matters (重要事項説明) is a legally required disclosure delivered by a licensed real-estate transaction specialist before you enter the purchase contract. It covers title, legal restrictions, road access, utilities, disaster information, leasehold terms, building management, deposits, cancellation rights, and other material matters. This is where hidden problems — a leasehold, a non-rebuildable status, an easement, a management dispute, a hazard exposure — are supposed to surface, so read every line and ask about anything unclear."],"ja":["重要事項説明は、売買契約の前に宅地建物取引士が行う、法で義務づけられた開示です。権利・法規制・接道・インフラ・災害情報・借地条件・建物管理・手付・解除権など重要事項を扱います。隠れた問題（借地・再建築不可・地役権・管理の紛争・災害リスク）が表面化するはずの場所なので、全行を読み、不明点はすべて質問しましょう。"]}},{"id":"get-it-early","heading":{"en":"Get the documents early","ja":"書類を早めに入手する"},"body":{"en":["A common and avoidable mistake is seeing the important-matters documents for the first time immediately before signing, when there is no time to digest them or seek advice. Obtain them early — ideally days before — so you can review the details, cross-check the title and hazard information, and consult a professional if anything is complex (leasehold, non-rebuildable, or a management dispute). If the seller or broker resists giving you the documents in advance, treat that as a warning sign rather than a formality.","Key points to carry away: A licensed transaction specialist explains the material facts before the contract; It covers title, legal restrictions, road access, utilities, disaster info, leasehold, and management; It also covers deposits, cancellation rights, and other material matters; Obtain the documents early so you can review and ask questions, not sign under pressure. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["よくあり避けられる失敗は、重要事項の書類を署名直前に初めて見ることで、そのときは咀嚼も相談もする時間がありません。理想的には数日前に早めに入手し、細部を確認し、権利や災害情報を照合し、複雑な点（借地・再建築不可・管理紛争）があれば専門家に相談しましょう。売主や仲介が事前の書類提供を渋るなら、形式でなく警告信号と捉えましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：宅地建物取引士が契約前に重要な事実を説明する。権利・法規制・接道・インフラ・災害情報・借地・管理を扱う。手付・解除権など重要事項も扱う。圧力下で署名せず、確認し質問できるよう書類を早めに入手する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers approaching contract","Anyone reviewing disclosures"],"ja":["契約が近い買い手","開示を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for legal review of complex title"],"ja":["複雑な権利の法的確認の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not sign a contract having first seen the important-matters explanation only minutes earlier; obtain it early."],"ja":["重要事項説明を直前に初めて見た状態で契約しないこと。早めに入手しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-purchase-contract","property-land-rights","non-rebuildable-property"]},{"slug":"property-purchase-contract","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Japanese property purchase contracts","ja":"日本の不動産売買契約"},"summary":{"en":"Contract structure, obligations, deadlines, breach, and professional review.","ja":"契約の構成・義務・期限・違反・専門家の確認。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The purchase agreement (売買契約) sets out obligations, deadlines, breach and cancellation terms, and the financing-condition clause — understand every deadline and the deposit rules, and get professional review before you sign.","ja":"売買契約は義務・期限・違反と解除の条件・住宅ローン特約を定めます。すべての期限と手付のルールを理解し、署名前に専門家の確認を受けましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The contract sets obligations, deadlines, breach, and cancellation terms.","The financing-condition clause governs whether you recover the deposit if a loan fails.","Missing a deadline can forfeit a deposit or expose you to liquidated damages.","Have a professional review the contract before signing."],"ja":["契約は義務・期限・違反・解除の条件を定める。","住宅ローン特約は、融資不成立時に手付が戻るかを左右する。","期限を逃すと手付の没収や違約金にさらされ得る。","署名前に専門家に契約を確認してもらう。"]},"sections":[{"id":"structure","heading":{"en":"Contract structure and obligations","ja":"契約の構成と義務"},"body":{"en":["The purchase agreement (売買契約) is the binding document that sets out the parties’ obligations, the payment and closing deadlines, the treatment of breach, and cancellation rights, alongside the financing-condition clause. Every deadline matters: the loan-application and approval deadlines, the closing date, and any deadline for exercising a cancellation right. Missing a deadline can forfeit a deposit or trigger liquidated damages, so map the dates and build in margin."],"ja":["売買契約は、当事者の義務・支払いと決済の期限・違反の扱い・解除権を、住宅ローン特約とともに定める拘束力ある文書です。すべての期限が重要です。融資の申込と承認の期限、引渡日、解除権を行使する期限など。期限を逃すと手付の没収や違約金を招き得るため、日付を整理し余裕を持たせましょう。"]}},{"id":"review","heading":{"en":"Professional review before signing","ja":"署名前の専門家確認"},"body":{"en":["Do not sign a sale contract before you understand the mortgage-condition clause and the deposit rules. The financing-condition clause determines whether the deposit is returned if specified financing fails — and only if the contract’s conditions were met. For anything unusual (leasehold, non-rebuildable, a complex title, or a large transaction), have a professional review the contract before signing. The cost of review is small next to the deposit and the price, and it is the last point at which you can catch a problem cheaply.","Key points to carry away: The contract sets obligations, deadlines, breach, and cancellation terms; The financing-condition clause governs whether you recover the deposit if a loan fails; Missing a deadline can forfeit a deposit or expose you to liquidated damages; Have a professional review the contract before signing. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["住宅ローン特約と手付のルールを理解する前に売買契約に署名しないこと。住宅ローン特約は、所定の融資が不成立の場合に、契約の条件を満たしたときに限り手付が返還されるかを決めます。特殊な点（借地・再建築不可・複雑な権利・大きな取引）があれば、署名前に専門家に契約を確認してもらいましょう。確認の費用は手付や価格に比べれば小さく、安く問題を捉えられる最後の機会です。","押さえておきたい要点：契約は義務・期限・違反・解除の条件を定める。住宅ローン特約は、融資不成立時に手付が戻るかを左右する。期限を逃すと手付の没収や違約金にさらされ得る。署名前に専門家に契約を確認してもらう。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers about to sign","Anyone with an unusual property or title"],"ja":["署名直前の買い手","特殊な物件や権利のある人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for a lawyer’s advice on a disputed contract"],"ja":["係争ある契約の弁護士助言の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not sign before you understand the financing-condition clause and every deadline; a missed deadline can cost the deposit."],"ja":["住宅ローン特約とすべての期限を理解する前に署名しないこと。期限超過は手付を失わせ得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-financing-clause","loan-deposit-returned","loan-earnest-money-size"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["important-matters-explanation","property-deposits","mortgage-financing-clause"]},{"slug":"property-deposits","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Earnest money and deposits","ja":"手付金と諸費用の預け金"},"summary":{"en":"Typical structure, cancellation, financing failure, and return conditions.","ja":"一般的な構成・解除・融資不成立・返還条件。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Earnest money (手付金) is part of the price, not an extra cost, and is commonly around 5–10% but not universal; whether it is returned if financing fails depends on the contract’s financing-condition clause and whether its requirements were met.","ja":"手付金は追加費用でなく代金の一部で、一般に5〜10%程度ですが必須ではありません。融資不成立時に返還されるかは、契約の住宅ローン特約とその要件を満たしたか次第です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Earnest money is credited to the price at closing — not an extra cost if the deal completes.","A common range is 5–10%, but there is no universal mandatory percentage.","Understand cancellation rights, deadlines, and liquidated damages.","The deposit is returned on financing failure only if the financing-condition clause applied and its requirements were met."],"ja":["手付金は決済時に代金へ充当。取引が成立すれば追加費用ではない。","一般に5〜10%だが、普遍的な必須割合はない。","解除権・期限・違約金を理解する。","融資不成立での返還は、住宅ローン特約が適用され要件を満たした場合のみ。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-it-is","heading":{"en":"What earnest money is","ja":"手付金とは"},"body":{"en":["Earnest money (手付金) is a payment made at contract that is part of the purchase price, not an additional cost — it is credited to the price at closing if the deal completes. Common market practice is roughly 5–10%, but there is no universal mandatory percentage, and the amount is negotiated. Understand the cancellation rights it carries: in many contracts, up to a defined point, a buyer can cancel by forfeiting the deposit and a seller by returning double it, but deadlines and liquidated-damages terms vary."],"ja":["手付金は契約時に支払う代金の一部で、追加費用ではありません。取引が成立すれば決済時に代金へ充当されます。市場慣行は概ね5〜10%ですが、普遍的な必須割合はなく、金額は交渉で決まります。手付が伴う解除権を理解しましょう。多くの契約では、所定の時点まで、買主は手付放棄で、売主は手付倍返しで解除できますが、期限や違約金の条件は異なります。"]}},{"id":"financing-failure","heading":{"en":"Return on financing failure","ja":"融資不成立での返還"},"body":{"en":["A key question for a mortgage buyer is whether the deposit is returned if the loan falls through. The answer is: only if the contract’s financing-condition clause (住宅ローン特約) applies and its requirements were met — the named lender, amount, and deadlines, and your having applied and pursued the loan in good faith. This is why the financing-condition clause must be carefully drafted and why you should not sign before you understand it. If the clause does not apply or you missed its conditions, the deposit can be at risk.","Key points to carry away: Earnest money is credited to the price at closing — not an extra cost if the deal completes; A common range is 5–10%, but there is no universal mandatory percentage; Understand cancellation rights, deadlines, and liquidated damages; The deposit is returned on financing failure only if the financing-condition clause applied and its requirements were met. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["住宅ローン利用者の重要な問いは、融資が不成立の場合に手付が戻るかです。答えは、契約の住宅ローン特約が適用され、その要件（指定の金融機関・金額・期限、そして誠実に申込・遂行したこと）を満たした場合のみ、です。だからこそ住宅ローン特約は丁寧に取り決める必要があり、理解する前に署名すべきではありません。特約が適用されない、または条件を満たさなかった場合、手付は危険にさらされ得ます。","押さえておきたい要点：手付金は決済時に代金へ充当。取引が成立すれば追加費用ではない。一般に5〜10%だが、普遍的な必須割合はない。解除権・期限・違約金を理解する。融資不成立での返還は、住宅ローン特約が適用され要件を満たした場合のみ。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Mortgage buyers protecting their deposit","Anyone negotiating the deposit"],"ja":["手付を守る住宅ローン利用者","手付を交渉する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A legal opinion on a specific dispute"],"ja":["特定の紛争の法的意見"]},"warnings":{"en":["The deposit is not automatically returned if a loan fails; it depends on the financing-condition clause being met."],"ja":["融資不成立でも手付は自動では戻りません。住宅ローン特約を満たすか次第です。"]},"faqs":["loan-earnest-money-size","loan-earnest-extra-cost","loan-deposit-returned"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-purchase-contract","mortgage-financing-clause","property-closing-costs"]},{"slug":"mortgage-financing-clause","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mortgage financing clauses","ja":"住宅ローン特約（融資特約）"},"summary":{"en":"Named lender, amount, deadlines, buyer obligations, and deposit risk.","ja":"指定の金融機関・金額・期限・買主の義務・手付のリスク。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The financing-condition clause (住宅ローン特約) lets you cancel and recover the deposit if specified financing fails — but only if it names the lender and amount, sets clear deadlines, and you meet your obligation to apply in good faith.","ja":"住宅ローン特約は、所定の融資が不成立の場合に解除して手付を取り戻せる条項ですが、金融機関と金額を明記し明確な期限を設け、あなたが誠実に申し込む義務を果たした場合に限ります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The clause should name the lender, the amount, and the application and approval deadlines.","It governs whether you recover the deposit if financing fails.","You must meet your obligations — applying in good faith and by the deadline.","A poorly drafted clause can leave your deposit at risk."],"ja":["特約は金融機関・金額・申込と承認の期限を明記すべき。","融資不成立時に手付を取り戻せるかを左右する。","誠実に期限までに申し込むなど、義務を果たす必要がある。","不十分な特約は手付を危険にさらし得る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-it-does","heading":{"en":"What the clause does","ja":"特約の働き"},"body":{"en":["The financing-condition clause (住宅ローン特約) is the mortgage buyer’s core protection. It allows you to cancel the contract and recover the deposit if specified financing fails under the clause. To work, it should name the lender, the amount, and the application and approval deadlines, and it should state clearly what happens to the deposit if the loan is declined. Confirm the lender, amount, application deadline, approval deadline, and refund terms before you rely on it."],"ja":["住宅ローン特約は住宅ローン利用者の中核の保護です。特約に基づき所定の融資が不成立の場合に、契約を解除して手付を取り戻せます。機能するには、金融機関・金額・申込と承認の期限を明記し、融資が否決された場合に手付がどうなるかを明確に定めるべきです。頼る前に、金融機関・金額・申込期限・承認期限・返還条件を確認しましょう。"]}},{"id":"your-obligations","heading":{"en":"Your obligations and the deposit risk","ja":"あなたの義務と手付のリスク"},"body":{"en":["The clause protects you only if you meet your obligations — chiefly applying for the named loan in good faith and by the deadline, and not causing the failure yourself (for example, by taking on new debt or changing jobs). If the clause does not apply to how the financing actually failed, or you missed a deadline, the deposit can be at risk. Because the wording is decisive, do not sign a sale contract before you understand the clause, and have it reviewed if the transaction is large or unusual.","Key points to carry away: The clause should name the lender, the amount, and the application and approval deadlines; It governs whether you recover the deposit if financing fails; You must meet your obligations — applying in good faith and by the deadline; A poorly drafted clause can leave your deposit at risk. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["特約があなたを守るのは、義務を果たした場合のみです。主に、指定のローンに誠実に期限までに申し込み、自ら不成立を招かない（新規借入や転職などをしない）ことです。特約が実際の不成立の仕方に当てはまらない、または期限を逃した場合、手付は危険にさらされ得ます。文言が決定的なため、特約を理解する前に売買契約に署名せず、取引が大きい・特殊なら確認を受けましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：特約は金融機関・金額・申込と承認の期限を明記すべき。融資不成立時に手付を取り戻せるかを左右する。誠実に期限までに申し込むなど、義務を果たす必要がある。不十分な特約は手付を危険にさらし得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Mortgage buyers drafting the clause","Anyone protecting a deposit"],"ja":["特約を取り決める住宅ローン利用者","手付を守る人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Cash buyers"],"ja":["現金購入者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Taking on new debt or changing jobs can cause the loan to fail in a way the clause does not cover, risking the deposit."],"ja":["新規借入や転職は、特約が対象としない形で融資を不成立にし、手付を危険にさらし得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-financing-clause","loan-deposit-returned","loan-change-jobs"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-deposits","property-purchase-contract","preapproval-final-approval"]},{"slug":"home-inspections","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Home inspections in Japan","ja":"日本の住宅検査（建物状況調査）"},"summary":{"en":"Existing-home inspections, their limits, independence, reports, and warranties.","ja":"中古住宅の検査・その限界・独立性・報告・保証。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A registered existing-home condition inspection (建物状況調査) examines visible and measurable deterioration; the framework requires brokers to address inspection referral and disclosure, but it does not guarantee the property is defect-free, and a lender appraisal is not a structural inspection.","ja":"建物状況調査は、目視・計測可能な劣化を調べます。制度は仲介に検査のあっせんと開示を求めますが、無欠陥を保証せず、金融機関の担保評価は構造検査ではありません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A registered inspector examines visible and measurable deterioration of specified components.","The framework requires brokers to address inspection referral and disclosure.","Inspection does not guarantee the property is defect-free.","Prefer an inspector independent of the seller and the renovation contractor."],"ja":["登録検査人が所定部位の目視・計測可能な劣化を調べる。","制度は仲介に検査のあっせんと開示を求める。","検査は無欠陥を保証しない。","売主や施工業者から独立した検査人を選ぶ。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-it-covers","heading":{"en":"What an inspection covers","ja":"検査が対象とする範囲"},"body":{"en":["For a used home, commission an independent qualified inspector where practical. Under Japan’s inspection framework, a registered existing-home condition inspector (建物状況調査, an inspector under the relevant registration) examines visible and measurable deterioration of specified components. The statutory framework requires brokers to address inspection referral and disclosure, so the topic should come up in the transaction. But the inspection is a condition survey of what can be seen and measured, not a guarantee, and a lender’s appraisal is a collateral valuation, not a structural inspection."],"ja":["中古住宅では、可能なら独立した有資格の検査人に依頼します。日本の検査制度の下で、登録された建物状況調査の検査人が、所定部位の目視・計測可能な劣化を調べます。法制度は仲介に検査のあっせんと開示への対応を求めるため、取引でこの話題は出るはずです。ただし検査は見えて計測できる範囲の状態調査であり保証ではなく、金融機関の担保評価は担保価値の評価であって構造検査ではありません。"]}},{"id":"limits-and-independence","heading":{"en":"Limits and independence","ja":"限界と独立性"},"body":{"en":["An inspection does not guarantee there are no hidden defects — it reports on what is visible and measurable at the time, so structural, concealed, or intermittent problems can be missed. Prefer an inspector chosen by you and independent of the seller and any renovation contractor, so the report is not shaped by an interest in closing the sale or selling repair work. Do not waive an inspection merely because a building looks renovated; a fresh finish can hide deferred structural work.","Key points to carry away: A registered inspector examines visible and measurable deterioration of specified components; The framework requires brokers to address inspection referral and disclosure; Inspection does not guarantee the property is defect-free; Prefer an inspector independent of the seller and the renovation contractor. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["検査は隠れた瑕疵がないことを保証しません。その時点で見えて計測できるものを報告するため、構造的・隠蔽された・断続的な問題は見落とされ得ます。あなたが選び、売主や施工業者から独立した検査人を選びましょう。売却成立や修繕受注への利害で報告が歪まないようにするためです。見た目が改装済みだからと検査を省かないこと。新しい仕上げが先送りした構造工事を隠し得ます。","押さえておきたい要点：登録検査人が所定部位の目視・計測可能な劣化を調べる。制度は仲介に検査のあっせんと開示を求める。検査は無欠陥を保証しない。売主や施工業者から独立した検査人を選ぶ。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Used-home buyers","Anyone commissioning an inspection"],"ja":["中古住宅の買い手","検査を依頼する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A guarantee of no hidden defects"],"ja":["隠れた瑕疵がないことの保証"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not waive an inspection because a building looks renovated; a fresh finish can hide deferred structural work."],"ja":["改装済みに見えるからと検査を省かないこと。新しい仕上げが先送りの構造工事を隠し得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-inspection","loan-inspection-guarantee","loan-who-selects-inspector"],"sources":["mlit-inspection"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["home-inspection-services","evaluating-used-property","property-defects-warranties"]},{"slug":"property-closing-registration","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Closing and registration","ja":"決済と登記"},"summary":{"en":"Final payment, lender disbursement, keys, judicial scrivener, and registrations.","ja":"残代金・融資実行・鍵・司法書士・登記。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"At closing the buyer pays the balance, the lender disburses, keys and possession transfer, and a judicial scrivener files ownership and mortgage registrations — confirm vacant possession, utilities, prorated taxes and fees, and no unexpected encumbrances.","ja":"決済では買主が残代金を払い、融資が実行され、鍵と占有が移り、司法書士が所有権移転と抵当権設定を登記します。空き渡し・インフラ・税や費用の按分・想定外の担保がないことを確認します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The buyer pays the balance and the lender disburses on the same day.","Keys and possession transfer at closing.","A judicial scrivener files the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations.","Confirm vacant possession, utilities, prorated taxes/fees, and no unexpected encumbrances."],"ja":["買主が残代金を払い、同日に融資が実行される。","決済で鍵と占有が移る。","司法書士が所有権移転と抵当権設定を登記する。","空き渡し・インフラ・税や費用の按分・想定外の担保がないことを確認する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-closing","heading":{"en":"What happens at closing","ja":"決済で起きること"},"body":{"en":["Closing (決済) is the day the transaction completes. The buyer pays the balance of the price, the lender disburses the mortgage, keys and possession transfer, and a judicial scrivener (司法書士) typically files the ownership-transfer registration and the lender’s mortgage registration. These steps usually happen together, often at a bank, with the judicial scrivener confirming the paperwork before money moves. The scrivener’s role is to prepare and file the registrations and verify the closing formalities."],"ja":["決済は取引が完了する日です。買主が代金の残額を払い、融資が実行され、鍵と占有が移り、司法書士が通常、所有権移転登記と金融機関の抵当権設定登記を行います。これらは多くの場合まとめて（多くは銀行で）行われ、司法書士が書類を確認してから資金が動きます。司法書士の役割は、登記を準備・申請し、決済の手続きを確認することです。"]}},{"id":"confirm","heading":{"en":"What to confirm","ja":"確認すること"},"body":{"en":["Before and at closing, confirm vacant possession (the property is empty and yours to occupy), that utilities are arranged, that taxes and fees are correctly prorated between seller and buyer, that all documents are present, and that there are no unexpected encumbrances on the title. The judicial scrivener checks the registration side, but you should satisfy yourself on possession and the financial prorations. Once the money moves and the registrations file, the home is yours — so raise any discrepancy before, not after, disbursement.","Key points to carry away: The buyer pays the balance and the lender disburses on the same day; Keys and possession transfer at closing; A judicial scrivener files the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations; Confirm vacant possession, utilities, prorated taxes/fees, and no unexpected encumbrances. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["決済の前と当日に、空き渡し（物件が空で占有できる状態）、インフラの手配、売主と買主の間で税や費用が正しく按分されていること、すべての書類が揃っていること、権利に想定外の担保がないことを確認します。司法書士は登記側を確認しますが、占有と金銭の按分は自分で納得しましょう。資金が動き登記が申請されれば住まいはあなたのものになるため、不一致は実行の後でなく前に指摘しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：買主が残代金を払い、同日に融資が実行される。決済で鍵と占有が移る。司法書士が所有権移転と抵当権設定を登記する。空き渡し・インフラ・税や費用の按分・想定外の担保がないことを確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers approaching closing","Anyone coordinating the final day"],"ja":["決済が近い買い手","最終日を調整する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for the judicial scrivener’s legal role"],"ja":["司法書士の法的役割の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["Raise any discrepancy in possession, prorations, or title before disbursement — afterward it is far harder to fix."],"ja":["占有・按分・権利の不一致は融資実行の前に指摘を。後では修正がはるかに困難です。"]},"faqs":["loan-judicial-scrivener","loan-prorate-fixed-asset"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library","moj-inheritance-registration"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["judicial-scrivener-property","property-registration-costs","after-buying-home"]},{"slug":"property-purchase-documents","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Documents needed to buy property","ja":"不動産購入に必要な書類"},"summary":{"en":"Identity, income, tax, property, contract, and source-of-funds documents.","ja":"本人確認・収入・税・物件・契約・資金の出所の書類。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Expect to provide identity and residence records, income and tax documents, property documents, the purchase contract and important-matters explanation, and — especially for foreign residents — source-of-funds evidence.","ja":"本人確認と住民票、収入と税の書類、物件書類、売買契約と重要事項説明、そして特に外国人居住者は資金の出所の証拠の提出を見込みます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Identity and residence: residence card/My Number, resident record.","Income and tax: withholding slips, tax certificates, and returns for the self-employed.","Property and contract: purchase contract, important-matters explanation, property documents.","Source of funds: evidence of the down payment, with translated overseas statements where required."],"ja":["本人確認と住民：在留カード/マイナンバー、住民票。","収入と税：源泉徴収票・課税証明、自営は確定申告。","物件と契約：売買契約・重要事項説明・物件書類。","資金の出所：頭金の証拠、必要なら翻訳した海外明細。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-set","heading":{"en":"The document set","ja":"書類一式"},"body":{"en":["Buying with a mortgage pulls together several document groups. Identity and residence: a residence card and My Number-related tax documents as requested, plus a resident record. Income and tax: withholding slips (源泉徴収票) and tax certificates for employees, and multiple years of tax returns for the self-employed. Property and contract: the purchase contract, the important-matters explanation, and the property documents. For a mortgage, add employment confirmation and insurance/health declarations for group credit life insurance."],"ja":["住宅ローンでの購入はいくつかの書類群をまとめます。本人確認と住民：求めに応じた在留カードとマイナンバー関連の税書類、住民票。収入と税：会社員は源泉徴収票と課税証明、自営は複数年の確定申告。物件と契約：売買契約・重要事項説明・物件書類。住宅ローンではさらに、在職証明と団信のための保険/健康の告知を加えます。"]}},{"id":"source-of-funds","heading":{"en":"Source of funds, especially for foreign residents","ja":"資金の出所（特に外国人居住者）"},"body":{"en":["Evidence of the down payment and its source is increasingly important, and especially so for foreign residents and anyone bringing money from abroad — expect to show translated overseas bank statements where required, and be ready to explain how the funds were accumulated. Do not borrow the down payment through undisclosed consumer credit, because undisclosed borrowing is dangerous and can cause rejection or misrepresentation concerns. Keep the documents organized and consistent with what you stated at preapproval.","Key points to carry away: Identity and residence: residence card/My Number, resident record; Income and tax: withholding slips, tax certificates, and returns for the self-employed; Property and contract: purchase contract, important-matters explanation, property documents; Source of funds: evidence of the down payment, with translated overseas statements where required. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["頭金とその出所の証拠はますます重要で、特に外国人居住者や海外から資金を持ち込む人にとってそうです。必要なら翻訳した海外の銀行明細の提示を見込み、資金をどう蓄えたか説明できるようにします。非開示の消費者信用で頭金を借りないこと。非開示の借入は危険で、否決や虚偽の懸念を招き得ます。書類を整理し、事前審査での申告と一貫させましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：本人確認と住民：在留カード/マイナンバー、住民票。収入と税：源泉徴収票・課税証明、自営は確定申告。物件と契約：売買契約・重要事項説明・物件書類。資金の出所：頭金の証拠、必要なら翻訳した海外明細。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers assembling documents","Foreign residents proving source of funds"],"ja":["書類を揃える買い手","資金の出所を証明する外国人居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["An exhaustive lender-specific checklist"],"ja":["金融機関別の網羅的なチェックリスト"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never borrow the down payment through undisclosed consumer credit; it can cause rejection or misrepresentation concerns."],"ja":["非開示の消費者信用で頭金を借りないこと。否決や虚偽の懸念を招き得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-income-documents","loan-borrow-down-payment"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library","prestia-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-income-documents","foreigners-buying-property","mortgage-document-checklist"]},{"slug":"after-buying-home","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"What to do after buying a home","ja":"家を買った後にすること"},"summary":{"en":"Tax filings, records, insurance, repairs, address changes, and defect deadlines.","ja":"税の申告・記録・保険・修繕・住所変更・瑕疵の期限。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"After moving in, file the first-year mortgage-deduction return and any other tax claims, change your address, retain the contract and cost evidence, note defect-notification deadlines, establish a repair reserve, and review insurance annually.","ja":"入居後は、初年度の住宅ローン控除など税の申告を行い、住所変更をし、契約と費用の証拠を保管し、瑕疵の通知期限を控え、修繕積立を始め、保険を毎年見直します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["File the first-year mortgage-deduction return and any other tax claims.","Change your address and update records.","Retain the contract, important-matters explanation, and cost evidence.","Note defect-notification deadlines, start a repair reserve, and review insurance annually."],"ja":["初年度の住宅ローン控除など税の申告を行う。","住所変更をし記録を更新する。","契約・重要事項説明・費用の証拠を保管する。","瑕疵の通知期限を控え、修繕積立を始め、保険を毎年見直す。"]},"sections":[{"id":"tax-and-records","heading":{"en":"Tax filings and records","ja":"税の申告と記録"},"body":{"en":["The mortgage tax deduction generally requires a tax return in the first year of the claim, so file it — the credit is based on your qualifying year-end mortgage balance and is not automatic. Change your address on your resident record and with utilities, banks, and the lender. Retain the purchase contract, the important-matters explanation, invoices, registrations, loan records, and any renovation evidence; you will need this cost evidence later for capital-gains basis if you sell and for warranty or defect claims."],"ja":["住宅ローン控除は通常、初年度に確定申告が必要なので申告します。控除は年末の適格なローン残高に基づき、自動ではありません。住民票・公共料金・銀行・金融機関で住所を変更します。売買契約・重要事項説明・請求書・登記・ローン記録・リフォームの証拠を保管しましょう。この費用の証拠は、後で売却時の譲渡所得の取得費や、保証・瑕疵の請求に必要になります。"]}},{"id":"maintenance-insurance","heading":{"en":"Defects, reserves, and insurance","ja":"瑕疵・積立・保険"},"body":{"en":["Check the defect-notification deadlines in your contract — for both new and used homes there are periods within which you must notify the seller of qualifying defects, and missing them can forfeit protection. Establish a repair reserve: a condominium collects one, but a house owner must self-fund an equivalent for roof, exterior, equipment, and structure. Review your fire and earthquake insurance annually, and remember earthquake cover is separate from fire cover and capped. These early habits protect the largest purchase of your life.","Key points to carry away: File the first-year mortgage-deduction return and any other tax claims; Change your address and update records; Retain the contract, important-matters explanation, and cost evidence; Note defect-notification deadlines, start a repair reserve, and review insurance annually. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["契約の瑕疵通知期限を確認します。新築・中古とも、適格な瑕疵を売主に通知すべき期間があり、逃すと保護を失い得ます。修繕積立を始めましょう。マンションは組合が集めますが、一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・設備・構造のために同等を自己資金で用意します。火災・地震保険を毎年見直し、地震保険は火災保険と別建てで上限があることを覚えておきましょう。これらの早い習慣が、人生最大の買い物を守ります。","押さえておきたい要点：初年度の住宅ローン控除など税の申告を行う。住所変更をし記録を更新する。契約・重要事項説明・費用の証拠を保管する。瑕疵の通知期限を控え、修繕積立を始め、保険を毎年見直す。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["New homeowners","Anyone setting up post-purchase habits"],"ja":["新しい自宅所有者","購入後の習慣を整える人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Detailed tax-filing instructions"],"ja":["詳細な確定申告の手順"]},"warnings":{"en":["Missing a defect-notification deadline can forfeit your protection; note the dates in your contract."],"ja":["瑕疵通知の期限を逃すと保護を失い得ます。契約の日付を控えましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-file-first-year","loan-records-keep"],"sources":["nta-mortgage-deduction","gia-earthquake"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-tax-deduction","property-defects-warranties","homeownership-japan","home-fire-earthquake-insurance"]},{"slug":"evaluating-used-property","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How to evaluate a used home","ja":"中古住宅を評価する"},"summary":{"en":"Structure, age, defects, inspection, renovations, and legal compliance.","ja":"構造・築年・瑕疵・検査・改装・法適合。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Assess the earthquake standard, structural condition, maintenance history, defects, hazard exposure, legal compliance, and resale liquidity — old does not automatically mean bad, and a fresh renovation can hide deferred structural work.","ja":"耐震基準・構造の状態・維持履歴・瑕疵・災害リスク・法適合・売却の流動性を評価します。古い＝悪いとは限らず、新しい改装が先送りの構造工事を隠し得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Check the earthquake standard, structure, and maintenance history.","Commission an independent inspection; a fresh finish can hide deferred work.","Confirm legal compliance — rebuildability, road frontage, and setbacks.","Assess hazard exposure and realistic resale liquidity."],"ja":["耐震基準・構造・維持履歴を確認する。","独立した検査を依頼する。新しい仕上げが先送り工事を隠し得る。","法適合（再建築可否・接道・セットバック）を確認する。","災害リスクと現実的な売却の流動性を評価する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-to-assess","heading":{"en":"What to assess in a used home","ja":"中古住宅で評価すること"},"body":{"en":["A used home is not automatically riskier than a new one, but it needs evaluation across several dimensions: the earthquake standard (commonly associated with permits from June 1, 1981, though building-specific structure, retrofit, foundation, soil, and maintenance still matter), the structural condition and maintenance history, defects, hazard exposure, legal compliance, and resale liquidity. A lower price than a new home is the reward for taking on a known building whose history you can inspect — the risk is in what you fail to check."],"ja":["中古住宅は新築より自動的に危険というわけではありませんが、複数の観点で評価が必要です。耐震基準（一般に1981年6月1日以降の許可と関連づけられますが、建物固有の構造・改修・基礎・地盤・維持も重要）、構造の状態と維持履歴、瑕疵、災害リスク、法適合、売却の流動性です。新築より低い価格は、履歴を確認できる既知の建物を引き受ける報酬です。リスクは確認し損ねたものにあります。"]}},{"id":"inspection-and-legality","heading":{"en":"Inspection and legal compliance","ja":"検査と法適合"},"body":{"en":["Commission an independent qualified inspector where practical, and do not waive an inspection because a building looks renovated — a fresh finish can hide deferred structural work. Confirm legal compliance separately: whether the property is rebuildable, has adequate road frontage, meets setbacks, and complies with current zoning. A non-rebuildable (再建築不可) property is much cheaper but carries severe finance, insurance, renovation, and resale limitations. Verify these facts in the important-matters explanation and with the relevant office rather than trusting the listing.","Key points to carry away: Check the earthquake standard, structure, and maintenance history; Commission an independent inspection; a fresh finish can hide deferred work; Confirm legal compliance — rebuildability, road frontage, and setbacks; Assess hazard exposure and realistic resale liquidity. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["可能なら独立した有資格の検査人に依頼し、改装済みに見えるからと検査を省かないこと。新しい仕上げが先送りの構造工事を隠し得ます。法適合は別途確認します。再建築可能か、十分な接道があるか、セットバックを満たすか、現行の用途地域に適合するか。再建築不可の物件ははるかに安いものの、融資・保険・改装・売却の重大な制約を伴います。これらは掲載を信じず、重要事項説明と関係窓口で確認しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：耐震基準・構造・維持履歴を確認する。独立した検査を依頼する。新しい仕上げが先送り工事を隠し得る。法適合（再建築可否・接道・セットバック）を確認する。災害リスクと現実的な売却の流動性を評価する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Used-home buyers","Anyone assessing a renovated property"],"ja":["中古住宅の買い手","改装済み物件を評価する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A structural engineer’s report"],"ja":["構造技術者の報告"]},"warnings":{"en":["A fresh renovation can hide deferred structural work; inspect and confirm rebuildability before buying."],"ja":["新しい改装が先送りの構造工事を隠し得ます。購入前に検査し再建築可否を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-avoid-pre-1981","loan-inspection-guarantee"],"sources":["mlit-inspection","mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["earthquake-standards","home-inspections","non-rebuildable-property","property-defects-warranties"]},{"slug":"evaluating-condominium","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How to evaluate a condominium","ja":"マンションを評価する"},"summary":{"en":"Reserve fund, management, arrears, minutes, major repairs, and litigation.","ja":"修繕積立金・管理・滞納・議事録・大規模修繕・訴訟。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A condominium is only as sound as its association: check the reserve balance and funding method, arrears, the long-term repair plan and meeting minutes, planned major work, insurance, and any litigation — a low monthly fee that underfunds the reserve is a future special assessment.","ja":"マンションは管理組合次第です。積立残高と積立方法・滞納・長期修繕計画と議事録・予定される大規模工事・保険・訴訟を確認します。積立を不足させる安い月費用は将来の一時金です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Check the reserve balance, funding method, and whether it uses a steep step-up schedule.","Review arrears, association borrowing, and the long-term repair plan.","Read the meeting minutes for disputes, planned work, and governance.","A low monthly fee that underfunds the reserve is a future special assessment."],"ja":["積立残高・積立方法・急な段階増額かを確認する。","滞納・組合借入・長期修繕計画を確認する。","議事録で紛争・予定工事・運営を読む。","積立を不足させる安い月費用は将来の一時金。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-association","heading":{"en":"You are buying into an association","ja":"組合に加わるということ"},"body":{"en":["When you buy a condominium you buy into its association’s finances and governance, so inspect them as carefully as the unit. Check the reserve (修繕積立金) balance per square meter and the current monthly reserve, the funding method (even or sharply escalating), the long-term (30-year-plus) repair plan and its update date, the estimated next major work and any funding gap, owner arrears, association borrowing, the management-fee trend, and the concentration of commercial or absentee ownership. MLIT specifically encourages moving from step-up reserve structures toward more even funding."],"ja":["マンションを買うことは、その組合の財務と運営に加わることなので、住戸と同じくらい丁寧に確認します。㎡あたりの修繕積立金残高と現行の月額積立、積立方法（均等か急な逓増か）、長期（30年以上）修繕計画とその更新日、次の大規模工事の見込みと不足額、所有者の滞納、組合の借入、管理費の推移、商業・不在所有の集中を確認します。国交省は段階増額から均等な積立への移行を特に推奨しています。"]}},{"id":"minutes-and-work","heading":{"en":"Minutes, litigation, and planned work","ja":"議事録・訴訟・予定工事"},"body":{"en":["Read the meeting minutes: they reveal unresolved disputes, unpopular decisions, meeting attendance, and the true state of governance. Check insurance and earthquake coverage, and any unresolved litigation. Look at planned elevator, pipe, façade, and seismic work, because those are the large costs that will hit the reserve. A low current monthly fee should not score positively if it creates future special assessments — a well-funded association with a credible plan is worth more than a cheap fee that hides a shortfall.","Key points to carry away: Check the reserve balance, funding method, and whether it uses a steep step-up schedule; Review arrears, association borrowing, and the long-term repair plan; Read the meeting minutes for disputes, planned work, and governance; A low monthly fee that underfunds the reserve is a future special assessment. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["議事録を読みましょう。未解決の紛争・不評な決定・出席状況・運営の実態が分かります。保険と地震保障、未解決の訴訟を確認します。予定されるエレベーター・配管・外壁・耐震の工事を見ます。これらが積立を直撃する大きな費用だからです。将来の一時金を生むなら、今の安い月費用を良いと評価すべきではありません。信頼できる計画を持つ十分な積立の組合は、不足を隠す安い費用より価値があります。","押さえておきたい要点：積立残高・積立方法・急な段階増額かを確認する。滞納・組合借入・長期修繕計画を確認する。議事録で紛争・予定工事・運営を読む。積立を不足させる安い月費用は将来の一時金。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Condominium buyers","Anyone comparing building finances"],"ja":["マンションの買い手","建物の財務を比較する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for reading the actual accounts"],"ja":["実際の会計を読むことの代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["A low monthly fee is not a saving if the reserve is underfunded; it signals a future special assessment."],"ja":["積立不足なら安い月費用は節約ではありません。将来の一時金の兆候です。"]},"faqs":["loan-condo-check","loan-condo-fees","loan-repair-reserve","loan-special-assessment"],"sources":["mlit-repair-plan","mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["condo-repair-reserve","condominium-management-fees","condominium-rules","condo-financial-health"]},{"slug":"condo-repair-reserve","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Condominium repair reserves explained","ja":"マンションの修繕積立金の解説"},"summary":{"en":"Monthly contributions, step-up plans, special assessments, and the funding gap.","ja":"毎月の積立・段階増額・一時金・積立不足。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The repair reserve (修繕積立金) funds major capital works; a low current contribution under a steep step-up plan can leave a funding gap that becomes a special assessment — MLIT encourages more even funding over sharply escalating schedules.","ja":"修繕積立金は大規模修繕を賄います。急な段階増額計画の下の低い現行積立は不足を残し一時金になり得ます。国交省は急な逓増より均等な積立を推奨しています。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The repair reserve saves for long-term capital works; the management fee does not.","Step-up plans start cheap and rise sharply, risking a funding gap.","A shortfall becomes a special assessment — an extra lump-sum owner payment.","MLIT encourages moving toward more even funding."],"ja":["修繕積立金は長期の資本工事のために貯める。管理費は貯めない。","段階増額計画は安く始まり急に上がり、不足のリスクがある。","不足は一時金（追加の一括負担）になる。","国交省は均等な積立への移行を推奨する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-it-funds","heading":{"en":"What the reserve funds","ja":"積立金が賄うもの"},"body":{"en":["The repair reserve (修繕積立金) is money accumulated for major capital repairs — roof and façade, elevators, pipes, waterproofing, and seismic work. It is distinct from the management fee (管理費), which pays for ordinary operations and is not saved for the future. When you evaluate a building, look at the reserve balance per square meter and the monthly contribution: a well-funded reserve with a credible long-term plan means the big costs are being provided for, while a thin reserve means owners will have to find the money when the work comes due."],"ja":["修繕積立金は、大規模修繕（屋根・外壁・エレベーター・配管・防水・耐震工事）のために貯めるお金です。通常運営を賄い将来のために貯めない管理費とは別です。建物を評価するときは、㎡あたりの積立残高と月額を見ます。信頼できる長期計画を持つ十分な積立は大きな費用が手当てされていることを意味し、薄い積立は工事の時期に所有者がお金を工面しなければならないことを意味します。"]}},{"id":"step-up-gap","heading":{"en":"Step-up plans and the funding gap","ja":"段階増額と積立不足"},"body":{"en":["Many buildings use a step-up funding plan that starts with a low contribution and raises it sharply over time. This makes the early monthly fee look attractive, but it can create a funding gap — if the plan is not followed or costs exceed estimates, the reserve falls short and owners face a special assessment (an extra lump-sum payment) when major work is needed. MLIT specifically encourages earlier movement from step-up structures toward more even funding. When comparing buildings, treat a very low current reserve fee as a warning, not a benefit.","Key points to carry away: The repair reserve saves for long-term capital works; the management fee does not; Step-up plans start cheap and rise sharply, risking a funding gap; A shortfall becomes a special assessment — an extra lump-sum owner payment; MLIT encourages moving toward more even funding. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["多くの建物は、低い積立で始め時間とともに急に上げる段階増額計画を使います。これは初期の月費用を魅力的に見せますが、不足を生み得ます。計画どおりに進まない、または費用が見積りを超えると、積立が不足し、大規模工事が必要なときに所有者は一時金（追加の一括負担）に直面します。国交省は段階増額から均等な積立への早い移行を特に推奨しています。建物を比較するときは、極端に低い現行の積立費用を利点でなく警告と捉えましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：修繕積立金は長期の資本工事のために貯める。管理費は貯めない。段階増額計画は安く始まり急に上がり、不足のリスクがある。不足は一時金（追加の一括負担）になる。国交省は均等な積立への移行を推奨する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Condominium buyers assessing reserves","Owners planning for major work"],"ja":["積立を評価するマンション買い手","大規模工事に備える所有者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for the building’s actual repair plan"],"ja":["建物の実際の修繕計画の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["A step-up plan’s low early fee can hide a future funding gap and a special assessment."],"ja":["段階増額の低い初期費用は、将来の積立不足と一時金を隠し得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-repair-reserve","loan-reserve-rise","loan-special-assessment"],"sources":["mlit-repair-plan"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["evaluating-condominium","condominium-management-fees","condo-financial-health"]},{"slug":"earthquake-standards","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Understanding Japanese earthquake standards","ja":"日本の耐震基準を理解する"},"summary":{"en":"The 1981 transition, documentation, retrofits, and soil and structure.","ja":"1981年の移行・書類・耐震改修・地盤と構造。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The major code transition is commonly associated with permits from June 1, 1981 (\"new seismic standard\"), but that is a reference regime, not a building-specific guarantee — structure, retrofit, foundation, soil, irregularity, maintenance, and documentation all still matter.","ja":"主要な基準の移行は一般に1981年6月1日以降の許可（「新耐震基準」）と関連づけられますが、それは基準の目安であって建物固有の保証ではありません。構造・改修・基礎・地盤・不整形・維持・書類がすべて依然重要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The \"new seismic standard\" is commonly associated with permits from June 1, 1981.","It is a reference regime, not a building-specific guarantee.","Structure, retrofit history, foundation, soil, and maintenance still matter.","Do not automatically avoid all pre-1981 buildings — inspect the specifics."],"ja":["「新耐震基準」は一般に1981年6月1日以降の許可と関連づけられる。","それは基準の目安であり、建物固有の保証ではない。","構造・改修履歴・基礎・地盤・維持は依然重要。","1981年以前の建物を一律に避けない。個別に検査する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-transition","heading":{"en":"The 1981 transition","ja":"1981年の移行"},"body":{"en":["Earthquake compliance requires more than asking whether a building is \"new seismic.\" The major code transition is commonly associated with permits from June 1, 1981, and buildings permitted after that date generally reflect the newer standard. But this is a reference regime, not a guarantee for any specific building: the actual seismic performance depends on the structure, any retrofit history, the foundation, the soil, structural irregularity, maintenance, and the available documentation. A post-1981 building that was poorly maintained can be worse than a well-retrofitted older one."],"ja":["耐震適合は、建物が「新耐震」かを尋ねる以上のことを要します。主要な基準の移行は一般に1981年6月1日以降の許可と関連づけられ、その日以降に許可された建物は概ね新しい基準を反映します。しかしこれは基準の目安であり、特定の建物の保証ではありません。実際の耐震性能は、構造・改修履歴・基礎・地盤・構造の不整形・維持・入手できる書類によります。維持の悪い1981年以降の建物は、よく改修された古い建物より劣ることがあります。"]}},{"id":"inspect-specifics","heading":{"en":"Inspect the specifics","ja":"個別を検査する"},"body":{"en":["Do not automatically avoid all pre-1981 buildings; instead inspect retrofit, structure, soil, maintenance, and documentation. For a condominium, review structural reports, retrofit history, the long-term repair plan, meeting minutes, reserve balance, and any planned seismic work. For a house, consider the foundation and soil and commission an inspection. The date is a starting screen, not a verdict — the goal is to understand how this particular building would actually perform and whether any needed retrofit is planned and funded.","Key points to carry away: The \"new seismic standard\" is commonly associated with permits from June 1, 1981; It is a reference regime, not a building-specific guarantee; Structure, retrofit history, foundation, soil, and maintenance still matter; Do not automatically avoid all pre-1981 buildings — inspect the specifics. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["1981年以前の建物を一律に避けず、改修・構造・地盤・維持・書類を検査しましょう。マンションでは、構造報告・改修履歴・長期修繕計画・議事録・積立残高・予定される耐震工事を確認します。一戸建てでは、基礎と地盤を考え検査を依頼します。日付は出発点のふるいであって結論ではありません。目標は、この特定の建物が実際どう挙動するか、必要な改修が計画・資金手当てされているかを理解することです。","押さえておきたい要点：「新耐震基準」は一般に1981年6月1日以降の許可と関連づけられる。それは基準の目安であり、建物固有の保証ではない。構造・改修履歴・基礎・地盤・維持は依然重要。1981年以前の建物を一律に避けない。個別に検査する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers of older buildings","Anyone weighing seismic risk"],"ja":["古い建物の買い手","耐震リスクを検討する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A structural safety certification"],"ja":["構造安全の証明"]},"warnings":{"en":["\"New seismic standard\" is a reference date, not a building-specific guarantee; inspect the actual structure."],"ja":["「新耐震基準」は目安の日付で、建物固有の保証ではありません。実際の構造を検査しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-new-seismic","loan-avoid-pre-1981"],"sources":["mlit-repair-plan","mlit-inspection"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["evaluating-used-property","home-fire-earthquake-insurance","hazard-maps"]},{"slug":"hazard-maps","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How to use Japanese hazard maps","ja":"日本のハザードマップの使い方"},"summary":{"en":"Flood, inland flooding, tsunami, liquefaction, landslide, and their limitations.","ja":"浸水・内水氾濫・津波・液状化・土砂と、その限界。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Official hazard maps show modeled flood, inland-flood, landslide, tsunami, storm-surge, liquefaction, and active-fault exposure — use them, but they describe scenarios and do not prove an uncolored site is risk-free, so combine them with local maps and site observation.","ja":"公式のハザードマップは、モデル化された浸水・内水氾濫・土砂・津波・高潮・液状化・活断層のリスクを示します。使うべきですが、シナリオを描くものであり色のない場所が無リスクだと証明しません。地元の地図と現地観察を組み合わせましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Check flood, inland-flood, landslide, tsunami, storm-surge, and liquefaction exposure.","Hazard maps describe modeled scenarios, not guarantees.","Being outside a colored zone does not prove the site is safe.","Combine official maps with local maps and on-site observation."],"ja":["浸水・内水氾濫・土砂・津波・高潮・液状化のリスクを確認する。","ハザードマップはモデル化されたシナリオで、保証ではない。","色のない区域の外でも安全とは証明されない。","公式地図に地元の地図と現地観察を組み合わせる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-they-show","heading":{"en":"What hazard maps show","ja":"ハザードマップが示すもの"},"body":{"en":["Disaster screening should include official flood, inland-flood, landslide, tsunami, storm-surge, liquefaction, active-fault, and evacuation information. Japan’s hazard-map portals and MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library make this data accessible for a specific address, so you can see modeled exposure before you commit. Check every relevant hazard for the site, not just the most obvious one — a property away from a river can still face inland flooding, liquefaction, or landslide risk depending on the terrain."],"ja":["災害の確認には、公式の浸水・内水氾濫・土砂・津波・高潮・液状化・活断層・避難の情報を含めるべきです。日本のハザードマップポータルと国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは、特定の住所についてこのデータを利用可能にし、決める前にモデル化されたリスクを見られます。最も明白なものだけでなく、その場所に関係するすべての災害を確認しましょう。川から離れた物件でも、地形により内水氾濫・液状化・土砂のリスクに直面し得ます。"]}},{"id":"limitations","heading":{"en":"Their limitations","ja":"その限界"},"body":{"en":["Hazard maps describe modeled scenarios and do not prove that an uncolored site is risk-free — the models rest on assumptions, and real events can exceed them. Being outside a colored zone is reassuring but not a guarantee, so supplement the official maps with local maps and site observation: walk the site, note the slope and drainage, look at how water would flow in heavy rain, and ask neighbors about past flooding. Use the maps as one strong input into a broader judgment, not as the final word on safety.","Key points to carry away: Check flood, inland-flood, landslide, tsunami, storm-surge, and liquefaction exposure; Hazard maps describe modeled scenarios, not guarantees; Being outside a colored zone does not prove the site is safe; Combine official maps with local maps and on-site observation. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["ハザードマップはモデル化されたシナリオを描き、色のない場所が無リスクだと証明しません。モデルは仮定に基づき、実際の災害はそれを超え得ます。色のない区域の外にあることは安心材料ですが保証ではないため、公式地図に地元の地図と現地観察を補いましょう。敷地を歩き、傾斜と排水を確認し、大雨で水がどう流れるかを見て、過去の浸水を近隣に尋ねます。地図は、より広い判断への強力な入力の一つとして使い、安全の最終結論とはしないこと。","押さえておきたい要点：浸水・内水氾濫・土砂・津波・高潮・液状化のリスクを確認する。ハザードマップはモデル化されたシナリオで、保証ではない。色のない区域の外でも安全とは証明されない。公式地図に地元の地図と現地観察を組み合わせる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers screening disaster risk","Investors assessing a site"],"ja":["災害リスクを確認する買い手","敷地を評価する投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["A guarantee of safety"],"ja":["安全の保証"]},"warnings":{"en":["Being outside a hazard zone does not mean safe; models can be exceeded, so combine maps with site observation."],"ja":["ハザード区域の外でも安全とは限りません。モデルは超え得るため、地図と現地観察を組み合わせましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-hazard-map","loan-outside-hazard-zone"],"sources":["mlit-hazard-map","mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["choosing-property-area","earthquake-standards","home-fire-earthquake-insurance"]},{"slug":"property-land-rights","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Freehold and Japanese land rights","ja":"所有権と日本の土地の権利"},"summary":{"en":"Ownership, boundaries, roads, easements, access, and title.","ja":"所有・境界・道路・地役権・接道・権利。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Freehold (所有権) is perpetual ownership subject to law and tax, but even freehold requires diligence on boundaries, road access, easements, and title — a higher acquisition price buys ownership, not freedom from these checks.","ja":"所有権は法と税に服する永続的な所有ですが、所有権でも境界・接道・地役権・権利の確認が必要です。高い取得価格は所有を買うものであり、これらの確認からの自由ではありません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Freehold is perpetual ownership subject to law and tax.","Confirm boundaries, road frontage, easements, and access even for freehold.","Road frontage and setbacks affect rebuildability and value.","Verify the title and registered rights before purchase."],"ja":["所有権は法と税に服する永続的な所有。","所有権でも境界・接道・地役権・アクセスを確認する。","接道とセットバックは再建築可否と価値に影響する。","購入前に権利と登記された権利関係を確認する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-freehold-is","heading":{"en":"What freehold gives you","ja":"所有権が与えるもの"},"body":{"en":["Freehold (所有権) is ownership of the land without a fixed land-lease expiry, subject to law and tax — the conventional, financeable form that most buyers want. It carries a higher acquisition price than leasehold, but it is far easier to finance and resell. Freehold is the default because a lender and a future buyer both find it straightforward, and it does not carry the ground rent, consent, and renewal complications of a land lease."],"ja":["所有権は、固定された借地の期限がなく、法と税に服する土地の所有で、多くの買い手が望む一般的で融資可能な形です。借地権より取得価格は高いものの、融資も売却もはるかに容易です。所有権が既定なのは、貸し手も将来の買い手も分かりやすく、借地の地代・承諾・更新の複雑さがないからです。"]}},{"id":"still-do-diligence","heading":{"en":"Freehold still needs diligence","ja":"所有権でも確認は必要"},"body":{"en":["A higher price buys ownership, not freedom from checks. Even for freehold, confirm the boundaries (a boundary dispute or an unconfirmed survey can block a sale), the road frontage and setbacks (which affect whether you can rebuild and the value), any easements or rights of way over or under the land, and the registered title. These are exactly the issues the important-matters explanation should cover, and they are where a superficially simple purchase can hide a real problem. Verify them before you buy rather than after.","Key points to carry away: Freehold is perpetual ownership subject to law and tax; Confirm boundaries, road frontage, easements, and access even for freehold; Road frontage and setbacks affect rebuildability and value; Verify the title and registered rights before purchase. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["高い価格は所有を買うのであり、確認からの自由を買うのではありません。所有権でも、境界（境界紛争や未確定の測量は売却を妨げ得る）、接道とセットバック（再建築可否と価値に影響）、土地の上下の地役権や通行権、登記された権利を確認します。これらはまさに重要事項説明が扱うべき問題で、表面的に単純な購入が実際の問題を隠し得る場所です。買った後でなく買う前に確認しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：所有権は法と税に服する永続的な所有。所有権でも境界・接道・地役権・アクセスを確認する。接道とセットバックは再建築可否と価値に影響する。購入前に権利と登記された権利関係を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers of freehold land or houses","Anyone checking boundaries and access"],"ja":["所有権の土地や一戸建ての買い手","境界とアクセスを確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A land survey substitute"],"ja":["土地測量の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["Freehold still needs boundary, road-frontage, and title checks; an unconfirmed boundary can block a future sale."],"ja":["所有権でも境界・接道・権利の確認が必要です。未確定の境界は将来の売却を妨げ得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-freehold"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["freehold-vs-leasehold","leasehold-property","non-rebuildable-property"]},{"slug":"leasehold-property","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Leasehold property in Japan","ja":"日本の借地権付き物件"},"summary":{"en":"Old-law and fixed-term rights, ground rent, consent, finance, and resale.","ja":"旧法・定期の権利、地代、承諾、融資、売却。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Leasehold (借地権) is a right to use land owned by another; it lowers the entry price but adds ground rent, consent for renewal/rebuild/transfer, and finance and resale constraints — old-law and fixed-term leaseholds behave very differently, so get specialist review.","ja":"借地権は他人が所有する土地を使う権利です。取得価格を下げる一方、地代・更新/建替/譲渡の承諾・融資と売却の制約を加えます。旧法借地と定期借地は大きく異なるため、専門家の確認を受けましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Leasehold is a right to use land owned by another person.","You pay ground rent and typically need consent to renew, rebuild, or transfer.","Old-law leaseholds may carry strong protections but complex valuation.","Fixed-term leaseholds end after a defined term and lose value as it shortens."],"ja":["借地権は他人が所有する土地を使う権利。","地代を払い、更新・建替・譲渡に通常は承諾が必要。","旧法借地は強い保護を持ち得るが評価が複雑。","定期借地は定めた期間で終わり、短くなるほど価値を失う。"]},"sections":[{"id":"types","heading":{"en":"Old-law and fixed-term leaseholds","ja":"旧法借地と定期借地"},"body":{"en":["Leasehold (借地権) can lower the entry price in some locations, but it is a right to use land someone else owns, so you pay ground rent and typically need the landowner’s consent to renew, rebuild, or transfer. There are very different types: old-law leaseholds may carry potentially strong tenant protections but complex valuation and landlord-consent issues, while fixed-term leaseholds (定期借地権) end after a defined term, and the declining remaining term can impair value and financing as the end approaches."],"ja":["借地権は立地によっては取得価格を下げますが、他人が所有する土地を使う権利なので、地代を払い、更新・建替・譲渡に通常は地主の承諾が必要です。種類は大きく異なります。旧法借地は強い借地人保護を持ち得ますが評価と地主承諾の問題が複雑で、定期借地権は定めた期間で終わり、終期が近づくにつれ残存期間の短縮が価値と融資を損ないます。"]}},{"id":"finance-resale","heading":{"en":"Finance, resale, and specialist review","ja":"融資・売却・専門家の確認"},"body":{"en":["The practical risks of leasehold are in financing and resale. A lender may be reluctant to finance a leasehold, especially a fixed-term one with a short remaining term, and a future buyer will weigh the same issues you should — the ground rent, the consent terms, the remaining term, and financeability. Never buy a leasehold property without specialist review of these fine-print terms. The listing price advantage is real, but so are the constraints, and they are in the land-lease agreement rather than the headline number.","Key points to carry away: Leasehold is a right to use land owned by another person; You pay ground rent and typically need consent to renew, rebuild, or transfer; Old-law leaseholds may carry strong protections but complex valuation; Fixed-term leaseholds end after a defined term and lose value as it shortens. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["借地権の実務的なリスクは融資と売却にあります。貸し手は借地権、特に残存期間の短い定期借地の融資に慎重なことがあり、将来の買い手もあなたが検討すべき同じ問題（地代・承諾条件・残存期間・融資可否）を検討します。これらの細部の条件の専門家確認なしに借地権を買わないこと。掲載価格の利点は本物ですが制約も本物で、それは表面の数字でなく借地契約の中にあります。","押さえておきたい要点：借地権は他人が所有する土地を使う権利。地代を払い、更新・建替・譲渡に通常は承諾が必要。旧法借地は強い保護を持ち得るが評価が複雑。定期借地は定めた期間で終わり、短くなるほど価値を失う。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers considering a leasehold","Anyone weighing a lower entry price"],"ja":["借地権を検討する買い手","低い取得価格を検討する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Buyers wanting the simplest financing and resale"],"ja":["最も単純な融資と売却を望む買い手"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never buy a leasehold without specialist review; a short remaining fixed term impairs value and financing."],"ja":["専門家の確認なしに借地権を買わないこと。定期借地の残存期間が短いと価値と融資が損なわれます。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-leasehold","loan-leasehold-bad","loan-fixed-term-leasehold"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["freehold-vs-leasehold","property-land-rights","non-rebuildable-property"]},{"slug":"non-rebuildable-property","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Non-rebuildable property","ja":"再建築不可物件"},"summary":{"en":"Road frontage, finance, insurance, renovation, resale, and demolition.","ja":"接道・融資・保険・改装・売却・解体。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A non-rebuildable property (再建築不可) cannot ordinarily receive permission for a replacement building under current access or planning rules; it is cheap, but mainstream finance is difficult, LTV is low, and renovation, insurance, and resale are all constrained.","ja":"再建築不可物件は、現在の接道や都市計画のルールの下で建て替えの許可を通常受けられません。安いものの、主流の融資は難しく、LTVは低く、改装・保険・売却がいずれも制約されます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["It cannot ordinarily be replaced under current road-frontage or planning rules.","Mainstream finance is difficult and LTV is often low.","Renovation, insurance, and resale are all constrained.","The low price reflects severe, lasting limitations — get specialist review."],"ja":["現行の接道・都市計画のルールでは通常建て替えられない。","主流の融資は難しく、LTVは低いことが多い。","改装・保険・売却がいずれも制約される。","低価格は重大で持続する制約を映す。専門家の確認を。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-it-is","heading":{"en":"What non-rebuildable means","ja":"再建築不可とは"},"body":{"en":["A non-rebuildable property (再建築不可) is one that cannot ordinarily receive permission for a replacement building under current access or planning rules — most often because it lacks adequate road frontage (the site does not meet the required width of frontage to a legal road). The existing building can usually be used and repaired, but if it is demolished or destroyed, you generally cannot build a new one. That single fact drives everything else about the property’s risk and value."],"ja":["再建築不可物件は、現行の接道や都市計画のルールの下で建て替えの許可を通常受けられない物件で、多くは十分な接道がない（敷地が法定道路への必要な間口幅を満たさない）ためです。既存の建物は通常使用・修繕できますが、解体・滅失すると新築は概ねできません。この一つの事実が、物件のリスクと価値のすべてを左右します。"]}},{"id":"the-limitations","heading":{"en":"Severe finance, insurance, and resale limits","ja":"重大な融資・保険・売却の制約"},"body":{"en":["The low price of a non-rebuildable property reflects severe, lasting limitations. Mainstream mortgage finance is difficult and LTV is often low, because a lender’s collateral cannot be rebuilt. Insurance and renovation are constrained, and resale is hard because a future buyer faces the same problems. Do not buy a non-rebuildable property without specialist review — occasionally there are ways to improve access or the site’s status, but they are complex and uncertain, and the default assumption should be that the limitations are permanent.","Key points to carry away: It cannot ordinarily be replaced under current road-frontage or planning rules; Mainstream finance is difficult and LTV is often low; Renovation, insurance, and resale are all constrained; The low price reflects severe, lasting limitations — get specialist review. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["再建築不可物件の低価格は、重大で持続する制約を映します。貸し手の担保が再建できないため、主流の住宅ローン融資は難しくLTVも低いことが多いです。保険と改装が制約され、将来の買い手が同じ問題に直面するため売却も困難です。専門家の確認なしに再建築不可物件を買わないこと。接道や敷地の状況を改善する方法がまれにありますが、複雑で不確実で、既定の前提は制約が恒久的であることとすべきです。","押さえておきたい要点：現行の接道・都市計画のルールでは通常建て替えられない。主流の融資は難しく、LTVは低いことが多い。改装・保険・売却がいずれも制約される。低価格は重大で持続する制約を映す。専門家の確認を。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers tempted by a very low price","Anyone checking road frontage"],"ja":["非常に低い価格に惹かれる買い手","接道を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Buyers needing mainstream financing"],"ja":["主流の融資が必要な買い手"]},"warnings":{"en":["Assume the limitations are permanent; do not buy a non-rebuildable property without specialist review."],"ja":["制約は恒久的と想定を。専門家の確認なしに再建築不可物件を買わないこと。"]},"faqs":["loan-non-rebuildable","loan-mortgage-non-rebuildable"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["leasehold-property","property-land-rights","akiya-vacant-homes"]},{"slug":"akiya-vacant-homes","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Vacant homes and akiya","ja":"空き家（アキヤ）"},"summary":{"en":"Title, utilities, access, defects, renovation, and local demand.","ja":"権利・インフラ・接道・瑕疵・改装・地域需要。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Japan had around nine million vacant homes (a 13.8% vacancy rate) in the 2023 survey, but that is not nine million bargains — many sit in weak-demand locations with title, access, or structural issues, and renovation can exceed the price.","ja":"2023年の調査で日本の空き家は約900万戸（空き家率13.8%）でしたが、900万件の掘り出し物ではありません。多くは需要の弱い立地で権利・接道・構造に問題があり、改装費が価格を超え得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["About nine million vacant homes (13.8% vacancy) in the 2023 Housing and Land Survey.","Many are in weak-demand locations with title, access, or structural issues.","Renovation of an old vacant house can cost more than the purchase price.","Do full title, access, structure, utilities, and demand diligence before buying."],"ja":["2023年住宅・土地統計調査で空き家は約900万戸（空き家率13.8%）。","多くは需要の弱い立地で権利・接道・構造に問題がある。","古い空き家の改装費は購入価格を超え得る。","購入前に権利・接道・構造・インフラ・需要を十分に調べる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"not-bargains","heading":{"en":"Nine million homes, not nine million bargains","ja":"900万戸だが900万件の掘り出し物ではない"},"body":{"en":["Japan had approximately nine million vacant homes and a 13.8% vacancy rate in the 2023 Housing and Land Survey. That headline attracts bargain-hunters, but it does not mean nine million viable investment bargains: many vacant homes are in weak-demand locations, have title, access, or structural issues, or require uneconomic renovation. A cheap or free akiya (空き家) can become expensive once you account for what it takes to make it habitable and sellable."],"ja":["2023年の住宅・土地統計調査で、日本の空き家は約900万戸、空き家率は13.8%でした。この見出しは掘り出し物を探す人を惹きますが、900万件の実行可能な投資機会を意味しません。多くの空き家は需要の弱い立地にあり、権利・接道・構造の問題を抱え、または採算の合わない改装を要します。安い、または無料の空き家も、住めて売れる状態にする費用を数えると高くつき得ます。"]}},{"id":"diligence","heading":{"en":"Diligence before buying an akiya","ja":"空き家を買う前の確認"},"body":{"en":["Before buying an empty house, do full diligence on the title (heirs and unclear ownership are common), access (road frontage and rebuildability), the structure, utilities (water, drainage, and septic can be costly), renovation scope, and local demand. Hidden structural, roof, plumbing, septic, and disposal work can exceed the price, and resale can be slow or impossible in a shrinking area. An akiya can be a genuine opportunity for the right buyer in the right location, but only after this diligence — not on the strength of a low price alone.","Key points to carry away: About nine million vacant homes (13.8% vacancy) in the 2023 Housing and Land Survey; Many are in weak-demand locations with title, access, or structural issues; Renovation of an old vacant house can cost more than the purchase price; Do full title, access, structure, utilities, and demand diligence before buying. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["空き家を買う前に、権利（相続人や不明確な所有はよくある）、接道（間口と再建築可否）、構造、インフラ（水道・排水・浄化槽は高額になり得る）、改装の範囲、地域需要を十分に確認します。隠れた構造・屋根・配管・浄化槽・処分の工事が価格を超え得、縮小する地域では売却が遅い、または不可能なこともあります。空き家は、適切な立地の適切な買い手には本物の機会になり得ますが、それはこの確認の後であり、低価格だけを頼りにするものではありません。","押さえておきたい要点：2023年住宅・土地統計調査で空き家は約900万戸（空き家率13.8%）。多くは需要の弱い立地で権利・接道・構造に問題がある。古い空き家の改装費は購入価格を超え得る。購入前に権利・接道・構造・インフラ・需要を十分に調べる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers considering an akiya","Renovation-minded investors"],"ja":["空き家を検討する買い手","改装志向の投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["Buyers expecting an easy, cheap flip"],"ja":["簡単で安い転売を期待する買い手"]},"warnings":{"en":["Renovating an old vacant house can cost more than the price; resale in a shrinking area can be slow or impossible."],"ja":["古い空き家の改装費は価格を超え得、縮小地域での売却は遅い・不可能なことがあります。"]},"faqs":["loan-vacant-house","loan-vacant-cheap-renovate","loan-resale-difficult"],"sources":["stat-housing-survey","mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["non-rebuildable-property","renovation-costs-financing","property-resale-value"]},{"slug":"stigmatized-property","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Stigmatized property","ja":"心理的瑕疵物件"},"summary":{"en":"Disclosure, valuation, rentals, resale, and verification.","ja":"告知・評価・賃貸・売却・確認。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A stigmatized property (心理的瑕疵物件) is associated with a material psychological event or circumstance; it may sell at a discount, but disclosure disputes, tenant and resale resistance, and reputational risk mean you should verify the facts and disclosure rules carefully.","ja":"心理的瑕疵物件は、重大な心理的な出来事や事情に関連する物件です。割引で売られ得ますが、告知の紛争・入居や売却の抵抗・評判リスクがあるため、事実と告知ルールを丁寧に確認すべきです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Associated with a material psychological event or circumstance.","May sell at a discount, but carries disclosure and resale risk.","Disclosure depends on facts, timing, transaction, and legal guidance.","Verify the facts and the disclosure obligations before buying."],"ja":["重大な心理的な出来事や事情に関連する。","割引で売られ得るが、告知と売却のリスクを伴う。","告知は事実・時期・取引・法的指針による。","購入前に事実と告知義務を確認する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-it-is","heading":{"en":"What a stigmatized property is","ja":"心理的瑕疵物件とは"},"body":{"en":["A stigmatized property (心理的瑕疵物件) is one associated with a material psychological event or circumstance affecting transactions — the kind of history that can make tenants or buyers hesitate regardless of the physical condition. Such a property may carry a price discount, which attracts some buyers and investors, but the discount exists precisely because the stigma affects demand, rentability, and resale."],"ja":["心理的瑕疵物件は、取引に影響する重大な心理的な出来事や事情に関連する物件で、物理的な状態にかかわらず入居者や買い手が躊躇し得る種類の履歴を持ちます。こうした物件は価格の割引を伴い得、一部の買い手や投資家を惹きますが、割引はまさにその心理的要因が需要・賃貸のしやすさ・売却に影響するから存在します。"]}},{"id":"disclosure-and-verification","heading":{"en":"Disclosure and verification","ja":"告知と確認"},"body":{"en":["Disclosure obligations depend on the facts, the timing, the type of transaction, and legal guidance, and not every past event must be disclosed forever — the rules are nuanced. That nuance is exactly why you should verify the facts and the applicable disclosure obligations carefully, ideally with professional advice, rather than relying on an agent’s summary. Weigh the discount against disclosure disputes, tenant and resale resistance, and reputational risk, and remember that what discounts the price for you will also discount it for your future buyer.","Key points to carry away: Associated with a material psychological event or circumstance; May sell at a discount, but carries disclosure and resale risk; Disclosure depends on facts, timing, transaction, and legal guidance; Verify the facts and the disclosure obligations before buying. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["告知義務は、事実・時期・取引の種類・法的指針によって決まり、すべての過去の出来事を永久に告知しなければならないわけではありません。ルールは微妙です。その微妙さこそが、仲介の要約に頼らず、理想的には専門家の助言を得て、事実と適用される告知義務を丁寧に確認すべき理由です。割引を、告知の紛争・入居や売却の抵抗・評判リスクと天秤にかけ、あなたにとって価格を下げるものは将来の買い手にとっても価格を下げることを覚えておきましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：重大な心理的な出来事や事情に関連する。割引で売られ得るが、告知と売却のリスクを伴う。告知は事実・時期・取引・法的指針による。購入前に事実と告知義務を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers considering a discounted stigmatized property","Investors weighing rentability"],"ja":["割引された心理的瑕疵物件を検討する買い手","賃貸のしやすさを検討する投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["A legal opinion on disclosure duties"],"ja":["告知義務の法的意見"]},"warnings":{"en":["What discounts the price for you also discounts it for your future buyer; verify disclosure duties before buying."],"ja":["あなたに割引をもたらすものは将来の買い手にも割引をもたらします。購入前に告知義務を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-stigmatized","loan-disclose-forever"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-defects-warranties","property-resale-value"]},{"slug":"property-defects-warranties","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Property defects and warranties","ja":"物件の瑕疵と契約不適合責任"},"summary":{"en":"New and used protections, contract terms, inspections, and notification periods.","ja":"新築・中古の保護、契約条項、検査、通知期間。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"New and used homes carry different defect protections under contract and law; the treatment, notification periods, and remedies are set by the contract and applicable rules, so read the terms, inspect, and note the deadlines within which you must notify a defect.","ja":"新築と中古では、契約と法の下で瑕疵の保護が異なります。扱い・通知期間・救済は契約と適用ルールで決まるため、条項を読み、検査し、瑕疵を通知すべき期限を控えましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["New and used homes have different defect protections.","The treatment and remedies are set by the contract and applicable rules.","There are notification periods within which you must report a qualifying defect.","Inspect before purchase; defect insurance covers specified qualifying defects."],"ja":["新築と中古で瑕疵の保護は異なる。","扱いと救済は契約と適用ルールで決まる。","適格な瑕疵を報告すべき通知期間がある。","購入前に検査する。瑕疵保険は所定の適格な瑕疵を補償する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"new-vs-used","heading":{"en":"New and used treatment","ja":"新築と中古の扱い"},"body":{"en":["Defect protections differ between new and used homes. New homes generally carry stronger statutory and contractual protections for specified structural elements, while used-home protections are more limited and depend heavily on the contract terms. In both cases, the treatment of defects (契約不適合責任, the seller’s liability for non-conformity) is set by the contract and applicable rules, so read exactly what is covered, for how long, and what remedy — repair, price reduction, or cancellation — applies."],"ja":["瑕疵の保護は新築と中古で異なります。新築は概ね所定の構造部分について、より強い法定・契約上の保護を持ち、中古の保護はより限定的で契約条項に大きく依存します。いずれの場合も、瑕疵の扱い（契約不適合責任、売主の不適合に対する責任）は契約と適用ルールで決まるため、何が、どれだけの期間、どの救済（修補・代金減額・解除）で対象かを正確に読みましょう。"]}},{"id":"inspect-and-notify","heading":{"en":"Inspect and mind the deadlines","ja":"検査と期限に注意"},"body":{"en":["Inspect before purchase — an inspection reduces the risk of buying a defect you did not know about, though it does not guarantee no hidden defects. Defect insurance covers specified qualifying defects under defined conditions and can add protection. Crucially, there are notification periods within which you must report a qualifying defect to the seller; missing them can forfeit your remedy. Note these deadlines in your records after closing and act promptly if a problem appears, because the protection is time-limited.","Key points to carry away: New and used homes have different defect protections; The treatment and remedies are set by the contract and applicable rules; There are notification periods within which you must report a qualifying defect; Inspect before purchase; defect insurance covers specified qualifying defects. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["購入前に検査しましょう。検査は知らずに瑕疵を買うリスクを減らしますが、隠れた瑕疵がないことは保証しません。瑕疵保険は定められた条件の下で所定の適格な瑕疵を補償し、保護を加え得ます。重要なのは、適格な瑕疵を売主に報告すべき通知期間があることです。逃すと救済を失い得ます。決済後にこれらの期限を記録に控え、問題が現れたら速やかに対応しましょう。保護には期限があります。","押さえておきたい要点：新築と中古で瑕疵の保護は異なる。扱いと救済は契約と適用ルールで決まる。適格な瑕疵を報告すべき通知期間がある。購入前に検査する。瑕疵保険は所定の適格な瑕疵を補償する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["New and used-home buyers","Owners who discover a defect"],"ja":["新築・中古の買い手","瑕疵を見つけた所有者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A legal opinion on a specific defect claim"],"ja":["特定の瑕疵請求の法的意見"]},"warnings":{"en":["Defect protection is time-limited; missing a notification deadline can forfeit your remedy."],"ja":["瑕疵の保護には期限があります。通知期限を逃すと救済を失い得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-defect-insurance","loan-inspection-guarantee"],"sources":["mlit-inspection","mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["home-inspections","evaluating-used-property","new-vs-used-property","after-buying-home"]},{"slug":"property-resale-value","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Property resale value in Japan","ja":"日本の不動産の売却価値"},"summary":{"en":"Land share, age, station, liquidity, layout, management, and demographics.","ja":"土地の持分・築年・駅・流動性・間取り・管理・人口動態。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Resale value depends on the land share, building age, station distance, liquidity, layout, management quality, and local demographics — many buildings depreciate in market practice, so estimate resale from transaction comparables and future buyer financeability, not from your purchase price.","ja":"売却価値は、土地の持分・築年・駅距離・流動性・間取り・管理の質・地域の人口動態によります。多くの建物は市場慣行で減価するため、購入価格でなく取引事例と将来の買い手の融資可否から売却額を見積もります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Land share, station distance, and liquidity strongly affect resale.","Buildings may depreciate heavily in market practice; land and location vary the outcome.","Management quality and demographics matter for a condominium’s resale.","Estimate resale from transaction comparables and future financeability."],"ja":["土地の持分・駅距離・流動性が売却に強く影響する。","建物は市場慣行で大きく減価し得る。土地と立地で結果が変わる。","マンションの売却には管理の質と人口動態が効く。","取引事例と将来の融資可否から売却額を見積もる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-drives-resale","heading":{"en":"What drives resale value","ja":"売却価値を左右するもの"},"body":{"en":["Resale value is driven by the land share, building age, station distance, liquidity, layout, management quality, and local demographics. In Japanese market practice, buildings may be heavily depreciated over time, but land, location, and building quality create varied outcomes — a prime-area property with a strong land component behaves very differently from an aging building in a shrinking area. Station distance strongly affects convenience, tenant demand, and resale depth in many markets, so proximity to transport is often decisive."],"ja":["売却価値は、土地の持分・築年・駅距離・流動性・間取り・管理の質・地域の人口動態で決まります。日本の市場慣行では建物は時間とともに大きく減価し得ますが、土地・立地・建物の質が結果を多様にします。強い土地部分を持つ優良地の物件は、縮小地域の老朽建物とは大きく異なる挙動をします。駅距離は多くの市場で利便・入居需要・売却の厚みに強く影響するため、交通の近さがしばしば決定的です。"]}},{"id":"estimate-from-comparables","heading":{"en":"Estimate from comparables, not your price","ja":"購入価格でなく事例から見積もる"},"body":{"en":["Do not assume you can sell for what you paid. Estimate resale value from transaction comparables (MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library and REINS market data), the land share, the building condition and tenure, and — importantly — whether a future buyer will be able to finance it. A property that a lender will not finance, or one in a demographically declining area, takes longer to sell and may sell for less. For a condominium, strong association finances and management add resale value; a weak, underfunded building subtracts it.","Key points to carry away: Land share, station distance, and liquidity strongly affect resale; Buildings may depreciate heavily in market practice; land and location vary the outcome; Management quality and demographics matter for a condominium’s resale; Estimate resale from transaction comparables and future financeability. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["払った額で売れると仮定しないこと。売却価値は、取引事例（国交省の不動産情報ライブラリとREINSの市場情報）・土地の持分・建物の状態と権利、そして重要なこととして将来の買い手が融資を受けられるかから見積もります。貸し手が融資しない物件や人口動態が衰退する地域の物件は、売却に時間がかかり安く売れ得ます。マンションでは、強い組合財務と管理が売却価値を加え、弱く積立不足の建物はそれを減じます。","押さえておきたい要点：土地の持分・駅距離・流動性が売却に強く影響する。建物は市場慣行で大きく減価し得る。土地と立地で結果が変わる。マンションの売却には管理の質と人口動態が効く。取引事例と将来の融資可否から売却額を見積もる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers thinking about future resale","Investors modeling an exit"],"ja":["将来の売却を考える買い手","出口を試算する投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["A formal appraisal"],"ja":["正式な鑑定"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not assume you can resell for your purchase price; estimate from comparables and future financeability."],"ja":["購入価格で売れると仮定しないこと。事例と将来の融資可否から見積もりましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-estimate-resale","loan-homes-depreciate","loan-station-distance","loan-resale-difficult"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library","mlit-land-survey","reins-market"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-investment-japan","tokyo-vs-regional-property","selling-property-costs"]},{"slug":"renting-out-mortgaged-home","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Can you rent out a mortgaged home?","ja":"住宅ローン中の家を貸せるか"},"summary":{"en":"Lender consent, temporary transfers, investment conversion, insurance, and taxes.","ja":"融資の同意・一時的な転居・投資への転換・保険・税。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Only with lender consent and compliance with the loan, tax, insurance, and building rules — converting an owner-occupier mortgage to a rental without authorization can breach the loan, and rental income is taxable.","ja":"融資の同意と、ローン・税・保険・建築規約の順守があって初めて可能です。無許可で居住用ローンを賃貸に転換するとローン違反になり得、家賃収入は課税されます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Renting out a mortgaged home needs lender consent.","Unauthorized conversion to a rental can breach the loan, insurance, and building rules.","A temporary transfer (e.g. a work posting) may be treated differently from a permanent move.","Rental income is taxable and fire insurance may need to change."],"ja":["住宅ローン中の家を貸すには融資の同意が必要。","無許可の賃貸転換はローン・保険・建築規約に反し得る。","一時的な転居（転勤など）は恒久的な転居と扱いが異なり得る。","家賃収入は課税され、火災保険の変更が必要になり得る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"consent-required","heading":{"en":"Lender consent is required","ja":"融資の同意が必要"},"body":{"en":["You can rent out a mortgaged home only with lender consent and compliance with the loan, tax, insurance, and building rules. An owner-occupier mortgage is priced and underwritten on the basis that you live there, so moving out and renting long-term without authorization may breach the loan agreement, the fire-insurance terms, and possibly condominium bylaws or zoning. A temporary transfer — for example a fixed-term work posting — may be treated differently from a permanent move, and some lenders have procedures for this, but you must ask rather than assume."],"ja":["住宅ローン中の家は、融資の同意と、ローン・税・保険・建築規約の順守があって初めて貸せます。居住用ローンはあなたがそこに住む前提で価格・審査されているため、無許可で転居し長期賃貸すると、ローン契約・火災保険の条件、場合により管理規約や用途地域に反し得ます。一時的な転居（例：期限付きの転勤）は恒久的な転居と扱いが異なり得、これに手続きを持つ貸し手もありますが、仮定せず尋ねる必要があります。"]}},{"id":"insurance-and-tax","heading":{"en":"Insurance, tax, and conversion","ja":"保険・税・転換"},"body":{"en":["Renting changes more than the loan. Fire insurance for an owner-occupied home may not cover a rental, so the policy may need to change. Rental income is taxable and must generally be reported, with allowable expenses, depreciation, and interest treated under the real-estate-income rules — principal is not a deductible expense. If the plan is to convert permanently to an investment property, that is properly financed with an investment-property loan, not an owner-occupier mortgage. Notify the lender, insurer, tax authorities, and building manager rather than quietly renting out.","Key points to carry away: Renting out a mortgaged home needs lender consent; Unauthorized conversion to a rental can breach the loan, insurance, and building rules; A temporary transfer (e.g. a work posting) may be treated differently from a permanent move; Rental income is taxable and fire insurance may need to change. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["賃貸はローン以上のものを変えます。居住用の火災保険は賃貸を補償しないことがあり、契約の変更が必要になり得ます。家賃収入は課税され、原則申告が必要で、認められる経費・減価償却・利息は不動産所得のルールで扱われます（元金は経費になりません）。恒久的に投資物件へ転換する計画なら、居住用ローンでなく不動産投資ローンで適切に資金調達すべきです。黙って貸すのでなく、融資・保険・税務当局・管理会社に届け出ましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：住宅ローン中の家を貸すには融資の同意が必要。無許可の賃貸転換はローン・保険・建築規約に反し得る。一時的な転居（転勤など）は恒久的な転居と扱いが異なり得る。家賃収入は課税され、火災保険の変更が必要になり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Owners posted elsewhere temporarily","Owners considering renting out"],"ja":["一時的に転勤する所有者","賃貸を検討する所有者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Owners who want to hide a rental from the lender"],"ja":["賃貸を貸し手に隠したい所有者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Renting out without lender consent can breach the loan and insurance; notify the lender before you do it."],"ja":["融資の同意なしの賃貸はローンと保険に反し得ます。実行前に貸し手へ届け出ましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-rent-out-mortgaged","loan-move-overseas","loan-leave-vacant"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","nta-mortgage-deduction"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["investment-property-loans","minpaku-homeowners","homeownership-japan","rental-property-tax"]},{"slug":"minpaku-homeowners","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Airbnb and minpaku rules for homeowners","ja":"自宅所有者の民泊・Airbnbのルール"},"summary":{"en":"Mortgage restrictions, condo bylaws, zoning, insurance, and registration.","ja":"住宅ローンの制限・管理規約・用途地域・保険・登録。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Short-term rental (minpaku) is generally limited to 180 days per year nationally, municipalities can restrict it further, and condominium bylaws may prohibit it entirely — plus your mortgage, insurer, and zoning must all permit it.","ja":"民泊は国の枠組みで原則年180日まで、自治体はさらに制限でき、管理規約は全面禁止し得ます。加えて、住宅ローン・保険・用途地域のすべてが認める必要があります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The national private-lodging framework generally limits qualifying lodging to 180 days per year.","Municipalities can impose further restrictions.","Condominium bylaws may prohibit minpaku even where law permits it.","Your mortgage, insurance, and zoning must all allow it."],"ja":["国の民泊制度は適格な宿泊を原則年180日までに制限する。","自治体はさらに制限を課せる。","法が許しても管理規約が民泊を禁じ得る。","住宅ローン・保険・用途地域のすべてが認める必要がある。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-layers","heading":{"en":"The layers of permission","ja":"許可の層"},"body":{"en":["Running minpaku (民泊) from your home requires several layers of permission to align. Under the national private-lodging framework, qualifying residential lodging is generally limited to 180 days per year, while municipalities can impose further restrictions through ordinances. On top of that, condominium bylaws may prohibit minpaku entirely even where national and local law permit it, and your mortgage terms, fire insurance, and the property’s zoning must all allow the use. If any one layer says no, you cannot lawfully operate."],"ja":["自宅で民泊を運営するには、複数の許可の層が揃う必要があります。国の民泊制度の下で、適格な住宅宿泊は原則年180日までに制限され、自治体は条例でさらに制限できます。加えて、国と地方の法が許しても管理規約が民泊を全面禁止し得、住宅ローンの条件・火災保険・物件の用途地域のすべてが用途を認める必要があります。どれか一つの層が「不可」と言えば、適法には運営できません。"]}},{"id":"comply-first","heading":{"en":"Comply before you list","ja":"掲載前に順守する"},"body":{"en":["The 180-day national ceiling does not override municipal or condominium restrictions, so do not assume you can always run 180 days. Before listing a property, confirm the national registration requirement, the municipal ordinance, the condominium bylaws, your lender’s and insurer’s permission, and the zoning. Operating minpaku in breach of these can lead to penalties, a loan breach, insurance problems, and disputes with the building. Treat compliance as the first step, not an afterthought, and keep the registration and permissions on file.","Key points to carry away: The national private-lodging framework generally limits qualifying lodging to 180 days per year; Municipalities can impose further restrictions; Condominium bylaws may prohibit minpaku even where law permits it; Your mortgage, insurance, and zoning must all allow it. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["国の180日の上限は自治体や管理組合の制限を上書きしません。常に180日運営できると仮定しないこと。物件を掲載する前に、国の登録要件・自治体の条例・管理規約・貸し手と保険会社の許可・用途地域を確認します。これらに反して民泊を運営すると、罰則・ローン違反・保険の問題・建物との紛争を招き得ます。順守を後回しでなく最初の一歩とし、登録と許可を保管しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：国の民泊制度は適格な宿泊を原則年180日までに制限する。自治体はさらに制限を課せる。法が許しても管理規約が民泊を禁じ得る。住宅ローン・保険・用途地域のすべてが認める必要がある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Owners considering short-term rental","Condominium owners weighing minpaku"],"ja":["短期賃貸を検討する所有者","民泊を検討するマンション所有者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A licensing application guide"],"ja":["許認可申請の手引き"]},"warnings":{"en":["The 180-day ceiling does not override condo bylaws or municipal rules; confirm every layer before listing."],"ja":["180日の上限は管理規約や自治体の規則を上書きしません。掲載前に全層を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-airbnb-condo","loan-180-days"],"sources":["mlit-minpaku"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["renting-out-mortgaged-home","condominium-rules","property-investment-japan"]},{"slug":"condominium-rules","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Condominium association rules","ja":"マンションの管理規約"},"summary":{"en":"Pets, renovations, rentals, business use, minpaku, parking, and voting.","ja":"ペット・リフォーム・賃貸・事業利用・民泊・駐車場・議決。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Condominium bylaws govern pets, interior renovations, rentals, business and minpaku use, parking, and voting — you cannot freely alter common elements like windows, and the rules can restrict how you use and profit from your unit.","ja":"管理規約は、ペット・内装リフォーム・賃貸・事業や民泊の利用・駐車場・議決を定めます。窓などの共用部分を自由に変えることはできず、規約は住戸の使い方や収益化を制限し得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Bylaws govern pets, renovations, rentals, business use, minpaku, parking, and voting.","Common elements such as windows often cannot be altered freely.","Rules can restrict renting, business use, and minpaku.","Review the bylaws before buying, not after."],"ja":["規約はペット・リフォーム・賃貸・事業利用・民泊・駐車場・議決を定める。","窓などの共用部分は自由に変更できないことが多い。","規約は賃貸・事業利用・民泊を制限し得る。","購入後でなく購入前に規約を確認する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-they-govern","heading":{"en":"What the bylaws govern","ja":"規約が定めるもの"},"body":{"en":["Condominium bylaws (管理規約) shape daily life and your rights as an owner. They govern pets, renovations, rentals, business use, minpaku, parking, and voting, among other things. Importantly, you cannot renovate any condominium interior freely: structural and common-element rules apply, and elements like windows are often common elements with restricted alteration, so you may not be able to replace them yourself. Pets are allowed only if the building rules permit them and within specified limits."],"ja":["管理規約は、日々の暮らしと所有者としての権利を形づくります。ペット・リフォーム・賃貸・事業利用・民泊・駐車場・議決などを定めます。重要なのは、マンションの内装を自由にリフォームできないことです。構造や共用部分の規則が適用され、窓などは変更が制限される共用部分であることが多く、自分で交換できないことがあります。ペットは建物の規則が認め、所定の範囲内である場合のみ飼えます。"]}},{"id":"review-before-buying","heading":{"en":"Review the bylaws before buying","ja":"購入前に規約を確認する"},"body":{"en":["The bylaws can restrict how you use and profit from your unit — renting it out, running a business from it, or operating minpaku may all be limited or prohibited, and these restrictions bind you regardless of what national or local law allows. Review the bylaws and recent meeting minutes before buying, so you know the pet policy, renovation constraints, rental and business rules, minpaku stance, and how decisions are made. A rule you discover after purchase can defeat your entire plan for the property.","Key points to carry away: Bylaws govern pets, renovations, rentals, business use, minpaku, parking, and voting; Common elements such as windows often cannot be altered freely; Rules can restrict renting, business use, and minpaku; Review the bylaws before buying, not after. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["規約は住戸の使い方や収益化を制限し得ます。賃貸・自宅での事業・民泊はいずれも制限・禁止され得、これらの制限は国や地方の法が許すかにかかわらずあなたを拘束します。購入前に規約と最近の議事録を確認し、ペット方針・リフォームの制約・賃貸と事業の規則・民泊の立場・意思決定の仕方を把握しましょう。購入後に見つけた規則が、物件についての計画全体を覆し得ます。","押さえておきたい要点：規約はペット・リフォーム・賃貸・事業利用・民泊・駐車場・議決を定める。窓などの共用部分は自由に変更できないことが多い。規約は賃貸・事業利用・民泊を制限し得る。購入後でなく購入前に規約を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Condominium buyers","Owners planning renovations or rentals"],"ja":["マンションの買い手","リフォームや賃貸を計画する所有者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for reading the actual bylaws"],"ja":["実際の規約を読むことの代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["Bylaws can prohibit renting, business use, or minpaku regardless of law; review them before buying."],"ja":["規約は法にかかわらず賃貸・事業利用・民泊を禁じ得ます。購入前に確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-renovate-condo","loan-replace-windows","loan-pets","loan-airbnb-condo"],"sources":["mlit-repair-plan","mlit-minpaku"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["evaluating-condominium","minpaku-homeowners","condominium-management-fees"]},{"slug":"cash-needed-to-buy-property","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How much cash do you need to buy property?","ja":"不動産購入にいくら現金が必要か"},"summary":{"en":"Down payment plus fees, reserves, moving, and repairs — the real cash target.","ja":"頭金に加え諸費用・備え・引越・修繕。実際に必要な現金の目安。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"You need far more than the down payment: budget the down payment plus roughly 6–10% of the price in closing costs, an emergency and repair reserve, and moving and immediate work — a ¥60 million used condo can need ¥11.8–15.8 million in cash.","ja":"頭金だけでは足りません。頭金に加え、価格の概ね6〜10%の諸費用、緊急・修繕の備え、引越と当面の工事を見込みます。6,000万円の中古マンションで1,180万〜1,580万円の現金が必要になり得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["You need the down payment plus roughly 6–10% of the price in closing costs.","Add an emergency and repair reserve of at least ¥1.5–3 million.","Include moving, immediate work, and prorated taxes and insurance.","A ¥60 million used condo can need ¥11.8–15.8 million in cash; a ¥50 million new condo ¥8.8–13.0 million."],"ja":["頭金に加え、価格の概ね6〜10%の諸費用が必要。","少なくとも150万〜300万円の緊急・修繕の備えを加える。","引越・当面の工事・按分した税と保険を含める。","6,000万円の中古マンションで1,180万〜1,580万円、5,000万円の新築で880万〜1,300万円。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-real-target","heading":{"en":"The real cash target","ja":"実際の現金目安"},"body":{"en":["Buying requires substantially more cash than the down payment. On top of it, budget brokerage, loan fees, registration, taxes, insurance, deposits, repairs, moving, and reserves — which together commonly add several million yen. A useful rule is the down payment plus roughly 6–10% of the price in closing costs, plus an emergency and repair reserve. Do not use all your savings for the down payment; you need liquidity for the fees, the first repairs, and life."],"ja":["購入は頭金よりはるかに多くの現金を要します。頭金に加え、仲介・ローン手数料・登記・税・保険・預け金・修繕・引越・備えを見込み、これらは合わせて数百万円になるのが通常です。有用な目安は、頭金＋価格の概ね6〜10%の諸費用＋緊急・修繕の備えです。貯金をすべて頭金に使わないこと。手数料・最初の修繕・生活のための流動性が必要です。"]}},{"id":"worked-examples","heading":{"en":"Two worked examples","ja":"2つの試算例"},"body":{"en":["Example A — a ¥60 million used condominium with 10% down: ¥6 million down, plus a maximum-style brokerage estimate of about ¥2.046 million, a 2.20% mortgage fee of ¥1.188 million, ¥0.5–0.9 million registration and judicial-scrivener costs, ¥80,000–200,000 inspection and appraisal, ¥200,000–500,000 stamp/insurance/prorations, up to ¥500,000+ acquisition tax after relief, ¥300,000–1.5 million moving and immediate work, and a ¥1.5–3 million reserve — a practical cash target of about ¥11.8–15.8 million.","Example B — a ¥50 million new developer-sold condominium with no buyer brokerage: ¥5 million down (10%), a 2.20% fee on ¥45 million of ¥990,000, ¥0.4–0.8 million registration and scrivener, ¥150,000–400,000 initial management/repair payments and prorations, ¥250,000–800,000 insurance/stamp/moving, ¥500,000–2 million options and furnishings, and a ¥1.5–3 million reserve — a practical cash target of about ¥8.8–13.0 million. These are planning estimates; assessed values, relief, and fee models can change them."],"ja":["例A：頭金10%の6,000万円中古マンション。頭金600万円に加え、上限式の仲介概算約204.6万円、2.20%のローン手数料118.8万円、登記・司法書士50万〜90万円、検査・鑑定8万〜20万円、印紙/保険/按分20万〜50万円、軽減後の取得税0〜50万円超、引越・当面の工事30万〜150万円、備え150万〜300万円で、実務的な現金目安は約1,180万〜1,580万円です。","例B：買主仲介なしの5,000万円新築デベロッパー物件。頭金500万円（10%）、4,500万円への2.20%手数料99万円、登記・司法書士40万〜80万円、初期の管理/修繕と按分15万〜40万円、保険/印紙/引越25万〜80万円、オプションと家具50万〜200万円、備え150万〜300万円で、実務的な現金目安は約880万〜1,300万円です。これらは計画上の概算で、評価額・軽減・手数料モデルで変わります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers planning their cash","Anyone saving toward a purchase"],"ja":["現金を計画する買い手","購入に向けて貯める人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A statutory quote"],"ja":["法定の見積り"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not use all your savings for the down payment; keep cash for the 6–10% closing costs and a reserve."],"ja":["貯金をすべて頭金に使わないこと。6〜10%の諸費用と備えの現金を残しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-cash-beyond-price","loan-fees-outside-price","loan-all-savings-down"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library","jhf-flat35","tokyo-acquisition-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-closing-costs","property-purchase-cost","down-payment-comparison","property-budget"]},{"slug":"property-closing-costs","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Property closing costs in Japan","ja":"日本の不動産購入諸費用"},"summary":{"en":"A full transaction-cost inventory, and how new and used purchases differ.","ja":"取引費用の全体像と、新築・中古の違い。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Closing costs commonly run about 6–10% of the price: brokerage, mortgage origination and guarantee fees, registration and license tax, judicial-scrivener fees, stamp duty, acquisition tax, insurance, and prorations — with new developer purchases often skipping buyer brokerage.","ja":"諸費用は一般に価格の約6〜10%です。仲介・ローン事務手数料や保証料・登録免許税・司法書士報酬・印紙税・取得税・保険・按分で、新築デベロッパー購入は買主仲介手数料がないことが多いです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Closing costs commonly total about 6–10% of the price.","Brokerage, mortgage fees, registration, and taxes are the big items.","New developer purchases bought directly often carry no buyer brokerage.","Some costs (acquisition tax) arrive after closing, not at it."],"ja":["諸費用は一般に価格の約6〜10%。","仲介・ローン手数料・登記・税が大きな項目。","直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多い。","一部の費用（取得税）は決済時でなく後で来る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-inventory","heading":{"en":"The transaction-cost inventory","ja":"取引費用の一覧"},"body":{"en":["Closing costs (諸費用) commonly run about 6–10% of the price and include: the down payment and earnest money (part of the price); brokerage fee (subject to a statutory maximum); mortgage origination fee (frequently 2.20%) and any guarantee fee; appraisal and inspection; stamp duty on the contract; registration and license tax at closing; judicial-scrivener fees; fire and earthquake insurance; and prorated taxes and fees. Some costs come later — real-estate acquisition tax is assessed after acquisition — so plan for both closing cash and later tax cash."],"ja":["諸費用は一般に価格の約6〜10%で、次を含みます。頭金と手付金（代金の一部）、仲介手数料（法定上限あり）、ローン事務手数料（多くは2.20%）と保証料、鑑定と検査、契約の印紙税、決済時の登録免許税、司法書士報酬、火災・地震保険、按分した税と費用です。一部の費用は後で来ます。不動産取得税は取得後に課されるため、決済時の現金と後の税の現金の両方を計画しましょう。"]}},{"id":"new-vs-used","heading":{"en":"How new and used differ","ja":"新築と中古の違い"},"body":{"en":["New and used purchases differ in the cost mix. A used home bought through a broker carries a brokerage fee (up to the statutory maximum), while a new developer property bought directly from the seller often carries no buyer brokerage — confirm the transaction structure, because it materially changes the total. New homes may carry different initial management and repair-reserve payments and developer options; used homes may carry inspection and immediate-repair costs. Build the full inventory for the specific property rather than assuming a flat percentage, and separate closing cash from later tax cash.","Key points to carry away: Closing costs commonly total about 6–10% of the price; Brokerage, mortgage fees, registration, and taxes are the big items; New developer purchases bought directly often carry no buyer brokerage; Some costs (acquisition tax) arrive after closing, not at it. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["新築と中古では費用の内訳が異なります。仲介経由で買う中古は仲介手数料（法定上限まで）を伴い、売主から直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多いです。取引の形を確認しましょう。総額を大きく変えます。新築は異なる初期の管理・修繕積立の支払いやデベロッパーのオプションを、中古は検査や当面の修繕費を伴い得ます。一律の割合を仮定せず、具体的な物件について全体像を作り、決済時の現金と後の税の現金を分けましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：諸費用は一般に価格の約6〜10%。仲介・ローン手数料・登記・税が大きな項目。直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多い。一部の費用（取得税）は決済時でなく後で来る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers building a cost budget","Anyone comparing new and used costs"],"ja":["費用予算を作る買い手","新築と中古の費用を比較する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A statutory fee quote"],"ja":["法定手数料の見積り"]},"warnings":{"en":["Some costs arrive after closing (acquisition tax); plan for both closing cash and later tax cash."],"ja":["一部の費用は決済後に来ます（取得税）。決済時の現金と後の税の現金を計画しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-fees-outside-price","loan-developer-brokerage"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library","tokyo-acquisition-tax","nta-registration-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["cash-needed-to-buy-property","real-estate-brokerage-fees","property-registration-costs","property-purchase-cost"]},{"slug":"real-estate-brokerage-fees","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Real-estate brokerage fees","ja":"不動産の仲介手数料"},"summary":{"en":"The maximum fee structure, consumption tax, no-brokerage situations, and conflicts.","ja":"上限の手数料構造・消費税・仲介なしの場合・利益相反。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Brokerage commission is subject to a statutory maximum that depends on the price and transaction; for conventional prices it is commonly the permitted simplified formula plus consumption tax, and a new developer property bought directly often carries no buyer brokerage.","ja":"仲介手数料は、価格と取引に応じた法定上限の対象で、一般的な価格では簡易式＋消費税が通常です。直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多いです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Commission has a statutory maximum based on price and transaction.","For conventional prices it is commonly the simplified formula plus consumption tax.","A new developer property bought directly often has no buyer brokerage.","Ask who the broker represents — the listing broker may depend on the seller."],"ja":["手数料は価格と取引に応じた法定上限がある。","一般的な価格では簡易式＋消費税が通常。","直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多い。","そのブローカーが誰を代理するか尋ねる。掲載側は売主に依存し得る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-structure","heading":{"en":"The maximum fee structure","ja":"上限の手数料構造"},"body":{"en":["Brokerage commission (仲介手数料) is compensation paid to a licensed broker, subject to a statutory maximum that depends on the price and the transaction. For conventional prices it is commonly calculated using the permitted simplified formula — a percentage of the price within brackets — plus consumption tax. The maximum is a ceiling, not a fixed price, so it can in principle be negotiated, though practice varies. Ask for the calculation in writing so you can check it against the statutory maximum."],"ja":["仲介手数料は、免許を持つ仲介に支払う報酬で、価格と取引に応じた法定上限の対象です。一般的な価格では、許可された簡易式（区分ごとの価格の割合）＋消費税で計算されるのが通常です。上限は天井であり固定価格ではないため、原則交渉の余地がありますが、慣行は様々です。法定上限と照合できるよう、計算を書面で求めましょう。"]}},{"id":"no-brokerage-and-conflicts","heading":{"en":"No-brokerage situations and conflicts","ja":"仲介なしの場合と利益相反"},"body":{"en":["New developer properties bought directly from the seller often carry no buyer brokerage, so confirm the transaction structure before assuming a fee. Watch for conflicts: the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller, and dual agency or direct dealing can misalign incentives. Ask who the broker represents and whether they are acting for both sides. Verify the license before paying anything, and remember that a broker introducing you to a bank does not prove the loan is affordable — that is your judgment.","Key points to carry away: Commission has a statutory maximum based on price and transaction; For conventional prices it is commonly the simplified formula plus consumption tax; A new developer property bought directly often has no buyer brokerage; Ask who the broker represents — the listing broker may depend on the seller. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["売主から直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多いため、手数料を仮定する前に取引の形を確認します。利益相反に注意しましょう。掲載ブローカーは売主を代理または経済的に依存し得、両手仲介や直接取引は動機を歪め得ます。誰を代理するか、双方の代理かを尋ねます。支払う前に免許を確認し、ブローカーの銀行紹介はローンが手頃だと証明しないことを覚えておきましょう。それはあなたの判断です。","押さえておきたい要点：手数料は価格と取引に応じた法定上限がある。一般的な価格では簡易式＋消費税が通常。直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多い。そのブローカーが誰を代理するか尋ねる。掲載側は売主に依存し得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers checking a commission","Anyone comparing brokerage costs"],"ja":["手数料を確認する買い手","仲介費用を比較する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A specific fee quote"],"ja":["個別の手数料見積り"]},"warnings":{"en":["A broker’s bank introduction does not prove affordability; that judgment is yours."],"ja":["ブローカーの銀行紹介は返済可能性を証明しません。その判断はあなたのものです。"]},"faqs":["loan-brokerage-commission","loan-developer-brokerage"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["real-estate-agents-japan","property-closing-costs","property-portal-vs-buyers-agent"]},{"slug":"mortgage-fees","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mortgage origination and guarantee fees","ja":"住宅ローンの事務手数料と保証料"},"summary":{"en":"The 2.20% model, the guarantee-company model, rate-loaded fees, and holding period.","ja":"2.20%モデル・保証会社モデル・金利上乗せ・保有期間。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Mortgage fees follow two models: a percentage origination fee (frequently 2.20% — ¥1.10 million on ¥50 million) with no guarantee fee, or a guarantee-company model charged upfront, rate-loaded, or waived for a higher origination fee — compare the total over your holding period.","ja":"住宅ローンの手数料は二つのモデルに従います。定率の事務手数料（多くは2.20%＝5,000万円で110万円）で保証料なし、または保証会社モデル（前払い・金利上乗せ・より高い事務手数料で免除）です。保有期間の総額で比較しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The percentage model charges a 2.20% origination fee and often no guarantee fee.","The guarantee-company model may charge upfront, load the rate, or be absent.","\"No guarantee fee\" can mean a higher percentage fee or a rate-loaded cost.","A short holding period changes which model is cheaper."],"ja":["定率モデルは2.20%の事務手数料を課し、保証料はないことが多い。","保証会社モデルは前払い・金利上乗せ・なしのいずれか。","「保証料なし」は定率手数料の上昇や金利上乗せを意味し得る。","保有期間が短いと、どちらのモデルが安いか変わる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"two-models","heading":{"en":"The two fee models","ja":"二つの手数料モデル"},"body":{"en":["Japanese mortgages generally use one of two fee models. The percentage model charges an origination fee — frequently 2.20% of principal, which is ¥1.10 million on a ¥50 million loan — and often has no separate guarantee fee. The guarantee-company model involves a guarantee company that screens you and can be charged upfront (a lump sum), loaded into the rate (a slightly higher rate), or waived in exchange for a higher origination fee. Because each model can hide cost elsewhere, compare the total of fees plus interest, not just the label."],"ja":["日本の住宅ローンは一般に二つの手数料モデルのいずれかを使います。定率モデルは事務手数料（多くは元金の2.20%＝5,000万円で110万円）を課し、別途の保証料はないことが多いです。保証会社モデルは、審査する保証会社を伴い、前払い（一括）・金利上乗せ（やや高い金利）・より高い事務手数料と引き換えの免除、のいずれかです。各モデルは別の所にコストを隠し得るため、ラベルでなく手数料＋利息の総額で比較しましょう。"]}},{"id":"holding-period","heading":{"en":"The holding period changes the answer","ja":"保有期間で答えが変わる"},"body":{"en":["The holding period matters. A large upfront fee (like a 2.20% origination fee) is spread over the years you hold the loan, so for a long hold it can be worth a slightly lower rate, while for a short hold — if you sell or refinance in a few years — a low-fee, slightly-higher-rate product can be cheaper because you never recoup the big fee. Calculate the internal cost over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, and check any early-repayment charge, which matters most for a short holding period.","Key points to carry away: The percentage model charges a 2.20% origination fee and often no guarantee fee; The guarantee-company model may charge upfront, load the rate, or be absent; \"No guarantee fee\" can mean a higher percentage fee or a rate-loaded cost; A short holding period changes which model is cheaper. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["保有期間が重要です。大きな前払い手数料（2.20%の事務手数料など）は保有年数で按分されるため、長期保有ならやや低い金利の価値があり得、短期保有なら（数年で売却・借換するなら）大きな手数料を回収できないため、低手数料・やや高金利の商品のほうが安くなり得ます。実際に保有を見込む年数で内部コストを計算し、繰上返済手数料も確認しましょう。保有期間が短いほど重要です。","押さえておきたい要点：定率モデルは2.20%の事務手数料を課し、保証料はないことが多い。保証会社モデルは前払い・金利上乗せ・なしのいずれか。「保証料なし」は定率手数料の上昇や金利上乗せを意味し得る。保有期間が短いと、どちらのモデルが安いか変わる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers comparing fee models","Short-to-medium-term owners"],"ja":["手数料モデルを比較する借り手","短〜中期の所有者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A specific lender fee schedule"],"ja":["個別行の手数料表"]},"warnings":{"en":["\"No guarantee fee\" may mean a higher origination fee or a rate-loaded cost; compare the total."],"ja":["「保証料なし」は事務手数料の上昇や金利上乗せを意味し得ます。総額で比較を。"]},"faqs":["loan-total-cost","loan-what-guarantee-company"],"sources":["mufg-mortgage","jibun-mortgage","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-fees-comparison","mortgage-apr-total-cost","collateral-guarantee-companies"]},{"slug":"property-registration-costs","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Property registration costs","ja":"不動産の登記費用"},"summary":{"en":"Ownership transfer, mortgage registration, assessed values, and relief.","ja":"所有権移転・抵当権設定・評価額・軽減。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Registration and license tax (登録免許税) is charged on the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations, based on the assessed value or secured amount and any applicable relief, plus the judicial scrivener’s professional fee and disbursements.","ja":"登録免許税は、所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記に、評価額や被担保額と適用される軽減に基づいて課され、加えて司法書士の報酬と立替費用がかかります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Registration and license tax applies to ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations.","It is based on the assessed value or secured amount and any relief.","The judicial scrivener charges a professional fee plus tax and disbursements.","Residential relief measures can reduce the tax for qualifying homes."],"ja":["登録免許税は所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記にかかる。","評価額や被担保額と軽減に基づく。","司法書士は報酬＋税・立替費用を請求する。","住宅向けの軽減で適格な住宅の税が下がり得る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-tax","heading":{"en":"Registration and license tax","ja":"登録免許税"},"body":{"en":["Registration and license tax (登録免許税) is a tax imposed on specified registrations — chiefly the ownership-transfer registration when you buy and the mortgage registration when you borrow. It is based on the assessed value of the property or the secured amount of the loan, with rates set by law and residential relief measures that can reduce the tax for qualifying homes. Because it is based on assessed value rather than the price you paid, the amount can differ from a simple percentage of the purchase price."],"ja":["登録免許税は、所定の登記(主に購入時の所有権移転登記と借入時の抵当権設定登記)に課される税です。物件の評価額やローンの被担保額に基づき、税率は法で定められ、適格な住宅の税を下げ得る住宅向けの軽減があります。払った価格でなく評価額に基づくため、金額は購入価格の単純な割合とは異なり得ます。"]}},{"id":"scrivener","heading":{"en":"The judicial scrivener’s fee","ja":"司法書士の報酬"},"body":{"en":["The registrations are filed by a judicial scrivener (司法書士), who charges a professional fee on top of the tax and disbursements. The lender or broker may nominate a scrivener; you can ask whether the selection is mandatory. Budget both the registration and license tax and the scrivener’s fee as part of your closing costs, and ask for an estimate in advance so the figure does not surprise you at closing. Relief measures change periodically, so confirm the current rules for your property and occupancy.","Key points to carry away: Registration and license tax applies to ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations; It is based on the assessed value or secured amount and any relief; The judicial scrivener charges a professional fee plus tax and disbursements; Residential relief measures can reduce the tax for qualifying homes. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["登記は司法書士が行い、税と立替費用に加えて報酬を請求します。貸し手や仲介が司法書士を指名することがあり、その選択が必須かを尋ねられます。登録免許税と司法書士報酬の両方を諸費用の一部として見込み、決済で驚かないよう事前に見積りを求めましょう。軽減は定期的に変わるため、あなたの物件と居住について現行のルールを確認しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：登録免許税は所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記にかかる。評価額や被担保額と軽減に基づく。司法書士は報酬＋税・立替費用を請求する。住宅向けの軽減で適格な住宅の税が下がり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers budgeting closing costs","Anyone estimating registration tax"],"ja":["諸費用を見積もる買い手","登記の税を見積もる人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A precise tax calculation"],"ja":["正確な税額計算"]},"warnings":{"en":["Registration tax is based on assessed value, not your price; ask the scrivener for an estimate in advance."],"ja":["登記の税は価格でなく評価額に基づきます。事前に司法書士へ見積りを求めましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-registration-tax","loan-judicial-scrivener"],"sources":["nta-registration-tax","mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["judicial-scrivener-property","property-closing-costs","property-closing-registration"]},{"slug":"judicial-scrivener-property","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"What does a judicial scrivener do?","ja":"司法書士は何をするか"},"summary":{"en":"The registration role, lender nomination, fees, documents, and closing.","ja":"登記の役割・貸し手の指名・報酬・書類・決済。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A judicial scrivener (司法書士) prepares and files the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations and verifies the closing formalities, charging a professional fee plus tax and disbursements; the lender may nominate one, and you can ask whether the selection is mandatory.","ja":"司法書士は、所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記を準備・申請し、決済の手続きを確認し、報酬＋税・立替費用を請求します。貸し手が指名することがあり、その選択が必須かを尋ねられます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Prepares and files the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations.","Verifies the closing formalities before money moves.","Charges a professional fee plus tax and disbursements.","The lender or broker may nominate one; ask whether it is mandatory."],"ja":["所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記を準備・申請する。","資金が動く前に決済の手続きを確認する。","報酬＋税・立替費用を請求する。","貸し手や仲介が指名し得る。必須かを尋ねる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-role","heading":{"en":"The registration role","ja":"登記の役割"},"body":{"en":["A judicial scrivener (司法書士) is the professional who prepares and files property registrations — the ownership-transfer registration when the property changes hands and the lender’s mortgage registration when you borrow. At closing, the scrivener verifies the documents and the closing formalities before the money moves, which protects both buyer and lender by confirming that title will transfer cleanly and the mortgage will be properly registered. This role is why closing typically happens with the scrivener present, often at a bank."],"ja":["司法書士は、不動産の登記(物件が移転するときの所有権移転登記と、借入時の貸し手の抵当権設定登記)を準備・申請する専門家です。決済時、司法書士は資金が動く前に書類と決済の手続きを確認し、名義がきれいに移転し抵当権が適切に登記されることを確かめて、買主と貸し手の双方を守ります。この役割ゆえ、決済は通常、司法書士の立会いのもと(多くは銀行で)行われます。"]}},{"id":"fees-and-nomination","heading":{"en":"Fees and lender nomination","ja":"報酬と貸し手の指名"},"body":{"en":["The scrivener charges a professional fee plus the registration and license tax and disbursements, all of which fall in your closing costs. The lender or broker may nominate a particular scrivener, especially because the lender wants its mortgage registered correctly; you can ask whether the selection is mandatory or whether you may use your own. Ask for a fee estimate in advance, and keep the registration records after closing — you will need them for future dealings with the property.","Key points to carry away: Prepares and files the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations; Verifies the closing formalities before money moves; Charges a professional fee plus tax and disbursements; The lender or broker may nominate one; ask whether it is mandatory. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["司法書士は、報酬に加えて登録免許税と立替費用を請求し、これらはすべて諸費用に入ります。貸し手や仲介が特定の司法書士を指名することがあり、特に貸し手は自らの抵当権を正しく登記したいためです。その選択が必須か、自分の司法書士を使えるかを尋ねられます。事前に報酬の見積りを求め、決済後は登記の記録を保管しましょう。物件の将来の手続きで必要になります。","押さえておきたい要点：所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記を準備・申請する。資金が動く前に決済の手続きを確認する。報酬＋税・立替費用を請求する。貸し手や仲介が指名し得る。必須かを尋ねる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers approaching closing","Anyone budgeting scrivener fees"],"ja":["決済が近い買い手","司法書士報酬を見積もる人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Legal advice on a disputed title"],"ja":["係争ある権利の法的助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["The lender may nominate the scrivener; ask whether the selection is mandatory and request a fee estimate."],"ja":["貸し手が司法書士を指名し得ます。必須かを尋ね、報酬の見積りを求めましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-judicial-scrivener"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library","moj-inheritance-registration"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-registration-costs","property-closing-registration","property-registration-services"]},{"slug":"real-estate-acquisition-tax","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Real-estate acquisition tax","ja":"不動産取得税"},"summary":{"en":"Tax timing, valuation, residential relief, and prefectural variation.","ja":"課税の時期・評価・住宅の軽減・都道府県差。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Real-estate acquisition tax (不動産取得税) is a prefectural tax assessed after you acquire property, based on the assessed value; residential relief can materially reduce it, and rates and procedures vary by prefecture — for Tokyo residential property it is generally 3% after valuation deductions.","ja":"不動産取得税は、取得後に課される都道府県税で、評価額に基づきます。住宅の軽減で大きく減り得、税率と手続きは都道府県で異なります。東京の住宅用は評価控除後で概ね3%です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A prefectural tax assessed after acquisition, based on the assessed value.","Residential relief can materially reduce it.","For Tokyo residential property it is generally 3% after valuation deductions and land relief.","Rates and filing procedures vary by prefecture."],"ja":["取得後に課される都道府県税で、評価額に基づく。","住宅の軽減で大きく減り得る。","東京の住宅用は評価控除・土地軽減後で概ね3%。","税率と申告手続きは都道府県で異なる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"timing-and-valuation","heading":{"en":"Timing and valuation","ja":"課税の時期と評価"},"body":{"en":["Real-estate acquisition tax (不動産取得税) is a prefectural tax assessed after you acquire property, not at closing — so it arrives as a separate bill some time after you buy, and you should reserve cash for it. It is based on the assessed value of the property (a value set for tax purposes), not the price you paid. Because it comes later, it is easy to forget when budgeting, so include it in your \"later tax cash\" alongside closing cash."],"ja":["不動産取得税は、決済時でなく取得後に課される都道府県税なので、購入後しばらくして別の納付書として来ます。そのための現金を確保しましょう。払った価格でなく物件の評価額(税務上の価値)に基づきます。後で来るため予算で忘れやすく、決済時の現金とは別に「後の税の現金」に含めましょう。"]}},{"id":"relief-and-variation","heading":{"en":"Residential relief and prefectural variation","ja":"住宅の軽減と都道府県差"},"body":{"en":["Residential relief can materially reduce the tax for qualifying homes — for Tokyo, residential real-estate acquisition tax is generally calculated at 3% after applicable valuation deductions and land relief, while nonresidential property uses a different rate. Filing and relief procedures vary by prefecture, so confirm the rules where the property is located and whether you must file to claim the relief. The reliefs are conditional, so check that your property and use qualify before assuming the reduced figure.","Key points to carry away: A prefectural tax assessed after acquisition, based on the assessed value; Residential relief can materially reduce it; For Tokyo residential property it is generally 3% after valuation deductions and land relief; Rates and filing procedures vary by prefecture. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["住宅の軽減は適格な住宅の税を大きく減らし得ます。東京では住宅用不動産取得税は、適用される評価控除と土地の軽減の後、概ね3%で計算され、非住宅用は異なる税率です。申告と軽減の手続きは都道府県で異なるため、物件の所在地のルールと、軽減を受けるために申告が必要かを確認しましょう。軽減は条件付きなので、減額後の数字を仮定する前に、物件と用途が適格か確認しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：取得後に課される都道府県税で、評価額に基づく。住宅の軽減で大きく減り得る。東京の住宅用は評価控除・土地軽減後で概ね3%。税率と申告手続きは都道府県で異なる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers budgeting after-purchase taxes","Anyone claiming residential relief"],"ja":["購入後の税を見積もる買い手","住宅の軽減を受ける人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A precise tax computation"],"ja":["正確な税額計算"]},"warnings":{"en":["This tax arrives after closing as a separate bill; reserve cash and confirm the relief for your prefecture."],"ja":["この税は決済後に別の納付書で来ます。現金を確保し、都道府県の軽減を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-acquisition-tax"],"sources":["tokyo-acquisition-tax","nta-property-sale"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["fixed-asset-tax","property-closing-costs","taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan"]},{"slug":"fixed-asset-tax","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Fixed-asset and city-planning tax","ja":"固定資産税と都市計画税"},"summary":{"en":"Annual liability, assessed value, prorations, and budgeting.","ja":"毎年の負担・評価額・按分・予算。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Fixed-asset tax (固定資産税) is an annual municipal tax based on the assessed value, and city-planning tax (都市計画税) applies within designated urban-planning areas; at closing the year’s tax is commonly prorated economically between seller and buyer by contract.","ja":"固定資産税は評価額に基づく毎年の市町村税で、都市計画税は指定された都市計画区域内でかかります。決済時、その年の税は契約により売主と買主で経済的に按分されるのが通常です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Fixed-asset tax is an annual municipal tax based on the assessed value.","City-planning tax applies within designated urban-planning areas.","At closing the year’s tax is commonly prorated economically by contract.","Budget it as a recurring annual ownership cost."],"ja":["固定資産税は評価額に基づく毎年の市町村税。","都市計画税は指定された都市計画区域内でかかる。","決済時、その年の税は契約で経済的に按分されるのが通常。","毎年の保有コストとして予算に入れる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-annual-cost","heading":{"en":"The annual cost of ownership","ja":"毎年の保有コスト"},"body":{"en":["Fixed-asset tax (固定資産税) is an annual local tax based on the assessed value of the property, billed by the municipality — it is a recurring cost of ownership, not a one-time purchase cost. Within designated urban-planning areas, an additional city-planning tax (都市計画税) applies. Together these are a meaningful yearly outflow that you should build into your monthly housing budget from the start, alongside insurance, management and repair-reserve fees (for a condominium), and maintenance."],"ja":["固定資産税は、物件の評価額に基づき市町村が課す毎年の地方税で、一度きりの購入費用でなく継続的な保有コストです。指定された都市計画区域内では、追加の都市計画税がかかります。これらは合わせて意味のある年間支出で、最初から毎月の住居予算に、保険・(マンションの)管理費と修繕積立金・維持費とともに組み込むべきです。"]}},{"id":"proration","heading":{"en":"Proration at closing","ja":"決済時の按分"},"body":{"en":["Legal liability for the year’s fixed-asset tax follows statutory rules (the owner as of a set date), but at closing the seller and buyer commonly prorate the tax economically by contract, so each effectively pays for the portion of the year they own the property. Confirm how the proration is handled in your contract so the figure at closing is not a surprise. After purchase, budget the full annual tax each year, and remember the assessed value — and therefore the tax — can change over time.","Key points to carry away: Fixed-asset tax is an annual municipal tax based on the assessed value; City-planning tax applies within designated urban-planning areas; At closing the year’s tax is commonly prorated economically by contract; Budget it as a recurring annual ownership cost. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["その年の固定資産税の法的な納税義務は法定ルール(所定の基準日の所有者)に従いますが、決済時、売主と買主は契約で税を経済的に按分するのが通常で、各自が実質的に自分が所有する年内の期間分を負担します。決済時の金額が驚きにならないよう、契約で按分がどう扱われるか確認しましょう。購入後は毎年、満額の年間税を予算に入れ、評価額(したがって税)は時間とともに変わり得ることを覚えておきましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：固定資産税は評価額に基づく毎年の市町村税。都市計画税は指定された都市計画区域内でかかる。決済時、その年の税は契約で経済的に按分されるのが通常。毎年の保有コストとして予算に入れる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["New owners budgeting annual costs","Buyers checking proration"],"ja":["年間コストを見積もる新所有者","按分を確認する買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A precise tax computation"],"ja":["正確な税額計算"]},"warnings":{"en":["Fixed-asset tax is a recurring annual cost; budget it every year, and confirm the closing proration in your contract."],"ja":["固定資産税は毎年の継続コストです。毎年予算に入れ、決済の按分を契約で確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-fixed-asset-tax","loan-city-planning-tax","loan-prorate-fixed-asset"],"sources":["tokyo-fixed-asset-tax","mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["real-estate-acquisition-tax","homeownership-japan","fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes"]},{"slug":"mortgage-tax-deduction","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mortgage tax deduction","ja":"住宅ローン控除（住宅ローン減税）"},"summary":{"en":"Eligibility, occupancy, property standards, first-year filing, and annual changes.","ja":"要件・居住・住宅基準・初年度の申告・年ごとの変更。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The housing-loan deduction is an income-tax credit based on your qualifying year-end mortgage balance (a 0.7% framework); the 2026 rules extend qualifying occupancy from 2026–2030, with a ¥20 million income ceiling and floor-area, energy, and occupancy conditions — file a return in the first year.","ja":"住宅ローン控除は、年末の適格なローン残高に基づく所得税の税額控除(0.7%の枠組み)です。2026年の制度は2026〜2030年の適格な入居を延長し、所得上限2,000万円と床面積・省エネ・居住の条件があります。初年度に確定申告を行います。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["An income-tax credit based on the qualifying year-end mortgage balance (0.7% framework).","The 2026 rules extend qualifying occupancy from 2026 through 2030.","The general income ceiling is ¥20 million, with floor-area and energy conditions.","File a tax return in the first year to claim it."],"ja":["年末の適格なローン残高に基づく所得税の税額控除(0.7%の枠組み)。","2026年の制度は2026〜2030年の適格な入居を延長。","一般的な所得上限は2,000万円、床面積と省エネの条件あり。","初年度に確定申告して受ける。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-it-works","heading":{"en":"How the deduction works","ja":"控除の仕組み"},"body":{"en":["The mortgage tax deduction (住宅ローン減税) is an income-tax credit based on your qualifying year-end mortgage balance and conditions, under a 0.7% framework. Japan’s 2026 reform extended the deduction for five years for qualifying occupancy from 2026 through 2030, expanded treatment for qualifying energy-efficient existing homes, and extended certain existing-home deductions to 13 years. The balance ceiling, floor-area test, household addition, energy category, disaster-zone rule, income ceiling, and period must be checked for your specific property and occupancy year, because the rules are detailed and change annually."],"ja":["住宅ローン控除(住宅ローン減税)は、年末の適格なローン残高と条件に基づく所得税の税額控除で、0.7%の枠組みです。日本の2026年の改正は、2026〜2030年の適格な入居について控除を5年延長し、適格な省エネ既存住宅の扱いを拡充し、一部の既存住宅の控除を13年に延長しました。残高上限・床面積要件・世帯加算・省エネ区分・災害区域の規定・所得上限・期間は、あなたの具体的な物件と入居年について確認が必要です。ルールは細かく毎年変わります。"]}},{"id":"eligibility-and-filing","heading":{"en":"Eligibility and first-year filing","ja":"要件と初年度の申告"},"body":{"en":["Eligibility is not automatic. The general applicable-income ceiling is ¥20 million, with stricter conditions for some 40–50 square meter homes, and not every new home qualifies — energy, floor-area, occupancy, and other rules apply, though a used home can qualify and 2026 reforms expanded treatment for qualifying efficient existing homes. You generally must file a tax return in the first year to claim the credit; in later years an employee may claim it through year-end adjustment. Because the details shift annually, confirm the current rules for your occupancy year with the National Tax Agency or a tax accountant.","Key points to carry away: An income-tax credit based on the qualifying year-end mortgage balance (0.7% framework); The 2026 rules extend qualifying occupancy from 2026 through 2030; The general income ceiling is ¥20 million, with floor-area and energy conditions; File a tax return in the first year to claim it. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["要件は自動ではありません。一般的な適用所得の上限は2,000万円で、一部の40〜50㎡の住宅にはより厳しい条件があり、すべての新築が適格なわけではありません。省エネ・床面積・居住などの規則が適用されますが、中古も適格になり得、2026年の改正は適格な省エネ既存住宅の扱いを拡充しました。控除を受けるには通常、初年度に確定申告が必要で、以後は会社員なら年末調整で受けられます。細部は毎年変わるため、入居年について国税庁や税理士に現行のルールを確認しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：年末の適格なローン残高に基づく所得税の税額控除(0.7%の枠組み)。2026年の制度は2026〜2030年の適格な入居を延長。一般的な所得上限は2,000万円、床面積と省エネの条件あり。初年度に確定申告して受ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["New homeowners claiming the credit","Buyers checking eligibility"],"ja":["控除を受ける新所有者","適格性を確認する買い手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A tax-filing substitute"],"ja":["確定申告の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["The rules change annually and eligibility is conditional; confirm the current rules for your occupancy year."],"ja":["ルールは毎年変わり適格性は条件付きです。入居年の現行ルールを確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-mortgage-tax-deduction","loan-deduction-automatic","loan-deduction-income-limit","loan-file-first-year"],"sources":["nta-mortgage-deduction","nta-mortgage-credit"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["early-repayment","after-buying-home","mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit"]},{"slug":"home-fire-earthquake-insurance","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Fire and earthquake insurance for homeowners","ja":"住宅の火災保険と地震保険"},"summary":{"en":"Mortgage requirements, building and contents, exclusions, and earthquake limits.","ja":"融資の要件・建物と家財・免責・地震の上限。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Lenders generally require adequate fire insurance; earthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance, is generally 30–50% of the fire amount (capped at ¥50 million building / ¥10 million contents), and is recovery-oriented — ordinary fire insurance does not cover earthquake-caused fire.","ja":"貸し手は一般に十分な火災保険を求めます。地震保険は火災保険に付帯し、通常は火災保険金額の30〜50%(建物5,000万円・家財1,000万円が上限)で、生活再建向けです。通常の火災保険は地震による火災を補償しません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Lenders generally require adequate fire insurance on the building.","Earthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance and is capped.","Earthquake cover is generally 30–50% of the fire amount (¥50M building / ¥10M contents).","Ordinary fire insurance does not cover earthquake-caused fire."],"ja":["貸し手は一般に建物に十分な火災保険を求める。","地震保険は火災保険に付帯し上限がある。","地震補償は火災保険金額の概ね30〜50%(建物5,000万・家財1,000万)。","通常の火災保険は地震による火災を補償しない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"fire-required","heading":{"en":"Fire insurance and the lender requirement","ja":"火災保険と融資の要件"},"body":{"en":["Lenders generally require adequate fire insurance on the building as a condition of the mortgage, because the building is their collateral. Fire insurance covers building and contents against specified perils, but read the exclusions carefully — notably, ordinary fire insurance generally does not cover earthquake-caused fire. You can often buy through the lender or an agent, but compare external quotes and commissions where permitted, since a bundled policy is not automatically the cheapest or best-fitting cover."],"ja":["貸し手は一般に、建物が担保であるため、住宅ローンの条件として建物に十分な火災保険を求めます。火災保険は所定の危険に対し建物と家財を補償しますが、免責を丁寧に読みましょう。特に通常の火災保険は地震による火災を概ね補償しません。貸し手や代理店を通じて買えることが多いですが、認められる範囲で外部の見積りと手数料を比較しましょう。セット契約が自動的に最安・最適な補償とは限りません。"]}},{"id":"earthquake","heading":{"en":"Earthquake insurance and its limits","ja":"地震保険とその上限"},"body":{"en":["Earthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance — you cannot buy it standalone. Its insured amount is generally 30–50% of the corresponding fire-insurance amount, capped at ¥50 million for the building and ¥10 million for household contents, and it is designed to support recovery rather than guarantee complete reconstruction. So it will not rebuild your entire home; it helps you restart. A condominium owner should consider cover for the unit and contents while checking the association’s cover for common elements. In an earthquake-prone country, the separate earthquake cover is worth serious consideration despite its caps.","Key points to carry away: Lenders generally require adequate fire insurance on the building; Earthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance and is capped; Earthquake cover is generally 30–50% of the fire amount (¥50M building / ¥10M contents); Ordinary fire insurance does not cover earthquake-caused fire. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["地震保険は火災保険に付帯する必要があり、単独では買えません。保険金額は対応する火災保険金額の概ね30〜50%で、建物5,000万円・家財1,000万円が上限で、完全な再建の保証でなく生活再建の支援を目的とします。したがって住まい全体を再建はせず、再スタートを助けます。マンション所有者は、共用部分の組合の補償を確認しつつ、住戸と家財の補償を検討すべきです。地震の多い国では、上限があっても別建ての地震保険は真剣に検討する価値があります。","押さえておきたい要点：貸し手は一般に建物に十分な火災保険を求める。地震保険は火災保険に付帯し上限がある。地震補償は火災保険金額の概ね30〜50%(建物5,000万・家財1,000万)。通常の火災保険は地震による火災を補償しない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["New homeowners arranging insurance","Condominium owners checking coverage"],"ja":["保険を手配する新所有者","補償を確認するマンション所有者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A specific policy recommendation"],"ja":["個別の保険商品の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Ordinary fire insurance does not cover earthquake-caused fire; earthquake cover is separate and capped."],"ja":["通常の火災保険は地震による火災を補償しません。地震補償は別建てで上限があります。"]},"faqs":["loan-fire-insurance-mandatory","loan-fire-earthquake-fire","loan-earthquake-rebuild","loan-condo-earthquake","loan-bundle-insurance"],"sources":["gia-earthquake","sonpo-earthquake"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["earthquake-standards","homeownership-japan","property-insurance-providers"]},{"slug":"condominium-management-fees","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Condominium management fees","ja":"マンションの管理費"},"summary":{"en":"What they fund, what they do not fund, trends, and arrears.","ja":"何を賄い何を賄わないか・推移・滞納。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The management fee (管理費) pays for ordinary shared operations and is not saved for major repairs — that is the separate repair reserve; watch the fee trend and owner arrears, because both signal the health of the building’s finances.","ja":"管理費は通常の共用運営を賄い、大規模修繕のために貯めません。それは別建ての修繕積立金です。管理費の推移と所有者の滞納に注意しましょう。どちらも建物財務の健全性を示します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The management fee funds ordinary shared operations — cleaning, security, utilities for common areas.","It is not saved for major repairs; the repair reserve handles those.","Watch the fee trend and owner arrears as signals of financial health.","A very low fee can mean under-provision, not efficiency."],"ja":["管理費は通常の共用運営(清掃・警備・共用部の光熱費)を賄う。","大規模修繕のためには貯めない。それは修繕積立金。","管理費の推移と所有者の滞納を財務健全性の signal として見る。","極端に低い費用は効率でなく手当て不足のことがある。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-it-funds","heading":{"en":"What the management fee funds","ja":"管理費が賄うもの"},"body":{"en":["The management fee (管理費) pays for the ordinary shared operations of the building — cleaning, security, utilities for common areas, day-to-day management, and minor upkeep. Crucially, it is an operating cost, not money saved for major repairs: the repair reserve (修繕積立金) is the fund for long-term capital works. Confusing the two leads owners to think a building is well-funded when only its operating budget is covered and its repair reserve is thin."],"ja":["管理費は、建物の通常の共用運営(清掃・警備・共用部の光熱費・日々の管理・小さな手入れ)を賄います。重要なのは、これは営業費用であって大規模修繕のために貯めるお金ではないことです。修繕積立金が長期の資本工事のための資金です。この二つを混同すると、営業予算だけが賄われ修繕積立が薄いのに、建物が十分な資金を持つと所有者が誤解します。"]}},{"id":"trends-arrears","heading":{"en":"Trends and arrears","ja":"推移と滞納"},"body":{"en":["When you evaluate a building, watch the management-fee trend and owner arrears. A rising fee can reflect real cost increases or a building catching up on under-provision; persistent arrears mean some owners are not paying, which strains the budget and can foreshadow deeper governance problems. A very low fee is not automatically a benefit — it can mean the building under-provides for its common areas. Read the accounts and minutes alongside the fee, and judge the fee in the context of the repair reserve and the building’s overall financial health.","Key points to carry away: The management fee funds ordinary shared operations — cleaning, security, utilities for common areas; It is not saved for major repairs; the repair reserve handles those; Watch the fee trend and owner arrears as signals of financial health; A very low fee can mean under-provision, not efficiency. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["建物を評価するときは、管理費の推移と所有者の滞納を見ます。管理費の上昇は、実際の費用増や手当て不足の是正を映し得ます。滞納の常態化は一部の所有者が払っていないことを意味し、予算を圧迫し、より深い運営の問題を予兆し得ます。極端に低い費用は自動的な利点ではありません。共用部への手当て不足を意味し得ます。会計と議事録を費用とともに読み、修繕積立金と建物全体の財務健全性の文脈で費用を判断しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：管理費は通常の共用運営(清掃・警備・共用部の光熱費)を賄う。大規模修繕のためには貯めない。それは修繕積立金。管理費の推移と所有者の滞納を財務健全性の signal として見る。極端に低い費用は効率でなく手当て不足のことがある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Condominium buyers","Owners comparing building costs"],"ja":["マンションの買い手","建物の費用を比較する所有者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for the building accounts"],"ja":["建物の会計の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["The management fee is not saved for major repairs; a low fee can mean under-provision, not efficiency."],"ja":["管理費は大規模修繕のために貯めません。低い費用は効率でなく手当て不足のことがあります。"]},"faqs":["loan-condo-fees","loan-repair-reserve"],"sources":["mlit-repair-plan","mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["condo-repair-reserve","evaluating-condominium","condominium-rules"]},{"slug":"house-maintenance-costs","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"House maintenance costs","ja":"一戸建ての維持費"},"summary":{"en":"Roof, exterior, equipment, drainage, termite, and a private reserve.","ja":"屋根・外装・設備・排水・シロアリと私的な積立。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A house owner bears roof, exterior, structure, drainage, equipment, and termite costs directly and unevenly over time, so self-fund a private maintenance reserve — the equivalent of a condominium’s repair reserve, but which no one collects for you.","ja":"一戸建て所有者は、屋根・外装・構造・排水・設備・シロアリの費用を、時間とともに直接かつ不均等に負担します。マンションの修繕積立金に相当する私的な維持積立を、誰も集めてくれないので自分で用意しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A house owner directly bears roof, exterior, structure, drainage, equipment, and termite costs.","These costs land unevenly over time — some years are cheap, some are expensive.","Self-fund a private maintenance reserve; no one collects one for you.","Plan a maintenance schedule rather than reacting to failures."],"ja":["一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・構造・排水・設備・シロアリの費用を直接負担する。","これらの費用は時間とともに不均等に来る。安い年も高い年もある。","私的な維持積立を自分で用意する。誰も集めてくれない。","故障に反応するのでなく維持計画を立てる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-costs","heading":{"en":"The costs a house owner bears","ja":"一戸建て所有者が負担する費用"},"body":{"en":["Unlike a condominium owner, a house owner has no association collecting a repair reserve — you bear the roof, exterior, structure, drainage, equipment, and termite costs directly. These land unevenly: some years you spend little, and then a roof, exterior repaint, or drainage or termite job arrives as a large single cost. The freedom of a house (no management fee, full control) comes with the responsibility of funding and scheduling all of this yourself."],"ja":["マンション所有者と違い、一戸建て所有者には修繕積立金を集める組合がなく、屋根・外装・構造・排水・設備・シロアリの費用を直接負担します。これらは不均等に来ます。ほとんど使わない年もあれば、屋根・外壁の再塗装・排水やシロアリの工事が大きな単発費用として来る年もあります。一戸建ての自由(管理費なし・完全な制御)には、これらすべてを自分で資金手当てし計画する責任が伴います。"]}},{"id":"private-reserve","heading":{"en":"Fund a private reserve and plan a schedule","ja":"私的な積立と計画"},"body":{"en":["Self-fund a private maintenance reserve — set aside money each month as a condominium would, so a big repair does not become a crisis. Plan a maintenance schedule rather than reacting to failures: know roughly when the roof, exterior, water heater, and other equipment will need attention, and budget ahead. Regular small maintenance often prevents larger costs later. Treat the private reserve as a non-negotiable part of owning a house, not an optional extra, because deferred maintenance compounds into expensive structural problems.","Key points to carry away: A house owner directly bears roof, exterior, structure, drainage, equipment, and termite costs; These costs land unevenly over time — some years are cheap, some are expensive; Self-fund a private maintenance reserve; no one collects one for you; Plan a maintenance schedule rather than reacting to failures. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["私的な維持積立を自分で用意しましょう。マンションのように毎月お金を取り分け、大きな修繕が危機にならないようにします。故障に反応するのでなく維持計画を立てます。屋根・外壁・給湯器などの設備がいつ頃手入れを要するかを把握し、前もって予算化します。定期的な小さな維持は後の大きな費用をしばしば防ぎます。私的な積立を、任意の追加でなく一戸建て所有の譲れない一部と捉えましょう。先送りした維持は高額な構造問題に膨らみます。","押さえておきたい要点：一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・構造・排水・設備・シロアリの費用を直接負担する。これらの費用は時間とともに不均等に来る。安い年も高い年もある。私的な維持積立を自分で用意する。誰も集めてくれない。故障に反応するのでなく維持計画を立てる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["House owners and buyers","Anyone comparing house vs condo costs"],"ja":["一戸建ての所有者・買い手","一戸建てとマンションの費用を比較する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Condominium-specific fee guidance"],"ja":["マンション固有の費用の案内"]},"warnings":{"en":["No one collects a repair reserve for a house; deferred maintenance compounds into expensive structural problems."],"ja":["一戸建ての修繕積立を集めてくれる人はいません。先送りの維持は高額な構造問題に膨らみます。"]},"faqs":["loan-emergency-cash-owner"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["house-vs-condominium","renovation-costs-financing","homeownership-japan"]},{"slug":"renovation-costs-financing","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Renovation costs and financing","ja":"リフォームの費用と資金"},"summary":{"en":"Scope, bids, contingencies, renovation loans, and over-improvement.","ja":"範囲・見積り・予備費・リフォームローン・過剰投資。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Define the scope, get scope-aligned bids with drawings and exclusions, hold a contingency, and finance with a mortgage-secured or purchase-plus-renovation loan where possible — and avoid over-improving beyond what the local market will pay.","ja":"範囲を定め、図面と除外を伴う範囲に合った見積りを取り、予備費を持ち、可能なら抵当権付きや購入＋リフォーム一体型で資金調達し、地域相場が払う以上の過剰投資を避けます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Define the scope and get bids aligned to it, with drawings and clear exclusions.","Hold a contingency for the surprises an old building often hides.","Mortgage-secured or purchase-plus-renovation financing is cheaper than unsecured.","Avoid over-improving beyond what the local market will pay."],"ja":["範囲を定め、それに合った見積りを図面と明確な除外とともに取る。","古い建物が隠しがちな想定外のための予備費を持つ。","抵当権付きや購入＋リフォーム一体型は無担保より安い。","地域相場が払う以上の過剰投資を避ける。"]},"sections":[{"id":"scope-and-bids","heading":{"en":"Scope, bids, and contingency","ja":"範囲・見積り・予備費"},"body":{"en":["Start by defining the scope precisely, then obtain scope-aligned bids that include drawings, clear exclusions, a warranty, license verification, and a payment schedule tied to milestones — do not accept a renovation quote without those. Hold a contingency, because opening up an older building often reveals hidden structural, plumbing, or electrical work that was not visible at bidding. A contingency turns a nasty surprise into a planned cost rather than a crisis."],"ja":["まず範囲を正確に定め、図面・明確な除外・保証・免許の確認・出来高に連動した支払い計画を含む、範囲に合った見積りを取ります。これらのないリフォーム見積りは受けないこと。予備費を持ちましょう。古い建物を開けると、見積り時に見えなかった隠れた構造・配管・電気の工事がしばしば現れるためです。予備費は嫌な驚きを危機でなく計画された費用に変えます。"]}},{"id":"financing-and-over","heading":{"en":"Financing and over-improvement","ja":"資金と過剰投資"},"body":{"en":["Where possible, finance renovation with a mortgage-secured or purchase-plus-renovation loan rather than an unsecured renovation loan, which is usually more expensive. Weigh the cost of the work against a realistic estimate of the value it adds: essential repairs and value-preserving improvements protect the home, but highly personalized finishes or work that costs more than the local market will pay may not be recovered on resale. Over-improvement is a common, avoidable mistake — especially if you may sell within a few years.","Key points to carry away: Define the scope and get bids aligned to it, with drawings and clear exclusions; Hold a contingency for the surprises an old building often hides; Mortgage-secured or purchase-plus-renovation financing is cheaper than unsecured; Avoid over-improving beyond what the local market will pay. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["可能なら、通常割高な無担保リフォームローンでなく、抵当権付きや購入＋リフォーム一体型で資金調達します。工事費を、それが加える価値の現実的な見積りと比較しましょう。必要な修繕や価値を保つ改良は住まいを守りますが、極めて個性的な仕上げや地域相場を超える工事は売却で回収できないことがあります。過剰投資はよくあり避けられる失敗で、特に数年で売る可能性があるならなおさらです。","押さえておきたい要点：範囲を定め、それに合った見積りを図面と明確な除外とともに取る。古い建物が隠しがちな想定外のための予備費を持つ。抵当権付きや購入＋リフォーム一体型は無担保より安い。地域相場が払う以上の過剰投資を避ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers planning a renovation","Owners weighing a remodel"],"ja":["リフォームを計画する買い手","改装を検討する所有者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A construction-cost estimate"],"ja":["工事費の見積り"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never sign a renovation contract without drawings, scope, exclusions, warranty, and milestone payments."],"ja":["図面・範囲・除外・保証・出来高払いのないリフォーム契約に署名しないこと。"]},"faqs":["loan-renovation-increase-value","loan-renovation-in-mortgage","loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["renovation-loans","evaluating-used-property","renovation-services"]},{"slug":"selling-property-costs","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Costs of selling property","ja":"不動産売却の費用"},"summary":{"en":"Brokerage, mortgage release, legal costs, repairs, tax, and net proceeds.","ja":"仲介・抵当抹消・法務費用・修繕・税・手取り。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Selling reduces your net proceeds through brokerage commission, mortgage release and registration, legal costs, any repairs, and capital-gains tax — so calculate net proceeds after all of these, not the headline sale price.","ja":"売却は、仲介手数料・抵当権抹消と登記・法務費用・修繕・譲渡所得税により手取りを減らします。表面の売却価格でなく、これらすべての後の手取りを計算しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Brokerage commission on the sale reduces proceeds.","Releasing the mortgage and registration has costs.","Repairs, legal costs, and capital-gains tax further reduce net proceeds.","Calculate net proceeds, not the headline sale price."],"ja":["売却の仲介手数料が手取りを減らす。","抵当権の抹消と登記に費用がかかる。","修繕・法務費用・譲渡所得税がさらに手取りを減らす。","表面の売却価格でなく手取りを計算する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-reduces-proceeds","heading":{"en":"What reduces your proceeds","ja":"手取りを減らすもの"},"body":{"en":["Selling is not free. Brokerage commission on the sale (subject to the statutory maximum), the cost of releasing the existing mortgage and the associated registration, legal and judicial-scrivener costs, any repairs needed to sell, and capital-gains tax all reduce your net proceeds. A sale that looks profitable on the headline price can be much thinner once these are counted, and if you still owe more than the net proceeds, you must cover the shortfall to clear the mortgage."],"ja":["売却は無料ではありません。売却の仲介手数料(法定上限あり)、既存の抵当権の抹消と関連する登記の費用、法務・司法書士の費用、売却に必要な修繕、そして譲渡所得税がすべて手取りを減らします。表面価格では利益が出るように見える売却も、これらを数えるとずっと薄くなり得、手取りより残債が多ければ、抵当権を消すために不足分を自分で賄う必要があります。"]}},{"id":"net-proceeds","heading":{"en":"Calculate net proceeds","ja":"手取りを計算する"},"body":{"en":["Work out net proceeds — the sale price minus all selling costs, the outstanding mortgage, and the capital-gains tax on any taxable gain — before you decide to sell or set an asking price. A qualifying principal-residence sale may access a capital-gains deduction of up to ¥30 million subject to conditions, which can materially change the tax, so factor that in. The number that matters for your decision is what actually lands in your account, not the price on the listing.","Key points to carry away: Brokerage commission on the sale reduces proceeds; Releasing the mortgage and registration has costs; Repairs, legal costs, and capital-gains tax further reduce net proceeds; Calculate net proceeds, not the headline sale price. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["売却を決めるか売り出し価格を設定する前に、手取り(売却価格から全売却費用・残債・課税される譲渡益への税を引いたもの)を出しましょう。適格な自宅の売却は、条件付きで最大3,000万円の譲渡所得控除を使え、税を大きく変え得るため、それを織り込みます。判断に効く数字は、掲載の価格でなく実際に口座に入る額です。","押さえておきたい要点：売却の仲介手数料が手取りを減らす。抵当権の抹消と登記に費用がかかる。修繕・法務費用・譲渡所得税がさらに手取りを減らす。表面の売却価格でなく手取りを計算する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Owners considering a sale","Anyone estimating net proceeds"],"ja":["売却を検討する所有者","手取りを見積もる人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A tax computation"],"ja":["税額計算"]},"warnings":{"en":["If you owe more than the net proceeds, you must cover the shortfall to clear the mortgage."],"ja":["手取りより残債が多ければ、抵当権を消すため不足分を自分で賄う必要があります。"]},"faqs":["loan-selling-tax","loan-30-million-deduction"],"sources":["nta-home-sale-deduction","nta-property-sale"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-capital-gains-tax","property-resale-value","taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan"]},{"slug":"property-capital-gains-tax","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Capital-gains tax on property","ja":"不動産の譲渡所得税"},"summary":{"en":"Basis, allowable costs, holding period, and principal-residence relief.","ja":"取得費・認められる費用・保有期間・自宅の特例。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Capital-gains tax applies to the taxable gain after allowable basis, costs, and relief — not the gross price; sale price minus purchase price is not necessarily the gain, because depreciation and transaction costs affect basis, and a principal-residence sale may access a ¥30 million deduction.","ja":"譲渡所得税は、取得費・費用・特例の後の課税される譲渡益にかかり、総額ではありません。減価償却と取引費用が取得費に影響するため、売却価格−購入価格が必ずしも譲渡益ではなく、自宅の売却は3,000万円控除を使え得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Tax applies to the taxable gain after basis, allowable costs, and relief — not the gross price.","Depreciation and transaction costs affect the basis and the gain.","The holding period affects the applicable treatment.","A qualifying principal-residence sale may access a ¥30 million deduction."],"ja":["税は総額でなく、取得費・費用・特例の後の課税譲渡益にかかる。","減価償却と取引費用が取得費と譲渡益に影響する。","保有期間が適用される扱いに影響する。","適格な自宅の売却は3,000万円控除を使え得る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-gain-works","heading":{"en":"How the taxable gain works","ja":"課税譲渡益の仕組み"},"body":{"en":["Capital-gains tax (譲渡所得) applies to the taxable gain after the allowable basis, costs, and relief — not the gross sale price. Sale price minus purchase price is not necessarily the taxable gain: depreciation reduces the basis (especially for a property that was rented and depreciated), and allowable transaction costs on both purchase and sale affect the calculation. The holding period matters too, because a separate reduced-rate provision may apply to certain long-held residences. Keep the purchase contract, cost evidence, and renovation records, because you need them to establish the basis."],"ja":["譲渡所得税は、総額でなく、認められる取得費・費用・特例の後の課税譲渡益にかかります。売却価格−購入価格が必ずしも課税譲渡益ではありません。減価償却は取得費を減らし(特に賃貸で減価償却した物件)、購入と売却の双方の認められる取引費用が計算に影響します。保有期間も重要で、一定の長期保有の住宅には別の軽減税率が適用され得ます。取得費を立証するために、売買契約・費用の証拠・リフォームの記録を保管しましょう。"]}},{"id":"residence-relief","heading":{"en":"Principal-residence relief","ja":"自宅の特例"},"body":{"en":["A qualifying principal residence sold at a gain may be eligible for a deduction of up to ¥30 million from the taxable capital gain, subject to detailed conditions and interactions with other relief, and a separate reduced-rate provision may apply to certain long-held residences. These reliefs can materially change or eliminate the tax, but they are conditional and can interact with the mortgage deduction and restricted years, so obtain tax advice. Do not assume the relief applies — confirm your eligibility for your specific sale and year with a tax accountant or the National Tax Agency.","Key points to carry away: Tax applies to the taxable gain after basis, allowable costs, and relief — not the gross price; Depreciation and transaction costs affect the basis and the gain; The holding period affects the applicable treatment; A qualifying principal-residence sale may access a ¥30 million deduction. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["利益が出た適格な自宅の売却は、詳細な条件と他の特例との関係に服して、課税譲渡益から最大3,000万円の控除を受けられ得、一定の長期保有の住宅には別の軽減税率が適用され得ます。これらの特例は税を大きく変えるか消し得ますが、条件付きで、住宅ローン控除や制限年と相互作用し得るため、税務の助言を受けましょう。特例が適用されると仮定せず、具体的な売却と年について、税理士や国税庁に適格性を確認しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：税は総額でなく、取得費・費用・特例の後の課税譲渡益にかかる。減価償却と取引費用が取得費と譲渡益に影響する。保有期間が適用される扱いに影響する。適格な自宅の売却は3,000万円控除を使え得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Owners selling at a gain","Anyone estimating the tax on a sale"],"ja":["利益が出て売却する所有者","売却の税を見積もる人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A tax computation or filing"],"ja":["税額計算や申告"]},"warnings":{"en":["Sale price minus purchase price is not the taxable gain; depreciation and costs affect the basis — get tax advice."],"ja":["売却価格−購入価格は課税譲渡益ではありません。減価償却と費用が取得費に影響します。税務の助言を。"]},"faqs":["loan-selling-tax","loan-sale-price-minus-purchase","loan-30-million-deduction"],"sources":["nta-property-sale","nta-home-sale-deduction"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["selling-property-costs","rental-property-tax","taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan"]},{"slug":"rental-property-tax","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Rental-income tax for property owners","ja":"不動産オーナーの家賃収入の税"},"summary":{"en":"Income, expenses, depreciation, interest, and repairs vs improvements.","ja":"収入・経費・減価償却・利息・修繕と資本的支出。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Net rental income is generally taxable and must be reported; you can deduct allowable expenses, depreciation, and mortgage interest — but not principal — and you must distinguish deductible repairs from capitalized improvements.","ja":"純家賃収入は原則課税され、申告が必要です。認められる経費・減価償却・住宅ローン利息は控除できますが元金はできず、控除できる修繕と資産計上する改良を区別する必要があります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Net rental income is generally taxable and must be reported.","You cannot deduct the full mortgage payment — principal is not an expense.","Mortgage interest may be deductible, with limitations and allocation.","Depreciation is a non-cash deduction; repairs and improvements are treated differently."],"ja":["純家賃収入は原則課税され申告が必要。","住宅ローンの支払い全額は控除できない。元金は経費でない。","住宅ローン利息は制限と按分の下で控除され得る。","減価償却は非現金の控除。修繕と改良は扱いが異なる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"income-and-expenses","heading":{"en":"Income, expenses, and interest","ja":"収入・経費・利息"},"body":{"en":["Net taxable rental income (不動産所得) must generally be reported: it is the rent received minus allowable expenses. You cannot deduct the full mortgage payment from rent — principal is not ordinarily a deductible expense, though mortgage interest may be deductible under the income-tax rules, with limitations and allocation issues. Allowable expenses typically include management and association fees, owner-paid utilities, insurance, fixed-asset and city-planning tax, leasing commissions, and maintenance. Keep clear records, because the classification of costs determines the tax."],"ja":["純課税不動産所得は原則申告が必要で、受け取った家賃から認められる経費を引いたものです。住宅ローンの支払い全額を家賃から控除はできません。元金は通常控除できる経費ではなく、住宅ローン利息は制限と按分の問題の下で所得税のルールで控除され得ます。認められる経費には通常、管理費・組合費・オーナー負担の光熱費・保険・固定資産税と都市計画税・客付け手数料・維持が含まれます。費用の区分が税を決めるため、明確な記録を保ちましょう。"]}},{"id":"depreciation-repairs","heading":{"en":"Depreciation and repairs vs improvements","ja":"減価償却と修繕・改良"},"body":{"en":["Depreciation is a tax accounting deduction, not cash income — it reduces taxable income without a cash outlay, based on the building’s allocated value and useful life, so the land/building allocation must be supported. You must also distinguish repairs from improvements: a deductible repair maintains the property, while a capital improvement is added to the basis and depreciated over time rather than fully deducted in the year. Getting this classification and the depreciation right requires care, so keep records and consider a tax accountant for a rental of any scale.","Key points to carry away: Net rental income is generally taxable and must be reported; You cannot deduct the full mortgage payment — principal is not an expense; Mortgage interest may be deductible, with limitations and allocation; Depreciation is a non-cash deduction; repairs and improvements are treated differently. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["減価償却は税務会計上の控除であり現金収入ではありません。建物の按分価値と耐用年数に基づき、現金支出なしに課税所得を減らすため、土地建物の按分を裏付ける必要があります。修繕と改良も区別しなければなりません。控除できる修繕は物件を維持し、資本的改良は取得費に加えられその年に全額控除でなく時間をかけて減価償却されます。この区分と減価償却を正しく行うには注意が要るため、記録を保ち、ある程度の規模の賃貸では税理士を検討しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：純家賃収入は原則課税され申告が必要。住宅ローンの支払い全額は控除できない。元金は経費でない。住宅ローン利息は制限と按分の下で控除され得る。減価償却は非現金の控除。修繕と改良は扱いが異なる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Rental-property owners","Owners renting out a former home"],"ja":["賃貸物件のオーナー","元自宅を貸すオーナー"]},"notFor":{"en":["A tax-filing substitute"],"ja":["確定申告の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["Principal is not a deductible expense; misclassifying repairs and improvements can misstate your tax."],"ja":["元金は控除できる経費ではありません。修繕と改良の誤分類は税を誤らせ得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-rental-income-taxable","loan-deduct-mortgage-from-rent","loan-interest-deductible-rental","loan-depreciation-cash"],"sources":["nta-real-estate-income","nta-depreciation"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-investment-japan","renting-out-mortgaged-home","rental-income-tax-for-landlords"]},{"slug":"property-inheritance-gifts","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Inheriting or gifting Japanese property","ja":"日本の不動産の相続・贈与"},"summary":{"en":"Ownership registration, valuation, financing, and professional support.","ja":"所有権登記・評価・資金・専門家の支援。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Inheriting or gifting property involves ownership registration (now mandatory for inherited land under the amended system), valuation for tax, financing where relevant, and gift-tax exposure when contributions and ownership differ — get professional planning.","ja":"不動産の相続・贈与は、所有権登記(改正制度で相続した土地の登記が義務化)、税のための評価、必要な場合の資金、拠出と所有が異なるときの贈与税を伴います。専門家の計画を受けましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Inheritance land registration is now mandatory under the amended system.","Property is valued for inheritance and gift tax by set rules, not the price you paid.","Unequal payments between spouses can create gift-tax issues.","Ownership structure, valuations, and residence all affect the outcome — get advice."],"ja":["相続の土地登記は改正制度で義務化された。","不動産は相続・贈与税で、払った価格でなく所定のルールで評価される。","夫婦間の不均等な支払いは贈与税の問題を生み得る。","所有の構造・評価・居住が結果に影響する。助言を受ける。"]},"sections":[{"id":"registration-valuation","heading":{"en":"Registration and valuation","ja":"登記と評価"},"body":{"en":["Inheriting property now carries a registration obligation: inheritance-registration obligations apply under the amended system, with deadlines and transition rules that require review, so do not leave inherited land unregistered. For inheritance and gift tax, property is valued by set rules rather than the price you paid, and the ownership structure and residence affect the outcome. Because these rules are technical and carry deadlines, treat an inheritance or gift as a matter to plan, not to postpone."],"ja":["不動産の相続には今や登記義務が伴います。改正制度の下で相続登記の義務が適用され、確認を要する期限と経過措置があるため、相続した土地を未登記のままにしないこと。相続・贈与税では、不動産は払った価格でなく所定のルールで評価され、所有の構造と居住が結果に影響します。これらのルールは専門的で期限があるため、相続や贈与を先延ばしにせず計画すべき事柄として扱いましょう。"]}},{"id":"ownership-and-advice","heading":{"en":"Ownership, gift tax, and advice","ja":"所有・贈与税・助言"},"body":{"en":["Ownership structure matters. Spouses should own in shares that reflect their actual contributions, because unequal payments relative to legal ownership can create gift-tax issues — a 50/50 split makes sense only if contributions, debt, gift-tax, control, and future-sale consequences support it. Where financing, an estate, or cross-border elements are involved, the interactions get complex quickly. Get professional support from a tax accountant and, where appropriate, a lawyer or judicial scrivener, so the ownership, valuation, financing, and registration are handled correctly.","Key points to carry away: Inheritance land registration is now mandatory under the amended system; Property is valued for inheritance and gift tax by set rules, not the price you paid; Unequal payments between spouses can create gift-tax issues; Ownership structure, valuations, and residence all affect the outcome — get advice. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["所有の構造が重要です。夫婦は実際の拠出を反映した持分で所有すべきです。法的所有に対する不均等な支払いは贈与税の問題を生み得るためです。50/50は、拠出・債務・贈与税・支配・将来の売却への影響がそれを支持する場合のみ理にかないます。資金・相続・クロスボーダーの要素が絡むと、相互作用はすぐ複雑になります。所有・評価・資金・登記が正しく扱われるよう、税理士、必要に応じて弁護士や司法書士の専門的支援を受けましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：相続の土地登記は改正制度で義務化された。不動産は相続・贈与税で、払った価格でなく所定のルールで評価される。夫婦間の不均等な支払いは贈与税の問題を生み得る。所有の構造・評価・居住が結果に影響する。助言を受ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Families inheriting or gifting property","Couples deciding ownership shares"],"ja":["不動産を相続・贈与する家族","所有持分を決める夫婦"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for tax and legal planning"],"ja":["税務・法務の計画の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["Inheritance land registration is now mandatory; unequal spousal contributions can trigger gift tax — get advice."],"ja":["相続の土地登記は義務です。夫婦の不均等な拠出は贈与税を招き得ます。助言を受けましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-inheritance-registration","loan-spouses-5050","loan-unequal-gift-tax"],"sources":["moj-inheritance-registration","nta-property-sale"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["parent-child-relay-mortgages","property-capital-gains-tax"]},{"slug":"consumer-loans","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Consumer loans in Japan","ja":"日本の消費者ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Providers, rates, the statutory borrowing limit, appropriate uses, and danger signs.","ja":"提供者・金利・総量規制・適切な用途・危険な兆候。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Consumer loans from licensed moneylenders carry high, often double-digit rates and are subject to the one-third-of-income aggregate borrowing limit; they suit only a short, necessary, repayable emergency — never a recurring living deficit or a long-lived asset.","ja":"貸金業者の消費者ローンは高い(多くは二桁の)金利で、年収3分の1の総量規制の対象です。短く必要で返済可能な緊急時にのみ向き、継続的な生活赤字や長寿命資産には決して向きません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["High, often double-digit rates from licensed moneylenders.","Subject to the one-third-of-income aggregate borrowing limit.","Suitable only for a short, necessary, repayable emergency.","Never finance a recurring living deficit or a long-lived asset with one."],"ja":["貸金業者からの高い(多くは二桁の)金利。","年収3分の1の総量規制の対象。","短く必要で返済可能な緊急時にのみ適する。","継続的な生活赤字や長寿命資産の資金にしない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-they-are","heading":{"en":"What consumer loans are","ja":"消費者ローンとは"},"body":{"en":["Consumer loans and finance-company cash advances are covered moneylender borrowing, generally subject to the aggregate borrowing limit under the Money Lending Business Act — new moneylender borrowing is normally restricted once covered balances exceed one-third of annual income. They carry high, often double-digit interest rates, which is the price of unsecured, fast credit. Used sparingly for a genuine short emergency they can help; used as a habit they are expensive and dangerous."],"ja":["消費者ローンや信販会社のキャッシングは対象となる貸金業の借入で、貸金業法の総量規制の対象です。対象残高が年収の3分の1を超えると新規の貸金業者からの借入が原則制限されます。高い(多くは二桁の)金利を伴い、これは無担保・迅速な信用の代償です。本当に短い緊急時に控えめに使えば役立ち得ますが、習慣として使うと高くつき危険です。"]}},{"id":"danger-signs","heading":{"en":"Appropriate use and danger signs","ja":"適切な用途と危険な兆候"},"body":{"en":["A consumer loan is appropriate only for a short, necessary, repayable emergency — and never for a long-lived asset (finance those with a secured, cheaper loan) or a recurring living deficit. The danger signs are borrowing to cover everyday shortfalls, refinancing one loan with another, or relying on the loan while the underlying budget stays negative. If you are using a consumer loan to get through the month, the problem is the budget, not the loan, and more high-rate debt deepens it. Remember card-loan and consumer-loan use can also hurt a future mortgage application through the balance, repayment burden, and credit behavior.","Key points to carry away: High, often double-digit rates from licensed moneylenders; Subject to the one-third-of-income aggregate borrowing limit; Suitable only for a short, necessary, repayable emergency; Never finance a recurring living deficit or a long-lived asset with one. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["消費者ローンは、短く必要で返済可能な緊急時にのみ適し、長寿命資産(担保付きの安いローンで)や継続的な生活赤字には決して向きません。危険な兆候は、日々の不足を借りて埋める、あるローンを別のローンで借り換える、家計が赤字のままローンに頼る、ことです。月をしのぐために消費者ローンを使っているなら、問題はローンでなく家計で、さらなる高金利の債務は深めます。カードローンや消費者ローンの利用は、残高・返済負担・信用行動を通じて将来の住宅ローン審査にも響き得ることを覚えておきましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：貸金業者からの高い(多くは二桁の)金利。年収3分の1の総量規制の対象。短く必要で返済可能な緊急時にのみ適する。継続的な生活赤字や長寿命資産の資金にしない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone facing a genuine short emergency","People checking the borrowing limit"],"ja":["本当に短い緊急に直面する人","借入限度を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Covering recurring living costs","Financing a long-lived asset"],"ja":["継続的な生活費の穴埋め","長寿命資産の資金調達"]},"warnings":{"en":["If you are using a consumer loan to get through the month, the problem is the budget; more high-rate debt deepens it."],"ja":["月をしのぐために消費者ローンを使うなら問題は家計です。さらなる高金利債務は深めます。"]},"faqs":["loan-onethird-rule","loan-finance-company-covered","loan-card-loan-mortgage"],"sources":["fsa-moneylending","cic-credit"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["bank-card-loans","consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","debt-warning-signs","secured-vs-unsecured"]},{"slug":"bank-card-loans","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Bank card loans","ja":"銀行カードローン"},"summary":{"en":"Revolving structure, minimum payments, rates, limits, and mortgage impact.","ja":"リボの構造・最低返済・金利・限度・住宅ローンへの影響。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A bank card loan is a revolving unsecured credit line; it sits outside the moneylender one-third rule but banks impose their own limits, the rates are still often high, and its balance and repayment behavior can hurt a future mortgage application.","ja":"銀行カードローンはリボ払いの無担保信用枠です。貸金業の3分の1規制の外ですが銀行は独自の限度を設け、金利は依然高いことが多く、その残高と返済行動は将来の住宅ローン審査に響き得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A revolving unsecured credit line from a bank.","Outside the moneylender one-third rule, but banks set their own limits.","Rates are still often high, and minimum payments can trap a balance.","The balance and repayment behavior can hurt a future mortgage application."],"ja":["銀行のリボ払い無担保信用枠。","貸金業の3分の1規制の外だが銀行は独自の限度を設ける。","金利は依然高いことが多く、最低返済が残高を長引かせる。","残高と返済行動が将来の住宅ローン審査に響き得る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"revolving","heading":{"en":"The revolving structure","ja":"リボの構造"},"body":{"en":["A bank card loan is a revolving unsecured credit line from a bank: you can draw up to a limit and repay flexibly. Bank lending sits outside the statutory one-third moneylender rule, though banks impose their own affordability limits. The rates are still often high, and the revolving structure with a low minimum payment is the trap — paying only the minimum can keep a balance alive for years while interest accumulates, so it feels manageable while quietly costing a great deal."],"ja":["銀行カードローンは、銀行のリボ払い無担保信用枠で、限度まで引き出し柔軟に返済できます。銀行融資は貸金業の3分の1規制の外ですが、銀行は独自の返済能力の限度を設けます。金利は依然高いことが多く、低い最低返済のリボ構造が罠です。最低額だけを払うと、利息が積み上がる間、残高が何年も生き続け、管理できているように感じながら静かに大きな費用がかかります。"]}},{"id":"mortgage-impact","heading":{"en":"Impact on a mortgage","ja":"住宅ローンへの影響"},"body":{"en":["Card-loan use can hurt a mortgage approval through the balance, the repayment burden it adds to your debt-service ratio, and your credit behavior. Even an unused card-loan limit can reduce your borrowing headroom, because a lender may treat available credit as potential debt. If you plan to apply for a mortgage, keep balances low, avoid revolving debt in the run-up, and consider closing unnecessary revolving credit where appropriate. A bank card loan is for limited short-term liquidity, not a standing source of funds.","Key points to carry away: A revolving unsecured credit line from a bank; Outside the moneylender one-third rule, but banks set their own limits; Rates are still often high, and minimum payments can trap a balance; The balance and repayment behavior can hurt a future mortgage application. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["カードローンの利用は、残高・返済負担率に加わる返済負担・信用行動を通じて住宅ローンの承認に響き得ます。使っていないカードローンの枠でさえ、貸し手が利用可能な信用を潜在的な債務と扱い得るため、借入余力を減らし得ます。住宅ローンを申し込む予定なら、残高を低く保ち、直前はリボ債務を避け、適切な場合は不要なリボ信用の解約を検討しましょう。銀行カードローンは限られた短期の流動性のためのもので、常設の資金源ではありません。","押さえておきたい要点：銀行のリボ払い無担保信用枠。貸金業の3分の1規制の外だが銀行は独自の限度を設ける。金利は依然高いことが多く、最低返済が残高を長引かせる。残高と返済行動が将来の住宅ローン審査に響き得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People weighing a card loan","Anyone about to apply for a mortgage"],"ja":["カードローンを検討する人","まもなく住宅ローンを申し込む人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A standing source of funds"],"ja":["常設の資金源"]},"warnings":{"en":["An unused card-loan limit can reduce your mortgage headroom; keep balances low and consider closing unneeded credit."],"ja":["使っていないカードローンの枠でも住宅ローンの余力を減らし得ます。残高を低く保ち、不要な信用の解約を検討しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-bank-card-loan","loan-card-loan-onethird","loan-card-loan-mortgage"],"sources":["fsa-moneylending","cic-credit"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["consumer-loans","consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","debt-before-mortgage"]},{"slug":"credit-company-loans","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Credit-company loans","ja":"信販・クレジット会社のローン"},"summary":{"en":"Finance companies, screening, rates, total cost, and regulation.","ja":"信販会社・審査・金利・総コスト・規制。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Finance and credit companies offer installment and cash-advance credit that is generally covered moneylender borrowing under the one-third rule; screen the rate and total cost carefully, because convenience at the point of sale often costs more than a bank loan.","ja":"信販・クレジット会社は、原則3分の1規制の対象となる分割払いやキャッシングの信用を提供します。金利と総コストを丁寧に確認しましょう。販売時の便利さは銀行ローンより高くつくことが多いです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Finance companies offer installment and cash-advance credit.","Cash advances are generally covered moneylender borrowing under the one-third rule.","Point-of-sale convenience often costs more than a bank loan.","Compare the rate and total cost, not just the monthly payment."],"ja":["信販会社は分割払いやキャッシングの信用を提供する。","キャッシングは原則、3分の1規制の対象となる貸金業の借入。","販売時の便利さは銀行ローンより高くつくことが多い。","月々でなく金利と総コストを比較する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-they-are","heading":{"en":"What credit-company loans are","ja":"信販ローンとは"},"body":{"en":["Finance and credit companies (信販会社) offer installment credit for purchases and cash advances, screening applicants and pricing according to risk. Cash advances from these companies are generally covered moneylender borrowing, so they count toward the one-third-of-income aggregate limit, while installment purchase credit is structured differently. The convenience is that the credit is available at the point of sale — but that convenience often carries a higher total cost than arranging a bank loan in advance."],"ja":["信販・クレジット会社は、購入のための分割払い信用やキャッシングを提供し、申込者を審査しリスクに応じて価格を決めます。これらの会社のキャッシングは原則、対象となる貸金業の借入なので、年収3分の1の総量規制に算入され、分割払いの購入信用は別の構造です。便利さは信用が販売時に利用できることですが、その便利さはしばしば、事前に銀行ローンを手配するより高い総コストを伴います。"]}},{"id":"total-cost","heading":{"en":"Screen the total cost","ja":"総コストを確認する"},"body":{"en":["Screen the rate and total cost carefully, and compare against a bank loan for the same purchase. A low advertised monthly payment can hide a high total finance cost, especially over a long term or with a balloon. Because these products are regulated and reported to credit-information organizations, their use also appears in your credit records and affects future borrowing. Use them deliberately, understanding the full cost, rather than accepting the default finance offered at checkout.","Key points to carry away: Finance companies offer installment and cash-advance credit; Cash advances are generally covered moneylender borrowing under the one-third rule; Point-of-sale convenience often costs more than a bank loan; Compare the rate and total cost, not just the monthly payment. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["金利と総コストを丁寧に確認し、同じ購入について銀行ローンと比較します。低い広告の月々は、特に長期やバルーンで、高い総融資コストを隠し得ます。これらの商品は規制され信用情報機関に報告されるため、その利用は信用情報にも現れ将来の借入に影響します。会計時に提示される既定の分割払いを受け入れるのでなく、総コストを理解して意図的に使いましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：信販会社は分割払いやキャッシングの信用を提供する。キャッシングは原則、3分の1規制の対象となる貸金業の借入。販売時の便利さは銀行ローンより高くつくことが多い。月々でなく金利と総コストを比較する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Shoppers offered point-of-sale finance","Anyone comparing finance options"],"ja":["販売時の分割払いを提示された人","融資の選択肢を比較する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A recommendation of a specific finance product"],"ja":["特定の分割商品の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["A low monthly payment can hide a high total finance cost; compare against a bank loan before accepting checkout finance."],"ja":["低い月々は高い総融資コストを隠し得ます。会計時の分割を受ける前に銀行ローンと比較しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-finance-company-covered"],"sources":["fsa-moneylending","cic-credit"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["consumer-loans","car-loans","secured-vs-unsecured"]},{"slug":"car-loans","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Car loans in Japan","ja":"日本の自動車ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Bank loans, dealer finance, residual-value loans, and balloon risk.","ja":"銀行ローン・ディーラー分割・残価ローン・バルーンのリスク。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Negotiate the vehicle’s cash price first, then compare a bank auto loan against dealer finance on total cost; be wary of residual-value (balloon) structures that assume you can always refinance or resell, and avoid a term longer than the car’s useful life.","ja":"まず車両の現金価格を交渉し、次に総コストで銀行の自動車ローンとディーラー分割を比較します。常に借換や転売ができると仮定する残価(バルーン)構造に注意し、車の耐用年数を超える期間を避けます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Negotiate the cash vehicle price separately from the finance.","A bank auto loan often shows a clearer interest cost; you usually own the car.","Dealer finance is convenient but can bundle discounts with a residual-value balloon.","Avoid a term longer than the car’s useful life."],"ja":["車両の現金価格を融資と別に交渉する。","銀行の自動車ローンは利息が明確なことが多く、通常は車を所有する。","ディーラー分割は便利だが値引きと残価バルーンを抱き合わせ得る。","車の耐用年数を超える期間を避ける。"]},"sections":[{"id":"bank-vs-dealer","heading":{"en":"Bank loan vs dealer finance","ja":"銀行ローンとディーラー分割"},"body":{"en":["A car loan can come from a bank (or affiliated lender) or from dealer finance arranged at the point of sale. A bank auto loan often shows a clearer interest cost and typically leaves you owning the vehicle outright. Dealer finance is convenient and may come with promotional discounts or a residual-value (balloon) plan that lowers monthly payments by assuming a future vehicle value. The catch is that dealer discounts and finance terms are often intertwined, so a \"cheap\" finance rate can accompany a higher vehicle price."],"ja":["自動車ローンは、銀行(または提携先)か、販売時に手配されるディーラー分割から得られます。銀行の自動車ローンは利息が明確なことが多く、通常は車を完全に所有します。ディーラー分割は便利で、販促値引きや、将来の車両価値を前提に月々を下げる残価(バルーン)プランが付き得ます。落とし穴は、ディーラーの値引きと融資条件がしばしば絡み合うことです。「安い」融資金利が高い車両価格を伴い得ます。"]}},{"id":"balloon-and-term","heading":{"en":"Balloon risk and term","ja":"バルーンのリスクと期間"},"body":{"en":["Separate the two decisions: negotiate the cash price of the vehicle as if paying cash, then compare financing on the total finance cost for that price. Residual-value financing bases payments partly on an assumed future vehicle value, leaving a balloon or return conditions — it is dangerous when you assume refinancing or resale will always cover the balloon. A car is a depreciating asset, so avoid an excessive vehicle price, a balloon you cannot fund, and a term stretching beyond the car’s useful life.","Key points to carry away: Negotiate the cash vehicle price separately from the finance; A bank auto loan often shows a clearer interest cost; you usually own the car; Dealer finance is convenient but can bundle discounts with a residual-value balloon; Avoid a term longer than the car’s useful life. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["二つの判断を分けます。現金払いのつもりで車両の現金価格を交渉し、次にその価格に対する総融資コストで融資を比較します。残価型は、想定される将来の車両価値に一部基づいて支払いを決め、バルーンや返却条件を残します。借換や転売が常にバルーンを賄うと仮定すると危険です。車は減価資産なので、過大な車両価格・賄えないバルーン・車の耐用年数を超える期間を避けましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：車両の現金価格を融資と別に交渉する。銀行の自動車ローンは利息が明確なことが多く、通常は車を所有する。ディーラー分割は便利だが値引きと残価バルーンを抱き合わせ得る。車の耐用年数を超える期間を避ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Car buyers weighing finance","Anyone offered dealer finance"],"ja":["融資を検討する車の買い手","ディーラー分割を提示された人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A recommendation of a specific loan"],"ja":["特定のローンの推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["A residual-value plan assumes you can always refinance or resell to cover the balloon; that assumption can fail."],"ja":["残価プランは常に借換や転売でバルーンを賄えると仮定します。その仮定は崩れ得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-auto-bank-loan","loan-dealer-financing-cheaper","loan-residual-value"],"sources":["fsa-moneylending"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["bank-vs-dealer-car-loan","secured-vs-unsecured"]},{"slug":"education-loans","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Education loans in Japan","ja":"日本の教育ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Public and private routes, parent borrowing, terms, and repayment.","ja":"公的・民間のルート・親の借入・条件・返済。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Education loans finance tuition and related costs through public and private routes; borrow with a realistic repayment plan, and be cautious about parents taking on debt that strains their retirement or borrowing for uncertain, high-cost programs.","ja":"教育ローンは、公的・民間のルートで学費と関連費用を賄います。現実的な返済計画で借り、親が退職を圧迫する債務を負うことや、不確実で高額なプログラムのための借入に慎重になりましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Public and private routes finance tuition and related education costs.","Some structures have the parent borrow, others the student.","Borrow with a realistic repayment plan and terms you understand.","Be cautious about parent retirement stress and uncertain, high-cost programs."],"ja":["公的・民間のルートが学費と関連費用を賄う。","親が借りる構造も、学生が借りる構造もある。","現実的な返済計画と理解できる条件で借りる。","親の退職への圧迫と、不確実で高額なプログラムに慎重になる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"routes","heading":{"en":"Public and private routes","ja":"公的・民間のルート"},"body":{"en":["Education loans (教育ローン) are purpose financing for tuition and related education costs, available through public routes and private (bank and other) lenders. Some structures have the parent borrow and repay, others the student, and terms, rates, and repayment schedules differ across routes. Compare the options for the specific need, and understand who is liable and when repayment starts — a student loan that defers repayment behaves very differently from a parent loan repaid from current income."],"ja":["教育ローンは、学費と関連する教育費のための目的融資で、公的ルートと民間(銀行など)の貸し手から利用できます。親が借りて返す構造も、学生が借りる構造もあり、条件・金利・返済スケジュールはルートで異なります。具体的な需要について選択肢を比較し、誰が責任を負い返済がいつ始まるかを理解しましょう。返済を据え置く学生ローンは、現在の収入から返す親のローンとは大きく異なる挙動をします。"]}},{"id":"cautions","heading":{"en":"Borrow with a realistic plan","ja":"現実的な計画で借りる"},"body":{"en":["Education is human-capital expenditure, and borrowing for it can be sound — but only with a realistic repayment plan. Be cautious in two situations: a parent taking on debt that strains their own retirement, and borrowing for an uncertain or very high-cost program whose payoff is unclear. Match the borrowing to a credible expected outcome, keep the parent’s retirement security intact, and prefer public or lower-cost routes where they fit. Do not let the emotional weight of a child’s education override a clear-eyed look at whether the debt is repayable.","Key points to carry away: Public and private routes finance tuition and related education costs; Some structures have the parent borrow, others the student; Borrow with a realistic repayment plan and terms you understand; Be cautious about parent retirement stress and uncertain, high-cost programs. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["教育は人的資本への支出で、そのための借入は健全になり得ますが、現実的な返済計画があってこそです。二つの状況で慎重に。親が自らの退職を圧迫する債務を負うこと、そして見返りが不明確な不確実または非常に高額なプログラムのための借入です。借入を信頼できる期待成果に合わせ、親の退職の安全を保ち、合う場合は公的・低コストのルートを優先しましょう。子の教育の感情的な重みが、その債務が返済可能かの冷静な検討を上回らないようにしましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：公的・民間のルートが学費と関連費用を賄う。親が借りる構造も、学生が借りる構造もある。現実的な返済計画と理解できる条件で借りる。親の退職への圧迫と、不確実で高額なプログラムに慎重になる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Families financing education","Parents weighing borrowing"],"ja":["教育を賄う家族","借入を検討する親"]},"notFor":{"en":["A recommendation of a specific loan"],"ja":["特定のローンの推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not take on education debt that strains your retirement or funds an uncertain, high-cost program."],"ja":["退職を圧迫する、または不確実で高額なプログラムを賄う教育債務を負わないこと。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-education-loan"],"sources":["fsa-moneylending"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["borrowing-guide","debt-warning-signs"]},{"slug":"sole-proprietor-business-loans","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Business loans for sole proprietors","ja":"個人事業主の事業ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Tax returns, working capital, equipment, guarantees, and home-equity risk.","ja":"確定申告・運転資金・設備・保証・自宅担保のリスク。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A sole proprietor can obtain a business loan using tax returns, financial statements, and a business-purpose analysis for productive working capital or equipment — but never use home equity to prop up an unviable business.","ja":"個人事業主は、確定申告・決算・事業目的の分析を使い、生産的な運転資金や設備のための事業ローンを得られますが、成り立たない事業を支えるために自宅の担保価値を使ってはいけません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Approval uses tax returns, financial statements, and a business-purpose analysis.","Best for productive working capital or equipment, not to cover losses.","Guarantees and personal liability are common — understand them.","Never use home equity to support an unviable business."],"ja":["審査は確定申告・決算・事業目的の分析を使う。","損失の穴埋めでなく、生産的な運転資金や設備に最適。","保証や個人責任が一般的。理解する。","成り立たない事業を支えるために自宅の担保価値を使わない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-approval-works","heading":{"en":"How approval works","ja":"審査の仕組み"},"body":{"en":["A sole proprietor can obtain a business loan using financial statements, tax returns, and a business-purpose analysis — the lender assesses the business’s health and the productive use of the funds. Working capital and equipment that generate income are appropriate uses. Expect the lender to look at multiple years of returns and to weigh the stability and continuity of the business, and be ready to explain how the borrowing will produce a return rather than simply cover a gap."],"ja":["個人事業主は、決算・確定申告・事業目的の分析を使って事業ローンを得られます。貸し手は事業の健全性と資金の生産的な用途を評価します。収入を生む運転資金や設備が適切な用途です。貸し手は複数年の申告を見て事業の安定性と継続性を検討するため、借入が単に穴を埋めるのでなくどうリターンを生むかを説明できるようにしましょう。"]}},{"id":"home-equity-risk","heading":{"en":"The home-equity risk","ja":"自宅担保のリスク"},"body":{"en":["The characteristic danger is using home equity to support an unviable business. A property-secured loan or a personal guarantee can convert business risk into the risk of losing your home, and pouring borrowed money into a business that is not working usually deepens the loss rather than saving it. Understand any guarantees and personal liability before signing, keep business and household finances distinct where possible, and be honest with yourself about whether the business is viable — a loan cannot fix a broken business model.","Key points to carry away: Approval uses tax returns, financial statements, and a business-purpose analysis; Best for productive working capital or equipment, not to cover losses; Guarantees and personal liability are common — understand them; Never use home equity to support an unviable business. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["特有の危険は、成り立たない事業を支えるために自宅の担保価値を使うことです。不動産担保ローンや個人保証は、事業のリスクを住まいを失うリスクに変え得、うまくいかない事業に借りたお金を注ぐことは、通常は損失を救うのでなく深めます。署名前に保証と個人責任を理解し、可能な限り事業と家計の財務を分け、事業が成り立つかを自分に正直に問いましょう。ローンは壊れた事業モデルを直せません。","押さえておきたい要点：審査は確定申告・決算・事業目的の分析を使う。損失の穴埋めでなく、生産的な運転資金や設備に最適。保証や個人責任が一般的。理解する。成り立たない事業を支えるために自宅の担保価値を使わない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Sole proprietors needing working capital","Freelancers financing equipment"],"ja":["運転資金が必要な個人事業主","設備を賄うフリーランス"]},"notFor":{"en":["Covering losses of an unviable business"],"ja":["成り立たない事業の損失の穴埋め"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never use home equity to support an unviable business; a loan cannot fix a broken business model."],"ja":["成り立たない事業を支えるために自宅の担保価値を使わないこと。ローンは壊れた事業モデルを直せません。"]},"faqs":["loan-sole-proprietor-business"],"sources":["fsa-moneylending"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-secured-loans","employment-mortgage-approval","debt-warning-signs"]},{"slug":"secured-vs-unsecured","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Secured vs unsecured loans","ja":"担保付きローンと無担保ローン"},"summary":{"en":"Cost, term, collateral, approval, and consequences of default.","ja":"コスト・期間・担保・審査・債務不履行の帰結。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Secured loans pledge collateral for lower rates and longer terms but risk the asset on default; unsecured loans need no collateral but cost much more — match the loan to the life of what it buys, and never fund a long-lived asset with short-term high-rate debt.","ja":"担保付きは担保を差し入れ、低金利・長期の代わりに債務不履行で資産を失うリスクがあります。無担保は担保不要ですがはるかに高くつきます。ローンを買うものの寿命に合わせ、長寿命資産を短期・高金利の債務で賄わないこと。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Secured loans: lower rates, longer terms, but the asset is at risk on default.","Unsecured loans: no collateral, but much higher rates and shorter terms.","Match the loan’s term and cost to the life of what it buys.","Never fund a long-lived asset with short-term, high-rate debt."],"ja":["担保付き：低金利・長期だが債務不履行で資産が危険。","無担保：担保不要だがはるかに高金利・短期。","ローンの期間とコストを買うものの寿命に合わせる。","長寿命資産を短期・高金利の債務で賄わない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-difference","heading":{"en":"The core difference","ja":"中核の違い"},"body":{"en":["A secured loan pledges collateral — most importantly a registered mortgage over property — which is why mortgages and secured real-estate loans carry the lowest rates and longest terms. The cost of that cheap credit is collateral risk: default can lead to enforcement and the loss of the asset. An unsecured loan (a card loan or consumer loan) needs no registered collateral, so it is faster and does not put a specific asset on the line, but it carries much higher, often double-digit rates and shorter terms."],"ja":["担保付きローンは担保(最も重要なのは不動産への抵当権登記)を差し入れます。だからこそ住宅ローンや不動産担保ローンは最低金利・最長期間です。その安い信用の代償は担保リスクで、債務不履行は強制執行と資産の喪失を招き得ます。無担保ローン(カードローンや消費者ローン)は登記された担保が不要なので速く、特定の資産を賭けませんが、はるかに高い(多くは二桁の)金利と短い期間を伴います。"]}},{"id":"match-the-loan","heading":{"en":"Match the loan to what it buys","ja":"ローンを買うものに合わせる"},"body":{"en":["The practical rule is to match the loan’s term and cost to the life of what it buys. A long-lived asset like a home belongs on a long-term secured loan; a short-term necessary expense can suit a short unsecured loan, repaid quickly. What you must never do is fund a long-lived asset — or a recurring living deficit — with short-term, high-rate unsecured debt, because the cost compounds and the mismatch traps you. Understand the consequences of default on each: an unsecured default damages credit, a secured default can cost you the asset and still leave a deficiency.","Key points to carry away: Secured loans: lower rates, longer terms, but the asset is at risk on default; Unsecured loans: no collateral, but much higher rates and shorter terms; Match the loan’s term and cost to the life of what it buys; Never fund a long-lived asset with short-term, high-rate debt. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["実務的なルールは、ローンの期間とコストを買うものの寿命に合わせることです。住まいのような長寿命資産は長期の担保付きローンに、短期の必要な支出は短い無担保ローンで素早く返すのに向きます。決してしてはいけないのは、長寿命資産(または継続的な生活赤字)を短期・高金利の無担保債務で賄うことです。コストが複利で膨らみ、不整合が罠になります。各々の債務不履行の帰結を理解しましょう。無担保の不履行は信用を毀損し、担保付きの不履行は資産を失わせなお不足額を残し得ます。","押さえておきたい要点：担保付き：低金利・長期だが債務不履行で資産が危険。無担保：担保不要だがはるかに高金利・短期。ローンの期間とコストを買うものの寿命に合わせる。長寿命資産を短期・高金利の債務で賄わない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone choosing between loan types","Borrowers matching term to purpose"],"ja":["ローンの種類を選ぶ人","期間を目的に合わせる借り手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A specific product recommendation"],"ja":["特定商品の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never fund a long-lived asset or a living deficit with short-term, high-rate unsecured debt."],"ja":["長寿命資産や生活赤字を短期・高金利の無担保債務で賄わないこと。"]},"faqs":["loan-secured-vs-unsecured","loan-secure-consumer-spending"],"sources":["fsa-moneylending"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-loans-work","property-secured-loans","consumer-loans"]},{"slug":"debt-warning-signs","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Dangerous uses of debt","ja":"危険な借金の使い方"},"summary":{"en":"Lifestyle deficits, refinancing cycles, speculative property, and bonus dependence.","ja":"生活赤字・借換の連鎖・投機的な不動産・賞与依存。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The clearest danger signs are borrowing to cover a recurring lifestyle deficit, refinancing one loan with another, financing speculative property on gross yield or future refinancing, and building affordability on uncertain bonuses.","ja":"最も明確な危険信号は、継続的な生活赤字を借りて埋める、あるローンを別で借り換える、粗利回りや将来の借換で投機的な不動産を買う、不確実な賞与で返済能力を組む、ことです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Borrowing to cover a recurring lifestyle deficit is a red flag.","Refinancing one loan with another to stay afloat compounds the problem.","Speculative property bought on gross yield or future refinancing is dangerous.","Building affordability on uncertain bonuses is fragile."],"ja":["継続的な生活赤字を借りて埋めるのは危険信号。","生き延びるために別のローンで借り換えると問題が膨らむ。","粗利回りや将来の借換で買う投機的な不動産は危険。","不確実な賞与で返済能力を組むのは脆い。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-signs","heading":{"en":"The danger signs","ja":"危険な兆候"},"body":{"en":["Some uses of debt reliably lead to trouble. Borrowing to cover a recurring lifestyle deficit means the budget is negative and debt is papering over it; refinancing one loan with another to keep up payments is a cycle that grows the balance; financing speculative property on gross yield rather than net cash flow, or relying on future refinancing to make a deal work, bets on assumptions that can fail; and building affordability on uncertain bonuses leaves you exposed if the bonus shrinks. Each of these treats debt as a solution to a problem debt cannot solve."],"ja":["ある種の借金の使い方は確実に問題を招きます。継続的な生活赤字を借りて埋めるのは、家計が赤字で借金がそれを覆い隠しているということ。支払いを続けるために別のローンで借り換えるのは、残高を膨らませる連鎖。純キャッシュフローでなく粗利回りで投機的な不動産を買う、または取引成立を将来の借換に頼るのは、崩れ得る仮定への賭け。不確実な賞与で返済能力を組むのは、賞与が縮むとさらされる。いずれも、借金では解決できない問題の解決策として借金を扱っています。"]}},{"id":"what-to-do","heading":{"en":"What to do instead","ja":"代わりにすること"},"body":{"en":["If you recognize these signs, the answer is not more borrowing. Fix the budget so it is not structurally negative; do not use high-rate consumer credit to cover a mortgage or living shortfall; underwrite any investment on realistic net numbers rather than gross yield or hoped-for refinancing; and base affordability on stable base income, treating bonuses as a bonus. If the situation is already serious, get independent advice early — a lender, a public consultation service, or a professional — rather than borrowing again to postpone the reckoning.","Key points to carry away: Borrowing to cover a recurring lifestyle deficit is a red flag; Refinancing one loan with another to stay afloat compounds the problem; Speculative property bought on gross yield or future refinancing is dangerous; Building affordability on uncertain bonuses is fragile. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["これらの兆候に気づいたら、答えはさらなる借入ではありません。構造的な赤字にならないよう家計を直す。住宅ローンや生活の不足を高金利の消費者信用で埋めない。投資は粗利回りや期待する借換でなく現実的な純数字で採算を見る。返済能力は安定した基本収入に基づき、賞与は賞与として扱う。すでに深刻なら、借り直して清算を先延ばしにするのでなく、早めに独立した助言(貸し手・公的な相談窓口・専門家)を受けましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：継続的な生活赤字を借りて埋めるのは危険信号。生き延びるために別のローンで借り換えると問題が膨らむ。粗利回りや将来の借換で買う投機的な不動産は危険。不確実な賞与で返済能力を組むのは脆い。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone worried about their debt","People about to borrow more"],"ja":["自分の借金を心配する人","さらに借りようとしている人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Formal debt-restructuring advice"],"ja":["正式な債務整理の助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["If debt is covering a structurally negative budget, more borrowing deepens the problem; fix the budget first."],"ja":["借金が構造的な赤字を覆っているなら、さらなる借入は問題を深めます。まず家計を直しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-borrow-down-payment"],"sources":["fsa-moneylending","cic-credit"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["borrowing-guide","consumer-loans","debt-before-mortgage"]},{"slug":"loan-application-checklist","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Preparing for a loan application","ja":"ローン申込の準備"},"summary":{"en":"Credit records, debt inventory, documents, and application timing.","ja":"信用情報・債務の棚卸・書類・申込の時期。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Before applying, check your CIC/JICC credit records, inventory all your debts and revolving limits, gather income and tax documents, and time the application to avoid a cluster of inquiries and any recent job change or new debt.","ja":"申込前に、CIC・JICCの信用情報を確認し、すべての債務とリボの枠を棚卸し、収入と税の書類を揃え、照会の集中や直近の転職・新規債務を避けるよう申込の時期を計ります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Check your CIC and JICC credit records for problems before applying.","Inventory all debts and revolving limits — even unused limits reduce headroom.","Gather income and tax documents consistent with what you will state.","Time the application to avoid a cluster of inquiries and recent changes."],"ja":["申込前にCIC・JICCの信用情報の問題を確認する。","すべての債務とリボの枠を棚卸する。未使用の枠も余力を減らす。","申告と一致する収入・税の書類を揃える。","照会の集中や直近の変化を避けるよう申込時期を計る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"records-and-debts","heading":{"en":"Records and debt inventory","ja":"記録と債務の棚卸"},"body":{"en":["Start by checking your own credit records at CIC and JICC, especially if you have any doubt about a late payment, an identity match, or an old account — problems are easier to correct before you apply. Then inventory all your debts and revolving credit limits, because a lender counts them in your debt-service ratio and even an unused card-loan limit can reduce your borrowing headroom. Close unnecessary revolving credit where appropriate, and pay down balances that weigh on the ratio."],"ja":["まず自分の信用情報をCIC・JICCで確認しましょう。特に延滞・本人情報の一致・古い口座に疑いがあるなら、申込前のほうが問題を訂正しやすいです。次にすべての債務とリボの信用枠を棚卸します。貸し手は返済負担率にそれらを算入し、使っていないカードローンの枠でも借入余力を減らし得るためです。適切な場合は不要なリボ信用を解約し、比率を圧迫する残高を返済しましょう。"]}},{"id":"documents-timing","heading":{"en":"Documents and timing","ja":"書類と時期"},"body":{"en":["Gather your income and tax documents — withholding slips, tax certificates, and returns for the self-employed — and make sure they are consistent with what you will state, because discrepancies between preapproval and final documents can cause a decline. Time the application to avoid a cluster of inquiries just before it (application inquiries are recorded, including six months at CIC), and avoid a recent job change or new borrowing, which weaken the file. The safest first step is a conservative budget, a credit check, and a few dated loan illustrations to compare.","Key points to carry away: Check your CIC and JICC credit records for problems before applying; Inventory all debts and revolving limits — even unused limits reduce headroom; Gather income and tax documents consistent with what you will state; Time the application to avoid a cluster of inquiries and recent changes. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["収入と税の書類(源泉徴収票・課税証明、自営は確定申告)を揃え、申告と一致させましょう。事前審査と最終書類の相違は否決を招き得るためです。申込直前の照会の集中(申込照会は記録され、CICでは6か月)を避け、直近の転職や新規借入(ファイルを弱める)を避けるよう時期を計ります。最も安全な最初の一歩は、保守的な予算・信用の確認・比較のためのいくつかの日付入りローン試算です。","押さえておきたい要点：申込前にCIC・JICCの信用情報の問題を確認する。すべての債務とリボの枠を棚卸する。未使用の枠も余力を減らす。申告と一致する収入・税の書類を揃える。照会の集中や直近の変化を避けるよう申込時期を計る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone about to apply for a loan","Mortgage applicants preparing a file"],"ja":["まもなくローンを申し込む人","書類を準備する住宅ローン申込者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Credit-repair advice"],"ja":["信用回復の助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["A cluster of applications just before a loan can hurt approval; space them out and check your records first."],"ja":["ローン直前の申込の集中は承認に響き得ます。間隔をあけ、まず自分の情報を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-check-own-credit","loan-multiple-applications","loan-after-decline"],"sources":["cic-credit","jicc-credit"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["credit-records-japan","debt-before-mortgage","mortgage-document-checklist"]},{"slug":"debt-before-mortgage","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How loans affect mortgage eligibility","ja":"借入が住宅ローン審査に与える影響"},"summary":{"en":"Card limits, car loans, revolving balances, new applications, and repayments.","ja":"カードの枠・自動車ローン・リボ残高・新規申込・返済。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Existing debts reduce the mortgage you can be approved for through the debt-service ratio, and even unused card limits, a car loan, revolving balances, and recent applications can all weigh against you — clean these up before applying.","ja":"既存の債務は返済負担率を通じて承認される住宅ローン額を減らし、使っていないカードの枠・自動車ローン・リボ残高・直近の申込もすべて不利に働き得ます。申込前に整理しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Existing debts reduce your approvable mortgage via the debt-service ratio.","Even an unused card-loan limit can reduce your borrowing headroom.","A car loan and revolving balances count against you.","Recent applications and new debt weaken the file — clean up first."],"ja":["既存の債務は返済負担率を通じて承認される住宅ローン額を減らす。","使っていないカードローンの枠でも借入余力を減らし得る。","自動車ローンやリボ残高が不利に働く。","直近の申込や新規債務はファイルを弱める。先に整理する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-debts-count","heading":{"en":"How existing debts count","ja":"既存の債務がどう効くか"},"body":{"en":["A mortgage lender counts your existing debts in the debt-service ratio — annual scheduled repayments divided by qualifying income — so a car loan, revolving card-loan balances, and other obligations directly reduce the mortgage you can be approved for. Even an unused card-loan limit can reduce your headroom, because a lender may treat available credit as potential debt. The more of your capacity that is already committed, the less is left for the home loan."],"ja":["住宅ローンの貸し手は、返済負担率(年間返済額÷審査対象の収入)に既存の債務を算入するため、自動車ローン・リボのカードローン残高・その他の債務は、承認される住宅ローン額を直接減らします。使っていないカードローンの枠でも余力を減らし得ます。貸し手が利用可能な信用を潜在的な債務と扱い得るためです。すでに割り当てられた余力が多いほど、住宅ローンに残る分は少なくなります。"]}},{"id":"clean-up","heading":{"en":"Clean up before applying","ja":"申込前に整理する"},"body":{"en":["Before applying for a mortgage, clean up your debt picture: pay down or close revolving balances, consider closing unnecessary card-loan limits, and avoid taking on a new car loan or other debt in the run-up. Avoid a cluster of new applications, because inquiries are recorded and can look like distress, and do not open new credit between preapproval and closing. The goal is to arrive at underwriting with a low debt-service ratio, clean credit records, and no recent changes that raise questions.","Key points to carry away: Existing debts reduce your approvable mortgage via the debt-service ratio; Even an unused card-loan limit can reduce your borrowing headroom; A car loan and revolving balances count against you; Recent applications and new debt weaken the file — clean up first. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["住宅ローンを申し込む前に、債務の状況を整理しましょう。リボ残高を返済または解約し、不要なカードローンの枠の解約を検討し、直前に新しい自動車ローンや他の債務を負うのを避けます。新規申込の集中を避けましょう。照会は記録され困窮に見え得るためです。事前審査から決済までの間に新しい信用を開かないこと。目標は、低い返済負担率・きれいな信用情報・疑問を招く直近の変化がない状態で審査に臨むことです。","押さえておきたい要点：既存の債務は返済負担率を通じて承認される住宅ローン額を減らす。使っていないカードローンの枠でも借入余力を減らし得る。自動車ローンやリボ残高が不利に働く。直近の申込や新規債務はファイルを弱める。先に整理する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Prospective mortgage applicants","Anyone with existing consumer debt"],"ja":["住宅ローンの申込予定者","既存の消費者債務がある人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Debt-restructuring advice"],"ja":["債務整理の助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not open new credit or take a car loan between preapproval and closing; it can undo an approval."],"ja":["事前審査から決済までに新しい信用や自動車ローンを組まないこと。承認を覆し得ます。"]},"faqs":["loan-card-loan-mortgage","loan-multiple-applications","loan-borrow-down-payment"],"sources":["cic-credit","jicc-credit","fsa-moneylending"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["loan-application-checklist","credit-records-japan","debt-to-income-japan"]},{"slug":"mortgage-faq","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mortgage FAQ","ja":"住宅ローンFAQ"},"summary":{"en":"Common questions on how Japanese mortgages work, rates, fees, approval, and repayment.","ja":"日本の住宅ローンの仕組み・金利・手数料・審査・返済に関するよくある質問。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"This hub answers the most common questions about getting and managing a mortgage in Japan.","ja":"このハブは、日本で住宅ローンを組み管理する際の最もよくある質問に答えます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Direct answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.","Answers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.","Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.","Educational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional."],"ja":["よくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。","答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。","完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。","教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。"]},"sections":[{"id":"about-this-hub","heading":{"en":"About this FAQ hub","ja":"このFAQハブについて"},"body":{"en":["This hub answers the most common questions about getting and managing a mortgage in Japan. It gathers 22 of the most common questions on this topic — common questions on how japanese mortgages work, rates, fees, approval, and repayment — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.","The answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate."],"ja":["このハブは、日本で住宅ローンを組み管理する際の最もよくある質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある22件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（日本の住宅ローンの仕組み・金利・手数料・審査・返済に関するよくある質問）。","答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-these-answers","heading":{"en":"How to use these answers","ja":"これらの答えの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Treat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.","For any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer."],"ja":["各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone with quick questions on this topic","Buyers and borrowers doing initial research"],"ja":["この話題に手早く疑問がある人","初期リサーチ中の買い手・借り手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for professional advice"],"ja":["専門家の助言の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["These are educational summaries; confirm material decisions with the lender, broker, or a licensed professional."],"ja":["これらは教育的な要約です。重要な判断は貸し手・仲介・有資格の専門家に確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-cheapest-mortgage","loan-compare-fairly","loan-how-many-lenders","loan-what-apr","loan-total-cost","loan-what-base-rate","loan-what-preferential","loan-discount-disappear","loan-what-fixed","loan-what-variable","loan-what-collateral","loan-what-guarantee-company","loan-guarantee-erase-debt","loan-what-amortization","loan-level-principal-interest","loan-level-principal","loan-what-early-repayment","loan-early-always-best","loan-term-vs-payment-reduction","loan-online-early-free","loan-late-payment","loan-borrow-maximum"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","boj-policy"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgages-japan","borrowing-guide","mortgage-rates","compare-mortgage-lenders"]},{"slug":"foreigner-mortgage-faq","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Foreign-resident mortgage FAQ","ja":"外国人の住宅ローンFAQ"},"summary":{"en":"Questions on PR, non-PR routes, language, spouse, documents, and English support.","ja":"永住・非永住のルート・言語・配偶者・書類・英語対応に関する質問。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"This hub answers questions foreign residents most often ask about buying and financing property in Japan.","ja":"このハブは、外国人居住者が日本での購入と融資について最もよく尋ねる質問に答えます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Direct answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.","Answers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.","Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.","Educational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional."],"ja":["よくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。","答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。","完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。","教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。"]},"sections":[{"id":"about-this-hub","heading":{"en":"About this FAQ hub","ja":"このFAQハブについて"},"body":{"en":["This hub answers questions foreign residents most often ask about buying and financing property in Japan. It gathers 11 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on pr, non-pr routes, language, spouse, documents, and english support — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.","The answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate."],"ja":["このハブは、外国人居住者が日本での購入と融資について最もよく尋ねる質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある11件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（永住・非永住のルート・言語・配偶者・書類・英語対応に関する質問）。","答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-these-answers","heading":{"en":"How to use these answers","ja":"これらの答えの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Treat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.","For any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer."],"ja":["各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone with quick questions on this topic","Buyers and borrowers doing initial research"],"ja":["この話題に手早く疑問がある人","初期リサーチ中の買い手・借り手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for professional advice"],"ja":["専門家の助言の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["These are educational summaries; confirm material decisions with the lender, broker, or a licensed professional."],"ja":["これらは教育的な要約です。重要な判断は貸し手・仲介・有資格の専門家に確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-buy-foreigner","loan-mortgage-no-pr","loan-pr-mandatory","loan-pr-still-helpful","loan-japanese-spouse","loan-english-support","loan-japanese-language","loan-no-japanese-guarantor","loan-overseas-income","loan-income-documents","loan-borrow-down-payment"],"sources":["prestia-mortgage","tokyostar-mortgage","suruga-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["foreigners-buying-property","pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","foreigner-mortgage-checker"]},{"slug":"mortgage-approval-faq","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mortgage approval and employment FAQ","ja":"住宅ローン審査・雇用FAQ"},"summary":{"en":"Questions on preapproval, final approval, employment type, credit records, and income documents.","ja":"事前審査・本審査・雇用形態・信用情報・収入書類に関する質問。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"This hub answers questions about how lenders assess you and why approval can succeed or fail.","ja":"このハブは、貸し手がどう審査し、なぜ承認が成否を分けるかに関する質問に答えます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Direct answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.","Answers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.","Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.","Educational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional."],"ja":["よくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。","答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。","完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。","教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。"]},"sections":[{"id":"about-this-hub","heading":{"en":"About this FAQ hub","ja":"このFAQハブについて"},"body":{"en":["This hub answers questions about how lenders assess you and why approval can succeed or fail. It gathers 19 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on preapproval, final approval, employment type, credit records, and income documents — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.","The answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate."],"ja":["このハブは、貸し手がどう審査し、なぜ承認が成否を分けるかに関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある19件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（事前審査・本審査・雇用形態・信用情報・収入書類に関する質問）。","答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-these-answers","heading":{"en":"How to use these answers","ja":"これらの答えの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Treat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.","For any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer."],"ja":["各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone with quick questions on this topic","Buyers and borrowers doing initial research"],"ja":["この話題に手早く疑問がある人","初期リサーチ中の買い手・借り手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for professional advice"],"ja":["専門家の助言の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["These are educational summaries; confirm material decisions with the lender, broker, or a licensed professional."],"ja":["これらは教育的な要約です。重要な判断は貸し手・仲介・有資格の専門家に確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-preapproval","loan-what-final-approval","loan-approval-fail","loan-preapproval-valid","loan-preapproval-final","loan-offer-before-preapproval","loan-change-jobs","loan-job-changer","loan-probationary","loan-contract-employee","loan-sole-proprietor","loan-years-income-history","loan-bonus-income","loan-credit-record","loan-check-own-credit","loan-multiple-applications","loan-serious-records-remain","loan-after-decline","loan-income-documents"],"sources":["cic-credit","jicc-credit"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["preapproval-final-approval","employment-mortgage-approval","credit-records-japan","mortgage-income-documents"]},{"slug":"mortgage-rates-faq","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Interest rate and repayment FAQ","ja":"金利・返済FAQ"},"summary":{"en":"Questions on base and preferential rates, variable-rate rules, and repayment methods.","ja":"基準・優遇金利、変動金利のルール、返済方法に関する質問。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"This hub answers questions about how rates are set, how they change, and how repayment works.","ja":"このハブは、金利がどう決まり、どう変わり、返済がどう機能するかに関する質問に答えます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Direct answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.","Answers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.","Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.","Educational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional."],"ja":["よくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。","答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。","完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。","教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。"]},"sections":[{"id":"about-this-hub","heading":{"en":"About this FAQ hub","ja":"このFAQハブについて"},"body":{"en":["This hub answers questions about how rates are set, how they change, and how repayment works. It gathers 20 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on base and preferential rates, variable-rate rules, and repayment methods — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.","The answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate."],"ja":["このハブは、金利がどう決まり、どう変わり、返済がどう機能するかに関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある20件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（基準・優遇金利、変動金利のルール、返済方法に関する質問）。","答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-these-answers","heading":{"en":"How to use these answers","ja":"これらの答えの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Treat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.","For any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer."],"ja":["各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone with quick questions on this topic","Buyers and borrowers doing initial research"],"ja":["この話題に手早く疑問がある人","初期リサーチ中の買い手・借り手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for professional advice"],"ja":["専門家の助言の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["These are educational summaries; confirm material decisions with the lender, broker, or a licensed professional."],"ja":["これらは教育的な要約です。重要な判断は貸し手・仲介・有資格の専門家に確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-base-rate","loan-what-preferential","loan-discount-disappear","loan-what-fixed","loan-what-variable","loan-variable-change-frequency","loan-five-year-rule","loan-125-rule","loan-all-variable-rules","loan-unpaid-interest","loan-variable-risky","loan-rate-rise","loan-fixed-risk-free","loan-fixed-period","loan-after-fixed-period","loan-what-mixed","loan-mixing-reduce-risk","loan-what-amortization","loan-level-principal-interest","loan-level-principal"],"sources":["boj-policy","mizuho-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["interest-rates","fixed-variable-interest-explained","five-year-125-percent-rule","mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},{"slug":"flat-35-faq","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Flat 35 FAQ","ja":"フラット35FAQ"},"summary":{"en":"Questions on what Flat 35 is, eligibility, property standards, and the discount programs.","ja":"フラット35とは何か、要件、物件基準、優遇制度に関する質問。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"This hub answers the most common questions about the Flat 35 fully fixed-rate mortgage.","ja":"このハブは、全期間固定のフラット35に関する最もよくある質問に答えます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Direct answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.","Answers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.","Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.","Educational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional."],"ja":["よくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。","答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。","完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。","教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。"]},"sections":[{"id":"about-this-hub","heading":{"en":"About this FAQ hub","ja":"このFAQハブについて"},"body":{"en":["This hub answers the most common questions about the Flat 35 fully fixed-rate mortgage. It gathers 11 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on what flat 35 is, eligibility, property standards, and the discount programs — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.","The answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate."],"ja":["このハブは、全期間固定のフラット35に関する最もよくある質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある11件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（フラット35とは何か、要件、物件基準、優遇制度に関する質問）。","答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-these-answers","heading":{"en":"How to use these answers","ja":"これらの答えの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Treat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.","For any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer."],"ja":["各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone with quick questions on this topic","Buyers and borrowers doing initial research"],"ja":["この話題に手早く疑問がある人","初期リサーチ中の買い手・借り手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for professional advice"],"ja":["専門家の助言の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["These are educational summaries; confirm material decisions with the lender, broker, or a licensed professional."],"ja":["これらは教育的な要約です。重要な判断は貸し手・仲介・有資格の専門家に確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-flat35","loan-flat35-government","loan-flat35-always-35","loan-flat35-same-everywhere","loan-flat35-used-home","loan-flat35-second-home","loan-flat35-investment","loan-what-flat35s","loan-what-flat35-child","loan-flat35-discounts-permanent","loan-flat35-ratios"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","jhf-flat35-rates","aruhi-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["flat-35","flat-35s","flat-35-child-rearing-plus","flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage"]},{"slug":"buying-property-faq","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Property buying process FAQ","ja":"不動産購入プロセスFAQ"},"summary":{"en":"Questions on offers, contracts, deposits, financing clauses, closing, and cash needed.","ja":"買付・契約・手付・住宅ローン特約・決済・必要現金に関する質問。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"This hub answers questions about the step-by-step process of buying property in Japan.","ja":"このハブは、日本で不動産を買う段階的なプロセスに関する質問に答えます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Direct answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.","Answers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.","Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.","Educational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional."],"ja":["よくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。","答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。","完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。","教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。"]},"sections":[{"id":"about-this-hub","heading":{"en":"About this FAQ hub","ja":"このFAQハブについて"},"body":{"en":["This hub answers questions about the step-by-step process of buying property in Japan. It gathers 14 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on offers, contracts, deposits, financing clauses, closing, and cash needed — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.","The answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate."],"ja":["このハブは、日本で不動産を買う段階的なプロセスに関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある14件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（買付・契約・手付・住宅ローン特約・決済・必要現金に関する質問）。","答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-these-answers","heading":{"en":"How to use these answers","ja":"これらの答えの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Treat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.","For any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer."],"ja":["各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone with quick questions on this topic","Buyers and borrowers doing initial research"],"ja":["この話題に手早く疑問がある人","初期リサーチ中の買い手・借り手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for professional advice"],"ja":["専門家の助言の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["These are educational summaries; confirm material decisions with the lender, broker, or a licensed professional."],"ja":["これらは教育的な要約です。重要な判断は貸し手・仲介・有資格の専門家に確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-cash-beyond-price","loan-fees-outside-price","loan-earnest-extra-cost","loan-earnest-money-size","loan-financing-clause","loan-deposit-returned","loan-offer-before-preapproval","loan-brokerage-commission","loan-developer-brokerage","loan-judicial-scrivener","loan-all-savings-down","loan-how-much-down","loan-zero-down-safe","loan-records-keep"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["buying-property-japan","property-buying-checklist","cash-needed-to-buy-property","mortgage-financing-clause"]},{"slug":"property-inspection-faq","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Property condition and inspection FAQ","ja":"物件の状態・検査FAQ"},"summary":{"en":"Questions on inspections, defects, seismic standards, hazard maps, and property forms.","ja":"検査・瑕疵・耐震基準・ハザードマップ・物件の形態に関する質問。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"This hub answers questions about evaluating a property’s condition, legality, and risks.","ja":"このハブは、物件の状態・適法性・リスクの評価に関する質問に答えます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Direct answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.","Answers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.","Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.","Educational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional."],"ja":["よくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。","答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。","完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。","教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。"]},"sections":[{"id":"about-this-hub","heading":{"en":"About this FAQ hub","ja":"このFAQハブについて"},"body":{"en":["This hub answers questions about evaluating a property’s condition, legality, and risks. It gathers 19 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on inspections, defects, seismic standards, hazard maps, and property forms — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.","The answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate."],"ja":["このハブは、物件の状態・適法性・リスクの評価に関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある19件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（検査・瑕疵・耐震基準・ハザードマップ・物件の形態に関する質問）。","答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-these-answers","heading":{"en":"How to use these answers","ja":"これらの答えの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Treat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.","For any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer."],"ja":["各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone with quick questions on this topic","Buyers and borrowers doing initial research"],"ja":["この話題に手早く疑問がある人","初期リサーチ中の買い手・借り手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for professional advice"],"ja":["専門家の助言の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["These are educational summaries; confirm material decisions with the lender, broker, or a licensed professional."],"ja":["これらは教育的な要約です。重要な判断は貸し手・仲介・有資格の専門家に確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-inspection","loan-inspection-guarantee","loan-who-selects-inspector","loan-defect-insurance","loan-new-seismic","loan-avoid-pre-1981","loan-hazard-map","loan-outside-hazard-zone","loan-what-freehold","loan-what-leasehold","loan-leasehold-bad","loan-fixed-term-leasehold","loan-non-rebuildable","loan-mortgage-non-rebuildable","loan-vacant-house","loan-vacant-cheap-renovate","loan-stigmatized","loan-disclose-forever","loan-condo-check"],"sources":["mlit-inspection","mlit-hazard-map"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["evaluating-used-property","evaluating-condominium","earthquake-standards","hazard-maps"]},{"slug":"property-cost-tax-faq","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Property fees and tax FAQ","ja":"不動産の費用・税金FAQ"},"summary":{"en":"Questions on closing costs, registration, acquisition tax, fixed-asset tax, and the mortgage deduction.","ja":"諸費用・登記・取得税・固定資産税・住宅ローン控除に関する質問。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"This hub answers questions about the fees and taxes of buying, owning, and selling property.","ja":"このハブは、不動産の購入・保有・売却の費用と税金に関する質問に答えます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Direct answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.","Answers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.","Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.","Educational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional."],"ja":["よくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。","答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。","完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。","教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。"]},"sections":[{"id":"about-this-hub","heading":{"en":"About this FAQ hub","ja":"このFAQハブについて"},"body":{"en":["This hub answers questions about the fees and taxes of buying, owning, and selling property. It gathers 16 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on closing costs, registration, acquisition tax, fixed-asset tax, and the mortgage deduction — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.","The answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate."],"ja":["このハブは、不動産の購入・保有・売却の費用と税金に関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある16件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（諸費用・登記・取得税・固定資産税・住宅ローン控除に関する質問）。","答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-these-answers","heading":{"en":"How to use these answers","ja":"これらの答えの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Treat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.","For any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer."],"ja":["各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone with quick questions on this topic","Buyers and borrowers doing initial research"],"ja":["この話題に手早く疑問がある人","初期リサーチ中の買い手・借り手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for professional advice"],"ja":["専門家の助言の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["These are educational summaries; confirm material decisions with the lender, broker, or a licensed professional."],"ja":["これらは教育的な要約です。重要な判断は貸し手・仲介・有資格の専門家に確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-fees-outside-price","loan-registration-tax","loan-acquisition-tax","loan-fixed-asset-tax","loan-city-planning-tax","loan-prorate-fixed-asset","loan-mortgage-tax-deduction","loan-deduction-automatic","loan-deduction-income-limit","loan-file-first-year","loan-selling-tax","loan-sale-price-minus-purchase","loan-30-million-deduction","loan-inheritance-registration","loan-spouses-5050","loan-unequal-gift-tax"],"sources":["nta-mortgage-deduction","tokyo-fixed-asset-tax","nta-property-sale"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-closing-costs","fixed-asset-tax","mortgage-tax-deduction","property-capital-gains-tax"]},{"slug":"homeownership-faq","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Homeownership, renting out and selling FAQ","ja":"住宅保有・賃貸・売却FAQ"},"summary":{"en":"Questions on management fees, reserves, insurance, renting out, minpaku, and moving overseas.","ja":"管理費・積立金・保険・賃貸化・民泊・海外転居に関する質問。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"This hub answers questions about the ongoing duties and options of owning a home in Japan.","ja":"このハブは、日本で家を持つ継続的な義務と選択肢に関する質問に答えます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Direct answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.","Answers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.","Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.","Educational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional."],"ja":["よくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。","答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。","完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。","教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。"]},"sections":[{"id":"about-this-hub","heading":{"en":"About this FAQ hub","ja":"このFAQハブについて"},"body":{"en":["This hub answers questions about the ongoing duties and options of owning a home in Japan. It gathers 18 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on management fees, reserves, insurance, renting out, minpaku, and moving overseas — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.","The answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate."],"ja":["このハブは、日本で家を持つ継続的な義務と選択肢に関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある18件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（管理費・積立金・保険・賃貸化・民泊・海外転居に関する質問）。","答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-these-answers","heading":{"en":"How to use these answers","ja":"これらの答えの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Treat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.","For any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer."],"ja":["各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone with quick questions on this topic","Buyers and borrowers doing initial research"],"ja":["この話題に手早く疑問がある人","初期リサーチ中の買い手・借り手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for professional advice"],"ja":["専門家の助言の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["These are educational summaries; confirm material decisions with the lender, broker, or a licensed professional."],"ja":["これらは教育的な要約です。重要な判断は貸し手・仲介・有資格の専門家に確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-condo-fees","loan-repair-reserve","loan-reserve-rise","loan-special-assessment","loan-renovate-condo","loan-replace-windows","loan-pets","loan-rent-out-mortgaged","loan-airbnb-condo","loan-180-days","loan-move-overseas","loan-leave-vacant","loan-emergency-cash-owner","loan-fire-insurance-mandatory","loan-fire-earthquake-fire","loan-earthquake-rebuild","loan-condo-earthquake","loan-bundle-insurance"],"sources":["gia-earthquake","mlit-minpaku"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["homeownership-japan","condominium-management-fees","renting-out-mortgaged-home","home-fire-earthquake-insurance"]},{"slug":"property-investment-faq","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Property investment FAQ","ja":"不動産投資FAQ"},"summary":{"en":"Questions on yields, NOI, DSCR, occupancy misuse, and resale in Japanese property investment.","ja":"利回り・NOI・DSCR・居住偽装・売却など不動産投資に関する質問。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"This hub answers questions about underwriting Japanese property as an investment.","ja":"このハブは、日本の不動産を投資として採算評価することに関する質問に答えます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Direct answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.","Answers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.","Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.","Educational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional."],"ja":["よくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。","答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。","完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。","教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。"]},"sections":[{"id":"about-this-hub","heading":{"en":"About this FAQ hub","ja":"このFAQハブについて"},"body":{"en":["This hub answers questions about underwriting Japanese property as an investment. It gathers 16 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on yields, noi, dscr, occupancy misuse, and resale in japanese property investment — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.","The answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate."],"ja":["このハブは、日本の不動産を投資として採算評価することに関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある16件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（利回り・NOI・DSCR・居住偽装・売却など不動産投資に関する質問）。","答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-these-answers","heading":{"en":"How to use these answers","ja":"これらの答えの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Treat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.","For any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer."],"ja":["各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone with quick questions on this topic","Buyers and borrowers doing initial research"],"ja":["この話題に手早く疑問がある人","初期リサーチ中の買い手・借り手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for professional advice"],"ja":["専門家の助言の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["These are educational summaries; confirm material decisions with the lender, broker, or a licensed professional."],"ja":["これらは教育的な要約です。重要な判断は貸し手・仲介・有資格の専門家に確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-good-investment","loan-tokyo-liquid","loan-regional-yields","loan-gross-yield","loan-residential-for-investment","loan-misstate-occupancy","loan-what-apartment-loan","loan-investment-nonrecourse","loan-estimate-resale","loan-homes-depreciate","loan-station-distance","loan-resale-difficult","loan-rental-income-taxable","loan-deduct-mortgage-from-rent","loan-interest-deductible-rental","loan-depreciation-cash"],"sources":["stat-housing-survey","nta-real-estate-income"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-investment-japan","investment-property-loans","home-vs-investment-property","property-investment-calculator"]},{"slug":"consumer-loan-faq","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Consumer and card loan FAQ","ja":"消費者ローン・カードローンFAQ"},"summary":{"en":"Questions on consumer loans, bank card loans, the one-third rule, and mortgage impact.","ja":"消費者ローン・銀行カードローン・総量規制・住宅ローンへの影響に関する質問。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"This hub answers questions about high-rate consumer credit and how it affects a mortgage.","ja":"このハブは、高金利の消費者信用と、それが住宅ローンに与える影響に関する質問に答えます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Direct answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.","Answers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.","Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.","Educational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional."],"ja":["よくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。","答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。","完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。","教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。"]},"sections":[{"id":"about-this-hub","heading":{"en":"About this FAQ hub","ja":"このFAQハブについて"},"body":{"en":["This hub answers questions about high-rate consumer credit and how it affects a mortgage. It gathers 8 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on consumer loans, bank card loans, the one-third rule, and mortgage impact — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.","The answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate."],"ja":["このハブは、高金利の消費者信用と、それが住宅ローンに与える影響に関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある8件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（消費者ローン・銀行カードローン・総量規制・住宅ローンへの影響に関する質問）。","答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-these-answers","heading":{"en":"How to use these answers","ja":"これらの答えの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Treat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.","For any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer."],"ja":["各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone with quick questions on this topic","Buyers and borrowers doing initial research"],"ja":["この話題に手早く疑問がある人","初期リサーチ中の買い手・借り手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for professional advice"],"ja":["専門家の助言の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["These are educational summaries; confirm material decisions with the lender, broker, or a licensed professional."],"ja":["これらは教育的な要約です。重要な判断は貸し手・仲介・有資格の専門家に確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-bank-card-loan","loan-card-loan-onethird","loan-finance-company-covered","loan-card-loan-mortgage","loan-onethird-rule","loan-borrow-down-payment","loan-secured-vs-unsecured","loan-secure-consumer-spending"],"sources":["fsa-moneylending","cic-credit"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["consumer-loans","bank-card-loans","consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","debt-before-mortgage"]},{"slug":"car-education-loan-faq","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Car and education loan FAQ","ja":"自動車ローン・教育ローンFAQ"},"summary":{"en":"Questions on bank vs dealer car finance, residual-value plans, and education loans.","ja":"銀行とディーラーの自動車ローン、残価プラン、教育ローンに関する質問。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"This hub answers questions about car finance and education loans in Japan.","ja":"このハブは、日本の自動車ローンと教育ローンに関する質問に答えます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Direct answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.","Answers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.","Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.","Educational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional."],"ja":["よくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。","答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。","完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。","教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。"]},"sections":[{"id":"about-this-hub","heading":{"en":"About this FAQ hub","ja":"このFAQハブについて"},"body":{"en":["This hub answers questions about car finance and education loans in Japan. It gathers 6 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on bank vs dealer car finance, residual-value plans, and education loans — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.","The answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate."],"ja":["このハブは、日本の自動車ローンと教育ローンに関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある6件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（銀行とディーラーの自動車ローン、残価プラン、教育ローンに関する質問）。","答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use-these-answers","heading":{"en":"How to use these answers","ja":"これらの答えの使い方"},"body":{"en":["Treat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.","For any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer."],"ja":["各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone with quick questions on this topic","Buyers and borrowers doing initial research"],"ja":["この話題に手早く疑問がある人","初期リサーチ中の買い手・借り手"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for professional advice"],"ja":["専門家の助言の代替"]},"warnings":{"en":["These are educational summaries; confirm material decisions with the lender, broker, or a licensed professional."],"ja":["これらは教育的な要約です。重要な判断は貸し手・仲介・有資格の専門家に確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-auto-bank-loan","loan-dealer-financing-cheaper","loan-residual-value","loan-what-education-loan","loan-sole-proprietor-business","loan-secured-vs-unsecured"],"sources":["fsa-moneylending"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["car-loans","education-loans","bank-vs-dealer-car-loan","sole-proprietor-business-loans"]},{"slug":"mortgage-advertising-rates","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How mortgage advertising can mislead","ja":"住宅ローン広告の落とし穴"},"summary":{"en":"Headline rates, maximum discounts, service bundles, and underwriting additions.","ja":"表面金利・最大割引・サービス条件・引受上乗せ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A low advertised rate is usually the best case: it may require ≤80% LTV, assume the maximum discount, depend on account or service conditions, exclude insurance riders, or be replaced by a higher risk-priced rate after underwriting.","ja":"低い広告金利は通常「最良ケース」です。LTV80%以下を要し、最大割引を前提とし、口座やサービスの条件に依存し、保険特約を除外し、審査後により高いリスク価格に置き換わり得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A headline rate often assumes the maximum discount and ≤80% LTV.","Discounts can depend on account or service conditions you must maintain.","Insurance riders and term surcharges add to the real rate.","Underwriting can replace the teaser with a higher risk-priced rate."],"ja":["表面金利は最大割引とLTV80%以下を前提とすることが多い。","割引は維持すべき口座やサービスの条件に依存し得る。","保険特約や期間上乗せが実際の金利に加わる。","審査が目玉金利をより高いリスク価格に置き換え得る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"why-it-misleads","heading":{"en":"Why the headline can mislead","ja":"表面金利が誤解を招く理由"},"body":{"en":["A low advertised rate is a best-case number. Unless expressly described as fixed for the whole term, it may change before disbursement, change after disbursement, require an 80% or lower loan-to-value ratio, include account or service conditions, exclude optional insurance riders, or be replaced with a higher \"guarantee-backed\" or risk-priced rate after underwriting. Advertising also emphasizes the nominal rate while stating fees separately, so the headline never reflects the all-in cost."],"ja":["低い広告金利は最良ケースの数字です。全期間固定と明示されない限り、実行前に変わる、実行後に変わる、LTV80%以下を要する、口座やサービスの条件を含む、任意の保険特約を除外する、審査後により高い「保証付き」やリスク価格に置き換わる、といったことがあります。広告は名目金利を強調し手数料を別記するため、表面は総コストを反映しません。"]}},{"id":"what-to-do","heading":{"en":"What to do instead","ja":"代わりにすること"},"body":{"en":["Treat every advertised rate as a starting point and get a dated written quotation with your actual LTV, term, discount margin, fees, insurance additions, and any service conditions. Reconcile a lender’s headline page with its detailed-course page, because they can differ. Then compare the all-in cost across lenders over your expected holding period, not the biggest advertised discount.","Key points to carry away: A headline rate often assumes the maximum discount and ≤80% LTV; Discounts can depend on account or service conditions you must maintain; Insurance riders and term surcharges add to the real rate; Underwriting can replace the teaser with a higher risk-priced rate. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["すべての広告金利を出発点と捉え、実際のLTV・期間・優遇幅・手数料・保険上乗せ・サービス条件を記した日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。貸し手の主ページと詳細コースのページは異なり得るため突き合わせます。そのうえで、最大の広告割引でなく、想定保有期間での総コストを各社で比較しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：表面金利は最大割引とLTV80%以下を前提とすることが多い。割引は維持すべき口座やサービスの条件に依存し得る。保険特約や期間上乗せが実際の金利に加わる。審査が目玉金利をより高いリスク価格に置き換え得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers comparing advertised rates","Anyone reading a mortgage promotion"],"ja":["広告金利を比較する借り手","住宅ローンの宣伝を読む人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A specific rate quote"],"ja":["個別の金利見積り"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never treat an advertised rate as your guaranteed rate; only underwriting and execution determine it."],"ja":["広告金利を確定金利と見なさないこと。審査と実行だけが決めます。"]},"faqs":["loan-cheapest-mortgage","loan-discount-disappear","loan-compare-fairly"],"sources":["mufg-mortgage","jibun-mortgage","jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["read-mortgage-quote","mortgage-apr-total-cost","compare-mortgage-lenders"]},{"slug":"read-mortgage-quote","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How to read a mortgage quote","ja":"住宅ローンの見積りの読み方"},"summary":{"en":"Rate, discount margin, fees, insurance, term surcharge, and execution date.","ja":"金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険・期間上乗せ・実行日。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A useful quote states the execution-month rate, the base rate and permanent discount margin, the origination and guarantee fees, insurance additions, any LTV and term surcharges, and the execution date and validity — read all of these, not just the rate.","ja":"有用な見積りは、実行月金利・基準金利と永続的な優遇幅・事務手数料と保証料・保険上乗せ・LTVと期間の上乗せ・実行日と有効期限を示します。金利だけでなくすべてを読みましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Check the execution-month rate and whether the discount margin is permanent.","Read the origination and guarantee fees and insurance additions.","Note any LTV and term surcharges and the execution date and validity.","Ask for the fields the report flags as requiring a direct dated quotation."],"ja":["実行月金利と優遇幅が永続かを確認する。","事務手数料・保証料・保険上乗せを読む。","LTV・期間の上乗せと実行日・有効期限を控える。","レポートが「直接の日付入り見積りが必要」とする項目を尋ねる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-fields","heading":{"en":"The fields to read","ja":"読むべき項目"},"body":{"en":["Ask each lender for a dated document showing: the execution-month rate; the base/reference rate and the permanent discount margin; any LTV surcharge, term surcharge, and post-fixed-period margin; the rate-reset timing and five-year/125% treatment; the origination fee, guarantee fee, appraisal fee, registration estimate, and early-repayment fee; the standard life insurance and any cancer/critical-illness or pair-loan additions; and the process details — preapproval and final-approval documents, decision time, validity period, rate-lock rules, online or branch execution, English support, and any required bank/service bundles. These are exactly the fields to compare across lenders."],"ja":["各貸し手に、次を記した日付入りの書面を求めます。実行月金利、基準金利と永続的な優遇幅、LTV上乗せ・期間上乗せ・固定期間後の優遇、金利見直しの時期と5年・125%の扱い、事務手数料・保証料・鑑定料・登記概算・繰上返済手数料、標準団信とがん/重病やペアの上乗せ、そして手続き(事前・本審査の書類、審査期間、有効期限、金利固定のルール、オンラインか店舗か、英語対応、必要な口座/サービスの抱き合わせ)です。これらがまさに各社で比較すべき項目です。"]}},{"id":"unknown-fields","heading":{"en":"Fields that require a direct quotation","ja":"直接の見積りが必要な項目"},"body":{"en":["Some fields cannot be read off an advertisement and require a direct dated quotation: the effective all-fee APR, the real minimum income, the employment-history minimum, non-PR eligibility, the appraisal methodology, and the actual obtainable rate — which only final underwriting and execution determine. Treat these as \"quotation required,\" not inferred, and do not rely on search snippets or old pages for a current rate.","Key points to carry away: Check the execution-month rate and whether the discount margin is permanent; Read the origination and guarantee fees and insurance additions; Note any LTV and term surcharges and the execution date and validity; Ask for the fields the report flags as requiring a direct dated quotation. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["広告からは読み取れず、直接の日付入り見積りが必要な項目があります。総費用の実効APR、実際の最低所得、勤続年数の最低要件、非永住者の適格性、鑑定手法、そして本審査と実行だけが決める実際に得られる金利です。これらは「見積り必須」で推測しないものと扱い、現行金利を検索スニペットや古いページに頼らないこと。","押さえておきたい要点：実行月金利と優遇幅が永続かを確認する。事務手数料・保証料・保険上乗せを読む。LTV・期間の上乗せと実行日・有効期限を控える。レポートが「直接の日付入り見積りが必要」とする項目を尋ねる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers comparing quotes","Anyone requesting a written illustration"],"ja":["見積りを比較する借り手","書面の試算を求める人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A specific rate quote"],"ja":["個別の金利見積り"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not rely on search snippets or old pages for a current rate; save the page on your application and execution dates."],"ja":["現行金利を検索スニペットや古いページに頼らないこと。申込日と実行日にページを保存しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-compare-fairly","loan-cheapest-mortgage","loan-total-cost"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","mufg-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-advertising-rates","mortgage-apr-total-cost","compare-mortgage-lenders"]},{"slug":"compare-property-listings","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How to compare property listings","ja":"物件掲載の比べ方"},"summary":{"en":"Price per square meter, land share, management, age, location, and legal status.","ja":"㎡単価・土地の持分・管理・築年・立地・法的状態。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Compare listings on price per square meter, land share, management and reserve quality, building age, location and station distance, and legal status (rebuildability, leasehold, hazards) — not just the headline price and photos.","ja":"表面価格と写真だけでなく、㎡単価・土地の持分・管理と積立の質・築年・立地と駅距離・法的状態(再建築可否・借地・災害)で掲載を比較します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Compare price per square meter and the land share, not just the total price.","Weigh management and reserve quality for a condominium.","Factor building age, location, and station distance into value.","Check legal status — rebuildability, leasehold, and hazard exposure."],"ja":["総額でなく㎡単価と土地の持分を比較する。","マンションは管理と積立の質を重視する。","築年・立地・駅距離を価値に織り込む。","法的状態(再建築可否・借地・災害リスク)を確認する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"normalize","heading":{"en":"Normalize before you compare","ja":"比較の前に揃える"},"body":{"en":["Two listings at the same price can be very different. Normalize them: compute price per square meter, note the land share (which drives long-run value), and for a condominium weigh the management and reserve quality against a cheap-looking fee. Factor in building age, location, and station distance, and verify the asking price against transaction comparables from MLIT’s library and REINS rather than trusting the listing’s number."],"ja":["同じ価格の二つの掲載も大きく異なり得ます。揃えましょう。㎡単価を計算し、長期の価値を左右する土地の持分を控え、マンションでは安く見える費用に対し管理と積立の質を比較します。築年・立地・駅距離を織り込み、掲載の数字を信じず国交省ライブラリやREINSの取引事例に照らして募集価格を確認します。"]}},{"id":"legal-status","heading":{"en":"Check legal status","ja":"法的状態を確認する"},"body":{"en":["A low price often reflects a legal or physical constraint. Check the legal status of each listing: whether the property is rebuildable and has adequate road frontage, whether it is freehold or leasehold (and if leasehold, the type and remaining term), and its hazard exposure. A cheaper listing that is non-rebuildable, leasehold with a short term, or in a high-hazard zone is not comparable to a conventional freehold property at a higher price — the difference is in the constraints, not just the number.","Key points to carry away: Compare price per square meter and the land share, not just the total price; Weigh management and reserve quality for a condominium; Factor building age, location, and station distance into value; Check legal status — rebuildability, leasehold, and hazard exposure. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["低価格はしばしば法的・物理的な制約を映します。各掲載の法的状態を確認します。再建築可能で十分な接道があるか、所有権か借地権か(借地なら種類と残存期間)、災害リスクです。再建築不可・残存期間の短い借地・高い災害リスクの安い掲載は、より高い一般的な所有権物件とは比較になりません。違いは数字でなく制約にあります。","押さえておきたい要点：総額でなく㎡単価と土地の持分を比較する。マンションは管理と積立の質を重視する。築年・立地・駅距離を価値に織り込む。法的状態(再建築可否・借地・災害リスク)を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers shortlisting listings","Anyone checking whether a price is fair"],"ja":["掲載を絞り込む買い手","価格が妥当か確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A formal appraisal"],"ja":["正式な鑑定"]},"warnings":{"en":["A low headline price often reflects a legal or physical constraint; normalize and check legal status before comparing."],"ja":["低い表面価格はしばしば法的・物理的制約を映します。比較前に揃えて法的状態を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-estimate-resale","loan-station-distance","loan-non-rebuildable"],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library","reins-market"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["finding-property","property-resale-value","evaluating-condominium"]},{"slug":"research-status","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Missing mortgage and property data","ja":"未確定の住宅ローン・不動産データ"},"summary":{"en":"Unconfirmed lender fields, stale data, and the current research queue.","ja":"未確認の項目・古いデータ・現在の調査待ち。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Several lender fields cannot be frozen in a static guide because rates and campaigns change monthly and some official pages are dynamic — these are marked \"direct dated quotation required,\" not inferred.","ja":"金利やキャンペーンは毎月変わり、一部の公式ページは動的なため、いくつかの項目は静的なガイドで固定できません。これらは「直接の日付入り見積りが必要」とし、推測しません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Rates and campaigns change monthly, even between application and execution.","Some official lender pages are dynamic and did not expose all fields on Aug 1, 2026.","Unconfirmed fields are flagged, not inferred.","This page tracks what still requires a direct quotation."],"ja":["金利やキャンペーンは毎月、申込と実行の間でも変わる。","一部の公式ページは動的で、2026年8月1日に全項目を表示しなかった。","未確認の項目は推測せず明示する。","このページは直接の見積りが必要な項目を管理する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"why-some-fields-are-open","heading":{"en":"Why some fields cannot be fixed","ja":"一部の項目を固定できない理由"},"body":{"en":["A genuinely exhaustive product-level directory cannot be frozen in a static guide, because rates and campaigns change monthly or even between application and execution. Several official lender pages are dynamic and did not expose all numeric fields in retrievable text on August 1, 2026. Those fields are marked \"direct dated quotation required,\" not inferred — for example, PayPay Bank’s base rate and SBI Shinsei’s current August offer were not reliably retrievable, and the official JHF page still displayed July on August 1 while provider pages showed the updated 3.29% market rate."],"ja":["真に網羅的な商品別ディレクトリは静的なガイドで固定できません。金利やキャンペーンは毎月、申込と実行の間でも変わるためです。いくつかの公式ページは動的で、2026年8月1日の取得テキストに全数値項目を出しませんでした。これらは推測せず「直接の日付入り見積りが必要」とします。例えばPayPay銀行の基準金利やSBI新生の8月の提示は確実には取得できず、JHFの公式ページは8月1日時点でなお7月を表示する一方、各社ページは更新後の3.29%を示しました。"]}},{"id":"the-queue","heading":{"en":"The principal open fields","ja":"主な未確定項目"},"body":{"en":["The principal missing or non-standardized fields are: an effective all-fee APR for every lender; a universal approval time; the real minimum income; the employment-history minimum; non-PR eligibility for every bank; appraisal methodology; a guaranteed obtainable rate; English-support quality; a nationwide regional-bank and credit-union comparison; investment-loan rates; reverse-mortgage recourse and heirs’ treatment; brokerage/agent conflicts; and renovation and inspection prices. For each of these, obtain a direct dated quotation for your specific case rather than relying on a general figure.","Key points to carry away: Rates and campaigns change monthly, even between application and execution; Some official lender pages are dynamic and did not expose all fields on Aug 1, 2026; Unconfirmed fields are flagged, not inferred; This page tracks what still requires a direct quotation. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["主な未確定・非標準化の項目は、各社の総費用実効APR、普遍的な審査期間、実際の最低所得、勤続年数の最低要件、各行の非永住者の適格性、鑑定手法、保証される取得可能金利、英語対応の質、地方銀行・信用組合の全国比較、投資ローンの金利、リバースモーゲージの遡及と相続人の扱い、仲介・エージェントの利益相反、リフォームと検査の価格です。いずれも一般的な数字に頼らず、自分のケースについて直接の日付入り見積りを取りましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：金利やキャンペーンは毎月、申込と実行の間でも変わる。一部の公式ページは動的で、2026年8月1日に全項目を表示しなかった。未確認の項目は推測せず明示する。このページは直接の見積りが必要な項目を管理する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Readers checking data freshness","Anyone comparing dated quotations"],"ja":["データの新しさを確認する読者","日付入り見積りを比較する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A live rate feed"],"ja":["リアルタイムの金利配信"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not infer a flagged field; obtain a direct dated quotation for your specific case."],"ja":["明示された未確定項目を推測しないこと。自分のケースの直接の日付入り見積りを取りましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-compare-fairly","loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"sources":["jhf-flat35-rates","paypay-mortgage","shinsei-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-rate-history","read-mortgage-quote","mortgage-lenders"]},{"slug":"mortgage-rate-history","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mortgage rate verification and change history","ja":"住宅ローン金利の確認と変更履歴"},"summary":{"en":"Current and historical dated records, effective dates, and lender announcements.","ja":"現行・過去の日付入り記録、実行日、各社の告知。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Rates are recorded with their verification date because they change monthly; as of August 1, 2026 the BoJ guideline was around 1.0%, standard Flat 35 was about 3.29% for 21–35 years, and several lenders had pre-announced further increases.","ja":"金利は毎月変わるため確認日とともに記録します。2026年8月1日時点で、日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%、標準フラット35は21〜35年で約3.29%、いくつかの貸し手はさらなる上昇を予告していました。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Rates are recorded with a verification date and effective month.","As of Aug 1, 2026: BoJ guideline ~1.0%, standard Flat 35 ~3.29% for 21–35 years.","Mizuho pre-announced 1.275%+ variable from January 2027; PayPay raised long-term surcharges from September 2026.","Always confirm the current rate at application and execution."],"ja":["金利は確認日と実行月とともに記録する。","2026年8月1日時点：日銀目標約1.0%、標準フラット35は21〜35年約3.29%。","みずほは2027年1月から変動1.275%以上を予告、PayPayは2026年9月から長期上乗せを引き上げ。","申込時と実行時に常に現行金利を確認する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"why-dated","heading":{"en":"Why rates are dated","ja":"金利に日付を付ける理由"},"body":{"en":["Mortgage rates are recorded with the date they were verified because they change monthly, and sometimes between application and execution. As of August 1, 2026 (Japan Standard Time), the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% after its June 2026 decision, the average uncollateralized overnight call rate was roughly 0.977% at the end of July, standard Flat 35 was about 3.29% for 21–35 years at providers (the official JHF page still showed July’s 3.14% on August 1), and major lenders had announced or implemented higher prime rates."],"ja":["住宅ローン金利は毎月、時に申込と実行の間でも変わるため、確認した日付とともに記録します。2026年8月1日(日本時間)時点で、日銀の誘導目標は6月の決定後で約1.0%、無担保コール翌日物の平均は7月末で約0.977%、標準フラット35は各社で21〜35年約3.29%(JHFの公式ページは8月1日時点でなお7月の3.14%を表示)、主要行はプライムレートの引き上げを公表・実施していました。"]}},{"id":"announced-changes","heading":{"en":"Pre-announced changes","ja":"予告された変更"},"body":{"en":["Some lenders publish future changes, which are the most useful figures for planning. Mizuho showed new variable borrowing from about 1.025% with a warning that 1.275% or more would apply from January 2027; Resona announced prime-rate changes for October 2026 affecting certain repayments from January 2027; and PayPay Bank’s long-term surcharge for terms over 35 years rises for executions from September 1, 2026. Model the announced future payment, not only today’s rate, and always confirm the current rate in a dated quotation at application and execution.","Key points to carry away: Rates are recorded with a verification date and effective month; As of Aug 1, 2026: BoJ guideline ~1.0%, standard Flat 35 ~3.29% for 21–35 years; Mizuho pre-announced 1.275%+ variable from January 2027; PayPay raised long-term surcharges from September 2026; Always confirm the current rate at application and execution. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["一部の貸し手は将来の変更を公表しており、計画に最も有用な数字です。みずほは新規変動約1.025%からとし2027年1月以降1.275%以上を警告、りそなは2026年10月のプライムレート変更(一部返済に2027年1月以降影響)を告知、PayPay銀行の35年超の長期上乗せは2026年9月1日以降の実行で上がります。今日の金利だけでなく告知された将来の返済額を試算し、申込時と実行時に日付入り見積りで現行金利を必ず確認しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：金利は確認日と実行月とともに記録する。2026年8月1日時点：日銀目標約1.0%、標準フラット35は21〜35年約3.29%。みずほは2027年1月から変動1.275%以上を予告、PayPayは2026年9月から長期上乗せを引き上げ。申込時と実行時に常に現行金利を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers tracking rate changes","Anyone planning around a future reset"],"ja":["金利変更を追う借り手","将来の見直しを見越して計画する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A live rate feed"],"ja":["リアルタイムの金利配信"]},"warnings":{"en":["These rates were verified August 1, 2026 and have likely changed; confirm the current rate at application and execution."],"ja":["これらは2026年8月1日時点の確認値で、変わっている可能性が高いです。申込時と実行時に現行金利を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-rate-rise","loan-cheapest-mortgage","loan-compare-fairly"],"sources":["boj-policy","boj-call-rate","jhf-flat35-rates","mizuho-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-rates","research-status","mortgage-advertising-rates"]},{"slug":"compare-mortgages-methodology","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How we compare Japanese mortgages","ja":"住宅ローンの比較方法"},"summary":{"en":"Rate treatment, fee normalization, effective dates, eligibility, and unknown fields.","ja":"金利の扱い・手数料の正規化・実行日・適格性・未確定項目。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"We compare mortgages on the same execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period; separate advertised rates from realistic underwriting outcomes; normalize fees into an all-in cost; and flag fields that require a direct dated quotation rather than inferring them.","ja":"同じ実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間で比較し、広告金利と現実の審査結果を分け、手数料を総コストに正規化し、推測せず直接の見積りが必要な項目を明示します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Compare on the same execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period.","Separate advertised rates from realistic underwriting outcomes.","Normalize origination, guarantee, and insurance costs into an all-in figure.","Flag unknown fields as \"quotation required\" rather than inferring them."],"ja":["同じ実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間で比較する。","広告金利と現実の審査結果を分ける。","事務手数料・保証料・保険を総コストに正規化する。","未確定項目は推測せず「見積り必須」と明示する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-method","heading":{"en":"The comparison method","ja":"比較の方法"},"body":{"en":["To compare mortgages fairly, we hold the variables constant: the same execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period across every lender. We separate advertised execution rates from realistic underwriting outcomes, because a headline rate assumes the maximum discount and a favorable LTV. We normalize the origination fee (frequently 2.20%), guarantee fee, appraisal, registration, and insurance additions into an all-in internal cost over the holding period — a 2.20% fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short hold."],"ja":["公平に比較するため、変数を固定します。すべての貸し手で同じ実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間です。広告の実行金利と現実の審査結果を分けます。表面金利は最大割引と有利なLTVを前提とするためです。事務手数料(多くは2.20%)・保証料・鑑定・登記・保険上乗せを、保有期間の総内部コストに正規化します。5,000万円への2.20%手数料は他費用前で110万円で、短期保有ではわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。"]}},{"id":"unknowns","heading":{"en":"How we handle unknown fields","ja":"未確定項目の扱い"},"body":{"en":["Some fields cannot be standardized from public pages — the effective all-fee APR, real minimum income, employment-history minimum, non-PR eligibility, appraisal methodology, and the actual obtainable rate. We flag these as requiring a direct dated quotation rather than inferring a number, and we record every rate with its verification date because pricing changes monthly. Where a lender’s page is dynamic or still showed a prior month, we say so rather than presenting a stale figure as current.","Key points to carry away: Compare on the same execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period; Separate advertised rates from realistic underwriting outcomes; Normalize origination, guarantee, and insurance costs into an all-in figure; Flag unknown fields as \"quotation required\" rather than inferring them. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["公開ページからは標準化できない項目があります。総費用の実効APR、実際の最低所得、勤続年数の最低要件、非永住者の適格性、鑑定手法、実際に得られる金利です。これらは数字を推測せず直接の日付入り見積りが必要と明示し、価格は毎月変わるため各金利を確認日とともに記録します。貸し手のページが動的、または前月をなお表示していた場合は、古い数字を現行として示さずその旨を述べます。","押さえておきたい要点：同じ実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間で比較する。広告金利と現実の審査結果を分ける。事務手数料・保証料・保険を総コストに正規化する。未確定項目は推測せず「見積り必須」と明示する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Readers evaluating our comparisons","Anyone building their own comparison"],"ja":["当サイトの比較を評価する読者","自分で比較を作る人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A specific lender recommendation"],"ja":["特定の金融機関の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["No comparison replaces a dated written quotation for your specific case; use ours as a screen, not the final word."],"ja":["どの比較も、自分のケースの日付入り見積りの代わりにはなりません。当サイトの比較は絞り込みに使いましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-compare-fairly","loan-how-many-lenders","loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","mufg-mortgage","jibun-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["compare-mortgage-lenders","read-mortgage-quote","mortgage-rate-history"]},{"slug":"property-portals","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Property portals in Japan","ja":"日本の不動産ポータル"},"summary":{"en":"Coverage, listing types, language, cost, freshness, and the advertiser model.","ja":"掲載範囲・種類・言語・費用・鮮度・広告主モデル。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Property portals (SUUMO, at home, HOME’S, Yahoo! Real Estate, Nifty Real Estate, Real Estate Japan) are advertising and discovery tools — usually free to consumers, paid by advertisers, with common duplicate and stale listings.","ja":"不動産ポータル(SUUMO・アットホーム・HOME’S・Yahoo!不動産・ニフティ不動産・Real Estate Japan)は広告と発見のツールで、消費者は通常無料、広告主が費用を払い、重複・古い掲載が一般的です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Usually free to consumers; paid by advertisers or referral partners.","Listings may be duplicated, stale, or optimized for lead generation.","A portal is discovery, not title, legal, building, or financial diligence.","Language and English support vary by portal."],"ja":["消費者は通常無料。広告主や紹介先が費用を払う。","掲載は重複・古い・見込み客獲得に最適化されていることがある。","ポータルは発見であり権利・法務・建物・財務の調査ではない。","言語と英語対応はポータルで異なる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"overview","heading":{"en":"Overview","ja":"概要"},"body":{"en":["Property portals aggregate listings from many brokers, which makes them the natural starting point for a search but also the source of duplicate and stale listings. They are advertising platforms: brokers pay to list, and the ranking often favors lead generation, so a prominent listing is not necessarily the best or the freshest. Use portals to understand the market and identify candidates, then move to proper diligence on the specific property."],"ja":["ポータルは多くの仲介の掲載を集約するため、探索の自然な出発点である一方、重複・古い掲載の源でもあります。広告プラットフォームで、仲介が掲載料を払い、順位はしばしば見込み客獲得を優先するため、目立つ掲載が最良・最新とは限りません。ポータルで市場を理解し候補を特定し、次に具体的な物件の本格的な調査へ移りましょう。"]}},{"id":"conflicts","heading":{"en":"Fees and conflicts to check","ja":"確認すべき手数料と利益相反"},"body":{"en":["A portal is free to you because advertisers pay; verify title, legality, condition, and price independently, and treat duplicate listings as normal."],"ja":["ポータルが無料なのは広告主が払うからです。権利・適法性・状態・価格を独自に確認し、重複掲載は当然と捉えましょう。"]}},{"id":"what-to-verify","heading":{"en":"What to verify before you rely on it","ja":"頼る前に確認すること"},"body":{"en":["In short: Usually free to consumers; paid by advertisers or referral partners; Listings may be duplicated, stale, or optimized for lead generation; A portal is discovery, not title, legal, building, or financial diligence; Language and English support vary by portal.","Whatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal."],"ja":["要点：消費者は通常無料。広告主や紹介先が費用を払う。掲載は重複・古い・見込み客獲得に最適化されていることがある。ポータルは発見であり権利・法務・建物・財務の調査ではない。言語と英語対応はポータルで異なる。","どの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers choosing a service provider","Anyone checking a provider’s incentives"],"ja":["サービス提供者を選ぶ買い手","提供者の動機を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["An endorsement of any specific company"],"ja":["特定企業の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["A portal is free to you because advertisers pay; verify title, legality, condition, and price independently, and treat duplicate listings as normal."],"ja":["ポータルが無料なのは広告主が払うからです。権利・適法性・状態・価格を独自に確認し、重複掲載は当然と捉えましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library","reins-market"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["finding-property","property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","suumo-portal","lifull-homes-portal"]},{"slug":"real-estate-brokerages","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Real-estate brokerages","ja":"不動産仲介会社"},"summary":{"en":"Geography, buyer/seller service, fees, language, and licensing.","ja":"地域・買主/売主対応・手数料・言語・免許。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Brokerages (Mitsui Rehouse, Sumitomo Real Estate Sales, Tokyu Livable, Nomura, Mitsubishi Estate House Net, Century 21 members) are usually commission-based; ask who they represent and verify the license.","ja":"仲介会社(三井のリハウス・住友不動産販売・東急リバブル・野村・三菱地所ハウスネット・センチュリー21加盟店)は通常手数料制です。誰を代理するか尋ね、免許を確認しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Usually commission-based, subject to a statutory maximum.","The listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller.","Ask whether dual agency or direct dealing exists.","Verify the license and any administrative actions before paying."],"ja":["通常は手数料制で法定上限がある。","掲載側は売主を代理または経済的に依存し得る。","両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。","支払う前に免許と行政処分を確認する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"overview","heading":{"en":"Overview","ja":"概要"},"body":{"en":["Major brokerages operate nationwide or regionally and handle both buyer and seller sides. They are usually commission-based, and the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller, so their incentives are not automatically aligned with a buyer’s. A large brand does not remove the conflict — it makes verifying representation and the fee more important, not less."],"ja":["大手仲介は全国・地域で営業し、買主・売主の双方を扱います。通常は手数料制で、掲載側は売主を代理または依存し得るため、動機は自動的に買主と一致しません。大手ブランドでも利益相反はなくならず、むしろ代理関係と手数料の確認がより重要になります。"]}},{"id":"conflicts","heading":{"en":"Fees and conflicts to check","ja":"確認すべき手数料と利益相反"},"body":{"en":["Ask who the broker represents and whether dual agency exists; a brand name does not remove the seller-side conflict."],"ja":["誰を代理し両手仲介があるか尋ねましょう。ブランド名は売主側の利益相反を消しません。"]}},{"id":"what-to-verify","heading":{"en":"What to verify before you rely on it","ja":"頼る前に確認すること"},"body":{"en":["In short: Usually commission-based, subject to a statutory maximum; The listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller; Ask whether dual agency or direct dealing exists; Verify the license and any administrative actions before paying.","Whatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal."],"ja":["要点：通常は手数料制で法定上限がある。掲載側は売主を代理または経済的に依存し得る。両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。支払う前に免許と行政処分を確認する。","どの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers choosing a service provider","Anyone checking a provider’s incentives"],"ja":["サービス提供者を選ぶ買い手","提供者の動機を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["An endorsement of any specific company"],"ja":["特定企業の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Ask who the broker represents and whether dual agency exists; a brand name does not remove the seller-side conflict."],"ja":["誰を代理し両手仲介があるか尋ねましょう。ブランド名は売主側の利益相反を消しません。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["real-estate-agents-japan","real-estate-brokerage-fees","mitsui-rehouse-profile","foreign-friendly-real-estate"]},{"slug":"foreign-friendly-real-estate","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Foreign-friendly real-estate agencies","ja":"外国人対応の不動産会社"},"summary":{"en":"Language, geographic coverage, mortgage help, buyer representation, and fees.","ja":"言語・対応地域・住宅ローン支援・買主代理・手数料。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Foreign-friendly agencies (PLAZA HOMES, Ken Corporation, Housing Japan, E-Housing, Japan Property Central, Tokyo Portfolio) vary widely — some are brokers, some media/referral businesses; verify which, and whether advice is independent.","ja":"外国人対応の会社(PLAZA HOMES・ケン・コーポレーション・Housing Japan・E-Housing・Japan Property Central・Tokyo Portfolio)は多様で、仲介もあればメディア/紹介業もあります。どちらか、助言が独立かを確認しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Language support varies by city and transaction.","Some are brokers, some are media or referral businesses.","An English website does not mean independent buyer representation.","Verify license, fee, lender relationship, and whether advice is independent."],"ja":["言語対応は都市と取引で異なる。","仲介もあればメディア/紹介業もある。","英語サイト＝独立した買主代理ではない。","免許・手数料・貸し手との関係・助言の独立性を確認する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"overview","heading":{"en":"Overview","ja":"概要"},"body":{"en":["Foreign-friendly agencies advertise language support, but the category mixes genuine brokers with media and referral businesses. Language support also varies by city and transaction — an English marketing page, an interpreter, and full English contracting are different services. Verify the license, the fee, any lender relationship, and whether the advice is independent before relying on it."],"ja":["外国人対応の会社は言語支援を掲げますが、この区分には本物の仲介とメディア・紹介業が混在します。言語支援も都市と取引で異なり、英語の広告ページ・通訳・英語での契約は別物です。頼る前に、免許・手数料・貸し手との関係・助言の独立性を確認しましょう。"]}},{"id":"conflicts","heading":{"en":"Fees and conflicts to check","ja":"確認すべき手数料と利益相反"},"body":{"en":["Do not assume \"English website\" means independent buyer representation; state whether the company is a broker, portal, referral, or media business."],"ja":["「英語サイト」を独立した買主代理と思わないこと。その会社が仲介・ポータル・紹介・メディアのどれかを確認しましょう。"]}},{"id":"what-to-verify","heading":{"en":"What to verify before you rely on it","ja":"頼る前に確認すること"},"body":{"en":["In short: Language support varies by city and transaction; Some are brokers, some are media or referral businesses; An English website does not mean independent buyer representation; Verify license, fee, lender relationship, and whether advice is independent.","Whatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal."],"ja":["要点：言語対応は都市と取引で異なる。仲介もあればメディア/紹介業もある。英語サイト＝独立した買主代理ではない。免許・手数料・貸し手との関係・助言の独立性を確認する。","どの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers choosing a service provider","Anyone checking a provider’s incentives"],"ja":["サービス提供者を選ぶ買い手","提供者の動機を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["An endorsement of any specific company"],"ja":["特定企業の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not assume \"English website\" means independent buyer representation; state whether the company is a broker, portal, referral, or media business."],"ja":["「英語サイト」を独立した買主代理と思わないこと。その会社が仲介・ポータル・紹介・メディアのどれかを確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["foreigners-buying-property","foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","plaza-homes-profile","buyers-agents"]},{"slug":"buyers-agents","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Buyer’s agents in Japan","ja":"日本の買主エージェント"},"summary":{"en":"Representation, compensation, search, negotiation, diligence, and conflicts.","ja":"代理・報酬・物件探し・交渉・調査・利益相反。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A buyer’s agent represents you in the search, negotiation, and diligence — valuable when properly incentivized, but confirm how they are compensated and whether they are truly independent of the seller.","ja":"買主エージェントは物件探し・交渉・調査であなたを代理します。適切に動機づけられれば有用ですが、報酬の受け方と、売主から真に独立かを確認しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Provides search, negotiation, and diligence representation.","Confirm how the agent is compensated (buyer-paid or lender/seller-paid).","A properly incentivized professional adds judgment a portal cannot.","Ask whether they act for both sides or have a direct interest in the sale."],"ja":["物件探し・交渉・調査の代理を提供する。","報酬の受け方(買主負担か貸し手/売主負担か)を確認する。","適切に動機づけられた専門家はポータルにない判断を加える。","双方の代理か、売買に直接の利害があるか尋ねる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"overview","heading":{"en":"Overview","ja":"概要"},"body":{"en":["A buyer’s agent is meant to represent your interests specifically — searching, negotiating, and running diligence on your behalf. The value depends on incentives: an agent paid by you, independent of the seller, can provide genuine judgment, while one whose compensation depends on the sale closing may not. Use a portal for discovery and a properly incentivized professional for judgment."],"ja":["買主エージェントは、あなたの利益を特に代理するはずのもので、あなたのために探索・交渉・調査を行います。価値は動機次第です。あなたが払い売主から独立したエージェントは本物の判断を提供でき、売買成立に報酬が依存するエージェントはそうでないことがあります。発見にはポータル、判断には適切に動機づけられた専門家を使いましょう。"]}},{"id":"conflicts","heading":{"en":"Fees and conflicts to check","ja":"確認すべき手数料と利益相反"},"body":{"en":["Confirm how the buyer’s agent is paid; representation is only as good as the incentive behind it."],"ja":["買主エージェントの報酬の受け方を確認しましょう。代理は背後の動機次第です。"]}},{"id":"what-to-verify","heading":{"en":"What to verify before you rely on it","ja":"頼る前に確認すること"},"body":{"en":["In short: Provides search, negotiation, and diligence representation; Confirm how the agent is compensated (buyer-paid or lender/seller-paid); A properly incentivized professional adds judgment a portal cannot; Ask whether they act for both sides or have a direct interest in the sale.","Whatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal."],"ja":["要点：物件探し・交渉・調査の代理を提供する。報酬の受け方(買主負担か貸し手/売主負担か)を確認する。適切に動機づけられた専門家はポータルにない判断を加える。双方の代理か、売買に直接の利害があるか尋ねる。","どの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers choosing a service provider","Anyone checking a provider’s incentives"],"ja":["サービス提供者を選ぶ買い手","提供者の動機を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["An endorsement of any specific company"],"ja":["特定企業の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Confirm how the buyer’s agent is paid; representation is only as good as the incentive behind it."],"ja":["買主エージェントの報酬の受け方を確認しましょう。代理は背後の動機次第です。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","real-estate-agents-japan","foreign-friendly-real-estate"]},{"slug":"mortgage-comparison-services","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mortgage brokers and comparison services","ja":"住宅ローン比較・仲介サービス"},"summary":{"en":"Participating lenders, referral payment, application support, and exclusions.","ja":"参加金融機関・紹介報酬・申込支援・除外。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Mortgage comparison services (Kakaku.com, Mogecheck, bank comparison portals, Flat 35 lender search) are often free to the borrower and paid by referral — rankings may favor participating products, so ask which lenders are excluded.","ja":"住宅ローン比較サービス(価格.com・モゲチェック・銀行比較ポータル・フラット35の取扱機関検索)は借り手には無料で紹介報酬で成り立つことが多く、順位は参加商品を優先し得ます。どの金融機関が除外かを尋ねましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Often free to the borrower and paid by referral or lender marketing.","Rankings may favor participating products.","Ask which lenders are excluded from the comparison.","Use as a lead source, not independent advice."],"ja":["借り手には無料で紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つことが多い。","順位は参加商品を優先し得る。","比較からどの金融機関が除外かを尋ねる。","独立した助言でなく見込みの入口として使う。"]},"sections":[{"id":"overview","heading":{"en":"Overview","ja":"概要"},"body":{"en":["Comparison services and mortgage brokers can save time by aggregating rates and supporting the application, but they are usually paid by referral or lender marketing, so the ranking may favor participating products and exclude others. Ask which lenders are not included, and treat a ranking as a lead source rather than independent advice — then verify the actual offer with a dated quotation."],"ja":["比較サービスや住宅ローン仲介は、金利の集約と申込支援で時間を節約できますが、通常は紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つため、順位は参加商品を優先し他を除外し得ます。どの金融機関が含まれないかを尋ね、順位を独立した助言でなく見込みの入口と捉え、実際の提示を日付入り見積りで確認しましょう。"]}},{"id":"conflicts","heading":{"en":"Fees and conflicts to check","ja":"確認すべき手数料と利益相反"},"body":{"en":["Rankings may favor participating lenders and exclude others; ask which are excluded and verify with a dated quotation."],"ja":["順位は参加金融機関を優先し他を除外し得ます。除外を尋ね、日付入り見積りで確認しましょう。"]}},{"id":"what-to-verify","heading":{"en":"What to verify before you rely on it","ja":"頼る前に確認すること"},"body":{"en":["In short: Often free to the borrower and paid by referral or lender marketing; Rankings may favor participating products; Ask which lenders are excluded from the comparison; Use as a lead source, not independent advice.","Whatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal."],"ja":["要点：借り手には無料で紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つことが多い。順位は参加商品を優先し得る。比較からどの金融機関が除外かを尋ねる。独立した助言でなく見込みの入口として使う。","どの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers choosing a service provider","Anyone checking a provider’s incentives"],"ja":["サービス提供者を選ぶ買い手","提供者の動機を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["An endorsement of any specific company"],"ja":["特定企業の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Rankings may favor participating lenders and exclude others; ask which are excluded and verify with a dated quotation."],"ja":["順位は参加金融機関を優先し他を除外し得ます。除外を尋ね、日付入り見積りで確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["jhf-flat35","mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["compare-mortgage-lenders","mortgage-lenders","kakaku-mortgage-profile","mogecheck-profile"]},{"slug":"property-valuation-services","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Property valuation services","ja":"不動産の査定サービス"},"summary":{"en":"AI estimate, broker appraisal, formal appraisal, price, and purpose.","ja":"AI査定・仲介査定・正式鑑定・費用・目的。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Valuation ranges from free AI estimates and broker appraisals (often free because the provider seeks the listing) to paid, more defensible formal appraisals by licensed appraisers — choose by purpose.","ja":"査定は、無料のAI査定や仲介査定(掲載獲得のため無料が多い)から、有資格の不動産鑑定士による有料でより堅牢な正式鑑定まであります。目的で選びましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["AI estimates and broker appraisals are often free but less rigorous.","Broker estimates can be free because the provider seeks the listing.","Formal appraisals by licensed appraisers are paid and more defensible.","Choose the valuation type by the purpose (listing, dispute, tax, finance)."],"ja":["AI査定や仲介査定は無料が多いが厳密さに欠ける。","仲介査定が無料なのは掲載獲得を狙うから。","有資格の鑑定士による正式鑑定は有料でより堅牢。","目的(掲載・紛争・税・融資)で査定の種類を選ぶ。"]},"sections":[{"id":"overview","heading":{"en":"Overview","ja":"概要"},"body":{"en":["Valuation comes in tiers. AI estimates and broker appraisals are quick and often free — but a broker estimate can be free precisely because the provider wants your listing, which is a conflict. Formal appraisals by licensed real-estate appraisers are paid and more defensible, though still judgment-based. Match the tool to the purpose, and remember MLIT comparables and REINS data let you sanity-check any estimate."],"ja":["査定には段階があります。AI査定や仲介査定は速く無料が多いですが、仲介査定が無料なのはまさに掲載がほしいからで、利益相反です。有資格の不動産鑑定士による正式鑑定は有料でより堅牢ですが、なお判断に基づきます。目的に合わせて手段を選び、国交省の事例やREINSでどの査定も検証できることを覚えておきましょう。"]}},{"id":"conflicts","heading":{"en":"Fees and conflicts to check","ja":"確認すべき手数料と利益相反"},"body":{"en":["A free broker valuation may be a bid for your listing; use MLIT comparables to sanity-check any estimate."],"ja":["無料の仲介査定は掲載獲得の狙いのことがあります。国交省の事例でどの査定も検証しましょう。"]}},{"id":"what-to-verify","heading":{"en":"What to verify before you rely on it","ja":"頼る前に確認すること"},"body":{"en":["In short: AI estimates and broker appraisals are often free but less rigorous; Broker estimates can be free because the provider seeks the listing; Formal appraisals by licensed appraisers are paid and more defensible; Choose the valuation type by the purpose (listing, dispute, tax, finance).","Whatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal."],"ja":["要点：AI査定や仲介査定は無料が多いが厳密さに欠ける。仲介査定が無料なのは掲載獲得を狙うから。有資格の鑑定士による正式鑑定は有料でより堅牢。目的(掲載・紛争・税・融資)で査定の種類を選ぶ。","どの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers choosing a service provider","Anyone checking a provider’s incentives"],"ja":["サービス提供者を選ぶ買い手","提供者の動機を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["An endorsement of any specific company"],"ja":["特定企業の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["A free broker valuation may be a bid for your listing; use MLIT comparables to sanity-check any estimate."],"ja":["無料の仲介査定は掲載獲得の狙いのことがあります。国交省の事例でどの査定も検証しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-resale-value","compare-property-listings","official-property-data"]},{"slug":"home-inspection-services","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Home inspection services","ja":"住宅検査サービス"},"summary":{"en":"Qualifications, inspection scope, price model, independence, and report.","ja":"資格・検査範囲・料金体系・独立性・報告。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Home inspectors (registered existing-home condition inspectors, architects, warranty-insurance inspectors) charge a buyer-paid fee; prefer one independent of the seller and the renovation contractor.","ja":"住宅検査人(建物状況調査の登録検査人・建築士・保険付帯の検査人)は買主負担の料金を取ります。売主や施工業者から独立した検査人を選びましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Qualified inspectors examine visible and measurable deterioration.","Buyer-paid fixed fee or property-size fee.","Prefer independence from the seller and renovation contractor.","An inspection does not guarantee no hidden defects."],"ja":["有資格の検査人が目視・計測可能な劣化を調べる。","買主負担の定額または面積比例の料金。","売主や施工業者からの独立を優先する。","検査は隠れた瑕疵の不存在を保証しない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"overview","heading":{"en":"Overview","ja":"概要"},"body":{"en":["Inspection services range from registered existing-home condition inspectors to architects and warranty-insurance inspectors. Fees are buyer-paid, either fixed or based on property size. The most important choice is independence: an inspector chosen by you, independent of the seller and any renovation contractor, gives a report not shaped by an interest in closing the sale or selling repair work. No inspection guarantees there are no hidden defects."],"ja":["検査サービスは、建物状況調査の登録検査人から建築士、保険付帯の検査人まであります。料金は買主負担で、定額または面積比例です。最重要の選択は独立性です。あなたが選び、売主や施工業者から独立した検査人は、売却成立や修繕受注への利害で歪まない報告を出します。いかなる検査も隠れた瑕疵の不存在を保証しません。"]}},{"id":"conflicts","heading":{"en":"Fees and conflicts to check","ja":"確認すべき手数料と利益相反"},"body":{"en":["Prefer an inspector independent of the seller and renovation contractor; independence is more important than a low fee."],"ja":["売主や施工業者から独立した検査人を選びましょう。独立性は低料金より重要です。"]}},{"id":"what-to-verify","heading":{"en":"What to verify before you rely on it","ja":"頼る前に確認すること"},"body":{"en":["In short: Qualified inspectors examine visible and measurable deterioration; Buyer-paid fixed fee or property-size fee; Prefer independence from the seller and renovation contractor; An inspection does not guarantee no hidden defects.","Whatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","Key points to carry away: Qualified inspectors examine visible and measurable deterioration; Buyer-paid fixed fee or property-size fee; Prefer independence from the seller and renovation contractor; An inspection does not guarantee no hidden defects. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["要点：有資格の検査人が目視・計測可能な劣化を調べる。買主負担の定額または面積比例の料金。売主や施工業者からの独立を優先する。検査は隠れた瑕疵の不存在を保証しない。","どの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：有資格の検査人が目視・計測可能な劣化を調べる。買主負担の定額または面積比例の料金。売主や施工業者からの独立を優先する。検査は隠れた瑕疵の不存在を保証しない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers choosing a service provider","Anyone checking a provider’s incentives"],"ja":["サービス提供者を選ぶ買い手","提供者の動機を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["An endorsement of any specific company"],"ja":["特定企業の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Prefer an inspector independent of the seller and renovation contractor; independence is more important than a low fee."],"ja":["売主や施工業者から独立した検査人を選びましょう。独立性は低料金より重要です。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mlit-inspection"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["home-inspections","evaluating-used-property","property-defects-warranties"]},{"slug":"renovation-services","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Renovation platforms and companies","ja":"リフォーム会社・マッチングサービス"},"summary":{"en":"Coverage, matching model, fees, licenses, and warranties.","ja":"対応範囲・マッチングモデル・手数料・免許・保証。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Renovation providers (local licensed builders, major reform companies, matching marketplaces) may embed referral fees — obtain scope-aligned bids with drawings, exclusions, warranty, license, and a milestone payment schedule.","ja":"リフォーム提供者(地域の有免許業者・大手リフォーム会社・マッチングマーケット)は紹介料を織り込み得ます。図面・除外・保証・免許・出来高払いを伴う、範囲に合った見積りを取りましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Local builders, major reform companies, and matching marketplaces.","Matching platforms may embed referral fees in the price.","Obtain scope-aligned bids with drawings, exclusions, and warranty.","Verify the license and use a milestone payment schedule."],"ja":["地域の業者・大手リフォーム会社・マッチングマーケット。","マッチングは価格に紹介料を織り込み得る。","図面・除外・保証を伴う範囲に合った見積りを取る。","免許を確認し出来高払いを使う。"]},"sections":[{"id":"overview","heading":{"en":"Overview","ja":"概要"},"body":{"en":["Renovation can be arranged directly with local licensed builders, through major reform companies, or via matching marketplaces. Matching platforms are convenient but may embed a referral fee in the price. Whatever the channel, obtain scope-aligned bids that include drawings, clear exclusions, a warranty, license verification, and a payment schedule tied to milestones — do not accept a quote without those, and hold a contingency for hidden work."],"ja":["リフォームは、地域の有免許業者と直接、大手リフォーム会社経由、またはマッチングマーケット経由で手配できます。マッチングは便利ですが価格に紹介料を織り込み得ます。どの経路でも、図面・明確な除外・保証・免許の確認・出来高に連動した支払い計画を含む、範囲に合った見積りを取りましょう。これらのない見積りは受けず、隠れた工事のための予備費を持ちましょう。"]}},{"id":"conflicts","heading":{"en":"Fees and conflicts to check","ja":"確認すべき手数料と利益相反"},"body":{"en":["Matching marketplaces may embed referral fees; never accept a renovation quote without drawings, scope, exclusions, and milestone payments."],"ja":["マッチングは紹介料を織り込み得ます。図面・範囲・除外・出来高払いのないリフォーム見積りを受けないこと。"]}},{"id":"what-to-verify","heading":{"en":"What to verify before you rely on it","ja":"頼る前に確認すること"},"body":{"en":["In short: Local builders, major reform companies, and matching marketplaces; Matching platforms may embed referral fees in the price; Obtain scope-aligned bids with drawings, exclusions, and warranty; Verify the license and use a milestone payment schedule.","Whatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal."],"ja":["要点：地域の業者・大手リフォーム会社・マッチングマーケット。マッチングは価格に紹介料を織り込み得る。図面・除外・保証を伴う範囲に合った見積りを取る。免許を確認し出来高払いを使う。","どの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers choosing a service provider","Anyone checking a provider’s incentives"],"ja":["サービス提供者を選ぶ買い手","提供者の動機を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["An endorsement of any specific company"],"ja":["特定企業の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Matching marketplaces may embed referral fees; never accept a renovation quote without drawings, scope, exclusions, and milestone payments."],"ja":["マッチングは紹介料を織り込み得ます。図面・範囲・除外・出来高払いのないリフォーム見積りを受けないこと。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["renovation-costs-financing","renovation-loans","evaluating-used-property"]},{"slug":"property-management-services","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Property-management companies","ja":"不動産管理会社"},"summary":{"en":"Rental or condominium management, pricing, leasing fees, and repair conflicts.","ja":"賃貸/マンション管理・料金・客付け手数料・修繕の利益相反。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Management companies (Tokyu Community, Daikyo Astage, Mitsui Fudosan Residential Service, local rental managers) charge the association (condo) or a percentage of rent plus leasing/renewal fees (rental) — and may also sell repair work, a conflict to watch.","ja":"管理会社(東急コミュニティー・大京アステージ・三井不動産レジデンシャルサービス・地域の賃貸管理)は、組合(マンション)または家賃の一定割合＋客付け/更新料(賃貸)を請求し、修繕工事も販売し得ます。利益相反に注意しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Condominium management is paid by the association; rental management is a percentage of rent.","Rental managers also charge leasing and renewal fees.","A management company may also sell repair work — a conflict.","Review the repair proposals independently."],"ja":["マンション管理は組合が、賃貸管理は家賃の一定割合が費用。","賃貸管理は客付け・更新料も請求する。","管理会社は修繕工事も販売し得る。利益相反。","修繕提案は独立して検討する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"overview","heading":{"en":"Overview","ja":"概要"},"body":{"en":["Property management divides into condominium management (paid by the owners’ association) and rental management (commonly a percentage of rent plus leasing and renewal charges). A key conflict is that management companies may also sell repair work, so a repair proposal is not automatically independent. For a condominium, judge the management by the building’s finances and minutes; for a rental, compare the management percentage and leasing/renewal fees."],"ja":["不動産管理は、マンション管理(所有者の組合が費用負担)と賃貸管理(通常は家賃の一定割合＋客付け・更新料)に分かれます。重要な利益相反は、管理会社が修繕工事も販売し得ることで、修繕提案は自動的に独立ではありません。マンションは建物の財務と議事録で管理を判断し、賃貸は管理割合と客付け・更新料を比較しましょう。"]}},{"id":"conflicts","heading":{"en":"Fees and conflicts to check","ja":"確認すべき手数料と利益相反"},"body":{"en":["A management company’s repair proposal may not be independent; review it separately, especially where the manager profits from the work."],"ja":["管理会社の修繕提案は独立とは限りません。特に管理会社が工事で利益を得る場合は別途検討しましょう。"]}},{"id":"what-to-verify","heading":{"en":"What to verify before you rely on it","ja":"頼る前に確認すること"},"body":{"en":["In short: Condominium management is paid by the association; rental management is a percentage of rent; Rental managers also charge leasing and renewal fees; A management company may also sell repair work — a conflict; Review the repair proposals independently.","Whatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal."],"ja":["要点：マンション管理は組合が、賃貸管理は家賃の一定割合が費用。賃貸管理は客付け・更新料も請求する。管理会社は修繕工事も販売し得る。利益相反。修繕提案は独立して検討する。","どの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers choosing a service provider","Anyone checking a provider’s incentives"],"ja":["サービス提供者を選ぶ買い手","提供者の動機を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["An endorsement of any specific company"],"ja":["特定企業の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["A management company’s repair proposal may not be independent; review it separately, especially where the manager profits from the work."],"ja":["管理会社の修繕提案は独立とは限りません。特に管理会社が工事で利益を得る場合は別途検討しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["evaluating-condominium","condominium-management-fees","renting-out-mortgaged-home"]},{"slug":"property-registration-services","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Judicial scriveners and registration services","ja":"司法書士・登記サービス"},"summary":{"en":"Service type, geography, language, and professional fees.","ja":"サービスの種類・地域・言語・報酬。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Judicial scriveners (司法書士), land and house surveyors, attorneys, and tax accountants handle registration and related work for a professional fee plus tax and disbursements — the lender or broker may nominate one; ask whether the choice is mandatory.","ja":"司法書士・土地家屋調査士・弁護士・税理士が、報酬＋税・立替費用で登記や関連業務を行います。貸し手や仲介が指名し得ます。選択が必須かを尋ねましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Judicial scriveners file ownership and mortgage registrations.","A professional fee applies plus tax and disbursements.","The lender or broker may nominate a provider — ask if it is mandatory.","Land surveyors, attorneys, and tax accountants cover related needs."],"ja":["司法書士が所有権・抵当権の登記を行う。","報酬に加え税・立替費用がかかる。","貸し手や仲介が指名し得る。必須かを尋ねる。","土地家屋調査士・弁護士・税理士が関連ニーズを担う。"]},"sections":[{"id":"overview","heading":{"en":"Overview","ja":"概要"},"body":{"en":["Legal and registration work is handled by judicial scriveners (registration), land and house surveyors (boundaries), attorneys (disputes), and tax accountants (tax). Each charges a professional fee plus taxes and disbursements. The lender or broker may nominate a provider — especially a scrivener the lender trusts to register its mortgage — so ask whether the selection is mandatory or whether you may use your own."],"ja":["法務・登記の業務は、司法書士(登記)・土地家屋調査士(境界)・弁護士(紛争)・税理士(税)が担います。それぞれ報酬に加え税・立替費用を請求します。貸し手や仲介が提供者を指名し得ます。特に貸し手が抵当権登記を任せる司法書士です。選択が必須か、自分の司法書士を使えるかを尋ねましょう。"]}},{"id":"conflicts","heading":{"en":"Fees and conflicts to check","ja":"確認すべき手数料と利益相反"},"body":{"en":["The lender may nominate the scrivener; ask whether the selection is mandatory and request a fee estimate."],"ja":["貸し手が司法書士を指名し得ます。選択が必須かを尋ね、報酬の見積りを求めましょう。"]}},{"id":"what-to-verify","heading":{"en":"What to verify before you rely on it","ja":"頼る前に確認すること"},"body":{"en":["In short: Judicial scriveners file ownership and mortgage registrations; A professional fee applies plus tax and disbursements; The lender or broker may nominate a provider — ask if it is mandatory; Land surveyors, attorneys, and tax accountants cover related needs.","Whatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal."],"ja":["要点：司法書士が所有権・抵当権の登記を行う。報酬に加え税・立替費用がかかる。貸し手や仲介が指名し得る。必須かを尋ねる。土地家屋調査士・弁護士・税理士が関連ニーズを担う。","どの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers choosing a service provider","Anyone checking a provider’s incentives"],"ja":["サービス提供者を選ぶ買い手","提供者の動機を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["An endorsement of any specific company"],"ja":["特定企業の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["The lender may nominate the scrivener; ask whether the selection is mandatory and request a fee estimate."],"ja":["貸し手が司法書士を指名し得ます。選択が必須かを尋ね、報酬の見積りを求めましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["moj-inheritance-registration"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["judicial-scrivener-property","property-registration-costs","property-closing-registration"]},{"slug":"property-insurance-providers","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Home and earthquake insurance providers","ja":"住宅・地震保険の提供者"},"summary":{"en":"Coverage, distribution, lender relationships, and quote method.","ja":"補償・販売経路・貸し手との関係・見積り方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Insurers (Tokio Marine, Sompo Japan, Mitsui Sumitomo, Aioi Nissay Dowa, online insurers) provide fire and earthquake cover; premiums depend on location, structure, limits, and options, and the lender or agent may earn commission.","ja":"保険会社(東京海上・損保ジャパン・三井住友海上・あいおいニッセイ同和・ネット系)が火災・地震補償を提供します。保険料は立地・構造・限度・特約で異なり、貸し手や代理店が手数料を得ることがあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Fire and earthquake cover from major and online insurers.","Premiums depend on location, structure, limits, and options.","Earthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance and is capped.","The lender or agent may receive commission — compare external quotes."],"ja":["大手・ネット系の保険会社による火災・地震補償。","保険料は立地・構造・限度・特約で異なる。","地震保険は火災保険に付帯し上限がある。","貸し手や代理店が手数料を得得る。外部見積りを比較する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"overview","heading":{"en":"Overview","ja":"概要"},"body":{"en":["Home insurance is offered by major insurers and online providers, covering fire and (attached) earthquake risk. Premiums depend on location, structure, coverage limits, and options, and earthquake cover is capped and recovery-oriented. The lender or agent may receive commission on a bundled policy, so compare external quotes where permitted rather than assuming the lender’s offer is best."],"ja":["住宅保険は大手・ネット系が提供し、火災と(付帯の)地震リスクを補償します。保険料は立地・構造・補償限度・特約で異なり、地震補償は上限があり生活再建向けです。セット契約では貸し手や代理店が手数料を得ることがあるため、貸し手の提示が最良と決めつけず、認められる範囲で外部の見積りを比較しましょう。"]}},{"id":"conflicts","heading":{"en":"Fees and conflicts to check","ja":"確認すべき手数料と利益相反"},"body":{"en":["The lender or agent may earn commission on a bundled policy; compare external quotes where permitted."],"ja":["セット契約では貸し手や代理店が手数料を得得ます。認められる範囲で外部見積りを比較しましょう。"]}},{"id":"what-to-verify","heading":{"en":"What to verify before you rely on it","ja":"頼る前に確認すること"},"body":{"en":["In short: Fire and earthquake cover from major and online insurers; Premiums depend on location, structure, limits, and options; Earthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance and is capped; The lender or agent may receive commission — compare external quotes.","Whatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal."],"ja":["要点：大手・ネット系の保険会社による火災・地震補償。保険料は立地・構造・限度・特約で異なる。地震保険は火災保険に付帯し上限がある。貸し手や代理店が手数料を得得る。外部見積りを比較する。","どの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers choosing a service provider","Anyone checking a provider’s incentives"],"ja":["サービス提供者を選ぶ買い手","提供者の動機を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["An endorsement of any specific company"],"ja":["特定企業の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["The lender or agent may earn commission on a bundled policy; compare external quotes where permitted."],"ja":["セット契約では貸し手や代理店が手数料を得得ます。認められる範囲で外部見積りを比較しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["gia-earthquake","sonpo-earthquake"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["home-fire-earthquake-insurance","earthquake-standards"]},{"slug":"property-auctions","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Property auction and distressed-sale services","ja":"不動産競売・任意売却サービス"},"summary":{"en":"Court auctions, tax sales, deposits, occupancy, and beginner risks.","ja":"裁判所の競売・公売・保証金・占有・初心者のリスク。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Court BIT auctions, tax-sale systems, and specialist auction-support firms offer distressed property with deposits, limited access, occupant risk, document-only diligence, and no conventional seller warranties — not beginner-friendly.","ja":"裁判所のBIT競売・公売システム・専門の競売サポート会社は、保証金・限られた内見・占有者のリスク・書類のみの調査・通常の売主保証なし、で任意売却物件を扱います。初心者向けではありません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Court BIT auctions, local tax-sale systems, and specialist support firms.","Deposits are required and access to the property is limited.","Occupant risk and document-only diligence are common.","No conventional seller warranties — not beginner-friendly."],"ja":["裁判所のBIT競売・地方の公売・専門のサポート会社。","保証金が必要で物件の内見は限られる。","占有者のリスクと書類のみの調査が一般的。","通常の売主保証がない。初心者向けではない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"overview","heading":{"en":"Overview","ja":"概要"},"body":{"en":["Distressed property is sold through the court BIT auction system, local tax-sale systems, and specialist auction-support firms. These can be cheaper, but they carry serious risks: deposits, limited or no interior access, the risk of an existing occupant, document-only diligence, and no conventional seller warranties. Auctions are not beginner-friendly, and financing them is harder — approach only with specialist support and a clear understanding of the risks."],"ja":["任意売却物件は、裁判所のBIT競売・地方の公売・専門の競売サポート会社を通じて売られます。安いことがありますが重大なリスクを伴います。保証金、限られた・またはない内見、既存の占有者のリスク、書類のみの調査、通常の売主保証なし、です。競売は初心者向けでなく融資も難しいため、専門の支援とリスクの明確な理解をもってのみ臨みましょう。"]}},{"id":"conflicts","heading":{"en":"Fees and conflicts to check","ja":"確認すべき手数料と利益相反"},"body":{"en":["Auctions carry occupant risk, document-only diligence, and no seller warranties; they are not beginner-friendly."],"ja":["競売は占有者のリスク・書類のみの調査・売主保証なしを伴い、初心者向けではありません。"]}},{"id":"what-to-verify","heading":{"en":"What to verify before you rely on it","ja":"頼る前に確認すること"},"body":{"en":["In short: Court BIT auctions, local tax-sale systems, and specialist support firms; Deposits are required and access to the property is limited; Occupant risk and document-only diligence are common; No conventional seller warranties — not beginner-friendly.","Whatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal."],"ja":["要点：裁判所のBIT競売・地方の公売・専門のサポート会社。保証金が必要で物件の内見は限られる。占有者のリスクと書類のみの調査が一般的。通常の売主保証がない。初心者向けではない。","どの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers choosing a service provider","Anyone checking a provider’s incentives"],"ja":["サービス提供者を選ぶ買い手","提供者の動機を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["An endorsement of any specific company"],"ja":["特定企業の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Auctions carry occupant risk, document-only diligence, and no seller warranties; they are not beginner-friendly."],"ja":["競売は占有者のリスク・書類のみの調査・売主保証なしを伴い、初心者向けではありません。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["non-rebuildable-property","akiya-vacant-homes","buying-property-japan"]},{"slug":"official-property-data","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Official property data tools","ja":"公式の不動産データツール"},"summary":{"en":"Transaction data, land prices, hazards, licensing, and official registries.","ja":"取引データ・地価・災害・免許・公的登記。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Official tools (MLIT Real Estate Information Library, official land-price search, REINS Market Information, hazard portals, MLIT/prefectural licensing records) are free and strong for comparable evidence — though data can lag and every property differs.","ja":"公式ツール(国交省の不動産情報ライブラリ・公示地価検索・REINSの市場情報・ハザードポータル・国交省/都道府県の免許記録)は無料で、比較の証拠に強力です。ただしデータは遅れ得、物件はそれぞれ異なります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["MLIT Real Estate Information Library combines prices, land values, planning, and hazards.","REINS Market Information provides transaction comparables.","MLIT and prefectural records let you verify a broker’s license for free.","Data can lag and every property differs — use as evidence, not gospel."],"ja":["国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは価格・地価・都市計画・災害を統合する。","REINSの市場情報は取引事例を提供する。","国交省・都道府県の記録で仲介の免許を無料で確認できる。","データは遅れ得、物件は異なる。証拠として使い盲信しない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"overview","heading":{"en":"Overview","ja":"概要"},"body":{"en":["Official data tools are free and powerful. MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library combines transaction prices, official land values, planning, disaster, and amenity data; REINS Market Information provides transaction comparables; hazard portals show disaster exposure; and MLIT and prefectural licensing records let you verify a broker’s license and any administrative actions before you pay. Data can lag and every property differs, so use these as strong evidence to check listings and brokers, not as a final valuation."],"ja":["公式データツールは無料で強力です。国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは取引価格・公示地価・都市計画・災害・生活利便を統合し、REINSの市場情報は取引事例を提供し、ハザードポータルは災害リスクを示し、国交省・都道府県の免許記録は支払う前に仲介の免許と行政処分を確認できます。データは遅れ得、物件は異なるため、これらを掲載や仲介を確認する強力な証拠として使い、最終評価とはしないでください。"]}},{"id":"conflicts","heading":{"en":"Fees and conflicts to check","ja":"確認すべき手数料と利益相反"},"body":{"en":["Official data can lag and every property differs; use it to check listings and verify licenses, not as a final valuation."],"ja":["公式データは遅れ得、物件は異なります。掲載の確認と免許の照合に使い、最終評価とはしないこと。"]}},{"id":"what-to-verify","heading":{"en":"What to verify before you rely on it","ja":"頼る前に確認すること"},"body":{"en":["In short: MLIT Real Estate Information Library combines prices, land values, planning, and hazards; REINS Market Information provides transaction comparables; MLIT and prefectural records let you verify a broker’s license for free; Data can lag and every property differs — use as evidence, not gospel.","Whatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal."],"ja":["要点：国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは価格・地価・都市計画・災害を統合する。REINSの市場情報は取引事例を提供する。国交省・都道府県の記録で仲介の免許を無料で確認できる。データは遅れ得、物件は異なる。証拠として使い盲信しない。","どの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers choosing a service provider","Anyone checking a provider’s incentives"],"ja":["サービス提供者を選ぶ買い手","提供者の動機を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["An endorsement of any specific company"],"ja":["特定企業の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Official data can lag and every property differs; use it to check listings and verify licenses, not as a final valuation."],"ja":["公式データは遅れ得、物件は異なります。掲載の確認と免許の照合に使い、最終評価とはしないこと。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library","reins-market","mlit-hazard-map"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["compare-property-listings","finding-property","hazard-maps"]},{"slug":"suumo-portal","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"SUUMO","ja":"SUUMO"},"summary":{"en":"Japan’s largest property portal: inventory, English support, search, and monetization.","ja":"日本最大級の不動産ポータル：在庫・英語対応・検索・収益モデル。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"SUUMO (Recruit) is one of Japan’s largest property portals, aggregating rental and sale listings from many brokers; it is a discovery and advertising tool, not independent buyer representation, and duplicate listings are common.","ja":"SUUMO(リクルート)は日本最大級の不動産ポータルの一つで、多くの仲介の賃貸・売買掲載を集約します。発見と広告のツールであり独立した買主代理ではなく、重複掲載が一般的です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["One of Japan’s largest portals with broad rental and sale inventory.","Listings come from many brokers; duplicates are common.","A discovery and advertising tool, not buyer representation.","Limited English support — mostly Japanese-language."],"ja":["日本最大級の広い賃貸・売買在庫を持つポータル。","掲載は多くの仲介から。重複が一般的。","発見と広告のツールであり買主代理ではない。","英語対応は限定的で主に日本語。"]},"sections":[{"id":"overview","heading":{"en":"Overview","ja":"概要"},"body":{"en":["SUUMO, operated by Recruit, is among the largest property portals in Japan, with extensive rental and sale inventory aggregated from many brokerages. Its strengths are breadth of inventory and search; its limitations are that it is Japanese-language-first, listings can be duplicated or stale, and it is monetized through advertising, so a prominent listing reflects paid placement, not quality. Use it for discovery and market understanding, then verify the specific property."],"ja":["リクルートが運営するSUUMOは日本最大級のポータルの一つで、多くの仲介から集約した広い賃貸・売買在庫を持ちます。強みは在庫の広さと検索、限界は日本語優先で掲載が重複・古いことがあり、広告で収益化されるため目立つ掲載は品質でなく有料掲載を反映することです。発見と市場理解に使い、具体的な物件を確認しましょう。"]}},{"id":"conflicts","heading":{"en":"Fees and conflicts to check","ja":"確認すべき手数料と利益相反"},"body":{"en":["SUUMO is an advertising portal, not buyer representation; a prominent listing is paid placement, and duplicates are common."],"ja":["SUUMOは広告ポータルであり買主代理ではありません。目立つ掲載は有料で、重複が一般的です。"]}},{"id":"what-to-verify","heading":{"en":"What to verify before you rely on it","ja":"頼る前に確認すること"},"body":{"en":["In short: One of Japan’s largest portals with broad rental and sale inventory; Listings come from many brokers; duplicates are common; A discovery and advertising tool, not buyer representation; Limited English support — mostly Japanese-language.","Whatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal."],"ja":["要点：日本最大級の広い賃貸・売買在庫を持つポータル。掲載は多くの仲介から。重複が一般的。発見と広告のツールであり買主代理ではない。英語対応は限定的で主に日本語。","どの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers choosing a service provider","Anyone checking a provider’s incentives"],"ja":["サービス提供者を選ぶ買い手","提供者の動機を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["An endorsement of any specific company"],"ja":["特定企業の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["SUUMO is an advertising portal, not buyer representation; a prominent listing is paid placement, and duplicates are common."],"ja":["SUUMOは広告ポータルであり買主代理ではありません。目立つ掲載は有料で、重複が一般的です。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-portals","finding-property","lifull-homes-portal"]},{"slug":"lifull-homes-portal","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"LIFULL HOME’S","ja":"LIFULL HOME’S"},"summary":{"en":"A major property portal: inventory, search and map functions, and monetization.","ja":"大手不動産ポータル：在庫・検索と地図機能・収益モデル。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"LIFULL HOME’S is a major Japanese property portal with broad inventory and strong search and map functions; like all portals it is advertising-funded discovery, not independent buyer representation.","ja":"LIFULL HOME’Sは、広い在庫と強力な検索・地図機能を持つ日本の大手不動産ポータルです。すべてのポータルと同様、広告で成り立つ発見であり独立した買主代理ではありません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A major portal with broad inventory and map/search functions.","Advertising-funded; rankings reflect paid placement.","Duplicate listings occur, as on all portals.","A discovery tool, not diligence or representation."],"ja":["広い在庫と地図/検索機能を持つ大手ポータル。","広告で成り立ち、順位は有料掲載を反映する。","他のポータル同様、重複掲載が起きる。","発見のツールで、調査や代理ではない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"overview","heading":{"en":"Overview","ja":"概要"},"body":{"en":["LIFULL HOME’S is one of Japan’s major property portals, known for broad inventory and useful map and search functions. As with every portal, it is discovery funded by advertising: brokers pay to list, rankings reflect paid placement, and duplicate listings occur. It is a strong tool for finding candidates and understanding the market, but it does not provide title, legal, building, or financial diligence, and it is not buyer representation."],"ja":["LIFULL HOME’Sは日本の大手不動産ポータルの一つで、広い在庫と便利な地図・検索機能で知られます。すべてのポータルと同様、広告で成り立つ発見で、仲介が掲載料を払い、順位は有料掲載を反映し、重複掲載が起きます。候補探しと市場理解の強力なツールですが、権利・法務・建物・財務の調査は提供せず、買主代理でもありません。"]}},{"id":"conflicts","heading":{"en":"Fees and conflicts to check","ja":"確認すべき手数料と利益相反"},"body":{"en":["Like all portals, LIFULL HOME’S is advertising-funded discovery; verify the property independently and expect duplicates."],"ja":["すべてのポータルと同様、LIFULL HOME’Sは広告で成り立つ発見です。物件を独自に確認し、重複を想定しましょう。"]}},{"id":"what-to-verify","heading":{"en":"What to verify before you rely on it","ja":"頼る前に確認すること"},"body":{"en":["In short: A major portal with broad inventory and map/search functions; Advertising-funded; rankings reflect paid placement; Duplicate listings occur, as on all portals; A discovery tool, not diligence or representation.","Whatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal."],"ja":["要点：広い在庫と地図/検索機能を持つ大手ポータル。広告で成り立ち、順位は有料掲載を反映する。他のポータル同様、重複掲載が起きる。発見のツールで、調査や代理ではない。","どの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers choosing a service provider","Anyone checking a provider’s incentives"],"ja":["サービス提供者を選ぶ買い手","提供者の動機を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["An endorsement of any specific company"],"ja":["特定企業の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Like all portals, LIFULL HOME’S is advertising-funded discovery; verify the property independently and expect duplicates."],"ja":["すべてのポータルと同様、LIFULL HOME’Sは広告で成り立つ発見です。物件を独自に確認し、重複を想定しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-portals","suumo-portal","finding-property"]},{"slug":"kakaku-mortgage-profile","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Kakaku.com mortgage comparison","ja":"価格.com 住宅ローン比較"},"summary":{"en":"A mortgage comparison service: participating lenders, referral model, and exclusions.","ja":"住宅ローン比較サービス：参加金融機関・紹介モデル・除外。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Kakaku.com’s mortgage comparison aggregates rates and application links; it is free to the borrower and paid by referral or lender marketing, so its rankings may favor participating products — ask which lenders are excluded.","ja":"価格.comの住宅ローン比較は金利と申込リンクを集約します。借り手には無料で紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つため、順位は参加商品を優先し得ます。どの金融機関が除外かを尋ねましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Aggregates advertised rates and application links.","Free to the borrower; paid by referral or lender marketing.","Rankings may favor participating products.","Use as a lead source, then verify with a dated quotation."],"ja":["広告金利と申込リンクを集約する。","借り手には無料で紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つ。","順位は参加商品を優先し得る。","見込みの入口として使い、日付入り見積りで確認する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"overview","heading":{"en":"Overview","ja":"概要"},"body":{"en":["Kakaku.com’s mortgage section aggregates advertised rates and links to lender applications, which is convenient for a first pass. Like other comparison services it is free to the borrower because it is paid by referral or lender marketing, so the ranking may favor participating products and exclude others. Treat it as a lead source, ask which lenders are not included, and verify any offer with a dated written quotation over your holding period."],"ja":["価格.comの住宅ローン欄は広告金利と各社申込へのリンクを集約し、最初のふるいに便利です。他の比較サービス同様、紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つため借り手には無料で、順位は参加商品を優先し他を除外し得ます。見込みの入口と捉え、どの金融機関が含まれないかを尋ね、保有期間で日付入り見積りにより提示を確認しましょう。"]}},{"id":"conflicts","heading":{"en":"Fees and conflicts to check","ja":"確認すべき手数料と利益相反"},"body":{"en":["Its rankings may favor participating lenders; ask which are excluded and verify any offer with a dated quotation."],"ja":["順位は参加金融機関を優先し得ます。除外を尋ね、提示を日付入り見積りで確認しましょう。"]}},{"id":"what-to-verify","heading":{"en":"What to verify before you rely on it","ja":"頼る前に確認すること"},"body":{"en":["In short: Aggregates advertised rates and application links; Free to the borrower; paid by referral or lender marketing; Rankings may favor participating products; Use as a lead source, then verify with a dated quotation.","Whatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal."],"ja":["要点：広告金利と申込リンクを集約する。借り手には無料で紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つ。順位は参加商品を優先し得る。見込みの入口として使い、日付入り見積りで確認する。","どの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers choosing a service provider","Anyone checking a provider’s incentives"],"ja":["サービス提供者を選ぶ買い手","提供者の動機を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["An endorsement of any specific company"],"ja":["特定企業の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Its rankings may favor participating lenders; ask which are excluded and verify any offer with a dated quotation."],"ja":["順位は参加金融機関を優先し得ます。除外を尋ね、提示を日付入り見積りで確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-comparison-services","compare-mortgage-lenders","mogecheck-profile"]},{"slug":"mogecheck-profile","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mogecheck","ja":"モゲチェック"},"summary":{"en":"A mortgage comparison and diagnosis service: model, application support, and exclusions.","ja":"住宅ローンの比較・診断サービス：モデル・申込支援・除外。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Mogecheck offers mortgage comparison and a diagnosis of likely rates and refinancing savings; it is free to the borrower and monetized through referral, so confirm which lenders are covered and verify offers directly.","ja":"モゲチェックは住宅ローンの比較と、見込み金利や借換の節約の診断を提供します。借り手には無料で紹介で収益化するため、どの金融機関が対象かを確認し、提示を直接検証しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Offers comparison plus a rate/refinancing diagnosis.","Free to the borrower; monetized through referral.","Confirm which lenders are covered and which are excluded.","Verify any indicated rate directly with a dated quotation."],"ja":["比較に加え金利/借換の診断を提供する。","借り手には無料で紹介で収益化する。","どの金融機関が対象・除外かを確認する。","示された金利を日付入り見積りで直接検証する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"overview","heading":{"en":"Overview","ja":"概要"},"body":{"en":["Mogecheck provides mortgage comparison and a diagnosis of the rates you might obtain and the savings from refinancing, which many borrowers find helpful for orientation. It is free to the borrower and monetized through referral arrangements, so the set of lenders it covers, and any ranking, can reflect those relationships. Confirm which lenders are and are not covered, and treat any indicated rate as a starting point to verify directly."],"ja":["モゲチェックは住宅ローンの比較と、得られ得る金利や借換の節約の診断を提供し、多くの借り手が方向づけに役立つと感じます。借り手には無料で紹介の取り決めで収益化するため、対象とする金融機関の範囲や順位はその関係を反映し得ます。どの金融機関が対象・非対象かを確認し、示された金利を直接検証する出発点と捉えましょう。"]}},{"id":"conflicts","heading":{"en":"Fees and conflicts to check","ja":"確認すべき手数料と利益相反"},"body":{"en":["The lenders it covers and its ranking can reflect referral relationships; confirm coverage and verify any indicated rate directly."],"ja":["対象の金融機関や順位は紹介関係を反映し得ます。対象を確認し、示された金利を直接検証しましょう。"]}},{"id":"what-to-verify","heading":{"en":"What to verify before you rely on it","ja":"頼る前に確認すること"},"body":{"en":["In short: Offers comparison plus a rate/refinancing diagnosis; Free to the borrower; monetized through referral; Confirm which lenders are covered and which are excluded; Verify any indicated rate directly with a dated quotation.","Whatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal."],"ja":["要点：比較に加え金利/借換の診断を提供する。借り手には無料で紹介で収益化する。どの金融機関が対象・除外かを確認する。示された金利を日付入り見積りで直接検証する。","どの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers choosing a service provider","Anyone checking a provider’s incentives"],"ja":["サービス提供者を選ぶ買い手","提供者の動機を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["An endorsement of any specific company"],"ja":["特定企業の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["The lenders it covers and its ranking can reflect referral relationships; confirm coverage and verify any indicated rate directly."],"ja":["対象の金融機関や順位は紹介関係を反映し得ます。対象を確認し、示された金利を直接検証しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-comparison-services","mortgage-refinancing","kakaku-mortgage-profile"]},{"slug":"mitsui-rehouse-profile","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mitsui Rehouse","ja":"三井のリハウス"},"summary":{"en":"A major brokerage: coverage, buyer/seller service, fees, and representation.","ja":"大手仲介：対応・買主/売主対応・手数料・代理関係。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Mitsui Rehouse is a major nationwide brokerage handling buyer and seller sides; it is commission-based, and the listing broker may represent or depend on the seller — ask who is represented and verify the fee against the statutory maximum.","ja":"三井のリハウスは、買主・売主の双方を扱う大手全国仲介です。手数料制で、掲載側は売主を代理または依存し得ます。誰を代理するか尋ね、手数料を法定上限と照合しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A major nationwide brokerage for buyer and seller sides.","Commission-based, subject to the statutory maximum.","The listing broker may represent or depend on the seller.","Verify the license and ask about dual agency."],"ja":["買主・売主の双方を扱う大手全国仲介。","手数料制で法定上限の対象。","掲載側は売主を代理または依存し得る。","免許を確認し両手仲介を尋ねる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"overview","heading":{"en":"Overview","ja":"概要"},"body":{"en":["Mitsui Rehouse is one of Japan’s largest brokerages, operating nationwide and handling both buyer and seller sides of transactions. It is commission-based, subject to the statutory maximum, and — as with any brokerage — the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller. A strong brand and wide inventory are genuine advantages, but they do not remove the need to ask who is represented, whether dual agency exists, and to verify the fee."],"ja":["三井のリハウスは日本最大級の仲介の一つで、全国で営業し取引の買主・売主の双方を扱います。手数料制で法定上限の対象で、どの仲介とも同様、掲載側は売主を代理または経済的に依存し得ます。強いブランドと広い在庫は本物の利点ですが、誰を代理するか・両手仲介があるかを尋ね、手数料を確認する必要をなくすものではありません。"]}},{"id":"conflicts","heading":{"en":"Fees and conflicts to check","ja":"確認すべき手数料と利益相反"},"body":{"en":["A strong brand does not remove the seller-side conflict; ask who is represented and verify the fee against the statutory maximum."],"ja":["強いブランドでも売主側の利益相反は消えません。誰を代理するか尋ね、手数料を法定上限と照合しましょう。"]}},{"id":"what-to-verify","heading":{"en":"What to verify before you rely on it","ja":"頼る前に確認すること"},"body":{"en":["In short: A major nationwide brokerage for buyer and seller sides; Commission-based, subject to the statutory maximum; The listing broker may represent or depend on the seller; Verify the license and ask about dual agency.","Whatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal."],"ja":["要点：買主・売主の双方を扱う大手全国仲介。手数料制で法定上限の対象。掲載側は売主を代理または依存し得る。免許を確認し両手仲介を尋ねる。","どの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers choosing a service provider","Anyone checking a provider’s incentives"],"ja":["サービス提供者を選ぶ買い手","提供者の動機を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["An endorsement of any specific company"],"ja":["特定企業の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["A strong brand does not remove the seller-side conflict; ask who is represented and verify the fee against the statutory maximum."],"ja":["強いブランドでも売主側の利益相反は消えません。誰を代理するか尋ね、手数料を法定上限と照合しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["real-estate-brokerages","real-estate-agents-japan","real-estate-brokerage-fees"]},{"slug":"plaza-homes-profile","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"PLAZA HOMES","ja":"プラザホームズ"},"summary":{"en":"A foreign-friendly agency: language, coverage, services, and what to verify.","ja":"外国人対応の会社：言語・対応地域・サービス・確認事項。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"PLAZA HOMES is a Tokyo-focused agency known for English service to foreign residents across rentals, sales, and management; confirm in each transaction whether it acts as your broker and how it is compensated.","ja":"プラザホームズは、賃貸・売買・管理にわたり外国人居住者への英語サービスで知られる東京中心の会社です。各取引で、あなたの仲介として動くか、どう報酬を得るかを確認しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Tokyo-focused, with English service across rentals, sales, and management.","A broker and manager — confirm its role in your transaction.","English support is a genuine strength for foreign residents.","Confirm the fee and whether the advice is independent."],"ja":["東京中心で、賃貸・売買・管理にわたり英語サービス。","仲介であり管理会社。取引での役割を確認する。","外国人居住者には英語対応が本物の強み。","手数料と助言の独立性を確認する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"overview","heading":{"en":"Overview","ja":"概要"},"body":{"en":["PLAZA HOMES is a Tokyo-focused agency well known for English-language service to foreign residents across rentals, sales, and property management. For an English-preferring buyer that support is a real advantage. As with any agency, confirm its role in your specific transaction — whether it is acting as your broker, the seller’s, or both — how it is compensated, and whether the advice is independent, because \"English service\" and \"independent buyer representation\" are not the same thing."],"ja":["プラザホームズは、賃貸・売買・不動産管理にわたり外国人居住者への英語サービスでよく知られる東京中心の会社です。英語を好む買い手にはその支援が本物の利点です。どの会社とも同様、具体的な取引での役割(あなたの仲介か、売主か、双方か)、報酬の受け方、助言の独立性を確認しましょう。「英語サービス」と「独立した買主代理」は別物だからです。"]}},{"id":"conflicts","heading":{"en":"Fees and conflicts to check","ja":"確認すべき手数料と利益相反"},"body":{"en":["English service is not the same as independent buyer representation; confirm the agency’s role, fee, and independence in each transaction."],"ja":["英語サービスは独立した買主代理と同じではありません。各取引で会社の役割・手数料・独立性を確認しましょう。"]}},{"id":"what-to-verify","heading":{"en":"What to verify before you rely on it","ja":"頼る前に確認すること"},"body":{"en":["In short: Tokyo-focused, with English service across rentals, sales, and management; A broker and manager — confirm its role in your transaction; English support is a genuine strength for foreign residents; Confirm the fee and whether the advice is independent.","Whatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal."],"ja":["要点：東京中心で、賃貸・売買・管理にわたり英語サービス。仲介であり管理会社。取引での役割を確認する。外国人居住者には英語対応が本物の強み。手数料と助言の独立性を確認する。","どの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers choosing a service provider","Anyone checking a provider’s incentives"],"ja":["サービス提供者を選ぶ買い手","提供者の動機を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["An endorsement of any specific company"],"ja":["特定企業の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["English service is not the same as independent buyer representation; confirm the agency’s role, fee, and independence in each transaction."],"ja":["英語サービスは独立した買主代理と同じではありません。各取引で会社の役割・手数料・独立性を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["foreign-friendly-real-estate","foreigners-buying-property","buyers-agents"]},{"slug":"mortgage-rates","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Current Japanese mortgage rates","ja":"日本の住宅ローン金利の現状"},"summary":{"en":"Advertised rates, effective month, qualifications, announced changes, and sources.","ja":"広告金利・実行月・条件・告知された変更・出典。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"As of August 1, 2026 the BoJ guideline was around 1.0%, leading variable rates were roughly 0.945–1.025% (with pre-announced increases), and standard Flat 35 was about 3.29% for 21–35 years — all advertised, execution-month figures, not guaranteed offers.","ja":"2026年8月1日時点で、日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%、主要な変動金利は概ね0.945〜1.025%(上昇が予告済み)、標準フラット35は21〜35年で約3.29%でした。いずれも広告の実行月の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["BoJ guideline ~1.0%; overnight call rate ~0.977% at end-July 2026.","Leading variable rates ~0.945–1.025%; Mizuho pre-announced 1.275%+ from January 2027.","Standard Flat 35 ~3.29% for 21–35 years (official JHF page still showed July on Aug 1).","All figures are advertised execution-month rates verified Aug 1, 2026 — confirm the current rate."],"ja":["日銀目標約1.0%、無担保コール翌日物は2026年7月末で約0.977%。","主要変動は約0.945〜1.025%、みずほは2027年1月から1.275%以上を予告。","標準フラット35は21〜35年で約3.29%(JHF公式は8月1日時点でなお7月表示)。","すべて2026年8月1日確認の広告実行月金利。現行金利を確認すること。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-snapshot","heading":{"en":"The August 2026 snapshot","ja":"2026年8月のスナップショット"},"body":{"en":["As of August 1, 2026, Japan had left the near-zero era: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% after its June 2026 decision, and the average uncollateralized overnight call rate was roughly 0.977% at the end of July. Leading advertised variable rates were about 0.945% (MUFG main page), 0.984% (au Jibun Bank at ≤80% LTV after maximum discount), and 1.025% (Mizuho new variable), while standard Flat 35 was about 3.29% for 21–35 years at providers, with the official JHF page still showing July’s 3.14% on August 1."],"ja":["2026年8月1日時点で、日本はゼロ金利期を脱していました。日銀の誘導目標は6月の決定後で約1.0%、無担保コール翌日物の平均は7月末で約0.977%でした。主要な広告変動金利は約0.945%(MUFG主ページ)、0.984%(au Jibun BankがLTV80%以下・最大割引後)、1.025%(みずほ新規変動)で、標準フラット35は各社で21〜35年約3.29%、JHF公式ページは8月1日時点でなお7月の3.14%を表示していました。"]}},{"id":"read-with-care","heading":{"en":"Read these rates with care","ja":"これらの金利は注意して読む"},"body":{"en":["These are advertised, execution-month figures — not guaranteed offers. A low variable rate may require ≤80% LTV, assume the maximum discount, depend on service conditions, or be replaced by a higher risk-priced rate after underwriting. Several lenders pre-announced increases: Mizuho warned of 1.275% or more from January 2027, Resona announced October 2026 prime-rate changes affecting repayments from January 2027, and PayPay Bank’s long-term surcharge rises from September 2026. Model the announced future payment, and confirm the current rate in a dated quotation at application and execution.","Key points to carry away: BoJ guideline ~1.0%; overnight call rate ~0.977% at end-July 2026; Leading variable rates ~0.945–1.025%; Mizuho pre-announced 1.275%+ from January 2027; Standard Flat 35 ~3.29% for 21–35 years (official JHF page still showed July on Aug 1); All figures are advertised execution-month rates verified Aug 1, 2026 — confirm the current rate. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["これらは広告の実行月の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。低い変動金利はLTV80%以下を要し、最大割引を前提とし、サービス条件に依存し、審査後により高いリスク価格に置き換わり得ます。複数の貸し手が上昇を予告しました。みずほは2027年1月以降1.275%以上を警告、りそなは2026年10月のプライムレート変更(2027年1月以降の返済に影響)を告知、PayPay銀行の長期上乗せは2026年9月から上がります。告知された将来の返済額を試算し、申込時と実行時に日付入り見積りで現行金利を確認しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：日銀目標約1.0%、無担保コール翌日物は2026年7月末で約0.977%。主要変動は約0.945〜1.025%、みずほは2027年1月から1.275%以上を予告。標準フラット35は21〜35年で約3.29%(JHF公式は8月1日時点でなお7月表示)。すべて2026年8月1日確認の広告実行月金利。現行金利を確認すること。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers checking the rate environment","Anyone comparing lenders"],"ja":["金利環境を確認する借り手","金融機関を比較する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A live rate feed or a guaranteed offer"],"ja":["リアルタイム配信や確定した提示"]},"warnings":{"en":["These rates were verified August 1, 2026 and change monthly; confirm the current rate at application and execution."],"ja":["これらは2026年8月1日確認で毎月変わります。申込時と実行時に現行金利を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-cheapest-mortgage","loan-rate-rise","loan-compare-fairly"],"sources":["boj-policy","boj-call-rate","jhf-flat35-rates","mizuho-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":["flat-35"],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-rate-history","compare-mortgage-lenders","mortgage-advertising-rates","interest-rates"]},{"slug":"compare-mortgage-lenders","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Compare mortgage lenders in Japan","ja":"日本の住宅ローンを比較する"},"summary":{"en":"Provider, rate, term, amount, LTV, fees, PR requirements, English support, and verified date.","ja":"提供者・金利・期間・金額・LTV・手数料・永住要件・英語対応・確認日。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Compare lenders on the same execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period — provider, advertised rate, amount and term limits, fees, PR/residence rules, and English support — then verify the actual offer with a dated written quotation.","ja":"同じ実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間で比較します。提供者・広告金利・金額と期間の上限・手数料・永住/在留の規則・英語対応。そのうえで実際の提示を日付入り書面見積りで確認します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Compare provider, rate, term, amount, LTV, fees, PR rules, and English support.","Hold the execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period constant.","Online banks lead on rate; branch and specialist lenders serve complex or non-PR cases.","Verify the actual offer with a dated written quotation over your holding period."],"ja":["提供者・金利・期間・金額・LTV・手数料・永住規則・英語対応を比較する。","実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間を固定する。","ネット銀行は金利で先行、店舗・専門は複雑案件や非永住に対応する。","実際の提示を保有期間で日付入り書面見積りにより確認する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-to-compare","heading":{"en":"What to compare","ja":"比較する項目"},"body":{"en":["A fair lender comparison holds the variables constant — the same execution date, LTV band, term, insurance, and expected holding period — and compares provider, advertised rate, minimum and maximum amount and term, LTV surcharges, the fee schedule (origination, guarantee, appraisal, registration, early repayment), PR/residence rules, English support, and the verified date. Online banks (au Jibun Bank, Sumishin SBI, PayPay) tend to lead on rate for standard salaried files; megabanks (MUFG, Mizuho, Resona) add branch service and exception handling; and PRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, and Suruga serve foreign-resident and non-PR cases."],"ja":["公平な比較は、変数を固定(同じ実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間)し、提供者・広告金利・最低と最高の金額と期間・LTV上乗せ・手数料表(事務・保証・鑑定・登記・繰上返済)・永住/在留の規則・英語対応・確認日を比較します。ネット銀行(au Jibun Bank・住信SBI・PayPay)は標準的な給与案件で金利が先行しがちで、メガバンク(MUFG・みずほ・りそな)は店舗対応と例外処理を加え、プレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガは外国人・非永住の案件に対応します。"]}},{"id":"shortlist","heading":{"en":"Build a shortlist, not a national ranking","ja":"全国ランキングでなく候補リストを作る"},"body":{"en":["A nationwide \"best lender\" ranking is less useful than a screened shortlist based on your residence status, income type, and the property, because regional institutions have geographic and membership rules and each lender’s pricing depends on the borrower and property. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route (Flat 35 or a foreign-resident lender), then obtain dated quotations and compare the all-in internal cost over your holding period — a 2.20% fee on ¥50 million is ¥1.10 million, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short hold.","Key points to carry away: Compare provider, rate, term, amount, LTV, fees, PR rules, and English support; Hold the execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period constant; Online banks lead on rate; branch and specialist lenders serve complex or non-PR cases; Verify the actual offer with a dated written quotation over your holding period. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["全国の「ベスト」ランキングより、在留資格・収入形態・物件で絞った候補リストのほうが有効です。地域機関には地理・会員の規則があり、各社の価格は借り手と物件に依存するためです。メガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルート(フラット35や外国人向け)を網羅し、日付入り見積りを取り、保有期間での総内部コストを比較します。5,000万円への2.20%手数料は110万円で、短期保有ではわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。","押さえておきたい要点：提供者・金利・期間・金額・LTV・手数料・永住規則・英語対応を比較する。実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間を固定する。ネット銀行は金利で先行、店舗・専門は複雑案件や非永住に対応する。実際の提示を保有期間で日付入り書面見積りにより確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Borrowers building a lender shortlist","Anyone comparing across lender types"],"ja":["候補リストを作る借り手","種類をまたいで比較する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A single \"best lender\" recommendation"],"ja":["単一の「ベスト」推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Advertised rates are execution-month figures, not guaranteed offers; verify with a dated written quotation."],"ja":["広告金利は実行月の数値で確定した提示ではありません。日付入り書面見積りで確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-compare-fairly","loan-how-many-lenders","loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","mufg-mortgage","jibun-mortgage","prestia-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":["flat-35"],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-lenders","mortgage-rates","compare-mortgages-methodology","foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders"]},{"slug":"mortgage-calculator","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mortgage repayment calculator","ja":"住宅ローン返済計算ツール"},"summary":{"en":"Amount, rate, term, and repayment method to monthly payment, interest, and amortization.","ja":"金額・金利・期間・返済方法から、毎月の返済・利息・償却へ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Enter the loan amount, rate, term, and repayment method to see the monthly payment, total interest, and amortization — then re-run at higher rates to see how sensitive the payment is.","ja":"金額・金利・期間・返済方法を入力すると、毎月の返済・総利息・償却が出ます。高い金利でも再計算し、返済額の感応度を確認しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Shows monthly payment, total interest, and the amortization schedule.","Compares level payment and level principal.","A one- or two-point rate difference is large over 35 years.","Excludes fees, insurance, and taxes — add those separately."],"ja":["毎月の返済・総利息・償却表を示す。","元利均等と元金均等を比較する。","1〜2%の金利差も35年では大きい。","手数料・保険・税は除く。別途加える。"]},"sections":[{"id":"inputs-outputs","heading":{"en":"Inputs and outputs","ja":"入力と出力"},"body":{"en":["Inputs: loan amount, nominal annual rate, term (years), and repayment method (level payment or level principal).","Outputs: monthly payment, total interest over the term, and the amortization schedule showing the interest/principal split each period."],"ja":["入力：借入額・名目年率・期間(年)・返済方法(元利均等か元金均等)。","出力：毎月の返済・期間の総利息・各期の利息/元金の内訳を示す償却表。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use","heading":{"en":"How to interpret the result","ja":"結果の読み方"},"body":{"en":["The calculator shows the loan cost only; add fees, insurance, and taxes for the true cost, and always re-run at +1, +2, and +3 points if the rate is variable."],"ja":["計算ツールはローンのコストのみを示します。真のコストには手数料・保険・税を加え、変動なら＋1・＋2・＋3%で必ず再計算しましょう。"]}},{"id":"what-it-shows","heading":{"en":"What the tool shows — and what it doesn’t","ja":"ツールが示すこと・示さないこと"},"body":{"en":["In short: Shows monthly payment, total interest, and the amortization schedule; Compares level payment and level principal; A one- or two-point rate difference is large over 35 years; Excludes fees, insurance, and taxes — add those separately.","A calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","Key points to carry away: Shows monthly payment, total interest, and the amortization schedule; Compares level payment and level principal; A one- or two-point rate difference is large over 35 years; Excludes fees, insurance, and taxes — add those separately. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["要点：毎月の返済・総利息・償却表を示す。元利均等と元金均等を比較する。1〜2%の金利差も35年では大きい。手数料・保険・税は除く。別途加える。","計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：毎月の返済・総利息・償却表を示す。元利均等と元金均等を比較する。1〜2%の金利差も35年では大きい。手数料・保険・税は除く。別途加える。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers and borrowers modeling a decision","Anyone stress-testing affordability"],"ja":["判断を試算する買い手・借り手","返済能力をストレステストする人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A guaranteed quote or approval"],"ja":["確定した見積り・承認"]},"warnings":{"en":["The calculator shows the loan cost only; add fees, insurance, and taxes for the true cost, and always re-run at +1, +2, and +3 points if the rate is variable."],"ja":["計算ツールはローンのコストのみを示します。真のコストには手数料・保険・税を加え、変動なら＋1・＋2・＋3%で必ず再計算しましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-what-amortization","loan-level-principal-interest"],"sources":["jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-amortization","repayment-method-comparison","mortgage-affordability-calculator"]},{"slug":"mortgage-affordability-calculator","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mortgage affordability calculator","ja":"住宅ローン返済能力計算ツール"},"summary":{"en":"Income, debts, expenses, taxes, reserves, and rate stress to a prudent property range.","ja":"収入・債務・支出・税・備え・金利ストレスから、堅実な物件価格帯へ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Enter income, debts, expenses, and reserves to see your total housing outflow, debt-service ratio, and a prudent property range — with the payment stressed at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points.","ja":"収入・債務・支出・備えを入力すると、住居費総額・返済負担率・堅実な物件価格帯が出ます。返済額は提示金利＋1・2・3%でストレスをかけます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Shows total housing outflow, debt-service ratio, and a prudent range.","Stresses the payment at +1, +2, and +3 points.","Flags if stressed housing costs exceed ~35% of net income.","The lender’s maximum is not a household recommendation."],"ja":["住居費総額・返済負担率・堅実な価格帯を示す。","返済額を＋1・＋2・＋3%でストレスをかける。","ストレス下の住居費が手取りの約35%を超えると警告する。","銀行の上限は家計への推奨ではない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"inputs-outputs","heading":{"en":"Inputs and outputs","ja":"入力と出力"},"body":{"en":["Inputs: gross and net income, stable bonus, household size, other debt payments, loan amount, rate, term, tax, management/reserve/insurance/parking fees, maintenance reserve, retirement age, and expected income reduction.","Outputs: monthly payment, total housing outflow, total debt-service ratio, housing-to-net-income ratio, balance at retirement, total interest, and a minimum emergency fund."],"ja":["入力：総収入と手取り・安定賞与・世帯人数・他の返済・借入額・金利・期間・税・管理費/積立金/保険/駐車場・維持積立・退職年齢・想定される収入減。","出力：毎月の返済・住居費総額・総返済負担率・手取りに対する住居費比率・退職時残高・総利息・最低緊急資金。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use","heading":{"en":"How to interpret the result","ja":"結果の読み方"},"body":{"en":["A loan you can afford only at the initial rate is not affordable; the tool flags stressed costs above a prudent share of net income and a mortgage extending past your working income."],"ja":["当初金利でしか返済できないローンは負担可能ではありません。手取りの堅実な割合を超えるストレス費用や、稼働所得を超えて続くローンを警告します。"]}},{"id":"what-it-shows","heading":{"en":"What the tool shows — and what it doesn’t","ja":"ツールが示すこと・示さないこと"},"body":{"en":["In short: Shows total housing outflow, debt-service ratio, and a prudent range; Stresses the payment at +1, +2, and +3 points; Flags if stressed housing costs exceed ~35% of net income; The lender’s maximum is not a household recommendation.","A calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit."],"ja":["要点：住居費総額・返済負担率・堅実な価格帯を示す。返済額を＋1・＋2・＋3%でストレスをかける。ストレス下の住居費が手取りの約35%を超えると警告する。銀行の上限は家計への推奨ではない。","計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers and borrowers modeling a decision","Anyone stress-testing affordability"],"ja":["判断を試算する買い手・借り手","返済能力をストレステストする人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A guaranteed quote or approval"],"ja":["確定した見積り・承認"]},"warnings":{"en":["A loan you can afford only at the initial rate is not affordable; the tool flags stressed costs above a prudent share of net income and a mortgage extending past your working income."],"ja":["当初金利でしか返済できないローンは負担可能ではありません。手取りの堅実な割合を超えるストレス費用や、稼働所得を超えて続くローンを警告します。"]},"faqs":["loan-borrow-maximum","loan-what-dti"],"sources":["jhf-repayment-ratio"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-budget","debt-to-income-japan","mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},{"slug":"property-purchase-cost","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Total property-purchase cost calculator","ja":"購入総費用の計算ツール"},"summary":{"en":"Price, down payment, fees, registration, tax, insurance, and moving to total cash required.","ja":"価格・頭金・手数料・登記・税・保険・引越から、必要現金の総額へ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Enter the price, down payment, and cost assumptions to see the contract cash, closing cash, later tax cash, total cash required, and remaining liquidity — so you plan for far more than the down payment.","ja":"価格・頭金・費用の前提を入力すると、契約時の現金・決済時の現金・後の税の現金・必要現金の総額・残る流動性が出ます。頭金よりはるかに多くを計画できます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Splits cash into contract, closing, and later-tax stages.","Includes brokerage, mortgage fee, registration, tax, insurance, and moving.","Shows total cash required and remaining liquidity.","Reminds you closing costs run ~6–10% of the price."],"ja":["現金を契約・決済・後の税の段階に分ける。","仲介・ローン手数料・登記・税・保険・引越を含む。","必要現金の総額と残る流動性を示す。","諸費用は価格の約6〜10%であることを示す。"]},"sections":[{"id":"inputs-outputs","heading":{"en":"Inputs and outputs","ja":"入力と出力"},"body":{"en":["Inputs: property price, new/used, seller/developer/broker, down payment, loan, fee model, assessed land and building values, location, registration relief, inspection, insurance, renovation, moving, furniture, and acquisition tax.","Outputs: contract cash, closing cash, later tax cash, total cash required, remaining liquidity, and all-in acquisition basis."],"ja":["入力：価格・新築/中古・売主/デベロッパー/仲介・頭金・融資・手数料モデル・土地建物の評価額・立地・登記の軽減・検査・保険・リフォーム・引越・家具・取得税。","出力：契約時の現金・決済時の現金・後の税の現金・必要現金の総額・残る流動性・取得の総原価。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use","heading":{"en":"How to interpret the result","ja":"結果の読み方"},"body":{"en":["Do not use all your savings for the down payment; the tool shows the 6–10% closing costs and later acquisition tax you must reserve on top of it."],"ja":["貯金をすべて頭金に使わないこと。頭金に加えて確保すべき6〜10%の諸費用と後の取得税を示します。"]}},{"id":"what-it-shows","heading":{"en":"What the tool shows — and what it doesn’t","ja":"ツールが示すこと・示さないこと"},"body":{"en":["In short: Splits cash into contract, closing, and later-tax stages; Includes brokerage, mortgage fee, registration, tax, insurance, and moving; Shows total cash required and remaining liquidity; Reminds you closing costs run ~6–10% of the price.","A calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit."],"ja":["要点：現金を契約・決済・後の税の段階に分ける。仲介・ローン手数料・登記・税・保険・引越を含む。必要現金の総額と残る流動性を示す。諸費用は価格の約6〜10%であることを示す。","計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers and borrowers modeling a decision","Anyone stress-testing affordability"],"ja":["判断を試算する買い手・借り手","返済能力をストレステストする人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A guaranteed quote or approval"],"ja":["確定した見積り・承認"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not use all your savings for the down payment; the tool shows the 6–10% closing costs and later acquisition tax you must reserve on top of it."],"ja":["貯金をすべて頭金に使わないこと。頭金に加えて確保すべき6〜10%の諸費用と後の取得税を示します。"]},"faqs":["loan-cash-beyond-price","loan-fees-outside-price"],"sources":["tokyo-acquisition-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["cash-needed-to-buy-property","property-closing-costs","down-payment-comparison"]},{"slug":"fixed-vs-variable-calculator","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Fixed vs variable mortgage calculator","ja":"固定・変動シミュレーター"},"summary":{"en":"Initial rates, reset paths, term, and balance to cumulative cost under rate scenarios.","ja":"当初金利・見直しの経路・期間・残高から、金利シナリオ別の累積コストへ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Model each structure under stable, gradual, faster, reversal, and severe rate paths to see the monthly payment, balance, and cumulative interest — so you choose variable only if you survive the stress paths.","ja":"安定・緩やか・速い・反転・急激の各金利経路で両構造をモデル化し、毎月の返済・残高・累積利息を見ます。ストレス経路に耐えられる場合のみ変動を選べます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Compares fixed and variable under five rate scenarios.","Shows monthly payment, balance, and cumulative interest for each.","Models the contract’s payment-reset and unpaid-interest rules.","Choose variable only if you survive the +2 to +3 point paths."],"ja":["5つの金利シナリオで固定と変動を比較する。","各々の毎月の返済・残高・累積利息を示す。","契約の返済見直しと未払利息のルールをモデル化する。","＋2〜＋3%の経路に耐えられる場合のみ変動を選ぶ。"]},"sections":[{"id":"inputs-outputs","heading":{"en":"Inputs and outputs","ja":"入力と出力"},"body":{"en":["Inputs: fixed and variable initial rates, term, balance, and a rate path — stable (no change), gradual (+0.25/12mo for four years), faster (+0.50/year for four years), reversal (+1.50 then partial decline), or severe (+2 immediately, later +1).","Outputs: for each structure and path, the monthly payment, balance, and cumulative interest, modeling the actual contract’s reset rules and any unpaid-interest treatment."],"ja":["入力：固定・変動の当初金利・期間・残高・金利経路(安定=変化なし、緩やか=4年間12か月ごと＋0.25、速い=4年間毎年＋0.50、反転=＋1.50後に一部低下、急激=即時＋2・後に＋1)。","出力：各構造・各経路について、毎月の返済・残高・累積利息。実際の契約の見直しルールと未払利息の扱いをモデル化。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use","heading":{"en":"How to interpret the result","ja":"結果の読み方"},"body":{"en":["The calculator is only as good as the rate paths you test; a household that fails the +2 to +3 point paths should not choose variable."],"ja":["計算ツールは試す金利経路次第です。＋2〜＋3%の経路で破綻する家計は変動を選ぶべきではありません。"]}},{"id":"what-it-shows","heading":{"en":"What the tool shows — and what it doesn’t","ja":"ツールが示すこと・示さないこと"},"body":{"en":["In short: Compares fixed and variable under five rate scenarios; Shows monthly payment, balance, and cumulative interest for each; Models the contract’s payment-reset and unpaid-interest rules; Choose variable only if you survive the +2 to +3 point paths.","A calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit."],"ja":["要点：5つの金利シナリオで固定と変動を比較する。各々の毎月の返済・残高・累積利息を示す。契約の返済見直しと未払利息のルールをモデル化する。＋2〜＋3%の経路に耐えられる場合のみ変動を選ぶ。","計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers and borrowers modeling a decision","Anyone stress-testing affordability"],"ja":["判断を試算する買い手・借り手","返済能力をストレステストする人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A guaranteed quote or approval"],"ja":["確定した見積り・承認"]},"warnings":{"en":["The calculator is only as good as the rate paths you test; a household that fails the +2 to +3 point paths should not choose variable."],"ja":["計算ツールは試す金利経路次第です。＋2〜＋3%の経路で破綻する家計は変動を選ぶべきではありません。"]},"faqs":["loan-fixed-vs-floating","loan-variable-risky"],"sources":["boj-policy"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","fixed-variable-interest-explained","mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},{"slug":"mortgage-rate-stress-test","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Interest-rate stress test","ja":"金利ストレステスト"},"summary":{"en":"Current rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points to the payment and household surplus.","ja":"現行金利＋1・2・3%から、返済額と家計の余剰へ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Enter your rate and household budget to see the payment at the current rate and at +1, +2, and +3 points, and whether a surplus remains at each — the core test for whether a variable loan is safe.","ja":"金利と家計を入力すると、現行金利と＋1・＋2・＋3%での返済額と、各水準で余剰が残るかが出ます。変動ローンが安全かの中核の試験です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Shows the payment at the current rate and at +1, +2, and +3 points.","Shows whether a household surplus remains at each stressed rate.","The core test for variable-rate affordability.","If a stressed rate wipes out the surplus, the loan is too large."],"ja":["現行金利と＋1・＋2・＋3%での返済額を示す。","各ストレス金利で家計の余剰が残るかを示す。","変動金利の返済能力の中核の試験。","ストレス金利で余剰が消えるならローンが大きすぎる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"inputs-outputs","heading":{"en":"Inputs and outputs","ja":"入力と出力"},"body":{"en":["Inputs: current rate, loan amount and term, and household income and expenses.","Outputs: the monthly payment and remaining household surplus at the current rate and at +1, +2, and +3 points."],"ja":["入力：現行金利・借入額と期間・家計の収入と支出。","出力：現行金利と＋1・＋2・＋3%での毎月の返済と、残る家計の余剰。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use","heading":{"en":"How to interpret the result","ja":"結果の読み方"},"body":{"en":["If the +2 to +3 point payment eliminates your surplus or forces a sale, the loan is too large for a variable structure — reduce it or choose fixed."],"ja":["＋2〜＋3%の返済が余剰を消すか売却を迫るなら、そのローンは変動には大きすぎます。減らすか固定を選びましょう。"]}},{"id":"what-it-shows","heading":{"en":"What the tool shows — and what it doesn’t","ja":"ツールが示すこと・示さないこと"},"body":{"en":["In short: Shows the payment at the current rate and at +1, +2, and +3 points; Shows whether a household surplus remains at each stressed rate; The core test for variable-rate affordability; If a stressed rate wipes out the surplus, the loan is too large.","A calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit."],"ja":["要点：現行金利と＋1・＋2・＋3%での返済額を示す。各ストレス金利で家計の余剰が残るかを示す。変動金利の返済能力の中核の試験。ストレス金利で余剰が消えるならローンが大きすぎる。","計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers and borrowers modeling a decision","Anyone stress-testing affordability"],"ja":["判断を試算する買い手・借り手","返済能力をストレステストする人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A guaranteed quote or approval"],"ja":["確定した見積り・承認"]},"warnings":{"en":["If the +2 to +3 point payment eliminates your surplus or forces a sale, the loan is too large for a variable structure — reduce it or choose fixed."],"ja":["＋2〜＋3%の返済が余剰を消すか売却を迫るなら、そのローンは変動には大きすぎます。減らすか固定を選びましょう。"]},"faqs":["loan-variable-risky","loan-rate-rise"],"sources":["boj-policy"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","variable-rate-mortgages","mortgage-affordability-calculator"]},{"slug":"early-mortgage-repayment","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Early-repayment calculator","ja":"繰上返済の計算ツール"},"summary":{"en":"Extra payment, term vs payment reduction, interest saved, and liquidity sacrificed.","ja":"追加返済・期間短縮と返済額軽減・節約利息・失う流動性。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Enter an extra payment to see the interest saved and term shortened under term-reduction versus payment-reduction, alongside the liquidity you sacrifice and the break-even return.","ja":"追加返済を入力すると、期間短縮と返済額軽減それぞれの節約利息と短縮期間、失う流動性と損益分岐のリターンが出ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Compares term reduction and payment reduction.","Shows interest saved, term shortened, and liquidity sacrificed.","Considers the mortgage-tax deduction you may forgo.","Term reduction usually saves more interest, all else equal."],"ja":["期間短縮と返済額軽減を比較する。","節約利息・短縮期間・失う流動性を示す。","失い得る住宅ローン控除を考慮する。","他条件が同じなら通常は期間短縮が利息を多く節約する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"inputs-outputs","heading":{"en":"Inputs and outputs","ja":"入力と出力"},"body":{"en":["Inputs: current balance, rate, remaining term, extra payment, fee, method (term or payment reduction), emergency-fund yield, and mortgage-tax deduction.","Outputs: interest saved, term shortened, liquidity sacrificed, and the break-even return your cash would need to beat the prepayment."],"ja":["入力：現在残高・金利・残存期間・追加返済・手数料・方法(期間短縮か返済額軽減)・緊急資金の利回り・住宅ローン控除。","出力：節約利息・短縮期間・失う流動性・繰上返済に勝つために現金が必要な損益分岐リターン。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use","heading":{"en":"How to interpret the result","ja":"結果の読み方"},"body":{"en":["Preserve emergency liquidity before prepaying; the tool shows the deduction you may lose and the return your cash would need to make prepayment the wrong choice."],"ja":["繰上返済の前に緊急資金を残しましょう。失い得る控除と、繰上返済が不利になるために現金が必要なリターンを示します。"]}},{"id":"what-it-shows","heading":{"en":"What the tool shows — and what it doesn’t","ja":"ツールが示すこと・示さないこと"},"body":{"en":["In short: Compares term reduction and payment reduction; Shows interest saved, term shortened, and liquidity sacrificed; Considers the mortgage-tax deduction you may forgo; Term reduction usually saves more interest, all else equal.","A calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","Key points to carry away: Compares term reduction and payment reduction; Shows interest saved, term shortened, and liquidity sacrificed; Considers the mortgage-tax deduction you may forgo; Term reduction usually saves more interest, all else equal. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["要点：期間短縮と返済額軽減を比較する。節約利息・短縮期間・失う流動性を示す。失い得る住宅ローン控除を考慮する。他条件が同じなら通常は期間短縮が利息を多く節約する。","計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：期間短縮と返済額軽減を比較する。節約利息・短縮期間・失う流動性を示す。失い得る住宅ローン控除を考慮する。他条件が同じなら通常は期間短縮が利息を多く節約する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers and borrowers modeling a decision","Anyone stress-testing affordability"],"ja":["判断を試算する買い手・借り手","返済能力をストレステストする人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A guaranteed quote or approval"],"ja":["確定した見積り・承認"]},"warnings":{"en":["Preserve emergency liquidity before prepaying; the tool shows the deduction you may lose and the return your cash would need to make prepayment the wrong choice."],"ja":["繰上返済の前に緊急資金を残しましょう。失い得る控除と、繰上返済が不利になるために現金が必要なリターンを示します。"]},"faqs":["loan-early-always-best","loan-term-vs-payment-reduction"],"sources":["nta-mortgage-deduction"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["early-repayment","mortgage-tax-deduction","mortgage-amortization"]},{"slug":"mortgage-refinancing-tool","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Refinancing calculator","ja":"借り換えの計算ツール"},"summary":{"en":"Existing balance, old/new rate, fees, and remaining term to break-even date.","ja":"現在残高・旧/新金利・手数料・残存期間から、損益分岐の時期へ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Enter your existing loan and a new offer to see the nominal and present-value savings, the break-even month, and the balance at original maturity — so you refinance only when the savings beat all the new costs.","ja":"現在のローンと新しい提示を入力すると、名目と現在価値の節約・損益分岐の月・当初満期時の残高が出ます。節約が新費用のすべてを上回るときだけ借り換えられます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Shows nominal savings, present-value savings, and the break-even month.","Includes origination, registration, scrivener, appraisal, and insurance costs.","A longer new term can hide a higher total cost.","Refinance only when present-value savings exceed all new costs."],"ja":["名目・現在価値の節約と損益分岐の月を示す。","事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険の費用を含む。","新しい長い期間は総コストの増加を隠し得る。","現在価値の節約が新費用を上回るときのみ借り換える。"]},"sections":[{"id":"inputs-outputs","heading":{"en":"Inputs and outputs","ja":"入力と出力"},"body":{"en":["Inputs: current balance, remaining term, current rate path, new rate, new term, percentage/fixed fee, registration, judicial scrivener, appraisal, insurance additions, and expected holding period.","Outputs: nominal savings, present-value savings, break-even months, and the balance at original maturity."],"ja":["入力：現在残高・残存期間・現行金利の経路・新金利・新期間・定率/定額手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険上乗せ・想定保有期間。","出力：名目の節約・現在価値の節約・損益分岐の月数・当初満期時の残高。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use","heading":{"en":"How to interpret the result","ja":"結果の読み方"},"body":{"en":["A lower monthly payment from a longer term is not a saving; the tool compares present-value savings against all new costs and health-screening risk."],"ja":["期間延長による低い月返済は節約ではありません。現在価値の節約を新費用と健康審査のリスクと比較します。"]}},{"id":"what-it-shows","heading":{"en":"What the tool shows — and what it doesn’t","ja":"ツールが示すこと・示さないこと"},"body":{"en":["In short: Shows nominal savings, present-value savings, and the break-even month; Includes origination, registration, scrivener, appraisal, and insurance costs; A longer new term can hide a higher total cost; Refinance only when present-value savings exceed all new costs.","A calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","Key points to carry away: Shows nominal savings, present-value savings, and the break-even month; Includes origination, registration, scrivener, appraisal, and insurance costs; A longer new term can hide a higher total cost; Refinance only when present-value savings exceed all new costs. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["要点：名目・現在価値の節約と損益分岐の月を示す。事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険の費用を含む。新しい長い期間は総コストの増加を隠し得る。現在価値の節約が新費用を上回るときのみ借り換える。","計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：名目・現在価値の節約と損益分岐の月を示す。事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険の費用を含む。新しい長い期間は総コストの増加を隠し得る。現在価値の節約が新費用を上回るときのみ借り換える。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers and borrowers modeling a decision","Anyone stress-testing affordability"],"ja":["判断を試算する買い手・借り手","返済能力をストレステストする人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A guaranteed quote or approval"],"ja":["確定した見積り・承認"]},"warnings":{"en":["A lower monthly payment from a longer term is not a saving; the tool compares present-value savings against all new costs and health-screening risk."],"ja":["期間延長による低い月返済は節約ではありません。現在価値の節約を新費用と健康審査のリスクと比較します。"]},"faqs":["loan-refinancing-makes-sense","loan-extend-term-refinancing"],"sources":["jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-refinancing","refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","refinancing-lenders"]},{"slug":"foreigner-mortgage-checker","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Foreign-resident mortgage eligibility checker","ja":"外国人向け住宅ローン適格性チェッカー"},"summary":{"en":"PR, visa, spouse, income, employment, language, and down payment to indicative lender routes.","ja":"永住・在留・配偶者・収入・雇用・言語・頭金から、目安となる金融機関ルートへ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Answer questions about residence, PR, spouse, income, employment, language, down payment, and property use to be routed to indicative lender sets — it does not issue an \"approved\" result, only realistic routes to explore.","ja":"在留・永住・配偶者・収入・雇用・言語・頭金・物件用途の質問に答えると、目安となる金融機関群に振り分けられます。「承認」を出すものではなく、検討すべき現実的なルートのみを示します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Routes you to lender sets — it never issues an \"approved\" result.","Non-residents are routed to cash or specialist investment finance.","PR opens the mainstream set; non-PR routes to specialist lenders.","Down payment and property use filter the lender set further."],"ja":["金融機関群に振り分ける。「承認」は出さない。","非居住者は現金または専門の投資融資に振り分ける。","永住は主流群を開き、非永住は専門機関に振り分ける。","頭金と物件用途で金融機関群をさらに絞る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"inputs-outputs","heading":{"en":"Inputs and outputs","ja":"入力と出力"},"body":{"en":["Inputs (routing questions): resident in Japan?, PR or special PR?, Japanese spouse or guarantor?, years of Japanese tax income?, employment type and tenure?, Japanese communication?, down-payment percentage?, property use?, property location/type?, and any credit-record issue?","Outputs: indicative lender routes (mainstream, English-support, specialist non-PR, or cash/investment), a documentation-readiness score, and any disclosure/remediation path — never an approval."],"ja":["入力(振り分けの質問)：日本居住か・永住/特別永住か・日本人配偶者や保証人か・日本の課税所得の年数・雇用形態と勤続・日本語での意思疎通・頭金の割合・物件用途・物件の所在地/種類・信用情報の問題の有無。","出力：目安となる金融機関ルート(主流・英語対応・専門の非永住・現金/投資)、書類の準備度スコア、開示/是正の道筋。承認ではありません。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use","heading":{"en":"How to interpret the result","ja":"結果の読み方"},"body":{"en":["The checker routes, it does not approve; a nonresident is sent to cash or specialist finance, and every route still requires full underwriting."],"ja":["チェッカーは振り分けるだけで承認しません。非居住者は現金や専門融資に送られ、どのルートも本審査が必要です。"]}},{"id":"what-it-shows","heading":{"en":"What the tool shows — and what it doesn’t","ja":"ツールが示すこと・示さないこと"},"body":{"en":["In short: Routes you to lender sets — it never issues an \"approved\" result; Non-residents are routed to cash or specialist investment finance; PR opens the mainstream set; non-PR routes to specialist lenders; Down payment and property use filter the lender set further.","A calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit."],"ja":["要点：金融機関群に振り分ける。「承認」は出さない。非居住者は現金または専門の投資融資に振り分ける。永住は主流群を開き、非永住は専門機関に振り分ける。頭金と物件用途で金融機関群をさらに絞る。","計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers and borrowers modeling a decision","Anyone stress-testing affordability"],"ja":["判断を試算する買い手・借り手","返済能力をストレステストする人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A guaranteed quote or approval"],"ja":["確定した見積り・承認"]},"warnings":{"en":["The checker routes, it does not approve; a nonresident is sent to cash or specialist finance, and every route still requires full underwriting."],"ja":["チェッカーは振り分けるだけで承認しません。非居住者は現金や専門融資に送られ、どのルートも本審査が必要です。"]},"faqs":["loan-mortgage-no-pr","loan-pr-mandatory"],"sources":["prestia-mortgage","tokyostar-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["foreigners-buying-property","pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders"]},{"slug":"condo-financial-health","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Condominium financial-health checker","ja":"マンション財務健全性チェッカー"},"summary":{"en":"Reserves, arrears, repair plan, borrowing, insurance, and governance to a risk result.","ja":"積立金・滞納・修繕計画・借入・保険・運営から、リスク結果へ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Enter the reserve, arrears, repair plan, association borrowing, insurance, and governance details to score the building’s financial health — with a low current fee scoring negatively if it creates future special assessments.","ja":"積立金・滞納・修繕計画・組合借入・保険・運営を入力すると、建物の財務健全性を採点します。将来の一時金を生む安い現行費用はマイナス評価になります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Scores reserve balance and monthly reserve per square meter.","Weighs the funding method, arrears, borrowing, and repair plan.","Includes insurance, governance, and unresolved litigation.","A low current fee scores negatively if it means future special assessments."],"ja":["㎡あたりの積立残高と月額積立を採点する。","積立方法・滞納・借入・修繕計画を重視する。","保険・運営・未解決の訴訟を含む。","将来の一時金を意味する安い現行費用はマイナス評価。"]},"sections":[{"id":"inputs-outputs","heading":{"en":"Inputs and outputs","ja":"入力と出力"},"body":{"en":["Inputs: reserve balance and monthly reserve per m², funding method (even or escalating), 30-year-plus repair plan and update date, estimated next major work and funding gap, owner arrears, association borrowing, management-fee trend, commercial/absentee ownership concentration, insurance and earthquake coverage, meeting attendance, unresolved litigation, and planned elevator/pipe/façade/seismic work.","Outputs: a financial-health risk result, where a low current monthly fee does not score positively if it creates future special assessments."],"ja":["入力：㎡あたりの積立残高と月額積立・積立方法(均等か逓増)・30年以上の修繕計画と更新日・次の大規模工事の見込みと不足額・所有者の滞納・組合借入・管理費の推移・商業/不在所有の集中・保険と地震補償・出席状況・未解決の訴訟・予定されるエレベーター/配管/外壁/耐震工事。","出力：財務健全性のリスク結果。将来の一時金を生む安い現行月費用はプラス評価にならない。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use","heading":{"en":"How to interpret the result","ja":"結果の読み方"},"body":{"en":["A low monthly fee is not a good score if it reflects an underfunded reserve; the checker treats a step-up plan’s early low fee as a future risk."],"ja":["積立不足を映すなら安い月費用は良い評価ではありません。段階増額の低い初期費用は将来のリスクとして扱います。"]}},{"id":"what-it-shows","heading":{"en":"What the tool shows — and what it doesn’t","ja":"ツールが示すこと・示さないこと"},"body":{"en":["In short: Scores reserve balance and monthly reserve per square meter; Weighs the funding method, arrears, borrowing, and repair plan; Includes insurance, governance, and unresolved litigation; A low current fee scores negatively if it means future special assessments.","A calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit."],"ja":["要点：㎡あたりの積立残高と月額積立を採点する。積立方法・滞納・借入・修繕計画を重視する。保険・運営・未解決の訴訟を含む。将来の一時金を意味する安い現行費用はマイナス評価。","計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers and borrowers modeling a decision","Anyone stress-testing affordability"],"ja":["判断を試算する買い手・借り手","返済能力をストレステストする人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A guaranteed quote or approval"],"ja":["確定した見積り・承認"]},"warnings":{"en":["A low monthly fee is not a good score if it reflects an underfunded reserve; the checker treats a step-up plan’s early low fee as a future risk."],"ja":["積立不足を映すなら安い月費用は良い評価ではありません。段階増額の低い初期費用は将来のリスクとして扱います。"]},"faqs":["loan-condo-check","loan-special-assessment"],"sources":["mlit-repair-plan"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["evaluating-condominium","condo-repair-reserve","condominium-management-fees"]},{"slug":"property-investment-calculator","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Investment-property cash-flow calculator","ja":"投資物件のキャッシュフロー計算ツール"},"summary":{"en":"Price, rent, vacancy, expenses, debt, and exit to NOI, DSCR, and IRR.","ja":"価格・賃料・空室・費用・借入・出口から、NOI・DSCR・IRRへ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Enter the price, rent, vacancy, expenses, financing, and exit assumptions to see gross and net yield, NOI, DSCR, cash-on-cash return, break-even occupancy, after-tax cash flow, and IRR — underwriting the deal as a business, not on gross yield.","ja":"価格・賃料・空室・費用・融資・出口の前提を入力すると、粗/純利回り・NOI・DSCR・自己資金利回り・損益分岐入居率・税引後キャッシュフロー・IRRが出ます。粗利回りでなく事業として採算を見ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Retains gross yield, net yield, NOI, DSCR, and cash-on-cash return.","Shows break-even occupancy and after-tax cash flow.","Runs sensitivity to rent, vacancy, rate, and exit value.","Do not treat mortgage principal as an operating expense."],"ja":["粗利回り・純利回り・NOI・DSCR・自己資金利回りを保持する。","損益分岐入居率と税引後キャッシュフローを示す。","賃料・空室・金利・出口価値への感応度を回す。","住宅ローン元金を営業費用としない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"inputs-outputs","heading":{"en":"Inputs and outputs","ja":"入力と出力"},"body":{"en":["Inputs: price, acquisition costs, rent, vacancy, rent decline, management, leasing, tax, insurance, association fees, repairs, capital expenditure, financing, sale cap rate, selling costs, and tax.","Outputs: gross yield, net yield, NOI, DSCR, cash-on-cash return, break-even occupancy, after-tax cash flow, internal rate of return, and sensitivity to rent, vacancy, rate, and exit value."],"ja":["入力：価格・取得費用・賃料・空室・賃料下落・管理・客付け・税・保険・組合費・修繕・資本的支出・融資・売却キャップレート・売却費用・税。","出力：粗利回り・純利回り・NOI・DSCR・自己資金利回り・損益分岐入居率・税引後キャッシュフロー・内部収益率・賃料/空室/金利/出口価値への感応度。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use","heading":{"en":"How to interpret the result","ja":"結果の読み方"},"body":{"en":["A 5–6% gross yield can become a thin or negative cash yield after costs; the tool shows NOI and DSCR so you underwrite the deal, not the headline yield."],"ja":["粗利回り5〜6%も費用後は薄いか赤字のキャッシュ利回りになり得ます。NOIとDSCRを示し、表面利回りでなく取引を採算評価できます。"]}},{"id":"what-it-shows","heading":{"en":"What the tool shows — and what it doesn’t","ja":"ツールが示すこと・示さないこと"},"body":{"en":["In short: Retains gross yield, net yield, NOI, DSCR, and cash-on-cash return; Shows break-even occupancy and after-tax cash flow; Runs sensitivity to rent, vacancy, rate, and exit value; Do not treat mortgage principal as an operating expense.","A calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit."],"ja":["要点：粗利回り・純利回り・NOI・DSCR・自己資金利回りを保持する。損益分岐入居率と税引後キャッシュフローを示す。賃料・空室・金利・出口価値への感応度を回す。住宅ローン元金を営業費用としない。","計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers and borrowers modeling a decision","Anyone stress-testing affordability"],"ja":["判断を試算する買い手・借り手","返済能力をストレステストする人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A guaranteed quote or approval"],"ja":["確定した見積り・承認"]},"warnings":{"en":["A 5–6% gross yield can become a thin or negative cash yield after costs; the tool shows NOI and DSCR so you underwrite the deal, not the headline yield."],"ja":["粗利回り5〜6%も費用後は薄いか赤字のキャッシュ利回りになり得ます。NOIとDSCRを示し、表面利回りでなく取引を採算評価できます。"]},"faqs":["loan-gross-yield","loan-investment-nonrecourse"],"sources":["stat-housing-survey"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["property-investment-japan","investment-property-loans","tokyo-vs-regional-property"]},{"slug":"property-ownership-cost","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Property tax and ownership-cost estimator","ja":"固定資産税・保有コスト試算"},"summary":{"en":"Assessed values, municipality, property type, insurance, fees, and repairs to annual cost.","ja":"評価額・自治体・物件種別・保険・費用・修繕から、年間コストへ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Enter the assessed values, municipality, and property details to estimate your annual ownership cost — fixed-asset and city-planning tax, insurance, management and repair-reserve fees, and a maintenance reserve.","ja":"評価額・自治体・物件の詳細を入力すると、年間の保有コスト(固定資産税・都市計画税・保険・管理費と修繕積立金・維持積立)を試算します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Estimates fixed-asset and city-planning tax from assessed values.","Adds insurance, management and repair-reserve fees, and maintenance.","Differs for a house (self-funded reserve) and a condominium.","Assessed values and taxes can change over time."],"ja":["評価額から固定資産税・都市計画税を試算する。","保険・管理費と修繕積立金・維持を加える。","一戸建て(自己資金の積立)とマンションで異なる。","評価額と税は時間とともに変わり得る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"inputs-outputs","heading":{"en":"Inputs and outputs","ja":"入力と出力"},"body":{"en":["Inputs: assessed land and building values, municipality, property type (house or condominium), insurance, management/reserve fees, and expected repairs.","Outputs: an estimated annual ownership cost, split into tax, insurance, condominium fees (or a self-funded house reserve), and maintenance."],"ja":["入力：土地建物の評価額・自治体・物件種別(一戸建てかマンション)・保険・管理費/積立金・見込みの修繕。","出力：年間の保有コストの試算。税・保険・マンションの費用(または一戸建ての自己積立)・維持に分けて表示。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use","heading":{"en":"How to interpret the result","ja":"結果の読み方"},"body":{"en":["Ownership is a recurring annual cost; a house owner must self-fund the equivalent of a condominium’s repair reserve, which the estimate includes."],"ja":["保有は毎年の継続コストです。一戸建て所有者はマンションの修繕積立金に相当する額を自己資金で用意する必要があり、試算に含みます。"]}},{"id":"what-it-shows","heading":{"en":"What the tool shows — and what it doesn’t","ja":"ツールが示すこと・示さないこと"},"body":{"en":["In short: Estimates fixed-asset and city-planning tax from assessed values; Adds insurance, management and repair-reserve fees, and maintenance; Differs for a house (self-funded reserve) and a condominium; Assessed values and taxes can change over time.","A calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","Key points to carry away: Estimates fixed-asset and city-planning tax from assessed values; Adds insurance, management and repair-reserve fees, and maintenance; Differs for a house (self-funded reserve) and a condominium; Assessed values and taxes can change over time. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["要点：評価額から固定資産税・都市計画税を試算する。保険・管理費と修繕積立金・維持を加える。一戸建て(自己資金の積立)とマンションで異なる。評価額と税は時間とともに変わり得る。","計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：評価額から固定資産税・都市計画税を試算する。保険・管理費と修繕積立金・維持を加える。一戸建て(自己資金の積立)とマンションで異なる。評価額と税は時間とともに変わり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers and borrowers modeling a decision","Anyone stress-testing affordability"],"ja":["判断を試算する買い手・借り手","返済能力をストレステストする人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A guaranteed quote or approval"],"ja":["確定した見積り・承認"]},"warnings":{"en":["Ownership is a recurring annual cost; a house owner must self-fund the equivalent of a condominium’s repair reserve, which the estimate includes."],"ja":["保有は毎年の継続コストです。一戸建て所有者はマンションの修繕積立金に相当する額を自己資金で用意する必要があり、試算に含みます。"]},"faqs":["loan-fixed-asset-tax","loan-emergency-cash-owner"],"sources":["tokyo-fixed-asset-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["fixed-asset-tax","homeownership-japan","house-maintenance-costs"]},{"slug":"mortgage-document-checklist","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mortgage document checklist","ja":"住宅ローン書類チェックリスト"},"summary":{"en":"Employment and residency profile and lender stage to a personalized document list.","ja":"雇用・在留のプロフィールと審査段階から、個別の書類リストへ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Enter your employment and residency profile and the lender stage to generate a personalized document list — from identity and income records to the source-of-funds and property documents a foreign resident often needs.","ja":"雇用と在留のプロフィールと審査段階を入力すると、個別の書類リストが生成されます。本人確認や収入記録から、外国人居住者に多い資金の出所や物件書類まで。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Generates a personalized list by employment and residency profile.","Splits documents by preapproval and final-approval stage.","Includes source-of-funds evidence for foreign residents.","Keep documents consistent with your preapproval statements."],"ja":["雇用と在留のプロフィール別に個別リストを生成する。","事前審査と本審査の段階で書類を分ける。","外国人居住者向けに資金の出所の証拠を含む。","書類を事前審査の申告と一貫させる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"inputs-outputs","heading":{"en":"Inputs and outputs","ja":"入力と出力"},"body":{"en":["Inputs: employment type (employee, contract, self-employed, company owner), residency status (PR, non-PR, spouse), and the lender stage (preapproval or final approval).","Outputs: a personalized document list — identity and residence, income and tax, employment, property and contract, and source-of-funds records tailored to your profile and stage."],"ja":["入力：雇用形態(会社員・契約・自営・会社経営)・在留資格(永住・非永住・配偶者)・審査段階(事前審査か本審査)。","出力：個別の書類リスト。本人確認と住民・収入と税・雇用・物件と契約・資金の出所を、プロフィールと段階に合わせて表示。"]}},{"id":"how-to-use","heading":{"en":"How to interpret the result","ja":"結果の読み方"},"body":{"en":["Discrepancies between preapproval and final documents can cause a decline; the checklist helps you keep records consistent and complete."],"ja":["事前審査と最終書類の相違は否決を招き得ます。記録を一貫し完全に保つのに役立ちます。"]}},{"id":"what-it-shows","heading":{"en":"What the tool shows — and what it doesn’t","ja":"ツールが示すこと・示さないこと"},"body":{"en":["In short: Generates a personalized list by employment and residency profile; Splits documents by preapproval and final-approval stage; Includes source-of-funds evidence for foreign residents; Keep documents consistent with your preapproval statements.","A calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","Key points to carry away: Generates a personalized list by employment and residency profile; Splits documents by preapproval and final-approval stage; Includes source-of-funds evidence for foreign residents; Keep documents consistent with your preapproval statements. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act."],"ja":["要点：雇用と在留のプロフィール別に個別リストを生成する。事前審査と本審査の段階で書類を分ける。外国人居住者向けに資金の出所の証拠を含む。書類を事前審査の申告と一貫させる。","計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","押さえておきたい要点：雇用と在留のプロフィール別に個別リストを生成する。事前審査と本審査の段階で書類を分ける。外国人居住者向けに資金の出所の証拠を含む。書類を事前審査の申告と一貫させる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Buyers and borrowers modeling a decision","Anyone stress-testing affordability"],"ja":["判断を試算する買い手・借り手","返済能力をストレステストする人"]},"notFor":{"en":["A guaranteed quote or approval"],"ja":["確定した見積り・承認"]},"warnings":{"en":["Discrepancies between preapproval and final documents can cause a decline; the checklist helps you keep records consistent and complete."],"ja":["事前審査と最終書類の相違は否決を招き得ます。記録を一貫し完全に保つのに役立ちます。"]},"faqs":["loan-income-documents","loan-borrow-down-payment"],"sources":["jhf-flat35"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-income-documents","property-purchase-documents","foreigners-buying-property"]},{"slug":"points-vs-cashback-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Points vs cashback in Japan: how rewards actually work","ja":"ポイントとキャッシュバックの違い：日本の特典の仕組み"},"summary":{"en":"What loyalty points are, how they differ from cashback, and how to value them honestly.","ja":"ポイントとは何か、キャッシュバックとどう違うか、そして正直に価値を評価する方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Most major Japanese points (Rakuten, PayPay, d, V) are worth about ¥1 each on everyday spending; points offer flexibility but can expire, while cashback is simpler flat cash.","ja":"主要な日本のポイント（楽天・PayPay・d・V）は日常の支払いで1ポイント約1円。ポイントは柔軟ですが失効し得る一方、キャッシュバックは単純な現金です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A point is a program unit worth roughly ¥1 when redeemed on ordinary spending — not always.","Base earn is often 1 point per ¥100 (1%); effective rate is what you get after caps, fees, and expiry.","Points are flexible but can expire and devalue; cashback is simpler and more certain.","Value points at the amount you will realistically redeem, not the advertised maximum.","Rewards are a discount on spending you would do anyway — never a reason to spend more."],"ja":["ポイントは通常の支払いで1ポイント約1円の価値を持つ単位（常にではない）。","基本還元は100円につき1ポイント（1%）が多い。実質還元率は上限・手数料・失効後に得られる分。","ポイントは柔軟だが失効・価値低下があり得る。キャッシュバックは単純で確実。","ポイントは現実に使える額で評価し、広告上の最大値では評価しない。","特典はどのみち行う支出への割引であって、余計に使う理由ではない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"basics","heading":{"en":"Points basics","ja":"ポイントの基本"},"body":{"en":["A loyalty point is a program-issued unit that can normally be used only within specified stores, apps, transfers, or services. In practice one point in the big Japanese ecosystems — Rakuten Points, PayPay Points, d POINT, V Points — is usually worth close to ¥1 when spent on ordinary purchases. That “¥1” is a convenient rule of thumb, not a guarantee: value depends entirely on what the program lets you redeem for.","Cashback, by contrast, is money returned as a statement credit, bank deposit, or cash-equivalent balance. It usually involves fewer redemption decisions than points, which is its main advantage."],"ja":["ポイントは、指定の店・アプリ・交換・サービスの中でのみ使えるのが普通の、プログラム発行の単位です。実際には主要な日本の経済圏（楽天ポイント・PayPayポイント・dポイント・Vポイント）では、通常の買い物に使えば1ポイントは約1円の価値になります。この「1円」は便利な目安であって保証ではありません。価値はプログラムが何と交換させてくれるか次第です。","一方でキャッシュバックは、明細上の値引き・銀行入金・現金同等の残高として戻る「お金」です。ポイントより使い道の判断が少なくて済むのが主な利点です。"]}},{"id":"earning","heading":{"en":"Earning and valuation","ja":"獲得と価値評価"},"body":{"en":["Most cards award a base rate near 1 point per ¥100 (1%). A Rakuten Card ordinarily earns about 1% on eligible general spending; an Epos Card earns 1 point per ¥200 (about 0.5%) before bonuses. The base rate is only the starting point. The effective reward rate is the value you actually receive after caps, per-transaction rounding, exclusions, fees, and realistic redemption value.","A quoted “7%” can be far lower in practice if only selected merchants and smartphone-touch transactions qualify — as with SMBC’s selected convenience-store and restaurant offer, which distinguishes eligible smartphone contactless from physical-card touch and iD."],"ja":["多くのカードの基本還元率は100円につき1ポイント（1%）前後です。楽天カードは対象の一般利用で約1%、エポスカードはボーナス前で200円につき1ポイント（約0.5%）です。基本還元率は出発点にすぎません。実質還元率は、上限・取引ごとの端数処理・除外・手数料・現実的な交換価値の後に、実際に受け取る価値です。","「7%」という表示も、対象店舗かつスマホのタッチ決済だけが条件なら実際にはずっと低くなり得ます。三井住友カードの対象コンビニ・飲食店の還元は、対象のスマホのタッチ決済と、物理カードのタッチやiDを区別しています。"]}},{"id":"vs-cashback","heading":{"en":"Points vs cashback, and expiry","ja":"ポイント対キャッシュバックと失効"},"body":{"en":["Points can outperform cash through merchant bonuses or high-value travel redemptions, but they carry expiration, devaluation, restricted use, and transfer losses. Most ordinary balances last one to two years; “limited-time” campaign points can expire in months and sometimes redeem only in narrow services. The safe habit is to concentrate in one active ecosystem so the balance stays alive, and to spend limited-time points quickly on everyday items.","Cashback is best for people who prioritise simplicity and certainty; points are best for people who naturally use the ecosystem or can redeem miles well."],"ja":["ポイントは店舗ボーナスや価値の高い旅行交換で現金を上回ることがありますが、失効・価値低下・用途制限・交換ロスを伴います。通常残高の多くは1〜2年で失効し、「期間限定」ポイントは数か月で失効し、限られたサービスでしか使えないこともあります。安全な習慣は、残高を生かすために1つの経済圏に集中し、期間限定ポイントは日常品に早めに使い切ることです。","キャッシュバックは単純さと確実さを重視する人向け、ポイントは経済圏を自然に使う人やマイルを上手に交換できる人向けです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Points newbies comparing rewards vs straight cashback"],"ja":["特典とキャッシュバックを比べ始める初心者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Advanced mileage optimisation"],"ja":["高度なマイル最適化"]},"warnings":{"en":["A ¥10,000 purchase made only to earn 100 points is a ¥9,900 loss. Never overspend to chase rewards."],"ja":["100ポイントのためだけの1万円の買い物は9,900円の損。特典のために使いすぎないこと。"]},"faqs":["rewards-points-vs-cashback","rewards-point-value","points-value"],"sources":["rakuten-card-terms","epos-card-terms","smbc-conveni","paypay-points"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-card","epos-card"],"relatedArticles":["how-points-are-earned","point-value-expiry","choosing-a-point-ecosystem"]},{"slug":"how-points-are-earned","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How points are earned in Japan","ja":"日本でポイントが貯まる仕組み"},"summary":{"en":"Base rates, bonus multipliers, limited-time points, and how legitimate stacking works.","ja":"基本還元率・ボーナス倍率・期間限定ポイント、そして正当な二重取りの仕組み。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Points come from a base rate (often 1% on cards), plus merchant/campaign bonuses; paying with a rewarding card while scanning a point app can legitimately stack two or three rewards.","ja":"ポイントは基本還元率（カードで1%が多い）に、店舗・キャンペーンのボーナスが加わって貯まります。還元のあるカードで払いつつポイントアプリを提示すると、正当に2〜3重取りできます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Base earning is typically 1 point per ¥100 on cards and some e-money.","Bonus multipliers come from merchants or campaigns (e.g. Rakuten SPU).","Limited-time/campaign points often expire quickly — check the deadline.","Closed-loop points (nanaco, WAON) differ from transferable points (Rakuten).","Stacking = merchant point + payment point on the same purchase, when each is eligible."],"ja":["カードや一部電子マネーの基本還元は100円につき1ポイントが典型。","ボーナス倍率は店舗やキャンペーン（楽天SPUなど）から。","期間限定・キャンペーンポイントは早く失効しがち。期限を確認。","閉じたポイント（nanaco・WAON）は交換可能なポイント（楽天）と異なる。","二重取り＝同じ買い物で店のポイント＋決済のポイント（各々対象のとき）。"]},"sections":[{"id":"base","heading":{"en":"Base earning and bonus multipliers","ja":"基本還元とボーナス倍率"},"body":{"en":["The base earning rate is the ordinary rate before campaigns or merchant bonuses. Many no-fee cards give one point per ¥100 (1%); a 0.5% card gives one per ¥200. On top of that, a bonus category — a specific merchant, a mobile-service bill, transit charging, or an issuer’s own marketplace — earns above the base. Rakuten’s SPU (Super Point Up) program is the best-known multiplier: using more Rakuten services raises the marketplace point rate, subject to conditions and caps."],"ja":["基本還元率は、キャンペーンや店舗ボーナス前の通常の率です。年会費無料カードの多くは100円につき1ポイント（1%）、0.5%のカードは200円につき1ポイントです。その上に、特定の店・携帯料金・交通系チャージ・発行会社のモールといった「対象カテゴリ」が基本を超えて貯まります。楽天のSPU（スーパーポイントアップ）は最も有名な倍率で、楽天サービスを多く使うほど市場（楽天市場）のポイント率が上がります（条件・上限あり）。"]}},{"id":"limited","heading":{"en":"Limited-time points and closed vs transferable","ja":"期間限定ポイントと、閉じた／交換可能の違い"},"body":{"en":["Campaigns frequently issue limited-time points with a fixed, often short deadline and sometimes narrower redemption options. Rakuten, d POINT, and PayPay all distinguish some form of ordinary and limited-use rewards, so always check whether a headline bonus is ordinary or limited before you rely on it.","Points also differ by portability. Closed-loop points like nanaco and WAON are mostly confined to one operator group and function like store e-money. Transferable points like Rakuten Points can move across a broad partner network or into other programs — subject to minimums and ratios."],"ja":["キャンペーンはしばしば、期限が固定で短く、用途も狭いことがある期間限定ポイントを出します。楽天・dポイント・PayPayはいずれも通常ポイントと用途限定ポイントを区別しているため、目玉ボーナスに頼る前に、それが通常か限定かを必ず確認しましょう。","ポイントは持ち運びやすさでも異なります。nanacoやWAONのような閉じたポイントは主に1つの事業者グループに限られ、店の電子マネーのように働きます。楽天ポイントのような交換可能ポイントは、広い提携先や他プログラムへ（最低数量・レートの条件付きで）動かせます。"]}},{"id":"stacking","heading":{"en":"Stacking: two or three rewards on one purchase","ja":"二重取り：1回の買い物で2〜3の特典"},"body":{"en":["Stacking means receiving more than one legitimate reward from the same purchase — for example, merchant points from scanning a loyalty app plus payment points from the card or QR wallet used. At a convenience store you might scan a d POINT card (merchant point) and pay with a rewarding card or QR app (payment point). The critical check is that each layer is independently eligible: a card being accepted as a wallet funding source does not prove it earns points for that charge."],"ja":["二重取りとは、同じ買い物から複数の正当な特典を受け取ることです。例えば、ポイントアプリの提示による店のポイントに、使ったカードやQRウォレットの決済ポイントを重ねます。コンビニではdポイントカードを提示（店のポイント）し、還元のあるカードやQRアプリで払う（決済ポイント）ことができます。重要な確認は、各層が個別に対象であることです。カードがウォレットのチャージ元として使えることは、そのチャージでポイントが付くことを証明しません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Beginners wanting to understand earning mechanics"],"ja":["貯まる仕組みを知りたい初心者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People seeking a single “best” multiplier for everyone"],"ja":["万人向けの唯一の最強倍率を探す人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not add rates that already include the base rate, and do not assume any wallet charge earns points."],"ja":["基本還元を含む率を二重に足さないこと。ウォレットへのチャージが必ずポイント対象とも限らない。"]},"faqs":["rewards-stacking","rewards-limited-time","points-value"],"sources":["rakuten-spu","dpoint-official","paypay-points"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-card"],"relatedArticles":["points-vs-cashback-guide","stacking-credit-qr-store","redeem-points-guide"]},{"slug":"point-value-expiry","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Point value, expiry, and devaluation","ja":"ポイントの価値・有効期限・価値低下"},"summary":{"en":"How much a point is really worth, how expiry works program by program, and how to avoid losses.","ja":"1ポイントの実際の価値、プログラム別の失効の仕組み、損失を避ける方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Most major points are worth about ¥1, but expiry and store-locking reduce real value; ordinary PayPay Points do not expire, while d POINT lasts 48 months and nanaco/WAON about two years.","ja":"主要ポイントは約1円ですが、失効や店舗限定で実質価値は下がります。通常のPayPayポイントは無期限、dポイントは48か月、nanaco・WAONは約2年です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Value one point at what you will realistically redeem it for, not the maximum.","Ordinary PayPay Points have no expiry; limited-time points do.","d POINT ordinarily expires 48 months after acquisition.","nanaco and WAON POINT have a maximum life of roughly two years.","Concentrate in one ecosystem and spend limited-time points first."],"ja":["1ポイントは現実に交換できる価値で評価し、最大値では評価しない。","通常のPayPayポイントは無期限、期間限定ポイントは失効する。","dポイントは通常、獲得から48か月で失効。","nanacoとWAON POINTの有効期間は最長で約2年。","1つの経済圏に集中し、期間限定ポイントから先に使う。"]},"sections":[{"id":"valuation","heading":{"en":"What a point is really worth","ja":"ポイントの実際の価値"},"body":{"en":["A nominal “one point” is not necessarily worth ¥1. When spent in-store or on the operator’s marketplace, most major points redeem near ¥1. When transferred to airline miles, merchandise, or another currency, the realised value can be well under ¥1. Rakuten Points stay close to ¥1 for everyday use, but a store-locked balance like nanaco is less flexible even at the same nominal rate. Always value at the redemption you will actually use."],"ja":["名目上の「1ポイント」が必ず1円とは限りません。店舗や事業者のモールで使えば、多くの主要ポイントは約1円で交換できます。マイルや商品、別通貨に交換すると、実現価値は1円をかなり下回ることがあります。楽天ポイントは日常利用で約1円を保ちますが、nanacoのような店舗限定残高は同じ名目率でも柔軟性は劣ります。実際に使う交換方法で価値を評価しましょう。"]}},{"id":"expiry","heading":{"en":"Expiry rules by program","ja":"プログラム別の失効ルール"},"body":{"en":["Some programs use a fixed expiry date; others extend the entire balance whenever qualifying activity occurs. Ordinary PayPay Points currently have no expiration, while PayPay limited-time points do. Ordinary d POINT generally expires 48 months after acquisition. Ponta and V Points typically extend with qualifying activity (roughly one year from the latest change). WAON POINT’s earning-cycle structure creates a maximum life near two years, and nanaco points earned April–March generally expire at the end of the following March. JRE POINT generally expires after two years without qualifying earning or use."],"ja":["固定の有効期限を使うプログラムもあれば、対象の取引があるたびに残高全体を延長するものもあります。通常のPayPayポイントは現在無期限で、期間限定ポイントは失効します。通常のdポイントは獲得から48か月で失効するのが一般的です。PontaやVポイントは通常、対象の取引で延長されます（直近の変動から約1年）。WAON POINTは獲得サイクルの仕組み上、有効期間が最長約2年になります。nanacoポイントは4月〜翌3月に獲得した分が翌年3月末に失効するのが一般的です。JRE POINTは対象の獲得・利用が2年ない場合に失効します。"]}},{"id":"devaluation","heading":{"en":"Devaluation and avoiding loss","ja":"価値低下と損失回避"},"body":{"en":["Devaluation is a reduction in value from a worse transfer ratio, higher award price, lower earning rate, new cap, or narrower eligibility. Programs change rules, so a balance you plan to hold for years carries risk. To avoid quiet losses: concentrate in one active ecosystem so your balance keeps extending, set reminders for limited-time points, and redeem before an announced change takes effect rather than after."],"ja":["価値低下とは、交換レートの悪化・特典価格の上昇・還元率の低下・新たな上限・対象の縮小による価値の減少です。プログラムはルールを変えるため、何年も持ち続ける予定の残高にはリスクがあります。静かな損失を避けるには、残高が延長され続けるよう1つの経済圏に集中し、期間限定ポイントにリマインダーを設定し、告知された変更が発効する「前」に交換することです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone worried about losing point value"],"ja":["ポイント価値の目減りが心配な方"]},"notFor":{"en":["People chasing every campaign balance"],"ja":["あらゆるキャンペーン残高を追う人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Many programs require using points before leaving Japan; check portability before you relocate."],"ja":["多くのプログラムは出国前の利用を要します。転居前に持ち運び可否を確認。"]},"faqs":["rewards-limited-time","rewards-no-expiry","points-expiry"],"sources":["paypay-points","dpoint-expiry","nanaco-points","waon-point","jre-point"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["redeem-points-guide","how-points-are-earned","avoid-overspend-points"]},{"slug":"redeem-points-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How to redeem points efficiently","ja":"ポイントを効率よく使う方法"},"summary":{"en":"Redemption options, minimums, family pooling, and when transferring to miles makes sense.","ja":"交換の選択肢・最低数量・家族プール、そしてマイル交換が有利になる場面。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Redeem most points at face value (≈¥1) on everyday spending or e-money top-ups; transferring to miles can beat ¥1 only when you have a realistic high-value award, and minimums apply.","ja":"多くのポイントは日常の支払いや電子マネーチャージで額面（約1円）で使うのが基本。マイル交換が1円を超えるのは現実的で価値の高い特典があるときだけで、最低数量もあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Common uses: retailer discounts, e-money top-ups, gift vouchers, mile conversion.","Minimums and increments apply — e.g. nanaco 500 pts → 250 ANA miles.","Some programs allow family pooling; check the rules.","Transferring to miles often yields under ¥1 per point unless the award is high-value.","Redeem before expiry or an announced devaluation."],"ja":["主な使い道：店頭値引き・電子マネーチャージ・ギフト券・マイル交換。","最低数量や単位がある。例：nanaco 500ポイント→ANA 250マイル。","家族プールを認めるプログラムもある。ルールを確認。","マイル交換は、特典が高価値でない限り1ポイント1円未満になりがち。","失効や告知された価値低下の前に使う。"]},"sections":[{"id":"options","heading":{"en":"Redemption options and minimums","ja":"交換の選択肢と最低数量"},"body":{"en":["The most reliable redemptions keep points near ¥1: paying at partner stores, topping up e-money, or applying points inside the operator’s app. Gift vouchers and merchandise vary and can be worse than ¥1. Watch minimums and increments — for example, nanaco points convert to ANA miles at 500 points for 250 miles, and many programs redeem only in fixed steps. Small minimums reduce the risk of stranded balances."],"ja":["最も確実な交換はポイントを約1円に保ちます。提携店での支払い、電子マネーへのチャージ、事業者アプリ内での利用です。ギフト券や商品はばらつきがあり、1円を下回ることもあります。最低数量や単位に注意しましょう。例えばnanacoポイントは500ポイントでANA 250マイル、多くのプログラムは固定単位でしか交換できません。最低数量が小さいほど、残高が使えなくなるリスクが減ります。"]}},{"id":"miles","heading":{"en":"Transferring to miles or other programs","ja":"マイルや他プログラムへの交換"},"body":{"en":["Transfer partners let you convert points into another currency, usually with a minimum, ratio, monthly limit, or restricted expiration. Ponta transfers to JAL miles at roughly two Ponta to one mile; several card points transfer to ANA or JAL. Direct conversion to miles often yields under ¥0.5 per point unless you have a genuinely high-value award (a long-haul premium seat you would actually buy). Do not transfer speculatively — transfer only to solve a specific redemption you will use."],"ja":["交換提携は、通常は最低数量・レート・月間上限・有効期限の制限付きで、ポイントを別通貨に変えられます。PontaはおおよそPonta 2ポイントでJAL 1マイル、いくつかのカードポイントはANAやJALへ交換できます。マイルへの直接交換は、本当に価値の高い特典（実際に買う長距離の上位席）がない限り、1ポイント0.5円未満になりがちです。投機的に交換せず、実際に使う特定の特典のためだけに交換しましょう。"]}},{"id":"family","heading":{"en":"Family pooling and foreign-friendly redemptions","ja":"家族プールと外国人にやさしい交換"},"body":{"en":["Some programs allow designated relatives to share or use points, which can help a household reach useful thresholds faster; rules differ by program. For redemptions that do not require a Japanese address — online shopping, e-money, in-app payment — points remain useful even if you move. Remember that points used at the time of an ordinary personal purchase are generally treated as a discount, not taxable income."],"ja":["指定の親族でポイントを共有・利用できるプログラムもあり、世帯として有用なしきい値へ早く到達できます（ルールはプログラム別）。日本の住所が不要な交換（オンライン購入・電子マネー・アプリ内決済）なら、転居してもポイントは有用です。通常の個人の買い物時に使うポイントは、原則として課税所得ではなく値引きとして扱われる点も覚えておきましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["All users looking to maximise redemptions"],"ja":["交換を最大化したいすべての人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People expecting guaranteed >¥1 mile value"],"ja":["1円超のマイル価値を確約と誤解する人"]},"warnings":{"en":["A nominal point is not automatically ¥1 when transferred; calculate the realistic value first."],"ja":["名目ポイントは交換時に自動的に1円ではありません。まず現実的な価値を計算。"]},"faqs":["rewards-transfer-miles","rewards-minimum-redemption","points-value"],"sources":["ponta-jal","ana-mileage","nanaco-points","nta-points-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["ana-mileage-club","point-value-expiry","mile-value-calculator"]},{"slug":"avoid-overspend-points","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Avoiding reward traps and debt","ja":"特典の罠と借金を避ける"},"summary":{"en":"Why chasing campaigns can cost more than it returns, and how to keep rewards from driving spending.","ja":"キャンペーン追いが見返りより高くつく理由と、特典に支出を引っ張られない方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A one-percent reward never justifies buying something unnecessary, carrying revolving credit-card debt, missing a payment, or tying up money badly — rewards should only discount spending you would do anyway.","ja":"1%の特典は、不要な物の購入・リボ払いの負債・支払い遅延・不適切な資金拘束を正当化しません。特典はどのみち行う支出を割り引くだけであるべきです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Chasing campaigns can cost more time and money than the reward is worth.","Points are a discount only when the spending was already planned.","Revolving-credit interest can overwhelm years of rewards.","Missed payments hurt your credit history in Japan.","Value your time: an extra ¥6,000/year needing two hours a month is worth little."],"ja":["キャンペーン追いは、見返り以上に時間とお金を使うことがある。","ポイントが割引になるのは、その支出が元々予定されていたときだけ。","リボ払いの金利は、何年分もの特典を帳消しにし得る。","支払い遅延は日本の信用情報を傷つける。","時間を評価する。月2時間で年6,000円増でも価値は小さい。"]},"sections":[{"id":"hype","heading":{"en":"Campaign hype and spending discipline","ja":"キャンペーンの誇張と支出の規律"},"body":{"en":["Campaigns are designed to change behaviour. A “lottery” or “up to” headline uses the top prize, not the expected value, and many campaigns require entry, a specific funding source, minimum transactions, or a deadline. Chasing them can cost more attention than they return. The central discipline is simple: points are a discount when you were going to make the purchase anyway, and a loss when they persuade you to buy something you did not need. A ¥10,000 purchase made only to earn 100 points is a ¥9,900 loss."],"ja":["キャンペーンは行動を変えるために設計されています。「抽選」や「最大」の見出しは期待値ではなく最高賞を使い、多くはエントリー・特定のチャージ元・最低取引回数・期限を要します。追いかけると、見返り以上に注意力を消耗します。中心の規律は単純です。ポイントは、どのみち買う予定だった買い物では割引になり、不要な物を買わせるなら損失です。100ポイントのためだけの1万円の買い物は9,900円の損です。"]}},{"id":"debt","heading":{"en":"Debt risk and credit score","ja":"負債リスクと信用情報"},"body":{"en":["The most dangerous trap is using revolving credit (リボ払い) to chase points. Japanese revolving interest is high and can overwhelm years of rewards; point optimisation should always assume paying every card in full each month. Missed or late payments also harm your credit history in Japan, which matters for future cards, loans, and even some rentals. No reward rate is worth risking that."],"ja":["最も危険な罠は、ポイントのためにリボ払いを使うことです。日本のリボ金利は高く、何年分もの特典を帳消しにし得ます。ポイント最適化は常に、毎月カードを全額払うことを前提にすべきです。支払いの遅延・延滞は日本の信用情報も傷つけ、将来のカード・ローン、賃貸にも影響します。どんな還元率も、それを危険にさらす価値はありません。"]}},{"id":"time","heading":{"en":"Value your time","ja":"時間を評価する"},"body":{"en":["Even legitimate optimisation has a cost. An extra ¥6,000 per year that requires two hours of tracking every month is worth only about ¥250 per hour before error and overspending risk. A sensible rule is to automate one primary ecosystem, ignore campaigns that change your purchasing behaviour, and review balances monthly rather than daily. Simplicity is usually the higher-return strategy."],"ja":["正当な最適化にもコストがあります。月2時間の管理が必要で年6,000円増なら、誤りや使いすぎのリスク前で時給約250円にすぎません。賢明なルールは、主要な経済圏を1つ自動化し、購買行動を変えるキャンペーンは無視し、残高は毎日ではなく毎月見直すことです。多くの場合、単純さのほうが高リターンの戦略です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Risk-averse spenders and the general public"],"ja":["慎重な支出者と一般の方"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who already track a disciplined optimisation matrix"],"ja":["既に規律ある最適化表を管理している人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never use revolving credit or overspend to earn points. Credit interest and late fees can dwarf any reward."],"ja":["ポイントのためにリボ払いや使いすぎをしないこと。金利や延滞料は特典をはるかに上回り得ます。"]},"faqs":["rewards-overspend","rewards-revolving"],"sources":["boj-payments","nta-points-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["points-vs-cashback-guide","points-cashback-calculator"]},{"slug":"rakuten-points-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Rakuten Point ecosystem guide","ja":"楽天ポイント経済圏ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"How Rakuten Points are earned, used, and transferred across the Rakuten group.","ja":"楽天ポイントの貯め方・使い方・交換を楽天グループ横断で解説。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Rakuten Points work across Rakuten shopping, card, pay, mobile, bank, and securities; they redeem at about ¥1 each, ordinary points extend with activity, and the SPU program raises marketplace earning.","ja":"楽天ポイントは楽天の買い物・カード・ペイ・モバイル・銀行・証券で使え、約1円で交換でき、通常ポイントは利用で延長、SPUで市場の還元が上がります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Operator: Rakuten Group; free Rakuten ID, no Japanese address needed for online shopping.","Rakuten Card earns about 1% (1 point per ¥100) on eligible general spend.","SPU raises Rakuten Ichiba earning when you use more group services (caps apply).","Ordinary points redeem at ≈¥1; limited-time points expire faster and are often non-transferable.","Best fit: heavy Rakuten shoppers and residents inside the ecosystem."],"ja":["運営：楽天グループ。楽天IDは無料で、オンライン購入なら日本の住所は不要。","楽天カードは対象の一般利用で約1%（100円につき1ポイント）。","SPUはグループサービスを多く使うほど楽天市場の還元が上がる（上限あり）。","通常ポイントは約1円、期間限定ポイントは失効が早く交換不可が多い。","向き：楽天を多用する人、経済圏内の居住者。"]},"sections":[{"id":"earning","heading":{"en":"How you earn and what it is worth","ja":"貯め方と価値"},"body":{"en":["Rakuten Points are issued by Rakuten Group and used across Rakuten Ichiba, Rakuten Travel, Rakuten Pay, Rakuten Mobile, Rakuten Bank, and Rakuten Securities. Anyone can register a free Rakuten ID. The Rakuten Card ordinarily earns about 1% on eligible general purchases; Rakuten Ichiba adds marketplace points, and the SPU (Super Point Up) program raises the Ichiba rate as you use more group services, subject to conditions, caps, and limited-time treatment. Merchant presentation rates vary, and most points redeem at roughly ¥1 each."],"ja":["楽天ポイントは楽天グループが発行し、楽天市場・楽天トラベル・楽天ペイ・楽天モバイル・楽天銀行・楽天証券で使えます。楽天IDは誰でも無料で登録できます。楽天カードは対象の一般利用で約1%、楽天市場は市場ポイントを加算し、SPU（スーパーポイントアップ）はグループサービスを多く使うほど市場の還元率を上げます（条件・上限・期間限定の扱いあり）。店頭の提示還元率は店により異なり、多くのポイントは約1円で交換できます。"]}},{"id":"redeem","heading":{"en":"Expiry, transfers, and best card","ja":"有効期限・交換・最適カード"},"body":{"en":["Ordinary Rakuten Points use activity-based validity, so a balance that keeps earning or spending stays alive; limited-time points have fixed deadlines and are generally excluded from transfers and some services. Points redeem at ≈¥1 on Rakuten sites and at local shops via Rakuten Pay, and can top up Suica through supported routes. Several exchange partners exist, but limited-time points are usually ineligible. The natural card is the no-fee Rakuten Card; note that card applications require Japanese residence and an address even though Rakuten offers some English information."],"ja":["通常の楽天ポイントは利用ベースの有効期限で、獲得・利用が続く残高は生き続けます。期間限定ポイントは固定の期限があり、交換や一部サービスから通常除外されます。ポイントは楽天サイトで約1円、街の店では楽天ペイ経由で使え、対応ルートでSuicaにチャージもできます。複数の交換提携がありますが、期間限定ポイントは通常対象外です。自然なカードは年会費無料の楽天カードで、楽天は一部英語情報を提供するものの、カード申込には日本の在留と住所が必要です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Rakuten shoppers and ecosystem beginners"],"ja":["楽天ユーザーと経済圏の初心者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who rarely use any Rakuten service"],"ja":["楽天サービスをほとんど使わない人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Limited-time points expire quickly — spend them on everyday items first."],"ja":["期間限定ポイントは失効が早い。まず日常品に使い切る。"]},"faqs":["rewards-rakuten-spu","points-which-ecosystem"],"sources":["rakuten-point","rakuten-point-club","rakuten-card-terms","rakuten-spu"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-card"],"relatedArticles":["rakuten-card","rakuten-pay-guide","compare-point-ecosystems"]},{"slug":"paypay-points-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"PayPay Points ecosystem guide","ja":"PayPayポイント経済圏ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"How PayPay Points are earned through PayPay Step and campaigns, and why ordinary points do not expire.","ja":"PayPayステップやキャンペーンでの貯め方と、通常ポイントが無期限である理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"PayPay is Japan’s dominant QR wallet; ordinary PayPay Points do not expire and redeem at ≈¥1, PayPay Step conditions govern earning, and points can exchange one-to-one with V Points (with limits).","ja":"PayPayは日本の主要QRウォレット。通常のPayPayポイントは無期限で約1円、獲得はPayPayステップの条件次第、Vポイントと1対1で交換可能（上限あり）です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Operator: PayPay Corporation; app account with Japanese mobile authentication.","Ordinary PayPay Points have no expiration; limited-time points expire.","PayPay Step (with required KYC since June 2, 2026) governs the earn rate.","Point-funded portions do not earn Step rewards; points cannot be sent or withdrawn.","One-to-one V Point exchange from 100 points, with daily/monthly limits."],"ja":["運営：PayPay株式会社。日本の携帯認証によるアプリ口座。","通常のPayPayポイントは無期限、期間限定ポイントは失効。","PayPayステップ（2026年6月2日以降は本人確認必須）が還元率を左右。","ポイントで払った分はステップ対象外。ポイントは送金・出金不可。","Vポイントと1対1で100ポイントから交換（日次・月次上限あり）。"]},"sections":[{"id":"earning","heading":{"en":"Earning, Step, and campaigns","ja":"獲得・ステップ・キャンペーン"},"body":{"en":["PayPay is a code-payment platform accepted at a very large merchant network, including convenience stores, retail chains, and small shops. You register in the app with Japanese mobile authentication. Earning is governed by PayPay Step, whose eligibility depends on payment method and monthly conditions; since June 2, 2026 identity verification is required, and any portion paid with PayPay Points is excluded from Step rewards. Frequent nationwide campaigns and lotteries add value, but their advertised “up to” rates assume perfect eligibility."],"ja":["PayPayは、コンビニ・小売チェーン・小規模店を含む非常に広い加盟店網で使えるコード決済です。日本の携帯認証でアプリに登録します。獲得はPayPayステップに従い、対象は決済方法や月間条件次第です。2026年6月2日以降は本人確認が必須で、PayPayポイントで支払った分はステップの対象外です。全国キャンペーンや抽選が価値を加えますが、「最大」の表示は完璧な条件充足を前提としています。"]}},{"id":"use","heading":{"en":"No-expiry ordinary points, use, and exchange","ja":"無期限の通常ポイント・利用・交換"},"body":{"en":["The headline advantage is that ordinary PayPay Points have no expiration, so casual small-merchant spending accumulates without expiry pressure; limited-time points do expire and are usable only in designated LINE Yahoo services. Ordinary points (≈¥1) can pay for any PayPay balance purchase, and some bill payments, but points cannot be sent to friends or withdrawn — only eligible PayPay Money can. Since March 2026, points can exchange one-to-one with V Points from 100 points, subject to daily and monthly limits."],"ja":["目玉の利点は、通常のPayPayポイントが無期限であることです。小規模店での日常の少額支出が失効の圧力なく貯まります。期間限定ポイントは失効し、指定のLINEヤフー系サービスでしか使えません。通常ポイント（約1円）はPayPay残高での支払い全般や一部の請求書払いに使えますが、送金・出金はできません（対象のPayPayマネーのみ可能）。2026年3月以降、ポイントはVポイントと100ポイントから1対1で交換できます（日次・月次上限あり）。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["QR-payment users and convenience-store shoppers"],"ja":["QR決済ユーザーとコンビニ利用者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who need withdrawable cash rewards"],"ja":["出金できる現金特典が必要な人"]},"warnings":{"en":["PayPay is not a general foreign-card workaround; supported card registration and 3-D Secure rules apply."],"ja":["PayPayは外国カードの汎用的な回避策ではありません。対応カードの登録や3Dセキュアの規則が適用されます。"]},"faqs":["rewards-no-expiry","rewards-paypay-vpoint","points-paypay-vs-rakuten"],"sources":["paypay-points","paypay-step","paypay-vpoint-exchange"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["paypay-app-guide","paypay-card","compare-point-ecosystems"]},{"slug":"d-point-club-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"d POINT (NTT DOCOMO) program guide","ja":"dポイント（NTTドコモ）プログラムガイド"},"summary":{"en":"How d POINT works for docomo and non-docomo users, including d払い and d CARD.","ja":"ドコモ・非ドコモ双方でのdポイントの仕組み（d払い・dカードを含む）。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A free d Account is open to anyone, even without a docomo contract; d払い earns about 0.5% (1% with eligible d Card funding), and ordinary d POINT generally expires 48 months after acquisition.","ja":"無料のdアカウントはドコモ契約なしでも誰でも作れます。d払いは約0.5%（対象のdカードチャージで1%）、通常のdポイントは獲得から約48か月で失効します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Operator: NTT DOCOMO; d Account available even without a docomo mobile contract.","Merchant earn rates vary; d払い normally earns 0.5%, or ~1% with eligible d Card funding.","Strong presence at Lawson and many participating merchants.","Ordinary d POINT generally expires 48 months after acquisition.","Airline and partner exchanges exist; ratios and minimums vary."],"ja":["運営：NTTドコモ。dアカウントはドコモ契約なしでも利用可。","店舗の還元率は様々。d払いは通常0.5%、対象のdカードチャージで約1%。","ローソンや多くの加盟店で強い。","通常のdポイントは獲得から約48か月で失効。","航空・提携先への交換あり（レート・最低数量は様々）。"]},"sections":[{"id":"join-earn","heading":{"en":"Joining and earning","ja":"入会と獲得"},"body":{"en":["d POINT is operated by NTT DOCOMO, and a free d Account can be created by anyone as a private individual — you do not need a docomo mobile contract. You earn by presenting a d POINT card or app at participating merchants (Lawson and many others), by using d払い, and through the d Card. Merchant rates vary; d払い normally earns about 0.5%, rising to roughly 1% before store points when funded by an eligible d Card (0.5% payment plus 0.5% funding bonus). Note that from September 1, 2026, the d Card funding bonus was scheduled to be issued as limited-time/use points."],"ja":["dポイントはNTTドコモが運営し、個人であれば誰でも無料のdアカウントを作れます。ドコモの携帯契約は不要です。加盟店（ローソンほか多数）でdポイントカードやアプリを提示する、d払いを使う、dカードを使うことで貯まります。店舗の還元率は様々で、d払いは通常約0.5%、対象のdカードでチャージすると店のポイント前で約1%（決済0.5%＋チャージ0.5%）になります。なお2026年9月1日以降、dカードのチャージボーナスは期間・用途限定ポイントで付与される予定です。"]}},{"id":"use-expiry","heading":{"en":"Using, expiry, and transfers","ja":"利用・有効期限・交換"},"body":{"en":["d POINT redeems at ≈¥1 at partner stores such as Lawson and docomo shops, can offset docomo phone bills, and can pay through the d払い app. Ordinary d POINT generally expires 48 months after acquisition, while limited-time/use points have their own shorter deadlines and eligible services. Airline and partner exchanges exist with varying ratios and minimums. For foreign residents, no docomo contract is needed to join, but app SMS authentication commonly requires a Japanese phone number."],"ja":["dポイントはローソンやドコモショップなどの提携店で約1円、ドコモの携帯料金への充当、d払いアプリでの支払いに使えます。通常のdポイントは獲得から約48か月で失効し、期間・用途限定ポイントは独自の短い期限と対象サービスを持ちます。航空・提携先への交換はレートや最低数量が様々です。外国人居住者は入会にドコモ契約は不要ですが、アプリのSMS認証には日本の電話番号が必要なことが一般的です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["docomo customers and newcomers exploring d POINT"],"ja":["ドコモ利用者とdポイントを試す新規の方"]},"notFor":{"en":["People wanting a single non-expiring balance"],"ja":["無期限の単一残高を望む人"]},"warnings":{"en":["From September 1, 2026 the d払い d Card funding bonus becomes limited-use points — verify before relying on it."],"ja":["2026年9月1日以降、d払いのdカードチャージボーナスは用途限定ポイントに。頼る前に確認を。"]},"faqs":["rewards-dpoint-account","rewards-dbarai-rate"],"sources":["dpoint-official","dpoint-expiry","dbarai","dcard"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["d-barai-guide","stacking-credit-qr-store","compare-point-ecosystems"]},{"slug":"ponta-points-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Ponta points program guide","ja":"Pontaポイントプログラムガイド"},"summary":{"en":"How Ponta ties Lawson, au, Recruit, and JAL together, and how expiry works.","ja":"ローソン・au・リクルート・JALをつなぐPontaの仕組みと有効期限。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Ponta is earned at Lawson, au, Recruit services, and partners at ≈¥1 per point; it exchanges to JAL miles at about two Ponta to one mile, and a standard balance generally expires after one year without activity.","ja":"Pontaはローソン・au・リクルート・提携先で約1円で貯まり、JALマイルへおおよそPonta 2対1マイルで交換でき、標準残高は取引が1年ないと失効します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Operator: Loyalty Marketing within the KDDI/Recruit ecosystem.","Earn at Lawson, au, Recruit services, and participating retailers.","au integration: Ponta and au PAY connect for spending and billing.","Exchanges to JAL miles at roughly two Ponta to one mile.","Standard balance generally expires after one year without qualifying activity."],"ja":["運営：KDDI／リクルート経済圏のロイヤリティマーケティング。","ローソン・au・リクルート系サービス・加盟店で貯まる。","au連携：Pontaとau PAYが支払い・請求でつながる。","JALマイルへおおよそPonta 2対1マイルで交換。","標準残高は対象の取引が1年ないと失効。"]},"sections":[{"id":"earn","heading":{"en":"Earning and the au connection","ja":"貯め方とau連携"},"body":{"en":["Ponta is a merchant-specific loyalty currency earned at Lawson, au services, Recruit services (such as Hot Pepper and Jalan), gas stations, and many other affiliates, commonly usable around ¥1 per point. Its defining feature is the KDDI/au integration: Ponta is the point companion for au PAY, so au and UQ mobile customers can earn and spend Ponta through the wallet and pay au-related bills. Presenting the Ponta ID (card or app) before paying is what triggers the merchant reward."],"ja":["Pontaは、ローソン・au・リクルート系サービス（ホットペッパーやじゃらんなど）・ガソリンスタンドほか多数の提携先で貯まる、店舗ごとのロイヤリティ通貨で、通常1ポイント約1円で使えます。特徴はKDDI／auとの連携です。Pontaはau PAYのポイント相棒で、au・UQモバイルの利用者はウォレットでPontaを貯めて使い、au関連の請求を支払えます。支払い前にPonta ID（カードやアプリ）を提示することが、店の還元のきっかけになります。"]}},{"id":"use-jal","heading":{"en":"Redemption, JAL, and expiry","ja":"交換・JAL・有効期限"},"body":{"en":["Ponta typically redeems at ≈¥1 at the same stores or through au-service redemptions; for example, 100 Ponta can become ¥100 of au PAY balance. Its most valuable transfer is to JAL miles, ordinarily at two Ponta points to one mile, which makes it a natural fit for JAL flyers. A standard Ponta balance generally expires after one year without an earning or use transaction, though some KDDI-issued or campaign points follow different rules. Foreign residents can join Lawson Ponta easily, but linking to au PAY generally needs a Japanese mobile or bank account."],"ja":["Pontaは同じ店やauサービスでの交換で通常約1円で使え、例えば100 Pontaはau PAY残高100円になります。最も価値ある交換はJALマイルで、通常Ponta 2ポイントで1マイルのため、JAL利用者に自然に合います。標準のPonta残高は、獲得・利用の取引が1年ないと失効しますが、一部のKDDI発行分やキャンペーンポイントは別ルールです。外国人居住者はローソンPontaに簡単に加入できますが、au PAYとの連携には通常、日本の携帯か銀行口座が必要です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Lawson, au/UQ, and JAL users"],"ja":["ローソン・au／UQ・JALの利用者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People with no au or Lawson touchpoints"],"ja":["auやローソンとの接点がない人"]},"warnings":{"en":["A standard Ponta balance can expire after one year of inactivity — keep it active."],"ja":["標準Ponta残高は1年利用がないと失効し得ます。利用を続けましょう。"]},"faqs":["rewards-ponta-jal","points-which-ecosystem"],"sources":["ponta-official","ponta-jal","aupay-app"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["au-pay-guide","jal-mileage-bank","compare-point-ecosystems"]},{"slug":"v-points-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"V Points (SMBC/Visa) program guide","ja":"Vポイント（SMBC／Visa）プログラムガイド"},"summary":{"en":"The merged T Point / SMBC V Point network, and how it links cards, banking, and investment.","ja":"T ポイントとSMBC Vポイントが統合したネットワークと、カード・銀行・投資との連携。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"V Points integrate the former T Point and SMBC V Point systems; they redeem near ¥1 at many partner stores, exchange one-to-one with PayPay Points (limits apply), and connect to SMBC/Olive cards and SBI Securities.","ja":"Vポイントは旧TポイントとSMBC Vポイントを統合。多くの提携店で約1円、PayPayポイントと1対1で交換（上限あり）でき、SMBC／OliveやSBI証券とつながります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Operator: CCC/SMBC-led V Point network (former T Point integrated).","Earn by presenting the mobile V Point card and by using SMBC-linked cards.","One-to-one PayPay exchange, minimum 100, once per day, up to 30,000/month.","Also supports WAON exchanges under current terms.","Usually one year from the latest qualifying balance change; converted balances can differ."],"ja":["運営：CCC／SMBC主導のVポイント網（旧Tポイントを統合）。","モバイルVポイントカードの提示やSMBC系カードの利用で獲得。","PayPayと1対1、最低100、1日1回、月3万まで交換。","現行条件ではWAONへの交換にも対応。","通常は直近の対象変動から1年。交換で得た残高は別扱いのことも。"]},"sections":[{"id":"earn","heading":{"en":"Earning across the V Point network","ja":"Vポイント網での獲得"},"body":{"en":["V Points are the merged system of the former T Point and SMBC’s V Point, operated in the CCC/SMBC-led network. You earn by presenting the mobile V Point card or a physical point card at partners (convenience stores, FamilyMart, and many retailers), by using SMBC-linked Visa cards, and through account and investment activity. Merchant presentation and card-payment rates vary, and practical cash-like use is often near ¥1 through eligible redemptions."],"ja":["Vポイントは、旧TポイントとSMBCのVポイントが統合したもので、CCC／SMBC主導の網で運営されます。加盟店（コンビニ、ファミリーマート、多くの小売）でモバイルVポイントカードや物理カードを提示する、SMBC連携のVisaカードを使う、口座・投資の取引を通じて貯まります。店頭提示やカード決済の率は様々で、実用上は対象の交換で約1円になることが多いです。"]}},{"id":"use","heading":{"en":"Exchange, uses, and expiry","ja":"交換・使い道・有効期限"},"body":{"en":["V Points redeem at ≈¥1 at a very large partner network and can pay SMBC card charges, fund investment at SBI Securities, or load V Point Pay for contactless Visa use. Since March 2026 they exchange one-to-one with PayPay Points, minimum 100, once per day and up to 30,000 per month — but a converted V balance carries a fixed one-year validity, so exchange should solve an actual redemption problem, not just move points between apps. Ordinary points usually extend for one year from the latest qualifying balance change."],"ja":["Vポイントは非常に大きな提携網で約1円で使え、SMBCカード代金への充当、SBI証券でのクレカ積立、V Point Payへのチャージによる非接触Visa利用ができます。2026年3月以降はPayPayポイントと1対1で、最低100、1日1回、月3万まで交換できますが、交換で得たV残高は有効期限が固定1年のため、アプリ間でポイントを移すだけでなく実際の交換課題を解くために使うべきです。通常ポイントは直近の対象変動から1年延長されます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["SMBC/Olive and SBI Securities users"],"ja":["SMBC／OliveやSBI証券の利用者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People outside the SMBC/Visa ecosystem"],"ja":["SMBC／Visa経済圏の外の人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Converted (from PayPay) V Points expire in one year — do not exchange speculatively."],"ja":["PayPayから交換したVポイントは1年で失効。投機的に交換しないこと。"]},"faqs":["rewards-paypay-vpoint","rewards-vpoint-waon"],"sources":["vpoint-official","paypay-vpoint-exchange","waon-point"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["smbc-numberless-card","compare-point-ecosystems"]},{"slug":"waon-point-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"WAON POINT (AEON) program guide","ja":"WAON POINT（イオン）プログラムガイド"},"summary":{"en":"How WAON POINT rewards AEON-group grocery shopping, and how it differs from WAON e-money.","ja":"イオングループの食料品買い物で貯まるWAON POINTと、WAON電子マネーとの違い。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"WAON POINT is AEON’s loyalty currency, earned at AEON-group stores and usable at ≈¥1, with a maximum life of roughly two years; it is distinct from WAON stored-value e-money.","ja":"WAON POINTはイオンのロイヤリティ通貨で、イオングループ店で貯まり約1円で使え、有効期間は最長約2年。WAON電子マネー（前払い残高）とは別物です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Operator: AEON Group; AEON apps, WAON POINT card, and eligible AEON/WAON cards.","Earned especially at AEON-group stores; generally usable at about ¥1 per point.","AEON Card and special member days can raise earning on group stores.","Maximum life of roughly two years under the earning-cycle structure.","WAON POINT (loyalty) is different from WAON electronic money (stored value)."],"ja":["運営：イオングループ。イオンアプリ・WAON POINTカード・対象のイオン／WAONカード。","イオングループ店で特に貯まり、通常1ポイント約1円。","イオンカードや特別な会員日でグループ店の還元が上がる。","獲得サイクルの仕組み上、有効期間は最長約2年。","WAON POINT（ロイヤリティ）とWAON電子マネー（前払い残高）は別物。"]},"sections":[{"id":"earn","heading":{"en":"Earning at AEON-group stores","ja":"イオングループ店での獲得"},"body":{"en":["WAON POINT is the AEON Group’s loyalty currency. You obtain it through the AEON/iAEON apps, a WAON POINT card, or eligible WAON/AEON cards, and earn merchant-specific points especially at AEON-group stores such as AEON, MaxValu, and other group supermarkets. Paying with an AEON Card, and shopping on special member days, can raise the effective earn on group stores. Because grocery shopping is high-frequency, these store-specific days and coupons can matter more than a small difference between general-purpose cards."],"ja":["WAON POINTはイオングループのロイヤリティ通貨です。イオン／iAEONアプリ、WAON POINTカード、対象のWAON／イオンカードで入手し、イオン・マックスバリュなどグループのスーパーで店舗ごとのポイントが特に貯まります。イオンカードでの支払いや特別な会員日の買い物は、グループ店での実質還元を高めます。食料品の買い物は頻度が高いため、こうした店舗限定の日やクーポンは、汎用カード間の小さな差より重要になり得ます。"]}},{"id":"use","heading":{"en":"Use, expiry, and the e-money distinction","ja":"使い道・有効期限・電子マネーとの違い"},"body":{"en":["WAON POINT redeems at ≈¥1 toward purchases at AEON-group and affiliated shops and can be exchanged into other value under current rules, including topping up WAON electronic money. The earning-cycle structure means points earned in a period expire at the end of a later fiscal-style cycle, producing a maximum life of roughly two years. Keep the two “WAON” concepts separate: WAON POINT is a loyalty currency, while WAON electronic money is a prepaid stored-value rail — older materials sometimes blur them. AEON Card applications are generally limited to residents."],"ja":["WAON POINTはイオングループや提携店での買い物に約1円で使え、現行ルールで他の価値へ交換（WAON電子マネーへのチャージを含む）できます。獲得サイクルの仕組み上、ある期間に獲得したポイントは後の年度サイクル末に失効し、有効期間は最長約2年です。2つの「WAON」を混同しないこと。WAON POINTはロイヤリティ通貨、WAON電子マネーは前払いの残高です。古い資料では両者が曖昧なことがあります。イオンカードの申込は通常、居住者に限られます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["AEON shoppers and grocery-focused families"],"ja":["イオン利用者と食料品中心の家庭"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who rarely shop at AEON-group stores"],"ja":["イオングループ店をほとんど使わない人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not confuse WAON POINT with WAON electronic money — they follow different rules."],"ja":["WAON POINTとWAON電子マネーを混同しないこと。ルールが異なります。"]},"faqs":["rewards-waon-vs-nanaco","rewards-supermarket-best"],"sources":["waon-point","aeon-card"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["supermarket-points","aeon-card","emoney-payment-guide"]},{"slug":"nanaco-points-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"nanaco points (Seven & i) program guide","ja":"nanacoポイント（セブン＆アイ）プログラムガイド"},"summary":{"en":"How nanaco points are earned at Seven & i stores, converted to e-money, and how expiry works.","ja":"セブン＆アイ店でのnanacoポイントの貯め方・電子マネーへの交換・有効期限。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"nanaco points are earned at Seven & i merchants, convert into nanaco electronic money at ¥1 each, and points earned April–March generally expire at the end of the following March — a largely closed-loop system.","ja":"nanacoポイントはセブン＆アイの店で貯まり、1ポイント1円でnanaco電子マネーに交換でき、4月〜翌3月に獲得した分は翌年3月末に失効するのが一般的な、ほぼ閉じた仕組みです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Operator: Seven & i (Seven Card Service); free nanaco card or app.","Earned at participating Seven & i merchants and campaigns.","Points convert into nanaco electronic money (¥1 each) after registration.","Points earned April–March generally expire at the end of the following March.","Primarily a closed-loop Seven & i value system, not an airline-transfer currency."],"ja":["運営：セブン＆アイ（セブン・カードサービス）。無料のnanacoカードやアプリ。","対象のセブン＆アイ加盟店やキャンペーンで貯まる。","登録後、ポイントはnanaco電子マネー（1ポイント1円）に交換。","4月〜翌3月に獲得した分は翌年3月末に失効するのが一般的。","主に閉じたセブン＆アイの価値体系で、マイル交換通貨ではない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"earn","heading":{"en":"Earning and converting to e-money","ja":"貯め方と電子マネーへの交換"},"body":{"en":["nanaco points are operated within Seven & i Holdings and earned at participating merchants — Seven-Eleven, Ito-Yokado, Denny’s and others — plus campaigns. You get a free nanaco card or mobile app. Accumulated points can be converted into nanaco electronic money at ¥1 each, which you then spend across the Seven & i network. A key caution: never assume that charging nanaco with an arbitrary credit card earns that card’s points — only specifically eligible funding routes qualify."],"ja":["nanacoポイントはセブン＆アイ・ホールディングス内で運営され、加盟店（セブン-イレブン、イトーヨーカドー、デニーズなど）やキャンペーンで貯まります。無料のnanacoカードやモバイルアプリを入手します。貯まったポイントは1ポイント1円でnanaco電子マネーに交換でき、セブン＆アイ網で使えます。重要な注意：任意のクレジットカードでnanacoにチャージしても、そのカードのポイントが必ず付くとは限りません。対象のチャージ手段だけが条件を満たします。"]}},{"id":"use","heading":{"en":"Expiry and closed-loop nature","ja":"有効期限と閉じた性質"},"body":{"en":["Points earned from April through the following March generally expire at the end of the next March, creating a maximum life near two years. nanaco is primarily a closed-loop Seven & i value system rather than an airline-transfer currency, so its value is realised inside the Seven & i network. Foreign residents can use nanaco with little friction (no ID for basic use), though earning base card points requires a specifically eligible card. The best fit is anyone who regularly shops at Seven-Eleven and Ito-Yokado."],"ja":["4月〜翌3月に獲得したポイントは翌年3月末に失効するのが一般的で、有効期間は最長約2年です。nanacoは主に閉じたセブン＆アイの価値体系で、マイル交換通貨ではないため、価値はセブン＆アイ網の中で実現します。外国人居住者は摩擦少なくnanacoを使えます（基本利用に本人確認不要）が、カードの基本ポイントを貯めるには対象のカードが必要です。セブン-イレブンやイトーヨーカドーを日常的に使う人に最適です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["7-Eleven and Ito-Yokado shoppers"],"ja":["セブン-イレブン・イトーヨーカドー利用者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People wanting airline-transferable points"],"ja":["マイルに交換できるポイントを望む人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not assume any credit card charge to nanaco earns card points — verify the funding route."],"ja":["nanacoへのチャージがどのカードでもポイント対象とは限りません。チャージ手段を確認。"]},"faqs":["rewards-waon-vs-nanaco","rewards-seven-eleven-best"],"sources":["nanaco-points"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["convenience-store-points","emoney-payment-guide"]},{"slug":"jre-point-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"JRE POINT and transit rewards (JR East)","ja":"JRE POINTと交通系特典（JR東日本）"},"summary":{"en":"How commuters earn JRE POINT via Suica and View cards, and how ride points differ by device.","ja":"SuicaやビューカードでJRE POINTを貯める方法と、端末による乗車ポイントの違い。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Registered Mobile Suica earns 1 JRE POINT per ¥50 (2%) on eligible JR East rides while registered physical Suica earns 1 per ¥200 (0.5%); View Card charging adds 1.5%, and points redeem at ≈¥1.","ja":"登録済みモバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）、登録済み物理Suicaは200円につき1ポイント（0.5%）。ビューカードのチャージで1.5%加わり、約1円で使えます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Operator: JR East; account, app, registered Suica, and station-building cards.","Registered Mobile Suica: 1 point per ¥50 (2%) on eligible JR East rides.","Registered physical Suica: 1 point per ¥200 (0.5%) on eligible rides.","View Card charging earns 1.5%, stacking with ride points.","Balance generally expires after two years without qualifying activity."],"ja":["運営：JR東日本。アカウント・アプリ・登録Suica・駅ビルカード。","登録モバイルSuica：対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）。","登録物理Suica：対象乗車で200円につき1ポイント（0.5%）。","ビューカードのチャージは1.5%で、乗車ポイントと重なる。","対象の取引が2年ないと残高は失効。"]},"sections":[{"id":"earn","heading":{"en":"Earning JRE POINT on rides and charging","ja":"乗車とチャージでのJRE POINT獲得"},"body":{"en":["JRE POINT unifies Suica, eki-net, and station-building rewards under JR East. You get a JRE POINT card or use Mobile Suica linked to a JRE POINT account. The ride-earning rate depends on the device: registered Mobile Suica earns one point per ¥50 on eligible JR East rides (2%), while registered physical Suica earns one per ¥200 (0.5%). Charging Suica with a View card adds about 1.5%, so a registered Mobile Suica funded by a View card can stack a nominal 3.5% on eligible travel. The Suica must be registered to JRE POINT to earn ride points."],"ja":["JRE POINTは、JR東日本のもとでSuica・えきねっと・駅ビルの特典を統合します。JRE POINTカードを入手するか、JRE POINTアカウントに連携したモバイルSuicaを使います。乗車の還元率は端末次第で、登録モバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）、登録物理Suicaは200円につき1ポイント（0.5%）です。ビューカードでSuicaにチャージすると約1.5%加わるため、ビューカードでチャージした登録モバイルSuicaは対象移動で名目3.5%を重ねられます。乗車ポイントの獲得にはSuicaのJRE POINT登録が必要です。"]}},{"id":"use","heading":{"en":"Using points and expiry","ja":"ポイントの利用と有効期限"},"body":{"en":["Points are commonly usable at ≈¥1 each: at station stores, kiosks, and shopping malls, charged to Suica, or applied to JR East train products. Not every Suica transaction is a qualifying JR East ride — the 2% rate applies to eligible rides, not every merchant purchase, and pass products have separate rates. The balance generally expires after two years without qualifying earning or use, with activity extending validity. Many railway rewards need a Japanese address and phone, so they can be less accessible to non-residents."],"ja":["ポイントは通常1ポイント約1円で使えます。駅ナカの店・売店・商業施設、Suicaへのチャージ、JR東日本の切符への充当などです。すべてのSuica取引が対象のJR東日本乗車とは限りません。2%は対象乗車に適用され、あらゆる店の買い物ではなく、定期券は別の率です。残高は対象の獲得・利用が2年ないと失効し、取引で延長されます。多くの鉄道特典は日本の住所と電話が必要で、非居住者には使いにくいことがあります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Train commuters in Tokyo and East Japan"],"ja":["首都圏・東日本の電車通勤者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People outside JR East’s network"],"ja":["JR東日本網の外の人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Register your Suica before travelling — unregistered rides do not earn JRE POINT."],"ja":["移動前にSuicaを登録。未登録の乗車はJRE POINT対象外です。"]},"faqs":["rewards-suica-register","rewards-suica-ride-rate"],"sources":["jre-point","jre-suica","view-card"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["train-commuter-rewards","view-card-standard","mobile-suica-guide"]},{"slug":"convenience-store-points","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Convenience-store loyalty programs","ja":"コンビニのロイヤリティプログラム"},"summary":{"en":"Which point brand each major konbini uses, and how to combine store and payment rewards.","ja":"主要コンビニが使うポイントと、店と決済の特典を組み合わせる方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Each chain has its own program: 7-Eleven/nanaco, Lawson/Ponta and d POINT, FamilyMart/V Points and FamiPay, Ministop/WAON — present the membership code, then pay with the best eligible route.","ja":"各チェーンに独自プログラム：セブン/nanaco、ローソン/Ponta・dポイント、ファミマ/Vポイント・FamiPay、ミニストップ/WAON。会員コードを提示し、対象の最良の方法で払います。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["7-Eleven: nanaco and Seven Mile; Lawson: Ponta and d POINT.","FamilyMart: V Points (former T-Point) and FamiPay; Ministop: WAON.","Present the store membership code before paying where required.","The store app may add coupons or missions independent of the payment reward.","SMBC NL smartphone-touch can reach 7% at eligible chains (method-specific)."],"ja":["セブン：nanaco・セブンマイル。ローソン：Ponta・dポイント。","ファミマ：Vポイント（旧Tポイント）・FamiPay。ミニストップ：WAON。","必要な店では支払い前に会員コードを提示。","店アプリは決済特典と別にクーポンやミッションを加えることがある。","対象チェーンではSMBC NLのスマホのタッチで最大7%（方法限定）。"]},"sections":[{"id":"brands","heading":{"en":"Which program each chain uses","ja":"各チェーンのプログラム"},"body":{"en":["Convenience stores each anchor a different point brand. Seven-Eleven uses nanaco (plus Seven Mile through the app). Lawson participates in both Ponta and d POINT, so you can present either. FamilyMart uses V Points (the former T-Point) and its own FamiPay wallet, which adds a cash-back layer. Ministop, in the AEON group, uses WAON POINT. Presenting the correct membership code before paying is what earns the merchant point; the payment method earns a separate reward on top."],"ja":["コンビニはそれぞれ異なるポイントを軸にします。セブン-イレブンはnanaco（アプリでセブンマイルも）。ローソンはPontaとdポイントの両方に参加し、どちらも提示できます。ファミリーマートはVポイント（旧Tポイント）と自社のFamiPayウォレットを使い、キャッシュバックの層を加えます。イオングループのミニストップはWAON POINTです。支払い前に正しい会員コードを提示することが店のポイントの獲得で、決済方法はその上に別の特典を得ます。"]}},{"id":"combine","heading":{"en":"Combining store and payment rewards","ja":"店と決済の特典を組み合わせる"},"body":{"en":["The efficient pattern is to scan the store membership, apply any app coupon, then pay with the best eligible route — a rewarding card or a QR wallet. Where you use SMBC’s selected-store smartphone-touch route at eligible chains, the reward can reach seven percent, but only via the exact eligible smartphone contactless path; physical-card touch and iD are excluded, and you must not add a separate base 0.5% because seven percent already includes it. Card rewards are normally calculated on the amount after any coupon discount."],"ja":["効率的な手順は、店の会員を提示し、アプリのクーポンを適用し、対象の最良の方法（還元のあるカードやQRウォレット）で払うことです。対象チェーンで三井住友カードの対象店スマホのタッチを使う場合、還元は最大7%になり得ますが、対象のスマホのタッチという正確な経路に限られます。物理カードのタッチやiDは対象外で、7%には基本0.5%が含まれるため別に足してはいけません。カードの特典は通常、クーポン値引き後の金額で計算されます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Convenience-store shoppers"],"ja":["コンビニ利用者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People seeking one point that covers every konbini"],"ja":["全コンビニを1つのポイントで賄いたい人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not add a base 0.5% on top of a 7% category rate that already includes it."],"ja":["基本0.5%を、それを含む7%のカテゴリ率に上乗せしないこと。"]},"faqs":["rewards-seven-eleven-best","rewards-lawson-best","rewards-familymart-best"],"sources":["nanaco-points","ponta-official","dpoint-official","vpoint-official","smbc-conveni"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["convenience-shopper-rewards","stacking-credit-qr-store","smbc-numberless-card"]},{"slug":"supermarket-points","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Supermarket loyalty programs","ja":"スーパーのロイヤリティプログラム"},"summary":{"en":"Which points major supermarkets use, and why store-specific member days often beat card differences.","ja":"主要スーパーが使うポイントと、店舗限定の会員日がカードの差を上回る理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"AEON uses WAON POINT, Ito-Yokado uses nanaco, Seiyu leans on Rakuten Points, and several chains use their own cards; a store’s high-frequency member days often outweigh a small card-rate difference.","ja":"イオンはWAON POINT、イトーヨーカドーはnanaco、西友は楽天ポイント寄り、独自カードのチェーンもあります。頻度の高い会員日は、わずかなカード率の差を上回ることが多いです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["AEON/MaxValu: WAON POINT; Ito-Yokado: nanaco.","Seiyu leans on Rakuten Points; Life uses LaCuCa; Tokyu Store uses TOKYU POINT.","Local co-op and chain cards can dominate in one region.","Store member days and coupons often beat a small general-card difference.","Online grocery (e.g. Rakuten Seiyu Netsuper) can add ecosystem points."],"ja":["イオン／マックスバリュ：WAON POINT。イトーヨーカドー：nanaco。","西友は楽天ポイント寄り、ライフはLaCuCa、東急ストアはTOKYU POINT。","地域の生協やチェーンのカードが一地域で強いことがある。","店の会員日やクーポンは、汎用カードの小さな差を上回ることが多い。","ネットスーパー（楽天西友ネットスーパーなど）は経済圏ポイントを加える。"]},"sections":[{"id":"brands","heading":{"en":"Which points supermarkets use","ja":"スーパーが使うポイント"},"body":{"en":["Supermarket rewards are fragmented. AEON-group stores (AEON, MaxValu) use WAON POINT; Ito-Yokado uses nanaco; Seiyu leans toward Rakuten Points; Life uses its LaCuCa card; Tokyu Store uses TOKYU POINT; and many local co-op and regional chains run their own cards that can dominate in one prefecture. Because groceries are bought frequently, the practical winner is usually the store you actually visit weekly, paired with its own program rather than a marginally higher general card."],"ja":["スーパーの特典は分散しています。イオングループ（イオン・マックスバリュ）はWAON POINT、イトーヨーカドーはnanaco、西友は楽天ポイント寄り、ライフはLaCuCaカード、東急ストアはTOKYU POINT、多くの地域生協や地方チェーンは独自カードを持ち、一都道府県で強いことがあります。食料品は頻繁に買うため、実際に週次で通う店を、わずかに高い汎用カードよりその店のプログラムと組み合わせるのが実用的な勝ち筋です。"]}},{"id":"strategy","heading":{"en":"Member days and payment choice","ja":"会員日と決済選び"},"body":{"en":["A supermarket’s own high-frequency member days — discounts on the 5th and 20th, senior days, or double-point days — can outweigh a small difference between general-purpose cards, so join the store’s free program first. Then pay with WAON at AEON or a rewarding card/e-money elsewhere to add a payment reward. Online grocery services such as Rakuten Seiyu Netsuper can also earn ecosystem points, which is useful if you already concentrate in that ecosystem."],"ja":["スーパー自身の頻度の高い会員日（5日・20日の割引、シニアデー、ポイント2倍の日など）は、汎用カード間の小さな差を上回り得るため、まず店の無料プログラムに入りましょう。次に、イオンではWAON、他店では還元のあるカードや電子マネーで払い、決済の特典を加えます。楽天西友ネットスーパーなどのネットスーパーも経済圏ポイントを貯められ、その経済圏に集中している人に有用です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Grocery shoppers choosing a supermarket program"],"ja":["スーパーのプログラムを選ぶ食料品購入者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People expecting one national supermarket point"],"ja":["全国共通のスーパーポイントを期待する人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not switch primary supermarkets just for points — convenience and price matter more."],"ja":["ポイントだけで主要スーパーを変えないこと。利便性と価格のほうが重要です。"]},"faqs":["rewards-supermarket-best","rewards-waon-vs-nanaco"],"sources":["waon-point","nanaco-points","rakuten-point"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["waon-point-guide","nanaco-points-guide","family-rewards"]},{"slug":"electronics-store-points","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Electronics-store points (Bic, Yodobashi, Yamada)","ja":"家電量販店のポイント（ビック・ヨドバシ・ヤマダ）"},"summary":{"en":"How high electronics-store point rates work, and why the final cash price still matters most.","ja":"家電量販店の高い還元率の仕組みと、最終的な現金価格が最も重要な理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Chains like Yodobashi and Bic Camera award high store points (often ~10% on cash), but card payment can lower the rate and rival stores may have a lower cash price — compare the final price, warranty, and points together.","ja":"ヨドバシやビックカメラは高い店ポイント（現金で約10%が多い）を付けますが、カード払いで率が下がることがあり、他店の現金価格が安いこともあります。最終価格・保証・ポイントを合わせて比較しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Yodobashi Gold Point and BicCamera points can be high (often ~10% on cash).","Yamada, Edion, Joshin, and K’s run their own point cards.","Card payment can reduce the store-point rate on some products.","Bic Camera Suica cards combine store points with Suica/JRE functions.","Compare final cash price, warranty, and points — not the headline percentage alone."],"ja":["ヨドバシのゴールドポイントやビックカメラのポイントは高い（現金で約10%が多い）。","ヤマダ・エディオン・ジョーシン・ケーズは独自のポイントカード。","カード払いで店ポイント率が下がる商品がある。","ビックカメラSuicaカードは店ポイントとSuica／JRE機能を結ぶ。","表面的な%だけでなく、最終現金価格・保証・ポイントを比較。"]},"sections":[{"id":"rates","heading":{"en":"How electronics points work","ja":"家電ポイントの仕組み"},"body":{"en":["Electronics chains give unusually high store-point rates — Yodobashi’s Gold Point and BicCamera points are commonly around 10% when you pay by cash — and Yamada, Edion, Joshin, and K’s Denki run their own cards, typically near 1% or with promotional discount days. The catch is that paying by credit card can lower the store-point rate on some products, because the store shares the card-network cost. Bic Camera Suica cards are a useful hybrid, combining store points with Suica and JRE POINT functionality."],"ja":["家電チェーンは異例に高い店ポイント率を付けます。ヨドバシのゴールドポイントやビックカメラのポイントは現金払いで約10%が一般的で、ヤマダ・エディオン・ジョーシン・ケーズデンキは独自カード（通常1%前後や割引の日）を持ちます。落とし穴は、クレジットカードで払うと商品によって店ポイント率が下がることです。店がカード網のコストを負担するためです。ビックカメラSuicaカードは、店ポイントとSuica・JRE POINT機能を結ぶ便利なハイブリッドです。"]}},{"id":"compare","heading":{"en":"Why the final price matters most","ja":"最終価格が最も重要な理由"},"body":{"en":["A higher headline point rate is not automatically the better deal. Store-point rates can differ by product and payment method, so you should compare the final cash price after points, the warranty, and any reduced-point payment method across retailers. Buying from a more expensive store for more points rarely wins unless the usable reward and other benefits exceed the price gap. Point-reduced payment (paying partly with existing points) can also change which method earns most."],"ja":["表面的な還元率が高いほど得とは限りません。店ポイント率は商品や決済方法で異なるため、ポイント後の最終現金価格・保証・ポイント減額の決済方法を店ごとに比較すべきです。ポイント目当てで高い店から買うのは、使える特典と他の利点が価格差を上回らない限り、めったに得になりません。ポイント払い（一部を既存ポイントで払う）も、どの方法が最も貯まるかを変えることがあります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Gadget and appliance shoppers"],"ja":["家電・ガジェットの購入者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People assuming the highest % is always best"],"ja":["最高%が常に最良と考える人"]},"warnings":{"en":["A higher point rate can hide a higher cash price — always compare the delivered price."],"ja":["高い還元率が高い現金価格を隠すことがあります。必ず支払総額を比較。"]},"faqs":["rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points"],"sources":["view-card"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["bic-camera-suica-card","stacking-credit-qr-store"]},{"slug":"fuel-points-automobile","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Fuel and automobile rewards","ja":"給油・自動車の特典"},"summary":{"en":"How fuel-chain points work and why yen-per-litre discounts should be converted to a percentage.","ja":"給油チェーンのポイントの仕組みと、1リットルあたりの値引きを%に換算すべき理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Fuel chains link to points (ENEOS, Idemitsu/Ponta or Rakuten, Cosmo) and proprietary fuel cards; convert any yen-per-litre discount into an effective percentage at the current pump price, and value a nearby station over theoretical network breadth.","ja":"給油チェーンはポイント（ENEOS、出光/Ponta・楽天、コスモ）や独自の給油カードと連携します。1リットルあたりの値引きは現在の店頭価格で%に換算し、理論上の網羅性より近い店を評価しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["ENEOS-linked programs and cards; Idemitsu relates to Ponta or Rakuten.","Cosmo and proprietary fuel cards offer per-litre discounts.","Convert yen-per-litre discounts into an effective percentage at pump price.","A nearby station usually matters more than network breadth.","Car rental and maintenance chains (e.g. Autobacs) run their own points."],"ja":["ENEOS連携のプログラム・カード。出光はPontaや楽天と関係。","コスモや独自の給油カードは1リットルあたりの値引きを提供。","1リットルあたりの値引きは店頭価格で実質%に換算。","近い店のほうが網羅性より重要なことが多い。","レンタカーや整備チェーン（オートバックスなど）は独自ポイント。"]},"sections":[{"id":"fuel","heading":{"en":"Fuel-chain points and cards","ja":"給油チェーンのポイントとカード"},"body":{"en":["Fuel rewards come in two forms: national point participation and proprietary fuel cards. ENEOS links to point programs and its own cards; Idemitsu (apollostation) relates to Ponta or Rakuten depending on the offer; Cosmo and others run proprietary cards. A fuel card often gives a per-litre discount rather than a percentage, which makes comparison confusing. The correct method is to convert the yen-per-litre discount into an effective percentage at the current pump price, then compare it with a general 1% card."],"ja":["給油の特典は2種類あります。全国ポイントへの参加と、独自の給油カードです。ENEOSはポイントプログラムと自社カードに連携し、出光（apollostation）は内容によりPontaや楽天に関係し、コスモなどは独自カードを持ちます。給油カードは%ではなく1リットルあたりの値引きのことが多く、比較が分かりにくくなります。正しい方法は、1リットルあたりの値引きを現在の店頭価格で実質%に換算し、一般的な1%カードと比べることです。"]}},{"id":"auto","heading":{"en":"Location, rental, and maintenance","ja":"立地・レンタカー・整備"},"body":{"en":["For fuel, a nearby station with a pump-price discount usually matters more than a theoretically broader network — the time and detour cost of driving to a distant station can erase the reward. Car rental (Times, Nippon Rent-A-Car) and maintenance chains (Autobacs) run their own point cards, which are worth joining only if you use them regularly. As always, treat these rewards as a discount on driving you would do anyway."],"ja":["給油では、店頭価格の値引きがある近い店のほうが、理論上広い網より重要なことが多いです。遠い店まで走る時間と回り道のコストが特典を打ち消し得ます。レンタカー（タイムズ、ニッポンレンタカー）や整備チェーン（オートバックス）は独自のポイントカードを持ち、定期的に使う場合のみ入る価値があります。いつも通り、これらの特典はどのみち行う運転への割引として扱いましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Drivers and fuel-card users"],"ja":["ドライバーと給油カード利用者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who rarely drive"],"ja":["ほとんど運転しない人"]},"warnings":{"en":["A per-litre discount at a distant station can cost more in fuel and time than it saves."],"ja":["遠い店の1リットル値引きは、燃料と時間で節約分を超えることがあります。"]},"faqs":["rewards-fuel-percentage"],"sources":["ponta-official","rakuten-point"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["ponta-points-guide"]},{"slug":"restaurant-points-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Restaurant and food-delivery rewards","ja":"飲食店・フードデリバリーの特典"},"summary":{"en":"Why app coupons usually beat base points at restaurants, and how delivery markups eat rewards.","ja":"飲食店でアプリクーポンが基本ポイントに勝る理由と、デリバリーの上乗せが特典を食う仕組み。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Most dining has no unified points program; chain apps and mobile-order coupons usually beat base points, and food-delivery markups and fees often exceed the points earned — pay with a rewarding card and use coupons.","ja":"外食に統一ポイントはほぼなく、チェーンのアプリやモバイルオーダーのクーポンが基本ポイントに勝るのが普通で、デリバリーの上乗せや手数料は得たポイントを超えがちです。還元のあるカードで払い、クーポンを使いましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["No major unified restaurant point program in Japan.","Chain apps (Starbucks Rewards, Sukiya/Zensho, McDonald’s) and coupons add value.","Mobile-order coupons often beat base points but may reduce card-point-eligible spend.","Food delivery (Uber Eats, Wolt, Demae-can) is coupon-driven; markups can exceed points.","National point partners still let you earn on the card or QR payment."],"ja":["日本に主要な統一飲食ポイントはない。","チェーンのアプリ（スタバ・すき家／ゼンショー・マクドナルド）やクーポンが価値を加える。","モバイルオーダーのクーポンは基本ポイントに勝るが、カードポイント対象額を減らすことも。","デリバリー（Uber Eats・Wolt・出前館）はクーポン中心。上乗せがポイントを超え得る。","全国ポイント提携でも、カードやQR決済では貯められる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"dining","heading":{"en":"Restaurants: apps and coupons over base points","ja":"飲食店：基本ポイントよりアプリとクーポン"},"body":{"en":["There is no major unified restaurant loyalty program in Japan, so value comes from chain-specific apps and national point partners. Starbucks Rewards, the Zensho/Sukiya apps, McDonald’s, and mobile-order campaigns frequently produce greater value than base points — but a coupon may reduce the amount on which card points are calculated. The practical move is to use the chain app’s coupon, then pay with a rewarding card or QR wallet where the merchant is a point partner, so you still earn the payment reward."],"ja":["日本に主要な統一飲食ロイヤリティはないため、価値はチェーン固有のアプリと全国ポイント提携から来ます。スターバックスリワード、ゼンショー／すき家のアプリ、マクドナルド、モバイルオーダーのキャンペーンは、基本ポイントより価値が大きいことが多いですが、クーポンでカードポイントの計算対象額が減ることがあります。実用的には、チェーンアプリのクーポンを使い、その店がポイント提携なら還元のあるカードやQRウォレットで払い、決済の特典を得ることです。"]}},{"id":"delivery","heading":{"en":"Food delivery: watch the markup","ja":"フードデリバリー：上乗せに注意"},"body":{"en":["Food delivery apps such as Uber Eats, Wolt, and Demae-can are driven by temporary coupons rather than a steady base reward. The important caution is economic, not point-related: delivery menu markups, delivery fees, and service fees can easily exceed any points earned. Compare the menu price, delivery fee, service fee, and coupon value against ordering directly or picking up. Points should never justify a delivery you would not otherwise pay for."],"ja":["Uber Eats・Wolt・出前館などのデリバリーアプリは、安定した基本還元より一時的なクーポンが中心です。重要な注意はポイントではなく経済面です。デリバリーのメニュー上乗せ・配達料・サービス料は、得たポイントを容易に超え得ます。メニュー価格・配達料・サービス料・クーポン価値を、直接注文や店頭受け取りと比べましょう。ポイントが、そうでなければ払わないデリバリーを正当化してはいけません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Dining-out and food-ordering customers"],"ja":["外食・フード注文の利用者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People expecting a unified restaurant program"],"ja":["統一飲食プログラムを期待する人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Delivery markups and fees frequently exceed the points earned — compare the total."],"ja":["デリバリーの上乗せと手数料は得たポイントを超えがち。総額で比較を。"]},"faqs":["rewards-food-delivery-worth"],"sources":["rakuten-point","dpoint-official"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["stacking-credit-qr-store"]},{"slug":"ecommerce-points-programs","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"E-commerce marketplace points","ja":"ECモールのポイント"},"summary":{"en":"How Rakuten Ichiba, Amazon Japan, Yahoo Shopping, and au PAY Market points compare.","ja":"楽天市場・Amazon Japan・Yahoo!ショッピング・au PAYマーケットのポイント比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Rakuten Ichiba earns Rakuten Points plus SPU, Yahoo Shopping earns PayPay Points (strong with PayPay Card), Amazon Japan earns modest Amazon points, and au PAY Market earns Ponta — compare the delivered price after coupons, shipping, and points.","ja":"楽天市場は楽天ポイント＋SPU、Yahoo!ショッピングはPayPayポイント（PayPayカードで強力）、Amazon Japanは控えめなAmazonポイント、au PAYマーケットはPonta。クーポン・送料・ポイント後の支払総額で比較しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Rakuten Ichiba: Rakuten Points (1% base) plus SPU multipliers and campaigns.","Yahoo Shopping: PayPay Points, boosted by PayPay Card and weekly coupons.","Amazon Japan: modest Amazon points, often higher with a linked Mastercard.","au PAY Market (Wowma): Ponta/au points, integrated with au services.","Compare the delivered price after coupons, shipping, and points — not the point rate alone."],"ja":["楽天市場：楽天ポイント（基本1%）＋SPU倍率・キャンペーン。","Yahoo!ショッピング：PayPayポイント。PayPayカードや週次クーポンで増加。","Amazon Japan：控えめなAmazonポイント。連携Mastercardで高くなることも。","au PAYマーケット（Wowma）：Ponta／auポイント。auサービスと連携。","ポイント率だけでなく、クーポン・送料・ポイント後の支払総額で比較。"]},"sections":[{"id":"compare","heading":{"en":"How the major marketplaces earn","ja":"主要モールの貯め方"},"body":{"en":["Rakuten Ichiba earns Rakuten Points at a 1% base plus SPU multipliers and periodic mega-campaigns, so integrated Rakuten users can exceed a general card. Yahoo Shopping earns PayPay Points, and pairing it with the PayPay Card and weekly coupons can produce a high combined return. Amazon Japan earns modest Amazon points on eligible items, sometimes higher with a linked Mastercard. au PAY Market (formerly Wowma) earns Ponta/au points and suits au customers. Ecosystem bonuses can beat general-card rewards, but caps and prices must be compared."],"ja":["楽天市場は基本1%の楽天ポイントにSPU倍率と定期の大型キャンペーンが加わり、楽天に集中する人は汎用カードを上回れます。Yahoo!ショッピングはPayPayポイントで、PayPayカードや週次クーポンと組み合わせると高い合計還元になります。Amazon JapanはAmazonポイントを対象商品に控えめに付け、連携Mastercardで高くなることもあります。au PAYマーケット（旧Wowma）はPonta／auポイントでau利用者に合います。経済圏ボーナスは汎用カードを上回り得ますが、上限と価格を比較すべきです。"]}},{"id":"price","heading":{"en":"Compare the delivered price","ja":"支払総額で比較する"},"body":{"en":["Marketplace campaigns often require entry and have low caps, and headline point rates can distract from the total cost. Compare the item’s delivered price after coupons, shipping, and points across marketplaces, and prefer the ecosystem you already concentrate in so the points stay useful. For Rakuten, remember that several SPU and campaign components are limited-time points that expire faster and are usually non-transferable, so discount them when comparing."],"ja":["モールのキャンペーンはエントリーが必要で上限が低いことが多く、表面的な還元率は総コストから注意をそらします。商品の支払総額を、クーポン・送料・ポイント後にモール横断で比較し、ポイントが有用に保てるよう既に集中している経済圏を優先しましょう。楽天では、いくつかのSPU・キャンペーン分が失効の早い期間限定ポイントで、通常交換できない点を思い出し、比較時は割り引きましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Online shoppers choosing a marketplace"],"ja":["モールを選ぶオンライン購入者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People chasing every marketplace campaign"],"ja":["あらゆるモールのキャンペーンを追う人"]},"warnings":{"en":["A high point rate can mask a higher price — compare the delivered total."],"ja":["高い還元率が高い価格を隠すことがあります。支払総額で比較を。"]},"faqs":["rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon","rewards-rakuten-spu"],"sources":["rakuten-point","rakuten-spu","paypay-points","ponta-official"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["compare-point-ecosystems","ecommerce-stacking"]},{"slug":"bank-brokerage-rewards","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Bank and brokerage rewards","ja":"銀行・証券の特典"},"summary":{"en":"How banks and brokerages award points, and why suitability comes before the reward.","ja":"銀行・証券がポイントを付ける仕組みと、特典より適合性が先である理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Banks award points for salary deposits, direct debits, or balances, and brokerages (SBI/V Points, Rakuten Securities/Rakuten Points, eSmart/Ponta) reward card-funded investing — but caps, fund fees, and suitability come before points.","ja":"銀行は給与振込・口座振替・残高でポイントを付け、証券（SBI/Vポイント、楽天証券/楽天ポイント、eSmart/Ponta）はクレカ積立に還元します。ただし上限・信託報酬・適合性がポイントより先です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Banks may award points for salary deposits, direct debits, or balances.","SBI Securities pairs with V Points; Rakuten Securities with Rakuten Points.","eSmart Securities (au Kabucom successor) pairs with Ponta.","Card-funded investing has monthly caps, fund restrictions, and spend conditions.","Investment suitability, fees, and risk come before points — always."],"ja":["銀行は給与振込・口座振替・残高でポイントを付けることがある。","SBI証券はVポイント、楽天証券は楽天ポイントと連携。","eSmart証券（auカブコムの後継）はPontaと連携。","クレカ積立は月間上限・対象ファンド・利用条件がある。","投資の適合性・手数料・リスクがポイントより常に先。"]},"sections":[{"id":"banks","heading":{"en":"Bank rewards","ja":"銀行の特典"},"body":{"en":["Several banks award points for relationship activity — salary deposits, direct debits, and account balances — including Rakuten Bank, SMBC/Olive, au Jibun Bank, and PayPay Bank. These can be a genuine bonus if you already bank there, but changing banks solely for a small reward can create operational risk (fee changes, transfer friction, and account-setup effort). Treat bank points as a tie-breaker between otherwise suitable accounts, not a reason to move your primary banking."],"ja":["いくつかの銀行は取引関係（給与振込・口座振替・口座残高）にポイントを付けます。楽天銀行・SMBC／Olive・auじぶん銀行・PayPay銀行などです。既にそこで取引しているなら本当のボーナスになり得ますが、わずかな特典だけで銀行を変えると運用リスク（手数料の変化・振込の手間・口座開設の労力）が生じます。銀行ポイントは、他が同等に適した口座間のタイブレークとして扱い、主要な銀行取引を移す理由にはしないでください。"]}},{"id":"brokerage","heading":{"en":"Brokerage and card-funded investing","ja":"証券とクレカ積立"},"body":{"en":["Brokerages reward card-funded fund purchases: SBI Securities pairs with V Points and SMBC cards, Rakuten Securities with Rakuten Points, and eSmart Securities (the au Kabucom successor) with Ponta. Published maximum rates depend on card tier and annual-spend or service conditions and are not the ordinary rate for most users; monthly investment limits also apply. Critically, this is not free yield — market risk, fund expense ratios, card fees, and caps all remain. Choose the fund and platform on suitability and total cost first, and treat points as a secondary tie-breaker."],"ja":["証券会社はクレカ積立に還元します。SBI証券はVポイントとSMBCカード、楽天証券は楽天ポイント、eSmart証券（auカブコムの後継）はPontaと連携します。表示上の最大率はカードのランクや年間利用・サービス条件次第で、多くの利用者の通常率ではありません。月間の積立上限もあります。重要なのは、これは無リスクの利回りではないことです。市場リスク・信託報酬・カード年会費・上限は残ります。ファンドとプラットフォームはまず適合性と総コストで選び、ポイントは二次的なタイブレークとして扱いましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Bank account holders and investors"],"ja":["銀行口座保有者と投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["People choosing investments primarily for points"],"ja":["ポイントを主目的に投資を選ぶ人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never buy a higher-fee fund or a premium card merely to earn more points."],"ja":["ポイントのためだけに、手数料の高いファンドや上位カードを選ばないこと。"]},"faqs":["rewards-card-investing","rewards-card-investing-risk"],"sources":["sbi-vpoint-invest","rakuten-card-terms","aupay-card"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["annual-fee-calculator","v-points-guide"]},{"slug":"global-point-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-13","title":{"en":"Global Point (Mitsubishi UFJ Card) guide","ja":"グローバルポイント（三菱UFJカード）ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"How Global Point is earned on Mitsubishi UFJ Card products, what a point is worth by redemption route, and the two-year expiry rule.","ja":"三菱UFJカードで貯まるグローバルポイントの貯め方、交換先ごとの価値、2年の有効期限を解説。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Global Point is the Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS card currency: roughly 1 point per ¥1,000 of monthly spend, worth about ¥5 on the better redemption routes, expiring two years after it is earned.","ja":"グローバルポイントは三菱UFJニコスのカードポイントで、月間利用1,000円につき約1ポイント、有利な交換先で1ポイント約5円相当、獲得から2年で失効します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Operator: Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS; earned on Mitsubishi UFJ Card products including VIASO and the gold/platinum tiers.","Base earning is about 1 point per ¥1,000 of monthly spend — the total is summed before rounding, so small purchases still count.","A point is worth roughly ¥5 on the stronger exchange routes, which puts the base return near 0.5%.","Points expire two years after the month they are earned; there is no activity-based extension.","The POINT名人.com mall and named merchant programs multiply earning, but only through the stated route."],"ja":["運営：三菱UFJニコス。VIASOやゴールド・プラチナを含む三菱UFJカードで貯まる。","基本は月間利用1,000円につき約1ポイント。月内の合計から端数処理するため少額利用も無駄になりにくい。","有利な交換先では1ポイント約5円相当で、基本還元は0.5%前後。","ポイントは獲得月から2年で失効し、利用による期限延長はない。","POINT名人.comや対象店舗プログラムで倍率が上がるが、所定の経路を通る必要がある。"]},"sections":[{"id":"earning","heading":{"en":"How Global Point is earned","ja":"グローバルポイントの貯め方"},"body":{"en":["Global Point is the reward currency of Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS credit cards, including the standard Mitsubishi UFJ Card, the VIASO card, Gold Prestige and the Platinum American Express tier. Base earning is stated as one point per ¥1,000 including tax, calculated on the monthly statement total rather than per transaction, so several small purchases in a month are added together before the remainder is dropped. Named merchant programs and the issuer’s POINT名人.com shopping mall raise the multiple substantially, but only when the purchase goes through the stated route or registered merchant — those uplifts are conditional and are not the base rate. The VIASO card is the exception worth knowing about: instead of manual redemption, its accumulated points are converted to a statement cashback once a year above a minimum threshold."],"ja":["グローバルポイントは三菱UFJニコス発行のクレジットカード（三菱UFJカード、VIASOカード、ゴールドプレステージ、プラチナ・アメリカン・エキスプレスなど）で貯まるポイントです。基本付与は税込1,000円につき1ポイントで、取引ごとではなく月間の請求合計に対して計算されるため、少額の買い物も月内で合算されてから端数が切り捨てられます。対象店舗プログラムや自社モールのPOINT名人.comを経由すると倍率が大きく上がりますが、所定の経路・登録店舗を通った場合に限られる条件付きの上乗せで、基本還元率ではありません。なお、VIASOカードだけは扱いが異なり、手動交換ではなく貯まったポイントが年1回、最低額以上でキャッシュバックとして自動精算されます。"]}},{"id":"value-expiry","heading":{"en":"What a point is worth, and when it dies","ja":"1ポイントの価値と失効"},"body":{"en":["Global Point does not have a single fixed value — it depends on where you send it. Exchanges into other loyalty currencies and gift cards are commonly quoted at around ¥5 per point, which is what puts the base earn rate near 0.5% in real terms; weaker routes are worth less, so comparing “1 point per ¥1,000” against a program that pays 1 point per ¥100 tells you nothing until both are converted to yen. The expiry rule is the part that catches people: points lapse two years after the month in which they were earned, and unlike Rakuten Points there is no mechanism where continued activity extends an older balance. Practically, that means checking the balance and its expiry schedule at least once a year rather than treating the account as a savings pot. Redemption options published by the issuer include statement credits, gift cards, transfers to partner point programs and airline miles, each with its own rate and minimum exchange unit."],"ja":["グローバルポイントに固定の価値はなく、交換先によって変わります。他社ポイントやギフトカードへの交換ではおおむね1ポイント5円相当とされることが多く、これが基本還元率を実質0.5%前後にしています。価値の低い交換先を選べばそれだけ下がるため、「1,000円で1ポイント」と「100円で1ポイント」を並べても、円に換算するまでは比較になりません。注意が必要なのは有効期限で、ポイントは獲得月から2年で失効し、楽天ポイントのように利用を続ければ古い残高の期限が延びる仕組みはありません。実務的には、貯金箱のように放置せず、年に一度は残高と失効予定を確認する必要があります。交換先としては、支払への充当、ギフトカード、提携ポイントプログラムや航空マイルへの移行などが案内されており、それぞれ交換率と最低交換単位が異なります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Mitsubishi UFJ Card holders and MUFG main-bank customers"],"ja":["三菱UFJカード利用者、三菱UFJ銀行をメインにしている人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who want a point that never expires or converts at a flat ¥1"],"ja":["無期限のポイントや1ポイント=1円の分かりやすさを求める人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Points expire two years after they are earned and activity does not extend them — check the expiry schedule yearly."],"ja":["ポイントは獲得から2年で失効し、利用しても期限は延びない。年1回は失効予定を確認する。"]},"faqs":["points-value","points-expiry"],"sources":["mufg-global-point","mufg-point-service","mitsubishi-ufj-card-rewards"],"relatedProducts":["mitsubishi-ufj-card","mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige","mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso"],"relatedArticles":["point-value-expiry","compare-point-ecosystems","redeem-points-guide"]},{"slug":"j-point-jcb-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-13","title":{"en":"J-POINT (JCB) guide","ja":"J-POINT（JCB）ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"What replaced Oki Doki points in January 2026, how J-POINT is earned on JCB cards, and how redemption value varies by route.","ja":"2026年1月にOki Dokiポイントから移行したJ-POINTの貯め方と、交換先による価値の違いを解説。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"J-POINT is JCB’s card currency since January 2026, replacing Oki Doki points; existing balances were converted automatically, and redemption value still varies sharply by exchange route.","ja":"J-POINTは2026年1月にOki Dokiポイントから切り替わったJCBのポイントで、既存残高は自動移行され、交換先による価値の差は依然として大きいです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Operator: JCB; J-POINT replaced Oki Doki points on 13 January 2026 and balances were converted automatically.","Earning is calculated on the monthly statement total, so small purchases are not discarded transaction by transaction.","JCB Card W and W plus L earn at an enhanced base multiple compared with ordinary JCB cards.","The J-POINT Mall (formerly Oki Doki Land) multiplies earning at partner shops, but only via that route.","Redemption value differs a lot by option — compare in yen, not in points."],"ja":["運営：JCB。2026年1月13日にOki DokiポイントからJ-POINTへ移行し、残高は自動で換算された。","付与は月間の請求合計に対して計算され、取引ごとに端数が切り捨てられるわけではない。","JCBカードW・W plus Lは一般のJCBカードより基本倍率が優遇される。","J-POINTモール（旧Oki Dokiランド）経由で提携店の倍率が上がるが、経路を通る必要がある。","交換先で価値が大きく変わるため、ポイント数ではなく円換算で比較する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"renewal","heading":{"en":"From Oki Doki points to J-POINT","ja":"Oki DokiポイントからJ-POINTへ"},"body":{"en":["JCB renewed its long-running Oki Doki point program as J-POINT on 13 January 2026. Members did not need to do anything: existing Oki Doki balances were converted automatically at the announced ratio, and the shopping mall was rebranded from Oki Doki Land to the J-POINT Mall. Because the conversion changed the number of points a balance is expressed in, older third-party articles quoting Oki Doki exchange rates — “1,000-yen gift card for 300 points” and similar — are no longer a safe guide to what a J-POINT balance buys. Check the current exchange table on JCB’s own program page before assuming a redemption is worthwhile."],"ja":["JCBは長年運用してきたOki Dokiポイントを、2026年1月13日にJ-POINTとしてリニューアルしました。会員側の手続きは不要で、既存のOki Doki残高は公表された比率で自動的に換算され、ショッピングモールもOki DokiランドからJ-POINTモールへ変わりました。この換算で残高の「ポイント数」の桁が変わったため、「1,000円分のギフトカードが300ポイント」といった旧Oki Doki時代の交換レートを引用した第三者記事は、いまのJ-POINT残高で何が買えるかの目安になりません。交換が得かどうかを判断する前に、JCBのプログラムページで現行の交換レートを確認してください。"]}},{"id":"earning-value","heading":{"en":"Earning and redeeming","ja":"貯め方と使い方"},"body":{"en":["Points are calculated on the monthly card-use total rather than per transaction, so a month of small purchases still accrues. The base multiple depends on the card: JCB Card W and JCB Card W plus L earn at an enhanced rate relative to ordinary JCB cards, while the gold, premier and top tiers are weighted to services rather than to a higher base rate. Partner merchants and the J-POINT Mall raise the multiple, but only for purchases made through the stated route, and campaign awards are separate from the base again. On the redemption side, the range of options — gift cards, statement credits, partner point programs and airline miles including ANA and JAL — carries very different effective values, and the miles routes usually depend on which conversion course you have enrolled in. As with every issuer currency, convert both sides to yen before deciding whether a card that “gives more points” actually pays more."],"ja":["ポイントは取引ごとではなく月間のカード利用合計に対して計算されるため、少額利用が続いた月でも貯まります。基本倍率はカードによって異なり、JCBカードWとJCBカード W plus Lは一般のJCBカードより優遇される一方、ゴールド以上の上位ランクは基本倍率ではなくサービス面に重心があります。提携店やJ-POINTモールを経由すると倍率が上がりますが、所定の経路を通った利用に限られ、キャンペーンの付与はさらに別枠です。使い道はギフトカード、支払への充当、提携ポイント、ANA・JALを含む航空マイルなど幅広く、実質価値は交換先で大きく異なります。マイルへの移行は加入している移行コースに左右されるのが通常です。他の発行会社のポイントと同じく、「ポイントが多く付く」カードが本当に得かどうかは、双方を円に換算してから判断してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["JCB cardholders and people choosing between JCB tiers"],"ja":["JCBカード利用者、JCBのランク選びを検討している人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who mainly need overseas acceptance breadth"],"ja":["海外での利用可能店の広さを最優先する人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Exchange rates quoted in pre-2026 articles refer to Oki Doki points, not J-POINT — check the current table."],"ja":["2026年より前の記事の交換レートはOki Dokiポイント基準で、J-POINTには当てはまらない。現行表を確認する。"]},"faqs":["points-value","rewards-point-value"],"sources":["jcb-jpoint","jcb-jpoint-renewal","jcb-card-w-rewards"],"relatedProducts":["jcb-card-w","jcb-card-s","jcb-gold"],"relatedArticles":["jcb-card-w","point-value-expiry","compare-point-ecosystems"]},{"slug":"eikyu-fumetsu-points-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-13","title":{"en":"Permanent Points (Saison Eikyu Fumetsu) guide","ja":"永久不滅ポイント（セゾン）ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"Credit Saison’s no-expiry point currency: how it is earned, what a point is actually worth, and where the “永久不滅” promise stops.","ja":"有効期限のないクレディセゾンのポイント。貯め方、実際の価値、「永久不滅」の限界を解説。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Permanent Points are Credit Saison’s card currency and carry no expiry date while your membership is valid; earning is about 1 point per ¥1,000, and a point is worth roughly ¥5 on the better routes.","ja":"永久不滅ポイントはクレディセゾンのポイントで、会員資格が有効な間は失効しません。付与は1,000円につき約1ポイント、有利な交換先で1ポイント約5円相当です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Operator: Credit Saison; earned across the Saison card range including the Saison Amex products.","No expiry date while the membership remains valid — the headline feature of the program.","Base earning is about 1 point per ¥1,000 of monthly spend, worth roughly ¥5 on stronger routes (~0.5%).","Saison Pearl Amex pays an elevated rate on QUICPay via Apple Pay / Google Pay, subject to an annual cap.","“No expiry” applies to the points, not the card — points are lost if the membership ends."],"ja":["運営：クレディセゾン。セゾン・アメックスを含むセゾンカード全般で貯まる。","会員資格が有効な間は有効期限がない点がプログラムの目玉。","基本は月間利用1,000円につき約1ポイントで、有利な交換先では約5円相当（約0.5%）。","セゾンパール・アメックスはApple Pay／Google PayのQUICPayで年間上限つきの優遇還元。","「無期限」なのはポイントであってカードではない。会員資格を失えばポイントも失う。"]},"sections":[{"id":"earning","heading":{"en":"How Permanent Points are earned","ja":"永久不滅ポイントの貯め方"},"body":{"en":["Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) are the currency of Credit Saison cards, from the no-fee Saison Card International through the Saison Amex range to the gold and platinum tiers. Base accrual is one point per ¥1,000 including tax of eligible monthly spend, calculated on the monthly total. Individual cards then layer conditional uplifts on top: the Saison Pearl American Express card pays an elevated rate — published as up to about 2% in value — on QUICPay payments routed through Apple Pay or Google Pay, up to an annual spending cap, and the Rose Gold and Gold Associé products apply higher multiples to overseas spend or to member-selected categories. Those uplifts each depend on the stated payment route, registration or category, so they should never be read as the card’s base rate."],"ja":["永久不滅ポイントは、年会費無料のセゾンカードインターナショナルからセゾン・アメックス各種、ゴールド・プラチナまで、クレディセゾンのカードで共通に貯まるポイントです。基本付与は対象利用の月間合計、税込1,000円につき1ポイントです。その上に、カードごとの条件付き優遇が乗ります。セゾンパール・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードはApple PayまたはGoogle Pay経由のQUICPay利用に対し、年間の利用上限つきで最大約2%相当と公表される優遇を適用し、ローズゴールドやゴールド・アソシエは海外利用や会員が選んだカテゴリーに高い倍率を設定しています。これらはいずれも決済経路・登録・対象カテゴリーの条件付きであり、カードの基本還元率として読むべきではありません。"]}},{"id":"value","heading":{"en":"What “no expiry” is really worth","ja":"「無期限」の実際の価値"},"body":{"en":["The distinguishing feature is that points do not expire. That genuinely removes the most common way people lose value — a balance quietly lapsing — and it makes the program a reasonable fit for someone whose card spending is light or irregular. Two caveats matter. First, the promise attaches to the points, not to your relationship with the issuer: if the membership ends, whether by cancellation or otherwise, the balance goes with it, so “permanent” is not the same as “yours forever regardless”. Second, no expiry does not raise the exchange rate. Points redeem for items, gift cards, other loyalty currencies, airline miles and statement credits, and the effective value per point varies by route, commonly landing around ¥5 on the stronger options — which is what puts the base return near 0.5%. A card that never lets points lapse but pays 0.5% is still beaten, on pure return, by a 1% card whose points you actually spend."],"ja":["このプログラムの特徴は、ポイントが失効しないことです。ポイントを失う最も一般的な原因である「気づかないうちの期限切れ」がなくなるため、カード利用が少なめ・不定期な人には合理的な選択肢になります。ただし注意点が2つあります。第一に、無期限なのはポイントであって発行会社との関係ではありません。解約などで会員資格がなくなれば残高も失われるため、「永久不滅」は「何があっても自分のもの」という意味ではありません。第二に、無期限であることは交換レートを上げません。ポイントはアイテム、ギフトカード、他社ポイント、航空マイル、支払への充当などに交換でき、1ポイントあたりの実質価値は交換先によって変わり、有利な選択肢でおおむね5円前後です。これが基本還元を0.5%前後にしています。失効しないが0.5%のカードは、純粋な還元率では、実際に使い切る1%のカードに劣ります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Light or irregular card users who dislike tracking expiry dates"],"ja":["利用が少なめ・不定期で、有効期限の管理を避けたい人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People optimising purely for the highest headline earn rate"],"ja":["表面的な還元率の高さだけを最優先する人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Points survive time but not cancellation — closing the account forfeits the balance."],"ja":["ポイントは時間には強いが解約には弱い。退会すると残高は失われる。"]},"faqs":["rewards-no-expiry","points-expiry"],"sources":["saison-eikyu-fumetsu","saison-gold-amex","saison-card-digital-rewards"],"relatedProducts":["saison-card-digital","saison-pearl-amex-digital","saison-gold-premium"],"relatedArticles":["saison-gold-amex","point-value-expiry","compare-point-ecosystems"]},{"slug":"orico-point-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-13","title":{"en":"Orico Point guide","ja":"オリコポイントガイド"},"summary":{"en":"Orico’s point currency: a straightforward ¥1-per-point value, a high base rate on the THE POINT cards, and a short expiry window.","ja":"1ポイント1円で分かりやすいオリコのポイント。THE POINT系の高い基本還元と、短い有効期限を解説。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Orico Points are earned at about 1 point per ¥100 on the THE POINT family, redeem at roughly ¥1 each, and expire on a short published schedule — high rate, low patience.","ja":"オリコポイントはTHE POINT系で100円につき約1ポイント、1ポイント約1円で交換でき、有効期限は短めです。還元率は高いが放置には向きません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Operator: Orient Corporation (Orico); earned across the Orico card range.","The THE POINT family earns about 1% base, with a published introductory uplift for new members.","Points redeem at roughly ¥1 each for gift cards and other loyalty currencies — unusually easy to value.","THE PLATINUM pays at least about 1% year-round and about 2% in the member’s birthday month.","The expiry window is short compared with issuer programs like Saison — redeem regularly."],"ja":["運営：株式会社オリエントコーポレーション（オリコ）。オリコカード全般で貯まる。","THE POINT系は基本約1%で、入会後一定期間の優遇が公表されている。","ギフト券や他社ポイントへおおむね1ポイント1円で交換でき、価値が分かりやすい。","THE PLATINUMは常時約1%以上、誕生月は約2%。","セゾンなどに比べ有効期限が短いため、こまめな交換が必要。"]},"sections":[{"id":"earning","heading":{"en":"Earning across the Orico range","ja":"オリコカードでの貯まり方"},"body":{"en":["Orico Points are the reward currency of Orient Corporation’s credit cards. The THE POINT family — Orico Card THE POINT, THE POINT PREMIUM GOLD and the revolving-structured THE POINT UPty — is built around a roughly 1% base accrual with a published uplift during an introductory period after joining, which is why these cards show up on “high base rate, no annual fee” lists. Above them, Orico Card THE WORLD doubles the rate on overseas purchases relative to domestic use, and Orico Card THE PLATINUM holds at least about 1% year-round and lifts to about 2% during the member’s birthday month. Orico’s own online mall adds further multiples for purchases routed through it, on the usual condition that you start from the mall rather than the shop."],"ja":["オリコポイントは、オリエントコーポレーションのクレジットカードで貯まるポイントです。THE POINT系（Orico Card THE POINT、THE POINT PREMIUM GOLD、リボ構造のTHE POINT UPty）は基本約1%の付与に、入会後一定期間の優遇を組み合わせた設計で、「年会費無料で基本還元が高いカード」として挙げられるのはこのためです。その上位では、Orico Card THE WORLDが海外ショッピングの還元率を国内の2倍にし、Orico Card THE PLATINUMは常時約1%以上、誕生月は約2%に上がります。さらにオリコ自身のオンラインモールを経由すると倍率が加算されますが、店舗から直接ではなくモールを起点に購入することが条件です。"]}},{"id":"value-expiry","heading":{"en":"Value and the expiry trade-off","ja":"価値と有効期限のトレードオフ"},"body":{"en":["The strong point of Orico Points is legibility: they convert to gift cards and other loyalty currencies at roughly ¥1 per point, so “1 point per ¥100” really does mean about 1% without a conversion exercise. That is a meaningful advantage over issuer currencies quoted at 1 point per ¥1,000 whose real value depends on which exchange you pick. The trade-off is patience. Orico Points expire on a comparatively short published schedule, so a balance left untouched can lapse while you are still deciding what to redeem it for. The practical habit is to exchange in small, regular amounts rather than saving toward a large redemption — the opposite of the strategy that suits a no-expiry program. Note also that THE POINT UPty is a revolving-repayment card: earning the same points there while carrying a balance can cost far more in finance charges than the points are worth."],"ja":["オリコポイントの強みは分かりやすさです。ギフト券や他社ポイントへおおむね1ポイント1円で交換できるため、「100円につき1ポイント」がそのまま約1%を意味し、換算作業が要りません。1,000円につき1ポイントで、実際の価値が交換先次第という他社ポイントに比べ、これは実務上の利点です。代償は「待てないこと」です。オリコポイントは有効期限が比較的短く公表されているため、何に交換するか考えている間に残高が失効しかねません。大きな交換を目指して貯め込むより、少額でもこまめに交換するのが実践的で、無期限プログラムに適した戦略とは逆になります。また、THE POINT UPtyはリボ払い構造のカードである点にも注意してください。残高を繰り越しながら同じポイントを貯めても、手数料がポイントの価値を大きく上回ることがあります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People who want a high, easy-to-value base rate with no annual fee"],"ja":["年会費無料で、価値が分かりやすい高めの基本還元を求める人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who want to bank points for years before redeeming"],"ja":["何年も貯めてから交換したい人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Points expire on a short schedule — redeem in small amounts regularly rather than saving up."],"ja":["有効期限が短い。貯め込まず、少額でもこまめに交換する。"]},"faqs":["points-expiry","rewards-revolving"],"sources":["orico-point","orico-card-the-point-rewards"],"relatedProducts":["orico-card-the-point","orico-the-point-premium-gold","orico-card-the-gold-prime"],"relatedArticles":["point-value-expiry","best-programs-by-category","compare-point-ecosystems"]},{"slug":"epos-points-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-13","title":{"en":"Epos Points guide","ja":"エポスポイントガイド"},"summary":{"en":"The Marui-issued point currency: a ¥1-per-point value, a two-year expiry, and an upgrade path where the gold tier changes the maths.","ja":"丸井系のポイント。1ポイント1円、2年の有効期限、ゴールド昇格で採算が変わる仕組みを解説。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Epos Points are earned at about 1 point per ¥200 and redeem at roughly ¥1 each; the base rate is modest, and most of the program’s value sits in the gold-tier invitation and its bonus structure.","ja":"エポスポイントは200円につき約1ポイント、1ポイント約1円で交換できます。基本還元は控えめで、価値の多くはゴールド昇格とそのボーナス設計にあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Operator: Epos Card (Marui group); earned on the Epos card range.","Base earning is about 1 point per ¥200 of eligible spend — roughly 0.5% at a ¥1-per-point value.","Points ordinarily expire two years after they are added, with exceptions under issuer rules.","The gold tier can be reached by invitation, after which its annual fee is waived permanently.","Gold adds selectable bonus shops and an annual spend bonus that changes the effective rate materially."],"ja":["運営：株式会社エポスカード（丸井グループ）。エポスカード各種で貯まる。","基本は対象利用200円につき約1ポイントで、1ポイント1円換算で約0.5%。","ポイントは原則として加算日から2年で失効（発行会社の規定による例外あり）。","ゴールドは招待により年会費が永年無料になる経路がある。","ゴールドは選べるポイントアップショップと年間利用ボーナスで実質還元が大きく変わる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"earning","heading":{"en":"How the base program works","ja":"基本プログラムの仕組み"},"body":{"en":["Epos Points are the currency of Epos Card, the Marui group issuer. Base accrual on the standard no-fee card is about one point per ¥200 of eligible spend, and points are generally valued at ¥1 each when redeemed, which puts the plain base return near 0.5%. Partner shops and campaign offers award extra points on their own conditions, and those are separate from the base rate. Points ordinarily expire two years after they are credited; extensions and exceptions follow the issuer’s rules rather than an activity-based mechanism like Rakuten’s, so a dormant balance is genuinely at risk."],"ja":["エポスポイントは、丸井グループのエポスカードで貯まるポイントです。年会費無料の通常カードの基本付与は対象利用200円につき約1ポイントで、交換時はおおむね1ポイント1円として扱われるため、素の基本還元は0.5%前後になります。提携店やキャンペーンの上乗せはそれぞれの条件によるもので、基本還元とは別枠です。ポイントは原則として加算日から2年で失効し、延長や例外は発行会社の規定によります。楽天のように利用で期限が延びる仕組みではないため、放置した残高は実際に失効の危険があります。"]}},{"id":"gold","heading":{"en":"Why the gold tier changes the calculation","ja":"ゴールド昇格で採算が変わる理由"},"body":{"en":["Read on the base rate alone, Epos looks unremarkable. The program’s real structure is the upgrade path: cardholders who meet the issuer’s conditions can be invited to the gold tier, and on the invitation route the gold annual fee is waived permanently rather than charged each year. Gold then adds two things that move the effective rate — a set of shops the member selects for elevated earning, and a bonus tied to annual spend levels. For someone who routes ordinary household spending through the card and reaches those levels, the combination is worth substantially more than the 0.5% headline; for someone who does not, it is not. The honest framing is that Epos is a program whose value depends on reaching and using the gold tier, not on the entry card’s base rate. Note that neither the invitation nor its timing is something this site can predict — the issuer decides, and we make no claim about how easily any individual is invited."],"ja":["基本還元だけを見ると、エポスは平凡に見えます。このプログラムの実体は昇格の設計にあります。発行会社の条件を満たした会員はゴールドへの招待を受けることがあり、招待経由の場合、ゴールドの年会費は毎年かかるのではなく永年無料になります。ゴールドではさらに、会員が選ぶポイントアップ対象店と、年間利用額に応じたボーナスという2つの要素が加わり、実質還元率が動きます。日常の家計支出をカードに集約して年間利用額の水準に届く人にとっては、0.5%という表面値よりかなり有利になり、そうでない人には当てはまりません。正直に言えば、エポスは入門カードの基本還元率ではなく、ゴールドに到達して使いこなせるかで価値が決まるプログラムです。なお、招待の有無や時期を当サイトが予測することはできません。判断するのは発行会社であり、招待の受けやすさについて主張はしません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Marui shoppers and people willing to consolidate spend toward the gold tier"],"ja":["丸井を使う人、支出を集約してゴールドを目指せる人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who want a high base rate from the entry card alone"],"ja":["入門カードのままで高い基本還元を求める人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Points expire two years after they are added — dormant balances are lost, not extended."],"ja":["ポイントは加算から2年で失効する。放置した残高は延長されず失われる。"]},"faqs":["points-expiry","rewards-no-fee-cards"],"sources":["epos-point","epos-card-terms","epos-card-rewards"],"relatedProducts":["epos-card","epos-gold-card","epos-platinum-card"],"relatedArticles":["epos-card","point-value-expiry","compare-point-ecosystems"]},{"slug":"membership-rewards-japan-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-13","title":{"en":"Membership Rewards (Japan) guide","ja":"メンバーシップ・リワード（日本）ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"American Express Japan’s point program: how transfer partners rather than gift cards set the real value, and how expiry depends on enrolment.","ja":"アメックス日本のポイントプログラム。価値を決めるのはギフト券ではなく移行提携先で、有効期限は登録状況に左右されます。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Membership Rewards points are earned on American Express Japan cards; their value depends almost entirely on which transfer partner you use, and the expiry treatment depends on programme enrolment and activity.","ja":"メンバーシップ・リワードはアメックス日本のカードで貯まるポイントで、価値はどの移行提携先を使うかでほぼ決まり、有効期限の扱いはプログラム登録と利用状況によります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Operator: American Express International (Japan); earned across the Amex Japan card range.","Value is set by the redemption route — airline transfers usually beat statement credits by a wide margin.","Point-expiry treatment depends on programme enrolment and account activity, not a single fixed rule.","ANA transfers in particular are governed by their own enrolment, rate and annual-cap conditions.","Co-brand ANA Amex cards fold the transfer into the product rather than leaving it as an add-on."],"ja":["運営：アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル（日本）。アメックス日本のカード全般で貯まる。","価値は交換先で決まり、航空マイルへの移行が支払充当を大きく上回るのが通常。","有効期限の扱いは単一の固定ルールではなく、プログラム登録と利用状況による。","とくにANAへの移行は、登録・レート・年間上限の個別条件に従う。","ANA提携のアメックスは、移行を別オプションではなく商品側に組み込んでいる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"value","heading":{"en":"Transfer partners set the value","ja":"価値を決めるのは移行提携先"},"body":{"en":["Membership Rewards is the point program behind American Express Japan cards, from the Green Card through Gold Preferred and Platinum to the ANA co-brand products. Unlike a ¥1-per-point program, the earn rate tells you very little on its own: the same balance can be worth a modest amount as a statement credit and considerably more transferred to an airline partner and redeemed for a seat you would otherwise have paid cash for. That makes “which partner, at what rate, for which flight” the question that decides the program’s value, and it is why a Membership Rewards balance should be valued against a fare you would actually buy, minus award taxes and surcharges, rather than a fixed yen figure. Merchant-specific rates, bonus programmes and acquisition campaigns each carry separate conditions and should not be folded into the base rate."],"ja":["メンバーシップ・リワードは、グリーン・カードからゴールド・プリファード、プラチナ、ANA提携カードまで、アメックス日本のカードの背後にあるポイントプログラムです。1ポイント1円型のプログラムと違い、付与率だけを見てもほとんど意味がありません。同じ残高でも、支払充当なら控えめな金額にしかならず、航空提携先へ移行して本来現金で買っていた座席に充てれば、はるかに大きな価値になります。したがって価値を決めるのは「どの提携先に、どのレートで、どの便に使うか」であり、メンバーシップ・リワードの残高は固定の円換算ではなく、実際に購入する運賃から特典税・サーチャージを引いた額で評価すべきです。加盟店別の付与率、ボーナスプログラム、入会キャンペーンはそれぞれ別条件であり、基本還元に混ぜて考えるべきではありません。"]}},{"id":"expiry-ana","heading":{"en":"Expiry, enrolment, and the ANA route","ja":"有効期限・登録・ANAルート"},"body":{"en":["Point-expiry treatment under Membership Rewards is not a single fixed rule: it depends on the programme options you are enrolled in and on account activity, and the terms have been revised over time, so the current member terms are the only safe reference. The same applies to transfers. Moving points to ANA miles at the favourable rate has historically depended on a paid enrolment, and annual transfer caps have applied — conditions that materially change how much of a large balance you can actually use in a year. The ANA co-brand Amex cards approach this differently by folding mile transfer into the product itself, with the gold tier including it rather than charging for it as an add-on, and the Diners-issued ANA card sits in a similar premium space with its own point rules. Before choosing a card on the strength of a transfer ratio, confirm the current enrolment requirement, rate and cap in the issuer’s own terms."],"ja":["メンバーシップ・リワードのポイント有効期限の扱いは、単一の固定ルールではありません。加入しているプログラムオプションと口座の利用状況によって変わり、規約も時期により改定されているため、安全な参照先は現行の会員規約だけです。移行についても同様です。有利なレートでANAマイルへ移行するには従来、有料プログラムへの登録が前提とされ、年間の移行上限も設定されてきました。これは、大きな残高を1年でどれだけ実際に使えるかを大きく左右する条件です。ANA提携のアメックスはこの点を別扱いにしており、マイル移行を別オプションではなく商品側に組み込み、ゴールドでは追加費用としてではなく標準で含めています。ダイナース発行のANAカードも同様の上位帯に位置し、独自のポイント規定を持ちます。移行比率の良さでカードを選ぶ前に、現行の登録要件・レート・上限を発行会社の規約で確認してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People who redeem for flights and will actually use transfer partners"],"ja":["特典航空券で使い、実際に移行提携先を活用する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who want a simple ¥1-per-point statement credit"],"ja":["1ポイント1円で支払に充てるだけの分かりやすさを求める人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Transfer rates, enrolment requirements and annual caps change — verify the current terms before choosing a card for its transfer ratio."],"ja":["移行レート・登録要件・年間上限は変更される。移行比率でカードを選ぶ前に現行規約を確認する。"]},"faqs":["rewards-point-value","rewards-premium-card-worth"],"sources":["amex-membership-rewards-jp","amex-green-rewards","ana-mileage"],"relatedProducts":["amex-jp","amex-gold-preferred","ana-amex-gold"],"relatedArticles":["ana-mileage-club","redeem-points-for-travel","point-value-expiry"]},{"slug":"rakuten-card","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Rakuten Card profile","ja":"楽天カード プロフィール"},"summary":{"en":"A no-fee 1% card that anchors the Rakuten ecosystem.","ja":"楽天経済圏の中心となる年会費無料・1%のカード。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The Rakuten Card has no annual fee and earns about 1 Rakuten Point per ¥100; it is strongest for Rakuten shoppers and weakest for people outside the ecosystem.","ja":"楽天カードは年会費無料で100円につき約1楽天ポイント。楽天ユーザーに最強で、経済圏外の人には弱いです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Issuer: Rakuten Card; Visa/Mastercard/JCB/Amex networks; no annual fee.","Base earn about 1% (1 point per ¥100) on eligible general spend.","Rakuten Ichiba SPU and campaigns add points (separate caps, limited-time treatment).","Redeems at ≈¥1 on Rakuten and via Rakuten Pay; funds Rakuten Securities investing.","Fee break-even is immediate because the fee is zero."],"ja":["発行：楽天カード。Visa／Mastercard／JCB／Amex。年会費無料。","対象の一般利用で基本約1%（100円につき1ポイント）。","楽天市場のSPUやキャンペーンで加算（別上限・期間限定の扱い）。","楽天や楽天ペイで約1円、楽天証券のクレカ積立に利用可。","年会費が0のため損益分岐は即時。"]},"sections":[{"id":"profile","heading":{"en":"What it earns and where it fits","ja":"獲得内容と適合"},"body":{"en":["The Rakuten Card charges no annual fee and generally earns one Rakuten Point per ¥100 of eligible spend (about 1%). On top of the base, Rakuten Ichiba SPU and campaigns can add points, but those have separate caps and limited-time treatment, so discount them when valuing the card. Points redeem at roughly ¥1 on Rakuten sites and at local shops through Rakuten Pay, and the card can fund Rakuten Securities investing at a rate that depends on card tier and fund. Its strength is the integrated ecosystem; its weakness is that value concentrates for people who actually shop in Rakuten.","On August 1, 2026 the signup page showed up to 8,000 points for a qualifying new JCB application, with different offers by network — always read the current terms and dates before applying, and treat signup points as one-off, not a permanent annual return."],"ja":["楽天カードは年会費無料で、対象利用100円につき通常1楽天ポイント（約1%）が付きます。基本に加えて楽天市場のSPUやキャンペーンでポイントが増えますが、別の上限と期間限定の扱いがあるため、価値評価では割り引きます。ポイントは楽天サイトで約1円、街の店では楽天ペイで使え、楽天証券のクレカ積立にも使えます（率はカードのランクとファンド次第）。強みは統合された経済圏、弱みは価値が実際に楽天で買う人に集中することです。","2026年8月1日時点で、申込ページは対象の新規JCB申込に最大8,000ポイントを表示し、ネットワークにより内容が異なりました。申込前に必ず現在の条件と日付を読み、入会ポイントは一度きりで恒常的な年間リターンではないと考えましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Rakuten shoppers and residents in the ecosystem"],"ja":["楽天ユーザーと経済圏内の居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who rarely use Rakuten services"],"ja":["楽天サービスをほとんど使わない人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Japanese card approval generally requires residence in Japan, a domestic address, a reachable phone, a bank account, and underwriting; applications and support are often Japanese-first."],"ja":["日本のカード審査は通常、日本の在留・国内住所・連絡可能な電話・銀行口座・審査を要し、申込やサポートは日本語中心のことが多いです。"]},"faqs":["rewards-no-fee-cards","points-which-ecosystem"],"sources":["rakuten-card-terms","rakuten-spu"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-card"],"relatedArticles":["rakuten-points-guide","best-credit-cards-by-category"]},{"slug":"smbc-numberless-card","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"SMBC Card (NL) profile","ja":"三井住友カード（NL） プロフィール"},"summary":{"en":"A no-fee card whose selected convenience-store and restaurant route can reach 7%.","ja":"対象コンビニ・飲食店で最大7%になる年会費無料カード。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"SMBC Card (NL) has no annual fee and an ordinary ~0.5% base, but eligible smartphone-touch payments at selected convenience stores and restaurants can reach 7% — physical-card touch and iD are not equivalent.","ja":"三井住友カード（NL）は年会費無料で通常約0.5%ですが、対象コンビニ・飲食店での対象スマホのタッチ決済は最大7%。物理カードのタッチやiDは対象外です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Issuer: Sumitomo Mitsui Card; no annual fee; base about 0.5% in V Points.","Selected convenience-store/restaurant smartphone contactless can reach 7%.","Physical-card touch and iD are not eligible for the 7% route.","Integrates with SBI Securities investing (tier/spend conditions).","Excellent specialist card; mediocre as an uncategorised 0.5% card."],"ja":["発行：三井住友カード。年会費無料。基本は約0.5%（Vポイント）。","対象コンビニ・飲食店の対象スマホのタッチで最大7%。","物理カードのタッチやiDは7%の対象外。","SBI証券のクレカ積立と連携（ランク・利用条件）。","専門特化では優秀、無区分の0.5%カードとしては平凡。"]},"sections":[{"id":"profile","heading":{"en":"Where the 7% applies — and where it does not","ja":"7%が適用される場所・されない場所"},"body":{"en":["SMBC Card (NL) has no annual fee and an ordinary base near 0.5% in V Points, which is mediocre for uncategorised spending. Its value is the selected convenience-store and restaurant offer: eligible smartphone contactless or eligible mobile ordering at specified chains can reach seven percent. The critical detail is method — physical-card touch and iD are not equivalent and do not qualify, and because the seven percent already includes the base, you must not add a separate 0.5%. Additional family/Olive conditions may raise selected rates. A temporary offer advertised up to 29,000 points for qualifying applications and usage from July 23 through September 30, 2026."],"ja":["三井住友カード（NL）は年会費無料で、通常の基本はVポイントで約0.5%と、無区分の支出には平凡です。価値は対象コンビニ・飲食店の還元にあります。指定チェーンでの対象スマホのタッチ決済や対象モバイルオーダーは最大7%になり得ます。重要なのは方法で、物理カードのタッチやiDは対象外です。7%には基本が含まれるため、別に0.5%を足してはいけません。家族／Oliveの条件で対象率が上がることもあります。2026年7月23日〜9月30日の対象の申込・利用に最大29,000ポイントの一時オファーが告知されました。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Heavy convenience-store and casual-dining spenders"],"ja":["コンビニ・外食を多用する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People wanting a strong flat uncategorised rate"],"ja":["無区分で高い一律還元を望む人"]},"warnings":{"en":["iD and physical-card touch are excluded from the 7% route; verify the exact eligible payment path."],"ja":["iDと物理カードのタッチは7%の対象外。対象の決済経路を正確に確認。"]},"faqs":["rewards-smbc-7-percent","rewards-id-vs-touch"],"sources":["smbc-nl","smbc-conveni","sbi-vpoint-invest"],"relatedProducts":["smbc-card-numberless"],"relatedArticles":["convenience-store-points","v-points-guide","best-credit-cards-by-category"]},{"slug":"paypay-card","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"PayPay Card profile","ja":"PayPayカード プロフィール"},"summary":{"en":"The native no-fee card for the PayPay ecosystem.","ja":"PayPay経済圏の純正・年会費無料カード。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The PayPay Card has no annual fee and a basic eligible return of about 1%; it is simplest for PayPay users, but since June 2, 2026 point-funded portions do not receive PayPay Step rewards.","ja":"PayPayカードは年会費無料で基本約1%。PayPay利用者に最も簡単ですが、2026年6月2日以降、ポイントで払った分はPayPayステップの対象外です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Issuer: PayPay Card Corporation; no annual fee; basic ~1%.","Doubles as PayPay Credit funding within the Yahoo/SoftBank ecosystem.","PayPay Step and campaigns depend on KYC, funding, and eligibility.","Since June 2, 2026, point-funded portions do not earn Step rewards.","PayPay Card Gold (¥11,000) targets a ¥1,000,000 annual-spend benefit."],"ja":["発行：PayPayカード。年会費無料。基本約1%。","Yahoo／SoftBank経済圏でPayPayクレジットのチャージ元にもなる。","PayPayステップやキャンペーンは本人確認・チャージ元・対象次第。","2026年6月2日以降、ポイントで払った分はステップ対象外。","PayPayカード ゴールド（11,000円）は年間100万円利用の特典が狙い。"]},"sections":[{"id":"profile","heading":{"en":"Simple for PayPay users","ja":"PayPay利用者に簡単"},"body":{"en":["The PayPay Card has no annual fee and a basic eligible return around 1%, and it doubles as PayPay Credit funding inside the Yahoo/SoftBank ecosystem — making it the natural card for heavy PayPay users. PayPay Step and campaigns can add more, but they depend on identity verification, funding source, and transaction eligibility. Since June 2, 2026, any portion paid with PayPay Points is excluded from Step rewards, so do not assume point-funded spending earns the Step bonus. The PayPay Card Gold (¥11,000 annually) targets a ¥1,000,000 annual-spend benefit that nominally offsets the fee at ¥1 per point, before opportunity cost and exclusions."],"ja":["PayPayカードは年会費無料で基本約1%、Yahoo／SoftBank経済圏でPayPayクレジットのチャージ元も兼ねるため、PayPayを多用する人に自然なカードです。PayPayステップやキャンペーンで上乗せできますが、本人確認・チャージ元・取引の対象性に依存します。2026年6月2日以降、PayPayポイントで払った分はステップの対象外のため、ポイント払いにステップボーナスが付くと考えないでください。PayPayカード ゴールド（年11,000円）は、1ポイント1円換算で名目上年会費を相殺する年間100万円利用特典が狙いです（機会費用・除外は別）。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Heavy PayPay users"],"ja":["PayPayを多用する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People outside the PayPay/Yahoo ecosystem"],"ja":["PayPay／Yahoo経済圏の外の人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Japanese card approval generally requires residence in Japan, a domestic address, a reachable phone, a bank account, and underwriting; applications and support are often Japanese-first."],"ja":["日本のカード審査は通常、日本の在留・国内住所・連絡可能な電話・銀行口座・審査を要し、申込やサポートは日本語中心のことが多いです。"]},"faqs":["rewards-no-fee-cards","rewards-paypay-points-step"],"sources":["paypay-card","paypay-step"],"relatedProducts":["paypay-card"],"relatedArticles":["paypay-points-guide","paypay-app-guide","best-credit-cards-by-category"]},{"slug":"d-card","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"d Card and d Card GOLD profile","ja":"dカード・dカード GOLD プロフィール"},"summary":{"en":"The no-fee d POINT card, and when the Gold version pays off.","ja":"年会費無料のdポイントカードと、ゴールドが得になる条件。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The no-fee d Card earns about 1% in d POINT; d Card GOLD (¥11,000) is worthwhile mainly for high eligible docomo billing, where a ten-percent-equivalent reward can exceed the fee.","ja":"年会費無料のdカードはdポイントで約1%。dカード GOLD（11,000円）は主に対象のドコモ利用が高い人向けで、10%相当の還元が年会費を上回り得ます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Issuer: NTT DOCOMO; d Card no fee, ~1% base; d Card GOLD ¥11,000.","d払い funding adds 0.5% to the wallet’s 0.5% where eligible.","d Card GOLD: eligible docomo mobile/Hikari charges can earn 10%-equivalent.","From September 1, 2026 the d払い funding bonus becomes limited-use points.","GOLD is best only with sufficiently high eligible docomo billing."],"ja":["発行：NTTドコモ。dカードは年会費無料・基本約1%。GOLDは11,000円。","対象時、d払いへのチャージでウォレット0.5%＋0.5%。","GOLD：対象のドコモ携帯・ひかり料金は10%相当。","2026年9月1日以降、d払いのチャージボーナスは用途限定ポイントに。","GOLDは対象のドコモ利用が十分高い人だけが得。"]},"sections":[{"id":"profile","heading":{"en":"No-fee base and the Gold threshold","ja":"無料の基本とゴールドのしきい値"},"body":{"en":["The no-fee d Card commonly earns about 1% in d POINT and is a straightforward choice for d POINT users; funding d払い with an eligible d Card adds 0.5% to the wallet’s 0.5%. Check excluded payments, and note that from September 1, 2026 the d Card payment-method bonus for d払い was scheduled to be issued as limited-time/use points rather than ordinary points. The d Card GOLD (¥11,000 annually) is best for high eligible docomo billing: eligible docomo mobile and Docomo Hikari charges can receive ten-percent-equivalent rewards under the program’s ¥1,000 tax-exclusive units, plus a ¥1,000,000 annual-use benefit worth up to ¥10,000. A rough fee break-even against a 1% alternative is about ¥122,223 of fully eligible annual pre-tax charges, but rounding, exclusions, and caps matter."],"ja":["年会費無料のdカードはdポイントで通常約1%で、dポイント利用者に分かりやすい選択です。対象のdカードでd払いにチャージすると、ウォレットの0.5%に0.5%が加わります。除外される支払いを確認し、2026年9月1日以降、d払いへのチャージボーナスは通常ポイントではなく期間・用途限定ポイントで付与される予定である点に注意してください。dカード GOLD（年11,000円）は対象のドコモ利用が高い人に最適で、対象のドコモ携帯・ドコモ光の料金は、税抜1,000円単位で10%相当の還元、加えて最大1万円相当の年間100万円利用特典が得られます。1%カードに対する概算の損益分岐は、完全対象の年間税抜料金で約122,223円ですが、端数・除外・上限が影響します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["d POINT users; high-billing docomo customers for GOLD"],"ja":["dポイント利用者。GOLDは利用の多いドコモ顧客"]},"notFor":{"en":["Non-docomo users considering GOLD"],"ja":["ドコモ以外でGOLDを検討する人"]},"warnings":{"en":["d Card GOLD is usually less compelling without docomo services; the fee needs eligible billing to justify it."],"ja":["dカード GOLDはドコモサービスがないと魅力が薄い。年会費には対象の料金が必要です。"]},"faqs":["rewards-dcard-gold-worth","rewards-dbarai-rate"],"sources":["dcard","dbarai","dpoint-expiry"],"relatedProducts":["d-card"],"relatedArticles":["d-point-club-guide","d-barai-guide","best-credit-cards-by-category"]},{"slug":"au-pay-card","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"au PAY Card and Gold profile","ja":"au PAYカード・ゴールド プロフィール"},"summary":{"en":"The no-fee Ponta card, and the capped high rates of the Gold version.","ja":"年会費無料のPontaカードと、ゴールドの上限付き高還元。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The no-fee au PAY Card earns about 1% in Ponta; the au PAY Gold Card (¥11,000) can earn up to 5% on eligible au PAY auto-charging plus mobile benefits, but the high rates are capped and conditional.","ja":"年会費無料のau PAYカードはPontaで約1%。au PAYゴールドカード（11,000円）は対象のau PAYオートチャージで最大5%＋携帯特典ですが、高還元は上限・条件付きです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Issuer: au Financial Service; au PAY Card no fee, ~1% Ponta.","au PAY Gold Card ¥11,000: eligible au PAY autocharge up to 5% (capped).","eSmart Securities investing: standard ~0.5%, Gold ~1% (monthly limit).","Good no-fee choice for Ponta/au users.","Compare the capped autocharge bonus directly with the fee."],"ja":["発行：au Financial Service。au PAYカードは無料・Pontaで約1%。","au PAYゴールド（11,000円）：対象オートチャージ最大5%（上限あり）。","eSmart証券のクレカ積立：標準約0.5%、ゴールド約1%（月間上限）。","Ponta／auユーザーに良い無料カード。","上限付きオートチャージボーナスを年会費と直接比較。"]},"sections":[{"id":"profile","heading":{"en":"No-fee Ponta card and the Gold caps","ja":"無料のPontaカードとゴールドの上限"},"body":{"en":["The au PAY Card has no annual fee and an ordinary eligible return around 1% in Ponta, a good no-fee choice for Ponta and au users. The au PAY Gold Card (¥11,000 annually) can earn up to five percent on eligible au PAY auto-charging plus the wallet’s ordinary 0.5%, with conditions and a monthly bonus cap, and adds eligible mobile benefits. The published high rates are capped and conditional, so compare the autocharge bonus’s maximum directly with the fee. For card-funded investing, the standard card generally earns 0.5% and Gold one percent at eSmart Securities, up to the stated monthly limit."],"ja":["au PAYカードは年会費無料で、対象利用はPontaで約1%と、Ponta・auユーザーに良い無料カードです。au PAYゴールドカード（年11,000円）は、対象のau PAYオートチャージで最大5%＋ウォレットの通常0.5%（条件・月間上限あり）を得られ、対象の携帯特典も加わります。表示の高還元は上限・条件付きのため、オートチャージボーナスの上限を年会費と直接比べましょう。クレカ積立は、eSmart証券で標準カードが通常0.5%、ゴールドが1%（月間上限まで）です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Ponta and au/UQ users"],"ja":["Ponta・au／UQユーザー"]},"notFor":{"en":["People outside the au ecosystem considering Gold"],"ja":["au経済圏外でゴールドを検討する人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Gold’s high rates are capped — the autocharge bonus maximum must be compared with the fee."],"ja":["ゴールドの高還元は上限付き。オートチャージボーナスの上限を年会費と比較。"]},"faqs":["rewards-au-gold-worth","rewards-ponta-jal"],"sources":["aupay-card","aupay-app"],"relatedProducts":["au-pay-card"],"relatedArticles":["ponta-points-guide","au-pay-guide","best-credit-cards-by-category"]},{"slug":"jcb-card-w","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"JCB Card W profile","ja":"JCB カード W プロフィール"},"summary":{"en":"A strong no-fee general card for applicants aged 18–39.","ja":"18〜39歳向けの、強い年会費無料の汎用カード。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"JCB Card W has no annual fee and a base equivalent to about 1% under the J-POINT structure introduced in January 2026; applications are generally limited to people aged 18–39, but the no-fee status is retained after 39.","ja":"JCB カード Wは年会費無料で、2026年1月導入のJ-POINT体系で基本約1%。申込は原則18〜39歳ですが、39歳以降も無料が続きます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Issuer: JCB; no annual fee; base equivalent ~1% under J-POINT (from Jan 2026).","Applications generally limited to ages 18–39; no-fee retained afterward.","Selected J-POINT partners earn more than the base.","Works with QUICPay, Apple Pay, and Google Wallet on supported devices.","Consider JCB overseas acceptance if you travel."],"ja":["発行：JCB。年会費無料。J-POINT（2026年1月〜）で基本約1%相当。","申込は原則18〜39歳。以降も無料が継続。","対象のJ-POINT提携先は基本以上に貯まる。","対応端末でQUICPay・Apple Pay・Google Walletに対応。","旅行するならJCBの海外受け入れを考慮。"]},"sections":[{"id":"profile","heading":{"en":"A strong no-fee card for eligible applicants","ja":"対象者に強い無料カード"},"body":{"en":["JCB Card W has no annual fee and a base equivalent of about one percent under the J-POINT structure introduced in January 2026, with selected J-POINT partners earning more. Applications are generally limited to people aged 18–39, but the no-fee status is retained after 39, so applying while eligible locks in the card. It works with QUICPay, Apple Pay, and Google Wallet on supported devices. The main considerations are the initial age restriction and JCB’s overseas acceptance, which is narrower than Visa/Mastercard in some countries. The current page advertised a temporary offer of up to 24,000 points subject to application and spending conditions."],"ja":["JCB カード Wは年会費無料で、2026年1月導入のJ-POINT体系で基本約1%相当、対象のJ-POINT提携先ではそれ以上に貯まります。申込は原則18〜39歳ですが、39歳以降も無料が続くため、対象のうちに申し込めばカードを確保できます。対応端末でQUICPay・Apple Pay・Google Walletに対応します。主な検討点は、初回の年齢制限と、一部の国でVisa／Mastercardより狭いJCBの海外受け入れです。現在のページは、申込・利用条件付きで最大24,000ポイントの一時オファーを告知していました。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Applicants aged 18–39 wanting a no-fee general card"],"ja":["無料の汎用カードを望む18〜39歳"]},"notFor":{"en":["People needing wide overseas acceptance"],"ja":["広い海外受け入れが必要な人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Applications generally must occur by age 39; JCB acceptance is narrower abroad."],"ja":["申込は原則39歳まで。JCBの海外受け入れは狭め。"]},"faqs":["rewards-no-fee-cards","rewards-young-applicant-card"],"sources":["jcb-card-w"],"relatedProducts":["jcb-card-w"],"relatedArticles":["best-credit-cards-by-category"]},{"slug":"epos-card","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Epos Card profile","ja":"エポスカード プロフィール"},"summary":{"en":"An easy-to-get no-fee secondary card with useful invitations to Gold.","ja":"入手しやすい年会費無料のサブカードと、ゴールドへの招待。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The Epos Card has no annual fee and earns about 0.5% (1 point per ¥200); ordinary points generally expire after two years but can be extended, and Epos Gold becomes attractive after a free invitation or natural fee waiver.","ja":"エポスカードは年会費無料で約0.5%（200円につき1ポイント）。通常ポイントは原則2年で失効しますが延長でき、エポスゴールドは無料招待や年会費無料条件の達成で魅力的になります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Issuer: Marui/Epos (Visa); no annual fee; base ~0.5% (1 point per ¥200).","Merchant and travel-portal bonuses vary; easy secondary card.","Ordinary points generally expire after two years but can be extended.","Epos Gold: fee can become free after qualifying annual use or invitation.","Often cited as accessible for residents building card history."],"ja":["発行：丸井／エポス（Visa）。年会費無料。基本約0.5%（200円につき1ポイント）。","店舗・旅行ポータルのボーナスは様々。手軽なサブカード。","通常ポイントは原則2年で失効するが延長可能。","エポスゴールド：年間利用や招待で年会費が無料に。","カード履歴を作る居住者に手が届きやすいとされる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"profile","heading":{"en":"An accessible secondary card","ja":"手が届きやすいサブカード"},"body":{"en":["The Epos Card has no annual fee and earns one Epos Point per ¥200, usually about 0.5% before bonuses, with varying merchant and travel-portal bonuses. It is an easy no-fee secondary card, often cited as accessible for residents building a card history. Ordinary points generally expire after two years but can be extended by activity. Epos Gold is attractive after a free invitation or a natural fee waiver — its annual bonus increases with spending up to a published maximum, and subsequent years can become free after qualifying annual use — but it is less compelling if you pay a fee without using the benefits."],"ja":["エポスカードは年会費無料で、200円につき1エポスポイント（ボーナス前で通常約0.5%）が付き、店舗や旅行ポータルのボーナスは様々です。手軽な無料のサブカードで、カード履歴を作る居住者に手が届きやすいとされます。通常ポイントは原則2年で失効しますが、利用で延長できます。エポスゴールドは、無料招待や自然な年会費無料条件の達成後に魅力的です。年間ボーナスは利用に応じて上限まで増え、翌年以降は対象の年間利用で無料になり得ますが、特典を使わず年会費を払うなら魅力は薄いです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["No-fee card seekers and residents building history"],"ja":["無料カードを探す人・履歴を作る居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People wanting a strong 1% base from the start"],"ja":["最初から高い1%基本を望む人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Japanese card approval generally requires residence in Japan, a domestic address, a reachable phone, a bank account, and underwriting; applications and support are often Japanese-first."],"ja":["日本のカード審査は通常、日本の在留・国内住所・連絡可能な電話・銀行口座・審査を要し、申込やサポートは日本語中心のことが多いです。"]},"faqs":["rewards-no-fee-cards","rewards-foreign-first-card"],"sources":["epos-card-terms"],"relatedProducts":["epos-card"],"relatedArticles":["foreign-resident-rewards","best-credit-cards-by-category"]},{"slug":"view-card-standard","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"View Card profile (JR East)","ja":"ビューカード プロフィール（JR東日本）"},"summary":{"en":"The JR East card that earns 1.5% on Mobile Suica charging.","ja":"モバイルSuicaチャージで1.5%を得るJR東日本のカード。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The View Card Standard (¥524) earns about 0.5% base but 1.5% on Mobile Suica charging; a commuter needs roughly ¥52,400 of annual Suica charging to recover the fee from the extra one percentage point.","ja":"ビューカード（524円）は基本約0.5%ですが、モバイルSuicaチャージで1.5%。追加1%分で年会費を回収するには年間約52,400円のSuicaチャージが必要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Issuer: JR East; ¥524 annual fee; base about 0.5%.","Mobile Suica charging earns 1.5%; stacks with JRE ride points.","Eligible Mobile Suica commuter passes and Green Car can earn 5%.","Break-even: ~¥52,400/year of 1.5%-eligible charging to recover the fee.","Best for frequent JR East / Mobile Suica users."],"ja":["発行：JR東日本。年会費524円。基本約0.5%。","モバイルSuicaチャージで1.5%。JRE乗車ポイントと重なる。","対象のモバイルSuica定期券・グリーン車で5%。","損益分岐：追加1%分の回収に年間約52,400円のチャージ。","JR東日本・モバイルSuicaを頻繁に使う人に最適。"]},"sections":[{"id":"profile","heading":{"en":"A transit-specialist card","ja":"交通特化カード"},"body":{"en":["The View Card Standard has a ¥524 annual fee and an ordinary base around 0.5%, but Mobile Suica charging earns 1.5%, and eligible Mobile Suica commuter passes and Green Car products can earn five percent. Charging a registered Mobile Suica with a View card stacks the 1.5% charge reward with JRE ride points, creating a nominal 3.5% on eligible JR East travel funding. Compared with a 0.5% free card, a user needs roughly ¥52,400 of annual 1.5%-eligible Suica charging to recover the ¥524 fee from the additional one percentage point alone — so it is worthwhile only for frequent JR East and Mobile Suica users."],"ja":["ビューカード（スタンダード）は年会費524円で通常の基本は約0.5%ですが、モバイルSuicaチャージは1.5%、対象のモバイルSuica定期券やグリーン車は5%になり得ます。登録済みモバイルSuicaをビューカードでチャージすると、1.5%のチャージ還元とJRE乗車ポイントが重なり、対象のJR東日本の移動資金で名目3.5%になります。0.5%の無料カードと比べ、追加1%分だけで524円の年会費を回収するには年間約52,400円の1.5%対象チャージが必要なため、JR東日本・モバイルSuicaを頻繁に使う人だけに価値があります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Frequent JR East and Mobile Suica commuters"],"ja":["JR東日本・モバイルSuicaの通勤者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Occasional riders outside JR East"],"ja":["JR東日本外のたまに乗る人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Not every Suica transaction is a qualifying JR East ride; pass products follow separate rates."],"ja":["すべてのSuica取引が対象のJR東日本乗車ではありません。定期券は別の率です。"]},"faqs":["rewards-view-card-worth","rewards-suica-ride-rate"],"sources":["view-card","jre-suica"],"relatedProducts":["view-card-standard"],"relatedArticles":["jre-point-guide","train-commuter-rewards"]},{"slug":"bic-camera-suica-card","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Bic Camera Suica Card profile","ja":"ビックカメラSuicaカード プロフィール"},"summary":{"en":"A hybrid card combining BicCamera points with Suica and JRE functions.","ja":"ビックカメラのポイントとSuica・JRE機能を結ぶハイブリッドカード。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The Bic Camera Suica Card is free the first year and waived afterward with at least one qualifying annual transaction; it combines BicCamera points with Suica/JRE POINT functionality.","ja":"ビックカメラSuicaカードは初年度無料、以降は年1回以上の対象利用で無料。ビックカメラのポイントとSuica／JRE POINT機能を結びます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Issuer: JR East / BicCamera hybrid; first year free.","Subsequent annual fee waived after at least one qualifying transaction.","Combines BicCamera points with Suica and JRE POINT functions.","Useful for people who shop at BicCamera and use JR East.","Compare electronics cash prices and reduced-point payment methods."],"ja":["発行：JR東日本／ビックカメラのハイブリッド。初年度無料。","以降は年1回以上の対象利用で年会費無料。","ビックカメラのポイントとSuica・JRE POINT機能を結ぶ。","ビックカメラで買い、JR東日本を使う人に有用。","家電の現金価格やポイント減額の決済方法を比較。"]},"sections":[{"id":"profile","heading":{"en":"A useful electronics/transit hybrid","ja":"家電・交通のハイブリッド"},"body":{"en":["The Bic Camera Suica Card is free the first year, and the subsequent annual fee is waived after at least one qualifying annual card transaction. It combines BicCamera points with Suica and JRE POINT functionality, making it a useful hybrid for people who both shop at BicCamera and use JR East. As with any electronics card, compare the final cash price and reduced-point payment methods — the store point rate can differ by product and payment method, so the headline percentage is not the whole story."],"ja":["ビックカメラSuicaカードは初年度無料で、以降の年会費は年1回以上の対象利用で無料になります。ビックカメラのポイントとSuica・JRE POINT機能を結び、ビックカメラで買い物しつつJR東日本を使う人に有用なハイブリッドです。家電カード全般と同様、最終現金価格やポイント減額の決済方法を比較しましょう。店ポイント率は商品や決済方法で異なるため、表面的な%だけでは判断できません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["BicCamera shoppers who also use JR East"],"ja":["JR東日本も使うビックカメラ利用者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who rarely shop at BicCamera"],"ja":["ビックカメラをほとんど使わない人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Electronics store-point rates vary by product and payment method — compare the delivered price."],"ja":["家電の店ポイント率は商品・決済方法で異なります。支払総額で比較を。"]},"faqs":["rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points"],"sources":["view-card"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["electronics-store-points","jre-point-guide"]},{"slug":"aeon-card","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"AEON Card profile","ja":"イオンカード プロフィール"},"summary":{"en":"A no-fee card for AEON-group shoppers with double-point member days.","ja":"ポイント2倍の会員日があるイオングループ向けの年会費無料カード。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The AEON Card has no annual fee and earns WAON POINT (about 0.5% base), with double points on AEON-group “W Point” days; it is strongest for regular AEON shoppers.","ja":"イオンカードは年会費無料でWAON POINT（基本約0.5%）が貯まり、イオングループの「Wポイント」の日は2倍。イオンを定期利用する人に最強です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Issuer: AEON Financial (Visa/Mastercard/JCB); no annual fee (standard).","Base about 0.5% in WAON POINT (formerly Tokimeki Points).","Double points on AEON-group stores on designated days.","Mainly valuable for AEON usage; Gold version has fee/waiver conditions.","Applications generally limited to residents, in Japanese."],"ja":["発行：イオンフィナンシャル（Visa／Mastercard／JCB）。標準は年会費無料。","基本は約0.5%（WAON POINT。旧ときめきポイント）。","イオングループ店の指定日にポイント2倍。","主にイオン利用で価値。ゴールドは年会費・無料条件あり。","申込は原則居住者、日本語。"]},"sections":[{"id":"profile","heading":{"en":"Built for AEON member days","ja":"イオンの会員日向け"},"body":{"en":["The AEON Card has no annual fee on the standard version and earns WAON POINT at about 0.5%, with double points at AEON-group stores on designated “W Point” days — which, given how frequently groceries are bought, can matter more than a small difference between general cards. Its value concentrates in AEON usage. The Gold version has a fee that can be waived after qualifying annual use and adds travel insurance. Foreign applications are generally in Japanese only, so the card suits residents who regularly shop at AEON, MaxValu, and other group stores."],"ja":["イオンカードは標準版が年会費無料で、WAON POINTを約0.5%で貯め、指定の「Wポイント」の日はイオングループ店でポイント2倍になります。食料品の購入頻度を考えると、これは汎用カード間の小さな差より重要になり得ます。価値はイオン利用に集中します。ゴールド版は対象の年間利用で無料になり得る年会費があり、旅行保険を加えます。外国人の申込は通常日本語のみのため、イオン・マックスバリュなどグループ店を定期的に使う居住者に向きます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Regular AEON-group shoppers"],"ja":["イオングループを定期利用する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who rarely shop at AEON"],"ja":["イオンをほとんど使わない人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Japanese card approval generally requires residence in Japan, a domestic address, a reachable phone, a bank account, and underwriting; applications and support are often Japanese-first."],"ja":["日本のカード審査は通常、日本の在留・国内住所・連絡可能な電話・銀行口座・審査を要し、申込やサポートは日本語中心のことが多いです。"]},"faqs":["rewards-supermarket-best"],"sources":["aeon-card","waon-point"],"relatedProducts":["aeon-card-select"],"relatedArticles":["waon-point-guide","supermarket-points"]},{"slug":"saison-gold-amex","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Saison Gold American Express profile","ja":"セゾンゴールド・アメリカン・エキスプレス プロフィール"},"summary":{"en":"A low-maintenance gold card with non-expiring Saison points and a use-based fee waiver.","ja":"失効しないセゾン永久不滅ポイントと利用ベースの年会費無料を持つ低メンテのゴールド。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The Saison Gold American Express is free the first year, and the subsequent ¥11,000 fee can be waived with at least one annual card use under the cited offer; Saison Permanent Points notably do not expire.","ja":"セゾンゴールド・アメックスは初年度無料で、以降の11,000円は年1回以上の利用で無料になり得ます。セゾン永久不滅ポイントは失効しないのが特徴です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Issuer: Credit Saison; first year free under the current structure.","Subsequent ¥11,000 fee can be waived with at least one annual card use.","Saison Permanent Points do not expire — notable among Japanese programs.","Adds Saison campaigns, travel, and partner benefits.","Low maintenance when the use-based fee waiver applies."],"ja":["発行：クレディセゾン。現行では初年度無料。","以降の11,000円は年1回以上の利用で無料になり得る。","セゾン永久不滅ポイントは失効しない（日本のプログラムでは珍しい）。","セゾンのキャンペーン・旅行・提携特典を加える。","利用ベースの無料条件が使えるとき低メンテ。"]},"sections":[{"id":"profile","heading":{"en":"Non-expiring points and a use-based waiver","ja":"失効しないポイントと利用ベースの無料"},"body":{"en":["The Saison Gold American Express is free the first year under the current product structure, and the subsequent ¥11,000 fee can be waived with at least one annual card use under the cited offer — a low-maintenance arrangement. Its standout feature is Saison Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント), which do not expire, a rarity among Japanese programs and helpful for anyone who accumulates slowly. It adds Saison campaigns, travel, and partner benefits, and supports mobile wallets. As always, check the current insurance guide before valuing the travel benefits, and do not pay a fee for perks you will not use."],"ja":["セゾンゴールド・アメックスは現行の商品構成で初年度無料、以降の11,000円は年1回以上の利用で無料になり得る、低メンテの構成です。際立つ特徴は、失効しないセゾン永久不滅ポイントで、日本のプログラムでは珍しく、ゆっくり貯める人に有用です。セゾンのキャンペーン・旅行・提携特典を加え、モバイルウォレットに対応します。いつも通り、旅行特典を評価する前に現在の保険ガイドを確認し、使わない特典のために年会費を払わないようにしましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People wanting non-expiring points and a use-based waiver"],"ja":["失効しないポイントと利用無料条件を望む人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who will not meet the annual use condition"],"ja":["年間利用条件を満たさない人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Value the travel/insurance perks against the current policy booklet before relying on them."],"ja":["旅行・保険特典は現在の約款で確認してから頼ること。"]},"faqs":["rewards-permanent-points"],"sources":["saison-gold-amex"],"relatedProducts":["saison-gold-premium"],"relatedArticles":["best-credit-cards-by-category"]},{"slug":"paypay-app-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"PayPay app guide","ja":"PayPayアプリ ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"Setup, funding, earning, sending, withdrawal, and security for Japan’s dominant QR wallet.","ja":"日本の主要QRウォレットの初期設定・チャージ・獲得・送金・出金・セキュリティ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Set up PayPay with Japanese authentication and eKYC, fund via bank, ATM cash, or PayPay Card, and pay by QR at ~10 million stores; ordinary Points do not expire but only PayPay Money can be sent or withdrawn.","ja":"日本の認証とeKYCで設定し、銀行・ATM現金・PayPayカードでチャージ、約1,000万店でQR決済。通常ポイントは無期限ですが、送金・出金はPayPayマネーのみ可能です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Funding: bank transfer (no fee), ATM cash, or PayPay Card; the source sets the balance type.","Earning depends on PayPay Step, which requires KYC since June 2, 2026.","Point-funded portions do not earn Step rewards.","PayPay Money can be sent/withdrawn; PayPay Points and Money Lite cannot.","My Code receipt has required KYC since June 17, 2026."],"ja":["チャージ：銀行振込（無料）・ATM現金・PayPayカード。手段で残高種別が決まる。","獲得はPayPayステップ次第。2026年6月2日以降は本人確認が必要。","ポイントで払った分はステップ対象外。","PayPayマネーは送金・出金可、ポイントとマネーライトは不可。","マイコード受取は2026年6月17日以降、本人確認が必要。"]},"sections":[{"id":"setup-fund","heading":{"en":"Setup and funding","ja":"設定とチャージ"},"body":{"en":["You register PayPay in the app with Japanese mobile authentication; higher usage requires eKYC identity verification. Funding sources include bank transfer (no fee), ATM cash charging, carrier charging, and the PayPay Card, and the source determines whether value becomes PayPay Money or Money Lite. Foreign-card funding is limited: PayPay is not a general foreign-card acceptance workaround, and supported card registration and 3-D Secure rules apply. Charging via ATM or an excluded card generally earns no reward, so use the app’s eligible route if you want points."],"ja":["PayPayはアプリで日本の携帯認証により登録し、利用額が大きいとeKYCの本人確認が必要です。チャージ手段には銀行振込（無料）・ATM現金・キャリアチャージ・PayPayカードがあり、手段によって残高がPayPayマネーかマネーライトかが決まります。外国カードのチャージは限定的で、PayPayは外国カードの汎用的な回避策ではなく、対応カードの登録や3Dセキュアの規則が適用されます。ATMや対象外カードのチャージは通常ポイントが付かないため、ポイントが欲しいならアプリの対象ルートを使いましょう。"]}},{"id":"earn-send","heading":{"en":"Earning, sending, and security","ja":"獲得・送金・セキュリティ"},"body":{"en":["Base earning is conditional on PayPay Step, which since June 2, 2026 requires identity verification; any portion paid with PayPay Points is excluded from Step rewards. PayPay is accepted at around ten million stores and supports bill payment (reward treatment differs) and peer-to-peer sending. Only PayPay Money can be sent or withdrawn — PayPay Points and Money Lite cannot. Sending money is not a card purchase and has weaker reversal rights: PayPay states user-initiated send/receive activity is outside its compensation program, so verify recipients. For security, use biometric/PIN locking, and after a lost phone, lock the device, suspend credentials, and review transactions. Never disclose SMS codes or PINs to a caller."],"ja":["基本の獲得はPayPayステップ次第で、2026年6月2日以降は本人確認が必要です。PayPayポイントで払った分はステップの対象外です。PayPayは約1,000万店で使え、請求書払い（特典の扱いは異なる）や個人間送金に対応します。送金・出金はPayPayマネーのみ可能で、ポイントとマネーライトはできません。送金はカード決済ではなく取消の権利が弱く、PayPayは利用者が始めた送受金を補償対象外としているため、相手を確認しましょう。セキュリティは生体認証／PINでロックし、紛失時は端末をロックし、資格情報を停止し、取引を確認します。SMSコードやPINを電話の相手に伝えないこと。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Mobile-payment users setting up PayPay"],"ja":["PayPayを設定するモバイル決済ユーザー"]},"notFor":{"en":["People relying on foreign cards for points"],"ja":["ポイント目的で外国カードに頼る人"]},"warnings":{"en":["ATM top-ups and excluded-card charges generally earn no points; sending money has weak reversal rights."],"ja":["ATMチャージや対象外カードのチャージは通常ポイント対象外。送金は取消の権利が弱いです。"]},"faqs":["rewards-paypay-charge-points","rewards-paypay-points-step","rewards-no-expiry"],"sources":["paypay-points","paypay-step","paypay-card"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["paypay-points-guide","paypay-card","best-qr-payment-apps"]},{"slug":"rakuten-pay-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Rakuten Pay app guide","ja":"楽天ペイ アプリ ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"How Rakuten Pay earns points, its up-to-2.5% stack, and the postponed March 2026 change.","ja":"楽天ペイのポイント獲得、最大2.5%の重ね取り、そして延期された2026年3月の変更。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Rakuten Pay ties to your Rakuten account and can reach up to 2.5% when you present an eligible Rakuten Point Card and meet qualifying Rakuten Cash payment conditions; the announced March 1, 2026 change was postponed.","ja":"楽天ペイは楽天アカウントに紐づき、対象の楽天ポイントカード提示と対象の楽天キャッシュ払いの条件を満たすと最大2.5%。告知されていた2026年3月1日の変更は延期されました。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Requires a Rakuten account; link a Rakuten Card to earn.","Up to 2.5% when presenting an eligible point card and paying via qualifying Rakuten Cash.","Without qualifying point-card presentation, the maximum is lower.","The proposed March 1, 2026 reward change was postponed — old guides are outdated.","Less acceptance than PayPay, but integrated with Rakuten Points."],"ja":["楽天アカウントが必要。楽天カードを連携して獲得。","対象の楽天ポイントカード提示＋対象の楽天キャッシュ払いで最大2.5%。","対象のポイントカード提示がないと最大値は下がる。","2026年3月1日の変更案は延期。古いガイドは陳腐化。","PayPayより加盟店は少ないが楽天ポイントと統合。"]},"sections":[{"id":"setup","heading":{"en":"Setup and earning","ja":"設定と獲得"},"body":{"en":["Rakuten Pay is a QR payment tied to your Rakuten account. You link a Rakuten Card (recommended) and can fund via Rakuten Cash or supported registered sources; 3-D Secure or card scanning may be required. The current program advertises up to 2.5% when an eligible Rakuten Point Card is presented and qualifying Rakuten Cash payment conditions are met; without qualifying point-card presentation, the maximum is lower. The point-card rate varies by merchant, and excluded merchants or payment sources reduce the rate."],"ja":["楽天ペイは楽天アカウントに紐づくQR決済です。楽天カード（推奨）を連携し、楽天キャッシュや対応の登録手段でチャージできます（3Dセキュアやカード読み取りが必要なことがあります）。現行プログラムは、対象の楽天ポイントカードを提示し、対象の楽天キャッシュ払いの条件を満たすと最大2.5%を掲げます。対象のポイントカード提示がないと最大値は下がります。ポイントカードの率は店により異なり、対象外の店や決済手段では率が下がります。"]}},{"id":"postponed","heading":{"en":"The postponed change and comparison","ja":"延期された変更と比較"},"body":{"en":["A proposed March 1, 2026 reward change was postponed, so any guide assuming it took effect is outdated — verify the current terms in the app before relying on a rate. Rakuten Cash sending and receiving is supported within the app under current procedures, and invoice payment is supported (some bills do not accept point use). Compared with PayPay, Rakuten Pay has less merchant acceptance but integrates tightly with Rakuten Points, so it is strongest for Rakuten users who can combine point-card presentation and payment."],"ja":["2026年3月1日の変更案は延期されたため、それが発効した前提のガイドは陳腐化しています。率に頼る前にアプリで現在の条件を確認しましょう。楽天キャッシュの送受金は現行手順でアプリ内対応、請求書払いも対応します（一部の請求はポイント利用不可）。PayPayと比べ、楽天ペイは加盟店が少ないものの楽天ポイントと密に統合するため、ポイントカード提示と決済を組み合わせられる楽天ユーザーに最も強いです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Rakuten ecosystem users"],"ja":["楽天経済圏のユーザー"]},"notFor":{"en":["People needing the widest merchant acceptance"],"ja":["最も広い加盟店網が必要な人"]},"warnings":{"en":["The March 1, 2026 program change was postponed — do not rely on guides assuming it took effect."],"ja":["2026年3月1日の変更は延期。発効前提のガイドに頼らないこと。"]},"faqs":["rewards-rakuten-pay-change","rewards-rakuten-pay-max"],"sources":["rakuten-pay","rakuten-point"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-card"],"relatedArticles":["rakuten-points-guide","rakuten-card","best-qr-payment-apps"]},{"slug":"d-barai-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"d払い (d Barai) guide","ja":"d払い ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"docomo’s QR wallet, its 0.5%/1% earning, and the September 2026 funding-bonus change.","ja":"ドコモのQRウォレットと0.5%／1%の獲得、2026年9月のチャージボーナス変更。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"d払い earns about 0.5% d POINT, or ~1% with eligible d Card funding; other-card funding does not earn ordinary d払い points, and from September 1, 2026 the d Card funding bonus becomes limited-use points.","ja":"d払いは約0.5%のdポイント、対象のdカードチャージで約1%。他社カードのチャージは通常のd払いポイント対象外で、2026年9月1日以降、dカードのチャージボーナスは用途限定ポイントになります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Needs a d Account (available to non-docomo users) and a smartphone.","Base ~0.5%; eligible d Card funding adds 0.5% for ~1% before store points.","Other-card funding does not receive ordinary d払い points.","From September 1, 2026 the d Card funding bonus becomes limited-use points.","Accepted at Lawson, FamilyMart, and the same stores as d POINT."],"ja":["dアカウント（非ドコモも可）とスマホが必要。","基本約0.5%、対象のdカードチャージで0.5%加わり店ポイント前で約1%。","他社カードのチャージは通常のd払いポイント対象外。","2026年9月1日以降、dカードのチャージボーナスは用途限定ポイントに。","ローソン・ファミマなどdポイントと同じ店で使える。"]},"sections":[{"id":"guide","heading":{"en":"Setup, earning, and the September 2026 change","ja":"設定・獲得・2026年9月の変更"},"body":{"en":["d払い is docomo’s QR payment. You need a d Account — available even to non-docomo customers — and a smartphone, and you link funding such as a credit card or bank. Base earning is about 0.5% d POINT; funding with an eligible d Card adds 0.5%, producing roughly 1% before store points. Importantly, other-card funding does not receive ordinary d払い points, so do not assume any linked card earns the wallet reward. It is accepted at Lawson, FamilyMart, and the same stores as d POINT. From September 1, 2026 the d Card funding bonus was scheduled to become limited-time/use points rather than ordinary points, so verify the current treatment before relying on it. It is best for d POINT and docomo users, ideally with a d Card linked."],"ja":["d払いはドコモのQR決済です。dアカウント（非ドコモの顧客でも作れます）とスマホが必要で、クレジットカードや銀行などのチャージ元を連携します。基本の獲得は約0.5%のdポイント、対象のdカードでチャージすると0.5%加わり、店ポイント前で約1%になります。重要なのは、他社カードのチャージは通常のd払いポイントの対象外である点で、連携したどのカードでもウォレット特典が付くと考えないでください。ローソン・ファミマなどdポイントと同じ店で使えます。2026年9月1日以降、dカードのチャージボーナスは通常ポイントではなく期間・用途限定ポイントで付与される予定のため、頼る前に現在の扱いを確認しましょう。dポイント・ドコモのユーザー、できればdカードを連携している人に最適です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["d POINT and docomo users"],"ja":["dポイント・ドコモのユーザー"]},"notFor":{"en":["People funding with an ineligible card expecting points"],"ja":["対象外カードでチャージしてポイントを期待する人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Other-card funding earns no ordinary d払い points; the funding bonus becomes limited-use from Sept 1, 2026."],"ja":["他社カードのチャージは通常のd払いポイント対象外。チャージボーナスは2026年9月1日以降、用途限定に。"]},"faqs":["rewards-dbarai-rate","rewards-dbarai-other-card"],"sources":["dbarai","dcard","dpoint-official"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["d-point-club-guide","d-card","best-qr-payment-apps"]},{"slug":"au-pay-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"au PAY guide","ja":"au PAY ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"KDDI’s QR wallet, Ponta earning, and withdrawal rules.","ja":"KDDIのQRウォレット、Pontaの獲得、出金ルール。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"au PAY earns about 0.5% Ponta on ordinary spending (Gold autocharge can add up to 5% with caps); eligible au PAY Money can be withdrawn free at au Jibun Bank, or ¥220 at other banks.","ja":"au PAYは通常利用で約0.5%のPonta（ゴールドのオートチャージは上限付きで最大5%）。対象のau PAYマネーはauじぶん銀行で無料、他行は220円で出金できます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Setup with an au ID; funding by bank, cash, supported cards, or au PAY Card.","Ordinary spending earns ~0.5% Ponta; Gold autocharge up to 5% (capped).","Eligible au PAY Money can be sent and withdrawn.","au Jibun Bank withdrawal is free; other banks ~¥220 (¥100,000 max per transaction).","Accepted at Lawson, FamilyMart, and many stores."],"ja":["au IDで設定。銀行・現金・対応カード・au PAYカードでチャージ。","通常利用で約0.5%のPonta、ゴールドのオートチャージは最大5%（上限あり）。","対象のau PAYマネーは送金・出金可。","auじぶん銀行は無料、他行は約220円（1回上限10万円）。","ローソン・ファミマなど多くの店で使える。"]},"sections":[{"id":"guide","heading":{"en":"Earning, funding, and withdrawal","ja":"獲得・チャージ・出金"},"body":{"en":["au PAY is KDDI’s QR payment, set up with an au ID and funded by bank account, cash, supported cards, carrier pathways, or the au PAY Card — funding eligibility differs by card issuer and account status. Ordinary au PAY spending earns approximately 0.5% Ponta, and Gold autocharge can add up to five percent under conditions and a monthly bonus cap. Eligible au PAY Money can be sent and withdrawn: au Jibun Bank withdrawal is free under current terms, while other banks generally cost ¥220 per withdrawal, with a ¥100,000 per-transaction maximum. Bill and tax payments are supported in designated cases, but reward eligibility must be checked separately. It is best for Ponta, au, and UQ users."],"ja":["au PAYはKDDIのQR決済で、au IDで設定し、銀行口座・現金・対応カード・キャリア経路・au PAYカードでチャージします（チャージ可否はカード発行会社や口座状態で異なります）。通常のau PAY利用は約0.5%のPontaを得て、ゴールドのオートチャージは条件と月間上限の下で最大5%を加えられます。対象のau PAYマネーは送金・出金でき、auじぶん銀行は現行条件で無料、他行は通常1回220円で、1回の上限は10万円です。請求・税の支払いは指定の場合に対応しますが、特典の対象性は別に確認が必要です。Ponta・au・UQのユーザーに最適です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Ponta, au, and UQ users"],"ja":["Ponta・au・UQのユーザー"]},"notFor":{"en":["People outside the au/Ponta ecosystem"],"ja":["au／Ponta経済圏の外の人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Gold autocharge’s 5% is capped and conditional; withdrawal from non-au banks costs ~¥220."],"ja":["ゴールドのオートチャージ5%は上限・条件付き。au以外の銀行への出金は約220円。"]},"faqs":["rewards-aupay-withdraw","rewards-ponta-jal"],"sources":["aupay-app","aupay-card","ponta-official"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["ponta-points-guide","au-pay-card","best-qr-payment-apps"]},{"slug":"merpay-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Merpay (Mercari) guide","ja":"メルペイ ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"How Merpay uses Mercari sales balance, and why verification removes the withdrawal deadline.","ja":"メルカリの売上残高を使うメルペイと、本人確認で出金期限がなくなる理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Merpay spends Mercari sales balance or a linked card; rewards are mainly campaign/Mercard-driven, and identity verification converts functionality toward a money account, allows bank charging, and removes the 180-day sales-proceeds deadline.","ja":"メルペイはメルカリの売上残高や連携カードで払います。特典は主にキャンペーン／メルカード次第で、本人確認により送金口座に近づき、銀行チャージが可能になり、売上金の180日期限がなくなります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Tied to a Mercari account; spends sales balance or deferred-payment products.","Reward rate is primarily campaign- and Mercard-dependent.","Verification allows bank charging and removes the sales-proceeds deadline.","Mercari sales proceeds otherwise have a 180-day withdrawal/application deadline.","Best for active Mercari buyers and sellers, not as a universal points app."],"ja":["メルカリ口座に紐づく。売上残高や後払い商品で払う。","特典率は主にキャンペーンとメルカード次第。","本人確認で銀行チャージが可能になり、売上金の期限がなくなる。","未確認だとメルカリの売上金は180日の出金・申請期限がある。","メルカリを活発に使う人向けで、汎用ポイントアプリではない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"guide","heading":{"en":"Balance, verification, and best fit","ja":"残高・本人確認・適合"},"body":{"en":["Merpay is a payment app tied to your Mercari account. You spend the balance from sales, a charged amount after verification, or Merpay deferred-payment products, and the reward rate is primarily campaign- and Mercard-dependent rather than a universal high base. Identity verification is the key step: it converts functionality toward a money-transfer account, allows bank charging, and removes the sales-proceeds withdrawal deadline. Without verification, Mercari sales proceeds have a 180-day withdrawal/application deadline, and verified balance can be sent while unverified paid points have lower limits. Merpay is best for active Mercari buyers and sellers, not as a universal points app."],"ja":["メルペイはメルカリ口座に紐づく決済アプリです。売上の残高、本人確認後にチャージした金額、メルペイの後払い商品で払い、特典率は汎用的な高い基本ではなく主にキャンペーンとメルカード次第です。本人確認が要で、機能を送金口座に近づけ、銀行チャージを可能にし、売上金の出金期限をなくします。未確認だとメルカリの売上金は180日の出金・申請期限があり、確認済み残高は送金できる一方、未確認の付与ポイントは上限が低いです。メルペイはメルカリを活発に使う人に最適で、汎用ポイントアプリではありません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Active Mercari buyers and sellers"],"ja":["メルカリを活発に使う人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People wanting a universal high-base points wallet"],"ja":["汎用で高基本のポイントウォレットを望む人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Unverified Mercari sales proceeds expire after 180 days — verify to remove the deadline."],"ja":["未確認のメルカリ売上金は180日で失効。本人確認で期限を解除。"]},"faqs":["rewards-merpay-send"],"sources":["merpay-guide"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["best-qr-payment-apps"]},{"slug":"apple-google-pay-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Apple Pay and Google Wallet in Japan","ja":"日本のApple PayとGoogleウォレット"},"summary":{"en":"What each wallet stores, which Japanese e-money it supports, and why the underlying card sets rewards.","ja":"各ウォレットが保存するもの、対応する日本の電子マネー、そして元のカードが特典を決める理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Apple Pay and Google Wallet store supported cards and Japanese e-money (Suica, PASMO, WAON, nanaco, and more) but do not create rewards themselves — the underlying card or transit program determines rewards.","ja":"Apple PayとGoogleウォレットは対応カードや日本の電子マネー（Suica・PASMO・WAON・nanacoなど）を保存しますが、特典を生みません。特典は元のカードや交通プログラムが決めます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Apple Pay supports Suica, PASMO, iD, QUICPay, WAON, nanaco, and credit cards.","Google Wallet supports Suica, PASMO, Rakuten Edy, WAON, nanaco, and QUICPay.","Neither wallet creates a universal extra reward; the underlying card does.","A phone bought for another market may lack Japanese hardware support.","Lost-phone controls: device locking, Find My, and issuer suspension."],"ja":["Apple PayはSuica・PASMO・iD・QUICPay・WAON・nanaco・クレカに対応。","GoogleウォレットはSuica・PASMO・楽天Edy・WAON・nanaco・QUICPayに対応。","どちらも汎用の追加特典は生まない。元のカードが決める。","他市場向けの端末は日本のハードウェア対応を欠くことがある。","紛失対策：端末ロック・探す機能・発行会社での停止。"]},"sections":[{"id":"guide","heading":{"en":"What each wallet supports and how rewards work","ja":"各ウォレットの対応と特典の仕組み"},"body":{"en":["Apple Pay stores supported issuer cards and Japanese transit/e-money on compatible Apple devices, routing through the contactless network, iD, QUICPay, Suica, PASMO, WAON, or nanaco depending on the card and product. Google Wallet supports listed Japanese issuer cards and e-money on compatible Android devices; official support lists Suica, PASMO, Rakuten Edy, WAON, and nanaco, with top-up rules differing by product, plus QUICPay, iD, and network contactless. Crucially, neither wallet creates a universal extra reward — the underlying card or transit program determines rewards, and a merchant category may require a precise Apple Pay route. A phone purchased for another market may lack the required Japanese hardware support (FeliCa). For lost devices, use device locking, Find My, and issuer suspension."],"ja":["Apple Payは対応のApple端末で発行会社のカードや日本の交通系・電子マネーを保存し、カードや商品に応じて非接触ネットワーク・iD・QUICPay・Suica・PASMO・WAON・nanacoで処理します。Googleウォレットは対応のAndroid端末で日本の発行会社カードや電子マネーに対応し、公式にはSuica・PASMO・楽天Edy・WAON・nanaco（チャージ規則は商品で異なる）に加えQUICPay・iD・非接触に対応します。重要なのは、どちらのウォレットも汎用の追加特典を生まないことです。特典は元のカードや交通プログラムが決め、店のカテゴリによっては正確なApple Payの経路が必要です。他市場向けに買った端末は必要な日本のハードウェア（FeliCa）対応を欠くことがあります。紛失時は端末ロック・探す機能・発行会社での停止を使います。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Smartphone users adding cards and transit"],"ja":["カードや交通系を追加するスマホ利用者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People expecting the wallet itself to add points"],"ja":["ウォレット自体がポイントを足すと思う人"]},"warnings":{"en":["A foreign-market phone may lack FeliCa, so Suica/e-money may not work; the underlying card sets rewards."],"ja":["海外向け端末はFeliCa非対応でSuica／電子マネーが使えないことがあります。特典は元のカード次第。"]},"faqs":["rewards-apple-pay-points","rewards-google-wallet-emoney"],"sources":["apple-pay-jp","google-wallet-jp"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["id-quicpay-guide","emoney-payment-guide","mobile-suica-guide"]},{"slug":"id-quicpay-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"iD and QUICPay explained","ja":"iDとQUICPayの解説"},"summary":{"en":"What these contactless rails are, and why they can receive different campaign treatment.","ja":"これらの非接触決済の正体と、キャンペーンで別扱いになり得る理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"iD and QUICPay are contactless payment rails linked to a credit card; they have no independent point rate — the linked card’s program supplies rewards, and they are not interchangeable with Visa/Mastercard/JCB touch for bonus categories.","ja":"iDとQUICPayはクレジットカードに紐づく非接触決済で、独自のポイント率はありません。特典は紐づくカードのプログラムが供給し、ボーナス区分ではVisa／Mastercard／JCBのタッチと同一には扱われません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["iD and QUICPay are token services linked to credit cards.","They offer instant contactless payment at iD/QUICPay terminals.","No independent point rate; the linked card’s program sets rewards.","Not interchangeable with Visa/Mastercard/JCB touch for bonus categories.","Always identify which credential is being charged."],"ja":["iDとQUICPayはクレジットカードに紐づくトークンサービス。","iD／QUICPay端末で即時の非接触決済ができる。","独自のポイント率はなく、紐づくカードのプログラムが特典を決める。","ボーナス区分でVisa／Mastercard／JCBのタッチと同一には扱われない。","どの資格情報で請求されるかを常に確認。"]},"sections":[{"id":"guide","heading":{"en":"Contactless rails, not point programs","ja":"決済の“レール”であってポイントではない"},"body":{"en":["iD and QUICPay are contactless payment rails: token services linked to a credit (or debit/prepaid) card, used at terminals showing the iD or QUICPay logo, with no signature or PIN for small amounts. Neither has an independent point rate — rewards flow through the linked card’s program. The important consequence is that they are not interchangeable with Visa/Mastercard/JCB network contactless (“touch”) for bonus-category eligibility: a campaign requiring network touch or a card-number transaction may exclude iD or QUICPay, as SMBC’s selected-store seven-percent route excludes iD. Apple Pay can route many cards through QUICPay or iD, while Google Wallet’s contactless support is narrower on some devices. Always identify which credential is actually being charged before assuming a category bonus applies."],"ja":["iDとQUICPayは非接触決済のレールで、クレジット（またはデビット／プリペイド）カードに紐づくトークンサービスです。iDやQUICPayのロゴがある端末で使い、少額はサインやPINが不要です。どちらも独自のポイント率はなく、特典は紐づくカードのプログラムを通じて付きます。重要なのは、ボーナス区分でVisa／Mastercard／JCBの非接触（タッチ）と同一には扱われないことです。ネットワークのタッチやカード番号の取引を要するキャンペーンはiDやQUICPayを除外することがあり、三井住友カードの対象店7%の経路はiDを除外します。Apple Payは多くのカードをQUICPayやiD経由にでき、Googleウォレットの非接触対応は一部端末で狭いです。区分ボーナスが適用されると考える前に、実際にどの資格情報で請求されるかを必ず確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["NFC-payment users optimising category bonuses"],"ja":["区分ボーナスを最適化する非接触決済ユーザー"]},"notFor":{"en":["People assuming all contactless is the same"],"ja":["非接触はすべて同じと考える人"]},"warnings":{"en":["iD and physical-card touch are excluded from some category bonuses (e.g. SMBC’s 7% route)."],"ja":["iDや物理カードのタッチは一部の区分ボーナス（三井住友の7%など）で対象外です。"]},"faqs":["rewards-id-vs-touch","rewards-apple-pay-points"],"sources":["smbc-conveni","apple-pay-jp"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["apple-google-pay-guide","smbc-numberless-card"]},{"slug":"emoney-payment-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Other e-money: WAON, nanaco, Suica","ja":"その他の電子マネー：WAON・nanaco・Suica"},"summary":{"en":"How stored-value e-money differs from loyalty points, and where each earns.","ja":"前払いの電子マネーとロイヤリティポイントの違いと、それぞれの獲得場所。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Suica/PASMO are mostly transit e-money with limited rewards, while WAON (AEON/Ministop) and nanaco (Seven & i) are closed-loop stored value that earn their own points — never assume an arbitrary card charge to them earns card points.","ja":"Suica／PASMOは主に交通系電子マネーで特典は限定的、WAON（イオン／ミニストップ）とnanaco（セブン＆アイ）は独自ポイントが貯まる閉じた前払い残高です。任意のカードでのチャージがカードポイント対象とは限りません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Suica/PASMO: mostly transit; broad merchant acceptance, limited base reward.","WAON earns WAON POINT at AEON-group and participating merchants.","nanaco earns points at Seven & i; accumulated points convert to e-money.","These are primarily closed-loop stored value.","Never assume an arbitrary card-to-e-money charge earns card points."],"ja":["Suica／PASMO：主に交通。加盟店は広いが基本還元は限定的。","WAONはイオングループや加盟店でWAON POINTが貯まる。","nanacoはセブン＆アイで貯まり、貯めたポイントは電子マネーに交換。","いずれも主に閉じた前払い残高。","任意のカードでの電子マネーチャージがカードポイント対象とは限らない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"guide","heading":{"en":"Stored value vs loyalty points","ja":"前払い残高とロイヤリティポイント"},"body":{"en":["Suica and PASMO are transit-first e-money with broad merchant acceptance but limited base reward — the reward comes from the funding card or, for JR East, from registered Mobile Suica ride points. WAON electronic money earns WAON POINT at AEON-group and participating merchants when member-registered, and Mobile Suica can be added to Apple Pay. nanaco electronic money earns points at Seven & i, and accumulated nanaco points convert into e-money. The key discipline across all of these: they are primarily closed-loop stored value, and you must never assume that charging them with an arbitrary card earns that card’s points — only specifically eligible funding routes qualify. Older materials also blur “WAON electronic money points” and “WAON POINT,” which are different things."],"ja":["SuicaとPASMOは交通優先の電子マネーで加盟店は広いものの基本還元は限定的です。特典はチャージ元のカード、JR東日本なら登録済みモバイルSuicaの乗車ポイントから来ます。WAON電子マネーは会員登録すればイオングループや加盟店でWAON POINTが貯まり、モバイルSuicaはApple Payに追加できます。nanaco電子マネーはセブン＆アイでポイントが貯まり、貯めたnanacoポイントは電子マネーに交換できます。共通の規律は、これらが主に閉じた前払い残高であり、任意のカードでチャージしてもそのカードのポイントが必ず付くとは限らないことです。対象のチャージ手段だけが条件を満たします。古い資料では「WAON電子マネーのポイント」と「WAON POINT」を混同していますが、両者は別物です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["General users of transit and store e-money"],"ja":["交通系・店の電子マネーを使う一般利用者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People expecting airline-transferable e-money value"],"ja":["マイル交換できる電子マネー価値を期待する人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Charging e-money with a card does not guarantee card points — verify the funding route."],"ja":["電子マネーへのカードチャージはカードポイントを保証しません。チャージ手段を確認。"]},"faqs":["rewards-emoney-card-points","rewards-waon-vs-nanaco"],"sources":["waon-point","nanaco-points","jre-point"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["waon-point-guide","nanaco-points-guide","mobile-suica-guide"]},{"slug":"mobile-suica-guide","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mobile Suica guide","ja":"モバイルSuica ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"How Mobile Suica earns JRE POINT on rides and 1.5% on View charging.","ja":"乗車でJRE POINT、ビューカードチャージで1.5%を得るモバイルSuica。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Registered Mobile Suica earns JRE POINT on eligible JR East rides at 1 point per ¥50 (2%), and View Card charging adds 1.5%; foreign-issued card charging can be inconsistent.","ja":"登録済みモバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）、ビューカードのチャージで1.5%。海外発行カードのチャージは不安定なことがあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Registered Mobile Suica earns 1 JRE POINT per ¥50 (2%) on eligible JR East rides.","View Card charging adds 1.5%, for a nominal 3.5% stack.","Add via the app or mobile wallet; card-specific reward eligibility differs.","Foreign-issued card charging can be inconsistent — not a guaranteed strategy.","Complete device transfer/recovery through Mobile Suica and the device wallet."],"ja":["登録済みモバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）。","ビューカードのチャージで1.5%、名目3.5%の重ね取り。","アプリやモバイルウォレットで追加。カード別の特典対象は異なる。","海外発行カードのチャージは不安定。確実な戦略ではない。","端末移行・復旧はモバイルSuicaと端末ウォレットで行う。"]},"sections":[{"id":"guide","heading":{"en":"Rides, charging, and portability","ja":"乗車・チャージ・持ち運び"},"body":{"en":["Mobile Suica works through the app or mobile wallet with supported Japanese and many eligible cards, though card-specific reward eligibility differs. Registered Mobile Suica earns JRE POINT on eligible JR East rides at one point per ¥50 (2%), and charging with a View Card can add 1.5%, so a View-funded registered Mobile Suica stacks a nominal 3.5% on eligible travel. It also gives full transit and broad Suica merchant use. Foreign-issued card charging can be inconsistent and is not a guaranteed funding strategy, so residents often pair it with a Japanese card. Complete account recovery and device transfer through Mobile Suica and the device wallet. It is best for JR East commuters and many visitors or residents using iPhone or compatible Android."],"ja":["モバイルSuicaはアプリやモバイルウォレットで、対応の日本のカードや多くの対象カードとともに使えますが、カード別の特典対象は異なります。登録済みモバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）を得て、ビューカードでチャージすると1.5%加わるため、ビューでチャージした登録モバイルSuicaは対象移動で名目3.5%を重ねられます。全交通機能と広いSuica加盟店利用も得られます。海外発行カードのチャージは不安定で確実な手段ではないため、居住者は日本のカードと組み合わせることが多いです。口座復旧や端末移行はモバイルSuicaと端末ウォレットで行います。JR東日本の通勤者や、iPhone・対応Androidを使う多くの旅行者・居住者に最適です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["JR East commuters and iPhone/Android users"],"ja":["JR東日本の通勤者、iPhone／Android利用者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People relying only on a foreign card to charge"],"ja":["海外カードのみでチャージに頼る人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Foreign-card charging can fail intermittently — do not rely on it as your only funding."],"ja":["海外カードのチャージは断続的に失敗し得ます。唯一のチャージ手段に頼らないこと。"]},"faqs":["rewards-suica-register","rewards-suica-ride-rate","rewards-view-card-worth"],"sources":["jre-suica","view-card","apple-pay-jp"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["jre-point-guide","view-card-standard","train-commuter-rewards"]},{"slug":"ana-mileage-club","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"ANA Mileage Club guide","ja":"ANAマイレージクラブ ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"How ANA miles are earned, used, and valued, and why award charts change.","ja":"ANAマイルの貯め方・使い方・価値評価と、特典チャートが変わる理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"ANA miles are earned on flights, partner cards, and shopping, generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, and have no fixed cash value — value them against a fare you would actually buy, minus award taxes.","ja":"ANAマイルはフライト・提携カード・買い物で貯まり、原則として積算から36か月目末に失効し、固定の現金価値はありません。実際に買う運賃から特典税を引いて評価しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Earn on ANA flights, partner credit cards, hotels/car rental, and shopping malls.","Miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual.","International one-way awards can start from 6,000 miles depending on zone/season/class.","ANA revised domestic award rules effective May 19, 2026.","Star Alliance; family award-user registration is available under specified rules."],"ja":["ANA便・提携カード・ホテル／レンタカー・モール等で貯まる。","マイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効。","国際片道特典はゾーン・季節・クラスにより6,000マイルから。","ANAは2026年5月19日発効で国内特典ルールを改定。","スターアライアンス。規定に基づき家族特典利用者の登録が可能。"]},"sections":[{"id":"earn","heading":{"en":"Earning and elite status","ja":"獲得と上級会員"},"body":{"en":["ANA Mileage Club miles are earned on ANA flights (with class-based bonuses), partner credit cards (commonly 1 mile per ¥100 on an ANA card), hotels, car rental, and shopping malls, plus transfers from partner programs. Elite status (Diamond/Platinum/Bronze) is qualified separately through premium points, which measure activity and grant priority services, lounges, and upgrades rather than being spendable. Miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, so a slowly accumulating balance needs occasional use."],"ja":["ANAマイレージクラブのマイルは、ANA便（クラス別ボーナス付き）・提携カード（ANAカードで100円につき1マイルが一般的）・ホテル・レンタカー・モール、加えて提携プログラムからの移行で貯まります。上級会員（ダイヤモンド／プラチナ／ブロンズ）はプレミアムポイントで別に判定され、これは利用を測り、優先サービス・ラウンジ・アップグレードを与えるもので、使えるマイルではありません。マイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効するため、ゆっくり貯まる残高は時々使う必要があります。"]}},{"id":"value","heading":{"en":"Using and valuing miles","ja":"マイルの利用と価値評価"},"body":{"en":["Miles redeem for award flights (zone/season/class based), ANA SKY COINS, and retail. International one-way awards can start from 6,000 miles depending on zone, season, and class, but ANA revised domestic award rules effective May 19, 2026, so old charts are unsafe. No mile has a fixed cash value; a valid valuation subtracts award taxes, surcharges, and forgone benefits: (comparable cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) ÷ miles used. A ¥100,000 itinerary needing 50,000 miles and ¥20,000 of taxes yields ¥1.60 per mile. Use the fare you would really buy, not an expensive flexible fare chosen to inflate the number."],"ja":["マイルは特典航空券（ゾーン・季節・クラス別）・ANA SKY コイン・買い物に交換できます。国際片道特典はゾーン・季節・クラスにより6,000マイルから始まり得ますが、ANAは2026年5月19日発効で国内特典ルールを改定したため、古いチャートは危険です。固定の現金価値はなく、正しい評価は特典税・サーチャージ・放棄した利点を引きます。（比較可能な現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイルです。5万マイルと2万円の税が必要な10万円の旅程なら1マイル1.60円です。数字を膨らませる高い変更可能運賃ではなく、実際に買う運賃を使いましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Frequent ANA / Star Alliance travelers"],"ja":["ANA・スターアライアンスをよく使う人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People without realistic award redemptions"],"ja":["現実的な特典交換がない人"]},"warnings":{"en":["ANA miles expire ~36 months after accrual and award charts change — do not overvalue miles."],"ja":["ANAマイルは積算から約36か月で失効し、特典チャートは変わります。マイルを過大評価しないこと。"]},"faqs":["rewards-ana-expiry","rewards-ana-vs-jal","rewards-mile-value"],"sources":["ana-mileage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["jal-mileage-bank","ana-vs-jal","mile-value-calculator"]},{"slug":"jal-mileage-bank","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"JAL Mileage Bank guide","ja":"JALマイレージバンク ガイド"},"summary":{"en":"How JAL miles are earned and used, and how JMB PLUS dynamic pricing works.","ja":"JALマイルの貯め方・使い方と、JMB PLUSのダイナミック価格の仕組み。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"JAL miles are earned on flights, cards, and partners, generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, and use base award pricing plus JMB PLUS, which raises required miles when lower-priced inventory is unavailable.","ja":"JALマイルはフライト・カード・提携で貯まり、原則として積算から36か月目末に失効し、基本の特典価格＋JMB PLUS（低価格の在庫がないと必要マイルが上がる）を使います。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Free JMB membership; earn miles on flights, JAL cards (~1 mile/¥100), and partners.","Miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual.","Domestic awards use base pricing plus JMB PLUS when low inventory is unavailable.","Tickets issued from October 1, 2026 were subject to announced revisions.","oneworld alliance; Ponta transfers at two Ponta to one mile."],"ja":["JMB入会は無料。フライト・JALカード（100円につき約1マイル）・提携で獲得。","マイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効。","国内特典は基本価格＋JMB PLUS（低在庫がないとき）。","2026年10月1日以降発券分は改定の対象。","ワンワールド。PontaはPonta 2で1マイル。"]},"sections":[{"id":"guide","heading":{"en":"Earning, JMB PLUS, and valuation","ja":"獲得・JMB PLUS・価値評価"},"body":{"en":["JAL Mileage Bank offers free membership, and you earn miles on flights (zone-based), JAL credit cards (commonly 1 mile per ¥100), hotels, duty-free, and partners; Ponta transfers to JAL at two Ponta to one mile, and JCB Oki Doki points can convert. Miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual. Domestic awards use base pricing plus JMB PLUS, a mechanism that raises required miles above the base when lower-priced award inventory is unavailable, and tickets issued from October 1, 2026 were subject to announced revisions — so old charts are unsafe. As with ANA, value miles against a fare you would actually buy, minus award taxes and surcharges, not a fixed ¥2 assumption. Elite tiers (Crystal/Sapphire/Diamond) qualify separately and grant service benefits."],"ja":["JALマイレージバンクは入会無料で、フライト（ゾーン制）・JALカード（100円につき約1マイルが一般的）・ホテル・免税店・提携で貯まります。PontaはPonta 2で1マイル、JCBのOki Dokiポイントも交換できます。マイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効します。国内特典は基本価格＋JMB PLUS（低価格の特典在庫がないとき必要マイルを基本より上げる仕組み）を使い、2026年10月1日以降発券分は改定の対象のため、古いチャートは危険です。ANAと同様、固定の2円ではなく、実際に買う運賃から特典税・サーチャージを引いて評価しましょう。上級（クリスタル／サファイア／ダイヤモンド）は別に判定され、サービス特典を与えます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Frequent JAL / oneworld travelers"],"ja":["JAL・ワンワールドをよく使う人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People without realistic award redemptions"],"ja":["現実的な特典交換がない人"]},"warnings":{"en":["JMB PLUS can raise required miles; awards from Oct 1, 2026 were revised — verify current pricing."],"ja":["JMB PLUSで必要マイルが上がり得ます。2026年10月1日以降の特典は改定。現在の価格を確認。"]},"faqs":["rewards-jal-expiry","rewards-ana-vs-jal","rewards-jal-plus"],"sources":["jal-mileage","ponta-jal"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["ana-mileage-club","ana-vs-jal","ponta-points-guide"]},{"slug":"ana-vs-jal","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"ANA vs JAL programs compared","ja":"ANAとJALのプログラム比較"},"summary":{"en":"A side-by-side of earning, redemption, alliances, and why neither wins universally.","ja":"獲得・交換・アライアンスの比較と、どちらも万人向けではない理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Both miles expire ~36 months after accrual; ANA is Star Alliance and JAL is oneworld, so the better program is the one whose routes, home airport, and partner award inventory fit your real travel — there is no universal winner.","ja":"どちらもマイルは積算から約36か月で失効。ANAはスターアライアンス、JALはワンワールドで、あなたの実際の路線・拠点空港・提携特典在庫に合うほうが良く、万人向けの勝者はいません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Both expire generally at the end of the 36th month after accrual.","ANA: Star Alliance; JAL: oneworld — pick by your routes and partners.","ANA introduced revised domestic award rules from May 19, 2026.","JAL uses JMB PLUS dynamic pricing; changes for tickets from Oct 1, 2026.","Value depends on realistic award availability, not a headline per-mile figure."],"ja":["どちらも原則、積算から36か月目末に失効。","ANAはスターアライアンス、JALはワンワールド。路線と提携で選ぶ。","ANAは2026年5月19日から国内特典ルールを改定。","JALはJMB PLUSのダイナミック価格。2026年10月1日以降発券分は変更。","価値は表面的な1マイル単価でなく、現実的な特典の空席次第。"]},"sections":[{"id":"compare","heading":{"en":"How they differ and how to choose","ja":"違いと選び方"},"body":{"en":["ANA and JAL are similar on the fundamentals: miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, and both offer family arrangements under specified relationships and account rules. The decisive differences are alliance and structure. ANA is Star Alliance with revised domestic award rules effective May 19, 2026; JAL is oneworld and uses base pricing plus JMB PLUS dynamic pricing, with changes for tickets issued from October 1, 2026. Co-branded cards differ too (ANA cards across networks vs JAL, often JCB-leaning).","Choose by your real travel: the airline whose routes, home airport, and partner award inventory you can actually use. Neither is universally better, and a headline “¥2 per mile” is not a fact — value each program against the specific awards you would realistically book."],"ja":["ANAとJALは基本では似ています。マイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効し、どちらも規定の続柄・口座ルールの下で家族の仕組みを提供します。決定的な違いはアライアンスと構造です。ANAはスターアライアンスで、2026年5月19日発効の改定国内特典ルールを持ちます。JALはワンワールドで、基本価格＋JMB PLUSのダイナミック価格を使い、2026年10月1日以降発券分は変更されます。提携カードも異なります（ANAは複数ネットワーク、JALはJCB寄りが多い）。","実際の旅行で選びましょう。あなたの路線・拠点空港・提携特典在庫を実際に使えるほうです。どちらも万人向けに優れてはおらず、「1マイル2円」という見出しは事実ではありません。現実的に予約する具体的な特典に対して各プログラムを評価してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Frequent flyers weighing ANA vs JAL"],"ja":["ANAとJALを比べる利用者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People seeking a single universal “best” airline"],"ja":["唯一無二の最強航空会社を探す人"]},"warnings":{"en":["A per-mile valuation is not a fact; award charts changed in 2026 for both airlines."],"ja":["1マイル単価は事実ではありません。2026年に両社とも特典チャートが変わりました。"]},"faqs":["rewards-ana-vs-jal","rewards-mile-value"],"sources":["ana-mileage","jal-mileage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["ana-mileage-club","jal-mileage-bank","mile-value-calculator"]},{"slug":"hotel-travel-rewards","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Hotel loyalty and travel rewards in Japan","ja":"日本のホテルロイヤリティと旅行特典"},"summary":{"en":"International vs domestic hotel programs, and how to value hotel points honestly.","ja":"国際系と国内系のホテルプログラム、そしてホテルポイントを正直に評価する方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"International chains (Marriott Bonvoy, Hilton, IHG, Hyatt) favour transferable travel value, while domestic programs like One Harmony can be more practical for repeat Japanese stays; value points against the cash price you would actually pay, minus fees.","ja":"国際チェーン（Marriott Bonvoy・Hilton・IHG・Hyatt）は交換可能な旅行価値に強く、One Harmonyのような国内系は日本での再訪に実用的です。実際に払う現金価格から手数料を引いて評価しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Marriott Bonvoy awards ~10 base points per eligible US dollar; points expire after 24 months without activity.","One Harmony (Okura Nikko, Hotel JAL City) is free, offers tiers, and extends points two years after activity.","International chains favour transferable travel value; domestic programs favour simple stay-count awards.","Value hotel points against the cash price you would actually pay, minus resort fees and taxes.","Co-branded travel cards can add 1–2% plus miles, but value perks individually."],"ja":["Marriott Bonvoyは対象1米ドルにつき基本約10ポイント。24か月利用がないと失効。","One Harmony（オークラ ニッコー、ホテルJALシティ）は無料・段階制で、利用後2年延長。","国際系は交換可能な旅行価値、国内系は単純な宿泊数特典に強い。","ホテルポイントは実際に払う現金価格からリゾート料・税を引いて評価。","提携旅行カードは1〜2%＋マイルを加えるが、特典は個別に評価。"]},"sections":[{"id":"programs","heading":{"en":"International and domestic programs","ja":"国際系と国内系のプログラム"},"body":{"en":["Major international chains active in Japan — Marriott Bonvoy, Hilton Honors, IHG One Rewards, World of Hyatt — favour transferable travel value. Marriott Bonvoy ordinarily awards ten base points per eligible US dollar at most brands (exceptions by brand), and points generally expire after 24 months without qualifying activity, so occasional activity matters, though buying an unnecessary stay merely to extend points is rarely efficient. Domestic programs can be more practical for repeat Japanese stays: One Harmony covers Okura Nikko Hotels, Hotel JAL City and related properties, is free to join, offers tier status, and generally extends points two years after qualifying activity. Prince (Seibu), APA, and Toyoko Inn also run domestic programs."],"ja":["日本で活発な主要国際チェーン（Marriott Bonvoy・Hilton Honors・IHG One Rewards・World of Hyatt）は交換可能な旅行価値に強いです。Marriott Bonvoyは多くのブランドで対象1米ドルにつき基本10ポイント（ブランドにより例外）を付与し、ポイントは対象の利用が24か月ないと失効するため、時々の利用が重要ですが、ポイント延長のためだけに不要な宿泊を買うのはめったに効率的ではありません。国内系は日本での再訪に実用的です。One Harmonyはオークラ ニッコー ホテルズ、ホテルJALシティ等を対象に、入会無料・段階制で、対象の利用後に通常2年延長します。プリンス（西武）・APA・東横インも国内プログラムを運営します。"]}},{"id":"value","heading":{"en":"Valuing hotel points and travel cards","ja":"ホテルポイントと旅行カードの評価"},"body":{"en":["International hotel-point valuations should account for resort fees, taxes, fifth-night benefits, breakfast or lounge access, award availability, and the cash price the traveler would actually pay. Domestic programs with simple stamp or stay-count awards may outperform transferable points for frequent low-cost stays. Travel credit cards (ANA Card, JAL Card) can add 1–2% plus miles, but value the perks — lounge access, insurance, hotel benefits, family cards — individually, and only when you will genuinely use them. As always, a nominal point is worth only what you realistically redeem it for."],"ja":["国際ホテルのポイント評価は、リゾート料・税・5泊目特典・朝食やラウンジ・特典の空席・旅行者が実際に払う現金価格を織り込むべきです。単純なスタンプや宿泊数の国内プログラムは、頻繁な低価格宿泊では交換可能ポイントを上回ることがあります。旅行カード（ANAカード・JALカード）は1〜2%＋マイルを加えますが、ラウンジ・保険・ホテル特典・家族カードといった特典は個別に、実際に使う場合だけ評価しましょう。いつも通り、名目ポイントは現実的に交換できる価値しかありません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Travelers choosing a hotel program"],"ja":["ホテルプログラムを選ぶ旅行者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People buying stays purely to keep points alive"],"ja":["ポイント維持だけのために宿泊する人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Marriott points expire after 24 months of inactivity; do not buy an unnecessary stay to extend them."],"ja":["Marriottのポイントは24か月利用なしで失効。延長のために不要な宿泊をしないこと。"]},"faqs":["rewards-marriott-expiry","rewards-one-harmony"],"sources":["marriott-bonvoy","one-harmony"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["ana-mileage-club","jal-mileage-bank","domestic-traveler-rewards"]},{"slug":"stacking-credit-qr-store","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Stacking: credit card + QR + store points","ja":"二重・三重取り：クレカ＋QR＋店ポイント"},"summary":{"en":"How to legitimately earn card, wallet, and merchant points on one purchase — and the false stacks to avoid.","ja":"1回の買い物でカード・ウォレット・店のポイントを正当に取る方法と、避けるべき誤った重ね取り。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Present a merchant loyalty code, then pay with a rewarding card or QR wallet, so each eligible layer earns separately; verify every layer, and never add two rates that both include the same base.","ja":"店のポイントコードを提示し、還元のあるカードやQRウォレットで払えば、各層が別々に貯まります。各層を検証し、同じ基本を含む2つの率を足さないこと。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Triple-dipping = merchant point + payment-method point + eligible campaign.","Each layer must be independently eligible for the exact payment source.","Example: Lawson d POINT card + d払い funded by d Card, plus store points.","Do not add a base 0.5% on top of a category rate that already includes it.","A wallet accepting a card as funding does not prove the charge earns points."],"ja":["三重取り＝店のポイント＋決済方法のポイント＋対象キャンペーン。","各層は、その決済手段で個別に対象である必要がある。","例：ローソンのdポイントカード＋dカードでチャージしたd払い＋店ポイント。","基本0.5%を、それを含むカテゴリ率に上乗せしない。","ウォレットがカードをチャージ元にできても、そのチャージが対象とは限らない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how","heading":{"en":"How legitimate stacking works","ja":"正当な重ね取りの仕組み"},"body":{"en":["Stacking means receiving more than one legitimate reward from the same purchase — typically a merchant point (from scanning a loyalty card or app) plus a payment-method point (from the card or QR wallet used), and sometimes an entered campaign. At Lawson you might present a d POINT card, then pay with d払い funded by an eligible d Card, and receive the merchant’s d POINT plus roughly 1% from the wallet-and-card layer. The critical rule is that each layer must be independently eligible for the exact payment source: the merchant must participate in the point layer, and other-card funding of d払い receives no ordinary d払い points."],"ja":["重ね取りとは、同じ買い物から複数の正当な特典を受け取ることで、通常は店のポイント（ポイントカードやアプリの提示）に決済方法のポイント（使ったカードやQRウォレット）が加わり、時にエントリー済みキャンペーンも重なります。ローソンではdポイントカードを提示し、対象のdカードでチャージしたd払いで払えば、店のdポイントに加えウォレットとカードの層で約1%を得られます。重要なルールは、各層がその決済手段で個別に対象である必要があることです。店がポイント層に参加している必要があり、他社カードでチャージしたd払いは通常のd払いポイントを得ません。"]}},{"id":"false","heading":{"en":"Common false stacks","ja":"よくある誤った重ね取り"},"body":{"en":["Some combinations look like stacks but should not be counted without explicit current confirmation: a credit-card reward on every prepaid or QR-wallet charge; a wallet spending reward on a balance funded by an excluded card; both a seven-percent category rate and an extra base 0.5% when the seven percent already includes the base; rewards for tax, bill, e-money charge, investment, or cash-like transactions merely because the card is accepted; and an old card-to-e-money “loop” from a stale blog post. A wallet accepting a card as a funding source does not establish that the issuer awards points for the funding transaction — verify each layer on the transaction date."],"ja":["重ね取りに見えても、現在の明確な確認なしに数えてはいけない組み合わせがあります。あらゆる前払い・QRチャージへのカード還元、対象外カードでチャージした残高へのウォレット還元、7%が既に基本を含むのに7%＋基本0.5%を足すこと、カードが使えるというだけで税・請求・電子マネーチャージ・投資・現金同等取引に還元があるとみなすこと、古いブログのカード→電子マネーの「ループ」などです。ウォレットがカードをチャージ元にできることは、発行会社がそのチャージにポイントを付けることを意味しません。各層を取引日に検証しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Advanced users who plan spending"],"ja":["支出を計画する上級ユーザー"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who will not verify each layer"],"ja":["各層を検証しない人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never double-count a base rate, and never assume a wallet charge earns points."],"ja":["基本還元を二重計上せず、ウォレットへのチャージが必ずポイント対象とも考えないこと。"]},"faqs":["rewards-stacking","rewards-dpoint-dbarai","rewards-avoid-double-count"],"sources":["dpoint-official","dbarai","smbc-conveni","rakuten-pay"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["ecommerce-stacking","convenience-store-points","reward-stacking-checker"]},{"slug":"ecommerce-stacking","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"E-commerce + card + campaign stacks","ja":"EC＋カード＋キャンペーンの重ね取り"},"summary":{"en":"How marketplace base points, SPU, and entered campaigns combine — and why you compare the final price.","ja":"モールの基本ポイント・SPU・エントリー済みキャンペーンの組み合わせと、最終価格で比較する理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"On Rakuten Ichiba you can stack base points, card-related SPU, and an entered campaign, but entry, tax-exclusive calculation, caps, and limited-time expiration differ by component — always compare the item’s final delivered price.","ja":"楽天市場では基本ポイント・カード系SPU・エントリー済みキャンペーンを重ねられますが、エントリー・税抜計算・上限・期間限定失効が要素ごとに異なります。商品の支払総額で必ず比較を。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Rakuten Ichiba: base points + Rakuten Card SPU + entered campaigns (up to big multipliers).","Yahoo Shopping: PayPay Points + PayPay Card + weekly coupons.","Entry is often required; several components are limited-time points.","Rakuten campaigns commonly calculate points after coupon reductions.","Compare the item’s final price after coupons, shipping, and points."],"ja":["楽天市場：基本ポイント＋楽天カードSPU＋エントリー済みキャンペーン（大きな倍率まで）。","Yahoo!ショッピング：PayPayポイント＋PayPayカード＋週次クーポン。","エントリーが必要なことが多く、いくつかの要素は期間限定ポイント。","楽天のキャンペーンは通常クーポン値引き後にポイントを計算。","商品の支払総額（クーポン・送料・ポイント後）で比較。"]},"sections":[{"id":"guide","heading":{"en":"Combining marketplace layers","ja":"モールの層を組み合わせる"},"body":{"en":["Marketplace stacking combines base marketplace points, card-related SPU, and eligible temporary campaign points. On Rakuten Ichiba, the base is about 1% with a Rakuten Card, SPU adds points as you use more group services, and shopping-marathon or big campaigns can add more — but entry, tax-exclusive calculation, caps, shipment timing, and limited-time expiration differ by component, and several SPU and campaign components are limited-time points. On Yahoo Shopping, PayPay Points combine with the PayPay Card and weekly coupons. Because Rakuten campaigns commonly calculate points after coupon reductions, and caps are often low, the only reliable comparison is the item’s final delivered price after coupons, shipping, and realistically-valued points across marketplaces."],"ja":["モールの重ね取りは、基本の市場ポイント・カード系SPU・対象の一時キャンペーンポイントを組み合わせます。楽天市場では、楽天カードで基本約1%、SPUはグループサービスを使うほど加算し、お買い物マラソンや大型キャンペーンでさらに増えますが、エントリー・税抜計算・上限・出荷時期・期間限定失効が要素ごとに異なり、いくつかのSPU・キャンペーン分は期間限定ポイントです。Yahoo!ショッピングではPayPayポイントがPayPayカードや週次クーポンと組み合わさります。楽天のキャンペーンは通常クーポン値引き後にポイントを計算し、上限も低いことが多いため、確実な比較はモール横断での商品の支払総額（クーポン・送料・現実的に評価したポイント後）だけです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Online shoppers optimising marketplace rewards"],"ja":["モールの特典を最適化するオンライン購入者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who ignore caps and limited-time expiry"],"ja":["上限や期間限定失効を無視する人"]},"warnings":{"en":["SPU/campaign points are often limited-time and capped — compare the final price, not the multiplier."],"ja":["SPU・キャンペーンポイントは期間限定・上限付きが多い。倍率でなく最終価格で比較。"]},"faqs":["rewards-rakuten-spu","rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon"],"sources":["rakuten-spu","rakuten-card-terms","paypay-points"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-card"],"relatedArticles":["stacking-credit-qr-store","ecommerce-points-programs"]},{"slug":"compare-point-ecosystems","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Rakuten vs PayPay vs d vs Ponta vs V: ecosystem comparison","ja":"楽天／PayPay／d／Ponta／V：経済圏比較"},"summary":{"en":"How the five largest general ecosystems differ by anchor, expiry, QR app, and best user.","ja":"5大経済圏を、軸・有効期限・QRアプリ・最適ユーザーで比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Rakuten suits online/integrated users, PayPay suits broad in-person QR with no ordinary-point expiry, d POINT suits docomo, Ponta suits au/Lawson/JAL, and V Points suit SMBC/SBI — choose the one matching your existing services.","ja":"楽天はオンライン／統合利用、PayPayは広い対面QR（通常ポイント無期限）、dはドコモ、Pontaはau／ローソン／JAL、VはSMBC／SBI向け。既存のサービスに合うものを選びましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Rakuten: anchor is Rakuten Ichiba/services; watch limited-time points.","PayPay: broad QR acceptance; ordinary points do not expire.","d POINT: straightforward docomo and d払い linkage; fixed 48-month expiry.","Ponta: au/Lawson/Recruit/JAL utility; extended by activity.","V Points: banking, card, investment, and merchant integration."],"ja":["楽天：軸は楽天市場・サービス。期間限定ポイントに注意。","PayPay：広いQR加盟店。通常ポイントは無期限。","dポイント：ドコモ・d払いと分かりやすく連携。固定48か月で失効。","Ponta：au／ローソン／リクルート／JALの利便。利用で延長。","Vポイント：銀行・カード・投資・加盟店の統合。"]},"sections":[{"id":"grid","heading":{"en":"The five ecosystems side by side","ja":"5つの経済圏の比較"},"body":{"en":["The five largest general ecosystems differ mainly by natural anchor, expiration, and QR app. Rakuten anchors on Rakuten Ichiba and services with an activity-oriented expiry (watch limited-time points), and its QR app is Rakuten Pay. PayPay anchors on PayPay and Yahoo/SoftBank with no expiry for ordinary points and the broadest QR acceptance. d POINT anchors on docomo and d払い with a fixed 48-month expiry. Ponta anchors on au, Lawson, Recruit, and JAL, extended by qualifying activity, with au PAY as the companion wallet. V Points anchor on SMBC/Olive, SBI, and a broad merchant network, extended by qualifying balance activity, with V Point Pay as a prepaid option rather than a single dominant QR app."],"ja":["5大経済圏は主に、自然な軸・有効期限・QRアプリで異なります。楽天は楽天市場・サービスを軸に、利用ベースの有効期限（期間限定ポイントに注意）で、QRアプリは楽天ペイです。PayPayはPayPay・Yahoo／SoftBankを軸に、通常ポイント無期限で最も広いQR加盟店を持ちます。dポイントはドコモ・d払いを軸に、固定48か月で失効します。Pontaはau・ローソン・リクルート・JALを軸に、対象の利用で延長され、相棒ウォレットはau PAYです。VポイントはSMBC／Olive・SBI・広い加盟店網を軸に、対象の残高変動で延長され、単一の主要QRアプリではなく前払いのV Point Payを持ちます。"]}},{"id":"choose","heading":{"en":"Which to choose","ja":"どれを選ぶか"},"body":{"en":["Match the ecosystem to your existing services rather than chasing the highest headline rate. Rakuten is the strongest beginner reason for heavy Rakuten customers (one-percent card plus integrated ecommerce); PayPay for broad QR and no ordinary-point expiry; d POINT for docomo customers; Ponta for au/Lawson/JAL users; V Points for SMBC/SBI users. The PayPay and V Point systems now support mutual one-to-one exchange, but the converted V balance has fixed one-year validity and the exchange has limits, so exchange to solve a real redemption need, not just to move points. Concentrating on one ecosystem beats maintaining several nearly interchangeable balances."],"ja":["最高の表面率を追うより、既存のサービスに経済圏を合わせましょう。楽天は楽天を多用する人に最強の初心者理由（1%カード＋統合EC）、PayPayは広いQRと通常ポイント無期限、dポイントはドコモ顧客、Pontaはau／ローソン／JALユーザー、VポイントはSMBC／SBIユーザーに向きます。PayPayとVポイントは1対1の相互交換に対応しましたが、交換で得たV残高は固定1年で、交換には上限があるため、ポイントを移すだけでなく実際の交換需要を解くために交換しましょう。1つの経済圏への集中は、ほぼ同等の残高を複数持つより優れます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People choosing a single primary ecosystem"],"ja":["主要な経済圏を1つ選ぶ人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People wanting to run all five at once"],"ja":["5つ全部を同時に運用したい人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Exchanging PayPay↔V just to move points can strand value in a fixed one-year balance."],"ja":["ポイント移動だけのPayPay↔V交換は、固定1年残高に価値を固定し得ます。"]},"faqs":["points-which-ecosystem","points-paypay-vs-rakuten","rewards-paypay-vpoint"],"sources":["rakuten-point","paypay-points","dpoint-official","ponta-official","vpoint-official"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-card","epos-card"],"relatedArticles":["choosing-a-point-ecosystem","best-programs-by-category","best-qr-payment-apps"]},{"slug":"best-programs-by-category","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Best programs by category and persona","ja":"カテゴリ・ペルソナ別のおすすめプログラム"},"summary":{"en":"The most defensible starting choice for beginners, foreign residents, shoppers, travelers, and investors.","ja":"初心者・外国人居住者・買い物客・旅行者・投資家に、最も妥当な出発点。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Beginners: the ecosystem matching your carrier/bank; foreign residents: a free loyalty account first, then a no-fee card; convenience: SMBC NL smartphone-touch; supermarket: WAON at AEON; travel: ANA/JAL only when redemption is realistic.","ja":"初心者：携帯・銀行に合う経済圏。外国人居住者：まず無料ポイント、次に無料カード。コンビニ：SMBC NLのスマホタッチ。スーパー：イオンでWAON。旅行：交換が現実的なときだけANA／JAL。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Beginner: Rakuten or PayPay, or the ecosystem attached to your mobile carrier.","Foreign resident: a free loyalty account first, then a no-fee card after building history.","Convenience stores: SMBC NL smartphone-touch route at eligible chains.","Supermarkets: WAON POINT at AEON; otherwise the store’s own program.","Travel: ANA or JAL only when award redemption is realistic."],"ja":["初心者：楽天かPayPay、または携帯キャリアに紐づく経済圏。","外国人居住者：まず無料ポイント、履歴を作ってから無料カード。","コンビニ：対象チェーンでSMBC NLのスマホタッチ。","スーパー：イオンでWAON POINT、他は店独自プログラム。","旅行：特典交換が現実的なときだけANAかJAL。"]},"sections":[{"id":"by-use","heading":{"en":"Leading starting choice by use case","ja":"用途別の出発点"},"body":{"en":["For a complete beginner, start with Rakuten Points, PayPay Points, or the ecosystem attached to your mobile carrier — broad utility and easy ¥1-style redemption. A foreign resident should open a free loyalty account first (membership is easier than credit underwriting), then apply for a no-fee card after establishing address, phone, and bank history. For everyday spending, a one-percent no-fee card plus the merchant point already offered keeps complexity and expiration risk low. Convenience-store shoppers get the most from the SMBC NL smartphone-touch route at eligible chains (up to 7%, method-specific). Supermarket shoppers should use WAON POINT at AEON-group stores, or the supermarket’s own program elsewhere."],"ja":["完全な初心者は、楽天ポイント・PayPayポイント・携帯キャリアに紐づく経済圏から始めましょう。広い利便性と1円換算の分かりやすい交換が得られます。外国人居住者はまず無料のポイント口座を作り（会員登録は与信より容易）、住所・電話・銀行の履歴を作ってから無料カードに申し込みます。日常の支出には、1%の無料カードと既にある店のポイントを組み合わせると、複雑さと失効リスクを低く保てます。コンビニ利用者は、対象チェーンでのSMBC NLのスマホタッチ経路（最大7%、方法限定）が最も有利です。スーパー利用者は、イオングループではWAON POINT、他店では店独自のプログラムを使いましょう。"]}},{"id":"by-persona","heading":{"en":"By persona and spending level","ja":"ペルソナ・支出水準別"},"body":{"en":["By carrier: SoftBank/Y!mobile users fit PayPay; docomo users fit d POINT and d払い (consider d Card tiers only after fee analysis); au/UQ users fit Ponta and au PAY. For travel, choose ANA or JAL only when award redemption is realistic; otherwise prefer flexible points or cash-equivalent value, because miles expire and availability can constrain value. Investors should use the bank–card–brokerage combination already suitable for them (card-investment rewards are secondary to fees, fund choice, and risk). Low spenders should avoid annual fees and high-minimum airline transfers; high spenders should optimise thresholds but stop using a weaker card once its useful cap is reached."],"ja":["キャリア別では、SoftBank／Y!mobileはPayPay、ドコモはdポイントとd払い（dカードの上位は年会費分析の後で）、au／UQはPontaとau PAYが合います。旅行では、特典交換が現実的なときだけANAかJALを選び、そうでなければ柔軟なポイントや現金同等の価値を優先します。マイルは失効し、空席が価値を制約するためです。投資家は、既に適した銀行・カード・証券の組み合わせを使うべきで、クレカ積立の還元は手数料・ファンド選び・リスクより二次的です。少額支出者は年会費と最低数量の高いマイル交換を避け、多額支出者はしきい値を最適化しつつ、有用な上限に達したら弱いカードの利用をやめましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People matching a program to their situation"],"ja":["状況にプログラムを合わせる人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People wanting one answer for everyone"],"ja":["万人向けの唯一の答えを求める人"]},"warnings":{"en":["No program is best for everyone; the right choice depends on your merchant mix, caps, and fees."],"ja":["万人向けの最良はありません。加盟店構成・上限・手数料で最適は変わります。"]},"faqs":["rewards-beginner-program","rewards-foreign-first-card","rewards-no-fee-cards"],"sources":["smbc-conveni","waon-point","rakuten-point","paypay-points"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-card","epos-card"],"relatedArticles":["compare-point-ecosystems","best-credit-cards-by-category","foreign-resident-rewards"]},{"slug":"best-credit-cards-by-category","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Best credit cards by category","ja":"カテゴリ別のおすすめクレジットカード"},"summary":{"en":"The most defensible cards for no-fee general use, convenience, transit, young applicants, and premium.","ja":"無料の汎用・コンビニ・交通・若年層・プレミアムで最も妥当なカード。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Best no-fee general: Rakuten/PayPay/au PAY/d Card (~1% each); best convenience specialist: SMBC NL; best young no-fee: JCB Card W; best train: a suitable View card; best premium: whichever recurring benefit exceeds its fee.","ja":"無料汎用：楽天／PayPay／au PAY／dカード（各約1%）。コンビニ特化：SMBC NL。若年無料：JCB カード W。交通：適したビューカード。プレミアム：継続特典が年会費を上回るもの。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Best no-fee general return: Rakuten, PayPay, au PAY, or d Card — choose by ecosystem.","Best convenience specialist: SMBC NL (exact eligible smartphone route).","Best first premium threshold: SMBC Gold NL when ¥1M annual spend is predictable.","Best young no-fee: JCB Card W (apply by age 39).","Best train: a suitable View card for frequent JR East/Mobile Suica users."],"ja":["無料汎用：楽天・PayPay・au PAY・dカード。経済圏で選ぶ。","コンビニ特化：SMBC NL（対象のスマホ経路）。","最初のプレミアム：年100万利用が見込めるならSMBC ゴールドNL。","若年無料：JCB カード W（39歳までに申込）。","交通：JR東日本・モバイルSuicaを頻用するなら適したビューカード。"]},"sections":[{"id":"categories","heading":{"en":"The most defensible shortlist per goal","ja":"目的別の最も妥当な候補"},"body":{"en":["For the best no-annual-fee general return, Rakuten Card, PayPay Card, au PAY Card, and d Card each offer an ordinary rate near one percent in their own point system, so choose by redemption ecosystem. The best selected convenience-store specialist is SMBC Numberless via the precise eligible smartphone payment route. The best first premium threshold card is SMBC Gold Numberless when ¥1,000,000 of natural eligible annual spending is predictable, and the best PayPay premium is PayPay Card Gold where the annual-spend and SoftBank benefits justify the fee. The best young-applicant no-fee card is JCB Card W (apply by age 39)."],"ja":["無料の汎用還元では、楽天カード・PayPayカード・au PAYカード・dカードがそれぞれ自社ポイントで約1%の通常率を提供するため、交換の経済圏で選びます。対象コンビニ特化の最良はSMBC（NL）で、対象のスマホ決済経路を正確に使います。最初のプレミアムのしきい値カードはSMBC ゴールド（NL）で、年間100万円の自然な対象利用が見込めるときに最適です。PayPayのプレミアムはPayPayカード ゴールドで、年間利用とSoftBank特典が年会費を正当化するときです。若年層向けの無料カードはJCB カード W（39歳までに申込）です。"]}},{"id":"premium","heading":{"en":"Transit, cashback-like, and premium","ja":"交通・キャッシュバック的・プレミアム"},"body":{"en":["For transit, a suitable View card wins for frequent JR East/Mobile Suica users — route and regional railway matter more than national rankings. For cashback-like simplicity, choose a one-percent card whose points are automatically or routinely used at ¥1 (these are technically point cards, not bank cashback). For airlines, pick the ANA or JAL card matching actual use and transfer plan; there is no universal winner because annual fees and award availability dominate. For premium, the best card is the one whose recurring benefit exceeds its fee without a behaviour change — value lounge count, insurance, hotel benefits, and family cards individually, and never manufacture spending to reach a threshold."],"ja":["交通では、JR東日本・モバイルSuicaを頻用する人に適したビューカードが勝ちます。全国順位より路線と地域鉄道が重要です。キャッシュバック的な単純さでは、ポイントが自動的または日常的に1円で使われる1%カードを選びます（技術的には銀行のキャッシュバックでなくポイントカードです）。航空では、実際の利用と交換計画に合うANAかJALのカードを選びます。年会費と特典の空席が支配的で、万人向けの勝者はいません。プレミアムでは、行動を変えずに継続特典が年会費を上回るカードが最良です。ラウンジ回数・保険・ホテル特典・家族カードを個別に評価し、しきい値到達のために支出を作らないこと。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Card shoppers comparing by goal"],"ja":["目的別に比較するカード検討者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People seeking one card for everyone"],"ja":["万人向けの1枚を探す人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never manufacture spending to hit a threshold; a fee is only worth paying for benefits you use."],"ja":["しきい値のために支出を作らないこと。年会費は使う特典にだけ見合います。"]},"faqs":["rewards-no-fee-cards","rewards-smbc-7-percent","rewards-premium-card-worth"],"sources":["rakuten-card-terms","smbc-nl","smbc-gold-nl","jcb-card-w","view-card"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-card","epos-card"],"relatedArticles":["best-programs-by-category","smbc-numberless-card","best-qr-payment-apps"]},{"slug":"best-qr-payment-apps","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Best QR-payment apps compared","ja":"おすすめQR決済アプリ比較"},"summary":{"en":"PayPay, Rakuten Pay, d払い, au PAY, and Merpay by coverage, funding, and earning.","ja":"PayPay・楽天ペイ・d払い・au PAY・メルペイを加盟店・チャージ・還元で比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"PayPay has the broadest acceptance and no ordinary-point expiry, Rakuten Pay is best for Rakuten users, d払い for docomo/d POINT, au PAY for Ponta/au, and Merpay for active Mercari users.","ja":"PayPayは最も広い加盟店と通常ポイント無期限、楽天ペイは楽天ユーザー、d払いはドコモ／dポイント、au PAYはPonta／au、メルペイはメルカリ活用者に最適です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["PayPay: broadest merchant coverage; ordinary points do not expire.","Rakuten Pay: best for Rakuten users; up to 2.5% with point-card presentation.","d払い: best for docomo/d POINT; ~1% with eligible d Card funding.","au PAY: best for Ponta/au; withdrawal free at au Jibun Bank.","Merpay: best for active Mercari buyers and sellers."],"ja":["PayPay：最も広い加盟店。通常ポイントは無期限。","楽天ペイ：楽天ユーザーに最適。ポイントカード提示で最大2.5%。","d払い：ドコモ／dポイントに最適。対象dカードチャージで約1%。","au PAY：Ponta／auに最適。auじぶん銀行への出金は無料。","メルペイ：メルカリを活発に使う人に最適。"]},"sections":[{"id":"compare","heading":{"en":"How the wallets compare","ja":"ウォレットの比較"},"body":{"en":["The five main QR wallets differ by acceptance, funding options, and earning. PayPay has the broadest merchant coverage (around ten million stores) and ordinary points that do not expire, but Step earning requires KYC and excludes point-funded portions. Rakuten Pay is best for Rakuten users and can reach up to 2.5% with eligible point-card presentation and qualifying Rakuten Cash payment. d払い is best for docomo and d POINT users, earning about 1% with eligible d Card funding, though other-card funding earns no ordinary d払い points. au PAY is best for Ponta and au users, with free withdrawal at au Jibun Bank. Merpay is best for active Mercari buyers and sellers rather than as a universal points app."],"ja":["主要5つのQRウォレットは、加盟店・チャージ手段・還元で異なります。PayPayは最も広い加盟店（約1,000万店）と無期限の通常ポイントを持ちますが、ステップの獲得は本人確認が必要でポイント払い分は対象外です。楽天ペイは楽天ユーザーに最適で、対象のポイントカード提示と対象の楽天キャッシュ払いで最大2.5%になり得ます。d払いはドコモ・dポイントユーザーに最適で、対象のdカードチャージで約1%ですが、他社カードのチャージは通常のd払いポイントを得ません。au PAYはPonta・auユーザーに最適で、auじぶん銀行への出金は無料です。メルペイは汎用ポイントアプリではなく、メルカリを活発に使う人に最適です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Mobile-payment users choosing a wallet"],"ja":["ウォレットを選ぶモバイル決済ユーザー"]},"notFor":{"en":["People expecting one wallet to win every category"],"ja":["1つのウォレットが全カテゴリで勝つと思う人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Merchant acceptance and earning rules change — verify the current app terms before relying on a rate."],"ja":["加盟店と獲得ルールは変わります。率に頼る前にアプリの現在の条件を確認。"]},"faqs":["rewards-best-qr-app","rewards-paypay-charge-points"],"sources":["paypay-points","rakuten-pay","dbarai","aupay-app","merpay-guide"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["paypay-app-guide","rakuten-pay-guide","compare-point-ecosystems"]},{"slug":"points-cashback-calculator","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Points vs cashback calculator and comparison","ja":"ポイント対キャッシュバック 計算と比較"},"summary":{"en":"A method for comparing point and cashback returns using realistic redemption probability.","ja":"現実的な交換確率を使い、ポイントとキャッシュバックのリターンを比較する方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Value a point option at points × probability of redemption × realistic value; a 10,000-point award redeemed 80% of the time at ¥0.80 is worth ¥6,400, not ¥10,000.","ja":"ポイントは「ポイント×交換確率×現実的価値」で評価します。10,000ポイントを80%の確率で0.80円で使うなら、10,000円でなく6,400円の価値です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Annual points value = spend × point rate × point value.","Annual cashback value = spend × cashback rate.","Point option value = points × probability of redemption × realistic value.","Points can outperform via bonuses/travel but carry expiry and devaluation.","Cashback is simpler and more certain."],"ja":["年間ポイント価値＝支出×ポイント率×ポイント価値。","年間キャッシュバック価値＝支出×キャッシュバック率。","ポイントの価値＝ポイント×交換確率×現実的価値。","ポイントはボーナス／旅行で上回り得るが失効・価値低下を伴う。","キャッシュバックは単純で確実。"]},"sections":[{"id":"calc","heading":{"en":"The formulas and a worked example","ja":"計算式と計算例"},"body":{"en":["To compare, compute annual points value as spend × point rate × point value, and annual cashback value as spend × cashback rate. At ¥200,000/month and 1% both nominally return ¥24,000/year — but the point option must be discounted for redemption reality. Value a point option at points × probability of redemption × realistic value: a 10,000-point award with an 80% probability of redemption at ¥0.80 per point has an expected value of ¥6,400, not ¥10,000. Points can outperform cash through merchant bonuses or high-value travel redemption, but they carry expiration, devaluation, and restricted use; cashback is simpler and more certain. Many residents run both — a cashback-like card plus one point ecosystem."],"ja":["比較するには、年間ポイント価値を「支出×ポイント率×ポイント価値」、年間キャッシュバック価値を「支出×キャッシュバック率」で計算します。月20万円・1%ならどちらも名目で年24,000円ですが、ポイント側は交換の現実で割り引く必要があります。ポイントの価値は「ポイント×交換確率×現実的価値」で評価します。10,000ポイントを80%の確率で1ポイント0.80円で使うなら、期待値は10,000円でなく6,400円です。ポイントは店舗ボーナスや価値の高い旅行交換で現金を上回り得ますが、失効・価値低下・用途制限を伴います。キャッシュバックは単純で確実です。多くの居住者は両方（キャッシュバック的なカード＋1つのポイント経済圏）を併用します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Decision-makers choosing a payment strategy"],"ja":["決済戦略を選ぶ人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People valuing points at their advertised maximum"],"ja":["ポイントを広告上の最大値で評価する人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Reward estimates are editorial: they assume ¥1 per point, exclude signup bonuses and campaigns, and assume every card is paid in full. Rebuild them with current terms before relying on them."],"ja":["還元の試算は編集上のもので、1ポイント1円、入会特典・キャンペーン除外、全カード全額払いを前提とします。頼る前に現在の条件で作り直してください。"]},"faqs":["rewards-points-vs-cashback","rewards-point-value"],"sources":["boj-payments"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["points-vs-cashback-guide","annual-fee-calculator"]},{"slug":"annual-fee-calculator","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Annual-fee break-even and decision tools","ja":"年会費の損益分岐と意思決定ツール"},"summary":{"en":"How to compute break-even spending for a paid card, and the other reward calculators.","ja":"有料カードの損益分岐支出の計算と、その他の還元計算ツール。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Break-even spending = (annual fee − fixed benefits actually used) ÷ premium incremental rate; do not count lounges at retail price unless you would otherwise pay it.","ja":"損益分岐支出＝（年会費−実際に使う固定特典）÷上乗せ率。ラウンジは、そうでなければ払う場合を除き小売価格で数えないこと。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Break-even spending = (annual fee − fixed benefits used) ÷ premium incremental rate.","A credit-card reward calculator applies the category rate only up to the cap.","Do not value lounges at walk-in price unless you would pay it.","Expected expiration loss (e.g. 2% of earned points) belongs in the net figure.","Rewards are a secondary tie-breaker, never the primary reason for a product."],"ja":["損益分岐支出＝（年会費−実際に使う固定特典）÷上乗せ率。","カード還元計算はカテゴリ率を上限までしか適用しない。","払う場合を除き、ラウンジをウォークイン価格で評価しない。","想定失効損（例：獲得ポイントの2%）は純額に含める。","特典は二次的なタイブレークで、商品選びの主因ではない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"breakeven","heading":{"en":"Break-even and the reward calculator","ja":"損益分岐と還元計算"},"body":{"en":["A paid card is worth its fee only when incremental rewards and used benefits exceed it. Break-even spending = (annual fee − fixed benefits actually used) ÷ premium incremental rate. Do not count airport lounges at their retail walk-in price unless you would otherwise pay that amount, and do not manufacture spending to reach a threshold. A full credit-card reward calculator takes annual general spending, category spending, base rate, category rate and cap, annual threshold bonus, annual fee, redemption value, expected expiration loss, and excluded transactions, then outputs gross and net reward — applying the category rate only to the smaller of category spending and the cap. Net annual reward = base rewards + bonuses − fees − expiration losses − extra costs."],"ja":["有料カードは、上乗せの還元と使う特典が年会費を上回るときだけ見合います。損益分岐支出＝（年会費−実際に使う固定特典）÷上乗せ率。空港ラウンジは、そうでなければ払う場合を除きウォークイン価格で数えず、しきい値到達のために支出を作らないこと。完全なカード還元計算は、年間の一般支出・カテゴリ支出・基本率・カテゴリ率と上限・年間しきい値ボーナス・年会費・交換価値・想定失効損・除外取引を入力し、総額と純額を出します。カテゴリ率はカテゴリ支出と上限の小さいほうにのみ適用します。純年間還元＝基本還元＋ボーナス−手数料−失効損−追加費用。"]}},{"id":"other-tools","heading":{"en":"Other calculators and the time cost","ja":"他のツールと時間コスト"},"body":{"en":["Related tools use the same discipline. The mile-value calculator divides (comparable cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) by miles used. The QR-payment funding optimizer sums charge reward + wallet-spend reward + merchant reward − fees, marking any component zero unless official terms confirm it. The point-expiration tracker sets alerts at 90, 30, and 7 days. Above all, apply a personal hourly value to tracking time: net optimization benefit = extra rewards − fees − (hours × value of time). An extra ¥6,000 per year needing two hours a month is worth only about ¥250 per hour before error and overspending risk."],"ja":["関連ツールも同じ規律を使います。マイル価値計算は（比較可能な現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイルです。QR決済チャージ最適化はチャージ還元＋ウォレット還元＋店還元−手数料を合計し、公式条件が確認しない要素はゼロとします。ポイント失効トラッカーは90日・30日・7日前に通知します。何より、管理時間に個人の時給を当てましょう。純最適化便益＝追加還元−手数料−（時間×時間価値）。月2時間で年6,000円増でも、誤りや使いすぎのリスク前で時給約250円にすぎません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Card shoppers and optimisers"],"ja":["カード検討者・最適化する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People ignoring caps, expiry, and time cost"],"ja":["上限・失効・時間コストを無視する人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Reward estimates are editorial: they assume ¥1 per point, exclude signup bonuses and campaigns, and assume every card is paid in full. Rebuild them with current terms before relying on them."],"ja":["還元の試算は編集上のもので、1ポイント1円、入会特典・キャンペーン除外、全カード全額払いを前提とします。頼る前に現在の条件で作り直してください。"]},"faqs":["rewards-break-even","rewards-premium-card-worth"],"sources":["boj-payments"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["points-cashback-calculator","mile-value-calculator","best-credit-cards-by-category"]},{"slug":"mile-value-calculator","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Airline-mile value calculator","ja":"マイル価値の計算"},"summary":{"en":"How to compute the real per-mile value of an award, net of taxes and forgone benefits.","ja":"税・放棄した利点を差し引いた、特典の実質1マイル価値の計算。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Mile value = (comparable cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) ÷ miles used; use the fare you would really buy, and remember taxes and surcharges remain on award tickets.","ja":"マイル価値＝（比較可能な現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイル。実際に買う運賃を使い、特典券にも税・サーチャージが残ることを忘れないこと。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Mile value = (cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) ÷ miles used.","Use the fare you would actually buy, not an inflated flexible fare.","Taxes, airport charges, and fuel surcharges remain on award tickets.","A ¥100,000 fare needing 50,000 miles + ¥20,000 taxes = ¥1.60/mile.","Compare against cash or statement-credit redemption before transferring."],"ja":["マイル価値＝（現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイル。","膨らませた変更可能運賃でなく、実際に買う運賃を使う。","特典券にも税・空港料・燃油サーチャージが残る。","5万マイル＋2万円の税が必要な10万円運賃＝1マイル1.60円。","交換前に現金や明細クレジットでの交換と比較。"]},"sections":[{"id":"calc","heading":{"en":"Computing real mile value","ja":"実質マイル価値の計算"},"body":{"en":["No mile has a fixed cash value. To value one, divide (comparable cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) by miles used. A ¥100,000 cash itinerary requiring 50,000 miles and ¥20,000 of award taxes yields (100,000 − 20,000) ÷ 50,000 = ¥1.60 per mile. Crucially, the “comparable cash fare” should be the fare you would really buy, not an expensive flexible fare chosen to inflate the number, and taxes, airport charges, and fuel surcharges do not disappear on award tickets. Inputs should also include positioning travel, change/cancellation risk, points transferred, transfer ratio, and miles likely to expire. Show value per redeemed mile, value per original credit-card point, value after any transfer bonus, and the comparison with cash or statement-credit redemption — then transfer only if the award genuinely beats those alternatives."],"ja":["マイルに固定の現金価値はありません。評価するには（比較可能な現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイルで計算します。5万マイルと2万円の特典税が必要な10万円の現金旅程なら、（100,000−20,000）÷50,000＝1マイル1.60円です。重要なのは、「比較可能な現金運賃」は数字を膨らませる高い変更可能運賃でなく実際に買う運賃であるべきで、特典券でも税・空港料・燃油サーチャージは消えないことです。入力には、ポジショニング移動・変更／取消リスク・移行ポイント・交換レート・失効しそうなマイルも含めます。使用1マイルあたりの価値、元のカードポイントあたりの価値、交換ボーナス後の価値、現金や明細クレジットでの交換との比較を示し、特典がそれらの代替を本当に上回るときだけ交換しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Travelers deciding whether to transfer to miles"],"ja":["マイル交換の是非を決める旅行者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People assuming a fixed ¥2 per mile"],"ja":["1マイル2円固定と考える人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Direct mile conversion often yields under ¥0.5/point unless the award is genuinely high-value."],"ja":["マイル直接交換は、特典が本当に高価値でない限り1ポイント0.5円未満になりがち。"]},"faqs":["rewards-mile-value","rewards-transfer-miles"],"sources":["ana-mileage","jal-mileage"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["ana-mileage-club","jal-mileage-bank","redeem-points-guide"]},{"slug":"reward-stacking-checker","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Reward-stacking checker and campaign checklist","ja":"重ね取りチェッカーとキャンペーン確認表"},"summary":{"en":"A layer-by-layer validation method that rejects false stacks and tracks campaign eligibility.","ja":"誤った重ね取りを弾き、キャンペーンの対象性を追う、層ごとの検証法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"For each layer, confirm merchant eligibility, the exact funding source, the exact contactless rail, campaign entry, remaining cap, coupon rules, refund risk, and expiration — and reject any stack where two rates both include the same base.","ja":"各層で、店の対象性・正確なチャージ元・正確な非接触経路・キャンペーンのエントリー・残り上限・クーポン規則・返品リスク・有効期限を確認し、同じ基本を含む2つの率が重なる重ね取りは弾きます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Merchant: does the store award points with this payment method?","Funding/rail: is the exact source and contactless rail eligible?","Campaign: was entry completed before the deadline? Is cap remaining?","Coupon/refund: does it reduce eligible spend or reverse the bonus?","Reject a stack when two rates both include the same base reward."],"ja":["店：この決済方法で店はポイントを付けるか。","チャージ元／経路：正確な手段と非接触経路は対象か。","キャンペーン：期限前にエントリー済みか。上限は残っているか。","クーポン／返品：対象額を減らすか、ボーナスを取り消すか。","同じ基本を含む2つの率が重なる場合は弾く。"]},"sections":[{"id":"checker","heading":{"en":"The layer-by-layer checker","ja":"層ごとのチェッカー"},"body":{"en":["For every stack, validate each layer before counting it. Merchant membership: does the store award points with this payment method? Card or wallet: is the exact funding source eligible? Category bonus: does the exact contactless rail qualify (network touch vs iD vs QUICPay)? Campaign: was entry completed before the relevant deadline? Cap: is monthly or campaign capacity remaining? Coupon: does it prohibit another discount or reduce eligible spend? Refund: will a partial return reverse the whole bonus? Expiration: will the bonus remain usable long enough? The checker must reject a stack when two rates both include the same base reward — for example, adding a base 0.5% on top of SMBC’s seven-percent route, which already includes it."],"ja":["すべての重ね取りで、数える前に各層を検証します。店の会員：この決済方法で店はポイントを付けるか。カードやウォレット：正確なチャージ元は対象か。カテゴリボーナス：正確な非接触経路（ネットワークのタッチ対iD対QUICPay）は対象か。キャンペーン：該当の期限前にエントリーを完了したか。上限：月間やキャンペーンの余力は残っているか。クーポン：他の割引を禁止するか、対象額を減らすか。返品：一部返品でボーナス全体が取り消されるか。有効期限：ボーナスは十分長く使えるか。同じ基本を含む2つの率が重なるときは弾く必要があります。例えば、既に基本を含む三井住友の7%経路に基本0.5%を上乗せする場合です。"]}},{"id":"campaign","heading":{"en":"Campaign eligibility checklist","ja":"キャンペーン対象性の確認表"},"body":{"en":["For campaigns, record the official campaign page, entry timestamp, application window, spending window, eligible merchant, minimum amount, transaction count, excluded payment sources, coupon requirement, cap, award date, point type, and expiration. In Japan, completing the spending requirement without first entering the campaign can produce no bonus, and campaigns frequently issue limited-time or limited-use balances rather than ordinary points. Lottery campaigns are worth their expected value (using winning probability), not the top prize. Screenshots are useful for personal recordkeeping, but the current official terms govern, and operators can exclude or claw back abuse."],"ja":["キャンペーンでは、公式ページ・エントリー時刻・応募期間・利用期間・対象店・最低金額・取引回数・除外される決済手段・クーポン要件・上限・付与日・ポイント種別・有効期限を記録します。日本では、先にエントリーせず利用条件を満たしてもボーナスが出ないことがあり、キャンペーンは通常ポイントでなく期間・用途限定残高を出すことが多いです。抽選キャンペーンは最高賞でなく期待値（当選確率を使う）で評価します。スクリーンショットは個人の記録に有用ですが、現在の公式条件が支配し、事業者は不正を除外・返還させられます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Advanced optimisers validating stacks and campaigns"],"ja":["重ね取りとキャンペーンを検証する上級者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who count rewards without verifying eligibility"],"ja":["対象性を確認せず還元を数える人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never count a campaign without confirming entry, cap, and point type in the current official terms."],"ja":["現在の公式条件でエントリー・上限・ポイント種別を確認せずキャンペーンを数えないこと。"]},"faqs":["rewards-avoid-double-count","rewards-campaign-entry","rewards-campaign-not-track"],"sources":["smbc-conveni","rakuten-spu","paypay-step"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["stacking-credit-qr-store","ecommerce-stacking"]},{"slug":"foreign-resident-rewards","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Rewards strategy for foreign residents","ja":"外国人居住者の特典戦略"},"summary":{"en":"How newcomers should sequence loyalty accounts, wallets, and their first card.","ja":"新しく来た人が、ポイント口座・ウォレット・最初のカードをどう順序立てるか。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Start with free loyalty accounts and a cash/prepaid wallet while building address, phone, and bank history; then apply for one no-fee card (Rakuten or Epos are commonly accessible), one application at a time.","ja":"まず無料のポイント口座と現金／前払いのウォレットを使い、住所・電話・銀行の履歴を作りつつ、次に無料カードを1枚ずつ（楽天やエポスが入手しやすいことが多い）申し込みます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Loyalty membership is easier than credit underwriting — join free accounts first.","Cards generally require Japanese residence, address, phone, and a bank account.","Likely accessible first cards: Rakuten Card, Epos Card.","PayPay, d POINT, and Lawson Ponta are approachable for newcomers.","Apply for one card at a time; do not open many products at once."],"ja":["会員登録は与信より容易。まず無料口座に入る。","カードは通常、日本の在留・住所・電話・銀行口座が必要。","入手しやすい最初のカード：楽天カード、エポスカード。","PayPay・dポイント・ローソンPontaは新規者に親しみやすい。","カードは1枚ずつ申込。多くの商品を一度に作らない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"sequence","heading":{"en":"Sequencing accounts and the first card","ja":"口座と最初のカードの順序"},"body":{"en":["Foreign residents face two hurdles: needing Japanese ID, address, phone, and often a bank account, and starting with no domestic credit history. The sequence that works is to join free merchant point programs first (loyalty membership is easier than credit underwriting) and use a debit, prepaid, or cash-funded wallet while building domestic financial history. PayPay accepts app sign-up and is widely accepted; d POINT allows non-docomo accounts; Lawson Ponta is easy to join without a docomo contract; WAON is easy to use at AEON. Avoid programs that require heavy Japanese if you cannot navigate them yet."],"ja":["外国人居住者には2つのハードルがあります。日本のID・住所・電話・多くの場合は銀行口座が必要なことと、国内の信用履歴がゼロから始まることです。うまくいく順序は、まず無料の店のポイントプログラムに入り（会員登録は与信より容易）、国内の金融履歴を作りながらデビット・前払い・現金チャージのウォレットを使うことです。PayPayはアプリ登録でき広く使え、dポイントは非ドコモ口座を認め、ローソンPontaはドコモ契約なしで入りやすく、WAONはイオンで使いやすいです。まだ扱えないなら、重い日本語を要するプログラムは避けましょう。"]}},{"id":"card","heading":{"en":"Applying for your first card","ja":"最初のカードに申し込む"},"body":{"en":["When you apply, do it selectively and one at a time. Japanese card approval generally requires residence, a domestic address, a reachable phone, a bank account, and underwriting, and applications and support are often Japanese-first even when the network provides some English. Commonly accessible first cards are the Rakuten Card (partial English information) and the Epos Card (easy to get, often cited as accessible for building history). Consistency matters: keep your name spelling, order, and katakana identical across your residence card, bank, and applications, because mismatches commonly cause verification failures."],"ja":["申し込むときは、選んで1枚ずつにしましょう。日本のカード審査は通常、在留・国内住所・連絡可能な電話・銀行口座・審査を要し、ネットワークが一部英語を提供しても申込やサポートは日本語中心のことが多いです。入手しやすい最初のカードは、楽天カード（一部英語情報）とエポスカード（取得しやすく、履歴作りに向くとされる）です。一貫性が重要で、在留カード・銀行・申込で名前の綴り・順序・カタカナを同一に保ちましょう。不一致は本人確認の失敗をよく招きます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["English-speaking newcomers to Japan"],"ja":["日本に来たばかりの英語話者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Tourists seeking a Japanese credit card"],"ja":["日本のクレジットカードを求める旅行者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Tourists generally cannot get a Japanese rewards card; establish residency and history first."],"ja":["旅行者は通常、日本の特典カードを取得できません。まず在留と履歴を作りましょう。"]},"faqs":["rewards-foreign-join","rewards-foreign-first-card","rewards-foreign-card-tourist"],"sources":["rakuten-card-terms","epos-card-terms","paypay-points"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-card","epos-card"],"relatedArticles":["epos-card","best-programs-by-category","choosing-a-point-ecosystem"]},{"slug":"train-commuter-rewards","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Train commuter rewards strategy","ja":"電車通勤者の特典戦略"},"summary":{"en":"How daily riders combine Mobile Suica, a View card, and station-building points.","ja":"毎日乗る人がモバイルSuica・ビューカード・駅ビルポイントをどう組み合わせるか。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Register Mobile Suica with JRE POINT and charge it with a View card to stack a nominal 3.5% on eligible JR East rides, then present your JRE POINT card at station stores — route and railway matter more than national rankings.","ja":"モバイルSuicaをJRE POINTに登録し、ビューカードでチャージして対象のJR東日本乗車で名目3.5%を重ね、駅ナカの店でJRE POINTカードを提示します。全国順位より路線と鉄道が重要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Register Mobile Suica to JRE POINT; unregistered rides earn nothing.","View charging (1.5%) + eligible Mobile Suica ride points (2%) ≈ 3.5% stack.","Present the JRE POINT card at station stores for merchant points.","Not every Suica transaction is a qualifying JR East ride.","Route and regional railway matter more than national rankings."],"ja":["モバイルSuicaをJRE POINTに登録。未登録の乗車は貯まらない。","ビューチャージ（1.5%）＋対象乗車ポイント（2%）で約3.5%。","駅ナカの店でJRE POINTカードを提示し店ポイント。","すべてのSuica取引が対象のJR東日本乗車ではない。","全国順位より路線と地域鉄道が重要。"]},"sections":[{"id":"setup","heading":{"en":"The commuter stack","ja":"通勤の重ね取り"},"body":{"en":["For a JR East commuter, the core setup is to register Mobile Suica with a JRE POINT account and charge it with a View card. Eligible Mobile Suica JR East rides earn two percent JRE POINT (one point per ¥50), and View charging earns 1.5%, creating a nominal 3.5% stack on the same eligible travel funding cycle. Register the Suica before travelling, because unregistered rides and cash do not earn ride points. Be aware that not every Suica transaction is a qualifying JR East ride — nonqualifying rail operators, unregistered Suica, and some pass products follow different rates."],"ja":["JR東日本の通勤者の基本構成は、モバイルSuicaをJRE POINTアカウントに登録し、ビューカードでチャージすることです。対象のモバイルSuicaのJR東日本乗車は2%のJRE POINT（50円につき1ポイント）、ビューチャージは1.5%で、同じ対象の移動資金サイクルで名目3.5%を重ねます。未登録の乗車や現金は乗車ポイントを得ないため、移動前にSuicaを登録しましょう。すべてのSuica取引が対象のJR東日本乗車ではない点に注意してください。対象外の鉄道事業者・未登録Suica・一部の定期券は別の率です。"]}},{"id":"station","heading":{"en":"Station shopping and other regions","ja":"駅の買い物と他の地域"},"body":{"en":["Present your JRE POINT card or app at station stores (kiosks, station buildings, shopping malls) to add merchant points on top of payment rewards; JRE Card and eligible View products can earn more at designated station-building stores, though merchant designation and the September 1, 2026 changes must be checked. For other regions the logic is the same but the program differs: JR West uses WESTER, ICOCA, and a J-WEST relationship; JR Kyushu uses JR Kyupo; private railways use their own cards with PASMO/manaca/PiTaPa. Route and regional railway matter more than national rankings, so evaluate by your actual commute."],"ja":["駅ナカの店（売店・駅ビル・商業施設）でJRE POINTカードやアプリを提示し、決済特典に店ポイントを加えましょう。JRE Cardや対象のビュー商品は指定の駅ビル店でより多く貯まりますが、店の指定や2026年9月1日の変更を確認する必要があります。他の地域も論理は同じですがプログラムが異なります。JR西日本はWESTER・ICOCA・J-WESTの関係、JR九州はJRキューポ、私鉄はPASMO／manaca／PiTaPaと独自カードです。全国順位より路線と地域鉄道が重要なため、実際の通勤で評価しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Daily train commuters"],"ja":["毎日の電車通勤者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Occasional riders for whom the View fee is not worth it"],"ja":["ビュー年会費に見合わないたまの乗車者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Register your Suica first; JRE Card station benefits change on September 1, 2026 — verify current terms."],"ja":["まずSuicaを登録。JRE Cardの駅特典は2026年9月1日に変更。現在の条件を確認。"]},"faqs":["rewards-suica-register","rewards-view-card-worth","rewards-suica-ride-rate"],"sources":["jre-point","jre-suica","view-card","wester-points"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["jre-point-guide","view-card-standard","mobile-suica-guide"]},{"slug":"convenience-shopper-rewards","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Convenience-store shopper strategy","ja":"コンビニ利用者の戦略"},"summary":{"en":"How regular konbini shoppers combine store cards, QR wallets, and the SMBC 7% route.","ja":"コンビニ常連が店カード・QRウォレット・SMBCの7%経路をどう組み合わせるか。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Carry the relevant point card (nanaco, d POINT/Ponta), pay by QR or the SMBC NL smartphone-touch route where eligible, and always scan the store membership before paying — the PayPay ecosystem suits konbini broadly.","ja":"該当のポイントカード（nanaco、dポイント／Ponta）を持ち、対象ならQRやSMBC NLのスマホタッチで払い、支払い前に必ず店の会員を提示します。PayPay経済圏は幅広くコンビニに合います。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["7-Eleven: nanaco; Lawson: d POINT/Ponta; FamilyMart: V Points/FamiPay; Ministop: WAON.","Scan the store membership, apply coupons, then pay with the best eligible route.","SMBC NL smartphone-touch can reach 7% at eligible chains (method-specific).","PayPay is broadly accepted and suits konbini spending.","Card rewards are usually calculated on the amount after a coupon discount."],"ja":["セブン：nanaco。ローソン：dポイント／Ponta。ファミマ：Vポイント／FamiPay。ミニストップ：WAON。","店の会員を提示し、クーポンを適用し、対象の最良の方法で払う。","対象チェーンでSMBC NLのスマホタッチは最大7%（方法限定）。","PayPayは広く使え、コンビニ支出に合う。","カード還元は通常クーポン値引き後の金額で計算。"]},"sections":[{"id":"strategy","heading":{"en":"The konbini routine","ja":"コンビニの手順"},"body":{"en":["Key stores anchor different programs: 7-Eleven (nanaco), Lawson (d POINT or Ponta), FamilyMart (V Points or FamiPay), and Ministop (WAON). The efficient routine is to scan the relevant point card or app, apply any store-app coupon, then pay with the best eligible route — a rewarding card or QR wallet. Where you use SMBC’s selected-store smartphone-touch route at eligible chains, the reward can reach seven percent, but only via the exact eligible smartphone contactless path (physical-card touch and iD are excluded), and you must not add a separate base 0.5% because seven percent already includes it. Card rewards are normally calculated on the amount after any coupon discount."],"ja":["主要な店は異なるプログラムを軸にします。セブン-イレブン（nanaco）、ローソン（dポイントかPonta）、ファミリーマート（VポイントかFamiPay）、ミニストップ（WAON）です。効率的な手順は、該当のポイントカードやアプリを提示し、店アプリのクーポンを適用し、対象の最良の方法（還元のあるカードやQRウォレット）で払うことです。対象チェーンで三井住友の対象店スマホのタッチを使う場合、還元は最大7%になり得ますが、対象のスマホのタッチという正確な経路に限られ（物理カードのタッチやiDは対象外）、7%には基本が含まれるため別に0.5%を足してはいけません。カード還元は通常クーポン値引き後の金額で計算されます。"]}},{"id":"best","heading":{"en":"Best overall ecosystem for konbini","ja":"コンビニに最適な経済圏"},"body":{"en":["For someone who mainly wants simplicity, the PayPay ecosystem suits convenience-store spending because it is broadly accepted and its ordinary points do not expire — pairing it with the PayPay Card can add a card layer. If you shop most at a single chain, the store’s own program (nanaco at 7-Eleven, or d POINT/Ponta at Lawson) plus a matching payment method is the cleaner setup. The overriding rule is unchanged: convenience purchases are small and frequent, so a modest reward is fine, but never let a campaign push you to buy things you would not otherwise buy."],"ja":["主に単純さを求める人には、PayPay経済圏がコンビニ支出に合います。広く使え、通常ポイントが無期限だからです。PayPayカードと組み合わせるとカードの層を加えられます。特定のチェーンで最も買うなら、店独自のプログラム（セブンのnanaco、ローソンのdポイント／Ponta）＋合う決済方法のほうがすっきりします。変わらない大原則は、コンビニの買い物は少額かつ頻繁なので控えめな還元で十分だが、キャンペーンに押されて本来買わない物を買わないことです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Regular convenience-store shoppers"],"ja":["コンビニ常連"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who rarely use convenience stores"],"ja":["コンビニをほとんど使わない人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not add a base 0.5% to a 7% route that already includes it; iD is excluded."],"ja":["既に基本を含む7%経路に0.5%を足さないこと。iDは対象外。"]},"faqs":["rewards-seven-eleven-best","rewards-lawson-best","rewards-smbc-7-percent"],"sources":["nanaco-points","dpoint-official","ponta-official","smbc-conveni","paypay-points"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["convenience-store-points","stacking-credit-qr-store","smbc-numberless-card"]},{"slug":"family-rewards","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Family and household rewards strategy","ja":"家族・世帯の特典戦略"},"summary":{"en":"How a household concentrates grocery and utility spending and shares an expiration calendar.","ja":"世帯が食料品・光熱費の支出を集中させ、失効カレンダーを共有する方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Concentrate on one grocery ecosystem (often WAON at AEON) plus one household expense card, use family/supplementary cards where useful, and keep a shared expiration calendar.","ja":"1つの食料品経済圏（多くはイオンのWAON）＋1枚の世帯費用カードに集中し、有用なら家族／追加カードを使い、失効カレンダーを共有します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Concentrate grocery spending in one ecosystem (WAON at AEON is a common fit).","Use one household expense card for utilities and recurring bills.","Family/supplementary cards can pool spending toward thresholds — check terms.","Keep a shared expiration calendar to avoid losing limited-time points.","High grocery and utility concentration produces most of the household reward."],"ja":["食料品支出を1つの経済圏に集中（イオンのWAONがよく合う）。","光熱費・継続請求に1枚の世帯費用カードを使う。","家族／追加カードはしきい値に向け支出を合算できる（条件を確認）。","期間限定ポイントを失わないよう失効カレンダーを共有。","食料品と光熱費の集中が世帯還元の大半を生む。"]},"sections":[{"id":"setup","heading":{"en":"Concentrate and share","ja":"集中と共有"},"body":{"en":["A household earns most of its rewards from a few large, recurring categories — groceries and utilities — so the winning setup is to concentrate grocery spending in one ecosystem (WAON POINT at AEON-group stores is a common fit given store member days) and route utilities and recurring bills through one household expense card. Family or supplementary cards can pool spending toward annual thresholds, but only the specific product terms determine whether family-card purchases count, so verify before assuming aggregation. Keep a single shared expiration calendar and do one monthly review, because limited-time points scattered across family members are the easiest value to lose."],"ja":["世帯の還元の大半は、いくつかの大きく反復するカテゴリ（食料品と光熱費）から生まれるため、勝ち筋は食料品支出を1つの経済圏に集中し（店の会員日を考えるとイオングループのWAON POINTがよく合います）、光熱費や継続請求を1枚の世帯費用カードに通すことです。家族カードや追加カードは年間しきい値に向け支出を合算できますが、家族カードの利用が算入されるかは各商品の条件次第のため、合算を前提にせず確認しましょう。失効カレンダーを1つ共有し、月1回見直します。家族に散らばった期間限定ポイントは最も失いやすい価値だからです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Families concentrating household spending"],"ja":["世帯支出を集中させる家族"]},"notFor":{"en":["Single low spenders with little recurring spend"],"ja":["反復支出の少ない単身の少額利用者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not assume family-card spending counts toward a threshold — verify the product terms."],"ja":["家族カードの利用がしきい値に算入されると決めつけないこと。商品の条件を確認。"]},"faqs":["rewards-family-pooling","rewards-supermarket-best"],"sources":["waon-point","aeon-card"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["supermarket-points","waon-point-guide","best-programs-by-category"]},{"slug":"domestic-traveler-rewards","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Domestic traveler rewards strategy","ja":"国内旅行者の特典戦略"},"summary":{"en":"How frequent domestic travelers combine railway ecosystems, hotel discounts, and selective miles.","ja":"国内をよく旅する人が鉄道経済圏・ホテル割引・選択的なマイルをどう組み合わせるか。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Use the railway ecosystem for your region plus flexible hotel discounts, and earn airline miles only for routes you actually fly — miles expire and award availability constrains value.","ja":"地域の鉄道経済圏＋柔軟なホテル割引を使い、マイルは実際に飛ぶ路線だけ貯めます。マイルは失効し、特典の空席が価値を制約します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Use the railway ecosystem that fits your region (JRE POINT, WESTER, etc.).","Prefer flexible hotel discounts and simple stay-count programs for frequent stays.","Earn airline miles only for routes you actually fly.","Value hotel points and miles against the cash price you would actually pay.","A domestic travel card can add ~1% plus miles — value the fee against real use."],"ja":["地域に合う鉄道経済圏（JRE POINT・WESTERなど）を使う。","頻繁な宿泊には柔軟なホテル割引や単純な宿泊数プログラムを優先。","実際に飛ぶ路線だけマイルを貯める。","ホテルポイントとマイルは実際に払う現金価格で評価。","国内旅行カードは約1%＋マイルを加える。年会費は実利用で評価。"]},"sections":[{"id":"setup","heading":{"en":"Rail, hotels, and selective miles","ja":"鉄道・ホテル・選択的なマイル"},"body":{"en":["A frequent domestic traveler’s base is the railway ecosystem for their region — JRE POINT and Mobile Suica in the east, WESTER and ICOCA in Kansai, JR Kyupo in Kyushu — layered with an appropriate View or J-WEST product where the commuting or travel rewards exceed the fee. For lodging, flexible hotel discounts and simple domestic stay-count programs (One Harmony, Prince, APA, Toyoko Inn) often outperform transferable points for frequent low-cost stays. Earn airline miles only for routes you actually fly, because miles expire (~36 months) and award availability can constrain value. A domestic travel card can add about 1% plus miles, but value its fee against real use rather than headline perks."],"ja":["国内をよく旅する人の基盤は、地域の鉄道経済圏です。東はJRE POINTとモバイルSuica、関西はWESTERとICOCA、九州はJRキューポで、通勤や旅行の還元が年会費を上回るところに適したビューやJ-WEST商品を重ねます。宿泊では、柔軟なホテル割引と単純な国内の宿泊数プログラム（One Harmony・プリンス・APA・東横イン）が、頻繁な低価格宿泊では交換可能ポイントを上回ることが多いです。マイルは実際に飛ぶ路線だけ貯めましょう。マイルは失効し（約36か月）、特典の空席が価値を制約するためです。国内旅行カードは約1%＋マイルを加えますが、表面的な特典でなく実利用で年会費を評価しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Frequent domestic travelers"],"ja":["国内をよく旅する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People flying rarely who would let miles expire"],"ja":["めったに飛ばずマイルを失効させる人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not hoard miles for routes you may never fly; award availability and expiry constrain value."],"ja":["飛ばないかもしれない路線のためにマイルを貯め込まないこと。空席と失効が価値を制約。"]},"faqs":["rewards-one-harmony","rewards-mile-value"],"sources":["jre-point","wester-points","one-harmony"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["hotel-travel-rewards","train-commuter-rewards","ana-vs-jal"]},{"slug":"rewards-glossary-sources-archive","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Rewards glossary, sources, and outdated-strategy archive","ja":"特典の用語集・出典・旧戦略アーカイブ"},"summary":{"en":"Key terms, the official-source approach, and superseded strategies you should stop using.","ja":"主要用語・公式出典の考え方・使うのをやめるべき旧戦略。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"This hub defines core terms, explains why every claim cites official first-party sources with a verification date, and lists strategies that expired in 2025–2026 (Furusato Nozei points, PayPay Step without KYC, and more).","ja":"このハブは主要用語を定義し、すべての主張が検証日付きの公式一次出典を引く理由を説明し、2025〜2026年に失効した戦略（ふるさと納税ポイント、本人確認なしのPayPayステップなど）を挙げます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Base rate vs effective rate; ordinary vs limited-time vs limited-use points.","Stacking vs double counting; campaign entry vs automatic enrollment.","Every factual claim cites an official source with a verification date.","Furusato Nozei portal points were removed from October 1, 2025.","PayPay Step requires KYC and excludes point-funded portions since June 2, 2026."],"ja":["基本率と実質率、通常／期間限定／用途限定ポイント。","重ね取りと二重計上、キャンペーンのエントリーと自動登録。","すべての事実の主張は検証日付きの公式出典を引く。","ふるさと納税のポータルポイントは2025年10月1日に廃止。","PayPayステップは2026年6月2日以降、本人確認必須でポイント払い分は対象外。"]},"sections":[{"id":"glossary","heading":{"en":"Core terms and the source approach","ja":"主要用語と出典の考え方"},"body":{"en":["A few terms recur throughout this cluster. Base rate is the ordinary return before campaigns; effective rate is what you actually receive after caps, fees, exclusions, rounding, and realistic redemption. Ordinary points follow standard rules; limited-time points have a fixed deadline; limited-use points are restricted to specified uses. Stacking is receiving more than one legitimate reward on one purchase; double counting is incorrectly adding rates that include the same base. Because this is money-you-touch content, every factual rate, fee, expiry, and eligibility claim cites an official first-party source (issuer, program, airline, or the National Tax Agency) with a verification date — a search snippet is never evidence, and uncertain values are shown as unknown rather than guessed."],"ja":["このクラスター全体でいくつかの用語が繰り返し出ます。基本率はキャンペーン前の通常の還元、実質率は上限・手数料・除外・端数・現実的な交換の後に実際に受け取る分です。通常ポイントは標準ルール、期間限定ポイントは固定期限、用途限定ポイントは指定用途に限られます。重ね取りは1回の買い物で複数の正当な特典を受けること、二重計上は同じ基本を含む率を誤って足すことです。これは生活に直結するお金の内容のため、すべての事実の率・手数料・有効期限・対象性の主張は、検証日付きの公式一次出典（発行会社・プログラム・航空会社・国税庁）を引きます。検索の抜粋は証拠にならず、不確かな値は推測せず不明として示します。"]}},{"id":"archive","heading":{"en":"Superseded and unsafe strategies","ja":"旧・危険な戦略"},"body":{"en":["Several once-common strategies are now expired or unsafe. Furusato Nozei portal points, SPU, and shopping-marathon bonuses were removed from October 1, 2025, though ordinary card-payment points may remain. PayPay Step no longer works without identity verification (June 2, 2026), and the portion paid with PayPay Points is excluded from Step rewards. PayPay Gold’s old extra base-rate bonus was superseded on June 2, 2026 by a one-percent basic rate and annual-spend benefit. Rakuten Pay’s announced March 1, 2026 change was postponed, not implemented. From September 1, 2026 the d Card-funded d払い bonus becomes limited-use points, and JRE Card station benefits change. Physical-card touch, smartphone touch, and iD are not interchangeable for SMBC’s selected-store seven-percent route. Airline award charts changed in 2026 for both ANA and JAL. Never repeat an expired card-to-e-money “loop” from an old blog post."],"ja":["かつて一般的だったいくつかの戦略は、今や失効または危険です。ふるさと納税のポータルポイント・SPU・お買い物マラソンのボーナスは2025年10月1日に廃止されましたが、通常のカード決済ポイントは残り得ます。PayPayステップは本人確認なしでは機能せず（2026年6月2日）、PayPayポイントで払った分はステップ対象外です。PayPayゴールドの旧・追加基本率ボーナスは2026年6月2日に、1%の基本率と年間利用特典に置き換わりました。楽天ペイの2026年3月1日の変更は延期され実施されていません。2026年9月1日以降、dカードでチャージしたd払いのボーナスは用途限定ポイントになり、JRE Cardの駅特典も変わります。物理カードのタッチ・スマホのタッチ・iDは、三井住友の対象店7%経路では同一ではありません。航空の特典チャートは2026年にANA・JALとも変わりました。古いブログのカード→電子マネーの「ループ」を繰り返さないこと。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone verifying a rewards claim or a stale strategy"],"ja":["特典の主張や古い戦略を確認する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who prefer undated blog claims"],"ja":["日付のないブログの主張を好む人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Any strategy without a current verification date should be re-checked against official terms before use."],"ja":["現在の検証日がない戦略は、使う前に公式条件で再確認を。"]},"faqs":["rewards-furusato-points","rewards-paypay-points-step","rewards-sources"],"sources":["rakuten-furusato","paypay-step","dbarai","nta-points-tax"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["stacking-credit-qr-store","compare-point-ecosystems"]},{"slug":"points-deals-and-campaigns","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Points deals & campaigns in Japan: find the real value","ja":"日本のポイントキャンペーン：本当にお得なものを見抜く"},"summary":{"en":"How Japanese point campaigns work, how to judge whether a deal is actually worth it, and how to avoid campaigns that cost more attention than they return.","ja":"日本のポイントキャンペーンの仕組み、そのお得さの判断方法、そして労力に見合わないキャンペーンの避け方。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Most Japanese campaigns pay in limited-time points with caps and short expiry; a deal is only worth it when the real, redeemable value exceeds the effort and any extra spend it triggers.","ja":"多くの日本のキャンペーンは上限・短い期限つきの期間限定ポイントで還元します。実際に使える価値が、手間や誘発される追加支出を上回るときだけお得です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Campaign rewards are usually limited-time points with a cap and a short expiry window.","A “+10%” offer is only worth 10% on the eligible portion up to its cap — read the ceiling.","Entry is often required (tap “entry/エントリー” before spending) or the bonus does not count.","Value limited-time points at what you will realistically spend before they expire.","Ecosystem mega-sales (Rakuten SPU, PayPay Step) reward concentration, not scattered chasing."],"ja":["キャンペーン還元は通常、上限つき・短い期限の期間限定ポイント。","「＋10%」は対象分・上限までの10%にすぎない。上限を必ず読む。","エントリーが必要なことが多い（支払い前に「エントリー」を押す）。押さないと対象外。","期間限定ポイントは、期限内に現実に使える額で価値評価する。","経済圏の大型セール（楽天SPU・PayPayステップ）は集中を評価し、あちこち追うことは評価しない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-campaigns-work","heading":{"en":"How Japanese point campaigns actually work","ja":"日本のポイントキャンペーンの実際の仕組み"},"body":{"en":["Almost every large campaign in Japan pays in limited-time points (期間限定ポイント) rather than ordinary points. Limited-time points typically expire within weeks to a few months and can sometimes be spent only inside a narrow set of services, so a headline number rarely equals its cash value. Rakuten’s SPU (Super Point Up) and PayPay Step are the two clearest examples: both raise your effective rate the more of the ecosystem you use, and both cap the bonus per month and per category.","Many campaigns also require an explicit “entry” tap before you spend — miss the entry and the bonus simply does not accrue, even if you met every other condition. Always read three things before you decide a deal is good: the eligible spend, the monthly cap on bonus points, and the expiry date of the points you will receive."],"ja":["日本の大型キャンペーンのほとんどは、通常ポイントではなく期間限定ポイントで還元します。期間限定ポイントは数週間〜数か月で失効し、限られたサービスでしか使えないこともあるため、見出しの数字が現金価値と一致することはまれです。楽天のSPU（スーパーポイントアップ）とPayPayステップが最も分かりやすい例で、どちらも経済圏を使うほど実質還元率が上がり、月ごと・カテゴリごとに上限があります。","多くのキャンペーンは支払い前の「エントリー」も必要です。他の条件を満たしていても、エントリーを忘れると加算されません。お得かどうかを決める前に、対象の支出・ボーナスポイントの月間上限・受け取るポイントの有効期限の3つを必ず読みましょう。"]}},{"id":"judge-a-deal","heading":{"en":"A simple test for whether a deal is worth it","ja":"お得かどうかを判断する簡単な方法"},"body":{"en":["Compute the realistic redeemable value, not the advertised maximum. Multiply the bonus rate by the amount you would have spent anyway, cap it at the stated ceiling, then discount for the share you will not manage to redeem before expiry. If that number beats the time you will spend tracking the campaign — and does not tempt you into buying things you did not need — take it. Otherwise skip it."],"ja":["広告上の最大値ではなく、現実に使える価値を計算します。ボーナス率に「どのみち使う額」を掛け、記載の上限で頭打ちにし、期限までに使い切れない分を割り引きます。その数字が、キャンペーンを追う手間を上回り、かつ不要な買い物を誘発しないなら実行、そうでなければ見送りです。"]}},{"id":"avoid-traps","heading":{"en":"Campaigns to ignore","ja":"無視してよいキャンペーン"},"body":{"en":["Skip campaigns that require opening a product you do not need, that pay in points redeemable only in a service you never use, or whose conditions are so layered that tracking them becomes a second job. The most common trap is a large signup bonus on a card or wallet that then sits unused: a one-off bonus is not a recurring return, and an unused product still carries fees, security exposure, and mental overhead.","The disciplined approach is to concentrate in one ecosystem so campaign points land where you already spend, enter the few campaigns that overlap your normal purchases, and let the rest pass."],"ja":["不要な商品を作らせるもの、使わないサービスでしか交換できないポイントで還元するもの、条件が何層にも重なって管理が第二の仕事になるものは見送りましょう。最も多い罠は、カードやウォレットの大きな入会ボーナスを取ったあと使わずに放置することです。一度きりのボーナスは継続的なリターンではなく、使わない商品も手数料・セキュリティ・管理の負担を残します。","規律ある方法は、1つの経済圏に集中して普段の支出にキャンペーンポイントを落とし、通常の買い物と重なる少数のキャンペーンだけにエントリーし、残りは見送ることです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Shoppers deciding whether a campaign is worth the effort"],"ja":["キャンペーンに乗るか迷う買い物客"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who prefer never to track offers — pick a flat-rate card instead"],"ja":["特典を一切追いたくない人（一律還元カードを）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Points are a discount on spending you would do anyway. A purchase made only to earn points is a net loss — never chase rewards into overspending."],"ja":["ポイントはどのみち行う支出への割引です。ポイントのためだけの買い物は純損失。特典を追って使いすぎないこと。"]},"faqs":["rewards-limited-time","rewards-stacking"],"sources":["rakuten-spu","paypay-step"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-card"],"relatedArticles":["stacking-credit-qr-store","point-value-expiry","maximize-points-japan","choosing-a-point-ecosystem"]},{"slug":"redeem-points-for-travel","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Redeeming points for travel in Japan","ja":"ポイントを旅行に使う"},"summary":{"en":"When converting points to travel — flights, trains, and travel bookings — beats spending them at ¥1, and how to avoid poor transfer value.","ja":"ポイントを旅行（航空券・鉄道・旅行予約）に換えるのが1円で使うより得になる場面と、交換ロスの避け方。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Everyday points redeem at about ¥1 for travel bookings, but converting to airline miles can exceed ¥1 per point on long-haul premium seats — only if you actually fly those routes.","ja":"日常ポイントは旅行予約で約1円ですが、マイルに換えると長距離・上位席で1ポイント1円超になり得ます。ただし実際にその路線に乗る場合だけです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Booking travel directly with points is usually a flat ~¥1 per point — simple and predictable.","Transferring points to ANA or JAL miles can beat ¥1, but only on the right redemption.","Ponta transfers to JAL and several ecosystems reach ANA — check the current ratio first.","Peak-season award seats are scarce; flexibility is what unlocks outsized mile value.","For short domestic trips, spending points at ¥1 often beats the effort of a mile transfer."],"ja":["ポイントで直接旅行予約は通常1ポイント約1円。単純で予測しやすい。","ANA・JALマイルへの交換は1円超になり得るが、適切な交換のときだけ。","PontaはJALへ、複数の経済圏はANAへ交換できる。まず現在の比率を確認。","繁忙期の特典枠は少なく、価値を引き出す鍵は日程の柔軟性。","短い国内移動なら、1円で使う方がマイル交換の手間より得なことが多い。"]},"sections":[{"id":"two-paths","heading":{"en":"Two ways points become travel","ja":"ポイントが旅行になる2つの道"},"body":{"en":["There are two distinct routes. The first is spending points directly inside an ecosystem travel service — Rakuten Travel, d POINT-linked bookings, or paying with a wallet at a travel agent — where points behave like cash at roughly ¥1 each. This is predictable and needs no planning. The second is transferring points into an airline mileage program (ANA Mileage Club or JAL Mileage Bank) and redeeming award flights, where the value per point varies enormously.","Miles reward a travel-heavy pattern. On short domestic hops the effective value of a mile is often close to or below ¥1, so the direct-spend route usually wins. On long-haul or premium-cabin awards a mile can be worth well above ¥1 — but only if seats are available on the dates and routes you actually want to fly."],"ja":["道は2つあります。1つ目は、経済圏の旅行サービス（楽天トラベル、dポイント連携予約、旅行代理店でのウォレット決済）でポイントを直接使う方法で、ポイントは1ポイント約1円の現金のように振る舞います。予測しやすく計画不要です。2つ目は、ポイントを航空会社のマイル（ANAマイレージクラブ／JALマイレージバンク）に交換して特典航空券に使う方法で、1ポイントあたりの価値は大きく変動します。","マイルは旅行が多い生活パターンを評価します。短い国内路線ではマイルの実質価値は1円前後かそれ以下のことが多く、直接使う方が得です。長距離や上位席の特典では1マイルが1円を大きく超えることもありますが、実際に乗りたい日程・路線に空席がある場合だけです。"]}},{"id":"transfer-value","heading":{"en":"Getting transfer value right","ja":"交換価値を正しく取る"},"body":{"en":["Before transferring, check the current conversion ratio and any minimum — ratios change and are set by each program, not fixed. Ponta points transfer to JAL miles, and several ecosystems provide a path to ANA; the exact rate determines whether the transfer is worthwhile. As a rule, only transfer points you have a concrete plan to redeem, because miles expire and devalue like any other points, and a transferred mile you never use is worth less than the ¥1 you could have taken directly.","Book award seats as early as the calendar opens for peak dates, stay flexible on off-peak dates, and compare the mile price against the cash fare to confirm you are actually getting more than ¥1 of value per point spent."],"ja":["交換前に、現在の交換比率と最低交換数を確認しましょう。比率は各プログラムが定めるもので固定ではありません。PontaはJALマイルへ、複数の経済圏はANAへの経路があります。正確な比率が、交換に値するかを決めます。原則として、具体的な使い道が決まったポイントだけを交換します。マイルも他のポイント同様に失効・価値低下し、使わないマイルは直接取れた1円より価値が低いからです。","繁忙期はカレンダーが開いた最速で特典枠を予約し、閑散期は日程を柔軟にし、マイル価格を現金運賃と比べて、1ポイントあたり本当に1円超の価値になっているか確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents who fly enough to redeem award seats well"],"ja":["特典枠を活かせるほど飛行機に乗る居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Rare travellers — spend points at ¥1 instead"],"ja":["めったに旅行しない人（1円で使う方が得）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Miles expire and can be devalued; only transfer points you plan to redeem soon."],"ja":["マイルは失効・価値低下し得る。近く使う予定の分だけ交換を。"]},"faqs":["rewards-mile-value","rewards-ana-vs-jal"],"sources":["ana-mileage","jal-mileage","ponta-jal"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["ana-vs-jal","hotel-travel-rewards","redeem-points-guide","redeem-points-for-hotels"]},{"slug":"redeem-points-for-cash","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Redeeming points for cash and bills in Japan","ja":"ポイントを現金・支払いに使う"},"summary":{"en":"How to turn points into something cash-like — paying at the register, covering bills, and why true cash-out is rare in Japan.","ja":"ポイントを現金同等にする方法。レジでの支払い、料金への充当、そして日本で本当の現金化がまれな理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Most Japanese points cannot be withdrawn as cash, but spending them at the register or against bills is effectively a ¥1-per-point cash equivalent and usually the safest redemption.","ja":"多くの日本のポイントは現金として引き出せませんが、レジや料金支払いに使えば実質1ポイント1円の現金同等で、最も安全な使い道であることが多いです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Direct bank withdrawal of points is rare; “cash value” means spending at ~¥1 each.","Rakuten Pay, PayPay, d払い and au PAY let you pay in-store using points as money.","Points often cover mobile, utility, or card bills inside the same ecosystem.","Paying at the register is the simplest way to lock in ¥1 value with no expiry risk.","Limited-time points are best spent here first, before they expire."],"ja":["ポイントの銀行引き出しはまれ。「現金価値」は約1円で使うこと。","楽天ペイ・PayPay・d払い・au PAYは店頭でポイントをお金として使える。","ポイントは同じ経済圏内で携帯・光熱費・カード料金に充当できることが多い。","レジ払いは、失効リスクなく1円の価値を確定する最も簡単な方法。","期間限定ポイントは、失効前にまずここで使い切るのが最適。"]},"sections":[{"id":"cashlike","heading":{"en":"Cash-out is rare — “cash-like” is the goal","ja":"現金化はまれ。目標は「現金同等」"},"body":{"en":["Unlike some overseas cashback cards, the large Japanese point programs generally do not let you withdraw points to a bank account. What they offer instead is cash-like spending: at the register you tell the app to apply points, and each point knocks about ¥1 off the bill. Rakuten Pay, PayPay, d払い and au PAY all support paying with points at participating merchants, and convenience stores are the most reliable place to use almost any balance.","Because register spending realises a clean ¥1 with no transfer step and no expiry risk once spent, it is the safest redemption for the majority of people, and the correct default when you are unsure what to do with a balance."],"ja":["一部の海外キャッシュバックカードと違い、日本の主要ポイントは通常、銀行口座への引き出しができません。代わりにあるのが現金同等の支払いです。レジでアプリにポイント利用を指示すると、1ポイントあたり約1円が請求から引かれます。楽天ペイ・PayPay・d払い・au PAYはいずれも加盟店でのポイント払いに対応し、コンビニはほぼどんな残高でも最も確実に使える場所です。","レジ払いは交換の手間なく1円を実現し、使ってしまえば失効リスクもないため、多くの人にとって最も安全な使い道であり、残高の使い道に迷ったときの正しい既定選択です。"]}},{"id":"bills","heading":{"en":"Applying points to bills","ja":"ポイントを料金に充当する"},"body":{"en":["Within an ecosystem, points frequently cover recurring costs — a docomo user can put d POINTs toward the phone bill, a Rakuten user can apply points to card and service charges, and wallet balances can settle many utility and tax payment slips via code payment. This is a strong use for limited-time points, which you should always spend before ordinary points because they expire first.","The one caution is that paying a bill with points does not earn new points on that amount, so there is no compounding benefit — it is purely a ¥1 offset. That is fine: certainty at ¥1 beats a speculative higher value you may never realise."],"ja":["経済圏の中では、ポイントは継続コストを賄えることが多いです。ドコモ利用者はdポイントを携帯料金に、楽天利用者はカードやサービス料金に充て、ウォレット残高はコード決済で多くの公共料金・税の払込票を精算できます。これは期間限定ポイントの有力な使い道で、先に失効するため通常ポイントより前に使うべきです。","唯一の注意は、ポイントで料金を払ってもその分に新たなポイントは付かないため、複利的な利点はないことです。純粋な1円の値引きです。それで構いません。実現しないかもしれない高い価値より、確実な1円が勝ります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone wanting the simplest, safest redemption"],"ja":["最も単純で安全な使い道を求める人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who can reliably get above ¥1 from miles"],"ja":["マイルで確実に1円超を得られる人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Paying bills with points earns no new points on that amount — it is a flat ¥1 offset."],"ja":["ポイントで料金を払うとその分は新規ポイント対象外。一律1円の値引き。"]},"faqs":["rewards-points-vs-cashback","points-value","rewards-paypay-points-step"],"sources":["rakuten-pay","paypay-points","dpoint-expiry"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["redeem-points-guide","points-vs-cashback-guide","redeem-points-for-investing"]},{"slug":"redeem-points-for-hotels","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Redeeming points for hotels & stays in Japan","ja":"ポイントをホテル・宿泊に使う"},"summary":{"en":"Booking stays with ecosystem points versus hotel loyalty programs, and where each gives the better value.","ja":"経済圏ポイントでの宿泊予約とホテルロイヤルティの比較、そしてそれぞれが得になる場面。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Ecosystem points book hotels at about ¥1 each through travel portals, while hotel-loyalty programs like Marriott Bonvoy or One Harmony can exceed that on premium nights — but only for frequent guests of those chains.","ja":"経済圏ポイントは旅行ポータルで約1円で宿泊予約でき、Marriott BonvoyやOne Harmonyなどのホテルロイヤルティは上位宿泊で1円超になり得ますが、そのチェーンの常連の場合だけです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Rakuten Travel, d POINT and wallet payments book stays at roughly ¥1 per point.","Hotel programs (Marriott Bonvoy, Okura Nikko’s One Harmony) reward loyalty to one chain.","Award-night value swings with season and category — peak nights unlock the most.","For occasional travellers, ¥1 ecosystem redemption is simpler and usually as good.","Stacking a travel-portal sale with points and a rewarding card compounds the discount."],"ja":["楽天トラベル・dポイント・ウォレット払いは約1ポイント1円で宿泊予約。","ホテルプログラム（Marriott Bonvoy、オークラ ニッコーのOne Harmony）は1チェーンへの忠誠を評価。","特典宿泊の価値は季節・カテゴリで変動。繁忙期の宿泊が最も価値を引き出す。","たまの旅行者には、1円の経済圏交換の方が単純で、たいてい同等以上。","旅行ポータルのセール＋ポイント＋還元カードの重ね取りで割引が増える。"]},"sections":[{"id":"ecosystem-vs-loyalty","heading":{"en":"Ecosystem points vs hotel loyalty","ja":"経済圏ポイント対ホテルロイヤルティ"},"body":{"en":["For most residents, the practical way to “redeem points for a hotel” is to pay with ecosystem points on a travel portal — Rakuten Travel is the clearest example, and d POINT and wallet balances work at many properties — where each point is worth about ¥1. This needs no status, no chain loyalty, and works for a one-off trip. Hotel loyalty programs are a different game: Marriott Bonvoy and Okura Nikko’s One Harmony reward guests who concentrate stays in one chain with award nights and status perks.","The honest comparison is that loyalty programs can beat ¥1 on high-category or peak-season award nights, but only pay off for people who stay often enough with that chain to reach the redemption. If you stay in a mix of independent and chain hotels, the ¥1 ecosystem route is simpler and usually just as good."],"ja":["多くの居住者にとって「ポイントでホテルに泊まる」現実的な方法は、旅行ポータルで経済圏ポイントを使うことです。楽天トラベルが最も分かりやすく、dポイントやウォレット残高も多くの施設で使え、1ポイントは約1円です。ステータスもチェーンへの忠誠も不要で、一度きりの旅行でも使えます。ホテルロイヤルティは別のゲームで、Marriott BonvoyやオークラニッコーのOne Harmonyは、1つのチェーンに宿泊を集中する客に特典宿泊やステータス特典で報います。","正直に比べると、ロイヤルティは上位カテゴリや繁忙期の特典宿泊で1円を超え得ますが、そのチェーンに十分泊まって交換に届く人にしか得になりません。独立系とチェーンを混ぜて泊まるなら、1円の経済圏ルートの方が単純で、たいてい同等以上です。"]}},{"id":"stack-and-time","heading":{"en":"Stacking and timing a stay","ja":"宿泊の重ね取りとタイミング"},"body":{"en":["Hotel value compounds when you layer discounts: book during a travel-portal sale, apply points to the balance, and pay the remainder with a card that earns in your ecosystem, so a single stay produces a sale price plus a point offset plus fresh card points. Limited-time points are ideal here because a trip is a large, planned purchase that absorbs a big balance before expiry.","Time award nights the way you would flights — peak dates deliver the most value from a loyalty program, while off-peak stays are usually better paid with ecosystem points at a clean ¥1."],"ja":["ホテルの価値は割引を重ねると増えます。旅行ポータルのセール中に予約し、残額にポイントを充て、残りを経済圏で貯まるカードで払えば、1回の宿泊でセール価格＋ポイント値引き＋新規カードポイントが生まれます。旅行は計画的な大きな支出で、期限前に大きな残高を吸収できるため、期間限定ポイントに最適です。","特典宿泊は航空券と同じくタイミングが重要です。繁忙期はロイヤルティから最も価値が出て、閑散期はたいてい経済圏ポイントを1円で使う方が得です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Travellers deciding between ecosystem points and hotel status"],"ja":["経済圏ポイントとホテルステータスで迷う旅行者"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who rarely stay in hotels"],"ja":["ホテルにめったに泊まらない人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Chasing hotel status you will not use can cost more than the award nights return."],"ja":["使わないホテルステータス狙いは、特典宿泊の見返りより高くつくことがある。"]},"faqs":["rewards-mile-value","points-value"],"sources":["marriott-bonvoy","one-harmony","rakuten-furusato"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["hotel-travel-rewards","redeem-points-for-travel","redeem-points-guide","airline-hotel-status-japan"]},{"slug":"redeem-points-for-investing","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Point investing in Japan: turning points into assets","ja":"ポイント投資：ポイントを資産に変える"},"summary":{"en":"How Japan’s distinctive point-investment features work — investing points and card-funded tsumitate — and where they help or distract.","ja":"日本ならではのポイント投資の仕組み（ポイント運用・クレカ積立）と、それが役立つ場面・気を散らす場面。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Rakuten, PayPay and others let you invest points or use points to buy funds, and card-funded tsumitate earns points on monthly investing — useful, but the underlying fund choice matters far more than the points.","ja":"楽天・PayPayなどはポイントで運用・投信購入ができ、クレカ積立は毎月の投資でポイントが貯まります。有用ですが、ポイントより投資先ファンドの選択の方がはるかに重要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Point “investment” features let idle points track markets or buy fund units.","Card-funded tsumitate (Rakuten Securities, SBI/Olive) earns points on monthly buys.","The reward rate on tsumitate depends on card tier and the specific fund.","Points invested are still your money — judge the fund, fees and risk first.","Do not upgrade to a pricier card only for a higher tsumitate point rate; run the math."],"ja":["ポイント運用機能は、遊休ポイントを相場連動させたり投信を買えたりする。","クレカ積立（楽天証券、SBI/Olive）は毎月の買付でポイントが貯まる。","積立の還元率はカードのランクと対象ファンド次第。","投資したポイントも自分のお金。まずファンド・手数料・リスクを判断する。","積立の還元率のためだけに高いカードへ上げない。必ず計算を。"]},"sections":[{"id":"two-features","heading":{"en":"Two distinctly Japanese features","ja":"日本ならではの2つの機能"},"body":{"en":["Japan has two point-investment ideas that are unusual internationally. The first is “point investment” inside a wallet or brokerage app, where you assign points to track a market index or buy fund units — a low-friction way to put otherwise idle points to work. The second, and more consequential, is card-funded tsumitate (monthly accumulation investing): platforms such as Rakuten Securities and SBI/Olive let you fund a monthly fund purchase with a credit card and earn points on that spend.","Card-funded tsumitate is genuinely attractive because it earns points on money you are investing anyway, but the reward rate varies by card tier and by the specific fund, and programs adjust these rates over time. Confirm the current rate for your exact card and fund rather than assuming a headline figure."],"ja":["日本には、国際的には珍しいポイント投資の考え方が2つあります。1つ目はウォレットや証券アプリ内の「ポイント運用」で、ポイントを相場指数に連動させたり投信を買ったりでき、遊休ポイントを手軽に働かせられます。2つ目はより重要なクレカ積立で、楽天証券やSBI/Oliveなどは毎月の投信買付をクレジットカードで行い、その支出にポイントが付きます。","クレカ積立は、どのみち投資するお金にポイントが付くため本当に魅力的ですが、還元率はカードのランクと対象ファンドで変わり、各社は率を随時見直します。見出しの数字を前提にせず、自分のカードとファンドの現在の率を確認しましょう。"]}},{"id":"discipline","heading":{"en":"Keep the priorities straight","ja":"優先順位を崩さない"},"body":{"en":["Points invested are still real money exposed to real risk, so the decision order is the same as any investment: choose a low-cost, diversified fund suited to your goal first, and treat the points as a small tailwind, not the reason to invest. Inside a NISA account the growth is tax-free, which matters far more over time than a fractional point rate.","A common mistake is upgrading to a higher-fee card purely to lift the tsumitate point rate. Run the arithmetic: the extra annual fee often exceeds the extra points on a normal monthly contribution. The points are a nice bonus on good investing behaviour — never a substitute for it."],"ja":["投資したポイントも、現実のリスクにさらされた現実のお金です。判断の順序はどの投資とも同じで、まず目的に合った低コストで分散されたファンドを選び、ポイントは小さな追い風として扱い、投資の理由にはしません。NISA口座内なら値上がりは非課税で、これはわずかなポイント率よりも長期的にずっと重要です。","よくある間違いは、積立の還元率のためだけに年会費の高いカードへ上げることです。計算しましょう。通常の毎月の積立額では、増える年会費が増えるポイントを上回ることが多いです。ポイントは良い投資行動へのおまけであり、その代わりには決してなりません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Investors who want points as a small bonus on tsumitate"],"ja":["積立のおまけとしてポイントが欲しい投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone treating points as a reason to invest more than planned"],"ja":["ポイントを理由に計画以上に投資しようとする人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Invested points carry market risk; never pick a fund for its point rate over its cost and fit."],"ja":["投資したポイントには市場リスク。コストや適合よりポイント率でファンドを選ばない。"]},"faqs":["points-value","rewards-points-vs-cashback"],"sources":["rakuten-sec","sbi-vpoint-invest","rakuten-card-terms"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-card"],"relatedArticles":["redeem-points-guide","redeem-points-for-cash","bank-brokerage-rewards","maximize-points-japan"]},{"slug":"credit-card-perks-japan","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Credit card memberships & perks in Japan","ja":"日本のクレジットカード会員特典・付帯サービス"},"summary":{"en":"What card membership tiers actually give you — lounge access, travel insurance, concierge — and when a fee-carrying card is worth it.","ja":"カードの会員ランクが実際に何をくれるか（ラウンジ・付帯保険・コンシェルジュ）と、年会費のあるカードが得になる場面。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Gold and platinum cards add perks like airport lounges (often via Priority Pass), travel insurance and concierge; they are worth it only when you use the specific perks enough to cover the fee, and some gold fees can be waived by spending.","ja":"ゴールド・プラチナは空港ラウンジ（Priority Pass経由が多い）・付帯保険・コンシェルジュなどを追加します。特典を年会費分使う場合だけ得で、一部のゴールドは利用で年会費が無料化されます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Perks scale with tier: lounge access, travel insurance, concierge, spend bonuses.","Airport lounge access often comes via Priority Pass on higher tiers.","Some gold cards waive the annual fee once you hit a yearly spend threshold.","Travel insurance terms differ — “automatic” vs “use-conditional” cover is not the same.","A perk you will not use is not a benefit; price the card on perks you actually need."],"ja":["特典はランクで増える。ラウンジ・付帯保険・コンシェルジュ・利用ボーナス。","空港ラウンジは上位ランクでPriority Pass経由のことが多い。","一部のゴールドは年間利用額の条件達成で年会費が無料化。","付帯保険の条件は様々。「自動付帯」と「利用付帯」は別物。","使わない特典は利点ではない。実際に必要な特典でカードを評価する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-tiers-give","heading":{"en":"What each tier actually gives you","ja":"各ランクが実際にくれるもの"},"body":{"en":["Beyond earn rate, cards sell membership benefits that rise with the annual fee. Standard cards focus on rewards; gold cards typically add domestic airport lounges, higher insurance limits, and a spend bonus; platinum cards add a concierge service, Priority Pass for overseas lounges, dining benefits, and often a free family card. The MoneyInJapan card research catalogues these tier by tier, so you can match a fee to the specific perks it unlocks rather than the marketing.","Two Japanese specifics are worth knowing. First, several gold cards waive their annual fee permanently once you reach a yearly spend threshold — SMBC’s gold NL waives at ¥1M and adds an annual bonus, and Epos Gold waives at a lower threshold — which turns a fee-carrying card into an effectively free one for steady spenders. Second, lounge access on premium cards is frequently delivered through Priority Pass, whose guest and visit rules vary by card."],"ja":["還元率以外に、カードは年会費に応じて増える会員特典を売っています。一般カードは還元中心、ゴールドは通常、国内空港ラウンジ・高い保険限度額・利用ボーナスを追加し、プラチナはコンシェルジュ・海外ラウンジのPriority Pass・グルメ特典・家族カード無料などを加えます。MoneyInJapanのカード調査はこれをランク別に整理しており、宣伝ではなく実際に解放される特典に年会費を対応させられます。","日本特有の2点を知っておく価値があります。1つ目は、複数のゴールドが年間利用額の条件達成で年会費が永年無料になることです。三井住友のゴールドNLは100万円で無料化し年間ボーナスが付き、エポスゴールドはより低い条件で無料化します。安定して使う人には、年会費ありのカードが実質無料になります。2つ目は、上位カードのラウンジがPriority Pass経由のことが多く、同伴者や利用回数の条件がカードで異なることです。"]}},{"id":"worth-the-fee","heading":{"en":"When a fee is worth paying","ja":"年会費を払う価値があるとき"},"body":{"en":["Price a fee-carrying card on the perks you will genuinely use. If you take two or three overseas trips a year, Priority Pass lounge access and travel insurance can easily exceed a platinum fee; if you rarely fly, that same fee is dead weight. Read insurance terms carefully — “automatically attached” cover applies just by holding the card, while “use-conditional” cover only applies when you paid for the trip with that card, and the limits and conditions differ by issuer.","The disciplined test: list the perks you will actually use, value them conservatively, subtract any spend-based fee waiver you will qualify for, and compare the remainder to the net fee. If the perks you need do not clear the fee, a no-fee card plus separately bought insurance is usually cheaper."],"ja":["年会費ありのカードは、本当に使う特典で評価します。年に2〜3回海外に行くなら、Priority Passのラウンジと付帯保険で簡単にプラチナの年会費を超え得ます。めったに飛ばないなら、その年会費は無駄です。保険条件はよく読みましょう。「自動付帯」はカードを持つだけで適用され、「利用付帯」はその旅行をそのカードで払った場合のみ適用で、限度額や条件は発行会社で異なります。","規律あるテスト：実際に使う特典を挙げ、控えめに価値づけし、達成できる利用額による年会費無料化を差し引き、残りを実質年会費と比べます。必要な特典が年会費を超えないなら、年会費無料カード＋別途購入の保険の方がたいてい安上がりです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People weighing a gold or platinum card for its perks"],"ja":["特典目当てにゴールド・プラチナを検討する人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who only want simple rewards — a no-fee card is fine"],"ja":["単純な還元だけ欲しい人（年会費無料で十分）"]},"warnings":{"en":["A perk you will not use is not a benefit; do not pay a fee for unused status."],"ja":["使わない特典は利点ではない。使わないステータスに年会費を払わない。"]},"faqs":["rewards-no-fee-cards","rewards-smbc-7-percent"],"sources":["smbc-gold-nl","epos-card-terms","saison-gold-amex"],"relatedProducts":["epos-card"],"relatedArticles":["best-credit-cards-by-category","airline-hotel-status-japan","saison-gold-amex","maximize-points-japan"]},{"slug":"airline-hotel-status-japan","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Airline & hotel status in Japan: is it worth chasing?","ja":"航空・ホテルのステータス：狙う価値はある？"},"summary":{"en":"How elite status works with ANA, JAL and hotel programs, what it earns you, and when the effort pays off.","ja":"ANA・JAL・ホテルプログラムでのステータスの仕組み、得られるもの、そして努力が報われる場面。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Elite status is earned mainly through flying or staying, not points, and pays off only for frequent travellers; for most residents, redeeming points and miles well matters far more than chasing status.","ja":"ステータスは主に搭乗・宿泊で獲得し、ポイントでは得られず、頻繁に旅行する人にしか報われません。多くの居住者には、ステータス狙いよりポイント・マイルを上手に使う方がはるかに重要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Status comes from flight/stay activity, not from spending points.","ANA and JAL tiers grant priority, lounges and bonus miles on paid travel.","Hotel status (e.g. Marriott Bonvoy) adds upgrades, late checkout and bonus points.","Chasing status you will not use (“status runs”) usually costs more than it returns.","For most residents, good redemptions beat status; revisit only if you fly a lot."],"ja":["ステータスは搭乗・宿泊の実績から得られ、ポイント消費では得られない。","ANA・JALのランクは、有料旅行で優先・ラウンジ・ボーナスマイルを付与。","ホテルステータス（例：Marriott Bonvoy）はアップグレード・レイトチェックアウト・ボーナス。","使わないステータス狙い（修行）は、たいてい見返りより高くつく。","多くの居住者には良い交換がステータスに勝る。よく飛ぶなら再検討。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-status-works","heading":{"en":"How status is earned and what it gives","ja":"ステータスの獲得方法と得られるもの"},"body":{"en":["Elite status in ANA Mileage Club and JAL Mileage Bank is earned through travel activity measured over a year — the more you fly on paid, qualifying fares, the higher the tier. Status is not something you buy with points; points and miles are the reward currency, while status is the recognition of flying volume. In return, higher tiers give priority check-in and boarding, lounge access, and bonus miles on paid flights. Hotel programs such as Marriott Bonvoy work the same way through nights stayed, granting upgrades, late checkout and earning bonuses.","A few premium cards offer a shortcut to entry-level hotel status or lounge access as a perk, which is covered in the memberships and perks guide — but airline elite tiers are generally earned by flying, not by holding a card."],"ja":["ANAマイレージクラブやJALマイレージバンクのステータスは、1年間で測る旅行実績で獲得します。対象の有料運賃で多く飛ぶほどランクが上がります。ステータスはポイントで買うものではなく、ポイントやマイルは報酬の通貨、ステータスは搭乗量の評価です。見返りに、上位ランクは優先チェックイン・優先搭乗・ラウンジ・有料便のボーナスマイルを与えます。Marriott Bonvoyなどのホテルプログラムも宿泊数で同様に働き、アップグレード・レイトチェックアウト・獲得ボーナスを与えます。","一部の上位カードは、入門レベルのホテルステータスやラウンジ利用を特典として近道で与えます。これは会員特典ガイドで扱いますが、航空会社の上級会員は通常、カード保有ではなく搭乗で獲得します。"]}},{"id":"worth-chasing","heading":{"en":"When status is worth chasing","ja":"ステータスを狙う価値があるとき"},"body":{"en":["Status pays off when your normal travel already earns it. If you fly frequently for work or family, the priority, lounges and bonus miles are real value you get for trips you were taking anyway. The trap is the “status run” — buying trips you do not need purely to reach a tier — which almost always costs more than the perks return, the same overspending mistake that ruins points strategies.","For the majority of residents who travel occasionally, the better focus is redemption skill: spending everyday points at a clean ¥1, and transferring to miles only for the specific award flights where value exceeds ¥1 per point. Chase status only if a quick, honest calculation shows your existing travel already crosses the threshold."],"ja":["ステータスは、普段の旅行で自然に得られるときに報われます。仕事や家族で頻繁に飛ぶなら、優先・ラウンジ・ボーナスマイルは、どのみち行く旅行に対する実際の価値です。罠は「修行」で、ランク到達のためだけに不要な旅行を買うことです。これはほぼ常に特典の見返りより高くつき、ポイント戦略を壊すのと同じ使いすぎの間違いです。","たまに旅行する多数派の居住者には、交換の技術に集中する方が得です。日常ポイントはきれいに1円で使い、1ポイント1円を超える特定の特典航空券のときだけマイルに交換します。ステータスは、既存の旅行が正直な計算で条件を超えるときだけ狙いましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Frequent flyers and hotel guests weighing elite tiers"],"ja":["上級会員を検討する頻繁な旅行者・宿泊者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Occasional travellers — focus on redemptions instead"],"ja":["たまの旅行者（交換に集中を）"]},"warnings":{"en":["“Status runs” — buying travel only to reach a tier — usually cost more than they return."],"ja":["「修行」（ランクのためだけの旅行購入）は見返りより高くつくことが多い。"]},"faqs":["rewards-ana-vs-jal","rewards-mile-value"],"sources":["ana-mileage","jal-mileage","marriott-bonvoy"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["ana-vs-jal","hotel-travel-rewards","credit-card-perks-japan","redeem-points-for-travel"]},{"slug":"maximize-points-japan","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How to maximize your points in Japan","ja":"日本でポイントを最大化する方法"},"summary":{"en":"A practical playbook: concentrate one ecosystem, stack card + code + store points legitimately, and redeem at real value — without overspending.","ja":"実践的な手引き：経済圏を1つに集中し、カード＋コード＋店舗ポイントを正当に重ね取りし、実質価値で使う。使いすぎずに。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Concentrate on one ecosystem that matches your bank, card and phone, legitimately stack a rewarding card with a code-payment app and a store point, and redeem where value is real — the compounding comes from consistency, not campaign chasing.","ja":"銀行・カード・携帯に合う経済圏に集中し、還元カード＋コード決済＋店舗ポイントを正当に重ね取りし、価値の実る使い道で使う。効果は一貫性から生まれ、キャンペーン追いからではない。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Concentration beats collection: one strong ecosystem, not several weak ones.","Legitimate stacking = pay with a rewarding card, via a code app, showing a store point.","Automate the base: default card, default wallet, default point app on every purchase.","Spend limited-time points first; they expire before ordinary points.","Use the reward calculators to compare cards on effective, not headline, rates."],"ja":["集めるより集中：弱い経済圏を複数より、強い1つ。","正当な重ね取り＝還元カードで、コードアプリ経由で、店舗ポイントを提示して払う。","基盤を自動化：毎回の支払いで既定のカード・ウォレット・ポイントアプリ。","期間限定ポイントを先に使う。通常ポイントより先に失効する。","還元計算ツールで、見出しではなく実質還元率でカードを比較する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"concentrate","heading":{"en":"Step 1: concentrate one ecosystem","ja":"ステップ1：経済圏を1つに集中する"},"body":{"en":["The single biggest lever is concentration. Pick the one ecosystem — Rakuten, PayPay, d POINT, or V Point — that already matches where you bank, which card you carry, and who provides your phone plan, then route as much ordinary spending through it as possible. Concentration keeps balances above expiry thresholds, pushes you up tiered programs like Rakuten SPU and PayPay Step, and means the points you earn are actually usable where you shop. Spreading thinly across several ecosystems does the opposite: small balances that expire and never reach a useful redemption.","This choice is covered in depth in the ecosystem selection guide; the maximizing playbook assumes you have made it."],"ja":["最大のレバーは集中です。すでに使っている銀行・持っているカード・携帯プランに合う経済圏（楽天・PayPay・dポイント・Vポイント）を1つ選び、通常の支出をできるだけそこに通します。集中は残高を失効ラインより上に保ち、楽天SPUやPayPayステップのような段階プログラムでランクを上げ、貯めたポイントを実際に買い物する場所で使えるようにします。複数の経済圏に薄く広げると逆で、小さな残高が失効し、有用な交換に届きません。","この選択は経済圏選びのガイドで詳しく扱います。最大化の手引きは、それを済ませた前提です。"]}},{"id":"stack","heading":{"en":"Step 2: stack legitimately and automate","ja":"ステップ2：正当に重ね取りし、自動化する"},"body":{"en":["Legitimate stacking is not a loophole — it is using each layer once. Pay with a card that earns in your ecosystem, route the payment through a code-payment app (Rakuten Pay, PayPay, d払い, au PAY), and present the matching store point at the register. Done correctly this earns two or three rewards on a single purchase without any manipulation. The key is to automate the base so it happens on every transaction: set one default card, one default wallet, and one default point app, so maximizing requires no daily thought.","Use the reward calculators to compare cards on their effective rate after caps and fees, not the advertised headline, and to check whether a fee-carrying card actually beats a no-fee one for your spending level."],"ja":["正当な重ね取りは抜け道ではなく、各層を1回ずつ使うことです。経済圏で貯まるカードで払い、コード決済アプリ（楽天ペイ・PayPay・d払い・au PAY）を経由し、レジで対応する店舗ポイントを提示します。正しく行えば、操作なしに1回の買い物で2〜3重の還元が付きます。鍵は基盤の自動化で、毎回の取引で起きるようにすることです。既定のカード1枚・ウォレット1つ・ポイントアプリ1つを設定すれば、最大化に日々の判断は不要になります。","還元計算ツールで、広告の見出しではなく上限・手数料後の実質還元率でカードを比較し、あなたの支出水準で年会費ありのカードが無料カードを本当に上回るか確認しましょう。"]}},{"id":"redeem","heading":{"en":"Step 3: redeem where value is real","ja":"ステップ3：価値の実る使い道で使う"},"body":{"en":["Earning is only half the job — value is realised at redemption. Spend limited-time points first because they expire soonest, ideally at the register for a clean ¥1. Reserve mile transfers for the specific award flights where value clearly exceeds ¥1 per point, and use ecosystem points at ¥1 for hotels, cash-like register spending, or point investing when that suits you. The through-line of every step is discipline: the strategy works because it rides spending you would do anyway, and it fails the moment you spend more to chase a reward."],"ja":["貯めるのは仕事の半分にすぎず、価値は交換で実現します。期間限定ポイントは最も早く失効するので先に使い、できればレジできれいに1円で使います。マイル交換は1ポイント1円を明らかに超える特定の特典航空券に限り、経済圏ポイントは1円でホテル・現金同等のレジ払い・自分に合えばポイント投資に使います。すべてのステップを貫くのは規律です。この戦略はどのみち行う支出に乗るから機能し、特典を追って余計に使った瞬間に破綻します。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone ready to set up a consistent, low-effort points system"],"ja":["一貫した低労力のポイント体制を作りたい人"]},"notFor":{"en":["People who would overspend to hit bonuses"],"ja":["ボーナス達成のために使いすぎる人"]},"warnings":{"en":["Points are a discount on spending you would do anyway. A purchase made only to earn points is a net loss — never chase rewards into overspending."],"ja":["ポイントはどのみち行う支出への割引です。ポイントのためだけの買い物は純損失。特典を追って使いすぎないこと。"]},"faqs":["rewards-stacking","rewards-beginner-program","points-which-ecosystem"],"sources":["rakuten-spu","paypay-step","dpoint-expiry"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-card"],"relatedArticles":["choosing-a-point-ecosystem","stacking-credit-qr-store","points-deals-and-campaigns","best-credit-cards-by-category"]},{"slug":"points-glossary","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Points & rewards glossary: key Japanese terms","ja":"ポイント・特典用語集：重要な日本語の用語"},"summary":{"en":"Plain-language definitions of the terms you meet across Japanese points programs — from limited-time points to SPU, tsumitate and touch payment.","ja":"日本のポイントプログラムで出会う用語を平易に定義。期間限定ポイントからSPU、積立、タッチ決済まで。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"This glossary defines the recurring terms in Japanese rewards — ordinary vs limited-time points, base vs effective rate, ecosystem, stacking, tsumitate and mileage transfer — so the rest of the hub reads clearly.","ja":"この用語集は日本の特典で繰り返し出る用語（通常・期間限定ポイント、基本・実質還元率、経済圏、重ね取り、積立、マイル交換）を定義し、ハブの他ページを読みやすくします。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Ordinary points last longer; limited-time points expire fast — spend them first.","Base rate is advertised; effective rate is what you keep after caps and fees.","“Ecosystem” ties a bank, card, wallet and phone plan into one point currency.","Stacking layers card, code-payment and store points on one purchase, legitimately.","Tsumitate is card-funded monthly investing that can also earn points."],"ja":["通常ポイントは長持ち、期間限定ポイントは早く失効。先に使う。","基本還元率は広告値、実質還元率は上限・手数料後に残る分。","「経済圏」は銀行・カード・ウォレット・携帯を1つのポイント通貨で結ぶ。","重ね取りはカード・コード決済・店舗ポイントを1回の買い物に正当に重ねること。","積立はクレカで行う毎月の投資で、ポイントも付き得る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"point-types","heading":{"en":"Point types and value","ja":"ポイントの種類と価値"},"body":{"en":["Ordinary points (通常ポイント) are the standard balance, usually valid one to two years and redeemable across an ecosystem at roughly ¥1 each. Limited-time points (期間限定ポイント) are campaign points that expire within weeks to months and sometimes redeem only in narrow services — always spend these first. Base rate is the advertised earn (often 1% on cards), while effective rate is what you actually keep after caps, rounding, exclusions, fees and realistic redemption. Devaluation is when a program quietly lowers the value or raises the price of a redemption over time, which is why hoarding points is risky."],"ja":["通常ポイントは標準の残高で、通常1〜2年有効、経済圏内で1ポイント約1円で使えます。期間限定ポイントは数週間〜数か月で失効し、限られたサービスでしか使えないこともあるキャンペーンポイントで、必ず先に使います。基本還元率は広告上の付与（カードで1%が多い）、実質還元率は上限・端数・除外・手数料・現実的な交換の後に実際に残る分です。価値低下は、プログラムが時間とともに交換価値を下げたり必要ポイントを上げたりすることで、だからポイントの貯め込みは危険です。"]}},{"id":"systems-terms","heading":{"en":"Ecosystems, stacking and payments","ja":"経済圏・重ね取り・決済"},"body":{"en":["An ecosystem (経済圏) is a linked group of a bank, card, wallet, shopping site and phone plan that share one point currency — Rakuten, PayPay, d POINT and V Point are the big four. Stacking (二重取り・三重取り) means legitimately earning two or three rewards on one purchase by paying with a rewarding card, through a code-payment app, while presenting a store point. SPU (Super Point Up) is Rakuten’s tiered program that raises your rate as you use more services; PayPay Step is the equivalent for PayPay. Touch payment (タッチ決済) is contactless card or smartphone payment, and eligibility rules often distinguish smartphone contactless from physical-card touch and from iD/QUICPay."],"ja":["経済圏は、銀行・カード・ウォレット・買い物サイト・携帯プランが1つのポイント通貨を共有する連携した集まりで、楽天・PayPay・dポイント・Vポイントが四大です。重ね取り（二重取り・三重取り）は、還元カードで、コード決済アプリを経由し、店舗ポイントを提示して、1回の買い物で正当に2〜3重の還元を得ることです。SPU（スーパーポイントアップ）は、使うサービスが増えるほど率が上がる楽天の段階プログラムで、PayPayステップはPayPay版です。タッチ決済は非接触のカード・スマホ決済で、対象条件はスマホの非接触と物理カードのタッチ、iD/QUICPayを区別することが多いです。"]}},{"id":"travel-invest-terms","heading":{"en":"Travel and investment terms","ja":"旅行・投資の用語"},"body":{"en":["Miles (マイル) are airline loyalty currency in ANA Mileage Club or JAL Mileage Bank; a mile transfer converts ecosystem points into miles at a set ratio, and value per mile varies widely by redemption. An award flight (特典航空券) is a seat booked with miles rather than cash. Tsumitate (積立) is monthly accumulation investing; card-funded tsumitate lets a credit card pay for monthly fund purchases and earn points on that spend. Furusato nozei (ふるさと納税) is the hometown-tax donation scheme that returns goods and, on ecosystem platforms, points, while offsetting resident and income tax."],"ja":["マイルはANAマイレージクラブやJALマイレージバンクの航空ロイヤルティ通貨で、マイル交換は経済圏ポイントを一定比率でマイルに換えることを指し、1マイルの価値は交換で大きく変わります。特典航空券は現金ではなくマイルで予約した座席です。積立は毎月の累積投資で、クレカ積立はクレジットカードで毎月の投信買付を行いその支出にポイントが付くものです。ふるさと納税は、返礼品と、経済圏プラットフォームではポイントを返し、住民税・所得税を相殺する寄付制度です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Readers who want the vocabulary before the deep dives"],"ja":["深掘り前に用語を押さえたい読者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Experienced optimisers who know the terms"],"ja":["用語を知る熟練者"]},"warnings":{"en":["Definitions are general; each program sets its own exact rules and can change them."],"ja":["定義は一般的なもの。各プログラムが独自の正確な規則を定め、変更し得る。"]},"faqs":["rewards-limited-time","rewards-stacking","points-value"],"sources":["paypay-points","rakuten-spu","dpoint-expiry"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-points-are-earned","point-value-expiry","stacking-credit-qr-store","maximize-points-japan"]},{"slug":"how-international-transfers-work","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How international money transfers work","ja":"海外送金の仕組み"},"summary":{"en":"The chain behind a cross-border payment — funding, conversion, messaging, correspondent banks, and payout — and why a low headline fee is not the same as a low total cost.","ja":"送金の裏側にある一連の流れ（資金の受け渡し・両替・メッセージ送信・中継銀行・受取）と、表示手数料の安さが総コストの安さと同じではない理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"An international transfer is a chain of steps — funding, currency conversion, payment messaging, compliance checks, correspondent processing, and beneficiary payout — and a low fee at one link does not guarantee a low total cost.","ja":"海外送金は、資金の受け渡し・両替・メッセージ送信・コンプライアンス確認・中継処理・受取という一連の連鎖です。ある段階の手数料が安くても、総コストが安いとは限りません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A transfer is not one product: it is funding, conversion, messaging, settlement, compliance, intermediary processing, and final payout.","A bank wire converts your yen at the bank’s customer rate, sends a SWIFT message, and settles through correspondent banks that may each deduct a fee.","A remittance platform often collects yen locally in Japan and pays out locally abroad, avoiding some correspondent deductions.","The honest comparison unit is the recipient amount for the same total you are debited — not the advertised transfer fee."],"ja":["送金は単一の商品ではありません。資金の受け渡し・両替・メッセージ送信・決済・コンプライアンス・中継処理・最終受取の連鎖です。","銀行送金は、円を銀行の対顧客レートで両替し、SWIFTメッセージを送り、各段階で手数料を差し引きうる中継銀行を通じて決済します。","送金プラットフォームは、日本国内で円を集め、海外では現地で支払うことが多く、一部の中継手数料を避けられます。","正しい比較単位は、宣伝される送金手数料ではなく、「同じ引落総額に対して受取人がいくら受け取るか」です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-chain","heading":{"en":"A transfer is a chain, not a single fee","ja":"送金は「連鎖」であって単一手数料ではない"},"body":{"en":["International money movement is not one product. It is a chain of links: funding (getting your money to the provider), currency conversion, payment messaging, compliance and sanctions checks, intermediary processing, beneficiary-bank processing, and final credit or cash payout. Each link can add time and cost.","Because the cost is spread across the chain, a low headline fee at one link — “¥0 transfer fee” — does not guarantee a low total. A provider can advertise a free transfer and still be more expensive than one charging ¥1,000 if it uses a worse exchange rate."],"ja":["海外送金は一つの商品ではなく、連鎖です。資金の受け渡し（自分のお金を業者に渡す）、両替、メッセージ送信、コンプライアンス・制裁確認、中継処理、受取銀行の処理、そして最終的な入金または現金受取。各段階で時間とコストが加わりえます。","コストが連鎖全体に散らばるため、ある段階の表示手数料が安い（「送金手数料0円」）からといって総額が安いとは限りません。無料をうたっていても、為替レートが悪ければ、1,000円を取る業者より高くつくことがあります。"]}},{"id":"bank-wire","heading":{"en":"How a conventional bank wire flows","ja":"通常の銀行送金（電信送金）の流れ"},"body":{"en":["A bank wire usually follows this sequence: you submit the beneficiary and purpose details; the bank screens the parties and the transaction; your yen is converted at the bank’s customer rate unless you supply foreign currency; a SWIFT payment message is sent; correspondent banks settle the payment between institutions that lack a direct relationship; the beneficiary bank runs its own checks; charges are deducted along the way; and the remaining amount is credited.","Each correspondent bank in the middle can deduct a handling charge before the money reaches the beneficiary. Japan Post Bank, for example, discloses fixed correspondent deductions on qualifying USD and EUR receipts and warns that additional intermediary charges may also apply."],"ja":["銀行送金は通常この順序で進みます。受取人と送金目的の情報を提出→銀行が当事者と取引を審査→外貨を持ち込まない限り円を対顧客レートで両替→SWIFTの支払メッセージを送信→直接の取引関係がない銀行同士をコルレス（中継）銀行が決済→受取銀行が独自の確認→途中で手数料が差し引かれ→残額が入金されます。","途中の各中継銀行は、受取人に届く前に取扱手数料を差し引きえます。たとえばゆうちょ銀行は、対象となる米ドル・ユーロの受取に定額の中継銀行控除を明示し、さらに追加の中継手数料が生じうると注意しています。"]}},{"id":"platform-route","heading":{"en":"How a remittance platform is different","ja":"送金プラットフォームはどこが違うか"},"body":{"en":["A remittance-platform transfer often avoids the full retail SWIFT chain. It may collect your yen through Japan’s domestic banking network (centred on the Zengin system), internally match or hedge the currency need, and arrange a domestic payout in the destination country. This can reduce the number of correspondent deductions and let the app show you the recipient amount up front.","The platform still performs identity, sanctions, transaction-monitoring, and source-of-funds reviews. Speed estimates such as “minutes” assume normal funding, compliance, banking hours, and payout-agent availability — they are estimates, not guarantees."],"ja":["プラットフォーム送金は、小口向けのSWIFT連鎖を丸ごと使わないことが多いです。日本国内の銀行網（全銀システムが中心）で円を集め、通貨ニーズを内部で相殺・ヘッジし、受取国では現地で支払う仕組みです。これにより中継控除の回数を減らし、アプリ上で受取額を事前に提示できます。","それでも業者は本人確認・制裁スクリーニング・取引モニタリング・資金源の確認を行います。「数分」といった速さは、通常の入金・コンプライアンス・銀行営業時間・受取代理店の在庫を前提とした見積であり、保証ではありません。"]}},{"id":"compare-right","heading":{"en":"The one comparison that is honest","ja":"唯一「正直」な比較方法"},"body":{"en":["Because cost hides across the chain, compare providers on the recipient amount for the same total sender debit, in the same currency, to the same destination and payout method, funded the same way, quoted at the same time. That single number captures the transfer fee, the exchange-rate margin, and predictable deductions together.","Use the companion pages on transfer fees, exchange-rate markups, and comparing quotes to turn this into a repeatable worksheet before you send."],"ja":["コストが連鎖全体に隠れるため、比較は「同じ引落総額・同じ通貨・同じ受取先と受取方法・同じ資金調達・同じ時刻」での受取額で行いましょう。この一つの数字が、送金手数料・為替マージン・予測可能な控除をまとめて捉えます。","手数料の内訳、為替マージン、見積の比較方法の各ページを使い、送金前に繰り返し使えるワークシートに落とし込みましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone sending or receiving money across borders for the first time","People deciding between a bank and a specialist"],"ja":["初めて海外送金・受取をする方","銀行と専門業者のどちらにするか迷っている方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers who want a single “cheapest provider” answer without comparing a live quote","Corporate treasury or FX-hedging strategy"],"ja":["ライブ見積を比較せずに単一の「最安業者」を求める方","法人の資金管理・為替ヘッジ戦略"]},"warnings":{"en":["A transfer receipt proves that you initiated a payment — not that the beneficiary was finally credited."],"ja":["送金の控えは「送金を始めた」証明であり、受取人に最終入金された証明ではありません。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["swift-about","swift-gpi","zengin-system","imny-jpbank-receive","fsa-funds-transfer"],"relatedProducts":["wise","revolut"],"relatedArticles":["transfer-fees-explained","exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","compare-transfer-quotes","swift-transfers-explained"]},{"slug":"transfer-fees-explained","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"International transfer fees explained","ja":"海外送金の手数料を分解する"},"summary":{"en":"Every charge that can eat into a cross-border payment — transfer fee, funding fee, lifting charge, intermediary and recipient fees, withdrawal and return costs — and how to add them into one total effective cost.","ja":"海外送金で発生しうるすべての費用（送金手数料・入金手数料・リフティングチャージ・中継/受取手数料・引出/返金費用）と、それらを一つの総実効コストにまとめる方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The total effective cost of a transfer is the transfer fee plus funding fee, FX loss, intermediary deductions, recipient-bank fee, withdrawal fee, and any return or investigation cost — not just the advertised fee.","ja":"送金の総実効コストは、宣伝される手数料だけでなく、送金手数料＋入金手数料＋為替差損＋中継控除＋受取銀行手数料＋引出手数料＋返金・調査費用の合計です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The advertised transfer fee is only one line; the exchange-rate margin is often the larger cost.","A lifting charge applies when a bank handles a transfer without its normal currency conversion — for example a same-currency or JPY international wire.","Intermediary (correspondent) banks and the recipient’s bank can deduct fees the sender’s provider cannot see in advance.","Total effective cost = transfer fee + funding fee + FX loss + intermediary deductions + recipient fee + withdrawal fee + return/investigation cost."],"ja":["宣伝される送金手数料は一項目にすぎません。為替マージンの方が大きいことが多いです。","リフティングチャージは、銀行が通常の両替をせずに送金を扱う場合（同一通貨や円建ての国際送金など）にかかります。","中継（コルレス）銀行や受取人の銀行は、送金側の業者が事前に把握できない手数料を差し引きえます。","総実効コスト＝送金手数料＋入金手数料＋為替差損＋中継控除＋受取手数料＋引出手数料＋返金/調査費用。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-fees","heading":{"en":"The charges you can meet","ja":"出会いうる費用"},"body":{"en":["Transfer fee: the provider’s separately displayed charge to initiate the transfer. It may be fixed, percentage-based, tiered, promotional, or partly folded into the exchange rate.","Funding fee: an extra charge for how you pay — card funding in particular can add an acquiring cost or be treated as a cash advance, while bank-transfer funding is usually cheaper.","Lifting charge (外貨取扱手数料): a handling charge when a bank does not perform its normal currency conversion, such as a same-currency or JPY-denominated international transfer. Several Japanese banks list this as roughly 0.05% with a minimum around ¥2,500.","Intermediary-bank fee: a correspondent bank in the middle can deduct a handling charge before the money arrives.","Recipient-bank fee: the beneficiary’s bank may charge an incoming-wire, lifting, conversion, or credit fee that the sender’s provider cannot see.","Withdrawal / payout fee: cash pickup, ATM withdrawal, or moving money out of a wallet can carry its own charge.","Return / investigation cost: if a transfer bounces, the refund can arrive net of fees and of any adverse exchange-rate movement."],"ja":["送金手数料：送金を始めるために業者が別途表示する料金。定額・定率・段階制・プロモーション・レート内包などがあります。","入金（資金調達）手数料：支払方法に応じた追加費用。特にカード払いは加盟店手数料が乗ったりキャッシングとして扱われたりします。銀行振込での入金は通常より安いです。","リフティングチャージ（外貨取扱手数料）：銀行が通常の両替をしない場合（同一通貨や円建ての国際送金など）の取扱手数料。日本の複数の銀行が概ね0.05%・最低2,500円前後で提示します。","中継銀行手数料：途中のコルレス銀行が、到着前に取扱手数料を差し引きえます。","受取銀行手数料：受取人の銀行が、送金側業者には見えない被仕向・リフティング・両替・入金手数料を課すことがあります。","引出・受取手数料：現金受取、ATM引出、ウォレットからの出金には、それぞれ手数料がかかりえます。","返金・調査費用：送金が戻ると、返金は手数料や不利な為替変動を差し引いた後の額になりえます。"]}},{"id":"total-formula","heading":{"en":"Add them into one number","ja":"一つの数字にまとめる"},"body":{"en":["Total effective cost = transfer fee + funding fee + FX loss + intermediary deductions + recipient fee + withdrawal/ATM fee + return or investigation cost. Only this total lets you rank providers fairly.","In practice, separate the charges you can see (transfer fee, published FX margin) from the ones that are estimated (intermediary and recipient deductions). Show the known cost, then a range for the uncertain part, rather than pretending the uncertain deductions are zero."],"ja":["総実効コスト＝送金手数料＋入金手数料＋為替差損＋中継控除＋受取手数料＋引出/ATM手数料＋返金・調査費用。この総額だけが、業者を公平に順位づけできます。","実務では、見える費用（送金手数料・公表FXマージン）と、推定になる費用（中継・受取控除）を分けましょう。見えない控除をゼロと決めつけず、確定コストを示したうえで不確実部分を幅で表すのが正しいやり方です。"]}},{"id":"small-vs-large","heading":{"en":"Fixed fees hurt small transfers; FX margin hurts large ones","ja":"小口は定額手数料が、大口は為替マージンが効く"},"body":{"en":["On a small transfer, fixed sending, correspondent, and recipient fees are a large percentage of the amount, so a specialist that avoids correspondent deductions usually wins. On a large transfer, the fixed fees become trivial and the exchange-rate margin dominates — so negotiating the FX rate or getting multiple same-time quotes saves more than shaving the transfer fee."],"ja":["小口では、定額の送金・中継・受取手数料が金額に対して大きな割合になるため、中継控除を避けられる専門業者が有利なことが多いです。大口では定額手数料は小さくなり、為替マージンが支配的になります。よって、送金手数料を削るより、為替レートを交渉する・同時刻の複数見積を取る方が節約になります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People comparing “free” transfers against low-fee ones","Anyone surprised that the recipient got less than expected"],"ja":["「無料」送金と低手数料送金を比べたい方","受取人が想定より少なく受け取って驚いた方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers who only want the single cheapest name without a live quote"],"ja":["ライブ見積なしで単一の最安名だけを知りたい方"]},"warnings":{"en":["“OUR” (sender pays all charges) does not always guarantee the exact invoiced amount arrives — some banks warn downstream fees can still be deducted."],"ja":["「OUR」（送金人が全手数料負担）でも、請求どおりの額が必ず届くとは限りません。下流の手数料が差し引かれうると注意する銀行もあります。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["imny-smbc-remit","imny-mizuho-remit","imny-jpbank-receive","remit-prestia-fees"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-international-transfers-work","exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","intermediary-bank-fees","our-sha-ben-fees"]},{"slug":"exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Exchange rates and hidden FX markups","ja":"為替レートと隠れた為替マージン"},"summary":{"en":"What the mid-market rate is, how TTS/TTB and spreads work at Japanese banks, and how to calculate a provider’s exchange-rate markup so the hidden cost stops being hidden.","ja":"仲値とは何か、日本の銀行のTTS/TTBとスプレッドの仕組み、そして業者の為替マージンを計算して「隠れコスト」を見える化する方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The mid-market rate is the neutral midpoint of wholesale prices; banks and providers add a margin (a spread) to it, and you can measure that markup as |provider rate ÷ mid-market rate − 1| × 100.","ja":"仲値は卸売価格の中立な中間値です。銀行や業者はそこにマージン（スプレッド）を上乗せします。そのマージンは |業者レート ÷ 仲値 − 1| × 100 で測れます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The mid-market (interbank) rate is the midpoint between wholesale bid and offer — a benchmark, not a guaranteed retail rate.","Japanese banks publish a TTS rate when you buy foreign currency with yen and a TTB rate when you sell it back; the gap from the mid-rate is a cost.","Markup % = |provider rate ÷ mid-market rate − 1| × 100, applied with a consistent rate orientation.","A published margin such as ¥1 per USD is small on a small transfer but scales directly with the amount."],"ja":["仲値（インターバンクレート）は卸売の売買の中間値で、ベンチマークであり保証された小売レートではありません。","日本の銀行は、円で外貨を買うときのTTSレートと、外貨を円に戻すときのTTBレートを公表します。仲値との差がコストです。","マージン率＝|業者レート ÷ 仲値 − 1|×100。レートの向きを一貫させて計算します。","「1ドルあたり1円」などの公表マージンは、小口では小さくても金額に比例して増えます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"mid-market","heading":{"en":"Mid-market rate: the benchmark","ja":"仲値：ベンチマーク"},"body":{"en":["The mid-market rate is the midpoint between the wholesale market’s bid and offer prices. It is the fairest neutral benchmark for comparison, which is why rate sites and Wise quote it. It is not, however, a guaranteed executable retail rate.","Official reference rates behave the same way. On 31 July 2026, the European Central Bank’s information-only reference rates implied roughly ¥160.235 per USD. The ECB stresses these are benchmarks, not transaction rates — useful for calculation, not for settlement."],"ja":["仲値は、卸売市場の売り値と買い値の中間点です。比較のための最も公平で中立なベンチマークであり、レートサイトやWiseがこれを提示する理由です。ただし、保証された実行可能な小売レートではありません。","公的な参照レートも同様です。2026年7月31日、欧州中央銀行の情報提供目的の参照レートは概ね1ドル約160.235円を示唆しました。ECBはこれをベンチマークであり取引レートではないと強調しています。計算には有用ですが決済用ではありません。"]}},{"id":"tts-ttb","heading":{"en":"TTS, TTB, and the spread","ja":"TTS・TTBとスプレッド"},"body":{"en":["Japanese banks commonly publish a TTS rate (対顧客電信売相場) for customers buying foreign currency with yen, and a TTB rate (対顧客電信買相場) for customers selling foreign currency back to yen. The distance between the mid-market rate and the customer rate is an exchange-rate cost, and the TTS–TTB gap is the round-trip spread.","Banks often state the margin per unit. SMBC, for example, publishes an indicated USD exchange margin of about ¥1 per dollar for its personal online foreign-remittance service, with different listed margins for other currencies such as around ¥1.40 per euro."],"ja":["日本の銀行は通常、円で外貨を買う顧客向けのTTSレート（対顧客電信売相場）と、外貨を円に戻す顧客向けのTTBレート（対顧客電信買相場）を公表します。仲値と対顧客レートの差が為替コストで、TTSとTTBの差が往復のスプレッドです。","銀行は単位あたりのマージンを示すことが多いです。たとえば三井住友銀行は、個人向けオンライン外国送金で米ドルの為替マージンを概ね1ドルあたり1円と示し、ユーロは1ユーロあたり約1.40円など通貨ごとに異なるマージンを掲げています。"]}},{"id":"calc-markup","heading":{"en":"Calculating the markup","ja":"マージンの計算"},"body":{"en":["Markup % = |provider rate ÷ mid-market rate − 1| × 100. Orient the rates consistently. When you compare JPY per foreign-currency unit, a higher JPY rate paid by the sender is worse; when you compare foreign currency received per JPY, a lower number is worse.","Worked example: if the mid-rate is ¥160.235 per USD and your bank’s customer rate is ¥161.235 per USD (a ¥1 margin), the markup is |161.235 ÷ 160.235 − 1| × 100 ≈ 0.62%. On ¥300,000 that margin alone is about ¥1,870, before any fixed transfer fee."],"ja":["マージン率＝|業者レート ÷ 仲値 − 1|×100。レートの向きを一貫させます。外貨1単位あたりの円で比べるなら、送金人が払う円レートが高いほど不利。1円あたりの受取外貨で比べるなら、数値が低いほど不利です。","計算例：仲値が1ドル160.235円、銀行の対顧客レートが1ドル161.235円（マージン1円）なら、マージンは|161.235 ÷ 160.235 − 1|×100 ≈ 0.62%。30万円ではこのマージンだけで約1,870円になり、これに定額の送金手数料が加わります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone puzzled why the bank’s rate differs from Google","People sizing up the true cost of a conversion"],"ja":["銀行のレートがGoogleと違う理由が分からない方","両替の本当のコストを見積もりたい方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers seeking a rate forecast or “best time to convert” prediction"],"ja":["レート予想や「両替の最適タイミング」の予測を求める方"]},"warnings":{"en":["Reference and mid-market rates are benchmarks; your executable rate is set at the moment of the transaction and may differ."],"ja":["参照レートや仲値はベンチマークです。実際に約定するレートは取引時点で決まり、異なることがあります。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["ecb-fx-rates","imny-smbc-remit","remit-wise-pricing"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["transfer-fees-explained","mid-market-vs-bank-rate","compare-transfer-quotes","weekend-fx-markups"]},{"slug":"mid-market-vs-bank-rate","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mid-market rate versus bank exchange rate","ja":"仲値と銀行の為替レートの違い"},"summary":{"en":"Why Google, the ECB, Wise, banks, cards, cash counters, and merchants all show different exchange rates for the same currency pair — with worked yen examples.","ja":"Google・ECB・Wise・銀行・カード・両替所・店舗が、同じ通貨ペアでも異なる為替レートを表示する理由を、円建ての計算例つきで解説します。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Rate sites show the mid-market benchmark, while banks, cards, and cash counters add a margin — so the same currency pair looks different everywhere, and the gap is your cost.","ja":"レートサイトは仲値のベンチマークを示し、銀行・カード・両替所はマージンを上乗せします。だから同じ通貨ペアでも表示が場所ごとに違い、その差があなたのコストです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Google and the ECB display a benchmark (mid-market or reference) rate you generally cannot transact at.","Wise quotes the mid-market rate and charges a visible fee; banks fold a margin into a TTS/TTB customer rate.","Cash counters and airport kiosks carry the widest spreads; merchant DCC is usually the worst of all.","To compare, convert everything to “yen you part with for the recipient amount” at the same moment."],"ja":["GoogleやECBは、通常はその値では取引できないベンチマーク（仲値・参照）レートを表示します。","Wiseは仲値を提示して手数料を明示します。銀行はマージンをTTS/TTBの対顧客レートに内包します。","両替所や空港カウンターはスプレッドが最も広く、店舗のDCCはたいてい最悪です。","比較するには、同じ瞬間に「受取額のために手放す円」に換算して並べます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"who-shows-what","heading":{"en":"Who shows which rate","ja":"どこがどのレートを表示するか"},"body":{"en":["Rate sites (Google, XE) and central-bank pages (the ECB reference table) show the mid-market or reference rate — a benchmark near the interbank midpoint that retail customers generally cannot execute at.","Wise quotes that mid-market rate and lists its fee separately, so the markup is visible. Traditional banks instead publish a TTS/TTB customer rate with the margin already inside it, so the fee looks small while the rate does the work. Cards apply the network rate plus an issuer foreign-transaction fee. Cash counters and airport kiosks post the widest buy/sell spreads. Merchant or ATM dynamic currency conversion (DCC) is usually the most expensive of all."],"ja":["レートサイト（Google・XE）や中央銀行のページ（ECBの参照表）は、仲値・参照レート、すなわちインターバンク中間値に近いベンチマークを表示します。小売の顧客は通常その値で約定できません。","Wiseはその仲値を提示し手数料を別掲するので、マージンが見えます。従来の銀行は、マージンをすでに内包したTTS/TTBの対顧客レートを公表するため、手数料は小さく見えてもレートが仕事をしています。カードはネットワークレートに発行会社の海外取引手数料を加えます。両替所・空港カウンターは売買スプレッドが最も広く、店舗やATMのDCCはたいてい最も高くつきます。"]}},{"id":"worked-example","heading":{"en":"A worked yen example","ja":"円建ての計算例"},"body":{"en":["Suppose the mid-rate is ¥160.235 per USD and you want to send USD 1,000. At the benchmark, that is ¥160,235. A bank customer rate of ¥161.235 (a ¥1 margin) makes the same USD 1,000 cost ¥161,235 — about ¥1,000 more from the rate alone, before the fixed transfer fee. A cash counter quoting ¥168 would cost ¥168,000.","The lesson is to convert every option into the yen you actually part with for the same recipient amount, at the same moment, and ignore which line is called “fee” versus “rate.”"],"ja":["仲値が1ドル160.235円で、1,000ドルを送るとします。ベンチマークでは160,235円です。銀行の対顧客レートが161.235円（マージン1円）なら、同じ1,000ドルは161,235円になり、定額の送金手数料を除いてもレートだけで約1,000円多くかかります。両替所が168円で提示すれば168,000円です。","教訓は、すべての選択肢を「同じ受取額のために同じ瞬間に実際に手放す円」に換算し、どの行が「手数料」でどの行が「レート」かにとらわれないことです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone comparing a bank quote to a rate site","Travellers deciding where to change money"],"ja":["銀行の見積とレートサイトを比べたい方","どこで両替するか迷う旅行者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers wanting a rate prediction"],"ja":["レート予想を求める方"]},"warnings":{"en":["At a merchant or ATM, always choose the local currency and decline conversion into yen (DCC)."],"ja":["店舗やATMでは、必ず現地通貨を選び、円への変換（DCC）を断りましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["ecb-fx-rates","remit-wise-pricing","imny-smbc-remit","visa-dcc"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","dynamic-currency-conversion","best-overseas-cards"]},{"slug":"swift-transfers-explained","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"SWIFT transfers explained for Japan","ja":"SWIFT送金の基礎（日本）"},"summary":{"en":"What SWIFT messaging is, how correspondent banking and BIC codes work, why fees appear along the way, how gpi tracking helps, and when a SWIFT wire is genuinely necessary.","ja":"SWIFTのメッセージ送信とは何か、コルレス銀行とBICコードの仕組み、途中で手数料が発生する理由、gpi追跡の効用、そしてSWIFT送金が本当に必要な場面。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"SWIFT is a standardized messaging network banks use to instruct cross-border payments; it does not itself hold your account or set the rate, and money settles through correspondent banks that may each deduct a fee.","ja":"SWIFTは、銀行が国際送金を指示するために使う標準化されたメッセージ網です。口座を保有したりレートを決めたりはせず、決済は各段階で手数料を差し引きうるコルレス銀行を通じて行われます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["SWIFT carries payment messages between institutions; it does not move or hold the money itself.","The beneficiary bank is identified by a BIC/SWIFT code, and the payment may pass through correspondent banks.","SWIFT connects more than 11,500 institutions across 200+ countries; its gpi service can improve institution-to-institution tracking.","A SWIFT wire is worth its cost when the beneficiary insists on a wire, the amount is large, or formal banking documentation is required."],"ja":["SWIFTは機関間の支払メッセージを運ぶもので、資金そのものを動かしたり保有したりはしません。","受取銀行はBIC/SWIFTコードで識別され、支払はコルレス銀行を経由することがあります。","SWIFTは200を超える国・地域の11,500超の機関を結び、gpiは機関間の追跡を改善します。","SWIFT送金は、受取人が電信送金を要求する・金額が大きい・正式な銀行書類が必要な場合にコストに見合います。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-swift-is","heading":{"en":"What SWIFT is (and is not)","ja":"SWIFTとは何か（そして何でないか）"},"body":{"en":["SWIFT provides standardized financial messaging between institutions. It tells the receiving side who is paying, who is being paid, how much, in what currency, and why. It does not hold your bank account and does not automatically set the exchange rate — your own bank converts the currency at its customer rate unless you supply foreign currency.","SWIFT reports a network connecting more than 11,500 institutions across more than 220 countries and territories. Banks worldwide are migrating these messages to the richer ISO 20022 format, which is why some Japanese banks have changed beneficiary-registration requirements."],"ja":["SWIFTは機関間の標準化された金融メッセージを提供します。誰が・誰に・いくら・どの通貨で・なぜ支払うかを受取側に伝えます。あなたの口座を保有せず、為替レートも自動的には決めません。外貨を持ち込まない限り、通貨の両替は自分の銀行が対顧客レートで行います。","SWIFTは220を超える国・地域の11,500超の機関を結ぶ網だと報告しています。世界の銀行はこれらのメッセージをより情報量の多いISO 20022形式へ移行しており、これが一部の日本の銀行で受取人登録要件が変わった理由です。"]}},{"id":"correspondent-and-bic","heading":{"en":"Correspondent banks and BIC codes","ja":"コルレス銀行とBICコード"},"body":{"en":["When the sending and receiving banks lack a direct settlement relationship, one or more correspondent banks hold accounts for each other and pass the funds onward. Each extra institution introduces possible fees, cut-off times, sanctions checks, reconciliation delays, and return risk.","To send, you need the beneficiary bank’s BIC/SWIFT code plus the account identifier the destination country uses (IBAN, routing/ABA number, sort code, BSB, IFSC, or a domestic account number and branch code). The recipient name must match the bank record exactly."],"ja":["送金銀行と受取銀行に直接の決済関係がない場合、一つ以上のコルレス銀行が互いに口座を持ち、資金を先へ渡します。機関が増えるごとに、手数料・締切時刻・制裁確認・照合遅延・返送リスクが生じえます。","送るには、受取銀行のBIC/SWIFTコードと、受取国が使う口座識別子（IBAN、ルーティング/ABA番号、ソートコード、BSB、IFSC、または国内の口座番号と支店コード）が必要です。受取人名は銀行記録と完全に一致する必要があります。"]}},{"id":"when-swift","heading":{"en":"When SWIFT is worth it","ja":"SWIFTが見合う場面"},"body":{"en":["Prefer a SWIFT wire when the beneficiary insists on a wire, when the currency or institution has no local payout route, when the amount is large, or when formal banking documentation (a bank-issued proof of remittance) is required — for example brokerage deposits, escrow, tax payments, or property. For smaller everyday transfers, a remittance platform that collects and pays locally usually costs less and shows the recipient amount up front.","Ask your bank for the transfer reference so you can trace the payment; gpi tracking may be available at the institutional level."],"ja":["受取人が電信送金を要求する、通貨や機関に現地払出ルートがない、金額が大きい、または正式な銀行書類（銀行発行の送金証明）が必要な場合（証券口座への入金・エスクロー・納税・不動産など）は、SWIFT送金を選びましょう。日常の小口送金では、現地で集金・支払をする送金プラットフォームの方が安く、受取額を事前に示せることが多いです。","追跡できるよう、銀行に送金レファレンスを尋ねましょう。gpi追跡は機関レベルで利用できることがあります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People asked for a BIC/SWIFT code by a recipient","Anyone choosing between a bank wire and a platform"],"ja":["受取人からBIC/SWIFTコードを求められた方","銀行送金とプラットフォームで迷う方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Small routine remittances where a local-payout platform is cheaper"],"ja":["現地払出プラットフォームの方が安い、少額の定期送金"]},"warnings":{"en":["A SWIFT wire can lose value to intermediary deductions; confirm the fee instruction (OUR/SHA/BEN) and expect that “OUR” still may not guarantee full arrival."],"ja":["SWIFT送金は中継控除で目減りしえます。手数料区分（OUR/SHA/BEN）を確認し、「OUR」でも全額到着が保証されない場合があると想定しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["swift-about","swift-gpi","imny-smbc-remit","imny-jpbank-receive"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-international-transfers-work","intermediary-bank-fees","our-sha-ben-fees","banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},{"slug":"intermediary-bank-fees","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Correspondent and intermediary bank fees","ja":"コルレス銀行・中継銀行の手数料"},"summary":{"en":"Why intermediary banks deduct fees, how routing decides who is in the chain, why the deductions are hard to predict, and practical ways to reduce the uncertainty.","ja":"中継銀行が手数料を差し引く理由、経路が連鎖の当事者を決める仕組み、控除が読みにくい理由、そして不確実性を減らす実務的な方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Correspondent banks in the middle of a SWIFT wire can each deduct a handling fee before the money reaches the beneficiary, and because the sender’s bank does not control the route, the exact deductions are hard to predict.","ja":"SWIFT送金の途中にあるコルレス銀行は、受取人に届く前にそれぞれ取扱手数料を差し引きえます。送金銀行は経路を支配しないため、正確な控除額は読みにくいです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A payment may pass through one or more correspondent banks, each of which can charge a handling fee.","The sender’s bank does not fully control which correspondents are used, so the deduction is often an estimate.","Japan Post Bank discloses fixed correspondent deductions on qualifying USD ($10) and EUR (€5) receipts and warns more may apply.","You can reduce uncertainty with a sender-pays instruction, a local-payout platform, or confirming the recipient bank’s incoming fees."],"ja":["支払は一つ以上のコルレス銀行を通過することがあり、各行が取扱手数料を課しえます。","送金銀行はどのコルレス銀行を使うかを完全には支配しないため、控除は推定になりがちです。","ゆうちょ銀行は、対象の米ドル（10ドル）・ユーロ（5ユーロ）受取に定額の中継控除を明示し、さらに生じうると注意します。","送金人負担の指示、現地払出プラットフォーム、受取銀行の被仕向手数料の確認で、不確実性を減らせます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"why-deducted","heading":{"en":"Why the fee is deducted","ja":"手数料が差し引かれる理由"},"body":{"en":["When your bank and the beneficiary’s bank have no direct relationship, the payment is settled through correspondent banks that hold accounts for one another. Each correspondent performs work — screening, reconciliation, onward messaging — and can charge for it, deducting the fee from the transfer before passing it on.","Because the route depends on the currency, the banks involved, and their existing relationships, the sender’s bank often cannot tell you in advance exactly how many correspondents will touch the payment or what each will take. That is why a wire can arrive a little short even when everything is correct."],"ja":["自分の銀行と受取人の銀行に直接の関係がない場合、支払は互いに口座を持つコルレス銀行を通じて決済されます。各コルレス銀行はスクリーニング・照合・先方への転送などの作業を行い、その対価を送金から差し引いてから先へ渡します。","経路は通貨・関与する銀行・既存の関係に依存するため、送金銀行は事前に「何行を経由し、各行がいくら取るか」を正確には示せないことが多いです。だから、すべて正しくても送金がわずかに目減りして届くことがあります。"]}},{"id":"reduce-uncertainty","heading":{"en":"Reducing the uncertainty","ja":"不確実性を減らす"},"body":{"en":["Some banks disclose fixed correspondent deductions. Japan Post Bank, for example, states $10 on qualifying USD receipts and €5 on qualifying EUR receipts, while warning that additional intermediary charges may still be deducted.","Practical steps: choose a sender-pays fee instruction where the invoice must arrive in full (understanding it is not an absolute guarantee); use a local-payout remittance platform that avoids the retail SWIFT chain when the corridor allows; ask the recipient’s bank about its incoming-wire fee; and, for an important payment, send a small test first and confirm the exact amount credited before sending the balance."],"ja":["一部の銀行は定額の中継控除を開示します。たとえばゆうちょ銀行は、対象の米ドル受取に10ドル、ユーロ受取に5ユーロと示し、さらに追加の中継手数料が差し引かれうると注意します。","実務上の手立て：請求どおり満額到着が必要なら送金人負担の区分を選ぶ（絶対の保証ではないと理解する）、コリドーが許すなら小売SWIFT連鎖を避ける現地払出プラットフォームを使う、受取銀行に被仕向手数料を尋ねる、重要な支払では少額のテスト送金を先に行い、入金額を確認してから残額を送る。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone whose wire arrived short","People paying an invoice that must arrive in full"],"ja":["送金が目減りして届いた方","満額到着が必要な請求を支払う方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Local-payout transfers that never enter the correspondent chain"],"ja":["コルレス連鎖に入らない現地払出の送金"]},"warnings":{"en":["No fee instruction fully eliminates the risk of a downstream deduction on a SWIFT wire."],"ja":["どの手数料区分を選んでも、SWIFT送金の下流控除リスクを完全には消せません。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["imny-jpbank-receive","imny-smbc-remit","imny-mizuho-remit"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["swift-transfers-explained","our-sha-ben-fees","transfer-fees-explained"]},{"slug":"our-sha-ben-fees","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"OUR, SHA, and BEN transfer fee instructions","ja":"OUR・SHA・BENの手数料区分"},"summary":{"en":"What each fee instruction means, who pays, why choosing “OUR” does not always guarantee the full invoice arrives, and what this means for paying invoices and tuition.","ja":"各手数料区分の意味、誰が負担するか、「OUR」でも請求満額の到着が保証されない理由、そして請求書や学費の支払で何を意味するか。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"OUR means the sender pays all charges, SHA means charges are shared, and BEN means the beneficiary pays — but even “OUR” may not guarantee the exact invoiced amount arrives, because downstream banks can still deduct.","ja":"OURは送金人が全手数料を負担、SHAは手数料を折半、BENは受取人が負担を意味します。ただし「OUR」でも、下流の銀行が控除しうるため、請求どおりの額が必ず届くとは限りません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["OUR: sender pays all charges; SHA: shared; BEN: beneficiary pays, usually via deductions from the amount.","SHA is the common default and typically results in downstream fees being taken from the transfer.","MUFG, SMBC, Mizuho, PRESTIA, Rakuten Bank, SBI Remit, and Japan Post Bank all warn some intermediary or beneficiary charge is possible.","For invoices and tuition that must arrive in full, choose a sender-pays instruction, but confirm the received amount rather than assuming."],"ja":["OUR：送金人が全手数料負担／SHA：折半／BEN：受取人負担（通常は金額からの控除）。","SHAが一般的な既定で、下流手数料が送金額から差し引かれるのが通常です。","三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほ・プレスティア・楽天銀行・SBIレミット・ゆうちょは、いずれも中継や受取の手数料が生じうると注意します。","満額到着が必要な請求・学費には送金人負担を選び、想定せず入金額を確認しましょう。"]},"sections":[{"id":"meaning","heading":{"en":"What each instruction means","ja":"各区分の意味"},"body":{"en":["These three codes tell the banks who should bear the transfer charges. OUR: the sender (ordering customer) pays all charges, including, in principle, downstream ones. SHA: the sender pays their own bank’s charges and the beneficiary bears the rest — the common default. BEN: the beneficiary bears all transfer charges, normally through deductions from the amount received.","Not every channel offers a choice. MUFG Direct, for example, supports recipient-paid fees only online, while a branch or Web Support Plus request can add a sender-paid correspondent option for an extra fee. PRESTIA lists a “pay in full” correspondent instruction for a fixed charge, and still notes intermediaries can charge."],"ja":["この3つのコードは、送金手数料を誰が負担するかを銀行に伝えます。OUR：送金人（送金依頼人）が原則として下流も含む全手数料を負担。SHA：送金人は自行の手数料を払い、残りは受取人負担——一般的な既定。BEN：受取人が全手数料を負担し、通常は受取額からの控除で行われます。","すべての経路で選べるわけではありません。たとえばMUFG Directはオンラインでは受取人負担のみ対応で、店舗やWeb Support Plusの依頼なら追加手数料で送金人負担のコルレスオプションを付けられます。プレスティアは定額で「全額負担」のコルレス指示を掲げますが、それでも中継が課金しうると注記します。"]}},{"id":"our-not-guarantee","heading":{"en":"Why OUR is not an absolute guarantee","ja":"OURが絶対保証でない理由"},"body":{"en":["Choosing OUR improves the odds that the full invoiced amount arrives, but it is not a cast-iron guarantee. Several Japanese banks expressly warn that unexpected downstream fees can still be deducted even when the sender elected to pay charges, because a correspondent outside the sending bank’s control may take a fee anyway.","For an invoice, tuition bill, or property payment that must be received in full, use the sender-pays instruction, then confirm the exact amount credited — ideally with a small test payment first — before assuming the balance will land intact."],"ja":["OURを選ぶと請求満額が届く可能性は高まりますが、鉄壁の保証ではありません。日本の複数の銀行は、送金人が手数料負担を選んでも、送金銀行の管理外のコルレス銀行が手数料を取りうるため、想定外の下流控除が生じうると明示的に注意しています。","満額受取が必要な請求・学費・不動産の支払では、送金人負担を選び、入金額を確認しましょう。可能なら少額のテスト送金を先に行い、残額が満額届くと決めつけないことです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People paying overseas invoices or tuition that must arrive in full","Anyone choosing a fee instruction at a bank"],"ja":["満額到着が必要な海外請求・学費を支払う方","銀行で手数料区分を選ぶ方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Local-payout platform transfers that do not use OUR/SHA/BEN"],"ja":["OUR/SHA/BENを使わない現地払出プラットフォームの送金"]},"warnings":{"en":["Even OUR may leave the transfer short — always verify the credited amount before relying on it."],"ja":["OURでも送金が目減りしうるため、頼りにする前に入金額を必ず確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["imny-mufg-remit","imny-smbc-remit","imny-mizuho-remit","remit-prestia-fees"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["intermediary-bank-fees","swift-transfers-explained","transfer-fees-explained","banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},{"slug":"transfer-times-and-delays","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"International transfer times and delays","ja":"海外送金の所要時間と遅延"},"summary":{"en":"Why an “estimated” arrival is not a guarantee — weekends, bank holidays, cut-off times, compliance reviews, intermediaries, and recipient-bank processing all move the real delivery date.","ja":"「目安」の到着が保証でない理由。週末・銀行休業日・締切時刻・コンプライアンス審査・中継・受取銀行の処理が、実際の着金日を動かします。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Quoted delivery times are estimates under normal conditions; weekends, holidays, cut-off times, compliance review, intermediary banks, and the recipient bank’s own processing can all extend them.","ja":"提示される所要時間は通常時の目安です。週末・祝日・締切時刻・コンプライアンス審査・中継銀行・受取銀行の処理が、いずれも所要時間を延ばしえます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["“Instant” or “minutes” means an estimate under normal funding, review, banking, and payout conditions — not a guarantee.","Requests can be accepted on weekends and holidays, but settlement and recipient-bank credit often wait for business days.","A “pending review” status usually means the provider needs identity, purpose, source, recipient, or sanctions information.","Bank branch execution can take a few business days; beneficiary registration during the ISO 20022 transition can add one to two weeks."],"ja":["「即時」「数分」は、通常の入金・審査・銀行・払出条件下の目安であり、保証ではありません。","週末・祝日でも依頼は受け付けられますが、決済や受取銀行への入金は営業日を待つことが多いです。","「審査中」はたいてい、本人確認・目的・資金源・受取人・制裁の情報が必要という意味です。","銀行の店頭処理は数営業日かかることがあり、ISO 20022移行期の受取人登録は1〜2週間加わることがあります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-adds-time","heading":{"en":"What actually adds time","ja":"実際に時間が増える要因"},"body":{"en":["A provider’s time estimate can include receiving your funding, completing compliance review, converting currency, releasing the payment, passing intermediary banks, and obtaining beneficiary-bank credit. Any of these can stretch: weekends and public holidays in either country, daily cut-off times, incorrect or mismatched recipient details, a recipient-bank review, or extra sanctions/AML checks on an unusual amount or destination.","For bank wires, branch execution may take about three business days, and during the industry’s ISO 20022 migration, registering a new beneficiary at some Japanese banks can take one to two weeks before the first transfer can go out."],"ja":["所要時間の目安には、入金の受領・コンプライアンス審査・両替・支払の解放・中継銀行の通過・受取銀行への入金が含まれえます。どれもが延びえます。どちらかの国の週末・祝日、日々の締切時刻、誤った/不一致の受取人情報、受取銀行の審査、通常と異なる金額や仕向地への追加の制裁・AML確認などです。","銀行送金では店頭処理に約3営業日かかることがあり、業界のISO 20022移行期には、一部の日本の銀行で新しい受取人登録に1〜2週間かかってから初回送金が出せることがあります。"]}},{"id":"what-to-do","heading":{"en":"What to do about it","ja":"対処の仕方"},"body":{"en":["Start large or time-critical transfers early — weeks ahead where beneficiary registration, source-of-funds review, bank holidays, or a property closing date are involved. Fund before the cut-off, double-check the recipient name and account against the bank record, and keep your contact details current so a review does not stall for want of a reply.","Ask for the transfer reference so you can trace it, and treat the app tracker or SWIFT/gpi status as the source of truth rather than the original estimate."],"ja":["大口や時間に厳しい送金は早めに始めましょう。受取人登録・資金源審査・銀行休業日・不動産の決済日が絡む場合は数週間前から。締切前に入金し、受取人名と口座を銀行記録と照合し、審査が返信待ちで止まらないよう連絡先を最新に保ちましょう。","追跡できるよう送金レファレンスを求め、当初の目安ではなくアプリの追跡やSWIFT/gpiの状況を正とみなしましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone with a deadline — tuition, rent abroad, a property closing","People whose transfer says “pending” or “in review”"],"ja":["期限がある方（学費・海外の家賃・不動産決済）","送金が「保留」「審査中」と表示された方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers expecting a guaranteed delivery time"],"ja":["保証された着金時刻を期待する方"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not schedule a payment to arrive on the exact deadline; build in buffer for weekends, holidays, and review."],"ja":["締切当日に着金するよう予定しないでください。週末・祝日・審査の余裕を見込みましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["swift-gpi","imny-mufg-remit","imny-smbc-remit"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["how-international-transfers-work","transfer-delayed-account-frozen","large-transfers-from-japan"]},{"slug":"transfer-limits-japan","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"International transfer limits in Japan","ja":"日本の海外送金限度額"},"summary":{"en":"How Type I and Type II funds-transfer providers, the ¥1 million threshold, bank caps, and customer-specific limits interact — and what to use when you need to send more.","ja":"Type I・Type IIの資金移動業者、100万円の基準、銀行の上限、顧客ごとの限度がどう関係するか、そしてより多く送りたいときに何を使うか。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Japan’s Type II funds-transfer model generally caps a transaction at ¥1 million; Type I services and banks support larger transfers with enhanced controls, and providers can also impose lower annual, monthly, or customer-specific limits.","ja":"日本のType II資金移動は原則1回100万円が上限です。Type Iのサービスや銀行は強化された管理のもとで大口に対応し、業者はより低い年間・月間・顧客ごとの限度を課すこともあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Type II funds transfers are generally limited to ¥1 million per transaction; Type I supports larger amounts with more controls.","Wise supports qualifying Japan-based Type I transfers up to ¥150 million; Kyodai’s published Type I maximum is ¥10 million subject to review.","Banks set their own caps — Japan Post Bank, for example, is under ¥1 million per transaction, ¥2 million per day, ¥5 million per month.","Splitting a large transfer into smaller ones to dodge a limit can itself look suspicious and be aggregated."],"ja":["Type IIの資金移動は原則1回100万円まで。Type Iはより多くの管理のもとで大口に対応します。","Wiseは日本発の対象となるType I送金を最大1億5,000万円まで、Kyodaiの公表Type I上限は審査前提で1,000万円です。","銀行は独自の上限を設けます。たとえばゆうちょ銀行は1回100万円未満・1日200万円・月500万円です。","限度回避のため大口を小分けにすると、それ自体が不審に見え、合算されうる点に注意。"]},"sections":[{"id":"type-i-ii","heading":{"en":"Type I and Type II, and the ¥1 million line","ja":"Type IとType II、そして100万円の線"},"body":{"en":["Nonbank remittance in Japan runs under a registered funds-transfer model. Type II transactions are generally limited to no more than ¥1 million each. Type I services support larger transfers but involve enhanced controls and review. Limits can be statutory, provider-wide, corridor-specific, customer-specific, rolling-period, or imposed after a risk review.","Concrete published examples: Wise supports qualifying Japan-based Type I transfers up to ¥150 million; Kyodai lists a Type I maximum of ¥10 million including fees, subject to purpose and review. DCOM lists up to ¥1 million per transaction, ¥2 million per month, and ¥3.5 million per year, and Smiles publishes rolling controls such as ¥5 million in the latest 365 days."],"ja":["日本のノンバンク送金は登録制の資金移動モデルで運営されます。Type IIの取引は原則1件100万円以下に制限されます。Type Iはより多くの管理・審査を伴い大口に対応します。限度は、法定・業者全体・コリドー別・顧客別・ローリング期間・リスク審査後の付与などがあります。","公表例：Wiseは日本発の対象Type I送金を最大1億5,000万円まで。Kyodaiは手数料込み1,000万円のType I上限を、目的・審査前提で掲げます。DCOMは1回100万円・月200万円・年350万円まで、Smilesは直近365日で500万円などのローリング管理を公表します。"]}},{"id":"banks-and-large","heading":{"en":"Bank caps and sending more","ja":"銀行の上限と、より多く送るには"},"body":{"en":["Banks set their own per-transaction, daily, and monthly caps. Japan Post Bank’s browser service, for example, is under ¥1 million per transaction, ¥2 million per day, and ¥5 million per month. To send substantially more, use a bank branch or a Type I provider, and prepare source-of-funds and purpose documentation in advance — large transactions routinely trigger enhanced review, and a bank may offer a negotiated (market-linked) exchange rate above a threshold.","Never break one large payment into several smaller ones to slip under a limit. Providers can aggregate related transactions, and structuring to evade controls is itself a red flag that can freeze the account."],"ja":["銀行は独自の1回・1日・1か月の上限を設けます。たとえばゆうちょ銀行のブラウザサービスは1回100万円未満・1日200万円・月500万円です。大幅に多く送るには、銀行の店頭かType I業者を使い、資金源と目的の書類を事前に準備しましょう。大口は通常、強化審査の対象で、基準額を超えると銀行が市場連動の交渉レートを提示することもあります。","限度をくぐるために大口を複数の小口に分けないでください。業者は関連取引を合算でき、管理回避の分割はそれ自体が危険信号で、口座凍結につながりえます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People sending more than ¥1 million","Anyone hitting a provider or bank cap"],"ja":["100万円超を送る方","業者や銀行の上限に達した方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Determining an exact customer-specific limit — only the provider’s review can set that"],"ja":["正確な顧客別限度の確定（業者の審査のみが決めます）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Structuring — splitting a transfer to evade a limit — can itself be treated as suspicious and trigger a freeze."],"ja":["ストラクチャリング（限度回避のための分割）は不審とみなされ、凍結の引き金になりえます。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["imny-wise-limits","imny-jpbank-remit","imny-kyodai","imny-dcom","fsa-funds-transfer"],"relatedProducts":["wise"],"relatedArticles":["large-transfers-from-japan","source-of-funds-and-purpose","transfer-delayed-account-frozen"]},{"slug":"source-of-funds-and-purpose","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Source of funds and purpose of a transfer","ja":"資金源と送金目的"},"summary":{"en":"What “source of funds” and “purpose of transfer” mean, which documents prove salary, savings, inheritance, sale proceeds, or business income, and why a vague purpose invites questions.","ja":"「資金源」と「送金目的」の意味、給与・貯蓄・相続・売却代金・事業所得を証明する書類、そして曖昧な目的が質問を招く理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Source of funds is where the money came from (salary, savings, a sale, inheritance, a loan, business revenue); the purpose is what it is for, and a clear, documented answer keeps a transfer moving.","ja":"資金源はお金の出所（給与・貯蓄・売却・相続・借入・事業収入）で、目的は使途です。明確で裏づけのある回答が送金を滞らせません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Source of funds is the immediate origin of the money; source of wealth is the broader story of how you accumulated assets.","Typical evidence: payslips and contracts for salary, historic statements for savings, sale or probate documents for one-off sums, invoices for business income.","The purpose declaration (tuition, family support, salary, investment, property, goods) should match the amount and pattern.","Vague labels such as “personal” invite follow-up questions when the amount or frequency is unusual."],"ja":["資金源はお金の直近の出所、資金の由来（source of wealth）は資産をどう築いたかというより広い経緯です。","典型的な証拠：給与は給与明細と契約、貯蓄は過去の取引明細、一時金は売買・検認書類、事業収入は請求書。","目的の申告（学費・家族支援・給与・投資・不動産・物品）は、金額とパターンに整合させます。","「個人的」などの曖昧な表現は、金額や頻度が通常と異なると追加質問を招きます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-they-ask","heading":{"en":"What providers ask and why","ja":"業者が尋ねる内容と理由"},"body":{"en":["Under anti-money-laundering rules, a provider may ask where the money came from and what it is for. Source of funds is the immediate origin — salary, savings, business revenue, an asset sale, inheritance, a loan, an investment liquidation, a pension, or a gift. Source of wealth is the broader explanation of how you built your overall assets. The purpose declaration identifies the economic reason: tuition, family support, living expenses, salary, investment, purchase of goods, property acquisition, or loan repayment.","These questions are not an accusation. They let the provider check that the amount, funding source, purpose, and pattern are plausible for you, which is exactly what keeps a legitimate transfer from stalling."],"ja":["マネー・ローンダリング対策の規則のもと、業者は資金の出所と使途を尋ねることがあります。資金源は直近の出所——給与・貯蓄・事業収入・資産売却・相続・借入・投資の解約・年金・贈与など。資金の由来は、全体の資産をどう築いたかというより広い説明です。目的の申告は経済的理由を示します：学費・家族支援・生活費・給与・投資・物品購入・不動産取得・借入返済など。","これらの質問は非難ではありません。金額・資金源・目的・パターンがあなたにとって妥当かを業者が確認するためのもので、正当な送金を滞らせないためにこそ役立ちます。"]}},{"id":"documents","heading":{"en":"Documents that prove it","ja":"それを証明する書類"},"body":{"en":["Salary: employment contract, payslips, tax withholding record, tax return, and matching bank credits. Savings: historic statements, salary records, investment redemptions, and a clear accumulation trail without unexplained gaps. One-off sums: a sale agreement, settlement statement, or probate/inheritance documents. Business income: invoices, contracts, service descriptions, and platform statements. Revolut’s published guidance, for instance, lists invoices and freelance contracts among acceptable evidence.","Keep these ready before a large or unusual transfer. Providing them promptly is the fastest way to clear a “pending review,” and having a consistent name across your account, residence card, and beneficiary record avoids a separate class of hold-ups."],"ja":["給与：雇用契約・給与明細・源泉徴収記録・確定申告書・整合する入金。貯蓄：過去の明細・給与記録・投資の解約、そして不自然な空白のない蓄積の経緯。一時金：売買契約・清算書・検認/相続書類。事業所得：請求書・契約・役務内容・プラットフォームの明細。たとえばRevolutの公表ガイダンスは、請求書やフリーランス契約を証拠の例に挙げています。","大口や通常と異なる送金の前に用意しておきましょう。速やかな提出が「審査中」を解除する最短路で、口座・在留カード・受取人記録で氏名を一致させておくと、別種の遅延も避けられます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone asked to prove where money came from","People about to send a large or one-off amount"],"ja":["資金の出所の証明を求められた方","大口や一時金を送る前の方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Advice on structuring around a review — that is not appropriate and can be a crime"],"ja":["審査を回避する組み立ての助言（不適切であり犯罪となりうます）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not let anyone route their money through your account; it can create money-mule, tax, and criminal exposure."],"ja":["他人のお金を自分の口座経由で送らせないでください。マネーミュール・税務・刑事のリスクを生みえます。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-remit-guidance","remit-revolut-legal","fsa-funds-transfer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["transfer-delayed-account-frozen","transfer-limits-japan","large-transfers-from-japan"]},{"slug":"currency-risk-when-to-convert","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Currency risk and when to convert money","ja":"為替リスクと両替のタイミング"},"summary":{"en":"How holding a foreign-currency balance exposes you to timing risk, why matching income and expenses reduces unnecessary conversion, and how to avoid turning a payment need into speculation.","ja":"外貨残高の保有がどうタイミングリスクを生むか、収入と支出の通貨を合わせると不要な両替が減る理由、そして支払ニーズを投機に変えないための考え方。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A foreign-currency balance can gain or lose yen value while you hold it, so match the currency of your future income and expenses where you can, and convert on a plan rather than trying to time the market.","ja":"外貨残高は保有中に円換算価値が上下します。できる範囲で将来の収入と支出の通貨を合わせ、相場を当てにいくのではなく計画に沿って両替しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Holding foreign currency is a market position: it can gain or lose yen value before you use it.","Matching the currency of income and expenses reduces round-trip conversion and its spreads.","Regular, rule-based conversion (or converting when the need arises) beats trying to predict the rate.","A payment need is not a reason to speculate; separate “I must pay X” from “I hope the rate moves.”"],"ja":["外貨の保有は市場ポジションです。使う前に円換算で増えることも減ることもあります。","収入と支出の通貨を合わせると、往復の両替とそのスプレッドが減ります。","定期的・ルールに基づく両替（または必要時の両替）は、レート予測より優れます。","支払ニーズは投機の理由になりません。「Xを払う必要」と「レートが動くことを期待」を分けましょう。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-risk","heading":{"en":"What currency risk actually is","ja":"為替リスクとは実際に何か"},"body":{"en":["When you hold a balance in USD, EUR, or another currency, its value in yen moves with the market. That is fine if you will spend it in that currency — a USD balance you will use for USD bills carries little practical risk. It becomes a risk when you are effectively betting: holding foreign currency you will ultimately need in yen, hoping the rate improves.","A foreign-currency bank deposit can reduce repeated conversions when your income and expenses are in the same currency, but you remain exposed to fluctuations and usually pay a spread entering and exiting the position."],"ja":["米ドル・ユーロなどで残高を持つと、その円換算価値は相場とともに動きます。その通貨で使う予定なら問題ありません——ドルの請求に使うドル残高は実務的なリスクがほとんどありません。リスクになるのは、実質的に賭けているとき——最終的に円で必要な外貨を、レートの改善を期待して持ち続ける場合です。","外貨預金は、収入と支出が同じ通貨なら繰り返しの両替を減らせますが、変動にはさらされ、ポジションの出入りで通常スプレッドを払います。"]}},{"id":"a-plan","heading":{"en":"Converting on a plan, not a hunch","ja":"勘ではなく計画で両替する"},"body":{"en":["For recurring needs — sending family support, paying tuition each term — a regular conversion schedule averages out the rate and removes the temptation to wait. For a one-off large need, convert when the requirement is real rather than holding a speculative position, and if timing genuinely matters, get same-time quotes and, for large amounts, ask the bank about a negotiated rate.","Avoid the trap of turning a payment into a trade. If you would not deliberately buy that currency as an investment, do not hold it “for a better rate” when you actually need to pay a bill."],"ja":["定期的なニーズ（家族支援の送金、学期ごとの学費）では、定期的な両替スケジュールがレートを平準化し、待つ誘惑を消します。一時的な大口では、投機的に持つのではなく必要が現実になったときに両替し、タイミングが本当に重要なら同時刻の見積を取り、大口なら銀行に交渉レートを尋ねましょう。","支払を取引に変える罠を避けましょう。その通貨を投資として意図的に買わないなら、実際に請求を払う必要があるときに「より良いレートのため」に持ち続けないことです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People holding a foreign-currency balance","Anyone deciding when to convert for a known need"],"ja":["外貨残高を持つ方","既知のニーズのために両替時期を決める方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Traders seeking a market forecast or hedging strategy"],"ja":["相場予測やヘッジ戦略を求めるトレーダー"]},"warnings":{"en":["This is educational, not investment advice; do not treat a required payment as a speculative opportunity."],"ja":["本内容は教育目的で投資助言ではありません。必要な支払を投機の機会として扱わないでください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["ecb-fx-rates","remit-sony-guide"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","weekend-fx-markups","best-multi-currency-accounts"]},{"slug":"weekend-fx-markups","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Weekend exchange-rate markups","ja":"週末の為替マージン"},"summary":{"en":"Why some providers add a charge when currency markets are closed, how Wise and Revolut treat weekends differently, and how to time a conversion to avoid the surcharge.","ja":"為替市場が閉じている間に一部の業者が上乗せする理由、Wiseと Revolutの週末の扱いの違い、そして上乗せを避けるための両替タイミング。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"When markets are closed, providers price the risk differently: Wise generally uses the last available Friday market rate with no separate weekend surcharge, while Revolut Japan’s Standard plan adds 1% outside its defined market hours.","ja":"市場が閉じているとき、業者はリスクの価格付けが異なります。Wiseは概ね直近金曜の市場レートを使い週末の別途上乗せをしませんが、Revolut日本のStandardは定義された市場時間外に1%を加えます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Foreign-exchange markets effectively close over the weekend, and providers handle the gap differently.","Wise states it normally uses the last available Friday market rate and does not describe a separate weekend surcharge.","Revolut Japan Standard adds 1% on fiat exchanges outside its market hours, on top of any high-frequency charge.","Card purchases abroad on a weekend can also carry the out-of-hours markup — timing a conversion for weekday market hours avoids it."],"ja":["為替市場は週末に実質的に閉じ、業者はその空白の扱いが異なります。","Wiseは通常、直近金曜の市場レートを使い、週末の別途上乗せを設けないとしています。","Revolut日本Standardは、市場時間外の法定通貨両替に、高頻度手数料に加えて1%を加えます。","週末の海外カード決済にも時間外マージンが乗りえます。平日の市場時間に両替をずらせば避けられます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"why-weekend","heading":{"en":"Why a weekend charge exists","ja":"週末の上乗せがある理由"},"body":{"en":["Wholesale currency markets are largely closed from Friday evening to Monday morning. A provider that guarantees you a rate over the weekend is taking on the risk that the market reopens at a different level, and different providers price that risk in different ways.","Wise states that weekend transfers normally use the last available Friday market rate and does not describe a separate weekend surcharge. Revolut Japan’s Standard schedule instead adds 1% to fiat exchanges outside its defined foreign-exchange market hours, on top of any high-frequency exchange charge that may already apply."],"ja":["卸売の為替市場は、金曜夕方から月曜朝までおおむね閉じています。週末にレートを保証する業者は、市場が異なる水準で再開するリスクを負っており、そのリスクの価格付けは業者ごとに異なります。","Wiseは、週末の送金は通常、直近金曜の市場レートを使い、別途の週末上乗せを設けないとしています。一方Revolut日本のStandardは、定義された為替市場時間外の法定通貨両替に、すでに適用されうる高頻度両替手数料に加えて1%を加えます。"]}},{"id":"timing","heading":{"en":"Timing to avoid it","ja":"回避のためのタイミング"},"body":{"en":["If your conversion is not urgent, execute it during weekday market hours to sidestep an out-of-hours markup. This applies to app conversions and, on some cards, to purchases made abroad over the weekend — the same out-of-hours rule can apply at the point of sale.","Check your specific provider and plan: allowances, market-hour definitions, and high-frequency thresholds vary, and a plan that is free within an allowance can start charging once you exceed it."],"ja":["両替が急ぎでなければ、平日の市場時間に実行して時間外マージンを避けましょう。これはアプリの両替に当てはまり、一部のカードでは週末に海外で行う決済にも——同じ時間外ルールが決済時点で適用されえます。","自分の業者とプランを確認しましょう。無料枠・市場時間の定義・高頻度のしきい値は異なり、枠内は無料のプランでも超過すると課金が始まりえます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Revolut and Wise users converting on weekends","Travellers spending abroad over a weekend"],"ja":["週末に両替するRevolut・Wiseの利用者","週末に海外で使う旅行者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers needing an urgent conversion who cannot wait for weekday hours"],"ja":["平日を待てず急ぎで両替が必要な方"]},"warnings":{"en":["Allowances and market-hour rules change; confirm your plan’s current terms before relying on a “free” conversion."],"ja":["無料枠や市場時間のルールは変わります。「無料」の両替を当てにする前に、プランの最新条件を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["remit-wise-pricing","remit-revolut-fees"],"relatedProducts":["wise","revolut"],"relatedArticles":["exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","revolut-japan-review","wise-japan-review"]},{"slug":"compare-transfer-quotes","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How to compare international transfer quotes","ja":"海外送金の見積を比較する方法"},"summary":{"en":"A repeatable, same-time methodology for comparing providers on the recipient amount for an identical total sender debit — the only fair way to find the cheapest route for your transfer.","ja":"同一の引落総額に対する受取額で業者を比較する、繰り返し使える「同時刻」の手法。あなたの送金で最安ルートを見つける唯一公平な方法です。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Get quotes from every provider at the same moment for the same total sender debit, currency, destination, funding, and payout method, then compare the recipient amount — the effective rate — not the advertised fee.","ja":"同じ引落総額・通貨・仕向地・資金調達・受取方法で、すべての業者から同時刻に見積を取り、宣伝手数料ではなく受取額（実効レート）で比較します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The correct comparison unit is recipient money per total sender debit — the effective rate.","Standardize the quote time, sender debit, currencies, destination, funding, fee instruction, delivery method, and speed tier.","Effective rate = recipient amount ÷ total sender debit; total effective cost is the gap from the mid-market benchmark.","Exclude first-transfer promotions from the standard comparison, or show them separately."],"ja":["正しい比較単位は「引落総額あたりの受取額」——実効レートです。","見積時刻・引落総額・通貨・仕向地・資金調達・手数料区分・受取方法・速度区分をそろえます。","実効レート＝受取額 ÷ 引落総額。総実効コストは仲値ベンチマークとの差です。","初回プロモーションは標準比較から除外するか、別に表示します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"standardize","heading":{"en":"Standardize before you compare","ja":"比較の前に条件をそろえる"},"body":{"en":["Providers do not publish one universal all-in rate, so a fair comparison needs identical inputs. Hold these constant across every quote: the quote time (the same minute or a tight window), the total sender debit (the same amount including all sender-paid charges), the source and delivery currencies, the destination country and recipient bank or payout method, the funding method (bank transfer, debit, credit, or cash), the fee instruction (OUR/SHA/BEN where offered), the delivery method (bank account, wallet, or cash pickup), and the speed tier.","Exclude first-transfer promotions from the standard comparison, or record them on a separate line — they distort a like-for-like read of ongoing cost."],"ja":["業者は単一の全込みレートを公表しないため、公平な比較には同一の入力が必要です。各見積で次を一定に保ちます：見積時刻（同じ分、または狭い時間帯）、引落総額（送金人負担の全費用を含む同額）、送金元・受取の通貨、仕向国と受取銀行・受取方法、資金調達方法（銀行振込・デビット・クレジット・現金）、手数料区分（提供時はOUR/SHA/BEN）、受取方法（銀行口座・ウォレット・現金受取）、速度区分。","初回プロモーションは標準比較から除くか、別行に記録しましょう。継続コストの同条件比較を歪めます。"]}},{"id":"the-math","heading":{"en":"The four numbers that matter","ja":"重要な4つの数字"},"body":{"en":["Effective rate = recipient amount ÷ total sender debit. Benchmark recipient amount = total sender debit × mid-market foreign currency per JPY. Total effective cost in JPY = (benchmark recipient − actual recipient) ÷ mid-market foreign currency per JPY. Total effective cost % = total effective cost in JPY ÷ total sender debit × 100.","A quick illustration using a benchmark of ¥160.235 per USD: on a ¥300,000 debit the benchmark recipient is about USD 1,872. If Provider A delivers USD 1,859 and Provider B delivers USD 1,823, A’s effective cost is roughly ¥1,100 (0.37%) and B’s roughly ¥7,800 (2.6%) — even if B advertised a lower fee. These figures are calculator demonstrations, not live quotes."],"ja":["実効レート＝受取額 ÷ 引落総額。ベンチマーク受取額＝引落総額 × 1円あたりの仲値外貨。総実効コスト（円）＝（ベンチマーク受取−実際の受取）÷ 1円あたりの仲値外貨。総実効コスト率＝総実効コスト（円）÷ 引落総額 × 100。","1ドル160.235円のベンチマークでの簡単な例：30万円の引落でベンチマーク受取は約1,872ドル。業者Aが1,859ドル、業者Bが1,823ドル届けるなら、Aの実効コストは約1,100円（0.37%）、Bは約7,800円（2.6%）——Bが低い手数料を宣伝していてもです。これらは計算のデモで、ライブ見積ではありません。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone choosing between providers for a specific transfer","People who want a repeatable worksheet, not a fixed ranking"],"ja":["特定の送金で業者を選ぶ方","固定の順位でなく繰り返し使えるワークシートが欲しい方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers wanting a single “cheapest provider today” without collecting quotes"],"ja":["見積を集めずに単一の「今日の最安業者」を求める方"]},"warnings":{"en":["No provider is universally cheapest; the winner changes with amount, corridor, funding, payout method, and the moment you quote."],"ja":["普遍的な最安業者はありません。勝者は金額・コリドー・資金調達・受取方法・見積の瞬間で変わります。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["ecb-fx-rates","remit-wise-pricing","imny-smbc-remit"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["transfer-fees-explained","exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","how-international-transfers-work"]},{"slug":"dynamic-currency-conversion","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Dynamic currency conversion (DCC) explained","ja":"ダイナミック・カレンシー・コンバージョン（DCC）"},"summary":{"en":"What DCC is at merchants and ATMs, why paying in your home currency abroad usually costs more, and the simple rule — choose local currency — that saves money almost every time.","ja":"店舗やATMのDCCとは何か、海外で自国通貨払いがたいてい割高になる理由、そしてほぼ毎回お金を節約する単純なルール「現地通貨を選ぶ」。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"DCC is when a foreign merchant or ATM offers to convert the transaction into yen using their rate instead of your card issuer’s — and it usually costs more, so choose the local currency and decline conversion.","ja":"DCCは、海外の店舗やATMが、あなたのカード発行会社ではなく先方のレートで取引を円に変換すると申し出るものです。たいてい割高なので、現地通貨を選び変換を断りましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["DCC converts your purchase into your home currency at the merchant’s or ATM operator’s rate, not the card network’s.","Visa Japan and Mastercard describe DCC as an optional choice; declining applies the card company’s normal local-currency process.","DCC markups are merchant-specific and can be steep — an illustrative 6% is used only as a warning example.","The default cost-control rule: always choose the local currency at the point of sale and at the ATM."],"ja":["DCCは、購入をカードネットワークではなく店舗やATM運営者のレートで自国通貨に変換します。","Visa日本とMastercardはDCCを任意の選択と説明します。断れば、カード会社の通常の現地通貨処理が適用されます。","DCCの上乗せは店舗ごとで、時に高額です。例示の6%は警告用の例にすぎません。","基本のコスト管理ルール：決済時もATMでも、常に現地通貨を選びましょう。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-dcc","heading":{"en":"What DCC is","ja":"DCCとは何か"},"body":{"en":["Dynamic currency conversion occurs when a foreign merchant terminal or ATM offers to bill you in yen instead of the local currency. The conversion is then performed using the merchant’s or ATM operator’s rate rather than your card issuer’s normal process — and that rate typically includes a markup that benefits the merchant, not you.","Visa’s Japan guidance instructs ATM users that declining conversion applies the card company’s rate in local currency, while accepting can produce a higher yen amount. Mastercard likewise describes DCC as an optional choice between local currency and the cardholder’s billing currency."],"ja":["DCCは、海外の店舗端末やATMが、現地通貨ではなく円で請求すると申し出る場合に起こります。変換は、あなたのカード発行会社の通常処理ではなく、店舗やATM運営者のレートで行われ、そのレートには通常、店舗に有利であなたに不利な上乗せが含まれます。","Visaの日本向けガイダンスは、変換を断ればカード会社のレートで現地通貨で処理され、受け入れると円の金額が高くなりうるとATM利用者に案内します。Mastercardも同様に、DCCを現地通貨とカード会員の請求通貨との任意の選択と説明します。"]}},{"id":"the-rule","heading":{"en":"The rule and the catch","ja":"ルールと落とし穴"},"body":{"en":["Always choose the local currency and decline conversion. That lets your card network and issuer convert the transaction, which is usually cheaper — even after the issuer’s own foreign-transaction fee. Declining DCC does not remove that issuer fee, but it removes the extra merchant/ATM markup on top of it.","The catch is that DCC is often pre-selected or worded to sound helpful (“pay in your own currency”). Look for the screen showing both a yen amount and a local-currency amount, and pick the local one. On an overseas card page, our overseas-cards guide shows how issuer fees compare so you know what “local currency” actually costs."],"ja":["常に現地通貨を選び、変換を断りましょう。そうすればカードネットワークと発行会社が両替し、発行会社の海外取引手数料を含めても通常は安くなります。DCCを断ってもその発行会社手数料は消えませんが、その上に乗る店舗/ATMの追加上乗せは消えます。","落とし穴は、DCCがしばしば初期選択されていたり、親切に聞こえる表現（「自国通貨で支払う」）になっていることです。円の金額と現地通貨の金額の両方を示す画面を探し、現地通貨を選びましょう。海外カードのガイドでは、発行会社手数料の比較を示し、「現地通貨」が実際にいくらかかるかを確認できます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Travellers using cards or ATMs abroad","Anyone shown a “pay in yen?” prompt overseas"],"ja":["海外でカードやATMを使う旅行者","海外で「円で支払いますか？」と表示された方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Domestic transactions where no cross-currency conversion occurs"],"ja":["通貨変換が生じない国内取引"]},"warnings":{"en":["DCC can be pre-selected; read the terminal or ATM screen and actively choose the local currency."],"ja":["DCCは初期選択されていることがあります。端末やATMの画面を読み、能動的に現地通貨を選びましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["visa-dcc","mastercard-dcc","card-sony-wallet","card-epos-overseas"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["best-overseas-cards","mid-market-vs-bank-rate","exchange-rates-and-fx-markups"]},{"slug":"wise-japan-review","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Wise Japan: review and guide","ja":"Wise（ワイズ）日本：レビューと使い方"},"summary":{"en":"Wise’s Japan licensing, sending and holding limits, receiving details, card, and personal-versus-business use — with the verification and large-transfer facts you need before relying on it.","ja":"Wiseの日本でのライセンス、送金・保有限度、受取用の口座情報、カード、個人/ビジネスの使い分け。頼る前に必要な本人確認と大口送金の要点も。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Wise is a Japan-registered Type I and Type II funds-transfer provider that shows the mid-market rate with a transparent fee, holds 40+ currencies, and supports qualifying large transfers up to ¥150 million — subject to verification and a ¥1 million default holding limit for Japan addresses.","ja":"Wiseは日本登録のType I・Type II資金移動業者で、仲値と明示的な手数料を示し、40以上の通貨を保有でき、対象の大口送金を最大1億5,000万円まで支援します。本人確認と、日本住所の既定保有限度100万円が前提です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Regulated as Wise Payments Japan K.K., a Japan Type I and Type II funds-transfer provider (registration 00040).","Balance-funded sending up to ¥1m; qualifying Type I large transfers up to ¥150m, subject to review.","Default total holding limit for Japan addresses is ¥1m; a temporary custom limit up to ¥20m can be set for up to six months.","Transparent fee varies by corridor and funding; bank funding is normally cheaper than card funding."],"ja":["Wise Payments Japan株式会社として、日本のType I・Type II資金移動業者（登録00040）に登録。","残高からの送金は最大100万円、対象のType I大口送金は審査前提で最大1億5,000万円。","日本住所の既定の合計保有限度は100万円。最長6か月、最大2,000万円の一時的な上限設定が可能。","透明な手数料はコリドーと資金調達で変わり、銀行入金は通常カード入金より安いです。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-it-does","heading":{"en":"What Wise does and who can use it","ja":"Wiseができることと利用できる人"},"body":{"en":["Wise lets you send and receive eligible currencies, hold more than 40 currencies, convert at the mid-market rate, and spend with a debit card. Local receiving details (so someone can pay you as if domestically) depend on your customer and currency eligibility. It offers both personal and business accounts, and business or freelance income should go through the account type whose terms permit it.","Verification is required — identity and, when requested, source-of-funds or business documents. Wise is registered as Wise Payments Japan K.K., a Japan Type I and Type II funds-transfer provider (registration 00040); it is not a bank, so balances are protected by safeguarding arrangements rather than deposit insurance."],"ja":["Wiseでは、対象通貨の送受金、40以上の通貨の保有、仲値での両替、デビットカードでの支払いができます。現地の受取口座情報（相手が国内送金のように支払える）は、顧客区分と通貨の適格性に依存します。個人・ビジネスの両口座があり、事業・フリーランス収入は規約が許す口座区分を通すべきです。","本人確認は必須で、身元と、求められれば資金源や事業の書類が必要です。WiseはWise Payments Japan株式会社として、日本のType I・Type II資金移動業者（登録00040）に登録されています。銀行ではないため、残高は預金保険ではなく分別管理（セーフガーディング）で保護されます。"]}},{"id":"limits-cost","heading":{"en":"Limits, holding, and cost","ja":"限度・保有・コスト"},"body":{"en":["Balance-funded sending is generally up to ¥1 million, while qualifying Type I large transfers can go up to ¥150 million, subject to review. The default total holding limit for a Japan address is ¥1 million; you can request a temporary custom limit of up to ¥20 million for up to six months, which is useful when you need to receive and hold a larger amount briefly.","The fee is a transparent fixed/percentage charge that varies by corridor, amount, and funding method, applied to a mid-market rate. Bank-transfer funding is normally preferable to card funding, and same-currency internal transfers between Wise users may be free. Large transactions can trigger a source-of-funds review, so prepare documents in advance."],"ja":["残高からの送金は原則100万円まで、対象のType I大口送金は審査前提で最大1億5,000万円。日本住所の既定の合計保有限度は100万円で、最長6か月・最大2,000万円の一時的な上限を申請でき、短期間だけ大きな額を受け取り保有したいときに便利です。","手数料は、仲値に対して適用される透明な定額/定率で、コリドー・金額・資金調達方法で変わります。銀行振込での入金は通常カード入金より有利で、Wise利用者間の同一通貨の内部送金は無料のことがあります。大口取引は資金源審査を招きうるので、書類を事前に準備しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People wanting transparent FX and broad currency coverage","Freelancers using local receiving details (via Wise Business)"],"ja":["透明なFXと広い通貨対応を求める方","現地受取口座を使うフリーランス（Wiseビジネス経由）"]},"notFor":{"en":["A substitute for an unlimited Japanese savings account","Cash pickup for an unbanked recipient (use a cash-network specialist)"],"ja":["無制限の日本の貯蓄口座の代わり","銀行口座のない受取人への現金受取（現金網の専門業者を使う）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Wise balances are safeguarded, not deposit-insured; confirm the current registered-operator entry and your account’s limits before a large transfer."],"ja":["Wiseの残高は分別管理であり預金保険ではありません。大口送金の前に、登録業者の最新の登録内容と口座の限度を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["remit-wise-japan","remit-wise-pricing","imny-wise-limits","fsa-funds-transfer"],"relatedProducts":["wise","wise-business"],"relatedArticles":["revolut-japan-review","wise-vs-revolut","best-multi-currency-accounts","transfer-limits-japan"]},{"slug":"revolut-japan-review","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Revolut Japan: review and guide","ja":"Revolut（レボリュート）日本：レビューと使い方"},"summary":{"en":"Revolut Japan’s FX allowances, weekend and out-of-hours charges, transfers, card spending, and the plan details that decide whether it is cheap for you.","ja":"Revolut日本の為替枠、週末・時間外の手数料、送金、カード決済、そして「あなたにとって安いか」を左右するプランの詳細。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Revolut Japan is a registered Type II funds-transfer provider with a strong multi-currency app and card; Standard customers pay no listed exchange fee during market hours within allowances, but 1% applies outside market hours and high-frequency use can add 0.5%.","ja":"Revolut日本は登録Type II資金移動業者で、強力なマルチカレンシーアプリとカードを備えます。Standardは市場時間内・枠内なら表示為替手数料なしですが、市場時間外は1%、高頻度利用は0.5%が加わりえます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Japan service operates as a registered Type II funds-transfer provider (registration identified as 00060).","Standard regular customers have no listed exchange fee during market hours; high-frequency Standard use can incur 0.5%.","All fiat exchanges outside market hours incur an additional 1% — plan a conversion for weekday market hours.","Some SWIFT routes have no Revolut transfer fee but can incur intermediary fees; eligible “pay all fees” routes list ¥4,200."],"ja":["日本のサービスは登録Type II資金移動業者（登録は00060と識別）として運営。","Standardの通常顧客は市場時間内は表示為替手数料なし。高頻度のStandard利用は0.5%が生じえます。","市場時間外の法定通貨両替はすべて追加1%。両替は平日の市場時間に計画しましょう。","一部のSWIFT経路はRevolutの送金手数料なしですが中継手数料が生じえます。対象の「全手数料負担」経路は4,200円。"]},"sections":[{"id":"app-card","heading":{"en":"The app, card, and where it shines","ja":"アプリ・カードと得意分野"},"body":{"en":["Revolut offers multi-currency conversion, a wallet, card spending with strong controls, and domestic and international transfers; receiving and transfer features depend on the account and route. Its strengths are travel, subscriptions, and moderate multi-currency use, backed by an English app and help centre.","The Japan service operates as a registered Type II funds-transfer provider (registration identified as 00060 in official legal materials). It is not presented as an ordinary bank deposit, so check the Japan legal and safeguarding disclosures for how your balance is protected."],"ja":["Revolutは、マルチカレンシー両替、ウォレット、強力な管理機能つきのカード決済、国内・国際送金を提供します。受取・送金機能は口座と経路に依存します。強みは旅行・サブスク・中程度のマルチカレンシー利用で、英語のアプリとヘルプセンターが支えます。","日本のサービスは、登録Type II資金移動業者（公式の法的資料で登録00060と識別）として運営されます。通常の銀行預金としては提示されないため、残高の保護方法は日本の法的・分別管理の開示を確認しましょう。"]}},{"id":"fees","heading":{"en":"The fees that decide cost","ja":"コストを決める手数料"},"body":{"en":["For Standard regular customers there is no listed exchange fee during market hours, subject to monthly allowances. Exceeding the allowance with high-frequency Standard usage can incur 0.5%, and all fiat exchanges outside defined market hours incur an additional 1%. Some SWIFT routes carry no Revolut transfer fee but can still attract intermediary fees, while eligible “pay all fees” routes list ¥4,200.","Because allowances and plan tiers change what you actually pay, check the app’s displayed transfer and exchange allowances before a conversion, and time non-urgent exchanges for weekday market hours. Source-of-funds documentation may be requested on larger or unusual activity."],"ja":["Standardの通常顧客は、月間の枠内なら市場時間内は表示為替手数料なし。枠を超える高頻度のStandard利用は0.5%が生じえ、定義された市場時間外の法定通貨両替はすべて追加1%です。一部のSWIFT経路はRevolutの送金手数料なしですが中継手数料が生じえ、対象の「全手数料負担」経路は4,200円と掲げられます。","枠やプラン階層で実際の支払いが変わるため、両替前にアプリ表示の送金・両替枠を確認し、急がない両替は平日の市場時間に。大口や通常と異なる利用では資金源書類を求められることがあります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Travellers and subscription payers wanting card control","Moderate multi-currency users during market hours"],"ja":["カード管理を求める旅行者・サブスク利用者","市場時間内に使う中程度のマルチカレンシー利用者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Heavy weekend converters (the 1% out-of-hours fee adds up)","Business receipts unless the account terms permit it"],"ja":["週末に大量両替する方（時間外1%が積み上がる）","口座規約が許さない限りの事業受取"]},"warnings":{"en":["Allowances and market-hour rules change; confirm your plan’s current fees before assuming a conversion is free."],"ja":["無料枠や市場時間ルールは変わります。両替が無料と決めつける前に、プランの最新手数料を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["remit-revolut-fees","remit-revolut-legal","fsa-funds-transfer"],"relatedProducts":["revolut"],"relatedArticles":["wise-japan-review","wise-vs-revolut","weekend-fx-markups","best-overseas-cards"]},{"slug":"sbi-remit-review","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"SBI Remit: review and guide","ja":"SBIレミット：レビューと使い方"},"summary":{"en":"SBI Remit’s bank-deposit, cash-pickup, and MoneyGram reach, its per-transfer and annual limits, and why it is a common starting point for family remittances to Asia.","ja":"SBIレミットの銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網、1回あたり・年間の限度、そしてアジア向け家族送金でよく選ばれる理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"SBI Remit is a Japan-registered remittance provider offering bank deposit, cash pickup, and MoneyGram-network payout with fees from around ¥460 — strong for family remittances and Southeast Asian corridors, generally capped near ¥1 million per transfer and ¥5 million per year.","ja":"SBIレミットは日本登録の送金業者で、銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網での払出を手数料約460円から提供します。家族送金や東南アジアのコリドーに強く、原則1回約100万円・年500万円が上限です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Bank deposit, cash pickup, and partner-network payout including MoneyGram reach; advertises service to about 200 countries/territories.","Generally up to the lower of US$10,000 equivalent and ¥1m per transfer; generally ¥5m per calendar year.","Fees start from around ¥460, but the destination-specific fee and FX quote control the real cost.","Some corridors can arrive in minutes, but delivery depends on compliance, banking hours, and cash-agent availability."],"ja":["銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網を含む提携払出。約200の国・地域への提供をうたいます。","原則、1回あたり1万米ドル相当と100万円の低い方まで、暦年で原則500万円まで。","手数料は約460円から。ただし実コストは仕向地別の手数料とFX見積で決まります。","一部コリドーは数分で着金しますが、着金はコンプライアンス・銀行営業時間・現金代理店の在庫に依存します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"reach","heading":{"en":"Reach and payout methods","ja":"対応範囲と払出方法"},"body":{"en":["SBI Remit is a Japan-registered remittance provider with bank deposit, cash pickup, and partner-network payout, including MoneyGram reach. It advertises service to about 200 countries and territories, though the available products differ by destination. It is a common first stop for family remittances and Southeast Asian corridors such as the Philippines.","Customer and purpose screening apply, and SHA-style routes can expose the recipient to downstream deductions — check whether the quote is for a bank deposit or a cash pickup, since the payout amount and rules differ."],"ja":["SBIレミットは日本登録の送金業者で、銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網を含む提携払出を提供します。約200の国・地域への提供をうたいますが、利用できる商品は仕向地で異なります。フィリピンなど東南アジアのコリドーや家族送金でまず検討される業者です。","顧客・目的のスクリーニングがあり、SHA型の経路では受取人が下流控除にさらされうます。払出額とルールが異なるため、見積が銀行入金か現金受取かを確認しましょう。"]}},{"id":"limits-fees","heading":{"en":"Limits and fees","ja":"限度と手数料"},"body":{"en":["Sending is generally capped at the lower of a US$10,000 equivalent and ¥1 million per transfer, with a general calendar-year limit around ¥5 million. Incoming remittance generally shares the same per-transfer cap but has no stated monthly or annual cap, subject to checks. Deposit methods include bank transfer and participating ATM/remit-card channels; some ATM funding methods carry separate limits or charges.","Fees start from around ¥460, but the true cost is the destination-specific fee plus the exchange margin, so compare the recipient amount for the exact payout method rather than the headline fee."],"ja":["送金は原則、1回あたり1万米ドル相当と100万円の低い方まで、暦年でおおむね500万円が一般的な上限です。受取（被仕向）は同じ1回あたり上限を共有しますが、月間・年間の明示上限はなく、確認が前提です。入金方法は銀行振込や参加ATM/送金カード経由があり、一部のATM入金には別途の限度や手数料があります。","手数料は約460円からですが、実コストは仕向地別手数料＋為替マージンです。表示手数料でなく、実際の払出方法での受取額で比較しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People sending regular family support to Asia","Recipients who need cash pickup or a local bank deposit"],"ja":["アジアへ定期的に家族支援を送る方","現金受取や現地銀行入金が必要な受取人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Very large documented transfers (use a bank or Type I provider)","Business receipts and invoicing"],"ja":["書類を伴う非常に大きな送金（銀行かType I業者を使う）","事業の受取・請求"]},"warnings":{"en":["Confirm the recipient’s exact legal name and, for cash pickup, the local cap and agent hours before sending."],"ja":["送る前に受取人の正確な氏名を確認し、現金受取なら現地の上限と代理店の営業時間を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["imny-sbi-remit","fsa-funds-transfer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["wise-vs-sbi-remit","western-union-japan-review","banks-vs-remittance-providers","cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan"]},{"slug":"western-union-japan-review","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Western Union Japan: review and guide","ja":"ウエスタンユニオン日本：レビューと使い方"},"summary":{"en":"Western Union’s cash-pickup strength, online and agent transfer, MTCN tracking, exchange margins, and the fraud checks that matter most for emergency transfers.","ja":"ウエスタンユニオンの現金受取の強み、オンライン・代理店送金、MTCN追跡、為替マージン、そして緊急送金で最も重要な詐欺対策。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Western Union is best for emergency cash pickup and recipients without bank accounts, offering more than 200 countries with MTCN tracking — but its exchange-rate margin and fraud exposure make it a considered choice, not a default for routine transfers.","ja":"ウエスタンユニオンは緊急の現金受取や銀行口座のない受取人に最適で、MTCN追跡つきで200超の国に対応します。ただし為替マージンと詐欺リスクがあり、日常送金の既定ではなく熟慮のうえの選択です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Online, app-assisted, agent, bank-account, and cash-pickup options across more than 200 countries and territories.","Advertised fees start around ¥400 on selected routes, but Western Union states it earns money from currency exchange.","MTCN tracking is available; cash availability, agent hours, and recipient ID are decisive for pickup.","Best for emergencies and unbanked recipients — not usually the first choice for a large bank-to-bank transfer."],"ja":["オンライン・アプリ・代理店・銀行口座・現金受取の各手段で200超の国・地域に対応。","一部経路で手数料は約400円からですが、同社は為替から利益を得ると明示します。","MTCN追跡が可能。受取には現金在庫・代理店営業時間・受取人IDが決め手になります。","緊急時や銀行口座のない受取人に最適で、大口の銀行間送金では通常第一候補ではありません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"strength","heading":{"en":"Where Western Union is strong","ja":"ウエスタンユニオンが強い場面"},"body":{"en":["Western Union’s network reaches more than 200 countries and territories, with online, app-assisted, agent, bank-account, convenience-store funding, and cash-pickup options. Its real strength is emergency cash pickup and paying recipients who do not have a bank account. MTCN tracking lets you and the recipient follow the transfer.","Identity verification is mandatory, and limits are channel-, identity-, and destination-specific, with enhanced documentation for larger transfers."],"ja":["ウエスタンユニオンの網は200超の国・地域に及び、オンライン・アプリ・代理店・銀行口座・コンビニ入金・現金受取の手段があります。真の強みは緊急の現金受取と、銀行口座のない受取人への支払です。MTCN追跡で、送り手と受取人が送金を追えます。","本人確認は必須で、限度は手段・本人確認・仕向地ごとに異なり、大口には強化された書類が求められます。"]}},{"id":"cost-fraud","heading":{"en":"Cost and fraud awareness","ja":"コストと詐欺への注意"},"body":{"en":["Advertised fees start around ¥400 on selected routes, but the exchange-rate margin can be material — Western Union expressly states that it earns money from currency exchange. Include that margin when comparing, and treat promotional fees separately from standard pricing.","Cash pickup is a common fraud vector. Verify any alleged emergency through a separate channel, send the minimum necessary, never disclose the pickup number publicly, ask for the recipient’s exact legal name and ID, and treat requests to send to an unrelated “agent” as likely fraud."],"ja":["一部経路で手数料は約400円からですが、為替マージンは大きくなりえます——同社は為替から利益を得ると明示します。比較時にはそのマージンを含め、プロモーション手数料は通常価格と分けて扱いましょう。","現金受取は詐欺の典型的な経路です。緊急を主張されたら別経路で確認し、必要最小限を送り、受取番号を公開せず、受取人の正確な氏名とIDを確認し、無関係の「代理人」への送金依頼は詐欺とみなしましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Emergency cash pickup","Recipients without a bank account"],"ja":["緊急の現金受取","銀行口座のない受取人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Large documented bank-to-bank transfers","Cost-minimising routine remittances (compare the FX margin)"],"ja":["書類を伴う大口の銀行間送金","コスト重視の日常送金（FXマージンを比較）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never send a cash-pickup transfer to someone you have not independently verified; recovered funds after fraud are rare."],"ja":["独自に確認していない相手に現金受取送金をしないでください。詐欺後の資金回収はまれです。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["remit-wu-price","remit-wu-terms"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["western-union-vs-apps","sbi-remit-review","transfer-scams-and-fraud","emergency-transfers-from-japan"]},{"slug":"mufg-international-transfers","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"MUFG Bank international transfers","ja":"三菱UFJ銀行の海外送金"},"summary":{"en":"MUFG’s online versus branch remittance channels, its published fees and correspondent options, ISO 20022 changes, and its English Web Support Plus service.","ja":"三菱UFJ銀行のオンラインと店頭の送金チャネル、公表手数料とコルレスの選択肢、ISO 20022の変更、そして英語のWeb Support Plus。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"MUFG offers online remittance via MUFG Direct to registered beneficiaries and branch/Web Support Plus service; online fees run ¥2,500–¥3,000, branch service is ¥7,000, and MUFG Direct supports recipient-paid fees only.","ja":"MUFGはMUFG Directで登録受取人へのオンライン送金と、店頭/Web Support Plusを提供します。オンライン手数料は2,500〜3,000円、店頭は7,000円で、MUFG Directは受取人負担のみ対応です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["MUFG Direct online supports personal transfers to registered beneficiaries; branch or Foreign Remittance Web Support Plus is also available.","Online: ¥2,500 to specified MUFG overseas branches/entities, ¥3,000 to other banks; branch/Web Support Plus ¥7,000 (handwritten +¥500).","Yen or same-currency foreign-deposit funding can incur 0.05% (minimum ¥2,500); a sender-paid correspondent option at a branch adds ¥3,000.","MUFG Direct supports recipient-paid fees only; branch execution may take about three business days."],"ja":["MUFG Directのオンラインは登録受取人への個人送金に対応。店頭または外国送金Web Support Plusも利用可。","オンライン：指定のMUFG海外拠点へ2,500円、他行へ3,000円。店頭/Web Support Plusは7,000円（手書き＋500円）。","円または同一通貨の外貨預金からの資金調達は0.05%（最低2,500円）。店頭の送金人負担コルレスは＋3,000円。","MUFG Directは受取人負担のみ対応。店頭処理は約3営業日かかることがあります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"channels-fees","heading":{"en":"Channels and fees","ja":"チャネルと手数料"},"body":{"en":["MUFG offers online remittance through MUFG Direct to registered beneficiaries, plus branch service and an English-capable Foreign Remittance Web Support Plus. Online fees are ¥2,500 to specified MUFG overseas branches or entities and ¥3,000 to other banks. Branch or Web Support Plus service is ¥7,000, and a handwritten request adds ¥500.","Funding from a yen or same-currency foreign-currency deposit can incur a 0.05% handling charge with a ¥2,500 minimum. A sender-paid correspondent option is available at a branch for an extra ¥3,000, but MUFG Direct supports recipient-paid fees only — so if you need to pay downstream charges yourself, you may need the branch route."],"ja":["MUFGは、MUFG Directで登録受取人へのオンライン送金に加え、店頭サービスと英語対応の外国送金Web Support Plusを提供します。オンライン手数料は、指定のMUFG海外拠点・関係会社へ2,500円、他行へ3,000円。店頭またはWeb Support Plusは7,000円で、手書き依頼は＋500円です。","円または同一通貨の外貨預金からの資金調達は、最低2,500円の0.05%取扱手数料が生じえます。送金人負担のコルレスオプションは店頭で＋3,000円ですが、MUFG Directは受取人負担のみ対応です。下流手数料を自分で負担したい場合は店頭ルートが必要になりえます。"]}},{"id":"access-notes","heading":{"en":"Access, English, and change notes","ja":"アクセス・英語・変更点"},"body":{"en":["English Web Support Plus is available, but compliance follow-up and source documents may still be required. Incoming fees depend on the currency and conversion route; check the current schedule at receipt time, especially because MUFG announced 2026 revisions. MUFG is also migrating international messages to ISO 20022 formats, which can affect beneficiary data requirements.","Branch execution may take about three business days, so start time-critical transfers early and register the beneficiary in advance."],"ja":["英語のWeb Support Plusは利用できますが、コンプライアンスの追加確認や資金源書類が求められることがあります。被仕向手数料は通貨と両替経路で異なり、受取時に最新の料金表を確認しましょう。特にMUFGは2026年の改定を告知しています。MUFGは国際メッセージをISO 20022形式へ移行中で、受取人データの要件に影響しえます。","店頭処理は約3営業日かかることがあるため、時間に厳しい送金は早めに始め、受取人を事前に登録しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Existing MUFG customers sending to registered beneficiaries","People needing a major-bank wire with English support"],"ja":["登録受取人へ送るMUFGの既存顧客","英語対応のメガバンク送金が必要な方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Small transfers where fixed fees dominate","Sender-paid downstream fees online (use a branch)"],"ja":["定額手数料が支配的な小口送金","オンラインでの送金人負担の下流手数料（店頭を使う）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Incoming and outgoing schedules are being revised in 2026 — reverify the current fee page before you rely on a figure."],"ja":["被仕向・仕向の料金は2026年に改定中です。数値を当てにする前に最新の料金ページを再確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["imny-mufg-remit","mufg-transfer-fees"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["smbc-international-transfers","mizuho-international-transfers","mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},{"slug":"smbc-international-transfers","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"SMBC international transfers","ja":"三井住友銀行の海外送金"},"summary":{"en":"SMBC’s online remittance with advance enrolment, its seven sending currencies, published USD/EUR FX margins, My Number requirement, and beneficiary-registration timing.","ja":"三井住友銀行の事前登録が必要なオンライン送金、7つの送金通貨、公表の米ドル/ユーロFXマージン、マイナンバー要件、受取人登録の所要時間。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"SMBC offers online remittance (after enrolment and beneficiary registration) and branch service; online fees are ¥3,000–¥3,500, with published FX margins around ¥1/USD and ¥1.40/EUR and a recall/amendment fee of ¥4,000.","ja":"SMBCは（登録と受取人登録のうえで）オンライン送金と店頭を提供します。オンライン手数料は3,000〜3,500円、公表FXマージンは約1ドル1円・1ユーロ1.40円、組戻/内容変更は4,000円です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["SMBC Direct online requires advance enrolment and beneficiary registration; branch service is also available.","Online: ¥3,000 to SMBC overseas entities, ¥3,500 to other overseas banks; sender-paid related-bank fee ¥2,500; lifting/JPY handling 0.05% (min ¥2,500).","Published FX margins include about ¥1/USD and ¥1.40/EUR; recall or amendment is ¥4,000.","Seven sending currencies (six foreign plus JPY); My Number and identity uploads are required."],"ja":["SMBC Directのオンラインは事前登録と受取人登録が必要。店頭も利用可。","オンライン：SMBC海外拠点へ3,000円、他の海外銀行へ3,500円。送金人負担の関係銀行手数料2,500円、リフティング/円取扱0.05%（最低2,500円）。","公表FXマージンは約1ドル1円・1ユーロ1.40円。組戻・内容変更は4,000円。","送金は7通貨（外貨6＋円）。マイナンバーと本人確認書類のアップロードが必要。"]},"sections":[{"id":"setup-fees","heading":{"en":"Setup, currencies, and fees","ja":"準備・通貨・手数料"},"body":{"en":["SMBC provides online remittance via SMBC Direct after advance enrolment and beneficiary registration, plus branch service. It supports seven sending currencies — six foreign currencies plus yen. Online fees are ¥3,000 to SMBC overseas entities and ¥3,500 to other overseas banks; a sender-paid related-bank fee is ¥2,500, and lifting or JPY handling is 0.05% with a ¥2,500 minimum.","Published FX margins include about ¥1 per USD and ¥1.40 per EUR, which are the real cost on a conversion. A recall or amendment costs ¥4,000. Incoming foreign-currency-to-yen receipts generally carry ¥1,500, and same-currency or yen receipt can also attract 0.05% (minimum ¥2,500) depending on the route."],"ja":["SMBCは、事前登録と受取人登録のうえでSMBC Direct経由のオンライン送金と、店頭サービスを提供します。送金通貨は7つ——外貨6＋円です。オンライン手数料は、SMBC海外拠点へ3,000円、他の海外銀行へ3,500円。送金人負担の関係銀行手数料は2,500円、リフティングまたは円取扱は最低2,500円の0.05%です。","公表FXマージンは約1ドル1円・1ユーロ1.40円で、これが両替の実コストです。組戻・内容変更は4,000円。外貨から円への被仕向受取は原則1,500円で、同一通貨や円の受取も経路により0.05%（最低2,500円）が生じえます。"]}},{"id":"verification","heading":{"en":"My Number, registration, and timing","ja":"マイナンバー・登録・所要時間"},"body":{"en":["My Number and identity-document uploads are required. Beneficiary registration can take one to two weeks during the ISO 20022 transition, and pre-2024 beneficiary records may need re-registration from August 2026 — so plan ahead and re-check a saved recipient before a time-critical transfer.","Because setup and registration are front-loaded, SMBC suits residents who will send repeatedly to the same beneficiaries rather than a one-off urgent payment."],"ja":["マイナンバーと本人確認書類のアップロードが必要です。受取人登録はISO 20022移行期に1〜2週間かかることがあり、2024年より前の受取人記録は2026年8月から再登録が必要になりえます。前もって計画し、時間に厳しい送金の前には保存済み受取人を再確認しましょう。","準備と登録が先行するため、SMBCは一度きりの緊急支払よりも、同じ受取人に繰り返し送る居住者に向いています。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["SMBC customers sending regularly to registered beneficiaries","People wanting a major-bank wire in one of seven currencies"],"ja":["登録受取人へ定期的に送るSMBC顧客","7通貨のいずれかでメガバンク送金をしたい方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Urgent one-off transfers before registration completes","Small transfers where fixed fees dominate"],"ja":["登録完了前の緊急一回送金","定額手数料が支配的な小口送金"]},"warnings":{"en":["Pre-2024 beneficiary records may require re-registration from August 2026 — verify before sending."],"ja":["2024年より前の受取人記録は2026年8月から再登録が必要になりえます。送る前に確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["imny-smbc-remit","smbc-transfer-fees","smbc-identity"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mufg-international-transfers","mizuho-international-transfers","mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","our-sha-ben-fees"]},{"slug":"mizuho-international-transfers","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mizuho Bank international transfers","ja":"みずほ銀行の海外送金"},"summary":{"en":"Mizuho’s app and branch remittance fees, beneficiary review, My Number requirement, incoming costs, and recall charges — and who the service fits.","ja":"みずほ銀行のアプリ・店頭送金手数料、受取人審査、マイナンバー要件、被仕向コスト、組戻手数料、そして誰に向くか。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Mizuho offers app-based remittance for eligible personal customers at ¥5,000 and branch service at ¥8,000–¥8,500; My Number is required, incoming transfers generally cost ¥2,500, and a recall is ¥5,500.","ja":"みずほは対象の個人顧客向けにアプリ送金を5,000円、店頭を8,000〜8,500円で提供します。マイナンバーが必要で、被仕向は原則2,500円、組戻は5,500円です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Mizuho Direct app transfer is ¥5,000 for eligible personal customers; branch service is ¥8,000–¥8,500.","Sender-paid correspondent charge ¥2,500; amendment ¥4,500; recall ¥5,500.","Personal incoming charge is generally ¥2,500; conversion uses the bank’s applicable rate.","My Number must be registered; app enrolment and beneficiary review take several business days."],"ja":["みずほダイレクトのアプリ送金は対象の個人顧客で5,000円。店頭は8,000〜8,500円。","送金人負担のコルレス手数料2,500円、内容変更4,500円、組戻5,500円。","個人の被仕向手数料は原則2,500円。両替は銀行の適用レート。","マイナンバー登録が必要。アプリ登録と受取人審査に数営業日かかります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"fees","heading":{"en":"Fees and channels","ja":"手数料とチャネル"},"body":{"en":["Eligible personal customers can send through the Mizuho Direct app for ¥5,000. Branch service is ¥8,000 to Mizuho destinations and ¥8,500 to other banks. A sender-paid correspondent charge is ¥2,500, an amendment is ¥4,500, and a recall is ¥5,500. Personal incoming transfers generally cost ¥2,500, with conversion at the bank’s applicable rate.","Business-purpose and ineligible-account restrictions apply, so confirm your account type is permitted before relying on the app channel."],"ja":["対象の個人顧客は、みずほダイレクトのアプリで5,000円で送金できます。店頭はみずほ宛8,000円、他行宛8,500円。送金人負担のコルレス手数料は2,500円、内容変更4,500円、組戻5,500円。個人の被仕向は原則2,500円で、両替は銀行の適用レートです。","事業目的や対象外口座の制限があるため、アプリチャネルを当てにする前に自分の口座区分が許可されているか確認しましょう。"]}},{"id":"setup","heading":{"en":"My Number and setup time","ja":"マイナンバーと準備時間"},"body":{"en":["My Number must be registered. App enrolment and beneficiary review take several business days, and the status is shown in the app. Because setup takes time and the fixed fee is high relative to small transfers, Mizuho fits existing customers making larger or recurring wires rather than small one-off payments."],"ja":["マイナンバーの登録が必要です。アプリ登録と受取人審査に数営業日かかり、状況はアプリに表示されます。準備に時間がかかり、小口に対して定額手数料が高いため、みずほは小口の一回払いよりも、大口や定期の送金を行う既存顧客に向いています。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Existing Mizuho customers making larger or recurring wires","People who want app-based major-bank remittance"],"ja":["大口・定期送金を行うみずほ既存顧客","アプリでメガバンク送金をしたい方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Small transfers (the fixed fee is high)","Business-purpose funds on an ineligible account"],"ja":["小口送金（定額手数料が高い）","対象外口座での事業目的資金"]},"warnings":{"en":["Business-purpose and ineligible-account restrictions apply; confirm eligibility before enrolling."],"ja":["事業目的・対象外口座の制限があります。登録前に対象か確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["imny-mizuho-remit","mizuho-transfer-fees","mizuho-identity"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mufg-international-transfers","smbc-international-transfers","mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","incoming-bank-fees"]},{"slug":"japan-post-bank-international-transfers","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Japan Post Bank international transfers","ja":"ゆうちょ銀行の海外送金"},"summary":{"en":"Japan Post Bank’s Japanese-only outgoing web service, its per-transaction and monthly limits, My Number requirement, and the USD/EUR-only incoming instructions with disclosed correspondent deductions.","ja":"ゆうちょ銀行の日本語のみの送金Webサービス、1回・月間の限度、マイナンバー要件、そして米ドル/ユーロのみの受取指示と開示された中継控除。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Japan Post Bank offers browser-based outgoing remittance at ¥3,000 per transaction (under ¥1m each, ¥2m/day, ¥5m/month), but the outgoing interface is Japanese-only; incoming English instructions support only USD and EUR with disclosed correspondent deductions.","ja":"ゆうちょ銀行はブラウザ送金を1回3,000円（1回100万円未満・1日200万円・月500万円）で提供しますが、送金画面は日本語のみです。英語の受取指示は米ドル・ユーロのみ対応で、中継控除が開示されています。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Browser-based Yucho International Remittance for individual customers; ¥3,000 per outgoing transaction.","Limits: under ¥1m per transaction, ¥2m per day, ¥5m per month; My Number required.","The outgoing website is Japanese-only and some fields must be entered in Japanese.","Incoming instructions support USD and EUR only (BIC JPPSJPJ2); disclosed correspondent deductions of $10 (USD) and €5 (EUR)."],"ja":["個人向けのゆうちょ国際送金（ブラウザ）。仕向1回あたり3,000円。","限度：1回100万円未満・1日200万円・月500万円。マイナンバー必須。","送金サイトは日本語のみで、一部の項目は日本語入力が必要。","受取指示は米ドル・ユーロのみ対応（BIC JPPSJPJ2）。中継控除は10ドル（米ドル）・5ユーロ（ユーロ）を開示。"]},"sections":[{"id":"outgoing","heading":{"en":"Outgoing service and limits","ja":"仕向サービスと限度"},"body":{"en":["Japan Post Bank offers browser-based Yucho International Remittance for individual account holders, at ¥3,000 per transaction using the bank’s published rate at application. Intermediary and beneficiary fees may be deducted on top. Limits are under ¥1 million per transaction, ¥2 million per day, and ¥5 million per month, and My Number is required.","The important constraint is language: the outgoing website is Japanese-only, and some entries must be made in Japanese. Corporate transactions cannot be made through an individual account."],"ja":["ゆうちょ銀行は、個人の口座保有者向けにブラウザ版のゆうちょ国際送金を、申込時の公表レートで1回3,000円で提供します。中継・受取手数料が別途差し引かれることがあります。限度は1回100万円未満・1日200万円・月500万円で、マイナンバーが必要です。","重要な制約は言語です。送金サイトは日本語のみで、一部の入力は日本語で行う必要があります。個人口座で法人取引はできません。"]}},{"id":"incoming","heading":{"en":"Receiving money at Japan Post Bank","ja":"ゆうちょ銀行での受取"},"body":{"en":["Incoming English instructions support USD and EUR. Use BIC JPPSJPJ2, the correctly formatted account number, and the registered English account name and address — the account-symbol/number conversion must be exact. Japan Post Bank discloses fixed correspondent deductions of $10 on qualifying USD receipts and €5 on qualifying EUR receipts, and warns that additional intermediary charges may also be deducted.","Because the incoming currency set is limited, confirm the sender can pay in USD or EUR before directing a salary or pension here."],"ja":["英語の受取指示は米ドルとユーロに対応します。BIC JPPSJPJ2、正しく整形した口座番号、登録された英語の口座名義と住所を使い、記号・番号の変換を正確に行いましょう。ゆうちょ銀行は、対象の米ドル受取に10ドル、ユーロ受取に5ユーロの定額中継控除を開示し、さらに追加の中継手数料が差し引かれうると注意します。","受取通貨が限られるため、給与や年金をここに指定する前に、送り手が米ドルまたはユーロで支払えるか確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Existing Japan Post Bank customers comfortable with a Japanese interface","Recipients of USD or EUR"],"ja":["日本語画面で問題ないゆうちょ既存顧客","米ドル・ユーロの受取人"]},"notFor":{"en":["Non-Japanese-reading users sending money out","Receiving currencies other than USD or EUR"],"ja":["日本語を読めない送金者","米ドル・ユーロ以外の通貨での受取"]},"warnings":{"en":["The outgoing interface is Japanese-only; an incorrect account-symbol conversion can delay or return an incoming transfer."],"ja":["送金画面は日本語のみです。記号変換を誤ると、被仕向送金が遅延・返送されえます。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["imny-jpbank-remit","imny-jpbank-receive"],"relatedProducts":["japan-post-bank"],"relatedArticles":["rakuten-vs-japan-post","incoming-bank-fees","receive-international-transfer"]},{"slug":"prestia-international-transfers","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA international transfers","ja":"SMBC信託銀行プレスティアの海外送金"},"summary":{"en":"PRESTIA’s English-language remittance, fee tiers linked to balance, MultiMoney foreign-currency accounts, GLOBAL PASS, and the business-purpose restriction on online transfers.","ja":"プレスティアの英語対応送金、残高に連動する手数料階層、MultiMoney外貨口座、GLOBAL PASS、そしてオンライン送金の事業目的制限。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"PRESTIA offers strong English-language remittance and foreign-currency banking; standard online transfers are ¥3,500 (¥2,000 with a qualifying ¥1m relationship balance, free for Gold tiers), but online transfers cannot be used for corporate accounts or business-purpose funds.","ja":"プレスティアは強い英語対応の送金と外貨バンキングを提供します。標準のオンライン送金は3,500円（対象の100万円取引残高で2,000円、Gold階層は無料）ですが、オンライン送金は法人口座や事業目的資金には使えません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Online, phone, branch, or mail remittance for personal customers; beneficiary pre-registration required for remote channels.","Standard online ¥3,500; ¥2,000 with a qualifying ¥1m relationship balance; free for Gold tiers; branch generally ¥7,000.","“Pay in full” correspondent instruction ¥1,500, but intermediaries can still charge.","Strong English support; MultiMoney foreign-currency accounts and GLOBAL PASS multi-currency debit; no online business-purpose transfers."],"ja":["個人向けにオンライン・電話・店頭・郵送の送金。遠隔チャネルは受取人の事前登録が必要。","標準オンライン3,500円、対象の100万円取引残高で2,000円、Gold階層は無料、店頭は原則7,000円。","「全額負担」のコルレス指示は1,500円だが、中継が課金しうる。","強い英語対応。MultiMoney外貨口座とGLOBAL PASSマルチカレンシーデビット。オンラインの事業目的送金は不可。"]},"sections":[{"id":"english-fees","heading":{"en":"English service and fee tiers","ja":"英語対応と手数料階層"},"body":{"en":["PRESTIA (SMBC Trust Bank) is a leading English-language option for personal customers, with online, phone, branch, and mail remittance; remote channels require beneficiary pre-registration. Standard online transfers are ¥3,500, dropping to ¥2,000 with a qualifying ¥1 million relationship balance and free for Gold tiers. Branch service is generally ¥7,000.","A “pay in full” correspondent instruction is available for ¥1,500, but intermediaries can still charge, so it improves — not guarantees — full arrival. Incoming foreign-currency receipts can be retained in a supported MultiMoney currency, though correspondent charges may remain."],"ja":["プレスティア（SMBC信託銀行）は個人顧客向けの英語対応の有力な選択肢で、オンライン・電話・店頭・郵送の送金があります。遠隔チャネルは受取人の事前登録が必要です。標準のオンライン送金は3,500円で、対象の100万円取引残高で2,000円、Gold階層は無料に下がります。店頭は原則7,000円です。","「全額負担」のコルレス指示は1,500円で利用できますが、中継が課金しうるため、満額到着を保証ではなく改善するものです。外貨の受取は対応するMultiMoney通貨で保有できますが、中継手数料は残ることがあります。"]}},{"id":"fx-cards","heading":{"en":"Foreign currency and cards","ja":"外貨とカード"},"body":{"en":["PRESTIA’s strength is foreign-currency operations: MultiMoney accounts hold multiple currencies, and GLOBAL PASS is a multi-currency Visa debit that supports overseas purchases and ATM withdrawals. The Global Pass transaction fee is listed as free, though ATM-owner and exchange charges may apply.","The key restriction: online transfers cannot be used for corporate accounts or business-purpose funds. Freelancers and businesses should confirm the permitted channel before using PRESTIA for client payments."],"ja":["プレスティアの強みは外貨業務です。MultiMoney口座は複数通貨を保有でき、GLOBAL PASSは海外購入とATM引出に対応するマルチカレンシーVisaデビットです。GLOBAL PASSの取引手数料は無料と掲げられますが、ATM運営者や両替の手数料が生じえます。","重要な制限：オンライン送金は法人口座や事業目的資金には使えません。フリーランスや事業者は、クライアント支払でプレスティアを使う前に許可された経路を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["English-speaking residents wanting foreign-currency banking","People spending abroad with a multi-currency debit card"],"ja":["外貨バンキングを求める英語話者の居住者","マルチカレンシーデビットで海外決済する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Corporate accounts or business-purpose online transfers","Cost-minimising small remittances (compare specialists)"],"ja":["法人口座やオンラインの事業目的送金","コスト重視の小口送金（専門業者と比較）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Online transfers are prohibited for business-purpose funds — use the correct channel or a business provider."],"ja":["オンライン送金は事業目的資金に使えません。正しい経路かビジネス向け業者を使いましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["remit-prestia-fees","remit-prestia-guide","card-prestia-globalpass"],"relatedProducts":["smbc-prestia"],"relatedArticles":["sony-bank-international-transfers","prestia-vs-sony-bank","best-multi-currency-accounts","foreign-salary-in-japan"]},{"slug":"sony-bank-international-transfers","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Sony Bank international transfers","ja":"ソニー銀行の海外送金"},"summary":{"en":"Sony Bank’s online foreign remittance, eleven sending currencies, receiving foreign salary and pensions, Club S fee benefits, and how the Sony Bank WALLET spends foreign-currency balances.","ja":"ソニー銀行のオンライン外国送金、11の送金通貨、外貨の給与・年金の受取、Club Sの手数料優遇、そしてSony Bank WALLETが外貨残高をどう使うか。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Sony Bank offers around-the-clock online foreign remittance at ¥3,000 (up to three free monthly at Club S Platinum) across eleven sending currencies, receives eligible foreign salary and pensions, and pairs with the Sony Bank WALLET that spends directly from ten foreign-currency balances.","ja":"ソニー銀行は、11の送金通貨で24時間対応のオンライン外国送金を3,000円（Club S Platinumで月3回まで無料）で提供し、対象の外貨給与・年金を受け取り、10の外貨残高から直接支払うSony Bank WALLETと連携します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Online foreign remittance after beneficiary pre-registration; generally available around the clock outside maintenance.","¥3,000 outgoing, up to three free per month at qualifying Club S Platinum status; eleven sending currencies advertised.","Receives eligible foreign-currency salary, pension, insurance, and investment transfers, subject to review and account compatibility.","Sony Bank WALLET spends directly from ten supported foreign-currency balances; unsupported-currency or no-balance use costs 1.79%."],"ja":["受取人の事前登録後にオンライン外国送金。メンテナンス時を除き原則24時間対応。","仕向3,000円、対象のClub S Platinumで月3回まで無料。送金通貨は11をうたう。","対象の外貨給与・年金・保険・投資の受取に、審査と口座適合を前提に対応。","Sony Bank WALLETは10の対応外貨残高から直接支払う。非対応通貨や残高なしの利用は1.79%。"]},"sections":[{"id":"remittance","heading":{"en":"Remittance and receiving","ja":"送金と受取"},"body":{"en":["Sony Bank offers online foreign remittance after beneficiary pre-registration, generally available around the clock outside maintenance windows. The outgoing fee is ¥3,000, with up to three free transfers per month at qualifying Club S Platinum status, and eleven sending currencies are advertised (payment-bank charges remain separate).","On the receiving side, Sony Bank supports receipt of foreign-currency salary, pension, insurance, investment, and other eligible transfers, subject to review and account compatibility — making it a practical home for foreign income for Japan-resident individuals aged 15 or older under the cited product conditions."],"ja":["ソニー銀行は、受取人の事前登録後にオンライン外国送金を提供し、メンテナンス時を除き原則24時間利用できます。仕向手数料は3,000円で、対象のClub S Platinumでは月3回まで無料、送金通貨は11をうたいます（支払銀行の手数料は別途）。","受取側では、ソニー銀行は外貨の給与・年金・保険・投資などの対象送金の受取に、審査と口座適合を前提に対応します。掲載の商品条件のもと、15歳以上の日本居住の個人にとって、外貨所得の実務的な受け皿になります。"]}},{"id":"wallet","heading":{"en":"Sony Bank WALLET abroad","ja":"海外でのSony Bank WALLET"},"body":{"en":["The Sony Bank WALLET is a Visa debit that spends directly from ten supported foreign-currency accounts, with a “Yen Assist” feature that can automatically buy a supported currency when the balance is insufficient. When you spend from a matching balance, the conversion cost was already incurred when you funded it; spending an unsupported currency or with no matching balance costs 1.79%.","At ATMs, an unsupported or yen-funded withdrawal costs 1.79% plus ¥220, with a possible ATM-owner fee. A refund may return in foreign currency, and delayed merchant clearing can create an additional yen debit — so manage the foreign-currency balances actively."],"ja":["Sony Bank WALLETは、10の対応外貨口座から直接支払うVisaデビットで、残高不足時に対応通貨を自動購入する「円アシスト」機能があります。一致する残高から支払うと両替コストは入金時に既に発生済みで、非対応通貨や一致残高なしの支払は1.79%です。","ATMでは、非対応または円からの引出は1.79%＋220円で、ATM運営者手数料が加わることがあります。返金が外貨で戻ることや、加盟店の清算遅延で追加の円引落が生じることもあるため、外貨残高は能動的に管理しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents actively managing foreign-currency deposits","People receiving a foreign salary or pension"],"ja":["外貨預金を能動的に管理する居住者","外貨の給与・年金を受け取る方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Corporate accounts","Users who will not manage foreign-currency balances"],"ja":["法人口座","外貨残高を管理しない利用者"]},"warnings":{"en":["A card refund can return in foreign currency and delayed clearing can add a later yen debit — watch your balances."],"ja":["カード返金が外貨で戻り、清算遅延で後日の円引落が加わることがあります。残高に注意しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["remit-sony-fees","remit-sony-guide","card-sony-wallet"],"relatedProducts":["sony-bank"],"relatedArticles":["prestia-international-transfers","prestia-vs-sony-bank","best-overseas-cards","foreign-salary-in-japan"]},{"slug":"send-money-abroad","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How to send money abroad from Japan","ja":"日本から海外へ送金する方法"},"summary":{"en":"The complete step-by-step process: choose the right rail, collect recipient details, compare quotes at the same time, verify the beneficiary, fund, track, and keep records.","ja":"手順の全体像：適切な経路を選び、受取人情報を集め、同時刻に見積を比較し、受取人を確認し、入金し、追跡し、記録を残す。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Choose a rail for your amount and destination, collect exact recipient details, compare providers on the recipient amount at the same moment, verify the beneficiary independently, fund by bank transfer, track the transfer, and keep the records.","ja":"金額と仕向地に応じた経路を選び、正確な受取人情報を集め、同時刻に受取額で業者を比較し、受取人を独自に確認し、銀行振込で入金し、追跡し、記録を残します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Match the rail to the job: specialists for small transfers, banks or Type I services for large or documented ones.","Collect the exact legal account name plus the destination’s identifier (IBAN, ABA, sort code, BSB, IFSC, or account/branch).","Compare the recipient amount for the same total debit at the same time — not the advertised fee.","Verify a new beneficiary independently, fund by bank transfer, and keep the receipt and FX record."],"ja":["仕事に経路を合わせる：小口は専門業者、大口や書類を伴うものは銀行かType Iサービス。","正確な口座名義に加え、仕向地の識別子（IBAN・ABA・ソートコード・BSB・IFSC・口座/支店）を集める。","同時刻・同一引落総額での受取額で比較する——宣伝手数料ではなく。","新しい受取人は独自に確認し、銀行振込で入金し、控えとFX記録を残す。"]},"sections":[{"id":"steps","heading":{"en":"The seven steps","ja":"7つのステップ"},"body":{"en":["1) Choose the rail. For a small personal remittance, compare specialists (Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai, Western Union). For a large or documented transfer, use a bank or a Type I provider. 2) Collect the recipient details: the exact legal account name and address, bank name, and the destination’s account identifier (IBAN and BIC in Europe, ABA routing number in the US, sort code in the UK, BSB in Australia, IFSC in India, or a domestic account and branch code) plus any required purpose or reference.","3) Compare quotes at the same time for the same total debit, currency, destination, funding, and payout method. 4) Verify a new beneficiary independently — never act on an emailed change of bank details alone. 5) Fund the transfer, normally by bank transfer, which is usually cheaper than card funding. 6) Track it using the app or SWIFT reference. 7) Store the receipt, the exchange rate used, and any purpose documents for tax and dispute purposes."],"ja":["1）経路を選ぶ。小口の個人送金は専門業者（Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai・ウエスタンユニオン）を比較。大口や書類を伴う送金は銀行かType I業者。2）受取人情報を集める：正確な口座名義と住所、銀行名、仕向地の口座識別子（欧州はIBANとBIC、米国はABAルーティング番号、英国はソートコード、豪州はBSB、インドはIFSC、または国内の口座・支店コード）と、必要な目的・レファレンス。","3）同一の引落総額・通貨・仕向地・資金調達・受取方法で、同時刻に見積を比較。4）新しい受取人は独自に確認——メールでの口座変更だけで動かない。5）入金する。通常は銀行振込で、カード入金より安いことが多い。6）アプリまたはSWIFTレファレンスで追跡。7）控え・使用した為替レート・目的書類を、税務と紛争のために保管。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["First-time senders","Anyone wanting a repeatable checklist"],"ja":["初めて送金する方","繰り返し使えるチェックリストが欲しい方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers seeking a single fixed “cheapest” answer without a quote"],"ja":["見積なしで単一固定の「最安」を求める方"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never send on an emailed change of bank details without independently verifying it by a known phone number."],"ja":["既知の電話番号で独自に確認せず、メールでの口座変更で送金しないでください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-remit-guidance","remit-wise-pricing","imny-smbc-remit"],"relatedProducts":["wise"],"relatedArticles":["compare-transfer-quotes","cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","large-transfers-from-japan","transfer-scams-and-fraud"]},{"slug":"receive-international-transfer","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How to receive an international transfer in Japan","ja":"日本で海外送金を受け取る方法"},"summary":{"en":"Incoming SWIFT instructions, local receiving details, supported currencies, incoming fees and intermediary deductions, tax characterization, and how to track a payment on its way to you.","ja":"被仕向SWIFTの指示、現地の受取口座情報、対応通貨、被仕向手数料と中継控除、税務上の性質、そして着金までの追跡方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Give the sender your bank’s incoming SWIFT instructions (or local receiving details from a platform), confirm the accepted currency, expect incoming and intermediary fees, and remember that receiving money is taxed by what the money is — income, gift, or your own savings — not by the transfer itself.","ja":"送り手に銀行の被仕向SWIFT指示（またはプラットフォームの現地受取情報）を渡し、対応通貨を確認し、被仕向・中継手数料を見込み、受取は送金自体でなく「そのお金が何か」（所得・贈与・自分の貯蓄）で課税されることを覚えておきましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["To receive by SWIFT, give the sender your bank’s BIC, account number/format, and registered English name and address.","Platforms (Wise, Payoneer) can provide local receiving details in some currencies so the sender pays as if domestically.","Expect an incoming-transfer fee and possible intermediary deductions; some banks limit incoming currencies (Japan Post: USD/EUR).","Receiving money is not itself the taxable event — tax follows whether it is salary, a gift, inheritance, or your own savings."],"ja":["SWIFTで受け取るには、銀行のBIC・口座番号/形式・登録された英語名義と住所を送り手に渡します。","プラットフォーム（Wise・Payoneer）は一部通貨で現地受取情報を提供し、送り手が国内送金のように支払えます。","被仕向手数料と中継控除を見込む。受取通貨を限る銀行もあります（ゆうちょ：米ドル/ユーロ）。","受取自体は課税事由ではありません。給与・贈与・相続・自分の貯蓄かで税務が決まります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-to-receive","heading":{"en":"Giving the sender the right details","ja":"送り手に正しい情報を渡す"},"body":{"en":["For a bank SWIFT receipt, provide your bank’s BIC/SWIFT code, the correctly formatted account number, and the registered English account name and address — these must match exactly or the payment can be delayed or returned. Japan Post Bank, for example, uses BIC JPPSJPJ2 and supports USD and EUR incoming, with disclosed correspondent deductions of $10 (USD) and €5 (EUR).","Alternatively, a platform such as Wise or Payoneer can give you local receiving details in certain currencies, letting the sender pay as if making a domestic transfer and avoiding some correspondent deductions. Confirm the accepted currency before directing a salary or pension, and expect an incoming-transfer fee plus possible intermediary charges."],"ja":["銀行でのSWIFT受取には、銀行のBIC/SWIFTコード、正しく整形した口座番号、登録された英語の口座名義と住所を渡します。これらは完全一致が必要で、違うと遅延・返送されえます。たとえばゆうちょ銀行はBIC JPPSJPJ2を使い、米ドル・ユーロの受取に対応し、10ドル（米ドル）・5ユーロ（ユーロ）の中継控除を開示します。","あるいはWiseやPayoneerのようなプラットフォームが、一部通貨で現地受取情報を提供し、送り手が国内送金のように支払えて一部の中継控除を避けられます。給与や年金を指定する前に対応通貨を確認し、被仕向手数料と中継手数料の可能性を見込みましょう。"]}},{"id":"tax-and-tracking","heading":{"en":"Tax character and tracking","ja":"税務上の性質と追跡"},"body":{"en":["An incoming transfer is not taxed merely because it arrives. Tax follows the underlying nature of the money: salary is income, a gratuitous transfer may be a gift, inherited funds may involve inheritance tax, and moving your own savings between accounts is generally not new income. Keep the originating document — payslip, invoice, sale agreement, or account statement — because a remittance receipt alone is not sufficient tax evidence.","If the money is late, ask the sender for the transfer reference and, for a SWIFT wire, have them ask their bank to trace it; gpi tracking may be available at the institutional level."],"ja":["被仕向送金は、届いただけでは課税されません。税務はお金の本来の性質に従います：給与は所得、無償の移転は贈与になりうる、相続資金は相続税が関わりうる、そして自分の貯蓄を口座間で移すのは通常は新たな所得ではありません。送金の控えだけでは税務証拠として不十分なので、給与明細・請求書・売買契約・口座明細などの原資料を残しましょう。","お金が遅い場合は、送り手に送金レファレンスを尋ね、SWIFT送金なら送り手の銀行に追跡を依頼してもらいましょう。gpi追跡は機関レベルで利用できることがあります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People receiving salary, freelance pay, pensions, or family support","Anyone giving a sender their bank details"],"ja":["給与・フリーランス報酬・年金・家族支援を受け取る方","送り手に口座情報を渡す方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Determining your exact tax liability — that depends on residence status and the source"],"ja":["正確な納税額の判断（居住区分と源泉に依存します）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not receive money into your account on behalf of someone else without a legitimate, documented reason — it can be money-mule activity."],"ja":["正当で裏づけのある理由なく、他人のために自分の口座で受け取らないでください。マネーミュールになりえます。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["imny-jpbank-receive","imny-payoneer","nta-nonresident"],"relatedProducts":["japan-post-bank"],"relatedArticles":["foreign-salary-in-japan","freelance-payments-from-overseas","incoming-bank-fees","are-transfers-taxable"]},{"slug":"cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Cheapest way to send money from Japan","ja":"日本から送金する最も安い方法"},"summary":{"en":"Why there is no context-free cheapest provider, how cost changes with amount and corridor, and a same-time method to find the cheapest route for your specific transfer.","ja":"文脈抜きの最安業者が存在しない理由、金額とコリドーでコストが変わること、そしてあなたの送金で最安ルートを見つける同時刻の方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"There is no universal cheapest provider — the winner depends on amount, corridor, funding, and payout method — so compare the recipient amount for your exact transfer at the same time; specialists usually win small transfers and negotiated-FX banks win large ones.","ja":"普遍的な最安業者はありません。勝者は金額・コリドー・資金調達・受取方法で変わるため、あなたの送金の受取額を同時刻で比較しましょう。小口は専門業者、大口は交渉FXの銀行が有利なことが多いです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["No provider is universally cheapest; the winner changes with amount, corridor, funding, and payout method.","For small transfers, fixed bank fees dominate, so specialists (Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai, Western Union) usually win.","For large transfers, the FX margin dominates, so a negotiated bank rate or a low-markup Type I provider usually wins.","Fund by bank transfer, exclude first-transfer promotions, and compare the recipient amount at the same moment."],"ja":["普遍的な最安業者はありません。勝者は金額・コリドー・資金調達・受取方法で変わります。","小口は定額の銀行手数料が支配的で、専門業者（Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai・ウエスタンユニオン）が有利なことが多い。","大口はFXマージンが支配的で、交渉した銀行レートや低マージンのType I業者が有利なことが多い。","銀行振込で入金し、初回プロモーションを除き、同時刻の受取額で比較する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"no-single-answer","heading":{"en":"Why the answer is “it depends”","ja":"答えが「場合による」理由"},"body":{"en":["Total cost, recipient amount, and timing depend on the amount, the currency pair, the funding and delivery method, and the moment you quote. A corridor-specific remittance company may beat a multi-currency platform for a ¥30,000 cash payout to the Philippines, while a bank or Type I provider may be more appropriate for a ¥30 million documented property transaction. That is why any honest “cheapest” page is a method, not a fixed ranking.","The structural rule: on small transfers, fixed sending, correspondent, and recipient fees are a large percentage, so a specialist that collects and pays locally usually wins. On large transfers, the exchange-rate margin scales with the amount and dominates, so negotiating the FX rate or comparing low-markup providers saves more than shaving the fee."],"ja":["総コスト・受取額・時間は、金額・通貨ペア・資金調達と受取方法・見積の瞬間で決まります。フィリピンへの3万円の現金受取ではコリドー特化の送金会社がマルチカレンシーより有利なことがあり、3,000万円の書類を伴う不動産取引では銀行やType I業者が適切なことがあります。だから正直な「最安」ページは、固定順位ではなく方法です。","構造的なルール：小口では定額の送金・中継・受取手数料が大きな割合になるため、現地で集金・支払する専門業者が有利なことが多い。大口では為替マージンが金額に比例して支配的になるため、FXレートの交渉や低マージン業者の比較の方が、手数料を削るより節約になります。"]}},{"id":"method","heading":{"en":"The same-time method","ja":"同時刻の方法"},"body":{"en":["Get quotes from several providers within the same minute for the same total sender debit, currency, destination, funding method, and payout method, then compare the recipient amount (the effective rate). Fund by bank transfer to avoid card-acquiring costs, and record first-transfer promotions on a separate line so they do not distort the ongoing-cost comparison.","For a small remittance, start with the specialist shortlist; for a large one, add your bank and ask about a negotiated rate. Use the transfer-cost worksheet approach to turn the recipient amounts into a total effective cost and pick the cheapest for that specific transfer."],"ja":["同一の引落総額・通貨・仕向地・資金調達・受取方法で、複数業者から同じ分内に見積を取り、受取額（実効レート）を比較します。カード手数料を避けるため銀行振込で入金し、初回プロモーションは別行に記録して継続コスト比較を歪めないようにします。","小口は専門業者のショートリストから、大口は自分の銀行を加えて交渉レートを尋ねましょう。送金コストのワークシートで受取額を総実効コストに換算し、その送金での最安を選びます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone choosing a provider for a specific transfer","People sending regular remittances who want to re-check cost"],"ja":["特定の送金で業者を選ぶ方","コストを再確認したい定期送金者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers wanting a permanent “cheapest provider” label"],"ja":["恒久的な「最安業者」のラベルを求める方"]},"warnings":{"en":["A promotional first-transfer rate is not the ongoing price — compare standard pricing for a recurring transfer."],"ja":["初回のプロモーションレートは継続価格ではありません。定期送金は標準価格で比較しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["remit-wise-pricing","imny-sbi-remit","ecb-fx-rates"],"relatedProducts":["wise"],"relatedArticles":["compare-transfer-quotes","transfer-fees-explained","best-transfer-services-by-use-case","banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},{"slug":"large-transfers-from-japan","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"How to make a large international transfer from Japan","ja":"日本から大口の海外送金をする方法"},"summary":{"en":"Sending more than ¥1 million: Type I services and banks, negotiating the FX rate, preparing source-of-funds documents, verifying the beneficiary, timelines, and when to involve a professional.","ja":"100万円超を送る：Type Iサービスと銀行、FXレートの交渉、資金源書類の準備、受取人確認、所要時間、そして専門家に相談すべき場面。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"For a large transfer, use a Type I provider or a bank, obtain same-time written quotes and ask for a negotiated FX rate, pre-clear source-of-funds documents, verify the beneficiary independently, and start weeks ahead — because on large amounts the exchange margin, not the fixed fee, is the main cost.","ja":"大口では、Type I業者か銀行を使い、同時刻の書面見積を取り交渉FXレートを求め、資金源書類を事前に整え、受取人を独自に確認し、数週間前から始めましょう。大口では定額手数料でなく為替マージンが主コストだからです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Above ¥1m, use a Type I provider (Wise up to ¥150m for qualifying transfers) or a bank; expect enhanced review.","The FX margin dominates cost on large amounts — ask the bank about a negotiated or market-linked rate.","Pre-clear source-of-funds documents and verify the beneficiary independently before sending.","Start weeks ahead where beneficiary registration, source review, or a closing date is involved; send a small test first."],"ja":["100万円超はType I業者（対象送金でWiseは最大1億5,000万円）か銀行を使う。強化審査を見込む。","大口はFXマージンが支配的——銀行に交渉レートや市場連動レートを尋ねる。","資金源書類を事前に整え、送る前に受取人を独自に確認する。","受取人登録・資金源審査・決済日が絡むなら数週間前から。まず少額テストを送る。"]},"sections":[{"id":"route-and-rate","heading":{"en":"Route and rate","ja":"経路とレート"},"body":{"en":["Sending more than ¥1 million generally requires a Type I funds-transfer service or a bank. Wise supports qualifying Japan-based Type I transfers up to ¥150 million; Kyodai lists a Type I maximum of ¥10 million subject to review; major banks handle large wires and can offer market-linked rates above a threshold (Resona, for example, notes market-linked treatment for large transactions).","On a large amount the exchange-rate margin is the main cost — it scales with the amount, while the fixed fee does not. Obtain same-time written quotes from a bank and a Type I provider, and explicitly ask the bank whether a negotiated FX rate is available before you confirm."],"ja":["100万円超の送金は通常、Type I資金移動サービスか銀行が必要です。Wiseは日本発の対象Type I送金を最大1億5,000万円まで、Kyodaiは審査前提で1,000万円のType I上限、メガバンクは大口送金を扱い基準額超で市場連動レートを提示しえます（例：りそなは大口の市場連動扱いに言及）。","大口では為替マージンが主コストで、金額に比例します（定額手数料は比例しません）。銀行とType I業者から同時刻の書面見積を取り、確定前に交渉FXレートが可能か銀行に明示的に尋ねましょう。"]}},{"id":"documents-timeline","heading":{"en":"Documents, verification, and timeline","ja":"書類・確認・所要時間"},"body":{"en":["Prepare source-of-funds documentation in advance — payslips, tax returns, savings history, a sale agreement, or probate documents that show how the money accumulated without unexplained gaps. Large transactions routinely trigger enhanced review, and a clear document trail is the fastest way through it.","Verify the beneficiary independently, especially for property: confirm account details with the lawyer, notary, title company, or seller through an independently sourced contact, never on an emailed change alone. Start weeks ahead where beneficiary registration, source review, bank holidays, or a closing date apply, and send a small test payment first unless the beneficiary prohibits partial payments. For inheritance, property, gifts, trusts, or U.S. tax exposure, involve a cross-border professional."],"ja":["資金源の書類を事前に準備しましょう——給与明細・確定申告書・貯蓄の履歴・売買契約・検認書類など、不自然な空白なく蓄積の経緯を示すもの。大口は通常、強化審査の対象で、明確な書類の連なりが最短路です。","受取人を独自に確認しましょう。特に不動産では、弁護士・公証人・タイトル会社・売主に、独自に入手した連絡先で口座情報を確認し、メールでの変更だけで動かないこと。受取人登録・資金源審査・銀行休業日・決済日が絡むなら数週間前から始め、受取人が分割を禁じない限りまず少額テストを送ります。相続・不動産・贈与・信託・米国税務が絡むなら、クロスボーダーの専門家に相談しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People sending more than ¥1 million","Property, inheritance, or savings-migration transfers"],"ja":["100万円超を送る方","不動産・相続・貯蓄移動の送金"]},"notFor":{"en":["Small routine remittances","Specific tax or legal advice — see a professional"],"ja":["小口の日常送金","個別の税務・法務の助言（専門家へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never rely on an emailed change of beneficiary bank details for a large or property payment — verify independently first."],"ja":["大口や不動産の支払で、メールでの受取人口座変更を当てにしないでください。まず独自に確認を。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["imny-wise-limits","imny-resona-remit","imny-kyodai","fsa-funds-transfer"],"relatedProducts":["wise"],"relatedArticles":["transfer-limits-japan","source-of-funds-and-purpose","banks-vs-remittance-providers","transfer-scams-and-fraud"]},{"slug":"emergency-transfers-from-japan","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Emergency international money transfers","ja":"緊急の海外送金"},"summary":{"en":"Getting cash to someone fast and safely: cash-pickup networks, tracking codes, recipient identification, and the fraud checks that matter most when there is time pressure.","ja":"素早く安全に現金を届ける：現金受取網、追跡コード、受取人確認、そして時間の圧力があるときこそ重要な詐欺対策。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"For a genuine emergency, use a trackable cash-pickup provider (Western Union, SBI Remit/MoneyGram, Kyodai/Ria, or a corridor-specific app), confirm the recipient’s exact legal name and ID and the local cap before paying, send the minimum, and verify any claimed emergency through a separate channel first.","ja":"本当の緊急時は、追跡可能な現金受取業者（ウエスタンユニオン・SBIレミット/MoneyGram・Kyodai/Ria・コリドー特化アプリ）を使い、受取人の正確な氏名・IDと現地の上限を確認してから支払い、最小限を送り、主張された緊急事態を先に別経路で確認しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Cash pickup via Western Union, SBI Remit/MoneyGram, Kyodai/Ria, or corridor-specific Smiles/DCOM reaches unbanked recipients fast.","Confirm the recipient’s exact legal name and ID, the pickup location’s hours, cash stock, and local cap before sending.","Use a provider with a tracking code (MTCN or app tracker) and send only the minimum necessary.","“Instant” is an estimate; compliance and agent availability can still delay a payout."],"ja":["ウエスタンユニオン・SBIレミット/MoneyGram・Kyodai/Ria・コリドー特化のSmiles/DCOMの現金受取は、銀行口座のない受取人に素早く届く。","送る前に受取人の正確な氏名・ID、受取場所の営業時間・現金在庫・現地上限を確認する。","追跡コード（MTCNやアプリ追跡）のある業者を使い、必要最小限のみ送る。","「即時」は目安。コンプライアンスや代理店の都合で払出が遅れることもある。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-to","heading":{"en":"How to send emergency cash","ja":"緊急の現金を送る手順"},"body":{"en":["For an unbanked recipient or a genuine emergency, cash pickup is the fastest route. Western Union, SBI Remit with MoneyGram reach, Kyodai over the Ria network, and corridor-specific Smiles or DCOM cash pickup can pay out quickly. Before you pay, confirm the recipient’s exact legal name and ID, the pickup location and its hours, whether it has cash in stock, and the local cash-pickup cap — a mismatch on any of these can block the payout.","Use a provider with a tracking code (Western Union’s MTCN or an app tracker), send the minimum necessary, and never disclose the pickup number publicly. Remember that “minutes” is an estimate; compliance review and agent availability still control the actual payout."],"ja":["銀行口座のない受取人や本当の緊急時は、現金受取が最速です。ウエスタンユニオン、MoneyGram網のSBIレミット、Ria網のKyodai、コリドー特化のSmilesやDCOMの現金受取が素早く払い出せます。支払う前に、受取人の正確な氏名・ID、受取場所と営業時間、現金在庫の有無、現地の現金受取上限を確認しましょう。いずれかが不一致だと払出が止まりえます。","追跡コード（ウエスタンユニオンのMTCNやアプリ追跡）のある業者を使い、必要最小限を送り、受取番号を公開しないこと。「数分」は目安で、実際の払出はコンプライアンス審査と代理店の都合が支配します。"]}},{"id":"fraud","heading":{"en":"The emergency-scam checklist","ja":"緊急詐欺のチェックリスト"},"body":{"en":["Emergencies are a favourite of scammers precisely because they create time pressure. Verify the alleged emergency through a separate, known channel before sending — call the person on a number you already have, not the one in the message. Treat requests for gift cards, crypto, or transfer to an unrelated “agent” as likely fraud, and never share one-time passwords or the pickup code.","A transfer receipt proves you initiated a payment, not that the right person collected it. If anything feels rushed or secretive, stop and confirm."],"ja":["緊急事態は、時間の圧力を生むため詐欺師が好みます。送る前に、別の既知の経路で緊急事態を確認しましょう——メッセージの番号ではなく、既に持っている番号に電話を。ギフトカード・暗号資産・無関係の「代理人」への送金依頼は詐欺とみなし、ワンタイムパスワードや受取番号を共有しないこと。","送金の控えは送金を始めた証明であり、正しい人が受け取った証明ではありません。急かされる・秘密めいていると感じたら、止めて確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People sending urgent cash to an unbanked recipient","Anyone facing a claimed emergency request"],"ja":["銀行口座のない受取人へ緊急現金を送る方","緊急を主張する依頼に直面した方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Routine or large documented transfers"],"ja":["日常的または大口の書類を伴う送金"]},"warnings":{"en":["Urgency plus secrecy is the classic scam signature; verify independently before sending cash pickup."],"ja":["「緊急＋秘密」は典型的な詐欺の特徴です。現金受取を送る前に独自に確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["remit-wu-price","imny-sbi-remit","imny-kyodai"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["western-union-japan-review","transfer-scams-and-fraud","western-union-vs-apps"]},{"slug":"foreign-salary-in-japan","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Receiving a foreign salary in Japan","ja":"日本で外国の給与を受け取る"},"summary":{"en":"The order of inquiry for getting paid from abroad — domestic payroll, platform receiving details, or a Japanese bank SWIFT account — plus the records to keep and why leaving salary abroad does not make it tax-free.","ja":"海外から給与を受け取る際の確認順序——国内給与振込、プラットフォームの受取情報、または日本の銀行のSWIFT口座——と、残すべき記録、そして給与を海外に置いても非課税にならない理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Ask first whether the employer can make a domestic JPY payroll transfer; if not, whether it accepts local receiving details from Wise or Payoneer; and if not, give a Japanese bank’s incoming SWIFT instructions — but keep payslips and remember foreign salary is not tax-free just because it is paid or held abroad.","ja":"まず雇用主が国内円建て給与振込をできるか、できなければWiseやPayoneerの現地受取情報を受け入れるか、それも無理なら日本の銀行の被仕向SWIFT指示を渡すか、の順で尋ねます。給与明細を残し、外国の給与は海外で支払・保有しても非課税ではないと覚えておきましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Order of inquiry: domestic JPY payroll → platform local receiving details → Japanese bank incoming SWIFT.","The employer must accept the route and, for salary, usually needs an account legally in the employee’s name.","Run a small test payment and confirm the accepted currency and where conversion happens.","Foreign salary can be taxable in Japan depending on residence status; leaving it abroad or in a wallet does not make it tax-free."],"ja":["確認順序：国内円建て給与→プラットフォームの現地受取情報→日本の銀行の被仕向SWIFT。","雇用主がその経路を受け入れる必要があり、給与は通常、従業員名義の口座が必要。","少額テスト送金を行い、対応通貨と両替の場所を確認する。","外国の給与は居住区分により日本で課税されうる。海外やウォレットに置いても非課税にはならない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"order","heading":{"en":"The order of inquiry","ja":"確認の順序"},"body":{"en":["Work through these in order. 1) Ask whether the employer can make a domestic JPY payroll transfer into a Japanese bank account — simplest and cheapest. 2) If salary is paid abroad, ask whether the employer accepts local receiving details supplied by Wise or Payoneer, which can avoid correspondent deductions. 3) If not, provide a Japanese bank’s incoming SWIFT instructions and confirm the accepted currency (some banks, like Japan Post, only take USD or EUR). 4) State whether conversion should occur before sending, at an intermediary, or at the Japanese bank. 5) Run a small test payment. 6) Retain the employment contract, payslip, transfer advice, FX statement, and bank credit record.","Whichever route you use, the employer must accept it, and for salary the receiving account usually needs to be legally in the employee’s name — payroll systems may not accept a payment-platform account for formal employment."],"ja":["順に進めましょう。1）雇用主が日本の銀行口座への国内円建て給与振込をできるか——最も簡単で安い。2）海外払いなら、WiseやPayoneerの現地受取情報を受け入れるか（中継控除を避けられる）。3）無理なら日本の銀行の被仕向SWIFT指示を渡し、対応通貨を確認（ゆうちょ等は米ドル・ユーロのみ）。4）両替を送金前・中継・日本の銀行のどこで行うかを明示。5）少額テスト送金を行う。6）雇用契約・給与明細・送金通知・FX明細・入金記録を保管。","どの経路でも雇用主の受け入れが必要で、給与は通常、受取口座が従業員名義である必要があります。正式な雇用の給与計算では、支払プラットフォームの口座を受け付けないことがあります。"]}},{"id":"tax","heading":{"en":"Tax: abroad is not tax-free","ja":"税務：海外＝非課税ではない"},"body":{"en":["A foreign salary is not made nontaxable merely because it is left abroad or paid through a wallet. Japanese taxation depends on your residence status, source rules, and, for non-permanent residents, statutory remittance rules that are not a simple “same dollars entered Japan” test. Residents other than non-permanent residents are generally taxed on worldwide income; nonresidents are generally taxed on Japanese-source income.","Keep every record — contract, payslips, transfer advice, and the exchange rate used — because you may need them to report income and, where relevant, claim a foreign tax credit. For non-permanent-resident remittance treatment, get a Japan international-tax professional before assuming income is untaxed."],"ja":["外国の給与は、海外に置いたりウォレットで支払われたりしても非課税にはなりません。日本の課税は、居住区分・源泉ルール、そして非永住者については「同じドルが日本に入った」という単純な判定ではない法定の送金ルールに依存します。非永住者以外の居住者は原則、全世界所得に課税され、非居住者は原則、日本源泉所得に課税されます。","すべての記録——契約・給与明細・送金通知・使用した為替レート——を残しましょう。所得の申告や、該当時の外国税額控除に必要になりえます。非永住者の送金扱いについては、所得が非課税と決めつける前に、日本の国際税務の専門家に相談しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Remote workers and employees paid from abroad","People setting up how their overseas salary arrives"],"ja":["海外から給与を受け取るリモートワーカー・従業員","海外給与の受取方法を整える方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Determining your exact Japanese tax — see a cross-border tax professional"],"ja":["正確な日本の税額の判断（クロスボーダー税務の専門家へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not assume salary held abroad is tax-free; residence status and remittance rules can make it taxable."],"ja":["海外に置いた給与を非課税と決めつけないでください。居住区分と送金ルールで課税されえます。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["nta-nonresident","imny-payoneer","remit-wise-japan"],"relatedProducts":["sony-bank","wise"],"relatedArticles":["receive-international-transfer","freelance-payments-from-overseas","are-transfers-taxable","sony-bank-international-transfers"]},{"slug":"freelance-payments-from-overseas","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Receiving freelance payments from overseas","ja":"海外からのフリーランス報酬を受け取る"},"summary":{"en":"Getting paid by international clients through Wise Business, Payoneer, PayPal, or a Japanese business account — what each does well, the invoice details to include, and the records to keep for tax.","ja":"Wiseビジネス・Payoneer・PayPal・日本のビジネス口座で海外クライアントから報酬を受け取る。各サービスの得意分野、請求書に載せる項目、税務のために残す記録。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Use a business or professionally permitted account — Wise Business, Payoneer, PayPal, or a Japanese business bank account — invoice with full legal details, and keep contracts, platform statements, fees, and the exchange rate used for your accounting.","ja":"ビジネスまたは業務利用が許された口座（Wiseビジネス・Payoneer・PayPal・日本のビジネス銀行口座）を使い、法的な詳細を載せて請求し、契約・プラットフォーム明細・手数料・使用した為替レートを会計のために残しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Use an account whose terms permit business receipts; do not route business income through a personal-only remittance product.","Wise Business and Payoneer can give clients local receiving details; PayPal helps where clients already use it and disputes matter.","An invoice should state legal names, addresses, service period and description, currency, amount, invoice number, and payment details.","Keep contracts, delivery evidence, platform statements, fees, and the exchange rate used — a remittance receipt alone is not tax evidence."],"ja":["事業受取が規約で許された口座を使う。個人専用の送金商品に事業収入を通さない。","Wiseビジネスと Payoneerはクライアントに現地受取情報を提供でき、PayPalはクライアントが既に使う・紛争が重要な場面で有用。","請求書には、法的名称・住所・役務の期間と内容・通貨・金額・請求番号・支払情報を記載。","契約・納品証拠・プラットフォーム明細・手数料・使用した為替レートを残す。送金の控えだけでは税務証拠にならない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"channels","heading":{"en":"Choosing the channel","ja":"チャネルの選び方"},"body":{"en":["Route freelance income through a business or professionally permitted account, not a product whose terms prohibit business use. Wise Business and Payoneer can provide local-style receiving details in several currencies, reducing client friction and avoiding some correspondent deductions; Payoneer is strong for marketplaces and clients that prefer local account details. PayPal is convenient where clients already use it and where buyer/seller dispute tools matter, but its cross-border and conversion costs can be higher for routine currency conversion. A Japanese business bank account is the most formal option and may be required for certain clients.","Compare on client payment friction, conversion cost, withdrawal fee, dispute rights, reserve/review risk, and how cleanly each exports to your accounting."],"ja":["フリーランス収入は、事業利用を禁じる商品ではなく、ビジネスまたは業務利用が許された口座に通しましょう。Wiseビジネスと Payoneerは複数通貨で現地型の受取情報を提供でき、クライアントの手間を減らし一部の中継控除を避けます。Payoneerはマーケットプレイスや現地口座を好むクライアントに強い。PayPalはクライアントが既に使い、買い手/売り手の紛争ツールが重要な場面で便利ですが、日常の両替では越境・両替コストが高くなりえます。日本のビジネス銀行口座は最も正式で、特定のクライアントに必要なことがあります。","クライアントの支払の手間・両替コスト・出金手数料・紛争の権利・留保/審査リスク・会計への取り込みやすさで比較しましょう。"]}},{"id":"invoice-records","heading":{"en":"Invoices and records","ja":"請求書と記録"},"body":{"en":["A freelance invoice should state the legal names and addresses of both parties, the service period and description, the currency, the amount, an invoice number, the due date, and the payment instructions. Clear invoices also help satisfy source-of-funds questions if a provider reviews the payment.","For accounting and Japanese tax, record gross revenue, payment-processing or bank fees, the net receipt, and the exchange rate used under your accounting method. Keep contracts, client communications, proof of delivery, and platform statements — freelance income can be taxable even when paid abroad or held in a foreign wallet, and a remittance receipt alone is not sufficient tax evidence."],"ja":["フリーランスの請求書には、双方の法的名称と住所、役務の期間と内容、通貨、金額、請求番号、支払期日、支払情報を記載しましょう。明確な請求書は、業者が支払を審査する際の資金源の質問にも役立ちます。","会計と日本の税務のため、総収入・決済/銀行手数料・純受取額・使用した為替レートを、採用する会計方法で記録しましょう。契約・クライアントとのやり取り・納品証拠・プラットフォーム明細を残すこと。フリーランス収入は海外払いや外貨ウォレット保有でも課税されえ、送金の控えだけでは税務証拠として不十分です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Freelancers and contractors with overseas clients","People setting up how to invoice internationally"],"ja":["海外クライアントを持つフリーランス・業務委託の方","国際的な請求方法を整える方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Family remittances (use a remittance specialist)","Specific tax filing advice — see a professional"],"ja":["家族送金（送金専門業者を使う）","具体的な申告助言（専門家へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not receive business income through a personal remittance product whose terms prohibit business use — it can trigger account review."],"ja":["事業利用を禁じる個人送金商品で事業収入を受け取らないでください。口座審査の引き金になりえます。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["imny-payoneer","imny-paypal-jp","wise-business"],"relatedProducts":["wise-business","wise"],"relatedArticles":["payoneer-vs-wise-vs-paypal","foreign-salary-in-japan","receive-international-transfer","are-transfers-taxable"]},{"slug":"best-multi-currency-accounts","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Best multi-currency accounts in Japan","ja":"日本のマルチカレンシー口座の選び方"},"summary":{"en":"Wallets versus bank deposits — Wise, Revolut, Sony Bank, and PRESTIA — compared on supported currencies, holding limits, cards, receiving details, and the different legal protections that matter for savings.","ja":"ウォレットと銀行預金——Wise・Revolut・ソニー銀行・プレスティア——を、対応通貨・保有限度・カード・受取情報、そして貯蓄で重要な法的保護の違いで比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Wise gives the broadest currency coverage and app conversion, Revolut the best card and travel functions, and Sony Bank and PRESTIA offer conventional foreign-currency bank deposits — and wallets and bank deposits carry different limits and legal protections.","ja":"Wiseは通貨対応の広さとアプリ両替、Revolutはカードと旅行機能、ソニー銀行とプレスティアは従来型の外貨銀行預金に強みがあります。ウォレットと銀行預金は限度と法的保護が異なります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Wise: broadest currency coverage (40+), transparent conversion, local receiving details subject to eligibility; Japan holding limit defaults to ¥1m.","Revolut: strong app, card controls, and travel use; watch market-hour and allowance rules.","Sony Bank and PRESTIA: conventional foreign-currency bank deposits with statements and branch support.","A wallet balance and a bank deposit have different holding limits and legal protections — the distinction matters for savings."],"ja":["Wise：最も広い通貨対応（40以上）、透明な両替、適格性次第の現地受取情報。日本の保有限度は既定100万円。","Revolut：強力なアプリ・カード管理・旅行利用。市場時間と枠のルールに注意。","ソニー銀行・プレスティア：明細と店舗サポートのある従来型の外貨銀行預金。","ウォレット残高と銀行預金は保有限度と法的保護が異なる——貯蓄では重要な違い。"]},"sections":[{"id":"wallet-vs-deposit","heading":{"en":"Wallet versus bank deposit","ja":"ウォレットと銀行預金"},"body":{"en":["A multi-currency wallet (Wise, Revolut) holds balances in many currencies, may give local receiving details, and pairs with a card — but it is not necessarily a bank deposit, and it may have holding limits and narrower protection. A foreign-currency bank deposit (Sony Bank, PRESTIA) is a conventional deposit with statements and branch support, better for foreign salary or pension receipt and direct bank-to-bank foreign-currency transfers.","For breadth and app conversion, Wise leads with 40+ currencies, though a Japan address defaults to a ¥1 million total holding limit (temporarily raisable). Revolut leads on card and travel functions. Sony and PRESTIA lead where you want a real deposit relationship. The legal-protection difference matters most if you intend to hold significant savings."],"ja":["マルチカレンシーウォレット（Wise・Revolut）は多通貨の残高を保有し、現地受取情報を付与しえ、カードと連携します——ただし必ずしも銀行預金ではなく、保有限度や狭い保護があることがあります。外貨銀行預金（ソニー銀行・プレスティア）は明細と店舗サポートのある従来型預金で、外貨の給与・年金の受取や銀行間の外貨送金に向きます。","広さとアプリ両替ではWiseが40以上の通貨で先行しますが、日本住所は既定で合計100万円の保有限度（一時的に引上げ可）です。Revolutはカードと旅行機能で先行。ソニーとプレスティアは、真の預金関係が欲しい場合に先行します。法的保護の違いは、まとまった貯蓄を保有するつもりのときに最も重要です。"]}},{"id":"choose","heading":{"en":"Choosing for your use","ja":"用途で選ぶ"},"body":{"en":["For travel and everyday multi-currency spending, a wallet with a good card (Wise or Revolut) is usually best. For receiving a foreign salary or pension and holding it as a real deposit, a bank (Sony or PRESTIA) fits better. Many residents keep both — a bank deposit for income and long-term holding, and a wallet for conversion and travel.","Compare supported currencies, holding limits, card conversion cost, ATM allowances, incoming receiving details, and deposit protection before committing a large balance to any one product."],"ja":["旅行や日常のマルチカレンシー決済には、良いカードのあるウォレット（Wise・Revolut）が通常最適です。外貨の給与・年金を受け取り真の預金として保有するには、銀行（ソニー・プレスティア）が向きます。多くの居住者は両方を持ちます——所得と長期保有には銀行預金、両替と旅行にはウォレット。","まとまった残高をどれかに預ける前に、対応通貨・保有限度・カードの両替コスト・ATM枠・受取情報・預金保護を比較しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People holding or converting several currencies","Travellers and those receiving foreign income"],"ja":["複数通貨を保有・両替する方","旅行者や外貨所得を受け取る方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Anyone who only ever needs yen"],"ja":["円しか必要としない方"]},"warnings":{"en":["A wallet balance is not the same as a bank deposit; confirm holding limits and protection before storing significant savings."],"ja":["ウォレット残高は銀行預金と同じではありません。まとまった貯蓄を置く前に保有限度と保護を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["imny-wise-limits","remit-revolut-fees","remit-sony-guide","remit-prestia-guide"],"relatedProducts":["wise","revolut","sony-bank","smbc-prestia"],"relatedArticles":["wise-vs-revolut","best-overseas-cards","currency-risk-when-to-convert","prestia-vs-sony-bank"]},{"slug":"best-overseas-cards","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Best cards for overseas spending from Japan","ja":"海外で使うカードの選び方（日本発）"},"summary":{"en":"Debit versus credit abroad, issuer FX fees compared, weekend charges, ATM costs, and a two-card backup strategy — with the published percentages for Sony Bank WALLET, PRESTIA Global Pass, Wise, Revolut, and typical Japanese credit cards.","ja":"海外でのデビットとクレジット、発行会社のFX手数料比較、週末手数料、ATMコスト、そして2枚持ちのバックアップ戦略。Sony Bank WALLET・PRESTIA Global Pass・Wise・Revolut・一般的な日本のクレジットカードの公表率つき。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Use a low-markup debit product (Sony Bank WALLET 1.79% on unsupported currencies, PRESTIA Global Pass, Wise, or Revolut within allowances) for spending and ATMs, carry a credit card on a different network as backup and for protection, and always choose the local currency to avoid DCC.","ja":"低マージンのデビット（非対応通貨で1.79%のSony Bank WALLET、PRESTIA Global Pass、Wise、枠内のRevolut）を決済とATMに使い、別ネットワークのクレジットカードをバックアップと保護のために携行し、DCCを避けるため常に現地通貨を選びましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Debit with a matching foreign-currency balance is usually cheapest; typical Japanese credit cards add roughly 3.6%–3.9% for FX.","Sony Bank WALLET charges 1.79% on an unsupported currency or with no matching balance; PRESTIA Global Pass lists no bank transaction fee.","Revolut Standard adds 1% outside market hours; Wise advises choosing local currency at ATMs.","Carry two cards on different networks, keep one separate, and always decline DCC (pay in local currency)."],"ja":["一致する外貨残高でのデビットが通常最安。一般的な日本のクレジットカードはFXで概ね3.6〜3.9%を上乗せ。","Sony Bank WALLETは非対応通貨や一致残高なしで1.79%。PRESTIA Global Passは銀行取引手数料なしと掲示。","Revolut Standardは市場時間外に1%。WiseはATMで現地通貨を選ぶよう助言。","別ネットワークの2枚を携行し、1枚は分けて保管し、常にDCCを断る（現地通貨で支払う）。"]},"sections":[{"id":"compare","heading":{"en":"How the cards compare","ja":"カードの比較"},"body":{"en":["For a ¥100,000-equivalent purchase, the published or modeled costs illustrate the spread: Sony Bank WALLET is 1.79% (¥1,790) when there is no matching foreign-currency balance; an example SMBC card is 3.63% (¥3,630); the EPOS card is 3.85% (¥3,850); Revolut Standard is a listed 0% exchange fee for regular customers during market hours within allowances, rising by 1% outside market hours; and merchant DCC at an illustrative 6% would be ¥6,000. Spending a matching balance on Sony Bank WALLET or PRESTIA Global Pass means the conversion cost was already incurred when you funded it.","At ATMs, add the issuer fee, a percentage FX fee, the ATM-owner surcharge, and any DCC. PRESTIA’s Global Pass lists no bank-side transaction fee (owner and exchange charges may still apply); Wise and Revolut depend on your allowance; Sony Bank WALLET adds ¥220 on an unsupported or yen-funded withdrawal on top of the 1.79%."],"ja":["10万円相当の購入では、公表・試算コストが差を示します：Sony Bank WALLETは一致する外貨残高がない場合1.79%（1,790円）、例のSMBCカードは3.63%（3,630円）、EPOSカードは3.85%（3,850円）、Revolut Standardは市場時間内・枠内の通常顧客で為替手数料0%（市場時間外は＋1%）、店舗DCCは例示の6%なら6,000円。Sony Bank WALLETやPRESTIA Global Passで一致残高を使うと、両替コストは入金時に既に発生済みです。","ATMでは、発行会社手数料・定率FX手数料・ATM運営者手数料・DCCを加えます。PRESTIAのGlobal Passは銀行側の取引手数料なし（運営者・両替手数料は生じうる）、WiseとRevolutは枠次第、Sony Bank WALLETは非対応・円からの引出で1.79%に加え220円です。"]}},{"id":"strategy","heading":{"en":"The two-card strategy","ja":"2枚持ちの戦略"},"body":{"en":["Carry at least two cards on different networks, store one separately, and know each PIN. Use a low-markup debit product for spending and ATMs, and keep a credit card for its purchase protections, hotel and rental deposits, and as a backup — credit is generally more expensive for pure FX but valuable for disputes and holds. Avoid credit-card cash advances abroad, which add interest from the transaction date plus ATM and FX charges.","Whatever card you use, always choose the local currency and decline DCC at the point of sale and the ATM — declining does not remove your issuer’s FX fee but removes the extra merchant/ATM markup on top of it."],"ja":["別ネットワークの2枚以上を携行し、1枚は分けて保管し、各PINを把握しましょう。決済とATMには低マージンのデビットを、購入保護・ホテルやレンタカーのデポジット・バックアップにはクレジットカードを。クレジットは純粋なFXでは通常割高ですが、紛争や与信枠に有用です。海外でのクレジットカードのキャッシングは、取引日からの利息にATM・FX手数料が加わるため避けましょう。","どのカードでも、決済時とATMで常に現地通貨を選びDCCを断りましょう。断っても発行会社のFX手数料は消えませんが、その上に乗る店舗/ATMの追加上乗せは消えます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Travellers and people spending abroad","Anyone comparing debit and credit for overseas use"],"ja":["旅行者や海外で使う方","海外利用でデビットとクレジットを比べる方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Domestic-only spending"],"ja":["国内のみの利用"]},"warnings":{"en":["Always decline DCC and pay in local currency; a credit-card cash advance abroad accrues interest immediately."],"ja":["常にDCCを断り現地通貨で支払いましょう。海外のクレジットカードのキャッシングは即時に利息が付きます。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["card-sony-wallet","card-prestia-globalpass","card-epos-overseas","card-smbc-overseas","remit-revolut-fees"],"relatedProducts":["sony-bank","smbc-prestia","wise","revolut"],"relatedArticles":["dynamic-currency-conversion","best-multi-currency-accounts","sony-bank-international-transfers","prestia-international-transfers"]},{"slug":"banks-vs-remittance-providers","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Banks versus remittance providers","ja":"銀行と送金専門業者の比較"},"summary":{"en":"When a bank wire is the right tool and when a specialist wins — by amount, speed, cash need, documentation, and complexity — so you pick the right rail instead of assuming.","ja":"銀行送金が適切な場面と専門業者が有利な場面を、金額・速さ・現金の必要性・書類・複雑さで整理し、思い込みでなく正しい経路を選べるように。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Specialists usually win small transfers and cash or wallet payouts; banks win where a beneficiary insists on a SWIFT wire, formal documentation is needed, or the amount exceeds a specialist’s limit — and for large amounts a negotiated bank FX rate can beat a specialist.","ja":"小口や現金・ウォレット払出は専門業者が有利なことが多く、受取人がSWIFT送金を要求する・正式書類が必要・専門業者の限度超の場合は銀行が有利です。大口では交渉した銀行のFXレートが専門業者を上回ることもあります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Small transfers: specialists usually win because fixed bank fees are a large percentage.","Cash pickup and mobile-wallet payout: usually specialists; branch assistance and formal proof: usually banks.","Large documented transfers: banks are strong, especially with a negotiated FX rate; Type I specialists work within their limits.","Complex property or inheritance payments: often a bank, coordinated with professionals."],"ja":["小口：定額の銀行手数料が大きな割合になるため、専門業者が有利なことが多い。","現金受取・モバイルウォレット払出：通常は専門業者。店舗サポートや正式な証明：通常は銀行。","大口の書類を伴う送金：銀行が強く、特に交渉FXレートで。Type I専門業者は限度内で有効。","複雑な不動産・相続の支払：多くは銀行で、専門家と連携。"]},"sections":[{"id":"when-each","heading":{"en":"When each wins","ja":"それぞれが有利な場面"},"body":{"en":["Banks are often preferable where the beneficiary specifically requires a SWIFT wire, the transaction involves property or a regulated investment account, a bank-issued proof of remittance is required, or the amount exceeds a remittance provider’s approved limit. They are less attractive for small payments because fixed fees, exchange spreads, and correspondent deductions are a large percentage of the amount.","Specialists are usually stronger for smaller transfers, cash pickup, and mobile-wallet payouts, and they can show the recipient amount up front while avoiding some correspondent deductions. Foreign-currency deposits are available at selected banks, whereas a specialist gives you a wallet balance rather than a conventional deposit. Tracking is app-based with specialists and via bank inquiry or SWIFT/gpi with banks."],"ja":["銀行は、受取人がSWIFT送金を明確に要求する、不動産や規制対象の投資口座が絡む、銀行発行の送金証明が必要、または送金業者の承認限度を超える場合に有利なことが多いです。小口では、定額手数料・為替スプレッド・中継控除が金額に対して大きな割合になるため不利です。","専門業者は、より小さな送金・現金受取・モバイルウォレット払出で通常強く、受取額を事前に示しつつ一部の中継控除を避けられます。外貨預金は一部の銀行で利用でき、専門業者では従来型の預金ではなくウォレット残高になります。追跡は専門業者はアプリ、銀行は照会やSWIFT/gpiです。"]}},{"id":"large-and-complex","heading":{"en":"Large and complex transfers","ja":"大口・複雑な送金"},"body":{"en":["For a large documented transfer, banks are strong — particularly with a negotiated FX rate above a threshold — while Type I specialists (such as Wise up to ¥150 million for qualifying transfers) work within their limits. Recipient-exact-amount needs can be met by a bank fee instruction (not certain) or, often more cleanly, by a local-payout specialist.","For a complex property or inheritance payment, a bank is often preferable and should be coordinated with professionals. Returns and amendments differ too: a bank does a formal, sometimes costly recall, while a specialist offers app support but still may be unable to cancel after payout."],"ja":["大口の書類を伴う送金では、銀行が強く——特に基準額超での交渉FXレートで——一方Type I専門業者（対象送金でWiseは最大1億5,000万円など）は限度内で機能します。受取額を正確にというニーズは、銀行の手数料区分（確実ではない）か、多くの場合より明快に現地払出の専門業者で満たせます。","複雑な不動産・相続の支払は、銀行が有利なことが多く、専門家と連携すべきです。返送・修正も異なります：銀行は正式で時に高額な組戻を行い、専門業者はアプリでの対応はあっても払出後は取消できないことがあります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone choosing between a bank and a specialist for a transfer","People with a large or documented payment"],"ja":["送金で銀行と専門業者を選ぶ方","大口や書類を伴う支払がある方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers wanting one universal answer without their transfer’s specifics"],"ja":["自分の送金の条件抜きで単一の答えを求める方"]},"warnings":{"en":["Neither rail is universally cheaper; decide by amount, destination, payout method, and documentation needs."],"ja":["どちらの経路も普遍的に安くはありません。金額・仕向地・受取方法・書類の必要性で決めましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["imny-smbc-remit","imny-wise-limits","fsa-funds-transfer"],"relatedProducts":["wise"],"relatedArticles":["swift-transfers-explained","cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","best-transfer-services-by-use-case","large-transfers-from-japan"]},{"slug":"best-transfer-services-by-use-case","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Best international transfer services by use case","ja":"用途別・海外送金サービスの選び方"},"summary":{"en":"A use-case selector: the starting shortlist and selection rule for small transfers, large transfers, family support, students, freelancers, salary, pensions, cash pickup, travel, and property.","ja":"用途別セレクター：小口・大口・家族支援・学生・フリーランス・給与・年金・現金受取・旅行・不動産の、出発点のショートリストと選択ルール。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"No provider is universally best; match the shortlist to your use case — specialists for small and family transfers, banks or Type I for large and documented ones, platforms for freelance and salary, cash networks for emergencies — then compare a same-time quote.","ja":"普遍的に最良の業者はありません。用途にショートリストを合わせ——小口・家族は専門業者、大口・書類は銀行かType I、フリーランス・給与はプラットフォーム、緊急は現金網——同時刻の見積で比較しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Small personal remittance: Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai, Western Union — compare recipient amount by exact method.","Large transfer: Wise Type I, MUFG, SMBC, Mizuho, PRESTIA, Sony, Resona — get same-time quotes and ask for a negotiated rate.","Freelance/salary: Wise Business, Payoneer, PayPal, or a Japanese bank account — check business-use terms and employer acceptance.","Emergency cash: Western Union, SBI Remit/MoneyGram, Kyodai/Ria — confirm recipient ID, hours, and local cap."],"ja":["小口の個人送金：Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai・ウエスタンユニオン——正確な方法での受取額で比較。","大口：Wise Type I・三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほ・プレスティア・ソニー・りそな——同時刻見積を取り交渉レートを尋ねる。","フリーランス/給与：Wiseビジネス・Payoneer・PayPal・日本の銀行口座——事業利用規約と雇用主の受け入れを確認。","緊急現金：ウエスタンユニオン・SBIレミット/MoneyGram・Kyodai/Ria——受取人ID・営業時間・現地上限を確認。"]},"sections":[{"id":"selector","heading":{"en":"The use-case selector","ja":"用途別セレクター"},"body":{"en":["Small personal remittance → Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai, or Western Union; compare the recipient amount after fee for the exact bank, wallet, or cash-pickup method, since fixed-fee bank wires are usually proportionally expensive. Large transfer → Wise Type I or a bank (MUFG, SMBC, Mizuho, PRESTIA, Sony, Resona); obtain written same-time quotes, ask for a negotiated FX rate, and pre-clear source-of-funds documents. Family support → SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai, Wise, or Western Union; bank deposit or wallet is normally safer and cheaper than cash pickup.","Foreign salary → local receiving details from Wise or Payoneer where the employer accepts them, otherwise a Sony, PRESTIA, or other Japanese bank SWIFT account. Freelance client payment → Wise Business, Payoneer, PayPal, or a Japanese business account. International tuition → the school’s designated portal, Wise, a bank SWIFT, Sony, or Rakuten, matching the student reference and targeting full-value arrival. Pension receipt → a Japanese bank SWIFT account, Sony, PRESTIA, or eligible local receiving details."],"ja":["小口の個人送金→Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai・ウエスタンユニオン。正確な銀行・ウォレット・現金受取の方法で、手数料後の受取額を比較（定額の銀行送金は割高になりがち）。大口→Wise Type Iか銀行（三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほ・プレスティア・ソニー・りそな）。書面の同時刻見積を取り、交渉FXレートを求め、資金源書類を事前に整える。家族支援→SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai・Wise・ウエスタンユニオン。銀行入金やウォレットが現金受取より通常安全で安い。","外国の給与→雇用主が受け入れるならWiseやPayoneerの現地受取情報、そうでなければソニー・プレスティア等の日本の銀行のSWIFT口座。フリーランスの支払→Wiseビジネス・Payoneer・PayPal・日本のビジネス口座。海外学費→学校指定のポータル・Wise・銀行SWIFT・ソニー・楽天。学生レファレンスを一致させ満額到着を狙う。年金受取→日本の銀行のSWIFT口座・ソニー・プレスティア・対象の現地受取情報。"]}},{"id":"emergency-travel","heading":{"en":"Emergency, travel, and property","ja":"緊急・旅行・不動産"},"body":{"en":["Emergency cash → Western Union, SBI Remit/MoneyGram, Kyodai/Ria, or corridor-specific Smiles/DCOM cash pickup; confirm recipient ID, location hours, cash stock, exact spelling, pickup number, and local cap. Travel spending → Sony Wallet, PRESTIA Global Pass, Wise, or Revolut, plus a backup credit card on a different network; choose local currency and avoid DCC. Overseas property → a major bank, PRESTIA/Sony, or Wise Type I only after a lawyer, escrow, and independent beneficiary verification.","Whatever the use case, the shortlist is a starting point, not a verdict — finish by comparing a same-time quote for your exact amount, corridor, funding, and payout method."],"ja":["緊急現金→ウエスタンユニオン・SBIレミット/MoneyGram・Kyodai/Ria・コリドー特化のSmiles/DCOMの現金受取。受取人ID・営業時間・現金在庫・正確な綴り・受取番号・現地上限を確認。旅行の支出→ソニーウォレット・PRESTIA Global Pass・Wise・Revolutに、別ネットワークのバックアップのクレジットカード。現地通貨を選びDCCを避ける。海外不動産→メガバンク・プレスティア/ソニー・Wise Type Iを、弁護士・エスクロー・独自の受取人確認の後にのみ。","どの用途でも、ショートリストは出発点であって結論ではありません。最後は、自分の金額・コリドー・資金調達・受取方法での同時刻見積で比較して締めましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone unsure which service fits their situation","People with a specific job: salary, tuition, family, property"],"ja":["どのサービスが自分に合うか分からない方","給与・学費・家族・不動産など具体的な用途がある方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Readers wanting a single winner without comparing a quote"],"ja":["見積比較なしで単一の勝者を求める方"]},"warnings":{"en":["The shortlist is a starting point; always finish with a same-time quote for your exact transfer."],"ja":["ショートリストは出発点です。必ず自分の送金の同時刻見積で締めましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["remit-wise-pricing","imny-sbi-remit","remit-wu-price"],"relatedProducts":["wise"],"relatedArticles":["cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","banks-vs-remittance-providers","best-multi-currency-accounts","compare-transfer-quotes"]},{"slug":"wise-vs-revolut","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Wise versus Revolut in Japan","ja":"WiseとRevolutの比較（日本）"},"summary":{"en":"Transfer cost, FX treatment, weekend charges, receiving, cards, ATMs, and limits compared for personal and moderate multi-currency use in Japan.","ja":"送金コスト・FXの扱い・週末手数料・受取・カード・ATM・限度を、日本での個人・中程度のマルチカレンシー利用で比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Wise is the more transparent transfer and receiving tool with the broadest currency coverage and a ¥150m Type I ceiling for qualifying transfers, while Revolut is the stronger everyday card and travel app — but adds 1% outside market hours; the cheaper one depends on your amount, timing, and plan.","ja":"Wiseはより透明な送金・受取ツールで、通貨対応が最も広く対象送金のType I上限は1億5,000万円。Revolutは日常のカード・旅行アプリとして強いが市場時間外に1%を加えます。どちらが安いかは金額・時間・プラン次第です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Wise: mid-market rate with a transparent fee, 40+ currencies, local receiving details, Type I up to ¥150m for qualifying transfers.","Revolut: strong card controls and travel use; Standard has no listed exchange fee in market hours within allowances, +1% outside them.","For receiving and large transfers, Wise is usually the better fit; for card spending and travel, Revolut often is.","Neither is universally cheaper — compare a same-time quote for your amount, timing, and plan."],"ja":["Wise：仲値＋透明な手数料、40以上の通貨、現地受取情報、対象送金のType I上限1億5,000万円。","Revolut：強力なカード管理と旅行利用。Standardは市場時間内・枠内は表示為替手数料なし、時間外は＋1%。","受取や大口はWiseが向くことが多く、カード決済や旅行はRevolutが多い。","どちらも普遍的に安くはない——金額・時間・プランで同時刻の見積を比較。"]},"sections":[{"id":"transfers-receiving","heading":{"en":"Transfers, receiving, and limits","ja":"送金・受取・限度"},"body":{"en":["Wise shows the mid-market rate with a transparent fee, holds 40+ currencies, offers local receiving details subject to eligibility, and supports qualifying Japan-based Type I large transfers up to ¥150 million (default ¥1 million holding limit for Japan addresses, temporarily raisable). This makes Wise the more natural choice for receiving foreign income and for larger transfers.","Revolut is a registered Type II provider whose transfer and receiving features depend on the account and route; some SWIFT routes have no Revolut transfer fee but can incur intermediary fees. For pure transfer transparency and receiving details, Wise generally leads."],"ja":["Wiseは仲値と透明な手数料を示し、40以上の通貨を保有し、適格性次第で現地受取情報を提供し、日本発の対象Type I大口送金を最大1億5,000万円まで支援します（日本住所の既定保有限度100万円、一時的に引上げ可）。このためWiseは、外貨所得の受取や大口送金でより自然な選択です。","Revolutは登録Type II業者で、送金・受取機能は口座と経路に依存します。一部のSWIFT経路はRevolutの送金手数料なしですが中継手数料が生じえます。純粋な送金の透明性と受取情報では、Wiseが概ね先行します。"]}},{"id":"cards-timing","heading":{"en":"Cards, weekends, and who wins","ja":"カード・週末・どちらが有利か"},"body":{"en":["Revolut’s strength is the everyday card: strong controls, travel usability, and no listed Standard exchange fee for regular customers during market hours within allowances. The catch is a 1% charge on fiat exchanges outside market hours (and 0.5% on high-frequency Standard use). Wise’s card converts from a matching balance or at a currency-dependent fee and advises choosing local currency at ATMs.","The verdict is situational: for receiving income and larger, transparent transfers, Wise usually wins; for card spending, subscriptions, and weekday travel, Revolut often wins. Because allowances and market-hour rules change what you pay, compare a same-time quote for your specific amount, timing, and plan."],"ja":["Revolutの強みは日常のカードです：強力な管理、旅行での使いやすさ、市場時間内・枠内の通常顧客に対する表示Standard為替手数料なし。落とし穴は、市場時間外の法定通貨両替に1%（高頻度Standard利用に0.5%）です。Wiseのカードは一致残高から、または通貨依存の手数料で両替し、ATMでは現地通貨を選ぶよう助言します。","結論は状況次第です：所得の受取やより大きく透明な送金はWiseが有利なことが多く、カード決済・サブスク・平日の旅行はRevolutが有利なことが多い。無料枠や市場時間ルールで支払いが変わるため、自分の金額・時間・プランで同時刻の見積を比較しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People deciding between Wise and Revolut","Travellers and those receiving foreign income"],"ja":["WiseとRevolutで迷う方","旅行者や外貨所得を受け取る方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Cash pickup for unbanked recipients (use a cash-network specialist)"],"ja":["銀行口座のない受取人への現金受取（現金網の専門業者を使う）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Revolut’s out-of-market-hours 1% and plan allowances change the cost; confirm current terms before assuming a free conversion."],"ja":["Revolutの市場時間外1%やプラン枠でコストが変わります。無料両替と決めつける前に最新条件を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["remit-wise-japan","remit-revolut-fees","imny-wise-limits"],"relatedProducts":["wise","revolut"],"relatedArticles":["wise-japan-review","revolut-japan-review","best-multi-currency-accounts","weekend-fx-markups"]},{"slug":"wise-vs-sbi-remit","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Wise versus SBI Remit","ja":"WiseとSBIレミットの比較"},"summary":{"en":"Bank deposit versus cash pickup, supported corridors, limits, fees, speed, and receiving capability — so family remitters can pick the right one for their destination.","ja":"銀行入金と現金受取、対応コリドー、限度、手数料、速さ、受取対応を比較し、家族送金者が仕向地に合う方を選べるように。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Wise is better for transparent bank-deposit transfers, receiving foreign income, and broad currency coverage; SBI Remit is better for cash pickup, MoneyGram reach, and Asian family-remittance corridors — compare the exact recipient amount for your destination and payout method.","ja":"Wiseは透明な銀行入金の送金・外貨所得の受取・広い通貨対応に優れ、SBIレミットは現金受取・MoneyGram網・アジアの家族送金コリドーに優れます。仕向地と受取方法で正確な受取額を比較しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Wise: transparent mid-market transfers, receiving details, Type I large transfers; not a cash-pickup network.","SBI Remit: bank deposit, cash pickup, MoneyGram reach; strong for family remittances and Southeast Asia.","SBI Remit generally caps near ¥1m per transfer and ¥5m per year; Wise supports much larger qualifying transfers.","The winner depends on payout method and corridor — compare the recipient amount, not the headline fee."],"ja":["Wise：透明な仲値送金・受取情報・Type I大口。現金受取網ではない。","SBIレミット：銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網。家族送金と東南アジアに強い。","SBIレミットは原則1回約100万円・年500万円が上限。Wiseはより大きな対象送金に対応。","勝者は受取方法とコリドー次第——表示手数料でなく受取額で比較。"]},"sections":[{"id":"differences","heading":{"en":"The core difference","ja":"中心的な違い"},"body":{"en":["Wise is a transparent transfer and multi-currency tool: mid-market rate, a visible fee, local receiving details, and Type I large transfers up to ¥150 million for qualifying cases. It is not a cash-pickup network. SBI Remit is a remittance specialist with bank deposit, cash pickup, and MoneyGram reach across roughly 200 countries/territories, generally capped near the lower of a US$10,000 equivalent and ¥1 million per transfer and about ¥5 million per calendar year.","So the choice is largely about payout method: if the recipient has a bank account and you value transparency and larger limits, Wise usually fits; if the recipient needs cash pickup or you are sending regular family support on an Asian corridor, SBI Remit is often the stronger and cheaper option."],"ja":["Wiseは透明な送金・マルチカレンシーツールです：仲値、見える手数料、現地受取情報、対象で最大1億5,000万円のType I大口。現金受取網ではありません。SBIレミットは、銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網を約200の国・地域で提供する送金専門業者で、原則1回あたり1万米ドル相当と100万円の低い方まで、暦年でおおむね500万円が上限です。","つまり選択は主に受取方法です。受取人が銀行口座を持ち、透明性と大きめの限度を重視するならWiseが向くことが多い。受取人が現金受取を必要とする、またはアジアのコリドーで定期的な家族支援を送るなら、SBIレミットの方が強く安いことが多いです。"]}},{"id":"decide","heading":{"en":"How to decide","ja":"決め方"},"body":{"en":["Compare the exact recipient amount for your destination and payout method at the same time — a bank-deposit quote from Wise against a bank-deposit or cash-pickup quote from SBI Remit. Include SBI Remit’s FX margin (not just its from-¥460 fee) and check the corridor’s cash-pickup cap and agent details if you choose cash.","For receiving a foreign salary or holding multiple currencies, Wise is the better tool; for one-way family cash to Asia, SBI Remit frequently wins. Many people keep both for different jobs."],"ja":["仕向地と受取方法で、正確な受取額を同時刻に比較しましょう——Wiseの銀行入金見積と、SBIレミットの銀行入金または現金受取見積を。SBIレミットのFXマージン（460円からの手数料だけでなく）を含め、現金なら現地の現金受取上限と代理店情報を確認しましょう。","外貨の給与受取や複数通貨の保有にはWiseが向き、アジアへの一方向の家族現金にはSBIレミットが有利なことが多いです。多くの人は用途別に両方を持ちます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People sending family support to Asia","Anyone choosing between a wallet and a remittance specialist"],"ja":["アジアへ家族支援を送る方","ウォレットと送金専門業者で迷う方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Large documented property transfers (consider a bank)"],"ja":["大口の書類を伴う不動産送金（銀行を検討）"]},"warnings":{"en":["For cash pickup, confirm the recipient’s exact legal name, the local cap, and agent hours before sending."],"ja":["現金受取では、送る前に受取人の正確な氏名・現地上限・代理店の営業時間を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["remit-wise-pricing","imny-sbi-remit","imny-wise-limits"],"relatedProducts":["wise"],"relatedArticles":["sbi-remit-review","wise-japan-review","cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","best-transfer-services-by-use-case"]},{"slug":"western-union-vs-apps","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Western Union versus remittance apps","ja":"ウエスタンユニオンと送金アプリの比較"},"summary":{"en":"When Western Union’s cash-pickup strength is worth its exchange margin, and when a bank-deposit remittance app is cheaper and more trackable.","ja":"ウエスタンユニオンの現金受取の強みが為替マージンに見合う場面と、銀行入金型の送金アプリの方が安く追跡しやすい場面。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Western Union wins for emergency cash pickup and unbanked recipients across 200+ countries, but its exchange margin often makes bank-deposit apps (Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai) cheaper when the recipient has an account.","ja":"ウエスタンユニオンは200超の国での緊急現金受取や銀行口座のない受取人に有利ですが、その為替マージンのため、受取人が口座を持つなら銀行入金型アプリ（Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai）の方が安いことが多いです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Western Union: unmatched cash-pickup reach and speed for unbanked recipients; MTCN tracking.","Apps: usually cheaper for bank-deposit payout, with clearer app tracking and the recipient amount shown up front.","Western Union states it earns from currency exchange — include the FX margin, not just the from-¥400 fee.","Choose by whether the recipient needs cash or a bank deposit, then compare a same-time quote."],"ja":["ウエスタンユニオン：銀行口座のない受取人への比類ない現金受取網と速さ。MTCN追跡。","アプリ：銀行入金では通常より安く、アプリ追跡が明快で受取額を事前表示。","ウエスタンユニオンは為替から利益を得ると明示——400円からの手数料だけでなくFXマージンを含める。","受取人が現金か銀行入金かで選び、同時刻の見積で比較。"]},"sections":[{"id":"when-wu","heading":{"en":"When Western Union is worth it","ja":"ウエスタンユニオンが見合う場面"},"body":{"en":["Western Union’s network reaches more than 200 countries with cash pickup, agent, and bank-account options, and its real edge is paying an unbanked recipient quickly, with MTCN tracking. If the person you are paying cannot receive a bank deposit, or you need cash available fast, that convenience can justify the cost.","The cost, though, includes an exchange-rate margin — Western Union expressly states it earns money from currency exchange — so a from-¥400 fee understates the total. Include the FX margin and treat promotional rates separately from standard pricing."],"ja":["ウエスタンユニオンの網は200超の国に及び、現金受取・代理店・銀行口座の手段があり、真の強みは銀行口座のない受取人へ素早く支払い、MTCNで追跡できることです。支払う相手が銀行入金を受けられない、または現金を早く用意する必要があるなら、その利便がコストに見合いえます。","ただしコストには為替マージンが含まれ——同社は為替から利益を得ると明示します——400円からの手数料は総額を過小に示します。FXマージンを含め、プロモーションレートは通常価格と分けて扱いましょう。"]}},{"id":"when-apps","heading":{"en":"When an app wins","ja":"アプリが有利な場面"},"body":{"en":["When the recipient has a bank account, a bank-deposit remittance app (Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai) is usually cheaper and more trackable, and it shows the recipient amount before you send. For recurring family support to a bank account, the app route typically beats cash pickup on cost while avoiding the fraud exposure of cash collection.","The decision rule is simple: choose by whether the recipient needs cash or a bank deposit, then compare a same-time quote for the exact corridor and payout method."],"ja":["受取人が銀行口座を持つなら、銀行入金型の送金アプリ（Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai）が通常より安く追跡しやすく、送る前に受取額を示します。銀行口座への定期的な家族支援では、アプリ経路がコストで現金受取に勝ることが多く、現金受取の詐欺リスクも避けられます。","判断ルールは単純です：受取人が現金か銀行入金かで選び、正確なコリドーと受取方法で同時刻の見積を比較しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People deciding between cash pickup and a bank-deposit app","Family remitters weighing convenience against cost"],"ja":["現金受取と銀行入金アプリで迷う方","利便とコストを比べる家族送金者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Large documented transfers (consider a bank or Type I service)"],"ja":["大口の書類を伴う送金（銀行かType Iサービスを検討）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Cash pickup carries higher fraud risk; verify the recipient independently and never share the pickup code."],"ja":["現金受取は詐欺リスクが高いです。受取人を独自に確認し、受取番号を共有しないでください。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["remit-wu-price","imny-sbi-remit","imny-dcom"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["western-union-japan-review","emergency-transfers-from-japan","transfer-scams-and-fraud","best-transfer-services-by-use-case"]},{"slug":"mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"MUFG vs SMBC vs Mizuho international transfers","ja":"三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほの海外送金比較"},"summary":{"en":"The three megabanks compared on outgoing fees, FX margins, online access, currencies, incoming costs, and English support — with the shared caveat that specialists usually beat all three on small transfers.","ja":"3メガバンクを、仕向手数料・FXマージン・オンライン対応・通貨・被仕向コスト・英語対応で比較。小口では専門業者が3行すべてに勝ることが多いという共通の注意点つき。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"MUFG has the lowest online outgoing fees (¥2,500–¥3,000) and English Web Support Plus, SMBC offers seven currencies with published ~¥1/USD margins, and Mizuho’s app transfer is ¥5,000 — but on small transfers a specialist usually beats all three.","ja":"MUFGはオンライン仕向手数料が最も低く（2,500〜3,000円）英語のWeb Support Plusがあり、SMBCは7通貨と公表の約1ドル1円マージン、みずほのアプリ送金は5,000円です。ただし小口では専門業者が3行すべてに勝ることが多いです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["MUFG online: ¥2,500 to MUFG entities, ¥3,000 to other banks; recipient-paid fees only online; English Web Support Plus.","SMBC online: ¥3,000/¥3,500; seven sending currencies; published margins ~¥1/USD and ~¥1.40/EUR; recall ¥4,000.","Mizuho app transfer ¥5,000; branch ¥8,000–¥8,500; recall ¥5,500; My Number required at all three.","For small transfers, fixed fees and FX margins mean a specialist usually beats all three megabanks."],"ja":["MUFGオンライン：MUFG拠点へ2,500円、他行へ3,000円。オンラインは受取人負担のみ。英語のWeb Support Plus。","SMBCオンライン：3,000/3,500円。送金7通貨。公表マージン約1ドル1円・約1ユーロ1.40円。組戻4,000円。","みずほアプリ送金5,000円、店頭8,000〜8,500円、組戻5,500円。3行ともマイナンバー必須。","小口では定額手数料とFXマージンにより、専門業者が3メガバンクに勝ることが多い。"]},"sections":[{"id":"fees-fx","heading":{"en":"Fees, FX, and channels","ja":"手数料・FX・チャネル"},"body":{"en":["MUFG has the lowest online outgoing fees — ¥2,500 to specified MUFG overseas entities and ¥3,000 to other banks — but MUFG Direct supports recipient-paid fees only (a sender-paid correspondent option needs a branch). SMBC online is ¥3,000 to SMBC entities and ¥3,500 to other banks, offers seven sending currencies, and publishes FX margins of about ¥1 per USD and ¥1.40 per EUR, with recall/amendment at ¥4,000. Mizuho’s app transfer is ¥5,000, branch is ¥8,000–¥8,500, and recall is ¥5,500.","All three require My Number and beneficiary registration, and all are migrating to ISO 20022, which can add setup time. Incoming charges differ (SMBC generally ¥1,500 for foreign-to-yen; Mizuho generally ¥2,500), so check the receipt-time schedule — MUFG announced 2026 revisions."],"ja":["MUFGはオンライン仕向手数料が最も低く——指定のMUFG海外拠点へ2,500円、他行へ3,000円——ただしMUFG Directは受取人負担のみ（送金人負担のコルレスは店頭が必要）。SMBCオンラインはSMBC拠点へ3,000円・他行へ3,500円、送金7通貨、公表FXマージンは約1ドル1円・約1ユーロ1.40円、組戻/内容変更4,000円。みずほのアプリ送金は5,000円、店頭8,000〜8,500円、組戻5,500円です。","3行ともマイナンバーと受取人登録が必要で、いずれもISO 20022へ移行中のため準備時間が増えることがあります。被仕向手数料は異なり（SMBCは外貨→円で原則1,500円、みずほは原則2,500円）、受取時の料金表を確認しましょう——MUFGは2026年の改定を告知しています。"]}},{"id":"verdict","heading":{"en":"Which to use","ja":"どれを使うか"},"body":{"en":["Among the three, MUFG is usually cheapest online for a straightforward recipient-paid transfer and offers English Web Support Plus; SMBC suits people who want seven currencies and published margins; Mizuho fits existing Mizuho customers using the app. For all three, large transfers make the FX margin the main cost, so ask about a negotiated rate.","The shared caveat: for small personal remittances, a specialist that collects and pays locally usually beats all three megabanks on total cost. Use a megabank when you need a SWIFT wire, formal proof, seven-currency support, or a large documented transfer."],"ja":["3行の中では、MUFGが単純な受取人負担の送金でオンライン最安のことが多く、英語のWeb Support Plusがあります。SMBCは7通貨と公表マージンを求める人に向き、みずほはアプリを使うみずほ既存顧客に向きます。3行とも大口ではFXマージンが主コストなので、交渉レートを尋ねましょう。","共通の注意点：小口の個人送金では、現地で集金・支払する専門業者が総コストで3メガバンクに勝ることが多いです。SWIFT送金・正式な証明・7通貨対応・大口の書類を伴う送金が必要なときにメガバンクを使いましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Megabank customers comparing international-transfer options","People needing a SWIFT wire from a major bank"],"ja":["海外送金の選択肢を比べるメガバンク顧客","メガバンクからSWIFT送金が必要な方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Small personal remittances (a specialist usually wins)"],"ja":["小口の個人送金（専門業者が有利なことが多い）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Fee schedules are being revised in 2026 and setup times vary — reverify the current pages before sending."],"ja":["料金表は2026年に改定中で準備時間も異なります。送る前に最新ページを再確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["imny-mufg-remit","imny-smbc-remit","imny-mizuho-remit"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["mufg-international-transfers","smbc-international-transfers","mizuho-international-transfers","banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},{"slug":"prestia-vs-sony-bank","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"PRESTIA versus Sony Bank","ja":"プレスティアとソニー銀行の比較"},"summary":{"en":"Two English-friendly, foreign-currency-strong banks compared on support, deposits, receiving income, transfer fees, debit cards, and account requirements.","ja":"英語に強く外貨に強い2行を、サポート・預金・所得受取・送金手数料・デビットカード・口座要件で比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"PRESTIA leads on English service, MultiMoney accounts, and GLOBAL PASS but bars online business-purpose transfers; Sony Bank leads on around-the-clock online remittance, eleven sending currencies, and the Sony Bank WALLET — pick by whether you value English branch support or online foreign-currency automation.","ja":"プレスティアは英語対応・MultiMoney口座・GLOBAL PASSに優れますがオンラインの事業目的送金を禁じます。ソニー銀行は24時間のオンライン送金・11の送金通貨・Sony Bank WALLETに優れます。英語の店舗サポートか、オンラインの外貨自動化かで選びましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["PRESTIA: strong English support, MultiMoney foreign-currency accounts, GLOBAL PASS debit; online business-purpose transfers prohibited.","Sony Bank: around-the-clock online remittance (¥3,000, some free at Club S Platinum), eleven sending currencies, Sony Bank WALLET.","Both receive foreign income; both offer multi-currency debit cards with no bank-side transaction fee on their card at ATMs (owner/exchange charges may apply).","Choose PRESTIA for English branch/tiered service, Sony for online foreign-currency automation."],"ja":["プレスティア：強い英語対応、MultiMoney外貨口座、GLOBAL PASSデビット。オンラインの事業目的送金は不可。","ソニー銀行：24時間のオンライン送金（3,000円、Club S Platinumで一部無料）、11の送金通貨、Sony Bank WALLET。","両行とも外貨所得を受取可。両行ともマルチカレンシーデビットを提供し、ATMで自行カードの銀行側取引手数料なし（運営者・両替手数料は生じうる）。","英語の店舗・階層サービスならプレスティア、オンラインの外貨自動化ならソニー。"]},"sections":[{"id":"compare","heading":{"en":"How they compare","ja":"比較"},"body":{"en":["PRESTIA (SMBC Trust Bank) is built around English service and foreign currency: MultiMoney accounts hold multiple currencies, GLOBAL PASS is a multi-currency Visa debit with no listed bank transaction fee, and fee tiers reward a relationship balance (standard online ¥3,500, ¥2,000 at a ¥1m balance, free for Gold). The key limit is that online transfers cannot be used for corporate accounts or business-purpose funds.","Sony Bank is built around online foreign-currency automation: online remittance around the clock at ¥3,000 (up to three free monthly at Club S Platinum), eleven sending currencies, and the Sony Bank WALLET, which spends directly from ten foreign-currency balances (1.79% only when there is no matching balance). Both banks can receive foreign salary and pensions subject to review."],"ja":["プレスティア（SMBC信託銀行）は英語対応と外貨を軸にします：MultiMoney口座は複数通貨を保有、GLOBAL PASSは銀行取引手数料の掲示なしのマルチカレンシーVisaデビット、手数料階層は取引残高を優遇（標準オンライン3,500円、100万円残高で2,000円、Goldは無料）。重要な制限は、オンライン送金を法人口座・事業目的資金に使えないことです。","ソニー銀行はオンラインの外貨自動化を軸にします：24時間のオンライン送金3,000円（Club S Platinumで月3回まで無料）、11の送金通貨、10の外貨残高から直接支払うSony Bank WALLET（一致残高がない場合のみ1.79%）。両行とも、審査を前提に外貨の給与・年金を受け取れます。"]}},{"id":"choose","heading":{"en":"Which fits you","ja":"どちらが合うか"},"body":{"en":["Choose PRESTIA if you value English-language branch and phone support, tiered benefits tied to a relationship balance, and a foreign-currency banking relationship. Choose Sony Bank if you want strong online foreign-currency automation, more sending currencies, and a wallet card that spends directly from foreign-currency deposits.","For a freelancer or business, note PRESTIA’s online business-purpose restriction and confirm the permitted channel; for a traveller actively managing foreign-currency balances, the Sony Bank WALLET is a standout."],"ja":["英語の店舗・電話サポート、取引残高に連動する階層特典、外貨バンキングの関係を重視するならプレスティア。強力なオンライン外貨自動化、より多い送金通貨、外貨預金から直接支払うウォレットカードが欲しいならソニー銀行を選びましょう。","フリーランスや事業者は、プレスティアのオンライン事業目的制限に留意し許可された経路を確認を。外貨残高を能動的に管理する旅行者には、Sony Bank WALLETが際立ちます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["English-speaking residents wanting foreign-currency banking","People receiving foreign income or spending abroad"],"ja":["外貨バンキングを求める英語話者の居住者","外貨所得を受け取る・海外で使う方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Corporate/business-purpose online transfers at PRESTIA"],"ja":["プレスティアでの法人・事業目的のオンライン送金"]},"warnings":{"en":["PRESTIA online transfers are prohibited for business-purpose funds; confirm the correct channel before use."],"ja":["プレスティアのオンライン送金は事業目的資金に使えません。使う前に正しい経路を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["remit-prestia-guide","remit-sony-guide","card-prestia-globalpass","card-sony-wallet"],"relatedProducts":["smbc-prestia","sony-bank"],"relatedArticles":["prestia-international-transfers","sony-bank-international-transfers","best-multi-currency-accounts","best-overseas-cards"]},{"slug":"rakuten-vs-japan-post","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Rakuten Bank versus Japan Post Bank international transfers","ja":"楽天銀行とゆうちょ銀行の海外送金比較"},"summary":{"en":"Two very different online-accessible options: Rakuten’s low ¥750 headline fee with mandatory JPY funding versus Japan Post Bank’s Japanese-only interface and USD/EUR-limited receiving.","ja":"オンラインで使える対照的な2つ：楽天の低い750円の表示手数料（円建て資金調達が必須）と、日本語のみの画面・米ドル/ユーロ限定受取のゆうちょ銀行。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Rakuten Bank has a low ¥750 outgoing headline fee but requires JPY funding and adds optional/JPY-remittance fees, while Japan Post Bank is ¥3,000 with a Japanese-only outgoing interface and USD/EUR-only incoming — so Rakuten usually wins on cost if you fund from yen and read the full fee stack.","ja":"楽天銀行は仕向の表示手数料が750円と低いですが円建て資金調達が必要で任意/円建て送金の手数料が加わり、ゆうちょ銀行は3,000円で送金画面は日本語のみ・受取は米ドル/ユーロのみです。円から入金し全手数料を読むなら、楽天がコストで有利なことが多いです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Rakuten Bank: ¥750 outgoing headline fee, but foreign-currency transfers must be funded by converting from the JPY account; optional intermediary fee ¥1,000; JPY-denominated remittance adds ¥3,000.","Japan Post Bank: ¥3,000 outgoing, Japanese-only interface; incoming supports USD and EUR only with disclosed correspondent deductions.","Both require My Number; both may deduct recipient-bank charges.","Rakuten usually wins on cost from yen; Japan Post suits existing customers comfortable with the Japanese interface."],"ja":["楽天銀行：仕向の表示手数料750円だが、外貨送金は円口座からの両替で資金調達が必要。任意の中継手数料1,000円、円建て送金は＋3,000円。","ゆうちょ銀行：仕向3,000円、画面は日本語のみ。受取は米ドル・ユーロのみで中継控除を開示。","両行ともマイナンバー必須。両行とも受取銀行手数料が差し引かれうる。","円からなら楽天がコストで有利なことが多い。ゆうちょは日本語画面で問題ない既存顧客に向く。"]},"sections":[{"id":"compare","heading":{"en":"How they compare","ja":"比較"},"body":{"en":["Rakuten Bank advertises a low ¥750 outgoing fee and more than 60 currencies to 200+ countries, but the details matter: foreign-currency outgoing transfers must be funded by converting from the JPY account (you cannot send an existing foreign-currency deposit directly), an optional sender-paid intermediary fee is ¥1,000, and a JPY-denominated overseas remittance adds ¥3,000. Bank review occurs on business days and may require invoices or explanations.","Japan Post Bank charges ¥3,000 outgoing at its published rate, but the outgoing website is Japanese-only and some fields must be entered in Japanese. Its incoming English instructions support only USD and EUR (BIC JPPSJPJ2) with disclosed correspondent deductions of $10 and €5. Both require My Number and may pass on recipient-bank charges."],"ja":["楽天銀行は仕向手数料750円と60超の通貨・200超の国をうたいますが、詳細が重要です：外貨の仕向送金は円口座からの両替で資金調達が必要（既存の外貨預金を直接送れない）、任意の送金人負担の中継手数料1,000円、円建ての海外送金は＋3,000円。銀行審査は営業日に行われ、請求書や説明が必要なことがあります。","ゆうちょ銀行は公表レートで仕向3,000円ですが、送金サイトは日本語のみで一部の入力は日本語が必要です。英語の受取指示は米ドル・ユーロのみ（BIC JPPSJPJ2）で、10ドル・5ユーロの中継控除を開示します。両行ともマイナンバーが必要で、受取銀行手数料を転嫁しえます。"]}},{"id":"verdict","heading":{"en":"Which to choose","ja":"どちらを選ぶか"},"body":{"en":["If you fund from yen and read the full fee stack, Rakuten Bank usually wins on cost, and its interface is more accessible. Japan Post Bank suits existing customers who are comfortable with the Japanese-only outgoing interface, or recipients who specifically need a Japan Post account and can work in USD or EUR.","For either, the exchange rate and any recipient-bank deduction still determine the total, so compare the recipient amount rather than the headline fee — and for small transfers, a specialist may beat both."],"ja":["円から入金し全手数料を読むなら、楽天銀行がコストで有利なことが多く、画面も使いやすいです。ゆうちょ銀行は、日本語のみの送金画面で問題ない既存顧客や、ゆうちょ口座が特に必要で米ドル・ユーロで対応できる受取人に向きます。","どちらでも、為替レートと受取銀行控除が総額を左右するため、表示手数料でなく受取額で比較を——小口では専門業者が両行に勝ることもあります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Rakuten Bank or Japan Post Bank customers sending abroad","People comparing low-fee online bank options"],"ja":["海外送金する楽天銀行・ゆうちょ銀行の顧客","低手数料のオンライン銀行を比べる方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Non-Japanese readers needing an English outgoing interface at Japan Post"],"ja":["ゆうちょの英語送金画面が必要な日本語を読めない方"]},"warnings":{"en":["Rakuten’s ¥750 is only the headline; JPY funding, FX, an optional intermediary fee, and recipient charges determine the real cost."],"ja":["楽天の750円は表示だけです。円建て資金調達・FX・任意の中継手数料・受取手数料が実コストを決めます。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["imny-rakuten-remit","imny-jpbank-remit","imny-jpbank-receive"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-bank","japan-post-bank"],"relatedArticles":["japan-post-bank-international-transfers","incoming-bank-fees","cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan"]},{"slug":"payoneer-vs-wise-vs-paypal","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Payoneer vs Wise Business vs PayPal","ja":"Payoneer・Wiseビジネス・PayPalの比較"},"summary":{"en":"Three ways for freelancers and businesses to get paid by international clients — compared on client friction, receiving details, fees, withdrawals, disputes, and accounting.","ja":"フリーランス・事業者が海外クライアントから支払いを受ける3つの方法を、クライアントの手間・受取情報・手数料・出金・紛争・会計で比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Wise Business gives transparent conversion and local receiving details, Payoneer is strong for marketplaces and clients wanting local account details, and PayPal is best where clients already use it and buyer/seller disputes matter — but is often costlier for routine conversion.","ja":"Wiseビジネスは透明な両替と現地受取情報、Payoneerはマーケットプレイスや現地口座を望むクライアントに強く、PayPalはクライアントが既に使い買い手/売り手の紛争が重要な場面で最適ですが、日常の両替では割高になりがちです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Wise Business: mid-market conversion, local receiving details, transparent fees; good for transparent invoicing.","Payoneer: marketplace receipts and local account details in currencies including USD, EUR, GBP, JPY, CAD; withdrawal/payment charges vary.","PayPal: convenient where clients already use it and disputes matter, but cross-border and conversion fees can be higher.","Choose by client friction, conversion cost, withdrawal fee, dispute rights, reserve/review risk, and accounting export."],"ja":["Wiseビジネス：仲値の両替、現地受取情報、透明な手数料。透明な請求に向く。","Payoneer：マーケットプレイスの受取と、米ドル・ユーロ・英ポンド・円・加ドル等での現地口座情報。出金/支払手数料は様々。","PayPal：クライアントが既に使い紛争が重要な場面で便利だが、越境・両替手数料が高くなりうる。","クライアントの手間・両替コスト・出金手数料・紛争の権利・留保/審査リスク・会計取り込みで選ぶ。"]},"sections":[{"id":"compare","heading":{"en":"How they compare","ja":"比較"},"body":{"en":["Wise Business converts at the mid-market rate with a transparent fee and can give clients local receiving details, which reduces friction and avoids some correspondent deductions — a clean choice for straightforward invoicing. Payoneer is strong for marketplaces and clients who prefer to pay local account details; it describes receiving accounts in currencies including USD, EUR, GBP, JPY, and CAD, with published global pricing that includes currency-balance conversion around 0.5% and various withdrawal/payment charges (your signed-in pricing controls).","PayPal is convenient where clients already use it and where buyer/seller dispute tools matter, and it displays its conversion rate before payment. It is often less cost-efficient for routine currency conversion than a bank-funded specialist transfer, so weigh the dispute protection against the conversion cost."],"ja":["Wiseビジネスは仲値で両替し透明な手数料で、クライアントに現地受取情報を渡せて手間を減らし一部の中継控除を避けます——単純な請求に明快な選択です。Payoneerはマーケットプレイスや現地口座での支払を好むクライアントに強く、米ドル・ユーロ・英ポンド・円・加ドル等の受取口座を提供し、公表の世界価格には残高両替の約0.5%や各種の出金/支払手数料が含まれます（ログイン後の価格が優先）。","PayPalは、クライアントが既に使い買い手/売り手の紛争ツールが重要な場面で便利で、支払前に両替レートを表示します。日常の両替では銀行入金の専門業者送金より割高なことが多いので、紛争保護と両替コストを比べましょう。"]}},{"id":"choose","heading":{"en":"Choosing and protecting yourself","ja":"選び方と自衛"},"body":{"en":["Decide on client payment friction (what your client will actually use), conversion cost, withdrawal fee, dispute rights, reserve/review risk, and how cleanly each exports to your accounting. Many freelancers keep two — a primary invoicing channel plus a backup for clients who insist on a particular platform.","Whichever you use, keep contracts, invoices, delivery evidence, and platform statements. Account-review risk is reduced by a clean paper trail, and business income can be taxable even when paid abroad or held in a foreign balance."],"ja":["クライアントの支払の手間（実際に何を使うか）、両替コスト、出金手数料、紛争の権利、留保/審査リスク、会計への取り込みやすさで決めましょう。多くのフリーランスは2つ持ちます——主たる請求チャネルと、特定プラットフォームを求めるクライアント向けのバックアップ。","どれを使っても、契約・請求書・納品証拠・プラットフォーム明細を残しましょう。きれいな証跡で口座審査リスクは下がり、事業収入は海外払いや外貨残高保有でも課税されえます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Freelancers and small businesses with overseas clients","People choosing a primary invoicing platform"],"ja":["海外クライアントを持つフリーランス・小規模事業者","主たる請求プラットフォームを選ぶ方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Family remittances (use a remittance specialist)"],"ja":["家族送金（送金専門業者を使う）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Signed-in pricing and reserve/review policies vary by account — confirm your own terms before relying on a fee figure."],"ja":["ログイン後の価格や留保/審査方針は口座ごとに異なります。手数料を当てにする前に自分の条件を確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["imny-payoneer","wise-business","imny-paypal-jp"],"relatedProducts":["wise-business","wise"],"relatedArticles":["freelance-payments-from-overseas","receive-international-transfer","foreign-salary-in-japan"]},{"slug":"incoming-bank-fees","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Incoming international transfer fees at Japanese banks","ja":"日本の銀行の被仕向（受取）手数料"},"summary":{"en":"What it costs to receive money from abroad — incoming handling fees, conversion charges, same-currency and lifting fees, and intermediary deductions — compared across major banks.","ja":"海外からお金を受け取るコスト——被仕向手数料・両替手数料・同一通貨/リフティング手数料・中継控除——を主要行で比較。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Receiving a foreign transfer usually costs an incoming handling fee (roughly ¥1,500–¥2,500 at major banks) plus possible conversion or lifting charges and intermediary deductions the sender’s bank cannot see — so confirm the accepted currency and expect the credited amount to be a little less than sent.","ja":"海外送金の受取は通常、被仕向手数料（主要行で概ね1,500〜2,500円）に加え、両替やリフティングの手数料、送金側銀行に見えない中継控除がかかりえます。対応通貨を確認し、入金額が送金額よりやや少なくなると想定しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Major banks charge an incoming handling fee: SMBC generally ¥1,500 for foreign-to-yen; Mizuho generally ¥2,500; SBI Shinsei around ¥2,000.","Same-currency or yen receipts can attract a lifting charge of about 0.05% (minimum ~¥2,500) depending on the route.","Intermediary banks may deduct fees the sender cannot see; Japan Post discloses $10 (USD) and €5 (EUR).","Confirm the accepted currency — Japan Post Bank incoming English instructions support USD and EUR only."],"ja":["主要行は被仕向手数料を課す：SMBCは外貨→円で原則1,500円、みずほは原則2,500円、SBI新生は約2,000円。","同一通貨や円の受取は、経路により約0.05%（最低約2,500円）のリフティング手数料が生じうる。","中継銀行は送り手に見えない手数料を差し引きうる。ゆうちょは10ドル（米ドル）・5ユーロ（ユーロ）を開示。","対応通貨を確認——ゆうちょの英語受取指示は米ドル・ユーロのみ。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-you-pay","heading":{"en":"What you pay to receive","ja":"受取に払うもの"},"body":{"en":["Receiving an international transfer is not free. Major banks charge an incoming handling fee — SMBC generally ¥1,500 for a foreign-currency-to-yen receipt, Mizuho generally ¥2,500, and SBI Shinsei around a ¥2,000 equivalent (with a later rebate for Silver and higher Step Up tiers under the cited schedule). Same-currency or yen international receipts can also attract a lifting charge of about 0.05% with a minimum near ¥2,500, depending on the route.","On top of the receiving bank’s fee, intermediary (correspondent) banks may deduct charges the sender’s bank cannot see in advance. Japan Post Bank discloses fixed correspondent deductions of $10 on qualifying USD receipts and €5 on qualifying EUR receipts, and warns more may apply — which is why a credited amount can be a little less than what was sent."],"ja":["海外送金の受取は無料ではありません。主要行は被仕向手数料を課します——SMBCは外貨→円の受取で原則1,500円、みずほは原則2,500円、SBI新生は約2,000円相当（掲載の制度でSilver以上のStep Up階層は後日リベート）。同一通貨や円の国際受取も、経路により最低約2,500円の約0.05%のリフティング手数料が生じえます。","受取銀行の手数料に加え、中継（コルレス）銀行が送り手の銀行に事前に見えない手数料を差し引きえます。ゆうちょ銀行は、対象の米ドル受取に10ドル、ユーロ受取に5ユーロの定額中継控除を開示し、さらに生じうると注意します。だから入金額が送金額よりやや少なくなることがあります。"]}},{"id":"reduce","heading":{"en":"Reducing incoming cost","ja":"受取コストを減らす"},"body":{"en":["Confirm the accepted currency before directing a payment — Japan Post Bank incoming English instructions support only USD and EUR, and a mismatch can cause a return. Where you can, receive in a currency your account supports to avoid a forced conversion, or use a platform’s local receiving details (Wise, Payoneer) to sidestep some correspondent deductions.","For a salary or pension you will receive repeatedly, check the current incoming-fee page and any tier rebate, and re-verify figures at receipt time — some banks (for example Rakuten Bank’s cited individual incoming fee) publish figures that should be rechecked on the transaction date."],"ja":["支払を指定する前に対応通貨を確認しましょう——ゆうちょ銀行の英語受取指示は米ドル・ユーロのみで、不一致は返送を招きえます。可能なら口座が対応する通貨で受け取り強制両替を避けるか、プラットフォームの現地受取情報（Wise・Payoneer）を使い一部の中継控除を回避しましょう。","繰り返し受け取る給与や年金は、最新の被仕向手数料ページと階層リベートを確認し、受取時に数値を再確認しましょう。一部の銀行（例：楽天銀行の個人被仕向手数料）は、取引日に再確認すべき数値を公表しています。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People receiving salary, pensions, or family support from abroad","Anyone whose receipt arrived short"],"ja":["海外から給与・年金・家族支援を受け取る方","受取が目減りした方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Determining an exact quote — confirm the current schedule at receipt time"],"ja":["正確な見積の確定（受取時に最新の料金表を確認）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Published incoming fees change and intermediary deductions vary — reverify before directing a recurring payment."],"ja":["公表の被仕向手数料は変わり、中継控除も様々です。定期的な支払を指定する前に再確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["imny-smbc-remit","imny-mizuho-remit","imny-shinsei-remit","imny-jpbank-receive"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["receive-international-transfer","intermediary-bank-fees","foreign-salary-in-japan"]},{"slug":"are-transfers-taxable","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Are international transfers taxable in Japan?","ja":"海外送金は日本で課税される？"},"summary":{"en":"Why moving money is usually not the taxable event, and how tax instead follows the underlying transaction — salary, gift, inheritance, a loan, business income, or your own savings.","ja":"お金の移動自体は通常課税事由でない理由と、税務が代わりに元の取引——給与・贈与・相続・借入・事業所得・自分の貯蓄——に従う仕組み。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The act of moving money is usually not the taxable event; tax follows the underlying transaction — salary is income, a gratuitous transfer may be a gift, inherited funds may involve inheritance tax, an asset sale may be a gain — and moving your own savings between accounts is generally not new income.","ja":"お金を移すこと自体は通常課税事由ではありません。税務は元の取引に従います——給与は所得、無償の移転は贈与になりうる、相続資金は相続税が関わりうる、資産売却は譲渡益になりうる——そして自分の貯蓄を口座間で移すのは通常は新たな所得ではありません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The transfer itself is usually not taxed — the underlying event is what matters.","Salary is income; a gratuitous transfer may be a gift; inheritance may involve inheritance tax; a sale may create a gain.","Moving your own savings between your accounts is generally not new income, but the original source keeps its tax character.","Residence status (resident, non-permanent resident, nonresident) changes what is taxable — this is educational, not advice."],"ja":["送金自体は通常課税されない——重要なのは元の事象。","給与は所得、無償の移転は贈与になりうる、相続は相続税が関わりうる、売却は譲渡益を生みうる。","自分の貯蓄を自分の口座間で移すのは通常は新たな所得でないが、元の源泉は税務上の性質を保つ。","居住区分（居住者・非永住者・非居住者）で課税対象が変わる——本内容は教育目的で助言ではない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"follow-the-source","heading":{"en":"Tax follows the source, not the transfer","ja":"税務は送金でなく源泉に従う"},"body":{"en":["Sending or receiving money is usually not itself a taxable event. What matters is the underlying transaction. Salary is income; a gratuitous transfer may be a gift; inherited funds may involve inheritance tax; the sale of an asset may generate a capital gain; and business revenue remains business income. Moving one’s own existing savings between accounts is different from receiving new income and generally does not itself create tax.","That is why receiving a large transfer does not automatically create a liability, and why sending your own money abroad is not automatically taxed. But the original character travels with the money: interest, gains, salary, gifts, or inheritance retain their tax treatment even after a transfer."],"ja":["お金を送る・受け取ること自体は通常課税事由ではありません。重要なのは元の取引です。給与は所得、無償の移転は贈与になりうる、相続資金は相続税が関わりうる、資産売却は譲渡益を生みうる、事業収入は事業所得のまま。自分の既存の貯蓄を口座間で移すのは新たな所得の受取とは異なり、通常それ自体は課税を生みません。","だから大口の受取が自動的に納税義務を生むわけではなく、自分のお金を海外に送っても自動的に課税されるわけではありません。ただし元の性質はお金とともに移動します：利子・利得・給与・贈与・相続は、送金後も税務上の扱いを保ちます。"]}},{"id":"residence-and-help","heading":{"en":"Residence status and when to get help","ja":"居住区分と専門家に相談すべき場面"},"body":{"en":["Your residence status changes what is taxable. Residents other than non-permanent residents are generally taxed on worldwide income; non-permanent residents are taxed on non-foreign-source income, foreign-source income paid in Japan, and foreign-source income paid abroad to the extent treated as remitted under a statutory calculation; nonresidents are generally taxed on Japanese-source income. The non-permanent-resident remittance rule is not a simple “same dollars entered Japan” tracing test.","This page is educational and cannot determine your liability. Get a Japan international-tax professional before relying on non-remittance treatment, or for large gifts, inheritance, property, trusts, foreign companies, crypto, stock options, or U.S. reporting. Keep the originating documents — payslips, contracts, sale agreements, probate papers, and the exchange rate used — because a remittance receipt alone is not sufficient tax evidence."],"ja":["居住区分で課税対象が変わります。非永住者以外の居住者は原則、全世界所得に課税。非永住者は、国外源泉でない所得、国内で支払われた国外源泉所得、そして法定計算で送金扱いされる範囲の国外で支払われた国外源泉所得に課税。非居住者は原則、日本源泉所得に課税されます。非永住者の送金ルールは「同じドルが日本に入った」という単純な追跡判定ではありません。","本ページは教育目的で、納税額を判断できません。非送金扱いに頼る前や、大きな贈与・相続・不動産・信託・外国法人・暗号資産・ストックオプション・米国申告については、日本の国際税務の専門家に相談を。給与明細・契約・売買契約・検認書類・使用した為替レートなど元の書類を残しましょう。送金の控えだけでは税務証拠として不十分です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People worried a transfer creates tax","Anyone moving savings or receiving money from abroad"],"ja":["送金が課税を生むか不安な方","貯蓄を移す・海外からお金を受け取る方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Determining your exact liability — see a cross-border tax professional"],"ja":["正確な納税額の判断（クロスボーダー税務の専門家へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["This is educational, not tax advice; non-permanent-resident, gift, inheritance, and U.S. situations need a professional."],"ja":["本内容は教育目的で税務助言ではありません。非永住者・贈与・相続・米国のケースは専門家が必要です。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["nta-nonresident","nta-gift-tax","nta-foreign-assets"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["cross-border-gift-tax","foreign-salary-in-japan","receive-international-transfer"]},{"slug":"cross-border-gift-tax","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Cross-border gift tax in Japan","ja":"日本の国際贈与税"},"summary":{"en":"How Japan’s calendar-year gift-tax system works — the ¥1.1 million basic exemption, recipient-based calculation, and the residence/nationality factors — and when a cross-border gift needs professional advice.","ja":"日本の暦年課税の贈与税——110万円の基礎控除、受贈者ベースの計算、居住・国籍の要素——と、国際贈与で専門家の助言が必要な場面。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Under Japan’s calendar-year system, a ¥1.1 million basic exemption is subtracted from the total gifts a person receives in the year, and the recipient is generally the taxpayer — but residence, nationality, and property location can change the result, so large cross-border gifts need professional advice.","ja":"日本の暦年課税では、その年に受け取った贈与の合計から110万円の基礎控除が差し引かれ、原則として受贈者が納税者です。ただし居住・国籍・財産の所在で結果が変わるため、大きな国際贈与は専門家の助言が必要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The basic exemption is generally ¥1.1 million of total gifts received per recipient per calendar year — not per donor.","The recipient is generally the relevant taxpayer under the ordinary calendar-year system.","Residence history, nationality, donor status, and property location can all change the outcome.","Genuine ordinary living or education support can be treated differently from an unrestricted gift, but facts and timing matter."],"ja":["基礎控除は原則、受贈者1人・暦年あたり受け取った贈与の合計110万円——贈与者ごとではない。","通常の暦年課税では、原則として受贈者が納税者。","居住歴・国籍・贈与者の状況・財産の所在が、いずれも結果を変えうる。","真の通常の生活・教育の支援は、無制限の贈与と異なる扱いになりうるが、事実と時期が重要。"]},"sections":[{"id":"system","heading":{"en":"How the exemption works","ja":"控除の仕組み"},"body":{"en":["Japan’s calendar-year gift-tax system generally subtracts a ¥1.1 million basic exemption from the total gifts a person receives during the calendar year. Crucially, this is per recipient, not per donor — you do not get a fresh ¥1.1 million allowance for each person who gives you money. The recipient is generally the relevant taxpayer under the ordinary system.","Citizenship, domicile, residence history, donor status, property location, special exemptions, and the inheritance-settlement election can all change the outcome, especially for cross-border gifts where the giver and receiver are in different countries or one party recently moved."],"ja":["日本の暦年課税の贈与税は、原則としてその暦年に受け取った贈与の合計から110万円の基礎控除を差し引きます。重要なのは、これは受贈者ごとであって贈与者ごとではない点です——お金をくれる人ごとに新たな110万円の枠がもらえるわけではありません。通常の制度では、原則として受贈者が納税者です。","国籍・住所・居住歴・贈与者の状況・財産の所在・特例・相続時精算課税の選択などが、いずれも結果を変ええます。特に、贈与者と受贈者が別の国にいる、または一方が最近移住した国際贈与では重要です。"]}},{"id":"support-and-advice","heading":{"en":"Family support and when to get advice","ja":"家族支援と助言が必要な場面"},"body":{"en":["Genuine payments for ordinary living or education can receive different treatment from an unrestricted gift, but the facts, timing, necessity, and direct use matter. Large accumulated transfers, funding a property purchase, funding investments, or payments beyond normal support can look like gifts and require professional review. For certain Japanese dependent-deduction claims involving overseas relatives, the NTA requires relationship and remittance documentation, with additional rules for some relatives aged 30 to 69, including a ¥380,000 remittance condition unless another exception applies.","This page is educational and cannot determine your liability. Before making or receiving a large cross-border gift — or funding a property purchase for a family member — consult a Japanese tax professional, and keep evidence of the relationship, purpose, and use of the funds."],"ja":["真の通常の生活・教育のための支払は、無制限の贈与と異なる扱いになりうますが、事実・時期・必要性・直接の使途が重要です。大きな累積の移転、不動産購入の資金、投資の資金、通常の支援を超える支払は贈与に見えることがあり、専門家の確認が必要です。海外の親族が関わる一部の扶養控除の申告では、NTAは関係と送金の書類を求め、30〜69歳の一部の親族には、別の例外がない限り38万円の送金要件などの追加ルールがあります。","本ページは教育目的で、納税額を判断できません。大きな国際贈与を行う・受け取る前、または家族の不動産購入に資金を出す前に、日本の税理士に相談し、関係・目的・資金の使途の証拠を残しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People giving or receiving a cross-border gift","Families funding a relative’s home or education"],"ja":["国際贈与を行う・受け取る方","親族の住宅・教育に資金を出す家族"]},"notFor":{"en":["Calculating your exact gift tax — see a tax professional"],"ja":["正確な贈与税の計算（税理士へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["The ¥1.1 million exemption is per recipient per year, not per donor; large gifts and property funding need professional advice."],"ja":["110万円の控除は受贈者・年ごとであり贈与者ごとではありません。大きな贈与や不動産資金は専門家の助言が必要です。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["nta-gift-tax","nta-dependent-deduction"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["are-transfers-taxable","large-transfers-from-japan","source-of-funds-and-purpose"]},{"slug":"transfer-delayed-account-frozen","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Why international transfers get delayed or accounts frozen","ja":"海外送金が遅延・口座が凍結される理由"},"summary":{"en":"The common triggers — name mismatches, expired documents, unusual amounts, unclear purposes, third-party funds, and sanctions matches — and the corrective evidence that clears each one.","ja":"よくある引き金——氏名不一致・期限切れ書類・通常と異なる金額・不明確な目的・第三者資金・制裁該当——と、それぞれを解消する是正証拠。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Transfers stall or accounts freeze when something looks inconsistent — a name mismatch, an expired residence card, an amount out of line with income, a vague purpose, third-party funds, or a sanctions match — and each is cleared with specific corrective evidence, not by trying again.","ja":"氏名不一致・期限切れの在留カード・収入に見合わない金額・曖昧な目的・第三者資金・制裁該当など、何かが不整合に見えると送金は止まり口座は凍結されます。各々は再試行ではなく特定の是正証拠で解消されます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Name mismatches across account, residence card, and beneficiary record are a leading cause — fix with official name evidence.","Expired residence cards or outdated addresses stall transfers — renew and update your registered details.","Amounts inconsistent with income, vague purposes, or third-party funds trigger review — supply documents, not a retry.","Sanctions or high-risk matches may need extra evidence, and some payments remain prohibited."],"ja":["口座・在留カード・受取人記録での氏名不一致は主因——公式の氏名証拠で是正。","期限切れの在留カードや古い住所は送金を止める——更新し登録情報を更新。","収入に合わない金額・曖昧な目的・第三者資金は審査を招く——再試行でなく書類を提出。","制裁や高リスクの該当は追加証拠が必要になりえ、一部の支払は禁止のまま。"]},"sections":[{"id":"triggers","heading":{"en":"The common triggers and their fixes","ja":"よくある引き金とその解消"},"body":{"en":["Most holds come from an inconsistency. A name that differs across your account, residence card, and the beneficiary record → provide official name evidence and correct the beneficiary entry. An outdated residence card or address → renew the card and update your address. An amount inconsistent with your income → payslips, tax returns, savings history, or sale/inheritance documents. A vague purpose → an invoice, tuition bill, support explanation, or contract. Third-party funding → proof of relationship, authorization, and source. Multiple unrelated recipients → business records or a detailed relationship explanation.","A high-risk country or sanctioned-name match → additional identity and transaction evidence, though some payments remain prohibited. A property or investment payment → the purchase agreement, escrow instructions, a professional contact, and a source trail. Beneficiary details changed by email → independent verification with the beneficiary. If the provider cannot contact you → current phone, email, and postal address."],"ja":["多くの保留は不整合から生じます。口座・在留カード・受取人記録で氏名が異なる→公式の氏名証拠を提出し受取人記録を訂正。在留カードや住所が古い→カードを更新し住所を更新。収入に合わない金額→給与明細・確定申告書・貯蓄履歴・売買/相続書類。曖昧な目的→請求書・学費請求・支援の説明・契約。第三者資金→関係・授権・源泉の証明。無関係の複数受取人→事業記録や詳細な関係説明。","高リスク国や制裁名の該当→追加の身元・取引証拠（ただし一部の支払は禁止のまま）。不動産・投資の支払→購入契約・エスクロー指示・専門家の連絡先・源泉の連なり。受取人情報がメールで変更→受取人との独自の確認。業者が連絡できない→最新の電話・メール・郵送先。"]}},{"id":"avoid","heading":{"en":"Avoiding a freeze in the first place","ja":"そもそも凍結を避ける"},"body":{"en":["Keep your registered legal name, address, visa status, and residence-card expiry current across your account, residence card, and beneficiary records. Declare an accurate, specific purpose rather than “personal,” and be ready to show source-of-funds documents for a large or unusual transfer. Respond promptly to information requests — an unanswered request is itself a reason a review stalls.","Never split a large transfer into smaller ones to dodge a limit; providers can aggregate related transactions and treat structuring as suspicious. And never let anyone route their money through your account — that resembles money-mule activity and can freeze the account and create criminal exposure."],"ja":["登録された法的氏名・住所・在留資格・在留カードの有効期限を、口座・在留カード・受取人記録で最新に保ちましょう。「個人的」ではなく正確で具体的な目的を申告し、大口や通常と異なる送金では資金源書類を示せるようにしておきましょう。情報提供の要請には速やかに応じること——未回答の要請自体が審査を止める理由です。","限度回避のため大口を小分けにしないこと——業者は関連取引を合算でき、ストラクチャリングを不審とみなします。他人のお金を自分の口座経由で送らせないこと——マネーミュールに似ており、口座凍結と刑事リスクを生みえます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People whose transfer is delayed or “in review”","Anyone whose account was frozen or restricted"],"ja":["送金が遅延・「審査中」の方","口座が凍結・制限された方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Advice on evading a review — that is inappropriate and can be a crime"],"ja":["審査回避の助言（不適切であり犯罪となりうます）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Retrying a blocked transfer without fixing the cause can escalate a review; supply the corrective evidence instead."],"ja":["原因を直さず止まった送金を再試行すると審査が深まりえます。代わりに是正証拠を提出しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-remit-guidance","nta-nonresident","fsa-funds-transfer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["source-of-funds-and-purpose","transfer-times-and-delays","transfer-scams-and-fraud"]},{"slug":"transfer-scams-and-fraud","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"International transfer scams and fraud prevention","ja":"海外送金の詐欺と防止策"},"summary":{"en":"The common cross-border money frauds — beneficiary-detail changes, romance and emergency scams, money mules, and property fraud — and the concrete habits that protect you.","ja":"よくある国際送金詐欺——受取人情報の変更・ロマンス/緊急詐欺・マネーミュール・不動産詐欺——と、身を守る具体的な習慣。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Independently verify every new beneficiary and every change of bank details using a known phone number, send a small test payment before a large one, never share one-time passwords or pickup codes, and treat urgency, secrecy, and requests to forward money for a stranger as fraud indicators.","ja":"新しい受取人と口座情報の変更は、既知の電話番号で必ず独自に確認し、大口の前に少額のテスト送金をし、ワンタイムパスワードや受取番号を決して共有せず、緊急・秘密・他人のためのお金の転送依頼を詐欺の兆候として扱いましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Independently verify every new beneficiary and every bank-detail change using a phone number you already have.","Send a small test payment before a large one, and confirm the exact credited amount and reference.","Never share one-time passwords, full card details, remote-access control, or cash-pickup codes.","Do not let anyone route money through your account — it can create money-mule, tax, and criminal exposure."],"ja":["新しい受取人と口座情報の変更は、既に持っている電話番号で独自に確認する。","大口の前に少額テスト送金をし、入金額とレファレンスを確認する。","ワンタイムパスワード・カード情報全体・遠隔操作・受取番号を決して共有しない。","他人のお金を自分の口座経由で送らせない——マネーミュール・税務・刑事のリスクを生む。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-scams","heading":{"en":"The scams to know","ja":"知っておくべき詐欺"},"body":{"en":["Beneficiary-detail fraud: a criminal intercepts an invoice or email and changes the bank details, so your payment goes to them. Romance and emergency scams: an urgent, emotional story pressures you to send fast. Money mules: someone asks you to receive and forward money “as a favour” or for a job. Fake investment or “tax authority” demands: a guaranteed return or a threat pushes an immediate transfer. Property fraud: emailed changes to escrow or seller account details divert a deposit.","The common thread is pressure plus a change or a stranger. A transfer receipt proves you initiated a payment, not that the right person was credited — and once cash is collected or an account is credited, recovery is often impossible."],"ja":["受取人情報詐欺：犯人が請求書やメールを傍受し口座情報を変え、支払が犯人に届く。ロマンス・緊急詐欺：緊急で感情的な話で素早い送金を迫る。マネーミュール：「お願い」や仕事として受け取り転送するよう頼まれる。偽投資・「税務当局」の要求：保証された利回りや脅しで即時送金を迫る。不動産詐欺：エスクローや売主の口座情報のメール変更で手付金をそらす。","共通点は、圧力＋変更または見知らぬ相手です。送金の控えは送金を始めた証明であり、正しい人に入金された証明ではありません。現金が受け取られ、または口座に入金されると、回収は不可能なことが多いです。"]}},{"id":"habits","heading":{"en":"The habits that protect you","ja":"身を守る習慣"},"body":{"en":["Independently verify every new beneficiary and every bank-detail change using a phone number you already have — never the one in the message announcing the change. Send a small test payment before a large one (unless the beneficiary prohibits partial payments) and confirm the credited amount and reference. Never share one-time passwords, full card details, remote-access control, or cash-pickup codes. Use unique passwords, passkeys or multifactor authentication, device locks, transaction alerts, and beneficiary whitelists.","For property, confirm escrow instructions with the lawyer, title company, notary, or judicial scrivener through an independently sourced contact. Treat urgency, secrecy, guaranteed returns, romance requests, “tax authority” payment demands, and requests to forward money for a stranger as fraud indicators. And never let clients or acquaintances route their money through your personal account — that can create money-mule, tax, account-freezing, and criminal exposure."],"ja":["新しい受取人と口座情報の変更は、既に持っている電話番号で独自に確認しましょう——変更を知らせるメッセージ内の番号は使わないこと。大口の前に少額テスト送金をし（受取人が分割を禁じない限り）、入金額とレファレンスを確認します。ワンタイムパスワード・カード情報全体・遠隔操作・受取番号を決して共有しないこと。固有のパスワード・パスキーや多要素認証・端末ロック・取引通知・受取人ホワイトリストを使いましょう。","不動産では、エスクロー指示を弁護士・タイトル会社・公証人・司法書士に、独自に入手した連絡先で確認を。緊急・秘密・保証利回り・ロマンス要求・「税務当局」の支払要求・見知らぬ相手へのお金の転送依頼を詐欺の兆候として扱いましょう。そして、クライアントや知人のお金を自分の個人口座経由で送らせないこと——マネーミュール・税務・口座凍結・刑事のリスクを生みえます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone sending a large or first-time transfer","People who received an emailed change of bank details"],"ja":["大口や初回の送金をする方","口座情報の変更メールを受け取った方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Recovering funds already lost to fraud — contact your provider and the police immediately"],"ja":["既に詐欺で失った資金の回収（直ちに業者と警察へ）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Urgency plus a change of bank details is the classic fraud signature; stop and verify independently before sending."],"ja":["「緊急＋口座情報の変更」は典型的な詐欺の特徴です。送る前に止めて独自に確認しましょう。"]},"faqs":[],"sources":["fsa-remit-guidance","fsa-funds-transfer"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["transfer-delayed-account-frozen","emergency-transfers-from-japan","large-transfers-from-japan"]},{"slug":"opening-a-bank-account-in-japan","cluster":"banking","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Opening a bank account in Japan","ja":"日本で銀行口座を開く"},"summary":{"en":"The documents, choices, and common snags when opening your first Japanese bank account.","ja":"最初の日本の銀行口座を開くときの書類・選択肢・よくあるつまずき。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"With a residence card and a Japanese address you can open an account at most banks; online banks and English-friendly banks are the usual starting points.","ja":"在留カードと日本の住所があれば多くの銀行で口座を開けます。ネット銀行や英語対応の銀行が一般的な出発点です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Core requirement is a residence card; some banks also want My Number, a phone number, and a few months of residency.","Online banks win on fees and apps; megabanks help for branches and official dealings.","Your name is registered in katakana — keep it consistent everywhere.","Update address and residency status to avoid a restricted account."],"ja":["中心の条件は在留カード。マイナンバー・電話番号・一定期間の在留を求める銀行もあります。","手数料とアプリはネット銀行が有利。店舗や公的手続きにはメガバンク。","名義はカタカナで登録。どこでも表記を統一しましょう。","住所・在留資格を更新し、口座制限を避けましょう。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-you-need","heading":{"en":"What you need","ja":"必要なもの"},"body":{"en":["The anchor document is your residence card (在留カード). Most banks also ask for a Japanese address and a phone number, and increasingly for a My Number. Some banks impose a waiting period (often six months of residency) before a new arrival can open certain accounts, while others open immediately — Japan Post Bank and some online banks are often accessible early.","Prepare a personal seal (hanko) or be ready to sign, and expect your name to be registered in katakana. Keep that katakana spelling identical across your employer, utilities, and cards to avoid transfer and verification problems later."],"ja":["中心となる書類は在留カードです。多くの銀行は日本の住所と電話番号も求め、マイナンバーを求める例も増えています。新規来日者は一定期間（多くは在留6か月）を待つ銀行もあれば、すぐ開ける銀行もあります。ゆうちょ銀行や一部のネット銀行は早期に開設しやすいです。","印鑑を用意するか署名の準備をし、名義はカタカナで登録される前提で考えましょう。そのカタカナ表記を勤務先・公共料金・カードで統一しておくと、後の振込や本人確認の問題を防げます。"]}},{"id":"which-bank","heading":{"en":"Which bank to choose","ja":"銀行の選び方"},"body":{"en":["If you want low fees and a good app, start with an online bank such as Rakuten Bank or Sony Bank. If English support is essential, SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA and Sony Bank are the names people research first. If you need a branch network or expect official and corporate dealings, a megabank or Japan Post Bank can be the practical anchor. Many residents keep two accounts for different jobs."],"ja":["手数料の安さと良いアプリを求めるなら、楽天銀行やソニー銀行などのネット銀行から。英語対応が必須なら、まず調べたいのはSMBC信託銀行プレスティアとソニー銀行です。店舗網が必要、または公的・法人取引を見込むなら、メガバンクやゆうちょ銀行が実務の軸になります。用途別に2口座を持つ人も多いです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["New residents opening a first account","Anyone comparing online vs megabank options"],"ja":["最初の口座を開く新規居住者","ネット銀行とメガバンクを比較する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Business/corporate account setup","Personalized advice on a specific bank"],"ja":["法人口座の設立","特定銀行に関する個別助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never share one-time passwords or app approval codes with anyone."],"ja":["ワンタイムパスワードやアプリ承認コードを他人に伝えないこと。"]},"faqs":["bank-documents","bank-english","bank-no-job"],"sources":["immi-residence","jftc-guarantee","boj-payments"],"relatedProducts":["sony-bank","smbc-prestia","rakuten-bank","japan-post-bank"],"relatedArticles":["best-banks-for-foreigners-japan"]},{"slug":"best-banks-for-foreigners-japan","cluster":"banking","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Best banks for foreign residents in Japan","ja":"外国人居住者に向いた日本の銀行"},"summary":{"en":"How to compare banks on English support, fees, apps, and foreign-currency needs.","ja":"英語対応・手数料・アプリ・外貨のニーズで銀行を比較する方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"For English support and foreign currency, research SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA and Sony Bank; for low fees and daily use, Rakuten Bank and other online banks are strong.","ja":"英語対応・外貨ならSMBC信託銀行プレスティアとソニー銀行、低手数料・日常使いなら楽天銀行などのネット銀行が有力です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Rank your priorities: English support, fees, app quality, or foreign-currency features.","PRESTIA leads on end-to-end English; Sony Bank is strong on FX and app.","Online banks minimize fees; megabanks add branches and recognition.","Verify current fee schedules and English coverage before deciding."],"ja":["優先順位を決める：英語対応・手数料・アプリ・外貨機能。","英語の一貫性はプレスティア、外貨とアプリはソニー銀行が強い。","ネット銀行は手数料を抑え、メガバンクは店舗と知名度。","決める前に最新の手数料と英語対応を確認。"]},"sections":[{"id":"compare","heading":{"en":"Compare on what matters to you","ja":"自分に合う軸で比較する"},"body":{"en":["There is no single “best” bank — only the best fit for your priorities. If you need to do everything in English, PRESTIA is the safest choice, with Sony Bank a strong runner-up that also excels at multi-currency. If you mostly want low fees and a great app, Rakuten Bank and Sony Bank lead. If branch access or official/corporate needs dominate, a megabank or Japan Post Bank fits.","Because fee schedules and English coverage change, treat any list as a starting point and confirm the current details on each bank’s official page before you apply."],"ja":["唯一の「最良」の銀行はなく、優先順位に対する最適があるだけです。すべて英語で行いたいならプレスティアが最も安全で、外貨にも強いソニー銀行が有力な次点です。低手数料と良いアプリ重視なら楽天銀行やソニー銀行。店舗や公的・法人が中心ならメガバンクやゆうちょ銀行が合います。","手数料や英語対応は変わるため、どの一覧も出発点として扱い、申込前に各行の公式ページで最新情報を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Foreign residents choosing a primary bank","People who need English or FX features"],"ja":["メイン銀行を選ぶ外国人居住者","英語や外貨機能が必要な方"]},"notFor":{"en":["A definitive ranking — priorities differ by person"],"ja":["絶対的なランキング（優先順位は人による）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Fee and support details change; verify before opening."],"ja":["手数料・サポートは変わるため開設前に確認を。"]},"faqs":["bank-english","bank-online-vs-mega"],"sources":["smbc-prestia","sony-bank","rakuten-bank"],"relatedProducts":["smbc-prestia","sony-bank","rakuten-bank","shinsei-bank"],"relatedArticles":["opening-a-bank-account-in-japan"]},{"slug":"getting-a-credit-card-in-japan","cluster":"credit-cards","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Getting your first credit card in Japan","ja":"日本で最初のクレジットカードを作る"},"summary":{"en":"How issuer-stated eligibility works, how to compare first-card features, and what to do if rejected.","ja":"発行会社が示す申込条件、最初の1枚の機能比較、落ちたときの対処。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Each issuer applies undisclosed screening. Compare first cards by stated eligibility, fixed cost, rewards, and payment settings—not presumed approval ease.","ja":"審査基準は各社が決定し非公開です。最初の1枚は、通りやすさではなく申込条件・固定費・ポイント・支払設定で比較します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Foreign credit scores do not transfer — you build history from zero in Japan.","Ecosystem cards (Rakuten, Epos) are common first cards.","Issuers generally do not disclose individual rejection reasons; do not guess or repeatedly apply.","Choose one point ecosystem that matches your spending."],"ja":["海外のスコアは引き継がれず、日本でゼロから履歴を作ります。","経済圏カード（楽天・エポス）が定番の最初の1枚。","発行会社は通常、個別の否決理由を開示しないため、理由を断定せず連続申込を避ける。","支出に合う1つのポイント経済圏を選ぶ。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-approval-works","heading":{"en":"How approval works","ja":"審査の仕組み"},"body":{"en":["Issuers publish eligibility requirements but do not publish their complete screening models. Enter application details accurately and check the issuer’s required documents. CIC and JICC let you request your own registered credit information, but this site cannot infer how an issuer will decide or promise that any circumstance will help."],"ja":["発行会社は申込条件を公開していますが、審査モデルの全体は公開していません。申込内容を正確に記入し、必要書類を公式案内で確認してください。CIC・JICCでは自分の登録情報を開示請求できますが、当サイトは審査結果を推測したり、特定の状況が有利だと保証したりしません。"]}},{"id":"how-to-select","heading":{"en":"How to select your first card","ja":"最初の1枚の選び方"},"body":{"en":["Start from how you actually spend, not from a \"best card\" list. Almost every popular first card in Japan has no annual fee and a base rate of roughly 0.5–1%, so the meaningful difference is which point ecosystem fits your life. If you shop on Rakuten, a Rakuten Card compounds value; if you use docomo, PayPay, or au services, the matching card keeps points in one place instead of scattering them.","Then narrow by network and practicalities. Pick a widely accepted network (Visa or Mastercard are the safest default; JCB and Amex have narrower overseas acceptance). Check that the card offers the extras you will use — a family card, an ETC card for tolls, or specific wallet support (Apple Pay, Google Pay, QUICPay, iD). Finally, confirm the application is one you can complete with your current documents and a Japanese bank account for the automatic withdrawal.","Because you build credit history from zero in Japan, it is usually better to choose one card, use it consistently, and pay in full each month than to apply for several at once. A steady, on-time history on a single no-fee card is the simplest foundation for later upgrades or a second card."],"ja":["「最強のカード」一覧からではなく、自分の実際の支出から選び始めましょう。日本で人気の最初の1枚はほぼ年会費無料で基本還元も0.5〜1%程度なので、本当の違いは「どのポイント経済圏が生活に合うか」です。楽天で買い物するなら楽天カード、ドコモ・PayPay・auを使うなら対応カードにすると、ポイントが分散せず1か所に貯まります。","次に国際ブランドと使い勝手で絞り込みます。広く使えるブランド（VisaかMastercardが無難、JCB・Amexは海外の対応がやや狭い）を選び、自分が使う追加機能（家族カード、高速道路のETCカード、Apple Pay・Google Pay・QUICPay・iDなどのウォレット対応）があるか確認します。最後に、手元の書類と引落用の日本の銀行口座で申込を完了できるかを確認しましょう。","日本では信用履歴をゼロから作るため、複数を一度に申し込むより、1枚を選んで継続利用し毎月一括で支払う方が有利なことが多いです。年会費無料の1枚で延滞のない履歴を積むことが、後のアップグレードや2枚目の最もシンプルな土台になります。"]}},{"id":"what-to-consider","heading":{"en":"What to consider when comparing cards","ja":"カード比較で見るべき点"},"body":{"en":["Fixed cost: whether the primary card is genuinely no-fee, and whether any fee waiver has conditions. Rewards: the base earning rate that always applies, kept separate from headline campaign rates. Point terms: where points can be spent and when they expire — a high rate is worth little if the points lapse before you use them. Network and acceptance for where you shop and travel. Add-on cards (family, ETC) and digital-wallet support. Payment settings, especially whether automatic revolving (リボ) is off. And practical eligibility: the documents, age, and bank-account requirements you can meet now.","The comparison table below lines up the mainstream no-fee cards on the criteria that matter most for a first card. Use it to shortlist two, then open a head-to-head comparison for the final decision."],"ja":["固定費：本カードが本当に無料か、免除条件が付いていないか。ポイント：常に適用される基本還元率を、派手なキャンペーン率と分けて見る。ポイント条件：どこで使えて、いつ失効するか（使う前に失効する高還元は価値が薄い）。国際ブランドと、自分が使う場所での通用性。追加カード（家族・ETC）とウォレット対応。支払い設定、特に自動リボがオフか。そして現実的な申込条件：今そろえられる書類・年齢・銀行口座の要件。","下の比較表は、最初の1枚で重要な項目に沿って主要な年会費無料カードを並べたものです。まず2枚に絞り、最後は直接比較ページで決めましょう。"]}},{"id":"if-rejected","heading":{"en":"If you are rejected","ja":"落ちたときは"},"body":{"en":["Issuers generally do not tell applicants the specific reason for rejection, so do not treat speculation about income, employment, residency or nationality as fact. First check that the application was accurate and complete. Avoid making several reactive applications, and consider requesting your own disclosure from CIC or JICC to check the information registered about you before deciding whether to reapply."],"ja":["発行会社は通常、否決の個別理由を伝えないため、収入・勤続・在留状況・国籍などを理由と断定しないでください。まず申込内容が正確で完全だったか確認し、反応的な複数申込は避けます。再申込を判断する前に、CICやJICCで自分について登録された情報を開示請求する方法もあります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["New residents applying for a first card","People re-applying after a rejection"],"ja":["最初の1枚を申し込む新規居住者","審査落ち後に再申込する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Business card structuring","Advice for repairing serious credit issues"],"ja":["法人カードの設計","深刻な信用問題の修復助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["Switch off automatic revolving (リボ) payment if you did not intend it."],"ja":["意図しない自動リボ払いはオフにすること。"]},"faqs":["card-foreigner-approval","card-rejected","card-first-card"],"sources":["cic-credit","jicc-credit","rakuten-card"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-card","epos-card","amex-jp"],"relatedArticles":["avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai"]},{"slug":"avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai","cluster":"credit-cards","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Avoiding the リボ払い (revolving payment) trap","ja":"リボ払いの罠を避ける"},"summary":{"en":"What revolving payment is, why it costs so much, and how to switch it off.","ja":"リボ払いとは何か、なぜ高くつくのか、どうオフにするか。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"リボ払い carries an issuer-disclosed fee on the outstanding balance and can extend repayment. Choose 一括払い when appropriate and verify every statement and automatic-revolving setting.","ja":"リボ払いは未払い残高に発行会社所定の手数料がかかり、返済が長期化し得ます。適切なら「一括払い」を選び、明細と自動リボ設定を毎回確認します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Revolving payment charges the disclosed fee and can be activated through an automatic-revolving setting.","Pay-in-full (一括払い) each month means no interest.","Point bonuses are sometimes used to nudge you into revolving.","Check and change your card’s payment setting in the app."],"ja":["リボ払いには所定の手数料がかかり、自動リボ設定で有効になる場合がある。","毎月の一括払いなら利息ゼロ。","ポイント特典でリボに誘導されることがある。","アプリで支払い設定を確認・変更する。"]},"sections":[{"id":"why-it-costs","heading":{"en":"Why it costs so much","ja":"なぜ高くつくのか"},"body":{"en":["Revolving payment keeps your monthly payment small and fixed, but the unpaid balance carries interest — commonly around 15% a year. Because the balance shrinks slowly, interest accumulates and a modest purchase can cost far more over time. Some cards enable revolving by default or promote it with extra points, so people end up in it without realizing."],"ja":["リボ払いは毎月の支払いを小さく一定に保ちますが、未払い残高に利息（多くは年15%前後）がかかります。残高の減りが遅いため利息が積み上がり、小さな買い物でも長期では大きな負担になります。初期設定でオンだったり、追加ポイントで勧められるカードもあり、気づかず利用してしまう人がいます。"]}},{"id":"how-to-avoid","heading":{"en":"How to avoid it","ja":"避け方"},"body":{"en":["Choose 一括払い (pay in full) at checkout and set your card’s default payment method to full payment in the app or member site. Review your statement for any リボ or “automatic revolving” setting and turn it off. If you already carry a revolving balance, paying it down faster than the minimum reduces the interest you pay."],"ja":["支払い時に「一括払い」を選び、アプリや会員サイトで既定の支払い方法を一括に設定しましょう。明細で「リボ」「自動リボ」設定がないか確認し、あればオフに。すでにリボ残高がある場合は、最低額より多く返済すると支払う利息を減らせます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone new to Japanese credit cards","People who suspect revolving is switched on"],"ja":["日本のクレジットカードに不慣れな方","リボがオンかもしれない方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Debt-restructuring advice"],"ja":["債務整理の助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["Repeated cash advances also carry high interest."],"ja":["キャッシングの繰り返しも高金利です。"]},"faqs":["card-riborai","card-annual-fee"],"sources":["card-payment-consumer-guidance"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-card","epos-card"],"relatedArticles":["getting-a-credit-card-in-japan"]},{"slug":"what-is-nisa","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"What is NISA? A beginner’s guide","ja":"NISAとは？初心者向けガイド"},"summary":{"en":"The tax-free investment account, its 2024 limits, and how to think about it.","ja":"非課税の投資口座、2024年の制度、考え方。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"NISA is a tax-free investment account; since 2024 it allows ¥3.6M/year (¥18M lifetime) of investments whose gains are never taxed.","ja":"NISAは非課税の投資口座で、2024年から年360万円（生涯1,800万円）まで投資でき、その利益は非課税です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["New NISA (2024): ¥1.2M tsumitate + ¥2.4M growth per year, ¥18M lifetime.","Gains and dividends inside NISA are tax-free with no time limit.","You open NISA at a brokerage; most beginners use low-cost index funds.","US persons and people leaving Japan need extra caution."],"ja":["新NISA（2024）：年つみたて120万＋成長240万、生涯1,800万円。","NISA内の利益・配当は非課税で期限なし。","証券会社で開設。初心者は低コストのインデックス投信が多い。","米国関係者・出国予定者は特に注意。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-it-works","heading":{"en":"How the new NISA works","ja":"新NISAの仕組み"},"body":{"en":["Since the 2024 renewal, NISA is a single permanent system with two frames you can use together: the tsumitate (accumulation) frame up to ¥1.2M a year for regulator-screened funds, and the growth frame up to ¥2.4M a year for a wider range — ¥3.6M combined annually, capped at ¥18M lifetime. Gains and dividends are never taxed, and there is no expiry on the exemption. If you sell, the lifetime capacity you used frees up again the following year."],"ja":["2024年の刷新以降、NISAは一本化された恒久制度で、併用できる2つの枠があります。規制当局が選定した投信向けの「つみたて投資枠」（年120万円まで）と、より広い対象の「成長投資枠」（年240万円まで）で、合計年360万円、生涯1,800万円が上限です。利益・配当は非課税で、非課税期間に期限はありません。売却すると、使った生涯枠は翌年に復活します。"]}},{"id":"what-to-watch","heading":{"en":"What to watch out for","ja":"注意点"},"body":{"en":["NISA is a container, not an investment — what you put inside determines your risk. Most beginners research broad, low-cost index funds rather than individual stocks. Two cross-border cautions: US citizens and green-card holders face heavy US taxation on Japanese funds (PFIC rules), and NISA generally cannot continue after you leave Japan. Plan for both before committing large sums."],"ja":["NISAは「入れ物」であって投資そのものではありません。中に入れるものでリスクが決まります。初心者の多くは個別株より、幅広く低コストなインデックス投信を調べます。クロスボーダーの注意が2つ。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は日本の投信で重い米国課税（PFIC）を受け、NISAは出国後は原則継続できません。大きな額を投じる前に両方を計画しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Beginners deciding whether to open NISA","Residents comparing NISA to taxable investing"],"ja":["NISA開設を検討する初心者","課税口座と比較する居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Security recommendations or return predictions","US-specific tax advice"],"ja":["銘柄推奨や利回り予想","米国個別の税務助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["Investing carries risk of loss; this is education, not advice."],"ja":["投資は損失のリスクを伴います。これは教育情報で助言ではありません。"]},"faqs":["nisa-eligibility","nisa-leaving-japan","nisa-us-citizen","invest-beginner-fund"],"sources":["fsa-nisa"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["nisa-vs-ideco","choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},{"slug":"nisa-vs-ideco","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"NISA vs iDeCo: which comes first?","ja":"NISAとiDeCo：どちらを先に？"},"summary":{"en":"How the two tax-advantaged accounts differ and how to sequence them.","ja":"2つの税制優遇口座の違いと使う順番。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"NISA is flexible (withdraw anytime, tax-free growth); iDeCo gives a bigger up-front tax deduction but locks funds until 60 — many use NISA first.","ja":"NISAは柔軟（いつでも引き出せ運用益非課税）、iDeCoは今の控除が大きい代わりに60歳まで拘束。まずNISAが多いです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["NISA: flexible, tax-free growth, withdraw anytime.","iDeCo: contributions cut taxable income now, locked until 60.","iDeCo limits depend on your pension category.","Leaving Japan makes iDeCo’s lock-up a bigger drawback."],"ja":["NISA：柔軟・運用益非課税・いつでも引き出せる。","iDeCo：掛金が今の課税所得を減らすが60歳まで拘束。","iDeCoの上限は年金区分による。","出国予定ならiDeCoの拘束は大きな難点。"]},"sections":[{"id":"difference","heading":{"en":"The core difference","ja":"中心的な違い"},"body":{"en":["Both shelter investment growth from tax, but they trade off flexibility against up-front benefit. NISA gives no income-tax deduction but lets you withdraw anytime with tax-free gains. iDeCo deducts your contributions from taxable income now — a real, immediate saving — but locks the money until age 60 and taxes withdrawals under separate (often favorable) rules. iDeCo contribution limits depend on whether you are self-employed, an employee with or without a corporate pension, etc."],"ja":["どちらも運用益を非課税にしますが、柔軟性と今の恩恵をトレードオフします。NISAは所得控除はない代わりにいつでも引き出せ、利益は非課税。iDeCoは掛金を今の課税所得から控除でき（即時の実利）、その分お金は原則60歳まで拘束され、受取時は別の（多くは有利な）ルールで課税されます。iDeCoの掛金上限は、自営か、企業年金の有無がある会社員か、などで変わります。"]}},{"id":"sequencing","heading":{"en":"How to sequence them","ja":"使う順番"},"body":{"en":["A common approach is to use NISA first for its flexibility, then add iDeCo for the deduction if you are confident you will not need the money before 60 and expect to stay in Japan. If you might leave Japan, iDeCo’s lock-up and cross-border complexity weigh against it. There is no universal answer — match the choice to your time horizon and residency plans."],"ja":["よくあるのは、まず柔軟なNISAを使い、60歳前に使わない自信があり日本に留まる見込みなら、控除目当てにiDeCoを足す方法です。出国の可能性があるなら、iDeCoの拘束とクロスボーダーの複雑さが不利に働きます。万能の正解はなく、投資期間と在留計画に合わせて選びましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents deciding how to split contributions","Long-term savers weighing lock-up"],"ja":["拠出の配分を考える居住者","拘束を考慮する長期の積立者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Personalized allocation advice"],"ja":["個別の配分助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["iDeCo funds are locked until 60 — do not contribute money you may need sooner."],"ja":["iDeCoは60歳まで拘束。近く必要なお金は拠出しないこと。"]},"faqs":["nisa-vs-ideco-q","nisa-eligibility"],"sources":["fsa-nisa","ideco-official"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities"],"relatedArticles":["what-is-nisa","choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},{"slug":"choosing-a-brokerage-japan","cluster":"investing","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Choosing a brokerage in Japan","ja":"日本で証券会社を選ぶ"},"summary":{"en":"What to compare across Rakuten Securities, SBI Securities, and Monex.","ja":"楽天証券・SBI証券・マネックス証券を比較する観点。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Rakuten Securities and SBI Securities are the default low-cost choices for NISA and index funds; Monex is a common alternative, especially for US stocks.","ja":"NISAやインデックス投資の定番は楽天証券とSBI証券。マネックス証券は特に米国株で有力な選択肢です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Compare fund fees, NISA/iDeCo support, and point integration.","Rakuten and SBI dominate on low-cost funds; Monex is strong on US stocks.","Ecosystem fit (bank, points) often decides between the top two.","Interfaces are Japanese-first; verify current fees."],"ja":["投信の手数料・NISA/iDeCo対応・ポイント連携を比較。","低コスト投信は楽天とSBIが主流、米国株はマネックスが強い。","経済圏（銀行・ポイント）の相性で上位2社を選び分けがち。","画面は日本語中心。最新手数料を確認。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-to-compare","heading":{"en":"What to compare","ja":"比較する観点"},"body":{"en":["For most beginners the decision comes down to a handful of factors: the fund lineup and fees (all three offer major low-cost index funds), NISA and iDeCo support (all three have it), point-program integration, and how well the brokerage links to a bank you already use. Rakuten Securities pairs naturally with Rakuten Bank and points; SBI Securities offers the widest lineup and multiple point options; Monex is often chosen for US-stock access and research tools."],"ja":["多くの初心者にとって、判断は少数の要素に絞られます。投信のラインナップと手数料（3社とも主要な低コスト投信を扱う）、NISA・iDeCo対応（3社ともあり）、ポイント連携、そして既に使う銀行との連携のしやすさです。楽天証券は楽天銀行・ポイントと自然に組み合わさり、SBI証券は最も広いラインナップと複数のポイント選択肢、マネックス証券は米国株のアクセスと分析ツールで選ばれがちです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Beginners opening a first brokerage/NISA account"],"ja":["最初の証券・NISA口座を開く初心者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Active-trading platform comparison","A definitive “best broker” ranking"],"ja":["アクティブ取引向けの比較","絶対的な「最良証券」ランキング"]},"warnings":{"en":["Interfaces are largely Japanese; confirm fees and NISA handling before opening."],"ja":["画面は主に日本語。開設前に手数料とNISAの扱いを確認。"]},"faqs":["invest-beginner-fund","nisa-eligibility"],"sources":["fsa-registry","rakuten-sec","sbi-sec"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-securities","sbi-securities","monex"],"relatedArticles":["what-is-nisa","nisa-vs-ideco"]},{"slug":"japan-tax-residency-explained","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-individual"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewAfter":"2026-09-30","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant must review cross-border scope before publication.","ja":"公開前に税理士による国際課税範囲の確認が必要です。"},"claims":[{"id":"non-permanent-resident-lookback","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-individual"],"value":{"en":"5 years or less in the preceding 10 years","ja":"過去10年以内の在住期間が5年以下"}}]},"title":{"en":"Japan tax residency explained","ja":"日本の税務上の居住者区分"},"summary":{"en":"Non-resident, non-permanent, and permanent resident — and what each is taxed on.","ja":"非居住者・非永住者・永住者と、それぞれの課税範囲。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Japan taxes you by tax-residency category (separate from your visa): non-residents on Japan-source income, non-permanent residents also on remitted foreign income, permanent residents on worldwide income.","ja":"日本は在留資格とは別の税務上の区分で課税します。非居住者は日本源泉、非永住者は送金分の国外所得も、永住者は全世界所得に課税されます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Tax residency ≠ immigration status.","Non-permanent resident: under 5 of last 10 years in Japan, no permanent intent.","Remitting foreign income to Japan can make it taxable for non-permanent residents.","Permanent residents (for tax) are taxed on worldwide income."],"ja":["税務上の居住者区分は在留資格と別。","非永住者：過去10年で在住5年以下・永住意思なし。","非永住者は国外所得の送金分が課税対象になり得る。","税務上の永住者は全世界所得に課税。"]},"sections":[{"id":"categories","heading":{"en":"The three categories","ja":"3つの区分"},"body":{"en":["For income tax, Japan classifies individuals as non-residents, non-permanent residents, or permanent residents — a tax concept distinct from immigration “permanent residence.” Non-residents are taxed only on Japan-source income. Non-permanent residents (those who have had a domicile in Japan for five years or less within the last ten, without permanent intent) are taxed on Japan-source income plus foreign-source income paid in or remitted to Japan. Permanent residents for tax are taxed on worldwide income."],"ja":["所得税では、日本は個人を非居住者・非永住者・永住者に区分します。これは在留資格の「永住」とは別の税務概念です。非居住者は日本源泉所得のみ課税。非永住者（過去10年で日本に住所を有した期間が5年以下で永住意思がない人）は、日本源泉所得に加え、日本で支払われた・送金された国外源泉所得が課税対象です。税務上の永住者は全世界所得に課税されます。"]}},{"id":"why-it-matters","heading":{"en":"Why it matters","ja":"なぜ重要か"},"body":{"en":["Your category determines whether foreign salary, overseas investment income, or money you bring into Japan is taxable here. This is where many cross-border mistakes happen — for example, remitting overseas income to a Japanese account can create a tax liability for a non-permanent resident. When foreign income or assets are involved, confirm your status and obligations with the NTA or a licensed tax accountant (税理士)."],"ja":["区分によって、海外の給与・海外の投資所得・日本に持ち込むお金が日本で課税されるかが決まります。クロスボーダーの誤りが起きやすい所で、たとえば非永住者が国外所得を日本の口座に送金すると課税が生じ得ます。国外所得や資産が絡む場合は、区分と義務を国税庁や税理士で確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Newcomers with foreign income or assets","Anyone unsure what Japan can tax"],"ja":["国外所得・資産がある来日者","課税範囲が不明な方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Treaty-specific or country-specific tax advice"],"ja":["租税条約や国別の税務助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["Cross-border tax is fact-specific; consult a 税理士 for your situation."],"ja":["国際税務は事実次第。状況に応じ税理士へ相談を。"]},"faqs":["tax-resident-status","remit-overseas-income"],"sources":["nta-individual"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","furusato-nozei-explained"]},{"slug":"furusato-nozei-explained","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2026,"jurisdiction":"JP-national-and-municipal","authorityIds":["nta-furusato","shinjuku-resident-tax"],"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","professionalReview":"pending","reviewAfter":"2026-09-30","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant must review limits and municipal exceptions before publication.","ja":"公開前に税理士が上限と自治体例外を確認する必要があります。"},"claims":[{"id":"furusato-personal-cost","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-furusato"],"value":{"en":"¥2,000 personal-cost floor, subject to the calculated deduction ceiling","ja":"控除上限の範囲内で自己負担2,000円"}},{"id":"one-stop-municipalities","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2026,"effectiveFrom":"2026-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-12-31","sourceIds":["nta-furusato"],"value":{"en":"No more than 5 recipient municipalities","ja":"寄付先は5団体以内"}}]},"title":{"en":"Furusato Nozei explained","ja":"ふるさと納税の仕組み"},"summary":{"en":"How the hometown-tax donation scheme turns resident tax into local gifts.","ja":"住民税を返礼品に変える、ふるさと納税の仕組み。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Furusato Nozei lets you donate to local governments for gifts while deducting almost the whole amount from your taxes — you effectively pay ¥2,000 for the gifts.","ja":"ふるさと納税は、自治体に寄付して返礼品を受け取りつつ、ほぼ全額を税から控除できます。実質2,000円で返礼品を得られます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Donations are deducted from resident and income tax, minus ¥2,000.","You receive local gifts (food, goods) in return.","There is an income- and family-based limit to the benefit.","Claim via One-Stop Exception or a tax return."],"ja":["寄付は住民税・所得税から控除（自己負担2,000円）。","返礼品（食品・物品）を受け取れる。","控除の上限は所得・家族構成による。","ワンストップ特例か確定申告で申請。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-it-works","heading":{"en":"How it works","ja":"仕組み"},"body":{"en":["You donate to any local government through a Furusato Nozei portal and often receive a “thank-you gift” (返礼品). Almost the entire donation is then deducted from your resident tax and income tax, so aside from a flat ¥2,000, you are redirecting tax you would pay anyway — and getting gifts for it. There is a limit to how much you can donate advantageously, set by your income and household situation, so use an official limit simulator before donating."],"ja":["ふるさと納税のポータルから任意の自治体に寄付し、多くの場合「返礼品」を受け取ります。寄付のほぼ全額が住民税・所得税から控除されるため、一律2,000円を除けば、どのみち払う税を振り向けて返礼品を得ることになります。有利に寄付できる額には、所得や世帯状況に応じた上限があるため、寄付前に公式の上限シミュレーターを使いましょう。"]}},{"id":"claiming","heading":{"en":"Claiming the deduction","ja":"控除の申請"},"body":{"en":["To get the deduction you must claim it. Salaried people donating to five or fewer municipalities can use the One-Stop Exception by submitting a form to each locality. Otherwise, or if you already file, report the donations on your tax return with the receipts. Miss the paperwork and you lose the deduction, turning it into an ordinary (expensive) purchase."],"ja":["控除を受けるには申請が必要です。寄付先が5自治体以下の給与所得者は、各自治体に書類を出すワンストップ特例を使えます。それ以外、または既に確定申告する人は、受領書とともに申告で寄付を報告します。手続きを忘れると控除を失い、単なる（割高な）買い物になってしまいます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Taxpayers with enough income to benefit","People wanting to optimize resident tax"],"ja":["恩恵を受けられる十分な所得のある納税者","住民税を最適化したい方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Very low income where the benefit is small","Advice on specific gift choices"],"ja":["恩恵が小さい低所得のケース","返礼品選びの助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["Exceeding your limit or missing the paperwork removes the tax benefit."],"ja":["上限超過や手続き忘れは税の恩恵を失わせます。"]},"faqs":["tax-furusato","tax-need-to-file"],"sources":["nta-furusato"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","japan-tax-residency-explained"]},{"slug":"do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","cluster":"tax","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","taxMetadata":{"taxYear":2025,"jurisdiction":"JP-national","authorityIds":["nta-individual","nta-etax","nta-2025-return"],"effectiveFrom":"2025-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-03-16","professionalReview":"pending","reviewAfter":"2026-03-16","reviewerRequirement":{"en":"A licensed Japanese tax accountant must validate employee exceptions before publication.","ja":"公開前に税理士が給与所得者の例外を確認する必要があります。"},"claims":[{"id":"employee-other-income","kind":"threshold","taxYear":2025,"effectiveFrom":"2025-01-01","effectiveTo":"2026-03-16","sourceIds":["nta-individual"],"value":{"en":"¥200,000 of non-salary income (employee exception; other filing duties can still apply)","ja":"給与以外の所得20万円（給与所得者の例外。別の申告義務は残り得ます）"}},{"id":"filing-period","kind":"deadline","taxYear":2025,"effectiveFrom":"2026-02-16","effectiveTo":"2026-03-16","sourceIds":["nta-2025-return"],"value":{"en":"February 16–March 16, 2026","ja":"2026年2月16日〜3月16日"}}]},"title":{"en":"Do I need to file a tax return in Japan?","ja":"日本で確定申告は必要？"},"summary":{"en":"When year-end adjustment is enough and when you must file a 確定申告.","ja":"年末調整で足りる場合と、確定申告が必要な場合。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Many employees are settled by year-end adjustment; you generally must file if you have side income over ¥200,000, multiple employers, self-employment, or want certain deductions.","ja":"多くの会社員は年末調整で完結します。副収入20万円超・2か所給与・自営・特定の控除を受けたい場合は原則、確定申告が必要です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Year-end adjustment (年末調整) settles most employees automatically.","File if side income >¥200,000, two employers, or self-employment.","File to claim medical, first-year mortgage, or donation deductions.","For 2025 income, the filing period was Feb 16–Mar 16, 2026, via e-Tax."],"ja":["多くの会社員は年末調整で自動的に完結。","副収入20万円超・2か所給与・自営なら申告。","医療費・初年度住宅ローン・寄付の控除は申告で。","2025年分は2026年2月16日〜3月16日、e-Taxで。"]},"sections":[{"id":"when-not","heading":{"en":"When you probably do not need to file","ja":"申告が不要なことが多い場合"},"body":{"en":["If you are a single-employer salaried worker with taxes withheld and your employer completed your year-end adjustment (年末調整), your income tax is usually already settled and no return is needed. The year-end adjustment handles standard deductions and reconciles what was withheld."],"ja":["給与が1か所で源泉徴収され、勤務先が年末調整を済ませた会社員は、通常すでに所得税が精算されており申告は不要です。年末調整が標準的な控除を処理し、源泉徴収額を調整します。"]}},{"id":"when-yes","heading":{"en":"When you must (or should) file","ja":"申告が必要・した方がよい場合"},"body":{"en":["You generally must file a 確定申告 if you have more than ¥200,000 of side income, two or more employers, self-employment or business income, or large investment/crypto gains not otherwise settled. You should also file — even when not required — to claim deductions like significant medical expenses, the first-year mortgage credit, or donations (including some Furusato Nozei cases). For 2025 income, filing ran February 16–March 16, 2026 through e-Tax, with records for each deduction. Check the NTA for the applicable year rather than reusing these dates."],"ja":["副収入が20万円超、給与が2か所以上、自営・事業所得、精算されていない大きな投資・暗号資産の利益がある場合は、原則として確定申告が必要です。必須でなくても、多額の医療費・初年度の住宅ローン控除・寄付（一部のふるさと納税を含む）などの控除を受けるなら申告すべきです。2025年分の期間は2026年2月16日〜3月16日で、e-Taxを利用し各控除の記録を用意します。この日付を再利用せず、対象年の国税庁案内を確認してください。"]}},{"id":"records-and-help","heading":{"en":"Records, e-Tax, and when to get help","ja":"書類・e-Tax・専門家に相談する場合"},"body":{"en":["Keep each employer’s withholding slip (源泉徴収票), My Number details, deduction certificates, donation or medical-expense records, and bank details for a refund. e-Tax is the NTA filing channel; resident tax is administered by your municipality and normally follows the income information reported nationally. Health-insurance premiums and pension contributions are separate social-insurance systems, not resident tax, even when they appear beside tax on a payslip.","Ask a licensed tax accountant before filing if you have foreign income or assets, unclear residency, multiple countries, a business, crypto transactions, a notice from an authority, or cannot reconcile withholding. Ask your municipality about resident-tax billing and your employer, insurer, pension office, or Japan Pension Service about social-insurance and pension records."],"ja":["各勤務先の源泉徴収票、マイナンバー情報、控除証明書、寄付・医療費の記録、還付先口座を保管します。e-Taxは国税庁の申告窓口です。住民税は自治体が扱い、通常は国税の申告所得情報を引き継ぎます。健康保険料と年金保険料は、給与明細で税と並んでいても住民税ではなく、別の社会保険制度です。","国外所得・国外資産、居住区分、複数国、事業、暗号資産取引、官公署からの通知、源泉徴収の不一致がある場合は申告前に税理士へ相談します。住民税の請求は自治体、社会保険・年金の記録は勤務先・保険者・年金事務所・日本年金機構に確認してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Employees with side income or deductions","Freelancers and investors"],"ja":["副収入や控除がある会社員","フリーランス・投資家"]},"notFor":{"en":["Complex multi-country filing without a professional"],"ja":["専門家なしの複数国にまたがる申告"]},"warnings":{"en":["Deadlines matter; late filing can add penalties."],"ja":["期限は重要。遅延は加算税につながり得ます。"]},"faqs":["tax-need-to-file","tax-crypto","freelance-blue-return"],"sources":["nta-individual","nta-etax","nta-2025-return"],"relatedProducts":["freee","money-forward-cloud"],"relatedArticles":["furusato-nozei-explained","japan-tax-residency-explained"]},{"slug":"becoming-a-sole-proprietor","cluster":"freelancers","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Becoming a sole proprietor in Japan","ja":"日本で個人事業主になる"},"summary":{"en":"The 開業届, the blue return, and the money systems freelancers set up first.","ja":"開業届・青色申告と、フリーランスが最初に整える仕組み。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"File a 開業届 with your tax office and the 青色申告 application at the same time; set up cloud accounting and reserve 20–35% of profit for taxes.","ja":"税務署に開業届と青色申告承認申請を同時に提出し、クラウド会計を整え、利益の20〜35%を税金用に積み立てましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The 開業届 registers you as a sole proprietor — free and quick.","File the blue-return application at the same time for the deduction.","Use cloud accounting (freee, Money Forward) to keep books.","Reserve 20–35% of profit for tax, pension, and health insurance."],"ja":["開業届で個人事業主に登録（無料・簡単）。","同時に青色申告承認申請で控除を確保。","クラウド会計（freee・マネーフォワード）で帳簿を。","利益の20〜35%を税・年金・保険用に積立。"]},"sections":[{"id":"setup","heading":{"en":"The setup steps","ja":"立ち上げの手順"},"body":{"en":["Register by filing a notification of business opening (開業届) with your local tax office, ideally within about a month of starting. At the same time, submit the blue-return application (青色申告承認申請書) to unlock a deduction of up to ¥650,000 and loss carry-forward. Consider a dedicated business bank account and card to keep records clean, and confirm your residence status permits self-employment."],"ja":["所轄の税務署に開業届を提出して登録します。開始からおよそ1か月以内が理想です。同時に青色申告承認申請書を出し、最大65万円の控除と損失の繰越を確保します。記録を整えるため事業用の銀行口座・カードを検討し、在留資格が自営を認めるか確認しましょう。"]}},{"id":"money-systems","heading":{"en":"The money systems to build","ja":"整えるお金の仕組み"},"body":{"en":["Bookkeeping is the ongoing work, and cloud tools like freee or Money Forward Cloud automate most of it by importing bank and card transactions and generating blue-return forms and e-Tax data. Because you pay your own income tax, resident tax, national pension, and national health insurance, many freelancers move 20–35% of each payment into a separate tax-reserve account so nothing is a surprise at filing time."],"ja":["継続的な作業は記帳で、freeeやマネーフォワード クラウドが銀行・カードの取引取込と青色申告書類・e-Taxデータ作成の大半を自動化します。所得税・住民税・国民年金・国民健康保険を自分で払うため、多くの人は入金ごとに20〜35%を別の税金用口座へ移し、申告時に驚かないようにしています。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["New freelancers and sole proprietors","Side-business owners going official"],"ja":["新規のフリーランス・個人事業主","副業を正式化する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Incorporation (会社設立) decisions","Visa eligibility determinations"],"ja":["法人設立の判断","在留資格の適否判定"]},"warnings":{"en":["Deadlines and the invoice question matter; consult a 税理士 as you grow."],"ja":["期限とインボイスの判断は重要。成長したら税理士へ。"]},"faqs":["freelance-open","freelance-blue-return","freelance-reserve","freelance-health-insurance"],"sources":["nta-blue","immi-residence"],"relatedProducts":["freee","money-forward-cloud","yayoi"],"relatedArticles":["invoice-system-explained"]},{"slug":"invoice-system-explained","cluster":"freelancers","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"The invoice system (インボイス) explained","ja":"インボイス制度の解説"},"summary":{"en":"What the qualified-invoice system means for small businesses and whether to register.","ja":"適格請求書等保存方式が小規模事業者に意味すること、登録すべきか。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Since October 2023, clients need a supplier’s T-number to claim consumption-tax credits; registering makes you a consumption-tax payer, so weigh it against your client base.","ja":"2023年10月以降、取引先は仕入税額控除に登録番号（T番号）が必要です。登録すると課税事業者になるため、取引先構成と照らして判断を。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The system took effect October 1, 2023.","A registered supplier issues invoices with a T-number.","Registering makes you a consumption-tax payer.","Whether to register depends on who your clients are."],"ja":["制度は2023年10月1日に開始。","登録事業者はT番号つきの請求書を発行。","登録すると消費税の課税事業者になる。","登録の要否は取引先次第。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-changed","heading":{"en":"What changed","ja":"何が変わったか"},"body":{"en":["Under the qualified invoice system, a business buyer can only claim a consumption-tax input credit if the invoice carries a registered supplier’s T-number. Previously, small suppliers under the tax-exempt threshold could still let buyers claim credits; now buyers face a shrinking transitional allowance for purchases from unregistered suppliers, stepping down over several years. That is why some clients now ask freelancers to register."],"ja":["適格請求書等保存方式では、事業者である買い手は、登録事業者のT番号がある請求書でなければ仕入税額控除を受けられません。以前は免税点以下の小規模事業者からでも買い手は控除できましたが、現在は未登録事業者からの仕入れに対する経過措置の控除が数年かけて段階的に縮小します。そのため一部の取引先はフリーランスに登録を求めるようになりました。"]}},{"id":"should-you","heading":{"en":"Should you register?","ja":"登録すべきか"},"body":{"en":["It is a genuine trade-off. If your clients are businesses that need qualified invoices, not registering can cost you work or push you to absorb the tax. If your clients are consumers or tax-exempt small businesses, registering may simply add consumption-tax cost and paperwork for no benefit. Map your client base, estimate the consumption-tax cost of registering, and — if it is close — ask a tax accountant before deciding."],"ja":["これは本当のトレードオフです。取引先が適格請求書を必要とする事業者なら、未登録は失注や税の自己負担につながり得ます。取引先が消費者や免税の小規模事業者なら、登録は利点なく消費税コストと事務だけを増やすことも。取引先構成を整理し、登録による消費税コストを見積もり、判断が微妙なら税理士に相談してから決めましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Freelancers weighing invoice registration","Small businesses billing companies"],"ja":["インボイス登録を検討するフリーランス","企業に請求する小規模事業者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Detailed consumption-tax calculation methods"],"ja":["消費税の詳細な計算方法"]},"warnings":{"en":["Rules and transitional measures change; confirm current NTA guidance."],"ja":["規定と経過措置は変わります。最新の国税庁案内を確認。"]},"faqs":["freelance-invoice"],"sources":["nta-invoice"],"relatedProducts":["freee","money-forward-cloud"],"relatedArticles":["becoming-a-sole-proprietor"]},{"slug":"freelancer-income-tax-japan","cluster":"freelancers","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"How freelancers are taxed in Japan","ja":"フリーランスにかかる税金の全体像"},"summary":{"en":"The four bills a sole proprietor pays — income tax, resident tax, pension, and health insurance — and how they connect.","ja":"個人事業主が払う所得税・住民税・年金・健康保険の4つと、そのつながり。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A sole proprietor pays income tax (progressive, national), resident tax (~10%, billed the next year), plus National Pension and National Health Insurance — all on profit after expenses and deductions.","ja":"個人事業主は、所得税（累進・国税）、住民税（約10%・翌年請求）に加え、国民年金と国民健康保険を払います。いずれも経費と控除を引いた所得が基準です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Tax is on profit (revenue − expenses − deductions), not on revenue.","Income tax is progressive and national; resident tax is roughly 10% and lags a year.","National Pension is a flat monthly amount; National Health Insurance is income-based.","The blue return and pension-type deductions are your main levers to lower the base."],"ja":["課税されるのは売上ではなく利益（売上−経費−控除）です。","所得税は累進の国税、住民税は約10%で1年遅れて請求されます。","国民年金は定額、国民健康保険は所得連動です。","青色申告や年金系の所得控除が、課税ベースを下げる主な手段です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-four-bills","heading":{"en":"The four bills, and the base they share","ja":"4つの支払いと、共通の課税ベース"},"body":{"en":["Almost everything you owe is calculated from one number: your business profit, which is revenue minus necessary expenses. From that, personal deductions (the basic deduction, the blue-return special deduction, social-insurance premiums, small-business mutual aid, and iDeCo, among others) are subtracted to reach taxable income. National income tax is charged on that at progressive rates, and local resident tax adds roughly 10% on a similar base.","The two social-insurance bills sit alongside the taxes. National Pension is a flat monthly premium set each year; National Health Insurance is calculated by your municipality from your prior-year income. Because resident tax and health insurance both look back at last year, your bills lag your income — a strong year is followed by higher bills the next, which catches many first-year freelancers off guard."],"ja":["支払いのほとんどは一つの数字、つまり売上から必要経費を引いた「事業所得（利益）」から計算されます。そこから基礎控除・青色申告特別控除・社会保険料控除・小規模企業共済・iDeCoなどの所得控除を差し引いて課税所得を求めます。国の所得税はこれに累進課税され、住民税は同様のベースに約10%が加わります。","社会保険の2つは税金と並びます。国民年金は毎年決まる定額の保険料、国民健康保険は前年所得をもとに自治体が計算します。住民税も健康保険も前年基準のため、支払いは所得に遅れて来ます。稼いだ翌年に請求が重くなるため、多くの人が1年目に驚きます。"]}},{"id":"lower-the-base","heading":{"en":"What actually lowers the bill","ja":"実際に負担を下げるもの"},"body":{"en":["Three levers do most of the work. First, claim every legitimate business expense with evidence. Second, file a blue return so you can take the special deduction (up to ¥650,000 with double-entry books and e-filing) and carry losses forward. Third, use deductible retirement and pension schemes built for the self-employed — small-business mutual aid, iDeCo, and the National Pension Fund — which cut taxable income while building your own safety net.","Set aside a tax reserve from every payment rather than facing the total at filing. A common rule of thumb is 20–35% of profit across all four bills, rising as income grows because income tax is progressive. Confirm each year’s rates, brackets, and deduction amounts before filing — recent reforms have moved the basic deduction and the income thresholds, so last year’s numbers may be stale."],"ja":["効くのは主に3つです。第一に、正当な経費を証憑つきで漏れなく計上すること。第二に、青色申告で特別控除（複式簿記＋電子申告で最大65万円）と損失の繰越を使うこと。第三に、自営向けの控除できる退職・年金制度、すなわち小規模企業共済・iDeCo・国民年金基金を使い、課税所得を下げつつ自分の備えを作ることです。","申告時にまとめて向き合うのではなく、入金ごとに税金を取り分けましょう。目安は4つ合計で利益の20〜35%、所得税は累進のため所得が上がるほど比率も上げます。基礎控除や所得の壁は近年の改正で動いているため、その年の税率・区分・控除額を申告前に必ず確認してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["New sole proprietors mapping their total tax cost","Freelancers planning a tax reserve"],"ja":["税負担の全体像を把握する新規個人事業主","税金の積立を計画するフリーランス"]},"notFor":{"en":["Company (法人) taxation","Individual filing advice for a specific case"],"ja":["法人課税","個別事案の申告助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["Rates, brackets, and deduction amounts change yearly — confirm the current year with the NTA or a 税理士."],"ja":["税率・区分・控除額は毎年変わります。その年の内容を国税庁または税理士で確認してください。"]},"faqs":["freelance-what-taxes","freelance-reserve","freelance-health-insurance"],"sources":["nta-individual","nta-blue","nta-business-expenses"],"relatedProducts":["freee","money-forward-cloud"],"relatedArticles":["becoming-a-sole-proprietor","blue-vs-white-return-japan","self-employed-retirement-savings-japan"]},{"slug":"blue-vs-white-return-japan","cluster":"freelancers","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Blue vs white tax return in Japan","ja":"青色申告と白色申告の違い"},"summary":{"en":"What the blue return gives you, what it asks in return, and when the simpler white return is fine.","ja":"青色申告で得られるもの、その代わりに求められること、白色で十分な場面。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"The blue return rewards double-entry bookkeeping with a deduction of up to ¥650,000, loss carry-forward, and family-salary deductions; the white return is simpler but gives none of these.","ja":"青色申告は複式簿記に対し最大65万円控除・損失繰越・専従者給与などで報い、白色申告は簡単な代わりにこれらがありません。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Blue return needs prior approval — file the 青色申告承認申請書 in time.","The ¥650,000 deduction needs double-entry books plus e-filing or e-books; otherwise it is ¥550,000 or ¥100,000.","Blue filers can carry losses forward three years and deduct family salaries.","The white return needs simple records but offers no special deduction."],"ja":["青色申告は事前承認が必要。青色申告承認申請書を期限内に提出します。","65万円控除は複式簿記＋電子申告か電子帳簿保存が条件。満たさないと55万円か10万円です。","青色は損失を3年繰り越せ、家族への給与も経費にできます。","白色申告は簡易な記帳で済みますが、特別控除はありません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-blue-gives","heading":{"en":"What the blue return gives you","ja":"青色申告で得られるもの"},"body":{"en":["The headline is the special deduction: up to ¥650,000 subtracted from business income when you keep double-entry books and file electronically (or keep qualifying electronic books). Keep double-entry books but file on paper and it is ¥550,000; keep only simple single-entry books and it drops to ¥100,000. On top of the deduction, blue filers can carry a business loss forward for three years to offset future profit, and deduct salaries paid to family members who work in the business.","Approval is not automatic. You must file the blue-return application (青色申告承認申請書) by the deadline — generally within two months of starting the business, or by March 15 to apply it to the current year. Miss it and you file white for that year and apply blue the next."],"ja":["目玉は特別控除です。複式簿記で記帳し電子申告する（または要件を満たす電子帳簿を保存する）と、事業所得から最大65万円を控除できます。複式簿記でも紙申告なら55万円、簡易な単式簿記のみだと10万円に下がります。控除に加え、青色申告者は事業の損失を3年間繰り越して将来の利益と相殺でき、事業に従事する家族への給与も経費にできます。","承認は自動ではありません。青色申告承認申請書を期限内に提出する必要があり、原則は開業から2か月以内、または当年から適用するなら3月15日までです。逃すとその年は白色で申告し、翌年から青色を適用します。"]}},{"id":"is-white-fine","heading":{"en":"When white is fine — and how software closes the gap","ja":"白色で十分な場面と、ソフトが埋める差"},"body":{"en":["The white return still requires you to keep records and retain evidence, so the old idea that white means “no bookkeeping” is outdated. Given that, the extra discipline for blue is smaller than it looks, and the deduction usually more than pays for it once you have steady income. White can be reasonable for very small or winding-down activity where the deduction would be minimal.","Cloud accounting removes most of the friction: freee, Money Forward Cloud, and Yayoi generate double-entry books from imported bank and card data and produce the blue-return forms and e-Tax file. For most freelancers, choosing blue and letting software keep the books is the straightforward win."],"ja":["白色申告でも記帳と証憑保存は必要で、「白色＝帳簿なし」という古い理解は当てはまりません。そのため青色の追加負担は見た目ほど大きくなく、安定収入があれば控除が手間を十分に上回ります。控除が小さくなるごく小規模な事業や、たたむ途中の事業では白色も合理的です。","クラウド会計が手間の大半を取り除きます。freee・マネーフォワード クラウド・弥生は、取り込んだ銀行・カードのデータから複式簿記を作り、青色申告書類とe-Taxファイルを生成します。多くのフリーランスにとって、青色を選びソフトに記帳を任せるのが素直な正解です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Freelancers choosing a filing status","Anyone weighing bookkeeping effort against the deduction"],"ja":["申告方式を選ぶフリーランス","記帳の手間と控除を比べたい方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Corporate accounting","Detailed double-entry tutorials"],"ja":["法人会計","複式簿記の詳細な解説"]},"warnings":{"en":["Application deadlines are strict; the ¥650,000 tier has specific e-filing/e-book conditions. Confirm current NTA rules."],"ja":["申請期限は厳格で、65万円は電子申告・電子帳簿の要件があります。最新の国税庁ルールを確認してください。"]},"faqs":["freelance-blue-return","freelance-which-software"],"sources":["nta-blue","nta-bookkeeping"],"relatedProducts":["freee","money-forward-cloud","yayoi"],"relatedArticles":["becoming-a-sole-proprietor","choosing-accounting-software-japan"]},{"slug":"consumption-tax-freelancers-japan","cluster":"freelancers","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Consumption tax for freelancers in Japan","ja":"フリーランスの消費税"},"summary":{"en":"When you become a taxable business, how the invoice system overrides the exemption, and the simplified and 20% options.","ja":"課税事業者になる条件、インボイスが免税を上書きする仕組み、簡易課税と2割特例。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"You are normally exempt until taxable sales pass ¥10 million in the base period, but registering for the invoice system makes you a consumption-tax payer regardless — the simplified and 20% special methods can soften the cost.","ja":"原則、基準期間の課税売上が1,000万円を超えるまで免税ですが、インボイス登録をするとそれに関係なく課税事業者になります。簡易課税や2割特例が負担を和らげます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Exempt while base-period (two years prior) taxable sales are ¥10 million or less.","A specified-period test on the prior year’s first half can also make you taxable.","Invoice-system registration makes you a taxable business even below ¥10 million.","Simplified taxation and the 20% special measure can reduce what you calculate and pay."],"ja":["基準期間（2年前）の課税売上が1,000万円以下なら免税です。","前年上半期の特定期間の判定で課税事業者になることもあります。","インボイス登録をすると、1,000万円以下でも課税事業者になります。","簡易課税や2割特例で、計算・納付額を抑えられることがあります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"are-you-taxable","heading":{"en":"Are you a taxable business?","ja":"自分は課税事業者？"},"body":{"en":["The default test looks back two years: if your taxable sales in the base period (for an individual, the year two years earlier) were ¥10 million or less, you are an exempt business and do not charge or remit consumption tax. A second “specified-period” test can pull you in earlier if sales — or wages you pay — in the first half of the prior year exceed ¥10 million. New sole proprietors are therefore usually exempt for their first couple of years unless they elect otherwise.","The invoice system changed the calculus. If you register as a qualified invoice issuer to get a T-number, you become a taxable business even if your sales are well under ¥10 million. So the real decision for most small freelancers is not the ¥10 million threshold — it is whether to register for the invoice system at all."],"ja":["基本の判定は2年前を見ます。基準期間（個人なら2年前の年）の課税売上が1,000万円以下なら免税事業者で、消費税を預かることも納めることもありません。さらに「特定期間」の判定があり、前年上半期の売上、または支払った給与が1,000万円を超えると早く課税事業者になります。したがって新規の個人事業主は、選択しない限り最初の数年は原則免税です。","インボイス制度が前提を変えました。適格請求書発行事業者として登録しT番号を得ると、売上が1,000万円を大きく下回っても課税事業者になります。つまり多くの小規模フリーランスにとって本当の論点は1,000万円の壁ではなく、そもそもインボイス登録をするかどうかです。"]}},{"id":"softening-methods","heading":{"en":"Simplified and the 20% special measure","ja":"簡易課税と2割特例"},"body":{"en":["If you are taxable, you need not always compute tax on every purchase. Under simplified taxation (available by election when base-period sales are ¥50 million or less), you estimate deductible input tax from a fixed rate for your business category, which is far less work. Separately, a temporary “20% special measure” has let many newly registered small businesses pay just 20% of the tax on their sales, sharply reducing both cost and paperwork.","These measures are date-sensitive and being revised: the 20% special measure applies through the tax period covering the changeover in 2026, and the buyer-side transitional credit for purchases from unregistered suppliers steps down from 80% to 50% from October 2026. Because eligibility, elections, and end dates all turn on your specific year, confirm the current position with the NTA or a 税理士 before you rely on any of them."],"ja":["課税事業者でも、必ずしも仕入れごとに税を計算する必要はありません。簡易課税（基準期間の売上5,000万円以下で選択可）では、業種ごとの一定率で控除する仕入税額を見積もるため手間が大きく減ります。別に、時限の「2割特例」により、新たに登録した多くの小規模事業者は売上に対する税の2割だけを納めればよく、負担と事務が大きく軽くなっています。","これらは日付に敏感で見直しが進んでいます。2割特例は2026年の切替を含む課税期間まで、未登録事業者からの仕入れに対する買い手側の経過措置の控除は2026年10月から80%→50%に下がります。適用可否・選択・終了日はいずれもあなたの課税年次第のため、頼る前に国税庁または税理士で最新の状況を確認してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Freelancers approaching or over ¥10 million in sales","Anyone weighing invoice registration’s tax cost"],"ja":["売上1,000万円に近い・超えるフリーランス","インボイス登録の税コストを検討する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Detailed input-tax calculations","Corporate consumption-tax planning"],"ja":["仕入税額の詳細計算","法人の消費税設計"]},"warnings":{"en":["Thresholds, elections, and the special measures are date-sensitive and changing through 2026–2029 — verify current NTA guidance for your year."],"ja":["基準・選択・特例は日付に敏感で2026〜2029年にかけ変化します。その年の国税庁案内を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["freelance-consumption-tax-when","freelance-invoice"],"sources":["nta-consumption-tax","nta-simplified-consumption","nta-invoice-2wari","nta-invoice"],"relatedProducts":["freee","money-forward-cloud"],"relatedArticles":["invoice-system-explained","freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},{"slug":"business-expenses-deductions-japan","cluster":"freelancers","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Business expenses and deductions for freelancers","ja":"フリーランスの経費と控除"},"summary":{"en":"What counts as a necessary expense, how to split mixed personal-business costs, and how equipment is written off.","ja":"必要経費の範囲、家事按分の考え方、機材の減価償却。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Deduct costs that are genuinely for the business, keep the evidence, and split mixed personal-business costs (home, phone, car) on a reasonable, documented basis; larger equipment is depreciated over time.","ja":"事業のための費用を、証憑を残して計上します。自宅・電話・車などの家事関連費は合理的な根拠で按分し、高額な機材は減価償却します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Only costs with a business purpose are deductible — keep receipts and note the purpose.","Mixed personal-business costs need a reasonable, repeatable allocation (家事按分).","A home office is an area/usage split, not a blanket rent deduction.","Equipment above the small-asset threshold is depreciated, not fully expensed at once."],"ja":["控除できるのは事業目的の費用だけ。領収書を残し、目的を記録します。","家事関連費は合理的で再現できる家事按分が必要です。","自宅の一室は面積・使用割合による按分で、家賃全額の控除ではありません。","少額の基準を超える機材は一括経費ではなく減価償却します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-counts","heading":{"en":"What counts, and proving it","ja":"経費になるものと、その証明"},"body":{"en":["A necessary expense is a cost incurred to earn your business income: supplies, software subscriptions, professional fees, travel to clients, communication, and the like. The test is business purpose, and the burden is on you to show it, so keep receipts and invoices, retain electronic transaction data under the storage rules, and note why a cost was for the business when it is not obvious. Cloud accounting makes this easier by attaching imported transactions to categories, but it does not judge whether a cost is genuinely business-related — that is your call.","For costs that serve both your life and your work — home rent and utilities, a phone, a car — you deduct only the business share (家事按分). Use a reasonable, repeatable basis such as floor area for a home office or a usage-time ratio for a phone, write down the method, and apply it consistently. Revisit the split after a move or a change in how you work."],"ja":["必要経費とは、事業所得を得るために支出した費用です。消耗品、ソフトのサブスク、専門家報酬、取引先への交通費、通信費などが該当します。判断基準は事業目的で、示す責任は自分にあります。領収書・請求書を残し、保存要件に沿って電子取引データを保管し、分かりにくいものは事業目的を記録しましょう。クラウド会計は取込取引を科目に紐づけて楽にしますが、事業関連かどうかは判定しません。そこは自分の判断です。","生活と仕事の両方に使う費用（自宅の家賃・光熱費、電話、車など）は、事業分だけを家事按分して計上します。自宅なら面積、電話なら使用時間の割合など、合理的で再現できる基準を用い、方法を書き残し、一貫して適用します。引越しや働き方の変化があれば按分を見直しましょう。"]}},{"id":"equipment","heading":{"en":"Equipment and depreciation","ja":"機材と減価償却"},"body":{"en":["A cheap tool is expensed the year you buy it, but bigger purchases are spread over their useful life through depreciation rather than deducted all at once. There are special rules for smaller assets — including a threshold below which an item can be fully expensed, and a special allowance that lets blue-return filers immediately expense assets up to a higher per-item limit, subject to an annual cap. These thresholds and the useful-life tables are set by the NTA and change, so check the current figures before deciding how to book a laptop, camera, or desk.","The practical habit is simple: record what you bought, when, for how much, and its business-use ratio. Your accounting software will apply the depreciation schedule, but only if you enter the asset correctly and keep the purchase evidence."],"ja":["安価な道具は購入した年の経費になりますが、高額なものは一括ではなく、耐用年数にわたる減価償却で費用化します。少額資産には特例があり、全額経費にできる金額基準や、青色申告者が1件あたり上限まで即時に費用化できる特例（年間の上限あり）があります。これらの基準や耐用年数表は国税庁が定め変わるため、パソコン・カメラ・机の処理を決める前に最新の数値を確認してください。","実務の習慣はシンプルです。何を、いつ、いくらで買い、事業使用割合はいくつか、を記録します。会計ソフトが償却スケジュールを適用しますが、それは資産を正しく登録し購入証憑を残した場合に限られます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Freelancers setting up bookkeeping categories","Anyone claiming home-office or vehicle costs"],"ja":["科目を整えるフリーランス","在宅・車の費用を計上する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Line-by-line rulings on a specific expense","Corporate expense policy"],"ja":["個別費用の可否判断","法人の経費規程"]},"warnings":{"en":["Small-asset thresholds and useful-life tables change; a mistaken split can be challenged. Confirm current NTA rules or ask a 税理士."],"ja":["少額資産の基準や耐用年数は変わり、誤った按分は否認され得ます。最新の国税庁ルールを確認するか税理士に相談を。"]},"faqs":["freelance-what-expenses","freelance-blue-return"],"sources":["nta-business-expenses","nta-depreciation","nta-bookkeeping"],"relatedProducts":["freee","money-forward-cloud","yayoi"],"relatedArticles":["blue-vs-white-return-japan","choosing-accounting-software-japan"]},{"slug":"pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan","cluster":"freelancers","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Pension and health insurance when self-employed","ja":"自営業の年金と健康保険"},"summary":{"en":"The National Pension and National Health Insurance you pay yourself, and the optional layers that close the gaps.","ja":"自分で払う国民年金と国民健康保険、そして不足を埋める任意の上乗せ。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Sole proprietors enroll in the National Pension (a flat monthly premium) and National Health Insurance (income-based, billed by your municipality), pay both in full themselves, and can add optional layers to raise future benefits.","ja":"個人事業主は国民年金（定額）と国民健康保険（所得連動・自治体が請求）に加入し、いずれも全額自己負担で払い、任意の上乗せで将来の給付を増やせます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["No employer split — you pay 100% of both premiums.","National Pension is a flat monthly amount reset each fiscal year.","National Health Insurance is income-based and set by your municipality.","Optional add-ons (fixed-amount extra pension, National Pension Fund, iDeCo) raise future benefits."],"ja":["労使折半はなく、両方の保険料を全額自分で払います。","国民年金は年度ごとに決まる定額です。","国民健康保険は所得連動で、自治体が金額を決めます。","任意の上乗せ（付加年金・国民年金基金・iDeCo）で将来の給付を増やせます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-two-systems","heading":{"en":"The two systems you join","ja":"加入する2つの制度"},"body":{"en":["Leaving employment for self-employment usually means switching from employees’ pension and health insurance to the National Pension (国民年金) and National Health Insurance (国民健康保険). The National Pension is a flat monthly premium — set at ¥17,920 per month for fiscal 2026 — the same for everyone regardless of income, with prepayment discounts and a low-income exemption/deferral process. National Health Insurance is different: your municipality calculates the premium from your prior-year income, so it rises after a strong year and is capped at an annual maximum.","Both switches are your responsibility and are time-sensitive. When you leave a job you generally have a short window to enroll in National Health Insurance (or continue your former plan for up to two years), and you register the pension category change at your municipal office. Missing these can create gaps or back-bills."],"ja":["会社員から自営になると、多くは厚生年金・健康保険から国民年金・国民健康保険へ切り替わります。国民年金は定額の保険料で、令和8年度（2026年度）は月17,920円。所得に関係なく一律で、前納割引や低所得者向けの免除・猶予の手続きがあります。国民健康保険は異なり、自治体が前年所得から保険料を計算するため、稼いだ翌年に上がり、年間の上限が設けられています。","どちらの切替も自己責任で、期限があります。退職時は原則、国民健康保険への加入（または元の保険を最長2年継続）に短い期限があり、年金の種別変更は市区町村の窓口で届け出ます。逃すと未加入期間や後日の請求が生じます。"]}},{"id":"closing-gaps","heading":{"en":"Closing the coverage gaps","ja":"保障の不足を埋める"},"body":{"en":["Self-employment trades an employer’s contribution for control, but it leaves real gaps: a lower future pension than an employee earns, and no built-in sick-pay for many. You can raise the pension floor cheaply with the fixed-amount extra pension (付加年金), and add the National Pension Fund (国民年金基金) or iDeCo for a larger, tax-deductible top-up. For lost income during illness, income-protection insurance or a cash buffer takes the place of employees’ injury-and-sickness allowance.","Two rules make this efficient: premiums for National Pension and National Health Insurance are deductible as social-insurance premiums, and the retirement/pension schemes above are separately deductible. So the money you move into your own safety net also lowers this year’s tax — which is why the companion guide treats the self-employed retirement toolkit as one plan."],"ja":["自営は会社の拠出と引き換えに自由を得ますが、現実の不足も残ります。会社員より将来の年金が少なく、多くの人に傷病時の所得補償がありません。付加年金で年金の底上げを安く行い、国民年金基金やiDeCoでより大きな、控除できる上乗せを足せます。病気で失う収入には、就業不能保険や現金のバッファが、会社員の傷病手当金の代わりになります。","2つのルールが効率を生みます。国民年金・国民健康保険の保険料は社会保険料控除の対象で、上記の退職・年金制度も別枠で所得控除になります。つまり自分の備えに回すお金が今年の税も下げます。だからこそ姉妹ガイドでは、自営の退職準備を一つの計画として扱います。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["New sole proprietors leaving employment","Freelancers planning pension and health cover"],"ja":["退職して開業する新規個人事業主","年金と健康保険を計画するフリーランス"]},"notFor":{"en":["Cross-border social-security agreements in detail","Individual eligibility rulings"],"ja":["社会保障協定の詳細","個別の資格判定"]},"warnings":{"en":["Premium amounts, caps, and exemption rules change yearly and by municipality — confirm with Japan Pension Service and your city office."],"ja":["保険料・上限・免除は年度と自治体で変わります。日本年金機構と市区町村で確認してください。"]},"faqs":["freelance-health-insurance","freelance-retirement-toolkit"],"sources":["nenkin-kokumin","jps-international","mhlw-insurance"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},{"slug":"self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","cluster":"freelancers","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"The self-employed retirement toolkit in Japan","ja":"自営業の退職準備ツールキット"},"summary":{"en":"Small-business mutual aid, iDeCo, the National Pension Fund, and the extra pension — how the deductible schemes fit together.","ja":"小規模企業共済・iDeCo・国民年金基金・付加年金という、控除できる制度の組み合わせ方。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Self-employed savers can stack deductible schemes — small-business mutual aid (up to ¥840,000/yr), iDeCo with the National Pension Fund (up to ¥816,000/yr combined), and the low-cost extra pension — to build a retirement while cutting taxable income.","ja":"自営業者は控除できる制度を重ねられます。小規模企業共済（年最大84万円）、iDeCoと国民年金基金（合算で年最大81.6万円）、低コストの付加年金で、退職準備をしつつ課税所得を下げます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Small-business mutual aid: ¥1,000–70,000/month, fully deductible, a self-made severance fund.","iDeCo for the self-employed: up to ¥68,000/month, combined with the National Pension Fund.","The extra pension (付加年金) is a cheap way to raise the state pension floor.","All are income-deductible, so they cut this year’s tax as they build your future."],"ja":["小規模企業共済：月1,000〜70,000円、全額控除、自作の退職金。","自営のiDeCo：月最大68,000円、国民年金基金と合算の枠。","付加年金は、国の年金の底上げを安く行う方法です。","いずれも所得控除で、将来を作りながら今年の税を下げます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-three-layers","heading":{"en":"Three deductible layers","ja":"控除できる3つの層"},"body":{"en":["Because the self-employed have a thinner public pension than employees, Japan offers schemes built to close the gap — and each reduces taxable income. Small-business mutual aid (小規模企業共済), run for small proprietors, lets you contribute ¥1,000–70,000 a month (up to ¥840,000 a year), fully deductible, and pays out as a lump sum or pension when you close or retire the business — effectively your own severance fund. iDeCo, the individual defined-contribution pension, lets the self-employed contribute up to ¥68,000 a month, and that ceiling is shared with the National Pension Fund (国民年金基金), so you split one budget between them. The extra pension (付加年金) adds a small fixed amount to your monthly National Pension premium to raise your lifelong state pension cheaply.","Contributions to all of these are deducted from income (as small-business mutual aid premiums, iDeCo/pension-fund premiums, or social-insurance premiums), so a yen saved for later is also a yen off this year’s taxable base — a rare double benefit."],"ja":["自営業者は会社員より公的年金が薄いため、日本にはその差を埋める制度があり、いずれも課税所得を下げます。小規模企業共済は小規模事業者向けで、月1,000〜70,000円（年最大84万円）を全額控除で積み立て、廃業・引退時に一時金または年金で受け取れます。実質的に自作の退職金です。iDeCo（個人型確定拠出年金）は自営業者なら月最大68,000円を拠出でき、この上限は国民年金基金と共通のため、一つの枠を両者で配分します。付加年金は国民年金保険料に少額の定額を足し、生涯の国の年金を安く増やします。","これらの拠出はすべて所得から控除されます（小規模企業共済等掛金控除、iDeCo・基金の掛金、社会保険料控除）。将来のために取り分けた1円が、今年の課税ベースも1円下げる、めずらしい二重の利点です。"]}},{"id":"order-and-caution","heading":{"en":"A sensible order — and one caution","ja":"無理のない順序と、ひとつの注意"},"body":{"en":["A common sequence is: first make sure the mandatory National Pension is paid (add the cheap extra pension), then use small-business mutual aid for flexible, deductible saving you can borrow against and unwind if the business closes, then iDeCo for long-horizon retirement money you accept is locked until age 60. Fit the amounts to cash flow — these are commitments, and small-business mutual aid can penalize very early voluntary exits, while iDeCo is locked by design.","One caution worth flagging: the tax treatment of lump-sum payouts depends on timing rules that interact across iDeCo, mutual aid, and any severance, and those rules have been tightened. If you expect large lump sums, plan the order and years of withdrawal with a professional so the retirement-income deduction is not reduced by overlap."],"ja":["よくある順序はこうです。まず義務の国民年金を確実に払い（安い付加年金を足す）、次に小規模企業共済で、借入も廃業時の解約もできる柔軟で控除可能な積立を行い、そのうえでiDeCoを60歳まで引き出せない長期の退職資金に充てます。金額はキャッシュフローに合わせましょう。いずれも約束事で、小規模企業共済は早期の任意解約で元本割れの可能性があり、iDeCoは制度上ロックされます。","ひとつ注意です。一時金の税務は、iDeCo・共済・退職金にまたがる受取時期のルールで決まり、その規定は厳格化されています。大きな一時金を見込むなら、退職所得控除が重複で減らないよう、受取の順序と年を専門家と設計してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Profitable freelancers wanting deductible retirement saving","Anyone comparing mutual aid vs iDeCo"],"ja":["控除つきで退職準備をしたい黒字のフリーランス","共済とiDeCoを比べる方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Personalized withdrawal-timing tax planning","Employees with a company pension"],"ja":["個別の受取時期の税設計","企業年金のある会社員"]},"warnings":{"en":["Contribution ceilings and lump-sum taxation rules change and interact — confirm current limits and, for large payouts, consult a 税理士."],"ja":["掛金上限や一時金課税は変わり相互に影響します。上限を確認し、大きな受取は税理士に相談を。"]},"faqs":["freelance-retirement-toolkit","freelance-health-insurance"],"sources":["smrj-kyosai","ideco-official-freelance","kokumin-nenkin-kikin","nenkin-kokumin"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan","freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},{"slug":"side-business-tax-japan","cluster":"freelancers","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Side-business tax while employed in Japan","ja":"会社員の副業と税金"},"summary":{"en":"When side income needs a return, the ¥200,000 rule’s real meaning, and business vs miscellaneous income.","ja":"副収入で申告が要る場面、20万円ルールの本当の意味、事業所得と雑所得の区分。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Employees with side income may need to file even under the often-cited ¥200,000 line, and whether that income is business or miscellaneous turns mainly on whether you run it like a business and keep books.","ja":"よく言われる20万円以下でも申告が必要な場合があり、その副収入が事業所得か雑所得かは、事業的に運営し帳簿をつけているかで主に決まります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The ¥200,000 figure is a filing-obligation rule for some employees, not a tax-free allowance.","Even under it, a resident-tax declaration to your municipality can still be required.","Business vs miscellaneous income hinges on business-like activity and bookkeeping.","Business income unlocks the blue return and loss offset; miscellaneous income does not."],"ja":["20万円は一部の会社員の申告義務の基準で、非課税枠ではありません。","それ以下でも、自治体への住民税申告が必要な場合があります。","事業所得か雑所得かは、事業的な活動と記帳の有無で決まります。","事業所得は青色申告と損益通算が使え、雑所得は使えません。"]},"sections":[{"id":"do-you-file","heading":{"en":"Do you even need to file?","ja":"そもそも申告は必要？"},"body":{"en":["A widely repeated rule says employees need not file an income-tax return if their side income is ¥200,000 or less. It is real but narrow: it concerns the national income-tax filing obligation for certain employees whose main job is settled by year-end adjustment, and it is not a tax-free allowance. Even when it applies, your municipality may still require a separate resident-tax declaration on that income — so “under ¥200,000, do nothing” is often wrong.","If your side income is larger, or you have two employers, or you want to claim deductions like medical expenses or a first-year mortgage credit, you file a 確定申告 that includes the side income. When in doubt, filing is the safe default; the resident-tax side in particular is easy to overlook."],"ja":["「副収入が20万円以下なら会社員は確定申告不要」という説明が広く出回ります。これは本当ですが限定的です。年末調整で完結する一部の会社員の、国の所得税の申告義務に関する話で、非課税枠ではありません。当てはまる場合でも、自治体はその所得について別途の住民税申告を求めることがあります。「20万円以下なら何もしない」はしばしば誤りです。","副収入がこれより大きい、勤務先が2か所ある、医療費控除や住宅ローン控除（初年）などを受けたい場合は、副収入を含めて確定申告します。迷ったら申告が安全な既定値で、特に住民税側は見落としやすい点です。"]}},{"id":"business-or-misc","heading":{"en":"Business income or miscellaneous income?","ja":"事業所得か雑所得か"},"body":{"en":["How side income is categorized matters a lot. Business income (事業所得) can use the blue return, its up-to-¥650,000 deduction, and loss offset against other income; miscellaneous income (雑所得) cannot. Following the NTA’s clarification, the deciding factor is whether the activity is run as a business by social norms — continuity, scale, effort, and above all keeping proper books and evidence. Records generally point to business income; their absence, or very small casual revenue, points to miscellaneous.","So if you intend your side work to be a real business, treat it like one from the start: file the opening notification and blue-return application, keep double-entry books in accounting software, and retain contracts and receipts. That both supports business-income treatment and prepares you to go fully independent later."],"ja":["副収入の区分は大きく影響します。事業所得は青色申告・最大65万円控除・他の所得との損益通算が使えますが、雑所得は使えません。国税庁の明確化により、判断の決め手は社会通念上その活動が事業として行われているか——継続性・規模・労力、そして何より適切な帳簿と証憑の保存です。記帳があれば概ね事業所得、なければ、またはごく小規模で偶発的なら雑所得に傾きます。","したがって副業を本当の事業にするつもりなら、最初から事業として扱いましょう。開業届と青色申告承認申請を出し、会計ソフトで複式簿記をつけ、契約書と領収書を残します。これは事業所得としての扱いを支え、後の完全独立への準備にもなります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Employees with a growing side income","Anyone deciding whether to register a side business"],"ja":["副収入が増えている会社員","副業の開業を検討する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Investment-income filing specifics","Cases with overseas income"],"ja":["投資所得の申告の詳細","国外所得がある場合"]},"warnings":{"en":["The ¥200,000 rule and income classification are frequently misunderstood — confirm your own obligation with the NTA or a 税理士."],"ja":["20万円ルールと所得区分は誤解が多い論点です。自分の義務を国税庁または税理士で確認してください。"]},"faqs":["freelance-side-business","freelance-open"],"sources":["nta-income-vs-misc","nta-individual"],"relatedProducts":["freee","money-forward-cloud"],"relatedArticles":["becoming-a-sole-proprietor","freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},{"slug":"getting-paid-invoicing-japan","cluster":"freelancers","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Getting paid: invoicing and withholding","ja":"報酬の受け取り：請求書と源泉徴収"},"summary":{"en":"How to bill clients, why some payments arrive short (withholding at source), and how to keep cash flow steady.","ja":"取引先への請求、報酬が減って振り込まれる理由（源泉徴収）、資金繰りを保つ工夫。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Issue a clear invoice (with your T-number if registered), expect certain professional fees to arrive with about 10% withheld at source, and credit that withholding when you file so it is not double-counted.","ja":"明確な請求書（登録者はT番号入り）を発行し、特定の報酬は約10%が源泉徴収されて振り込まれることを見込み、申告時にその源泉税を精算して二重取りにならないようにします。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A proper invoice lists the work, amount, tax, payment terms, and — if registered — your T-number.","Certain fees to individuals (writing, design, lectures) are withheld at about 10.21% at source.","Withheld tax is a prepayment — credit it on your return or it is money left behind.","Manage timing: keep a buffer for late payers and staggered client terms."],"ja":["適切な請求書には、業務内容・金額・税・支払条件、登録者はT番号を記載します。","個人への一定の報酬（原稿・デザイン・講演など）は源泉で約10.21%が引かれます。","源泉税は前払いです。申告で精算しないと取り戻せません。","タイミング管理を。支払遅延や取引先ごとの条件差にバッファを持ちます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-invoice","heading":{"en":"Billing clients well","ja":"請求書を上手に出す"},"body":{"en":["A good invoice removes friction and gets you paid faster: identify yourself and the client, describe the work, show the amount and consumption tax, state the due date and bank details, and — if you have registered for the invoice system — include your T-number so business clients can claim their input credit. Invoicing tools such as MakeLeaps, Misoca, and board generate compliant invoices, track paid/unpaid status, and store copies for you; some are English-friendly, which helps when billing overseas clients.","Keep your own copy and reconcile it against the deposit. If you are registered for consumption tax, the qualified-invoice format has specific required fields, so use a tool or template that already meets them rather than a plain document."],"ja":["良い請求書は摩擦を減らし、入金を早めます。自分と取引先を明記し、業務内容を記し、金額と消費税を示し、支払期日と口座を書き、インボイス登録済みならT番号を入れて取引先が仕入税額控除を受けられるようにします。MakeLeaps・Misoca・boardなどの請求ツールは適合した請求書を作り、入金・未入金を管理し、控えを保存します。英語対応のものもあり、海外の取引先への請求に役立ちます。","自分の控えを残し、入金と照合しましょう。消費税の登録者なら、適格請求書の様式に必須項目があるため、普通の書類ではなく、それを満たすツールや雛形を使ってください。"]}},{"id":"withholding","heading":{"en":"Why some payments arrive short","ja":"報酬が減って振り込まれる理由"},"body":{"en":["For certain categories of fees paid to individuals — writing, design, translation, lectures, and some professional services — the paying company must withhold income tax at source, roughly 10.21%, and remit it to the tax office on your behalf. So a ¥100,000 fee can land as about ¥89,790. This is not a loss: it is a prepayment of your income tax. When you file, you total the tax already withheld (shown on the client’s payment record) and subtract it from what you owe, often producing a refund.","Two practical points follow. Track withholding per client so your return credits all of it — leaving it out means paying twice. And plan cash flow around it: the timing of invoices, withholding, consumption tax, and late payers all move real money, so keep a buffer and, if slow payers threaten your runway, services that advance invoice cash exist (at a cost) for freelancers."],"ja":["個人に支払われる一定の報酬——原稿・デザイン・翻訳・講演や一部の士業報酬など——について、支払う会社は源泉所得税として約10.21%を差し引き、あなたに代わって税務署に納めます。10万円の報酬が約89,790円で着金するのはこのためです。これは損ではなく所得税の前払いです。申告時に、取引先の支払調書に示された源泉税を合計して納税額から差し引くため、しばしば還付になります。","実務上の要点が2つ。取引先ごとに源泉を記録し、申告で全額を精算すること（漏らすと二重払いになります）。そして資金繰りを設計すること。請求・源泉・消費税・支払遅延はいずれも現金を動かすため、バッファを持ち、遅い取引先で資金が危うくなるなら、フリーランス向けに請求書の即日払い（有料）サービスもあります。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Freelancers setting up billing","Anyone confused by withheld payments"],"ja":["請求の仕組みを整えるフリーランス","源泉徴収で戸惑う方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Detailed withholding-rate tables by fee type","Corporate accounts-receivable systems"],"ja":["報酬種別ごとの源泉税率表","法人の売掛管理システム"]},"warnings":{"en":["Withholding scope and rates depend on the fee type and change; confirm with the NTA and keep each client’s payment record."],"ja":["源泉の対象・税率は報酬種別により異なり変わります。国税庁で確認し、取引先ごとの支払調書を保管してください。"]},"faqs":["freelance-withholding","freelance-invoice"],"sources":["nta-withholding","nta-invoice"],"relatedProducts":["makeleaps","misoca","board","freenance"],"relatedArticles":["invoice-system-explained","choosing-accounting-software-japan"]},{"slug":"choosing-accounting-software-japan","cluster":"freelancers","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Choosing accounting software as a freelancer","ja":"フリーランスの会計ソフトの選び方"},"summary":{"en":"How freee, Money Forward Cloud, and Yayoi differ, and how to match one to how you work.","ja":"freee・マネーフォワード クラウド・弥生の違いと、自分の働き方への合わせ方。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"freee suits beginners who want guided, question-based bookkeeping; Money Forward Cloud suits those who want flexibility and integrations; Yayoi is the long-established option with strong professional familiarity — compare current plans and features, not just brand.","ja":"freeeは案内型の記帳を求める初心者、マネーフォワード クラウドは柔軟性と連携を求める人、弥生は実績と専門家の習熟が強い定番です。ブランドではなく現行プランと機能で比較しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["All three import bank/card data, keep double-entry books, and output blue-return forms and e-Tax data.","freee is guided and beginner-friendly; Money Forward Cloud is flexible and integration-rich.","Yayoi has the longest track record and the widest tax-professional familiarity.","Compare at the plan level — features and support differ by tier, and interfaces are Japanese-only."],"ja":["3つとも銀行・カードを取り込み、複式簿記を作り、青色申告書類とe-Taxデータを出力します。","freeeは案内型で初心者に優しく、マネーフォワード クラウドは柔軟で連携が豊富です。","弥生は最も実績が長く、税理士の習熟が広いです。","プラン単位で比較を。機能・サポートはプランで異なり、画面は日本語のみです。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-they-differ","heading":{"en":"How the three differ","ja":"3つの違い"},"body":{"en":["The big three cloud tools do the same core job — connect to your bank and cards, categorize transactions into double-entry books, and produce the blue-return documents and e-Tax file — so the difference is in approach. freee is built around guided, question-based workflows that hide accounting jargon, which many first-time filers find the least intimidating. Money Forward Cloud exposes more of the bookkeeping and offers extensive integrations, which suits people who want flexibility or expect to grow. Yayoi is the veteran brand with desktop and cloud options and the deepest familiarity among tax accountants, so handing off to a professional later can be smoother.","None of them offer an English interface, so budget for some Japanese or a bilingual helper. Because the guided-versus-flexible trade-off is the real choice, try the workflow — most offer a trial — rather than deciding on brand or a headline price alone."],"ja":["主要3ツールの中核機能は同じで——銀行・カードと連携し、取引を複式簿記に仕訳し、青色申告書類とe-Taxファイルを作ります——違いは進め方にあります。freeeは会計用語を隠す案内型の設計で、初めての申告者に最も取っつきやすいと感じられがちです。マネーフォワード クラウドは記帳をより見せ、連携が豊富で、柔軟性や将来の拡大を求める人に向きます。弥生はデスクトップとクラウドを持つ老舗で、税理士の習熟が最も深く、後で専門家に引き継ぎやすいです。","いずれも英語画面はないため、多少の日本語や二カ国語の助けを見込みましょう。案内型か柔軟型かが本当の選択なので、ブランドや表示価格だけでなく、体験版で操作を試してから決めてください。"]}},{"id":"match-to-you","heading":{"en":"Matching one to how you work","ja":"自分の働き方に合わせる"},"body":{"en":["Start from your situation. If this is your first filing and accounting feels foreign, the guided path lowers the chance of mistakes. If you juggle many income sources, need integrations with payment or invoicing tools, or expect to incorporate, favor flexibility. If you already work with a tax accountant, ask which tool they support best — professional compatibility can outweigh small feature gaps.","Whatever you pick, the value comes from consistent use: connect accounts once, reconcile monthly, and attach evidence as you go, so filing season is a review rather than a scramble. See the side-by-side comparison and the head-to-head write-ups on the main Freelance & business page to weigh specific pairs."],"ja":["自分の状況から始めましょう。初めての申告で会計に馴染みがないなら、案内型が誤りを減らします。収入源が多い、決済・請求ツールとの連携が要る、将来法人化を見込むなら、柔軟性を重視します。すでに税理士と組んでいるなら、最も対応しやすいツールを尋ねましょう。専門家との相性が、小さな機能差より効くことがあります。","どれを選んでも価値は継続的な利用から生まれます。口座を一度つなぎ、毎月照合し、証憑を都度添付すれば、申告期は格闘ではなく確認になります。具体的な組み合わせは、フリーランス・事業のメインページの比較表と一騎打ち解説で検討してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["First-time filers choosing a tool","Freelancers comparing freee, Money Forward, and Yayoi"],"ja":["ツールを選ぶ初めての申告者","freee・マネーフォワード・弥生を比べるフリーランス"]},"notFor":{"en":["Enterprise ERP selection","A current price quote — verify on each vendor’s page"],"ja":["大企業のERP選定","現在価格の提示（各社ページで確認）"]},"warnings":{"en":["Plans, feature limits, and pricing change and interfaces are Japanese-only — verify current plan details before subscribing."],"ja":["プラン・機能上限・価格は変わり、画面は日本語のみです。契約前に現行プランを確認してください。"]},"faqs":["freelance-which-software","freelance-blue-return"],"sources":["freee","mf-cloud","yayoi"],"relatedProducts":["freee","money-forward-cloud","yayoi"],"relatedArticles":["blue-vs-white-return-japan","getting-paid-invoicing-japan"]},{"slug":"sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","cluster":"freelancers","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Sole proprietor vs company: when to incorporate","ja":"個人事業主と法人：いつ法人化するか"},"summary":{"en":"The real trade-offs between staying a sole proprietor and forming a company, and the signals that tip the balance.","ja":"個人事業主のままか法人化かの実際のトレードオフと、判断を傾ける兆候。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Incorporating can cut tax at higher profits and add credibility and liability protection, but adds fixed costs, paperwork, and social-insurance obligations — most people incorporate once stable profit, client requirements, or growth plans justify the overhead.","ja":"法人化は利益が大きいと節税になり、信用と有限責任を得られますが、固定費・事務・社会保険の義務が増えます。多くは、安定した利益・取引先の要件・成長計画が負担を正当化した時点で法人化します。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A sole proprietor is simplest and cheapest to run; a company adds structure and cost.","Corporate tax rates can beat top personal rates once profit is high and sustained.","Companies offer limited liability, easier hiring, and more client credibility.","The switch adds fixed costs, mandatory social insurance, and usually a tax accountant."],"ja":["個人事業主は最も簡単で低コスト、法人は仕組みとコストが増えます。","利益が高く継続すれば、法人税率が個人の最高税率を下回ることがあります。","法人は有限責任・採用のしやすさ・取引先からの信用を得られます。","切替は固定費・社会保険加入・多くは税理士が加わります。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-trade-off","heading":{"en":"The core trade-off","ja":"中核のトレードオフ"},"body":{"en":["A sole proprietorship is the lightweight default: near-zero setup, simple filing, and full control. A company (法人) is a separate legal person, which brings three things people incorporate for — potential tax efficiency at higher profit, because corporate rates top out well below the highest personal income-tax rates; limited liability, separating business risk from personal assets; and credibility, since some clients prefer or require billing a company. Against that sit real costs: incorporation fees, annual local taxes even in a loss year, mandatory enrollment in employees’ social insurance, more complex accounting, and, for almost everyone, a tax accountant.","There is no single magic number, but the tipping point is usually a combination: profit that is high and stable enough that the tax gap outweighs the fixed overhead, plus a non-tax reason such as hiring, raising money, signing bigger contracts, or clients that will only deal with companies."],"ja":["個人事業主は軽量な既定値で、開業はほぼ無料、申告は簡単、支配は完全です。法人は別の法人格で、人が法人化する3つの理由をもたらします。利益が大きいときの節税（法人税率の上限は個人所得税の最高税率よりかなり低い）、事業リスクを個人資産から切り離す有限責任、そして一部の取引先が法人への請求を好む・求めるための信用です。対して現実のコストがあります。設立費用、赤字でもかかる年間の均等割、社会保険への強制加入、複雑になる会計、そしてほぼ全員に必要な税理士です。","唯一の魔法の数字はありませんが、転換点はたいてい組み合わせです。税差が固定費を上回るほど利益が高く安定していること、加えて採用・資金調達・大型契約・法人としか取引しない相手といった税以外の理由です。"]}},{"id":"signals","heading":{"en":"Signals it may be time","ja":"時期を示す兆候"},"body":{"en":["Watch for concrete signals rather than a round revenue figure. Your profit has been comfortably into the higher personal-tax brackets for a while; consumption tax is now unavoidable and a company’s two-year exemption window could help timing; you want to pay yourself a salary and split income across a household; you are hiring staff; or a major client insists on contracting with a company. Any one of these can justify the move; several together make it clear.","If the signals are there, model it properly before filing paperwork. A tax accountant can compare your specific tax and social-insurance outcome as a proprietor versus a company, and incorporation services from freee and Money Forward can prepare the documents once you have decided. The companion guide on company types then helps you choose between a GK and a KK."],"ja":["きりのよい売上額ではなく、具体的な兆候を見ましょう。利益がしばらく高めの所得税区分に十分入っている、消費税が避けられなくなり法人の2年の免税枠が時期の助けになり得る、自分に役員報酬を払い世帯で所得を分けたい、従業員を雇う、主要な取引先が法人との契約を求める——いずれか一つでも動機になり、複数重なれば明確です。","兆候があれば、書類を出す前にきちんと試算しましょう。税理士は、個人事業主と法人であなた固有の税・社会保険の結果を比較できます。決めた後は、freeeやマネーフォワードの会社設立サービスが書類を用意します。次に会社の種類のガイドが、合同会社と株式会社の選択を助けます。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Profitable sole proprietors weighing incorporation","Freelancers with growth or hiring plans"],"ja":["法人化を検討する黒字の個人事業主","成長・採用を計画するフリーランス"]},"notFor":{"en":["Step-by-step incorporation filing","A definitive income cutoff — it depends on your case"],"ja":["設立手続きの逐次手順","確定的な所得ライン（事案による）"]},"warnings":{"en":["The tax and social-insurance math is individual — model your own case with a 税理士 before incorporating."],"ja":["税・社会保険の計算は個別です。法人化前に税理士で自分の事案を試算してください。"]},"faqs":["freelance-incorporate-when","freelance-kk-vs-gk"],"sources":["nta-individual","moj-commercial-registration","meti-startup"],"relatedProducts":["freee-kaisha-setup","mf-kaisha-setup","zeirishi-dot-com"],"relatedArticles":["types-of-company-japan","becoming-a-sole-proprietor"]},{"slug":"types-of-company-japan","cluster":"freelancers","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Company types in Japan: KK vs GK and others","ja":"会社の種類：株式会社・合同会社ほか"},"summary":{"en":"The practical difference between a kabushiki-kaisha and a godo-kaisha, and why most small founders choose one of the two.","ja":"株式会社と合同会社の実務的な違いと、小規模創業者が多くこの2つから選ぶ理由。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"A godo-kaisha (GK, LLC-like) is cheaper and simpler to form and run; a kabushiki-kaisha (KK) costs more but carries the highest recognition and can issue shares — most solo founders start with a GK unless clients or fundraising demand a KK.","ja":"合同会社（GK・LLCに近い）は設立も運営も安く簡単、株式会社（KK）は費用が高い一方で信用が最も高く株式を発行できます。多くの一人創業者は、取引先や資金調達が株式会社を求めない限り合同会社から始めます。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["GK and KK both give limited liability and separate legal personality.","A GK is cheaper to form — no articles-notarization fee and lower registration tax.","A KK has the strongest public recognition and can raise capital by issuing shares.","You can start as a GK and convert to a KK later as needs grow."],"ja":["合同会社も株式会社も有限責任と独立の法人格を持ちます。","合同会社は設立が安い——定款認証が不要で登録免許税も低めです。","株式会社は社会的信用が最も高く、株式発行で資金調達ができます。","合同会社で始め、必要に応じて後で株式会社へ組織変更もできます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"gk-vs-kk","heading":{"en":"GK vs KK in practice","ja":"合同会社と株式会社の実際"},"body":{"en":["Two forms dominate for small businesses. A kabushiki-kaisha (株式会社, KK) is the familiar “company”: highest recognition, able to issue shares to raise capital, and expected by some clients and investors — but it costs more to set up (it requires notarized articles of incorporation and a higher registration tax) and carries governance formalities. A godo-kaisha (合同会社, GK), modeled on the LLC, gives the same limited liability and legal personality with a cheaper, simpler formation — no articles-notarization fee and a lower registration tax — and flexible internal governance. Well-known Japanese arms of global firms operate as GKs, so the form is credible, but general public recognition still favors the KK.","Older forms — the gomei-kaisha and goshi-kaisha — expose members to unlimited or mixed liability and are rare choices for new businesses. For most solo founders and small teams, the real decision is GK versus KK."],"ja":["小規模事業では2つの形態が主流です。株式会社（KK）はなじみのある「会社」で、信用が最も高く、株式発行で資金調達ができ、一部の取引先や投資家が期待します。ただ設立費用が高く（定款の認証と高めの登録免許税が必要）、機関設計の形式も伴います。合同会社（GK）はLLCを手本とし、同じ有限責任と法人格を、より安く簡単な設立で得られます——定款認証は不要、登録免許税も低め、内部の取り決めも柔軟です。世界的企業の日本法人にも合同会社は多く、形態としての信用はありますが、一般的な知名度はなお株式会社が上です。","古い形態の合名会社・合資会社は、社員が無限責任または混合の責任を負い、新規事業ではまれな選択です。多くの一人創業者・小規模チームにとって、本当の選択は合同会社か株式会社かです。"]}},{"id":"choosing","heading":{"en":"Choosing, and keeping the door open","ja":"選び方と、余地を残す"},"body":{"en":["Pick the GK if cost and simplicity matter most and you do not need outside share capital or maximum brand recognition — it is the common choice for freelancers formalizing a solo business. Pick the KK if you expect to raise investment, want the strongest credibility with enterprise clients, or foresee bringing in shareholders. If you are unsure, note that a GK can be converted into a KK later, so starting lean and upgrading when the need is concrete is a reasonable path.","Whichever you choose, the setup is a legal-registration process at the Legal Affairs Bureau plus tax-office notifications, and incorporation services or a judicial scrivener can handle the paperwork. Because fees, capital, and governance rules are set by law and periodically change, confirm the current amounts and requirements before filing."],"ja":["コストと簡便さが最重要で、外部の株式資本や最大の知名度が不要なら合同会社を。フリーランスが一人の事業を正式化する一般的な選択です。投資を受ける見込みがある、企業取引先への信用を最大化したい、株主を迎える可能性があるなら株式会社を。迷うなら、合同会社は後で株式会社へ組織変更できるため、小さく始めて必要が具体化したら上げるのも合理的です。","いずれも、設立は法務局での登記手続きと税務署への各種届出で、会社設立サービスや司法書士が書類を扱えます。費用・資本金・機関のルールは法律で定められ折々変わるため、申請前に現行の金額と要件を確認してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Founders choosing a company form","Freelancers deciding between a GK and a KK"],"ja":["会社形態を選ぶ創業者","合同会社と株式会社で迷うフリーランス"]},"notFor":{"en":["Branch/subsidiary setup for foreign parents","Step-by-step registration filing"],"ja":["外国親会社の支店・子会社設立","登記の逐次手続き"]},"warnings":{"en":["Formation fees, capital, and governance rules are statutory and change — confirm current requirements with the Legal Affairs Bureau or a professional."],"ja":["設立費用・資本金・機関のルールは法定で変わります。法務局または専門家で現行要件を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["freelance-kk-vs-gk","freelance-incorporate-when"],"sources":["moj-commercial-registration","meti-startup"],"relatedProducts":["freee-kaisha-setup","mf-kaisha-setup"],"relatedArticles":["sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","business-visa-japan"]},{"slug":"hiring-family-outsourcing-japan","cluster":"freelancers","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Paying family and outsourcing work","ja":"家族への給与と外注"},"summary":{"en":"How blue-return family salaries work, and your withholding duties when you pay contractors and staff.","ja":"青色事業専従者給与の仕組みと、外注・従業員に払うときの源泉徴収義務。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Blue-return filers can deduct a reasonable salary to a family member who works exclusively in the business (with a filed notification), and once you pay staff or certain fees you take on withholding and payment duties as the payer.","ja":"青色申告者は、事業に専従する家族への妥当な給与を（届出のうえ）経費にできます。従業員や一定の報酬を払うと、支払者として源泉徴収と納付の義務を負います。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["A family “専従者” salary is deductible for blue filers if it is reasonable and notified in advance.","The family member must work exclusively in the business, and the salary is their taxable income.","Paying staff or certain professional fees makes you a withholding agent.","Employees trigger labor-insurance and, at scale, social-insurance obligations."],"ja":["青色申告者は、妥当で事前届出のある家族専従者給与を経費にできます。","家族は事業に専従する必要があり、その給与は本人の課税所得です。","従業員や一定の報酬を払うと、あなたは源泉徴収義務者になります。","従業員は労働保険、規模により社会保険の義務を生みます。"]},"sections":[{"id":"family-salary","heading":{"en":"Paying a family member","ja":"家族に給与を払う"},"body":{"en":["Normally you cannot deduct wages paid to your spouse or relatives, but the blue return has an exception: a salary to a family employee who works exclusively in your business (青色事業専従者) is deductible, provided you file the required notification in advance and the amount is reasonable for the work done. This can shift income within a household to lower overall tax — but the salary becomes the family member’s own taxable income, and the “exclusively working in the business” condition is real, so a token salary to someone with a separate full-time job will not stand.","Keep it defensible: file the notice on time, pay an amount consistent with the duties and market rates, actually pay it, and keep records. Overstated family salaries are a common audit target."],"ja":["通常、配偶者や親族への給与は経費にできませんが、青色申告には例外があります。事業に専従する家族従業員（青色事業専従者）への給与は、事前に必要な届出を出し、仕事に見合う妥当な金額であれば経費にできます。これは世帯内で所得を移し全体の税を下げられますが、その給与は家族本人の課税所得になり、「事業に専従」の条件は実質的なので、別にフルタイムの職がある人への名目給与は認められません。","説明できる形にしましょう。届出を期限内に出し、職務と相場に整合する金額を、実際に支払い、記録を残します。過大な家族給与はよくある調査対象です。"]}},{"id":"paying-others","heading":{"en":"When you pay contractors and staff","ja":"外注・従業員に払うとき"},"body":{"en":["Once you pay others, you take on the payer’s duties. If you hire employees, you generally must withhold their income tax, handle their year-end adjustment, and enroll them in labor insurance (workers’ comp and, where applicable, employment insurance); at a certain size, employees’ health and pension insurance applies too. Even without employees, paying certain professional fees to individuals — the same categories that are withheld from your own invoices — can make you the one who must withhold and remit.","For pure outsourcing to another business or freelancer, you usually just pay the invoice, but keep the contract and records, and remember the invoice system: to claim input credits you need qualified invoices from registered suppliers. If payroll or withholding gets complex, this is a natural point to bring in a tax accountant or payroll software."],"ja":["他者に支払うと、支払者の義務を負います。従業員を雇うと、原則としてその所得税を源泉徴収し、年末調整を行い、労働保険（労災、該当すれば雇用保険）に加入させます。一定規模では健康保険・厚生年金も適用されます。従業員がいなくても、個人への一定の報酬——あなた自身の請求から源泉される種別と同じ——を払うと、源泉徴収して納付する側になり得ます。","他の事業者やフリーランスへの純粋な外注なら、通常は請求を支払うだけですが、契約と記録を残し、インボイス制度に留意します。仕入税額控除には登録事業者の適格請求書が必要です。給与計算や源泉が複雑になれば、税理士や給与ソフトを入れる自然なタイミングです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Freelancers employing a spouse or relative","Sole proprietors starting to hire or outsource"],"ja":["配偶者・親族を雇うフリーランス","採用・外注を始める個人事業主"]},"notFor":{"en":["Full payroll and labor-law compliance detail","Corporate employment structures"],"ja":["給与計算・労務コンプライアンスの詳細","法人の雇用体制"]},"warnings":{"en":["Family-salary conditions and withholding duties are strict and audited — confirm rules with the NTA or a 税理士 before relying on them."],"ja":["家族給与の要件と源泉義務は厳格で調査対象です。頼る前に国税庁または税理士で確認してください。"]},"faqs":["freelance-family-salary","freelance-withholding"],"sources":["nta-family-employee","nta-withholding"],"relatedProducts":["freee","money-forward-cloud"],"relatedArticles":["business-expenses-deductions-japan","getting-paid-invoicing-japan"]},{"slug":"subsidies-grants-small-business-japan","cluster":"freelancers","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Subsidies and grants for small business","ja":"中小・個人事業の補助金と助成金"},"summary":{"en":"The difference between hojokin and joseikin, where to find them, and how the reimbursement model works.","ja":"補助金と助成金の違い、探し方、後払い（精算）の仕組み。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Japan offers subsidies (hojokin, competitive, capped, reimbursed after you spend) and grants (joseikin, rule-based, often labor-related); find them on official portals, and plan cash flow because most pay out only after approval and spending.","ja":"日本には補助金（競争的・上限あり・支出後に精算）と助成金（要件を満たせば受給、多くは労務関連）があります。公式ポータルで探し、多くは採択・支出の後払いのため資金繰りを計画しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Hojokin (subsidies) are competitive, capped, and usually reimbursed after you spend.","Joseikin (grants) are typically rule-based and often tied to employment/labor measures.","Official portals like jGrants and the SME Agency list current programs.","Most pay after approval and spending — budget the cash-flow gap and keep evidence."],"ja":["補助金は競争的で上限があり、多くは支出後に精算されます。","助成金は要件を満たせば受給でき、多くは雇用・労務関連です。","jGrantsや中小企業庁などの公式ポータルに現行制度が載ります。","多くは採択・支出の後払い。資金の谷を見込み、証憑を残します。"]},"sections":[{"id":"two-kinds","heading":{"en":"Two kinds of support","ja":"2種類の支援"},"body":{"en":["Public support for small businesses splits roughly into two. Subsidies (補助金), often from the SME Agency and ministries, target specific goals — equipment, IT adoption, sustaining or restructuring a small business — and are competitive: you apply with a plan, there is a cap and a co-payment share, and only some applicants are selected. Grants (助成金), often from the labor ministry, tend to be rule-based: meet the conditions (frequently around hiring, training, or improving working conditions) and you receive the set amount. The vocabulary is not perfectly consistent, so read each program’s own rules rather than the label.","Both usually reimburse after the fact. You are typically approved, then spend, then report with evidence, then receive the money — sometimes months later — so they reward businesses that can front the cost and document it carefully."],"ja":["中小・個人事業への公的支援は大きく2つに分かれます。補助金は中小企業庁や各省庁が、設備・IT導入・小規模事業の持続化や再構築といった特定の目的に向けて出し、競争的です。計画を添えて申請し、上限と自己負担割合があり、採択されるのは一部です。助成金は多くが厚生労働省で、要件充足型です。条件（多くは採用・訓練・労働条件の改善に関するもの）を満たせば定額を受け取れます。用語は完全には統一されていないため、名称より各制度のルールを読みましょう。","どちらも多くは後払いです。通常、採択→支出→証憑つきで報告→受給、と進み、受け取りは数か月後のこともあります。費用を立て替え、丁寧に記録できる事業ほど有利です。"]}},{"id":"finding","heading":{"en":"Finding and using them well","ja":"探し方と上手な使い方"},"body":{"en":["Start with official sources rather than aggregators: the jGrants portal lets you search and apply for many national subsidies online, the SME Agency publishes current programs, and your local government and chamber of commerce often run their own. Support centers such as Yorozu and the chambers can help you scope an application. Because programs open and close in rounds and change every year, check dates and current terms directly before building plans around them.","Treat a subsidy as a boost to a plan you would pursue anyway, not a reason to spend. Read eligibility and reporting duties up front, keep every quote, invoice, and proof of payment, and factor the reimbursement lag into cash flow. Misused or unreported funds can have to be returned, so the documentation discipline is part of the deal."],"ja":["まとめサイトより公式から始めましょう。jGrantsでは多くの国の補助金をオンラインで検索・申請でき、中小企業庁は現行制度を公表し、自治体や商工会議所も独自の制度を持ちます。よろず支援拠点や商工会議所は申請の設計を助けます。制度は回ごとに開閉し毎年変わるため、計画に組み込む前に日程と現行条件を直接確認してください。","補助金は、どのみち進める計画の後押しと捉え、支出の理由にはしないことです。資格と報告義務を先に読み、見積・請求書・支払証憑をすべて残し、精算の遅れを資金繰りに織り込みます。目的外利用や未報告は返還になり得るため、証憑の徹底も条件のうちです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Small businesses planning investment or hiring","Freelancers exploring public support"],"ja":["投資・採用を計画する小規模事業","公的支援を調べるフリーランス"]},"notFor":{"en":["A list of specific current programs and amounts","Grant-writing services"],"ja":["具体的な現行制度と金額の一覧","申請書作成の代行"]},"warnings":{"en":["Programs, eligibility, and deadlines change every year and pay in arrears — verify current terms on official portals before committing spend."],"ja":["制度・資格・期限は毎年変わり後払いです。支出を約束する前に公式ポータルで現行条件を確認してください。"]},"faqs":["freelance-subsidies","freelance-incorporate-when"],"sources":["jgrants","smea-guide","meti-startup"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},{"slug":"business-visa-japan","cluster":"freelancers","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Working for yourself and your visa status","ja":"自営・独立と在留資格"},"summary":{"en":"Whether your residence status allows self-employment, and what the Business Manager visa requires.","ja":"在留資格で自営が可能か、経営・管理ビザの要件。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Whether you can freelance or run a company depends on your residence status: permanent residents and some family/spouse statuses have broad freedom, work visas are tied to activities, and running a company usually points to the Business Manager status — check before you start.","ja":"自営や会社経営が可能かは在留資格によります。永住者や一部の家族・配偶者資格は自由度が高く、就労ビザは活動に紐づき、会社経営は多くの場合「経営・管理」資格に向かいます。始める前に確認しましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Residence status, not desire, decides whether self-employment is allowed.","Permanent resident and certain spouse/family statuses allow broad self-employment.","Activity-based work visas may not cover independent business without a change.","Running a company typically requires the Business Manager status and its conditions."],"ja":["自営の可否は希望ではなく在留資格が決めます。","永住者や一部の配偶者・家族資格は幅広い自営が可能です。","活動に基づく就労ビザは、変更なしに独立事業を認めない場合があります。","会社経営は通常「経営・管理」資格とその要件が必要です。"]},"sections":[{"id":"can-you","heading":{"en":"Can your status support self-employment?","ja":"自分の資格で自営はできるか"},"body":{"en":["Immigration status sets the outer limit of what you may do for money. Permanent residents, and holders of statuses like spouse of a Japanese national or long-term resident, generally have broad freedom to freelance or start a business. Activity-based work visas (for example engineer/specialist-in-humanities) authorize specific employment, and independent freelancing or running your own company may fall outside them without a status change or permission. Students and dependents work only within their permitted-activity limits. The safe move is to confirm your specific status before you invoice anyone.","This is separate from tax registration: filing an opening notification with the tax office does not grant immigration permission, and vice versa. Both have to line up."],"ja":["在留資格が、収入を得る活動の外枠を決めます。永住者、日本人の配偶者等や定住者などの資格は、概してフリーランスや起業の自由度が高いです。活動に基づく就労ビザ（例：技術・人文知識・国際業務）は特定の就労を認めるもので、独立したフリーランスや自分の会社の経営は、資格変更や許可なしにはその枠外となることがあります。留学生や家族滞在は、許可された活動の範囲でのみ働けます。安全策は、誰かに請求する前に自分の資格を確認することです。","これは税の登録とは別です。税務署への開業届は入管の許可を与えず、その逆もありません。両方をそろえる必要があります。"]}},{"id":"business-manager","heading":{"en":"The Business Manager route","ja":"経営・管理の道"},"body":{"en":["If you intend to run a company in Japan, the Business Manager (経営・管理) status is the usual path. It expects a genuine business: a physical office, a substantive business plan, and a capital or scale requirement that has historically centered on the order of several million yen (with rules under review and periodically tightened). It is granted for managing a real enterprise, not as a shortcut to residence, and renewals look at whether the business is actually operating.","Because the criteria are detailed, changing, and consequential, this is an area to get right with professionals — an immigration lawyer (行政書士/弁護士) for the status and a tax accountant for the company. Treat online summaries, including this one, as orientation only, and confirm current requirements with the Immigration Services Agency before committing money or time."],"ja":["日本で会社を経営するつもりなら、「経営・管理」資格が通常の道です。実体のある事業が求められます。物理的な事務所、中身のある事業計画、そして歴史的に数百万円規模を中心としてきた資本または規模の要件（ルールは見直し中で折々厳格化）です。実在の事業を経営するために与えられるもので、在留の近道ではなく、更新では事業が実際に動いているかが見られます。","基準は細かく、変化し、影響も大きいため、専門家と正しく進める領域です。資格は入管専門の行政書士・弁護士、会社は税理士に。本稿を含むオンラインの要約は入口の案内にとどめ、時間やお金を投じる前に出入国在留管理庁で現行要件を確認してください。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Foreign residents considering self-employment","Founders exploring the Business Manager status"],"ja":["自営を検討する外国人居住者","経営・管理資格を調べる創業者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Individual immigration eligibility determinations","Visa application walkthroughs"],"ja":["個別の在留資格の適否判定","申請手続きの逐次案内"]},"warnings":{"en":["Immigration rules are individual and changing — confirm your status and any Business Manager requirements with the Immigration Services Agency or a qualified professional."],"ja":["入管ルールは個別で変化します。自分の資格や経営・管理の要件は出入国在留管理庁または有資格の専門家で確認してください。"]},"faqs":["freelance-visa","freelance-incorporate-when"],"sources":["immi-business-manager","immi-residence"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","types-of-company-japan"]},{"slug":"public-vs-private-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Public vs private insurance in Japan","ja":"日本の公的保険と民間保険"},"summary":{"en":"What public cover already provides, and how to decide if you need more.","ja":"公的保障で足りる範囲と、追加の要否の判断。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Public health insurance caps most bills near 30% and the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit limits monthly costs — buy private cover only for a specific gap you cannot self-fund.","ja":"公的健康保険で多くの自己負担は約3割、高額療養費で月の負担に上限。自分で賄えない具体的な不足がある場合だけ民間保険を。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Public health insurance covers most bills at ~70%.","High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit caps monthly out-of-pocket by income.","Public pension includes disability and survivor benefits.","Buy private cover to fill a gap, not out of general worry."],"ja":["公的健康保険で多くの費用の約7割をカバー。","高額療養費が月の自己負担を所得別に上限化。","公的年金に障害・遺族給付を含む。","不安からでなく不足を埋めるために民間保険を。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-public-covers","heading":{"en":"What public cover already provides","ja":"公的保障で既にカバーされる範囲"},"body":{"en":["Enrollment in health insurance is mandatory, and it caps most medical costs at around 30% out-of-pocket. On top of that, the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit (高額療養費) limits your monthly out-of-pocket by income bracket, so even a serious illness has a financial ceiling. Public pension is not just for retirement — it also pays disability and survivor benefits. Understanding this prevents over-buying private products sold on fear."],"ja":["健康保険への加入は義務で、多くの医療費の自己負担は約3割に抑えられます。さらに高額療養費制度が、所得区分ごとに月の自己負担に上限を設けるため、重い病気でも金銭的な上限があります。公的年金は老後だけでなく、障害・遺族の給付も行います。これを理解すると、不安をあおって売られる民間商品の買いすぎを防げます。"]}},{"id":"deciding","heading":{"en":"Deciding if you need more","ja":"追加の要否を決める"},"body":{"en":["Ask three questions: what gap remains after public cover, how large is the loss you truly cannot self-fund, and does the premium justify closing that gap. The clearest wins are term life insurance when dependents rely on your income, and cheap personal-liability cover (bicycle liability is now mandatory in many prefectures). Medical or cancer add-ons are optional comfort for many — decide by the specific gap, and always read exclusions and alternatives."],"ja":["3つを問いましょう。公的保障の後に残る不足は何か、自分で賄えない損失はどれほど大きいか、その不足を埋めるのに保険料は見合うか。最も分かりやすく有効なのは、扶養家族が収入に頼る場合の定期生命保険と、安価な個人賠償責任保険（多くの県で自転車保険が義務）です。医療・がんの上乗せは多くの人にとって任意の安心です。具体的な不足で判断し、必ず免責と代替手段を読みましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents unsure what private cover to buy","People sold insurance on fear"],"ja":["どの民間保険を買うべきか迷う居住者","不安で保険を勧められた方"]},"notFor":{"en":["A recommendation of a specific policy"],"ja":["特定の保険商品の推奨"]},"warnings":{"en":["Compare public cover first; every product should state its exclusions."],"ja":["まず公的保障を確認。各商品は免責を明示すべきです。"]},"faqs":["insurance-public-enough","insurance-high-cost","insurance-life-needed"],"sources":["mhlw-insurance","caa-insurance"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["do-you-need-life-insurance-japan"]},{"slug":"do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","cluster":"insurance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Do you need life insurance in Japan?","ja":"日本で生命保険は必要？"},"summary":{"en":"When life insurance is worth it, and term vs whole life.","ja":"生命保険が必要な場面と、定期と終身の違い。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Life insurance mainly makes sense if someone depends on your income; when it does, term life is usually the cost-efficient choice.","ja":"生命保険が主に意味を持つのは、収入に頼る人がいる場合。その場合は定期保険が費用効率の良い選択です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Need is driven by dependents, not age.","Term life is cheap for a set period; whole life bundles savings at higher cost.","Public pension pays survivor benefits — factor them in.","Match the sum insured to the gap your family would face."],"ja":["必要性は年齢でなく扶養家族で決まる。","定期は一定期間を安く、終身は貯蓄付きで高コスト。","公的年金の遺族給付を考慮する。","保険金額は家族が直面する不足に合わせる。"]},"sections":[{"id":"when-needed","heading":{"en":"When it is needed","ja":"必要な場面"},"body":{"en":["Life insurance replaces income for people who depend on you — a non-working partner, children, or family carrying shared debt like a mortgage. If no one relies on your income, you usually do not need it. Before choosing a sum insured, subtract what public survivor benefits and existing savings would already provide, and insure the remaining gap rather than a round number."],"ja":["生命保険は、あなたに頼る人（働いていない配偶者、子ども、住宅ローンなど共同債務を抱える家族）のために収入を補います。誰も収入に頼っていなければ通常は不要です。保険金額を決める前に、公的な遺族給付や既存の貯蓄で賄える分を差し引き、端数の切りの良い金額ではなく残る不足を保障しましょう。"]}},{"id":"term-vs-whole","heading":{"en":"Term vs whole life","ja":"定期と終身"},"body":{"en":["Term life (定期保険) covers a defined period for a low premium and is usually the efficient way to protect dependents while they need it. Whole life (終身保険) bundles a savings/cash-value element and costs much more for the same death benefit; mixing insurance and investing this way is often less efficient than buying cheap term cover and investing the difference separately. Decide based on the protection you need, not the savings pitch."],"ja":["定期保険は一定期間を低い保険料で保障し、扶養家族が必要な間に守る効率的な方法です。終身保険は貯蓄（解約返戻金）の要素を含み、同じ死亡保障でも大幅に高コストです。こうして保険と投資を混ぜるより、安い定期を買って差額を別に投資する方が効率的なことが多いです。貯蓄の売り文句ではなく、必要な保障で判断しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People with dependents","Anyone offered whole-life savings insurance"],"ja":["扶養家族がいる方","終身の貯蓄型保険を勧められた方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Estate-planning or tax-structuring advice"],"ja":["相続対策・税務設計の助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["Bundled savings insurance is often less efficient than term + investing."],"ja":["貯蓄型は「定期＋投資」より非効率なことが多いです。"]},"faqs":["insurance-life-needed","insurance-public-enough"],"sources":["mhlw-insurance"],"relatedProducts":[],"relatedArticles":["public-vs-private-insurance-japan"]},{"slug":"mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Mortgage eligibility for foreign residents","ja":"外国人居住者の住宅ローン審査"},"summary":{"en":"How permanent residency, income, and Flat 35 affect your chances.","ja":"永住権・収入・フラット35が審査に与える影響。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Permanent residency strongly helps; without it expect stricter terms or a larger down payment, though Flat 35 is often accessible without PR.","ja":"永住権は大きく有利です。ない場合は条件が厳しく頭金も多くなりがちですが、フラット35は永住権なしでも利用しやすいです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Many banks prefer or require permanent residency.","Without PR: larger down payment, a guarantor, or Flat 35.","Stable long-term employment and income are decisive.","Check your CIC/JICC credit record before applying."],"ja":["多くの銀行は永住権を重視・要件化。","永住権なし：頭金増・保証人・フラット35。","安定した長期雇用と収入が決め手。","申込前にCIC・JICCの信用情報を確認。"]},"sections":[{"id":"what-banks-weigh","heading":{"en":"What lenders weigh","ja":"審査で重視される点"},"body":{"en":["Banks assess stable employment, income, age, and — heavily — permanent residency. With PR, foreign residents are often treated much like Japanese applicants. Without PR, some banks decline, others require a larger down payment or a Japanese-national/PR guarantor (often a spouse). Flat 35, offered via the Japan Housing Finance Agency through partner lenders, is more rules-based and does not always require PR, which makes it a common route for non-PR buyers."],"ja":["銀行は安定した雇用・収入・年齢、そして特に永住権を評価します。永住権があれば、外国人居住者は日本人の申込者とほぼ同様に扱われることが多いです。永住権がないと、断る銀行、頭金の増額や日本国籍・永住者の保証人（多くは配偶者）を求める銀行があります。住宅金融支援機構が提携金融機関を通じて提供するフラット35は基準が明確で永住権を必ずしも求めず、非永住者の買い手によく使われる選択肢です。"]}},{"id":"prepare","heading":{"en":"How to prepare","ja":"準備の仕方"},"body":{"en":["Before applying, gather proof of stable income and employment, and check your own credit record at CIC and JICC to catch problems like a forgotten missed payment. Compare several lenders, because terms for non-PR applicants vary widely, and factor in closing costs of roughly 6–10% of the price on top of the down payment."],"ja":["申込前に、安定収入と雇用の証明をそろえ、CIC・JICCで自分の信用情報を確認して、忘れていた延滞などの問題を洗い出しましょう。非永住者向けの条件は銀行差が大きいため複数比較し、頭金に加えて価格の6〜10%の諸費用も見込みましょう。"]}},{"id":"non-pr-routes","heading":{"en":"Routes without permanent residence","ja":"永住権がない場合のルート"},"body":{"en":["Without PR, do not assume a mortgage is impossible — map the specialist routes instead. A practical sequence is an employer or developer partner bank, then PRESTIA (English support, up to ¥500 million, no guarantee fee, purchase and refinance), Tokyo Star Bank (a Star Mortgage expressly for foreign nationals without PR), Suruga Bank (a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents), a regional or relationship bank, and a Flat 35 provider if you meet the nationality and residence conditions. A non-permanent resident with a Japanese spouse or guarantor may be considered by more banks than one without, but a spouse never replaces the credit and affordability review. Weigh the non-PR premium against the cost and uncertainty of waiting for permanent residence and refinancing later, and confirm the exact PR rule, down-payment expectation, and language requirement with each lender before assuming you qualify."],"ja":["永住権がなくても住宅ローンが不可能と決めつけず、専門のルートを整理しましょう。実務的な順序は、勤務先やデベロッパーの提携銀行→プレスティア（英語対応・最大5億円・保証料なし・購入と借換）→東京スター銀行（永住のない外国人向けに明示されたスターモーゲージ）→スルガ銀行（日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローン）→地方・取引銀行→国籍と在留の条件を満たせばフラット35、です。日本人配偶者や保証人のいる非永住者は、いない人より多くの銀行で検討され得ますが、配偶者は信用と返済能力の審査に代わりません。非永住者のプレミアムを、永住を待って後で借り換えるコストと不確実性と比べ、適格と決める前に各行の具体的な永住要件・頭金の想定・言語要件を確認しましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Foreign residents considering buying","Non-PR residents comparing lenders"],"ja":["購入を検討する外国人居住者","複数行を比較する非永住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["A specific approval prediction","Investment-property financing advice"],"ja":["個別の承認予測","投資用物件の融資助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["A mortgage is a large long commitment; model rate increases before buying."],"ja":["住宅ローンは大きく長期の約束。購入前に金利上昇を試算。"]},"faqs":["loan-mortgage-no-pr","loan-fixed-vs-floating","loan-credit-record","loan-pr-mandatory","loan-english-support"],"sources":["jhf-flat35","cic-credit","prestia-mortgage","tokyostar-mortgage"],"relatedProducts":["flat-35"],"relatedArticles":["rent-vs-buy-japan","foreigners-buying-property","pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders"]},{"slug":"rent-vs-buy-japan","cluster":"loans","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Rent vs buy in Japan","ja":"日本で賃貸か購入か"},"summary":{"en":"Why buying is not automatic wealth-building, and how to frame the decision.","ja":"購入が自動的な資産形成にならない理由と、判断の枠組み。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"It depends on how long you will stay, job stability, and the property; many Japanese homes depreciate, so treat a home as shelter first, investment second.","ja":"滞在期間・職の安定・物件次第です。日本の多くの住宅は減価するため、まず住まい、次に投資と考えましょう。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Length of stay and job stability drive the decision.","Many Japanese homes depreciate; resale can be slow.","Renting preserves flexibility if you may move or leave.","Model total cost and resale risk, not just monthly payment."],"ja":["滞在期間と職の安定が判断の軸。","日本の多くの住宅は減価し、売却も遅くなり得る。","転居・出国の可能性があるなら賃貸が柔軟。","月額でなく総コストと売却リスクを試算。"]},"sections":[{"id":"the-frame","heading":{"en":"The honest frame","ja":"正直な枠組み"},"body":{"en":["In some countries buying almost always builds wealth; in Japan it is more nuanced. Many homes — especially older wooden houses — depreciate over time, and resale liquidity varies sharply by location, so a purchase is not automatically an investment win. The land component and prime-area properties behave differently. Renting keeps you flexible, which matters a lot if your job or country of residence might change."],"ja":["国によっては購入がほぼ確実に資産形成になりますが、日本はより微妙です。多くの住宅、特に古い木造は時間とともに減価し、売却のしやすさは立地で大きく異なるため、購入が自動的に投資の勝ちになるわけではありません。土地部分や優良地の物件は挙動が異なります。賃貸は柔軟で、仕事や居住国が変わり得る人には大きな意味があります。"]}},{"id":"how-to-decide","heading":{"en":"How to decide","ja":"判断の仕方"},"body":{"en":["Buying can make sense for long-term residents who value stability, have permanent residency or Flat 35 access, and have modeled the full picture: down payment, closing costs (6–10%), maintenance and management fees, property tax, interest-rate risk, and realistic resale value. If you might leave Japan within a handful of years, renting usually wins on flexibility and cost certainty. Decide on your own numbers, not a sales narrative."],"ja":["購入は、安定を重視し、永住権やフラット35を使え、全体像（頭金・諸費用6〜10%・維持管理費・固定資産税・金利リスク・現実的な売却額）を試算した長期居住者に向き得ます。数年以内に出国し得るなら、通常は柔軟性とコストの確実性で賃貸が有利です。営業の物語でなく、自分の数字で判断しましょう。"]}},{"id":"use-scenarios","heading":{"en":"Model scenarios, not one answer","ja":"シナリオで考える"},"body":{"en":["Rather than trusting a single break-even figure, run several scenarios: pessimistic, central, and optimistic resale; zero appreciation; a major repair; and an early sale after three or five years. On the renting side, model the monthly rent, renewal fees, any deposit loss, and rent inflation; on the buying side, model the purchase costs, the mortgage, ongoing ownership expenses, the resale price, selling costs, tax effects, and the investment return on the cash you did not spend. Buying tends to win only when the likely holding period is long enough to absorb the 6–10% transaction cost and the property is liquid enough to sell without a large discount — so decide on holding period and cash strength first, then let the numbers, not a sales narrative, settle it."],"ja":["単一の損益分岐に頼らず、複数のシナリオを回しましょう。悲観・中央・楽観の売却額、値上がりゼロ、大規模修繕、3年・5年での早期売却です。賃貸側では月額家賃・更新料・敷金の損失・家賃上昇を、購入側では諸費用・住宅ローン・保有費用・売却額・売却費用・税効果・使わなかった現金の運用リターンを試算します。購入が有利になりがちなのは、想定保有期間が6〜10%の取引コストを吸収できるほど長く、大きな値引きなしに売れるほど物件の流動性が高いときだけです。まず保有期間と現金の厚さを決め、営業の物語でなく数字に判断させましょう。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents weighing a first home purchase"],"ja":["初めての住宅購入を検討する居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Property-investment strategy"],"ja":["不動産投資の戦略"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not treat a home as a guaranteed investment in Japan."],"ja":["日本で住まいを確実な投資と見なさないこと。"]},"faqs":["loan-rent-vs-buy","loan-closing-costs","loan-cash-beyond-price","loan-homes-depreciate"],"sources":["mlit-land","mlit-real-estate-library"],"relatedProducts":["flat-35"],"relatedArticles":["mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","rent-vs-buy-japan-guide","cash-needed-to-buy-property"]},{"slug":"cheapest-way-to-send-money","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"The cheapest way to send money abroad from Japan","ja":"日本から海外へ最も安く送金する方法"},"summary":{"en":"Why the exchange-rate markup matters more than the fee, and how to compare.","ja":"手数料より為替マージンが重要な理由と、比較の仕方。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Compare the final recipient amount against the mid-market rate; specialist services like Wise and Revolut usually beat bank wires for personal transfers.","ja":"受取総額を仲値と比較しましょう。個人送金ではWiseやRevolutが銀行送金より安いことが多いです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["The exchange-rate markup usually costs more than the visible fee.","Compare the recipient amount, not the advertised fee.","Wise uses the mid-market rate; Revolut suits multi-currency use.","Bank wires can hide SWIFT and intermediary-bank charges."],"ja":["為替マージンは見える手数料より高くつくことが多い。","宣伝手数料でなく受取額で比較。","Wiseは仲値、Revolutはマルチカレンシー向き。","銀行送金はSWIFT・中継銀行手数料が隠れがち。"]},"sections":[{"id":"where-cost-hides","heading":{"en":"Where the cost hides","ja":"コストが隠れる場所"},"body":{"en":["The advertised transfer fee is often the smaller cost. The bigger one is the exchange-rate markup: the gap between the rate you are given and the true mid-market rate, which is invisible unless you compare against a reference rate. Traditional bank wires can also deduct SWIFT and intermediary-bank fees along the route. The only reliable way to judge cost is the amount the recipient actually receives."],"ja":["宣伝される送金手数料はしばしば小さい方です。より大きいのは為替マージン、つまり提示レートと本当の仲値との差で、基準レートと比較しない限り見えません。従来の銀行送金は、経路の途中でSWIFTや中継銀行の手数料を差し引くこともあります。コストを確実に判断する唯一の方法は、受取人が実際に受け取る金額です。"]}},{"id":"what-to-use","heading":{"en":"What tends to be cheapest","ja":"最も安くなりがちな方法"},"body":{"en":["For most personal transfers, Wise (which shows the mid-market rate with a transparent fee) or Revolut (a multi-currency account with FX allowances) beats a bank wire. The best choice still depends on amount, currency, and destination, so run the specific transfer through a couple of providers and compare recipient amounts. For very large transfers, also check limits and any reporting requirements."],"ja":["多くの個人送金では、Wise（仲値と明示手数料）やRevolut（両替枠つきのマルチカレンシー口座）が銀行送金より安くなります。最適は金額・通貨・送金先で変わるため、実際の送金を2社ほどで試し、受取額を比較しましょう。大口では上限や報告要件も確認を。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone sending money out of Japan","People paying overseas bills or family"],"ja":["日本から送金する方","海外の支払いや家族送金をする方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Business FX hedging strategy"],"ja":["事業の為替ヘッジ戦略"]},"warnings":{"en":["Large transfers can trigger reporting and tax questions."],"ja":["大口は報告・税務の論点を招くことがあります。"]},"faqs":["remit-cheapest","remit-hidden-fees","remit-large-transfer"],"sources":["boj-payments"],"relatedProducts":["wise","revolut"],"relatedArticles":["receiving-money-from-abroad"]},{"slug":"receiving-money-from-abroad","cluster":"remittance","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Receiving money from abroad in Japan","ja":"海外から日本でお金を受け取る"},"summary":{"en":"How to receive foreign funds cheaply and when tax or reporting applies.","ja":"海外資金を安く受け取る方法と、税・報告が関わる場面。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Specialist services can deliver more than a bank wire; whether incoming money is taxable depends on whether it is income and your tax residency.","ja":"専門サービスは銀行送金より多く届くことがあります。課税されるかは、それが所得か、そして居住者区分によります。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Compare providers on the amount that lands in your account.","Receiving your own savings differs from receiving income.","Non-permanent residents can be taxed on remitted foreign income.","Large amounts may require source-of-funds documentation."],"ja":["口座に着金する金額で提供元を比較。","自分の貯蓄の受取と所得の受取は別。","非永住者は送金された国外所得が課税され得る。","大口は資金源の書類が必要なことも。"]},"sections":[{"id":"receiving-cheaply","heading":{"en":"Receiving cheaply","ja":"安く受け取る"},"body":{"en":["The same markup logic applies on the way in: a specialist service or multi-currency account often delivers more yen than a traditional inbound wire, which can lose value to FX markup and intermediary fees. Compare what actually lands in your Japanese account. Keep records of what each transfer is (savings, salary, gift), because that classification matters for tax."],"ja":["受け取り側にも同じマージンの理屈が働きます。専門サービスやマルチカレンシー口座は、為替マージンや中継手数料で目減りしがちな従来の被仕向送金より、多くの円を届けることが多いです。実際に日本の口座に着金する額で比較しましょう。各送金が何か（貯蓄・給与・贈与）を記録してください。税務上その区分が重要です。"]}},{"id":"tax-and-reporting","heading":{"en":"Tax and reporting","ja":"税務と報告"},"body":{"en":["Whether incoming money is taxable depends on what it is and your tax-residency category. Moving your own existing savings is generally not income; receiving foreign salary or business income can be. For non-permanent residents, remitting foreign-source income to Japan can make it taxable. Gifts and inheritances have separate rules. Large transfers may prompt source-of-funds questions. When foreign income is involved, confirm with the NTA or a tax accountant."],"ja":["着金が課税されるかは、その内容と居住者区分によります。自分の既存の貯蓄を移すのは通常は所得ではありませんが、海外の給与や事業所得の受取は課税され得ます。非永住者は、国外源泉所得を日本へ送金すると課税対象になり得ます。贈与・相続は別ルールです。大口は資金源の確認を招くことがあります。国外所得が絡む場合は国税庁や税理士で確認を。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People receiving foreign salary, savings, or gifts","Cross-border households"],"ja":["海外の給与・貯蓄・贈与を受け取る方","国をまたぐ世帯"]},"notFor":{"en":["Inheritance-tax planning","Country-specific treaty advice"],"ja":["相続税対策","国別の租税条約助言"]},"warnings":{"en":["Do not assume incoming money is tax-free; classification matters."],"ja":["着金を非課税と決めつけないこと。区分が重要です。"]},"faqs":["remit-overseas-income","remit-multicurrency","remit-large-transfer"],"sources":["nta-individual","boj-payments"],"relatedProducts":["wise","revolut"],"relatedArticles":["cheapest-way-to-send-money"]},{"slug":"choosing-a-point-ecosystem","cluster":"points","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Choosing a point ecosystem in Japan","ja":"日本でポイント経済圏を選ぶ"},"summary":{"en":"How to concentrate on one ecosystem and value points realistically.","ja":"1つの経済圏に集中し、ポイントを現実的に評価する方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Pick the one ecosystem that matches your bank, card, and phone; concentrating beats spreading thin, and most points are worth about ¥1.","ja":"銀行・カード・携帯に合う1つの経済圏を選びましょう。集中が分散に勝り、多くのポイントは約1円の価値です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Concentrate on one ecosystem that fits your spending.","Most points ≈ ¥1; expiry and store-locking reduce value.","PayPay/Rakuten Pay capture everyday spending fastest.","Never spend more just to earn points."],"ja":["支出に合う1つの経済圏に集中。","多くのポイントは約1円。失効・店舗限定で価値減。","PayPay・楽天ペイは日常支出が最速で貯まる。","ポイントのために余計に使わない。"]},"sections":[{"id":"concentrate","heading":{"en":"Concentrate, do not collect","ja":"集めるのでなく集中する"},"body":{"en":["Japan’s big ecosystems — Rakuten, PayPay, d POINT, V POINT — each link a card, payment app, shopping, and often a phone plan. Bonuses stack when these align, so the winning move is to pick the one that matches where you already bank, shop, and pay your phone bill, then route spending through it. Spreading across several ecosystems dilutes the compounding and leaves small, expiry-prone balances everywhere."],"ja":["日本の主要経済圏（楽天・PayPay・dポイント・Vポイント）は、カード・決済アプリ・買い物、多くは携帯プランを結びます。これらがそろうと特典が重なるため、勝ち筋は、すでに銀行・買い物・携帯で使っている経済圏を1つ選び、支出をそこに集約することです。複数に広げると積み上げが薄まり、失効しやすい小さな残高があちこちに残ります。"]}},{"id":"value","heading":{"en":"Value points honestly","ja":"ポイントを正直に評価する"},"body":{"en":["Treat most major points as worth about ¥1 each when spent on everyday purchases. Discount points that are store-locked or close to expiry, and be skeptical of valuations that assume perfect airline-mile redemptions. Most importantly, points are a modest, tax-free discount on spending you would do anyway — they are never a reason to spend more or open products you do not need."],"ja":["主要ポイントは、日常の支払いに使えば1ポイント約1円と考えましょう。店舗限定や失効間近のポイントは割り引いて評価し、完璧なマイル交換を前提とした価値評価には慎重に。最も大切なのは、ポイントはどのみち行う支出へのささやかな非課税の割引であって、余計に使ったり不要な商品を作ったりする理由には決してならない、ということです。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Residents deciding which ecosystem to commit to"],"ja":["どの経済圏に絞るか決める居住者"]},"notFor":{"en":["Advanced mileage-optimization strategy"],"ja":["高度なマイル最適化戦略"]},"warnings":{"en":["Rewards should never drive extra spending."],"ja":["特典のために余計に使わないこと。"]},"faqs":["points-which-ecosystem","points-value","points-expiry","points-paypay-vs-rakuten"],"sources":["boj-payments"],"relatedProducts":["rakuten-card","epos-card"],"relatedArticles":[]},{"slug":"crypto-tax-in-japan","cluster":"crypto","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Crypto tax in Japan","ja":"日本の暗号資産の税金"},"summary":{"en":"Why crypto is taxed heavily and what counts as a taxable event.","ja":"暗号資産が重く課税される理由と、課税対象になる取引。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Crypto gains are miscellaneous income taxed at your marginal rate (up to ~55% with resident tax); every disposal — including crypto-to-crypto — is taxable.","ja":"暗号資産の利益は雑所得として累進課税（住民税込みで最大約55%）。暗号資産同士の交換を含め、あらゆる処分が課税対象です。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Gains are miscellaneous income, not the ~20% stock rate.","Combined top rate can reach roughly 55%.","Selling, swapping, and spending crypto are all taxable.","Keep detailed records of every transaction."],"ja":["利益は雑所得。株式の約20%ではない。","合計の最高税率は約55%に達し得る。","売却・交換・支払いはすべて課税対象。","全取引の詳細な記録を残す。"]},"sections":[{"id":"how-taxed","heading":{"en":"How crypto is taxed","ja":"課税の仕組み"},"body":{"en":["In Japan, crypto profits are treated as miscellaneous income (雑所得) and taxed at your marginal income-tax rate plus resident tax — combined this can reach roughly 55% at the top brackets, far above the roughly 20% flat rate that applies to listed stocks. There is no special low rate for crypto and no NISA-style shelter. This tax treatment is often the single biggest reason to be cautious."],"ja":["日本では暗号資産の利益は雑所得として、所得税の累進税率＋住民税で課税され、最上位区分では合計約55%に達し得ます。上場株式に適用される約20%の分離課税を大きく上回ります。暗号資産に特別な低税率はなく、NISAのような非課税もありません。この税制は、慎重になるべき最大の理由になることが多いです。"]}},{"id":"taxable-events","heading":{"en":"What counts as a taxable event","ja":"課税対象になる取引"},"body":{"en":["A taxable event is any disposal: selling crypto for yen, swapping one crypto for another, and spending crypto on goods or services all realize a gain or loss measured in yen at the time. Because each event needs a cost basis and yen valuation, you must keep detailed records — dates, amounts, yen values, and fees — and many people use crypto tax-calculation tools. For active trading, a tax accountant is worthwhile."],"ja":["課税対象は「処分」全般です。暗号資産を円で売る、ある暗号資産を別の暗号資産に交換する、暗号資産で商品・サービスを買う——いずれもその時点の円換算で損益が実現します。各取引に取得原価と円評価が必要なため、日付・数量・円換算額・手数料の詳細な記録が必須で、暗号資産の税計算ツールを使う人が多いです。活発に取引するなら税理士が有効です。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["Anyone holding or trading crypto in Japan"],"ja":["日本で暗号資産を保有・取引する方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Investment advice or price predictions"],"ja":["投資助言や価格予想"]},"warnings":{"en":["High tax makes crypto unsuitable for money you cannot lose; records are essential."],"ja":["高税率のため失って困るお金には不向き。記録が不可欠です。"]},"faqs":["crypto-tax","crypto-record"],"sources":["nta-crypto"],"relatedProducts":["bitflyer","bitbank"],"relatedArticles":["choosing-a-registered-exchange"]},{"slug":"choosing-a-registered-exchange","cluster":"crypto","status":"approved","updated":"2026-07-24","title":{"en":"Choosing a registered crypto exchange","ja":"登録済み暗号資産取引所を選ぶ"},"summary":{"en":"Why FSA registration matters and how to avoid unregulated platforms and scams.","ja":"金融庁登録が重要な理由と、無登録・詐欺を避ける方法。"},"shortAnswer":{"en":"Use only FSA-registered, JVCEA-member exchanges (e.g. bitFlyer, bitbank); unregistered offshore platforms remove your protections and are common in scams.","ja":"利用は金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟の取引所（bitFlyer・bitbankなど）のみに。無登録の海外業者は保護を失い詐欺に多いです。"},"keyPoints":{"en":["Only FSA-registered, JVCEA-member exchanges may serve residents.","Check the FSA registered list before depositing.","Unregistered offshore platforms remove legal protections.","Guaranteed returns and “recovery” services are scams."],"ja":["居住者向けは金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟の取引所のみ。","入金前に金融庁の登録一覧を確認。","無登録の海外業者は法的保護を失う。","元本保証や「回収」サービスは詐欺。"]},"sections":[{"id":"registration","heading":{"en":"Why registration matters","ja":"登録が重要な理由"},"body":{"en":["Only exchanges registered with the FSA and belonging to the JVCEA may legally serve residents of Japan, and registration brings custody, segregation, and consumer-protection obligations. Using an unregistered offshore exchange removes those protections, can complicate tax and withdrawals, and is often how fraud operates. Always confirm an exchange appears on the FSA’s registered list before depositing funds."],"ja":["居住者に合法的にサービスを提供できるのは、金融庁に登録しJVCEAに加盟する取引所だけで、登録には保管・分別管理・消費者保護の義務が伴います。無登録の海外取引所を使うとこれらの保護を失い、税務や出金が複雑になり、詐欺の温床にもなりがちです。入金前に、金融庁の登録一覧にその取引所があるか必ず確認しましょう。"]}},{"id":"scams","heading":{"en":"Avoiding scams","ja":"詐欺を避ける"},"body":{"en":["Treat any offer of guaranteed or unusually high returns as a scam — legitimate crypto has no guaranteed return. Be wary of fake exchange apps, social-media “investment coaches,” romance-investment approaches, and especially “recovery” services that promise to retrieve lost funds for a fee (a common second scam targeting victims). Withdraw test amounts first, enable strong security, and never send crypto to someone who contacted you."],"ja":["元本保証や異常に高い利回りの提案はすべて詐欺と考えましょう。正当な暗号資産に保証された利回りはありません。偽の取引所アプリ、SNSの「投資コーチ」、恋愛を装う投資勧誘、そして特に手数料と引き換えに失った資金の「回収」を約束するサービス（被害者を狙う二次詐欺）に注意。まず少額で出金を試し、強固なセキュリティを設定し、向こうから連絡してきた相手に暗号資産を送らないこと。"]}}],"forWho":{"en":["People starting with crypto in Japan","Anyone verifying an exchange is legitimate"],"ja":["日本で暗号資産を始める方","取引所の正当性を確認したい方"]},"notFor":{"en":["Recommendations of specific coins","Trading strategy"],"ja":["特定銘柄の推奨","取引戦略"]},"warnings":{"en":["Never use an unregistered exchange; guaranteed-return offers are always scams."],"ja":["無登録の取引所は使わない。元本保証は常に詐欺です。"]},"faqs":["crypto-registered","crypto-fx-leverage"],"sources":["fsa-registry","jvcea"],"relatedProducts":["bitflyer","bitbank"],"relatedArticles":["crypto-tax-in-japan"]}],"faqs":[{"id":"bank-documents","cluster":"banking","question":{"en":"What do I need to open a bank account in Japan as a foreigner?","ja":"外国人が日本で銀行口座を開くには何が必要ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"You generally need a residence card (在留カード), a Japanese address, and often a Japanese phone number and a personal seal (hanko) or signature. Some banks also ask for a My Number, and a few require six months of residency before opening. Online banks (Rakuten Bank, Sony Bank) and English-friendly banks (SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA) are common starting points. Requirements differ by bank, so confirm on the provider’s page before applying.","ja":"一般に在留カード、日本の住所、多くの場合は日本の電話番号と印鑑（またはサイン）が必要です。マイナンバーを求める銀行や、開設に6か月の在留を要する銀行もあります。ネット銀行（楽天銀行・ソニー銀行）や英語対応の銀行（SMBC信託銀行プレスティア）がよく最初の選択肢になります。条件は銀行ごとに異なるため、申込前に各社のページで確認してください。"},"sources":["immi-residence","jftc-guarantee"],"personas":["newcomer"]},{"id":"bank-english","cluster":"banking","question":{"en":"Which banks in Japan have the best English support?","ja":"日本で英語サポートが手厚い銀行はどこですか？"},"answer":{"en":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA and Sony Bank are the most commonly cited for English-language service, apps, and foreign-currency features. Rakuten Bank and SBI Shinsei Bank offer partial English support. Megabanks have limited English at most branches. If English support is essential, verify the current app language and support hours on the bank’s official site, because these change.","ja":"SMBC信託銀行プレスティアとソニー銀行が、英語対応・アプリ・外貨機能でよく挙げられます。楽天銀行やSBI新生銀行は一部英語対応です。メガバンクは多くの店舗で英語対応が限られます。英語対応が必須なら、変わることがあるため、アプリの言語や対応時間を各行の公式サイトで確認してください。"},"sources":["smbc-prestia","sony-bank"],"personas":["newcomer"]},{"id":"bank-online-vs-mega","cluster":"banking","question":{"en":"Should I use an online bank or a megabank in Japan?","ja":"日本ではネット銀行とメガバンク、どちらを使うべき？"},"answer":{"en":"Online banks (Rakuten Bank, Sony Bank, SBI) usually win on lower fees, better apps, and integration with points and investing. Megabanks (MUFG, SMBC, Mizuho) help when you need physical branches, corporate accounts, or dealings that still expect a major bank. Many residents keep both: a megabank for salary or official uses, and an online bank for daily money and saving.","ja":"ネット銀行（楽天銀行・ソニー銀行・住信SBI）は手数料の安さ・アプリ・ポイントや投資との連携で有利なことが多いです。メガバンク（三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほ）は、店舗・法人口座・大手銀行が前提の取引に役立ちます。給与や公的用途にメガバンク、日常や貯蓄にネット銀行、と両方持つ人も多いです。"},"sources":["boj-payments"],"personas":[]},{"id":"bank-frozen","cluster":"banking","question":{"en":"Why would a Japanese bank freeze or restrict my account?","ja":"日本の銀行口座が凍結・制限されるのはなぜ？"},"answer":{"en":"Common reasons are an expired residence card or out-of-date registered information, suspected fraud or unusual activity, dormancy, or anti-money-laundering checks. Keep your address and residency status updated with the bank, respond promptly to identity-verification requests, and avoid receiving unexplained large transfers. If restricted, contact the bank directly — never through a link in an unexpected message.","ja":"よくある理由は、在留カードの期限切れや登録情報の未更新、不正・異常取引の疑い、長期未使用、マネロン対策の確認などです。住所や在留資格を銀行に更新し、本人確認の依頼には速やかに応じ、説明のつかない大口入金を避けましょう。制限された場合は、突然のメッセージ内のリンクではなく、銀行へ直接連絡してください。"},"sources":["immi-residence"],"personas":[]},{"id":"bank-no-job","cluster":"banking","question":{"en":"Can I open a Japanese bank account without a job?","ja":"無職でも日本の銀行口座は開けますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes, employment is usually not required to open a basic deposit account — a residence card and address are the core requirements. Students and dependents routinely open accounts. Employment matters more for credit cards and loans than for opening a bank account itself. Requirements vary, so check the specific bank.","ja":"はい。基本的な預金口座の開設に就労は通常必須ではなく、在留カードと住所が中心の条件です。学生や被扶養者も普通に開設します。就労は口座開設よりも、クレジットカードやローンで重視されます。条件は銀行により異なるため、各行で確認してください。"},"sources":["jftc-guarantee"],"personas":["newcomer","student"]},{"id":"card-foreigner-approval","cluster":"credit-cards","question":{"en":"Can foreigners get a credit card in Japan?","ja":"外国人でも日本でクレジットカードを作れますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes. Approval depends on stable income and residency, not nationality — but your foreign credit history does not transfer, so you start fresh. Accessible first cards include Rakuten Card and Epos Card. Longer residency, a stable job, and having a Japanese bank account improve your odds. A longer-validity residence card also helps.","ja":"はい。審査は国籍ではなく、安定した収入と在留状況で判断されます。ただし海外の信用履歴は引き継がれないため、ゼロから始まります。作りやすい最初の1枚には楽天カードやエポスカードがあります。在留期間が長い・安定した職・日本の銀行口座があると通りやすくなります。在留カードの残存期間が長いことも有利です。"},"sources":["cic-credit","rakuten-card"],"personas":["newcomer"]},{"id":"card-rejected","cluster":"credit-cards","question":{"en":"Why was my Japanese credit card application rejected?","ja":"日本のクレジットカード審査に落ちたのはなぜ？"},"answer":{"en":"Issuers generally do not disclose an individual rejection reason, so explanations about income, employment, residency or nationality are speculation. Check that your application was accurate, avoid several reactive applications, and consider requesting your own registered information from CIC or JICC before deciding whether to reapply.","ja":"発行会社は通常、個別の否決理由を開示しないため、収入・勤続・在留状況・国籍などの説明は推測にすぎません。申込内容が正確だったか確認し、反応的な複数申込を避け、再申込を判断する前にCIC・JICCで自分の登録情報を開示請求する方法もあります。"},"sources":["cic-credit","jicc-credit"],"personas":[]},{"id":"card-riborai","cluster":"credit-cards","question":{"en":"What is リボ払い (revolving payment) and should I avoid it?","ja":"リボ払いとは何ですか？避けるべき？"},"answer":{"en":"リボ払い (revolving payment) spreads your balance into small monthly payments while charging high effective interest — often around 15% a year. It is sometimes on by default or promoted with point bonuses. For most people it is best avoided: choose 一括払い (pay in full) each month so you pay no interest. Check your card’s payment setting and switch off automatic revolving if you did not intend it.","ja":"リボ払いは残高を毎月少額に分割する一方、実質年率で高い利息（多くは年15%前後）がかかります。初期設定でオンだったり、ポイント特典で勧められることもあります。多くの人には避けるのが無難で、毎月「一括払い」を選べば利息はかかりません。カードの支払い設定を確認し、意図しない自動リボはオフにしましょう。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"card-first-card","cluster":"credit-cards","question":{"en":"What is a good first credit card in Japan?","ja":"日本での最初のクレジットカードは何が良い？"},"answer":{"en":"Compare a first card by stated eligibility, fixed cost, payment settings, and where you can redeem points—not supposed approval ease. Rakuten Card and Epos Card are two no-annual-fee examples with different point programs and card features. The best fit is usually tied to where you already spend. Confirm current terms on the issuer’s site.","ja":"最初の1枚は、審査の通りやすさではなく、発行会社が示す申込条件・固定費・支払設定・ポイントの使い道で比較します。楽天カードとエポスカードは、ポイント制度や機能が異なる年会費無料の例です。普段の支出に合うものを選び、最新条件を公式サイトで確認してください。"},"sources":["rakuten-card","epos-card"],"personas":["newcomer"]},{"id":"card-annual-fee","cluster":"credit-cards","question":{"en":"Are annual-fee credit cards worth it in Japan?","ja":"年会費のあるクレジットカードは日本で価値がありますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Only if you actually use the benefits. Annual-fee cards can pay for themselves through travel insurance, airport-lounge access, higher point multipliers, or concierge services — but if you would not otherwise use those, a no-annual-fee card is better. Add up the concrete value you will use in a year and compare it to the fee.","ja":"特典を実際に使う場合に限ります。年会費ありのカードは、旅行保険・空港ラウンジ・高いポイント倍率・コンシェルジュなどで元を取れることもありますが、使わないなら年会費無料のカードが有利です。1年で実際に使う具体的な価値を合計し、年会費と比べましょう。"},"sources":["amex-jp"],"personas":[]},{"id":"nisa-eligibility","cluster":"investing","question":{"en":"Can foreign residents open a NISA account in Japan?","ja":"外国人居住者でもNISA口座を開けますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Generally yes, if you are a tax resident of Japan (with a My Number) and at least 18. NISA is tied to residency, not citizenship, so most foreign residents qualify — with two big cautions: US citizens and green-card holders face US tax complications with Japanese funds, and NISA generally cannot continue after you leave Japan. Confirm eligibility and the current rules on the FSA site and with your chosen brokerage.","ja":"原則として、日本の税務上の居住者（マイナンバーあり）で18歳以上なら開設できます。NISAは国籍でなく居住に紐づくため、多くの外国人居住者が対象です。ただし大きな注意が2つ。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は日本の投信で米国税の問題があり、NISAは出国後は原則継続できません。適格性と最新ルールは金融庁と利用する証券会社で確認を。"},"sources":["fsa-nisa"],"personas":["newcomer","investor"]},{"id":"nisa-leaving-japan","cluster":"investing","question":{"en":"What happens to my NISA if I leave Japan?","ja":"日本を離れたらNISAはどうなりますか？"},"answer":{"en":"NISA is a benefit for residents. When you lose Japanese tax residency you generally cannot keep contributing, and brokerages differ on whether the account is closed, frozen, or must be sold — some allow a temporary overseas-resident continuation for limited periods. Because the tax treatment of unwinding matters, plan your exit before building a large balance and ask your brokerage about their specific offshore policy.","ja":"NISAは居住者向けの制度です。日本の税務上の居住者でなくなると、原則として新たな拠出はできず、口座を閉鎖するか凍結するか売却が必要かは証券会社で異なります（一定期間の海外転出継続を認める場合もあります）。解消時の税務も重要なため、残高が大きくなる前に出国計画を立て、証券会社の海外居住者向け方針を確認しましょう。"},"sources":["fsa-nisa"],"personas":["leaving-japan","investor"]},{"id":"nisa-us-citizen","cluster":"investing","question":{"en":"Should US citizens use NISA or Japanese mutual funds?","ja":"米国市民はNISAや日本の投資信託を使うべき？"},"answer":{"en":"Be very careful. Japanese mutual funds and ETFs are usually PFICs (Passive Foreign Investment Companies) for US tax, which triggers punitive US taxation and heavy Form 8621 reporting — and the NISA tax exemption does not apply to the US. Many US persons in Japan avoid Japanese pooled funds and instead hold US-domiciled assets, but rules are complex. Get advice from a cross-border US/Japan tax professional before investing.","ja":"慎重に。日本の投資信託やETFは米国税制上ほぼPFIC（受動的外国投資会社）に該当し、懲罰的な課税と重いForm 8621の報告を招きます。NISAの非課税は米国には適用されません。日本在住の米国関係者の多くは日本のファンドを避け、米国籍の資産を持ちますが、ルールは複雑です。投資前に日米クロスボーダー税務の専門家に相談を。"},"sources":["fsa-nisa"],"personas":["us-person","investor"]},{"id":"nisa-vs-ideco-q","cluster":"investing","question":{"en":"NISA or iDeCo — which should I use first?","ja":"NISAとiDeCo、どちらを先に使うべき？"},"answer":{"en":"They solve different problems. NISA is flexible: tax-free growth and you can withdraw anytime, making it the usual first choice. iDeCo gives a larger up-front tax break (contributions cut your taxable income) but locks money until age 60 and suits committed retirement saving. Many use NISA first for flexibility, then add iDeCo for the deduction if they are confident they will not need the money before 60. If you may leave Japan, iDeCo’s lock-up is a bigger drawback.","ja":"目的が異なります。NISAは柔軟で、運用益が非課税でいつでも引き出せるため、最初の選択になりがちです。iDeCoは今の税制優遇が大きい（掛金が課税所得を減らす）一方、原則60歳まで引き出せず、老後資金の積立に向きます。柔軟性のためまずNISA、60歳前に使わない自信があれば控除目当てにiDeCoを足す人が多いです。出国の可能性があるなら、iDeCoの拘束は大きな難点です。"},"sources":["fsa-nisa","ideco-official"],"personas":["investor"]},{"id":"invest-beginner-fund","cluster":"investing","question":{"en":"What should a beginner invest in inside NISA?","ja":"NISAの中で初心者は何に投資すべき？"},"answer":{"en":"This is education, not a recommendation. Most beginners research low-cost, broadly diversified index funds — for example all-country (全世界株式) or S&P 500 trackers — rather than picking individual stocks, because low fees and diversification are within your control while returns are not. Understand that values fall as well as rise, match the risk to your time horizon, and never invest money you may need soon.","ja":"これは教育情報で、推奨ではありません。初心者の多くは、低コストで幅広く分散されたインデックス投信（全世界株式やS&P500など）を調べます。個別株選びより、手数料の低さと分散は自分で管理でき、リターンは管理できないためです。値は上下すること、リスクを投資期間に合わせること、近く必要なお金は投資しないことを理解しましょう。"},"sources":["fsa-nisa"],"personas":["investor"]},{"id":"tax-resident-status","cluster":"tax","question":{"en":"How does tax residency work in Japan?","ja":"日本の税務上の居住者区分はどう決まる？"},"answer":{"en":"For tax, Japan classifies you as non-resident, non-permanent resident, or permanent resident — separate from your immigration status. Broadly: non-residents are taxed only on Japan-source income; non-permanent residents (in Japan under 5 of the last 10 years, without permanent intent) are taxed on Japan-source income plus foreign income paid in or remitted to Japan; permanent residents (for tax) are taxed on worldwide income. This affects foreign income and investments, so confirm your category with the NTA or a tax accountant.","ja":"税務上、日本は在留資格とは別に、非居住者・非永住者・永住者に区分します。おおまかに、非居住者は日本源泉所得のみ課税、非永住者（過去10年で日本在住5年以下で永住意思なし）は日本源泉所得＋日本での支払い・送金分の国外所得に課税、税務上の永住者は全世界所得に課税されます。国外所得や投資に影響するため、区分は国税庁や税理士で確認を。"},"sources":["nta-individual"],"personas":["newcomer"]},{"id":"tax-need-to-file","cluster":"tax","question":{"en":"Do I need to file a tax return in Japan?","ja":"日本で確定申告は必要ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Many employees do not, because tax is settled by year-end adjustment (年末調整). You generally must file (確定申告) if you have side income over ¥200,000, two or more employers, self-employment income, sizeable investment or crypto gains, or you want to claim deductions like large medical costs or a first-year mortgage credit. Filing season is Feb 16 – Mar 15 via e-Tax. When unsure, check the NTA guidance or ask a 税理士.","ja":"多くの会社員は年末調整で完結するため不要です。副収入が20万円超、給与が2か所以上、自営の所得、まとまった投資・暗号資産の利益がある場合、または医療費控除や初年度の住宅ローン控除などを受けたい場合は、原則として確定申告が必要です。申告期間は2月16日〜3月15日でe-Taxを利用できます。不明なときは国税庁の案内や税理士に確認を。"},"sources":["nta-individual","nta-etax"],"personas":["freelancer","investor"]},{"id":"tax-resident-tax-timing","cluster":"tax","question":{"en":"Why did I get a big resident tax bill in my second year?","ja":"なぜ2年目に住民税の請求が大きく来たの？"},"answer":{"en":"Resident tax (住民税, about 10%) is charged the year after the income is earned, based on the previous year’s income. So in your first year you often pay little, and in your second year you get a bill for your full first-year income. The same lag means people who stop working or leave Japan can still owe resident tax afterward. Budget for it in advance.","ja":"住民税（約10%）は前年の所得に基づき、稼いだ翌年に課税されます。そのため1年目は負担が少なく、2年目に1年目の所得分の請求が来ます。同じ時差により、退職や出国の後でも住民税が発生することがあります。あらかじめ備えておきましょう。"},"sources":["nta-individual"],"personas":["newcomer","leaving-japan"]},{"id":"tax-furusato","cluster":"tax","question":{"en":"What is Furusato Nozei and is it worth it?","ja":"ふるさと納税とは？やる価値はある？"},"answer":{"en":"Furusato Nozei (ふるさと納税) lets you donate to local governments and receive local gifts (food, goods) while deducting almost all of the donation from your resident and income tax — you effectively pay ¥2,000 out of pocket for the gifts. It is worth it for most taxpayers with sufficient income, up to a limit based on your income and family situation. Use the official rules and a limit simulator, and keep the paperwork (One-Stop or tax return) to claim the deduction.","ja":"ふるさと納税は、自治体に寄付して返礼品（食品・物品）を受け取りつつ、寄付額のほぼ全額を住民税・所得税から控除できる制度です。実質2,000円の自己負担で返礼品を得られます。十分な所得のある多くの納税者にとって有利で、控除上限は所得や家族構成で決まります。公式ルールと上限シミュレーターを使い、控除に必要な書類（ワンストップ特例または確定申告）を保管しましょう。"},"sources":["nta-furusato"],"personas":[]},{"id":"tax-crypto","cluster":"tax","question":{"en":"How is cryptocurrency taxed in Japan?","ja":"日本で暗号資産はどう課税される？"},"answer":{"en":"Crypto profits are treated as miscellaneous income (雑所得) and taxed at your marginal rate — combined with resident tax this can reach roughly 55%, unlike the ~20% flat rate for listed stocks. Every disposal is taxable, including selling for yen, trading one crypto for another, and spending crypto on goods. You must track cost basis and calculate gains, so recordkeeping tools are important, and larger activity often warrants a tax accountant.","ja":"暗号資産の利益は雑所得として累進税率で課税され、住民税と合わせて最大約55%になり得ます。上場株式の約20%の分離課税とは異なります。円への売却、暗号資産同士の交換、暗号資産での支払いなど、あらゆる処分が課税対象です。取得原価を追跡して損益を計算する必要があるため記録ツールが重要で、取引が多い場合は税理士への相談が有効です。"},"sources":["nta-crypto"],"personas":["investor"]},{"id":"tax-200000-rule","cluster":"tax","question":{"en":"Is the ¥200,000 side-income rule based on revenue or profit?","ja":"副収入20万円ルールは売上と利益のどっち？"},"answer":{"en":"It is income after related expenses, not gross revenue. A one-job employee generally must file a national return when non-employment, non-retirement income exceeds ¥200,000 (measured after expenses). Exactly ¥200,000 does not trigger it — the rule is “exceeds.” Importantly, even below ¥200,000 your municipality usually still expects a resident-tax declaration of that income, so the ¥200,000 relief is national-tax only.","ja":"売上ではなく必要経費控除後の所得で判定します。1か所給与の会社員は、給与・退職以外の所得（経費控除後）が20万円を超えると原則、国の確定申告が必要です。ちょうど20万円では発生せず「超える」場合です。重要な点として、20万円以下でも自治体は通常その所得の住民税申告を求めるため、20万円特例は所得税のみの緩和です。"},"sources":["nta-employee-filing"],"personas":["freelancer"]},{"id":"tax-deduction-vs-credit","cluster":"tax","question":{"en":"What is the difference between a deduction and a tax credit?","ja":"所得控除と税額控除の違いは？"},"answer":{"en":"An income deduction (所得控除) reduces the income you are taxed on, so its value is roughly your marginal rate times the deduction — a ¥300,000 medical deduction at a 20% rate saves about ¥60,000 of national tax, plus some resident tax. A tax credit (税額控除), such as the housing-loan credit, reduces the calculated tax directly, so a ¥300,000 credit can cut tax by up to ¥300,000. A deduction is not a refund of its full amount.","ja":"所得控除は課税される所得を減らすため、価値はおおよそ限界税率×控除額です。20%の人の30万円の医療費控除は国税で約6万円、加えて住民税も少し減ります。住宅ローン控除などの税額控除は算出税額を直接減らすため、30万円の税額控除は最大30万円の減税になり得ます。控除額がそのまま還付される訳ではありません。"},"sources":["nta-basic-deduction"],"personas":[]},{"id":"tax-medical-deduction","cluster":"tax","question":{"en":"How does the medical expense deduction work?","ja":"医療費控除はどう使う？"},"answer":{"en":"Deduct qualifying medical costs you paid in the year for yourself or family sharing your livelihood, minus reimbursements and a ¥100,000 threshold (or 5% of total income if that is below ¥2M), capped at a ¥2M deduction. Example: ¥500,000 costs − ¥100,000 reimbursement − ¥100,000 threshold = ¥300,000. You file a return (not year-end adjustment), submit a statement, and keep receipts five years. You cannot combine it with the self-medication deduction in the same year.","ja":"本人や生計を一にする家族のためにその年に払った対象医療費から、補填と10万円（総所得200万円未満なら5%）のしきい値を引いた額を、上限200万円で控除します。例：費用50万円−補填10万円−しきい値10万円＝30万円。年末調整ではなく確定申告で、明細書を提出し領収書は5年保管します。同一年にセルフメディケーション税制とは併用できません。"},"sources":["nta-medical-deduction"],"personas":[]},{"id":"tax-yea-vs-return","cluster":"tax","question":{"en":"Is year-end adjustment the same as filing a tax return?","ja":"年末調整と確定申告は同じ？"},"answer":{"en":"No. Year-end adjustment (年末調整) is your employer reconciling the income tax on the salary they paid, applying the basic, spouse, dependent, social-insurance, and insurance deductions. A final return (確定申告) is you reporting all income. Even after year-end adjustment you must file for side income over ¥200,000, medical expenses, donations beyond one-stop, or the first mortgage-credit year. Year-end adjustment does not cure unreported side, rental, overseas, or investment income.","ja":"いいえ。年末調整は、会社が支払った給与の所得税を、基礎・配偶者・扶養・社会保険料・保険料控除を適用して精算する手続きです。確定申告は本人が全所得を申告するものです。年末調整後でも、20万円超の副収入・医療費・ワンストップを超える寄付・住宅ローン控除初年度は申告が必要です。年末調整は未申告の副業・不動産・国外・投資所得を精算しません。"},"sources":["nta-year-end-adjustment"],"personas":[]},{"id":"tax-late-filing","cluster":"tax","question":{"en":"What happens if I file or pay my taxes late?","ja":"申告や納付が遅れたらどうなる？"},"answer":{"en":"You can still file late (期限後申告), and filing voluntarily before the tax office contacts you reduces the non-filing penalty. Separately, delinquent tax (延滞税) accrues on unpaid tax from the day after the deadline — roughly 2.8% then 9.1% in 2026. Concealment triggers a heavier aggravated penalty. If you cannot pay, contact the tax office about a grace of payment (up to a year) rather than ignoring the bill.","ja":"期限後でも期限後申告でき、税務署に接触される前の自主申告なら無申告加算税は軽くなります。別に延滞税が期限の翌日から未納の税に発生し、2026年はおおむね当初2.8%、その後9.1%です。仮装隠蔽には重い重加算税がかかります。払えない場合は放置せず、納税の猶予（最長1年）を税務署に相談してください。"},"sources":["nta-penalties","nta-delinquent-tax"],"personas":[]},{"id":"tax-consumption-threshold","cluster":"tax","question":{"en":"Is the ¥10 million consumption-tax threshold based on profit?","ja":"消費税1,000万円は利益で判定するの？"},"answer":{"en":"No — it is taxable sales in the base period (for an individual, normally the year two years earlier), not profit. A low-margin business with high turnover can be liable while a high-profit consultancy with modest billings may not. The exemption can also be lost by the specified-period test, a voluntary election, succession, or — importantly — registering as a qualified-invoice issuer, which makes you taxable regardless of sales.","ja":"いいえ。利益ではなく基準期間（個人は原則2年前）の課税売上で判定します。薄利で回転の高い事業は課税事業者になり得え、少額請求で高利益のコンサルはならないこともあります。免税は、特定期間の判定・課税事業者選択・事業承継、そして重要な点として適格請求書発行事業者への登録によっても失われ、登録すると売上に関係なく課税事業者になります。"},"sources":["nta-consumption-tax"],"personas":["freelancer"]},{"id":"tax-invoice-register","cluster":"tax","question":{"en":"Should I register for the invoice system (インボイス)?","ja":"インボイス登録はすべき？"},"answer":{"en":"It depends on your clients. Registering as a qualified-invoice issuer lets business customers claim input-tax credit on what they pay you, but it makes you liable for consumption tax you were exempt from. Weigh how much revenue comes from business clients who need input credit, and the risk of lost work or discounts, against the tax and compliance cost. The temporary 20% special measure can cap early-year liability. This is a good first-registration question for a 税理士.","ja":"取引先次第です。適格請求書発行事業者に登録すると、取引先はあなたへの支払いで仕入税額控除を受けられますが、あなたは免税だった消費税の納税義務を負います。仕入税額控除が必要な事業者からの売上割合や、失注・値引きのリスクを、税・事務負担と比べます。経過的な2割特例で初期の負担を抑えられます。初回登録は税理士に相談すべき論点です。"},"sources":["nta-invoice","nta-invoice-2wari"],"personas":["freelancer"]},{"id":"tax-stock-losses","cluster":"tax","question":{"en":"Can I use stock losses to reduce my tax?","ja":"株の損失で節税できる？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes, if you file. A listed-share loss can be offset against listed-share gains and, by election, eligible dividends, and any remaining loss carries forward up to three years — but only if you file a return every year in the window, even a no-gain year. Note NISA losses cannot offset taxable gains, and filing to use losses also adds the income to resident-tax measures, which can raise health-insurance premiums.","ja":"申告すれば可能です。上場株式の損失は、上場株式の利益や（選択で）対象配当と通算でき、残額は最大3年繰り越せますが、利益のない年も含め繰越期間中は毎年申告した場合に限ります。NISAの損失は課税口座の利益と通算できず、損失利用の申告は住民税の指標にも所得が加わり国保料を上げ得る点に注意。"},"sources":["nta-listed-shares"],"personas":["investor"]},{"id":"tax-us-citizen","cluster":"tax","question":{"en":"I am a US citizen in Japan — do I still file US taxes?","ja":"在日の米国市民ですが米国の申告も必要？"},"answer":{"en":"Generally yes. The US taxes citizens and green-card holders on worldwide income even while resident in Japan, so you usually file in both countries. The foreign tax credit and foreign earned income exclusion reduce double taxation but must be claimed on a US return. Japanese accounts and funds can trigger FBAR, FATCA, and possible PFIC issues that Japanese tax software does not handle — use a Japan 税理士 together with a US CPA/EA.","ja":"原則として必要です。米国は市民・グリーンカード保有者の全世界所得に、日本居住中でも課税するため、通常は両国で申告します。外国税額控除や外国所得除外は二重課税を緩和しますが米国申告で請求します。日本の口座やファンドはFBAR・FATCA・PFICの論点を生じさせ、日本の税務ソフトでは扱えません。日本の税理士と米国のCPA/EAを併用しましょう。"},"sources":["irs-abroad","mof-us-japan-treaty"],"personas":["us-person"]},{"id":"tax-leaving-japan","cluster":"tax","question":{"en":"What do I need to do about tax when I leave Japan?","ja":"出国するとき税金でやることは？"},"answer":{"en":"Complete the departure-year return before leaving, or appoint a tax agent (納税管理人) to file afterward from within Japan. Resident tax on the prior year survives departure, so arrange payment with your municipality. Test exit-tax exposure (it can apply at ¥100M of specified financial assets), and if you had employee pension, consider a lump-sum withdrawal — a tax agent can often reclaim much of the 20.42% withheld by applying retirement-income treatment.","ja":"出国前に出国年の申告を済ませるか、納税管理人を選任して出国後に日本国内から申告します。前年分の住民税は出国後も残るため、市区町村と納付を手配します。出国税の該当（特定金融資産1億円で及び得る）を確認し、厚生年金があれば脱退一時金を検討します。退職所得課税を適用することで、源泉徴収された20.42%の多くを納税管理人経由で還付できることが多いです。"},"sources":["nta-leaving-japan","nta-tax-agent"],"personas":["leaving-japan"]},{"id":"freelance-open","cluster":"freelancers","question":{"en":"How do I register as a freelancer (sole proprietor) in Japan?","ja":"日本でフリーランス（個人事業主）として開業するには？"},"answer":{"en":"File a notification of business opening (開業届) with your local tax office within about a month of starting — it is free and short. At the same time, file the blue-return application (青色申告承認申請書) to unlock the up-to-¥650,000 deduction. You keep your existing visa status if it permits the work; some visa types need permission for self-employment, so check your residence status first.","ja":"事業開始からおよそ1か月以内に、所轄の税務署へ開業届を提出します（無料で簡単です）。同時に青色申告承認申請書を出すと、最大65万円の控除が使えます。その仕事が認められる在留資格ならビザはそのままですが、自営に許可が要る資格もあるため、まず在留資格を確認してください。"},"sources":["nta-blue","immi-residence"],"personas":["freelancer"]},{"id":"freelance-blue-return","cluster":"freelancers","question":{"en":"What is the blue return (青色申告) and is it worth it?","ja":"青色申告とは？やる価値はある？"},"answer":{"en":"The blue return is a filing status that rewards proper bookkeeping. With double-entry books filed electronically, you can deduct up to ¥650,000 from your income, carry losses forward for three years, and deduct family salaries. The trade-off is more disciplined recordkeeping — which cloud accounting software largely automates. For most freelancers with steady income, the tax saving clearly outweighs the effort.","ja":"青色申告は、きちんとした帳簿づけに報いる申告方式です。複式簿記を電子申告すれば、所得から最大65万円を控除でき、損失を3年間繰り越せ、家族への給与も経費にできます。代わりに記帳の手間が増えますが、クラウド会計ソフトが大部分を自動化します。安定収入のある多くのフリーランスにとって、節税効果は手間を明確に上回ります。"},"sources":["nta-blue"],"personas":["freelancer"]},{"id":"freelance-invoice","cluster":"freelancers","question":{"en":"Do I need to register for the invoice system (インボイス) as a freelancer?","ja":"フリーランスはインボイス制度に登録すべき？"},"answer":{"en":"It depends on your clients. Registering gives you a T-number so business clients can claim consumption-tax input credits on what they pay you — but it also makes you a consumption-tax payer, adding cost and paperwork. If your clients are consumers or tax-exempt small businesses, registering may add cost for no benefit. If your clients are companies that demand qualified invoices, not registering can cost you work. Weigh your client base; a transitional credit for buyers from unregistered suppliers is stepping down over time.","ja":"取引先次第です。登録すると登録番号（T番号）が得られ、事業者である取引先はあなたへの支払いで仕入税額控除を受けられます。ただし登録すると消費税の課税事業者になり、コストと事務が増えます。取引先が消費者や免税の小規模事業者なら、登録は利点なくコストだけ増えることも。適格請求書を求める企業が取引先なら、未登録は失注につながり得ます。取引先構成で判断を。未登録事業者からの仕入れに対する経過措置の控除は段階的に縮小します。"},"sources":["nta-invoice"],"personas":["freelancer"]},{"id":"freelance-reserve","cluster":"freelancers","question":{"en":"How much should a freelancer set aside for taxes in Japan?","ja":"フリーランスは税金のためにどれくらい積み立てるべき？"},"answer":{"en":"A common rule of thumb is to reserve 20–35% of profit for income tax, resident tax, national pension, and national health insurance combined — higher as your income rises, because income tax is progressive. Remember resident tax and health-insurance premiums are billed based on the prior year, so your bills lag your income. Set the reserve aside in a separate account each month rather than facing it all at filing time.","ja":"目安として、利益の20〜35%を、所得税・住民税・国民年金・国民健康保険の合計として積み立てるとよいです。所得税は累進のため、所得が上がるほど比率も上げます。住民税や健康保険料は前年基準で請求されるため、支払いは所得に遅れて来ます。申告時にまとめて向き合うのではなく、毎月別口座に取り分けておきましょう。"},"sources":["nta-individual"],"personas":["freelancer"]},{"id":"freelance-health-insurance","cluster":"freelancers","question":{"en":"What about pension and health insurance when self-employed in Japan?","ja":"日本で自営のとき、年金と健康保険はどうなる？"},"answer":{"en":"As a sole proprietor you generally enroll in National Health Insurance (国民健康保険) and the National Pension (国民年金), and you pay both yourself — there is no employer split. National Pension is a flat monthly amount; National Health Insurance premiums are income-based and billed by your municipality. You can add optional coverage (e.g. the national pension fund, iDeCo, or income-protection insurance) to close gaps. Budget these into your tax reserve.","ja":"個人事業主は原則、国民健康保険と国民年金に加入し、いずれも自己負担で支払います（会社との折半はありません）。国民年金は定額、国民健康保険は所得連動で自治体が請求します。不足を補うため、国民年金基金・iDeCo・就業不能保険などの任意の備えを足せます。これらも税金の積立に含めて計画しましょう。"},"sources":["jps-international","mhlw-insurance"],"personas":["freelancer"]},{"id":"freelance-what-taxes","cluster":"freelancers","question":{"en":"What taxes does a freelancer pay in Japan?","ja":"日本のフリーランスはどんな税金を払う？"},"answer":{"en":"A sole proprietor pays national income tax (progressive) and local resident tax (~10%), both on business profit after expenses and deductions, plus National Pension and National Health Insurance premiums that you fund yourself. If your taxable sales pass ¥10 million — or you register for the invoice system — consumption tax is added. Resident tax and health-insurance premiums are based on the prior year, so bills lag income. Confirm current rates and deductions each year, as recent reforms have moved the basic deduction and thresholds.","ja":"個人事業主は、経費と控除を引いた事業所得に対する国の所得税（累進）と住民税（約10%）を払い、加えて国民年金と国民健康保険を自分で負担します。課税売上が1,000万円を超える、またはインボイス登録をすると消費税が加わります。住民税や健康保険料は前年基準のため、支払いは所得に遅れます。基礎控除や各種の壁は近年の改正で動いているため、税率と控除は毎年確認してください。"},"sources":["nta-individual","nta-blue"],"personas":["freelancer"]},{"id":"freelance-consumption-tax-when","cluster":"freelancers","question":{"en":"When does a freelancer have to pay consumption tax in Japan?","ja":"フリーランスはいつ消費税を払う？"},"answer":{"en":"By default you are an exempt business until taxable sales in the base period (for an individual, the year two years earlier) exceed ¥10 million; a specified-period test on the prior year’s first half can also trigger it. However, registering for the invoice system to issue a T-number makes you a taxable business even below ¥10 million. Taxable businesses can often reduce the calculation using simplified taxation or the temporary 20% special measure, both of which are date-sensitive and being revised through 2026–2029 — confirm your year with the NTA or a 税理士.","ja":"原則は、基準期間（個人なら2年前）の課税売上が1,000万円を超えるまで免税事業者です。前年上半期の特定期間の判定でも課税事業者になり得ます。ただしインボイス登録をしてT番号を発行すると、1,000万円以下でも課税事業者になります。課税事業者は簡易課税や時限の2割特例で計算を軽くできることが多く、いずれも日付に敏感で2026〜2029年にかけ見直し中です。自分の課税年を国税庁または税理士で確認してください。"},"sources":["nta-consumption-tax","nta-invoice-2wari"],"personas":["freelancer"]},{"id":"freelance-which-software","cluster":"freelancers","question":{"en":"Which accounting software is best for freelancers in Japan?","ja":"フリーランスに向いた会計ソフトは？"},"answer":{"en":"freee, Money Forward Cloud, and Yayoi all import bank and card data, keep double-entry books, and produce blue-return forms and e-Tax data. freee is guided and beginner-friendly; Money Forward Cloud is more flexible with broad integrations; Yayoi is the long-established option with the widest tax-accountant familiarity. All three interfaces are Japanese-only, so budget for some Japanese or a helper. Compare current plans at the tier level and try a trial rather than choosing on brand or headline price.","ja":"freee・マネーフォワード クラウド・弥生は、いずれも銀行・カードを取り込み、複式簿記を作り、青色申告書類とe-Taxデータを出力します。freeeは案内型で初心者向け、マネーフォワード クラウドは柔軟で連携が豊富、弥生は実績が長く税理士の習熟が広いです。3つとも画面は日本語のみのため、多少の日本語や助けを見込みましょう。ブランドや表示価格ではなく、現行プランをプラン単位で比較し、体験版で試してから選びましょう。"},"sources":["freee","mf-cloud","yayoi"],"personas":["freelancer"]},{"id":"freelance-retirement-toolkit","cluster":"freelancers","question":{"en":"How can a self-employed person save for retirement in Japan tax-efficiently?","ja":"自営業者は退職準備をどう節税しながら行う？"},"answer":{"en":"Self-employed savers can stack deductible schemes. Small-business mutual aid (小規模企業共済) allows ¥1,000–70,000/month (up to ¥840,000/year), fully deductible, paid out when you close or retire the business. iDeCo lets the self-employed contribute up to ¥68,000/month, a ceiling shared with the National Pension Fund. The extra pension (付加年金) cheaply raises the state pension. All reduce this year’s taxable income while building your own safety net; lump-sum payout timing rules interact, so plan large withdrawals with a professional.","ja":"自営業者は控除できる制度を重ねられます。小規模企業共済は月1,000〜70,000円（年最大84万円）を全額控除で積み立て、廃業・引退時に受け取ります。iDeCoは自営業者なら月最大68,000円を拠出でき、この枠は国民年金基金と共通です。付加年金は国の年金を安く増やします。いずれも今年の課税所得を下げつつ自分の備えを作ります。一時金の受取時期のルールは相互に影響するため、大きな受取は専門家と計画しましょう。"},"sources":["smrj-kyosai","ideco-official-freelance"],"personas":["freelancer"]},{"id":"freelance-withholding","cluster":"freelancers","question":{"en":"Why is tax withheld from my freelance payments in Japan?","ja":"フリーランスの報酬から税金が引かれるのはなぜ？"},"answer":{"en":"For certain fees paid to individuals — writing, design, translation, lectures, and some professional services — the paying company must withhold income tax at source (about 10.21%) and remit it for you, so the deposit arrives smaller than the invoice. This is a prepayment, not a loss: when you file, you total the tax already withheld from each client’s payment record and credit it against what you owe, which often produces a refund. Track withholding per client so you claim all of it and don’t effectively pay twice.","ja":"個人に支払われる一定の報酬——原稿・デザイン・翻訳・講演や一部の士業報酬など——について、支払う会社は源泉所得税（約10.21%）を差し引き、あなたに代わって納付します。そのため入金は請求額より少なくなります。これは損ではなく前払いです。申告時に、取引先ごとの支払調書に示された源泉税を合計し納税額から差し引くため、しばしば還付になります。取引先ごとに源泉を記録し、全額を精算して二重払いを避けましょう。"},"sources":["nta-withholding"],"personas":["freelancer"]},{"id":"freelance-side-business","cluster":"freelancers","question":{"en":"Do I need to file taxes on a side business while employed in Japan?","ja":"会社員の副業は確定申告が必要？"},"answer":{"en":"Possibly, even under the often-cited ¥200,000 line. That figure is a national income-tax filing-obligation rule for certain employees settled by year-end adjustment — not a tax-free allowance — and a separate resident-tax declaration to your municipality can still be required. Whether the income is business income (which unlocks the blue return and loss offset) or miscellaneous income depends mainly on running the activity like a business and keeping proper books. If you intend it to be a real business, file the opening notification and keep double-entry records from the start.","ja":"よく言われる20万円以下でも必要な場合があります。あの数字は、年末調整で完結する一部の会社員の国の所得税の申告義務に関するもので、非課税枠ではありません。自治体への住民税申告は別途必要なことがあります。その所得が事業所得（青色申告・損益通算が使える）か雑所得かは、事業的に運営し適切に記帳しているかで主に決まります。本当の事業にするなら、最初から開業届を出し複式簿記で記録しましょう。"},"sources":["nta-income-vs-misc","nta-individual"],"personas":["freelancer"]},{"id":"freelance-what-expenses","cluster":"freelancers","question":{"en":"What can a freelancer claim as business expenses in Japan?","ja":"フリーランスは何を経費にできる？"},"answer":{"en":"Any cost genuinely incurred to earn your business income — supplies, software subscriptions, professional fees, client travel, and communication — is deductible if you keep the receipt and can show the business purpose. Costs that serve both life and work (home rent and utilities, phone, car) are split by a reasonable, documented ratio (家事按分), such as floor area or usage time. Cheap tools are expensed at once, but bigger equipment is depreciated over its useful life; small-asset thresholds and useful-life tables are set by the NTA and change, so confirm current figures.","ja":"事業所得を得るために実際に支出した費用——消耗品、ソフトのサブスク、専門家報酬、取引先への交通費、通信費など——は、領収書を残し事業目的を示せれば経費にできます。生活と仕事の両方に使う費用（自宅の家賃・光熱費、電話、車）は、面積や使用時間など合理的で記録できる割合で家事按分します。安価な道具は一括経費、高額な機材は耐用年数で減価償却します。少額資産の基準や耐用年数は国税庁が定め変わるため、最新の数値を確認してください。"},"sources":["nta-business-expenses","nta-depreciation"],"personas":["freelancer"]},{"id":"freelance-incorporate-when","cluster":"freelancers","question":{"en":"When should a freelancer incorporate a company in Japan?","ja":"フリーランスはいつ法人化すべき？"},"answer":{"en":"There is no single magic number; incorporate when stable, higher profit makes the corporate-tax advantage outweigh the added fixed costs, and usually when a non-tax reason also applies — hiring, raising money, bigger contracts, consumption-tax timing, or clients that will only bill a company. A company adds incorporation fees, annual local taxes even in a loss year, mandatory employees’ social insurance, more complex accounting, and typically a tax accountant. Model your own tax and social-insurance outcome as a proprietor versus a company with a 税理士 before deciding.","ja":"唯一の魔法の数字はありません。利益が高く安定し、法人税のメリットが増える固定費を上回る時、そして多くは税以外の理由——採用・資金調達・大型契約・消費税の時期・法人としか取引しない相手——も重なった時が目安です。法人は設立費用、赤字でもかかる均等割、社会保険の強制加入、複雑な会計、通常は税理士が加わります。決める前に、個人と法人での税・社会保険の結果を税理士と試算しましょう。"},"sources":["nta-individual","moj-commercial-registration"],"personas":["freelancer"]},{"id":"freelance-kk-vs-gk","cluster":"freelancers","question":{"en":"Should I set up a KK or a GK (godo-kaisha) in Japan?","ja":"株式会社と合同会社、どちらを設立すべき？"},"answer":{"en":"A godo-kaisha (GK) is cheaper and simpler to form and run — no articles-notarization fee and a lower registration tax — with the same limited liability, so many solo founders start there. A kabushiki-kaisha (KK) costs more but has the strongest public recognition and can issue shares to raise capital, which matters if you expect investment or enterprise clients that prefer a KK. You can convert a GK to a KK later. Fees, capital, and governance rules are statutory and change, so confirm current requirements before filing.","ja":"合同会社（GK）は設立も運営も安く簡単で（定款認証が不要、登録免許税も低め）、有限責任は同じため、多くの一人創業者はここから始めます。株式会社（KK）は費用が高い一方、社会的信用が最も高く、株式発行で資金調達ができ、投資や株式会社を好む企業取引先を見込むなら有効です。合同会社は後で株式会社へ組織変更できます。費用・資本金・機関のルールは法定で変わるため、申請前に現行要件を確認してください。"},"sources":["moj-commercial-registration","meti-startup"],"personas":["freelancer"]},{"id":"freelance-family-salary","cluster":"freelancers","question":{"en":"Can I deduct a salary paid to my spouse or family in my business?","ja":"配偶者や家族への給与は経費にできる？"},"answer":{"en":"Normally wages to family are not deductible, but blue-return filers can deduct a salary to a family member who works exclusively in the business (青色事業専従者) if they file the required notification in advance and the amount is reasonable for the work. The salary becomes the family member’s taxable income, and the “works exclusively in the business” condition is real — a token salary to someone with a separate full-time job will not stand. Keep it defensible with a timely notice, market-consistent pay, actual payment, and records, as overstated family salaries are an audit target.","ja":"通常、家族への給与は経費にできませんが、青色申告者は、事業に専従する家族（青色事業専従者）への給与を、事前に必要な届出を出し仕事に見合う妥当な金額であれば経費にできます。その給与は家族本人の課税所得になり、「事業に専従」の条件は実質的で、別にフルタイムの職がある人への名目給与は認められません。届出を期限内に出し、相場に整合する金額を実際に支払い記録を残して、説明できる形にしましょう。過大な家族給与は調査対象です。"},"sources":["nta-family-employee"],"personas":["freelancer"]},{"id":"freelance-subsidies","cluster":"freelancers","question":{"en":"Are there subsidies or grants for small businesses and freelancers in Japan?","ja":"個人事業や小規模事業に補助金・助成金はある？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes. Subsidies (補助金) from the SME Agency and ministries target goals like equipment, IT adoption, or business sustainability; they are competitive, capped, require a co-payment, and usually reimburse after you spend. Grants (助成金), often from the labor ministry, are rule-based and frequently tied to hiring or working conditions. Search official portals such as jGrants and the SME Agency, and note local government and chamber-of-commerce programs. Most pay in arrears, so budget the cash-flow gap and keep every quote, invoice, and payment record; misused funds can have to be returned.","ja":"あります。中小企業庁や各省庁の補助金は、設備・IT導入・事業の持続化などを対象に、競争的で上限と自己負担があり、多くは支出後に精算されます。助成金は多くが厚生労働省で要件充足型、採用や労働条件に紐づくことが多いです。jGrantsや中小企業庁などの公式ポータルで探し、自治体や商工会議所の制度も確認しましょう。多くは後払いのため資金の谷を見込み、見積・請求書・支払証憑を残します。目的外利用は返還になり得ます。"},"sources":["jgrants","smea-guide"],"personas":["freelancer"]},{"id":"freelance-visa","cluster":"freelancers","question":{"en":"Can I freelance or run a company in Japan on my visa?","ja":"今の在留資格でフリーランスや会社経営はできる？"},"answer":{"en":"It depends on your residence status. Permanent residents and certain spouse/long-term statuses generally allow broad self-employment; activity-based work visas authorize specific employment and may not cover independent freelancing or running your own company without a change or permission; students and dependents work only within their permitted-activity limits. Running a company usually points to the Business Manager (経営・管理) status, which expects a real office, a business plan, and a capital/scale requirement that is under review. Filing a tax opening notification does not grant immigration permission — confirm your status with the Immigration Services Agency or a qualified professional first.","ja":"在留資格によります。永住者や一部の配偶者・定住の資格は概して幅広い自営が可能です。活動に基づく就労ビザは特定の就労を認めるもので、独立したフリーランスや自分の会社の経営は、変更や許可なしには含まれないことがあります。留学生や家族滞在は許可された活動の範囲でのみ働けます。会社経営は通常「経営・管理」資格に向かい、実在の事務所・事業計画・見直し中の資本/規模要件が求められます。税の開業届は入管の許可を与えないため、まず出入国在留管理庁または有資格の専門家で自分の資格を確認してください。"},"sources":["immi-business-manager","immi-residence"],"personas":["freelancer"]},{"id":"insurance-public-enough","cluster":"insurance","question":{"en":"Is Japan’s public health insurance enough, or do I need private cover?","ja":"日本の公的健康保険で十分？それとも民間保険が必要？"},"answer":{"en":"For most people public health insurance covers a lot: it caps most medical bills near 30%, and the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit (高額療養費) further limits your monthly out-of-pocket by income, so even a major illness has a ceiling. Private medical or cancer insurance mainly covers extras (income while off work, advanced treatments, hospital-stay cash). Buy private cover to fill a specific gap you cannot self-fund, not out of general worry.","ja":"多くの人にとって公的健康保険の保障は手厚く、多くの医療費の自己負担は約3割で、高額療養費制度が月の自己負担に所得別の上限を設けるため、大病でも上限があります。民間の医療・がん保険は主に上乗せ部分（就業不能中の収入・先進医療・入院給付など）を補います。漠然とした不安ではなく、自分で賄えない具体的な不足を埋めるために民間保険を選びましょう。"},"sources":["mhlw-insurance"],"personas":[]},{"id":"insurance-high-cost","cluster":"insurance","question":{"en":"What is the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit (高額療養費)?","ja":"高額療養費制度とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"It is a public system that caps your out-of-pocket medical costs in a calendar month based on your income. If your covered medical bills exceed the monthly ceiling, the excess is reimbursed (or, with a limit-certificate applied in advance, not charged). This is why many residents find heavy private medical insurance unnecessary — the public ceiling already limits catastrophic costs. Confirm the current thresholds, which are set by income bracket.","ja":"所得に応じて、1か月あたりの医療費の自己負担に上限を設ける公的制度です。対象の医療費が月の上限を超えると、超過分が払い戻されます（限度額適用認定証を事前に提示すれば、そもそも超過分を請求されません）。これが、多くの人にとって手厚い民間医療保険が不要な理由です。公的な上限が高額な負担を抑えます。上限額は所得区分ごとに定まるため最新の基準を確認しましょう。"},"sources":["mhlw-insurance"],"personas":[]},{"id":"insurance-life-needed","cluster":"insurance","question":{"en":"Do I need life insurance in Japan?","ja":"日本で生命保険は必要ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Life insurance mainly makes sense if someone depends on your income — a partner, children, or dependents with debts like a mortgage. If no one relies on your income, you often do not need it. When you do, term life (定期保険) is usually the cost-efficient choice: it covers a set period for a low premium, versus whole life (終身保険), which bundles savings at higher cost. Public pension also pays survivor benefits, so factor those in before choosing a sum insured.","ja":"生命保険が主に意味を持つのは、あなたの収入に頼る人がいる場合です（配偶者・子ども、住宅ローンなど負債を抱える扶養家族）。誰も収入に頼っていなければ不要なことが多いです。必要な場合、定期保険が費用効率の良い選択で、一定期間を低い保険料で保障します。終身保険は貯蓄を含み高コストです。公的年金にも遺族給付があるため、保険金額を決める前に考慮しましょう。"},"sources":["mhlw-insurance"],"personas":["family"]},{"id":"insurance-earthquake","cluster":"insurance","question":{"en":"Does home insurance in Japan cover earthquakes?","ja":"日本の住宅保険は地震を補償しますか？"},"answer":{"en":"No — standard fire insurance (火災保険) excludes earthquake damage. Earthquake insurance (地震保険) is a separate, government-backed rider you add to a fire policy, and its payout is capped at a share of the building/contents value (commonly 30–50%). Given Japan’s seismic risk it is worth considering, especially for owners, but understand that it is designed to help you restart life, not fully rebuild. Check limits and exclusions on the policy.","ja":"いいえ。通常の火災保険は地震による損害を対象外とします。地震保険は、火災保険に付帯する別建ての政府関与の特約で、保険金は建物・家財の評価額の一定割合（一般に30〜50%）が上限です。日本の地震リスクを考えると、特に持ち家では検討に値しますが、完全な再建ではなく生活再建の支えとして設計されている点を理解しましょう。上限と免責を証券で確認を。"},"sources":["caa-insurance"],"personas":["family"]},{"id":"insurance-foreigner","cluster":"insurance","question":{"en":"Can foreign residents get private insurance in Japan?","ja":"外国人居住者でも日本で民間保険に入れますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes. Residents can generally buy private life, medical, auto, and home insurance; some insurers offer English-language support and applications. Public health and pension enrollment is mandatory regardless of nationality. The practical hurdles are usually language and understanding what public cover already provides. Compare the specific gap you want to fill, and confirm English support and terms with the insurer.","ja":"はい。居住者は一般に、民間の生命・医療・自動車・住宅保険に加入できます。英語対応や英語での申込を提供する保険会社もあります。公的な健康保険・年金への加入は国籍を問わず義務です。実務上の壁は主に言語と、公的保障で既にカバーされる範囲の理解です。埋めたい具体的な不足を比較し、英語対応や条件を保険会社に確認しましょう。"},"sources":["mhlw-insurance"],"personas":["newcomer"]},{"id":"insurance-copay-share","cluster":"insurance","question":{"en":"What percentage of medical costs do patients pay in Japan?","ja":"日本では医療費の何割を自己負担しますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Under public health insurance the patient share is generally 10%–30%, depending on age and income, before the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit applies. Working-age adults usually pay 30%; young children and many older people pay less. The high-cost benefit then caps your eligible out-of-pocket in a calendar month, so a serious illness has a ceiling. Private-room surcharges, meals, and non-covered treatment sit outside this and are paid in full.","ja":"公的医療保険の窓口負担は、年齢・所得に応じて原則1〜3割で、その上で高額療養費が適用されます。現役世代は通常3割、未就学児や多くの高齢者はより低い割合です。高額療養費が暦月内の対象自己負担に上限を設けるため、大病でも上限があります。差額ベッド代・食事・保険外診療はこの対象外で全額負担です。"},"sources":["mhlw-high-cost"],"personas":[]},{"id":"insurance-cancer-waiting","cluster":"insurance","question":{"en":"What is the waiting period on cancer insurance?","ja":"がん保険の待機期間とは？"},"answer":{"en":"Cancer policies commonly have a waiting (non-coverage) period of about 90 days after enrollment. A cancer diagnosed under the policy’s rules during that window is generally not covered, and pre-existing cancer is excluded. Confirm exactly when the period starts, how carcinoma in situ and recurrence are treated, and whether outpatient and advanced-treatment benefits are included — two products with the same name can pay very differently.","ja":"がん保険は加入後おおむね90日の待機（不担保）期間を設けることが一般的です。その期間に約款の定めで診断されたがんは通常対象外で、既往のがんは除外されます。待機期間の起算点、上皮内がんや再発の扱い、外来・先進医療給付の有無を確認しましょう。同名の商品でも支払条件は大きく異なります。"},"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"personas":[]},{"id":"insurance-term-vs-whole","cluster":"insurance","question":{"en":"Term life or whole life — which should I choose?","ja":"定期保険と終身保険、どちらを選ぶべき？"},"answer":{"en":"Match the policy to the need. Term life is cheap and covers a fixed period, so it fits a temporary need such as raising children or paying off a mortgage. Whole life costs more, lasts for life, and may build surrender value, so it fits a genuine lifelong need such as funeral or estate liquidity. A common efficient structure is a large term policy for the dependent years plus a small permanent policy only if a lifelong need exists.","ja":"必要に形を合わせます。定期保険は安く一定期間を保障するため、子育てや住宅ローン返済など一時的な必要に向きます。終身保険は高いが一生涯続き解約返戻金を持ち得るため、葬儀費用や相続の流動性など生涯続く必要に向きます。扶養期間に大きな定期を、生涯続く必要がある場合のみ小さな終身を組み合わせるのが効率的な定番です。"},"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"personas":[]},{"id":"insurance-cali-enough","cluster":"insurance","question":{"en":"Is compulsory car insurance (自賠責) enough?","ja":"自賠責保険だけで十分ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"No. Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance (自賠責) covers only bodily injury or death of accident victims, up to statutory limits, and excludes property damage, your own vehicle, and liability above those limits. Voluntary car insurance adds unlimited third-party liability, personal-injury protection, vehicle damage, legal expense, and roadside assistance. For most drivers, unlimited bodily-injury and property liability is the key gap to close.","ja":"いいえ。自賠責保険は事故の被害者の死傷を法定限度まで補償するのみで、対物・自車・限度超の賠償は対象外です。任意保険は無制限の対人・対物賠償、搭乗者傷害、車両損害、弁護士費用、ロードサービスを加えます。多くの運転者にとって、対人・対物を無制限にすることが最重要の不足です。"},"sources":["mlit-cali","sonpo-auto"],"personas":[]},{"id":"insurance-bicycle-mandatory","cluster":"insurance","question":{"en":"Is bicycle insurance mandatory in Japan?","ja":"日本で自転車保険は義務ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"It depends on local ordinance. Tokyo and many prefectures require applicable cyclists to hold liability coverage, because a cycling accident can cause very large claims. Before buying a standalone policy, check whether a household personal-liability rider on your auto, fire, renter, credit-card, employer, school, or cooperative cover already satisfies the requirement, so you do not pay twice.","ja":"自治体の条例によります。東京都をはじめ多くの都道府県が、対象の自転車利用者に賠償保険の加入を義務付けています。自転車事故は高額賠償になり得るためです。単体の保険を買う前に、自動車・火災・借家・カード・勤務先・学校・共済の世帯個人賠償特約で既に要件を満たしていないか確認し、二重加入を避けましょう。"},"sources":["tokyo-bicycle","giaj"],"personas":[]},{"id":"insurance-card-travel","cluster":"insurance","question":{"en":"Can I rely on my credit card’s travel insurance?","ja":"クレジットカードの旅行保険に頼れますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Only after checking the certificate for each trip. Card travel insurance may be usage-triggered (active only if you pay a qualifying travel cost with the card), may cover the cardholder only, often has low medical limits, and may omit cancellation. Issuers also change activation rules and limits over time. Treat it as a supplement, verify it before departure, and buy a standalone policy for the gap in high-cost destinations.","ja":"毎回、付帯条件を確認したうえでのみ頼れます。カードの旅行保険は利用付帯（対象の旅行費用をそのカードで支払った場合のみ有効）のことがあり、本人のみ・低い治療限度・取消なしの場合があります。発行会社が適用条件や限度を変えることもあります。補完と考え、出発前に確認し、高額な渡航先では不足分を単体保険で補いましょう。"},"sources":["giaj"],"personas":[]},{"id":"insurance-pet-preexisting","cluster":"insurance","question":{"en":"Does pet insurance cover a condition my pet already has?","ja":"ペットの既往症はペット保険で補償されますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Generally no. Pet insurance excludes pre-existing conditions, and related future conditions may also be excluded; preventive care and vaccinations are usually not covered either. If you want insurance, enroll while the pet is young and healthy, because conditions cannot be added later. Compare reimbursement percentage, annual and daily limits, deductibles, waiting periods, and age-based repricing against a dedicated veterinary savings fund.","ja":"一般に補償されません。ペット保険は既往症を除外し、関連する将来の疾患も除外され得ます。予防的ケアやワクチンも通常は対象外です。保険を望むなら、後から既往症は入れられないため、若く健康なうちに加入します。補償割合・年間や日額の限度・免責・待機期間・年齢での再算定を、専用の治療費積立と比較しましょう。"},"sources":["giaj"],"personas":[]},{"id":"insurance-cancel-timing","cluster":"insurance","question":{"en":"When can I cancel my old policy after applying for a new one?","ja":"新しい保険を申し込んだら、いつ旧契約を解約できますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Not until the new cover is fully in place. Never cancel an existing health or life policy merely because you submitted a replacement application. Wait until the new insurer has accepted the contract, coverage has commenced, all special exclusions are understood, and any cooling-off or first-premium condition is resolved. Cancelling first can leave you uninsured — or uninsurable — if the new application is rated or declined.","ja":"新しい保障が完全に整うまで解約しません。乗り換えを申し込んだだけで既存の医療・生命保険を解約してはいけません。新しい保険会社が契約を引き受け、補償が開始し、特別な不担保をすべて理解し、クーリングオフや初回保険料の条件が解決するまで待ちます。先に解約すると、新規申込が割増・謝絶になった場合に無保険・加入不能になり得ます。"},"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"personas":[]},{"id":"insurance-cooling-off","cluster":"insurance","question":{"en":"What is cooling-off for insurance in Japan?","ja":"日本の保険のクーリングオフとは？"},"answer":{"en":"Cooling-off is a statutory or contractual right to revoke certain insurance applications within a stated period and method. It does not apply to every purchase — short-term, compulsory, immediate, business, or renewal transactions may fall outside it. Check the warning information (注意喚起情報) for the exact period, how to exercise it, and any exceptions before assuming you can cancel a new policy freely.","ja":"クーリングオフは、一定の保険申込を所定の期間・方法で撤回できる法定または契約上の権利です。すべての契約に適用されるわけではなく、短期・強制・即時・事業性・更新などの取引は対象外のことがあります。新契約を自由に解約できると考える前に、注意喚起情報で正確な期間・方法・例外を確認しましょう。"},"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"],"personas":[]},{"id":"insurance-leave-japan","cluster":"insurance","question":{"en":"What happens to my insurance and pension when I leave Japan?","ja":"日本を離れると保険と年金はどうなりますか？"},"answer":{"en":"It varies by policy and system, so confirm each in writing. For private policies, ask whether cover can continue overseas, how premiums are paid, where notices go, and whether a Japanese address or bank account is required. Withdraw from National Health Insurance at your municipality. For pension, eligible non-Japanese people can often claim a lump-sum withdrawal within two years of leaving — but claiming can erase credited periods, so compare it against keeping your record under a social-security agreement.","ja":"契約や制度により異なるため、それぞれ書面で確認します。民間契約は、海外で継続できるか、保険料の払込方法、通知の送付先、日本の住所・口座が必要かを確認します。国民健康保険は市区町村で脱退します。年金は、対象の外国人が離日から2年以内に脱退一時金を請求できることが多いですが、請求すると算入期間が消滅し得るため、社会保障協定による記録保持と比較しましょう。"},"sources":["jps-lumpsum","nichii-nhi"],"personas":["newcomer"]},{"id":"loan-mortgage-no-pr","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can I get a mortgage in Japan without permanent residency?","ja":"永住権なしでも日本で住宅ローンは組めますか？"},"answer":{"en":"It is harder but possible. Many banks strongly prefer permanent residency; without it you may face a larger required down payment, a Japanese spouse guarantor, or rejection at some lenders. Flat 35, offered via the Japan Housing Finance Agency, is more rules-based and does not always require PR, making it a common route for non-PR residents. Stable long-term employment and income are decisive. Terms vary widely by bank, so compare several.","ja":"難しくはなりますが可能です。多くの銀行は永住権を強く重視し、ない場合は頭金の増額・日本人配偶者の連帯保証・一部での否決に直面し得ます。住宅金融支援機構のフラット35は基準が明確で永住権を必ずしも求めないため、非永住者にはよく使われる選択肢です。安定した長期雇用と収入が決め手になります。条件は銀行差が大きいため複数比較を。"},"sources":["jhf-flat35"],"personas":["newcomer"]},{"id":"loan-fixed-vs-floating","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Fixed or floating mortgage rate in Japan — which is better?","ja":"日本の住宅ローンは固定と変動、どちらが良い？"},"answer":{"en":"There is no universal answer. Floating rates (変動) have been lower and reduce early payments but can rise, increasing your payment later. Fixed rates (固定, including Flat 35) cost more now but lock certainty for the term, protecting you if rates rise. Choose based on how much payment-increase risk you can absorb: if a rate rise would strain your budget, the certainty of fixed can be worth the premium. Model both before deciding.","ja":"万能の正解はありません。変動金利は水準が低く当初の返済を抑えますが、上昇すれば将来の返済が増えます。固定金利（フラット35を含む）は今のコストは高めでも、期間中の安心を固定し、金利上昇に備えられます。返済増をどれだけ吸収できるかで選びましょう。上昇が家計を圧迫するなら、固定の安心は上乗せ分に見合います。決める前に両方を試算しましょう。"},"sources":["jhf-flat35"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-closing-costs","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What are the closing costs when buying property in Japan?","ja":"日本で不動産を買うときの諸費用は？"},"answer":{"en":"Beyond the down payment, budget roughly 6–10% of the price for closing costs (諸費用): the agent’s brokerage fee, registration and judicial-scrivener fees, loan guarantee and administration fees, stamp duty, acquisition and property taxes, and fire/earthquake insurance. New-build and pre-owned costs differ. These are easy to underestimate, so get an itemized estimate before committing.","ja":"頭金に加えて、価格のおよそ6〜10%を諸費用として見込みましょう。仲介手数料、登記・司法書士費用、ローン保証料・事務手数料、印紙税、不動産取得税・固定資産税、火災・地震保険などです。新築と中古で費用は異なります。見落としやすいため、契約前に項目別の見積もりを取りましょう。"},"sources":["mlit-land"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-rent-vs-buy","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is it better to rent or buy in Japan?","ja":"日本では賃貸と購入、どちらが良い？"},"answer":{"en":"It depends on how long you will stay, your job stability, and the specific property. Unlike some countries, many Japanese homes — especially older wooden houses — depreciate, and resale can be slow outside prime areas, so buying is not automatically wealth-building. Renting keeps you flexible, which matters if you might move or leave Japan. Buying can make sense for long-term residents wanting stability who have modeled the full cost and resale risk. Treat a home as shelter first.","ja":"滞在期間・職の安定・物件次第です。日本では、特に古い木造住宅など多くの住宅が減価し、優良地以外では売却も遅くなり得るため、購入が自動的に資産形成になるとは限りません。賃貸は柔軟で、転居や出国の可能性がある人に向きます。購入は、総コストと売却リスクを試算した、安定を求める長期居住者に向くことがあります。まず住まいと捉えましょう。"},"sources":["mlit-land"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-credit-record","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"How do I check my credit record in Japan before applying?","ja":"申込前に日本の信用情報を確認するには？"},"answer":{"en":"Japan has credit information agencies — CIC (cards and installment), JICC, and the bank association’s KSC. You can request your own disclosure from each, usually online or by mail for a small fee. It shows your cards, loans, and any late payments (異動 marks). Checking before a mortgage application helps you spot and resolve problems — like a forgotten missed payment — that could otherwise cause a rejection.","ja":"日本には信用情報機関があります。CIC（カード・割賦）、JICC、銀行系のKSCです。各機関に自分の情報の開示を請求でき、多くはオンラインや郵送で少額の手数料で確認できます。カード・ローンや延滞（異動情報）が表示されます。住宅ローン申込前に確認すると、忘れていた延滞など否決の原因になり得る問題を早く見つけて対処できます。"},"sources":["cic-credit","jicc-credit"],"personas":[]},{"id":"remit-cheapest","cluster":"remittance","question":{"en":"What is the cheapest way to send money out of Japan?","ja":"日本から海外送金する一番安い方法は？"},"answer":{"en":"For most personal transfers, specialist services like Wise or Revolut beat traditional bank wires, because they use the mid-market exchange rate with a transparent fee instead of a hidden rate markup. The cheapest option depends on the amount, currency, and destination, so compare the final amount the recipient receives — not the advertised fee. For very large transfers, also check limits and reporting.","ja":"多くの個人送金では、WiseやRevolutなどの専門サービスが従来の銀行送金より安いことが多いです。隠れた為替マージンではなく、仲値と明示的な手数料を使うためです。最安は金額・通貨・送金先で変わるため、宣伝される手数料ではなく、受取人が最終的に受け取る金額で比較しましょう。大口では上限や報告も確認を。"},"sources":["wise","revolut-jp"],"personas":[]},{"id":"remit-hidden-fees","cluster":"remittance","question":{"en":"Why do international transfers cost more than the stated fee?","ja":"海外送金が表示手数料より高くつくのはなぜ？"},"answer":{"en":"The visible transfer fee is often the small part. The bigger cost is the exchange-rate markup — the gap between the rate you are given and the real mid-market rate — which is invisible unless you compare. Bank wires can also add SWIFT charges and intermediary-bank fees deducted along the way. Always compare the total recipient amount against the mid-market rate to see the true cost.","ja":"見える送金手数料は小さい部分であることが多いです。より大きいのは為替マージン、つまり提示レートと本当の仲値との差で、比較しないと見えません。銀行送金では、途中でSWIFTや中継銀行の手数料が差し引かれることもあります。真のコストを知るには、受取総額を仲値と比較しましょう。"},"sources":["boj-payments"],"personas":[]},{"id":"remit-large-transfer","cluster":"remittance","question":{"en":"Are there limits or reporting on large international transfers in Japan?","ja":"日本で大口の海外送金に上限や報告はありますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes. Banks and services apply their own transfer limits and may require documentation (source of funds, purpose) for large amounts. Transfers at or above a regulatory threshold are reported to authorities, and large or unusual movements can prompt anti-money-laundering questions. There can also be tax angles — gifts, overseas income, or asset movement. For significant sums, confirm the provider’s limits and consider tax advice before sending.","ja":"あります。銀行やサービスは独自の送金上限を設け、大口では資金源・目的の書類を求めることがあります。規制上の基準額以上の送金は当局へ報告され、大口・異常な移動はマネロン対策の確認を招くことがあります。贈与・海外所得・資産移動など税務の論点も生じ得ます。多額の場合は、提供元の上限を確認し、送金前に税務相談も検討しましょう。"},"sources":["boj-payments","nta-individual"],"personas":[]},{"id":"remit-overseas-income","cluster":"remittance","question":{"en":"Is money I receive from abroad taxable in Japan?","ja":"海外から受け取るお金は日本で課税されますか？"},"answer":{"en":"It depends on what it is and your tax residency. Foreign salary or business income can be taxable, and for non-permanent residents even foreign-source income becomes taxable to the extent it is paid in or remitted to Japan. Gifts and inheritances have their own rules. Simply receiving your own savings is different from receiving income. Because this is fact-specific, confirm with the NTA or a tax accountant rather than assuming it is tax-free.","ja":"内容と税務上の居住者区分によります。海外の給与や事業所得は課税され得ますし、非永住者でも国外源泉所得は日本での支払い・送金分の範囲で課税対象になります。贈与や相続には別のルールがあります。自分の貯蓄を受け取ることと、所得を受け取ることは異なります。事実関係次第のため、非課税と決めつけず国税庁や税理士で確認しましょう。"},"sources":["nta-individual"],"personas":["us-person"]},{"id":"remit-multicurrency","cluster":"remittance","question":{"en":"Should I use a multi-currency account like Wise or Revolut?","ja":"WiseやRevolutのようなマルチカレンシー口座を使うべき？"},"answer":{"en":"They are useful if you regularly deal in more than one currency — holding balances, spending abroad, or receiving foreign payments — because they cut FX markups and let you convert at good rates. They are not full replacements for a Japanese bank account (you still need one for salary, rent auto-pay, and many domestic services). Many residents use them alongside a local bank. Check current fees, limits, and deposit protection.","ja":"複数通貨を日常的に扱う人（残高保有・海外での利用・外貨受取）には便利で、為替マージンを抑え良いレートで両替できます。ただし日本の銀行口座の完全な代替ではありません（給与・家賃の口座振替・多くの国内サービスには国内口座が必要）。国内銀行と併用する人が多いです。最新の手数料・上限・預金保護を確認しましょう。"},"sources":["wise","revolut-jp"],"personas":[]},{"id":"points-which-ecosystem","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Which point ecosystem should I choose in Japan?","ja":"日本ではどのポイント経済圏を選ぶべき？"},"answer":{"en":"Pick the one that matches where you already spend and bank. If you shop on Rakuten and use Rakuten Bank/Card, the Rakuten ecosystem compounds; if you use docomo, d POINT fits; PayPay suits heavy code-payment and Yahoo/SoftBank users; V POINT ties to SMBC. Concentrating on one strong ecosystem beats spreading thin across several, because bonuses stack when your card, payments, and shopping align.","ja":"すでに買い物・銀行で使っている経済圏を選びましょう。楽天で買い物し楽天銀行・カードを使うなら楽天経済圏が積み上がり、ドコモならdポイント、コード決済やYahoo/ソフトバンク中心ならPayPay、SMBC系ならVポイントが合います。カード・決済・買い物がそろうと特典が重なるため、複数に薄く広げるより1つの強い経済圏に集中する方が有利です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"points-value","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"How much is a point actually worth in Japan?","ja":"日本でポイントの実際の価値はどれくらい？"},"answer":{"en":"Most major points (Rakuten, PayPay, d, V) are worth about ¥1 each when spent on everyday purchases, which makes them easy to value. Some points are worth more when converted to airline miles under the right redemption, and less when locked to a single store or close to expiry. As a rule, treat ¥1 as the baseline and be skeptical of “inflated” valuations that assume perfect redemption.","ja":"主要ポイント（楽天・PayPay・d・V）は日常の支払いに使えば1ポイント約1円で、価値を見積もりやすいです。条件の良い交換でマイルにすると価値が上がることもあり、特定店限定や期限間際だと下がります。基本は1円を目安にし、完璧な交換を前提とした「割高」な価値評価には慎重になりましょう。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"points-expiry","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Do points expire in Japan, and how do I avoid losing them?","ja":"日本のポイントは失効する？失わないコツは？"},"answer":{"en":"Many do. Some points expire a fixed period after earning; others (like campaign or “limited-time” points) expire much sooner than regular points. To avoid losing them, concentrate on one ecosystem so balances stay active, spend limited-time points quickly on everyday items, and check the expiry rules in the app. Do not spend more just to “use up” points — that defeats the purpose.","ja":"多くは失効します。獲得から一定期間で失効するものや、キャンペーンの「期間限定ポイント」のように通常より早く失効するものがあります。失わないコツは、1つの経済圏に集中して残高を活性化させ、期間限定ポイントは日用品で早めに使い、アプリで失効ルールを確認することです。使い切るために余計に使うのは本末転倒です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"points-paypay-vs-rakuten","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"PayPay or Rakuten — which is better for everyday spending?","ja":"PayPayと楽天、日常使いはどちらが良い？"},"answer":{"en":"They suit different lives. PayPay is a QR-code payment app accepted at huge numbers of small shops and convenience stores, great for on-the-spot everyday spending and Yahoo/SoftBank users. Rakuten is a broader ecosystem (shopping, bank, card, mobile, securities) that rewards consolidating your spending online and across services. If your spending is mostly in-person and small, PayPay is convenient; if you buy online and want compounding across services, Rakuten tends to reward loyalty more.","ja":"向く生活が異なります。PayPayはQRコード決済アプリで、多数の小規模店やコンビニで使え、その場の日常支払いやYahoo/ソフトバンク利用者に向きます。楽天は買い物・銀行・カード・モバイル・証券にまたがる広い経済圏で、支出を集約するほど報われます。対面の少額中心ならPayPayが便利、ネット購入が多くサービス横断の積み上げを狙うなら楽天が忠誠に報いがちです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"crypto-registered","cluster":"crypto","question":{"en":"Which crypto exchanges are legal to use in Japan?","ja":"日本で合法的に使える暗号資産取引所は？"},"answer":{"en":"Only exchanges registered with the Financial Services Agency (FSA) and belonging to the JVCEA may legally serve residents of Japan — examples include bitFlyer, bitbank, and Coincheck. Using an unregistered offshore exchange means you lose Japanese legal and consumer protections and can complicate tax and withdrawals. Always confirm an exchange is on the FSA’s registered list before depositing funds.","ja":"居住者に合法的にサービスを提供できるのは、金融庁に登録しJVCEAに加盟する取引所だけです（bitFlyer、bitbank、Coincheckなど）。未登録の海外取引所の利用は、日本の法的・消費者保護を失い、税務や出金を複雑にします。入金前に、金融庁の登録一覧に載っているか必ず確認しましょう。"},"sources":["fsa-registry","jvcea"],"personas":["investor"]},{"id":"crypto-tax","cluster":"crypto","question":{"en":"How much tax do I pay on crypto profits in Japan?","ja":"日本で暗号資産の利益にはどれくらい税金がかかる？"},"answer":{"en":"Crypto gains are miscellaneous income taxed at your marginal income-tax rate plus resident tax — combined this can reach roughly 55% at the top, far above the ~20% flat rate on listed stocks. There is no special low rate and, unlike stocks, no NISA shelter. Every disposal is taxable (selling to yen, crypto-to-crypto swaps, and paying with crypto), so you must calculate gains across all transactions. Keep thorough records and consider a tax accountant for active trading.","ja":"暗号資産の利益は雑所得として、所得税の累進税率＋住民税で課税され、最上位では合計約55%に達し得ます。上場株式の約20%を大きく上回ります。特別な低税率はなく、株式と違いNISAの非課税もありません。円への売却・暗号資産同士の交換・暗号資産での支払いなど、あらゆる処分が課税対象のため、全取引で損益計算が必要です。記録を徹底し、活発に取引するなら税理士を検討しましょう。"},"sources":["nta-crypto"],"personas":["investor"]},{"id":"crypto-record","cluster":"crypto","question":{"en":"How do I keep crypto tax records in Japan?","ja":"日本で暗号資産の税務記録はどう残す？"},"answer":{"en":"Record every transaction with date, type (buy/sell/swap/spend), amounts, the yen value at the time, and fees, because Japan taxes each disposal and you must compute cost basis (commonly the moving-average or total-average method). Exchange CSV exports plus crypto tax-calculation tools help consolidate activity across platforms. Good records are essential if you are ever asked to substantiate your filing.","ja":"取引ごとに、日付・種類（購入/売却/交換/支払い）・数量・その時点の円換算額・手数料を記録しましょう。日本は各処分に課税し、取得原価の計算（一般に移動平均法または総平均法）が必要だからです。取引所のCSV出力と暗号資産の税計算ツールを使うと、複数プラットフォームの取引を集約できます。申告の裏付けを求められた場合に備え、正確な記録が不可欠です。"},"sources":["nta-crypto"],"personas":["investor"]},{"id":"crypto-fx-leverage","cluster":"crypto","question":{"en":"How does FX (margin) leverage work for retail traders in Japan?","ja":"日本の個人向けFXのレバレッジはどう機能する？"},"answer":{"en":"Domestic retail FX leverage is capped by regulation, commonly at 25x, which limits how large a position your deposit can control. Leverage amplifies both gains and losses, and sharp moves can trigger margin calls or losses beyond your deposit. FX is high-risk and unsuitable for money you cannot lose. Watch for unregulated offshore brokers offering much higher leverage — they remove your protections and are often used in scams.","ja":"国内の個人向けFXのレバレッジは規制で上限があり、一般に25倍です。これにより、預託金で持てるポジションの大きさが制限されます。レバレッジは利益も損失も拡大し、急変動では追証や預託金を超える損失を招くことがあります。FXは高リスクで、失って困るお金には不向きです。はるかに高いレバレッジを掲げる無登録の海外業者に注意しましょう。保護を失い、詐欺に使われがちです。"},"sources":["fsa-registry"],"personas":["investor"]},{"id":"rewards-points-vs-cashback","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"What is the difference between points and cashback in Japan?","ja":"日本でポイントとキャッシュバックは何が違う？"},"answer":{"en":"Points are a program-issued unit usable within specified stores, apps, or transfers, worth roughly ¥1 each on ordinary spending; cashback is money returned as a statement credit or cash-equivalent balance. Points can outperform through merchant bonuses or travel redemption but carry expiration, devaluation, and restricted use. Cashback is simpler and more certain. Value points at what you will realistically redeem, not the advertised maximum.","ja":"ポイントは指定の店・アプリ・交換で使えるプログラム発行の単位で、通常の支払いで1ポイント約1円です。キャッシュバックは明細値引きや現金同等の残高として戻るお金です。ポイントは店舗ボーナスや旅行交換で上回り得ますが、失効・価値低下・用途制限を伴います。キャッシュバックは単純で確実です。ポイントは広告上の最大値でなく、現実に交換できる価値で評価しましょう。"},"sources":["rakuten-card-terms","paypay-points"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-point-value","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Is one point always worth ¥1?","ja":"1ポイントは常に1円？"},"answer":{"en":"No. Most major points redeem near ¥1 when spent in-store or on the operator’s marketplace, but transferring to airline miles, merchandise, or another currency can yield well under ¥1. A store-locked balance like nanaco is less flexible even at the same nominal rate. Value each point at the redemption you will actually use.","ja":"いいえ。多くの主要ポイントは店舗や事業者のモールで使えば約1円ですが、マイル・商品・別通貨への交換では1円をかなり下回ることがあります。nanacoのような店舗限定残高は同じ名目率でも柔軟性が劣ります。実際に使う交換方法で評価しましょう。"},"sources":["nanaco-points"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-limited-time","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"What are limited-time points?","ja":"期間限定ポイントとは？"},"answer":{"en":"Limited-time points have a fixed, often short deadline and sometimes narrower redemption options than ordinary points. Rakuten, d POINT, and PayPay all distinguish some form of ordinary and limited-use rewards. Always check whether a headline bonus is ordinary or limited, spend limited-time points first, and set a reminder before they expire.","ja":"期間限定ポイントは、固定でしばしば短い期限を持ち、通常ポイントより用途が狭いこともあります。楽天・dポイント・PayPayはいずれも通常と用途限定の特典を区別します。目玉ボーナスが通常か限定かを必ず確認し、期間限定ポイントから先に使い、失効前にリマインダーを設定しましょう。"},"sources":["rakuten-spu","paypay-points"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-no-expiry","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Which major points do not expire?","ja":"失効しない主要ポイントは？"},"answer":{"en":"Ordinary PayPay Points currently have no expiration, while PayPay limited-time points do. Among cards, Saison Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) also do not expire. Most other programs use a one- to two-year window or extend the balance with activity, so a program with no expiry reduces the risk of losing a slowly accumulating balance.","ja":"通常のPayPayポイントは現在無期限で、期間限定ポイントは失効します。カードではセゾン永久不滅ポイントも失効しません。多くの他プログラムは1〜2年か、利用で残高を延長するため、無期限のプログラムはゆっくり貯まる残高を失うリスクを減らします。"},"sources":["paypay-points","saison-gold-amex"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-overspend","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Should I spend more to earn points?","ja":"ポイントのために多く使うべき？"},"answer":{"en":"No. A one-percent reward never justifies buying something unnecessary. A ¥10,000 purchase made only to earn 100 points is a ¥9,900 loss. Points are a discount on spending you would do anyway — treat them as a rebate on planned purchases, not a reason to buy more or to carry credit-card debt.","ja":"いいえ。1%の特典は不要な物の購入を正当化しません。100ポイントのためだけの1万円の買い物は9,900円の損です。ポイントはどのみち行う支出への割引で、予定した買い物への還元として扱い、余計に買ったりカード負債を抱えたりする理由にしないこと。"},"sources":["boj-payments"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-revolving","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Is it worth using revolving credit to chase points?","ja":"ポイントのためにリボ払いを使う価値はある？"},"answer":{"en":"No. Japanese revolving-credit (リボ払い) interest is high and can overwhelm years of rewards, and missed or late payments harm your credit history. Point optimisation should always assume paying every card in full each month. No reward rate is worth the interest and credit-record risk of carrying a balance.","ja":"いいえ。日本のリボ払いの金利は高く、何年分もの特典を帳消しにし得ます。支払いの遅延・延滞は信用情報を傷つけます。ポイント最適化は常に毎月カードを全額払う前提であるべきです。どんな還元率も、残高を抱える金利と信用記録のリスクに見合いません。"},"sources":["boj-payments"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-stacking","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Can I stack store points and card points?","ja":"店のポイントとカードのポイントは二重取りできる？"},"answer":{"en":"Frequently yes, when membership presentation and payment rewards are independently eligible. Scan the store loyalty card or app, then pay with a rewarding card or QR wallet. The key is that each layer must be eligible for the exact payment source — a wallet accepting a card as funding does not prove the charge earns points, and you must not add two rates that both include the same base.","ja":"会員提示と決済の特典が個別に対象なら、しばしば可能です。店のポイントカードやアプリを提示し、還元のあるカードやQRウォレットで払います。要は各層がその決済手段で対象である必要があることです。ウォレットがカードをチャージ元にできても対象とは限らず、同じ基本を含む2つの率を足してはいけません。"},"sources":["dpoint-official","smbc-conveni"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-avoid-double-count","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"How do I avoid double counting rewards?","ja":"特典の二重計上を避けるには？"},"answer":{"en":"Determine whether each quoted bonus already includes the base rate and whether all layers can legitimately coexist. For example, do not add a base 0.5% on top of SMBC’s selected-store seven-percent route, which already includes it. Reject any stack where two rates both include the same base reward.","ja":"各ボーナスが既に基本率を含むか、すべての層が正当に共存できるかを見極めます。例えば、既に基本を含む三井住友の対象店7%経路に基本0.5%を足さないこと。同じ基本を含む2つの率が重なる重ね取りは弾きます。"},"sources":["smbc-conveni"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-campaign-entry","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Do I need to enter Japanese point campaigns?","ja":"日本のポイントキャンペーンはエントリーが必要？"},"answer":{"en":"Many require an entry or activation step, and in Japan completing the spending requirement without first entering can produce no bonus. Never assume automatic enrollment. Record the entry timestamp, spending window, eligible merchant, cap, and point type, and note that campaigns often issue limited-time or limited-use points rather than ordinary ones.","ja":"多くはエントリーや有効化が必要で、日本では先にエントリーせず利用条件を満たしてもボーナスが出ないことがあります。自動登録を前提にしないこと。エントリー時刻・利用期間・対象店・上限・ポイント種別を記録し、キャンペーンは通常ポイントでなく期間・用途限定ポイントを出すことが多い点に注意。"},"sources":["rakuten-spu"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-campaign-not-track","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Why did my campaign bonus not track?","ja":"キャンペーンのボーナスがつかなかったのはなぜ？"},"answer":{"en":"Common reasons include no entry, the wrong funding source, the wrong merchant, the cap already reached, a refund, an app-cookie/tracking failure, or a delayed award date. Check the official campaign terms for the exact eligibility conditions, and remember that many awards are credited later rather than at the point of sale.","ja":"よくある原因は、未エントリー・誤ったチャージ元・対象外の店・上限到達・返品・アプリのクッキー／追跡失敗・付与日の遅れです。公式のキャンペーン条件で正確な対象条件を確認し、多くの付与が会計時でなく後日である点も思い出しましょう。"},"sources":["rakuten-spu"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-rakuten-spu","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"What is Rakuten SPU?","ja":"楽天SPUとは？"},"answer":{"en":"SPU (Super Point Up) is a group-service program that adds Rakuten Ichiba points when you use specified Rakuten services and meet monthly conditions. Several SPU and campaign components are limited-time points that expire faster and are usually non-transferable, so discount them when comparing the item’s final delivered price.","ja":"SPU（スーパーポイントアップ）は、指定の楽天サービスを使い月間条件を満たすと楽天市場のポイントが増えるグループサービスプログラムです。いくつかのSPU・キャンペーン分は失効の早い期間限定ポイントで通常交換できないため、商品の支払総額を比較する際は割り引きましょう。"},"sources":["rakuten-spu"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Rakuten or Amazon Japan for points?","ja":"ポイントなら楽天とAmazon Japanどちら？"},"answer":{"en":"Rakuten Ichiba earns Rakuten Points at a 1% base plus SPU and campaigns, so integrated Rakuten users can exceed a general card; Amazon Japan earns modest Amazon points, sometimes higher with a linked Mastercard. Compare the item’s delivered price after coupons, shipping, and realistically-valued points, and prefer the ecosystem you already concentrate in.","ja":"楽天市場は基本1%＋SPU・キャンペーンで、楽天に集中する人は汎用カードを上回れます。Amazon Japanは控えめなAmazonポイントで、連携Mastercardで高くなることも。クーポン・送料・現実的に評価したポイント後の支払総額で比較し、既に集中している経済圏を優先しましょう。"},"sources":["rakuten-spu","rakuten-point"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-rakuten-pay-change","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Did Rakuten Pay change its rewards on March 1, 2026?","ja":"楽天ペイは2026年3月1日に特典を変えた？"},"answer":{"en":"The announced March 1, 2026 program change was postponed, not implemented, so any guide assuming it took effect is outdated. Verify the current terms in the app before relying on a rate.","ja":"2026年3月1日の変更は実施されず延期されたため、発効した前提のガイドは陳腐化しています。率に頼る前にアプリで現在の条件を確認しましょう。"},"sources":["rakuten-pay"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-rakuten-pay-max","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"What is Rakuten Pay’s current maximum store return?","ja":"楽天ペイの現在の店舗最大還元は？"},"answer":{"en":"Up to 2.5% at eligible point-card merchants when you present an eligible Rakuten Point Card and meet qualifying Rakuten Cash payment conditions. Without qualifying point-card presentation the maximum is lower, and the point-card rate varies by merchant.","ja":"対象の楽天ポイントカードを提示し、対象の楽天キャッシュ払いの条件を満たすと、対象のポイントカード加盟店で最大2.5%です。対象のポイントカード提示がないと最大値は下がり、ポイントカードの率は店により異なります。"},"sources":["rakuten-pay"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-furusato-points","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Does Rakuten Furusato Nozei still earn marketplace points?","ja":"楽天ふるさと納税はまだ市場ポイントが貯まる？"},"answer":{"en":"No. From October 1, 2025, portal-awarded shopping points, SPU, and shopping-marathon treatment were removed for Furusato Nozei donations. However, the card issuer may still award its ordinary payment reward where the transaction remains eligible.","ja":"いいえ。2025年10月1日以降、ふるさと納税の寄付ではポータル付与の買い物ポイント・SPU・お買い物マラソンの扱いが廃止されました。ただし、取引が対象のままなら、カード発行会社は通常の決済還元を付けることがあります。"},"sources":["rakuten-furusato"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-dpoint-account","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Can non-docomo users join d POINT?","ja":"非ドコモでもdポイントに入れる？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes. A free d Account can be created by anyone as a private individual, even without a docomo mobile contract. App SMS authentication commonly requires a Japanese phone number, but a docomo line is not required to join or earn.","ja":"はい。個人であれば誰でも無料のdアカウントを作れ、ドコモの携帯契約は不要です。アプリのSMS認証には日本の電話番号が必要なことが一般的ですが、入会や獲得にドコモ回線は不要です。"},"sources":["dpoint-official"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-dbarai-rate","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"What is d払い’s reward rate?","ja":"d払いの還元率は？"},"answer":{"en":"About 0.5% d POINT on eligible transactions, rising to roughly 1% before store points when funded by an eligible d Card (0.5% payment plus 0.5% funding bonus). From September 1, 2026 the d Card funding bonus was scheduled to become limited-time/use points.","ja":"対象取引で約0.5%のdポイント、対象のdカードでチャージすると店ポイント前で約1%（決済0.5%＋チャージ0.5%）になります。2026年9月1日以降、dカードのチャージボーナスは期間・用途限定ポイントになる予定です。"},"sources":["dbarai"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-dbarai-other-card","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Do other credit cards earn d払い points?","ja":"他社カードでd払いのポイントは貯まる？"},"answer":{"en":"No. The d払い wallet does not award its ordinary payment points for other-card funding under current rules. Only eligible d Card funding receives the funding bonus, so do not assume any linked card earns the wallet reward.","ja":"いいえ。現行ルールでは、d払いウォレットは他社カードのチャージに通常の決済ポイントを付けません。チャージボーナスは対象のdカードのチャージだけが得るため、連携したどのカードでもウォレット特典が付くと考えないこと。"},"sources":["dbarai"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-dpoint-dbarai","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Can I stack d POINT and d払い?","ja":"dポイントとd払いは二重取りできる？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes, at participating stores that support both layers: present the d POINT card for the merchant point and pay with d払い funded by an eligible d Card for roughly 1%. The merchant must participate in both layers, and other-card funding of d払い receives no ordinary points.","ja":"はい、両方の層に対応する加盟店で可能です。dポイントカードを提示して店のポイントを得て、対象のdカードでチャージしたd払いで払い約1%を得ます。店が両層に参加している必要があり、他社カードでチャージしたd払いは通常ポイントを得ません。"},"sources":["dpoint-official","dbarai"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-dcard-gold-worth","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Is d Card GOLD worth the fee?","ja":"dカード GOLDは年会費に見合う？"},"answer":{"en":"Mainly for high eligible docomo billing. Eligible docomo mobile and Docomo Hikari charges can earn ten-percent-equivalent rewards, and a rough break-even against a 1% card is about ¥122,223 of fully eligible annual pre-tax charges — but rounding, exclusions, and caps matter. Without docomo services it is usually less compelling.","ja":"主に対象のドコモ利用が高い人向けです。対象のドコモ携帯・ドコモ光の料金は10%相当を得られ、1%カードに対する概算損益分岐は完全対象の年間税抜料金で約122,223円ですが、端数・除外・上限が影響します。ドコモサービスがないと通常は魅力が薄いです。"},"sources":["dcard"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-ponta-jal","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Can Ponta transfer to JAL miles?","ja":"PontaはJALマイルに交換できる？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes, ordinarily at two Ponta points to one JAL mile, which makes Ponta a natural fit for JAL flyers. A standard Ponta balance generally expires after one year without an earning or use transaction, so keep it active.","ja":"はい、通常Ponta 2ポイントでJAL 1マイルで、PontaはJAL利用者に自然に合います。標準のPonta残高は獲得・利用の取引が1年ないと失効するため、利用を続けましょう。"},"sources":["ponta-jal"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-paypay-vpoint","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Can PayPay Points become V Points?","ja":"PayPayポイントはVポイントになる？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes, one-to-one from 100 points, once per day and up to 30,000 per month. However, the converted V balance has a fixed one-year validity, so exchange to solve an actual redemption need rather than merely moving points between apps.","ja":"はい、100ポイントから1対1で、1日1回・月3万まで交換できます。ただし交換で得たV残高は有効期限が固定1年のため、アプリ間でポイントを移すだけでなく、実際の交換需要を解くために交換しましょう。"},"sources":["paypay-vpoint-exchange"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-vpoint-waon","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Can V Points transfer to WAON POINT?","ja":"VポイントはWAON POINTに交換できる？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes, under current linkage and exchange rules, subject to account linkage. V Points also exchange one-to-one with PayPay Points. Check the current terms before exchanging, and prefer redeeming where the balance stays useful to you.","ja":"はい、現行の連携・交換ルールの下で、口座連携を条件に可能です。VポイントはPayPayポイントとも1対1で交換できます。交換前に現在の条件を確認し、残高が自分に有用に保てる交換を優先しましょう。"},"sources":["vpoint-official","waon-point"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-waon-vs-nanaco","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"WAON or nanaco — what is the difference?","ja":"WAONとnanacoの違いは？"},"answer":{"en":"WAON POINT is AEON’s loyalty currency (earned at AEON-group stores, ~two-year maximum life), while nanaco is Seven & i’s system (earned at Seven-Eleven and Ito-Yokado, points convert to nanaco e-money). Both distinguish the loyalty point from the stored-value electronic money of the same name, and both are largely closed-loop.","ja":"WAON POINTはイオンのロイヤリティ通貨（イオングループ店で貯まり有効期間は最長約2年）、nanacoはセブン＆アイの仕組み（セブン-イレブンやイトーヨーカドーで貯まり、ポイントはnanaco電子マネーに交換）です。どちらも同名の前払い電子マネーとロイヤリティポイントを区別し、いずれもほぼ閉じています。"},"sources":["waon-point","nanaco-points"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-supermarket-best","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"What is the best rewards setup for supermarkets?","ja":"スーパーに最適な特典構成は？"},"answer":{"en":"Use WAON POINT at AEON-group stores; otherwise use the supermarket’s own program (nanaco at Ito-Yokado, LaCuCa at Life, TOKYU POINT at Tokyu Store). A store’s high-frequency member days and coupons often outweigh a small difference between general cards, so join the program of the store you actually visit weekly.","ja":"イオングループではWAON POINT、他店では店独自のプログラム（イトーヨーカドーのnanaco、ライフのLaCuCa、東急ストアのTOKYU POINT）を使いましょう。店の頻度の高い会員日やクーポンは汎用カードの小さな差を上回ることが多いため、実際に週次で通う店のプログラムに入りましょう。"},"sources":["waon-point","nanaco-points"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-seven-eleven-best","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"What is best for Seven-Eleven shoppers?","ja":"セブン-イレブン利用者に最適なのは？"},"answer":{"en":"Compare nanaco/Seven benefits with the current eligible convenience-store card bonus (such as SMBC NL’s selected-store smartphone-touch route); the best payment can vary by purchase type. Scan the membership, apply coupons, then pay with the best eligible route.","ja":"nanaco／セブンの特典と、現在の対象コンビニのカードボーナス（三井住友NLの対象店スマホタッチ経路など）を比較しましょう。最適な決済は購入内容で変わります。会員を提示し、クーポンを適用し、対象の最良の方法で払います。"},"sources":["nanaco-points","smbc-conveni"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-lawson-best","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"What is best for Lawson shoppers?","ja":"ローソン利用者に最適なのは？"},"answer":{"en":"Present Ponta or d POINT (Lawson participates in both), then pay with an eligible payment method. Where SMBC NL’s selected-store smartphone-touch route applies, it can reach 7% via the exact eligible path — but iD and physical-card touch are excluded.","ja":"Pontaかdポイント（ローソンは両方に参加）を提示し、対象の決済方法で払います。三井住友NLの対象店スマホタッチが適用されれば、対象の正確な経路で最大7%になり得ますが、iDや物理カードのタッチは対象外です。"},"sources":["ponta-official","dpoint-official","smbc-conveni"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-familymart-best","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"What is best for FamilyMart shoppers?","ja":"ファミリーマート利用者に最適なのは？"},"answer":{"en":"Use V Point membership (the former T-Point) and FamiPay offers, then the card route actually eligible for the purchase. FamiPay adds a cash-back layer, and a rewarding card or QR wallet earns the payment reward on top of the merchant point.","ja":"Vポイント会員（旧Tポイント）とFamiPayの特典を使い、その買い物で実際に対象となるカード経路で払います。FamiPayはキャッシュバックの層を加え、還元のあるカードやQRウォレットが店のポイントに決済特典を重ねます。"},"sources":["vpoint-official"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Are electronics-store point rates comparable to cash discounts?","ja":"家電店のポイント率は現金値引きに匹敵する？"},"answer":{"en":"Only after checking whether card payment lowers the point rate and whether another retailer has a lower cash price. Store-point rates can differ by product and payment method, so compare the final cash price, warranty, and points together — do not buy from a higher-priced store just for more points.","ja":"カード払いでポイント率が下がるか、他店の現金価格が安いかを確認した上でのみです。店ポイント率は商品や決済方法で異なるため、最終現金価格・保証・ポイントを合わせて比較しましょう。ポイント目当てで高い店から買わないこと。"},"sources":["view-card"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-fuel-percentage","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"How should I compare fuel discounts?","ja":"給油の値引きはどう比較する？"},"answer":{"en":"Convert any yen-per-litre discount into an effective percentage at the current pump price, then compare it with a general 1% card. A nearby station usually matters more than a theoretically broader network, since the time and detour to a distant station can erase the reward.","ja":"1リットルあたりの値引きを現在の店頭価格で実質%に換算し、一般的な1%カードと比べましょう。遠い店までの時間と回り道が特典を打ち消し得るため、理論上広い網より近い店のほうが重要なことが多いです。"},"sources":["ponta-official"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-food-delivery-worth","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Are food-delivery points worth the markup?","ja":"フードデリバリーのポイントは上乗せに見合う？"},"answer":{"en":"Not necessarily. Delivery menu markups, delivery fees, and service fees can easily exceed the points earned. Compare the menu price, delivery fee, service fee, and coupon value against ordering directly or picking up, and never let points justify a delivery you would not otherwise pay for.","ja":"必ずしもそうではありません。デリバリーのメニュー上乗せ・配達料・サービス料は得たポイントを容易に超え得ます。メニュー価格・配達料・サービス料・クーポン価値を、直接注文や店頭受け取りと比べ、ポイントで本来払わないデリバリーを正当化しないこと。"},"sources":["dpoint-official"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-no-fee-cards","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Which no-fee cards have a base near 1%?","ja":"基本が約1%の年会費無料カードは？"},"answer":{"en":"Rakuten Card, PayPay Card, d Card, au PAY Card, and JCB Card W are prominent no-annual-fee examples with an ordinary rate near one percent in their own point system. Choose by the redemption ecosystem you already use, not by the headline rate alone.","ja":"楽天カード・PayPayカード・dカード・au PAYカード・JCB カード Wが、自社ポイントで約1%の通常率を持つ代表的な年会費無料カードです。表面の率だけでなく、既に使う交換の経済圏で選びましょう。"},"sources":["rakuten-card-terms","paypay-card","dcard","jcb-card-w"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-smbc-7-percent","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Is SMBC Numberless a 7% card everywhere?","ja":"三井住友NLはどこでも7%？"},"answer":{"en":"No. Seven percent applies only to specified convenience stores and restaurants and only via the exact eligible smartphone contactless (or eligible mobile ordering) route. Physical-card touch and iD are excluded, and because seven percent already includes the base, you must not add a separate 0.5%.","ja":"いいえ。7%は指定のコンビニ・飲食店で、かつ対象のスマホのタッチ決済（または対象のモバイルオーダー）の正確な経路でのみ適用されます。物理カードのタッチやiDは対象外で、7%には基本が含まれるため別に0.5%を足してはいけません。"},"sources":["smbc-nl","smbc-conveni"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-id-vs-touch","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Does iD qualify for SMBC’s selected-store 7%?","ja":"iDは三井住友の対象店7%の対象？"},"answer":{"en":"No, the cited terms exclude iD from that route. iD and QUICPay are contactless rails with no independent point rate and are not interchangeable with Visa/Mastercard/JCB network touch for bonus categories. Always identify which credential is actually being charged before assuming a category bonus.","ja":"いいえ、規定はその経路からiDを除外しています。iDとQUICPayは独自のポイント率のない非接触決済で、ボーナス区分ではVisa／Mastercard／JCBのネットワークのタッチと同一には扱われません。区分ボーナスを前提にする前に、実際にどの資格情報で請求されるか確認しましょう。"},"sources":["smbc-conveni"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-young-applicant-card","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"What is a good no-fee card for young applicants?","ja":"若年層に良い年会費無料カードは？"},"answer":{"en":"JCB Card W is a strong no-fee general card, but applications are generally limited to people aged 18–39; the no-fee status is retained after 39, so applying while eligible locks it in. Consider JCB’s narrower overseas acceptance if you travel.","ja":"JCB カード Wは強い年会費無料の汎用カードですが、申込は原則18〜39歳に限られます。39歳以降も無料が続くため、対象のうちに申し込めば確保できます。旅行するならJCBの海外受け入れが狭い点を考慮しましょう。"},"sources":["jcb-card-w"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-premium-card-worth","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"When is a premium card worth the fee?","ja":"プレミアムカードはいつ年会費に見合う？"},"answer":{"en":"Only when its recurring benefit exceeds its fee without a behaviour change. Value lounge count, insurance, hotel benefits, and family cards individually, and do not count lounges at retail walk-in price unless you would otherwise pay it. Never manufacture spending to reach a threshold.","ja":"行動を変えずに継続特典が年会費を上回るときだけです。ラウンジ回数・保険・ホテル特典・家族カードを個別に評価し、そうでなければ払う場合を除きラウンジを小売価格で数えないこと。しきい値到達のために支出を作らないこと。"},"sources":["smbc-gold-nl"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-permanent-points","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Which card points do not expire?","ja":"失効しないカードポイントは？"},"answer":{"en":"Saison Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) do not expire, which is notable among Japanese programs and helpful for slow accumulators. The Saison Gold American Express is free the first year and can waive the subsequent ¥11,000 fee with at least one annual card use under the cited offer.","ja":"セゾン永久不滅ポイントは失効せず、日本のプログラムでは珍しく、ゆっくり貯める人に有用です。セゾンゴールド・アメックスは初年度無料で、以降の11,000円は年1回以上の利用で無料になり得ます。"},"sources":["saison-gold-amex"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-au-gold-worth","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Is the au PAY Gold Card worth the fee?","ja":"au PAYゴールドカードは年会費に見合う？"},"answer":{"en":"Its high published rates (up to 5% on eligible au PAY auto-charging) are capped and conditional, so compare the autocharge bonus maximum directly with the ¥11,000 fee, plus any eligible mobile benefits. It is best for Ponta and au/UQ users who will actually hit the capped bonus.","ja":"表示の高還元（対象のau PAYオートチャージで最大5%）は上限・条件付きのため、オートチャージボーナスの上限と対象の携帯特典を11,000円の年会費と直接比較しましょう。上限付きボーナスを実際に得るPonta・au／UQユーザーに最適です。"},"sources":["aupay-card"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-card-investing","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"What is card-funded investing?","ja":"クレカ積立とは？"},"answer":{"en":"A recurring fund purchase charged to an eligible card through a participating brokerage (SBI/V Points, Rakuten/Rakuten Points, eSmart/Ponta), subject to a monthly limit. Published maximum reward rates depend on card tier and annual-spend or service conditions and are not the ordinary rate for most users.","ja":"対象のカードで、参加する証券（SBI／Vポイント、楽天／楽天ポイント、eSmart／Ponta）を通じて投信を定期購入する仕組みで、月間上限があります。表示上の最大還元率はカードのランクや年間利用・サービス条件次第で、多くの利用者の通常率ではありません。"},"sources":["sbi-vpoint-invest","aupay-card"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-card-investing-risk","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Is card-funded investing risk-free yield?","ja":"クレカ積立は無リスクの利回り？"},"answer":{"en":"No. Points do not remove market risk, fund expense ratios, card fees, annual-spend requirements, or monthly caps. Choose the fund and platform on investment suitability and total cost first, and treat the reward as a secondary tie-breaker — never buy a higher-fee fund or premium card merely to earn more points.","ja":"いいえ。ポイントは市場リスク・信託報酬・カード年会費・年間利用条件・月間上限を取り除きません。ファンドとプラットフォームはまず適合性と総コストで選び、還元は二次的なタイブレークとして扱いましょう。ポイントのためだけに手数料の高いファンドや上位カードを選ばないこと。"},"sources":["sbi-vpoint-invest"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-paypay-charge-points","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Does charging PayPay earn card points?","ja":"PayPayへのチャージでカードポイントは貯まる？"},"answer":{"en":"Not automatically. ATM cash top-ups and excluded-card charges generally earn no reward; only specifically eligible routes qualify. A card being accepted as a funding source does not prove the issuer awards points for the funding transaction — verify each layer on the transaction date.","ja":"自動ではありません。ATM現金チャージや対象外カードのチャージは通常ポイントが付かず、対象のルートだけが条件を満たします。カードがチャージ元として使えることは、発行会社がそのチャージにポイントを付けることを証明しません。各層を取引日に確認しましょう。"},"sources":["paypay-points"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-paypay-points-step","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Does paying with PayPay Points earn Step rewards?","ja":"PayPayポイントで払うとステップ還元は付く？"},"answer":{"en":"No, since June 2, 2026 the portion paid with PayPay Points is excluded from PayPay Step rewards, and PayPay Step now requires identity verification. Ordinary PayPay Points still do not expire, and points cannot be sent or withdrawn.","ja":"いいえ、2026年6月2日以降、PayPayポイントで払った分はPayPayステップ還元の対象外で、ステップは本人確認が必要になりました。通常のPayPayポイントは引き続き無期限で、送金・出金はできません。"},"sources":["paypay-step","paypay-points"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-aupay-withdraw","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Can au PAY balance be withdrawn?","ja":"au PAY残高は出金できる？"},"answer":{"en":"Eligible au PAY Money can be sent and withdrawn. Withdrawal to au Jibun Bank is free under current terms, while other banks generally cost ¥220 per withdrawal, with a ¥100,000 per-transaction maximum. Ponta points earned through au PAY are separate from withdrawable Money.","ja":"対象のau PAYマネーは送金・出金できます。auじぶん銀行への出金は現行条件で無料、他行は通常1回220円で、1回の上限は10万円です。au PAYで得たPontaポイントは、出金可能なマネーとは別です。"},"sources":["aupay-app"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-merpay-send","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Can Merpay balance be sent, and do sales proceeds expire?","ja":"メルペイ残高は送れる？売上金は失効する？"},"answer":{"en":"Verified Merpay balance can be sent under current limits, while promotional paid points generally cannot. Identity verification also removes the 180-day withdrawal/application deadline that otherwise applies to Mercari sales proceeds, so verifying is the key step for active sellers.","ja":"確認済みのメルペイ残高は現行の上限内で送金でき、付与ポイントは通常送れません。本人確認は、未確認だとメルカリ売上金に適用される180日の出金・申請期限も解除するため、活発な出品者には本人確認が要です。"},"sources":["merpay-guide"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-apple-pay-points","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Does Apple Pay change my card’s reward rate?","ja":"Apple Payでカードの還元率は変わる？"},"answer":{"en":"Usually the underlying card credential controls rewards — Apple Pay itself does not create a universal extra reward. However, a merchant category may require a precise Apple Pay route (network touch vs iD vs QUICPay), so identify which rail is used before assuming a category bonus.","ja":"通常は元のカードの資格情報が特典を決め、Apple Pay自体は汎用の追加特典を生みません。ただし店のカテゴリによっては正確なApple Payの経路（ネットワークのタッチ対iD対QUICPay）が必要なため、区分ボーナスを前提にする前にどの経路かを確認しましょう。"},"sources":["apple-pay-jp"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-google-wallet-emoney","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Which Japanese e-money does Google Wallet support?","ja":"Googleウォレットが対応する日本の電子マネーは？"},"answer":{"en":"Official listings include Suica, PASMO, Rakuten Edy, WAON, and nanaco on eligible devices, with top-up rules differing by product, plus QUICPay, iD, and network contactless. A phone bought for another market may lack the required Japanese FeliCa hardware, so some products may not work.","ja":"公式にはSuica・PASMO・楽天Edy・WAON・nanaco（チャージ規則は商品で異なる）に加え、QUICPay・iD・非接触に対応します。海外向けに買った端末は必要な日本のFeliCaハードウェアを欠くことがあり、一部の商品が使えない場合があります。"},"sources":["google-wallet-jp"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-emoney-card-points","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Can any card charge e-money and earn card points?","ja":"どのカードでも電子マネーをチャージしてポイントが貯まる？"},"answer":{"en":"No. Suica, WAON, or nanaco may accept the card while the issuer excludes the charge from rewards. Only specifically eligible funding routes earn card points, so never assume an arbitrary card-to-e-money charge earns points — verify the route.","ja":"いいえ。Suica・WAON・nanacoがカードを受け付けても、発行会社がそのチャージを特典対象から除外していることがあります。対象のチャージ手段だけがカードポイントを得るため、任意のカードでの電子マネーチャージがポイント対象と考えず、手段を確認しましょう。"},"sources":["nanaco-points","waon-point"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-suica-register","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Must I register Suica to earn JRE POINT?","ja":"JRE POINTを貯めるにはSuica登録が必要？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes, the Suica must be linked to a JRE POINT account to earn ride points; unregistered rides and cash earn nothing. Register before travelling, and note that not every Suica transaction is a qualifying JR East ride.","ja":"はい、乗車ポイントを貯めるにはSuicaをJRE POINTアカウントに連携する必要があります。未登録の乗車や現金は貯まりません。移動前に登録し、すべてのSuica取引が対象のJR東日本乗車ではない点に注意しましょう。"},"sources":["jre-suica"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-suica-ride-rate","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"What is the Mobile Suica JR East ride rate?","ja":"モバイルSuicaのJR東日本乗車の還元率は？"},"answer":{"en":"Registered Mobile Suica earns one JRE POINT per ¥50 on eligible JR East rides (2%), while registered physical Suica earns one per ¥200 (0.5%). Charging with a View card adds 1.5%, so a View-funded registered Mobile Suica stacks a nominal 3.5% on eligible travel.","ja":"登録済みモバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）、登録済み物理Suicaは200円につき1ポイント（0.5%）です。ビューカードのチャージで1.5%加わるため、ビューでチャージした登録モバイルSuicaは対象移動で名目3.5%を重ねます。"},"sources":["jre-suica","view-card"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-view-card-worth","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Is a View card worth it for occasional riders?","ja":"たまに乗る人にビューカードは見合う？"},"answer":{"en":"Only when the incremental Suica and JR East rewards exceed the ¥524 annual fee and complexity. Against a 0.5% free card, you need roughly ¥52,400 of annual 1.5%-eligible Suica charging to recover the fee from the extra one percentage point alone — so it suits frequent JR East commuters.","ja":"追加のSuica・JR東日本の還元が524円の年会費と手間を上回るときだけです。0.5%の無料カードと比べ、追加1%分だけで年会費を回収するには年間約52,400円の1.5%対象チャージが必要なため、JR東日本を頻繁に使う通勤者に向きます。"},"sources":["view-card","jre-suica"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-ana-vs-jal","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Which is better, ANA or JAL?","ja":"ANAとJAL、どちらが良い？"},"answer":{"en":"The airline with better routes, award seats, and alliance partners for your real travel. ANA is Star Alliance; JAL is oneworld. Both miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, and both revised award pricing in 2026, so neither is universally better and a fixed per-mile value is not a fact.","ja":"あなたの実際の旅行で、路線・特典席・提携が優れるほうです。ANAはスターアライアンス、JALはワンワールド。どちらもマイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効し、2026年に特典価格を改定したため、万人向けに優れる方はなく、固定の1マイル単価は事実ではありません。"},"sources":["ana-mileage","jal-mileage"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-ana-expiry","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"How long do ANA miles last?","ja":"ANAマイルの有効期限は？"},"answer":{"en":"ANA miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, so a slowly accumulating balance needs occasional use. ANA also revised its domestic award rules effective May 19, 2026, so older award charts are unsafe.","ja":"ANAマイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効するため、ゆっくり貯まる残高は時々使う必要があります。ANAは2026年5月19日発効で国内特典ルールも改定したため、古い特典チャートは危険です。"},"sources":["ana-mileage"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-jal-expiry","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"How long do JAL miles last?","ja":"JALマイルの有効期限は？"},"answer":{"en":"JAL miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual. JAL domestic awards use base pricing plus JMB PLUS, and tickets issued from October 1, 2026 were subject to announced revisions, so verify current award pricing.","ja":"JALマイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効します。JALの国内特典は基本価格＋JMB PLUSを使い、2026年10月1日以降発券分は改定の対象のため、現在の特典価格を確認しましょう。"},"sources":["jal-mileage"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-jal-plus","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"What are JAL PLUS (JMB PLUS) awards?","ja":"JAL PLUS（JMB PLUS）特典とは？"},"answer":{"en":"JMB PLUS is a mechanism that raises the required miles above the base price when lower-priced award inventory is unavailable, so the same route can cost more miles at busy times. Value awards against a fare you would actually buy, minus taxes and surcharges.","ja":"JMB PLUSは、低価格の特典在庫がないときに必要マイルを基本価格より引き上げる仕組みで、同じ路線でも混雑期はより多くのマイルがかかります。特典は、実際に買う運賃から税・サーチャージを引いて評価しましょう。"},"sources":["jal-mileage"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-mile-value","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"How do I calculate the value of a mile?","ja":"マイルの価値はどう計算する？"},"answer":{"en":"Mile value = (comparable cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) ÷ miles used. Use the fare you would really buy, not an inflated flexible fare, and remember taxes and surcharges remain on award tickets. Direct conversion often yields under ¥0.5 per point unless the award is genuinely high-value.","ja":"マイル価値＝（比較可能な現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイルです。膨らませた変更可能運賃でなく実際に買う運賃を使い、特典券にも税・サーチャージが残ることを忘れないこと。直接交換は、特典が本当に高価値でない限り1ポイント0.5円未満になりがちです。"},"sources":["ana-mileage","jal-mileage"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-transfer-miles","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Should I transfer points to airline miles?","ja":"ポイントをマイルに交換すべき？"},"answer":{"en":"Only when you have a realistic high-value award, the ratio is acceptable, and the destination gives longer or more useful validity. Direct mile conversion often yields under ¥0.5 per point, so transfer to solve a specific redemption you will use — not speculatively.","ja":"現実的で価値の高い特典があり、レートが妥当で、交換先の有効期限がより長い・有用なときだけです。マイルへの直接交換は1ポイント0.5円未満になりがちのため、実際に使う特定の交換のために交換し、投機的にはしないこと。"},"sources":["ponta-jal","ana-mileage"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-minimum-redemption","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Are there minimums for redeeming or transferring points?","ja":"ポイントの利用・交換に最低数量はある？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes, many programs redeem only in fixed increments and transfers have minimums — for example, nanaco converts to ANA miles at 500 points for 250 miles, and PayPay↔V Point exchange starts at 100 points. Small minimums reduce the risk of stranded balances.","ja":"はい、多くのプログラムは固定単位でしか使えず、交換にも最低数量があります。例えばnanacoは500ポイントでANA 250マイル、PayPay↔Vポイントの交換は100ポイントからです。最低数量が小さいほど、残高が使えなくなるリスクが減ります。"},"sources":["nanaco-points","paypay-vpoint-exchange"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-marriott-expiry","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"When do Marriott Bonvoy points expire?","ja":"Marriott Bonvoyのポイントはいつ失効する？"},"answer":{"en":"Generally after 24 months without qualifying activity, so occasional account activity keeps them alive. Marriott ordinarily awards about ten base points per eligible US dollar at most brands, but buying an unnecessary stay merely to extend points is rarely efficient.","ja":"原則、対象の利用が24か月ないと失効するため、時々の口座利用で維持できます。Marriottは多くのブランドで対象1米ドルにつき基本約10ポイントを付与しますが、延長のためだけに不要な宿泊を買うのはめったに効率的ではありません。"},"sources":["marriott-bonvoy"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-one-harmony","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"What is One Harmony best for?","ja":"One Harmonyは何に最適？"},"answer":{"en":"Repeat stays at Okura, Nikko, and Hotel JAL City properties in Japan and participating locations. It is free to join, offers tier status, and generally extends points two years after qualifying activity, so it can be more practical than an international program for travelers who repeatedly use its Japanese portfolio.","ja":"日本のオークラ・ニッコー・ホテルJALシティ等や参加施設での再訪に最適です。入会無料・段階制で、対象の利用後に通常2年延長するため、その日本の施設群を繰り返し使う旅行者には国際プログラムより実用的なことがあります。"},"sources":["one-harmony"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-beginner-program","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Which point program should a beginner choose?","ja":"初心者はどのポイントプログラムを選ぶ？"},"answer":{"en":"Choose the ecosystem covering the stores, carrier, or marketplace you already use most — Rakuten, PayPay, d POINT, Ponta, and V Points are the principal general candidates. Begin with one primary program and add a specialist transit or supermarket program only when it creates measurable value.","ja":"すでに最も使う店・キャリア・モールをカバーする経済圏を選びましょう。楽天・PayPay・dポイント・Ponta・Vポイントが主な汎用候補です。まず1つの主要プログラムから始め、測れる価値が生まれるときだけ交通やスーパーの専門プログラムを加えます。"},"sources":["rakuten-point","paypay-points"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-foreign-join","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Can foreign residents join Japanese point programs?","ja":"外国人居住者は日本のポイントプログラムに入れる？"},"answer":{"en":"Generally yes when they can create the required domestic account and satisfy the program’s terms; nationality is usually less important than residence and account verification. Free loyalty membership is easier than credit-card underwriting, so join point programs first while building financial history.","ja":"必要な国内アカウントを作り、プログラムの条件を満たせば概ね可能です。国籍より在留と口座の確認のほうが通常重要です。無料の会員登録はカードの与信より容易なため、金融履歴を作りながらまずポイントプログラムに入りましょう。"},"sources":["paypay-points","dpoint-official"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-foreign-first-card","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"What is a good first credit card for foreign residents?","ja":"外国人居住者に良い最初のクレジットカードは？"},"answer":{"en":"The Rakuten Card (partial English information) and the Epos Card (easy to get, often cited as accessible) are commonly accessible first cards. Establish a bank account, phone, address record, and payment history first, then apply for one card at a time; keep your name spelling consistent everywhere.","ja":"楽天カード（一部英語情報）とエポスカード（取得しやすく手が届きやすいとされる）が、よく入手できる最初のカードです。まず銀行口座・電話・住所の記録・支払い履歴を作り、次にカードを1枚ずつ申し込み、名前の綴りをどこでも統一しましょう。"},"sources":["rakuten-card-terms","epos-card-terms"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-foreign-card-tourist","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Can a tourist get a Japanese rewards credit card?","ja":"旅行者は日本の特典クレジットカードを作れる？"},"answer":{"en":"Ordinarily no; major cards generally require residence in Japan, a domestic address, a reachable phone, a bank account, and domestic underwriting. A visitor can sometimes use limited supported routes in QR apps, but registration, 3-D Secure, and reward restrictions make foreign cards unreliable for points.","ja":"通常はできません。主要カードは概ね日本の在留・国内住所・連絡可能な電話・銀行口座・国内審査を要します。旅行者はQRアプリの限られた対応ルートを使えることもありますが、登録・3Dセキュア・特典の制限のため、外国カードはポイントに不確実です。"},"sources":["rakuten-card-terms"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-family-pooling","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Can families pool points and airline miles?","ja":"家族でポイントやマイルを合算できる？"},"answer":{"en":"Some programs allow designated relatives to share or use points, and airlines like ANA provide specified family award arrangements — but rules differ by program, and family-card purchases only count toward a threshold when the specific terms say so. Verify before assuming aggregation.","ja":"指定の親族でポイントを共有・利用できるプログラムがあり、ANAなどは規定の家族特典の仕組みを提供します。ただしルールはプログラム別で、家族カードの利用がしきい値に算入されるのは各条件が認める場合だけです。合算を前提にせず確認しましょう。"},"sources":["ana-mileage"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-best-qr-app","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"Which QR-payment app is best?","ja":"どのQR決済アプリが最適？"},"answer":{"en":"PayPay for the broadest coverage and no ordinary-point expiry, Rakuten Pay for Rakuten integration, d払い for docomo/d POINT, au PAY for Ponta/au, and Merpay for active Mercari users. Choose by the ecosystem you already use rather than the headline rate.","ja":"最も広い加盟店と通常ポイント無期限ならPayPay、楽天連携なら楽天ペイ、ドコモ／dポイントならd払い、Ponta／auならau PAY、メルカリ活用者ならメルペイです。表面の率でなく、既に使う経済圏で選びましょう。"},"sources":["paypay-points","rakuten-pay","dbarai","aupay-app"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-break-even","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"How do I calculate a card’s annual-fee break-even?","ja":"カードの年会費損益分岐はどう計算する？"},"answer":{"en":"Break-even spending = (annual fee − fixed benefits actually used) ÷ premium incremental rate. Do not count lounges at retail walk-in price unless you would otherwise pay it, and never manufacture spending to reach a threshold. A fee is only worth paying for benefits you genuinely use.","ja":"損益分岐支出＝（年会費−実際に使う固定特典）÷上乗せ率です。そうでなければ払う場合を除きラウンジを小売価格で数えず、しきい値のために支出を作らないこと。年会費は本当に使う特典にだけ見合います。"},"sources":["smbc-gold-nl"],"personas":[]},{"id":"rewards-sources","cluster":"points","question":{"en":"How are the rewards facts on this site verified?","ja":"このサイトの特典情報はどう検証されている？"},"answer":{"en":"Every factual rate, fee, expiry, and eligibility claim cites an official first-party source — the issuer, program, airline, or the National Tax Agency — with a verification date. A search snippet is never used as evidence, uncertain values are shown as unknown rather than guessed, and superseded strategies are archived with their change dates.","ja":"すべての事実の率・手数料・有効期限・対象性の主張は、検証日付きの公式一次出典（発行会社・プログラム・航空会社・国税庁）を引きます。検索の抜粋は証拠に使わず、不確かな値は推測せず不明として示し、旧戦略は変更日付きで記録します。"},"sources":["nta-points-tax"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-buy-foreigner","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can a foreigner buy property in Japan?","ja":"外国人は日本で不動産を買えますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Generally yes. Ownership eligibility and mortgage eligibility are separate questions — owning is broadly open regardless of nationality, while financing is the real hurdle.","ja":"概ね可能です。所有資格と住宅ローン資格は別問題で、所有は国籍を問わず広く開かれ、融資が本当の壁です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-pr-mandatory","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is permanent residence mandatory for a mortgage?","ja":"住宅ローンに永住権は必須ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Not universally. Some specialist lenders (PRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, Suruga Bank) accept qualifying non-PR residents, and Flat 35 does not always require PR.","ja":"普遍的には必須ではありません。一部の専門機関(プレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガ銀行)は適格な非永住者を受け入れ、フラット35も永住を必ずしも求めません。"},"sources":["prestia-mortgage","tokyostar-mortgage"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-pr-still-helpful","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is PR still helpful for a mortgage?","ja":"永住権は住宅ローンに有利ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes. Permanent residence materially broadens ordinary bank options and usually improves terms, even though it is not universally required.","ja":"はい。永住権は普遍的に必須ではないものの、通常の銀行の選択肢を大きく広げ、条件も概ね良くします。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-japanese-spouse","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Does a Japanese spouse guarantee mortgage approval?","ja":"日本人配偶者がいれば住宅ローンは通りますか？"},"answer":{"en":"No. A Japanese spouse or guarantor may broaden eligibility with some banks, but it does not replace the credit and affordability review.","ja":"いいえ。日本人配偶者や保証人は一部の銀行で適格性を広げ得ますが、信用と返済能力の審査に代わるものではありません。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-english-support","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Which bank has English mortgage support?","ja":"英語対応の住宅ローンはどこですか？"},"answer":{"en":"PRESTIA (SMBC Trust Bank) expressly advertises comprehensive English support. Confirm whether \"English page,\" interpreter, and full English contracting are all provided.","ja":"プレスティア(SMBC信託銀行)は充実した英語対応を明示しています。「英語ページ」「通訳」「英語での契約」がすべて提供されるか確認しましょう。"},"sources":["prestia-mortgage"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-japanese-language","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Do I need Japanese-language ability?","ja":"日本語能力は必要ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Many lenders require contractual understanding in Japanese; some offer English support. Confirm the language help at each stage before applying.","ja":"多くの貸し手は日本語での契約理解を求め、英語対応の所もあります。申込前に各段階の言語支援を確認しましょう。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-no-japanese-guarantor","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can I borrow without a Japanese guarantor?","ja":"日本人の保証人なしで借りられますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Some products require no personal guarantor, but collateral, a guarantee company, insurance, and underwriting still apply.","ja":"個人保証人が不要な商品もありますが、担保・保証会社・保険・審査は依然適用されます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-overseas-income","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Does overseas income count for a mortgage?","ja":"海外収入は住宅ローンで認められますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Sometimes, but currency, tax, continuity, and document issues can reduce how much a lender recognizes.","ja":"認められることもありますが、通貨・税・継続性・書類の問題で認定額が減り得ます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-bonus-income","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Does bonus income count for affordability?","ja":"賞与は返済能力に数えられますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Lenders may count it, but households should not rely on uncertain bonuses — a base-salary-only budget is safer.","ja":"貸し手は数え得ますが、家計は不確実な賞与に頼らないほうが安全で、基本給のみの家計が無難です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-income-documents","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What income documents are required?","ja":"収入書類は何が必要ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Commonly withholding slips, tax certificates, employment evidence, and bank statements; the self-employed provide multiple years of tax returns.","ja":"一般に源泉徴収票・課税証明・在職証明・銀行明細で、自営は複数年の確定申告を提出します。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-years-income-history","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"How many years of income history are needed?","ja":"収入の履歴は何年必要ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"It is lender-specific; self-employed and variable-income applicants usually need more history.","ja":"貸し手によります。自営や変動収入の申込者は通常より長い履歴が必要です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-job-changer","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can a recent job changer get a mortgage?","ja":"転職直後でも住宅ローンは組めますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Possibly, but approval may be harder or require explanation; some lenders prefer a full year at the new employer.","ja":"可能ですが、承認が難しかったり説明を要したりします。新しい勤務先で丸1年を好む銀行もあります。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-probationary","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can a probationary employee qualify?","ja":"試用期間中でも審査に通りますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Some lenders decline or postpone; others review case by case.","ja":"断る・見送る銀行もあれば、個別に審査する銀行もあります。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-contract-employee","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can a contract employee qualify?","ja":"契約社員でも通りますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes with some lenders, but stability and history matter more than for permanent staff.","ja":"一部の銀行では可能ですが、正社員より安定性と履歴が重視されます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-sole-proprietor","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can a sole proprietor qualify for a mortgage?","ja":"個人事業主は住宅ローンを組めますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes, usually with multiple tax returns and a conservative, sometimes normalized, income assessment.","ja":"はい。通常は複数年の確定申告と、保守的で正規化されることもある収入評価によります。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-principal","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is principal?","ja":"元金とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"The outstanding amount borrowed, before interest and fees.","ja":"利息・手数料を除いた、借り入れている残額です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-interest","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is interest?","ja":"利息とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"The charge for borrowing, calculated on the outstanding principal at a nominal annual rate.","ja":"借入の対価で、残っている元金に対し名目年率で計算されます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-apr","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is APR?","ja":"APR(実質年率)とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"An annualized all-in borrowing-cost concept. Japanese mortgage comparisons often require calculating it manually from the rate plus fees.","ja":"手数料込みの年率化した借入コストの概念です。日本の住宅ローン比較では金利＋手数料から自分で計算する必要が多いです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-base-rate","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a base rate?","ja":"基準金利とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"The lender’s reference rate before any discount.","ja":"割引前の、貸し手の基準となる金利です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-preferential","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a preferential rate?","ja":"優遇金利とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"The base rate minus an approved discount margin.","ja":"基準金利から承認された優遇幅を引いた金利です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-discount-disappear","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can the discount margin disappear?","ja":"優遇幅は消えることがありますか？"},"answer":{"en":"It can under certain contract conditions. Confirm whether the discount margin is permanent for the term.","ja":"契約条件により消え得ます。優遇幅が全期間永続かを確認しましょう。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-fixed","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a fixed rate?","ja":"固定金利とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"A rate fixed for a defined period or the entire loan.","ja":"一定期間または全期間、固定される金利です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-variable","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a variable rate?","ja":"変動金利とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"A rate that can change under the loan’s review rules, commonly reviewed twice a year.","ja":"ローンの見直しルールで変わり得る金利で、一般に半年ごとに見直されます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-variable-change-frequency","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"How often can variable rates change?","ja":"変動金利はどれくらいで変わりますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Commonly twice yearly, but contracts differ — read the agreement.","ja":"一般に半年ごとですが契約により異なります。契約を読みましょう。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-five-year-rule","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is the five-year rule?","ja":"5年ルールとは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"A payment-review convention used by some loans that recalculates the payment only every five years. It is not a rate cap.","ja":"一部のローンで返済額を5年ごとにのみ再計算する慣行です。金利の上限ではありません。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-125-rule","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is the 125% rule?","ja":"125%ルールとは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"A convention limiting a payment increase to 125% at review. It does not eliminate accrued interest.","ja":"見直し時の返済額の増加を125%までに制限する慣行です。発生した利息を消しはしません。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-all-variable-rules","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Do all variable mortgages use the five-year/125% rules?","ja":"すべての変動ローンが5年・125%ルールを使いますか？"},"answer":{"en":"No. Some lenders do not use them — check the actual agreement.","ja":"いいえ。使わない貸し手もあります。実際の契約を確認しましょう。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-unpaid-interest","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can unpaid interest occur?","ja":"未払利息は生じますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes, under some payment-limiting structures, when interest exceeds the scheduled payment it can accumulate as unpaid interest.","ja":"はい。一部の返済制限構造では、利息が予定返済額を超えると未払利息として積み上がり得ます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-amortization","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is amortization?","ja":"返済(償却)とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"The scheduled reduction of principal through payments; early payments on a level-payment loan are mostly interest.","ja":"返済による元金の計画的な減少です。元利均等では初期の返済は利息が大半です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-level-principal-interest","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is level principal-and-interest repayment?","ja":"元利均等返済とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"A structure aiming for a level scheduled payment, subject to rate resets; total interest is higher than level principal.","ja":"返済額を一定に保つ構造(金利見直しに服する)で、総利息は元金均等より多くなります。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-level-principal","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is level-principal repayment?","ja":"元金均等返済とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Equal principal each month with declining total payments; it saves total interest but starts higher, and not every lender offers it.","ja":"毎月同じ元金で総返済額が逓減する方式で、総利息を抑えますが高く始まり、全行が扱うわけではありません。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-collateral","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is collateral?","ja":"担保とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Property pledged to secure repayment; a mortgage lender registers a first-ranking mortgage over it.","ja":"返済を保全するために差し入れる資産で、住宅ローンでは第一順位の抵当権を登記します。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-mortgage-registration","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a mortgage registration?","ja":"抵当権設定登記とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"The lender’s registered security right over the property.","ja":"物件に対する貸し手の登記された担保権です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-guarantee-company","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a guarantee company?","ja":"保証会社とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"An entity that pays the lender after qualifying default and then pursues the borrower for the amount.","ja":"所定の債務不履行時に貸し手へ代位弁済し、その後借り手に請求する会社です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-guarantee-erase-debt","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Does guarantee performance erase my debt?","ja":"代位弁済で私の債務は消えますか？"},"answer":{"en":"No. The claim generally transfers to the guarantee company, which then pursues you.","ja":"いいえ。請求権は原則保証会社に移り、以後あなたを追及します。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-total-cost","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is the total cost of borrowing?","ja":"借入の総コストとは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Interest plus origination or guarantee fees, insurance, registration, appraisal, account conditions, and early-repayment costs over your holding period.","ja":"保有期間にわたる、利息＋事務手数料や保証料・保険・登記・鑑定・口座条件・繰上返済費用の合計です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-secured-vs-unsecured","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is the difference between secured and unsecured loans?","ja":"担保付きと無担保の違いは？"},"answer":{"en":"Secured loans pledge collateral for lower rates and longer terms but risk the asset; unsecured loans cost much more and are unsuitable for long-lived assets.","ja":"担保付きは担保を差し入れ低金利・長期だが資産を失うリスクがあり、無担保ははるかに高く長寿命資産に不向きです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-preapproval","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is preapproval?","ja":"事前審査とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Preliminary screening on stated information — not a final promise to lend.","ja":"申告情報による予備審査で、融資の最終的な約束ではありません。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-final-approval","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is final approval?","ja":"本審査とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Full borrower and property underwriting after detailed documents and checks.","ja":"詳細書類と確認の後の、申込者と物件の本格的な引受です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-approval-fail","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can final approval fail after preapproval?","ja":"事前審査後に本審査で落ちることはありますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes — if documents differ, the appraisal is weak, insurance is unavailable, employment changes, new debt appears, or the property is ineligible.","ja":"はい。書類の相違・担保評価の弱さ・保険不承認・雇用の変化・新規債務・物件の不適格があれば落ち得ます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-preapproval-valid","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"How long is preapproval valid?","ja":"事前審査の有効期間は？"},"answer":{"en":"Lender-specific and usually time-limited — confirm the validity period.","ja":"貸し手ごとで通常は期限があります。有効期間を確認しましょう。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-preapproval-final","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is the difference between preapproval and final approval?","ja":"事前審査と本審査の違いは？"},"answer":{"en":"Preapproval screens stated information; final approval fully underwrites you and the property and can still fail.","ja":"事前審査は申告情報を確認し、本審査はあなたと物件を本格的に引き受け、なお落ち得ます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-offer-before-preapproval","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Should I make an offer before preapproval?","ja":"事前審査の前に買付を出すべき？"},"answer":{"en":"It is safer to have preapproval first, so you know the price is financeable.","ja":"価格が融資可能と分かるよう、先に事前審査を取るほうが安全です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-change-jobs","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Should I change jobs after preapproval?","ja":"事前審査の後に転職してよい？"},"answer":{"en":"Avoid material changes until closing unless disclosed and accepted; a change can undo an approval.","ja":"開示・承諾がない限り決済まで重大な変化は避けましょう。承認を覆し得ます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-check-own-credit","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Should I check my own credit before applying?","ja":"申込前に自分の信用情報を確認すべき？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes, if there is any uncertainty about late payments, identity matching, or old accounts.","ja":"はい。延滞・本人情報の一致・古い口座に不安があるなら確認しましょう。"},"sources":["cic-credit"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-multiple-applications","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can multiple applications affect credit records?","ja":"複数申込は信用情報に影響しますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes. Application inquiries are recorded for a period, including six months at CIC.","ja":"はい。申込照会は一定期間記録され、CICでは6か月です。"},"sources":["cic-credit"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-serious-records-remain","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"How long do serious credit records remain?","ja":"重大な信用記録はどれくらい残りますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Commonly during the contract and up to five years after termination, depending on the organization and event.","ja":"機関と事象により、概ね契約期間中と終了後5年までです。"},"sources":["cic-credit","jicc-credit"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-after-decline","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What should I do after a decline?","ja":"否決された後はどうすべき？"},"answer":{"en":"Check credit records, documents, debt-to-income, property eligibility, and lender fit before reapplying.","ja":"再申込の前に、信用情報・書類・返済負担率・物件の適格性・貸し手との相性を確認しましょう。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-late-payment","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What happens if a loan payment is late?","ja":"ローンの返済が遅れるとどうなりますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Late-payment charges accrue, but the bigger risk is credit-record damage, acceleration, guarantee performance, and foreclosure.","ja":"遅延損害金が発生しますが、より大きなリスクは信用毀損・期限の利益喪失・代位弁済・競売です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-how-much-down","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"How much down payment is required?","ja":"頭金はいくら必要ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"It varies from little or none to 20% or more; a lower LTV often improves pricing and approval.","ja":"ほとんどなしから20%以上まで様々で、LTVが低いほど条件と承認が良くなりがちです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-zero-down-safe","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is zero-down financing safe?","ja":"フルローンは安全ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"It can leave you with negative equity and no cash for fees or repairs if the value dips.","ja":"価値が下がると担保割れになり、諸費用や修繕の現金が残らないことがあります。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-ltv","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is loan-to-value (LTV)?","ja":"LTV(融資比率)とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"The loan divided by the lender-recognized property value or price.","ja":"融資額を、金融機関が認める物件評価または価格で割ったものです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-ltv-over-100","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Why can LTV exceed 100%?","ja":"なぜLTVが100%を超えることがありますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Some loans include transaction costs, which raises leverage and risk.","ja":"取引費用を含めるローンがあり、レバレッジとリスクを高めます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-dti","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is debt-to-income?","ja":"返済負担率とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Annual scheduled debt repayments divided by qualifying annual income; it counts all your debts, not just the mortgage.","ja":"年間の返済額を審査対象の年収で割ったもので、住宅ローンだけでなく全債務を数えます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-flat35-ratios","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What debt ratios does Flat 35 use?","ja":"フラット35の返済比率は？"},"answer":{"en":"Commonly 30% of income below ¥4 million and 35% at ¥4 million or more.","ja":"一般に年収400万円未満で30%、400万円以上で35%です。"},"sources":["jhf-repayment-ratio"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-borrow-maximum","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Should I borrow the maximum approved?","ja":"承認上限まで借りるべき？"},"answer":{"en":"Usually not; approval is an underwriting ceiling, not a household financial recommendation.","ja":"通常は避けましょう。承認は引受の天井であり家計への推奨ではありません。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-all-savings-down","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Should I use all my savings for the down payment?","ja":"貯金をすべて頭金に使うべき？"},"answer":{"en":"No. Retain cash for the 6–10% closing costs and an emergency and repair reserve.","ja":"いいえ。6〜10%の諸費用と緊急・修繕の備えの現金を残しましょう。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-flat35","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is Flat 35?","ja":"フラット35とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"A JHF-partnered, fully fixed-rate mortgage for eligible borrowers and homes, provided through participating financial institutions.","ja":"住宅金融支援機構が提携する、適格な借り手と住宅向けの全期間固定の住宅ローンで、参加金融機関を通じて提供されます。"},"sources":["jhf-flat35"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-flat35-government","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is Flat 35 a government loan?","ja":"フラット35は政府の融資ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"It is provided through participating financial institutions under JHF purchase or guarantee structures — not a direct government loan.","ja":"JHFの買取・保証の仕組みの下で参加金融機関を通じて提供され、直接の政府融資ではありません。"},"sources":["jhf-flat35"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-flat35-always-35","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is Flat 35 always 35 years?","ja":"フラット35は必ず35年ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"No. Shorter Flat 20 and eligible longer Flat 50 structures exist.","ja":"いいえ。短いフラット20や適格な長期のフラット50もあります。"},"sources":["jhf-flat35"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-flat35-same-everywhere","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is Flat 35’s rate the same everywhere?","ja":"フラット35の金利はどこも同じですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Base pricing may cluster, but lender fees and products differ — compare the total.","ja":"基準金利は近いことがありますが、手数料や商品は異なります。総額で比較しましょう。"},"sources":["jhf-flat35-rates"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-flat35-used-home","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can Flat 35 finance a used home?","ja":"フラット35で中古住宅を買えますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes, if eligibility and the property’s technical requirements are met.","ja":"はい。適格性と物件の技術基準を満たせば可能です。"},"sources":["jhf-flat35-tech"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-flat35-second-home","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can Flat 35 finance a second home?","ja":"フラット35でセカンドハウスを買えますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Certain genuine second-home uses may qualify; confirm the current conditions.","ja":"本当のセカンドハウスの一部の用途は適格になり得ます。現行条件を確認しましょう。"},"sources":["jhf-flat35"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-flat35-investment","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can Flat 35 finance an investment property?","ja":"フラット35で投資物件を買えますか？"},"answer":{"en":"No, not as an ordinary rental-investment loan.","ja":"いいえ。通常の賃貸投資ローンとしては使えません。"},"sources":["jhf-flat35"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-flat35s","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is Flat 35S?","ja":"フラット35Sとは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"A rate-reduction framework for homes meeting qualifying housing-performance standards, applying for specified initial years.","ja":"適格な住宅性能基準を満たす住宅への金利引下げの枠組みで、所定の当初年数に適用されます。"},"sources":["jhf-flat35s"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-flat35-child","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus?","ja":"フラット35子育てプラスとは？"},"answer":{"en":"A point-based rate reduction connected to qualifying household and housing conditions, applying for specified initial years.","ja":"適格な世帯・住宅条件に連動したポイント制の金利引下げで、所定の当初年数に適用されます。"},"sources":["jhf-flat35-child"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-flat35-discounts-permanent","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Are Flat 35 discounts permanent?","ja":"フラット35の優遇は永続ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"No. Many point reductions apply for specified initial years, not the full term.","ja":"いいえ。多くのポイント引下げは全期間でなく所定の当初年数に適用されます。"},"sources":["jhf-flat35"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-variable-risky","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Are variable rates risky?","ja":"変動金利は危険ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes, especially when affordability depends on the starting rate. Choose variable only if you survive a 2–3 point rise without selling.","ja":"はい。特に当初金利に返済能力が依存するときに。2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる場合のみ選びましょう。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-rate-rise","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What happens if rates rise?","ja":"金利が上がるとどうなりますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Interest cost rises; the timing of the payment change depends on the contract’s reset and payment rules.","ja":"利息コストが上がります。返済額変更の時期は契約の見直し・返済ルールによります。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-fixed-risk-free","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is a fixed rate risk-free?","ja":"固定金利は無リスクですか？"},"answer":{"en":"No. It removes specified interest-rate risk, not income, property, inflation, or life risk.","ja":"いいえ。所定の金利リスクを取り除きますが、収入・物件・インフレ・人生のリスクは残ります。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-fixed-period","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a fixed-period mortgage?","ja":"固定期間選択型とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"A loan fixed for an initial period (e.g. 10 years) and repriced afterward at the then-current rate.","ja":"当初期間(例：10年)固定し、その後は当時の金利で見直されるローンです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-after-fixed-period","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What happens after the fixed period?","ja":"固定期間の後はどうなりますか？"},"answer":{"en":"The then-current rate and contractual discount apply, which can be much higher than the initial rate.","ja":"当時の金利と契約上の優遇が適用され、当初金利よりずっと高くなり得ます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-mixed","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a mixed mortgage?","ja":"ミックス型とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Borrowing split between variable and fixed rate types.","ja":"借入を変動と固定の金利タイプに分けたものです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-mixing-reduce-risk","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Does mixing reduce risk?","ja":"ミックスはリスクを減らしますか？"},"answer":{"en":"It reduces concentration in one rate type but does not guarantee the lowest cost.","ja":"一つの金利タイプへの集中を減らしますが、最低コストは保証しません。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-pair-loan","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a pair loan?","ja":"ペアローンとは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Two separate loans, typically one for each partner, usually on the same property.","ja":"通常同じ物件について各パートナー1本ずつの、2本の別々のローンです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-pair-two-fees","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Do pair loans mean two fees?","ja":"ペアローンは手数料が2倍ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Often yes, because there are two contracts and two registrations.","ja":"しばしばそうです。契約と登記が2つあるためです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-pair-both-tax-relief","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can both partners claim mortgage tax relief?","ja":"夫婦とも住宅ローン控除を受けられますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Potentially, according to each partner’s qualifying ownership, debt, and tax position.","ja":"各々の適格な所有・債務・税の状況に応じて、受けられ得ます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-pair-divorce","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What happens to a pair loan after divorce?","ja":"離婚するとペアローンはどうなりますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Debt and title remain until lawfully transferred or refinanced; agreement between spouses alone does not release the bank.","ja":"債務と名義は合法な移転・借換まで残ります。夫婦間の合意だけでは銀行は解放しません。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-pair-death","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What happens if one pair-loan borrower dies?","ja":"ペアローンの一方が亡くなるとどうなりますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Insurance generally clears only the insured person’s loan, not automatically both, unless a joint-life product applies.","ja":"団信は原則、連生型でない限り被保険者のローンのみを消し、自動で双方は消しません。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-combined-income","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is combined income?","ja":"収入合算とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"A lender counts another person’s income in assessing one loan structure; that person may be a guarantor or joint debtor.","ja":"1本のローン構造の審査で別の人の収入を数えることで、その人は保証人または連帯債務者になり得ます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-contributor-liable","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is the income contributor liable?","ja":"収入を出す人は責任を負いますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Depending on the structure, they may be a guarantor or joint debtor — potentially liable without matching ownership or insurance.","ja":"構造により保証人または連帯債務者になり、所有や保険に見合わない責任を負い得ます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-parent-child-relay","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is parent-child relay financing?","ja":"親子リレーローンとは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"A loan whose repayment term is based partly on a younger successor borrower.","ja":"返済期間を若い後継の借り手に一部基づかせるローンです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-relay-inheritance","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is parent-child relay suitable for inheritance planning?","ja":"親子リレーは相続対策に向きますか？"},"answer":{"en":"It can be, but title, debt, insurance, and sibling fairness require professional planning.","ja":"向き得ますが、名義・債務・保険・兄弟の公平性に専門家の計画が要ります。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-refinancing","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is refinancing?","ja":"借り換えとは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Replacing the old mortgage with a new mortgage, often from another lender.","ja":"既存の住宅ローンを、多くは別の銀行の新しいローンに置き換えることです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-refinancing-makes-sense","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"When does refinancing make sense?","ja":"借り換えはいつ得ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"When discounted present-value savings and risk improvement exceed all new costs.","ja":"割引現在価値での節約とリスク改善が、新たな費用のすべてを上回るときです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-refinancing-health","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Does refinancing require health screening?","ja":"借り換えに健康審査は必要ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Usually, for new group credit life insurance; poor health can restrict standard cover.","ja":"通常、新たな団信のために必要です。健康状態が悪いと標準の保障が制限され得ます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-extend-term-refinancing","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can I extend the term when refinancing?","ja":"借り換えで期間を延ばせますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Sometimes, but extending can increase total interest — a lower monthly payment is not a saving.","ja":"延ばせることもありますが、総利息が増え得ます。低い月返済は節約ではありません。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-early-repayment","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is early repayment?","ja":"繰上返済とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Extra principal paid before scheduled maturity.","ja":"予定より早く元金を多く返すことです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-early-always-best","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is early repayment always best?","ja":"繰上返済は常に最善ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"No; liquidity, tax deductions, and alternative uses of cash matter.","ja":"いいえ。流動性・税額控除・現金の他の用途も重要です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-term-vs-payment-reduction","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Which saves more: term or payment reduction?","ja":"期間短縮と返済額軽減はどちらが得？"},"answer":{"en":"Term reduction usually saves more interest, all else equal.","ja":"他条件が同じなら、通常は期間短縮のほうが利息の節約になります。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-online-early-free","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Are online early repayments free?","ja":"オンラインの繰上返済は無料ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Many are, but the lender and method differ — check your loan.","ja":"多くは無料ですが、貸し手と方法で異なります。契約を確認しましょう。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-renovation-loan","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a renovation loan?","ja":"リフォームローンとは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Financing for repair, remodeling, or energy improvements.","ja":"修繕・改装・省エネ改良のための資金です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-renovation-in-mortgage","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can renovation be included in the mortgage?","ja":"リフォーム費用を住宅ローンに含められますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Some purchase-plus-renovation products permit it, which is usually cheaper than an unsecured loan.","ja":"購入＋リフォーム一体型の商品で可能で、通常は無担保より安いです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is unsecured renovation finance expensive?","ja":"無担保のリフォーム資金は高いですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Usually more expensive than mortgage-secured finance.","ja":"通常、抵当権付きより高くつきます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-renovation-increase-value","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Does renovation always increase value?","ja":"リフォームは必ず価値を上げますか？"},"answer":{"en":"No. Personalized or overcapitalized work may not be recovered on resale.","ja":"いいえ。個性的・過剰な工事は売却で回収できないことがあります。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-bridge","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a bridge loan?","ja":"つなぎ融資とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Short-term finance before the permanent mortgage proceeds become available.","ja":"本融資の資金が使えるようになる前の、短期の資金です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-who-uses-bridge","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Who uses bridge loans?","ja":"つなぎ融資は誰が使いますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Commonly land-and-build or staged-construction purchasers.","ja":"主に土地＋建築や分割建築の買い手です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-reverse-mortgage","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a reverse mortgage?","ja":"リバースモーゲージとは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"A senior homeowner borrows against home equity, with repayment commonly deferred until death or sale.","ja":"高齢の所有者が自宅の資産価値を担保に借り、返済を原則死亡または売却まで繰り延べる仕組みです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-reverse-exceed-value","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can reverse-mortgage debt exceed the home value?","ja":"リバースモーゲージの債務は住宅価値を超えますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Product treatment differs; review recourse, valuation, and the heirs’ options.","ja":"商品で扱いが異なります。遡及・評価・相続人の選択肢を確認しましょう。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-secured-property-loan","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a secured property loan?","ja":"不動産担保ローンとは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"A loan for broader purposes backed by a registered mortgage over real estate.","ja":"不動産への抵当権登記を担保にした、広い目的のためのローンです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-secure-consumer-spending","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Should I secure consumer spending on my home?","ja":"消費支出のために自宅を担保にすべき？"},"answer":{"en":"Generally no; it converts spending risk into the risk of losing your home.","ja":"概ねいいえ。支出リスクを住まいを失うリスクに変えます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-bank-card-loan","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a bank card loan?","ja":"銀行カードローンとは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"A revolving unsecured credit line from a bank; it sits outside the moneylender one-third rule but rates are still often high.","ja":"銀行のリボ払い無担保信用枠で、貸金業の3分の1規制の外ですが金利は依然高いことが多いです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-card-loan-onethird","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Are bank card loans subject to the one-third rule?","ja":"銀行カードローンは総量規制の対象ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Bank lending is outside that statutory rule, though banks impose their own limits.","ja":"銀行融資はこの規制の外ですが、銀行は独自の限度を設けます。"},"sources":["fsa-moneylending"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-finance-company-covered","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Are finance-company cash advances covered by the one-third rule?","ja":"信販会社のキャッシングは総量規制の対象ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Generally yes, as covered moneylender borrowing.","ja":"概ねそうです。対象となる貸金業の借入です。"},"sources":["fsa-moneylending"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-card-loan-mortgage","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can card-loan use hurt mortgage approval?","ja":"カードローンの利用は住宅ローン審査に響きますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes — through the balance, repayment burden, and credit behavior; even an unused limit can reduce headroom.","ja":"はい。残高・返済負担・信用行動を通じて。使っていない枠でも余力を減らし得ます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-onethird-rule","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is the one-third-of-income borrowing rule?","ja":"年収3分の1の総量規制とは？"},"answer":{"en":"New moneylender borrowing is normally restricted once covered balances exceed one-third of annual income; banks and housing loans sit outside it.","ja":"対象残高が年収の3分の1を超えると新規の貸金業者からの借入が原則制限されます。銀行・住宅ローンは対象外です。"},"sources":["fsa-moneylending"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-borrow-down-payment","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Should I borrow the down payment?","ja":"頭金を借りてよいですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Undisclosed borrowing is dangerous and can cause rejection or misrepresentation concerns.","ja":"非開示の借入は危険で、否決や虚偽の懸念を招き得ます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-auto-bank-loan","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a bank auto loan?","ja":"銀行の自動車ローンとは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Purpose-specific vehicle finance from a bank or affiliated lender; it often shows a clearer interest cost.","ja":"銀行や提携先による車両専用の融資で、利息コストが明確なことが多いです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-dealer-financing-cheaper","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is dealer financing cheaper?","ja":"ディーラー分割は安いですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Sometimes after discounts, but compare the vehicle’s cash price and total finance cost separately.","ja":"値引き後に安いこともありますが、車両の現金価格と総融資コストを別々に比較しましょう。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-residual-value","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is residual-value financing?","ja":"残価型ローンとは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Payments are based partly on an assumed future vehicle value, leaving a balloon or return conditions.","ja":"想定される将来の車両価値に一部基づいて支払いを決め、バルーンや返却条件を残す方式です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-education-loan","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is an education loan?","ja":"教育ローンとは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Purpose financing for tuition and related education costs, through public or private routes.","ja":"公的・民間のルートによる、学費と関連する教育費のための目的融資です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-sole-proprietor-business","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can a sole proprietor obtain a business loan?","ja":"個人事業主は事業ローンを得られますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes, using financial statements, tax returns, and a business-purpose analysis — but never use home equity to support an unviable business.","ja":"はい。決算・確定申告・事業目的の分析を使います。ただし成り立たない事業を支えるために自宅の担保価値を使わないこと。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-cash-beyond-price","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What cash do I need beyond the price?","ja":"価格以外にどんな現金が必要ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"The down payment plus roughly 6–10% of the price in closing costs, plus an emergency and repair reserve.","ja":"頭金に加え、価格の概ね6〜10%の諸費用と、緊急・修繕の備えです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-fees-outside-price","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What fees are outside the property price?","ja":"物件価格の外の費用は何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Brokerage, loan, registration, tax, insurance, inspection, renovation, moving, and reserves.","ja":"仲介・ローン・登記・税・保険・検査・リフォーム・引越・備えです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-earnest-extra-cost","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is earnest money an extra cost?","ja":"手付金は追加費用ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"No; it is normally credited to the price at closing.","ja":"いいえ。通常は決済時に代金へ充当されます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-earnest-money-size","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"How large is earnest money?","ja":"手付金はどれくらいですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Negotiated; 5–10% is common market practice but not universal.","ja":"交渉で決まります。5〜10%が市場慣行ですが必須ではありません。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-financing-clause","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a financing-condition clause?","ja":"住宅ローン特約とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"A contract term governing cancellation and deposit return if specified financing fails.","ja":"所定の融資が不成立の場合の解除と手付返還を定める契約条項です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-deposit-returned","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is the deposit always returned if the loan fails?","ja":"融資が不成立なら手付は必ず戻りますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Only if the contract’s financing-condition clause applies and its requirements were met.","ja":"契約の住宅ローン特約が適用され、その要件を満たした場合のみです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-brokerage-commission","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is brokerage commission?","ja":"仲介手数料とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Compensation paid to a licensed broker, subject to a statutory maximum based on price and transaction.","ja":"免許を持つ仲介への報酬で、価格と取引に応じた法定上限があります。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-developer-brokerage","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Do new developer properties have buyer brokerage?","ja":"新築デベロッパー物件に買主の仲介手数料はありますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Often no when purchased directly from the seller, but confirm the transaction structure.","ja":"売主から直接買う場合はないことが多いですが、取引の形を確認しましょう。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-judicial-scrivener","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Why use a judicial scrivener?","ja":"なぜ司法書士を使うのですか？"},"answer":{"en":"To prepare and file ownership and mortgage registrations and verify the closing formalities.","ja":"所有権と抵当権の登記を準備・申請し、決済の手続きを確認するためです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-cheapest-mortgage","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"How do I find the cheapest mortgage?","ja":"一番安い住宅ローンはどう探しますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Compare the all-in cost — execution rate, fees, insurance, and early-repayment costs — over your holding period, not the headline rate.","ja":"表面金利でなく、保有期間の総コスト(実行金利・手数料・保険・繰上返済費用)で比較します。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-compare-fairly","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"How do I compare lenders fairly?","ja":"金融機関を公平に比較するには？"},"answer":{"en":"Use the same execution date, LTV, term, insurance, fees, and holding period for every quote.","ja":"すべての見積りで、同じ実行日・LTV・期間・保険・手数料・保有期間を使います。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-how-many-lenders","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"How many lenders should I approach?","ja":"何行に当たるべきですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Enough to cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship bank, and any specialist route — without excessive simultaneous inquiries.","ja":"メガバンク・ネット銀行・関係銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅するだけ。ただし同時の過剰な照会は避けます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-registration-tax","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is registration and license tax?","ja":"登録免許税とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"A tax on specified registrations (ownership transfer and mortgage), based on assessed value and any relief.","ja":"所定の登記(所有権移転と抵当権設定)にかかる税で、評価額と軽減に基づきます。"},"sources":["nta-registration-tax"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-acquisition-tax","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is real-estate acquisition tax?","ja":"不動産取得税とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"A prefectural tax assessed after acquisition, based on assessed value; residential relief can reduce it.","ja":"取得後に課される都道府県税で、評価額に基づき、住宅の軽減で減り得ます。"},"sources":["tokyo-acquisition-tax"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-fixed-asset-tax","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is fixed-asset tax?","ja":"固定資産税とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"An annual municipal tax based on the assessed value of the property.","ja":"物件の評価額に基づく毎年の市町村税です。"},"sources":["tokyo-fixed-asset-tax"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-city-planning-tax","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is city-planning tax?","ja":"都市計画税とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"An additional local tax in designated urban-planning areas.","ja":"指定された都市計画区域で課される追加の地方税です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-prorate-fixed-asset","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Who pays the current year’s fixed-asset tax at closing?","ja":"決済時、その年の固定資産税は誰が払う？"},"answer":{"en":"Seller and buyer commonly prorate it economically by contract; legal liability follows statutory rules.","ja":"売主と買主が契約で経済的に按分するのが通常で、法的な納税義務は法定ルールに従います。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-mortgage-tax-deduction","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is the mortgage tax deduction?","ja":"住宅ローン控除とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"An income-tax credit based on your qualifying year-end mortgage balance (a 0.7% framework), subject to conditions.","ja":"年末の適格なローン残高に基づく所得税の税額控除(0.7%の枠組み)で、条件があります。"},"sources":["nta-mortgage-deduction"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-deduction-automatic","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is the 2026 mortgage deduction automatic?","ja":"2026年の住宅ローン控除は自動ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"No; eligibility and filing requirements must be met, and you generally file a return in the first year.","ja":"いいえ。適格性と申告要件を満たす必要があり、通常は初年度に確定申告します。"},"sources":["nta-mortgage-deduction"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-deduction-income-limit","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is there an income limit for the mortgage deduction?","ja":"住宅ローン控除に所得制限はありますか？"},"answer":{"en":"The general applicable-income ceiling is ¥20 million, with additional floor-area conditions.","ja":"一般的な適用所得の上限は2,000万円で、床面積の追加条件があります。"},"sources":["nta-mortgage-deduction"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-file-first-year","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Must I file a tax return in the first year?","ja":"初年度に確定申告は必要ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Generally yes for an initial mortgage-credit claim; later years an employee may claim it through year-end adjustment.","ja":"住宅ローン控除の初回請求には通常必要です。以後は会社員なら年末調整で受けられます。"},"sources":["nta-mortgage-deduction"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-selling-tax","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What tax applies when I sell property?","ja":"売却時にどんな税がかかりますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Capital-gains tax on the taxable gain after basis, allowable costs, and relief — not the gross price.","ja":"取得費・費用・特例後の課税譲渡益にかかる譲渡所得税で、総額ではありません。"},"sources":["nta-property-sale"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-sale-price-minus-purchase","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is sale price minus purchase price the taxable gain?","ja":"売却価格−購入価格が課税譲渡益ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Not necessarily; depreciation and transaction costs affect the basis and the gain.","ja":"必ずしもそうではありません。減価償却と取引費用が取得費と譲渡益に影響します。"},"sources":["nta-property-sale"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-30-million-deduction","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is the ¥30 million home-sale deduction?","ja":"3,000万円の特別控除とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"A possible deduction of up to ¥30 million from qualifying principal-residence capital gain, subject to conditions.","ja":"適格な自宅の譲渡益から最大3,000万円を控除できる場合がある制度で、条件があります。"},"sources":["nta-home-sale-deduction"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-rental-income-taxable","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is rental income taxable?","ja":"家賃収入は課税されますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes; net taxable rental income must generally be reported.","ja":"はい。純課税不動産所得は原則申告が必要です。"},"sources":["nta-real-estate-income"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-deduct-mortgage-from-rent","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can I deduct the full mortgage payment from rent?","ja":"家賃から住宅ローンの支払い全額を控除できますか？"},"answer":{"en":"No; principal is not ordinarily a deductible expense, though interest may be.","ja":"いいえ。元金は通常控除できる経費でなく、利息は控除され得ます。"},"sources":["nta-real-estate-income"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-interest-deductible-rental","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is mortgage interest deductible for rental property?","ja":"賃貸物件の住宅ローン利息は控除できますか？"},"answer":{"en":"It may be deductible under the income-tax rules, with limitations and allocation issues.","ja":"所得税のルールで、制限と按分の問題の下で控除され得ます。"},"sources":["nta-real-estate-income"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-depreciation-cash","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is depreciation cash income?","ja":"減価償却は現金収入ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"No; it is a tax accounting deduction, not a cash outlay or receipt.","ja":"いいえ。税務会計上の控除であり、現金の支出も受取もありません。"},"sources":["nta-depreciation"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-inheritance-registration","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is inheritance registration mandatory?","ja":"相続登記は義務ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes, inheritance-registration obligations now apply under the amended system; deadlines and transition rules require review.","ja":"はい。改正制度の下で相続登記の義務が適用されます。期限と経過措置の確認が必要です。"},"sources":["moj-inheritance-registration"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-spouses-5050","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Should spouses own property 50/50?","ja":"夫婦は50/50で所有すべき？"},"answer":{"en":"Only if contributions, debt, gift-tax, control, and future-sale consequences support that split.","ja":"拠出・債務・贈与税・支配・将来の売却への影響がそれを支持する場合のみです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-unequal-gift-tax","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can unequal payments create gift-tax issues?","ja":"不均等な支払いは贈与税の問題になりますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Potentially, when legal ownership and economic contributions differ.","ja":"法的所有と経済的拠出が異なるとき、なり得ます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-freehold","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is freehold?","ja":"所有権とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Ownership without a fixed land-lease expiry, subject to law and tax.","ja":"固定された借地の期限がなく、法と税に服する所有です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-leasehold","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is leasehold?","ja":"借地権とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"A right to use land owned by another person, subject to ground rent and consent.","ja":"他人が所有する土地を使う権利で、地代と承諾に服します。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-leasehold-bad","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is leasehold always bad?","ja":"借地権は常に不利ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"No, but financing, consent, ground rent, renewal, and remaining term all matter — get specialist review.","ja":"いいえ。ただし融資・承諾・地代・更新・残存期間がすべて重要です。専門家の確認を。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-fixed-term-leasehold","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is fixed-term leasehold?","ja":"定期借地権とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Leasehold that ends after a defined term; declining remaining term can impair value and finance.","ja":"定めた期間で終わる借地権で、残存期間の短縮が価値と融資を損ない得ます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-non-rebuildable","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is non-rebuildable property?","ja":"再建築不可物件とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"A property that cannot ordinarily receive permission for a replacement building under current access or planning rules.","ja":"現行の接道や都市計画のルールでは、建て替えの許可を通常受けられない物件です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-mortgage-non-rebuildable","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can I mortgage a non-rebuildable home?","ja":"再建築不可物件で住宅ローンを組めますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Mainstream finance is difficult and LTV is often low.","ja":"主流の融資は難しく、LTVは低いことが多いです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-new-seismic","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is the new seismic standard?","ja":"新耐震基準とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"A commonly used reference to the post-1981 code regime; it is not a building-specific guarantee.","ja":"1981年以降の基準体系への一般的な言及で、建物固有の保証ではありません。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-avoid-pre-1981","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Should I avoid all pre-1981 buildings?","ja":"1981年以前の建物はすべて避けるべき？"},"answer":{"en":"Not automatically; inspect retrofit, structure, soil, maintenance, and documentation.","ja":"一律ではありません。改修・構造・地盤・維持・書類を検査しましょう。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-inspection","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a home inspection?","ja":"建物状況調査(ホームインスペクション)とは？"},"answer":{"en":"A qualified visual and measured condition survey of specified components; it does not guarantee no hidden defects.","ja":"有資格者による所定部位の目視・計測の状態調査で、隠れた瑕疵の不存在は保証しません。"},"sources":["mlit-inspection"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-inspection-guarantee","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Does inspection guarantee no hidden defects?","ja":"検査で隠れた瑕疵がないと保証されますか？"},"answer":{"en":"No. It reports on what is visible and measurable at the time.","ja":"いいえ。その時点で見えて計測できるものを報告するものです。"},"sources":["mlit-inspection"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-who-selects-inspector","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Who should select the inspector?","ja":"検査人は誰が選ぶべき？"},"answer":{"en":"Preferably the buyer, independently of the seller and the renovation contractor.","ja":"望ましくは買主が、売主や施工業者から独立して選びます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-defect-insurance","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is defect insurance?","ja":"瑕疵保険とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Insurance covering specified qualifying defects under defined conditions.","ja":"定められた条件の下で所定の適格な瑕疵を補償する保険です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-stigmatized","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a stigmatized property?","ja":"心理的瑕疵物件とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Property associated with a material psychological event or circumstance affecting transactions.","ja":"取引に影響する重大な心理的な出来事や事情に関連する物件です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-disclose-forever","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Must every past event be disclosed forever?","ja":"過去の出来事は永久に告知が必要ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"No; disclosure depends on facts, timing, transaction, and legal guidance.","ja":"いいえ。告知は事実・時期・取引・法的指針によります。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-hazard-map","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a hazard map?","ja":"ハザードマップとは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"An official modeled map of specified disaster exposure such as flood, tsunami, and liquefaction.","ja":"浸水・津波・液状化などの所定の災害リスクを示す公式のモデル地図です。"},"sources":["mlit-hazard-map"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-outside-hazard-zone","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Does being outside a hazard zone mean safe?","ja":"ハザード区域の外なら安全ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"No. Models can be exceeded, so combine maps with site observation.","ja":"いいえ。モデルは超え得るため、地図と現地観察を組み合わせましょう。"},"sources":["mlit-hazard-map"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-vacant-house","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Should I buy an empty rural house (akiya)?","ja":"地方の空き家を買うべき？"},"answer":{"en":"Only after title, access, structure, utilities, renovation, and local-demand diligence.","ja":"権利・接道・構造・インフラ・改装・地域需要を確認した後にのみ。"},"sources":["stat-housing-survey"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-vacant-cheap-renovate","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Are vacant houses cheap to renovate?","ja":"空き家の改装は安いですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Often not; hidden structural, roof, plumbing, septic, and disposal work can exceed the price.","ja":"しばしば違います。隠れた構造・屋根・配管・浄化槽・処分の工事が価格を超え得ます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-resale-difficult","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"How difficult is resale?","ja":"売却はどれくらい難しいですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Highly property-specific; unusual, old, remote, leasehold, or weakly financed assets take longer.","ja":"物件次第です。特殊・古い・遠隔・借地・融資が付きにくい資産は時間がかかります。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-estimate-resale","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"How do I estimate resale value?","ja":"売却価値はどう見積もりますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Use transaction comparables, land share, building condition, tenure, and future buyer financeability.","ja":"取引事例・土地の持分・建物の状態・権利・将来の買い手の融資可否を使います。"},"sources":["mlit-real-estate-library"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-homes-depreciate","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Do homes depreciate to zero in Japan?","ja":"日本の住宅はゼロまで減価しますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Buildings may be heavily depreciated in market practice, but land, location, and quality create varied outcomes.","ja":"建物は市場慣行で大きく減価し得ますが、土地・立地・質で結果は様々です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-station-distance","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Why is station distance important?","ja":"駅距離はなぜ重要ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"It strongly affects convenience, tenant demand, and resale depth in many markets.","ja":"多くの市場で、利便・入居需要・売却の厚みに強く影響するためです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-condo-check","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What should I check for a condominium?","ja":"マンションで何を確認すべき？"},"answer":{"en":"Reserves, repair plan, arrears, minutes, bylaws, insurance, litigation, and planned major work.","ja":"積立金・修繕計画・滞納・議事録・規約・保険・訴訟・予定される大規模工事です。"},"sources":["mlit-repair-plan"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-condo-fees","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a condominium management fee?","ja":"マンションの管理費とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Payment for ordinary shared operations; it is not saved for major repairs (that is the repair reserve).","ja":"通常の共用運営への支払いで、大規模修繕のためには貯めません(それは修繕積立金)。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-repair-reserve","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a repair reserve?","ja":"修繕積立金とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Money accumulated for major capital repairs such as roof, façade, pipes, and elevators.","ja":"屋根・外壁・配管・エレベーターなどの大規模修繕のために貯めるお金です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-reserve-rise","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can repair reserves rise?","ja":"修繕積立金は上がりますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes, especially under step-up funding plans that start low and escalate.","ja":"はい。特に低く始まり逓増する段階増額計画で上がります。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-special-assessment","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is a special assessment?","ja":"一時金(特別徴収)とは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"An extra owner payment when reserves are insufficient for needed work.","ja":"積立金が必要な工事に足りないときの、所有者への追加負担です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-renovate-condo","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can I renovate any condominium interior?","ja":"マンションの内装は自由にリフォームできますか？"},"answer":{"en":"No; bylaws and structural/common-element rules apply.","ja":"いいえ。規約と構造・共用部分の規則が適用されます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-replace-windows","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can I replace condominium windows myself?","ja":"マンションの窓は自分で交換できますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Windows are often common elements with restricted alteration.","ja":"窓は変更が制限される共用部分であることが多いです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-pets","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can I keep pets in a condominium?","ja":"マンションでペットは飼えますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Only if the building rules permit them and within specified limits.","ja":"建物の規則が認め、所定の範囲内である場合のみです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-rent-out-mortgaged","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can I rent out my mortgaged home?","ja":"住宅ローン中の家を貸せますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Only with lender consent and compliance with loan, tax, insurance, and building rules.","ja":"融資の同意と、ローン・税・保険・建築規約の順守があって初めて可能です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-airbnb-condo","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can I use Airbnb in my condominium?","ja":"マンションでAirbnb(民泊)はできますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Only if national law, local ordinance, bylaws, lender, and insurer all permit it.","ja":"国の法・自治体条例・管理規約・融資・保険のすべてが認めて初めて可能です。"},"sources":["mlit-minpaku"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-180-days","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is private lodging always allowed for 180 days?","ja":"民泊は必ず180日できますか？"},"answer":{"en":"No; the national ceiling does not override municipal or condominium restrictions.","ja":"いいえ。国の上限は自治体や管理組合の制限を上書きしません。"},"sources":["mlit-minpaku"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-move-overseas","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What happens if I move overseas?","ja":"海外へ引っ越すとどうなりますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Notify the lender, insurer, tax authorities, and manager; owner-occupancy terms may require action.","ja":"融資・保険・税務当局・管理会社に届け出ましょう。居住条件が対応を求め得ます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-leave-vacant","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can I leave the property vacant?","ja":"物件を空室のままにできますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Usually temporarily, but insurance, maintenance, and loan terms must be reviewed.","ja":"通常は一時的に可能ですが、保険・維持・ローン条件の確認が必要です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-emergency-cash-owner","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"How much emergency cash should an owner keep?","ja":"所有者はどれくらい緊急資金を持つべき？"},"answer":{"en":"Common planning practice is several months of living costs plus property-specific repair reserves.","ja":"一般的な目安は、数か月分の生活費に加え物件固有の修繕積立です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-fire-earthquake","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Do I need fire and earthquake insurance as a homeowner?","ja":"住宅所有者に火災・地震保険は必要ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Lenders generally require fire insurance; earthquake insurance is separate, must be attached to fire insurance, and is capped and recovery-oriented.","ja":"貸し手は一般に火災保険を求めます。地震保険は別建てで火災保険に付帯が必要で、上限があり生活再建向けです。"},"sources":["gia-earthquake"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-fire-insurance-mandatory","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is fire insurance mandatory?","ja":"火災保険は必須ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Lenders generally require adequate building cover as a condition of the mortgage.","ja":"貸し手は一般に、住宅ローンの条件として建物に十分な補償を求めます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-fire-earthquake-fire","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Does fire insurance cover earthquake fire?","ja":"火災保険は地震による火災を補償しますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Ordinary fire insurance generally does not; earthquake insurance is needed.","ja":"通常の火災保険は概ね補償しません。地震保険が必要です。"},"sources":["gia-earthquake"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-earthquake-rebuild","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Does earthquake insurance rebuild the entire home?","ja":"地震保険で住まい全体を再建できますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Not necessarily; insured amounts are capped (¥50M building / ¥10M contents) and recovery-oriented.","ja":"必ずしもできません。保険金額は上限(建物5,000万・家財1,000万)があり、生活再建向けです。"},"sources":["gia-earthquake"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-condo-earthquake","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Should a condominium owner buy earthquake insurance?","ja":"マンション所有者は地震保険に入るべき？"},"answer":{"en":"Consider cover for the unit and contents while checking the association’s cover for common elements.","ja":"共用部分の組合の補償を確認しつつ、住戸と家財の補償を検討しましょう。"},"sources":["gia-earthquake"],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-bundle-insurance","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can insurance be bundled with the lender?","ja":"保険は貸し手とセットにできますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Yes, but compare external quotes and commissions where permitted.","ja":"はい。ただし認められる範囲で外部の見積りと手数料を比較しましょう。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-records-keep","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What records should I keep after buying?","ja":"購入後どんな記録を保管すべき？"},"answer":{"en":"Contracts, important-matters statement, invoices, registrations, loan records, renovation evidence, and tax filings.","ja":"契約・重要事項説明・請求書・登記・ローン記録・リフォームの証拠・税の申告です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-good-investment","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is Japanese property a good investment?","ja":"日本の不動産は良い投資ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Some assets are; the country label alone does not determine return — underwrite net cash flow and exit.","ja":"一部の資産はそうです。国という括りだけでリターンは決まりません。純キャッシュフローと出口で採算を見ましょう。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-tokyo-liquid","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Are Tokyo properties always liquid?","ja":"東京の物件は常に流動的ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"No; price, size, tenure, building, and micro-location all matter.","ja":"いいえ。価格・広さ・権利・建物・ミクロの立地がすべて効きます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-regional-yields","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Are regional-city yields better?","ja":"地方都市の利回りは良いですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Gross yields may be higher, often in exchange for vacancy and exit risk.","ja":"粗利回りは高いことがありますが、しばしば空室と出口リスクとの引き換えです。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-gross-yield","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Is a high gross yield attractive?","ja":"高い粗利回りは魅力的ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Only after verifying costs, rent sustainability, legality, and exit — gross yield is not cash flow.","ja":"費用・賃料の持続性・適法性・出口を確認した後にのみ。粗利回りはキャッシュフローではありません。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-residential-for-investment","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Can I use a residential mortgage for investment?","ja":"居住用ローンを投資に使えますか？"},"answer":{"en":"No, unless the lender expressly authorizes the use; misstating occupancy has serious consequences.","ja":"いいえ。貸し手が明示的に認めない限り不可で、居住の偽装は重大な帰結を招きます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-misstate-occupancy","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What happens if I misstate occupancy?","ja":"居住を偽るとどうなりますか？"},"answer":{"en":"Decline, acceleration, fraud concerns, and insurance or tax consequences may follow.","ja":"否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺の懸念・保険や税の帰結が生じ得ます。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-what-apartment-loan","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"What is an apartment-building loan?","ja":"一棟アパートローンとは何ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"Business-purpose finance for a whole rental building.","ja":"賃貸の建物一棟のための事業目的の融資です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]},{"id":"loan-investment-nonrecourse","cluster":"loans","question":{"en":"Are investment loans always nonrecourse?","ja":"投資ローンは常に非遡及ですか？"},"answer":{"en":"No; Japanese loans are commonly recourse unless the documents say otherwise.","ja":"いいえ。日本のローンは書面に別段の定めがない限り通常リコース(遡及)です。"},"sources":[],"personas":[]}],"products":[{"slug":"sony-bank","name":"Sony Bank","reading":"ソニー銀行","provider":"Sony Bank","kind":"service","cluster":"banking","category":{"en":"Online bank","ja":"ネット銀行"},"description":{"en":"An online bank popular with residents who want strong foreign-currency features, a well-regarded app, and comparatively English-friendly service.","ja":"外貨機能に強く、評価の高いアプリと比較的英語に親しみやすいサービスで、居住者に人気のネット銀行。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Multi-currency accounts and a debit card with competitive FX","Well-rated app and online-first experience","No-fee ATM and transfer allowances depending on account tier"],"ja":["マルチカレンシー口座と為替に強いデビットカード","評価の高いアプリとオンライン中心の体験","口座ランクに応じたATM・振込の無料枠"]},"considerations":{"en":["No physical branches for in-person service","Some official documentation is Japanese-first"],"ja":["対面窓口となる店舗はない","一部の公式書類は日本語が中心"]},"fees":{"en":"No monthly account fee; ATM/transfer fees depend on tier — verify current schedule.","ja":"口座維持費は無料。ATM・振込手数料はランクにより異なる（最新の手数料表を要確認）。"},"url":"https://moneykit.net/","sources":["sony-bank"],"verified":false},{"slug":"smbc-prestia","name":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","reading":"プレスティア","provider":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","kind":"service","cluster":"banking","category":{"en":"Bank (English support)","ja":"銀行（英語対応）"},"description":{"en":"The bank most often recommended for English-language service, multi-currency accounts, and international needs, aimed at globally minded residents.","ja":"英語対応・マルチカレンシー口座・国際的なニーズで最も推薦されがちな、国際志向の居住者向けの銀行。"},"englishSupport":"yes","highlights":{"en":["End-to-end English support and documentation","Multi-currency and foreign-remittance features","Branch and phone support in English"],"ja":["英語での一貫したサポートと書類","マルチカレンシー・海外送金の機能","英語での店舗・電話サポート"]},"considerations":{"en":["Fees can be higher; some are waived above balance thresholds","Positioned as a premium/international bank"],"ja":["手数料は高めのことがあり、一部は残高条件で無料化","プレミアム/国際型の位置づけ"]},"fees":{"en":"Account and transfer fees vary; balance-based fee waivers apply — verify current schedule.","ja":"口座・振込手数料は変動し、残高に応じた無料化がある（最新の手数料表を要確認）。"},"url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","sources":["smbc-prestia"],"verified":false},{"slug":"rakuten-bank","name":"Rakuten Bank","reading":"楽天銀行","provider":"Rakuten Bank","kind":"service","cluster":"banking","category":{"en":"Online bank","ja":"ネット銀行"},"description":{"en":"Japan’s large online bank, tightly integrated with the Rakuten ecosystem (card, points, securities) and popular for everyday banking.","ja":"楽天経済圏（カード・ポイント・証券）と密に連携した大手ネット銀行で、日常使いに人気。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Deep Rakuten points and ecosystem integration","Fee waivers and point earning based on account rank","Smooth linking to Rakuten Securities for investing"],"ja":["楽天ポイント・経済圏との深い連携","口座ランクに応じた手数料無料・ポイント付与","楽天証券との連携がスムーズ"]},"considerations":{"en":["English support is partial","Benefits are strongest if you use other Rakuten services"],"ja":["英語対応は一部","他の楽天サービスを使うほど利点が大きい"]},"fees":{"en":"No monthly fee; ATM/transfer fees depend on account rank — verify current schedule.","ja":"口座維持費は無料。ATM・振込手数料は会員ランクにより異なる（最新の手数料表を要確認）。"},"url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","sources":["rakuten-bank"],"verified":false},{"slug":"shinsei-bank","name":"SBI Shinsei Bank","reading":"SBI新生銀行","provider":"SBI Shinsei Bank","kind":"service","cluster":"banking","category":{"en":"Bank","ja":"銀行"},"description":{"en":"A bank historically noted for some English support and foreign-currency services, now part of the SBI group.","ja":"かつて英語対応や外貨サービスで知られ、現在はSBIグループに属する銀行。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Some English online banking and support","Foreign-currency deposits and remittance options","Tiered benefits program"],"ja":["一部英語のネットバンキングとサポート","外貨預金・送金の選択肢","ステージ制の優遇プログラム"]},"considerations":{"en":["Terms and English coverage have changed over time — verify current state","Feature set varies by program tier"],"ja":["条件や英語対応は時期により変化（現状を要確認）","機能はステージにより異なる"]},"fees":{"en":"Fees depend on program tier — verify current schedule.","ja":"手数料はステージにより異なる（最新の手数料表を要確認）。"},"url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/","sources":["shinsei-bank"],"verified":false},{"slug":"japan-post-bank","name":"Japan Post Bank","reading":"ゆうちょ銀行","provider":"Japan Post Bank","kind":"service","cluster":"banking","category":{"en":"Bank (nationwide)","ja":"銀行（全国）"},"description":{"en":"A bank with the widest branch and ATM network in Japan, often accessible for new residents and useful in rural areas.","ja":"日本で最も広い店舗・ATM網を持つ銀行。新規居住者にも開設しやすく、地方でも使いやすい。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Nationwide branches and ATMs, including rural areas","Often accessible for newcomers","Familiar for pension and government-related transfers"],"ja":["地方を含む全国の店舗・ATM","新規居住者でも開設しやすい","年金・公的な振込に馴染みがある"]},"considerations":{"en":["App and digital experience are more traditional","Limited English at many branches"],"ja":["アプリやデジタル体験は従来型","多くの店舗で英語対応は限定的"]},"fees":{"en":"Basic account has no monthly fee; some transfer/ATM fees apply — verify current schedule.","ja":"基本口座は口座維持費無料。一部の振込・ATM手数料あり（最新の手数料表を要確認）。"},"url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/","sources":["yucho"],"verified":false},{"slug":"rakuten-card","name":"Rakuten Card","reading":"楽天カード","provider":"Rakuten Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"No-annual-fee credit card","ja":"年会費無料クレジットカード"},"description":{"en":"A no-annual-fee card that earns Rakuten Points. Eligibility, payment settings, and current reward exclusions should be checked in the issuer disclosures.","ja":"年会費無料で楽天ポイントが貯まるカード。申込条件、支払設定、最新のポイント対象外取引は発行会社の開示を確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee for the standard card","Rakuten Points on eligible spending","Online application subject to issuer screening"],"ja":["通常カードは年会費無料","対象利用で楽天ポイント付与","オンライン申込（発行会社の審査あり）"]},"considerations":{"en":["Watch for revolving-payment (リボ) prompts during signup","Point value is highest inside the Rakuten ecosystem"],"ja":["申込時のリボ払いの案内に注意","ポイント価値は楽天経済圏内で最大"]},"fees":{"en":"No annual fee; interest applies only if you use revolving or installment payments.","ja":"年会費無料。利息はリボ・分割払いを使う場合のみ発生。"},"url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","sources":["rakuten-card"],"verified":false},{"slug":"epos-card","name":"Epos Card","reading":"エポスカード","provider":"Marui (Epos)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"No-annual-fee credit card","ja":"年会費無料クレジットカード"},"description":{"en":"A no-annual-fee Visa card issued by Epos Card, with Epos Points and partner benefits subject to current terms.","ja":"エポスカードが発行する年会費無料のVisaカード。エポスポイントと提携特典は現行条件による。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee for the standard card","Epos Points on eligible spending","Online application; receipt options and timing depend on current issuer procedures"],"ja":["通常カードは年会費無料","対象利用でエポスポイント付与","オンライン申込（受取方法・時期は現行手続による）"]},"considerations":{"en":["Interface and support are Japanese-first","Rewards suit those who use partner merchants"],"ja":["画面やサポートは日本語中心","提携店を使う人に向く特典"]},"fees":{"en":"No annual fee for the base card; interest only on revolving/installment use.","ja":"基本カードは年会費無料。利息はリボ・分割の利用時のみ。"},"url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","sources":["epos-card"],"verified":false},{"slug":"amex-jp","name":"American Express (Japan)","reading":"アメックス","provider":"American Express International","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Annual-fee rewards card","ja":"年会費ありの特典カード"},"description":{"en":"The canonical record represents the American Express Green Card in Japan, with Membership Rewards and conditional benefits documented by the issuer.","ja":"日本のアメリカン・エキスプレス・グリーン・カードを表す正規レコード。メンバーシップ・リワードと条件付き特典は発行会社資料による。"},"englishSupport":"yes","highlights":{"en":["English-language service and application","Travel insurance and airport-lounge access on eligible cards","Transferable membership rewards points"],"ja":["英語でのサービス・申込","対象カードで旅行保険・空港ラウンジ","交換可能なメンバーシップ・リワード"]},"considerations":{"en":["Annual fees can be significant — justify with actual usage","Acceptance is narrower than Visa/Mastercard at small merchants"],"ja":["年会費が高めのことがあり、実利用で見合うか判断","小規模店での受け入れはVisa/Masterより狭い"]},"fees":{"en":"Annual fee varies by card tier — compare against the benefits you will use.","ja":"年会費はカードのランクにより異なる（使う特典と比較を）。"},"url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/","sources":["amex-jp"],"verified":false},{"slug":"smbc-card-numberless","name":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card (NL)","reading":"三井住友カード（NL）","provider":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"No-annual-fee credit card","ja":"年会費無料クレジットカード"},"description":{"en":"Visa/Mastercard card with no annual fee for the standard card and conditional V Point bonuses.","ja":"通常カードが年会費無料で、条件付きVポイント上乗せがあるVisa/Mastercardカード。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee for the standard card","Points on eligible spending","Official online application subject to screening"],"ja":["通常カードは年会費無料","対象利用でポイント付与","公式オンライン申込（審査あり）"]},"considerations":{"en":["Bonus rates require specific conditions","Confirm revolving-payment and foreign-use fees"],"ja":["上乗せ還元には個別条件あり","リボ払い・海外利用の手数料を確認"]},"fees":{"en":"No annual fee for the standard card; other cards and payment services have separate fees.","ja":"通常カードは年会費無料。追加カード・支払サービスには別の手数料条件あり。"},"url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/numberless.jsp","sources":["smbc-nl-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jcb-card-s","name":"JCB Card S","reading":"JCBカード S","provider":"JCB","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"No-annual-fee credit card","ja":"年会費無料クレジットカード"},"description":{"en":"JCB-branded no-annual-fee card with J-POINT rewards and benefits subject to issuer terms.","ja":"年会費無料でJ-POINTが貯まり、特典は発行会社条件によるJCBブランドのカード。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee for the standard card","Points on eligible spending","Official online application subject to screening"],"ja":["通常カードは年会費無料","対象利用でポイント付与","公式オンライン申込（審査あり）"]},"considerations":{"en":["Bonus rates require specific conditions","Confirm revolving-payment and foreign-use fees"],"ja":["上乗せ還元には個別条件あり","リボ払い・海外利用の手数料を確認"]},"fees":{"en":"No annual fee for the standard card; other cards and payment services have separate fees.","ja":"通常カードは年会費無料。追加カード・支払サービスには別の手数料条件あり。"},"url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/os_card_s.html","sources":["jcb-card-s-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"d-card","name":"d Card","reading":"dカード","provider":"NTT DOCOMO","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"No-annual-fee credit card","ja":"年会費無料クレジットカード"},"description":{"en":"No-annual-fee standard card earning d POINT on eligible use, with ecosystem benefits under current terms.","ja":"対象利用でdポイントが貯まる年会費無料の通常カード。経済圏特典は現行条件による。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee for the standard card","Points on eligible spending","Official online application subject to screening"],"ja":["通常カードは年会費無料","対象利用でポイント付与","公式オンライン申込（審査あり）"]},"considerations":{"en":["Bonus rates require specific conditions","Confirm revolving-payment and foreign-use fees"],"ja":["上乗せ還元には個別条件あり","リボ払い・海外利用の手数料を確認"]},"fees":{"en":"No annual fee for the standard card; other cards and payment services have separate fees.","ja":"通常カードは年会費無料。追加カード・支払サービスには別の手数料条件あり。"},"url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/dcard/","sources":["d-card-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"paypay-card","name":"PayPay Card","reading":"PayPayカード","provider":"PayPay Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"No-annual-fee credit card","ja":"年会費無料クレジットカード"},"description":{"en":"No-annual-fee standard card earning PayPay Points on eligible purchases under current program rules.","ja":"現行プログラム規定により対象利用でPayPayポイントが貯まる年会費無料の通常カード。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee for the standard card","Points on eligible spending","Official online application subject to screening"],"ja":["通常カードは年会費無料","対象利用でポイント付与","公式オンライン申込（審査あり）"]},"considerations":{"en":["Bonus rates require specific conditions","Confirm revolving-payment and foreign-use fees"],"ja":["上乗せ還元には個別条件あり","リボ払い・海外利用の手数料を確認"]},"fees":{"en":"No annual fee for the standard card; other cards and payment services have separate fees.","ja":"通常カードは年会費無料。追加カード・支払サービスには別の手数料条件あり。"},"url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/card/","sources":["paypay-card-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"au-pay-card","name":"au PAY Card","reading":"au PAY カード","provider":"au Financial Service","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"No-annual-fee credit card","ja":"年会費無料クレジットカード"},"description":{"en":"No-annual-fee standard card earning Ponta Points, with au PAY linkage subject to charging and service rules.","ja":"Pontaポイントが貯まる年会費無料の通常カード。au PAY連携はチャージ・サービス規定による。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee for the standard card","Points on eligible spending","Official online application subject to screening"],"ja":["通常カードは年会費無料","対象利用でポイント付与","公式オンライン申込（審査あり）"]},"considerations":{"en":["Bonus rates require specific conditions","Confirm revolving-payment and foreign-use fees"],"ja":["上乗せ還元には個別条件あり","リボ払い・海外利用の手数料を確認"]},"fees":{"en":"No annual fee for the standard card; other cards and payment services have separate fees.","ja":"通常カードは年会費無料。追加カード・支払サービスには別の手数料条件あり。"},"url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/function/promotion/","sources":["au-pay-card-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"smbc-card-gold-numberless","name":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Gold (NL)","reading":"三井住友カード ゴールド（NL）","provider":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Fee-waivable gold card","ja":"年会費実質無料化できるゴールドカード"},"description":{"en":"A gold Visa/Mastercard whose ¥5,500 fee becomes permanently free after ¥1,000,000 of qualifying annual spend, which also earns a 10,000-point yearly bonus.","ja":"年間100万円の対象利用で年会費5,500円が永年無料になり、同条件で毎年10,000ポイントのボーナスも得られるゴールドVisa/Mastercard。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Permanent fee waiver after ¥1M qualifying annual spend","10,000-point bonus each year you reach ¥1M","Domestic airport lounges and card insurance"],"ja":["年間100万円の対象利用で年会費が永年無料","100万円達成で毎年10,000ポイント","国内空港ラウンジとカード保険"]},"considerations":{"en":["Below ¥1M spend the fee and 0.5% base are less attractive","Qualifying spend excludes some transactions"],"ja":["利用が100万円未満だと年会費と0.5%の基本還元は魅力が薄い","対象利用の集計には対象外取引がある"]},"fees":{"en":"¥5,500 annual fee, permanently waived after ¥1,000,000 of qualifying annual spend.","ja":"年会費5,500円。年間100万円の対象利用で永年無料。"},"url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/gold_numberless.jsp","sources":["smbc-card-gold-numberless-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"smbc-card-platinum-preferred","name":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Platinum Preferred","reading":"三井住友カード プラチナプリファード","provider":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Points-focused platinum card","ja":"ポイント重視のプラチナカード"},"description":{"en":"A ¥33,000 Visa positioned primarily as a high-return rewards card: about 1% base, elevated rates at preferred merchants and up to 40,000 annual bonus points depending on spend.","ja":"年会費33,000円のVisa。約1%の基本還元、特約店での上乗せ、利用額に応じ最大40,000ポイントの年間ボーナスなど、還元重視のプラチナ。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["About 1% base return with preferred-merchant bonuses","Annual bonus points up to 40,000 by spend tier","Concierge, lounges and travel insurance"],"ja":["約1%の基本還元と特約店での上乗せ","利用額に応じ最大40,000ポイントの年間ボーナス","コンシェルジュ・ラウンジ・旅行保険"]},"considerations":{"en":["Weighted to points, not unlimited luxury lounge/hotel status","The fee needs substantial annual spend to justify"],"ja":["無制限ラウンジやホテルステータス型ではなく還元重視","相応の年間利用がないと年会費に見合いにくい"]},"fees":{"en":"¥33,000 annual fee; value depends on directing high annual spend to the card.","ja":"年会費33,000円。多額の年間利用を集約できるかで価値が決まる。"},"url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/platinum_preferred.jsp","sources":["smbc-card-platinum-preferred-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"olive-flexible-pay-gold","name":"Olive Flexible Pay Gold","reading":"Olive フレキシブルペイ ゴールド","provider":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"All-in-one bank + card gold","ja":"銀行一体型ゴールド"},"description":{"en":"An SMBC platform that combines credit, debit and point-payment modes with a bank account on a single Visa; the gold tier mirrors Gold (NL) economics — ¥5,500 waived permanently after ¥1M annual spend.","ja":"クレジット・デビット・ポイント払いと銀行口座を1枚のVisaに統合するSMBCのプラットフォーム。ゴールドは年間100万円利用で5,500円が永年無料になるなどゴールド（NL）に準じる。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Credit, debit and point-payment in one Visa","Permanent fee waiver and 10,000-point bonus at ¥1M","Integrated with an SMBC bank account"],"ja":["クレジット・デビット・ポイント払いを1枚に","100万円で永年無料と10,000ポイント","SMBC銀行口座と一体"]},"considerations":{"en":["Best for customers making SMBC their main bank","Credit mode has stricter age and review rules"],"ja":["SMBCをメイン銀行にする人向き","クレジットモードは年齢・審査条件が厳しめ"]},"fees":{"en":"¥5,500 gold fee, permanently waived after ¥1,000,000 of qualifying annual spend in credit mode.","ja":"ゴールドの年会費5,500円。クレジットモードで年間100万円の対象利用により永年無料。"},"url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/","sources":["olive-flexible-pay-gold-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"amazon-mastercard","name":"Amazon Mastercard","reading":"Amazon Mastercard","provider":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"No-annual-fee co-brand card","ja":"年会費無料の提携カード"},"description":{"en":"A no-fee Mastercard issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card that earns 2% for Amazon Prime members on Amazon and 1.5% at major convenience stores, with an unusually low overseas fee.","ja":"三井住友カード発行の年会費無料Mastercard。プライム会員はAmazonで2%、主要コンビニで1.5%が貯まり、海外手数料も低め。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["2% on Amazon for Prime members, 1.5% at major convenience stores","No annual fee","Lower overseas processing charge than typical SMBC Mastercard"],"ja":["プライム会員はAmazon2%・主要コンビニ1.5%","年会費無料","一般的なSMBC Mastercardより低い海外手数料"]},"considerations":{"en":["Outside Amazon and bonus categories it is a standard ~1% card","Amazon campaign amounts can be account-specific"],"ja":["Amazon・対象カテゴリー外は概ね1%の一般カード","Amazonのキャンペーン額はアカウント別のことがある"]},"fees":{"en":"No annual fee; interest applies only if you use revolving or instalment payments.","ja":"年会費無料。利息はリボ・分割払いを使う場合のみ。"},"url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/amazon.jsp","sources":["amazon-mastercard-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jcb-card-w","name":"JCB Card W","reading":"JCBカード W","provider":"JCB","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"No-annual-fee card for ages 18–39","ja":"18〜39歳向け年会費無料カード"},"description":{"en":"A permanently no-fee JCB with enhanced base rewards, open to applicants aged 18–39; the fee stays free after the cardholder turns 40. JCB’s overseas processing charge is comparatively low.","ja":"18〜39歳が申込める永年無料のJCB。基本還元が優遇され、40歳以降も無料が続く。JCBの海外手数料は比較的低め。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Permanently no annual fee (apply at 18–39)","Enhanced JCB base rewards vs ordinary JCB cards","Comparatively low ~1.60% overseas processing charge"],"ja":["年会費永年無料（申込は18〜39歳）","一般のJCBより優遇された基本還元","約1.60%と比較的低い海外手数料"]},"considerations":{"en":["New applications limited to ages 18–39","JCB acceptance can be narrower than Visa/Mastercard abroad"],"ja":["新規申込は18〜39歳に限定","海外ではJCBの利用可能店がVisa/Masterより狭いことがある"]},"fees":{"en":"No annual fee; interest applies only on revolving/instalment use.","ja":"年会費無料。利息はリボ・分割の利用時のみ。"},"url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcb_w.html","sources":["jcb-card-w-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jcb-gold","name":"JCB Gold","reading":"JCBゴールド","provider":"JCB","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Mainstream domestic gold card","ja":"国内標準のゴールドカード"},"description":{"en":"A conventional ¥11,000 gold JCB (first year free for qualifying new online applicants) with domestic airport lounges, insurance and lifestyle discounts; paid LoungeKey access is separate from a full Priority Pass package.","ja":"年会費11,000円の標準的なゴールドJCB（対象のWEB新規は初年度無料）。国内空港ラウンジ・保険・優待を備える。有料のLoungeKeyは完全なPriority Passとは別物。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Domestic airport lounges and travel insurance","First year free for qualifying new online applications","Club Off-style lifestyle discounts"],"ja":["国内空港ラウンジと旅行保険","対象のWEB新規は初年度無料","Club Off系のライフスタイル優待"]},"considerations":{"en":["Modest ~0.5% base reward","Paid LoungeKey is not a full complimentary Priority Pass"],"ja":["約0.5%と控えめな基本還元","有料LoungeKeyは無料のPriority Passではない"]},"fees":{"en":"¥11,000 annual fee; first year can be free for qualifying new online applications.","ja":"年会費11,000円。対象のWEB新規は初年度無料。"},"url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/gold.html","sources":["jcb-gold-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jcb-platinum","name":"JCB Platinum","reading":"JCBプラチナ","provider":"JCB","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Value-oriented concierge platinum","ja":"コスパ重視のコンシェルジュ型プラチナ"},"description":{"en":"At ¥27,500 one of Japan’s strongest price-to-service platinums, bundling Priority Pass, a 24-hour concierge, the Gourmet Benefit dining offer and travel insurance.","ja":"年会費27,500円で、Priority Pass・24時間コンシェルジュ・グルメ・ベネフィット・旅行保険を備える、価格対サービスに優れた国内屈指のプラチナ。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Priority Pass and 24-hour concierge","Gourmet Benefit dining (1 of 2 diners free on set courses)","Comprehensive travel insurance"],"ja":["Priority Passと24時間コンシェルジュ","グルメ・ベネフィット（対象コースが2名以上で1名無料）","手厚い旅行保険"]},"considerations":{"en":["Modest ordinary reward rate","JCB acceptance is less universal overseas"],"ja":["通常還元率は控えめ","海外ではJCBの利用可能店が限られる"]},"fees":{"en":"¥27,500 annual fee; value comes from concierge, dining and lounge use rather than points.","ja":"年会費27,500円。価値はポイントよりコンシェルジュ・ダイニング・ラウンジ利用による。"},"url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/platinum.html","sources":["jcb-platinum-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"rakuten-gold-card","name":"Rakuten Gold Card","reading":"楽天ゴールドカード","provider":"Rakuten Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Low-cost ecosystem gold card","ja":"低コストの経済圏ゴールド"},"description":{"en":"A ¥2,200 gold Rakuten card in an awkward middle tier: low fee and 1% base, but limited lounge and ecosystem advantages over the free Rakuten Card.","ja":"年会費2,200円の楽天ゴールド。低コストで1%だが、無料の楽天カードに対するラウンジ・経済圏の上積みは限定的。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["1% base Rakuten Points","Limited domestic-lounge usage","Low ¥2,200 fee"],"ja":["基本1%の楽天ポイント","国内ラウンジの限定利用","2,200円の低い年会費"]},"considerations":{"en":["Advantages over the free card are narrow","Often the free Rakuten Card is more efficient"],"ja":["無料カードに対する優位は小さい","多くの場合、無料の楽天カードが効率的"]},"fees":{"en":"¥2,200 annual fee; benefits over the free card are limited.","ja":"年会費2,200円。無料カードに対する上積みは限定的。"},"url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-gold-card/","sources":["rakuten-gold-card-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"rakuten-premium-card","name":"Rakuten Premium Card","reading":"楽天プレミアムカード","provider":"Rakuten Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Rakuten card with travel features","ja":"旅行特典付きの楽天カード"},"description":{"en":"An ¥11,000 Rakuten card with a 1% base, published limit up to ¥3,000,000 and Priority Pass — whose value must be judged under current visit limits rather than older unlimited-use assumptions.","ja":"年会費11,000円で1%、限度額最大300万円、Priority Pass付帯の楽天カード。Priority Passは現行の利用回数条件で評価する必要がある。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Priority Pass under current visit rules","1% base with Rakuten Market bonuses","Published limit up to ¥3,000,000"],"ja":["現行の回数条件でのPriority Pass","基本1%と楽天市場の上乗せ","限度額は最大300万円"]},"considerations":{"en":["Priority Pass visits are now capped, not unlimited","Carrying a revolving balance overwhelms rewards"],"ja":["Priority Passは無制限ではなく回数制","リボ残高を持つと還元を上回る負担"]},"fees":{"en":"¥11,000 annual fee; judge Priority Pass value under current visit limits.","ja":"年会費11,000円。Priority Passは現行の回数条件で価値を判断。"},"url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/premium-card/","sources":["rakuten-premium-card-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"rakuten-black-card","name":"Rakuten Black Card","reading":"楽天ブラックカード","provider":"Rakuten Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Rakuten top-tier premium card","ja":"楽天最上位のプレミアムカード"},"description":{"en":"An access-gated ¥33,000 Rakuten premium card with travel, dining, concierge-style and family-card benefits, aimed at very heavy Rakuten spenders.","ja":"年会費33,000円で、旅行・ダイニング・コンシェルジュ的サービス・家族カードを備える招待型の楽天プレミアム。楽天を非常に多く使う人向け。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Premium travel, dining and concierge-style benefits","Multiple family cards","Priority Pass under current terms"],"ja":["プレミアムな旅行・ダイニング・コンシェルジュ的特典","複数の家族カード","現行条件でのPriority Pass"]},"considerations":{"en":["Access is gated by Premium tenure and high spend","Meeting the access condition does not guarantee issuance"],"ja":["プレミアム保有期間と高額利用が取得条件","取得条件を満たしても発行は保証されない"]},"fees":{"en":"¥33,000 annual fee; access is gated and issuance is not guaranteed.","ja":"年会費33,000円。取得は条件付きで発行は保証されない。"},"url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/black-card/","sources":["rakuten-black-card-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"amex-gold-preferred","name":"American Express Gold Preferred","reading":"アメックス・ゴールド・プリファード","provider":"American Express International","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Dining and travel rewards card","ja":"ダイニング・旅行特典カード"},"description":{"en":"A ¥39,600 Membership Rewards card with two free family cards, dining and hotel credits, insurance and lounge access, and large but conditional welcome offers.","ja":"年会費39,600円で、家族カード2枚無料、ダイニング・ホテルのクレジット、保険、ラウンジを備えるメンバーシップ・リワードのカード。入会特典は大きいが条件付き。"},"englishSupport":"yes","highlights":{"en":["Two free family cards","Dining and hotel credits with insurance","Membership Rewards points, transferable to partners"],"ja":["家族カード2枚無料","ダイニング・ホテルのクレジットと保険","提携先へ移行可能なメンバーシップ・リワード"]},"considerations":{"en":["High ongoing fee; separate welcome from long-term value","Some benefits require thresholds or advance booking"],"ja":["継続費用が高く、入会特典と長期価値は分けて評価","一部特典は利用条件や事前予約を要する"]},"fees":{"en":"¥39,600 annual fee including two free family cards; interest via PayFlex applies only if used.","ja":"年会費39,600円（家族カード2枚無料）。利息はPayFlex利用時のみ。"},"url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/gold-preferred-card/","sources":["amex-gold-preferred-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"amex-platinum","name":"American Express Platinum","reading":"アメックス・プラチナ","provider":"American Express International","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Luxury travel and family-card platinum","ja":"ラグジュアリー旅行・家族カード型プラチナ"},"description":{"en":"A ¥165,000 platinum with up to four free family cards, the Global Lounge Collection, hotel status, concierge, dining benefits and an ongoing ¥100,000 airline credit.","ja":"年会費165,000円で、家族カード最大4枚無料、グローバル・ラウンジ・コレクション、ホテルステータス、コンシェルジュ、ダイニング特典、年間10万円の航空クレジットを備えるプラチナ。"},"englishSupport":"yes","highlights":{"en":["Global Lounge Collection incl. Centurion Lounges","Hotel status, concierge and dining benefits","Up to four free family cards + ¥100,000 airline credit"],"ja":["センチュリオン等のグローバル・ラウンジ","ホテルステータス・コンシェルジュ・ダイニング","家族カード最大4枚無料＋年間10万円の航空クレジット"]},"considerations":{"en":["The airline credit is not cash and not a sign-up bonus","Justified only when premium travel services are used"],"ja":["航空クレジットは現金でも入会特典でもない","プレミアム旅行サービスを使う場合のみ見合う"]},"fees":{"en":"¥165,000 annual fee including up to four free family cards; strongest for households using premium travel.","ja":"年会費165,000円（家族カード最大4枚無料）。プレミアム旅行を使う世帯に最適。"},"url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/platinum-card/","sources":["amex-platinum-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"epos-gold-card","name":"Epos Gold Card","reading":"エポスゴールドカード","provider":"Marui (Epos)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Optimizable fee-waivable gold","ja":"最適化しやすい実質無料ゴールド"},"description":{"en":"A ¥5,000 gold Visa that becomes permanently free by invitation, family-gold referral or ¥500,000 of qualifying annual spend — one of Japan’s most optimizable cards through selected-shop bonuses and annual awards.","ja":"年会費5,000円で、招待・家族ゴールド紹介・年間50万円の対象利用のいずれかで永年無料になるゴールドVisa。選べるショップの上乗せや年間ボーナスで最適化しやすい。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Permanent waiver at just ¥500,000 annual spend","Selected-shop bonuses (choose 3 categories)","Annual-spend point awards and domestic lounges"],"ja":["年間50万円で永年無料","選べる3ショップの上乗せ","年間利用ボーナスと国内ラウンジ"]},"considerations":{"en":["Optimizing requires directing spend to selected categories","Some transactions are excluded from qualifying spend"],"ja":["選んだカテゴリーへ支出を寄せる最適化が必要","一部取引は対象利用の集計から除外"]},"fees":{"en":"¥5,000 annual fee, permanently waived by invitation or after ¥500,000 of qualifying annual spend.","ja":"年会費5,000円。招待または年間50万円の対象利用で永年無料。"},"url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/goldcard/index.html","sources":["epos-gold-card-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"epos-platinum-card","name":"Epos Platinum Card","reading":"エポスプラチナカード","provider":"Marui (Epos)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Annual-bonus-optimized platinum","ja":"年間ボーナス最適化型プラチナ"},"description":{"en":"A Visa platinum: ¥30,000 for direct applicants or ¥20,000 by invitation, with Priority Pass, concierge and annual bonus points starting at 20,000 for ¥1,000,000 of spend.","ja":"年会費は直接申込30,000円・招待20,000円のVisaプラチナ。Priority Pass・コンシェルジュに加え、年間100万円で20,000ポイントから始まる年間ボーナス。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Priority Pass and concierge","Annual bonus from 20,000 points at ¥1M","Fee can fall to ¥20,000 for invited/high spenders"],"ja":["Priority Passとコンシェルジュ","100万円で20,000ポイントからの年間ボーナス","招待・高額利用で20,000円に"]},"considerations":{"en":["Best when annual bonuses offset the fee","The annual-bonus program was revised; re-check current terms"],"ja":["年間ボーナスが会費を相殺できる場合に有利","年間ボーナスは改定済み。現行条件を要確認"]},"fees":{"en":"¥30,000 direct or ¥20,000 invited; value depends on annual bonus points.","ja":"直接30,000円・招待20,000円。価値は年間ボーナス次第。"},"url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/platinumcard/index.html","sources":["epos-platinum-card-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"saison-card-digital","name":"Saison Card Digital","reading":"セゾンカードデジタル","provider":"Credit Saison","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Instant-issue digital card","ja":"即時発行のデジタルカード"},"description":{"en":"A no-annual-fee numberless card with digital details in as little as five minutes and non-expiring Permanent Points; a ¥1,650 service charge applies only after a full measurement period with no use.","ja":"年会費無料でナンバーレス、最短5分で番号発行、永久不滅ポイントが貯まるカード。全く利用がない期間が続いた場合のみ1,650円のサービス料が発生。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Digital details in as little as five minutes","Permanent Points that do not expire in normal use","Numberless physical card, multiple networks"],"ja":["最短5分でデジタル発行","通常利用で失効しない永久不滅ポイント","ナンバーレス実物カードと複数ブランド"]},"considerations":{"en":["¥1,650 charge if fully dormant for the measurement period","Base rate is a modest ~0.5%"],"ja":["対象期間に全く利用がないと1,650円","基本還元は約0.5%と控えめ"]},"fees":{"en":"No annual fee; a ¥1,650 charge applies only if there is no use across a full annual measurement period.","ja":"年会費無料。対象年度に全く利用がない場合のみ1,650円。"},"url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/kohyo/creditcard/digital/","sources":["saison-card-digital-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"saison-gold-premium","name":"Saison Gold Premium","reading":"セゾンゴールド・プレミアム","provider":"Credit Saison","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Lifestyle-category gold card","ja":"ライフスタイル特化のゴールド"},"description":{"en":"An ¥11,000 gold card, free the following year after ¥1,000,000 of annual spend, with elevated (capped) rewards on movies, convenience stores and cafés.","ja":"年会費11,000円で、年間100万円利用の翌年は無料になるゴールド。映画・コンビニ・カフェで上限付きの高還元。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Next year free after ¥1M annual spend","Elevated movie, convenience-store and café rewards","Permanent Points and lounge benefits"],"ja":["年間100万円で翌年無料","映画・コンビニ・カフェで高還元","永久不滅ポイントとラウンジ特典"]},"considerations":{"en":["Category caps limit the advertised maximum rate","Model category caps before relying on the headline"],"ja":["カテゴリー上限が最大還元を制限","上限を試算してから期待値を判断"]},"fees":{"en":"¥11,000 annual fee, free the following year after ¥1,000,000 of qualifying annual spend.","ja":"年会費11,000円。年間100万円の対象利用で翌年無料。"},"url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/kohyo/creditcard/goldpremium/","sources":["saison-gold-premium-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"saison-platinum-amex","name":"Saison Platinum American Express","reading":"セゾンプラチナ・アメックス","provider":"Credit Saison","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Mid-priced travel platinum","ja":"中価格帯の旅行プラチナ"},"description":{"en":"A ¥33,000 American Express platinum with Priority Pass, concierge, travel and dining services and mileage-conversion options.","ja":"年会費33,000円で、Priority Pass・コンシェルジュ・旅行・ダイニング・マイル移行を備えるアメックス・プラチナ。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Priority Pass and concierge","Mileage-conversion options (e.g. JAL)","Mid-price platinum positioning"],"ja":["Priority Passとコンシェルジュ","マイル移行（JAL等）","中価格帯のプラチナ"]},"considerations":{"en":["American Express acceptance is narrower than Visa/Mastercard","Mileage value varies by conversion choice"],"ja":["Amexの利用可能店はVisa/Masterより狭い","マイル価値は移行先で変動"]},"fees":{"en":"¥33,000 annual fee; strong mid-price travel card with mileage options.","ja":"年会費33,000円。マイル移行に対応した中価格帯の旅行カード。"},"url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/kohyo/creditcard/platinumamex/","sources":["saison-platinum-amex-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"d-card-gold","name":"d Card GOLD","reading":"dカード GOLD","provider":"NTT DOCOMO","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Docomo household gold card","ja":"ドコモ世帯向けゴールド"},"description":{"en":"An ¥11,000 gold card whose value centers on 10% d POINT on eligible docomo/ahamo charges, plus annual-spend benefits, lounges and enhanced phone protection.","ja":"年会費11,000円で、対象のドコモ/ahamo利用料金10%還元を軸に、年間利用特典・ラウンジ・手厚いケータイ補償を備えるゴールド。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["10% d POINT on eligible docomo charges","Annual-spend benefit coupon and lounges","Enhanced mobile-phone protection"],"ja":["対象ドコモ利用料金の10%還元","年間利用特典クーポンとラウンジ","手厚いケータイ補償"]},"considerations":{"en":["The 10% excludes parts of a mobile bill","It is a household-bill card, not a blanket 10% card"],"ja":["10%は料金の一部が対象外","料金最適化カードであり全方位10%ではない"]},"fees":{"en":"¥11,000 annual fee; justified mainly by 10% on eligible docomo charges.","ja":"年会費11,000円。主に対象ドコモ料金10%で見合う。"},"url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/gold/","sources":["d-card-gold-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"d-card-platinum","name":"d Card PLATINUM","reading":"dカード PLATINUM","provider":"NTT DOCOMO","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Heavy-Docomo platinum card","ja":"ドコモ大量利用向けプラチナ"},"description":{"en":"A ¥29,700 platinum that can earn up to 20% on eligible docomo charges (rate depends on prior monthly shopping), premium lounges and up to ¥200,000 mobile-phone protection.","ja":"年会費29,700円で、対象ドコモ料金を最大20%還元（前月の買物額で率が変動）、上位ラウンジ、最大20万円のケータイ補償を備えるプラチナ。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Up to 20% on eligible docomo charges","Premium lounges","Up to ¥200,000 mobile-phone protection"],"ja":["対象ドコモ料金を最大20%還元","上位のラウンジ特典","最大20万円のケータイ補償"]},"considerations":{"en":["The 20% tier needs high monthly card spend","Hard to justify without heavy docomo and card use"],"ja":["20%は高額な月間利用が前提","ドコモと利用が多くないと会費に見合いにくい"]},"fees":{"en":"¥29,700 annual fee; the earn rate on docomo charges depends on prior monthly spend.","ja":"年会費29,700円。ドコモ料金の還元率は前月の利用額で変動。"},"url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/platinum/","sources":["d-card-platinum-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"au-pay-gold-card","name":"au PAY Gold Card","reading":"au PAY ゴールドカード","provider":"au Financial Service","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"au/UQ household gold card","ja":"au/UQ世帯向けゴールド"},"description":{"en":"An ¥11,000 gold card delivering up to 10% on eligible au/UQ mobile charges and up to a combined 5.5% through eligible au PAY funding and payment, plus lounges; ordinary outside spend stays around 1%.","ja":"年会費11,000円で、対象のau/UQ利用料金を最大10%、au PAYのチャージ・支払で合計最大5.5%を還元し、ラウンジも付帯するゴールド。経済圏外の一般利用は約1%。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Up to 10% on eligible au/UQ mobile charges","Up to 5.5% via eligible au PAY funding + payment","Airport lounges and insurance"],"ja":["対象のau/UQ料金を最大10%","au PAYのチャージ＋支払で最大5.5%","空港ラウンジと保険"]},"considerations":{"en":["Headline rates require ecosystem conditions and caps","Ordinary outside spend is around 1%"],"ja":["高還元は経済圏の条件・上限が前提","経済圏外の一般利用は約1%"]},"fees":{"en":"¥11,000 annual fee; highly competitive inside the au ecosystem.","ja":"年会費11,000円。au経済圏内で高い競争力。"},"url":"https://www.au.com/payment/credit-card/gold/","sources":["au-pay-gold-card-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"paypay-card-gold","name":"PayPay Card Gold","reading":"PayPayカード ゴールド","provider":"PayPay Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"PayPay ecosystem gold card","ja":"PayPay経済圏のゴールド"},"description":{"en":"An ¥11,000 gold card that, from June 2, 2026, awards 11,000 annual PayPay Points after ¥1,000,000 of qualifying spend — offsetting the fee at that threshold — plus LYP Premium, lounges and free ETC.","ja":"年会費11,000円で、2026年6月2日以降は年間100万円の対象利用で11,000ポイントを付与し同額で会費を相殺、加えてLYPプレミアム・ラウンジ・ETC無料を備えるゴールド。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["11,000 annual points after ¥1M offsets the fee","LYP Premium and airport lounges","Free ETC card"],"ja":["年間100万円で11,000ポイント（会費相殺）","LYPプレミアムと空港ラウンジ","ETCカード無料"]},"considerations":{"en":["Missing the ¥1M threshold sharply reduces value","Spending exclusions and the membership year matter"],"ja":["100万円未達で価値が大きく低下","対象外や年度の区切りに注意"]},"fees":{"en":"¥11,000 annual fee, effectively offset by 11,000 points at exactly ¥1,000,000 of qualifying annual spend.","ja":"年会費11,000円。年間100万円の対象利用時に11,000ポイントで実質相殺。"},"url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/gold/","sources":["paypay-card-gold-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"aeon-card-select","name":"AEON Card Select","reading":"イオンカードセレクト","provider":"AEON Financial Service","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"AEON shopping + banking card","ja":"イオンの買物・銀行一体カード"},"description":{"en":"A no-fee card that combines an AEON credit card, WAON e-money and an AEON Bank account, with Customer Appreciation Day discounts and WAON auto-charge.","ja":"年会費無料で、イオンのクレジット・WAON電子マネー・イオン銀行口座を1枚に。お客さま感謝デーの割引やWAONオートチャージに対応。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["0.5% generally, 1% at eligible AEON group merchants","5% discount on Customer Appreciation Day","WAON auto-charge and AEON Bank benefits"],"ja":["通常0.5%、対象イオングループで1%","お客さま感謝デーは5%割引","WAONオートチャージとイオン銀行特典"]},"considerations":{"en":["Strongest for planned AEON shopping","Base rate is modest outside AEON"],"ja":["計画的なイオン利用で最も有利","イオン外の基本還元は控えめ"]},"fees":{"en":"No annual fee; strongest for regular AEON shoppers.","ja":"年会費無料。イオンをよく使う人に最適。"},"url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/aeoncardselect/","sources":["aeon-card-select-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"aeon-gold-card","name":"AEON Gold Card","reading":"イオンゴールドカード","provider":"AEON Financial Service","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Free invitation-based gold card","ja":"招待制の年会費無料ゴールド"},"description":{"en":"A gold card that is free once issued, adding domestic airport lounges and travel insurance; it is generally an invitation or upgrade product for existing heavy AEON customers.","ja":"発行後は年会費無料で、国内空港ラウンジと旅行保険が付くゴールド。基本は既存のイオン優良顧客向けの招待・アップグレード商品。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee once issued","Domestic airport lounges and travel insurance","Free enhancement for heavy AEON customers"],"ja":["発行後は年会費無料","国内空港ラウンジと旅行保険","イオン優良顧客への無料アップグレード"]},"considerations":{"en":["Invitation/upgrade only, not open to all applicants","Value depends on being an existing AEON user"],"ja":["招待・アップグレード制で誰でも申込めない","既存イオン利用者であることが前提"]},"fees":{"en":"No annual fee once issued; typically an invitation or upgrade product.","ja":"発行後は年会費無料。基本は招待・アップグレード商品。"},"url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/goldcard/","sources":["aeon-gold-card-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"orico-card-the-point","name":"Orico Card THE POINT","reading":"オリコカード・ザ・ポイント","provider":"Orient Corporation","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Straightforward 1% no-fee card","ja":"シンプルな1%の年会費無料カード"},"description":{"en":"One of the cleanest no-fee reward cards: 1 Orico Point per ¥100, doubled to 2% for the first six months up to ¥500,000 of qualifying spend, with Orico Mall uplifts and broad conversion options.","ja":"年会費無料で100円につき1オリコポイント、入会後6か月は50万円まで2%になるシンプルな高還元カード。オリコモールの上乗せや多彩な交換に対応。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["1% base, 2% for the first six months","Orico Mall bonuses","Convert to Amazon balance, miles and partners"],"ja":["基本1%、入会後6か月は2%","オリコモールの上乗せ","Amazon残高・マイル・提携先へ交換"]},"considerations":{"en":["Points need active conversion management","Points have program expiration rules"],"ja":["ポイントは能動的な交換管理が必要","ポイントには有効期限規定がある"]},"fees":{"en":"No annual fee; 1% base with a 2% introductory period (six months, up to ¥500,000).","ja":"年会費無料。基本1%、入会後6か月・50万円まで2%。"},"url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/the-point/","sources":["orico-card-the-point-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"orico-the-point-premium-gold","name":"Orico Card THE POINT PREMIUM GOLD","reading":"オリコカード・ザ・ポイント プレミアムゴールド","provider":"Orient Corporation","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Low-fee electronic-money gold","ja":"低コストの電子マネー系ゴールド"},"description":{"en":"For ¥1,986 it keeps the 1% base and six-month 2% offer while adding 1% at Orico Mall and 0.5% on eligible iD/QUICPay use; among the least expensive cards branded “Gold.”","ja":"年会費1,986円で、基本1%と6か月2%を維持しつつ、オリコモール+1%・対象のiD/QUICPay+0.5%を加える、最も安いゴールドのひとつ。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["1% base plus six-month 2% offer","1% Orico Mall, 0.5% on iD/QUICPay","Very low ¥1,986 gold fee"],"ja":["基本1%＋6か月2%","オリコモール1%・iD/QUICPay0.5%","1,986円と非常に安いゴールド"]},"considerations":{"en":["Does not match ¥11k–¥30k premium lounge/insurance","Points still need conversion management"],"ja":["11,000〜30,000円級のラウンジ・保険には及ばない","ポイントは交換管理が必要"]},"fees":{"en":"¥1,986 annual fee; one of the least expensive Gold cards.","ja":"年会費1,986円。最も安いゴールドのひとつ。"},"url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/the-point-premium-gold/","sources":["orico-the-point-premium-gold-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"mitsubishi-ufj-card","name":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card","reading":"三菱UFJカード","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"No-fee bank-group card","ja":"銀行系の年会費無料カード"},"description":{"en":"A no-fee card earning about 0.5% base that can reach up to 20% at selected stores when MUFG bank-account, app and merchant conditions align; strongest for MUFG-group customers.","ja":"年会費無料で基本約0.5%。MUFG銀行口座・アプリ・対象店の条件が揃うと対象店で最大20%になる。MUFGグループ利用者に最適。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Up to 20% at selected stores under multiple conditions","MUFG bank and group integration"],"ja":["年会費無料","複数条件達成で対象店最大20%","MUFG銀行・グループ連携"]},"considerations":{"en":["Base rate is only ~0.5%","The 20% figure requires several stacked conditions"],"ja":["基本還元は約0.5%","20%は複数条件の積み上げが前提"]},"fees":{"en":"No annual fee; best for MUFG account and selected-store users.","ja":"年会費無料。MUFG口座・対象店利用者に最適。"},"url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/","sources":["mitsubishi-ufj-card-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige","name":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card Gold Prestige","reading":"三菱UFJカード ゴールドプレステージ","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"MUFG-ecosystem gold card","ja":"MUFG経済圏のゴールド"},"description":{"en":"An ¥11,000 gold card (first year free for eligible web applications) with domestic airport lounges, insurance, securities-investment rewards and MUFG selected-store bonuses.","ja":"年会費11,000円（対象のWEB申込は初年度無料）で、国内空港ラウンジ・保険・証券投資特典・MUFG対象店ボーナスを備えるゴールド。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Domestic airport lounges and insurance","First year free for eligible web applications","MUFG securities and selected-store rewards"],"ja":["国内空港ラウンジと保険","対象のWEB申込は初年度無料","MUFG証券・対象店の特典"]},"considerations":{"en":["Value depends on using MUFG Bank and group services","Otherwise a fee-waivable SMBC/Epos gold may be cheaper"],"ja":["MUFG銀行・グループ利用が前提","そうでなければ実質無料のSMBC/Eposゴールドが安いことも"]},"fees":{"en":"¥11,000 annual fee; first year free for eligible web applications.","ja":"年会費11,000円。対象のWEB申込は初年度無料。"},"url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/lineup/goldprestige/","sources":["mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex","name":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card Platinum American Express","reading":"三菱UFJカード プラチナ・アメックス","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Low-fee full-service platinum","ja":"低価格のフルサービス型プラチナ"},"description":{"en":"At ¥22,000 with one free family card, among Japan’s lowest-cost cards offering a conventional platinum mix of Priority Pass, concierge, dining benefit and insurance.","ja":"年会費22,000円・家族カード1枚無料で、Priority Pass・コンシェルジュ・グルメ特典・保険という定番のプラチナを国内最安級で備える。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Priority Pass and 24-hour concierge","Dining benefit and comprehensive insurance","One free family card"],"ja":["Priority Passと24時間コンシェルジュ","グルメ特典と手厚い保険","家族カード1枚無料"]},"considerations":{"en":["Low ordinary reward rate","American Express acceptance is narrower"],"ja":["通常還元率は低め","Amexの利用可能店は狭め"]},"fees":{"en":"¥22,000 annual fee including one free family card; a service-value platinum, not a points card.","ja":"年会費22,000円（家族カード1枚無料）。還元より特典重視のプラチナ。"},"url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/lineup/platinum_amex/","sources":["mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"view-card-standard","name":"View Card","reading":"ビューカード","provider":"Viewcard (JR East)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"JR East / Suica commuter card","ja":"JR東日本・Suica通勤カード"},"description":{"en":"A ¥524 card whose value comes from Mobile Suica, JR East ticketing and JRE POINT multipliers rather than ordinary 0.5% spending; a specialist commuter card.","ja":"年会費524円で、価値は通常の0.5%利用よりモバイルSuica・JR東日本のきっぷ・JRE POINTの上乗せにある通勤特化カード。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["JRE POINT on Mobile Suica charge and JR East travel","Suica commuter-pass and ticketing integration","Low ¥524 fee"],"ja":["モバイルSuicaチャージ・JR東日本利用でJRE POINT","Suica定期・きっぷと一体","524円の低い年会費"]},"considerations":{"en":["Limited value outside JR East territory","Ordinary shopping rate is only ~0.5%"],"ja":["JR東日本エリア外では価値が限定的","通常の買物還元は約0.5%"]},"fees":{"en":"¥524 annual fee; a specialist Suica/JR East commuter card.","ja":"年会費524円。Suica/JR東日本の通勤特化カード。"},"url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","sources":["view-card-standard-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jre-card","name":"JRE CARD","reading":"JRE CARD","provider":"Viewcard (JR East)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Station-building shopping card","ja":"駅ビルショッピングカード"},"description":{"en":"A View card, first year free then ¥524, returning up to 3.5% at eligible JRE Card preferred station-building stores while also benefiting Suica and JR East use.","ja":"初年度無料・以降524円のビューカード。対象のJRE CARD優待店（駅ビル）で最大3.5%、Suica・JR東日本利用でも有利。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Up to 3.5% at eligible station-building stores","Suica and JR East travel benefits","First year free"],"ja":["対象の駅ビル優待店で最大3.5%","Suica・JR東日本の特典","初年度無料"]},"considerations":{"en":["Geographic and merchant concentration","Terms were scheduled to change from Sep 1, 2026"],"ja":["対象は地域・加盟店が限定的","2026年9月1日から条件変更予定"]},"fees":{"en":"First year free, then ¥524; up to 3.5% at eligible station-building stores.","ja":"初年度無料・以降524円。対象駅ビルで最大3.5%。"},"url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/jrecard/","sources":["jre-card-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"view-gold-plus-card","name":"View Gold Plus Card","reading":"ビューゴールドプラスカード","provider":"Viewcard (JR East)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Premium JR East travel gold","ja":"JR東日本の上位トラベルゴールド"},"description":{"en":"An ¥11,000 gold View card adding JR East travel bonuses (e.g. Shinkansen), airport lounges, insurance and annual-spend benefits; strong for frequent JR East and Shinkansen travel.","ja":"年会費11,000円で、JR東日本の旅行ボーナス（新幹線等）・空港ラウンジ・保険・年間利用特典を加えるゴールドのビューカード。JR東日本・新幹線を多く使う人に強い。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["JR East travel and Shinkansen bonuses","Airport lounges and annual-spend benefits","Insurance package"],"ja":["JR東日本・新幹線の利用ボーナス","空港ラウンジと年間利用特典","保険パッケージ"]},"considerations":{"en":["Not a superior general-purpose gold outside JR East","Value depends on frequent rail travel"],"ja":["JR東日本外では一般ゴールドとして特段有利ではない","価値は頻繁な鉄道利用に依存"]},"fees":{"en":"¥11,000 annual fee; best for frequent JR East and Shinkansen travellers.","ja":"年会費11,000円。JR東日本・新幹線を頻繁に使う人に最適。"},"url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/goldplus/","sources":["view-gold-plus-card-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jal-card","name":"JAL Card (Regular)","reading":"JALカード（普通）","provider":"JAL Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Entry JAL mileage card","ja":"入門JALマイルカード"},"description":{"en":"An airline card (first year free, then ¥2,200; the American Express variant costs ¥6,600) earning JAL miles with an initial-flight bonus, 10% boarding bonus and JAL Card Mile Plus; issuer, insurance and fees vary by partner.","ja":"航空系カード（初年度無料・以降2,200円、Amex版は6,600円）で、初回搭乗ボーナス・10%搭乗ボーナス・JALカードマイルプラスによりJALマイルが貯まる。発行会社・保険・手数料は提携先による。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Initial-flight and 10% boarding bonuses","JAL Card Mile Plus on eligible spend","Optional Shopping Mile Premium upgrade"],"ja":["初回搭乗ボーナスと10%搭乗ボーナス","対象利用でJALカードマイルプラス","ショッピングマイル・プレミアムの上乗せオプション"]},"considerations":{"en":["Amex and Suica variants have different fees","Delivery is commonly around three weeks"],"ja":["Amex・Suica版は会費が異なる","発行は通常3週間程度"]},"fees":{"en":"First year free, then ¥2,200 (¥6,600 for the American Express variant).","ja":"初年度無料・以降2,200円（Amex版は6,600円）。"},"url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jalcard/","sources":["jal-card-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jal-club-a-gold","name":"JAL CLUB-A Gold Card","reading":"JAL CLUB-Aゴールドカード","provider":"JAL Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Frequent-flyer JAL gold card","ja":"頻繁に飛ぶ人向けJALゴールド"},"description":{"en":"A JAL gold card, mainstream fee ¥17,600 (¥20,900 for Suica/Amex variants, ¥34,100 for Diners), with a 25% flight bonus, enhanced shopping miles and issuer-dependent lounge/insurance.","ja":"JALゴールド。主要な年会費17,600円（Suica/Amex版20,900円、Diners34,100円）で、25%搭乗ボーナス・強化ショッピングマイル・提携先ごとのラウンジ/保険を備える。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["25% flight bonus","Enhanced shopping-mile economics","Issuer-dependent lounge and insurance"],"ja":["25%搭乗ボーナス","強化されたショッピングマイル","提携先ごとのラウンジ・保険"]},"considerations":{"en":["Choose the variant by network, Suica, lounge and FX","Fees differ across variants"],"ja":["ブランド・Suica・ラウンジ・海外手数料で版を選ぶ","版により会費が異なる"]},"fees":{"en":"¥17,600 mainstream (¥20,900 Suica/Amex; ¥34,100 Diners); 25% flight bonus.","ja":"主要17,600円（Suica/Amex20,900円、Diners34,100円）。25%搭乗ボーナス。"},"url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jalcard/lineup/clubagold.html","sources":["jal-club-a-gold-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jal-platinum","name":"JAL Platinum Card","reading":"JALプラチナカード","provider":"JAL Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Premium JAL international card","ja":"国際線重視のJALプラチナ"},"description":{"en":"A JAL platinum (JCB and American Express variants around ¥34,100) combining premium JAL airfare bonuses with concierge, a lounge package and insurance; for frequent international JAL travelers.","ja":"JALプラチナ（JCB・Amex版で約34,100円）で、JALの上位搭乗ボーナスにコンシェルジュ・ラウンジ・保険を組み合わせる。JAL国際線を頻繁に使う人向け。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Concierge and Priority Pass / lounge package","Premium JAL airfare bonuses","Comprehensive insurance"],"ja":["コンシェルジュとPriority Pass/ラウンジ","JALの上位搭乗ボーナス","手厚い保険"]},"considerations":{"en":["Award availability and surcharges reduce mile value","Best for frequent premium-cabin redemptions"],"ja":["特典枠・燃油等でマイル価値は下がる","上位クラス特典を狙う頻繁な利用者向け"]},"fees":{"en":"Around ¥34,100 (JCB/Amex variants); for frequent international JAL travel.","ja":"約34,100円（JCB/Amex版）。JAL国際線を多く使う人向け。"},"url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jalcard/lineup/platinum.html","sources":["jal-platinum-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-general-card","name":"ANA Visa/Master General Card","reading":"ANA VISA/マスター一般カード","provider":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Entry ANA mileage card","ja":"入門ANAマイルカード"},"description":{"en":"An ANA co-brand card (¥2,200 after a free first year) with a 1,000-mile joining bonus, 10% boarding bonus and ANA Card Mile Plus; the true shopping return depends on the mile-conversion course.","ja":"ANA提携カード（初年度無料・以降2,200円）で、1,000マイルの入会ボーナス・10%搭乗ボーナス・ANAカードマイルプラスを備える。実際の還元は移行コース次第。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["1,000-mile joining bonus and 10% boarding bonus","ANA Card Mile Plus on eligible spend","First year free"],"ja":["1,000マイル入会ボーナスと10%搭乗ボーナス","対象利用でANAカードマイルプラス","初年度無料"]},"considerations":{"en":["Shopping return depends on the mile-conversion course/fee","An entry airline card, not a top general-spend card"],"ja":["還元はマイル移行コース・手数料で変わる","入門の航空カードで一般利用最強ではない"]},"fees":{"en":"¥2,200 after a free first year; standard 1,000-mile joining bonus.","ja":"初年度無料・以降2,200円。1,000マイルの入会ボーナス。"},"url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/reference/tameru/card/","sources":["ana-general-card-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-wide-gold-card","name":"ANA Visa/Master Wide Gold Card","reading":"ANA VISA/マスター ワイドゴールドカード","provider":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Frequent-flyer ANA gold card","ja":"頻繁に飛ぶ人向けANAゴールド"},"description":{"en":"An ¥15,400 ANA gold card with a 2,000-mile joining bonus, 25% boarding bonus, lounges, insurance and stronger mile-conversion economics than the general card.","ja":"年会費15,400円で、2,000マイル入会ボーナス・25%搭乗ボーナス・ラウンジ・保険・一般カードより有利な移行条件を備えるANAゴールド。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["2,000-mile joining and 25% boarding bonus","Airport lounges and insurance","Stronger mile-conversion economics"],"ja":["2,000マイル入会と25%搭乗ボーナス","空港ラウンジと保険","より有利なマイル移行"]},"considerations":{"en":["Best with meaningful ANA flight activity","Infrequent flyers may prefer flexible points/cashback"],"ja":["ANA搭乗が多い人に最適","たまにしか飛ばないなら汎用ポイント/現金還元が有利なことも"]},"fees":{"en":"¥15,400 annual fee; 2,000-mile joining bonus and 25% boarding bonus.","ja":"年会費15,400円。2,000マイル入会・25%搭乗ボーナス。"},"url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/reference/tameru/card/","sources":["ana-wide-gold-card-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"diners-club-card","name":"Diners Club Card","reading":"ダイナースクラブカード","provider":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Dining and travel charge card","ja":"ダイニング・旅行のカード"},"description":{"en":"A ¥29,700 Diners Club card known for strong dining, travel and lounge services and an individualized spending limit rather than a uniform published ceiling; better as part of a multi-card wallet.","ja":"年会費29,700円で、強力なダイニング・旅行・ラウンジと、一律の上限ではない個別の利用枠を特徴とするダイナース。複数枚持ちの一枚として有効。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Strong dining and travel privileges","Airport lounges","Individualized (not preset) spending limit"],"ja":["強力なダイニング・旅行特典","空港ラウンジ","一律ではない個別の利用枠"]},"considerations":{"en":["Diners acceptance is narrower than Visa/Mastercard","Best as part of a multi-card wallet"],"ja":["ダイナースの利用可能店はVisa/Masterより狭い","複数枚持ちの一枚として最適"]},"fees":{"en":"¥29,700 annual fee; strong dining, travel and lounge services.","ja":"年会費29,700円。強力なダイニング・旅行・ラウンジ。"},"url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/card/lineup/diners_club_card.html","sources":["diners-club-card-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"diners-club-premium","name":"Diners Club Premium","reading":"ダイナースクラブ プレミアムカード","provider":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Ultra-premium dining and travel","ja":"最上位のダイニング・旅行"},"description":{"en":"An invitation ¥165,000 card with free family cards, premium concierge, dining, lounge and travel services and no uniform preset spending limit; for customers valuing service access over transparent cash return.","ja":"招待制・年会費165,000円で、家族カード無料、最上位のコンシェルジュ・ダイニング・ラウンジ・旅行、一律ではない利用枠を備える。現金還元より特典アクセスを重視する人向け。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Premium concierge, dining, lounges and travel","Free family cards","No uniform preset spending limit"],"ja":["最上位のコンシェルジュ・ダイニング・ラウンジ・旅行","家族カード無料","一律ではない利用枠"]},"considerations":{"en":["Invitation-only; criteria are not public","The fee requires sustained premium-benefit use"],"ja":["招待制で基準は非公開","会費は特典の継続利用が前提"]},"fees":{"en":"¥165,000 annual fee including free family cards; invitation product.","ja":"年会費165,000円（家族カード無料）。招待制。"},"url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/card/lineup/premium.html","sources":["diners-club-premium-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"luxury-card-titanium","name":"Luxury Card Mastercard Titanium","reading":"ラグジュアリーカード チタン","provider":"Luxury Card (Aplus)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Entry metal premium card","ja":"入門の金属製プレミアム"},"description":{"en":"A ¥55,000 metal Mastercard earning around 1%, with concierge, dining and travel benefits and cashback generally redeemable at 1 point = ¥1; the lowest-cost entry to the Luxury Card lineup.","ja":"年会費55,000円の金属製Mastercardで、約1%還元、コンシェルジュ・ダイニング・旅行特典、1ポイント=1円のキャッシュバックを備える。ラグジュアリーカードの入門。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Metal card with concierge","Dining and travel benefits","~1% with 1 point = ¥1 cashback route"],"ja":["金属製カードとコンシェルジュ","ダイニング・旅行特典","約1%（1ポイント=1円のキャッシュバック）"]},"considerations":{"en":["Expensive vs JCB/MUFG platinum","Value needs actual benefit use"],"ja":["JCB/MUFGプラチナより高い","特典を使ってこそ見合う"]},"fees":{"en":"¥55,000 annual fee; entry metal premium card.","ja":"年会費55,000円。入門の金属製プレミアム。"},"url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/card/titanium/","sources":["luxury-card-titanium-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"luxury-card-black","name":"Luxury Card Mastercard Black","reading":"ラグジュアリーカード ブラック","provider":"Luxury Card (Aplus)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Concierge and networking premium","ja":"コンシェルジュ・ネットワーク型プレミアム"},"description":{"en":"A ¥110,000 World Elite Mastercard raising the public base return to about 1.25%, with enhanced concierge, dining, limousine and networking benefits and metal construction.","ja":"年会費110,000円のWorld Elite Mastercardで、公表基本還元を約1.25%に引き上げ、強化コンシェルジュ・ダイニング・リムジン・ネットワーク特典と金属製を備える。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["~1.25% base return","Enhanced concierge, dining and limousine benefits","World Elite Mastercard, metal card"],"ja":["基本約1.25%","強化コンシェルジュ・ダイニング・リムジン","World Eliteの金属製カード"]},"considerations":{"en":["1.25% alone cannot justify the fee","Value comes from substantial benefit use"],"ja":["1.25%だけでは会費に見合わない","特典の十分な利用でこそ価値"]},"fees":{"en":"¥110,000 annual fee; ~1.25% base plus premium services.","ja":"年会費110,000円。基本約1.25%＋上位サービス。"},"url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/card/black/","sources":["luxury-card-black-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"luxury-card-gold","name":"Luxury Card Mastercard Gold","reading":"ラグジュアリーカード ゴールド","provider":"Luxury Card (Aplus)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Ultra-premium rewards and status","ja":"最上位の還元・ステータス"},"description":{"en":"A ¥220,000 gold-finished metal Mastercard with the lineup’s highest public base return (about 1.5%) and expanded premium services; the most expensive card in this research set.","ja":"年会費220,000円の金色金属製Mastercardで、シリーズ最高の公表基本還元（約1.5%）と拡張された上位サービスを備える、本調査で最も高額なカード。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Highest public base return (~1.5%)","Gold-finished metal card","Expanded premium services"],"ja":["シリーズ最高の基本還元（約1.5%）","金色の金属製カード","拡張された上位サービス"]},"considerations":{"en":["Even high spend cannot offset the fee via rewards alone","Status, concierge and travel value must justify it"],"ja":["高額利用でも還元だけでは会費を賄えない","ステータス・コンシェルジュ・旅行価値で判断"]},"fees":{"en":"¥220,000 annual fee; the most expensive card in this set.","ja":"年会費220,000円。本調査で最も高額。"},"url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/card/gold/","sources":["luxury-card-gold-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"olive-flexible-pay","name":"Olive Flexible Pay","reading":"Olive フレキシブルペイ（一般）","provider":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"All-in-one account card (general rank)","ja":"オールインワン口座一体型カード（一般）"},"description":{"en":"SMBC’s Olive all-in-one card, where one card switches between debit, credit and points modes and links to an SMBC bank account. The general rank has no annual fee and earns V Points.","ja":"1枚でデビット・クレジット・ポイント払いを切り替えられ、三井住友銀行口座と連携するオールインワンカード。一般ランクは年会費無料でVポイントが貯まる。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["One card switches debit / credit / points modes","No annual fee for the general rank","Selectable benefits and touch-payment point uplifts"],"ja":["1枚でデビット・クレジット・ポイント払いを切替","一般ランクは年会費無料","選べる特典とタッチ決済のポイント上乗せ"]},"considerations":{"en":["Point uplifts require the stated merchants and payment method","Value is tied to using the linked SMBC account and app"],"ja":["ポイント上乗せは対象店舗・決済方法が条件","連携する三井住友銀行口座・アプリの利用が前提"]},"fees":{"en":"No annual fee for the general rank; higher ranks carry their own fees.","ja":"一般ランクは年会費無料。上位ランクは別途年会費。"},"url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/","sources":["olive-flexible-pay-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"smbc-card-platinum","name":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Platinum","reading":"三井住友カード プラチナ","provider":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Service-led platinum card","ja":"サービス重視のプラチナカード"},"description":{"en":"SMBC’s flagship Visa Platinum, positioned on premium services — concierge, airport lounges and comprehensive travel insurance — rather than on reward rate. A high annual fee applies.","ja":"サービス重視の三井住友カード最上位のVisaプラチナ。コンシェルジュ・空港ラウンジ・手厚い旅行保険が中心で、還元率より上位サービスが特徴。年会費は高め。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Concierge and premium travel services","Airport lounges and comprehensive travel insurance","Earns V Points"],"ja":["コンシェルジュと上位の旅行サービス","空港ラウンジと手厚い旅行保険","Vポイントが貯まる"]},"considerations":{"en":["High annual fee needs the services to justify it","Weighted to service, not to a high base reward rate"],"ja":["高い年会費に見合うサービス価値が必要","高い基本還元より上位サービス重視"]},"fees":{"en":"¥55,000 including tax for the primary card; value comes from premium services.","ja":"本会員の年会費は税込55,000円。価値は上位サービスによる。"},"url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/platinum.jsp","sources":["smbc-card-platinum-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jcb-card-w-plus-l","name":"JCB Card W plus L","reading":"JCBカード W plus L","provider":"JCB","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"No-fee card for ages 18–39 with add-on benefits","ja":"18〜39歳向け年会費無料カード（特典付き）"},"description":{"en":"The JCB Card W variant that adds optional women-oriented insurance and benefit programs on top of the same permanently free, enhanced-rewards base; new applications are limited to ages 18–39.","ja":"JCBカードWに、任意加入の女性向け保険・特典プログラムを付加したバリアント。永年無料・優遇還元の土台は同じで、新規申込は18〜39歳に限定。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Permanently no annual fee (apply at 18–39)","Enhanced JCB base rewards, same as JCB Card W","Optional add-on insurance and benefit programs"],"ja":["年会費永年無料（申込は18〜39歳）","JCBカードWと同じ優遇された基本還元","任意加入の保険・特典プログラム"]},"considerations":{"en":["New applications limited to ages 18–39","Add-on programs may carry their own monthly charge"],"ja":["新規申込は18〜39歳に限定","付帯プログラムは別途月額費用がかかる場合がある"]},"fees":{"en":"No annual fee for the card; optional add-on programs may carry their own charge.","ja":"カード自体は年会費無料。任意の付帯プログラムは別途費用の場合あり。"},"url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcb_w_plus_l.html","sources":["jcb-card-w-plus-l-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"rakuten-pink-card","name":"Rakuten PINK Card","reading":"楽天PINKカード","provider":"Rakuten Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"No-fee card with optional add-on benefits","ja":"年会費無料カード（選べる特典付き）"},"description":{"en":"A Rakuten Card variant that keeps the same no-fee, Rakuten-Points base as the standard card and adds optional paid benefit programs — a custom-design service, lifestyle discounts and women-oriented insurance.","ja":"通常カードと同じく年会費無料・楽天ポイントの土台に、カスタムデザインや生活優待、女性向け保険といった任意加入の特典プログラムを追加できる楽天カードのバリアント。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee for the base card","Earns Rakuten Points, same as the standard card","Optional add-on benefit and insurance programs"],"ja":["本カードは年会費無料","通常カードと同じく楽天ポイントが貯まる","任意加入の特典・保険プログラム"]},"considerations":{"en":["Add-on programs carry their own monthly charge","Base earning matches the standard Rakuten Card"],"ja":["付帯プログラムは別途月額費用がかかる","基本付与は通常の楽天カードと同じ"]},"fees":{"en":"No annual fee for the base card; optional add-on programs carry their own charge.","ja":"本カードは年会費無料。任意の付帯プログラムは別途費用。"},"url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-pink-card/","sources":["rakuten-pink-card-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"aeon-card-waon","name":"AEON Card (WAON integrated)","reading":"イオンカード（WAON一体型）","provider":"AEON Financial Service","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"No-fee card with integrated WAON e-money","ja":"年会費無料・WAON電子マネー一体型カード"},"description":{"en":"A no-annual-fee AEON card that combines credit, a cash card function and WAON e-money in one card, earning WAON POINT and offering AEON-group shopping-day discounts.","ja":"年会費無料で、クレジット・キャッシュ機能・WAON電子マネーを1枚にまとめたイオンカード。WAON POINTが貯まり、イオングループの割引デーなどの優待がある。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Integrated WAON e-money and cash-card function","AEON-group shopping-day discounts"],"ja":["年会費無料","WAON電子マネー・キャッシュ機能を一体化","イオングループの割引デー優待"]},"considerations":{"en":["Benefits are strongest for AEON-group shoppers","Point uplifts require the stated days and merchants"],"ja":["イオングループ利用者ほど利点が大きい","ポイント上乗せは対象日・店舗が条件"]},"fees":{"en":"No annual fee.","ja":"年会費無料。"},"url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/aeoncardwaon/","sources":["aeon-card-waon-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"view-suica-card","name":"\"View Suica\" Card","reading":"「ビュー・スイカ」カード","provider":"Viewcard (JR East)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Suica-integrated commuter card","ja":"Suica一体型の通勤・鉄道カード"},"description":{"en":"JR East’s flagship View card with an integrated Suica: it auto-charges Suica, earns JRE POINT at a higher rate on Suica charge and JR East services, and holds commuter passes. An annual fee applies.","ja":"Suicaを一体化したJR東日本の代表的なビューカード。オートチャージに対応し、Suicaチャージやえきねっと等でJRE POINTが高めに貯まり、定期券も搭載できる。年会費あり。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Integrated Suica with auto-charge","Higher JRE POINT on Suica charge and JR East services","Holds commuter passes on the card"],"ja":["オートチャージ対応のSuica一体型","Suicaチャージ・JR東日本サービスでJRE POINTが高め","定期券をカードに搭載可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["An annual fee applies, unlike no-fee general cards","Value is highest for JR East / Suica users"],"ja":["年会費無料の一般カードと異なり年会費がかかる","JR東日本・Suica利用者ほど価値が高い"]},"fees":{"en":"An annual fee applies; verify the current amount on the product page.","ja":"年会費がかかる。最新の金額は商品ページで確認。"},"url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/type/viewsuica/index.html","sources":["view-suica-card-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jal-card-suica","name":"JAL Card Suica","reading":"JALカード Suica","provider":"JAL Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Airline card with integrated Suica","ja":"Suica一体型のマイル系カード"},"description":{"en":"A JAL Card issued with JR East that combines JAL Mileage Bank mile-earning with an integrated Suica, letting cardholders earn JAL miles and, via JRE POINT, top up Suica. An annual fee applies.","ja":"JR東日本と提携し、JALマイルの獲得とSuica一体機能を組み合わせたJALカード。JALマイルを貯めつつ、JRE POINT経由でSuicaにチャージできる。年会費あり。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Earns JAL Mileage Bank miles","Integrated Suica with JRE POINT top-up","Optional shopping-mile program for a higher earn rate"],"ja":["JALマイルが貯まる","Suica一体でJRE POINTからチャージ","任意のショッピングマイル・プレミアムで高め還元"]},"considerations":{"en":["An annual fee applies; the shopping-mile program costs extra","Best for people who both fly JAL and use Suica"],"ja":["年会費がかかり、ショッピングマイル・プレミアムは別途費用","JAL搭乗とSuica利用の両方がある人向け"]},"fees":{"en":"An annual fee applies; an optional shopping-mile program costs extra. Verify current amounts.","ja":"年会費がかかり、任意のショッピングマイル・プレミアムは別途費用。最新金額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jalcard/lineup/suica.html","sources":["jal-card-suica-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso","name":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card VIASO","reading":"三菱UFJカード VIASOカード","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"No-fee card with automatic cashback","ja":"年会費無料・オートキャッシュバックカード"},"description":{"en":"A no-annual-fee Mitsubishi UFJ Mastercard whose Global Points are automatically converted to a statement cashback once a year, so points never need manual redemption or expire unused.","ja":"年会費無料の三菱UFJカード（Mastercard）。貯まったグローバルポイントが年1回自動で口座へキャッシュバックされ、手動交換や失効を気にせず使えるのが特徴。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Automatic once-a-year cashback of accumulated points","Higher earn at some registered mobile/ISP partners"],"ja":["年会費無料","貯めたポイントを年1回自動でキャッシュバック","一部の携帯・プロバイダ登録先で還元アップ"]},"considerations":{"en":["Auto-cashback requires reaching the stated minimum points","Base rate is modest outside partner uplifts"],"ja":["オートキャッシュバックには所定の最低ポイントが必要","特約以外の基本還元は控えめ"]},"fees":{"en":"No annual fee; accumulated points auto-convert to a cashback once a year.","ja":"年会費無料。貯めたポイントは年1回自動でキャッシュバック。"},"url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/viaso/","sources":["mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso-product"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jcb-general-partner-with-point","name":"JCB General / Partner With Point","reading":"JCB 一般カード / PARTNER WITH POINT","provider":"JCB","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"JCB General / Partner With Point is a retail card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"JCB 一般カード / PARTNER WITH POINTは、JCBが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥1,375 including tax","Earns J-POINT at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費 税込1,375円","J-POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","ja":"年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。"},"url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/pwp.html","sources":["jcb-general-partner-with-point-product","jcb-general-partner-with-point-lineup","jcb-general-partner-with-point-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jcb-linda","name":"JCB LINDA","reading":"JCB LINDA","provider":"JCB","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"everyday card","ja":"日常使いのカード"},"description":{"en":"JCB LINDA is a everyday card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"JCB LINDAは、JCBが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns J-POINT at about 0.5% base rate","Available on JCB"],"ja":["年会費無料","J-POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる","国際ブランド：JCB"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","ja":"年会費は無料。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。"},"url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/linda.html","sources":["jcb-linda-product","jcb-linda-lineup","jcb-linda-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jcb-card-r","name":"JCB Card R","reading":"JCB CARD R","provider":"JCB","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"everyday card","ja":"日常使いのカード"},"description":{"en":"JCB Card R is a everyday card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 2% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"JCB CARD Rは、JCBが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約2%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns J-POINT at about 2% base rate","Available on JCB"],"ja":["年会費無料","J-POINTが基本約2%で貯まる","国際ブランド：JCB"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/card_r.html","sources":["jcb-card-r-product","jcb-card-r-lineup","jcb-card-r-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"saison-pearl-amex-digital","name":"Saison Pearl Amex Digital","reading":"セゾンパール・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード Digital","provider":"Credit Saison","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"telecom and mobile-payment card","ja":"通信・スマホ決済カード"},"description":{"en":"Saison Pearl Amex Digital is a telecom and mobile-payment card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"セゾンパール・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード Digitalは、クレディセゾンが発行する通信・スマホ決済カード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥1,100 including tax","Earns Permanent Points at about 0.5% base rate","ETC available"],"ja":["年会費 税込1,100円","Permanent Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,100 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,100円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","ja":"年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。"},"url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/pearl/","sources":["saison-pearl-amex-digital-product","saison-pearl-amex-digital-lineup","saison-pearl-amex-digital-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"saison-gold-american-express-card","name":"Saison Gold American Express Card","reading":"セゾンゴールド・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード","provider":"Credit Saison","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold travel card","ja":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"Saison Gold American Express Card is a Gold travel card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.75% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"セゾンゴールド・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.75%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥11,000 including tax","Earns Permanent Points at about 0.75% base rate","Airport lounge benefits"],"ja":["年会費 税込11,000円","Permanent Pointsが基本約0.75%で貯まる","空港ラウンジ特典あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/gold/","sources":["saison-gold-american-express-card-product","saison-gold-american-express-card-lineup","saison-gold-american-express-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"saison-rose-gold-american-express-card","name":"Saison Rose Gold American Express Card","reading":"セゾンローズゴールド・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード","provider":"Credit Saison","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold travel card","ja":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"Saison Rose Gold American Express Card is a Gold travel card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.75% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"セゾンローズゴールド・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.75%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥11,000 including tax","Earns Permanent Points at about 0.75% base rate","Airport lounge benefits"],"ja":["年会費 税込11,000円","Permanent Pointsが基本約0.75%で貯まる","空港ラウンジ特典あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込11,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/rose/","sources":["saison-rose-gold-american-express-card-product","saison-rose-gold-american-express-card-lineup","saison-rose-gold-american-express-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"gold-card-saison","name":"Gold Card Saison","reading":"ゴールドカードセゾン","provider":"Credit Saison","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold travel card","ja":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"Gold Card Saison is a Gold travel card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ゴールドカードセゾンは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥11,000 including tax","Earns Permanent Points at about 0.5% base rate","Airport lounge benefits"],"ja":["年会費 税込11,000円","Permanent Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","空港ラウンジ特典あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","ja":"年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。"},"url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=gold","sources":["gold-card-saison-product","gold-card-saison-lineup","gold-card-saison-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"saison-gold-associe-amex","name":"Saison Gold Associe Amex","reading":"セゾンゴールド・アソシエ・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード","provider":"Credit Saison","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold everyday card","ja":"ゴールドランクの日常使いのカード"},"description":{"en":"Saison Gold Associe Amex is a Gold everyday card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.75% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"セゾンゴールド・アソシエ・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクの日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込2,200円。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.75%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥2,200 including tax","Earns Permanent Points at about 0.75% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費 税込2,200円","Permanent Pointsが基本約0.75%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.","Stated eligibility: Existing eligible Saison member; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：対象のセゾンカード会員であること。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込2,200円。"},"url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=gold","sources":["saison-gold-associe-amex-product","saison-gold-associe-amex-lineup","saison-gold-associe-amex-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"mileageplus-saison-card","name":"MileagePlus Saison Card","reading":"MileagePlus セゾンカード","provider":"Credit Saison","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"airline mileage card","ja":"航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"MileagePlus Saison Card is a airline mileage card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa, Mastercard and American Express. The annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. It earns United MileagePlus at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"MileagePlus セゾンカードは、クレディセゾンが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、American Express）。年会費は税込3,300円。対象利用でUnited MileagePlusが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥3,300 including tax","Earns United MileagePlus at about 0.5% base rate","ETC available"],"ja":["年会費 税込3,300円","United MileagePlusが基本約0.5%で貯まる","ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥3,300 a year.","Stated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間3,300円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込3,300円。"},"url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","sources":["mileageplus-saison-card-product","mileageplus-saison-card-lineup","mileageplus-saison-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"mileageplus-saison-gold-card","name":"MileagePlus Saison Gold Card","reading":"MileagePlus セゾンゴールドカード","provider":"Credit Saison","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold airline mileage card","ja":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"MileagePlus Saison Gold Card is a Gold airline mileage card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa, Mastercard and American Express. The annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns United MileagePlus at a published base rate of about 1.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"MileagePlus セゾンゴールドカードは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、American Express）。年会費は税込22,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でUnited MileagePlusが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥22,000 including tax","Earns United MileagePlus at about 1.5% base rate","Airport lounge benefits"],"ja":["年会費 税込22,000円","United MileagePlusが基本約1.5%で貯まる","空港ラウンジ特典あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥22,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間22,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込22,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/mileage/ua-gold/","sources":["mileageplus-saison-gold-card-product","mileageplus-saison-gold-card-lineup","mileageplus-saison-gold-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"mileageplus-saison-platinum-card","name":"MileagePlus Saison Platinum Card","reading":"MileagePlus セゾンプラチナカード","provider":"Credit Saison","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Platinum airline mileage card","ja":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"MileagePlus Saison Platinum Card is a Platinum airline mileage card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is ¥55,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns United MileagePlus at a published base rate of about 1.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"MileagePlus セゾンプラチナカードは、クレディセゾンが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は税込55,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でUnited MileagePlusが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥55,000 including tax","Earns United MileagePlus at about 1.5% base rate","Premium lounges/concierge depending on brand"],"ja":["年会費 税込55,000円","United MileagePlusが基本約1.5%で貯まる","ブランドによりプレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥55,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間55,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥55,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込55,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/mileage/ua-platinum/","sources":["mileageplus-saison-platinum-card-product","mileageplus-saison-platinum-card-lineup","mileageplus-saison-platinum-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"muji-card","name":"MUJI Card","reading":"MUJI Card","provider":"Credit Saison","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"MUJI Card is a retail card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Permanent Points / MUJI points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"MUJI Cardは、クレディセゾンが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPermanent Points / MUJI pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Permanent Points / MUJI points at about 0.5% base rate","ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","Permanent Points / MUJI pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","sources":["muji-card-product","muji-card-lineup","muji-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"loft-card","name":"Loft Card","reading":"ロフトカード","provider":"Credit Saison","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"Loft Card is a retail card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ロフトカードは、クレディセゾンが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Permanent Points at about 0.5% base rate","ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","Permanent Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","sources":["loft-card-product","loft-card-lineup","loft-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"likeme-by-saison-card","name":"Likeme by Saison Card","reading":"Likeme by saison card","provider":"Credit Saison","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"points card","ja":"ポイント還元カード"},"description":{"en":"Likeme by Saison Card is a points card from Credit Saison, issued on Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Cashback at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"Likeme by saison cardは、クレディセゾンが発行するポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でCashbackが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Cashback at about 1% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","Cashbackが基本約1%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","sources":["likeme-by-saison-card-product","likeme-by-saison-card-lineup","likeme-by-saison-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"shop-channel-card-saison","name":"Shop Channel Card Saison","reading":"ショップチャンネルカード セゾン","provider":"Credit Saison","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"Shop Channel Card Saison is a retail card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Shop Channel points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ショップチャンネルカード セゾンは、クレディセゾンが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でShop Channel pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Shop Channel points at about 0.5% base rate","ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","Shop Channel pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","sources":["shop-channel-card-saison-product","shop-channel-card-saison-lineup","shop-channel-card-saison-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"nimoca-saison-card","name":"nimoca Saison Card","reading":"nimocaセゾンカード","provider":"Credit Saison","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"rail and transit card","ja":"鉄道・交通系カード"},"description":{"en":"nimoca Saison Card is a rail and transit card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns nimoca points at a published base rate of about 0.3% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"nimocaセゾンカードは、クレディセゾンが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でnimoca pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.3%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns nimoca points at about 0.3% base rate","ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","nimoca pointsが基本約0.3%で貯まる","ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","sources":["nimoca-saison-card-product","nimoca-saison-card-lineup","nimoca-saison-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"samurai-blue-card-saison","name":"Samurai Blue Card Saison","reading":"SAMURAI BLUE カード セゾン","provider":"Credit Saison","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"design card","ja":"デザインカード"},"description":{"en":"Samurai Blue Card Saison is a design card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"SAMURAI BLUE カード セゾンは、クレディセゾンが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Permanent Points at about 0.5% base rate","ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","Permanent Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","sources":["samurai-blue-card-saison-product","samurai-blue-card-saison-lineup","samurai-blue-card-saison-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jq-card-saison-gold","name":"JQ Card Saison Gold","reading":"JQ CARD セゾン GOLD","provider":"Credit Saison","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold points card","ja":"ゴールドランクのポイント還元カード"},"description":{"en":"JQ Card Saison Gold is a Gold points card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns JR Kyushu Q points / Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"JQ CARD セゾン GOLDは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でJR Kyushu Q points / Permanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥11,000 including tax","Earns JR Kyushu Q points / Permanent Points at about 0.5% base rate","Airport lounge benefits"],"ja":["年会費 税込11,000円","JR Kyushu Q points / Permanent Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","空港ラウンジ特典あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","ja":"年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。"},"url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=gold","sources":["jq-card-saison-gold-product","jq-card-saison-gold-lineup","jq-card-saison-gold-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"d-card-gold-u","name":"d Card Gold U","reading":"dカード GOLD U","provider":"NTT DOCOMO","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold telecom and mobile-payment card","ja":"ゴールドランクの通信・スマホ決済カード"},"description":{"en":"d Card Gold U is a Gold telecom and mobile-payment card from NTT DOCOMO, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns d POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"dカード GOLD Uは、NTTドコモが発行するゴールドランクの通信・スマホ決済カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込3,300円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でd POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥3,300 including tax","Earns d POINT at about 1% base rate","Domestic lounge benefits"],"ja":["年会費 税込3,300円","d POINTが基本約1%で貯まる","国内ラウンジ特典あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥3,300 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18–29; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間3,300円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18〜29歳。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","ja":"年会費は税込3,300円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。"},"url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/dcard_goldu/index.html","sources":["d-card-gold-u-product","d-card-gold-u-lineup","d-card-gold-u-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design","name":"AEON Card Select Mickey Mouse Design","reading":"イオンカードセレクト（ミッキーマウス デザイン）","provider":"AEON Financial Service","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"AEON Card Select Mickey Mouse Design is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"イオンカードセレクト（ミッキーマウス デザイン）は、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","WAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/disney_select/","sources":["aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design-product","aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design-lineup","aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"aeon-card-select-toy-story-design","name":"AEON Card Select Toy Story Design","reading":"イオンカードセレクト（トイ・ストーリー デザイン）","provider":"AEON Financial Service","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"AEON Card Select Toy Story Design is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"イオンカードセレクト（トイ・ストーリー デザイン）は、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","WAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/toystory_select/","sources":["aeon-card-select-toy-story-design-product","aeon-card-select-toy-story-design-lineup","aeon-card-select-toy-story-design-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"aeon-card-select-minions","name":"AEON Card Select Minions","reading":"イオンカードセレクト（ミニオンズ）","provider":"AEON Financial Service","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"design card","ja":"デザインカード"},"description":{"en":"AEON Card Select Minions is a design card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"イオンカードセレクト（ミニオンズ）は、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","WAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/minions_select/","sources":["aeon-card-select-minions-product","aeon-card-select-minions-lineup","aeon-card-select-minions-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"aeon-card-minions","name":"AEON Card Minions","reading":"イオンカード（ミニオンズ）","provider":"AEON Financial Service","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"design card","ja":"デザインカード"},"description":{"en":"AEON Card Minions is a design card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"イオンカード（ミニオンズ）は、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","WAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/minions/","sources":["aeon-card-minions-product","aeon-card-minions-lineup","aeon-card-minions-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"tgc-card","name":"TGC Card","reading":"TGC CARD","provider":"AEON Financial Service","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"TGC Card is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"TGC CARDは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","WAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/tgc/","sources":["tgc-card-product","tgc-card-lineup","tgc-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"cosmo-the-card-opus","name":"Cosmo The Card Opus","reading":"コスモ・ザ・カード・オーパス","provider":"AEON Financial Service","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"fuel card","ja":"給油系カード"},"description":{"en":"Cosmo The Card Opus is a fuel card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"コスモ・ザ・カード・オーパスは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","WAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/cosmo/","sources":["cosmo-the-card-opus-product","cosmo-the-card-opus-lineup","cosmo-the-card-opus-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"aeon-suica-card","name":"AEON Suica Card","reading":"イオンSuicaカード","provider":"AEON Financial Service","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"rail and transit card","ja":"鉄道・交通系カード"},"description":{"en":"AEON Suica Card is a rail and transit card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT / JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"イオンSuicaカードは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINT / JRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns WAON POINT / JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate","Travel insurance subject to terms"],"ja":["年会費無料","WAON POINT / JRE POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険（規定による）"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/aeonsuica/","sources":["aeon-suica-card-product","aeon-suica-card-lineup","aeon-suica-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jmb-jq-sugoca","name":"JMB JQ SUGOCA","reading":"JMB JQ SUGOCA","provider":"AEON Financial Service","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"airline mileage card","ja":"航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"JMB JQ SUGOCA is a airline mileage card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns JAL miles / JR Kyushu Q points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"JMB JQ SUGOCAは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJAL miles / JR Kyushu Q pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns JAL miles / JR Kyushu Q points at about 0.5% base rate","ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","JAL miles / JR Kyushu Q pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/jmbjqsugoca/","sources":["jmb-jq-sugoca-product","jmb-jq-sugoca-lineup","jmb-jq-sugoca-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"aeon-jmb-card","name":"AEON JMB Card","reading":"イオンJMBカード（JMB WAON一体型）","provider":"AEON Financial Service","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"airline mileage card","ja":"航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"AEON JMB Card is a airline mileage card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"イオンJMBカード（JMB WAON一体型）は、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns JAL miles at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","JAL milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/jmbwaon/","sources":["aeon-jmb-card-product","aeon-jmb-card-lineup","aeon-jmb-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"benesse-aeon-card","name":"Benesse AEON Card","reading":"ベネッセ・イオンカード（WAON一体型）","provider":"AEON Financial Service","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"student card","ja":"学生向けカード"},"description":{"en":"Benesse AEON Card is a student card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT / Benesse points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ベネッセ・イオンカード（WAON一体型）は、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する学生向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINT / Benesse pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns WAON POINT / Benesse points at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","WAON POINT / Benesse pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/benesse/","sources":["benesse-aeon-card-product","benesse-aeon-card-lineup","benesse-aeon-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"kasumi-card","name":"KASUMI Card","reading":"KASUMIカード","provider":"AEON Financial Service","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"KASUMI Card is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"KASUMIカードは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","WAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/kasumi/","sources":["kasumi-card-product","kasumi-card-lineup","kasumi-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"sports-authority-card","name":"Sports Authority Card","reading":"スポーツオーソリティカード","provider":"AEON Financial Service","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"Sports Authority Card is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Recorded from the issuer's official lineup on 2026-08-13; the card is no longer open to new applications.","ja":"スポーツオーソリティカードは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点の発行会社の公式ラインアップに基づく記録。新規申込は受け付けていない。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","WAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["AEON no longer accepts new applications for this card. The details below describe the card as it was last recorded, for existing cardholders.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["イオンは本カードの新規申込受付を終了している。以下は最終確認時点の内容で、既存会員向けの記録として残している。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":null,"sources":["sports-authority-card-lineup","sports-authority-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"kojima-x-bic-camera-card","name":"Kojima x Bic Camera Card","reading":"コジマ×ビックカメラカード","provider":"AEON Financial Service","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"Kojima x Bic Camera Card is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT / store points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"コジマ×ビックカメラカードは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINT / store pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns WAON POINT / store points at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","WAON POINT / store pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/kojima/","sources":["kojima-x-bic-camera-card-product","kojima-x-bic-camera-card-lineup","kojima-x-bic-camera-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"orico-card-the-point-upty","name":"Orico Card The Point UPty","reading":"Orico Card THE POINT UPty","provider":"Orient Corporation","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"everyday card","ja":"日常使いのカード"},"description":{"en":"Orico Card The Point UPty is a everyday card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns Orico Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"Orico Card THE POINT UPtyは、オリコが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でOrico Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Orico Points at about 1% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","Orico Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/upty/","sources":["orico-card-the-point-upty-product","orico-card-the-point-upty-lineup","orico-card-the-point-upty-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"orico-card-the-gold-prime","name":"Orico Card The Gold Prime","reading":"Orico Card THE GOLD PRIME","provider":"Orient Corporation","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold travel card","ja":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"Orico Card The Gold Prime is a Gold travel card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns Orico Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"Orico Card THE GOLD PRIMEは、オリコが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でOrico Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥11,000 including tax","Earns Orico Points at about 1% base rate","Airport lounge benefits"],"ja":["年会費 税込11,000円","Orico Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる","空港ラウンジ特典あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込11,000円。"},"url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/thegoldprime/","sources":["orico-card-the-gold-prime-product","orico-card-the-gold-prime-lineup","orico-card-the-gold-prime-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"the-gold","name":"The Gold","reading":"The Gold","provider":"Orient Corporation","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold travel card","ja":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"The Gold is a Gold travel card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"The Goldは、オリコが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥11,000 including tax","Earns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate","Airport lounge benefits"],"ja":["年会費 税込11,000円","Orico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","空港ラウンジ特典あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","ja":"年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。"},"url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/thegold/","sources":["the-gold-product","the-gold-lineup","the-gold-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"gold-upty","name":"Gold UPty","reading":"Gold UPty","provider":"Orient Corporation","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold everyday card","ja":"ゴールドランクの日常使いのカード"},"description":{"en":"Gold UPty is a Gold everyday card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"Gold UPtyは、オリコが発行するゴールドランクの日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込5,500円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥5,500 including tax","Earns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate","Airport lounge benefits"],"ja":["年会費 税込5,500円","Orico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","空港ラウンジ特典あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,500 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,500円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","ja":"年会費は税込5,500円。初年度無料と案内されている。"},"url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/goldupty/","sources":["gold-upty-product","gold-upty-lineup","gold-upty-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ex-gold-for-biz-s","name":"EX Gold for Biz S","reading":"EX Gold for Biz S","provider":"Orient Corporation","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold business card","ja":"ゴールドランクのビジネスカード"},"description":{"en":"EX Gold for Biz S is a Gold business card from Orico, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. It earns 暮らスマイル / Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.6% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"EX Gold for Biz Sは、オリコが発行するゴールドランクのビジネスカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込2,200円。対象利用で暮らスマイル / Orico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.6%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥2,200 including tax","Earns 暮らスマイル / Orico points at about 0.6% base rate","Airport lounge benefits"],"ja":["年会費 税込2,200円","暮らスマイル / Orico pointsが基本約0.6%で貯まる","空港ラウンジ特典あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.","Stated eligibility: Sole proprietors; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：個人事業主向け。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込2,200円。"},"url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/business/creditcard/list/exgoldforbiz_s/","sources":["ex-gold-for-biz-s-product","ex-gold-for-biz-s-lineup","ex-gold-for-biz-s-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ex-gold-for-biz-m","name":"EX Gold for Biz M","reading":"EX Gold for Biz M","provider":"Orient Corporation","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold business card","ja":"ゴールドランクのビジネスカード"},"description":{"en":"EX Gold for Biz M is a Gold business card from Orico, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. It earns 暮らスマイル / Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.6% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"EX Gold for Biz Mは、オリコが発行するゴールドランクのビジネスカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込2,200円。対象利用で暮らスマイル / Orico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.6%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥2,200 including tax","Earns 暮らスマイル / Orico points at about 0.6% base rate","Airport lounge benefits"],"ja":["年会費 税込2,200円","暮らスマイル / Orico pointsが基本約0.6%で貯まる","空港ラウンジ特典あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.","Stated eligibility: Corporate representatives; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：法人代表者向け。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込2,200円。"},"url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/business/creditcard/list/exgoldforbiz_m/","sources":["ex-gold-for-biz-m-product","ex-gold-for-biz-m-lineup","ex-gold-for-biz-m-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"love-the-earth","name":"Love the Earth","reading":"LOVE THE EARTH","provider":"Orient Corporation","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"donation-linked card","ja":"寄付型カード"},"description":{"en":"Love the Earth is a donation-linked card from Orico, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"LOVE THE EARTHは、オリコが発行する寄付型カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","Orico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/earth/","sources":["love-the-earth-product","love-the-earth-lineup","love-the-earth-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"red-feather-card","name":"Red Feather Card","reading":"赤い羽根カード","provider":"Orient Corporation","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"donation-linked card","ja":"寄付型カード"},"description":{"en":"Red Feather Card is a donation-linked card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"赤い羽根カードは、オリコが発行する寄付型カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate","Available on Mastercard"],"ja":["年会費無料","Orico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","国際ブランド：Mastercard"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/contribution/akaihane/","sources":["red-feather-card-product","red-feather-card-lineup","red-feather-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"red-cross-orico-card","name":"Red Cross Orico Card","reading":"赤十字オリコカード","provider":"Orient Corporation","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"donation-linked card","ja":"寄付型カード"},"description":{"en":"Red Cross Orico Card is a donation-linked card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"赤十字オリコカードは、オリコが発行する寄付型カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate","Available on Mastercard"],"ja":["年会費無料","Orico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","国際ブランド：Mastercard"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/contribution/redcross/","sources":["red-cross-orico-card-product","red-cross-orico-card-lineup","red-cross-orico-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"japan-animal-welfare-society-card","name":"Japan Animal Welfare Society Card","reading":"日本動物愛護協会カード","provider":"Orient Corporation","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"donation-linked card","ja":"寄付型カード"},"description":{"en":"Japan Animal Welfare Society Card is a donation-linked card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"日本動物愛護協会カードは、オリコが発行する寄付型カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate","Available on Mastercard"],"ja":["年会費無料","Orico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","国際ブランド：Mastercard"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/contribution/jspca/","sources":["japan-animal-welfare-society-card-product","japan-animal-welfare-society-card-lineup","japan-animal-welfare-society-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"wild-bird-society-of-japan-card","name":"Wild Bird Society of Japan Card","reading":"日本野鳥の会カード","provider":"Orient Corporation","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"donation-linked card","ja":"寄付型カード"},"description":{"en":"Wild Bird Society of Japan Card is a donation-linked card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"日本野鳥の会カードは、オリコが発行する寄付型カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate","Available on Mastercard"],"ja":["年会費無料","Orico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","国際ブランド：Mastercard"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/contribution/birdfun/","sources":["wild-bird-society-of-japan-card-product","wild-bird-society-of-japan-card-lineup","wild-bird-society-of-japan-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold","name":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card Gold","reading":"三菱UFJカード ゴールド","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold travel card","ja":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card Gold is a Gold travel card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Global Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"三菱UFJカード ゴールドは、三菱UFJニコスが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でGlobal Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥11,000 including tax","Earns Global Points at about 0.5% base rate","Airport lounge benefits"],"ja":["年会費 税込11,000円","Global Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","空港ラウンジ特典あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","ja":"年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。"},"url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/mucard_goldprestige/index.html","sources":["mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-product","mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-lineup","mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"mufg-card-disney-design","name":"MUFG Card Disney Design","reading":"三菱UFJカード（ディズニー・デザイン）","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"design card","ja":"デザインカード"},"description":{"en":"MUFG Card Disney Design is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Global Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"三菱UFJカード（ディズニー・デザイン）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でGlobal Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥1,375 including tax","Earns Global Points at about 0.5% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込1,375円","Global Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","ja":"年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。"},"url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/mufgcard_disney/index.html","sources":["mufg-card-disney-design-product","mufg-card-disney-design-lineup","mufg-card-disney-design-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio","name":"VIASO mofusand x Sanrio","reading":"VIASOカード（mofusand×サンリオキャラクターズ）","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"design card","ja":"デザインカード"},"description":{"en":"VIASO mofusand x Sanrio is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns VIASO Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"VIASOカード（mofusand×サンリオキャラクターズ）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でVIASO Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns VIASO Points at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","VIASO Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_mofusand_sanrio/index.html","sources":["viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio-product","viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio-lineup","viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"viaso-cinnamoroll","name":"VIASO Cinnamoroll","reading":"VIASOカード（シナモロール）","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"design card","ja":"デザインカード"},"description":{"en":"VIASO Cinnamoroll is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns VIASO Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"VIASOカード（シナモロール）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でVIASO Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns VIASO Points at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","VIASO Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_cinnamon/index.html","sources":["viaso-cinnamoroll-product","viaso-cinnamoroll-lineup","viaso-cinnamoroll-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"viaso-my-melody","name":"VIASO My Melody","reading":"VIASOカード（マイメロディ）","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"design card","ja":"デザインカード"},"description":{"en":"VIASO My Melody is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns VIASO Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"VIASOカード（マイメロディ）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でVIASO Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns VIASO Points at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","VIASO Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_mm/index.html","sources":["viaso-my-melody-product","viaso-my-melody-lineup","viaso-my-melody-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"viaso-gudetama","name":"VIASO Gudetama","reading":"VIASOカード（ぐでたま）","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"design card","ja":"デザインカード"},"description":{"en":"VIASO Gudetama is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns VIASO Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"VIASOカード（ぐでたま）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でVIASO Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns VIASO Points at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","VIASO Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_gudetama/index.html","sources":["viaso-gudetama-product","viaso-gudetama-lineup","viaso-gudetama-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"viaso-urawa-reds","name":"VIASO Urawa Reds","reading":"VIASOカード（浦和レッズ）","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"design card","ja":"デザインカード"},"description":{"en":"VIASO Urawa Reds is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns VIASO Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"VIASOカード（浦和レッズ）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でVIASO Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns VIASO Points at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","VIASO Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_reds/index.html","sources":["viaso-urawa-reds-product","viaso-urawa-reds-lineup","viaso-urawa-reds-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jizile","name":"Jizile","reading":"Jizile（ジザイル）","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"everyday card","ja":"日常使いのカード"},"description":{"en":"Jizile is a everyday card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns Global Points at a published base rate of about 1.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"Jizile（ジザイル）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でGlobal Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Global Points at about 1.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","Global Pointsが基本約1.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/dc_jizile/index.html","sources":["jizile-product","jizile-lineup","jizile-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ja-card","name":"JA Card","reading":"JAカード","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"bank-linked card","ja":"銀行一体型カード"},"description":{"en":"JA Card is a bank-linked card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Global Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"JAカードは、三菱UFJニコスが発行する銀行一体型カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でGlobal Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥1,375 including tax","Earns Global Points at about 0.5% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込1,375円","Global Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","ja":"年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。"},"url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/ja/cash_001/index.html","sources":["ja-card-product","ja-card-lineup","ja-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"eneos-card-s","name":"ENEOS Card S","reading":"ENEOSカード S","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"fuel card","ja":"給油系カード"},"description":{"en":"ENEOS Card S is a fuel card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns ENEOS points / discounts; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ENEOSカード Sは、三菱UFJニコスが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。ENEOS points / discountsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥1,375 including tax","Earns ENEOS points / discounts","Roadside service"],"ja":["年会費 税込1,375円","ENEOS points / discountsが貯まる","ロードサービスが付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","ja":"年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。"},"url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","sources":["eneos-card-s-product","eneos-card-s-lineup","eneos-card-s-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"eneos-card-p","name":"ENEOS Card P","reading":"ENEOSカード P","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"points card","ja":"ポイント還元カード"},"description":{"en":"ENEOS Card P is a points card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns ENEOS points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ENEOSカード Pは、三菱UFJニコスが発行するポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。ENEOS pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥1,375 including tax","Earns ENEOS points","Roadside service"],"ja":["年会費 税込1,375円","ENEOS pointsが貯まる","ロードサービスが付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","ja":"年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。"},"url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","sources":["eneos-card-p-product","eneos-card-p-lineup","eneos-card-p-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"eneos-card-c","name":"ENEOS Card C","reading":"ENEOSカード C","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"fuel card","ja":"給油系カード"},"description":{"en":"ENEOS Card C is a fuel card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Fuel discount; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ENEOSカード Cは、三菱UFJニコスが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。Fuel discountが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥1,375 including tax","Earns Fuel discount","Roadside service"],"ja":["年会費 税込1,375円","Fuel discountが貯まる","ロードサービスが付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","ja":"年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。"},"url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","sources":["eneos-card-c-product","eneos-card-c-lineup","eneos-card-c-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"gdo-card","name":"GDO Card","reading":"GDOカード（一般）","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"design card","ja":"デザインカード"},"description":{"en":"GDO Card is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns GDO Points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"GDOカード（一般）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は無料。GDO Pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns GDO Points","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","GDO Pointsが貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/gdo/index.html","sources":["gdo-card-product","gdo-card-lineup","gdo-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"gdo-gold-card","name":"GDO Gold Card","reading":"GDOカード（ゴールド）","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold travel card","ja":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"GDO Gold Card is a Gold travel card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥15,746 including tax. It earns GDO Points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"GDOカード（ゴールド）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込15,746円。GDO Pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥15,746 including tax","Earns GDO Points","Airport lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込15,746円","GDO Pointsが貯まる","空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥15,746 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間15,746円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥15,746 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込15,746円。"},"url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/gdo_gold/index.html","sources":["gdo-gold-card-product","gdo-gold-card-lineup","gdo-gold-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"skypass-mufg-card","name":"SKYPASS MUFG Card","reading":"SKYPASS MUFGカード","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"airline mileage card","ja":"航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"SKYPASS MUFG Card is a airline mileage card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Korean Air SKYPASS; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"SKYPASS MUFGカードは、三菱UFJニコスが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込3,300円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Korean Air SKYPASSが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥3,300 including tax","Earns Korean Air SKYPASS","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込3,300円","Korean Air SKYPASSが貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥3,300 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間3,300円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込3,300円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/skypass/index.html","sources":["skypass-mufg-card-product","skypass-mufg-card-lineup","skypass-mufg-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"skypass-mufg-gold","name":"SKYPASS MUFG Gold","reading":"SKYPASS MUFGカード ゴールド","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold airline mileage card","ja":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"SKYPASS MUFG Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns Korean Air SKYPASS; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"SKYPASS MUFGカード ゴールドは、三菱UFJニコスが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。Korean Air SKYPASSが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥11,000 including tax","Earns Korean Air SKYPASS","Airport lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込11,000円","Korean Air SKYPASSが貯まる","空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込11,000円。"},"url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/skypass_gold/index.html","sources":["skypass-mufg-gold-product","skypass-mufg-gold-lineup","skypass-mufg-gold-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex","name":"Miles & More MUFG Platinum Amex","reading":"Miles & More MUFG CARD Platinum American Express","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Platinum airline mileage card","ja":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"Miles & More MUFG Platinum Amex is a Platinum airline mileage card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥30,800 including tax. It earns Miles & More; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"Miles & More MUFG CARD Platinum American Expressは、三菱UFJニコスが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込30,800円。Miles & Moreが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥30,800 including tax","Earns Miles & More","Airport lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込30,800円","Miles & Moreが貯まる","空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥30,800 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間30,800円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥30,800 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込30,800円。"},"url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/amex/apply/miles_more/index.html","sources":["miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex-product","miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex-lineup","miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"mileageplus-mufg-card","name":"MileagePlus MUFG Card","reading":"MileagePlus MUFGカード","provider":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"airline mileage card","ja":"航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"MileagePlus MUFG Card is a airline mileage card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. It earns United MileagePlus; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"MileagePlus MUFGカードは、三菱UFJニコスが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込5,500円。United MileagePlusが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥5,500 including tax","Earns United MileagePlus","Airport lounge benefit stated"],"ja":["年会費 税込5,500円","United MileagePlusが貯まる","空港ラウンジ特典の記載あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,500 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,500円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込5,500円。"},"url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/mileageplus/index.html","sources":["mileageplus-mufg-card-product","mileageplus-mufg-card-lineup","mileageplus-mufg-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"view-card-standard-revo","name":"View Card Standard Revo","reading":"ビューカード スタンダード（リボ）","provider":"Viewcard (JR East)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"rail and transit card","ja":"鉄道・交通系カード"},"description":{"en":"View Card Standard Revo is a rail and transit card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ビューカード スタンダード（リボ）は、ビューカードが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate","Available on Visa, Mastercard and JCB"],"ja":["年会費無料","JRE POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる","国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/en/card/first/rev.html","sources":["view-card-standard-revo-product","view-card-standard-revo-lineup","view-card-standard-revo-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"lumine-card","name":"Lumine Card","reading":"ルミネカード","provider":"Viewcard (JR East)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"rail and transit card","ja":"鉄道・交通系カード"},"description":{"en":"Lumine Card is a rail and transit card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥1,048 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ルミネカードは、ビューカードが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込1,048円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でJRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥1,048 including tax","Earns JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込1,048円","JRE POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,048 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,048円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥1,048 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","ja":"年会費は税込1,048円。初年度無料と案内されている。"},"url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/lumine.html","sources":["lumine-card-product","lumine-card-lineup","lumine-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jal-card-suica-club-a","name":"JAL Card Suica Club-A","reading":"JALカードSuica CLUB-A","provider":"Viewcard (JR East)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Mid tier airline mileage card","ja":"中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"JAL Card Suica Club-A is a Mid tier airline mileage card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns JAL miles / JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"JALカードSuica CLUB-Aは、ビューカードが発行する中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でJAL miles / JRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥11,000 including tax","Earns JAL miles / JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込11,000円","JAL miles / JRE POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込11,000円。"},"url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/jalsuica.html","sources":["jal-card-suica-club-a-product","jal-card-suica-club-a-lineup","jal-card-suica-club-a-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"bic-camera-suica-card","name":"Bic Camera Suica Card","reading":"ビックカメラSuicaカード","provider":"Viewcard (JR East)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"rail and transit card","ja":"鉄道・交通系カード"},"description":{"en":"Bic Camera Suica Card is a rail and transit card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on Visa and JCB. The annual fee is ¥524 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Bic points / JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ビックカメラSuicaカードは、ビューカードが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、JCB）。年会費は税込524円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でBic points / JRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥524 including tax","Earns Bic points / JRE POINT at about 1% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込524円","Bic points / JRE POINTが基本約1%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥524 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間524円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥524 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","ja":"年会費は税込524円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。"},"url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/en/card/first/bic/","sources":["bic-camera-suica-card-product","bic-camera-suica-card-lineup","bic-camera-suica-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle","name":"Otona no Kyujitsu Club Middle","reading":"大人の休日倶楽部ミドルカード","provider":"Viewcard (JR East)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"rail and transit card","ja":"鉄道・交通系カード"},"description":{"en":"Otona no Kyujitsu Club Middle is a rail and transit card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥2,624 including tax. It earns JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"大人の休日倶楽部ミドルカードは、ビューカードが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込2,624円。対象利用でJRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥2,624 including tax","Earns JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込2,624円","JRE POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,624 a year.","Stated eligibility: Age eligibility applies; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,624円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：所定の年齢条件あり。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥2,624 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込2,624円。"},"url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/en/otona/","sources":["otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle-product","otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle-lineup","otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang","name":"Otona no Kyujitsu Club Zipang","reading":"大人の休日倶楽部ジパングカード","provider":"Viewcard (JR East)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"rail and transit card","ja":"鉄道・交通系カード"},"description":{"en":"Otona no Kyujitsu Club Zipang is a rail and transit card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥4,364 including tax. It earns JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"大人の休日倶楽部ジパングカードは、ビューカードが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込4,364円。対象利用でJRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥4,364 including tax","Earns JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込4,364円","JRE POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥4,364 a year.","Stated eligibility: Higher age eligibility applies; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間4,364円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：より高い年齢条件あり。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥4,364 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込4,364円。"},"url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/en/card/first/otokyu.html","sources":["otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang-product","otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang-lineup","otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jal-club-a","name":"JAL CLUB-A Card","reading":"JALカード CLUB-A","provider":"JAL Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Mid tier airline mileage card","ja":"中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"JAL CLUB-A Card is a Mid tier airline mileage card from JAL Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"JALカード CLUB-Aは、JALカードが発行する中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥11,000 including tax","Earns JAL miles at about 0.5% base rate","Enhanced travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込11,000円","JAL milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる","補償を強化した旅行傷害保険"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込11,000円。"},"url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/card/club_a.html","sources":["jal-club-a-product","jal-club-a-lineup","jal-club-a-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jal-diners-card","name":"JAL Diners Card","reading":"JALダイナースカード","provider":"JAL Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold airline mileage card","ja":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"JAL Diners Card is a Gold airline mileage card from JAL Card, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥30,800 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"JALダイナースカードは、JALカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込30,800円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥30,800 including tax","Earns JAL miles at about 1% base rate","Airport lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込30,800円","JAL milesが基本約1%で貯まる","空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥30,800 a year.","Stated eligibility: 27+ guideline / issuer screening; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間30,800円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：目安として満27歳以上・発行会社の審査。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥30,800 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込30,800円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/jaldiners_new.html","sources":["jal-diners-card-product","jal-diners-card-lineup","jal-diners-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jal-card-navi","name":"JAL Card navi","reading":"JALカード navi","provider":"JAL Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"airline mileage card","ja":"航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"JAL Card navi is a airline mileage card from JAL Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"JALカード naviは、JALカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns JAL miles at about 1% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費無料","JAL milesが基本約1%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18–29 student; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18〜29歳の学生。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/card/navi.html","sources":["jal-card-navi-product","jal-card-navi-lineup","jal-card-navi-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jal-club-est-ordinary","name":"JAL Club EST Ordinary","reading":"JAL CLUB EST 普通カード","provider":"JAL Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"airline mileage card","ja":"航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"JAL Club EST Ordinary is a airline mileage card from JAL Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is ¥7,700 including tax. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"JAL CLUB EST 普通カードは、JALカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は税込7,700円。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥7,700 including tax","Earns JAL miles at about 1% base rate","Lounge coupons/benefits subject to terms"],"ja":["年会費 税込7,700円","JAL milesが基本約1%で貯まる","ラウンジクーポン・特典（規定による）"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥7,700 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20–29; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間7,700円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20〜29歳。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥7,700 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込7,700円。"},"url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/card/est.html","sources":["jal-club-est-ordinary-product","jal-club-est-ordinary-lineup","jal-club-est-ordinary-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jal-club-est-gold-platinum","name":"JAL Club EST Gold/Platinum","reading":"JAL CLUB EST CLUB-Aゴールド/プラチナ","provider":"JAL Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold airline mileage card","ja":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"JAL Club EST Gold/Platinum is a Gold airline mileage card from JAL Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB, American Express and Diners Club. The issuer does not publish a single annual fee for this card in the reviewed material. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"JAL CLUB EST CLUB-Aゴールド/プラチナは、JALカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express、Diners Club）。確認した資料では単一の年会費が公表されていない。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee stated on the issuer page","Earns JAL miles at about 1% base rate","Lounge benefits"],"ja":["年会費は発行会社ページに記載","JAL milesが基本約1%で貯まる","ラウンジ特典あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 20–29; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満20〜29歳。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The issuer does not publish a single annual fee for this card in the reviewed material.","ja":"確認した資料では単一の年会費が公表されていない。"},"url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","sources":["jal-club-est-gold-platinum-product","jal-club-est-gold-platinum-lineup","jal-club-est-gold-platinum-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-mastercard-general","name":"ANA Mastercard General","reading":"ANA Mastercard 一般カード","provider":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"airline mileage card","ja":"航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"ANA Mastercard General is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ANA Mastercard 一般カードは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥2,200 including tax","Earns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込2,200円","ANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","ja":"年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。"},"url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","sources":["ana-mastercard-general-product","ana-mastercard-general-lineup","ana-mastercard-general-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-jcb-general","name":"ANA JCB General","reading":"ANA JCB 一般カード","provider":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"airline mileage card","ja":"航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"ANA JCB General is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ANA JCB 一般カードは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥2,200 including tax","Earns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込2,200円","ANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","ja":"年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。"},"url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp1.html/","sources":["ana-jcb-general-product","ana-jcb-general-lineup","ana-jcb-general-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-american-express-card","name":"ANA American Express Card","reading":"ANA アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード","provider":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"airline mileage card","ja":"航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"ANA American Express Card is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥7,700 including tax. It earns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ANA アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込7,700円。対象利用でMembership Rewards / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥7,700 including tax","Earns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at about 1% base rate","Airport lounge benefit"],"ja":["年会費 税込7,700円","Membership Rewards / ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる","空港ラウンジ特典あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥7,700 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間7,700円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥7,700 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込7,700円。"},"url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/ana-classic-card/","sources":["ana-american-express-card-product","ana-american-express-card-lineup","ana-american-express-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb","name":"ANA To Me Card PASMO JCB","reading":"ANA To Me CARD PASMO JCB (ソラチカ一般)","provider":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"airline mileage card","ja":"航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"ANA To Me Card PASMO JCB is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Oki Doki/J-POINT, Metro points, ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ANA To Me CARD PASMO JCB (ソラチカ一般)は、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でOki Doki/J-POINT, Metro points, ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥2,200 including tax","Earns Oki Doki/J-POINT, Metro points, ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込2,200円","Oki Doki/J-POINT, Metro points, ANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","ja":"年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。"},"url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp3.html","sources":["ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-product","ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-lineup","ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard","name":"ANA TOKYU Point ClubQ PASMO Mastercard","reading":"ANA TOKYU POINT ClubQ PASMO Mastercard","provider":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"airline mileage card","ja":"航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"ANA TOKYU Point ClubQ PASMO Mastercard is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns V POINT / TOKYU POINT / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ANA TOKYU POINT ClubQ PASMO Mastercardは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でV POINT / TOKYU POINT / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥2,200 including tax","Earns V POINT / TOKYU POINT / ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込2,200円","V POINT / TOKYU POINT / ANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","ja":"年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。"},"url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/anatopclubq/index.jsp","sources":["ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard-product","ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard-lineup","ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-visa-suica","name":"ANA Visa Suica","reading":"ANA VISA Suicaカード","provider":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"airline mileage card","ja":"航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"ANA Visa Suica is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns V POINT / ANA miles / Suica at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ANA VISA Suicaカードは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でV POINT / ANA miles / Suicaが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥2,200 including tax","Earns V POINT / ANA miles / Suica at about 0.5% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込2,200円","V POINT / ANA miles / Suicaが基本約0.5%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","ja":"年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。"},"url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/anasuica/index.jsp","sources":["ana-visa-suica-product","ana-visa-suica-lineup","ana-visa-suica-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-visa-wide","name":"ANA Visa Wide","reading":"ANA VISAワイドカード","provider":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Mid tier airline mileage card","ja":"中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"ANA Visa Wide is a Mid tier airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ANA VISAワイドカードは、ANAカードが発行する中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込7,975円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥7,975 including tax","Earns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込7,975円","ANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥7,975 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間7,975円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込7,975円。"},"url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","sources":["ana-visa-wide-product","ana-visa-wide-lineup","ana-visa-wide-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-mastercard-wide","name":"ANA Mastercard Wide","reading":"ANA Mastercardワイドカード","provider":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Mid tier airline mileage card","ja":"中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"ANA Mastercard Wide is a Mid tier airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ANA Mastercardワイドカードは、ANAカードが発行する中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込7,975円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥7,975 including tax","Earns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込7,975円","ANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥7,975 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間7,975円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込7,975円。"},"url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","sources":["ana-mastercard-wide-product","ana-mastercard-wide-lineup","ana-mastercard-wide-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-jcb-wide","name":"ANA JCB Wide","reading":"ANA JCBワイドカード","provider":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Mid tier airline mileage card","ja":"中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"ANA JCB Wide is a Mid tier airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ANA JCBワイドカードは、ANAカードが発行する中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込7,975円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥7,975 including tax","Earns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込7,975円","ANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥7,975 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間7,975円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込7,975円。"},"url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp1.html","sources":["ana-jcb-wide-product","ana-jcb-wide-lineup","ana-jcb-wide-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-mastercard-wide-gold","name":"ANA Mastercard Wide Gold","reading":"ANA Mastercard ワイドゴールドカード","provider":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold airline mileage card","ja":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"ANA Mastercard Wide Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ANA Mastercard ワイドゴールドカードは、ANAカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込15,400円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥15,400 including tax","Earns ANA miles at about 1% base rate","Domestic lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込15,400円","ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる","国内空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥15,400 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間15,400円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込15,400円。"},"url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","sources":["ana-mastercard-wide-gold-product","ana-mastercard-wide-gold-lineup","ana-mastercard-wide-gold-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-jcb-wide-gold","name":"ANA JCB Wide Gold","reading":"ANA JCBワイドゴールドカード","provider":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold airline mileage card","ja":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"ANA JCB Wide Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ANA JCBワイドゴールドカードは、ANAカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込15,400円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥15,400 including tax","Earns ANA miles at about 1% base rate","Domestic lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込15,400円","ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる","国内空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥15,400 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間15,400円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込15,400円。"},"url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp1.html","sources":["ana-jcb-wide-gold-product","ana-jcb-wide-gold-lineup","ana-jcb-wide-gold-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-amex-gold","name":"ANA Amex Gold","reading":"ANA アメリカン・エキスプレス・ゴールド・カード","provider":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold airline mileage card","ja":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"ANA Amex Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥34,100 including tax. It earns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ANA アメリカン・エキスプレス・ゴールド・カードは、ANAカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込34,100円。対象利用でMembership Rewards / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥34,100 including tax","Earns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at about 1% base rate","Airport lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込34,100円","Membership Rewards / ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる","空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥34,100 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間34,100円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥34,100 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込34,100円。"},"url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/ana-gold-card/","sources":["ana-amex-gold-product","ana-amex-gold-lineup","ana-amex-gold-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-diners-card","name":"ANA Diners Card","reading":"ANAダイナースカード","provider":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold airline mileage card","ja":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"ANA Diners Card is a Gold airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ANAダイナースカードは、ANAカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥29,700 including tax","Earns ANA miles at about 1% base rate","Airport lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込29,700円","ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる","空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥29,700 a year.","Stated eligibility: 27+ guideline / issuer screening; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間29,700円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：目安として満27歳以上・発行会社の審査。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/anadiners_new.html","sources":["ana-diners-card-product","ana-diners-card-lineup","ana-diners-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-jcb-zero","name":"ANA JCB Zero","reading":"ANA JCBカード ZERO","provider":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"airline mileage card","ja":"航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"ANA JCB Zero is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Recorded from the issuer's official lineup on 2026-08-13; the card is no longer open to new applications.","ja":"ANA JCBカード ZEROは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点の発行会社の公式ラインアップに基づく記録。新規申込は受け付けていない。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate","Available on JCB"],"ja":["年会費無料","ANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる","国際ブランド：JCB"]},"considerations":{"en":["ANA no longer accepts new applications for this card. The details below describe the card as it was last recorded, for existing cardholders.","Stated eligibility: 18–29; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["ANAは本カードの新規申込受付を終了している。以下は最終確認時点の内容で、既存会員向けの記録として残している。","申込条件：満18〜29歳。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":null,"sources":["ana-jcb-zero-lineup","ana-jcb-zero-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-visa-platinum-premium","name":"ANA Visa Platinum Premium","reading":"ANA VISAプラチナ プレミアムカード","provider":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Platinum airline mileage card","ja":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"ANA Visa Platinum Premium is a Platinum airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥88,000 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ANA VISAプラチナ プレミアムカードは、ANAカードが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込88,000円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥88,000 including tax","Earns ANA miles at about 1.5% base rate","Priority Pass/concierge"],"ja":["年会費 税込88,000円","ANA milesが基本約1.5%で貯まる","プライオリティ・パスとコンシェルジュ"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥88,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: 30+ guideline / screening; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間88,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：目安として満30歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥88,000 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込88,000円。"},"url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/platinum/brand/index_ana.jsp","sources":["ana-visa-platinum-premium-product","ana-visa-platinum-premium-lineup","ana-visa-platinum-premium-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-jcb-premium","name":"ANA JCB Premium","reading":"ANA JCBカード プレミアム","provider":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Platinum airline mileage card","ja":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"ANA JCB Premium is a Platinum airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥77,000 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ANA JCBカード プレミアムは、ANAカードが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込77,000円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥77,000 including tax","Earns ANA miles at about 1% base rate","Priority Pass/concierge"],"ja":["年会費 税込77,000円","ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる","プライオリティ・パスとコンシェルジュ"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥77,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: 30+ guideline / screening; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間77,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：目安として満30歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥77,000 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込77,000円。"},"url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp1.html","sources":["ana-jcb-premium-product","ana-jcb-premium-lineup","ana-jcb-premium-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-amex-premium","name":"ANA Amex Premium","reading":"ANA アメリカン・エキスプレス・プレミアム・カード","provider":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Platinum airline mileage card","ja":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"ANA Amex Premium is a Platinum airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥165,000 including tax. It earns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ANA アメリカン・エキスプレス・プレミアム・カードは、ANAカードが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込165,000円。対象利用でMembership Rewards / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥165,000 including tax","Earns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at about 1% base rate","Premium lounge/concierge"],"ja":["年会費 税込165,000円","Membership Rewards / ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる","プレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥165,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: Invitation/screening; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間165,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：インビテーションおよび所定の審査。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥165,000 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込165,000円。"},"url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/ana-premium-card/","sources":["ana-amex-premium-product","ana-amex-premium-lineup","ana-amex-premium-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-diners-premium","name":"ANA Diners Premium","reading":"ANAダイナース プレミアムカード","provider":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Platinum airline mileage card","ja":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"ANA Diners Premium is a Platinum airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥170,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns ANA miles; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ANAダイナース プレミアムカードは、ANAカードが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込170,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。ANA milesが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥170,500 including tax","Earns ANA miles","Premium lounges/concierge"],"ja":["年会費 税込170,500円","ANA milesが貯まる","プレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ"]},"considerations":{"en":["Availability: invitation only.","The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥170,500 a year."],"ja":["申込状況：インビテーション制。","年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間170,500円を上回るか確認したい。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥170,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込170,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/anadiners_premium.html","sources":["ana-diners-premium-product","ana-diners-premium-lineup","ana-diners-premium-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"diners-club-business-card","name":"Diners Club Business Card","reading":"ダイナースクラブ ビジネスカード","provider":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Premium business card","ja":"プレミアムランクのビジネスカード"},"description":{"en":"Diners Club Business Card is a Premium business card from Diners Club, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Diners Club Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ダイナースクラブ ビジネスカードは、ダイナースクラブが発行するプレミアムランクのビジネスカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Diners Club Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥29,700 including tax","Earns Diners Club Rewards","Airport lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込29,700円","Diners Club Rewardsが貯まる","空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥29,700 a year.","Stated eligibility: Business owners; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間29,700円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：事業主向け。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/corporate/cardlineup/business.html","sources":["diners-club-business-card-product","diners-club-business-card-lineup","diners-club-business-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ginza-diners-club-card","name":"Ginza Diners Club Card","reading":"銀座ダイナースクラブカード","provider":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Premium everyday card","ja":"プレミアムランクの日常使いのカード"},"description":{"en":"Ginza Diners Club Card is a Premium everyday card from Diners Club, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Diners Club Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"銀座ダイナースクラブカードは、ダイナースクラブが発行するプレミアムランクの日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込33,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Diners Club Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥33,000 including tax","Earns Diners Club Rewards","Airport lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込33,000円","Diners Club Rewardsが貯まる","空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥33,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: Issuer screening; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間33,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：発行会社の審査。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込33,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/ginzadiners.html","sources":["ginza-diners-club-card-product","ginza-diners-club-card-lineup","ginza-diners-club-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"bmw-diners-card","name":"BMW Diners Card","reading":"BMW ダイナースカード","provider":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Premium fuel card","ja":"プレミアムランクの給油系カード"},"description":{"en":"BMW Diners Card is a Premium fuel card from Diners Club, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Diners Club Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"BMW ダイナースカードは、ダイナースクラブが発行するプレミアムランクの給油系カード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Diners Club Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥29,700 including tax","Earns Diners Club Rewards","Airport lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込29,700円","Diners Club Rewardsが貯まる","空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥29,700 a year.","Stated eligibility: Issuer screening; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間29,700円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：発行会社の審査。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/bmwdiners.html","sources":["bmw-diners-card-product","bmw-diners-card-lineup","bmw-diners-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"new-otani-club-diners","name":"New Otani Club Diners","reading":"ニューオータニクラブ ダイナースカード","provider":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Premium travel card","ja":"プレミアムランクの旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"New Otani Club Diners is a Premium travel card from Diners Club, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Diners Club Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ニューオータニクラブ ダイナースカードは、ダイナースクラブが発行するプレミアムランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Diners Club Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥29,700 including tax","Earns Diners Club Rewards","Airport lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込29,700円","Diners Club Rewardsが貯まる","空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥29,700 a year.","Stated eligibility: Issuer screening / club conditions; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間29,700円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：発行会社の審査・クラブ所定の条件。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/newotaniclubdiners.html","sources":["new-otani-club-diners-product","new-otani-club-diners-lineup","new-otani-club-diners-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"luxury-card-black-diamond","name":"Luxury Card Black Diamond","reading":"Mastercard Black Diamond","provider":"Luxury Card (Aplus)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Black / invitation premium card","ja":"ブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード"},"description":{"en":"Luxury Card Black Diamond is a Black / invitation premium card from Luxury Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥660,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Luxury Card Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"Mastercard Black Diamondは、ラグジュアリーカードが発行するブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込660,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Luxury Card Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥660,000 including tax","Earns Luxury Card Rewards","Premium lounges/concierge"],"ja":["年会費 税込660,000円","Luxury Card Rewardsが貯まる","プレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ"]},"considerations":{"en":["Availability: invitation only.","The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥660,000 a year."],"ja":["申込状況：インビテーション制。","年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間660,000円を上回るか確認したい。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥660,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込660,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/blackdiamond/","sources":["luxury-card-black-diamond-product","luxury-card-black-diamond-lineup","luxury-card-black-diamond-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jal-luxury-card","name":"JAL Luxury Card","reading":"JAL Luxury Card","provider":"Luxury Card (Aplus)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Black / invitation airline mileage card","ja":"ブラック・招待制ランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"JAL Luxury Card is a Black / invitation airline mileage card from Luxury Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥242,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns JAL miles / Luxury Card rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"JAL Luxury Cardは、ラグジュアリーカードが発行するブラック・招待制ランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込242,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。JAL miles / Luxury Card rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥242,000 including tax","Earns JAL miles / Luxury Card rewards","Premium lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込242,000円","JAL miles / Luxury Card rewardsが貯まる","プレミアムラウンジ"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥242,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間242,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥242,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込242,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jal-luxury-card/","sources":["jal-luxury-card-product","jal-luxury-card-lineup","jal-luxury-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jal-luxury-card-limited","name":"JAL Luxury Card Limited","reading":"JAL Luxury Card Limited","provider":"Luxury Card (Aplus)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold airline mileage card","ja":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"JAL Luxury Card Limited is a Gold airline mileage card from Luxury Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥599,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns JAL miles / Luxury Card rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"JAL Luxury Card Limitedは、ラグジュアリーカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込599,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。JAL miles / Luxury Card rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥599,500 including tax","Earns JAL miles / Luxury Card rewards","Premium lounges/concierge"],"ja":["年会費 税込599,500円","JAL miles / Luxury Card rewardsが貯まる","プレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ"]},"considerations":{"en":["Availability: limited issue — verify availability.","The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥599,500 a year."],"ja":["申込状況：限定発行（提供状況を要確認）。","年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間599,500円を上回るか確認したい。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥599,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込599,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jal-luxury-card/","sources":["jal-luxury-card-limited-product","jal-luxury-card-limited-lineup","jal-luxury-card-limited-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"smbc-visa-infinite","name":"SMBC Visa Infinite","reading":"三井住友カード Visa Infinite","provider":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Black / invitation premium card","ja":"ブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード"},"description":{"en":"SMBC Visa Infinite is a Black / invitation premium card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥99,000 including tax. It earns V POINT; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"三井住友カード Visa Infiniteは、三井住友カードが発行するブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込99,000円。V POINTが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥99,000 including tax","Earns V POINT","Premium lounge/concierge"],"ja":["年会費 税込99,000円","V POINTが貯まる","プレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥99,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: Issuer screening; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間99,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：発行会社の審査。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥99,000 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込99,000円。"},"url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/infinite.jsp","sources":["smbc-visa-infinite-product","smbc-visa-infinite-lineup","smbc-visa-infinite-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred","name":"Olive Flexible Pay Platinum Preferred","reading":"Olive フレキシブルペイ プラチナプリファード","provider":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Platinum points card","ja":"プラチナランクのポイント還元カード"},"description":{"en":"Olive Flexible Pay Platinum Preferred is a Platinum points card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. It earns V POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"Olive フレキシブルペイ プラチナプリファードは、三井住友カードが発行するプラチナランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込33,000円。対象利用でV POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥33,000 including tax","Earns V POINT at about 1% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込33,000円","V POINTが基本約1%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥33,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: Requires Olive account and credit approval; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間33,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：Oliveアカウントの契約と審査が必要。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込33,000円。"},"url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive-account/platinum-preferred/","sources":["olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred-product","olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred-lineup","olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-visa-general-smbc","name":"ANA Visa General (SMBC)","reading":"ANA VISA 一般カード","provider":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"airline mileage card","ja":"航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"ANA Visa General (SMBC) is a airline mileage card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns V POINT / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ANA VISA 一般カードは、三井住友カードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でV POINT / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥2,200 including tax","Earns V POINT / ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込2,200円","V POINT / ANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","ja":"年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。"},"url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","sources":["ana-visa-general-smbc-product","ana-visa-general-smbc-lineup","ana-visa-general-smbc-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"visa-line-pay-credit-card-p","name":"Visa LINE Pay Credit Card P+","reading":"Visa LINE Pay クレジットカード (P+)","provider":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"telecom and mobile-payment card","ja":"通信・スマホ決済カード"},"description":{"en":"Visa LINE Pay Credit Card P+ is a telecom and mobile-payment card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns LINE Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"Visa LINE Pay クレジットカード (P+)は、三井住友カードが発行する通信・スマホ決済カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でLINE Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns LINE Points at about 0.5% base rate","Available on Visa"],"ja":["年会費無料","LINE Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","国際ブランド：Visa"]},"considerations":{"en":["Availability: may be closed to new applications.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["申込状況：受付終了の可能性あり。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"http://smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/lpay/index2.jsp","sources":["visa-line-pay-credit-card-p-product","visa-line-pay-credit-card-p-lineup","visa-line-pay-credit-card-p-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"rakuten-bank-card","name":"Rakuten Bank Card","reading":"楽天銀行カード","provider":"Rakuten Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"bank-linked card","ja":"銀行一体型カード"},"description":{"en":"Rakuten Bank Card is a bank-linked card from Rakuten Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"楽天銀行カードは、楽天カードが発行する銀行一体型カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費無料","Rakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; Rakuten Bank account; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上・楽天銀行口座が必要。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/card/rc/","sources":["rakuten-bank-card-product","rakuten-bank-card-lineup","rakuten-bank-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card","name":"Rakuten ANA Mileage Club Card","reading":"楽天ANAマイレージクラブカード","provider":"Rakuten Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"airline mileage card","ja":"航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"Rakuten ANA Mileage Club Card is a airline mileage card from Rakuten Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Rakuten Points or ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"楽天ANAマイレージクラブカードは、楽天カードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でRakuten Points or ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥550 including tax","Earns Rakuten Points or ANA miles at about 1% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込550円","Rakuten Points or ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥550 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間550円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","ja":"年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。"},"url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-amc-card/","sources":["rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card-product","rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card-lineup","rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"rakuten-card-academy","name":"Rakuten Card Academy","reading":"楽天カード アカデミー","provider":"Rakuten Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"student card","ja":"学生向けカード"},"description":{"en":"Rakuten Card Academy is a student card from Rakuten Card, issued on Visa and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"楽天カード アカデミーは、楽天カードが発行する学生向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費無料","Rakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18–28 student; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18〜28歳の学生。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-card-academy/","sources":["rakuten-card-academy-product","rakuten-card-academy-lineup","rakuten-card-academy-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"alpen-group-rakuten-card","name":"Alpen Group Rakuten Card","reading":"アルペングループ 楽天カード","provider":"Rakuten Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"Alpen Group Rakuten Card is a retail card from Rakuten Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points / Alpen points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"アルペングループ 楽天カードは、楽天カードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Points / Alpen pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Rakuten Points / Alpen points at about 1% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費無料","Rakuten Points / Alpen pointsが基本約1%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/alpen-rakuten-card/","sources":["alpen-group-rakuten-card-product","alpen-group-rakuten-card-lineup","alpen-group-rakuten-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"mizuho-rakuten-card","name":"Mizuho Rakuten Card","reading":"みずほ楽天カード","provider":"Rakuten Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"bank-linked card","ja":"銀行一体型カード"},"description":{"en":"Mizuho Rakuten Card is a bank-linked card from Rakuten Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"みずほ楽天カードは、楽天カードが発行する銀行一体型カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費無料","Rakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; Mizuho account conditions; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上・みずほ銀行口座に関する条件あり。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/mizuho-rakuten-card/","sources":["mizuho-rakuten-card-product","mizuho-rakuten-card-lineup","mizuho-rakuten-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"hirogin-rakuten-card","name":"Hirogin Rakuten Card","reading":"ひろぎん楽天カード","provider":"Rakuten Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"bank-linked card","ja":"銀行一体型カード"},"description":{"en":"Hirogin Rakuten Card is a bank-linked card from Rakuten Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ひろぎん楽天カードは、楽天カードが発行する銀行一体型カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費無料","Rakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; regional bank conditions; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上・地方銀行所定の条件あり。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/hirogin-rakuten-card/","sources":["hirogin-rakuten-card-product","hirogin-rakuten-card-lineup","hirogin-rakuten-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"rakuten-card-my-color-selection","name":"Rakuten Card My Color Selection","reading":"楽天カード マイカラーセレクション","provider":"Rakuten Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"design card","ja":"デザインカード"},"description":{"en":"Rakuten Card My Color Selection is a design card from Rakuten Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"楽天カード マイカラーセレクションは、楽天カードが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費無料","Rakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/design-card/","sources":["rakuten-card-my-color-selection-product","rakuten-card-my-color-selection-lineup","rakuten-card-my-color-selection-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"rakuten-card-disney-design","name":"Rakuten Card Disney Design","reading":"楽天カード ディズニーデザイン","provider":"Rakuten Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"design card","ja":"デザインカード"},"description":{"en":"Rakuten Card Disney Design is a design card from Rakuten Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"楽天カード ディズニーデザインは、楽天カードが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費無料","Rakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/design-card/","sources":["rakuten-card-disney-design-product","rakuten-card-disney-design-lineup","rakuten-card-disney-design-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"rakuten-card-sanrio-designs","name":"Rakuten Card Sanrio Designs","reading":"楽天カード サンリオデザイン","provider":"Rakuten Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"design card","ja":"デザインカード"},"description":{"en":"Rakuten Card Sanrio Designs is a design card from Rakuten Card, issued on Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"楽天カード サンリオデザインは、楽天カードが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費無料","Rakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/design-card/","sources":["rakuten-card-sanrio-designs-product","rakuten-card-sanrio-designs-lineup","rakuten-card-sanrio-designs-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jq-card-epos-gold","name":"JQ Card Epos Gold","reading":"JQ CARD エポスゴールド","provider":"Marui (Epos)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold points card","ja":"ゴールドランクのポイント還元カード"},"description":{"en":"JQ Card Epos Gold is a Gold points card from Epos Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥5,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Epos Points / JR Kyushu Q points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"JQ CARD エポスゴールドは、エポスカードが発行するゴールドランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込5,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でEpos Points / JR Kyushu Q pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥5,000 including tax","Earns Epos Points / JR Kyushu Q points at about 0.5% base rate","Domestic lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込5,000円","Epos Points / JR Kyushu Q pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","国内空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+ / conditions; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の条件。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥5,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","ja":"年会費は税込5,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。"},"url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/collabo/jq/index.html","sources":["jq-card-epos-gold-product","jq-card-epos-gold-lineup","jq-card-epos-gold-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"mga-epos-card","name":"MGA Epos Card","reading":"MGAエポスカード","provider":"Marui (Epos)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"design card","ja":"デザインカード"},"description":{"en":"MGA Epos Card is a design card from Epos Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Epos Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"MGAエポスカードは、エポスカードが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でEpos Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Epos Points at about 0.5% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費無料","Epos Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/gecard/ec00007/index.html","sources":["mga-epos-card-product","mga-epos-card-lineup","mga-epos-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"chiikawa-epos-card","name":"Chiikawa Epos Card","reading":"ちいかわエポスカード","provider":"Marui (Epos)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"design card","ja":"デザインカード"},"description":{"en":"Chiikawa Epos Card is a design card from Epos Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Epos Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ちいかわエポスカードは、エポスカードが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でEpos Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Epos Points at about 0.5% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費無料","Epos Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/gecard/chiikawa/index.html","sources":["chiikawa-epos-card-product","chiikawa-epos-card-lineup","chiikawa-epos-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"sumikko-gurashi-epos-card","name":"Sumikko Gurashi Epos Card","reading":"すみっコぐらしエポスカード","provider":"Marui (Epos)","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"design card","ja":"デザインカード"},"description":{"en":"Sumikko Gurashi Epos Card is a design card from Epos Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Epos Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"すみっコぐらしエポスカードは、エポスカードが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でEpos Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Epos Points at about 0.5% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費無料","Epos Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/gecard/sumikko/","sources":["sumikko-gurashi-epos-card-product","sumikko-gurashi-epos-card-lineup","sumikko-gurashi-epos-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"american-express-centurion","name":"American Express Centurion","reading":"センチュリオン・カード","provider":"American Express International","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Black / invitation premium card","ja":"ブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード"},"description":{"en":"American Express Centurion is a Black / invitation premium card from American Express, issued on American Express. The issuer does not publish a single annual fee for this card in the reviewed material. It earns Membership Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"センチュリオン・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。確認した資料では単一の年会費が公表されていない。Membership Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee stated on the issuer page","Earns Membership Rewards","Premium lounges/concierge"],"ja":["年会費は発行会社ページに記載","Membership Rewardsが貯まる","プレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ"]},"considerations":{"en":["Availability: invitation only.","Stated eligibility: Invitation; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["申込状況：インビテーション制。","申込条件：インビテーション制。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The issuer does not publish a single annual fee for this card in the reviewed material.","ja":"確認した資料では単一の年会費が公表されていない。"},"url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/benefits/centurion/","sources":["american-express-centurion-product","american-express-centurion-lineup","american-express-centurion-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"marriott-bonvoy-amex","name":"Marriott Bonvoy Amex","reading":"Marriott Bonvoy アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード","provider":"American Express International","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"travel card","ja":"旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"Marriott Bonvoy Amex is a travel card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥34,100 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Marriott Bonvoy points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"Marriott Bonvoy アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行する旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込34,100円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Marriott Bonvoy pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥34,100 including tax","Earns Marriott Bonvoy points","Hotel benefits"],"ja":["年会費 税込34,100円","Marriott Bonvoy pointsが貯まる","ホテル特典あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥34,100 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間34,100円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥34,100 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込34,100円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/marriott-bonvoy-card/","sources":["marriott-bonvoy-amex-product","marriott-bonvoy-amex-lineup","marriott-bonvoy-amex-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium","name":"Marriott Bonvoy Amex Premium","reading":"Marriott Bonvoy アメリカン・エキスプレス・プレミアム・カード","provider":"American Express International","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Premium travel card","ja":"プレミアムランクの旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"Marriott Bonvoy Amex Premium is a Premium travel card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥82,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Marriott Bonvoy points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"Marriott Bonvoy アメリカン・エキスプレス・プレミアム・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するプレミアムランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込82,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Marriott Bonvoy pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥82,500 including tax","Earns Marriott Bonvoy points","Hotel benefits"],"ja":["年会費 税込82,500円","Marriott Bonvoy pointsが貯まる","ホテル特典あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥82,500 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間82,500円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥82,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込82,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/marriott-bonvoy-premium/","sources":["marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium-product","marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium-lineup","marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"hilton-honors-amex","name":"Hilton Honors Amex","reading":"ヒルトン・オナーズ アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード","provider":"American Express International","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"travel card","ja":"旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"Hilton Honors Amex is a travel card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Hilton Honors points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ヒルトン・オナーズ アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行する旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込16,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Hilton Honors pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥16,500 including tax","Earns Hilton Honors points","Hotel benefits"],"ja":["年会費 税込16,500円","Hilton Honors pointsが貯まる","ホテル特典あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥16,500 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間16,500円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込16,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/hilton-classic-card/","sources":["hilton-honors-amex-product","hilton-honors-amex-lineup","hilton-honors-amex-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"hilton-honors-amex-premium","name":"Hilton Honors Amex Premium","reading":"ヒルトン・オナーズ アメリカン・エキスプレス・プレミアム・カード","provider":"American Express International","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Premium travel card","ja":"プレミアムランクの旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"Hilton Honors Amex Premium is a Premium travel card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥66,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Hilton Honors points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ヒルトン・オナーズ アメリカン・エキスプレス・プレミアム・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するプレミアムランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込66,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Hilton Honors pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥66,000 including tax","Earns Hilton Honors points","Hotel benefits"],"ja":["年会費 税込66,000円","Hilton Honors pointsが貯まる","ホテル特典あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥66,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間66,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥66,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込66,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/hilton-premium-card/","sources":["hilton-honors-amex-premium-product","hilton-honors-amex-premium-lineup","hilton-honors-amex-premium-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"delta-skymiles-amex","name":"Delta SkyMiles Amex","reading":"デルタ スカイマイル アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード","provider":"American Express International","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"airline mileage card","ja":"航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"Delta SkyMiles Amex is a airline mileage card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥13,200 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Delta SkyMiles; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"デルタ スカイマイル アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込13,200円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Delta SkyMilesが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥13,200 including tax","Earns Delta SkyMiles","Airport lounge benefit"],"ja":["年会費 税込13,200円","Delta SkyMilesが貯まる","空港ラウンジ特典あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥13,200 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間13,200円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥13,200 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込13,200円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/delta-card/","sources":["delta-skymiles-amex-product","delta-skymiles-amex-lineup","delta-skymiles-amex-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"delta-skymiles-amex-gold","name":"Delta SkyMiles Amex Gold","reading":"デルタ スカイマイル アメリカン・エキスプレス・ゴールド・カード","provider":"American Express International","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold airline mileage card","ja":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"Delta SkyMiles Amex Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥28,600 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Delta SkyMiles; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"デルタ スカイマイル アメリカン・エキスプレス・ゴールド・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込28,600円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Delta SkyMilesが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥28,600 including tax","Earns Delta SkyMiles","Airport lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込28,600円","Delta SkyMilesが貯まる","空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥28,600 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間28,600円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥28,600 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込28,600円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/delta-gold-card/","sources":["delta-skymiles-amex-gold-product","delta-skymiles-amex-gold-lineup","delta-skymiles-amex-gold-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"persona-stacia-amex","name":"Persona STACIA Amex","reading":"ペルソナSTACIA アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード","provider":"American Express International","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"rail and transit card","ja":"鉄道・交通系カード"},"description":{"en":"Persona STACIA Amex is a rail and transit card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns S Points / Membership Rewards-like program; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ペルソナSTACIA アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込15,400円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。S Points / Membership Rewards-like programが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥15,400 including tax","Earns S Points / Membership Rewards-like program","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込15,400円","S Points / Membership Rewards-like programが貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥15,400 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間15,400円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込15,400円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/benefits/persona-stacia-american-express-card/","sources":["persona-stacia-amex-product","persona-stacia-amex-lineup","persona-stacia-amex-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"amex-business-green","name":"Amex Business Green","reading":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・ビジネス・グリーン・カード","provider":"American Express International","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"business card","ja":"ビジネスカード"},"description":{"en":"Amex Business Green is a business card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥13,200 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Membership Rewards at a published base rate of about 0.3% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・ビジネス・グリーン・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するビジネスカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込13,200円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でMembership Rewardsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.3%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥13,200 including tax","Earns Membership Rewards at about 0.3% base rate","Airport lounge benefit"],"ja":["年会費 税込13,200円","Membership Rewardsが基本約0.3%で貯まる","空港ラウンジ特典あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥13,200 a year.","Stated eligibility: Business owners / corporations; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間13,200円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：法人・個人事業主向け。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥13,200 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込13,200円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/green-business-corp-card/","sources":["amex-business-green-product","amex-business-green-lineup","amex-business-green-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"amex-business-gold","name":"Amex Business Gold","reading":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・ビジネス・ゴールド・カード","provider":"American Express International","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold business card","ja":"ゴールドランクのビジネスカード"},"description":{"en":"Amex Business Gold is a Gold business card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥49,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Membership Rewards at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・ビジネス・ゴールド・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するゴールドランクのビジネスカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込49,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でMembership Rewardsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥49,500 including tax","Earns Membership Rewards at about 1% base rate","Airport lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込49,500円","Membership Rewardsが基本約1%で貯まる","空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥49,500 a year.","Stated eligibility: Business owners / corporations; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間49,500円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：法人・個人事業主向け。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥49,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込49,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/gold-business-corp-card/","sources":["amex-business-gold-product","amex-business-gold-lineup","amex-business-gold-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"amex-business-platinum","name":"Amex Business Platinum","reading":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・ビジネス・プラチナ・カード","provider":"American Express International","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Platinum business card","ja":"プラチナランクのビジネスカード"},"description":{"en":"Amex Business Platinum is a Platinum business card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥165,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Membership Rewards at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・ビジネス・プラチナ・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するプラチナランクのビジネスカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込165,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でMembership Rewardsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥165,000 including tax","Earns Membership Rewards at about 1% base rate","Global lounge collection/concierge"],"ja":["年会費 税込165,000円","Membership Rewardsが基本約1%で貯まる","グローバル・ラウンジ・コレクションとコンシェルジュ"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥165,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: Business owners / corporations; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間165,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：法人・個人事業主向け。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥165,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込165,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/platinum-business-corp-card/","sources":["amex-business-platinum-product","amex-business-platinum-lineup","amex-business-platinum-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"life-card","name":"Life Card","reading":"ライフカード","provider":"Life Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"everyday card","ja":"日常使いのカード"},"description":{"en":"Life Card is a everyday card from Life Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns LIFE Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ライフカードは、ライフカードが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でLIFE Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns LIFE Points at about 0.5% base rate","Travel cover not on basic card"],"ja":["年会費無料","LIFE Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","基本カードには旅行補償なし"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: Japan resident 18+ reachable by phone; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：日本在住の満18歳以上で電話連絡が可能な方。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/lifecard/","sources":["life-card-product","life-card-lineup","life-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"life-card-for-students","name":"Life Card for Students","reading":"学生専用ライフカード","provider":"Life Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"student card","ja":"学生向けカード"},"description":{"en":"Life Card for Students is a student card from Life Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns LIFE Points / cashback at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"学生専用ライフカードは、ライフカードが発行する学生向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でLIFE Points / cashbackが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns LIFE Points / cashback at about 0.5% base rate","Overseas travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費無料","LIFE Points / cashbackが基本約0.5%で貯まる","海外旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18–25 student; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18〜25歳の学生。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/std/","sources":["life-card-for-students-product","life-card-for-students-lineup","life-card-for-students-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"life-card-gold","name":"Life Card Gold","reading":"ライフカードゴールド","provider":"Life Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold travel card","ja":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"Life Card Gold is a Gold travel card from Life Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns LIFE Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ライフカードゴールドは、ライフカードが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でLIFE Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥11,000 including tax","Earns LIFE Points at about 0.5% base rate","Airport lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込11,000円","LIFE Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: 23+ with stable income guideline; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：目安として満23歳以上・安定した収入。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","ja":"年会費は税込11,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。"},"url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/gold/","sources":["life-card-gold-product","life-card-gold-lineup","life-card-gold-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"deposit-life-card","name":"Deposit Life Card","reading":"デポジット型ライフカード","provider":"Life Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"everyday card","ja":"日常使いのカード"},"description":{"en":"Deposit Life Card is a everyday card from Life Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. It earns LIFE Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"デポジット型ライフカードは、ライフカードが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込5,500円。対象利用でLIFE Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥5,500 including tax","Earns LIFE Points at about 0.5% base rate","ETC availability depends on tier"],"ja":["年会費 税込5,500円","LIFE Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","ETCカードの可否はランクにより異なる"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,500 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+; deposit and screening; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,500円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上・デポジットと審査。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込5,500円。"},"url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/dp/","sources":["deposit-life-card-product","deposit-life-card-lineup","deposit-life-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated","name":"Seven Card Plus nanaco Integrated","reading":"セブンカード・プラス（nanaco一体型）","provider":"Seven Card Service","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"Seven Card Plus nanaco Integrated is a retail card from Seven Card Service, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns nanaco points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"セブンカード・プラス（nanaco一体型）は、セブン・カードサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でnanaco pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns nanaco points at about 0.5% base rate","Shopping protection"],"ja":["年会費無料","nanaco pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","ショッピング保険"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.7card.co.jp/card/index.html","sources":["seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated-product","seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated-lineup","seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked","name":"Seven Card Plus nanaco Linked","reading":"セブンカード・プラス（nanaco紐付型）","provider":"Seven Card Service","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"Seven Card Plus nanaco Linked is a retail card from Seven Card Service, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns nanaco points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"セブンカード・プラス（nanaco紐付型）は、セブン・カードサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でnanaco pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns nanaco points at about 0.5% base rate","Shopping protection"],"ja":["年会費無料","nanaco pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","ショッピング保険"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.7card.co.jp/card/index.html","sources":["seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked-product","seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked-lineup","seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"recruit-card","name":"Recruit Card","reading":"リクルートカード","provider":"Recruit","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"points card","ja":"ポイント還元カード"},"description":{"en":"Recruit Card is a points card from Recruit, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Recruit Points / Ponta / d POINT at a published base rate of about 1.2% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"リクルートカードは、リクルートが発行するポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRecruit Points / Ponta / d POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.2%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Recruit Points / Ponta / d POINT at about 1.2% base rate","Travel insurance subject to use"],"ja":["年会費無料","Recruit Points / Ponta / d POINTが基本約1.2%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険（利用条件付き）"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://recruit-card.jp/","sources":["recruit-card-product","recruit-card-lineup","recruit-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"mercard","name":"Mercard","reading":"メルカード","provider":"Mercari / Merpay","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"Mercard is a retail card from Mercari / Merpay, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Mercari Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"メルカードは、メルカリ／メルペイが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でMercari Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Mercari Points at about 1% base rate","No family/ETC"],"ja":["年会費無料","Mercari Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードの設定なし"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; Mercari account; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上・メルカリアカウントが必要。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.merpay.com/mercard/standard/","sources":["mercard-product","mercard-lineup","mercard-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"mercard-gold","name":"Mercard Gold","reading":"メルカード ゴールド","provider":"Mercari / Merpay","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold retail card","ja":"ゴールドランクの小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"Mercard Gold is a Gold retail card from Mercari / Merpay, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥5,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Mercari Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"メルカード ゴールドは、メルカリ／メルペイが発行するゴールドランクの小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込5,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でMercari Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥5,000 including tax","Earns Mercari Points at about 1% base rate","No family card; verify ETC"],"ja":["年会費 税込5,000円","Mercari Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる","家族カードなし。ETCカードは要確認"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; Mercari account / screening; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上・メルカリアカウントおよび所定の審査。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥5,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","ja":"年会費は税込5,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。"},"url":"https://www.merpay.com/mercard/gold/","sources":["mercard-gold-product","mercard-gold-lineup","mercard-gold-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"gold-point-card-plus","name":"Gold Point Card Plus","reading":"ゴールドポイントカード・プラス","provider":"Yodobashi Gold Point Marketing","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"Gold Point Card Plus is a retail card from Yodobashi Gold Point Marketing, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Yodobashi Gold Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ゴールドポイントカード・プラスは、ゴールドポイントマーケティングが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でYodobashi Gold Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Yodobashi Gold Points at about 1% base rate","Purchase protection"],"ja":["年会費無料","Yodobashi Gold Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる","ショッピング保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.goldpoint.co.jp/card/","sources":["gold-point-card-plus-product","gold-point-card-plus-lineup","gold-point-card-plus-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo","name":"Tokyu Card ClubQ JMB PASMO","reading":"TOKYU CARD ClubQ JMB PASMO","provider":"Tokyu Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"airline mileage card","ja":"航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"Tokyu Card ClubQ JMB PASMO is a airline mileage card from Tokyu Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns TOKYU POINT / JAL miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"TOKYU CARD ClubQ JMB PASMOは、東急カードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でTOKYU POINT / JAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥1,100 including tax","Earns TOKYU POINT / JAL miles at about 0.5% base rate","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込1,100円","TOKYU POINT / JAL milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,100 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,100円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","ja":"年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。"},"url":"https://www.topcard.co.jp/card/jmbpasmo/","sources":["tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo-product","tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo-lineup","tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold","name":"Tokyu Card ClubQ JMB Gold","reading":"TOKYU CARD ClubQ JMB ゴールド","provider":"Tokyu Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold airline mileage card","ja":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"Tokyu Card ClubQ JMB Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from Tokyu Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥6,600 including tax. It earns TOKYU POINT / JAL miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"TOKYU CARD ClubQ JMB ゴールドは、東急カードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込6,600円。対象利用でTOKYU POINT / JAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥6,600 including tax","Earns TOKYU POINT / JAL miles at about 1% base rate","Airport lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込6,600円","TOKYU POINT / JAL milesが基本約1%で貯まる","空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥6,600 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間6,600円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥6,600 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込6,600円。"},"url":"https://www.topcard.co.jp/card/jmb-gold/","sources":["tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold-product","tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold-lineup","tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"to-me-card-prime-pasmo","name":"To Me Card Prime PASMO","reading":"To Me CARD Prime PASMO","provider":"Tokyo Metro","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"rail and transit card","ja":"鉄道・交通系カード"},"description":{"en":"To Me Card Prime PASMO is a rail and transit card from Tokyo Metro, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Metro Points / issuer points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"To Me CARD Prime PASMOは、東京メトロが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でMetro Points / issuer pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥2,200 including tax","Earns Metro Points / issuer points at about 0.5% base rate","Travel insurance by issuer"],"ja":["年会費 税込2,200円","Metro Points / issuer pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","発行会社所定の旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","ja":"年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。"},"url":"https://www.to-me-card.jp/admission/tome-prime/index.html","sources":["to-me-card-prime-pasmo-product","to-me-card-prime-pasmo-lineup","to-me-card-prime-pasmo-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold","name":"ANA To Me Card PASMO JCB Gold","reading":"ソラチカゴールドカード","provider":"Tokyo Metro","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold airline mileage card","ja":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード"},"description":{"en":"ANA To Me Card PASMO JCB Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from Tokyo Metro, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax. It earns J-POINT / Metro Points / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"ソラチカゴールドカードは、東京メトロが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込15,400円。対象利用でJ-POINT / Metro Points / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥15,400 including tax","Earns J-POINT / Metro Points / ANA miles at about 1% base rate","Domestic lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込15,400円","J-POINT / Metro Points / ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる","国内空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥15,400 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間15,400円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込15,400円。"},"url":"https://www.to-me-card.jp/admission/tome-ana-gold/","sources":["ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold-product","ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold-lineup","ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"mi-card-plus","name":"MI Card Plus","reading":"エムアイカード プラス","provider":"MI Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"MI Card Plus is a retail card from MI Card, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns MI Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"エムアイカード プラスは、エムアイカードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でMI Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥550 including tax","Earns MI Points at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費 税込550円","MI Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥550 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間550円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","ja":"年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。"},"url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/plus_basic.html?id=plus","sources":["mi-card-plus-product","mi-card-plus-lineup","mi-card-plus-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"mi-card-plus-gold","name":"MI Card Plus Gold","reading":"エムアイカード プラス ゴールド","provider":"MI Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold travel card","ja":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"MI Card Plus Gold is a Gold travel card from MI Card, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns MI Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"エムアイカード プラス ゴールドは、エムアイカードが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でMI Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥11,000 including tax","Earns MI Points at about 1% base rate","Airport lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込11,000円","MI Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる","空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込11,000円。"},"url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/plus_basic.html?id=plus","sources":["mi-card-plus-gold-product","mi-card-plus-gold-lineup","mi-card-plus-gold-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"takashimaya-card","name":"Takashimaya Card","reading":"タカシマヤカード","provider":"Takashimaya Financial Partners","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"Takashimaya Card is a retail card from Takashimaya Financial Partners, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Takashimaya points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"タカシマヤカードは、高島屋ファイナンシャル・パートナーズが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。Takashimaya pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥2,200 including tax","Earns Takashimaya points","Travel insurance"],"ja":["年会費 税込2,200円","Takashimaya pointsが貯まる","旅行傷害保険が付帯"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","ja":"年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。"},"url":"https://www.takashimaya-fp.co.jp/card/gt/","sources":["takashimaya-card-product","takashimaya-card-lineup","takashimaya-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"takashimaya-card-gold","name":"Takashimaya Card Gold","reading":"タカシマヤカード《ゴールド》","provider":"Takashimaya Financial Partners","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold travel card","ja":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"Takashimaya Card Gold is a Gold travel card from Takashimaya Financial Partners, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns Takashimaya points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"タカシマヤカード《ゴールド》は、高島屋ファイナンシャル・パートナーズが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。Takashimaya pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥11,000 including tax","Earns Takashimaya points","Airport lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込11,000円","Takashimaya pointsが貯まる","空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: 30+ guideline / stable income; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：目安として満30歳以上・安定した収入。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込11,000円。"},"url":"https://www.takashimaya-fp.co.jp/card/gt/","sources":["takashimaya-card-gold-product","takashimaya-card-gold-lineup","takashimaya-card-gold-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"daimaru-matsuzakaya-card","name":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Card","reading":"大丸松坂屋カード","provider":"JFR Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Card is a retail card from JFR Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"大丸松坂屋カードは、JFRカードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でQIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥2,200 including tax","Earns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at about 0.5% base rate","Overseas travel cover subject to use; shopping and phone protection"],"ja":["年会費 税込2,200円","QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","海外旅行傷害保険（利用付帯）、ショッピング・携帯端末補償"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","ja":"年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。"},"url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/dmcard/","sources":["daimaru-matsuzakaya-card-product","daimaru-matsuzakaya-card-lineup","daimaru-matsuzakaya-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ucs-card","name":"UCS Card","reading":"UCSカードmajica","provider":"UCS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"UCS Card is a retail card from UCS, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns U-POINT / majica points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"UCSカードmajicaは、ユーシーエスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でU-POINT / majica pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns U-POINT / majica points at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","U-POINT / majica pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/ucscard/","sources":["ucs-card-product","ucs-card-lineup","ucs-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"apollostation-card","name":"apollostation card","reading":"apollostation card","provider":"Idemitsu Credit","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"fuel card","ja":"給油系カード"},"description":{"en":"apollostation card is a fuel card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Plus Points / fuel discount at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"apollostation cardは、出光クレジットが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPlus Points / fuel discountが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Plus Points / fuel discount at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","Plus Points / fuel discountが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/apollostation/","sources":["apollostation-card-product","apollostation-card-lineup","apollostation-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"apollostation-the-gold","name":"apollostation The Gold","reading":"apollostation THE GOLD","provider":"Idemitsu Credit","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold travel card","ja":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"apollostation The Gold is a Gold travel card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Plus Points / fuel discount; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"apollostation THE GOLDは、出光クレジットが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。Plus Points / fuel discountが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥11,000 including tax","Earns Plus Points / fuel discount","Airport lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込11,000円","Plus Points / fuel discountが貯まる","空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: 25+ guideline / stable income; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：目安として満25歳以上・安定した収入。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","ja":"年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。"},"url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/thegold/","sources":["apollostation-the-gold-product","apollostation-the-gold-lineup","apollostation-the-gold-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"cosmo-the-card-house","name":"Cosmo The Card House","reading":"コスモ・ザ・カード・ハウス","provider":"Cosmo Oil Marketing","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"fuel card","ja":"給油系カード"},"description":{"en":"Cosmo The Card House is a fuel card from Cosmo Oil Marketing, issued on House card (no international network). The annual fee is free. It earns Fuel discount; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"コスモ・ザ・カード・ハウスは、コスモ石油マーケティングが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：ハウスカード（国際ブランドなし））。年会費は無料。Fuel discountが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Fuel discount","Family/ETC terms"],"ja":["年会費無料","Fuel discountが貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードは所定の条件による"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.cosmo-thecard.com/cblp/card/house.html","sources":["cosmo-the-card-house-product","cosmo-the-card-house-lineup","cosmo-the-card-house-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"monex-card","name":"Monex Card","reading":"マネックスカード","provider":"Monex","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"investing-linked card","ja":"投資連動カード"},"description":{"en":"Monex Card is a investing-linked card from Monex, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Monex Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"マネックスカードは、マネックス証券が発行する投資連動カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でMonex Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥550 including tax","Earns Monex Points at about 1% base rate","ETC available"],"ja":["年会費 税込550円","Monex Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる","ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥550 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; Monex account for investing features; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間550円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上（投資関連機能にはマネックス証券口座が必要）。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","ja":"年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。"},"url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/fund/tsumitate/card-tsumitate/monex-card/index.html","sources":["monex-card-product","monex-card-lineup","monex-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"bitflyer-credit-card","name":"bitFlyer Credit Card","reading":"bitFlyer Credit Card","provider":"bitFlyer","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"crypto-rewards card","ja":"暗号資産還元カード"},"description":{"en":"bitFlyer Credit Card is a crypto-rewards card from bitFlyer, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns Bitcoin rewards at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"bitFlyer Credit Cardは、bitFlyerが発行する暗号資産還元カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でBitcoin rewardsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Bitcoin rewards at about 0.5% base rate","Available on Mastercard"],"ja":["年会費無料","Bitcoin rewardsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","国際ブランド：Mastercard"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://bitflyer.com/ja-jp/s/lp/creditcard/","sources":["bitflyer-credit-card-product","bitflyer-credit-card-lineup","bitflyer-credit-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"bitflyer-platinum-card","name":"bitFlyer Platinum Card","reading":"bitFlyer Platinum Card","provider":"bitFlyer","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Platinum crypto-rewards card","ja":"プラチナランクの暗号資産還元カード"},"description":{"en":"bitFlyer Platinum Card is a Platinum crypto-rewards card from bitFlyer, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Bitcoin rewards at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.","ja":"bitFlyer Platinum Cardは、bitFlyerが発行するプラチナランクの暗号資産還元カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込16,500円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でBitcoin rewardsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥16,500 including tax","Earns Bitcoin rewards at about 1% base rate","Airport lounge benefits"],"ja":["年会費 税込16,500円","Bitcoin rewardsが基本約1%で貯まる","空港ラウンジ特典あり"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥16,500 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間16,500円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","ja":"年会費は税込16,500円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。"},"url":"https://bitflyer.com/ja-jp/s/lp/creditcard/","sources":["bitflyer-platinum-card-product","bitflyer-platinum-card-lineup","bitflyer-platinum-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"uc-platinum-card","name":"UC Platinum Card","reading":"UCプラチナカード","provider":"UC Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Platinum travel card","ja":"プラチナランクの旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"UC Platinum Card is a Platinum travel card from UC Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax. It earns UC Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"UCプラチナカードは、UCカードが発行するプラチナランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込16,500円。対象利用でUC Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥16,500 including tax","Earns UC Points at about 1% base rate","Visa concierge and airport lounge benefits"],"ja":["年会費 税込16,500円","UC Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる","Visaのコンシェルジュと空港ラウンジ特典"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥16,500 a year.","Stated eligibility: Stable income and social credit; students/minors excluded; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間16,500円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：安定した収入と社会的信用のある方（学生・未成年を除く）。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込16,500円。"},"url":"https://www2.uccard.co.jp/card/lineup/uc_platinum.html","sources":["uc-platinum-card-product","uc-platinum-card-lineup","uc-platinum-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"smbc-business-owners","name":"SMBC Business Owners","reading":"三井住友カード ビジネスオーナーズ","provider":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"business card","ja":"ビジネスカード"},"description":{"en":"SMBC Business Owners is a business card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns V POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"三井住友カード ビジネスオーナーズは、三井住友カードが発行するビジネスカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でV POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns V POINT at about 0.5% base rate","Business support; app-based management"],"ja":["年会費無料","V POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる","ビジネス向けサポートとアプリでの管理機能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: Corporate representative or sole proprietor; age conditions apply; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：法人代表者または個人事業主（所定の年齢条件あり）。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_index.jsp","sources":["smbc-business-owners-product","smbc-business-owners-lineup","smbc-business-owners-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"smbc-business-owners-gold","name":"SMBC Business Owners Gold","reading":"三井住友カード ビジネスオーナーズ ゴールド","provider":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold points card","ja":"ゴールドランクのポイント還元カード"},"description":{"en":"SMBC Business Owners Gold is a Gold points card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. It earns V POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"三井住友カード ビジネスオーナーズ ゴールドは、三井住友カードが発行するゴールドランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込5,500円。対象利用でV POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥5,500 including tax","Earns V POINT at about 0.5% base rate","Domestic airport lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込5,500円","V POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる","国内空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,500 a year.","Stated eligibility: Corporate representative or sole proprietor; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,500円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：法人代表者または個人事業主。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込5,500円。"},"url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_gold.jsp","sources":["smbc-business-owners-gold-product","smbc-business-owners-gold-lineup","smbc-business-owners-gold-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred","name":"SMBC Business Owners Platinum Preferred","reading":"三井住友カード ビジネスオーナーズ プラチナプリファード","provider":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Platinum points card","ja":"プラチナランクのポイント還元カード"},"description":{"en":"SMBC Business Owners Platinum Preferred is a Platinum points card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. It earns V POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"三井住友カード ビジネスオーナーズ プラチナプリファードは、三井住友カードが発行するプラチナランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込33,000円。対象利用でV POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥33,000 including tax","Earns V POINT at about 1% base rate","Concierge; DragonPass tickets after qualifying annual spend"],"ja":["年会費 税込33,000円","V POINTが基本約1%で貯まる","コンシェルジュ。年間利用条件の達成でDragonPassの利用券"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥33,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: Corporate representative or sole proprietor age 20+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間33,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上の法人代表者または個人事業主。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込33,000円。"},"url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_platinum-preferred.jsp","sources":["smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred-product","smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred-lineup","smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"saison-platinum-business-american-express-card","name":"Saison Platinum Business American Express Card","reading":"セゾンプラチナ・ビジネス・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード","provider":"Credit Saison","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Platinum travel card","ja":"プラチナランクの旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"Saison Platinum Business American Express Card is a Platinum travel card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"セゾンプラチナ・ビジネス・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、クレディセゾンが発行するプラチナランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込33,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント)が貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥33,000 including tax","Earns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) at about 0.5% base rate","Priority Pass and concierge"],"ja":["年会費 税込33,000円","Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント)が基本約0.5%で貯まる","プライオリティ・パスとコンシェルジュ"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥33,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: Sole proprietors, executives and other eligible adults; students/minors excluded; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間33,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：個人事業主・経営者などの対象となる成人（学生・未成年を除く）。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","ja":"年会費は税込33,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。"},"url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/platinumbusiness/","sources":["saison-platinum-business-american-express-card-product","saison-platinum-business-american-express-card-lineup","saison-platinum-business-american-express-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card","name":"Saison Cobalt Business American Express Card","reading":"セゾンコバルト・ビジネス・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード","provider":"Credit Saison","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"points card","ja":"ポイント還元カード"},"description":{"en":"Saison Cobalt Business American Express Card is a points card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"セゾンコバルト・ビジネス・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、クレディセゾンが発行するポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント)が貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) at about 0.5% base rate","Business-service discounts and cash-back campaigns"],"ja":["年会費無料","Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント)が基本約0.5%で貯まる","ビジネス向けサービスの優待とキャッシュバックキャンペーン"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: Sole proprietor or corporate representative; individual underwriting; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：個人事業主または法人代表者（個人与信による審査）。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/cobalt/","sources":["saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card-product","saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card-lineup","saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex","name":"apollostation THE PLATINUM Saison Amex","reading":"apollostation THE PLATINUM セゾン・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード","provider":"Idemitsu Credit","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Platinum travel card","ja":"プラチナランクの旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"apollostation THE PLATINUM Saison Amex is a Platinum travel card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Plus Points at a published base rate of about 1.2% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"apollostation THE PLATINUM セゾン・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、出光クレジットが発行するプラチナランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込22,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でPlus Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.2%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥22,000 including tax","Earns Plus Points at about 1.2% base rate","Priority Pass (annual free-use limit applies), domestic lounges, concierge"],"ja":["年会費 税込22,000円","Plus Pointsが基本約1.2%で貯まる","プライオリティ・パス（年間の無料利用回数に上限あり）、国内ラウンジ、コンシェルジュ"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥22,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: Adults meeting issuer criteria; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間22,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：発行会社所定の条件を満たす成人。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","ja":"年会費は税込22,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。"},"url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/theplatinum/","sources":["apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex-product","apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex-lineup","apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"apollostation-platinum-business","name":"apollostation Platinum Business","reading":"apollostation PLATINUM BUSINESS","provider":"Idemitsu Credit","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Platinum fuel card","ja":"プラチナランクの給油系カード"},"description":{"en":"apollostation Platinum Business is a Platinum fuel card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Plus Points at a published base rate of about 0.8% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"apollostation PLATINUM BUSINESSは、出光クレジットが発行するプラチナランクの給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は税込22,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でPlus Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.8%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥22,000 including tax","Earns Plus Points at about 0.8% base rate","Priority Pass terms and annual use limit apply"],"ja":["年会費 税込22,000円","Plus Pointsが基本約0.8%で貯まる","プライオリティ・パスは所定の規定と年間利用回数の上限による"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥22,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: Individual business owners / small-company representatives; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間22,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：個人事業主・小規模法人の代表者。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","ja":"年会費は税込22,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。"},"url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/platinumbusiness/","sources":["apollostation-platinum-business-product","apollostation-platinum-business-lineup","apollostation-platinum-business-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"upsider-card","name":"UPSIDER Card","reading":"UPSIDERカード","provider":"UPSIDER","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"business card","ja":"ビジネスカード"},"description":{"en":"UPSIDER Card is a business card from UPSIDER, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns UPSIDER automatic cashback at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"UPSIDERカードは、UPSIDERが発行するビジネスカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でUPSIDER automatic cashbackが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns UPSIDER automatic cashback at about 1% base rate","Expense controls and accounting integrations"],"ja":["年会費無料","UPSIDER automatic cashbackが基本約1%で貯まる","経費管理機能と会計ソフト連携"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: Corporations only; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：法人のみ。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://up-sider.com/","sources":["upsider-card-product","upsider-card-lineup","upsider-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison","name":"Mitsui Shopping Park Card Saison","reading":"三井ショッピングパークカード《セゾン》","provider":"Credit Saison","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"Mitsui Shopping Park Card Saison is a retail card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) + Mitsui Shopping Park Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"三井ショッピングパークカード《セゾン》は、クレディセゾンが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) + Mitsui Shopping Park Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) + Mitsui Shopping Park Points at about 0.5% base rate","Facility parking and member benefits"],"ja":["年会費無料","Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) + Mitsui Shopping Park Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","対象施設の駐車場優待と会員特典"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: Adults meeting issuer criteria; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：発行会社所定の条件を満たす成人。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/lineup/ca150.html","sources":["mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison-product","mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison-lineup","mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"welcia-card","name":"Welcia Card","reading":"ウエルシアカード","provider":"AEON Financial Service","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"Welcia Card is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"ウエルシアカードは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate","AEON common benefits and Welcia customer-appreciation routes"],"ja":["年会費無料","WAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる","イオン共通特典とウエルシアのお客さま感謝デー等の特典"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+ subject to issuer conditions; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上（発行会社所定の条件による）。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/welcia/","sources":["welcia-card-product","welcia-card-lineup","welcia-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jcb-biz-one-general","name":"JCB Biz ONE General","reading":"JCB Biz ONE 一般","provider":"JCB","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"points card","ja":"ポイント還元カード"},"description":{"en":"JCB Biz ONE General is a points card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"JCB Biz ONE 一般は、JCBが発行するポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns J-POINT at about 1% base rate","Fast digital issue and accounting links"],"ja":["年会費無料","J-POINTが基本約1%で貯まる","デジタル発行の早さと会計サービス連携"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: Corporate representative or sole proprietor; user age 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：法人代表者または個人事業主（利用者は満18歳以上）。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/corporate/houjin/bizone.html","sources":["jcb-biz-one-general-product","jcb-biz-one-general-lineup","jcb-biz-one-general-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jcb-biz-one-gold","name":"JCB Biz ONE Gold","reading":"JCB Biz ONE ゴールド","provider":"JCB","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold points card","ja":"ゴールドランクのポイント還元カード"},"description":{"en":"JCB Biz ONE Gold is a Gold points card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"JCB Biz ONE ゴールドは、JCBが発行するゴールドランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込5,500円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥5,500 including tax","Earns J-POINT at about 1% base rate","Domestic airport lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込5,500円","J-POINTが基本約1%で貯まる","国内空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,500 a year.","Stated eligibility: Corporate representative or sole proprietor; user age 20+; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,500円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：法人代表者または個人事業主（利用者は満20歳以上）。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","ja":"年会費は税込5,500円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。"},"url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/corporate/houjin/bizone.html","sources":["jcb-biz-one-gold-product","jcb-biz-one-gold-lineup","jcb-biz-one-gold-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card","name":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Gold Card","reading":"大丸松坂屋ゴールドカード","provider":"JFR Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold travel card","ja":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Gold Card is a Gold travel card from JFR Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"大丸松坂屋ゴールドカードは、JFRカードが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でQIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥11,000 including tax","Earns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at about 1% base rate","Airport lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込11,000円","QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが基本約1%で貯まる","空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: 25+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満25歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込11,000円。"},"url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/dmcard/","sources":["daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card-product","daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card-lineup","daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card","name":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Loyal Customer Gold Card","reading":"大丸松坂屋お得意様ゴールドカード","provider":"JFR Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold travel card","ja":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Loyal Customer Gold Card is a Gold travel card from JFR Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"大丸松坂屋お得意様ゴールドカードは、JFRカードが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でQIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥11,000 including tax","Earns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at about 1% base rate","Airport lounges"],"ja":["年会費 税込11,000円","QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが基本約1%で貯まる","空港ラウンジを利用可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: 25+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満25歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込11,000円。"},"url":"https://dmdepart.jp/loyalcustomer/","sources":["daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card-product","daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card-lineup","daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ginza-six-card","name":"GINZA SIX Card","reading":"GINZA SIXカード","provider":"JFR Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"GINZA SIX Card is a retail card from JFR Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns QIRA Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"GINZA SIXカードは、JFRカードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でQIRA Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥2,200 including tax","Earns QIRA Points at about 0.5% base rate","Domestic travel insurance; shopping and phone protection"],"ja":["年会費 税込2,200円","QIRA Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","国内旅行傷害保険、ショッピング・携帯端末補償"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","ja":"年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。"},"url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/ginza6card/standard.html","sources":["ginza-six-card-product","ginza-six-card-lineup","ginza-six-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ginza-six-prestige-card","name":"GINZA SIX Prestige Card","reading":"GINZA SIXプレステージカード","provider":"JFR Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Premium retail card","ja":"プレミアムランクの小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"GINZA SIX Prestige Card is a Premium retail card from JFR Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥55,000 including tax. It earns QIRA Points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"GINZA SIXプレステージカードは、JFRカードが発行するプレミアムランクの小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込55,000円。QIRA Pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥55,000 including tax","Earns QIRA Points","Facility parking and member benefits"],"ja":["年会費 税込55,000円","QIRA Pointsが貯まる","対象施設の駐車場優待と会員特典"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥55,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間55,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥55,000 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込55,000円。"},"url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/ginza6card/prestige.html","sources":["ginza-six-prestige-card-product","ginza-six-prestige-card-lineup","ginza-six-prestige-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"parco-card","name":"PARCO Card","reading":"PARCOカード","provider":"JFR Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"PARCO Card is a retail card from JFR Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns QIRA Points / PARCO points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"PARCOカードは、JFRカードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でQIRA Points / PARCO pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥1,100 including tax","Earns QIRA Points / PARCO points at about 0.5% base rate","Shopping protection"],"ja":["年会費 税込1,100円","QIRA Points / PARCO pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","ショッピング保険"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,100 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,100円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","ja":"年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。"},"url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/parcocard/","sources":["parco-card-product","parco-card-lineup","parco-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"jcb-gold-partner-with-point","name":"JCB Gold / Partner With Point","reading":"JCB ゴールド / PARTNER WITH POINT","provider":"JCB","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold travel card","ja":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"JCB Gold / Partner With Point is a Gold travel card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"JCB ゴールド / PARTNER WITH POINTは、JCBが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥11,000 including tax","Earns J-POINT at about 0.5% base rate","Domestic/overseas lounge services"],"ja":["年会費 税込11,000円","J-POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる","国内・海外のラウンジサービス"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.","Stated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","ja":"年会費は税込11,000円。"},"url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/pwp.html","sources":["jcb-gold-partner-with-point-product","jcb-gold-partner-with-point-lineup","jcb-gold-partner-with-point-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"ucs-card-majica-gold","name":"UCS Card majica Gold","reading":"UCSカードmajica ゴールド","provider":"UCS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"Gold travel card","ja":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード"},"description":{"en":"UCS Card majica Gold is a Gold travel card from UCS, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns U-POINT / majica points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"UCSカードmajica ゴールドは、ユーシーエスが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込3,300円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でU-POINT / majica pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥3,300 including tax","Earns U-POINT / majica points at about 0.5% base rate","Domestic/overseas lounge services"],"ja":["年会費 税込3,300円","U-POINT / majica pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","国内・海外のラウンジサービス"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥3,300 a year.","Stated eligibility: 30+ guideline / stable income; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間3,300円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：目安として満30歳以上・安定した収入。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","ja":"年会費は税込3,300円。初年度無料と案内されている。"},"url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/ucs_gold/","sources":["ucs-card-majica-gold-product","ucs-card-majica-gold-lineup","ucs-card-majica-gold-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"majica-donpen-card","name":"majica donpen card","reading":"majica donpen card","provider":"UCS","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"majica donpen card is a retail card from UCS, issued on Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns U-POINT / majica points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"majica donpen cardは、ユーシーエスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でU-POINT / majica pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns U-POINT / majica points at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","U-POINT / majica pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/donpen/","sources":["majica-donpen-card-product","majica-donpen-card-lineup","majica-donpen-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"webike-apollostation-card","name":"Webike apollostation card","reading":"ウェビック apollostation card","provider":"Idemitsu Credit","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"Webike apollostation card is a retail card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Plus Points / Webike points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"ウェビック apollostation cardは、出光クレジットが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPlus Points / Webike pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns Plus Points / Webike points at about 0.5% base rate","Family/ETC available"],"ja":["年会費無料","Plus Points / Webike pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/webike/","sources":["webike-apollostation-card-product","webike-apollostation-card-lineup","webike-apollostation-card-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"usappy-card-plus","name":"Usappy Card Plus","reading":"Usappy Card プラス＋","provider":"Idemitsu Credit","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"fuel card","ja":"給油系カード"},"description":{"en":"Usappy Card Plus is a fuel card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Usappy points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"Usappy Card プラス＋は、出光クレジットが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でUsappy pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Annual fee ¥1,375 including tax","Earns Usappy points at about 1% base rate","ETC available"],"ja":["年会費 税込1,375円","Usappy pointsが基本約1%で貯まる","ETCカードを追加可能"]},"considerations":{"en":["The annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.","Stated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening."],"ja":["年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。","申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","ja":"年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。"},"url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/usappyplus/","sources":["usappy-card-plus-product","usappy-card-plus-lineup","usappy-card-plus-points"],"verified":false},{"slug":"mi-card-basic","name":"MI Card Basic","reading":"エムアイカード ベーシック","provider":"MI Card","kind":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","category":{"en":"retail card","ja":"小売・買い物カード"},"description":{"en":"MI Card Basic is a retail card from MI Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns MI Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.","ja":"エムアイカード ベーシックは、エムアイカードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でMI Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["No annual fee","Earns MI Points at about 0.5% base rate","No core travel insurance highlighted"],"ja":["年会費無料","MI Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる","中心的な旅行保険は案内されていない"]},"considerations":{"en":["Stated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.","Rates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying."],"ja":["申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。","料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。"]},"fees":{"en":"The annual fee is free.","ja":"年会費は無料。"},"url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/plus_basic.html?id=basic","sources":["mi-card-basic-product","mi-card-basic-lineup"],"verified":false},{"slug":"rakuten-securities","name":"Rakuten Securities","reading":"楽天証券","provider":"Rakuten Securities","kind":"service","cluster":"investing","category":{"en":"Brokerage (NISA/iDeCo)","ja":"証券会社（NISA・iDeCo）"},"description":{"en":"A leading low-cost brokerage for NISA and index-fund investing, integrated with Rakuten points and Rakuten Bank.","ja":"NISAやインデックス投資に強い大手の低コスト証券。楽天ポイント・楽天銀行と連携。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Broad low-cost index fund and ETF lineup","NISA and iDeCo support","Point integration and easy Rakuten Bank linking"],"ja":["幅広い低コストのインデックス投信・ETF","NISA・iDeCoに対応","ポイント連携と楽天銀行との簡単な連携"]},"considerations":{"en":["Interface is Japanese-first","Point-program terms change periodically"],"ja":["画面は日本語中心","ポイントプログラムの条件は随時変更"]},"fees":{"en":"Many domestic funds and trades are low- or no-commission — verify current fee schedule.","ja":"多くの国内投信・取引が低〜無手数料（最新の手数料体系を要確認）。"},"url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/","sources":["rakuten-sec","fsa-registry"],"verified":true},{"slug":"sbi-securities","name":"SBI Securities","reading":"SBI証券","provider":"SBI Securities","kind":"service","cluster":"investing","category":{"en":"Brokerage (NISA/iDeCo)","ja":"証券会社（NISA・iDeCo）"},"description":{"en":"Japan’s largest online brokerage by accounts, with a very broad low-cost fund lineup and full NISA/iDeCo support.","ja":"口座数で国内最大級のネット証券。非常に幅広い低コスト投信とNISA・iDeCoに対応。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Extensive low-cost fund and ETF selection","NISA and iDeCo support","Multiple point-program options"],"ja":["豊富な低コスト投信・ETF","NISA・iDeCoに対応","複数のポイントプログラムから選択"]},"considerations":{"en":["Interface is Japanese-first and feature-dense","Choosing among options can be complex for beginners"],"ja":["画面は日本語中心で機能が多い","選択肢が多く初心者には複雑なことも"]},"fees":{"en":"Many trades and funds are low- or no-commission — verify current fee schedule.","ja":"多くの取引・投信が低〜無手数料（最新の手数料体系を要確認）。"},"url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/","sources":["sbi-sec","fsa-registry"],"verified":true},{"slug":"monex","name":"Monex Securities","reading":"マネックス証券","provider":"Monex","kind":"service","cluster":"investing","category":{"en":"Brokerage (NISA/iDeCo)","ja":"証券会社（NISA・iDeCo）"},"description":{"en":"An established online brokerage often chosen for US-stock access and research tools, with NISA and iDeCo support.","ja":"米国株のアクセスや分析ツールで選ばれることが多い老舗ネット証券。NISA・iDeCoに対応。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Strong US-stock lineup and research tools","NISA and iDeCo support","Point-program options"],"ja":["米国株のラインナップと分析ツールが充実","NISA・iDeCoに対応","ポイントプログラムあり"]},"considerations":{"en":["Interface is Japanese-first","Compare fund fees against other major brokerages"],"ja":["画面は日本語中心","投信の手数料は他の大手と比較を"]},"fees":{"en":"Commissions vary by product; some funds/trades are low-cost — verify current schedule.","ja":"手数料は商品により異なり、一部は低コスト（最新の体系を要確認）。"},"url":"https://www.monex.co.jp/","sources":["monex","fsa-registry"],"verified":true},{"slug":"freee","name":"freee","reading":"フリー","provider":"freee K.K.","kind":"service","cluster":"freelancers","category":{"en":"Cloud accounting software","ja":"クラウド会計ソフト"},"description":{"en":"Beginner-friendly cloud accounting built around guided workflows, popular with sole proprietors for blue-return filing and e-Tax.","ja":"案内に沿って進める設計で初心者に優しいクラウド会計。青色申告やe-Taxで個人事業主に人気。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Guided, question-based bookkeeping for beginners","Bank/card auto-import and blue-return output","Invoice-system and e-Tax support"],"ja":["質問形式で進める初心者向け記帳","銀行・カードの自動取込と青色申告出力","インボイス制度・e-Taxに対応"]},"considerations":{"en":["Interface is Japanese-only","Subscription cost scales with plan and features"],"ja":["画面は日本語のみ","料金はプラン・機能により変動"]},"fees":{"en":"Subscription plans (monthly/annual) vary by tier — verify current pricing.","ja":"サブスク（月額/年額）でプランにより異なる（最新の料金を要確認）。"},"url":"https://www.freee.co.jp/","sources":["freee"],"verified":false},{"slug":"money-forward-cloud","name":"Money Forward Cloud","reading":"マネーフォワード クラウド","provider":"Money Forward","kind":"service","cluster":"freelancers","category":{"en":"Cloud accounting software","ja":"クラウド会計ソフト"},"description":{"en":"Cloud accounting with strong automation and integrations, popular with freelancers and small companies that value flexible bookkeeping.","ja":"自動化と連携に強いクラウド会計。柔軟な記帳を重視するフリーランス・小規模法人に人気。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Extensive bank/card/service integrations","Flexible bookkeeping suited to growing businesses","Invoice-system and e-Tax support"],"ja":["銀行・カード・サービスとの豊富な連携","成長する事業に合う柔軟な記帳","インボイス制度・e-Taxに対応"]},"considerations":{"en":["Interface is Japanese-only","More flexibility can mean a steeper start than fully guided tools"],"ja":["画面は日本語のみ","柔軟な分、完全ガイド型より最初は難しいことも"]},"fees":{"en":"Subscription plans vary by tier — verify current pricing.","ja":"サブスクでプランにより異なる（最新の料金を要確認）。"},"url":"https://biz.moneyforward.com/","sources":["mf-cloud"],"verified":false},{"slug":"yayoi","name":"Yayoi","reading":"弥生","provider":"Yayoi K.K.","kind":"service","cluster":"freelancers","category":{"en":"Accounting software","ja":"会計ソフト"},"description":{"en":"A long-established accounting-software brand with desktop and cloud options, widely used and supported by tax professionals.","ja":"デスクトップとクラウドを持つ老舗会計ソフト。広く使われ、税理士のサポートも多い。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Long track record and wide professional familiarity","Desktop and cloud options","Blue-return and e-Tax support"],"ja":["長い実績と専門家の高い習熟","デスクトップとクラウドの選択肢","青色申告・e-Taxに対応"]},"considerations":{"en":["Interface is Japanese-only","Desktop products differ from cloud in workflow"],"ja":["画面は日本語のみ","デスクトップ製品はクラウドと操作が異なる"]},"fees":{"en":"Desktop license or cloud subscription depending on product — verify current pricing.","ja":"製品によりデスクトップ版のライセンスかクラウドのサブスク（最新の料金を要確認）。"},"url":"https://www.yayoi-kk.co.jp/","sources":["yayoi"],"verified":false},{"slug":"makeleaps","name":"MakeLeaps","reading":"メイクリープス","provider":"MakeLeaps (Ricoh)","kind":"service","cluster":"freelancers","category":{"en":"Invoicing & billing","ja":"請求管理"},"description":{"en":"Invoicing and quote software with an English interface, popular with freelancers and small firms billing both Japanese and overseas clients.","ja":"英語対応の請求・見積ソフト。国内と海外双方の取引先に請求するフリーランス・小規模事業に人気。"},"englishSupport":"yes","highlights":{"en":["Bilingual (English/Japanese) interface and documents","Quotes, invoices, delivery notes, and receipts","Recurring billing and payment tracking; invoice-system compatible"],"ja":["英語・日本語のバイリンガル画面と書類","見積・請求・納品・領収の各書類","定期請求と入金管理、インボイス制度対応"]},"considerations":{"en":["A billing tool, not full accounting — pair with accounting software","Subscription cost scales with users and volume"],"ja":["会計ソフトではなく請求特化。会計ソフトと併用を","料金は人数・件数で変動"]},"fees":{"en":"Subscription plans (free tier for low volume) — verify current pricing.","ja":"サブスク（少量向けの無料枠あり）。最新料金を要確認。"},"url":"https://www.makeleaps.jp/","sources":["makeleaps"],"verified":false},{"slug":"misoca","name":"Misoca","reading":"ミソカ","provider":"Yayoi (Misoca)","kind":"service","cluster":"freelancers","category":{"en":"Invoicing & billing","ja":"請求管理"},"description":{"en":"A simple cloud invoicing tool from the Yayoi group, focused on fast quotes and invoices with automation and a generous free tier.","ja":"弥生グループのシンプルなクラウド請求ツール。見積・請求を素早く作れ、自動化と手厚い無料枠が特徴。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Fast, template-based quotes and invoices","Automatic recurring billing and reminders","Links with Yayoi accounting; invoice-system compatible"],"ja":["テンプレートで素早い見積・請求","定期請求と督促の自動化","弥生会計と連携、インボイス制度対応"]},"considerations":{"en":["Interface is Japanese-only","Billing-focused — not a full accounting package"],"ja":["画面は日本語のみ","請求特化で会計全体はカバーしない"]},"fees":{"en":"Free tier plus paid plans by invoice volume — verify current pricing.","ja":"無料枠＋請求件数に応じた有料プラン。最新料金を要確認。"},"url":"https://www.misoca.jp/","sources":["misoca"],"verified":false},{"slug":"board","name":"board","reading":"ボード","provider":"Verk","kind":"service","cluster":"freelancers","category":{"en":"Invoicing & business management","ja":"請求・案件管理"},"description":{"en":"Estimates, invoicing, and cash-flow management aimed at solo businesses and small firms that want to track jobs from quote to payment.","ja":"見積から入金まで案件を追いたい個人・小規模事業向けの、見積・請求・資金繰り管理ツール。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Quote-to-invoice-to-payment workflow in one place","Sales forecasting and cash-flow visibility","Document management; invoice-system compatible"],"ja":["見積→請求→入金を一貫管理","売上予測と資金繰りの見える化","書類管理、インボイス制度対応"]},"considerations":{"en":["Interface is Japanese-only","Not a bookkeeping/accounting ledger by itself"],"ja":["画面は日本語のみ","単体では記帳・会計台帳ではない"]},"fees":{"en":"Subscription plans by feature tier — verify current pricing.","ja":"機能プランによるサブスク。最新料金を要確認。"},"url":"https://the-board.jp/","sources":["board-invoice"],"verified":false},{"slug":"freenance","name":"FREENANCE","reading":"フリーナンス","provider":"GMO Creators Network","kind":"service","cluster":"freelancers","category":{"en":"Cash flow & freelancer protection","ja":"資金繰り・フリーランス保険"},"description":{"en":"A freelancer-focused service combining invoice factoring (get paid early for a fee) with bundled liability insurance and optional income support.","ja":"請求書の即日払い（手数料で早期入金）に、賠償責任保険や任意の所得補償を組み合わせたフリーランス向けサービス。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Advance cash against unpaid invoices (factoring, for a fee)","Bundled liability insurance for covered work","Optional income-support add-ons for freelancers"],"ja":["未入金の請求書を早期現金化（有料のファクタリング）","対象業務の賠償責任保険を付帯","フリーランス向けの所得補償など任意の上乗せ"]},"considerations":{"en":["Factoring has a fee — compare against the cash-flow benefit","Insurance terms and covered scenarios have limits; read the policy"],"ja":["ファクタリングには手数料。資金繰り効果と比較を","保険の条件・対象には制限あり。約款を確認"]},"fees":{"en":"Account is free; factoring charges a per-transaction fee — verify current terms.","ja":"口座は無料、ファクタリングは取引ごとに手数料。最新条件を要確認。"},"url":"https://freenance.net/","sources":["freenance"],"verified":false},{"slug":"freee-kaisha-setup","name":"freee Company Establishment","reading":"freee会社設立","provider":"freee K.K.","kind":"service","cluster":"freelancers","category":{"en":"Company incorporation","ja":"会社設立"},"description":{"en":"A guided online service that prepares the documents to incorporate a KK or GK, walking first-time founders through the registration steps.","ja":"株式会社・合同会社の設立書類を作成する案内型のオンラインサービス。初めての創業者に登記手順を案内。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Guided preparation of incorporation documents (KK/GK)","Links into freee accounting after setup","Checklists for tax-office and registration filings"],"ja":["設立書類（株式会社・合同会社）の案内付き作成","設立後はfreee会計へ連携","税務署届出・登記のチェックリスト"]},"considerations":{"en":["Statutory fees (registration tax etc.) are separate and set by law","Interface is Japanese-only; complex cases still need a professional"],"ja":["登録免許税など法定費用は別途・法定","画面は日本語のみ。複雑な事案は専門家が必要"]},"fees":{"en":"Service tiers plus separate statutory registration costs — verify current pricing.","ja":"サービス料に加え法定の登記費用が別途。最新料金を要確認。"},"url":"https://www.freee.co.jp/kaisyasetsuritsu/","sources":["freee-kaisha"],"verified":false},{"slug":"mf-kaisha-setup","name":"Money Forward Cloud Company Establishment","reading":"マネーフォワード クラウド会社設立","provider":"Money Forward","kind":"service","cluster":"freelancers","category":{"en":"Company incorporation","ja":"会社設立"},"description":{"en":"Money Forward’s online incorporation service that generates the paperwork for a KK or GK and connects into its cloud accounting suite.","ja":"株式会社・合同会社の設立書類を作成し、クラウド会計スイートへつながるマネーフォワードの設立サービス。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Document preparation for KK/GK incorporation","Integrates with Money Forward Cloud accounting","Guidance on registration and tax notifications"],"ja":["株式会社・合同会社の設立書類作成","マネーフォワード クラウド会計と連携","登記・税務届出の案内"]},"considerations":{"en":["Statutory registration costs are separate","Interface is Japanese-only"],"ja":["法定の登記費用は別途","画面は日本語のみ"]},"fees":{"en":"Service plus separate statutory costs — verify current pricing.","ja":"サービス料＋法定費用は別途。最新料金を要確認。"},"url":"https://biz.moneyforward.com/establish/","sources":["mf-kaisha"],"verified":false},{"slug":"zeirishi-dot-com","name":"Zeirishi.com","reading":"税理士ドットコム","provider":"Bengo4.com","kind":"service","cluster":"freelancers","category":{"en":"Find a tax accountant","ja":"税理士探し"},"description":{"en":"A directory and matching service that helps individuals and businesses find a tax accountant (税理士) by specialty, area, and fee.","ja":"専門分野・地域・料金から税理士を探せる、個人・事業者向けの税理士検索・紹介サービス。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Search and compare tax accountants by need","Free matching/consultation to shortlist candidates","Q&A library on common tax questions"],"ja":["ニーズ別に税理士を検索・比較","無料の紹介・相談で候補を絞り込み","よくある税務の質問Q&A"]},"considerations":{"en":["A directory, not the accountant — verify each professional’s fit and fees","Interface is Japanese-only"],"ja":["税理士本人ではなく紹介窓口。相性と料金は各自で確認","画面は日本語のみ"]},"fees":{"en":"Matching is free to users; the accountant’s own fees apply — verify with each firm.","ja":"紹介は利用者無料、税理士の報酬は別途。各事務所で確認を。"},"url":"https://www.zeiri4.com/","sources":["zeirishi-dot-com"],"verified":false},{"slug":"square-japan","name":"Square","reading":"スクエア","provider":"Square","kind":"service","cluster":"freelancers","category":{"en":"Card & in-person payments","ja":"対面・カード決済"},"description":{"en":"Payment acceptance for small businesses — card and QR payments in person or online — with no monthly fee and same-flow POS tools.","ja":"小規模事業向けの決済受付。対面・オンラインでカードやQR決済に対応し、月額固定費なしでPOSも使える。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Accept cards and QR in person, online, or via invoice","No monthly fee; per-transaction pricing","Reader hardware and free POS app"],"ja":["対面・オンライン・請求書でカード/QR決済","月額固定費なし・取引ごとの手数料","専用リーダーと無料POSアプリ"]},"considerations":{"en":["Per-transaction fees apply; payout timing varies","Some support and documentation is Japanese-first"],"ja":["取引手数料あり・入金時期は要確認","サポート・書類は日本語中心の部分あり"]},"fees":{"en":"No monthly fee; per-transaction processing fees — verify current rates.","ja":"月額なし・決済ごとの手数料。最新料率を要確認。"},"url":"https://squareup.com/jp/ja","sources":["square-japan"],"verified":false},{"slug":"stripe-japan","name":"Stripe","reading":"ストライプ","provider":"Stripe","kind":"service","cluster":"freelancers","category":{"en":"Online payments","ja":"オンライン決済"},"description":{"en":"Developer-friendly online payment infrastructure for accepting cards and local methods, subscriptions, and invoices on websites and apps.","ja":"ウェブ・アプリでカードや各種決済、サブスク、請求書に対応する、開発者向けのオンライン決済基盤。"},"englishSupport":"yes","highlights":{"en":["Cards, wallets, and local payment methods online","Subscriptions, invoicing, and payment links","Strong English documentation and APIs"],"ja":["カード・ウォレット・各種決済に対応","サブスク・請求書・決済リンク","英語ドキュメントとAPIが充実"]},"considerations":{"en":["Best suited to online/website payments, not in-person retail","Per-transaction fees; some setup is technical"],"ja":["対面小売より、オンライン決済向き","取引手数料あり・設定は技術的な面も"]},"fees":{"en":"Per-transaction processing fees; no monthly minimum — verify current rates.","ja":"決済ごとの手数料・月額最低なし。最新料率を要確認。"},"url":"https://stripe.com/jp","sources":["stripe-japan"],"verified":false},{"slug":"gmo-aozora-business","name":"GMO Aozora Net Bank (Business)","reading":"GMOあおぞらネット銀行（法人・個人事業主）","provider":"GMO Aozora Net Bank","kind":"service","cluster":"freelancers","category":{"en":"Business bank account","ja":"事業用銀行口座"},"description":{"en":"An online bank offering low-cost business and sole-proprietor accounts with competitive transfer fees and API/fintech integrations.","ja":"低コストの法人・個人事業主口座を提供するネット銀行。振込手数料が競争的で、API・フィンテック連携に強い。"},"englishSupport":"no","highlights":{"en":["Low-cost sole-proprietor and corporate accounts","Competitive transfer fees and online-first workflow","API and accounting-software integrations"],"ja":["低コストの個人事業主・法人口座","競争的な振込手数料とオンライン中心の運用","API・会計ソフト連携"]},"considerations":{"en":["No branches; online-only service","Interface and support are Japanese-first"],"ja":["店舗なし・オンライン専用","画面・サポートは日本語中心"]},"fees":{"en":"No monthly account fee; transfer fees apply — verify current schedule.","ja":"口座維持費は無料・振込手数料あり。最新の手数料表を要確認。"},"url":"https://gmo-aozora.com/business/","sources":["gmo-aozora-business"],"verified":false},{"slug":"wise-business","name":"Wise Business","reading":"Wiseビジネス","provider":"Wise","kind":"service","cluster":"freelancers","category":{"en":"Cross-border business account","ja":"海外対応ビジネス口座"},"description":{"en":"A multi-currency business account for freelancers and firms with overseas clients — hold and receive foreign currencies and send at the mid-market rate for a transparent fee.","ja":"海外の取引先を持つフリーランス・事業者向けのマルチカレンシー・ビジネス口座。外貨の保有・受取や、明瞭な手数料での送金に対応。"},"englishSupport":"yes","highlights":{"en":["Receive foreign-currency payments with local account details","Hold and convert many currencies at the mid-market rate","Transparent per-transfer fees; strong English support"],"ja":["現地口座情報で外貨の入金を受取","多通貨を仲値で保有・両替","明瞭な送金手数料と英語対応"]},"considerations":{"en":["Not a Japanese bank account — check what domestic clients require","Transfer and conversion fees apply"],"ja":["日本の銀行口座ではない。国内取引先の要件を確認","送金・両替手数料あり"]},"fees":{"en":"Per-transfer and conversion fees; account opening fee may apply — verify current terms.","ja":"送金・両替手数料あり・口座開設手数料がかかる場合あり。最新条件を要確認。"},"url":"https://wise.com/jp/business/","sources":["wise-business"],"verified":false},{"slug":"flat-35","name":"Flat 35","reading":"フラット35","provider":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","kind":"product","cluster":"loans","category":{"en":"Fixed-rate mortgage","ja":"固定金利住宅ローン"},"description":{"en":"A long-term fixed-rate mortgage program backed by the Japan Housing Finance Agency, offered via partner lenders and often accessible without permanent residency.","ja":"住宅金融支援機構が支える長期固定金利の住宅ローン。提携金融機関経由で提供され、永住権なしでも利用しやすいことが多い。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["Long-term fixed rate for payment certainty","Rules-based eligibility via many partner lenders","Often accessible to residents without permanent residency"],"ja":["長期固定で返済が安定","多数の提携金融機関による基準明確な審査","永住権がない居住者でも利用しやすいことが多い"]},"considerations":{"en":["Property must meet technical standards for eligibility","Fixed rate can be higher than current floating rates"],"ja":["対象は技術基準を満たす物件に限られる","固定金利は足元の変動金利より高いことがある"]},"fees":{"en":"Rate and fees vary by lender and loan-to-value — verify current terms.","ja":"金利・手数料は金融機関や融資率により異なる（最新条件を要確認）。"},"url":"https://www.flat35.com/","sources":["jhf-flat35"],"verified":false},{"slug":"wise","name":"Wise","provider":"Wise","kind":"service","cluster":"remittance","category":{"en":"International transfers","ja":"海外送金"},"description":{"en":"A licensed money-transfer service that uses the mid-market exchange rate with a transparent, upfront fee — often cheaper than bank wires for personal transfers.","ja":"仲値と明示的な手数料で送金する登録済みの送金サービス。個人送金では銀行送金より安いことが多い。"},"englishSupport":"yes","highlights":{"en":["Mid-market exchange rate with a visible fee","Multi-currency account and debit card","Clear estimate of the recipient amount before sending"],"ja":["仲値と明示的な手数料","マルチカレンシー口座とデビットカード","送金前に受取額を明確に提示"]},"considerations":{"en":["Transfer limits and verification apply to large amounts","Not a substitute for a Japanese bank account"],"ja":["大口には送金上限・本人確認あり","日本の銀行口座の代替にはならない"]},"fees":{"en":"Transparent per-transfer fee plus mid-market rate — compare the recipient amount.","ja":"送金ごとの明示手数料＋仲値（受取額で比較を）。"},"url":"https://wise.com/jp/","sources":["wise"],"verified":false},{"slug":"revolut","name":"Revolut","reading":"レボリュート","provider":"Revolut","kind":"service","cluster":"remittance","category":{"en":"Multi-currency account","ja":"マルチカレンシー口座"},"description":{"en":"A multi-currency app account with a card and fee allowances for currency exchange, useful for people who spend or hold multiple currencies.","ja":"カードと両替の手数料枠を備えたアプリ型のマルチカレンシー口座。複数通貨を使う・持つ人に便利。"},"englishSupport":"yes","highlights":{"en":["Hold and exchange multiple currencies in-app","Card spending abroad with competitive FX","English-language app and support"],"ja":["アプリ内で複数通貨を保有・両替","海外での有利な為替でのカード利用","英語のアプリとサポート"]},"considerations":{"en":["Free FX allowances and weekend markups vary by plan","Feature availability differs by region and plan"],"ja":["無料両替枠や週末マージンはプランにより異なる","機能は地域・プランで異なる"]},"fees":{"en":"Plan-based; free FX up to allowances, then a fee — verify current terms.","ja":"プラン制。無料枠までは両替無料、以降は手数料（最新条件を要確認）。"},"url":"https://www.revolut.com/ja-JP/","sources":["revolut-jp"],"verified":false},{"slug":"bitflyer","name":"bitFlyer","provider":"bitFlyer","kind":"service","cluster":"crypto","category":{"en":"Registered crypto exchange","ja":"登録済み暗号資産取引所"},"description":{"en":"An FSA-registered, JVCEA-member crypto exchange serving Japanese residents, commonly cited for a long operating history.","ja":"金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟の暗号資産取引所で、居住者向け。運営実績の長さでよく挙げられる。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["FSA-registered and JVCEA member","Established operating track record","Standard buy/sell and exchange functions"],"ja":["金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟","確立した運営実績","標準的な売買・取引機能"]},"considerations":{"en":["Crypto gains are taxed heavily as miscellaneous income","Spreads and fees vary by order type — compare before trading"],"ja":["暗号資産の利益は雑所得として重く課税","スプレッド・手数料は注文方法で異なる（取引前に比較を）"]},"fees":{"en":"Trading fees and spreads vary by product and order type — verify current schedule.","ja":"取引手数料・スプレッドは商品・注文方法により異なる（最新の体系を要確認）。"},"url":"https://bitflyer.com/","sources":["bitflyer","jvcea","fsa-registry"],"verified":false},{"slug":"bitbank","name":"bitbank","provider":"bitbank","kind":"service","cluster":"crypto","category":{"en":"Registered crypto exchange","ja":"登録済み暗号資産取引所"},"description":{"en":"An FSA-registered, JVCEA-member crypto exchange serving Japanese residents, often noted for its trading interface.","ja":"金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟の暗号資産取引所で、居住者向け。取引画面で言及されることが多い。"},"englishSupport":"partial","highlights":{"en":["FSA-registered and JVCEA member","Order-book trading for multiple assets","Established Japanese exchange"],"ja":["金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟","複数銘柄の板取引","実績ある国内取引所"]},"considerations":{"en":["Crypto gains are taxed heavily as miscellaneous income","Compare fees and spreads before trading"],"ja":["暗号資産の利益は雑所得として重く課税","取引前に手数料・スプレッドを比較"]},"fees":{"en":"Maker/taker fees and spreads vary — verify current 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kādo","english":"Residence card","cluster":"banking","definition":{"en":"The government-issued ID card for mid-to-long-term foreign residents. It is the primary document for opening bank accounts, applying for cards, and most financial services.","ja":"中長期在留する外国人に交付される在留資格の証明カード。銀行口座開設やカード申込など、多くの金融サービスで中心となる本人確認書類です。"},"sources":["immi-residence"]},{"slug":"my-number","term":"マイナンバー","reading":"mai nambā","english":"Individual Number","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"A 12-digit personal ID number used for tax, social security, and increasingly for financial account identification. Some banks and brokerages require it.","ja":"税・社会保障などに用いる12桁の個人番号。金融口座の確認にも使われ、銀行・証券で提出を求められることがあります。"},"sources":["nta-individual"]},{"slug":"koza-furikae","term":"口座振替","reading":"kōza furikae","english":"Direct debit","cluster":"banking","definition":{"en":"Automatic withdrawal from your bank account for recurring bills such as rent, utilities, and credit-card payments.","ja":"家賃・公共料金・カード代金などの継続的な支払いを、銀行口座から自動で引き落とす仕組み。"},"sources":[]},{"slug":"furikomi","term":"振込","reading":"furikomi","english":"Bank transfer","cluster":"banking","definition":{"en":"A transfer of money to another bank account, often used for rent, invoices, and payments. Fees vary by bank and channel.","ja":"他の銀行口座へお金を送る手続き。家賃・請求・支払いに使われ、手数料は銀行や方法で異なります。"},"sources":[]},{"slug":"nisa","term":"NISA","reading":"nīsa","english":"Tax-free investment account","cluster":"investing","definition":{"en":"A tax-free investment account. Since 2024 it allows ¥3.6M/year (¥18M lifetime) of investments whose gains are exempt from tax.","ja":"運用益が非課税になる投資口座。2024年から年360万円（生涯1,800万円）まで投資でき、利益が非課税になります。"},"sources":["fsa-nisa"]},{"slug":"ideco","term":"iDeCo","reading":"ideko","english":"Private defined-contribution pension","cluster":"investing","definition":{"en":"A private, tax-advantaged defined-contribution pension. Contributions reduce taxable income now but funds are locked until age 60.","ja":"私的な税制優遇のある確定拠出年金。掛金は今の課税所得を減らせますが、原則60歳まで引き出せません。"},"sources":["ideco-official"]},{"slug":"tsumitate","term":"つみたて投資枠","reading":"tsumitate tōshi waku","english":"Accumulation frame (NISA)","cluster":"investing","definition":{"en":"The NISA frame for regular, automated investing in regulator-screened funds, up to ¥1.2M per year.","ja":"規制当局が選定した投信へ定期・自動で積み立てるNISAの枠。年120万円まで。"},"sources":["fsa-nisa"]},{"slug":"genzei","term":"減税","reading":"genzei","english":"Tax reduction","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"A reduction in tax owed, achieved through deductions and credits such as medical expenses, dependents, or the mortgage credit.","ja":"医療費・扶養・住宅ローン控除などの控除・税額控除により、納める税金を減らすこと。"},"sources":[]},{"slug":"kakutei-shinkoku","term":"確定申告","reading":"kakutei shinkoku","english":"Final tax return","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"The annual income-tax return, filed Feb 16 – Mar 15, required for side income, self-employment, or to claim certain deductions.","ja":"毎年2月16日〜3月15日に行う所得税の申告。副収入・自営や特定の控除を受ける場合に必要です。"},"sources":["nta-etax"]},{"slug":"nenmatsu-chosei","term":"年末調整","reading":"nenmatsu chōsei","english":"Year-end adjustment","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"The employer process that reconciles withheld income tax at year-end, so most single-employer employees do not file a return.","ja":"年末に源泉徴収された所得税を勤務先が精算する手続き。1か所給与の多くの会社員は確定申告が不要になります。"},"sources":["nta-individual"]},{"slug":"juminzei","term":"住民税","reading":"jūminzei","english":"Resident tax","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"Local tax of roughly 10%, billed the year after the income is earned — often a surprise in a new resident’s second year.","ja":"約10%の地方税。所得の翌年に課税され、新規居住者は2年目に驚くことが多いです。"},"sources":["nta-individual"]},{"slug":"shotokuzei","term":"所得税","reading":"shotokuzei","english":"Income tax","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"The national tax on individual income, charged at progressive rates from 5% to 45% on taxable income, plus a 2.1% reconstruction surtax.","ja":"個人の所得にかかる国税。課税所得に対し5%〜45%の累進税率で課され、さらに2.1%の復興特別所得税が加わります。"},"sources":["nta-income-tax-rate"]},{"slug":"gensen-choshu","term":"源泉徴収","reading":"gensen chōshū","english":"Withholding","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"Tax withheld at source by an employer or other payer during the year. It is a prepayment reconciled by year-end adjustment or a final return, not always the final tax.","ja":"会社などの支払者が年内に源泉で差し引く税。年末調整や確定申告で精算される前払いで、必ずしも最終税額ではありません。"},"sources":["nta-withholding"]},{"slug":"gensen-choshu-hyo","term":"源泉徴収票","reading":"gensen chōshū hyō","english":"Withholding certificate","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"The year-end statement from an employer showing gross pay, income after the employment deduction, total deductions, and tax withheld — the figures you carry to a return.","ja":"会社が年末に発行する、支払金額・給与所得控除後の金額・所得控除合計・源泉徴収税額を示す書類。申告に転記する数字です。"},"sources":["nta-withholding"]},{"slug":"shiroiro-shinkoku","term":"白色申告","reading":"shiroiro shinkoku","english":"White return","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"The default filing status without the blue-return application. It still requires bookkeeping but offers no blue special deduction.","ja":"青色申告の申請をしない場合の既定の申告。記帳は必要ですが、青色の特別控除はありません。"},"sources":["nta-blue"]},{"slug":"tekikaku-seikyusho","term":"適格請求書","reading":"tekikaku seikyūsho","english":"Qualified invoice","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"A compliant invoice from a registered issuer that lets a business buyer claim input-tax credit under the invoice system. Registration makes an otherwise-exempt seller taxable.","ja":"登録事業者が発行するインボイス制度対応の請求書。事業者の買手が仕入税額控除を受けられます。登録すると免税事業者も課税事業者になります。"},"sources":["nta-invoice"]},{"slug":"genka-shokyaku","term":"減価償却","reading":"genka shōkyaku","english":"Depreciation","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"Spreading the cost of a long-life asset (equipment, buildings) over its useful life rather than expensing it at once. Land is never depreciated.","ja":"長期使用の資産（設備・建物）の取得費を、一括ではなく耐用年数で費用化すること。土地は減価償却しません。"},"sources":["nta-depreciation"]},{"slug":"yotei-nozei","term":"予定納税","reading":"yotei nōzei","english":"Estimated tax prepayment","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"Advance income-tax payments in July and November, required when the prior-year prepayment base is high enough, reconciled on the following return.","ja":"前年の予定納税基準額が一定以上の場合に、7月・11月に前払いする所得税。翌年の確定申告で精算します。"},"sources":["nta-estimated-tax"]},{"slug":"nozei-kanrinin","term":"納税管理人","reading":"nōzei kanrinin","english":"Tax representative","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"A person in Japan appointed to receive notices and handle returns, refunds, and payments after you leave the country.","ja":"出国後に通知の受領・申告・還付・納付を代行する、日本国内で選任する人。"},"sources":["nta-tax-agent"]},{"slug":"gaikoku-zeigaku-kojo","term":"外国税額控除","reading":"gaikoku zeigaku kōjo","english":"Foreign tax credit","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"A credit for qualifying foreign income taxes against Japanese tax, limited by a Japanese ceiling, to relieve double taxation.","ja":"対象の外国所得税を日本の税から控除して二重課税を緩和する制度。日本側の限度額があります。"},"sources":["nta-foreign-tax-credit"]},{"slug":"zoyozei","term":"贈与税","reading":"zōyozei","english":"Gift tax","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"Tax paid by the recipient on gifts above a ¥1.1M annual exemption (across all donors), at progressive rates up to 55%.","ja":"受贈者が、年110万円の基礎控除（贈与者合計）を超える贈与に納める税。最高55%の累進税率です。"},"sources":["nta-gift-tax"]},{"slug":"sozokuzei","term":"相続税","reading":"sōzokuzei","english":"Inheritance tax","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"Tax on an estate above the basic exemption of ¥30M + ¥6M per statutory heir, with the return generally due within ten months.","ja":"基礎控除「3,000万円＋600万円×法定相続人」を超える遺産にかかる税。申告は原則10か月以内です。"},"sources":["nta-inheritance-tax"]},{"slug":"kotei-shisanzei","term":"固定資産税","reading":"kotei shisanzei","english":"Fixed-asset tax","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"An annual municipal tax on land, buildings, and depreciable assets, based on the January-1 owner and assessed value.","ja":"土地・家屋・償却資産にかかる市区町村の毎年の税。1月1日の所有者と評価額に基づきます。"},"sources":["tokyo-fixed-asset-tax"]},{"slug":"inshizei","term":"印紙税","reading":"inshizei","english":"Stamp tax","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"A tax on creating specified paper documents (contracts, large receipts) by their stated amount. Purely electronic documents are generally outside it.","ja":"一定の紙の文書（契約書・高額の領収書）の作成に、記載金額に応じて課される税。純粋な電子文書は原則対象外です。"},"sources":["nta-stamp-tax"]},{"slug":"kyojusha","term":"居住者","reading":"kyojūsha","english":"Tax resident","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"For income tax, someone with a domicile in Japan or a residence for at least one year — taxed more broadly than a non-resident (a tax concept, separate from a visa).","ja":"所得税では、日本に住所がある、または1年以上居所がある人。非居住者より広く課税されます（在留資格とは別の税務概念）。"},"sources":["nta-nonresident"]},{"slug":"hikyojusha","term":"非居住者","reading":"hikyojūsha","english":"Non-resident","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"For tax, someone without a Japanese domicile or one-year residence, taxed only on specified Japan-source income — separate from immigration status.","ja":"税務上、日本に住所も1年以上の居所もない人。特定の日本源泉所得のみ課税されます。在留資格とは別です。"},"sources":["nta-nonresident"]},{"slug":"zeirishi","term":"税理士","reading":"zeirishi","english":"Certified tax accountant","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"The only professional licensed to give regulated tax advice and represent taxpayers before the tax authorities in Japan.","ja":"日本で規制された税務助言を行い、税務当局に対して納税者を代理できる唯一の有資格者。"},"sources":["zeirishi-dot-com"]},{"slug":"furusato-nozei","term":"ふるさと納税","reading":"furusato nōzei","english":"Hometown tax donation","cluster":"tax","definition":{"en":"A scheme to donate to local governments for gifts while deducting almost all of the donation from your taxes (¥2,000 net cost).","ja":"自治体に寄付して返礼品を受け取りつつ、ほぼ全額を税から控除できる制度（実質自己負担2,000円）。"},"sources":["nta-furusato"]},{"slug":"kaigyo-todoke","term":"開業届","reading":"kaigyō todoke","english":"Notification of business opening","cluster":"freelancers","definition":{"en":"The form filed with the tax office to register as a sole proprietor. Free and quick; often filed with the blue-return application.","ja":"税務署に提出して個人事業主として登録する届出。無料で簡単で、青色申告承認申請と同時に出すことが多いです。"},"sources":["nta-blue"]},{"slug":"aoiro-shinkoku","term":"青色申告","reading":"aoiro shinkoku","english":"Blue tax return","cluster":"freelancers","definition":{"en":"A filing status that rewards double-entry bookkeeping with a deduction of up to ¥650,000 and loss carry-forward.","ja":"複式簿記に対し最大65万円の控除や損失の繰越が使える申告方式。"},"sources":["nta-blue"]},{"slug":"invoice-seido","term":"インボイス制度","reading":"inboisu seido","english":"Qualified invoice system","cluster":"freelancers","definition":{"en":"The consumption-tax system (from Oct 2023) under which buyers need a supplier’s T-number to claim input tax credits.","ja":"2023年10月開始の消費税の制度。買い手が仕入税額控除を受けるには売り手の登録番号（T番号）が必要です。"},"sources":["nta-invoice"]},{"slug":"shohizei","term":"消費税","reading":"shōhizei","english":"Consumption tax","cluster":"freelancers","definition":{"en":"Japan’s value-added tax: 10% standard, 8% reduced for food and certain items. Relevant to businesses above the taxable threshold.","ja":"日本の付加価値税。標準10%、食品など一部は軽減8%。課税点を超える事業者に関係します。"},"sources":["nta-invoice"]},{"slug":"kokumin-kenko-hoken","term":"国民健康保険","reading":"kokumin kenkō hoken","english":"National Health Insurance","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"Public health insurance for those not covered by employees’ insurance (e.g. freelancers). Premiums are income-based and billed by your municipality.","ja":"会社の健康保険に入らない人（フリーランスなど）向けの公的健康保険。保険料は所得連動で自治体が請求します。"},"sources":["mhlw-insurance"]},{"slug":"kogaku-ryoyohi","term":"高額療養費","reading":"kōgaku ryōyōhi","english":"High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"A public system that caps your monthly out-of-pocket medical costs based on income, limiting the cost of serious illness.","ja":"所得に応じて月あたりの医療費自己負担に上限を設ける公的制度。重い病気の負担を抑えます。"},"sources":["mhlw-insurance"]},{"slug":"jishin-hoken","term":"地震保険","reading":"jishin hoken","english":"Earthquake insurance","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"A government-backed rider added to fire insurance. Payouts are capped at a share of the building/contents value.","ja":"火災保険に付帯する政府関与の特約。保険金は建物・家財の評価額の一定割合が上限です。"},"sources":["caa-insurance"]},{"slug":"jutaku-loan","term":"住宅ローン","reading":"jūtaku rōn","english":"Home loan (mortgage)","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"A mortgage. Eligibility weighs income, employment, and often permanent residency; choose between fixed and floating rates.","ja":"住宅ローン。審査は収入・雇用、多くは永住権を見ます。固定・変動から選びます。"},"sources":["jhf-flat35"]},{"slug":"shoyu-hiyo","term":"諸費用","reading":"shohiyō","english":"Closing costs","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"The one-off costs of buying property (agent fees, registration, taxes, insurance), typically 6–10% of the price.","ja":"不動産購入時の一時費用（仲介手数料・登記・税金・保険など）。通常は価格の6〜10%。"},"sources":["mlit-land"]},{"slug":"kaigai-soukin","term":"海外送金","reading":"kaigai sōkin","english":"International remittance","cluster":"remittance","definition":{"en":"Sending money across borders. Watch the exchange-rate markup, which often costs more than the visible transfer fee.","ja":"国をまたぐ送金。見える手数料より高くつくことが多い為替マージンに注意。"},"sources":["boj-payments"]},{"slug":"ango-shisan","term":"暗号資産","reading":"angō shisan","english":"Crypto-asset","cluster":"crypto","definition":{"en":"Cryptocurrency. Gains are taxed as miscellaneous income at marginal rates; only FSA-registered exchanges may serve residents.","ja":"暗号資産（仮想通貨）。利益は雑所得として累進課税。居住者向けは金融庁登録の取引所のみ。"},"sources":["nta-crypto","fsa-registry"]},{"slug":"honnin-kakunin","term":"本人確認","reading":"honnin kakunin","english":"Identity verification (KYC)","cluster":"banking","definition":{"en":"The identity-verification process required to open financial accounts, using documents such as a residence card.","ja":"金融口座の開設に必要な本人確認の手続き。在留カードなどの書類を用います。"},"sources":["immi-residence"]},{"slug":"gankin","term":"元金","reading":"gankin","english":"Principal","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"The amount borrowed before interest and fees. Interest is charged on the outstanding principal.","ja":"利息・手数料を除いた借入額。利息は残っている元金に対して発生します。"},"sources":[]},{"slug":"kinri","term":"金利","reading":"kinri","english":"Interest rate","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"The annual rate charged on a loan. The base (reference) rate minus a discount gives the preferential applied rate.","ja":"ローンにかかる年率。基準金利から優遇幅を引いたものが適用金利です。"},"sources":[]},{"slug":"hendo-kinri","term":"変動金利","reading":"hendō kinri","english":"Variable interest rate","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"A rate reviewed periodically, commonly twice a year; the borrower bears any increase.","ja":"定期的（一般に半年ごと）に見直される金利。上昇は借り手が負担します。"},"sources":[]},{"slug":"kotei-kinri","term":"固定金利","reading":"kotei kinri","english":"Fixed interest rate","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"A rate fixed for a defined period or the whole term (as with Flat 35). It removes interest-rate risk at a higher initial cost.","ja":"一定期間または全期間（フラット35など）固定される金利。初期費用は高いが金利リスクを取り除きます。"},"sources":[]},{"slug":"danshin","term":"団信","reading":"danshin","english":"Group credit life insurance","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"Group credit life insurance (団体信用生命保険) that repays the mortgage if the insured borrower dies or is severely disabled.","ja":"被保険者の死亡・高度障害時に住宅ローンを完済する団体信用生命保険。"},"sources":[]},{"slug":"atamakin","term":"頭金","reading":"atamakin","english":"Down payment","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"The cash paid upfront toward the price; a larger down payment lowers the loan-to-value ratio and often improves pricing.","ja":"価格に対して前もって払う現金。多いほどLTVが下がり条件が良くなりがちです。"},"sources":[]},{"slug":"tetsukekin","term":"手付金","reading":"tetsukekin","english":"Earnest money","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"A payment at contract that is part of the price, credited at closing; refundable on financing failure only if the financing clause applies.","ja":"契約時に払う代金の一部で決済時に充当。融資不成立での返還は住宅ローン特約が適用される場合のみ。"},"sources":[]},{"slug":"chukai-tesuryo","term":"仲介手数料","reading":"chūkai tesūryō","english":"Brokerage fee","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"Commission paid to a licensed broker, subject to a statutory maximum based on the price and transaction.","ja":"免許を持つ仲介への手数料。価格と取引に応じた法定上限があります。"},"sources":[]},{"slug":"juyo-jiko-setsumei","term":"重要事項説明","reading":"jūyō jikō setsumei","english":"Explanation of important matters","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"A required disclosure by a licensed transaction specialist covering title, restrictions, hazards, and cancellation before the contract.","ja":"契約前に宅地建物取引士が行う、権利・制限・災害・解除などの必須の説明。"},"sources":[]},{"slug":"shihoshoshi","term":"司法書士","reading":"shihō shoshi","english":"Judicial scrivener","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"The professional who prepares and files ownership and mortgage registrations and verifies closing formalities.","ja":"所有権・抵当権の登記を準備・申請し、決済の手続きを確認する専門家。"},"sources":[]},{"slug":"shoyuken","term":"所有権","reading":"shoyūken","english":"Freehold","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"Perpetual ownership of land subject to law and tax; the conventional, financeable form.","ja":"法と税に服する土地の永続的な所有。一般的で融資可能な形です。"},"sources":[]},{"slug":"shakuchiken","term":"借地権","reading":"shakuchiken","english":"Leasehold","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"A right to use land owned by another, subject to ground rent and consent; it constrains financing and resale.","ja":"他人所有の土地を使う権利。地代と承諾に服し、融資と売却を制約します。"},"sources":[]},{"slug":"shuzen-tsumitatekin","term":"修繕積立金","reading":"shūzen tsumitatekin","english":"Repair reserve","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"A condominium fund accumulated for major capital works; distinct from the management fee, which covers ordinary operations.","ja":"大規模修繕のために貯めるマンションの積立金。通常運営を賄う管理費とは別です。"},"sources":[]},{"slug":"kanrihi","term":"管理費","reading":"kanrihi","english":"Condominium management fee","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"A monthly fee for ordinary shared operations of a condominium; it is not saved for major repairs.","ja":"マンションの通常の共用運営のための月次費用。大規模修繕には貯めません。"},"sources":[]},{"slug":"saikenchiku-fuka","term":"再建築不可","reading":"saikenchiku fuka","english":"Non-rebuildable","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"A property that cannot ordinarily be replaced under current access or planning rules; finance and resale are severely constrained.","ja":"現行の接道・都市計画で通常建て替えられない物件。融資と売却が大きく制約されます。"},"sources":[]},{"slug":"akiya","term":"空き家","reading":"akiya","english":"Vacant house","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"A vacant home; often cheap but may carry title, access, structural, and renovation issues that exceed the price.","ja":"空き家。安いことが多いが、権利・接道・構造・改装の問題が価格を超え得ます。"},"sources":[]},{"slug":"jutaku-loan-genzei","term":"住宅ローン減税","reading":"jūtaku rōn genzei","english":"Mortgage tax deduction","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"An income-tax credit based on the qualifying year-end mortgage balance, subject to conditions; file in the first year.","ja":"年末の適格なローン残高に基づく所得税の税額控除。条件があり初年度に申告します。"},"sources":["nta-mortgage-deduction"]},{"slug":"kuriage-hensai","term":"繰上返済","reading":"kuriage hensai","english":"Early repayment","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"Paying extra principal ahead of schedule; term reduction usually saves more interest than payment reduction.","ja":"予定より早く元金を返すこと。通常は期間短縮のほうが返済額軽減より利息を節約します。"},"sources":[]},{"slug":"karikae","term":"借り換え","reading":"karikae","english":"Refinancing","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"Replacing a mortgage with a new one; worthwhile only when present-value savings exceed all new costs.","ja":"住宅ローンを新しいものに置き換えること。現在価値の節約が新費用を上回るときだけ得です。"},"sources":[]},{"slug":"minpaku","term":"民泊","reading":"minpaku","english":"Private lodging (minpaku)","cluster":"loans","definition":{"en":"Short-term lodging generally limited to 180 days/year nationally; municipalities and condo bylaws can restrict it further.","ja":"短期宿泊で、国の枠組みで原則年180日まで。自治体や管理規約がさらに制限し得ます。"},"sources":["mlit-minpaku"]},{"slug":"point-kangen","term":"ポイント還元率","reading":"pointo kangen-ritsu","english":"Reward rate","cluster":"points","definition":{"en":"The value returned as a percentage of spending. The base rate is the ordinary return before campaigns; the effective rate is what you actually receive after caps, fees, exclusions, rounding, and realistic redemption value.","ja":"支出に対して戻る価値の割合。基本還元率はキャンペーン前の通常の率、実質還元率は上限・手数料・除外・端数・現実的な交換価値の後に実際に受け取る率です。"},"sources":["boj-payments"]},{"slug":"kikan-gentei-point","term":"期間限定ポイント","reading":"kikan gentei pointo","english":"Limited-time points","cluster":"points","definition":{"en":"Points with a fixed, often short deadline and sometimes narrower redemption options than ordinary points. Rakuten, d POINT, and PayPay all distinguish ordinary from limited-use rewards; spend these first.","ja":"固定でしばしば短い期限を持ち、通常ポイントより用途が狭いこともあるポイント。楽天・dポイント・PayPayは通常と用途限定を区別します。これらから先に使いましょう。"},"sources":["rakuten-spu","paypay-points"]},{"slug":"tsujo-point","term":"通常ポイント","reading":"tsūjō pointo","english":"Ordinary points","cluster":"points","definition":{"en":"A program’s standard balance, following its normal expiry and redemption rules. Ordinary PayPay Points currently do not expire; ordinary d POINT generally lasts 48 months.","ja":"プログラムの標準残高で、通常の有効期限・交換ルールに従います。通常のPayPayポイントは現在無期限、通常のdポイントは概ね48か月です。"},"sources":["paypay-points","dpoint-expiry"]},{"slug":"point-yukokigen","term":"ポイント有効期限","reading":"pointo yūkō kigen","english":"Point expiration","cluster":"points","definition":{"en":"The date unused points disappear. Some programs use a fixed date; others extend the whole balance whenever qualifying activity occurs. Concentrating in one active ecosystem keeps a balance alive.","ja":"未使用ポイントが消える日。固定期限のプログラムもあれば、対象の取引があるたびに残高全体を延長するものもあります。1つの経済圏に集中すると残高を生かせます。"},"sources":["dpoint-expiry"]},{"slug":"point-koukan","term":"ポイント交換","reading":"pointo kōkan","english":"Point exchange","cluster":"points","definition":{"en":"Converting points into another program, often with a minimum amount, ratio, monthly limit, or restricted expiration. Direct conversion to airline miles often yields under ¥0.5 per point unless the award is high-value.","ja":"ポイントを別プログラムに変えること。最低数量・レート・月間上限・有効期限の制限が付くことが多いです。マイルへの直接交換は、特典が高価値でない限り1ポイント0.5円未満になりがちです。"},"sources":["ponta-jal"]},{"slug":"nijudori","term":"二重取り","reading":"nijū-dori","english":"Stacking","cluster":"points","definition":{"en":"Receiving more than one legitimate reward from the same purchase, such as merchant points from a loyalty scan plus payment points from the card or wallet. Each layer must be independently eligible.","ja":"同じ買い物から複数の正当な特典を受け取ること。ポイント提示による店のポイントに、カードやウォレットの決済ポイントを重ねるなど。各層が個別に対象である必要があります。"},"sources":["smbc-conveni"]},{"slug":"tacchi-kessai","term":"タッチ決済","reading":"tacchi kessai","english":"Touch (contactless) payment","cluster":"points","definition":{"en":"Network contactless card payment (Visa/Mastercard/JCB touch). It is not interchangeable with iD or QUICPay for bonus-category eligibility — some campaigns exclude iD and physical-card touch.","ja":"ネットワークの非接触カード決済（Visa／Mastercard／JCBのタッチ）。ボーナス区分ではiDやQUICPayと同一に扱われず、iDや物理カードのタッチを除外するキャンペーンもあります。"},"sources":["smbc-conveni"]},{"slug":"denshi-money","term":"電子マネー","reading":"denshi manē","english":"Electronic money","cluster":"points","definition":{"en":"Stored-value or contactless payment such as Suica, WAON, or nanaco. Charging e-money with a card does not guarantee card points — only specifically eligible funding routes qualify.","ja":"Suica・WAON・nanacoなどの前払い・非接触決済。電子マネーへのカードチャージはカードポイントを保証しません。対象のチャージ手段だけが条件を満たします。"},"sources":["nanaco-points","waon-point"]},{"slug":"mile","term":"マイル","reading":"mairu","english":"Airline mile","cluster":"points","definition":{"en":"A currency redeemable for award travel. Its value varies with route, taxes, surcharges, and availability; value it against a fare you would actually buy, minus award taxes, not a fixed figure.","ja":"特典航空券に交換できる通貨。価値は路線・税・サーチャージ・空席で変わります。固定値でなく、実際に買う運賃から特典税を引いて評価しましょう。"},"sources":["ana-mileage","jal-mileage"]},{"slug":"nyukai-tokuten","term":"入会特典","reading":"nyūkai tokuten","english":"Signup bonus","cluster":"points","definition":{"en":"A new-card or new-account award requiring approval and spending or usage conditions. It is one-off and should not be treated as a permanent annual return in long-term comparisons.","ja":"審査と利用・支出条件を伴う新規カード・口座の特典。一度きりで、長期比較では恒常的な年間リターンとして扱うべきではありません。"},"sources":["rakuten-card-terms"]},{"slug":"nakane","term":"仲値","reading":"nakane","english":"Mid-market rate","cluster":"remittance","definition":{"en":"The midpoint between wholesale market buy and sell prices. A neutral benchmark for comparison, not a guaranteed retail rate.","ja":"卸売市場の売買の中間値。比較のための中立なベンチマークで、保証された小売レートではありません。"},"sources":["ecb-fx-rates"]},{"slug":"tts","term":"対顧客電信売相場（TTS）","reading":"tai-kyaku denshin uri sōba","english":"TTS rate","cluster":"remittance","definition":{"en":"The rate a bank applies when a customer buys foreign currency with yen. The gap from the mid-market rate is an exchange cost.","ja":"顧客が円で外貨を買うときに銀行が適用するレート。仲値との差が為替コストです。"},"sources":["imny-smbc-remit"]},{"slug":"ttb","term":"対顧客電信買相場（TTB）","reading":"tai-kyaku denshin kai sōba","english":"TTB rate","cluster":"remittance","definition":{"en":"The rate a bank applies when a customer sells foreign currency back to yen. The TTS–TTB gap is the round-trip spread.","ja":"顧客が外貨を円に戻すときに銀行が適用するレート。TTSとTTBの差が往復のスプレッドです。"},"sources":["imny-smbc-remit"]},{"slug":"lifting-charge","term":"リフティングチャージ","reading":"rifutingu chāji","english":"Lifting charge","cluster":"remittance","definition":{"en":"A bank handling charge when it does not perform its normal currency conversion, such as a same-currency or JPY international transfer. Often about 0.05% with a minimum near ¥2,500.","ja":"銀行が通常の両替をしない場合（同一通貨や円建ての国際送金など）の取扱手数料。多くは約0.05%・最低2,500円前後。"},"sources":["imny-smbc-remit"]},{"slug":"korurusu-ginko","term":"コルレス銀行","reading":"koruresu ginkō","english":"Correspondent bank","cluster":"remittance","definition":{"en":"An intermediary bank that relays and settles a payment when the sending and receiving banks lack a direct relationship. Each can deduct a fee.","ja":"送金銀行と受取銀行に直接関係がないときに、支払を中継・決済する銀行。各行が手数料を差し引きえます。"},"sources":["imny-jpbank-receive"]},{"slug":"swift-bic","term":"SWIFT／BICコード","reading":"sifuto / bīaishī kōdo","english":"SWIFT/BIC code","cluster":"remittance","definition":{"en":"The international code identifying a specific bank in a cross-border payment message.","ja":"国際送金メッセージで特定の銀行を識別する国際的なコード。"},"sources":["swift-about"]},{"slug":"iban","term":"IBAN","reading":"aibān","english":"International Bank Account Number","cluster":"remittance","definition":{"en":"A standardized account identifier used in Europe and many other countries, given by the recipient for an international transfer.","ja":"欧州など多くの国で使う標準化された口座識別子。国際送金で受取人が提示します。"},"sources":["swift-about"]},{"slug":"kumimodoshi","term":"組戻","reading":"kumimodoshi","english":"Recall of a transfer","cluster":"remittance","definition":{"en":"A request to return a transfer after it has been released. The recipient or correspondent may reject it, and fees and FX losses can reduce the refund.","ja":"送金の実行後に返還を求める手続き。受取人や中継銀行が拒否することがあり、手数料や為替差損で返金が減りえます。"},"sources":["imny-mizuho-remit"]},{"slug":"dcc","term":"ダイナミック・カレンシー・コンバージョン（DCC）","reading":"dainamikku karenshī konbājon","english":"Dynamic currency conversion","cluster":"remittance","definition":{"en":"When a foreign merchant or ATM offers to convert a transaction into yen at their rate. It usually costs more — choose the local currency.","ja":"海外の店舗やATMが取引を先方のレートで円に変換すると申し出る仕組み。たいてい割高——現地通貨を選びましょう。"},"sources":["visa-dcc"]},{"slug":"gaika-yokin","term":"外貨預金","reading":"gaika yokin","english":"Foreign-currency deposit","cluster":"remittance","definition":{"en":"A bank deposit denominated in a foreign currency. It can reduce repeated conversions but exposes you to exchange-rate risk and a spread on entry and exit.","ja":"外貨建ての銀行預金。繰り返しの両替を減らせますが、為替リスクと出入りのスプレッドにさらされます。"},"sources":["remit-sony-guide"]},{"slug":"soukin-mokuteki","term":"送金目的","reading":"sōkin mokuteki","english":"Purpose of remittance","cluster":"remittance","definition":{"en":"The declared economic reason for a transfer (tuition, family support, salary, investment, purchase). A vague purpose can trigger review.","ja":"送金の申告上の経済的理由（学費・家族支援・給与・投資・購入など）。曖昧な目的は審査を招きえます。"},"sources":["fsa-remit-guidance"]},{"slug":"shikin-gen","term":"資金源","reading":"shikingen","english":"Source of funds","cluster":"remittance","definition":{"en":"The immediate origin of transferred money — salary, savings, a sale, inheritance, a loan, or business revenue — that a provider may ask you to evidence.","ja":"送金するお金の直近の出所（給与・貯蓄・売却・相続・借入・事業収入など）。業者が証明を求めることがあります。"},"sources":["fsa-remit-guidance"]},{"slug":"hokenryo","term":"保険料","reading":"hokenryō","english":"Premium","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"The price paid for insurance — monthly, annually, or as a lump sum. It can be level, age-banded, or repriced higher on renewal.","ja":"保険の対価として月払・年払・一時払で支払う金額。平準・年齢区分別のほか、更新時に高くなる場合があります。"},"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"]},{"slug":"menseki-kingaku","term":"免責金額","reading":"menseki kingaku","english":"Deductible","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"The portion of a loss you pay yourself before or alongside the insurer’s payment. Common in pet, travel, property, and vehicle-damage cover.","ja":"保険金支払の前または同時に自己負担する金額。ペット・旅行・火災・車両保険で一般的です。"},"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"]},{"slug":"menseki-jiyu","term":"免責事由","reading":"menseki jiyū","english":"Exclusion","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"A circumstance that prevents payment — for example intentional loss, war, an unlisted driver, or a diagnosis that does not meet the policy definition.","ja":"保険金が支払われない事由。故意・戦争・記名外運転者・約款の定義に該当しない診断などが典型です。"},"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"]},{"slug":"taiki-kikan","term":"待機期間","reading":"taiki kikan","english":"Waiting period","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"A period after enrollment when some events are not covered. Cancer policies commonly use a roughly 90-day exclusion period.","ja":"加入後、一定期間は補償されない期間。がん保険では約90日の不担保期間が一般的です。"},"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"]},{"slug":"teiki-hoken","term":"定期保険","reading":"teiki hoken","english":"Term insurance","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"Protection for a fixed number of years or to a set age. Usually little or no surrender value; renewal can sharply raise the premium.","ja":"一定年数または一定年齢までの保障。解約返戻金はほぼ無く、更新で保険料が大きく上がることがあります。"},"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"]},{"slug":"shushin-hoken","term":"終身保険","reading":"shūshin hoken","english":"Whole-life insurance","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"Lifetime death cover if premiums are maintained. Some designs build surrender value, but early cancellation can return far less than premiums paid.","ja":"保険料を払い込む限り一生涯の死亡保障。解約返戻金がある設計もありますが、早期解約は払込額を大きく下回ることがあります。"},"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"]},{"slug":"kaiyaku-henreikin","term":"解約返戻金","reading":"kaiyaku henreikin","english":"Surrender value","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"The amount payable if a cash-value life or annuity contract is cancelled. It is not a bank deposit and can be low in the early years.","ja":"貯蓄型の生命保険・年金を解約した際に戻る金額。預金とは異なり、早期は少額になり得ます。"},"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"]},{"slug":"tokuyaku","term":"特約","reading":"tokuyaku","english":"Rider","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"Optional coverage attached to a main policy, such as advanced medical treatment, premium waiver, personal liability, or women’s illness.","ja":"主契約に付加する任意の保障。先進医療・保険料払込免除・個人賠償・女性疾病などがあります。"},"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"]},{"slug":"kokuchi","term":"告知","reading":"kokuchi","english":"Disclosure","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"The answers an applicant must give accurately. Material omission or misstatement can void cover or allow the insurer to refuse a claim.","ja":"申込者が正確に答える義務のある告知。重要事項の不告知・虚偽は解除や保険金不払いの原因となり得ます。"},"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"]},{"slug":"hikiuke-satei","term":"引受査定","reading":"hikiuke satei","english":"Underwriting","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"The insurer’s assessment of health, occupation, or other risk. Acceptance may be standard, rated, restricted, postponed, or declined.","ja":"健康・職業などのリスク評価。標準・割増・部位不担保・延期・謝絶などの結果があります。"},"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"]},{"slug":"kougaku-ryoyohi","term":"高額療養費","reading":"kōgaku ryōyōhi","english":"High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"A public-insurance mechanism that caps eligible medical cost-sharing within a calendar month by age and income category.","ja":"公的医療保険の制度で、暦月内の対象自己負担を年齢・所得区分に応じて上限までに抑えます。"},"sources":["mhlw-high-cost"]},{"slug":"shobyo-teate","term":"傷病手当金","reading":"shōbyō teate-kin","english":"Sickness and injury allowance","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"Employee health-insurance income support for eligible non-work illness or injury, broadly two-thirds of standard remuneration.","ja":"会社員の健康保険で、業務外の病気・けがで働けない場合の所得保障。おおむね標準報酬の3分の2です。"},"sources":["kyoukaikenpo-sickness"]},{"slug":"jibaiseki","term":"自賠責保険","reading":"jibaiseki hoken","english":"Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"Mandatory motor-vehicle cover for bodily injury or death of accident victims. It excludes property damage, your own vehicle, and liability above statutory limits.","ja":"自動車事故の被害者の死傷を補償する強制保険。対物・自車・法定限度超の賠償は対象外です。"},"sources":["mlit-cali"]},{"slug":"nini-hoken","term":"任意保険","reading":"nin’i hoken","english":"Voluntary automobile insurance","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"Optional car insurance covering third-party liability, own injury, vehicle damage, legal expenses, and roadside assistance beyond compulsory cover.","ja":"自賠責を超える対人・対物賠償、搭乗者傷害、車両損害、弁護士費用、ロードサービスなどを補う任意の自動車保険。"},"sources":["sonpo-auto"]},{"slug":"kasai-hoken","term":"火災保険","reading":"kasai hoken","english":"Fire insurance","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"Property cover for selected risks such as fire, wind, and water damage. Flood, accidental damage, and earthquake are separate modules.","ja":"火災・風災・水濡れなど選択した危険を補償する住宅の保険。水災・破損・地震は別の補償です。"},"sources":["sonpo-earthquake"]},{"slug":"kojin-baisho","term":"個人賠償責任","reading":"kojin baishō sekinin","english":"Personal liability","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"Cover for everyday legal liability — a child breaking property, a cycling accident, or certain water-leak claims. One household policy often suffices.","ja":"日常生活での法律上の賠償責任（子どもの破損・自転車事故・漏水など）を補償。世帯で1契約あれば足りることが多いです。"},"sources":["giaj"]},{"slug":"shakuya-baisho","term":"借家人賠償責任","reading":"shakuya-nin baishō sekinin","english":"Tenant liability","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"A renter’s liability to the landlord for specified damage to the rented property, distinct from contents cover and personal liability.","ja":"借主が貸主に対して負う、賃借物件の所定の損害に対する賠償責任。家財補償や個人賠償とは別です。"},"sources":["giaj"]},{"slug":"gan-hoken","term":"がん保険","reading":"gan hoken","english":"Cancer insurance","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"Cover paying contract-defined cash on cancer diagnosis or treatment, subject to a waiting period, definitions, recurrence rules, and limits.","ja":"がんの診断・治療に対し約款所定の給付を支払う保険。待機期間・定義・再発ルール・限度が適用されます。"},"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"]},{"slug":"iryo-hoken-minkan","term":"医療保険","reading":"iryō hoken","english":"Private medical insurance","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"Private cover paying fixed hospitalization, surgery, or treatment benefits. It supplements, and does not replace, public health insurance.","ja":"入院・手術・治療に定額給付を支払う民間保険。公的医療保険を置き換えるものではなく補完します。"},"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"]},{"slug":"shugyo-funo","term":"就業不能保険","reading":"shūgyō funō hoken","english":"Income protection insurance","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"Monthly benefits after a waiting period when the insured meets the contract’s inability-to-work definition; short illness and unemployment are usually excluded.","ja":"待期後、約款の就業不能の定義に該当した場合に月額給付を支払う保険。短期療養や失業は通常対象外です。"},"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"]},{"slug":"kojin-nenkin","term":"個人年金保険","reading":"kojin nenkin hoken","english":"Private annuity","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"A savings-type contract providing retirement income, sometimes in foreign currency. Compare with iDeCo, NISA, fees, and inflation before buying.","ja":"老後の受取を目的とする貯蓄型保険（外貨建てもあり）。iDeCo・NISA・手数料・インフレと比較して検討します。"},"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"]},{"slug":"gakushi-hoken","term":"学資保険","reading":"gakushi hoken","english":"Education insurance","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"Scheduled education payouts with a premium-waiver feature on the policyholder’s death or disability. Liquidity and returns are limited.","ja":"契約者の死亡・所定の障害で払込免除となる、教育資金の受取を組み込んだ保険。流動性・利回りは限定的です。"},"sources":["fsa-insurance-consumer"]},{"slug":"kaigo-hoken-minkan","term":"民間介護保険","reading":"minkan kaigo hoken","english":"Private nursing-care insurance","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"A lump sum or annuity paid when the insured reaches a contract-defined care state or public care level. It does not replace public Long-Term Care Insurance.","ja":"約款所定の要介護状態や公的介護度に達した場合に一時金・年金を支払う保険。公的介護保険を置き換えるものではありません。"},"sources":["mhlw-ltci"]},{"slug":"pet-hoken","term":"ペット保険","reading":"petto hoken","english":"Pet insurance","cluster":"insurance","definition":{"en":"Reimbursement of eligible veterinary costs at a set percentage, subject to waiting periods, annual and daily limits, deductibles, and exclusions.","ja":"対象の動物病院費用を一定割合で補償。待機期間・年間や日額の限度・免責・除外が適用されます。"},"sources":["giaj"]}],"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","type":"regulator","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"NISA 2024 system","ja":"NISA 2024 system"},"publisher":{"en":"Financial Services Agency","ja":"Financial Services Agency"}},{"id":"ideco-official","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","type":"government","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Official iDeCo guide","ja":"Official iDeCo guide"},"publisher":{"en":"National Pension Fund Association","ja":"National Pension Fund Association"}},{"id":"jps-pension-system","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/nationalpension/nationalpension.html","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"National Pension system","ja":"National Pension system"},"publisher":{"en":"Japan Pension Service","ja":"Japan Pension Service"}},{"id":"jps-employees-pension","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/employeespension/employee.html","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Employees’ Pension Insurance","ja":"Employees’ Pension Insurance"},"publisher":{"en":"Japan Pension Service","ja":"Japan Pension Service"}},{"id":"rakuten-account","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/account/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Rakuten Securities: account","ja":"Rakuten Securities: account"},"publisher":{"en":"Rakuten Securities","ja":"Rakuten Securities"}},{"id":"rakuten-nisa","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/nisa/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Rakuten Securities: nisa","ja":"Rakuten Securities: nisa"},"publisher":{"en":"Rakuten Securities","ja":"Rakuten Securities"}},{"id":"rakuten-ideco","url":"https://dc.rakuten-sec.co.jp/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Rakuten Securities: ideco","ja":"Rakuten Securities: ideco"},"publisher":{"en":"Rakuten Securities","ja":"Rakuten Securities"}},{"id":"rakuten-markets","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/product/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Rakuten Securities: markets","ja":"Rakuten Securities: markets"},"publisher":{"en":"Rakuten Securities","ja":"Rakuten Securities"}},{"id":"rakuten-recurring","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/fund/saving/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Rakuten Securities: recurring","ja":"Rakuten Securities: recurring"},"publisher":{"en":"Rakuten Securities","ja":"Rakuten Securities"}},{"id":"rakuten-card-investment","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/fund/saving/card.html","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Rakuten Securities: card-investment","ja":"Rakuten Securities: card-investment"},"publisher":{"en":"Rakuten Securities","ja":"Rakuten Securities"}},{"id":"rakuten-points","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/service/point/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Rakuten Securities: points","ja":"Rakuten Securities: points"},"publisher":{"en":"Rakuten Securities","ja":"Rakuten Securities"}},{"id":"rakuten-fees","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/commission/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Rakuten Securities: fees","ja":"Rakuten Securities: fees"},"publisher":{"en":"Rakuten Securities","ja":"Rakuten Securities"}},{"id":"rakuten-transfer","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/service/transfer/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Rakuten Securities: transfer","ja":"Rakuten Securities: transfer"},"publisher":{"en":"Rakuten Securities","ja":"Rakuten Securities"}},{"id":"rakuten-departure","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/support/procedures/non-resident/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Rakuten Securities: departure","ja":"Rakuten Securities: departure"},"publisher":{"en":"Rakuten Securities","ja":"Rakuten Securities"}},{"id":"sbi-account","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/ETGate/?_ControlID=WPLETmgR001Control","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"SBI Securities: account","ja":"SBI Securities: account"},"publisher":{"en":"SBI Securities","ja":"SBI Securities"}},{"id":"sbi-nisa","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/nisa","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"SBI Securities: nisa","ja":"SBI Securities: nisa"},"publisher":{"en":"SBI Securities","ja":"SBI Securities"}},{"id":"sbi-ideco","url":"https://go.sbisec.co.jp/prd/ideco/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"SBI Securities: ideco","ja":"SBI Securities: ideco"},"publisher":{"en":"SBI Securities","ja":"SBI Securities"}},{"id":"sbi-markets","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/product","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"SBI Securities: markets","ja":"SBI Securities: markets"},"publisher":{"en":"SBI Securities","ja":"SBI Securities"}},{"id":"sbi-recurring","url":"https://go.sbisec.co.jp/prd/fund/creditcard/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"SBI Securities: recurring","ja":"SBI Securities: recurring"},"publisher":{"en":"SBI Securities","ja":"SBI Securities"}},{"id":"sbi-card-investment","url":"https://go.sbisec.co.jp/prd/fund/creditcard/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"SBI Securities: card-investment","ja":"SBI Securities: card-investment"},"publisher":{"en":"SBI Securities","ja":"SBI Securities"}},{"id":"sbi-points","url":"https://go.sbisec.co.jp/lp/lp_pointservice.html","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"SBI Securities: points","ja":"SBI Securities: points"},"publisher":{"en":"SBI Securities","ja":"SBI Securities"}},{"id":"sbi-fees","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"SBI Securities: fees","ja":"SBI Securities: fees"},"publisher":{"en":"SBI Securities","ja":"SBI Securities"}},{"id":"sbi-transfer","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/support","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"SBI Securities: transfer","ja":"SBI Securities: transfer"},"publisher":{"en":"SBI Securities","ja":"SBI Securities"}},{"id":"sbi-departure","url":"https://faq.sbisec.co.jp/answer/5ef2c27a144d40001145e06e","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"SBI Securities: departure","ja":"SBI Securities: departure"},"publisher":{"en":"SBI Securities","ja":"SBI Securities"}},{"id":"monex-account","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/account/index.html","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-07-30","title":{"en":"Monex Securities: 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Agency"}},{"id":"jhf-repayment-ratio","url":"https://www.flat35.com/user/simulation/index.html","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Flat 35 repayment-ratio and simulation","ja":"Flat 35 repayment-ratio and simulation"},"publisher":{"en":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","ja":"Japan Housing Finance Agency"}},{"id":"aruhi-flat35","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"ARUHI Flat 35 rates and products","ja":"ARUHI Flat 35 rates and products"},"publisher":{"en":"ARUHI Corporation","ja":"ARUHI Corporation"}},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Housing loan rates and products","ja":"Housing loan rates and products"},"publisher":{"en":"MUFG Bank","ja":"MUFG Bank"}},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Housing loan interest rates","ja":"Housing loan interest rates"},"publisher":{"en":"Mizuho Bank","ja":"Mizuho Bank"}},{"id":"resona-mortgage","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Housing loan rates and products","ja":"Housing loan rates and products"},"publisher":{"en":"Resona Bank","ja":"Resona Bank"}},{"id":"jibun-mortgage","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","ja":"au Jibun Bank housing loan"},"publisher":{"en":"au Jibun Bank","ja":"au Jibun Bank"}},{"id":"sumishin-mortgage","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/contents/lineup/homeloan/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"WEB-course housing loan","ja":"WEB-course housing loan"},"publisher":{"en":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank","ja":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank"}},{"id":"paypay-mortgage","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/mortgage/index.html","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"PayPay Bank mortgage","ja":"PayPay Bank mortgage"},"publisher":{"en":"PayPay Bank","ja":"PayPay Bank"}},{"id":"shinsei-mortgage","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/powersmart/homeloan/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"PowerSmart housing loan","ja":"PowerSmart housing loan"},"publisher":{"en":"SBI Shinsei Bank","ja":"SBI Shinsei Bank"}},{"id":"prestia-mortgage","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","ja":"PRESTIA mortgage loan"},"publisher":{"en":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","ja":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA"}},{"id":"tokyostar-mortgage","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Star Mortgage housing loan","ja":"Star Mortgage housing loan"},"publisher":{"en":"Tokyo Star Bank","ja":"Tokyo Star Bank"}},{"id":"suruga-mortgage","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Foreign-national home loan","ja":"Foreign-national home loan"},"publisher":{"en":"Suruga Bank","ja":"Suruga Bank"}},{"id":"fsa-moneylending","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","type":"regulator","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","ja":"Money Lending Business Act guidance"},"publisher":{"en":"Financial Services Agency","ja":"Financial Services Agency"}},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","type":"government","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Real Estate Information Library","ja":"Real Estate Information Library"},"publisher":{"en":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","ja":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism"}},{"id":"mlit-inspection","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","type":"government","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Existing-home condition inspection framework","ja":"Existing-home condition inspection framework"},"publisher":{"en":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","ja":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism"}},{"id":"mlit-repair-plan","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","type":"government","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Condominium long-term repair plan guidance","ja":"Condominium long-term repair plan guidance"},"publisher":{"en":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","ja":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism"}},{"id":"mlit-minpaku","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","type":"government","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Private-lodging (minpaku) portal","ja":"Private-lodging (minpaku) portal"},"publisher":{"en":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","ja":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT"}},{"id":"reins-market","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","type":"industry-body","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"REINS Market Information","ja":"REINS Market Information"},"publisher":{"en":"Real Estate Information Network System","ja":"Real Estate Information Network System"}},{"id":"mlit-land-survey","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_fr4_000043.html","type":"government","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Official land-price survey","ja":"Official land-price survey"},"publisher":{"en":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","ja":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism"}},{"id":"stat-housing-survey","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","type":"government","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Housing and Land Survey","ja":"Housing and Land Survey"},"publisher":{"en":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","ja":"Statistics Bureau of Japan"}},{"id":"gia-earthquake","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","type":"industry-body","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Earthquake insurance 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tracking"},"publisher":{"en":"SWIFT","ja":"SWIFT"}},{"id":"zengin-system","url":"https://www.zengin-net.jp/","type":"industry-body","official":false,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Zengin domestic funds-transfer system","ja":"Zengin domestic funds-transfer system"},"publisher":{"en":"Japanese Banks’ Payment Clearing Network","ja":"Japanese Banks’ Payment Clearing Network"}},{"id":"visa-dcc","url":"https://www.visa.co.jp/pay-with-visa/featured-technologies/dynamic-currency-conversion.html","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Dynamic currency conversion guidance","ja":"Dynamic currency conversion guidance"},"publisher":{"en":"Visa","ja":"Visa"}},{"id":"mastercard-dcc","url":"https://www.mastercard.us/en-us/personal/get-support/dynamic-currency-conversion.html","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Dynamic currency conversion explained","ja":"Dynamic currency conversion explained"},"publisher":{"en":"Mastercard","ja":"Mastercard"}},{"id":"card-sony-wallet","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/visa/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Sony Bank WALLET overseas use and fees","ja":"Sony Bank WALLET overseas use and fees"},"publisher":{"en":"Sony Bank","ja":"Sony Bank"}},{"id":"card-prestia-globalpass","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/globalpass/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"PRESTIA GLOBAL PASS multi-currency debit","ja":"PRESTIA GLOBAL PASS multi-currency debit"},"publisher":{"en":"SMBC Trust Bank","ja":"SMBC Trust Bank"}},{"id":"card-epos-overseas","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/en/index.html","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"EPOS card overseas usage","ja":"EPOS card overseas usage"},"publisher":{"en":"EPOS Card","ja":"EPOS Card"}},{"id":"card-smbc-overseas","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/support/kaigai/index.jsp","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"SMBC Card overseas transaction handling fee","ja":"SMBC Card overseas transaction handling fee"},"publisher":{"en":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","ja":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card"}},{"id":"imny-mufg-remit","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/tsukau/kaigai/okuru/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"MUFG overseas remittance service and fees","ja":"MUFG overseas remittance service and fees"},"publisher":{"en":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","ja":"MUFG Bank, Ltd."}},{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","ja":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees"},"publisher":{"en":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","ja":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation"}},{"id":"imny-mizuho-remit","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Mizuho overseas remittance service and fees","ja":"Mizuho overseas remittance service and fees"},"publisher":{"en":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","ja":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd."}},{"id":"imny-jpbank-remit","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_index.html","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Japan Post Bank international remittance","ja":"Japan Post Bank international remittance"},"publisher":{"en":"Japan Post Bank","ja":"Japan Post Bank"}},{"id":"imny-jpbank-receive","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Japan Post Bank receiving money from abroad","ja":"Japan Post Bank receiving money from abroad"},"publisher":{"en":"Japan Post Bank","ja":"Japan Post Bank"}},{"id":"imny-rakuten-remit","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/geo/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Rakuten Bank international remittance","ja":"Rakuten Bank international remittance"},"publisher":{"en":"Rakuten Bank, Ltd.","ja":"Rakuten Bank, Ltd."}},{"id":"imny-resona-remit","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/gaika/kaigai_soukin/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Resona Bank overseas remittance","ja":"Resona Bank overseas remittance"},"publisher":{"en":"Resona Bank, Limited","ja":"Resona Bank, Limited"}},{"id":"imny-shinsei-remit","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/english/foreign/receive.html","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"SBI Shinsei Bank receiving foreign remittances","ja":"SBI Shinsei Bank receiving foreign remittances"},"publisher":{"en":"SBI Shinsei Bank","ja":"SBI Shinsei Bank"}},{"id":"imny-sbi-remit","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"SBI Remit international money transfer","ja":"SBI Remit international money transfer"},"publisher":{"en":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","ja":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd."}},{"id":"imny-dcom","url":"https://www.dcom-money.co.jp/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"DCOM Money Express remittance","ja":"DCOM Money Express remittance"},"publisher":{"en":"D.Communications Co., Ltd.","ja":"D.Communications Co., Ltd."}},{"id":"imny-smiles","url":"https://www.smiles.co.jp/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Smiles Mobile Remittance","ja":"Smiles Mobile Remittance"},"publisher":{"en":"Digital Wallet Corporation","ja":"Digital Wallet Corporation"}},{"id":"imny-kyodai","url":"https://www.kyodai-remittance.com/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Kyodai Remittance","ja":"Kyodai Remittance"},"publisher":{"en":"Unidos Co., Ltd.","ja":"Unidos Co., Ltd."}},{"id":"imny-payoneer","url":"https://www.payoneer.com/","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Payoneer cross-border payments and pricing","ja":"Payoneer cross-border payments and pricing"},"publisher":{"en":"Payoneer","ja":"Payoneer"}},{"id":"imny-paypal-jp","url":"https://www.paypal.com/jp/webapps/mpp/home","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"PayPal Japan payments and fees","ja":"PayPal Japan payments and fees"},"publisher":{"en":"PayPal","ja":"PayPal"}},{"id":"imny-airwallex-jp","url":"https://www.airwallex.com/jp","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Airwallex Japan availability","ja":"Airwallex Japan availability"},"publisher":{"en":"Airwallex","ja":"Airwallex"}},{"id":"imny-wise-limits","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","type":"official-provider","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Wise sending and holding limits","ja":"Wise sending and holding limits"},"publisher":{"en":"Wise","ja":"Wise"}},{"id":"fsa-crypto","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/kasoutuka.pdf","type":"regulator","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Registered crypto-asset exchange service providers","ja":"Registered crypto-asset exchange service providers"},"publisher":{"en":"Financial Services Agency","ja":"Financial Services Agency"}},{"id":"fsa-remit-guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/kaigaisoukin/","type":"regulator","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Advice on overseas remittance and registered providers","ja":"Advice on overseas remittance and registered providers"},"publisher":{"en":"Financial Services Agency","ja":"Financial Services Agency"}},{"id":"nta-foreign-assets","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/hotei/7456.htm","type":"government","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Report of foreign assets (kokugai zaisan chosho)","ja":"Report of foreign assets (kokugai zaisan chosho)"},"publisher":{"en":"National Tax Agency","ja":"National Tax Agency"}},{"id":"customs-cash-declaration","url":"https://www.customs.go.jp/kaigairyoko/notification.htm","type":"government","official":true,"accessed":"2026-08-01","title":{"en":"Declaration of means of payment when travelling","ja":"Declaration of means of payment when travelling"},"publisher":{"en":"Japan Customs","ja":"Japan Customs"}}],"documents":[{"id":"cluster:banking:en","entityId":"cluster:banking","entityType":"cluster","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Banking","plainText":"Open the right account, understand fees, and fix common problems.\nA Japanese bank account is the anchor of daily money life: salary deposits, rent and utility auto-payments (口座振替), and the account you link to cards, brokerages, and remittance apps. Most residents can open an account once they have a residence card and, often, a My Number and a Japanese phone number and address.\nLegacy megabanks (MUFG, SMBC, Mizuho) offer branches and broad recognition, while online banks (Rakuten Bank, Sony Bank, SBI) usually offer better apps, lower fees, and stronger integration with points and investing. A few banks — notably SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA and Sony Bank — are known for English support and foreign-currency features.\nThe practical questions are almost always the same: which documents you need, whether the app and support work in English, what ATM and transfer fees apply, and how to handle name formatting (katakana), address changes, and residence-card updates. Those are the things this section helps you research before you apply.\nA residence card is the core ID; some banks also ask for My Number, a Japanese phone number, and a few months of residency.\nOnline banks usually beat megabanks on fees and app quality; megabanks help when you need branches or corporate dealings.\nFor English support and foreign currency, SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA and Sony Bank are the names people research first.\nATM and transfer fees vary widely; many online banks waive a set number of fees per month based on your account tier.\nYour bank name is usually registered in katakana — keep it consistent across cards, utilities, and your employer.\nUpdate your registered address and residence status when they change to avoid a frozen or restricted account.\nNever share one-time passwords or app approval codes; banks will not ask for them by phone or email.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banking","relationships":{"guides":["guide:opening-a-bank-account-in-japan","guide:best-banks-for-foreigners-japan"],"faqs":["faq:bank-documents","faq:bank-english","faq:bank-online-vs-mega","faq:bank-frozen","faq:bank-no-job"],"products":["product:sony-bank","product:smbc-prestia","product:rakuten-bank","product:shinsei-bank","product:japan-post-bank"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","title":"Payment and Settlement Systems","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jftc-guarantee","publisher":"Japanese Bankers Association (JBA)","title":"Japanese Bankers Association","url":"https://www.zenginkyo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"immi-residence","publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","title":"Immigration Services Agency","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"cluster:credit-cards:en","entityId":"cluster:credit-cards","entityType":"cluster","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Credit cards","plainText":"Get approved, avoid revolving-debt traps, and earn points that fit your life.\nA credit card in Japan is useful for online shopping, recurring bills, travel, and building a domestic payment history. Approval depends on stable income and residency more than on a foreign credit score, which does not transfer. Many residents start with an issuer tied to a shopping ecosystem — for example Rakuten Card or Epos — because approval is often accessible and points are easy to use.\nThe biggest trap is リボ払い (revolving payment), which spreads balances over time at high effective interest and is sometimes enabled by default or nudged during sign-up. Choosing 一括払い (pay-in-full) each month avoids interest entirely. Annual fees, point ecosystems, and English support are the other decisions worth researching.\nIf you are rejected, it is usually about employment length, income documentation, or too many recent applications — not nationality. Waiting, applying to a more accessible issuer, or building history with one card first are common next steps.\nForeign credit scores do not transfer; Japanese approval looks at income stability and residency.\nPay 一括払い (in full) to avoid interest; treat リボ払い (revolving) as something to switch off, not a feature.\nEcosystem cards (Rakuten, Epos, and similar) are common first cards for accessible approval and easy points.\nMatch the point ecosystem to where you actually spend — one strong ecosystem usually beats several weak ones.\nAnnual-fee cards can pay off through travel insurance, lounge access, or higher rewards — only if you use the benefits.\nA rejection is usually about employment length or too many recent applications, not nationality.\nリボ払い (revolving) and repeated cash advances carry high effective interest; read the payment setting before you sign up.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/credit-cards","relationships":{"guides":["guide:getting-a-credit-card-in-japan","guide:avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai"],"faqs":["faq:card-foreigner-approval","faq:card-rejected","faq:card-riborai","faq:card-first-card","faq:card-annual-fee"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card","product:amex-jp"]},"sources":[{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jicc-credit","publisher":"JICC","title":"Japan Credit Information Reference Center","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"cluster:investing:en","entityId":"cluster:investing","entityType":"cluster","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA & investing","plainText":"Understand NISA and iDeCo, pick a brokerage, and learn risk before you buy.\nFor most residents, tax-advantaged accounts come first. NISA is a tax-free investment account: since the 2024 renewal it has an annual limit of ¥3.6M (¥1.2M tsumitate + ¥2.4M growth), a ¥18M lifetime limit, and no time limit on the tax exemption. iDeCo is a private defined-contribution pension: contributions reduce taxable income now, but the money is locked until age 60.\nYou open these at a securities company (brokerage). Rakuten Securities and SBI Securities dominate for low-cost index funds, English-adjacent resources, and point integration; Monex is another common choice. Inside the account, most beginners research broad, low-fee index funds (for example all-country or S&P 500 trackers) rather than individual stocks.\nTwo cross-border cautions matter. US citizens and green-card holders face PFIC reporting problems with Japanese funds and should get specialist advice. And NISA is a residents’ benefit — leaving Japan generally means you must close or stop contributing, so plan the exit before you build a large balance.\nNew NISA (2024): ¥3.6M/year total, ¥18M lifetime, tax-free gains with no expiry — usually the first account to fund.\niDeCo cuts your taxable income now but locks funds until 60; contribution limits depend on your pension category.\nRakuten Securities and SBI Securities are the default low-cost brokerages; Monex is a common alternative.\nMost beginners research broad index funds (all-country / S&P 500) over individual stock picking.\nUS persons: Japanese mutual funds can be PFICs with heavy US reporting — get cross-border tax advice first.\nNISA is for residents — plan what happens to the account before you leave Japan.\nThis is education, not a recommendation to buy any security. Returns are not guaranteed and you can lose money.\nUS citizens and green-card holders should get specialist advice before opening NISA or buying Japanese funds.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing","relationships":{"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:saving-vs-investing","guide:investment-risk-explained","guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:compound-growth","guide:lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:currency-risk-yen","guide:currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:nisa-dividends","guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse","guide:nisa-old-vs-current","guide:nisa-when-not-first","guide:nisa-common-mistakes","guide:brokerage-failure-protection","guide:investor-deposit-protection","guide:check-broker-license-and-scams","guide:investment-products-japan","guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks","guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:high-dividend-investing","guide:reits-japan","guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:japanese-government-bonds","guide:credit-card-investing","guide:robo-advisors-japan","guide:global-equity-funds","guide:us-equity-funds","guide:all-country-vs-sp500","guide:japan-equity-funds","guide:bond-funds","guide:balanced-funds","guide:esg-investing","guide:target-date-funds","guide:investing-for-beginners","guide:small-monthly-budget-investing","guide:investing-for-retirement","guide:high-income-investing","guide:global-investors-japan","guide:advised-investing-japan","guide:temporary-residents-investing","guide:specified-vs-general-accounts","guide:nisa-vs-taxable-account","guide:capital-gains-and-losses","guide:taxes-on-dividends","guide:foreign-investment-income-tax","guide:investment-records-and-statements","guide:cash-deposits-vs-bonds","guide:corporate-pensions-japan","guide:how-stock-and-fund-orders-work","guide:portfolio-rebalancing","guide:portfolio-maintenance","guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:brokerage-name-matching","guide:moving-abroad-with-investments","guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","guide:pfic-japanese-funds","guide:fbar-form-8938","guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokerage-fees-compared","guide:brokerage-account-requirements","guide:online-vs-full-service-brokers","guide:brokers-for-beginners","guide:brokers-english-support","guide:brokers-for-foreign-residents","guide:points-investing","guide:is-credit-card-investing-worth-it","guide:brokers-for-nisa","guide:brokers-for-mutual-funds","guide:brokers-for-us-stocks","guide:brokers-for-japanese-stocks","guide:brokers-for-small-investments","guide:brokers-for-active-traders","guide:sbi-vs-rakuten","guide:sbi-vs-monex","guide:rakuten-vs-monex","guide:ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers","guide:online-vs-major-traditional-brokers","guide:nisa-open-account","guide:nisa-choose-broker","guide:nisa-change-broker","guide:recurring-investment-allowance","guide:growth-investment-allowance","guide:nisa-for-foreign-residents","guide:nisa-for-dual-citizens","guide:investing-in-japan-complete-guide","guide:investing-methodology","guide:investing-data-updates"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan","faq:nisa-us-citizen","faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"cluster:tax:en","entityId":"cluster:tax","entityType":"cluster","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Tax","plainText":"Residency, income tax, resident tax, deductions, and cross-border filing.\nJapan taxes you based on your residency status: non-resident, non-permanent resident, or permanent resident for tax purposes (distinct from immigration status). This determines whether only Japan-source income or worldwide income is taxable. Most employees have income tax withheld and settled through year-end adjustment (年末調整), so they never file a return — but side income, two employers, large medical expenses, or investment income can require a tax return (確定申告).\nTwo taxes run in parallel: national income tax (progressive) and local resident tax (住民税, roughly 10%), which is billed the year after the income is earned. New arrivals often get a surprise resident-tax bill in their second year, and people leaving Japan can owe resident tax after they depart.\nPopular tools reduce tax: Furusato Nozei (ふるさと納税) turns part of your resident tax into local-government gifts, and deductions exist for medical costs, dependents, insurance, and iDeCo. Filing is done through e-Tax or at the tax office in the Feb 16 – Mar 15 window. For crypto, foreign assets, or US/Japan overlap, professional advice is worthwhile.\nYour tax residency category (non-resident / non-permanent / permanent) decides what income Japan can tax.\nMost employees are settled by year-end adjustment; side income or investment gains can trigger a 確定申告 return.\nResident tax (~10%) is billed the year after you earn — budget for a second-year bill and an exit bill.\nFurusato Nozei lets you redirect part of your resident tax to local governments for gifts, minus a ¥2,000 cost.\nFiling season is Feb 16 – Mar 15 via e-Tax or the tax office; deductions need documentation.\nCrypto is taxed as miscellaneous income at your marginal rate, not the flat rate used for stocks.\nTax situations differ; this is general education. For cross-border, crypto, or business tax, consult a licensed 税理士 (tax accountant).","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax","relationships":{"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan","guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule","guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund","guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","guide:japan-tax-return-deadlines","guide:japan-tax-calendar","guide:how-to-use-e-tax","guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan","guide:how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan","guide:mistake-on-your-tax-return","guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan","guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes","guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices","guide:japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","guide:national-vs-municipal-tax-problems","guide:employee-taxes-in-japan","guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","guide:year-end-adjustment-guide","guide:taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job","guide:taxes-on-employee-side-income","guide:remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan","guide:severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","guide:why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes","guide:japan-basic-deduction","guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","guide:dependent-deduction-in-japan","guide:medical-expense-deduction","guide:self-medication-tax-deduction","guide:mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan","guide:insurance-and-pension-premium-deductions","guide:ideco-tax-deduction","guide:small-business-mutual-aid-tax-deduction","guide:furusato-nozei-explained","guide:furusato-nozei-one-stop-vs-tax-return","guide:freelancer-taxes-in-japan","guide:individual-enterprise-tax","guide:home-office-expenses","guide:equipment-and-depreciation","guide:paying-family-members-from-a-business","guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","guide:japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold","guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax","guide:the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","guide:consumption-tax-for-landlords-and-property-owners","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan","guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","guide:how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses","guide:how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance","guide:taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages","guide:pension-income-tax","guide:retirement-income-tax","guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing","guide:property-taxes-in-japan","guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:deductible-rental-property-expenses","guide:rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements","guide:rental-property-depreciation","guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","guide:fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes","guide:mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit","guide:nonresident-landlord-taxes","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained","guide:worldwide-vs-japan-source-income","guide:foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","guide:double-tax-treaties-explained","guide:moving-to-japan-tax-checklist","guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","guide:tax-representative-guide","guide:japan-exit-tax-guide","guide:pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax","guide:taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan","guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion","guide:fbar-for-americans-in-japan","guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","guide:nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk","guide:gift-tax-in-japan","guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan","guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","guide:inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents","guide:automobile-taxes-in-japan","guide:stamp-tax-in-japan","guide:international-tourist-tax-and-departure-charges","guide:when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant","guide:types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status","faq:tax-need-to-file","faq:tax-resident-tax-timing","faq:tax-furusato","faq:tax-crypto","faq:tax-200000-rule","faq:tax-deduction-vs-credit","faq:tax-medical-deduction","faq:tax-yea-vs-return","faq:tax-late-filing","faq:tax-consumption-threshold","faq:tax-invoice-register","faq:tax-stock-losses","faq:tax-us-citizen","faq:tax-leaving-japan"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-etax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"e-Tax National Tax Electronic Filing","url":"https://www.e-tax.nta.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-furusato","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Donations and the Furusato Nozei deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1155.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-crypto","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"FAQ on the tax treatment of crypto-assets","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-income-tax-rate","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income tax rates (progressive brackets)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2260.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-income-categories","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Overview of the income categories","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1300.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-employment-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Employment income deduction (給与所得控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1410.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-basic-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Basic deduction (基礎控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1199.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-medical-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Medical expense deduction (医療費控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1120.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Real-estate (rental) income (不動産所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-listed-shares","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of listed-share transfers (separate self-assessment)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"Shinjuku City","title":"Individual resident tax","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-consumption-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Consumption-tax liability for businesses","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-invoice","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Qualified Invoice System","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-invoice-2wari","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Reduced tax rate and invoice system, including small-business measures (2割特例)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-year-end-adjustment","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Year-end adjustment (年末調整)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/users/gensen/nencho/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-penalties","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Late filing, additional tax, and delinquent tax","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2024.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-foreign-tax-credit","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Foreign tax credit (外国税額控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1240.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Scope of taxable income by residency (居住者・非居住者)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-exit-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Exit tax on unrealised gains of departing residents","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/kokugai-zaisan.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-gift-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Gift tax (贈与税)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/zoyo/4402.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-inheritance-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Inheritance tax calculation and basic exemption (相続税)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/sozoku/4152.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"irs-abroad","publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","title":"US citizens and resident aliens abroad","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/us-citizens-and-resident-aliens-abroad","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mof-us-japan-treaty","publisher":"Ministry of Finance Japan","title":"Japan tax treaties (including US-Japan)","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/tax_policy/summary/international/tax_convention/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"zeirishi-dot-com","publisher":"Bengo4.com / 税理士ドットコム","title":"Zeirishi.com tax-accountant directory","url":"https://www.zeiri4.com/","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"cluster:freelancers:en","entityId":"cluster:freelancers","entityType":"cluster","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Freelance & business","plainText":"Sole-proprietor setup, blue returns, the invoice system, and bookkeeping.\nGoing independent in Japan usually means registering as a sole proprietor (個人事業主) by filing a notification of business opening (開業届) with your tax office — free and mostly a formality. Filing the blue-return application (青色申告承認申請) at the same time unlocks a deduction of up to ¥650,000 and loss carry-forward, in exchange for proper double-entry bookkeeping.\nBookkeeping is where cloud software earns its keep. freee and Money Forward Cloud connect to your bank and cards, categorise transactions, and generate the blue-return forms and e-Tax data; Yayoi is a long-established alternative. Budget for taxes yourself: income tax, resident tax, national health insurance, and national pension all come from your own cash flow, so many freelancers reserve 20–35% of profit.\nThe Qualified Invoice System (インボイス制度, from October 2023) changed things for small businesses. If your clients need to claim consumption-tax credits, they may ask you to register for a T-number, which turns you into a taxable business for consumption tax. Whether to register is a real trade-off — this section helps you frame it before deciding.\nRegister as a sole proprietor with a 開業届; file the 青色申告 application at the same time to unlock the deduction.\nThe blue return can deduct up to ¥650,000 but requires double-entry bookkeeping and e-filing.\nfreee and Money Forward Cloud automate bookkeeping and blue-return forms; Yayoi is the veteran alternative.\nYou pay your own income tax, resident tax, pension, and health insurance — many reserve 20–35% of profit.\nThe invoice system (T-number) affects whether clients can claim consumption-tax credits on your invoices.\nRegistering for the invoice system makes you a consumption-tax payer — weigh it against your client base.\nDeadlines and the invoice-system rules matter; a 税理士 (tax accountant) is worthwhile once revenue or clients grow.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers","relationships":{"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan","guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","guide:consumption-tax-freelancers-japan","guide:invoice-system-explained","guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","guide:pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan","guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","guide:side-business-tax-japan","guide:getting-paid-invoicing-japan","guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan","guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","guide:types-of-company-japan","guide:hiring-family-outsourcing-japan","guide:subsidies-grants-small-business-japan","guide:business-visa-japan"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-open","faq:freelance-what-taxes","faq:freelance-blue-return","faq:freelance-consumption-tax-when","faq:freelance-invoice","faq:freelance-reserve","faq:freelance-withholding","faq:freelance-which-software","faq:freelance-health-insurance","faq:freelance-retirement-toolkit","faq:freelance-side-business","faq:freelance-incorporate-when","faq:freelance-kk-vs-gk","faq:freelance-family-salary","faq:freelance-subsidies","faq:freelance-visa"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi","product:makeleaps","product:misoca","product:board","product:freenance","product:freee-kaisha-setup","product:mf-kaisha-setup","product:zeirishi-dot-com","product:square-japan","product:stripe-japan","product:gmo-aozora-business","product:wise-business"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-blue","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Blue Return System","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-invoice","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Qualified Invoice System","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-consumption-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Consumption-tax liability for businesses","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-business-expenses","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Necessary business expenses","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"moj-commercial-registration","publisher":"Ministry of Justice / Legal Affairs Bureau","title":"Commercial and corporate registration","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/houjintouki.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"smrj-kyosai","publisher":"Organization for SME and Regional Innovation (SMRJ)","title":"Small Enterprise Mutual Aid (小規模企業共済)","url":"https://www.smrj.go.jp/kyosai/skyosai/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nenkin-kokumin","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"National Pension premiums","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/kokunen/hokenryo/hokenryo.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"cluster:insurance:en","entityId":"cluster:insurance","entityType":"cluster","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance","plainText":"What public insurance already covers, and when private cover is worth it.\nJapan’s public system is unusually strong, and understanding it prevents over-buying. Everyone enrolls in health insurance (employees’ 健康保険 or National Health Insurance), which caps most medical bills at around 30% — and the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit (高額療養費) further caps your monthly out-of-pocket based on income. Public pension also provides disability and survivor benefits, not just retirement.\nBecause public cover is broad, a lot of heavily marketed private insurance is optional. The honest questions are: what gap remains after public cover, how large is the loss you cannot self-fund, and does the premium justify it? Term life insurance for dependents, and liability cover (often bundled cheaply, including bicycle liability now mandatory in many prefectures) tend to be the clearest wins.\nProduct categories worth understanding include medical, cancer, life (term vs whole), income protection, fire and earthquake (earthquake is a separate rider on fire policies), auto, and travel. Every honest article here should also cover exclusions, disadvantages, alternatives, and the cases where extra insurance is simply not necessary.\nPublic health insurance caps most bills near 30%; 高額療養費 caps your monthly out-of-pocket by income.\nPublic pension includes disability and survivor benefits — factor those in before buying private cover.\nBuy insurance for losses you cannot self-fund (dependents, liability), not for small, budgetable costs.\nEarthquake cover is a separate rider on fire insurance and is often capped at a share of the building value.\nPersonal liability cover is cheap and increasingly relevant — many prefectures mandate bicycle liability insurance.\nAny honest comparison must state exclusions, alternatives, and when extra insurance is not needed.\nInsurance needs are personal. Compare public cover first, and treat every product against the loss it truly protects.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance","relationships":{"guides":["guide:how-insurance-works-japan","guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan","guide:how-to-read-a-policy-japan","guide:insurance-premiums-explained-japan","guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan","guide:insurance-riders-explained-japan","guide:underwriting-and-disclosure-japan","guide:term-renewable-whole-life-basics-japan","guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan","guide:how-insurance-claims-work-japan","guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","guide:reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan","guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan","guide:public-protection-map-japan","guide:health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit","guide:employees-vs-national-health-insurance-japan","guide:employee-social-insurance-benefits","guide:what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan","guide:pension-disability-survivor-benefits","guide:employment-insurance-and-workers-comp","guide:long-term-care-insurance-japan","guide:pension-for-foreign-residents-japan","guide:leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","guide:term-life-insurance-japan","guide:whole-life-insurance-japan","guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan","guide:private-medical-insurance-japan","guide:cancer-insurance-japan","guide:critical-illness-insurance-japan","guide:relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","guide:income-protection-japan","guide:savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan","guide:auto-insurance-japan","guide:car-insurance-coverage-builder-japan","guide:bicycle-insurance-japan","guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan","guide:home-earthquake-insurance-japan","guide:fire-insurance-japan","guide:earthquake-insurance-japan","guide:renter-insurance-japan","guide:travel-insurance-japan","guide:credit-card-travel-insurance-japan","guide:pet-insurance-japan","guide:device-insurance-japan","guide:freelancer-insurance-japan","guide:small-business-insurance-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan","guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan","guide:fire-vs-earthquake-japan","guide:travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan","guide:savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","guide:direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan","guide:mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan","guide:pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan","guide:insurance-single-employee-20s-japan","guide:insurance-family-with-children-japan","guide:insurance-homeowners-japan","guide:insurance-renters-japan","guide:insurance-freelancers-japan","guide:insurance-retirees-japan","guide:insurance-foreign-residents-japan","guide:insurance-pet-owners-japan","guide:insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan","guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan","guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan","guide:insurance-complaints-adr-japan","guide:annual-insurance-review-japan"],"faqs":["faq:insurance-public-enough","faq:insurance-high-cost","faq:insurance-life-needed","faq:insurance-earthquake","faq:insurance-foreigner","faq:insurance-copay-share","faq:insurance-cancer-waiting","faq:insurance-term-vs-whole","faq:insurance-cali-enough","faq:insurance-bicycle-mandatory","faq:insurance-card-travel","faq:insurance-pet-preexisting","faq:insurance-cancel-timing","faq:insurance-cooling-off","faq:insurance-leave-japan"],"products":[]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-health-system","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"Health insurance system","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-high-cost","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jps-benefits","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Pension benefits","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-employment-insurance","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"Employment insurance","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/koyou/koyouhoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-workers-comp","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"Workers’ compensation insurance","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mof-earthquake-insurance","publisher":"Ministry of Finance","title":"Earthquake insurance system","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/policy/financial_system/earthquake_insurance/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mlit-cali","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jidosha/anzen/04relief/jibai/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"caa-insurance","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Insurance business supervision","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/hoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sonpo-adr","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Sonpo ADR Center (non-life insurance complaints and dispute resolution)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/about/soudan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-license-register","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registers of licensed financial institutions (life and non-life insurers)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyo.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-ltci","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"Long-Term Care Insurance system","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/hukushi_kaigo/kaigo_koureisha/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"cluster:loans:en","entityId":"cluster:loans","entityType":"cluster","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Loans, mortgages & property","plainText":"Mortgage eligibility, fixed vs floating, closing costs, and rent-vs-buy.\nHome loans (住宅ローン) in Japan are relatively cheap by global standards, but eligibility is the hurdle for many foreign residents. Banks weigh stable employment, income, length of residence, and — critically — permanent residency. Without PR, some banks decline, others require a larger down payment or a guarantor; Flat 35 (via the Japan Housing Finance Agency) is a common route because it is more rules-based and does not always require PR.\nThe core choice is fixed vs floating (固定 vs 変動). Floating rates have been very low but can rise; fixed rates (including Flat 35) cost more now for certainty later. Beyond the rate, budget for closing costs (諸費用) of roughly 6–10% of the price — registration, agent fees, loan guarantee, taxes, and fire insurance — which are easy to underestimate.\nRent-vs-buy in Japan is not just financial. Many buildings, especially older wooden houses, depreciate rather than appreciate, and resale liquidity varies by location. This section frames eligibility, total cost, and the risks (interest-rate, resale, maintenance, and natural-disaster) rather than pushing you toward buying.\nPermanent residency strongly affects mortgage approval; without it, expect stricter terms or a larger down payment.\nFlat 35 (Japan Housing Finance Agency) is a common, rules-based fixed-rate route that does not always require PR.\nFixed vs floating is the core trade-off: certainty and higher cost now, versus lower cost and rate risk.\nBudget 6–10% of the price for closing costs (諸費用) on top of the down payment.\nMany Japanese properties depreciate; treat a home as shelter first and an investment second.\nCheck your credit records (CIC/JICC) before applying — recent delinquencies can block approval.\nA mortgage is a large, long commitment. Model rate increases and resale risk before you buy; get independent advice.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans","relationships":{"guides":["guide:buying-property-japan","guide:mortgages-japan","guide:borrowing-guide","guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:property-investment-japan","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:rent-vs-buy-japan-guide","guide:property-buying-checklist","guide:mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","guide:rent-vs-buy-japan"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","faq:loan-closing-costs","faq:loan-rent-vs-buy","faq:loan-credit-record","faq:loan-buy-foreigner","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-what-flat35","faq:loan-variable-risky"],"products":["product:flat-35"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mlit-land","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT)","title":"Land price and real-estate transaction information","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_tk5_000085.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"cluster:remittance:en","entityId":"cluster:remittance","entityType":"cluster","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"International money","plainText":"Send money in and out, cut hidden FX markups, and handle cross-border income.\nMoving money across borders is where fees hide. The visible transfer fee is often the smaller cost; the bigger one is the exchange-rate markup baked into the rate a provider gives you versus the mid-market rate. Traditional bank wires can also add SWIFT and intermediary-bank fees that are hard to see up front.\nSpecialist services usually beat banks for personal transfers. Wise shows the mid-market rate and a transparent fee, and Revolut offers multi-currency accounts with fee allowances. For larger or recurring transfers, comparing the all-in recipient amount — not the advertised fee — is the only reliable way to judge cost.\nCross-border also brings tax and reporting angles: overseas income can be taxable depending on your residency status, and Japan requires an Overseas Assets Report (国外財産調書) above a threshold. This section helps you compare true transfer cost and flag where cross-border tax advice is worth getting.\nThe exchange-rate markup usually costs more than the visible transfer fee — compare against the mid-market rate.\nJudge cost by the final recipient amount, not the advertised fee, especially for larger transfers.\nWise (mid-market rate) and Revolut (multi-currency) commonly beat bank wires for personal transfers.\nBank wires can add SWIFT and intermediary-bank charges that are not obvious up front.\nOverseas income may be taxable in Japan depending on your residency status — check before assuming it is not.\nJapan requires an Overseas Assets Report (国外財産調書) once foreign assets exceed the threshold.\nLarge or business transfers can trigger reporting and tax questions — confirm the rules before sending.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance","relationships":{"guides":["guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money","guide:receiving-money-from-abroad"],"faqs":["faq:remit-cheapest","faq:remit-hidden-fees","faq:remit-large-transfer","faq:remit-overseas-income","faq:remit-multicurrency"],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","title":"Payment and Settlement Systems","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"cluster:points:en","entityId":"cluster:points","entityType":"cluster","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Points & rewards","plainText":"Pick one ecosystem, understand point value, and avoid chasing noise.\nJapan runs on point ecosystems: Rakuten, PayPay, d POINT (docomo), V POINT (SMBC/Vpoint), and others tie together cards, e-money, shopping, and phone plans. The winning strategy is rarely to collect everything — it is to concentrate on the one ecosystem that matches where you already shop, pay phone bills, and bank.\nMost points are worth about ¥1 each, but value depends on redemption. Points that expire, or that only redeem inside one store, are worth less than they look. The convenience-store and code-payment layer (PayPay, Rakuten Pay) is where casual spending accumulates fastest, while airline miles reward a different, travel-heavy pattern.\nThe honest framing: points are a modest, tax-free discount on spending you would do anyway — not a reason to spend more. This section compares ecosystems by lifestyle fit, explains expiry and valuation, and helps you avoid the trap of chasing campaigns that cost more attention than they return.\nConcentrate on one ecosystem that matches your bank, card, and phone — not several weak ones.\nMost points ≈ ¥1, but expiry and store-only redemption quietly reduce real value.\nPayPay and Rakuten Pay capture everyday convenience-store and small-merchant spending fastest.\nAirline miles reward a travel-heavy pattern; they are not better for everyone.\nPoints are a discount on spending you would do anyway — never a reason to spend more.\nIgnore campaigns whose effort and tracking cost more than the reward is worth.\nRewards should never drive you to spend more or open products you do not need.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points","relationships":{"guides":["guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem","guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","guide:how-points-are-earned","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:avoid-overspend-points","guide:rakuten-points-guide","guide:paypay-points-guide","guide:d-point-club-guide","guide:ponta-points-guide","guide:v-points-guide","guide:waon-point-guide","guide:nanaco-points-guide","guide:jre-point-guide","guide:convenience-store-points","guide:supermarket-points","guide:electronics-store-points","guide:fuel-points-automobile","guide:restaurant-points-guide","guide:ecommerce-points-programs","guide:bank-brokerage-rewards","guide:rakuten-card","guide:smbc-numberless-card","guide:paypay-card","guide:d-card","guide:au-pay-card","guide:jcb-card-w","guide:epos-card","guide:view-card-standard","guide:bic-camera-suica-card","guide:aeon-card","guide:saison-gold-amex","guide:paypay-app-guide","guide:rakuten-pay-guide","guide:d-barai-guide","guide:au-pay-guide","guide:merpay-guide","guide:apple-google-pay-guide","guide:id-quicpay-guide","guide:emoney-payment-guide","guide:mobile-suica-guide","guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:ana-vs-jal","guide:hotel-travel-rewards","guide:points-deals-and-campaigns","guide:redeem-points-for-travel","guide:redeem-points-for-cash","guide:redeem-points-for-hotels","guide:redeem-points-for-investing","guide:credit-card-perks-japan","guide:airline-hotel-status-japan","guide:maximize-points-japan","guide:points-glossary","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:ecommerce-stacking","guide:compare-point-ecosystems","guide:best-programs-by-category","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category","guide:best-qr-payment-apps","guide:points-cashback-calculator","guide:annual-fee-calculator","guide:mile-value-calculator","guide:reward-stacking-checker","guide:foreign-resident-rewards","guide:train-commuter-rewards","guide:convenience-shopper-rewards","guide:family-rewards","guide:domestic-traveler-rewards","guide:rewards-glossary-sources-archive"],"faqs":["faq:points-which-ecosystem","faq:points-value","faq:points-expiry","faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten","faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback","faq:rewards-no-expiry","faq:rewards-limited-time","faq:rewards-stacking","faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent","faq:rewards-id-vs-touch","faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-beginner-program","faq:rewards-foreign-join","faq:rewards-foreign-first-card","faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","faq:rewards-mile-value","faq:rewards-paypay-points-step","faq:rewards-furusato-points","faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate","faq:rewards-sources"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","title":"Payment and Settlement Systems","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"rakuten-point","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten Point official site","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d POINT CLUB official site","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ponta-official","publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","title":"Ponta / Recruit point program","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"vpoint-official","publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","title":"V Point official site","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nta-points-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"NTA — treatment of purchase-linked points","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/law/shitsugi/shotoku/02/37.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"cluster:crypto:en","entityId":"cluster:crypto","entityType":"cluster","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Crypto & FX","plainText":"Registered exchanges, heavy crypto tax, custody, and leverage risk.\nJapan regulates crypto tightly. Only exchanges registered with the FSA and members of the JVCEA may legally serve residents — bitFlyer, bitbank, Coincheck and similar. Registration is the first thing to check; using an unregistered offshore exchange removes your legal protections and complicates tax.\nTax is the decisive factor for most people. Crypto gains are taxed as miscellaneous income (雑所得) at your marginal rate — potentially up to around 55% including resident tax — not the roughly 20% flat rate that applies to listed stocks and NISA. Every disposal, including crypto-to-crypto trades and spending crypto, is a taxable event, so recordkeeping tools matter.\nFX (margin foreign-exchange trading) is separate and leverage-driven. Domestic retail FX leverage is capped (commonly 25x), and losses can exceed deposits. Both crypto and FX attract scams — guaranteed-return schemes, fake exchanges, and “recovery” fraud. This section stays educational: registration, tax, custody, records, and risk, with no price predictions or hype.\nUse only FSA-registered, JVCEA-member exchanges; unregistered offshore platforms remove your protections.\nCrypto gains are miscellaneous income taxed at your marginal rate — potentially far above the ~20% stock rate.\nEvery disposal is taxable, including crypto-to-crypto and spending crypto — keep detailed records.\nFX leverage for retail is capped (commonly 25x) and losses can exceed your deposit.\nGuaranteed-return offers, fake exchanges, and “recovery” services are scams — no exceptions.\nThis is not investment advice and contains no price predictions.\nHigh tax and high volatility make crypto and FX unsuitable for money you cannot afford to lose. Beware scams.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/crypto","relationships":{"guides":["guide:crypto-tax-in-japan","guide:choosing-a-registered-exchange"],"faqs":["faq:crypto-registered","faq:crypto-tax","faq:crypto-record","faq:crypto-fx-leverage"],"products":["product:bitflyer","product:bitbank"]},"sources":[{"id":"jvcea","publisher":"JVCEA","title":"Japan Virtual and Crypto assets Exchange Association","url":"https://jvcea.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-crypto","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"FAQ on the tax treatment of crypto-assets","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"guide:public-protection-map-japan:en","entityId":"guide:public-protection-map-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan’s public protection: start here","plainText":"Identify your public health plan, pension record, employment-insurance status, and workers’ compensation before pricing any private policy.\nA map of health, pension, unemployment, work-injury, and employer-based protection.\nHealth insurance pays covered treatment; it does not replace all lost income.\nPension includes old-age, disability, and survivor protection.\nEmployment insurance covers qualifying unemployment and leave; workers’ compensation covers work or commuting injury.\nEmployees and self-employed people have different benefit gaps.\nWhich system does what\nHealth insurance, pension, employment insurance, and workers’ compensation are separate systems with separate claims. An employer’s health-insurance card does not prove every other enrollment. Check payslips, notices, Nenkin Net, and your insurer or municipality.\nA public-first review order\nList the event, public payer, eligibility, expected benefit, claim deadline, and uncovered loss. Then add employer benefits and savings. Only the remaining loss is a candidate for private insurance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/public-protection-map-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan","guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-health-system","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"Health insurance system","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jps-benefits","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Pension benefits","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-employment-insurance","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"Employment insurance","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/koyou/koyouhoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-workers-comp","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"Workers’ compensation insurance","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit:en","entityId":"guide:health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Public health insurance and the high-cost benefit","plainText":"Public insurance pays covered care and the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit limits eligible cost sharing within a calendar month; it does not cap every hospital-related expense.\nCovered care, cost sharing, monthly ceilings, exclusions, and where to confirm your amount.\nEmployees usually use an employees’ health-insurance scheme; others generally use municipal National Health Insurance.\nThe standard working-age cost share is generally 30%, with age and income exceptions.\nThe ceiling is applied by calendar month and income/age category.\nMeals, private rooms, uncovered treatment, and some advanced-treatment charges are outside the high-cost calculation.\nWhat is—and is not—covered\nDo not translate “70% covered” into “all costs capped.” The benefit calculation concerns eligible insured cost sharing. Ask the hospital for an itemized estimate separating insured care from meals, private-room charges, and non-covered services.\nBefore admission or after payment\nOnline eligibility confirmation or a maximum-amount certificate may limit eligible payment at the counter. Otherwise, reimbursement can be claimed from your insurer. Household aggregation and repeated-high-cost rules may apply, but only under defined conditions. Confirm the current ceiling and procedure with the insurer named on your eligibility record.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-health-system","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"Health insurance system","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-high-cost","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:employee-social-insurance-benefits:en","entityId":"guide:employee-social-insurance-benefits","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Employee health and pension insurance","plainText":"Eligible employees are enrolled through work in health insurance and Employees’ Pension; some health-insurance schemes also provide income benefits unavailable under municipal NHI.\nEmployer-based enrollment, premiums, sickness allowance, maternity allowance, and dependants.\nEmployer and employee generally share social-insurance contributions.\nHealth-insurance dependants and pension Category 3 spouses have distinct tests.\nSickness and injury allowance may support eligible employees unable to work for non-work reasons.\nWork injuries go to workers’ compensation, not ordinary sickness allowance.\nBenefits beyond treatment\nFor qualifying inability to work, sickness allowance generally begins after a three-day waiting period and is calculated from standard remuneration under statutory rules. Maternity allowance is separate. Ask your health-insurance association for eligibility, coordination with pay, and the current calculation.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/employee-social-insurance-benefits","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-employee-insurance","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"Application of employee social insurance","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/0000147284.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"kyoukaikenpo-sickness","publisher":"Japan Health Insurance Association","title":"Sickness and Injury Allowance","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jps-employees-pension","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Employees’ Pension Insurance","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/employeespension/employee.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:pension-disability-survivor-benefits:en","entityId":"guide:pension-disability-survivor-benefits","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Pension means retirement, disability, and survivor cover","plainText":"National Pension and Employees’ Pension can provide old-age, disability, and survivor benefits, subject to contribution, medical, family, and timing conditions.\nHow the two-tier pension system also protects disability and bereavement risks.\nResidents generally participate in National Pension; covered employees also build Employees’ Pension.\nDisability pension is not the same as a disability certificate.\nSurvivor eligibility depends on the deceased’s record and the survivor’s relationship and circumstances.\nDo not size life or disability insurance before obtaining a public-benefit estimate.\nCheck the record before estimating a gap\nUse Nenkin Net or a pension office to check contribution months and estimated old-age pension. Disability and survivor claims require separate assessment; early consultation matters because the first medical consultation date and contribution record can be decisive.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/pension-disability-survivor-benefits","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"jps-benefits","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Pension benefits","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jps-disability","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Disability pension","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/shougainenkin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jps-survivor","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Survivor pension","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/seido/izokunenkin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:employment-insurance-and-workers-comp:en","entityId":"guide:employment-insurance-and-workers-comp","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Employment insurance and workers’ compensation","plainText":"Employment insurance supports qualifying unemployment and specified leave; workers’ compensation covers recognized work or commuting injury and disease.\nUnemployment, leave, work injury, and commuting injury are different claim paths.\nHello Work administers unemployment-related claims.\nWorkers’ compensation generally applies regardless of employer fault.\nDo not use ordinary health insurance for treatment that should be handled as workers’ compensation.\nLeaving voluntarily versus involuntarily can affect timing and treatment.\nChoose the right claim route\nReport work and commuting injuries promptly and tell the medical provider they may be work-related. For job loss, obtain separation documents and consult Hello Work; insured periods, reason for separation, work availability, and waiting or restriction periods affect benefits.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/employment-insurance-and-workers-comp","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-employment-insurance","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"Employment insurance","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/koyou/koyouhoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"hellowork-benefits","publisher":"Hello Work","title":"Basic unemployment allowance","url":"https://www.hellowork.mhlw.go.jp/insurance/insurance_basicbenefit.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-workers-comp","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"Workers’ compensation insurance","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan:en","entityId":"guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do you need private medical insurance?","plainText":"First estimate insured cost sharing, non-covered expenses, and lost income after public and employer benefits; private medical cover is optional unless the remaining gap would destabilize you.\nA decision framework after public health coverage and employer benefits.\nHigh-cost protection applies to eligible treatment, not every expense.\nEmployees may have sickness allowance; municipal NHI generally does not provide the same standard benefit.\nCash savings can be a cheaper way to fund small, predictable gaps.\nCompare definitions, waiting periods, renewability, exclusions, and total premiums—not a daily benefit alone.\nRun the gap test\nModel several calendar months, because the public ceiling resets monthly. Add uncovered room and meal charges and realistic lost income; subtract sickness allowance, paid leave, employer benefits, household income, and accessible savings. Do not buy if the policy does not materially close the remaining gap.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/medical-insurance-decision-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-high-cost","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"kyoukaikenpo-sickness","publisher":"Japan Health Insurance Association","title":"Sickness and Injury Allowance","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:income-protection-japan:en","entityId":"guide:income-protection-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Income protection when you cannot work","plainText":"Your gap depends heavily on employment status and cause: sickness allowance, workers’ compensation, disability pension, unemployment benefits, and employer leave do different jobs.\nLayer paid leave, public benefits, employer cover, savings, then private insurance.\nSeparate short illness, long disability, work injury, job loss, and caregiving.\nSelf-employed people usually have a larger short-term sickness-income gap.\nEmergency savings cover waiting periods and exclusions.\nPrivate income protection must be tested against benefit definitions and offsets.\nBuild a timeline, not one number\nMap income and essential spending for month 1, months 2–6, and long-term disability. Put paid leave, sickness allowance or workers’ compensation, employer plans, disability pension, partner income, and savings on the timeline. A private policy is relevant only where an unaffordable gap remains.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/income-protection-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":[]},"sources":[{"id":"kyoukaikenpo-sickness","publisher":"Japan Health Insurance Association","title":"Sickness and Injury Allowance","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-workers-comp","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"Workers’ compensation insurance","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jps-disability","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Disability pension","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/shougainenkin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-employment-insurance","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"Employment insurance","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/koyou/koyouhoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:home-earthquake-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:home-earthquake-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Home, fire, and earthquake insurance","plainText":"Fire insurance does not ordinarily cover earthquake-caused fire or damage; Japan’s earthquake insurance is attached to fire insurance and is designed to support recovery, not full replacement.\nSeparate building, contents, liability, flood, and earthquake risks.\nOwners insure the building; renters usually focus on contents, tenant liability, and personal liability.\nFlood, water leakage, theft, and accidental damage are separate coverage questions.\nEarthquake insurance amounts are statutorily limited relative to fire insurance.\nCheck duplicate personal-liability riders across home, auto, and card arrangements.\nMatch cover to the property and hazard\nConfirm whether the lease or mortgage requires cover, who owns improvements, rebuilding cost rather than land value, and local flood and seismic exposure. Read deductibles and the definitions used to grade earthquake loss. Public disaster support is limited and should not be treated as full insurance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/home-earthquake-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":[]},"sources":[{"id":"mof-earthquake-insurance","publisher":"Ministry of Finance","title":"Earthquake insurance system","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/policy/financial_system/earthquake_insurance/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sonpo-earthquake","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Earthquake insurance guide","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mlit-hazard-map","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Hazard Map Portal","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:auto-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:auto-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Compulsory and voluntary auto insurance","plainText":"Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance covers limited bodily-injury liability; it does not cover property damage, your vehicle, or all potentially large liability, so assess voluntary cover against those gaps.\nWhy compulsory liability insurance is only the public/legal floor.\nCALI/Jibaiseki is mandatory and centered on injury or death to others.\nProperty liability and vehicle damage are outside compulsory cover.\nVoluntary cover can address third-party limits, property, passengers, legal support, and own damage.\nDriver, age, use, territory, deductibles, and family definitions can restrict cover.\nStart with the compulsory-policy gaps\nConfirm the compulsory policy is valid before driving. Then model injury liability above its limits, damage to another vehicle or property, your own injuries and vehicle, roadside needs, and who will drive. A private comparison that starts with premiums rather than these gaps is incomplete.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/auto-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":[]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-cali","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jidosha/anzen/04relief/jibai/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sonpo-auto","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Automobile insurance guide","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jidosha/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-insurance-works-japan:en","entityId":"guide:how-insurance-works-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How insurance works","plainText":"Insurance transfers a defined financial risk to an insurer for a premium; it pays only for the events, people, property, and periods the contract specifies.\nRisk transfer, premiums, fixed-benefit vs reimbursement cover, claims, and exclusions.\nOnly losses defined in the contract are covered — not every misfortune.\nFixed-benefit policies pay a set amount; indemnity policies reimburse actual loss up to a limit.\nPremiums, exclusions, waiting periods, and definitions decide whether a claim pays.\nThe policy wording (約款) and warning information — not the brochure — control.\nWhat you are actually buying\nYou are buying a contractual promise to pay under stated conditions, not protection against all loss. Read the definition of the insured event, the exclusions, and any waiting period before you compare price. A cheap policy that excludes your real risk is not cheap.\nThe core decision rule\nInsure a risk only when three things hold at once: the event would cause serious financial harm, the event is uncertain, and a reasonably priced contract actually covers it. Use savings for predictable, affordable costs.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/how-insurance-works-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan","guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-to-read-a-policy-japan:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-read-a-policy-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to read an insurance policy in Japan","plainText":"The policy overview (契約概要) and brochure summarize the product, but the policy wording (約款), endorsements, definitions, and warning information (注意喚起情報) decide whether a specific event is payable.\nPolicy overview, warning information, wording, definitions, exclusions, and benefit triggers.\nRead the definitions section first — “surgery”, “cancer”, “flood”, and “household member” are defined terms.\nCheck general and special exclusions and any condition-specific start dates.\nConfirm benefit triggers, limits, deductibles, renewal, and surrender terms.\nWhere the brochure and the wording conflict, the wording controls.\nThe documents that matter\nKeep four documents together: the policy overview, the warning information, the full wording with endorsements, and the application answers you gave. FSA guidance expects insurers to disclose the product mechanism, major riders, coverage period, premiums, cancellation refunds, exclusions, cooling-off, and disclosure duties.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/how-to-read-a-policy-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-insurance-works-japan","guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-premiums-explained-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-premiums-explained-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance premiums explained","plainText":"Premiums depend on the insured amount and risk factors — age, health, occupation, location, vehicle, pet, deductible, and selected benefits — and can rise sharply on age-based renewal.\nHow age, health, occupation, location, insured amount, deductibles, and renewal shape the price.\nA published example premium is an illustration, not a quote for you.\nA higher deductible lowers the premium but raises your out-of-pocket loss.\nRenewable term cover reprices upward at each renewal because you are older.\nAuto and pet premiums also reflect no-claim class, breed, and age.\nCompare benefits before price\nNormalize the benefits — amounts, definitions, waiting periods, and renewal — before comparing premiums. The cheapest first-year premium can become the most expensive over time if it renews steeply or pays a narrower benefit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-premiums-explained-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan:en","entityId":"guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance exclusions and waiting periods","plainText":"Exclusions and waiting periods are where most claim surprises come from: cancer policies commonly exclude diagnoses in a roughly 90-day window, and pet policies apply illness and cancer waiting periods.\nCommon exclusions by category, cancer and pet waiting periods, and pre-existing conditions.\nIntentional loss, war, and undisclosed material facts are near-universal exclusions.\nCancer cover typically does not pay for a diagnosis inside the waiting period.\nPet cover excludes pre-existing and often congenital conditions.\nA “relaxed-underwriting” policy may reduce benefits during an early period.\nWhere to look before buying\nRead the special exclusions and the condition-specific commencement dates, not only the headline coverage. For cancer and pet cover, note exactly when the waiting period starts and what counts as pre-existing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cancer-insurance-japan","guide:pet-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-riders-explained-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-riders-explained-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance riders explained","plainText":"A rider (特約) is optional coverage attached to a main policy — advanced medical treatment, premium waiver, personal liability, legal expenses, women’s illness, or accidental death — and it should be bought only against a quantified risk, not by default.\nMedical, liability, legal-expense, premium-waiver, advanced-treatment, and accidental-death riders.\nEach rider adds premium — attach one only against a real, quantified risk.\nPersonal-liability and legal-expense riders are cheap and broadly useful.\nAdvanced-treatment riders pay only officially designated technical fees.\nPremium-waiver riders stop premiums on defined disability or illness.\nAttach riders deliberately\nFor each proposed rider, ask what specific loss it covers, whether you already hold that cover elsewhere, and whether the premium is justified. Personal liability is often worth adding; many small medical riders are not.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-riders-explained-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan","guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:underwriting-and-disclosure-japan:en","entityId":"guide:underwriting-and-disclosure-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Underwriting and medical disclosure","plainText":"Answer every disclosure question completely and accurately; the insurer may accept you at standard rates, add a premium, exclude a body part, postpone, or decline — and material nondisclosure can void a claim.\nHealth questions, examinations, ratings, exclusions, postponement, and declined applications.\nAnswer only what is asked, but answer it truthfully and in full.\nA pre-existing condition does not always mean rejection — outcomes vary.\nTry standard underwriting before paying more for a relaxed-underwriting product.\nNondisclosure discovered at claim time can cancel the contract.\nDo not guess, and do not hide\nIf a question is unclear, ask the insurer in writing rather than guessing. Do not omit information the insurer requests. Getting a small exclusion or rating is usually better than a later claim denial for nondisclosure.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/underwriting-and-disclosure-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:term-renewable-whole-life-basics-japan:en","entityId":"guide:term-renewable-whole-life-basics-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Term, renewable, and whole-life coverage","plainText":"Term cover is cheap for a temporary need and usually has no surrender value; renewable term reprices upward with age to a ceiling; whole life continues for life if premiums are paid but early surrender can lose money.\nPolicy length, premium increases, renewal ceilings, permanent needs, and surrender value.\nMatch the policy length to how long the risk actually lasts.\nRenewable term has an age ceiling beyond which it cannot renew.\nWhole life may build cash value, but early surrender value can be low.\nA common efficient design is large term plus a small permanent policy only if needed.\nMatch the shape to the need\nUse large term cover for the temporary family-income risk during dependent years, and add a small permanent policy only for a genuine lifelong need such as funeral or estate liquidity. Do not buy permanent insurance to solve a temporary problem.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/term-renewable-whole-life-basics-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan","guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan:en","entityId":"guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Cash value and surrender value","plainText":"Cash value is contract value that may be available on surrender or through a policy loan; it is not a bank deposit, and low-surrender-value designs can return far less than premiums paid if you cancel early.\nWhole life, low-surrender-value products, policy loans, and early-cancellation losses.\nIllustrated maturity values depend on assumptions and are not guaranteed unless labeled guaranteed.\nLow-surrender-value designs lower premiums but punish early cancellation.\nPolicy loans accrue interest and reduce benefits until repaid.\nDo not treat a savings-type policy as a liquid emergency fund.\nRead the guaranteed column\nOn any illustration, separate the guaranteed values from projected values, and look at the surrender value at the years you might realistically cancel. Currency, interest, market, and fee assumptions can all reduce the amount you actually receive.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","guide:whole-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-insurance-claims-work-japan:en","entityId":"guide:how-insurance-claims-work-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How insurance claims work","plainText":"A claim is a request for payment supported by required evidence — a medical certificate, receipt, diagnosis, police report, estimate, or death certificate — and the insurer pays only when the contract’s conditions and definitions are met.\nEvidence, notification, claim forms, investigations, payment decisions, and denials.\nNotify the insurer promptly, even before the final amount is known.\nPreserve photos, receipts, records, and correspondence.\nAsk for the claim number, required documents, and deadlines.\nGet any denial and its contractual reason in writing.\nA universal claim sequence\nProtect life and prevent further damage; contact the relevant authority; notify the insurer; gather evidence; submit a factual chronology; disclose other applicable insurance; then obtain the decision in writing and challenge factual mistakes with clause references.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/how-insurance-claims-work-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan","guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to compare insurance quotes","plainText":"Normalize benefits, definitions, waiting periods, and renewal terms first; only then compare total premiums over time — not the cheapest first-year price.\nNormalize benefits and definitions, then compare total premiums, renewals, riders, and exclusions.\nCompare the definition of the insured event, not just the benefit amount.\nModel total premiums to ages 65, 75, 85, and 95 where relevant.\nInclude riders, deductibles, and exclusions in the comparison.\nComparison-site rankings reflect that platform’s panel, not the whole market.\nBuild a like-for-like table\nPut each product in a table with the same rows: entry and renewal age, benefit triggers and amounts, waiting periods, exclusions, renewal repricing, and total premium over a realistic horizon. A quote you cannot normalize is not yet comparable.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:insurance-premiums-explained-japan","guide:direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to review and replace insurance","plainText":"Build an inventory of every policy, map each benefit to a real risk, and never cancel existing life or health cover until the replacement is accepted, commenced, and its exclusions are understood.\nPolicy inventory, duplicate coverage, replacement risk, and cancellation timing.\nReplacing a policy restarts underwriting — a new condition can now be excluded.\nWatch for duplicate personal-liability, travel, and device coverage.\nOld hospitalization-only medical policies may no longer match modern care.\nConfirm cooling-off and first-premium conditions on the new contract.\nSequence the switch safely\nApply for and secure the new cover, confirm commencement and any special exclusions, and only then cancel the old policy. Cancelling first can leave you uninsured or uninsurable if the new application is rated or declined.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:annual-insurance-review-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Overinsurance and underinsurance","plainText":"Overinsurance duplicates public benefits, employer benefits, or savings and buys riders without a quantified risk; underinsurance leaves catastrophic gaps — unlimited liability, rebuilding, income loss, or dependants — uncovered.\nPublic-benefit duplication, unnecessary riders, and missing catastrophic cover.\nPrice public and employer benefits before buying private cover.\nSmall, budgetable losses are usually better self-funded.\nThe costliest gaps are third-party liability, rebuilding, and lost income.\nRight-sizing beats both stacking riders and skipping catastrophic cover.\nMap each yen to a real risk\nList every risk, its public payer, your savings buffer, and the true residual loss. Insure the residual only where it is both large and uncertain. Cancel riders that duplicate cover you already hold, and raise limits where a single event could overwhelm the household.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/over-and-under-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:employees-vs-national-health-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:employees-vs-national-health-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Employees’ health insurance vs National Health Insurance","plainText":"Employees’ health insurance is enrolled through work, uses a salary-based premium shared with the employer, covers dependants, and can pay sickness and maternity allowances; municipal National Health Insurance is household-based and generally does not pay those income allowances.\nEnrollment, dependants, premium calculation, and the sickness and maternity income benefits.\nEmployees’ insurance has a “dependant” structure; NHI insures each household member.\nEmployees may receive sickness and maternity allowances; ordinary NHI generally does not.\nBoth provide covered treatment and the high-cost benefit.\nSwitching jobs can change which system you are in and how premiums are set.\nWhen you change jobs\nLosing employer coverage can trigger a choice: voluntary continuation of employees’ insurance where available, or municipal NHI. Compare the total premium, dependant treatment, and whether income allowances matter to you, and enroll promptly to avoid a coverage gap.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/employees-vs-national-health-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit","guide:employee-social-insurance-benefits"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-health-system","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"Health insurance system","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nichii-nhi","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"National Health Insurance system","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"kyoukaikenpo-sickness","publisher":"Japan Health Insurance Association","title":"Sickness and Injury Allowance","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan:en","entityId":"guide:what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What public health insurance does not cover","plainText":"Public insurance pays covered treatment and the high-cost benefit caps eligible cost-sharing, but private-room surcharges, uncovered treatment, meals, documents, and lost income sit outside that protection.\nPrivate rooms, uncovered care, documents, meals, income loss, and other gaps.\nThe high-cost ceiling is calculated monthly on eligible cost-sharing only.\nElective private-room charges are outside the ceiling.\nNon-covered advanced-treatment technical fees may not be reimbursed.\nLost income is only replaced through separate benefits or insurance.\nWhere private cover or savings can help\nAsk the hospital for an itemized estimate separating insured care from meals, private-room charges, documents, and non-covered services. Then decide whether savings or a fixed-benefit medical policy is the cheaper way to fund the residual.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan","guide:private-medical-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-high-cost","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-health-system","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"Health insurance system","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:long-term-care-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:long-term-care-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Long-term care insurance (public)","plainText":"Residents are insured for long-term care from age 40; certified users generally pay 10%–30% of covered services, while meals, housing, upgrades, and services beyond limits remain out of pocket.\nAge groups, certification, covered services, copayments, and uncovered facility costs.\nAge 65+ eligibility is based on assessed need; ages 40–64 cover only specified conditions.\nCertification determines the care level and monthly benefit limit.\nCopayments are income-based, generally 10%–30%.\nFacility food and housing are not fully covered by the public system.\nWhat private care cover adds\nPrivate nursing-care insurance can add a lump sum or annuity for the uncovered costs, but only when the insured reaches a contract-defined care state or public care level. Compare it against a dedicated care reserve and the actual gap after public benefits.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/long-term-care-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:insurance-retirees-japan","guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-ltci","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"Long-Term Care Insurance system","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/hukushi_kaigo/kaigo_koureisha/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:pension-for-foreign-residents-japan:en","entityId":"guide:pension-for-foreign-residents-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Pension rules for foreign residents","plainText":"Registered residents aged 20–59 are generally subject to National Pension unless covered another way; contributions also protect disability and survivors, and a lump-sum withdrawal may be claimable within two years after leaving Japan — but it can erase credited periods.\nEnrollment, social-security agreements, records, and the lump-sum withdrawal payment.\nEnrollment is generally mandatory, not optional, for eligible residents.\nContributions build old-age, disability, and survivor protection.\nSocial-security agreements may let you combine periods across countries.\nThe lump-sum withdrawal can be inferior to preserving your record.\nBefore you claim a refund\nInvestigate the lump-sum withdrawal carefully: eligible non-Japanese people generally must claim within two years of losing residence, but claiming can erase the periods used in the calculation and may affect tax or social-security-agreement planning. Compare keeping the record where an agreement applies.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/pension-for-foreign-residents-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","guide:pension-disability-survivor-benefits"]},"sources":[{"id":"jps-national-pension","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"National Pension contributions and enrollment","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/kokunen/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jps-lumpsum","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Lump-sum Withdrawal Payments","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/withdrawalpayment/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jps-international","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Japan Pension Service — international pages","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan:en","entityId":"guide:leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Leaving Japan: insurance and pension checklist","plainText":"Before departure, confirm in writing whether each private policy can continue overseas, withdraw from NHI at your municipality, investigate the pension lump-sum, and settle claims and contact details by category.\nPrivate-policy continuation, NHI withdrawal, pension withdrawal, claims, and contacts.\nThere is no single rule for whether private policies continue abroad — ask each insurer.\nWithdraw from NHI and update pension status at the municipality.\nDecide on the pension lump-sum within the two-year window if eligible.\nConfirm how claims and notices will reach you overseas.\nAsk each private insurer in writing\nFor every private policy, ask whether it can continue overseas, how premiums must be paid, where notices will be sent, how claims will be documented, and whether a Japanese address or bank account remains mandatory. Keep the written answers with your policy documents.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pension-for-foreign-residents-japan","guide:insurance-foreign-residents-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"jps-lumpsum","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Lump-sum Withdrawal Payments","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/withdrawalpayment/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nichii-nhi","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"National Health Insurance system","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:term-life-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:term-life-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Term life insurance","plainText":"Term life pays a death benefit during a fixed period at a relatively low premium, usually with little or no surrender value, and is best for a temporary income gap such as dependent or mortgage years.\nLevel and renewable terms, age limits, premium changes, best uses, and exclusions.\nBest for parents, mortgage borrowers, and temporary income gaps.\nRenewable term reprices upward at each renewal and has an age ceiling.\nSurvivor pension and employer death benefits reduce the amount you need.\nA suicide-exclusion period and disclosure rules apply.\nSize it against the real gap\nDo not insure the full salary. Add debts, household income to independence, and education, then subtract survivor pension, employer benefits, assets, and the surviving partner’s earnings. Level term for the whole dependent period is usually simpler than short renewable term.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/term-life-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jps-survivor","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Survivor pension","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/seido/izokunenkin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:whole-life-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:whole-life-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Whole-life insurance","plainText":"Whole life provides a lifetime death benefit if premiums are maintained and may build cash value, but premiums are higher than term and early surrender can return far less than premiums paid.\nPermanent death protection, cash value, premium structures, and surrender risk.\nBest for a genuine lifelong need: funeral, estate liquidity, or inheritance equalization.\nCash value is not a deposit; early surrender value can be low.\nForeign-currency and variable designs add market and currency risk.\nFor temporary needs, term is usually far cheaper.\nConfirm the permanent need first\nBuy whole life only for a defined permanent need, and keep the amount small. Treating a projected value as a guaranteed deposit, or buying a large permanent policy to solve a temporary income gap, are the two common mistakes.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/whole-life-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan","guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:private-medical-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:private-medical-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Private medical insurance","plainText":"Private medical insurance pays contractually defined daily, surgical, or lump-sum benefits on top of public cover; it supplements rather than replaces public health insurance and is optional unless the residual gap would destabilize you.\nHow fixed-benefit hospitalization, surgery, and outpatient cover interact with public insurance.\nMost retail policies pay fixed benefits, not your actual bill.\nPublic high-cost protection already limits eligible cost-sharing monthly.\nCompare hospitalization days, surgery definitions, and renewal — not a daily amount alone.\nSmall predictable gaps can be cheaper to self-fund from savings.\nTest the residual gap\nModel several calendar months of the public ceiling, add uncovered room and meal charges and realistic lost income, then subtract sickness allowance, paid leave, and savings. Buy only if the policy materially closes the remaining gap.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/private-medical-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan","guide:what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-high-cost","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"kyoukaikenpo-sickness","publisher":"Japan Health Insurance Association","title":"Sickness and Injury Allowance","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:cancer-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:cancer-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Cancer insurance","plainText":"Cancer insurance adds contract-defined cash for diagnosis or treatment, subject to a roughly 90-day waiting period, differing treatment definitions, recurrence intervals, and carcinoma-in-situ rules; public insurance already covers ordinary insured cancer treatment.\nDiagnosis and treatment benefits, waiting periods, recurrence, and carcinoma in situ.\nNot all cancer insurance pays the same — compare the trigger, not the name.\nA diagnosis lump sum gives flexibility; treatment benefits support repeated care.\nCarcinoma in situ may pay a reduced amount or nothing under some products.\nThe high-cost benefit already limits eligible copays for insured treatment.\nLump sum vs treatment design\nDecide whether you want a large diagnosis lump sum, ongoing treatment benefits, or both, and check the recurrence interval and whether outpatient treatment and advanced-treatment technical fees are included. Confirm the exact waiting-period start.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/cancer-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:private-medical-insurance-japan","guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-high-cost","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:critical-illness-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:critical-illness-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Critical-illness insurance","plainText":"Critical-illness cover pays a lump sum or waives premiums for defined cancer, acute myocardial infarction, stroke, and sometimes other diseases — but diagnosis alone may be insufficient; the policy’s medical definitions control.\nCancer, stroke, and heart-attack definitions, payment triggers, and premium waivers.\nHeart attack or stroke often requires surgery, specified treatment, or lasting symptoms.\nEveryday meanings differ from the policy’s medical definitions.\nA lump sum can fund debt reduction, leave, rehabilitation, or home changes.\nCompare the trigger conditions across products carefully.\nRead the medical definition\nCheck exactly what triggers payment — a named diagnosis, a specified procedure, a hospitalization, or a duration of symptoms — because two products with the same name can pay very differently.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/critical-illness-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cancer-insurance-japan","guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan:en","entityId":"guide:relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Relaxed underwriting and pre-existing conditions","plainText":"Relaxed-underwriting policies ask fewer or broader health questions and may accept people with prior conditions, but they usually cost more, may reduce benefits in an early period, and “easy to join” does not mean every condition is covered.\nEligibility, fewer questions, higher premiums, reduced early benefits, and when to consider it.\nTry standard underwriting or insurer pre-assessment first.\nPremiums are usually higher and early benefits may be halved.\nPrior conditions and related complications may still be excluded.\nGroup cover through work can be an alternative route.\nThe order to try\nAttempt standard underwriting, request pre-assessment, consider group cover, and only then compare relaxed-underwriting products — weighing the higher premium and any reduced-benefit period against a larger savings reserve.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:underwriting-and-disclosure-japan","guide:insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Savings-type, annuity, and education insurance","plainText":"Savings-type life, private annuity, and education insurance combine protection with accumulation, but returns are conditional, liquidity is low, and early surrender can lose money — compare them with NISA, iDeCo, and deposits before buying.\nProtection-plus-savings designs, illustrations, liquidity, surrender risk, and alternatives.\nJudge the guaranteed values, not only the illustrated “return rate.”\nForeign-currency designs add exchange-rate and spread risk.\nEducation insurance adds premium waiver but limits liquidity and growth.\nCore protection and emergency savings should usually come first.\nCompare before committing capital\nA published illustration depends on age, premium period, surrender date, currency, and assumptions and is not a quote for you. Compare liquidity, fees, guarantees, inflation, and tax with NISA, iDeCo, and deposits before locking money into a low-liquidity contract.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:car-insurance-coverage-builder-japan:en","entityId":"guide:car-insurance-coverage-builder-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to build car insurance coverage","plainText":"A robust voluntary auto design normally sets third-party bodily-injury and property liability to unlimited, adds personal-injury protection and legal expense, then chooses vehicle-damage cover and driver scope to fit the car and household.\nLiability, personal injury, vehicle damage, driver scope, deductibles, legal, and roadside.\nCALI alone is not adequate — it covers only limited victim bodily injury.\nSet third-party liability unlimited; severe liability can exceed any cap.\nChoose vehicle-damage cover by car value and ability to replace it.\nDriver scope, age conditions, and commercial use must match reality.\nBuild from the gaps, not the price\nStart with liability above CALI limits, then add personal injury for occupants, choose vehicle damage by value and deductible, add legal expense because fault disputes can exceed insurer negotiation, and confirm who will drive and any commuting or delivery use.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/car-insurance-coverage-builder-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:auto-insurance-japan","guide:insurance-single-employee-20s-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-cali","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jidosha/anzen/04relief/jibai/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sonpo-auto","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Automobile insurance guide","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jidosha/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:bicycle-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:bicycle-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Bicycle insurance","plainText":"Bicycle insurance usually provides personal liability for injury or property damage caused while cycling; Tokyo and many other jurisdictions require applicable cyclists to hold liability cover, but you may already have it through auto, fire, card, or cooperative policies.\nLiability, own injury, legal support, municipal requirements, and duplicate coverage.\nLiability is the core need — a child’s accident can cause large claims.\nTokyo and many prefectures mandate bicycle liability cover.\nCheck auto, fire, renter, card, and cooperative personal-liability riders first.\nOwn-injury, legal expense, and roadside service are optional add-ons.\nAvoid paying twice\nBefore buying a standalone bicycle policy, check whether a household personal-liability rider on your auto, fire, renter, card, employer, school, or cooperative cover already satisfies the local requirement.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/bicycle-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyo-bicycle","publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Government","title":"Tokyo bicycle liability-insurance obligation","url":"https://www.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Personal liability insurance","plainText":"Personal liability covers legal liability arising from daily life — a child breaking property, a cycling accident, or certain water-leak claims — and one household policy or rider is often enough for the whole family.\nHousehold coverage for bicycles, children, pets, water damage, and exclusions.\nOne household policy usually covers all family members.\nIt is commonly attached as a cheap rider to auto, fire, or card cover.\nBusiness activities, professional liability, and intentional acts are excluded.\nConfirm the household definition and any liability to household members.\nOne rider, whole household\nBecause personal-liability riders are cheap and broad, most families need only one — but confirm the household definition, the limit, whether legal support is included, and that it covers bicycle and pet-related liability.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/personal-liability-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:bicycle-insurance-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:fire-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:fire-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fire insurance","plainText":"Fire insurance covers selected risks such as fire, lightning, wind, and water damage, but flood, accidental damage, and earthquake are separate modules — and earthquake-caused fire is not covered by fire insurance alone.\nCovered events, optional modules, exclusions, deductibles, and valuation.\nCoverage is modular — flood and accidental damage may be excluded by default.\nInsure the building at rebuilding cost, not land or resale value.\nContents cover should reflect current replacement value by room.\nEarthquake loss requires a separate earthquake endorsement.\nChoose modules to your hazard\nCheck flood, storm-surge, landslide, and river risk on the hazard map and decide whether to include flood and accidental damage. Confirm deductibles and how the building and contents are valued before comparing price.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/fire-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-earthquake-insurance-japan","guide:fire-vs-earthquake-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"sonpo-earthquake","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Earthquake insurance guide","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mlit-hazard-map","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Hazard Map Portal","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:earthquake-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:earthquake-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Earthquake insurance","plainText":"Earthquake insurance is a government-backed cover attached to fire insurance; it is capped at 30%–50% of the fire amount (up to ¥50 million for a building and ¥10 million for contents) and pays by statutory damage categories, so it supports recovery rather than full rebuilding.\nAttachment to fire policies, insured amounts, damage categories, and the public-private structure.\nIt cannot be bought alone — it attaches to a fire policy.\nFire insurance does not cover earthquake-caused fire; this does.\nThe amount is limited relative to the fire-insurance amount.\nClaims use statutory loss categories, not full repair-cost adjustment.\nWhat it is designed to do\nEarthquake insurance is financial-relief insurance for restarting life after a quake, eruption, or tsunami — not a guarantee of full reconstruction. A municipal disaster certificate is generally not required merely to file the claim.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/earthquake-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fire-insurance-japan","guide:fire-vs-earthquake-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mof-earthquake-insurance","publisher":"Ministry of Finance","title":"Earthquake insurance system","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/policy/financial_system/earthquake_insurance/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sonpo-earthquake","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Earthquake insurance guide","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jer-earthquake","publisher":"Japan Earthquake Reinsurance Co., Ltd.","title":"Public–private earthquake reinsurance structure","url":"https://www.nihonjishin.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:renter-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:renter-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Renter insurance","plainText":"Renter insurance combines contents cover, tenant liability to the landlord, and personal liability; most tenancies require it, and you should verify the landlord-required limits and avoid duplicating a personal-liability rider you already hold.\nContents, tenant liability, personal liability, restoration, and landlord requirements.\nContents cover alone does not pay for damage to the landlord’s building.\nTenant liability addresses specified damage owed under the tenancy.\nPersonal liability covers everyday third-party claims like water leaks.\nEarthquake contents can be added via an endorsement.\nThree covers, not one\nSeparate contents (your belongings), tenant liability (damage you owe the landlord), and personal liability (harm to others). Confirm the landlord’s required limit and whether an existing personal-liability rider makes part of the package redundant.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/renter-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:insurance-renters-japan","guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:travel-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:travel-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Travel insurance","plainText":"Travel insurance covers overseas medical treatment, emergency evacuation, cancellation, liability, and baggage; choose limits by destination and risk — high foreign medical and evacuation costs can be catastrophic, so do not rely on card cover unless verified.\nMedical, evacuation, cancellation, liability, baggage, delays, and assistance.\nMedical and evacuation limits matter most in high-cost destinations.\nPre-existing conditions and routine pregnancy are usually excluded.\nCancellation requires a listed insured reason, not a change of mind.\nCard travel cover may be secondary, limited, or usage-triggered.\nPick limits by destination\nA ¥3 million medical limit may be inadequate where care is expensive or evacuation is needed. Match limits to the destination and activities, and treat card insurance as a supplement to verify before each trip, not a substitute.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/travel-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:credit-card-travel-insurance-japan","guide:travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:credit-card-travel-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:credit-card-travel-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Credit-card travel insurance","plainText":"Card travel insurance may be automatic or usage-triggered, cover only the cardholder, impose low medical limits, and omit cancellation; verify the current certificate before every trip because issuers change activation rules and limits independently of your plans.\nAutomatic vs usage-triggered coverage, medical limits, activation, and family coverage.\nUsage-triggered cover applies only if a qualifying travel cost is paid with the card.\nMedical limits can be far lower than a standalone travel policy.\nFamily members may not be covered — check the certificate.\nBenefits can change: verify before each trip, not at card issuance.\nRead the certificate before each trip\nCheck activation (which purchase triggers cover), insured persons, trip-duration limit, overseas medical and evacuation limits, and whether cancellation is included. Where card limits are low, buy a standalone policy for the gap.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/credit-card-travel-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:travel-insurance-japan","guide:travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:pet-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:pet-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Pet insurance","plainText":"Pet insurance reimburses eligible veterinary costs at a set percentage (commonly 50% or 70%), subject to entry-age limits, illness and cancer waiting periods, annual and daily limits, deductibles, and exclusion of pre-existing conditions.\nReimbursement, limits, deductibles, age, waiting periods, and exclusions.\nEnroll before conditions develop — pre-existing illness is excluded.\nCompare reimbursement %, annual and daily limits, and deductibles together.\nWaiting periods (often 30 days illness, 90 days cancer) vary by insurer.\nDirect veterinary settlement is convenient but not universal.\n50% vs 70% and the fine print\nA 70% plan is not automatically better than 50%: weigh the premium, deductible, annual limit, age-based repricing, covered conditions, and claim frequency. Compare pet insurance against a dedicated veterinary savings reserve.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/pet-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan","guide:insurance-pet-owners-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:device-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:device-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Smartphone and device insurance","plainText":"Device insurance repairs or replaces a phone after accidental damage, malfunction, water damage, or theft depending on the plan; “loss” is only covered if expressly included, and manufacturer, carrier, card, or home cover may already overlap.\nDamage, malfunction, water, theft, loss, deductibles, and duplicate coverage.\nMany plans distinguish documented theft from unexplained loss.\nDeductibles, device age, and replacement valuation limit the payout.\nCarrier, card, and home policies may already cover theft or damage.\nCosmetic damage, batteries, and accessories are often excluded.\nCheck for overlap first\nBefore buying device insurance, check whether your carrier plan, credit-card purchase protection, or home-contents policy already covers accidental damage or theft, and confirm exactly what “loss” means in the plan.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/device-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:duplicate-coverage-japan","guide:how-insurance-works-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:freelancer-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:freelancer-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance for freelancers","plainText":"Freelancers lack employer sickness allowance, paid leave, unemployment insurance, and ordinary workers’ compensation, so they usually need a larger emergency fund plus income protection, professional liability, and — since 2024 — special workers’ compensation enrollment where eligible.\nIncome, liability, cyber, equipment, workers’ compensation, and business interruption.\nNo employer sickness allowance — the short-term income gap is larger.\nSince 2024, qualifying freelance work can join workers’ compensation via approved bodies.\nProfessional liability, cyber, and equipment cover fit client and data risk.\nA larger emergency fund often beats stacking small policies.\nLayer public, savings, then private\nConfirm NHI, National Pension, and high-cost medical cover, size an emergency fund for the sickness-income gap, investigate special workers’ compensation enrollment, then add income protection, professional liability, cyber, and business-interruption cover as the work requires.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/freelancer-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:insurance-freelancers-japan","guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nichii-nhi","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"National Health Insurance system","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-freelance-rousai","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"Special enrollment in workers’ compensation (freelancers)","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/tokubetu.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:small-business-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:small-business-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance for small businesses","plainText":"A small business should first meet statutory employee obligations, then insure catastrophic liability, premises and property, business continuity, cyber and data, and key people — matching cover to industry, turnover, contracts, and data exposure.\nProperty, liability, cyber, interruption, employee, key-person, and directors’ cover.\nStatutory employee schemes come before optional commercial cover.\nCatastrophic third-party and product liability rank high.\nCyber, business interruption, and key-person cover fit continuity risk.\nCover must match contracts customers and lenders require.\nInsure in priority order\nCover statutory employee obligations, then catastrophic liability, premises and property, business continuity, cyber and data, key people, and finally risks required by customer contracts or lenders. A broker helps for bespoke or multinational exposure.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/small-business-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:freelancer-insurance-japan","guide:mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:duplicate-coverage-japan:en","entityId":"guide:duplicate-coverage-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Finding and removing duplicate insurance","plainText":"Personal-liability, bicycle, travel, and device coverage are frequently duplicated across auto, fire, card, employer, and cooperative policies; a quick inventory can cancel redundant riders without losing real protection.\nRepeated liability, bicycle, travel, device, employer, and card coverage.\nPersonal-liability riders are the most commonly duplicated cover.\nCard and employer benefits often overlap travel and device cover.\nDuplication rarely pays twice — it usually just wastes premium.\nKeep one adequate policy per risk and cancel the rest.\nMake a one-page inventory\nList every policy, rider, card benefit, and employer or cooperative cover against the risk it addresses. Where two cover the same liability, keep the one with the better limit and terms and cancel the duplicate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/duplicate-coverage-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:annual-insurance-review-japan","guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan:en","entityId":"guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Term life vs whole life","plainText":"Term costs less for a temporary income need and usually has no cash value; whole life costs more but continues for life and may build surrender value — most households use large term for dependent years plus a small permanent policy only if a lifelong need exists.\nPurpose, premium, renewal, cash value, and cost over time for each design.\nTerm: low premium, fixed period, little cash value, age-based renewal.\nWhole life: higher premium, lifelong, possible surrender value.\nThe cheapest first-year premium can be the costliest over time.\nLarge term + small permanent is a common efficient structure.\nCompare cost over the whole horizon\nDo not compare only the first-year premium. Model the total cost over the period you actually need cover, including renewal repricing for term and the guaranteed surrender value for whole life, and match each to a temporary or permanent need.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/term-vs-whole-life-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:term-life-insurance-japan","guide:whole-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:fire-vs-earthquake-japan:en","entityId":"guide:fire-vs-earthquake-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fire insurance vs earthquake insurance","plainText":"Fire insurance covers fire and selected perils but not earthquake-caused fire; earthquake insurance attaches to a fire policy, is capped at 30%–50% of the fire amount, and pays by statutory damage categories — together they still may not fully rebuild a home.\nTrigger events, limits, earthquake fire, tsunami, and rebuilding gaps.\nFire insurance does not cover earthquake, eruption, or tsunami loss.\nEarthquake fire needs earthquake insurance, not fire insurance.\nEarthquake amounts are capped relative to the fire amount.\nNeither guarantees full reconstruction after a major event.\nWhy you usually need both\nFire insurance handles everyday property perils; earthquake insurance handles the seismic loss fire policies exclude. Decide the earthquake amount, understand the statutory damage grades, and plan savings for the reconstruction gap the caps leave.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/fire-vs-earthquake-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fire-insurance-japan","guide:earthquake-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mof-earthquake-insurance","publisher":"Ministry of Finance","title":"Earthquake insurance system","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/policy/financial_system/earthquake_insurance/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sonpo-earthquake","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Earthquake insurance guide","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Travel insurance vs credit-card insurance","plainText":"Standalone travel insurance offers higher, predictable medical and evacuation limits and cancellation cover; card insurance is convenient but may be usage-triggered, cardholder-only, capped low, and changeable — use card cover as a supplement you verify each trip.\nActivation, limits, duration, family coverage, cancellation, and gaps.\nStandalone policies usually have higher medical and evacuation limits.\nCard cover may require a qualifying purchase to activate.\nFamily members and cancellation may be missing from card cover.\nCard benefits change — verify the certificate before each trip.\nUse both, but verify\nCheck the card certificate for activation, insured persons, and limits, then buy a standalone policy for the gap — especially medical, evacuation, and cancellation in high-cost destinations.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:travel-insurance-japan","guide:credit-card-travel-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan:en","entityId":"guide:savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Savings insurance vs NISA","plainText":"Savings insurance bundles modest death protection with low-liquidity accumulation and surrender risk; NISA offers flexible, tax-free investment growth without protection — for most people, separating cheap term life from NISA investing is clearer and cheaper.\nLiquidity, guarantees, investment risk, tax treatment, and death protection.\nNISA gains are tax-free and the money stays liquid.\nSavings insurance can lose money on early surrender.\nInsurance adds death protection; NISA does not.\nSeparating term life from investing is usually more transparent.\nProtection and growth are different jobs\nCompare guaranteed values, fees, liquidity, and tax. If you need death cover, buy term life; if you want growth, invest through NISA or iDeCo. Bundle them only for a narrow, well-understood guarantee or estate objective.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan","guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Buying direct vs through an agent","plainText":"Direct online insurers suit straightforward term, auto, travel, pet, or medical needs and confident Japanese readers; agents and multi-insurer agencies help with medical underwriting, family protection, and complex planning — but their product set and incentives should be checked.\nPricing, advice, servicing, claims, and complexity across channels.\nDirect: fast quotes, transparent options, but limited human advice.\nSingle-insurer agent: deep service, restricted product set.\nMulti-insurer agency: compares outcomes, but not the whole market.\nAsk which insurers are represented and how commissions work.\nMatch the channel to the decision\nUse direct channels for simple, well-defined cover you can compare yourself. Use an agency for medical underwriting, family protection, or estate planning — and ask for a written comparison and the basis of any recommendation.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","guide:mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mutual aid (kyosai) vs commercial insurance","plainText":"Mutual aid (JA, CO-OP, Kokumin, prefectural kyosai) often offers simple, lower-cost benefits but with lower ceilings and different regulation; a cooperative benefit is not automatically interchangeable with an insurance-company policy, so compare eligibility, ceilings, continuation, and the protection framework.\nEligibility, premiums, benefits, continuation, regulation, and protection.\nKyosai benefits and maximums can be lower than customized insurance.\nEligibility may depend on residence, workplace, or cooperative membership.\nContinuation after leaving the group must be checked.\nCooperative contracts are not automatically under the standard policyholder-protection corporation.\nCompare governance and ceilings\nCompare governance, eligibility, surplus treatment, benefit ceilings, continuation rules, and the applicable protection framework. Kyosai can be excellent value for simple needs, but a larger or specialized risk may exceed its ceilings.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan","guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan:en","entityId":"guide:pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Pet insurance vs a veterinary savings fund","plainText":"Pet insurance turns unpredictable veterinary bills into a premium but excludes pre-existing conditions and reprices with age; a dedicated savings fund is flexible and unconditional but may be exhausted by a single major surgery or cancer treatment.\nPredictable premiums, exclusions, age-based increases, and catastrophic treatment.\nInsurance helps most against rare, catastrophic treatment costs.\nPre-existing conditions and preventive care are excluded from insurance.\nPremiums rise with age; savings do not, but can run out.\nEnroll early if you want insurance — conditions cannot be added later.\nFrequency vs severity\nIf you can self-fund routine care but not a large surgery, a higher-limit plan or a substantial reserve matters more than covering small claims. Compare the annual cap, deductible, age repricing, and lifetime renewability against a dedicated fund.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pet-insurance-japan","guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-single-employee-20s-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-single-employee-20s-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance for a single employee in their 20s","plainText":"A single employee usually already has strong public protection, so the priorities are an emergency fund, renter contents and personal liability, and modest income protection; life insurance is low priority without dependants or debt.\nExisting public benefits, emergency fund, renter, liability, and income protection.\nYou have health cover, high-cost benefit, sickness allowance, and pension disability protection.\nBuild an emergency fund before buying optional insurance.\nRenter contents and personal liability are cheap and useful.\nLife insurance is usually unnecessary without dependants or debt.\nPriority order\nEmergency fund first, then renter contents and personal liability, then travel insurance when relevant, then modest income protection if your savings cannot bridge the period after sickness allowance. Skip whole life and heavy medical riders.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-single-employee-20s-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:income-protection-japan","guide:insurance-renters-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-health-system","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"Health insurance system","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"kyoukaikenpo-sickness","publisher":"Japan Health Insurance Association","title":"Sickness and Injury Allowance","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-family-with-children-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-family-with-children-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance for families with children","plainText":"Families should size decreasing term or income-style death protection and disability cover against the years of lost earnings, education, and childcare after subtracting survivor pensions — then add comprehensive liability and home/earthquake cover; education insurance only after core protection.\nSurvivor pension, education, childcare, disability, term life, and home coverage.\nDeath protection should cover income, education, childcare, and debt to independence.\nEstimate survivor pensions before setting the insured amount.\nDisability cover can matter as much as death cover.\nAdd comprehensive personal liability and home/earthquake cover.\nSize against the real gap\nAdd debts, household income to independence, and education; subtract survivor pension, employer benefits, assets, and the surviving partner’s earnings. Buy education insurance only after core death, disability, liability, and home cover are in place.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-family-with-children-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","guide:term-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"jps-survivor","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Survivor pension","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/seido/izokunenkin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-homeowners-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-homeowners-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance for homeowners","plainText":"Homeowners should confirm mortgage group credit life insurance, insure the building at rebuilding cost with realistic contents, decide earthquake and flood cover from the hazard map, and protect the income needed to keep paying the loan.\nMortgage life cover, rebuilding, earthquake, flood, contents, and income risk.\nConfirm whether the mortgage includes group credit life insurance.\nInsure the building at rebuilding cost, not land or resale value.\nDecide earthquake and flood cover from local hazard exposure.\nIncome protection keeps the loan serviceable after disability.\nLayer the property and income risks\nGroup credit life may clear the mortgage on death but not fund daily living. Add building and contents at realistic values, earthquake and flood where the hazard map warrants, personal liability, and income protection for disability.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-homeowners-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-earthquake-insurance-japan","guide:fire-vs-earthquake-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mof-earthquake-insurance","publisher":"Ministry of Finance","title":"Earthquake insurance system","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/policy/financial_system/earthquake_insurance/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mlit-hazard-map","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Hazard Map Portal","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-renters-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-renters-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance for renters","plainText":"Renters mainly need contents cover, tenant liability to the landlord, and personal liability; add earthquake contents and check that a personal-liability rider is not duplicated across card or auto policies.\nContents, tenant liability, personal liability, bicycle, and earthquake coverage.\nContents cover protects your belongings, not the building.\nTenant liability covers damage you owe the landlord.\nPersonal liability covers everyday third-party claims.\nCheck for duplicate personal-liability riders before buying.\nConfirm the required limits\nConfirm the landlord’s required tenant-liability limit, add earthquake contents if you could not replace them after a quake, and avoid paying twice for personal liability you already hold elsewhere.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-renters-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:renter-insurance-japan","guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-freelancers-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-freelancers-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance for freelancers","plainText":"Freelancers have NHI, National Pension, and high-cost medical cover but no employer sickness allowance, paid leave, unemployment insurance, or ordinary workers’ compensation — so a larger emergency fund, income protection, special workers’ compensation, and professional/cyber cover become important.\nMissing employer benefits, income protection, workers’ compensation, and professional risk.\nNo sickness allowance means a bigger short-term income gap.\nSpecial workers’ compensation enrollment may be available since 2024.\nProfessional liability and cyber cover fit client and data risk.\nA larger emergency fund is often the highest-value step.\nFill the employer-benefit gaps\nMap the benefits an employee would have and replace the important ones: an emergency fund for the sickness-income gap, income protection, special workers’ compensation where eligible, and professional, cyber, equipment, and business-interruption cover as the work requires.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-freelancers-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:freelancer-insurance-japan","guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nichii-nhi","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"National Health Insurance system","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-freelance-rousai","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"Special enrollment in workers’ compensation (freelancers)","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/tokubetu.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-retirees-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-retirees-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance for retirees","plainText":"Retirees have public health, high-cost benefit, pension, and long-term-care cover; the priorities are a cash reserve and care plan, home/contents/liability cover, limited permanent life only for a defined need, and scrutiny of annuity and foreign-currency sales.\nPublic medical care, long-term care, permanent life, annuities, and fraud risk.\nLong-term care, food, and housing costs are not fully covered publicly.\nPermanent life only for a defined need such as estate liquidity.\nScrutinize annuity and foreign-currency products for fees and risk.\nWatch for high-pressure and fraudulent sales.\nPlan care and liquidity, not products\nBuild a cash reserve, plan for care and home adaptation, keep home/contents/liability cover, and use permanent life only for a specific inheritance or funeral need. Compare any annuity or foreign-currency proposal against deposits and public benefits first.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-retirees-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:long-term-care-insurance-japan","guide:savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-ltci","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"Long-Term Care Insurance system","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/hukushi_kaigo/kaigo_koureisha/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-foreign-residents-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-foreign-residents-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance for foreign residents","plainText":"Foreign residents use the same public systems when eligible; the extra risks are enrollment errors, misunderstood exclusions, inability to reach claims desks, and departure — so favor bilingual assistance, simple products, translated summaries, and written confirmation of residence and departure rules.\nPublic enrollment, language support, residency rules, beneficiaries, and departure.\nEnglish customer service does not always mean an English contract.\nNever sign a declaration you do not understand.\nConfirm in writing whether a policy continues after you leave Japan.\nKeep enrollment and contribution records for pension and health cover.\nComprehension and departure matter most\nUse an employer benefits team, municipal multilingual desk, an insurer with documented interpreter or English claims support, and a bilingual adviser. Before leaving Japan, get written answers on continuation, premium payment, notices, and claims for every policy.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-foreign-residents-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","guide:pension-for-foreign-residents-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nichii-nhi","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"National Health Insurance system","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-pet-owners-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-pet-owners-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance for pet owners","plainText":"Pet owners face large surgery, cancer, and chronic-illness costs with no public veterinary insurance; compare pet insurance against a dedicated reserve, and enroll before conditions develop if you want insurance, because pre-existing illness is excluded.\nPet insurance, emergency fund, age, breed, and expected veterinary costs.\nThere is no public veterinary insurance in Japan.\nInsurance helps most against rare, catastrophic treatment.\nEnroll early — pre-existing conditions are excluded.\nCompare reimbursement %, limits, deductibles, and age repricing.\nInsurance or a reserve\nIf you could self-fund routine care but not a major surgery, prioritize a higher annual limit or a substantial reserve over covering small claims. Enroll while the pet is young and healthy if you choose insurance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-pet-owners-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pet-insurance-japan","guide:pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance with a pre-existing condition","plainText":"Public health insurance covers eligible treatment without private underwriting; for private medical, cancer, life, or disability cover, try standard underwriting and insurer pre-assessment first, then group cover, then relaxed-underwriting products, comparing exclusions and ratings.\nPublic protection, standard underwriting, exclusions, group, and relaxed products.\nPublic health cover is unaffected by private underwriting.\nOutcomes range from standard acceptance to exclusion, rating, or decline.\nTry standard underwriting and pre-assessment before relaxed products.\nA larger savings reserve is a valid alternative to costly cover.\nThe order to try\nAttempt standard underwriting, request pre-assessment, consider group cover through work, then compare relaxed-underwriting products — weighing higher premiums and reduced early benefits against a larger emergency fund. Disclose accurately throughout.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","guide:underwriting-and-disclosure-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to make an insurance claim in Japan","plainText":"For almost every claim: protect life and prevent further damage, contact the relevant authority, notify the insurer promptly, gather evidence, submit a factual chronology, disclose other cover, obtain the decision in writing, and escalate disputes methodically.\nA universal process: evidence, notification, documents, decision, and escalation.\nNotify the insurer promptly even before the final amount is known.\nAsk for the claim number, required documents, and deadlines.\nPreserve photos, receipts, records, and correspondence.\nGet the decision and any denial reason in writing.\nThe ten-step sequence\nProtect life; contact police, fire, medical, building, airline, or card authority; notify the insurer; ask for the claim number and documents; preserve evidence; submit a chronology; disclose other insurance; obtain the decision in writing; challenge factual mistakes with clause references; then escalate unresolved complaints.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/how-to-make-a-claim-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan","guide:insurance-complaints-adr-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan:en","entityId":"guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why insurance claims are denied","plainText":"Claims are denied when the event is excluded, a definition is not met, coverage had not begun or the policy lapsed, a limit was exhausted, or a material disclosure duty was breached — so read the contractual reason and check it against the wording.\nExclusions, definitions, lapse, waiting periods, limits, and nondisclosure.\nA denial must state a contractual reason — get it in writing.\nCommon reasons: exclusion, unmet definition, lapse, or nondisclosure.\nWaiting periods and exhausted limits also block payment.\nFactual mistakes can be challenged with evidence and clause references.\nMatch the reason to the wording\nObtain the written reason and the exact clause, then check whether the facts truly meet the exclusion or fail the definition. If the insurer relied on a factual error, respond with evidence and the relevant clause before escalating.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/why-claims-are-denied-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan","guide:insurance-complaints-adr-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-complaints-adr-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-complaints-adr-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance complaints and ADR in Japan","plainText":"Escalate in order: the claims handler, the insurer’s complaint office, the agent’s management, then the Sonpo ADR Center for non-life or the Life Insurance Association’s dispute resolution for life, then consumer affairs, the FSA, and finally legal remedies.\nInsurer complaint office, Sonpo ADR, life-insurance ADR, consumer affairs, and FSA.\nStart with the claims handler and the insurer’s complaint office.\nNon-life disputes go to the Sonpo ADR Center; life to the LIA process.\nLocal consumer affairs centers and the FSA can also help.\nKeep the wording, application answers, notices, and every written reason.\nThe escalation ladder\nWork up the ladder while keeping the insurer involved, using the designated ADR body for your product type. Keep the policy wording, warning information, application answers, notices, medical and repair documents, and every written denial reason.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-complaints-adr-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan","guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"sonpo-adr","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Sonpo ADR Center (non-life insurance complaints and dispute resolution)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/about/soudan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"lia-consultation","publisher":"The Life Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Life Insurance Association consultation and dispute resolution","url":"https://www.seiho.or.jp/contact/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"ncac-insurance","publisher":"National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan (NCAC)","title":"Consumer advice and warnings","url":"https://www.kokusen.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:annual-insurance-review-japan:en","entityId":"guide:annual-insurance-review-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Annual insurance review","plainText":"Review your cover after marriage, birth, job change, home purchase, mortgage repayment, diagnosis, retirement, pet adoption, vehicle change, or departure — confirming beneficiaries, public benefits, duplicate cover, valuations, and whether cancellation would create a new underwriting problem.\nA checklist to run after life, job, home, family, vehicle, or residency changes.\nUpdate beneficiaries and contact information.\nRe-check public and employer benefits and required death cover.\nFind duplicate liability, travel, bicycle, device, and pet cover.\nNever cancel health or life cover before a replacement has commenced.\nWhat to confirm each year\nConfirm beneficiaries, public and employer benefits, mortgage credit-life cover, duplicate riders, outdated driver and household restrictions, building and contents replacement value, flood and earthquake decisions, disability waiting periods, surrender values, renewal ages, overseas residence, and whether cancellation would create a new underwriting problem.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/annual-insurance-review-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How taxes work in Japan","plainText":"Japan runs two parallel systems: national income tax (withheld and often settled by an employer year-end adjustment) and local resident tax billed the year after you earn — with a final tax return reconciling anything withholding did not cover.\nNational vs local tax, calendar-year taxation, withholding, year-end adjustment, and the delayed resident-tax bill.\nNational taxes fund the central government; local (resident) taxes fund your prefecture and municipality.\nThe income-tax year is the calendar year, January 1 to December 31.\nEmployers withhold income tax during the year; withholding is a prepayment, not the final bill.\nResident tax (~10%) is assessed on the previous year’s income and collected from June the following year.\nA ¥300,000 income deduction cuts taxable income, not tax — the saving is roughly your marginal rate times the deduction.\nNational tax and local tax\nTwo separate authorities tax your income. National income tax (所得税) is administered by the National Tax Agency and is progressive. Local resident tax (住民税) is administered by your municipality and prefecture; the income portion is generally about 10% — in Tokyo, 4% prefectural plus 6% municipal — with fixed per-capita amounts and the national forest-environment tax collected alongside it. A Special Income Tax for Reconstruction equal to 2.1% of your calculated national income tax applies through 2037.\nWithholding and year-end adjustment\nEmployers, pension payers, and some business customers withhold tax as you are paid. Because the withheld amount rarely equals your exact annual liability, an employer performs a year-end adjustment (年末調整) that reconciles most employees’ national income tax. A refund at that point simply means too much was prepaid — it does not mean the income was untaxed.\nWhy the resident-tax bill arrives late\nResident tax is assessed on the previous calendar year’s income and collected from June of the following year through the next May. New arrivals often owe little in year one and get a surprise bill in year two; people who leave Japan can still owe resident tax based on the year before departure. Budget for this timing gap.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/how-taxes-work-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing","faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-income-tax-rate","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income tax rates (progressive brackets)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2260.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"Shinjuku City","title":"Individual resident tax","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Types of taxes in Japan","plainText":"Beyond income and resident tax, you may encounter consumption tax, individual enterprise tax, fixed-asset and city-planning taxes, real-estate acquisition tax, registration and stamp taxes, automobile taxes, and gift or inheritance tax — each with its own trigger and authority.\nA directory of the personal taxes you may meet: income, resident, consumption, enterprise, property, gift, inheritance, and more.\nNational: income tax, consumption tax, registration/stamp tax, gift and inheritance tax.\nLocal: resident tax, enterprise tax, fixed-asset and city-planning tax, real-estate acquisition tax.\nWhich office handles a problem depends on which tax it is — national tax office vs municipality vs prefecture.\nIndividual enterprise tax applies only to designated business classes, after a ~¥2.9M owner allowance.\nNational taxes\nThe National Tax Agency administers national income tax and the 2.1% reconstruction surtax, consumption tax on taxable business supplies, registration and license tax on registrations (including real-estate titles), stamp tax on specified paper instruments, and gift and inheritance tax. These are billed and paid to the national system, and disputes go to the national tax office (税務署).\nLocal taxes\nYour prefecture and municipality assess resident tax (income portion ~10% plus per-capita amounts), individual enterprise tax on designated business classes (business-owner allowance generally ¥2.9 million per full year; rates commonly 3%, 4%, or 5%), fixed-asset and city-planning taxes on land, buildings, and depreciable assets, and real-estate acquisition tax when you acquire property. A wrong resident-tax notice is fixed by the municipality, not the national tax office.\nAutomobiles, gifts, and estates\nOwning a vehicle brings automobile-related taxes (ownership, weight, environmental classification). Receiving gifts above the ¥1.1 million annual exemption can trigger gift tax; inheriting an estate above the basic exemption (¥30 million + ¥6 million per statutory heir) can trigger inheritance tax, with a ten-month filing deadline. These are fact-heavy areas where a professional is often warranted.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/types-of-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan","guide:property-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"Shinjuku City","title":"Individual resident tax","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"The 10 types of income in Japan","plainText":"Japan sorts every receipt into one of ten statutory income categories, and the category — not the contract wording — decides which expenses and losses you can use and how the tax is calculated.\nEmployment, business, miscellaneous, real-estate, capital-gain, dividend, interest, retirement, forestry, and occasional income — and why the label matters.\nThe ten categories: interest, dividend, real-estate, business, employment, retirement, forestry, capital-gain, occasional, and miscellaneous income.\nSubstance (continuity, scale, records, profit motive) — not the payer’s label — sets the category.\nBusiness and real-estate income can access blue-return benefits and loss carryforward; miscellaneous income generally cannot.\nSome categories (listed shares, retirement, certain financial income) use separate taxation, not the aggregate progressive table.\nThe ten categories\nThe statutory list is: interest income (利子所得), dividend income (配当所得), real-estate income (不動産所得), business income (事業所得), employment income (給与所得), retirement income (退職所得), forestry income (山林所得), capital-gain income (譲渡所得), occasional income (一時所得), and miscellaneous income (雑所得). Employment income uses a fixed employment-income deduction rather than itemized expenses; business income allows broad necessary expenses; retirement and listed-share income use their own separate calculations.\nWhy the label matters\nA creator, affiliate, online seller, consultant, or developer can have employment, business, or miscellaneous income depending on the facts. The difference is not cosmetic: business income can use the blue-return special deduction, family-employee salaries, and (with qualifying losses) a three-year loss carryforward, while a loss from miscellaneous income generally cannot be set against your salary. When your side activity grows continuous and organized, its correct category — and its records — should be settled deliberately.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/the-10-types-of-income-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-income-categories","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Overview of the income categories","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1300.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-income-vs-misc","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"How business income is taxed (事業所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1350.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets:en","entityId":"guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan income tax rates and brackets","plainText":"National income tax has seven progressive brackets from 5% to 45%, applied to taxable income (not gross salary); a 2.1% reconstruction surtax is added, and local resident tax of about 10% is calculated separately.\nThe seven progressive national bands, the reconstruction surtax, and how marginal differs from average.\nBrackets apply to taxable income after deductions, not to gross salary.\nThe seven rates are 5, 10, 20, 23, 33, 40, and 45 percent.\nA quick formula: tax = taxable income × rate − bracket adjustment; then add the 2.1% surtax.\nYour marginal rate (on the next yen) is higher than your average rate (over all income).\nThe progressive brackets\nTaxable income is taxed in bands: 5% up to ¥1.95M, 10% to ¥3.3M, 20% to ¥6.95M, 23% to ¥9M, 33% to ¥18M, 40% to ¥40M, and 45% above ¥40M. The NTA’s rate table pairs each rate with a subtraction so you can compute the tax in one line. For ¥7,000,000 of taxable income: ¥7,000,000 × 23% − ¥636,000 = ¥974,000 of national income tax before the surtax and credits.\nSurtax, resident tax, and marginal rate\nOn top of the calculated national tax, add a reconstruction surtax of 2.1% (about ¥20,454 on ¥974,000). Local resident tax of roughly 10% is calculated separately under municipal rules. Because only income within a band is taxed at that band’s rate, a raise does not retroactively re-tax your earlier income — the higher rate applies only to the portion above each threshold. This is why marginal and average rates differ, and why a deduction saves roughly your marginal rate times the deduction.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-income-tax-rate","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income tax rates (progressive brackets)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2260.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return:en","entityId":"guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Year-end adjustment vs a final tax return","plainText":"Year-end adjustment (年末調整) is your employer reconciling the income tax on the salary they paid; a final return (確定申告) is you reconciling all reportable income — you may need the return for side income, medical expenses, or the first mortgage-credit year even after year-end adjustment.\nWhat each one covers, who performs it, and when you still need to file despite year-end adjustment.\nYear-end adjustment is done by the employer; a final return is done by you (or a 税理士).\nYear-end adjustment covers only employment income that employer handled.\nMedical expense deduction, donations beyond one-stop, and the first mortgage-credit year need a return.\nA year-end adjustment does not cure unreported side, rental, overseas, or investment income.\nWho does each, and what it covers\nYour employer runs year-end adjustment as part of payroll near year-end. It typically applies the basic, spouse, dependent, social-insurance, and life-insurance deductions, and — from the second year — the mortgage credit. A final return, filed by you ordinarily between February 16 and March 15, covers everything: business and rental results, capital gains, the medical and donation deductions, the first mortgage-credit year, and the foreign-tax credit.\nWhen both are involved\nYou can be adjusted and still have to file. A salaried employee with more than ¥200,000 of side income, two jobs, large medical bills, or a first-year mortgage files a return that starts from the withholding certificate the employer already produced. Neither process is a universal cure: resident-tax declarations, gift tax, and consumption tax can remain separate obligations.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-withholding","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Withholding at source on certain fees paid to individuals","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule:en","entityId":"guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan’s ¥200,000 side-income rule","plainText":"A salaried employee with one withholding-covered job generally must file a national return when income other than employment and retirement exceeds ¥200,000 — measured after related expenses, not as gross revenue, and even below it a resident-tax declaration may still be required.\nWhen side income makes a salaried employee file — and why it is income after expenses, not revenue.\nThe test is income after related expenses, not gross revenue.\nIt applies to an employee whose salary is fully covered by one employer’s withholding.\nExactly ¥200,000 does not trigger it — the rule is “exceeds” ¥200,000.\nThe ¥200,000 income-tax relief does NOT remove the resident-tax reporting obligation.\nIncome, not revenue\nThe rule looks at income after allowable related expenses. If you earn ¥300,000 of affiliate revenue and incur ¥80,000 of directly related platform and advertising costs, your income is ¥220,000 — over the threshold, so a return is due. Cut expenses so income is exactly ¥200,000 and that particular salary-side-income trigger is not exceeded, but you must still check other filing triggers and your municipality’s resident-tax rules.\nThe resident-tax catch\nThe ¥200,000 rule is a national income-tax convenience, not a tax exemption. Municipalities generally still expect you to declare that side income for resident-tax purposes even when no national return is required. Skipping it is a common and avoidable mistake — file the resident-tax declaration with your city if you are under the national threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-income-vs-misc","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"How business income is taxed (事業所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1350.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Complete guide to tax deductions in Japan","plainText":"An income deduction (所得控除) reduces the income you are taxed on; a tax credit (税額控除) reduces the tax itself — so a ¥300,000 deduction saves roughly your marginal rate times ¥300,000, while a ¥300,000 credit can cut tax by up to ¥300,000.\nHow income deductions and tax credits differ, and the main ones: basic, spouse, dependent, medical, insurance, iDeCo, donations, mortgage.\nDeductions reduce taxable income; credits reduce tax — a deduction is not a refund of its full amount.\nPayroll (year-end adjustment) handles basic, spouse, dependent, social-insurance, and life-insurance deductions.\nMedical expenses, donations beyond one-stop, and the first mortgage year require a tax return.\nThe medical threshold is ¥100,000 (or 5% of total income below ¥2M); the deduction is capped at ¥2M.\nDeduction vs credit\nIncome deductions — basic, spouse and spouse-special, dependent, specified-relative, medical, social-insurance, life and earthquake insurance, small-business/iDeCo contributions, donations, disability, and single-parent — subtract from your taxable income. Tax credits, such as the housing-loan credit and dividend credit, subtract from the calculated tax. The distinction decides how much you actually save: a deduction’s value scales with your marginal rate; a credit is a near-direct reduction, subject to its own limits.\nThe deductions most people use\nEmployees automatically get the employment-income deduction (at least ¥650,000 from 2025, capped at ¥1.95M) plus the basic deduction, whose 2026 amount depends on total income after reform. The medical deduction equals qualifying costs minus reimbursements minus the ¥100,000 (or 5%) threshold, capped at ¥2M — file a statement and keep receipts five years. iDeCo contributions are deductible; life and earthquake insurance follow statutory caps; and Furusato Nozei donations flow through as a donation deduction plus resident-tax credit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-furusato","faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:furusato-nozei-explained","guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-basic-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Basic deduction (基礎控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1199.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-medical-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Medical expense deduction (医療費控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1120.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-employment-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Employment income deduction (給与所得控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1410.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-taxes-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:investment-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investment taxes in Japan","plainText":"Listed-share gains and dividends are usually taxed separately at about 20.315%, NISA shelters eligible gains entirely, iDeCo defers tax and deducts contributions, and crypto is taxed as miscellaneous income at your progressive rate — much higher for large gains.\nHow stocks, dividends, NISA, iDeCo, and crypto are taxed — and when filing helps.\nListed shares: separate taxation, combined 20.315%; a withholding account can avoid filing.\nFiling a share loss lets you offset dividends and carry the loss forward three years.\nNISA shelters gains and dividends but its losses cannot offset taxable gains.\nCrypto is miscellaneous income at progressive rates — taxable on swaps and spending, not just cash-out.\nShares, dividends, and accounts\nGains on listed shares are generally taxed under separate self-assessment at a combined 20.315% (15% national + 0.315% reconstruction + 5% local). A withholding-designated (特定) account can settle the tax without a return. Listed dividends usually have 15.315% national withholding plus 5% local; you may choose non-filing, aggregate, or separate taxation. Filing can be worthwhile to offset a listed-share loss against dividends and to carry a qualifying loss forward three years — but filing can also raise resident-tax-based measures like health-insurance premiums.\nNISA, iDeCo, and crypto\nNISA lets you invest up to ¥3.6M a year (¥18M lifetime at acquisition cost) with eligible gains and distributions tax-free; sold capacity generally becomes reusable the next year, but NISA losses cannot offset taxable gains. iDeCo deducts contributions from income, defers investment tax, and taxes benefits as pension or retirement income. Crypto is different: disposals — selling, swapping, or spending — generally produce miscellaneous income taxed at your progressive rate, and crypto losses do not get the listed-share loss regime.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/investment-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:crypto-tax-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-listed-shares","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of listed-share transfers (separate self-assessment)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-crypto","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"FAQ on the tax treatment of crypto-assets","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-taxes-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:property-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property taxes in Japan","plainText":"Buying property brings real-estate acquisition, registration, and stamp taxes; owning it brings annual fixed-asset and city-planning taxes; renting it out creates real-estate income; and selling it is a separate capital-gain transaction — not rental income.\nBuying, owning, renting out, and selling property — the taxes at each stage.\nPurchase: real-estate acquisition tax, registration and license tax, stamp tax, and building consumption tax.\nOwnership: annual fixed-asset tax and city-planning tax, assessed and billed by the municipality.\nRenting: rent, nonrefundable deposits, and renewal fees are income; interest and depreciation are deductible, principal is not.\nSelling: a separate capital gain with holding-period rules — land and building are treated differently.\nBuying and owning\nAcquiring real property can trigger real-estate acquisition tax (prefectural), registration and license tax on the title transfer and any mortgage, stamp tax on paper contracts, and consumption tax on the taxable building component (land is treated differently). Registration tax uses statutory rates on assessed values — for example, the ordinary land-sale title-transfer rate is 2%, with temporary reduced rates that must be rechecked by transaction date. Once you own, the municipality bills annual fixed-asset and city-planning taxes based on the January 1 owner and assessed value.\nRenting out and selling\nRental income includes rents, nonrefundable deposits, renewal fees, and tenant reimbursements. Deductible expenses include fixed-asset tax, insurance, depreciation, repairs, and the rental-related portion of loan interest — but loan principal is never deductible, and capital improvements are depreciated, not expensed. Selling is not rental income: it is a separate capital-gain transaction with short- and long-term holding distinctions, and you must separate land from building because land is not depreciated. Keep the purchase contract, land/building allocation, and depreciation history.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/property-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:rent-vs-buy-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Real-estate (rental) income (不動産所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"Shinjuku City","title":"Individual resident tax","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes in Japan for foreign residents","plainText":"Your tax residency category (not your visa) decides what Japan can tax: non-residents on Japan-source income, non-permanent residents also on foreign income paid in or remitted to Japan, and permanent residents on worldwide income — with treaties and the foreign-tax credit reducing double taxation.\nTax residency, worldwide vs Japan-source income, remittances, foreign-tax credits, and moving or leaving Japan.\nTax residency ≠ immigration status; you can be a tax resident from day one if facts establish a domicile.\n“183 days” is not Japan’s universal residence test — domicile and one-year residence are the domestic tests.\nNon-permanent residents (≤5 of last 10 years) are taxed on remitted foreign income, not just Japan-source.\nWork performed in Japan is Japan-source even when paid into a foreign account by a foreign employer.\nResidency and what Japan taxes\nFor income tax, you are a non-resident, non-permanent resident, or permanent resident — a tax concept separate from the immigration “permanent resident.” Non-residents are taxed only on Japan-source income; non-permanent residents (non-Japanese who have had a domicile or residence in Japan for no more than five of the last ten years) are also taxed on foreign-source income paid in or remitted to Japan; other residents are taxed on worldwide income. Domicile is your settled center of life — occupation, family, housing, and assets — not a day count, so do not treat “183 days” as the test.\nRemittances, credits, and moving\nRemitting overseas income to a Japanese account can create tax for a non-permanent resident under source and ordering rules — do not assume only money kept abroad is safe. A Japanese resident can claim a foreign-tax credit for qualifying foreign income taxes, limited by Japanese ceilings and requiring country, income-category, and payment documentation. When moving in, preserve arrival dates, asset cost basis, equity-compensation records, and remittance records; when leaving, settle the departure-year return and resident tax and appoint a tax agent (納税管理人) if filings, refunds, or notices will arise after you go.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status","faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-residency-explained","guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-tax-agent","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Tax agent for a taxpayer leaving Japan","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/12004.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund:en","entityId":"guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"When you should file for a tax refund","plainText":"File a refund return if you had large medical expenses, left a job without year-end adjustment, are in the first mortgage-credit year, made deductible donations, had an investment loss, or paid foreign tax — you have five years to claim it.\nMedical bills, a missed year-end adjustment, the first mortgage year, donations, investment losses, and foreign tax.\nA refund return is optional and available even when you have no filing obligation.\nYou can file from January 1 and have five years to claim.\nCommon triggers: medical deduction, mid-year job exit, first mortgage year, donations, share losses, foreign tax.\nOnce you file, all income required on that return must be reported consistently.\nSituations that produce a refund\nWithholding is a prepayment, so any year you prepaid more than your final tax you can reclaim the difference. The most common cases are qualifying medical expenses above the threshold, employment that ended before year-end so no employer adjusted you, the first year of a housing-loan credit (which must be filed), eligible donations not fully processed, a listed-share loss set against dividends, and foreign tax paid on income also taxed in Japan.\nClaiming it\nGather the withholding certificate and the supporting documents for your deduction, then file through e-Tax or on paper. Because you have five years, a forgotten deduction from a prior year can still be reclaimed. Filing a refund return is voluntary only where no filing obligation otherwise exists.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-refund-return","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Refund returns (還付申告)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2030.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to file a Japanese tax return","plainText":"Collect your certificates and records, classify every receipt into its income category, calculate income and apply deductions and credits, then submit through e-Tax or the tax office between roughly February 16 and March 15 — and arrange payment separately.\nThe end-to-end workflow from documents and classification through submission, payment, and records.\nClassify income first — the category decides expenses, losses, and calculation.\nReconcile totals to bank, card, platform, and securities records.\nEnter deductions, credits, withholding, and any estimated payments.\nSubmit via e-Tax (My Number card) or the tax office; filing is not payment.\nThe workflow\nCollect all withholding certificates, payment statements, sales and expense ledgers, broker and pension statements, donation and insurance certificates, medical data, and prior-year carryforward schedules. Classify every receipt, reconcile to your records, calculate business, rental, capital-gain, pension, and miscellaneous income, apply loss-offset and carryforward rules, then enter income deductions, tax credits, withholding, foreign tax, and estimated payments.\nSubmitting and paying\nThe NTA Return Preparation Corner builds and transmits the return through e-Tax with a My Number card, and Mynaportal can import supported salary, pension, medical, donation, insurance, and mortgage data. Review the resident-tax and business-tax questions before submitting, retain the acceptance record, and arrange payment separately — filing alone does not pay the tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:how-to-use-e-tax","guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","guide:japan-tax-return-deadlines"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-etax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"e-Tax National Tax Electronic Filing","url":"https://www.e-tax.nta.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-tax-return-deadlines:en","entityId":"guide:japan-tax-return-deadlines","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan tax return deadlines","plainText":"For the prior year: income tax is due around February 16–March 15, gift tax February 1–March 15, and sole-proprietor consumption tax by March 31; estimated tax falls in July and November; refund claims can start January 1 and run five years.\nIncome tax, gift tax, consumption tax, estimated payments, and refund-claim timing.\nIncome-tax return + payment: about February 16 to March 15.\nGift-tax return: about February 1 to March 15.\nSole-proprietor consumption tax: about March 31.\nEstimated tax installments: July 31 and November 30; refund claims: five years.\nThe expected schedule\nFor income earned in a calendar year, the ordinary income-tax return runs about February 16 to March 15 of the following year, with payment due by March 15. Gift tax for gifts received that year is filed about February 1 to March 15. A sole proprietor’s consumption-tax return and payment are ordinarily due by March 31. Estimated income-tax installments fall on July 31 and November 30 for taxpayers subject to prepayment.\nTiming notes\nRefund claims can be started before the general window and remain available for five years. Exact bank-transfer debit dates are published separately each year, and when a deadline falls on a weekend or holiday it shifts to the next business day. Always confirm the current-year dates on the NTA filing-special site.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-tax-return-deadlines","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-calendar","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan","guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-consumption-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Consumption-tax liability for businesses","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-tax-calendar:en","entityId":"guide:japan-tax-calendar","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan tax calendar","plainText":"The tax year runs January to December; withholding and monthly bookkeeping happen all year, resident tax is collected June to May, estimated tax falls in July and November, documents arrive in January, and returns are filed February–March.\nA month-by-month view of obligations for employees, freelancers, landlords, and investors.\nJanuary 1: start of the tax year; January-1 residence matters for resident tax.\nJune onward: resident tax collection begins, based on last year’s income.\nJuly 31 and November 30: estimated tax installments.\nJanuary: certificates arrive; February 16–March 15: file the return.\nThrough the year\nJanuary starts the income-tax year, and your January-1 municipality assesses resident tax. All year you reconcile payslips, invoices, bank feeds, securities transactions, crypto disposals, and deductible expenses. From June, resident tax for the year is collected (through the following May) based on the prior year. Employers gather year-end-adjustment documents in October–December, and December 31 fixes many dependent and deduction tests.\nFiling season\nIn January you obtain withholding certificates, annual broker reports, pension statements, and donation and insurance certificates. Gift-tax returns run February 1–March 15, income-tax returns February 16–March 15, and sole-proprietor consumption tax to March 31. Estimated tax, if applicable, is paid July 31 and November 30. Refund claims can be filed earlier and for five years.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-tax-calendar","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-return-deadlines","guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"Shinjuku City","title":"Individual resident tax","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-use-e-tax:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-use-e-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to use e-Tax","plainText":"e-Tax is the free national electronic-filing system: authenticate with a My Number card (the standard route for new users since October 2025), prepare the return in the Return Preparation Corner, transmit it, and save the acceptance notice — payment is arranged separately.\nAccount setup, My Number authentication, filing, submission records, and common errors.\ne-Tax is free and prepares plus transmits national returns.\nA My Number card is the standard authentication for new users since October 2025.\nMynaportal can prefill supported salary, pension, medical, donation, insurance, and mortgage data.\nSave the acceptance notice; filing is separate from payment.\nSetup and authentication\nCreate an e-Tax account and authenticate. Because the NTA stopped issuing new ID-password credentials on October 1, 2025, new users authenticate with a My Number card via a smartphone or card reader. The card proves your identity so the return can be transmitted without paper. Existing ID-password users can continue under the transitional rules.\nFiling and records\nPrepare the return in the Return Preparation Corner, using Mynaportal to import supported certificates where available, then transmit. Keep the acceptance notice (受信通知) as proof of filing. Common snags are card-reader/app issues, an expired certificate, and confusing filing with payment — you still choose a payment method afterward.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/how-to-use-e-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-etax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"e-Tax National Tax Electronic Filing","url":"https://www.e-tax.nta.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-mynaportal","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Mynaportal linkage for tax-return data import","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/shinkoku/mynaportal/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Documents needed to file taxes in Japan","plainText":"The documents you need depend on your situation: withholding certificates for salary, ledgers and receipts for business, leases and loan statements for rental, annual reports for securities, transaction exports for crypto, and specific certificates for each deduction.\nA personalized document list by employment, business, rental, investment, overseas income, and deductions.\nEmployment: all withholding certificates and employer reimbursements.\nBusiness/rental: sales and expense ledgers, invoices, loan statements, fixed-asset list.\nInvestments: annual broker reports, dividend statements, crypto exports.\nDeductions: insurance, pension, medical, donation, and dependent documents.\nBy income type\nEmployment needs every withholding certificate (including from former employers) and reimbursement records. Business needs the sales ledger, invoices, bank and card exports, receipts, and the fixed-asset list. Rental needs the lease, rent ledger, purchase allocation between land and building, loan statement, and tax notices. Securities need annual transaction and dividend statements (plus foreign-broker CSVs), and crypto needs complete transaction exports, wallet addresses, and a cost-basis report.\nBy deduction\nEach deduction has its own evidence: insurance and pension certificates, medical statements with retained receipts, donation certificates, dependent relationship and (for overseas dependents) remittance documents, and — for the mortgage credit — loan balance, registry, contracts, and energy certificates. For gifts or inheritance, keep donor/decedent details, valuations, a family tree, and records of prior gifts.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","guide:how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to pay Japanese taxes","plainText":"Filing and payment are separate steps. You can pay national tax by account transfer (direct debit), internet banking, credit card, convenience store, smartphone app, e-Tax direct payment, or at the bank — keep proof of payment.\nBank transfer, account transfer (振替納税), online payment, card, and proof of payment.\nFiling is not payment — you must pay separately by the deadline.\nAccount transfer (振替納税) auto-debits on a published later date.\nOptions include internet banking, card, convenience store, and app payment.\nKeep proof of payment; card payments carry a fee.\nPayment methods\nNational tax can be paid by account transfer (振替納税), which auto-debits from your bank on a separately published date; by internet banking or direct payment through e-Tax; by credit card (with a processing fee); at a convenience store with a QR/barcode within limits; by smartphone app payment; or in cash at a bank or tax office. Account transfer is convenient because it moves the debit date later than the filing deadline.\nProof and timing\nWhatever method you choose, keep evidence — the receipt, bank record, or e-Tax payment record. Interest for late payment (延滞税) accrues from the day after the deadline, so pay on time even if you filed early. If you genuinely cannot pay, contact the tax office promptly about a grace of payment rather than ignoring the bill.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes","guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-payment-methods","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"How to pay national tax","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/nozei/nofu.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Estimated tax payments in Japan","plainText":"If your prior-year return produces a sufficient prepayment base, the NTA sends a notice and you prepay income tax in two installments (July 31 and November 30), each about one-third of the base, reconciled on your next return — with a reduction application available if income drops.\nWho gets notices, the July and November installments, the calculation basis, and reduction applications.\nTriggered when your prepayment base from the prior year is high enough.\nTwo installments: July 31 and November 30, each ~one-third of the base.\nIt is a prepayment reconciled on the following year’s return.\nA reduction application is possible when current income falls substantially.\nWho pays and how much\nWhen your prior-year return leaves a prepayment base above the statutory line, the tax office notifies you and you prepay in July and November. Each installment is commonly one-third of the base. This is not an extra tax — it is your next year’s income tax paid early, and the two installments plus withholding are credited when you file.\nReduction applications\nIf your current-year income will be substantially lower — you closed a business, took leave, or lost a major client — you can apply to reduce the prepayment so you are not overpaying and waiting for a refund. Apply by the published deadline with supporting estimates. The final reconciliation still happens on your return.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/estimated-tax-payments-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan","guide:japan-tax-calendar"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-estimated-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Estimated income-tax prepayment (予定納税)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2039.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How long to keep tax records in Japan","plainText":"Blue-return books and most business records are generally kept seven years (some categories five); white-return taxpayers have five- and seven-year obligations; consumption-tax invoices are kept seven years; and medical receipts for a filed deduction are kept five years.\nRetention periods for employees, blue and white returns, digital records, receipts, and invoices.\nBlue return: books and key records generally seven years (some five).\nWhite return: five- and seven-year retention obligations still apply.\nConsumption-tax invoices and books: seven years.\nMedical receipts for a filed deduction: five years.\nThe retention periods\nFor a blue-return sole proprietor, journals, ledgers, and most supporting documents are generally kept seven years, with some categories (certain receipts) five. White-return taxpayers also face five- and seven-year obligations. Consumption-tax records — books and the invoices needed for input credits — are generally kept seven years. Employees keep their withholding certificates and, for a filed medical deduction, receipts for five years.\nDigital records\nUnder the electronic-record rules, invoices and documents you receive electronically generally must be preserved electronically — you cannot simply print and discard the digital original. Keep a consistent, searchable filing system, because the retention clock runs from the filing deadline and applies across audit, refund, and loss-carryforward periods.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","guide:consumption-tax-freelancers-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-bookkeeping","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Bookkeeping and record retention","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2080.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mistake-on-your-tax-return:en","entityId":"guide:mistake-on-your-tax-return","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What to do if you made a mistake on your tax return","plainText":"If you paid too little, file an amended return (修正申告); if you paid too much, file a request for correction (更正の請求) — generally within five years — and a voluntary correction before an audit notice avoids the ordinary understatement penalty.\nAmended returns, requests for correction, supporting records, and deadlines.\nUnderreported tax → amended return (修正申告).\nOverreported tax → request for correction (更正の請求), generally within five years.\nVoluntary correction before an audit notice avoids the understatement penalty (interest may remain).\nA wrong resident-tax notice is fixed with the municipality, not the tax office.\nFixing an error\nIf you understated tax, file an amended return and pay the difference; if you overstated it, file a request for correction to reclaim the excess, generally within five years of the original deadline. Attach the records that support the change. If the mistake was in a payer’s withholding certificate, ask the payer to correct it before adjusting your return.\nPenalties and timing\nA voluntary correction made before the tax office contacts you generally avoids the understatement penalty, though delinquent interest can still apply for the period the tax was unpaid. The sooner you correct, the lower the cost. For a resident-tax notice error, contact your municipality — the national tax office cannot fix a municipal assessment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/mistake-on-your-tax-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan","guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-amended-return","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Amended returns and requests for correction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/shinkokusho/kakutei.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-refund-return","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Refund returns (還付申告)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2030.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Late tax returns in Japan","plainText":"You can still file after the deadline as a late return (期限後申告); filing voluntarily before the tax office contacts you reduces the non-filing penalty, but delinquent tax accrues from the day after the deadline — so file and pay as soon as possible.\nThe late-return procedure, penalties, voluntary filing, and payment arrangements.\nLate filing is possible via 期限後申告 — do not skip filing entirely.\nVoluntary filing before contact reduces the non-filing penalty.\nDelinquent tax accrues from the day after the deadline.\nIf you cannot pay, ask about a grace of payment rather than not filing.\nFiling late\nThe procedure is the same return, filed after the deadline. The key is to file voluntarily: if you come forward before the tax office contacts you, the non-filing penalty is generally lighter than if they find it first. Several late years can be filed together; a 税理士 can help if records are incomplete or income was omitted.\nPaying and penalties\nDelinquent tax runs from the day after the original deadline, so pay as soon as you file. Non-filing and understatement penalties, and aggravated penalties for concealment, depend on conduct, timing, and disclosure. If you cannot pay in full, contact the office about a grace of payment — usually available for up to a year where conditions are met.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/late-tax-returns-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:mistake-on-your-tax-return","guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-penalties","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Late filing, additional tax, and delinquent tax","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2024.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest:en","entityId":"guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan tax penalties and interest","plainText":"Japan adds penalties for understating, not filing, or not paying tax — plus aggravated penalties for concealment and delinquent interest (about 2.8% then 9.1% in 2026). Correcting voluntarily before the tax office contacts you generally reduces or removes the penalty.\nUnderstatement, non-filing, non-payment, aggravated penalties, and delinquent interest.\nUnderstatement, non-filing, and non-payment each have their own additional tax.\nConcealment or falsification triggers a heavier aggravated penalty (重加算税).\n2026 delinquent-tax rates: about 2.8% initially, 9.1% after the initial period.\nVoluntary correction before contact generally lowers or removes the penalty.\nThe penalties\nThe understatement penalty applies when an amended return increases tax; the non-filing penalty applies when no return was filed by the deadline; the non-payment (unpaid-withholding) penalty applies to certain withholding failures; and the aggravated penalty (重加算税) applies where facts were concealed or falsified. Rates depend on the amount and whether you disclosed before or after tax-office contact.\nDelinquent interest\nSeparately from penalties, delinquent tax (延滞税) accrues on unpaid tax from the day after the deadline. Under the statutory formula the 2026 rates are roughly 2.8% for the initial period and 9.1% afterward, so the cost climbs the longer tax stays unpaid. Because voluntary correction cuts penalties but not necessarily interest, act quickly on both filing and payment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan","guide:mistake-on-your-tax-return","guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-penalties","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Late filing, additional tax, and delinquent tax","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2024.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-delinquent-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Calculation of delinquent tax (rates)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/nozei/entaizei/keisan/entai.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes:en","entityId":"guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What to do when you cannot pay your taxes","plainText":"Do not ignore the bill: contact the tax office promptly and apply for a grace of payment, which can ordinarily be granted for up to a year with installments and reduced or waived delinquent tax — ignoring it risks enforcement against your assets.\nContacting the tax office, payment grace, documentation, installments, and avoiding enforcement.\nContact the tax office before the bill goes to enforcement.\nA grace of payment can run up to a year with installments.\nGrace can reduce or waive some delinquent tax.\nYou generally still must file on time even if you cannot pay in full.\nApplying for grace\nIf paying in full would make it hard to sustain your business or living, apply for a grace of payment. With supporting documentation of your financial situation, the office can grant a grace — ordinarily up to one year — allowing installments and, in qualifying cases, reducing or waiving delinquent tax. The point is to engage early rather than let the debt escalate.\nAvoiding enforcement\nUnaddressed tax debt can lead to demands and eventually seizure of assets such as bank accounts or receivables. Filing on time (even when you cannot pay) and opening a conversation about payment both help. If the amount is large or your situation is complex, a 税理士 can help present the application and negotiate terms.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-grace","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Grace of tax payment when payment is difficult","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/nozei/nofu_konnan.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices:en","entityId":"guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Understanding Japanese tax notices","plainText":"Tax mail comes from two authorities: the national tax office (income tax, estimated-payment notices, corrections, demands) and your municipality (resident tax) — identify which tax and which office before you respond, and never ignore a demand.\nNational tax notices, resident-tax notices, estimated-payment notices, corrections, and payment demands.\nNational tax office: income-tax, estimated-payment, correction, and demand notices.\nMunicipality: resident-tax assessment and payment notices.\nA correction notice (更正) changes your assessed tax — check the reason.\nA demand (督促) is a serious step before enforcement — act on it.\nKinds of notice\nFrom the tax office you may receive an estimated-payment notice (July/November prepayment), a correction notice (更正) changing your assessed tax, or a payment demand (督促). From your municipality you receive the resident-tax assessment and payment slips. Each states an amount, a reason or basis, and a deadline — read all three before acting.\nResponding correctly\nMatch the notice to the right office: a resident-tax error is fixed by the municipality, not the tax office, and vice versa. If you disagree with a correction, there are objection procedures with their own deadlines. If a notice is an information request or audit notice, prepare your records and consider professional representation before responding.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/understanding-japanese-tax-notices","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","guide:national-vs-municipal-tax-problems","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"Shinjuku City","title":"Individual resident tax","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals:en","entityId":"guide:japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan tax audit guide for individuals","plainText":"A tax examination is usually a document-based review of your income and expenses; prepare by organizing your books and evidence, you may be represented by a 税理士, and the common mistakes are guessing, hiding records, or answering beyond what you know.\nAudit triggers, requests for information, preparation, representation, and common mistakes.\nAudits often follow anomalies: large deductions, cash businesses, or inconsistent records.\nYou will be asked for books, invoices, and evidence — organize them in advance.\nYou may be represented by a licensed tax accountant (税理士).\nDo not guess or conceal; answer accurately and provide supporting records.\nPreparation\nIf you are notified of an examination, gather your books, invoices, contracts, bank and card records, and the documentation behind any large or unusual deductions. The examiner tests whether your reported income and expenses match your records and reality. Reconstructing missing records and reconciling accounts before the visit reduces friction and surprises.\nDuring and after\nYou may appoint a licensed tax accountant to attend and represent you. Answer questions accurately, provide the records requested, and avoid guessing or concealment — an aggravated penalty applies to falsification. If the examiner proposes adjustments you dispute, there are objection procedures. For anything beyond routine, professional representation is worthwhile.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices","guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-audit","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Tax examinations and administrative guidance","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/tetsuzuki/chosa_shido/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:national-vs-municipal-tax-problems:en","entityId":"guide:national-vs-municipal-tax-problems","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"National tax problems vs municipal tax problems","plainText":"Income tax, consumption tax, gift and inheritance tax are national — handled by the tax office (税務署); resident tax, individual enterprise tax, fixed-asset and city-planning tax, and real-estate acquisition tax are local — handled by your municipality or prefecture.\nWhich authority to contact for income tax, resident tax, property tax, enterprise tax, or a notice error.\nNational (税務署): income tax, consumption tax, gift and inheritance tax.\nMunicipal: resident tax, fixed-asset and city-planning tax.\nPrefectural: individual enterprise tax, real-estate acquisition tax, automobile tax.\nFix a resident-tax error with the municipality, not the tax office.\nWho handles what\nThe national tax office administers income tax, consumption tax, and gift and inheritance tax. Your municipality administers resident tax plus fixed-asset and city-planning tax; your prefecture administers individual enterprise tax, real-estate acquisition tax, and automobile tax. Because resident tax is calculated from data the national system shares, a change in your income tax can ripple into resident tax — but the resident-tax notice itself is corrected locally.\nRouting a problem\nBefore you call, identify the tax on the notice and route to the matching office. A national correction is filed with the tax office; a municipal assessment error is raised with the city; an enterprise-tax or acquisition-tax question goes to the prefecture. Contacting the wrong authority wastes time and can miss a short objection deadline.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/national-vs-municipal-tax-problems","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"Shinjuku City","title":"Individual resident tax","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:employee-taxes-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:employee-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Employee taxes in Japan","plainText":"As an employee, income tax and social insurance are withheld from each payslip and reconciled by year-end adjustment; resident tax is billed the next year; and you only file a return for side income, medical expenses, the first mortgage year, or a mid-year job exit.\nPayroll deductions, year-end adjustment, resident tax, deductions, refunds, and when you must file.\nIncome tax and social insurance are withheld from each payslip.\nYear-end adjustment reconciles most employees’ income tax.\nResident tax (~10%) is billed the following year.\nFile a return for side income, medical costs, the first mortgage year, or a mid-year exit.\nWhat comes out of your pay\nEach payslip deducts employee health insurance, employee pension, employment insurance, nursing-care insurance where applicable, national income-tax withholding, and (once you have a prior-year assessment) resident tax. Taxable salary and social-insurance remuneration are not identical, so the figures rarely match line for line.\nWhen employees still file\nYear-end adjustment covers the salary your employer paid, but it cannot cover side income above ¥200,000, a second unadjusted job, rental or investment income, the medical deduction, donations beyond one-stop, or the first mortgage-credit year. In those cases you file a return that starts from your withholding certificate. Leaving a job before year-end usually means filing for a refund.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/employee-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file","faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","guide:year-end-adjustment-guide","guide:taxes-on-employee-side-income"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-withholding","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Withholding at source on certain fees paid to individuals","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-year-end-adjustment","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Year-end adjustment (年末調整)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/users/gensen/nencho/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"Shinjuku City","title":"Individual resident tax","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to read a Japanese payslip","plainText":"A payslip has three blocks: payments (basic salary, allowances, overtime, bonus), deductions (health insurance, pension, employment insurance, income-tax and resident-tax withholding), and net pay — and the taxable base differs from the social-insurance base.\nSalary, allowances, overtime, taxable benefits, social insurance, income tax, resident tax, and net pay.\nPayments: basic salary, allowances, overtime, commuting reimbursement, bonus.\nDeductions: health insurance, pension, employment insurance, income tax, resident tax.\nCommuting reimbursement is often non-taxable up to limits.\nThe taxable base and the social-insurance base are calculated differently.\nThe three blocks\nPayments (支給) list basic salary, allowances, overtime, taxable benefits, commuting reimbursement, and any bonus. Deductions (控除) list employee health insurance, employee pension, employment insurance, nursing-care insurance where applicable, national income-tax withholding, and resident-tax withholding. Net pay (差引支給額) is what lands in your account. Commuting reimbursement is often non-taxable up to a limit even though it appears in payments.\nWhy the bases differ\nIncome-tax withholding is based on taxable pay and your dependent declaration; employee-pension premiums are based on standardized remuneration that can include basic salary, overtime, and commuting and housing allowances. Because the two bases differ, a change in one deduction does not move the other proportionally. Resident tax appears only once you have a prior-year assessment, which is why it starts in your second June.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","guide:employee-taxes-in-japan","guide:why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-withholding","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Withholding at source on certain fees paid to individuals","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to read a Japanese withholding certificate","plainText":"The 源泉徴収票 summarizes your year: 支払金額 is gross pay, 給与所得控除後の金額 is income after the employment deduction, 所得控除の額の合計額 is your deductions, and 源泉徴収税額 is tax withheld — the figures you carry to a return.\nEvery major 源泉徴収票 field, how the totals connect, and how you use it on a return.\n支払金額 = gross employment payments for the year.\n給与所得控除後の金額 = income after the employment-income deduction.\n所得控除の額の合計額 = total income deductions applied in payroll.\n源泉徴収税額 = income tax + reconstruction surtax withheld.\nThe main fields\nRead top to bottom: 支払金額 (gross pay), 給与所得控除後の金額 (income after the employment deduction), 所得控除の額の合計額 (total deductions reflected), 源泉徴収税額 (tax withheld), 社会保険料等の金額 (social-insurance amount), 控除対象扶養親族等 (recognized dependents), 住宅借入金等特別控除の額 (housing credit used via payroll), and 摘要 (notes, former-employer entries, special categories).\nUsing it\nWhen you file — for side income, medical expenses, or a refund — the certificate provides your salary figures and withholding, so you do not recompute them. If you changed jobs, give the new employer the former employer’s certificate so year-end adjustment can combine both; if that did not happen, use both certificates on your return.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","guide:taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-withholding","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Withholding at source on certain fees paid to individuals","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:year-end-adjustment-guide:en","entityId":"guide:year-end-adjustment-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Year-end adjustment guide","plainText":"Year-end adjustment is your employer applying your basic, spouse, dependent, social-insurance, and insurance deductions (plus the mortgage credit from year two) to reconcile your income tax — submit the declaration forms and insurance certificates on time.\nThe documents, deductions, employer workflow, what it covers, and common employee mistakes.\nYou submit declaration forms plus insurance and iDeCo certificates.\nIt applies most common deductions but not medical, donations, or the first mortgage year.\nFrom the second year the mortgage credit can run through payroll.\nA former-employer certificate lets a combined adjustment happen.\nDocuments and deductions\nYou submit the basic/spouse/dependent declaration, the insurance-premium declaration with certificates, and (from year two) the mortgage-credit statement. The employer then applies the basic, spouse and spouse-special, dependent, social-insurance, and life/earthquake-insurance deductions and produces your withholding certificate. Small-business-mutual-aid and iDeCo contributions can be included with certificates.\nWhat it misses\nYear-end adjustment cannot handle the medical deduction, donations beyond one-stop, the first mortgage-credit year, or any non-salary income — those need a return. The most common mistakes are missing the submission deadline, forgetting an insurance certificate, and assuming the adjustment covers a side gig it does not.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/year-end-adjustment-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:employee-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-year-end-adjustment","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Year-end adjustment (年末調整)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/users/gensen/nencho/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes when changing jobs in Japan","plainText":"Give your new employer the former employer’s withholding certificate so they can combine both salaries in year-end adjustment; if there was a gap, a second unadjusted job, or a missing certificate, you file a return to reconcile.\nFormer-employer certificate, combined adjustment, employment gaps, and final returns.\nHand the former-employer certificate to the new employer promptly.\nA combined year-end adjustment settles both salaries.\nAn employment gap can change social insurance and withholding.\nIf no combined adjustment happens, file a return with both certificates.\nCombining your salaries\nWhen you change employers within a year, the new employer can perform year-end adjustment on both jobs — but only if you provide the former employer’s withholding certificate. That certificate carries your prior salary and withholding so the combined calculation is correct. Request it from the old employer if it does not arrive.\nGaps and returns\nA gap between jobs can affect health-insurance and pension enrollment (you may have paid national health insurance and national pension in between), and those premiums are deductible. If the new employer could not combine the certificates, or you had other income, file a return using both certificates. Leaving employment entirely before year-end usually means filing for a refund.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job","guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","guide:year-end-adjustment-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-year-end-adjustment","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Year-end adjustment (年末調整)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/users/gensen/nencho/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-withholding","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Withholding at source on certain fees paid to individuals","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes after leaving a job","plainText":"Leaving before year-end means no employer reconciles your tax, so file a refund return; meanwhile resident tax continues on last year’s income, statutory unemployment benefits are generally tax-free, and you must switch health insurance and pension.\nNo year-end adjustment, refund filings, resident tax, unemployment benefits, and insurance transitions.\nNo year-end adjustment → file a refund return.\nResident tax continues based on last year’s income, regardless of unemployment.\nStatutory unemployment (job-seeker) benefits are generally not taxable.\nSwitch to national health insurance and national pension (both deductible).\nFiling for a refund\nEmployers withhold assuming a full year of salary, so leaving mid-year usually means too much was withheld. File a refund return using your withholding certificate; you can add the medical deduction, donations, and social-insurance premiums you paid after leaving. You have five years to claim, but filing early gets your money back sooner.\nResident tax and insurance\nResident tax is based on the prior year, so it keeps arriving even while you are unemployed — budget for it. Statutory job-seeker benefits are generally tax-free and do not count like salary for spouse tests, but private income-replacement payments can differ. After leaving, enroll in national health insurance and national pension (or a dependent/voluntary-continuation option), and keep the premium receipts because they are deductible.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-after-leaving-a-job","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","guide:severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-refund-return","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Refund returns (還付申告)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2030.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"Shinjuku City","title":"Individual resident tax","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-employee-side-income:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-employee-side-income","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes on employee side income","plainText":"A salaried employee generally files a return when side income after expenses exceeds ¥200,000; below that, national filing may not be required but a resident-tax declaration usually is — and the correct income category decides your expenses and losses.\nFreelancing, creator and platform income, expenses, the ¥200,000 rule, and resident-tax reporting.\nThe test is income after expenses, not revenue.\nAbove ¥200,000 you file a national return; below, usually a resident-tax declaration.\nCategory (business vs miscellaneous) sets your expenses and loss rules.\nPlatform income is taxable when earned, not only when withdrawn.\nThe ¥200,000 test\nDeduct directly related expenses from your side revenue; if the result exceeds ¥200,000, file a national return. A worked example: ¥300,000 of affiliate revenue minus ¥80,000 of platform and advertising cost is ¥220,000 — over the line. Even under ¥200,000, your municipality generally still expects a resident-tax declaration of that income.\nCategory and your employer\nWhether your side activity is business or miscellaneous income depends on its continuity, scale, and records — and it decides whether losses can offset salary (business) or not (miscellaneous). If you worry about your employer learning of a side job, note that resident-tax collection method choices are municipal and confidentiality cannot be guaranteed; a growing, organized side activity is better handled deliberately as business income.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-on-employee-side-income","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule","guide:side-business-tax-japan","guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-employee-filing","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"When a salaried employee must file (給与所得者で確定申告が必要な人)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1900.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-income-vs-misc","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"How business income is taxed (事業所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1350.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan:en","entityId":"guide:remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Remote work for a foreign employer from Japan","plainText":"If you live in Japan and work here for a foreign employer, that salary is generally Japan-source and taxable in Japan even with no Japanese withholding — you likely must file and pay, and there can be permanent-establishment, social-security, and treaty issues.\nJapan-source employment income, withholding gaps, estimated liability, and permanent-establishment and treaty issues.\nWork performed in Japan is Japan-source, even if paid into a foreign account.\nNo Japanese withholding does not make the salary tax-free.\nYou likely must file and may owe estimated tax.\nPermanent-establishment, social-security, and treaty questions can arise — get advice.\nWhy it is taxable here\nJapan taxes employment income by where the work is performed. If you are a resident working from Japan, your salary from a foreign employer is Japan-source and taxable here even though the employer runs no Japanese payroll and pays into an overseas account. Because no one withheld Japanese tax, you generally must file a return and pay — and you may fall into estimated-tax prepayments.\nThe bigger risks\nBeyond your own income tax, your presence can raise a permanent-establishment question for the employer, and social-security coverage (which country’s system applies) may be governed by a totalization agreement. A treaty can change source-country taxing rights. These are fact-specific, cross-border issues — confirm your position with a licensed tax accountant before your first filing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status","faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained","guide:taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Scope of taxable income by residency (居住者・非居住者)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax:en","entityId":"guide:severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Severance and retirement allowance tax","plainText":"A qualifying retirement allowance is taxed favorably: subtract the retirement-income deduction (¥400,000 per service year, more after 20 years), take one-half, then tax that — but if you do not file the retirement-income declaration, a flat 20.42% is withheld and must be reconciled.\nThe retirement-income deduction, one-half treatment, the withholding declaration, and short-service rules.\nDeduction: ¥400,000 per service year (¥800,000 minimum up to 20 years).\nAbove 20 years: ¥8M + ¥700,000 per extra year.\nOnly one-half of the excess is taxed (ordinary case).\nFile the retirement-income declaration or 20.42% is withheld.\nHow it is calculated\nThe retirement-income deduction is ¥400,000 per year of service, with an ¥800,000 minimum for 20 years or less, and ¥8,000,000 plus ¥700,000 for each year beyond 20. You subtract it from the allowance and generally tax one-half of the remainder. For 25 years of service the deduction is ¥8,000,000 + ¥700,000 × 5 = ¥11,500,000; a ¥15,000,000 allowance gives (¥15,000,000 − ¥11,500,000) × 1/2 = ¥1,750,000 of retirement income.\nThe declaration and exceptions\nIf you submit the retirement-income declaration to the payer, they withhold the correct favorable amount and usually no further filing is needed. If you do not, 20.42% is withheld and you must file to reconcile. Short-service and short-service-director payments have anti-favorable-treatment rules that reduce or remove the one-half benefit, and multiple retirement payments interact.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:retirement-income-tax","guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job","guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-retirement-income","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Retirement income (退職所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1420.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes:en","entityId":"guide:why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why resident tax changes after your salary changes","plainText":"Resident tax is always based on the previous year’s income and collected June–May, so a raise or a pay cut shows up in your resident tax a year later — which is why newcomers get a big second-year bill and leavers can owe after departure.\nPrior-year assessment, the June collection cycle, job changes, lump-sum and ordinary collection.\nResident tax lags income by about a year.\nCollection runs June through the following May.\nA raise this year raises resident tax next year (and vice versa).\nJob changes can trigger lump-sum or ordinary (self-paid) collection.\nThe one-year lag\nMunicipalities assess resident tax on your prior-year income and collect it from June through the next May. So your current payslip’s resident-tax line reflects last year, not this year. A big raise this year quietly increases next year’s resident tax; a pay cut or job loss does not immediately reduce it, which is why the bill can feel out of step with your current income.\nJob changes and collection\nWhen you change or leave a job, special collection (payroll deduction) may switch to a lump-sum collection of the remaining year or to ordinary collection, where the municipality bills you directly and you pay in installments. New arrivals often owe little in year one and a surprise amount in year two; people leaving Japan may still owe resident tax on the prior year and should arrange payment before departure.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job","guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist"]},"sources":[{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"Shinjuku City","title":"Individual resident tax","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-basic-deduction:en","entityId":"guide:japan-basic-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan basic deduction","plainText":"The basic deduction is a personal allowance every taxpayer can claim, but its amount now depends on your total income and phases down to zero at high income — and the 2025–2026 reforms changed the bands, so use the current-year figure.\nCurrent-year deduction bands, income limits, and reform history.\nA personal allowance available to most taxpayers.\nThe amount depends on total income and phases down at high income.\n2025–2026 reforms changed the bands — do not reuse an old figure.\nEmployees usually claim it via the year-end declaration form.\nAmount and income limits\nThe basic deduction subtracts from taxable income for nearly everyone, but higher-income taxpayers receive a reduced amount and lose it entirely above a statutory ceiling. Because the 2025 and 2026 reforms adjusted the bands (alongside the employment-income deduction and dependent thresholds), the correct figure must come from the current-year NTA guidance or software rather than a prior-year spreadsheet.\nClaiming it\nEmployees claim the basic deduction through the year-end declaration form; filers claim it on the return. It is applied automatically in the NTA Return Preparation Corner once your income is entered. Because the phase-down interacts with the spouse and dependent thresholds, a large bonus or capital gain can change your entitlement.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-basic-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-basic-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Basic deduction (基礎控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1199.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction:en","entityId":"guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Spouse deduction and spouse special deduction","plainText":"You can claim the spouse deduction when your legally married spouse’s total income is within the ceiling (post-2025, ¥580,000 total income, about ¥1.23M salary); above that a spouse special deduction phases down, and you lose the benefit once your own total income exceeds ¥10M.\nIncome thresholds, taxpayer limits, legal marriage, and the phaseout.\nRequires a legal spouse and a shared livelihood — common-law does not qualify.\nPost-2025 the spouse-income ceiling is ¥580,000 total income (≈¥1.23M salary).\nAbove that, a spouse special deduction phases down.\nThe taxpayer’s own income above ¥10M removes the benefit.\nWho qualifies\nThe spouse deduction is not decided by whether a spouse “works part time.” It requires a legal marriage and a common livelihood, and it looks at the spouse’s total income, your income, and year-end circumstances. Under the post-2025 framework the spouse-income ceiling for the full spouse deduction is ¥580,000 of total income — equivalent to ¥1.23M of salary once the minimum ¥650,000 employment deduction applies.\nThe phaseouts\nAbove the spouse-income ceiling, the spouse special deduction applies and tapers as spouse income rises. Separately, your own total income matters: the deduction phases down before ¥10M and disappears once your total income exceeds ¥10M. A paid blue-return family-employee spouse generally cannot also be a deductible spouse.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:dependent-deduction-in-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:japan-basic-deduction"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-spouse-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Spouse deduction (配偶者控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1191.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-spouse-special","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Spouse special deduction (配偶者特別控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1195.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:dependent-deduction-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:dependent-deduction-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Dependent deduction in Japan","plainText":"You can deduct for a qualifying relative who shares your livelihood and whose own income is within the threshold, tested at year-end; a specified age band (19–22) gives a larger deduction, and overseas dependents need relationship and remittance proof.\nEligible relatives, age, income, living arrangements, and overseas dependents.\nEligible: a relative sharing your livelihood with income within the threshold.\nTested at year-end (December 31 status matters).\nAges 19–22 (specified dependent) give a larger deduction.\nOverseas dependents require relationship and remittance documents.\nWho counts\nA dependent is a qualifying relative (by blood or law) who shares your livelihood and whose own total income is within the threshold; the test is applied at year-end. Living together is not always required if you support them. The deduction amount varies by the dependent’s age — the specified band of 19 to 22 attracts a larger deduction, and elderly dependents have their own amounts.\nOverseas dependents\nClaiming a relative living abroad requires documents proving the relationship (e.g., family register or birth records with translation) and proof of remittances that actually support them. These requirements are stricter than for a domestic dependent and are a common point of rejection, so keep clear, dated remittance records to each nonresident relative.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/dependent-deduction-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-dependent-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Dependent deduction (扶養控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1180.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:medical-expense-deduction:en","entityId":"guide:medical-expense-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Medical expense deduction","plainText":"You can deduct qualifying medical costs you paid during the year for yourself or family sharing your livelihood, minus reimbursements and a ¥100,000 threshold (or 5% of total income below ¥2M), capped at ¥2M — filed on a return with receipts kept five years.\nEligible expenses, reimbursements, thresholds, family costs, and five-year retention.\nFormula: costs − reimbursements − ¥100,000 (or 5% of total income if below ¥2M).\nCap: ¥2M deduction.\nFamily costs count if the member shares your livelihood and you paid.\nFile a statement; keep receipts five years. Requires a return (not year-end adjustment).\nHow it works\nAdd qualifying medical costs paid in the calendar year, subtract insurance and other reimbursements tied to those costs, then subtract the threshold — ¥100,000, or 5% of total income if that is below ¥2M. The result, capped at ¥2M, is your deduction. Example: ¥500,000 costs − ¥100,000 reimbursement − ¥100,000 threshold = ¥300,000 deduction.\nWhat counts and records\nQualifying costs include treatment, prescriptions, and certain transport, for you or a family member sharing your livelihood, but only amounts actually paid (an unpaid bill does not count) and generally not cosmetic procedures. File a medical-expense statement with the return and retain receipts for five years. The deduction requires a return; it cannot be taken through year-end adjustment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/medical-expense-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:self-medication-tax-deduction","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-medical-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Medical expense deduction (医療費控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1120.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:self-medication-tax-deduction:en","entityId":"guide:self-medication-tax-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Self-medication tax deduction","plainText":"The self-medication deduction lets you deduct qualifying over-the-counter medicine purchases above ¥12,000 (up to an ¥88,000 deduction) if you meet a health-maintenance condition — but you must choose it instead of the ordinary medical deduction for the year.\nEligible products, threshold, cap, health-maintenance conditions, and how it compares.\nFor qualifying OTC (switch-OTC) medicine purchases above ¥12,000.\nDeduction capped at ¥88,000.\nRequires a health-maintenance action (e.g., a checkup or vaccination).\nCannot be combined with the ordinary medical deduction — pick one.\nHow it works\nIf you took a qualifying health-maintenance action during the year (such as a health check or vaccination), you can deduct the portion of eligible over-the-counter medicine purchases above ¥12,000, up to an ¥88,000 deduction. Eligible products are marked and receipts should show them. It is available through 2026 under the cited rules.\nChoosing between the two\nYou cannot use both the ordinary medical deduction and self-medication for the same year, so compare. If your total qualifying medical costs are high, the ordinary deduction (threshold ¥100,000) usually wins; if you mostly bought eligible OTC medicine and had few large bills, self-medication (threshold ¥12,000) can be better. Model both before filing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/self-medication-tax-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:medical-expense-deduction","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-self-medication","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Self-medication tax deduction (セルフメディケーション税制)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1129.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-medical-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Medical expense deduction (医療費控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1120.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage tax credit in Japan","plainText":"The housing-loan credit reduces your tax by a percentage of the year-end loan balance for a qualifying owner-occupied home; you must file a return the first year with property, loan, and energy documents, then employees can use year-end adjustment in later years.\nFirst-year filing, later payroll years, qualifying homes, energy standards, and documents.\nIt is a tax credit (reduces tax directly), not a deduction.\nThe first year requires a final return with supporting documents.\nLater years can run through payroll year-end adjustment.\nEnergy performance, construction date, floor area, income, and loan limits all matter.\nThe first year\nIn the first qualifying year you file a return with the loan balance certificate, property registry, purchase/construction contracts, and — for new builds — energy-standard documents. For homes occupied in 2024–2025 many categories use 0.7% of the eligible year-end loan balance, with limits and periods that depend on construction date, energy performance, floor area, family status, and property category.\nLater years and conditions\nFrom the second year, employees receive a statement and can apply the credit through year-end adjustment. Not every new house qualifies — a home failing energy or construction-date conditions can receive no new-build credit even though it is owner-occupied. Income and debt ceilings also apply, so confirm the current-year rules for your occupancy year.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:property-taxes-in-japan","guide:mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-mortgage-credit","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Housing-loan tax credit (住宅借入金等特別控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:insurance-and-pension-premium-deductions:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-and-pension-premium-deductions","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Social, life, and earthquake insurance deductions","plainText":"Social-insurance premiums you (or a family member you support) pay are generally fully deductible; life-insurance and earthquake-insurance premiums are deductible up to statutory caps by category — all claimed with the insurer’s certificate, via payroll or on a return.\nWhat each covers, certificates, statutory caps, and payroll vs return claims.\nSocial insurance (health, pension, employment): personally borne amounts are fully deductible.\nYou can include premiums you paid for a family member you support.\nLife insurance: capped by category (old vs new contracts).\nEarthquake insurance: capped; needs the insurer certificate.\nSocial-insurance premium deduction\nPremiums for health insurance, pension, employment insurance, and national pension that you personally bear are generally fully deductible — including amounts you pay for a family member sharing your livelihood (for example, a child’s national pension). Employees usually see this handled in payroll, but premiums you paid directly (e.g., during a job gap) go on the return with evidence.\nLife and earthquake insurance\nLife-insurance premiums are deductible under statutory formulas and caps, with different treatment for old and new contracts and separate categories (general life, nursing-care/medical, individual annuity). Earthquake-insurance premiums are deductible up to a cap. Both are claimed with the insurer’s annual certificate and can be applied in year-end adjustment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/insurance-and-pension-premium-deductions","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:ideco-tax-deduction","guide:year-end-adjustment-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-social-insurance-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Social-insurance premium deduction (社会保険料控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1130.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-life-insurance-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Life-insurance premium deduction (生命保険料控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1140.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-earthquake-insurance-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Earthquake-insurance premium deduction (地震保険料控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1145.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ideco-tax-deduction:en","entityId":"guide:ideco-tax-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"iDeCo tax deduction","plainText":"iDeCo contributions are fully deductible from income as small-business-mutual-aid-type premiums, growth inside the account is tax-deferred, and withdrawals get pension- or retirement-income treatment — with contribution caps that depend on your employment and pension status.\nContribution deductions, tax-deferred growth, withdrawal taxation, eligibility, and caps.\nContributions are fully deductible from taxable income.\nInvestment growth is tax-deferred inside the account.\nWithdrawals are taxed as pension or retirement income.\nCaps depend on your employment and pension category; funds lock until ~60.\nThe three tax benefits\niDeCo has three tax advantages: contributions reduce your taxable income now (claimed via the small-business-mutual-aid-type premium deduction), investment gains are not taxed while inside the account, and at payout you get pension-income or retirement-income treatment depending on how you take it. Contribution caps depend on whether you are an employee, civil servant, self-employed, or a dependent spouse.\nPayout planning\nA lump-sum iDeCo payout uses the retirement-income deduction, which can overlap with a company retirement allowance and its service years — so taking both in a way that double-counts the deduction may be disallowed, and timing matters. Because funds lock until around age 60 and payout rules are intricate, model the payout before you rely on it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/ideco-tax-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan","guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-small-business-mutual-aid","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Small-business mutual-aid deduction (小規模企業共済等掛金控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1135.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:small-business-mutual-aid-tax-deduction:en","entityId":"guide:small-business-mutual-aid-tax-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Small Business Mutual Aid tax deduction","plainText":"Small Business Mutual Aid is a retirement scheme for sole proprietors and small-company owners whose contributions are fully deductible now and whose payouts are taxed favorably as retirement or pension income — a common way for the self-employed to build a deductible retirement fund.\nEligible contributions, tax treatment, suitability for sole proprietors, and payout considerations.\nFor sole proprietors and small-business owners/officers.\nContributions are fully deductible (same deduction line as iDeCo).\nPayouts are taxed as retirement or pension income.\nConsider suitability, contribution flexibility, and payout conditions.\nWhat it is\nRun by the SME support organization, Small Business Mutual Aid lets eligible self-employed people and small-company officers set aside monthly contributions toward a retirement payout. Contributions are fully deductible under the small-business-mutual-aid-type premium deduction (shared with iDeCo), so it reduces current tax while building a fund.\nPayout and suitability\nPayouts on retirement or business closure are taxed as retirement or pension income, which is generally favorable. It suits sole proprietors who want a deductible, disciplined retirement vehicle, but early-termination and loan rules apply, so review the conditions and how it interacts with iDeCo and a future retirement allowance before committing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/small-business-mutual-aid-tax-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ideco-tax-deduction","guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-small-business-mutual-aid","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Small-business mutual-aid deduction (小規模企業共済等掛金控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1135.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"smbc-mutual-aid","publisher":"Organization for SME and Regional Innovation (中小機構)","title":"Small Business Mutual Aid (小規模企業共済)","url":"https://www.smrj.go.jp/kyosai/skyosai/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:furusato-nozei-one-stop-vs-tax-return:en","entityId":"guide:furusato-nozei-one-stop-vs-tax-return","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Furusato Nozei: one-stop vs tax return","plainText":"Use the one-stop exception if you do not otherwise file and donated to five or fewer municipalities; but if you file a tax return for any reason, one-stop is invalidated and you must include all Furusato Nozei donations on that return.\nEligibility, the five-municipality limit, invalidation after filing, and document handling.\nOne-stop: for non-filers donating to ≤5 municipalities.\nSubmit a one-stop form to each municipality by the deadline.\nFiling a return (for any reason) invalidates one-stop.\nIf you file, include every donation on the return with receipts.\nWhich route applies\nThe one-stop exception is designed for salaried people who do not otherwise file and who donate to no more than five municipalities; you send a form to each locality and the credit flows through resident tax. If you already file — for medical expenses, side income, or investment losses — you cannot use one-stop and instead report all donations on your return.\nThe common trap\nThe frequent mistake is submitting one-stop forms and then later filing a return (say, to claim a medical deduction) without re-entering the donations. Filing invalidates the one-stop applications, so if you omit the donations from the return you lose the deduction entirely. If you end up filing, always include every Furusato Nozei donation with its receipt.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/furusato-nozei-one-stop-vs-tax-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-furusato"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:furusato-nozei-explained","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-furusato","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Donations and the Furusato Nozei deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1155.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-donation-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Donation deduction (寄附金控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1150.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:freelancer-taxes-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:freelancer-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Freelancer taxes in Japan","plainText":"A freelancer reports business income (receipts minus necessary expenses), keeps books, can elect the blue return for a special deduction and loss carryforward, tests consumption-tax liability separately, and files a return each year — income-tax profit is not the same as taxable sales.\nRegistration, income classification, expenses, bookkeeping, blue returns, consumption tax, and filing.\nBusiness income = receipts − necessary expenses; keep books.\nElecting the blue return unlocks a special deduction and loss carryforward.\nConsumption-tax liability is a separate test from income-tax profit.\nYou file a return each year and may face estimated-tax prepayments.\nFrom opening to filing\nYou can be taxed on business income before filing an opening notification, but you should file it and, to get the best deduction, apply for the blue return by the deadline. Keep books capturing date, counterparty, account, tax treatment, and evidence; separate a business account; and reconcile monthly. Your income-tax profit (receipts minus expenses minus any blue deduction) drives income tax.\nThe separate tax layers\nBeyond income tax, watch resident tax (billed next year), individual enterprise tax (for designated businesses), and consumption tax (tested on taxable sales, not profit). A registered qualified-invoice issuer is liable for consumption tax even below ¥10M sales. Reserve cash for all of these — a common freelancer cash-flow mistake is budgeting only for income tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/freelancer-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi"],"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-blue","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Blue Return System","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-business-expenses","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Necessary business expenses","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-consumption-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Consumption-tax liability for businesses","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:individual-enterprise-tax:en","entityId":"guide:individual-enterprise-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Individual enterprise tax","plainText":"Individual enterprise tax is a prefectural tax on designated business classes; it applies after a business-owner allowance of about ¥2.9M per full year at rates commonly 3%, 4%, or 5%, and the income-tax blue-return special deduction is not deductible when computing it.\nCovered business categories, the business-owner allowance, rates, and local administration.\nA prefectural tax on legally designated business categories.\nBusiness-owner allowance: about ¥2.9M per full year.\nRates are commonly 3%, 4%, or 5% by activity.\nThe blue-return special deduction does not reduce enterprise tax.\nWho owes it\nEnterprise tax applies only to designated business classes — many trades and professions are listed, but some activities fall outside. It is assessed after deducting the business-owner allowance (generally ¥2.9M for a full year), so small businesses below that pay nothing. The prefecture administers it and typically bills in August and November; you do not usually file separately because it flows from your income-tax return data.\nHow it is computed\nThe base is broadly your business income with the enterprise-tax rules — importantly, the income-tax blue-return special deduction is added back, so it does not reduce the enterprise-tax base. Rates are commonly 3%, 4%, or 5% depending on the statutory activity. Because categories and reliefs vary by prefecture, confirm your classification locally.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/individual-enterprise-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:freelancer-taxes-in-japan","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:home-office-expenses:en","entityId":"guide:home-office-expenses","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Home-office expenses","plainText":"If you work from home, you can deduct only the business portion of rent, utilities, internet, and phone, using a defensible allocation such as floor area or working time — “I work from home” does not justify deducting 100% of your housing.\nRent, utilities, internet, phone, allocation methods, and evidence.\nOnly the business portion is deductible (家事按分).\nUse a defensible method: floor area, dedicated room, working time, or data usage.\nKeep the calculation and update it when arrangements change.\n100% of rent/utilities is not deductible just because you work from home.\nAllocating fairly\nThe rule is that mixed expenses are deductible for the portion objectively used for business. A common method for rent and utilities is floor area (the share of your home used only for work), and for internet and phone, working time or data usage. Whatever basis you pick, document it and apply it consistently; a dedicated workroom makes the allocation easier to defend.\nEvidence and risk\nKeep the floor-area calculation, a note of your method, and the underlying bills. Over-allocating housing and utilities is a frequent audit adjustment, so be conservative and realistic. Update the calculation if you move, change rooms, or shift how much you work from home during the year.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/home-office-expenses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","guide:equipment-and-depreciation","guide:freelancer-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-business-expenses","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Necessary business expenses","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:equipment-and-depreciation:en","entityId":"guide:equipment-and-depreciation","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Equipment and depreciation","plainText":"Equipment that lasts beyond the year is generally capitalized and depreciated over its useful life rather than expensed at once, but low-value-asset rules, pooled depreciation, and blue-return small-asset relief can let you write off smaller items faster.\nCapitalization, useful life, low-value assets, and blue-return small-asset relief.\nLong-life assets are capitalized and depreciated, not expensed at once.\nThe general depreciation line highlighted by the NTA is assets costing ≥¥100,000.\nLow-value and pooled-depreciation rules speed up smaller items.\nBlue-return filers get a small-asset immediate-expensing relief.\nWhen to capitalize\nAn asset used beyond the current year (a computer, camera, or furniture) is normally capitalized and depreciated over a statutory useful life. The NTA’s general guidance highlights depreciation for assets costing at least ¥100,000. Keep a fixed-asset register recording cost, acquisition date, useful life, and accumulated depreciation.\nFaster write-offs\nSeveral rules speed things up: items under a low-value threshold can be expensed immediately, a pooled (lump) depreciation over three years can apply to a mid-range band, and blue-return filers have a small-asset immediate-expensing relief within an annual limit. Consumption-tax treatment and any subsidy can change the depreciable base, so record those adjustments too.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/equipment-and-depreciation","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-office-expenses","guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","guide:rental-property-depreciation"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-depreciation","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Depreciation and the small-asset expensing rules","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-business-expenses","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Necessary business expenses","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:paying-family-members-from-a-business:en","entityId":"guide:paying-family-members-from-a-business","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Paying family members from a business","plainText":"Paying a spouse or relative who shares your household is not automatically deductible; blue-return family-employee salary requires advance notification and reasonable pay for real work, and when you pay it you generally lose the spouse or dependent deduction for that person.\nBlue-return family salaries, advance notification, reasonable pay, and lost deductions.\nFamily payments are not deductible by default.\nBlue-return family salary needs advance notification and reasonable pay.\nThe work must be real and the amount reasonable for it.\nYou generally lose the spouse/dependent deduction for that person.\nThe blue-return route\nTo deduct salary paid to a spouse or relative who shares your livelihood, you generally use the blue-return family-employee (青色事業専従者) rules: file the advance notification stating the role and amount, ensure the person actually works in the business, and pay a reasonable wage for that work. White-return treatment is more limited (a fixed family-worker deduction rather than actual salary).\nThe trade-off\nPaying a family employee is a trade-off: the salary becomes a business expense, but you generally can no longer claim the spouse or dependent deduction for that person, and the family member has their own income to account for. Model both sides — the deductible salary versus the lost personal deduction — before setting the amount.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/paying-family-members-from-a-business","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:hiring-family-outsourcing-japan","guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-family-employee","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Salaries paid to family employees (専従者給与)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2075.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors:en","entityId":"guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Consumption tax for sole proprietors","plainText":"A sole proprietor is generally exempt from consumption tax when base-period taxable sales (normally two years prior) do not exceed ¥10M, but the exemption can be lost by the specified-period test, a voluntary election, succession, or qualified-invoice registration.\nTaxable sales, exemption, base periods, input credits, rates, and records.\nExempt when base-period taxable sales ≤ ¥10M (normally two years prior).\nExemption can be lost by the specified-period test or a voluntary election.\nQualified-invoice registration makes you taxable even below ¥10M.\nTaxable sales ≠ profit; test them separately.\nWho is exempt\nFor an individual, the base period is normally the second preceding year, and if taxable sales there did not exceed ¥10M you are generally an exempt (免税) business. But the exemption can be lost through the first-half “specified period” test, a voluntary taxable-business election, succession rules, or — importantly — registering as a qualified-invoice issuer, which makes you taxable regardless of sales.\nPaying it\nA taxable business charges consumption tax on sales and remits the balance after input-tax credits (or uses the simplified method). Rates are the standard rate and the reduced rate for certain items. Because taxable sales — not profit — determine liability, a low-profit business can still exceed the ¥10M threshold. Keep the books and invoices needed for input credits for seven years.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold","guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-consumption-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Consumption-tax liability for businesses","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold:en","entityId":"guide:japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan’s ¥10 million consumption-tax threshold","plainText":"The ¥10M threshold is about taxable sales in the base period (normally two years prior), not profit — so a low-margin business can be liable — and new businesses can still be taxable through the specified-period test, election, or invoice registration.\nTaxable sales vs profit, base period, specified period, and new-business exceptions.\nThe measure is taxable sales, not profit.\nBase period for an individual is normally the second preceding year.\nThe specified-period test can make you taxable sooner.\nA new business is not automatically exempt.\nSales, not profit\nThe common misunderstanding is that ¥10M refers to profit. It refers to taxable sales in the base period — for an individual, normally the year two years earlier. A business with high turnover but thin margins can cross the line while a high-profit consultancy with modest billings may not. Measure taxable sales specifically, excluding non-taxable items.\nNew businesses and exceptions\nA new business has no base period at first, which is why it is often exempt for the first years — but not always. The first-half specified-period test (using sales or wages) can make you taxable in year two, a voluntary election can be chosen, and invoice registration overrides exemption entirely. Model your trajectory before assuming two tax-free years.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","guide:consumption-tax-freelancers-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-consumption-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Consumption-tax liability for businesses","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system:en","entityId":"guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should you register for the invoice system?","plainText":"Registering as a qualified-invoice issuer lets business clients claim input credits on what they pay you, but it makes you liable for consumption tax you were exempt from — so weigh client pressure and lost work against the tax and compliance cost, using the 20% special measure to soften early years.\nClient pressure, pricing, lost work, compliance cost, and consumption-tax liability.\nRegistration lets business customers claim input-tax credit on your invoices.\nIt also makes you a taxable business (you owe consumption tax).\nWeigh client pressure and lost work vs the tax and compliance cost.\nThe 20% special measure can cap early-year liability for eligible registrants.\nWhy clients care\nBusiness customers generally need a qualified invoice to claim input-tax credit on what they pay. If you are unregistered, a business client’s cost effectively rises, which is why some ask suppliers to register or renegotiate price. Consumers and clients who cannot use input credit anyway do not care about your registration.\nMaking the decision\nModel it: how much of your revenue is from business clients who need input credit, whether losing them or discounting outweighs the consumption tax you would owe, and the compliance cost of filing. For eligible newly taxable registrants, the temporary 20% special measure lets you pay just 20% of output tax through qualifying periods, softening the early hit. This is a good first-registration question for a tax accountant.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:invoice-system-explained","guide:the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-invoice","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Qualified Invoice System","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-invoice-2wari","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Reduced tax rate and invoice system, including small-business measures (2割特例)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax:en","entityId":"guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Simplified vs general consumption-tax calculation","plainText":"The simplified method (electable when base-period taxable sales are ≤¥50M) replaces actual input-tax tracking with a deemed purchase ratio (40–90% by business type), while the general method uses your real input tax — the election has deadlines and a lock-in, so model it first.\nEligibility, deemed purchase ratios, actual input tax, lock-in periods, and examples.\nSimplified: electable at ≤¥50M base-period taxable sales.\nIt uses deemed purchase ratios (40–90%) by business category.\nGeneral method uses your actual input tax (better if you have big inputs).\nThe election has filing deadlines and a lock-in period.\nThe two methods\nUnder the general (本則) method you compute output tax minus your actual input tax. Under the simplified (簡易課税) method — available when base-period taxable sales are ¥50M or less and you elect it — you skip actual input tracking and apply a deemed purchase ratio by business category (90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, or 40%). A service business with few taxable purchases often pays less under simplified; a business with large taxable inputs may prefer general.\nElection and lock-in\nThe simplified election has filing deadlines and generally locks you in for a period, so you cannot switch year to year to chase the lower result. If you expect a large future purchase (equipment, inventory) that would generate big input credits, the general method may be better that year. Model both before electing, especially at first registration.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","guide:the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-simplified-consumption","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Simplified consumption-tax system (簡易課税)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6505.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure:en","entityId":"guide:the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"The 20% invoice-system special measure","plainText":"The temporary 20% special measure lets eligible businesses that became taxable only because they registered for the invoice system pay just 20% of their output tax, for taxable periods containing dates through September 30, 2026 — cushioning the early cost of registration.\nEligibility, covered periods, calculation, interaction with simplified taxation, and end date.\nFor businesses that became taxable only due to invoice registration.\nPay 20% of output tax instead of the general or simplified result.\nCovers taxable periods containing dates through September 30, 2026.\nPlan for what happens when the measure ends.\nHow it works\nIf you were an exempt business and became taxable only because you registered as a qualified-invoice issuer, you can elect to pay 20% of your output consumption tax — a large simplification that usually reduces the bill versus the general method. It applies to taxable periods containing dates through September 30, 2026, subject to the detailed eligibility rules, and you can generally choose it period by period.\nPlanning past the measure\nBecause the measure is temporary, model what your consumption tax will look like after it ends — whether the simplified method or general method fits, and whether registration still makes sense. Do not build pricing around a relief that expires; decide your post-relief method in advance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax","guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-invoice-2wari","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Reduced tax rate and invoice system, including small-business measures (2割特例)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:consumption-tax-for-landlords-and-property-owners:en","entityId":"guide:consumption-tax-for-landlords-and-property-owners","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Consumption tax for landlords and property owners","plainText":"Residential rent is generally non-taxable for consumption tax while commercial rent is taxable; land transactions are treated differently from buildings; and whether you can claim input credits or owe tax on a sale depends on your taxable status and the property’s use.\nResidential vs commercial rent, land vs buildings, purchases, input credits, and sales.\nResidential rent: generally non-taxable; commercial rent: taxable.\nLand is treated differently from buildings for consumption tax.\nInput credits depend on your taxable status and the property’s use.\nA building sale by a taxable seller can carry consumption tax; land does not.\nRent and land\nFor consumption tax, ordinary residential rent is generally non-taxable, so a residential landlord is often outside the consumption-tax system, while commercial rent is taxable. Land transactions (rent of land and land sales) are treated differently from buildings. This means a mixed portfolio can have both taxable and non-taxable streams, which affects input-credit calculations.\nBuying and selling\nA taxable seller’s building component can carry consumption tax on a sale, while land does not. Whether you can recover input tax on purchases and expenses depends on being a taxable business and on the taxable/non-taxable mix of your rental income. Because residential landlords are often exempt and commercial ownership can bring input-credit opportunities, the analysis is property-specific — get advice for larger portfolios.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/consumption-tax-for-landlords-and-property-owners","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-taxes-in-japan","guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-consumption-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Consumption-tax liability for businesses","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Real-estate (rental) income (不動産所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes on Japanese stocks and capital gains","plainText":"Gains on listed shares are taxed separately at a combined 20.315%; a withholding-designated (特定) account collects the tax automatically, but you can file to offset losses against gains and dividends or carry a loss forward three years.\nSeparate taxation, the 20.315% rate, withholding accounts, filing, and loss offsets.\nCombined rate: 20.315% (15% national + 0.315% reconstruction + 5% local).\nA withholding 特定 account settles tax without a return.\nFiling lets you offset losses and carry them forward three years.\nFiling can affect resident tax, insurance premiums, and dependent status.\nThe rate and accounts\nListed-share gains use separate self-assessment taxation at 20.315% combined. If you use a withholding-designated (特定口座・源泉徴収あり) account, the broker withholds and remits, so you need not file. A non-withholding 特定 account gives you the annual report but you file yourself, and a general account requires you to compute everything.\nWhen to file anyway\nEven with a withholding account, filing can pay off: you can offset a listed-share loss against gains and eligible dividends, and carry a remaining loss forward three years with continuous filing. But filing adds the income to resident-tax measures, which can raise health-insurance premiums or affect dependent status — so weigh the whole picture.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","guide:how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses","guide:how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-listed-shares","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of listed-share transfers (separate self-assessment)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes on dividends","plainText":"Listed dividends generally have 15.315% national withholding plus 5% local tax, and you can choose non-filing, aggregate taxation (with the dividend credit), or separate taxation — the best choice depends on your marginal rate, losses, resident tax, and insurance effects.\nWithholding, non-filing, aggregate vs separate taxation, and the dividend credit.\nListed dividends: 15.315% national + 5% local withholding.\nThree options: non-filing, aggregate taxation, or separate taxation.\nAggregate taxation can use the dividend credit at lower incomes.\nLarge shareholders and unlisted dividends follow different rules.\nYour three options\nFor listed dividends you can leave them under withholding (non-filing), include them in aggregate taxation (where the dividend credit and your progressive rate apply), or use separate taxation (which pairs with share-loss offsets). Lower-income taxpayers sometimes gain from aggregate taxation and the dividend credit; higher-income taxpayers often prefer non-filing or separate taxation.\nWhat to watch\nThe right choice depends on the dividend credit, any share losses to offset, your marginal rate, and — importantly — resident tax, health-insurance premiums, and dependent status, since filing adds the income to those measures. Large shareholders and unlisted-company dividends have their own, less favorable rules. Model the full effect before choosing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","guide:how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-dividends","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of dividends (配当所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to claim and carry forward stock losses","plainText":"A listed-share loss can be offset against listed-share gains and, by election, eligible dividends; any remaining loss carries forward three years — but only if you file a return each year continuously, even in years with no gain.\nEligible losses, dividend offsets, continuous filing, and the three-year carryforward.\nOffset losses against listed-share gains and, by election, eligible dividends.\nCarry a remaining loss forward up to three years.\nYou must file continuously — even in a no-gain year — to preserve it.\nRequires an eligible account and the annual transaction report.\nOffsetting and carrying forward\nWhen you realize a loss on listed shares, filing lets you set it against listed-share gains in the same year and, if you elect, against eligible listed dividends. If a loss remains, it carries forward up to three years to offset future gains and dividends. This can meaningfully reduce tax across a volatile few years.\nKeep filing\nThe catch is continuity: to keep a carried-forward loss alive you must file a return every year in the carryforward window, even a year with no gains, otherwise the loss is lost. Keep the annual transaction reports, and if you have losses across multiple brokers, filing consolidates them.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-listed-shares","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of listed-share transfers (separate self-assessment)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance:en","entityId":"guide:how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How filing investments can affect health insurance and benefits","plainText":"Choosing to file investment income (to use losses or the dividend credit) adds it to the income figures used for resident tax, National Health Insurance premiums, dependent status, and some benefits — so a national-tax refund can be offset by higher premiums.\nResident-tax income, National Health Insurance, dependent status, and filing-choice tradeoffs.\nFiling investment income adds it to resident-tax income measures.\nThat can raise National Health Insurance premiums.\nIt can affect dependent status and income-tested benefits.\nA national-tax refund can be partly offset by higher premiums.\nThe hidden link\nInvestment income under a withholding account stays out of your reported income unless you choose to file. When you do file — to offset losses or claim the dividend credit — the income joins the figures used for resident tax and, for those on National Health Insurance, premium calculations. It can also push someone over a dependent threshold or reduce an income-tested benefit.\nChoosing well\nThis is why the filing choice is not only about income tax. A refund from offsetting a loss can be partly or fully eaten by higher insurance premiums or lost dependent status. Employees on employer health insurance are less exposed than those on National Health Insurance. Model the national tax, resident tax, premiums, and benefits together before deciding to file.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-listed-shares","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of listed-share transfers (separate self-assessment)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"Shinjuku City","title":"Individual resident tax","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes on foreign securities and brokerages","plainText":"A Japanese resident’s dividends and gains from foreign securities are taxable in Japan (a foreign broker usually does no Japanese withholding), you translate amounts to yen, and foreign tax withheld abroad may be relieved through the foreign-tax credit — with its own limits and documentation.\nForeign dividends, gains, currency, foreign withholding, and the foreign-tax credit.\nForeign dividends and gains are taxable in Japan for residents.\nA foreign broker usually does not withhold Japanese tax — you file.\nTranslate amounts to yen using the appropriate rate.\nForeign withholding may be relieved via the foreign-tax credit.\nReporting foreign holdings\nIf you are a Japanese resident, dividends and capital gains from a foreign brokerage are taxable in Japan even though the foreign broker runs no Japanese withholding. You compute the income yourself from annual statements, translating each amount to yen at the appropriate rate. Keep the foreign statements and CSVs; a general-account-style manual calculation is common for foreign brokers.\nForeign withholding and credits\nForeign countries often withhold on dividends. Japan can grant a foreign-tax credit for qualifying foreign income taxes, limited by Japanese ceilings and requiring documentation of the country, income category, tax, payment, and exchange rate. The credit is not necessarily the whole foreign tax, and treaties can reduce the foreign withholding rate — worth reviewing with a professional if amounts are significant.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan","guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-foreign-tax-credit","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Foreign tax credit (外国税額控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1240.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-listed-shares","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of listed-share transfers (separate self-assessment)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pension-income-tax:en","entityId":"guide:pension-income-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Pension income tax","plainText":"Public pensions are miscellaneous income after a statutory public-pension deduction; a resident with no more than ¥4M of qualifying public-pension receipts and ¥200,000 of other income may skip a national return, but foreign pensions without Japanese withholding can remove that exception.\nPublic and foreign pensions, the statutory deduction, withholding, and the filing exception.\nPublic pensions are miscellaneous income after the public-pension deduction.\nFiling exception: ≤¥4M public pension + ≤¥200,000 other income.\nForeign pensions without Japanese withholding can block the exception.\nYou may still file to claim deductions or a resident-tax declaration.\nHow pensions are taxed\nPublic pensions (Japanese and, for residents, foreign) are miscellaneous income after a statutory public-pension deduction that varies with age and pension amount. Japanese public pensions are typically subject to withholding. A resident with no more than ¥4M of qualifying public-pension receipts and no more than ¥200,000 of other income may be exempt from filing a national return.\nForeign pensions and filing\nA foreign pension not subject to Japanese withholding can prevent use of the pension non-filing rule, so recipients of overseas pensions often must file. Even when the exception applies, you may choose to file to claim medical or other deductions, and a resident-tax declaration may still be required. Keep pension statements and any foreign-tax records.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/pension-income-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:retirement-income-tax","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-pension-income","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Public pension income (公的年金等)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1600.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:retirement-income-tax:en","entityId":"guide:retirement-income-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Retirement income tax","plainText":"Retirement income is taxed favorably: subtract the retirement-income deduction (¥400,000 per service year, more after 20 years) from the payment and tax one-half of the rest — separately from your other income — provided you file the retirement-income declaration.\nThe retirement deduction, one-half treatment, service years, and the withholding declaration.\nDeduction: ¥400,000/service year (¥800,000 min ≤20 years).\nAbove 20 years: ¥8M + ¥700,000/extra year.\nOnly one-half of the excess is taxed; it is separate from other income.\nFile the retirement-income declaration or 20.42% is withheld.\nThe calculation\nCompute the retirement-income deduction from years of service: ¥400,000 per year (minimum ¥800,000 for 20 years or less), then ¥8,000,000 plus ¥700,000 per year above 20. Subtract it from the retirement payment and take one-half. For 25 years and a ¥15,000,000 allowance: deduction ¥11,500,000, so (¥15,000,000 − ¥11,500,000) × 1/2 = ¥1,750,000 of retirement income, taxed separately.\nDeclaration and special rules\nFile the retirement-income declaration with the payer so the correct favorable amount is withheld; otherwise 20.42% is withheld and you file to reconcile. Short-service and short-service-director payments have rules that reduce the one-half benefit, and multiple retirement payments (including DC/iDeCo lump sums) interact through the service-year rules.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/retirement-income-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing","guide:pension-income-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-retirement-income","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Retirement income (退職所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1420.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing:en","entityId":"guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"iDeCo and retirement-allowance timing","plainText":"Taking an iDeCo lump sum and a company retirement allowance both use the retirement-income deduction, and their service periods can overlap — so receiving them in the wrong order or too close together can waste the deduction; the timing should be modeled.\nOverlapping service periods, lump-sum treatment, and payout sequencing.\nBoth an iDeCo lump sum and a retirement allowance use the retirement-income deduction.\nTheir service/contribution periods can overlap, limiting the combined deduction.\nPayout order and the gap between them affect the result.\nModel the sequencing before you elect a payout method.\nWhy timing matters\nThe retirement-income deduction is based on years of service (or iDeCo contribution years). When you receive two lump sums — a company retirement allowance and an iDeCo payout — the rules can treat their periods as overlapping, so you do not simply add two full deductions. Receiving them in a particular order, or with enough years between them, can preserve more deduction.\nModel it first\nThe interaction is intricate and depends on your service years, contribution years, and the amounts involved, plus whether you take iDeCo as a lump sum or as a pension. Before you fix a retirement date or elect a payout method, model the alternatives — this is a common area to consult a professional so a favorable deduction is not accidentally lost.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:retirement-income-tax","guide:ideco-tax-deduction","guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-retirement-income","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Retirement income (退職所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1420.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords:en","entityId":"guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rental income tax for landlords","plainText":"Rental income is rent plus nonrefundable deposits and renewal fees, minus necessary expenses like fixed-asset tax, insurance, depreciation, repairs, and the rental portion of loan interest — loan principal is never deductible, and a blue return can add a special deduction.\nRent, fees, deposits, expenses, depreciation, interest, vacancy, and blue returns.\nIncome includes rent, nonrefundable deposits, and renewal fees.\nDeductible: fixed-asset tax, insurance, depreciation, repairs, interest.\nLoan principal is never deductible; interest may be.\nExample: ¥2.4M income − ¥1.5M expenses = ¥900,000 rental income.\nWhat counts as income\nRental income includes rents, nonrefundable deposits (e.g., key money), renewal fees, and tenant reimbursements. A refundable security deposit is not income until it becomes nonrefundable. Necessary expenses commonly include fixed-asset tax, property insurance, depreciation, and repairs. As a worked example: ¥2.4M of rent and nonrefundable fees minus ¥1.5M of expenses is ¥900,000 of rental income.\nInterest, principal, and blue returns\nQualifying loan interest is deductible but loan principal repayment is not — a frequent mistake. Capital improvements are depreciated rather than expensed. If your rental rises to the level of a business, a blue return can add a special deduction and family-employee salaries. Keep the purchase contract, land/building allocation, loan statements, and a depreciation schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/rental-income-tax-for-landlords","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:deductible-rental-property-expenses","guide:rental-property-depreciation","guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Real-estate (rental) income (不動産所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:deductible-rental-property-expenses:en","entityId":"guide:deductible-rental-property-expenses","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Deductible rental property expenses","plainText":"You can deduct current expenses like management fees, routine repairs, insurance, fixed-asset tax, loan interest, and landlord-paid utilities — but not loan principal, capital improvements (depreciated instead), or the personal-use portion of a mixed property.\nManagement, repairs, insurance, fixed-asset tax, interest, utilities, and personal-use allocation.\nCurrent expenses: management, repairs, insurance, fixed-asset tax, interest, utilities.\nNot deductible: loan principal, capital improvements (depreciate), personal use.\nSeparate current expenses from balance-sheet/capital items.\nKeep professional fees and advertising receipts too.\nCurrent expenses\nDeductible current expenses commonly include management fees, advertising, routine repairs, property insurance, fixed-asset tax, loan interest, landlord-paid utilities, and professional fees. Keep a separate schedule per property. These reduce your rental income directly in the year paid.\nWhat is not a current expense\nSeparate out balance-sheet and capital items: the building and land purchase price (land is not depreciated), major improvements (depreciated), loan principal, security deposits repayable to tenants, acquisition transaction costs requiring capitalization, and any personal-use portion. Mixing these into current expenses overstates your deduction and is a common audit adjustment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/deductible-rental-property-expenses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements","guide:rental-property-depreciation"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Real-estate (rental) income (不動産所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements:en","entityId":"guide:rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rental repairs vs capital improvements","plainText":"Work that merely restores a property to its original condition is a deductible repair; work that extends its useful life or increases its value is a capital improvement that must be depreciated rather than expensed — and borderline cases have specific tests.\nCurrent expense vs capitalization, useful-life extension, and records.\nRepair (restore original condition) → current expense.\nImprovement (extend life or add value) → capitalize and depreciate.\nLarge or structural work is more likely to be capital.\nKeep invoices describing the work, not just the amount.\nDrawing the line\nA repair returns the property to its prior state — fixing a leak, repapering, replacing a broken fixture with an equivalent — and is deductible now. A capital improvement extends useful life or raises value — an upgrade, an extension, a substantially better replacement — and is depreciated over time. Cost and scope matter: large or structural work leans capital.\nUncertain cases\nThere are formal tests for borderline work (small amounts and periodic maintenance can be treated as repairs), and misclassifying a big improvement as a repair overstates the current deduction. Keep invoices that describe what was done, not just totals, and get advice on large projects so the split between expense and depreciation is defensible.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:deductible-rental-property-expenses","guide:rental-property-depreciation","guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Real-estate (rental) income (不動産所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-depreciation","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Depreciation and the small-asset expensing rules","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rental-property-depreciation:en","entityId":"guide:rental-property-depreciation","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rental property depreciation","plainText":"You depreciate the building (and certain components) over statutory useful lives but never the land, so you must split the purchase price between land and building — and reconstructing that split for an old property with missing documents needs care or a professional.\nLand vs building, component allocation, useful lives, and missing documents.\nDepreciate the building; never depreciate land.\nSplit the purchase price between land and building.\nUseful life depends on structure (e.g., wood vs reinforced concrete).\nMissing purchase documents make basis reconstruction hard.\nSplitting land and building\nBecause land is not depreciated, only the building portion of your purchase generates depreciation. Split the price using the contract, the assessed values, or another reasonable method, then depreciate the building over the useful life for its structure. Fixtures and equipment can have their own, shorter lives.\nOld properties and records\nFor a used building, you also account for prior depreciation, and for a very old property with a missing purchase contract or no land/building allocation, reconstructing the basis is difficult and error-prone. This is a common point to involve a professional, because an incorrect basis flows through to both annual depreciation and the eventual sale calculation.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/rental-property-depreciation","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","guide:equipment-and-depreciation"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-depreciation","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Depreciation and the small-asset expensing rules","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Real-estate (rental) income (不動産所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes when buying property in Japan","plainText":"Buying property can trigger real-estate acquisition tax (prefectural), registration and license tax on the title and mortgage, stamp tax on paper contracts, and consumption tax on the taxable building component — then annual fixed-asset and city-planning taxes once you own it.\nAcquisition tax, registration tax, stamp tax, building consumption tax, and annual taxes.\nReal-estate acquisition tax (prefectural) on acquiring property.\nRegistration and license tax on the title transfer and any mortgage.\nStamp tax on paper purchase and loan contracts.\nConsumption tax on the building component; land is treated differently.\nOne-time purchase taxes\nAt purchase you may face real-estate acquisition tax assessed by the prefecture, registration and license tax on registering the title and any mortgage (statutory rates on assessed values, with temporary reductions), stamp tax on paper contracts, and consumption tax on the taxable building portion — land itself is treated differently for consumption tax. Owner-occupied housing often qualifies for reliefs.\nThen the annual taxes\nOnce you own the property, the municipality bills fixed-asset tax and, in urbanization areas, city-planning tax each year, based on the January-1 owner and assessed value. Because acquisition, registration, and stamp reliefs are temporary and date-sensitive, confirm the current rate for your transaction date and check owner-occupier reductions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","guide:fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes","guide:property-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyo-acquisition-tax","publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","title":"Real-estate acquisition tax","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shitsumon/fudosan/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-registration-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Registration and license tax table (登録免許税)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7191.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-stamp-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Stamp tax on documents (印紙税額)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7140.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes when selling property in Japan","plainText":"Selling property is a separate capital-gain transaction (not rental income): the gain is sale price minus basis and selling costs, taxed at short- or long-term rates by holding period, with the basis reduced by depreciation already taken — and owner-occupiers may get special relief.\nSeparate capital gains, holding periods, basis, depreciation, and owner-occupier relief.\nA sale is a separate capital gain, not rental income.\nGain = sale price − basis − selling expenses.\nShort- vs long-term rates depend on the holding period.\nOwner-occupiers may qualify for a special deduction/relief.\nComputing the gain\nThe gain is the sale price minus your basis (acquisition cost, allocated between land and building) minus selling expenses like brokerage. Importantly, the building basis is reduced by the depreciation you took (or should have taken) while renting, which can make the taxable gain larger than expected. Holding-period rules split gains into higher-rate short-term and lower-rate long-term.\nOwner-occupier relief\nIf you sold your own home, special measures — such as a substantial deduction for a principal residence — may reduce or eliminate the tax, subject to conditions. Gather the purchase contract, land/building allocation, acquisition costs, improvement and depreciation history, sale contract, brokerage fees, and evidence of residential use. Old properties with missing cost records often need a professional.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","guide:rental-property-depreciation","guide:property-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-property-sale","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Capital gains on selling land or buildings (譲渡所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes:en","entityId":"guide:fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fixed-asset and city-planning taxes","plainText":"Fixed-asset tax (and city-planning tax in urbanization areas) is an annual municipal tax on land, buildings, and depreciable assets, based on the January-1 owner and the assessed value — billed with payment slips, usually in several installments.\nAssessment, annual liability, notices, payment schedules, and the ownership date.\nAnnual municipal tax on land, buildings, and depreciable assets.\nBased on the January-1 owner and the assessed value.\nCity-planning tax adds in urbanization-promotion areas.\nPaid in installments on a municipal schedule.\nAssessment and billing\nThe municipality assesses your land and buildings and bills fixed-asset tax each year; in urbanization-promotion areas it adds city-planning tax. The person who owns the property on January 1 is liable for that year, regardless of a later sale, and the tax is paid in several installments per the local schedule. Residential land and new homes often receive reductions.\nLocal variation\nAssessed values are reviewed periodically, and rates, reductions, and payment dates vary by municipality. When you buy or sell, the parties often prorate the year’s tax between them by contract even though the January-1 owner is legally liable. Check your assessment notice and raise errors with the municipality.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","guide:property-taxes-in-japan","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyo-fixed-asset-tax","publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","title":"Fixed-asset tax and city-planning tax","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage interest vs mortgage tax credit","plainText":"For an owner-occupied home you use the housing-loan tax credit (a credit against tax); for a rental property you deduct the loan interest as an expense — but loan principal is never deductible in either case, and a mixed-use property must be split.\nRental interest deduction vs owner-occupier tax credit, principal, and mixed-use property.\nOwner-occupied home → housing-loan tax credit (reduces tax).\nRental property → loan interest is a deductible expense.\nLoan principal is never deductible in either case.\nA mixed-use (part-home, part-rental) property must be allocated.\nTwo different mechanisms\nThese are not the same thing. The housing-loan tax credit is a credit that reduces your income tax by a percentage of the year-end loan balance on a qualifying owner-occupied home. Rental-property interest, by contrast, is an ordinary business/real-estate expense that reduces rental income. You cannot use the owner-occupier credit on a purely rented property.\nPrincipal and mixed use\nIn both cases, loan principal repayment is never deductible — only interest (for rentals) or the credit (for owner-occupied). If a property is partly your home and partly rented, allocate the interest and the credit to the correct portions. Getting the split right matters for both your rental expense and your credit eligibility.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan","guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:property-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-mortgage-credit","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Housing-loan tax credit (住宅借入金等特別控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Real-estate (rental) income (不動産所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nonresident-landlord-taxes:en","entityId":"guide:nonresident-landlord-taxes","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Nonresident landlord taxes","plainText":"A nonresident who rents out Japanese property is taxable in Japan on that rental income; certain tenants must withhold tax on the rent, you deduct the usual expenses on a filed return, and you generally need a Japanese tax representative to handle filings and notices.\nJapanese rental income, withholding, a tax representative, expenses, and the sale.\nNonresident Japanese rental income is taxable in Japan.\nCertain tenants must withhold tax on rent paid to a nonresident.\nYou file a return and deduct the usual rental expenses.\nAppoint a Japanese tax representative (納税管理人).\nRent withholding and filing\nIf you live abroad and rent out Japanese property, the rental income is Japan-source and taxable here. When the tenant is a corporation or an individual renting for business, they generally must withhold tax on the rent and remit it, which you then reconcile on a return. Residential tenants renting for their own home are usually an exception to the withholding requirement.\nTax representative and sale\nBecause you are abroad, appoint a Japanese tax representative (納税管理人) to file, receive notices, and pay on your behalf. You still deduct the ordinary rental expenses and depreciation. When you eventually sell, a nonresident sale can also involve withholding by the buyer, and treaty provisions may apply — plan the sale with a professional.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/nonresident-landlord-taxes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:tax-representative-guide","guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Scope of taxable income by residency (居住者・非居住者)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Real-estate (rental) income (不動産所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:worldwide-vs-japan-source-income:en","entityId":"guide:worldwide-vs-japan-source-income","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Worldwide income vs Japan-source income","plainText":"What Japan can tax depends on your residency category and where income arises: work done in Japan is Japan-source even if paid abroad, permanent residents are taxed on worldwide income, and non-permanent residents add foreign income paid in or remitted to Japan.\nEmployment, services, rent, investments, businesses, pensions, and payments made overseas.\nWork performed in Japan is Japan-source income, even if paid overseas.\nPermanent residents (for tax) are taxed on worldwide income.\nNon-residents are taxed only on specified Japan-source income.\nWhere the money is paid does not decide the source.\nWhat is Japan-source\nJapan-source income includes employment or service income for work physically performed in Japan, rent from Japanese property, gains on Japanese assets, and Japanese business income — regardless of where it is paid. A foreign employer paying into an overseas account does not change the source. Non-residents are generally taxed only on such Japan-source income, often via withholding.\nResidency and scope\nResidency then sets the wider scope: permanent residents for tax are taxed on worldwide income (all foreign income too), while non-permanent residents add foreign-source income only to the extent it is paid in or remitted to Japan. Treaties can reassign some source-country taxing rights, so a cross-border position should be confirmed against both domestic law and any treaty.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/worldwide-vs-japan-source-income","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Scope of taxable income by residency (居住者・非居住者)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan:en","entityId":"guide:foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Foreign income and remittances to Japan","plainText":"If you are a non-permanent resident, foreign-source income becomes taxable in Japan to the extent it is paid in or remitted here — and ordering rules mean a remittance from a mixed account can be treated as bringing over taxable income, so keep careful records.\nNon-permanent-resident rules, foreign-source income, remittance ordering, and mixed accounts.\nNon-permanent residents are taxed on remitted foreign income.\nA remittance from a mixed account can be deemed to carry taxable income.\nDo not assume only money kept abroad is safe.\nKeep records of income sources and remittances.\nThe remittance rule\nA non-permanent resident is taxed on Japan-source income plus foreign-source income that is paid in or remitted to Japan. This is narrower than worldwide taxation but broader than “Japan-only,” and it catches money you bring in. Ordering rules can treat a remittance as first carrying over your foreign income for the year, even if you think of it as moving savings.\nMixed accounts and records\nBecause a remittance from an account holding both income and capital can be attributed to income first, mixing funds makes the analysis harder and can increase what is taxable. Keep foreign income, capital, and remittances documented and, where possible, segregated. This is a classic area for a mistake, so get advice before large remittances.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:worldwide-vs-japan-source-income","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:moving-to-japan-tax-checklist"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Scope of taxable income by residency (居住者・非居住者)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Foreign tax credit in Japan","plainText":"A Japanese resident can claim a credit for qualifying foreign income taxes to relieve double taxation, but it is capped by a Japanese limitation (not necessarily the whole foreign tax), needs country/income/payment/exchange documentation, and certain unused amounts carry forward three years.\nQualifying foreign taxes, the Japanese limitation, carryforwards, and documents.\nCredits qualifying foreign income taxes against Japanese tax.\nCapped by a Japanese limitation — not always the full foreign tax.\nCertain unused foreign tax / limitation carries forward three years.\nRequires country, income-category, payment, and exchange-rate records.\nHow the credit works\nWhen the same income is taxed both abroad and in Japan, the foreign-tax credit reduces your Japanese tax by the qualifying foreign income tax, up to a Japanese limitation computed from the foreign-income share of your total income. Because of that ceiling, the credit may be less than the full foreign tax; certain unused foreign tax and unused limitation can carry forward three years.\nDocumentation and treaties\nYou need documentation of the country, income category, foreign tax, payment, and exchange rate. A treaty can reduce the foreign withholding in the first place, changing the credit needed, and some foreign taxes are not creditable. Because the calculation and treaty coordination are technical, review significant foreign-tax positions with a professional.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:double-tax-treaties-explained","guide:taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages","guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-foreign-tax-credit","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Foreign tax credit (外国税額控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1240.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:double-tax-treaties-explained:en","entityId":"guide:double-tax-treaties-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Double-tax treaties explained","plainText":"A tax treaty between Japan and another country decides which country taxes what: it breaks residence ties, limits source-country taxing rights, and can reduce withholding on dividends, interest, and pensions — but relief is not automatic and needs eligibility, forms, and procedures.\nResidence tie-breakers, source-country rights, withholding relief, and forms.\nTreaties break residence ties when two countries both claim you.\nThey limit source-country taxing rights and withholding rates.\nRelief is not automatic — you file eligibility forms and follow procedures.\nA saving clause can preserve a country’s tax on its own citizens.\nWhat treaties do\nWhen two countries both treat you as resident, the treaty’s tie-breaker (home, center of vital interests, habitual abode, nationality) assigns one residence for treaty purposes. Treaties also cap or remove source-country tax on certain income and reduce withholding on dividends, interest, royalties, and pensions. This prevents or reduces double taxation alongside the foreign-tax credit.\nGetting the relief\nTreaty relief is not automatic: you generally file eligibility forms (for example, to get a reduced withholding rate) and follow procedural conditions. A saving clause in some treaties preserves a country’s right to tax its own citizens despite other provisions. Because treaty interpretation and forms are technical and country-specific, get professional help for a real position.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/double-tax-treaties-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"id":"mof-us-japan-treaty","publisher":"Ministry of Finance Japan","title":"Japan tax treaties (including US-Japan)","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/tax_policy/summary/international/tax_convention/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Scope of taxable income by residency (居住者・非居住者)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:moving-to-japan-tax-checklist:en","entityId":"guide:moving-to-japan-tax-checklist","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Moving to Japan tax checklist","plainText":"Before and just after you arrive, record your arrival date and residence facts, capture the cost basis and fair value of your assets, save equity-compensation and remittance records, review treaty and social-security coverage, and plan a professional review before your first year-end.\nArrival date, residence analysis, asset cost basis, equity comp, remittances, and treaties.\nRecord the arrival date and facts that establish residence.\nCapture pre-arrival asset cost basis and fair values.\nSave equity-compensation grant/vesting/exercise records.\nKeep remittance records; review treaty and social-security coverage.\nWhat to preserve\nObtain pre-arrival tax returns and year-end account statements, record the original acquisition cost of securities, crypto, and property, and save grant and vesting records for stock compensation (which can straddle pre- and post-arrival service). Determine the date your Japanese domicile or residence begins, and keep foreign-to-Japan remittance records — remittance-basis treatment for non-permanent residents depends on source and ordering.\nReviews and calendars\nReview treaty and social-security-agreement coverage, establish yen translation methods, review your foreign employer’s payroll obligations, and create a calendar for both Japanese and home-country filings. Do not assume only money transferred to Japan is taxable. Schedule a professional review before the first year-end so your position is right from the start.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/moving-to-japan-tax-checklist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Scope of taxable income by residency (居住者・非居住者)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist:en","entityId":"guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Leaving Japan tax checklist","plainText":"Before leaving Japan, determine whether your tax residence ends, complete the departure-year return (or appoint a tax agent to file later), settle national and estimated tax, arrange resident-tax payment, test exit-tax exposure, and review a pension lump-sum withdrawal.\nDeparture-year filing, resident tax, tax representative, estimated tax, and exit tax.\nComplete the departure-year return, or appoint a tax agent to file later.\nResident tax does not end at departure — arrange payment.\nAppoint a tax representative (納税管理人) for post-departure procedures.\nTest exit-tax exposure and review a pension lump-sum withdrawal.\nFiling and payment\nDetermine your departure date for tax purposes and whether residence ends. The NTA instructs departing taxpayers to file before leaving when no tax agent is appointed; appointing a tax agent (納税管理人) lets returns, refunds, and notices be handled from abroad afterward. Settle national income tax and any estimated tax, and arrange resident-tax payment with your municipality, since resident tax on the prior year survives departure.\nExit tax and pension\nTest exit-tax exposure — Japan’s regime can apply where specified financial assets total at least ¥100M and residence-history conditions are met. Preserve Japanese bank and My Number access long enough to complete procedures, review a pension lump-sum withdrawal versus future pension rights, and notify your software, accountant, broker, bank, and insurer of the address change.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/leaving-japan-tax-checklist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:tax-representative-guide","guide:japan-exit-tax-guide","guide:pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-leaving-japan","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Filing when leaving Japan (出国するとき)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1923.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-tax-agent","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Tax agent for a taxpayer leaving Japan","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/12004.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:tax-representative-guide:en","entityId":"guide:tax-representative-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Tax representative guide","plainText":"A tax agent (納税管理人) is a person in Japan you appoint by notification to receive notices and handle your returns, refunds, and payments after you leave — needed whenever Japanese tax procedures will arise once you are abroad.\nWhen one is needed, the appointment procedure, responsibilities, and post-departure payments.\nAppointed by filing a notification with the tax office.\nReceives notices and handles returns, refunds, and payments.\nNeeded when tax procedures continue after you leave Japan.\nLets you avoid having to file everything before departure.\nWhen you need one\nIf, after you leave Japan, there will be returns to file, refunds to receive, notices to answer, or tax to pay — for example ongoing rental income, a delayed refund, or a departure-year return you cannot finish in time — you appoint a tax agent so those procedures can continue from within Japan. Without one, the NTA expects you to file before leaving.\nAppointing and responsibilities\nYou appoint a tax agent by filing a notification with your tax office, naming a person (or firm) in Japan. They receive your tax mail and can file returns, claim refunds, and pay tax on your behalf, but you remain the taxpayer. Choose someone reliable and reachable; for complex affairs, a licensed tax accountant is a natural choice.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/tax-representative-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","guide:nonresident-landlord-taxes","guide:japan-exit-tax-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-tax-agent","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Tax agent for a taxpayer leaving Japan","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/12004.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-exit-tax-guide:en","entityId":"guide:japan-exit-tax-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan exit tax guide","plainText":"Japan’s exit tax can tax unrealized gains on specified financial assets as if sold when you leave, if those assets total at least ¥100M and you meet residence-history conditions — deferral is possible for up to five (potentially ten) years with a tax representative and security.\nSpecified assets, the ¥100M review threshold, deemed disposal, deferral, and deadlines.\nApplies to specified financial assets (e.g., securities), not everything.\nReview threshold: specified assets totaling at least ¥100M.\nResidence-history conditions must also be met.\nDeferral possible (≈5, up to 10 years) with a representative and security.\nWhat it taxes\nThe exit-tax regime treats certain financial assets (such as securities and some derivatives) as deemed-sold at departure, taxing the unrealized gain. It applies where those specified assets total at least ¥100M and you meet residence-history conditions (broadly, having been a resident for enough of the recent period). Nationality alone is not the test — foreign nationals can be caught.\nDeferral and deadlines\nBecause taxing unrealized gains at departure is harsh, deferral is available — ordinarily for five years and potentially ten — if you appoint a tax representative and provide security. There are filing deadlines around departure, and later actual sale or return can adjust the result. This is a mandatory professional-review area before surrendering residence.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-exit-tax-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","guide:tax-representative-guide","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-exit-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Exit tax on unrealised gains of departing residents","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/kokugai-zaisan.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax:en","entityId":"guide:pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Pension lump-sum withdrawal tax","plainText":"A departing foreign worker can claim a lump-sum pension withdrawal; employee-pension lump sums generally have 20.42% Japanese withholding, but a refund of much of it can often be claimed through a Japanese tax agent by applying retirement-income treatment.\nEligibility, employee-pension withholding, the tax-agent refund, and treaty considerations.\nDeparting foreign workers may claim a lump-sum pension withdrawal.\nEmployee-pension lump sums generally have 20.42% withholding.\nA tax-agent refund can apply retirement-income treatment.\nWeigh the withdrawal against future pension rights and totalization.\nClaiming and the refund\nEligible departing foreign workers can apply for a lump-sum withdrawal payment of pension contributions. Employee-pension (厚生年金) lump sums are generally subject to 20.42% Japanese withholding at payment. However, by appointing a Japanese tax agent and filing to apply retirement-income treatment (with its deduction and one-half rule), a large part of that withholding can often be refunded.\nWeigh it carefully\nA lump-sum withdrawal ends the related Japanese pension rights, so weigh the cash now against future pension entitlement, and check any social-security (totalization) agreement between Japan and your country — coverage periods may be combinable so you keep rights instead of cashing out. Review before claiming.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","guide:tax-representative-guide","guide:retirement-income-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"jps-lump-sum","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Lump-sum Withdrawal Payments","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/withdrawalpayment/payment.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-retirement-income","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Retirement income (退職所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1420.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes for digital nomads in Japan","plainText":"For a digital nomad, Japanese tax turns on tax residence and where you work, not your visa name: if you become a tax resident or perform work in Japan, that income can be Japan-taxable even from foreign clients — and there can be permanent-establishment and treaty issues.\nTax residence, work location, foreign employer/clients, visa distinction, and PE warnings.\nTax residence and work location — not the visa — drive taxation.\nWork performed in Japan is Japan-source, even for foreign clients.\nBecoming a tax resident can bring broader taxation.\nPermanent-establishment and treaty questions can arise.\nResidence and work location\nA nomad’s visa or “nomad” label does not decide tax. If facts establish a Japanese domicile or you stay long enough to become resident, Japan’s wider taxing rules apply; even as a non-resident, work physically performed in Japan is Japan-source and can be taxable. So both how long you stay and where you actually work matter.\nEmployer and treaty risks\nWorking in Japan for a foreign employer or clients can create a permanent-establishment question for the business and payroll/withholding gaps for you, and a treaty may change source-country taxing rights and residence. Because the “digital nomad” category does not exempt you from these rules, confirm your position with a professional before assuming Japan cannot tax you.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Scope of taxable income by residency (居住者・非居住者)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes for US citizens living in Japan","plainText":"The US taxes its citizens and green-card holders on worldwide income even while they live in Japan, so you generally file in both countries; the foreign tax credit and foreign earned income exclusion reduce double taxation, and Japanese accounts and funds can trigger extra US reporting.\nDual filing, worldwide income, credits, exclusions, treaties, accounts, and investments.\nUS citizenship-based taxation means filing in both countries.\nPaying Japanese tax does not remove US filing.\nThe FTC and FEIE reduce double tax but must be claimed on a US return.\nJapanese accounts and funds can trigger FBAR, FATCA, and PFIC issues.\nDual filing reality\nJapan taxes you as a resident, but the US continues to tax its citizens and green-card holders on worldwide income wherever they live. So you generally file a Japanese return and a US return each year. The foreign tax credit and the foreign earned income exclusion can reduce or remove US tax on income already taxed in Japan, but they do not remove the filing obligation and do not always produce the same result.\nAccounts, funds, and help\nJapanese bank accounts, NISA holdings, mutual funds, pensions, and insurance can create complex US classifications — FBAR and FATCA reporting, and possible PFIC treatment of Japanese funds — that ordinary Japanese tax software does not handle. Use a Japan-licensed tax accountant together with a US CPA, enrolled agent, or attorney experienced in Japan-US cases.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion","guide:fbar-for-americans-in-japan","guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"irs-abroad","publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","title":"US citizens and resident aliens abroad","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/us-citizens-and-resident-aliens-abroad","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mof-us-japan-treaty","publisher":"Ministry of Finance Japan","title":"Japan tax treaties (including US-Japan)","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/tax_policy/summary/international/tax_convention/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion:en","entityId":"guide:foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Foreign Tax Credit vs Foreign Earned Income Exclusion","plainText":"On your US return, the Foreign Tax Credit offsets US tax with foreign income tax paid, while the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion excludes a capped amount of earned income; which is better — or how to combine them — depends on your income mix and Japanese tax, and should be modeled professionally.\nGeneral interaction, earned vs passive income, Japanese tax credits, and carryovers.\nFTC: credits foreign income tax against US tax (good when foreign tax is high).\nFEIE: excludes a capped amount of earned income (not passive income).\nThey interact and cannot double-benefit the same income.\nJapanese tax is generally high enough that the FTC often helps — but model it.\nHow each works\nThe Foreign Tax Credit reduces US tax dollar-for-dollar by qualifying foreign income tax you paid, and unused credit can carry over. The Foreign Earned Income Exclusion instead excludes a limited amount of foreign earned income (wages/self-employment), but not passive income like dividends and capital gains. Because Japanese income tax is often substantial, many US filers in Japan rely on the FTC.\nChoosing and combining\nThey interact: you cannot exclude income under FEIE and also credit the foreign tax on that same income. The right mix depends on your earned vs passive income, your Japanese tax paid, and factors like the child tax credit. Electing FEIE and later revoking it has consequences. This is a classic model-it-first decision for a US-Japan professional.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"irs-ftc","publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","title":"Foreign Tax Credit","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/foreign-tax-credit","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"irs-feie","publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","title":"Foreign Earned Income Exclusion","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/foreign-earned-income-exclusion","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fbar-for-americans-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:fbar-for-americans-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"FBAR for Americans in Japan","plainText":"FBAR is a US report of your foreign financial accounts (not an income-tax return) required when their aggregate value exceeds the threshold at any point in the year; it is due April 15 with an automatic extension to October 15, and it covers ordinary Japanese bank and brokerage accounts.\nCovered accounts, aggregate thresholds, filing date, and common Japanese accounts.\nFBAR reports foreign accounts; it is not an income-tax return.\nRequired when aggregate foreign accounts exceed the threshold.\nDue April 15, automatic extension to October 15.\nCovers ordinary Japanese bank and brokerage accounts.\nWhat FBAR is\nThe FBAR (FinCEN Form 114) is a separate US filing that discloses your foreign financial accounts when their combined value exceeds the reporting threshold at any time during the year. It is informational — not an income-tax return — but penalties for not filing can be significant. Ordinary Japanese accounts (megabank, online bank, brokerage) count toward the aggregate.\nTiming and records\nFBAR is due April 15 with an automatic extension to October 15, and it is filed electronically with FinCEN, separately from your IRS return (though FATCA Form 8938 may also apply on the return itself). Keep records of each account’s highest balance and details. Because thresholds and penalties are significant, confirm your obligations with a US professional.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/fbar-for-americans-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk","guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"irs-fbar","publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","title":"Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts (FBAR)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/report-of-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts-fbar","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"irs-fatca","publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","title":"Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations/foreign-account-tax-compliance-act-fatca","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide:en","entityId":"guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan-US tax treaty guide","plainText":"The US-Japan tax treaty allocates taxing rights and reduces withholding on cross-border dividends, interest, and pensions, but its saving clause generally preserves US taxation of US citizens — so the treaty helps with double taxation without freeing Americans from US filing.\nThe saving clause, residence, employment, pensions, dividends, and relief procedures.\nThe treaty allocates taxing rights and cuts some withholding rates.\nThe saving clause preserves US tax on US citizens (with exceptions).\nIt addresses residence, employment, pensions, dividends, and interest.\nRelief needs eligibility forms and procedures.\nWhat the treaty does\nThe treaty sets residence tie-breakers and rules for employment income, pensions, dividends, interest, and more, and it reduces certain withholding rates. This coordinates with the foreign tax credit to prevent double taxation. But the saving clause lets the US continue taxing its citizens as if parts of the treaty did not apply, subject to specific carve-outs.\nUsing it in practice\nTo claim treaty benefits (such as reduced withholding), you generally file eligibility forms and meet procedural conditions, and interpreting how the saving clause and its exceptions apply to a specific item (like pensions) is technical. Because a wrong treaty position affects both countries, review significant positions with a professional experienced in Japan-US cases.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:double-tax-treaties-explained","guide:foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion"]},"sources":[{"id":"mof-us-japan-treaty","publisher":"Ministry of Finance Japan","title":"Japan tax treaties (including US-Japan)","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/tax_policy/summary/international/tax_convention/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"irs-abroad","publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","title":"US citizens and resident aliens abroad","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/us-citizens-and-resident-aliens-abroad","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA, Japanese funds, and PFIC risk","plainText":"NISA and Japanese mutual funds are tax-advantaged in Japan, but the US does not recognize that shelter for US taxpayers, and Japanese pooled funds can be treated as PFICs — a punitive, paperwork-heavy US regime — so US persons should get specialist advice before investing.\nJapanese tax treatment, lack of automatic US exemption, and fund-classification risk.\nNISA’s tax-free status is a Japanese benefit, not a US one.\nJapanese mutual funds/ETFs can be PFICs for US taxpayers.\nPFIC treatment is punitive and paperwork-heavy (Form 8621).\nUS persons should get specialist advice before buying Japanese funds.\nThe US-Japan mismatch\nIn Japan, NISA shelters eligible gains and distributions, and mutual funds are ordinary investments. For US taxpayers, none of that carries over automatically: the US taxes worldwide income and does not recognize NISA’s shelter. Worse, a Japanese pooled fund is often a Passive Foreign Investment Company (PFIC) under US rules.\nWhy PFIC matters\nPFIC treatment can impose punitive tax and interest on distributions and gains, and requires detailed annual reporting (Form 8621). This makes many Japanese funds and even some NISA holdings costly and complex for US persons. Before investing, a US taxpayer should consult a US CPA, enrolled agent, or attorney experienced in PFIC and Japan cases.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:fbar-for-americans-in-japan","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"irs-abroad","publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","title":"US citizens and resident aliens abroad","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/us-citizens-and-resident-aliens-abroad","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:gift-tax-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:gift-tax-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Gift tax in Japan","plainText":"Gift tax is paid by the recipient on gifts received in a calendar year above a ¥1.1M annual basic exemption (across all donors, not per donor), at progressive rates reaching 55%, with a return due about February 1–March 15 of the following year.\nThe annual exemption, progressive rates, the recipient’s liability, and filing.\nThe recipient pays; the ¥1.1M exemption is per recipient per year, across all donors.\nRates are progressive up to 55%.\nDifferent tables apply to gifts from direct ancestors to adult descendants.\nA return is due about February 1–March 15 of the following year.\nThe annual exemption\nUnder calendar-year (暦年) gift taxation, a recipient can receive up to ¥1.1M of gifts tax-free per year. Crucially, this exemption is per recipient across all donors combined, not a fresh ¥1.1M for each person giving to you. Gifts above the exemption are taxed at progressive rates reaching 55%, with a separate, gentler table for qualifying gifts from direct ancestors to adult descendants.\nFiling and records\nThe recipient files a gift-tax return about February 1–March 15 of the following year when gifts exceed the exemption. Foreign gifts, gifts between family, and settlement-type (相続時精算課税) elections have their own rules, and valuation matters. Keep records of donor, date, amount, and valuation, and get advice for large or cross-border gifts.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/gift-tax-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan","guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-gift-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Gift tax (贈与税)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/zoyo/4402.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Inheritance tax in Japan","plainText":"Inheritance tax applies to an estate above the basic exemption of ¥30M + ¥6M per statutory heir, with the return and payment generally due within ten months of learning of the death — and valuation, spouse relief, insurance exclusions, and small-residential-land relief can materially change the result.\nThe basic exemption, statutory heirs, the ten-month deadline, valuation, and reliefs.\nBasic exemption: ¥30M + ¥6M × number of statutory heirs.\nReturn and payment generally due within ten months.\nSpouse relief, insurance exclusions, and small-land relief can reduce tax.\nValuation, prior gifts, trusts, and foreign estates complicate it.\nThe basic exemption and deadline\nInheritance tax is charged on the taxable estate exceeding the basic exemption, which is ¥30M plus ¥6M times the number of statutory heirs — so a family with more statutory heirs has a higher exemption. An inheritance-tax return and payment are generally due within ten months after the heir learns of the death (usually measured from the day after death).\nReliefs and complications\nThe outcome can change materially with valuation methods, the spouse tax credit, life-insurance exclusions, small-residential-land relief, trusts, prior gifts brought back in, foreign estates, and generation-skipping. Real property and unlisted shares need careful valuation. Because the ten-month clock is short and the rules intricate, involve a tax accountant early.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/inheritance-tax-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:gift-tax-in-japan","guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","guide:inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-inheritance-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Inheritance tax calculation and basic exemption (相続税)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/sozoku/4152.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax:en","entityId":"guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Gift tax vs inheritance tax","plainText":"Gift tax applies to transfers during life (¥1.1M annual exemption per recipient) while inheritance tax applies at death (¥30M + ¥6M per heir exemption); the two are coordinated — recent gifts can be pulled back into the estate — so lifetime gifting to reduce inheritance tax needs careful planning.\nTiming, exemptions, valuation, rates, and why planning requires advice.\nGift tax = lifetime transfers; inheritance tax = transfers at death.\nDifferent exemptions and rate structures.\nRecent gifts can be added back to the taxable estate.\nA settlement-type election links lifetime gifts to the estate.\nHow they compare\nGift tax targets transfers you make while alive, with a ¥1.1M annual per-recipient exemption and rates to 55%; inheritance tax targets what passes at death, with a ¥30M + ¥6M-per-heir exemption. People sometimes gift during life to reduce the eventual estate, but the systems are coordinated so this cannot simply bypass inheritance tax.\nWhy planning needs advice\nGifts made within a look-back period before death can be brought back into the taxable estate, and a settlement-type (相続時精算課税) election deliberately links lifetime gifts to the eventual inheritance calculation. Valuation, timing, and family circumstances all interact. Because a well-meant gifting plan can backfire, model it with a tax accountant.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:gift-tax-in-japan","guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan","guide:inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-gift-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Gift tax (贈与税)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/zoyo/4402.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-inheritance-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Inheritance tax calculation and basic exemption (相続税)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/sozoku/4152.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents:en","entityId":"guide:inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Inheritance tax for foreign residents and nonresident heirs","plainText":"For foreigners, whether Japanese inheritance or gift tax covers worldwide assets or only Japan-located assets depends on the domicile, nationality, and status of the deceased and the heir — a fact-heavy, penalty-sensitive area that warrants professional review.\nDomicile and asset-location issues, foreign estates, treaties, and escalation.\nScope (worldwide vs Japan-located) depends on domicile, nationality, and status.\nBoth the deceased’s and the heir’s situation matter.\nForeign estates, translations, and valuations add complexity.\nThis is a mandatory professional-review area.\nWhose assets, where\nJapanese inheritance and gift tax can reach worldwide assets or only Japan-located assets depending on categories tied to the domicile, nationality, and residence history of both the deceased/donor and the heir/recipient. Recent years have seen rule changes aimed at temporary foreign workers, so the exact scope for a given family is fact-specific and not intuitive.\nGet help early\nForeign estates require valuations, translations, and coordination with the other country’s rules, and any treaty must be checked. Mistakes are penalty-sensitive and the ten-month deadline is short. If a foreign resident or nonresident heir is involved, obtain professional review early — this is not a do-it-yourself area.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan","guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-inheritance-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Inheritance tax calculation and basic exemption (相続税)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/sozoku/4152.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Scope of taxable income by residency (居住者・非居住者)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:automobile-taxes-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:automobile-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Automobile taxes in Japan","plainText":"Owning a car brings an annual automobile tax (billed each spring to the owner as of April 1), plus environmental-performance and weight taxes at purchase and inspection — with amounts varying by engine size, weight, and environmental classification.\nOwnership, acquisition, weight, inspection, environmental classification, and notices.\nAnnual automobile tax, billed to the April-1 owner.\nEnvironmental-performance tax at acquisition.\nWeight tax at purchase and at inspection (車検).\nAmounts vary by engine size, weight, and environmental class.\nAnnual and purchase taxes\nThe annual automobile tax (種別割) is billed each spring to whoever owns the vehicle on April 1, with the amount set by engine size (and a lighter kei-car regime). At purchase you pay an environmental-performance tax based on fuel efficiency and emissions, and automobile weight tax is charged at purchase and again at each shaken (inspection).\nClassification and local rules\nEnvironmental classification (eco-friendly vehicles) can reduce some of these taxes, and kei cars are administered locally with lower amounts. Rates and green-car reductions change, and administration is split between national and local bodies. Check current amounts for your vehicle class and municipality.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/automobile-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:stamp-tax-in-japan","guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyo-automobile-tax","publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","title":"Automobile tax (種別割) and related taxes","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/kazei/car.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:stamp-tax-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:stamp-tax-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Stamp tax in Japan","plainText":"Stamp tax is a tax on creating specified paper documents — such as real-estate and construction contracts, loan instruments, and large receipts — based on the document’s stated amount; purely electronic documents are generally outside the tax because no taxable paper is created.\nTaxable paper documents, contract categories, stated amounts, and electronic documents.\nCharged on creating specified paper documents.\nThe amount depends on the document type and stated amount.\nCommon taxable docs: property/construction contracts, loans, large receipts.\nPurely electronic documents are generally outside stamp tax.\nWhat is taxable\nStamp tax attaches to the creation of specific paper instruments listed in the law — real-estate transfer and construction contracts, loan (金銭消費貸借) agreements, certain continuing business agreements, and receipts above a threshold. You pay by affixing revenue stamps to the document. The substance controls: calling a contract a “memorandum” does not avoid the tax if it is a taxable document.\nElectronic documents\nBecause the tax concerns the creation of a taxable paper document, purely electronic contracts and receipts are generally outside stamp tax — a reason many businesses moved to electronic contracting. Temporary reduced rates apply to qualifying real-estate and construction contracts. Confirm the current rate table and whether your document is taxable.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/stamp-tax-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:automobile-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-stamp-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Stamp tax on documents (印紙税額)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7140.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:international-tourist-tax-and-departure-charges:en","entityId":"guide:international-tourist-tax-and-departure-charges","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"International Tourist Tax and departure charges","plainText":"The International Tourist Tax is a per-departure charge collected from people leaving Japan (usually added to your ticket price), with specific exemptions such as certain short transits and young children — confirm the current rules before you rely on them.\nApplicable departures, exemptions, and ticket collection.\nA per-departure charge on leaving Japan.\nGenerally collected together with your ticket.\nSpecific exemptions apply (e.g., certain transits, young children).\nConfirm the current rules and amount before travel.\nHow it applies\nThe International Tourist Tax is charged on departures from Japan and is generally collected by carriers as part of the ticket price, so most travelers pay it without a separate step. It applies broadly to people leaving Japan by air or sea, residents and visitors alike, subject to defined exemptions.\nExemptions and verification\nExemptions include certain short transit passengers, very young children, and some official or forced departures. Because rates, exemptions, and collection details can change, verify the current rules for your travel date — this is exactly the kind of temporary measure that should be re-checked before you rely on it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/international-tourist-tax-and-departure-charges","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-tourist-tax","publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency (MLIT)","title":"International Tourist Tax (国際観光旅客税)","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/shisaku/kokusai/kokusaikankokyaku.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant:en","entityId":"guide:when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"When to hire a tax accountant","plainText":"Hire a licensed tax accountant (税理士) when your situation is fact-heavy or high-risk: uncertain residency, income or assets in more than one country, a first consumption-tax or invoice decision, a property sale, an inheritance or large gift, a tax notice or audit, late years, or missing records.\nResidence uncertainty, cross-border income, consumption tax, property sales, inheritance, and notices.\nResidency, treaty, or non-permanent-resident uncertainty.\nIncome or assets in more than one country; foreign trusts/entities/pensions.\nA first consumption-tax or qualified-invoice decision; incorporation.\nA property sale, inheritance, large gift, tax notice, audit, or late years.\nClear escalation triggers\nGet a 税理士 promptly when residence, domicile, non-permanent-resident status, or treaty residence is uncertain; when income or assets exist in more than one country; when a foreign company, trust, pension, or insurance wrapper is involved; when equity compensation spans countries; when you may face exit tax; when you own inherited or long-held property without complete cost records; when approaching consumption-tax registration or the invoice decision; or when paying family members or incorporating.\nNotices, disputes, and missing records\nAlso escalate when there is an inheritance, substantial gift, business succession, or nonresident heir; when returns are late, records are incomplete, or income was omitted; when the NTA or a municipality has issued an inquiry, correction, audit notice, assessment, demand, or seizure warning; or when Japanese-language limits prevent you from understanding declarations signed under your name. Verify a practitioner is an actively registered 税理士 before engaging.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan","guide:japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"zeirishi-dot-com","publisher":"Bengo4.com / 税理士ドットコム","title":"Zeirishi.com tax-accountant directory","url":"https://www.zeiri4.com/","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Types of financial and legal professionals in Japan","plainText":"Japan’s professions have distinct, non-interchangeable scopes: a tax accountant (税理士) gives regulated tax advice; a 社労士 handles labor/social insurance; a 司法書士 handles registrations; a 行政書士 handles administrative filings; a lawyer handles disputes; and a US CPA/EA handles US obligations.\nTax accountant, labor/social-security attorney, judicial scrivener, administrative scrivener, lawyer, and planner.\n税理士 (tax accountant): regulated tax advice and representation.\n社会保険労務士: employment and social-insurance matters.\n司法書士: many registrations; 行政書士: specified administrative filings.\nLawyer: legal disputes; US CPA/EA/attorney: US obligations.\nWho does what\nA licensed tax accountant (税理士) is the only professional who can provide regulated tax advice and represent you before the tax authorities. A labor and social-security attorney (社会保険労務士) handles employment and social-insurance matters; a judicial scrivener (司法書士) handles many registrations (including property title); an administrative scrivener (行政書士) handles specified administrative filings; and an attorney (弁護士) handles legal disputes. A financial planner advises on planning but is not a tax agent.\nCoordinating and verifying\nBecause scopes are not interchangeable, a complex matter may need several professionals — for example, a property sale by a US person could involve a 税理士, a 司法書士 for registration, and a US CPA/EA. Bookkeepers, software support staff, and translators cannot perform regulated tax-accountant work. Always verify active registration and confirm scope, fees, language, and data handling before engaging.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant","guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"zeirishi-dot-com","publisher":"Bengo4.com / 税理士ドットコム","title":"Zeirishi.com tax-accountant directory","url":"https://www.zeiri4.com/","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-start-investing-japan:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to start investing in Japan","plainText":"Build an emergency fund and clear expensive debt first, then open a NISA at a low-cost broker, buy one diversified low-cost index fund, and automate a monthly amount you can sustain.\nA step-by-step order of operations: build a financial base, open the right account, choose one low-cost fund, and automate it.\nInvesting comes after liquid savings and high-interest debt repayment, not before.\nFor most residents, NISA is the first account to fund; iDeCo suits locked-in retirement money.\nA single global index fund diversifies across thousands of companies with almost no maintenance.\nA sustainable ¥5,000/month beats ¥100,000/month that you are forced to stop and sell.\nAutomate the purchase so investing no longer needs a monthly decision.\nStep 1–3: Prepare before you invest\nBefore buying anything, secure enough liquid cash for foreseeable expenses and emergencies, and repay expensive consumer debt such as card revolving balances. A market decline should never force you to sell investments to pay ordinary bills. A simple completion test: could you cover several months of essential spending without touching a brokerage account?\nNext, check whether your employer offers matching contributions or an unusually attractive corporate pension. Employer money you would otherwise forfeit generally beats starting your own account first. Only then move to your own tax-advantaged account.\nStep 4–5: Choose your account and broker\nFor most residents the first account is NISA, Japan’s tax-free investment wrapper: qualifying gains and dividends are exempt from Japanese tax, with a ¥1.2m recurring allowance plus a ¥2.4m growth allowance each year and an ¥18m lifetime limit. iDeCo suits money you can lock until retirement in exchange for an up-front income-tax deduction. A taxable \"specified account\" holds anything beyond those limits.\nChoose a broker on total cost, product range, tax-account support, language, and departure policy — not on the lowest headline commission or a temporary point rate. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui are common first comparisons for a self-directed resident; Interactive Brokers Japan has the clearest verified end-to-end English.\nStep 6–8: Buy one fund and automate it\nA strong default for a long horizon is a single broadly diversified, low-cost global-equity index fund, optionally combined with cash or bonds according to how much loss you can tolerate. This is not because global equities are guaranteed to win, but because one fund spreads across many countries and companies with little maintenance.\nPlace a modest first purchase so you understand how fund orders, net asset value, and settlement work, then enable a recurring monthly purchase. Recurring investing is a budgeting and behavioural tool — it does not prevent loss, but it removes the monthly decision and reduces the temptation to time the market.\nStep 9: Maintain lightly\nReview the whole portfolio once or twice a year and after major life events, not after every headline. Rebalance toward your target weights using new contributions where possible, keep annual transaction reports for tax, and revisit the plan when income, family, or residency changes. The aim is a plan you can hold through a severe decline, not one you constantly adjust.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/how-to-start-investing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:saving-vs-investing","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:investment-risk-explained"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:saving-vs-investing:en","entityId":"guide:saving-vs-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saving vs investing in Japan","plainText":"Save money you may need soon in cash or deposits; invest only money you will not need for years and can watch fluctuate. Matching each goal to a time horizon is the core decision.\nWhen cash, time deposits, and JGBs are the right tool, and when investing for growth makes sense.\nSaving prioritises stability and instant access; investing accepts uncertainty for potential growth.\nCash has no nominal loss but can lose purchasing power when prices rise faster than interest.\nShort-term goals (under ~3 years) belong in cash or short deposits, not markets.\nBank deposits are insured up to ¥10m of principal per bank; foreign-currency deposits usually are not.\nDo not invest your emergency fund — it needs to be reliable, not high-returning.\nThe cash-to-investment spectrum\nMoney sits on a spectrum from most liquid and stable to least. Ordinary deposits give instant access and stability but little return. Time deposits fix a rate for a term, adding predictability at the cost of early-withdrawal restrictions. Retail Japanese Government Bonds (JGBs) offer government-backed principal, a ¥10,000 minimum, monthly issuance, and a minimum-rate provision, but low expected return and an early-redemption adjustment. Investments — shares, funds, bonds beyond JGBs, and property securities — offer higher expected return but fluctuating value and no principal guarantee.\nThe right tool is not the highest return; it is the one that matches when you will need the money and how much fluctuation you can tolerate along the way.\nWhy \"no nominal loss\" is not \"no risk\"\nCash feels safe because its yen number does not fall. But if prices rise 2% while your deposit earns near 0%, the same yen buys less next year — a real loss in purchasing power even though the balance is unchanged. This inflation risk is the main argument for investing money with a long horizon, where growth assets have historically outpaced cash over long periods (without any guarantee they will continue to).\nThe mirror-image mistake is investing money you will need soon: a temporary market decline can force a sale at a bad price. Both errors come from mismatching money to its time horizon.\nMatching money to goals — an example\nA house deposit needed in three years generally stays in cash or short-duration safe assets, because a 30% equity fall just before purchase would be devastating. Retirement money needed in thirty years can tolerate equity volatility, because there is time to recover. A single allocation for every goal is a common mistake: separate your emergency fund, near-term goals, and long-term goals, and use a different tool for each.\nA practical split: keep several months of expenses plus any goal due within about three years in deposits; invest only the surplus you will not touch for years.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/saving-vs-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:investment-risk-explained","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared"]},"sources":[{"id":"dic-deposit-insurance","publisher":"Deposit Insurance Corporation of Japan","title":"Deposit insurance system","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mof-jgb-individual","publisher":"Ministry of Finance","title":"JGBs for retail investors (kojin-muke kokusai)","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/jgbs/individual/kojinmuke/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-risk-explained:en","entityId":"guide:investment-risk-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investment risk explained","plainText":"Risk is not one thing: volatility is temporary fluctuation, while permanent loss is different. The practical question is whether you could hold a plan while a ¥10m portfolio temporarily fell to ¥6m.\nVolatility vs permanent loss, the main types of risk, and how to translate a stock allocation into a possible yen loss.\nVolatility (temporary price swings) is not the same as permanent loss of capital.\nSeparate risk capacity (ability to lose), tolerance (willingness), and need (return required).\nConstrain a portfolio by the lowest of capacity, tolerance, and need.\nA 100%-equity portfolio can fall ~50% in a severe market; a 60% equity mix falls roughly ~30%.\nA 30% fall requires a ~43% gain to recover — losses and recoveries are asymmetric.\nThe main types of risk\nMarket risk is the broad rise and fall of prices. Company (specific) risk is a single issuer failing — diversification reduces it. Credit risk is a borrower defaulting. Liquidity risk is being unable to sell at a fair price when you need cash. Currency risk is exchange-rate movement changing the yen value of foreign assets. Inflation risk is purchasing power eroding even without a nominal loss.\nA crucial distinction: volatility is a temporary change in value that may reverse, while permanent loss (a bankruptcy, or selling at the bottom) is not recoverable. Diversification and time address volatility far better than they address a permanent, concentrated bet that fails.\nCapacity, tolerance, and need\nThree separate ideas govern how much risk to take. Risk capacity is your financial ability to withstand loss — a young worker with secure income has high capacity; a retiree drawing down has low capacity. Risk tolerance is your emotional willingness to endure a fall without abandoning the plan. Risk need is the return your goal actually requires.\nA portfolio should normally be constrained by the lowest of the three. Someone with high capacity but low tolerance who sells in every crash is effectively a low-tolerance investor, and should size equities accordingly.\nTranslating allocation into a yen loss\nLabels like \"moderate\" or \"aggressive\" are less useful than a concrete calculation. Assuming equities fall 50% in a severe market (before bond or currency effects), the approximate portfolio decline is: 20% equity → about −10%; 40% equity → about −20%; 60% equity → about −30%; 80% equity → about −40%; 100% equity → about −50%.\nNow make it personal. Would a ¥10m portfolio temporarily falling to ¥6m (a 60% equity mix) cause you to abandon the plan and sell? Recoveries are asymmetric too: a 30% fall needs a ~43% gain to return to breakeven, and a 50% fall needs a 100% gain. If the honest answer is \"I would sell,\" reduce the equity share until the modelled loss is one you could hold through.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investment-risk-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:saving-vs-investing","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jipf-protection","publisher":"Japan Investor Protection Fund","title":"Japan Investor Protection Fund","url":"https://jipf.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:diversification-asset-allocation:en","entityId":"guide:diversification-asset-allocation","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Diversification and asset allocation","plainText":"Diversification spreads exposure across many companies, sectors, countries, and asset classes so no single failure sinks you; your stock/bond/cash split (asset allocation) is usually a bigger decision than which similar index fund you choose.\nHow spreading risk across companies, countries, currencies, and asset classes works, and why allocation matters more than fund picking.\nDiversify across companies, sectors, countries, currencies, and asset classes.\nAsset allocation (the stock/bond/cash mix) usually drives risk more than fund selection.\nA single global equity index fund already diversifies across thousands of companies.\nHome-country bias overweights Japan and its single-currency, export-heavy economy.\nDiversification reduces company-specific risk but cannot remove market-wide losses.\nThe dimensions of diversification\nDiversification means not depending on any single outcome. Across companies and sectors, it protects you if one firm or industry fails. Across countries, it reduces dependence on one economy or political system. Across currencies, it means your wealth is not tied only to the yen. Across asset classes — equities, bonds, cash, and REITs — it blends holdings that do not all fall together.\nA broad global equity index fund handles the company, sector, and country dimensions in one purchase. Adding bonds or cash addresses the asset-class dimension and lowers overall volatility.\nAllocation is the bigger decision\nThe split among stocks, bonds, and cash is usually a larger risk decision than choosing between two similar index funds. Moving from 100% equities to 60% equities changes your severe-market loss from roughly −50% to roughly −30% — a far bigger effect than a 0.05% difference in fund fees. Decide your allocation first, based on time horizon and how much loss you can hold through, then choose low-cost funds to implement it.\nThree illustrative profiles: a conservative investor might hold more bonds and cash and a minority in equities; a balanced investor a roughly even growth/stability split; a growth investor mostly equities. None is universally correct — the right one is the one you can keep during a crash.\nHome-country bias and its limits\nIt is natural to over-invest in what is familiar. A Japan-only portfolio concentrates you in one country, a single-currency environment, and an economy heavy in industrials, financials, and exporters. A modest Japan tilt can make sense if your future spending is in yen, but a global core spreads risk across many economies and sectors.\nFinally, remember diversification’s limit: in a crisis, correlations rise and most assets can fall together. Diversification reduces the risk of any one holding wrecking your plan; it does not promise a positive year.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/diversification-asset-allocation","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investment-risk-explained","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compound-growth:en","entityId":"guide:compound-growth","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Compound growth explained","plainText":"Compounding means returns generate further returns, so time and consistent contributions matter enormously — but fees, taxes, and inflation quietly reduce the real result.\nHow returns build on returns, the difference between contributions and growth, and why fees, taxes, and inflation matter.\nCompounding rewards time in the market more than the size of any single contribution.\nEarly on, your contributions dominate; over decades, growth can exceed contributions.\nNominal returns ignore inflation; real (after-inflation) returns are what buy things.\nA 1% annual fee on ¥10m is ~¥100,000 a year before compounding — costs compound too.\nThese are deterministic illustrations, not forecasts; real returns are irregular.\nHow compounding works\nWhen an investment earns a return and you keep it invested, next period’s return is calculated on the larger balance. Repeated over years, this snowballs. A one-time ¥1,000,000 invested and left to compound annually would grow to roughly: at 3%, about ¥1.34m after 10 years, ¥1.81m after 20, and ¥2.43m after 30; at 5%, about ¥1.63m / ¥2.65m / ¥4.32m; at 7%, about ¥1.97m / ¥3.87m / ¥7.61m.\nThe pattern is that higher assumed returns and longer periods both matter, and the later years contribute disproportionately — which is why starting earlier, even with small amounts, is powerful.\nContributions vs investment growth\nMonthly investing shows the same effect. At an assumed 5% annual return compounded monthly, investing ¥30,000 at each month-end would produce roughly ¥4.66m after 10 years, ¥12.33m after 20, and ¥24.97m after 30. Your own contributions over those periods total ¥3.6m, ¥7.2m, and ¥10.8m — so in the early years most of the balance is your own money, but by year 30 investment growth exceeds everything you paid in.\nThis is why persistence beats intensity: continuing a modest amount for decades lets growth do the heavy lifting, whereas stopping and restarting resets the clock.\nFees, taxes, and inflation\nCompounding cuts both ways. A 1% annual fee on a ¥10m portfolio is about ¥100,000 in the first year, but because that money is no longer invested, the drag compounds over decades into a much larger sum. This is the core case for low-cost index funds and for tax-free wrappers like NISA, where qualifying gains escape the usual 20.315% Japanese tax.\nFinally, distinguish nominal from real returns. A 5% nominal return with 2% inflation is only about 3% in real purchasing power. When planning, label your return as an assumption, and consider the real figure — the one that actually determines what your money can buy.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/compound-growth","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing:en","entityId":"guide:lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Lump sum vs monthly investing","plainText":"Investing a lump sum maximises time in the market and is coherent if you already have the money and a long horizon; staging it over months reduces regret and entry-date concentration but leaves money uninvested. Recurring investing is mainly a budgeting and behavioural tool, not loss protection.\nWhen investing a lump sum makes sense, what dollar-cost averaging really does, and a practical decision framework.\nA lump sum invested now maximises exposure and is economically coherent for long horizons.\nStaging entry over 6–12 months reduces behavioural regret and single-date concentration.\nDollar-cost averaging buys more units when prices are low and fewer when high — but loss is still possible.\nRecurring investing is a budgeting/behaviour tool, not a mechanism that prevents loss.\nThe right choice depends on the money you have, your horizon, and your reaction to an early fall.\nThe case for a lump sum\nIf you already hold the money, have a long horizon, and can tolerate an immediate decline, investing it all at once is economically coherent: markets rise more often than they fall over long periods, so more time invested tends to help. The risk is timing — investing everything just before a large drop feels terrible, even if it is the right long-run decision.\nA lump sum is most appropriate for money that is genuinely surplus and long-term. It is not appropriate for cash you may need soon, which belongs in deposits regardless of this debate.\nStaging and dollar-cost averaging\nSpreading a lump sum over six or twelve months reduces the chance of putting everything in at a single bad price and softens regret, at the cost of leaving part of the money uninvested (and historically often underperforming an immediate lump sum, because markets rise more than they fall). Dollar-cost averaging — investing a fixed yen amount repeatedly — automatically buys more units when prices are low and fewer when high, but it does not remove the possibility of loss.\nThe key correction to a common myth: recurring investing does not \"reduce risk\" in the sense of preventing losses. Its real value is behavioural and practical — it turns investing into a habit and removes the pressure to predict the perfect entry point.\nA practical decision framework\nUse this framework. For a windfall you already hold (bonus, inheritance) that is truly long-term: a lump sum is defensible, but staging over a few months is a reasonable compromise if a sharp early fall would make you sell. For money arriving each month from salary: recurring investing is the natural fit — you invest as you earn.\nExample: with ¥1,000,000 to invest and a 20-year horizon, a lump sum or a 6-month stage-in are both reasonable; investing ¥30,000 from each monthly salary is simply the ongoing habit. Pick the option you can actually stick to through a downturn.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:compound-growth","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:investment-risk-explained"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:active-vs-passive-investing:en","entityId":"guide:active-vs-passive-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Active vs passive investing","plainText":"Passive index funds track a market at very low cost; active funds try to beat it but charge more and often underperform after fees. Most beginners use low-cost index funds as a core, adding anything active only as a deliberate satellite.\nIndex funds vs active management vs individual stock picking, and why costs and turnover matter for long-term results.\nIndex (passive) funds aim to match a benchmark at very low cost.\nActive funds aim to beat a benchmark but charge higher fees and trade more.\nAfter fees and turnover, many active funds underperform their benchmark over long periods.\nIndividual stock picking concentrates risk and demands research most beginners cannot sustain.\nA core-and-satellite approach keeps a low-cost index core and limits active bets to a small sleeve.\nIndex, active, and stock picking\nA passive index fund seeks to track a published benchmark — for example a global or S&P 500 index — holding the index’s constituents so your return closely matches the market minus a small fee. An active fund employs managers who select securities to try to beat a benchmark. Individual stock picking is doing that selection yourself.\nThe trade-off is cost and dispersion of outcomes. Index funds are cheap and predictable relative to their benchmark; active strategies carry higher fees, higher turnover, and a wide range of possible results — some beat the market, many do not.\nWhy costs and turnover matter\nFees compound against you. A fund charging 1.5% versus 0.1% surrenders about 1.4% of your balance every year, which over decades can consume a large fraction of your growth. High turnover also generates trading costs and, outside NISA, taxable events. Because the average active fund holds roughly the market before costs, subtracting higher fees is why many underperform their benchmark over long horizons.\nThis is not a claim that active management can never work — some funds do beat their index — but that identifying them in advance is hard, and the cost drag is a reliable headwind. For a core holding, a transparent low-cost index fund is the simpler, cheaper default.\nWhen active may make sense — core and satellite\nActive choices can be reasonable as a deliberate, limited \"satellite\" — for exposures an index does not capture, or a strategy you understand and want. The discipline is to keep the bulk of the portfolio in a low-cost index \"core\" and cap the active or single-stock sleeve at a size whose failure you could absorb.\nThe most common beginner mistake is the reverse: selecting funds by last year’s return and ending up with a scattered collection of overlapping, expensive, actively chosen products. Decide the core first; treat everything else as an intentional exception.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/active-vs-passive-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:what-is-nisa"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:currency-risk-yen:en","entityId":"guide:currency-risk-yen","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"The yen and currency risk","plainText":"A foreign asset held by a yen investor moves with both its own price and the yen exchange rate: a weaker yen lifts the yen value of foreign holdings, a stronger yen lowers it — so global funds carry currency risk on top of market risk.\nHow foreign assets move with both their price and the exchange rate in yen terms, and how a weak or strong yen changes your returns.\nYen return on a foreign asset = asset price change combined with exchange-rate change.\nA weaker yen raises the yen value of unhedged foreign assets; a stronger yen reduces it.\nA yen-listed ETF can still carry underlying foreign-currency exposure.\nCurrency diversification can be a feature (spreading beyond the yen), not only a risk.\nFX spreads on conversions and unhedged funds are a real, recurring cost to check.\nTwo forces move a foreign asset\nWhen a yen-based investor owns a foreign asset — say a US stock fund — the yen value depends on two things: how the asset performs in its own currency, and how the yen moves against that currency. Both can push the same way or offset each other. A US fund could rise in dollars while a strengthening yen erases the gain in yen terms, or a weak yen could add to a dollar gain.\nThis is why \"unhedged\" global funds are described as giving exposure to foreign assets plus exchange-rate movement. It is not a flaw — it is simply an extra source of return and risk you should understand before buying.\nWeak-yen and strong-yen scenarios\nConsider a foreign holding worth the equivalent of ¥1,000,000. If the asset price is flat but the yen weakens 10% against that currency, the yen value rises to about ¥1,100,000; if the yen strengthens 10%, it falls to about ¥900,000 — all before any change in the asset itself. Over the past several years a notably weak yen flattered the yen returns of unhedged foreign funds; a future reversal would work the other way.\nA subtle but common confusion: a fund or ETF that trades in yen on a Japanese exchange can still hold foreign-currency assets underneath. Trading currency is not the same as underlying economic currency exposure — check what the fund actually holds, not just how it is quoted.\nManaging currency exposure and cost\nYou have choices. Holding unhedged global assets gives currency diversification, which many long-horizon equity investors deliberately keep so their wealth is not tied only to the yen. A currency-hedged fund reduces exchange-rate movement but adds cost. Some investors match currency to future spending: if you will retire and spend in yen, a yen tilt or partial hedging can reduce mismatch.\nWhatever you choose, count the costs. Converting yen to a foreign currency incurs an FX spread, and unhedged funds pass currency swings straight through. Compare a broker’s advertised conversion terms and a fund’s hedging policy before assuming \"zero-commission\" means \"zero cost.\"","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/currency-risk-yen","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:currency-hedged-vs-unhedged:en","entityId":"guide:currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Currency-hedged vs unhedged funds","plainText":"A hedged fund uses derivatives to reduce exchange-rate movement, at a cost tied to interest-rate differences; hedging is often more compelling for lower-volatility foreign bonds than for long-horizon equities, where many investors keep currency diversification.\nHow hedging works, what it costs, and why hedging often suits foreign bonds more than long-horizon equities.\nHedging aims to strip out exchange-rate movement so returns track the asset in yen terms.\nHedging is not free: its cost depends largely on interest-rate differentials and implementation.\nFor foreign bonds, currency swings can dominate returns, so hedging often makes sense.\nFor long-horizon equities, some investors deliberately keep unhedged currency diversification.\nRead the fund name and policy carefully — hedged and unhedged versions often share a brand.\nHow hedging works\nAn unhedged foreign fund gives you the asset plus the exchange rate. A currency-hedged fund uses forward contracts or similar arrangements to offset most of the exchange-rate movement, so your yen return more closely reflects the asset’s performance in its own currency. The hedge is never perfect and it is not permanent — it is rolled over periodically.\nCrucially, hedging has a cost that is not a fixed fee. It depends significantly on the interest-rate differential between the yen and the foreign currency: when foreign short-term rates are much higher than Japan’s, hedging that currency tends to be more expensive. This cost is separate from, and additional to, the fund’s expense ratio.\nBonds vs equities\nThe case for hedging is strongest where currency swings can overwhelm the asset’s own return. Foreign bonds are the classic example: their expected returns are modest, so a large exchange-rate move can dominate the result. If your reason for holding foreign bonds is yen stability, an unhedged version can defeat the purpose, and a hedged version is often more consistent with the goal.\nFor equities held over decades, the picture differs. Equity returns are large and volatile enough that currency is a smaller share of total risk, and many long-horizon investors deliberately retain unhedged foreign currency as diversification — a hedge against the yen itself weakening over their lifetime. Neither choice is universally right.\nReading a fund’s hedging policy\nMany fund families offer both a hedged (為替ヘッジあり) and an unhedged (為替ヘッジなし) version of the same strategy under nearly identical names. Before buying, confirm which version you are holding, read the stated hedging policy in the prospectus, and note that the hedge ratio and cost can change.\nA simple yen-return illustration: if a foreign bond returns 3% in its currency and the yen weakens 5%, the unhedged yen return is roughly 8%, while a hedged version aims for about 3% minus hedging cost; if the yen strengthens 5% instead, unhedged is roughly −2% while hedged still targets about 3% minus cost. Same asset, very different yen outcomes.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:currency-risk-yen","guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:active-vs-passive-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared:en","entityId":"guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investment accounts in Japan compared","plainText":"NISA shelters qualifying gains from Japanese tax; taxable \"specified\" and \"general\" accounts hold everything else with different reporting; iDeCo and corporate pensions lock money for retirement in exchange for tax benefits. Most of these can be held at the same time.\nNISA, specified and general taxable accounts, iDeCo, corporate pensions, deposits, JGBs, and how they can combine.\nNISA: tax-free qualifying gains, ¥3.6m/year, ¥18m lifetime — usually the first account to fund.\nSpecified account with withholding: broker calculates and withholds tax; often no filing needed.\nSpecified account without withholding / general account: you file, with rising recordkeeping burden.\niDeCo: contributions generally deductible, but money is locked until retirement age.\nNISA can coexist with taxable accounts, iDeCo, corporate pensions, deposits, and JGBs.\nNISA and taxable accounts\nNISA is a tax wrapper: qualifying gains, dividends, and distributions are exempt from Japanese tax, with a ¥1.2m recurring allowance plus ¥2.4m growth allowance each year and an ¥18m lifetime acquisition-cost limit. Its trade-off is that NISA losses cannot offset taxable gains or be carried forward, and the product menu is limited.\nTaxable accounts come in three forms. A specified account with withholding (特定口座・源泉徴収あり) has the broker calculate gains and withhold Japanese tax, so a return is often unnecessary. A specified account without withholding gives you an annual report but you normally file yourself. A general account (一般口座) requires you to calculate acquisition cost and taxable gain — the highest recordkeeping burden, used for assets the specified account cannot hold.\niDeCo, corporate pensions, and deposits\niDeCo is a private defined-contribution pension: contributions are generally fully deductible from income, growth is tax-deferred, and retirement or pension deductions may apply on receipt — but the money is generally locked until eligible retirement age, minimum contributions are normally ¥5,000/month, and limits depend on employment and employer-pension coverage. Corporate DC and defined-benefit plans add employer funding and payroll integration, with employer-selected menus and withdrawal restrictions. (Scheduled changes from December 2026 broaden some iDeCo limits — verify current figures when enrolling.)\nAlongside these sit cash tools: ordinary and time deposits (insured up to ¥10m principal per bank), retail JGBs (government-backed, ¥10,000 minimum, monthly issue, early-redemption adjustment), and foreign-brokerage or robo-advisor accounts. Each has a role; none replaces an emergency fund.\nWhich accounts can combine\nMost of these coexist. A common structure is: an emergency fund in deposits; NISA funded first for flexible tax-free growth; iDeCo added when the contribution deduction is valuable and lock-up acceptable; and a taxable specified account for anything beyond NISA limits, ineligible assets, loss-sensitive strategies, or active trading. NISA itself must be held at one eligible Japanese institution.\nThink in terms of asset location: put assets you expect to grow long-term inside NISA to use the tax-free space efficiently, and place overflow, ineligible, or loss-harvesting positions in the taxable account where loss offsets are available.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investment-accounts-japan-compared","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:saving-vs-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"nta-tokutei-account","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Specified accounts (tokutei kōza) and reporting","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1476.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mof-jgb-individual","publisher":"Ministry of Finance","title":"JGBs for retail investors (kojin-muke kokusai)","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/jgbs/individual/kojinmuke/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"dic-deposit-insurance","publisher":"Deposit Insurance Corporation of Japan","title":"Deposit insurance system","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-investments-japan:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes on investments in Japan","plainText":"Gains and qualifying dividends on listed securities are generally taxed at 20.315% in a taxable account; a specified account with withholding settles this automatically, losses can offset gains and carry forward three years, and NISA exempts qualifying returns entirely.\nThe 20.315% rate on gains and dividends, how specified accounts work, loss carryforward, NISA exemptions, and foreign income.\nListed-securities gains and qualifying dividends are generally taxed at 20.315%.\nA specified account with withholding usually removes the need to file for those trades.\nTaxable losses can offset eligible gains/dividends and carry forward three years if you file.\nNISA exempts qualifying gains and dividends, but NISA losses give no deduction.\nForeign dividends can face source-country withholding even inside NISA; foreign tax credits need filing.\nThe rate and how accounts handle it\nIn a taxable securities account, gains on listed shares and funds and qualifying dividends are generally taxed at 20.315% (income tax, special reconstruction surtax, and local tax combined). How you pay depends on the account. A specified account with withholding (特定口座・源泉徴収あり) has the broker calculate and withhold the tax at source, so a tax return is often unnecessary for those transactions. A specified account without withholding gives you an annual transaction report to file with. A general account requires you to calculate acquisition cost and gain yourself.\nNISA sits outside this: qualifying gains, dividends, and distributions are exempt from the 20.315% Japanese tax, which is the wrapper’s central benefit.\nLosses, offsets, and carryforward\nIn taxable accounts, qualifying listed-security losses can be offset against eligible gains and dividends, and — when the required tax returns are filed — carried forward for up to three years to offset future gains. This loss relief is a genuine advantage of taxable accounts that NISA does not provide: a loss realised inside NISA gives no deduction and cannot be carried forward, so you cannot tax-loss harvest in NISA.\nIf you use multiple brokers or a general account, keeping your own acquisition-cost records matters, because offsets and carryforward depend on correct, filed figures across accounts.\nForeign income and when to file\nForeign dividends and gains can face source-country withholding in addition to Japanese tax outside NISA. For example, a US dividend may have US withholding even when received in NISA — NISA removes the Japanese tax, not the foreign one. Foreign tax credits may relieve some double taxation, but they generally require filing a Japanese return. A withholding account does not automatically solve foreign or cross-border obligations.\nEven if qualifying NISA returns need no return, other income, foreign obligations, or a wish to claim loss offsets can require filing. Declared investment income can also interact with social-insurance or dependent calculations in some cases. Keep annual transaction reports and dividend statements, and get individual advice where cross-border tax is involved.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/taxes-on-investments-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:what-is-nisa","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:compound-growth"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-share-transfer","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of gains on transfer of listed shares","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-listed-dividends","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of dividends from listed shares","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-loss-carryforward","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Offsetting and three-year carryforward of listed-share losses","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1474.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-tokutei-account","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Specified accounts (tokutei kōza) and reporting","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1476.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-as-foreign-resident:en","entityId":"guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing in Japan as a foreign resident","plainText":"A foreign national resident in Japan can generally open a brokerage account and NISA — eligibility is residence-based, not nationality-based — subject to each broker’s document, visa, and product policies; but Japanese eligibility never replaces home-country reporting.\nResidency vs nationality, opening a brokerage and NISA, documents, name matching, language, leaving Japan, and home-country obligations.\nNISA eligibility is residence-based: a qualifying Japan resident can open it regardless of nationality.\nYou generally need a residence card, My Number, and a matching Japanese bank account.\nKeep your Roman, katakana, and document names consistent to avoid rejection or failed linkage.\nConfirm English support at each stage you need it: opening, trading, tax docs, incidents, departure.\nGet the broker’s written departure procedure before leaving Japan; NISA generally cannot continue abroad.\nResidency, not nationality\nNISA and Japanese brokerage eligibility turn on being a resident, not on holding Japanese nationality. A qualifying foreign national living in Japan can open a taxable account and NISA, subject to the institution’s identity, visa, residence-card, tax-residency, sanctions, and product policies. Dual nationality by itself does not disqualify a resident, though another country may still tax the income or require reporting.\nBroker policies can be stricter than the tax statute. Some accept residence-card documentation fully online; others require postal processing for foreign nationals. Certain nationalities, sanctioned-country connections, or politically exposed status can trigger enhanced review or rejection, and these matrices are rarely published in full.\nOpening: documents and name matching\nTypical requirements are a Japan-resident address; identity evidence such as a My Number Card, residence card, driver’s licence, or passport in an accepted combination; My Number evidence; Japanese and foreign tax-residency declarations; a linked Japanese bank account in your name; and employment, insider, and source-of-funds information.\nThe single most common practical failure is name mismatch. Your Roman-letter name, katakana rendering, bank record, card, and residence card should match. Middle names, shortened forms, and different orderings across documents can cause rejection or a failed bank linkage. Also check that your residence card has enough remaining validity, since short validity can delay or prevent opening.\nLanguage, departure, and home-country tax\nConfirm English support at the exact stage you need it — opening, trading, tax documents, security incidents, and departure — not just on a marketing page. Among providers verified in the research, Interactive Brokers Japan has the strongest confirmed end-to-end English; browser translation of a Japanese broker may work technically, but the legally controlling documents and support can remain Japanese.\nBefore leaving Japan, obtain the broker’s written departure procedure. NISA generally cannot continue after you become non-resident except in specific qualifying temporary-departure cases filed in advance, and even taxable accounts may or may not be maintained depending on the broker and destination. Finally, remember that Japanese eligibility does not replace home-country reporting — citizenship-based taxation, treaty rules, or foreign-asset reporting may apply elsewhere.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investing-as-foreign-resident","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:what-is-nisa","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan:en","entityId":"guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing in Japan as a US citizen or taxpayer","plainText":"US citizens and resident aliens are taxed on worldwide income, so NISA gives no US exemption, and popular Japanese mutual funds can trigger punitive PFIC rules and Form 8621; NISA and brokerage accounts may also be reportable on FBAR and Form 8938. Get cross-border advice before buying a Japanese fund.\nWhy NISA is not a US exemption, the PFIC problem with Japanese funds, FBAR and Form 8938, and a practical order of operations.\nThe US taxes citizens and green-card holders on worldwide income, even while resident in Japan.\nNISA is a Japanese statutory exemption, not a provision of the US tax code — no automatic US exemption.\nJapanese mutual funds can be PFICs, potentially requiring a Form 8621 per fund and punitive taxation.\nFBAR is required when aggregate foreign accounts exceed US$10,000; Form 8938 is separate with its own thresholds.\nMany US persons find US-domiciled ETFs simpler than Japanese funds — but only after individual advice.\nWorldwide taxation and NISA\nA US citizen or resident alien generally reports worldwide income to the United States even while living in Japan. NISA is a Japanese statutory exemption, not a provision of the US Internal Revenue Code, so dividends, gains, and distributions inside NISA can still be reportable and taxable in the US. US reporting can apply whether or not you withdraw the money, and the foreign earned income exclusion generally covers earned income, not ordinary investment income.\nThis does not automatically make NISA worthless for a US person — it can still remove Japanese tax — but its US treatment depends heavily on what you hold inside it, which is where the real complications begin.\nThe PFIC problem with Japanese funds\nA Japanese-domiciled mutual fund can be a Passive Foreign Investment Company (PFIC) because it is a foreign corporation earning mostly passive income or holding passive assets. A US shareholder may need a separate Form 8621 for each such fund, and punitive \"excess distribution\" taxation or complex elections can apply. Not every foreign investment is a PFIC — operating-company shares generally are not — but popular Japanese index funds should be presumed to require analysis rather than presumed safe.\nA Japan-listed ETF has no universal answer either; many non-US fund vehicles warrant PFIC analysis. The practical consequence is that buying a low-cost Japanese mutual fund — the standard beginner move — can be exactly the wrong first step for a US person without advice.\nFBAR, Form 8938, and an order of operations\nTwo reporting regimes commonly apply. FBAR (FinCEN Report 114) is required when a US person’s aggregate foreign financial accounts exceed US$10,000 at any time in the year; Japanese bank, brokerage, and certain fund accounts, including NISA, can count. Form 8938 is a separate FATCA filing with different thresholds and definitions — filing one does not replace the other, and filing does not by itself mean tax is due.\nA practical US-person hierarchy: (1) confirm the broker accepts US persons — some, such as Rakuten, restrict foreign-stock trading for them; (2) do not buy a Japanese mutual fund until PFIC treatment is reviewed; (3) consider whether permitted US-domiciled ETFs or individual securities are simpler and appropriate; (4) review Japan tax, US tax, foreign tax credits, withholding, FBAR, Form 8938, estate tax, and state residence; (5) keep statements in both yen and US-dollar terms. The safest first step is a cross-border product and reporting review before buying anything.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/us-taxpayers-investing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:what-is-nisa","guide:currency-risk-yen"]},"sources":[{"id":"irs-pfic-8621","publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","title":"About Form 8621 (PFIC information return)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-8621","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"irs-form-8938","publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","title":"Form 8938: Statement of Specified Foreign Financial Assets","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations/do-i-need-to-file-form-8938-statement-of-specified-foreign-financial-assets","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fincen-fbar","publisher":"Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN)","title":"Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts (FBAR)","url":"https://www.fincen.gov/report-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-complete-guide:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-complete-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA: the complete guide","plainText":"NISA is a Japanese tax wrapper — not a product or a guarantee — that exempts qualifying gains and dividends from Japanese tax, with a ¥1.2m recurring plus ¥2.4m growth allowance each year and an ¥18m lifetime acquisition-cost limit.\nWhat NISA is and is not, eligibility, both allowances, limits, eligible products, tax treatment, selling and reuse, dividends, and leaving Japan.\nNISA is a tax wrapper, not an investment; what you hold inside determines your risk.\nA Japan resident aged 18+ on January 1 may use one NISA institution per year.\nAnnual: ¥1.2m recurring + ¥2.4m growth (¥3.6m combined). Lifetime: ¥18m acquisition cost (¥12m growth sub-limit).\nQualifying gains and dividends are tax-free indefinitely; NISA losses give no deduction and no carryforward.\nSelling restores lifetime capacity (at acquisition cost) from the next year — but not that year’s used annual allowance.\nWhat NISA is and is not\nNISA (Nippon Individual Savings Account) is a statutory tax-exempt wrapper administered under FSA rules. It is not an investment product, not a savings account, and not a return guarantee — investments held inside it can and do lose money. Its single benefit is that qualifying gains, dividends, and distributions are exempt from the usual 20.315% Japanese tax, with an indefinite tax-free holding period.\nEligibility is residence-based: a Japan resident (or qualifying resident with a permanent establishment) who is at least 18 on January 1 of the account year may open one. Only one NISA institution can receive new purchases in a given year, though you may generally change institutions by year.\nThe two allowances and limits\nNISA has two allowances you can use together. The recurring-investment allowance (つみたて投資枠) is up to ¥1.2m per year, limited to specified long-term, diversified investment trusts and qualifying ETFs on the FSA list. The growth-investment allowance (成長投資枠) is up to ¥2.4m per year for a wider range — eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and funds. Combined, the annual maximum is ¥3.6m.\nThe lifetime limit is ¥18m measured at acquisition cost, of which no more than ¥12m can be growth-allowance holdings. Crucially, allowance usage is measured by what you paid, not by current market value: a ¥1m purchase that rises to ¥1.6m still uses only ¥1m of lifetime capacity. Unused annual allowance does not carry forward.\nSelling, dividends, and leaving Japan\nWhen you sell a NISA holding, its acquisition cost is restored to your lifetime capacity from the following calendar year — not immediately, and the annual allowance you already used that year is not refreshed. A ¥1m purchase sold for ¥1.6m restores ¥1m (the cost), not ¥1.6m; a ¥1m purchase sold for ¥600k also restores ¥1m, and the ¥400k loss gives no deduction because it occurred inside NISA.\nFor listed shares, ETFs, and REITs, tax-free dividends generally require the proportional allocation method (株式数比例配分方式) so payment lands in the brokerage account; receiving via bank or warrant can trigger 20.315% withholding despite NISA. Foreign dividends may still face source-country withholding. And if you leave Japan, NISA generally cannot continue except in specific qualifying temporary-departure cases filed in advance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-complete-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan","faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:nisa-dividends","guide:nisa-when-not-first"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-listed-dividends","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of dividends from listed shares","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How NISA limits and allowances work","plainText":"You can invest up to ¥1.2m/year through the recurring allowance and ¥2.4m/year through the growth allowance (¥3.6m combined), up to an ¥18m lifetime limit measured at acquisition cost — so investment gains never consume extra capacity.\nThe recurring and growth allowances, the combined annual cap, the lifetime acquisition-cost limit, and why gains do not consume capacity.\nRecurring allowance: up to ¥1.2m/year for FSA-listed long-term diversified funds and qualifying ETFs.\nGrowth allowance: up to ¥2.4m/year for eligible shares, REITs, ETFs, and funds.\nCombined annual maximum ¥3.6m; unused annual allowance does not carry forward.\nLifetime limit ¥18m at acquisition cost, with a ¥12m growth sub-limit.\nCapacity is measured by what you paid, so gains and losses do not change how much room you have used.\nThe two allowances\nThe recurring-investment allowance (つみたて投資枠) is designed for steady, long-term accumulation: up to ¥1.2m per calendar year, restricted to the funds and qualifying ETFs on the FSA’s screened list of low-cost, diversified, long-term products. It translates to ¥100,000 per month if you spread it evenly, though bonus-month settings let you weight it differently.\nThe growth-investment allowance (成長投資枠) is broader: up to ¥2.4m per year, usable for eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and a wider set of funds — but excluding designated supervisory/liquidation stocks, funds with terms shorter than 20 years, monthly-distribution funds, and certain derivative-heavy funds. You can use both allowances in the same year, and the same qualifying fund can sometimes be bought under either.\nFilling the lifetime limit — a five-year example\nIf you maximise both allowances, cumulative acquisition cost climbs ¥3.6m per year: ¥3.6m after year one, ¥7.2m after two, ¥10.8m after three, ¥14.4m after four, and ¥18.0m after five — at which point lifetime capacity is full. The market value at that point may be above or below ¥18m, but the statutory measure is always acquisition cost.\nMost people never contribute this fast; the point is simply that lifetime room fills based on what you invest, not what it grows to. Unused annual allowance from a slow year is lost — it does not carry into next year — but your lifetime room is unaffected until you actually use it.\nWhy gains do not consume capacity\nBecause usage is measured at acquisition cost, a rising investment never eats extra room. Buy a fund for ¥1m and watch it grow to ¥1.6m: your lifetime usage stays ¥1m, and the entire ¥600k gain sits inside the wrapper tax-free. This is the mechanism that makes NISA valuable for assets you expect to grow.\nThe mirror image also holds: a loss does not free up more room than you put in. If you sell that ¥1m purchase for ¥600k, next-year restoration is ¥1m (the cost), and the loss is not deductible. This is why NISA suits growth assets, while loss-sensitive strategies belong in a taxable account where offsets exist.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-limits-and-allowances","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:what-is-nisa"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-eligible-investments:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-eligible-investments","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What can you buy in NISA?","plainText":"The recurring allowance is limited to FSA-listed long-term diversified funds and qualifying ETFs; the growth allowance adds eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and funds — but deposits, ordinary bonds, margin, and certain fund structures are excluded. Confirm eligibility by exact fund name at the FSA list and your broker.\nWhich funds, stocks, ETFs, and REITs qualify under each allowance, what is excluded, and how to confirm exact eligibility.\nRecurring allowance: only FSA-screened long-term, diversified funds and qualifying ETFs.\nGrowth allowance: eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and a wider set of funds.\nExcluded from NISA: deposits, ordinary government/corporate bonds, and margin trading.\nAlso excluded from growth: supervisory/liquidation stocks, <20-year funds, monthly-distribution and derivative-heavy funds.\nAvailability is broker-specific; confirm the exact fund name and share class at the FSA list and your broker.\nThe recurring allowance universe\nThe recurring-investment allowance deliberately restricts choice to encourage low-cost, long-term, diversified investing. Eligible products are the investment trusts and qualifying ETFs the FSA has screened onto its published list — broadly, funds with reasonable costs, wide diversification, and long-term structures. As of the FSA’s recent classification the eligible universe held hundreds of funds and a small number of qualifying ETFs, with low average expense ratios among index products.\nBecause the list is curated for suitability, a beginner can reasonably pick a single broad global-equity index fund from it and be confident it meets basic long-term standards. But the list changes, so check the current version.\nThe growth allowance and exclusions\nThe growth-investment allowance opens the door to individual eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and a broader set of investment trusts. This is where you would buy a specific Japanese or (broker-permitting) foreign stock, a J-REIT, or a fund not on the recurring list.\nSeveral things are excluded to keep NISA aligned with long-term investing: designated supervisory or liquidation stocks, investment trusts with terms shorter than 20 years, monthly-distribution funds, and certain derivative-heavy funds. Across both allowances, ordinary deposits, government and corporate bonds, and margin purchases are outside NISA entirely.\nHow to confirm exact eligibility\nEligibility is specific and can differ by broker, so never assume. Two products with similar names can differ in eligibility, and a fund can be offered by one broker in NISA but not another. NISA eligibility for a foreign ETF is not automatic just because it is exchange-listed.\nTo confirm, match the exact fund name and share class against the FSA’s current list, then check that your chosen broker actually offers it inside the intended allowance. If you are a US taxpayer, add a separate step: a Japanese fund’s Japanese eligibility says nothing about its US (PFIC) treatment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-eligible-investments","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-dividends:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-dividends","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA dividends and distributions","plainText":"For listed shares, ETFs, and REITs, NISA dividend exemption generally requires the proportional allocation method so the payment lands in your brokerage account; receiving via bank or warrant can trigger 20.315% withholding despite NISA, and foreign dividends can still face source-country tax.\nThe proportional allocation method for shares/ETFs/REITs, fund distributions, foreign withholding, and why some NISA dividends can still be taxed.\nChoose the proportional allocation method (株式数比例配分方式) to receive share/ETF/REIT dividends tax-free in NISA.\nReceiving dividends by bank transfer or warrant can cause 20.315% withholding even inside NISA.\nA later tax return cannot convert wrongly-received dividends into NISA-exempt income.\nInvestment-trust ordinary distributions in NISA are exempt without that separate election.\nForeign (e.g. US) dividends can still carry source-country withholding that NISA does not remove.\nThe proportional allocation method\nFor listed Japanese shares, ETFs, and REITs held in NISA, tax-free treatment of dividends generally requires the proportional allocation method — kabushiki-sū hirei haibun hōshiki (株式数比例配分方式) — under which the dividend is paid directly into your brokerage account in proportion to shares held. This receipt method is a setting you choose at the broker, and it must be in place for the NISA exemption to apply.\nIf instead you receive the dividend through a bank account, the post office, or a dividend warrant, it can be subject to the usual 20.315% withholding even though the security sits in NISA. Worse, a later tax return cannot retroactively convert that payment into NISA-exempt income — so the receipt setting must be correct before the dividend is paid.\nFund distributions and special distributions\nInvestment trusts work differently. Ordinary distributions from investment trusts held in NISA are exempt without the separate proportional-allocation election that shares require, because the payment flows through the fund and account structure. This is one reason accumulation-oriented index funds are simple to hold in NISA.\nA special distribution (a return of capital, sometimes called a \"special dividend\") is not taxable in the first place — it is treated as a repayment of your invested principal rather than income — so it does not gain any extra NISA benefit. Watching for these matters mainly for high-distribution funds, where a headline payout may partly be your own money returned.\nForeign dividends and withholding\nNISA removes applicable Japanese tax, not foreign tax. Foreign shares can be held in the growth allowance when your broker supports them and the security is eligible, but source-country withholding can remain. A US dividend, for example, may still have US withholding even when received in NISA — and because there is no Japanese tax on that NISA income, the usual foreign-tax-credit mechanics may not recover it.\nThe availability of foreign stocks and ETFs is broker-specific, and US taxpayers face separate US reporting on the same income. If foreign dividend income is central to your plan, model the after-withholding result rather than assuming NISA makes it entirely tax-free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-dividends","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-listed-dividends","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of dividends from listed shares","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Selling in NISA and reusing the allowance","plainText":"You can sell NISA holdings any time; selling restores the acquisition cost to your lifetime capacity from the next calendar year, but the annual allowance you already used that year is not restored.\nWhen you can sell, what selling does to annual vs lifetime capacity, and how next-year restoration works with worked examples.\nNISA holdings can be sold whenever the market allows; there is no lock-up.\nSelling restores lifetime capacity at acquisition cost — from the following calendar year, not immediately.\nThe annual allowance you already used in the sale year is not refreshed by selling.\nA gain restores only the cost, not the higher value; a loss also restores only the cost and is not deductible.\nRebalancing inside NISA is possible but consumes annual allowance when you rebuy.\nWhen you can sell\nNISA has no minimum holding period. You can sell whenever the market and the product’s order rules allow — subject to liquidity and, for funds, the once-daily net-asset-value order timing. Withdrawal then follows normal settlement, so the cash reaches you a few business days after execution.\nThat flexibility is a key contrast with iDeCo, whose funds are generally locked until retirement age. But flexibility is not a reason to trade frequently: the value of NISA compounds when qualifying gains are left to grow tax-free, and unnecessary selling can waste annual allowance you cannot get back.\nWhat selling does to capacity\nTwo capacities move differently. Lifetime capacity is restored at the sold holding’s acquisition cost — but only from the following calendar year. Annual capacity that you already used in the sale year is not restored at all. So selling in March does not let you re-invest that year’s used allowance again in the same year.\nWorked examples: buy a fund for ¥1m, it rises to ¥1.6m, you sell — from next year your lifetime room increases by ¥1m (the cost), not ¥1.6m. Buy for ¥1m, it falls to ¥600k, you sell — restoration is still ¥1m, and the ¥400k loss gives no deduction. If you had already used the full ¥2.4m growth allowance in January and sold in March, you still cannot buy another ¥2.4m under that year’s growth allowance.\nRebalancing inside NISA\nYou can rebalance within NISA — sell an over-weighted holding and buy an under-weighted one — but the repurchase consumes annual allowance, and the restored lifetime room only returns next year. Because of this, the tax-efficient way to rebalance is usually to direct new contributions toward the under-weighted asset rather than selling, wherever your contribution capacity allows.\nReserve outright selling-and-rebuying for cases where new contributions cannot correct a large drift, or where you genuinely want out of a holding. Plan any year-end selling with your provider’s deadlines in mind, since restored capacity and institution rules operate on a calendar-year basis.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-selling-and-reuse","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:nisa-common-mistakes","guide:what-is-nisa"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-old-vs-current:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-old-vs-current","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Old NISA vs current NISA","plainText":"Legacy NISA holdings keep their own tax-free periods and sit outside the ¥18m limit; they cannot be rolled into the current system, so when a legacy period ends you generally sell or let the holding move to a taxable account.\nHow pre-2024 General, Tsumitate, and Junior NISA legacy assets are treated, and why they cannot roll into the current system.\nGeneral NISA, Tsumitate NISA, and Junior NISA are pre-2024 systems with their own tax-free periods.\nLegacy assets sit outside the ¥18m current-NISA lifetime limit.\nLegacy holdings cannot be rolled directly into the 2024 system.\nWhen a legacy tax-free period ends, you generally sell or the holding moves to a taxable account.\nSelling and repurchasing in current NISA is a new acquisition using current allowance.\nThe legacy systems\nBefore the 2024 renewal, three separate systems existed: General NISA, Tsumitate NISA, and Junior NISA. Holdings acquired under them remain governed by their original legacy tax-free periods and sit entirely outside the current ¥18m lifetime limit. In other words, a legacy holding does not reduce your current-NISA lifetime room, and your current-NISA contributions do not affect the legacy holding.\nThis separation means many people hold both: legacy assets running out their original tax-free windows, and current NISA being funded fresh under the 2024 rules.\nNo rollover into current NISA\nLegacy assets cannot be rolled directly into the 2024 system — there is no bridge that moves a General or Tsumitate NISA holding into current-NISA lifetime capacity while preserving its status. When a legacy tax-free period ends, the investor generally must sell the holding or let it move to a taxable account under the applicable rules, after which future gains are taxable.\nIf you want the same exposure inside current NISA, you would sell (or let the legacy period lapse) and make a new qualifying purchase in current NISA. That repurchase is a brand-new acquisition that uses current annual and lifetime allowance.\nPlanning and recordkeeping\nBecause selling and repurchasing resets your entry price and uses current allowance, it also introduces market-timing and transaction-cost risk — you might sell and rebuy at a worse price, and you consume current-NISA room you could have used for new money. There is no universally right answer; it depends on the legacy period’s end date, your current allowance headroom, and your view of the holding.\nKeep clear records of each legacy holding’s system, acquisition details, and tax-free end date, separate from your current NISA. Do not assume a broker statement will forever distinguish them for you, especially if you change institutions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-old-vs-current","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-when-not-first:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-when-not-first","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is NISA always the best first step?","plainText":"No. NISA should not automatically precede an emergency fund, high-interest debt repayment, short-term cash needs, forfeitable employer contributions, cross-border tax analysis for US taxpayers, an imminent departure, or a strategy that relies on deducting losses.\nThe situations where emergency savings, debt repayment, employer plans, iDeCo, US-taxpayer analysis, or an imminent departure should come before NISA.\nBuild an emergency fund and clear high-interest debt before funding NISA.\nMoney needed within a short, fixed horizon belongs in cash, not NISA.\nDo not miss forfeitable employer matching or an unusually good corporate pension.\nUS taxpayers should complete cross-border (PFIC/reporting) analysis before buying Japanese funds.\nIf you may leave Japan soon or need loss deductions, NISA may not be the right first account.\nFinancial base comes first\nNISA is powerful, but it is still investing, and investing belongs after a financial base. An emergency fund of several months’ essential spending, held in deposits, protects you from being forced to sell investments during a downturn. High-interest consumer debt — card revolving balances especially — usually costs more than investments reliably earn, so repaying it is a guaranteed return that beats an uncertain one.\nSimilarly, money you will spend within a short, fixed horizon (a house deposit in three years, tuition next spring) should stay in cash. A temporary market fall just before you need it could be devastating, and NISA does nothing to protect principal.\nEmployer plans and iDeCo\nCheck for employer money you would otherwise forfeit. Matching contributions or an unusually attractive corporate pension can beat starting your own account first, because that is effectively free return. iDeCo can also outrank NISA when its up-front income-tax deduction is exceptionally valuable for your income and you accept the retirement lock-up — the deduction is a certain, immediate benefit, whereas NISA’s advantage is tax-free growth over time.\nThis is not a rule to max iDeCo; it is a reminder that the \"NISA first\" default assumes no better-value employer or deduction opportunity is being left on the table.\nCross-border and departure cases\nTwo situations flip the usual order. A US citizen or tax resident should complete cross-border analysis before buying a Japanese mutual fund inside NISA, because PFIC rules and US reporting can make that \"obvious\" first purchase the wrong one — NISA’s Japanese exemption gives no US exemption. And if you plan to leave Japan soon, NISA generally cannot continue abroad, so building a large NISA balance you will have to unwind may not make sense.\nFinally, a strategy that deliberately relies on realising and deducting losses (to offset taxable gains) cannot use NISA, where losses give no deduction. In all these cases the right first step may be a taxable account, an employer plan, cash, or simply professional advice — not NISA.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-when-not-first","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:saving-vs-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-common-mistakes:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-common-mistakes","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Common NISA mistakes","plainText":"The frequent mistakes are treating tax-free as risk-free, confusing market value with allowance usage, receiving dividends the wrong way, picking funds by last year’s return, opening with the wrong broker, and ignoring departure or foreign-tax rules.\nTreating NISA as risk-free, misunderstanding limits, using the wrong dividend method, chasing performance, and ignoring departure and foreign-tax rules.\nTax-free is not risk-free: NISA removes tax, not the possibility of loss.\nAllowance is measured at acquisition cost, not market value — gains never eat more room.\nDividends on shares/ETFs/REITs need the proportional allocation method to stay tax-free.\nDo not pick funds by recent performance, and do not overcomplicate with overlapping products.\nPlan for leaving Japan and, if a US taxpayer, for PFIC and foreign-tax rules before you buy.\nRisk and limit misunderstandings\nThe first mistake is emotional: treating NISA as safe because it is tax-advantaged. NISA is only a wrapper; the investments inside can fall like any others, and a tax-free 30% loss is still a 30% loss. Size your equity exposure to what you can hold through a downturn, not to the size of the allowance.\nThe second is mechanical: confusing market value with allowance usage. Capacity is measured at acquisition cost, so a holding that doubles has not used any extra room, and you cannot \"top up\" to a market value of ¥18m. Related errors include expecting unused annual allowance to carry forward (it does not) and expecting immediate allowance restoration after selling (it returns next year, at cost).\nProduct and dividend mistakes\nA common income mistake is receiving share, ETF, or REIT dividends through a bank account or warrant instead of the proportional allocation method, which triggers 20.315% withholding despite NISA — and a later return cannot fix it. Set the receipt method before the dividend is paid.\nOn product selection, avoid choosing funds by last year’s return: recent performance is an unreliable basis for future relative results, and a top-ranked fund can lag the next year. Equally, resist overcomplicating the portfolio with many overlapping thematic funds; a single broad low-cost index fund often does the core job with less duplication and lower cost.\nDeparture and foreign-tax mistakes\nTwo structural mistakes cause outsized problems. The first is ignoring departure rules: NISA generally cannot continue after you leave Japan except in specific qualifying temporary cases filed in advance, so building a large NISA balance without a plan for leaving can force an awkward unwind. Get your broker’s written departure procedure early.\nThe second is a US-taxpayer trap: buying a Japanese mutual fund in NISA without checking PFIC treatment and US reporting. NISA’s Japanese exemption gives no US exemption, and a \"simple\" index fund can create Form 8621 obligations. If you are a US person, complete cross-border analysis before your first Japanese-fund purchase.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-common-mistakes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan","faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-dividends","guide:nisa-when-not-first","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokerage-failure-protection:en","entityId":"guide:brokerage-failure-protection","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens if a Japanese brokerage fails?","plainText":"Japanese securities firms must keep customer assets segregated from their own, so if a firm fails those assets should ordinarily be returned; if segregation failed, the Japan Investor Protection Fund can compensate eligible customers up to ¥10m — but neither protects against market losses.\nSegregated management, the Japan Investor Protection Fund’s ¥10m ceiling, what is and is not protected, and how to verify registration.\nSecurities firms must segregate customer assets from firm assets by law.\nIf a firm fails with segregation intact, customer assets should ordinarily be returned in full.\nIf segregation failed, the Japan Investor Protection Fund can compensate eligible customers up to ¥10m.\nNeither protection covers market losses, issuer defaults, or price declines.\nVerify a firm in the FSA operator registry (and JSDA membership) before transferring funds.\nSegregated management\nThe primary protection is structural. Japanese securities firms are required to segregate customer assets — cash and securities — from the firm’s own assets. Because your holdings are not the firm’s property, if the firm fails while segregation has been properly maintained, your assets should ordinarily be returned or transferred to another institution rather than lost in the bankruptcy.\nThis is very different from a bank deposit, which is a loan to the bank. In a properly run brokerage, your shares and funds remain yours; the firm is only the custodian and intermediary.\nThe Japan Investor Protection Fund\nSegregation can, in rare cases, fail — through fraud or error. For that residual risk, the Japan Investor Protection Fund (JIPF) exists: if customer assets cannot be returned because segregation failed, JIPF can compensate an eligible customer up to ¥10m. It is a backstop for the failure of the safekeeping system, not routine insurance for every loss.\nCritically, JIPF does not compensate normal market losses, an issuer defaulting on your bond, or a fund’s price falling. If your investment simply drops in value, that is investment risk, entirely outside the scope of investor protection.\nHow to verify a firm\nProtection assumes a legitimately registered firm. Before transferring money, verify the firm in the FSA’s registry of financial instruments business operators and, where applicable, JSDA’s member list. Registration proves legal authorization to operate; it does not guarantee investment performance or the wisdom of any product.\nA crucial modern caution: a legitimate brokerage registration does not make a social-media account or website claiming to represent it legitimate. Scammers clone brand names and impersonate real firms. Confirm you are dealing with the genuine, registered entity — not just a familiar-looking name — before sending funds or documents.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokerage-failure-protection","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investor-deposit-protection","guide:check-broker-license-and-scams","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"jipf-protection","publisher":"Japan Investor Protection Fund","title":"Japan Investor Protection Fund","url":"https://jipf.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"dic-deposit-insurance","publisher":"Deposit Insurance Corporation of Japan","title":"Deposit insurance system","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investor-deposit-protection:en","entityId":"guide:investor-deposit-protection","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How investments and deposits are protected in Japan","plainText":"Securities are protected mainly by segregation plus the ¥10m Japan Investor Protection Fund backstop, while bank deposits are protected by deposit insurance up to ¥10m of principal per bank; foreign-currency deposits and crypto are generally treated differently.\nSecurities segregation and the investor-protection fund vs bank deposit insurance, foreign-currency deposits, fund structures, and crypto differences.\nSecurities: segregated from the firm, with JIPF compensating eligible custody-failure shortfalls up to ¥10m.\nBank deposits: interest-bearing ordinary deposits protected up to ¥10m principal per bank plus accrued interest.\nNon-interest settlement deposits receive different (fuller) protection under the deposit-insurance rules.\nForeign-currency deposits are generally outside ordinary deposit-insurance coverage.\nFund assets are segregated within the trust structure; cryptoassets are not covered like securities.\nHow securities are protected\nInvestments held at a securities firm are protected primarily by segregation: your cash and securities are kept separate from the firm’s own assets, so a firm failure should not consume them. The Japan Investor Protection Fund adds a backstop of up to ¥10m per eligible customer if segregation fails and assets cannot be returned. Neither addresses market losses.\nFund (investment-trust) assets have their own layer: they are generally segregated within the trust structure, held by a trustee separate from the asset manager and distributor. So even if a fund management company has trouble, the fund’s underlying assets are not the company’s property — though operational disruption and, always, market losses remain possible.\nHow bank deposits are protected\nBank deposits use a different system: deposit insurance. Interest-bearing ordinary deposits are generally protected up to ¥10m of principal per depositor per financial institution, plus accrued interest to the failure date. Eligible non-interest settlement deposits (used for payments) receive different, fuller protection under the rules. The ¥10m ceiling is per bank, so spreading large balances across institutions changes coverage.\nAn important gap: foreign-currency deposits are generally outside ordinary deposit-insurance coverage. If you hold significant foreign-currency balances at a bank, do not assume the ¥10m deposit-insurance figure applies to them.\nWhere crypto differs\nCryptoassets sit outside these frameworks. They are not protected like securities by the investor-protection fund, nor like deposits by deposit insurance. Registered Japanese crypto exchanges have their own custody and segregation obligations, but the protection is not equivalent to securities or bank protection, and crypto carries extreme volatility, custody, and tax-reporting complexity.\nThe practical takeaway: match your expectations to the wrapper. Deposits are insured cash; securities are segregated investments with a custody backstop; crypto is a separate, higher-risk category. None of these protections turn a losing investment into a protected one — they address institutional failure, not market outcomes.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investor-deposit-protection","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:brokerage-failure-protection","guide:check-broker-license-and-scams","guide:saving-vs-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"jipf-protection","publisher":"Japan Investor Protection Fund","title":"Japan Investor Protection Fund","url":"https://jipf.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"dic-deposit-insurance","publisher":"Deposit Insurance Corporation of Japan","title":"Deposit insurance system","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:check-broker-license-and-scams:en","entityId":"guide:check-broker-license-and-scams","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Checking a broker’s licence and avoiding scams","plainText":"Verify any firm in the FSA’s operator registry and JSDA membership before sending money, distinguish the brand from the legal entity, and treat unsolicited social-media \"advisers,\" remote-control-software requests, and cloned sites as scams.\nHow to verify a firm in the FSA registry and JSDA membership, telling brand from legal entity, spotting clone sites and social-media scams, and account security.\nVerify the firm in the FSA registry of financial instruments business operators, and JSDA membership where relevant.\nRegistration proves legal authorization, not investment quality or the legitimacy of a social-media account using the name.\nWatch for clone websites and impersonation of real, registered firms.\nNever install remote-control software for an unsolicited \"investment adviser.\"\nUse unique passwords, multifactor authentication, withdrawal-destination locking, and transaction alerts.\nVerifying the licence\nBefore you send money or identity documents, confirm the firm is genuinely registered. The FSA maintains a registry of financial instruments business operators; the Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA) maintains a member list. A firm that cannot be found in the appropriate register, or that pressures you to skip verification, is a red flag.\nDistinguish the brand from the legal entity. Marketing names, app names, and group brands may differ from the registered legal entity that actually holds the licence. Match the exact legal name on the account documents against the register, rather than trusting a familiar logo or a similar-sounding name.\nClone sites and social-media scams\nA legitimate brokerage registration does not make every account claiming to represent it legitimate. Common scams include cloned websites that copy a real firm’s branding, social-media \"investment groups\" or private-message \"advisers\" promising unusual returns, and impersonation of well-known firms or their staff. A real, registered firm can be perfectly legitimate while a fake page using its name is a fraud.\nThe most dangerous request is to install remote-control software so an \"adviser\" can \"help\" you trade or \"recover\" money — this hands over your device and accounts. Never do it. Treat guaranteed high returns, urgency, and pressure to move money quickly as classic warning signs, and reach the firm only through its officially published contact details.\nAccount security basics\nGood operational security reduces the damage from phishing and account takeover. Use a unique password not reused elsewhere, enable multifactor authentication, and turn on withdrawal-destination locking so funds can only leave to a pre-registered account. Enable transaction and login alerts, and periodically review your devices and login history.\nBe alert to phishing: legitimate firms do not ask for your full password or one-time codes by email or message. If you spot unauthorized activity, contact the firm through its official channel immediately, change credentials, and preserve evidence. Fast reporting improves the chance of limiting loss.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/check-broker-license-and-scams","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:brokerage-failure-protection","guide:investor-deposit-protection","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jipf-protection","publisher":"Japan Investor Protection Fund","title":"Japan Investor Protection Fund","url":"https://jipf.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-products-japan:en","entityId":"guide:investment-products-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investment products in Japan","plainText":"The main products are individual stocks, mutual funds (investment trusts), ETFs, bonds, REITs, robo-advisors, and crypto; for most beginners a single low-cost diversified fund is the core, with everything else a deliberate addition.\nStocks, mutual funds, ETFs, bonds, REITs, robo-advisors, and crypto — what each is, and a hierarchy for choosing.\nMutual funds (投資信託) pool money into a diversified portfolio, often bought from ¥100 with automation.\nETFs trade intraday on an exchange; individual stocks are single-company ownership.\nBonds and JGBs provide income and stability; REITs give property exposure with equity-like volatility.\nRobo-advisors automate allocation for a fee; crypto sits outside NISA with extreme risk.\nEvaluate any fund by asset class, exposure, benchmark, eligibility, diversification, cost, and only then past return.\nThe main product categories\nIndividual stocks are direct ownership of one company — the highest company-specific risk. Mutual funds (investment trusts, 投資信託) pool many investors’ money into a diversified portfolio run to a stated objective, and at online brokers can often be bought from ¥100 with automatic monthly purchases. ETFs are funds that trade on an exchange at intraday prices, offering limit orders and portability but requiring you to handle bid-ask spreads and, for foreign ETFs, currency conversion.\nBonds (including retail JGBs) provide interest and relative stability; REITs (不動産投資信託) give exposure to property but behave with equity-like volatility and rate sensitivity. Robo-advisors automate allocation and rebalancing for an advisory fee. Cryptoassets sit entirely outside NISA and carry extreme volatility and custody/tax complexity.\nA product-selection hierarchy\nEvaluate any fund or ETF in order, not by its recent chart. (1) Is the asset class appropriate? (2) Is the geographic and currency exposure appropriate? (3) Is the benchmark transparent? (4) Is the vehicle eligible for the intended account (e.g. NISA)? (5) Is it sufficiently diversified and operationally viable? (6) What are the expense ratio, transaction costs, tracking difference, tax leakage, spreads, and conversion costs? (7) What is the distribution policy? (8) Can you buy it automatically at your broker? (9) Does your other-country tax system create a problem?\nOnly at step (10) do you review historical performance — and then only against the benchmark over matching periods. Past return alone is not a valid recommendation criterion: a fund can shine because its market, factor, or currency happened to do well, which says little about future relative returns.\nWhere to go next\nFrom here, deeper pages cover each category: how to compare mutual funds, index funds vs ETFs, Japanese vs global investing, Japanese and US stocks, high-dividend investing, and REITs. Accounts and tax pages explain the wrappers those products live in.\nThe consistent theme is that the wrapper (NISA, iDeCo, taxable) and the asset allocation usually matter more than picking a single \"best\" product. Choose the account and the stock/bond mix first, then implement with low-cost, transparent, eligible funds.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investment-products-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:reits-japan","guide:active-vs-passive-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"mof-jgb-individual","publisher":"Ministry of Finance","title":"JGBs for retail investors (kojin-muke kokusai)","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/jgbs/individual/kojinmuke/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-compare-funds:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-compare-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to compare mutual funds","plainText":"Compare funds on benchmark, total cost, tracking difference, assets under management, distribution policy, currency/hedging, and NISA eligibility — not on last year’s return, which is an unreliable guide to future relative results.\nBenchmark, expense ratio, other costs, tracking difference, size, distributions, currency, and NISA eligibility — and why recent performance is not enough.\nStart with the benchmark: two funds tracking different indices are not comparable.\nTotal cost = trust fee (信託報酬) plus transaction, custody, underlying-fund, spread, and tax costs.\nTracking difference is the fund return minus the benchmark over a defined period.\nLarger, established funds (AUM) reduce closure and operational risk; check distributions and currency policy.\nConfirm NISA eligibility by exact fund name and share class; ignore recent performance until last.\nBenchmark and cost\nBegin with the benchmark. A fund tracking the S&P 500 and one tracking a global all-country index are answering different questions; comparing their returns directly is meaningless. Confirm what index each fund follows and whether that exposure is what you want.\nThen compare total cost, not just the headline trust fee (信託報酬). A fund’s full cost includes transaction costs, custody, any underlying-fund expenses (for funds-of-funds), bid-ask spreads, and tax leakage. Among competitive Japanese index funds, expense ratios are very low, so small differences compound over decades — but the cheapest fee is not automatically best if the benchmark, tracking, or structure differs.\nTracking difference, size, and distributions\nTracking difference is the fund’s return minus its benchmark’s return over a defined period — the practical measure of how faithfully it delivers the index after costs. Two index funds on the same benchmark can differ because of fees, tax leakage, cash holdings, sampling, trading, and benchmark conventions. Compare over matching periods and a consistent return convention.\nAssets under management (AUM) matter: a larger, established fund is less likely to close or face operational strain. Check the distribution policy — many Japanese index funds retain and reinvest income, which suits long-term accumulators — and the currency/hedging policy, since unhedged foreign funds carry exchange-rate risk.\nEligibility, and why performance comes last\nConfirm NISA eligibility by exact fund name and share class against the FSA list and your broker, and check the fund can be bought automatically in the allowance you intend. US taxpayers must add a separate PFIC step regardless of Japanese eligibility.\nOnly after all of that should you look at historical performance — and then only against the benchmark over matching periods. Choosing \"last year’s best fund\" is the classic mistake: recent outperformance is an unreliable predictor of future relative returns, and a top-ranked fund can lag the next year. Use performance to check that a fund is tracking its index sensibly, not to rank funds against each other.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/how-to-compare-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investment-products-japan","guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:nisa-eligible-investments"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:index-funds-vs-etfs:en","entityId":"guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Index funds vs ETFs","plainText":"Index mutual funds price once daily, start from ¥100, and automate easily — ideal for long-term accumulation; ETFs trade intraday with limit orders and can be cheaper for large or specialised holdings, but add spreads, manual reinvestment, and (for foreign ETFs) currency and tax complexity.\nPricing, minimums, recurring purchases, spreads, distributions, currency conversion, and tax complexity compared.\nMutual funds: once-daily NAV, often ¥100 minimum, simplest recurring purchases, income usually retained.\nETFs: intraday market price, limit orders, but you bear the bid-ask spread.\nETFs commonly distribute cash; reinvestment is often manual unless the broker supports it.\nForeign ETFs may require direct FX conversion and add foreign-withholding complexity.\nFor automated long-term accumulation, mutual funds are usually simpler; ETFs suit intraday control and large trades.\nPricing, minimums, and automation\nAn index mutual fund is priced once per day at its net asset value (基準価額), calculated after the order cutoff — so the price you get is not the one displayed when you order. At online brokers the minimum is often just ¥100, and recurring monthly purchases are simple to automate, which makes funds the natural tool for steady accumulation.\nAn ETF trades on an exchange at an intraday market price, so you can use limit orders and control your entry price. The trade-off is that you bear the bid-ask spread as a cost, and recurring automatic purchases are available at some brokers but far less universal than for mutual funds.\nDistributions and currency\nDistribution behaviour differs. Many Japanese index mutual funds retain and reinvest income inside the fund, which compounds automatically and simplifies long-term holding. ETFs commonly distribute cash, and unless your broker offers automatic reinvestment, you must manually reinvest each distribution — a small but recurring task.\nCurrency adds another layer. A yen-denominated mutual fund embeds any currency conversion inside the fund. A foreign ETF may require you to convert yen to the foreign currency directly, incurring an FX spread, and foreign distributions can carry source-country withholding. For a yen investor, these operational and tax details often outweigh a tiny fee difference.\nWhich fits you\nFor most beginners accumulating monthly in NISA, an index mutual fund is simpler: ¥100 minimums, easy automation, embedded reinvestment, and no spread or manual FX. This is why the standard beginner path centres on one low-cost index fund.\nETFs earn their place when you want intraday control, limit orders, portability, specialised exposures a fund does not offer, or lower cost on large trades. Many investors use both — funds for the automated core, ETFs for specific satellite holdings — choosing per goal rather than declaring one universally better.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/index-funds-vs-etfs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:investment-products-japan","guide:currency-risk-yen","guide:us-stocks-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"nta-listed-dividends","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of dividends from listed shares","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-vs-global-investing:en","entityId":"guide:japan-vs-global-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japanese vs global investments","plainText":"A Japan-only portfolio concentrates you in one country, one currency, and an export/industrial-heavy market; a global portfolio spreads across many economies and sectors but adds currency and geopolitical dispersion — most investors use global as the core, with a Japan tilt optional.\nCountry and currency concentration, sector differences, familiarity bias, matching yen liabilities, and the role each can play.\nJapan-only exposes you to one economy, predominantly the yen, and an export/industrial/financial tilt.\nGlobal spreads across many economies, currencies, and a wider technology/healthcare/consumer mix.\nFamiliarity bias makes home markets feel safer than the diversification math supports.\nA yen home bias can better match future yen spending; global better diversifies overall risk.\nA common structure is a global core with an optional, modest Japan tilt.\nConcentration and currency\nThe core difference is breadth. A Japan-only portfolio ties your outcome to one economy, one political and regulatory system, and predominantly the yen. A global portfolio holds many economies and currencies, so no single country’s fortunes dominate. In terms of numbers of economies and currencies, global is simply more diversified.\nSector mix follows. The Japanese market carries significant industrial, financial, and export exposure, while a global index adds a wider technology, healthcare, and consumer mix. Neither is \"better,\" but they behave differently, and holding only one leaves you exposed to that one profile.\nFamiliarity bias and yen liabilities\nIt is natural to overweight what you know. Familiarity makes home-country stocks feel safer, but comfort is not diversification — a portfolio of only familiar names can still be highly concentrated. Recognising home bias is the first step to sizing it deliberately rather than by default.\nThere is a legitimate case for some Japan tilt: if your future spending — rent, education, retirement — will be in yen, yen-denominated assets more directly match those liabilities and reduce currency mismatch. This is a reason to hold some Japan or some yen exposure, not a reason to abandon global diversification.\nSensible roles\nA widely used structure is a global (all-country) equity fund as the core diversification, optionally combined with a modest Japan tilt or a yen-linked sleeve to match home spending. This captures broad growth while acknowledging that you live and spend in yen.\nWhichever you choose, remember the global option’s main added risks — foreign currency, geopolitics, and valuation dispersion — and the Japan-only option’s main risk — home-country concentration. The decision is about which risks you prefer to hold, sized to your goals, not about predicting which market will win.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/japan-vs-global-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks","guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:currency-risk-yen"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks:en","entityId":"guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing in Japanese stocks","plainText":"Japanese shares trade on the Tokyo Stock Exchange in units (usually 100 shares), though odd-lot/fractional services let you buy less; broad exposure comes via TOPIX or Nikkei 225, and eligible shares can be held in NISA’s growth allowance.\nThe Tokyo Stock Exchange, trading units and odd lots, TOPIX vs Nikkei, dividends and shareholder benefits, and NISA.\nShares trade on the Tokyo Stock Exchange, normally in units of 100; odd-lot services allow smaller buys.\nTOPIX is broad and capitalisation-weighted; the Nikkei 225 is price-weighted and more concentrated.\nJapanese companies pay dividends and some offer shareholder benefit programs (株主優待).\nEligible individual shares fit NISA’s growth allowance, not the recurring allowance.\nA single stock concentrates company-specific risk; a broad fund diversifies it.\nThe exchange and trading units\nJapanese listed shares trade on the Tokyo Stock Exchange, generally in trading units (単元) of 100 shares, so a ¥3,000 share implies a ¥300,000 lot. To invest smaller amounts, many brokers offer odd-lot or fractional-share services (単元未満株) that let you buy fewer than one unit, though pricing and available stocks differ by broker.\nOrders can be market (成行) — prompt execution at available prices — or limit (指値) — only at your specified price or better. Understanding the difference matters: a market order is likely to fill but at an uncertain price, while a limit order controls price but may not execute.\nTOPIX, Nikkei, dividends, and benefits\nFor broad Japanese exposure, two indices dominate. TOPIX is a broad, capitalisation-weighted index of a large swath of the market. The Nikkei 225 is price-weighted and more concentrated in a smaller set of high-priced names, so the two can behave differently. Index funds and ETFs track each; most investors seeking Japan exposure use a broad-market fund rather than picking individual stocks.\nJapanese companies commonly pay dividends, and many operate shareholder benefit programs (株主優待) offering goods, vouchers, or discounts to holders. These perks can be appealing but should not drive investment decisions — the underlying business economics and valuation matter far more than a coupon.\nNISA and choosing how to invest\nEligible individual Japanese shares can be bought in NISA’s growth allowance (成長投資枠), not the recurring allowance, which is reserved for screened funds. Broad Japanese index funds and ETFs can sit in either allowance depending on eligibility. Dividends need the proportional allocation method to stay tax-free in NISA.\nIf you do pick individual stocks, treat it as a deliberate, limited sleeve on top of a diversified core — fundamental analysis of business economics, governance, balance sheet, and valuation is demanding, and a single company can suffer permanent loss. The common mistake is concentrating a whole portfolio in an employer’s stock or a few familiar brands.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investing-in-japanese-stocks","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:investment-products-japan","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:active-vs-passive-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:us-stocks-from-japan:en","entityId":"guide:us-stocks-from-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing in US stocks from Japan","plainText":"Major brokers support US shares and ETFs; you convert yen to dollars (an FX spread), pay a commission (often 0.495% capped at US$22 in taxable accounts, ¥0 for covered NISA products), and US dividends face US withholding even in NISA — while US taxpayers face separate US reporting.\nBroker support, yen-to-dollar conversion, commissions, dividends and withholding, NISA, and US-taxpayer complications.\nSBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and IBKR Japan support US shares and ETFs; availability of specific tickers differs.\nYou convert yen to dollars, paying an FX spread; some brokers advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread.\nTaxable US commission is commonly 0.495% capped at US$22; NISA-covered US products can be ¥0.\nUS dividends face US source-country withholding even inside NISA; NISA removes only Japanese tax.\nUS taxpayers face separate US reporting, and some brokers restrict US persons from foreign-stock trading.\nBroker access and cost\nBuying US shares and ETFs from Japan is well supported at major brokers such as SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and Interactive Brokers Japan, though the exact list of available tickers varies. To buy, you generally convert yen to US dollars, which incurs an FX spread — some brokers advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread, but always confirm the current conversion terms rather than assuming.\nOn commissions, several brokers charge about 0.495% of the trade value in a taxable account, capped at roughly US$22; for NISA-covered US shares and ETFs, the commission can be ¥0. As always, \"zero commission\" does not mean zero cost — spreads, market and regulatory fees, and currency conversion remain.\nDividends, withholding, and NISA\nUS dividends carry US source-country withholding, and this remains even when the shares are held in NISA — NISA removes the Japanese tax, not the US tax. Because there is no Japanese tax on that NISA income, the usual foreign-tax-credit route may not recover the US withholding, so model the after-withholding yield rather than assuming NISA makes US dividends fully tax-free.\nOutside NISA, US dividends and gains face both potential US withholding and Japanese tax, with foreign-tax-credit relief available through a Japanese return. Eligible US shares and ETFs can be held in NISA’s growth allowance where the broker supports them, but confirm eligibility per product.\nUS taxpayers and cross-border warnings\nUS citizens, green-card holders, and other US taxpayers face separate US reporting on US (and all) investment income regardless of Japanese treatment, and some brokers restrict US persons from foreign-stock trading — Rakuten, for example, states that US persons may not trade its foreign-stock products. These are commercial and regulatory policies, not a universal NISA rule.\nFor US persons, US-domiciled ETFs and individual securities are often simpler than Japanese mutual funds because they avoid PFIC problems — but only after individual cross-border advice covering US tax, foreign tax credits, FBAR, Form 8938, and estate-tax exposure on US-situated assets. Keep statements in both yen and US-dollar terms.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/us-stocks-from-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:currency-risk-yen","guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","guide:japan-vs-global-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"nta-listed-dividends","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of dividends from listed shares","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sbi-fees","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: fees","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-fees","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: fees","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/commission/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:high-dividend-investing:en","entityId":"guide:high-dividend-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"High-dividend investing in Japan","plainText":"A high dividend yield is not automatically safer or better — it can reflect a falling price or an unsustainable payout, and high-dividend strategies concentrate sectors; focus on total return, not yield alone, and mind the tax treatment.\nDividend yield and yield traps, sector concentration, total return vs income, and tax/NISA considerations.\nDividend yield = dividend ÷ price, so a falling price can mechanically raise the yield (a \"yield trap\").\nHigh-dividend funds and ETFs tend to concentrate in mature, dividend-paying sectors.\nTotal return (price change plus income) matters more than headline yield.\nA distribution is not free money — the asset’s value generally adjusts down when it pays.\nFor NISA, share/ETF/REIT dividends need the proportional allocation method to stay tax-free.\nYield, and the yield trap\nDividend yield is the annual dividend divided by the price. Because price is the denominator, a yield can rise simply because the share price fell — sometimes signalling that the market expects the dividend to be cut. This is the classic \"yield trap\": chasing the highest yield can lead you into companies whose high yield reflects trouble, not generosity.\nA high yield is therefore not evidence of safety. Assess whether the payout is sustainable from earnings and cash flow, not just how large it looks today. A moderate, well-covered dividend from a healthy business can be far more reliable than a headline yield from a struggling one.\nConcentration and total return\nHigh-dividend funds and ETFs screen for yield, which tends to concentrate holdings in mature, dividend-paying sectors and tilt away from lower-yielding growth areas. That creates factor and sector biases you may not intend — a \"high-dividend\" fund is an active-style bet on a slice of the market, not a neutral diversified holding.\nThe more useful lens is total return: price change plus income together. A distribution is not free return — when a fund or company pays out, its value generally adjusts down by roughly that amount, so income and capital are two sides of the same coin. For long-term accumulation, a broad fund that retains and reinvests income can compound more simply than a high-payout strategy.\nTax, NISA, and the retirement myth\nTaxes matter for income strategies. Outside NISA, dividends are generally taxed at 20.315%, and frequent distributions create recurring taxable events. Inside NISA, share, ETF, and REIT dividends require the proportional allocation method to be tax-free, and foreign dividends can still face source-country withholding.\nFinally, a common misconception is that dividends should fund retirement. Relying only on high-dividend securities concentrates risk and can force you into yield traps; a total-return approach — holding a diversified portfolio and selling small amounts as needed — is often more robust and better diversified than chasing income. Income has a role, but it is not automatically safer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/high-dividend-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-dividends","guide:investment-products-japan","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:reits-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"nta-listed-dividends","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of dividends from listed shares","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:reits-japan:en","entityId":"guide:reits-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"REIT funds and J-REITs","plainText":"REITs are listed trusts that own income-producing property; they offer property exposure and income but behave with equity-like volatility and are sensitive to interest rates and leverage — a satellite holding, not a substitute for safe bonds.\nWhat REITs are, Japanese vs global, interest-rate sensitivity, leverage and property risk, and their portfolio role.\nREITs (不動産投資信託) own income-producing real estate and trade like shares.\nJ-REITs are Japanese; global REIT funds add foreign property and currency exposure.\nREITs are sensitive to interest rates: rising rates often pressure prices.\nLeverage and property-sector concentration add risk beyond ordinary equities.\nTreat REITs as a satellite for diversification and income, not as a safe-bond replacement.\nWhat REITs are\nA REIT (Real Estate Investment Trust, 不動産投資信託) is a listed or unlisted trust that owns and operates income-producing property — offices, retail, logistics, residential, or hotels — and passes rental income to investors. Because they trade on an exchange (for J-REITs) or via funds, they give property exposure without the cost and illiquidity of buying a building directly.\nYou can hold REITs through individual listed J-REITs, a broad J-REIT ETF, or a REIT fund (Japanese or global). A global REIT fund adds foreign property and, being unhedged, foreign-currency exposure on top of the property risk.\nRate sensitivity, leverage, and volatility\nREITs are notably sensitive to interest rates. Because they rely on borrowing and their income is valued against prevailing yields, rising interest rates often pressure REIT prices, while falling rates can support them. This rate link means REITs can fall even when broad equities are steady, and vice versa.\nThey also use leverage (borrowing to buy property) and can be concentrated in specific property sectors, both of which amplify risk. In practice REITs display equity-like volatility and can suffer large drawdowns. They are income-oriented, but that income comes with real capital risk.\nPortfolio role\nA common mistake is treating REITs as a safe, bond-like income source. They are not: their equity-like volatility and rate sensitivity make them a growth/income asset, not a stability anchor. If your goal is to reduce portfolio volatility or match yen liabilities, safe bonds or cash do that job; REITs do not replace them.\nUsed deliberately, a modest REIT allocation can add diversification (property returns are not identical to broad equities) and income to a portfolio. Size it as a satellite, understand the rate and leverage risks, and check NISA eligibility and dividend receipt method if you hold them there.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/reits-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:high-dividend-investing","guide:investment-products-japan","guide:diversification-asset-allocation"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"nta-listed-dividends","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of dividends from listed shares","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ideco-complete-guide:en","entityId":"guide:ideco-complete-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"iDeCo: the complete guide","plainText":"iDeCo is a private defined-contribution pension whose contributions are generally fully deductible from income and whose growth is tax-deferred, in exchange for locking the money until eligible retirement age; limits depend on employment and employer-pension coverage.\nEligibility, contribution limits, the three tax advantages, product menus, fees, withdrawal restrictions, and upcoming changes.\nThree tax advantages: deductible contributions, tax-deferred growth, and retirement/pension deductions on receipt.\nMinimum contribution is normally ¥5,000/month in ¥1,000 increments; limits depend on your pension category.\nMoney is generally locked until eligible retirement age — no emergency withdrawals.\nYou choose from the plan administrator’s menu; watch account and product fees.\nRule changes scheduled from December 2026 broaden some limits — verify current figures when enrolling.\nThe three tax advantages\niDeCo (個人型確定拠出年金) is a private defined-contribution pension with three tax advantages. First, contributions are generally fully deductible from your income, so they reduce this year’s income tax and resident tax — an immediate, certain benefit that scales with your marginal rate. Second, investment returns accumulate without current tax (tax-deferred). Third, retirement or pension deductions may apply when you eventually receive the money.\nThis up-front deduction is what can make iDeCo outrank NISA for higher earners: NISA’s benefit is tax-free growth, while iDeCo adds a certain deduction today. The trade-off is liquidity, discussed below.\nEligibility, limits, and fees\nMost working-age residents can join, but contribution limits depend on your pension category — self-employed (Category 1), employees (Category 2), and dependent spouses (Category 3) have different ceilings, and an employer defined-contribution or defined-benefit plan can reduce your iDeCo room. Minimum contributions are normally ¥5,000 per month in ¥1,000 increments.\nYou invest from the plan administrator’s menu, typically low-cost index funds plus target-date and principal-protected options. Watch fees: iDeCo carries account-management and administrative charges on top of fund expenses, so a low-cost administrator and low-cost funds matter over a multi-decade horizon.\nWithdrawal restrictions and upcoming changes\nThe defining constraint is lock-up: iDeCo funds are generally inaccessible until eligible retirement age, and you cannot make an emergency withdrawal. This is why iDeCo suits money you are confident you will not need before retirement, and why NISA — fully flexible — usually comes first for general saving. Employer-plan interactions and receipt taxation also deserve attention: how you take the money (lump sum vs pension) affects the applicable deductions.\nRules are changing: reforms scheduled from December 2026 broaden some contribution limits. Anyone enrolling around that date should verify the implemented figures rather than relying on pre-change numbers, and confirm how the changes interact with any employer plan.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/ideco-complete-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:nisa-when-not-first","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jps-pension-system","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"National Pension system","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/nationalpension/nationalpension.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jps-employees-pension","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Employees’ Pension Insurance","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/employeespension/employee.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japanese-government-bonds:en","entityId":"guide:japanese-government-bonds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Retail Japanese Government Bonds (JGBs)","plainText":"Retail JGBs come in fixed 3-year, fixed 5-year, and floating 10-year forms with a ¥10,000 minimum, monthly issuance, government-backed principal, and a minimum-rate floor; they can be redeemed after one year with a deduction of the preceding two interest payments.\nFixed three-year, fixed five-year, and floating ten-year bonds — minimums, interest, early redemption, and how they compare to deposits and bond funds.\nThree types: fixed 3-year, fixed 5-year, and floating 10-year (rate resets with market rates).\nMinimum investment ¥10,000, issued monthly, with a minimum-rate (floor) provision.\nPrincipal is protected by the government; interest is taxable.\nEarly redemption is allowed after one year, minus the previous two interest payments.\nJGBs suit stability-seeking money; expected returns are low and inflation erodes real value.\nThe three types\nRetail JGBs (個人向け国債) come in three forms. The fixed 3-year and fixed 5-year bonds lock a rate for the term, giving predictable interest. The floating 10-year bond resets its rate periodically in line with market rates, so its interest can rise or fall over time. All three are issued monthly, so you do not have to wait for a special window to buy.\nOfficial Ministry of Finance material sets a ¥10,000 minimum and a minimum-rate (floor) provision, so the interest rate cannot fall below a stated minimum even when market rates are very low. Interest is taxable in the normal way.\nPrincipal and early redemption\nA key feature is that principal is protected by the government: at maturity you receive your ¥10,000-unit principal back in full. Early redemption is permitted after holding for one year, but with a penalty — the previous two interest payments are deducted from the amount you receive. So JGBs are liquid after year one, at a modest cost.\nThis combination — government-backed principal, a small minimum, monthly issuance, and a rate floor — makes retail JGBs a conservative instrument. But their expected return is low, and like all fixed-yen assets they carry inflation risk: if prices rise faster than the interest, your real purchasing power can still decline.\nJGBs vs deposits and bond funds\nCompared with a time deposit, a JGB offers government backing beyond deposit insurance’s ¥10m per-bank limit and monthly availability, but a time deposit may offer a comparable or higher rate and simpler mechanics. Compared with a bond fund, a JGB has no market-price volatility if held to maturity and no fund fee, whereas a bond fund fluctuates in price, may hold longer-duration or foreign bonds, and adds currency and manager considerations.\nJGBs are excluded from NISA, which is for equities, funds, and eligible listed securities rather than ordinary government bonds. Think of retail JGBs as a stability tool for money you want government-safe and reasonably liquid, not as a growth engine.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/japanese-government-bonds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:saving-vs-investing","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:investment-products-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mof-jgb-individual","publisher":"Ministry of Finance","title":"JGBs for retail investors (kojin-muke kokusai)","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/jgbs/individual/kojinmuke/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"dic-deposit-insurance","publisher":"Deposit Insurance Corporation of Japan","title":"Deposit insurance system","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:credit-card-investing:en","entityId":"guide:credit-card-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Credit-card investing in Japan","plainText":"Credit-card tsumitate lets you fund monthly fund purchases (typically up to ¥100,000/month) with a partner card and earn points, but the value depends heavily on card annual fees and spending conditions — calculate reward minus card cost, and never chase points into the wrong fund.\nHow credit-card tsumitate works, monthly limits, reward rates and card fees, eligible funds, and how to calculate the real value.\nA partner credit card funds monthly fund purchases, typically capped around ¥100,000/month.\nReward rates vary by card and often depend on annual non-investment spending or premium-card fees.\nA 1% reward on ¥100,000/month is ¥12,000/year — easily erased by a ¥33,000 card annual fee.\nEligible funds and brokers are specific; card investing can be used inside NISA at supporting brokers.\nPoints are a fee rebate, not an investment thesis — the fund choice must stand on its own.\nHow credit-card tsumitate works\nSeveral brokers let you pay for monthly recurring fund purchases with a designated partner credit card instead of cash from your bank — this is \"credit-card tsumitate.\" You earn the card’s points on the investment amount, and the purchase can often sit inside NISA at supporting brokers. Monthly amounts are typically capped around ¥100,000.\nMajor ecosystems include SBI with SMBC/Olive cards, Rakuten Securities with Rakuten Card, Monex with d Card, Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart with MUFG or au PAY cards, and PayPay Securities with PayPay Card. Each pairs a broker with a card program, and the reward structures differ substantially.\nReward rates and card fees\nReward rates are where the marketing gets complicated. Published rates range from near zero on some basic cards to materially higher rates on premium cards, and they often depend on conditions such as annual non-investment spending on the card, the card tier, or first-year promotions. Reported examples include roughly 0.5% on standard cards, higher rates (up to around 1–2% or more) on premium cards, and eye-catching first-year or campaign rates that are not the ongoing rate.\nSeparate the recurring rate from temporary or first-year bonuses, and always subtract the card’s annual fee. Treat the advertised maximum as conditional marketing, not the rate you will actually earn month after month.\nCalculating the real value\nDo the arithmetic before committing. A 1% reward on ¥100,000 a month is ¥12,000 a year. Paying a ¥33,000 annual card fee purely to obtain that reward is irrational unless the card’s other benefits provide at least another ¥21,000 of genuine value you would use anyway. The rule: calculate reward minus annual card fee minus any incremental spending you would not otherwise do.\nAnd never let points determine the investment. Points are a small rebate on fees, not a reason to buy a worse fund or a fund that does not fit your plan. Choose the account, allocation, and fund first; then, if a card you already value happens to offer a good tsumitate rate, treat the points as a modest bonus.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/credit-card-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:robo-advisors-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-card-investment","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: card-investment","url":"https://go.sbisec.co.jp/prd/fund/creditcard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-card-investment","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: card-investment","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/fund/saving/card.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"monex-card-investment","publisher":"Monex Securities","title":"Monex Securities: card-investment","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/fund/card-tsumitate/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:robo-advisors-japan:en","entityId":"guide:robo-advisors-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Robo-advisors in Japan","plainText":"Robo-advisors automate asset allocation and rebalancing for an advisory fee (often around 1% annually), which is far higher than a self-managed index fund; they are most defensible when they prevent damaging behaviour or provide planning worth the recurring cost.\nWhat robo-advisors do, their fee layers, NISA implementation, and how they compare with DIY index investing.\nRobo-advisors automate allocation, rebalancing, and sometimes tax features for a fee.\nAdvisory fees are often around 1% annually — plus the underlying ETF/fund costs.\nA 1% fee on ¥10m is about ¥100,000 a year before compounding — a large drag over decades.\nNISA implementation varies: some support both allowances, some only growth, some only via a linked fund.\nA robo-advisor is most justified when it changes your behaviour or provides planning you would not do yourself.\nWhat robo-advisors do\nA robo-advisor (ロボアドバイザー) asks about your goals and risk tolerance, then builds and automatically maintains a diversified portfolio — usually of ETFs — handling allocation, periodic rebalancing, and sometimes tax-management features. The appeal is convenience: you delegate the ongoing decisions and the discipline of rebalancing.\nJapanese services include WealthNavi, SUSTEN, ON COMPASS, THEO, FOLIO ROBOPRO, and Rakuten Wrap, among others. They differ in strategy, fee structure, and how they implement NISA, so they are not interchangeable.\nThe fee layers\nThe central trade-off is cost. Robo-advisors typically charge an advisory (wrap) fee, often around 1% annually, on top of the expenses of the underlying ETFs or funds they hold — so the all-in cost is the advisory fee plus the product costs. Published fee structures vary widely, some lower and some with performance-fee options; verify the current figures for any specific service.\nCompounding makes this material: a 1% annual advisory fee on a ¥10 million portfolio is roughly ¥100,000 each year before compounding and before underlying costs, and over decades that drag can consume a large share of returns. A self-managed low-cost index fund can cost a small fraction of that.\nNISA and robo vs DIY\nNISA implementation varies by service: some support both allowances, some only the growth allowance at participating institutions, and some implement NISA indirectly through a linked fund rather than the main discretionary account — which can be confusing. Check exactly how a service uses NISA before assuming your contributions are tax-advantaged.\nA robo-advisor is most defensible when it prevents damaging behaviour (panic selling, never rebalancing), implements an allocation you would not maintain alone, or provides planning genuinely worth the fee. If you are willing to buy one broad low-cost index fund and leave it alone, a DIY approach captures most of the same diversification at a fraction of the cost. The honest question is whether the automation and behaviour management justify the recurring fee for you.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/robo-advisors-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:credit-card-investing","guide:compound-growth"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:global-equity-funds:en","entityId":"guide:global-equity-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Global equity funds in Japan","plainText":"Global equity funds hold shares across many countries in one product; all-country versions include developed, emerging, and Japanese markets, making a single fund a complete equity core for long horizons.\nAll-country vs developed-only, whether Japan is included, emerging markets, cost, and who they suit.\nAll-country funds span developed, emerging, and Japanese equities in one holding.\nDeveloped-only versions exclude emerging markets (and sometimes Japan) — check the exact benchmark.\nOne broad global fund diversifies across thousands of companies with minimal maintenance.\nMost are unhedged, so they carry yen currency risk alongside equity risk.\nCompare benchmark, cost, tracking difference, and AUM — not last year’s return.\nAll-country vs developed-only\nGlobal equity funds come in two broad flavours. An all-country fund (tracking an MSCI ACWI-type benchmark) holds developed markets, emerging markets, and Japan together — one product that approximates owning the whole listed world by market weight. A developed-only fund excludes emerging markets, and some developed benchmarks also exclude Japan, leaving you to add those sleeves separately.\nFor a beginner wanting simplicity, an all-country fund is the cleanest single-fund equity core. If you prefer to control the emerging-market or Japan weight yourself, a developed-only fund plus separate allocations is possible but more work.\nCost, currency, and providers\nCompetitive Japanese global-equity index funds have very low trust fees, and several well-known low-cost options exist across fund families. Because the differences are small, also weigh tracking difference (how faithfully the fund delivers its index after costs) and assets under management (larger funds face less closure risk).\nMost global funds are unhedged, so your yen return reflects both world equity performance and the yen exchange rate. This currency exposure is a deliberate diversification for many long-horizon investors, but understand it before buying. Availability is broker-specific; confirm the exact fund and NISA eligibility at your broker.\nRole in a portfolio\nA single all-country fund can serve as your entire equity allocation, because it already holds the world by market weight. Whether that is your entire portfolio depends on whether you also need bonds or cash for stability — a 100% equity holding, even a globally diversified one, can still fall around 50% in a severe market. Combine it with safe assets according to how much loss you can tolerate.\nBecause one global fund is self-diversifying and low-maintenance, most beginners do not need a second equity fund on top of it. Adding an S&P 500 or Japan fund alongside mostly overlaps or tilts the weights, which is a deliberate choice rather than extra diversification.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/global-equity-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:all-country-vs-sp500","guide:us-equity-funds","guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:how-to-compare-funds"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:us-equity-funds:en","entityId":"guide:us-equity-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"S&P 500 and US equity funds in Japan","plainText":"US equity funds concentrate in one country’s market; the S&P 500 covers large US companies while total-market funds add mid and small caps — both carry US concentration and, for a yen investor, currency risk.\nS&P 500 vs total US market, major Japanese mutual funds, US concentration, currency risk, and NISA availability.\nS&P 500 funds hold large US companies; total-market funds add mid and small caps.\nLow-cost Japanese mutual funds track the S&P 500 (and some use Vanguard-based structures).\nUS funds are diversified across companies but concentrated in one country and valuation regime.\nUnhedged US funds add yen currency risk on top of US equity risk.\nEligible US-equity funds fit NISA; confirm the exact fund and allowance at your broker.\nS&P 500 vs total US market\nThe S&P 500 tracks around 500 large US companies and is the most common US-equity benchmark; a total US market fund covers a broader set including mid and small caps. Over long periods the two behave similarly because large caps dominate, but the total-market version is slightly more diversified within the US.\nBoth are US-only. That means excellent diversification across American companies and sectors, but no diversification across countries — your outcome depends heavily on one economy and one valuation regime. Deciding on US concentration is a deliberate choice, not a neutral default.\nFunds, currency, and NISA\nSeveral low-cost Japanese mutual funds track the S&P 500, and some use Vanguard-related underlying structures. As always, compare the exact benchmark, total cost (including any underlying-fund expense for funds-of-funds), tracking difference, and AUM rather than picking by recent return.\nMost are unhedged, so a strengthening yen can erase US gains in yen terms and a weak yen can add to them. Eligible US-equity funds can sit in NISA’s recurring or growth allowance depending on the product; confirm eligibility and whether recurring purchases are supported. US taxpayers must separately check PFIC treatment.\nUS concentration in context\nA US-equity fund is a bet that US companies will keep leading. Historically the US has been a large and strong market, but no country outperforms forever, and buying after a long run of strong US returns is not a reason to expect the same ahead. Treat a US fund as a deliberate concentration, sized to how comfortable you are depending on one economy.\nMany investors hold a US fund as a tilt on top of a global core rather than as the whole portfolio. If you already own an all-country fund, adding an S&P 500 fund mainly increases your US weight rather than adding diversification — a valid choice if intended, but understand what it does.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/us-equity-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:all-country-vs-sp500","guide:global-equity-funds","guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:currency-risk-yen"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:all-country-vs-sp500:en","entityId":"guide:all-country-vs-sp500","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"All-country vs S&P 500 funds","plainText":"An all-country fund spreads across many countries including the US and Japan, while an S&P 500 fund concentrates in large US companies; the choice is between global diversification and a deliberate US bet — and holding both mostly duplicates US exposure.\nWhat each includes, concentration, currency exposure, cost, overlap, and which investor each may fit.\nAll-country ≈ the whole listed world by market weight (the US is already its largest part).\nS&P 500 = large US companies only; higher concentration in one country.\nBecause the US is ~60%+ of a global index, holding both mostly overlaps.\nAll-country adds currency and country diversification; S&P 500 is a one-country valuation bet.\nDo not choose based on recent performance — that reflects one regime, not the future.\nWhat each includes\nAn all-country fund holds companies across developed markets, emerging markets, and Japan, weighted by market size. Because US companies are the largest share of global market value, the US is already the biggest single component of an all-country fund — often well over half. An S&P 500 fund holds only large US companies.\nSo the practical difference is the non-US portion: an all-country fund adds Japan, Europe, other developed markets, and emerging markets that the S&P 500 leaves out. If you hold both, you are mostly buying the same US large caps twice, with a smaller genuine addition of non-US exposure from the all-country fund.\nWhich fits you\nChoose an all-country fund if you want a single, hands-off, globally diversified equity holding and prefer not to bet on one country. Choose an S&P 500 fund if you deliberately want US concentration and accept the single-country risk. There is no universally correct answer, and recent US outperformance is not a reliable reason — it reflects one historical regime.\nThe overlap warning matters most: buying both an all-country and an S&P 500 fund does not double your diversification; it just overweights the US relative to the rest of the world. If you want more US than global weights imply, that is a valid choice — just make it deliberately, not by accidentally stacking overlapping funds.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/all-country-vs-sp500","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:global-equity-funds","guide:us-equity-funds","guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:diversification-asset-allocation"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-equity-funds:en","entityId":"guide:japan-equity-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan equity funds","plainText":"Japan equity funds track domestic shares via TOPIX (broad, cap-weighted) or the Nikkei 225 (price-weighted, more concentrated); they suit a Japan allocation or home tilt, not a complete global portfolio.\nTOPIX vs Nikkei 225, broad-market vs active, home-country concentration, and the role within a global portfolio.\nTOPIX is a broad, capitalisation-weighted index; the Nikkei 225 is price-weighted and concentrated.\nBroad-market index funds are low-cost; active Japan funds charge more and vary in results.\nA Japan-only holding concentrates one country, currency, and sector mix.\nJapan funds are yen assets, matching yen liabilities more directly than foreign funds.\nMost investors use Japan as a sleeve within a global portfolio, not the whole thing.\nTOPIX vs Nikkei 225\nThe two headline Japanese benchmarks differ in construction. TOPIX is broad and capitalisation-weighted, covering a large swath of the market so bigger companies have proportionally more weight. The Nikkei 225 is price-weighted across 225 names, so high-priced shares dominate regardless of company size, making it more concentrated and sometimes behaving differently from TOPIX.\nFor broad, neutral Japan exposure, a TOPIX fund is usually the simpler choice. Nikkei 225 funds are popular and widely tracked but reflect that index’s particular construction quirks.\nConcentration and portfolio role\nBroad-market Japan index funds are low-cost and diversified within Japan; active Japan funds aim to beat the index but charge higher fees and deliver a wide range of results. Whichever you choose, a Japan-only holding concentrates you in one country, the yen, and Japan’s industrial/financial/export-heavy sector mix.\nThe sensible role for most global investors is a Japan sleeve within a diversified portfolio, or a modest home tilt that better matches future yen spending — not the entire equity allocation. An all-country global fund already includes Japan at market weight, so an explicit Japan fund is an addition on top of that, used deliberately.\nHow to hold Japan equity\nYou can gain Japan exposure through a broad TOPIX index fund or ETF, a Nikkei 225 fund, or — deliberately and in moderation — individual shares. For most people a broad-market index fund is the simplest way to add a Japan allocation without taking single-company risk. Confirm the fund is eligible for the NISA allowance you intend, and check the expense ratio and tracking difference.\nRemember that an all-country global fund already holds Japan at its market weight, so a separate Japan fund is an overweight on top of that. Decide the size of your home tilt on purpose, based on how much of your future spending is in yen, rather than doubling up by accident.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/japan-equity-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks","guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:global-equity-funds","guide:how-to-compare-funds"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bond-funds:en","entityId":"guide:bond-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Bond funds for Japan-based investors","plainText":"Bond funds hold many bonds for income and relative stability; key choices are Japanese vs foreign, government vs corporate, duration, credit quality, and — for foreign bonds — whether to hedge currency, which often dominates their yen returns.\nJapanese vs foreign bonds, government vs corporate, duration and credit, currency hedging, and bond funds vs individual JGBs.\nBonds add income and can cushion equity volatility, but they are not risk-free.\nDuration measures interest-rate sensitivity; longer duration = bigger price swings when rates move.\nCredit quality ranges from government to corporate; lower quality adds default risk.\nFor foreign bond funds, currency swings can dominate returns — hedging is often more compelling here.\nA diversified bond fund differs from a single JGB: it fluctuates in price but spreads issuers and maturities.\nTypes, duration, and credit\nBond funds pool many bonds and pay income. The main dimensions are geography (Japanese vs foreign), issuer type (government vs corporate), duration, and credit quality. Duration measures how much the price moves when interest rates change: a longer-duration fund is more sensitive, gaining more when rates fall and losing more when they rise. Credit quality ranges from safe government bonds to higher-yielding corporate bonds that carry default risk.\nBonds are held mainly for income and to cushion equity volatility, but they still carry interest-rate, credit, and (for foreign bonds) currency risk. A bond fund is not a cash substitute — its price fluctuates.\nHedging and bond funds vs JGBs\nFor foreign bond funds, currency matters more than for equities. Because bond returns are modest, a large yen exchange-rate move can dominate the result. If your reason for holding foreign bonds is yen stability, an unhedged version can defeat the purpose, so a currency-hedged version is often more consistent with the goal — at a hedging cost tied to interest-rate differentials.\nA diversified bond fund differs from a single retail JGB: the JGB has government-backed principal and no price volatility if held to maturity, but a fund spreads across many issuers and maturities, fluctuates in price, and may include longer-duration or foreign bonds. Use a fund for diversified bond exposure and JGBs for government-safe, hold-to-maturity stability.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/bond-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","guide:japanese-government-bonds","guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:balanced-funds"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:balanced-funds:en","entityId":"guide:balanced-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Balanced funds","plainText":"A balanced fund holds a fixed mix of stocks, bonds, and sometimes REITs across regions and rebalances automatically inside the fund — convenient for a one-fund diversified portfolio, though \"balanced\" only means diversified relative to its own equity weight.\nFixed asset allocation, automatic rebalancing, eight-asset funds, fees, risk levels, and DIY vs balanced.\nBalanced funds hold a fixed multi-asset mix and rebalance automatically inside the fund.\nEight-asset funds spread across Japanese and foreign stocks, bonds, and REITs.\nThey simplify investing to a single holding — no manual rebalancing needed.\n\"Balanced\" is relative: an equity-heavy balanced fund can still fall substantially.\nBuilding your own mix gives control and can be cheaper; a balanced fund trades that for convenience.\nFixed allocation and rebalancing\nA balanced fund holds a predetermined mix of asset classes — for example a well-known eight-asset fund spreads across Japanese and foreign equities, Japanese and foreign bonds, and Japanese and foreign REITs in fixed proportions. Crucially, it rebalances internally: when one asset outperforms and drifts above target, the fund trims it back automatically, so you never rebalance manually.\nThis makes a single balanced fund a complete, diversified, self-maintaining portfolio in one purchase — attractive for a beginner who wants diversification and automatic rebalancing without managing multiple funds.\nRisk levels and balanced vs DIY\nDo not assume \"balanced\" means \"conservative.\" A balanced fund is only as defensive as its bond and cash weight; an equity-heavy balanced fund can still fall substantially in a market decline. Read the actual asset weights and match them to how much loss you can hold through, exactly as you would for any portfolio.\nCompared with building your own mix, a balanced fund trades control and potentially lower cost for convenience. Doing it yourself lets you set exact weights, place assets tax-efficiently, and often pay less; a balanced fund handles the mix and rebalancing for you at a modest fee. Both are valid — choose based on whether you value simplicity or control.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/balanced-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:target-date-funds","guide:bond-funds","guide:how-to-compare-funds"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:esg-investing:en","entityId":"guide:esg-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ESG investing in Japan","plainText":"ESG funds screen or weight holdings on environmental, social, and governance criteria, which changes portfolio exposures rather than removing market risk; watch for greenwashing, higher fees, and concentration, and compare the actual methodology and benchmark deviation.\nESG definitions, screening and scoring, benchmark differences, greenwashing, fees, and how to compare ESG funds.\nESG = environmental, social, governance criteria applied via exclusions or scoring.\nESG screens change what you own, creating factor and sector tilts vs a broad index.\nGreenwashing risk: labels can overstate how \"green\" a fund actually is.\nESG funds often charge higher fees than a plain broad index fund.\nCompare the actual exclusions, scoring model, benchmark deviation, and cost — not the label.\nWhat ESG means in practice\nESG investing applies environmental, social, and governance criteria to portfolio construction — either by excluding certain industries (exclusionary screening) or by tilting toward higher-scoring companies (best-in-class scoring). Different providers use different data, scores, and benchmarks, so two \"ESG\" funds can hold quite different portfolios.\nThe key point is that ESG changes your exposures rather than reducing market risk. An ESG fund is still an equity fund that can fall in a downturn; the screens simply alter which companies and sectors you own relative to a plain broad index.\nGreenwashing, fees, and comparison\nTwo cautions dominate. First, greenwashing: a green-sounding name or marketing does not guarantee the fund is meaningfully different from a conventional index. Read the actual methodology — what is excluded, how companies are scored, and how far the resulting portfolio deviates from a standard benchmark. Second, cost: ESG funds often charge more than a plain broad index fund, and that fee compounds against you.\nTo compare ESG funds, look past the label at concrete features: the exclusion list, the scoring model, benchmark deviation and tracking, sector and factor concentration, and total cost. If the portfolio barely differs from a cheap broad index but costs more, the ESG premium may buy little. If it differs a lot, understand the unintended bets — an ESG screen can create sizeable sector and factor tilts.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/esg-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:global-equity-funds"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:target-date-funds:en","entityId":"guide:target-date-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Target-date funds","plainText":"A target-date fund holds a diversified mix that automatically becomes more conservative as a chosen target year approaches; it is a hands-off retirement option (common in iDeCo and corporate DC), but a generic glide path may not match your personal situation.\nTarget years, glide paths, automatic risk reduction, iDeCo/DC usage, fees, and when a generic path may not fit.\nYou pick a target year (near retirement); the fund does the rest.\nThe glide path automatically shifts from more equities to more bonds over time.\nCommon in iDeCo and corporate DC menus for hands-off retirement saving.\nFees vary; the automation is convenient but not free.\nA generic glide path assumes an average investor — it may not fit your risk or other assets.\nTarget years and glide paths\nA target-date fund is built around a year — typically near your expected retirement. Early on it holds a growth-oriented mix (more equities); as the target year approaches, it automatically shifts toward a more conservative mix (more bonds and cash) along a predetermined \"glide path.\" You choose the fund matching your horizon and let it de-risk over time without any action from you.\nThis automation makes target-date funds a popular default in iDeCo and corporate defined-contribution menus, where many savers do not want to manage rebalancing or manually reduce risk as they age.\nFees and when it may not fit\nThe glide path is designed for an average investor with an average situation, which is exactly why it may not fit yours. If you have other assets (a pension, property, a working spouse), a different risk tolerance, or a non-standard timeline, the generic path could hold too much or too little equity for you. It also cannot see your full financial picture — only the target year.\nCheck fees, too: convenience has a cost, and some target-date funds charge more than assembling a simple index mix yourself. For a hands-off saver who values automatic de-risking, a target-date fund is a reasonable one-decision option; for someone who wants control or has a complex situation, a self-managed allocation may fit better.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/target-date-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:balanced-funds","guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:diversification-asset-allocation"]},"sources":[{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-for-beginners:en","entityId":"guide:investing-for-beginners","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing in Japan for complete beginners","plainText":"For a complete beginner, the simplest path is: build an emergency fund, open a NISA at a low-cost broker, automate a monthly purchase of one diversified low-cost index fund, and review once or twice a year.\nA plain first path: emergency fund, NISA, one low-cost global fund, automation — with the mistakes to avoid.\nEmergency fund and debt repayment come before investing.\nNISA recurring allowance is the natural first account for a beginner.\nOne low-cost all-country index fund is a reasonable complete equity core.\nAutomate the monthly purchase so there is no decision to make each month.\nAvoid multiple overlapping thematic funds and picking by last year’s return.\nThe beginner path\nThe recommended starting point for a Japanese-speaking beginner investing a modest monthly amount is the NISA recurring allowance, funding one low-cost all-country equity fund. First secure liquid savings and clear high-interest debt; then open a NISA at a broad, low-cost broker such as Rakuten, SBI, Matsui, or Monex; then automate a monthly purchase you can sustain through job changes and market falls.\nA sustained ¥5,000 a month is better than ¥100,000 you are later forced to stop and sell. The goal is a simple, automatic habit you can hold for years, not a clever portfolio.\nWhat beginners should avoid\nThe common early mistakes are avoidable. Do not invest your emergency fund — it needs reliability, not returns. Do not buy multiple overlapping thematic funds; one broad fund usually does the core job with less duplication and cost. Do not pick funds by last year’s return, which is an unreliable guide to the future. And do not treat NISA as risk-free — it removes tax, not the possibility of loss.\nIf you are a US taxpayer, pause before buying a Japanese mutual fund and review PFIC rules first. If you may leave Japan soon, understand that NISA generally cannot continue abroad.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investing-for-beginners","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:what-is-nisa","guide:global-equity-funds","guide:small-monthly-budget-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:small-monthly-budget-investing:en","entityId":"guide:small-monthly-budget-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing ¥5,000–¥30,000 per month","plainText":"With ¥5,000–¥30,000 a month, use a broker with low minimums (from ¥100) and automatic recurring fund purchases, put it in NISA, and choose one diversified low-cost fund — convenience should not override product quality.\nHow small monthly investors should use minimums, fractional shares, recurring funds, and points — without overtrading.\nOnline brokers allow fund purchases from as little as ¥100 with automation.\nPayPay, Rakuten, SBI, Monex, and Matsui suit small, app-based monthly investing.\nUse the NISA recurring allowance so small gains stay tax-free.\nFractional/odd-lot shares let you buy stocks below a full trading unit.\nDo not wait for a \"large enough\" amount, and do not overtrade tiny positions.\nSetting up small monthly investing\nA small budget is not a barrier. Online brokers let you buy investment trusts from as little as ¥100 and automate a monthly purchase, so ¥5,000–¥30,000 a month is entirely workable. Providers oriented to small, app-based investing include PayPay, Rakuten, SBI, Monex, and Matsui. Put the money in the NISA recurring allowance so even small gains stay tax-free.\nFor direct shares, fractional or odd-lot (単元未満株) services let you buy less than a full 100-share unit. Choose one diversified, low-cost fund as the core rather than scattering tiny amounts across many products.\nDiscipline for small amounts\nTwo mistakes hurt small investors. The first is waiting for a \"large enough\" amount to start — but compounding rewards time, so a small automatic amount started now usually beats a bigger amount started later. The second is overtrading tiny positions or chasing small thematic bets, where fixed costs and spreads eat into modest sums.\nConvenience features like points and fractional shares are useful, but they should not override product quality: a slightly less convenient broker with the right low-cost fund beats a flashy app pushing an expensive one. Keep it simple, automatic, and low-cost, and let the habit compound.\nIncreasing the amount over time\nStart with what you can sustain, even ¥5,000, and raise the amount as your income grows or debt clears — many brokers let you edit the monthly figure in a few taps. The habit matters more than the starting size: a small amount invested consistently for years benefits from compounding far more than a large amount started late.\nKeep the same simple structure as the amount grows: one diversified low-cost fund in NISA, automated. There is rarely a need to add complexity just because the balance is bigger; only broaden the plan (bonds, a second account) when a real goal or risk need calls for it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/small-monthly-budget-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-for-beginners","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:credit-card-investing","guide:lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-for-retirement:en","entityId":"guide:investing-for-retirement","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing for retirement in Japan","plainText":"For retirement, combine NISA’s flexibility with iDeCo’s contribution deduction and any employer plan, base plans on your actual pension record, and manage sequence-of-returns risk by holding enough cash to avoid forced sales.\nCombining NISA, iDeCo, and employer plans; pension records; sequence risk; and how much cash a retiree holds.\nNISA and iDeCo can be used together; iDeCo adds a deduction but locks funds until retirement.\nBase retirement plans on your public pension record, not on assumed investment returns.\nSequence-of-returns risk: poor early-withdrawal returns can permanently damage sustainability.\nHold enough cash to fund planned spending and avoid selling in a downturn.\nTotal return with planned sales is often more robust than relying only on dividends.\nCombining accounts\nRetirement saving usually blends accounts. NISA offers flexible, tax-free growth you can access any time. iDeCo adds an up-front income-tax deduction and tax-deferred growth in exchange for locking funds until eligible retirement age — valuable when your income makes the deduction worthwhile and you accept the lock-up. Employer defined-contribution or defined-benefit plans add employer funding and should be checked for matching and menu quality.\nBase your plan on facts, not assumptions: estimate your public pension from your actual contribution record (not an investment-return guess), inventory employer and private accounts, and estimate essential vs optional spending in today’s yen.\nSequence risk and cash\nNear and during retirement, the order of returns matters, not just the average. Sequence-of-returns risk means a run of poor returns early in your withdrawal phase can permanently damage how long the portfolio lasts, because you are selling into a decline. The defence is holding enough cash and safe assets to fund planned spending without forced sales during a downturn, based on your pension income and risk tolerance.\nOn income, a common misconception is that dividends should fund retirement. Relying only on high-dividend securities concentrates risk; a total-return approach — a diversified portfolio with small planned sales — is often more robust and better diversified. Review the plan annually and after employment, family, or residency changes.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investing-for-retirement","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:target-date-funds"]},"sources":[{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jps-pension-system","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"National Pension system","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/nationalpension/nationalpension.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jps-employees-pension","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Employees’ Pension Insurance","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/employeespension/employee.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:high-income-investing:en","entityId":"guide:high-income-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing in Japan for high-income earners","plainText":"Higher earners benefit most from iDeCo’s income-tax deduction and from filling NISA, then use a taxable specified account for overflow with attention to asset location and loss offsets.\nMaximising the NISA and iDeCo tax benefits, asset location across taxable accounts, and where the deduction matters most.\niDeCo’s contribution deduction scales with your marginal tax rate — most valuable for high earners.\nFill NISA for tax-free growth, then use a taxable specified account for overflow.\nAsset location: growth assets in NISA, loss-sensitive strategies in taxable accounts.\nTaxable losses can offset gains and carry forward three years; NISA losses cannot.\nComplexity rises with cross-border ties — get advice for US-person or multi-country situations.\nWhere the tax benefits bite hardest\nFor a high earner, the up-front deductions matter more than for others. iDeCo contributions are generally deductible from income, and because the saving scales with your marginal tax rate, the same contribution is worth more to a high earner than to a low earner — often making iDeCo especially attractive despite its lock-up. NISA’s benefit is tax-free growth rather than a deduction, but its value grows with the size and duration of your gains.\nA common sequence is to fund NISA and maximise iDeCo where the deduction is valuable and the retirement lock-up acceptable, considering any employer plan alongside. Verify iDeCo limits and the December 2026 changes before enrolling.\nAsset location and overflow\nOnce NISA and iDeCo room is used, additional money goes to a taxable specified account, and asset location becomes worth thinking about. Broadly, place assets you expect to grow long-term inside the tax-free NISA to use that space efficiently, and put overflow, ineligible assets, and loss-sensitive or trading strategies in the taxable account — where losses can offset gains and carry forward three years, a relief NISA does not provide.\nHigher balances also raise the stakes on cost and cross-border issues. A 1% fee on a large portfolio is a large yen amount, so favour low-cost funds; and if you have US-person status or ties to multiple countries, get individual advice covering PFIC, foreign tax credits, reporting, and estate exposure before buying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/high-income-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:global-investors-japan:en","entityId":"guide:global-investors-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing in US and global markets from Japan","plainText":"Investors wanting broad global-market access from Japan should compare brokers on foreign-market breadth, FX costs, and NISA support; Interactive Brokers Japan and the large online brokers lead, but foreign withholding, currency, and tax/data complexity all rise with breadth.\nBroker choice for global access, currency and FX costs, foreign withholding, and tax/data complexity for multi-market investors.\nIBKR Japan, SBI, Rakuten, and Monex lead for broad foreign-market access.\nConverting yen to foreign currency incurs an FX spread; compare conversion terms.\nForeign dividends can retain source-country withholding even inside NISA.\nBroader access means more tax, currency, and data complexity to manage.\nFor most, a single global fund captures world diversification more simply than many markets.\nBroker choice for global access\nIf you want to trade many foreign markets directly — not just via a global fund — broker breadth matters. Interactive Brokers Japan offers the widest verified global-market access with confirmed English support, and the large online brokers (SBI, Rakuten, Monex) support US and some other foreign markets with competitive pricing. Match the broker to the exact markets and instruments you need, and confirm NISA support for eligible foreign products.\nCosts go beyond commission. Converting yen to a foreign currency incurs an FX spread (some brokers advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread; verify), and each market can add exchange and regulatory fees. Account for the all-in cost, not just the headline commission.\nWithholding, currency, and complexity\nGlobal investing adds three complexities. Foreign dividends can retain source-country withholding even inside NISA, which removes only Japanese tax; foreign-tax-credit relief generally requires a Japanese return, and NISA’s lack of Japanese tax can complicate recovery. Currency exposure means your yen returns reflect exchange rates as well as asset prices. And multi-market investing generates more records, statements, and tax detail to manage.\nFor most investors, a single broad global (all-country) fund captures world diversification far more simply than assembling many individual markets. Direct multi-market access earns its complexity only when you specifically need instruments a fund does not offer. US taxpayers face additional US reporting on all of this and should get cross-border advice.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/global-investors-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:global-equity-funds","guide:currency-risk-yen","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-listed-dividends","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of dividends from listed shares","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:advised-investing-japan:en","entityId":"guide:advised-investing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing with human financial advice","plainText":"Full-service brokers (Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, Mizuho) and advisers can help with bonds, IPOs, inheritance, and complex situations, but cost more and may face distribution conflicts — demand explicit all-in costs and benchmark comparisons.\nWhen full-service brokers and advisers add value, the cost and conflict-of-interest issues, and what to demand.\nFull-service firms help with bonds, IPOs, inheritance, and complex or high-net-worth needs.\nBranch and comprehensive-course commissions are much higher than online-only brokers.\nAdviser compensation is not neutral — product distribution can create conflicts of interest.\nDemand the explicit all-in cost and a benchmark comparison for any recommendation.\nFor simple passive investing, an online broker is usually far cheaper.\nWhen advice adds value\nFull-service brokers — Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, Mizuho — and human advisers can genuinely help in specific situations: navigating bonds and IPO allocations, inheritance and estate matters, cross-border complexity, or simply providing hand-holding and physical branch support that some investors value. For complex or high-net-worth needs, that service can be worth paying for.\nThe trade-off is cost. Branch and comprehensive-course commissions can be dramatically higher than online brokers — for routine domestic stock trades, branch schedules can reach well over 1%, versus near-zero online. For simple passive investing, that gap is hard to justify.\nConflicts and what to demand\nDo not assume adviser compensation is neutral. When an adviser or firm earns more by selling certain products, there is an inherent conflict of interest, and a recommendation may reflect distribution incentives as well as your interests. This does not make advice worthless, but it means you should scrutinise recommendations rather than accept them on trust.\nThe practical safeguard: for any recommendation, demand the explicit all-in cost (commissions, wrap or advisory fees, fund expenses, and any hidden charges) and a comparison against a relevant low-cost benchmark. If a recommended product cannot justify its cost against a cheap index alternative, ask why. Good advisers welcome these questions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/advised-investing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:robo-advisors-japan","guide:active-vs-passive-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:temporary-residents-investing:en","entityId":"guide:temporary-residents-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing when you may leave Japan soon","plainText":"If your stay is uncertain, weigh NISA against liquid cash, favour portable and simple products, confirm each broker’s non-resident continuation policy before opening, and get the written departure procedure in advance.\nWhether to open NISA, portable products, broker continuation policies, and pre-departure planning for uncertain stays.\nNISA generally cannot continue after you become non-resident, except specific qualifying cases.\nFavour portable, simple, liquid holdings over illiquid or administratively complex products.\nConfirm the broker’s non-resident and departure policy before opening an account.\nBuilding a large NISA balance you must unwind on departure may not make sense.\nPlan tax, remittance, and record-keeping for both Japan and your destination country.\nShould you open NISA at all?\nIf you are fairly sure you will stay several years, NISA can still be worthwhile alongside a solid cash reserve. If departure is likely soon or genuinely uncertain, weigh it carefully: NISA generally cannot continue after you become non-resident (except specific qualifying temporary-departure cases filed in advance), so a large NISA balance may have to be unwound when you leave, potentially at an inconvenient time.\nA reasonable stance for uncertain stays is to keep more in liquid cash, invest modestly through portable and simple products, and avoid building a position whose forced unwind on departure would be costly or complicated.\nProducts, policies, and departure\nFavour portable, simple, liquid holdings — a broad low-cost fund or widely held securities — over illiquid or administratively complex products that are hard to move or value across borders. Before opening any account, confirm the broker’s non-resident policy: whether it can maintain a taxable account after you leave, for which destination countries, and what happens to each asset type.\nPlan the exit before you build the position. Obtain the broker’s written departure procedure in advance, understand that no new NISA purchases are allowed while abroad, and plan for tax, remittance of proceeds, and record-keeping in both Japan and your destination. Where holdings are material or your situation is cross-border, get individual advice.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/temporary-residents-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-leaving-japan","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:nisa-when-not-first","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:specified-vs-general-accounts:en","entityId":"guide:specified-vs-general-accounts","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Specified vs general brokerage accounts","plainText":"A specified account with withholding has the broker calculate and withhold tax so you usually need no return; without withholding the broker calculates but you file; a general account requires you to calculate everything yourself.\nThe specified account (with/without withholding) vs the general account, tax reporting, and who should use each.\nSpecified with withholding (源泉徴収あり): broker withholds tax; a return is often unnecessary.\nSpecified without withholding: broker supplies an annual report, but you normally file.\nGeneral account (一般口座): you calculate acquisition cost and taxable gain yourself.\nAll three are taxable and can coexist with NISA.\nMost people choose specified-with-withholding for simplicity.\nThe three account types\nA taxable brokerage account in Japan comes in three forms. A specified account with withholding (特定口座・源泉徴収あり) has the broker calculate your gains and withhold the Japanese tax at source, so for those transactions a tax return is often unnecessary. A specified account without withholding calculates your annual results and gives you a report, but you normally file and pay yourself. A general account (一般口座) leaves you to calculate acquisition cost and taxable gain entirely.\nAll three are taxable (unlike NISA) and can be held alongside NISA and each other. The difference is purely how much tax administration the broker handles versus you.\nWho should use each\nFor most people, the specified account with withholding is the simplest: the broker handles the tax, and you can often avoid filing for those trades entirely. The main downsides are that filing might still be useful (for example to claim loss offsets across brokers or foreign tax credits), and that declared income can, in some cases, affect social-insurance or dependent calculations.\nA specified account without withholding suits those who prefer to manage their own filing and cash flow. A general account is needed only for assets or transactions the specified account cannot hold — it carries the highest recordkeeping burden and is rarely the default for ordinary investing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/specified-vs-general-accounts","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:nisa-vs-taxable-account","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:capital-gains-and-losses"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-tokutei-account","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Specified accounts (tokutei kōza) and reporting","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1476.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-share-transfer","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of gains on transfer of listed shares","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-vs-taxable-account:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-vs-taxable-account","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA vs taxable brokerage account","plainText":"NISA exempts qualifying gains and dividends from Japanese tax but caps contributions and gives no loss deduction; a taxable account has no cap and allows loss offsets and three-year carryforward but taxes gains at 20.315% — so put growth assets in NISA and loss-sensitive strategies in the taxable account.\nTax on gains and dividends, loss deductions, product limits, recordkeeping, and asset-location strategy.\nNISA: no Japanese tax on qualifying gains; taxable account: normally 20.315%.\nTaxable losses offset gains and carry forward three years; NISA losses give no deduction.\nNISA has product and contribution limits; taxable accounts have neither.\nA withholding taxable account simplifies filing; NISA is simple domestically.\nAsset location: growth assets in NISA, overflow/ineligible/loss-sensitive in taxable.\nTax and loss treatment\nThe headline difference is tax. In a taxable account, gains and qualifying dividends on listed securities are generally taxed at 20.315%. In NISA, those qualifying returns are exempt from Japanese tax — the wrapper’s core benefit, most valuable for assets you expect to grow a lot over a long period.\nBut taxable accounts have one advantage NISA lacks: loss relief. Taxable losses can offset eligible gains and dividends and, when you file, carry forward three years. NISA losses give no deduction and cannot be carried forward, so a strategy that relies on realising losses belongs in a taxable account, not NISA.\nLimits and recordkeeping\nNISA is limited by statute and by your broker’s menu — only eligible products, and only up to the annual and lifetime allowances. A taxable account has no contribution ceiling and a broader product scope, so it naturally holds anything beyond NISA limits or ineligible for NISA.\nOn records, NISA is simple domestically (no Japanese tax to compute), while a specified account with withholding simplifies taxable filing by having the broker calculate and withhold. Keep annual transaction reports either way, especially if you use multiple brokers or hold foreign assets.\nAsset location strategy\nBecause the accounts have opposite strengths, where you place each asset matters. The efficient default is to hold assets you expect to produce positive long-term returns inside NISA — using the tax-free space where it does the most good — and to place overflow, NISA-ineligible assets, loss-sensitive strategies, and active trading in the taxable account, where loss offsets exist.\nExample: a broad long-horizon equity fund is a natural NISA holding, while a strategy where you might realise losses to offset other gains belongs in the taxable account. Most investors fund NISA first, then use a specified account for the rest.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-vs-taxable-account","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:specified-vs-general-accounts","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:nisa-complete-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"nta-share-transfer","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of gains on transfer of listed shares","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-loss-carryforward","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Offsetting and three-year carryforward of listed-share losses","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1474.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:capital-gains-and-losses:en","entityId":"guide:capital-gains-and-losses","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Capital gains and investment losses","plainText":"A capital gain is sale proceeds minus adjusted acquisition cost; taxable listed-security losses can offset eligible gains and dividends and carry forward three years if you file, while losses realised inside NISA give no deduction.\nCalculating gains, acquisition costs, loss offsets, three-year carryforward, NISA loss treatment, and multiple brokers.\nCapital gain = sale proceeds − adjusted acquisition cost (and relevant expenses).\nTaxable listed-security losses offset eligible gains and dividends when you file.\nUnused losses carry forward up to three years with the required returns.\nNISA losses give no deduction and cannot be carried forward.\nAcross multiple brokers, offsets require correct, filed figures — keep your own records.\nCalculating a gain\nA capital gain (譲渡益) is your sale proceeds minus the adjusted acquisition cost of what you sold, less relevant expenses. Acquisition cost includes what you paid plus applicable purchase costs, and when you have bought the same security at different prices, an averaging method determines the cost per unit. In a specified account the broker computes this for you; in a general account you must track it yourself.\nGetting acquisition cost right matters because it directly sets the taxable gain. Errors usually come from forgetting reinvested amounts, multiple lots at different prices, or foreign-currency conversions.\nOffsets and carryforward\nLosses on qualifying listed securities in a taxable account can be offset against eligible listed-security gains and dividends. If offsets do not use up a loss in the year, you can carry it forward for up to three years to offset future gains — but only if you file the required tax returns for each relevant year. This loss relief is a real advantage of taxable investing.\nCrucially, this does not apply inside NISA: a loss realised in NISA gives no deduction and cannot offset taxable gains or be carried forward. So you cannot tax-loss harvest in NISA, and loss-sensitive strategies belong in a taxable account.\nMultiple brokers and records\nIf you use more than one broker, offsetting gains at one against losses at another generally requires filing a return that brings the figures together — the brokers do not net across each other automatically. The same applies to combining a withholding account with foreign or general-account results.\nKeep your own records: annual transaction reports, acquisition-cost details, and dividend statements, retained independently of any single broker. These matter especially for general accounts, foreign accounts, departure from Japan, inheritance, and any home-country reporting. Do not assume a broker statement will remain accessible forever.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/capital-gains-and-losses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:nisa-vs-taxable-account","guide:investment-records-and-statements","guide:specified-vs-general-accounts"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-share-transfer","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of gains on transfer of listed shares","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-loss-carryforward","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Offsetting and three-year carryforward of listed-share losses","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1474.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-dividends:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-dividends","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes on dividends and fund distributions","plainText":"Japanese listed dividends and fund ordinary distributions are generally taxed at 20.315% outside NISA; a return-of-capital \"special\" distribution is not taxable, NISA can exempt qualifying payments (dividends need the proportional allocation method), and foreign dividends can retain source-country withholding.\nJapanese dividends, ordinary vs special fund distributions, withholding accounts, NISA treatment, and foreign dividends.\nJapanese listed dividends and fund ordinary distributions are generally taxed at 20.315% outside NISA.\nA special (return-of-capital) distribution is a repayment of basis, not taxable income.\nA withholding account settles dividend tax at source in many cases.\nIn NISA, share/ETF/REIT dividends need the proportional allocation method to be tax-free.\nForeign dividends can face source-country withholding even inside NISA.\nJapanese dividends and distributions\nDividends on Japanese listed shares and ordinary distributions from investment trusts are generally taxed at 20.315% outside NISA. In a specified account with withholding, the tax is often settled at source, so a return may be unnecessary for those payments. There are elective methods for declaring dividends on a return that can change the outcome depending on your situation, which is where individual advice helps.\nDistinguish an ordinary distribution from a special distribution (元本払戻金): a special distribution is a return of your own invested capital, not income, so it is not taxable in the first place. This matters for high-distribution funds, where a headline payout may partly be your money returned rather than a true gain.\nNISA treatment\nNISA can exempt qualifying dividends and distributions from Japanese tax, but the mechanics differ by security. For listed shares, ETFs, and REITs, you must select the proportional allocation method (株式数比例配分方式) so the dividend is paid into your brokerage account; receiving it by bank or warrant can trigger 20.315% withholding despite NISA, and a later return cannot fix it.\nOrdinary distributions from investment trusts held in NISA are exempt without that separate election, because the payment flows through the fund and account structure. Set your dividend receipt method correctly before any payment date.\nForeign dividends\nForeign dividends add source-country withholding. A US dividend, for example, can be withheld at source even when the shares are in NISA — NISA removes only the Japanese tax. Outside NISA, foreign dividends face both potential source withholding and Japanese tax, with foreign-tax-credit relief available through a Japanese return to reduce double taxation.\nBecause NISA leaves no Japanese tax on that income, recovering foreign withholding through a credit can be limited, so model the after-withholding yield for foreign dividend holdings. US taxpayers face separate US reporting on the same income regardless of Japanese treatment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/taxes-on-dividends","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-dividends","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:high-dividend-investing","guide:foreign-investment-income-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-listed-dividends","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of dividends from listed shares","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-investment-income-tax:en","entityId":"guide:foreign-investment-income-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Foreign investment income and tax","plainText":"As a Japan resident, your foreign investment income is generally subject to Japanese tax outside NISA and may also face source-country withholding; foreign tax credits can relieve some double taxation through a Japanese return, and you must convert and record everything in yen.\nForeign dividends and gains, source-country withholding, foreign tax credits, FX conversion, and foreign brokerage accounts.\nJapan taxes residents on worldwide income, so foreign gains/dividends are generally taxable outside NISA.\nForeign dividends can also be withheld in the source country (e.g. US withholding).\nForeign tax credits can reduce double taxation, but generally require filing a Japanese return.\nConvert foreign amounts to yen using appropriate rates and keep the records.\nForeign brokerage accounts add filing, remittance, estate, and protection complexity.\nWorldwide income and withholding\nJapan taxes its residents on worldwide income. So outside NISA, your foreign dividends and capital gains are generally subject to Japanese tax just like domestic ones, at the applicable rates. On top of that, many countries withhold tax at source on dividends paid to foreign investors — US dividends, for instance, commonly carry US withholding.\nThe result can be double taxation: the source country withholds, and Japan taxes the same income. NISA removes the Japanese layer for qualifying holdings but never the foreign one, so foreign-source withholding can remain even inside NISA.\nForeign tax credits and FX\nTo relieve double taxation, Japan’s foreign tax credit system can let you credit some foreign tax paid against your Japanese tax — but this generally requires filing a Japanese return and meeting the conditions. Because NISA leaves no Japanese tax on qualifying income, a credit may not recover foreign withholding on NISA holdings, which is a reason to model after-withholding results.\nEverything must be converted to yen. Use appropriate exchange rates for income and for acquisition/disposal, and keep records of the amounts and rates. FX conversion also affects your gain calculation on foreign-currency securities, since both the asset price and the exchange rate move.\nForeign brokerage accounts\nHolding assets at a foreign brokerage is legal for a resident but adds complexity: Japanese tax still applies to your worldwide income, and you take on Japanese filing, remittance procedures, cross-border estate exposure, and different (or weaker) regulatory and investor-protection frameworks. A foreign account is not a way to avoid Japanese tax.\nThese situations are fact-specific and can involve treaty provisions, reporting obligations, and estate-tax exposure on foreign-situated assets. Where foreign income or accounts are material, get individual cross-border tax advice rather than relying on general guidance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/foreign-investment-income-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-dividends","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:investment-records-and-statements"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-listed-dividends","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of dividends from listed shares","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-records-and-statements:en","entityId":"guide:investment-records-and-statements","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investment records and annual statements","plainText":"Keep annual transaction reports, acquisition-cost records, and dividend statements independently of any single broker — you need them for filing, loss carryforward, departure, inheritance, and home-country reporting.\nAnnual transaction reports, acquisition-cost records, dividend statements, what to download before leaving a broker, and retention.\nThe annual transaction report summarises your year’s trades for tax filing.\nAcquisition-cost records set your taxable gain — essential for general and foreign accounts.\nDividend statements document income and any withholding.\nDownload key documents before you leave or close a broker.\nRetain records independently; do not assume broker access lasts forever.\nWhat to keep\nThree records matter most. The annual transaction report (年間取引報告書) summarises your year’s realised trades and is the basis for tax filing in a specified-without-withholding or general account. Acquisition-cost records establish the cost basis that determines your taxable gain — critical for general accounts, foreign accounts, and any manual calculation. Dividend statements document income received and any tax withheld.\nFor foreign-currency holdings, also record the exchange rates used, since both the asset price and the FX rate affect your yen gain. These records support offsets, loss carryforward, and any foreign tax credit.\nBefore leaving a broker\nDownload key documents before you close an account, change brokers, or leave Japan. Once an account is closed or you become non-resident, access to historical statements can become difficult, and you may still need them years later for a tax authority, an inheritance, or home-country reporting. Save annual reports, acquisition-cost detail, dividend statements, and confirmation of holdings.\nWhen changing your NISA institution, remember that existing holdings usually stay at the old broker in that NISA relationship, so keep the old broker’s records too. When leaving Japan, get the broker’s written departure procedure and download everything first.\nA retention process\nDo not rely on a broker keeping your records available indefinitely — statements can be purged, interfaces change, and access ends when an account closes. Build a simple habit: each year, download the annual report and statements to your own storage, keep a running record of acquisition costs, and back it up.\nFor cross-border situations, keep records in a form usable by both Japanese and home-country tax preparers, including yen and, where relevant, foreign-currency figures. Good records turn a stressful filing, departure, or inheritance into a routine one.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investment-records-and-statements","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-leaving-japan"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:capital-gains-and-losses","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:moving-abroad-with-investments","guide:foreign-investment-income-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-tokutei-account","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Specified accounts (tokutei kōza) and reporting","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1476.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:cash-deposits-vs-bonds:en","entityId":"guide:cash-deposits-vs-bonds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Savings accounts vs time deposits vs government bonds","plainText":"Ordinary savings give instant access, time deposits fix a rate for a term, and retail JGBs add government-backed principal — all are low-risk stores of value with low returns, and all carry inflation risk; ordinary savings suit an emergency fund.\nLiquidity, rate certainty, deposit insurance, inflation risk, early-withdrawal rules, and emergency-fund suitability.\nOrdinary savings: instant access, stable, very low return.\nTime deposits: fixed rate for a term, with early-withdrawal restrictions.\nRetail JGBs: government-backed principal, ¥10,000 minimum, redeemable after one year with a deduction.\nBank deposits are insured up to ¥10m of principal per bank; foreign-currency deposits usually are not.\nAll carry inflation risk — an emergency fund belongs in instantly accessible savings.\nLiquidity and rate certainty\nThese three tools trade access for return in small steps. Ordinary savings give instant access with a stable balance but the lowest return. A time deposit locks your money for a term in exchange for a fixed, slightly higher rate — predictable, but with early-withdrawal restrictions or penalties. A retail JGB offers government-backed principal, a ¥10,000 minimum, and monthly issuance, redeemable after one year with a deduction of the previous two interest payments.\nNone of these is a growth investment. They are places to keep money safe and reasonably accessible, with the differences mostly in how quickly you can get it and how the rate is set.\nInsurance and inflation\nBank deposits are protected by deposit insurance up to ¥10m of principal per depositor per bank, plus accrued interest; certain non-interest settlement deposits get fuller protection, while foreign-currency deposits are generally outside ordinary coverage. Retail JGBs carry the government’s credit rather than deposit insurance. Spreading large balances across banks changes coverage.\nAll of these share one risk: inflation. Because their returns are low, rising prices can erode your real purchasing power even though the yen balance does not fall. That is fine for short-term and emergency money, which needs reliability more than growth, but it is why long-horizon money is usually invested rather than left entirely in cash.\nWhich for an emergency fund\nAn emergency fund needs reliability and instant access, so ordinary savings are the natural home — you must be able to reach the money the day you need it, without market risk or withdrawal penalties. A time deposit or JGB can hold money for a known future date (a planned purchase in a year or two) where you accept slightly less flexibility for a marginally better rate or government backing.\nThe rule is to match the tool to when you will need the money: instant-access savings for emergencies and near-term spending, time deposits or JGBs for known short-term goals, and investments only for money you will not touch for years.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/cash-deposits-vs-bonds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:saving-vs-investing","guide:japanese-government-bonds","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:investor-deposit-protection"]},"sources":[{"id":"dic-deposit-insurance","publisher":"Deposit Insurance Corporation of Japan","title":"Deposit insurance system","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mof-jgb-individual","publisher":"Ministry of Finance","title":"JGBs for retail investors (kojin-muke kokusai)","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/jgbs/individual/kojinmuke/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:corporate-pensions-japan:en","entityId":"guide:corporate-pensions-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Corporate pension plans in Japan","plainText":"Corporate defined-contribution (DC) and defined-benefit (DB) plans are employer-provided retirement benefits with employer funding and plan-specific rules; check matching, the menu, and portability, and coordinate them with your NISA and iDeCo room.\nCorporate DC vs defined-benefit plans, employee contributions and matching, portability, and coordinating with NISA and iDeCo.\nCorporate DC: employer (and sometimes employee) contributions into an investment menu you choose from.\nDefined benefit (DB): the employer promises a formula-based benefit and bears more of the risk.\nEmployer matching or contributions are effectively free money — do not leave it unclaimed.\nPlans have portability rules when you change jobs; check before moving.\nAn employer plan can reduce your iDeCo contribution room — coordinate the three.\nDC vs defined benefit\nJapanese employers may offer a corporate defined-contribution plan (企業型DC), a defined-benefit plan (確定給付企業年金), or a retirement allowance. In a corporate DC plan, the employer — and sometimes you — contributes into an account, and you choose investments from the plan’s menu; your eventual benefit depends on contributions and returns. In a defined-benefit plan, the employer promises a benefit based on a formula (such as salary and tenure) and bears more of the investment and longevity risk.\nThe practical difference is who bears the risk and who chooses the investments. DC gives you control and portability but market risk; DB gives predictability but less personal control.\nContributions and portability\nWhere an employer contributes or matches, that is effectively free return, and claiming it usually beats prioritising your own accounts — this is one of the few things that can reasonably come before NISA. Check the plan document for contribution rules, any matching, vesting, and the investment menu, and favour low-cost diversified options within it.\nPortability matters when you change jobs: corporate DC assets can generally be moved (for example to a new employer’s plan or to iDeCo), while DB and retirement-allowance treatment is plan-specific. Confirm the rules before switching employers, and keep records of contributions and balances.\nCoordinating with NISA and iDeCo\nYour employer plan interacts with iDeCo: participation in a corporate DC or DB plan can reduce how much you may contribute to iDeCo, and the limits depend on your specific coverage. Check your pension category and employer-plan status before assuming an iDeCo amount, and reverify around the December 2026 rule changes.\nA sensible order for many is: claim employer matching first, then use NISA for flexible tax-free growth, then iDeCo where the deduction is valuable and lock-up acceptable — all coordinated so you neither leave employer money unclaimed nor exceed iDeCo limits. Where the plan is complex, request the plan documents and, if needed, professional guidance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/corporate-pensions-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:investing-for-retirement","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared"]},"sources":[{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jps-employees-pension","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Employees’ Pension Insurance","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/employeespension/employee.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jps-pension-system","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"National Pension system","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/nationalpension/nationalpension.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-stock-and-fund-orders-work:en","entityId":"guide:how-stock-and-fund-orders-work","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How stock and fund orders work in Japan","plainText":"Stock orders can be market (fast, uncertain price) or limit (set price, may not fill); mutual-fund orders execute at a later once-daily NAV, and both settle a few business days after the trade date — so the displayed price is not always what you get.\nMarket vs limit orders, mutual-fund NAV timing, trade date vs settlement, bid-ask spreads, and cancellation.\nMarket order (成行): fast execution at available prices, but the price is not guaranteed.\nLimit order (指値): executes only at your price or better, but may not fill.\nMutual funds execute at a once-daily NAV calculated after the order cutoff — not the displayed price.\nTrade date (約定) and settlement date (受渡) differ; cash availability follows settlement.\nETFs and stocks have a bid-ask spread; know cancellation rules before markets move.\nMarket and limit orders\nFor stocks and ETFs, the two basic order types trade certainty of execution against certainty of price. A market order (成行) executes promptly at whatever prices are available, so it is likely to fill but the exact price is not guaranteed — risky in a fast-moving or thin market. A limit order (指値) executes only at your specified price or better, giving you price control at the risk that it may not fill at all.\nBeginners often assume the price they see is the price they will get; with a market order it may not be, especially for less liquid securities. Using limit orders for anything but the most liquid names is a simple way to avoid nasty surprises.\nFund NAV timing\nMutual funds work differently: they do not trade continuously at a live price. When you place a fund order, it executes at the net asset value (基準価額) calculated once per day after the order cutoff. So the price you ultimately pay is not the one displayed when you order — it is the later-calculated NAV, which can be higher or lower.\nA common beginner mistake is assuming the displayed figure is guaranteed. For a ¥10,000 recurring fund purchase, this is usually fine and predictable, but understand that the executed price reflects the day’s NAV, not a real-time quote.\nSettlement, spreads, and cancellation\nThe trade date (約定, when your order executes) and the settlement date (受渡, when cash and securities actually change hands) are not the same — settlement follows a few business days later, and your cash availability and withdrawal timing follow settlement, not the trade date. Plan around this if you need proceeds by a specific date.\nStocks and ETFs also carry a bid-ask spread (the gap between buy and sell prices) as an implicit cost, unlike a mutual fund’s single daily NAV. Finally, know the cancellation rules: once an order executes it cannot be undone, and fund orders past the cutoff execute at the next NAV. Understanding these mechanics prevents the most common execution mistakes.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/how-stock-and-fund-orders-work","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","guide:portfolio-rebalancing"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:portfolio-rebalancing:en","entityId":"guide:portfolio-rebalancing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Portfolio rebalancing guide","plainText":"Rebalancing restores your target stock/bond weights after markets move them; the tax-efficient way is to direct new contributions toward the under-weighted asset, selling only when necessary — and preferring NISA trades or cash flows over realising taxable gains.\nWhy allocations drift, calendar vs threshold rebalancing, using contributions, and NISA vs taxable considerations.\nAllocations drift as assets rise and fall at different rates.\nCalendar rebalancing (e.g. yearly) and threshold rebalancing (e.g. ±5%) are two common rules.\nRebalancing with new contributions avoids selling and its taxes.\nOutside NISA, selling to rebalance can create taxable gains; inside NISA it uses annual allowance on repurchase.\nExample: rebalance a 60/40 target when equities exceed 65% or fall below 55%.\nWhy allocations drift\nYou choose a target mix — say 60% equities, 40% bonds — because it matches how much risk you want. But markets move the pieces at different rates: after a strong equity run, that 60/40 might become 70/30, quietly making your portfolio riskier than you intended. After a crash it might become 50/50, more conservative than planned. Rebalancing restores the target so your risk stays where you decided.\nRebalancing is a discipline, not a return-boosting trick. Its main value is keeping risk aligned with your plan and enforcing \"sell high, buy low\" mechanically, rather than acting on emotion.\nCalendar, threshold, and contributions\nTwo common rules exist. Calendar rebalancing checks and resets on a schedule — for example once a year. Threshold rebalancing acts only when an asset drifts beyond a band — for example rebalancing a 60/40 target when equities exceed 65% or fall below 55%. Many investors combine them: review on a calendar but only trade if a threshold is breached, to avoid needless small trades.\nThe most tax- and cost-efficient method is rebalancing with new contributions: direct fresh monthly money toward whichever asset is under-weighted, nudging the mix back without selling anything. For accumulating investors, this alone often keeps the allocation within band.\nNISA vs taxable considerations\nWhere you rebalance matters for tax. In a taxable account, selling a winner to rebalance realises a gain that is taxed at 20.315%, so prefer using new contributions, dividends, or cash flows first. Inside NISA, selling does not create Japanese tax, but the repurchase consumes annual allowance and the sold lifetime capacity only returns next year — so contributions are still usually the better tool.\nA practical priority order: rebalance with new contributions where possible; then use NISA trades (no tax, but mind allowance); then, only if needed, sell in the taxable account, accepting the tax. Keep the process simple and infrequent — over-rebalancing adds cost and effort without improving results.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/portfolio-rebalancing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:portfolio-maintenance","guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:how-stock-and-fund-orders-work","guide:balanced-funds"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:portfolio-maintenance:en","entityId":"guide:portfolio-maintenance","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to maintain an investment portfolio","plainText":"Maintain a portfolio with light monthly operational checks, an annual review of costs and allocation, and event-driven reviews after major life changes — letting markets move you back to target via contributions, without reacting to headlines.\nMonthly, annual, and event-driven reviews; what should and should not trigger a change; and an annual checklist.\nMonitor operational alerts (contributions, security) monthly; do strategic review once or twice a year.\nLife events — income, family, residency — should trigger a review; headlines should not.\nReview costs, funds, brokers, beneficiaries, and tax records annually.\nRebalance toward target using contributions where possible.\nPrepare for withdrawals and keep records for tax and departure.\nReview cadence\nGood maintenance is mostly light and infrequent. Monthly, you only need to confirm that automatic contributions ran and that your account security is sound (alerts on, no unexpected activity) — not to check performance. Once or twice a year, do a strategic review: is the allocation still near target, are costs still low, are the funds and broker still the best fit?\nEvent-driven reviews are the third layer: after a major change in income, family, employment, or residency, revisit whether the plan still fits. The goal is a plan you hold steadily, adjusted deliberately at sensible moments — not one you tinker with constantly.\nWhat should and should not change strategy\nThe hardest discipline is not reacting to noise. A market fall, a scary headline, or a hot investment tip should not by itself change your strategy — if your allocation was right for your goals last month, a price move alone does not make it wrong. Reacting to headlines is the most common way investors damage long-term results.\nWhat should trigger a change: a shift in your goals, time horizon, income stability, or risk capacity; a life event like marriage, a child, a job change, or a planned move abroad; or a genuine problem with a fund or broker (a big cost increase, a fund closure). Change the plan for changes in your life, not for changes in the market.\nAn annual checklist\nOnce a year, run a simple checklist. Confirm the allocation is within its band and rebalance with contributions if needed. Check costs — fund fees, and whether a better/cheaper fund or broker now exists. Review beneficiaries and account details. Retain the year’s transaction reports and dividend statements for tax. And if you are approaching withdrawals, check your cash buffer and decumulation plan.\nFor anyone with cross-border ties, add a check of foreign obligations and, if relevant, departure procedures. Keeping this to an annual routine prevents both neglect and over-tinkering, and makes tax time and any future move far smoother.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/portfolio-maintenance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:portfolio-rebalancing","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:investment-records-and-statements","guide:investing-for-retirement"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner:en","entityId":"guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How foreign residents open a brokerage account","plainText":"A foreign resident generally needs a residence card, My Number, a Japanese bank account in the same name, and valid tax-residency declarations; applications are online or by post depending on the broker, and most rejections come from name mismatches or short document validity.\nResidence card, My Number, a Japanese bank account, name matching, visa validity, and troubleshooting rejections.\nCore documents: residence card, My Number, and a Japanese bank account in your name.\nYou declare Japanese and foreign tax residency; US persons face extra FATCA steps.\nSome brokers allow full online opening; others require postal processing for foreign nationals.\nName consistency across documents is the most common make-or-break factor.\nShort residence-card validity can delay or prevent opening.\nThe documents you need\nThe core requirements are a Japan-resident address; identity evidence such as a My Number Card, residence card, driver’s licence, or passport in an accepted combination; My Number evidence; and a linked Japanese bank account in your own name for funding and withdrawals. You will also make Japanese and foreign tax-residency declarations, and provide employment, insider, and source-of-funds information.\nA My Number Card usually enables the fastest identity process; a residence card without a My Number Card is often accepted with additional My Number and address documents. US citizens and green-card holders complete a FATCA declaration and may face product restrictions.\nOnline vs postal, and visa validity\nHow you apply varies by broker. Some firms permit fully online opening with a residence card; others require postal processing for foreign nationals, which takes longer. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui publish procedures accepting residence-card documentation, though the exact online/postal path differs. Check the current process for your nationality before choosing.\nVisa and residence-card validity matter even though the tax rule is residence-based: a short remaining validity can delay or prevent opening, because the broker assesses how long you can be served. Ensure your card has reasonable time left before applying.\nTroubleshooting rejections\nCommon rejection causes are a name mismatch across documents, short document validity, an unsupported nationality or tax residence, a duplicate NISA at another institution, or a failed identity verification. Politically exposed status or a sanctioned-country connection can trigger enhanced review or rejection, and these policies are rarely published in full.\nBefore reapplying, fix the specific cause: align your name across the residence card, bank record, and application; renew a soon-to-expire card; resolve any duplicate NISA; and confirm the broker accepts your nationality and residence status. If a duplicate NISA is the issue, you may need transfer or abolition documents from the other institution first.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:brokerage-name-matching","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:what-is-nisa"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokerage-name-matching:en","entityId":"guide:brokerage-name-matching","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Brokerage name and identity problems for foreigners","plainText":"The most common reason foreigners fail brokerage applications is a name mismatch — Roman vs katakana, middle names, orderings, or shortened forms that differ across your residence card, bank account, and card; make them all consistent before applying.\nRoman letters, katakana, middle names, shortened names, and matching residence-card, bank, and card records.\nName mismatch is the single most common cause of failed foreign applications and bank linkage.\nRoman-letter, katakana, and document orderings must be consistent everywhere.\nMiddle names and shortened forms often differ across records — a frequent failure point.\nYour brokerage name must match the linked bank account and often your card.\nFix all records to one consistent form before applying.\nWhy names cause failures\nJapanese financial systems match identity strictly, and foreign names create edge cases the systems were not designed around. Your name may appear in Roman letters on your residence card, in katakana on a bank account, with or without a middle name, in different orderings, or in a shortened everyday form. When these do not match, an application can be rejected or the link to your funding bank account can fail.\nThis is not about anything being \"wrong\" with your name — it is about consistency across systems that check character-by-character. A single differing middle name or a katakana rendering that does not match can be enough to stop an application.\nAligning your records\nThe fix is consistency. Before applying to a broker, make your name identical across the residence card, the linked Japanese bank account, and — where card investing is involved — your credit card. Decide on one form (including whether to include middle names and how to render katakana) and use it everywhere. Where a record already differs, correct it at the source (bank or card issuer) first.\nThis matters most for the bank linkage: brokers require a funding bank account in the same name, so a mismatch there blocks the whole setup. Aligning records in advance turns a likely rejection into a smooth opening.\nA preparation checklist\nBefore applying, run a quick check. Confirm the exact spelling and ordering on your residence card. Confirm your bank account name (including katakana) matches it. Confirm any card you will use for investing matches too. Note whether middle names appear, and keep the same choice everywhere. Ensure your residence card has enough remaining validity.\nIf you find a mismatch, correct it before applying rather than hoping the broker will overlook it. A little preparation here avoids the most common and frustrating cause of application failure for foreigners.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokerage-name-matching","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:moving-abroad-with-investments:en","entityId":"guide:moving-abroad-with-investments","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Moving abroad with Japanese investments","plainText":"When you leave Japan, NISA generally cannot continue except in specific qualifying temporary cases, taxable accounts may or may not be maintained depending on the broker and destination, and a separate exit tax can apply to large financial-asset holders — notify your broker and download records before departure.\nWhat happens to NISA and taxable accounts, broker restrictions, remitting proceeds, exit tax, and a pre-departure checklist.\nNISA generally closes on becoming non-resident, except a qualifying temporary-departure continuation filed in advance.\nNo new NISA purchases are allowed while abroad; the continuation lasts up to a five-year window.\nTaxable accounts may be maintained or restricted depending on broker and destination country.\nA separate exit tax can apply to departing residents with large specified financial assets.\nNotify the broker before leaving, download all records, and plan remittance and home-country tax.\nWhat happens to NISA\nNISA is a residents’ benefit, so it generally cannot continue after you become non-resident. There is one exception: a person temporarily leaving for an unavoidable reason (such as a work transfer) may, if the broker offers the procedure and a continuation notice is filed before departure, keep tax treatment on existing holdings — but no new purchases are allowed while abroad, the institution cannot be changed during continuation, and a return notice must be filed by the end of the year containing the fifth anniversary, or the NISA is abolished and holdings move to a general account.\nFor other departures, or when continuation is not requested, NISA is generally closed and holdings transfer to a taxable account, subject to the broker being able to maintain that account for a non-resident.\nTaxable accounts and exit tax\nTaxable accounts vary. Whether your specified or general account can remain open after you leave depends on the broker, the destination country, and the products held — some brokers cannot serve residents of certain countries. Failure to notify the broker of your departure can lead to retroactive taxation and account restrictions, so tell them before you go.\nSeparately, a Japanese exit-tax regime can apply to certain departing residents holding at least ¥100 million in specified financial assets with sufficient prior residence history. This is not a routine rule and is fact-specific — if it might apply to you, get professional advice well before departure.\nPre-departure checklist\nPlan the exit before you go. Contact each broker and bank to understand their non-resident policy and get the written departure procedure. Decide, with tax input where holdings are material, whether to keep or sell — do not sell automatically, but compare tax, market, transfer, and continuity consequences. Download all records: annual reports, acquisition costs, dividend statements, and holdings confirmations, which you may need years later.\nAlso plan remittance of any proceeds (subject to bank, anti-money-laundering, and tax procedures), update contact details, and understand both Japanese post-departure obligations and your destination country’s tax rules. Where holdings are significant or the situation is cross-border, get individual advice.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/moving-abroad-with-investments","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-leaving-japan"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:temporary-residents-investing","guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:nisa-when-not-first","guide:investment-records-and-statements"]},"sources":[{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-for-us-citizens:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA for US citizens","plainText":"A US citizen resident in Japan can open NISA and it removes Japanese tax, but it gives no US exemption; the fund you hold inside can create PFIC and reporting problems, so NISA can still have value only after a careful, product-specific US analysis.\nThe Japanese tax benefit, the lack of automatic US exemption, fund-selection complications, broker restrictions, and reporting.\nNISA removes Japanese tax but is not a US exemption — the US taxes worldwide income.\nThe fund you hold inside NISA determines your US complications, not the wrapper itself.\nJapanese mutual funds inside NISA can be PFICs, creating Form 8621 obligations.\nSome brokers restrict US persons from foreign-stock trading; policies differ.\nNISA can still have value depending on holdings — but only after cross-border review.\nThe Japanese benefit, not a US one\nA US citizen or green-card holder who is a Japan resident can generally open NISA — eligibility is residence-based. Inside Japan, NISA works normally, removing Japanese tax on qualifying gains and dividends. The critical point is that NISA is a provision of Japanese law, not the US Internal Revenue Code, so it gives no US exemption: the US taxes citizens on worldwide income, and NISA income can still be US-reportable and taxable.\nSo a US person gets the Japanese benefit but keeps full US obligations. Whether NISA is worthwhile depends heavily on what you hold inside it and how the US treats that holding.\nFund selection is the real problem\nThe complication lives in the holdings. A Japanese-domiciled mutual fund — the standard beginner choice inside NISA — can be a PFIC for US purposes, potentially requiring a separate Form 8621 per fund and punitive taxation or complex elections. So the \"obvious\" low-cost index fund can be exactly the wrong pick for a US person without analysis. Individual eligible stocks are generally not PFICs, and US-domiciled securities avoid the PFIC issue but raise their own broker-access questions.\nSome brokers also restrict US persons: Rakuten, for example, states US persons may not trade its foreign-stock products, and others impose different rules. These are commercial/regulatory policies, not a universal NISA rule.\nWhether NISA still has value\nNISA can still be worthwhile for a US person, but only after a product-specific analysis. If you hold US-domiciled securities or individual eligible stocks that avoid the PFIC problem, NISA’s removal of Japanese tax may add genuine value with manageable US reporting. If you hold Japanese mutual funds without analysis, the US PFIC burden can outweigh the Japanese benefit.\nThe safe sequence is to complete cross-border advice before buying anything inside NISA, covering PFIC classification, Form 8621, FBAR, Form 8938, foreign tax credits, and estate exposure. NISA is not automatically good or bad for a US person — it depends entirely on the holdings and the reporting they trigger.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-for-us-citizens","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:pfic-japanese-funds","guide:fbar-form-8938","guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs"]},"sources":[{"id":"irs-pfic-8621","publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","title":"About Form 8621 (PFIC information return)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-8621","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fincen-fbar","publisher":"Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN)","title":"Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts (FBAR)","url":"https://www.fincen.gov/report-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"irs-form-8938","publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","title":"Form 8938: Statement of Specified Foreign Financial Assets","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations/do-i-need-to-file-form-8938-statement-of-specified-foreign-financial-assets","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pfic-japanese-funds:en","entityId":"guide:pfic-japanese-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PFIC rules and Japanese mutual funds","plainText":"A PFIC is a foreign passive investment company under US tax law; many Japanese mutual funds can qualify, potentially requiring a Form 8621 per fund and triggering punitive \"excess distribution\" taxation — so US persons should presume Japanese funds need analysis rather than assume they are safe.\nWhat a PFIC is, why Japanese funds may qualify, Form 8621, excess-distribution concerns, and why product-specific analysis matters.\nA PFIC is a foreign corporation that is mostly passive by income or assets, under US tax rules.\nMany non-US mutual funds, including Japanese ones, can be PFICs.\nA US shareholder may need a separate Form 8621 for each PFIC held.\nDefault PFIC taxation of \"excess distributions\" is punitive; elections are complex.\nClassification is fact-specific — presume analysis is needed, not that a fund is safe.\nWhat a PFIC is\nA Passive Foreign Investment Company (PFIC) is a US tax classification for a foreign corporation that is predominantly passive — either most of its income is passive (like dividends and interest) or most of its assets produce passive income. Pooled investment vehicles domiciled outside the US, such as many foreign mutual funds, frequently meet this test because their whole purpose is holding investments.\nA Japanese-domiciled mutual fund can therefore be a PFIC for a US shareholder. Not every foreign investment is a PFIC — shares of an ordinary operating company generally are not — but a fund whose business is holding passive assets is a classic candidate.\nForm 8621 and excess distributions\nHolding a PFIC brings reporting and, often, harsh taxation. A US person may need to file a separate Form 8621 for each PFIC held — so owning several Japanese funds can mean several forms. Under the default regime, \"excess distributions\" (large distributions or gains on sale) are taxed at high rates with an interest charge that effectively penalises the deferral, producing outcomes far worse than ordinary investment taxation.\nThere are elections (such as mark-to-market or, where available, a qualified electing fund election) that can improve the treatment, but they are complex, require specific information the fund may not readily provide, and must be handled correctly. This is specialist territory, not a do-it-yourself calculation.\nWhy product-specific analysis matters\nThe practical rule for a US person in Japan is to presume a Japanese mutual fund needs PFIC analysis rather than presume it is safe. A popular low-cost index fund is not exempt from these rules just because it is cheap and diversified. Even a Japan-listed ETF has no universal answer — many non-US fund vehicles warrant analysis.\nBecause outcomes are fact-specific and depend on the exact vehicle and elections, do not classify a product yourself from general descriptions. Before buying any Japanese pooled investment, get advice from a qualified US–Japan cross-border tax professional. Often US-domiciled ETFs or individual securities avoid the PFIC problem entirely, but whether they are available and appropriate is its own analysis.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/pfic-japanese-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","guide:fbar-form-8938","guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs"]},"sources":[{"id":"irs-pfic-8621","publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","title":"About Form 8621 (PFIC information return)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-8621","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fbar-form-8938:en","entityId":"guide:fbar-form-8938","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"FBAR and Form 8938 for Japan brokerage accounts","plainText":"A US person must file an FBAR when aggregate foreign financial accounts exceed US$10,000 at any point in the year, and separately may need Form 8938 under different thresholds; Japanese bank, brokerage, and NISA accounts can count, and filing does not by itself mean tax is due.\nForeign financial accounts, the FBAR aggregate threshold, how Form 8938 differs, NISA/brokerage inclusion, and that filing is not the same as owing tax.\nFBAR (FinCEN Report 114) is required when aggregate foreign accounts exceed US$10,000 at any time in the year.\nJapanese bank, brokerage, and NISA accounts can be reportable foreign financial accounts.\nForm 8938 is a separate FATCA filing with different, generally higher, thresholds.\nFiling one does not replace the other; you may need both.\nFiling an information return does not by itself mean you owe tax.\nFBAR basics\nThe FBAR (Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts, FinCEN Report 114) is an information report, separate from your income tax return. A US person must file it when the aggregate value of their foreign financial accounts exceeds US$10,000 at any point during the calendar year — note that it is the combined peak across all accounts, not per account. Japanese bank accounts, brokerage accounts, and certain fund accounts, including NISA, can be included.\nBecause the threshold is an aggregate and uses the highest balance during the year, it is easy to cross without realising: a few ordinary Japanese accounts can total over US$10,000 at some point. You report the maximum value of each account during the year.\nHow Form 8938 differs\nForm 8938 (Statement of Specified Foreign Financial Assets) is a separate FATCA filing attached to your income tax return, with different definitions and thresholds — which are generally higher than FBAR’s and vary by filing status and whether you live abroad. It covers \"specified foreign financial assets,\" which can include foreign accounts and certain foreign investments.\nThe key point is that FBAR and Form 8938 are two different obligations: filing one does not satisfy the other, and depending on your balances you may need to file both, neither, or one. They ask overlapping but not identical questions, which is why people often file both.\nFiling is not owing tax\nA crucial reassurance: these are information reports, not tax bills. Filing an FBAR or Form 8938 discloses that you hold foreign accounts; it does not by itself create a tax liability. Whether you owe US tax depends on your income (dividends, gains, PFIC consequences), not on the disclosure forms themselves.\nThat said, the penalties for failing to file these reports when required can be severe, so the reporting matters even though it is not a tax. If you are a US person with Japanese accounts, treat FBAR and Form 8938 as a compliance checklist to review each year, and get professional help to determine exactly which apply to you.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/fbar-form-8938","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","guide:pfic-japanese-funds","guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs"]},"sources":[{"id":"fincen-fbar","publisher":"Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN)","title":"Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts (FBAR)","url":"https://www.fincen.gov/report-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"irs-form-8938","publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","title":"Form 8938: Statement of Specified Foreign Financial Assets","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations/do-i-need-to-file-form-8938-statement-of-specified-foreign-financial-assets","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs:en","entityId":"guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japanese mutual funds vs US-domiciled ETFs for US taxpayers","plainText":"For US taxpayers, Japanese mutual funds are NISA-eligible but risk PFIC treatment, while US-domiciled ETFs avoid PFIC but need a broker that permits US persons and raise US estate-tax exposure — there is no universal answer, only an individual cross-border analysis.\nJapanese NISA eligibility, PFIC exposure, broker restrictions, currency and trading costs, withholding, reporting, and estate considerations.\nJapanese mutual funds: NISA-eligible but likely PFIC exposure for US persons.\nUS-domiciled ETFs: avoid PFIC but need a broker that accepts US persons.\nUS-situated assets can create US estate-tax exposure, including for non-US spouses.\nCurrency, trading costs, and foreign withholding differ between the two routes.\nThere is no universal recommendation — it depends on your full cross-border situation.\nThe core trade-off\nFor a US taxpayer in Japan, the two obvious routes pull in opposite directions. A Japanese mutual fund is NISA-eligible and simple to buy locally, but it likely carries PFIC exposure, with Form 8621 obligations and potentially punitive US taxation. A US-domiciled ETF avoids the PFIC problem — it is a US security — but you need a broker that permits US persons to hold it, and it may not fit neatly into NISA the way a Japanese fund does.\nSo the Japanese-tax simplicity of a domestic fund can come with US complexity, while the US-tax simplicity of a US ETF can come with access and account constraints. Neither is automatically better.\nCosts, withholding, and estate\nBeyond PFIC, several practical factors differ. Currency and trading costs: a US ETF usually requires converting yen to dollars (an FX spread) and may involve US-market trading costs, while a yen-denominated Japanese fund embeds conversion. Foreign withholding applies to dividends on US securities. And crucially, US-situated assets (like US ETFs and US stocks) can create US estate-tax exposure — a significant issue that can affect even a non-US-citizen spouse who inherits them.\nThese factors can push the decision either way depending on amounts, your reporting capacity, and your family situation. Estate exposure in particular is easy to overlook and can be material for larger holdings.\nWhy there is no universal answer\nBecause the right choice depends on the interaction of PFIC rules, broker access, currency and trading costs, withholding, US and Japanese reporting, estate exposure, and your state-tax residence, there is no one-size-fits-all recommendation. The same product can be sensible for one US person and a mistake for another.\nThe reliable step is process, not a product pick: before buying, complete an individual cross-border review with a qualified US–Japan tax professional, and keep statements in both yen and US-dollar terms. This page frames the trade-offs; it does not tell you which to buy, because that genuinely depends on facts only your adviser can assess.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/japan-funds-vs-us-etfs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:pfic-japanese-funds","guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","guide:fbar-form-8938"]},"sources":[{"id":"irs-pfic-8621","publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","title":"About Form 8621 (PFIC information return)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-8621","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"irs-form-8938","publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","title":"Form 8938: Statement of Specified Foreign Financial Assets","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations/do-i-need-to-file-form-8938-statement-of-specified-foreign-financial-assets","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fincen-fbar","publisher":"Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN)","title":"Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts (FBAR)","url":"https://www.fincen.gov/report-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-brokerages-japan:en","entityId":"guide:best-brokerages-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best brokerages in Japan","plainText":"There is no single best broker: judge on total cost, product range, tax support, language, service, and security. Under stated assumptions, SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui lead for self-directed residents, and Interactive Brokers Japan leads for verified English support.\nHow to judge a broker, why \"best\" depends on the customer, and leading candidates by use case under stated assumptions.\n\"Best\" depends on your needs — there is no universal winner.\nJudge on total cost, product range, tax-account support, language, service, and security.\nSBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui lead for self-directed residents making monthly purchases.\nIBKR Japan leads for verified end-to-end English support and global-market access.\nWeight promotional point rates low — they change and can be outweighed by card fees.\nHow to judge a broker\nThe rankings here assume an individual Japan resident who trades online, accepts electronic delivery, invests mainly through NISA and a specified account, makes monthly purchases of roughly ¥30,000–¥100,000, and values low all-in cost, product breadth, tax administration, security, and reliability. Under different assumptions — active trading, human advice, a specific ecosystem — the answer changes.\nJudge on total cost (commissions, FX spreads, fund fees, transfer fees), product range, tax-account support, language, customer service, and security — not on the lowest headline commission or a temporary point rate. Promotional point rates receive low weight because they change and can be outweighed by card annual fees or spending requirements.\nLeading candidates by customer type\nFor a self-directed, Japanese-speaking beginner making monthly purchases, SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui are the natural first comparison: broad NISA fund menus, recurring purchases, low online pricing, and established infrastructure. Matsui is especially attractive for support-oriented beginners and small domestic-stock trades; Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart suits users embedded in the MUFG, au, or Ponta ecosystems.\nFor an English-dominant resident, Interactive Brokers Japan has the clearest verified end-to-end English website and support plus broad global-market access, though its professional interface suits investors comfortable with cross-border detail more than someone wanting the simplest Japanese fund experience.\nVerify before you commit\nWhatever the shortlist, verify the specific facts that matter to you before funding an account: does the broker carry the exact fund you intend, in the allowance you intend; does it accept your nationality and residence status; what are the FX and transfer costs; and what is its departure policy if you might leave Japan. Registration in the FSA operator database (and JSDA membership) confirms legal authorization but not suitability.\nThe other pages in this cluster narrow the choice by use case — beginners, foreign residents, English support, NISA, Japanese stocks, US stocks, mutual funds, small monthly investing, active trading, and points — each applying the same standardized dimensions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/best-brokerages-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:brokerage-fees-compared","guide:brokers-for-beginners","guide:brokers-english-support"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokerage-fees-compared:en","entityId":"guide:brokerage-fees-compared","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Brokerage fees in Japan compared","plainText":"Compare the whole cost stack: domestic and foreign commissions, FX spreads, fund expense ratios, fractional-share spreads, and transfer fees. Several brokers charge about 0.495% (max US$22) on taxable US trades and ¥0 on covered NISA products, but \"zero commission\" never means zero cost.\nDomestic commissions, foreign-stock commissions, FX spreads, fund costs, fractional-share spreads, and why zero commission is not zero cost.\nDomestic online stock commissions can be ¥0 under routing/e-delivery conditions.\nTaxable US-stock commission is commonly 0.495%, capped at US$22; NISA-covered US products can be ¥0.\nFX spreads on yen↔foreign currency are a real, recurring cost — some advertise a zero USD/JPY spread.\nFund expense ratios, fractional-share spreads, and transfer-out fees add to the total.\nZero commission does not mean zero cost: spreads, fund fees, and withholding remain.\nDomestic and foreign commissions\nHeadline commissions have fallen sharply. Several large online brokers offer ¥0 domestic online stock trades under conditions (accepting electronic delivery and any required smart-order-routing consent), and ¥0 on NISA-covered domestic and US shares and funds. For taxable US-stock trades, a common schedule is about 0.495% of the trade value, capped at roughly US$22.\nTraditional full-service and branch channels cost far more — branch domestic commissions can exceed 1% with a minimum charge. So the same trade can be near-free online or over a hundred times more expensive through a branch; match the channel to your needs.\nFX spreads and fund costs\nFor foreign securities, the FX spread — the gap between the rate the broker buys and sells currency — is often a bigger cost than the commission. Some brokers advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread; others apply a per-dollar spread (for example around ¥0.20). Verify the current terms and direction, because conversion costs recur every time you buy or sell.\nFund-level costs matter more than trading fees for long-term holders: the trust fee (信託報酬), plus any underlying-fund expenses, custody, and tracking difference, compound every year. A slightly cheaper commission is irrelevant next to a fund that costs 1% more per year.\nFractional shares, transfers, and hidden costs\nOther costs hide below the headline. Fractional or odd-lot share purchases can carry a wider spread than round lots. Transfer-out fees apply if you move securities to another broker. Bid-ask spreads on stocks and ETFs are an implicit cost. Foreign dividends carry source-country withholding. And some \"zero commission\" offers require electronic delivery or routing consent to apply.\nThe lesson is to compare the whole stack for your actual usage — not just the commission line. A broker with a slightly higher commission but a tighter FX spread and cheaper funds can be cheaper overall for a global investor. Add up the costs you will actually incur.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokerage-fees-compared","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:brokerage-account-requirements","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:currency-risk-yen"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-fees","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: fees","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-fees","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: fees","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/commission/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"monex-fees","publisher":"Monex Securities","title":"Monex Securities: fees","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/service/fee/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokerage-account-requirements:en","entityId":"guide:brokerage-account-requirements","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Brokerage account requirements compared","plainText":"Opening any Japanese brokerage account requires My Number, identity evidence, a matching Japanese bank account, and tax-residency declarations; US persons add a FATCA declaration and face product restrictions, and most rejections come from name mismatches, short document validity, or a duplicate NISA.\nMy Number, residence card, tax IDs, name matching, US-person declarations, visa validity, insider declarations, and rejection causes.\nMy Number is ordinarily required for securities tax administration and NISA.\nA residence card and a Japanese bank account in a matching name are core requirements.\nUS citizenship/green card triggers a FATCA declaration and possible product restrictions.\nShort residence-card validity, insider status, and multiple tax residencies affect processing.\nCommon rejection causes: name mismatch, short validity, duplicate NISA, or failed verification.\nCore requirements\nEvery applicant needs identity evidence and My Number, which is ordinarily required for securities tax administration and NISA. A My Number Card usually gives the fastest process; a residence card or other ID without it is often accepted with additional My Number and address documents. You also need a Japanese bank account in your own name for funding, and you declare Japanese and foreign tax residency.\nBeyond the basics, brokers collect employment, insider, nationality, and source-of-funds information. Corporate insiders face additional declarations and trading restrictions tied to their employer and any listed company they are connected to.\nUS persons, visas, and multiple residencies\nCertain situations add steps. US citizenship or a green card triggers a FATCA declaration and can bring product restrictions — some brokers prohibit US persons from foreign-stock trading. Multiple tax residencies require additional tax-identification numbers and self-certification. A politically exposed person or a connection to a sanctioned country can trigger enhanced review or rejection.\nVisa and residence-card validity matter even though the tax rule is residence-based: short remaining validity can delay or prevent opening. If you plan to leave Japan, confirm the non-resident continuation policy before applying, since it affects what happens to the account later.\nCommon rejection causes\nMost rejections trace to a few causes: a name mismatch across the residence card, bank record, and application (the single most common); short document validity; an unsupported nationality or tax residence; a duplicate NISA at another institution; or a failed identity verification. If you already have NISA elsewhere, you may need transfer or abolition documents before a new NISA opening.\nThe fix is preparation: align your name everywhere, renew a soon-to-expire card, resolve any duplicate NISA, and confirm the broker accepts your status. Processing time ranges from same-day provisional access to several weeks, depending on documents and tax-authority confirmation.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokerage-account-requirements","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:brokerage-name-matching","guide:brokerage-fees-compared","guide:investing-as-foreign-resident"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:online-vs-full-service-brokers:en","entityId":"guide:online-vs-full-service-brokers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Online vs full-service brokerages","plainText":"Online brokers win on cost and app usability for self-directed passive investing; full-service brokers add human advice, bonds, IPO access, inheritance and wealth services, but at much higher commissions and with potential distribution conflicts.\nOnline brokers vs branch brokers: advice and human support, bonds/IPOs/inheritance, cost differences, and conflicts.\nOnline brokers: lowest cost, best apps, ideal for self-directed passive investing.\nFull-service brokers: human advice, bonds, IPOs, inheritance, and wealth services.\nBranch/comprehensive-course commissions can exceed 1% vs near-zero online.\nAdviser compensation is not neutral — product distribution can create conflicts.\nMany investors self-direct online and use full-service only for specific complex needs.\nWhat online brokers do best\nOnline brokers (SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and others) are built for self-directed investing: low or zero commissions under conditions, strong mobile apps, easy recurring purchases, broad low-cost fund menus, and point/card integrations. For a beginner or a passive long-term investor buying a diversified index fund monthly, they are usually the cheapest and most convenient choice by a wide margin.\nTheir trade-off is that you make the decisions. There is guidance and education, but no human adviser managing your portfolio — which for a simple index strategy is a feature, not a gap.\nWhat full-service adds\nFull-service brokers (Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, Mizuho) add human advice, physical branches, and access to bonds, IPO allocations, inheritance and estate services, and wealth management. For complex situations, high-net-worth needs, or investors who genuinely value guidance and in-person support, that service can justify the cost.\nBut the cost is real: branch and comprehensive-course commissions can exceed 1% on routine domestic trades, versus near-zero online, and product menus can carry higher ongoing fees. For simple passive investing, that gap is hard to justify.\nConflicts and choosing\nWith advice comes a caution: adviser compensation is not neutral. When a firm earns more from selling certain products, recommendations can reflect distribution incentives as well as your interests. This does not make advice worthless, but it means you should demand the explicit all-in cost and a benchmark comparison for any recommendation, and scrutinise rather than accept on trust.\nA common structure is to self-direct low-cost investing online and use a full-service relationship only for specific needs — a complex bond, an IPO, or estate planning — where the service genuinely adds value. Match the channel to the task rather than defaulting to one for everything.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/online-vs-full-service-brokers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:advised-investing-japan","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:robo-advisors-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-beginners:en","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-beginners","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best brokerages for beginners","plainText":"Beginners are best served by brokers with easy opening, a clear app, low fund minimums (from ¥100), simple recurring purchases, and good support — Rakuten, SBI, Matsui, and Monex are the usual shortlist for a Japanese-speaking beginner.\nEase of opening, app usability, education, fund minimums, recurring investment, and support for first-time investors.\nPrioritise easy opening, a clear app, and simple recurring purchases over advanced tools.\nLow fund minimums (often ¥100) let you start small and automate.\nRakuten, SBI, Matsui, and Monex are the usual beginner shortlist.\nMatsui is notable for support and small domestic-stock trades.\nOnboarding is mostly Japanese-language; verify English needs separately.\nWhat matters for a beginner\nAs a beginner, the advanced features that impress active traders barely matter. What matters is getting started and staying consistent: a straightforward account-opening process, an app you can navigate without confusion, low fund minimums so you can start small, and simple recurring purchases so investing becomes automatic. Beginner education and responsive support help you build confidence.\nYou do not need margin, derivatives, or fifty markets. You need to buy one diversified low-cost fund every month without friction. Choose the broker that makes that easy, not the one with the longest feature list.\nThe usual shortlist\nFor a Japanese-speaking beginner, Rakuten, SBI, Matsui, and Monex are the natural first comparison. All offer broad NISA fund menus, ¥100 minimums, recurring purchases, and established infrastructure. Rakuten and SBI are the default low-cost choices with strong ecosystems; Matsui is particularly beginner-friendly with strong telephone support and useful small domestic-stock pricing; Monex is strong for research if you grow into it.\nEcosystem fit can break the tie: if you already use Rakuten services, Rakuten Securities integrates neatly; if you use SMBC/Olive or V Points, SBI fits; if you are in the MUFG/au/Ponta world, Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart is worth a look.\nGetting started well\nOnce you pick a broker, the beginner path is the same everywhere: open NISA, choose one diversified low-cost index fund, set up a monthly recurring purchase you can sustain, and automate it. Do not over-optimise the broker choice — the difference between the top few is small compared with actually starting and staying invested.\nIf English support is essential at opening or for tax documents, that is a separate consideration — most beginner-friendly brokers onboard mainly in Japanese, so check the English-support page before assuming.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokers-for-beginners","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-for-beginners","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokers-english-support","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-english-support:en","entityId":"guide:brokers-english-support","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best English-support brokerages","plainText":"Among providers verified in the research, Interactive Brokers Japan has the clearest end-to-end English website and support; Japanese brokers are mainly Japanese-language, and browser translation does not make the legally controlling documents English.\nEnglish website, application, trading interface, tax documents, and support — and the limits of browser translation.\nIBKR Japan has the strongest verified end-to-end English support among providers covered.\nConfirm English at each stage you need: opening, trading, tax documents, and incident support.\nMost Japanese brokers onboard and support mainly in Japanese.\nBrowser translation is not a substitute — controlling documents may remain Japanese.\nIBKR’s professional platform suits investors comfortable with cross-border detail.\nThe clearest English option\nAmong the providers verified in this research, Interactive Brokers Securities Japan has the clearest end-to-end English: an English website, English application, English trading interface, and English telephone, email, and chat support, plus broad international-market access and NISA support. For an English-dominant resident, it is the strongest verified choice.\nThe trade-off is that IBKR is a professional platform. Its order types, market access, and cross-border tax detail can overwhelm a beginner who simply wants to buy one Japanese index fund. It suits investors comfortable with a more complex interface and cross-border considerations.\nCheck English at each stage\nEnglish support is not all-or-nothing. Confirm it at each stage you actually need: account opening, day-to-day trading, tax documents, and — critically — support during a problem (a trade error, a security incident, a departure from Japan). A broker with an English marketing page may still handle incidents or tax paperwork only in Japanese.\nSome Japanese brokers offer partial English resources, but the legally controlling account-opening and trading documents, and live support, are often Japanese. Do not infer full English support from a few translated pages.\nThe limits of browser translation\nBrowser translation can make a Japanese broker usable day-to-day, but it has real limits. The documents that legally bind you — account agreements, risk disclosures, tax forms — remain Japanese, and a machine translation is not an official version you can rely on for a dispute. Live support during an urgent problem will also be in Japanese.\nSo browser translation is a convenience for a confident user, not a true English-support substitute. If genuine English support at every critical stage is essential, IBKR Japan is the verified option; if you can handle Japanese documents (with help where needed), the broader Japanese brokers open up with their lower-cost fund ecosystems.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokers-english-support","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokers-for-foreign-residents","guide:ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-foreign-residents:en","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-foreign-residents","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best brokerages for foreign residents","plainText":"Foreign residents are best served by brokers that publish residence-card procedures — SBI, Monex, Rakuten, Matsui, and IBKR Japan — but acceptance depends on visa, tax residence, nationality, and product, and some require postal rather than online opening.\nResidence-card support, My Number, postal vs online opening, nationality restrictions, non-resident policies, and required documents.\nSBI, Monex, Rakuten, Matsui, and IBKR Japan publish foreign-resident procedures.\nAcceptance depends on visa, tax residence, nationality, and product.\nSome brokers require postal processing for foreign nationals rather than full online opening.\nUS persons face product restrictions at some brokers.\nPrepare a residence card, My Number, and a matching Japanese bank account.\nBrokers with published procedures\nEligibility is residence-based, not nationality-based, so a qualifying foreign resident can open an account and NISA. In practice, SBI, Monex, Rakuten, and Matsui publish procedures accepting residence-card documentation, and Interactive Brokers Japan onboards Japan residents with an English process. These are the natural shortlist for a foreign resident.\nBut broker policies can be stricter than the tax statute. Acceptance depends on your visa, tax residence, nationality, and the products you want, and these matrices are rarely published in full — so confirm your specific case before assuming.\nOnline vs postal and restrictions\nHow you open varies. Some brokers allow full online opening with a residence card; others require postal processing for foreign nationals, which is slower. If speed matters, check the exact path for your nationality. US citizens and green-card holders complete a FATCA declaration and can face product restrictions — some brokers prohibit US persons from foreign-stock trading.\nNationality restrictions, sanctioned-country connections, or politically exposed status can trigger enhanced review or rejection. None of this is unusual, but it means the \"best\" foreign-resident broker is the one that accepts your specific status and carries the products you want.\nA required-document checklist\nBefore applying, prepare: a residence card with reasonable remaining validity; My Number evidence; a Japanese bank account in your own name with a name that matches your application; and, if you are a US person, awareness that FATCA and product restrictions apply. Confirm English support at each stage you need it, and if you might leave Japan, ask about the non-resident continuation policy first.\nAligning your name across the residence card, bank account, and any card is the single most important preparation, because a mismatch is the most common cause of rejection or failed bank linkage.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokers-for-foreign-residents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:brokers-english-support","guide:brokerage-account-requirements"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:points-investing:en","entityId":"guide:points-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best brokerages for points investing","plainText":"Points investing lets you earn or spend loyalty points (Rakuten, V, d, Ponta, PayPay) through a broker in its ecosystem; it is a useful fee rebate, but ecosystem lock-in and changing terms mean product quality and total cost should decide the broker, not points.\nRakuten, V, d, Ponta, and PayPay points; earning vs spending points; ecosystem lock-in; and expiring/changing terms.\nMajor ecosystems: Rakuten Points, V Points (SBI), d Points (Monex), Ponta, PayPay Points.\nYou can earn points on investing and, at some brokers, invest points themselves.\nPoint programs create ecosystem lock-in — switching later can mean losing integration.\nReward rates and terms change and can be outweighed by card annual fees.\nLet product quality and total cost decide the broker; treat points as a bonus.\nThe major point ecosystems\nEach large broker sits inside a point ecosystem: Rakuten Securities with Rakuten Points, SBI with V Points, Monex with d Points, Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart with Ponta, and PayPay Securities with PayPay Points. Within its ecosystem, a broker lets you earn points on credit-card fund purchases and other activity, and some let you invest accumulated points directly into funds.\nThe appeal is a low psychological barrier and a small rebate on costs. If you already live in one of these ecosystems — you shop with Rakuten, or use an SMBC/Olive card — the integration can be genuinely convenient.\nEarning vs spending points\nTwo things get conflated. Earning points on investing (via credit-card tsumitate or activity) is a rebate on what you were doing anyway. Spending points to invest (converting loyalty points into fund purchases) is a way to put small, otherwise-idle points to work. Both are fine, but neither is a reason to invest more than your plan calls for, or to buy a worse fund.\nCalculate the real value. A 1% reward on ¥100,000 a month is ¥12,000 a year — meaningful, but easily erased by a card annual fee charged only to unlock the rate. Points are a secondary fee rebate, not an investment thesis.\nLock-in and changing terms\nThe real risk is lock-in. Choosing a broker mainly for its points ties you into one commercial ecosystem, and switching later can mean losing the integration and any accumulated benefit. Meanwhile, reward rates and program terms change frequently, and points can expire — the rate that attracted you may not last.\nSo let product quality, total cost, tax support, and service decide the broker, and treat points as a modest bonus when a broker you would choose anyway happens to offer a good program. Do not let a point rate steer you into an expensive card or a worse fund.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/points-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:credit-card-investing","guide:is-credit-card-investing-worth-it","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-points","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: points","url":"https://go.sbisec.co.jp/lp/lp_pointservice.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-points","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: points","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/service/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"monex-points","publisher":"Monex Securities","title":"Monex Securities: points","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/service/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:is-credit-card-investing-worth-it:en","entityId":"guide:is-credit-card-investing-worth-it","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is credit-card investing worth it?","plainText":"Credit-card investing is worth it when the card is already economical for you and the fund is appropriate; a 1% reward on ¥100,000/month is ¥12,000/year, which a ¥33,000 card fee easily erases unless the card’s other benefits genuinely justify it.\nThe reward calculation, card annual fees, required spending, temporary promotions, and a worked ¥100,000/month example.\nCalculate reward minus annual card fee minus any spending you would not otherwise do.\nA 1% reward on ¥100,000/month is ¥12,000/year.\nA ¥33,000 card fee needs ¥21,000+ of other genuine value to be worth it for the reward alone.\nSeparate the ongoing rate from first-year or campaign bonuses.\nPoints should never push you into a worse fund or unnecessary spending.\nThe reward calculation\nCredit-card tsumitate earns points on your monthly fund purchases, typically up to ¥100,000 a month. To judge whether it is worth it, do one calculation: reward minus the card’s annual fee minus any incremental spending you would not otherwise make to qualify for the rate. Only the net figure is real value.\nThe gross reward is easy: a 1% rate on ¥100,000 a month is ¥12,000 a year; a 0.5% rate is ¥6,000. These are pleasant but modest sums, and they are the ceiling before any costs are subtracted.\nCard fees and required spending\nThe reward is only worthwhile if the card itself makes sense. Higher reward rates often come from premium cards with annual fees, or require a minimum of non-investment spending on the card. If you pay a ¥33,000 annual fee purely to obtain a ¥12,000 investing reward, you are ¥21,000 worse off unless the card’s other benefits (insurance, lounge access, other points) provide at least that much value you would actually use.\nAlso beware required spending: a rate that depends on spending, say, ¥1 million a year on the card is not free if it pushes you to spend more than you otherwise would. Count only the benefits you would genuinely use anyway.\nA worked example\nTake ¥100,000 a month funded by a card. At a standard 0.5% rate on a low- or no-fee card, you earn ¥6,000 a year for essentially no cost — a clear, if small, win. At an advertised 1% on a card with a ¥33,000 annual fee, the ¥12,000 reward is more than wiped out by the fee unless you separately value the card’s perks by ¥21,000+. And a headline \"3%\" first-year rate is usually a promotion, not the ongoing rate — separate temporary bonuses from what you will earn every year.\nThe rule: when the card is already economical for you and the fund is one you would buy anyway, credit-card investing is a nice bonus. When you are choosing the card, the fund, or the spending mainly to chase the reward, it is usually not worth it. Points are a fee rebate, not the reason to invest.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/is-credit-card-investing-worth-it","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:credit-card-investing","guide:points-investing","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-card-investment","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: card-investment","url":"https://go.sbisec.co.jp/prd/fund/creditcard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-card-investment","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: card-investment","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/fund/saving/card.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-nisa:en","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-nisa","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best brokerages for NISA","plainText":"For NISA, SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart lead on broad eligibility, low NISA transaction charges, and recurring services; the best fit depends on which funds you want, your ecosystem, and whether you need foreign-stock support.\nNISA product range, mutual funds, Japanese and US stocks, fees and FX, recurring purchases, card/point integration, and foreign-resident support.\nSBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and MUFG eSmart lead for NISA overall.\nCompare the eligible fund lineup, recurring-purchase controls, and NISA transaction charges.\nForeign-stock support in NISA is broker-specific — confirm the exact products.\nCard and point integration differ by ecosystem and change frequently.\nOne broker receives your NISA purchases per year; existing holdings stay if you switch.\nProduct range and recurring purchases\nFor NISA, the first thing to compare is the eligible product range and how easily you can automate it. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart all offer broad NISA fund menus, ¥100 minimums, and recurring purchases, and generally advertise ¥0 commissions on NISA-covered domestic shares and funds. Check that your intended fund is on the FSA list and offered by the broker in the allowance you want.\nRecurring-purchase controls matter for the tsumitate allowance: monthly dates, bonus-month settings, and how easily you can adjust amounts. These small differences affect how smoothly you can run a long-term plan.\nForeign stocks and ecosystems\nIf you want US or other foreign stocks inside NISA, support is broker-specific. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui offer NISA US-stock trading (often ¥0 on covered products), while foreign-market breadth and FX terms differ. IBKR Japan supports eligible domestic and foreign products in NISA with global reach. Confirm the exact securities and the FX cost, since foreign withholding remains even in NISA.\nEcosystem integration can decide a close call: Rakuten Card/Points with Rakuten, SMBC/Olive and V Points with SBI, d Card/Points with Monex, MUFG/au/Ponta with eSmart. These are conveniences, not reasons to accept a worse fund menu.\nOne institution per year\nRemember the structural NISA rule: only one institution can receive your new NISA purchases in a given year, though you can generally change institutions by year. If you switch, your existing NISA holdings normally stay at the old broker in that NISA relationship — they do not transfer into the new broker’s NISA — so choose carefully to avoid fragmenting your NISA across firms.\nBecause switching is possible but not seamless, weigh the fund menu, costs, and ecosystem for the long term. The best NISA broker is the one you will happily keep, that carries your funds, and that fits your status.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokers-for-nisa","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokers-for-mutual-funds","guide:nisa-choose-broker"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-nisa","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: nisa","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/nisa","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-nisa","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: nisa","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"monex-nisa","publisher":"Monex Securities","title":"Monex Securities: nisa","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/nisa/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-mutual-funds:en","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-mutual-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best brokerages for mutual funds","plainText":"For mutual funds, SBI, Rakuten, and Monex lead on very broad lineups, ¥100 minimums, recurring and card-based investing, and point programs — but a huge lineup can encourage needless fund proliferation, so a broad low-cost core still matters most.\nFund lineup, minimum investment, automatic investing, NISA eligibility, point programs, credit-card investing, and screening tools.\nSBI, Rakuten, and Monex offer very broad fund lineups with low minimums (from ¥100).\nAutomatic recurring and credit-card investing make monthly accumulation easy.\nConfirm NISA eligibility and point/card integration for your specific funds.\nScreening and comparison tools help, but recent performance is not a selection basis.\nA large lineup can tempt you into owning too many overlapping funds.\nLineup, minimums, and automation\nFor fund investors, SBI, Rakuten, and Monex stand out with very broad lineups, ¥100 minimums, and easy automation. You can set a monthly recurring purchase, and at supporting brokers fund it with a partner credit card to earn points. This combination makes steady, low-cost accumulation straightforward — the core of most beginners’ plans.\nCheck that your intended fund is available, NISA-eligible where you want it, and supported for recurring purchases. The big three cover the popular low-cost index funds, but exact availability and card integration differ.\nScreening and comparison tools\nA good broker provides screening and comparison tools — filtering by asset class, benchmark, cost, and NISA eligibility, and comparing funds side by side. These help you evaluate a fund on benchmark, expense ratio, tracking difference, and size. Use them to check that a fund is tracking its index sensibly and is cheap, not to rank funds by recent return.\nThe classic trap is selecting \"last year’s best fund.\" Recent performance is an unreliable guide to future relative results; a top-ranked fund can lag next year. Let the tools inform a cost- and benchmark-based decision, not a performance chase.\nAvoiding fund proliferation\nA very large lineup has a downside: it tempts you to collect many overlapping thematic and regional funds, adding complexity and cost without real diversification. Owning ten funds that all hold the same US large caps is not more diversified than owning one broad global fund — it is just harder to manage.\nKeep it simple. Decide your allocation, pick one broad low-cost fund as the core, and add anything else only as a deliberate, limited satellite. The best fund broker is the one that carries your chosen low-cost funds and automates them — the size of the total lineup is largely irrelevant to that goal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokers-for-mutual-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:brokers-for-nisa","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:credit-card-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-recurring","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: recurring","url":"https://go.sbisec.co.jp/prd/fund/creditcard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-recurring","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: recurring","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/fund/saving/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"monex-recurring","publisher":"Monex Securities","title":"Monex Securities: recurring","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/fund/tsumitate/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-us-stocks:en","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-us-stocks","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best brokerages for US stocks","plainText":"For US stocks, SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and IBKR Japan lead on NISA support and competitive trading/FX; compare the 0.495%/US$22 commission model and FX spreads, note that US dividends carry US withholding even in NISA, and check US-person restrictions.\nTrading commissions, FX spreads, NISA support, available securities, extended hours, research, US-taxpayer restrictions, and withholding.\nSBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and IBKR Japan support US stocks with competitive terms.\nTaxable US commission is commonly 0.495% capped at US$22; NISA-covered products can be ¥0.\nFX spreads matter as much as commission — some advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread.\nUS dividends carry US source-country withholding even inside NISA.\nSome brokers restrict US persons from foreign-stock trading; check before applying.\nCommissions, FX, and NISA\nFor US stocks, several large brokers share a similar model: about 0.495% commission on taxable trades, capped at roughly US$22, and ¥0 on NISA-covered US shares and ETFs. So on cost, SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui are broadly comparable, and the FX spread often matters more than the commission — some advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread, others a per-dollar spread. Verify current conversion terms.\nIBKR Japan uses a different, professional pricing model with interbank-style currency execution plus commission, and supports eligible US products in NISA. It suits investors comfortable with a professional platform and broad global access.\nSecurities, hours, and research\nBeyond cost, compare the available securities (the exact tickers and ETFs), extended-hours trading, and research tools. Monex is noted for strong US-stock research, screening, and analytical tools; moomoo and Webull offer data-heavy, active-trading-oriented platforms; IBKR offers the widest global reach. If you trade specific US names or want after-hours access, check each broker’s exact support.\nFor a passive investor buying a US index fund monthly, most of this is secondary — a low-cost fund at a mainstream broker does the job. The advanced US-stock features matter mainly to more active or research-driven investors.\nWithholding and US-person restrictions\nTwo cross-border points are essential. First, US dividends carry US source-country withholding even inside NISA — NISA removes only Japanese tax — so model the after-withholding yield. Second, US persons face restrictions: Rakuten, for example, states US persons may not trade its foreign-stock products, and other brokers impose different rules. If you are a US taxpayer, confirm the broker accepts you and get cross-border advice before buying.\nFor non-US persons, the main choice is cost, FX, and platform; for US persons, broker acceptance and US tax treatment come first, and US-domiciled ETFs bought at a permitting broker may be simpler than Japanese funds.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokers-for-us-stocks","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:brokerage-fees-compared","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:global-investors-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-fees","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: fees","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-fees","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: fees","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/commission/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"monex-fees","publisher":"Monex Securities","title":"Monex Securities: fees","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/service/fee/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-japanese-stocks:en","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-japanese-stocks","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best brokerages for Japanese stocks","plainText":"For Japanese stocks, SBI, Rakuten, Matsui, Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart, and moomoo lead on low online commissions, odd-lot or fractional shares, and strong apps; Matsui is notable for small-value domestic pricing, and zero-commission offers may carry routing or e-delivery conditions.\nDomestic commissions, odd-lot/fractional shares, research and screening, IPO access, mobile apps, and NISA availability.\nSBI, Rakuten, Matsui, MUFG eSmart, and moomoo lead for domestic shares.\nZero-commission domestic trades can carry routing or electronic-delivery conditions.\nOdd-lot/fractional shares (単元未満株) let you buy below the 100-share unit.\nMatsui offers useful low-value domestic pricing; moomoo brings data and one-share buys.\nConfirm IPO access, research/screening, and NISA availability for your needs.\nCommissions and odd lots\nFor domestic shares, SBI, Rakuten, Matsui, and Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart offer very low or ¥0 online commissions, though zero-commission programs can require accepting electronic delivery and any smart-order-routing condition. Matsui is particularly attractive for small domestic-stock transactions with free cash trading within a published daily threshold. Read the conditions so \"zero\" is actually zero for your trades.\nOdd-lot or fractional-share services (単元未満株) let you buy fewer than one 100-share unit, useful for higher-priced shares or small budgets. moomoo supports one-share Japanese purchases and brings powerful data and charting.\nResearch, screening, and IPOs\nIf you analyse individual Japanese companies, compare research and screening tools and IPO access. Brokers differ in fundamental data, screeners, and how they allocate IPOs (allocation methods and historical rates vary and are not always disclosed). moomoo is strong on data and community; the large brokers offer solid screening; full-service firms have deeper IPO and research resources at higher cost.\nFor a passive investor using a broad TOPIX or Nikkei index fund, most of this is unnecessary — a low-cost Japan index fund at a mainstream broker suffices. The advanced tools matter for stock pickers, not index buyers.\nActive vs long-term users\nMatch the broker to how you invest. Active domestic traders value low per-trade costs, fast apps, charting, and screening — SBI, Rakuten, Matsui, and moomoo all fit, with MUFG eSmart strong for ecosystem users. Long-term investors mostly need a cheap, reliable way to buy a broad Japan index fund monthly in NISA, which any mainstream broker handles.\nSo the \"best\" Japanese-stock broker depends on whether you are trading names or accumulating an index. Decide that first, then compare the features that actually apply to your style.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokers-for-japanese-stocks","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks","guide:japan-equity-funds","guide:brokerage-fees-compared","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-fees","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: fees","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"matsui-fees","publisher":"Matsui Securities","title":"Matsui Securities: fees","url":"https://www.matsui.co.jp/service/commission/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-small-investments:en","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-small-investments","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best brokerages for small monthly investments","plainText":"For ¥100–¥30,000 monthly, PayPay, Rakuten, SBI, Monex, and Matsui suit small, app-based investing with low minimums, fractional shares, and recurring mutual funds — but convenience should not override product quality or lead to overtrading tiny positions.\nMinimum purchases, fractional shares, recurring mutual funds, points, and avoiding unnecessary trading for ¥100–¥30,000 investors.\nPayPay, Rakuten, SBI, Monex, and Matsui suit small, app-based monthly investing.\nFund minimums from ¥100 and fractional shares let you start very small.\nRecurring mutual funds automate accumulation; points add a small rebate.\nPayPay is strong for very small, app-first purchases (from ~¥100).\nDo not overtrade tiny positions — fixed costs and spreads eat small amounts.\nLow minimums and fractional shares\nA small monthly budget is well served by brokers built for it. PayPay Securities allows purchases from around ¥100 in a mobile-first experience; Rakuten, SBI, Monex, and Matsui offer ¥100 fund minimums and recurring purchases. Fractional or odd-lot shares let you buy stocks below a full 100-share unit, so even a modest amount can be invested each month without waiting to accumulate a lump sum.\nThe point is that ¥5,000–¥30,000 a month is entirely workable everywhere in this shortlist. The differences are in the app experience, the ecosystem, and small details, not in whether small investing is possible.\nAutomation and points\nFor small monthly investing, automation is everything: set a recurring mutual-fund purchase and let it run, so investing needs no monthly decision. At supporting brokers you can fund it with a partner credit card to earn points — a small rebate that is nice when the card already suits you. Put the purchases in NISA so even modest gains stay tax-free.\nChoose one diversified low-cost fund as the core rather than spreading tiny amounts across many products. The habit of investing consistently, even ¥5,000, matters far more than the exact broker or a fraction of a percent in points.\nAvoiding unnecessary trading\nThe main risk for small investors is not the broker — it is behaviour. Overtrading tiny positions, or chasing small thematic bets, lets fixed costs and spreads eat into modest sums, and frequent buying and selling undermines the compounding that makes small, consistent investing powerful. Set the plan and leave it alone.\nAlso resist letting convenience or points steer you into a worse or costlier fund. The best small-investment broker is simply one with low minimums, easy automation, and your chosen low-cost fund. Once that is set up, the most valuable thing you can do is nothing — keep contributing and let time work.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokers-for-small-investments","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:small-monthly-budget-investing","guide:brokers-for-beginners","guide:credit-card-investing","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-active-traders:en","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-active-traders","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best brokerages for active traders","plainText":"Active traders are best served by IBKR Japan, moomoo, Webull, GMO Click, and SBI for advanced orders, data, margin, and derivatives — but leverage, extended hours, and frequent trading carry higher behavioural, leverage, and tax risks.\nOrders and charting, screening, margin and derivatives, extended hours, data, trading costs, and the risks of leverage and overtrading.\nIBKR Japan, moomoo, Webull, GMO Click, and SBI suit active trading.\nCompare order types, charting, screening, data, extended hours, and margin/derivatives.\nTrading costs and spreads matter more when you trade frequently.\nLeverage and daily-reset leveraged products carry path-dependency risk.\nOvertrading and frequent taxable events can quietly erode returns.\nTools that matter for active trading\nActive traders need capabilities passive investors do not: advanced order types, fast and detailed charting, powerful screening, real-time data, extended-hours trading, and access to margin, futures, or derivatives. Interactive Brokers Japan offers the broadest professional toolset and global markets; moomoo and Webull provide data-heavy, community-oriented platforms; GMO Click is strong for active domestic and derivatives trading; SBI covers a wide range including margin.\nMatch the platform to your instruments and style — the \"best\" depends on whether you trade Japanese equities, US names, derivatives, or FX, and how much data and order sophistication you need.\nCosts when trading often\nWhen you trade frequently, costs compound quickly. Per-trade commissions, FX spreads on foreign trades, bid-ask spreads, and market/regulatory fees all recur with every transaction, so a platform that looks cheap for one trade can be expensive for hundreds. Compare the all-in cost at your expected trade frequency, not just the headline rate.\nFrequent trading outside NISA also generates frequent taxable events, complicating records and potentially increasing tax drag. Even inside NISA, active trading uses annual allowance on each repurchase. Cost and tax efficiency deserve as much attention as tools.\nThe risks of leverage and overtrading\nActive trading amplifies risk. Margin and leveraged products magnify both gains and losses, and daily-reset leveraged ETFs carry path dependency that can produce surprising results over time — they are generally unsuitable as long-term core holdings. Extended hours and derivatives add complexity that can outrun a trader’s risk controls.\nBeyond the products, the behavioural risk is real: frequent trading tends to underperform patient investing for most people, and the excitement of activity can mask poor after-cost, after-tax results. If you trade actively, size positions so that a bad run cannot wreck your plan, and keep a diversified long-term core separate from any trading sleeve.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokers-for-active-traders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:investment-risk-explained","guide:brokerage-fees-compared"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sbi-vs-rakuten:en","entityId":"guide:sbi-vs-rakuten","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SBI Securities vs Rakuten Securities","plainText":"SBI and Rakuten are the two dominant low-cost brokers with very similar core offerings — broad NISA menus, ¥0 covered NISA trades, 0.495%/US$22 taxable US commission, and recurring/card investing; the decision usually comes down to which ecosystem (SMBC/V Points vs Rakuten) you already use.\nThe two dominant low-cost brokers compared on products, fees and FX, recurring/card investing, points, and ecosystem fit.\nBoth offer broad NISA menus, ¥100 minimums, ¥0 covered NISA trades, and recurring/card investing.\nTaxable US commission is comparable (about 0.495%, max US$22) with advertised zero USD/JPY spreads.\nSBI’s ecosystem centres on SMBC/Olive and V Points; Rakuten’s on Rakuten Card, Bank, and Points.\nSBI has very broad markets and products; Rakuten is prized for app usability and integration.\nThe tie-breaker is usually which ecosystem you already live in.\nHow similar they are\nSBI and Rakuten are the two default low-cost brokers for self-directed Japanese investors, and their core offerings are strikingly similar. Both provide broad NISA fund menus with ¥100 minimums, ¥0 commissions on NISA-covered domestic and US shares and funds, recurring purchases, credit-card investing, and comparable taxable US-stock pricing (about 0.495%, capped at US$22) with advertised zero real-time USD/JPY spreads.\nFor a beginner buying a low-cost index fund monthly in NISA, either is an excellent choice, and the practical experience is very close. The differences are at the margins — ecosystem, app feel, and specific product breadth.\nWhere they differ\nThe main differentiator is ecosystem. SBI integrates with SMBC/Olive and V Points and card investing through SMBC cards; Rakuten integrates with Rakuten Card, Rakuten Bank, Rakuten Cash, and Rakuten Points. If you already shop, bank, or spend heavily in one of these worlds, that broker’s integration is more convenient and its points more useful to you.\nOn breadth, SBI is often cited for the widest one-stop product range (many foreign markets, bonds, IPO access), while Rakuten is prized for a polished app and smooth fund accumulation. Both change reward rates and conditions frequently, so treat point rates as a secondary factor.\nHow to choose\nBecause the core is so close, choose on ecosystem fit and app preference, not on a small point-rate difference that may change next quarter. If you use SMBC/Olive or want the broadest product range, SBI leans ahead; if you live in the Rakuten ecosystem or prefer its app, Rakuten does. Many investors could use either and be well served.\nRemember you can only make new NISA purchases at one institution per year, and existing holdings stay if you switch — so pick the one you will happily keep for the long term rather than chasing a temporary promotion.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/sbi-vs-rakuten","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:sbi-vs-monex","guide:rakuten-vs-monex","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokers-for-nisa"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-fees","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: fees","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-fees","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: fees","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/commission/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"sbi-nisa","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: nisa","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/nisa","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-nisa","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: nisa","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sbi-vs-monex:en","entityId":"guide:sbi-vs-monex","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SBI Securities vs Monex","plainText":"SBI offers the broadest one-stop product range and the SMBC/V Points ecosystem, while Monex is prized for US-stock research and analytical tools with d Card/d Point integration; both cover NISA, funds, and US stocks well, so the choice turns on breadth vs research and ecosystem.\nProduct breadth and ecosystem vs research depth, compared on the same dimensions.\nBoth cover NISA, funds, Japanese and US stocks with recurring and card investing.\nSBI leads on one-stop product breadth and the SMBC/Olive/V Points ecosystem.\nMonex is noted for US-stock research, screening, and analytical tools, plus d Card/d Points.\nTaxable US commission is comparable (about 0.495%, max US$22).\nChoose SBI for breadth/ecosystem, Monex for research depth.\nCommon ground\nSBI and Monex both cover the essentials well: NISA with broad fund menus and ¥100 minimums, Japanese and US stocks, recurring purchases, credit-card investing, and comparable taxable US-stock pricing (about 0.495%, capped at US$22). For a beginner buying an index fund monthly in NISA, either works, and the core cost and convenience are close.\nAs with any pair, confirm the exact funds and features you need are supported before deciding — the headline overlap does not guarantee your specific fund or market is covered identically.\nSBI’s strengths\nSBI’s edge is breadth and ecosystem. It offers one of the widest one-stop product ranges — many foreign markets, odd lots, bonds, IPO access, and margin — and integrates with SMBC/Olive and V Points, with card investing through SMBC cards. For a cost-conscious investor who wants broad markets in one place and lives in the SMBC/Ponta-adjacent world, SBI is a natural fit.\nThe trade-off is that its interface can be dense and its conditions complex, which some beginners find overwhelming compared with a more streamlined platform.\nMonex’s strengths\nMonex’s edge is research. It is repeatedly noted for strong US-stock research, screening, and analytical tools, plus IPO access, and integrates with d Card and d Points. For an investor who wants to analyse US stocks or values deeper research tools — and who is in the docomo/d ecosystem — Monex is compelling.\nSo the choice is largely breadth-and-ecosystem (SBI) vs research-depth-and-ecosystem (Monex). Both are strong, reputable brokers; decide based on which strength and which point ecosystem match how you actually invest.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/sbi-vs-monex","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:sbi-vs-rakuten","guide:rakuten-vs-monex","guide:brokers-for-us-stocks","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-fees","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: fees","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"monex-fees","publisher":"Monex Securities","title":"Monex Securities: fees","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/service/fee/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"sbi-nisa","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: nisa","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/nisa","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"monex-nisa","publisher":"Monex Securities","title":"Monex Securities: nisa","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/nisa/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rakuten-vs-monex:en","entityId":"guide:rakuten-vs-monex","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Securities vs Monex","plainText":"Rakuten is prized for app usability and Rakuten-ecosystem integration; Monex for US-stock research and d-ecosystem integration; both cover NISA, funds, and US stocks similarly, so choose on ecosystem and whether you value polish or research.\nEcosystem and app usability vs research depth, compared on the same dimensions.\nBoth cover NISA, funds, and US stocks with recurring and card investing.\nRakuten: polished app, Rakuten Card/Bank/Points integration.\nMonex: US-stock research and analytical tools, d Card/d Points integration.\nTaxable US commission is comparable (about 0.495%, max US$22).\nChoose on ecosystem fit and whether you prioritise app polish or research depth.\nCommon ground\nRakuten and Monex both cover NISA with broad fund menus and ¥100 minimums, Japanese and US stocks, recurring purchases, credit-card investing, and comparable taxable US-stock pricing (about 0.495%, capped at US$22). For monthly index-fund accumulation in NISA, either is a solid choice, and the everyday experience is close.\nConfirm the exact funds and markets you need before deciding, since the broad overlap does not guarantee identical coverage of your specific products.\nRakuten’s strengths\nRakuten’s edge is a polished, user-friendly app and deep integration with the Rakuten ecosystem — Rakuten Card, Rakuten Bank, Rakuten Cash, and Rakuten Points. If you already shop and bank with Rakuten, funding and points flow smoothly, and the app is widely praised for ease of use, especially for fund accumulation.\nFor a beginner who values a smooth, intuitive experience and lives in the Rakuten world, Rakuten Securities is a natural home.\nMonex’s strengths\nMonex’s edge is research depth, especially for US stocks — screening, analytical tools, and IPO access — with d Card and d Points integration. For an investor who analyses US equities or wants richer research, and who is in the docomo/d ecosystem, Monex is compelling.\nSo the choice is ecosystem plus emphasis: Rakuten for app polish and the Rakuten world, Monex for research and the d world. Both are strong; pick the one whose ecosystem and strengths match how you invest and spend.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/rakuten-vs-monex","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:sbi-vs-rakuten","guide:sbi-vs-monex","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokers-for-us-stocks"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-fees","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: fees","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/commission/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"monex-fees","publisher":"Monex Securities","title":"Monex Securities: fees","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/service/fee/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-nisa","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: nisa","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"monex-nisa","publisher":"Monex Securities","title":"Monex Securities: nisa","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/nisa/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers:en","entityId":"guide:ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"IBKR Japan vs Japanese online brokerages","plainText":"IBKR Japan wins on verified end-to-end English and the broadest global-market access, while Japanese online brokers (SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui) win on simple low-cost Japanese fund investing and ecosystem integration; the choice depends on language needs and how global and complex you want to be.\nEnglish support and global reach vs simple Japanese fund investing, compared on the same dimensions.\nIBKR Japan: verified end-to-end English, broadest global markets, professional platform.\nJapanese online brokers: simple low-cost fund investing, ¥100 minimums, ecosystem/points.\nIBKR suits investors comfortable with cross-border detail; Japanese brokers suit fund accumulators.\nBoth support NISA, but the fund-accumulation experience is smoother at Japanese brokers.\nChoose IBKR for English/global reach, a Japanese broker for the simplest NISA fund plan.\nWhat IBKR Japan does best\nInteractive Brokers Securities Japan is the standout for two things: verified end-to-end English (website, application, trading interface, and support) and the broadest global-market access among the providers covered, including extensive stocks, ETFs, options, futures, bonds, and multiple currencies. It supports NISA for eligible domestic and foreign products, with low professional-market pricing and interbank-style currency execution.\nThe trade-off is complexity. IBKR is a professional platform whose order choices, market access, and cross-border tax detail can overwhelm someone who simply wants to buy one Japanese index fund each month. It rewards investors comfortable with a sophisticated interface.\nWhat Japanese brokers do best\nJapanese online brokers (SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui) excel at the opposite: simple, low-cost Japanese fund investing. ¥100 minimums, one-tap recurring purchases, ¥0 covered NISA trades, credit-card investing, and point ecosystems make monthly accumulation effortless — exactly what most beginners need. Their platforms are streamlined around funds and domestic investing rather than professional global trading.\nTheir main limitation for some is language: onboarding and support are mainly Japanese, and browser translation does not make the controlling documents English. Foreign-market breadth is also narrower than IBKR’s.\nHow to choose\nThe decision is about language and scope. If you need genuine English at every stage, or want the broadest global-market access and are comfortable with a professional platform, IBKR Japan is the verified choice. If your goal is the simplest possible low-cost NISA fund plan and you can handle Japanese documents (with help where needed), a Japanese online broker is smoother and cheaper for that job.\nSome investors use both: a Japanese broker for simple NISA fund accumulation and IBKR for broader global trading. Match the tool to the task rather than forcing one platform to do everything.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:brokers-english-support","guide:global-investors-japan","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:us-stocks-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:online-vs-major-traditional-brokers:en","entityId":"guide:online-vs-major-traditional-brokers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Online brokers vs Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, and Mizuho","plainText":"Online brokers win decisively on cost and app usability for self-directed passive investing, while major traditional firms (Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, Mizuho) add advice, branches, bonds, IPOs, and wealth services at much higher commissions — choose online for cost, traditional for complex needs and human support.\nLow-cost online brokers vs major traditional full-service firms, compared on cost, service, products, and best-fit users.\nOnline brokers: near-zero costs, strong apps, ideal for self-directed passive investing.\nMajor traditional firms: advice, branches, bonds, IPOs, inheritance, and wealth services.\nBranch/comprehensive-course commissions can reach ~1–1.4% vs near-zero online.\nTraditional firms suit complex, high-net-worth, or advice-seeking investors.\nWatch distribution conflicts and demand all-in cost and benchmark comparisons.\nThe cost gap\nThe starkest difference is cost. Online brokers offer near-zero commissions on many trades and very low fund fees, while the major traditional firms — Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, Mizuho — charge substantially more through branches and comprehensive courses, with domestic branch commissions that can reach roughly 1% to over 1.4% with minimum charges. For a routine index-fund purchase, that gap is enormous over a lifetime of investing.\nFor self-directed passive investing, this makes online brokers the clear default. Paying branch-level commissions to buy the same index fund you could buy for near-zero online is hard to justify on cost alone.\nWhat traditional firms add\nTraditional firms justify their cost through service: human advice, physical branches, deep access to bonds and IPO allocations, inheritance and estate services, and wealth management for high-net-worth clients. For genuinely complex situations — a complicated bond, estate planning, or an investor who values in-person guidance — that service can be worth paying for.\nThey also handle cases online brokers do not emphasise, and their branches can assist with paperwork and life events. The value is in advice and complexity, not in routine low-cost fund buying.\nWho each suits\nFor most self-directed investors building a low-cost index portfolio, an online broker is the right default — cheaper, more convenient, and entirely sufficient. Reserve a traditional firm for specific complex needs (bonds, IPOs, inheritance, wealth management) or if you genuinely value human advice and branch support enough to pay for it.\nIf you do use a traditional firm, watch for distribution conflicts: adviser compensation is not neutral, so demand the explicit all-in cost and a benchmark comparison for any recommendation. Many investors self-direct online and engage a traditional firm only for the specific services that justify the cost.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/online-vs-major-traditional-brokers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:online-vs-full-service-brokers","guide:advised-investing-japan","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokerage-fees-compared"]},"sources":[{"id":"nomura-fees","publisher":"Nomura Securities","title":"Nomura Securities: fees","url":"https://www.nomura.co.jp/retail/fee/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-open-account:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-open-account","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to open a NISA account","plainText":"To open NISA, choose one brokerage, provide identity and My Number evidence and tax-residency declarations, and wait for the tax authority to confirm you have no other active NISA before purchasing; most rejections come from name mismatches or a duplicate NISA.\nSelecting a brokerage, documents and My Number, tax-authority confirmation, processing stages, and troubleshooting rejections.\nYou open NISA at one brokerage; only one institution takes new purchases per year.\nProvide identity, My Number, address, and Japanese/foreign tax-residency declarations.\nThe broker validates with the tax authority that you have no other active NISA.\nSome firms allow provisional trading before final confirmation; treatment of duplicates differs.\nCommon rejections: name mismatch, short document validity, or a duplicate NISA.\nSelecting a brokerage\nNISA lives at a brokerage, so the first step is choosing one — and since only one institution can receive your new NISA purchases in a given year, choose for the long term. Compare the eligible fund menu, NISA transaction charges, recurring-purchase controls, foreign-stock support if you need it, and ecosystem fit. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui are the usual shortlist for a self-directed resident.\nDo not choose on a temporary point promotion; you can change institutions by year, but existing holdings stay at the old broker, so switching is not seamless. Pick a broker you will happily keep.\nDocuments and confirmation\nPrepare identity evidence (My Number Card, residence card, driver’s licence, or passport in an accepted combination), My Number evidence, your Japanese address, and Japanese and foreign tax-residency declarations. You also link a Japanese bank account in your own name. The financial institution then validates NISA information with the tax authorities to confirm you do not already have an active NISA relationship for the same year.\nSome firms permit provisional trading before final confirmation, but the timing and treatment if a duplicate is found differ. Processing time ranges from same-day provisional access to several weeks depending on documents and tax-authority confirmation.\nTroubleshooting\nMost opening problems come from a few causes: a name mismatch across the residence card, bank record, and application; short document validity; a duplicate NISA at another institution; or a failed identity verification. If you have NISA elsewhere, you generally need transfer or abolition documents before opening a new one, since only one institution can take new purchases per year.\nFix the specific cause and reapply: align your name everywhere, renew a soon-to-expire card, and resolve any duplicate NISA. Never send identity documents through an unverified link — go through the broker’s official channel only.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-open-account","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-choose-broker","guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:brokers-for-nisa"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-choose-broker:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-choose-broker","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to choose a NISA brokerage","plainText":"Choose a NISA brokerage on the eligible fund lineup, foreign-stock support, NISA fees and FX, recurring and card-investing controls, language, foreign-resident acceptance, and departure policy — not on a temporary point rate, because you keep the broker long-term.\nProduct availability, fund and foreign-stock support, fees and FX, recurring purchases, card investing, language, and departure policy.\nStart with the eligible fund lineup and whether your intended fund is offered in the allowance you want.\nCheck foreign-stock support in NISA if you need it — it is broker-specific.\nCompare NISA fees, FX, recurring-purchase controls, and card/point integration.\nFor foreign residents, confirm acceptance, language support, and departure policy.\nChoose for the long term — switching keeps old holdings at the old broker.\nProduct availability first\nThe most important criterion is whether the broker carries what you intend to buy, in the allowance you intend. Confirm your target fund is on the FSA list and offered by the broker for the tsumitate or growth allowance, and that recurring purchases are supported. If you want individual Japanese shares, REITs, or foreign stocks in the growth allowance, check that specific support — foreign-stock availability in NISA is broker-specific and not automatic.\nA broker with a huge menu is only useful if it includes your chosen low-cost fund. Verify the specific product before weighing anything else.\nCost, FX, and integrations\nNext compare cost and convenience: NISA transaction charges (usually ¥0 on covered domestic and US products at the big brokers), FX terms if you buy foreign securities, recurring-purchase controls, and credit-card/point integration if you value it. Remember that even in NISA, foreign dividends carry source-country withholding and FX spreads recur, so FX terms matter for global investors.\nWeight promotional point rates low — they change and can be outweighed by card annual fees. Convenience and ecosystem integration are legitimate tie-breakers, but only after product availability and cost.\nForeign residents and departure\nIf you are a foreign resident, add three checks: does the broker accept your nationality and residence status; is English support available at the stages you need (opening, tax documents, incidents); and what is its non-resident/departure policy if you might leave Japan. These can differ from the tax rule and are easy to overlook until they matter.\nBecause you keep a NISA broker for the long term — switching leaves existing holdings at the old firm — factor in continuity. The best NISA broker is the one that carries your funds, accepts your status, fits your budget, and you can see yourself using for years.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-choose-broker","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-open-account","guide:brokers-for-nisa","guide:nisa-change-broker","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-change-broker:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-change-broker","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Changing your NISA brokerage","plainText":"You can generally change your NISA institution by year, but only one institution receives new purchases per year, existing holdings stay at the old broker in that NISA relationship, and change/abolition documents must be filed on deadline — start well before year-end.\nThe one-institution rule, deadlines and documents, existing holdings, why NISA assets are not transferred, and a transition checklist.\nOnly one institution receives new NISA purchases per year; changes generally apply by year.\nWhether you already purchased that year affects when a change can take effect.\nExisting NISA holdings stay at the old broker — they are not transferred into the new NISA.\nSelling old holdings restores lifetime capacity next year, usable only at the new institution.\nFile change/abolition documents on deadline; start well before year-end.\nThe one-institution rule\nFor any given year, only one institution can receive your new NISA purchases, but you may generally change the institution by year. A crucial detail: whether you have already made a NISA purchase in the current year affects when a change can take effect — often a change applies from the following year if you have already bought. Deadlines and forms are institution-specific.\nSo changing NISA brokers is possible but governed by calendar-year timing and prior-purchase rules. Plan around them rather than assuming you can switch instantly mid-year.\nExisting holdings do not move\nThe most important misunderstanding to avoid: your existing NISA holdings normally remain at the old institution in that NISA relationship — they are not transferred into the new institution’s NISA. Changing brokers changes where you make new purchases, not where your old assets live. So after a change you may hold NISA assets at two firms, keeping records for both.\nIf you want to consolidate, selling old holdings restores their acquisition cost to your lifetime capacity from the following year, but that restored capacity is usable only through the institution authorised for new purchases that year — and selling has market and timing consequences. Do not sell merely to \"transfer.\"\nA transition checklist\nPlan a change carefully. Start well before year-end, because deadlines and documents (change and, where relevant, abolition notices) take time. Stop and record any recurring orders at the old broker. Ask both institutions for the current sequence and required forms. Keep confirmations, and verify the new NISA account is active before placing new orders there.\nDo not sell holdings solely to move them without checking tax and market consequences, and remember new purchases cannot be duplicated across institutions in the same year. A little planning prevents a gap in your investing or an accidental duplicate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-change-broker","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-choose-broker","guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse","guide:investment-records-and-statements"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:recurring-investment-allowance:en","entityId":"guide:recurring-investment-allowance","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"The NISA recurring-investment allowance","plainText":"The recurring-investment allowance (つみたて投資枠) allows up to ¥1.2m per year into FSA-screened long-term diversified funds and qualifying ETFs — ideal for automated monthly accumulation; verify eligibility by exact fund name at the FSA list and your broker.\nEligible product restrictions, monthly and bonus-month investing, suitable investors, the ¥1.2m limit, and verifying fund eligibility.\nUp to ¥1.2m per year, restricted to FSA-listed long-term, diversified funds and qualifying ETFs.\nDesigned for automated recurring accumulation — ¥100,000/month if spread evenly.\nBonus-month settings let you weight contributions unevenly within the annual limit.\nIndividual stocks are not eligible in this allowance (use the growth allowance).\nVerify eligibility by exact fund name and share class at the FSA list and your broker.\nEligible products\nThe recurring-investment allowance deliberately restricts choice to encourage low-cost, long-term, diversified investing. Only the investment trusts and qualifying ETFs the FSA has screened onto its published list are eligible — broadly, funds with reasonable costs, wide diversification, and long-term structures. Individual stocks, REITs, and most non-listed products are not eligible here; those belong in the growth allowance.\nBecause the list is curated for suitability, a beginner can reasonably pick a single broad global-equity index fund from it. But the list changes, so verify the current version by exact fund name and share class.\nMonthly and bonus-month investing\nThe ¥1.2m annual limit works out to ¥100,000 per month if you spread it evenly, which suits automated monthly accumulation — set a recurring purchase and let it run. Many brokers also offer bonus-month settings, letting you invest more in certain months (for example when a bonus arrives) while staying within the ¥1.2m annual cap.\nThis allowance is ideal for the standard beginner plan: one low-cost diversified fund, bought automatically each month. It removes the monthly decision and builds the habit that makes long-term investing work.\nSuitable investors and verification\nThis allowance suits almost everyone accumulating for the long term, and especially beginners and small monthly investors, because its screened, low-cost, diversified universe makes a bad first choice hard. If you want individual stocks or a wider fund range, use the growth allowance alongside it — the two can be used together up to ¥3.6m a year.\nBefore buying, verify eligibility by exact fund name and share class against the FSA’s current list, and confirm your broker offers it for recurring purchase. US taxpayers should add a separate PFIC step: Japanese eligibility says nothing about US tax treatment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/recurring-investment-allowance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:growth-investment-allowance","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:nisa-complete-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:growth-investment-allowance:en","entityId":"guide:growth-investment-allowance","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"The NISA growth-investment allowance","plainText":"The growth-investment allowance (成長投資枠) allows up to ¥2.4m per year — within a ¥12m lifetime sub-limit — for eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and funds, but excludes supervisory/liquidation stocks, sub-20-year, monthly-distribution, and derivative-heavy funds; foreign-stock support is broker-specific.\nEligible shares, ETFs, REITs, and funds; ineligible securities; the ¥2.4m annual and ¥12m lifetime sub-limits; and foreign-stock support.\nUp to ¥2.4m per year, within a ¥12m lifetime sub-limit (part of the ¥18m total).\nEligible: individual listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and a wider set of funds.\nExcluded: supervisory/liquidation stocks, sub-20-year, monthly-distribution, and derivative-heavy funds.\nForeign-stock support in NISA is broker-specific and not automatic.\nYou can use it alongside the recurring allowance, up to ¥3.6m a year combined.\nWhat you can buy\nThe growth-investment allowance is the broader of the two NISA frames. It allows eligible individual listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and a wider set of investment trusts than the recurring allowance — so this is where you buy a specific Japanese stock, a J-REIT, or a fund not on the tsumitate list. You can use it alongside the recurring allowance, for a combined ¥3.6m a year.\nThe annual limit is ¥2.4m, and it sits within a ¥12m lifetime sub-limit — no more than ¥12m of your ¥18m lifetime acquisition-cost capacity can be growth-allowance holdings. The remaining lifetime room can be filled through either allowance.\nWhat is excluded\nSeveral things are excluded to keep NISA aligned with long-term investing. The growth allowance does not include designated supervisory or liquidation stocks, investment trusts with terms shorter than 20 years, monthly-distribution funds, or certain derivative-heavy funds. Across both allowances, ordinary deposits, government and corporate bonds, and margin purchases are outside NISA entirely.\nSo the growth allowance is broad but not unlimited: it targets mainstream long-term investments, not high-turnover or income-maximising products. Confirm a specific security’s eligibility rather than assuming.\nIndividual stocks vs funds, and foreign support\nThe growth allowance lets you choose between funds and individual securities. Most investors keep a diversified low-cost fund as the core and use individual stocks only as a deliberate, limited sleeve, because a single company can suffer permanent loss. If you buy dividend-paying shares, ETFs, or REITs, select the proportional allocation method so the dividends stay tax-free in NISA.\nForeign stocks and ETFs can be held in the growth allowance when your broker supports them and the security is eligible — but this is broker-specific and not automatic just because a security is exchange-listed. Foreign dividends still carry source-country withholding, and US taxpayers must analyse PFIC treatment separately.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/growth-investment-allowance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:recurring-investment-allowance","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-for-foreign-residents:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-for-foreign-residents","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA for foreign residents","plainText":"A qualifying foreign resident can open NISA — eligibility is residence-based, not nationality-based — with a residence card and My Number, though some brokers require postal opening for foreign nationals, impose nationality restrictions, and NISA generally cannot continue after you leave Japan.\nResidence-based eligibility, residence-card and My Number requirements, nationality restrictions, online vs postal opening, language, and leaving Japan.\nNISA eligibility is residence-based: a qualifying Japan resident can open it regardless of nationality.\nYou need a residence card and My Number; a matching Japanese bank account is required.\nSome brokers impose nationality restrictions or require postal (not online) opening.\nLanguage support varies; SBI, Monex, Rakuten, and Matsui publish foreign-resident procedures.\nNISA generally cannot continue after you become non-resident — plan before you leave.\nResidence-based eligibility\nNISA eligibility turns on being a Japan resident, not on holding Japanese nationality. A qualifying foreign national residing in Japan can therefore open NISA, subject to the institution’s identity, visa, residence-card, tax-residency, sanctions, and product policies. Dual nationality by itself does not disqualify a resident, though another country may still tax NISA income or require reporting.\nYou will need a residence card, My Number evidence, a Japanese address, tax-residency declarations, and a Japanese bank account in your own name. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui publish procedures accepting residence-card documentation.\nRestrictions and opening path\nBroker policies can be stricter than the tax statute. Some accept residence-card documentation fully online; others require postal processing for foreign nationals, which is slower. Certain nationalities, sanctioned-country connections, or politically exposed status can trigger enhanced review or rejection, and US persons face FATCA declarations and product restrictions. These matrices are rarely published in full, so confirm your specific case.\nName consistency is the most common practical hurdle: align your name across the residence card, bank account, and application, since a mismatch is the top cause of rejection or failed bank linkage.\nLanguage and leaving Japan\nConfirm English support at each stage you need it — opening, trading, tax documents, and incidents — not just on a marketing page; most foreign-resident-friendly brokers onboard mainly in Japanese, and browser translation does not make the controlling documents English. If genuine English at every stage is essential, IBKR Japan is the verified option.\nCrucially, NISA is a residents’ benefit: it generally cannot continue after you become non-resident, except a qualifying temporary-departure continuation filed in advance. If you may leave Japan, get the broker’s written departure procedure before building a large NISA balance, and remember Japanese eligibility does not replace home-country reporting.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-for-foreign-residents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:nisa-for-dual-citizens","guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:moving-abroad-with-investments"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-for-dual-citizens:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-for-dual-citizens","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA for dual citizens","plainText":"Dual nationality does not by itself disqualify a Japan resident from NISA, but another country — most consequentially the US — may tax NISA income or require reporting, and a broker may restrict product access based on nationality or US-person status.\nJapanese NISA eligibility, other-country taxation, tax-residency declarations, FATCA-style reporting, and why nationality can affect product access.\nDual nationality alone does not disqualify a qualifying Japan resident from NISA.\nAnother country may tax NISA income or require account reporting.\nUS citizenship/tax residence is the most consequential: worldwide taxation plus PFIC/FBAR/8938.\nYou declare tax residencies; FATCA-style reporting can apply.\nA broker may restrict product access based on nationality or US-person status.\nJapanese eligibility\nFor NISA, what matters is Japanese residence, not the number of passports you hold. A dual citizen who is a qualifying Japan resident can open NISA on the same residence-based terms as anyone else, subject to the broker’s identity, tax-residency, sanctions, and product policies. Holding a second nationality does not, by itself, remove your Japanese NISA eligibility.\nThe complications come not from Japan’s rules but from your other country’s rules, which continue to apply to you regardless of where you live or invest.\nOther-country taxation and reporting\nYour other country of citizenship or tax residence may tax NISA income or require you to report the account. The most consequential example is the United States, which generally taxes citizens and resident aliens on worldwide income: NISA’s Japanese exemption gives no US exemption, Japanese mutual funds can create PFIC problems and Form 8621 obligations, and Japanese accounts including NISA can be reportable on FBAR and Form 8938.\nEven outside the US, some countries tax worldwide income, impose foreign-asset reporting, or have wealth taxes. So a dual citizen must check both Japan’s treatment and the other country’s treatment before assuming NISA is tax-free for them.\nProduct access and advice triggers\nNationality can affect product access at the broker level. You declare your tax residencies, and FATCA-style reporting may apply; a broker may restrict certain products based on nationality or US-person status — some prohibit US persons from foreign-stock trading, for example. These are commercial and regulatory policies layered on top of the residence-based NISA rule.\nThe practical trigger for professional advice is any second country with citizenship-based taxation, worldwide-income taxation, or foreign-asset reporting — above all US citizenship or green-card status. Before choosing NISA products, a dual citizen in that situation should get cross-border advice, because the right holdings depend on both tax systems.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-for-dual-citizens","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","guide:nisa-for-foreign-residents","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:pfic-japanese-funds"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"irs-pfic-8621","publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","title":"About Form 8621 (PFIC information return)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-8621","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fincen-fbar","publisher":"Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN)","title":"Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts (FBAR)","url":"https://www.fincen.gov/report-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-in-japan-complete-guide:en","entityId":"guide:investing-in-japan-complete-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing in Japan: complete beginner’s guide","plainText":"For most Japan residents, the sensible path is: build cash reserves and clear expensive debt, open NISA at a low-cost broker, automate one diversified low-cost index fund, and add iDeCo, individual stocks, or foreign products only once the core and tax admin are under control.\nWhy people invest, saving vs investing, the Japanese system (NISA, iDeCo, taxable), brokerages and products, and a beginner order of operations.\nInvesting follows a financial base: liquid reserves and repaying expensive debt come first.\nNISA is a tax wrapper (¥3.6m/year, ¥18m lifetime); iDeCo adds a deduction but locks funds.\nYou invest through a brokerage; most beginners use one broad low-cost index fund.\nA single global-equity fund diversifies across many countries with little maintenance.\nUS taxpayers and people leaving Japan need extra, specialist caution.\nWhy invest, and in what order\nSaving preserves nominal yen and provides liquidity; investing exchanges certainty for the possibility of growth, at the cost of fluctuating value and no principal guarantee. Cash is right for emergencies and near-term spending, but over long periods its purchasing power can erode to inflation, which is the main case for investing money you will not need for years.\nA sensible order of operations for most residents: (1) maintain enough liquid cash for foreseeable expenses; (2) repay expensive debt; (3) capture any employer match or unusually good corporate pension; (4) open a low-cost brokerage and NISA; (5) automate a sustainable monthly purchase of one diversified index fund; (6) consider iDeCo once you understand its deduction, lock-up, and retirement taxation; (7) add individual stocks or foreign products only after the core and tax admin are under control.\nThe Japanese investment system\nYou invest through a securities company (brokerage), inside one of a few account types. NISA is a tax-free wrapper: since 2024 it allows ¥1.2m recurring plus ¥2.4m growth per year, an ¥18m lifetime limit, and indefinitely tax-free qualifying gains — usually the first account to fund. A taxable \"specified\" account holds anything beyond NISA, taxed at 20.315% but with loss offsets. iDeCo is a private pension: contributions are deductible, but money is locked until retirement age.\nInside the account, most beginners research broad, low-fee index funds (all-country or S&P 500 trackers) rather than individual stocks. A single global fund can be a complete equity core; adding bonds or cash lowers volatility according to how much loss you can tolerate.\nCautions and where to go next\nTwo cross-border cautions matter most. US citizens and green-card holders face PFIC reporting problems with Japanese funds and should get specialist advice before buying. And NISA is a residents’ benefit — leaving Japan generally means you cannot continue it, so plan the exit before building a large balance. Everyone should also treat tax-free as not risk-free: investments in NISA can and do fall.\nFrom here, the cluster’s other pages go deeper: how to start, saving vs investing, risk, diversification, compounding, the full NISA guide, accounts and taxes, product categories, broker comparisons, and pages for foreign residents and US taxpayers. Follow the beginner path first, then explore the topic that fits your next decision.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investing-in-japan-complete-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:what-is-nisa","guide:investing-for-beginners","guide:investment-products-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-methodology:en","entityId":"guide:investing-methodology","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing research sources and methodology","plainText":"This research prioritises official regulator, government, and first-party sources; compares providers on standardized dimensions under stated assumptions rather than declaring a universal \"best\"; separates facts from editorial analysis; and refuses to fabricate missing point-in-time data.\nSource priority, how rankings and fees are compared, how facts and editorial analysis are separated, update frequency, and missing-data handling.\nSource priority: FSA, NTA, MHLW, MOF, JSDA, official provider docs, prospectuses, and US government tax sources.\n\"Best\" means best under stated assumptions, not universally best.\nFacts, calculations, and editorial analysis are kept separate.\nVolatile figures (fees, rates) carry a verification date and should be rechecked.\nMissing point-in-time data is not fabricated to fill fields.\nSource priority\nThe research prioritises primary and official material: Japan’s Financial Services Agency (FSA), National Tax Agency (NTA), Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), Ministry of Finance (MOF), the Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA), official brokerage documents, official fund prospectuses, and United States government tax sources such as the IRS and FinCEN for US-taxpayer topics. Registration facts are checked against the FSA operator registry and JSDA membership.\nProvider and product inventories are broad but not claimed to be exhaustive, and none of this is individualized investment, legal, or tax advice. Where a claim depends on a source, the source is cited with an access or verification date.\nHow comparisons and fees are handled\nRankings assume a defined customer — an individual Japan resident trading online, using NISA and a specified account, making monthly purchases, and valuing low all-in cost, breadth, tax support, and security. Under different assumptions the answers change, so \"best\" always means best under those stated assumptions, never universally best. Promotional point rates receive low weight because they change and can be outweighed by card fees.\nFees are compared as a whole stack — commissions, FX spreads, fund expenses, fractional-share spreads, transfer fees — not just the headline commission, because \"zero commission\" does not mean zero cost. Performance, where discussed, is compared only against a fund’s benchmark over matching periods, never used to rank funds by recent return.\nFacts vs analysis, and missing data\nFacts, calculations, and editorial analysis are kept separate. A rule (for example a NISA limit) is a sourced fact; a compounding table is a labelled calculation, not a forecast; a \"best fit\" statement is editorial analysis under stated assumptions. Volatile figures — fees, point rates, provider features — carry a verification date and should be rechecked before you act, since they change.\nWhen point-in-time data (current assets, net asset value, trailing performance, volatility, or maximum drawdown) is not available from an official verified series, it is not fabricated to fill a field. Instead the page points you to the current prospectus, monthly report, and benchmark methodology. The update log records material changes with a date and source.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investing-methodology","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-data-updates","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:check-broker-license-and-scams"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","title":"NISA information for investors","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-data-updates:en","entityId":"guide:investing-data-updates","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing data update log","plainText":"This log tracks material changes to the facts behind the investing pages — NISA rule changes, brokerage fee changes, card-program changes, product additions and closures, and iDeCo reforms — each with a date and source, so readers can see the information is actively maintained.\nWhat changes are tracked — NISA rules, brokerage fees, card programs, product additions/closures, iDeCo reforms — and why active maintenance matters.\nFinancial facts change: NISA rules, fees, card rates, product lineups, and iDeCo limits.\nMaterial changes are logged with a date and source, not silently overwritten.\nScheduled iDeCo changes from December 2026 must be verified on their effective dates.\nPromotional and fee data should be rechecked before acting; features expire faster than definitions.\nActive maintenance is evidence of reliability for both readers and answer engines.\nWhat this log tracks\nPersonal-finance facts are not static. This log exists to record material changes to the data behind the investing pages: NISA rule changes, brokerage fee and FX changes, credit-card and point-program changes, product additions and closures, and iDeCo and pension reforms. Each material update should carry the date it took effect and the source that confirms it, so a reader can distinguish current rules from superseded ones.\nThe point is transparency about freshness. A page that looks authoritative but silently carries an old fee or an expired NISA rule is misleading; a dated, sourced change record lets you trust what is current and see when it was last confirmed.\nKnown upcoming changes\nSome changes are already scheduled and should be verified on their effective dates rather than treated as current. Notably, iDeCo reforms from December 2026 broaden some contribution limits; anyone enrolling around that date should confirm the implemented figures. Future age-related NISA amendments and cryptoasset regulatory or tax changes should likewise be rechecked when they take effect.\nBecause these are forward-looking, pages describing them flag that the pre-change figures are not the implemented rules. Treat any \"scheduled\" reform as pending until its effective date, and reverify before relying on it.\nWhat to recheck, and how often\nDifferent facts age at different speeds. Promotional and fee data (point rates, campaign terms, exact commissions) change fastest and should be rechecked immediately before opening an account or placing a trade. Account features and product lineups change more slowly but still need periodic review. Stable educational definitions (what a PFIC is, how compounding works) change rarely.\nSo before you act on any specific number — a fee, a point rate, a NISA limit, a provider feature — confirm it against the official source, even if a page states it. The educational explanations here are durable; the volatile figures are snapshots that this log and the verification dates on each page help you keep current.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investing-data-updates","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-methodology","guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:buying-property-japan:en","entityId":"guide:buying-property-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Complete guide to buying property in Japan","plainText":"Buying is a multi-stage process — budget, preapproval, search, offer, important-matters explanation, contract, final approval, inspection, closing — and needs roughly 6–10% of the price in cash on top of the down payment.\nBudget, financing, agents, contracts, inspections, taxes, and ownership — the full journey from first budget to keys and beyond.\nSet three ceilings first: purchase price, monthly housing outflow, and minimum post-closing cash reserve.\nGet preapproval before you make an offer, and draft the financing-condition clause carefully.\nBudget 6–10% of the price for closing costs on top of the down payment.\nA portal listing is discovery, not diligence — verify title, legality, condition, and hazards.\nThe purchase journey, stage by stage\nA Japanese property purchase runs through a predictable sequence: set a budget, obtain preliminary mortgage screening, choose an area, search portals and agents, view repeatedly, submit a purchase application (買付証明書), review the explanation of important matters (重要事項説明), sign the purchase agreement and pay earnest money (手付金), complete final mortgage approval, inspect, and close with registration by a judicial scrivener (司法書士). Each stage has its own documents, deadlines, and ways to fail, so treat it as a project rather than a single decision.\nApproval in Japan is both borrower-specific and property-specific. A strong applicant can still be declined because of leasehold terms, legality, floor area, location, age, structural condition, rebuildability, or weak collateral value. Line up your own finances and the property’s legal and physical facts in parallel.\nBudget before you view\nSet three ceilings before viewing anything: a maximum purchase price, a maximum monthly housing outflow, and a minimum cash reserve you will still hold after closing. Monthly housing outflow is more than the mortgage — it includes fixed-asset and city-planning tax, condominium management and repair-reserve fees, insurance, parking, utilities, and owner-funded repairs. A house shifts roof, exterior, drainage, and structural repair costs onto you directly.\nThe lender’s maximum is not a household recommendation. Flat 35’s published framework generally caps total annual debt repayments at 30% of income below ¥4 million and 35% at ¥4 million or more, but a prudent household usually targets a lower ratio after tax, childcare, pension, maintenance, and possible rate increases.\nFinancing, contract, and the financing clause\nObtain preapproval (事前審査) before making an offer so you know your realistic budget and can act quickly. When you sign, the financing-condition clause (住宅ローン特約) should name the lender, amount, application and approval deadlines, and state whether the deposit is refundable if financing fails under the clause. Do not sign a sale contract before you understand this clause — it is the single most important protection for a mortgage buyer.\nThe explanation of important matters (重要事項説明) is delivered by a licensed transaction specialist and covers title, legal restrictions, road access, utilities, disaster information, leasehold, management, deposits, and cancellation. Obtain the documents early rather than seeing them for the first time immediately before signing.\nInspect, close, and what comes after\nFor a used home, commission an independent qualified inspector where practical. A registered existing-home condition inspector (建物状況調査) examines visible and measurable deterioration, but the framework does not guarantee the property is defect-free, and a lender appraisal is not a structural inspection. At closing the buyer pays the balance, the lender disburses, keys and possession transfer, and the judicial scrivener files ownership and mortgage registrations — confirm vacant possession, utilities, prorated taxes and fees, and no unexpected encumbrances.\nAfter moving in, file any tax claims (including the first-year mortgage-deduction return), change your address, retain the contract and cost evidence, note defect-notification deadlines, establish a repair reserve, and review insurance annually.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/buying-property-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-buy-foreigner","faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-earnest-money-size","faq:loan-financing-clause"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:mortgages-japan","guide:property-buying-checklist","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:rent-vs-buy-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-inspection","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Existing-home condition inspection framework","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgages-japan:en","entityId":"guide:mortgages-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Complete guide to mortgages in Japan","plainText":"A Japanese mortgage is decided by your income and stability, your credit records, and the property — and the cheapest loan is the one with the lowest all-in cost over your holding period, not the lowest headline rate.\nEligibility, mortgage types, rates, fees, underwriting, lenders, and the application process — how home loans actually work in a higher-rate Japan.\nLenders weigh stable employment, income, age, credit records, health for group credit life insurance, and the property.\nThe core choice is fixed vs variable; variable now requires a genuine 2–3 point stress test.\nCompare the execution rate, 2.2% origination fee, guarantee fee, insurance additions, and early-repayment costs — not just the rate.\nJapan has left the near-zero era: the BoJ guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026 and prime rates have risen.\nA different rate environment\nJapan has entered a materially different interest-rate environment from the near-zero years. The Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% after its June 2026 decision, and the average uncollateralized overnight call rate was roughly 0.977% at the end of July 2026. Major lenders have announced or implemented higher short-term prime rates and mortgage reference rates — Mizuho, for example, published that new variable borrowing shown from about 1.025% would rise to 1.275% or more from January 2027. Model the announced future payment, not only today’s teaser.\nEligibility: what lenders weigh\nUnderwriting assesses income, employment stability, age, debt, repayment history, household obligations, health for group credit life insurance (団信), the property’s value and legality, and your documentation. A permanent salaried employee with several years of stable Japanese taxable income presents the simplest file; contract, probationary, commission-heavy, self-employed, and company-owner applicants may need more history and be assessed on normalized income.\nCheck your own credit records at CIC and JICC before applying. Japan has no single public credit score; lenders pull from designated credit-information organizations and apply proprietary rules. CIC records application inquiries for six months and contract/payment data generally through the contract and up to five years after it ends. Avoid repeated applications and new debt in the run-up to a mortgage.\nTypes, rates, and fees\nThe main product families are the fully fixed Flat 35, variable-rate loans, fixed-period (e.g. 10-year fixed-selection) loans, and mixed-rate loans, plus structures for couples (pair loans, income combination, joint-debtor, parent-child relay). Fixed removes interest-rate risk at a higher initial cost; variable is cheaper now but shifts rate risk to you. Choose variable only if the household survives a 2–3 point stress without selling.\nBeyond the rate, the true cost includes a frequently 2.20% origination fee (¥1.10 million on a ¥50 million loan), a guarantee fee (upfront, rate-loaded, or absent), appraisal, registration and license tax, judicial-scrivener fees, group credit life insurance, optional riders, and any early-repayment charge. A nominally lower rate can be the more expensive loan for someone who sells or refinances after a few years.\nThe application process\nPreapproval (事前審査) is an initial screening on stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property information — not a promise to lend. Final approval (本審査) is full underwriting after detailed documents and property checks, and it can still fail if documents differ, the appraisal is weak, insurance is unavailable, employment changes, new debt appears, or the property is ineligible. Ask each lender for a dated document showing the execution-month rate, permanent discount margin, LTV and term surcharges, fee schedule, insurance options, required document lists, decision time, validity period, and English support, then compare the internal cost over your expected ownership period.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgages-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-preapproval-final"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:borrowing-guide","guide:mortgage-rates","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:flat-35","guide:foreigners-buying-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:borrowing-guide:en","entityId":"guide:borrowing-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Loans in Japan: a beginner’s guide","plainText":"Borrowing is safe when it is secured, purposeful, and repayable from stable income; it is dangerous when it funds a recurring living deficit or a long-lived asset with short-term high-rate debt.\nLoan terminology, loan categories, credit checks, and the difference between safe and unsafe borrowing in Japan.\nPrincipal, interest, term, and repayment method together determine total cost — not the rate alone.\nSecured loans (mortgages) are cheaper and longer; card and consumer loans are far more expensive.\nJapan has no single credit score; lenders pull CIC/JICC records and apply their own rules.\nMoneylender borrowing is generally capped at one-third of annual income; bank and housing loans sit outside that rule.\nThe core terms\nPrincipal (元金) is the amount borrowed before interest and fees. Interest (利息) is the price of using money, calculated on the outstanding balance at a nominal annual rate. The loan term (借入期間) is the repayment period — a longer term lowers the monthly payment but usually raises total interest and may carry a surcharge. Amortization (返済予定) is how each payment splits between interest and principal; on a level-payment loan, early payments are mostly interest because the balance is largest at the start.\nLevel principal-and-interest (元利均等返済) keeps the scheduled payment level until a reset; level principal (元金均等返済) repays the same principal each month so payments start higher and fall, saving total interest but not offered by every lender. A balloon payment is a large lump sum due later and is dangerous when the borrower assumes refinancing or resale will always be available.\nCategories of borrowing\nMortgages and secured real-estate loans carry collateral risk but usually the lowest rates and longest terms. Card loans and consumer loans do not normally require a registered mortgage but carry much higher, often double-digit, rates and should never finance a long-lived asset or a recurring living deficit. Auto and education loans are purpose-specific; business loans for sole proprietors fund working capital or equipment. Each has an appropriate use and a characteristic danger — the point is to match the loan’s term and cost to the life of what it buys.\nCredit checks and borrowing limits\nLenders assess income, stability, debt, repayment history, age, and — for mortgages — health for group credit life insurance and the property. Japan does not operate one universal consumer credit score; credit-information organizations (CIC, JICC) hold application inquiries, contracts, repayment, and delinquency records, and consumers can request their own disclosures. Loans from licensed moneylenders are generally subject to the aggregate borrowing limit under the Money Lending Business Act — new moneylender borrowing is normally restricted once covered balances exceed one-third of annual income — while bank lending and qualifying housing loans sit outside that statutory total-volume rule, though banks still run their own affordability checks.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/borrowing-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured","faq:loan-onethird-rule","faq:loan-total-cost"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-loans-work","guide:credit-records-japan","guide:consumer-loans","guide:secured-vs-unsecured"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jicc-credit","publisher":"JICC","title":"Japan Credit Information Reference Center","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreigners-buying-property:en","entityId":"guide:foreigners-buying-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Buying property in Japan as a foreigner","plainText":"Foreigners can generally own Japanese property regardless of nationality; the constraint is financing, where permanent residence is the easiest route but not universally mandatory — specialist lenders serve some non-PR residents.\nOwnership versus financing, permanent-residence and non-PR routes, documents, language, and source-of-funds — the foreign-resident playbook.\nOwnership eligibility and mortgage eligibility are separate — owning is easy, financing is the hurdle.\nPR broadly opens mainstream lenders; without it, expect stricter terms or specialist routes.\nPRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, and Suruga Bank publish products or support for certain non-PR residents.\nPrepare multi-year tax records, employment evidence, source-of-funds proof, and a residence/repayment continuity story.\nOwnership versus financing\nCitizenship does not generally prevent a foreigner from owning land or buildings in Japan — ownership eligibility and mortgage eligibility are separate questions. A cash buyer can still face bank-account, identity, tax-agent, remittance, sanctions, registration, and ongoing-management requirements, and a nonresident buying from abroad needs a tax agent and careful source-of-funds handling. Ordinary residential mortgages, by contrast, generally require residence in Japan and actual owner occupancy.\nPR and non-PR routes\nPermanent residence remains the easiest foreign-resident route because PR holders are often treated much like Japanese applicants for nationality eligibility, though language and documentation requirements remain. Without PR, a non-permanent resident with a Japanese spouse or guarantor may be considered by some banks; a non-PR applicant without a Japanese spouse faces fewer lenders and may need stronger income, employer, Japanese-language, down-payment, and long-term residence evidence. A nonresident living abroad generally cannot obtain an ordinary owner-occupier mortgage; specialist investment or cross-border finance may exist at higher cost and lower LTV.\nA practical non-PR lender sequence is: employer or developer partner bank, then PRESTIA (English support, up to ¥500 million, no guarantee fee, purchase and refinance), Tokyo Star Bank (a Star Mortgage expressly marketed to foreign nationals without PR), Suruga Bank (a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents), a regional or relationship bank, a Flat 35 provider if nationality/residence eligibility is met, and then specialist secured or investment finance. Weigh the non-PR premium against the cost and uncertainty of waiting for PR.\nBuilding a strong file\nA strong foreign-resident mortgage file contains: residence card, passport, resident record, and My Number-related tax documents as requested; PR documentation or a clear explanation of visa category, renewals, and any Japanese spouse or guarantor; Japanese tax certificates and income records for multiple years; an employment certificate, contract, tenure, role, and salary-deposit evidence; full disclosure of domestic and overseas debts; proof of the down payment and source of funds, including translated overseas bank statements where required; Japanese-language capability or an accepted interpreter arrangement; property documents, purchase contract, and important-matters explanation; a written explanation of long-term residence and repayment continuity where requested; and a contingency plan for transfer overseas, loss of visa, divorce, or departure from Japan.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/foreigners-buying-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-buy-foreigner","faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-pr-mandatory","faq:loan-english-support"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:mortgage-income-documents"]},"sources":[{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"tokyostar-mortgage","publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","title":"Star Mortgage housing loan","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"suruga-mortgage","publisher":"Suruga Bank","title":"Foreign-national home loan","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-investment-japan:en","entityId":"guide:property-investment-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property investment in Japan","plainText":"Underwrite a Japanese rental as a business using NOI, DSCR, and realistic vacancy and capex — not gross yield — because a 5–6% gross yield can become a thin or negative cash return after costs.\nFinancing, yields, vacancy, expenses, taxes, cash flow, exit risk, and why owner-occupier loans must never be misused for rentals.\nUse NOI, DSCR, cash-on-cash, and break-even occupancy — never gross yield as if it were cash flow.\nDo not treat mortgage principal as an operating expense, but do reserve for capital expenditure.\nAn owner-occupier mortgage cannot casually become an investment loan — misstating occupancy risks acceleration and fraud claims.\nNine million vacant homes is not nine million bargains — most sit in weak-demand locations with title, access, or structural issues.\nUnderwrite it as a business\nEffective gross income is scheduled rent minus vacancy, concessions, and bad debt, plus other income. Net operating income (NOI) is effective gross income minus operating expenses — management, association fees, owner-paid utilities, leasing commissions, maintenance, insurance, fixed-asset and city-planning tax, vacancy, and recurring capital expenditure — but not mortgage principal. Cash flow before tax is NOI minus debt service and a capex reserve, and DSCR is NOI divided by annual debt service. There is no universal safe DSCR, but a margin above 1.0 is essential and lenders usually require more.\nA property advertised at a 5% gross yield can produce a weak or negative cash yield after costs. A ¥40 million unit renting for ¥200,000/month has a 6.0% gross yield, but after 5% vacancy, ¥360,000 of annual management/association charges, ¥200,000 tax and insurance, ¥150,000 maintenance, and a ¥200,000 capital reserve, illustrative NOI is about ¥1.37 million — roughly 3.4% of price before acquisition costs. Finance that at 2.5% with high leverage and little margin remains.\nInvestment diligence\nAsk who the tenant is and how deep demand is at the target rent; whether comparables are signed rents or asking rents; the next roof, façade, elevator, pipe, and waterproofing costs; whether the current use, fire systems, and access are compliant; whether financing is fixed, floating, callable, and recourse, and what the refinance assumption is; how the land/building allocation and depreciation are supported for tax; who will buy at exit, at what cap rate, after how many years; and the management fee, renewal fee, repair markup, and cancellation terms. Cap-rate expansion — buyers later demanding a higher yield — reduces value for the same NOI.\nWhat not to do\nDo not use a residential mortgage for investment unless the lender expressly authorizes it — moving out, long-term renting, Airbnb use, or running a business from the property may breach loan, insurance, building, zoning, or condominium rules, and misstating occupancy can trigger decline, acceleration, fraud concerns, and insurance or tax consequences. Do not rely on future refinancing, do not use gross yield as cash flow, and do not buy a non-rebuildable or leasehold property or an empty rural house without specialist review. Short-term rental (minpaku) is generally limited to 180 days per year nationally, municipalities can restrict it further, and condominium bylaws may prohibit it even where law permits.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-investment-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-good-investment","faq:loan-gross-yield","faq:loan-residential-for-investment","faq:loan-vacant-house"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:investment-property-loans","guide:home-vs-investment-property","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home","guide:minpaku-homeowners"]},"sources":[{"id":"stat-housing-survey","publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","title":"Housing and Land Survey","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-minpaku","publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","title":"Private-lodging (minpaku) portal","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:homeownership-japan:en","entityId":"guide:homeownership-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Owning a home in Japan","plainText":"Ownership is an ongoing commitment: budget every year for fixed-asset and city-planning tax, insurance, and repairs — self-funded for a house, via management and repair-reserve fees for a condominium.\nAnnual taxes, insurance, repairs, condominium fees, renovations, renting out, and selling — the ongoing cost and duty of ownership.\nFixed-asset tax (and city-planning tax where applicable) is an annual municipal cost based on assessed value.\nA house owner must self-fund roof, exterior, structure, drainage, and termite repairs; a condo owner pays management and repair-reserve fees.\nFire insurance is generally required by lenders; earthquake cover is separate and capped.\nRenting out, Airbnb, or moving overseas requires lender, insurer, tax, and building-rule review first.\nThe annual cost of ownership\nEvery year an owner pays fixed-asset tax (固定資産税), a municipal tax based on assessed value, plus city-planning tax (都市計画税) within designated urban-planning areas. A condominium owner also pays a monthly management fee (管理費) for ordinary operations and a repair reserve (修繕積立金) for major capital works — the reserve is saved for the future, the management fee is not. A house owner pays neither but must self-fund an equivalent private reserve for roof, exterior, equipment, and structure, because those costs land directly and unevenly over time.\nInsurance and repairs\nLenders generally require adequate fire insurance on the building. Earthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance; its insured amount is generally 30–50% of the corresponding fire-insurance amount, capped at ¥50 million for the building and ¥10 million for contents, and it is designed to support recovery rather than guarantee full reconstruction. Ordinary fire insurance generally does not cover earthquake-caused fire, so consider the separate earthquake cover. Review coverage annually and compare external quotes even if a lender or agent offers a bundled policy.\nRenting out, Airbnb, moving, selling\nYou can rent out a mortgaged home only with lender consent and compliance with loan, tax, insurance, and building rules; converting to an investment property without authorization can breach the loan. Airbnb/minpaku requires national law, municipal ordinance, condominium bylaws, lender, and insurer all to permit it. If you move overseas, notify the lender, insurer, tax authorities, and manager, because owner-occupancy terms may require action. When you sell, brokerage, mortgage release, legal costs, repairs, and tax reduce net proceeds, and a qualifying principal-residence sale may access a special capital-gains deduction of up to ¥30 million subject to conditions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/homeownership-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-fees","faq:loan-rent-out-mortgaged","faq:loan-fire-earthquake","faq:loan-move-overseas"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-asset-tax","guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:selling-property-costs"]},"sources":[{"id":"gia-earthquake","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Earthquake insurance guidance","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"tokyo-fixed-asset-tax","publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","title":"Fixed-asset tax and city-planning tax","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-home-sale-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"¥30 million home-sale special deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3302.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rent-vs-buy-japan-guide:en","entityId":"guide:rent-vs-buy-japan-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rent or buy in Japan? The full decision","plainText":"Buy when your likely holding period is long, your cash reserve is strong, and the property is liquid; rent when flexibility matters or you might leave Japan within a handful of years.\nHolding period, cash requirements, flexibility, resale, and maintenance — a scenario-based frame rather than a single answer.\nLength of stay and job stability drive the decision more than the monthly-payment comparison.\nBuying needs 6–10% of the price in cash on top of the down payment; renting preserves that liquidity.\nMany Japanese buildings depreciate and resale can be slow, so buying is not automatic wealth-building.\nModel pessimistic, central, and optimistic resale — plus an early sale after three or five years.\nWhat actually drives the decision\nIn some countries buying almost always builds wealth; in Japan it is more nuanced. Many homes — especially older wooden houses — depreciate, and resale liquidity varies sharply by location, so a purchase is not automatically an investment win. The land component and prime-area properties behave differently. Renting keeps you flexible, which matters a great deal if your job or country of residence might change within a few years. Decide on holding period and cash strength first, then run the numbers.\nUse scenarios, not one answer\nA useful rent-vs-buy comparison models monthly rent, renewal fees, deposit loss, and rent inflation on the renting side; and purchase costs, mortgage, ownership expenses, resale price, selling costs, tax benefits, and the investment return on cash you did not spend on the buying side. Run several scenarios — pessimistic, central, and optimistic resale; zero appreciation; a major repair; and an early sale after three or five years — rather than trusting a single break-even figure. Buying tends to win only when the holding period is long enough to absorb the 6–10% transaction cost.\nKey points to carry away: Length of stay and job stability drive the decision more than the monthly-payment comparison; Buying needs 6–10% of the price in cash on top of the down payment; renting preserves that liquidity; Many Japanese buildings depreciate and resale can be slow, so buying is not automatic wealth-building; Model pessimistic, central, and optimistic resale — plus an early sale after three or five years. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/rent-vs-buy-japan-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-rent-vs-buy","faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-homes-depreciate"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:rent-vs-buy-japan","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:property-resale-value"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-land","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT)","title":"Land price and real-estate transaction information","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_tk5_000085.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-buying-checklist:en","entityId":"guide:property-buying-checklist","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan property-buying checklist","plainText":"Work through five stages — budget and credit, preapproval and search, offer and important-matters review, contract and final approval, inspection and closing — then complete the post-purchase tax and insurance tasks.\nA stage-by-stage checklist from budget to closing, covering financing, diligence, contracts, inspection, and post-purchase tasks.\nDo not make an offer before preapproval and a clear financing-condition clause.\nRead the explanation of important matters early, not minutes before signing.\nFor a used home, commission an independent inspection where practical.\nAfter closing, file the first-year mortgage-deduction return and note defect deadlines.\nStages 1–2: budget, credit, preapproval, search\nBudget: set a maximum purchase price, a maximum monthly housing outflow (mortgage plus tax, management, reserve, insurance, parking, utilities, and repairs), and a minimum post-closing cash reserve. Credit: check your CIC and JICC records, avoid new debt and repeated applications, and gather withholding slips and tax certificates. Preapproval: obtain preliminary screening (事前審査) so you know your realistic budget. Search: use multiple portals and agents, treat listings as discovery only, and evaluate area — commute, schools, medical care, noise, redevelopment, zoning, slope, and flood/landslide/tsunami/liquefaction exposure using MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library.\nStages 3–4: offer, important matters, contract, final approval\nOffer: submit a purchase application (買付証明書) clarifying price, deposit, financing condition, closing date, included fixtures, and inspection/renovation access. Important matters: obtain the 重要事項説明 documents early and review title, road access, zoning, hazards, utilities, leasehold, management, deposits, and cancellation. Contract: sign the purchase agreement and pay earnest money (手付金, commonly 5–10% but not universal), understanding the financing-condition clause and cancellation rights. Final approval: submit the contract, important-matters explanation, tax and income documents, identity and residence records, property documents, and insurance/health declarations for full underwriting.\nStage 5 and after: inspection, closing, post-purchase\nInspection: for a used home, commission an independent qualified inspector; remember a lender appraisal is not a structural inspection and no inspection guarantees no hidden defects. Closing: pay the balance, receive lender disbursement, take keys and possession, and let the judicial scrivener file ownership and mortgage registrations — confirm vacant possession, utilities, prorated taxes and fees, and no unexpected encumbrances. After: file tax claims including the first-year mortgage-deduction return, change your address, retain the contract and cost evidence, note defect-notification deadlines, establish a repair reserve, and review insurance annually.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-buying-checklist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-financing-clause","faq:loan-earnest-money-size","faq:loan-inspection-guarantee"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:buying-property-japan","guide:important-matters-explanation","guide:home-inspections","guide:property-closing-registration"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-inspection","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Existing-home condition inspection framework","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-loans-work:en","entityId":"guide:how-loans-work","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How loans work in Japan","plainText":"A loan is principal you repay over a term with interest on the outstanding balance; secured loans pledge collateral for lower rates, and missing payments triggers charges, credit damage, and possible enforcement.\nPrincipal, interest, term, repayment, collateral, and default — the mechanics behind every loan.\nInterest is charged on the outstanding balance, so early payments on a level-payment loan are mostly interest.\nA longer term lowers the monthly payment but usually raises total interest.\nCollateral (a registered mortgage) secures a loan; default can lead to enforcement and sale.\nSurrendering collateral does not always erase a remaining deficiency.\nPrincipal, interest, and term\nPrincipal (元金) is the amount borrowed before interest and fees. Interest (利息) is the price of using that money, charged at a nominal annual rate on the outstanding balance — not on the original principal forever. The loan term (借入期間) is the repayment period: a longer term lowers each monthly payment but usually increases total interest and can carry a rate surcharge. Several banks now permit terms up to 50 years, subject to age, property, and underwriting limits.\nRepayment, collateral, and default\nAmortization (返済予定) is how each payment splits between interest and principal. Secured loans pledge collateral (担保): a mortgage lender registers a first-ranking mortgage over the property, which is why secured loans carry lower rates and longer terms than unsecured card or consumer loans. If you default, late-payment charges (遅延損害金) accrue, but the more serious consequences are credit-record damage, acceleration of the whole balance, guarantee-company performance, collection, and ultimately foreclosure — and surrendering the property does not necessarily erase any remaining deficiency.\nKey points to carry away: Interest is charged on the outstanding balance, so early payments on a level-payment loan are mostly interest; A longer term lowers the monthly payment but usually raises total interest; Collateral (a registered mortgage) secures a loan; default can lead to enforcement and sale; Surrendering collateral does not always erase a remaining deficiency. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/how-loans-work","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-principal","faq:loan-what-interest","faq:loan-what-collateral"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:borrowing-guide","guide:interest-rates","guide:collateral-guarantee-companies","guide:late-payments-default"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:interest-rates:en","entityId":"guide:interest-rates","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Understanding Japanese loan interest rates","plainText":"The advertised rate is usually a base (reference) rate minus an approved discount margin; whether that margin is permanent, and how the rate resets, matters as much as the number itself.\nNominal rate, effective cost, base rate, preferential rate, and how and when rates change.\nThe base (reference) rate is the lender’s starting point; the preferential rate is that minus an approved discount.\nA discount margin can be permanent for the term or conditional — confirm which.\nVariable rates are commonly reviewed twice a year, but contracts differ.\nJapan has left the near-zero era: prime rates rose in 2026 and further changes were pre-announced.\nBase rate vs preferential rate\nA lender publishes a base or reference rate (基準金利/店頭金利) and then applies an approved discount margin to produce your preferential rate (優遇金利/適用金利). Two borrowers at the same bank can hold very different rates because their discount margins differ. Critically, ask whether the discount is fixed for the whole term or conditional on keeping certain accounts or services — a discount that can disappear turns an attractive rate into a moving target.\nHow and when rates change\nA fixed rate (固定金利) is fixed for the whole term or an initial period; a variable rate (変動金利) is periodically reviewed, commonly recalculated twice a year, with the payment changing immediately or under a five-year/125% rule depending on the contract. Those payment rules limit the timing or size of payment changes; they do not stop interest accruing or remove rate risk, and some lenders do not use them — so read the agreement. Because Japan left the near-zero era (the BoJ guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026 and prime rates rose), a variable borrower should model the payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points.\nKey points to carry away: The base (reference) rate is the lender’s starting point; the preferential rate is that minus an approved discount; A discount margin can be permanent for the term or conditional — confirm which; Variable rates are commonly reviewed twice a year, but contracts differ; Japan has left the near-zero era: prime rates rose in 2026 and further changes were pre-announced. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/interest-rates","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-base-rate","faq:loan-what-preferential","faq:loan-discount-disappear","faq:loan-variable-change-frequency"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","guide:mortgage-rates"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"boj-call-rate","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Uncollateralized overnight call rate","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/statistics/market/short/mutan/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"APR and the true cost of a Japanese mortgage","plainText":"Japanese mortgage ads emphasize the nominal rate and state fees separately, so you must calculate an effective cost from the execution rate, the 2.2% origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and your expected holding period.\nWhy headline rates are incomplete: origination fees, insurance, registration, and holding period.\nJapan has no single standardized all-in APR display; you build the effective cost yourself.\nA 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs.\nA nominally lower rate can be the more expensive loan for a short holding period.\nInclude registration, judicial-scrivener fees, insurance, and any early-repayment charge.\nWhy the headline rate is incomplete\nIn international usage, APR combines interest and specified fees into one annualized borrowing cost. Japanese mortgage advertising commonly emphasizes the nominal annual rate and states fees separately, rather than presenting one universally comparable all-in APR. The reviewed lender pages, for example, state rates and 2.20% origination fees separately. To compare fairly you must calculate an effective cost using the execution rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration and license tax, judicial-scrivener fees, and — decisively — your expected holding period.\nAn all-in cost worksheet\nAdd up: interest over your expected holding period; the origination fee (often 2.20% — ¥1.10 million on ¥50 million) or a guarantee fee; group credit life insurance and any riders; appraisal; registration and license tax; judicial-scrivener fees; account conditions needed to keep a discount; and any early-repayment charge. Then subtract the opportunity cost of the down payment. Two loans with the same rate can differ by over a million yen once fees are counted, and a low-rate loan with a large fee is a poor fit for a borrower who expects to sell or refinance within a few years.\nKey points to carry away: Japan has no single standardized all-in APR display; you build the effective cost yourself; A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs; A nominally lower rate can be the more expensive loan for a short holding period; Include registration, judicial-scrivener fees, insurance, and any early-repayment charge. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-apr-total-cost","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-apr","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-total-cost"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-fees","guide:read-mortgage-quote","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained:en","entityId":"guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fixed and variable interest explained","plainText":"Fixed rates cost more now but remove interest-rate risk; variable rates are cheaper now but shift that risk to you — choose variable only if you can absorb a 2–3 point rise without selling.\nFixed, variable, fixed-period, repricing, and rate risk — what each structure does to your payment.\nFixed (including Flat 35) locks the rate; a 10-year fixed-selection loan resets after 10 years.\nVariable is reviewed periodically; the household bears any increase.\nA borrower who can only afford the loan at the initial rate cannot safely afford it.\nMixed-rate loans split exposure but add complexity and two sets of assumptions.\nThe four structures\nA fully fixed rate (including Flat 35) holds for the entire term. A fixed-period or fixed-selection loan (e.g. 10-year fixed) fixes the rate for an initial window and then reprices at the then-current rate and contractual discount — a 10-year fixed loan is not a 35-year fully fixed loan. A variable rate is reviewed periodically, commonly twice a year. A mixed-rate loan splits the borrowing between variable and fixed portions, reducing concentration but requiring you to manage two sets of assumptions.\nRate risk and the stress test\nVariable-rate loans now require a genuine stress test. A household that can afford a loan only at the initial rate cannot safely afford that loan. Choose variable only if the household survives a 2–3 point rise without selling — model the payment at +1, +2, and +3 points and check that stressed housing costs stay within a prudent share of net income. Fixed removes specified interest-rate risk, but not income, property, inflation, or life risk, so it is not \"risk-free.\"\nKey points to carry away: Fixed (including Flat 35) locks the rate; a 10-year fixed-selection loan resets after 10 years; Variable is reviewed periodically; the household bears any increase; A borrower who can only afford the loan at the initial rate cannot safely afford it; Mixed-rate loans split exposure but add complexity and two sets of assumptions. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/fixed-variable-interest-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-fixed","faq:loan-what-variable","faq:loan-fixed-risk-free","faq:loan-unpaid-interest"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","guide:five-year-125-percent-rule","guide:variable-rate-mortgages","guide:fixed-rate-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"resona-mortgage","publisher":"Resona Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-amortization:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-amortization","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How mortgage payments and amortization work","plainText":"A level-payment loan keeps the scheduled payment steady with mostly interest early on; a level-principal loan repays equal principal each month, starting higher but costing less total interest.\nLevel payment vs level principal, interest allocation, and how the term changes total interest.\nOn a level-payment loan, early payments are mostly interest because the balance is largest at the start.\nLevel-principal repayment starts higher and declines, saving total interest, but is not offered everywhere.\nA one- or two-point rate difference becomes large over 35 years.\nA longer term lowers the monthly payment but raises total interest.\nLevel payment vs level principal\nLevel principal-and-interest (元利均等返済) keeps the scheduled payment level until a rate or payment reset, but the principal component grows over time — early payments are mostly interest. Level principal (元金均等返済) repays the same principal amount each month, so payments start higher and decline, reducing total interest relative to a comparable level-payment loan; it is not offered by every lender. Level payment eases early cash flow; level principal saves interest for borrowers who can afford higher early payments.\nWhy rate and term matter so much\nFor a ¥50 million, 35-year, fully amortizing level-payment loan, the approximate monthly payment and total interest rise steeply with the rate: about ¥139,900/month and ¥8.74 million total interest at 0.945%; ¥153,100 and ¥14.30 million at 1.50%; ¥165,600 and ¥19.57 million at 2.00%; ¥178,700 and ¥25.07 million at 2.50%; ¥200,600 and ¥34.26 million at 3.29%; and ¥221,400 and ¥42.98 million at 4.00%. These exclude fees and payment-rule effects, but they show why a \"small\" one- or two-point difference becomes financially large over decades — and why a longer term, though it lowers the monthly figure, raises total interest.\nKey points to carry away: On a level-payment loan, early payments are mostly interest because the balance is largest at the start; Level-principal repayment starts higher and declines, saving total interest, but is not offered everywhere; A one- or two-point rate difference becomes large over 35 years; A longer term lowers the monthly payment but raises total interest. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-amortization","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-amortization","faq:loan-level-principal-interest","faq:loan-level-principal"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:repayment-method-comparison","guide:interest-rates","guide:early-repayment"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:five-year-125-percent-rule:en","entityId":"guide:five-year-125-percent-rule","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan’s five-year and 125% mortgage rules","plainText":"The five-year rule delays payment recalculation and the 125% rule caps a payment increase at 125% at review — but neither caps the interest rate nor stops interest accruing, and some lenders do not use them at all.\nWhat the rules do, what they do not do, unpaid-interest risk, and how lenders differ.\nThe five-year rule keeps the payment unchanged for a period even if the rate rises.\nThe 125% rule limits a payment increase to 125% of the prior payment at review.\nNeither rule caps the interest rate or prevents interest from accruing.\nWhen interest exceeds the scheduled payment, unpaid interest can build up.\nWhat the rules do and don’t do\nOn some variable loans, the payment amount is recalculated only every five years even if the rate is reviewed twice a year (the \"five-year rule\"), and when it is recalculated any increase is limited to 125% of the previous payment (the \"125% rule\"). These conventions limit the timing and size of payment changes — they smooth the shock. They do not cap the interest rate, do not stop interest accruing, and do not reduce the total you owe. Some lenders do not use these conventions at all, so read the actual agreement rather than assuming they apply.\nThe unpaid-interest risk\nThe danger is subtle: if the rate rises far enough that the interest due exceeds the capped payment, the shortfall becomes unpaid interest (未払利息) that can accumulate on top of the principal. The payment feels stable, but the debt is quietly growing, and at the end of the smoothing period a large recalculated payment or a residual balance can appear. This is why a variable borrower must stress-test at higher rates and keep reserves, rather than treating the five-year/125% rules as protection against rising rates.\nKey points to carry away: The five-year rule keeps the payment unchanged for a period even if the rate rises; The 125% rule limits a payment increase to 125% of the prior payment at review; Neither rule caps the interest rate or prevents interest from accruing; When interest exceeds the scheduled payment, unpaid interest can build up. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/five-year-125-percent-rule","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-five-year-rule","faq:loan-125-rule","faq:loan-all-variable-rules","faq:loan-unpaid-interest"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:variable-rate-mortgages","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"id":"resona-mortgage","publisher":"Resona Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:loan-to-value-down-payment:en","entityId":"guide:loan-to-value-down-payment","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Loan-to-value and down payments","plainText":"LTV is the loan divided by the lender-recognized property value; a lower LTV (a bigger down payment) usually improves pricing and approval, while zero-down financing raises leverage and negative-equity risk.\nHow LTV is calculated, the 80% and 90% thresholds, zero-down risks, and appraisal value.\nLTV = loan ÷ lender-recognized property value (or price).\nMany lenders price better at ≤80% LTV; some add a surcharge above 80%.\nZero-down or >100% financing can leave you in negative equity with no cash for fees or repairs.\nThe lender’s recognized value may be below the purchase price.\nHow LTV works\nLoan-to-value is the loan divided by the lender-recognized property value or price. Because the lender’s recognized value can be below the price you agreed, your effective LTV may be higher than you expect. Many lenders offer their best pricing at 80% LTV or lower and add a surcharge above it — au Jibun Bank, for example, adds 0.045 percentage points above 80% LTV. A larger down payment lowers LTV, which generally improves both the rate and the approval odds.\nThe risk of zero-down financing\nSome loans finance 90%, 100%, or even more than 100% of the price by including transaction costs, but this raises leverage and risk. With little or no equity, a buyer can quickly fall into negative equity if the property’s market value dips or depreciates, and may have no cash left for closing fees, repairs, or emergencies. A prudent buyer keeps a down payment and a separate reserve for the 6–10% of closing costs rather than borrowing everything.\nKey points to carry away: LTV = loan ÷ lender-recognized property value (or price); Many lenders price better at ≤80% LTV; some add a surcharge above 80%; Zero-down or >100% financing can leave you in negative equity with no cash for fees or repairs; The lender’s recognized value may be below the purchase price. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/loan-to-value-down-payment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-how-much-down","faq:loan-zero-down-safe","faq:loan-what-ltv","faq:loan-ltv-over-100"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:down-payment-comparison","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:mortgage-rates"]},"sources":[{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:debt-to-income-japan:en","entityId":"guide:debt-to-income-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Debt-to-income and mortgage affordability","plainText":"The debt-service ratio is annual scheduled repayments ÷ qualifying income; Flat 35 generally allows up to 30% below ¥4 million income and 35% at or above it, but the lender’s maximum is not a prudent household target.\nDebt-service ratios, qualifying income, and household affordability versus the bank maximum.\nDebt-service ratio = annual scheduled repayments ÷ qualifying annual income.\nFlat 35: generally ≤30% for income below ¥4 million, ≤35% at ¥4 million or more.\nThe ratio counts all debts, not just the mortgage — car loans and card limits reduce your headroom.\nA lower ratio is safer after tax, childcare, pension, maintenance, and rate increases.\nThe debt-service ratio\nThe debt-service ratio (返済負担率) is usually annual scheduled repayments divided by qualifying annual income, and it counts all your debts — the new mortgage plus car loans, card-loan minimums, and other obligations. Flat 35’s published framework generally allows total annual debt repayments of no more than 30% for income below ¥4 million and 35% for income of ¥4 million or more. Qualifying income for the self-employed or variable earners is often a normalized, lower figure, and existing debts directly reduce the mortgage you can be approved for.\nBank maximum vs prudent target\nA lender’s maximum is not a household recommendation. The published ratio is an underwriting ceiling; a prudent household usually targets a lower ratio after accounting for income tax, resident tax, national pension, national health insurance, childcare, ongoing maintenance, and the possibility of rate increases on a variable loan. Borrowing the maximum approved leaves no margin for a rate rise or a life change, so decide affordability on your own stressed budget, not on the bank’s ceiling.\nKey points to carry away: Debt-service ratio = annual scheduled repayments ÷ qualifying annual income; Flat 35: generally ≤30% for income below ¥4 million, ≤35% at ¥4 million or more; The ratio counts all debts, not just the mortgage — car loans and card limits reduce your headroom; A lower ratio is safer after tax, childcare, pension, maintenance, and rate increases. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/debt-to-income-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-dti","faq:loan-flat35-ratios","faq:loan-borrow-maximum"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:property-budget","guide:debt-before-mortgage","guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-repayment-ratio","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 repayment-ratio and simulation","url":"https://www.flat35.com/user/simulation/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:preapproval-final-approval:en","entityId":"guide:preapproval-final-approval","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage preapproval vs final approval","plainText":"Preapproval is a preliminary screening on stated information and is not a promise to lend; final approval is full underwriting of you and the property, and it can still fail if documents, appraisal, insurance, employment, debt, or property eligibility change.\nWhat each stage checks, validity, property underwriting, and why approval can still fail.\nPreapproval (事前審査) screens stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property — not a promise.\nFinal approval (本審査) is full underwriting after detailed documents and property checks.\nApproval can fail after preapproval if documents differ, the appraisal is weak, or insurance is unavailable.\nGet preapproval before making an offer, and avoid job changes or new debt until closing.\nTwo stages, two purposes\nPreapproval (事前審査/仮審査) is an initial screening using your stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property information. It gives you a realistic budget and lets you act quickly, but it is not a promise to lend. Final approval (本審査) is full underwriting after you submit detailed documents and the lender checks the property — the sale contract, important-matters explanation, tax and income documents, identity and residence records, property documents, and insurance/health declarations all come into play here.\nWhy final approval can still fail\nApproval can fail or change after preapproval if the documents differ from what you stated, the appraisal comes in weak, group credit life insurance is unavailable because of health, your employment changes, new debt appears, or the property turns out to be ineligible (for example, leasehold terms, floor area, legality, or rebuildability). To protect yourself, get preapproval before making an offer, draft the financing-condition clause carefully, and avoid material changes — job moves, new loans, large purchases — between preapproval and closing.\nKey points to carry away: Preapproval (事前審査) screens stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property — not a promise; Final approval (本審査) is full underwriting after detailed documents and property checks; Approval can fail after preapproval if documents differ, the appraisal is weak, or insurance is unavailable; Get preapproval before making an offer, and avoid job changes or new debt until closing. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/preapproval-final-approval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-preapproval","faq:loan-what-final-approval","faq:loan-approval-fail","faq:loan-change-jobs"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-preapproval","guide:mortgage-financing-clause","guide:employment-mortgage-approval"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:collateral-guarantee-companies:en","entityId":"guide:collateral-guarantee-companies","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Collateral, mortgage registration and guarantee companies","plainText":"A mortgage lender registers a first-ranking mortgage over the property; a guarantee company can pay the bank if you default, but you then owe the guarantee company, and a joint guarantor takes on extensive liability.\nRegistered mortgage, guarantee-company role, guarantors, and default consequences.\nThe lender registers a first-ranking mortgage (抵当権) over the property.\nA guarantee company (保証会社) screens you and can pay the bank on default — but you then owe the guarantor.\nGuarantee performance does not erase your debt; the claim transfers to the guarantee company.\nA joint guarantor (連帯保証人) is not a character reference — the liability can be extensive.\nCollateral and mortgage registration\nCollateral (担保) is an asset securing the loan. A mortgage lender registers a first-ranking mortgage (抵当権) over the property, which gives the lower rates and longer terms of secured lending. If you default, enforcement can lead to a sale, and surrendering the property does not necessarily erase any remaining deficiency — you can still owe the shortfall between the sale proceeds and the balance.\nGuarantee companies and joint guarantors\nA guarantee company (保証会社) guarantees repayment to the lender after screening you. If it pays the bank on your default, your debt is not erased — the claim generally transfers to the guarantee company, which then pursues you. A \"no guarantee fee\" product may instead charge a percentage-based origination fee or build the cost into the rate, so compare the total. A joint guarantor (連帯保証人) is a person liable under the guarantee terms; this is not merely a character reference, the liability can be extensive, and it should never be accepted casually.\nKey points to carry away: The lender registers a first-ranking mortgage (抵当権) over the property; A guarantee company (保証会社) screens you and can pay the bank on default — but you then owe the guarantor; Guarantee performance does not erase your debt; the claim transfers to the guarantee company; A joint guarantor (連帯保証人) is not a character reference — the liability can be extensive. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/collateral-guarantee-companies","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-collateral","faq:loan-what-mortgage-registration","faq:loan-what-guarantee-company","faq:loan-guarantee-erase-debt"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-fees","guide:how-loans-work","guide:late-payments-default"]},"sources":[{"id":"jftc-guarantee","publisher":"Japanese Bankers Association (JBA)","title":"Japanese Bankers Association","url":"https://www.zenginkyo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:early-repayment:en","entityId":"guide:early-repayment","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Early mortgage repayment in Japan","plainText":"Paying extra principal saves interest, and term-reduction usually saves more than payment-reduction, but preserve emergency liquidity and weigh the mortgage-tax deduction before making irreversible prepayments.\nTerm reduction vs payment reduction, fees, and the emergency-fund trade-off.\nTerm reduction (期間短縮) usually saves more interest than payment reduction (返済額軽減), all else equal.\nMany online prepayments are free, but the method and any fee differ by lender.\nPreserve an emergency fund before prepaying — prepayment is hard to reverse.\nA large prepayment can reduce a mortgage-tax deduction based on the year-end balance.\nTerm reduction vs payment reduction\nEarly repayment (繰上返済) means paying extra principal ahead of schedule. You can apply it two ways: term reduction keeps the monthly payment the same but shortens the loan, while payment reduction keeps the term the same but lowers the monthly payment. All else equal, term reduction normally saves more interest because it removes the most heavily-interest-bearing later years. Many lenders let you make partial prepayments online for free, but the method, minimum amount, and any fee differ, so check your loan’s terms.\nThe liquidity and tax trade-off\nPrepayment is close to irreversible: once the cash is in the loan, you cannot easily get it back. Preserve an emergency fund — commonly several months of living costs plus property-specific repair reserves — before making large prepayments. Also weigh the mortgage-tax deduction, which is based on the year-end mortgage balance: prepaying reduces that balance and can reduce the deduction during the eligible years. The decision compares the interest saved against the value of liquidity and any deduction forgone.\nKey points to carry away: Term reduction (期間短縮) usually saves more interest than payment reduction (返済額軽減), all else equal; Many online prepayments are free, but the method and any fee differ by lender; Preserve an emergency fund before prepaying — prepayment is hard to reverse; A large prepayment can reduce a mortgage-tax deduction based on the year-end balance. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/early-repayment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-early-repayment","faq:loan-early-always-best","faq:loan-term-vs-payment-reduction","faq:loan-online-early-free"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-amortization","guide:mortgage-tax-deduction"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-mortgage-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Housing-loan tax deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:late-payments-default:en","entityId":"guide:late-payments-default","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens when a loan payment is late?","plainText":"A late payment triggers late-payment charges and a credit-record mark, and continued default can lead to acceleration of the whole balance, guarantee-company performance, collection, and ultimately foreclosure — with any deficiency still owed.\nLate charges, credit records, acceleration, collection, guarantee performance, and foreclosure.\nLate-payment charges (遅延損害金) accrue, but the credit-record damage matters more.\nContinued default can trigger acceleration — the whole balance becomes due.\nThe guarantee company may pay the bank, then pursue you for the full amount.\nForeclosure can follow, and a deficiency after sale can still be owed.\nThe consequence timeline\nA single late payment first triggers late-payment charges (遅延損害金) and, more importantly, a mark on your credit records at CIC/JICC that can affect future borrowing for years. If default continues, the lender can accelerate the loan — declaring the entire balance immediately due — and the guarantee company may perform (pay the bank). Guarantee performance does not erase your debt: the claim transfers to the guarantee company, which pursues you for the full amount. Ultimately the lender or guarantor can enforce the mortgage and foreclose, and any deficiency between the sale proceeds and the balance can still be owed.\nIf you are struggling to pay\nContact the lender early — before, not after, you miss a payment. Lenders can sometimes adjust the term, temporarily reduce payments, or discuss other options, and an early conversation is far better than silence. Check whether the difficulty is temporary or structural, review your whole budget and other debts, and get independent advice. Avoid using high-rate card or consumer loans to cover a mortgage shortfall, because that usually deepens the problem rather than solving it.\nKey points to carry away: Late-payment charges (遅延損害金) accrue, but the credit-record damage matters more; Continued default can trigger acceleration — the whole balance becomes due; The guarantee company may pay the bank, then pursue you for the full amount; Foreclosure can follow, and a deficiency after sale can still be owed. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/late-payments-default","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-late-payment","faq:loan-what-collateral","faq:loan-guarantee-erase-debt"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:credit-records-japan","guide:collateral-guarantee-companies","guide:debt-warning-signs"]},"sources":[{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jicc-credit","publisher":"JICC","title":"Japan Credit Information Reference Center","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:credit-records-japan:en","entityId":"guide:credit-records-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japanese credit records and mortgage applications","plainText":"Japan has no single public credit score; lenders pull records from CIC and JICC, which hold application inquiries (six months at CIC) and contract, repayment, and delinquency data generally through the contract and up to five years after it ends.\nCIC, JICC, application records, delinquencies, self-disclosure, and preparation.\nThere is no single public credit score; lenders use CIC/JICC records plus proprietary underwriting.\nCIC records application inquiries for six months and contract/payment data up to five years after termination.\nYou can request your own disclosure from each organization before applying.\nAvoid repeated applications and new debt in the months before a mortgage.\nHow Japanese credit records work\nJapan does not operate one universal consumer credit score analogous to a public FICO score. Instead, lenders obtain credit information from designated or industry credit-information organizations and apply their own proprietary underwriting. CIC records application inquiries for six months and credit contracts and payment information generally during the contract and for up to five years after termination; JICC similarly publishes contract, repayment, delinquency, debt-restructuring, and related retention periods, commonly through the contract and up to five years after its end. Consumers can request their own disclosures from each organization.\nPractical preparation\nPay every account on time; a single forgotten missed payment can surface in underwriting. Avoid repeated applications immediately before a mortgage, because application inquiries are recorded and a cluster of them can look like distress. Close unnecessary revolving debt where appropriate, since open card-loan limits reduce your borrowing headroom. Check all three relevant records if you suspect a problem — an old account or an identity mismatch can be corrected before you apply. Preserve tax returns and withholding slips, and avoid job changes or major new borrowing between preapproval and closing.\nKey points to carry away: There is no single public credit score; lenders use CIC/JICC records plus proprietary underwriting; CIC records application inquiries for six months and contract/payment data up to five years after termination; You can request your own disclosure from each organization before applying; Avoid repeated applications and new debt in the months before a mortgage. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/credit-records-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-credit-record","faq:loan-multiple-applications","faq:loan-check-own-credit","faq:loan-serious-records-remain"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:borrowing-guide","guide:late-payments-default","guide:loan-application-checklist"]},"sources":[{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jicc-credit","publisher":"JICC","title":"Japan Credit Information Reference Center","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:employment-mortgage-approval:en","entityId":"guide:employment-mortgage-approval","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How employment affects mortgage approval","plainText":"A permanent salaried employee with several years of stable Japanese taxable income presents the simplest file; contract, probationary, recent-job-change, self-employed, and company-owner applicants may need more years of records and be assessed on normalized or lower income.\nEmployees, job changers, probation, contract workers, company owners, and sole proprietors.\nPermanent salaried employees with stable income and tenure present the simplest file.\nRecent job changers and probationary employees may be declined or reviewed case by case.\nContract employees can qualify with some lenders where stability and history are strong.\nCompany owners and sole proprietors usually need multiple years of financials or tax returns.\nHow lenders read employment\nLenders want evidence that your income will continue. A permanent, salaried employee with several years of stable Japanese taxable income is the easiest to underwrite. Contract employees, probationary employees, recent job changers, and commission-heavy workers introduce uncertainty: some lenders decline probationary or very recent hires, others review case by case, and stability and history carry more weight. Company owners and sole proprietors are assessed on their business’s health and often need multiple years of financial statements or tax returns, with income sometimes normalized to a conservative figure.\nWhat to provide and when to apply\nLenders commonly request withholding statements (源泉徴収票), tax certificates (課税証明書), employment confirmation, financial statements, and tax returns. If you have recently changed jobs, some lenders prefer you wait until you have a full year at the new employer, though a move within the same field at higher pay can sometimes be explained. Whatever your status, avoid changing jobs between preapproval and closing unless it is disclosed and accepted — a change at that stage can undo an approval.\nKey points to carry away: Permanent salaried employees with stable income and tenure present the simplest file; Recent job changers and probationary employees may be declined or reviewed case by case; Contract employees can qualify with some lenders where stability and history are strong; Company owners and sole proprietors usually need multiple years of financials or tax returns. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/employment-mortgage-approval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-job-changer","faq:loan-probationary","faq:loan-contract-employee","faq:loan-sole-proprietor"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-income-documents","guide:preapproval-final-approval","guide:sole-proprietor-business-loans"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-income-documents:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-income-documents","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Income documents required for a Japanese mortgage","plainText":"Employees typically provide withholding slips and tax certificates; the self-employed provide multiple years of tax returns; and overseas income, bonuses, and company accounts each carry documentation and recognition caveats.\nWithholding slips, tax certificates, returns, overseas income, bonuses, and company accounts.\nEmployees: withholding slips (源泉徴収票) and municipal tax certificates (課税証明書).\nSelf-employed and company owners: multiple years of tax returns or financial statements.\nOverseas income may count, but currency, tax, continuity, and translation issues can reduce recognition.\nBonus income may count, but do not rely on uncertain bonuses for affordability.\nThe document checklist\nFor employees, lenders commonly request the annual withholding slip (源泉徴収票), one or more years of municipal tax certificates (課税証明書 or 納税証明書), and employment confirmation such as a certificate, contract, and evidence of salary deposits. For sole proprietors and company owners, expect to provide multiple years of final tax returns and, for a company, financial statements. Keep the originals organized, because the final approval stage checks these against what you stated at preapproval, and discrepancies can derail the file.\nOverseas income, bonuses, and company accounts\nOverseas income sometimes counts, but currency risk, foreign-tax treatment, continuity, and the need for translated documents can reduce how much a lender recognizes. Bonus income may be counted, but households should not rely on uncertain bonuses for affordability — a base-salary-only budget is safer. For company owners, the lender looks past headline salary to the company’s accounts, and a director drawing a low salary from a healthy company, or a high salary from a fragile one, will be assessed on the underlying business. When in doubt, ask each lender exactly which income it will recognize before you rely on it.\nKey points to carry away: Employees: withholding slips (源泉徴収票) and municipal tax certificates (課税証明書); Self-employed and company owners: multiple years of tax returns or financial statements; Overseas income may count, but currency, tax, continuity, and translation issues can reduce recognition; Bonus income may count, but do not rely on uncertain bonuses for affordability. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-income-documents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-income-documents","faq:loan-years-income-history","faq:loan-overseas-income","faq:loan-bonus-income"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:employment-mortgage-approval","guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:mortgage-document-checklist"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:variable-rate-mortgages:en","entityId":"guide:variable-rate-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Variable-rate mortgages in Japan","plainText":"A variable-rate mortgage is cheaper now but its rate is reviewed periodically and you bear any increase — suitable only for households with large reserves that survive a 2–3 point rise without selling.\nHow variable rates work, who they suit, the stress test, and the payment-rule traps.\nThe rate is reviewed periodically, commonly twice a year; the household bears increases.\nChoose it only if you survive a 2–3 point rise without selling.\nFive-year/125% rules smooth payment changes but do not cap the rate or stop interest.\nComplacency about future rates and slower amortization are the main dangers.\nHow a variable-rate mortgage works\nA variable-rate mortgage (変動金利) has a rate that is reviewed periodically — commonly recalculated twice a year — against the lender’s reference rate. The advertised rate is usually low because you, not the lender, bear the risk of rate increases. Some loans apply a five-year rule (the payment amount is recalculated only every five years) and a 125% rule (a payment increase is capped at 125% at review); these smooth the shock but do not cap the interest rate or stop interest accruing, and some lenders do not use them.\nBest fit, poor fit, and the stress test\nVariable suits a borrower with large cash reserves and the ability to absorb increases — someone who could prepay or ride out a rate spike. It is a poor fit for a household whose affordability depends on the starting rate, because a loan you can afford only at the initial rate is a loan you cannot safely afford. Before choosing variable, model the payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points and confirm stressed housing costs stay within a prudent share of net income. Given that Japan left the near-zero era in 2026, this stress test is now essential rather than theoretical.\nKey points to carry away: The rate is reviewed periodically, commonly twice a year; the household bears increases; Choose it only if you survive a 2–3 point rise without selling; Five-year/125% rules smooth payment changes but do not cap the rate or stop interest; Complacency about future rates and slower amortization are the main dangers. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/variable-rate-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-variable-risky","faq:loan-rate-rise","faq:loan-variable-change-frequency"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:five-year-125-percent-rule","guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-rate-mortgages:en","entityId":"guide:fixed-rate-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fixed-rate mortgages in Japan","plainText":"A fixed-rate mortgage locks the rate for the whole term (like Flat 35) or an initial period, costing more now for payment certainty later — but it removes interest-rate risk only, not income, property, or life risk.\nFull-term and fixed-period fixed rates, who they suit, and what \"fixed\" does and does not remove.\nFull-term fixed (e.g. Flat 35) locks the rate for the entire loan.\nIt costs more now than a promotional variable rate, buying payment certainty.\nFixed removes interest-rate risk, not income, property, inflation, or life risk.\nBest for borrowers who value certainty and cannot absorb a large rate rise.\nHow fixed-rate mortgages work\nA fixed-rate mortgage (固定金利) locks the rate either for the whole term or for an initial period. Full-term fixed loans — most prominently Flat 35 — hold the same rate for 21–35 years (or longer), so the payment never changes. The trade-off is that the initial rate is higher than a promotional variable rate: you pay more now in exchange for removing the risk of future increases. This certainty is valuable precisely for households that could not comfortably absorb a rate rise.\nWhat fixed does and does not remove\nA fixed rate removes specified interest-rate risk — but it is not \"risk-free.\" It does not protect against a loss of income, a fall in property value, inflation eroding your real position, or life events like illness or divorce, and if market rates later fall you keep paying the higher fixed rate unless you refinance (which has its own costs and health screening). Choose fixed for certainty and an eligible property; choose a lower-cost variable or fixed-period loan only if you are a strong applicant who can genuinely absorb rate increases.\nKey points to carry away: Full-term fixed (e.g. Flat 35) locks the rate for the entire loan; It costs more now than a promotional variable rate, buying payment certainty; Fixed removes interest-rate risk, not income, property, inflation, or life risk; Best for borrowers who value certainty and cannot absorb a large rate rise. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/fixed-rate-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-fixed","faq:loan-fixed-risk-free","faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","guide:fixed-period-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jhf-flat35-rates","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 product and rate information","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aruhi-flat35","publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","title":"ARUHI Flat 35 rates and products","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-period-mortgages:en","entityId":"guide:fixed-period-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fixed-period mortgages","plainText":"A fixed-period mortgage fixes the rate for an initial 2–20 years, then reprices at the then-current rate and contractual discount — offering temporary certainty but a potentially large reset afterward.\nHow a fixed-selection loan works, what happens at reset, and the large-reset risk.\nThe rate is fixed for an initial window (e.g. 2, 3, 5, 10, or 20 years), then reprices.\nA 10-year fixed-selection loan is not a 35-year fully fixed loan.\nAt reset, the then-current rate and any contractual discount apply — potentially much higher.\nIt suits borrowers wanting certainty for a defined period, not the whole term.\nHow a fixed-period loan works\nA fixed-period or fixed-selection mortgage fixes the rate for an initial window — commonly 2, 3, 5, 10, or 20 years — and then reprices. It gives temporary certainty at a rate usually between a pure variable and a full-term fixed loan. The crucial point is that a 10-year fixed-selection loan is not a 35-year fully fixed Flat 35 loan: after the fixed period ends, the rate resets to the then-current rate minus whatever discount your contract still provides, which can be much higher than your initial rate.\nThe reset risk\nThe danger is a large reset. Borrowers sometimes treat the low initial fixed rate as the loan’s permanent character and are surprised when the reset arrives — especially if rates have risen in the meantime, as they did in Japan in 2026. Before choosing this structure, model the payment at plausible reset rates, confirm the discount margin that will apply after the fixed period, and make sure the household could absorb the reset. It suits a borrower with a defined certainty horizon (for example, planning to sell or refinance within the fixed window) more than a long-term hold.\nKey points to carry away: The rate is fixed for an initial window (e.g. 2, 3, 5, 10, or 20 years), then reprices; A 10-year fixed-selection loan is not a 35-year fully fixed loan; At reset, the then-current rate and any contractual discount apply — potentially much higher; It suits borrowers wanting certainty for a defined period, not the whole term. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/fixed-period-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fixed-period","faq:loan-after-fixed-period"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:mixed-rate-mortgages","guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"resona-mortgage","publisher":"Resona Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mixed-rate-mortgages:en","entityId":"guide:mixed-rate-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mixed-rate mortgages","plainText":"A mixed-rate mortgage splits the borrowing between variable and fixed portions, reducing concentration in one rate type but adding complexity and not guaranteeing the lowest total cost.\nSplitting borrowing between variable and fixed portions — what it reduces and what it does not.\nThe loan is split into a variable portion and a fixed portion.\nIt reduces concentration in either rate type but adds management complexity.\nMixing does not guarantee the lowest total cost — it is a middle path.\nYou must manage two sets of assumptions and two reset behaviors.\nHow mixing works and what it does\nA mixed-rate mortgage splits your borrowing between a variable-rate portion and a fixed-rate portion — for example half and half. If rates rise, only the variable half is affected; if rates stay low, you still benefit on that half. This reduces concentration in either rate type, which some borrowers find psychologically and financially steadying. But mixing does not guarantee the lowest total cost: it is a deliberate middle path, and a pure variable loan would be cheaper if rates stay low while a pure fixed loan would be cheaper if rates rise sharply.\nThe complexity cost\nThe trade-off is management complexity. You hold two sets of assumptions — the variable portion’s reset behavior and the fixed portion’s term — and prepayment, refinancing, and stress-testing must consider both. For most borrowers a clear choice between fixed and variable, matched to their reserves and risk tolerance, is simpler and easier to monitor. Consider mixing only if you specifically want to hedge and are comfortable tracking two structures over decades.\nKey points to carry away: The loan is split into a variable portion and a fixed portion; It reduces concentration in either rate type but adds management complexity; Mixing does not guarantee the lowest total cost — it is a middle path; You must manage two sets of assumptions and two reset behaviors. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mixed-rate-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-mixed","faq:loan-mixing-reduce-risk"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:fixed-period-mortgages","guide:variable-rate-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35:en","entityId":"guide:flat-35","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Flat 35: the complete guide","plainText":"Flat 35 is a fully fixed-rate mortgage provided through partner lenders under the Japan Housing Finance Agency; it is rules-based, does not always require permanent residence, and needs the property to meet technical standards.\nWhat Flat 35 is, eligibility, rates, property standards, discounts, and who it suits.\nFully fixed for the term; the standard August 2026 market rate was around 3.29% for 21–35 years.\nRules-based and does not always require PR, making it a common non-PR route.\nThe property must meet applicable technical standards and certification.\nBase pricing clusters across providers, but lender fees and products differ.\nWhat Flat 35 is\nFlat 35 is a fully fixed-rate mortgage offered through participating financial institutions under the Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF) purchase or guarantee structures — it is not a direct government loan, but it is more rules-based than an ordinary bank mortgage. Because eligibility is published and standardized, and because it does not always require permanent residence, it is a common route for non-PR foreign buyers who meet the nationality/residence and property conditions. In August 2026, the standard market execution rate had risen to about 3.29% for 21–35 years before qualifying point reductions, with a published July range spanning roughly 3.14%–5.40% depending on LTV and term.\nProperty standards and discounts\nA distinctive feature is that the property must meet applicable technical standards and pass certification — Flat 35 will finance a used home if eligibility and technical requirements are met, but it will not finance an ordinary rental-investment property. Shorter Flat 20 and eligible longer Flat 50 structures exist, so \"Flat 35\" is not always 35 years. Discount frameworks — Flat 35S for housing performance and Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus for qualifying households — reduce the rate, but many point reductions apply for specified initial years rather than the full term, so read exactly how long each discount lasts.\nBest fit and how to compare\nFlat 35 suits a borrower who wants full-term payment certainty and has a qualifying property, and non-PR buyers who can meet its rules. Its higher base rate than promotional variable loans is the cost of that certainty. Because base pricing clusters across providers, compare the parts that differ: the origination fee model, guarantee/appraisal costs, insurance additions (the official July schedule showed pair life insurance at +0.18 point and three-major-disease insurance at +0.24 point), discount points, and processing. Super Flat variants may reward a large down payment with a lower rate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/flat-35","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-flat35","faq:loan-flat35-government","faq:loan-flat35-always-35","faq:loan-flat35-used-home","faq:loan-flat35-investment"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35s","guide:flat-35-child-rearing-plus","guide:flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage","guide:flat-35-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jhf-flat35-rates","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 product and rate information","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35-tech","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 technical property standards","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/tech/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aruhi-flat35","publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","title":"ARUHI Flat 35 rates and products","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35s:en","entityId":"guide:flat-35s","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Flat 35S and housing-performance discounts","plainText":"Flat 35S is a rate-reduction framework for homes meeting higher standards in energy efficiency, seismic performance, durability, or accessibility — but the reduction applies for specified initial years, not the whole term.\nHow Flat 35S reduces the rate for qualifying housing performance, and how long the discount lasts.\nFlat 35S reduces the Flat 35 rate for homes meeting qualifying performance standards.\nThe reduction applies for a set number of initial years, then the standard rate resumes.\nPerformance categories include energy efficiency, seismic, durability, and accessibility.\nConfirm the qualifying category, the reduction size, and the discount duration.\nHow Flat 35S works\nFlat 35S is a rate-reduction framework layered on top of Flat 35 for homes that meet higher standards in categories such as energy efficiency, seismic performance, durability and variability, or accessibility. A qualifying home earns a reduction to the Flat 35 rate for a specified number of initial years — the exact reduction and the number of discounted years depend on the plan tier and the property’s certified performance. After the discounted period ends, the standard Flat 35 rate resumes for the remaining term.\nWhat to check before relying on it\nBecause the reduction is temporary, model your payment both during and after the discounted years — a home that looks affordable on the reduced rate must still be affordable at the full rate. Confirm which performance category the property qualifies under, obtain the certification, verify the reduction size and the number of discounted years with the provider, and remember that these frameworks are updated periodically, so check the current terms rather than an older figure. Flat 35S can meaningfully lower early costs for an efficient or seismically strong home, but it is not a permanent rate cut.\nKey points to carry away: Flat 35S reduces the Flat 35 rate for homes meeting qualifying performance standards; The reduction applies for a set number of initial years, then the standard rate resumes; Performance categories include energy efficiency, seismic, durability, and accessibility; Confirm the qualifying category, the reduction size, and the discount duration. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/flat-35s","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-flat35s","faq:loan-flat35-discounts-permanent"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:flat-35-child-rearing-plus","guide:earthquake-standards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35s","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35S housing-performance rate reduction","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35s/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35-child-rearing-plus:en","entityId":"guide:flat-35-child-rearing-plus","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus","plainText":"Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus is a point-based reduction that lowers the rate for qualifying households — such as those raising children — with the discount applying for specified initial years and stacking with other Flat 35 point reductions.\nA point-based rate reduction connected to qualifying household and housing conditions.\nA point-based reduction for qualifying households, including child-rearing families.\nPoints can stack with Flat 35S and other qualifying reductions.\nThe reduction applies for specified initial years, not the whole term.\nConfirm eligibility, the point count, and the discount duration with the provider.\nHow the point system works\nFlat 35 Child-Rearing Plus reduces the rate through a point system tied to qualifying household and housing conditions, with families raising children a central qualifying group. Each qualifying condition earns points, and the points translate into an initial-years rate reduction that can stack with other Flat 35 reductions such as Flat 35S for housing performance. The more qualifying conditions the household and home meet, the larger the combined early-year reduction.\nWhat to confirm\nAs with all Flat 35 point reductions, the discount applies for specified initial years and then the standard rate resumes, so model the payment after the discount ends. Confirm your household’s eligibility, the exact point count, how the points combine with other reductions, and the number of discounted years, and check the current program terms because these frameworks are periodically revised. Treat the reduction as a welcome early-year saving, not a permanent lower rate.\nKey points to carry away: A point-based reduction for qualifying households, including child-rearing families; Points can stack with Flat 35S and other qualifying reductions; The reduction applies for specified initial years, not the whole term; Confirm eligibility, the point count, and the discount duration with the provider. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/flat-35-child-rearing-plus","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-flat35-child","faq:loan-flat35-discounts-permanent"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:flat-35s"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35-child","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35_reform/child.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pair-loans:en","entityId":"guide:pair-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Pair loans for couples","plainText":"A pair loan is two separate mortgages, one for each partner, potentially letting both claim mortgage tax relief — but it means two contracts, two fees, two debts, and serious complications on divorce, death, leave, or income loss.\nTwo earners each borrowing, the tax and ownership upside, and the divorce/death risks.\nTwo separate loans and registrations mean two sets of fees.\nBoth partners may claim mortgage tax relief according to their ownership and debt.\nOn divorce, debt and title remain until lawfully transferred or refinanced — a spouse agreement alone does not release the bank.\nIf one borrower dies, insurance generally clears only that person’s loan unless a joint-life product applies.\nHow a pair loan works\nA pair loan (ペアローン) is two separate mortgages — one for each partner — usually on the same property, with each partner owning a share matching their loan. Because there are two contracts and two mortgage registrations, there are often two sets of fees. The main attraction is that each partner can potentially claim the mortgage tax deduction on their own qualifying loan balance, ownership, and tax position, and the combined borrowing capacity can be higher than a single earner’s. It fits two durable careers with aligned, long-term intentions for the home.\nDivorce, death, and income-loss risk\nThe risks are real. On divorce, the debt and title remain until they are lawfully transferred or the loan is refinanced — an agreement between spouses alone does not release the bank’s claim, so one partner can stay liable for a loan on a home they no longer want. If one pair-loan borrower dies, group credit life insurance generally clears only the insured person’s loan, not automatically both, unless a joint-life product applies — the survivor keeps their own loan. Parental leave or a drop in one income also strains a structure built on two full incomes. Weigh these against the tax and capacity benefits before committing.\nKey points to carry away: Two separate loans and registrations mean two sets of fees; Both partners may claim mortgage tax relief according to their ownership and debt; On divorce, debt and title remain until lawfully transferred or refinanced — a spouse agreement alone does not release the bank; If one borrower dies, insurance generally clears only that person’s loan unless a joint-life product applies. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/pair-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-pair-loan","faq:loan-pair-two-fees","faq:loan-pair-both-tax-relief","faq:loan-pair-divorce","faq:loan-pair-death"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:income-combination-mortgages","guide:pair-loan-vs-income-combination","guide:mortgage-life-insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:income-combination-mortgages:en","entityId":"guide:income-combination-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Income-combination and joint-debtor mortgages","plainText":"Income combination counts a second person’s income under one main loan to raise qualifying income; that person may be a guarantor or joint debtor, potentially liable without equivalent ownership or insurance protection.\nIncreasing qualifying income under one loan, and the liability/insurance caveats.\nOne main loan counts a second person’s income to raise qualifying income.\nThe income contributor may be a guarantor or a joint debtor depending on the structure.\nA joint debtor can be responsible for the full obligation.\nThe contributor may have liability without matching ownership or life-insurance cover.\nHow income combination works\nIncome combination (収入合算) increases the qualifying income under a single main loan by counting a second person’s income — usually a spouse. Unlike a pair loan’s two separate mortgages, this is one loan structure. Depending on the arrangement, the income contributor is either a guarantor (連帯保証人) or a joint debtor (連帯債務者). Some Flat 35 structures use a joint-debtor arrangement in which each debtor may be responsible for the full obligation, not just a share.\nThe liability and insurance caveat\nThe key caveat is that the combined-income person may take on liability without an equivalent ownership share or life-insurance protection. A guarantor or joint debtor can be pursued for the debt, yet may not hold title in proportion, and group credit life insurance may cover only the main borrower — so if the main borrower dies, the contributor could still be liable while receiving no insurance payout. Review who owns what, who is insured, and what happens on death, divorce, or income loss before choosing income combination over a simpler single-borrower loan.\nKey points to carry away: One main loan counts a second person’s income to raise qualifying income; The income contributor may be a guarantor or a joint debtor depending on the structure; A joint debtor can be responsible for the full obligation; The contributor may have liability without matching ownership or life-insurance cover. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/income-combination-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-combined-income","faq:loan-contributor-liable"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pair-loans","guide:pair-loan-vs-income-combination","guide:parent-child-relay-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:parent-child-relay-mortgages:en","entityId":"guide:parent-child-relay-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Parent-child relay mortgages","plainText":"A parent-child relay loan bases the repayment term partly on a younger successor borrower, extending the term — but it carries estate, occupancy, ownership, insurance, and family-fairness risks that need professional planning.\nAn intergenerational repayment plan, and the estate, ownership, and family-dispute risks.\nThe repayment term is based partly on a younger successor borrower, allowing a longer term.\nIt can support an intergenerational home and repayment plan.\nEstate, occupancy, ownership, insurance, and sibling-fairness issues need planning.\nGet professional advice on title, debt, and insurance before committing.\nHow a relay loan works\nA parent-child relay mortgage bases the repayment term partly on a younger successor borrower — typically a child — so the loan can run longer than the parent’s age alone would allow. The parent repays initially and the child continues, which can make an intergenerational home purchase or rebuild feasible. It is one way to align a long-lived asset with a two-generation repayment plan.\nEstate and family risks\nThe structure entwines two generations’ finances and estates, so it needs careful planning. Consider who will own the property and in what shares, who occupies it, how the debt and title pass on the parent’s death, whether group credit life insurance covers the right person at the right time, and — often overlooked — fairness among siblings who are not on the loan. A relay loan can be a sound part of inheritance planning, but title, debt, insurance, and sibling fairness require professional advice from a tax accountant and, where appropriate, a lawyer or judicial scrivener.\nKey points to carry away: The repayment term is based partly on a younger successor borrower, allowing a longer term; It can support an intergenerational home and repayment plan; Estate, occupancy, ownership, insurance, and sibling-fairness issues need planning; Get professional advice on title, debt, and insurance before committing. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/parent-child-relay-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-parent-child-relay","faq:loan-relay-inheritance"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:income-combination-mortgages","guide:property-inheritance-gifts","guide:reverse-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"moj-inheritance-registration","publisher":"Ministry of Justice","title":"Mandatory inheritance land registration","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-refinancing:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-refinancing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage refinancing in Japan","plainText":"Refinancing replaces your mortgage with a new one, usually from another lender; it pays only when the discounted present-value interest saving exceeds the new origination fee, registration, judicial-scrivener, appraisal, and insurance costs.\nWhen refinancing pays, the full cost stack, health screening, and term-extension traps.\nCompare remaining interest savings against all new costs, not just the rate drop.\nNew costs include origination fee, mortgage cancellation and registration, judicial-scrivener, and appraisal.\nRefinancing usually requires fresh group credit life insurance and health screening.\nExtending the term can hide a higher total cost even at a lower rate.\nWhen refinancing pays\nRefinancing (借り換え) replaces an existing mortgage with a new one, often from another lender. It makes sense only when the present-value interest savings and any risk improvement exceed all the new costs. Compare the remaining interest you would save against the new origination fee, the mortgage cancellation and new registration, judicial-scrivener costs, appraisal, insurance differences, and any early-redemption charge on the old loan. A rate drop that looks large can be erased by fees, especially on a loan with only a few years left or a small remaining balance.\nHealth screening and term extension\nRefinancing usually requires new group credit life insurance, so it involves a fresh health screening — poor health can restrict standard insurance, though wider-acceptance products may exist. Obtaining permanent residence can broaden the lenders available to you, but approval is never guaranteed. Beware term extension: stretching the loan back out lowers the monthly payment and can make a refinance look attractive while actually raising total interest. Compare like-for-like remaining terms, and treat a lower monthly payment achieved by re-lengthening the loan as a cost, not a saving.\nKey points to carry away: Compare remaining interest savings against all new costs, not just the rate drop; New costs include origination fee, mortgage cancellation and registration, judicial-scrivener, and appraisal; Refinancing usually requires fresh group credit life insurance and health screening; Extending the term can hide a higher total cost even at a lower rate. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-refinancing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-refinancing","faq:loan-refinancing-makes-sense","faq:loan-refinancing-health","faq:loan-extend-term-refinancing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","guide:mortgage-refinancing-tool","guide:refinancing-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:renovation-loans:en","entityId":"guide:renovation-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Renovation loans","plainText":"A renovation loan finances repair, remodeling, or energy improvements; a mortgage-secured or purchase-plus-renovation loan is cheaper than an unsecured one, but no renovation is guaranteed to raise resale value.\nFinancing repairs and improvements, secured vs unsecured, and the over-improvement trap.\nSome purchase-plus-renovation products include the work in the mortgage.\nUnsecured renovation finance is usually more expensive than mortgage-secured finance.\nRenovation does not always increase value — personalized or overcapitalized work may not be recovered.\nGet scope-aligned bids with drawings, exclusions, warranty, and a payment schedule.\nSecured, unsecured, and combined\nA renovation loan finances repair, remodeling, or energy-efficiency improvements. Some purchase-plus-renovation products let you include the work in the mortgage itself, which is usually the cheapest financing because it is secured by the property and runs over a long term. A standalone unsecured renovation loan is faster to arrange but usually more expensive, with a higher rate and shorter term, so reserve it for smaller or urgent work rather than a major project.\nThe over-improvement trap\nRenovation does not always increase value. Essential repairs and value-preserving improvements protect the home, but highly personalized finishes or work that costs more than the local market will pay (\"overcapitalization\") may not be recovered on resale. Before committing, obtain scope-aligned bids with drawings, clear exclusions, a warranty, license verification, and a payment schedule tied to milestones — do not accept a renovation quote without those. Compare the cost of the work against a realistic estimate of the value it adds, especially if you may sell within a few years.\nKey points to carry away: Some purchase-plus-renovation products include the work in the mortgage; Unsecured renovation finance is usually more expensive than mortgage-secured finance; Renovation does not always increase value — personalized or overcapitalized work may not be recovered; Get scope-aligned bids with drawings, exclusions, warranty, and a payment schedule. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/renovation-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-renovation-loan","faq:loan-renovation-in-mortgage","faq:loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive","faq:loan-renovation-increase-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:renovation-costs-financing","guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:renovation-services"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"resona-mortgage","publisher":"Resona Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:second-home-loans:en","entityId":"guide:second-home-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Second-home loans","plainText":"A second-home loan finances a genuine second residence at a higher rate and down payment than a primary-home loan — and it must not be used as a disguised rental investment.\nFinancing a genuine second residence, and why it must not be a disguised rental.\nFor a genuine second residence, not a rental or investment property.\nTypically a higher rate and larger down payment than a primary-home loan.\nUsing it as a disguised rental can breach the loan and insurance terms.\nConfirm the lender’s definition of a qualifying second home before applying.\nWhat a second-home loan is\nA second-home loan finances a genuine second residence — a vacation home or a weekday base near work, for example — that you actually use, not rent out. Because the property is not your primary residence and the lender sees more risk, expect a higher rate and a larger down payment than an owner-occupier mortgage, and confirm the lender’s specific definition of a qualifying second home, which can be narrower than you assume.\nIt must be a genuine second home\nThe critical rule is that a second-home loan is not a rental-investment loan. If you take a consumer-priced second-home loan and then rent the property out, you may breach the loan agreement, the fire-insurance terms, and possibly building or zoning rules, exposing you to acceleration and other consequences. If the real plan is to earn rent, use an investment-property loan and underwrite the deal as a business. Never represent an investment as a second home to obtain cheaper financing.\nKey points to carry away: For a genuine second residence, not a rental or investment property; Typically a higher rate and larger down payment than a primary-home loan; Using it as a disguised rental can breach the loan and insurance terms; Confirm the lender’s definition of a qualifying second home before applying. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/second-home-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-flat35-second-home","faq:loan-residential-for-investment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:investment-property-loans","guide:home-vs-investment-property","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-property-loans:en","entityId":"guide:investment-property-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investment-property loans","plainText":"An investment-property loan finances an income-producing condominium or house at a higher rate under business underwriting, and it is commonly recourse — model vacancy, rate resets, and exit, and never use an owner-occupier loan instead.\nBusiness underwriting for income-producing property, and why occupancy must be honest.\nBusiness underwriting at a higher rate than an owner-occupier loan.\nJapanese loans are commonly recourse unless the documents say otherwise.\nModel vacancy, negative cash flow, rate resets, weak resale, and exit.\nNever finance a rental with an owner-occupier loan — misstating occupancy is fraud-adjacent.\nBusiness underwriting\nAn investment-property loan finances an income-producing condominium or house and is underwritten as a business, at a higher rate than a consumer owner-occupier mortgage. Investment-loan rates are frequently quotation-based and property-based rather than publicly advertised. Crucially, Japanese loans are commonly recourse unless the documents expressly say otherwise, so a shortfall after a sale can follow you personally. Underwrite the deal on net operating income, DSCR, vacancy, and a realistic exit — not gross yield — before you rely on it.\nOccupancy must be honest\nThe most important warning is that you cannot casually convert an owner-occupier mortgage into an investment loan. Moving out, long-term renting, Airbnb use, or running a business from the property may breach loan, insurance, building, zoning, or condominium rules, and misstating occupancy can trigger decline, acceleration, fraud concerns, and insurance or tax consequences. If the plan is to earn rent, use an investment-property loan from the outset and keep occupancy statements accurate.\nKey points to carry away: Business underwriting at a higher rate than an owner-occupier loan; Japanese loans are commonly recourse unless the documents say otherwise; Model vacancy, negative cash flow, rate resets, weak resale, and exit; Never finance a rental with an owner-occupier loan — misstating occupancy is fraud-adjacent. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/investment-property-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-residential-for-investment","faq:loan-misstate-occupancy","faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:apartment-building-loans","guide:home-vs-investment-property","guide:property-investment-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"suruga-mortgage","publisher":"Suruga Bank","title":"Foreign-national home loan","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:apartment-building-loans:en","entityId":"guide:apartment-building-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Apartment-building loans","plainText":"An apartment-building loan finances a whole rental building as a business, concentrating your exposure in one asset with structural, tenant, and regulatory risks that dwarf a single-unit purchase.\nWhole-building rental finance and its concentration, structural, tenant, and regulatory risks.\nFinances a whole rental building as a concentrated business investment.\nStructural repairs (roof, façade, elevators, pipes) are large and periodic.\nTenant, vacancy, and regulatory risks scale with the number of units.\nUnderwrite on building-wide NOI, capex, and exit — not per-unit gross yield.\nA whole-building rental business\nAn apartment-building loan finances a whole rental building — the land and structure — as a business. Compared with a single condominium unit, it concentrates your entire exposure in one asset and one location, so a demographic shift, a local employer leaving, or an oversupply of rentals hits every unit at once. The upside is control over the whole building and its management; the downside is that there is no diversification within the investment.\nStructural, tenant, and regulatory risk\nA whole building brings whole-building costs: roof, façade, elevators, pipes, and waterproofing must be renewed on a schedule, and those capital works can be very large. Tenant turnover, vacancy, and non-payment scale with the number of units, and the building must comply with fire-safety, access, and other regulations across all units. Underwrite the deal on building-wide net operating income, a realistic capital-expenditure reserve, and a credible exit — who will buy the building, at what cap rate, after how many years — rather than a headline per-unit gross yield. This is a business, not a passive purchase.\nKey points to carry away: Finances a whole rental building as a concentrated business investment; Structural repairs (roof, façade, elevators, pipes) are large and periodic; Tenant, vacancy, and regulatory risks scale with the number of units; Underwrite on building-wide NOI, capex, and exit — not per-unit gross yield. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/apartment-building-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-apartment-loan","faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse","faq:loan-gross-yield"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:investment-property-loans","guide:property-investment-japan","guide:property-investment-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"suruga-mortgage","publisher":"Suruga Bank","title":"Foreign-national home loan","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"stat-housing-survey","publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","title":"Housing and Land Survey","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bridging-loans:en","entityId":"guide:bridging-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Bridging loans for property purchases","plainText":"A bridging loan (つなぎ融資) provides short-term finance for land, staged construction, or a timing gap before a long-term mortgage disburses — useful but high-cost, and dangerous if the permanent financing is delayed.\nShort-term finance for land, staged construction, or a timing gap — and its failure risk.\nCovers land purchase and staged construction payments before the mortgage disburses.\nShort-term and higher-cost than a conventional mortgage.\nCommonly used by land-and-build or staged-construction buyers.\nDangerous if the permanent mortgage is delayed or falls through.\nHow a bridging loan works\nA bridging loan (つなぎ融資) provides short-term finance to cover payments that fall due before a long-term mortgage disburses. When you build a house, you often pay for the land and then make staged construction payments long before the completed home exists as collateral for the main mortgage; a bridge loan fills that gap. It is commonly used by land-and-build purchasers and staged-construction buyers, and it is repaid when the permanent mortgage funds.\nHigh cost and failure risk\nBridging is convenient but carries high short-term cost and real failure risk. Because it is short-term and specialized, the rate and fees are higher than a mortgage, and the whole plan assumes the permanent mortgage will fund on schedule. If the long-term financing is delayed — for example, because the finished property fails appraisal, your circumstances change, or approval slips — you can be left carrying an expensive bridge loan with no takeout. Confirm the permanent mortgage’s conditions and timing before relying on a bridge, and keep a contingency for delays.\nKey points to carry away: Covers land purchase and staged construction payments before the mortgage disburses; Short-term and higher-cost than a conventional mortgage; Commonly used by land-and-build or staged-construction buyers; Dangerous if the permanent mortgage is delayed or falls through. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/bridging-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-bridge","faq:loan-who-uses-bridge"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:buying-property-japan","guide:mortgages-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:reverse-mortgages:en","entityId":"guide:reverse-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Reverse mortgages in Japan","plainText":"A reverse mortgage lets an older homeowner borrow against home equity, with repayment commonly deferred until death or sale — but interest accumulates, property-value falls are a risk, and heirs may receive little or no equity.\nBorrowing against home equity in later life, and the interest, value, and heirs risks.\nFor older homeowners seeking cash while continuing to live in the home.\nRepayment is commonly deferred until death or sale.\nInterest accumulates over time and can erode the remaining equity.\nRecourse, valuation, and heirs’ treatment are product- and municipality-specific.\nHow a reverse mortgage works\nA reverse mortgage lets a senior homeowner borrow against the equity in their home, typically receiving a lump sum or periodic payments while continuing to live there, with repayment commonly deferred until death or sale of the property. It can provide retirement cash flow without moving out. The mechanics differ sharply by product and, in some schemes, by participating municipality or guarantee structure, so the details matter more than the general concept.\nInterest, value, and heirs\nThree risks stand out. First, interest accumulates over time, so the debt grows even without new borrowing, and can erode or exhaust the remaining equity. Second, if property values fall, the equity cushion shrinks — product treatment of whether the debt can exceed the home’s value differs, so review recourse, valuation, and the heirs’ options carefully. Third, heirs may receive little or no equity, because the accumulated debt is settled from the home. A reverse mortgage can suit a homeowner who prioritizes their own later-life cash flow, but the family should understand the inheritance consequences in advance.\nKey points to carry away: For older homeowners seeking cash while continuing to live in the home; Repayment is commonly deferred until death or sale; Interest accumulates over time and can erode the remaining equity; Recourse, valuation, and heirs’ treatment are product- and municipality-specific. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/reverse-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-reverse-mortgage","faq:loan-reverse-exceed-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-secured-loans","guide:parent-child-relay-mortgages","guide:property-inheritance-gifts"]},"sources":[{"id":"resona-mortgage","publisher":"Resona Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-secured-loans:en","entityId":"guide:property-secured-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property-secured loans","plainText":"A property-secured loan (不動産担保ローン) is a loan for broader purposes — business, inheritance, tax, or liquidity — backed by real estate; it lowers the rate but puts your home at risk for non-housing spending.\nBorrowing for broader purposes against real estate, and why that converts spending risk into home-loss risk.\nA loan for broad purposes backed by a registered mortgage on real estate.\nLower rates than unsecured credit because the home secures the debt.\nIt converts spending or business risk into the risk of losing your home.\nGenerally not advisable to secure ordinary consumer spending on your home.\nWhat a property-secured loan is\nA property-secured loan is a loan for broader purposes than buying the home itself — business capital, inheritance or tax obligations, or general liquidity — secured by a registered mortgage over real estate you own. Because the property backs the debt, the rate is lower and the term longer than unsecured card or consumer credit, which can make it attractive for a large, genuine need.\nThe risk you are accepting\nThe trade-off is stark: a property-secured loan converts spending or business risk into home-loss risk. If the purpose fails — a business does not work out, or the money funds consumption rather than a productive asset — you can lose the family home to enforcement. It is generally not advisable to secure ordinary consumer spending on your home. Reserve this structure for a genuine, well-understood need where the alternative is worse, keep the amount conservative relative to the property value, and get independent advice before pledging the home.\nKey points to carry away: A loan for broad purposes backed by a registered mortgage on real estate; Lower rates than unsecured credit because the home secures the debt; It converts spending or business risk into the risk of losing your home; Generally not advisable to secure ordinary consumer spending on your home. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-secured-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-secured-property-loan","faq:loan-secure-consumer-spending"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:reverse-mortgages","guide:secured-vs-unsecured","guide:consumer-loans"]},"sources":[{"id":"suruga-mortgage","publisher":"Suruga Bank","title":"Foreign-national home loan","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:online-vs-traditional-mortgages:en","entityId":"guide:online-vs-traditional-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Online bank vs traditional bank mortgages","plainText":"Online banks suit document-ready standard cases with lower advertised rates and a digital process; traditional branch banks may suit complex income, property, or language needs.\nRates, process, exception handling, branches, documents, and language compared.\nOnline: lower advertised rate, digital application, standardized file.\nTraditional: branch advice, more exception handling, local relationship.\nOnline rates can be dynamic — save the page on application and execution dates.\nComplex income or property often needs a human underwriter.\nThe core trade-off\nOnline banks (au Jibun Bank, Sumishin SBI Net Bank, PayPay Bank, Sony Bank, Rakuten Bank) advertise low rates and a fully digital application with a standardized document set — ideal when your income and property are conventional and your file is clean. Traditional branch banks (the megabanks, regional banks) offer in-person advice, more scope to handle exceptions, and a local relationship, which can matter for complex income, an unusual property, or when you want the whole process explained in person.\nHow to decide\nIf your employment is stable and salaried, your property is standard, and you are comfortable applying online in Japanese, an online bank’s lower rate is hard to beat — but save the rate page on your application and execution dates because online rates can change. If your income is self-employed or overseas, the property is leasehold or unusual, or you need English support or in-person guidance, a branch bank or a specialist lender may be worth a modestly higher rate.\nKey points to carry away: Online: lower advertised rate, digital application, standardized file; Traditional: branch advice, more exception handling, local relationship; Online rates can be dynamic — save the page on application and execution dates; Complex income or property often needs a human underwriter. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/online-vs-traditional-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:online-mortgage-lenders","guide:major-bank-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"sumishin-mortgage","publisher":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank","title":"WEB-course housing loan","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/contents/lineup/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage:en","entityId":"guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fixed vs variable mortgage","plainText":"Choose variable only if the household can survive a 2–3 point rise without selling; choose fixed for certainty and if you cannot absorb increases.\nInitial payment, stress scenarios, certainty, break-even, and risks compared.\nVariable has a lower initial rate but the borrower bears increases.\nFixed has a higher initial rate but the lender bears specified rate risk.\nStress-test at +1, +2, and +3 points before choosing variable.\nThe break-even depends on how far and fast rates rise.\nThe core trade-off\nA variable rate starts lower, so the initial payment is smaller, but you carry the risk of increases — and Japan left the near-zero era in 2026. A fixed rate (including Flat 35) starts higher, buying certainty because the lender bears the specified rate risk. The right choice is not about predicting rates; it is about whether your household can absorb a rise if you are wrong.\nThe decision rule\nModel the payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points. If the household survives the +2 to +3 stress without selling — with stressed housing costs still a prudent share of net income — variable can make sense and its lower cost may win. If it cannot, choose fixed and treat the higher rate as the price of sleeping at night. Certainty has real value for a single-income household, a tight budget, or anyone who could not sell quickly in a downturn.\nKey points to carry away: Variable has a lower initial rate but the borrower bears increases; Fixed has a higher initial rate but the lender bears specified rate risk; Stress-test at +1, +2, and +3 points before choosing variable; The break-even depends on how far and fast rates rise. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","faq:loan-variable-risky","faq:loan-fixed-risk-free"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:variable-rate-mortgages","guide:fixed-rate-mortgages","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage:en","entityId":"guide:flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Flat 35 vs bank mortgage","plainText":"Choose Flat 35 for full-term certainty and an eligible property; choose a bank mortgage for a lower initial cost and richer insurance if you are a strong applicant.\nRate structure, property rules, insurance, fees, and flexibility compared.\nFlat 35: fully fixed, published debt-ratio and property standards, does not always require PR.\nBank mortgage: potentially lower variable/fixed-period rate and richer insurance options.\nFlat 35 needs the property to meet technical standards; a bank loan may be more flexible.\nCompare provider fees even when Flat 35 base rates match.\nThe core trade-off\nFlat 35 offers full-term fixed certainty with published debt-service ratios and property standards, and it does not always require permanent residence — a real advantage for non-PR buyers and anyone who values a predictable payment. A bank mortgage can offer a lower initial variable or fixed-period rate and richer group-credit-life-insurance riders, but it prices and underwrites at the lender’s discretion and shifts rate risk to you if you choose variable.\nHow to decide\nChoose Flat 35 when you want certainty, your property meets the technical standards, or you lack PR and need a rules-based route. Choose a bank mortgage when you are a strong applicant who can absorb rate risk, want the lowest initial cost, or need specific insurance riders. Either way, compare the parts that actually differ — the origination-fee model, guarantee and appraisal costs, insurance additions, and discount durations — because Flat 35 base rates cluster across providers while their fees do not.\nKey points to carry away: Flat 35: fully fixed, published debt-ratio and property standards, does not always require PR; Bank mortgage: potentially lower variable/fixed-period rate and richer insurance options; Flat 35 needs the property to meet technical standards; a bank loan may be more flexible; Compare provider fees even when Flat 35 base rates match. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-flat35","faq:loan-flat35-government","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:mortgages-japan","guide:flat-35-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"aruhi-flat35","publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","title":"ARUHI Flat 35 rates and products","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pair-loan-vs-income-combination:en","entityId":"guide:pair-loan-vs-income-combination","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Pair loan vs income combination","plainText":"A pair loan fits two durable careers with aligned ownership and lets both claim tax relief; income combination is simpler with one loan but needs a liability and insurance review.\nContracts, fees, ownership, tax deduction, insurance, and separation/death risks compared.\nPair loan: two separate loans, ownership, and possible deductions — two sets of fees.\nIncome combination: usually one main loan with combined income.\nPair loan fits two durable careers; income combination is simpler.\nBoth need review of liability, insurance, and separation/death outcomes.\nThe core trade-off\nA pair loan is two separate mortgages — one per partner — with separate ownership and the potential for each to claim the mortgage tax deduction, but two contracts mean two sets of fees. Income combination is usually one main loan that counts a second person’s income to raise qualifying income; it is simpler and cheaper to set up, but the income contributor may be a guarantor or joint debtor with liability that does not match their ownership or insurance protection.\nHow to decide\nA pair loan fits two durable careers with aligned, long-term intentions for the home and a wish for each partner to claim tax relief. Income combination fits a household that wants one contract and lower setup costs and accepts that the contributor takes on liability. For either, review carefully what happens on divorce (debt and title remain until a transfer or refinance), on death (insurance usually clears only the insured person’s loan), and on parental leave or an income drop. Match the structure to how durable both incomes really are.\nKey points to carry away: Pair loan: two separate loans, ownership, and possible deductions — two sets of fees; Income combination: usually one main loan with combined income; Pair loan fits two durable careers; income combination is simpler; Both need review of liability, insurance, and separation/death outcomes. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/pair-loan-vs-income-combination","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-pair-loan","faq:loan-pair-divorce","faq:loan-what-combined-income","faq:loan-contributor-liable"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pair-loans","guide:income-combination-mortgages","guide:mortgage-life-insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:new-vs-used-property:en","entityId":"guide:new-vs-used-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"New vs used property in Japan","plainText":"Used wins when the inspection and building management are strong and the price reflects age; new wins when you accept the developer premium and future reserve risk for modern standards and warranties.\nPrice, warranties, condition, repairs, reserves, and resale compared.\nNew: modern standards, warranties, low immediate repairs — but a developer premium and small initial reserve.\nUsed: lower price and observable history — but major repairs and reserve/arrears risk.\nA used home’s known building and accounts can be an advantage if you inspect well.\nCheck the earthquake standard, reserve funding, and management on either.\nThe core trade-off\nA new condominium offers modern standards, warranties, and low immediate repairs, but carries a developer premium, a small initial repair fund, likely future reserve increases, and less established management history. A used condominium offers a known building and neighborhood, a lower price, and historical accounts you can inspect — at the cost of nearer-term major repairs, possible reserve shortfalls, arrears, and aging equipment and pipes.\nHow to decide\nUsed wins when a good inspection shows sound condition, the management is competent, the reserve is well-funded, and the price reflects the building’s age. New wins when you value modern standards and warranties and are willing to pay the premium and accept that reserves will rise. On either, evaluate the earthquake standard, maintenance history, reserve funding, legal compliance, defects, hazard exposure, and resale liquidity — old does not automatically mean bad, and new does not automatically mean safe.\nKey points to carry away: New: modern standards, warranties, low immediate repairs — but a developer premium and small initial reserve; Used: lower price and observable history — but major repairs and reserve/arrears risk; A used home’s known building and accounts can be an advantage if you inspect well; Check the earthquake standard, reserve funding, and management on either. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/new-vs-used-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-inspection-guarantee"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:earthquake-standards","guide:condo-repair-reserve"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-inspection","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Existing-home condition inspection framework","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-repair-plan","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Condominium long-term repair plan guidance","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:house-vs-condominium:en","entityId":"guide:house-vs-condominium","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"House vs condominium in Japan","plainText":"Choose a house for land ownership, control, and self-managed capital works; choose a condominium for convenience and central location if the association’s finances are strong.\nLand, control, maintenance, monthly fees, location, and resale compared.\nHouse: land ownership, control, privacy, and redevelopment flexibility.\nCondominium: shared maintenance, security, and central locations.\nA house owner self-funds roof, exterior, structure, and drainage repairs.\nA condo owner pays management and repair-reserve fees and lives under association rules.\nThe core trade-off\nA detached house gives you land ownership, control, privacy, and the flexibility to rebuild — but you bear the full cost of the roof, exterior, structure, drainage, termite treatment, and boundary issues directly. A condominium gives shared maintenance, security, and often a more central location — but you pay a monthly management fee and repair reserve, live under the association’s decisions and use restrictions, and face collective repair risk you do not fully control.\nHow to decide\nChoose a house if you value control and are prepared to self-manage and self-fund capital works over the decades — the freedom comes with responsibility and lumpy costs. Choose a condominium for convenience and location, but only after checking the association’s finances: the reserve balance, funding method, arrears, long-term repair plan, and management quality. A cheap monthly fee that hides an underfunded reserve is a future special assessment, not a saving.\nKey points to carry away: House: land ownership, control, privacy, and redevelopment flexibility; Condominium: shared maintenance, security, and central locations; A house owner self-funds roof, exterior, structure, and drainage repairs; A condo owner pays management and repair-reserve fees and lives under association rules. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/house-vs-condominium","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-fees","faq:loan-condo-check"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:house-maintenance-costs","guide:condo-repair-reserve"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-repair-plan","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Condominium long-term repair plan guidance","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:freehold-vs-leasehold:en","entityId":"guide:freehold-vs-leasehold","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Freehold vs leasehold property","plainText":"Freehold (所有権) gives perpetual ownership at a higher price; leasehold (借地権) lowers the entry price but adds ground rent, consent requirements, and finance and resale constraints.\nOwnership period, ground rent, consent, renewal, finance, and resale compared.\nFreehold: perpetual ownership subject to law and tax, at a higher acquisition price.\nLeasehold: lower entry price but ground rent and consent for renewal, rebuild, or transfer.\nLeasehold can constrain financing and resale, and a declining fixed-term impairs value.\nOld-law and fixed-term leaseholds behave very differently — get specialist review.\nThe core trade-off\nFreehold (所有権) is perpetual ownership subject to law and tax, at a higher acquisition price — the conventional, financeable, easily resold form. Leasehold (借地権) is a right to use land owned by someone else: it can lower the entry price, sometimes substantially, but you pay ground rent and typically need the landowner’s consent to renew, rebuild, or transfer, which constrains financing and resale. Old-law leaseholds may carry strong tenant protections but complex valuation, while fixed-term leaseholds end after a defined term and lose value as the remaining term shortens.\nHow to decide\nFreehold is the default for most buyers who want easy financing and resale. Leasehold can make sense for a lower entry price in a desirable location, but only after specialist review of the ground rent, consent terms, remaining term, and whether a lender will finance it and a future buyer will want it. Never buy a leasehold property without that review — the risks are in the fine print of the land-lease terms, not the listing price.\nKey points to carry away: Freehold: perpetual ownership subject to law and tax, at a higher acquisition price; Leasehold: lower entry price but ground rent and consent for renewal, rebuild, or transfer; Leasehold can constrain financing and resale, and a declining fixed-term impairs value; Old-law and fixed-term leaseholds behave very differently — get specialist review. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/freehold-vs-leasehold","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-freehold","faq:loan-what-leasehold","faq:loan-leasehold-bad","faq:loan-fixed-term-leasehold"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-land-rights","guide:leasehold-property","guide:non-rebuildable-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:tokyo-vs-regional-property:en","entityId":"guide:tokyo-vs-regional-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Tokyo vs regional-city property","plainText":"Tokyo has deep employment and rental markets but a high entry price and thinner yield; regional cities offer higher yield and lower entry but thinner resale and demographic risk — underwrite local demand, not the city label.\nEntry price, liquidity, employment, rent, demographics, and yield compared.\nTokyo: deep employment and rental markets, high entry price, lower gross yield.\nRegional cities: higher yield and lower entry, thinner resale and demographic risk.\nA high regional gross yield often trades for vacancy and exit risk.\nUnderwrite local demand at the target rent, not the city name.\nThe core trade-off\nTokyo (and to a degree Osaka) offers deep employment and rental markets and generally more liquid resale, but a high entry price and a lower gross yield. Regional cities offer a lower entry price and a higher gross yield, but thinner resale depth and demographic risk as populations age and shrink in many areas. Japan’s 2026 land-price survey showed five years of average increases with widening gains in Tokyo and Osaka and more mixed growth elsewhere — a national average, not a promise that every home appreciates.\nHow to decide\nDo not decide on the city label. Underwrite the specific local demand: who the tenant or future buyer is, how deep demand is at the target rent, and whether a lender will finance a resale. A high regional gross yield often exists precisely because vacancy and exit risk are higher, and a low Tokyo yield may still beat it after vacancy and liquidity are counted. Match the location to your strategy — cash flow versus liquidity — and verify demand with transaction comparables from MLIT’s library.\nKey points to carry away: Tokyo: deep employment and rental markets, high entry price, lower gross yield; Regional cities: higher yield and lower entry, thinner resale and demographic risk; A high regional gross yield often trades for vacancy and exit risk; Underwrite local demand at the target rent, not the city name. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/tokyo-vs-regional-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-tokyo-liquid","faq:loan-regional-yields","faq:loan-good-investment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:property-resale-value","guide:property-investment-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-land-survey","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Official land-price survey","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_fr4_000043.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:home-vs-investment-property:en","entityId":"guide:home-vs-investment-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Owner-occupied vs investment property","plainText":"An owner-occupied purchase uses a consumer rate and tax framework and must be a genuine residence; an investment property uses higher-rate business underwriting — never represent an investment as owner-occupied.\nFinance, rates, tax, occupancy, cash flow, and prohibited uses compared.\nOwner-occupied: consumer rate, mortgage tax deduction, must be a genuine residence.\nInvestment: higher rate, business underwriting, rental-income tax framework.\nNever represent an investment as owner-occupied to get a cheaper rate.\nMisstating occupancy risks decline, acceleration, and fraud and insurance consequences.\nTwo different products\nThese are not two ways to buy the same thing — they are different products with different rules. An owner-occupied mortgage carries a consumer rate and access to the mortgage tax deduction, but it must be a genuine residence you actually live in. An investment-property loan carries a higher rate and business underwriting, and the rental income is taxed under the real-estate-income framework. The cheaper owner-occupier terms exist precisely because the property is your home.\nThe non-negotiable rule\nThe decision rule is simple and strict: never represent an investment as owner-occupied. If you buy with an owner-occupier loan and then move out, rent it long-term, run Airbnb, or operate a business from it without lender authorization, you may breach the loan, insurance, building, zoning, or condominium rules, and misstating occupancy can trigger decline, acceleration, fraud concerns, and insurance or tax consequences. If the plan is to earn rent, use an investment loan and underwrite the deal as a business from the start.\nKey points to carry away: Owner-occupied: consumer rate, mortgage tax deduction, must be a genuine residence; Investment: higher rate, business underwriting, rental-income tax framework; Never represent an investment as owner-occupied to get a cheaper rate; Misstating occupancy risks decline, acceleration, and fraud and insurance consequences. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/home-vs-investment-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-residential-for-investment","faq:loan-misstate-occupancy"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:investment-property-loans","guide:property-investment-japan","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-mortgage-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Housing-loan tax deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage:en","entityId":"guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Permanent resident vs non-PR mortgage access","plainText":"PR broadly opens mainstream lenders on ordinary terms; without PR, expect a narrower set of specialist, employer, or relationship routes, larger down payments, and stronger documentation — but it is not impossible.\nLender access, down payment, language, spouse, employer, and documents compared.\nPR: broad mainstream lender access on ordinary terms.\nNon-PR: specialist, employer, or relationship routes, often narrower and pricier.\nNon-PR may need a larger down payment and stronger income/employer/language evidence.\nPRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, and Suruga Bank publish non-PR support paths.\nThe core difference\nPermanent residents are often treated much like Japanese applicants for nationality eligibility, so PR broadly opens mainstream banks on ordinary terms — though language and documentation requirements remain. Without PR, the lender set narrows to specialist, employer-partner, or relationship routes, pricing and conditions are more selective, and you may need a larger down payment and stronger income, employer, Japanese-language, and long-term-residence evidence. A non-permanent resident with a Japanese spouse or guarantor may be considered by more banks than one without.\nHow to decide\nDo not assume non-PR means impossible. A practical non-PR sequence is an employer or developer partner bank, then PRESTIA (English support, up to ¥500 million, no guarantee fee), Tokyo Star Bank (a Star Mortgage for foreign nationals without PR), Suruga Bank (a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents), a regional or relationship bank, a Flat 35 provider if eligible, and then specialist finance. Weigh the non-PR premium against the cost and uncertainty of waiting for PR — sometimes waiting for PR and refinancing later is the cheaper path, and sometimes it is not.\nKey points to carry away: PR: broad mainstream lender access on ordinary terms; Non-PR: specialist, employer, or relationship routes, often narrower and pricier; Non-PR may need a larger down payment and stronger income/employer/language evidence; PRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, and Suruga Bank publish non-PR support paths. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-pr-mandatory","faq:loan-pr-still-helpful","faq:loan-japanese-spouse"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:foreigner-mortgage-checker"]},"sources":[{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"tokyostar-mortgage","publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","title":"Star Mortgage housing loan","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"suruga-mortgage","publisher":"Suruga Bank","title":"Foreign-national home loan","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:refinance-vs-keep-mortgage:en","entityId":"guide:refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Refinance vs keep your current mortgage","plainText":"Refinance only when the discounted present-value interest saving exceeds all new costs — origination fee, registration, judicial scrivener, appraisal, and insurance — and you can pass fresh health screening.\nInterest savings, new fees, health screening, and remaining term compared.\nRefinance: a new rate, new insurance, and possibly a new term.\nKeep: avoid new fees and fresh underwriting.\nRefinancing usually needs new group credit life insurance and health screening.\nA longer new term can lower the payment but raise total interest.\nThe core trade-off\nRefinancing swaps your loan for a new one with a new rate and new group credit life insurance, potentially saving interest but incurring a fresh origination fee, mortgage cancellation and registration, judicial-scrivener costs, appraisal, and insurance differences. Keeping your current mortgage avoids all those costs and a new underwriting process, but you stay on your existing rate. The question is whether the present-value saving beats the total cost of switching.\nThe decision rule\nRefinance only when the discounted present-value savings and any risk improvement clearly exceed all the new costs. That usually means a meaningful rate drop, a substantial remaining balance, and a long enough remaining term for the savings to accumulate. Confirm you can pass the fresh health screening for new insurance, and do not let a longer new term disguise a higher total cost as a lower monthly payment. If the balance is small or the term is short, keeping the current loan is often the right answer.\nKey points to carry away: Refinance: a new rate, new insurance, and possibly a new term; Keep: avoid new fees and fresh underwriting; Refinancing usually needs new group credit life insurance and health screening; A longer new term can lower the payment but raise total interest. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-refinancing-makes-sense","faq:loan-refinancing-health","faq:loan-extend-term-refinancing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-refinancing","guide:mortgage-refinancing-tool","guide:refinancing-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:down-payment-comparison:en","entityId":"guide:down-payment-comparison","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Low down payment vs larger down payment","plainText":"A larger down payment lowers LTV, often improving the rate and reducing negative-equity risk; a smaller down payment preserves liquidity but raises leverage — keep enough cash for the 6–10% closing costs and an emergency reserve either way.\nLiquidity, LTV pricing, negative equity, and emergency reserve compared.\nA larger down payment lowers LTV and often improves the rate.\nA smaller down payment preserves liquidity but raises leverage and negative-equity risk.\nMany lenders price better at ≤80% LTV.\nKeep cash for the 6–10% closing costs and an emergency reserve regardless.\nThe core trade-off\nA larger down payment lowers your loan-to-value ratio, which many lenders reward with a better rate (some add a surcharge above 80% LTV), and it reduces the risk of negative equity if the property’s value dips. A smaller down payment preserves liquidity — cash you keep for investments, emergencies, or opportunities — but raises leverage and the chance of owing more than the home is worth. Zero-down or >100% financing pushes this risk to the extreme.\nHow to decide\nBalance the better pricing and safety of a larger down payment against the value of keeping cash. Whatever you choose, do not use all your savings for the down payment: keep enough for the 6–10% closing costs and a separate emergency and repair reserve. A common prudent approach is a down payment large enough to reach a favorable LTV band while still retaining several months of living costs plus a property-specific repair reserve. Financing everything to keep cash invested is only sensible if you can genuinely withstand a price dip.\nKey points to carry away: A larger down payment lowers LTV and often improves the rate; A smaller down payment preserves liquidity but raises leverage and negative-equity risk; Many lenders price better at ≤80% LTV; Keep cash for the 6–10% closing costs and an emergency reserve regardless. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/down-payment-comparison","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-how-much-down","faq:loan-zero-down-safe","faq:loan-all-savings-down"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:loan-to-value-down-payment","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:property-budget"]},"sources":[{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-term-comparison:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-term-comparison","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"35-year vs 40-year vs 50-year mortgage","plainText":"A longer term lowers the monthly payment but raises total interest, may add a term surcharge and age limits, and slows equity build-up — extend the term only for genuine affordability, not to buy a bigger home.\nPayment, total interest, age limits, term surcharge, and equity accumulation compared.\nA longer term lowers the monthly payment but raises total interest.\nTerms beyond 35 years may carry a rate surcharge (e.g. au Jibun +0.10 point).\nAge limits apply — the loan usually must end before a set age (e.g. 80).\nA longer term slows equity accumulation.\nThe core trade-off\nSeveral banks now permit terms up to 50 years, subject to age, property, and underwriting limits — au Jibun Bank states 1–50 years, and Sumishin SBI Net Bank publishes up to 50 years for new borrowing. A longer term lowers the monthly payment, which can make a purchase feel affordable, but it raises total interest substantially, may add a rate surcharge (au Jibun adds 0.10 point beyond 35 years; PayPay Bank’s long-term surcharge rises for later executions), carries age limits (the loan usually must be repaid before a set age such as 80), and slows how fast you build equity.\nHow to decide\nUse a longer term for genuine affordability and cash-flow flexibility, not to stretch into a more expensive home than you can really afford. The extra decades of interest are a real cost, and a mortgage that extends materially beyond your expected working income is a warning sign. If you can comfortably afford a 35-year payment, that usually minimizes total interest; choose 40 or 50 years deliberately, understanding the surcharge and the slower equity build, and consider prepaying later if your income allows.\nKey points to carry away: A longer term lowers the monthly payment but raises total interest; Terms beyond 35 years may carry a rate surcharge (e.g. au Jibun +0.10 point); Age limits apply — the loan usually must end before a set age (e.g. 80); A longer term slows equity accumulation. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-term-comparison","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-amortization"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-amortization","guide:50-year-mortgages","guide:debt-to-income-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"sumishin-mortgage","publisher":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank","title":"WEB-course housing loan","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/contents/lineup/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-mortgage","publisher":"PayPay Bank","title":"PayPay Bank mortgage","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/mortgage/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:repayment-method-comparison:en","entityId":"guide:repayment-method-comparison","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Level payment vs level principal repayment","plainText":"Level principal-and-interest keeps the payment steady and eases early cash flow; level principal starts higher but declines and saves total interest — choose based on early affordability versus total cost.\nInitial payment, total interest, and cash-flow path compared.\nLevel payment (元利均等): steady payment, easier early cash flow, more total interest.\nLevel principal (元金均等): higher initial payment, declining path, less total interest.\nLevel principal is not offered by every lender.\nChoose based on early affordability versus lifetime cost.\nThe core trade-off\nLevel principal-and-interest (元利均等返済) keeps the scheduled payment level until any reset, so early cash flow is easier and predictable, but the principal component starts small and total interest is higher. Level principal (元金均等返済) repays the same principal each month, so payments start higher and decline over time, reducing total interest relative to a comparable level-payment loan — but the higher early payments demand more initial cash flow, and not every lender offers it.\nHow to decide\nChoose level payment if you value predictable, lower early payments — useful for a tight early budget or a household expecting income to rise. Choose level principal if you can afford the higher early payments and want to minimize total interest, and your lender offers it. The difference is a trade between early cash-flow comfort and lifetime cost; model both against your actual budget rather than assuming one is universally better.\nKey points to carry away: Level payment (元利均等): steady payment, easier early cash flow, more total interest; Level principal (元金均等): higher initial payment, declining path, less total interest; Level principal is not offered by every lender; Choose based on early affordability versus lifetime cost. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/repayment-method-comparison","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-level-principal-interest","faq:loan-level-principal"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-amortization","guide:mortgage-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinsei-mortgage","publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","title":"PowerSmart housing loan","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/powersmart/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bank-vs-dealer-car-loan:en","entityId":"guide:bank-vs-dealer-car-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Bank auto loan vs dealer finance","plainText":"Compare the vehicle’s cash price separately from the financing: bank auto loans often show a clearer interest cost, while dealer finance is convenient and may bundle discounts or a residual-value balloon.\nCash price, rate, fees, balloon, ownership, and convenience compared.\nBank auto loan: often a clearer interest cost, you usually own the car.\nDealer finance: convenient, sometimes discounts or a residual (balloon) plan.\nAlways compare the cash vehicle price separately from the finance.\nA residual-value plan leaves a large final balloon or return conditions.\nThe core trade-off\nA bank auto loan often shows a clearer interest cost and typically leaves you owning the vehicle outright. Dealer finance is convenient — arranged at the point of sale — and may come with promotional discounts or a residual-value (balloon) structure that lowers monthly payments by assuming a future vehicle value. The catch is that dealer discounts and finance terms are often intertwined, so a \"cheap\" finance rate can accompany a higher vehicle price, and a residual plan leaves a large final balloon or return conditions.\nHow to decide\nSeparate the two decisions. First negotiate the cash price of the vehicle as if paying cash, then compare financing options — bank loan versus dealer finance — on the total finance cost for that price. Be wary of a residual-value plan if you assume you can always refinance or resell to cover the balloon. A car is a depreciating asset, so avoid an excessive vehicle price, a balloon you cannot fund, or a term stretching beyond the car’s useful life.\nKey points to carry away: Bank auto loan: often a clearer interest cost, you usually own the car; Dealer finance: convenient, sometimes discounts or a residual (balloon) plan; Always compare the cash vehicle price separately from the finance; A residual-value plan leaves a large final balloon or return conditions. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/bank-vs-dealer-car-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-dealer-financing-cheaper","faq:loan-residual-value","faq:loan-what-auto-bank-loan"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:car-loans","guide:secured-vs-unsecured"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:consumer-vs-bank-card-loan:en","entityId":"guide:consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Consumer loan vs bank card loan","plainText":"Consumer (moneylender) loans fall under the one-third-of-income borrowing cap and high rates; bank card loans sit outside that statutory rule but still carry high rates — neither suits a long-term lifestyle deficit.\nRate, regulation, limits, repayment, and risks compared.\nConsumer loans: moneylender regulation, the one-third-of-income cap, high rates.\nBank card loans: bank underwriting, outside the statutory cap, still often high rates.\nBoth are revolving and can trap you in minimum-payment cycles.\nNeither is suitable for a long-term living-cost deficit.\nThe core difference\nConsumer loans and finance-company cash advances are covered moneylender borrowing, generally subject to the aggregate limit under the Money Lending Business Act — new borrowing is normally restricted once covered balances exceed one-third of annual income — and they carry high, often double-digit rates. Bank card loans are revolving unsecured credit from a bank; bank lending sits outside that statutory one-third rule, though banks impose their own limits, and the rates are still often high. Both are convenient for short-term liquidity and dangerous as a habit.\nThe decision rule\nNeither is suitable for a long-term lifestyle deficit — if you are using either to cover recurring living costs, the problem is the budget, not the loan, and adding high-rate revolving debt deepens it. For a genuine short, necessary, repayable emergency, compare the rate and repayment terms of both and choose the cheaper, and pay it off quickly. Remember that card-loan use can hurt a future mortgage application through the balance, the repayment burden, and your credit behavior, so keep balances low and avoid revolving debt before applying for a home loan.\nKey points to carry away: Consumer loans: moneylender regulation, the one-third-of-income cap, high rates; Bank card loans: bank underwriting, outside the statutory cap, still often high rates; Both are revolving and can trap you in minimum-payment cycles; Neither is suitable for a long-term living-cost deficit. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-bank-card-loan","faq:loan-card-loan-onethird","faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumer-loans","guide:bank-card-loans","guide:debt-before-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent:en","entityId":"guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property portal vs buyer’s agent","plainText":"Use portals for broad discovery, but they are advertising tools not diligence; use a properly incentivized professional for representation, negotiation, and judgment — and always ask who a broker actually represents.\nInventory, representation, fees, conflicts, and diligence compared.\nA portal is broad inventory and discovery — not title, legal, building, or financial diligence.\nDuplicate listings are common; a portal is optimized for lead generation.\nA buyer’s agent provides search, negotiation, and diligence representation.\nAsk who the broker represents and whether dual agency or direct dealing exists.\nThe core difference\nA property portal (SUUMO, at home, HOME’S, Yahoo! Real Estate, and others) is an advertising and discovery tool — excellent for seeing what is on the market, but not a substitute for title, legal, building, or financial diligence, and duplicate listings are common because portals are optimized for lead generation. A buyer’s agent, by contrast, can provide search, negotiation, and diligence representation. The catch is incentives: the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller, and dual agency or direct dealing can create conflicts.\nHow to decide\nUse portals for discovery — cast a wide net and identify candidate areas and properties. Then use a properly incentivized professional for judgment: someone whose compensation aligns with representing your interests in the search, negotiation, and diligence. Always ask a broker who they represent, whether they are acting for both sides, and whether they have a direct interest in the sale. Do not confuse \"has an English website\" with \"provides independent buyer representation\" — verify the license, fee, and whose side the advice is on.\nKey points to carry away: A portal is broad inventory and discovery — not title, legal, building, or financial diligence; Duplicate listings are common; a portal is optimized for lead generation; A buyer’s agent provides search, negotiation, and diligence representation; Ask who the broker represents and whether dual agency or direct dealing exists. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portals","guide:buyers-agents","guide:real-estate-agents-japan","guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"reins-market","publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","title":"REINS Market Information","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-lenders:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"All mortgage lenders in Japan","plainText":"Japan’s mortgage market spans megabanks, online banks, regional and shinkin banks, labor banks, agricultural cooperatives, Flat 35 providers, and foreign-resident specialists — a screened shortlist based on your and the property’s eligibility beats any national \"best lender\" ranking.\nA master directory of banks, online lenders, regional institutions, Flat 35 providers, and specialists.\nMegabanks and online banks compete on rate, process, and insurance riders.\nRegional banks, shinkin, labor banks, and JA may have geographic or membership rules.\nFlat 35 providers cluster on base rate but differ on fees.\nA screened shortlist beats a national ranking because eligibility is borrower- and property-specific.\nThe lender landscape\nJapan’s mortgage market includes the megabanks (MUFG, Mizuho, SMBC) and large nationwide institutions (Resona), online banks (au Jibun Bank, Sumishin SBI Net Bank, PayPay Bank, Sony Bank, Rakuten Bank, AEON Bank), regional banks, shinkin banks, labor (rokin) banks, agricultural cooperatives (JA), and Flat 35 originators such as ARUHI. Foreign-resident specialists include PRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, and Suruga Bank. Each competes differently — online banks on rate and digital process, branch banks on advice and exception handling, regional institutions on local relationships.\nWhy a national ranking is less useful than a shortlist\nRegional institutions may offer competitive rates to residents, employees, or purchasers within their service areas, but may impose geographic, payroll, membership, employer, or property-location restrictions. That is why a nationwide \"best lender\" ranking is less useful than a screened shortlist based on your residence status, income type, and the specific property. Build a shortlist covering a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need (Flat 35 or a foreign-resident lender), then compare dated quotations on the same LTV, term, and holding period.\nKey points to carry away: Megabanks and online banks compete on rate, process, and insurance riders; Regional banks, shinkin, labor banks, and JA may have geographic or membership rules; Flat 35 providers cluster on base rate but differ on fees; A screened shortlist beats a national ranking because eligibility is borrower- and property-specific. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-how-many-lenders","faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:online-mortgage-lenders","guide:flat-35-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders:en","entityId":"guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Foreign-friendly mortgage lenders","plainText":"PRESTIA advertises comprehensive English support and no guarantee fee; Tokyo Star Bank publishes a Star Mortgage for foreign nationals without PR; Suruga Bank offers a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents — but eligibility and pricing are narrower than mainstream PR products.\nPR rules, non-PR routes, Japanese-language requirements, and English support across lenders.\nPRESTIA: English support, up to ¥500 million, no guarantee fee, purchase and refinance.\nTokyo Star Bank: a Star Mortgage expressly for foreign nationals without permanent residence.\nSuruga Bank: a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents (not nonresidents).\n\"English page,\" \"interpreter,\" and full English contracting are different services — verify which.\nThe foreign-friendly routes\nPRESTIA (SMBC Trust Bank) advertises comprehensive English support, loans up to ¥500 million, no credit-guarantee or surety fee, and both purchase and refinance uses — a leading option for higher-income or internationally oriented clients, though potentially selective and relationship-priced. Tokyo Star Bank expressly publishes a Star Mortgage for foreign nationals without permanent residence, an important non-PR route with a possible salary-deposit discount. Suruga Bank’s foreign-national home loan is for Japan residents (its outline excludes nonresidents) and does not state that PR is universally required. Flat 35 is also accessible to non-PR buyers who meet its nationality/residence and property conditions.\nThe language-support caveat\nDo not assume \"English website\" means fully independent English service. An English marketing page, an interpreter for meetings, and full English contracting are three different things, and English-support quality varies by city and transaction. Confirm exactly what language help each lender provides at each stage — application, important-matters explanation, contract, and closing — and whether contractual understanding in Japanese is still required. For non-PR applicants, also confirm the specific PR rule, down-payment expectation, and any spouse, employer, or long-term-residence conditions before assuming you qualify.\nKey points to carry away: PRESTIA: English support, up to ¥500 million, no guarantee fee, purchase and refinance; Tokyo Star Bank: a Star Mortgage expressly for foreign nationals without permanent residence; Suruga Bank: a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents (not nonresidents); \"English page,\" \"interpreter,\" and full English contracting are different services — verify which. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-english-support","faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-japanese-language","faq:loan-no-japanese-guarantor"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","guide:foreigner-mortgage-checker","guide:prestia-housing-loan"]},"sources":[{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"tokyostar-mortgage","publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","title":"Star Mortgage housing loan","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"suruga-mortgage","publisher":"Suruga Bank","title":"Foreign-national home loan","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:online-mortgage-lenders:en","entityId":"guide:online-mortgage-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Online mortgage lenders","plainText":"Online banks (au Jibun Bank, Sumishin SBI Net Bank, PayPay Bank, Sony Bank, Rakuten Bank) offer low advertised rates and a fully digital application, best suited to standard salaried applicants with clean, document-ready files.\nDigital application, rate, documents, e-contract, and support across online banks.\nLow advertised rates and a digital application with an e-contract.\nau Jibun Bank: 1–50 year terms; Sumishin SBI: up to ¥300 million and up to 50 years.\nRate pages are dynamic — save them on your application and execution dates.\nBest for standard salaried files; complex cases may need a branch bank.\nHow online mortgages work\nOnline banks run the whole process digitally — application, document upload, and often an electronic contract — and pass the branch-cost savings into lower advertised rates. au Jibun Bank publishes 1–50 year terms with transparent LTV and fee disclosure; Sumishin SBI Net Bank publishes loans up to ¥300 million and up to 50 years for new borrowing with broad insurance appeal; PayPay Bank and Sony Bank offer long-term and insurance features. The reviewed pages generally require permanent residence for ordinary foreign-national eligibility, so non-PR applicants should confirm before applying.\nBest fit and the dynamic-rate caveat\nOnline mortgages suit standard salaried applicants with clean, document-ready files who are comfortable applying in Japanese online. The main caveat is that rate pages are dynamic and can change between application and execution, so save the page (with the date) whenever you apply and again at execution, and confirm the exact rate in a dated written quotation. If your income is self-employed or overseas, the property is unusual, or you need in-person guidance or English support, a branch bank or specialist lender may suit you better despite a slightly higher rate.\nKey points to carry away: Low advertised rates and a digital application with an e-contract; au Jibun Bank: 1–50 year terms; Sumishin SBI: up to ¥300 million and up to 50 years; Rate pages are dynamic — save them on your application and execution dates; Best for standard salaried files; complex cases may need a branch bank. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/online-mortgage-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-how-many-lenders"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:online-vs-traditional-mortgages","guide:jibun-bank-housing-loan","guide:sumishin-sbi-web-course","guide:paypay-bank-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"sumishin-mortgage","publisher":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank","title":"WEB-course housing loan","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/contents/lineup/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-mortgage","publisher":"PayPay Bank","title":"PayPay Bank mortgage","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/mortgage/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:major-bank-mortgages:en","entityId":"guide:major-bank-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Major-bank mortgages","plainText":"Megabanks (MUFG, Mizuho, SMBC) and large nationwide institutions (Resona) combine established processes, branch networks, and in-person advice, suiting conventional salaried borrowers and complex cases needing exception handling.\nMegabanks and large nationwide institutions: branch networks, process, and exception handling.\nEstablished process, branch networks, and in-person advice.\nMUFG: variable shown around 0.945–0.995% depending on course; up to 40 years without the highlighted term surcharge.\nMizuho disclosed an announced January 2027 reset; Resona has a strong retail lineup.\nBest for conventional salaried borrowers wanting branch plus online service.\nThe major banks\nThe megabanks and large nationwide institutions offer established processes and branch networks with in-person advice. MUFG showed a variable rate of 0.945% on its main page and 0.995% under a specified discount course on its detailed page, a fixed 10-year at 3.59%, a percentage-fee structure generally 2.20%, no guarantee fee on the reviewed product, and up to 40 years without the highlighted term surcharge — reconcile the headline and detailed-course displays before applying. Mizuho showed new variable borrowing from about 1.025% with a published warning that 1.275% or more would apply from January 2027. Resona is strongly specialized in retail mortgages with a renovation and reverse-mortgage lineup.\nBest fit\nMajor banks best suit conventional salaried borrowers who want the reassurance of a branch alongside online service, or complex cases (variable income, an unusual property, or a need for exception handling) that benefit from a human underwriter. Their advertised rates are competitive but usually above the cheapest online banks, so weigh the value of branch access and advice against the rate difference. As with any lender, reconcile the headline-page and detailed-course rates and get a dated written quotation before you commit.\nKey points to carry away: Established process, branch networks, and in-person advice; MUFG: variable shown around 0.945–0.995% depending on course; up to 40 years without the highlighted term surcharge; Mizuho disclosed an announced January 2027 reset; Resona has a strong retail lineup; Best for conventional salaried borrowers wanting branch plus online service. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/major-bank-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:online-vs-traditional-mortgages","guide:mufg-housing-loan","guide:mizuho-housing-loan","guide:resona-housing-loan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"resona-mortgage","publisher":"Resona Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35-lenders:en","entityId":"guide:flat-35-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Flat 35 providers","plainText":"Flat 35 base rates cluster across providers (around 3.29% for 21–35 years in August 2026), so compare the origination fee, LTV band, insurance additions, discount points, and processing rather than the headline rate.\nRate, fee, LTV, insurance, discount points, and processing across Flat 35 providers.\nBase rates cluster; ARUHI is an experienced originator with Super Flat options.\nCompare origination fee, LTV band, and processing across providers.\nInsurance additions matter: pair life +0.18 point and three-major-disease +0.24 point on the July schedule.\nDiscount points (Flat 35S, Child-Rearing Plus) apply for specified initial years.\nHow to compare Flat 35 providers\nBecause Flat 35 is a standardized JHF program, base pricing clusters across providers — the July official most-frequent rate was 3.14% at 90% LTV or lower for 21–35 years, and August provider rates had risen to about 3.29%, within a July range of roughly 3.14%–5.40% by LTV and term. What actually differs is the origination-fee model, guarantee and appraisal costs, insurance additions (the official July schedule showed pair life insurance at +0.18 point and three-major-disease insurance at +0.24 point), discount points, and processing speed. ARUHI is an experienced Flat 35 originator whose Super Flat variants may reward a large down payment with a lower rate.\nProperty standards and who Flat 35 suits\nWhichever provider you choose, Flat 35 requires the property to meet applicable technical standards and pass certification, so factor the inspection and certification steps into your timeline, and remember it will finance a qualifying used home but not an ordinary rental-investment property. Shorter Flat 20 and eligible longer Flat 50 structures exist, and discount frameworks — Flat 35S for housing performance and Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus for qualifying households — reduce the rate for specified initial years rather than the full term, so model the payment both during and after the discounted period. Flat 35 best suits a borrower who wants full-term payment certainty, has a qualifying property, or lacks permanent residence and needs a rules-based route; compare providers on the fee model and processing rather than the base rate, and obtain a dated quotation before you apply.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/flat-35-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-flat35-same-everywhere","faq:loan-what-flat35"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage","guide:sbi-aruhi-flat-35","guide:japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jhf-flat35-rates","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 product and rate information","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aruhi-flat35","publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","title":"ARUHI Flat 35 rates and products","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:refinancing-lenders:en","entityId":"guide:refinancing-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage refinancing providers","plainText":"Most major and online banks and PRESTIA offer refinancing; compare the new rate against the full switching cost — origination fee, cancellation and registration, judicial scrivener, appraisal, and new insurance — over your remaining term.\nEligible balances, terms, fees, appraisal, and insurance for refinancing.\nMajor banks, online banks, and PRESTIA all offer refinancing.\nCompare the new rate against origination, registration, judicial-scrivener, appraisal, and insurance costs.\nRefinancing needs fresh group credit life insurance and health screening.\nA meaningful balance and remaining term are needed for savings to beat the fees.\nWho offers refinancing and how to compare\nMost major banks, online banks, and specialist lenders such as PRESTIA (which offers purchase and refinance uses up to ¥500 million with no guarantee fee) will refinance an existing mortgage subject to fresh underwriting. Because a refinance replaces the whole loan, compare the new rate against the full switching cost — a new origination fee, the old mortgage’s cancellation and the new registration, judicial-scrivener costs, appraisal, and new group credit life insurance — measured over your remaining term. A meaningful remaining balance and term are needed for the savings to exceed those costs.\nCheck the break-even before you switch\nRefinancing pays only when the discounted present-value interest saving exceeds every new cost, so run the break-even before you apply: how many months of lower payments it takes to recover the switching costs, and whether you will hold the loan that long. Obtaining permanent residence or a stronger credit record can broaden the lenders available to you and improve the rate, but approval is never guaranteed, and a new loan means a fresh health screening for group credit life insurance — poor health can restrict standard cover, though wider-acceptance products may exist at a higher cost. Beware term extension: stretching the loan back out lowers the monthly payment and can make a refinance look attractive while raising the total interest, so compare like-for-like remaining terms and treat a lower monthly payment achieved by re-lengthening the loan as a cost, not a saving.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/refinancing-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-refinancing-makes-sense","faq:loan-refinancing-health"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-refinancing","guide:refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","guide:mortgage-refinancing-tool"]},"sources":[{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-fees-comparison:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-fees-comparison","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage fees comparison","plainText":"Compare the origination fee (often 2.20% — ¥1.10 million on ¥50 million), the guarantee-fee model (upfront, rate-loaded, or absent), appraisal, registration and license tax, and early-repayment costs, not just the headline rate.\nPercentage fees, guarantee fees, appraisal, registration, and early-repayment costs.\nPercentage origination fees are often 2.20% of principal.\n\"No guarantee fee\" may mean a higher percentage fee or a rate-loaded cost.\nAdd appraisal, registration and license tax, and judicial-scrivener fees.\nCheck early-repayment charges, especially if you may sell or refinance soon.\nThe fee models\nTwo broad models dominate. A percentage-fee product charges an origination fee — frequently 2.20% of principal, which is ¥1.10 million on a ¥50 million loan — and often has no separate guarantee fee. A guarantee-company model may charge the guarantee fee upfront, load it into the rate, or waive it in exchange for a higher origination fee. Because \"no guarantee fee\" and \"no origination fee\" can each hide cost elsewhere, always compare the total of all fees plus interest over your expected holding period.\nThe other costs to compare\nBeyond origination and guarantee fees, add the appraisal fee, registration and license tax (based on the assessed value or secured amount and any relief), and judicial-scrivener fees at closing. Check the early-repayment charge, which matters most if you might sell or refinance within a few years. A nominally lower rate paired with a large fee can be the more expensive loan for a short holding period, so calculate the internal cost over the years you actually expect to hold the loan.\nKey points to carry away: Percentage origination fees are often 2.20% of principal; \"No guarantee fee\" may mean a higher percentage fee or a rate-loaded cost; Add appraisal, registration and license tax, and judicial-scrivener fees; Check early-repayment charges, especially if you may sell or refinance soon. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-fees-comparison","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-total-cost","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-fees","guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","guide:read-mortgage-quote"]},"sources":[{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-life-insurance:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-life-insurance","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage life insurance comparison","plainText":"Group credit life insurance (団信) clears the mortgage if the insured borrower dies; enhanced riders (cancer, three-major-disease, pair coverage) add protection at a rate addition — on the July Flat 35 schedule, pair life was +0.18 point and three-major-disease +0.24 point.\nStandard group credit life, pair coverage, cancer, major-disease, and rate additions.\nStandard group credit life insurance clears the loan if the insured borrower dies.\nRiders (cancer, three-major-disease) add protection for a rate addition.\nPair coverage matters for pair loans — otherwise insurance clears only one loan.\nRefinancing requires fresh screening; poor health can restrict standard cover.\nStandard cover and riders\nGroup credit life insurance (団体信用生命保険, 団信) repays the outstanding mortgage if the insured borrower dies (and often on severe disability), and it is generally required. Enhanced riders extend cover to cancer or a set of three major diseases, and they typically cost a rate addition rather than a separate premium — on the official July Flat 35 schedule, pair life insurance added +0.18 point and three-major-disease insurance added +0.24 point. Weigh the added protection against the rate cost and your existing life and medical insurance, so you do not pay twice for the same cover.\nPair coverage and health screening\nFor a pair loan, insurance generally clears only the insured person’s loan when they die, not automatically both, unless a joint-life product applies — so pair coverage is important if you want the survivor’s loan cleared too. Any new loan or refinance requires a fresh health screening, and poor health can restrict standard insurance, though wider-acceptance products may exist at a higher cost. Confirm what happens on death or serious illness under your specific structure before relying on the insurance as your family’s safety net.\nKey points to carry away: Standard group credit life insurance clears the loan if the insured borrower dies; Riders (cancer, three-major-disease) add protection for a rate addition; Pair coverage matters for pair loans — otherwise insurance clears only one loan; Refinancing requires fresh screening; poor health can restrict standard cover. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-life-insurance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-pair-death","faq:loan-refinancing-health"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pair-loans","guide:mortgage-refinancing","guide:flat-35"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jhf-flat35-rates","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 product and rate information","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:50-year-mortgages:en","entityId":"guide:50-year-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Long-term mortgages up to 50 years","plainText":"Several banks now permit terms up to 50 years (au Jibun Bank 1–50, Sumishin SBI up to 50), subject to age and property limits and a term surcharge — the lower monthly payment comes at the cost of much higher total interest and slower equity build.\nProviders, age limits, property restrictions, surcharges, and total cost of 40–50 year terms.\nau Jibun Bank states 1–50 years; Sumishin SBI Net Bank publishes up to 50 years for new borrowing.\nTerms beyond 35 years often carry a rate surcharge (au Jibun +0.10 point).\nAge limits apply — the loan usually must end before a set age such as 80.\nThe lower monthly payment trades against much higher total interest.\nProviders, surcharges, and limits\nSeveral banks now permit long terms subject to age, property, and underwriting limits: au Jibun Bank states 1–50 years and Sumishin SBI Net Bank publishes up to 50 years for new borrowing. Terms beyond 35 years often carry a surcharge — au Jibun Bank adds 0.10 point beyond 35 years, and PayPay Bank’s long-term surcharge for terms over 35 years rises for executions from September 1, 2026, with a final repayment before age 80. Age limits mean the loan must be repaid before a set age, which constrains how long an older borrower can stretch the term.\nThe total-cost trade-off\nA 40- or 50-year term lowers the monthly payment, which can make a purchase feel affordable, but the extra decades of interest are a large real cost, and equity builds much more slowly. Use a long term for genuine cash-flow flexibility, not to stretch into a more expensive home than you can afford — a mortgage extending materially beyond your expected working income is a warning sign. If you can comfortably afford a 35-year payment, that usually minimizes total interest; choose 40 or 50 years deliberately and consider prepaying later.\nKey points to carry away: au Jibun Bank states 1–50 years; Sumishin SBI Net Bank publishes up to 50 years for new borrowing; Terms beyond 35 years often carry a rate surcharge (au Jibun +0.10 point); Age limits apply — the loan usually must end before a set age such as 80; The lower monthly payment trades against much higher total interest. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/50-year-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-amortization"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-term-comparison","guide:mortgage-amortization","guide:debt-to-income-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"sumishin-mortgage","publisher":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank","title":"WEB-course housing loan","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/contents/lineup/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-mortgage","publisher":"PayPay Bank","title":"PayPay Bank mortgage","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/mortgage/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:regional-mortgage-lenders:en","entityId":"guide:regional-mortgage-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Regional banks and credit unions for mortgages","plainText":"Regional banks, shinkin banks, labor (rokin) banks, and JA cooperatives can offer competitive rates to residents, employees, or purchasers in their service areas — but they often impose geographic, payroll, membership, employer, or property-location restrictions.\nGeographic eligibility, payroll, membership, and local-property requirements.\nRegional banks, shinkin, rokin, and JA may price competitively for local borrowers.\nEligibility can depend on residence, employer, payroll, or membership.\nThe property often must be within the institution’s service area.\nWorth including in a shortlist if you or the property fit their area.\nWho regional institutions serve\nRegional banks, shinkin banks, labor (rokin) banks, and agricultural cooperatives (JA) operate close to their communities and can offer competitive rates to people connected to their service area — residents, employees of local firms, members, or buyers of local property. Rokin banks, for example, often serve employees of member organizations, and shinkin and JA have membership structures. The trade-off is that eligibility can depend on where you live or work, whether your salary is deposited there, membership, or the property’s location.\nWhen to include them in your shortlist\nInclude a regional institution in your shortlist when you or the property fit its area — a local buyer with a local employer buying a local home may get a rate and service that a national comparison would miss. Because their rules are geographic and membership-based, they do not appear in a uniform national table, so ask directly about eligibility, the required payroll or membership conditions, and the property-location rule. For a buyer who qualifies, a regional lender can be as competitive as any megabank.\nKey points to carry away: Regional banks, shinkin, rokin, and JA may price competitively for local borrowers; Eligibility can depend on residence, employer, payroll, or membership; The property often must be within the institution’s service area; Worth including in a shortlist if you or the property fit their area. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/regional-mortgage-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-how-many-lenders"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-lenders","guide:major-bank-mortgages","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-banks","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Licensed banks in Japan","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/ginkou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mufg-housing-loan:en","entityId":"guide:mufg-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MUFG housing loan","plainText":"MUFG shows a variable rate around 0.945–0.995% depending on the discount course, a fixed 10-year around 3.59%, a generally 2.20% percentage fee with no guarantee fee on the reviewed product, and terms up to 40 years without the highlighted surcharge.\nMUFG housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nVariable 0.945% (main page) / 0.995% (specified discount course); fixed 10-year 3.59%.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nPercentage-fee structure generally 2.20%; guarantee fee stated as unnecessary for the reviewed product; up to 40 years without the highlighted term surcharge. Reconcile the headline page and detailed-course display before applying.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nBest for conventional salaried borrowers wanting a major branch network plus online service. The headline-page and detailed-course rates must be reconciled.\nHow to use this profile\nUse MUFG housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mufg-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mizuho-housing-loan","guide:resona-housing-loan","guide:major-bank-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mizuho-housing-loan:en","entityId":"guide:mizuho-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mizuho housing loan","plainText":"Mizuho shows new variable borrowing from about 1.025% with a published warning that 1.275% or more would apply from January 2027 after the August 3 prime-rate change — valuable disclosure of an already-announced future reset.\nMizuho housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nNew variable borrowing from about 1.025%; published warning of 1.275%+ from January 2027, subject to further changes.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nSemiannual review; full fee and eligibility depend on the product route. The announced January 2027 reset is the key planning figure.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nBest for borrowers who model the January 2027 payment, not only the initial rate. The disclosure of an announced reset is unusually helpful.\nHow to use this profile\nUse Mizuho housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mizuho-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-housing-loan","guide:resona-housing-loan","guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:resona-housing-loan:en","entityId":"guide:resona-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Resona housing loan","plainText":"Resona is strongly specialized in retail mortgages with a renovation and reverse-mortgage lineup; its rate page was dated July 8, 2026, and prime-rate changes were announced for October 2026 with effects on certain repayments from January 2027 — a final quote is required.\nResona housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nRate page dated July 8, 2026; the exact promotional cell was not consistently extractable — obtain a current quote.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nPrime-rate changes announced for October 2026, with effects on certain repayments from January 2027 and contractual five-year/125% rules.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nStrong retail mortgage specialization with a renovation and reverse-mortgage lineup. A final quote is required because the promotional rate was not stable in the retrieved page.\nHow to use this profile\nUse Resona housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/resona-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-housing-loan","guide:mizuho-housing-loan","guide:renovation-loans"]},"sources":[{"id":"resona-mortgage","publisher":"Resona Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:jibun-bank-housing-loan:en","entityId":"guide:jibun-bank-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","plainText":"au Jibun Bank shows 0.984% variable for new borrowing at 80% LTV or lower after maximum discount, adding 0.045 point above 80% LTV, with ¥5 million–¥200 million, 1–50 years, a 2.20% fee, and a 0.10 point surcharge beyond 35 years — transparent LTV and fee disclosure with a strong digital process.\nau Jibun Bank housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\n0.984% variable for new borrowing at ≤80% LTV after maximum mortgage-rate discount; +0.045 point above 80% LTV.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\n¥5 million–¥200 million; 1–50 years; 2.20% fee; 0.10 point surcharge beyond 35 years; rate may be replaced by guarantee-backed pricing.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nTransparent LTV and fee disclosure, strong digital process, and insurance options. Discounts tied to services may not suit everyone.\nHow to use this profile\nUse au Jibun Bank housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/jibun-bank-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:sumishin-sbi-web-course","guide:paypay-bank-mortgage","guide:online-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sumishin-sbi-web-course:en","entityId":"guide:sumishin-sbi-web-course","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank WEB course","plainText":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank offers ¥5 million–¥300 million, up to 50 years, and broad insurance appeal via a digital application; its July materials referenced a 3.525% base with discounted structures, and permanent residence was required for ordinary foreign-national eligibility on the reviewed page.\nSumishin SBI Net Bank WEB course: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nJuly materials referenced a 3.525% base and discounted structures; check the current page at application.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\n¥5 million–¥300 million; up to 50 years; permanent residence required for ordinary foreign-national eligibility on the reviewed page.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nHigh maximum, digital application, and broad insurance appeal. Rate pages are dynamic and must be saved on application and execution dates.\nHow to use this profile\nUse Sumishin SBI Net Bank WEB course as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/sumishin-sbi-web-course","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:jibun-bank-housing-loan","guide:paypay-bank-mortgage","guide:online-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"sumishin-mortgage","publisher":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank","title":"WEB-course housing loan","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/contents/lineup/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:paypay-bank-mortgage:en","entityId":"guide:paypay-bank-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PayPay Bank mortgage","plainText":"PayPay Bank offers a digital, long-term product with insurance features, but its dynamic page did not expose a reliable base rate; terms over 35 years carry a 0.10 point surcharge through August 31, 2026 and 0.30 point for executions from September 1, 2026, up to 50 years with final repayment before age 80.\nPayPay Bank mortgage: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nThe dynamic page did not expose a reliable numeric base rate — obtain a dated written quotation.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nService discounts and a possible 0.30 point underwriting addition; terms over 35 years carry 0.10 point through Aug 31, 2026 and 0.30 point from Sep 1, 2026. Up to 50 years; final repayment before age 80.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nDigital, long-term, and insurance features, but the future long-term surcharge is significant. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nHow to use this profile\nUse PayPay Bank mortgage as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/paypay-bank-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:jibun-bank-housing-loan","guide:sumishin-sbi-web-course","guide:50-year-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-mortgage","publisher":"PayPay Bank","title":"PayPay Bank mortgage","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/mortgage/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sbi-shinsei-housing-loan:en","entityId":"guide:sbi-shinsei-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SBI Shinsei housing loan","plainText":"SBI Shinsei has historically differentiated on flexible fee structures and uses level principal-and-interest repayment, but the retrieved current page did not expose a reliable August numeric offer; do not rely on search snippets showing old rates — obtain the current official schedule.\nSBI Shinsei housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nThe retrieved current page did not expose a reliable August numeric offer; historical pages should not be used as a current quote.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nLevel principal-and-interest repayment; the execution/condition date determines the rate. Flexible fee structures have historically differentiated the product.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nHistorically flexible fees. Obtain the current official schedule and do not rely on search snippets showing old rates.\nHow to use this profile\nUse SBI Shinsei housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/sbi-shinsei-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-housing-loan","guide:repayment-method-comparison","guide:online-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"shinsei-mortgage","publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","title":"PowerSmart housing loan","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/powersmart/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sbi-aruhi-flat-35:en","entityId":"guide:sbi-aruhi-flat-35","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SBI ARUHI Flat 35","plainText":"ARUHI is an experienced Flat 35 originator: standard August Flat 35 was 3.29% for 21–35 years before qualifying point reductions, with a displayed example of 2.29% for the first five years using four discount points and specified insurance, and Super Flat variants that may reward a large down payment.\nSBI ARUHI Flat 35: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nStandard August Flat 35: 3.29% for 21–35 years before point reductions; example 2.29% for the first five years with four discount points and specified insurance.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nFully fixed; property technical standards apply; pricing varies by LTV, term, insurance, and discount points. Super Flat may reward large down payments.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nPayment certainty and experienced Flat 35 processing. Higher base rate than variable loans; fees and property inspection requirements matter.\nHow to use this profile\nUse SBI ARUHI Flat 35 as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/sbi-aruhi-flat-35","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:flat-35-lenders","guide:japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35"]},"sources":[{"id":"aruhi-flat35","publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","title":"ARUHI Flat 35 rates and products","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35:en","entityId":"guide:japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan Housing Finance Agency / Flat 35","plainText":"The Japan Housing Finance Agency underpins Flat 35 through purchase or guarantee structures with participating lenders; the July official most-frequent rate was 3.14% at 90% LTV or lower for 21–35 years, rising to about 3.29% at providers in August, and it is the benchmark for full-term certainty.\nJapan Housing Finance Agency / Flat 35: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nJuly official most-frequent rate 3.14% at ≤90% LTV for 21–35 years; August provider rates rose to about 3.29%; July range 3.14%–5.40%.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nFull-term fixed; pair life insurance +0.18 point and three-major-disease +0.24 point on the official July schedule. Provided through participating institutions.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nThe benchmark for full-term certainty. Compare provider fees even where base rates match. The August official page still displayed July on August 1.\nHow to use this profile\nUse Japan Housing Finance Agency / Flat 35 as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:sbi-aruhi-flat-35","guide:flat-35-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35-rates","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 product and rate information","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:prestia-housing-loan:en","entityId":"guide:prestia-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PRESTIA housing loan","plainText":"PRESTIA (SMBC Trust Bank) is a leading foreign-resident and English-service option: it advertises comprehensive English support, loans up to ¥500 million, no credit-guarantee or surety fee, and both purchase and refinance uses, with an individual rate quote rather than a single headline.\nPRESTIA housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nIndividual rate quote and preferential conditions rather than a single extracted headline rate.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nUp to ¥500 million; purchase and refinance; no credit-guarantee or surety fee; English-speaking support.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nA leading foreign-resident and English-service option for higher-income or internationally oriented clients. Potentially selective and relationship-priced.\nHow to use this profile\nUse PRESTIA housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/prestia-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage","guide:suruga-bank-foreign-national-home-loan"]},"sources":[{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage:en","entityId":"guide:tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Tokyo Star Bank Star Mortgage","plainText":"Tokyo Star Bank expressly markets a Star Mortgage to foreign nationals without permanent residence — an important non-PR route, with a possible salary-deposit discount, though its current rate requires direct quotation and specialist pricing may be less favorable than ordinary PR products.\nTokyo Star Bank Star Mortgage: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nCurrent rate requires direct quotation.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nSpecifically marketed to foreign nationals without permanent residence; a salary-deposit discount may apply.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nAn important non-PR route. Specialist pricing and conditions may be less favorable than ordinary PR products.\nHow to use this profile\nUse Tokyo Star Bank Star Mortgage as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:prestia-housing-loan","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyostar-mortgage","publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","title":"Star Mortgage housing loan","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:suruga-bank-foreign-national-home-loan:en","entityId":"guide:suruga-bank-foreign-national-home-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Suruga Bank foreign-national home loan","plainText":"Suruga Bank offers broad specialist consideration and multilingual experience for foreign nationals resident in Japan: its published outline allowed ¥300,000–¥600 million, age under 70 at borrowing and under 85 at final repayment, and excluded nonresidents — thoroughly compare rate, LTV, fees, and its historical servicing reputation.\nSuruga Bank foreign-national home loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nCurrent rate not confirmed in an August 2026 HTML source — obtain a direct quotation.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nPublished outline allowed ¥300,000–¥600 million, age under 70 at borrowing and under 85 at final repayment; the applicant must be resident in Japan (nonresidents excluded).\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nBroad specialist consideration and multilingual experience. Thoroughly compare rate, LTV, fees, and its historical servicing reputation.\nHow to use this profile\nUse Suruga Bank foreign-national home loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/suruga-bank-foreign-national-home-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:prestia-housing-loan","guide:tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"id":"suruga-mortgage","publisher":"Suruga Bank","title":"Foreign-national home loan","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-budget:en","entityId":"guide:property-budget","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How much property can you afford?","plainText":"Set three ceilings before viewing: a maximum purchase price, a maximum monthly housing outflow (mortgage plus taxes, fees, insurance, and repairs), and a minimum cash reserve you keep after closing — then stress-test the monthly figure at higher rates.\nSetting a purchase ceiling, a monthly ceiling, a cash reserve, and stress testing.\nSet a purchase-price ceiling, a monthly-outflow ceiling, and a post-closing cash floor.\nMonthly outflow is more than the mortgage: add tax, management, reserve, insurance, parking, and repairs.\nStress-test the payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points.\nDo not borrow the lender’s maximum — it leaves no margin.\nThe three ceilings\nBefore you view anything, set three ceilings. The maximum purchase price caps what you shop for. The maximum monthly housing outflow is the real affordability test, and it is more than the mortgage — it includes fixed-asset and city-planning tax, condominium management and repair-reserve fees, insurance, parking, utilities, and owner-funded repairs (a house shifts roof, exterior, and structural costs onto you directly). The minimum cash reserve is what you will still hold after closing, so you are not left with no buffer for fees, repairs, or emergencies.\nStress-test the payment\nRun the monthly payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points, because a variable loan you can afford only at the initial rate is a loan you cannot safely afford. Flag the plan if stressed housing costs exceed a prudent share of net income (a common guide is around 35%), if total debt service exceeds the lender’s rules, or if the mortgage extends materially beyond your expected working income. The lender’s maximum is an underwriting ceiling, not a household recommendation — decide on your own stressed budget.\nKey points to carry away: Set a purchase-price ceiling, a monthly-outflow ceiling, and a post-closing cash floor; Monthly outflow is more than the mortgage: add tax, management, reserve, insurance, parking, and repairs; Stress-test the payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points; Do not borrow the lender’s maximum — it leaves no margin. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-budget","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-borrow-maximum","faq:loan-what-dti"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:debt-to-income-japan","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-repayment-ratio","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 repayment-ratio and simulation","url":"https://www.flat35.com/user/simulation/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-preapproval:en","entityId":"guide:property-preapproval","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage preapproval before property hunting","plainText":"Get preapproval (事前審査) before you make an offer: it tells you your realistic budget, lets you act quickly, and underpins the financing-condition clause — but it is time-limited and not a promise to lend.\nTiming, documents, validity, offers, and financing clauses around preapproval.\nPreapproval screens stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property.\nIt gives you a realistic budget and credibility when making an offer.\nPreapproval is time-limited and lender-specific — it is not a promise to lend.\nMake an offer with a financing-condition clause; it is safer to have preapproval first.\nWhy get preapproval first\nPreapproval (事前審査/仮審査) screens your stated income, debts, identity, employment, and the property, and gives you a realistic budget before you fall in love with a home you cannot finance. It also makes your offer more credible to a seller. Gather the documents early — withholding slips, tax certificates, and employment evidence — so you can obtain preapproval quickly when you find a candidate property. It is safer to have preapproval in hand before making an offer.\nValidity and the financing clause\nPreapproval is time-limited and lender-specific, and it is not a promise to lend — final approval (本審査) can still fail if documents differ, the appraisal is weak, or the property is ineligible. When you make an offer and sign, the financing-condition clause (住宅ローン特約) should name the lender, amount, and application and approval deadlines, and state whether the deposit is refundable if financing fails under the clause. Preapproval and a well-drafted financing clause together are the mortgage buyer’s core protection against losing a deposit on a deal that cannot be financed.\nKey points to carry away: Preapproval screens stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property; It gives you a realistic budget and credibility when making an offer; Preapproval is time-limited and lender-specific — it is not a promise to lend; Make an offer with a financing-condition clause; it is safer to have preapproval first. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-preapproval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-preapproval","faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval","faq:loan-preapproval-valid"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:preapproval-final-approval","guide:mortgage-financing-clause","guide:making-property-offer"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:choosing-property-area:en","entityId":"guide:choosing-property-area","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to choose an area in Japan","plainText":"Evaluate commute, schools, medical care, noise, redevelopment, zoning, slope, and flood/landslide/tsunami/liquefaction exposure — and rental demand and resale depth — using MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library alongside site visits.\nCommute, services, demographics, zoning, hazards, and resale in area selection.\nWeigh commute, schools, medical care, noise, and redevelopment plans.\nCheck zoning, slope, and flood/landslide/tsunami/liquefaction exposure on official maps.\nConsider local population, rental demand, and resale depth, not just today’s convenience.\nMLIT’s Real Estate Information Library combines prices, land values, planning, and hazard data.\nWhat to evaluate in an area\nChoosing an area is choosing your daily life and your future resale market at once. Evaluate the commute, schools, medical care, noise, redevelopment plans, zoning, slope, and official flood, inland-flood, landslide, tsunami, storm-surge, and liquefaction exposure, plus the local population trend, rental demand, and resale depth. MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library combines transaction prices, official land values, planning, disaster, and amenity information in one place, which lets you sanity-check a listing against real comparables and hazards.\nMaps plus site observation\nHazard maps describe modeled scenarios and do not prove that an uncolored site is risk-free, so combine official maps with local maps and site observation. Walk from the station, note the slope and drainage, and imagine the area in heavy rain. Population and demand matter for both livability and resale — an area with a shrinking, aging population may be cheaper now but harder to sell later. Underwrite the specific micro-location, not the city label, and verify demand with transaction comparables.\nKey points to carry away: Weigh commute, schools, medical care, noise, and redevelopment plans; Check zoning, slope, and flood/landslide/tsunami/liquefaction exposure on official maps; Consider local population, rental demand, and resale depth, not just today’s convenience; MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library combines prices, land values, planning, and hazard data. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/choosing-property-area","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-hazard-map","faq:loan-outside-hazard-zone","faq:loan-station-distance"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:hazard-maps","guide:finding-property","guide:property-resale-value"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-hazard-map","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Hazard Map Portal","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:finding-property:en","entityId":"guide:finding-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to search for property in Japan","plainText":"Search multiple portals and agents, treat listings as discovery rather than diligence, expect duplicate listings, be skeptical of \"off-market\" claims, and verify prices against MLIT transaction comparables.\nPortals, duplicate listings, agents, off-market claims, and comparables.\nUse multiple portals and agents; duplicate listings are common.\nA portal is an advertising and discovery tool, not title, legal, or building diligence.\nBe skeptical of \"off-market\" or \"exclusive\" claims used to pressure a decision.\nVerify asking prices against MLIT transaction comparables and REINS market data.\nPortals, duplicates, and agents\nSearch multiple portals (SUUMO, at home, HOME’S, Yahoo! Real Estate, and others) and talk to agents, but remember a portal is an advertising and discovery tool, not a substitute for title, legal, building, or financial diligence. Duplicate listings are common because many brokers advertise the same property, and a single home can appear at slightly different prices or with different photos. Use the portals to find candidates and understand the market, then move to proper diligence on the specific property.\n\"Off-market\" claims and comparables\nBe skeptical of \"off-market\" or \"exclusive\" claims used to create urgency — they are sometimes genuine, but often a sales technique. Whatever the channel, verify the asking price against evidence: MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library and REINS Market Information provide transaction comparables, so you can see what similar properties actually sold for rather than relying on the asking price. Data can lag and every property differs, but comparables are the antidote to paying a listing’s optimistic number.\nKey points to carry away: Use multiple portals and agents; duplicate listings are common; A portal is an advertising and discovery tool, not title, legal, or building diligence; Be skeptical of \"off-market\" or \"exclusive\" claims used to pressure a decision; Verify asking prices against MLIT transaction comparables and REINS market data. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/finding-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portals","guide:compare-property-listings","guide:real-estate-agents-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"reins-market","publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","title":"REINS Market Information","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:real-estate-agents-japan:en","entityId":"guide:real-estate-agents-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Working with a Japanese real-estate agent","plainText":"Ask who the agent actually represents: the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller, dual agency and direct dealing create conflicts, and commission is subject to a statutory maximum — verify the license before you pay anything.\nAgency roles, representation, commission, conflicts, and licensing.\nAsk who the agent represents and whether dual agency or direct dealing exists.\nThe listing broker often represents or depends on the seller economically.\nBrokerage commission is subject to a statutory maximum.\nVerify the license and any administrative actions before paying.\nWhose side is the agent on?\nMost brokerages are commission-based, and the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller — so their incentives are not automatically aligned with yours. Ask directly who the agent represents, whether they are acting for both sides (dual agency), and whether they have a direct interest in the sale. A property portal or an \"English website\" does not tell you whether a company is a broker, a media/referral business, or a property manager, so establish the relationship and incentives before you rely on the advice.\nCommission and licensing\nBrokerage commission is subject to a statutory maximum that depends on the price and transaction; for conventional prices it is commonly calculated with the permitted simplified formula plus consumption tax. New developer properties bought directly from the seller often carry no buyer brokerage, but confirm the transaction structure. Before paying anything, verify the company’s license and any administrative actions through MLIT and prefectural licensing records — this is free, and it confirms you are dealing with a legitimate, disciplined broker.\nKey points to carry away: Ask who the agent represents and whether dual agency or direct dealing exists; The listing broker often represents or depends on the seller economically; Brokerage commission is subject to a statutory maximum; Verify the license and any administrative actions before paying. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/real-estate-agents-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-brokerage-commission","faq:loan-developer-brokerage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees","guide:buyers-agents"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"reins-market","publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","title":"REINS Market Information","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-viewing-guide:en","entityId":"guide:property-viewing-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property viewings in Japan","plainText":"View the property repeatedly — in daylight, at night, on a weekday, and after rain — measure the actual usable space, and check noise, sunlight, odors, vibration, access, and the neighborhood before deciding.\nMultiple visits, noise, sunlight, odors, access, measurements, and neighbors.\nVisit in daylight, at night, on a weekday, and after rain where possible.\nMeasure actual usable space rather than trusting the listed area.\nCheck odors, traffic, train vibration, sunlight, and neighboring buildings.\nWalk from the station on foot and note waste collection, deliveries, and reception.\nVisit more than once\nA single daytime viewing hides a lot. Visit in daylight and at night, on a weekday and a weekend, and after rain where possible, and walk from the station on foot to feel the real commute. A quiet street at 2pm can be noisy at 8am or on a Friday night; a bright room in summer can be dark in winter; a dry site can flood after heavy rain. Multiple visits at different times reveal what a staged viewing conceals.\nWhat to check on site\nMeasure the actual usable space rather than trusting the listed area, which can include walls or unusable corners. Check odors, traffic and train vibration, sunlight and neighboring buildings that block it, waste collection and delivery access, mobile reception, and evacuation paths. Talk to the neighbors if you can, and note anything that would bother you daily. A property-viewing checklist tailored to the property type, age, location, and your priorities keeps you systematic rather than swayed by first impressions.\nKey points to carry away: Visit in daylight, at night, on a weekday, and after rain where possible; Measure actual usable space rather than trusting the listed area; Check odors, traffic, train vibration, sunlight, and neighboring buildings; Walk from the station on foot and note waste collection, deliveries, and reception. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-viewing-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-inspections","guide:evaluating-used-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:making-property-offer:en","entityId":"guide:making-property-offer","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Making an offer on Japanese property","plainText":"Submit a purchase application (買付証明書) clarifying price, deposit, financing condition, desired closing date, included fixtures, and inspection/renovation access — commonly nonbinding in itself, but the wording and your conduct still matter.\nThe purchase application, price, conditions, fixtures, and renovation access.\nThe purchase application clarifies price, deposit, financing condition, and closing date.\nSpecify included fixtures, defect treatment, survey, inspection, and renovation access.\nAlthough commonly nonbinding in itself, the wording and conduct matter.\nIt is safer to have preapproval before making an offer.\nThe purchase application\nYou make an offer by submitting a purchase application (買付証明書). Use it to clarify the price, deposit, financing condition, desired closing date, included fixtures, defect treatment, survey, inspection, and renovation access — the more clearly these are stated, the fewer disputes arise later. Although the purchase application is commonly nonbinding in itself, the wording and your conduct still matter, and a seller may rely on it, so do not offer casually or on a property you are not prepared to buy under those terms.\nBefore you offer\nIt is safer to have preapproval before making an offer, so you know the price is financeable and can act with credibility. Think through the conditions you need — especially the financing-condition clause that will go into the contract — before you submit, because an offer sets the frame for the negotiation and the contract that follows. If you plan to inspect or renovate, secure access rights in the offer rather than assuming them later.\nKey points to carry away: The purchase application clarifies price, deposit, financing condition, and closing date; Specify included fixtures, defect treatment, survey, inspection, and renovation access; Although commonly nonbinding in itself, the wording and conduct matter; It is safer to have preapproval before making an offer. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/making-property-offer","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-preapproval","guide:important-matters-explanation","guide:property-purchase-contract"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:important-matters-explanation:en","entityId":"guide:important-matters-explanation","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Explanation of important matters","plainText":"The explanation of important matters (重要事項説明) is delivered by a licensed transaction specialist and covers title, legal restrictions, road access, utilities, disaster information, leasehold, management, deposits, and cancellation — obtain the documents early, not minutes before signing.\nTitle, road access, zoning, hazards, utilities, cancellation, and management.\nA licensed transaction specialist explains the material facts before the contract.\nIt covers title, legal restrictions, road access, utilities, disaster info, leasehold, and management.\nIt also covers deposits, cancellation rights, and other material matters.\nObtain the documents early so you can review and ask questions, not sign under pressure.\nWhat the explanation covers\nThe explanation of important matters (重要事項説明) is a legally required disclosure delivered by a licensed real-estate transaction specialist before you enter the purchase contract. It covers title, legal restrictions, road access, utilities, disaster information, leasehold terms, building management, deposits, cancellation rights, and other material matters. This is where hidden problems — a leasehold, a non-rebuildable status, an easement, a management dispute, a hazard exposure — are supposed to surface, so read every line and ask about anything unclear.\nGet the documents early\nA common and avoidable mistake is seeing the important-matters documents for the first time immediately before signing, when there is no time to digest them or seek advice. Obtain them early — ideally days before — so you can review the details, cross-check the title and hazard information, and consult a professional if anything is complex (leasehold, non-rebuildable, or a management dispute). If the seller or broker resists giving you the documents in advance, treat that as a warning sign rather than a formality.\nKey points to carry away: A licensed transaction specialist explains the material facts before the contract; It covers title, legal restrictions, road access, utilities, disaster info, leasehold, and management; It also covers deposits, cancellation rights, and other material matters; Obtain the documents early so you can review and ask questions, not sign under pressure. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/important-matters-explanation","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-purchase-contract","guide:property-land-rights","guide:non-rebuildable-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-purchase-contract:en","entityId":"guide:property-purchase-contract","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japanese property purchase contracts","plainText":"The purchase agreement (売買契約) sets out obligations, deadlines, breach and cancellation terms, and the financing-condition clause — understand every deadline and the deposit rules, and get professional review before you sign.\nContract structure, obligations, deadlines, breach, and professional review.\nThe contract sets obligations, deadlines, breach, and cancellation terms.\nThe financing-condition clause governs whether you recover the deposit if a loan fails.\nMissing a deadline can forfeit a deposit or expose you to liquidated damages.\nHave a professional review the contract before signing.\nContract structure and obligations\nThe purchase agreement (売買契約) is the binding document that sets out the parties’ obligations, the payment and closing deadlines, the treatment of breach, and cancellation rights, alongside the financing-condition clause. Every deadline matters: the loan-application and approval deadlines, the closing date, and any deadline for exercising a cancellation right. Missing a deadline can forfeit a deposit or trigger liquidated damages, so map the dates and build in margin.\nProfessional review before signing\nDo not sign a sale contract before you understand the mortgage-condition clause and the deposit rules. The financing-condition clause determines whether the deposit is returned if specified financing fails — and only if the contract’s conditions were met. For anything unusual (leasehold, non-rebuildable, a complex title, or a large transaction), have a professional review the contract before signing. The cost of review is small next to the deposit and the price, and it is the last point at which you can catch a problem cheaply.\nKey points to carry away: The contract sets obligations, deadlines, breach, and cancellation terms; The financing-condition clause governs whether you recover the deposit if a loan fails; Missing a deadline can forfeit a deposit or expose you to liquidated damages; Have a professional review the contract before signing. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-purchase-contract","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-financing-clause","faq:loan-deposit-returned","faq:loan-earnest-money-size"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:important-matters-explanation","guide:property-deposits","guide:mortgage-financing-clause"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-deposits:en","entityId":"guide:property-deposits","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Earnest money and deposits","plainText":"Earnest money (手付金) is part of the price, not an extra cost, and is commonly around 5–10% but not universal; whether it is returned if financing fails depends on the contract’s financing-condition clause and whether its requirements were met.\nTypical structure, cancellation, financing failure, and return conditions.\nEarnest money is credited to the price at closing — not an extra cost if the deal completes.\nA common range is 5–10%, but there is no universal mandatory percentage.\nUnderstand cancellation rights, deadlines, and liquidated damages.\nThe deposit is returned on financing failure only if the financing-condition clause applied and its requirements were met.\nWhat earnest money is\nEarnest money (手付金) is a payment made at contract that is part of the purchase price, not an additional cost — it is credited to the price at closing if the deal completes. Common market practice is roughly 5–10%, but there is no universal mandatory percentage, and the amount is negotiated. Understand the cancellation rights it carries: in many contracts, up to a defined point, a buyer can cancel by forfeiting the deposit and a seller by returning double it, but deadlines and liquidated-damages terms vary.\nReturn on financing failure\nA key question for a mortgage buyer is whether the deposit is returned if the loan falls through. The answer is: only if the contract’s financing-condition clause (住宅ローン特約) applies and its requirements were met — the named lender, amount, and deadlines, and your having applied and pursued the loan in good faith. This is why the financing-condition clause must be carefully drafted and why you should not sign before you understand it. If the clause does not apply or you missed its conditions, the deposit can be at risk.\nKey points to carry away: Earnest money is credited to the price at closing — not an extra cost if the deal completes; A common range is 5–10%, but there is no universal mandatory percentage; Understand cancellation rights, deadlines, and liquidated damages; The deposit is returned on financing failure only if the financing-condition clause applied and its requirements were met. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-deposits","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-earnest-money-size","faq:loan-earnest-extra-cost","faq:loan-deposit-returned"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-purchase-contract","guide:mortgage-financing-clause","guide:property-closing-costs"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-financing-clause:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-financing-clause","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage financing clauses","plainText":"The financing-condition clause (住宅ローン特約) lets you cancel and recover the deposit if specified financing fails — but only if it names the lender and amount, sets clear deadlines, and you meet your obligation to apply in good faith.\nNamed lender, amount, deadlines, buyer obligations, and deposit risk.\nThe clause should name the lender, the amount, and the application and approval deadlines.\nIt governs whether you recover the deposit if financing fails.\nYou must meet your obligations — applying in good faith and by the deadline.\nA poorly drafted clause can leave your deposit at risk.\nWhat the clause does\nThe financing-condition clause (住宅ローン特約) is the mortgage buyer’s core protection. It allows you to cancel the contract and recover the deposit if specified financing fails under the clause. To work, it should name the lender, the amount, and the application and approval deadlines, and it should state clearly what happens to the deposit if the loan is declined. Confirm the lender, amount, application deadline, approval deadline, and refund terms before you rely on it.\nYour obligations and the deposit risk\nThe clause protects you only if you meet your obligations — chiefly applying for the named loan in good faith and by the deadline, and not causing the failure yourself (for example, by taking on new debt or changing jobs). If the clause does not apply to how the financing actually failed, or you missed a deadline, the deposit can be at risk. Because the wording is decisive, do not sign a sale contract before you understand the clause, and have it reviewed if the transaction is large or unusual.\nKey points to carry away: The clause should name the lender, the amount, and the application and approval deadlines; It governs whether you recover the deposit if financing fails; You must meet your obligations — applying in good faith and by the deadline; A poorly drafted clause can leave your deposit at risk. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-financing-clause","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-financing-clause","faq:loan-deposit-returned","faq:loan-change-jobs"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-deposits","guide:property-purchase-contract","guide:preapproval-final-approval"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:home-inspections:en","entityId":"guide:home-inspections","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Home inspections in Japan","plainText":"A registered existing-home condition inspection (建物状況調査) examines visible and measurable deterioration; the framework requires brokers to address inspection referral and disclosure, but it does not guarantee the property is defect-free, and a lender appraisal is not a structural inspection.\nExisting-home inspections, their limits, independence, reports, and warranties.\nA registered inspector examines visible and measurable deterioration of specified components.\nThe framework requires brokers to address inspection referral and disclosure.\nInspection does not guarantee the property is defect-free.\nPrefer an inspector independent of the seller and the renovation contractor.\nWhat an inspection covers\nFor a used home, commission an independent qualified inspector where practical. Under Japan’s inspection framework, a registered existing-home condition inspector (建物状況調査, an inspector under the relevant registration) examines visible and measurable deterioration of specified components. The statutory framework requires brokers to address inspection referral and disclosure, so the topic should come up in the transaction. But the inspection is a condition survey of what can be seen and measured, not a guarantee, and a lender’s appraisal is a collateral valuation, not a structural inspection.\nLimits and independence\nAn inspection does not guarantee there are no hidden defects — it reports on what is visible and measurable at the time, so structural, concealed, or intermittent problems can be missed. Prefer an inspector chosen by you and independent of the seller and any renovation contractor, so the report is not shaped by an interest in closing the sale or selling repair work. Do not waive an inspection merely because a building looks renovated; a fresh finish can hide deferred structural work.\nKey points to carry away: A registered inspector examines visible and measurable deterioration of specified components; The framework requires brokers to address inspection referral and disclosure; Inspection does not guarantee the property is defect-free; Prefer an inspector independent of the seller and the renovation contractor. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/home-inspections","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-inspection","faq:loan-inspection-guarantee","faq:loan-who-selects-inspector"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-inspection-services","guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:property-defects-warranties"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-inspection","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Existing-home condition inspection framework","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-closing-registration:en","entityId":"guide:property-closing-registration","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Closing and registration","plainText":"At closing the buyer pays the balance, the lender disburses, keys and possession transfer, and a judicial scrivener files ownership and mortgage registrations — confirm vacant possession, utilities, prorated taxes and fees, and no unexpected encumbrances.\nFinal payment, lender disbursement, keys, judicial scrivener, and registrations.\nThe buyer pays the balance and the lender disburses on the same day.\nKeys and possession transfer at closing.\nA judicial scrivener files the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations.\nConfirm vacant possession, utilities, prorated taxes/fees, and no unexpected encumbrances.\nWhat happens at closing\nClosing (決済) is the day the transaction completes. The buyer pays the balance of the price, the lender disburses the mortgage, keys and possession transfer, and a judicial scrivener (司法書士) typically files the ownership-transfer registration and the lender’s mortgage registration. These steps usually happen together, often at a bank, with the judicial scrivener confirming the paperwork before money moves. The scrivener’s role is to prepare and file the registrations and verify the closing formalities.\nWhat to confirm\nBefore and at closing, confirm vacant possession (the property is empty and yours to occupy), that utilities are arranged, that taxes and fees are correctly prorated between seller and buyer, that all documents are present, and that there are no unexpected encumbrances on the title. The judicial scrivener checks the registration side, but you should satisfy yourself on possession and the financial prorations. Once the money moves and the registrations file, the home is yours — so raise any discrepancy before, not after, disbursement.\nKey points to carry away: The buyer pays the balance and the lender disburses on the same day; Keys and possession transfer at closing; A judicial scrivener files the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations; Confirm vacant possession, utilities, prorated taxes/fees, and no unexpected encumbrances. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-closing-registration","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-judicial-scrivener","faq:loan-prorate-fixed-asset"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:judicial-scrivener-property","guide:property-registration-costs","guide:after-buying-home"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"moj-inheritance-registration","publisher":"Ministry of Justice","title":"Mandatory inheritance land registration","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-purchase-documents:en","entityId":"guide:property-purchase-documents","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Documents needed to buy property","plainText":"Expect to provide identity and residence records, income and tax documents, property documents, the purchase contract and important-matters explanation, and — especially for foreign residents — source-of-funds evidence.\nIdentity, income, tax, property, contract, and source-of-funds documents.\nIdentity and residence: residence card/My Number, resident record.\nIncome and tax: withholding slips, tax certificates, and returns for the self-employed.\nProperty and contract: purchase contract, important-matters explanation, property documents.\nSource of funds: evidence of the down payment, with translated overseas statements where required.\nThe document set\nBuying with a mortgage pulls together several document groups. Identity and residence: a residence card and My Number-related tax documents as requested, plus a resident record. Income and tax: withholding slips (源泉徴収票) and tax certificates for employees, and multiple years of tax returns for the self-employed. Property and contract: the purchase contract, the important-matters explanation, and the property documents. For a mortgage, add employment confirmation and insurance/health declarations for group credit life insurance.\nSource of funds, especially for foreign residents\nEvidence of the down payment and its source is increasingly important, and especially so for foreign residents and anyone bringing money from abroad — expect to show translated overseas bank statements where required, and be ready to explain how the funds were accumulated. Do not borrow the down payment through undisclosed consumer credit, because undisclosed borrowing is dangerous and can cause rejection or misrepresentation concerns. Keep the documents organized and consistent with what you stated at preapproval.\nKey points to carry away: Identity and residence: residence card/My Number, resident record; Income and tax: withholding slips, tax certificates, and returns for the self-employed; Property and contract: purchase contract, important-matters explanation, property documents; Source of funds: evidence of the down payment, with translated overseas statements where required. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-purchase-documents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-income-documents","faq:loan-borrow-down-payment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-income-documents","guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:mortgage-document-checklist"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:after-buying-home:en","entityId":"guide:after-buying-home","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What to do after buying a home","plainText":"After moving in, file the first-year mortgage-deduction return and any other tax claims, change your address, retain the contract and cost evidence, note defect-notification deadlines, establish a repair reserve, and review insurance annually.\nTax filings, records, insurance, repairs, address changes, and defect deadlines.\nFile the first-year mortgage-deduction return and any other tax claims.\nChange your address and update records.\nRetain the contract, important-matters explanation, and cost evidence.\nNote defect-notification deadlines, start a repair reserve, and review insurance annually.\nTax filings and records\nThe mortgage tax deduction generally requires a tax return in the first year of the claim, so file it — the credit is based on your qualifying year-end mortgage balance and is not automatic. Change your address on your resident record and with utilities, banks, and the lender. Retain the purchase contract, the important-matters explanation, invoices, registrations, loan records, and any renovation evidence; you will need this cost evidence later for capital-gains basis if you sell and for warranty or defect claims.\nDefects, reserves, and insurance\nCheck the defect-notification deadlines in your contract — for both new and used homes there are periods within which you must notify the seller of qualifying defects, and missing them can forfeit protection. Establish a repair reserve: a condominium collects one, but a house owner must self-fund an equivalent for roof, exterior, equipment, and structure. Review your fire and earthquake insurance annually, and remember earthquake cover is separate from fire cover and capped. These early habits protect the largest purchase of your life.\nKey points to carry away: File the first-year mortgage-deduction return and any other tax claims; Change your address and update records; Retain the contract, important-matters explanation, and cost evidence; Note defect-notification deadlines, start a repair reserve, and review insurance annually. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/after-buying-home","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-file-first-year","faq:loan-records-keep"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-tax-deduction","guide:property-defects-warranties","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-mortgage-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Housing-loan tax deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"gia-earthquake","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Earthquake insurance guidance","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:evaluating-used-property:en","entityId":"guide:evaluating-used-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to evaluate a used home","plainText":"Assess the earthquake standard, structural condition, maintenance history, defects, hazard exposure, legal compliance, and resale liquidity — old does not automatically mean bad, and a fresh renovation can hide deferred structural work.\nStructure, age, defects, inspection, renovations, and legal compliance.\nCheck the earthquake standard, structure, and maintenance history.\nCommission an independent inspection; a fresh finish can hide deferred work.\nConfirm legal compliance — rebuildability, road frontage, and setbacks.\nAssess hazard exposure and realistic resale liquidity.\nWhat to assess in a used home\nA used home is not automatically riskier than a new one, but it needs evaluation across several dimensions: the earthquake standard (commonly associated with permits from June 1, 1981, though building-specific structure, retrofit, foundation, soil, and maintenance still matter), the structural condition and maintenance history, defects, hazard exposure, legal compliance, and resale liquidity. A lower price than a new home is the reward for taking on a known building whose history you can inspect — the risk is in what you fail to check.\nInspection and legal compliance\nCommission an independent qualified inspector where practical, and do not waive an inspection because a building looks renovated — a fresh finish can hide deferred structural work. Confirm legal compliance separately: whether the property is rebuildable, has adequate road frontage, meets setbacks, and complies with current zoning. A non-rebuildable (再建築不可) property is much cheaper but carries severe finance, insurance, renovation, and resale limitations. Verify these facts in the important-matters explanation and with the relevant office rather than trusting the listing.\nKey points to carry away: Check the earthquake standard, structure, and maintenance history; Commission an independent inspection; a fresh finish can hide deferred work; Confirm legal compliance — rebuildability, road frontage, and setbacks; Assess hazard exposure and realistic resale liquidity. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/evaluating-used-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-avoid-pre-1981","faq:loan-inspection-guarantee"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:earthquake-standards","guide:home-inspections","guide:non-rebuildable-property","guide:property-defects-warranties"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-inspection","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Existing-home condition inspection framework","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:evaluating-condominium:en","entityId":"guide:evaluating-condominium","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to evaluate a condominium","plainText":"A condominium is only as sound as its association: check the reserve balance and funding method, arrears, the long-term repair plan and meeting minutes, planned major work, insurance, and any litigation — a low monthly fee that underfunds the reserve is a future special assessment.\nReserve fund, management, arrears, minutes, major repairs, and litigation.\nCheck the reserve balance, funding method, and whether it uses a steep step-up schedule.\nReview arrears, association borrowing, and the long-term repair plan.\nRead the meeting minutes for disputes, planned work, and governance.\nA low monthly fee that underfunds the reserve is a future special assessment.\nYou are buying into an association\nWhen you buy a condominium you buy into its association’s finances and governance, so inspect them as carefully as the unit. Check the reserve (修繕積立金) balance per square meter and the current monthly reserve, the funding method (even or sharply escalating), the long-term (30-year-plus) repair plan and its update date, the estimated next major work and any funding gap, owner arrears, association borrowing, the management-fee trend, and the concentration of commercial or absentee ownership. MLIT specifically encourages moving from step-up reserve structures toward more even funding.\nMinutes, litigation, and planned work\nRead the meeting minutes: they reveal unresolved disputes, unpopular decisions, meeting attendance, and the true state of governance. Check insurance and earthquake coverage, and any unresolved litigation. Look at planned elevator, pipe, façade, and seismic work, because those are the large costs that will hit the reserve. A low current monthly fee should not score positively if it creates future special assessments — a well-funded association with a credible plan is worth more than a cheap fee that hides a shortfall.\nKey points to carry away: Check the reserve balance, funding method, and whether it uses a steep step-up schedule; Review arrears, association borrowing, and the long-term repair plan; Read the meeting minutes for disputes, planned work, and governance; A low monthly fee that underfunds the reserve is a future special assessment. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/evaluating-condominium","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-check","faq:loan-condo-fees","faq:loan-repair-reserve","faq:loan-special-assessment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:condo-repair-reserve","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:condominium-rules","guide:condo-financial-health"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-repair-plan","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Condominium long-term repair plan guidance","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:condo-repair-reserve:en","entityId":"guide:condo-repair-reserve","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Condominium repair reserves explained","plainText":"The repair reserve (修繕積立金) funds major capital works; a low current contribution under a steep step-up plan can leave a funding gap that becomes a special assessment — MLIT encourages more even funding over sharply escalating schedules.\nMonthly contributions, step-up plans, special assessments, and the funding gap.\nThe repair reserve saves for long-term capital works; the management fee does not.\nStep-up plans start cheap and rise sharply, risking a funding gap.\nA shortfall becomes a special assessment — an extra lump-sum owner payment.\nMLIT encourages moving toward more even funding.\nWhat the reserve funds\nThe repair reserve (修繕積立金) is money accumulated for major capital repairs — roof and façade, elevators, pipes, waterproofing, and seismic work. It is distinct from the management fee (管理費), which pays for ordinary operations and is not saved for the future. When you evaluate a building, look at the reserve balance per square meter and the monthly contribution: a well-funded reserve with a credible long-term plan means the big costs are being provided for, while a thin reserve means owners will have to find the money when the work comes due.\nStep-up plans and the funding gap\nMany buildings use a step-up funding plan that starts with a low contribution and raises it sharply over time. This makes the early monthly fee look attractive, but it can create a funding gap — if the plan is not followed or costs exceed estimates, the reserve falls short and owners face a special assessment (an extra lump-sum payment) when major work is needed. MLIT specifically encourages earlier movement from step-up structures toward more even funding. When comparing buildings, treat a very low current reserve fee as a warning, not a benefit.\nKey points to carry away: The repair reserve saves for long-term capital works; the management fee does not; Step-up plans start cheap and rise sharply, risking a funding gap; A shortfall becomes a special assessment — an extra lump-sum owner payment; MLIT encourages moving toward more even funding. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/condo-repair-reserve","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-repair-reserve","faq:loan-reserve-rise","faq:loan-special-assessment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:condo-financial-health"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-repair-plan","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Condominium long-term repair plan guidance","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:earthquake-standards:en","entityId":"guide:earthquake-standards","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Understanding Japanese earthquake standards","plainText":"The major code transition is commonly associated with permits from June 1, 1981 (\"new seismic standard\"), but that is a reference regime, not a building-specific guarantee — structure, retrofit, foundation, soil, irregularity, maintenance, and documentation all still matter.\nThe 1981 transition, documentation, retrofits, and soil and structure.\nThe \"new seismic standard\" is commonly associated with permits from June 1, 1981.\nIt is a reference regime, not a building-specific guarantee.\nStructure, retrofit history, foundation, soil, and maintenance still matter.\nDo not automatically avoid all pre-1981 buildings — inspect the specifics.\nThe 1981 transition\nEarthquake compliance requires more than asking whether a building is \"new seismic.\" The major code transition is commonly associated with permits from June 1, 1981, and buildings permitted after that date generally reflect the newer standard. But this is a reference regime, not a guarantee for any specific building: the actual seismic performance depends on the structure, any retrofit history, the foundation, the soil, structural irregularity, maintenance, and the available documentation. A post-1981 building that was poorly maintained can be worse than a well-retrofitted older one.\nInspect the specifics\nDo not automatically avoid all pre-1981 buildings; instead inspect retrofit, structure, soil, maintenance, and documentation. For a condominium, review structural reports, retrofit history, the long-term repair plan, meeting minutes, reserve balance, and any planned seismic work. For a house, consider the foundation and soil and commission an inspection. The date is a starting screen, not a verdict — the goal is to understand how this particular building would actually perform and whether any needed retrofit is planned and funded.\nKey points to carry away: The \"new seismic standard\" is commonly associated with permits from June 1, 1981; It is a reference regime, not a building-specific guarantee; Structure, retrofit history, foundation, soil, and maintenance still matter; Do not automatically avoid all pre-1981 buildings — inspect the specifics. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/earthquake-standards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-new-seismic","faq:loan-avoid-pre-1981"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance","guide:hazard-maps"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-repair-plan","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Condominium long-term repair plan guidance","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-inspection","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Existing-home condition inspection framework","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:hazard-maps:en","entityId":"guide:hazard-maps","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to use Japanese hazard maps","plainText":"Official hazard maps show modeled flood, inland-flood, landslide, tsunami, storm-surge, liquefaction, and active-fault exposure — use them, but they describe scenarios and do not prove an uncolored site is risk-free, so combine them with local maps and site observation.\nFlood, inland flooding, tsunami, liquefaction, landslide, and their limitations.\nCheck flood, inland-flood, landslide, tsunami, storm-surge, and liquefaction exposure.\nHazard maps describe modeled scenarios, not guarantees.\nBeing outside a colored zone does not prove the site is safe.\nCombine official maps with local maps and on-site observation.\nWhat hazard maps show\nDisaster screening should include official flood, inland-flood, landslide, tsunami, storm-surge, liquefaction, active-fault, and evacuation information. Japan’s hazard-map portals and MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library make this data accessible for a specific address, so you can see modeled exposure before you commit. Check every relevant hazard for the site, not just the most obvious one — a property away from a river can still face inland flooding, liquefaction, or landslide risk depending on the terrain.\nTheir limitations\nHazard maps describe modeled scenarios and do not prove that an uncolored site is risk-free — the models rest on assumptions, and real events can exceed them. Being outside a colored zone is reassuring but not a guarantee, so supplement the official maps with local maps and site observation: walk the site, note the slope and drainage, look at how water would flow in heavy rain, and ask neighbors about past flooding. Use the maps as one strong input into a broader judgment, not as the final word on safety.\nKey points to carry away: Check flood, inland-flood, landslide, tsunami, storm-surge, and liquefaction exposure; Hazard maps describe modeled scenarios, not guarantees; Being outside a colored zone does not prove the site is safe; Combine official maps with local maps and on-site observation. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/hazard-maps","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-hazard-map","faq:loan-outside-hazard-zone"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:choosing-property-area","guide:earthquake-standards","guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-hazard-map","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Hazard Map Portal","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-land-rights:en","entityId":"guide:property-land-rights","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Freehold and Japanese land rights","plainText":"Freehold (所有権) is perpetual ownership subject to law and tax, but even freehold requires diligence on boundaries, road access, easements, and title — a higher acquisition price buys ownership, not freedom from these checks.\nOwnership, boundaries, roads, easements, access, and title.\nFreehold is perpetual ownership subject to law and tax.\nConfirm boundaries, road frontage, easements, and access even for freehold.\nRoad frontage and setbacks affect rebuildability and value.\nVerify the title and registered rights before purchase.\nWhat freehold gives you\nFreehold (所有権) is ownership of the land without a fixed land-lease expiry, subject to law and tax — the conventional, financeable form that most buyers want. It carries a higher acquisition price than leasehold, but it is far easier to finance and resell. Freehold is the default because a lender and a future buyer both find it straightforward, and it does not carry the ground rent, consent, and renewal complications of a land lease.\nFreehold still needs diligence\nA higher price buys ownership, not freedom from checks. Even for freehold, confirm the boundaries (a boundary dispute or an unconfirmed survey can block a sale), the road frontage and setbacks (which affect whether you can rebuild and the value), any easements or rights of way over or under the land, and the registered title. These are exactly the issues the important-matters explanation should cover, and they are where a superficially simple purchase can hide a real problem. Verify them before you buy rather than after.\nKey points to carry away: Freehold is perpetual ownership subject to law and tax; Confirm boundaries, road frontage, easements, and access even for freehold; Road frontage and setbacks affect rebuildability and value; Verify the title and registered rights before purchase. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-land-rights","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-freehold"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:freehold-vs-leasehold","guide:leasehold-property","guide:non-rebuildable-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:leasehold-property:en","entityId":"guide:leasehold-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Leasehold property in Japan","plainText":"Leasehold (借地権) is a right to use land owned by another; it lowers the entry price but adds ground rent, consent for renewal/rebuild/transfer, and finance and resale constraints — old-law and fixed-term leaseholds behave very differently, so get specialist review.\nOld-law and fixed-term rights, ground rent, consent, finance, and resale.\nLeasehold is a right to use land owned by another person.\nYou pay ground rent and typically need consent to renew, rebuild, or transfer.\nOld-law leaseholds may carry strong protections but complex valuation.\nFixed-term leaseholds end after a defined term and lose value as it shortens.\nOld-law and fixed-term leaseholds\nLeasehold (借地権) can lower the entry price in some locations, but it is a right to use land someone else owns, so you pay ground rent and typically need the landowner’s consent to renew, rebuild, or transfer. There are very different types: old-law leaseholds may carry potentially strong tenant protections but complex valuation and landlord-consent issues, while fixed-term leaseholds (定期借地権) end after a defined term, and the declining remaining term can impair value and financing as the end approaches.\nFinance, resale, and specialist review\nThe practical risks of leasehold are in financing and resale. A lender may be reluctant to finance a leasehold, especially a fixed-term one with a short remaining term, and a future buyer will weigh the same issues you should — the ground rent, the consent terms, the remaining term, and financeability. Never buy a leasehold property without specialist review of these fine-print terms. The listing price advantage is real, but so are the constraints, and they are in the land-lease agreement rather than the headline number.\nKey points to carry away: Leasehold is a right to use land owned by another person; You pay ground rent and typically need consent to renew, rebuild, or transfer; Old-law leaseholds may carry strong protections but complex valuation; Fixed-term leaseholds end after a defined term and lose value as it shortens. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/leasehold-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-leasehold","faq:loan-leasehold-bad","faq:loan-fixed-term-leasehold"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:freehold-vs-leasehold","guide:property-land-rights","guide:non-rebuildable-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:non-rebuildable-property:en","entityId":"guide:non-rebuildable-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Non-rebuildable property","plainText":"A non-rebuildable property (再建築不可) cannot ordinarily receive permission for a replacement building under current access or planning rules; it is cheap, but mainstream finance is difficult, LTV is low, and renovation, insurance, and resale are all constrained.\nRoad frontage, finance, insurance, renovation, resale, and demolition.\nIt cannot ordinarily be replaced under current road-frontage or planning rules.\nMainstream finance is difficult and LTV is often low.\nRenovation, insurance, and resale are all constrained.\nThe low price reflects severe, lasting limitations — get specialist review.\nWhat non-rebuildable means\nA non-rebuildable property (再建築不可) is one that cannot ordinarily receive permission for a replacement building under current access or planning rules — most often because it lacks adequate road frontage (the site does not meet the required width of frontage to a legal road). The existing building can usually be used and repaired, but if it is demolished or destroyed, you generally cannot build a new one. That single fact drives everything else about the property’s risk and value.\nSevere finance, insurance, and resale limits\nThe low price of a non-rebuildable property reflects severe, lasting limitations. Mainstream mortgage finance is difficult and LTV is often low, because a lender’s collateral cannot be rebuilt. Insurance and renovation are constrained, and resale is hard because a future buyer faces the same problems. Do not buy a non-rebuildable property without specialist review — occasionally there are ways to improve access or the site’s status, but they are complex and uncertain, and the default assumption should be that the limitations are permanent.\nKey points to carry away: It cannot ordinarily be replaced under current road-frontage or planning rules; Mainstream finance is difficult and LTV is often low; Renovation, insurance, and resale are all constrained; The low price reflects severe, lasting limitations — get specialist review. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/non-rebuildable-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-non-rebuildable","faq:loan-mortgage-non-rebuildable"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leasehold-property","guide:property-land-rights","guide:akiya-vacant-homes"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:akiya-vacant-homes:en","entityId":"guide:akiya-vacant-homes","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Vacant homes and akiya","plainText":"Japan had around nine million vacant homes (a 13.8% vacancy rate) in the 2023 survey, but that is not nine million bargains — many sit in weak-demand locations with title, access, or structural issues, and renovation can exceed the price.\nTitle, utilities, access, defects, renovation, and local demand.\nAbout nine million vacant homes (13.8% vacancy) in the 2023 Housing and Land Survey.\nMany are in weak-demand locations with title, access, or structural issues.\nRenovation of an old vacant house can cost more than the purchase price.\nDo full title, access, structure, utilities, and demand diligence before buying.\nNine million homes, not nine million bargains\nJapan had approximately nine million vacant homes and a 13.8% vacancy rate in the 2023 Housing and Land Survey. That headline attracts bargain-hunters, but it does not mean nine million viable investment bargains: many vacant homes are in weak-demand locations, have title, access, or structural issues, or require uneconomic renovation. A cheap or free akiya (空き家) can become expensive once you account for what it takes to make it habitable and sellable.\nDiligence before buying an akiya\nBefore buying an empty house, do full diligence on the title (heirs and unclear ownership are common), access (road frontage and rebuildability), the structure, utilities (water, drainage, and septic can be costly), renovation scope, and local demand. Hidden structural, roof, plumbing, septic, and disposal work can exceed the price, and resale can be slow or impossible in a shrinking area. An akiya can be a genuine opportunity for the right buyer in the right location, but only after this diligence — not on the strength of a low price alone.\nKey points to carry away: About nine million vacant homes (13.8% vacancy) in the 2023 Housing and Land Survey; Many are in weak-demand locations with title, access, or structural issues; Renovation of an old vacant house can cost more than the purchase price; Do full title, access, structure, utilities, and demand diligence before buying. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/akiya-vacant-homes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-vacant-house","faq:loan-vacant-cheap-renovate","faq:loan-resale-difficult"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:non-rebuildable-property","guide:renovation-costs-financing","guide:property-resale-value"]},"sources":[{"id":"stat-housing-survey","publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","title":"Housing and Land Survey","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:stigmatized-property:en","entityId":"guide:stigmatized-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Stigmatized property","plainText":"A stigmatized property (心理的瑕疵物件) is associated with a material psychological event or circumstance; it may sell at a discount, but disclosure disputes, tenant and resale resistance, and reputational risk mean you should verify the facts and disclosure rules carefully.\nDisclosure, valuation, rentals, resale, and verification.\nAssociated with a material psychological event or circumstance.\nMay sell at a discount, but carries disclosure and resale risk.\nDisclosure depends on facts, timing, transaction, and legal guidance.\nVerify the facts and the disclosure obligations before buying.\nWhat a stigmatized property is\nA stigmatized property (心理的瑕疵物件) is one associated with a material psychological event or circumstance affecting transactions — the kind of history that can make tenants or buyers hesitate regardless of the physical condition. Such a property may carry a price discount, which attracts some buyers and investors, but the discount exists precisely because the stigma affects demand, rentability, and resale.\nDisclosure and verification\nDisclosure obligations depend on the facts, the timing, the type of transaction, and legal guidance, and not every past event must be disclosed forever — the rules are nuanced. That nuance is exactly why you should verify the facts and the applicable disclosure obligations carefully, ideally with professional advice, rather than relying on an agent’s summary. Weigh the discount against disclosure disputes, tenant and resale resistance, and reputational risk, and remember that what discounts the price for you will also discount it for your future buyer.\nKey points to carry away: Associated with a material psychological event or circumstance; May sell at a discount, but carries disclosure and resale risk; Disclosure depends on facts, timing, transaction, and legal guidance; Verify the facts and the disclosure obligations before buying. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/stigmatized-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-stigmatized","faq:loan-disclose-forever"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-defects-warranties","guide:property-resale-value"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-defects-warranties:en","entityId":"guide:property-defects-warranties","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property defects and warranties","plainText":"New and used homes carry different defect protections under contract and law; the treatment, notification periods, and remedies are set by the contract and applicable rules, so read the terms, inspect, and note the deadlines within which you must notify a defect.\nNew and used protections, contract terms, inspections, and notification periods.\nNew and used homes have different defect protections.\nThe treatment and remedies are set by the contract and applicable rules.\nThere are notification periods within which you must report a qualifying defect.\nInspect before purchase; defect insurance covers specified qualifying defects.\nNew and used treatment\nDefect protections differ between new and used homes. New homes generally carry stronger statutory and contractual protections for specified structural elements, while used-home protections are more limited and depend heavily on the contract terms. In both cases, the treatment of defects (契約不適合責任, the seller’s liability for non-conformity) is set by the contract and applicable rules, so read exactly what is covered, for how long, and what remedy — repair, price reduction, or cancellation — applies.\nInspect and mind the deadlines\nInspect before purchase — an inspection reduces the risk of buying a defect you did not know about, though it does not guarantee no hidden defects. Defect insurance covers specified qualifying defects under defined conditions and can add protection. Crucially, there are notification periods within which you must report a qualifying defect to the seller; missing them can forfeit your remedy. Note these deadlines in your records after closing and act promptly if a problem appears, because the protection is time-limited.\nKey points to carry away: New and used homes have different defect protections; The treatment and remedies are set by the contract and applicable rules; There are notification periods within which you must report a qualifying defect; Inspect before purchase; defect insurance covers specified qualifying defects. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-defects-warranties","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-defect-insurance","faq:loan-inspection-guarantee"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-inspections","guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:new-vs-used-property","guide:after-buying-home"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-inspection","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Existing-home condition inspection framework","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-resale-value:en","entityId":"guide:property-resale-value","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property resale value in Japan","plainText":"Resale value depends on the land share, building age, station distance, liquidity, layout, management quality, and local demographics — many buildings depreciate in market practice, so estimate resale from transaction comparables and future buyer financeability, not from your purchase price.\nLand share, age, station, liquidity, layout, management, and demographics.\nLand share, station distance, and liquidity strongly affect resale.\nBuildings may depreciate heavily in market practice; land and location vary the outcome.\nManagement quality and demographics matter for a condominium’s resale.\nEstimate resale from transaction comparables and future financeability.\nWhat drives resale value\nResale value is driven by the land share, building age, station distance, liquidity, layout, management quality, and local demographics. In Japanese market practice, buildings may be heavily depreciated over time, but land, location, and building quality create varied outcomes — a prime-area property with a strong land component behaves very differently from an aging building in a shrinking area. Station distance strongly affects convenience, tenant demand, and resale depth in many markets, so proximity to transport is often decisive.\nEstimate from comparables, not your price\nDo not assume you can sell for what you paid. Estimate resale value from transaction comparables (MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library and REINS market data), the land share, the building condition and tenure, and — importantly — whether a future buyer will be able to finance it. A property that a lender will not finance, or one in a demographically declining area, takes longer to sell and may sell for less. For a condominium, strong association finances and management add resale value; a weak, underfunded building subtracts it.\nKey points to carry away: Land share, station distance, and liquidity strongly affect resale; Buildings may depreciate heavily in market practice; land and location vary the outcome; Management quality and demographics matter for a condominium’s resale; Estimate resale from transaction comparables and future financeability. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-resale-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-estimate-resale","faq:loan-homes-depreciate","faq:loan-station-distance","faq:loan-resale-difficult"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:tokyo-vs-regional-property","guide:selling-property-costs"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-land-survey","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Official land-price survey","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_fr4_000043.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"reins-market","publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","title":"REINS Market Information","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home:en","entityId":"guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can you rent out a mortgaged home?","plainText":"Only with lender consent and compliance with the loan, tax, insurance, and building rules — converting an owner-occupier mortgage to a rental without authorization can breach the loan, and rental income is taxable.\nLender consent, temporary transfers, investment conversion, insurance, and taxes.\nRenting out a mortgaged home needs lender consent.\nUnauthorized conversion to a rental can breach the loan, insurance, and building rules.\nA temporary transfer (e.g. a work posting) may be treated differently from a permanent move.\nRental income is taxable and fire insurance may need to change.\nLender consent is required\nYou can rent out a mortgaged home only with lender consent and compliance with the loan, tax, insurance, and building rules. An owner-occupier mortgage is priced and underwritten on the basis that you live there, so moving out and renting long-term without authorization may breach the loan agreement, the fire-insurance terms, and possibly condominium bylaws or zoning. A temporary transfer — for example a fixed-term work posting — may be treated differently from a permanent move, and some lenders have procedures for this, but you must ask rather than assume.\nInsurance, tax, and conversion\nRenting changes more than the loan. Fire insurance for an owner-occupied home may not cover a rental, so the policy may need to change. Rental income is taxable and must generally be reported, with allowable expenses, depreciation, and interest treated under the real-estate-income rules — principal is not a deductible expense. If the plan is to convert permanently to an investment property, that is properly financed with an investment-property loan, not an owner-occupier mortgage. Notify the lender, insurer, tax authorities, and building manager rather than quietly renting out.\nKey points to carry away: Renting out a mortgaged home needs lender consent; Unauthorized conversion to a rental can breach the loan, insurance, and building rules; A temporary transfer (e.g. a work posting) may be treated differently from a permanent move; Rental income is taxable and fire insurance may need to change. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/renting-out-mortgaged-home","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-rent-out-mortgaged","faq:loan-move-overseas","faq:loan-leave-vacant"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:investment-property-loans","guide:minpaku-homeowners","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:rental-property-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-mortgage-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Housing-loan tax deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:minpaku-homeowners:en","entityId":"guide:minpaku-homeowners","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Airbnb and minpaku rules for homeowners","plainText":"Short-term rental (minpaku) is generally limited to 180 days per year nationally, municipalities can restrict it further, and condominium bylaws may prohibit it entirely — plus your mortgage, insurer, and zoning must all permit it.\nMortgage restrictions, condo bylaws, zoning, insurance, and registration.\nThe national private-lodging framework generally limits qualifying lodging to 180 days per year.\nMunicipalities can impose further restrictions.\nCondominium bylaws may prohibit minpaku even where law permits it.\nYour mortgage, insurance, and zoning must all allow it.\nThe layers of permission\nRunning minpaku (民泊) from your home requires several layers of permission to align. Under the national private-lodging framework, qualifying residential lodging is generally limited to 180 days per year, while municipalities can impose further restrictions through ordinances. On top of that, condominium bylaws may prohibit minpaku entirely even where national and local law permit it, and your mortgage terms, fire insurance, and the property’s zoning must all allow the use. If any one layer says no, you cannot lawfully operate.\nComply before you list\nThe 180-day national ceiling does not override municipal or condominium restrictions, so do not assume you can always run 180 days. Before listing a property, confirm the national registration requirement, the municipal ordinance, the condominium bylaws, your lender’s and insurer’s permission, and the zoning. Operating minpaku in breach of these can lead to penalties, a loan breach, insurance problems, and disputes with the building. Treat compliance as the first step, not an afterthought, and keep the registration and permissions on file.\nKey points to carry away: The national private-lodging framework generally limits qualifying lodging to 180 days per year; Municipalities can impose further restrictions; Condominium bylaws may prohibit minpaku even where law permits it; Your mortgage, insurance, and zoning must all allow it. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/minpaku-homeowners","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-airbnb-condo","faq:loan-180-days"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home","guide:condominium-rules","guide:property-investment-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-minpaku","publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","title":"Private-lodging (minpaku) portal","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:condominium-rules:en","entityId":"guide:condominium-rules","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Condominium association rules","plainText":"Condominium bylaws govern pets, interior renovations, rentals, business and minpaku use, parking, and voting — you cannot freely alter common elements like windows, and the rules can restrict how you use and profit from your unit.\nPets, renovations, rentals, business use, minpaku, parking, and voting.\nBylaws govern pets, renovations, rentals, business use, minpaku, parking, and voting.\nCommon elements such as windows often cannot be altered freely.\nRules can restrict renting, business use, and minpaku.\nReview the bylaws before buying, not after.\nWhat the bylaws govern\nCondominium bylaws (管理規約) shape daily life and your rights as an owner. They govern pets, renovations, rentals, business use, minpaku, parking, and voting, among other things. Importantly, you cannot renovate any condominium interior freely: structural and common-element rules apply, and elements like windows are often common elements with restricted alteration, so you may not be able to replace them yourself. Pets are allowed only if the building rules permit them and within specified limits.\nReview the bylaws before buying\nThe bylaws can restrict how you use and profit from your unit — renting it out, running a business from it, or operating minpaku may all be limited or prohibited, and these restrictions bind you regardless of what national or local law allows. Review the bylaws and recent meeting minutes before buying, so you know the pet policy, renovation constraints, rental and business rules, minpaku stance, and how decisions are made. A rule you discover after purchase can defeat your entire plan for the property.\nKey points to carry away: Bylaws govern pets, renovations, rentals, business use, minpaku, parking, and voting; Common elements such as windows often cannot be altered freely; Rules can restrict renting, business use, and minpaku; Review the bylaws before buying, not after. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/condominium-rules","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-renovate-condo","faq:loan-replace-windows","faq:loan-pets","faq:loan-airbnb-condo"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:minpaku-homeowners","guide:condominium-management-fees"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-repair-plan","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Condominium long-term repair plan guidance","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-minpaku","publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","title":"Private-lodging (minpaku) portal","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property:en","entityId":"guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How much cash do you need to buy property?","plainText":"You need far more than the down payment: budget the down payment plus roughly 6–10% of the price in closing costs, an emergency and repair reserve, and moving and immediate work — a ¥60 million used condo can need ¥11.8–15.8 million in cash.\nDown payment plus fees, reserves, moving, and repairs — the real cash target.\nYou need the down payment plus roughly 6–10% of the price in closing costs.\nAdd an emergency and repair reserve of at least ¥1.5–3 million.\nInclude moving, immediate work, and prorated taxes and insurance.\nA ¥60 million used condo can need ¥11.8–15.8 million in cash; a ¥50 million new condo ¥8.8–13.0 million.\nThe real cash target\nBuying requires substantially more cash than the down payment. On top of it, budget brokerage, loan fees, registration, taxes, insurance, deposits, repairs, moving, and reserves — which together commonly add several million yen. A useful rule is the down payment plus roughly 6–10% of the price in closing costs, plus an emergency and repair reserve. Do not use all your savings for the down payment; you need liquidity for the fees, the first repairs, and life.\nTwo worked examples\nExample A — a ¥60 million used condominium with 10% down: ¥6 million down, plus a maximum-style brokerage estimate of about ¥2.046 million, a 2.20% mortgage fee of ¥1.188 million, ¥0.5–0.9 million registration and judicial-scrivener costs, ¥80,000–200,000 inspection and appraisal, ¥200,000–500,000 stamp/insurance/prorations, up to ¥500,000+ acquisition tax after relief, ¥300,000–1.5 million moving and immediate work, and a ¥1.5–3 million reserve — a practical cash target of about ¥11.8–15.8 million.\nExample B — a ¥50 million new developer-sold condominium with no buyer brokerage: ¥5 million down (10%), a 2.20% fee on ¥45 million of ¥990,000, ¥0.4–0.8 million registration and scrivener, ¥150,000–400,000 initial management/repair payments and prorations, ¥250,000–800,000 insurance/stamp/moving, ¥500,000–2 million options and furnishings, and a ¥1.5–3 million reserve — a practical cash target of about ¥8.8–13.0 million. These are planning estimates; assessed values, relief, and fee models can change them.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/cash-needed-to-buy-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-fees-outside-price","faq:loan-all-savings-down"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-closing-costs","guide:property-purchase-cost","guide:down-payment-comparison","guide:property-budget"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"tokyo-acquisition-tax","publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","title":"Real-estate acquisition tax","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shitsumon/fudosan/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-closing-costs:en","entityId":"guide:property-closing-costs","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property closing costs in Japan","plainText":"Closing costs commonly run about 6–10% of the price: brokerage, mortgage origination and guarantee fees, registration and license tax, judicial-scrivener fees, stamp duty, acquisition tax, insurance, and prorations — with new developer purchases often skipping buyer brokerage.\nA full transaction-cost inventory, and how new and used purchases differ.\nClosing costs commonly total about 6–10% of the price.\nBrokerage, mortgage fees, registration, and taxes are the big items.\nNew developer purchases bought directly often carry no buyer brokerage.\nSome costs (acquisition tax) arrive after closing, not at it.\nThe transaction-cost inventory\nClosing costs (諸費用) commonly run about 6–10% of the price and include: the down payment and earnest money (part of the price); brokerage fee (subject to a statutory maximum); mortgage origination fee (frequently 2.20%) and any guarantee fee; appraisal and inspection; stamp duty on the contract; registration and license tax at closing; judicial-scrivener fees; fire and earthquake insurance; and prorated taxes and fees. Some costs come later — real-estate acquisition tax is assessed after acquisition — so plan for both closing cash and later tax cash.\nHow new and used differ\nNew and used purchases differ in the cost mix. A used home bought through a broker carries a brokerage fee (up to the statutory maximum), while a new developer property bought directly from the seller often carries no buyer brokerage — confirm the transaction structure, because it materially changes the total. New homes may carry different initial management and repair-reserve payments and developer options; used homes may carry inspection and immediate-repair costs. Build the full inventory for the specific property rather than assuming a flat percentage, and separate closing cash from later tax cash.\nKey points to carry away: Closing costs commonly total about 6–10% of the price; Brokerage, mortgage fees, registration, and taxes are the big items; New developer purchases bought directly often carry no buyer brokerage; Some costs (acquisition tax) arrive after closing, not at it. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-closing-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fees-outside-price","faq:loan-developer-brokerage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees","guide:property-registration-costs","guide:property-purchase-cost"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"tokyo-acquisition-tax","publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","title":"Real-estate acquisition tax","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shitsumon/fudosan/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-registration-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Registration and license tax table (登録免許税)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7191.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees:en","entityId":"guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Real-estate brokerage fees","plainText":"Brokerage commission is subject to a statutory maximum that depends on the price and transaction; for conventional prices it is commonly the permitted simplified formula plus consumption tax, and a new developer property bought directly often carries no buyer brokerage.\nThe maximum fee structure, consumption tax, no-brokerage situations, and conflicts.\nCommission has a statutory maximum based on price and transaction.\nFor conventional prices it is commonly the simplified formula plus consumption tax.\nA new developer property bought directly often has no buyer brokerage.\nAsk who the broker represents — the listing broker may depend on the seller.\nThe maximum fee structure\nBrokerage commission (仲介手数料) is compensation paid to a licensed broker, subject to a statutory maximum that depends on the price and the transaction. For conventional prices it is commonly calculated using the permitted simplified formula — a percentage of the price within brackets — plus consumption tax. The maximum is a ceiling, not a fixed price, so it can in principle be negotiated, though practice varies. Ask for the calculation in writing so you can check it against the statutory maximum.\nNo-brokerage situations and conflicts\nNew developer properties bought directly from the seller often carry no buyer brokerage, so confirm the transaction structure before assuming a fee. Watch for conflicts: the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller, and dual agency or direct dealing can misalign incentives. Ask who the broker represents and whether they are acting for both sides. Verify the license before paying anything, and remember that a broker introducing you to a bank does not prove the loan is affordable — that is your judgment.\nKey points to carry away: Commission has a statutory maximum based on price and transaction; For conventional prices it is commonly the simplified formula plus consumption tax; A new developer property bought directly often has no buyer brokerage; Ask who the broker represents — the listing broker may depend on the seller. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/real-estate-brokerage-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-brokerage-commission","faq:loan-developer-brokerage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:real-estate-agents-japan","guide:property-closing-costs","guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-fees:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage origination and guarantee fees","plainText":"Mortgage fees follow two models: a percentage origination fee (frequently 2.20% — ¥1.10 million on ¥50 million) with no guarantee fee, or a guarantee-company model charged upfront, rate-loaded, or waived for a higher origination fee — compare the total over your holding period.\nThe 2.20% model, the guarantee-company model, rate-loaded fees, and holding period.\nThe percentage model charges a 2.20% origination fee and often no guarantee fee.\nThe guarantee-company model may charge upfront, load the rate, or be absent.\n\"No guarantee fee\" can mean a higher percentage fee or a rate-loaded cost.\nA short holding period changes which model is cheaper.\nThe two fee models\nJapanese mortgages generally use one of two fee models. The percentage model charges an origination fee — frequently 2.20% of principal, which is ¥1.10 million on a ¥50 million loan — and often has no separate guarantee fee. The guarantee-company model involves a guarantee company that screens you and can be charged upfront (a lump sum), loaded into the rate (a slightly higher rate), or waived in exchange for a higher origination fee. Because each model can hide cost elsewhere, compare the total of fees plus interest, not just the label.\nThe holding period changes the answer\nThe holding period matters. A large upfront fee (like a 2.20% origination fee) is spread over the years you hold the loan, so for a long hold it can be worth a slightly lower rate, while for a short hold — if you sell or refinance in a few years — a low-fee, slightly-higher-rate product can be cheaper because you never recoup the big fee. Calculate the internal cost over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, and check any early-repayment charge, which matters most for a short holding period.\nKey points to carry away: The percentage model charges a 2.20% origination fee and often no guarantee fee; The guarantee-company model may charge upfront, load the rate, or be absent; \"No guarantee fee\" can mean a higher percentage fee or a rate-loaded cost; A short holding period changes which model is cheaper. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-total-cost","faq:loan-what-guarantee-company"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-fees-comparison","guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","guide:collateral-guarantee-companies"]},"sources":[{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-registration-costs:en","entityId":"guide:property-registration-costs","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property registration costs","plainText":"Registration and license tax (登録免許税) is charged on the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations, based on the assessed value or secured amount and any applicable relief, plus the judicial scrivener’s professional fee and disbursements.\nOwnership transfer, mortgage registration, assessed values, and relief.\nRegistration and license tax applies to ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations.\nIt is based on the assessed value or secured amount and any relief.\nThe judicial scrivener charges a professional fee plus tax and disbursements.\nResidential relief measures can reduce the tax for qualifying homes.\nRegistration and license tax\nRegistration and license tax (登録免許税) is a tax imposed on specified registrations — chiefly the ownership-transfer registration when you buy and the mortgage registration when you borrow. It is based on the assessed value of the property or the secured amount of the loan, with rates set by law and residential relief measures that can reduce the tax for qualifying homes. Because it is based on assessed value rather than the price you paid, the amount can differ from a simple percentage of the purchase price.\nThe judicial scrivener’s fee\nThe registrations are filed by a judicial scrivener (司法書士), who charges a professional fee on top of the tax and disbursements. The lender or broker may nominate a scrivener; you can ask whether the selection is mandatory. Budget both the registration and license tax and the scrivener’s fee as part of your closing costs, and ask for an estimate in advance so the figure does not surprise you at closing. Relief measures change periodically, so confirm the current rules for your property and occupancy.\nKey points to carry away: Registration and license tax applies to ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations; It is based on the assessed value or secured amount and any relief; The judicial scrivener charges a professional fee plus tax and disbursements; Residential relief measures can reduce the tax for qualifying homes. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-registration-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-registration-tax","faq:loan-judicial-scrivener"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:judicial-scrivener-property","guide:property-closing-costs","guide:property-closing-registration"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-registration-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Registration and license tax table (登録免許税)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7191.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:judicial-scrivener-property:en","entityId":"guide:judicial-scrivener-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What does a judicial scrivener do?","plainText":"A judicial scrivener (司法書士) prepares and files the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations and verifies the closing formalities, charging a professional fee plus tax and disbursements; the lender may nominate one, and you can ask whether the selection is mandatory.\nThe registration role, lender nomination, fees, documents, and closing.\nPrepares and files the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations.\nVerifies the closing formalities before money moves.\nCharges a professional fee plus tax and disbursements.\nThe lender or broker may nominate one; ask whether it is mandatory.\nThe registration role\nA judicial scrivener (司法書士) is the professional who prepares and files property registrations — the ownership-transfer registration when the property changes hands and the lender’s mortgage registration when you borrow. At closing, the scrivener verifies the documents and the closing formalities before the money moves, which protects both buyer and lender by confirming that title will transfer cleanly and the mortgage will be properly registered. This role is why closing typically happens with the scrivener present, often at a bank.\nFees and lender nomination\nThe scrivener charges a professional fee plus the registration and license tax and disbursements, all of which fall in your closing costs. The lender or broker may nominate a particular scrivener, especially because the lender wants its mortgage registered correctly; you can ask whether the selection is mandatory or whether you may use your own. Ask for a fee estimate in advance, and keep the registration records after closing — you will need them for future dealings with the property.\nKey points to carry away: Prepares and files the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations; Verifies the closing formalities before money moves; Charges a professional fee plus tax and disbursements; The lender or broker may nominate one; ask whether it is mandatory. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/judicial-scrivener-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-judicial-scrivener"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-registration-costs","guide:property-closing-registration","guide:property-registration-services"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"moj-inheritance-registration","publisher":"Ministry of Justice","title":"Mandatory inheritance land registration","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:real-estate-acquisition-tax:en","entityId":"guide:real-estate-acquisition-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Real-estate acquisition tax","plainText":"Real-estate acquisition tax (不動産取得税) is a prefectural tax assessed after you acquire property, based on the assessed value; residential relief can materially reduce it, and rates and procedures vary by prefecture — for Tokyo residential property it is generally 3% after valuation deductions.\nTax timing, valuation, residential relief, and prefectural variation.\nA prefectural tax assessed after acquisition, based on the assessed value.\nResidential relief can materially reduce it.\nFor Tokyo residential property it is generally 3% after valuation deductions and land relief.\nRates and filing procedures vary by prefecture.\nTiming and valuation\nReal-estate acquisition tax (不動産取得税) is a prefectural tax assessed after you acquire property, not at closing — so it arrives as a separate bill some time after you buy, and you should reserve cash for it. It is based on the assessed value of the property (a value set for tax purposes), not the price you paid. Because it comes later, it is easy to forget when budgeting, so include it in your \"later tax cash\" alongside closing cash.\nResidential relief and prefectural variation\nResidential relief can materially reduce the tax for qualifying homes — for Tokyo, residential real-estate acquisition tax is generally calculated at 3% after applicable valuation deductions and land relief, while nonresidential property uses a different rate. Filing and relief procedures vary by prefecture, so confirm the rules where the property is located and whether you must file to claim the relief. The reliefs are conditional, so check that your property and use qualify before assuming the reduced figure.\nKey points to carry away: A prefectural tax assessed after acquisition, based on the assessed value; Residential relief can materially reduce it; For Tokyo residential property it is generally 3% after valuation deductions and land relief; Rates and filing procedures vary by prefecture. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/real-estate-acquisition-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-acquisition-tax"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-asset-tax","guide:property-closing-costs","guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyo-acquisition-tax","publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","title":"Real-estate acquisition tax","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shitsumon/fudosan/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-property-sale","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Capital gains on selling land or buildings (譲渡所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-asset-tax:en","entityId":"guide:fixed-asset-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fixed-asset and city-planning tax","plainText":"Fixed-asset tax (固定資産税) is an annual municipal tax based on the assessed value, and city-planning tax (都市計画税) applies within designated urban-planning areas; at closing the year’s tax is commonly prorated economically between seller and buyer by contract.\nAnnual liability, assessed value, prorations, and budgeting.\nFixed-asset tax is an annual municipal tax based on the assessed value.\nCity-planning tax applies within designated urban-planning areas.\nAt closing the year’s tax is commonly prorated economically by contract.\nBudget it as a recurring annual ownership cost.\nThe annual cost of ownership\nFixed-asset tax (固定資産税) is an annual local tax based on the assessed value of the property, billed by the municipality — it is a recurring cost of ownership, not a one-time purchase cost. Within designated urban-planning areas, an additional city-planning tax (都市計画税) applies. Together these are a meaningful yearly outflow that you should build into your monthly housing budget from the start, alongside insurance, management and repair-reserve fees (for a condominium), and maintenance.\nProration at closing\nLegal liability for the year’s fixed-asset tax follows statutory rules (the owner as of a set date), but at closing the seller and buyer commonly prorate the tax economically by contract, so each effectively pays for the portion of the year they own the property. Confirm how the proration is handled in your contract so the figure at closing is not a surprise. After purchase, budget the full annual tax each year, and remember the assessed value — and therefore the tax — can change over time.\nKey points to carry away: Fixed-asset tax is an annual municipal tax based on the assessed value; City-planning tax applies within designated urban-planning areas; At closing the year’s tax is commonly prorated economically by contract; Budget it as a recurring annual ownership cost. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/fixed-asset-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fixed-asset-tax","faq:loan-city-planning-tax","faq:loan-prorate-fixed-asset"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:real-estate-acquisition-tax","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyo-fixed-asset-tax","publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","title":"Fixed-asset tax and city-planning tax","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-tax-deduction:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-tax-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage tax deduction","plainText":"The housing-loan deduction is an income-tax credit based on your qualifying year-end mortgage balance (a 0.7% framework); the 2026 rules extend qualifying occupancy from 2026–2030, with a ¥20 million income ceiling and floor-area, energy, and occupancy conditions — file a return in the first year.\nEligibility, occupancy, property standards, first-year filing, and annual changes.\nAn income-tax credit based on the qualifying year-end mortgage balance (0.7% framework).\nThe 2026 rules extend qualifying occupancy from 2026 through 2030.\nThe general income ceiling is ¥20 million, with floor-area and energy conditions.\nFile a tax return in the first year to claim it.\nHow the deduction works\nThe mortgage tax deduction (住宅ローン減税) is an income-tax credit based on your qualifying year-end mortgage balance and conditions, under a 0.7% framework. Japan’s 2026 reform extended the deduction for five years for qualifying occupancy from 2026 through 2030, expanded treatment for qualifying energy-efficient existing homes, and extended certain existing-home deductions to 13 years. The balance ceiling, floor-area test, household addition, energy category, disaster-zone rule, income ceiling, and period must be checked for your specific property and occupancy year, because the rules are detailed and change annually.\nEligibility and first-year filing\nEligibility is not automatic. The general applicable-income ceiling is ¥20 million, with stricter conditions for some 40–50 square meter homes, and not every new home qualifies — energy, floor-area, occupancy, and other rules apply, though a used home can qualify and 2026 reforms expanded treatment for qualifying efficient existing homes. You generally must file a tax return in the first year to claim the credit; in later years an employee may claim it through year-end adjustment. Because the details shift annually, confirm the current rules for your occupancy year with the National Tax Agency or a tax accountant.\nKey points to carry away: An income-tax credit based on the qualifying year-end mortgage balance (0.7% framework); The 2026 rules extend qualifying occupancy from 2026 through 2030; The general income ceiling is ¥20 million, with floor-area and energy conditions; File a tax return in the first year to claim it. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-tax-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-tax-deduction","faq:loan-deduction-automatic","faq:loan-deduction-income-limit","faq:loan-file-first-year"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:early-repayment","guide:after-buying-home","guide:mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-mortgage-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Housing-loan tax deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nta-mortgage-credit","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Housing-loan tax credit (住宅借入金等特別控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance:en","entityId":"guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fire and earthquake insurance for homeowners","plainText":"Lenders generally require adequate fire insurance; earthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance, is generally 30–50% of the fire amount (capped at ¥50 million building / ¥10 million contents), and is recovery-oriented — ordinary fire insurance does not cover earthquake-caused fire.\nMortgage requirements, building and contents, exclusions, and earthquake limits.\nLenders generally require adequate fire insurance on the building.\nEarthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance and is capped.\nEarthquake cover is generally 30–50% of the fire amount (¥50M building / ¥10M contents).\nOrdinary fire insurance does not cover earthquake-caused fire.\nFire insurance and the lender requirement\nLenders generally require adequate fire insurance on the building as a condition of the mortgage, because the building is their collateral. Fire insurance covers building and contents against specified perils, but read the exclusions carefully — notably, ordinary fire insurance generally does not cover earthquake-caused fire. You can often buy through the lender or an agent, but compare external quotes and commissions where permitted, since a bundled policy is not automatically the cheapest or best-fitting cover.\nEarthquake insurance and its limits\nEarthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance — you cannot buy it standalone. Its insured amount is generally 30–50% of the corresponding fire-insurance amount, capped at ¥50 million for the building and ¥10 million for household contents, and it is designed to support recovery rather than guarantee complete reconstruction. So it will not rebuild your entire home; it helps you restart. A condominium owner should consider cover for the unit and contents while checking the association’s cover for common elements. In an earthquake-prone country, the separate earthquake cover is worth serious consideration despite its caps.\nKey points to carry away: Lenders generally require adequate fire insurance on the building; Earthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance and is capped; Earthquake cover is generally 30–50% of the fire amount (¥50M building / ¥10M contents); Ordinary fire insurance does not cover earthquake-caused fire. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/home-fire-earthquake-insurance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fire-insurance-mandatory","faq:loan-fire-earthquake-fire","faq:loan-earthquake-rebuild","faq:loan-condo-earthquake","faq:loan-bundle-insurance"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:earthquake-standards","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:property-insurance-providers"]},"sources":[{"id":"gia-earthquake","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Earthquake insurance guidance","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"sonpo-earthquake","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Earthquake insurance guide","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:condominium-management-fees:en","entityId":"guide:condominium-management-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Condominium management fees","plainText":"The management fee (管理費) pays for ordinary shared operations and is not saved for major repairs — that is the separate repair reserve; watch the fee trend and owner arrears, because both signal the health of the building’s finances.\nWhat they fund, what they do not fund, trends, and arrears.\nThe management fee funds ordinary shared operations — cleaning, security, utilities for common areas.\nIt is not saved for major repairs; the repair reserve handles those.\nWatch the fee trend and owner arrears as signals of financial health.\nA very low fee can mean under-provision, not efficiency.\nWhat the management fee funds\nThe management fee (管理費) pays for the ordinary shared operations of the building — cleaning, security, utilities for common areas, day-to-day management, and minor upkeep. Crucially, it is an operating cost, not money saved for major repairs: the repair reserve (修繕積立金) is the fund for long-term capital works. Confusing the two leads owners to think a building is well-funded when only its operating budget is covered and its repair reserve is thin.\nTrends and arrears\nWhen you evaluate a building, watch the management-fee trend and owner arrears. A rising fee can reflect real cost increases or a building catching up on under-provision; persistent arrears mean some owners are not paying, which strains the budget and can foreshadow deeper governance problems. A very low fee is not automatically a benefit — it can mean the building under-provides for its common areas. Read the accounts and minutes alongside the fee, and judge the fee in the context of the repair reserve and the building’s overall financial health.\nKey points to carry away: The management fee funds ordinary shared operations — cleaning, security, utilities for common areas; It is not saved for major repairs; the repair reserve handles those; Watch the fee trend and owner arrears as signals of financial health; A very low fee can mean under-provision, not efficiency. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/condominium-management-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-fees","faq:loan-repair-reserve"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:condo-repair-reserve","guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:condominium-rules"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-repair-plan","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Condominium long-term repair plan guidance","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:house-maintenance-costs:en","entityId":"guide:house-maintenance-costs","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"House maintenance costs","plainText":"A house owner bears roof, exterior, structure, drainage, equipment, and termite costs directly and unevenly over time, so self-fund a private maintenance reserve — the equivalent of a condominium’s repair reserve, but which no one collects for you.\nRoof, exterior, equipment, drainage, termite, and a private reserve.\nA house owner directly bears roof, exterior, structure, drainage, equipment, and termite costs.\nThese costs land unevenly over time — some years are cheap, some are expensive.\nSelf-fund a private maintenance reserve; no one collects one for you.\nPlan a maintenance schedule rather than reacting to failures.\nThe costs a house owner bears\nUnlike a condominium owner, a house owner has no association collecting a repair reserve — you bear the roof, exterior, structure, drainage, equipment, and termite costs directly. These land unevenly: some years you spend little, and then a roof, exterior repaint, or drainage or termite job arrives as a large single cost. The freedom of a house (no management fee, full control) comes with the responsibility of funding and scheduling all of this yourself.\nFund a private reserve and plan a schedule\nSelf-fund a private maintenance reserve — set aside money each month as a condominium would, so a big repair does not become a crisis. Plan a maintenance schedule rather than reacting to failures: know roughly when the roof, exterior, water heater, and other equipment will need attention, and budget ahead. Regular small maintenance often prevents larger costs later. Treat the private reserve as a non-negotiable part of owning a house, not an optional extra, because deferred maintenance compounds into expensive structural problems.\nKey points to carry away: A house owner directly bears roof, exterior, structure, drainage, equipment, and termite costs; These costs land unevenly over time — some years are cheap, some are expensive; Self-fund a private maintenance reserve; no one collects one for you; Plan a maintenance schedule rather than reacting to failures. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/house-maintenance-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-emergency-cash-owner"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:house-vs-condominium","guide:renovation-costs-financing","guide:homeownership-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:renovation-costs-financing:en","entityId":"guide:renovation-costs-financing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Renovation costs and financing","plainText":"Define the scope, get scope-aligned bids with drawings and exclusions, hold a contingency, and finance with a mortgage-secured or purchase-plus-renovation loan where possible — and avoid over-improving beyond what the local market will pay.\nScope, bids, contingencies, renovation loans, and over-improvement.\nDefine the scope and get bids aligned to it, with drawings and clear exclusions.\nHold a contingency for the surprises an old building often hides.\nMortgage-secured or purchase-plus-renovation financing is cheaper than unsecured.\nAvoid over-improving beyond what the local market will pay.\nScope, bids, and contingency\nStart by defining the scope precisely, then obtain scope-aligned bids that include drawings, clear exclusions, a warranty, license verification, and a payment schedule tied to milestones — do not accept a renovation quote without those. Hold a contingency, because opening up an older building often reveals hidden structural, plumbing, or electrical work that was not visible at bidding. A contingency turns a nasty surprise into a planned cost rather than a crisis.\nFinancing and over-improvement\nWhere possible, finance renovation with a mortgage-secured or purchase-plus-renovation loan rather than an unsecured renovation loan, which is usually more expensive. Weigh the cost of the work against a realistic estimate of the value it adds: essential repairs and value-preserving improvements protect the home, but highly personalized finishes or work that costs more than the local market will pay may not be recovered on resale. Over-improvement is a common, avoidable mistake — especially if you may sell within a few years.\nKey points to carry away: Define the scope and get bids aligned to it, with drawings and clear exclusions; Hold a contingency for the surprises an old building often hides; Mortgage-secured or purchase-plus-renovation financing is cheaper than unsecured; Avoid over-improving beyond what the local market will pay. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/renovation-costs-financing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-renovation-increase-value","faq:loan-renovation-in-mortgage","faq:loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:renovation-loans","guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:renovation-services"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:selling-property-costs:en","entityId":"guide:selling-property-costs","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Costs of selling property","plainText":"Selling reduces your net proceeds through brokerage commission, mortgage release and registration, legal costs, any repairs, and capital-gains tax — so calculate net proceeds after all of these, not the headline sale price.\nBrokerage, mortgage release, legal costs, repairs, tax, and net proceeds.\nBrokerage commission on the sale reduces proceeds.\nReleasing the mortgage and registration has costs.\nRepairs, legal costs, and capital-gains tax further reduce net proceeds.\nCalculate net proceeds, not the headline sale price.\nWhat reduces your proceeds\nSelling is not free. Brokerage commission on the sale (subject to the statutory maximum), the cost of releasing the existing mortgage and the associated registration, legal and judicial-scrivener costs, any repairs needed to sell, and capital-gains tax all reduce your net proceeds. A sale that looks profitable on the headline price can be much thinner once these are counted, and if you still owe more than the net proceeds, you must cover the shortfall to clear the mortgage.\nCalculate net proceeds\nWork out net proceeds — the sale price minus all selling costs, the outstanding mortgage, and the capital-gains tax on any taxable gain — before you decide to sell or set an asking price. A qualifying principal-residence sale may access a capital-gains deduction of up to ¥30 million subject to conditions, which can materially change the tax, so factor that in. The number that matters for your decision is what actually lands in your account, not the price on the listing.\nKey points to carry away: Brokerage commission on the sale reduces proceeds; Releasing the mortgage and registration has costs; Repairs, legal costs, and capital-gains tax further reduce net proceeds; Calculate net proceeds, not the headline sale price. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/selling-property-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-selling-tax","faq:loan-30-million-deduction"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-capital-gains-tax","guide:property-resale-value","guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-home-sale-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"¥30 million home-sale special deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3302.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nta-property-sale","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Capital gains on selling land or buildings (譲渡所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-capital-gains-tax:en","entityId":"guide:property-capital-gains-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Capital-gains tax on property","plainText":"Capital-gains tax applies to the taxable gain after allowable basis, costs, and relief — not the gross price; sale price minus purchase price is not necessarily the gain, because depreciation and transaction costs affect basis, and a principal-residence sale may access a ¥30 million deduction.\nBasis, allowable costs, holding period, and principal-residence relief.\nTax applies to the taxable gain after basis, allowable costs, and relief — not the gross price.\nDepreciation and transaction costs affect the basis and the gain.\nThe holding period affects the applicable treatment.\nA qualifying principal-residence sale may access a ¥30 million deduction.\nHow the taxable gain works\nCapital-gains tax (譲渡所得) applies to the taxable gain after the allowable basis, costs, and relief — not the gross sale price. Sale price minus purchase price is not necessarily the taxable gain: depreciation reduces the basis (especially for a property that was rented and depreciated), and allowable transaction costs on both purchase and sale affect the calculation. The holding period matters too, because a separate reduced-rate provision may apply to certain long-held residences. Keep the purchase contract, cost evidence, and renovation records, because you need them to establish the basis.\nPrincipal-residence relief\nA qualifying principal residence sold at a gain may be eligible for a deduction of up to ¥30 million from the taxable capital gain, subject to detailed conditions and interactions with other relief, and a separate reduced-rate provision may apply to certain long-held residences. These reliefs can materially change or eliminate the tax, but they are conditional and can interact with the mortgage deduction and restricted years, so obtain tax advice. Do not assume the relief applies — confirm your eligibility for your specific sale and year with a tax accountant or the National Tax Agency.\nKey points to carry away: Tax applies to the taxable gain after basis, allowable costs, and relief — not the gross price; Depreciation and transaction costs affect the basis and the gain; The holding period affects the applicable treatment; A qualifying principal-residence sale may access a ¥30 million deduction. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-capital-gains-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-selling-tax","faq:loan-sale-price-minus-purchase","faq:loan-30-million-deduction"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:selling-property-costs","guide:rental-property-tax","guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-property-sale","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Capital gains on selling land or buildings (譲渡所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-home-sale-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"¥30 million home-sale special deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3302.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rental-property-tax:en","entityId":"guide:rental-property-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rental-income tax for property owners","plainText":"Net rental income is generally taxable and must be reported; you can deduct allowable expenses, depreciation, and mortgage interest — but not principal — and you must distinguish deductible repairs from capitalized improvements.\nIncome, expenses, depreciation, interest, and repairs vs improvements.\nNet rental income is generally taxable and must be reported.\nYou cannot deduct the full mortgage payment — principal is not an expense.\nMortgage interest may be deductible, with limitations and allocation.\nDepreciation is a non-cash deduction; repairs and improvements are treated differently.\nIncome, expenses, and interest\nNet taxable rental income (不動産所得) must generally be reported: it is the rent received minus allowable expenses. You cannot deduct the full mortgage payment from rent — principal is not ordinarily a deductible expense, though mortgage interest may be deductible under the income-tax rules, with limitations and allocation issues. Allowable expenses typically include management and association fees, owner-paid utilities, insurance, fixed-asset and city-planning tax, leasing commissions, and maintenance. Keep clear records, because the classification of costs determines the tax.\nDepreciation and repairs vs improvements\nDepreciation is a tax accounting deduction, not cash income — it reduces taxable income without a cash outlay, based on the building’s allocated value and useful life, so the land/building allocation must be supported. You must also distinguish repairs from improvements: a deductible repair maintains the property, while a capital improvement is added to the basis and depreciated over time rather than fully deducted in the year. Getting this classification and the depreciation right requires care, so keep records and consider a tax accountant for a rental of any scale.\nKey points to carry away: Net rental income is generally taxable and must be reported; You cannot deduct the full mortgage payment — principal is not an expense; Mortgage interest may be deductible, with limitations and allocation; Depreciation is a non-cash deduction; repairs and improvements are treated differently. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/rental-property-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-rental-income-taxable","faq:loan-deduct-mortgage-from-rent","faq:loan-interest-deductible-rental","faq:loan-depreciation-cash"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home","guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Real-estate (rental) income (不動産所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-depreciation","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Depreciation and the small-asset expensing rules","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-inheritance-gifts:en","entityId":"guide:property-inheritance-gifts","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Inheriting or gifting Japanese property","plainText":"Inheriting or gifting property involves ownership registration (now mandatory for inherited land under the amended system), valuation for tax, financing where relevant, and gift-tax exposure when contributions and ownership differ — get professional planning.\nOwnership registration, valuation, financing, and professional support.\nInheritance land registration is now mandatory under the amended system.\nProperty is valued for inheritance and gift tax by set rules, not the price you paid.\nUnequal payments between spouses can create gift-tax issues.\nOwnership structure, valuations, and residence all affect the outcome — get advice.\nRegistration and valuation\nInheriting property now carries a registration obligation: inheritance-registration obligations apply under the amended system, with deadlines and transition rules that require review, so do not leave inherited land unregistered. For inheritance and gift tax, property is valued by set rules rather than the price you paid, and the ownership structure and residence affect the outcome. Because these rules are technical and carry deadlines, treat an inheritance or gift as a matter to plan, not to postpone.\nOwnership, gift tax, and advice\nOwnership structure matters. Spouses should own in shares that reflect their actual contributions, because unequal payments relative to legal ownership can create gift-tax issues — a 50/50 split makes sense only if contributions, debt, gift-tax, control, and future-sale consequences support it. Where financing, an estate, or cross-border elements are involved, the interactions get complex quickly. Get professional support from a tax accountant and, where appropriate, a lawyer or judicial scrivener, so the ownership, valuation, financing, and registration are handled correctly.\nKey points to carry away: Inheritance land registration is now mandatory under the amended system; Property is valued for inheritance and gift tax by set rules, not the price you paid; Unequal payments between spouses can create gift-tax issues; Ownership structure, valuations, and residence all affect the outcome — get advice. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-inheritance-gifts","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-inheritance-registration","faq:loan-spouses-5050","faq:loan-unequal-gift-tax"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:parent-child-relay-mortgages","guide:property-capital-gains-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"moj-inheritance-registration","publisher":"Ministry of Justice","title":"Mandatory inheritance land registration","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nta-property-sale","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Capital gains on selling land or buildings (譲渡所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:consumer-loans:en","entityId":"guide:consumer-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Consumer loans in Japan","plainText":"Consumer loans from licensed moneylenders carry high, often double-digit rates and are subject to the one-third-of-income aggregate borrowing limit; they suit only a short, necessary, repayable emergency — never a recurring living deficit or a long-lived asset.\nProviders, rates, the statutory borrowing limit, appropriate uses, and danger signs.\nHigh, often double-digit rates from licensed moneylenders.\nSubject to the one-third-of-income aggregate borrowing limit.\nSuitable only for a short, necessary, repayable emergency.\nNever finance a recurring living deficit or a long-lived asset with one.\nWhat consumer loans are\nConsumer loans and finance-company cash advances are covered moneylender borrowing, generally subject to the aggregate borrowing limit under the Money Lending Business Act — new moneylender borrowing is normally restricted once covered balances exceed one-third of annual income. They carry high, often double-digit interest rates, which is the price of unsecured, fast credit. Used sparingly for a genuine short emergency they can help; used as a habit they are expensive and dangerous.\nAppropriate use and danger signs\nA consumer loan is appropriate only for a short, necessary, repayable emergency — and never for a long-lived asset (finance those with a secured, cheaper loan) or a recurring living deficit. The danger signs are borrowing to cover everyday shortfalls, refinancing one loan with another, or relying on the loan while the underlying budget stays negative. If you are using a consumer loan to get through the month, the problem is the budget, not the loan, and more high-rate debt deepens it. Remember card-loan and consumer-loan use can also hurt a future mortgage application through the balance, repayment burden, and credit behavior.\nKey points to carry away: High, often double-digit rates from licensed moneylenders; Subject to the one-third-of-income aggregate borrowing limit; Suitable only for a short, necessary, repayable emergency; Never finance a recurring living deficit or a long-lived asset with one. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/consumer-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-onethird-rule","faq:loan-finance-company-covered","faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:bank-card-loans","guide:consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","guide:debt-warning-signs","guide:secured-vs-unsecured"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bank-card-loans:en","entityId":"guide:bank-card-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Bank card loans","plainText":"A bank card loan is a revolving unsecured credit line; it sits outside the moneylender one-third rule but banks impose their own limits, the rates are still often high, and its balance and repayment behavior can hurt a future mortgage application.\nRevolving structure, minimum payments, rates, limits, and mortgage impact.\nA revolving unsecured credit line from a bank.\nOutside the moneylender one-third rule, but banks set their own limits.\nRates are still often high, and minimum payments can trap a balance.\nThe balance and repayment behavior can hurt a future mortgage application.\nThe revolving structure\nA bank card loan is a revolving unsecured credit line from a bank: you can draw up to a limit and repay flexibly. Bank lending sits outside the statutory one-third moneylender rule, though banks impose their own affordability limits. The rates are still often high, and the revolving structure with a low minimum payment is the trap — paying only the minimum can keep a balance alive for years while interest accumulates, so it feels manageable while quietly costing a great deal.\nImpact on a mortgage\nCard-loan use can hurt a mortgage approval through the balance, the repayment burden it adds to your debt-service ratio, and your credit behavior. Even an unused card-loan limit can reduce your borrowing headroom, because a lender may treat available credit as potential debt. If you plan to apply for a mortgage, keep balances low, avoid revolving debt in the run-up, and consider closing unnecessary revolving credit where appropriate. A bank card loan is for limited short-term liquidity, not a standing source of funds.\nKey points to carry away: A revolving unsecured credit line from a bank; Outside the moneylender one-third rule, but banks set their own limits; Rates are still often high, and minimum payments can trap a balance; The balance and repayment behavior can hurt a future mortgage application. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/bank-card-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-bank-card-loan","faq:loan-card-loan-onethird","faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumer-loans","guide:consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","guide:debt-before-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:credit-company-loans:en","entityId":"guide:credit-company-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Credit-company loans","plainText":"Finance and credit companies offer installment and cash-advance credit that is generally covered moneylender borrowing under the one-third rule; screen the rate and total cost carefully, because convenience at the point of sale often costs more than a bank loan.\nFinance companies, screening, rates, total cost, and regulation.\nFinance companies offer installment and cash-advance credit.\nCash advances are generally covered moneylender borrowing under the one-third rule.\nPoint-of-sale convenience often costs more than a bank loan.\nCompare the rate and total cost, not just the monthly payment.\nWhat credit-company loans are\nFinance and credit companies (信販会社) offer installment credit for purchases and cash advances, screening applicants and pricing according to risk. Cash advances from these companies are generally covered moneylender borrowing, so they count toward the one-third-of-income aggregate limit, while installment purchase credit is structured differently. The convenience is that the credit is available at the point of sale — but that convenience often carries a higher total cost than arranging a bank loan in advance.\nScreen the total cost\nScreen the rate and total cost carefully, and compare against a bank loan for the same purchase. A low advertised monthly payment can hide a high total finance cost, especially over a long term or with a balloon. Because these products are regulated and reported to credit-information organizations, their use also appears in your credit records and affects future borrowing. Use them deliberately, understanding the full cost, rather than accepting the default finance offered at checkout.\nKey points to carry away: Finance companies offer installment and cash-advance credit; Cash advances are generally covered moneylender borrowing under the one-third rule; Point-of-sale convenience often costs more than a bank loan; Compare the rate and total cost, not just the monthly payment. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/credit-company-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-finance-company-covered"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumer-loans","guide:car-loans","guide:secured-vs-unsecured"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:car-loans:en","entityId":"guide:car-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Car loans in Japan","plainText":"Negotiate the vehicle’s cash price first, then compare a bank auto loan against dealer finance on total cost; be wary of residual-value (balloon) structures that assume you can always refinance or resell, and avoid a term longer than the car’s useful life.\nBank loans, dealer finance, residual-value loans, and balloon risk.\nNegotiate the cash vehicle price separately from the finance.\nA bank auto loan often shows a clearer interest cost; you usually own the car.\nDealer finance is convenient but can bundle discounts with a residual-value balloon.\nAvoid a term longer than the car’s useful life.\nBank loan vs dealer finance\nA car loan can come from a bank (or affiliated lender) or from dealer finance arranged at the point of sale. A bank auto loan often shows a clearer interest cost and typically leaves you owning the vehicle outright. Dealer finance is convenient and may come with promotional discounts or a residual-value (balloon) plan that lowers monthly payments by assuming a future vehicle value. The catch is that dealer discounts and finance terms are often intertwined, so a \"cheap\" finance rate can accompany a higher vehicle price.\nBalloon risk and term\nSeparate the two decisions: negotiate the cash price of the vehicle as if paying cash, then compare financing on the total finance cost for that price. Residual-value financing bases payments partly on an assumed future vehicle value, leaving a balloon or return conditions — it is dangerous when you assume refinancing or resale will always cover the balloon. A car is a depreciating asset, so avoid an excessive vehicle price, a balloon you cannot fund, and a term stretching beyond the car’s useful life.\nKey points to carry away: Negotiate the cash vehicle price separately from the finance; A bank auto loan often shows a clearer interest cost; you usually own the car; Dealer finance is convenient but can bundle discounts with a residual-value balloon; Avoid a term longer than the car’s useful life. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/car-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-auto-bank-loan","faq:loan-dealer-financing-cheaper","faq:loan-residual-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:bank-vs-dealer-car-loan","guide:secured-vs-unsecured"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:education-loans:en","entityId":"guide:education-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Education loans in Japan","plainText":"Education loans finance tuition and related costs through public and private routes; borrow with a realistic repayment plan, and be cautious about parents taking on debt that strains their retirement or borrowing for uncertain, high-cost programs.\nPublic and private routes, parent borrowing, terms, and repayment.\nPublic and private routes finance tuition and related education costs.\nSome structures have the parent borrow, others the student.\nBorrow with a realistic repayment plan and terms you understand.\nBe cautious about parent retirement stress and uncertain, high-cost programs.\nPublic and private routes\nEducation loans (教育ローン) are purpose financing for tuition and related education costs, available through public routes and private (bank and other) lenders. Some structures have the parent borrow and repay, others the student, and terms, rates, and repayment schedules differ across routes. Compare the options for the specific need, and understand who is liable and when repayment starts — a student loan that defers repayment behaves very differently from a parent loan repaid from current income.\nBorrow with a realistic plan\nEducation is human-capital expenditure, and borrowing for it can be sound — but only with a realistic repayment plan. Be cautious in two situations: a parent taking on debt that strains their own retirement, and borrowing for an uncertain or very high-cost program whose payoff is unclear. Match the borrowing to a credible expected outcome, keep the parent’s retirement security intact, and prefer public or lower-cost routes where they fit. Do not let the emotional weight of a child’s education override a clear-eyed look at whether the debt is repayable.\nKey points to carry away: Public and private routes finance tuition and related education costs; Some structures have the parent borrow, others the student; Borrow with a realistic repayment plan and terms you understand; Be cautious about parent retirement stress and uncertain, high-cost programs. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/education-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-education-loan"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:borrowing-guide","guide:debt-warning-signs"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sole-proprietor-business-loans:en","entityId":"guide:sole-proprietor-business-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Business loans for sole proprietors","plainText":"A sole proprietor can obtain a business loan using tax returns, financial statements, and a business-purpose analysis for productive working capital or equipment — but never use home equity to prop up an unviable business.\nTax returns, working capital, equipment, guarantees, and home-equity risk.\nApproval uses tax returns, financial statements, and a business-purpose analysis.\nBest for productive working capital or equipment, not to cover losses.\nGuarantees and personal liability are common — understand them.\nNever use home equity to support an unviable business.\nHow approval works\nA sole proprietor can obtain a business loan using financial statements, tax returns, and a business-purpose analysis — the lender assesses the business’s health and the productive use of the funds. Working capital and equipment that generate income are appropriate uses. Expect the lender to look at multiple years of returns and to weigh the stability and continuity of the business, and be ready to explain how the borrowing will produce a return rather than simply cover a gap.\nThe home-equity risk\nThe characteristic danger is using home equity to support an unviable business. A property-secured loan or a personal guarantee can convert business risk into the risk of losing your home, and pouring borrowed money into a business that is not working usually deepens the loss rather than saving it. Understand any guarantees and personal liability before signing, keep business and household finances distinct where possible, and be honest with yourself about whether the business is viable — a loan cannot fix a broken business model.\nKey points to carry away: Approval uses tax returns, financial statements, and a business-purpose analysis; Best for productive working capital or equipment, not to cover losses; Guarantees and personal liability are common — understand them; Never use home equity to support an unviable business. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/sole-proprietor-business-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-sole-proprietor-business"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-secured-loans","guide:employment-mortgage-approval","guide:debt-warning-signs"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:secured-vs-unsecured:en","entityId":"guide:secured-vs-unsecured","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Secured vs unsecured loans","plainText":"Secured loans pledge collateral for lower rates and longer terms but risk the asset on default; unsecured loans need no collateral but cost much more — match the loan to the life of what it buys, and never fund a long-lived asset with short-term high-rate debt.\nCost, term, collateral, approval, and consequences of default.\nSecured loans: lower rates, longer terms, but the asset is at risk on default.\nUnsecured loans: no collateral, but much higher rates and shorter terms.\nMatch the loan’s term and cost to the life of what it buys.\nNever fund a long-lived asset with short-term, high-rate debt.\nThe core difference\nA secured loan pledges collateral — most importantly a registered mortgage over property — which is why mortgages and secured real-estate loans carry the lowest rates and longest terms. The cost of that cheap credit is collateral risk: default can lead to enforcement and the loss of the asset. An unsecured loan (a card loan or consumer loan) needs no registered collateral, so it is faster and does not put a specific asset on the line, but it carries much higher, often double-digit rates and shorter terms.\nMatch the loan to what it buys\nThe practical rule is to match the loan’s term and cost to the life of what it buys. A long-lived asset like a home belongs on a long-term secured loan; a short-term necessary expense can suit a short unsecured loan, repaid quickly. What you must never do is fund a long-lived asset — or a recurring living deficit — with short-term, high-rate unsecured debt, because the cost compounds and the mismatch traps you. Understand the consequences of default on each: an unsecured default damages credit, a secured default can cost you the asset and still leave a deficiency.\nKey points to carry away: Secured loans: lower rates, longer terms, but the asset is at risk on default; Unsecured loans: no collateral, but much higher rates and shorter terms; Match the loan’s term and cost to the life of what it buys; Never fund a long-lived asset with short-term, high-rate debt. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/secured-vs-unsecured","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured","faq:loan-secure-consumer-spending"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-loans-work","guide:property-secured-loans","guide:consumer-loans"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:debt-warning-signs:en","entityId":"guide:debt-warning-signs","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Dangerous uses of debt","plainText":"The clearest danger signs are borrowing to cover a recurring lifestyle deficit, refinancing one loan with another, financing speculative property on gross yield or future refinancing, and building affordability on uncertain bonuses.\nLifestyle deficits, refinancing cycles, speculative property, and bonus dependence.\nBorrowing to cover a recurring lifestyle deficit is a red flag.\nRefinancing one loan with another to stay afloat compounds the problem.\nSpeculative property bought on gross yield or future refinancing is dangerous.\nBuilding affordability on uncertain bonuses is fragile.\nThe danger signs\nSome uses of debt reliably lead to trouble. Borrowing to cover a recurring lifestyle deficit means the budget is negative and debt is papering over it; refinancing one loan with another to keep up payments is a cycle that grows the balance; financing speculative property on gross yield rather than net cash flow, or relying on future refinancing to make a deal work, bets on assumptions that can fail; and building affordability on uncertain bonuses leaves you exposed if the bonus shrinks. Each of these treats debt as a solution to a problem debt cannot solve.\nWhat to do instead\nIf you recognize these signs, the answer is not more borrowing. Fix the budget so it is not structurally negative; do not use high-rate consumer credit to cover a mortgage or living shortfall; underwrite any investment on realistic net numbers rather than gross yield or hoped-for refinancing; and base affordability on stable base income, treating bonuses as a bonus. If the situation is already serious, get independent advice early — a lender, a public consultation service, or a professional — rather than borrowing again to postpone the reckoning.\nKey points to carry away: Borrowing to cover a recurring lifestyle deficit is a red flag; Refinancing one loan with another to stay afloat compounds the problem; Speculative property bought on gross yield or future refinancing is dangerous; Building affordability on uncertain bonuses is fragile. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/debt-warning-signs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-borrow-down-payment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:borrowing-guide","guide:consumer-loans","guide:debt-before-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:loan-application-checklist:en","entityId":"guide:loan-application-checklist","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Preparing for a loan application","plainText":"Before applying, check your CIC/JICC credit records, inventory all your debts and revolving limits, gather income and tax documents, and time the application to avoid a cluster of inquiries and any recent job change or new debt.\nCredit records, debt inventory, documents, and application timing.\nCheck your CIC and JICC credit records for problems before applying.\nInventory all debts and revolving limits — even unused limits reduce headroom.\nGather income and tax documents consistent with what you will state.\nTime the application to avoid a cluster of inquiries and recent changes.\nRecords and debt inventory\nStart by checking your own credit records at CIC and JICC, especially if you have any doubt about a late payment, an identity match, or an old account — problems are easier to correct before you apply. Then inventory all your debts and revolving credit limits, because a lender counts them in your debt-service ratio and even an unused card-loan limit can reduce your borrowing headroom. Close unnecessary revolving credit where appropriate, and pay down balances that weigh on the ratio.\nDocuments and timing\nGather your income and tax documents — withholding slips, tax certificates, and returns for the self-employed — and make sure they are consistent with what you will state, because discrepancies between preapproval and final documents can cause a decline. Time the application to avoid a cluster of inquiries just before it (application inquiries are recorded, including six months at CIC), and avoid a recent job change or new borrowing, which weaken the file. The safest first step is a conservative budget, a credit check, and a few dated loan illustrations to compare.\nKey points to carry away: Check your CIC and JICC credit records for problems before applying; Inventory all debts and revolving limits — even unused limits reduce headroom; Gather income and tax documents consistent with what you will state; Time the application to avoid a cluster of inquiries and recent changes. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/loan-application-checklist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-check-own-credit","faq:loan-multiple-applications","faq:loan-after-decline"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:credit-records-japan","guide:debt-before-mortgage","guide:mortgage-document-checklist"]},"sources":[{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jicc-credit","publisher":"JICC","title":"Japan Credit Information Reference Center","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:debt-before-mortgage:en","entityId":"guide:debt-before-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How loans affect mortgage eligibility","plainText":"Existing debts reduce the mortgage you can be approved for through the debt-service ratio, and even unused card limits, a car loan, revolving balances, and recent applications can all weigh against you — clean these up before applying.\nCard limits, car loans, revolving balances, new applications, and repayments.\nExisting debts reduce your approvable mortgage via the debt-service ratio.\nEven an unused card-loan limit can reduce your borrowing headroom.\nA car loan and revolving balances count against you.\nRecent applications and new debt weaken the file — clean up first.\nHow existing debts count\nA mortgage lender counts your existing debts in the debt-service ratio — annual scheduled repayments divided by qualifying income — so a car loan, revolving card-loan balances, and other obligations directly reduce the mortgage you can be approved for. Even an unused card-loan limit can reduce your headroom, because a lender may treat available credit as potential debt. The more of your capacity that is already committed, the less is left for the home loan.\nClean up before applying\nBefore applying for a mortgage, clean up your debt picture: pay down or close revolving balances, consider closing unnecessary card-loan limits, and avoid taking on a new car loan or other debt in the run-up. Avoid a cluster of new applications, because inquiries are recorded and can look like distress, and do not open new credit between preapproval and closing. The goal is to arrive at underwriting with a low debt-service ratio, clean credit records, and no recent changes that raise questions.\nKey points to carry away: Existing debts reduce your approvable mortgage via the debt-service ratio; Even an unused card-loan limit can reduce your borrowing headroom; A car loan and revolving balances count against you; Recent applications and new debt weaken the file — clean up first. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/debt-before-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage","faq:loan-multiple-applications","faq:loan-borrow-down-payment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:loan-application-checklist","guide:credit-records-japan","guide:debt-to-income-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jicc-credit","publisher":"JICC","title":"Japan Credit Information Reference Center","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-faq:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers the most common questions about getting and managing a mortgage in Japan.\nCommon questions on how Japanese mortgages work, rates, fees, approval, and repayment.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers the most common questions about getting and managing a mortgage in Japan. It gathers 22 of the most common questions on this topic — common questions on how japanese mortgages work, rates, fees, approval, and repayment — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-how-many-lenders","faq:loan-what-apr","faq:loan-total-cost","faq:loan-what-base-rate","faq:loan-what-preferential","faq:loan-discount-disappear","faq:loan-what-fixed","faq:loan-what-variable","faq:loan-what-collateral","faq:loan-what-guarantee-company","faq:loan-guarantee-erase-debt","faq:loan-what-amortization","faq:loan-level-principal-interest","faq:loan-level-principal","faq:loan-what-early-repayment","faq:loan-early-always-best","faq:loan-term-vs-payment-reduction","faq:loan-online-early-free","faq:loan-late-payment","faq:loan-borrow-maximum"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgages-japan","guide:borrowing-guide","guide:mortgage-rates","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreigner-mortgage-faq:en","entityId":"guide:foreigner-mortgage-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Foreign-resident mortgage FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers questions foreign residents most often ask about buying and financing property in Japan.\nQuestions on PR, non-PR routes, language, spouse, documents, and English support.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions foreign residents most often ask about buying and financing property in Japan. It gathers 11 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on pr, non-pr routes, language, spouse, documents, and english support — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/foreigner-mortgage-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-buy-foreigner","faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-pr-mandatory","faq:loan-pr-still-helpful","faq:loan-japanese-spouse","faq:loan-english-support","faq:loan-japanese-language","faq:loan-no-japanese-guarantor","faq:loan-overseas-income","faq:loan-income-documents","faq:loan-borrow-down-payment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:foreigner-mortgage-checker"]},"sources":[{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"tokyostar-mortgage","publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","title":"Star Mortgage housing loan","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"suruga-mortgage","publisher":"Suruga Bank","title":"Foreign-national home loan","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-approval-faq:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-approval-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage approval and employment FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers questions about how lenders assess you and why approval can succeed or fail.\nQuestions on preapproval, final approval, employment type, credit records, and income documents.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about how lenders assess you and why approval can succeed or fail. It gathers 19 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on preapproval, final approval, employment type, credit records, and income documents — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-approval-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-preapproval","faq:loan-what-final-approval","faq:loan-approval-fail","faq:loan-preapproval-valid","faq:loan-preapproval-final","faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval","faq:loan-change-jobs","faq:loan-job-changer","faq:loan-probationary","faq:loan-contract-employee","faq:loan-sole-proprietor","faq:loan-years-income-history","faq:loan-bonus-income","faq:loan-credit-record","faq:loan-check-own-credit","faq:loan-multiple-applications","faq:loan-serious-records-remain","faq:loan-after-decline","faq:loan-income-documents"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:preapproval-final-approval","guide:employment-mortgage-approval","guide:credit-records-japan","guide:mortgage-income-documents"]},"sources":[{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jicc-credit","publisher":"JICC","title":"Japan Credit Information Reference Center","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-rates-faq:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-rates-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Interest rate and repayment FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers questions about how rates are set, how they change, and how repayment works.\nQuestions on base and preferential rates, variable-rate rules, and repayment methods.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about how rates are set, how they change, and how repayment works. It gathers 20 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on base and preferential rates, variable-rate rules, and repayment methods — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-rates-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-base-rate","faq:loan-what-preferential","faq:loan-discount-disappear","faq:loan-what-fixed","faq:loan-what-variable","faq:loan-variable-change-frequency","faq:loan-five-year-rule","faq:loan-125-rule","faq:loan-all-variable-rules","faq:loan-unpaid-interest","faq:loan-variable-risky","faq:loan-rate-rise","faq:loan-fixed-risk-free","faq:loan-fixed-period","faq:loan-after-fixed-period","faq:loan-what-mixed","faq:loan-mixing-reduce-risk","faq:loan-what-amortization","faq:loan-level-principal-interest","faq:loan-level-principal"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:interest-rates","guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:five-year-125-percent-rule","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35-faq:en","entityId":"guide:flat-35-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Flat 35 FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers the most common questions about the Flat 35 fully fixed-rate mortgage.\nQuestions on what Flat 35 is, eligibility, property standards, and the discount programs.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers the most common questions about the Flat 35 fully fixed-rate mortgage. It gathers 11 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on what flat 35 is, eligibility, property standards, and the discount programs — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/flat-35-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-flat35","faq:loan-flat35-government","faq:loan-flat35-always-35","faq:loan-flat35-same-everywhere","faq:loan-flat35-used-home","faq:loan-flat35-second-home","faq:loan-flat35-investment","faq:loan-what-flat35s","faq:loan-what-flat35-child","faq:loan-flat35-discounts-permanent","faq:loan-flat35-ratios"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:flat-35s","guide:flat-35-child-rearing-plus","guide:flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jhf-flat35-rates","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 product and rate information","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aruhi-flat35","publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","title":"ARUHI Flat 35 rates and products","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:buying-property-faq:en","entityId":"guide:buying-property-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property buying process FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers questions about the step-by-step process of buying property in Japan.\nQuestions on offers, contracts, deposits, financing clauses, closing, and cash needed.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about the step-by-step process of buying property in Japan. It gathers 14 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on offers, contracts, deposits, financing clauses, closing, and cash needed — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/buying-property-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-fees-outside-price","faq:loan-earnest-extra-cost","faq:loan-earnest-money-size","faq:loan-financing-clause","faq:loan-deposit-returned","faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval","faq:loan-brokerage-commission","faq:loan-developer-brokerage","faq:loan-judicial-scrivener","faq:loan-all-savings-down","faq:loan-how-much-down","faq:loan-zero-down-safe","faq:loan-records-keep"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:buying-property-japan","guide:property-buying-checklist","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:mortgage-financing-clause"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-inspection-faq:en","entityId":"guide:property-inspection-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property condition and inspection FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers questions about evaluating a property’s condition, legality, and risks.\nQuestions on inspections, defects, seismic standards, hazard maps, and property forms.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about evaluating a property’s condition, legality, and risks. It gathers 19 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on inspections, defects, seismic standards, hazard maps, and property forms — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-inspection-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-inspection","faq:loan-inspection-guarantee","faq:loan-who-selects-inspector","faq:loan-defect-insurance","faq:loan-new-seismic","faq:loan-avoid-pre-1981","faq:loan-hazard-map","faq:loan-outside-hazard-zone","faq:loan-what-freehold","faq:loan-what-leasehold","faq:loan-leasehold-bad","faq:loan-fixed-term-leasehold","faq:loan-non-rebuildable","faq:loan-mortgage-non-rebuildable","faq:loan-vacant-house","faq:loan-vacant-cheap-renovate","faq:loan-stigmatized","faq:loan-disclose-forever","faq:loan-condo-check"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:earthquake-standards","guide:hazard-maps"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-inspection","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Existing-home condition inspection framework","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-hazard-map","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Hazard Map Portal","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-cost-tax-faq:en","entityId":"guide:property-cost-tax-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property fees and tax FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers questions about the fees and taxes of buying, owning, and selling property.\nQuestions on closing costs, registration, acquisition tax, fixed-asset tax, and the mortgage deduction.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about the fees and taxes of buying, owning, and selling property. It gathers 16 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on closing costs, registration, acquisition tax, fixed-asset tax, and the mortgage deduction — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-cost-tax-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fees-outside-price","faq:loan-registration-tax","faq:loan-acquisition-tax","faq:loan-fixed-asset-tax","faq:loan-city-planning-tax","faq:loan-prorate-fixed-asset","faq:loan-mortgage-tax-deduction","faq:loan-deduction-automatic","faq:loan-deduction-income-limit","faq:loan-file-first-year","faq:loan-selling-tax","faq:loan-sale-price-minus-purchase","faq:loan-30-million-deduction","faq:loan-inheritance-registration","faq:loan-spouses-5050","faq:loan-unequal-gift-tax"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-closing-costs","guide:fixed-asset-tax","guide:mortgage-tax-deduction","guide:property-capital-gains-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-mortgage-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Housing-loan tax deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"tokyo-fixed-asset-tax","publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","title":"Fixed-asset tax and city-planning tax","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-property-sale","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Capital gains on selling land or buildings (譲渡所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:homeownership-faq:en","entityId":"guide:homeownership-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Homeownership, renting out and selling FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers questions about the ongoing duties and options of owning a home in Japan.\nQuestions on management fees, reserves, insurance, renting out, minpaku, and moving overseas.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about the ongoing duties and options of owning a home in Japan. It gathers 18 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on management fees, reserves, insurance, renting out, minpaku, and moving overseas — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/homeownership-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-fees","faq:loan-repair-reserve","faq:loan-reserve-rise","faq:loan-special-assessment","faq:loan-renovate-condo","faq:loan-replace-windows","faq:loan-pets","faq:loan-rent-out-mortgaged","faq:loan-airbnb-condo","faq:loan-180-days","faq:loan-move-overseas","faq:loan-leave-vacant","faq:loan-emergency-cash-owner","faq:loan-fire-insurance-mandatory","faq:loan-fire-earthquake-fire","faq:loan-earthquake-rebuild","faq:loan-condo-earthquake","faq:loan-bundle-insurance"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:homeownership-japan","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home","guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"gia-earthquake","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Earthquake insurance guidance","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-minpaku","publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","title":"Private-lodging (minpaku) portal","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-investment-faq:en","entityId":"guide:property-investment-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property investment FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers questions about underwriting Japanese property as an investment.\nQuestions on yields, NOI, DSCR, occupancy misuse, and resale in Japanese property investment.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about underwriting Japanese property as an investment. It gathers 16 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on yields, noi, dscr, occupancy misuse, and resale in japanese property investment — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-investment-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-good-investment","faq:loan-tokyo-liquid","faq:loan-regional-yields","faq:loan-gross-yield","faq:loan-residential-for-investment","faq:loan-misstate-occupancy","faq:loan-what-apartment-loan","faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse","faq:loan-estimate-resale","faq:loan-homes-depreciate","faq:loan-station-distance","faq:loan-resale-difficult","faq:loan-rental-income-taxable","faq:loan-deduct-mortgage-from-rent","faq:loan-interest-deductible-rental","faq:loan-depreciation-cash"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:investment-property-loans","guide:home-vs-investment-property","guide:property-investment-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"stat-housing-survey","publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","title":"Housing and Land Survey","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Real-estate (rental) income (不動産所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:consumer-loan-faq:en","entityId":"guide:consumer-loan-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Consumer and card loan FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers questions about high-rate consumer credit and how it affects a mortgage.\nQuestions on consumer loans, bank card loans, the one-third rule, and mortgage impact.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about high-rate consumer credit and how it affects a mortgage. It gathers 8 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on consumer loans, bank card loans, the one-third rule, and mortgage impact — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/consumer-loan-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-bank-card-loan","faq:loan-card-loan-onethird","faq:loan-finance-company-covered","faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage","faq:loan-onethird-rule","faq:loan-borrow-down-payment","faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured","faq:loan-secure-consumer-spending"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumer-loans","guide:bank-card-loans","guide:consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","guide:debt-before-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:car-education-loan-faq:en","entityId":"guide:car-education-loan-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Car and education loan FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers questions about car finance and education loans in Japan.\nQuestions on bank vs dealer car finance, residual-value plans, and education loans.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about car finance and education loans in Japan. It gathers 6 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on bank vs dealer car finance, residual-value plans, and education loans — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/car-education-loan-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-auto-bank-loan","faq:loan-dealer-financing-cheaper","faq:loan-residual-value","faq:loan-what-education-loan","faq:loan-sole-proprietor-business","faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:car-loans","guide:education-loans","guide:bank-vs-dealer-car-loan","guide:sole-proprietor-business-loans"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-advertising-rates:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-advertising-rates","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How mortgage advertising can mislead","plainText":"A low advertised rate is usually the best case: it may require ≤80% LTV, assume the maximum discount, depend on account or service conditions, exclude insurance riders, or be replaced by a higher risk-priced rate after underwriting.\nHeadline rates, maximum discounts, service bundles, and underwriting additions.\nA headline rate often assumes the maximum discount and ≤80% LTV.\nDiscounts can depend on account or service conditions you must maintain.\nInsurance riders and term surcharges add to the real rate.\nUnderwriting can replace the teaser with a higher risk-priced rate.\nWhy the headline can mislead\nA low advertised rate is a best-case number. Unless expressly described as fixed for the whole term, it may change before disbursement, change after disbursement, require an 80% or lower loan-to-value ratio, include account or service conditions, exclude optional insurance riders, or be replaced with a higher \"guarantee-backed\" or risk-priced rate after underwriting. Advertising also emphasizes the nominal rate while stating fees separately, so the headline never reflects the all-in cost.\nWhat to do instead\nTreat every advertised rate as a starting point and get a dated written quotation with your actual LTV, term, discount margin, fees, insurance additions, and any service conditions. Reconcile a lender’s headline page with its detailed-course page, because they can differ. Then compare the all-in cost across lenders over your expected holding period, not the biggest advertised discount.\nKey points to carry away: A headline rate often assumes the maximum discount and ≤80% LTV; Discounts can depend on account or service conditions you must maintain; Insurance riders and term surcharges add to the real rate; Underwriting can replace the teaser with a higher risk-priced rate. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-advertising-rates","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-discount-disappear","faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:read-mortgage-quote","guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:read-mortgage-quote:en","entityId":"guide:read-mortgage-quote","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to read a mortgage quote","plainText":"A useful quote states the execution-month rate, the base rate and permanent discount margin, the origination and guarantee fees, insurance additions, any LTV and term surcharges, and the execution date and validity — read all of these, not just the rate.\nRate, discount margin, fees, insurance, term surcharge, and execution date.\nCheck the execution-month rate and whether the discount margin is permanent.\nRead the origination and guarantee fees and insurance additions.\nNote any LTV and term surcharges and the execution date and validity.\nAsk for the fields the report flags as requiring a direct dated quotation.\nThe fields to read\nAsk each lender for a dated document showing: the execution-month rate; the base/reference rate and the permanent discount margin; any LTV surcharge, term surcharge, and post-fixed-period margin; the rate-reset timing and five-year/125% treatment; the origination fee, guarantee fee, appraisal fee, registration estimate, and early-repayment fee; the standard life insurance and any cancer/critical-illness or pair-loan additions; and the process details — preapproval and final-approval documents, decision time, validity period, rate-lock rules, online or branch execution, English support, and any required bank/service bundles. These are exactly the fields to compare across lenders.\nFields that require a direct quotation\nSome fields cannot be read off an advertisement and require a direct dated quotation: the effective all-fee APR, the real minimum income, the employment-history minimum, non-PR eligibility, the appraisal methodology, and the actual obtainable rate — which only final underwriting and execution determine. Treat these as \"quotation required,\" not inferred, and do not rely on search snippets or old pages for a current rate.\nKey points to carry away: Check the execution-month rate and whether the discount margin is permanent; Read the origination and guarantee fees and insurance additions; Note any LTV and term surcharges and the execution date and validity; Ask for the fields the report flags as requiring a direct dated quotation. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/read-mortgage-quote","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-total-cost"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-advertising-rates","guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compare-property-listings:en","entityId":"guide:compare-property-listings","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to compare property listings","plainText":"Compare listings on price per square meter, land share, management and reserve quality, building age, location and station distance, and legal status (rebuildability, leasehold, hazards) — not just the headline price and photos.\nPrice per square meter, land share, management, age, location, and legal status.\nCompare price per square meter and the land share, not just the total price.\nWeigh management and reserve quality for a condominium.\nFactor building age, location, and station distance into value.\nCheck legal status — rebuildability, leasehold, and hazard exposure.\nNormalize before you compare\nTwo listings at the same price can be very different. Normalize them: compute price per square meter, note the land share (which drives long-run value), and for a condominium weigh the management and reserve quality against a cheap-looking fee. Factor in building age, location, and station distance, and verify the asking price against transaction comparables from MLIT’s library and REINS rather than trusting the listing’s number.\nCheck legal status\nA low price often reflects a legal or physical constraint. Check the legal status of each listing: whether the property is rebuildable and has adequate road frontage, whether it is freehold or leasehold (and if leasehold, the type and remaining term), and its hazard exposure. A cheaper listing that is non-rebuildable, leasehold with a short term, or in a high-hazard zone is not comparable to a conventional freehold property at a higher price — the difference is in the constraints, not just the number.\nKey points to carry away: Compare price per square meter and the land share, not just the total price; Weigh management and reserve quality for a condominium; Factor building age, location, and station distance into value; Check legal status — rebuildability, leasehold, and hazard exposure. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/compare-property-listings","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-estimate-resale","faq:loan-station-distance","faq:loan-non-rebuildable"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:finding-property","guide:property-resale-value","guide:evaluating-condominium"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"reins-market","publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","title":"REINS Market Information","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:research-status:en","entityId":"guide:research-status","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Missing mortgage and property data","plainText":"Several lender fields cannot be frozen in a static guide because rates and campaigns change monthly and some official pages are dynamic — these are marked \"direct dated quotation required,\" not inferred.\nUnconfirmed lender fields, stale data, and the current research queue.\nRates and campaigns change monthly, even between application and execution.\nSome official lender pages are dynamic and did not expose all fields on Aug 1, 2026.\nUnconfirmed fields are flagged, not inferred.\nThis page tracks what still requires a direct quotation.\nWhy some fields cannot be fixed\nA genuinely exhaustive product-level directory cannot be frozen in a static guide, because rates and campaigns change monthly or even between application and execution. Several official lender pages are dynamic and did not expose all numeric fields in retrievable text on August 1, 2026. Those fields are marked \"direct dated quotation required,\" not inferred — for example, PayPay Bank’s base rate and SBI Shinsei’s current August offer were not reliably retrievable, and the official JHF page still displayed July on August 1 while provider pages showed the updated 3.29% market rate.\nThe principal open fields\nThe principal missing or non-standardized fields are: an effective all-fee APR for every lender; a universal approval time; the real minimum income; the employment-history minimum; non-PR eligibility for every bank; appraisal methodology; a guaranteed obtainable rate; English-support quality; a nationwide regional-bank and credit-union comparison; investment-loan rates; reverse-mortgage recourse and heirs’ treatment; brokerage/agent conflicts; and renovation and inspection prices. For each of these, obtain a direct dated quotation for your specific case rather than relying on a general figure.\nKey points to carry away: Rates and campaigns change monthly, even between application and execution; Some official lender pages are dynamic and did not expose all fields on Aug 1, 2026; Unconfirmed fields are flagged, not inferred; This page tracks what still requires a direct quotation. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/research-status","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-rate-history","guide:read-mortgage-quote","guide:mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35-rates","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 product and rate information","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-mortgage","publisher":"PayPay Bank","title":"PayPay Bank mortgage","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/mortgage/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"shinsei-mortgage","publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","title":"PowerSmart housing loan","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/powersmart/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-rate-history:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-rate-history","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage rate verification and change history","plainText":"Rates are recorded with their verification date because they change monthly; as of August 1, 2026 the BoJ guideline was around 1.0%, standard Flat 35 was about 3.29% for 21–35 years, and several lenders had pre-announced further increases.\nCurrent and historical dated records, effective dates, and lender announcements.\nRates are recorded with a verification date and effective month.\nAs of Aug 1, 2026: BoJ guideline ~1.0%, standard Flat 35 ~3.29% for 21–35 years.\nMizuho pre-announced 1.275%+ variable from January 2027; PayPay raised long-term surcharges from September 2026.\nAlways confirm the current rate at application and execution.\nWhy rates are dated\nMortgage rates are recorded with the date they were verified because they change monthly, and sometimes between application and execution. As of August 1, 2026 (Japan Standard Time), the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% after its June 2026 decision, the average uncollateralized overnight call rate was roughly 0.977% at the end of July, standard Flat 35 was about 3.29% for 21–35 years at providers (the official JHF page still showed July’s 3.14% on August 1), and major lenders had announced or implemented higher prime rates.\nPre-announced changes\nSome lenders publish future changes, which are the most useful figures for planning. Mizuho showed new variable borrowing from about 1.025% with a warning that 1.275% or more would apply from January 2027; Resona announced prime-rate changes for October 2026 affecting certain repayments from January 2027; and PayPay Bank’s long-term surcharge for terms over 35 years rises for executions from September 1, 2026. Model the announced future payment, not only today’s rate, and always confirm the current rate in a dated quotation at application and execution.\nKey points to carry away: Rates are recorded with a verification date and effective month; As of Aug 1, 2026: BoJ guideline ~1.0%, standard Flat 35 ~3.29% for 21–35 years; Mizuho pre-announced 1.275%+ variable from January 2027; PayPay raised long-term surcharges from September 2026; Always confirm the current rate at application and execution. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-rate-history","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-rate-rise","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-rates","guide:research-status","guide:mortgage-advertising-rates"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"boj-call-rate","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Uncollateralized overnight call rate","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/statistics/market/short/mutan/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35-rates","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 product and rate information","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compare-mortgages-methodology:en","entityId":"guide:compare-mortgages-methodology","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How we compare Japanese mortgages","plainText":"We compare mortgages on the same execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period; separate advertised rates from realistic underwriting outcomes; normalize fees into an all-in cost; and flag fields that require a direct dated quotation rather than inferring them.\nRate treatment, fee normalization, effective dates, eligibility, and unknown fields.\nCompare on the same execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period.\nSeparate advertised rates from realistic underwriting outcomes.\nNormalize origination, guarantee, and insurance costs into an all-in figure.\nFlag unknown fields as \"quotation required\" rather than inferring them.\nThe comparison method\nTo compare mortgages fairly, we hold the variables constant: the same execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period across every lender. We separate advertised execution rates from realistic underwriting outcomes, because a headline rate assumes the maximum discount and a favorable LTV. We normalize the origination fee (frequently 2.20%), guarantee fee, appraisal, registration, and insurance additions into an all-in internal cost over the holding period — a 2.20% fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short hold.\nHow we handle unknown fields\nSome fields cannot be standardized from public pages — the effective all-fee APR, real minimum income, employment-history minimum, non-PR eligibility, appraisal methodology, and the actual obtainable rate. We flag these as requiring a direct dated quotation rather than inferring a number, and we record every rate with its verification date because pricing changes monthly. Where a lender’s page is dynamic or still showed a prior month, we say so rather than presenting a stale figure as current.\nKey points to carry away: Compare on the same execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period; Separate advertised rates from realistic underwriting outcomes; Normalize origination, guarantee, and insurance costs into an all-in figure; Flag unknown fields as \"quotation required\" rather than inferring them. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/compare-mortgages-methodology","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-how-many-lenders","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:read-mortgage-quote","guide:mortgage-rate-history"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-portals:en","entityId":"guide:property-portals","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property portals in Japan","plainText":"Property portals (SUUMO, at home, HOME’S, Yahoo! Real Estate, Nifty Real Estate, Real Estate Japan) are advertising and discovery tools — usually free to consumers, paid by advertisers, with common duplicate and stale listings.\nCoverage, listing types, language, cost, freshness, and the advertiser model.\nUsually free to consumers; paid by advertisers or referral partners.\nListings may be duplicated, stale, or optimized for lead generation.\nA portal is discovery, not title, legal, building, or financial diligence.\nLanguage and English support vary by portal.\nOverview\nProperty portals aggregate listings from many brokers, which makes them the natural starting point for a search but also the source of duplicate and stale listings. They are advertising platforms: brokers pay to list, and the ranking often favors lead generation, so a prominent listing is not necessarily the best or the freshest. Use portals to understand the market and identify candidates, then move to proper diligence on the specific property.\nFees and conflicts to check\nA portal is free to you because advertisers pay; verify title, legality, condition, and price independently, and treat duplicate listings as normal.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Usually free to consumers; paid by advertisers or referral partners; Listings may be duplicated, stale, or optimized for lead generation; A portal is discovery, not title, legal, building, or financial diligence; Language and English support vary by portal.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-portals","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:finding-property","guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","guide:suumo-portal","guide:lifull-homes-portal"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"reins-market","publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","title":"REINS Market Information","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:real-estate-brokerages:en","entityId":"guide:real-estate-brokerages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Real-estate brokerages","plainText":"Brokerages (Mitsui Rehouse, Sumitomo Real Estate Sales, Tokyu Livable, Nomura, Mitsubishi Estate House Net, Century 21 members) are usually commission-based; ask who they represent and verify the license.\nGeography, buyer/seller service, fees, language, and licensing.\nUsually commission-based, subject to a statutory maximum.\nThe listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller.\nAsk whether dual agency or direct dealing exists.\nVerify the license and any administrative actions before paying.\nOverview\nMajor brokerages operate nationwide or regionally and handle both buyer and seller sides. They are usually commission-based, and the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller, so their incentives are not automatically aligned with a buyer’s. A large brand does not remove the conflict — it makes verifying representation and the fee more important, not less.\nFees and conflicts to check\nAsk who the broker represents and whether dual agency exists; a brand name does not remove the seller-side conflict.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Usually commission-based, subject to a statutory maximum; The listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller; Ask whether dual agency or direct dealing exists; Verify the license and any administrative actions before paying.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/real-estate-brokerages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:real-estate-agents-japan","guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees","guide:mitsui-rehouse-profile","guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate:en","entityId":"guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Foreign-friendly real-estate agencies","plainText":"Foreign-friendly agencies (PLAZA HOMES, Ken Corporation, Housing Japan, E-Housing, Japan Property Central, Tokyo Portfolio) vary widely — some are brokers, some media/referral businesses; verify which, and whether advice is independent.\nLanguage, geographic coverage, mortgage help, buyer representation, and fees.\nLanguage support varies by city and transaction.\nSome are brokers, some are media or referral businesses.\nAn English website does not mean independent buyer representation.\nVerify license, fee, lender relationship, and whether advice is independent.\nOverview\nForeign-friendly agencies advertise language support, but the category mixes genuine brokers with media and referral businesses. Language support also varies by city and transaction — an English marketing page, an interpreter, and full English contracting are different services. Verify the license, the fee, any lender relationship, and whether the advice is independent before relying on it.\nFees and conflicts to check\nDo not assume \"English website\" means independent buyer representation; state whether the company is a broker, portal, referral, or media business.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Language support varies by city and transaction; Some are brokers, some are media or referral businesses; An English website does not mean independent buyer representation; Verify license, fee, lender relationship, and whether advice is independent.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/foreign-friendly-real-estate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:plaza-homes-profile","guide:buyers-agents"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:buyers-agents:en","entityId":"guide:buyers-agents","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Buyer’s agents in Japan","plainText":"A buyer’s agent represents you in the search, negotiation, and diligence — valuable when properly incentivized, but confirm how they are compensated and whether they are truly independent of the seller.\nRepresentation, compensation, search, negotiation, diligence, and conflicts.\nProvides search, negotiation, and diligence representation.\nConfirm how the agent is compensated (buyer-paid or lender/seller-paid).\nA properly incentivized professional adds judgment a portal cannot.\nAsk whether they act for both sides or have a direct interest in the sale.\nOverview\nA buyer’s agent is meant to represent your interests specifically — searching, negotiating, and running diligence on your behalf. The value depends on incentives: an agent paid by you, independent of the seller, can provide genuine judgment, while one whose compensation depends on the sale closing may not. Use a portal for discovery and a properly incentivized professional for judgment.\nFees and conflicts to check\nConfirm how the buyer’s agent is paid; representation is only as good as the incentive behind it.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Provides search, negotiation, and diligence representation; Confirm how the agent is compensated (buyer-paid or lender/seller-paid); A properly incentivized professional adds judgment a portal cannot; Ask whether they act for both sides or have a direct interest in the sale.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/buyers-agents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","guide:real-estate-agents-japan","guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-comparison-services:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-comparison-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage brokers and comparison services","plainText":"Mortgage comparison services (Kakaku.com, Mogecheck, bank comparison portals, Flat 35 lender search) are often free to the borrower and paid by referral — rankings may favor participating products, so ask which lenders are excluded.\nParticipating lenders, referral payment, application support, and exclusions.\nOften free to the borrower and paid by referral or lender marketing.\nRankings may favor participating products.\nAsk which lenders are excluded from the comparison.\nUse as a lead source, not independent advice.\nOverview\nComparison services and mortgage brokers can save time by aggregating rates and supporting the application, but they are usually paid by referral or lender marketing, so the ranking may favor participating products and exclude others. Ask which lenders are not included, and treat a ranking as a lead source rather than independent advice — then verify the actual offer with a dated quotation.\nFees and conflicts to check\nRankings may favor participating lenders and exclude others; ask which are excluded and verify with a dated quotation.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Often free to the borrower and paid by referral or lender marketing; Rankings may favor participating products; Ask which lenders are excluded from the comparison; Use as a lead source, not independent advice.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-comparison-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:mortgage-lenders","guide:kakaku-mortgage-profile","guide:mogecheck-profile"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-valuation-services:en","entityId":"guide:property-valuation-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property valuation services","plainText":"Valuation ranges from free AI estimates and broker appraisals (often free because the provider seeks the listing) to paid, more defensible formal appraisals by licensed appraisers — choose by purpose.\nAI estimate, broker appraisal, formal appraisal, price, and purpose.\nAI estimates and broker appraisals are often free but less rigorous.\nBroker estimates can be free because the provider seeks the listing.\nFormal appraisals by licensed appraisers are paid and more defensible.\nChoose the valuation type by the purpose (listing, dispute, tax, finance).\nOverview\nValuation comes in tiers. AI estimates and broker appraisals are quick and often free — but a broker estimate can be free precisely because the provider wants your listing, which is a conflict. Formal appraisals by licensed real-estate appraisers are paid and more defensible, though still judgment-based. Match the tool to the purpose, and remember MLIT comparables and REINS data let you sanity-check any estimate.\nFees and conflicts to check\nA free broker valuation may be a bid for your listing; use MLIT comparables to sanity-check any estimate.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: AI estimates and broker appraisals are often free but less rigorous; Broker estimates can be free because the provider seeks the listing; Formal appraisals by licensed appraisers are paid and more defensible; Choose the valuation type by the purpose (listing, dispute, tax, finance).\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-valuation-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-resale-value","guide:compare-property-listings","guide:official-property-data"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:home-inspection-services:en","entityId":"guide:home-inspection-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Home inspection services","plainText":"Home inspectors (registered existing-home condition inspectors, architects, warranty-insurance inspectors) charge a buyer-paid fee; prefer one independent of the seller and the renovation contractor.\nQualifications, inspection scope, price model, independence, and report.\nQualified inspectors examine visible and measurable deterioration.\nBuyer-paid fixed fee or property-size fee.\nPrefer independence from the seller and renovation contractor.\nAn inspection does not guarantee no hidden defects.\nOverview\nInspection services range from registered existing-home condition inspectors to architects and warranty-insurance inspectors. Fees are buyer-paid, either fixed or based on property size. The most important choice is independence: an inspector chosen by you, independent of the seller and any renovation contractor, gives a report not shaped by an interest in closing the sale or selling repair work. No inspection guarantees there are no hidden defects.\nFees and conflicts to check\nPrefer an inspector independent of the seller and renovation contractor; independence is more important than a low fee.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Qualified inspectors examine visible and measurable deterioration; Buyer-paid fixed fee or property-size fee; Prefer independence from the seller and renovation contractor; An inspection does not guarantee no hidden defects.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.\nKey points to carry away: Qualified inspectors examine visible and measurable deterioration; Buyer-paid fixed fee or property-size fee; Prefer independence from the seller and renovation contractor; An inspection does not guarantee no hidden defects. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/home-inspection-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-inspections","guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:property-defects-warranties"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-inspection","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Existing-home condition inspection framework","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:renovation-services:en","entityId":"guide:renovation-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Renovation platforms and companies","plainText":"Renovation providers (local licensed builders, major reform companies, matching marketplaces) may embed referral fees — obtain scope-aligned bids with drawings, exclusions, warranty, license, and a milestone payment schedule.\nCoverage, matching model, fees, licenses, and warranties.\nLocal builders, major reform companies, and matching marketplaces.\nMatching platforms may embed referral fees in the price.\nObtain scope-aligned bids with drawings, exclusions, and warranty.\nVerify the license and use a milestone payment schedule.\nOverview\nRenovation can be arranged directly with local licensed builders, through major reform companies, or via matching marketplaces. Matching platforms are convenient but may embed a referral fee in the price. Whatever the channel, obtain scope-aligned bids that include drawings, clear exclusions, a warranty, license verification, and a payment schedule tied to milestones — do not accept a quote without those, and hold a contingency for hidden work.\nFees and conflicts to check\nMatching marketplaces may embed referral fees; never accept a renovation quote without drawings, scope, exclusions, and milestone payments.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Local builders, major reform companies, and matching marketplaces; Matching platforms may embed referral fees in the price; Obtain scope-aligned bids with drawings, exclusions, and warranty; Verify the license and use a milestone payment schedule.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/renovation-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:renovation-costs-financing","guide:renovation-loans","guide:evaluating-used-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-management-services:en","entityId":"guide:property-management-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property-management companies","plainText":"Management companies (Tokyu Community, Daikyo Astage, Mitsui Fudosan Residential Service, local rental managers) charge the association (condo) or a percentage of rent plus leasing/renewal fees (rental) — and may also sell repair work, a conflict to watch.\nRental or condominium management, pricing, leasing fees, and repair conflicts.\nCondominium management is paid by the association; rental management is a percentage of rent.\nRental managers also charge leasing and renewal fees.\nA management company may also sell repair work — a conflict.\nReview the repair proposals independently.\nOverview\nProperty management divides into condominium management (paid by the owners’ association) and rental management (commonly a percentage of rent plus leasing and renewal charges). A key conflict is that management companies may also sell repair work, so a repair proposal is not automatically independent. For a condominium, judge the management by the building’s finances and minutes; for a rental, compare the management percentage and leasing/renewal fees.\nFees and conflicts to check\nA management company’s repair proposal may not be independent; review it separately, especially where the manager profits from the work.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Condominium management is paid by the association; rental management is a percentage of rent; Rental managers also charge leasing and renewal fees; A management company may also sell repair work — a conflict; Review the repair proposals independently.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-management-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-registration-services:en","entityId":"guide:property-registration-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Judicial scriveners and registration services","plainText":"Judicial scriveners (司法書士), land and house surveyors, attorneys, and tax accountants handle registration and related work for a professional fee plus tax and disbursements — the lender or broker may nominate one; ask whether the choice is mandatory.\nService type, geography, language, and professional fees.\nJudicial scriveners file ownership and mortgage registrations.\nA professional fee applies plus tax and disbursements.\nThe lender or broker may nominate a provider — ask if it is mandatory.\nLand surveyors, attorneys, and tax accountants cover related needs.\nOverview\nLegal and registration work is handled by judicial scriveners (registration), land and house surveyors (boundaries), attorneys (disputes), and tax accountants (tax). Each charges a professional fee plus taxes and disbursements. The lender or broker may nominate a provider — especially a scrivener the lender trusts to register its mortgage — so ask whether the selection is mandatory or whether you may use your own.\nFees and conflicts to check\nThe lender may nominate the scrivener; ask whether the selection is mandatory and request a fee estimate.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Judicial scriveners file ownership and mortgage registrations; A professional fee applies plus tax and disbursements; The lender or broker may nominate a provider — ask if it is mandatory; Land surveyors, attorneys, and tax accountants cover related needs.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-registration-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:judicial-scrivener-property","guide:property-registration-costs","guide:property-closing-registration"]},"sources":[{"id":"moj-inheritance-registration","publisher":"Ministry of Justice","title":"Mandatory inheritance land registration","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-insurance-providers:en","entityId":"guide:property-insurance-providers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Home and earthquake insurance providers","plainText":"Insurers (Tokio Marine, Sompo Japan, Mitsui Sumitomo, Aioi Nissay Dowa, online insurers) provide fire and earthquake cover; premiums depend on location, structure, limits, and options, and the lender or agent may earn commission.\nCoverage, distribution, lender relationships, and quote method.\nFire and earthquake cover from major and online insurers.\nPremiums depend on location, structure, limits, and options.\nEarthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance and is capped.\nThe lender or agent may receive commission — compare external quotes.\nOverview\nHome insurance is offered by major insurers and online providers, covering fire and (attached) earthquake risk. Premiums depend on location, structure, coverage limits, and options, and earthquake cover is capped and recovery-oriented. The lender or agent may receive commission on a bundled policy, so compare external quotes where permitted rather than assuming the lender’s offer is best.\nFees and conflicts to check\nThe lender or agent may earn commission on a bundled policy; compare external quotes where permitted.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Fire and earthquake cover from major and online insurers; Premiums depend on location, structure, limits, and options; Earthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance and is capped; The lender or agent may receive commission — compare external quotes.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-insurance-providers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance","guide:earthquake-standards"]},"sources":[{"id":"gia-earthquake","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Earthquake insurance guidance","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"sonpo-earthquake","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Earthquake insurance guide","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-auctions:en","entityId":"guide:property-auctions","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property auction and distressed-sale services","plainText":"Court BIT auctions, tax-sale systems, and specialist auction-support firms offer distressed property with deposits, limited access, occupant risk, document-only diligence, and no conventional seller warranties — not beginner-friendly.\nCourt auctions, tax sales, deposits, occupancy, and beginner risks.\nCourt BIT auctions, local tax-sale systems, and specialist support firms.\nDeposits are required and access to the property is limited.\nOccupant risk and document-only diligence are common.\nNo conventional seller warranties — not beginner-friendly.\nOverview\nDistressed property is sold through the court BIT auction system, local tax-sale systems, and specialist auction-support firms. These can be cheaper, but they carry serious risks: deposits, limited or no interior access, the risk of an existing occupant, document-only diligence, and no conventional seller warranties. Auctions are not beginner-friendly, and financing them is harder — approach only with specialist support and a clear understanding of the risks.\nFees and conflicts to check\nAuctions carry occupant risk, document-only diligence, and no seller warranties; they are not beginner-friendly.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Court BIT auctions, local tax-sale systems, and specialist support firms; Deposits are required and access to the property is limited; Occupant risk and document-only diligence are common; No conventional seller warranties — not beginner-friendly.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-auctions","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:non-rebuildable-property","guide:akiya-vacant-homes","guide:buying-property-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:official-property-data:en","entityId":"guide:official-property-data","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Official property data tools","plainText":"Official tools (MLIT Real Estate Information Library, official land-price search, REINS Market Information, hazard portals, MLIT/prefectural licensing records) are free and strong for comparable evidence — though data can lag and every property differs.\nTransaction data, land prices, hazards, licensing, and official registries.\nMLIT Real Estate Information Library combines prices, land values, planning, and hazards.\nREINS Market Information provides transaction comparables.\nMLIT and prefectural records let you verify a broker’s license for free.\nData can lag and every property differs — use as evidence, not gospel.\nOverview\nOfficial data tools are free and powerful. MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library combines transaction prices, official land values, planning, disaster, and amenity data; REINS Market Information provides transaction comparables; hazard portals show disaster exposure; and MLIT and prefectural licensing records let you verify a broker’s license and any administrative actions before you pay. Data can lag and every property differs, so use these as strong evidence to check listings and brokers, not as a final valuation.\nFees and conflicts to check\nOfficial data can lag and every property differs; use it to check listings and verify licenses, not as a final valuation.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: MLIT Real Estate Information Library combines prices, land values, planning, and hazards; REINS Market Information provides transaction comparables; MLIT and prefectural records let you verify a broker’s license for free; Data can lag and every property differs — use as evidence, not gospel.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/official-property-data","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:compare-property-listings","guide:finding-property","guide:hazard-maps"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"reins-market","publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","title":"REINS Market Information","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-hazard-map","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Hazard Map Portal","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:suumo-portal:en","entityId":"guide:suumo-portal","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SUUMO","plainText":"SUUMO (Recruit) is one of Japan’s largest property portals, aggregating rental and sale listings from many brokers; it is a discovery and advertising tool, not independent buyer representation, and duplicate listings are common.\nJapan’s largest property portal: inventory, English support, search, and monetization.\nOne of Japan’s largest portals with broad rental and sale inventory.\nListings come from many brokers; duplicates are common.\nA discovery and advertising tool, not buyer representation.\nLimited English support — mostly Japanese-language.\nOverview\nSUUMO, operated by Recruit, is among the largest property portals in Japan, with extensive rental and sale inventory aggregated from many brokerages. Its strengths are breadth of inventory and search; its limitations are that it is Japanese-language-first, listings can be duplicated or stale, and it is monetized through advertising, so a prominent listing reflects paid placement, not quality. Use it for discovery and market understanding, then verify the specific property.\nFees and conflicts to check\nSUUMO is an advertising portal, not buyer representation; a prominent listing is paid placement, and duplicates are common.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: One of Japan’s largest portals with broad rental and sale inventory; Listings come from many brokers; duplicates are common; A discovery and advertising tool, not buyer representation; Limited English support — mostly Japanese-language.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/suumo-portal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portals","guide:finding-property","guide:lifull-homes-portal"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:lifull-homes-portal:en","entityId":"guide:lifull-homes-portal","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"LIFULL HOME’S","plainText":"LIFULL HOME’S is a major Japanese property portal with broad inventory and strong search and map functions; like all portals it is advertising-funded discovery, not independent buyer representation.\nA major property portal: inventory, search and map functions, and monetization.\nA major portal with broad inventory and map/search functions.\nAdvertising-funded; rankings reflect paid placement.\nDuplicate listings occur, as on all portals.\nA discovery tool, not diligence or representation.\nOverview\nLIFULL HOME’S is one of Japan’s major property portals, known for broad inventory and useful map and search functions. As with every portal, it is discovery funded by advertising: brokers pay to list, rankings reflect paid placement, and duplicate listings occur. It is a strong tool for finding candidates and understanding the market, but it does not provide title, legal, building, or financial diligence, and it is not buyer representation.\nFees and conflicts to check\nLike all portals, LIFULL HOME’S is advertising-funded discovery; verify the property independently and expect duplicates.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: A major portal with broad inventory and map/search functions; Advertising-funded; rankings reflect paid placement; Duplicate listings occur, as on all portals; A discovery tool, not diligence or representation.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/lifull-homes-portal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portals","guide:suumo-portal","guide:finding-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:kakaku-mortgage-profile:en","entityId":"guide:kakaku-mortgage-profile","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Kakaku.com mortgage comparison","plainText":"Kakaku.com’s mortgage comparison aggregates rates and application links; it is free to the borrower and paid by referral or lender marketing, so its rankings may favor participating products — ask which lenders are excluded.\nA mortgage comparison service: participating lenders, referral model, and exclusions.\nAggregates advertised rates and application links.\nFree to the borrower; paid by referral or lender marketing.\nRankings may favor participating products.\nUse as a lead source, then verify with a dated quotation.\nOverview\nKakaku.com’s mortgage section aggregates advertised rates and links to lender applications, which is convenient for a first pass. Like other comparison services it is free to the borrower because it is paid by referral or lender marketing, so the ranking may favor participating products and exclude others. Treat it as a lead source, ask which lenders are not included, and verify any offer with a dated written quotation over your holding period.\nFees and conflicts to check\nIts rankings may favor participating lenders; ask which are excluded and verify any offer with a dated quotation.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Aggregates advertised rates and application links; Free to the borrower; paid by referral or lender marketing; Rankings may favor participating products; Use as a lead source, then verify with a dated quotation.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/kakaku-mortgage-profile","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-comparison-services","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:mogecheck-profile"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mogecheck-profile:en","entityId":"guide:mogecheck-profile","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mogecheck","plainText":"Mogecheck offers mortgage comparison and a diagnosis of likely rates and refinancing savings; it is free to the borrower and monetized through referral, so confirm which lenders are covered and verify offers directly.\nA mortgage comparison and diagnosis service: model, application support, and exclusions.\nOffers comparison plus a rate/refinancing diagnosis.\nFree to the borrower; monetized through referral.\nConfirm which lenders are covered and which are excluded.\nVerify any indicated rate directly with a dated quotation.\nOverview\nMogecheck provides mortgage comparison and a diagnosis of the rates you might obtain and the savings from refinancing, which many borrowers find helpful for orientation. It is free to the borrower and monetized through referral arrangements, so the set of lenders it covers, and any ranking, can reflect those relationships. Confirm which lenders are and are not covered, and treat any indicated rate as a starting point to verify directly.\nFees and conflicts to check\nThe lenders it covers and its ranking can reflect referral relationships; confirm coverage and verify any indicated rate directly.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Offers comparison plus a rate/refinancing diagnosis; Free to the borrower; monetized through referral; Confirm which lenders are covered and which are excluded; Verify any indicated rate directly with a dated quotation.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mogecheck-profile","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-comparison-services","guide:mortgage-refinancing","guide:kakaku-mortgage-profile"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mitsui-rehouse-profile:en","entityId":"guide:mitsui-rehouse-profile","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mitsui Rehouse","plainText":"Mitsui Rehouse is a major nationwide brokerage handling buyer and seller sides; it is commission-based, and the listing broker may represent or depend on the seller — ask who is represented and verify the fee against the statutory maximum.\nA major brokerage: coverage, buyer/seller service, fees, and representation.\nA major nationwide brokerage for buyer and seller sides.\nCommission-based, subject to the statutory maximum.\nThe listing broker may represent or depend on the seller.\nVerify the license and ask about dual agency.\nOverview\nMitsui Rehouse is one of Japan’s largest brokerages, operating nationwide and handling both buyer and seller sides of transactions. It is commission-based, subject to the statutory maximum, and — as with any brokerage — the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller. A strong brand and wide inventory are genuine advantages, but they do not remove the need to ask who is represented, whether dual agency exists, and to verify the fee.\nFees and conflicts to check\nA strong brand does not remove the seller-side conflict; ask who is represented and verify the fee against the statutory maximum.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: A major nationwide brokerage for buyer and seller sides; Commission-based, subject to the statutory maximum; The listing broker may represent or depend on the seller; Verify the license and ask about dual agency.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mitsui-rehouse-profile","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:real-estate-brokerages","guide:real-estate-agents-japan","guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:plaza-homes-profile:en","entityId":"guide:plaza-homes-profile","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PLAZA HOMES","plainText":"PLAZA HOMES is a Tokyo-focused agency known for English service to foreign residents across rentals, sales, and management; confirm in each transaction whether it acts as your broker and how it is compensated.\nA foreign-friendly agency: language, coverage, services, and what to verify.\nTokyo-focused, with English service across rentals, sales, and management.\nA broker and manager — confirm its role in your transaction.\nEnglish support is a genuine strength for foreign residents.\nConfirm the fee and whether the advice is independent.\nOverview\nPLAZA HOMES is a Tokyo-focused agency well known for English-language service to foreign residents across rentals, sales, and property management. For an English-preferring buyer that support is a real advantage. As with any agency, confirm its role in your specific transaction — whether it is acting as your broker, the seller’s, or both — how it is compensated, and whether the advice is independent, because \"English service\" and \"independent buyer representation\" are not the same thing.\nFees and conflicts to check\nEnglish service is not the same as independent buyer representation; confirm the agency’s role, fee, and independence in each transaction.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Tokyo-focused, with English service across rentals, sales, and management; A broker and manager — confirm its role in your transaction; English support is a genuine strength for foreign residents; Confirm the fee and whether the advice is independent.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/plaza-homes-profile","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate","guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:buyers-agents"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-rates:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-rates","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Current Japanese mortgage rates","plainText":"As of August 1, 2026 the BoJ guideline was around 1.0%, leading variable rates were roughly 0.945–1.025% (with pre-announced increases), and standard Flat 35 was about 3.29% for 21–35 years — all advertised, execution-month figures, not guaranteed offers.\nAdvertised rates, effective month, qualifications, announced changes, and sources.\nBoJ guideline ~1.0%; overnight call rate ~0.977% at end-July 2026.\nLeading variable rates ~0.945–1.025%; Mizuho pre-announced 1.275%+ from January 2027.\nStandard Flat 35 ~3.29% for 21–35 years (official JHF page still showed July on Aug 1).\nAll figures are advertised execution-month rates verified Aug 1, 2026 — confirm the current rate.\nThe August 2026 snapshot\nAs of August 1, 2026, Japan had left the near-zero era: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% after its June 2026 decision, and the average uncollateralized overnight call rate was roughly 0.977% at the end of July. Leading advertised variable rates were about 0.945% (MUFG main page), 0.984% (au Jibun Bank at ≤80% LTV after maximum discount), and 1.025% (Mizuho new variable), while standard Flat 35 was about 3.29% for 21–35 years at providers, with the official JHF page still showing July’s 3.14% on August 1.\nRead these rates with care\nThese are advertised, execution-month figures — not guaranteed offers. A low variable rate may require ≤80% LTV, assume the maximum discount, depend on service conditions, or be replaced by a higher risk-priced rate after underwriting. Several lenders pre-announced increases: Mizuho warned of 1.275% or more from January 2027, Resona announced October 2026 prime-rate changes affecting repayments from January 2027, and PayPay Bank’s long-term surcharge rises from September 2026. Model the announced future payment, and confirm the current rate in a dated quotation at application and execution.\nKey points to carry away: BoJ guideline ~1.0%; overnight call rate ~0.977% at end-July 2026; Leading variable rates ~0.945–1.025%; Mizuho pre-announced 1.275%+ from January 2027; Standard Flat 35 ~3.29% for 21–35 years (official JHF page still showed July on Aug 1); All figures are advertised execution-month rates verified Aug 1, 2026 — confirm the current rate. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-rates","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-rate-rise","faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:mortgage-rate-history","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:mortgage-advertising-rates","guide:interest-rates"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"boj-call-rate","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Uncollateralized overnight call rate","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/statistics/market/short/mutan/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35-rates","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 product and rate information","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compare-mortgage-lenders:en","entityId":"guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Compare mortgage lenders in Japan","plainText":"Compare lenders on the same execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period — provider, advertised rate, amount and term limits, fees, PR/residence rules, and English support — then verify the actual offer with a dated written quotation.\nProvider, rate, term, amount, LTV, fees, PR requirements, English support, and verified date.\nCompare provider, rate, term, amount, LTV, fees, PR rules, and English support.\nHold the execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period constant.\nOnline banks lead on rate; branch and specialist lenders serve complex or non-PR cases.\nVerify the actual offer with a dated written quotation over your holding period.\nWhat to compare\nA fair lender comparison holds the variables constant — the same execution date, LTV band, term, insurance, and expected holding period — and compares provider, advertised rate, minimum and maximum amount and term, LTV surcharges, the fee schedule (origination, guarantee, appraisal, registration, early repayment), PR/residence rules, English support, and the verified date. Online banks (au Jibun Bank, Sumishin SBI, PayPay) tend to lead on rate for standard salaried files; megabanks (MUFG, Mizuho, Resona) add branch service and exception handling; and PRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, and Suruga serve foreign-resident and non-PR cases.\nBuild a shortlist, not a national ranking\nA nationwide \"best lender\" ranking is less useful than a screened shortlist based on your residence status, income type, and the property, because regional institutions have geographic and membership rules and each lender’s pricing depends on the borrower and property. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route (Flat 35 or a foreign-resident lender), then obtain dated quotations and compare the all-in internal cost over your holding period — a 2.20% fee on ¥50 million is ¥1.10 million, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short hold.\nKey points to carry away: Compare provider, rate, term, amount, LTV, fees, PR rules, and English support; Hold the execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period constant; Online banks lead on rate; branch and specialist lenders serve complex or non-PR cases; Verify the actual offer with a dated written quotation over your holding period. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/compare-mortgage-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-how-many-lenders","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:mortgage-lenders","guide:mortgage-rates","guide:compare-mortgages-methodology","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-calculator:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage repayment calculator","plainText":"Enter the loan amount, rate, term, and repayment method to see the monthly payment, total interest, and amortization — then re-run at higher rates to see how sensitive the payment is.\nAmount, rate, term, and repayment method to monthly payment, interest, and amortization.\nShows monthly payment, total interest, and the amortization schedule.\nCompares level payment and level principal.\nA one- or two-point rate difference is large over 35 years.\nExcludes fees, insurance, and taxes — add those separately.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: loan amount, nominal annual rate, term (years), and repayment method (level payment or level principal).\nOutputs: monthly payment, total interest over the term, and the amortization schedule showing the interest/principal split each period.\nHow to interpret the result\nThe calculator shows the loan cost only; add fees, insurance, and taxes for the true cost, and always re-run at +1, +2, and +3 points if the rate is variable.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Shows monthly payment, total interest, and the amortization schedule; Compares level payment and level principal; A one- or two-point rate difference is large over 35 years; Excludes fees, insurance, and taxes — add those separately.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.\nKey points to carry away: Shows monthly payment, total interest, and the amortization schedule; Compares level payment and level principal; A one- or two-point rate difference is large over 35 years; Excludes fees, insurance, and taxes — add those separately. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-amortization","faq:loan-level-principal-interest"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-amortization","guide:repayment-method-comparison","guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage affordability calculator","plainText":"Enter income, debts, expenses, and reserves to see your total housing outflow, debt-service ratio, and a prudent property range — with the payment stressed at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points.\nIncome, debts, expenses, taxes, reserves, and rate stress to a prudent property range.\nShows total housing outflow, debt-service ratio, and a prudent range.\nStresses the payment at +1, +2, and +3 points.\nFlags if stressed housing costs exceed ~35% of net income.\nThe lender’s maximum is not a household recommendation.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: gross and net income, stable bonus, household size, other debt payments, loan amount, rate, term, tax, management/reserve/insurance/parking fees, maintenance reserve, retirement age, and expected income reduction.\nOutputs: monthly payment, total housing outflow, total debt-service ratio, housing-to-net-income ratio, balance at retirement, total interest, and a minimum emergency fund.\nHow to interpret the result\nA loan you can afford only at the initial rate is not affordable; the tool flags stressed costs above a prudent share of net income and a mortgage extending past your working income.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Shows total housing outflow, debt-service ratio, and a prudent range; Stresses the payment at +1, +2, and +3 points; Flags if stressed housing costs exceed ~35% of net income; The lender’s maximum is not a household recommendation.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-affordability-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-borrow-maximum","faq:loan-what-dti"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-budget","guide:debt-to-income-japan","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-repayment-ratio","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 repayment-ratio and simulation","url":"https://www.flat35.com/user/simulation/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-purchase-cost:en","entityId":"guide:property-purchase-cost","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Total property-purchase cost calculator","plainText":"Enter the price, down payment, and cost assumptions to see the contract cash, closing cash, later tax cash, total cash required, and remaining liquidity — so you plan for far more than the down payment.\nPrice, down payment, fees, registration, tax, insurance, and moving to total cash required.\nSplits cash into contract, closing, and later-tax stages.\nIncludes brokerage, mortgage fee, registration, tax, insurance, and moving.\nShows total cash required and remaining liquidity.\nReminds you closing costs run ~6–10% of the price.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: property price, new/used, seller/developer/broker, down payment, loan, fee model, assessed land and building values, location, registration relief, inspection, insurance, renovation, moving, furniture, and acquisition tax.\nOutputs: contract cash, closing cash, later tax cash, total cash required, remaining liquidity, and all-in acquisition basis.\nHow to interpret the result\nDo not use all your savings for the down payment; the tool shows the 6–10% closing costs and later acquisition tax you must reserve on top of it.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Splits cash into contract, closing, and later-tax stages; Includes brokerage, mortgage fee, registration, tax, insurance, and moving; Shows total cash required and remaining liquidity; Reminds you closing costs run ~6–10% of the price.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-purchase-cost","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-fees-outside-price"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:property-closing-costs","guide:down-payment-comparison"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyo-acquisition-tax","publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","title":"Real-estate acquisition tax","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shitsumon/fudosan/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-vs-variable-calculator:en","entityId":"guide:fixed-vs-variable-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fixed vs variable mortgage calculator","plainText":"Model each structure under stable, gradual, faster, reversal, and severe rate paths to see the monthly payment, balance, and cumulative interest — so you choose variable only if you survive the stress paths.\nInitial rates, reset paths, term, and balance to cumulative cost under rate scenarios.\nCompares fixed and variable under five rate scenarios.\nShows monthly payment, balance, and cumulative interest for each.\nModels the contract’s payment-reset and unpaid-interest rules.\nChoose variable only if you survive the +2 to +3 point paths.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: fixed and variable initial rates, term, balance, and a rate path — stable (no change), gradual (+0.25/12mo for four years), faster (+0.50/year for four years), reversal (+1.50 then partial decline), or severe (+2 immediately, later +1).\nOutputs: for each structure and path, the monthly payment, balance, and cumulative interest, modeling the actual contract’s reset rules and any unpaid-interest treatment.\nHow to interpret the result\nThe calculator is only as good as the rate paths you test; a household that fails the +2 to +3 point paths should not choose variable.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Compares fixed and variable under five rate scenarios; Shows monthly payment, balance, and cumulative interest for each; Models the contract’s payment-reset and unpaid-interest rules; Choose variable only if you survive the +2 to +3 point paths.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/fixed-vs-variable-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","faq:loan-variable-risky"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Interest-rate stress test","plainText":"Enter your rate and household budget to see the payment at the current rate and at +1, +2, and +3 points, and whether a surplus remains at each — the core test for whether a variable loan is safe.\nCurrent rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points to the payment and household surplus.\nShows the payment at the current rate and at +1, +2, and +3 points.\nShows whether a household surplus remains at each stressed rate.\nThe core test for variable-rate affordability.\nIf a stressed rate wipes out the surplus, the loan is too large.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: current rate, loan amount and term, and household income and expenses.\nOutputs: the monthly payment and remaining household surplus at the current rate and at +1, +2, and +3 points.\nHow to interpret the result\nIf the +2 to +3 point payment eliminates your surplus or forces a sale, the loan is too large for a variable structure — reduce it or choose fixed.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Shows the payment at the current rate and at +1, +2, and +3 points; Shows whether a household surplus remains at each stressed rate; The core test for variable-rate affordability; If a stressed rate wipes out the surplus, the loan is too large.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-rate-stress-test","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-variable-risky","faq:loan-rate-rise"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","guide:variable-rate-mortgages","guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:early-mortgage-repayment:en","entityId":"guide:early-mortgage-repayment","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Early-repayment calculator","plainText":"Enter an extra payment to see the interest saved and term shortened under term-reduction versus payment-reduction, alongside the liquidity you sacrifice and the break-even return.\nExtra payment, term vs payment reduction, interest saved, and liquidity sacrificed.\nCompares term reduction and payment reduction.\nShows interest saved, term shortened, and liquidity sacrificed.\nConsiders the mortgage-tax deduction you may forgo.\nTerm reduction usually saves more interest, all else equal.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: current balance, rate, remaining term, extra payment, fee, method (term or payment reduction), emergency-fund yield, and mortgage-tax deduction.\nOutputs: interest saved, term shortened, liquidity sacrificed, and the break-even return your cash would need to beat the prepayment.\nHow to interpret the result\nPreserve emergency liquidity before prepaying; the tool shows the deduction you may lose and the return your cash would need to make prepayment the wrong choice.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Compares term reduction and payment reduction; Shows interest saved, term shortened, and liquidity sacrificed; Considers the mortgage-tax deduction you may forgo; Term reduction usually saves more interest, all else equal.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.\nKey points to carry away: Compares term reduction and payment reduction; Shows interest saved, term shortened, and liquidity sacrificed; Considers the mortgage-tax deduction you may forgo; Term reduction usually saves more interest, all else equal. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/early-mortgage-repayment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-early-always-best","faq:loan-term-vs-payment-reduction"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:early-repayment","guide:mortgage-tax-deduction","guide:mortgage-amortization"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-mortgage-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Housing-loan tax deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-refinancing-tool:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-refinancing-tool","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Refinancing calculator","plainText":"Enter your existing loan and a new offer to see the nominal and present-value savings, the break-even month, and the balance at original maturity — so you refinance only when the savings beat all the new costs.\nExisting balance, old/new rate, fees, and remaining term to break-even date.\nShows nominal savings, present-value savings, and the break-even month.\nIncludes origination, registration, scrivener, appraisal, and insurance costs.\nA longer new term can hide a higher total cost.\nRefinance only when present-value savings exceed all new costs.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: current balance, remaining term, current rate path, new rate, new term, percentage/fixed fee, registration, judicial scrivener, appraisal, insurance additions, and expected holding period.\nOutputs: nominal savings, present-value savings, break-even months, and the balance at original maturity.\nHow to interpret the result\nA lower monthly payment from a longer term is not a saving; the tool compares present-value savings against all new costs and health-screening risk.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Shows nominal savings, present-value savings, and the break-even month; Includes origination, registration, scrivener, appraisal, and insurance costs; A longer new term can hide a higher total cost; Refinance only when present-value savings exceed all new costs.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.\nKey points to carry away: Shows nominal savings, present-value savings, and the break-even month; Includes origination, registration, scrivener, appraisal, and insurance costs; A longer new term can hide a higher total cost; Refinance only when present-value savings exceed all new costs. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-refinancing-tool","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-refinancing-makes-sense","faq:loan-extend-term-refinancing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-refinancing","guide:refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","guide:refinancing-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreigner-mortgage-checker:en","entityId":"guide:foreigner-mortgage-checker","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Foreign-resident mortgage eligibility checker","plainText":"Answer questions about residence, PR, spouse, income, employment, language, down payment, and property use to be routed to indicative lender sets — it does not issue an \"approved\" result, only realistic routes to explore.\nPR, visa, spouse, income, employment, language, and down payment to indicative lender routes.\nRoutes you to lender sets — it never issues an \"approved\" result.\nNon-residents are routed to cash or specialist investment finance.\nPR opens the mainstream set; non-PR routes to specialist lenders.\nDown payment and property use filter the lender set further.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs (routing questions): resident in Japan?, PR or special PR?, Japanese spouse or guarantor?, years of Japanese tax income?, employment type and tenure?, Japanese communication?, down-payment percentage?, property use?, property location/type?, and any credit-record issue?\nOutputs: indicative lender routes (mainstream, English-support, specialist non-PR, or cash/investment), a documentation-readiness score, and any disclosure/remediation path — never an approval.\nHow to interpret the result\nThe checker routes, it does not approve; a nonresident is sent to cash or specialist finance, and every route still requires full underwriting.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Routes you to lender sets — it never issues an \"approved\" result; Non-residents are routed to cash or specialist investment finance; PR opens the mainstream set; non-PR routes to specialist lenders; Down payment and property use filter the lender set further.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/foreigner-mortgage-checker","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-pr-mandatory"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"tokyostar-mortgage","publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","title":"Star Mortgage housing loan","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:condo-financial-health:en","entityId":"guide:condo-financial-health","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Condominium financial-health checker","plainText":"Enter the reserve, arrears, repair plan, association borrowing, insurance, and governance details to score the building’s financial health — with a low current fee scoring negatively if it creates future special assessments.\nReserves, arrears, repair plan, borrowing, insurance, and governance to a risk result.\nScores reserve balance and monthly reserve per square meter.\nWeighs the funding method, arrears, borrowing, and repair plan.\nIncludes insurance, governance, and unresolved litigation.\nA low current fee scores negatively if it means future special assessments.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: reserve balance and monthly reserve per m², funding method (even or escalating), 30-year-plus repair plan and update date, estimated next major work and funding gap, owner arrears, association borrowing, management-fee trend, commercial/absentee ownership concentration, insurance and earthquake coverage, meeting attendance, unresolved litigation, and planned elevator/pipe/façade/seismic work.\nOutputs: a financial-health risk result, where a low current monthly fee does not score positively if it creates future special assessments.\nHow to interpret the result\nA low monthly fee is not a good score if it reflects an underfunded reserve; the checker treats a step-up plan’s early low fee as a future risk.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Scores reserve balance and monthly reserve per square meter; Weighs the funding method, arrears, borrowing, and repair plan; Includes insurance, governance, and unresolved litigation; A low current fee scores negatively if it means future special assessments.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/condo-financial-health","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-check","faq:loan-special-assessment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:condo-repair-reserve","guide:condominium-management-fees"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-repair-plan","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Condominium long-term repair plan guidance","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-investment-calculator:en","entityId":"guide:property-investment-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investment-property cash-flow calculator","plainText":"Enter the price, rent, vacancy, expenses, financing, and exit assumptions to see gross and net yield, NOI, DSCR, cash-on-cash return, break-even occupancy, after-tax cash flow, and IRR — underwriting the deal as a business, not on gross yield.\nPrice, rent, vacancy, expenses, debt, and exit to NOI, DSCR, and IRR.\nRetains gross yield, net yield, NOI, DSCR, and cash-on-cash return.\nShows break-even occupancy and after-tax cash flow.\nRuns sensitivity to rent, vacancy, rate, and exit value.\nDo not treat mortgage principal as an operating expense.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: price, acquisition costs, rent, vacancy, rent decline, management, leasing, tax, insurance, association fees, repairs, capital expenditure, financing, sale cap rate, selling costs, and tax.\nOutputs: gross yield, net yield, NOI, DSCR, cash-on-cash return, break-even occupancy, after-tax cash flow, internal rate of return, and sensitivity to rent, vacancy, rate, and exit value.\nHow to interpret the result\nA 5–6% gross yield can become a thin or negative cash yield after costs; the tool shows NOI and DSCR so you underwrite the deal, not the headline yield.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Retains gross yield, net yield, NOI, DSCR, and cash-on-cash return; Shows break-even occupancy and after-tax cash flow; Runs sensitivity to rent, vacancy, rate, and exit value; Do not treat mortgage principal as an operating expense.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-investment-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-gross-yield","faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:investment-property-loans","guide:tokyo-vs-regional-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"stat-housing-survey","publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","title":"Housing and Land Survey","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-ownership-cost:en","entityId":"guide:property-ownership-cost","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property tax and ownership-cost estimator","plainText":"Enter the assessed values, municipality, and property details to estimate your annual ownership cost — fixed-asset and city-planning tax, insurance, management and repair-reserve fees, and a maintenance reserve.\nAssessed values, municipality, property type, insurance, fees, and repairs to annual cost.\nEstimates fixed-asset and city-planning tax from assessed values.\nAdds insurance, management and repair-reserve fees, and maintenance.\nDiffers for a house (self-funded reserve) and a condominium.\nAssessed values and taxes can change over time.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: assessed land and building values, municipality, property type (house or condominium), insurance, management/reserve fees, and expected repairs.\nOutputs: an estimated annual ownership cost, split into tax, insurance, condominium fees (or a self-funded house reserve), and maintenance.\nHow to interpret the result\nOwnership is a recurring annual cost; a house owner must self-fund the equivalent of a condominium’s repair reserve, which the estimate includes.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Estimates fixed-asset and city-planning tax from assessed values; Adds insurance, management and repair-reserve fees, and maintenance; Differs for a house (self-funded reserve) and a condominium; Assessed values and taxes can change over time.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.\nKey points to carry away: Estimates fixed-asset and city-planning tax from assessed values; Adds insurance, management and repair-reserve fees, and maintenance; Differs for a house (self-funded reserve) and a condominium; Assessed values and taxes can change over time. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-ownership-cost","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fixed-asset-tax","faq:loan-emergency-cash-owner"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-asset-tax","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:house-maintenance-costs"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyo-fixed-asset-tax","publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","title":"Fixed-asset tax and city-planning tax","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-document-checklist:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-document-checklist","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage document checklist","plainText":"Enter your employment and residency profile and the lender stage to generate a personalized document list — from identity and income records to the source-of-funds and property documents a foreign resident often needs.\nEmployment and residency profile and lender stage to a personalized document list.\nGenerates a personalized list by employment and residency profile.\nSplits documents by preapproval and final-approval stage.\nIncludes source-of-funds evidence for foreign residents.\nKeep documents consistent with your preapproval statements.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: employment type (employee, contract, self-employed, company owner), residency status (PR, non-PR, spouse), and the lender stage (preapproval or final approval).\nOutputs: a personalized document list — identity and residence, income and tax, employment, property and contract, and source-of-funds records tailored to your profile and stage.\nHow to interpret the result\nDiscrepancies between preapproval and final documents can cause a decline; the checklist helps you keep records consistent and complete.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Generates a personalized list by employment and residency profile; Splits documents by preapproval and final-approval stage; Includes source-of-funds evidence for foreign residents; Keep documents consistent with your preapproval statements.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.\nKey points to carry away: Generates a personalized list by employment and residency profile; Splits documents by preapproval and final-approval stage; Includes source-of-funds evidence for foreign residents; Keep documents consistent with your preapproval statements. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-document-checklist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-income-documents","faq:loan-borrow-down-payment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-income-documents","guide:property-purchase-documents","guide:foreigners-buying-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:points-vs-cashback-guide:en","entityId":"guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Points vs cashback in Japan: how rewards actually work","plainText":"Most major Japanese points (Rakuten, PayPay, d, V) are worth about ¥1 each on everyday spending; points offer flexibility but can expire, while cashback is simpler flat cash.\nWhat loyalty points are, how they differ from cashback, and how to value them honestly.\nA point is a program unit worth roughly ¥1 when redeemed on ordinary spending — not always.\nBase earn is often 1 point per ¥100 (1%); effective rate is what you get after caps, fees, and expiry.\nPoints are flexible but can expire and devalue; cashback is simpler and more certain.\nValue points at the amount you will realistically redeem, not the advertised maximum.\nRewards are a discount on spending you would do anyway — never a reason to spend more.\nPoints basics\nA loyalty point is a program-issued unit that can normally be used only within specified stores, apps, transfers, or services. In practice one point in the big Japanese ecosystems — Rakuten Points, PayPay Points, d POINT, V Points — is usually worth close to ¥1 when spent on ordinary purchases. That “¥1” is a convenient rule of thumb, not a guarantee: value depends entirely on what the program lets you redeem for.\nCashback, by contrast, is money returned as a statement credit, bank deposit, or cash-equivalent balance. It usually involves fewer redemption decisions than points, which is its main advantage.\nEarning and valuation\nMost cards award a base rate near 1 point per ¥100 (1%). A Rakuten Card ordinarily earns about 1% on eligible general spending; an Epos Card earns 1 point per ¥200 (about 0.5%) before bonuses. The base rate is only the starting point. The effective reward rate is the value you actually receive after caps, per-transaction rounding, exclusions, fees, and realistic redemption value.\nA quoted “7%” can be far lower in practice if only selected merchants and smartphone-touch transactions qualify — as with SMBC’s selected convenience-store and restaurant offer, which distinguishes eligible smartphone contactless from physical-card touch and iD.\nPoints vs cashback, and expiry\nPoints can outperform cash through merchant bonuses or high-value travel redemptions, but they carry expiration, devaluation, restricted use, and transfer losses. Most ordinary balances last one to two years; “limited-time” campaign points can expire in months and sometimes redeem only in narrow services. The safe habit is to concentrate in one active ecosystem so the balance stays alive, and to spend limited-time points quickly on everyday items.\nCashback is best for people who prioritise simplicity and certainty; points are best for people who naturally use the ecosystem or can redeem miles well.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/points-vs-cashback-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback","faq:rewards-point-value","faq:points-value"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:how-points-are-earned","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card-terms","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"Rakuten Card official site","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"epos-card-terms","publisher":"Marui / Epos","title":"Epos Card official site","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC selected convenience-store/restaurant reward terms","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-points-are-earned:en","entityId":"guide:how-points-are-earned","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How points are earned in Japan","plainText":"Points come from a base rate (often 1% on cards), plus merchant/campaign bonuses; paying with a rewarding card while scanning a point app can legitimately stack two or three rewards.\nBase rates, bonus multipliers, limited-time points, and how legitimate stacking works.\nBase earning is typically 1 point per ¥100 on cards and some e-money.\nBonus multipliers come from merchants or campaigns (e.g. Rakuten SPU).\nLimited-time/campaign points often expire quickly — check the deadline.\nClosed-loop points (nanaco, WAON) differ from transferable points (Rakuten).\nStacking = merchant point + payment point on the same purchase, when each is eligible.\nBase earning and bonus multipliers\nThe base earning rate is the ordinary rate before campaigns or merchant bonuses. Many no-fee cards give one point per ¥100 (1%); a 0.5% card gives one per ¥200. On top of that, a bonus category — a specific merchant, a mobile-service bill, transit charging, or an issuer’s own marketplace — earns above the base. Rakuten’s SPU (Super Point Up) program is the best-known multiplier: using more Rakuten services raises the marketplace point rate, subject to conditions and caps.\nLimited-time points and closed vs transferable\nCampaigns frequently issue limited-time points with a fixed, often short deadline and sometimes narrower redemption options. Rakuten, d POINT, and PayPay all distinguish some form of ordinary and limited-use rewards, so always check whether a headline bonus is ordinary or limited before you rely on it.\nPoints also differ by portability. Closed-loop points like nanaco and WAON are mostly confined to one operator group and function like store e-money. Transferable points like Rakuten Points can move across a broad partner network or into other programs — subject to minimums and ratios.\nStacking: two or three rewards on one purchase\nStacking means receiving more than one legitimate reward from the same purchase — for example, merchant points from scanning a loyalty app plus payment points from the card or QR wallet used. At a convenience store you might scan a d POINT card (merchant point) and pay with a rewarding card or QR app (payment point). The critical check is that each layer is independently eligible: a card being accepted as a wallet funding source does not prove it earns points for that charge.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/how-points-are-earned","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-stacking","faq:rewards-limited-time","faq:points-value"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:redeem-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten SPU (Super Point Up) program","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d POINT CLUB official site","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:point-value-expiry:en","entityId":"guide:point-value-expiry","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Point value, expiry, and devaluation","plainText":"Most major points are worth about ¥1, but expiry and store-locking reduce real value; ordinary PayPay Points do not expire, while d POINT lasts 48 months and nanaco/WAON about two years.\nHow much a point is really worth, how expiry works program by program, and how to avoid losses.\nValue one point at what you will realistically redeem it for, not the maximum.\nOrdinary PayPay Points have no expiry; limited-time points do.\nd POINT ordinarily expires 48 months after acquisition.\nnanaco and WAON POINT have a maximum life of roughly two years.\nConcentrate in one ecosystem and spend limited-time points first.\nWhat a point is really worth\nA nominal “one point” is not necessarily worth ¥1. When spent in-store or on the operator’s marketplace, most major points redeem near ¥1. When transferred to airline miles, merchandise, or another currency, the realised value can be well under ¥1. Rakuten Points stay close to ¥1 for everyday use, but a store-locked balance like nanaco is less flexible even at the same nominal rate. Always value at the redemption you will actually use.\nExpiry rules by program\nSome programs use a fixed expiry date; others extend the entire balance whenever qualifying activity occurs. Ordinary PayPay Points currently have no expiration, while PayPay limited-time points do. Ordinary d POINT generally expires 48 months after acquisition. Ponta and V Points typically extend with qualifying activity (roughly one year from the latest change). WAON POINT’s earning-cycle structure creates a maximum life near two years, and nanaco points earned April–March generally expire at the end of the following March. JRE POINT generally expires after two years without qualifying earning or use.\nDevaluation and avoiding loss\nDevaluation is a reduction in value from a worse transfer ratio, higher award price, lower earning rate, new cap, or narrower eligibility. Programs change rules, so a balance you plan to hold for years carries risk. To avoid quiet losses: concentrate in one active ecosystem so your balance keeps extending, set reminders for limited-time points, and redeem before an announced change takes effect rather than after.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/point-value-expiry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-limited-time","faq:rewards-no-expiry","faq:points-expiry"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:how-points-are-earned","guide:avoid-overspend-points"]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-expiry","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d POINT earning, use and expiration","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nanaco-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service","title":"nanaco points official site","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"waon-point","publisher":"AEON","title":"WAON POINT official site","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jre-point","publisher":"JR East","title":"JRE POINT official site","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:redeem-points-guide:en","entityId":"guide:redeem-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to redeem points efficiently","plainText":"Redeem most points at face value (≈¥1) on everyday spending or e-money top-ups; transferring to miles can beat ¥1 only when you have a realistic high-value award, and minimums apply.\nRedemption options, minimums, family pooling, and when transferring to miles makes sense.\nCommon uses: retailer discounts, e-money top-ups, gift vouchers, mile conversion.\nMinimums and increments apply — e.g. nanaco 500 pts → 250 ANA miles.\nSome programs allow family pooling; check the rules.\nTransferring to miles often yields under ¥1 per point unless the award is high-value.\nRedeem before expiry or an announced devaluation.\nRedemption options and minimums\nThe most reliable redemptions keep points near ¥1: paying at partner stores, topping up e-money, or applying points inside the operator’s app. Gift vouchers and merchandise vary and can be worse than ¥1. Watch minimums and increments — for example, nanaco points convert to ANA miles at 500 points for 250 miles, and many programs redeem only in fixed steps. Small minimums reduce the risk of stranded balances.\nTransferring to miles or other programs\nTransfer partners let you convert points into another currency, usually with a minimum, ratio, monthly limit, or restricted expiration. Ponta transfers to JAL miles at roughly two Ponta to one mile; several card points transfer to ANA or JAL. Direct conversion to miles often yields under ¥0.5 per point unless you have a genuinely high-value award (a long-haul premium seat you would actually buy). Do not transfer speculatively — transfer only to solve a specific redemption you will use.\nFamily pooling and foreign-friendly redemptions\nSome programs allow designated relatives to share or use points, which can help a household reach useful thresholds faster; rules differ by program. For redemptions that do not require a Japanese address — online shopping, e-money, in-app payment — points remain useful even if you move. Remember that points used at the time of an ordinary personal purchase are generally treated as a discount, not taxable income.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/redeem-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-transfer-miles","faq:rewards-minimum-redemption","faq:points-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:mile-value-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"ponta-jal","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"Ponta ↔ JAL mile exchange","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ana-mileage","publisher":"All Nippon Airways","title":"ANA Mileage Club","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nanaco-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service","title":"nanaco points official site","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nta-points-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"NTA — treatment of purchase-linked points","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/law/shitsugi/shotoku/02/37.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:avoid-overspend-points:en","entityId":"guide:avoid-overspend-points","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Avoiding reward traps and debt","plainText":"A one-percent reward never justifies buying something unnecessary, carrying revolving credit-card debt, missing a payment, or tying up money badly — rewards should only discount spending you would do anyway.\nWhy chasing campaigns can cost more than it returns, and how to keep rewards from driving spending.\nChasing campaigns can cost more time and money than the reward is worth.\nPoints are a discount only when the spending was already planned.\nRevolving-credit interest can overwhelm years of rewards.\nMissed payments hurt your credit history in Japan.\nValue your time: an extra ¥6,000/year needing two hours a month is worth little.\nCampaign hype and spending discipline\nCampaigns are designed to change behaviour. A “lottery” or “up to” headline uses the top prize, not the expected value, and many campaigns require entry, a specific funding source, minimum transactions, or a deadline. Chasing them can cost more attention than they return. The central discipline is simple: points are a discount when you were going to make the purchase anyway, and a loss when they persuade you to buy something you did not need. A ¥10,000 purchase made only to earn 100 points is a ¥9,900 loss.\nDebt risk and credit score\nThe most dangerous trap is using revolving credit (リボ払い) to chase points. Japanese revolving interest is high and can overwhelm years of rewards; point optimisation should always assume paying every card in full each month. Missed or late payments also harm your credit history in Japan, which matters for future cards, loans, and even some rentals. No reward rate is worth risking that.\nValue your time\nEven legitimate optimisation has a cost. An extra ¥6,000 per year that requires two hours of tracking every month is worth only about ¥250 per hour before error and overspending risk. A sensible rule is to automate one primary ecosystem, ignore campaigns that change your purchasing behaviour, and review balances monthly rather than daily. Simplicity is usually the higher-return strategy.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/avoid-overspend-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-overspend","faq:rewards-revolving"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","guide:points-cashback-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","title":"Payment and Settlement Systems","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-points-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"NTA — treatment of purchase-linked points","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/law/shitsugi/shotoku/02/37.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rakuten-points-guide:en","entityId":"guide:rakuten-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Point ecosystem guide","plainText":"Rakuten Points work across Rakuten shopping, card, pay, mobile, bank, and securities; they redeem at about ¥1 each, ordinary points extend with activity, and the SPU program raises marketplace earning.\nHow Rakuten Points are earned, used, and transferred across the Rakuten group.\nOperator: Rakuten Group; free Rakuten ID, no Japanese address needed for online shopping.\nRakuten Card earns about 1% (1 point per ¥100) on eligible general spend.\nSPU raises Rakuten Ichiba earning when you use more group services (caps apply).\nOrdinary points redeem at ≈¥1; limited-time points expire faster and are often non-transferable.\nBest fit: heavy Rakuten shoppers and residents inside the ecosystem.\nHow you earn and what it is worth\nRakuten Points are issued by Rakuten Group and used across Rakuten Ichiba, Rakuten Travel, Rakuten Pay, Rakuten Mobile, Rakuten Bank, and Rakuten Securities. Anyone can register a free Rakuten ID. The Rakuten Card ordinarily earns about 1% on eligible general purchases; Rakuten Ichiba adds marketplace points, and the SPU (Super Point Up) program raises the Ichiba rate as you use more group services, subject to conditions, caps, and limited-time treatment. Merchant presentation rates vary, and most points redeem at roughly ¥1 each.\nExpiry, transfers, and best card\nOrdinary Rakuten Points use activity-based validity, so a balance that keeps earning or spending stays alive; limited-time points have fixed deadlines and are generally excluded from transfers and some services. Points redeem at ≈¥1 on Rakuten sites and at local shops via Rakuten Pay, and can top up Suica through supported routes. Several exchange partners exist, but limited-time points are usually ineligible. The natural card is the no-fee Rakuten Card; note that card applications require Japanese residence and an address even though Rakuten offers some English information.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/rakuten-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-rakuten-spu","faq:points-which-ecosystem"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:rakuten-card","guide:rakuten-pay-guide","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-point","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten Point official site","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-point-club","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten PointClub (rank & point rules)","url":"https://pointclub.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-card-terms","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"Rakuten Card official site","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten SPU (Super Point Up) program","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:paypay-points-guide:en","entityId":"guide:paypay-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PayPay Points ecosystem guide","plainText":"PayPay is Japan’s dominant QR wallet; ordinary PayPay Points do not expire and redeem at ≈¥1, PayPay Step conditions govern earning, and points can exchange one-to-one with V Points (with limits).\nHow PayPay Points are earned through PayPay Step and campaigns, and why ordinary points do not expire.\nOperator: PayPay Corporation; app account with Japanese mobile authentication.\nOrdinary PayPay Points have no expiration; limited-time points expire.\nPayPay Step (with required KYC since June 2, 2026) governs the earn rate.\nPoint-funded portions do not earn Step rewards; points cannot be sent or withdrawn.\nOne-to-one V Point exchange from 100 points, with daily/monthly limits.\nEarning, Step, and campaigns\nPayPay is a code-payment platform accepted at a very large merchant network, including convenience stores, retail chains, and small shops. You register in the app with Japanese mobile authentication. Earning is governed by PayPay Step, whose eligibility depends on payment method and monthly conditions; since June 2, 2026 identity verification is required, and any portion paid with PayPay Points is excluded from Step rewards. Frequent nationwide campaigns and lotteries add value, but their advertised “up to” rates assume perfect eligibility.\nNo-expiry ordinary points, use, and exchange\nThe headline advantage is that ordinary PayPay Points have no expiration, so casual small-merchant spending accumulates without expiry pressure; limited-time points do expire and are usable only in designated LINE Yahoo services. Ordinary points (≈¥1) can pay for any PayPay balance purchase, and some bill payments, but points cannot be sent to friends or withdrawn — only eligible PayPay Money can. Since March 2026, points can exchange one-to-one with V Points from 100 points, subject to daily and monthly limits.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/paypay-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-expiry","faq:rewards-paypay-vpoint","faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:paypay-app-guide","guide:paypay-card","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-step","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Step reward program","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-vpoint-exchange","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points ↔ V Point exchange","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0402/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:d-point-club-guide:en","entityId":"guide:d-point-club-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"d POINT (NTT DOCOMO) program guide","plainText":"A free d Account is open to anyone, even without a docomo contract; d払い earns about 0.5% (1% with eligible d Card funding), and ordinary d POINT generally expires 48 months after acquisition.\nHow d POINT works for docomo and non-docomo users, including d払い and d CARD.\nOperator: NTT DOCOMO; d Account available even without a docomo mobile contract.\nMerchant earn rates vary; d払い normally earns 0.5%, or ~1% with eligible d Card funding.\nStrong presence at Lawson and many participating merchants.\nOrdinary d POINT generally expires 48 months after acquisition.\nAirline and partner exchanges exist; ratios and minimums vary.\nJoining and earning\nd POINT is operated by NTT DOCOMO, and a free d Account can be created by anyone as a private individual — you do not need a docomo mobile contract. You earn by presenting a d POINT card or app at participating merchants (Lawson and many others), by using d払い, and through the d Card. Merchant rates vary; d払い normally earns about 0.5%, rising to roughly 1% before store points when funded by an eligible d Card (0.5% payment plus 0.5% funding bonus). Note that from September 1, 2026, the d Card funding bonus was scheduled to be issued as limited-time/use points.\nUsing, expiry, and transfers\nd POINT redeems at ≈¥1 at partner stores such as Lawson and docomo shops, can offset docomo phone bills, and can pay through the d払い app. Ordinary d POINT generally expires 48 months after acquisition, while limited-time/use points have their own shorter deadlines and eligible services. Airline and partner exchanges exist with varying ratios and minimums. For foreign residents, no docomo contract is needed to join, but app SMS authentication commonly requires a Japanese phone number.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/d-point-club-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-dpoint-account","faq:rewards-dbarai-rate"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:d-barai-guide","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d POINT CLUB official site","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-expiry","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d POINT earning, use and expiration","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dbarai","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d払い (d Barai) official site","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dcard","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d CARD official site","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ponta-points-guide:en","entityId":"guide:ponta-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Ponta points program guide","plainText":"Ponta is earned at Lawson, au, Recruit services, and partners at ≈¥1 per point; it exchanges to JAL miles at about two Ponta to one mile, and a standard balance generally expires after one year without activity.\nHow Ponta ties Lawson, au, Recruit, and JAL together, and how expiry works.\nOperator: Loyalty Marketing within the KDDI/Recruit ecosystem.\nEarn at Lawson, au, Recruit services, and participating retailers.\nau integration: Ponta and au PAY connect for spending and billing.\nExchanges to JAL miles at roughly two Ponta to one mile.\nStandard balance generally expires after one year without qualifying activity.\nEarning and the au connection\nPonta is a merchant-specific loyalty currency earned at Lawson, au services, Recruit services (such as Hot Pepper and Jalan), gas stations, and many other affiliates, commonly usable around ¥1 per point. Its defining feature is the KDDI/au integration: Ponta is the point companion for au PAY, so au and UQ mobile customers can earn and spend Ponta through the wallet and pay au-related bills. Presenting the Ponta ID (card or app) before paying is what triggers the merchant reward.\nRedemption, JAL, and expiry\nPonta typically redeems at ≈¥1 at the same stores or through au-service redemptions; for example, 100 Ponta can become ¥100 of au PAY balance. Its most valuable transfer is to JAL miles, ordinarily at two Ponta points to one mile, which makes it a natural fit for JAL flyers. A standard Ponta balance generally expires after one year without an earning or use transaction, though some KDDI-issued or campaign points follow different rules. Foreign residents can join Lawson Ponta easily, but linking to au PAY generally needs a Japanese mobile or bank account.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/ponta-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-ponta-jal","faq:points-which-ecosystem"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:au-pay-guide","guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"ponta-official","publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","title":"Ponta / Recruit point program","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ponta-jal","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"Ponta ↔ JAL mile exchange","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aupay-app","publisher":"KDDI","title":"au PAY official site","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:v-points-guide:en","entityId":"guide:v-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"V Points (SMBC/Visa) program guide","plainText":"V Points integrate the former T Point and SMBC V Point systems; they redeem near ¥1 at many partner stores, exchange one-to-one with PayPay Points (limits apply), and connect to SMBC/Olive cards and SBI Securities.\nThe merged T Point / SMBC V Point network, and how it links cards, banking, and investment.\nOperator: CCC/SMBC-led V Point network (former T Point integrated).\nEarn by presenting the mobile V Point card and by using SMBC-linked cards.\nOne-to-one PayPay exchange, minimum 100, once per day, up to 30,000/month.\nAlso supports WAON exchanges under current terms.\nUsually one year from the latest qualifying balance change; converted balances can differ.\nEarning across the V Point network\nV Points are the merged system of the former T Point and SMBC’s V Point, operated in the CCC/SMBC-led network. You earn by presenting the mobile V Point card or a physical point card at partners (convenience stores, FamilyMart, and many retailers), by using SMBC-linked Visa cards, and through account and investment activity. Merchant presentation and card-payment rates vary, and practical cash-like use is often near ¥1 through eligible redemptions.\nExchange, uses, and expiry\nV Points redeem at ≈¥1 at a very large partner network and can pay SMBC card charges, fund investment at SBI Securities, or load V Point Pay for contactless Visa use. Since March 2026 they exchange one-to-one with PayPay Points, minimum 100, once per day and up to 30,000 per month — but a converted V balance carries a fixed one-year validity, so exchange should solve an actual redemption problem, not just move points between apps. Ordinary points usually extend for one year from the latest qualifying balance change.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/v-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-paypay-vpoint","faq:rewards-vpoint-waon"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:smbc-numberless-card","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"vpoint-official","publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","title":"V Point official site","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-vpoint-exchange","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points ↔ V Point exchange","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0402/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"waon-point","publisher":"AEON","title":"WAON POINT official site","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:waon-point-guide:en","entityId":"guide:waon-point-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"WAON POINT (AEON) program guide","plainText":"WAON POINT is AEON’s loyalty currency, earned at AEON-group stores and usable at ≈¥1, with a maximum life of roughly two years; it is distinct from WAON stored-value e-money.\nHow WAON POINT rewards AEON-group grocery shopping, and how it differs from WAON e-money.\nOperator: AEON Group; AEON apps, WAON POINT card, and eligible AEON/WAON cards.\nEarned especially at AEON-group stores; generally usable at about ¥1 per point.\nAEON Card and special member days can raise earning on group stores.\nMaximum life of roughly two years under the earning-cycle structure.\nWAON POINT (loyalty) is different from WAON electronic money (stored value).\nEarning at AEON-group stores\nWAON POINT is the AEON Group’s loyalty currency. You obtain it through the AEON/iAEON apps, a WAON POINT card, or eligible WAON/AEON cards, and earn merchant-specific points especially at AEON-group stores such as AEON, MaxValu, and other group supermarkets. Paying with an AEON Card, and shopping on special member days, can raise the effective earn on group stores. Because grocery shopping is high-frequency, these store-specific days and coupons can matter more than a small difference between general-purpose cards.\nUse, expiry, and the e-money distinction\nWAON POINT redeems at ≈¥1 toward purchases at AEON-group and affiliated shops and can be exchanged into other value under current rules, including topping up WAON electronic money. The earning-cycle structure means points earned in a period expire at the end of a later fiscal-style cycle, producing a maximum life of roughly two years. Keep the two “WAON” concepts separate: WAON POINT is a loyalty currency, while WAON electronic money is a prepaid stored-value rail — older materials sometimes blur them. AEON Card applications are generally limited to residents.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/waon-point-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco","faq:rewards-supermarket-best"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:supermarket-points","guide:aeon-card","guide:emoney-payment-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"waon-point","publisher":"AEON","title":"WAON POINT official site","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aeon-card","publisher":"AEON Financial Service","title":"AEON Card official site","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/ct/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nanaco-points-guide:en","entityId":"guide:nanaco-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"nanaco points (Seven & i) program guide","plainText":"nanaco points are earned at Seven & i merchants, convert into nanaco electronic money at ¥1 each, and points earned April–March generally expire at the end of the following March — a largely closed-loop system.\nHow nanaco points are earned at Seven & i stores, converted to e-money, and how expiry works.\nOperator: Seven & i (Seven Card Service); free nanaco card or app.\nEarned at participating Seven & i merchants and campaigns.\nPoints convert into nanaco electronic money (¥1 each) after registration.\nPoints earned April–March generally expire at the end of the following March.\nPrimarily a closed-loop Seven & i value system, not an airline-transfer currency.\nEarning and converting to e-money\nnanaco points are operated within Seven & i Holdings and earned at participating merchants — Seven-Eleven, Ito-Yokado, Denny’s and others — plus campaigns. You get a free nanaco card or mobile app. Accumulated points can be converted into nanaco electronic money at ¥1 each, which you then spend across the Seven & i network. A key caution: never assume that charging nanaco with an arbitrary credit card earns that card’s points — only specifically eligible funding routes qualify.\nExpiry and closed-loop nature\nPoints earned from April through the following March generally expire at the end of the next March, creating a maximum life near two years. nanaco is primarily a closed-loop Seven & i value system rather than an airline-transfer currency, so its value is realised inside the Seven & i network. Foreign residents can use nanaco with little friction (no ID for basic use), though earning base card points requires a specifically eligible card. The best fit is anyone who regularly shops at Seven-Eleven and Ito-Yokado.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/nanaco-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco","faq:rewards-seven-eleven-best"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:convenience-store-points","guide:emoney-payment-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"nanaco-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service","title":"nanaco points official site","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:jre-point-guide:en","entityId":"guide:jre-point-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JRE POINT and transit rewards (JR East)","plainText":"Registered Mobile Suica earns 1 JRE POINT per ¥50 (2%) on eligible JR East rides while registered physical Suica earns 1 per ¥200 (0.5%); View Card charging adds 1.5%, and points redeem at ≈¥1.\nHow commuters earn JRE POINT via Suica and View cards, and how ride points differ by device.\nOperator: JR East; account, app, registered Suica, and station-building cards.\nRegistered Mobile Suica: 1 point per ¥50 (2%) on eligible JR East rides.\nRegistered physical Suica: 1 point per ¥200 (0.5%) on eligible rides.\nView Card charging earns 1.5%, stacking with ride points.\nBalance generally expires after two years without qualifying activity.\nEarning JRE POINT on rides and charging\nJRE POINT unifies Suica, eki-net, and station-building rewards under JR East. You get a JRE POINT card or use Mobile Suica linked to a JRE POINT account. The ride-earning rate depends on the device: registered Mobile Suica earns one point per ¥50 on eligible JR East rides (2%), while registered physical Suica earns one per ¥200 (0.5%). Charging Suica with a View card adds about 1.5%, so a registered Mobile Suica funded by a View card can stack a nominal 3.5% on eligible travel. The Suica must be registered to JRE POINT to earn ride points.\nUsing points and expiry\nPoints are commonly usable at ≈¥1 each: at station stores, kiosks, and shopping malls, charged to Suica, or applied to JR East train products. Not every Suica transaction is a qualifying JR East ride — the 2% rate applies to eligible rides, not every merchant purchase, and pass products have separate rates. The balance generally expires after two years without qualifying earning or use, with activity extending validity. Many railway rewards need a Japanese address and phone, so they can be less accessible to non-residents.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/jre-point-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-suica-register","faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:train-commuter-rewards","guide:view-card-standard","guide:mobile-suica-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"jre-point","publisher":"JR East","title":"JRE POINT official site","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jre-suica","publisher":"JR East","title":"JR East Suica / JRE POINT ride rewards","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"view-card","publisher":"JR East","title":"View Card official site","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:convenience-store-points:en","entityId":"guide:convenience-store-points","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Convenience-store loyalty programs","plainText":"Each chain has its own program: 7-Eleven/nanaco, Lawson/Ponta and d POINT, FamilyMart/V Points and FamiPay, Ministop/WAON — present the membership code, then pay with the best eligible route.\nWhich point brand each major konbini uses, and how to combine store and payment rewards.\n7-Eleven: nanaco and Seven Mile; Lawson: Ponta and d POINT.\nFamilyMart: V Points (former T-Point) and FamiPay; Ministop: WAON.\nPresent the store membership code before paying where required.\nThe store app may add coupons or missions independent of the payment reward.\nSMBC NL smartphone-touch can reach 7% at eligible chains (method-specific).\nWhich program each chain uses\nConvenience stores each anchor a different point brand. Seven-Eleven uses nanaco (plus Seven Mile through the app). Lawson participates in both Ponta and d POINT, so you can present either. FamilyMart uses V Points (the former T-Point) and its own FamiPay wallet, which adds a cash-back layer. Ministop, in the AEON group, uses WAON POINT. Presenting the correct membership code before paying is what earns the merchant point; the payment method earns a separate reward on top.\nCombining store and payment rewards\nThe efficient pattern is to scan the store membership, apply any app coupon, then pay with the best eligible route — a rewarding card or a QR wallet. Where you use SMBC’s selected-store smartphone-touch route at eligible chains, the reward can reach seven percent, but only via the exact eligible smartphone contactless path; physical-card touch and iD are excluded, and you must not add a separate base 0.5% because seven percent already includes it. Card rewards are normally calculated on the amount after any coupon discount.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/convenience-store-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-seven-eleven-best","faq:rewards-lawson-best","faq:rewards-familymart-best"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:convenience-shopper-rewards","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:smbc-numberless-card"]},"sources":[{"id":"nanaco-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service","title":"nanaco points official site","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ponta-official","publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","title":"Ponta / Recruit point program","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d POINT CLUB official site","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"vpoint-official","publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","title":"V Point official site","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC selected convenience-store/restaurant reward terms","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:supermarket-points:en","entityId":"guide:supermarket-points","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Supermarket loyalty programs","plainText":"AEON uses WAON POINT, Ito-Yokado uses nanaco, Seiyu leans on Rakuten Points, and several chains use their own cards; a store’s high-frequency member days often outweigh a small card-rate difference.\nWhich points major supermarkets use, and why store-specific member days often beat card differences.\nAEON/MaxValu: WAON POINT; Ito-Yokado: nanaco.\nSeiyu leans on Rakuten Points; Life uses LaCuCa; Tokyu Store uses TOKYU POINT.\nLocal co-op and chain cards can dominate in one region.\nStore member days and coupons often beat a small general-card difference.\nOnline grocery (e.g. Rakuten Seiyu Netsuper) can add ecosystem points.\nWhich points supermarkets use\nSupermarket rewards are fragmented. AEON-group stores (AEON, MaxValu) use WAON POINT; Ito-Yokado uses nanaco; Seiyu leans toward Rakuten Points; Life uses its LaCuCa card; Tokyu Store uses TOKYU POINT; and many local co-op and regional chains run their own cards that can dominate in one prefecture. Because groceries are bought frequently, the practical winner is usually the store you actually visit weekly, paired with its own program rather than a marginally higher general card.\nMember days and payment choice\nA supermarket’s own high-frequency member days — discounts on the 5th and 20th, senior days, or double-point days — can outweigh a small difference between general-purpose cards, so join the store’s free program first. Then pay with WAON at AEON or a rewarding card/e-money elsewhere to add a payment reward. Online grocery services such as Rakuten Seiyu Netsuper can also earn ecosystem points, which is useful if you already concentrate in that ecosystem.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/supermarket-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-supermarket-best","faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:waon-point-guide","guide:nanaco-points-guide","guide:family-rewards"]},"sources":[{"id":"waon-point","publisher":"AEON","title":"WAON POINT official site","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nanaco-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service","title":"nanaco points official site","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-point","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten Point official site","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:electronics-store-points:en","entityId":"guide:electronics-store-points","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Electronics-store points (Bic, Yodobashi, Yamada)","plainText":"Chains like Yodobashi and Bic Camera award high store points (often ~10% on cash), but card payment can lower the rate and rival stores may have a lower cash price — compare the final price, warranty, and points together.\nHow high electronics-store point rates work, and why the final cash price still matters most.\nYodobashi Gold Point and BicCamera points can be high (often ~10% on cash).\nYamada, Edion, Joshin, and K’s run their own point cards.\nCard payment can reduce the store-point rate on some products.\nBic Camera Suica cards combine store points with Suica/JRE functions.\nCompare final cash price, warranty, and points — not the headline percentage alone.\nHow electronics points work\nElectronics chains give unusually high store-point rates — Yodobashi’s Gold Point and BicCamera points are commonly around 10% when you pay by cash — and Yamada, Edion, Joshin, and K’s Denki run their own cards, typically near 1% or with promotional discount days. The catch is that paying by credit card can lower the store-point rate on some products, because the store shares the card-network cost. Bic Camera Suica cards are a useful hybrid, combining store points with Suica and JRE POINT functionality.\nWhy the final price matters most\nA higher headline point rate is not automatically the better deal. Store-point rates can differ by product and payment method, so you should compare the final cash price after points, the warranty, and any reduced-point payment method across retailers. Buying from a more expensive store for more points rarely wins unless the usable reward and other benefits exceed the price gap. Point-reduced payment (paying partly with existing points) can also change which method earns most.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/electronics-store-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:bic-camera-suica-card","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store"]},"sources":[{"id":"view-card","publisher":"JR East","title":"View Card official site","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fuel-points-automobile:en","entityId":"guide:fuel-points-automobile","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fuel and automobile rewards","plainText":"Fuel chains link to points (ENEOS, Idemitsu/Ponta or Rakuten, Cosmo) and proprietary fuel cards; convert any yen-per-litre discount into an effective percentage at the current pump price, and value a nearby station over theoretical network breadth.\nHow fuel-chain points work and why yen-per-litre discounts should be converted to a percentage.\nENEOS-linked programs and cards; Idemitsu relates to Ponta or Rakuten.\nCosmo and proprietary fuel cards offer per-litre discounts.\nConvert yen-per-litre discounts into an effective percentage at pump price.\nA nearby station usually matters more than network breadth.\nCar rental and maintenance chains (e.g. Autobacs) run their own points.\nFuel-chain points and cards\nFuel rewards come in two forms: national point participation and proprietary fuel cards. ENEOS links to point programs and its own cards; Idemitsu (apollostation) relates to Ponta or Rakuten depending on the offer; Cosmo and others run proprietary cards. A fuel card often gives a per-litre discount rather than a percentage, which makes comparison confusing. The correct method is to convert the yen-per-litre discount into an effective percentage at the current pump price, then compare it with a general 1% card.\nLocation, rental, and maintenance\nFor fuel, a nearby station with a pump-price discount usually matters more than a theoretically broader network — the time and detour cost of driving to a distant station can erase the reward. Car rental (Times, Nippon Rent-A-Car) and maintenance chains (Autobacs) run their own point cards, which are worth joining only if you use them regularly. As always, treat these rewards as a discount on driving you would do anyway.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/fuel-points-automobile","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-fuel-percentage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ponta-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"ponta-official","publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","title":"Ponta / Recruit point program","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-point","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten Point official site","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:restaurant-points-guide:en","entityId":"guide:restaurant-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Restaurant and food-delivery rewards","plainText":"Most dining has no unified points program; chain apps and mobile-order coupons usually beat base points, and food-delivery markups and fees often exceed the points earned — pay with a rewarding card and use coupons.\nWhy app coupons usually beat base points at restaurants, and how delivery markups eat rewards.\nNo major unified restaurant point program in Japan.\nChain apps (Starbucks Rewards, Sukiya/Zensho, McDonald’s) and coupons add value.\nMobile-order coupons often beat base points but may reduce card-point-eligible spend.\nFood delivery (Uber Eats, Wolt, Demae-can) is coupon-driven; markups can exceed points.\nNational point partners still let you earn on the card or QR payment.\nRestaurants: apps and coupons over base points\nThere is no major unified restaurant loyalty program in Japan, so value comes from chain-specific apps and national point partners. Starbucks Rewards, the Zensho/Sukiya apps, McDonald’s, and mobile-order campaigns frequently produce greater value than base points — but a coupon may reduce the amount on which card points are calculated. The practical move is to use the chain app’s coupon, then pay with a rewarding card or QR wallet where the merchant is a point partner, so you still earn the payment reward.\nFood delivery: watch the markup\nFood delivery apps such as Uber Eats, Wolt, and Demae-can are driven by temporary coupons rather than a steady base reward. The important caution is economic, not point-related: delivery menu markups, delivery fees, and service fees can easily exceed any points earned. Compare the menu price, delivery fee, service fee, and coupon value against ordering directly or picking up. Points should never justify a delivery you would not otherwise pay for.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/restaurant-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-food-delivery-worth"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:stacking-credit-qr-store"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-point","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten Point official site","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d POINT CLUB official site","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ecommerce-points-programs:en","entityId":"guide:ecommerce-points-programs","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"E-commerce marketplace points","plainText":"Rakuten Ichiba earns Rakuten Points plus SPU, Yahoo Shopping earns PayPay Points (strong with PayPay Card), Amazon Japan earns modest Amazon points, and au PAY Market earns Ponta — compare the delivered price after coupons, shipping, and points.\nHow Rakuten Ichiba, Amazon Japan, Yahoo Shopping, and au PAY Market points compare.\nRakuten Ichiba: Rakuten Points (1% base) plus SPU multipliers and campaigns.\nYahoo Shopping: PayPay Points, boosted by PayPay Card and weekly coupons.\nAmazon Japan: modest Amazon points, often higher with a linked Mastercard.\nau PAY Market (Wowma): Ponta/au points, integrated with au services.\nCompare the delivered price after coupons, shipping, and points — not the point rate alone.\nHow the major marketplaces earn\nRakuten Ichiba earns Rakuten Points at a 1% base plus SPU multipliers and periodic mega-campaigns, so integrated Rakuten users can exceed a general card. Yahoo Shopping earns PayPay Points, and pairing it with the PayPay Card and weekly coupons can produce a high combined return. Amazon Japan earns modest Amazon points on eligible items, sometimes higher with a linked Mastercard. au PAY Market (formerly Wowma) earns Ponta/au points and suits au customers. Ecosystem bonuses can beat general-card rewards, but caps and prices must be compared.\nCompare the delivered price\nMarketplace campaigns often require entry and have low caps, and headline point rates can distract from the total cost. Compare the item’s delivered price after coupons, shipping, and points across marketplaces, and prefer the ecosystem you already concentrate in so the points stay useful. For Rakuten, remember that several SPU and campaign components are limited-time points that expire faster and are usually non-transferable, so discount them when comparing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/ecommerce-points-programs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon","faq:rewards-rakuten-spu"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:compare-point-ecosystems","guide:ecommerce-stacking"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-point","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten Point official site","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten SPU (Super Point Up) program","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ponta-official","publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","title":"Ponta / Recruit point program","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bank-brokerage-rewards:en","entityId":"guide:bank-brokerage-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Bank and brokerage rewards","plainText":"Banks award points for salary deposits, direct debits, or balances, and brokerages (SBI/V Points, Rakuten Securities/Rakuten Points, eSmart/Ponta) reward card-funded investing — but caps, fund fees, and suitability come before points.\nHow banks and brokerages award points, and why suitability comes before the reward.\nBanks may award points for salary deposits, direct debits, or balances.\nSBI Securities pairs with V Points; Rakuten Securities with Rakuten Points.\neSmart Securities (au Kabucom successor) pairs with Ponta.\nCard-funded investing has monthly caps, fund restrictions, and spend conditions.\nInvestment suitability, fees, and risk come before points — always.\nBank rewards\nSeveral banks award points for relationship activity — salary deposits, direct debits, and account balances — including Rakuten Bank, SMBC/Olive, au Jibun Bank, and PayPay Bank. These can be a genuine bonus if you already bank there, but changing banks solely for a small reward can create operational risk (fee changes, transfer friction, and account-setup effort). Treat bank points as a tie-breaker between otherwise suitable accounts, not a reason to move your primary banking.\nBrokerage and card-funded investing\nBrokerages reward card-funded fund purchases: SBI Securities pairs with V Points and SMBC cards, Rakuten Securities with Rakuten Points, and eSmart Securities (the au Kabucom successor) with Ponta. Published maximum rates depend on card tier and annual-spend or service conditions and are not the ordinary rate for most users; monthly investment limits also apply. Critically, this is not free yield — market risk, fund expense ratios, card fees, and caps all remain. Choose the fund and platform on suitability and total cost first, and treat points as a secondary tie-breaker.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/bank-brokerage-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-card-investing","faq:rewards-card-investing-risk"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:annual-fee-calculator","guide:v-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-vpoint-invest","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"Olive / SBI card-investment rewards","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/creditmode/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-card-terms","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"Rakuten Card official site","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aupay-card","publisher":"au Financial Service","title":"au PAY Card official site","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:global-point-guide:en","entityId":"guide:global-point-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Global Point (Mitsubishi UFJ Card) guide","plainText":"Global Point is the Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS card currency: roughly 1 point per ¥1,000 of monthly spend, worth about ¥5 on the better redemption routes, expiring two years after it is earned.\nHow Global Point is earned on Mitsubishi UFJ Card products, what a point is worth by redemption route, and the two-year expiry rule.\nOperator: Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS; earned on Mitsubishi UFJ Card products including VIASO and the gold/platinum tiers.\nBase earning is about 1 point per ¥1,000 of monthly spend — the total is summed before rounding, so small purchases still count.\nA point is worth roughly ¥5 on the stronger exchange routes, which puts the base return near 0.5%.\nPoints expire two years after the month they are earned; there is no activity-based extension.\nThe POINT名人.com mall and named merchant programs multiply earning, but only through the stated route.\nHow Global Point is earned\nGlobal Point is the reward currency of Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS credit cards, including the standard Mitsubishi UFJ Card, the VIASO card, Gold Prestige and the Platinum American Express tier. Base earning is stated as one point per ¥1,000 including tax, calculated on the monthly statement total rather than per transaction, so several small purchases in a month are added together before the remainder is dropped. Named merchant programs and the issuer’s POINT名人.com shopping mall raise the multiple substantially, but only when the purchase goes through the stated route or registered merchant — those uplifts are conditional and are not the base rate. The VIASO card is the exception worth knowing about: instead of manual redemption, its accumulated points are converted to a statement cashback once a year above a minimum threshold.\nWhat a point is worth, and when it dies\nGlobal Point does not have a single fixed value — it depends on where you send it. Exchanges into other loyalty currencies and gift cards are commonly quoted at around ¥5 per point, which is what puts the base earn rate near 0.5% in real terms; weaker routes are worth less, so comparing “1 point per ¥1,000” against a program that pays 1 point per ¥100 tells you nothing until both are converted to yen. The expiry rule is the part that catches people: points lapse two years after the month in which they were earned, and unlike Rakuten Points there is no mechanism where continued activity extends an older balance. Practically, that means checking the balance and its expiry schedule at least once a year rather than treating the account as a savings pot. Redemption options published by the issuer include statement credits, gift cards, transfers to partner point programs and airline miles, each with its own rate and minimum exchange unit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/global-point-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-value","faq:points-expiry"],"products":["product:mitsubishi-ufj-card","product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige","product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso"],"guides":["guide:point-value-expiry","guide:compare-point-ecosystems","guide:redeem-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"mufg-global-point","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","title":"Global Point program (Mitsubishi UFJ Card)","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mufg-point-service","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card point service overview","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/reason/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mitsubishi-ufj-card-rewards","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card: rewards","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:j-point-jcb-guide:en","entityId":"guide:j-point-jcb-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"J-POINT (JCB) guide","plainText":"J-POINT is JCB’s card currency since January 2026, replacing Oki Doki points; existing balances were converted automatically, and redemption value still varies sharply by exchange route.\nWhat replaced Oki Doki points in January 2026, how J-POINT is earned on JCB cards, and how redemption value varies by route.\nOperator: JCB; J-POINT replaced Oki Doki points on 13 January 2026 and balances were converted automatically.\nEarning is calculated on the monthly statement total, so small purchases are not discarded transaction by transaction.\nJCB Card W and W plus L earn at an enhanced base multiple compared with ordinary JCB cards.\nThe J-POINT Mall (formerly Oki Doki Land) multiplies earning at partner shops, but only via that route.\nRedemption value differs a lot by option — compare in yen, not in points.\nFrom Oki Doki points to J-POINT\nJCB renewed its long-running Oki Doki point program as J-POINT on 13 January 2026. Members did not need to do anything: existing Oki Doki balances were converted automatically at the announced ratio, and the shopping mall was rebranded from Oki Doki Land to the J-POINT Mall. Because the conversion changed the number of points a balance is expressed in, older third-party articles quoting Oki Doki exchange rates — “1,000-yen gift card for 300 points” and similar — are no longer a safe guide to what a J-POINT balance buys. Check the current exchange table on JCB’s own program page before assuming a redemption is worthwhile.\nEarning and redeeming\nPoints are calculated on the monthly card-use total rather than per transaction, so a month of small purchases still accrues. The base multiple depends on the card: JCB Card W and JCB Card W plus L earn at an enhanced rate relative to ordinary JCB cards, while the gold, premier and top tiers are weighted to services rather than to a higher base rate. Partner merchants and the J-POINT Mall raise the multiple, but only for purchases made through the stated route, and campaign awards are separate from the base again. On the redemption side, the range of options — gift cards, statement credits, partner point programs and airline miles including ANA and JAL — carries very different effective values, and the miles routes usually depend on which conversion course you have enrolled in. As with every issuer currency, convert both sides to yen before deciding whether a card that “gives more points” actually pays more.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/j-point-jcb-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-value","faq:rewards-point-value"],"products":["product:jcb-card-w","product:jcb-card-s","product:jcb-gold"],"guides":["guide:jcb-card-w","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-jpoint","publisher":"JCB","title":"J-POINT program (JCB)","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jcb-jpoint-renewal","publisher":"JCB","title":"Oki Doki points renewed as J-POINT (January 2026)","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/release/point-renewal_2506.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jcb-card-w-rewards","publisher":"JCB","title":"JCB Card W: rewards","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:eikyu-fumetsu-points-guide:en","entityId":"guide:eikyu-fumetsu-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Permanent Points (Saison Eikyu Fumetsu) guide","plainText":"Permanent Points are Credit Saison’s card currency and carry no expiry date while your membership is valid; earning is about 1 point per ¥1,000, and a point is worth roughly ¥5 on the better routes.\nCredit Saison’s no-expiry point currency: how it is earned, what a point is actually worth, and where the “永久不滅” promise stops.\nOperator: Credit Saison; earned across the Saison card range including the Saison Amex products.\nNo expiry date while the membership remains valid — the headline feature of the program.\nBase earning is about 1 point per ¥1,000 of monthly spend, worth roughly ¥5 on stronger routes (~0.5%).\nSaison Pearl Amex pays an elevated rate on QUICPay via Apple Pay / Google Pay, subject to an annual cap.\n“No expiry” applies to the points, not the card — points are lost if the membership ends.\nHow Permanent Points are earned\nPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) are the currency of Credit Saison cards, from the no-fee Saison Card International through the Saison Amex range to the gold and platinum tiers. Base accrual is one point per ¥1,000 including tax of eligible monthly spend, calculated on the monthly total. Individual cards then layer conditional uplifts on top: the Saison Pearl American Express card pays an elevated rate — published as up to about 2% in value — on QUICPay payments routed through Apple Pay or Google Pay, up to an annual spending cap, and the Rose Gold and Gold Associé products apply higher multiples to overseas spend or to member-selected categories. Those uplifts each depend on the stated payment route, registration or category, so they should never be read as the card’s base rate.\nWhat “no expiry” is really worth\nThe distinguishing feature is that points do not expire. That genuinely removes the most common way people lose value — a balance quietly lapsing — and it makes the program a reasonable fit for someone whose card spending is light or irregular. Two caveats matter. First, the promise attaches to the points, not to your relationship with the issuer: if the membership ends, whether by cancellation or otherwise, the balance goes with it, so “permanent” is not the same as “yours forever regardless”. Second, no expiry does not raise the exchange rate. Points redeem for items, gift cards, other loyalty currencies, airline miles and statement credits, and the effective value per point varies by route, commonly landing around ¥5 on the stronger options — which is what puts the base return near 0.5%. A card that never lets points lapse but pays 0.5% is still beaten, on pure return, by a 1% card whose points you actually spend.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/eikyu-fumetsu-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-expiry","faq:points-expiry"],"products":["product:saison-card-digital","product:saison-pearl-amex-digital","product:saison-gold-premium"],"guides":["guide:saison-gold-amex","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-eikyu-fumetsu","publisher":"Credit Saison","title":"Permanent Points (Eikyu Fumetsu) program","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"saison-gold-amex","publisher":"Credit Saison","title":"Saison Card official site","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"saison-card-digital-rewards","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Saison Card Digital: rewards","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:orico-point-guide:en","entityId":"guide:orico-point-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Orico Point guide","plainText":"Orico Points are earned at about 1 point per ¥100 on the THE POINT family, redeem at roughly ¥1 each, and expire on a short published schedule — high rate, low patience.\nOrico’s point currency: a straightforward ¥1-per-point value, a high base rate on the THE POINT cards, and a short expiry window.\nOperator: Orient Corporation (Orico); earned across the Orico card range.\nThe THE POINT family earns about 1% base, with a published introductory uplift for new members.\nPoints redeem at roughly ¥1 each for gift cards and other loyalty currencies — unusually easy to value.\nTHE PLATINUM pays at least about 1% year-round and about 2% in the member’s birthday month.\nThe expiry window is short compared with issuer programs like Saison — redeem regularly.\nEarning across the Orico range\nOrico Points are the reward currency of Orient Corporation’s credit cards. The THE POINT family — Orico Card THE POINT, THE POINT PREMIUM GOLD and the revolving-structured THE POINT UPty — is built around a roughly 1% base accrual with a published uplift during an introductory period after joining, which is why these cards show up on “high base rate, no annual fee” lists. Above them, Orico Card THE WORLD doubles the rate on overseas purchases relative to domestic use, and Orico Card THE PLATINUM holds at least about 1% year-round and lifts to about 2% during the member’s birthday month. Orico’s own online mall adds further multiples for purchases routed through it, on the usual condition that you start from the mall rather than the shop.\nValue and the expiry trade-off\nThe strong point of Orico Points is legibility: they convert to gift cards and other loyalty currencies at roughly ¥1 per point, so “1 point per ¥100” really does mean about 1% without a conversion exercise. That is a meaningful advantage over issuer currencies quoted at 1 point per ¥1,000 whose real value depends on which exchange you pick. The trade-off is patience. Orico Points expire on a comparatively short published schedule, so a balance left untouched can lapse while you are still deciding what to redeem it for. The practical habit is to exchange in small, regular amounts rather than saving toward a large redemption — the opposite of the strategy that suits a no-expiry program. Note also that THE POINT UPty is a revolving-repayment card: earning the same points there while carrying a balance can cost far more in finance charges than the points are worth.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/orico-point-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-expiry","faq:rewards-revolving"],"products":["product:orico-card-the-point","product:orico-the-point-premium-gold","product:orico-card-the-gold-prime"],"guides":["guide:point-value-expiry","guide:best-programs-by-category","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"orico-point","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Orico Point program","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/pointservice/oricopoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"orico-card-the-point-rewards","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Orico Card THE POINT: rewards","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/the-point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:epos-points-guide:en","entityId":"guide:epos-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Epos Points guide","plainText":"Epos Points are earned at about 1 point per ¥200 and redeem at roughly ¥1 each; the base rate is modest, and most of the program’s value sits in the gold-tier invitation and its bonus structure.\nThe Marui-issued point currency: a ¥1-per-point value, a two-year expiry, and an upgrade path where the gold tier changes the maths.\nOperator: Epos Card (Marui group); earned on the Epos card range.\nBase earning is about 1 point per ¥200 of eligible spend — roughly 0.5% at a ¥1-per-point value.\nPoints ordinarily expire two years after they are added, with exceptions under issuer rules.\nThe gold tier can be reached by invitation, after which its annual fee is waived permanently.\nGold adds selectable bonus shops and an annual spend bonus that changes the effective rate materially.\nHow the base program works\nEpos Points are the currency of Epos Card, the Marui group issuer. Base accrual on the standard no-fee card is about one point per ¥200 of eligible spend, and points are generally valued at ¥1 each when redeemed, which puts the plain base return near 0.5%. Partner shops and campaign offers award extra points on their own conditions, and those are separate from the base rate. Points ordinarily expire two years after they are credited; extensions and exceptions follow the issuer’s rules rather than an activity-based mechanism like Rakuten’s, so a dormant balance is genuinely at risk.\nWhy the gold tier changes the calculation\nRead on the base rate alone, Epos looks unremarkable. The program’s real structure is the upgrade path: cardholders who meet the issuer’s conditions can be invited to the gold tier, and on the invitation route the gold annual fee is waived permanently rather than charged each year. Gold then adds two things that move the effective rate — a set of shops the member selects for elevated earning, and a bonus tied to annual spend levels. For someone who routes ordinary household spending through the card and reaches those levels, the combination is worth substantially more than the 0.5% headline; for someone who does not, it is not. The honest framing is that Epos is a program whose value depends on reaching and using the gold tier, not on the entry card’s base rate. Note that neither the invitation nor its timing is something this site can predict — the issuer decides, and we make no claim about how easily any individual is invited.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/epos-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-expiry","faq:rewards-no-fee-cards"],"products":["product:epos-card","product:epos-gold-card","product:epos-platinum-card"],"guides":["guide:epos-card","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"epos-point","publisher":"Marui / Epos","title":"Epos Points program","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"epos-card-terms","publisher":"Marui / Epos","title":"Epos Card official site","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"epos-card-rewards","publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Epos Points","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:membership-rewards-japan-guide:en","entityId":"guide:membership-rewards-japan-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Membership Rewards (Japan) guide","plainText":"Membership Rewards points are earned on American Express Japan cards; their value depends almost entirely on which transfer partner you use, and the expiry treatment depends on programme enrolment and activity.\nAmerican Express Japan’s point program: how transfer partners rather than gift cards set the real value, and how expiry depends on enrolment.\nOperator: American Express International (Japan); earned across the Amex Japan card range.\nValue is set by the redemption route — airline transfers usually beat statement credits by a wide margin.\nPoint-expiry treatment depends on programme enrolment and account activity, not a single fixed rule.\nANA transfers in particular are governed by their own enrolment, rate and annual-cap conditions.\nCo-brand ANA Amex cards fold the transfer into the product rather than leaving it as an add-on.\nTransfer partners set the value\nMembership Rewards is the point program behind American Express Japan cards, from the Green Card through Gold Preferred and Platinum to the ANA co-brand products. Unlike a ¥1-per-point program, the earn rate tells you very little on its own: the same balance can be worth a modest amount as a statement credit and considerably more transferred to an airline partner and redeemed for a seat you would otherwise have paid cash for. That makes “which partner, at what rate, for which flight” the question that decides the program’s value, and it is why a Membership Rewards balance should be valued against a fare you would actually buy, minus award taxes and surcharges, rather than a fixed yen figure. Merchant-specific rates, bonus programmes and acquisition campaigns each carry separate conditions and should not be folded into the base rate.\nExpiry, enrolment, and the ANA route\nPoint-expiry treatment under Membership Rewards is not a single fixed rule: it depends on the programme options you are enrolled in and on account activity, and the terms have been revised over time, so the current member terms are the only safe reference. The same applies to transfers. Moving points to ANA miles at the favourable rate has historically depended on a paid enrolment, and annual transfer caps have applied — conditions that materially change how much of a large balance you can actually use in a year. The ANA co-brand Amex cards approach this differently by folding mile transfer into the product itself, with the gold tier including it rather than charging for it as an add-on, and the Diners-issued ANA card sits in a similar premium space with its own point rules. Before choosing a card on the strength of a transfer ratio, confirm the current enrolment requirement, rate and cap in the issuer’s own terms.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/membership-rewards-japan-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-point-value","faq:rewards-premium-card-worth"],"products":["product:amex-jp","product:amex-gold-preferred","product:ana-amex-gold"],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:redeem-points-for-travel","guide:point-value-expiry"]},"sources":[{"id":"amex-membership-rewards-jp","publisher":"American Express Japan","title":"Membership Rewards (Japan)","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"amex-green-rewards","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Membership Rewards","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"ana-mileage","publisher":"All Nippon Airways","title":"ANA Mileage Club","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:rakuten-card:en","entityId":"guide:rakuten-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Card profile","plainText":"The Rakuten Card has no annual fee and earns about 1 Rakuten Point per ¥100; it is strongest for Rakuten shoppers and weakest for people outside the ecosystem.\nA no-fee 1% card that anchors the Rakuten ecosystem.\nIssuer: Rakuten Card; Visa/Mastercard/JCB/Amex networks; no annual fee.\nBase earn about 1% (1 point per ¥100) on eligible general spend.\nRakuten Ichiba SPU and campaigns add points (separate caps, limited-time treatment).\nRedeems at ≈¥1 on Rakuten and via Rakuten Pay; funds Rakuten Securities investing.\nFee break-even is immediate because the fee is zero.\nWhat it earns and where it fits\nThe Rakuten Card charges no annual fee and generally earns one Rakuten Point per ¥100 of eligible spend (about 1%). On top of the base, Rakuten Ichiba SPU and campaigns can add points, but those have separate caps and limited-time treatment, so discount them when valuing the card. Points redeem at roughly ¥1 on Rakuten sites and at local shops through Rakuten Pay, and the card can fund Rakuten Securities investing at a rate that depends on card tier and fund. Its strength is the integrated ecosystem; its weakness is that value concentrates for people who actually shop in Rakuten.\nOn August 1, 2026 the signup page showed up to 8,000 points for a qualifying new JCB application, with different offers by network — always read the current terms and dates before applying, and treat signup points as one-off, not a permanent annual return.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/rakuten-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:points-which-ecosystem"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:rakuten-points-guide","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card-terms","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"Rakuten Card official site","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten SPU (Super Point Up) program","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:smbc-numberless-card:en","entityId":"guide:smbc-numberless-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SMBC Card (NL) profile","plainText":"SMBC Card (NL) has no annual fee and an ordinary ~0.5% base, but eligible smartphone-touch payments at selected convenience stores and restaurants can reach 7% — physical-card touch and iD are not equivalent.\nA no-fee card whose selected convenience-store and restaurant route can reach 7%.\nIssuer: Sumitomo Mitsui Card; no annual fee; base about 0.5% in V Points.\nSelected convenience-store/restaurant smartphone contactless can reach 7%.\nPhysical-card touch and iD are not eligible for the 7% route.\nIntegrates with SBI Securities investing (tier/spend conditions).\nExcellent specialist card; mediocre as an uncategorised 0.5% card.\nWhere the 7% applies — and where it does not\nSMBC Card (NL) has no annual fee and an ordinary base near 0.5% in V Points, which is mediocre for uncategorised spending. Its value is the selected convenience-store and restaurant offer: eligible smartphone contactless or eligible mobile ordering at specified chains can reach seven percent. The critical detail is method — physical-card touch and iD are not equivalent and do not qualify, and because the seven percent already includes the base, you must not add a separate 0.5%. Additional family/Olive conditions may raise selected rates. A temporary offer advertised up to 29,000 points for qualifying applications and usage from July 23 through September 30, 2026.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/smbc-numberless-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent","faq:rewards-id-vs-touch"],"products":["product:smbc-card-numberless"],"guides":["guide:convenience-store-points","guide:v-points-guide","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-nl","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC Card (NL) numberless card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/numberless.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC selected convenience-store/restaurant reward terms","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"sbi-vpoint-invest","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"Olive / SBI card-investment rewards","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/creditmode/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:paypay-card:en","entityId":"guide:paypay-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PayPay Card profile","plainText":"The PayPay Card has no annual fee and a basic eligible return of about 1%; it is simplest for PayPay users, but since June 2, 2026 point-funded portions do not receive PayPay Step rewards.\nThe native no-fee card for the PayPay ecosystem.\nIssuer: PayPay Card Corporation; no annual fee; basic ~1%.\nDoubles as PayPay Credit funding within the Yahoo/SoftBank ecosystem.\nPayPay Step and campaigns depend on KYC, funding, and eligibility.\nSince June 2, 2026, point-funded portions do not earn Step rewards.\nPayPay Card Gold (¥11,000) targets a ¥1,000,000 annual-spend benefit.\nSimple for PayPay users\nThe PayPay Card has no annual fee and a basic eligible return around 1%, and it doubles as PayPay Credit funding inside the Yahoo/SoftBank ecosystem — making it the natural card for heavy PayPay users. PayPay Step and campaigns can add more, but they depend on identity verification, funding source, and transaction eligibility. Since June 2, 2026, any portion paid with PayPay Points is excluded from Step rewards, so do not assume point-funded spending earns the Step bonus. The PayPay Card Gold (¥11,000 annually) targets a ¥1,000,000 annual-spend benefit that nominally offsets the fee at ¥1 per point, before opportunity cost and exclusions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/paypay-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-paypay-points-step"],"products":["product:paypay-card"],"guides":["guide:paypay-points-guide","guide:paypay-app-guide","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-card","publisher":"PayPay Card Corporation","title":"PayPay Card official site","url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-step","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Step reward program","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:d-card:en","entityId":"guide:d-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"d Card and d Card GOLD profile","plainText":"The no-fee d Card earns about 1% in d POINT; d Card GOLD (¥11,000) is worthwhile mainly for high eligible docomo billing, where a ten-percent-equivalent reward can exceed the fee.\nThe no-fee d POINT card, and when the Gold version pays off.\nIssuer: NTT DOCOMO; d Card no fee, ~1% base; d Card GOLD ¥11,000.\nd払い funding adds 0.5% to the wallet’s 0.5% where eligible.\nd Card GOLD: eligible docomo mobile/Hikari charges can earn 10%-equivalent.\nFrom September 1, 2026 the d払い funding bonus becomes limited-use points.\nGOLD is best only with sufficiently high eligible docomo billing.\nNo-fee base and the Gold threshold\nThe no-fee d Card commonly earns about 1% in d POINT and is a straightforward choice for d POINT users; funding d払い with an eligible d Card adds 0.5% to the wallet’s 0.5%. Check excluded payments, and note that from September 1, 2026 the d Card payment-method bonus for d払い was scheduled to be issued as limited-time/use points rather than ordinary points. The d Card GOLD (¥11,000 annually) is best for high eligible docomo billing: eligible docomo mobile and Docomo Hikari charges can receive ten-percent-equivalent rewards under the program’s ¥1,000 tax-exclusive units, plus a ¥1,000,000 annual-use benefit worth up to ¥10,000. A rough fee break-even against a 1% alternative is about ¥122,223 of fully eligible annual pre-tax charges, but rounding, exclusions, and caps matter.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/d-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-dcard-gold-worth","faq:rewards-dbarai-rate"],"products":["product:d-card"],"guides":["guide:d-point-club-guide","guide:d-barai-guide","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"dcard","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d CARD official site","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dbarai","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d払い (d Barai) official site","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-expiry","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d POINT earning, use and expiration","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:au-pay-card:en","entityId":"guide:au-pay-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"au PAY Card and Gold profile","plainText":"The no-fee au PAY Card earns about 1% in Ponta; the au PAY Gold Card (¥11,000) can earn up to 5% on eligible au PAY auto-charging plus mobile benefits, but the high rates are capped and conditional.\nThe no-fee Ponta card, and the capped high rates of the Gold version.\nIssuer: au Financial Service; au PAY Card no fee, ~1% Ponta.\nau PAY Gold Card ¥11,000: eligible au PAY autocharge up to 5% (capped).\neSmart Securities investing: standard ~0.5%, Gold ~1% (monthly limit).\nGood no-fee choice for Ponta/au users.\nCompare the capped autocharge bonus directly with the fee.\nNo-fee Ponta card and the Gold caps\nThe au PAY Card has no annual fee and an ordinary eligible return around 1% in Ponta, a good no-fee choice for Ponta and au users. The au PAY Gold Card (¥11,000 annually) can earn up to five percent on eligible au PAY auto-charging plus the wallet’s ordinary 0.5%, with conditions and a monthly bonus cap, and adds eligible mobile benefits. The published high rates are capped and conditional, so compare the autocharge bonus’s maximum directly with the fee. For card-funded investing, the standard card generally earns 0.5% and Gold one percent at eSmart Securities, up to the stated monthly limit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/au-pay-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-au-gold-worth","faq:rewards-ponta-jal"],"products":["product:au-pay-card"],"guides":["guide:ponta-points-guide","guide:au-pay-guide","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"aupay-card","publisher":"au Financial Service","title":"au PAY Card official site","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aupay-app","publisher":"KDDI","title":"au PAY official site","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:jcb-card-w:en","entityId":"guide:jcb-card-w","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB Card W profile","plainText":"JCB Card W has no annual fee and a base equivalent to about 1% under the J-POINT structure introduced in January 2026; applications are generally limited to people aged 18–39, but the no-fee status is retained after 39.\nA strong no-fee general card for applicants aged 18–39.\nIssuer: JCB; no annual fee; base equivalent ~1% under J-POINT (from Jan 2026).\nApplications generally limited to ages 18–39; no-fee retained afterward.\nSelected J-POINT partners earn more than the base.\nWorks with QUICPay, Apple Pay, and Google Wallet on supported devices.\nConsider JCB overseas acceptance if you travel.\nA strong no-fee card for eligible applicants\nJCB Card W has no annual fee and a base equivalent of about one percent under the J-POINT structure introduced in January 2026, with selected J-POINT partners earning more. Applications are generally limited to people aged 18–39, but the no-fee status is retained after 39, so applying while eligible locks in the card. It works with QUICPay, Apple Pay, and Google Wallet on supported devices. The main considerations are the initial age restriction and JCB’s overseas acceptance, which is narrower than Visa/Mastercard in some countries. The current page advertised a temporary offer of up to 24,000 points subject to application and spending conditions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/jcb-card-w","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-young-applicant-card"],"products":["product:jcb-card-w"],"guides":["guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-card-w","publisher":"JCB","title":"JCB Card W official site","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcbcardw.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:epos-card:en","entityId":"guide:epos-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Epos Card profile","plainText":"The Epos Card has no annual fee and earns about 0.5% (1 point per ¥200); ordinary points generally expire after two years but can be extended, and Epos Gold becomes attractive after a free invitation or natural fee waiver.\nAn easy-to-get no-fee secondary card with useful invitations to Gold.\nIssuer: Marui/Epos (Visa); no annual fee; base ~0.5% (1 point per ¥200).\nMerchant and travel-portal bonuses vary; easy secondary card.\nOrdinary points generally expire after two years but can be extended.\nEpos Gold: fee can become free after qualifying annual use or invitation.\nOften cited as accessible for residents building card history.\nAn accessible secondary card\nThe Epos Card has no annual fee and earns one Epos Point per ¥200, usually about 0.5% before bonuses, with varying merchant and travel-portal bonuses. It is an easy no-fee secondary card, often cited as accessible for residents building a card history. Ordinary points generally expire after two years but can be extended by activity. Epos Gold is attractive after a free invitation or a natural fee waiver — its annual bonus increases with spending up to a published maximum, and subsequent years can become free after qualifying annual use — but it is less compelling if you pay a fee without using the benefits.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/epos-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-foreign-first-card"],"products":["product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:foreign-resident-rewards","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"epos-card-terms","publisher":"Marui / Epos","title":"Epos Card official site","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:view-card-standard:en","entityId":"guide:view-card-standard","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"View Card profile (JR East)","plainText":"The View Card Standard (¥524) earns about 0.5% base but 1.5% on Mobile Suica charging; a commuter needs roughly ¥52,400 of annual Suica charging to recover the fee from the extra one percentage point.\nThe JR East card that earns 1.5% on Mobile Suica charging.\nIssuer: JR East; ¥524 annual fee; base about 0.5%.\nMobile Suica charging earns 1.5%; stacks with JRE ride points.\nEligible Mobile Suica commuter passes and Green Car can earn 5%.\nBreak-even: ~¥52,400/year of 1.5%-eligible charging to recover the fee.\nBest for frequent JR East / Mobile Suica users.\nA transit-specialist card\nThe View Card Standard has a ¥524 annual fee and an ordinary base around 0.5%, but Mobile Suica charging earns 1.5%, and eligible Mobile Suica commuter passes and Green Car products can earn five percent. Charging a registered Mobile Suica with a View card stacks the 1.5% charge reward with JRE ride points, creating a nominal 3.5% on eligible JR East travel funding. Compared with a 0.5% free card, a user needs roughly ¥52,400 of annual 1.5%-eligible Suica charging to recover the ¥524 fee from the additional one percentage point alone — so it is worthwhile only for frequent JR East and Mobile Suica users.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/view-card-standard","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-view-card-worth","faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate"],"products":["product:view-card-standard"],"guides":["guide:jre-point-guide","guide:train-commuter-rewards"]},"sources":[{"id":"view-card","publisher":"JR East","title":"View Card official site","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jre-suica","publisher":"JR East","title":"JR East Suica / JRE POINT ride rewards","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bic-camera-suica-card:en","entityId":"guide:bic-camera-suica-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Bic Camera Suica Card profile","plainText":"The Bic Camera Suica Card is free the first year and waived afterward with at least one qualifying annual transaction; it combines BicCamera points with Suica/JRE POINT functionality.\nA hybrid card combining BicCamera points with Suica and JRE functions.\nIssuer: JR East / BicCamera hybrid; first year free.\nSubsequent annual fee waived after at least one qualifying transaction.\nCombines BicCamera points with Suica and JRE POINT functions.\nUseful for people who shop at BicCamera and use JR East.\nCompare electronics cash prices and reduced-point payment methods.\nA useful electronics/transit hybrid\nThe Bic Camera Suica Card is free the first year, and the subsequent annual fee is waived after at least one qualifying annual card transaction. It combines BicCamera points with Suica and JRE POINT functionality, making it a useful hybrid for people who both shop at BicCamera and use JR East. As with any electronics card, compare the final cash price and reduced-point payment methods — the store point rate can differ by product and payment method, so the headline percentage is not the whole story.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/bic-camera-suica-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:electronics-store-points","guide:jre-point-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"view-card","publisher":"JR East","title":"View Card official site","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:aeon-card:en","entityId":"guide:aeon-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"AEON Card profile","plainText":"The AEON Card has no annual fee and earns WAON POINT (about 0.5% base), with double points on AEON-group “W Point” days; it is strongest for regular AEON shoppers.\nA no-fee card for AEON-group shoppers with double-point member days.\nIssuer: AEON Financial (Visa/Mastercard/JCB); no annual fee (standard).\nBase about 0.5% in WAON POINT (formerly Tokimeki Points).\nDouble points on AEON-group stores on designated days.\nMainly valuable for AEON usage; Gold version has fee/waiver conditions.\nApplications generally limited to residents, in Japanese.\nBuilt for AEON member days\nThe AEON Card has no annual fee on the standard version and earns WAON POINT at about 0.5%, with double points at AEON-group stores on designated “W Point” days — which, given how frequently groceries are bought, can matter more than a small difference between general cards. Its value concentrates in AEON usage. The Gold version has a fee that can be waived after qualifying annual use and adds travel insurance. Foreign applications are generally in Japanese only, so the card suits residents who regularly shop at AEON, MaxValu, and other group stores.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/aeon-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-supermarket-best"],"products":["product:aeon-card-select"],"guides":["guide:waon-point-guide","guide:supermarket-points"]},"sources":[{"id":"aeon-card","publisher":"AEON Financial Service","title":"AEON Card official site","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/ct/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"waon-point","publisher":"AEON","title":"WAON POINT official site","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:saison-gold-amex:en","entityId":"guide:saison-gold-amex","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saison Gold American Express profile","plainText":"The Saison Gold American Express is free the first year, and the subsequent ¥11,000 fee can be waived with at least one annual card use under the cited offer; Saison Permanent Points notably do not expire.\nA low-maintenance gold card with non-expiring Saison points and a use-based fee waiver.\nIssuer: Credit Saison; first year free under the current structure.\nSubsequent ¥11,000 fee can be waived with at least one annual card use.\nSaison Permanent Points do not expire — notable among Japanese programs.\nAdds Saison campaigns, travel, and partner benefits.\nLow maintenance when the use-based fee waiver applies.\nNon-expiring points and a use-based waiver\nThe Saison Gold American Express is free the first year under the current product structure, and the subsequent ¥11,000 fee can be waived with at least one annual card use under the cited offer — a low-maintenance arrangement. Its standout feature is Saison Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント), which do not expire, a rarity among Japanese programs and helpful for anyone who accumulates slowly. It adds Saison campaigns, travel, and partner benefits, and supports mobile wallets. As always, check the current insurance guide before valuing the travel benefits, and do not pay a fee for perks you will not use.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/saison-gold-amex","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-permanent-points"],"products":["product:saison-gold-premium"],"guides":["guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-gold-amex","publisher":"Credit Saison","title":"Saison Card official site","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:paypay-app-guide:en","entityId":"guide:paypay-app-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PayPay app guide","plainText":"Set up PayPay with Japanese authentication and eKYC, fund via bank, ATM cash, or PayPay Card, and pay by QR at ~10 million stores; ordinary Points do not expire but only PayPay Money can be sent or withdrawn.\nSetup, funding, earning, sending, withdrawal, and security for Japan’s dominant QR wallet.\nFunding: bank transfer (no fee), ATM cash, or PayPay Card; the source sets the balance type.\nEarning depends on PayPay Step, which requires KYC since June 2, 2026.\nPoint-funded portions do not earn Step rewards.\nPayPay Money can be sent/withdrawn; PayPay Points and Money Lite cannot.\nMy Code receipt has required KYC since June 17, 2026.\nSetup and funding\nYou register PayPay in the app with Japanese mobile authentication; higher usage requires eKYC identity verification. Funding sources include bank transfer (no fee), ATM cash charging, carrier charging, and the PayPay Card, and the source determines whether value becomes PayPay Money or Money Lite. Foreign-card funding is limited: PayPay is not a general foreign-card acceptance workaround, and supported card registration and 3-D Secure rules apply. Charging via ATM or an excluded card generally earns no reward, so use the app’s eligible route if you want points.\nEarning, sending, and security\nBase earning is conditional on PayPay Step, which since June 2, 2026 requires identity verification; any portion paid with PayPay Points is excluded from Step rewards. PayPay is accepted at around ten million stores and supports bill payment (reward treatment differs) and peer-to-peer sending. Only PayPay Money can be sent or withdrawn — PayPay Points and Money Lite cannot. Sending money is not a card purchase and has weaker reversal rights: PayPay states user-initiated send/receive activity is outside its compensation program, so verify recipients. For security, use biometric/PIN locking, and after a lost phone, lock the device, suspend credentials, and review transactions. Never disclose SMS codes or PINs to a caller.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/paypay-app-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-paypay-charge-points","faq:rewards-paypay-points-step","faq:rewards-no-expiry"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:paypay-points-guide","guide:paypay-card","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-step","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Step reward program","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-card","publisher":"PayPay Card Corporation","title":"PayPay Card official site","url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rakuten-pay-guide:en","entityId":"guide:rakuten-pay-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Pay app guide","plainText":"Rakuten Pay ties to your Rakuten account and can reach up to 2.5% when you present an eligible Rakuten Point Card and meet qualifying Rakuten Cash payment conditions; the announced March 1, 2026 change was postponed.\nHow Rakuten Pay earns points, its up-to-2.5% stack, and the postponed March 2026 change.\nRequires a Rakuten account; link a Rakuten Card to earn.\nUp to 2.5% when presenting an eligible point card and paying via qualifying Rakuten Cash.\nWithout qualifying point-card presentation, the maximum is lower.\nThe proposed March 1, 2026 reward change was postponed — old guides are outdated.\nLess acceptance than PayPay, but integrated with Rakuten Points.\nSetup and earning\nRakuten Pay is a QR payment tied to your Rakuten account. You link a Rakuten Card (recommended) and can fund via Rakuten Cash or supported registered sources; 3-D Secure or card scanning may be required. The current program advertises up to 2.5% when an eligible Rakuten Point Card is presented and qualifying Rakuten Cash payment conditions are met; without qualifying point-card presentation, the maximum is lower. The point-card rate varies by merchant, and excluded merchants or payment sources reduce the rate.\nThe postponed change and comparison\nA proposed March 1, 2026 reward change was postponed, so any guide assuming it took effect is outdated — verify the current terms in the app before relying on a rate. Rakuten Cash sending and receiving is supported within the app under current procedures, and invoice payment is supported (some bills do not accept point use). Compared with PayPay, Rakuten Pay has less merchant acceptance but integrates tightly with Rakuten Points, so it is strongest for Rakuten users who can combine point-card presentation and payment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/rakuten-pay-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-rakuten-pay-change","faq:rewards-rakuten-pay-max"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:rakuten-points-guide","guide:rakuten-card","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-pay","publisher":"Rakuten Payment","title":"Rakuten Pay official site","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-point","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten Point official site","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:d-barai-guide:en","entityId":"guide:d-barai-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"d払い (d Barai) guide","plainText":"d払い earns about 0.5% d POINT, or ~1% with eligible d Card funding; other-card funding does not earn ordinary d払い points, and from September 1, 2026 the d Card funding bonus becomes limited-use points.\ndocomo’s QR wallet, its 0.5%/1% earning, and the September 2026 funding-bonus change.\nNeeds a d Account (available to non-docomo users) and a smartphone.\nBase ~0.5%; eligible d Card funding adds 0.5% for ~1% before store points.\nOther-card funding does not receive ordinary d払い points.\nFrom September 1, 2026 the d Card funding bonus becomes limited-use points.\nAccepted at Lawson, FamilyMart, and the same stores as d POINT.\nSetup, earning, and the September 2026 change\nd払い is docomo’s QR payment. You need a d Account — available even to non-docomo customers — and a smartphone, and you link funding such as a credit card or bank. Base earning is about 0.5% d POINT; funding with an eligible d Card adds 0.5%, producing roughly 1% before store points. Importantly, other-card funding does not receive ordinary d払い points, so do not assume any linked card earns the wallet reward. It is accepted at Lawson, FamilyMart, and the same stores as d POINT. From September 1, 2026 the d Card funding bonus was scheduled to become limited-time/use points rather than ordinary points, so verify the current treatment before relying on it. It is best for d POINT and docomo users, ideally with a d Card linked.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/d-barai-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-dbarai-rate","faq:rewards-dbarai-other-card"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:d-point-club-guide","guide:d-card","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"id":"dbarai","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d払い (d Barai) official site","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dcard","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d CARD official site","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d POINT CLUB official site","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:au-pay-guide:en","entityId":"guide:au-pay-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"au PAY guide","plainText":"au PAY earns about 0.5% Ponta on ordinary spending (Gold autocharge can add up to 5% with caps); eligible au PAY Money can be withdrawn free at au Jibun Bank, or ¥220 at other banks.\nKDDI’s QR wallet, Ponta earning, and withdrawal rules.\nSetup with an au ID; funding by bank, cash, supported cards, or au PAY Card.\nOrdinary spending earns ~0.5% Ponta; Gold autocharge up to 5% (capped).\nEligible au PAY Money can be sent and withdrawn.\nau Jibun Bank withdrawal is free; other banks ~¥220 (¥100,000 max per transaction).\nAccepted at Lawson, FamilyMart, and many stores.\nEarning, funding, and withdrawal\nau PAY is KDDI’s QR payment, set up with an au ID and funded by bank account, cash, supported cards, carrier pathways, or the au PAY Card — funding eligibility differs by card issuer and account status. Ordinary au PAY spending earns approximately 0.5% Ponta, and Gold autocharge can add up to five percent under conditions and a monthly bonus cap. Eligible au PAY Money can be sent and withdrawn: au Jibun Bank withdrawal is free under current terms, while other banks generally cost ¥220 per withdrawal, with a ¥100,000 per-transaction maximum. Bill and tax payments are supported in designated cases, but reward eligibility must be checked separately. It is best for Ponta, au, and UQ users.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/au-pay-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-aupay-withdraw","faq:rewards-ponta-jal"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ponta-points-guide","guide:au-pay-card","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"id":"aupay-app","publisher":"KDDI","title":"au PAY official site","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aupay-card","publisher":"au Financial Service","title":"au PAY Card official site","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ponta-official","publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","title":"Ponta / Recruit point program","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:merpay-guide:en","entityId":"guide:merpay-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Merpay (Mercari) guide","plainText":"Merpay spends Mercari sales balance or a linked card; rewards are mainly campaign/Mercard-driven, and identity verification converts functionality toward a money account, allows bank charging, and removes the 180-day sales-proceeds deadline.\nHow Merpay uses Mercari sales balance, and why verification removes the withdrawal deadline.\nTied to a Mercari account; spends sales balance or deferred-payment products.\nReward rate is primarily campaign- and Mercard-dependent.\nVerification allows bank charging and removes the sales-proceeds deadline.\nMercari sales proceeds otherwise have a 180-day withdrawal/application deadline.\nBest for active Mercari buyers and sellers, not as a universal points app.\nBalance, verification, and best fit\nMerpay is a payment app tied to your Mercari account. You spend the balance from sales, a charged amount after verification, or Merpay deferred-payment products, and the reward rate is primarily campaign- and Mercard-dependent rather than a universal high base. Identity verification is the key step: it converts functionality toward a money-transfer account, allows bank charging, and removes the sales-proceeds withdrawal deadline. Without verification, Mercari sales proceeds have a 180-day withdrawal/application deadline, and verified balance can be sent while unverified paid points have lower limits. Merpay is best for active Mercari buyers and sellers, not as a universal points app.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/merpay-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-merpay-send"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"id":"merpay-guide","publisher":"Merpay","title":"Merpay official site","url":"https://www.merpay.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:apple-google-pay-guide:en","entityId":"guide:apple-google-pay-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Apple Pay and Google Wallet in Japan","plainText":"Apple Pay and Google Wallet store supported cards and Japanese e-money (Suica, PASMO, WAON, nanaco, and more) but do not create rewards themselves — the underlying card or transit program determines rewards.\nWhat each wallet stores, which Japanese e-money it supports, and why the underlying card sets rewards.\nApple Pay supports Suica, PASMO, iD, QUICPay, WAON, nanaco, and credit cards.\nGoogle Wallet supports Suica, PASMO, Rakuten Edy, WAON, nanaco, and QUICPay.\nNeither wallet creates a universal extra reward; the underlying card does.\nA phone bought for another market may lack Japanese hardware support.\nLost-phone controls: device locking, Find My, and issuer suspension.\nWhat each wallet supports and how rewards work\nApple Pay stores supported issuer cards and Japanese transit/e-money on compatible Apple devices, routing through the contactless network, iD, QUICPay, Suica, PASMO, WAON, or nanaco depending on the card and product. Google Wallet supports listed Japanese issuer cards and e-money on compatible Android devices; official support lists Suica, PASMO, Rakuten Edy, WAON, and nanaco, with top-up rules differing by product, plus QUICPay, iD, and network contactless. Crucially, neither wallet creates a universal extra reward — the underlying card or transit program determines rewards, and a merchant category may require a precise Apple Pay route. A phone purchased for another market may lack the required Japanese hardware support (FeliCa). For lost devices, use device locking, Find My, and issuer suspension.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/apple-google-pay-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-apple-pay-points","faq:rewards-google-wallet-emoney"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:id-quicpay-guide","guide:emoney-payment-guide","guide:mobile-suica-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"apple-pay-jp","publisher":"Apple","title":"Apple Pay in Japan (support)","url":"https://support.apple.com/ja-jp/apple-pay","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"google-wallet-jp","publisher":"Google","title":"Google Wallet Japan e-money support","url":"https://support.google.com/wallet/answer/12058983","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:id-quicpay-guide:en","entityId":"guide:id-quicpay-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"iD and QUICPay explained","plainText":"iD and QUICPay are contactless payment rails linked to a credit card; they have no independent point rate — the linked card’s program supplies rewards, and they are not interchangeable with Visa/Mastercard/JCB touch for bonus categories.\nWhat these contactless rails are, and why they can receive different campaign treatment.\niD and QUICPay are token services linked to credit cards.\nThey offer instant contactless payment at iD/QUICPay terminals.\nNo independent point rate; the linked card’s program sets rewards.\nNot interchangeable with Visa/Mastercard/JCB touch for bonus categories.\nAlways identify which credential is being charged.\nContactless rails, not point programs\niD and QUICPay are contactless payment rails: token services linked to a credit (or debit/prepaid) card, used at terminals showing the iD or QUICPay logo, with no signature or PIN for small amounts. Neither has an independent point rate — rewards flow through the linked card’s program. The important consequence is that they are not interchangeable with Visa/Mastercard/JCB network contactless (“touch”) for bonus-category eligibility: a campaign requiring network touch or a card-number transaction may exclude iD or QUICPay, as SMBC’s selected-store seven-percent route excludes iD. Apple Pay can route many cards through QUICPay or iD, while Google Wallet’s contactless support is narrower on some devices. Always identify which credential is actually being charged before assuming a category bonus applies.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/id-quicpay-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-id-vs-touch","faq:rewards-apple-pay-points"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:apple-google-pay-guide","guide:smbc-numberless-card"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC selected convenience-store/restaurant reward terms","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"apple-pay-jp","publisher":"Apple","title":"Apple Pay in Japan (support)","url":"https://support.apple.com/ja-jp/apple-pay","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:emoney-payment-guide:en","entityId":"guide:emoney-payment-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Other e-money: WAON, nanaco, Suica","plainText":"Suica/PASMO are mostly transit e-money with limited rewards, while WAON (AEON/Ministop) and nanaco (Seven & i) are closed-loop stored value that earn their own points — never assume an arbitrary card charge to them earns card points.\nHow stored-value e-money differs from loyalty points, and where each earns.\nSuica/PASMO: mostly transit; broad merchant acceptance, limited base reward.\nWAON earns WAON POINT at AEON-group and participating merchants.\nnanaco earns points at Seven & i; accumulated points convert to e-money.\nThese are primarily closed-loop stored value.\nNever assume an arbitrary card-to-e-money charge earns card points.\nStored value vs loyalty points\nSuica and PASMO are transit-first e-money with broad merchant acceptance but limited base reward — the reward comes from the funding card or, for JR East, from registered Mobile Suica ride points. WAON electronic money earns WAON POINT at AEON-group and participating merchants when member-registered, and Mobile Suica can be added to Apple Pay. nanaco electronic money earns points at Seven & i, and accumulated nanaco points convert into e-money. The key discipline across all of these: they are primarily closed-loop stored value, and you must never assume that charging them with an arbitrary card earns that card’s points — only specifically eligible funding routes qualify. Older materials also blur “WAON electronic money points” and “WAON POINT,” which are different things.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/emoney-payment-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-emoney-card-points","faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:waon-point-guide","guide:nanaco-points-guide","guide:mobile-suica-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"waon-point","publisher":"AEON","title":"WAON POINT official site","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nanaco-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service","title":"nanaco points official site","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jre-point","publisher":"JR East","title":"JRE POINT official site","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mobile-suica-guide:en","entityId":"guide:mobile-suica-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mobile Suica guide","plainText":"Registered Mobile Suica earns JRE POINT on eligible JR East rides at 1 point per ¥50 (2%), and View Card charging adds 1.5%; foreign-issued card charging can be inconsistent.\nHow Mobile Suica earns JRE POINT on rides and 1.5% on View charging.\nRegistered Mobile Suica earns 1 JRE POINT per ¥50 (2%) on eligible JR East rides.\nView Card charging adds 1.5%, for a nominal 3.5% stack.\nAdd via the app or mobile wallet; card-specific reward eligibility differs.\nForeign-issued card charging can be inconsistent — not a guaranteed strategy.\nComplete device transfer/recovery through Mobile Suica and the device wallet.\nRides, charging, and portability\nMobile Suica works through the app or mobile wallet with supported Japanese and many eligible cards, though card-specific reward eligibility differs. Registered Mobile Suica earns JRE POINT on eligible JR East rides at one point per ¥50 (2%), and charging with a View Card can add 1.5%, so a View-funded registered Mobile Suica stacks a nominal 3.5% on eligible travel. It also gives full transit and broad Suica merchant use. Foreign-issued card charging can be inconsistent and is not a guaranteed funding strategy, so residents often pair it with a Japanese card. Complete account recovery and device transfer through Mobile Suica and the device wallet. It is best for JR East commuters and many visitors or residents using iPhone or compatible Android.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/mobile-suica-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-suica-register","faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate","faq:rewards-view-card-worth"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:jre-point-guide","guide:view-card-standard","guide:train-commuter-rewards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jre-suica","publisher":"JR East","title":"JR East Suica / JRE POINT ride rewards","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"view-card","publisher":"JR East","title":"View Card official site","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"apple-pay-jp","publisher":"Apple","title":"Apple Pay in Japan (support)","url":"https://support.apple.com/ja-jp/apple-pay","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ana-mileage-club:en","entityId":"guide:ana-mileage-club","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Mileage Club guide","plainText":"ANA miles are earned on flights, partner cards, and shopping, generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, and have no fixed cash value — value them against a fare you would actually buy, minus award taxes.\nHow ANA miles are earned, used, and valued, and why award charts change.\nEarn on ANA flights, partner credit cards, hotels/car rental, and shopping malls.\nMiles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual.\nInternational one-way awards can start from 6,000 miles depending on zone/season/class.\nANA revised domestic award rules effective May 19, 2026.\nStar Alliance; family award-user registration is available under specified rules.\nEarning and elite status\nANA Mileage Club miles are earned on ANA flights (with class-based bonuses), partner credit cards (commonly 1 mile per ¥100 on an ANA card), hotels, car rental, and shopping malls, plus transfers from partner programs. Elite status (Diamond/Platinum/Bronze) is qualified separately through premium points, which measure activity and grant priority services, lounges, and upgrades rather than being spendable. Miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, so a slowly accumulating balance needs occasional use.\nUsing and valuing miles\nMiles redeem for award flights (zone/season/class based), ANA SKY COINS, and retail. International one-way awards can start from 6,000 miles depending on zone, season, and class, but ANA revised domestic award rules effective May 19, 2026, so old charts are unsafe. No mile has a fixed cash value; a valid valuation subtracts award taxes, surcharges, and forgone benefits: (comparable cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) ÷ miles used. A ¥100,000 itinerary needing 50,000 miles and ¥20,000 of taxes yields ¥1.60 per mile. Use the fare you would really buy, not an expensive flexible fare chosen to inflate the number.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/ana-mileage-club","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-ana-expiry","faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","faq:rewards-mile-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:ana-vs-jal","guide:mile-value-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-mileage","publisher":"All Nippon Airways","title":"ANA Mileage Club","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:jal-mileage-bank:en","entityId":"guide:jal-mileage-bank","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Mileage Bank guide","plainText":"JAL miles are earned on flights, cards, and partners, generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, and use base award pricing plus JMB PLUS, which raises required miles when lower-priced inventory is unavailable.\nHow JAL miles are earned and used, and how JMB PLUS dynamic pricing works.\nFree JMB membership; earn miles on flights, JAL cards (~1 mile/¥100), and partners.\nMiles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual.\nDomestic awards use base pricing plus JMB PLUS when low inventory is unavailable.\nTickets issued from October 1, 2026 were subject to announced revisions.\noneworld alliance; Ponta transfers at two Ponta to one mile.\nEarning, JMB PLUS, and valuation\nJAL Mileage Bank offers free membership, and you earn miles on flights (zone-based), JAL credit cards (commonly 1 mile per ¥100), hotels, duty-free, and partners; Ponta transfers to JAL at two Ponta to one mile, and JCB Oki Doki points can convert. Miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual. Domestic awards use base pricing plus JMB PLUS, a mechanism that raises required miles above the base when lower-priced award inventory is unavailable, and tickets issued from October 1, 2026 were subject to announced revisions — so old charts are unsafe. As with ANA, value miles against a fare you would actually buy, minus award taxes and surcharges, not a fixed ¥2 assumption. Elite tiers (Crystal/Sapphire/Diamond) qualify separately and grant service benefits.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/jal-mileage-bank","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-jal-expiry","faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","faq:rewards-jal-plus"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:ana-vs-jal","guide:ponta-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-mileage","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"JAL Mileage Bank","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ponta-jal","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"Ponta ↔ JAL mile exchange","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ana-vs-jal:en","entityId":"guide:ana-vs-jal","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA vs JAL programs compared","plainText":"Both miles expire ~36 months after accrual; ANA is Star Alliance and JAL is oneworld, so the better program is the one whose routes, home airport, and partner award inventory fit your real travel — there is no universal winner.\nA side-by-side of earning, redemption, alliances, and why neither wins universally.\nBoth expire generally at the end of the 36th month after accrual.\nANA: Star Alliance; JAL: oneworld — pick by your routes and partners.\nANA introduced revised domestic award rules from May 19, 2026.\nJAL uses JMB PLUS dynamic pricing; changes for tickets from Oct 1, 2026.\nValue depends on realistic award availability, not a headline per-mile figure.\nHow they differ and how to choose\nANA and JAL are similar on the fundamentals: miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, and both offer family arrangements under specified relationships and account rules. The decisive differences are alliance and structure. ANA is Star Alliance with revised domestic award rules effective May 19, 2026; JAL is oneworld and uses base pricing plus JMB PLUS dynamic pricing, with changes for tickets issued from October 1, 2026. Co-branded cards differ too (ANA cards across networks vs JAL, often JCB-leaning).\nChoose by your real travel: the airline whose routes, home airport, and partner award inventory you can actually use. Neither is universally better, and a headline “¥2 per mile” is not a fact — value each program against the specific awards you would realistically book.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/ana-vs-jal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","faq:rewards-mile-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:mile-value-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-mileage","publisher":"All Nippon Airways","title":"ANA Mileage Club","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jal-mileage","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"JAL Mileage Bank","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:hotel-travel-rewards:en","entityId":"guide:hotel-travel-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Hotel loyalty and travel rewards in Japan","plainText":"International chains (Marriott Bonvoy, Hilton, IHG, Hyatt) favour transferable travel value, while domestic programs like One Harmony can be more practical for repeat Japanese stays; value points against the cash price you would actually pay, minus fees.\nInternational vs domestic hotel programs, and how to value hotel points honestly.\nMarriott Bonvoy awards ~10 base points per eligible US dollar; points expire after 24 months without activity.\nOne Harmony (Okura Nikko, Hotel JAL City) is free, offers tiers, and extends points two years after activity.\nInternational chains favour transferable travel value; domestic programs favour simple stay-count awards.\nValue hotel points against the cash price you would actually pay, minus resort fees and taxes.\nCo-branded travel cards can add 1–2% plus miles, but value perks individually.\nInternational and domestic programs\nMajor international chains active in Japan — Marriott Bonvoy, Hilton Honors, IHG One Rewards, World of Hyatt — favour transferable travel value. Marriott Bonvoy ordinarily awards ten base points per eligible US dollar at most brands (exceptions by brand), and points generally expire after 24 months without qualifying activity, so occasional activity matters, though buying an unnecessary stay merely to extend points is rarely efficient. Domestic programs can be more practical for repeat Japanese stays: One Harmony covers Okura Nikko Hotels, Hotel JAL City and related properties, is free to join, offers tier status, and generally extends points two years after qualifying activity. Prince (Seibu), APA, and Toyoko Inn also run domestic programs.\nValuing hotel points and travel cards\nInternational hotel-point valuations should account for resort fees, taxes, fifth-night benefits, breakfast or lounge access, award availability, and the cash price the traveler would actually pay. Domestic programs with simple stamp or stay-count awards may outperform transferable points for frequent low-cost stays. Travel credit cards (ANA Card, JAL Card) can add 1–2% plus miles, but value the perks — lounge access, insurance, hotel benefits, family cards — individually, and only when you will genuinely use them. As always, a nominal point is worth only what you realistically redeem it for.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/hotel-travel-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-marriott-expiry","faq:rewards-one-harmony"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:domestic-traveler-rewards"]},"sources":[{"id":"marriott-bonvoy","publisher":"Marriott International","title":"Marriott Bonvoy program terms","url":"https://www.marriott.com/loyalty.mi","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"one-harmony","publisher":"Okura Nikko Hotels","title":"One Harmony (Okura Nikko)","url":"https://www.oneharmony.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:stacking-credit-qr-store:en","entityId":"guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Stacking: credit card + QR + store points","plainText":"Present a merchant loyalty code, then pay with a rewarding card or QR wallet, so each eligible layer earns separately; verify every layer, and never add two rates that both include the same base.\nHow to legitimately earn card, wallet, and merchant points on one purchase — and the false stacks to avoid.\nTriple-dipping = merchant point + payment-method point + eligible campaign.\nEach layer must be independently eligible for the exact payment source.\nExample: Lawson d POINT card + d払い funded by d Card, plus store points.\nDo not add a base 0.5% on top of a category rate that already includes it.\nA wallet accepting a card as funding does not prove the charge earns points.\nHow legitimate stacking works\nStacking means receiving more than one legitimate reward from the same purchase — typically a merchant point (from scanning a loyalty card or app) plus a payment-method point (from the card or QR wallet used), and sometimes an entered campaign. At Lawson you might present a d POINT card, then pay with d払い funded by an eligible d Card, and receive the merchant’s d POINT plus roughly 1% from the wallet-and-card layer. The critical rule is that each layer must be independently eligible for the exact payment source: the merchant must participate in the point layer, and other-card funding of d払い receives no ordinary d払い points.\nCommon false stacks\nSome combinations look like stacks but should not be counted without explicit current confirmation: a credit-card reward on every prepaid or QR-wallet charge; a wallet spending reward on a balance funded by an excluded card; both a seven-percent category rate and an extra base 0.5% when the seven percent already includes the base; rewards for tax, bill, e-money charge, investment, or cash-like transactions merely because the card is accepted; and an old card-to-e-money “loop” from a stale blog post. A wallet accepting a card as a funding source does not establish that the issuer awards points for the funding transaction — verify each layer on the transaction date.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/stacking-credit-qr-store","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-stacking","faq:rewards-dpoint-dbarai","faq:rewards-avoid-double-count"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ecommerce-stacking","guide:convenience-store-points","guide:reward-stacking-checker"]},"sources":[{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d POINT CLUB official site","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dbarai","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d払い (d Barai) official site","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC selected convenience-store/restaurant reward terms","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-pay","publisher":"Rakuten Payment","title":"Rakuten Pay official site","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ecommerce-stacking:en","entityId":"guide:ecommerce-stacking","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"E-commerce + card + campaign stacks","plainText":"On Rakuten Ichiba you can stack base points, card-related SPU, and an entered campaign, but entry, tax-exclusive calculation, caps, and limited-time expiration differ by component — always compare the item’s final delivered price.\nHow marketplace base points, SPU, and entered campaigns combine — and why you compare the final price.\nRakuten Ichiba: base points + Rakuten Card SPU + entered campaigns (up to big multipliers).\nYahoo Shopping: PayPay Points + PayPay Card + weekly coupons.\nEntry is often required; several components are limited-time points.\nRakuten campaigns commonly calculate points after coupon reductions.\nCompare the item’s final price after coupons, shipping, and points.\nCombining marketplace layers\nMarketplace stacking combines base marketplace points, card-related SPU, and eligible temporary campaign points. On Rakuten Ichiba, the base is about 1% with a Rakuten Card, SPU adds points as you use more group services, and shopping-marathon or big campaigns can add more — but entry, tax-exclusive calculation, caps, shipment timing, and limited-time expiration differ by component, and several SPU and campaign components are limited-time points. On Yahoo Shopping, PayPay Points combine with the PayPay Card and weekly coupons. Because Rakuten campaigns commonly calculate points after coupon reductions, and caps are often low, the only reliable comparison is the item’s final delivered price after coupons, shipping, and realistically-valued points across marketplaces.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/ecommerce-stacking","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-rakuten-spu","faq:rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:ecommerce-points-programs"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten SPU (Super Point Up) program","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-card-terms","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"Rakuten Card official site","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compare-point-ecosystems:en","entityId":"guide:compare-point-ecosystems","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten vs PayPay vs d vs Ponta vs V: ecosystem comparison","plainText":"Rakuten suits online/integrated users, PayPay suits broad in-person QR with no ordinary-point expiry, d POINT suits docomo, Ponta suits au/Lawson/JAL, and V Points suit SMBC/SBI — choose the one matching your existing services.\nHow the five largest general ecosystems differ by anchor, expiry, QR app, and best user.\nRakuten: anchor is Rakuten Ichiba/services; watch limited-time points.\nPayPay: broad QR acceptance; ordinary points do not expire.\nd POINT: straightforward docomo and d払い linkage; fixed 48-month expiry.\nPonta: au/Lawson/Recruit/JAL utility; extended by activity.\nV Points: banking, card, investment, and merchant integration.\nThe five ecosystems side by side\nThe five largest general ecosystems differ mainly by natural anchor, expiration, and QR app. Rakuten anchors on Rakuten Ichiba and services with an activity-oriented expiry (watch limited-time points), and its QR app is Rakuten Pay. PayPay anchors on PayPay and Yahoo/SoftBank with no expiry for ordinary points and the broadest QR acceptance. d POINT anchors on docomo and d払い with a fixed 48-month expiry. Ponta anchors on au, Lawson, Recruit, and JAL, extended by qualifying activity, with au PAY as the companion wallet. V Points anchor on SMBC/Olive, SBI, and a broad merchant network, extended by qualifying balance activity, with V Point Pay as a prepaid option rather than a single dominant QR app.\nWhich to choose\nMatch the ecosystem to your existing services rather than chasing the highest headline rate. Rakuten is the strongest beginner reason for heavy Rakuten customers (one-percent card plus integrated ecommerce); PayPay for broad QR and no ordinary-point expiry; d POINT for docomo customers; Ponta for au/Lawson/JAL users; V Points for SMBC/SBI users. The PayPay and V Point systems now support mutual one-to-one exchange, but the converted V balance has fixed one-year validity and the exchange has limits, so exchange to solve a real redemption need, not just to move points. Concentrating on one ecosystem beats maintaining several nearly interchangeable balances.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/compare-point-ecosystems","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-which-ecosystem","faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten","faq:rewards-paypay-vpoint"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem","guide:best-programs-by-category","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-point","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten Point official site","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d POINT CLUB official site","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ponta-official","publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","title":"Ponta / Recruit point program","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"vpoint-official","publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","title":"V Point official site","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-programs-by-category:en","entityId":"guide:best-programs-by-category","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best programs by category and persona","plainText":"Beginners: the ecosystem matching your carrier/bank; foreign residents: a free loyalty account first, then a no-fee card; convenience: SMBC NL smartphone-touch; supermarket: WAON at AEON; travel: ANA/JAL only when redemption is realistic.\nThe most defensible starting choice for beginners, foreign residents, shoppers, travelers, and investors.\nBeginner: Rakuten or PayPay, or the ecosystem attached to your mobile carrier.\nForeign resident: a free loyalty account first, then a no-fee card after building history.\nConvenience stores: SMBC NL smartphone-touch route at eligible chains.\nSupermarkets: WAON POINT at AEON; otherwise the store’s own program.\nTravel: ANA or JAL only when award redemption is realistic.\nLeading starting choice by use case\nFor a complete beginner, start with Rakuten Points, PayPay Points, or the ecosystem attached to your mobile carrier — broad utility and easy ¥1-style redemption. A foreign resident should open a free loyalty account first (membership is easier than credit underwriting), then apply for a no-fee card after establishing address, phone, and bank history. For everyday spending, a one-percent no-fee card plus the merchant point already offered keeps complexity and expiration risk low. Convenience-store shoppers get the most from the SMBC NL smartphone-touch route at eligible chains (up to 7%, method-specific). Supermarket shoppers should use WAON POINT at AEON-group stores, or the supermarket’s own program elsewhere.\nBy persona and spending level\nBy carrier: SoftBank/Y!mobile users fit PayPay; docomo users fit d POINT and d払い (consider d Card tiers only after fee analysis); au/UQ users fit Ponta and au PAY. For travel, choose ANA or JAL only when award redemption is realistic; otherwise prefer flexible points or cash-equivalent value, because miles expire and availability can constrain value. Investors should use the bank–card–brokerage combination already suitable for them (card-investment rewards are secondary to fees, fund choice, and risk). Low spenders should avoid annual fees and high-minimum airline transfers; high spenders should optimise thresholds but stop using a weaker card once its useful cap is reached.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/best-programs-by-category","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-beginner-program","faq:rewards-foreign-first-card","faq:rewards-no-fee-cards"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:compare-point-ecosystems","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category","guide:foreign-resident-rewards"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC selected convenience-store/restaurant reward terms","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"waon-point","publisher":"AEON","title":"WAON POINT official site","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-point","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten Point official site","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-credit-cards-by-category:en","entityId":"guide:best-credit-cards-by-category","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best credit cards by category","plainText":"Best no-fee general: Rakuten/PayPay/au PAY/d Card (~1% each); best convenience specialist: SMBC NL; best young no-fee: JCB Card W; best train: a suitable View card; best premium: whichever recurring benefit exceeds its fee.\nThe most defensible cards for no-fee general use, convenience, transit, young applicants, and premium.\nBest no-fee general return: Rakuten, PayPay, au PAY, or d Card — choose by ecosystem.\nBest convenience specialist: SMBC NL (exact eligible smartphone route).\nBest first premium threshold: SMBC Gold NL when ¥1M annual spend is predictable.\nBest young no-fee: JCB Card W (apply by age 39).\nBest train: a suitable View card for frequent JR East/Mobile Suica users.\nThe most defensible shortlist per goal\nFor the best no-annual-fee general return, Rakuten Card, PayPay Card, au PAY Card, and d Card each offer an ordinary rate near one percent in their own point system, so choose by redemption ecosystem. The best selected convenience-store specialist is SMBC Numberless via the precise eligible smartphone payment route. The best first premium threshold card is SMBC Gold Numberless when ¥1,000,000 of natural eligible annual spending is predictable, and the best PayPay premium is PayPay Card Gold where the annual-spend and SoftBank benefits justify the fee. The best young-applicant no-fee card is JCB Card W (apply by age 39).\nTransit, cashback-like, and premium\nFor transit, a suitable View card wins for frequent JR East/Mobile Suica users — route and regional railway matter more than national rankings. For cashback-like simplicity, choose a one-percent card whose points are automatically or routinely used at ¥1 (these are technically point cards, not bank cashback). For airlines, pick the ANA or JAL card matching actual use and transfer plan; there is no universal winner because annual fees and award availability dominate. For premium, the best card is the one whose recurring benefit exceeds its fee without a behaviour change — value lounge count, insurance, hotel benefits, and family cards individually, and never manufacture spending to reach a threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/best-credit-cards-by-category","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent","faq:rewards-premium-card-worth"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:best-programs-by-category","guide:smbc-numberless-card","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card-terms","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"Rakuten Card official site","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"smbc-nl","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC Card (NL) numberless card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/numberless.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"smbc-gold-nl","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC Card Gold (NL)","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/gold-numberless.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jcb-card-w","publisher":"JCB","title":"JCB Card W official site","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcbcardw.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"view-card","publisher":"JR East","title":"View Card official site","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-qr-payment-apps:en","entityId":"guide:best-qr-payment-apps","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best QR-payment apps compared","plainText":"PayPay has the broadest acceptance and no ordinary-point expiry, Rakuten Pay is best for Rakuten users, d払い for docomo/d POINT, au PAY for Ponta/au, and Merpay for active Mercari users.\nPayPay, Rakuten Pay, d払い, au PAY, and Merpay by coverage, funding, and earning.\nPayPay: broadest merchant coverage; ordinary points do not expire.\nRakuten Pay: best for Rakuten users; up to 2.5% with point-card presentation.\nd払い: best for docomo/d POINT; ~1% with eligible d Card funding.\nau PAY: best for Ponta/au; withdrawal free at au Jibun Bank.\nMerpay: best for active Mercari buyers and sellers.\nHow the wallets compare\nThe five main QR wallets differ by acceptance, funding options, and earning. PayPay has the broadest merchant coverage (around ten million stores) and ordinary points that do not expire, but Step earning requires KYC and excludes point-funded portions. Rakuten Pay is best for Rakuten users and can reach up to 2.5% with eligible point-card presentation and qualifying Rakuten Cash payment. d払い is best for docomo and d POINT users, earning about 1% with eligible d Card funding, though other-card funding earns no ordinary d払い points. au PAY is best for Ponta and au users, with free withdrawal at au Jibun Bank. Merpay is best for active Mercari buyers and sellers rather than as a universal points app.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/best-qr-payment-apps","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-best-qr-app","faq:rewards-paypay-charge-points"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:paypay-app-guide","guide:rakuten-pay-guide","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-pay","publisher":"Rakuten Payment","title":"Rakuten Pay official site","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dbarai","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d払い (d Barai) official site","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aupay-app","publisher":"KDDI","title":"au PAY official site","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"merpay-guide","publisher":"Merpay","title":"Merpay official site","url":"https://www.merpay.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:points-cashback-calculator:en","entityId":"guide:points-cashback-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Points vs cashback calculator and comparison","plainText":"Value a point option at points × probability of redemption × realistic value; a 10,000-point award redeemed 80% of the time at ¥0.80 is worth ¥6,400, not ¥10,000.\nA method for comparing point and cashback returns using realistic redemption probability.\nAnnual points value = spend × point rate × point value.\nAnnual cashback value = spend × cashback rate.\nPoint option value = points × probability of redemption × realistic value.\nPoints can outperform via bonuses/travel but carry expiry and devaluation.\nCashback is simpler and more certain.\nThe formulas and a worked example\nTo compare, compute annual points value as spend × point rate × point value, and annual cashback value as spend × cashback rate. At ¥200,000/month and 1% both nominally return ¥24,000/year — but the point option must be discounted for redemption reality. Value a point option at points × probability of redemption × realistic value: a 10,000-point award with an 80% probability of redemption at ¥0.80 per point has an expected value of ¥6,400, not ¥10,000. Points can outperform cash through merchant bonuses or high-value travel redemption, but they carry expiration, devaluation, and restricted use; cashback is simpler and more certain. Many residents run both — a cashback-like card plus one point ecosystem.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/points-cashback-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback","faq:rewards-point-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","guide:annual-fee-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","title":"Payment and Settlement Systems","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:annual-fee-calculator:en","entityId":"guide:annual-fee-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Annual-fee break-even and decision tools","plainText":"Break-even spending = (annual fee − fixed benefits actually used) ÷ premium incremental rate; do not count lounges at retail price unless you would otherwise pay it.\nHow to compute break-even spending for a paid card, and the other reward calculators.\nBreak-even spending = (annual fee − fixed benefits used) ÷ premium incremental rate.\nA credit-card reward calculator applies the category rate only up to the cap.\nDo not value lounges at walk-in price unless you would pay it.\nExpected expiration loss (e.g. 2% of earned points) belongs in the net figure.\nRewards are a secondary tie-breaker, never the primary reason for a product.\nBreak-even and the reward calculator\nA paid card is worth its fee only when incremental rewards and used benefits exceed it. Break-even spending = (annual fee − fixed benefits actually used) ÷ premium incremental rate. Do not count airport lounges at their retail walk-in price unless you would otherwise pay that amount, and do not manufacture spending to reach a threshold. A full credit-card reward calculator takes annual general spending, category spending, base rate, category rate and cap, annual threshold bonus, annual fee, redemption value, expected expiration loss, and excluded transactions, then outputs gross and net reward — applying the category rate only to the smaller of category spending and the cap. Net annual reward = base rewards + bonuses − fees − expiration losses − extra costs.\nOther calculators and the time cost\nRelated tools use the same discipline. The mile-value calculator divides (comparable cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) by miles used. The QR-payment funding optimizer sums charge reward + wallet-spend reward + merchant reward − fees, marking any component zero unless official terms confirm it. The point-expiration tracker sets alerts at 90, 30, and 7 days. Above all, apply a personal hourly value to tracking time: net optimization benefit = extra rewards − fees − (hours × value of time). An extra ¥6,000 per year needing two hours a month is worth only about ¥250 per hour before error and overspending risk.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/annual-fee-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-break-even","faq:rewards-premium-card-worth"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:points-cashback-calculator","guide:mile-value-calculator","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","title":"Payment and Settlement Systems","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mile-value-calculator:en","entityId":"guide:mile-value-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Airline-mile value calculator","plainText":"Mile value = (comparable cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) ÷ miles used; use the fare you would really buy, and remember taxes and surcharges remain on award tickets.\nHow to compute the real per-mile value of an award, net of taxes and forgone benefits.\nMile value = (cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) ÷ miles used.\nUse the fare you would actually buy, not an inflated flexible fare.\nTaxes, airport charges, and fuel surcharges remain on award tickets.\nA ¥100,000 fare needing 50,000 miles + ¥20,000 taxes = ¥1.60/mile.\nCompare against cash or statement-credit redemption before transferring.\nComputing real mile value\nNo mile has a fixed cash value. To value one, divide (comparable cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) by miles used. A ¥100,000 cash itinerary requiring 50,000 miles and ¥20,000 of award taxes yields (100,000 − 20,000) ÷ 50,000 = ¥1.60 per mile. Crucially, the “comparable cash fare” should be the fare you would really buy, not an expensive flexible fare chosen to inflate the number, and taxes, airport charges, and fuel surcharges do not disappear on award tickets. Inputs should also include positioning travel, change/cancellation risk, points transferred, transfer ratio, and miles likely to expire. Show value per redeemed mile, value per original credit-card point, value after any transfer bonus, and the comparison with cash or statement-credit redemption — then transfer only if the award genuinely beats those alternatives.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/mile-value-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-mile-value","faq:rewards-transfer-miles"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:redeem-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-mileage","publisher":"All Nippon Airways","title":"ANA Mileage Club","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jal-mileage","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"JAL Mileage Bank","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:reward-stacking-checker:en","entityId":"guide:reward-stacking-checker","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Reward-stacking checker and campaign checklist","plainText":"For each layer, confirm merchant eligibility, the exact funding source, the exact contactless rail, campaign entry, remaining cap, coupon rules, refund risk, and expiration — and reject any stack where two rates both include the same base.\nA layer-by-layer validation method that rejects false stacks and tracks campaign eligibility.\nMerchant: does the store award points with this payment method?\nFunding/rail: is the exact source and contactless rail eligible?\nCampaign: was entry completed before the deadline? Is cap remaining?\nCoupon/refund: does it reduce eligible spend or reverse the bonus?\nReject a stack when two rates both include the same base reward.\nThe layer-by-layer checker\nFor every stack, validate each layer before counting it. Merchant membership: does the store award points with this payment method? Card or wallet: is the exact funding source eligible? Category bonus: does the exact contactless rail qualify (network touch vs iD vs QUICPay)? Campaign: was entry completed before the relevant deadline? Cap: is monthly or campaign capacity remaining? Coupon: does it prohibit another discount or reduce eligible spend? Refund: will a partial return reverse the whole bonus? Expiration: will the bonus remain usable long enough? The checker must reject a stack when two rates both include the same base reward — for example, adding a base 0.5% on top of SMBC’s seven-percent route, which already includes it.\nCampaign eligibility checklist\nFor campaigns, record the official campaign page, entry timestamp, application window, spending window, eligible merchant, minimum amount, transaction count, excluded payment sources, coupon requirement, cap, award date, point type, and expiration. In Japan, completing the spending requirement without first entering the campaign can produce no bonus, and campaigns frequently issue limited-time or limited-use balances rather than ordinary points. Lottery campaigns are worth their expected value (using winning probability), not the top prize. Screenshots are useful for personal recordkeeping, but the current official terms govern, and operators can exclude or claw back abuse.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/reward-stacking-checker","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-avoid-double-count","faq:rewards-campaign-entry","faq:rewards-campaign-not-track"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:ecommerce-stacking"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC selected convenience-store/restaurant reward terms","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten SPU (Super Point Up) program","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-step","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Step reward program","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-resident-rewards:en","entityId":"guide:foreign-resident-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rewards strategy for foreign residents","plainText":"Start with free loyalty accounts and a cash/prepaid wallet while building address, phone, and bank history; then apply for one no-fee card (Rakuten or Epos are commonly accessible), one application at a time.\nHow newcomers should sequence loyalty accounts, wallets, and their first card.\nLoyalty membership is easier than credit underwriting — join free accounts first.\nCards generally require Japanese residence, address, phone, and a bank account.\nLikely accessible first cards: Rakuten Card, Epos Card.\nPayPay, d POINT, and Lawson Ponta are approachable for newcomers.\nApply for one card at a time; do not open many products at once.\nSequencing accounts and the first card\nForeign residents face two hurdles: needing Japanese ID, address, phone, and often a bank account, and starting with no domestic credit history. The sequence that works is to join free merchant point programs first (loyalty membership is easier than credit underwriting) and use a debit, prepaid, or cash-funded wallet while building domestic financial history. PayPay accepts app sign-up and is widely accepted; d POINT allows non-docomo accounts; Lawson Ponta is easy to join without a docomo contract; WAON is easy to use at AEON. Avoid programs that require heavy Japanese if you cannot navigate them yet.\nApplying for your first card\nWhen you apply, do it selectively and one at a time. Japanese card approval generally requires residence, a domestic address, a reachable phone, a bank account, and underwriting, and applications and support are often Japanese-first even when the network provides some English. Commonly accessible first cards are the Rakuten Card (partial English information) and the Epos Card (easy to get, often cited as accessible for building history). Consistency matters: keep your name spelling, order, and katakana identical across your residence card, bank, and applications, because mismatches commonly cause verification failures.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/foreign-resident-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-foreign-join","faq:rewards-foreign-first-card","faq:rewards-foreign-card-tourist"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:epos-card","guide:best-programs-by-category","guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card-terms","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"Rakuten Card official site","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"epos-card-terms","publisher":"Marui / Epos","title":"Epos Card official site","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:train-commuter-rewards:en","entityId":"guide:train-commuter-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Train commuter rewards strategy","plainText":"Register Mobile Suica with JRE POINT and charge it with a View card to stack a nominal 3.5% on eligible JR East rides, then present your JRE POINT card at station stores — route and railway matter more than national rankings.\nHow daily riders combine Mobile Suica, a View card, and station-building points.\nRegister Mobile Suica to JRE POINT; unregistered rides earn nothing.\nView charging (1.5%) + eligible Mobile Suica ride points (2%) ≈ 3.5% stack.\nPresent the JRE POINT card at station stores for merchant points.\nNot every Suica transaction is a qualifying JR East ride.\nRoute and regional railway matter more than national rankings.\nThe commuter stack\nFor a JR East commuter, the core setup is to register Mobile Suica with a JRE POINT account and charge it with a View card. Eligible Mobile Suica JR East rides earn two percent JRE POINT (one point per ¥50), and View charging earns 1.5%, creating a nominal 3.5% stack on the same eligible travel funding cycle. Register the Suica before travelling, because unregistered rides and cash do not earn ride points. Be aware that not every Suica transaction is a qualifying JR East ride — nonqualifying rail operators, unregistered Suica, and some pass products follow different rates.\nStation shopping and other regions\nPresent your JRE POINT card or app at station stores (kiosks, station buildings, shopping malls) to add merchant points on top of payment rewards; JRE Card and eligible View products can earn more at designated station-building stores, though merchant designation and the September 1, 2026 changes must be checked. For other regions the logic is the same but the program differs: JR West uses WESTER, ICOCA, and a J-WEST relationship; JR Kyushu uses JR Kyupo; private railways use their own cards with PASMO/manaca/PiTaPa. Route and regional railway matter more than national rankings, so evaluate by your actual commute.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/train-commuter-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-suica-register","faq:rewards-view-card-worth","faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:jre-point-guide","guide:view-card-standard","guide:mobile-suica-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"jre-point","publisher":"JR East","title":"JRE POINT official site","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jre-suica","publisher":"JR East","title":"JR East Suica / JRE POINT ride rewards","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"view-card","publisher":"JR East","title":"View Card official site","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"wester-points","publisher":"JR West","title":"WESTER points (JR West)","url":"https://www.jr-odekake.net/wester/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:convenience-shopper-rewards:en","entityId":"guide:convenience-shopper-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Convenience-store shopper strategy","plainText":"Carry the relevant point card (nanaco, d POINT/Ponta), pay by QR or the SMBC NL smartphone-touch route where eligible, and always scan the store membership before paying — the PayPay ecosystem suits konbini broadly.\nHow regular konbini shoppers combine store cards, QR wallets, and the SMBC 7% route.\n7-Eleven: nanaco; Lawson: d POINT/Ponta; FamilyMart: V Points/FamiPay; Ministop: WAON.\nScan the store membership, apply coupons, then pay with the best eligible route.\nSMBC NL smartphone-touch can reach 7% at eligible chains (method-specific).\nPayPay is broadly accepted and suits konbini spending.\nCard rewards are usually calculated on the amount after a coupon discount.\nThe konbini routine\nKey stores anchor different programs: 7-Eleven (nanaco), Lawson (d POINT or Ponta), FamilyMart (V Points or FamiPay), and Ministop (WAON). The efficient routine is to scan the relevant point card or app, apply any store-app coupon, then pay with the best eligible route — a rewarding card or QR wallet. Where you use SMBC’s selected-store smartphone-touch route at eligible chains, the reward can reach seven percent, but only via the exact eligible smartphone contactless path (physical-card touch and iD are excluded), and you must not add a separate base 0.5% because seven percent already includes it. Card rewards are normally calculated on the amount after any coupon discount.\nBest overall ecosystem for konbini\nFor someone who mainly wants simplicity, the PayPay ecosystem suits convenience-store spending because it is broadly accepted and its ordinary points do not expire — pairing it with the PayPay Card can add a card layer. If you shop most at a single chain, the store’s own program (nanaco at 7-Eleven, or d POINT/Ponta at Lawson) plus a matching payment method is the cleaner setup. The overriding rule is unchanged: convenience purchases are small and frequent, so a modest reward is fine, but never let a campaign push you to buy things you would not otherwise buy.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/convenience-shopper-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-seven-eleven-best","faq:rewards-lawson-best","faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:convenience-store-points","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:smbc-numberless-card"]},"sources":[{"id":"nanaco-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service","title":"nanaco points official site","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d POINT CLUB official site","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ponta-official","publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","title":"Ponta / Recruit point program","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC selected convenience-store/restaurant reward terms","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:family-rewards:en","entityId":"guide:family-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Family and household rewards strategy","plainText":"Concentrate on one grocery ecosystem (often WAON at AEON) plus one household expense card, use family/supplementary cards where useful, and keep a shared expiration calendar.\nHow a household concentrates grocery and utility spending and shares an expiration calendar.\nConcentrate grocery spending in one ecosystem (WAON at AEON is a common fit).\nUse one household expense card for utilities and recurring bills.\nFamily/supplementary cards can pool spending toward thresholds — check terms.\nKeep a shared expiration calendar to avoid losing limited-time points.\nHigh grocery and utility concentration produces most of the household reward.\nConcentrate and share\nA household earns most of its rewards from a few large, recurring categories — groceries and utilities — so the winning setup is to concentrate grocery spending in one ecosystem (WAON POINT at AEON-group stores is a common fit given store member days) and route utilities and recurring bills through one household expense card. Family or supplementary cards can pool spending toward annual thresholds, but only the specific product terms determine whether family-card purchases count, so verify before assuming aggregation. Keep a single shared expiration calendar and do one monthly review, because limited-time points scattered across family members are the easiest value to lose.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/family-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-family-pooling","faq:rewards-supermarket-best"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:supermarket-points","guide:waon-point-guide","guide:best-programs-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"waon-point","publisher":"AEON","title":"WAON POINT official site","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aeon-card","publisher":"AEON Financial Service","title":"AEON Card official site","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/ct/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:domestic-traveler-rewards:en","entityId":"guide:domestic-traveler-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Domestic traveler rewards strategy","plainText":"Use the railway ecosystem for your region plus flexible hotel discounts, and earn airline miles only for routes you actually fly — miles expire and award availability constrains value.\nHow frequent domestic travelers combine railway ecosystems, hotel discounts, and selective miles.\nUse the railway ecosystem that fits your region (JRE POINT, WESTER, etc.).\nPrefer flexible hotel discounts and simple stay-count programs for frequent stays.\nEarn airline miles only for routes you actually fly.\nValue hotel points and miles against the cash price you would actually pay.\nA domestic travel card can add ~1% plus miles — value the fee against real use.\nRail, hotels, and selective miles\nA frequent domestic traveler’s base is the railway ecosystem for their region — JRE POINT and Mobile Suica in the east, WESTER and ICOCA in Kansai, JR Kyupo in Kyushu — layered with an appropriate View or J-WEST product where the commuting or travel rewards exceed the fee. For lodging, flexible hotel discounts and simple domestic stay-count programs (One Harmony, Prince, APA, Toyoko Inn) often outperform transferable points for frequent low-cost stays. Earn airline miles only for routes you actually fly, because miles expire (~36 months) and award availability can constrain value. A domestic travel card can add about 1% plus miles, but value its fee against real use rather than headline perks.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/domestic-traveler-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-one-harmony","faq:rewards-mile-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:hotel-travel-rewards","guide:train-commuter-rewards","guide:ana-vs-jal"]},"sources":[{"id":"jre-point","publisher":"JR East","title":"JRE POINT official site","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"wester-points","publisher":"JR West","title":"WESTER points (JR West)","url":"https://www.jr-odekake.net/wester/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"one-harmony","publisher":"Okura Nikko Hotels","title":"One Harmony (Okura Nikko)","url":"https://www.oneharmony.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rewards-glossary-sources-archive:en","entityId":"guide:rewards-glossary-sources-archive","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rewards glossary, sources, and outdated-strategy archive","plainText":"This hub defines core terms, explains why every claim cites official first-party sources with a verification date, and lists strategies that expired in 2025–2026 (Furusato Nozei points, PayPay Step without KYC, and more).\nKey terms, the official-source approach, and superseded strategies you should stop using.\nBase rate vs effective rate; ordinary vs limited-time vs limited-use points.\nStacking vs double counting; campaign entry vs automatic enrollment.\nEvery factual claim cites an official source with a verification date.\nFurusato Nozei portal points were removed from October 1, 2025.\nPayPay Step requires KYC and excludes point-funded portions since June 2, 2026.\nCore terms and the source approach\nA few terms recur throughout this cluster. Base rate is the ordinary return before campaigns; effective rate is what you actually receive after caps, fees, exclusions, rounding, and realistic redemption. Ordinary points follow standard rules; limited-time points have a fixed deadline; limited-use points are restricted to specified uses. Stacking is receiving more than one legitimate reward on one purchase; double counting is incorrectly adding rates that include the same base. Because this is money-you-touch content, every factual rate, fee, expiry, and eligibility claim cites an official first-party source (issuer, program, airline, or the National Tax Agency) with a verification date — a search snippet is never evidence, and uncertain values are shown as unknown rather than guessed.\nSuperseded and unsafe strategies\nSeveral once-common strategies are now expired or unsafe. Furusato Nozei portal points, SPU, and shopping-marathon bonuses were removed from October 1, 2025, though ordinary card-payment points may remain. PayPay Step no longer works without identity verification (June 2, 2026), and the portion paid with PayPay Points is excluded from Step rewards. PayPay Gold’s old extra base-rate bonus was superseded on June 2, 2026 by a one-percent basic rate and annual-spend benefit. Rakuten Pay’s announced March 1, 2026 change was postponed, not implemented. From September 1, 2026 the d Card-funded d払い bonus becomes limited-use points, and JRE Card station benefits change. Physical-card touch, smartphone touch, and iD are not interchangeable for SMBC’s selected-store seven-percent route. Airline award charts changed in 2026 for both ANA and JAL. Never repeat an expired card-to-e-money “loop” from an old blog post.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/rewards-glossary-sources-archive","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-furusato-points","faq:rewards-paypay-points-step","faq:rewards-sources"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-furusato","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten Furusato Nozei","url":"https://event.rakuten.co.jp/furusato/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-step","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Step reward program","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dbarai","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d払い (d Barai) official site","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nta-points-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"NTA — treatment of purchase-linked points","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/law/shitsugi/shotoku/02/37.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:points-deals-and-campaigns:en","entityId":"guide:points-deals-and-campaigns","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Points deals & campaigns in Japan: find the real value","plainText":"Most Japanese campaigns pay in limited-time points with caps and short expiry; a deal is only worth it when the real, redeemable value exceeds the effort and any extra spend it triggers.\nHow Japanese point campaigns work, how to judge whether a deal is actually worth it, and how to avoid campaigns that cost more attention than they return.\nCampaign rewards are usually limited-time points with a cap and a short expiry window.\nA “+10%” offer is only worth 10% on the eligible portion up to its cap — read the ceiling.\nEntry is often required (tap “entry/エントリー” before spending) or the bonus does not count.\nValue limited-time points at what you will realistically spend before they expire.\nEcosystem mega-sales (Rakuten SPU, PayPay Step) reward concentration, not scattered chasing.\nHow Japanese point campaigns actually work\nAlmost every large campaign in Japan pays in limited-time points (期間限定ポイント) rather than ordinary points. Limited-time points typically expire within weeks to a few months and can sometimes be spent only inside a narrow set of services, so a headline number rarely equals its cash value. Rakuten’s SPU (Super Point Up) and PayPay Step are the two clearest examples: both raise your effective rate the more of the ecosystem you use, and both cap the bonus per month and per category.\nMany campaigns also require an explicit “entry” tap before you spend — miss the entry and the bonus simply does not accrue, even if you met every other condition. Always read three things before you decide a deal is good: the eligible spend, the monthly cap on bonus points, and the expiry date of the points you will receive.\nA simple test for whether a deal is worth it\nCompute the realistic redeemable value, not the advertised maximum. Multiply the bonus rate by the amount you would have spent anyway, cap it at the stated ceiling, then discount for the share you will not manage to redeem before expiry. If that number beats the time you will spend tracking the campaign — and does not tempt you into buying things you did not need — take it. Otherwise skip it.\nCampaigns to ignore\nSkip campaigns that require opening a product you do not need, that pay in points redeemable only in a service you never use, or whose conditions are so layered that tracking them becomes a second job. The most common trap is a large signup bonus on a card or wallet that then sits unused: a one-off bonus is not a recurring return, and an unused product still carries fees, security exposure, and mental overhead.\nThe disciplined approach is to concentrate in one ecosystem so campaign points land where you already spend, enter the few campaigns that overlap your normal purchases, and let the rest pass.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/points-deals-and-campaigns","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-limited-time","faq:rewards-stacking"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:maximize-points-japan","guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten SPU (Super Point Up) program","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-step","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Step reward program","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:redeem-points-for-travel:en","entityId":"guide:redeem-points-for-travel","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Redeeming points for travel in Japan","plainText":"Everyday points redeem at about ¥1 for travel bookings, but converting to airline miles can exceed ¥1 per point on long-haul premium seats — only if you actually fly those routes.\nWhen converting points to travel — flights, trains, and travel bookings — beats spending them at ¥1, and how to avoid poor transfer value.\nBooking travel directly with points is usually a flat ~¥1 per point — simple and predictable.\nTransferring points to ANA or JAL miles can beat ¥1, but only on the right redemption.\nPonta transfers to JAL and several ecosystems reach ANA — check the current ratio first.\nPeak-season award seats are scarce; flexibility is what unlocks outsized mile value.\nFor short domestic trips, spending points at ¥1 often beats the effort of a mile transfer.\nTwo ways points become travel\nThere are two distinct routes. The first is spending points directly inside an ecosystem travel service — Rakuten Travel, d POINT-linked bookings, or paying with a wallet at a travel agent — where points behave like cash at roughly ¥1 each. This is predictable and needs no planning. The second is transferring points into an airline mileage program (ANA Mileage Club or JAL Mileage Bank) and redeeming award flights, where the value per point varies enormously.\nMiles reward a travel-heavy pattern. On short domestic hops the effective value of a mile is often close to or below ¥1, so the direct-spend route usually wins. On long-haul or premium-cabin awards a mile can be worth well above ¥1 — but only if seats are available on the dates and routes you actually want to fly.\nGetting transfer value right\nBefore transferring, check the current conversion ratio and any minimum — ratios change and are set by each program, not fixed. Ponta points transfer to JAL miles, and several ecosystems provide a path to ANA; the exact rate determines whether the transfer is worthwhile. As a rule, only transfer points you have a concrete plan to redeem, because miles expire and devalue like any other points, and a transferred mile you never use is worth less than the ¥1 you could have taken directly.\nBook award seats as early as the calendar opens for peak dates, stay flexible on off-peak dates, and compare the mile price against the cash fare to confirm you are actually getting more than ¥1 of value per point spent.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/redeem-points-for-travel","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-mile-value","faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-vs-jal","guide:hotel-travel-rewards","guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:redeem-points-for-hotels"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-mileage","publisher":"All Nippon Airways","title":"ANA Mileage Club","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jal-mileage","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"JAL Mileage Bank","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ponta-jal","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"Ponta ↔ JAL mile exchange","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:redeem-points-for-cash:en","entityId":"guide:redeem-points-for-cash","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Redeeming points for cash and bills in Japan","plainText":"Most Japanese points cannot be withdrawn as cash, but spending them at the register or against bills is effectively a ¥1-per-point cash equivalent and usually the safest redemption.\nHow to turn points into something cash-like — paying at the register, covering bills, and why true cash-out is rare in Japan.\nDirect bank withdrawal of points is rare; “cash value” means spending at ~¥1 each.\nRakuten Pay, PayPay, d払い and au PAY let you pay in-store using points as money.\nPoints often cover mobile, utility, or card bills inside the same ecosystem.\nPaying at the register is the simplest way to lock in ¥1 value with no expiry risk.\nLimited-time points are best spent here first, before they expire.\nCash-out is rare — “cash-like” is the goal\nUnlike some overseas cashback cards, the large Japanese point programs generally do not let you withdraw points to a bank account. What they offer instead is cash-like spending: at the register you tell the app to apply points, and each point knocks about ¥1 off the bill. Rakuten Pay, PayPay, d払い and au PAY all support paying with points at participating merchants, and convenience stores are the most reliable place to use almost any balance.\nBecause register spending realises a clean ¥1 with no transfer step and no expiry risk once spent, it is the safest redemption for the majority of people, and the correct default when you are unsure what to do with a balance.\nApplying points to bills\nWithin an ecosystem, points frequently cover recurring costs — a docomo user can put d POINTs toward the phone bill, a Rakuten user can apply points to card and service charges, and wallet balances can settle many utility and tax payment slips via code payment. This is a strong use for limited-time points, which you should always spend before ordinary points because they expire first.\nThe one caution is that paying a bill with points does not earn new points on that amount, so there is no compounding benefit — it is purely a ¥1 offset. That is fine: certainty at ¥1 beats a speculative higher value you may never realise.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/redeem-points-for-cash","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback","faq:points-value","faq:rewards-paypay-points-step"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","guide:redeem-points-for-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-pay","publisher":"Rakuten Payment","title":"Rakuten Pay official site","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-expiry","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d POINT earning, use and expiration","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:redeem-points-for-hotels:en","entityId":"guide:redeem-points-for-hotels","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Redeeming points for hotels & stays in Japan","plainText":"Ecosystem points book hotels at about ¥1 each through travel portals, while hotel-loyalty programs like Marriott Bonvoy or One Harmony can exceed that on premium nights — but only for frequent guests of those chains.\nBooking stays with ecosystem points versus hotel loyalty programs, and where each gives the better value.\nRakuten Travel, d POINT and wallet payments book stays at roughly ¥1 per point.\nHotel programs (Marriott Bonvoy, Okura Nikko’s One Harmony) reward loyalty to one chain.\nAward-night value swings with season and category — peak nights unlock the most.\nFor occasional travellers, ¥1 ecosystem redemption is simpler and usually as good.\nStacking a travel-portal sale with points and a rewarding card compounds the discount.\nEcosystem points vs hotel loyalty\nFor most residents, the practical way to “redeem points for a hotel” is to pay with ecosystem points on a travel portal — Rakuten Travel is the clearest example, and d POINT and wallet balances work at many properties — where each point is worth about ¥1. This needs no status, no chain loyalty, and works for a one-off trip. Hotel loyalty programs are a different game: Marriott Bonvoy and Okura Nikko’s One Harmony reward guests who concentrate stays in one chain with award nights and status perks.\nThe honest comparison is that loyalty programs can beat ¥1 on high-category or peak-season award nights, but only pay off for people who stay often enough with that chain to reach the redemption. If you stay in a mix of independent and chain hotels, the ¥1 ecosystem route is simpler and usually just as good.\nStacking and timing a stay\nHotel value compounds when you layer discounts: book during a travel-portal sale, apply points to the balance, and pay the remainder with a card that earns in your ecosystem, so a single stay produces a sale price plus a point offset plus fresh card points. Limited-time points are ideal here because a trip is a large, planned purchase that absorbs a big balance before expiry.\nTime award nights the way you would flights — peak dates deliver the most value from a loyalty program, while off-peak stays are usually better paid with ecosystem points at a clean ¥1.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/redeem-points-for-hotels","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-mile-value","faq:points-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:hotel-travel-rewards","guide:redeem-points-for-travel","guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:airline-hotel-status-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"marriott-bonvoy","publisher":"Marriott International","title":"Marriott Bonvoy program terms","url":"https://www.marriott.com/loyalty.mi","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"one-harmony","publisher":"Okura Nikko Hotels","title":"One Harmony (Okura Nikko)","url":"https://www.oneharmony.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-furusato","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten Furusato Nozei","url":"https://event.rakuten.co.jp/furusato/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:redeem-points-for-investing:en","entityId":"guide:redeem-points-for-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Point investing in Japan: turning points into assets","plainText":"Rakuten, PayPay and others let you invest points or use points to buy funds, and card-funded tsumitate earns points on monthly investing — useful, but the underlying fund choice matters far more than the points.\nHow Japan’s distinctive point-investment features work — investing points and card-funded tsumitate — and where they help or distract.\nPoint “investment” features let idle points track markets or buy fund units.\nCard-funded tsumitate (Rakuten Securities, SBI/Olive) earns points on monthly buys.\nThe reward rate on tsumitate depends on card tier and the specific fund.\nPoints invested are still your money — judge the fund, fees and risk first.\nDo not upgrade to a pricier card only for a higher tsumitate point rate; run the math.\nTwo distinctly Japanese features\nJapan has two point-investment ideas that are unusual internationally. The first is “point investment” inside a wallet or brokerage app, where you assign points to track a market index or buy fund units — a low-friction way to put otherwise idle points to work. The second, and more consequential, is card-funded tsumitate (monthly accumulation investing): platforms such as Rakuten Securities and SBI/Olive let you fund a monthly fund purchase with a credit card and earn points on that spend.\nCard-funded tsumitate is genuinely attractive because it earns points on money you are investing anyway, but the reward rate varies by card tier and by the specific fund, and programs adjust these rates over time. Confirm the current rate for your exact card and fund rather than assuming a headline figure.\nKeep the priorities straight\nPoints invested are still real money exposed to real risk, so the decision order is the same as any investment: choose a low-cost, diversified fund suited to your goal first, and treat the points as a small tailwind, not the reason to invest. Inside a NISA account the growth is tax-free, which matters far more over time than a fractional point rate.\nA common mistake is upgrading to a higher-fee card purely to lift the tsumitate point rate. Run the arithmetic: the extra annual fee often exceeds the extra points on a normal monthly contribution. The points are a nice bonus on good investing behaviour — never a substitute for it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/redeem-points-for-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-value","faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:redeem-points-for-cash","guide:bank-brokerage-rewards","guide:maximize-points-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-sec","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sbi-vpoint-invest","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"Olive / SBI card-investment rewards","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/creditmode/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-card-terms","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"Rakuten Card official site","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:credit-card-perks-japan:en","entityId":"guide:credit-card-perks-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Credit card memberships & perks in Japan","plainText":"Gold and platinum cards add perks like airport lounges (often via Priority Pass), travel insurance and concierge; they are worth it only when you use the specific perks enough to cover the fee, and some gold fees can be waived by spending.\nWhat card membership tiers actually give you — lounge access, travel insurance, concierge — and when a fee-carrying card is worth it.\nPerks scale with tier: lounge access, travel insurance, concierge, spend bonuses.\nAirport lounge access often comes via Priority Pass on higher tiers.\nSome gold cards waive the annual fee once you hit a yearly spend threshold.\nTravel insurance terms differ — “automatic” vs “use-conditional” cover is not the same.\nA perk you will not use is not a benefit; price the card on perks you actually need.\nWhat each tier actually gives you\nBeyond earn rate, cards sell membership benefits that rise with the annual fee. Standard cards focus on rewards; gold cards typically add domestic airport lounges, higher insurance limits, and a spend bonus; platinum cards add a concierge service, Priority Pass for overseas lounges, dining benefits, and often a free family card. The MoneyInJapan card research catalogues these tier by tier, so you can match a fee to the specific perks it unlocks rather than the marketing.\nTwo Japanese specifics are worth knowing. First, several gold cards waive their annual fee permanently once you reach a yearly spend threshold — SMBC’s gold NL waives at ¥1M and adds an annual bonus, and Epos Gold waives at a lower threshold — which turns a fee-carrying card into an effectively free one for steady spenders. Second, lounge access on premium cards is frequently delivered through Priority Pass, whose guest and visit rules vary by card.\nWhen a fee is worth paying\nPrice a fee-carrying card on the perks you will genuinely use. If you take two or three overseas trips a year, Priority Pass lounge access and travel insurance can easily exceed a platinum fee; if you rarely fly, that same fee is dead weight. Read insurance terms carefully — “automatically attached” cover applies just by holding the card, while “use-conditional” cover only applies when you paid for the trip with that card, and the limits and conditions differ by issuer.\nThe disciplined test: list the perks you will actually use, value them conservatively, subtract any spend-based fee waiver you will qualify for, and compare the remainder to the net fee. If the perks you need do not clear the fee, a no-fee card plus separately bought insurance is usually cheaper.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/credit-card-perks-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent"],"products":["product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:best-credit-cards-by-category","guide:airline-hotel-status-japan","guide:saison-gold-amex","guide:maximize-points-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-gold-nl","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC Card Gold (NL)","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/gold-numberless.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"epos-card-terms","publisher":"Marui / Epos","title":"Epos Card official site","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"saison-gold-amex","publisher":"Credit Saison","title":"Saison Card official site","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:airline-hotel-status-japan:en","entityId":"guide:airline-hotel-status-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Airline & hotel status in Japan: is it worth chasing?","plainText":"Elite status is earned mainly through flying or staying, not points, and pays off only for frequent travellers; for most residents, redeeming points and miles well matters far more than chasing status.\nHow elite status works with ANA, JAL and hotel programs, what it earns you, and when the effort pays off.\nStatus comes from flight/stay activity, not from spending points.\nANA and JAL tiers grant priority, lounges and bonus miles on paid travel.\nHotel status (e.g. Marriott Bonvoy) adds upgrades, late checkout and bonus points.\nChasing status you will not use (“status runs”) usually costs more than it returns.\nFor most residents, good redemptions beat status; revisit only if you fly a lot.\nHow status is earned and what it gives\nElite status in ANA Mileage Club and JAL Mileage Bank is earned through travel activity measured over a year — the more you fly on paid, qualifying fares, the higher the tier. Status is not something you buy with points; points and miles are the reward currency, while status is the recognition of flying volume. In return, higher tiers give priority check-in and boarding, lounge access, and bonus miles on paid flights. Hotel programs such as Marriott Bonvoy work the same way through nights stayed, granting upgrades, late checkout and earning bonuses.\nA few premium cards offer a shortcut to entry-level hotel status or lounge access as a perk, which is covered in the memberships and perks guide — but airline elite tiers are generally earned by flying, not by holding a card.\nWhen status is worth chasing\nStatus pays off when your normal travel already earns it. If you fly frequently for work or family, the priority, lounges and bonus miles are real value you get for trips you were taking anyway. The trap is the “status run” — buying trips you do not need purely to reach a tier — which almost always costs more than the perks return, the same overspending mistake that ruins points strategies.\nFor the majority of residents who travel occasionally, the better focus is redemption skill: spending everyday points at a clean ¥1, and transferring to miles only for the specific award flights where value exceeds ¥1 per point. Chase status only if a quick, honest calculation shows your existing travel already crosses the threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/airline-hotel-status-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","faq:rewards-mile-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-vs-jal","guide:hotel-travel-rewards","guide:credit-card-perks-japan","guide:redeem-points-for-travel"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-mileage","publisher":"All Nippon Airways","title":"ANA Mileage Club","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jal-mileage","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"JAL Mileage Bank","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"marriott-bonvoy","publisher":"Marriott International","title":"Marriott Bonvoy program terms","url":"https://www.marriott.com/loyalty.mi","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:maximize-points-japan:en","entityId":"guide:maximize-points-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to maximize your points in Japan","plainText":"Concentrate on one ecosystem that matches your bank, card and phone, legitimately stack a rewarding card with a code-payment app and a store point, and redeem where value is real — the compounding comes from consistency, not campaign chasing.\nA practical playbook: concentrate one ecosystem, stack card + code + store points legitimately, and redeem at real value — without overspending.\nConcentration beats collection: one strong ecosystem, not several weak ones.\nLegitimate stacking = pay with a rewarding card, via a code app, showing a store point.\nAutomate the base: default card, default wallet, default point app on every purchase.\nSpend limited-time points first; they expire before ordinary points.\nUse the reward calculators to compare cards on effective, not headline, rates.\nStep 1: concentrate one ecosystem\nThe single biggest lever is concentration. Pick the one ecosystem — Rakuten, PayPay, d POINT, or V Point — that already matches where you bank, which card you carry, and who provides your phone plan, then route as much ordinary spending through it as possible. Concentration keeps balances above expiry thresholds, pushes you up tiered programs like Rakuten SPU and PayPay Step, and means the points you earn are actually usable where you shop. Spreading thinly across several ecosystems does the opposite: small balances that expire and never reach a useful redemption.\nThis choice is covered in depth in the ecosystem selection guide; the maximizing playbook assumes you have made it.\nStep 2: stack legitimately and automate\nLegitimate stacking is not a loophole — it is using each layer once. Pay with a card that earns in your ecosystem, route the payment through a code-payment app (Rakuten Pay, PayPay, d払い, au PAY), and present the matching store point at the register. Done correctly this earns two or three rewards on a single purchase without any manipulation. The key is to automate the base so it happens on every transaction: set one default card, one default wallet, and one default point app, so maximizing requires no daily thought.\nUse the reward calculators to compare cards on their effective rate after caps and fees, not the advertised headline, and to check whether a fee-carrying card actually beats a no-fee one for your spending level.\nStep 3: redeem where value is real\nEarning is only half the job — value is realised at redemption. Spend limited-time points first because they expire soonest, ideally at the register for a clean ¥1. Reserve mile transfers for the specific award flights where value clearly exceeds ¥1 per point, and use ecosystem points at ¥1 for hotels, cash-like register spending, or point investing when that suits you. The through-line of every step is discipline: the strategy works because it rides spending you would do anyway, and it fails the moment you spend more to chase a reward.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/maximize-points-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-stacking","faq:rewards-beginner-program","faq:points-which-ecosystem"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:points-deals-and-campaigns","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten SPU (Super Point Up) program","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-step","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Step reward program","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-expiry","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d POINT earning, use and expiration","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:points-glossary:en","entityId":"guide:points-glossary","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Points & rewards glossary: key Japanese terms","plainText":"This glossary defines the recurring terms in Japanese rewards — ordinary vs limited-time points, base vs effective rate, ecosystem, stacking, tsumitate and mileage transfer — so the rest of the hub reads clearly.\nPlain-language definitions of the terms you meet across Japanese points programs — from limited-time points to SPU, tsumitate and touch payment.\nOrdinary points last longer; limited-time points expire fast — spend them first.\nBase rate is advertised; effective rate is what you keep after caps and fees.\n“Ecosystem” ties a bank, card, wallet and phone plan into one point currency.\nStacking layers card, code-payment and store points on one purchase, legitimately.\nTsumitate is card-funded monthly investing that can also earn points.\nPoint types and value\nOrdinary points (通常ポイント) are the standard balance, usually valid one to two years and redeemable across an ecosystem at roughly ¥1 each. Limited-time points (期間限定ポイント) are campaign points that expire within weeks to months and sometimes redeem only in narrow services — always spend these first. Base rate is the advertised earn (often 1% on cards), while effective rate is what you actually keep after caps, rounding, exclusions, fees and realistic redemption. Devaluation is when a program quietly lowers the value or raises the price of a redemption over time, which is why hoarding points is risky.\nEcosystems, stacking and payments\nAn ecosystem (経済圏) is a linked group of a bank, card, wallet, shopping site and phone plan that share one point currency — Rakuten, PayPay, d POINT and V Point are the big four. Stacking (二重取り・三重取り) means legitimately earning two or three rewards on one purchase by paying with a rewarding card, through a code-payment app, while presenting a store point. SPU (Super Point Up) is Rakuten’s tiered program that raises your rate as you use more services; PayPay Step is the equivalent for PayPay. Touch payment (タッチ決済) is contactless card or smartphone payment, and eligibility rules often distinguish smartphone contactless from physical-card touch and from iD/QUICPay.\nTravel and investment terms\nMiles (マイル) are airline loyalty currency in ANA Mileage Club or JAL Mileage Bank; a mile transfer converts ecosystem points into miles at a set ratio, and value per mile varies widely by redemption. An award flight (特典航空券) is a seat booked with miles rather than cash. Tsumitate (積立) is monthly accumulation investing; card-funded tsumitate lets a credit card pay for monthly fund purchases and earn points on that spend. Furusato nozei (ふるさと納税) is the hometown-tax donation scheme that returns goods and, on ecosystem platforms, points, while offsetting resident and income tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/points-glossary","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-limited-time","faq:rewards-stacking","faq:points-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-points-are-earned","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:maximize-points-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten SPU (Super Point Up) program","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-expiry","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d POINT earning, use and expiration","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-international-transfers-work:en","entityId":"guide:how-international-transfers-work","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How international money transfers work","plainText":"An international transfer is a chain of steps — funding, currency conversion, payment messaging, compliance checks, correspondent processing, and beneficiary payout — and a low fee at one link does not guarantee a low total cost.\nThe chain behind a cross-border payment — funding, conversion, messaging, correspondent banks, and payout — and why a low headline fee is not the same as a low total cost.\nA transfer is not one product: it is funding, conversion, messaging, settlement, compliance, intermediary processing, and final payout.\nA bank wire converts your yen at the bank’s customer rate, sends a SWIFT message, and settles through correspondent banks that may each deduct a fee.\nA remittance platform often collects yen locally in Japan and pays out locally abroad, avoiding some correspondent deductions.\nThe honest comparison unit is the recipient amount for the same total you are debited — not the advertised transfer fee.\nA transfer is a chain, not a single fee\nInternational money movement is not one product. It is a chain of links: funding (getting your money to the provider), currency conversion, payment messaging, compliance and sanctions checks, intermediary processing, beneficiary-bank processing, and final credit or cash payout. Each link can add time and cost.\nBecause the cost is spread across the chain, a low headline fee at one link — “¥0 transfer fee” — does not guarantee a low total. A provider can advertise a free transfer and still be more expensive than one charging ¥1,000 if it uses a worse exchange rate.\nHow a conventional bank wire flows\nA bank wire usually follows this sequence: you submit the beneficiary and purpose details; the bank screens the parties and the transaction; your yen is converted at the bank’s customer rate unless you supply foreign currency; a SWIFT payment message is sent; correspondent banks settle the payment between institutions that lack a direct relationship; the beneficiary bank runs its own checks; charges are deducted along the way; and the remaining amount is credited.\nEach correspondent bank in the middle can deduct a handling charge before the money reaches the beneficiary. Japan Post Bank, for example, discloses fixed correspondent deductions on qualifying USD and EUR receipts and warns that additional intermediary charges may also apply.\nHow a remittance platform is different\nA remittance-platform transfer often avoids the full retail SWIFT chain. It may collect your yen through Japan’s domestic banking network (centred on the Zengin system), internally match or hedge the currency need, and arrange a domestic payout in the destination country. This can reduce the number of correspondent deductions and let the app show you the recipient amount up front.\nThe platform still performs identity, sanctions, transaction-monitoring, and source-of-funds reviews. Speed estimates such as “minutes” assume normal funding, compliance, banking hours, and payout-agent availability — they are estimates, not guarantees.\nThe one comparison that is honest\nBecause cost hides across the chain, compare providers on the recipient amount for the same total sender debit, in the same currency, to the same destination and payout method, funded the same way, quoted at the same time. That single number captures the transfer fee, the exchange-rate margin, and predictable deductions together.\nUse the companion pages on transfer fees, exchange-rate markups, and comparing quotes to turn this into a repeatable worksheet before you send.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/how-international-transfers-work","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:transfer-fees-explained","guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:compare-transfer-quotes","guide:swift-transfers-explained"]},"sources":[{"id":"swift-about","publisher":"SWIFT","title":"About SWIFT","url":"https://www.swift.com/about-us","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"swift-gpi","publisher":"SWIFT","title":"SWIFT gpi cross-border tracking","url":"https://www.swift.com/our-solutions/swift-gpi","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"zengin-system","publisher":"Japanese Banks’ Payment Clearing Network","title":"Zengin domestic funds-transfer system","url":"https://www.zengin-net.jp/","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-jpbank-receive","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank receiving money from abroad","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"fsa-funds-transfer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Registered funds transfer service providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:transfer-fees-explained:en","entityId":"guide:transfer-fees-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"International transfer fees explained","plainText":"The total effective cost of a transfer is the transfer fee plus funding fee, FX loss, intermediary deductions, recipient-bank fee, withdrawal fee, and any return or investigation cost — not just the advertised fee.\nEvery charge that can eat into a cross-border payment — transfer fee, funding fee, lifting charge, intermediary and recipient fees, withdrawal and return costs — and how to add them into one total effective cost.\nThe advertised transfer fee is only one line; the exchange-rate margin is often the larger cost.\nA lifting charge applies when a bank handles a transfer without its normal currency conversion — for example a same-currency or JPY international wire.\nIntermediary (correspondent) banks and the recipient’s bank can deduct fees the sender’s provider cannot see in advance.\nTotal effective cost = transfer fee + funding fee + FX loss + intermediary deductions + recipient fee + withdrawal fee + return/investigation cost.\nThe charges you can meet\nTransfer fee: the provider’s separately displayed charge to initiate the transfer. It may be fixed, percentage-based, tiered, promotional, or partly folded into the exchange rate.\nFunding fee: an extra charge for how you pay — card funding in particular can add an acquiring cost or be treated as a cash advance, while bank-transfer funding is usually cheaper.\nLifting charge (外貨取扱手数料): a handling charge when a bank does not perform its normal currency conversion, such as a same-currency or JPY-denominated international transfer. Several Japanese banks list this as roughly 0.05% with a minimum around ¥2,500.\nIntermediary-bank fee: a correspondent bank in the middle can deduct a handling charge before the money arrives.\nRecipient-bank fee: the beneficiary’s bank may charge an incoming-wire, lifting, conversion, or credit fee that the sender’s provider cannot see.\nWithdrawal / payout fee: cash pickup, ATM withdrawal, or moving money out of a wallet can carry its own charge.\nReturn / investigation cost: if a transfer bounces, the refund can arrive net of fees and of any adverse exchange-rate movement.\nAdd them into one number\nTotal effective cost = transfer fee + funding fee + FX loss + intermediary deductions + recipient fee + withdrawal/ATM fee + return or investigation cost. Only this total lets you rank providers fairly.\nIn practice, separate the charges you can see (transfer fee, published FX margin) from the ones that are estimated (intermediary and recipient deductions). Show the known cost, then a range for the uncertain part, rather than pretending the uncertain deductions are zero.\nFixed fees hurt small transfers; FX margin hurts large ones\nOn a small transfer, fixed sending, correspondent, and recipient fees are a large percentage of the amount, so a specialist that avoids correspondent deductions usually wins. On a large transfer, the fixed fees become trivial and the exchange-rate margin dominates — so negotiating the FX rate or getting multiple same-time quotes saves more than shaving the transfer fee.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/transfer-fees-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-international-transfers-work","guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:intermediary-bank-fees","guide:our-sha-ben-fees"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-mizuho-remit","publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","title":"Mizuho overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-jpbank-receive","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank receiving money from abroad","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-prestia-fees","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"PRESTIA fee schedule","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/fees/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups:en","entityId":"guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Exchange rates and hidden FX markups","plainText":"The mid-market rate is the neutral midpoint of wholesale prices; banks and providers add a margin (a spread) to it, and you can measure that markup as |provider rate ÷ mid-market rate − 1| × 100.\nWhat the mid-market rate is, how TTS/TTB and spreads work at Japanese banks, and how to calculate a provider’s exchange-rate markup so the hidden cost stops being hidden.\nThe mid-market (interbank) rate is the midpoint between wholesale bid and offer — a benchmark, not a guaranteed retail rate.\nJapanese banks publish a TTS rate when you buy foreign currency with yen and a TTB rate when you sell it back; the gap from the mid-rate is a cost.\nMarkup % = |provider rate ÷ mid-market rate − 1| × 100, applied with a consistent rate orientation.\nA published margin such as ¥1 per USD is small on a small transfer but scales directly with the amount.\nMid-market rate: the benchmark\nThe mid-market rate is the midpoint between the wholesale market’s bid and offer prices. It is the fairest neutral benchmark for comparison, which is why rate sites and Wise quote it. It is not, however, a guaranteed executable retail rate.\nOfficial reference rates behave the same way. On 31 July 2026, the European Central Bank’s information-only reference rates implied roughly ¥160.235 per USD. The ECB stresses these are benchmarks, not transaction rates — useful for calculation, not for settlement.\nTTS, TTB, and the spread\nJapanese banks commonly publish a TTS rate (対顧客電信売相場) for customers buying foreign currency with yen, and a TTB rate (対顧客電信買相場) for customers selling foreign currency back to yen. The distance between the mid-market rate and the customer rate is an exchange-rate cost, and the TTS–TTB gap is the round-trip spread.\nBanks often state the margin per unit. SMBC, for example, publishes an indicated USD exchange margin of about ¥1 per dollar for its personal online foreign-remittance service, with different listed margins for other currencies such as around ¥1.40 per euro.\nCalculating the markup\nMarkup % = |provider rate ÷ mid-market rate − 1| × 100. Orient the rates consistently. When you compare JPY per foreign-currency unit, a higher JPY rate paid by the sender is worse; when you compare foreign currency received per JPY, a lower number is worse.\nWorked example: if the mid-rate is ¥160.235 per USD and your bank’s customer rate is ¥161.235 per USD (a ¥1 margin), the markup is |161.235 ÷ 160.235 − 1| × 100 ≈ 0.62%. On ¥300,000 that margin alone is about ¥1,870, before any fixed transfer fee.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:transfer-fees-explained","guide:mid-market-vs-bank-rate","guide:compare-transfer-quotes","guide:weekend-fx-markups"]},"sources":[{"id":"ecb-fx-rates","publisher":"European Central Bank","title":"Euro foreign-exchange reference rates","url":"https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-wise-pricing","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise transfer pricing","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mid-market-vs-bank-rate:en","entityId":"guide:mid-market-vs-bank-rate","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mid-market rate versus bank exchange rate","plainText":"Rate sites show the mid-market benchmark, while banks, cards, and cash counters add a margin — so the same currency pair looks different everywhere, and the gap is your cost.\nWhy Google, the ECB, Wise, banks, cards, cash counters, and merchants all show different exchange rates for the same currency pair — with worked yen examples.\nGoogle and the ECB display a benchmark (mid-market or reference) rate you generally cannot transact at.\nWise quotes the mid-market rate and charges a visible fee; banks fold a margin into a TTS/TTB customer rate.\nCash counters and airport kiosks carry the widest spreads; merchant DCC is usually the worst of all.\nTo compare, convert everything to “yen you part with for the recipient amount” at the same moment.\nWho shows which rate\nRate sites (Google, XE) and central-bank pages (the ECB reference table) show the mid-market or reference rate — a benchmark near the interbank midpoint that retail customers generally cannot execute at.\nWise quotes that mid-market rate and lists its fee separately, so the markup is visible. Traditional banks instead publish a TTS/TTB customer rate with the margin already inside it, so the fee looks small while the rate does the work. Cards apply the network rate plus an issuer foreign-transaction fee. Cash counters and airport kiosks post the widest buy/sell spreads. Merchant or ATM dynamic currency conversion (DCC) is usually the most expensive of all.\nA worked yen example\nSuppose the mid-rate is ¥160.235 per USD and you want to send USD 1,000. At the benchmark, that is ¥160,235. A bank customer rate of ¥161.235 (a ¥1 margin) makes the same USD 1,000 cost ¥161,235 — about ¥1,000 more from the rate alone, before the fixed transfer fee. A cash counter quoting ¥168 would cost ¥168,000.\nThe lesson is to convert every option into the yen you actually part with for the same recipient amount, at the same moment, and ignore which line is called “fee” versus “rate.”","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/mid-market-vs-bank-rate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:dynamic-currency-conversion","guide:best-overseas-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ecb-fx-rates","publisher":"European Central Bank","title":"Euro foreign-exchange reference rates","url":"https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-wise-pricing","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise transfer pricing","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"visa-dcc","publisher":"Visa","title":"Dynamic currency conversion guidance","url":"https://www.visa.co.jp/pay-with-visa/featured-technologies/dynamic-currency-conversion.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:swift-transfers-explained:en","entityId":"guide:swift-transfers-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SWIFT transfers explained for Japan","plainText":"SWIFT is a standardized messaging network banks use to instruct cross-border payments; it does not itself hold your account or set the rate, and money settles through correspondent banks that may each deduct a fee.\nWhat SWIFT messaging is, how correspondent banking and BIC codes work, why fees appear along the way, how gpi tracking helps, and when a SWIFT wire is genuinely necessary.\nSWIFT carries payment messages between institutions; it does not move or hold the money itself.\nThe beneficiary bank is identified by a BIC/SWIFT code, and the payment may pass through correspondent banks.\nSWIFT connects more than 11,500 institutions across 200+ countries; its gpi service can improve institution-to-institution tracking.\nA SWIFT wire is worth its cost when the beneficiary insists on a wire, the amount is large, or formal banking documentation is required.\nWhat SWIFT is (and is not)\nSWIFT provides standardized financial messaging between institutions. It tells the receiving side who is paying, who is being paid, how much, in what currency, and why. It does not hold your bank account and does not automatically set the exchange rate — your own bank converts the currency at its customer rate unless you supply foreign currency.\nSWIFT reports a network connecting more than 11,500 institutions across more than 220 countries and territories. Banks worldwide are migrating these messages to the richer ISO 20022 format, which is why some Japanese banks have changed beneficiary-registration requirements.\nCorrespondent banks and BIC codes\nWhen the sending and receiving banks lack a direct settlement relationship, one or more correspondent banks hold accounts for each other and pass the funds onward. Each extra institution introduces possible fees, cut-off times, sanctions checks, reconciliation delays, and return risk.\nTo send, you need the beneficiary bank’s BIC/SWIFT code plus the account identifier the destination country uses (IBAN, routing/ABA number, sort code, BSB, IFSC, or a domestic account number and branch code). The recipient name must match the bank record exactly.\nWhen SWIFT is worth it\nPrefer a SWIFT wire when the beneficiary insists on a wire, when the currency or institution has no local payout route, when the amount is large, or when formal banking documentation (a bank-issued proof of remittance) is required — for example brokerage deposits, escrow, tax payments, or property. For smaller everyday transfers, a remittance platform that collects and pays locally usually costs less and shows the recipient amount up front.\nAsk your bank for the transfer reference so you can trace the payment; gpi tracking may be available at the institutional level.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/swift-transfers-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-international-transfers-work","guide:intermediary-bank-fees","guide:our-sha-ben-fees","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},"sources":[{"id":"swift-about","publisher":"SWIFT","title":"About SWIFT","url":"https://www.swift.com/about-us","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"swift-gpi","publisher":"SWIFT","title":"SWIFT gpi cross-border tracking","url":"https://www.swift.com/our-solutions/swift-gpi","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-jpbank-receive","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank receiving money from abroad","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:intermediary-bank-fees:en","entityId":"guide:intermediary-bank-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Correspondent and intermediary bank fees","plainText":"Correspondent banks in the middle of a SWIFT wire can each deduct a handling fee before the money reaches the beneficiary, and because the sender’s bank does not control the route, the exact deductions are hard to predict.\nWhy intermediary banks deduct fees, how routing decides who is in the chain, why the deductions are hard to predict, and practical ways to reduce the uncertainty.\nA payment may pass through one or more correspondent banks, each of which can charge a handling fee.\nThe sender’s bank does not fully control which correspondents are used, so the deduction is often an estimate.\nJapan Post Bank discloses fixed correspondent deductions on qualifying USD ($10) and EUR (€5) receipts and warns more may apply.\nYou can reduce uncertainty with a sender-pays instruction, a local-payout platform, or confirming the recipient bank’s incoming fees.\nWhy the fee is deducted\nWhen your bank and the beneficiary’s bank have no direct relationship, the payment is settled through correspondent banks that hold accounts for one another. Each correspondent performs work — screening, reconciliation, onward messaging — and can charge for it, deducting the fee from the transfer before passing it on.\nBecause the route depends on the currency, the banks involved, and their existing relationships, the sender’s bank often cannot tell you in advance exactly how many correspondents will touch the payment or what each will take. That is why a wire can arrive a little short even when everything is correct.\nReducing the uncertainty\nSome banks disclose fixed correspondent deductions. Japan Post Bank, for example, states $10 on qualifying USD receipts and €5 on qualifying EUR receipts, while warning that additional intermediary charges may still be deducted.\nPractical steps: choose a sender-pays fee instruction where the invoice must arrive in full (understanding it is not an absolute guarantee); use a local-payout remittance platform that avoids the retail SWIFT chain when the corridor allows; ask the recipient’s bank about its incoming-wire fee; and, for an important payment, send a small test first and confirm the exact amount credited before sending the balance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/intermediary-bank-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:swift-transfers-explained","guide:our-sha-ben-fees","guide:transfer-fees-explained"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-jpbank-receive","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank receiving money from abroad","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-mizuho-remit","publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","title":"Mizuho overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:our-sha-ben-fees:en","entityId":"guide:our-sha-ben-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"OUR, SHA, and BEN transfer fee instructions","plainText":"OUR means the sender pays all charges, SHA means charges are shared, and BEN means the beneficiary pays — but even “OUR” may not guarantee the exact invoiced amount arrives, because downstream banks can still deduct.\nWhat each fee instruction means, who pays, why choosing “OUR” does not always guarantee the full invoice arrives, and what this means for paying invoices and tuition.\nOUR: sender pays all charges; SHA: shared; BEN: beneficiary pays, usually via deductions from the amount.\nSHA is the common default and typically results in downstream fees being taken from the transfer.\nMUFG, SMBC, Mizuho, PRESTIA, Rakuten Bank, SBI Remit, and Japan Post Bank all warn some intermediary or beneficiary charge is possible.\nFor invoices and tuition that must arrive in full, choose a sender-pays instruction, but confirm the received amount rather than assuming.\nWhat each instruction means\nThese three codes tell the banks who should bear the transfer charges. OUR: the sender (ordering customer) pays all charges, including, in principle, downstream ones. SHA: the sender pays their own bank’s charges and the beneficiary bears the rest — the common default. BEN: the beneficiary bears all transfer charges, normally through deductions from the amount received.\nNot every channel offers a choice. MUFG Direct, for example, supports recipient-paid fees only online, while a branch or Web Support Plus request can add a sender-paid correspondent option for an extra fee. PRESTIA lists a “pay in full” correspondent instruction for a fixed charge, and still notes intermediaries can charge.\nWhy OUR is not an absolute guarantee\nChoosing OUR improves the odds that the full invoiced amount arrives, but it is not a cast-iron guarantee. Several Japanese banks expressly warn that unexpected downstream fees can still be deducted even when the sender elected to pay charges, because a correspondent outside the sending bank’s control may take a fee anyway.\nFor an invoice, tuition bill, or property payment that must be received in full, use the sender-pays instruction, then confirm the exact amount credited — ideally with a small test payment first — before assuming the balance will land intact.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/our-sha-ben-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:intermediary-bank-fees","guide:swift-transfers-explained","guide:transfer-fees-explained","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-mufg-remit","publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","title":"MUFG overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/tsukau/kaigai/okuru/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-mizuho-remit","publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","title":"Mizuho overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-prestia-fees","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"PRESTIA fee schedule","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/fees/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:transfer-times-and-delays:en","entityId":"guide:transfer-times-and-delays","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"International transfer times and delays","plainText":"Quoted delivery times are estimates under normal conditions; weekends, holidays, cut-off times, compliance review, intermediary banks, and the recipient bank’s own processing can all extend them.\nWhy an “estimated” arrival is not a guarantee — weekends, bank holidays, cut-off times, compliance reviews, intermediaries, and recipient-bank processing all move the real delivery date.\n“Instant” or “minutes” means an estimate under normal funding, review, banking, and payout conditions — not a guarantee.\nRequests can be accepted on weekends and holidays, but settlement and recipient-bank credit often wait for business days.\nA “pending review” status usually means the provider needs identity, purpose, source, recipient, or sanctions information.\nBank branch execution can take a few business days; beneficiary registration during the ISO 20022 transition can add one to two weeks.\nWhat actually adds time\nA provider’s time estimate can include receiving your funding, completing compliance review, converting currency, releasing the payment, passing intermediary banks, and obtaining beneficiary-bank credit. Any of these can stretch: weekends and public holidays in either country, daily cut-off times, incorrect or mismatched recipient details, a recipient-bank review, or extra sanctions/AML checks on an unusual amount or destination.\nFor bank wires, branch execution may take about three business days, and during the industry’s ISO 20022 migration, registering a new beneficiary at some Japanese banks can take one to two weeks before the first transfer can go out.\nWhat to do about it\nStart large or time-critical transfers early — weeks ahead where beneficiary registration, source-of-funds review, bank holidays, or a property closing date are involved. Fund before the cut-off, double-check the recipient name and account against the bank record, and keep your contact details current so a review does not stall for want of a reply.\nAsk for the transfer reference so you can trace it, and treat the app tracker or SWIFT/gpi status as the source of truth rather than the original estimate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/transfer-times-and-delays","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-international-transfers-work","guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen","guide:large-transfers-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"swift-gpi","publisher":"SWIFT","title":"SWIFT gpi cross-border tracking","url":"https://www.swift.com/our-solutions/swift-gpi","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-mufg-remit","publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","title":"MUFG overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/tsukau/kaigai/okuru/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:transfer-limits-japan:en","entityId":"guide:transfer-limits-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"International transfer limits in Japan","plainText":"Japan’s Type II funds-transfer model generally caps a transaction at ¥1 million; Type I services and banks support larger transfers with enhanced controls, and providers can also impose lower annual, monthly, or customer-specific limits.\nHow Type I and Type II funds-transfer providers, the ¥1 million threshold, bank caps, and customer-specific limits interact — and what to use when you need to send more.\nType II funds transfers are generally limited to ¥1 million per transaction; Type I supports larger amounts with more controls.\nWise supports qualifying Japan-based Type I transfers up to ¥150 million; Kyodai’s published Type I maximum is ¥10 million subject to review.\nBanks set their own caps — Japan Post Bank, for example, is under ¥1 million per transaction, ¥2 million per day, ¥5 million per month.\nSplitting a large transfer into smaller ones to dodge a limit can itself look suspicious and be aggregated.\nType I and Type II, and the ¥1 million line\nNonbank remittance in Japan runs under a registered funds-transfer model. Type II transactions are generally limited to no more than ¥1 million each. Type I services support larger transfers but involve enhanced controls and review. Limits can be statutory, provider-wide, corridor-specific, customer-specific, rolling-period, or imposed after a risk review.\nConcrete published examples: Wise supports qualifying Japan-based Type I transfers up to ¥150 million; Kyodai lists a Type I maximum of ¥10 million including fees, subject to purpose and review. DCOM lists up to ¥1 million per transaction, ¥2 million per month, and ¥3.5 million per year, and Smiles publishes rolling controls such as ¥5 million in the latest 365 days.\nBank caps and sending more\nBanks set their own per-transaction, daily, and monthly caps. Japan Post Bank’s browser service, for example, is under ¥1 million per transaction, ¥2 million per day, and ¥5 million per month. To send substantially more, use a bank branch or a Type I provider, and prepare source-of-funds and purpose documentation in advance — large transactions routinely trigger enhanced review, and a bank may offer a negotiated (market-linked) exchange rate above a threshold.\nNever break one large payment into several smaller ones to slip under a limit. Providers can aggregate related transactions, and structuring to evade controls is itself a red flag that can freeze the account.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/transfer-limits-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:large-transfers-from-japan","guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose","guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-wise-limits","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise sending and holding limits","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-jpbank-remit","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank international remittance","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-kyodai","publisher":"Unidos Co., Ltd.","title":"Kyodai Remittance","url":"https://www.kyodai-remittance.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-dcom","publisher":"D.Communications Co., Ltd.","title":"DCOM Money Express remittance","url":"https://www.dcom-money.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"fsa-funds-transfer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Registered funds transfer service providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose:en","entityId":"guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Source of funds and purpose of a transfer","plainText":"Source of funds is where the money came from (salary, savings, a sale, inheritance, a loan, business revenue); the purpose is what it is for, and a clear, documented answer keeps a transfer moving.\nWhat “source of funds” and “purpose of transfer” mean, which documents prove salary, savings, inheritance, sale proceeds, or business income, and why a vague purpose invites questions.\nSource of funds is the immediate origin of the money; source of wealth is the broader story of how you accumulated assets.\nTypical evidence: payslips and contracts for salary, historic statements for savings, sale or probate documents for one-off sums, invoices for business income.\nThe purpose declaration (tuition, family support, salary, investment, property, goods) should match the amount and pattern.\nVague labels such as “personal” invite follow-up questions when the amount or frequency is unusual.\nWhat providers ask and why\nUnder anti-money-laundering rules, a provider may ask where the money came from and what it is for. Source of funds is the immediate origin — salary, savings, business revenue, an asset sale, inheritance, a loan, an investment liquidation, a pension, or a gift. Source of wealth is the broader explanation of how you built your overall assets. The purpose declaration identifies the economic reason: tuition, family support, living expenses, salary, investment, purchase of goods, property acquisition, or loan repayment.\nThese questions are not an accusation. They let the provider check that the amount, funding source, purpose, and pattern are plausible for you, which is exactly what keeps a legitimate transfer from stalling.\nDocuments that prove it\nSalary: employment contract, payslips, tax withholding record, tax return, and matching bank credits. Savings: historic statements, salary records, investment redemptions, and a clear accumulation trail without unexplained gaps. One-off sums: a sale agreement, settlement statement, or probate/inheritance documents. Business income: invoices, contracts, service descriptions, and platform statements. Revolut’s published guidance, for instance, lists invoices and freelance contracts among acceptable evidence.\nKeep these ready before a large or unusual transfer. Providing them promptly is the fastest way to clear a “pending review,” and having a consistent name across your account, residence card, and beneficiary record avoids a separate class of hold-ups.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/source-of-funds-and-purpose","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen","guide:transfer-limits-japan","guide:large-transfers-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-remit-guidance","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Advice on overseas remittance and registered providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-revolut-legal","publisher":"Revolut","title":"Revolut Japan personal terms","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/terms/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-funds-transfer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Registered funds transfer service providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:currency-risk-when-to-convert:en","entityId":"guide:currency-risk-when-to-convert","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Currency risk and when to convert money","plainText":"A foreign-currency balance can gain or lose yen value while you hold it, so match the currency of your future income and expenses where you can, and convert on a plan rather than trying to time the market.\nHow holding a foreign-currency balance exposes you to timing risk, why matching income and expenses reduces unnecessary conversion, and how to avoid turning a payment need into speculation.\nHolding foreign currency is a market position: it can gain or lose yen value before you use it.\nMatching the currency of income and expenses reduces round-trip conversion and its spreads.\nRegular, rule-based conversion (or converting when the need arises) beats trying to predict the rate.\nA payment need is not a reason to speculate; separate “I must pay X” from “I hope the rate moves.”\nWhat currency risk actually is\nWhen you hold a balance in USD, EUR, or another currency, its value in yen moves with the market. That is fine if you will spend it in that currency — a USD balance you will use for USD bills carries little practical risk. It becomes a risk when you are effectively betting: holding foreign currency you will ultimately need in yen, hoping the rate improves.\nA foreign-currency bank deposit can reduce repeated conversions when your income and expenses are in the same currency, but you remain exposed to fluctuations and usually pay a spread entering and exiting the position.\nConverting on a plan, not a hunch\nFor recurring needs — sending family support, paying tuition each term — a regular conversion schedule averages out the rate and removes the temptation to wait. For a one-off large need, convert when the requirement is real rather than holding a speculative position, and if timing genuinely matters, get same-time quotes and, for large amounts, ask the bank about a negotiated rate.\nAvoid the trap of turning a payment into a trade. If you would not deliberately buy that currency as an investment, do not hold it “for a better rate” when you actually need to pay a bill.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/currency-risk-when-to-convert","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:weekend-fx-markups","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts"]},"sources":[{"id":"ecb-fx-rates","publisher":"European Central Bank","title":"Euro foreign-exchange reference rates","url":"https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-sony-guide","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank overseas remittance guide","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/guide/fct_transfer/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:weekend-fx-markups:en","entityId":"guide:weekend-fx-markups","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Weekend exchange-rate markups","plainText":"When markets are closed, providers price the risk differently: Wise generally uses the last available Friday market rate with no separate weekend surcharge, while Revolut Japan’s Standard plan adds 1% outside its defined market hours.\nWhy some providers add a charge when currency markets are closed, how Wise and Revolut treat weekends differently, and how to time a conversion to avoid the surcharge.\nForeign-exchange markets effectively close over the weekend, and providers handle the gap differently.\nWise states it normally uses the last available Friday market rate and does not describe a separate weekend surcharge.\nRevolut Japan Standard adds 1% on fiat exchanges outside its market hours, on top of any high-frequency charge.\nCard purchases abroad on a weekend can also carry the out-of-hours markup — timing a conversion for weekday market hours avoids it.\nWhy a weekend charge exists\nWholesale currency markets are largely closed from Friday evening to Monday morning. A provider that guarantees you a rate over the weekend is taking on the risk that the market reopens at a different level, and different providers price that risk in different ways.\nWise states that weekend transfers normally use the last available Friday market rate and does not describe a separate weekend surcharge. Revolut Japan’s Standard schedule instead adds 1% to fiat exchanges outside its defined foreign-exchange market hours, on top of any high-frequency exchange charge that may already apply.\nTiming to avoid it\nIf your conversion is not urgent, execute it during weekday market hours to sidestep an out-of-hours markup. This applies to app conversions and, on some cards, to purchases made abroad over the weekend — the same out-of-hours rule can apply at the point of sale.\nCheck your specific provider and plan: allowances, market-hour definitions, and high-frequency thresholds vary, and a plan that is free within an allowance can start charging once you exceed it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/weekend-fx-markups","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:revolut-japan-review","guide:wise-japan-review"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-wise-pricing","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise transfer pricing","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"remit-revolut-fees","publisher":"Revolut","title":"Revolut Japan standard fees","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/standard-fees/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compare-transfer-quotes:en","entityId":"guide:compare-transfer-quotes","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to compare international transfer quotes","plainText":"Get quotes from every provider at the same moment for the same total sender debit, currency, destination, funding, and payout method, then compare the recipient amount — the effective rate — not the advertised fee.\nA repeatable, same-time methodology for comparing providers on the recipient amount for an identical total sender debit — the only fair way to find the cheapest route for your transfer.\nThe correct comparison unit is recipient money per total sender debit — the effective rate.\nStandardize the quote time, sender debit, currencies, destination, funding, fee instruction, delivery method, and speed tier.\nEffective rate = recipient amount ÷ total sender debit; total effective cost is the gap from the mid-market benchmark.\nExclude first-transfer promotions from the standard comparison, or show them separately.\nStandardize before you compare\nProviders do not publish one universal all-in rate, so a fair comparison needs identical inputs. Hold these constant across every quote: the quote time (the same minute or a tight window), the total sender debit (the same amount including all sender-paid charges), the source and delivery currencies, the destination country and recipient bank or payout method, the funding method (bank transfer, debit, credit, or cash), the fee instruction (OUR/SHA/BEN where offered), the delivery method (bank account, wallet, or cash pickup), and the speed tier.\nExclude first-transfer promotions from the standard comparison, or record them on a separate line — they distort a like-for-like read of ongoing cost.\nThe four numbers that matter\nEffective rate = recipient amount ÷ total sender debit. Benchmark recipient amount = total sender debit × mid-market foreign currency per JPY. Total effective cost in JPY = (benchmark recipient − actual recipient) ÷ mid-market foreign currency per JPY. Total effective cost % = total effective cost in JPY ÷ total sender debit × 100.\nA quick illustration using a benchmark of ¥160.235 per USD: on a ¥300,000 debit the benchmark recipient is about USD 1,872. If Provider A delivers USD 1,859 and Provider B delivers USD 1,823, A’s effective cost is roughly ¥1,100 (0.37%) and B’s roughly ¥7,800 (2.6%) — even if B advertised a lower fee. These figures are calculator demonstrations, not live quotes.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/compare-transfer-quotes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:transfer-fees-explained","guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","guide:how-international-transfers-work"]},"sources":[{"id":"ecb-fx-rates","publisher":"European Central Bank","title":"Euro foreign-exchange reference rates","url":"https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-wise-pricing","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise transfer pricing","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:dynamic-currency-conversion:en","entityId":"guide:dynamic-currency-conversion","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Dynamic currency conversion (DCC) explained","plainText":"DCC is when a foreign merchant or ATM offers to convert the transaction into yen using their rate instead of your card issuer’s — and it usually costs more, so choose the local currency and decline conversion.\nWhat DCC is at merchants and ATMs, why paying in your home currency abroad usually costs more, and the simple rule — choose local currency — that saves money almost every time.\nDCC converts your purchase into your home currency at the merchant’s or ATM operator’s rate, not the card network’s.\nVisa Japan and Mastercard describe DCC as an optional choice; declining applies the card company’s normal local-currency process.\nDCC markups are merchant-specific and can be steep — an illustrative 6% is used only as a warning example.\nThe default cost-control rule: always choose the local currency at the point of sale and at the ATM.\nWhat DCC is\nDynamic currency conversion occurs when a foreign merchant terminal or ATM offers to bill you in yen instead of the local currency. The conversion is then performed using the merchant’s or ATM operator’s rate rather than your card issuer’s normal process — and that rate typically includes a markup that benefits the merchant, not you.\nVisa’s Japan guidance instructs ATM users that declining conversion applies the card company’s rate in local currency, while accepting can produce a higher yen amount. Mastercard likewise describes DCC as an optional choice between local currency and the cardholder’s billing currency.\nThe rule and the catch\nAlways choose the local currency and decline conversion. That lets your card network and issuer convert the transaction, which is usually cheaper — even after the issuer’s own foreign-transaction fee. Declining DCC does not remove that issuer fee, but it removes the extra merchant/ATM markup on top of it.\nThe catch is that DCC is often pre-selected or worded to sound helpful (“pay in your own currency”). Look for the screen showing both a yen amount and a local-currency amount, and pick the local one. On an overseas card page, our overseas-cards guide shows how issuer fees compare so you know what “local currency” actually costs.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/dynamic-currency-conversion","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:best-overseas-cards","guide:mid-market-vs-bank-rate","guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups"]},"sources":[{"id":"visa-dcc","publisher":"Visa","title":"Dynamic currency conversion guidance","url":"https://www.visa.co.jp/pay-with-visa/featured-technologies/dynamic-currency-conversion.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mastercard-dcc","publisher":"Mastercard","title":"Dynamic currency conversion explained","url":"https://www.mastercard.us/en-us/personal/get-support/dynamic-currency-conversion.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"card-sony-wallet","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank WALLET overseas use and fees","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/visa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"card-epos-overseas","publisher":"EPOS Card","title":"EPOS card overseas usage","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/en/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:wise-japan-review:en","entityId":"guide:wise-japan-review","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Wise Japan: review and guide","plainText":"Wise is a Japan-registered Type I and Type II funds-transfer provider that shows the mid-market rate with a transparent fee, holds 40+ currencies, and supports qualifying large transfers up to ¥150 million — subject to verification and a ¥1 million default holding limit for Japan addresses.\nWise’s Japan licensing, sending and holding limits, receiving details, card, and personal-versus-business use — with the verification and large-transfer facts you need before relying on it.\nRegulated as Wise Payments Japan K.K., a Japan Type I and Type II funds-transfer provider (registration 00040).\nBalance-funded sending up to ¥1m; qualifying Type I large transfers up to ¥150m, subject to review.\nDefault total holding limit for Japan addresses is ¥1m; a temporary custom limit up to ¥20m can be set for up to six months.\nTransparent fee varies by corridor and funding; bank funding is normally cheaper than card funding.\nWhat Wise does and who can use it\nWise lets you send and receive eligible currencies, hold more than 40 currencies, convert at the mid-market rate, and spend with a debit card. Local receiving details (so someone can pay you as if domestically) depend on your customer and currency eligibility. It offers both personal and business accounts, and business or freelance income should go through the account type whose terms permit it.\nVerification is required — identity and, when requested, source-of-funds or business documents. Wise is registered as Wise Payments Japan K.K., a Japan Type I and Type II funds-transfer provider (registration 00040); it is not a bank, so balances are protected by safeguarding arrangements rather than deposit insurance.\nLimits, holding, and cost\nBalance-funded sending is generally up to ¥1 million, while qualifying Type I large transfers can go up to ¥150 million, subject to review. The default total holding limit for a Japan address is ¥1 million; you can request a temporary custom limit of up to ¥20 million for up to six months, which is useful when you need to receive and hold a larger amount briefly.\nThe fee is a transparent fixed/percentage charge that varies by corridor, amount, and funding method, applied to a mid-market rate. Bank-transfer funding is normally preferable to card funding, and same-currency internal transfers between Wise users may be free. Large transactions can trigger a source-of-funds review, so prepare documents in advance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/wise-japan-review","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise","product:wise-business"],"guides":["guide:revolut-japan-review","guide:wise-vs-revolut","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:transfer-limits-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-wise-japan","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise in Japan","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/7kL1cM6NQ2LQPMs3kV2X5j/wise-in-japan","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"remit-wise-pricing","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise transfer pricing","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"imny-wise-limits","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise sending and holding limits","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"fsa-funds-transfer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Registered funds transfer service providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:revolut-japan-review:en","entityId":"guide:revolut-japan-review","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Revolut Japan: review and guide","plainText":"Revolut Japan is a registered Type II funds-transfer provider with a strong multi-currency app and card; Standard customers pay no listed exchange fee during market hours within allowances, but 1% applies outside market hours and high-frequency use can add 0.5%.\nRevolut Japan’s FX allowances, weekend and out-of-hours charges, transfers, card spending, and the plan details that decide whether it is cheap for you.\nJapan service operates as a registered Type II funds-transfer provider (registration identified as 00060).\nStandard regular customers have no listed exchange fee during market hours; high-frequency Standard use can incur 0.5%.\nAll fiat exchanges outside market hours incur an additional 1% — plan a conversion for weekday market hours.\nSome SWIFT routes have no Revolut transfer fee but can incur intermediary fees; eligible “pay all fees” routes list ¥4,200.\nThe app, card, and where it shines\nRevolut offers multi-currency conversion, a wallet, card spending with strong controls, and domestic and international transfers; receiving and transfer features depend on the account and route. Its strengths are travel, subscriptions, and moderate multi-currency use, backed by an English app and help centre.\nThe Japan service operates as a registered Type II funds-transfer provider (registration identified as 00060 in official legal materials). It is not presented as an ordinary bank deposit, so check the Japan legal and safeguarding disclosures for how your balance is protected.\nThe fees that decide cost\nFor Standard regular customers there is no listed exchange fee during market hours, subject to monthly allowances. Exceeding the allowance with high-frequency Standard usage can incur 0.5%, and all fiat exchanges outside defined market hours incur an additional 1%. Some SWIFT routes carry no Revolut transfer fee but can still attract intermediary fees, while eligible “pay all fees” routes list ¥4,200.\nBecause allowances and plan tiers change what you actually pay, check the app’s displayed transfer and exchange allowances before a conversion, and time non-urgent exchanges for weekday market hours. Source-of-funds documentation may be requested on larger or unusual activity.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/revolut-japan-review","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:wise-japan-review","guide:wise-vs-revolut","guide:weekend-fx-markups","guide:best-overseas-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-revolut-fees","publisher":"Revolut","title":"Revolut Japan standard fees","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/standard-fees/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"remit-revolut-legal","publisher":"Revolut","title":"Revolut Japan personal terms","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/terms/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-funds-transfer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Registered funds transfer service providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sbi-remit-review:en","entityId":"guide:sbi-remit-review","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SBI Remit: review and guide","plainText":"SBI Remit is a Japan-registered remittance provider offering bank deposit, cash pickup, and MoneyGram-network payout with fees from around ¥460 — strong for family remittances and Southeast Asian corridors, generally capped near ¥1 million per transfer and ¥5 million per year.\nSBI Remit’s bank-deposit, cash-pickup, and MoneyGram reach, its per-transfer and annual limits, and why it is a common starting point for family remittances to Asia.\nBank deposit, cash pickup, and partner-network payout including MoneyGram reach; advertises service to about 200 countries/territories.\nGenerally up to the lower of US$10,000 equivalent and ¥1m per transfer; generally ¥5m per calendar year.\nFees start from around ¥460, but the destination-specific fee and FX quote control the real cost.\nSome corridors can arrive in minutes, but delivery depends on compliance, banking hours, and cash-agent availability.\nReach and payout methods\nSBI Remit is a Japan-registered remittance provider with bank deposit, cash pickup, and partner-network payout, including MoneyGram reach. It advertises service to about 200 countries and territories, though the available products differ by destination. It is a common first stop for family remittances and Southeast Asian corridors such as the Philippines.\nCustomer and purpose screening apply, and SHA-style routes can expose the recipient to downstream deductions — check whether the quote is for a bank deposit or a cash pickup, since the payout amount and rules differ.\nLimits and fees\nSending is generally capped at the lower of a US$10,000 equivalent and ¥1 million per transfer, with a general calendar-year limit around ¥5 million. Incoming remittance generally shares the same per-transfer cap but has no stated monthly or annual cap, subject to checks. Deposit methods include bank transfer and participating ATM/remit-card channels; some ATM funding methods carry separate limits or charges.\nFees start from around ¥460, but the true cost is the destination-specific fee plus the exchange margin, so compare the recipient amount for the exact payout method rather than the headline fee.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/sbi-remit-review","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:wise-vs-sbi-remit","guide:western-union-japan-review","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-sbi-remit","publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","title":"SBI Remit international money transfer","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"fsa-funds-transfer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Registered funds transfer service providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:western-union-japan-review:en","entityId":"guide:western-union-japan-review","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Western Union Japan: review and guide","plainText":"Western Union is best for emergency cash pickup and recipients without bank accounts, offering more than 200 countries with MTCN tracking — but its exchange-rate margin and fraud exposure make it a considered choice, not a default for routine transfers.\nWestern Union’s cash-pickup strength, online and agent transfer, MTCN tracking, exchange margins, and the fraud checks that matter most for emergency transfers.\nOnline, app-assisted, agent, bank-account, and cash-pickup options across more than 200 countries and territories.\nAdvertised fees start around ¥400 on selected routes, but Western Union states it earns money from currency exchange.\nMTCN tracking is available; cash availability, agent hours, and recipient ID are decisive for pickup.\nBest for emergencies and unbanked recipients — not usually the first choice for a large bank-to-bank transfer.\nWhere Western Union is strong\nWestern Union’s network reaches more than 200 countries and territories, with online, app-assisted, agent, bank-account, convenience-store funding, and cash-pickup options. Its real strength is emergency cash pickup and paying recipients who do not have a bank account. MTCN tracking lets you and the recipient follow the transfer.\nIdentity verification is mandatory, and limits are channel-, identity-, and destination-specific, with enhanced documentation for larger transfers.\nCost and fraud awareness\nAdvertised fees start around ¥400 on selected routes, but the exchange-rate margin can be material — Western Union expressly states that it earns money from currency exchange. Include that margin when comparing, and treat promotional fees separately from standard pricing.\nCash pickup is a common fraud vector. Verify any alleged emergency through a separate channel, send the minimum necessary, never disclose the pickup number publicly, ask for the recipient’s exact legal name and ID, and treat requests to send to an unrelated “agent” as likely fraud.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/western-union-japan-review","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:western-union-vs-apps","guide:sbi-remit-review","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud","guide:emergency-transfers-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-wu-price","publisher":"Western Union","title":"Western Union Japan transfer quote","url":"https://www.westernunion.com/jp/en/web/send-money/start","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"remit-wu-terms","publisher":"Western Union","title":"Western Union Japan terms","url":"https://www.westernunion.com/jp/en/terms-conditions.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mufg-international-transfers:en","entityId":"guide:mufg-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MUFG Bank international transfers","plainText":"MUFG offers online remittance via MUFG Direct to registered beneficiaries and branch/Web Support Plus service; online fees run ¥2,500–¥3,000, branch service is ¥7,000, and MUFG Direct supports recipient-paid fees only.\nMUFG’s online versus branch remittance channels, its published fees and correspondent options, ISO 20022 changes, and its English Web Support Plus service.\nMUFG Direct online supports personal transfers to registered beneficiaries; branch or Foreign Remittance Web Support Plus is also available.\nOnline: ¥2,500 to specified MUFG overseas branches/entities, ¥3,000 to other banks; branch/Web Support Plus ¥7,000 (handwritten +¥500).\nYen or same-currency foreign-deposit funding can incur 0.05% (minimum ¥2,500); a sender-paid correspondent option at a branch adds ¥3,000.\nMUFG Direct supports recipient-paid fees only; branch execution may take about three business days.\nChannels and fees\nMUFG offers online remittance through MUFG Direct to registered beneficiaries, plus branch service and an English-capable Foreign Remittance Web Support Plus. Online fees are ¥2,500 to specified MUFG overseas branches or entities and ¥3,000 to other banks. Branch or Web Support Plus service is ¥7,000, and a handwritten request adds ¥500.\nFunding from a yen or same-currency foreign-currency deposit can incur a 0.05% handling charge with a ¥2,500 minimum. A sender-paid correspondent option is available at a branch for an extra ¥3,000, but MUFG Direct supports recipient-paid fees only — so if you need to pay downstream charges yourself, you may need the branch route.\nAccess, English, and change notes\nEnglish Web Support Plus is available, but compliance follow-up and source documents may still be required. Incoming fees depend on the currency and conversion route; check the current schedule at receipt time, especially because MUFG announced 2026 revisions. MUFG is also migrating international messages to ISO 20022 formats, which can affect beneficiary data requirements.\nBranch execution may take about three business days, so start time-critical transfers early and register the beneficiary in advance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/mufg-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:smbc-international-transfers","guide:mizuho-international-transfers","guide:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-mufg-remit","publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","title":"MUFG overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/tsukau/kaigai/okuru/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mufg-transfer-fees","publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","title":"Transfer fees","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/tesuuryou/furikomi.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:smbc-international-transfers:en","entityId":"guide:smbc-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SMBC international transfers","plainText":"SMBC offers online remittance (after enrolment and beneficiary registration) and branch service; online fees are ¥3,000–¥3,500, with published FX margins around ¥1/USD and ¥1.40/EUR and a recall/amendment fee of ¥4,000.\nSMBC’s online remittance with advance enrolment, its seven sending currencies, published USD/EUR FX margins, My Number requirement, and beneficiary-registration timing.\nSMBC Direct online requires advance enrolment and beneficiary registration; branch service is also available.\nOnline: ¥3,000 to SMBC overseas entities, ¥3,500 to other overseas banks; sender-paid related-bank fee ¥2,500; lifting/JPY handling 0.05% (min ¥2,500).\nPublished FX margins include about ¥1/USD and ¥1.40/EUR; recall or amendment is ¥4,000.\nSeven sending currencies (six foreign plus JPY); My Number and identity uploads are required.\nSetup, currencies, and fees\nSMBC provides online remittance via SMBC Direct after advance enrolment and beneficiary registration, plus branch service. It supports seven sending currencies — six foreign currencies plus yen. Online fees are ¥3,000 to SMBC overseas entities and ¥3,500 to other overseas banks; a sender-paid related-bank fee is ¥2,500, and lifting or JPY handling is 0.05% with a ¥2,500 minimum.\nPublished FX margins include about ¥1 per USD and ¥1.40 per EUR, which are the real cost on a conversion. A recall or amendment costs ¥4,000. Incoming foreign-currency-to-yen receipts generally carry ¥1,500, and same-currency or yen receipt can also attract 0.05% (minimum ¥2,500) depending on the route.\nMy Number, registration, and timing\nMy Number and identity-document uploads are required. Beneficiary registration can take one to two weeks during the ISO 20022 transition, and pre-2024 beneficiary records may need re-registration from August 2026 — so plan ahead and re-check a saved recipient before a time-critical transfer.\nBecause setup and registration are front-loaded, SMBC suits residents who will send repeatedly to the same beneficiaries rather than a one-off urgent payment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/smbc-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-international-transfers","guide:mizuho-international-transfers","guide:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","guide:our-sha-ben-fees"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"smbc-transfer-fees","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"Transfer fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/fee/furikomi.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29"},{"id":"smbc-identity","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"Company profile","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/aboutus/profile/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mizuho-international-transfers:en","entityId":"guide:mizuho-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mizuho Bank international transfers","plainText":"Mizuho offers app-based remittance for eligible personal customers at ¥5,000 and branch service at ¥8,000–¥8,500; My Number is required, incoming transfers generally cost ¥2,500, and a recall is ¥5,500.\nMizuho’s app and branch remittance fees, beneficiary review, My Number requirement, incoming costs, and recall charges — and who the service fits.\nMizuho Direct app transfer is ¥5,000 for eligible personal customers; branch service is ¥8,000–¥8,500.\nSender-paid correspondent charge ¥2,500; amendment ¥4,500; recall ¥5,500.\nPersonal incoming charge is generally ¥2,500; conversion uses the bank’s applicable rate.\nMy Number must be registered; app enrolment and beneficiary review take several business days.\nFees and channels\nEligible personal customers can send through the Mizuho Direct app for ¥5,000. Branch service is ¥8,000 to Mizuho destinations and ¥8,500 to other banks. A sender-paid correspondent charge is ¥2,500, an amendment is ¥4,500, and a recall is ¥5,500. Personal incoming transfers generally cost ¥2,500, with conversion at the bank’s applicable rate.\nBusiness-purpose and ineligible-account restrictions apply, so confirm your account type is permitted before relying on the app channel.\nMy Number and setup time\nMy Number must be registered. App enrolment and beneficiary review take several business days, and the status is shown in the app. Because setup takes time and the fixed fee is high relative to small transfers, Mizuho fits existing customers making larger or recurring wires rather than small one-off payments.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/mizuho-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-international-transfers","guide:smbc-international-transfers","guide:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","guide:incoming-bank-fees"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-mizuho-remit","publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","title":"Mizuho overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mizuho-transfer-fees","publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","title":"Transfer fees","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/rate_fee/fee_furikomi.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29"},{"id":"mizuho-identity","publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","title":"Company profile","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/company/info/profile.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-post-bank-international-transfers:en","entityId":"guide:japan-post-bank-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan Post Bank international transfers","plainText":"Japan Post Bank offers browser-based outgoing remittance at ¥3,000 per transaction (under ¥1m each, ¥2m/day, ¥5m/month), but the outgoing interface is Japanese-only; incoming English instructions support only USD and EUR with disclosed correspondent deductions.\nJapan Post Bank’s Japanese-only outgoing web service, its per-transaction and monthly limits, My Number requirement, and the USD/EUR-only incoming instructions with disclosed correspondent deductions.\nBrowser-based Yucho International Remittance for individual customers; ¥3,000 per outgoing transaction.\nLimits: under ¥1m per transaction, ¥2m per day, ¥5m per month; My Number required.\nThe outgoing website is Japanese-only and some fields must be entered in Japanese.\nIncoming instructions support USD and EUR only (BIC JPPSJPJ2); disclosed correspondent deductions of $10 (USD) and €5 (EUR).\nOutgoing service and limits\nJapan Post Bank offers browser-based Yucho International Remittance for individual account holders, at ¥3,000 per transaction using the bank’s published rate at application. Intermediary and beneficiary fees may be deducted on top. Limits are under ¥1 million per transaction, ¥2 million per day, and ¥5 million per month, and My Number is required.\nThe important constraint is language: the outgoing website is Japanese-only, and some entries must be made in Japanese. Corporate transactions cannot be made through an individual account.\nReceiving money at Japan Post Bank\nIncoming English instructions support USD and EUR. Use BIC JPPSJPJ2, the correctly formatted account number, and the registered English account name and address — the account-symbol/number conversion must be exact. Japan Post Bank discloses fixed correspondent deductions of $10 on qualifying USD receipts and €5 on qualifying EUR receipts, and warns that additional intermediary charges may also be deducted.\nBecause the incoming currency set is limited, confirm the sender can pay in USD or EUR before directing a salary or pension here.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/japan-post-bank-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:japan-post-bank"],"guides":["guide:rakuten-vs-japan-post","guide:incoming-bank-fees","guide:receive-international-transfer"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-jpbank-remit","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank international remittance","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-jpbank-receive","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank receiving money from abroad","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:prestia-international-transfers:en","entityId":"guide:prestia-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA international transfers","plainText":"PRESTIA offers strong English-language remittance and foreign-currency banking; standard online transfers are ¥3,500 (¥2,000 with a qualifying ¥1m relationship balance, free for Gold tiers), but online transfers cannot be used for corporate accounts or business-purpose funds.\nPRESTIA’s English-language remittance, fee tiers linked to balance, MultiMoney foreign-currency accounts, GLOBAL PASS, and the business-purpose restriction on online transfers.\nOnline, phone, branch, or mail remittance for personal customers; beneficiary pre-registration required for remote channels.\nStandard online ¥3,500; ¥2,000 with a qualifying ¥1m relationship balance; free for Gold tiers; branch generally ¥7,000.\n“Pay in full” correspondent instruction ¥1,500, but intermediaries can still charge.\nStrong English support; MultiMoney foreign-currency accounts and GLOBAL PASS multi-currency debit; no online business-purpose transfers.\nEnglish service and fee tiers\nPRESTIA (SMBC Trust Bank) is a leading English-language option for personal customers, with online, phone, branch, and mail remittance; remote channels require beneficiary pre-registration. Standard online transfers are ¥3,500, dropping to ¥2,000 with a qualifying ¥1 million relationship balance and free for Gold tiers. Branch service is generally ¥7,000.\nA “pay in full” correspondent instruction is available for ¥1,500, but intermediaries can still charge, so it improves — not guarantees — full arrival. Incoming foreign-currency receipts can be retained in a supported MultiMoney currency, though correspondent charges may remain.\nForeign currency and cards\nPRESTIA’s strength is foreign-currency operations: MultiMoney accounts hold multiple currencies, and GLOBAL PASS is a multi-currency Visa debit that supports overseas purchases and ATM withdrawals. The Global Pass transaction fee is listed as free, though ATM-owner and exchange charges may apply.\nThe key restriction: online transfers cannot be used for corporate accounts or business-purpose funds. Freelancers and businesses should confirm the permitted channel before using PRESTIA for client payments.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/prestia-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:smbc-prestia"],"guides":["guide:sony-bank-international-transfers","guide:prestia-vs-sony-bank","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-prestia-fees","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"PRESTIA fee schedule","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/fees/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"remit-prestia-guide","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"PRESTIA overseas remittance guide","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/overseas_remittance/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"card-prestia-globalpass","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"PRESTIA GLOBAL PASS multi-currency debit","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/globalpass/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sony-bank-international-transfers:en","entityId":"guide:sony-bank-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sony Bank international transfers","plainText":"Sony Bank offers around-the-clock online foreign remittance at ¥3,000 (up to three free monthly at Club S Platinum) across eleven sending currencies, receives eligible foreign salary and pensions, and pairs with the Sony Bank WALLET that spends directly from ten foreign-currency balances.\nSony Bank’s online foreign remittance, eleven sending currencies, receiving foreign salary and pensions, Club S fee benefits, and how the Sony Bank WALLET spends foreign-currency balances.\nOnline foreign remittance after beneficiary pre-registration; generally available around the clock outside maintenance.\n¥3,000 outgoing, up to three free per month at qualifying Club S Platinum status; eleven sending currencies advertised.\nReceives eligible foreign-currency salary, pension, insurance, and investment transfers, subject to review and account compatibility.\nSony Bank WALLET spends directly from ten supported foreign-currency balances; unsupported-currency or no-balance use costs 1.79%.\nRemittance and receiving\nSony Bank offers online foreign remittance after beneficiary pre-registration, generally available around the clock outside maintenance windows. The outgoing fee is ¥3,000, with up to three free transfers per month at qualifying Club S Platinum status, and eleven sending currencies are advertised (payment-bank charges remain separate).\nOn the receiving side, Sony Bank supports receipt of foreign-currency salary, pension, insurance, investment, and other eligible transfers, subject to review and account compatibility — making it a practical home for foreign income for Japan-resident individuals aged 15 or older under the cited product conditions.\nSony Bank WALLET abroad\nThe Sony Bank WALLET is a Visa debit that spends directly from ten supported foreign-currency accounts, with a “Yen Assist” feature that can automatically buy a supported currency when the balance is insufficient. When you spend from a matching balance, the conversion cost was already incurred when you funded it; spending an unsupported currency or with no matching balance costs 1.79%.\nAt ATMs, an unsupported or yen-funded withdrawal costs 1.79% plus ¥220, with a possible ATM-owner fee. A refund may return in foreign currency, and delayed merchant clearing can create an additional yen debit — so manage the foreign-currency balances actively.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/sony-bank-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:sony-bank"],"guides":["guide:prestia-international-transfers","guide:prestia-vs-sony-bank","guide:best-overseas-cards","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-sony-fees","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank overseas remittance fees","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/guide/fct_transfer/04.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"remit-sony-guide","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank overseas remittance guide","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/guide/fct_transfer/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"card-sony-wallet","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank WALLET overseas use and fees","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/visa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:send-money-abroad:en","entityId":"guide:send-money-abroad","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to send money abroad from Japan","plainText":"Choose a rail for your amount and destination, collect exact recipient details, compare providers on the recipient amount at the same moment, verify the beneficiary independently, fund by bank transfer, track the transfer, and keep the records.\nThe complete step-by-step process: choose the right rail, collect recipient details, compare quotes at the same time, verify the beneficiary, fund, track, and keep records.\nMatch the rail to the job: specialists for small transfers, banks or Type I services for large or documented ones.\nCollect the exact legal account name plus the destination’s identifier (IBAN, ABA, sort code, BSB, IFSC, or account/branch).\nCompare the recipient amount for the same total debit at the same time — not the advertised fee.\nVerify a new beneficiary independently, fund by bank transfer, and keep the receipt and FX record.\nThe seven steps\n1) Choose the rail. For a small personal remittance, compare specialists (Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai, Western Union). For a large or documented transfer, use a bank or a Type I provider. 2) Collect the recipient details: the exact legal account name and address, bank name, and the destination’s account identifier (IBAN and BIC in Europe, ABA routing number in the US, sort code in the UK, BSB in Australia, IFSC in India, or a domestic account and branch code) plus any required purpose or reference.\n3) Compare quotes at the same time for the same total debit, currency, destination, funding, and payout method. 4) Verify a new beneficiary independently — never act on an emailed change of bank details alone. 5) Fund the transfer, normally by bank transfer, which is usually cheaper than card funding. 6) Track it using the app or SWIFT reference. 7) Store the receipt, the exchange rate used, and any purpose documents for tax and dispute purposes.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/send-money-abroad","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:compare-transfer-quotes","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","guide:large-transfers-from-japan","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-remit-guidance","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Advice on overseas remittance and registered providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-wise-pricing","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise transfer pricing","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:receive-international-transfer:en","entityId":"guide:receive-international-transfer","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to receive an international transfer in Japan","plainText":"Give the sender your bank’s incoming SWIFT instructions (or local receiving details from a platform), confirm the accepted currency, expect incoming and intermediary fees, and remember that receiving money is taxed by what the money is — income, gift, or your own savings — not by the transfer itself.\nIncoming SWIFT instructions, local receiving details, supported currencies, incoming fees and intermediary deductions, tax characterization, and how to track a payment on its way to you.\nTo receive by SWIFT, give the sender your bank’s BIC, account number/format, and registered English name and address.\nPlatforms (Wise, Payoneer) can provide local receiving details in some currencies so the sender pays as if domestically.\nExpect an incoming-transfer fee and possible intermediary deductions; some banks limit incoming currencies (Japan Post: USD/EUR).\nReceiving money is not itself the taxable event — tax follows whether it is salary, a gift, inheritance, or your own savings.\nGiving the sender the right details\nFor a bank SWIFT receipt, provide your bank’s BIC/SWIFT code, the correctly formatted account number, and the registered English account name and address — these must match exactly or the payment can be delayed or returned. Japan Post Bank, for example, uses BIC JPPSJPJ2 and supports USD and EUR incoming, with disclosed correspondent deductions of $10 (USD) and €5 (EUR).\nAlternatively, a platform such as Wise or Payoneer can give you local receiving details in certain currencies, letting the sender pay as if making a domestic transfer and avoiding some correspondent deductions. Confirm the accepted currency before directing a salary or pension, and expect an incoming-transfer fee plus possible intermediary charges.\nTax character and tracking\nAn incoming transfer is not taxed merely because it arrives. Tax follows the underlying nature of the money: salary is income, a gratuitous transfer may be a gift, inherited funds may involve inheritance tax, and moving your own savings between accounts is generally not new income. Keep the originating document — payslip, invoice, sale agreement, or account statement — because a remittance receipt alone is not sufficient tax evidence.\nIf the money is late, ask the sender for the transfer reference and, for a SWIFT wire, have them ask their bank to trace it; gpi tracking may be available at the institutional level.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/receive-international-transfer","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:japan-post-bank"],"guides":["guide:foreign-salary-in-japan","guide:freelance-payments-from-overseas","guide:incoming-bank-fees","guide:are-transfers-taxable"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-jpbank-receive","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank receiving money from abroad","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-payoneer","publisher":"Payoneer","title":"Payoneer cross-border payments and pricing","url":"https://www.payoneer.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Scope of taxable income by residency (居住者・非居住者)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan:en","entityId":"guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Cheapest way to send money from Japan","plainText":"There is no universal cheapest provider — the winner depends on amount, corridor, funding, and payout method — so compare the recipient amount for your exact transfer at the same time; specialists usually win small transfers and negotiated-FX banks win large ones.\nWhy there is no context-free cheapest provider, how cost changes with amount and corridor, and a same-time method to find the cheapest route for your specific transfer.\nNo provider is universally cheapest; the winner changes with amount, corridor, funding, and payout method.\nFor small transfers, fixed bank fees dominate, so specialists (Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai, Western Union) usually win.\nFor large transfers, the FX margin dominates, so a negotiated bank rate or a low-markup Type I provider usually wins.\nFund by bank transfer, exclude first-transfer promotions, and compare the recipient amount at the same moment.\nWhy the answer is “it depends”\nTotal cost, recipient amount, and timing depend on the amount, the currency pair, the funding and delivery method, and the moment you quote. A corridor-specific remittance company may beat a multi-currency platform for a ¥30,000 cash payout to the Philippines, while a bank or Type I provider may be more appropriate for a ¥30 million documented property transaction. That is why any honest “cheapest” page is a method, not a fixed ranking.\nThe structural rule: on small transfers, fixed sending, correspondent, and recipient fees are a large percentage, so a specialist that collects and pays locally usually wins. On large transfers, the exchange-rate margin scales with the amount and dominates, so negotiating the FX rate or comparing low-markup providers saves more than shaving the fee.\nThe same-time method\nGet quotes from several providers within the same minute for the same total sender debit, currency, destination, funding method, and payout method, then compare the recipient amount (the effective rate). Fund by bank transfer to avoid card-acquiring costs, and record first-transfer promotions on a separate line so they do not distort the ongoing-cost comparison.\nFor a small remittance, start with the specialist shortlist; for a large one, add your bank and ask about a negotiated rate. Use the transfer-cost worksheet approach to turn the recipient amounts into a total effective cost and pick the cheapest for that specific transfer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:compare-transfer-quotes","guide:transfer-fees-explained","guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-wise-pricing","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise transfer pricing","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"imny-sbi-remit","publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","title":"SBI Remit international money transfer","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ecb-fx-rates","publisher":"European Central Bank","title":"Euro foreign-exchange reference rates","url":"https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:large-transfers-from-japan:en","entityId":"guide:large-transfers-from-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to make a large international transfer from Japan","plainText":"For a large transfer, use a Type I provider or a bank, obtain same-time written quotes and ask for a negotiated FX rate, pre-clear source-of-funds documents, verify the beneficiary independently, and start weeks ahead — because on large amounts the exchange margin, not the fixed fee, is the main cost.\nSending more than ¥1 million: Type I services and banks, negotiating the FX rate, preparing source-of-funds documents, verifying the beneficiary, timelines, and when to involve a professional.\nAbove ¥1m, use a Type I provider (Wise up to ¥150m for qualifying transfers) or a bank; expect enhanced review.\nThe FX margin dominates cost on large amounts — ask the bank about a negotiated or market-linked rate.\nPre-clear source-of-funds documents and verify the beneficiary independently before sending.\nStart weeks ahead where beneficiary registration, source review, or a closing date is involved; send a small test first.\nRoute and rate\nSending more than ¥1 million generally requires a Type I funds-transfer service or a bank. Wise supports qualifying Japan-based Type I transfers up to ¥150 million; Kyodai lists a Type I maximum of ¥10 million subject to review; major banks handle large wires and can offer market-linked rates above a threshold (Resona, for example, notes market-linked treatment for large transactions).\nOn a large amount the exchange-rate margin is the main cost — it scales with the amount, while the fixed fee does not. Obtain same-time written quotes from a bank and a Type I provider, and explicitly ask the bank whether a negotiated FX rate is available before you confirm.\nDocuments, verification, and timeline\nPrepare source-of-funds documentation in advance — payslips, tax returns, savings history, a sale agreement, or probate documents that show how the money accumulated without unexplained gaps. Large transactions routinely trigger enhanced review, and a clear document trail is the fastest way through it.\nVerify the beneficiary independently, especially for property: confirm account details with the lawyer, notary, title company, or seller through an independently sourced contact, never on an emailed change alone. Start weeks ahead where beneficiary registration, source review, bank holidays, or a closing date apply, and send a small test payment first unless the beneficiary prohibits partial payments. For inheritance, property, gifts, trusts, or U.S. tax exposure, involve a cross-border professional.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/large-transfers-from-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:transfer-limits-japan","guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-wise-limits","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise sending and holding limits","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-resona-remit","publisher":"Resona Bank, Limited","title":"Resona Bank overseas remittance","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/gaika/kaigai_soukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-kyodai","publisher":"Unidos Co., Ltd.","title":"Kyodai Remittance","url":"https://www.kyodai-remittance.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"fsa-funds-transfer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Registered funds transfer service providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:emergency-transfers-from-japan:en","entityId":"guide:emergency-transfers-from-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Emergency international money transfers","plainText":"For a genuine emergency, use a trackable cash-pickup provider (Western Union, SBI Remit/MoneyGram, Kyodai/Ria, or a corridor-specific app), confirm the recipient’s exact legal name and ID and the local cap before paying, send the minimum, and verify any claimed emergency through a separate channel first.\nGetting cash to someone fast and safely: cash-pickup networks, tracking codes, recipient identification, and the fraud checks that matter most when there is time pressure.\nCash pickup via Western Union, SBI Remit/MoneyGram, Kyodai/Ria, or corridor-specific Smiles/DCOM reaches unbanked recipients fast.\nConfirm the recipient’s exact legal name and ID, the pickup location’s hours, cash stock, and local cap before sending.\nUse a provider with a tracking code (MTCN or app tracker) and send only the minimum necessary.\n“Instant” is an estimate; compliance and agent availability can still delay a payout.\nHow to send emergency cash\nFor an unbanked recipient or a genuine emergency, cash pickup is the fastest route. Western Union, SBI Remit with MoneyGram reach, Kyodai over the Ria network, and corridor-specific Smiles or DCOM cash pickup can pay out quickly. Before you pay, confirm the recipient’s exact legal name and ID, the pickup location and its hours, whether it has cash in stock, and the local cash-pickup cap — a mismatch on any of these can block the payout.\nUse a provider with a tracking code (Western Union’s MTCN or an app tracker), send the minimum necessary, and never disclose the pickup number publicly. Remember that “minutes” is an estimate; compliance review and agent availability still control the actual payout.\nThe emergency-scam checklist\nEmergencies are a favourite of scammers precisely because they create time pressure. Verify the alleged emergency through a separate, known channel before sending — call the person on a number you already have, not the one in the message. Treat requests for gift cards, crypto, or transfer to an unrelated “agent” as likely fraud, and never share one-time passwords or the pickup code.\nA transfer receipt proves you initiated a payment, not that the right person collected it. If anything feels rushed or secretive, stop and confirm.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/emergency-transfers-from-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:western-union-japan-review","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud","guide:western-union-vs-apps"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-wu-price","publisher":"Western Union","title":"Western Union Japan transfer quote","url":"https://www.westernunion.com/jp/en/web/send-money/start","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"imny-sbi-remit","publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","title":"SBI Remit international money transfer","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-kyodai","publisher":"Unidos Co., Ltd.","title":"Kyodai Remittance","url":"https://www.kyodai-remittance.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-salary-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:foreign-salary-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Receiving a foreign salary in Japan","plainText":"Ask first whether the employer can make a domestic JPY payroll transfer; if not, whether it accepts local receiving details from Wise or Payoneer; and if not, give a Japanese bank’s incoming SWIFT instructions — but keep payslips and remember foreign salary is not tax-free just because it is paid or held abroad.\nThe order of inquiry for getting paid from abroad — domestic payroll, platform receiving details, or a Japanese bank SWIFT account — plus the records to keep and why leaving salary abroad does not make it tax-free.\nOrder of inquiry: domestic JPY payroll → platform local receiving details → Japanese bank incoming SWIFT.\nThe employer must accept the route and, for salary, usually needs an account legally in the employee’s name.\nRun a small test payment and confirm the accepted currency and where conversion happens.\nForeign salary can be taxable in Japan depending on residence status; leaving it abroad or in a wallet does not make it tax-free.\nThe order of inquiry\nWork through these in order. 1) Ask whether the employer can make a domestic JPY payroll transfer into a Japanese bank account — simplest and cheapest. 2) If salary is paid abroad, ask whether the employer accepts local receiving details supplied by Wise or Payoneer, which can avoid correspondent deductions. 3) If not, provide a Japanese bank’s incoming SWIFT instructions and confirm the accepted currency (some banks, like Japan Post, only take USD or EUR). 4) State whether conversion should occur before sending, at an intermediary, or at the Japanese bank. 5) Run a small test payment. 6) Retain the employment contract, payslip, transfer advice, FX statement, and bank credit record.\nWhichever route you use, the employer must accept it, and for salary the receiving account usually needs to be legally in the employee’s name — payroll systems may not accept a payment-platform account for formal employment.\nTax: abroad is not tax-free\nA foreign salary is not made nontaxable merely because it is left abroad or paid through a wallet. Japanese taxation depends on your residence status, source rules, and, for non-permanent residents, statutory remittance rules that are not a simple “same dollars entered Japan” test. Residents other than non-permanent residents are generally taxed on worldwide income; nonresidents are generally taxed on Japanese-source income.\nKeep every record — contract, payslips, transfer advice, and the exchange rate used — because you may need them to report income and, where relevant, claim a foreign tax credit. For non-permanent-resident remittance treatment, get a Japan international-tax professional before assuming income is untaxed.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/foreign-salary-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:sony-bank","product:wise"],"guides":["guide:receive-international-transfer","guide:freelance-payments-from-overseas","guide:are-transfers-taxable","guide:sony-bank-international-transfers"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Scope of taxable income by residency (居住者・非居住者)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"imny-payoneer","publisher":"Payoneer","title":"Payoneer cross-border payments and pricing","url":"https://www.payoneer.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-wise-japan","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise in Japan","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/7kL1cM6NQ2LQPMs3kV2X5j/wise-in-japan","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:freelance-payments-from-overseas:en","entityId":"guide:freelance-payments-from-overseas","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Receiving freelance payments from overseas","plainText":"Use a business or professionally permitted account — Wise Business, Payoneer, PayPal, or a Japanese business bank account — invoice with full legal details, and keep contracts, platform statements, fees, and the exchange rate used for your accounting.\nGetting paid by international clients through Wise Business, Payoneer, PayPal, or a Japanese business account — what each does well, the invoice details to include, and the records to keep for tax.\nUse an account whose terms permit business receipts; do not route business income through a personal-only remittance product.\nWise Business and Payoneer can give clients local receiving details; PayPal helps where clients already use it and disputes matter.\nAn invoice should state legal names, addresses, service period and description, currency, amount, invoice number, and payment details.\nKeep contracts, delivery evidence, platform statements, fees, and the exchange rate used — a remittance receipt alone is not tax evidence.\nChoosing the channel\nRoute freelance income through a business or professionally permitted account, not a product whose terms prohibit business use. Wise Business and Payoneer can provide local-style receiving details in several currencies, reducing client friction and avoiding some correspondent deductions; Payoneer is strong for marketplaces and clients that prefer local account details. PayPal is convenient where clients already use it and where buyer/seller dispute tools matter, but its cross-border and conversion costs can be higher for routine currency conversion. A Japanese business bank account is the most formal option and may be required for certain clients.\nCompare on client payment friction, conversion cost, withdrawal fee, dispute rights, reserve/review risk, and how cleanly each exports to your accounting.\nInvoices and records\nA freelance invoice should state the legal names and addresses of both parties, the service period and description, the currency, the amount, an invoice number, the due date, and the payment instructions. Clear invoices also help satisfy source-of-funds questions if a provider reviews the payment.\nFor accounting and Japanese tax, record gross revenue, payment-processing or bank fees, the net receipt, and the exchange rate used under your accounting method. Keep contracts, client communications, proof of delivery, and platform statements — freelance income can be taxable even when paid abroad or held in a foreign wallet, and a remittance receipt alone is not sufficient tax evidence.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/freelance-payments-from-overseas","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise-business","product:wise"],"guides":["guide:payoneer-vs-wise-vs-paypal","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan","guide:receive-international-transfer","guide:are-transfers-taxable"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-payoneer","publisher":"Payoneer","title":"Payoneer cross-border payments and pricing","url":"https://www.payoneer.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-paypal-jp","publisher":"PayPal","title":"PayPal Japan payments and fees","url":"https://www.paypal.com/jp/webapps/mpp/home","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"wise-business","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise Business account","url":"https://wise.com/jp/business/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-multi-currency-accounts:en","entityId":"guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best multi-currency accounts in Japan","plainText":"Wise gives the broadest currency coverage and app conversion, Revolut the best card and travel functions, and Sony Bank and PRESTIA offer conventional foreign-currency bank deposits — and wallets and bank deposits carry different limits and legal protections.\nWallets versus bank deposits — Wise, Revolut, Sony Bank, and PRESTIA — compared on supported currencies, holding limits, cards, receiving details, and the different legal protections that matter for savings.\nWise: broadest currency coverage (40+), transparent conversion, local receiving details subject to eligibility; Japan holding limit defaults to ¥1m.\nRevolut: strong app, card controls, and travel use; watch market-hour and allowance rules.\nSony Bank and PRESTIA: conventional foreign-currency bank deposits with statements and branch support.\nA wallet balance and a bank deposit have different holding limits and legal protections — the distinction matters for savings.\nWallet versus bank deposit\nA multi-currency wallet (Wise, Revolut) holds balances in many currencies, may give local receiving details, and pairs with a card — but it is not necessarily a bank deposit, and it may have holding limits and narrower protection. A foreign-currency bank deposit (Sony Bank, PRESTIA) is a conventional deposit with statements and branch support, better for foreign salary or pension receipt and direct bank-to-bank foreign-currency transfers.\nFor breadth and app conversion, Wise leads with 40+ currencies, though a Japan address defaults to a ¥1 million total holding limit (temporarily raisable). Revolut leads on card and travel functions. Sony and PRESTIA lead where you want a real deposit relationship. The legal-protection difference matters most if you intend to hold significant savings.\nChoosing for your use\nFor travel and everyday multi-currency spending, a wallet with a good card (Wise or Revolut) is usually best. For receiving a foreign salary or pension and holding it as a real deposit, a bank (Sony or PRESTIA) fits better. Many residents keep both — a bank deposit for income and long-term holding, and a wallet for conversion and travel.\nCompare supported currencies, holding limits, card conversion cost, ATM allowances, incoming receiving details, and deposit protection before committing a large balance to any one product.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/best-multi-currency-accounts","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut","product:sony-bank","product:smbc-prestia"],"guides":["guide:wise-vs-revolut","guide:best-overseas-cards","guide:currency-risk-when-to-convert","guide:prestia-vs-sony-bank"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-wise-limits","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise sending and holding limits","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-revolut-fees","publisher":"Revolut","title":"Revolut Japan standard fees","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/standard-fees/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"remit-sony-guide","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank overseas remittance guide","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/guide/fct_transfer/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"remit-prestia-guide","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"PRESTIA overseas remittance guide","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/overseas_remittance/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-overseas-cards:en","entityId":"guide:best-overseas-cards","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best cards for overseas spending from Japan","plainText":"Use a low-markup debit product (Sony Bank WALLET 1.79% on unsupported currencies, PRESTIA Global Pass, Wise, or Revolut within allowances) for spending and ATMs, carry a credit card on a different network as backup and for protection, and always choose the local currency to avoid DCC.\nDebit versus credit abroad, issuer FX fees compared, weekend charges, ATM costs, and a two-card backup strategy — with the published percentages for Sony Bank WALLET, PRESTIA Global Pass, Wise, Revolut, and typical Japanese credit cards.\nDebit with a matching foreign-currency balance is usually cheapest; typical Japanese credit cards add roughly 3.6%–3.9% for FX.\nSony Bank WALLET charges 1.79% on an unsupported currency or with no matching balance; PRESTIA Global Pass lists no bank transaction fee.\nRevolut Standard adds 1% outside market hours; Wise advises choosing local currency at ATMs.\nCarry two cards on different networks, keep one separate, and always decline DCC (pay in local currency).\nHow the cards compare\nFor a ¥100,000-equivalent purchase, the published or modeled costs illustrate the spread: Sony Bank WALLET is 1.79% (¥1,790) when there is no matching foreign-currency balance; an example SMBC card is 3.63% (¥3,630); the EPOS card is 3.85% (¥3,850); Revolut Standard is a listed 0% exchange fee for regular customers during market hours within allowances, rising by 1% outside market hours; and merchant DCC at an illustrative 6% would be ¥6,000. Spending a matching balance on Sony Bank WALLET or PRESTIA Global Pass means the conversion cost was already incurred when you funded it.\nAt ATMs, add the issuer fee, a percentage FX fee, the ATM-owner surcharge, and any DCC. PRESTIA’s Global Pass lists no bank-side transaction fee (owner and exchange charges may still apply); Wise and Revolut depend on your allowance; Sony Bank WALLET adds ¥220 on an unsupported or yen-funded withdrawal on top of the 1.79%.\nThe two-card strategy\nCarry at least two cards on different networks, store one separately, and know each PIN. Use a low-markup debit product for spending and ATMs, and keep a credit card for its purchase protections, hotel and rental deposits, and as a backup — credit is generally more expensive for pure FX but valuable for disputes and holds. Avoid credit-card cash advances abroad, which add interest from the transaction date plus ATM and FX charges.\nWhatever card you use, always choose the local currency and decline DCC at the point of sale and the ATM — declining does not remove your issuer’s FX fee but removes the extra merchant/ATM markup on top of it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/best-overseas-cards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:sony-bank","product:smbc-prestia","product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:dynamic-currency-conversion","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:sony-bank-international-transfers","guide:prestia-international-transfers"]},"sources":[{"id":"card-sony-wallet","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank WALLET overseas use and fees","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/visa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"card-prestia-globalpass","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"PRESTIA GLOBAL PASS multi-currency debit","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/globalpass/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"card-epos-overseas","publisher":"EPOS Card","title":"EPOS card overseas usage","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/en/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"card-smbc-overseas","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC Card overseas transaction handling fee","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/support/kaigai/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-revolut-fees","publisher":"Revolut","title":"Revolut Japan standard fees","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/standard-fees/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers:en","entityId":"guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Banks versus remittance providers","plainText":"Specialists usually win small transfers and cash or wallet payouts; banks win where a beneficiary insists on a SWIFT wire, formal documentation is needed, or the amount exceeds a specialist’s limit — and for large amounts a negotiated bank FX rate can beat a specialist.\nWhen a bank wire is the right tool and when a specialist wins — by amount, speed, cash need, documentation, and complexity — so you pick the right rail instead of assuming.\nSmall transfers: specialists usually win because fixed bank fees are a large percentage.\nCash pickup and mobile-wallet payout: usually specialists; branch assistance and formal proof: usually banks.\nLarge documented transfers: banks are strong, especially with a negotiated FX rate; Type I specialists work within their limits.\nComplex property or inheritance payments: often a bank, coordinated with professionals.\nWhen each wins\nBanks are often preferable where the beneficiary specifically requires a SWIFT wire, the transaction involves property or a regulated investment account, a bank-issued proof of remittance is required, or the amount exceeds a remittance provider’s approved limit. They are less attractive for small payments because fixed fees, exchange spreads, and correspondent deductions are a large percentage of the amount.\nSpecialists are usually stronger for smaller transfers, cash pickup, and mobile-wallet payouts, and they can show the recipient amount up front while avoiding some correspondent deductions. Foreign-currency deposits are available at selected banks, whereas a specialist gives you a wallet balance rather than a conventional deposit. Tracking is app-based with specialists and via bank inquiry or SWIFT/gpi with banks.\nLarge and complex transfers\nFor a large documented transfer, banks are strong — particularly with a negotiated FX rate above a threshold — while Type I specialists (such as Wise up to ¥150 million for qualifying transfers) work within their limits. Recipient-exact-amount needs can be met by a bank fee instruction (not certain) or, often more cleanly, by a local-payout specialist.\nFor a complex property or inheritance payment, a bank is often preferable and should be coordinated with professionals. Returns and amendments differ too: a bank does a formal, sometimes costly recall, while a specialist offers app support but still may be unable to cancel after payout.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/banks-vs-remittance-providers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:swift-transfers-explained","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case","guide:large-transfers-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-wise-limits","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise sending and holding limits","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"fsa-funds-transfer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Registered funds transfer service providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case:en","entityId":"guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best international transfer services by use case","plainText":"No provider is universally best; match the shortlist to your use case — specialists for small and family transfers, banks or Type I for large and documented ones, platforms for freelance and salary, cash networks for emergencies — then compare a same-time quote.\nA use-case selector: the starting shortlist and selection rule for small transfers, large transfers, family support, students, freelancers, salary, pensions, cash pickup, travel, and property.\nSmall personal remittance: Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai, Western Union — compare recipient amount by exact method.\nLarge transfer: Wise Type I, MUFG, SMBC, Mizuho, PRESTIA, Sony, Resona — get same-time quotes and ask for a negotiated rate.\nFreelance/salary: Wise Business, Payoneer, PayPal, or a Japanese bank account — check business-use terms and employer acceptance.\nEmergency cash: Western Union, SBI Remit/MoneyGram, Kyodai/Ria — confirm recipient ID, hours, and local cap.\nThe use-case selector\nSmall personal remittance → Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai, or Western Union; compare the recipient amount after fee for the exact bank, wallet, or cash-pickup method, since fixed-fee bank wires are usually proportionally expensive. Large transfer → Wise Type I or a bank (MUFG, SMBC, Mizuho, PRESTIA, Sony, Resona); obtain written same-time quotes, ask for a negotiated FX rate, and pre-clear source-of-funds documents. Family support → SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai, Wise, or Western Union; bank deposit or wallet is normally safer and cheaper than cash pickup.\nForeign salary → local receiving details from Wise or Payoneer where the employer accepts them, otherwise a Sony, PRESTIA, or other Japanese bank SWIFT account. Freelance client payment → Wise Business, Payoneer, PayPal, or a Japanese business account. International tuition → the school’s designated portal, Wise, a bank SWIFT, Sony, or Rakuten, matching the student reference and targeting full-value arrival. Pension receipt → a Japanese bank SWIFT account, Sony, PRESTIA, or eligible local receiving details.\nEmergency, travel, and property\nEmergency cash → Western Union, SBI Remit/MoneyGram, Kyodai/Ria, or corridor-specific Smiles/DCOM cash pickup; confirm recipient ID, location hours, cash stock, exact spelling, pickup number, and local cap. Travel spending → Sony Wallet, PRESTIA Global Pass, Wise, or Revolut, plus a backup credit card on a different network; choose local currency and avoid DCC. Overseas property → a major bank, PRESTIA/Sony, or Wise Type I only after a lawyer, escrow, and independent beneficiary verification.\nWhatever the use case, the shortlist is a starting point, not a verdict — finish by comparing a same-time quote for your exact amount, corridor, funding, and payout method.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/best-transfer-services-by-use-case","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:compare-transfer-quotes"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-wise-pricing","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise transfer pricing","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"imny-sbi-remit","publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","title":"SBI Remit international money transfer","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-wu-price","publisher":"Western Union","title":"Western Union Japan transfer quote","url":"https://www.westernunion.com/jp/en/web/send-money/start","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:wise-vs-revolut:en","entityId":"guide:wise-vs-revolut","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Wise versus Revolut in Japan","plainText":"Wise is the more transparent transfer and receiving tool with the broadest currency coverage and a ¥150m Type I ceiling for qualifying transfers, while Revolut is the stronger everyday card and travel app — but adds 1% outside market hours; the cheaper one depends on your amount, timing, and plan.\nTransfer cost, FX treatment, weekend charges, receiving, cards, ATMs, and limits compared for personal and moderate multi-currency use in Japan.\nWise: mid-market rate with a transparent fee, 40+ currencies, local receiving details, Type I up to ¥150m for qualifying transfers.\nRevolut: strong card controls and travel use; Standard has no listed exchange fee in market hours within allowances, +1% outside them.\nFor receiving and large transfers, Wise is usually the better fit; for card spending and travel, Revolut often is.\nNeither is universally cheaper — compare a same-time quote for your amount, timing, and plan.\nTransfers, receiving, and limits\nWise shows the mid-market rate with a transparent fee, holds 40+ currencies, offers local receiving details subject to eligibility, and supports qualifying Japan-based Type I large transfers up to ¥150 million (default ¥1 million holding limit for Japan addresses, temporarily raisable). This makes Wise the more natural choice for receiving foreign income and for larger transfers.\nRevolut is a registered Type II provider whose transfer and receiving features depend on the account and route; some SWIFT routes have no Revolut transfer fee but can incur intermediary fees. For pure transfer transparency and receiving details, Wise generally leads.\nCards, weekends, and who wins\nRevolut’s strength is the everyday card: strong controls, travel usability, and no listed Standard exchange fee for regular customers during market hours within allowances. The catch is a 1% charge on fiat exchanges outside market hours (and 0.5% on high-frequency Standard use). Wise’s card converts from a matching balance or at a currency-dependent fee and advises choosing local currency at ATMs.\nThe verdict is situational: for receiving income and larger, transparent transfers, Wise usually wins; for card spending, subscriptions, and weekday travel, Revolut often wins. Because allowances and market-hour rules change what you pay, compare a same-time quote for your specific amount, timing, and plan.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/wise-vs-revolut","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:wise-japan-review","guide:revolut-japan-review","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:weekend-fx-markups"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-wise-japan","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise in Japan","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/7kL1cM6NQ2LQPMs3kV2X5j/wise-in-japan","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"remit-revolut-fees","publisher":"Revolut","title":"Revolut Japan standard fees","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/standard-fees/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"imny-wise-limits","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise sending and holding limits","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:wise-vs-sbi-remit:en","entityId":"guide:wise-vs-sbi-remit","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Wise versus SBI Remit","plainText":"Wise is better for transparent bank-deposit transfers, receiving foreign income, and broad currency coverage; SBI Remit is better for cash pickup, MoneyGram reach, and Asian family-remittance corridors — compare the exact recipient amount for your destination and payout method.\nBank deposit versus cash pickup, supported corridors, limits, fees, speed, and receiving capability — so family remitters can pick the right one for their destination.\nWise: transparent mid-market transfers, receiving details, Type I large transfers; not a cash-pickup network.\nSBI Remit: bank deposit, cash pickup, MoneyGram reach; strong for family remittances and Southeast Asia.\nSBI Remit generally caps near ¥1m per transfer and ¥5m per year; Wise supports much larger qualifying transfers.\nThe winner depends on payout method and corridor — compare the recipient amount, not the headline fee.\nThe core difference\nWise is a transparent transfer and multi-currency tool: mid-market rate, a visible fee, local receiving details, and Type I large transfers up to ¥150 million for qualifying cases. It is not a cash-pickup network. SBI Remit is a remittance specialist with bank deposit, cash pickup, and MoneyGram reach across roughly 200 countries/territories, generally capped near the lower of a US$10,000 equivalent and ¥1 million per transfer and about ¥5 million per calendar year.\nSo the choice is largely about payout method: if the recipient has a bank account and you value transparency and larger limits, Wise usually fits; if the recipient needs cash pickup or you are sending regular family support on an Asian corridor, SBI Remit is often the stronger and cheaper option.\nHow to decide\nCompare the exact recipient amount for your destination and payout method at the same time — a bank-deposit quote from Wise against a bank-deposit or cash-pickup quote from SBI Remit. Include SBI Remit’s FX margin (not just its from-¥460 fee) and check the corridor’s cash-pickup cap and agent details if you choose cash.\nFor receiving a foreign salary or holding multiple currencies, Wise is the better tool; for one-way family cash to Asia, SBI Remit frequently wins. Many people keep both for different jobs.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/wise-vs-sbi-remit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:sbi-remit-review","guide:wise-japan-review","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-wise-pricing","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise transfer pricing","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"imny-sbi-remit","publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","title":"SBI Remit international money transfer","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-wise-limits","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise sending and holding limits","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:western-union-vs-apps:en","entityId":"guide:western-union-vs-apps","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Western Union versus remittance apps","plainText":"Western Union wins for emergency cash pickup and unbanked recipients across 200+ countries, but its exchange margin often makes bank-deposit apps (Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai) cheaper when the recipient has an account.\nWhen Western Union’s cash-pickup strength is worth its exchange margin, and when a bank-deposit remittance app is cheaper and more trackable.\nWestern Union: unmatched cash-pickup reach and speed for unbanked recipients; MTCN tracking.\nApps: usually cheaper for bank-deposit payout, with clearer app tracking and the recipient amount shown up front.\nWestern Union states it earns from currency exchange — include the FX margin, not just the from-¥400 fee.\nChoose by whether the recipient needs cash or a bank deposit, then compare a same-time quote.\nWhen Western Union is worth it\nWestern Union’s network reaches more than 200 countries with cash pickup, agent, and bank-account options, and its real edge is paying an unbanked recipient quickly, with MTCN tracking. If the person you are paying cannot receive a bank deposit, or you need cash available fast, that convenience can justify the cost.\nThe cost, though, includes an exchange-rate margin — Western Union expressly states it earns money from currency exchange — so a from-¥400 fee understates the total. Include the FX margin and treat promotional rates separately from standard pricing.\nWhen an app wins\nWhen the recipient has a bank account, a bank-deposit remittance app (Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai) is usually cheaper and more trackable, and it shows the recipient amount before you send. For recurring family support to a bank account, the app route typically beats cash pickup on cost while avoiding the fraud exposure of cash collection.\nThe decision rule is simple: choose by whether the recipient needs cash or a bank deposit, then compare a same-time quote for the exact corridor and payout method.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/western-union-vs-apps","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:western-union-japan-review","guide:emergency-transfers-from-japan","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud","guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-wu-price","publisher":"Western Union","title":"Western Union Japan transfer quote","url":"https://www.westernunion.com/jp/en/web/send-money/start","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"imny-sbi-remit","publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","title":"SBI Remit international money transfer","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-dcom","publisher":"D.Communications Co., Ltd.","title":"DCOM Money Express remittance","url":"https://www.dcom-money.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho:en","entityId":"guide:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MUFG vs SMBC vs Mizuho international transfers","plainText":"MUFG has the lowest online outgoing fees (¥2,500–¥3,000) and English Web Support Plus, SMBC offers seven currencies with published ~¥1/USD margins, and Mizuho’s app transfer is ¥5,000 — but on small transfers a specialist usually beats all three.\nThe three megabanks compared on outgoing fees, FX margins, online access, currencies, incoming costs, and English support — with the shared caveat that specialists usually beat all three on small transfers.\nMUFG online: ¥2,500 to MUFG entities, ¥3,000 to other banks; recipient-paid fees only online; English Web Support Plus.\nSMBC online: ¥3,000/¥3,500; seven sending currencies; published margins ~¥1/USD and ~¥1.40/EUR; recall ¥4,000.\nMizuho app transfer ¥5,000; branch ¥8,000–¥8,500; recall ¥5,500; My Number required at all three.\nFor small transfers, fixed fees and FX margins mean a specialist usually beats all three megabanks.\nFees, FX, and channels\nMUFG has the lowest online outgoing fees — ¥2,500 to specified MUFG overseas entities and ¥3,000 to other banks — but MUFG Direct supports recipient-paid fees only (a sender-paid correspondent option needs a branch). SMBC online is ¥3,000 to SMBC entities and ¥3,500 to other banks, offers seven sending currencies, and publishes FX margins of about ¥1 per USD and ¥1.40 per EUR, with recall/amendment at ¥4,000. Mizuho’s app transfer is ¥5,000, branch is ¥8,000–¥8,500, and recall is ¥5,500.\nAll three require My Number and beneficiary registration, and all are migrating to ISO 20022, which can add setup time. Incoming charges differ (SMBC generally ¥1,500 for foreign-to-yen; Mizuho generally ¥2,500), so check the receipt-time schedule — MUFG announced 2026 revisions.\nWhich to use\nAmong the three, MUFG is usually cheapest online for a straightforward recipient-paid transfer and offers English Web Support Plus; SMBC suits people who want seven currencies and published margins; Mizuho fits existing Mizuho customers using the app. For all three, large transfers make the FX margin the main cost, so ask about a negotiated rate.\nThe shared caveat: for small personal remittances, a specialist that collects and pays locally usually beats all three megabanks on total cost. Use a megabank when you need a SWIFT wire, formal proof, seven-currency support, or a large documented transfer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-international-transfers","guide:smbc-international-transfers","guide:mizuho-international-transfers","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-mufg-remit","publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","title":"MUFG overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/tsukau/kaigai/okuru/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-mizuho-remit","publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","title":"Mizuho overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:prestia-vs-sony-bank:en","entityId":"guide:prestia-vs-sony-bank","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PRESTIA versus Sony Bank","plainText":"PRESTIA leads on English service, MultiMoney accounts, and GLOBAL PASS but bars online business-purpose transfers; Sony Bank leads on around-the-clock online remittance, eleven sending currencies, and the Sony Bank WALLET — pick by whether you value English branch support or online foreign-currency automation.\nTwo English-friendly, foreign-currency-strong banks compared on support, deposits, receiving income, transfer fees, debit cards, and account requirements.\nPRESTIA: strong English support, MultiMoney foreign-currency accounts, GLOBAL PASS debit; online business-purpose transfers prohibited.\nSony Bank: around-the-clock online remittance (¥3,000, some free at Club S Platinum), eleven sending currencies, Sony Bank WALLET.\nBoth receive foreign income; both offer multi-currency debit cards with no bank-side transaction fee on their card at ATMs (owner/exchange charges may apply).\nChoose PRESTIA for English branch/tiered service, Sony for online foreign-currency automation.\nHow they compare\nPRESTIA (SMBC Trust Bank) is built around English service and foreign currency: MultiMoney accounts hold multiple currencies, GLOBAL PASS is a multi-currency Visa debit with no listed bank transaction fee, and fee tiers reward a relationship balance (standard online ¥3,500, ¥2,000 at a ¥1m balance, free for Gold). The key limit is that online transfers cannot be used for corporate accounts or business-purpose funds.\nSony Bank is built around online foreign-currency automation: online remittance around the clock at ¥3,000 (up to three free monthly at Club S Platinum), eleven sending currencies, and the Sony Bank WALLET, which spends directly from ten foreign-currency balances (1.79% only when there is no matching balance). Both banks can receive foreign salary and pensions subject to review.\nWhich fits you\nChoose PRESTIA if you value English-language branch and phone support, tiered benefits tied to a relationship balance, and a foreign-currency banking relationship. Choose Sony Bank if you want strong online foreign-currency automation, more sending currencies, and a wallet card that spends directly from foreign-currency deposits.\nFor a freelancer or business, note PRESTIA’s online business-purpose restriction and confirm the permitted channel; for a traveller actively managing foreign-currency balances, the Sony Bank WALLET is a standout.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/prestia-vs-sony-bank","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:smbc-prestia","product:sony-bank"],"guides":["guide:prestia-international-transfers","guide:sony-bank-international-transfers","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:best-overseas-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-prestia-guide","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"PRESTIA overseas remittance guide","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/overseas_remittance/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"remit-sony-guide","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank overseas remittance guide","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/guide/fct_transfer/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"card-prestia-globalpass","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"PRESTIA GLOBAL PASS multi-currency debit","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/globalpass/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"card-sony-wallet","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank WALLET overseas use and fees","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/visa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rakuten-vs-japan-post:en","entityId":"guide:rakuten-vs-japan-post","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Bank versus Japan Post Bank international transfers","plainText":"Rakuten Bank has a low ¥750 outgoing headline fee but requires JPY funding and adds optional/JPY-remittance fees, while Japan Post Bank is ¥3,000 with a Japanese-only outgoing interface and USD/EUR-only incoming — so Rakuten usually wins on cost if you fund from yen and read the full fee stack.\nTwo very different online-accessible options: Rakuten’s low ¥750 headline fee with mandatory JPY funding versus Japan Post Bank’s Japanese-only interface and USD/EUR-limited receiving.\nRakuten Bank: ¥750 outgoing headline fee, but foreign-currency transfers must be funded by converting from the JPY account; optional intermediary fee ¥1,000; JPY-denominated remittance adds ¥3,000.\nJapan Post Bank: ¥3,000 outgoing, Japanese-only interface; incoming supports USD and EUR only with disclosed correspondent deductions.\nBoth require My Number; both may deduct recipient-bank charges.\nRakuten usually wins on cost from yen; Japan Post suits existing customers comfortable with the Japanese interface.\nHow they compare\nRakuten Bank advertises a low ¥750 outgoing fee and more than 60 currencies to 200+ countries, but the details matter: foreign-currency outgoing transfers must be funded by converting from the JPY account (you cannot send an existing foreign-currency deposit directly), an optional sender-paid intermediary fee is ¥1,000, and a JPY-denominated overseas remittance adds ¥3,000. Bank review occurs on business days and may require invoices or explanations.\nJapan Post Bank charges ¥3,000 outgoing at its published rate, but the outgoing website is Japanese-only and some fields must be entered in Japanese. Its incoming English instructions support only USD and EUR (BIC JPPSJPJ2) with disclosed correspondent deductions of $10 and €5. Both require My Number and may pass on recipient-bank charges.\nWhich to choose\nIf you fund from yen and read the full fee stack, Rakuten Bank usually wins on cost, and its interface is more accessible. Japan Post Bank suits existing customers who are comfortable with the Japanese-only outgoing interface, or recipients who specifically need a Japan Post account and can work in USD or EUR.\nFor either, the exchange rate and any recipient-bank deduction still determine the total, so compare the recipient amount rather than the headline fee — and for small transfers, a specialist may beat both.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/rakuten-vs-japan-post","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:rakuten-bank","product:japan-post-bank"],"guides":["guide:japan-post-bank-international-transfers","guide:incoming-bank-fees","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-rakuten-remit","publisher":"Rakuten Bank, Ltd.","title":"Rakuten Bank international remittance","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/geo/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-jpbank-remit","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank international remittance","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-jpbank-receive","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank receiving money from abroad","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:payoneer-vs-wise-vs-paypal:en","entityId":"guide:payoneer-vs-wise-vs-paypal","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Payoneer vs Wise Business vs PayPal","plainText":"Wise Business gives transparent conversion and local receiving details, Payoneer is strong for marketplaces and clients wanting local account details, and PayPal is best where clients already use it and buyer/seller disputes matter — but is often costlier for routine conversion.\nThree ways for freelancers and businesses to get paid by international clients — compared on client friction, receiving details, fees, withdrawals, disputes, and accounting.\nWise Business: mid-market conversion, local receiving details, transparent fees; good for transparent invoicing.\nPayoneer: marketplace receipts and local account details in currencies including USD, EUR, GBP, JPY, CAD; withdrawal/payment charges vary.\nPayPal: convenient where clients already use it and disputes matter, but cross-border and conversion fees can be higher.\nChoose by client friction, conversion cost, withdrawal fee, dispute rights, reserve/review risk, and accounting export.\nHow they compare\nWise Business converts at the mid-market rate with a transparent fee and can give clients local receiving details, which reduces friction and avoids some correspondent deductions — a clean choice for straightforward invoicing. Payoneer is strong for marketplaces and clients who prefer to pay local account details; it describes receiving accounts in currencies including USD, EUR, GBP, JPY, and CAD, with published global pricing that includes currency-balance conversion around 0.5% and various withdrawal/payment charges (your signed-in pricing controls).\nPayPal is convenient where clients already use it and where buyer/seller dispute tools matter, and it displays its conversion rate before payment. It is often less cost-efficient for routine currency conversion than a bank-funded specialist transfer, so weigh the dispute protection against the conversion cost.\nChoosing and protecting yourself\nDecide on client payment friction (what your client will actually use), conversion cost, withdrawal fee, dispute rights, reserve/review risk, and how cleanly each exports to your accounting. Many freelancers keep two — a primary invoicing channel plus a backup for clients who insist on a particular platform.\nWhichever you use, keep contracts, invoices, delivery evidence, and platform statements. Account-review risk is reduced by a clean paper trail, and business income can be taxable even when paid abroad or held in a foreign balance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/payoneer-vs-wise-vs-paypal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise-business","product:wise"],"guides":["guide:freelance-payments-from-overseas","guide:receive-international-transfer","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-payoneer","publisher":"Payoneer","title":"Payoneer cross-border payments and pricing","url":"https://www.payoneer.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"wise-business","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise Business account","url":"https://wise.com/jp/business/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"imny-paypal-jp","publisher":"PayPal","title":"PayPal Japan payments and fees","url":"https://www.paypal.com/jp/webapps/mpp/home","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:incoming-bank-fees:en","entityId":"guide:incoming-bank-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Incoming international transfer fees at Japanese banks","plainText":"Receiving a foreign transfer usually costs an incoming handling fee (roughly ¥1,500–¥2,500 at major banks) plus possible conversion or lifting charges and intermediary deductions the sender’s bank cannot see — so confirm the accepted currency and expect the credited amount to be a little less than sent.\nWhat it costs to receive money from abroad — incoming handling fees, conversion charges, same-currency and lifting fees, and intermediary deductions — compared across major banks.\nMajor banks charge an incoming handling fee: SMBC generally ¥1,500 for foreign-to-yen; Mizuho generally ¥2,500; SBI Shinsei around ¥2,000.\nSame-currency or yen receipts can attract a lifting charge of about 0.05% (minimum ~¥2,500) depending on the route.\nIntermediary banks may deduct fees the sender cannot see; Japan Post discloses $10 (USD) and €5 (EUR).\nConfirm the accepted currency — Japan Post Bank incoming English instructions support USD and EUR only.\nWhat you pay to receive\nReceiving an international transfer is not free. Major banks charge an incoming handling fee — SMBC generally ¥1,500 for a foreign-currency-to-yen receipt, Mizuho generally ¥2,500, and SBI Shinsei around a ¥2,000 equivalent (with a later rebate for Silver and higher Step Up tiers under the cited schedule). Same-currency or yen international receipts can also attract a lifting charge of about 0.05% with a minimum near ¥2,500, depending on the route.\nOn top of the receiving bank’s fee, intermediary (correspondent) banks may deduct charges the sender’s bank cannot see in advance. Japan Post Bank discloses fixed correspondent deductions of $10 on qualifying USD receipts and €5 on qualifying EUR receipts, and warns more may apply — which is why a credited amount can be a little less than what was sent.\nReducing incoming cost\nConfirm the accepted currency before directing a payment — Japan Post Bank incoming English instructions support only USD and EUR, and a mismatch can cause a return. Where you can, receive in a currency your account supports to avoid a forced conversion, or use a platform’s local receiving details (Wise, Payoneer) to sidestep some correspondent deductions.\nFor a salary or pension you will receive repeatedly, check the current incoming-fee page and any tier rebate, and re-verify figures at receipt time — some banks (for example Rakuten Bank’s cited individual incoming fee) publish figures that should be rechecked on the transaction date.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/incoming-bank-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:receive-international-transfer","guide:intermediary-bank-fees","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-mizuho-remit","publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","title":"Mizuho overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-shinsei-remit","publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","title":"SBI Shinsei Bank receiving foreign remittances","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/english/foreign/receive.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-jpbank-receive","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank receiving money from abroad","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:are-transfers-taxable:en","entityId":"guide:are-transfers-taxable","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are international transfers taxable in Japan?","plainText":"The act of moving money is usually not the taxable event; tax follows the underlying transaction — salary is income, a gratuitous transfer may be a gift, inherited funds may involve inheritance tax, an asset sale may be a gain — and moving your own savings between accounts is generally not new income.\nWhy moving money is usually not the taxable event, and how tax instead follows the underlying transaction — salary, gift, inheritance, a loan, business income, or your own savings.\nThe transfer itself is usually not taxed — the underlying event is what matters.\nSalary is income; a gratuitous transfer may be a gift; inheritance may involve inheritance tax; a sale may create a gain.\nMoving your own savings between your accounts is generally not new income, but the original source keeps its tax character.\nResidence status (resident, non-permanent resident, nonresident) changes what is taxable — this is educational, not advice.\nTax follows the source, not the transfer\nSending or receiving money is usually not itself a taxable event. What matters is the underlying transaction. Salary is income; a gratuitous transfer may be a gift; inherited funds may involve inheritance tax; the sale of an asset may generate a capital gain; and business revenue remains business income. Moving one’s own existing savings between accounts is different from receiving new income and generally does not itself create tax.\nThat is why receiving a large transfer does not automatically create a liability, and why sending your own money abroad is not automatically taxed. But the original character travels with the money: interest, gains, salary, gifts, or inheritance retain their tax treatment even after a transfer.\nResidence status and when to get help\nYour residence status changes what is taxable. Residents other than non-permanent residents are generally taxed on worldwide income; non-permanent residents are taxed on non-foreign-source income, foreign-source income paid in Japan, and foreign-source income paid abroad to the extent treated as remitted under a statutory calculation; nonresidents are generally taxed on Japanese-source income. The non-permanent-resident remittance rule is not a simple “same dollars entered Japan” tracing test.\nThis page is educational and cannot determine your liability. Get a Japan international-tax professional before relying on non-remittance treatment, or for large gifts, inheritance, property, trusts, foreign companies, crypto, stock options, or U.S. reporting. Keep the originating documents — payslips, contracts, sale agreements, probate papers, and the exchange rate used — because a remittance receipt alone is not sufficient tax evidence.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/are-transfers-taxable","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cross-border-gift-tax","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan","guide:receive-international-transfer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Scope of taxable income by residency (居住者・非居住者)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-gift-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Gift tax (贈与税)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/zoyo/4402.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-foreign-assets","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Report of foreign assets (kokugai zaisan chosho)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/hotei/7456.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:cross-border-gift-tax:en","entityId":"guide:cross-border-gift-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Cross-border gift tax in Japan","plainText":"Under Japan’s calendar-year system, a ¥1.1 million basic exemption is subtracted from the total gifts a person receives in the year, and the recipient is generally the taxpayer — but residence, nationality, and property location can change the result, so large cross-border gifts need professional advice.\nHow Japan’s calendar-year gift-tax system works — the ¥1.1 million basic exemption, recipient-based calculation, and the residence/nationality factors — and when a cross-border gift needs professional advice.\nThe basic exemption is generally ¥1.1 million of total gifts received per recipient per calendar year — not per donor.\nThe recipient is generally the relevant taxpayer under the ordinary calendar-year system.\nResidence history, nationality, donor status, and property location can all change the outcome.\nGenuine ordinary living or education support can be treated differently from an unrestricted gift, but facts and timing matter.\nHow the exemption works\nJapan’s calendar-year gift-tax system generally subtracts a ¥1.1 million basic exemption from the total gifts a person receives during the calendar year. Crucially, this is per recipient, not per donor — you do not get a fresh ¥1.1 million allowance for each person who gives you money. The recipient is generally the relevant taxpayer under the ordinary system.\nCitizenship, domicile, residence history, donor status, property location, special exemptions, and the inheritance-settlement election can all change the outcome, especially for cross-border gifts where the giver and receiver are in different countries or one party recently moved.\nFamily support and when to get advice\nGenuine payments for ordinary living or education can receive different treatment from an unrestricted gift, but the facts, timing, necessity, and direct use matter. Large accumulated transfers, funding a property purchase, funding investments, or payments beyond normal support can look like gifts and require professional review. For certain Japanese dependent-deduction claims involving overseas relatives, the NTA requires relationship and remittance documentation, with additional rules for some relatives aged 30 to 69, including a ¥380,000 remittance condition unless another exception applies.\nThis page is educational and cannot determine your liability. Before making or receiving a large cross-border gift — or funding a property purchase for a family member — consult a Japanese tax professional, and keep evidence of the relationship, purpose, and use of the funds.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/cross-border-gift-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:are-transfers-taxable","guide:large-transfers-from-japan","guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-gift-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Gift tax (贈与税)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/zoyo/4402.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-dependent-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Dependent deduction (扶養控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1180.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen:en","entityId":"guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why international transfers get delayed or accounts frozen","plainText":"Transfers stall or accounts freeze when something looks inconsistent — a name mismatch, an expired residence card, an amount out of line with income, a vague purpose, third-party funds, or a sanctions match — and each is cleared with specific corrective evidence, not by trying again.\nThe common triggers — name mismatches, expired documents, unusual amounts, unclear purposes, third-party funds, and sanctions matches — and the corrective evidence that clears each one.\nName mismatches across account, residence card, and beneficiary record are a leading cause — fix with official name evidence.\nExpired residence cards or outdated addresses stall transfers — renew and update your registered details.\nAmounts inconsistent with income, vague purposes, or third-party funds trigger review — supply documents, not a retry.\nSanctions or high-risk matches may need extra evidence, and some payments remain prohibited.\nThe common triggers and their fixes\nMost holds come from an inconsistency. A name that differs across your account, residence card, and the beneficiary record → provide official name evidence and correct the beneficiary entry. An outdated residence card or address → renew the card and update your address. An amount inconsistent with your income → payslips, tax returns, savings history, or sale/inheritance documents. A vague purpose → an invoice, tuition bill, support explanation, or contract. Third-party funding → proof of relationship, authorization, and source. Multiple unrelated recipients → business records or a detailed relationship explanation.\nA high-risk country or sanctioned-name match → additional identity and transaction evidence, though some payments remain prohibited. A property or investment payment → the purchase agreement, escrow instructions, a professional contact, and a source trail. Beneficiary details changed by email → independent verification with the beneficiary. If the provider cannot contact you → current phone, email, and postal address.\nAvoiding a freeze in the first place\nKeep your registered legal name, address, visa status, and residence-card expiry current across your account, residence card, and beneficiary records. Declare an accurate, specific purpose rather than “personal,” and be ready to show source-of-funds documents for a large or unusual transfer. Respond promptly to information requests — an unanswered request is itself a reason a review stalls.\nNever split a large transfer into smaller ones to dodge a limit; providers can aggregate related transactions and treat structuring as suspicious. And never let anyone route their money through your account — that resembles money-mule activity and can freeze the account and create criminal exposure.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/transfer-delayed-account-frozen","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose","guide:transfer-times-and-delays","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-remit-guidance","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Advice on overseas remittance and registered providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Scope of taxable income by residency (居住者・非居住者)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-funds-transfer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Registered funds transfer service providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud:en","entityId":"guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"International transfer scams and fraud prevention","plainText":"Independently verify every new beneficiary and every change of bank details using a known phone number, send a small test payment before a large one, never share one-time passwords or pickup codes, and treat urgency, secrecy, and requests to forward money for a stranger as fraud indicators.\nThe common cross-border money frauds — beneficiary-detail changes, romance and emergency scams, money mules, and property fraud — and the concrete habits that protect you.\nIndependently verify every new beneficiary and every bank-detail change using a phone number you already have.\nSend a small test payment before a large one, and confirm the exact credited amount and reference.\nNever share one-time passwords, full card details, remote-access control, or cash-pickup codes.\nDo not let anyone route money through your account — it can create money-mule, tax, and criminal exposure.\nThe scams to know\nBeneficiary-detail fraud: a criminal intercepts an invoice or email and changes the bank details, so your payment goes to them. Romance and emergency scams: an urgent, emotional story pressures you to send fast. Money mules: someone asks you to receive and forward money “as a favour” or for a job. Fake investment or “tax authority” demands: a guaranteed return or a threat pushes an immediate transfer. Property fraud: emailed changes to escrow or seller account details divert a deposit.\nThe common thread is pressure plus a change or a stranger. A transfer receipt proves you initiated a payment, not that the right person was credited — and once cash is collected or an account is credited, recovery is often impossible.\nThe habits that protect you\nIndependently verify every new beneficiary and every bank-detail change using a phone number you already have — never the one in the message announcing the change. Send a small test payment before a large one (unless the beneficiary prohibits partial payments) and confirm the credited amount and reference. Never share one-time passwords, full card details, remote-access control, or cash-pickup codes. Use unique passwords, passkeys or multifactor authentication, device locks, transaction alerts, and beneficiary whitelists.\nFor property, confirm escrow instructions with the lawyer, title company, notary, or judicial scrivener through an independently sourced contact. Treat urgency, secrecy, guaranteed returns, romance requests, “tax authority” payment demands, and requests to forward money for a stranger as fraud indicators. And never let clients or acquaintances route their money through your personal account — that can create money-mule, tax, account-freezing, and criminal exposure.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/transfer-scams-and-fraud","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen","guide:emergency-transfers-from-japan","guide:large-transfers-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-remit-guidance","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Advice on overseas remittance and registered providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"fsa-funds-transfer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Registered funds transfer service providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:opening-a-bank-account-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:opening-a-bank-account-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Opening a bank account in Japan","plainText":"With a residence card and a Japanese address you can open an account at most banks; online banks and English-friendly banks are the usual starting points.\nThe documents, choices, and common snags when opening your first Japanese bank account.\nCore requirement is a residence card; some banks also want My Number, a phone number, and a few months of residency.\nOnline banks win on fees and apps; megabanks help for branches and official dealings.\nYour name is registered in katakana — keep it consistent everywhere.\nUpdate address and residency status to avoid a restricted account.\nWhat you need\nThe anchor document is your residence card (在留カード). Most banks also ask for a Japanese address and a phone number, and increasingly for a My Number. Some banks impose a waiting period (often six months of residency) before a new arrival can open certain accounts, while others open immediately — Japan Post Bank and some online banks are often accessible early.\nPrepare a personal seal (hanko) or be ready to sign, and expect your name to be registered in katakana. Keep that katakana spelling identical across your employer, utilities, and cards to avoid transfer and verification problems later.\nWhich bank to choose\nIf you want low fees and a good app, start with an online bank such as Rakuten Bank or Sony Bank. If English support is essential, SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA and Sony Bank are the names people research first. If you need a branch network or expect official and corporate dealings, a megabank or Japan Post Bank can be the practical anchor. Many residents keep two accounts for different jobs.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banking/opening-a-bank-account-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"faqs":["faq:bank-documents","faq:bank-english","faq:bank-no-job"],"products":["product:sony-bank","product:smbc-prestia","product:rakuten-bank","product:japan-post-bank"],"guides":["guide:best-banks-for-foreigners-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"immi-residence","publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","title":"Immigration Services Agency","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jftc-guarantee","publisher":"Japanese Bankers Association (JBA)","title":"Japanese Bankers Association","url":"https://www.zenginkyo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","title":"Payment and Settlement Systems","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:best-banks-for-foreigners-japan:en","entityId":"guide:best-banks-for-foreigners-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best banks for foreign residents in Japan","plainText":"For English support and foreign currency, research SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA and Sony Bank; for low fees and daily use, Rakuten Bank and other online banks are strong.\nHow to compare banks on English support, fees, apps, and foreign-currency needs.\nRank your priorities: English support, fees, app quality, or foreign-currency features.\nPRESTIA leads on end-to-end English; Sony Bank is strong on FX and app.\nOnline banks minimize fees; megabanks add branches and recognition.\nVerify current fee schedules and English coverage before deciding.\nCompare on what matters to you\nThere is no single “best” bank — only the best fit for your priorities. If you need to do everything in English, PRESTIA is the safest choice, with Sony Bank a strong runner-up that also excels at multi-currency. If you mostly want low fees and a great app, Rakuten Bank and Sony Bank lead. If branch access or official/corporate needs dominate, a megabank or Japan Post Bank fits.\nBecause fee schedules and English coverage change, treat any list as a starting point and confirm the current details on each bank’s official page before you apply.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banking/best-banks-for-foreigners-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"faqs":["faq:bank-english","faq:bank-online-vs-mega"],"products":["product:smbc-prestia","product:sony-bank","product:rakuten-bank","product:shinsei-bank"],"guides":["guide:opening-a-bank-account-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-prestia","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sony-bank","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"rakuten-bank","publisher":"Rakuten Bank","title":"Rakuten Bank","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:getting-a-credit-card-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:getting-a-credit-card-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Getting your first credit card in Japan","plainText":"Each issuer applies undisclosed screening. Compare first cards by stated eligibility, fixed cost, rewards, and payment settings—not presumed approval ease.\nHow issuer-stated eligibility works, how to compare first-card features, and what to do if rejected.\nForeign credit scores do not transfer — you build history from zero in Japan.\nEcosystem cards (Rakuten, Epos) are common first cards.\nIssuers generally do not disclose individual rejection reasons; do not guess or repeatedly apply.\nChoose one point ecosystem that matches your spending.\nHow approval works\nIssuers publish eligibility requirements but do not publish their complete screening models. Enter application details accurately and check the issuer’s required documents. CIC and JICC let you request your own registered credit information, but this site cannot infer how an issuer will decide or promise that any circumstance will help.\nHow to select your first card\nStart from how you actually spend, not from a \"best card\" list. Almost every popular first card in Japan has no annual fee and a base rate of roughly 0.5–1%, so the meaningful difference is which point ecosystem fits your life. If you shop on Rakuten, a Rakuten Card compounds value; if you use docomo, PayPay, or au services, the matching card keeps points in one place instead of scattering them.\nThen narrow by network and practicalities. Pick a widely accepted network (Visa or Mastercard are the safest default; JCB and Amex have narrower overseas acceptance). Check that the card offers the extras you will use — a family card, an ETC card for tolls, or specific wallet support (Apple Pay, Google Pay, QUICPay, iD). Finally, confirm the application is one you can complete with your current documents and a Japanese bank account for the automatic withdrawal.\nBecause you build credit history from zero in Japan, it is usually better to choose one card, use it consistently, and pay in full each month than to apply for several at once. A steady, on-time history on a single no-fee card is the simplest foundation for later upgrades or a second card.\nWhat to consider when comparing cards\nFixed cost: whether the primary card is genuinely no-fee, and whether any fee waiver has conditions. Rewards: the base earning rate that always applies, kept separate from headline campaign rates. Point terms: where points can be spent and when they expire — a high rate is worth little if the points lapse before you use them. Network and acceptance for where you shop and travel. Add-on cards (family, ETC) and digital-wallet support. Payment settings, especially whether automatic revolving (リボ) is off. And practical eligibility: the documents, age, and bank-account requirements you can meet now.\nThe comparison table below lines up the mainstream no-fee cards on the criteria that matter most for a first card. Use it to shortlist two, then open a head-to-head comparison for the final decision.\nIf you are rejected\nIssuers generally do not tell applicants the specific reason for rejection, so do not treat speculation about income, employment, residency or nationality as fact. First check that the application was accurate and complete. Avoid making several reactive applications, and consider requesting your own disclosure from CIC or JICC to check the information registered about you before deciding whether to reapply.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/credit-cards/getting-a-credit-card-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"faqs":["faq:card-foreigner-approval","faq:card-rejected","faq:card-first-card"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card","product:amex-jp"],"guides":["guide:avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai"]},"sources":[{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jicc-credit","publisher":"JICC","title":"Japan Credit Information Reference Center","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"rakuten-card","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai:en","entityId":"guide:avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Avoiding the リボ払い (revolving payment) trap","plainText":"リボ払い carries an issuer-disclosed fee on the outstanding balance and can extend repayment. Choose 一括払い when appropriate and verify every statement and automatic-revolving setting.\nWhat revolving payment is, why it costs so much, and how to switch it off.\nRevolving payment charges the disclosed fee and can be activated through an automatic-revolving setting.\nPay-in-full (一括払い) each month means no interest.\nPoint bonuses are sometimes used to nudge you into revolving.\nCheck and change your card’s payment setting in the app.\nWhy it costs so much\nRevolving payment keeps your monthly payment small and fixed, but the unpaid balance carries interest — commonly around 15% a year. Because the balance shrinks slowly, interest accumulates and a modest purchase can cost far more over time. Some cards enable revolving by default or promote it with extra points, so people end up in it without realizing.\nHow to avoid it\nChoose 一括払い (pay in full) at checkout and set your card’s default payment method to full payment in the app or member site. Review your statement for any リボ or “automatic revolving” setting and turn it off. If you already carry a revolving balance, paying it down faster than the minimum reduces the interest you pay.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/credit-cards/avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"faqs":["faq:card-riborai","faq:card-annual-fee"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:getting-a-credit-card-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"card-payment-consumer-guidance","publisher":"Japan Consumer Credit Association","title":"Consumer guidance on revolving payments","url":"https://www.j-credit.or.jp/customer/basis/revolving.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:what-is-nisa:en","entityId":"guide:what-is-nisa","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is NISA? A beginner’s guide","plainText":"NISA is a tax-free investment account; since 2024 it allows ¥3.6M/year (¥18M lifetime) of investments whose gains are never taxed.\nThe tax-free investment account, its 2024 limits, and how to think about it.\nNew NISA (2024): ¥1.2M tsumitate + ¥2.4M growth per year, ¥18M lifetime.\nGains and dividends inside NISA are tax-free with no time limit.\nYou open NISA at a brokerage; most beginners use low-cost index funds.\nUS persons and people leaving Japan need extra caution.\nHow the new NISA works\nSince the 2024 renewal, NISA is a single permanent system with two frames you can use together: the tsumitate (accumulation) frame up to ¥1.2M a year for regulator-screened funds, and the growth frame up to ¥2.4M a year for a wider range — ¥3.6M combined annually, capped at ¥18M lifetime. Gains and dividends are never taxed, and there is no expiry on the exemption. If you sell, the lifetime capacity you used frees up again the following year.\nWhat to watch out for\nNISA is a container, not an investment — what you put inside determines your risk. Most beginners research broad, low-cost index funds rather than individual stocks. Two cross-border cautions: US citizens and green-card holders face heavy US taxation on Japanese funds (PFIC rules), and NISA generally cannot continue after you leave Japan. Plan for both before committing large sums.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/what-is-nisa","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan","faq:nisa-us-citizen","faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:nisa-vs-ideco:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-vs-ideco","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA vs iDeCo: which comes first?","plainText":"NISA is flexible (withdraw anytime, tax-free growth); iDeCo gives a bigger up-front tax deduction but locks funds until 60 — many use NISA first.\nHow the two tax-advantaged accounts differ and how to sequence them.\nNISA: flexible, tax-free growth, withdraw anytime.\niDeCo: contributions cut taxable income now, locked until 60.\niDeCo limits depend on your pension category.\nLeaving Japan makes iDeCo’s lock-up a bigger drawback.\nThe core difference\nBoth shelter investment growth from tax, but they trade off flexibility against up-front benefit. NISA gives no income-tax deduction but lets you withdraw anytime with tax-free gains. iDeCo deducts your contributions from taxable income now — a real, immediate saving — but locks the money until age 60 and taxes withdrawals under separate (often favorable) rules. iDeCo contribution limits depend on whether you are self-employed, an employee with or without a corporate pension, etc.\nHow to sequence them\nA common approach is to use NISA first for its flexibility, then add iDeCo for the deduction if you are confident you will not need the money before 60 and expect to stay in Japan. If you might leave Japan, iDeCo’s lock-up and cross-border complexity weigh against it. There is no universal answer — match the choice to your time horizon and residency plans.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-vs-ideco","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities"],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan:en","entityId":"guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Choosing a brokerage in Japan","plainText":"Rakuten Securities and SBI Securities are the default low-cost choices for NISA and index funds; Monex is a common alternative, especially for US stocks.\nWhat to compare across Rakuten Securities, SBI Securities, and Monex.\nCompare fund fees, NISA/iDeCo support, and point integration.\nRakuten and SBI dominate on low-cost funds; Monex is strong on US stocks.\nEcosystem fit (bank, points) often decides between the top two.\nInterfaces are Japanese-first; verify current fees.\nWhat to compare\nFor most beginners the decision comes down to a handful of factors: the fund lineup and fees (all three offer major low-cost index funds), NISA and iDeCo support (all three have it), point-program integration, and how well the brokerage links to a bank you already use. Rakuten Securities pairs naturally with Rakuten Bank and points; SBI Securities offers the widest lineup and multiple point options; Monex is often chosen for US-stock access and research tools.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/choosing-a-brokerage-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:nisa-vs-ideco"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"rakuten-sec","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sbi-sec","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:japan-tax-residency-explained:en","entityId":"guide:japan-tax-residency-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan tax residency explained","plainText":"Japan taxes you by tax-residency category (separate from your visa): non-residents on Japan-source income, non-permanent residents also on remitted foreign income, permanent residents on worldwide income.\nNon-resident, non-permanent, and permanent resident — and what each is taxed on.\nTax residency ≠ immigration status.\nNon-permanent resident: under 5 of last 10 years in Japan, no permanent intent.\nRemitting foreign income to Japan can make it taxable for non-permanent residents.\nPermanent residents (for tax) are taxed on worldwide income.\nThe three categories\nFor income tax, Japan classifies individuals as non-residents, non-permanent residents, or permanent residents — a tax concept distinct from immigration “permanent residence.” Non-residents are taxed only on Japan-source income. Non-permanent residents (those who have had a domicile in Japan for five years or less within the last ten, without permanent intent) are taxed on Japan-source income plus foreign-source income paid in or remitted to Japan. Permanent residents for tax are taxed on worldwide income.\nWhy it matters\nYour category determines whether foreign salary, overseas investment income, or money you bring into Japan is taxable here. This is where many cross-border mistakes happen — for example, remitting overseas income to a Japanese account can create a tax liability for a non-permanent resident. When foreign income or assets are involved, confirm your status and obligations with the NTA or a licensed tax accountant (税理士).","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-tax-residency-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status","faq:remit-overseas-income"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","guide:furusato-nozei-explained"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:furusato-nozei-explained:en","entityId":"guide:furusato-nozei-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Furusato Nozei explained","plainText":"Furusato Nozei lets you donate to local governments for gifts while deducting almost the whole amount from your taxes — you effectively pay ¥2,000 for the gifts.\nHow the hometown-tax donation scheme turns resident tax into local gifts.\nDonations are deducted from resident and income tax, minus ¥2,000.\nYou receive local gifts (food, goods) in return.\nThere is an income- and family-based limit to the benefit.\nClaim via One-Stop Exception or a tax return.\nHow it works\nYou donate to any local government through a Furusato Nozei portal and often receive a “thank-you gift” (返礼品). Almost the entire donation is then deducted from your resident tax and income tax, so aside from a flat ¥2,000, you are redirecting tax you would pay anyway — and getting gifts for it. There is a limit to how much you can donate advantageously, set by your income and household situation, so use an official limit simulator before donating.\nClaiming the deduction\nTo get the deduction you must claim it. Salaried people donating to five or fewer municipalities can use the One-Stop Exception by submitting a form to each locality. Otherwise, or if you already file, report the donations on your tax return with the receipts. Miss the paperwork and you lose the deduction, turning it into an ordinary (expensive) purchase.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/furusato-nozei-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-furusato","faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-furusato","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Donations and the Furusato Nozei deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1155.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return:en","entityId":"guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do I need to file a tax return in Japan?","plainText":"Many employees are settled by year-end adjustment; you generally must file if you have side income over ¥200,000, multiple employers, self-employment, or want certain deductions.\nWhen year-end adjustment is enough and when you must file a 確定申告.\nYear-end adjustment (年末調整) settles most employees automatically.\nFile if side income >¥200,000, two employers, or self-employment.\nFile to claim medical, first-year mortgage, or donation deductions.\nFor 2025 income, the filing period was Feb 16–Mar 16, 2026, via e-Tax.\nWhen you probably do not need to file\nIf you are a single-employer salaried worker with taxes withheld and your employer completed your year-end adjustment (年末調整), your income tax is usually already settled and no return is needed. The year-end adjustment handles standard deductions and reconciles what was withheld.\nWhen you must (or should) file\nYou generally must file a 確定申告 if you have more than ¥200,000 of side income, two or more employers, self-employment or business income, or large investment/crypto gains not otherwise settled. You should also file — even when not required — to claim deductions like significant medical expenses, the first-year mortgage credit, or donations (including some Furusato Nozei cases). For 2025 income, filing ran February 16–March 16, 2026 through e-Tax, with records for each deduction. Check the NTA for the applicable year rather than reusing these dates.\nRecords, e-Tax, and when to get help\nKeep each employer’s withholding slip (源泉徴収票), My Number details, deduction certificates, donation or medical-expense records, and bank details for a refund. e-Tax is the NTA filing channel; resident tax is administered by your municipality and normally follows the income information reported nationally. Health-insurance premiums and pension contributions are separate social-insurance systems, not resident tax, even when they appear beside tax on a payslip.\nAsk a licensed tax accountant before filing if you have foreign income or assets, unclear residency, multiple countries, a business, crypto transactions, a notice from an authority, or cannot reconcile withholding. Ask your municipality about resident-tax billing and your employer, insurer, pension office, or Japan Pension Service about social-insurance and pension records.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file","faq:tax-crypto","faq:freelance-blue-return"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:furusato-nozei-explained","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-etax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"e-Tax National Tax Electronic Filing","url":"https://www.e-tax.nta.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-2025-return","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"2025 income tax return information","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/shinkoku/tokushu/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor:en","entityId":"guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Becoming a sole proprietor in Japan","plainText":"File a 開業届 with your tax office and the 青色申告 application at the same time; set up cloud accounting and reserve 20–35% of profit for taxes.\nThe 開業届, the blue return, and the money systems freelancers set up first.\nThe 開業届 registers you as a sole proprietor — free and quick.\nFile the blue-return application at the same time for the deduction.\nUse cloud accounting (freee, Money Forward) to keep books.\nReserve 20–35% of profit for tax, pension, and health insurance.\nThe setup steps\nRegister by filing a notification of business opening (開業届) with your local tax office, ideally within about a month of starting. At the same time, submit the blue-return application (青色申告承認申請書) to unlock a deduction of up to ¥650,000 and loss carry-forward. Consider a dedicated business bank account and card to keep records clean, and confirm your residence status permits self-employment.\nThe money systems to build\nBookkeeping is the ongoing work, and cloud tools like freee or Money Forward Cloud automate most of it by importing bank and card transactions and generating blue-return forms and e-Tax data. Because you pay your own income tax, resident tax, national pension, and national health insurance, many freelancers move 20–35% of each payment into a separate tax-reserve account so nothing is a surprise at filing time.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/becoming-a-sole-proprietor","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-open","faq:freelance-blue-return","faq:freelance-reserve","faq:freelance-health-insurance"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi"],"guides":["guide:invoice-system-explained"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-blue","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Blue Return System","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"immi-residence","publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","title":"Immigration Services Agency","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:invoice-system-explained:en","entityId":"guide:invoice-system-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"The invoice system (インボイス) explained","plainText":"Since October 2023, clients need a supplier’s T-number to claim consumption-tax credits; registering makes you a consumption-tax payer, so weigh it against your client base.\nWhat the qualified-invoice system means for small businesses and whether to register.\nThe system took effect October 1, 2023.\nA registered supplier issues invoices with a T-number.\nRegistering makes you a consumption-tax payer.\nWhether to register depends on who your clients are.\nWhat changed\nUnder the qualified invoice system, a business buyer can only claim a consumption-tax input credit if the invoice carries a registered supplier’s T-number. Previously, small suppliers under the tax-exempt threshold could still let buyers claim credits; now buyers face a shrinking transitional allowance for purchases from unregistered suppliers, stepping down over several years. That is why some clients now ask freelancers to register.\nShould you register?\nIt is a genuine trade-off. If your clients are businesses that need qualified invoices, not registering can cost you work or push you to absorb the tax. If your clients are consumers or tax-exempt small businesses, registering may simply add consumption-tax cost and paperwork for no benefit. Map your client base, estimate the consumption-tax cost of registering, and — if it is close — ask a tax accountant before deciding.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/invoice-system-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-invoice"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-invoice","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Qualified Invoice System","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan:en","entityId":"guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How freelancers are taxed in Japan","plainText":"A sole proprietor pays income tax (progressive, national), resident tax (~10%, billed the next year), plus National Pension and National Health Insurance — all on profit after expenses and deductions.\nThe four bills a sole proprietor pays — income tax, resident tax, pension, and health insurance — and how they connect.\nTax is on profit (revenue − expenses − deductions), not on revenue.\nIncome tax is progressive and national; resident tax is roughly 10% and lags a year.\nNational Pension is a flat monthly amount; National Health Insurance is income-based.\nThe blue return and pension-type deductions are your main levers to lower the base.\nThe four bills, and the base they share\nAlmost everything you owe is calculated from one number: your business profit, which is revenue minus necessary expenses. From that, personal deductions (the basic deduction, the blue-return special deduction, social-insurance premiums, small-business mutual aid, and iDeCo, among others) are subtracted to reach taxable income. National income tax is charged on that at progressive rates, and local resident tax adds roughly 10% on a similar base.\nThe two social-insurance bills sit alongside the taxes. National Pension is a flat monthly premium set each year; National Health Insurance is calculated by your municipality from your prior-year income. Because resident tax and health insurance both look back at last year, your bills lag your income — a strong year is followed by higher bills the next, which catches many first-year freelancers off guard.\nWhat actually lowers the bill\nThree levers do most of the work. First, claim every legitimate business expense with evidence. Second, file a blue return so you can take the special deduction (up to ¥650,000 with double-entry books and e-filing) and carry losses forward. Third, use deductible retirement and pension schemes built for the self-employed — small-business mutual aid, iDeCo, and the National Pension Fund — which cut taxable income while building your own safety net.\nSet aside a tax reserve from every payment rather than facing the total at filing. A common rule of thumb is 20–35% of profit across all four bills, rising as income grows because income tax is progressive. Confirm each year’s rates, brackets, and deduction amounts before filing — recent reforms have moved the basic deduction and the income thresholds, so last year’s numbers may be stale.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/freelancer-income-tax-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-what-taxes","faq:freelance-reserve","faq:freelance-health-insurance"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-blue","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Blue Return System","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-business-expenses","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Necessary business expenses","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan:en","entityId":"guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Blue vs white tax return in Japan","plainText":"The blue return rewards double-entry bookkeeping with a deduction of up to ¥650,000, loss carry-forward, and family-salary deductions; the white return is simpler but gives none of these.\nWhat the blue return gives you, what it asks in return, and when the simpler white return is fine.\nBlue return needs prior approval — file the 青色申告承認申請書 in time.\nThe ¥650,000 deduction needs double-entry books plus e-filing or e-books; otherwise it is ¥550,000 or ¥100,000.\nBlue filers can carry losses forward three years and deduct family salaries.\nThe white return needs simple records but offers no special deduction.\nWhat the blue return gives you\nThe headline is the special deduction: up to ¥650,000 subtracted from business income when you keep double-entry books and file electronically (or keep qualifying electronic books). Keep double-entry books but file on paper and it is ¥550,000; keep only simple single-entry books and it drops to ¥100,000. On top of the deduction, blue filers can carry a business loss forward for three years to offset future profit, and deduct salaries paid to family members who work in the business.\nApproval is not automatic. You must file the blue-return application (青色申告承認申請書) by the deadline — generally within two months of starting the business, or by March 15 to apply it to the current year. Miss it and you file white for that year and apply blue the next.\nWhen white is fine — and how software closes the gap\nThe white return still requires you to keep records and retain evidence, so the old idea that white means “no bookkeeping” is outdated. Given that, the extra discipline for blue is smaller than it looks, and the deduction usually more than pays for it once you have steady income. White can be reasonable for very small or winding-down activity where the deduction would be minimal.\nCloud accounting removes most of the friction: freee, Money Forward Cloud, and Yayoi generate double-entry books from imported bank and card data and produce the blue-return forms and e-Tax file. For most freelancers, choosing blue and letting software keep the books is the straightforward win.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/blue-vs-white-return-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-blue-return","faq:freelance-which-software"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi"],"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-blue","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Blue Return System","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-bookkeeping","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Bookkeeping and record retention","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2080.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:consumption-tax-freelancers-japan:en","entityId":"guide:consumption-tax-freelancers-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Consumption tax for freelancers in Japan","plainText":"You are normally exempt until taxable sales pass ¥10 million in the base period, but registering for the invoice system makes you a consumption-tax payer regardless — the simplified and 20% special methods can soften the cost.\nWhen you become a taxable business, how the invoice system overrides the exemption, and the simplified and 20% options.\nExempt while base-period (two years prior) taxable sales are ¥10 million or less.\nA specified-period test on the prior year’s first half can also make you taxable.\nInvoice-system registration makes you a taxable business even below ¥10 million.\nSimplified taxation and the 20% special measure can reduce what you calculate and pay.\nAre you a taxable business?\nThe default test looks back two years: if your taxable sales in the base period (for an individual, the year two years earlier) were ¥10 million or less, you are an exempt business and do not charge or remit consumption tax. A second “specified-period” test can pull you in earlier if sales — or wages you pay — in the first half of the prior year exceed ¥10 million. New sole proprietors are therefore usually exempt for their first couple of years unless they elect otherwise.\nThe invoice system changed the calculus. If you register as a qualified invoice issuer to get a T-number, you become a taxable business even if your sales are well under ¥10 million. So the real decision for most small freelancers is not the ¥10 million threshold — it is whether to register for the invoice system at all.\nSimplified and the 20% special measure\nIf you are taxable, you need not always compute tax on every purchase. Under simplified taxation (available by election when base-period sales are ¥50 million or less), you estimate deductible input tax from a fixed rate for your business category, which is far less work. Separately, a temporary “20% special measure” has let many newly registered small businesses pay just 20% of the tax on their sales, sharply reducing both cost and paperwork.\nThese measures are date-sensitive and being revised: the 20% special measure applies through the tax period covering the changeover in 2026, and the buyer-side transitional credit for purchases from unregistered suppliers steps down from 80% to 50% from October 2026. Because eligibility, elections, and end dates all turn on your specific year, confirm the current position with the NTA or a 税理士 before you rely on any of them.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/consumption-tax-freelancers-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-consumption-tax-when","faq:freelance-invoice"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:invoice-system-explained","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-consumption-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Consumption-tax liability for businesses","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-simplified-consumption","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Simplified consumption-tax system (簡易課税)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6505.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-invoice-2wari","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Reduced tax rate and invoice system, including small-business measures (2割特例)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-invoice","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Qualified Invoice System","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan:en","entityId":"guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Business expenses and deductions for freelancers","plainText":"Deduct costs that are genuinely for the business, keep the evidence, and split mixed personal-business costs (home, phone, car) on a reasonable, documented basis; larger equipment is depreciated over time.\nWhat counts as a necessary expense, how to split mixed personal-business costs, and how equipment is written off.\nOnly costs with a business purpose are deductible — keep receipts and note the purpose.\nMixed personal-business costs need a reasonable, repeatable allocation (家事按分).\nA home office is an area/usage split, not a blanket rent deduction.\nEquipment above the small-asset threshold is depreciated, not fully expensed at once.\nWhat counts, and proving it\nA necessary expense is a cost incurred to earn your business income: supplies, software subscriptions, professional fees, travel to clients, communication, and the like. The test is business purpose, and the burden is on you to show it, so keep receipts and invoices, retain electronic transaction data under the storage rules, and note why a cost was for the business when it is not obvious. Cloud accounting makes this easier by attaching imported transactions to categories, but it does not judge whether a cost is genuinely business-related — that is your call.\nFor costs that serve both your life and your work — home rent and utilities, a phone, a car — you deduct only the business share (家事按分). Use a reasonable, repeatable basis such as floor area for a home office or a usage-time ratio for a phone, write down the method, and apply it consistently. Revisit the split after a move or a change in how you work.\nEquipment and depreciation\nA cheap tool is expensed the year you buy it, but bigger purchases are spread over their useful life through depreciation rather than deducted all at once. There are special rules for smaller assets — including a threshold below which an item can be fully expensed, and a special allowance that lets blue-return filers immediately expense assets up to a higher per-item limit, subject to an annual cap. These thresholds and the useful-life tables are set by the NTA and change, so check the current figures before deciding how to book a laptop, camera, or desk.\nThe practical habit is simple: record what you bought, when, for how much, and its business-use ratio. Your accounting software will apply the depreciation schedule, but only if you enter the asset correctly and keep the purchase evidence.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/business-expenses-deductions-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-what-expenses","faq:freelance-blue-return"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi"],"guides":["guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-business-expenses","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Necessary business expenses","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-depreciation","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Depreciation and the small-asset expensing rules","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-bookkeeping","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Bookkeeping and record retention","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2080.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan:en","entityId":"guide:pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Pension and health insurance when self-employed","plainText":"Sole proprietors enroll in the National Pension (a flat monthly premium) and National Health Insurance (income-based, billed by your municipality), pay both in full themselves, and can add optional layers to raise future benefits.\nThe National Pension and National Health Insurance you pay yourself, and the optional layers that close the gaps.\nNo employer split — you pay 100% of both premiums.\nNational Pension is a flat monthly amount reset each fiscal year.\nNational Health Insurance is income-based and set by your municipality.\nOptional add-ons (fixed-amount extra pension, National Pension Fund, iDeCo) raise future benefits.\nThe two systems you join\nLeaving employment for self-employment usually means switching from employees’ pension and health insurance to the National Pension (国民年金) and National Health Insurance (国民健康保険). The National Pension is a flat monthly premium — set at ¥17,920 per month for fiscal 2026 — the same for everyone regardless of income, with prepayment discounts and a low-income exemption/deferral process. National Health Insurance is different: your municipality calculates the premium from your prior-year income, so it rises after a strong year and is capped at an annual maximum.\nBoth switches are your responsibility and are time-sensitive. When you leave a job you generally have a short window to enroll in National Health Insurance (or continue your former plan for up to two years), and you register the pension category change at your municipal office. Missing these can create gaps or back-bills.\nClosing the coverage gaps\nSelf-employment trades an employer’s contribution for control, but it leaves real gaps: a lower future pension than an employee earns, and no built-in sick-pay for many. You can raise the pension floor cheaply with the fixed-amount extra pension (付加年金), and add the National Pension Fund (国民年金基金) or iDeCo for a larger, tax-deductible top-up. For lost income during illness, income-protection insurance or a cash buffer takes the place of employees’ injury-and-sickness allowance.\nTwo rules make this efficient: premiums for National Pension and National Health Insurance are deductible as social-insurance premiums, and the retirement/pension schemes above are separately deductible. So the money you move into your own safety net also lowers this year’s tax — which is why the companion guide treats the self-employed retirement toolkit as one plan.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-health-insurance","faq:freelance-retirement-toolkit"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nenkin-kokumin","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"National Pension premiums","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/kokunen/hokenryo/hokenryo.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jps-international","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Japan Pension Service — international pages","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-insurance","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)","title":"Health and public insurance information","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan:en","entityId":"guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"The self-employed retirement toolkit in Japan","plainText":"Self-employed savers can stack deductible schemes — small-business mutual aid (up to ¥840,000/yr), iDeCo with the National Pension Fund (up to ¥816,000/yr combined), and the low-cost extra pension — to build a retirement while cutting taxable income.\nSmall-business mutual aid, iDeCo, the National Pension Fund, and the extra pension — how the deductible schemes fit together.\nSmall-business mutual aid: ¥1,000–70,000/month, fully deductible, a self-made severance fund.\niDeCo for the self-employed: up to ¥68,000/month, combined with the National Pension Fund.\nThe extra pension (付加年金) is a cheap way to raise the state pension floor.\nAll are income-deductible, so they cut this year’s tax as they build your future.\nThree deductible layers\nBecause the self-employed have a thinner public pension than employees, Japan offers schemes built to close the gap — and each reduces taxable income. Small-business mutual aid (小規模企業共済), run for small proprietors, lets you contribute ¥1,000–70,000 a month (up to ¥840,000 a year), fully deductible, and pays out as a lump sum or pension when you close or retire the business — effectively your own severance fund. iDeCo, the individual defined-contribution pension, lets the self-employed contribute up to ¥68,000 a month, and that ceiling is shared with the National Pension Fund (国民年金基金), so you split one budget between them. The extra pension (付加年金) adds a small fixed amount to your monthly National Pension premium to raise your lifelong state pension cheaply.\nContributions to all of these are deducted from income (as small-business mutual aid premiums, iDeCo/pension-fund premiums, or social-insurance premiums), so a yen saved for later is also a yen off this year’s taxable base — a rare double benefit.\nA sensible order — and one caution\nA common sequence is: first make sure the mandatory National Pension is paid (add the cheap extra pension), then use small-business mutual aid for flexible, deductible saving you can borrow against and unwind if the business closes, then iDeCo for long-horizon retirement money you accept is locked until age 60. Fit the amounts to cash flow — these are commitments, and small-business mutual aid can penalize very early voluntary exits, while iDeCo is locked by design.\nOne caution worth flagging: the tax treatment of lump-sum payouts depends on timing rules that interact across iDeCo, mutual aid, and any severance, and those rules have been tightened. If you expect large lump sums, plan the order and years of withdrawal with a professional so the retirement-income deduction is not reduced by overlap.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-retirement-toolkit","faq:freelance-health-insurance"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"smrj-kyosai","publisher":"Organization for SME and Regional Innovation (SMRJ)","title":"Small Enterprise Mutual Aid (小規模企業共済)","url":"https://www.smrj.go.jp/kyosai/skyosai/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"ideco-official-freelance","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association (iDeCo)","title":"iDeCo official guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"kokumin-nenkin-kikin","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"National Pension Fund (国民年金基金)","url":"https://www.npfa.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nenkin-kokumin","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"National Pension premiums","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/kokunen/hokenryo/hokenryo.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:side-business-tax-japan:en","entityId":"guide:side-business-tax-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Side-business tax while employed in Japan","plainText":"Employees with side income may need to file even under the often-cited ¥200,000 line, and whether that income is business or miscellaneous turns mainly on whether you run it like a business and keep books.\nWhen side income needs a return, the ¥200,000 rule’s real meaning, and business vs miscellaneous income.\nThe ¥200,000 figure is a filing-obligation rule for some employees, not a tax-free allowance.\nEven under it, a resident-tax declaration to your municipality can still be required.\nBusiness vs miscellaneous income hinges on business-like activity and bookkeeping.\nBusiness income unlocks the blue return and loss offset; miscellaneous income does not.\nDo you even need to file?\nA widely repeated rule says employees need not file an income-tax return if their side income is ¥200,000 or less. It is real but narrow: it concerns the national income-tax filing obligation for certain employees whose main job is settled by year-end adjustment, and it is not a tax-free allowance. Even when it applies, your municipality may still require a separate resident-tax declaration on that income — so “under ¥200,000, do nothing” is often wrong.\nIf your side income is larger, or you have two employers, or you want to claim deductions like medical expenses or a first-year mortgage credit, you file a 確定申告 that includes the side income. When in doubt, filing is the safe default; the resident-tax side in particular is easy to overlook.\nBusiness income or miscellaneous income?\nHow side income is categorized matters a lot. Business income (事業所得) can use the blue return, its up-to-¥650,000 deduction, and loss offset against other income; miscellaneous income (雑所得) cannot. Following the NTA’s clarification, the deciding factor is whether the activity is run as a business by social norms — continuity, scale, effort, and above all keeping proper books and evidence. Records generally point to business income; their absence, or very small casual revenue, points to miscellaneous.\nSo if you intend your side work to be a real business, treat it like one from the start: file the opening notification and blue-return application, keep double-entry books in accounting software, and retain contracts and receipts. That both supports business-income treatment and prepares you to go fully independent later.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/side-business-tax-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-side-business","faq:freelance-open"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-income-vs-misc","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"How business income is taxed (事業所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1350.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:getting-paid-invoicing-japan:en","entityId":"guide:getting-paid-invoicing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Getting paid: invoicing and withholding","plainText":"Issue a clear invoice (with your T-number if registered), expect certain professional fees to arrive with about 10% withheld at source, and credit that withholding when you file so it is not double-counted.\nHow to bill clients, why some payments arrive short (withholding at source), and how to keep cash flow steady.\nA proper invoice lists the work, amount, tax, payment terms, and — if registered — your T-number.\nCertain fees to individuals (writing, design, lectures) are withheld at about 10.21% at source.\nWithheld tax is a prepayment — credit it on your return or it is money left behind.\nManage timing: keep a buffer for late payers and staggered client terms.\nBilling clients well\nA good invoice removes friction and gets you paid faster: identify yourself and the client, describe the work, show the amount and consumption tax, state the due date and bank details, and — if you have registered for the invoice system — include your T-number so business clients can claim their input credit. Invoicing tools such as MakeLeaps, Misoca, and board generate compliant invoices, track paid/unpaid status, and store copies for you; some are English-friendly, which helps when billing overseas clients.\nKeep your own copy and reconcile it against the deposit. If you are registered for consumption tax, the qualified-invoice format has specific required fields, so use a tool or template that already meets them rather than a plain document.\nWhy some payments arrive short\nFor certain categories of fees paid to individuals — writing, design, translation, lectures, and some professional services — the paying company must withhold income tax at source, roughly 10.21%, and remit it to the tax office on your behalf. So a ¥100,000 fee can land as about ¥89,790. This is not a loss: it is a prepayment of your income tax. When you file, you total the tax already withheld (shown on the client’s payment record) and subtract it from what you owe, often producing a refund.\nTwo practical points follow. Track withholding per client so your return credits all of it — leaving it out means paying twice. And plan cash flow around it: the timing of invoices, withholding, consumption tax, and late payers all move real money, so keep a buffer and, if slow payers threaten your runway, services that advance invoice cash exist (at a cost) for freelancers.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/getting-paid-invoicing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-withholding","faq:freelance-invoice"],"products":["product:makeleaps","product:misoca","product:board","product:freenance"],"guides":["guide:invoice-system-explained","guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-withholding","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Withholding at source on certain fees paid to individuals","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-invoice","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Qualified Invoice System","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan:en","entityId":"guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Choosing accounting software as a freelancer","plainText":"freee suits beginners who want guided, question-based bookkeeping; Money Forward Cloud suits those who want flexibility and integrations; Yayoi is the long-established option with strong professional familiarity — compare current plans and features, not just brand.\nHow freee, Money Forward Cloud, and Yayoi differ, and how to match one to how you work.\nAll three import bank/card data, keep double-entry books, and output blue-return forms and e-Tax data.\nfreee is guided and beginner-friendly; Money Forward Cloud is flexible and integration-rich.\nYayoi has the longest track record and the widest tax-professional familiarity.\nCompare at the plan level — features and support differ by tier, and interfaces are Japanese-only.\nHow the three differ\nThe big three cloud tools do the same core job — connect to your bank and cards, categorize transactions into double-entry books, and produce the blue-return documents and e-Tax file — so the difference is in approach. freee is built around guided, question-based workflows that hide accounting jargon, which many first-time filers find the least intimidating. Money Forward Cloud exposes more of the bookkeeping and offers extensive integrations, which suits people who want flexibility or expect to grow. Yayoi is the veteran brand with desktop and cloud options and the deepest familiarity among tax accountants, so handing off to a professional later can be smoother.\nNone of them offer an English interface, so budget for some Japanese or a bilingual helper. Because the guided-versus-flexible trade-off is the real choice, try the workflow — most offer a trial — rather than deciding on brand or a headline price alone.\nMatching one to how you work\nStart from your situation. If this is your first filing and accounting feels foreign, the guided path lowers the chance of mistakes. If you juggle many income sources, need integrations with payment or invoicing tools, or expect to incorporate, favor flexibility. If you already work with a tax accountant, ask which tool they support best — professional compatibility can outweigh small feature gaps.\nWhatever you pick, the value comes from consistent use: connect accounts once, reconcile monthly, and attach evidence as you go, so filing season is a review rather than a scramble. See the side-by-side comparison and the head-to-head write-ups on the main Freelance & business page to weigh specific pairs.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/choosing-accounting-software-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-which-software","faq:freelance-blue-return"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi"],"guides":["guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","guide:getting-paid-invoicing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"freee","publisher":"freee","title":"freee accounting","url":"https://www.freee.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mf-cloud","publisher":"Money Forward","title":"Money Forward Cloud","url":"https://biz.moneyforward.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"yayoi","publisher":"Yayoi","title":"Yayoi accounting software","url":"https://www.yayoi-kk.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan:en","entityId":"guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sole proprietor vs company: when to incorporate","plainText":"Incorporating can cut tax at higher profits and add credibility and liability protection, but adds fixed costs, paperwork, and social-insurance obligations — most people incorporate once stable profit, client requirements, or growth plans justify the overhead.\nThe real trade-offs between staying a sole proprietor and forming a company, and the signals that tip the balance.\nA sole proprietor is simplest and cheapest to run; a company adds structure and cost.\nCorporate tax rates can beat top personal rates once profit is high and sustained.\nCompanies offer limited liability, easier hiring, and more client credibility.\nThe switch adds fixed costs, mandatory social insurance, and usually a tax accountant.\nThe core trade-off\nA sole proprietorship is the lightweight default: near-zero setup, simple filing, and full control. A company (法人) is a separate legal person, which brings three things people incorporate for — potential tax efficiency at higher profit, because corporate rates top out well below the highest personal income-tax rates; limited liability, separating business risk from personal assets; and credibility, since some clients prefer or require billing a company. Against that sit real costs: incorporation fees, annual local taxes even in a loss year, mandatory enrollment in employees’ social insurance, more complex accounting, and, for almost everyone, a tax accountant.\nThere is no single magic number, but the tipping point is usually a combination: profit that is high and stable enough that the tax gap outweighs the fixed overhead, plus a non-tax reason such as hiring, raising money, signing bigger contracts, or clients that will only deal with companies.\nSignals it may be time\nWatch for concrete signals rather than a round revenue figure. Your profit has been comfortably into the higher personal-tax brackets for a while; consumption tax is now unavoidable and a company’s two-year exemption window could help timing; you want to pay yourself a salary and split income across a household; you are hiring staff; or a major client insists on contracting with a company. Any one of these can justify the move; several together make it clear.\nIf the signals are there, model it properly before filing paperwork. A tax accountant can compare your specific tax and social-insurance outcome as a proprietor versus a company, and incorporation services from freee and Money Forward can prepare the documents once you have decided. The companion guide on company types then helps you choose between a GK and a KK.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-incorporate-when","faq:freelance-kk-vs-gk"],"products":["product:freee-kaisha-setup","product:mf-kaisha-setup","product:zeirishi-dot-com"],"guides":["guide:types-of-company-japan","guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"moj-commercial-registration","publisher":"Ministry of Justice / Legal Affairs Bureau","title":"Commercial and corporate registration","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/houjintouki.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"meti-startup","publisher":"Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry","title":"Business start-up and new-business policy","url":"https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/newbusiness/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:types-of-company-japan:en","entityId":"guide:types-of-company-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Company types in Japan: KK vs GK and others","plainText":"A godo-kaisha (GK, LLC-like) is cheaper and simpler to form and run; a kabushiki-kaisha (KK) costs more but carries the highest recognition and can issue shares — most solo founders start with a GK unless clients or fundraising demand a KK.\nThe practical difference between a kabushiki-kaisha and a godo-kaisha, and why most small founders choose one of the two.\nGK and KK both give limited liability and separate legal personality.\nA GK is cheaper to form — no articles-notarization fee and lower registration tax.\nA KK has the strongest public recognition and can raise capital by issuing shares.\nYou can start as a GK and convert to a KK later as needs grow.\nGK vs KK in practice\nTwo forms dominate for small businesses. A kabushiki-kaisha (株式会社, KK) is the familiar “company”: highest recognition, able to issue shares to raise capital, and expected by some clients and investors — but it costs more to set up (it requires notarized articles of incorporation and a higher registration tax) and carries governance formalities. A godo-kaisha (合同会社, GK), modeled on the LLC, gives the same limited liability and legal personality with a cheaper, simpler formation — no articles-notarization fee and a lower registration tax — and flexible internal governance. Well-known Japanese arms of global firms operate as GKs, so the form is credible, but general public recognition still favors the KK.\nOlder forms — the gomei-kaisha and goshi-kaisha — expose members to unlimited or mixed liability and are rare choices for new businesses. For most solo founders and small teams, the real decision is GK versus KK.\nChoosing, and keeping the door open\nPick the GK if cost and simplicity matter most and you do not need outside share capital or maximum brand recognition — it is the common choice for freelancers formalizing a solo business. Pick the KK if you expect to raise investment, want the strongest credibility with enterprise clients, or foresee bringing in shareholders. If you are unsure, note that a GK can be converted into a KK later, so starting lean and upgrading when the need is concrete is a reasonable path.\nWhichever you choose, the setup is a legal-registration process at the Legal Affairs Bureau plus tax-office notifications, and incorporation services or a judicial scrivener can handle the paperwork. Because fees, capital, and governance rules are set by law and periodically change, confirm the current amounts and requirements before filing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/types-of-company-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-kk-vs-gk","faq:freelance-incorporate-when"],"products":["product:freee-kaisha-setup","product:mf-kaisha-setup"],"guides":["guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","guide:business-visa-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"moj-commercial-registration","publisher":"Ministry of Justice / Legal Affairs Bureau","title":"Commercial and corporate registration","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/houjintouki.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"meti-startup","publisher":"Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry","title":"Business start-up and new-business policy","url":"https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/newbusiness/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:hiring-family-outsourcing-japan:en","entityId":"guide:hiring-family-outsourcing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Paying family and outsourcing work","plainText":"Blue-return filers can deduct a reasonable salary to a family member who works exclusively in the business (with a filed notification), and once you pay staff or certain fees you take on withholding and payment duties as the payer.\nHow blue-return family salaries work, and your withholding duties when you pay contractors and staff.\nA family “専従者” salary is deductible for blue filers if it is reasonable and notified in advance.\nThe family member must work exclusively in the business, and the salary is their taxable income.\nPaying staff or certain professional fees makes you a withholding agent.\nEmployees trigger labor-insurance and, at scale, social-insurance obligations.\nPaying a family member\nNormally you cannot deduct wages paid to your spouse or relatives, but the blue return has an exception: a salary to a family employee who works exclusively in your business (青色事業専従者) is deductible, provided you file the required notification in advance and the amount is reasonable for the work done. This can shift income within a household to lower overall tax — but the salary becomes the family member’s own taxable income, and the “exclusively working in the business” condition is real, so a token salary to someone with a separate full-time job will not stand.\nKeep it defensible: file the notice on time, pay an amount consistent with the duties and market rates, actually pay it, and keep records. Overstated family salaries are a common audit target.\nWhen you pay contractors and staff\nOnce you pay others, you take on the payer’s duties. If you hire employees, you generally must withhold their income tax, handle their year-end adjustment, and enroll them in labor insurance (workers’ comp and, where applicable, employment insurance); at a certain size, employees’ health and pension insurance applies too. Even without employees, paying certain professional fees to individuals — the same categories that are withheld from your own invoices — can make you the one who must withhold and remit.\nFor pure outsourcing to another business or freelancer, you usually just pay the invoice, but keep the contract and records, and remember the invoice system: to claim input credits you need qualified invoices from registered suppliers. If payroll or withholding gets complex, this is a natural point to bring in a tax accountant or payroll software.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/hiring-family-outsourcing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-family-salary","faq:freelance-withholding"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","guide:getting-paid-invoicing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-family-employee","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Salaries paid to family employees (専従者給与)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2075.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-withholding","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Withholding at source on certain fees paid to individuals","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:subsidies-grants-small-business-japan:en","entityId":"guide:subsidies-grants-small-business-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Subsidies and grants for small business","plainText":"Japan offers subsidies (hojokin, competitive, capped, reimbursed after you spend) and grants (joseikin, rule-based, often labor-related); find them on official portals, and plan cash flow because most pay out only after approval and spending.\nThe difference between hojokin and joseikin, where to find them, and how the reimbursement model works.\nHojokin (subsidies) are competitive, capped, and usually reimbursed after you spend.\nJoseikin (grants) are typically rule-based and often tied to employment/labor measures.\nOfficial portals like jGrants and the SME Agency list current programs.\nMost pay after approval and spending — budget the cash-flow gap and keep evidence.\nTwo kinds of support\nPublic support for small businesses splits roughly into two. Subsidies (補助金), often from the SME Agency and ministries, target specific goals — equipment, IT adoption, sustaining or restructuring a small business — and are competitive: you apply with a plan, there is a cap and a co-payment share, and only some applicants are selected. Grants (助成金), often from the labor ministry, tend to be rule-based: meet the conditions (frequently around hiring, training, or improving working conditions) and you receive the set amount. The vocabulary is not perfectly consistent, so read each program’s own rules rather than the label.\nBoth usually reimburse after the fact. You are typically approved, then spend, then report with evidence, then receive the money — sometimes months later — so they reward businesses that can front the cost and document it carefully.\nFinding and using them well\nStart with official sources rather than aggregators: the jGrants portal lets you search and apply for many national subsidies online, the SME Agency publishes current programs, and your local government and chamber of commerce often run their own. Support centers such as Yorozu and the chambers can help you scope an application. Because programs open and close in rounds and change every year, check dates and current terms directly before building plans around them.\nTreat a subsidy as a boost to a plan you would pursue anyway, not a reason to spend. Read eligibility and reporting duties up front, keep every quote, invoice, and proof of payment, and factor the reimbursement lag into cash flow. Misused or unreported funds can have to be returned, so the documentation discipline is part of the deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/subsidies-grants-small-business-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-subsidies","faq:freelance-incorporate-when"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"jgrants","publisher":"Digital Agency / SME Agency","title":"jGrants subsidy application portal","url":"https://www.jgrants-portal.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"smea-guide","publisher":"SME Agency (METI)","title":"Small and Medium Enterprise Agency","url":"https://www.chusho.meti.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"meti-startup","publisher":"Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry","title":"Business start-up and new-business policy","url":"https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/newbusiness/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:business-visa-japan:en","entityId":"guide:business-visa-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Working for yourself and your visa status","plainText":"Whether you can freelance or run a company depends on your residence status: permanent residents and some family/spouse statuses have broad freedom, work visas are tied to activities, and running a company usually points to the Business Manager status — check before you start.\nWhether your residence status allows self-employment, and what the Business Manager visa requires.\nResidence status, not desire, decides whether self-employment is allowed.\nPermanent resident and certain spouse/family statuses allow broad self-employment.\nActivity-based work visas may not cover independent business without a change.\nRunning a company typically requires the Business Manager status and its conditions.\nCan your status support self-employment?\nImmigration status sets the outer limit of what you may do for money. Permanent residents, and holders of statuses like spouse of a Japanese national or long-term resident, generally have broad freedom to freelance or start a business. Activity-based work visas (for example engineer/specialist-in-humanities) authorize specific employment, and independent freelancing or running your own company may fall outside them without a status change or permission. Students and dependents work only within their permitted-activity limits. The safe move is to confirm your specific status before you invoice anyone.\nThis is separate from tax registration: filing an opening notification with the tax office does not grant immigration permission, and vice versa. Both have to line up.\nThe Business Manager route\nIf you intend to run a company in Japan, the Business Manager (経営・管理) status is the usual path. It expects a genuine business: a physical office, a substantive business plan, and a capital or scale requirement that has historically centered on the order of several million yen (with rules under review and periodically tightened). It is granted for managing a real enterprise, not as a shortcut to residence, and renewals look at whether the business is actually operating.\nBecause the criteria are detailed, changing, and consequential, this is an area to get right with professionals — an immigration lawyer (行政書士/弁護士) for the status and a tax accountant for the company. Treat online summaries, including this one, as orientation only, and confirm current requirements with the Immigration Services Agency before committing money or time.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/business-visa-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-visa","faq:freelance-incorporate-when"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","guide:types-of-company-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"immi-business-manager","publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","title":"Business Manager residence status","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/applications/status/businessmanager.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"immi-residence","publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","title":"Immigration Services Agency","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Public vs private insurance in Japan","plainText":"Public health insurance caps most bills near 30% and the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit limits monthly costs — buy private cover only for a specific gap you cannot self-fund.\nWhat public cover already provides, and how to decide if you need more.\nPublic health insurance covers most bills at ~70%.\nHigh-Cost Medical Expense Benefit caps monthly out-of-pocket by income.\nPublic pension includes disability and survivor benefits.\nBuy private cover to fill a gap, not out of general worry.\nWhat public cover already provides\nEnrollment in health insurance is mandatory, and it caps most medical costs at around 30% out-of-pocket. On top of that, the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit (高額療養費) limits your monthly out-of-pocket by income bracket, so even a serious illness has a financial ceiling. Public pension is not just for retirement — it also pays disability and survivor benefits. Understanding this prevents over-buying private products sold on fear.\nDeciding if you need more\nAsk three questions: what gap remains after public cover, how large is the loss you truly cannot self-fund, and does the premium justify closing that gap. The clearest wins are term life insurance when dependents rely on your income, and cheap personal-liability cover (bicycle liability is now mandatory in many prefectures). Medical or cancer add-ons are optional comfort for many — decide by the specific gap, and always read exclusions and alternatives.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/public-vs-private-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":["faq:insurance-public-enough","faq:insurance-high-cost","faq:insurance-life-needed"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-insurance","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)","title":"Health and public insurance information","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"caa-insurance","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Insurance business supervision","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/hoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do you need life insurance in Japan?","plainText":"Life insurance mainly makes sense if someone depends on your income; when it does, term life is usually the cost-efficient choice.\nWhen life insurance is worth it, and term vs whole life.\nNeed is driven by dependents, not age.\nTerm life is cheap for a set period; whole life bundles savings at higher cost.\nPublic pension pays survivor benefits — factor them in.\nMatch the sum insured to the gap your family would face.\nWhen it is needed\nLife insurance replaces income for people who depend on you — a non-working partner, children, or family carrying shared debt like a mortgage. If no one relies on your income, you usually do not need it. Before choosing a sum insured, subtract what public survivor benefits and existing savings would already provide, and insure the remaining gap rather than a round number.\nTerm vs whole life\nTerm life (定期保険) covers a defined period for a low premium and is usually the efficient way to protect dependents while they need it. Whole life (終身保険) bundles a savings/cash-value element and costs much more for the same death benefit; mixing insurance and investing this way is often less efficient than buying cheap term cover and investing the difference separately. Decide based on the protection you need, not the savings pitch.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":["faq:insurance-life-needed","faq:insurance-public-enough"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-insurance","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)","title":"Health and public insurance information","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-eligibility-foreigners:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage eligibility for foreign residents","plainText":"Permanent residency strongly helps; without it expect stricter terms or a larger down payment, though Flat 35 is often accessible without PR.\nHow permanent residency, income, and Flat 35 affect your chances.\nMany banks prefer or require permanent residency.\nWithout PR: larger down payment, a guarantor, or Flat 35.\nStable long-term employment and income are decisive.\nCheck your CIC/JICC credit record before applying.\nWhat lenders weigh\nBanks assess stable employment, income, age, and — heavily — permanent residency. With PR, foreign residents are often treated much like Japanese applicants. Without PR, some banks decline, others require a larger down payment or a Japanese-national/PR guarantor (often a spouse). Flat 35, offered via the Japan Housing Finance Agency through partner lenders, is more rules-based and does not always require PR, which makes it a common route for non-PR buyers.\nHow to prepare\nBefore applying, gather proof of stable income and employment, and check your own credit record at CIC and JICC to catch problems like a forgotten missed payment. Compare several lenders, because terms for non-PR applicants vary widely, and factor in closing costs of roughly 6–10% of the price on top of the down payment.\nRoutes without permanent residence\nWithout PR, do not assume a mortgage is impossible — map the specialist routes instead. A practical sequence is an employer or developer partner bank, then PRESTIA (English support, up to ¥500 million, no guarantee fee, purchase and refinance), Tokyo Star Bank (a Star Mortgage expressly for foreign nationals without PR), Suruga Bank (a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents), a regional or relationship bank, and a Flat 35 provider if you meet the nationality and residence conditions. A non-permanent resident with a Japanese spouse or guarantor may be considered by more banks than one without, but a spouse never replaces the credit and affordability review. Weigh the non-PR premium against the cost and uncertainty of waiting for permanent residence and refinancing later, and confirm the exact PR rule, down-payment expectation, and language requirement with each lender before assuming you qualify.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","faq:loan-credit-record","faq:loan-pr-mandatory","faq:loan-english-support"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:rent-vs-buy-japan","guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"tokyostar-mortgage","publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","title":"Star Mortgage housing loan","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:rent-vs-buy-japan:en","entityId":"guide:rent-vs-buy-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rent vs buy in Japan","plainText":"It depends on how long you will stay, job stability, and the property; many Japanese homes depreciate, so treat a home as shelter first, investment second.\nWhy buying is not automatic wealth-building, and how to frame the decision.\nLength of stay and job stability drive the decision.\nMany Japanese homes depreciate; resale can be slow.\nRenting preserves flexibility if you may move or leave.\nModel total cost and resale risk, not just monthly payment.\nThe honest frame\nIn some countries buying almost always builds wealth; in Japan it is more nuanced. Many homes — especially older wooden houses — depreciate over time, and resale liquidity varies sharply by location, so a purchase is not automatically an investment win. The land component and prime-area properties behave differently. Renting keeps you flexible, which matters a lot if your job or country of residence might change.\nHow to decide\nBuying can make sense for long-term residents who value stability, have permanent residency or Flat 35 access, and have modeled the full picture: down payment, closing costs (6–10%), maintenance and management fees, property tax, interest-rate risk, and realistic resale value. If you might leave Japan within a handful of years, renting usually wins on flexibility and cost certainty. Decide on your own numbers, not a sales narrative.\nModel scenarios, not one answer\nRather than trusting a single break-even figure, run several scenarios: pessimistic, central, and optimistic resale; zero appreciation; a major repair; and an early sale after three or five years. On the renting side, model the monthly rent, renewal fees, any deposit loss, and rent inflation; on the buying side, model the purchase costs, the mortgage, ongoing ownership expenses, the resale price, selling costs, tax effects, and the investment return on the cash you did not spend. Buying tends to win only when the likely holding period is long enough to absorb the 6–10% transaction cost and the property is liquid enough to sell without a large discount — so decide on holding period and cash strength first, then let the numbers, not a sales narrative, settle it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/rent-vs-buy-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-rent-vs-buy","faq:loan-closing-costs","faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-homes-depreciate"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","guide:rent-vs-buy-japan-guide","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-land","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT)","title":"Land price and real-estate transaction information","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_tk5_000085.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money:en","entityId":"guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"The cheapest way to send money abroad from Japan","plainText":"Compare the final recipient amount against the mid-market rate; specialist services like Wise and Revolut usually beat bank wires for personal transfers.\nWhy the exchange-rate markup matters more than the fee, and how to compare.\nThe exchange-rate markup usually costs more than the visible fee.\nCompare the recipient amount, not the advertised fee.\nWise uses the mid-market rate; Revolut suits multi-currency use.\nBank wires can hide SWIFT and intermediary-bank charges.\nWhere the cost hides\nThe advertised transfer fee is often the smaller cost. The bigger one is the exchange-rate markup: the gap between the rate you are given and the true mid-market rate, which is invisible unless you compare against a reference rate. Traditional bank wires can also deduct SWIFT and intermediary-bank fees along the route. The only reliable way to judge cost is the amount the recipient actually receives.\nWhat tends to be cheapest\nFor most personal transfers, Wise (which shows the mid-market rate with a transparent fee) or Revolut (a multi-currency account with FX allowances) beats a bank wire. The best choice still depends on amount, currency, and destination, so run the specific transfer through a couple of providers and compare recipient amounts. For very large transfers, also check limits and any reporting requirements.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/cheapest-way-to-send-money","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":["faq:remit-cheapest","faq:remit-hidden-fees","faq:remit-large-transfer"],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:receiving-money-from-abroad"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","title":"Payment and Settlement Systems","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:receiving-money-from-abroad:en","entityId":"guide:receiving-money-from-abroad","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Receiving money from abroad in Japan","plainText":"Specialist services can deliver more than a bank wire; whether incoming money is taxable depends on whether it is income and your tax residency.\nHow to receive foreign funds cheaply and when tax or reporting applies.\nCompare providers on the amount that lands in your account.\nReceiving your own savings differs from receiving income.\nNon-permanent residents can be taxed on remitted foreign income.\nLarge amounts may require source-of-funds documentation.\nReceiving cheaply\nThe same markup logic applies on the way in: a specialist service or multi-currency account often delivers more yen than a traditional inbound wire, which can lose value to FX markup and intermediary fees. Compare what actually lands in your Japanese account. Keep records of what each transfer is (savings, salary, gift), because that classification matters for tax.\nTax and reporting\nWhether incoming money is taxable depends on what it is and your tax-residency category. Moving your own existing savings is generally not income; receiving foreign salary or business income can be. For non-permanent residents, remitting foreign-source income to Japan can make it taxable. Gifts and inheritances have separate rules. Large transfers may prompt source-of-funds questions. When foreign income is involved, confirm with the NTA or a tax accountant.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/receiving-money-from-abroad","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":["faq:remit-overseas-income","faq:remit-multicurrency","faq:remit-large-transfer"],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","title":"Payment and Settlement Systems","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem:en","entityId":"guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Choosing a point ecosystem in Japan","plainText":"Pick the one ecosystem that matches your bank, card, and phone; concentrating beats spreading thin, and most points are worth about ¥1.\nHow to concentrate on one ecosystem and value points realistically.\nConcentrate on one ecosystem that fits your spending.\nMost points ≈ ¥1; expiry and store-locking reduce value.\nPayPay/Rakuten Pay capture everyday spending fastest.\nNever spend more just to earn points.\nConcentrate, do not collect\nJapan’s big ecosystems — Rakuten, PayPay, d POINT, V POINT — each link a card, payment app, shopping, and often a phone plan. Bonuses stack when these align, so the winning move is to pick the one that matches where you already bank, shop, and pay your phone bill, then route spending through it. Spreading across several ecosystems dilutes the compounding and leaves small, expiry-prone balances everywhere.\nValue points honestly\nTreat most major points as worth about ¥1 each when spent on everyday purchases. Discount points that are store-locked or close to expiry, and be skeptical of valuations that assume perfect airline-mile redemptions. Most importantly, points are a modest, tax-free discount on spending you would do anyway — they are never a reason to spend more or open products you do not need.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/choosing-a-point-ecosystem","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-which-ecosystem","faq:points-value","faq:points-expiry","faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":[]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","title":"Payment and Settlement Systems","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:crypto-tax-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:crypto-tax-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Crypto tax in Japan","plainText":"Crypto gains are miscellaneous income taxed at your marginal rate (up to ~55% with resident tax); every disposal — including crypto-to-crypto — is taxable.\nWhy crypto is taxed heavily and what counts as a taxable event.\nGains are miscellaneous income, not the ~20% stock rate.\nCombined top rate can reach roughly 55%.\nSelling, swapping, and spending crypto are all taxable.\nKeep detailed records of every transaction.\nHow crypto is taxed\nIn Japan, crypto profits are treated as miscellaneous income (雑所得) and taxed at your marginal income-tax rate plus resident tax — combined this can reach roughly 55% at the top brackets, far above the roughly 20% flat rate that applies to listed stocks. There is no special low rate for crypto and no NISA-style shelter. This tax treatment is often the single biggest reason to be cautious.\nWhat counts as a taxable event\nA taxable event is any disposal: selling crypto for yen, swapping one crypto for another, and spending crypto on goods or services all realize a gain or loss measured in yen at the time. Because each event needs a cost basis and yen valuation, you must keep detailed records — dates, amounts, yen values, and fees — and many people use crypto tax-calculation tools. For active trading, a tax accountant is worthwhile.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/crypto/crypto-tax-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:crypto"],"faqs":["faq:crypto-tax","faq:crypto-record"],"products":["product:bitflyer","product:bitbank"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-registered-exchange"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-crypto","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"FAQ on the tax treatment of crypto-assets","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:choosing-a-registered-exchange:en","entityId":"guide:choosing-a-registered-exchange","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Choosing a registered crypto exchange","plainText":"Use only FSA-registered, JVCEA-member exchanges (e.g. bitFlyer, bitbank); unregistered offshore platforms remove your protections and are common in scams.\nWhy FSA registration matters and how to avoid unregulated platforms and scams.\nOnly FSA-registered, JVCEA-member exchanges may serve residents.\nCheck the FSA registered list before depositing.\nUnregistered offshore platforms remove legal protections.\nGuaranteed returns and “recovery” services are scams.\nWhy registration matters\nOnly exchanges registered with the FSA and belonging to the JVCEA may legally serve residents of Japan, and registration brings custody, segregation, and consumer-protection obligations. Using an unregistered offshore exchange removes those protections, can complicate tax and withdrawals, and is often how fraud operates. Always confirm an exchange appears on the FSA’s registered list before depositing funds.\nAvoiding scams\nTreat any offer of guaranteed or unusually high returns as a scam — legitimate crypto has no guaranteed return. Be wary of fake exchange apps, social-media “investment coaches,” romance-investment approaches, and especially “recovery” services that promise to retrieve lost funds for a fee (a common second scam targeting victims). Withdraw test amounts first, enable strong security, and never send crypto to someone who contacted you.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/crypto/choosing-a-registered-exchange","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:crypto"],"faqs":["faq:crypto-registered","faq:crypto-fx-leverage"],"products":["product:bitflyer","product:bitbank"],"guides":["guide:crypto-tax-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jvcea","publisher":"JVCEA","title":"Japan Virtual and Crypto assets Exchange Association","url":"https://jvcea.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"faq:bank-documents:en","entityId":"faq:bank-documents","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What do I need to open a bank account in Japan as a foreigner?","plainText":"You generally need a residence card (在留カード), a Japanese address, and often a Japanese phone number and a personal seal (hanko) or signature. Some banks also ask for a My Number, and a few require six months of residency before opening. Online banks (Rakuten Bank, Sony Bank) and English-friendly banks (SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA) are common starting points. Requirements differ by bank, so confirm on the provider’s page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#bank-documents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"id":"immi-residence","publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","title":"Immigration Services Agency","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jftc-guarantee","publisher":"Japanese Bankers Association (JBA)","title":"Japanese Bankers Association","url":"https://www.zenginkyo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:bank-english:en","entityId":"faq:bank-english","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which banks in Japan have the best English support?","plainText":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA and Sony Bank are the most commonly cited for English-language service, apps, and foreign-currency features. Rakuten Bank and SBI Shinsei Bank offer partial English support. Megabanks have limited English at most branches. If English support is essential, verify the current app language and support hours on the bank’s official site, because these change.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#bank-english","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-prestia","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sony-bank","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:bank-online-vs-mega:en","entityId":"faq:bank-online-vs-mega","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I use an online bank or a megabank in Japan?","plainText":"Online banks (Rakuten Bank, Sony Bank, SBI) usually win on lower fees, better apps, and integration with points and investing. Megabanks (MUFG, SMBC, Mizuho) help when you need physical branches, corporate accounts, or dealings that still expect a major bank. Many residents keep both: a megabank for salary or official uses, and an online bank for daily money and saving.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#bank-online-vs-mega","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","title":"Payment and Settlement Systems","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:bank-frozen:en","entityId":"faq:bank-frozen","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why would a Japanese bank freeze or restrict my account?","plainText":"Common reasons are an expired residence card or out-of-date registered information, suspected fraud or unusual activity, dormancy, or anti-money-laundering checks. Keep your address and residency status updated with the bank, respond promptly to identity-verification requests, and avoid receiving unexplained large transfers. If restricted, contact the bank directly — never through a link in an unexpected message.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#bank-frozen","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"immi-residence","publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","title":"Immigration Services Agency","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:bank-no-job:en","entityId":"faq:bank-no-job","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I open a Japanese bank account without a job?","plainText":"Yes, employment is usually not required to open a basic deposit account — a residence card and address are the core requirements. Students and dependents routinely open accounts. Employment matters more for credit cards and loans than for opening a bank account itself. Requirements vary, so check the specific bank.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#bank-no-job","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"personas":["persona:newcomer","persona:student"]},"sources":[{"id":"jftc-guarantee","publisher":"Japanese Bankers Association (JBA)","title":"Japanese Bankers Association","url":"https://www.zenginkyo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:card-foreigner-approval:en","entityId":"faq:card-foreigner-approval","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can foreigners get a credit card in Japan?","plainText":"Yes. Approval depends on stable income and residency, not nationality — but your foreign credit history does not transfer, so you start fresh. Accessible first cards include Rakuten Card and Epos Card. Longer residency, a stable job, and having a Japanese bank account improve your odds. A longer-validity residence card also helps.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#card-foreigner-approval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"rakuten-card","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:card-rejected:en","entityId":"faq:card-rejected","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why was my Japanese credit card application rejected?","plainText":"Issuers generally do not disclose an individual rejection reason, so explanations about income, employment, residency or nationality are speculation. Check that your application was accurate, avoid several reactive applications, and consider requesting your own registered information from CIC or JICC before deciding whether to reapply.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#card-rejected","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jicc-credit","publisher":"JICC","title":"Japan Credit Information Reference Center","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:card-riborai:en","entityId":"faq:card-riborai","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is リボ払い (revolving payment) and should I avoid it?","plainText":"リボ払い (revolving payment) spreads your balance into small monthly payments while charging high effective interest — often around 15% a year. It is sometimes on by default or promoted with point bonuses. For most people it is best avoided: choose 一括払い (pay in full) each month so you pay no interest. Check your card’s payment setting and switch off automatic revolving if you did not intend it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#card-riborai","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:card-first-card:en","entityId":"faq:card-first-card","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a good first credit card in Japan?","plainText":"Compare a first card by stated eligibility, fixed cost, payment settings, and where you can redeem points—not supposed approval ease. Rakuten Card and Epos Card are two no-annual-fee examples with different point programs and card features. The best fit is usually tied to where you already spend. Confirm current terms on the issuer’s site.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#card-first-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"epos-card","publisher":"Marui / Epos","title":"Epos Card","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:card-annual-fee:en","entityId":"faq:card-annual-fee","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are annual-fee credit cards worth it in Japan?","plainText":"Only if you actually use the benefits. Annual-fee cards can pay for themselves through travel insurance, airport-lounge access, higher point multipliers, or concierge services — but if you would not otherwise use those, a no-annual-fee card is better. Add up the concrete value you will use in a year and compare it to the fee.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#card-annual-fee","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"amex-jp","publisher":"American Express","title":"American Express Japan","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:nisa-eligibility:en","entityId":"faq:nisa-eligibility","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can foreign residents open a NISA account in Japan?","plainText":"Generally yes, if you are a tax resident of Japan (with a My Number) and at least 18. NISA is tied to residency, not citizenship, so most foreign residents qualify — with two big cautions: US citizens and green-card holders face US tax complications with Japanese funds, and NISA generally cannot continue after you leave Japan. Confirm eligibility and the current rules on the FSA site and with your chosen brokerage.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#nisa-eligibility","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"personas":["persona:newcomer","persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"faq:nisa-leaving-japan:en","entityId":"faq:nisa-leaving-japan","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens to my NISA if I leave Japan?","plainText":"NISA is a benefit for residents. When you lose Japanese tax residency you generally cannot keep contributing, and brokerages differ on whether the account is closed, frozen, or must be sold — some allow a temporary overseas-resident continuation for limited periods. Because the tax treatment of unwinding matters, plan your exit before building a large balance and ask your brokerage about their specific offshore policy.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#nisa-leaving-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"personas":["persona:leaving-japan","persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"faq:nisa-us-citizen:en","entityId":"faq:nisa-us-citizen","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should US citizens use NISA or Japanese mutual funds?","plainText":"Be very careful. Japanese mutual funds and ETFs are usually PFICs (Passive Foreign Investment Companies) for US tax, which triggers punitive US taxation and heavy Form 8621 reporting — and the NISA tax exemption does not apply to the US. Many US persons in Japan avoid Japanese pooled funds and instead hold US-domiciled assets, but rules are complex. Get advice from a cross-border US/Japan tax professional before investing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#nisa-us-citizen","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"personas":["persona:us-person","persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q:en","entityId":"faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA or iDeCo — which should I use first?","plainText":"They solve different problems. NISA is flexible: tax-free growth and you can withdraw anytime, making it the usual first choice. iDeCo gives a larger up-front tax break (contributions cut your taxable income) but locks money until age 60 and suits committed retirement saving. Many use NISA first for flexibility, then add iDeCo for the deduction if they are confident they will not need the money before 60. If you may leave Japan, iDeCo’s lock-up is a bigger drawback.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#nisa-vs-ideco-q","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"faq:invest-beginner-fund:en","entityId":"faq:invest-beginner-fund","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What should a beginner invest in inside NISA?","plainText":"This is education, not a recommendation. Most beginners research low-cost, broadly diversified index funds — for example all-country (全世界株式) or S&P 500 trackers — rather than picking individual stocks, because low fees and diversification are within your control while returns are not. Understand that values fall as well as rise, match the risk to your time horizon, and never invest money you may need soon.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#invest-beginner-fund","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-resident-status:en","entityId":"faq:tax-resident-status","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How does tax residency work in Japan?","plainText":"For tax, Japan classifies you as non-resident, non-permanent resident, or permanent resident — separate from your immigration status. Broadly: non-residents are taxed only on Japan-source income; non-permanent residents (in Japan under 5 of the last 10 years, without permanent intent) are taxed on Japan-source income plus foreign income paid in or remitted to Japan; permanent residents (for tax) are taxed on worldwide income. This affects foreign income and investments, so confirm your category with the NTA or a tax accountant.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-resident-status","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-need-to-file:en","entityId":"faq:tax-need-to-file","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do I need to file a tax return in Japan?","plainText":"Many employees do not, because tax is settled by year-end adjustment (年末調整). You generally must file (確定申告) if you have side income over ¥200,000, two or more employers, self-employment income, sizeable investment or crypto gains, or you want to claim deductions like large medical costs or a first-year mortgage credit. Filing season is Feb 16 – Mar 15 via e-Tax. When unsure, check the NTA guidance or ask a 税理士.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-need-to-file","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:freelancer","persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-etax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"e-Tax National Tax Electronic Filing","url":"https://www.e-tax.nta.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-resident-tax-timing:en","entityId":"faq:tax-resident-tax-timing","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why did I get a big resident tax bill in my second year?","plainText":"Resident tax (住民税, about 10%) is charged the year after the income is earned, based on the previous year’s income. So in your first year you often pay little, and in your second year you get a bill for your full first-year income. The same lag means people who stop working or leave Japan can still owe resident tax afterward. Budget for it in advance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-resident-tax-timing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:newcomer","persona:leaving-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-furusato:en","entityId":"faq:tax-furusato","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is Furusato Nozei and is it worth it?","plainText":"Furusato Nozei (ふるさと納税) lets you donate to local governments and receive local gifts (food, goods) while deducting almost all of the donation from your resident and income tax — you effectively pay ¥2,000 out of pocket for the gifts. It is worth it for most taxpayers with sufficient income, up to a limit based on your income and family situation. Use the official rules and a limit simulator, and keep the paperwork (One-Stop or tax return) to claim the deduction.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-furusato","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-furusato","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Donations and the Furusato Nozei deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1155.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-crypto:en","entityId":"faq:tax-crypto","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How is cryptocurrency taxed in Japan?","plainText":"Crypto profits are treated as miscellaneous income (雑所得) and taxed at your marginal rate — combined with resident tax this can reach roughly 55%, unlike the ~20% flat rate for listed stocks. Every disposal is taxable, including selling for yen, trading one crypto for another, and spending crypto on goods. You must track cost basis and calculate gains, so recordkeeping tools are important, and larger activity often warrants a tax accountant.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-crypto","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-crypto","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"FAQ on the tax treatment of crypto-assets","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-200000-rule:en","entityId":"faq:tax-200000-rule","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is the ¥200,000 side-income rule based on revenue or profit?","plainText":"It is income after related expenses, not gross revenue. A one-job employee generally must file a national return when non-employment, non-retirement income exceeds ¥200,000 (measured after expenses). Exactly ¥200,000 does not trigger it — the rule is “exceeds.” Importantly, even below ¥200,000 your municipality usually still expects a resident-tax declaration of that income, so the ¥200,000 relief is national-tax only.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-200000-rule","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-employee-filing","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"When a salaried employee must file (給与所得者で確定申告が必要な人)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1900.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-deduction-vs-credit:en","entityId":"faq:tax-deduction-vs-credit","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the difference between a deduction and a tax credit?","plainText":"An income deduction (所得控除) reduces the income you are taxed on, so its value is roughly your marginal rate times the deduction — a ¥300,000 medical deduction at a 20% rate saves about ¥60,000 of national tax, plus some resident tax. A tax credit (税額控除), such as the housing-loan credit, reduces the calculated tax directly, so a ¥300,000 credit can cut tax by up to ¥300,000. A deduction is not a refund of its full amount.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-deduction-vs-credit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-basic-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Basic deduction (基礎控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1199.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-medical-deduction:en","entityId":"faq:tax-medical-deduction","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How does the medical expense deduction work?","plainText":"Deduct qualifying medical costs you paid in the year for yourself or family sharing your livelihood, minus reimbursements and a ¥100,000 threshold (or 5% of total income if that is below ¥2M), capped at a ¥2M deduction. Example: ¥500,000 costs − ¥100,000 reimbursement − ¥100,000 threshold = ¥300,000. You file a return (not year-end adjustment), submit a statement, and keep receipts five years. You cannot combine it with the self-medication deduction in the same year.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-medical-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-medical-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Medical expense deduction (医療費控除)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1120.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-yea-vs-return:en","entityId":"faq:tax-yea-vs-return","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is year-end adjustment the same as filing a tax return?","plainText":"No. Year-end adjustment (年末調整) is your employer reconciling the income tax on the salary they paid, applying the basic, spouse, dependent, social-insurance, and insurance deductions. A final return (確定申告) is you reporting all income. Even after year-end adjustment you must file for side income over ¥200,000, medical expenses, donations beyond one-stop, or the first mortgage-credit year. Year-end adjustment does not cure unreported side, rental, overseas, or investment income.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-yea-vs-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-year-end-adjustment","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Year-end adjustment (年末調整)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/users/gensen/nencho/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-late-filing:en","entityId":"faq:tax-late-filing","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens if I file or pay my taxes late?","plainText":"You can still file late (期限後申告), and filing voluntarily before the tax office contacts you reduces the non-filing penalty. Separately, delinquent tax (延滞税) accrues on unpaid tax from the day after the deadline — roughly 2.8% then 9.1% in 2026. Concealment triggers a heavier aggravated penalty. If you cannot pay, contact the tax office about a grace of payment (up to a year) rather than ignoring the bill.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-late-filing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-penalties","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Late filing, additional tax, and delinquent tax","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2024.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-delinquent-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Calculation of delinquent tax (rates)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/nozei/entaizei/keisan/entai.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-consumption-threshold:en","entityId":"faq:tax-consumption-threshold","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is the ¥10 million consumption-tax threshold based on profit?","plainText":"No — it is taxable sales in the base period (for an individual, normally the year two years earlier), not profit. A low-margin business with high turnover can be liable while a high-profit consultancy with modest billings may not. The exemption can also be lost by the specified-period test, a voluntary election, succession, or — importantly — registering as a qualified-invoice issuer, which makes you taxable regardless of sales.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-consumption-threshold","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-consumption-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Consumption-tax liability for businesses","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-invoice-register:en","entityId":"faq:tax-invoice-register","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I register for the invoice system (インボイス)?","plainText":"It depends on your clients. Registering as a qualified-invoice issuer lets business customers claim input-tax credit on what they pay you, but it makes you liable for consumption tax you were exempt from. Weigh how much revenue comes from business clients who need input credit, and the risk of lost work or discounts, against the tax and compliance cost. The temporary 20% special measure can cap early-year liability. This is a good first-registration question for a 税理士.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-invoice-register","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-invoice","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Qualified Invoice System","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-invoice-2wari","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Reduced tax rate and invoice system, including small-business measures (2割特例)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-stock-losses:en","entityId":"faq:tax-stock-losses","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I use stock losses to reduce my tax?","plainText":"Yes, if you file. A listed-share loss can be offset against listed-share gains and, by election, eligible dividends, and any remaining loss carries forward up to three years — but only if you file a return every year in the window, even a no-gain year. Note NISA losses cannot offset taxable gains, and filing to use losses also adds the income to resident-tax measures, which can raise health-insurance premiums.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-stock-losses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-listed-shares","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Taxation of listed-share transfers (separate self-assessment)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-us-citizen:en","entityId":"faq:tax-us-citizen","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"I am a US citizen in Japan — do I still file US taxes?","plainText":"Generally yes. The US taxes citizens and green-card holders on worldwide income even while resident in Japan, so you usually file in both countries. The foreign tax credit and foreign earned income exclusion reduce double taxation but must be claimed on a US return. Japanese accounts and funds can trigger FBAR, FATCA, and possible PFIC issues that Japanese tax software does not handle — use a Japan 税理士 together with a US CPA/EA.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-us-citizen","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:us-person"]},"sources":[{"id":"irs-abroad","publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","title":"US citizens and resident aliens abroad","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/us-citizens-and-resident-aliens-abroad","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mof-us-japan-treaty","publisher":"Ministry of Finance Japan","title":"Japan tax treaties (including US-Japan)","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/tax_policy/summary/international/tax_convention/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-leaving-japan:en","entityId":"faq:tax-leaving-japan","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What do I need to do about tax when I leave Japan?","plainText":"Complete the departure-year return before leaving, or appoint a tax agent (納税管理人) to file afterward from within Japan. Resident tax on the prior year survives departure, so arrange payment with your municipality. Test exit-tax exposure (it can apply at ¥100M of specified financial assets), and if you had employee pension, consider a lump-sum withdrawal — a tax agent can often reclaim much of the 20.42% withheld by applying retirement-income treatment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-leaving-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:leaving-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-leaving-japan","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Filing when leaving Japan (出国するとき)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1923.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-tax-agent","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Tax agent for a taxpayer leaving Japan","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/12004.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-open:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-open","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How do I register as a freelancer (sole proprietor) in Japan?","plainText":"File a notification of business opening (開業届) with your local tax office within about a month of starting — it is free and short. At the same time, file the blue-return application (青色申告承認申請書) to unlock the up-to-¥650,000 deduction. You keep your existing visa status if it permits the work; some visa types need permission for self-employment, so check your residence status first.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-open","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-blue","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Blue Return System","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"immi-residence","publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","title":"Immigration Services Agency","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-blue-return:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-blue-return","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the blue return (青色申告) and is it worth it?","plainText":"The blue return is a filing status that rewards proper bookkeeping. With double-entry books filed electronically, you can deduct up to ¥650,000 from your income, carry losses forward for three years, and deduct family salaries. The trade-off is more disciplined recordkeeping — which cloud accounting software largely automates. For most freelancers with steady income, the tax saving clearly outweighs the effort.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-blue-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-blue","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Blue Return System","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-invoice:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-invoice","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do I need to register for the invoice system (インボイス) as a freelancer?","plainText":"It depends on your clients. Registering gives you a T-number so business clients can claim consumption-tax input credits on what they pay you — but it also makes you a consumption-tax payer, adding cost and paperwork. If your clients are consumers or tax-exempt small businesses, registering may add cost for no benefit. If your clients are companies that demand qualified invoices, not registering can cost you work. Weigh your client base; a transitional credit for buyers from unregistered suppliers is stepping down over time.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-invoice","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-invoice","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Qualified Invoice System","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-reserve:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-reserve","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How much should a freelancer set aside for taxes in Japan?","plainText":"A common rule of thumb is to reserve 20–35% of profit for income tax, resident tax, national pension, and national health insurance combined — higher as your income rises, because income tax is progressive. Remember resident tax and health-insurance premiums are billed based on the prior year, so your bills lag your income. Set the reserve aside in a separate account each month rather than facing it all at filing time.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-reserve","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-health-insurance:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-health-insurance","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What about pension and health insurance when self-employed in Japan?","plainText":"As a sole proprietor you generally enroll in National Health Insurance (国民健康保険) and the National Pension (国民年金), and you pay both yourself — there is no employer split. National Pension is a flat monthly amount; National Health Insurance premiums are income-based and billed by your municipality. You can add optional coverage (e.g. the national pension fund, iDeCo, or income-protection insurance) to close gaps. Budget these into your tax reserve.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-health-insurance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"jps-international","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Japan Pension Service — international pages","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-insurance","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)","title":"Health and public insurance information","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-what-taxes:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-what-taxes","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What taxes does a freelancer pay in Japan?","plainText":"A sole proprietor pays national income tax (progressive) and local resident tax (~10%), both on business profit after expenses and deductions, plus National Pension and National Health Insurance premiums that you fund yourself. If your taxable sales pass ¥10 million — or you register for the invoice system — consumption tax is added. Resident tax and health-insurance premiums are based on the prior year, so bills lag income. Confirm current rates and deductions each year, as recent reforms have moved the basic deduction and thresholds.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-what-taxes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-blue","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Blue Return System","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-consumption-tax-when:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-consumption-tax-when","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"When does a freelancer have to pay consumption tax in Japan?","plainText":"By default you are an exempt business until taxable sales in the base period (for an individual, the year two years earlier) exceed ¥10 million; a specified-period test on the prior year’s first half can also trigger it. However, registering for the invoice system to issue a T-number makes you a taxable business even below ¥10 million. Taxable businesses can often reduce the calculation using simplified taxation or the temporary 20% special measure, both of which are date-sensitive and being revised through 2026–2029 — confirm your year with the NTA or a 税理士.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-consumption-tax-when","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-consumption-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Consumption-tax liability for businesses","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-invoice-2wari","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Reduced tax rate and invoice system, including small-business measures (2割特例)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-which-software:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-which-software","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which accounting software is best for freelancers in Japan?","plainText":"freee, Money Forward Cloud, and Yayoi all import bank and card data, keep double-entry books, and produce blue-return forms and e-Tax data. freee is guided and beginner-friendly; Money Forward Cloud is more flexible with broad integrations; Yayoi is the long-established option with the widest tax-accountant familiarity. All three interfaces are Japanese-only, so budget for some Japanese or a helper. Compare current plans at the tier level and try a trial rather than choosing on brand or headline price.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-which-software","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"freee","publisher":"freee","title":"freee accounting","url":"https://www.freee.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mf-cloud","publisher":"Money Forward","title":"Money Forward Cloud","url":"https://biz.moneyforward.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"yayoi","publisher":"Yayoi","title":"Yayoi accounting software","url":"https://www.yayoi-kk.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-retirement-toolkit:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-retirement-toolkit","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How can a self-employed person save for retirement in Japan tax-efficiently?","plainText":"Self-employed savers can stack deductible schemes. Small-business mutual aid (小規模企業共済) allows ¥1,000–70,000/month (up to ¥840,000/year), fully deductible, paid out when you close or retire the business. iDeCo lets the self-employed contribute up to ¥68,000/month, a ceiling shared with the National Pension Fund. The extra pension (付加年金) cheaply raises the state pension. All reduce this year’s taxable income while building your own safety net; lump-sum payout timing rules interact, so plan large withdrawals with a professional.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-retirement-toolkit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"smrj-kyosai","publisher":"Organization for SME and Regional Innovation (SMRJ)","title":"Small Enterprise Mutual Aid (小規模企業共済)","url":"https://www.smrj.go.jp/kyosai/skyosai/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"ideco-official-freelance","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association (iDeCo)","title":"iDeCo official guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-withholding:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-withholding","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why is tax withheld from my freelance payments in Japan?","plainText":"For certain fees paid to individuals — writing, design, translation, lectures, and some professional services — the paying company must withhold income tax at source (about 10.21%) and remit it for you, so the deposit arrives smaller than the invoice. This is a prepayment, not a loss: when you file, you total the tax already withheld from each client’s payment record and credit it against what you owe, which often produces a refund. Track withholding per client so you claim all of it and don’t effectively pay twice.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-withholding","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-withholding","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Withholding at source on certain fees paid to individuals","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-side-business:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-side-business","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do I need to file taxes on a side business while employed in Japan?","plainText":"Possibly, even under the often-cited ¥200,000 line. That figure is a national income-tax filing-obligation rule for certain employees settled by year-end adjustment — not a tax-free allowance — and a separate resident-tax declaration to your municipality can still be required. Whether the income is business income (which unlocks the blue return and loss offset) or miscellaneous income depends mainly on running the activity like a business and keeping proper books. If you intend it to be a real business, file the opening notification and keep double-entry records from the start.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-side-business","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-income-vs-misc","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"How business income is taxed (事業所得)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1350.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-what-expenses:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-what-expenses","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What can a freelancer claim as business expenses in Japan?","plainText":"Any cost genuinely incurred to earn your business income — supplies, software subscriptions, professional fees, client travel, and communication — is deductible if you keep the receipt and can show the business purpose. Costs that serve both life and work (home rent and utilities, phone, car) are split by a reasonable, documented ratio (家事按分), such as floor area or usage time. Cheap tools are expensed at once, but bigger equipment is depreciated over its useful life; small-asset thresholds and useful-life tables are set by the NTA and change, so confirm current figures.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-what-expenses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-business-expenses","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Necessary business expenses","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-depreciation","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Depreciation and the small-asset expensing rules","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-incorporate-when:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-incorporate-when","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"When should a freelancer incorporate a company in Japan?","plainText":"There is no single magic number; incorporate when stable, higher profit makes the corporate-tax advantage outweigh the added fixed costs, and usually when a non-tax reason also applies — hiring, raising money, bigger contracts, consumption-tax timing, or clients that will only bill a company. A company adds incorporation fees, annual local taxes even in a loss year, mandatory employees’ social insurance, more complex accounting, and typically a tax accountant. Model your own tax and social-insurance outcome as a proprietor versus a company with a 税理士 before deciding.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-incorporate-when","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"moj-commercial-registration","publisher":"Ministry of Justice / Legal Affairs Bureau","title":"Commercial and corporate registration","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/houjintouki.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-kk-vs-gk:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-kk-vs-gk","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I set up a KK or a GK (godo-kaisha) in Japan?","plainText":"A godo-kaisha (GK) is cheaper and simpler to form and run — no articles-notarization fee and a lower registration tax — with the same limited liability, so many solo founders start there. A kabushiki-kaisha (KK) costs more but has the strongest public recognition and can issue shares to raise capital, which matters if you expect investment or enterprise clients that prefer a KK. You can convert a GK to a KK later. Fees, capital, and governance rules are statutory and change, so confirm current requirements before filing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-kk-vs-gk","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"moj-commercial-registration","publisher":"Ministry of Justice / Legal Affairs Bureau","title":"Commercial and corporate registration","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/houjintouki.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"meti-startup","publisher":"Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry","title":"Business start-up and new-business policy","url":"https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/newbusiness/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-family-salary:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-family-salary","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I deduct a salary paid to my spouse or family in my business?","plainText":"Normally wages to family are not deductible, but blue-return filers can deduct a salary to a family member who works exclusively in the business (青色事業専従者) if they file the required notification in advance and the amount is reasonable for the work. The salary becomes the family member’s taxable income, and the “works exclusively in the business” condition is real — a token salary to someone with a separate full-time job will not stand. Keep it defensible with a timely notice, market-consistent pay, actual payment, and records, as overstated family salaries are an audit target.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-family-salary","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-family-employee","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Salaries paid to family employees (専従者給与)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2075.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-subsidies:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-subsidies","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are there subsidies or grants for small businesses and freelancers in Japan?","plainText":"Yes. Subsidies (補助金) from the SME Agency and ministries target goals like equipment, IT adoption, or business sustainability; they are competitive, capped, require a co-payment, and usually reimburse after you spend. Grants (助成金), often from the labor ministry, are rule-based and frequently tied to hiring or working conditions. Search official portals such as jGrants and the SME Agency, and note local government and chamber-of-commerce programs. Most pay in arrears, so budget the cash-flow gap and keep every quote, invoice, and payment record; misused funds can have to be returned.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-subsidies","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"jgrants","publisher":"Digital Agency / SME Agency","title":"jGrants subsidy application portal","url":"https://www.jgrants-portal.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"smea-guide","publisher":"SME Agency (METI)","title":"Small and Medium Enterprise Agency","url":"https://www.chusho.meti.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-visa:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-visa","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I freelance or run a company in Japan on my visa?","plainText":"It depends on your residence status. Permanent residents and certain spouse/long-term statuses generally allow broad self-employment; activity-based work visas authorize specific employment and may not cover independent freelancing or running your own company without a change or permission; students and dependents work only within their permitted-activity limits. Running a company usually points to the Business Manager (経営・管理) status, which expects a real office, a business plan, and a capital/scale requirement that is under review. Filing a tax opening notification does not grant immigration permission — confirm your status with the Immigration Services Agency or a qualified professional first.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-visa","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"immi-business-manager","publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","title":"Business Manager residence status","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/applications/status/businessmanager.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"immi-residence","publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","title":"Immigration Services Agency","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:insurance-public-enough:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-public-enough","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is Japan’s public health insurance enough, or do I need private cover?","plainText":"For most people public health insurance covers a lot: it caps most medical bills near 30%, and the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit (高額療養費) further limits your monthly out-of-pocket by income, so even a major illness has a ceiling. Private medical or cancer insurance mainly covers extras (income while off work, advanced treatments, hospital-stay cash). Buy private cover to fill a specific gap you cannot self-fund, not out of general worry.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-public-enough","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-insurance","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)","title":"Health and public insurance information","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:insurance-high-cost:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-high-cost","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit (高額療養費)?","plainText":"It is a public system that caps your out-of-pocket medical costs in a calendar month based on your income. If your covered medical bills exceed the monthly ceiling, the excess is reimbursed (or, with a limit-certificate applied in advance, not charged). This is why many residents find heavy private medical insurance unnecessary — the public ceiling already limits catastrophic costs. Confirm the current thresholds, which are set by income bracket.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-high-cost","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-insurance","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)","title":"Health and public insurance information","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:insurance-life-needed:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-life-needed","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do I need life insurance in Japan?","plainText":"Life insurance mainly makes sense if someone depends on your income — a partner, children, or dependents with debts like a mortgage. If no one relies on your income, you often do not need it. When you do, term life (定期保険) is usually the cost-efficient choice: it covers a set period for a low premium, versus whole life (終身保険), which bundles savings at higher cost. Public pension also pays survivor benefits, so factor those in before choosing a sum insured.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-life-needed","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":["persona:family"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-insurance","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)","title":"Health and public insurance information","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:insurance-earthquake:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-earthquake","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does home insurance in Japan cover earthquakes?","plainText":"No — standard fire insurance (火災保険) excludes earthquake damage. Earthquake insurance (地震保険) is a separate, government-backed rider you add to a fire policy, and its payout is capped at a share of the building/contents value (commonly 30–50%). Given Japan’s seismic risk it is worth considering, especially for owners, but understand that it is designed to help you restart life, not fully rebuild. Check limits and exclusions on the policy.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-earthquake","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":["persona:family"]},"sources":[{"id":"caa-insurance","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Insurance business supervision","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/hoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:insurance-foreigner:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-foreigner","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can foreign residents get private insurance in Japan?","plainText":"Yes. Residents can generally buy private life, medical, auto, and home insurance; some insurers offer English-language support and applications. Public health and pension enrollment is mandatory regardless of nationality. The practical hurdles are usually language and understanding what public cover already provides. Compare the specific gap you want to fill, and confirm English support and terms with the insurer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-foreigner","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-insurance","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)","title":"Health and public insurance information","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:insurance-copay-share:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-copay-share","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What percentage of medical costs do patients pay in Japan?","plainText":"Under public health insurance the patient share is generally 10%–30%, depending on age and income, before the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit applies. Working-age adults usually pay 30%; young children and many older people pay less. The high-cost benefit then caps your eligible out-of-pocket in a calendar month, so a serious illness has a ceiling. Private-room surcharges, meals, and non-covered treatment sit outside this and are paid in full.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-copay-share","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-high-cost","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:insurance-cancer-waiting:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-cancer-waiting","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the waiting period on cancer insurance?","plainText":"Cancer policies commonly have a waiting (non-coverage) period of about 90 days after enrollment. A cancer diagnosed under the policy’s rules during that window is generally not covered, and pre-existing cancer is excluded. Confirm exactly when the period starts, how carcinoma in situ and recurrence are treated, and whether outpatient and advanced-treatment benefits are included — two products with the same name can pay very differently.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-cancer-waiting","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:insurance-term-vs-whole:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-term-vs-whole","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Term life or whole life — which should I choose?","plainText":"Match the policy to the need. Term life is cheap and covers a fixed period, so it fits a temporary need such as raising children or paying off a mortgage. Whole life costs more, lasts for life, and may build surrender value, so it fits a genuine lifelong need such as funeral or estate liquidity. A common efficient structure is a large term policy for the dependent years plus a small permanent policy only if a lifelong need exists.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-term-vs-whole","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:insurance-cali-enough:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-cali-enough","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is compulsory car insurance (自賠責) enough?","plainText":"No. Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance (自賠責) covers only bodily injury or death of accident victims, up to statutory limits, and excludes property damage, your own vehicle, and liability above those limits. Voluntary car insurance adds unlimited third-party liability, personal-injury protection, vehicle damage, legal expense, and roadside assistance. For most drivers, unlimited bodily-injury and property liability is the key gap to close.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-cali-enough","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-cali","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jidosha/anzen/04relief/jibai/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sonpo-auto","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Automobile insurance guide","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jidosha/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:insurance-bicycle-mandatory:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-bicycle-mandatory","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is bicycle insurance mandatory in Japan?","plainText":"It depends on local ordinance. Tokyo and many prefectures require applicable cyclists to hold liability coverage, because a cycling accident can cause very large claims. Before buying a standalone policy, check whether a household personal-liability rider on your auto, fire, renter, credit-card, employer, school, or cooperative cover already satisfies the requirement, so you do not pay twice.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-bicycle-mandatory","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyo-bicycle","publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Government","title":"Tokyo bicycle liability-insurance obligation","url":"https://www.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:insurance-card-travel:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-card-travel","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I rely on my credit card’s travel insurance?","plainText":"Only after checking the certificate for each trip. Card travel insurance may be usage-triggered (active only if you pay a qualifying travel cost with the card), may cover the cardholder only, often has low medical limits, and may omit cancellation. Issuers also change activation rules and limits over time. Treat it as a supplement, verify it before departure, and buy a standalone policy for the gap in high-cost destinations.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-card-travel","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:insurance-pet-preexisting:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-pet-preexisting","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does pet insurance cover a condition my pet already has?","plainText":"Generally no. Pet insurance excludes pre-existing conditions, and related future conditions may also be excluded; preventive care and vaccinations are usually not covered either. If you want insurance, enroll while the pet is young and healthy, because conditions cannot be added later. Compare reimbursement percentage, annual and daily limits, deductibles, waiting periods, and age-based repricing against a dedicated veterinary savings fund.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-pet-preexisting","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:insurance-cancel-timing:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-cancel-timing","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"When can I cancel my old policy after applying for a new one?","plainText":"Not until the new cover is fully in place. Never cancel an existing health or life policy merely because you submitted a replacement application. Wait until the new insurer has accepted the contract, coverage has commenced, all special exclusions are understood, and any cooling-off or first-premium condition is resolved. Cancelling first can leave you uninsured — or uninsurable — if the new application is rated or declined.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-cancel-timing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:insurance-cooling-off:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-cooling-off","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is cooling-off for insurance in Japan?","plainText":"Cooling-off is a statutory or contractual right to revoke certain insurance applications within a stated period and method. It does not apply to every purchase — short-term, compulsory, immediate, business, or renewal transactions may fall outside it. Check the warning information (注意喚起情報) for the exact period, how to exercise it, and any exceptions before assuming you can cancel a new policy freely.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-cooling-off","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:insurance-leave-japan:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-leave-japan","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens to my insurance and pension when I leave Japan?","plainText":"It varies by policy and system, so confirm each in writing. For private policies, ask whether cover can continue overseas, how premiums are paid, where notices go, and whether a Japanese address or bank account is required. Withdraw from National Health Insurance at your municipality. For pension, eligible non-Japanese people can often claim a lump-sum withdrawal within two years of leaving — but claiming can erase credited periods, so compare it against keeping your record under a social-security agreement.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-leave-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"id":"jps-lumpsum","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Lump-sum Withdrawal Payments","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/withdrawalpayment/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nichii-nhi","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"National Health Insurance system","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr:en","entityId":"faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I get a mortgage in Japan without permanent residency?","plainText":"It is harder but possible. Many banks strongly prefer permanent residency; without it you may face a larger required down payment, a Japanese spouse guarantor, or rejection at some lenders. Flat 35, offered via the Japan Housing Finance Agency, is more rules-based and does not always require PR, making it a common route for non-PR residents. Stable long-term employment and income are decisive. Terms vary widely by bank, so compare several.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-mortgage-no-pr","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating:en","entityId":"faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fixed or floating mortgage rate in Japan — which is better?","plainText":"There is no universal answer. Floating rates (変動) have been lower and reduce early payments but can rise, increasing your payment later. Fixed rates (固定, including Flat 35) cost more now but lock certainty for the term, protecting you if rates rise. Choose based on how much payment-increase risk you can absorb: if a rate rise would strain your budget, the certainty of fixed can be worth the premium. Model both before deciding.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-fixed-vs-floating","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-closing-costs:en","entityId":"faq:loan-closing-costs","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What are the closing costs when buying property in Japan?","plainText":"Beyond the down payment, budget roughly 6–10% of the price for closing costs (諸費用): the agent’s brokerage fee, registration and judicial-scrivener fees, loan guarantee and administration fees, stamp duty, acquisition and property taxes, and fire/earthquake insurance. New-build and pre-owned costs differ. These are easy to underestimate, so get an itemized estimate before committing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-closing-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-land","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT)","title":"Land price and real-estate transaction information","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_tk5_000085.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-rent-vs-buy:en","entityId":"faq:loan-rent-vs-buy","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is it better to rent or buy in Japan?","plainText":"It depends on how long you will stay, your job stability, and the specific property. Unlike some countries, many Japanese homes — especially older wooden houses — depreciate, and resale can be slow outside prime areas, so buying is not automatically wealth-building. Renting keeps you flexible, which matters if you might move or leave Japan. Buying can make sense for long-term residents wanting stability who have modeled the full cost and resale risk. Treat a home as shelter first.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-rent-vs-buy","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-land","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT)","title":"Land price and real-estate transaction information","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_tk5_000085.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-credit-record:en","entityId":"faq:loan-credit-record","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How do I check my credit record in Japan before applying?","plainText":"Japan has credit information agencies — CIC (cards and installment), JICC, and the bank association’s KSC. You can request your own disclosure from each, usually online or by mail for a small fee. It shows your cards, loans, and any late payments (異動 marks). Checking before a mortgage application helps you spot and resolve problems — like a forgotten missed payment — that could otherwise cause a rejection.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-credit-record","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jicc-credit","publisher":"JICC","title":"Japan Credit Information Reference Center","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:remit-cheapest:en","entityId":"faq:remit-cheapest","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the cheapest way to send money out of Japan?","plainText":"For most personal transfers, specialist services like Wise or Revolut beat traditional bank wires, because they use the mid-market exchange rate with a transparent fee instead of a hidden rate markup. The cheapest option depends on the amount, currency, and destination, so compare the final amount the recipient receives — not the advertised fee. For very large transfers, also check limits and reporting.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#remit-cheapest","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"wise","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise (international transfers)","url":"https://wise.com/jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"revolut-jp","publisher":"Revolut","title":"Revolut Japan","url":"https://www.revolut.com/ja-JP/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:remit-hidden-fees:en","entityId":"faq:remit-hidden-fees","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why do international transfers cost more than the stated fee?","plainText":"The visible transfer fee is often the small part. The bigger cost is the exchange-rate markup — the gap between the rate you are given and the real mid-market rate — which is invisible unless you compare. Bank wires can also add SWIFT charges and intermediary-bank fees deducted along the way. Always compare the total recipient amount against the mid-market rate to see the true cost.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#remit-hidden-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","title":"Payment and Settlement Systems","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:remit-large-transfer:en","entityId":"faq:remit-large-transfer","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are there limits or reporting on large international transfers in Japan?","plainText":"Yes. Banks and services apply their own transfer limits and may require documentation (source of funds, purpose) for large amounts. Transfers at or above a regulatory threshold are reported to authorities, and large or unusual movements can prompt anti-money-laundering questions. There can also be tax angles — gifts, overseas income, or asset movement. For significant sums, confirm the provider’s limits and consider tax advice before sending.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#remit-large-transfer","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","title":"Payment and Settlement Systems","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:remit-overseas-income:en","entityId":"faq:remit-overseas-income","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is money I receive from abroad taxable in Japan?","plainText":"It depends on what it is and your tax residency. Foreign salary or business income can be taxable, and for non-permanent residents even foreign-source income becomes taxable to the extent it is paid in or remitted to Japan. Gifts and inheritances have their own rules. Simply receiving your own savings is different from receiving income. Because this is fact-specific, confirm with the NTA or a tax accountant rather than assuming it is tax-free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#remit-overseas-income","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"personas":["persona:us-person"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:remit-multicurrency:en","entityId":"faq:remit-multicurrency","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I use a multi-currency account like Wise or Revolut?","plainText":"They are useful if you regularly deal in more than one currency — holding balances, spending abroad, or receiving foreign payments — because they cut FX markups and let you convert at good rates. They are not full replacements for a Japanese bank account (you still need one for salary, rent auto-pay, and many domestic services). Many residents use them alongside a local bank. Check current fees, limits, and deposit protection.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#remit-multicurrency","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"wise","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise (international transfers)","url":"https://wise.com/jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"revolut-jp","publisher":"Revolut","title":"Revolut Japan","url":"https://www.revolut.com/ja-JP/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:points-which-ecosystem:en","entityId":"faq:points-which-ecosystem","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which point ecosystem should I choose in Japan?","plainText":"Pick the one that matches where you already spend and bank. If you shop on Rakuten and use Rakuten Bank/Card, the Rakuten ecosystem compounds; if you use docomo, d POINT fits; PayPay suits heavy code-payment and Yahoo/SoftBank users; V POINT ties to SMBC. Concentrating on one strong ecosystem beats spreading thin across several, because bonuses stack when your card, payments, and shopping align.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#points-which-ecosystem","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:points-value:en","entityId":"faq:points-value","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How much is a point actually worth in Japan?","plainText":"Most major points (Rakuten, PayPay, d, V) are worth about ¥1 each when spent on everyday purchases, which makes them easy to value. Some points are worth more when converted to airline miles under the right redemption, and less when locked to a single store or close to expiry. As a rule, treat ¥1 as the baseline and be skeptical of “inflated” valuations that assume perfect redemption.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#points-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:points-expiry:en","entityId":"faq:points-expiry","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do points expire in Japan, and how do I avoid losing them?","plainText":"Many do. Some points expire a fixed period after earning; others (like campaign or “limited-time” points) expire much sooner than regular points. To avoid losing them, concentrate on one ecosystem so balances stay active, spend limited-time points quickly on everyday items, and check the expiry rules in the app. Do not spend more just to “use up” points — that defeats the purpose.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#points-expiry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten:en","entityId":"faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PayPay or Rakuten — which is better for everyday spending?","plainText":"They suit different lives. PayPay is a QR-code payment app accepted at huge numbers of small shops and convenience stores, great for on-the-spot everyday spending and Yahoo/SoftBank users. Rakuten is a broader ecosystem (shopping, bank, card, mobile, securities) that rewards consolidating your spending online and across services. If your spending is mostly in-person and small, PayPay is convenient; if you buy online and want compounding across services, Rakuten tends to reward loyalty more.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#points-paypay-vs-rakuten","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:crypto-registered:en","entityId":"faq:crypto-registered","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which crypto exchanges are legal to use in Japan?","plainText":"Only exchanges registered with the Financial Services Agency (FSA) and belonging to the JVCEA may legally serve residents of Japan — examples include bitFlyer, bitbank, and Coincheck. Using an unregistered offshore exchange means you lose Japanese legal and consumer protections and can complicate tax and withdrawals. Always confirm an exchange is on the FSA’s registered list before depositing funds.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#crypto-registered","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:crypto"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jvcea","publisher":"JVCEA","title":"Japan Virtual and Crypto assets Exchange Association","url":"https://jvcea.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:crypto-tax:en","entityId":"faq:crypto-tax","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How much tax do I pay on crypto profits in Japan?","plainText":"Crypto gains are miscellaneous income taxed at your marginal income-tax rate plus resident tax — combined this can reach roughly 55% at the top, far above the ~20% flat rate on listed stocks. There is no special low rate and, unlike stocks, no NISA shelter. Every disposal is taxable (selling to yen, crypto-to-crypto swaps, and paying with crypto), so you must calculate gains across all transactions. Keep thorough records and consider a tax accountant for active trading.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#crypto-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:crypto"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-crypto","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"FAQ on the tax treatment of crypto-assets","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:crypto-record:en","entityId":"faq:crypto-record","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How do I keep crypto tax records in Japan?","plainText":"Record every transaction with date, type (buy/sell/swap/spend), amounts, the yen value at the time, and fees, because Japan taxes each disposal and you must compute cost basis (commonly the moving-average or total-average method). Exchange CSV exports plus crypto tax-calculation tools help consolidate activity across platforms. Good records are essential if you are ever asked to substantiate your filing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#crypto-record","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:crypto"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-crypto","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"FAQ on the tax treatment of crypto-assets","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:crypto-fx-leverage:en","entityId":"faq:crypto-fx-leverage","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How does FX (margin) leverage work for retail traders in Japan?","plainText":"Domestic retail FX leverage is capped by regulation, commonly at 25x, which limits how large a position your deposit can control. Leverage amplifies both gains and losses, and sharp moves can trigger margin calls or losses beyond your deposit. FX is high-risk and unsuitable for money you cannot lose. Watch for unregulated offshore brokers offering much higher leverage — they remove your protections and are often used in scams.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#crypto-fx-leverage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:crypto"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the difference between points and cashback in Japan?","plainText":"Points are a program-issued unit usable within specified stores, apps, or transfers, worth roughly ¥1 each on ordinary spending; cashback is money returned as a statement credit or cash-equivalent balance. Points can outperform through merchant bonuses or travel redemption but carry expiration, devaluation, and restricted use. Cashback is simpler and more certain. Value points at what you will realistically redeem, not the advertised maximum.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-points-vs-cashback","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card-terms","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"Rakuten Card official site","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-point-value:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-point-value","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is one point always worth ¥1?","plainText":"No. Most major points redeem near ¥1 when spent in-store or on the operator’s marketplace, but transferring to airline miles, merchandise, or another currency can yield well under ¥1. A store-locked balance like nanaco is less flexible even at the same nominal rate. Value each point at the redemption you will actually use.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-point-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"nanaco-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service","title":"nanaco points official site","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-limited-time:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-limited-time","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What are limited-time points?","plainText":"Limited-time points have a fixed, often short deadline and sometimes narrower redemption options than ordinary points. Rakuten, d POINT, and PayPay all distinguish some form of ordinary and limited-use rewards. Always check whether a headline bonus is ordinary or limited, spend limited-time points first, and set a reminder before they expire.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-limited-time","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten SPU (Super Point Up) program","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-no-expiry:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-no-expiry","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which major points do not expire?","plainText":"Ordinary PayPay Points currently have no expiration, while PayPay limited-time points do. Among cards, Saison Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) also do not expire. Most other programs use a one- to two-year window or extend the balance with activity, so a program with no expiry reduces the risk of losing a slowly accumulating balance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-no-expiry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"saison-gold-amex","publisher":"Credit Saison","title":"Saison Card official site","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-overspend:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-overspend","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I spend more to earn points?","plainText":"No. A one-percent reward never justifies buying something unnecessary. A ¥10,000 purchase made only to earn 100 points is a ¥9,900 loss. Points are a discount on spending you would do anyway — treat them as a rebate on planned purchases, not a reason to buy more or to carry credit-card debt.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-overspend","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","title":"Payment and Settlement Systems","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-revolving:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-revolving","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is it worth using revolving credit to chase points?","plainText":"No. Japanese revolving-credit (リボ払い) interest is high and can overwhelm years of rewards, and missed or late payments harm your credit history. Point optimisation should always assume paying every card in full each month. No reward rate is worth the interest and credit-record risk of carrying a balance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-revolving","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","title":"Payment and Settlement Systems","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-stacking:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-stacking","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I stack store points and card points?","plainText":"Frequently yes, when membership presentation and payment rewards are independently eligible. Scan the store loyalty card or app, then pay with a rewarding card or QR wallet. The key is that each layer must be eligible for the exact payment source — a wallet accepting a card as funding does not prove the charge earns points, and you must not add two rates that both include the same base.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-stacking","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d POINT CLUB official site","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC selected convenience-store/restaurant reward terms","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-avoid-double-count:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-avoid-double-count","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How do I avoid double counting rewards?","plainText":"Determine whether each quoted bonus already includes the base rate and whether all layers can legitimately coexist. For example, do not add a base 0.5% on top of SMBC’s selected-store seven-percent route, which already includes it. Reject any stack where two rates both include the same base reward.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-avoid-double-count","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC selected convenience-store/restaurant reward terms","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-campaign-entry:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-campaign-entry","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do I need to enter Japanese point campaigns?","plainText":"Many require an entry or activation step, and in Japan completing the spending requirement without first entering can produce no bonus. Never assume automatic enrollment. Record the entry timestamp, spending window, eligible merchant, cap, and point type, and note that campaigns often issue limited-time or limited-use points rather than ordinary ones.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-campaign-entry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten SPU (Super Point Up) program","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-campaign-not-track:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-campaign-not-track","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why did my campaign bonus not track?","plainText":"Common reasons include no entry, the wrong funding source, the wrong merchant, the cap already reached, a refund, an app-cookie/tracking failure, or a delayed award date. Check the official campaign terms for the exact eligibility conditions, and remember that many awards are credited later rather than at the point of sale.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-campaign-not-track","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten SPU (Super Point Up) program","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-rakuten-spu:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-rakuten-spu","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is Rakuten SPU?","plainText":"SPU (Super Point Up) is a group-service program that adds Rakuten Ichiba points when you use specified Rakuten services and meet monthly conditions. Several SPU and campaign components are limited-time points that expire faster and are usually non-transferable, so discount them when comparing the item’s final delivered price.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-rakuten-spu","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten SPU (Super Point Up) program","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten or Amazon Japan for points?","plainText":"Rakuten Ichiba earns Rakuten Points at a 1% base plus SPU and campaigns, so integrated Rakuten users can exceed a general card; Amazon Japan earns modest Amazon points, sometimes higher with a linked Mastercard. Compare the item’s delivered price after coupons, shipping, and realistically-valued points, and prefer the ecosystem you already concentrate in.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten SPU (Super Point Up) program","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-point","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten Point official site","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-rakuten-pay-change:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-rakuten-pay-change","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Did Rakuten Pay change its rewards on March 1, 2026?","plainText":"The announced March 1, 2026 program change was postponed, not implemented, so any guide assuming it took effect is outdated. Verify the current terms in the app before relying on a rate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-rakuten-pay-change","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-pay","publisher":"Rakuten Payment","title":"Rakuten Pay official site","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-rakuten-pay-max:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-rakuten-pay-max","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is Rakuten Pay’s current maximum store return?","plainText":"Up to 2.5% at eligible point-card merchants when you present an eligible Rakuten Point Card and meet qualifying Rakuten Cash payment conditions. Without qualifying point-card presentation the maximum is lower, and the point-card rate varies by merchant.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-rakuten-pay-max","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-pay","publisher":"Rakuten Payment","title":"Rakuten Pay official site","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-furusato-points:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-furusato-points","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does Rakuten Furusato Nozei still earn marketplace points?","plainText":"No. From October 1, 2025, portal-awarded shopping points, SPU, and shopping-marathon treatment were removed for Furusato Nozei donations. However, the card issuer may still award its ordinary payment reward where the transaction remains eligible.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-furusato-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-furusato","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten Furusato Nozei","url":"https://event.rakuten.co.jp/furusato/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-dpoint-account:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-dpoint-account","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can non-docomo users join d POINT?","plainText":"Yes. A free d Account can be created by anyone as a private individual, even without a docomo mobile contract. App SMS authentication commonly requires a Japanese phone number, but a docomo line is not required to join or earn.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-dpoint-account","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d POINT CLUB official site","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-dbarai-rate:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-dbarai-rate","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is d払い’s reward rate?","plainText":"About 0.5% d POINT on eligible transactions, rising to roughly 1% before store points when funded by an eligible d Card (0.5% payment plus 0.5% funding bonus). From September 1, 2026 the d Card funding bonus was scheduled to become limited-time/use points.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-dbarai-rate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"dbarai","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d払い (d Barai) official site","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-dbarai-other-card:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-dbarai-other-card","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do other credit cards earn d払い points?","plainText":"No. The d払い wallet does not award its ordinary payment points for other-card funding under current rules. Only eligible d Card funding receives the funding bonus, so do not assume any linked card earns the wallet reward.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-dbarai-other-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"dbarai","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d払い (d Barai) official site","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-dpoint-dbarai:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-dpoint-dbarai","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I stack d POINT and d払い?","plainText":"Yes, at participating stores that support both layers: present the d POINT card for the merchant point and pay with d払い funded by an eligible d Card for roughly 1%. The merchant must participate in both layers, and other-card funding of d払い receives no ordinary points.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-dpoint-dbarai","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d POINT CLUB official site","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dbarai","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d払い (d Barai) official site","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-dcard-gold-worth:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-dcard-gold-worth","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is d Card GOLD worth the fee?","plainText":"Mainly for high eligible docomo billing. Eligible docomo mobile and Docomo Hikari charges can earn ten-percent-equivalent rewards, and a rough break-even against a 1% card is about ¥122,223 of fully eligible annual pre-tax charges — but rounding, exclusions, and caps matter. Without docomo services it is usually less compelling.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-dcard-gold-worth","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"dcard","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d CARD official site","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-ponta-jal:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-ponta-jal","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can Ponta transfer to JAL miles?","plainText":"Yes, ordinarily at two Ponta points to one JAL mile, which makes Ponta a natural fit for JAL flyers. A standard Ponta balance generally expires after one year without an earning or use transaction, so keep it active.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-ponta-jal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"ponta-jal","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"Ponta ↔ JAL mile exchange","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-paypay-vpoint:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-paypay-vpoint","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can PayPay Points become V Points?","plainText":"Yes, one-to-one from 100 points, once per day and up to 30,000 per month. However, the converted V balance has a fixed one-year validity, so exchange to solve an actual redemption need rather than merely moving points between apps.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-paypay-vpoint","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-vpoint-exchange","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points ↔ V Point exchange","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0402/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-vpoint-waon:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-vpoint-waon","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can V Points transfer to WAON POINT?","plainText":"Yes, under current linkage and exchange rules, subject to account linkage. V Points also exchange one-to-one with PayPay Points. Check the current terms before exchanging, and prefer redeeming where the balance stays useful to you.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-vpoint-waon","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"vpoint-official","publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","title":"V Point official site","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"waon-point","publisher":"AEON","title":"WAON POINT official site","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"WAON or nanaco — what is the difference?","plainText":"WAON POINT is AEON’s loyalty currency (earned at AEON-group stores, ~two-year maximum life), while nanaco is Seven & i’s system (earned at Seven-Eleven and Ito-Yokado, points convert to nanaco e-money). Both distinguish the loyalty point from the stored-value electronic money of the same name, and both are largely closed-loop.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-waon-vs-nanaco","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"waon-point","publisher":"AEON","title":"WAON POINT official site","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nanaco-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service","title":"nanaco points official site","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-supermarket-best:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-supermarket-best","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the best rewards setup for supermarkets?","plainText":"Use WAON POINT at AEON-group stores; otherwise use the supermarket’s own program (nanaco at Ito-Yokado, LaCuCa at Life, TOKYU POINT at Tokyu Store). A store’s high-frequency member days and coupons often outweigh a small difference between general cards, so join the program of the store you actually visit weekly.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-supermarket-best","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"waon-point","publisher":"AEON","title":"WAON POINT official site","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nanaco-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service","title":"nanaco points official site","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-seven-eleven-best:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-seven-eleven-best","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is best for Seven-Eleven shoppers?","plainText":"Compare nanaco/Seven benefits with the current eligible convenience-store card bonus (such as SMBC NL’s selected-store smartphone-touch route); the best payment can vary by purchase type. Scan the membership, apply coupons, then pay with the best eligible route.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-seven-eleven-best","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"nanaco-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service","title":"nanaco points official site","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC selected convenience-store/restaurant reward terms","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-lawson-best:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-lawson-best","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is best for Lawson shoppers?","plainText":"Present Ponta or d POINT (Lawson participates in both), then pay with an eligible payment method. Where SMBC NL’s selected-store smartphone-touch route applies, it can reach 7% via the exact eligible path — but iD and physical-card touch are excluded.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-lawson-best","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"ponta-official","publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","title":"Ponta / Recruit point program","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d POINT CLUB official site","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC selected convenience-store/restaurant reward terms","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-familymart-best:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-familymart-best","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is best for FamilyMart shoppers?","plainText":"Use V Point membership (the former T-Point) and FamiPay offers, then the card route actually eligible for the purchase. FamiPay adds a cash-back layer, and a rewarding card or QR wallet earns the payment reward on top of the merchant point.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-familymart-best","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"vpoint-official","publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","title":"V Point official site","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are electronics-store point rates comparable to cash discounts?","plainText":"Only after checking whether card payment lowers the point rate and whether another retailer has a lower cash price. Store-point rates can differ by product and payment method, so compare the final cash price, warranty, and points together — do not buy from a higher-priced store just for more points.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"view-card","publisher":"JR East","title":"View Card official site","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-fuel-percentage:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-fuel-percentage","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How should I compare fuel discounts?","plainText":"Convert any yen-per-litre discount into an effective percentage at the current pump price, then compare it with a general 1% card. A nearby station usually matters more than a theoretically broader network, since the time and detour to a distant station can erase the reward.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-fuel-percentage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"ponta-official","publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","title":"Ponta / Recruit point program","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-food-delivery-worth:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-food-delivery-worth","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are food-delivery points worth the markup?","plainText":"Not necessarily. Delivery menu markups, delivery fees, and service fees can easily exceed the points earned. Compare the menu price, delivery fee, service fee, and coupon value against ordering directly or picking up, and never let points justify a delivery you would not otherwise pay for.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-food-delivery-worth","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d POINT CLUB official site","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-no-fee-cards:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which no-fee cards have a base near 1%?","plainText":"Rakuten Card, PayPay Card, d Card, au PAY Card, and JCB Card W are prominent no-annual-fee examples with an ordinary rate near one percent in their own point system. Choose by the redemption ecosystem you already use, not by the headline rate alone.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-no-fee-cards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card-terms","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"Rakuten Card official site","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-card","publisher":"PayPay Card Corporation","title":"PayPay Card official site","url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dcard","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d CARD official site","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jcb-card-w","publisher":"JCB","title":"JCB Card W official site","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcbcardw.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is SMBC Numberless a 7% card everywhere?","plainText":"No. Seven percent applies only to specified convenience stores and restaurants and only via the exact eligible smartphone contactless (or eligible mobile ordering) route. Physical-card touch and iD are excluded, and because seven percent already includes the base, you must not add a separate 0.5%.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-smbc-7-percent","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-nl","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC Card (NL) numberless card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/numberless.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC selected convenience-store/restaurant reward terms","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-id-vs-touch:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-id-vs-touch","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does iD qualify for SMBC’s selected-store 7%?","plainText":"No, the cited terms exclude iD from that route. iD and QUICPay are contactless rails with no independent point rate and are not interchangeable with Visa/Mastercard/JCB network touch for bonus categories. Always identify which credential is actually being charged before assuming a category bonus.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-id-vs-touch","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC selected convenience-store/restaurant reward terms","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-young-applicant-card:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-young-applicant-card","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a good no-fee card for young applicants?","plainText":"JCB Card W is a strong no-fee general card, but applications are generally limited to people aged 18–39; the no-fee status is retained after 39, so applying while eligible locks it in. Consider JCB’s narrower overseas acceptance if you travel.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-young-applicant-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-card-w","publisher":"JCB","title":"JCB Card W official site","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcbcardw.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-premium-card-worth:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-premium-card-worth","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"When is a premium card worth the fee?","plainText":"Only when its recurring benefit exceeds its fee without a behaviour change. Value lounge count, insurance, hotel benefits, and family cards individually, and do not count lounges at retail walk-in price unless you would otherwise pay it. Never manufacture spending to reach a threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-premium-card-worth","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-gold-nl","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC Card Gold (NL)","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/gold-numberless.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-permanent-points:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-permanent-points","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which card points do not expire?","plainText":"Saison Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) do not expire, which is notable among Japanese programs and helpful for slow accumulators. The Saison Gold American Express is free the first year and can waive the subsequent ¥11,000 fee with at least one annual card use under the cited offer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-permanent-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-gold-amex","publisher":"Credit Saison","title":"Saison Card official site","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-au-gold-worth:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-au-gold-worth","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is the au PAY Gold Card worth the fee?","plainText":"Its high published rates (up to 5% on eligible au PAY auto-charging) are capped and conditional, so compare the autocharge bonus maximum directly with the ¥11,000 fee, plus any eligible mobile benefits. It is best for Ponta and au/UQ users who will actually hit the capped bonus.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-au-gold-worth","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"aupay-card","publisher":"au Financial Service","title":"au PAY Card official site","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-card-investing:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-card-investing","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is card-funded investing?","plainText":"A recurring fund purchase charged to an eligible card through a participating brokerage (SBI/V Points, Rakuten/Rakuten Points, eSmart/Ponta), subject to a monthly limit. Published maximum reward rates depend on card tier and annual-spend or service conditions and are not the ordinary rate for most users.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-card-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-vpoint-invest","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"Olive / SBI card-investment rewards","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/creditmode/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aupay-card","publisher":"au Financial Service","title":"au PAY Card official site","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-card-investing-risk:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-card-investing-risk","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is card-funded investing risk-free yield?","plainText":"No. Points do not remove market risk, fund expense ratios, card fees, annual-spend requirements, or monthly caps. Choose the fund and platform on investment suitability and total cost first, and treat the reward as a secondary tie-breaker — never buy a higher-fee fund or premium card merely to earn more points.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-card-investing-risk","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-vpoint-invest","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"Olive / SBI card-investment rewards","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/creditmode/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-paypay-charge-points:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-paypay-charge-points","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does charging PayPay earn card points?","plainText":"Not automatically. ATM cash top-ups and excluded-card charges generally earn no reward; only specifically eligible routes qualify. A card being accepted as a funding source does not prove the issuer awards points for the funding transaction — verify each layer on the transaction date.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-paypay-charge-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-paypay-points-step:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-paypay-points-step","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does paying with PayPay Points earn Step rewards?","plainText":"No, since June 2, 2026 the portion paid with PayPay Points is excluded from PayPay Step rewards, and PayPay Step now requires identity verification. Ordinary PayPay Points still do not expire, and points cannot be sent or withdrawn.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-paypay-points-step","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-step","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Step reward program","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-aupay-withdraw:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-aupay-withdraw","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can au PAY balance be withdrawn?","plainText":"Eligible au PAY Money can be sent and withdrawn. Withdrawal to au Jibun Bank is free under current terms, while other banks generally cost ¥220 per withdrawal, with a ¥100,000 per-transaction maximum. Ponta points earned through au PAY are separate from withdrawable Money.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-aupay-withdraw","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"aupay-app","publisher":"KDDI","title":"au PAY official site","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-merpay-send:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-merpay-send","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can Merpay balance be sent, and do sales proceeds expire?","plainText":"Verified Merpay balance can be sent under current limits, while promotional paid points generally cannot. Identity verification also removes the 180-day withdrawal/application deadline that otherwise applies to Mercari sales proceeds, so verifying is the key step for active sellers.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-merpay-send","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"merpay-guide","publisher":"Merpay","title":"Merpay official site","url":"https://www.merpay.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-apple-pay-points:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-apple-pay-points","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does Apple Pay change my card’s reward rate?","plainText":"Usually the underlying card credential controls rewards — Apple Pay itself does not create a universal extra reward. However, a merchant category may require a precise Apple Pay route (network touch vs iD vs QUICPay), so identify which rail is used before assuming a category bonus.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-apple-pay-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"apple-pay-jp","publisher":"Apple","title":"Apple Pay in Japan (support)","url":"https://support.apple.com/ja-jp/apple-pay","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-google-wallet-emoney:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-google-wallet-emoney","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which Japanese e-money does Google Wallet support?","plainText":"Official listings include Suica, PASMO, Rakuten Edy, WAON, and nanaco on eligible devices, with top-up rules differing by product, plus QUICPay, iD, and network contactless. A phone bought for another market may lack the required Japanese FeliCa hardware, so some products may not work.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-google-wallet-emoney","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"google-wallet-jp","publisher":"Google","title":"Google Wallet Japan e-money support","url":"https://support.google.com/wallet/answer/12058983","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-emoney-card-points:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-emoney-card-points","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can any card charge e-money and earn card points?","plainText":"No. Suica, WAON, or nanaco may accept the card while the issuer excludes the charge from rewards. Only specifically eligible funding routes earn card points, so never assume an arbitrary card-to-e-money charge earns points — verify the route.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-emoney-card-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"nanaco-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service","title":"nanaco points official site","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"waon-point","publisher":"AEON","title":"WAON POINT official site","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-suica-register:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-suica-register","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Must I register Suica to earn JRE POINT?","plainText":"Yes, the Suica must be linked to a JRE POINT account to earn ride points; unregistered rides and cash earn nothing. Register before travelling, and note that not every Suica transaction is a qualifying JR East ride.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-suica-register","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"jre-suica","publisher":"JR East","title":"JR East Suica / JRE POINT ride rewards","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the Mobile Suica JR East ride rate?","plainText":"Registered Mobile Suica earns one JRE POINT per ¥50 on eligible JR East rides (2%), while registered physical Suica earns one per ¥200 (0.5%). Charging with a View card adds 1.5%, so a View-funded registered Mobile Suica stacks a nominal 3.5% on eligible travel.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-suica-ride-rate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"jre-suica","publisher":"JR East","title":"JR East Suica / JRE POINT ride rewards","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"view-card","publisher":"JR East","title":"View Card official site","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-view-card-worth:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-view-card-worth","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is a View card worth it for occasional riders?","plainText":"Only when the incremental Suica and JR East rewards exceed the ¥524 annual fee and complexity. Against a 0.5% free card, you need roughly ¥52,400 of annual 1.5%-eligible Suica charging to recover the fee from the extra one percentage point alone — so it suits frequent JR East commuters.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-view-card-worth","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"view-card","publisher":"JR East","title":"View Card official site","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jre-suica","publisher":"JR East","title":"JR East Suica / JRE POINT ride rewards","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which is better, ANA or JAL?","plainText":"The airline with better routes, award seats, and alliance partners for your real travel. ANA is Star Alliance; JAL is oneworld. Both miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, and both revised award pricing in 2026, so neither is universally better and a fixed per-mile value is not a fact.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-ana-vs-jal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-mileage","publisher":"All Nippon Airways","title":"ANA Mileage Club","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jal-mileage","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"JAL Mileage Bank","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-ana-expiry:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-ana-expiry","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How long do ANA miles last?","plainText":"ANA miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, so a slowly accumulating balance needs occasional use. ANA also revised its domestic award rules effective May 19, 2026, so older award charts are unsafe.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-ana-expiry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-mileage","publisher":"All Nippon Airways","title":"ANA Mileage Club","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-jal-expiry:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-jal-expiry","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How long do JAL miles last?","plainText":"JAL miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual. JAL domestic awards use base pricing plus JMB PLUS, and tickets issued from October 1, 2026 were subject to announced revisions, so verify current award pricing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-jal-expiry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-mileage","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"JAL Mileage Bank","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-jal-plus:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-jal-plus","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What are JAL PLUS (JMB PLUS) awards?","plainText":"JMB PLUS is a mechanism that raises the required miles above the base price when lower-priced award inventory is unavailable, so the same route can cost more miles at busy times. Value awards against a fare you would actually buy, minus taxes and surcharges.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-jal-plus","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-mileage","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"JAL Mileage Bank","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-mile-value:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-mile-value","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How do I calculate the value of a mile?","plainText":"Mile value = (comparable cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) ÷ miles used. Use the fare you would really buy, not an inflated flexible fare, and remember taxes and surcharges remain on award tickets. Direct conversion often yields under ¥0.5 per point unless the award is genuinely high-value.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-mile-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-mileage","publisher":"All Nippon Airways","title":"ANA Mileage Club","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jal-mileage","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"JAL Mileage Bank","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-transfer-miles:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-transfer-miles","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I transfer points to airline miles?","plainText":"Only when you have a realistic high-value award, the ratio is acceptable, and the destination gives longer or more useful validity. Direct mile conversion often yields under ¥0.5 per point, so transfer to solve a specific redemption you will use — not speculatively.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-transfer-miles","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"ponta-jal","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"Ponta ↔ JAL mile exchange","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ana-mileage","publisher":"All Nippon Airways","title":"ANA Mileage Club","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-minimum-redemption:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-minimum-redemption","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are there minimums for redeeming or transferring points?","plainText":"Yes, many programs redeem only in fixed increments and transfers have minimums — for example, nanaco converts to ANA miles at 500 points for 250 miles, and PayPay↔V Point exchange starts at 100 points. Small minimums reduce the risk of stranded balances.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-minimum-redemption","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"nanaco-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service","title":"nanaco points official site","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-vpoint-exchange","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points ↔ V Point exchange","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0402/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-marriott-expiry:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-marriott-expiry","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"When do Marriott Bonvoy points expire?","plainText":"Generally after 24 months without qualifying activity, so occasional account activity keeps them alive. Marriott ordinarily awards about ten base points per eligible US dollar at most brands, but buying an unnecessary stay merely to extend points is rarely efficient.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-marriott-expiry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"marriott-bonvoy","publisher":"Marriott International","title":"Marriott Bonvoy program terms","url":"https://www.marriott.com/loyalty.mi","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-one-harmony:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-one-harmony","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is One Harmony best for?","plainText":"Repeat stays at Okura, Nikko, and Hotel JAL City properties in Japan and participating locations. It is free to join, offers tier status, and generally extends points two years after qualifying activity, so it can be more practical than an international program for travelers who repeatedly use its Japanese portfolio.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-one-harmony","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"one-harmony","publisher":"Okura Nikko Hotels","title":"One Harmony (Okura Nikko)","url":"https://www.oneharmony.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-beginner-program:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-beginner-program","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which point program should a beginner choose?","plainText":"Choose the ecosystem covering the stores, carrier, or marketplace you already use most — Rakuten, PayPay, d POINT, Ponta, and V Points are the principal general candidates. Begin with one primary program and add a specialist transit or supermarket program only when it creates measurable value.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-beginner-program","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-point","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"Rakuten Point official site","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-foreign-join:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-foreign-join","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can foreign residents join Japanese point programs?","plainText":"Generally yes when they can create the required domestic account and satisfy the program’s terms; nationality is usually less important than residence and account verification. Free loyalty membership is easier than credit-card underwriting, so join point programs first while building financial history.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-foreign-join","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d POINT CLUB official site","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-foreign-first-card:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-foreign-first-card","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a good first credit card for foreign residents?","plainText":"The Rakuten Card (partial English information) and the Epos Card (easy to get, often cited as accessible) are commonly accessible first cards. Establish a bank account, phone, address record, and payment history first, then apply for one card at a time; keep your name spelling consistent everywhere.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-foreign-first-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card-terms","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"Rakuten Card official site","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"epos-card-terms","publisher":"Marui / Epos","title":"Epos Card official site","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-foreign-card-tourist:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-foreign-card-tourist","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can a tourist get a Japanese rewards credit card?","plainText":"Ordinarily no; major cards generally require residence in Japan, a domestic address, a reachable phone, a bank account, and domestic underwriting. A visitor can sometimes use limited supported routes in QR apps, but registration, 3-D Secure, and reward restrictions make foreign cards unreliable for points.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-foreign-card-tourist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card-terms","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"Rakuten Card official site","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-family-pooling:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-family-pooling","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can families pool points and airline miles?","plainText":"Some programs allow designated relatives to share or use points, and airlines like ANA provide specified family award arrangements — but rules differ by program, and family-card purchases only count toward a threshold when the specific terms say so. Verify before assuming aggregation.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-family-pooling","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-mileage","publisher":"All Nippon Airways","title":"ANA Mileage Club","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-best-qr-app:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-best-qr-app","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which QR-payment app is best?","plainText":"PayPay for the broadest coverage and no ordinary-point expiry, Rakuten Pay for Rakuten integration, d払い for docomo/d POINT, au PAY for Ponta/au, and Merpay for active Mercari users. Choose by the ecosystem you already use rather than the headline rate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-best-qr-app","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPay Points help (ordinary vs limited)","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-pay","publisher":"Rakuten Payment","title":"Rakuten Pay official site","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dbarai","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d払い (d Barai) official site","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aupay-app","publisher":"KDDI","title":"au PAY official site","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-break-even:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-break-even","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How do I calculate a card’s annual-fee break-even?","plainText":"Break-even spending = (annual fee − fixed benefits actually used) ÷ premium incremental rate. Do not count lounges at retail walk-in price unless you would otherwise pay it, and never manufacture spending to reach a threshold. A fee is only worth paying for benefits you genuinely use.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-break-even","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-gold-nl","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC Card Gold (NL)","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/gold-numberless.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-sources:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-sources","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How are the rewards facts on this site verified?","plainText":"Every factual rate, fee, expiry, and eligibility claim cites an official first-party source — the issuer, program, airline, or the National Tax Agency — with a verification date. A search snippet is never used as evidence, uncertain values are shown as unknown rather than guessed, and superseded strategies are archived with their change dates.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-sources","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-points-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"NTA — treatment of purchase-linked points","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/law/shitsugi/shotoku/02/37.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-buy-foreigner:en","entityId":"faq:loan-buy-foreigner","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can a foreigner buy property in Japan?","plainText":"Generally yes. Ownership eligibility and mortgage eligibility are separate questions — owning is broadly open regardless of nationality, while financing is the real hurdle.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-buy-foreigner","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-pr-mandatory:en","entityId":"faq:loan-pr-mandatory","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is permanent residence mandatory for a mortgage?","plainText":"Not universally. Some specialist lenders (PRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, Suruga Bank) accept qualifying non-PR residents, and Flat 35 does not always require PR.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-pr-mandatory","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"tokyostar-mortgage","publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","title":"Star Mortgage housing loan","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-pr-still-helpful:en","entityId":"faq:loan-pr-still-helpful","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is PR still helpful for a mortgage?","plainText":"Yes. Permanent residence materially broadens ordinary bank options and usually improves terms, even though it is not universally required.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-pr-still-helpful","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-japanese-spouse:en","entityId":"faq:loan-japanese-spouse","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does a Japanese spouse guarantee mortgage approval?","plainText":"No. A Japanese spouse or guarantor may broaden eligibility with some banks, but it does not replace the credit and affordability review.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-japanese-spouse","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-english-support:en","entityId":"faq:loan-english-support","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which bank has English mortgage support?","plainText":"PRESTIA (SMBC Trust Bank) expressly advertises comprehensive English support. Confirm whether \"English page,\" interpreter, and full English contracting are all provided.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-english-support","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-japanese-language:en","entityId":"faq:loan-japanese-language","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do I need Japanese-language ability?","plainText":"Many lenders require contractual understanding in Japanese; some offer English support. Confirm the language help at each stage before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-japanese-language","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-no-japanese-guarantor:en","entityId":"faq:loan-no-japanese-guarantor","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I borrow without a Japanese guarantor?","plainText":"Some products require no personal guarantor, but collateral, a guarantee company, insurance, and underwriting still apply.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-no-japanese-guarantor","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-overseas-income:en","entityId":"faq:loan-overseas-income","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does overseas income count for a mortgage?","plainText":"Sometimes, but currency, tax, continuity, and document issues can reduce how much a lender recognizes.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-overseas-income","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-bonus-income:en","entityId":"faq:loan-bonus-income","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does bonus income count for affordability?","plainText":"Lenders may count it, but households should not rely on uncertain bonuses — a base-salary-only budget is safer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-bonus-income","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-income-documents:en","entityId":"faq:loan-income-documents","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What income documents are required?","plainText":"Commonly withholding slips, tax certificates, employment evidence, and bank statements; the self-employed provide multiple years of tax returns.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-income-documents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-years-income-history:en","entityId":"faq:loan-years-income-history","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How many years of income history are needed?","plainText":"It is lender-specific; self-employed and variable-income applicants usually need more history.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-years-income-history","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-job-changer:en","entityId":"faq:loan-job-changer","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can a recent job changer get a mortgage?","plainText":"Possibly, but approval may be harder or require explanation; some lenders prefer a full year at the new employer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-job-changer","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-probationary:en","entityId":"faq:loan-probationary","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can a probationary employee qualify?","plainText":"Some lenders decline or postpone; others review case by case.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-probationary","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-contract-employee:en","entityId":"faq:loan-contract-employee","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can a contract employee qualify?","plainText":"Yes with some lenders, but stability and history matter more than for permanent staff.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-contract-employee","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-sole-proprietor:en","entityId":"faq:loan-sole-proprietor","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can a sole proprietor qualify for a mortgage?","plainText":"Yes, usually with multiple tax returns and a conservative, sometimes normalized, income assessment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-sole-proprietor","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-principal:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-principal","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is principal?","plainText":"The outstanding amount borrowed, before interest and fees.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-principal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-interest:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-interest","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is interest?","plainText":"The charge for borrowing, calculated on the outstanding principal at a nominal annual rate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-interest","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-apr:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-apr","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is APR?","plainText":"An annualized all-in borrowing-cost concept. Japanese mortgage comparisons often require calculating it manually from the rate plus fees.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-apr","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-base-rate:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-base-rate","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a base rate?","plainText":"The lender’s reference rate before any discount.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-base-rate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-preferential:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-preferential","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a preferential rate?","plainText":"The base rate minus an approved discount margin.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-preferential","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-discount-disappear:en","entityId":"faq:loan-discount-disappear","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can the discount margin disappear?","plainText":"It can under certain contract conditions. Confirm whether the discount margin is permanent for the term.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-discount-disappear","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-fixed:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-fixed","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a fixed rate?","plainText":"A rate fixed for a defined period or the entire loan.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-fixed","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-variable:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-variable","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a variable rate?","plainText":"A rate that can change under the loan’s review rules, commonly reviewed twice a year.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-variable","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-variable-change-frequency:en","entityId":"faq:loan-variable-change-frequency","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How often can variable rates change?","plainText":"Commonly twice yearly, but contracts differ — read the agreement.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-variable-change-frequency","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-five-year-rule:en","entityId":"faq:loan-five-year-rule","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the five-year rule?","plainText":"A payment-review convention used by some loans that recalculates the payment only every five years. It is not a rate cap.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-five-year-rule","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-125-rule:en","entityId":"faq:loan-125-rule","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the 125% rule?","plainText":"A convention limiting a payment increase to 125% at review. It does not eliminate accrued interest.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-125-rule","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-all-variable-rules:en","entityId":"faq:loan-all-variable-rules","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do all variable mortgages use the five-year/125% rules?","plainText":"No. Some lenders do not use them — check the actual agreement.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-all-variable-rules","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-unpaid-interest:en","entityId":"faq:loan-unpaid-interest","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can unpaid interest occur?","plainText":"Yes, under some payment-limiting structures, when interest exceeds the scheduled payment it can accumulate as unpaid interest.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-unpaid-interest","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-amortization:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-amortization","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is amortization?","plainText":"The scheduled reduction of principal through payments; early payments on a level-payment loan are mostly interest.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-amortization","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-level-principal-interest:en","entityId":"faq:loan-level-principal-interest","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is level principal-and-interest repayment?","plainText":"A structure aiming for a level scheduled payment, subject to rate resets; total interest is higher than level principal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-level-principal-interest","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-level-principal:en","entityId":"faq:loan-level-principal","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is level-principal repayment?","plainText":"Equal principal each month with declining total payments; it saves total interest but starts higher, and not every lender offers it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-level-principal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-collateral:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-collateral","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is collateral?","plainText":"Property pledged to secure repayment; a mortgage lender registers a first-ranking mortgage over it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-collateral","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-mortgage-registration:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-mortgage-registration","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a mortgage registration?","plainText":"The lender’s registered security right over the property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-mortgage-registration","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-guarantee-company:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-guarantee-company","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a guarantee company?","plainText":"An entity that pays the lender after qualifying default and then pursues the borrower for the amount.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-guarantee-company","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-guarantee-erase-debt:en","entityId":"faq:loan-guarantee-erase-debt","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does guarantee performance erase my debt?","plainText":"No. The claim generally transfers to the guarantee company, which then pursues you.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-guarantee-erase-debt","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-total-cost:en","entityId":"faq:loan-total-cost","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the total cost of borrowing?","plainText":"Interest plus origination or guarantee fees, insurance, registration, appraisal, account conditions, and early-repayment costs over your holding period.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-total-cost","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured:en","entityId":"faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the difference between secured and unsecured loans?","plainText":"Secured loans pledge collateral for lower rates and longer terms but risk the asset; unsecured loans cost much more and are unsuitable for long-lived assets.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-secured-vs-unsecured","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-preapproval:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-preapproval","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is preapproval?","plainText":"Preliminary screening on stated information — not a final promise to lend.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-preapproval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-final-approval:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-final-approval","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is final approval?","plainText":"Full borrower and property underwriting after detailed documents and checks.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-final-approval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-approval-fail:en","entityId":"faq:loan-approval-fail","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can final approval fail after preapproval?","plainText":"Yes — if documents differ, the appraisal is weak, insurance is unavailable, employment changes, new debt appears, or the property is ineligible.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-approval-fail","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-preapproval-valid:en","entityId":"faq:loan-preapproval-valid","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How long is preapproval valid?","plainText":"Lender-specific and usually time-limited — confirm the validity period.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-preapproval-valid","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-preapproval-final:en","entityId":"faq:loan-preapproval-final","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the difference between preapproval and final approval?","plainText":"Preapproval screens stated information; final approval fully underwrites you and the property and can still fail.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-preapproval-final","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval:en","entityId":"faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I make an offer before preapproval?","plainText":"It is safer to have preapproval first, so you know the price is financeable.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-offer-before-preapproval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-change-jobs:en","entityId":"faq:loan-change-jobs","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I change jobs after preapproval?","plainText":"Avoid material changes until closing unless disclosed and accepted; a change can undo an approval.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-change-jobs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-check-own-credit:en","entityId":"faq:loan-check-own-credit","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I check my own credit before applying?","plainText":"Yes, if there is any uncertainty about late payments, identity matching, or old accounts.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-check-own-credit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-multiple-applications:en","entityId":"faq:loan-multiple-applications","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can multiple applications affect credit records?","plainText":"Yes. Application inquiries are recorded for a period, including six months at CIC.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-multiple-applications","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-serious-records-remain:en","entityId":"faq:loan-serious-records-remain","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How long do serious credit records remain?","plainText":"Commonly during the contract and up to five years after termination, depending on the organization and event.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-serious-records-remain","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"CIC","title":"Credit Information Center (CIC)","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jicc-credit","publisher":"JICC","title":"Japan Credit Information Reference Center","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-after-decline:en","entityId":"faq:loan-after-decline","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What should I do after a decline?","plainText":"Check credit records, documents, debt-to-income, property eligibility, and lender fit before reapplying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-after-decline","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-late-payment:en","entityId":"faq:loan-late-payment","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens if a loan payment is late?","plainText":"Late-payment charges accrue, but the bigger risk is credit-record damage, acceleration, guarantee performance, and foreclosure.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-late-payment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-how-much-down:en","entityId":"faq:loan-how-much-down","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How much down payment is required?","plainText":"It varies from little or none to 20% or more; a lower LTV often improves pricing and approval.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-how-much-down","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-zero-down-safe:en","entityId":"faq:loan-zero-down-safe","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is zero-down financing safe?","plainText":"It can leave you with negative equity and no cash for fees or repairs if the value dips.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-zero-down-safe","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-ltv:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-ltv","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is loan-to-value (LTV)?","plainText":"The loan divided by the lender-recognized property value or price.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-ltv","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-ltv-over-100:en","entityId":"faq:loan-ltv-over-100","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why can LTV exceed 100%?","plainText":"Some loans include transaction costs, which raises leverage and risk.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-ltv-over-100","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-dti:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-dti","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is debt-to-income?","plainText":"Annual scheduled debt repayments divided by qualifying annual income; it counts all your debts, not just the mortgage.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-dti","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-ratios:en","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-ratios","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What debt ratios does Flat 35 use?","plainText":"Commonly 30% of income below ¥4 million and 35% at ¥4 million or more.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-flat35-ratios","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-repayment-ratio","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 repayment-ratio and simulation","url":"https://www.flat35.com/user/simulation/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-borrow-maximum:en","entityId":"faq:loan-borrow-maximum","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I borrow the maximum approved?","plainText":"Usually not; approval is an underwriting ceiling, not a household financial recommendation.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-borrow-maximum","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-all-savings-down:en","entityId":"faq:loan-all-savings-down","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I use all my savings for the down payment?","plainText":"No. Retain cash for the 6–10% closing costs and an emergency and repair reserve.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-all-savings-down","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-flat35:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-flat35","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is Flat 35?","plainText":"A JHF-partnered, fully fixed-rate mortgage for eligible borrowers and homes, provided through participating financial institutions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-flat35","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-government:en","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-government","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is Flat 35 a government loan?","plainText":"It is provided through participating financial institutions under JHF purchase or guarantee structures — not a direct government loan.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-flat35-government","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-always-35:en","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-always-35","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is Flat 35 always 35 years?","plainText":"No. Shorter Flat 20 and eligible longer Flat 50 structures exist.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-flat35-always-35","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-same-everywhere:en","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-same-everywhere","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is Flat 35’s rate the same everywhere?","plainText":"Base pricing may cluster, but lender fees and products differ — compare the total.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-flat35-same-everywhere","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35-rates","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 product and rate information","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-used-home:en","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-used-home","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can Flat 35 finance a used home?","plainText":"Yes, if eligibility and the property’s technical requirements are met.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-flat35-used-home","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35-tech","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 technical property standards","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/tech/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-second-home:en","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-second-home","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can Flat 35 finance a second home?","plainText":"Certain genuine second-home uses may qualify; confirm the current conditions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-flat35-second-home","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-investment:en","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-investment","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can Flat 35 finance an investment property?","plainText":"No, not as an ordinary rental-investment loan.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-flat35-investment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-flat35s:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-flat35s","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is Flat 35S?","plainText":"A rate-reduction framework for homes meeting qualifying housing-performance standards, applying for specified initial years.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-flat35s","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35s","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35S housing-performance rate reduction","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35s/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-flat35-child:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-flat35-child","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus?","plainText":"A point-based rate reduction connected to qualifying household and housing conditions, applying for specified initial years.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-flat35-child","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35-child","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35_reform/child.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-discounts-permanent:en","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-discounts-permanent","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are Flat 35 discounts permanent?","plainText":"No. Many point reductions apply for specified initial years, not the full term.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-flat35-discounts-permanent","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-variable-risky:en","entityId":"faq:loan-variable-risky","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are variable rates risky?","plainText":"Yes, especially when affordability depends on the starting rate. Choose variable only if you survive a 2–3 point rise without selling.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-variable-risky","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-rate-rise:en","entityId":"faq:loan-rate-rise","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens if rates rise?","plainText":"Interest cost rises; the timing of the payment change depends on the contract’s reset and payment rules.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-rate-rise","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-fixed-risk-free:en","entityId":"faq:loan-fixed-risk-free","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is a fixed rate risk-free?","plainText":"No. It removes specified interest-rate risk, not income, property, inflation, or life risk.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-fixed-risk-free","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-fixed-period:en","entityId":"faq:loan-fixed-period","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a fixed-period mortgage?","plainText":"A loan fixed for an initial period (e.g. 10 years) and repriced afterward at the then-current rate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-fixed-period","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-after-fixed-period:en","entityId":"faq:loan-after-fixed-period","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens after the fixed period?","plainText":"The then-current rate and contractual discount apply, which can be much higher than the initial rate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-after-fixed-period","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-mixed:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-mixed","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a mixed mortgage?","plainText":"Borrowing split between variable and fixed rate types.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-mixed","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-mixing-reduce-risk:en","entityId":"faq:loan-mixing-reduce-risk","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does mixing reduce risk?","plainText":"It reduces concentration in one rate type but does not guarantee the lowest cost.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-mixing-reduce-risk","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-pair-loan:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-pair-loan","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a pair loan?","plainText":"Two separate loans, typically one for each partner, usually on the same property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-pair-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-pair-two-fees:en","entityId":"faq:loan-pair-two-fees","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do pair loans mean two fees?","plainText":"Often yes, because there are two contracts and two registrations.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-pair-two-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-pair-both-tax-relief:en","entityId":"faq:loan-pair-both-tax-relief","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can both partners claim mortgage tax relief?","plainText":"Potentially, according to each partner’s qualifying ownership, debt, and tax position.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-pair-both-tax-relief","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-pair-divorce:en","entityId":"faq:loan-pair-divorce","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens to a pair loan after divorce?","plainText":"Debt and title remain until lawfully transferred or refinanced; agreement between spouses alone does not release the 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maturity.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-early-repayment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-early-always-best:en","entityId":"faq:loan-early-always-best","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is early repayment always best?","plainText":"No; liquidity, tax deductions, and alternative uses of cash matter.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-early-always-best","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-term-vs-payment-reduction:en","entityId":"faq:loan-term-vs-payment-reduction","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which saves more: term or payment reduction?","plainText":"Term reduction usually saves more interest, all else 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sale.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-reverse-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-reverse-exceed-value:en","entityId":"faq:loan-reverse-exceed-value","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can reverse-mortgage debt exceed the home value?","plainText":"Product treatment differs; review recourse, valuation, and the heirs’ options.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-reverse-exceed-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-secured-property-loan:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-secured-property-loan","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a secured property loan?","plainText":"A loan for broader purposes backed by a registered mortgage over real 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deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-deduction-automatic:en","entityId":"faq:loan-deduction-automatic","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is the 2026 mortgage deduction automatic?","plainText":"No; eligibility and filing requirements must be met, and you generally file a return in the first year.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-deduction-automatic","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-mortgage-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Housing-loan tax deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-deduction-income-limit:en","entityId":"faq:loan-deduction-income-limit","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is there an income limit for the 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fire?","plainText":"Ordinary fire insurance generally does not; earthquake insurance is needed.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-fire-earthquake-fire","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"gia-earthquake","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Earthquake insurance guidance","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-earthquake-rebuild:en","entityId":"faq:loan-earthquake-rebuild","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does earthquake insurance rebuild the entire home?","plainText":"Not necessarily; insured amounts are capped (¥50M building / ¥10M contents) and recovery-oriented.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-earthquake-rebuild","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"gia-earthquake","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Earthquake insurance guidance","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-condo-earthquake:en","entityId":"faq:loan-condo-earthquake","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should a condominium owner buy earthquake insurance?","plainText":"Consider cover for the unit and contents while checking the association’s cover for common elements.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-condo-earthquake","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"gia-earthquake","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Earthquake insurance guidance","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-bundle-insurance:en","entityId":"faq:loan-bundle-insurance","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can insurance be bundled with the lender?","plainText":"Yes, but compare external quotes and commissions where permitted.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-bundle-insurance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-records-keep:en","entityId":"faq:loan-records-keep","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What records should I keep after buying?","plainText":"Contracts, important-matters statement, invoices, registrations, loan records, renovation evidence, and tax filings.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-records-keep","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-good-investment:en","entityId":"faq:loan-good-investment","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is Japanese property a good investment?","plainText":"Some assets are; the country label alone does not determine return — underwrite net cash flow and exit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-good-investment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-tokyo-liquid:en","entityId":"faq:loan-tokyo-liquid","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are Tokyo properties always liquid?","plainText":"No; price, size, tenure, building, and micro-location all matter.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-tokyo-liquid","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-regional-yields:en","entityId":"faq:loan-regional-yields","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are regional-city yields better?","plainText":"Gross yields may be higher, often in exchange for vacancy and exit risk.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-regional-yields","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-gross-yield:en","entityId":"faq:loan-gross-yield","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is a high gross yield attractive?","plainText":"Only after verifying costs, rent sustainability, legality, and exit — gross yield is not cash flow.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-gross-yield","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-residential-for-investment:en","entityId":"faq:loan-residential-for-investment","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I use a residential mortgage for investment?","plainText":"No, unless the lender expressly authorizes the use; misstating occupancy has serious consequences.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-residential-for-investment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-misstate-occupancy:en","entityId":"faq:loan-misstate-occupancy","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens if I misstate occupancy?","plainText":"Decline, acceleration, fraud concerns, and insurance or tax consequences may follow.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-misstate-occupancy","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-apartment-loan:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-apartment-loan","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is an apartment-building loan?","plainText":"Business-purpose finance for a whole rental building.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-apartment-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse:en","entityId":"faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are investment loans always nonrecourse?","plainText":"No; Japanese loans are commonly recourse unless the documents say otherwise.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-investment-nonrecourse","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"product:sony-bank:en","entityId":"product:sony-bank","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sony Bank","plainText":"Online bank\nAn online bank popular with residents who want strong foreign-currency features, a well-regarded app, and comparatively English-friendly service.\nMulti-currency accounts and a debit card with competitive FX\nWell-rated app and online-first experience\nNo-fee ATM and transfer allowances depending on account tier\nNo physical branches for in-person service\nSome official documentation is Japanese-first\nNo monthly account fee; ATM/transfer fees depend on tier — verify current schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/sony-bank","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sony-bank"],"families":["family:sony-bank"],"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[{"id":"sony-bank","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:smbc-prestia:en","entityId":"product:smbc-prestia","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","plainText":"Bank (English support)\nThe bank most often recommended for English-language service, multi-currency accounts, and international needs, aimed at globally minded residents.\nEnd-to-end English support and documentation\nMulti-currency and foreign-remittance features\nBranch and phone support in English\nFees can be higher; some are waived above balance thresholds\nPositioned as a premium/international bank\nAccount and transfer fees vary; balance-based fee waivers apply — verify current schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/smbc-prestia","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-trust-bank"],"families":["family:smbc-prestia"],"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-prestia","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-bank:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-bank","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Bank","plainText":"Online bank\nJapan’s large online bank, tightly integrated with the Rakuten ecosystem (card, points, securities) and popular for everyday banking.\nDeep Rakuten points and ecosystem integration\nFee waivers and point earning based on account rank\nSmooth linking to Rakuten Securities for investing\nEnglish support is partial\nBenefits are strongest if you use other Rakuten services\nNo monthly fee; ATM/transfer fees depend on account rank — verify current schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-bank","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-bank"],"families":["family:rakuten-bank"],"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-bank","publisher":"Rakuten Bank","title":"Rakuten Bank","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:shinsei-bank:en","entityId":"product:shinsei-bank","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SBI Shinsei Bank","plainText":"Bank\nA bank historically noted for some English support and foreign-currency services, now part of the SBI group.\nSome English online banking and support\nForeign-currency deposits and remittance options\nTiered benefits program\nTerms and English coverage have changed over time — verify current state\nFeature set varies by program tier\nFees depend on program tier — verify current schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/shinsei-bank","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sbi-shinsei-bank"],"families":["family:shinsei-bank"],"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[{"id":"shinsei-bank","publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","title":"SBI Shinsei Bank","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:japan-post-bank:en","entityId":"product:japan-post-bank","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan Post Bank","plainText":"Bank (nationwide)\nA bank with the widest branch and ATM network in Japan, often accessible for new residents and useful in rural areas.\nNationwide branches and ATMs, including rural areas\nOften accessible for newcomers\nFamiliar for pension and government-related transfers\nApp and digital experience are more traditional\nLimited English at many branches\nBasic account has no monthly fee; some transfer/ATM fees apply — verify current schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/japan-post-bank","relationships":{"providers":["provider:japan-post-bank"],"families":["family:japan-post-bank"],"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[{"id":"yucho","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-card:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Card","plainText":"No-annual-fee credit card\nA no-annual-fee card that earns Rakuten Points. Eligibility, payment settings, and current reward exclusions should be checked in the issuer disclosures.\nNo annual fee for the standard card\nRakuten Points on eligible spending\nOnline application subject to issuer screening\nWatch for revolving-payment (リボ) prompts during signup\nPoint value is highest inside the Rakuten ecosystem\nNo annual fee; interest applies only if you use revolving or installment payments.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:epos-card:en","entityId":"product:epos-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Epos Card","plainText":"No-annual-fee credit card\nA no-annual-fee Visa card issued by Epos Card, with Epos Points and partner benefits subject to current terms.\nNo annual fee for the standard card\nEpos Points on eligible spending\nOnline application; receipt options and timing depend on current issuer procedures\nInterface and support are Japanese-first\nRewards suit those who use partner merchants\nNo annual fee for the base card; interest only on revolving/installment use.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/epos-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:epos-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"epos-card","publisher":"Marui / Epos","title":"Epos Card","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:amex-jp:en","entityId":"product:amex-jp","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"American Express (Japan)","plainText":"Annual-fee rewards card\nThe canonical record represents the American Express Green Card in Japan, with Membership Rewards and conditional benefits documented by the issuer.\nEnglish-language service and application\nTravel insurance and airport-lounge access on eligible cards\nTransferable membership rewards points\nAnnual fees can be significant — justify with actual usage\nAcceptance is narrower than Visa/Mastercard at small merchants\nAnnual fee varies by card tier — compare against the benefits you will use.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/amex-jp","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-jp"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"amex-jp","publisher":"American Express","title":"American Express Japan","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:smbc-card-numberless:en","entityId":"product:smbc-card-numberless","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card (NL)","plainText":"No-annual-fee credit card\nVisa/Mastercard card with no annual fee for the standard card and conditional V Point bonuses.\nNo annual fee for the standard card\nPoints on eligible spending\nOfficial online application subject to screening\nBonus rates require specific conditions\nConfirm revolving-payment and foreign-use fees\nNo annual fee for the standard card; other cards and payment services have separate fees.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/smbc-card-numberless","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-card-numberless"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-nl-product","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card (NL): product","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/numberless.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:jcb-card-s:en","entityId":"product:jcb-card-s","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB Card S","plainText":"No-annual-fee credit card\nJCB-branded no-annual-fee card with J-POINT rewards and benefits subject to issuer terms.\nNo annual fee for the standard card\nPoints on eligible spending\nOfficial online application subject to screening\nBonus rates require specific conditions\nConfirm revolving-payment and foreign-use fees\nNo annual fee for the standard card; other cards and payment services have separate fees.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-card-s","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-card-s"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-card-s-product","publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","title":"JCB Card S: product","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/os_card_s.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:d-card:en","entityId":"product:d-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"d Card","plainText":"No-annual-fee credit card\nNo-annual-fee standard card earning d POINT on eligible use, with ecosystem benefits under current terms.\nNo annual fee for the standard card\nPoints on eligible spending\nOfficial online application subject to screening\nBonus rates require specific conditions\nConfirm revolving-payment and foreign-use fees\nNo annual fee for the standard card; other cards and payment services have separate fees.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/d-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ntt-docomo"],"families":["family:d-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"d-card-product","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO, INC.","title":"d Card: product","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/dcard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:paypay-card:en","entityId":"product:paypay-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PayPay Card","plainText":"No-annual-fee credit card\nNo-annual-fee standard card earning PayPay Points on eligible purchases under current program rules.\nNo annual fee for the standard card\nPoints on eligible spending\nOfficial online application subject to screening\nBonus rates require specific conditions\nConfirm revolving-payment and foreign-use fees\nNo annual fee for the standard card; other cards and payment services have separate fees.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/paypay-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:paypay-card"],"families":["family:paypay-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-card-product","publisher":"PayPay Card Corporation","title":"PayPay Card: product","url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:au-pay-card:en","entityId":"product:au-pay-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"au PAY Card","plainText":"No-annual-fee credit card\nNo-annual-fee standard card earning Ponta Points, with au PAY linkage subject to charging and service rules.\nNo annual fee for the standard card\nPoints on eligible spending\nOfficial online application subject to screening\nBonus rates require specific conditions\nConfirm revolving-payment and foreign-use fees\nNo annual fee for the standard card; other cards and payment services have separate fees.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/au-pay-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:au-financial-service"],"families":["family:au-pay-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"au-pay-card-product","publisher":"au Financial Service Corporation","title":"au PAY Card: product","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/function/promotion/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:smbc-card-gold-numberless:en","entityId":"product:smbc-card-gold-numberless","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Gold (NL)","plainText":"Fee-waivable gold card\nA gold Visa/Mastercard whose ¥5,500 fee becomes permanently free after ¥1,000,000 of qualifying annual spend, which also earns a 10,000-point yearly bonus.\nPermanent fee waiver after ¥1M qualifying annual spend\n10,000-point bonus each year you reach ¥1M\nDomestic airport lounges and card insurance\nBelow ¥1M spend the fee and 0.5% base are less attractive\nQualifying spend excludes some transactions\n¥5,500 annual fee, permanently waived after ¥1,000,000 of qualifying annual spend.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/smbc-card-gold-numberless","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-card-gold-numberless"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-card-gold-numberless-product","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Gold (NL): product","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/gold_numberless.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:smbc-card-platinum-preferred:en","entityId":"product:smbc-card-platinum-preferred","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Platinum Preferred","plainText":"Points-focused platinum card\nA ¥33,000 Visa positioned primarily as a high-return rewards card: about 1% base, elevated rates at preferred merchants and up to 40,000 annual bonus points depending on spend.\nAbout 1% base return with preferred-merchant bonuses\nAnnual bonus points up to 40,000 by spend tier\nConcierge, lounges and travel insurance\nWeighted to points, not unlimited luxury lounge/hotel status\nThe fee needs substantial annual spend to justify\n¥33,000 annual fee; value depends on directing high annual spend to the card.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/smbc-card-platinum-preferred","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-card-platinum-preferred"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-card-platinum-preferred-product","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Platinum Preferred: product","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/platinum_preferred.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:olive-flexible-pay-gold:en","entityId":"product:olive-flexible-pay-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Olive Flexible Pay Gold","plainText":"All-in-one bank + card gold\nAn SMBC platform that combines credit, debit and point-payment modes with a bank account on a single Visa; the gold tier mirrors Gold (NL) economics — ¥5,500 waived permanently after ¥1M annual spend.\nCredit, debit and point-payment in one Visa\nPermanent fee waiver and 10,000-point bonus at ¥1M\nIntegrated with an SMBC bank account\nBest for customers making SMBC their main bank\nCredit mode has stricter age and review rules\n¥5,500 gold fee, permanently waived after ¥1,000,000 of qualifying annual spend in credit mode.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/olive-flexible-pay-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:olive-flexible-pay-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"olive-flexible-pay-gold-product","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"Olive Flexible Pay Gold: product","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:amazon-mastercard:en","entityId":"product:amazon-mastercard","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Amazon Mastercard","plainText":"No-annual-fee co-brand card\nA no-fee Mastercard issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card that earns 2% for Amazon Prime members on Amazon and 1.5% at major convenience stores, with an unusually low overseas fee.\n2% on Amazon for Prime members, 1.5% at major convenience stores\nNo annual fee\nLower overseas processing charge than typical SMBC Mastercard\nOutside Amazon and bonus categories it is a standard ~1% card\nAmazon campaign amounts can be account-specific\nNo annual fee; interest applies only if you use revolving or instalment payments.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/amazon-mastercard","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:amazon-mastercard"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"amazon-mastercard-product","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"Amazon Mastercard: product","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/amazon.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:jcb-card-w:en","entityId":"product:jcb-card-w","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB Card W","plainText":"No-annual-fee card for ages 18–39\nA permanently no-fee JCB with enhanced base rewards, open to applicants aged 18–39; the fee stays free after the cardholder turns 40. JCB’s overseas processing charge is comparatively low.\nPermanently no annual fee (apply at 18–39)\nEnhanced JCB base rewards vs ordinary JCB cards\nComparatively low ~1.60% overseas processing charge\nNew applications limited to ages 18–39\nJCB acceptance can be narrower than Visa/Mastercard abroad\nNo annual fee; interest applies only on revolving/instalment use.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-card-w","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-card-w"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-card-w-product","publisher":"JCB","title":"JCB Card W: product","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcb_w.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:jcb-gold:en","entityId":"product:jcb-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB Gold","plainText":"Mainstream domestic gold card\nA conventional ¥11,000 gold JCB (first year free for qualifying new online applicants) with domestic airport lounges, insurance and lifestyle discounts; paid LoungeKey access is separate from a full Priority Pass package.\nDomestic airport lounges and travel insurance\nFirst year free for qualifying new online applications\nClub Off-style lifestyle discounts\nModest ~0.5% base reward\nPaid LoungeKey is not a full complimentary Priority Pass\n¥11,000 annual fee; first year can be free for qualifying new online applications.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-gold-product","publisher":"JCB","title":"JCB Gold: product","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/gold.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:jcb-platinum:en","entityId":"product:jcb-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB Platinum","plainText":"Value-oriented concierge platinum\nAt ¥27,500 one of Japan’s strongest price-to-service platinums, bundling Priority Pass, a 24-hour concierge, the Gourmet Benefit dining offer and travel insurance.\nPriority Pass and 24-hour concierge\nGourmet Benefit dining (1 of 2 diners free on set courses)\nComprehensive travel insurance\nModest ordinary reward rate\nJCB acceptance is less universal overseas\n¥27,500 annual fee; value comes from concierge, dining and lounge use rather than points.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-platinum-product","publisher":"JCB","title":"JCB Platinum: product","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/platinum.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-gold-card:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Gold Card","plainText":"Low-cost ecosystem gold card\nA ¥2,200 gold Rakuten card in an awkward middle tier: low fee and 1% base, but limited lounge and ecosystem advantages over the free Rakuten Card.\n1% base Rakuten Points\nLimited domestic-lounge usage\nLow ¥2,200 fee\nAdvantages over the free card are narrow\nOften the free Rakuten Card is more efficient\n¥2,200 annual fee; benefits over the free card are limited.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-gold-card-product","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"Rakuten Gold Card: product","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-gold-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-premium-card:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-premium-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Premium Card","plainText":"Rakuten card with travel features\nAn ¥11,000 Rakuten card with a 1% base, published limit up to ¥3,000,000 and Priority Pass — whose value must be judged under current visit limits rather than older unlimited-use assumptions.\nPriority Pass under current visit rules\n1% base with Rakuten Market bonuses\nPublished limit up to ¥3,000,000\nPriority Pass visits are now capped, not unlimited\nCarrying a revolving balance overwhelms rewards\n¥11,000 annual fee; judge Priority Pass value under current visit limits.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-premium-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-premium-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-premium-card-product","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"Rakuten Premium Card: product","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/premium-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-black-card:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-black-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Black Card","plainText":"Rakuten top-tier premium card\nAn access-gated ¥33,000 Rakuten premium card with travel, dining, concierge-style and family-card benefits, aimed at very heavy Rakuten spenders.\nPremium travel, dining and concierge-style benefits\nMultiple family cards\nPriority Pass under current terms\nAccess is gated by Premium tenure and high spend\nMeeting the access condition does not guarantee issuance\n¥33,000 annual fee; access is gated and issuance is not guaranteed.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-black-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-black-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-black-card-product","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"Rakuten Black Card: product","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/black-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:amex-gold-preferred:en","entityId":"product:amex-gold-preferred","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"American Express Gold Preferred","plainText":"Dining and travel rewards card\nA ¥39,600 Membership Rewards card with two free family cards, dining and hotel credits, insurance and lounge access, and large but conditional welcome offers.\nTwo free family cards\nDining and hotel credits with insurance\nMembership Rewards points, transferable to partners\nHigh ongoing fee; separate welcome from long-term value\nSome benefits require thresholds or advance booking\n¥39,600 annual fee including two free family cards; interest via PayFlex applies only if used.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/amex-gold-preferred","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-gold-preferred"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"amex-gold-preferred-product","publisher":"American Express International","title":"American Express Gold Preferred: product","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/gold-preferred-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:amex-platinum:en","entityId":"product:amex-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"American Express Platinum","plainText":"Luxury travel and family-card platinum\nA ¥165,000 platinum with up to four free family cards, the Global Lounge Collection, hotel status, concierge, dining benefits and an ongoing ¥100,000 airline credit.\nGlobal Lounge Collection incl. Centurion Lounges\nHotel status, concierge and dining benefits\nUp to four free family cards + ¥100,000 airline credit\nThe airline credit is not cash and not a sign-up bonus\nJustified only when premium travel services are used\n¥165,000 annual fee including up to four free family cards; strongest for households using premium travel.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/amex-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"amex-platinum-product","publisher":"American Express International","title":"American Express Platinum: product","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/platinum-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:epos-gold-card:en","entityId":"product:epos-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Epos Gold Card","plainText":"Optimizable fee-waivable gold\nA ¥5,000 gold Visa that becomes permanently free by invitation, family-gold referral or ¥500,000 of qualifying annual spend — one of Japan’s most optimizable cards through selected-shop bonuses and annual awards.\nPermanent waiver at just ¥500,000 annual spend\nSelected-shop bonuses (choose 3 categories)\nAnnual-spend point awards and domestic lounges\nOptimizing requires directing spend to selected categories\nSome transactions are excluded from qualifying spend\n¥5,000 annual fee, permanently waived by invitation or after ¥500,000 of qualifying annual spend.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/epos-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:epos-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"epos-gold-card-product","publisher":"Epos Card","title":"Epos Gold Card: product","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/goldcard/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:epos-platinum-card:en","entityId":"product:epos-platinum-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Epos Platinum Card","plainText":"Annual-bonus-optimized platinum\nA Visa platinum: ¥30,000 for direct applicants or ¥20,000 by invitation, with Priority Pass, concierge and annual bonus points starting at 20,000 for ¥1,000,000 of spend.\nPriority Pass and concierge\nAnnual bonus from 20,000 points at ¥1M\nFee can fall to ¥20,000 for invited/high spenders\nBest when annual bonuses offset the fee\nThe annual-bonus program was revised; re-check current terms\n¥30,000 direct or ¥20,000 invited; value depends on annual bonus points.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/epos-platinum-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:epos-platinum-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"epos-platinum-card-product","publisher":"Epos Card","title":"Epos Platinum Card: product","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/platinumcard/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:saison-card-digital:en","entityId":"product:saison-card-digital","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saison Card Digital","plainText":"Instant-issue digital card\nA no-annual-fee numberless card with digital details in as little as five minutes and non-expiring Permanent Points; a ¥1,650 service charge applies only after a full measurement period with no use.\nDigital details in as little as five minutes\nPermanent Points that do not expire in normal use\nNumberless physical card, multiple networks\n¥1,650 charge if fully dormant for the measurement period\nBase rate is a modest ~0.5%\nNo annual fee; a ¥1,650 charge applies only if there is no use across a full annual measurement period.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/saison-card-digital","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-card-digital"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-card-digital-product","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Saison Card Digital: product","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/kohyo/creditcard/digital/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:saison-gold-premium:en","entityId":"product:saison-gold-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saison Gold Premium","plainText":"Lifestyle-category gold card\nAn ¥11,000 gold card, free the following year after ¥1,000,000 of annual spend, with elevated (capped) rewards on movies, convenience stores and cafés.\nNext year free after ¥1M annual spend\nElevated movie, convenience-store and café rewards\nPermanent Points and lounge benefits\nCategory caps limit the advertised maximum rate\nModel category caps before relying on the headline\n¥11,000 annual fee, free the following year after ¥1,000,000 of qualifying annual spend.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/saison-gold-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-gold-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-gold-premium-product","publisher":"Credit Saison","title":"Saison Gold Premium: product","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/kohyo/creditcard/goldpremium/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:saison-platinum-amex:en","entityId":"product:saison-platinum-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saison Platinum American Express","plainText":"Mid-priced travel platinum\nA ¥33,000 American Express platinum with Priority Pass, concierge, travel and dining services and mileage-conversion options.\nPriority Pass and concierge\nMileage-conversion options (e.g. JAL)\nMid-price platinum positioning\nAmerican Express acceptance is narrower than Visa/Mastercard\nMileage value varies by conversion choice\n¥33,000 annual fee; strong mid-price travel card with mileage options.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/saison-platinum-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-platinum-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-platinum-amex-product","publisher":"Credit Saison","title":"Saison Platinum American Express: product","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/kohyo/creditcard/platinumamex/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:d-card-gold:en","entityId":"product:d-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"d Card GOLD","plainText":"Docomo household gold card\nAn ¥11,000 gold card whose value centers on 10% d POINT on eligible docomo/ahamo charges, plus annual-spend benefits, lounges and enhanced phone protection.\n10% d POINT on eligible docomo charges\nAnnual-spend benefit coupon and lounges\nEnhanced mobile-phone protection\nThe 10% excludes parts of a mobile bill\nIt is a household-bill card, not a blanket 10% card\n¥11,000 annual fee; justified mainly by 10% on eligible docomo charges.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/d-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ntt-docomo"],"families":["family:d-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"d-card-gold-product","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d Card GOLD: product","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:d-card-platinum:en","entityId":"product:d-card-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"d Card PLATINUM","plainText":"Heavy-Docomo platinum card\nA ¥29,700 platinum that can earn up to 20% on eligible docomo charges (rate depends on prior monthly shopping), premium lounges and up to ¥200,000 mobile-phone protection.\nUp to 20% on eligible docomo charges\nPremium lounges\nUp to ¥200,000 mobile-phone protection\nThe 20% tier needs high monthly card spend\nHard to justify without heavy docomo and card use\n¥29,700 annual fee; the earn rate on docomo charges depends on prior monthly spend.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/d-card-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ntt-docomo"],"families":["family:d-card-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"d-card-platinum-product","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d Card PLATINUM: product","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/platinum/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:au-pay-gold-card:en","entityId":"product:au-pay-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"au PAY Gold Card","plainText":"au/UQ household gold card\nAn ¥11,000 gold card delivering up to 10% on eligible au/UQ mobile charges and up to a combined 5.5% through eligible au PAY funding and payment, plus lounges; ordinary outside spend stays around 1%.\nUp to 10% on eligible au/UQ mobile charges\nUp to 5.5% via eligible au PAY funding + payment\nAirport lounges and insurance\nHeadline rates require ecosystem conditions and caps\nOrdinary outside spend is around 1%\n¥11,000 annual fee; highly competitive inside the au ecosystem.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/au-pay-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:au-financial-service"],"families":["family:au-pay-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"au-pay-gold-card-product","publisher":"au Financial Service","title":"au PAY Gold Card: product","url":"https://www.au.com/payment/credit-card/gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:paypay-card-gold:en","entityId":"product:paypay-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PayPay Card Gold","plainText":"PayPay ecosystem gold card\nAn ¥11,000 gold card that, from June 2, 2026, awards 11,000 annual PayPay Points after ¥1,000,000 of qualifying spend — offsetting the fee at that threshold — plus LYP Premium, lounges and free ETC.\n11,000 annual points after ¥1M offsets the fee\nLYP Premium and airport lounges\nFree ETC card\nMissing the ¥1M threshold sharply reduces value\nSpending exclusions and the membership year matter\n¥11,000 annual fee, effectively offset by 11,000 points at exactly ¥1,000,000 of qualifying annual spend.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/paypay-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:paypay-card"],"families":["family:paypay-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-card-gold-product","publisher":"PayPay Card","title":"PayPay Card Gold: product","url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:aeon-card-select:en","entityId":"product:aeon-card-select","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"AEON Card Select","plainText":"AEON shopping + banking card\nA no-fee card that combines an AEON credit card, WAON e-money and an AEON Bank account, with Customer Appreciation Day discounts and WAON auto-charge.\n0.5% generally, 1% at eligible AEON group merchants\n5% discount on Customer Appreciation Day\nWAON auto-charge and AEON Bank benefits\nStrongest for planned AEON shopping\nBase rate is modest outside AEON\nNo annual fee; strongest for regular AEON shoppers.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/aeon-card-select","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-select"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"aeon-card-select-product","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"AEON Card Select: product","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/aeoncardselect/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:aeon-gold-card:en","entityId":"product:aeon-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"AEON Gold Card","plainText":"Free invitation-based gold card\nA gold card that is free once issued, adding domestic airport lounges and travel insurance; it is generally an invitation or upgrade product for existing heavy AEON customers.\nNo annual fee once issued\nDomestic airport lounges and travel insurance\nFree enhancement for heavy AEON customers\nInvitation/upgrade only, not open to all applicants\nValue depends on being an existing AEON user\nNo annual fee once issued; typically an invitation or upgrade product.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/aeon-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"aeon-gold-card-product","publisher":"AEON Financial Service","title":"AEON Gold Card: product","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/goldcard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:orico-card-the-point:en","entityId":"product:orico-card-the-point","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Orico Card THE POINT","plainText":"Straightforward 1% no-fee card\nOne of the cleanest no-fee reward cards: 1 Orico Point per ¥100, doubled to 2% for the first six months up to ¥500,000 of qualifying spend, with Orico Mall uplifts and broad conversion options.\n1% base, 2% for the first six months\nOrico Mall bonuses\nConvert to Amazon balance, miles and partners\nPoints need active conversion management\nPoints have program expiration rules\nNo annual fee; 1% base with a 2% introductory period (six months, up to ¥500,000).","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/orico-card-the-point","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:orico-card-the-point"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"orico-card-the-point-product","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Orico Card THE POINT: product","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/the-point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:orico-the-point-premium-gold:en","entityId":"product:orico-the-point-premium-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Orico Card THE POINT PREMIUM GOLD","plainText":"Low-fee electronic-money gold\nFor ¥1,986 it keeps the 1% base and six-month 2% offer while adding 1% at Orico Mall and 0.5% on eligible iD/QUICPay use; among the least expensive cards branded “Gold.”\n1% base plus six-month 2% offer\n1% Orico Mall, 0.5% on iD/QUICPay\nVery low ¥1,986 gold fee\nDoes not match ¥11k–¥30k premium lounge/insurance\nPoints still need conversion management\n¥1,986 annual fee; one of the least expensive Gold cards.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/orico-the-point-premium-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:orico-the-point-premium-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"orico-the-point-premium-gold-product","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Orico Card THE POINT PREMIUM GOLD: product","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/the-point-premium-gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card:en","entityId":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card","plainText":"No-fee bank-group card\nA no-fee card earning about 0.5% base that can reach up to 20% at selected stores when MUFG bank-account, app and merchant conditions align; strongest for MUFG-group customers.\nNo annual fee\nUp to 20% at selected stores under multiple conditions\nMUFG bank and group integration\nBase rate is only ~0.5%\nThe 20% figure requires several stacked conditions\nNo annual fee; best for MUFG account and selected-store users.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mitsubishi-ufj-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mitsubishi-ufj-card-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card: product","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige:en","entityId":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card Gold Prestige","plainText":"MUFG-ecosystem gold card\nAn ¥11,000 gold card (first year free for eligible web applications) with domestic airport lounges, insurance, securities-investment rewards and MUFG selected-store bonuses.\nDomestic airport lounges and insurance\nFirst year free for eligible web applications\nMUFG securities and selected-store rewards\nValue depends on using MUFG Bank and group services\nOtherwise a fee-waivable SMBC/Epos gold may be cheaper\n¥11,000 annual fee; first year free for eligible web applications.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card Gold Prestige: product","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/lineup/goldprestige/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex:en","entityId":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card Platinum American Express","plainText":"Low-fee full-service platinum\nAt ¥22,000 with one free family card, among Japan’s lowest-cost cards offering a conventional platinum mix of Priority Pass, concierge, dining benefit and insurance.\nPriority Pass and 24-hour concierge\nDining benefit and comprehensive insurance\nOne free family card\nLow ordinary reward rate\nAmerican Express acceptance is narrower\n¥22,000 annual fee including one free family card; a service-value platinum, not a points card.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card Platinum American Express: product","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/lineup/platinum_amex/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:view-card-standard:en","entityId":"product:view-card-standard","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"View Card","plainText":"JR East / Suica commuter card\nA ¥524 card whose value comes from Mobile Suica, JR East ticketing and JRE POINT multipliers rather than ordinary 0.5% spending; a specialist commuter card.\nJRE POINT on Mobile Suica charge and JR East travel\nSuica commuter-pass and ticketing integration\nLow ¥524 fee\nLimited value outside JR East territory\nOrdinary shopping rate is only ~0.5%\n¥524 annual fee; a specialist Suica/JR East commuter card.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/view-card-standard","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:view-card-standard"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"view-card-standard-product","publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","title":"View Card: product","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:jre-card:en","entityId":"product:jre-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JRE CARD","plainText":"Station-building shopping card\nA View card, first year free then ¥524, returning up to 3.5% at eligible JRE Card preferred station-building stores while also benefiting Suica and JR East use.\nUp to 3.5% at eligible station-building stores\nSuica and JR East travel benefits\nFirst year free\nGeographic and merchant concentration\nTerms were scheduled to change from Sep 1, 2026\nFirst year free, then ¥524; up to 3.5% at eligible station-building stores.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jre-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:jre-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jre-card-product","publisher":"Viewcard (JR East)","title":"JRE CARD: product","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/jrecard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:view-gold-plus-card:en","entityId":"product:view-gold-plus-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"View Gold Plus Card","plainText":"Premium JR East travel gold\nAn ¥11,000 gold View card adding JR East travel bonuses (e.g. Shinkansen), airport lounges, insurance and annual-spend benefits; strong for frequent JR East and Shinkansen travel.\nJR East travel and Shinkansen bonuses\nAirport lounges and annual-spend benefits\nInsurance package\nNot a superior general-purpose gold outside JR East\nValue depends on frequent rail travel\n¥11,000 annual fee; best for frequent JR East and Shinkansen travellers.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/view-gold-plus-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:view-gold-plus-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"view-gold-plus-card-product","publisher":"Viewcard (JR East)","title":"View Gold Plus Card: product","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/goldplus/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:jal-card:en","entityId":"product:jal-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Card (Regular)","plainText":"Entry JAL mileage card\nAn airline card (first year free, then ¥2,200; the American Express variant costs ¥6,600) earning JAL miles with an initial-flight bonus, 10% boarding bonus and JAL Card Mile Plus; issuer, insurance and fees vary by partner.\nInitial-flight and 10% boarding bonuses\nJAL Card Mile Plus on eligible spend\nOptional Shopping Mile Premium upgrade\nAmex and Suica variants have different fees\nDelivery is commonly around three weeks\nFirst year free, then ¥2,200 (¥6,600 for the American Express variant).","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-card-product","publisher":"JAL Card Co., Ltd.","title":"JAL Card (Regular): product","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jalcard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:jal-club-a-gold:en","entityId":"product:jal-club-a-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL CLUB-A Gold Card","plainText":"Frequent-flyer JAL gold card\nA JAL gold card, mainstream fee ¥17,600 (¥20,900 for Suica/Amex variants, ¥34,100 for Diners), with a 25% flight bonus, enhanced shopping miles and issuer-dependent lounge/insurance.\n25% flight bonus\nEnhanced shopping-mile economics\nIssuer-dependent lounge and insurance\nChoose the variant by network, Suica, lounge and FX\nFees differ across variants\n¥17,600 mainstream (¥20,900 Suica/Amex; ¥34,100 Diners); 25% flight bonus.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-club-a-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-club-a-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-club-a-gold-product","publisher":"JAL Card","title":"JAL CLUB-A Gold Card: product","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jalcard/lineup/clubagold.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:jal-platinum:en","entityId":"product:jal-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Platinum Card","plainText":"Premium JAL international card\nA JAL platinum (JCB and American Express variants around ¥34,100) combining premium JAL airfare bonuses with concierge, a lounge package and insurance; for frequent international JAL travelers.\nConcierge and Priority Pass / lounge package\nPremium JAL airfare bonuses\nComprehensive insurance\nAward availability and surcharges reduce mile value\nBest for frequent premium-cabin redemptions\nAround ¥34,100 (JCB/Amex variants); for frequent international JAL travel.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-platinum-product","publisher":"JAL Card","title":"JAL Platinum Card: product","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jalcard/lineup/platinum.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:ana-general-card:en","entityId":"product:ana-general-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa/Master General Card","plainText":"Entry ANA mileage card\nAn ANA co-brand card (¥2,200 after a free first year) with a 1,000-mile joining bonus, 10% boarding bonus and ANA Card Mile Plus; the true shopping return depends on the mile-conversion course.\n1,000-mile joining bonus and 10% boarding bonus\nANA Card Mile Plus on eligible spend\nFirst year free\nShopping return depends on the mile-conversion course/fee\nAn entry airline card, not a top general-spend card\n¥2,200 after a free first year; standard 1,000-mile joining bonus.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-general-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-general-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-general-card-product","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd. (ANA co-brand)","title":"ANA Visa/Master General Card: product","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/reference/tameru/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:ana-wide-gold-card:en","entityId":"product:ana-wide-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa/Master Wide Gold Card","plainText":"Frequent-flyer ANA gold card\nAn ¥15,400 ANA gold card with a 2,000-mile joining bonus, 25% boarding bonus, lounges, insurance and stronger mile-conversion economics than the general card.\n2,000-mile joining and 25% boarding bonus\nAirport lounges and insurance\nStronger mile-conversion economics\nBest with meaningful ANA flight activity\nInfrequent flyers may prefer flexible points/cashback\n¥15,400 annual fee; 2,000-mile joining bonus and 25% boarding bonus.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-wide-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-wide-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-wide-gold-card-product","publisher":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","title":"ANA Visa/Master Wide Gold Card: product","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/reference/tameru/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:diners-club-card:en","entityId":"product:diners-club-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Diners Club Card","plainText":"Dining and travel charge card\nA ¥29,700 Diners Club card known for strong dining, travel and lounge services and an individualized spending limit rather than a uniform published ceiling; better as part of a multi-card wallet.\nStrong dining and travel privileges\nAirport lounges\nIndividualized (not preset) spending limit\nDiners acceptance is narrower than Visa/Mastercard\nBest as part of a multi-card wallet\n¥29,700 annual fee; strong dining, travel and lounge services.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/diners-club-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:diners-club-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"diners-club-card-product","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","title":"Diners Club Card: product","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/card/lineup/diners_club_card.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:diners-club-premium:en","entityId":"product:diners-club-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Diners Club Premium","plainText":"Ultra-premium dining and travel\nAn invitation ¥165,000 card with free family cards, premium concierge, dining, lounge and travel services and no uniform preset spending limit; for customers valuing service access over transparent cash return.\nPremium concierge, dining, lounges and travel\nFree family cards\nNo uniform preset spending limit\nInvitation-only; criteria are not public\nThe fee requires sustained premium-benefit use\n¥165,000 annual fee including free family cards; invitation product.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/diners-club-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:diners-club-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"diners-club-premium-product","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club","title":"Diners Club Premium: product","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/card/lineup/premium.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:luxury-card-titanium:en","entityId":"product:luxury-card-titanium","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Luxury Card Mastercard Titanium","plainText":"Entry metal premium card\nA ¥55,000 metal Mastercard earning around 1%, with concierge, dining and travel benefits and cashback generally redeemable at 1 point = ¥1; the lowest-cost entry to the Luxury Card lineup.\nMetal card with concierge\nDining and travel benefits\n~1% with 1 point = ¥1 cashback route\nExpensive vs JCB/MUFG platinum\nValue needs actual benefit use\n¥55,000 annual fee; entry metal premium card.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/luxury-card-titanium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:luxury-card-titanium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"luxury-card-titanium-product","publisher":"Aplus Co., Ltd. (Luxury Card)","title":"Luxury Card Mastercard Titanium: product","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/card/titanium/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:luxury-card-black:en","entityId":"product:luxury-card-black","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Luxury Card Mastercard Black","plainText":"Concierge and networking premium\nA ¥110,000 World Elite Mastercard raising the public base return to about 1.25%, with enhanced concierge, dining, limousine and networking benefits and metal construction.\n~1.25% base return\nEnhanced concierge, dining and limousine benefits\nWorld Elite Mastercard, metal card\n1.25% alone cannot justify the fee\nValue comes from substantial benefit use\n¥110,000 annual fee; ~1.25% base plus premium services.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/luxury-card-black","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:luxury-card-black"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"luxury-card-black-product","publisher":"Luxury Card (Aplus)","title":"Luxury Card Mastercard Black: product","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/card/black/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:luxury-card-gold:en","entityId":"product:luxury-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Luxury Card Mastercard Gold","plainText":"Ultra-premium rewards and status\nA ¥220,000 gold-finished metal Mastercard with the lineup’s highest public base return (about 1.5%) and expanded premium services; the most expensive card in this research set.\nHighest public base return (~1.5%)\nGold-finished metal card\nExpanded premium services\nEven high spend cannot offset the fee via rewards alone\nStatus, concierge and travel value must justify it\n¥220,000 annual fee; the most expensive card in this set.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/luxury-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:luxury-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"luxury-card-gold-product","publisher":"Luxury Card (Aplus)","title":"Luxury Card Mastercard Gold: product","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/card/gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:olive-flexible-pay:en","entityId":"product:olive-flexible-pay","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Olive Flexible Pay","plainText":"All-in-one account card (general rank)\nSMBC’s Olive all-in-one card, where one card switches between debit, credit and points modes and links to an SMBC bank account. The general rank has no annual fee and earns V Points.\nOne card switches debit / credit / points modes\nNo annual fee for the general rank\nSelectable benefits and touch-payment point uplifts\nPoint uplifts require the stated merchants and payment method\nValue is tied to using the linked SMBC account and app\nNo annual fee for the general rank; higher ranks carry their own fees.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/olive-flexible-pay","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:olive-flexible-pay"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"olive-flexible-pay-product","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"Olive Flexible Pay: product","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:smbc-card-platinum:en","entityId":"product:smbc-card-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Platinum","plainText":"Service-led platinum card\nSMBC’s flagship Visa Platinum, positioned on premium services — concierge, airport lounges and comprehensive travel insurance — rather than on reward rate. A high annual fee applies.\nConcierge and premium travel services\nAirport lounges and comprehensive travel insurance\nEarns V Points\nHigh annual fee needs the services to justify it\nWeighted to service, not to a high base reward rate\n¥55,000 including tax for the primary card; value comes from premium services.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/smbc-card-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-card-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-card-platinum-product","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Platinum: product","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/platinum.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:jcb-card-w-plus-l:en","entityId":"product:jcb-card-w-plus-l","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB Card W plus L","plainText":"No-fee card for ages 18–39 with add-on benefits\nThe JCB Card W variant that adds optional women-oriented insurance and benefit programs on top of the same permanently free, enhanced-rewards base; new applications are limited to ages 18–39.\nPermanently no annual fee (apply at 18–39)\nEnhanced JCB base rewards, same as JCB Card W\nOptional add-on insurance and benefit programs\nNew applications limited to ages 18–39\nAdd-on programs may carry their own monthly charge\nNo annual fee for the card; optional add-on programs may carry their own charge.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-card-w-plus-l","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-card-w-plus-l"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-card-w-plus-l-product","publisher":"JCB","title":"JCB Card W plus L: product","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcb_w_plus_l.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-pink-card:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-pink-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten PINK Card","plainText":"No-fee card with optional add-on benefits\nA Rakuten Card variant that keeps the same no-fee, Rakuten-Points base as the standard card and adds optional paid benefit programs — a custom-design service, lifestyle discounts and women-oriented insurance.\nNo annual fee for the base card\nEarns Rakuten Points, same as the standard card\nOptional add-on benefit and insurance programs\nAdd-on programs carry their own monthly charge\nBase earning matches the standard Rakuten Card\nNo annual fee for the base card; optional add-on programs carry their own charge.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-pink-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-pink-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-pink-card-product","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"Rakuten PINK Card: product","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-pink-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:aeon-card-waon:en","entityId":"product:aeon-card-waon","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"AEON Card (WAON integrated)","plainText":"No-fee card with integrated WAON e-money\nA no-annual-fee AEON card that combines credit, a cash card function and WAON e-money in one card, earning WAON POINT and offering AEON-group shopping-day discounts.\nNo annual fee\nIntegrated WAON e-money and cash-card function\nAEON-group shopping-day discounts\nBenefits are strongest for AEON-group shoppers\nPoint uplifts require the stated days and merchants\nNo annual fee.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/aeon-card-waon","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-waon"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"aeon-card-waon-product","publisher":"AEON Financial Service","title":"AEON Card (WAON integrated): product","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/aeoncardwaon/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:view-suica-card:en","entityId":"product:view-suica-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"\"View Suica\" Card","plainText":"Suica-integrated commuter card\nJR East’s flagship View card with an integrated Suica: it auto-charges Suica, earns JRE POINT at a higher rate on Suica charge and JR East services, and holds commuter passes. An annual fee applies.\nIntegrated Suica with auto-charge\nHigher JRE POINT on Suica charge and JR East services\nHolds commuter passes on the card\nAn annual fee applies, unlike no-fee general cards\nValue is highest for JR East / Suica users\nAn annual fee applies; verify the current amount on the product page.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/view-suica-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:view-suica-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"view-suica-card-product","publisher":"Viewcard (JR East)","title":"\"View Suica\" Card: product","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/type/viewsuica/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:jal-card-suica:en","entityId":"product:jal-card-suica","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Card Suica","plainText":"Airline card with integrated Suica\nA JAL Card issued with JR East that combines JAL Mileage Bank mile-earning with an integrated Suica, letting cardholders earn JAL miles and, via JRE POINT, top up Suica. An annual fee applies.\nEarns JAL Mileage Bank miles\nIntegrated Suica with JRE POINT top-up\nOptional shopping-mile program for a higher earn rate\nAn annual fee applies; the shopping-mile program costs extra\nBest for people who both fly JAL and use Suica\nAn annual fee applies; an optional shopping-mile program costs extra. Verify current amounts.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-card-suica","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-card-suica"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-card-suica-product","publisher":"JAL Card","title":"JAL Card Suica: product","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jalcard/lineup/suica.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso:en","entityId":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card VIASO","plainText":"No-fee card with automatic cashback\nA no-annual-fee Mitsubishi UFJ Mastercard whose Global Points are automatically converted to a statement cashback once a year, so points never need manual redemption or expire unused.\nNo annual fee\nAutomatic once-a-year cashback of accumulated points\nHigher earn at some registered mobile/ISP partners\nAuto-cashback requires reaching the stated minimum points\nBase rate is modest outside partner uplifts\nNo annual fee; accumulated points auto-convert to a cashback once a year.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card VIASO: product","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/viaso/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:jcb-general-partner-with-point:en","entityId":"product:jcb-general-partner-with-point","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB General / Partner With Point","plainText":"retail card\nJCB General / Partner With Point is a retail card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥1,375 including tax\nEarns J-POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-general-partner-with-point","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-general-partner-with-point"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-general-partner-with-point-product","publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","title":"JCB General / Partner With Point: official product page","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/pwp.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"jcb-general-partner-with-point-lineup","publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","title":"JCB General / Partner With Point: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/lineup/?3000_3010=1","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"jcb-general-partner-with-point-points","publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","title":"J-POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:jcb-linda:en","entityId":"product:jcb-linda","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB LINDA","plainText":"everyday card\nJCB LINDA is a everyday card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns J-POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on JCB\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-linda","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-linda"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-linda-product","publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","title":"JCB LINDA: official product page","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/linda.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jcb-linda-lineup","publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","title":"JCB LINDA: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/lineup/?3000_3010=1","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jcb-linda-points","publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","title":"J-POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jcb-card-r:en","entityId":"product:jcb-card-r","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB Card R","plainText":"everyday card\nJCB Card R is a everyday card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 2% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns J-POINT at about 2% base rate\nAvailable on JCB\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-card-r","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-card-r"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-card-r-product","publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","title":"JCB Card R: official product page","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/card_r.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jcb-card-r-lineup","publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","title":"JCB Card R: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/lineup/?3000_3010=1","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jcb-card-r-points","publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","title":"J-POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:saison-pearl-amex-digital:en","entityId":"product:saison-pearl-amex-digital","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saison Pearl Amex Digital","plainText":"telecom and mobile-payment card\nSaison Pearl Amex Digital is a telecom and mobile-payment card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,100 including tax\nEarns Permanent Points at about 0.5% base rate\nETC available\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,100 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/saison-pearl-amex-digital","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-pearl-amex-digital"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-pearl-amex-digital-product","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Saison Pearl Amex Digital: official product page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/pearl/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"saison-pearl-amex-digital-lineup","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Saison Pearl Amex Digital: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"saison-pearl-amex-digital-points","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Permanent Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/pearl/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:saison-gold-american-express-card:en","entityId":"product:saison-gold-american-express-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saison Gold American Express Card","plainText":"Gold travel card\nSaison Gold American Express Card is a Gold travel card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.75% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Permanent Points at about 0.75% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/saison-gold-american-express-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-gold-american-express-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-gold-american-express-card-product","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Saison Gold American Express Card: official product page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"saison-gold-american-express-card-lineup","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Saison Gold American Express Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"saison-gold-american-express-card-points","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Permanent Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:saison-rose-gold-american-express-card:en","entityId":"product:saison-rose-gold-american-express-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saison Rose Gold American Express Card","plainText":"Gold travel card\nSaison Rose Gold American Express Card is a Gold travel card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.75% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Permanent Points at about 0.75% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/saison-rose-gold-american-express-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-rose-gold-american-express-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-rose-gold-american-express-card-product","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Saison Rose Gold American Express Card: official product page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/rose/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"saison-rose-gold-american-express-card-lineup","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Saison Rose Gold American Express Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"saison-rose-gold-american-express-card-points","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Permanent Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/rosegold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:gold-card-saison:en","entityId":"product:gold-card-saison","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Gold Card Saison","plainText":"Gold travel card\nGold Card Saison is a Gold travel card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Permanent Points at about 0.5% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/gold-card-saison","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:gold-card-saison"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"gold-card-saison-product","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Gold Card Saison: official product page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=gold","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"gold-card-saison-lineup","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Gold Card Saison: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"gold-card-saison-points","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Permanent Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/006/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:saison-gold-associe-amex:en","entityId":"product:saison-gold-associe-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saison Gold Associe Amex","plainText":"Gold everyday card\nSaison Gold Associe Amex is a Gold everyday card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.75% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns Permanent Points at about 0.75% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: Existing eligible Saison member; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/saison-gold-associe-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-gold-associe-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-gold-associe-amex-product","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Saison Gold Associe Amex: official product page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=gold","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"saison-gold-associe-amex-lineup","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Saison Gold Associe Amex: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"saison-gold-associe-amex-points","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Permanent Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/011/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mileageplus-saison-card:en","entityId":"product:mileageplus-saison-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MileagePlus Saison Card","plainText":"airline mileage card\nMileagePlus Saison Card is a airline mileage card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa, Mastercard and American Express. The annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. It earns United MileagePlus at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥3,300 including tax\nEarns United MileagePlus at about 0.5% base rate\nETC available\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥3,300 a year.\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mileageplus-saison-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:mileageplus-saison-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mileageplus-saison-card-product","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"MileagePlus Saison Card: official product page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mileageplus-saison-card-lineup","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"MileagePlus Saison Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mileageplus-saison-card-points","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"United MileagePlus: official programme page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/026/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mileageplus-saison-gold-card:en","entityId":"product:mileageplus-saison-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MileagePlus Saison Gold Card","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nMileagePlus Saison Gold Card is a Gold airline mileage card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa, Mastercard and American Express. The annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns United MileagePlus at a published base rate of about 1.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥22,000 including tax\nEarns United MileagePlus at about 1.5% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥22,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mileageplus-saison-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:mileageplus-saison-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mileageplus-saison-gold-card-product","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"MileagePlus Saison Gold Card: official product page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/mileage/ua-gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mileageplus-saison-gold-card-lineup","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"MileagePlus Saison Gold Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mileageplus-saison-gold-card-points","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"United MileagePlus: official programme page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/027/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mileageplus-saison-platinum-card:en","entityId":"product:mileageplus-saison-platinum-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MileagePlus Saison Platinum Card","plainText":"Platinum airline mileage card\nMileagePlus Saison Platinum Card is a Platinum airline mileage card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is ¥55,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns United MileagePlus at a published base rate of about 1.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥55,000 including tax\nEarns United MileagePlus at about 1.5% base rate\nPremium lounges/concierge depending on brand\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥55,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥55,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mileageplus-saison-platinum-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:mileageplus-saison-platinum-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mileageplus-saison-platinum-card-product","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"MileagePlus Saison Platinum Card: official product page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/mileage/ua-platinum/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mileageplus-saison-platinum-card-lineup","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"MileagePlus Saison Platinum Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mileageplus-saison-platinum-card-points","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"United MileagePlus: official programme page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/028/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:muji-card:en","entityId":"product:muji-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MUJI Card","plainText":"retail card\nMUJI Card is a retail card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Permanent Points / MUJI points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Permanent Points / MUJI points at about 0.5% base rate\nETC available\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/muji-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:muji-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"muji-card-product","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"MUJI Card: official product page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"muji-card-lineup","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"MUJI Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"muji-card-points","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Permanent Points / MUJI points: official programme page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/029/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:loft-card:en","entityId":"product:loft-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Loft Card","plainText":"retail card\nLoft Card is a retail card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Permanent Points at about 0.5% base rate\nETC available\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/loft-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:loft-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"loft-card-product","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Loft Card: official product page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"loft-card-lineup","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Loft Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"loft-card-points","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Permanent Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/030/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:likeme-by-saison-card:en","entityId":"product:likeme-by-saison-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Likeme by Saison Card","plainText":"points card\nLikeme by Saison Card is a points card from Credit Saison, issued on Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Cashback at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Cashback at about 1% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/likeme-by-saison-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:likeme-by-saison-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"likeme-by-saison-card-product","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Likeme by Saison Card: official product page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"likeme-by-saison-card-lineup","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Likeme by Saison Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"likeme-by-saison-card-points","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Cashback: official programme page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/083/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:shop-channel-card-saison:en","entityId":"product:shop-channel-card-saison","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Shop Channel Card Saison","plainText":"retail card\nShop Channel Card Saison is a retail card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Shop Channel points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Shop Channel points at about 0.5% base rate\nETC available\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/shop-channel-card-saison","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:shop-channel-card-saison"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"shop-channel-card-saison-product","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Shop Channel Card Saison: official product page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"shop-channel-card-saison-lineup","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Shop Channel Card Saison: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"shop-channel-card-saison-points","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Shop Channel points: official programme page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/078/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:nimoca-saison-card:en","entityId":"product:nimoca-saison-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"nimoca Saison Card","plainText":"rail and transit card\nnimoca Saison Card is a rail and transit card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns nimoca points at a published base rate of about 0.3% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns nimoca points at about 0.3% base rate\nETC available\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/nimoca-saison-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:nimoca-saison-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"nimoca-saison-card-product","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"nimoca Saison Card: official product page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"nimoca-saison-card-lineup","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"nimoca Saison Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"nimoca-saison-card-points","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"nimoca points: official programme page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/067/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:samurai-blue-card-saison:en","entityId":"product:samurai-blue-card-saison","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Samurai Blue Card Saison","plainText":"design card\nSamurai Blue Card Saison is a design card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Permanent Points at about 0.5% base rate\nETC available\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/samurai-blue-card-saison","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:samurai-blue-card-saison"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"samurai-blue-card-saison-product","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Samurai Blue Card Saison: official product page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"samurai-blue-card-saison-lineup","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Samurai Blue Card Saison: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"samurai-blue-card-saison-points","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Permanent Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/076/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jq-card-saison-gold:en","entityId":"product:jq-card-saison-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JQ Card Saison Gold","plainText":"Gold points card\nJQ Card Saison Gold is a Gold points card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns JR Kyushu Q points / Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns JR Kyushu Q points / Permanent Points at about 0.5% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jq-card-saison-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:jq-card-saison-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jq-card-saison-gold-product","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"JQ Card Saison Gold: official product page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=gold","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jq-card-saison-gold-lineup","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"JQ Card Saison Gold: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jq-card-saison-gold-points","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"JR Kyushu Q points / Permanent Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/092/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:d-card-gold-u:en","entityId":"product:d-card-gold-u","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"d Card Gold U","plainText":"Gold telecom and mobile-payment card\nd Card Gold U is a Gold telecom and mobile-payment card from NTT DOCOMO, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns d POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥3,300 including tax\nEarns d POINT at about 1% base rate\nDomestic lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥3,300 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18–29; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/d-card-gold-u","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ntt-docomo"],"families":["family:d-card-gold-u"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"d-card-gold-u-product","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO, INC.","title":"d Card Gold U: official product page","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/dcard_goldu/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"d-card-gold-u-lineup","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO, INC.","title":"d Card Gold U: issuer card lineup","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/dcard_lineup/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"d-card-gold-u-points","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO, INC.","title":"d POINT: official programme page","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design:en","entityId":"product:aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"AEON Card Select Mickey Mouse Design","plainText":"retail card\nAEON Card Select Mickey Mouse Design is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design-product","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"AEON Card Select Mickey Mouse Design: official product page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/disney_select/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design-lineup","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"AEON Card Select Mickey Mouse Design: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design-points","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"WAON POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:aeon-card-select-toy-story-design:en","entityId":"product:aeon-card-select-toy-story-design","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"AEON Card Select Toy Story Design","plainText":"retail card\nAEON Card Select Toy Story Design is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/aeon-card-select-toy-story-design","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-select-toy-story-design"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"aeon-card-select-toy-story-design-product","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"AEON Card Select Toy Story Design: official product page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/toystory_select/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-card-select-toy-story-design-lineup","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"AEON Card Select Toy Story Design: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-card-select-toy-story-design-points","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"WAON POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:aeon-card-select-minions:en","entityId":"product:aeon-card-select-minions","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"AEON Card Select Minions","plainText":"design card\nAEON Card Select Minions is a design card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/aeon-card-select-minions","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-select-minions"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"aeon-card-select-minions-product","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"AEON Card Select Minions: official product page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/minions_select/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-card-select-minions-lineup","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"AEON Card Select Minions: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-card-select-minions-points","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"WAON POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:aeon-card-minions:en","entityId":"product:aeon-card-minions","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"AEON Card Minions","plainText":"design card\nAEON Card Minions is a design card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/aeon-card-minions","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-minions"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"aeon-card-minions-product","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"AEON Card Minions: official product page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/minions/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-card-minions-lineup","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"AEON Card Minions: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-card-minions-points","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"WAON POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:tgc-card:en","entityId":"product:tgc-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"TGC Card","plainText":"retail card\nTGC Card is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/tgc-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:tgc-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"tgc-card-product","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"TGC Card: official product page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/tgc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"tgc-card-lineup","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"TGC Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"tgc-card-points","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"WAON POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:cosmo-the-card-opus:en","entityId":"product:cosmo-the-card-opus","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Cosmo The Card Opus","plainText":"fuel card\nCosmo The Card Opus is a fuel card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/cosmo-the-card-opus","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:cosmo-the-card-opus"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"cosmo-the-card-opus-product","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"Cosmo The Card Opus: official product page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/cosmo/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"cosmo-the-card-opus-lineup","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"Cosmo The Card Opus: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"cosmo-the-card-opus-points","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"WAON POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:aeon-suica-card:en","entityId":"product:aeon-suica-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"AEON Suica Card","plainText":"rail and transit card\nAEON Suica Card is a rail and transit card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT / JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT / JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance subject to terms\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/aeon-suica-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-suica-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"aeon-suica-card-product","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"AEON Suica Card: official product page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/aeonsuica/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-suica-card-lineup","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"AEON Suica Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-suica-card-points","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"WAON POINT / JRE POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/suica/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jmb-jq-sugoca:en","entityId":"product:jmb-jq-sugoca","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JMB JQ SUGOCA","plainText":"airline mileage card\nJMB JQ SUGOCA is a airline mileage card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns JAL miles / JR Kyushu Q points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns JAL miles / JR Kyushu Q points at about 0.5% base rate\nETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jmb-jq-sugoca","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:jmb-jq-sugoca"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jmb-jq-sugoca-product","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"JMB JQ SUGOCA: official product page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/jmbjqsugoca/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jmb-jq-sugoca-lineup","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"JMB JQ SUGOCA: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jmb-jq-sugoca-points","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"JAL miles / JR Kyushu Q points: official programme page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/jmb_jq_sugoca/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:aeon-jmb-card:en","entityId":"product:aeon-jmb-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"AEON JMB Card","plainText":"airline mileage card\nAEON JMB Card is a airline mileage card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns JAL miles at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/aeon-jmb-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-jmb-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"aeon-jmb-card-product","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"AEON JMB Card: official product page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/jmbwaon/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-jmb-card-lineup","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"AEON JMB Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-jmb-card-points","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"JAL miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:benesse-aeon-card:en","entityId":"product:benesse-aeon-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Benesse AEON Card","plainText":"student card\nBenesse AEON Card is a student card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT / Benesse points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT / Benesse points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/benesse-aeon-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:benesse-aeon-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"benesse-aeon-card-product","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"Benesse AEON Card: official product page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/benesse/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"benesse-aeon-card-lineup","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"Benesse AEON Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"benesse-aeon-card-points","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"WAON POINT / Benesse points: official programme page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/benesse/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:kasumi-card:en","entityId":"product:kasumi-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"KASUMI Card","plainText":"retail card\nKASUMI Card is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/kasumi-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:kasumi-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"kasumi-card-product","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"KASUMI Card: official product page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/kasumi/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"kasumi-card-lineup","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"KASUMI Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"kasumi-card-points","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"WAON POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:sports-authority-card:en","entityId":"product:sports-authority-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sports Authority Card","plainText":"retail card\nSports Authority Card is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Recorded from the issuer's official lineup on 2026-08-13; the card is no longer open to new applications.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nAEON no longer accepts new applications for this card. The details below describe the card as it was last recorded, for existing cardholders.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/sports-authority-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:sports-authority-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"sports-authority-card-lineup","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"Sports Authority Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"sports-authority-card-points","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"WAON POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:kojima-x-bic-camera-card:en","entityId":"product:kojima-x-bic-camera-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Kojima x Bic Camera Card","plainText":"retail card\nKojima x Bic Camera Card is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT / store points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT / store points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/kojima-x-bic-camera-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:kojima-x-bic-camera-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"kojima-x-bic-camera-card-product","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"Kojima x Bic Camera Card: official product page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/kojima/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"kojima-x-bic-camera-card-lineup","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"Kojima x Bic Camera Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"kojima-x-bic-camera-card-points","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"WAON POINT / store points: official programme page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/kojima/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:orico-card-the-point-upty:en","entityId":"product:orico-card-the-point-upty","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Orico Card The Point UPty","plainText":"everyday card\nOrico Card The Point UPty is a everyday card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns Orico Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Orico Points at about 1% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/orico-card-the-point-upty","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:orico-card-the-point-upty"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"orico-card-the-point-upty-product","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Orico Card The Point UPty: official product page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/upty/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"orico-card-the-point-upty-lineup","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Orico Card The Point UPty: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"orico-card-the-point-upty-points","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Orico Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:orico-card-the-gold-prime:en","entityId":"product:orico-card-the-gold-prime","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Orico Card The Gold Prime","plainText":"Gold travel card\nOrico Card The Gold Prime is a Gold travel card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns Orico Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Orico Points at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/orico-card-the-gold-prime","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:orico-card-the-gold-prime"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"orico-card-the-gold-prime-product","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Orico Card The Gold Prime: official product page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/thegoldprime/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"orico-card-the-gold-prime-lineup","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Orico Card The Gold Prime: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"orico-card-the-gold-prime-points","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Orico Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:the-gold:en","entityId":"product:the-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"The Gold","plainText":"Gold travel card\nThe Gold is a Gold travel card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/the-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:the-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"the-gold-product","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"The Gold: official product page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/thegold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"the-gold-lineup","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"The Gold: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"the-gold-points","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Orico points: official programme page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:gold-upty:en","entityId":"product:gold-upty","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Gold UPty","plainText":"Gold everyday card\nGold UPty is a Gold everyday card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥5,500 including tax\nEarns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/gold-upty","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:gold-upty"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"gold-upty-product","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Gold UPty: official product page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/goldupty/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"gold-upty-lineup","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Gold UPty: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"gold-upty-points","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Orico points: official programme page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ex-gold-for-biz-s:en","entityId":"product:ex-gold-for-biz-s","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"EX Gold for Biz S","plainText":"Gold business card\nEX Gold for Biz S is a Gold business card from Orico, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. It earns 暮らスマイル / Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.6% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns 暮らスマイル / Orico points at about 0.6% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: Sole proprietors; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ex-gold-for-biz-s","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:ex-gold-for-biz-s"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ex-gold-for-biz-s-product","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"EX Gold for Biz S: official product page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/business/creditcard/list/exgoldforbiz_s/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ex-gold-for-biz-s-lineup","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"EX Gold for Biz S: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ex-gold-for-biz-s-points","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"暮らスマイル / Orico points: official programme page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/business/creditcard/exgoldforbizs/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ex-gold-for-biz-m:en","entityId":"product:ex-gold-for-biz-m","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"EX Gold for Biz M","plainText":"Gold business card\nEX Gold for Biz M is a Gold business card from Orico, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. It earns 暮らスマイル / Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.6% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns 暮らスマイル / Orico points at about 0.6% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: Corporate representatives; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ex-gold-for-biz-m","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:ex-gold-for-biz-m"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ex-gold-for-biz-m-product","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"EX Gold for Biz M: official product page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/business/creditcard/list/exgoldforbiz_m/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ex-gold-for-biz-m-lineup","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"EX Gold for Biz M: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ex-gold-for-biz-m-points","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"暮らスマイル / Orico points: official programme page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/business/creditcard/exgoldforbizm/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:love-the-earth:en","entityId":"product:love-the-earth","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Love the Earth","plainText":"donation-linked card\nLove the Earth is a donation-linked card from Orico, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/love-the-earth","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:love-the-earth"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"love-the-earth-product","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Love the Earth: official product page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/earth/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"love-the-earth-lineup","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Love the Earth: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"love-the-earth-points","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Orico points: official programme page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:red-feather-card:en","entityId":"product:red-feather-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Red Feather Card","plainText":"donation-linked card\nRed Feather Card is a donation-linked card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on Mastercard\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/red-feather-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:red-feather-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"red-feather-card-product","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Red Feather Card: official product page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/contribution/akaihane/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"red-feather-card-lineup","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Red Feather Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"red-feather-card-points","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Orico points: official programme page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:red-cross-orico-card:en","entityId":"product:red-cross-orico-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Red Cross Orico Card","plainText":"donation-linked card\nRed Cross Orico Card is a donation-linked card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on Mastercard\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/red-cross-orico-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:red-cross-orico-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"red-cross-orico-card-product","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Red Cross Orico Card: official product page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/contribution/redcross/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"red-cross-orico-card-lineup","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Red Cross Orico Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"red-cross-orico-card-points","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Orico points: official programme page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:japan-animal-welfare-society-card:en","entityId":"product:japan-animal-welfare-society-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan Animal Welfare Society Card","plainText":"donation-linked card\nJapan Animal Welfare Society Card is a donation-linked card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on Mastercard\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/japan-animal-welfare-society-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:japan-animal-welfare-society-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"japan-animal-welfare-society-card-product","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Japan Animal Welfare Society Card: official product page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/contribution/jspca/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"japan-animal-welfare-society-card-lineup","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Japan Animal Welfare Society Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"japan-animal-welfare-society-card-points","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Orico points: official programme page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:wild-bird-society-of-japan-card:en","entityId":"product:wild-bird-society-of-japan-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Wild Bird Society of Japan Card","plainText":"donation-linked card\nWild Bird Society of Japan Card is a donation-linked card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on Mastercard\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/wild-bird-society-of-japan-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:wild-bird-society-of-japan-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"wild-bird-society-of-japan-card-product","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Wild Bird Society of Japan Card: official product page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/contribution/birdfun/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"wild-bird-society-of-japan-card-lineup","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Wild Bird Society of Japan Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"wild-bird-society-of-japan-card-points","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"Orico points: official programme page","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold:en","entityId":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card Gold","plainText":"Gold travel card\nMitsubishi UFJ Card Gold is a Gold travel card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Global Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Global Points at about 0.5% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card Gold: official product page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/mucard_goldprestige/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-lineup","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card Gold: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-points","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"Global Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mufg-card-disney-design:en","entityId":"product:mufg-card-disney-design","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MUFG Card Disney Design","plainText":"design card\nMUFG Card Disney Design is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Global Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,375 including tax\nEarns Global Points at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mufg-card-disney-design","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mufg-card-disney-design"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mufg-card-disney-design-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"MUFG Card Disney Design: official product page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/mufgcard_disney/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mufg-card-disney-design-lineup","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"MUFG Card Disney Design: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mufg-card-disney-design-points","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"Global Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio:en","entityId":"product:viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"VIASO mofusand x Sanrio","plainText":"design card\nVIASO mofusand x Sanrio is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns VIASO Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns VIASO Points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"VIASO mofusand x Sanrio: official product page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_mofusand_sanrio/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio-lineup","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"VIASO mofusand x Sanrio: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio-points","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"VIASO Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:viaso-cinnamoroll:en","entityId":"product:viaso-cinnamoroll","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"VIASO Cinnamoroll","plainText":"design card\nVIASO Cinnamoroll is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns VIASO Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns VIASO Points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/viaso-cinnamoroll","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:viaso-cinnamoroll"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"viaso-cinnamoroll-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"VIASO Cinnamoroll: official product page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_cinnamon/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"viaso-cinnamoroll-lineup","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"VIASO Cinnamoroll: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"viaso-cinnamoroll-points","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"VIASO Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:viaso-my-melody:en","entityId":"product:viaso-my-melody","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"VIASO My Melody","plainText":"design card\nVIASO My Melody is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns VIASO Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns VIASO Points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/viaso-my-melody","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:viaso-my-melody"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"viaso-my-melody-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"VIASO My Melody: official product page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_mm/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"viaso-my-melody-lineup","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"VIASO My Melody: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"viaso-my-melody-points","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"VIASO Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:viaso-gudetama:en","entityId":"product:viaso-gudetama","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"VIASO Gudetama","plainText":"design card\nVIASO Gudetama is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns VIASO Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns VIASO Points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/viaso-gudetama","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:viaso-gudetama"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"viaso-gudetama-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"VIASO Gudetama: official product page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_gudetama/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"viaso-gudetama-lineup","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"VIASO Gudetama: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"viaso-gudetama-points","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"VIASO Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:viaso-urawa-reds:en","entityId":"product:viaso-urawa-reds","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"VIASO Urawa Reds","plainText":"design card\nVIASO Urawa Reds is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns VIASO Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns VIASO Points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/viaso-urawa-reds","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:viaso-urawa-reds"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"viaso-urawa-reds-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"VIASO Urawa Reds: official product page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_reds/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"viaso-urawa-reds-lineup","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"VIASO Urawa Reds: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"viaso-urawa-reds-points","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"VIASO Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jizile:en","entityId":"product:jizile","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Jizile","plainText":"everyday card\nJizile is a everyday card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns Global Points at a published base rate of about 1.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Global Points at about 1.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jizile","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:jizile"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jizile-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"Jizile: official product page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/dc_jizile/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jizile-lineup","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"Jizile: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jizile-points","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"Global Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ja-card:en","entityId":"product:ja-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JA Card","plainText":"bank-linked card\nJA Card is a bank-linked card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Global Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,375 including tax\nEarns Global Points at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ja-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:ja-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ja-card-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"JA Card: official product page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/ja/cash_001/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ja-card-lineup","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"JA Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ja-card-points","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"Global Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:eneos-card-s:en","entityId":"product:eneos-card-s","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ENEOS Card S","plainText":"fuel card\nENEOS Card S is a fuel card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns ENEOS points / discounts; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,375 including tax\nEarns ENEOS points / discounts\nRoadside service\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/eneos-card-s","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:eneos-card-s"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"eneos-card-s-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"ENEOS Card S: official product page","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"eneos-card-s-lineup","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"ENEOS Card S: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"eneos-card-s-points","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"ENEOS points / discounts: official programme page","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:eneos-card-p:en","entityId":"product:eneos-card-p","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ENEOS Card P","plainText":"points card\nENEOS Card P is a points card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns ENEOS points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,375 including tax\nEarns ENEOS points\nRoadside service\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/eneos-card-p","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:eneos-card-p"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"eneos-card-p-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"ENEOS Card P: official product page","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"eneos-card-p-lineup","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"ENEOS Card P: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"eneos-card-p-points","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"ENEOS points: official programme page","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:eneos-card-c:en","entityId":"product:eneos-card-c","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ENEOS Card C","plainText":"fuel card\nENEOS Card C is a fuel card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Fuel discount; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,375 including tax\nEarns Fuel discount\nRoadside service\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/eneos-card-c","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:eneos-card-c"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"eneos-card-c-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"ENEOS Card C: official product page","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"eneos-card-c-lineup","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"ENEOS Card C: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"eneos-card-c-points","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"Fuel discount: official programme page","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:gdo-card:en","entityId":"product:gdo-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"GDO Card","plainText":"design card\nGDO Card is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns GDO Points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns GDO Points\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/gdo-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:gdo-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"gdo-card-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"GDO Card: official product page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/gdo/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"gdo-card-lineup","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"GDO Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"gdo-card-points","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"GDO Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/gdo/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:gdo-gold-card:en","entityId":"product:gdo-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"GDO Gold Card","plainText":"Gold travel card\nGDO Gold Card is a Gold travel card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥15,746 including tax. It earns GDO Points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥15,746 including tax\nEarns GDO Points\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥15,746 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥15,746 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/gdo-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:gdo-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"gdo-gold-card-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"GDO Gold Card: official product page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/gdo_gold/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"gdo-gold-card-lineup","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"GDO Gold Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"gdo-gold-card-points","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"GDO Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/gdo_gold/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:skypass-mufg-card:en","entityId":"product:skypass-mufg-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SKYPASS MUFG Card","plainText":"airline mileage card\nSKYPASS MUFG Card is a airline mileage card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Korean Air SKYPASS; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥3,300 including tax\nEarns Korean Air SKYPASS\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥3,300 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/skypass-mufg-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:skypass-mufg-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"skypass-mufg-card-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"SKYPASS MUFG Card: official product page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/skypass/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"skypass-mufg-card-lineup","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"SKYPASS MUFG Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"skypass-mufg-card-points","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"Korean Air SKYPASS: official programme page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/skypass/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:skypass-mufg-gold:en","entityId":"product:skypass-mufg-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SKYPASS MUFG Gold","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nSKYPASS MUFG Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns Korean Air SKYPASS; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Korean Air SKYPASS\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/skypass-mufg-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:skypass-mufg-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"skypass-mufg-gold-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"SKYPASS MUFG Gold: official product page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/skypass_gold/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"skypass-mufg-gold-lineup","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"SKYPASS MUFG Gold: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"skypass-mufg-gold-points","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"Korean Air SKYPASS: official programme page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/skypass_gold/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex:en","entityId":"product:miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Miles & More MUFG Platinum Amex","plainText":"Platinum airline mileage card\nMiles & More MUFG Platinum Amex is a Platinum airline mileage card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥30,800 including tax. It earns Miles & More; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥30,800 including tax\nEarns Miles & More\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥30,800 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥30,800 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"Miles & More MUFG Platinum Amex: official product page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/amex/apply/miles_more/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex-lineup","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"Miles & More MUFG Platinum Amex: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex-points","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"Miles & More: official programme page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/milesandmore_platinum/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mileageplus-mufg-card:en","entityId":"product:mileageplus-mufg-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MileagePlus MUFG Card","plainText":"airline mileage card\nMileagePlus MUFG Card is a airline mileage card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. It earns United MileagePlus; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥5,500 including tax\nEarns United MileagePlus\nAirport lounge benefit stated\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mileageplus-mufg-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mileageplus-mufg-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mileageplus-mufg-card-product","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"MileagePlus MUFG Card: official product page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/mileageplus/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mileageplus-mufg-card-lineup","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"MileagePlus MUFG Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mileageplus-mufg-card-points","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","title":"United MileagePlus: official programme page","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/mileageplus/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:view-card-standard-revo:en","entityId":"product:view-card-standard-revo","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"View Card Standard Revo","plainText":"rail and transit card\nView Card Standard Revo is a rail and transit card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on Visa, Mastercard and JCB\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/view-card-standard-revo","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:view-card-standard-revo"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"view-card-standard-revo-product","publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","title":"View Card Standard Revo: official product page","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/en/card/first/rev.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"view-card-standard-revo-lineup","publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","title":"View Card Standard Revo: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"view-card-standard-revo-points","publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","title":"JRE POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:lumine-card:en","entityId":"product:lumine-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Lumine Card","plainText":"rail and transit card\nLumine Card is a rail and transit card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥1,048 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,048 including tax\nEarns JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,048 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,048 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/lumine-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:lumine-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"lumine-card-product","publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","title":"Lumine Card: official product page","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/lumine.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"lumine-card-lineup","publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","title":"Lumine Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"lumine-card-points","publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","title":"JRE POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jal-card-suica-club-a:en","entityId":"product:jal-card-suica-club-a","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Card Suica Club-A","plainText":"Mid tier airline mileage card\nJAL Card Suica Club-A is a Mid tier airline mileage card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns JAL miles / JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns JAL miles / JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-card-suica-club-a","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:jal-card-suica-club-a"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-card-suica-club-a-product","publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","title":"JAL Card Suica Club-A: official product page","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/jalsuica.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-card-suica-club-a-lineup","publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","title":"JAL Card Suica Club-A: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-card-suica-club-a-points","publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","title":"JAL miles / JRE POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/jalsuica.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:bic-camera-suica-card:en","entityId":"product:bic-camera-suica-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Bic Camera Suica Card","plainText":"rail and transit card\nBic Camera Suica Card is a rail and transit card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on Visa and JCB. The annual fee is ¥524 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Bic points / JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥524 including tax\nEarns Bic points / JRE POINT at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥524 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥524 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/bic-camera-suica-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:bic-camera-suica-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"bic-camera-suica-card-product","publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","title":"Bic Camera Suica Card: official product page","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/en/card/first/bic/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"bic-camera-suica-card-lineup","publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","title":"Bic Camera Suica Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"bic-camera-suica-card-points","publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","title":"Bic points / JRE POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/bicsuica.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle:en","entityId":"product:otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Otona no Kyujitsu Club Middle","plainText":"rail and transit card\nOtona no Kyujitsu Club Middle is a rail and transit card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥2,624 including tax. It earns JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,624 including tax\nEarns JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,624 a year.\nStated eligibility: Age eligibility applies; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,624 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle-product","publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","title":"Otona no Kyujitsu Club Middle: official product page","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/en/otona/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle-lineup","publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","title":"Otona no Kyujitsu Club Middle: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle-points","publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","title":"JRE POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang:en","entityId":"product:otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Otona no Kyujitsu Club Zipang","plainText":"rail and transit card\nOtona no Kyujitsu Club Zipang is a rail and transit card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥4,364 including tax. It earns JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥4,364 including tax\nEarns JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥4,364 a year.\nStated eligibility: Higher age eligibility applies; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥4,364 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang-product","publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","title":"Otona no Kyujitsu Club Zipang: official product page","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/en/card/first/otokyu.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang-lineup","publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","title":"Otona no Kyujitsu Club Zipang: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang-points","publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","title":"JRE POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jal-club-a:en","entityId":"product:jal-club-a","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL CLUB-A Card","plainText":"Mid tier airline mileage card\nJAL CLUB-A Card is a Mid tier airline mileage card from JAL Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns JAL miles at about 0.5% base rate\nEnhanced travel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-club-a","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-club-a"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-club-a-product","publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","title":"JAL CLUB-A Card: official product page","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/card/club_a.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-club-a-lineup","publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","title":"JAL CLUB-A Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-club-a-points","publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","title":"JAL miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jal-diners-card:en","entityId":"product:jal-diners-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Diners Card","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nJAL Diners Card is a Gold airline mileage card from JAL Card, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥30,800 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥30,800 including tax\nEarns JAL miles at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥30,800 a year.\nStated eligibility: 27+ guideline / issuer screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥30,800 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-diners-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-diners-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-diners-card-product","publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","title":"JAL Diners Card: official product page","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/jaldiners_new.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-diners-card-lineup","publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","title":"JAL Diners Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-diners-card-points","publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","title":"JAL miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jal-card-navi:en","entityId":"product:jal-card-navi","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Card navi","plainText":"airline mileage card\nJAL Card navi is a airline mileage card from JAL Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns JAL miles at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18–29 student; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-card-navi","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-card-navi"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-card-navi-product","publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","title":"JAL Card navi: official product page","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/card/navi.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-card-navi-lineup","publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","title":"JAL Card navi: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-card-navi-points","publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","title":"JAL miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jal-club-est-ordinary:en","entityId":"product:jal-club-est-ordinary","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Club EST Ordinary","plainText":"airline mileage card\nJAL Club EST Ordinary is a airline mileage card from JAL Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is ¥7,700 including tax. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥7,700 including tax\nEarns JAL miles at about 1% base rate\nLounge coupons/benefits subject to terms\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥7,700 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20–29; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥7,700 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-club-est-ordinary","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-club-est-ordinary"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-club-est-ordinary-product","publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","title":"JAL Club EST Ordinary: official product page","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/card/est.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-club-est-ordinary-lineup","publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","title":"JAL Club EST Ordinary: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-club-est-ordinary-points","publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","title":"JAL miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jal-club-est-gold-platinum:en","entityId":"product:jal-club-est-gold-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Club EST Gold/Platinum","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nJAL Club EST Gold/Platinum is a Gold airline mileage card from JAL Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB, American Express and Diners Club. The issuer does not publish a single annual fee for this card in the reviewed material. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee stated on the issuer page\nEarns JAL miles at about 1% base rate\nLounge benefits\nStated eligibility: 20–29; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe issuer does not publish a single annual fee for this card in the reviewed material.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-club-est-gold-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-club-est-gold-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-club-est-gold-platinum-product","publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","title":"JAL Club EST Gold/Platinum: official product page","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-club-est-gold-platinum-lineup","publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","title":"JAL Club EST Gold/Platinum: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-club-est-gold-platinum-points","publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","title":"JAL miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-mastercard-general:en","entityId":"product:ana-mastercard-general","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Mastercard General","plainText":"airline mileage card\nANA Mastercard General is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-mastercard-general","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-mastercard-general"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-mastercard-general-product","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA Mastercard General: official product page","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-mastercard-general-lineup","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA Mastercard General: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-mastercard-general-points","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-jcb-general:en","entityId":"product:ana-jcb-general","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA JCB General","plainText":"airline mileage card\nANA JCB General is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-jcb-general","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-jcb-general"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-jcb-general-product","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA JCB General: official product page","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp1.html/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-jcb-general-lineup","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA JCB General: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-jcb-general-points","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-american-express-card:en","entityId":"product:ana-american-express-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA American Express Card","plainText":"airline mileage card\nANA American Express Card is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥7,700 including tax. It earns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥7,700 including tax\nEarns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounge benefit\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥7,700 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥7,700 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-american-express-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-american-express-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-american-express-card-product","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA American Express Card: official product page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/ana-classic-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-american-express-card-lineup","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA American Express Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-american-express-card-points","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"Membership Rewards / ANA miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb:en","entityId":"product:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA To Me Card PASMO JCB","plainText":"airline mileage card\nANA To Me Card PASMO JCB is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Oki Doki/J-POINT, Metro points, ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns Oki Doki/J-POINT, Metro points, ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-product","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA To Me Card PASMO JCB: official product page","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp3.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-lineup","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA To Me Card PASMO JCB: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-points","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"Oki Doki/J-POINT, Metro points, ANA miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard:en","entityId":"product:ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA TOKYU Point ClubQ PASMO Mastercard","plainText":"airline mileage card\nANA TOKYU Point ClubQ PASMO Mastercard is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns V POINT / TOKYU POINT / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns V POINT / TOKYU POINT / ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard-product","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA TOKYU Point ClubQ PASMO Mastercard: official product page","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/anatopclubq/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard-lineup","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA TOKYU Point ClubQ PASMO Mastercard: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard-points","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"V POINT / TOKYU POINT / ANA miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-visa-suica:en","entityId":"product:ana-visa-suica","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa Suica","plainText":"airline mileage card\nANA Visa Suica is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns V POINT / ANA miles / Suica at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns V POINT / ANA miles / Suica at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-visa-suica","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-visa-suica"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-visa-suica-product","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA Visa Suica: official product page","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/anasuica/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-visa-suica-lineup","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA Visa Suica: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-visa-suica-points","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"V POINT / ANA miles / Suica: official programme page","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-visa-wide:en","entityId":"product:ana-visa-wide","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa Wide","plainText":"Mid tier airline mileage card\nANA Visa Wide is a Mid tier airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥7,975 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥7,975 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-visa-wide","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-visa-wide"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-visa-wide-product","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA Visa Wide: official product page","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-visa-wide-lineup","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA Visa Wide: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-visa-wide-points","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-mastercard-wide:en","entityId":"product:ana-mastercard-wide","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Mastercard Wide","plainText":"Mid tier airline mileage card\nANA Mastercard Wide is a Mid tier airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥7,975 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥7,975 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-mastercard-wide","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-mastercard-wide"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-mastercard-wide-product","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA Mastercard Wide: official product page","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-mastercard-wide-lineup","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA Mastercard Wide: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-mastercard-wide-points","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-jcb-wide:en","entityId":"product:ana-jcb-wide","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA JCB Wide","plainText":"Mid tier airline mileage card\nANA JCB Wide is a Mid tier airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥7,975 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥7,975 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-jcb-wide","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-jcb-wide"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-jcb-wide-product","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA JCB Wide: official product page","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp1.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-jcb-wide-lineup","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA JCB Wide: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-jcb-wide-points","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-mastercard-wide-gold:en","entityId":"product:ana-mastercard-wide-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Mastercard Wide Gold","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nANA Mastercard Wide Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥15,400 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nDomestic lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥15,400 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-mastercard-wide-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-mastercard-wide-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-mastercard-wide-gold-product","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA Mastercard Wide Gold: official product page","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-mastercard-wide-gold-lineup","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA Mastercard Wide Gold: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-mastercard-wide-gold-points","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-jcb-wide-gold:en","entityId":"product:ana-jcb-wide-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA JCB Wide Gold","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nANA JCB Wide Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥15,400 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nDomestic lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥15,400 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-jcb-wide-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-jcb-wide-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-jcb-wide-gold-product","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA JCB Wide Gold: official product page","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp1.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-jcb-wide-gold-lineup","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA JCB Wide Gold: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-jcb-wide-gold-points","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-amex-gold:en","entityId":"product:ana-amex-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Amex Gold","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nANA Amex Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥34,100 including tax. It earns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥34,100 including tax\nEarns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥34,100 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥34,100 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-amex-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-amex-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-amex-gold-product","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA Amex Gold: official product page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/ana-gold-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-amex-gold-lineup","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA Amex Gold: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-amex-gold-points","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"Membership Rewards / ANA miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-diners-card:en","entityId":"product:ana-diners-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Diners Card","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nANA Diners Card is a Gold airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥29,700 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥29,700 a year.\nStated eligibility: 27+ guideline / issuer screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-diners-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-diners-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-diners-card-product","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA Diners Card: official product page","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/anadiners_new.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-diners-card-lineup","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA Diners Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-diners-card-points","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-jcb-zero:en","entityId":"product:ana-jcb-zero","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA JCB Zero","plainText":"airline mileage card\nANA JCB Zero is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Recorded from the issuer's official lineup on 2026-08-13; the card is no longer open to new applications.\nNo annual fee\nEarns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on JCB\nANA no longer accepts new applications for this card. The details below describe the card as it was last recorded, for existing cardholders.\nStated eligibility: 18–29; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-jcb-zero","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-jcb-zero"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-jcb-zero-lineup","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA JCB Zero: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-jcb-zero-points","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-visa-platinum-premium:en","entityId":"product:ana-visa-platinum-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa Platinum Premium","plainText":"Platinum airline mileage card\nANA Visa Platinum Premium is a Platinum airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥88,000 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥88,000 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 1.5% base rate\nPriority Pass/concierge\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥88,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 30+ guideline / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥88,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-visa-platinum-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-visa-platinum-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-visa-platinum-premium-product","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA Visa Platinum Premium: official product page","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/platinum/brand/index_ana.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-visa-platinum-premium-lineup","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA Visa Platinum Premium: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-visa-platinum-premium-points","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-jcb-premium:en","entityId":"product:ana-jcb-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA JCB Premium","plainText":"Platinum airline mileage card\nANA JCB Premium is a Platinum airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥77,000 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥77,000 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nPriority Pass/concierge\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥77,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 30+ guideline / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥77,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-jcb-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-jcb-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-jcb-premium-product","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA JCB Premium: official product page","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp1.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-jcb-premium-lineup","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA JCB Premium: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-jcb-premium-points","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-amex-premium:en","entityId":"product:ana-amex-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Amex Premium","plainText":"Platinum airline mileage card\nANA Amex Premium is a Platinum airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥165,000 including tax. It earns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥165,000 including tax\nEarns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nPremium lounge/concierge\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥165,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Invitation/screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥165,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-amex-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-amex-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-amex-premium-product","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA Amex Premium: official product page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/ana-premium-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-amex-premium-lineup","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA Amex Premium: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-amex-premium-points","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"Membership Rewards / ANA miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-diners-premium:en","entityId":"product:ana-diners-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Diners Premium","plainText":"Platinum airline mileage card\nANA Diners Premium is a Platinum airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥170,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns ANA miles; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥170,500 including tax\nEarns ANA miles\nPremium lounges/concierge\nAvailability: invitation only.\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥170,500 a year.\nThe annual fee is ¥170,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-diners-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-diners-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-diners-premium-product","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA Diners Premium: official product page","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/anadiners_premium.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-diners-premium-lineup","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA Diners Premium: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-diners-premium-points","publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","title":"ANA miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:diners-club-business-card:en","entityId":"product:diners-club-business-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Diners Club Business Card","plainText":"Premium business card\nDiners Club Business Card is a Premium business card from Diners Club, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Diners Club Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥29,700 including tax\nEarns Diners Club Rewards\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥29,700 a year.\nStated eligibility: Business owners; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/diners-club-business-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:diners-club-business-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"diners-club-business-card-product","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","title":"Diners Club Business Card: official product page","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/corporate/cardlineup/business.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"diners-club-business-card-lineup","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","title":"Diners Club Business Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"diners-club-business-card-points","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","title":"Diners Club Rewards: official programme page","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/point.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ginza-diners-club-card:en","entityId":"product:ginza-diners-club-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Ginza Diners Club Card","plainText":"Premium everyday card\nGinza Diners Club Card is a Premium everyday card from Diners Club, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Diners Club Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥33,000 including tax\nEarns Diners Club Rewards\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥33,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Issuer screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ginza-diners-club-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:ginza-diners-club-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ginza-diners-club-card-product","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","title":"Ginza Diners Club Card: official product page","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/ginzadiners.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ginza-diners-club-card-lineup","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","title":"Ginza Diners Club Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ginza-diners-club-card-points","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","title":"Diners Club Rewards: official programme page","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/point.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:bmw-diners-card:en","entityId":"product:bmw-diners-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"BMW Diners Card","plainText":"Premium fuel card\nBMW Diners Card is a Premium fuel card from Diners Club, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Diners Club Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥29,700 including tax\nEarns Diners Club Rewards\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥29,700 a year.\nStated eligibility: Issuer screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/bmw-diners-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:bmw-diners-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"bmw-diners-card-product","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","title":"BMW Diners Card: official product page","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/bmwdiners.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"bmw-diners-card-lineup","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","title":"BMW Diners Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"bmw-diners-card-points","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","title":"Diners Club Rewards: official programme page","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/point.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:new-otani-club-diners:en","entityId":"product:new-otani-club-diners","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"New Otani Club Diners","plainText":"Premium travel card\nNew Otani Club Diners is a Premium travel card from Diners Club, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Diners Club Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥29,700 including tax\nEarns Diners Club Rewards\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥29,700 a year.\nStated eligibility: Issuer screening / club conditions; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/new-otani-club-diners","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:new-otani-club-diners"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"new-otani-club-diners-product","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","title":"New Otani Club Diners: official product page","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/newotaniclubdiners.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"new-otani-club-diners-lineup","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","title":"New Otani Club Diners: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"new-otani-club-diners-points","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","title":"Diners Club Rewards: official programme page","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/point.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:luxury-card-black-diamond:en","entityId":"product:luxury-card-black-diamond","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Luxury Card Black Diamond","plainText":"Black / invitation premium card\nLuxury Card Black Diamond is a Black / invitation premium card from Luxury Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥660,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Luxury Card Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥660,000 including tax\nEarns Luxury Card Rewards\nPremium lounges/concierge\nAvailability: invitation only.\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥660,000 a year.\nThe annual fee is ¥660,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/luxury-card-black-diamond","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:luxury-card-black-diamond"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"luxury-card-black-diamond-product","publisher":"Black Card I K.K. / APLUS","title":"Luxury Card Black Diamond: official product page","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/blackdiamond/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"luxury-card-black-diamond-lineup","publisher":"Black Card I K.K. / APLUS","title":"Luxury Card Black Diamond: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/compare/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"luxury-card-black-diamond-points","publisher":"Black Card I K.K. / APLUS","title":"Luxury Card Rewards: official programme page","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/compare/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jal-luxury-card:en","entityId":"product:jal-luxury-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Luxury Card","plainText":"Black / invitation airline mileage card\nJAL Luxury Card is a Black / invitation airline mileage card from Luxury Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥242,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns JAL miles / Luxury Card rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥242,000 including tax\nEarns JAL miles / Luxury Card rewards\nPremium lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥242,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥242,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-luxury-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:jal-luxury-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-luxury-card-product","publisher":"Black Card I K.K. / APLUS","title":"JAL Luxury Card: official product page","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jal-luxury-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-luxury-card-lineup","publisher":"Black Card I K.K. / APLUS","title":"JAL Luxury Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/compare/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-luxury-card-points","publisher":"Black Card I K.K. / APLUS","title":"JAL miles / Luxury Card rewards: official programme page","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/jal/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jal-luxury-card-limited:en","entityId":"product:jal-luxury-card-limited","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Luxury Card Limited","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nJAL Luxury Card Limited is a Gold airline mileage card from Luxury Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥599,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns JAL miles / Luxury Card rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥599,500 including tax\nEarns JAL miles / Luxury Card rewards\nPremium lounges/concierge\nAvailability: limited issue — verify availability.\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥599,500 a year.\nThe annual fee is ¥599,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-luxury-card-limited","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:jal-luxury-card-limited"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-luxury-card-limited-product","publisher":"Black Card I K.K. / APLUS","title":"JAL Luxury Card Limited: official product page","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jal-luxury-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-luxury-card-limited-lineup","publisher":"Black Card I K.K. / APLUS","title":"JAL Luxury Card Limited: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/compare/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-luxury-card-limited-points","publisher":"Black Card I K.K. / APLUS","title":"JAL miles / Luxury Card rewards: official programme page","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/jal/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:smbc-visa-infinite:en","entityId":"product:smbc-visa-infinite","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SMBC Visa Infinite","plainText":"Black / invitation premium card\nSMBC Visa Infinite is a Black / invitation premium card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥99,000 including tax. It earns V POINT; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥99,000 including tax\nEarns V POINT\nPremium lounge/concierge\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥99,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Issuer screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥99,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/smbc-visa-infinite","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-visa-infinite"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-visa-infinite-product","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"SMBC Visa Infinite: official product page","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/infinite.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"smbc-visa-infinite-lineup","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"SMBC Visa Infinite: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"smbc-visa-infinite-points","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"V POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/mem/wp/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred:en","entityId":"product:olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Olive Flexible Pay Platinum Preferred","plainText":"Platinum points card\nOlive Flexible Pay Platinum Preferred is a Platinum points card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. It earns V POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥33,000 including tax\nEarns V POINT at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥33,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Requires Olive account and credit approval; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred-product","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Olive Flexible Pay Platinum Preferred: official product page","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive-account/platinum-preferred/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred-lineup","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Olive Flexible Pay Platinum Preferred: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred-points","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"V POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/mem/wp/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-visa-general-smbc:en","entityId":"product:ana-visa-general-smbc","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa General (SMBC)","plainText":"airline mileage card\nANA Visa General (SMBC) is a airline mileage card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns V POINT / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns V POINT / ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-visa-general-smbc","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:ana-visa-general-smbc"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-visa-general-smbc-product","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"ANA Visa General (SMBC): official product page","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-visa-general-smbc-lineup","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"ANA Visa General (SMBC): issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-visa-general-smbc-points","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"V POINT / ANA miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:visa-line-pay-credit-card-p:en","entityId":"product:visa-line-pay-credit-card-p","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Visa LINE Pay Credit Card P+","plainText":"telecom and mobile-payment card\nVisa LINE Pay Credit Card P+ is a telecom and mobile-payment card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns LINE Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns LINE Points at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on Visa\nAvailability: may be closed to new applications.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/visa-line-pay-credit-card-p","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:visa-line-pay-credit-card-p"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"visa-line-pay-credit-card-p-product","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Visa LINE Pay Credit Card P+: official product page","url":"http://smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/lpay/index2.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"visa-line-pay-credit-card-p-lineup","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Visa LINE Pay Credit Card P+: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"visa-line-pay-credit-card-p-points","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"LINE Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/linepay/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-bank-card:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-bank-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Bank Card","plainText":"bank-linked card\nRakuten Bank Card is a bank-linked card from Rakuten Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; Rakuten Bank account; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-bank-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-bank-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-bank-card-product","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Rakuten Bank Card: official product page","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/card/rc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-bank-card-lineup","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Rakuten Bank Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-bank-card-points","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Rakuten Points: official programme page","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten ANA Mileage Club Card","plainText":"airline mileage card\nRakuten ANA Mileage Club Card is a airline mileage card from Rakuten Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Rakuten Points or ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥550 including tax\nEarns Rakuten Points or ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥550 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card-product","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Rakuten ANA Mileage Club Card: official product page","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-amc-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card-lineup","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Rakuten ANA Mileage Club Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card-points","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Rakuten Points or ANA miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-amc-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-card-academy:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-card-academy","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Card Academy","plainText":"student card\nRakuten Card Academy is a student card from Rakuten Card, issued on Visa and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18–28 student; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-card-academy","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-card-academy"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card-academy-product","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Rakuten Card Academy: official product page","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-card-academy/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-card-academy-lineup","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Rakuten Card Academy: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-card-academy-points","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Rakuten Points: official programme page","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:alpen-group-rakuten-card:en","entityId":"product:alpen-group-rakuten-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Alpen Group Rakuten Card","plainText":"retail card\nAlpen Group Rakuten Card is a retail card from Rakuten Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points / Alpen points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points / Alpen points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/alpen-group-rakuten-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:alpen-group-rakuten-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"alpen-group-rakuten-card-product","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Alpen Group Rakuten Card: official product page","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/alpen-rakuten-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"alpen-group-rakuten-card-lineup","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Alpen Group Rakuten Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"alpen-group-rakuten-card-points","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Rakuten Points / Alpen points: official programme page","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/alpen-group/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mizuho-rakuten-card:en","entityId":"product:mizuho-rakuten-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mizuho Rakuten Card","plainText":"bank-linked card\nMizuho Rakuten Card is a bank-linked card from Rakuten Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; Mizuho account conditions; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mizuho-rakuten-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:mizuho-rakuten-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mizuho-rakuten-card-product","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Mizuho Rakuten Card: official product page","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/mizuho-rakuten-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mizuho-rakuten-card-lineup","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Mizuho Rakuten Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mizuho-rakuten-card-points","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Rakuten Points: official programme page","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:hirogin-rakuten-card:en","entityId":"product:hirogin-rakuten-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Hirogin Rakuten Card","plainText":"bank-linked card\nHirogin Rakuten Card is a bank-linked card from Rakuten Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; regional bank conditions; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/hirogin-rakuten-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:hirogin-rakuten-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"hirogin-rakuten-card-product","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Hirogin Rakuten Card: official product page","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/hirogin-rakuten-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"hirogin-rakuten-card-lineup","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Hirogin Rakuten Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"hirogin-rakuten-card-points","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Rakuten Points: official programme page","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-card-my-color-selection:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-card-my-color-selection","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Card My Color Selection","plainText":"design card\nRakuten Card My Color Selection is a design card from Rakuten Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-card-my-color-selection","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-card-my-color-selection"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card-my-color-selection-product","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Rakuten Card My Color Selection: official product page","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/design-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-card-my-color-selection-lineup","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Rakuten Card My Color Selection: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-card-my-color-selection-points","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Rakuten Points: official programme page","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-card-disney-design:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-card-disney-design","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Card Disney Design","plainText":"design card\nRakuten Card Disney Design is a design card from Rakuten Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-card-disney-design","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-card-disney-design"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card-disney-design-product","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Rakuten Card Disney Design: official product page","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/design-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-card-disney-design-lineup","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Rakuten Card Disney Design: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-card-disney-design-points","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Rakuten Points: official programme page","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-card-sanrio-designs:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-card-sanrio-designs","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Card Sanrio Designs","plainText":"design card\nRakuten Card Sanrio Designs is a design card from Rakuten Card, issued on Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-card-sanrio-designs","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-card-sanrio-designs"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card-sanrio-designs-product","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Rakuten Card Sanrio Designs: official product page","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/design-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-card-sanrio-designs-lineup","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Rakuten Card Sanrio Designs: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-card-sanrio-designs-points","publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Rakuten Points: official programme page","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jq-card-epos-gold:en","entityId":"product:jq-card-epos-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JQ Card Epos Gold","plainText":"Gold points card\nJQ Card Epos Gold is a Gold points card from Epos Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥5,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Epos Points / JR Kyushu Q points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥5,000 including tax\nEarns Epos Points / JR Kyushu Q points at about 0.5% base rate\nDomestic lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / conditions; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥5,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jq-card-epos-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:jq-card-epos-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jq-card-epos-gold-product","publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","title":"JQ Card Epos Gold: official product page","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/collabo/jq/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jq-card-epos-gold-lineup","publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","title":"JQ Card Epos Gold: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/cardlineup/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jq-card-epos-gold-points","publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Epos Points / JR Kyushu Q points: official programme page","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/gecard/jq/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mga-epos-card:en","entityId":"product:mga-epos-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MGA Epos Card","plainText":"design card\nMGA Epos Card is a design card from Epos Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Epos Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Epos Points at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mga-epos-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:mga-epos-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mga-epos-card-product","publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","title":"MGA Epos Card: official product page","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/gecard/ec00007/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mga-epos-card-lineup","publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","title":"MGA Epos Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/cardlineup/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mga-epos-card-points","publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Epos Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:chiikawa-epos-card:en","entityId":"product:chiikawa-epos-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Chiikawa Epos Card","plainText":"design card\nChiikawa Epos Card is a design card from Epos Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Epos Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Epos Points at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/chiikawa-epos-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:chiikawa-epos-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"chiikawa-epos-card-product","publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Chiikawa Epos Card: official product page","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/gecard/chiikawa/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"chiikawa-epos-card-lineup","publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Chiikawa Epos Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/cardlineup/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"chiikawa-epos-card-points","publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Epos Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:sumikko-gurashi-epos-card:en","entityId":"product:sumikko-gurashi-epos-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sumikko Gurashi Epos Card","plainText":"design card\nSumikko Gurashi Epos Card is a design card from Epos Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Epos Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Epos Points at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/sumikko-gurashi-epos-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:sumikko-gurashi-epos-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"sumikko-gurashi-epos-card-product","publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Sumikko Gurashi Epos Card: official product page","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/gecard/sumikko/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"sumikko-gurashi-epos-card-lineup","publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Sumikko Gurashi Epos Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/cardlineup/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"sumikko-gurashi-epos-card-points","publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Epos Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:american-express-centurion:en","entityId":"product:american-express-centurion","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"American Express Centurion","plainText":"Black / invitation premium card\nAmerican Express Centurion is a Black / invitation premium card from American Express, issued on American Express. The issuer does not publish a single annual fee for this card in the reviewed material. It earns Membership Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee stated on the issuer page\nEarns Membership Rewards\nPremium lounges/concierge\nAvailability: invitation only.\nStated eligibility: Invitation; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe issuer does not publish a single annual fee for this card in the reviewed material.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/american-express-centurion","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:american-express-centurion"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"american-express-centurion-product","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"American Express Centurion: official product page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/benefits/centurion/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"american-express-centurion-lineup","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"American Express Centurion: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"american-express-centurion-points","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Membership Rewards: official programme page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:marriott-bonvoy-amex:en","entityId":"product:marriott-bonvoy-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Marriott Bonvoy Amex","plainText":"travel card\nMarriott Bonvoy Amex is a travel card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥34,100 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Marriott Bonvoy points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥34,100 including tax\nEarns Marriott Bonvoy points\nHotel benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥34,100 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥34,100 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/marriott-bonvoy-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:marriott-bonvoy-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"marriott-bonvoy-amex-product","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Marriott Bonvoy Amex: official product page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/marriott-bonvoy-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"marriott-bonvoy-amex-lineup","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Marriott Bonvoy Amex: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"marriott-bonvoy-amex-points","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Marriott Bonvoy points: official programme page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/marriott-bonvoy-premium-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium:en","entityId":"product:marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Marriott Bonvoy Amex Premium","plainText":"Premium travel card\nMarriott Bonvoy Amex Premium is a Premium travel card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥82,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Marriott Bonvoy points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥82,500 including tax\nEarns Marriott Bonvoy points\nHotel benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥82,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥82,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium-product","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Marriott Bonvoy Amex Premium: official product page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/marriott-bonvoy-premium/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium-lineup","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Marriott Bonvoy Amex Premium: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium-points","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Marriott Bonvoy points: official programme page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/marriott-bonvoy-premium-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:hilton-honors-amex:en","entityId":"product:hilton-honors-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Hilton Honors Amex","plainText":"travel card\nHilton Honors Amex is a travel card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Hilton Honors points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥16,500 including tax\nEarns Hilton Honors points\nHotel benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥16,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/hilton-honors-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:hilton-honors-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"hilton-honors-amex-product","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Hilton Honors Amex: official product page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/hilton-classic-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"hilton-honors-amex-lineup","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Hilton Honors Amex: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"hilton-honors-amex-points","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Hilton Honors points: official programme page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/hilton-premium-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:hilton-honors-amex-premium:en","entityId":"product:hilton-honors-amex-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Hilton Honors Amex Premium","plainText":"Premium travel card\nHilton Honors Amex Premium is a Premium travel card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥66,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Hilton Honors points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥66,000 including tax\nEarns Hilton Honors points\nHotel benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥66,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥66,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/hilton-honors-amex-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:hilton-honors-amex-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"hilton-honors-amex-premium-product","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Hilton Honors Amex Premium: official product page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/hilton-premium-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"hilton-honors-amex-premium-lineup","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Hilton Honors Amex Premium: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"hilton-honors-amex-premium-points","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Hilton Honors points: official programme page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/hilton-premium-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:delta-skymiles-amex:en","entityId":"product:delta-skymiles-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Delta SkyMiles Amex","plainText":"airline mileage card\nDelta SkyMiles Amex is a airline mileage card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥13,200 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Delta SkyMiles; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥13,200 including tax\nEarns Delta SkyMiles\nAirport lounge benefit\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥13,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥13,200 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/delta-skymiles-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:delta-skymiles-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"delta-skymiles-amex-product","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Delta SkyMiles Amex: official product page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/delta-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"delta-skymiles-amex-lineup","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Delta SkyMiles Amex: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"delta-skymiles-amex-points","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Delta SkyMiles: official programme page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/delta-skymiles-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:delta-skymiles-amex-gold:en","entityId":"product:delta-skymiles-amex-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Delta SkyMiles Amex Gold","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nDelta SkyMiles Amex Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥28,600 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Delta SkyMiles; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥28,600 including tax\nEarns Delta SkyMiles\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥28,600 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥28,600 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/delta-skymiles-amex-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:delta-skymiles-amex-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"delta-skymiles-amex-gold-product","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Delta SkyMiles Amex Gold: official product page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/delta-gold-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"delta-skymiles-amex-gold-lineup","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Delta SkyMiles Amex Gold: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"delta-skymiles-amex-gold-points","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Delta SkyMiles: official programme page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/delta-skymiles-gold-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:persona-stacia-amex:en","entityId":"product:persona-stacia-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Persona STACIA Amex","plainText":"rail and transit card\nPersona STACIA Amex is a rail and transit card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns S Points / Membership Rewards-like program; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥15,400 including tax\nEarns S Points / Membership Rewards-like program\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥15,400 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/persona-stacia-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:persona-stacia-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"persona-stacia-amex-product","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Persona STACIA Amex: official product page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/benefits/persona-stacia-american-express-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"persona-stacia-amex-lineup","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Persona STACIA Amex: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"persona-stacia-amex-points","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"S Points / Membership Rewards-like program: official programme page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/persona-stacia-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:amex-business-green:en","entityId":"product:amex-business-green","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Amex Business Green","plainText":"business card\nAmex Business Green is a business card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥13,200 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Membership Rewards at a published base rate of about 0.3% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥13,200 including tax\nEarns Membership Rewards at about 0.3% base rate\nAirport lounge benefit\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥13,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: Business owners / corporations; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥13,200 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/amex-business-green","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-business-green"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"amex-business-green-product","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Amex Business Green: official product page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/green-business-corp-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"amex-business-green-lineup","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Amex Business Green: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"amex-business-green-points","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Membership Rewards: official programme page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:amex-business-gold:en","entityId":"product:amex-business-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Amex Business Gold","plainText":"Gold business card\nAmex Business Gold is a Gold business card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥49,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Membership Rewards at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥49,500 including tax\nEarns Membership Rewards at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥49,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: Business owners / corporations; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥49,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/amex-business-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-business-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"amex-business-gold-product","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Amex Business Gold: official product page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/gold-business-corp-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"amex-business-gold-lineup","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Amex Business Gold: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"amex-business-gold-points","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Membership Rewards: official programme page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:amex-business-platinum:en","entityId":"product:amex-business-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Amex Business Platinum","plainText":"Platinum business card\nAmex Business Platinum is a Platinum business card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥165,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Membership Rewards at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥165,000 including tax\nEarns Membership Rewards at about 1% base rate\nGlobal lounge collection/concierge\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥165,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Business owners / corporations; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥165,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/amex-business-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-business-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"amex-business-platinum-product","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Amex Business Platinum: official product page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/platinum-business-corp-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"amex-business-platinum-lineup","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Amex Business Platinum: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"amex-business-platinum-points","publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","title":"Membership Rewards: official programme page","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:life-card:en","entityId":"product:life-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Life Card","plainText":"everyday card\nLife Card is a everyday card from Life Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns LIFE Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns LIFE Points at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel cover not on basic card\nStated eligibility: Japan resident 18+ reachable by phone; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/life-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:life-card"],"families":["family:life-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"life-card-product","publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Life Card: official product page","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/lifecard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"life-card-lineup","publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Life Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"life-card-points","publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","title":"LIFE Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/lifepoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:life-card-for-students:en","entityId":"product:life-card-for-students","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Life Card for Students","plainText":"student card\nLife Card for Students is a student card from Life Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns LIFE Points / cashback at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns LIFE Points / cashback at about 0.5% base rate\nOverseas travel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18–25 student; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/life-card-for-students","relationships":{"providers":["provider:life-card"],"families":["family:life-card-for-students"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"life-card-for-students-product","publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Life Card for Students: official product page","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/std/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"life-card-for-students-lineup","publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Life Card for Students: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"life-card-for-students-points","publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","title":"LIFE Points / cashback: official programme page","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/student/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:life-card-gold:en","entityId":"product:life-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Life Card Gold","plainText":"Gold travel card\nLife Card Gold is a Gold travel card from Life Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns LIFE Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns LIFE Points at about 0.5% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 23+ with stable income guideline; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/life-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:life-card"],"families":["family:life-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"life-card-gold-product","publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Life Card Gold: official product page","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"life-card-gold-lineup","publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Life Card Gold: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"life-card-gold-points","publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","title":"LIFE Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/lifepoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:deposit-life-card:en","entityId":"product:deposit-life-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Deposit Life Card","plainText":"everyday card\nDeposit Life Card is a everyday card from Life Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. It earns LIFE Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥5,500 including tax\nEarns LIFE Points at about 0.5% base rate\nETC availability depends on tier\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; deposit and screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/deposit-life-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:life-card"],"families":["family:deposit-life-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"deposit-life-card-product","publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Deposit Life Card: official product page","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/dp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"deposit-life-card-lineup","publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Deposit Life Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"deposit-life-card-points","publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","title":"LIFE Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/lifepoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated:en","entityId":"product:seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Seven Card Plus nanaco Integrated","plainText":"retail card\nSeven Card Plus nanaco Integrated is a retail card from Seven Card Service, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns nanaco points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns nanaco points at about 0.5% base rate\nShopping protection\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated","relationships":{"providers":["provider:seven-card-service"],"families":["family:seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated-product","publisher":"Seven Card Service Co., Ltd.","title":"Seven Card Plus nanaco Integrated: official product page","url":"https://www.7card.co.jp/card/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated-lineup","publisher":"Seven Card Service Co., Ltd.","title":"Seven Card Plus nanaco Integrated: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service Co., Ltd.","title":"nanaco points: official programme page","url":"https://www.7card.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked:en","entityId":"product:seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Seven Card Plus nanaco Linked","plainText":"retail card\nSeven Card Plus nanaco Linked is a retail card from Seven Card Service, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns nanaco points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns nanaco points at about 0.5% base rate\nShopping protection\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked","relationships":{"providers":["provider:seven-card-service"],"families":["family:seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked-product","publisher":"Seven Card Service Co., Ltd.","title":"Seven Card Plus nanaco Linked: official product page","url":"https://www.7card.co.jp/card/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked-lineup","publisher":"Seven Card Service Co., Ltd.","title":"Seven Card Plus nanaco Linked: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service Co., Ltd.","title":"nanaco points: official programme page","url":"https://www.7card.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:recruit-card:en","entityId":"product:recruit-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Recruit Card","plainText":"points card\nRecruit Card is a points card from Recruit, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Recruit Points / Ponta / d POINT at a published base rate of about 1.2% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Recruit Points / Ponta / d POINT at about 1.2% base rate\nTravel insurance subject to use\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/recruit-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:recruit"],"families":["family:recruit-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"recruit-card-product","publisher":"Recruit Co., Ltd.","title":"Recruit Card: official product page","url":"https://recruit-card.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"recruit-card-lineup","publisher":"Recruit Co., Ltd.","title":"Recruit Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"recruit-card-points","publisher":"Recruit Co., Ltd.","title":"Recruit Points / Ponta / d POINT: official programme page","url":"https://recruit-card.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mercard:en","entityId":"product:mercard","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mercard","plainText":"retail card\nMercard is a retail card from Mercari / Merpay, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Mercari Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Mercari Points at about 1% base rate\nNo family/ETC\nStated eligibility: 18+; Mercari account; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mercard","relationships":{"providers":["provider:merpay"],"families":["family:mercard"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mercard-product","publisher":"Merpay, Inc.","title":"Mercard: official product page","url":"https://www.merpay.com/mercard/standard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mercard-lineup","publisher":"Merpay, Inc.","title":"Mercard: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mercard-points","publisher":"Merpay, Inc.","title":"Mercari Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.mercard.me/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mercard-gold:en","entityId":"product:mercard-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mercard Gold","plainText":"Gold retail card\nMercard Gold is a Gold retail card from Mercari / Merpay, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥5,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Mercari Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥5,000 including tax\nEarns Mercari Points at about 1% base rate\nNo family card; verify ETC\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; Mercari account / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥5,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mercard-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:merpay"],"families":["family:mercard-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mercard-gold-product","publisher":"Merpay, Inc.","title":"Mercard Gold: official product page","url":"https://www.merpay.com/mercard/gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mercard-gold-lineup","publisher":"Merpay, Inc.","title":"Mercard Gold: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mercard-gold-points","publisher":"Merpay, Inc.","title":"Mercari Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.mercard.me/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:gold-point-card-plus:en","entityId":"product:gold-point-card-plus","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Gold Point Card Plus","plainText":"retail card\nGold Point Card Plus is a retail card from Yodobashi Gold Point Marketing, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Yodobashi Gold Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Yodobashi Gold Points at about 1% base rate\nPurchase protection\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/gold-point-card-plus","relationships":{"providers":["provider:goldpoint-marketing"],"families":["family:gold-point-card-plus"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"gold-point-card-plus-product","publisher":"Gold Point Marketing Corporation","title":"Gold Point Card Plus: official product page","url":"https://www.goldpoint.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"gold-point-card-plus-lineup","publisher":"Gold Point Marketing Corporation","title":"Gold Point Card Plus: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"gold-point-card-plus-points","publisher":"Gold Point Marketing Corporation","title":"Yodobashi Gold Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.goldpoint.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo:en","entityId":"product:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Tokyu Card ClubQ JMB PASMO","plainText":"airline mileage card\nTokyu Card ClubQ JMB PASMO is a airline mileage card from Tokyu Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns TOKYU POINT / JAL miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,100 including tax\nEarns TOKYU POINT / JAL miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,100 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo","relationships":{"providers":["provider:tokyu-card"],"families":["family:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo-product","publisher":"TOKYU CARD, INC.","title":"Tokyu Card ClubQ JMB PASMO: official product page","url":"https://www.topcard.co.jp/card/jmbpasmo/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo-lineup","publisher":"TOKYU CARD, INC.","title":"Tokyu Card ClubQ JMB PASMO: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo-points","publisher":"TOKYU CARD, INC.","title":"TOKYU POINT / JAL miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.topcard.co.jp/card/lineup/tokyu_card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold:en","entityId":"product:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Tokyu Card ClubQ JMB Gold","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nTokyu Card ClubQ JMB Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from Tokyu Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥6,600 including tax. It earns TOKYU POINT / JAL miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥6,600 including tax\nEarns TOKYU POINT / JAL miles at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥6,600 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥6,600 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:tokyu-card"],"families":["family:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold-product","publisher":"TOKYU CARD, INC.","title":"Tokyu Card ClubQ JMB Gold: official product page","url":"https://www.topcard.co.jp/card/jmb-gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold-lineup","publisher":"TOKYU CARD, INC.","title":"Tokyu Card ClubQ JMB Gold: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold-points","publisher":"TOKYU CARD, INC.","title":"TOKYU POINT / JAL miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.topcard.co.jp/card/lineup/gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:to-me-card-prime-pasmo:en","entityId":"product:to-me-card-prime-pasmo","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"To Me Card Prime PASMO","plainText":"rail and transit card\nTo Me Card Prime PASMO is a rail and transit card from Tokyo Metro, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Metro Points / issuer points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns Metro Points / issuer points at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance by issuer\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/to-me-card-prime-pasmo","relationships":{"providers":["provider:tokyo-metro"],"families":["family:to-me-card-prime-pasmo"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"to-me-card-prime-pasmo-product","publisher":"Tokyo Metro Co., Ltd.","title":"To Me Card Prime PASMO: official product page","url":"https://www.to-me-card.jp/admission/tome-prime/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"to-me-card-prime-pasmo-lineup","publisher":"Tokyo Metro Co., Ltd.","title":"To Me Card Prime PASMO: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"to-me-card-prime-pasmo-points","publisher":"Tokyo Metro Co., Ltd.","title":"Metro Points / issuer points: official programme page","url":"https://www.to-me-card.jp/admission/tomeprime/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold:en","entityId":"product:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA To Me Card PASMO JCB Gold","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nANA To Me Card PASMO JCB Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from Tokyo Metro, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax. It earns J-POINT / Metro Points / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥15,400 including tax\nEarns J-POINT / Metro Points / ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nDomestic lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥15,400 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:tokyo-metro"],"families":["family:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold-product","publisher":"Tokyo Metro Co., Ltd.","title":"ANA To Me Card PASMO JCB Gold: official product page","url":"https://www.to-me-card.jp/admission/tome-ana-gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold-lineup","publisher":"Tokyo Metro Co., Ltd.","title":"ANA To Me Card PASMO JCB Gold: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold-points","publisher":"Tokyo Metro Co., Ltd.","title":"J-POINT / Metro Points / ANA miles: official programme page","url":"https://www.to-me-card.jp/admission/anagold/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mi-card-plus:en","entityId":"product:mi-card-plus","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MI Card Plus","plainText":"retail card\nMI Card Plus is a retail card from MI Card, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns MI Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥550 including tax\nEarns MI Points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥550 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mi-card-plus","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mi-card"],"families":["family:mi-card-plus"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mi-card-plus-product","publisher":"MI Card Co., Ltd.","title":"MI Card Plus: official product page","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/plus_basic.html?id=plus","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mi-card-plus-lineup","publisher":"MI Card Co., Ltd.","title":"MI Card Plus: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mi-card-plus-points","publisher":"MI Card Co., Ltd.","title":"MI Points: official programme page","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/micardplus.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mi-card-plus-gold:en","entityId":"product:mi-card-plus-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MI Card Plus Gold","plainText":"Gold travel card\nMI Card Plus Gold is a Gold travel card from MI Card, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns MI Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns MI Points at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mi-card-plus-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mi-card"],"families":["family:mi-card-plus-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mi-card-plus-gold-product","publisher":"MI Card Co., Ltd.","title":"MI Card Plus Gold: official product page","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/plus_basic.html?id=plus","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mi-card-plus-gold-lineup","publisher":"MI Card Co., Ltd.","title":"MI Card Plus Gold: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mi-card-plus-gold-points","publisher":"MI Card Co., Ltd.","title":"MI Points: official programme page","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/micardplus_gold.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:takashimaya-card:en","entityId":"product:takashimaya-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Takashimaya Card","plainText":"retail card\nTakashimaya Card is a retail card from Takashimaya Financial Partners, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Takashimaya points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns Takashimaya points\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/takashimaya-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:takashimaya-financial-partners"],"families":["family:takashimaya-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"takashimaya-card-product","publisher":"Takashimaya Financial Partners Co., Ltd.","title":"Takashimaya Card: official product page","url":"https://www.takashimaya-fp.co.jp/card/gt/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"takashimaya-card-lineup","publisher":"Takashimaya Financial Partners Co., Ltd.","title":"Takashimaya Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"takashimaya-card-points","publisher":"Takashimaya Financial Partners Co., Ltd.","title":"Takashimaya points: official programme page","url":"https://www.takashimaya-fp.co.jp/card/lineup/t-card.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:takashimaya-card-gold:en","entityId":"product:takashimaya-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Takashimaya Card Gold","plainText":"Gold travel card\nTakashimaya Card Gold is a Gold travel card from Takashimaya Financial Partners, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns Takashimaya points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Takashimaya points\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 30+ guideline / stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/takashimaya-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:takashimaya-financial-partners"],"families":["family:takashimaya-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"takashimaya-card-gold-product","publisher":"Takashimaya Financial Partners Co., Ltd.","title":"Takashimaya Card Gold: official product page","url":"https://www.takashimaya-fp.co.jp/card/gt/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"takashimaya-card-gold-lineup","publisher":"Takashimaya Financial Partners Co., Ltd.","title":"Takashimaya Card Gold: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"takashimaya-card-gold-points","publisher":"Takashimaya Financial Partners Co., Ltd.","title":"Takashimaya points: official programme page","url":"https://www.takashimaya-fp.co.jp/card/lineup/t-gold.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-card:en","entityId":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Card","plainText":"retail card\nDaimaru Matsuzakaya Card is a retail card from JFR Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at about 0.5% base rate\nOverseas travel cover subject to use; shopping and phone protection\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/daimaru-matsuzakaya-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:daimaru-matsuzakaya-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"daimaru-matsuzakaya-card-product","publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Card: official product page","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/dmcard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"daimaru-matsuzakaya-card-lineup","publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"daimaru-matsuzakaya-card-points","publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","title":"QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points: official programme page","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:ucs-card:en","entityId":"product:ucs-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"UCS Card","plainText":"retail card\nUCS Card is a retail card from UCS, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns U-POINT / majica points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns U-POINT / majica points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ucs-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ucs"],"families":["family:ucs-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ucs-card-product","publisher":"UCS Co., Ltd.","title":"UCS Card: official product page","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/ucscard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"ucs-card-lineup","publisher":"UCS Co., Ltd.","title":"UCS Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"ucs-card-points","publisher":"UCS Co., Ltd.","title":"U-POINT / majica points: official programme page","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/ucs/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:apollostation-card:en","entityId":"product:apollostation-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"apollostation card","plainText":"fuel card\napollostation card is a fuel card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Plus Points / fuel discount at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Plus Points / fuel discount at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/apollostation-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:apollostation-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"apollostation-card-product","publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","title":"apollostation card: official product page","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/apollostation/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"apollostation-card-lineup","publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","title":"apollostation card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"apollostation-card-points","publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","title":"Plus Points / fuel discount: official programme page","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/apollostation/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:apollostation-the-gold:en","entityId":"product:apollostation-the-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"apollostation The Gold","plainText":"Gold travel card\napollostation The Gold is a Gold travel card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Plus Points / fuel discount; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Plus Points / fuel discount\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 25+ guideline / stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/apollostation-the-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:apollostation-the-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"apollostation-the-gold-product","publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","title":"apollostation The Gold: official product page","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/thegold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"apollostation-the-gold-lineup","publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","title":"apollostation The Gold: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"apollostation-the-gold-points","publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","title":"Plus Points / fuel discount: official programme page","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/thegold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:cosmo-the-card-house:en","entityId":"product:cosmo-the-card-house","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Cosmo The Card House","plainText":"fuel card\nCosmo The Card House is a fuel card from Cosmo Oil Marketing, issued on House card (no international network). The annual fee is free. It earns Fuel discount; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Fuel discount\nFamily/ETC terms\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/cosmo-the-card-house","relationships":{"providers":["provider:cosmo-oil-marketing"],"families":["family:cosmo-the-card-house"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"cosmo-the-card-house-product","publisher":"Cosmo Oil Marketing Co., Ltd.","title":"Cosmo The Card House: official product page","url":"https://www.cosmo-thecard.com/cblp/card/house.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"cosmo-the-card-house-lineup","publisher":"Cosmo Oil Marketing Co., Ltd.","title":"Cosmo The Card House: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"cosmo-the-card-house-points","publisher":"Cosmo Oil Marketing Co., Ltd.","title":"Fuel discount: official programme page","url":"https://www.cosmo-thecard.com/cblp/card/house.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:monex-card:en","entityId":"product:monex-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Monex Card","plainText":"investing-linked card\nMonex Card is a investing-linked card from Monex, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Monex Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥550 including tax\nEarns Monex Points at about 1% base rate\nETC available\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥550 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; Monex account for investing features; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/monex-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:monex"],"families":["family:monex-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"monex-card-product","publisher":"Monex, Inc.","title":"Monex Card: official product page","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/fund/tsumitate/card-tsumitate/monex-card/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"monex-card-lineup","publisher":"Monex, Inc.","title":"Monex Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"monex-card-points","publisher":"Monex, Inc.","title":"Monex Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.monex.co.jp/service/monex-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:bitflyer-credit-card:en","entityId":"product:bitflyer-credit-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"bitFlyer Credit Card","plainText":"crypto-rewards card\nbitFlyer Credit Card is a crypto-rewards card from bitFlyer, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns Bitcoin rewards at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Bitcoin rewards at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on Mastercard\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/bitflyer-credit-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:bitflyer"],"families":["family:bitflyer-credit-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"bitflyer-credit-card-product","publisher":"bitFlyer, Inc.","title":"bitFlyer Credit Card: official product page","url":"https://bitflyer.com/ja-jp/s/lp/creditcard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"bitflyer-credit-card-lineup","publisher":"bitFlyer, Inc.","title":"bitFlyer Credit Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"bitflyer-credit-card-points","publisher":"bitFlyer, Inc.","title":"Bitcoin rewards: official programme page","url":"https://bitflyer.com/ja-jp/credit-card","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:bitflyer-platinum-card:en","entityId":"product:bitflyer-platinum-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"bitFlyer Platinum Card","plainText":"Platinum crypto-rewards card\nbitFlyer Platinum Card is a Platinum crypto-rewards card from bitFlyer, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Bitcoin rewards at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥16,500 including tax\nEarns Bitcoin rewards at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥16,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/bitflyer-platinum-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:bitflyer"],"families":["family:bitflyer-platinum-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"bitflyer-platinum-card-product","publisher":"bitFlyer, Inc.","title":"bitFlyer Platinum Card: official product page","url":"https://bitflyer.com/ja-jp/s/lp/creditcard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"bitflyer-platinum-card-lineup","publisher":"bitFlyer, Inc.","title":"bitFlyer Platinum Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"bitflyer-platinum-card-points","publisher":"bitFlyer, Inc.","title":"Bitcoin rewards: official programme page","url":"https://bitflyer.com/ja-jp/credit-card","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:uc-platinum-card:en","entityId":"product:uc-platinum-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"UC Platinum Card","plainText":"Platinum travel card\nUC Platinum Card is a Platinum travel card from UC Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax. It earns UC Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥16,500 including tax\nEarns UC Points at about 1% base rate\nVisa concierge and airport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥16,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: Stable income and social credit; students/minors excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/uc-platinum-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:uc-card"],"families":["family:uc-platinum-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"uc-platinum-card-product","publisher":"UC Card Co., Ltd.","title":"UC Platinum Card: official product page","url":"https://www2.uccard.co.jp/card/lineup/uc_platinum.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"uc-platinum-card-lineup","publisher":"UC Card Co., Ltd.","title":"UC Platinum Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www2.uccard.co.jp/card/lineup/uc_platinum.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"uc-platinum-card-points","publisher":"UC Card Co., Ltd.","title":"UC Points: official programme page","url":"https://www2.uccard.co.jp/card/lineup/uc_platinum.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:smbc-business-owners:en","entityId":"product:smbc-business-owners","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SMBC Business Owners","plainText":"business card\nSMBC Business Owners is a business card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns V POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns V POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nBusiness support; app-based management\nStated eligibility: Corporate representative or sole proprietor; age conditions apply; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/smbc-business-owners","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-business-owners"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-business-owners-product","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"SMBC Business Owners: official product page","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"smbc-business-owners-lineup","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"SMBC Business Owners: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"smbc-business-owners-points","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"V POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/mem/wp/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:smbc-business-owners-gold:en","entityId":"product:smbc-business-owners-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SMBC Business Owners Gold","plainText":"Gold points card\nSMBC Business Owners Gold is a Gold points card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. It earns V POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥5,500 including tax\nEarns V POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nDomestic airport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: Corporate representative or sole proprietor; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/smbc-business-owners-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-business-owners-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-business-owners-gold-product","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"SMBC Business Owners Gold: official product page","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_gold.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"smbc-business-owners-gold-lineup","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"SMBC Business Owners Gold: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_gold.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"smbc-business-owners-gold-points","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"V POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/mem/wp/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred:en","entityId":"product:smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SMBC Business Owners Platinum Preferred","plainText":"Platinum points card\nSMBC Business Owners Platinum Preferred is a Platinum points card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. It earns V POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥33,000 including tax\nEarns V POINT at about 1% base rate\nConcierge; DragonPass tickets after qualifying annual spend\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥33,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Corporate representative or sole proprietor age 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred-product","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"SMBC Business Owners Platinum Preferred: official product page","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_platinum-preferred.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred-lineup","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"SMBC Business Owners Platinum Preferred: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_platinum-preferred.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred-points","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","title":"V POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/mem/wp/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:saison-platinum-business-american-express-card:en","entityId":"product:saison-platinum-business-american-express-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saison Platinum Business American Express Card","plainText":"Platinum travel card\nSaison Platinum Business American Express Card is a Platinum travel card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥33,000 including tax\nEarns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) at about 0.5% base rate\nPriority Pass and concierge\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥33,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Sole proprietors, executives and other eligible adults; students/minors excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/saison-platinum-business-american-express-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-platinum-business-american-express-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-platinum-business-american-express-card-product","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Saison Platinum Business American Express Card: official product page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/platinumbusiness/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"saison-platinum-business-american-express-card-lineup","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Saison Platinum Business American Express Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/platinumbusiness/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"saison-platinum-business-american-express-card-points","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント): official programme page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card:en","entityId":"product:saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saison Cobalt Business American Express Card","plainText":"points card\nSaison Cobalt Business American Express Card is a points card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) at about 0.5% base rate\nBusiness-service discounts and cash-back campaigns\nStated eligibility: Sole proprietor or corporate representative; individual underwriting; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card-product","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Saison Cobalt Business American Express Card: official product page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/cobalt/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card-lineup","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Saison Cobalt Business American Express Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/cobalt/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card-points","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント): official programme page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex:en","entityId":"product:apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"apollostation THE PLATINUM Saison Amex","plainText":"Platinum travel card\napollostation THE PLATINUM Saison Amex is a Platinum travel card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Plus Points at a published base rate of about 1.2% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥22,000 including tax\nEarns Plus Points at about 1.2% base rate\nPriority Pass (annual free-use limit applies), domestic lounges, concierge\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥22,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Adults meeting issuer criteria; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex-product","publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","title":"apollostation THE PLATINUM Saison Amex: official product page","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/theplatinum/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex-lineup","publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","title":"apollostation THE PLATINUM Saison Amex: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/theplatinum/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex-points","publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","title":"Plus Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/guide/platinumbusiness/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:apollostation-platinum-business:en","entityId":"product:apollostation-platinum-business","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"apollostation Platinum Business","plainText":"Platinum fuel card\napollostation Platinum Business is a Platinum fuel card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Plus Points at a published base rate of about 0.8% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥22,000 including tax\nEarns Plus Points at about 0.8% base rate\nPriority Pass terms and annual use limit apply\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥22,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Individual business owners / small-company representatives; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/apollostation-platinum-business","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:apollostation-platinum-business"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"apollostation-platinum-business-product","publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","title":"apollostation Platinum Business: official product page","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/platinumbusiness/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"apollostation-platinum-business-lineup","publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","title":"apollostation Platinum Business: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/platinumbusiness/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"apollostation-platinum-business-points","publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","title":"Plus Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/guide/platinumbusiness/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:upsider-card:en","entityId":"product:upsider-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"UPSIDER Card","plainText":"business card\nUPSIDER Card is a business card from UPSIDER, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns UPSIDER automatic cashback at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns UPSIDER automatic cashback at about 1% base rate\nExpense controls and accounting integrations\nStated eligibility: Corporations only; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/upsider-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:upsider"],"families":["family:upsider-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"upsider-card-product","publisher":"UPSIDER, Inc.","title":"UPSIDER Card: official product page","url":"https://up-sider.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"upsider-card-lineup","publisher":"UPSIDER, Inc.","title":"UPSIDER Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://up-sider.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"upsider-card-points","publisher":"UPSIDER, Inc.","title":"UPSIDER automatic cashback: official programme page","url":"https://up-sider.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison:en","entityId":"product:mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mitsui Shopping Park Card Saison","plainText":"retail card\nMitsui Shopping Park Card Saison is a retail card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) + Mitsui Shopping Park Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) + Mitsui Shopping Park Points at about 0.5% base rate\nFacility parking and member benefits\nStated eligibility: Adults meeting issuer criteria; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison-product","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Mitsui Shopping Park Card Saison: official product page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/lineup/ca150.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison-lineup","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Mitsui Shopping Park Card Saison: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/lineup/ca150.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison-points","publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","title":"Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) + Mitsui Shopping Park Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/lineup/ca150.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:welcia-card:en","entityId":"product:welcia-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Welcia Card","plainText":"retail card\nWelcia Card is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nAEON common benefits and Welcia customer-appreciation routes\nStated eligibility: 18+ subject to issuer conditions; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/welcia-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:welcia-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"welcia-card-product","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"Welcia Card: official product page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/welcia/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"welcia-card-lineup","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"Welcia Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/welcia/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"welcia-card-points","publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","title":"WAON POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:jcb-biz-one-general:en","entityId":"product:jcb-biz-one-general","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB Biz ONE General","plainText":"points card\nJCB Biz ONE General is a points card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns J-POINT at about 1% base rate\nFast digital issue and accounting links\nStated eligibility: Corporate representative or sole proprietor; user age 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-biz-one-general","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-biz-one-general"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-biz-one-general-product","publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","title":"JCB Biz ONE General: official product page","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/corporate/houjin/bizone.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"jcb-biz-one-general-lineup","publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","title":"JCB Biz ONE General: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/corporate/houjin/bizone.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"jcb-biz-one-general-points","publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","title":"J-POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:jcb-biz-one-gold:en","entityId":"product:jcb-biz-one-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB Biz ONE Gold","plainText":"Gold points card\nJCB Biz ONE Gold is a Gold points card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥5,500 including tax\nEarns J-POINT at about 1% base rate\nDomestic airport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: Corporate representative or sole proprietor; user age 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-biz-one-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-biz-one-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-biz-one-gold-product","publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","title":"JCB Biz ONE Gold: official product page","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/corporate/houjin/bizone.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"jcb-biz-one-gold-lineup","publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","title":"JCB Biz ONE Gold: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/corporate/houjin/bizone.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"jcb-biz-one-gold-points","publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","title":"J-POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card:en","entityId":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Gold Card","plainText":"Gold travel card\nDaimaru Matsuzakaya Gold Card is a Gold travel card from JFR Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 25+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card-product","publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Gold Card: official product page","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/dmcard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card-lineup","publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Gold Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card-points","publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","title":"QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points: official programme page","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card:en","entityId":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Loyal Customer Gold Card","plainText":"Gold travel card\nDaimaru Matsuzakaya Loyal Customer Gold Card is a Gold travel card from JFR Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 25+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card-product","publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Loyal Customer Gold Card: official product page","url":"https://dmdepart.jp/loyalcustomer/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card-lineup","publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","title":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Loyal Customer Gold Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card-points","publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","title":"QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points: official programme page","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:ginza-six-card:en","entityId":"product:ginza-six-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"GINZA SIX Card","plainText":"retail card\nGINZA SIX Card is a retail card from JFR Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns QIRA Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns QIRA Points at about 0.5% base rate\nDomestic travel insurance; shopping and phone protection\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ginza-six-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:ginza-six-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ginza-six-card-product","publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","title":"GINZA SIX Card: official product page","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/ginza6card/standard.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"ginza-six-card-lineup","publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","title":"GINZA SIX Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"ginza-six-card-points","publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","title":"QIRA Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:ginza-six-prestige-card:en","entityId":"product:ginza-six-prestige-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"GINZA SIX Prestige Card","plainText":"Premium retail card\nGINZA SIX Prestige Card is a Premium retail card from JFR Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥55,000 including tax. It earns QIRA Points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥55,000 including tax\nEarns QIRA Points\nFacility parking and member benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥55,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥55,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ginza-six-prestige-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:ginza-six-prestige-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ginza-six-prestige-card-product","publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","title":"GINZA SIX Prestige Card: official product page","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/ginza6card/prestige.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"ginza-six-prestige-card-lineup","publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","title":"GINZA SIX Prestige Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"ginza-six-prestige-card-points","publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","title":"QIRA Points: official programme page","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:parco-card:en","entityId":"product:parco-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PARCO Card","plainText":"retail card\nPARCO Card is a retail card from JFR Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns QIRA Points / PARCO points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥1,100 including tax\nEarns QIRA Points / PARCO points at about 0.5% base rate\nShopping protection\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,100 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/parco-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:parco-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"parco-card-product","publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","title":"PARCO Card: official product page","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/parcocard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"parco-card-lineup","publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","title":"PARCO Card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"parco-card-points","publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","title":"QIRA Points / PARCO points: official programme page","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:jcb-gold-partner-with-point:en","entityId":"product:jcb-gold-partner-with-point","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB Gold / Partner With Point","plainText":"Gold travel card\nJCB Gold / Partner With Point is a Gold travel card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns J-POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nDomestic/overseas lounge services\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-gold-partner-with-point","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-gold-partner-with-point"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-gold-partner-with-point-product","publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","title":"JCB Gold / Partner With Point: official product page","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/pwp.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"jcb-gold-partner-with-point-lineup","publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","title":"JCB Gold / Partner With Point: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/lineup/?3000_3010=1","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"jcb-gold-partner-with-point-points","publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","title":"J-POINT: official programme page","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:ucs-card-majica-gold:en","entityId":"product:ucs-card-majica-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"UCS Card majica Gold","plainText":"Gold travel card\nUCS Card majica Gold is a Gold travel card from UCS, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns U-POINT / majica points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥3,300 including tax\nEarns U-POINT / majica points at about 0.5% base rate\nDomestic/overseas lounge services\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥3,300 a year.\nStated eligibility: 30+ guideline / stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ucs-card-majica-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ucs"],"families":["family:ucs-card-majica-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ucs-card-majica-gold-product","publisher":"UCS Co., Ltd.","title":"UCS Card majica Gold: official product page","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/ucs_gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"ucs-card-majica-gold-lineup","publisher":"UCS Co., Ltd.","title":"UCS Card majica Gold: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"ucs-card-majica-gold-points","publisher":"UCS Co., Ltd.","title":"U-POINT / majica points: official programme page","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/u_point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:majica-donpen-card:en","entityId":"product:majica-donpen-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"majica donpen card","plainText":"retail card\nmajica donpen card is a retail card from UCS, issued on Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns U-POINT / majica points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns U-POINT / majica points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/majica-donpen-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ucs"],"families":["family:majica-donpen-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"majica-donpen-card-product","publisher":"UCS Co., Ltd.","title":"majica donpen card: official product page","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/donpen/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"majica-donpen-card-lineup","publisher":"UCS Co., Ltd.","title":"majica donpen card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"majica-donpen-card-points","publisher":"UCS Co., Ltd.","title":"U-POINT / majica points: official programme page","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/u_point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:webike-apollostation-card:en","entityId":"product:webike-apollostation-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Webike apollostation card","plainText":"retail card\nWebike apollostation card is a retail card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Plus Points / Webike points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Plus Points / Webike points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/webike-apollostation-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:webike-apollostation-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"webike-apollostation-card-product","publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","title":"Webike apollostation card: official product page","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/webike/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"webike-apollostation-card-lineup","publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","title":"Webike apollostation card: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"webike-apollostation-card-points","publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","title":"Plus Points / Webike points: official programme page","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:usappy-card-plus:en","entityId":"product:usappy-card-plus","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Usappy Card Plus","plainText":"fuel card\nUsappy Card Plus is a fuel card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Usappy points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥1,375 including tax\nEarns Usappy points at about 1% base rate\nETC available\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/usappy-card-plus","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:usappy-card-plus"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"usappy-card-plus-product","publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","title":"Usappy Card Plus: official product page","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/usappyplus/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"usappy-card-plus-lineup","publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","title":"Usappy Card Plus: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"usappy-card-plus-points","publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","title":"Usappy points: official programme page","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:mi-card-basic:en","entityId":"product:mi-card-basic","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MI Card Basic","plainText":"retail card\nMI Card Basic is a retail card from MI Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns MI Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns MI Points at about 0.5% base rate\nNo core travel insurance highlighted\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mi-card-basic","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mi-card"],"families":["family:mi-card-basic"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mi-card-basic-product","publisher":"MI Card Co., Ltd.","title":"MI Card Basic: official product page","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/plus_basic.html?id=basic","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"mi-card-basic-lineup","publisher":"MI Card Co., Ltd.","title":"MI Card Basic: issuer card lineup","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/annualfee.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-securities:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-securities","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Securities","plainText":"Brokerage (NISA/iDeCo)\nA leading low-cost brokerage for NISA and index-fund investing, integrated with Rakuten points and Rakuten Bank.\nBroad low-cost index fund and ETF lineup\nNISA and iDeCo support\nPoint integration and easy Rakuten Bank linking\nInterface is Japanese-first\nPoint-program terms change periodically\nMany domestic funds and trades are low- or no-commission — verify current fee schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-securities","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-securities"],"families":["family:rakuten-securities"],"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-sec","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:sbi-securities:en","entityId":"product:sbi-securities","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SBI Securities","plainText":"Brokerage (NISA/iDeCo)\nJapan’s largest online brokerage by accounts, with a very broad low-cost fund lineup and full NISA/iDeCo support.\nExtensive low-cost fund and ETF selection\nNISA and iDeCo support\nMultiple point-program options\nInterface is Japanese-first and feature-dense\nChoosing among options can be complex for beginners\nMany trades and funds are low- or no-commission — verify current fee schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/sbi-securities","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sbi-securities"],"families":["family:sbi-securities"],"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-sec","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:monex:en","entityId":"product:monex","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Monex Securities","plainText":"Brokerage (NISA/iDeCo)\nAn established online brokerage often chosen for US-stock access and research tools, with NISA and iDeCo support.\nStrong US-stock lineup and research tools\nNISA and iDeCo support\nPoint-program options\nInterface is Japanese-first\nCompare fund fees against other major brokerages\nCommissions vary by product; some funds/trades are low-cost — verify current schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/monex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:monex"],"families":["family:monex"],"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"monex","publisher":"Monex","title":"Monex Securities","url":"https://www.monex.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","title":"Registry of Financial Instruments Business Operators","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:freee:en","entityId":"product:freee","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"freee","plainText":"Cloud accounting software\nBeginner-friendly cloud accounting built around guided workflows, popular with sole proprietors for blue-return filing and e-Tax.\nGuided, question-based bookkeeping for beginners\nBank/card auto-import and blue-return output\nInvoice-system and e-Tax support\nInterface is Japanese-only\nSubscription cost scales with plan and features\nSubscription plans (monthly/annual) vary by tier — verify current pricing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/freee","relationships":{"providers":["provider:freee"],"families":["family:freee"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"id":"freee","publisher":"freee","title":"freee accounting","url":"https://www.freee.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:money-forward-cloud:en","entityId":"product:money-forward-cloud","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Money Forward Cloud","plainText":"Cloud accounting software\nCloud accounting with strong automation and integrations, popular with freelancers and small companies that value flexible bookkeeping.\nExtensive bank/card/service integrations\nFlexible bookkeeping suited to growing businesses\nInvoice-system and e-Tax support\nInterface is Japanese-only\nMore flexibility can mean a steeper start than fully guided tools\nSubscription plans vary by tier — verify current pricing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/money-forward-cloud","relationships":{"providers":["provider:money-forward"],"families":["family:money-forward-cloud"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"id":"mf-cloud","publisher":"Money Forward","title":"Money Forward Cloud","url":"https://biz.moneyforward.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:yayoi:en","entityId":"product:yayoi","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Yayoi","plainText":"Accounting software\nA long-established accounting-software brand with desktop and cloud options, widely used and supported by tax professionals.\nLong track record and wide professional familiarity\nDesktop and cloud options\nBlue-return and e-Tax support\nInterface is Japanese-only\nDesktop products differ from cloud in workflow\nDesktop license or cloud subscription depending on product — verify current pricing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/yayoi","relationships":{"providers":["provider:yayoi"],"families":["family:yayoi"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"id":"yayoi","publisher":"Yayoi","title":"Yayoi accounting software","url":"https://www.yayoi-kk.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:makeleaps:en","entityId":"product:makeleaps","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MakeLeaps","plainText":"Invoicing & billing\nInvoicing and quote software with an English interface, popular with freelancers and small firms billing both Japanese and overseas clients.\nBilingual (English/Japanese) interface and documents\nQuotes, invoices, delivery notes, and receipts\nRecurring billing and payment tracking; invoice-system compatible\nA billing tool, not full accounting — pair with accounting software\nSubscription cost scales with users and volume\nSubscription plans (free tier for low volume) — verify current pricing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/makeleaps","relationships":{"providers":["provider:makeleaps"],"families":["family:makeleaps"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"id":"makeleaps","publisher":"MakeLeaps (Ricoh)","title":"MakeLeaps invoicing","url":"https://www.makeleaps.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:misoca:en","entityId":"product:misoca","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Misoca","plainText":"Invoicing & billing\nA simple cloud invoicing tool from the Yayoi group, focused on fast quotes and invoices with automation and a generous free tier.\nFast, template-based quotes and invoices\nAutomatic recurring billing and reminders\nLinks with Yayoi accounting; invoice-system compatible\nInterface is Japanese-only\nBilling-focused — not a full accounting package\nFree tier plus paid plans by invoice volume — verify current pricing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/misoca","relationships":{"providers":["provider:misoca"],"families":["family:misoca"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"id":"misoca","publisher":"Yayoi / Misoca","title":"Misoca invoicing","url":"https://www.misoca.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:board:en","entityId":"product:board","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"board","plainText":"Invoicing & business management\nEstimates, invoicing, and cash-flow management aimed at solo businesses and small firms that want to track jobs from quote to payment.\nQuote-to-invoice-to-payment workflow in one place\nSales forecasting and cash-flow visibility\nDocument management; invoice-system compatible\nInterface is Japanese-only\nNot a bookkeeping/accounting ledger by itself\nSubscription plans by feature tier — verify current pricing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/board","relationships":{"providers":["provider:board"],"families":["family:board"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"id":"board-invoice","publisher":"ヴェルク株式会社 (board)","title":"board estimates and invoicing","url":"https://the-board.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:freenance:en","entityId":"product:freenance","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"FREENANCE","plainText":"Cash flow & freelancer protection\nA freelancer-focused service combining invoice factoring (get paid early for a fee) with bundled liability insurance and optional income support.\nAdvance cash against unpaid invoices (factoring, for a fee)\nBundled liability insurance for covered work\nOptional income-support add-ons for freelancers\nFactoring has a fee — compare against the cash-flow benefit\nInsurance terms and covered scenarios have limits; read the policy\nAccount is free; factoring charges a per-transaction fee — verify current terms.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/freenance","relationships":{"providers":["provider:freenance"],"families":["family:freenance"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"id":"freenance","publisher":"GMO Creators Network","title":"FREENANCE factoring and freelancer protection","url":"https://freenance.net/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:freee-kaisha-setup:en","entityId":"product:freee-kaisha-setup","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"freee Company Establishment","plainText":"Company incorporation\nA guided online service that prepares the documents to incorporate a KK or GK, walking first-time founders through the registration steps.\nGuided preparation of incorporation documents (KK/GK)\nLinks into freee accounting after setup\nChecklists for tax-office and registration filings\nStatutory fees (registration tax etc.) are separate and set by law\nInterface is Japanese-only; complex cases still need a professional\nService tiers plus separate statutory registration costs — verify current pricing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/freee-kaisha-setup","relationships":{"providers":["provider:freee"],"families":["family:freee-kaisha-setup"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"id":"freee-kaisha","publisher":"freee K.K.","title":"freee company establishment","url":"https://www.freee.co.jp/kaisyasetsuritsu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:mf-kaisha-setup:en","entityId":"product:mf-kaisha-setup","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Money Forward Cloud Company Establishment","plainText":"Company incorporation\nMoney Forward’s online incorporation service that generates the paperwork for a KK or GK and connects into its cloud accounting suite.\nDocument preparation for KK/GK incorporation\nIntegrates with Money Forward Cloud accounting\nGuidance on registration and tax notifications\nStatutory registration costs are separate\nInterface is Japanese-only\nService plus separate statutory costs — verify current pricing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mf-kaisha-setup","relationships":{"providers":["provider:money-forward"],"families":["family:mf-kaisha-setup"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"id":"mf-kaisha","publisher":"Money Forward, Inc.","title":"Money Forward Cloud company establishment","url":"https://biz.moneyforward.com/establish/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:zeirishi-dot-com:en","entityId":"product:zeirishi-dot-com","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Zeirishi.com","plainText":"Find a tax accountant\nA directory and matching service that helps individuals and businesses find a tax accountant (税理士) by specialty, area, and fee.\nSearch and compare tax accountants by need\nFree matching/consultation to shortlist candidates\nQ&A library on common tax questions\nA directory, not the accountant — verify each professional’s fit and fees\nInterface is Japanese-only\nMatching is free to users; the accountant’s own fees apply — verify with each firm.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/zeirishi-dot-com","relationships":{"providers":["provider:zeirishi-dot-com"],"families":["family:zeirishi-dot-com"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"id":"zeirishi-dot-com","publisher":"Bengo4.com / 税理士ドットコム","title":"Zeirishi.com tax-accountant directory","url":"https://www.zeiri4.com/","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:square-japan:en","entityId":"product:square-japan","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Square","plainText":"Card & in-person payments\nPayment acceptance for small businesses — card and QR payments in person or online — with no monthly fee and same-flow POS tools.\nAccept cards and QR in person, online, or via invoice\nNo monthly fee; per-transaction pricing\nReader hardware and free POS app\nPer-transaction fees apply; payout timing varies\nSome support and documentation is Japanese-first\nNo monthly fee; per-transaction processing fees — verify current rates.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/square-japan","relationships":{"providers":["provider:square"],"families":["family:square-japan"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"id":"square-japan","publisher":"Square","title":"Square Japan payment acceptance","url":"https://squareup.com/jp/ja","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:stripe-japan:en","entityId":"product:stripe-japan","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Stripe","plainText":"Online payments\nDeveloper-friendly online payment infrastructure for accepting cards and local methods, subscriptions, and invoices on websites and apps.\nCards, wallets, and local payment methods online\nSubscriptions, invoicing, and payment links\nStrong English documentation and APIs\nBest suited to online/website payments, not in-person retail\nPer-transaction fees; some setup is technical\nPer-transaction processing fees; no monthly minimum — verify current rates.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/stripe-japan","relationships":{"providers":["provider:stripe"],"families":["family:stripe-japan"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"id":"stripe-japan","publisher":"Stripe","title":"Stripe Japan online payments","url":"https://stripe.com/jp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:gmo-aozora-business:en","entityId":"product:gmo-aozora-business","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"GMO Aozora Net Bank (Business)","plainText":"Business bank account\nAn online bank offering low-cost business and sole-proprietor accounts with competitive transfer fees and API/fintech integrations.\nLow-cost sole-proprietor and corporate accounts\nCompetitive transfer fees and online-first workflow\nAPI and accounting-software integrations\nNo branches; online-only service\nInterface and support are Japanese-first\nNo monthly account fee; transfer fees apply — verify current schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/gmo-aozora-business","relationships":{"providers":["provider:gmo-aozora"],"families":["family:gmo-aozora-business"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"id":"gmo-aozora-business","publisher":"GMO Aozora Net Bank","title":"GMO Aozora Net Bank business accounts","url":"https://gmo-aozora.com/business/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:wise-business:en","entityId":"product:wise-business","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Wise Business","plainText":"Cross-border business account\nA multi-currency business account for freelancers and firms with overseas clients — hold and receive foreign currencies and send at the mid-market rate for a transparent fee.\nReceive foreign-currency payments with local account details\nHold and convert many currencies at the mid-market rate\nTransparent per-transfer fees; strong English support\nNot a Japanese bank account — check what domestic clients require\nTransfer and conversion fees apply\nPer-transfer and conversion fees; account opening fee may apply — verify current terms.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/wise-business","relationships":{"providers":["provider:wise"],"families":["family:wise-business"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"id":"wise-business","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise Business account","url":"https://wise.com/jp/business/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:flat-35:en","entityId":"product:flat-35","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Flat 35","plainText":"Fixed-rate mortgage\nA long-term fixed-rate mortgage program backed by the Japan Housing Finance Agency, offered via partner lenders and often accessible without permanent residency.\nLong-term fixed rate for payment certainty\nRules-based eligibility via many partner lenders\nOften accessible to residents without permanent residency\nProperty must meet technical standards for eligibility\nFixed rate can be higher than current floating rates\nRate and fees vary by lender and loan-to-value — verify current terms.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/flat-35","relationships":{"providers":["provider:japan-housing-finance-agency"],"families":["family:flat-35"],"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","title":"Flat 35 fixed-rate mortgage","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:wise:en","entityId":"product:wise","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Wise","plainText":"International transfers\nA licensed money-transfer service that uses the mid-market exchange rate with a transparent, upfront fee — often cheaper than bank wires for personal transfers.\nMid-market exchange rate with a visible fee\nMulti-currency account and debit card\nClear estimate of the recipient amount before sending\nTransfer limits and verification apply to large amounts\nNot a substitute for a Japanese bank account\nTransparent per-transfer fee plus 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exchange","url":"https://bitbank.cc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"provider:matsui-securities:en","entityId":"provider:matsui-securities","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Matsui Securities","plainText":"Matsui Securities\nbrokerage","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/providers/matsui-securities","relationships":{"products":["product:matsui-securities"]},"sources":[{"id":"matsui-account","publisher":"Matsui Securities","title":"Matsui Securities: account","url":"https://www.matsui.co.jp/account/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"provider:mufg-esmart-securities:en","entityId":"provider:mufg-esmart-securities","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart Securities","plainText":"Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart Securities\nbrokerage","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/providers/mufg-esmart-securities","relationships":{"products":["product:mufg-esmart-securities"]},"sources":[{"id":"mufg-esmart-account","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart Securities","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart Securities: account","url":"https://kabu.com/account/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"provider:nomura-securities:en","entityId":"provider:nomura-securities","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Nomura Securities","plainText":"Nomura Securities\nbrokerage","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/providers/nomura-securities","relationships":{"products":["product:nomura-securities"]},"sources":[{"id":"nomura-account","publisher":"Nomura Securities","title":"Nomura Securities: account","url":"https://www.nomura.co.jp/apply/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"comparison:banks:best-banks-english-support:en","entityId":"comparison:banks:best-banks-english-support","entityType":"comparison","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best banks in Japan for English support","plainText":"Which banks actually document English-language service — broken into website, application, app, phone and branch — rather than relying on anecdotes.\nResidents who want or need to handle banking in English, especially newcomers.\nOnly PRESTIA here documents full English service across every channel.\nSony Bank and Seven Bank offer partial English on some channels — verify the specific service you need.\nFor most other Japanese banks, English support is not documented and is shown as “Not confirmed”.\nIncluded when a bank documents at least partial English support on a verifiable channel. Banks with no documented English support are excluded from this shortlist and marked “Not confirmed” in the master table instead.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/compare/best-banks-english-support","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sony-bank","provider:seven-bank","provider:sbi-shinsei-bank"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-prestia","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"smbc-prestia-english","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"PRESTIA English-language banking","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sony-bank","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"seven-bank","publisher":"Seven Bank, Ltd.","title":"Seven Bank","url":"https://www.sevenbank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinsei-bank","publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","title":"SBI Shinsei Bank","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-28"},{"id":"comparison:banks:best-online-banks:en","entityId":"comparison:banks:best-online-banks","entityType":"comparison","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best online banks in Japan","plainText":"Fee-free, app-first banks compared on ecosystem, brokerage links and everyday features — with volatile fees flagged for verification.\nPeople comfortable banking without branches who want low fees and a strong app.\nAll charge no monthly account-maintenance fee.\nThe main differentiator is which ecosystem and brokerage you already use.\nATM and transfer fee structures are volatile — confirm current free-transaction allowances before choosing.\nIncluded: major consumer online banks with fee-free standard accounts. Excluded: institution-specific or business-only online banks with limited consumer relevance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/compare/best-online-banks","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-bank","provider:sbi-sumishin","provider:sony-bank","provider:paypay-bank","provider:jibun-bank"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-bank","publisher":"Rakuten Bank","title":"Rakuten Bank","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sbi-sumishin","publisher":"SBI Sumishin Net Bank, Ltd.","title":"SBI Sumishin Net Bank","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sony-bank","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"paypay-bank","publisher":"PayPay Bank Corporation","title":"PayPay Bank","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jibun-bank","publisher":"au Jibun Bank Corporation","title":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-28"},{"id":"comparison:banks:best-banks-cash-and-branches:en","entityId":"comparison:banks:best-banks-cash-and-branches","entityType":"comparison","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best banks for cash and branch access","plainText":"For people who deposit cash, want in-person service, or need the widest ATM reach across Japan.\nCash-reliant users, rural residents, and anyone who values face-to-face banking.\nJapan Post Bank and Seven Bank lead on nationwide reach; AEON adds long-hours in-store service.\nMegabanks offer full-service branches but with more limited hours.\nPure online banks are excluded here — they have no branches and rely on partner ATMs.\nIncluded: banks with strong physical branch and/or ATM access. Excluded: branchless online banks.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/compare/best-banks-cash-and-branches","relationships":{"providers":["provider:japan-post-bank","provider:seven-bank","provider:aeon-bank","provider:mufg-bank","provider:smbc"]},"sources":[{"id":"yucho","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"seven-bank","publisher":"Seven Bank, Ltd.","title":"Seven Bank","url":"https://www.sevenbank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"aeon-bank","publisher":"AEON Bank, Ltd.","title":"AEON Bank","url":"https://www.aeonbank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-bank","publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","title":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"smbc-bank","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (SMBC)","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-28"},{"id":"comparison:banks:best-banks-foreign-residents:en","entityId":"comparison:banks:best-banks-foreign-residents","entityType":"comparison","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best banks for foreign residents in Japan","plainText":"Rather than a vague “foreigner-friendly” label, this compares the verifiable dimensions that matter: documented English support, accessibility, and international-money features.\nNewly arrived and established foreign residents choosing a first or main bank.\nWe do not label any bank “foreigner-friendly” on anecdotes; each dimension carries its own source.\nDocumented English service is genuinely scarce — PRESTIA is the standout; others are partial or unconfirmed.\nApproval depends on your residence status and documents; we never estimate approval odds.\nIncluded on verifiable dimensions (English, access, remittance). We avoid approval-probability claims entirely.\nApproval likelihood, informal “easy to open” reputation, and unverifiable community reports are deliberately excluded.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/compare/best-banks-foreign-residents","relationships":{"providers":["provider:seven-bank","provider:japan-post-bank","provider:sony-bank"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-prestia","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"smbc-prestia-english","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"PRESTIA English-language banking","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"seven-bank","publisher":"Seven Bank, Ltd.","title":"Seven Bank","url":"https://www.sevenbank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"yucho","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sony-bank","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"immi-residence","publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","title":"Immigration Services Agency","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-28"},{"id":"comparison:banks:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho:en","entityId":"comparison:banks:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","entityType":"comparison","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MUFG vs SMBC vs Mizuho","plainText":"How Japan’s three megabanks compare on network, ecosystem and everyday features.\nPeople choosing a full-service megabank, often for salary, mortgage or business needs.\nAll three are full-service megabanks with nationwide branches and Japanese-first service.\nSMBC leads on app/points integration via Olive and V Point.\nDifferences in day-to-day fees are small and volatile — confirm the current schedule for your usage.\nThe three megabanks are compared as directly substitutable full-service options.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/compare/mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mufg-bank","provider:smbc","provider:mizuho"]},"sources":[{"id":"mufg-bank","publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","title":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"smbc-bank","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (SMBC)","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mizuho-bank","publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","title":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-28"},{"id":"comparison:banks:rakuten-vs-paypay-vs-jibun:en","entityId":"comparison:banks:rakuten-vs-paypay-vs-jibun","entityType":"comparison","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Bank vs PayPay Bank vs au Jibun Bank","plainText":"Three ecosystem-linked online banks compared — the right pick usually follows the ecosystem you already use.\nPeople choosing a fee-free online bank tied to a points/telecom ecosystem.\nAll are fee-free online banks — the ecosystem link is the deciding factor.\nRakuten and au Jibun offer documented brokerage integration; confirm current terms.\nPoint-program rules change frequently — verify earn rates and conditions before relying on them.\nThree directly comparable ecosystem-linked consumer online banks.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/compare/rakuten-vs-paypay-vs-jibun","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-bank","provider:paypay-bank","provider:jibun-bank"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-bank","publisher":"Rakuten Bank","title":"Rakuten Bank","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"paypay-bank","publisher":"PayPay Bank Corporation","title":"PayPay Bank","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jibun-bank","publisher":"au Jibun Bank Corporation","title":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-28"},{"id":"comparison:banks:banks-with-brokerage-integration:en","entityId":"comparison:banks:banks-with-brokerage-integration","entityType":"comparison","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Banks with brokerage integration in Japan","plainText":"Compare verified bank-to-brokerage links by ecosystem, without assuming that a linked account is right for every investor.\nResidents who already use, or plan to use, a Japanese brokerage.\nChoose the ecosystem only after comparing the brokerage itself.\nIntegration does not guarantee investment returns or account approval.\nIncluded only where a consumer bank has a source-backed brokerage-integration field.\nBrokerage quality, returns and approval likelihood are outside this bank comparison.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/compare/banks-with-brokerage-integration","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-bank","provider:sbi-sumishin","provider:jibun-bank"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-bank","publisher":"Rakuten Bank","title":"Rakuten Bank","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sbi-sumishin","publisher":"SBI Sumishin Net Bank, Ltd.","title":"SBI Sumishin Net Bank","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jibun-bank","publisher":"au Jibun Bank Corporation","title":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"rakuten-sec","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sbi-sec","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29"},{"id":"comparison:banks:banks-for-international-transfers:en","entityId":"comparison:banks:banks-for-international-transfers","entityType":"comparison","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Banks for international transfers in Japan","plainText":"Compare whether international transfers are documented, alongside English support and foreign-currency accounts; confirm live fees and exchange rates before sending.\nResidents who regularly send or receive money across borders.\nA transfer feature does not establish the cheapest total cost.\nCompare the receiving fee, intermediary charges and exchange-rate markup for your route.\nIncluded where international-transfer capability is verified from official material.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/compare/banks-for-international-transfers","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sony-bank","provider:sbi-shinsei-bank","provider:seven-bank"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-prestia","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sony-bank","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinsei-bank","publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","title":"SBI Shinsei Bank","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"seven-bank","publisher":"Seven Bank, Ltd.","title":"Seven Bank","url":"https://www.sevenbank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","title":"Payment and Settlement Systems","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29"},{"id":"comparison:banks:banks-with-foreign-currency-accounts:en","entityId":"comparison:banks:banks-with-foreign-currency-accounts","entityType":"comparison","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Banks with foreign-currency accounts in Japan","plainText":"A feature comparison of verified foreign-currency accounts, not a ranking of exchange rates or investment returns.\nResidents who hold, receive or spend currencies other than yen.\nForeign-currency deposits carry exchange-rate risk.\nDeposit insurance treatment and supported currencies require product-level confirmation.\nIncluded only when the foreign-currency-account field is source-backed.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/compare/banks-with-foreign-currency-accounts","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sony-bank","provider:sbi-shinsei-bank","provider:sbi-sumishin"]},"sources":[{"id":"sony-bank","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"smbc-prestia","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinsei-bank","publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","title":"SBI Shinsei Bank","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sbi-sumishin","publisher":"SBI Sumishin Net Bank, Ltd.","title":"SBI Sumishin Net Bank","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29"},{"id":"comparison:banks:bank-accounts-for-freelancers:en","entityId":"comparison:banks:bank-accounts-for-freelancers","entityType":"comparison","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Personal bank accounts for freelancers in Japan","plainText":"Compare personal accounts for separating freelance cash flow by fees, online access and ecosystem; this is not business-account guidance.\nSole proprietors considering a second personal account for bookkeeping.\nConfirm that the bank permits your intended personal-account use.\nA separate account simplifies records but does not change tax treatment.\nConsumer accounts are included for bookkeeping separation; no business-account claims are made.\nCorporate and dedicated business accounts are excluded pending separate research.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/compare/bank-accounts-for-freelancers","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-bank","provider:sbi-sumishin","provider:paypay-bank","provider:gmo-aozora"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-bank","publisher":"Rakuten Bank","title":"Rakuten Bank","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sbi-sumishin","publisher":"SBI Sumishin Net Bank, Ltd.","title":"SBI Sumishin Net Bank","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"paypay-bank","publisher":"PayPay Bank Corporation","title":"PayPay Bank","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"gmo-aozora","publisher":"GMO Aozora Net Bank, Ltd.","title":"GMO Aozora Net Bank","url":"https://gmo-aozora.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29"},{"id":"glossary:zairyu-card:en","entityId":"glossary:zairyu-card","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Residence card (在留カード)","plainText":"The government-issued ID card for mid-to-long-term foreign residents. It is the primary document for opening bank accounts, applying for cards, and most financial services.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#zairyu-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[{"id":"immi-residence","publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","title":"Immigration Services Agency","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:my-number:en","entityId":"glossary:my-number","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Individual Number (マイナンバー)","plainText":"A 12-digit personal ID number used for tax, social security, and increasingly for financial account identification. Some banks and brokerages require it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#my-number","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","title":"Income Tax Guide for Foreigners","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:koza-furikae:en","entityId":"glossary:koza-furikae","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Direct debit (口座振替)","plainText":"Automatic withdrawal from your bank account for recurring bills such as rent, utilities, and credit-card payments.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#koza-furikae","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"glossary:furikomi:en","entityId":"glossary:furikomi","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Bank transfer (振込)","plainText":"A transfer of money to another bank account, often used for rent, invoices, and payments. Fees vary by bank and channel.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#furikomi","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"glossary:nisa:en","entityId":"glossary:nisa","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Tax-free investment account (NISA)","plainText":"A tax-free investment account. 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Common in pet, travel, property, and vehicle-damage cover.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#menseki-kingaku","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:menseki-jiyu:en","entityId":"glossary:menseki-jiyu","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Exclusion (免責事由)","plainText":"A circumstance that prevents payment — for example intentional loss, war, an unlisted driver, or a diagnosis that does not meet the policy definition.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#menseki-jiyu","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:taiki-kikan:en","entityId":"glossary:taiki-kikan","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Waiting period (待機期間)","plainText":"A period after enrollment when some events are not covered. 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Usually little or no surrender value; renewal can sharply raise the premium.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#teiki-hoken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:shushin-hoken:en","entityId":"glossary:shushin-hoken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Whole-life insurance (終身保険)","plainText":"Lifetime death cover if premiums are maintained. Some designs build surrender value, but early cancellation can return far less than premiums paid.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#shushin-hoken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:kaiyaku-henreikin:en","entityId":"glossary:kaiyaku-henreikin","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Surrender value (解約返戻金)","plainText":"The amount payable if a cash-value life or annuity contract is cancelled. It is not a bank deposit and can be low in the early years.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#kaiyaku-henreikin","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:tokuyaku:en","entityId":"glossary:tokuyaku","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rider (特約)","plainText":"Optional coverage attached to a main policy, such as advanced medical treatment, premium waiver, personal liability, or women’s illness.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#tokuyaku","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:kokuchi:en","entityId":"glossary:kokuchi","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Disclosure (告知)","plainText":"The answers an applicant must give accurately. Material omission or misstatement can void cover or allow the insurer to refuse a claim.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#kokuchi","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:hikiuke-satei:en","entityId":"glossary:hikiuke-satei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Underwriting (引受査定)","plainText":"The insurer’s assessment of health, occupation, or other risk. Acceptance may be standard, rated, restricted, postponed, or declined.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#hikiuke-satei","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:kougaku-ryoyohi:en","entityId":"glossary:kougaku-ryoyohi","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit (高額療養費)","plainText":"A public-insurance mechanism that caps eligible medical cost-sharing within a calendar month by age and income category.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#kougaku-ryoyohi","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-high-cost","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:shobyo-teate:en","entityId":"glossary:shobyo-teate","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sickness and injury allowance (傷病手当金)","plainText":"Employee health-insurance income support for eligible non-work illness or injury, broadly two-thirds of standard remuneration.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#shobyo-teate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"kyoukaikenpo-sickness","publisher":"Japan Health Insurance Association","title":"Sickness and Injury Allowance","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:jibaiseki:en","entityId":"glossary:jibaiseki","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance (自賠責保険)","plainText":"Mandatory motor-vehicle cover for bodily injury or death of accident victims. It excludes property damage, your own vehicle, and liability above statutory limits.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#jibaiseki","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-cali","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jidosha/anzen/04relief/jibai/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:nini-hoken:en","entityId":"glossary:nini-hoken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Voluntary automobile insurance (任意保険)","plainText":"Optional car insurance covering third-party liability, own injury, vehicle damage, legal expenses, and roadside assistance beyond compulsory cover.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#nini-hoken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"sonpo-auto","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Automobile insurance guide","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jidosha/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:kasai-hoken:en","entityId":"glossary:kasai-hoken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fire insurance (火災保険)","plainText":"Property cover for selected risks such as fire, wind, and water damage. Flood, accidental damage, and earthquake are separate modules.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#kasai-hoken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"sonpo-earthquake","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Earthquake insurance guide","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:kojin-baisho:en","entityId":"glossary:kojin-baisho","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Personal liability (個人賠償責任)","plainText":"Cover for everyday legal liability — a child breaking property, a cycling accident, or certain water-leak claims. One household policy often suffices.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#kojin-baisho","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:shakuya-baisho:en","entityId":"glossary:shakuya-baisho","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Tenant liability (借家人賠償責任)","plainText":"A renter’s liability to the landlord for specified damage to the rented property, distinct from contents cover and personal liability.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#shakuya-baisho","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:gan-hoken:en","entityId":"glossary:gan-hoken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Cancer insurance (がん保険)","plainText":"Cover paying contract-defined cash on cancer diagnosis or treatment, subject to a waiting period, definitions, recurrence rules, and limits.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#gan-hoken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:iryo-hoken-minkan:en","entityId":"glossary:iryo-hoken-minkan","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Private medical insurance (医療保険)","plainText":"Private cover paying fixed hospitalization, surgery, or treatment benefits. It supplements, and does not replace, public health insurance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#iryo-hoken-minkan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:shugyo-funo:en","entityId":"glossary:shugyo-funo","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Income protection insurance (就業不能保険)","plainText":"Monthly benefits after a waiting period when the insured meets the contract’s inability-to-work definition; short illness and unemployment are usually excluded.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#shugyo-funo","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:kojin-nenkin:en","entityId":"glossary:kojin-nenkin","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Private annuity (個人年金保険)","plainText":"A savings-type contract providing retirement income, sometimes in foreign currency. Compare with iDeCo, NISA, fees, and inflation before buying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#kojin-nenkin","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:gakushi-hoken:en","entityId":"glossary:gakushi-hoken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Education insurance (学資保険)","plainText":"Scheduled education payouts with a premium-waiver feature on the policyholder’s death or disability. Liquidity and returns are limited.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#gakushi-hoken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Insurance consumer information","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:kaigo-hoken-minkan:en","entityId":"glossary:kaigo-hoken-minkan","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Private nursing-care insurance (民間介護保険)","plainText":"A lump sum or annuity paid when the insured reaches a contract-defined care state or public care level. It does not replace public Long-Term Care Insurance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#kaigo-hoken-minkan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-ltci","publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","title":"Long-Term Care Insurance system","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/hukushi_kaigo/kaigo_koureisha/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:pet-hoken:en","entityId":"glossary:pet-hoken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Pet insurance (ペット保険)","plainText":"Reimbursement of eligible veterinary costs at a set percentage, subject to waiting periods, annual and daily limits, deductibles, and exclusions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#pet-hoken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","title":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"persona:new-to-japan:en","entityId":"persona:new-to-japan","entityType":"persona","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"New to Japan","plainText":"Your first year: set up money from scratch.\nYou have recently arrived and need to build banking, cards, tax, and daily money from zero.\nEverything is new at once — a bank account, a phone contract, rent, and a tax system you did not grow up with. The goal of your first year is not optimisation; it is a working foundation.\nYou do not need the perfect card or the best brokerage yet. You need accounts that function, bills that pay themselves, and a basic grasp of what comes out of your income.\nOpen a bank account using your residence card\nUnderstand your tax residency and what is withheld\nGet one accessible credit card and pay it in full\nSet up cheap international remittance before you need it\nResident tax is billed a year late — budget for a bigger year two\nKeep your address updated within 14 days of moving\nAvoid revolving payment (リボ) defaults on new cards","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/persona/new-to-japan","relationships":{"courses":["course:money-basics-japan","course:budgeting-and-saving","course:credit-and-cards","course:understanding-taxes"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:moving-to-japan"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"persona:expat:en","entityId":"persona:expat","entityType":"persona","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Expat professional","plainText":"Mid-term resident balancing two countries.\nYou are settled and working, possibly for a few years, with money and obligations spanning Japan and home.\nThe basics are handled; now the cross-border questions appear. Should you invest in Japan when you might leave? How do NISA and your home-country accounts interact? What happens to tax when you move on?\nYour edge is planning with an exit in mind — using tax-advantaged tools while resident, without creating a mess for the day you leave.\nClarify your tax residency status and its five-year milestones\nDecide how NISA/iDeCo fit a possibly temporary stay\nCoordinate accounts and reporting with your home country\nPlan the tax and pension consequences of leaving early\nLeaving Japan changes NISA/iDeCo eligibility — know the rules first\nJapan’s exit tax can apply to large holdings on departure\nHome-country reporting (e.g. US FBAR/FATCA) may still apply","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/persona/expat","relationships":{"courses":["course:nisa-foundations","course:understanding-taxes","course:cross-border-tax"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:start-investing","roadmap:leaving-japan"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"persona:born-in-japan:en","entityId":"persona:born-in-japan","entityType":"persona","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Born and raised in Japan","plainText":"Make the domestic system work harder for you.\nYou know daily life here, but want to use NISA, deductions, and long-term investing with more confidence.\nFluency in daily money does not always mean fluency in investing or tax optimisation. Many lifelong residents keep everything in low-interest savings and never open a NISA.\nYour opportunity is to put idle savings to work through tax-advantaged accounts and to claim the deductions the system already offers you.\nOpen and fund a NISA for long-term, tax-free growth\nUse furusato nozei and other deductions each year\nBuild an emergency fund, then invest the surplus\nConsider iDeCo for retirement alongside the public pension\nCash-only saving quietly loses ground to inflation over decades\nBeware high-fee insurance-linked \"investment\" products\nDo not chase individual stock tips in place of diversification","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/persona/born-in-japan","relationships":{"courses":["course:nisa-foundations","course:first-time-investing","course:understanding-taxes"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:start-investing"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"persona:fresh-grad:en","entityId":"persona:fresh-grad","entityType":"persona","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fresh graduate","plainText":"Your first salary and lifelong habits.\nYou have started your first full-time job (新社会人) and are learning payslips, saving, and investing at once.\nYour income is modest but your time horizon is enormous — which makes early habits worth more than a high salary later. A little invested now compounds for decades.\nThe first payslip is a great teacher: it shows tax, pension, and insurance in black and white. Understanding it turns \"where did my money go\" into a plan.\nRead your payslip and understand each deduction\nAutomate a small monthly saving from payday\nOpen a NISA and start a low, steady tsumitate\nGet a first credit card and always pay in full\nLifestyle inflation eats raises before you save them\nResident tax starts in your second working year — plan for it\nAvoid revolving credit and high-fee savings-insurance products","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/persona/fresh-grad","relationships":{"courses":["course:budgeting-and-saving","course:understanding-taxes","course:nisa-foundations","course:first-time-investing"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:start-investing"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"persona:thirties:en","entityId":"persona:thirties","entityType":"persona","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"In your 30s","plainText":"Building, and often a household too.\nYou have income and choices — housing, family, retirement — and want them to fit together sensibly.\nThis is the decade where decisions get bigger: rent versus buy, insurance for dependents, funding both a home and retirement. Trade-offs replace simple rules.\nThe aim is a coherent plan rather than isolated products — an emergency fund, tax-advantaged investing, right-sized insurance, and a clear view of any mortgage.\nRight-size insurance for dependents — no more, no less\nKeep investing through NISA and consider iDeCo\nModel rent versus buy honestly before a mortgage\nUse furusato nozei and family-related deductions\nOver-insuring is a common, expensive mistake\nA mortgage decision hinges on residency and rate type\nDo not pause retirement saving entirely for a home","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/persona/thirties","relationships":{"courses":["course:budgeting-and-saving","course:nisa-foundations","course:understanding-taxes"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:buying-a-home","roadmap:start-investing"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"persona:first-time-investor:en","entityId":"persona:first-time-investor","entityType":"persona","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"First-time investor","plainText":"From saver to investor, calmly.\nYou have savings and are ready to invest, but want to understand risk before you put money in.\nThe hardest part of investing is not choosing a fund — it is understanding risk well enough to stay calm when markets fall. Get that right and the rest is mostly patience.\nYour path is short: confirm you have an emergency fund, learn the durable ideas (diversification, low costs, compounding), then start small inside a NISA and keep going.\nConfirm your emergency fund before investing a yen\nLearn risk, diversification, and low-cost index funds\nOpen a NISA and choose a broad default fund\nAutomate monthly investing and ignore the noise\n\"High return, no risk\" is always a scam\nDo not invest money you need within a few years\nPanic-selling in a downturn is the costliest habit","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/persona/first-time-investor","relationships":{"courses":["course:first-time-investing","course:nisa-foundations","course:budgeting-and-saving"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:start-investing"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"persona:international-student:en","entityId":"persona:international-student","entityType":"persona","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"International student","plainText":"Study, part-time work, and money that fits a visa.\nYou are studying in Japan on a student visa, managing a tight budget and part-time work rules.\nMoney as a student is about basics done well on a small budget: a working bank account, cheap remittance from family or home, and staying within the hours your visa allows for part-time work.\nYou can still build good habits and a thin credit history now that pay off if you stay after graduation.\nOpen a student-friendly bank account\nSet up low-cost remittance for support from home\nTrack the part-time work hours your visa permits\nGet a starter card if eligible and pay in full\nExceeding permitted work hours risks your visa\nWatch remittance markups on small, frequent transfers\nKnow the tax rules if you earn beyond a threshold","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/persona/international-student","relationships":{"courses":["course:money-basics-japan","course:budgeting-and-saving","course:credit-and-cards"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:moving-to-japan"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"persona:dual-citizen:en","entityId":"persona:dual-citizen","entityType":"persona","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Dual citizen / cross-border","plainText":"Two systems, one clear plan.\nYou hold ties to two countries — citizenship, family, or assets — and taxes reach across borders.\nCross-border life multiplies the rules: two tax systems, possible double taxation, and reporting duties that can apply even when no tax is owed. US citizens face this most sharply, but any dual tie needs care.\nThe winning move is to map obligations early and keep clean records, rather than discover a filing requirement years late. This is the persona most likely to benefit from a qualified cross-border professional.\nEstablish your tax residency in each country\nUnderstand the treaty and foreign tax credit between them\nTrack all reporting duties (e.g. US FBAR/FATCA)\nPlan for Japan’s exit tax if you hold large investments\nReporting penalties can apply even with zero tax due\nJapan’s NISA break may not be recognised abroad\nDIY cross-border filing is where costly mistakes hide","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/persona/dual-citizen","relationships":{"courses":["course:cross-border-tax","course:understanding-taxes","course:nisa-foundations"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:leaving-japan"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"course:money-basics-japan:en","entityId":"course:money-basics-japan","entityType":"course","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Money basics in Japan","plainText":"How everyday money works here: banks, cash culture, My Number, and the bills you cannot ignore.\nSet up the accounts and cards you need in your first months\nRecognise the taxes and insurance that come out of your income\nKnow which official documents matter and why\nBank accounts and a cash-first culture\nJapan still runs on cash and bank transfers (振込・furikomi) far more than many countries. A Japanese bank account (口座・kōza) is the hub for your salary, rent, utilities, and card payments.\nMegabanks have branches everywhere, while online banks and English-friendly banks are usually the easiest first account for a newcomer. You will need your residence card, and often a personal seal (印鑑・inkan) — though many online banks now accept a signature.\nAutomatic bill payment by direct debit (口座振替) and salary deposit (給与振込) are normal. Setting these up early prevents missed payments and late fees.\nA bank account is the hub for salary, rent, and bills\nBring your residence card; a seal may still be requested\nSet up direct debit early to avoid missed payments\nMy Number and the documents that matter\nYour My Number (マイナンバー) is a 12-digit ID used for tax, social insurance, and some financial accounts. Banks and brokerages will ask for it. Keep the card or notification safe and private.\nTwo other documents recur constantly: your residence card (在留カード), which proves your status and address, and proof of income (源泉徴収票 — the year-end withholding slip from your employer).\nWhen you move, update your address at city hall and on your residence card within 14 days. A current address is required for banking, insurance, and tax.\nMy Number is required for tax and financial accounts\nKeep your residence card address current within 14 days\nThe 源泉徴収票 is your official proof of income\nWhat comes out of your income\nIf you are employed, your payslip shows deductions before you ever see the money: income tax (所得税), resident tax (住民税), health insurance (健康保険), and pension (厚生年金). Together these can be roughly 15–30% depending on income.\nResident tax is billed based on last year’s income, so it can surprise you in your second year — and it can still arrive after you leave Japan. Budget for it.\nEmployees usually have taxes settled automatically through the year-end adjustment (年末調整), so many never file a return. You may still file to claim extra deductions.\nDeductions can be roughly 15–30% of income\nResident tax lags a year and can bill after you leave\nYear-end adjustment settles most employees’ taxes","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/courses/money-basics-japan","relationships":{"personas":["persona:new-to-japan","persona:international-student","persona:expat"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"course:budgeting-and-saving:en","entityId":"course:budgeting-and-saving","entityType":"course","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Budgeting and an emergency fund","plainText":"A simple system to track spending, control fixed costs, and build a safety buffer before you invest.\nSeparate fixed and variable costs and find quick wins\nSize an emergency fund for your situation\nAutomate saving so it happens without willpower\nFixed costs are where the money is\nBudgeting in Japan is easiest when you attack fixed costs (固定費) first: rent, phone, insurance, subscriptions. A single switch to a cheaper mobile carrier can save more than months of skipping coffee.\nList every recurring charge on your bank and card statements. Cancel what you do not use, and renegotiate or switch the rest. Fixed savings repeat every month with no ongoing effort.\nOnly after fixed costs are lean does trimming variable spending (食費・娯楽費) become worth the attention.\nCut fixed costs first — savings repeat monthly\nA cheaper SIM often beats daily frugality\nTrim variable spending only after fixed costs are lean\nHow big should your emergency fund be?\nAn emergency fund (生活防衛資金) is cash you keep accessible for job loss, medical costs, or a sudden move. A common guide is 3–6 months of essential living expenses.\nFreelancers and single-income households often aim higher (6–12 months) because income is less predictable. Those with very stable employment and public health insurance may be comfortable nearer the lower end.\nKeep it in an ordinary savings account you can reach instantly — not invested. Its job is safety and speed, not growth.\nTarget 3–6 months of essential expenses\nFreelancers and single earners lean higher\nKeep it in cash you can access instantly\nAutomate it so it happens\nWillpower fails; systems don’t. Use an automatic transfer (自動積立) that moves money to savings on payday, before you can spend it. This is often called \"paying yourself first\".\nMany banks and brokerages let you schedule a fixed monthly transfer. Start with an amount that never hurts, then raise it whenever your income does.\nA simple budgeting app (家計簿アプリ) that links to your accounts turns tracking into a glance instead of a chore.\nAutomate a payday transfer — pay yourself first\nStart painless, then raise it with each raise\nA linked budgeting app makes tracking effortless","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/courses/budgeting-and-saving","relationships":{"personas":["persona:fresh-grad","persona:new-to-japan","persona:thirties","persona:born-in-japan"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"course:understanding-taxes:en","entityId":"course:understanding-taxes","entityType":"course","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Understanding Japanese taxes","plainText":"Income tax, resident tax, the year-end adjustment, and the deductions most people leave on the table.\nTell the difference between income tax and resident tax\nUnderstand when you must file a return yourself\nUse common deductions like furusato nozei and medical costs\nTwo taxes on your income\nIncome tax (所得税) is national and progressive — higher income is taxed at higher rates. It is withheld from salaries and reconciled at year end.\nResident tax (住民税) is local, roughly a flat 10% of taxable income, and — crucially — billed on the previous year’s income starting the following June. New arrivals often pay little in year one and much more in year two.\nBoth are calculated on your income after deductions, not on your gross pay. That is why deductions matter so much.\nIncome tax is national and progressive\nResident tax is ~10% and lags one year\nBoth are charged on income after deductions\nYear-end adjustment vs filing a return\nMost employees never file a tax return. Their employer runs a year-end adjustment (年末調整) that reconciles withheld tax against the year’s deductions.\nYou generally must file your own return (確定申告), due by mid-March, if you are a freelancer, have side income above the threshold, have two employers, or want deductions the year-end adjustment cannot handle.\nFiling is done online via e-Tax or on paper. Keep your 源泉徴収票 and receipts — they are the raw material for both the adjustment and any return.\nEmployees are usually settled by year-end adjustment\nFile your own return if freelance or with side income\nThe deadline is mid-March; e-Tax makes it online\nDeductions people forget\nFurusato nozei (ふるさと納税) lets you redirect part of your resident tax to regions of your choice and receive local gifts, for a flat ¥2,000 out-of-pocket. It needs either the simplified one-stop scheme or a tax return.\nThe medical expense deduction (医療費控除) applies when household medical costs exceed a threshold in a year. Insurance premiums, some housing loans, and dependents also generate deductions.\nThese are not loopholes — they are the system working as designed. Learning two or three that fit your life is often the highest-return hour in personal finance.\nFurusato nozei redirects resident tax for ¥2,000 net\nMedical costs above a threshold are deductible\nLearn two or three deductions that fit your life","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/courses/understanding-taxes","relationships":{"personas":["persona:fresh-grad","persona:born-in-japan","persona:thirties","persona:expat"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"course:credit-and-cards:en","entityId":"course:credit-and-cards","entityType":"course","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Credit and cards in Japan","plainText":"How credit history works here, how to get approved, and how to avoid the revolving-credit trap.\nUnderstand what a Japanese credit record (信用情報) tracks\nImprove your odds of card and loan approval\nAvoid the cost of revolving payments\nHow credit history works here\nJapan has credit bureaus (CIC, JICC) that record your cards, loans, and whether you pay on time. Unlike some countries, there is no single famous \"score\" you check obsessively — but a clean payment history quietly opens doors.\nNewcomers start with a thin file. Getting one accessible card and paying it in full every month is the standard way to build a record that later helps with better cards, phone contracts, and mortgages.\nMissed payments and defaults are recorded for years. A single forgotten bill on autopay is easy to avoid and expensive to repair.\nCIC/JICC record your cards, loans, and payment timing\nBuild history with one card paid in full monthly\nMissed payments linger for years — automate them\nGetting approved\nApproval weighs stability more than wealth: a steady employer, a consistent address, and time in Japan help. Frequent moves and very recent arrival can count against a first application.\nStart with cards known to be accessible to newcomers or with English support, rather than premium cards. A rejection is itself recorded, so apply where you are likely to succeed first.\nProvider-issued cards (from a bank, retailer, or carrier you already use) often approve more readily because they can see your existing relationship.\nStability beats income in approval decisions\nApply for accessible cards first — rejections record\nCards from providers you already use approve easier\nThe revolving-credit trap\nRevolving payment (リボ払い) spreads your balance into small monthly amounts — and charges high interest, often around 15% a year. It is frequently the default or heavily promoted with points.\nThe safe habit is to pay in full each month (一括払い). Check your card settings: some cards quietly enrol you in revolving or convert purchases automatically.\nInstallment (分割) and revolving are not the same as paying in full. If you only remember one rule, make it: pay the statement balance in full, every month.\nRevolving credit charges ~15% and is often the default\nCheck settings — some cards auto-enrol you\nOne rule: pay the full statement balance every month","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/courses/credit-and-cards","relationships":{"personas":["persona:new-to-japan","persona:fresh-grad","persona:international-student","persona:expat"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"course:nisa-foundations:en","entityId":"course:nisa-foundations","entityType":"course","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA foundations","plainText":"Japan’s tax-free investment account: what it is, how the 2024 system works, and how to begin.\nExplain what NISA is and why tax-free growth matters\nUnderstand the growth and tsumitate portions and limits\nChoose a first account and a sensible default fund type\nWhat NISA is and why it matters\nNormally, investment gains in Japan are taxed at about 20%. Inside a NISA account, eligible gains and dividends are tax-free. Over decades, keeping that 20% invested compounds into a meaningful difference.\nNISA is a wrapper, not an investment itself. You open a NISA account at a brokerage, then buy funds or stocks inside it. The tax break comes from where you hold the investment, not what you buy.\nThe 2024 \"new NISA\" made the system permanent, larger, and simpler than the older versions — which is why older guides can be misleading.\nNISA makes eligible gains and dividends tax-free\nIt is a wrapper — you still choose what to buy inside\nThe 2024 system is permanent, larger, and simpler\nThe two portions and the limits\nNew NISA has two portions used in the same year: the tsumitate portion (つみたて投資枠) for regular, low-cost fund investing, and the growth portion (成長投資枠) for a wider range including individual stocks.\nThere is an annual limit across both portions and a larger lifetime holding limit. When you sell, that lifetime room is restored the following year — a flexibility the old system lacked.\nFor most beginners, steady monthly investing into a broad, low-cost index fund inside the tsumitate portion is the sensible default. You do not need to use the full limit to benefit.\nTsumitate portion = regular low-cost funds; growth = wider\nAnnual and lifetime limits; sold room returns next year\nA broad index fund via tsumitate is a sensible default\nOpening an account and starting\nYou may hold a NISA account at only one provider per year, so the choice matters. Online brokerages such as Rakuten, SBI, and Monex are popular for low fees, fund range, and app usability.\nOpening requires your My Number and identity documents, plus a tax-office check that can take days. Once open, you set a monthly amount and a fund, and it runs automatically.\nResidency matters: NISA is for residents of Japan, and leaving the country affects the account. Learn the exit rules before you go if that is on your horizon.\nOne NISA provider per year — choose carefully\nNeeds My Number and a tax-office check (a few days)\nNISA is for residents; leaving Japan has rules","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/courses/nisa-foundations","relationships":{"personas":["persona:first-time-investor","persona:fresh-grad","persona:thirties","persona:expat","persona:born-in-japan"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"course:first-time-investing:en","entityId":"course:first-time-investing","entityType":"course","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing 101 for beginners","plainText":"Risk, diversification, index funds, and compounding — the durable ideas behind sensible investing.\nUnderstand the risk–return trade-off honestly\nSee why low-cost, diversified index funds are a common default\nAppreciate time and compounding over timing the market\nRisk, return, and honesty\nHigher potential returns come with higher risk — the chance of loss, especially in the short term. Anyone promising high returns with no risk is describing a scam, not an investment.\nBecause markets fall as well as rise, money you might need within a few years generally does not belong in the market. That is what the emergency fund and short-term savings are for.\nYour honest time horizon and your tolerance for seeing balances drop are the two inputs that should shape how much risk you take.\nHigher returns require accepting higher risk\n\"High return, no risk\" is a scam signal\nMoney needed soon does not belong in the market\nDiversification and index funds\nDiversification means not betting everything on one company or country. A single stock can go to zero; a broad basket of hundreds or thousands is far steadier.\nAn index fund buys the whole basket at once, tracking a market rather than trying to beat it. Because it trades little and needs no star manager, its fees are very low — and fees are one of the few things you can control.\nA globally diversified, low-cost index fund is why so many beginner guides converge on the same boring answer. Boring, in investing, is a compliment.\nDiversification reduces the risk of any single bet\nIndex funds track a market cheaply instead of beating it\nLow fees are one of the few things you control\nTime beats timing\nCompounding means your returns earn returns. Given enough years, this curve does more work than picking the perfect entry point ever could.\nTrying to time the market — buying low, selling high on cue — is something even professionals rarely do reliably. Investing a fixed amount on a schedule (dollar-cost averaging, つみたて) sidesteps the guessing.\nThe beginner’s real edge is behavioural: start early, keep costs low, keep contributing, and avoid panic-selling when markets fall. Patience is the strategy.\nCompounding rewards time in the market\nScheduled investing (tsumitate) avoids timing guesses\nThe edge is behavioural: start early, stay calm","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/courses/first-time-investing","relationships":{"personas":["persona:first-time-investor","persona:fresh-grad","persona:thirties","persona:born-in-japan"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"course:cross-border-tax:en","entityId":"course:cross-border-tax","entityType":"course","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Cross-border and expat taxes","plainText":"Tax residency, double-taxation relief, US citizens, dual nationals, and Japan’s exit tax — mapped clearly.\nDetermine which country can tax which income\nUnderstand tax treaties and foreign tax credits at a high level\nKnow the special traps for US citizens and dual nationals\nTax residency decides almost everything\nJapan taxes you based on residency, not nationality. It sorts individuals into non-resident, non-permanent resident, and permanent resident (for tax) — a status based on how long and how you have lived here, separate from immigration permanent residence.\nBroadly, non-permanent residents are taxed on Japan-source income plus foreign income paid in or remitted to Japan, while permanent residents (for tax) are taxed on worldwide income. The first five years often matter a great deal.\nBecause two countries can each claim you, your residency status in each — and the tie-breaker rules in any tax treaty — is the first thing to establish before worrying about specific numbers.\nJapan taxes by residency, not nationality\nNon-permanent vs permanent (tax) status changes the scope\nEstablish residency in each country before the numbers\nAvoiding double taxation\nWhen two countries tax the same income, relief usually comes through a tax treaty and a foreign tax credit (外国税額控除): the tax paid in one country is credited against the tax owed in the other, so you are not fully taxed twice.\nTreaties also assign primary taxing rights for pensions, dividends, real estate, and employment income, and provide tie-breakers when both countries consider you resident. The details differ by country pair.\nRelief is rarely automatic. You typically must file and actively claim the credit or treaty position, with documentation of the foreign tax paid. This is the point where a cross-border tax professional earns their fee.\nForeign tax credits stop the same income being taxed twice\nTreaties assign taxing rights and break residency ties\nRelief must be claimed with documentation — not automatic\nUS citizens, dual nationals, and exit tax\nThe United States taxes its citizens on worldwide income wherever they live, so US citizens and green-card holders in Japan generally file in both countries and lean on the treaty, the foreign earned income exclusion, and foreign tax credits. Note that Japan’s NISA tax break is not recognised by the US, which can create reporting complexity.\nUS persons also face information reporting such as the FBAR (foreign bank accounts) and FATCA, with steep penalties for missing them even when no tax is due. Dual nationals should confirm the filing duties of every citizenship they hold, not just where they live.\nSeparately, Japan has an exit tax (国外転出時課税) that can tax unrealised gains on large financial holdings when certain long-term residents leave. If you hold significant investments and may depart, understand this well before you book the flight.\nUS citizens file worldwide regardless of where they live\nFBAR/FATCA reporting has penalties even with no tax due\nJapan’s exit tax can hit unrealised gains when you leave","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/courses/cross-border-tax","relationships":{"personas":["persona:dual-citizen","persona:expat","persona:new-to-japan"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"course:going-freelance-japan:en","entityId":"course:going-freelance-japan","entityType":"course","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Going freelance in Japan","plainText":"From the opening notification to taxes, invoicing, pension, and the incorporation question — the money systems a self-employed person in Japan needs.\nRegister as a sole proprietor and choose the blue return with eyes open\nMap your four bills — income tax, resident tax, pension, health insurance — and reserve for them\nDecide the invoice-system and consumption-tax questions for your client base\nBill clients, understand withholding, and know when incorporation is worth it\nSetting up: opening notification and the blue return\nGoing independent usually starts with one free form: the notification of business opening (開業届), filed with your tax office, which registers you as a sole proprietor. File it within about a month of starting, and submit the blue-return application (青色申告承認申請書) at the same time — that single extra form unlocks a deduction of up to ¥650,000, loss carry-forward, and family-salary deductions, in exchange for keeping proper double-entry books.\nThe blue return is the highest-leverage early decision, but it has conditions: the ¥650,000 tier needs double-entry books plus e-filing (or qualifying electronic books); paper filing drops it to ¥550,000, and simple records to ¥100,000. Cloud accounting removes most of the bookkeeping burden, so for anyone with steady income, choosing blue and letting software keep the books is the straightforward win.\nFile the 開業届 and the 青色申告 application together\nThe ¥650,000 deduction needs double-entry books plus e-filing\nAccounting software makes blue-return bookkeeping manageable\nYour four bills and the tax reserve\nAlmost everything you owe flows from one number — business profit (revenue minus expenses) — then personal deductions reduce it to taxable income. On that you pay national income tax (progressive) and local resident tax (~10%). Alongside sit two social-insurance bills you now fund yourself: the National Pension (a flat monthly premium, ¥17,920/month for fiscal 2026) and National Health Insurance (income-based, set by your municipality).\nThe trap is timing. Resident tax and health-insurance premiums are based on last year’s income, so a strong year is followed by heavier bills — which blindsides many first-year freelancers. The defense is a tax reserve: move roughly 20–35% of each payment into a separate account as it arrives, higher as income grows. Confirm each year’s rates and deduction amounts, since recent reforms have moved the basic deduction and thresholds.\nTax is on profit after deductions, not revenue\nResident tax and health insurance lag your income by a year\nReserve ~20–35% of profit as payments arrive\nThe invoice system and consumption tax\nConsumption tax has a default and an override. By default you are an exempt business until taxable sales in the base period (two years earlier) exceed ¥10 million. The override is the invoice system: registering for a T-number makes you a taxable business even far below ¥10 million. So for most small freelancers the real question is not the threshold — it is whether to register at all.\nThat is a genuine trade-off keyed to your clients. If they are businesses that need qualified invoices to claim input credits, not registering can cost you work or push you to absorb tax — and the transitional credit for buyers from unregistered suppliers steps down from 80% to 50% in October 2026. If your clients are consumers or tax-exempt, registering may add cost for no benefit. Taxable businesses can soften the load with simplified taxation or the temporary 20% special measure, both date-sensitive and being revised — confirm your year with the NTA or a 税理士.\nExempt under ¥10M unless you register for the invoice system\nRegistration turns on your client base, not just sales\nSimplified and 20% measures soften cost but are date-sensitive\nGetting paid, pension gaps, and the incorporation question\nTwo more systems complete the picture. Getting paid: issue clear invoices (with your T-number if registered), and expect certain fees to individuals — writing, design, lectures — to arrive with about 10.21% withheld at source. That withholding is a prepayment of income tax, so credit it on your return or you effectively pay twice. Closing the pension gap: the self-employed have a thinner public pension, so deductible schemes — small-business mutual aid (up to ¥840,000/yr), iDeCo with the National Pension Fund (up to ¥816,000/yr combined), and the cheap extra pension — build your own safety net while cutting taxable income.\nFinally, the incorporation question. There is no magic number; you incorporate when stable, higher profit makes the corporate-tax advantage outweigh the added fixed costs and social-insurance duties, and usually when a non-tax reason also applies — hiring, raising money, or clients that will only bill a company. If you do incorporate, a godo-kaisha (GK) is cheaper and simpler than a kabushiki-kaisha (KK), and you can convert later. Model your own case with a tax accountant before deciding.\nWithheld tax is a prepayment — credit it on your return\nStack deductible schemes to build a self-employed safety net\nIncorporate on stable high profit plus a non-tax reason; a GK is the lean default","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/courses/going-freelance-japan","relationships":{"personas":["persona:expat","persona:thirties","persona:fresh-grad"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"roadmap:moving-to-japan:en","entityId":"roadmap:moving-to-japan","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Moving to Japan: before arrival through year one","plainText":"New residents who need an ordered setup plan without assuming one municipality or immigration status.\nBuild a document and payment bridge\nKeep originals plus secure copies, arrange temporary payment access, and list every account that will need a Japanese address or phone number.\nRegister your address\nTake your residence card to the responsible municipal counter and obtain a residence record if needed for later applications.\nConfirm health insurance and pension enrollment\nConfirm whether an employer enrolls you in employee schemes; otherwise ask the municipality about National Health Insurance and Japan Pension Service procedures.\nConnect utilities and essential communications\nRecord meter readings and contract holder names; choose a payment method that still works before direct debit is active.\nOpen a transaction account\nCompare identity, residence-period, language, cash-access, transfer, and employer payroll requirements; do not assume every provider accepts the same documents.\nSet payroll, bills, and a verified transfer route\nTest a small transfer, compare the total yen delivered rather than the headline fee, and retain receipts and source-of-funds records.\nAudit payroll, tax, insurance, and pension records\nMatch payslips to deposits and keep withholding and pension records. Confirm whether year-end adjustment completes your filing obligations.\nAssess NISA and brokerage eligibility\nTreat NISA as an account wrapper, not an investment recommendation. Check Japanese residence eligibility, provider onboarding, departure policy, fees, and cross-border reporting before funding.\nPrepare for prior-year resident tax\nResident tax generally follows prior-year income and the January 1 municipality. Compare the assessment notice with your prior-year records and confirm payroll withholding or payment slips.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/roadmaps/moving-to-japan","relationships":{"guides":["/insurance","/banking/opening-a-bank-account-in-japan","/remittance","/tax/do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","/investing/what-is-nisa","/tax/japan-tax-residency-explained"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"roadmap:changing-jobs:en","entityId":"roadmap:changing-jobs","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Changing jobs in Japan","plainText":"Employees moving between employers, including a gap between jobs.\nCollect exit records and confirm final pay\nAsk when final salary, unused leave, resident tax, and the withholding slip will be handled; keep copies outside the employer account.\nPrevent health-insurance and pension gaps\nConfirm the old coverage end and new coverage start. If there is a gap, compare the applicable continuation and municipal/national procedures before their deadlines.\nTransfer payroll and tax documents\nGive the new employer the documents it requests and verify bank details, deductions, resident-tax collection, and year-end adjustment.\nUpdate employer-linked banking, cards, and brokerage records\nChange salary routing and employer details where relevant; do not close the old salary account until refunds and final debits settle.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/roadmaps/changing-jobs","relationships":{"guides":["/insurance","/tax/do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"roadmap:leaving-japan:en","entityId":"roadmap:leaving-japan","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Leaving Japan","plainText":"Residents planning a temporary or permanent financial departure.\nInventory obligations and choose a reachable address\nList tax, residence, housing, utilities, insurance, pension, banking, cards, brokerage, subscriptions, transfers, and records with their closure or retention rule.\nResolve national and resident tax administration\nConfirm final filing and payment obligations, the January 1 resident-tax position, remaining installments, employer collection, and whether a tax representative must be appointed.\nFile moving-out and end local coverage correctly\nTell the municipality you are moving overseas and ask how My Number card, National Health Insurance, local tax, and any household records are handled.\nClose housing, utilities, telecom, and recurring bills\nSchedule inspections and meter readings, provide a refund address/account, photograph condition, and retain final statements.\nObtain written bank, card, NISA, and brokerage instructions\nTell each provider the departure facts, stop automated investing, download statements and cost records, and follow its non-resident restriction, transfer, sale, or closure procedure.\nPreserve pension records before choosing a claim\nObtain your pension record and number. Check future entitlement, social-security agreement possibilities, and lump-sum withdrawal eligibility before applying.\nMove funds safely and retain an exit file\nTest the receiving account before the final transfer, keep enough yen for final debits and refunds, then export durable copies of all closing evidence.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/roadmaps/leaving-japan","relationships":{"guides":["/tax/japan-tax-residency-explained","/investing/what-is-nisa","/tax","/remittance/cheapest-way-to-send-money"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"roadmap:freelancer:en","entityId":"roadmap:freelancer","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Going freelance","plainText":"Residents moving from payroll employment to sole-proprietor work.\nConfirm permission, registration, records, and social coverage\nConfirm the work is permitted, then use the canonical freelancer guides to decide opening, blue-return, invoice, bookkeeping, tax-reserve, insurance, and pension actions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/roadmaps/freelancer","relationships":{"guides":["/freelancers/becoming-a-sole-proprietor"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"roadmap:start-investing:en","entityId":"roadmap:start-investing","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Start investing","plainText":"Residents considering tax-advantaged investing after their near-term finances are stable.\nConfirm eligibility before choosing an account or brokerage\nCompare NISA and iDeCo purpose, access, fees, investments, provider service, departure handling, and tax reporting; invest only after understanding loss risk.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/roadmaps/start-investing","relationships":{"guides":["/investing/what-is-nisa"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"roadmap:buying-a-home:en","entityId":"roadmap:buying-a-home","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Buying a home","plainText":"Residents assessing a first purchase and its financing.\nModel total cost and verify independent documents\nCompare renting with purchase, financing eligibility, taxes, insurance, repairs, resale, and contract exit terms before committing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/roadmaps/buying-a-home","relationships":{"guides":["/loans/rent-vs-buy-japan"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"tool:education-costs:en","entityId":"tool:education-costs","entityType":"tool","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Education Cost Planner","plainText":"Model education costs with editable growth and funding assumptions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tools/education-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:family"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"tool:mortgage-payment:en","entityId":"tool:mortgage-payment","entityType":"tool","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage Payment Calculator","plainText":"Estimate principal-and-interest payments with explicit assumptions and exclusions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tools/mortgage-payment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"tool:rent-vs-buy:en","entityId":"tool:rent-vs-buy","entityType":"tool","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rent versus Buy Calculator","plainText":"Compare scenario costs without assuming property appreciation.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tools/rent-vs-buy","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"tool:freelancer-tax-reserve:en","entityId":"tool:freelancer-tax-reserve","entityType":"tool","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Freelancer Tax-Reserve Planner","plainText":"Choose your own cash-buffer range from monthly revenue and expenses. This is not a tax estimate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tools/freelancer-tax-reserve","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"tool:money-plan:en","entityId":"tool:money-plan","entityType":"tool","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Money Plan","plainText":"Answer a few ranges and get a private 1/5/10-year roadmap with cash-flow, emergency-fund, allocation, and projection.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/plan","relationships":{"clusters":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"tool:compound-interest:en","entityId":"tool:compound-interest","entityType":"tool","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Compound Interest Lab","plainText":"See how contributions, time, fees, and inflation shape a hypothetical portfolio — with the lessons behind the curve.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tools/compound-interest","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"tool:nisa-starter:en","entityId":"tool:nisa-starter","entityType":"tool","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA Starter Planner","plainText":"Check whether you are ready, see multi-horizon projections, and get the documents and questions to bring to a brokerage.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tools/nisa","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"tool:budget-planner:en","entityId":"tool:budget-planner","entityType":"tool","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan Budget Planner","plainText":"Build a Japan-specific monthly budget, see essential vs discretionary, your savings rate, and an emergency-fund target.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tools/budget","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:start"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"cluster:banking:ja","entityId":"cluster:banking","entityType":"cluster","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"銀行","plainText":"自分に合う口座を開き、手数料を理解し、よくある問題を解決する。\n日本の銀行口座は日々のお金の中心です。給与の受け取り、家賃や公共料金の口座振替、そしてカード・証券・送金アプリと連携する口座になります。多くの場合、在留カードがあれば口座を開けます（マイナンバーや日本の電話番号・住所を求められることもあります）。\n従来のメガバンク（三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほ）は店舗網と知名度が強みです。一方でネット銀行（楽天銀行・ソニー銀行・住信SBI）はアプリ・手数料・ポイントや投資との連携で優れることが多いです。SMBC信託銀行プレスティアやソニー銀行は英語対応や外貨機能で知られています。\n実務的な疑問はほぼ共通です。必要書類は何か、アプリとサポートは英語で使えるか、ATM・振込手数料はいくらか、氏名（カタカナ）表記・住所変更・在留カード更新はどう扱うか。このセクションは、申し込む前にそうした点を調べるお手伝いをします。\n中心となる本人確認書類は在留カードです。マイナンバー・日本の電話番号・一定期間の在留を求める銀行もあります。\n手数料とアプリの使いやすさはネット銀行が有利なことが多く、店舗や法人取引が必要ならメガバンクが役立ちます。\n英語対応・外貨なら、まず調べたいのはSMBC信託銀行プレスティアとソニー銀行です。\nATM・振込手数料は差が大きく、多くのネット銀行は口座ランクに応じて月数回まで無料にします。\n口座名義は通常カタカナで登録します。カード・公共料金・勤務先で表記を統一しましょう。\n住所や在留資格が変わったら登録情報を更新し、口座の凍結・制限を避けましょう。\nワンタイムパスワードやアプリの承認コードを他人に伝えないでください。銀行が電話やメールで尋ねることはありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banking","relationships":{"guides":["guide:opening-a-bank-account-in-japan","guide:best-banks-for-foreigners-japan"],"faqs":["faq:bank-documents","faq:bank-english","faq:bank-online-vs-mega","faq:bank-frozen","faq:bank-no-job"],"products":["product:sony-bank","product:smbc-prestia","product:rakuten-bank","product:shinsei-bank","product:japan-post-bank"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"日本銀行","title":"決済システム","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jftc-guarantee","publisher":"一般社団法人 全国銀行協会","title":"全国銀行協会","url":"https://www.zenginkyo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"immi-residence","publisher":"出入国在留管理庁","title":"出入国在留管理庁","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"cluster:credit-cards:ja","entityId":"cluster:credit-cards","entityType":"cluster","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"クレジットカード","plainText":"審査に通り、リボ払いの罠を避け、生活に合うポイントを貯める。\n日本のクレジットカードは、ネット通販・継続課金・旅行・国内の支払い履歴づくりに役立ちます。審査は主に安定した収入と在留状況で判断され、海外のクレジットスコアは引き継がれません。多くの人は、審査が通りやすくポイントも使いやすい楽天カードやエポスカードなど、買い物の経済圏に紐づくカードから始めます。\n最大の罠は「リボ払い」です。残高を長期に分割し、実質高金利がかかります。初期設定でオンになっていたり、申込時に勧められることもあります。毎月「一括払い」を選べば利息はかかりません。年会費・ポイント経済圏・英語対応も検討する価値があります。\n審査に落ちる場合、多くは勤続年数・収入証明・短期間の申し込みが多すぎることが理由で、国籍ではありません。時間を置く、通りやすい発行会社に申し込む、まず1枚で履歴を作る、などが次の一手です。\n海外のクレジットスコアは引き継がれません。日本の審査は収入の安定と在留状況を見ます。\n利息を避けるには「一括払い」。「リボ払い」は機能ではなく、オフにすべきものと考えましょう。\n経済圏カード（楽天・エポスなど）は、審査の通りやすさとポイントの使いやすさから最初の1枚に選ばれがちです。\nポイント経済圏は実際の支出先に合わせましょう。弱い経済圏を複数持つより、強い1つが有利です。\n年会費ありのカードは、旅行保険・ラウンジ・高還元で元を取れることも。特典を使う場合に限ります。\n審査落ちの多くは勤続年数や短期間の申込過多が理由で、国籍ではありません。\nリボ払いやキャッシングの繰り返しは実質金利が高くなります。申し込み前に支払い設定を必ず確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/credit-cards","relationships":{"guides":["guide:getting-a-credit-card-in-japan","guide:avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai"],"faqs":["faq:card-foreigner-approval","faq:card-rejected","faq:card-riborai","faq:card-first-card","faq:card-annual-fee"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card","product:amex-jp"]},"sources":[{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","title":"指定信用情報機関 CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jicc-credit","publisher":"株式会社日本信用情報機構","title":"日本信用情報機構 JICC","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"cluster:investing:ja","entityId":"cluster:investing","entityType":"cluster","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISA・投資","plainText":"NISAとiDeCoを理解し、証券会社を選び、買う前にリスクを学ぶ。\n多くの人は、まず税制優遇口座から始めます。NISAは運用益が非課税になる口座で、2024年の新制度から年間360万円（つみたて120万円＋成長投資240万円）、生涯1,800万円、非課税期間は無期限です。iDeCoは私的な確定拠出年金で、掛金は今の課税所得を減らせますが、原則60歳まで引き出せません。\nこれらは証券会社で開設します。低コストのインデックス投信・情報・ポイント連携では楽天証券とSBI証券が主流で、マネックス証券もよく選ばれます。口座内では、初心者は個別株よりも、幅広く低コストなインデックス投信（全世界株式やS&P500など）を調べることが多いです。\nクロスボーダーの注意点が2つ。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は日本の投資信託でPFIC報告の問題があり、専門家の助言が必要です。またNISAは居住者向けの制度で、出国時は原則として口座の停止・閉鎖が必要です。残高が大きくなる前に出国計画を立てましょう。\n新NISA（2024〜）：年360万円・生涯1,800万円、運用益は非課税で期限なし。最初に使う口座になりがちです。\niDeCoは今の課税所得を減らせますが、原則60歳まで引き出せません。掛金上限は年金の区分で変わります。\n低コストの標準的な証券会社は楽天証券とSBI証券。マネックス証券もよく使われます。\n初心者の多くは個別株より、幅広いインデックス投信（全世界株式・S&P500）を調べます。\n米国関係者：日本の投資信託はPFICに該当し、米国の報告負担が重い場合があります。先にクロスボーダー税務の助言を。\nNISAは居住者向け。日本を離れる前に口座の扱いを計画しましょう。\nこれは教育情報であり、特定銘柄の購入推奨ではありません。リターンは保証されず、損失の可能性があります。\n米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は、NISA開設や日本の投信購入の前に専門家の助言を受けてください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing","relationships":{"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:saving-vs-investing","guide:investment-risk-explained","guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:compound-growth","guide:lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:currency-risk-yen","guide:currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:nisa-dividends","guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse","guide:nisa-old-vs-current","guide:nisa-when-not-first","guide:nisa-common-mistakes","guide:brokerage-failure-protection","guide:investor-deposit-protection","guide:check-broker-license-and-scams","guide:investment-products-japan","guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks","guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:high-dividend-investing","guide:reits-japan","guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:japanese-government-bonds","guide:credit-card-investing","guide:robo-advisors-japan","guide:global-equity-funds","guide:us-equity-funds","guide:all-country-vs-sp500","guide:japan-equity-funds","guide:bond-funds","guide:balanced-funds","guide:esg-investing","guide:target-date-funds","guide:investing-for-beginners","guide:small-monthly-budget-investing","guide:investing-for-retirement","guide:high-income-investing","guide:global-investors-japan","guide:advised-investing-japan","guide:temporary-residents-investing","guide:specified-vs-general-accounts","guide:nisa-vs-taxable-account","guide:capital-gains-and-losses","guide:taxes-on-dividends","guide:foreign-investment-income-tax","guide:investment-records-and-statements","guide:cash-deposits-vs-bonds","guide:corporate-pensions-japan","guide:how-stock-and-fund-orders-work","guide:portfolio-rebalancing","guide:portfolio-maintenance","guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:brokerage-name-matching","guide:moving-abroad-with-investments","guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","guide:pfic-japanese-funds","guide:fbar-form-8938","guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokerage-fees-compared","guide:brokerage-account-requirements","guide:online-vs-full-service-brokers","guide:brokers-for-beginners","guide:brokers-english-support","guide:brokers-for-foreign-residents","guide:points-investing","guide:is-credit-card-investing-worth-it","guide:brokers-for-nisa","guide:brokers-for-mutual-funds","guide:brokers-for-us-stocks","guide:brokers-for-japanese-stocks","guide:brokers-for-small-investments","guide:brokers-for-active-traders","guide:sbi-vs-rakuten","guide:sbi-vs-monex","guide:rakuten-vs-monex","guide:ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers","guide:online-vs-major-traditional-brokers","guide:nisa-open-account","guide:nisa-choose-broker","guide:nisa-change-broker","guide:recurring-investment-allowance","guide:growth-investment-allowance","guide:nisa-for-foreign-residents","guide:nisa-for-dual-citizens","guide:investing-in-japan-complete-guide","guide:investing-methodology","guide:investing-data-updates"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan","faq:nisa-us-citizen","faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"cluster:tax:ja","entityId":"cluster:tax","entityType":"cluster","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"税金","plainText":"居住者区分・所得税・住民税・控除・クロスボーダー申告。\n日本の課税は居住者区分（非居住者・非永住者・永住者、いずれも税務上の区分で在留資格とは別）に基づきます。これにより、日本源泉所得だけか全世界所得かが決まります。多くの会社員は源泉徴収と年末調整で完結し確定申告は不要ですが、副収入・2か所給与・多額の医療費・投資所得などがあると確定申告が必要になります。\n税金は2本立てです。国の所得税（累進）と、地方の住民税（およそ10%）で、住民税は所得が発生した翌年に請求されます。来日者は2年目に住民税の請求で驚くことが多く、出国者は出国後に住民税が発生することもあります。\n税を軽くする仕組みもあります。ふるさと納税は住民税の一部を自治体への寄付に置き換えられ、医療費・扶養・保険・iDeCoなどの控除もあります。申告はe-Taxまたは税務署で、原則2月16日〜3月15日です。暗号資産・国外財産・日米の重複がある場合は専門家の助言が有効です。\n税務上の居住者区分（非居住者・非永住者・永住者）で、日本が課税できる所得の範囲が決まります。\n多くの会社員は年末調整で完結しますが、副収入や投資益があると確定申告が必要になることがあります。\n住民税（約10%）は稼いだ翌年に請求されます。2年目の請求と出国時の請求に備えましょう。\nふるさと納税は、住民税の一部を自治体への寄付に置き換えて返礼品を受け取れます（自己負担2,000円）。\n申告期間は原則2月16日〜3月15日。e-Taxか税務署で行い、控除には書類が必要です。\n暗号資産は雑所得として累進税率で課税され、株式のような分離課税ではありません。\n税務は個々に異なります。これは一般的な教育情報です。国際・暗号資産・事業の税務は税理士にご相談ください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax","relationships":{"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan","guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule","guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund","guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","guide:japan-tax-return-deadlines","guide:japan-tax-calendar","guide:how-to-use-e-tax","guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan","guide:how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan","guide:mistake-on-your-tax-return","guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan","guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes","guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices","guide:japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","guide:national-vs-municipal-tax-problems","guide:employee-taxes-in-japan","guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","guide:year-end-adjustment-guide","guide:taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job","guide:taxes-on-employee-side-income","guide:remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan","guide:severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","guide:why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes","guide:japan-basic-deduction","guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","guide:dependent-deduction-in-japan","guide:medical-expense-deduction","guide:self-medication-tax-deduction","guide:mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan","guide:insurance-and-pension-premium-deductions","guide:ideco-tax-deduction","guide:small-business-mutual-aid-tax-deduction","guide:furusato-nozei-explained","guide:furusato-nozei-one-stop-vs-tax-return","guide:freelancer-taxes-in-japan","guide:individual-enterprise-tax","guide:home-office-expenses","guide:equipment-and-depreciation","guide:paying-family-members-from-a-business","guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","guide:japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold","guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax","guide:the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","guide:consumption-tax-for-landlords-and-property-owners","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan","guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","guide:how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses","guide:how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance","guide:taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages","guide:pension-income-tax","guide:retirement-income-tax","guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing","guide:property-taxes-in-japan","guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:deductible-rental-property-expenses","guide:rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements","guide:rental-property-depreciation","guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","guide:fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes","guide:mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit","guide:nonresident-landlord-taxes","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained","guide:worldwide-vs-japan-source-income","guide:foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","guide:double-tax-treaties-explained","guide:moving-to-japan-tax-checklist","guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","guide:tax-representative-guide","guide:japan-exit-tax-guide","guide:pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax","guide:taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan","guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion","guide:fbar-for-americans-in-japan","guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","guide:nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk","guide:gift-tax-in-japan","guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan","guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","guide:inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents","guide:automobile-taxes-in-japan","guide:stamp-tax-in-japan","guide:international-tourist-tax-and-departure-charges","guide:when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant","guide:types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status","faq:tax-need-to-file","faq:tax-resident-tax-timing","faq:tax-furusato","faq:tax-crypto","faq:tax-200000-rule","faq:tax-deduction-vs-credit","faq:tax-medical-deduction","faq:tax-yea-vs-return","faq:tax-late-filing","faq:tax-consumption-threshold","faq:tax-invoice-register","faq:tax-stock-losses","faq:tax-us-citizen","faq:tax-leaving-japan"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-etax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"e-Tax 国税電子申告・納税システム","url":"https://www.e-tax.nta.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-furusato","publisher":"国税庁","title":"ふるさと納税（寄附金控除）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1155.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-crypto","publisher":"国税庁","title":"暗号資産に関する税務上の取扱いFAQ","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-income-tax-rate","publisher":"国税庁","title":"所得税の税率","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2260.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-income-categories","publisher":"国税庁","title":"所得の区分のあらまし","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1300.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-employment-deduction","publisher":"国税庁","title":"給与所得控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1410.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-basic-deduction","publisher":"国税庁","title":"基礎控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1199.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-medical-deduction","publisher":"国税庁","title":"医療費控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1120.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"国税庁","title":"不動産収入を受け取ったとき（不動産所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-listed-shares","publisher":"国税庁","title":"株式等を譲渡したときの課税（申告分離課税）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"新宿区","title":"個人住民税","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-consumption-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"納税義務の免除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-invoice","publisher":"国税庁","title":"インボイス制度（適格請求書等保存方式）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-invoice-2wari","publisher":"国税庁","title":"消費税の軽減税率・インボイス制度（2割特例等）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-year-end-adjustment","publisher":"国税庁","title":"年末調整がよくわかるページ","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/users/gensen/nencho/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-penalties","publisher":"国税庁","title":"確定申告を忘れたとき（無申告加算税・延滞税）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2024.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-foreign-tax-credit","publisher":"国税庁","title":"外国税額控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1240.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"国税庁","title":"居住者・非居住者の区分と課税所得の範囲","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-exit-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"国外転出時課税制度","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/kokugai-zaisan.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-gift-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"贈与税がかかる場合","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/zoyo/4402.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-inheritance-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"相続税の計算と基礎控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/sozoku/4152.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"irs-abroad","publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","title":"海外在住の米国市民・居住外国人","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/us-citizens-and-resident-aliens-abroad","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mof-us-japan-treaty","publisher":"財務省","title":"租税条約（日米租税条約を含む）","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/tax_policy/summary/international/tax_convention/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"zeirishi-dot-com","publisher":"弁護士ドットコム株式会社","title":"税理士ドットコム","url":"https://www.zeiri4.com/","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"cluster:freelancers:ja","entityId":"cluster:freelancers","entityType":"cluster","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランス・事業","plainText":"個人事業の開業・青色申告・インボイス制度・帳簿づけ。\n日本で独立すると、多くは税務署に開業届を出して個人事業主になります（無料でほぼ形式的な手続き）。同時に青色申告承認申請を出すと、最大65万円の控除や損失の繰越が使える一方、複式簿記による帳簿づけが必要になります。\n帳簿づけはクラウド会計が力を発揮する場面です。freeeやマネーフォワード クラウドは銀行・カードと連携して取引を自動仕訳し、青色申告書類やe-Taxデータを作成します。弥生は老舗の選択肢です。税金は自分で備えます。所得税・住民税・国民健康保険・国民年金はすべて自分のキャッシュフローから支払うため、多くの人は利益の20〜35%を積み立てます。\nインボイス制度（2023年10月〜）は小規模事業者に影響します。取引先が消費税の仕入税額控除を受けたい場合、登録番号（Tから始まる番号）の取得を求められることがあり、登録すると消費税の課税事業者になります。登録するかどうかは実際にトレードオフがあります。このセクションは、決める前に論点を整理します。\n開業届で個人事業主になり、同時に青色申告承認申請を出すと控除が使えます。\n青色申告は最大65万円の控除が可能ですが、複式簿記と電子申告が必要です。\nfreeeとマネーフォワード クラウドは帳簿と青色申告書類を自動化。弥生は老舗の選択肢です。\n所得税・住民税・年金・健康保険は自分で支払います。多くの人は利益の20〜35%を積み立てます。\nインボイス制度（登録番号）は、取引先があなたの請求書で仕入税額控除を受けられるかに影響します。\nインボイス登録は消費税の課税事業者になることを意味します。取引先の状況と照らして判断しましょう。\n期限やインボイスの規定は重要です。売上や取引先が増えたら税理士への相談が有効です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers","relationships":{"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan","guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","guide:consumption-tax-freelancers-japan","guide:invoice-system-explained","guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","guide:pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan","guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","guide:side-business-tax-japan","guide:getting-paid-invoicing-japan","guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan","guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","guide:types-of-company-japan","guide:hiring-family-outsourcing-japan","guide:subsidies-grants-small-business-japan","guide:business-visa-japan"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-open","faq:freelance-what-taxes","faq:freelance-blue-return","faq:freelance-consumption-tax-when","faq:freelance-invoice","faq:freelance-reserve","faq:freelance-withholding","faq:freelance-which-software","faq:freelance-health-insurance","faq:freelance-retirement-toolkit","faq:freelance-side-business","faq:freelance-incorporate-when","faq:freelance-kk-vs-gk","faq:freelance-family-salary","faq:freelance-subsidies","faq:freelance-visa"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi","product:makeleaps","product:misoca","product:board","product:freenance","product:freee-kaisha-setup","product:mf-kaisha-setup","product:zeirishi-dot-com","product:square-japan","product:stripe-japan","product:gmo-aozora-business","product:wise-business"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-blue","publisher":"国税庁","title":"青色申告制度","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-invoice","publisher":"国税庁","title":"インボイス制度（適格請求書等保存方式）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-consumption-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"納税義務の免除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-business-expenses","publisher":"国税庁","title":"必要経費","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"moj-commercial-registration","publisher":"法務省・法務局","title":"商業・法人登記","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/houjintouki.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"smrj-kyosai","publisher":"独立行政法人 中小企業基盤整備機構","title":"小規模企業共済","url":"https://www.smrj.go.jp/kyosai/skyosai/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nenkin-kokumin","publisher":"日本年金機構","title":"国民年金保険料","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/kokunen/hokenryo/hokenryo.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"cluster:insurance:ja","entityId":"cluster:insurance","entityType":"cluster","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保険","plainText":"公的保険でカバーされる範囲と、民間保険が必要な場面。\n日本の公的制度は非常に手厚く、これを理解すると保険の買いすぎを防げます。全員が健康保険（会社員の健康保険か国民健康保険）に加入し、多くの医療費の自己負担は約3割。さらに高額療養費制度が、所得に応じて月あたりの自己負担に上限を設けます。公的年金も老後だけでなく、障害・遺族の保障を含みます。\n公的保障が広いため、大きく宣伝される民間保険の多くは任意です。正直に問うべきは、公的保障の後に残る不足は何か、自分で賄えない損失はどれほど大きいか、保険料に見合うか、です。扶養家族のための定期生命保険や、個人賠償責任保険（多くの県で自転車保険が義務化され、安く付帯できることが多い）は、比較的わかりやすく有効です。\n理解しておきたい種類には、医療・がん・生命（定期と終身）・就業不能・火災と地震（地震は火災保険の特約）・自動車・旅行があります。ここでの誠実な記事は、免責・デメリット・代替手段・そして追加保険が不要な場合も必ず扱うべきです。\n公的健康保険で多くの自己負担は約3割、高額療養費で月の自己負担に所得別の上限があります。\n公的年金には障害・遺族保障も含まれます。民間保険の前に考慮しましょう。\n保険は自分で賄えない損失（扶養家族・賠償）に。予算内で賄える小さな費用には不要です。\n地震保険は火災保険の特約で、補償は建物評価額の一定割合に制限されることが多いです。\n個人賠償責任保険は安く重要性も増しています。多くの県で自転車保険が義務化されています。\n誠実な比較では、免責・代替手段・追加保険が不要な場合を必ず示すべきです。\n保険の必要性は人によって異なります。まず公的保障を確認し、実際に守る損失に照らして各商品を評価しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance","relationships":{"guides":["guide:how-insurance-works-japan","guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan","guide:how-to-read-a-policy-japan","guide:insurance-premiums-explained-japan","guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan","guide:insurance-riders-explained-japan","guide:underwriting-and-disclosure-japan","guide:term-renewable-whole-life-basics-japan","guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan","guide:how-insurance-claims-work-japan","guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","guide:reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan","guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan","guide:public-protection-map-japan","guide:health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit","guide:employees-vs-national-health-insurance-japan","guide:employee-social-insurance-benefits","guide:what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan","guide:pension-disability-survivor-benefits","guide:employment-insurance-and-workers-comp","guide:long-term-care-insurance-japan","guide:pension-for-foreign-residents-japan","guide:leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","guide:term-life-insurance-japan","guide:whole-life-insurance-japan","guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan","guide:private-medical-insurance-japan","guide:cancer-insurance-japan","guide:critical-illness-insurance-japan","guide:relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","guide:income-protection-japan","guide:savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan","guide:auto-insurance-japan","guide:car-insurance-coverage-builder-japan","guide:bicycle-insurance-japan","guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan","guide:home-earthquake-insurance-japan","guide:fire-insurance-japan","guide:earthquake-insurance-japan","guide:renter-insurance-japan","guide:travel-insurance-japan","guide:credit-card-travel-insurance-japan","guide:pet-insurance-japan","guide:device-insurance-japan","guide:freelancer-insurance-japan","guide:small-business-insurance-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan","guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan","guide:fire-vs-earthquake-japan","guide:travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan","guide:savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","guide:direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan","guide:mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan","guide:pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan","guide:insurance-single-employee-20s-japan","guide:insurance-family-with-children-japan","guide:insurance-homeowners-japan","guide:insurance-renters-japan","guide:insurance-freelancers-japan","guide:insurance-retirees-japan","guide:insurance-foreign-residents-japan","guide:insurance-pet-owners-japan","guide:insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan","guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan","guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan","guide:insurance-complaints-adr-japan","guide:annual-insurance-review-japan"],"faqs":["faq:insurance-public-enough","faq:insurance-high-cost","faq:insurance-life-needed","faq:insurance-earthquake","faq:insurance-foreigner","faq:insurance-copay-share","faq:insurance-cancer-waiting","faq:insurance-term-vs-whole","faq:insurance-cali-enough","faq:insurance-bicycle-mandatory","faq:insurance-card-travel","faq:insurance-pet-preexisting","faq:insurance-cancel-timing","faq:insurance-cooling-off","faq:insurance-leave-japan"],"products":[]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-health-system","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"医療保険制度","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-high-cost","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"高額療養費制度","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jps-benefits","publisher":"日本年金機構","title":"年金の給付","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-employment-insurance","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"雇用保険制度","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/koyou/koyouhoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-workers-comp","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"労働者災害補償保険","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mof-earthquake-insurance","publisher":"財務省","title":"地震保険制度","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/policy/financial_system/earthquake_insurance/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mlit-cali","publisher":"国土交通省","title":"自賠責保険","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jidosha/anzen/04relief/jibai/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"caa-insurance","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/hoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"giaj","publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","title":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sonpo-adr","publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","title":"そんぽADRセンター（損害保険相談・紛争解決）","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/about/soudan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-license-register","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・登録業者一覧（生命保険会社・損害保険会社）","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyo.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-ltci","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"介護保険制度","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/hukushi_kaigo/kaigo_koureisha/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"cluster:loans:ja","entityId":"cluster:loans","entityType":"cluster","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ローン・住宅ローン・不動産","plainText":"住宅ローンの審査・固定と変動・諸費用・賃貸か購入か。\n日本の住宅ローンは世界的に見れば低金利ですが、多くの外国人居住者にとっては審査が壁です。銀行は安定した雇用・収入・在留期間、そして特に永住権を重視します。永住権がないと、断る銀行、頭金を多く求める銀行、保証人を求める銀行があります。フラット35（住宅金融支援機構）は基準が明確で永住権を必ずしも求めないため、よく使われる選択肢です。\n中心となる選択は固定か変動かです。変動金利は非常に低い水準が続きましたが上昇し得ます。固定（フラット35を含む）は今のコストは高めでも将来の安心が得られます。金利以外に、物件価格のおよそ6〜10%の諸費用（登記・仲介手数料・ローン保証・税金・火災保険）も見込みましょう。見落としがちです。\n日本の賃貸か購入かは、金銭面だけの話ではありません。特に古い木造住宅は値上がりより減価する物件が多く、売却のしやすさも立地で異なります。このセクションは購入をあおるのではなく、審査・総コスト・リスク（金利・売却・維持・自然災害）を整理します。\n永住権は住宅ローン審査に大きく影響します。ない場合は条件が厳しくなるか、頭金が多く必要になりがちです。\nフラット35（住宅金融支援機構）は基準が明確な固定金利で、永住権を必ずしも求めない一般的な選択肢です。\n固定か変動かが中心のトレードオフ。今の安心と高コストか、低コストと金利リスクか。\n頭金に加えて、価格の6〜10%の諸費用を見込みましょう。\n日本の多くの物件は減価します。住まいをまず居住、次に投資と考えましょう。\n申込前に信用情報（CIC・JICC）を確認しましょう。最近の延滞は審査に響きます。\n住宅ローンは大きく長期の約束です。金利上昇と売却リスクを試算し、独立した助言を受けてから購入しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans","relationships":{"guides":["guide:buying-property-japan","guide:mortgages-japan","guide:borrowing-guide","guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:property-investment-japan","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:rent-vs-buy-japan-guide","guide:property-buying-checklist","guide:mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","guide:rent-vs-buy-japan"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","faq:loan-closing-costs","faq:loan-rent-vs-buy","faq:loan-credit-record","faq:loan-buy-foreigner","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-what-flat35","faq:loan-variable-risky"],"products":["product:flat-35"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mlit-land","publisher":"国土交通省","title":"土地・不動産取引価格情報","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_tk5_000085.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","title":"指定信用情報機関 CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"cluster:remittance:ja","entityId":"cluster:remittance","entityType":"cluster","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外送金","plainText":"送金の受け取り・送金、隠れた為替マージンの削減、海外所得の扱い。\n国をまたぐ送金は手数料が隠れやすい場面です。表示される送金手数料はしばしば小さい方で、より大きいのは、提供される為替レートと仲値（ミッドマーケットレート）との差に含まれる為替マージンです。従来の銀行送金では、SWIFTや中継銀行の手数料が事前に見えにくい形で加わることもあります。\n個人送金では専門サービスが銀行より有利なことが多いです。Wiseは仲値と明示的な手数料を表示し、Revolutは手数料枠つきのマルチカレンシー口座を提供します。大口や定期の送金では、宣伝される手数料ではなく、最終的に受け取る金額（総額）で比較するのが唯一確実な方法です。\nクロスボーダーには税務・報告の論点もあります。海外所得は居住者区分により課税され得ますし、日本では一定額を超えると国外財産調書の提出が必要です。このセクションは、真の送金コストの比較と、クロスボーダー税務の助言が必要な場面の見極めを助けます。\n為替マージンは、見える送金手数料より高くつくことが多いです。仲値と比較しましょう。\nコストは宣伝される手数料でなく、最終的な受取額で判断しましょう。特に大口で重要です。\n個人送金では、Wise（仲値）やRevolut（マルチカレンシー）が銀行送金より有利なことが多いです。\n銀行送金は、事前に見えにくいSWIFTや中継銀行の手数料が加わることがあります。\n海外所得は居住者区分により日本で課税され得ます。非課税と決めつけず確認しましょう。\n国外財産が基準額を超えると、日本では国外財産調書の提出が必要です。\n大口や事業の送金は報告・税務の論点を伴うことがあります。送る前に規定を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance","relationships":{"guides":["guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money","guide:receiving-money-from-abroad"],"faqs":["faq:remit-cheapest","faq:remit-hidden-fees","faq:remit-large-transfer","faq:remit-overseas-income","faq:remit-multicurrency"],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"日本銀行","title":"決済システム","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"cluster:points:ja","entityId":"cluster:points","entityType":"cluster","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイント・特典","plainText":"経済圏を1つ選び、ポイントの価値を理解し、無駄追いを避ける。\n日本はポイント経済圏で回っています。楽天、PayPay、dポイント（ドコモ）、Vポイント（SMBC）などが、カード・電子マネー・買い物・携帯プランを結びつけています。勝ち筋は「全部集める」ことではなく、すでに買い物・携帯・銀行で使っている経済圏の1つに集中することです。\n多くのポイントは1ポイント約1円ですが、価値は使い道で変わります。期限切れになるポイントや、特定の店でしか使えないポイントは、見た目より価値が下がります。コンビニやコード決済（PayPay・楽天ペイ）は日常の支出が最も早く貯まる層で、マイルは旅行が多い別の生活パターンに向きます。\n誠実な見方はこうです。ポイントは、どのみち行う支出に対するささやかで非課税の割引であって、余計に使う理由ではありません。このセクションは、生活スタイル別に経済圏を比較し、期限と価値評価を説明し、労力に見合わないキャンペーン追いの罠を避ける手助けをします。\n銀行・カード・携帯に合う1つの経済圏に集中しましょう。弱い経済圏を複数持たないこと。\n多くのポイントは約1円ですが、期限や店舗限定の使い道で実質価値は下がります。\nPayPayや楽天ペイは、コンビニや小規模店の日常支出が最も早く貯まります。\nマイルは旅行が多い人向けで、誰にとっても有利とは限りません。\nポイントはどのみち行う支出の割引であり、余計に使う理由ではありません。\n手間や管理コストが見返りを上回るキャンペーンは無視しましょう。\n特典のために余計に使ったり、不要な商品を作ったりしないようにしましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points","relationships":{"guides":["guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem","guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","guide:how-points-are-earned","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:avoid-overspend-points","guide:rakuten-points-guide","guide:paypay-points-guide","guide:d-point-club-guide","guide:ponta-points-guide","guide:v-points-guide","guide:waon-point-guide","guide:nanaco-points-guide","guide:jre-point-guide","guide:convenience-store-points","guide:supermarket-points","guide:electronics-store-points","guide:fuel-points-automobile","guide:restaurant-points-guide","guide:ecommerce-points-programs","guide:bank-brokerage-rewards","guide:rakuten-card","guide:smbc-numberless-card","guide:paypay-card","guide:d-card","guide:au-pay-card","guide:jcb-card-w","guide:epos-card","guide:view-card-standard","guide:bic-camera-suica-card","guide:aeon-card","guide:saison-gold-amex","guide:paypay-app-guide","guide:rakuten-pay-guide","guide:d-barai-guide","guide:au-pay-guide","guide:merpay-guide","guide:apple-google-pay-guide","guide:id-quicpay-guide","guide:emoney-payment-guide","guide:mobile-suica-guide","guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:ana-vs-jal","guide:hotel-travel-rewards","guide:points-deals-and-campaigns","guide:redeem-points-for-travel","guide:redeem-points-for-cash","guide:redeem-points-for-hotels","guide:redeem-points-for-investing","guide:credit-card-perks-japan","guide:airline-hotel-status-japan","guide:maximize-points-japan","guide:points-glossary","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:ecommerce-stacking","guide:compare-point-ecosystems","guide:best-programs-by-category","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category","guide:best-qr-payment-apps","guide:points-cashback-calculator","guide:annual-fee-calculator","guide:mile-value-calculator","guide:reward-stacking-checker","guide:foreign-resident-rewards","guide:train-commuter-rewards","guide:convenience-shopper-rewards","guide:family-rewards","guide:domestic-traveler-rewards","guide:rewards-glossary-sources-archive"],"faqs":["faq:points-which-ecosystem","faq:points-value","faq:points-expiry","faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten","faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback","faq:rewards-no-expiry","faq:rewards-limited-time","faq:rewards-stacking","faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent","faq:rewards-id-vs-touch","faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-beginner-program","faq:rewards-foreign-join","faq:rewards-foreign-first-card","faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","faq:rewards-mile-value","faq:rewards-paypay-points-step","faq:rewards-furusato-points","faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate","faq:rewards-sources"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"日本銀行","title":"決済システム","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"rakuten-point","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"楽天ポイント公式","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayポイントのヘルプ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"dポイントクラブ公式","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ponta-official","publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","title":"Ponta・リクルートポイント","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"vpoint-official","publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","title":"Vポイント公式","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nta-points-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"国税庁 ポイントの所得税の取扱い","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/law/shitsugi/shotoku/02/37.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"cluster:crypto:ja","entityId":"cluster:crypto","entityType":"cluster","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"暗号資産・FX","plainText":"登録取引所・重い暗号資産税・保管・レバレッジのリスク。\n日本は暗号資産を厳しく規制します。居住者に合法的にサービスを提供できるのは、金融庁に登録しJVCEAに加盟する取引所（bitFlyer、bitbank、Coincheckなど）だけです。まず確認すべきは登録の有無です。未登録の海外取引所の利用は、法的保護を失い、税務も複雑にします。\n多くの人にとって決定的なのは税金です。暗号資産の利益は雑所得として累進税率で課税され、住民税を含めると最大約55%になり得ます。上場株式やNISAに適用される約20%の分離課税ではありません。暗号資産同士の交換や暗号資産での支払いを含め、あらゆる処分が課税対象になるため、記録ツールが重要です。\nFX（証拠金取引）は別物で、レバレッジが中心です。国内個人向けFXのレバレッジは上限（一般に25倍）があり、損失が預託金を超えることもあります。暗号資産もFXも詐欺が多く、元本保証をうたう手口・偽の取引所・「回収」詐欺などがあります。このセクションは教育に徹し、登録・税金・保管・記録・リスクを扱い、価格予想や誇張は行いません。\n利用は金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟の取引所のみに。未登録の海外取引所は保護を失います。\n暗号資産の利益は雑所得として累進課税。株式の約20%より大幅に高くなり得ます。\n暗号資産同士の交換や支払いを含め、あらゆる処分が課税対象。記録を詳細に残しましょう。\n個人向けFXのレバレッジは上限（一般に25倍）があり、損失が預託金を超えることもあります。\n元本保証・偽の取引所・「回収」サービスは詐欺です。例外はありません。\nこれは投資助言ではなく、価格予想も含みません。\n高い税率と高いボラティリティのため、暗号資産・FXは失っても困らないお金以外には不向きです。詐欺に注意。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/crypto","relationships":{"guides":["guide:crypto-tax-in-japan","guide:choosing-a-registered-exchange"],"faqs":["faq:crypto-registered","faq:crypto-tax","faq:crypto-record","faq:crypto-fx-leverage"],"products":["product:bitflyer","product:bitbank"]},"sources":[{"id":"jvcea","publisher":"一般社団法人 日本暗号資産取引業協会","title":"日本暗号資産取引業協会","url":"https://jvcea.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-crypto","publisher":"国税庁","title":"暗号資産に関する税務上の取扱いFAQ","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"guide:public-protection-map-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:public-protection-map-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の公的保障：最初に確認すること","plainText":"民間保険を比較する前に、健康保険・年金記録・雇用保険・労災保険の状況を確認します。\n健康・年金・雇用・労災・会社員向け保障の全体像。\n健康保険は対象診療を給付しますが、収入減の全ては補いません。\n公的年金には老齢・障害・遺族保障があります。\n雇用保険は要件を満たす失業・休業、労災保険は業務・通勤災害を扱います。\n会社員と自営業者では保障の不足が異なります。\n各制度の役割\n健康保険・年金・雇用保険・労災保険は別制度で、請求先も異なります。会社の健康保険証だけで全制度への加入は確認できません。給与明細・通知・ねんきんネット・保険者や自治体で確認します。\n公的保障から確認する順序\n出来事、公的な支払元、資格、見込給付、請求期限、対象外の損失を一覧にします。次に勤務先給付と貯蓄を加え、残る損失だけを民間保険の検討対象にします。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/public-protection-map-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan","guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-health-system","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"医療保険制度","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jps-benefits","publisher":"日本年金機構","title":"年金の給付","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-employment-insurance","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"雇用保険制度","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/koyou/koyouhoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-workers-comp","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"労働者災害補償保険","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit:ja","entityId":"guide:health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"公的医療保険と高額療養費制度","plainText":"公的医療保険は保険診療を給付し、高額療養費は暦月内の対象自己負担に上限を設けますが、入院関連費用の全てが上限対象ではありません。\n保険診療・自己負担・月額上限・対象外費用・確認先。\n会社員等は通常被用者保険、それ以外は原則として市区町村の国民健康保険です。\n現役世代の窓口負担は原則3割ですが、年齢・所得による例外があります。\n上限は暦月単位で年齢・所得区分に応じます。\n食事代・差額ベッド代・保険外診療・先進医療の一部費用等は高額療養費の計算対象外です。\n対象と対象外\n「7割給付」を「全費用に上限」と捉えないでください。高額療養費の計算は対象となる保険診療の自己負担です。病院には保険診療と食事・差額ベッド・保険外サービスを分けた見積りを依頼します。\n入院前と支払後\nオンライン資格確認または限度額適用認定証により窓口での対象支払を上限までにできる場合があります。そうでなければ保険者へ払い戻しを申請します。世帯合算や多数回該当には所定の条件があります。現在の上限と手続は資格情報に記載の保険者へ確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-health-system","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"医療保険制度","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-high-cost","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"高額療養費制度","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:employee-social-insurance-benefits:ja","entityId":"guide:employee-social-insurance-benefits","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"会社員の健康保険・厚生年金","plainText":"対象となる従業員は勤務先を通じ健康保険と厚生年金に加入し、健康保険には市区町村国保にはない所得保障給付がある場合があります。\n適用・保険料・傷病手当金・出産手当金・扶養。\n社会保険料は原則として労使で負担します。\n健康保険の被扶養者と国民年金第3号にはそれぞれ要件があります。\n業務外の病気・けがで働けない対象者には傷病手当金があり得ます。\n業務災害は通常の傷病手当金ではなく労災保険です。\n診療以外の給付\n要件を満たす就労不能では、傷病手当金は通常連続3日の待期後に始まり、法定ルールにより標準報酬を基礎に計算されます。出産手当金は別給付です。資格、給与との調整、現在の計算は健康保険組合等へ確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/employee-social-insurance-benefits","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-employee-insurance","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"社会保険適用拡大","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/0000147284.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"kyoukaikenpo-sickness","publisher":"全国健康保険協会","title":"傷病手当金","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jps-employees-pension","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Employees’ Pension Insurance","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/employeespension/employee.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:pension-disability-survivor-benefits:ja","entityId":"guide:pension-disability-survivor-benefits","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"公的年金の老齢・障害・遺族保障","plainText":"国民年金・厚生年金には、納付・医学・家族・時期の要件を満たす場合、老齢・障害・遺族給付があります。\n二階建ての年金制度が障害・死亡リスクも支える仕組み。\n居住者は原則国民年金に加入し、対象従業員は厚生年金も積み立てます。\n障害年金と障害者手帳は別制度です。\n遺族給付は死亡者の記録と遺族の関係・状況により異なります。\n公的給付の見込みを確認する前に生命・障害保険額を決めないでください。\n不足額の前に記録を確認\nねんきんネットや年金事務所で納付月数と老齢年金見込額を確認します。障害・遺族請求は別途審査され、初診日と納付記録が重要になり得るため早めの相談が大切です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/pension-disability-survivor-benefits","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"jps-benefits","publisher":"日本年金機構","title":"年金の給付","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jps-disability","publisher":"日本年金機構","title":"障害年金","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/shougainenkin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jps-survivor","publisher":"日本年金機構","title":"遺族年金","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/seido/izokunenkin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:employment-insurance-and-workers-comp:ja","entityId":"guide:employment-insurance-and-workers-comp","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"雇用保険と労災保険","plainText":"雇用保険は要件を満たす失業や所定の休業を支え、労災保険は認定された業務・通勤上の傷病を補償します。\n失業・休業・業務災害・通勤災害の異なる請求経路。\n失業等給付の窓口はハローワークです。\n労災保険は原則として使用者の過失の有無とは別に適用されます。\n労災として扱うべき診療に通常の健康保険を使わないでください。\n自己都合か会社都合かで給付の時期・取扱いが変わり得ます。\n正しい請求経路\n業務・通勤災害は速やかに報告し、医療機関へ労災の可能性を伝えます。離職時は離職票等を受け取りハローワークへ相談します。被保険者期間・離職理由・就労可能性・待期や給付制限が給付に影響します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/employment-insurance-and-workers-comp","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-employment-insurance","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"雇用保険制度","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/koyou/koyouhoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"hellowork-benefits","publisher":"ハローワーク","title":"基本手当","url":"https://www.hellowork.mhlw.go.jp/insurance/insurance_basicbenefit.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-workers-comp","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"労働者災害補償保険","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"民間医療保険は必要？","plainText":"公的・勤務先給付後の保険診療自己負担、対象外費用、収入減を見積もり、残る不足が家計を崩す場合にのみ民間医療保険を検討します。\n公的医療保険と勤務先給付を確認した後の判断枠組み。\n高額療養費は対象診療に適用され、全費用ではありません。\n会社員には傷病手当金があり得ますが、市区町村国保には通常同等の標準給付がありません。\n小さく予測可能な不足には現金貯蓄の方が安い場合があります。\n日額だけでなく定義・待期・更新・免責・総保険料を比較します。\n不足額テスト\n公的上限は月ごとに区切られるため複数の暦月で試算します。対象外の室料・食費と現実的な収入減を加え、傷病手当金・有給・勤務先給付・世帯収入・利用可能な貯蓄を差し引きます。保険が残る不足を実質的に埋めないなら購入しません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/medical-insurance-decision-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-high-cost","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"高額療養費制度","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"kyoukaikenpo-sickness","publisher":"全国健康保険協会","title":"傷病手当金","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:income-protection-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:income-protection-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"働けないときの所得保障","plainText":"不足は就業形態と原因で大きく異なり、傷病手当金・労災・障害年金・雇用保険・勤務先休暇は役割が異なります。\n有給・公的給付・勤務先保障・貯蓄・民間保険を順に重ねる方法。\n短期療養・長期障害・労災・失業・介護を分けます。\n自営業者は通常、短期の療養収入に大きな不足があります。\n緊急資金は待期と免責を補います。\n民間所得補償は給付定義と他給付との調整を確認します。\n一つの金額でなく時系列で考える\n1か月目、2〜6か月、長期障害に分け収入と必須支出を整理します。有給、傷病手当金または労災、勤務先制度、障害年金、配偶者収入、貯蓄を時系列に置き、耐えられない不足が残る部分だけ民間保険を検討します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/income-protection-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":[]},"sources":[{"id":"kyoukaikenpo-sickness","publisher":"全国健康保険協会","title":"傷病手当金","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-workers-comp","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"労働者災害補償保険","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jps-disability","publisher":"日本年金機構","title":"障害年金","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/shougainenkin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-employment-insurance","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"雇用保険制度","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/koyou/koyouhoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:home-earthquake-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:home-earthquake-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅・火災・地震保険","plainText":"通常の火災保険は地震による火災・損害を補償せず、地震保険は火災保険に付帯し、全額再建ではなく生活再建を支える制度です。\n建物・家財・賠償・水災・地震リスクを分けて考える。\n所有者は建物、賃借人は主に家財・借家人賠償・個人賠償を検討します。\n水災・漏水・盗難・破損はそれぞれ補償確認が必要です。\n地震保険金額は火災保険金額に対し法定範囲があります。\n住宅・自動車・カード付帯の個人賠償重複を確認します。\n物件と災害に合わせる\n賃貸借契約・住宅ローンの要件、造作の所有者、土地を除く再調達価額、地域の水災・地震リスクを確認します。免責金額と地震損害区分の定義を読みます。公的な災害支援は限定的で、完全な保険として扱えません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/home-earthquake-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":[]},"sources":[{"id":"mof-earthquake-insurance","publisher":"財務省","title":"地震保険制度","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/policy/financial_system/earthquake_insurance/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sonpo-earthquake","publisher":"日本損害保険協会","title":"地震保険","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mlit-hazard-map","publisher":"国土交通省","title":"ハザードマップポータル","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:auto-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:auto-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"自賠責保険と任意自動車保険","plainText":"自賠責保険は対人損害を限定的に補償し、対物・自車・巨額になり得る賠償の全ては対象外なので、その不足に任意保険を照らします。\n自賠責保険が法的な最低限にすぎない理由。\n自賠責は強制加入で、他人の死傷への補償が中心です。\n対物賠償と自車損害は自賠責の対象外です。\n任意保険は対人上乗せ・対物・搭乗者・弁護士費用・車両損害等を補えます。\n運転者・年齢・用途・地域・免責・家族の定義で補償が制限され得ます。\n自賠責の不足から考える\n運転前に自賠責の有効性を確認します。その後、限度を超える対人賠償、他車・物への損害、自分の傷害・車両、ロードサービス、運転者を整理します。これらの不足でなく保険料から始める比較は不十分です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/auto-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":[]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-cali","publisher":"国土交通省","title":"自賠責保険","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jidosha/anzen/04relief/jibai/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sonpo-auto","publisher":"日本損害保険協会","title":"自動車保険","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jidosha/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-insurance-works-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:how-insurance-works-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保険の仕組み","plainText":"保険は保険料と引き換えに、定められた財務リスクを保険会社へ移転する契約で、約款が定める出来事・人・物・期間にのみ支払われます。\nリスク移転・保険料・定額給付と実損填補・請求・免責。\n補償されるのは約款が定める損失のみで、あらゆる不運ではありません。\n定額給付型は一定額を支払い、実損填補型は限度内で実際の損失を補償します。\n保険料・免責・待機期間・定義が支払可否を左右します。\nパンフレットではなく普通保険約款と注意喚起情報が優先します。\n実際に買っているもの\n買っているのは「あらゆる損失への保護」ではなく、所定の条件下で支払うという契約上の約束です。価格を比較する前に、保険事故の定義・免責・待機期間を読みます。本当のリスクを除外している安い保険は安くありません。\n中心となる判断基準\n保険は次の3つが同時に成り立つ場合にのみ検討します。損失が深刻であること、発生が不確実であること、妥当な保険料で実際に補償されること。予測でき負担可能な費用は貯蓄で賄います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/how-insurance-works-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan","guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-to-read-a-policy-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-read-a-policy-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保険の約款を読む方法","plainText":"契約概要やパンフレットは概要にすぎず、実際の支払可否は普通保険約款・特約・定義・注意喚起情報が決めます。\n契約概要・注意喚起情報・約款・定義・免責・支払事由。\nまず定義規定を読みます。「手術」「がん」「水災」「同居家族」などは定義語です。\n普通・特別の免責と、補償開始日が条件付きの項目を確認します。\n支払事由・限度・免責金額・更新・解約の条件を確認します。\nパンフレットと約款が矛盾する場合は約款が優先します。\n重要な書類\n4つの書類をまとめて保管します。契約概要、注意喚起情報、特約を含む約款全文、そして自分が答えた告知内容です。金融庁の指針は、商品の仕組み・主な特約・保険期間・保険料・解約返戻金・免責・クーリングオフ・告知義務の説明を保険会社に求めています。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/how-to-read-a-policy-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-insurance-works-japan","guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-premiums-explained-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-premiums-explained-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保険料の決まり方","plainText":"保険料は保険金額とリスク要因（年齢・健康・職業・地域・車・ペット・免責・選択した保障）で決まり、年齢更新で大きく上がることがあります。\n年齢・健康・職業・地域・保険金額・免責・更新が価格に与える影響。\n掲載されている保険料例は例示であり、あなたへの見積りではありません。\n免責金額を上げると保険料は下がりますが、自己負担は増えます。\n更新型の定期保険は年齢が上がるため更新のたびに高くなります。\n自動車・ペットは等級・犬種・年齢も反映します。\n価格より先に保障を比較\n保険料を比べる前に、金額・定義・待機期間・更新といった保障を揃えます。初年度が最も安くても、更新で急上昇したり給付が狭ければ、長期では最も高くつくことがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-premiums-explained-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"免責と待機期間","plainText":"請求時の想定外の多くは免責と待機期間から生じます。がん保険は約90日の不担保期間、ペット保険は病気・がんの待機期間が一般的です。\n種類別の主な免責、がん・ペットの待機期間、既往症。\n故意・戦争・重要事実の不告知はほぼ共通の免責です。\nがん保険は待機期間内の診断を通常支払いません。\nペット保険は既往症・多くは先天性疾患を除外します。\n引受基準緩和型は初期の一定期間、給付が削減されることがあります。\n購入前に確認する場所\n見出しの補償だけでなく、特別免責と条件付きの補償開始日を読みます。がん・ペットは、待機期間の起算点と既往症の範囲を正確に確認します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cancer-insurance-japan","guide:pet-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"giaj","publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","title":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-riders-explained-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-riders-explained-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"特約の基礎","plainText":"特約は主契約に付加する任意の保障（先進医療・保険料払込免除・個人賠償・弁護士費用・女性疾病・災害死亡など）で、既定で付けるのではなく、数値化したリスクに対してのみ付けます。\n医療・賠償・弁護士費用・払込免除・先進医療・災害死亡などの特約。\n特約は保険料を増やします。実在し数値化したリスクにだけ付けます。\n個人賠償・弁護士費用特約は安価で広く役立ちます。\n先進医療特約は公的に指定された技術料のみを支払います。\n払込免除特約は所定の障害・疾病で保険料を止めます。\n特約は意図して付ける\n各特約について、どの損失を補うか、他で既に持っていないか、保険料が見合うかを確認します。個人賠償は付ける価値が高いことが多く、小さな医療特約の多くはそうではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-riders-explained-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan","guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:underwriting-and-disclosure-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:underwriting-and-disclosure-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"引受査定と告知","plainText":"告知はすべて完全かつ正確に答えます。保険会社は標準・割増・部位不担保・延期・謝絶のいずれかで判断し、重要事項の不告知は保険金不払いの原因になります。\n告知・診査・割増・部位不担保・延期・謝絶。\n聞かれたことに、正直かつ漏れなく答えます。\n既往症が必ず謝絶になるとは限らず、結果は様々です。\n割増の緩和型より先に、標準の引受を試します。\n請求時に判明した不告知は契約解除につながり得ます。\n推測せず、隠さない\n質問が不明確なら推測せず書面で確認します。保険会社が求める情報を省略しないでください。小さな不担保や割増を受ける方が、後の不告知による不払いより通常は望ましいです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/underwriting-and-disclosure-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:term-renewable-whole-life-basics-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:term-renewable-whole-life-basics-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"定期・更新型・終身の基礎","plainText":"定期は一時的な必要に安く、通常は解約返戻金がありません。更新型は年齢とともに上限まで上がり、終身は払込を続ければ一生涯続きますが早期解約は元本割れし得ます。\n保険期間・保険料の上昇・更新上限・終身の必要性・解約返戻金。\n保険期間は、リスクが実際に続く期間に合わせます。\n更新型には更新できなくなる年齢上限があります。\n終身は解約返戻金がある場合もありますが、早期は少額です。\n大きな定期＋必要な場合のみ小さな終身、という組み合わせが効率的です。\n必要に形を合わせる\n扶養期間中の一時的な家計収入リスクには大きな定期を、葬儀費用や相続の流動性など本当に生涯続く必要にだけ小さな終身を加えます。一時的な問題を終身保険で解決しようとしないでください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/term-renewable-whole-life-basics-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan","guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"解約返戻金と積立部分","plainText":"解約返戻金は解約や契約者貸付で利用できる可能性のある契約価値で、預金ではありません。低解約返戻金型は早期解約で払込額を大きく下回ることがあります。\n終身・低解約返戻金型・契約者貸付・早期解約の損失。\n満期の例示額は前提次第で、保証と明記されない限り保証されません。\n低解約返戻金型は保険料を下げますが、早期解約に不利です。\n契約者貸付は利息がつき、返済まで給付を減らします。\n貯蓄型保険を流動性のある緊急資金と考えないでください。\n保証欄を読む\n設計書では保証値と予定値を分け、現実に解約し得る年数の解約返戻金を確認します。為替・利率・市場・手数料の前提はいずれも実受取額を減らし得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","guide:whole-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-insurance-claims-work-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:how-insurance-claims-work-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保険金請求の仕組み","plainText":"保険金請求は、診断書・領収書・診断・事故証明・見積り・死亡診断書などの必要書類を伴う支払請求で、約款の条件と定義を満たす場合にのみ支払われます。\n証拠・通知・請求書類・調査・支払判断・不払い。\n最終金額が不明でも、速やかに保険会社へ通知します。\n写真・領収書・記録・やり取りを保存します。\n請求番号・必要書類・期限を確認します。\n不払いの場合は約款上の理由を書面で受け取ります。\n共通する請求手順\nまず身の安全と損害拡大の防止、次に関係機関へ連絡、保険会社へ通知、証拠収集、事実の経過を提出、他の適用保険を申告、そして判断を書面で受け取り、事実誤認は条項を示して反論します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/how-insurance-claims-work-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan","guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保険の見積り比較のしかた","plainText":"まず保障・定義・待機期間・更新条件を揃え、その後で初年度の安さではなく長期の総保険料を比較します。\n保障と定義を揃え、総保険料・更新・特約・免責を比較する。\n給付額だけでなく、保険事故の定義を比較します。\n必要に応じ65・75・85・95歳までの総保険料を試算します。\n特約・免責・除外を比較に含めます。\n比較サイトのランキングは全市場ではなくそのサイトの取扱いを反映します。\n同条件の比較表をつくる\n各商品を同じ行で表にします。加入・更新年齢、支払事由と金額、待機期間、免責、更新時の再算定、現実的な期間の総保険料。揃えられない見積りはまだ比較可能ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:insurance-premiums-explained-japan","guide:direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保険の見直しと乗り換え","plainText":"すべての契約を棚卸しし、各給付を実際のリスクに対応させ、乗り換え先が引受・開始され免責を理解するまで既存の生命・医療保険を解約しないでください。\n契約の棚卸し・重複補償・乗り換えリスク・解約のタイミング。\n乗り換えは告知をやり直すため、新たな症状が除外され得ます。\n個人賠償・旅行・端末補償の重複に注意します。\n古い入院中心の医療保険は現在の医療に合わないことがあります。\n新契約のクーリングオフと初回保険料の条件を確認します。\n安全な乗り換え手順\n新しい保障を申込・確保し、開始日と特別な不担保を確認してから、旧契約を解約します。先に解約すると、新規申込が割増・謝絶になった場合に無保険・加入不能になり得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:annual-insurance-review-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"過剰保険と保険不足","plainText":"過剰保険は公的給付・勤務先給付・貯蓄と重複し、根拠のない特約を買うことです。保険不足は無制限賠償・再建・収入減・扶養家族といった巨大リスクの補償漏れです。\n公的給付との重複・不要な特約・巨大リスクの補償漏れ。\n民間保険の前に、公的・勤務先給付を見積もります。\n小さく予算化できる損失は自己資金の方が通常有利です。\n最も大きな不足は対人賠償・再建・収入減です。\n特約の積み増しや巨大リスクの無保険より、適正化が優先です。\n各支出を実リスクに対応させる\n各リスクについて、公的な支払元・貯蓄の余裕・実際の残余損失を一覧化します。残余が大きく不確実な部分だけを保険にします。既存補償と重複する特約は解約し、一つの事故で家計が崩れる部分は限度を引き上げます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/over-and-under-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:employees-vs-national-health-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:employees-vs-national-health-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"健康保険と国民健康保険の違い","plainText":"健康保険は勤務先を通じて加入し、労使折半の報酬比例保険料で被扶養者を扱い、傷病手当金・出産手当金を支給し得ます。市区町村の国民健康保険は世帯単位で、通常これらの所得給付はありません。\n加入・扶養・保険料計算・傷病手当金と出産手当金。\n健康保険には被扶養者制度があり、国保は世帯員ごとに加入します。\n会社員は傷病手当金・出産手当金を受け得ますが、通常の国保にはありません。\nいずれも保険診療と高額療養費を提供します。\n転職により、加入制度と保険料の決まり方が変わり得ます。\n転職するとき\n勤務先の保険を失うと、可能な場合の任意継続か市区町村国保かの選択が生じます。総保険料・被扶養者の扱い・所得給付の要否を比較し、無保険期間を避けるため速やかに加入します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/employees-vs-national-health-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit","guide:employee-social-insurance-benefits"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-health-system","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"医療保険制度","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nichii-nhi","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"国民健康保険制度","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"kyoukaikenpo-sickness","publisher":"全国健康保険協会","title":"傷病手当金","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"公的医療保険の対象外","plainText":"公的保険は保険診療を給付し高額療養費が対象自己負担を上限までに抑えますが、差額ベッド代・保険外診療・食事・文書料・収入減はその保護の外にあります。\n差額ベッド・保険外診療・文書料・食事・収入減などの不足。\n高額療養費は対象自己負担のみを暦月単位で計算します。\n希望による差額ベッド代は上限の対象外です。\n保険外の先進医療技術料は給付されないことがあります。\n収入減は別の給付・保険でのみ補われます。\n民間保険や貯蓄が役立つ場面\n病院に、保険診療と食事・差額ベッド・文書・保険外サービスを分けた明細見積りを依頼します。その上で、残余を賄うのに貯蓄と定額給付の医療保険のどちらが安いかを判断します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan","relation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国際関連ページ","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本を離れるときの保険・年金チェックリスト","plainText":"出国前に、各民間契約が海外で継続できるかを書面で確認し、市区町村で国保を脱退し、年金の脱退一時金を検討し、種類ごとに請求と連絡先を整理します。\n民間契約の継続・国保脱退・年金の脱退一時金・請求・連絡先。\n民間契約が海外で続くかに統一ルールはなく、各社へ確認します。\n市区町村で国保を脱退し、年金の資格を更新します。\n対象なら2年の期限内に脱退一時金の要否を判断します。\n海外で請求・通知がどう届くかを確認します。\n各民間保険会社へ書面で確認\n各民間契約について、海外で継続できるか、保険料の払込方法、通知の送付先、請求書類の扱い、日本の住所・口座が必須かを確認します。回答は約款とともに保管します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pension-for-foreign-residents-japan","guide:insurance-foreign-residents-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"jps-lumpsum","publisher":"日本年金機構","title":"脱退一時金","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/withdrawalpayment/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nichii-nhi","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"国民健康保険制度","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:term-life-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:term-life-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"定期保険","plainText":"定期保険は一定期間の死亡保障を比較的低い保険料で提供し、通常は解約返戻金がほぼ無く、扶養期間や住宅ローン期間など一時的な収入不足に最も適します。\n平準・更新型、年齢制限、保険料の変化、向くケース、免責。\n親・住宅ローン利用者・一時的な収入不足に向きます。\n更新型は更新のたびに高くなり、年齢上限があります。\n遺族年金や勤務先の死亡給付は必要額を減らします。\n自殺免責期間と告知のルールが適用されます。\n実際の不足に合わせる\n給与全額を保険にしません。負債・独立までの家計収入・教育費を足し、遺族年金・勤務先給付・資産・配偶者収入を差し引きます。扶養期間全体を平準の定期で覆う方が、短い更新型より通常わかりやすいです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/term-life-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jps-survivor","publisher":"日本年金機構","title":"遺族年金","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/seido/izokunenkin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:whole-life-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:whole-life-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"終身保険","plainText":"終身保険は払込を続ける限り一生涯の死亡保障を提供し解約返戻金を持つ場合もありますが、保険料は定期より高く、早期解約は払込額を大きく下回ることがあります。\n一生涯の死亡保障・解約返戻金・保険料の型・解約リスク。\n葬儀費用・相続の流動性・分割対策など、本当に生涯続く必要に向きます。\n解約返戻金は預金ではなく、早期は少額です。\n外貨建て・変額は市場・為替リスクを加えます。\n一時的な必要には定期の方が通常はるかに安価です。\nまず生涯続く必要を確認\n終身は明確な生涯の必要にだけ、金額を小さく契約します。予定値を保証された預金と誤解すること、一時的な収入不足を大きな終身で解決しようとすることが二大失敗です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/whole-life-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan","guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:private-medical-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:private-medical-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"民間医療保険","plainText":"民間医療保険は公的保障の上に、日額・手術・一時金など約款所定の給付を支払います。公的医療保険を置き換えるのではなく補完し、残る不足が家計を崩す場合以外は任意です。\n入院・手術・外来の定額給付と公的保険の関係。\n多くの商品は実際の請求額ではなく定額を支払います。\n公的な高額療養費が対象自己負担を月単位で既に抑えます。\n日額だけでなく入院日数・手術の定義・更新を比較します。\n小さく予測可能な不足は貯蓄で賄う方が安いことがあります。\n残余の不足を検証\n公的上限を複数の暦月で試算し、対象外の室料・食費と現実的な収入減を足し、傷病手当金・有給・貯蓄を差し引きます。残る不足を実質的に埋める場合にのみ購入します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/private-medical-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan","guide:what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-high-cost","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"高額療養費制度","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"kyoukaikenpo-sickness","publisher":"全国健康保険協会","title":"傷病手当金","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:cancer-insurance-japan:ja","entityId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日本損害保険協会","title":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"個人賠償責任保険","plainText":"個人賠償責任は、子どもの破損・自転車事故・一部の漏水など日常生活の法律上の賠償を補償し、世帯で1契約・1特約あれば家族全員に足りることが多いです。\n自転車・子ども・ペット・漏水などの世帯補償と免責。\n1つの世帯契約で通常家族全員を補償します。\n自動車・火災・カードに安価な特約として付くことが多いです。\n業務・専門職賠償・故意は除外されます。\n同居家族の定義と、家族間賠償の扱いを確認します。\n1特約で世帯全体\n個人賠償特約は安価で広いため、多くの家族に1つで足ります。ただし同居家族の定義・限度額・弁護士費用の有無・自転車やペット関連賠償の補償を確認します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/personal-liability-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:bicycle-insurance-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"一般社団法人 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日本損害保険協会","title":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:travel-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:travel-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"旅行保険","plainText":"旅行保険は海外での治療・緊急移送・取消・賠償・携行品を補償します。限度は渡航先とリスクで選びます。海外の高額な治療・移送費は破滅的になり得るため、確認しない限りカード付帯に頼らないでください。\n治療・救援・取消・賠償・携行品・遅延・アシスタンス。\n高額な渡航先ほど治療・移送の限度が最重要です。\n既往症や通常の妊娠は通常除外されます。\n取消は所定の事由が必要で、気変わりは対象外です。\nカード付帯は補完的・限定的・利用条件付きのことがあります。\n渡航先で限度を選ぶ\n治療費300万円の限度は、医療が高額な地域や移送が必要な場合に不足し得ます。限度を渡航先と活動に合わせ、カード保険は毎回確認する補完と考え、代替にしないでください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/travel-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:credit-card-travel-insurance-japan","guide:travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","title":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:credit-card-travel-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:credit-card-travel-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"クレジットカード付帯の旅行保険","plainText":"カード付帯の旅行保険は自動付帯か利用付帯かが分かれ、本人のみ・低い治療限度・取消なしのことがあります。発行会社は旅程と無関係に適用条件や限度を変えるため、毎回、最新の付帯条件を確認します。\n自動付帯と利用付帯、治療限度、適用条件、家族補償。\n利用付帯は、対象の旅行費用をそのカードで支払った場合のみ適用されます。\n治療限度は単体の旅行保険よりはるかに低いことがあります。\n家族は対象外のことがあり、付帯条件で確認します。\n内容は変わり得るため、発行時でなく毎回出発前に確認します。\n毎回、付帯条件を読む\n適用条件（どの支払で有効になるか）、被保険者、旅行日数、海外治療・移送の限度、取消の有無を確認します。カードの限度が低い場合は、不足分を単体保険で補います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/credit-card-travel-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:travel-insurance-japan","guide:travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"一般社団法人 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日本損害保険協会","title":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:freelancer-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:freelancer-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスの保険","plainText":"フリーランスは傷病手当金・有給・雇用保険・通常の労災がないため、通常はより大きな緊急資金に加え、所得補償・専門職賠償、そして2024年以降は対象なら労災の特別加入が必要になります。\n所得・賠償・サイバー・機材・労災特別加入・休業。\n傷病手当金がなく、短期の収入不足が大きくなります。\n2024年以降、対象業務は承認団体を通じ労災に特別加入できます。\n専門職賠償・サイバー・機材補償が顧客・データのリスクに合います。\n小さな保険の積み増しより、大きな緊急資金が有利なことが多いです。\n公的・貯蓄・民間の順に重ねる\n国保・国民年金・高額療養費を確認し、療養収入の不足に緊急資金を用意し、労災の特別加入を検討し、その上で業務に応じて所得補償・専門職賠償・サイバー・休業補償を加えます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/freelancer-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:insurance-freelancers-japan","guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nichii-nhi","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"国民健康保険制度","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-freelance-rousai","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"労災保険の特別加入（フリーランス等）","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/tokubetu.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:small-business-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:small-business-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"小規模事業者の保険","plainText":"小規模事業者はまず従業員の法定義務を満たし、次に巨大賠償・店舗と財物・事業継続・サイバーとデータ・重要人物を保険にします。補償は業種・売上・契約・データ管理に合わせます。\n財物・賠償・サイバー・休業・従業員・経営者・役員賠償。\n任意の企業保険より、従業員の法定制度が先です。\n巨額の対人・製造物賠償は優先度が高いです。\nサイバー・休業・経営者保険が継続リスクに合います。\n顧客・金融機関が契約上求める補償に合わせます。\n優先順位で保険を付ける\n従業員の法定義務、巨大賠償、店舗・財物、事業継続、サイバー・データ、重要人物、最後に顧客契約や融資が求めるリスクの順に補償します。特殊・多国籍のリスクには保険ブローカーが役立ちます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/small-business-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:freelancer-insurance-japan","guide:mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"一般社団法人 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日本損害保険協会","title":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"貯蓄型保険とNISAの比較","plainText":"貯蓄型保険は控えめな死亡保障と流動性の低い積立・解約リスクを組み合わせ、NISAは保障なしで柔軟な非課税の投資成長を提供します。多くの人には、安い定期保険とNISA投資を分ける方が明快で安価です。\n流動性・保証・投資リスク・税制・死亡保障。\nNISAの利益は非課税で、資金は流動的です。\n貯蓄型保険は早期解約で元本割れし得ます。\n保険は死亡保障を加え、NISAにはありません。\n定期保険と投資を分ける方が通常は透明です。\n保障と成長は別の役割\n保証値・手数料・流動性・税を比較します。死亡保障が必要なら定期を、成長を求めるならNISAやiDeCoで運用します。束ねるのは、明確な保証や相続目的の限られた場合だけにします。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan","guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"直販と代理店の比較","plainText":"直販のネット保険は分かりやすい定期・自動車・旅行・ペット・医療や日本語に自信のある人に向き、代理店や乗合代理店は医療の告知・家族保障・複雑な設計に役立ちますが、取扱範囲と報酬の仕組みを確認します。\n価格・助言・契約管理・請求・複雑さの比較。\n直販：見積りが速く選択肢が明確だが人的助言は限定的。\n専属代理店：手厚いが取扱商品が限られる。\n乗合代理店：比較できるが全市場ではない。\n取扱各社と手数料の仕組みを確認します。\n判断に合う経路を選ぶ\n自分で比較できる単純で明確な保障は直販を使います。医療の告知・家族保障・相続設計は代理店を使い、書面の比較と推奨の根拠を求めます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","guide:mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"共済と民間保険の比較","plainText":"共済（JA・生協・こくみん・都道府県民共済）は簡素で割安な給付が多い一方、上限が低く規制も異なります。共済は民間保険と自動的に同等ではないため、加入資格・上限・継続・保護制度を比較します。\n加入資格・掛金・給付・継続・規制・保護。\n共済の給付・上限は個別設計の保険より低いことがあります。\n加入資格は居住地・勤務先・組合員資格に依存し得ます。\n脱退後の継続を確認する必要があります。\n共済契約は標準の保険契約者保護機構の対象とは限りません。\n運営と上限を比較\n運営・加入資格・剰余金の扱い・給付上限・継続ルール・適用される保護制度を比較します。共済は単純な必要には割安ですが、大きな・特殊なリスクは上限を超え得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan","guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","title":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ペット保険と治療費積立の比較","plainText":"ペット保険は不確実な治療費を保険料に変えますが既往症を除外し年齢で高くなります。専用の積立は柔軟で条件がない一方、大きな手術やがん治療1回で尽きることがあります。\n予測可能な保険料・除外・年齢での上昇・高額治療。\n保険はまれで高額な治療費に最も有効です。\n既往症・予防的ケアは保険の対象外です。\n保険料は年齢で上がり、積立は上がらないが尽き得ます。\n保険を望むなら早めに加入します。後から既往症は入れられません。\n頻度と重大性で判断\n日常のケアは自己負担できても大手術は無理な場合、少額請求の補償より高限度プランや十分な積立が重要です。年間限度・免責・年齢での再算定・終身継続性を積立と比較します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pet-insurance-japan","guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","title":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-single-employee-20s-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-single-employee-20s-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"20代の単身会社員の保険","plainText":"単身の会社員は通常、公的保障が手厚いため、優先は緊急資金・借家の家財と個人賠償・控えめな所得補償です。扶養や負債がなければ生命保険の優先度は低いです。\n既存の公的給付・緊急資金・借家・賠償・所得補償。\n健康保険・高額療養費・傷病手当金・障害年金の保障があります。\n任意保険の前に緊急資金を用意します。\n借家の家財と個人賠償は安価で有用です。\n扶養や負債がなければ生命保険は通常不要です。\n優先順位\nまず緊急資金、次に借家の家財と個人賠償、必要時の旅行保険、傷病手当金後の期間を貯蓄で埋められない場合の控えめな所得補償。終身や重い医療特約は見送ります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-single-employee-20s-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:income-protection-japan","guide:insurance-renters-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-health-system","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"医療保険制度","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"kyoukaikenpo-sickness","publisher":"全国健康保険協会","title":"傷病手当金","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-family-with-children-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-family-with-children-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"子育て世帯の保険","plainText":"子育て世帯は、遺族年金を差し引いた上で、収入の喪失年数・教育・育児に対して逓減定期や収入保障の死亡保障と障害保障を設計し、包括的な賠償と住宅・地震保険を加えます。学資保険は基本保障の後です。\n遺族年金・教育・育児・障害・定期保険・住宅補償。\n死亡保障は独立までの収入・教育・育児・負債を覆います。\n保険金額を決める前に遺族年金を見積もります。\n障害保障は死亡保障と同等に重要になり得ます。\n包括的な個人賠償と住宅・地震保険を加えます。\n実際の不足に合わせる\n負債・独立までの家計収入・教育費を足し、遺族年金・勤務先給付・資産・配偶者収入を差し引きます。学資保険は、基本の死亡・障害・賠償・住宅補償を整えた後にのみ検討します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-family-with-children-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","guide:term-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"jps-survivor","publisher":"日本年金機構","title":"遺族年金","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/seido/izokunenkin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-homeowners-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-homeowners-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"持ち家世帯の保険","plainText":"持ち家世帯は団体信用生命保険を確認し、建物を再調達価額で家財も現実的に保険を付け、ハザードマップから地震・水災の要否を決め、ローン返済に必要な収入を守ります。\n団信・再建・地震・水災・家財・収入リスク。\n住宅ローンに団信が含まれるか確認します。\n建物は土地や売却価値でなく再調達価額で保険を付けます。\n地震・水災は地域のハザードで判断します。\n所得補償は障害後もローン返済を可能にします。\n物件と収入のリスクを重ねる\n団信は死亡時にローンを完済し得ますが日常生活費は賄いません。建物・家財を現実的な金額で、ハザードに応じ地震・水災、個人賠償、障害への所得補償を加えます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-homeowners-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-earthquake-insurance-japan","guide:fire-vs-earthquake-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mof-earthquake-insurance","publisher":"財務省","title":"地震保険制度","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/policy/financial_system/earthquake_insurance/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mlit-hazard-map","publisher":"国土交通省","title":"ハザードマップポータル","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-renters-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-renters-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"賃貸世帯の保険","plainText":"賃貸世帯は主に家財補償・貸主への借家人賠償・個人賠償が必要です。家財の地震補償を加え、個人賠償特約がカードや自動車保険と重複していないか確認します。\n家財・借家人賠償・個人賠償・自転車・地震補償。\n家財補償は建物でなく自分の持ち物を守ります。\n借家人賠償は貸主に負う損害を補償します。\n個人賠償は日常の対人・対物賠償を補償します。\n購入前に個人賠償特約の重複を確認します。\n必要な限度を確認\n貸主が求める借家人賠償の限度を確認し、地震後に買い直せない家財があれば地震補償を加え、他で持つ個人賠償の二重加入を避けます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-renters-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:renter-insurance-japan","guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","title":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-freelancers-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-freelancers-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスの保険（人物別）","plainText":"フリーランスは国保・国民年金・高額療養費はありますが、傷病手当金・有給・雇用保険・通常の労災がないため、より大きな緊急資金・所得補償・労災特別加入・専門職やサイバー補償が重要になります。\n欠ける勤務先給付・所得補償・労災特別加入・専門職リスク。\n傷病手当金がなく短期の収入不足が大きくなります。\n2024年以降、労災の特別加入が利用できる場合があります。\n専門職賠償・サイバー補償が顧客・データのリスクに合います。\nより大きな緊急資金が最も価値の高い一手のことが多いです。\n勤務先給付の穴を埋める\n会社員が持つ給付を洗い出し、重要なものを補います。療養収入の不足への緊急資金、所得補償、対象なら労災特別加入、業務に応じた専門職・サイバー・機材・休業補償です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-freelancers-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:freelancer-insurance-japan","guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nichii-nhi","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"国民健康保険制度","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-freelance-rousai","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"労災保険の特別加入（フリーランス等）","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/tokubetu.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-retirees-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-retirees-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"退職後・高齢期の保険","plainText":"高齢期は公的医療・高額療養費・年金・介護保険があります。優先は現金準備と介護計画、住宅・家財・賠償、明確な目的のための限定的な終身保険、そして年金・外貨建て販売の精査です。\n公的医療・介護・終身保険・年金・詐欺リスク。\n介護・食費・居住費は公的に全額は賄われません。\n終身保険は相続の流動性など明確な目的にだけ。\n年金・外貨建て商品は手数料とリスクを精査します。\n強引・不正な販売に注意します。\n商品より介護と流動性を計画\n現金準備を整え、介護と住宅改修を計画し、住宅・家財・賠償を維持し、終身保険は特定の相続・葬儀目的にだけ使います。年金や外貨建ての提案は、まず預金と公的給付と比較します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-retirees-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:long-term-care-insurance-japan","guide:savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-ltci","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"介護保険制度","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/hukushi_kaigo/kaigo_koureisha/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-foreign-residents-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-foreign-residents-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者の保険","plainText":"外国人居住者は要件を満たせば同じ公的制度を使います。追加のリスクは加入ミス・免責の誤解・請求窓口に連絡できないこと・出国です。二言語対応・簡単な商品・翻訳要約・在留と出国ルールの書面確認を重視します。\n公的加入・言語対応・在留ルール・受取人・出国。\n英語の顧客対応が英語の契約を意味するとは限りません。\n理解できない告知書に署名しないでください。\n出国後も契約が続くかを書面で確認します。\n年金・健康保険の加入・納付記録を保管します。\n理解と出国が最重要\n勤務先の福利厚生担当・自治体の多言語窓口・通訳や英語請求対応が明記された保険会社・二言語の相談者を活用します。出国前に、各契約の継続・保険料・通知・請求について書面で回答を得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-foreign-residents-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","guide:pension-for-foreign-residents-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nichii-nhi","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"国民健康保険制度","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-pet-owners-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-pet-owners-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ペットの飼い主の保険","plainText":"公的な動物医療保険がなく、飼い主は大手術・がん・慢性疾患の費用に直面します。ペット保険を専用の積立と比較し、保険を望むなら既往症が除外されるため病気になる前に加入します。\nペット保険・緊急資金・年齢・犬種・想定治療費。\n日本に公的な動物医療保険はありません。\n保険はまれで高額な治療に最も有効です。\n早めに加入します。既往症は除外されます。\n補償割合・限度・免責・年齢での再算定を比較します。\n保険か積立か\n日常のケアは自己負担できても大手術は無理なら、少額請求の補償より高い年間限度や十分な積立を優先します。保険を選ぶなら若く健康なうちに加入します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-pet-owners-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pet-insurance-japan","guide:pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","title":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"既往症がある場合の保険","plainText":"公的医療保険は民間の審査なく対象治療を給付します。民間の医療・がん・生命・障害保険は、まず標準引受と事前査定、次に団体保険、その後に緩和型を試し、部位不担保や割増を比較します。\n公的保障・標準引受・部位不担保・団体・緩和型。\n公的医療保障は民間審査の影響を受けません。\n結果は標準引受から部位不担保・割増・謝絶まで様々です。\n緩和型の前に標準引受と事前査定を試します。\n割高な保険の代わりに大きな貯蓄準備も有効です。\n試す順序\n標準引受を試し、事前査定を依頼し、勤務先の団体保険を検討し、その上で緩和型を比較します。割増や初期給付削減と、より大きな緊急資金を比べます。告知は一貫して正確に行います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","guide:underwriting-and-disclosure-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本での保険金請求のしかた","plainText":"ほぼ全ての請求で、身の安全と損害拡大防止、関係機関への連絡、保険会社への速やかな通知、証拠収集、事実の経過提出、他の保険の申告、判断の書面受領、紛争の段階的な申立てを行います。\n共通手順：証拠・通知・書類・判断・エスカレーション。\n最終金額が不明でも速やかに通知します。\n請求番号・必要書類・期限を確認します。\n写真・領収書・記録・やり取りを保存します。\n判断と不払いの理由を書面で受け取ります。\n10のステップ\n身の安全を確保し、警察・消防・医療・建物・航空・カードなど関係先へ連絡し、保険会社へ通知し、請求番号と書類を確認し、証拠を保存し、経過を提出し、他の保険を申告し、判断を書面で受け取り、事実誤認は条項を示して反論し、未解決の苦情はエスカレーションします。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/how-to-make-a-claim-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan","guide:insurance-complaints-adr-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"giaj","publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","title":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保険金が支払われない理由","plainText":"事故が免責・定義に該当しない・補償が未開始や失効・限度を超過・重要な告知義務違反のいずれかのとき、保険金は支払われません。約款上の理由を読み、約款と照合します。\n免責・定義・失効・待機期間・限度・不告知。\n不払いは約款上の理由を示す必要があり、書面で受け取ります。\n典型：免責・定義不該当・失効・不告知。\n待機期間や限度超過も支払を妨げます。\n事実誤認は証拠と条項で反論できます。\n理由を約款と照合\n書面の理由と該当条項を入手し、事実が本当に免責に当たるか定義を満たさないかを確認します。事実誤認に基づく場合は、証拠と該当条項で反論してからエスカレーションします。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/why-claims-are-denied-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan","guide:insurance-complaints-adr-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-complaints-adr-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-complaints-adr-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保険の苦情とADR","plainText":"段階的に、担当者、保険会社の苦情窓口、代理店の管理者、次に損害保険はそんぽADRセンター・生命保険は生命保険協会のADR、その後に消費生活センター、金融庁、最後に法的手段へ進めます。\n保険会社の苦情窓口・そんぽADR・生保ADR・消費生活・金融庁。\nまず担当者と保険会社の苦情窓口です。\n損害保険はそんぽADR、生命保険は生保協会のADRへ。\n消費生活センターや金融庁も相談先です。\n約款・告知・通知・書面の理由をすべて保管します。\nエスカレーションの順序\n保険会社を関与させたまま順に進め、商品種類に応じた指定ADR機関を使います。約款・注意喚起情報・告知内容・通知・診療や修理の書類・書面の不払い理由をすべて保管します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-complaints-adr-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan","guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"sonpo-adr","publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","title":"そんぽADRセンター（損害保険相談・紛争解決）","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/about/soudan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"lia-consultation","publisher":"一般社団法人 生命保険協会","title":"生命保険相談・紛争解決（指定ADR）","url":"https://www.seiho.or.jp/contact/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"ncac-insurance","publisher":"独立行政法人 国民生活センター","title":"消費生活相談・注意喚起","url":"https://www.kokusen.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:annual-insurance-review-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:annual-insurance-review-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保険の年次見直し","plainText":"結婚・出産・転職・住宅購入・ローン完済・診断・退職・ペット・車の変更・出国の後に見直し、受取人・公的給付・重複補償・評価額・解約が新たな引受問題を生まないかを確認します。\n生活・仕事・住まい・家族・車・在留の変化後に行うチェックリスト。\n受取人と連絡先を更新します。\n公的・勤務先給付と必要な死亡保障を再確認します。\n賠償・旅行・自転車・端末・ペットの重複を探します。\n乗り換え先が開始する前に医療・生命保険を解約しません。\n毎年確認する項目\n受取人、公的・勤務先給付、団信、重複特約、古い運転者・世帯条件、建物・家財の再調達価額、水災・地震の判断、障害の待期、解約返戻金、更新年齢、海外居住、そして解約が新たな引受問題を生まないかを確認します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/annual-insurance-review-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の税金の仕組み","plainText":"日本は2本立てです。国の所得税（源泉徴収され、多くは会社の年末調整で完結）と、稼いだ翌年に請求される地方の住民税。源泉徴収で足りない分は確定申告で精算します。\n国税と地方税、暦年課税、源泉徴収、年末調整、そして翌年課税の住民税。\n国税は中央政府、住民税は都道府県・市区町村の財源です。\n所得税の課税年度は1月1日〜12月31日の暦年です。\n会社は年内に所得税を源泉徴収しますが、これは前払いで最終税額ではありません。\n住民税（約10%）は前年の所得に基づき、翌年6月から徴収されます。\n30万円の所得控除は税額ではなく課税所得を減らします。節税額はおおよそ限界税率×控除額です。\n国税と地方税\n所得は2つの別々の機関が課税します。所得税は国税庁が扱う累進課税です。住民税は市区町村と都道府県が扱い、所得割は原則約10%（東京では都民税4%＋区市町村民税6%）で、均等割と森林環境税が併せて徴収されます。さらに算出所得税額の2.1%にあたる復興特別所得税が2037年まで課されます。\n源泉徴収と年末調整\n会社・年金の支払者・一部の取引先は、支払いの都度、税を源泉徴収します。源泉徴収額が年間の正確な税額と一致することはまれなため、会社は年末調整で多くの会社員の所得税を精算します。ここでの還付は前払いが多すぎただけで、その所得が非課税だった訳ではありません。\n住民税が遅れて来る理由\n住民税は前年の所得に基づいて課税され、翌年6月から翌々年5月まで徴収されます。来日者は1年目の負担が小さく2年目に驚くことが多く、出国者も出国前年の所得に基づく住民税を負担することがあります。この時間差に備えましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/how-taxes-work-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing","faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-income-tax-rate","publisher":"国税庁","title":"所得税の税率","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2260.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"新宿区","title":"個人住民税","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の税金の種類","plainText":"所得税・住民税のほかに、消費税、個人事業税、固定資産税・都市計画税、不動産取得税、登録免許税・印紙税、自動車関係税、贈与税・相続税などがあり、それぞれ課税要件と管轄が異なります。\n個人が出会う税金の一覧：所得税・住民税・消費税・事業税・固定資産税・贈与税・相続税など。\n国税：所得税・消費税・登録免許税/印紙税・贈与税・相続税。\n地方税：住民税・事業税・固定資産税/都市計画税・不動産取得税。\n問題の窓口は税目次第（税務署か、市区町村か、都道府県か）。\n個人事業税は法定の業種のみ、290万円程度の事業主控除の後に課税。\n国税\n国税庁は、所得税と2.1%の復興特別所得税、課税取引にかかる消費税、登記等にかかる登録免許税（不動産の登記を含む）、一定の文書にかかる印紙税、そして贈与税・相続税を扱います。これらは国に納付し、争いは税務署が窓口です。\n地方税\n都道府県・市区町村は、住民税（所得割約10%＋均等割）、法定業種にかかる個人事業税（事業主控除は原則年290万円、税率は3%・4%・5%が中心）、土地・家屋・償却資産にかかる固定資産税・都市計画税、不動産取得時の不動産取得税を課します。住民税の通知の誤りは税務署ではなく市区町村で訂正します。\n自動車・贈与・相続\n車の保有には自動車関係税（保有・重量・環境性能）がかかります。年110万円の基礎控除を超える贈与は贈与税の対象になり得ます。基礎控除（3,000万円＋600万円×法定相続人）を超える相続は相続税の対象で、申告期限は10か月です。いずれも事実関係が重要で、専門家の関与が望ましい分野です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/types-of-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan","guide:property-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"新宿区","title":"個人住民税","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の10種類の所得区分","plainText":"日本はすべての収入を10種類の所得区分のいずれかに分類し、契約書の文言ではなく区分が、使える経費・損失や計算方法を決めます。\n給与・事業・雑・不動産・譲渡・配当・利子・退職・山林・一時所得と、区分が重要な理由。\n10区分：利子・配当・不動産・事業・給与・退職・山林・譲渡・一時・雑所得。\n区分は支払者の呼称ではなく実態（継続性・規模・帳簿・営利性）で決まります。\n事業・不動産所得は青色申告の特典や損失の繰越が使え、雑所得は原則使えません。\n一部（上場株式・退職・一定の金融所得）は総合課税ではなく分離課税です。\n10の区分\n法定の区分は、利子所得・配当所得・不動産所得・事業所得・給与所得・退職所得・山林所得・譲渡所得・一時所得・雑所得です。給与所得は実費経費ではなく給与所得控除を用い、事業所得は幅広い必要経費が認められ、退職所得や上場株式の所得は独自の分離計算を使います。\n区分が重要な理由\nクリエイター・アフィリエイター・ネット販売者・コンサル・開発者は、事実関係により給与・事業・雑のいずれにもなり得ます。違いは形式的ではありません。事業所得は青色申告特別控除・専従者給与・（要件を満たせば）3年間の損失繰越が使えますが、雑所得の損失は原則給与と通算できません。副業が継続的・組織的になったら、正しい区分と帳簿を意識的に固めましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/the-10-types-of-income-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-income-categories","publisher":"国税庁","title":"所得の区分のあらまし","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1300.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-income-vs-misc","publisher":"国税庁","title":"事業所得の課税のしくみ（事業所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1350.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の所得税率と税率区分","plainText":"所得税は課税所得（額面ではない）に対し5%〜45%の7段階の累進で、これに2.1%の復興特別所得税が加わり、住民税約10%は別途計算されます。\n7段階の累進税率、復興特別所得税、限界税率と平均税率の違い。\n税率は控除後の課税所得に適用され、額面には適用されません。\n7段階の税率は5・10・20・23・33・40・45%。\n目安の式：税額＝課税所得×税率−区分ごとの控除額。さらに2.1%の復興特別所得税。\n限界税率（次の1円にかかる率）は平均税率（全体の率）より高くなります。\n累進の区分\n課税所得は段階的に課税されます。195万円まで5%、330万円まで10%、695万円まで20%、900万円まで23%、1,800万円まで33%、4,000万円まで40%、4,000万円超で45%です。国税庁の速算表は各税率に控除額を対応させ、1行で計算できます。課税所得700万円なら、700万円×23%−63.6万円＝97.4万円が復興特別所得税・税額控除前の所得税です。\n復興税・住民税・限界税率\n算出した所得税に、2.1%の復興特別所得税（97.4万円なら約20,454円）を加えます。住民税約10%は市区町村のルールで別途計算します。各区分の税率は区分内の所得だけにかかるため、昇給で過去の所得が遡って高い税率になることはなく、各基準を超えた部分にのみ高い税率が適用されます。これが限界税率と平均税率が異なる理由で、控除の節税額がおおよそ限界税率×控除額になる理由です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-income-tax-rate","publisher":"国税庁","title":"所得税の税率","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2260.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return:ja","entityId":"guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"年末調整と確定申告の違い","plainText":"年末調整は会社が支払った給与の所得税を精算する手続き、確定申告は本人がすべての申告対象所得を精算する手続きです。年末調整後でも、副収入・医療費・住宅ローン控除初年度などで確定申告が必要になることがあります。\nそれぞれの対象範囲・実施主体と、年末調整があっても申告が必要な場合。\n年末調整は会社、確定申告は本人（または税理士）が行います。\n年末調整はその会社が扱った給与所得のみが対象です。\n医療費控除、ワンストップを超える寄付、住宅ローン控除初年度は確定申告が必要です。\n年末調整は、未申告の副業・不動産・国外・投資所得を精算しません。\n実施主体と対象\n会社は年末近くの給与処理として年末調整を行います。通常、基礎・配偶者・扶養・社会保険料・生命保険料の各控除を適用し、2年目以降は住宅ローン控除も反映します。確定申告は本人が原則2月16日〜3月15日に行い、事業・不動産の損益、譲渡所得、医療費・寄付金控除、住宅ローン控除初年度、外国税額控除などすべてを対象にします。\n両方が関わる場合\n年末調整を受けても申告が必要なことがあります。20万円超の副収入、2か所給与、多額の医療費、住宅ローン控除初年度のある給与所得者は、会社が作成した源泉徴収票を起点に確定申告します。どちらも万能ではなく、住民税申告・贈与税・消費税は別の義務として残り得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-withholding","publisher":"国税庁","title":"源泉徴収が必要な報酬・料金","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"副収入20万円ルール","plainText":"1か所で源泉徴収される給与所得者は、給与・退職以外の所得が20万円を超えると原則として確定申告が必要です。これは売上ではなく必要経費控除後の所得で判定し、20万円以下でも住民税申告は必要な場合があります。\n副収入で会社員に申告義務が生じる場合と、それが売上ではなく経費控除後の所得である理由。\n判定は売上ではなく必要経費控除後の所得です。\n給与が1社の源泉徴収で完結している会社員が対象です。\nちょうど20万円では発生しません。ルールは「20万円を超える」場合です。\n所得税の20万円特例は住民税の申告義務までは免除しません。\n売上ではなく所得\nこのルールは必要経費控除後の所得で見ます。アフィリエイト売上30万円に対し、直接関係するプラットフォーム・広告費が8万円なら、所得は22万円で基準超過となり申告が必要です。経費で所得をちょうど20万円にすればこの給与＋副収入の要件は超えませんが、他の申告要件や自治体の住民税ルールは別途確認が必要です。\n住民税の落とし穴\n20万円ルールは所得税の便宜であり非課税ではありません。国の申告が不要でも、自治体は住民税のためにその副収入の申告を求めるのが一般的です。これは避けられるよくある誤りです。国の基準未満なら、市区町村に住民税申告を行いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-income-vs-misc","publisher":"国税庁","title":"事業所得の課税のしくみ（事業所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1350.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の所得控除・税額控除の総合ガイド","plainText":"所得控除は課税される所得を減らし、税額控除は税額そのものを減らします。30万円の所得控除の節税額はおおよそ限界税率×30万円、30万円の税額控除は最大30万円の減税になり得ます。\n所得控除と税額控除の違いと主要なもの：基礎・配偶者・扶養・医療費・保険・iDeCo・寄付・住宅ローン。\n所得控除は課税所得を、税額控除は税額を減らします。控除額がそのまま還付される訳ではありません。\n年末調整で基礎・配偶者・扶養・社会保険料・生命保険料の各控除を処理します。\n医療費、ワンストップを超える寄付、住宅ローン控除初年度は確定申告が必要です。\n医療費のしきい値は10万円（総所得200万円未満は5%）、控除上限は200万円です。\n所得控除と税額控除\n所得控除（基礎・配偶者・配偶者特別・扶養・特定親族・医療費・社会保険料・生命/地震保険・小規模企業共済等/iDeCo・寄付金・障害・ひとり親など）は課税所得から差し引きます。税額控除（住宅ローン控除・配当控除など）は算出税額から差し引きます。この違いが実際の節税額を左右します。所得控除の価値は限界税率に比例し、税額控除は上限の範囲でほぼそのまま減税になります。\n多くの人が使う控除\n会社員は給与所得控除（2025年分以降は最低65万円、上限195万円）に加え、改正後の総所得により額が変わる基礎控除を自動で受けます。医療費控除は対象費用から補填と10万円（または5%）のしきい値を引いた額で上限200万円。明細書を提出し領収書は5年間保管します。iDeCoの掛金は控除対象、生命・地震保険は法定の上限、ふるさと納税は寄付金控除＋住民税控除として反映されます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-furusato","faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:furusato-nozei-explained","guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-basic-deduction","publisher":"国税庁","title":"基礎控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1199.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-medical-deduction","publisher":"国税庁","title":"医療費控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1120.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-employment-deduction","publisher":"国税庁","title":"給与所得控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1410.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-taxes-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:investment-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の投資にかかる税金","plainText":"上場株式の譲渡益・配当は原則約20.315%の分離課税、NISAは対象の利益を非課税、iDeCoは掛金控除と課税繰延、暗号資産は雑所得として累進課税（大きな利益では高率）になります。\n株式・配当・NISA・iDeCo・暗号資産の課税と、申告が有利になる場面。\n上場株式：分離課税で合計20.315%。源泉徴収口座なら申告不要にできます。\n株式の損失を申告すると配当と通算でき、3年間繰り越せます。\nNISAは利益・配当が非課税ですが、損失は課税口座の利益と通算できません。\n暗号資産は累進課税の雑所得。交換や決済でも課税され、出金時だけではありません。\n株式・配当・口座\n上場株式の譲渡益は原則、申告分離課税で合計20.315%（国税15%＋復興0.315%＋地方5%）です。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）なら申告せずに完結できます。上場配当は通常、国税15.315%＋地方5%が源泉徴収され、申告不要・総合課税・分離課税を選べます。上場株式の損失を配当と通算し、要件を満たす損失を3年繰り越すために申告が有利なこともありますが、申告は住民税ベースの指標（国保料など）を上げることもあります。\nNISA・iDeCo・暗号資産\nNISAは年360万円（生涯は取得価額で1,800万円）まで投資でき、対象の利益・分配金が非課税です。売却枠は原則翌年に再利用できますが、NISAの損失は課税口座の利益と通算できません。iDeCoは掛金を所得控除し、運用益を非課税で繰り延べ、受取時は年金または退職所得として課税します。暗号資産は別で、売却・交換・決済などの処分は原則雑所得となり累進課税で、損失は上場株式の損益通算制度の対象外です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/investment-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:crypto-tax-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-listed-shares","publisher":"国税庁","title":"株式等を譲渡したときの課税（申告分離課税）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-crypto","publisher":"国税庁","title":"暗号資産に関する税務上の取扱いFAQ","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-taxes-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:property-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の不動産にかかる税金","plainText":"購入時は不動産取得税・登録免許税・印紙税、保有中は毎年の固定資産税・都市計画税、賃貸すれば不動産所得、売却は不動産所得ではなく別の譲渡所得になります。\n購入・保有・賃貸・売却の各段階でかかる税金。\n購入：不動産取得税・登録免許税・印紙税、建物部分の消費税。\n保有：毎年の固定資産税・都市計画税。市区町村が評価・課税します。\n賃貸：家賃・返還不要の敷金・更新料は収入。利息と減価償却は経費、元本は不可。\n売却：保有期間で区分される別の譲渡所得。土地と建物で扱いが異なります。\n購入と保有\n不動産の取得では、不動産取得税（都道府県）、所有権移転や抵当権設定の登録免許税、紙の契約書の印紙税、課税対象となる建物部分の消費税（土地は扱いが異なる）がかかり得ます。登録免許税は評価額に法定税率を乗じます（例：土地の売買による移転は原則2%、期日により要確認の臨時軽減あり）。取得後は、1月1日の所有者と評価額に基づき、市区町村が固定資産税・都市計画税を毎年課します。\n賃貸と売却\n不動産所得には家賃・返還不要の敷金・更新料・入居者からの精算金が含まれます。経費は固定資産税・保険・減価償却・修繕・賃貸に対応するローン利息などですが、元本返済は経費にできず、資本的支出は経費ではなく減価償却します。売却は不動産所得ではなく、短期・長期の保有区分がある別の譲渡所得です。土地は減価償却しないため土地と建物を分ける必要があり、購入契約・土地建物の按分・減価償却の履歴を保管します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/property-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:rent-vs-buy-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"国税庁","title":"不動産収入を受け取ったとき（不動産所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"新宿区","title":"個人住民税","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者の日本の税金","plainText":"在留資格ではなく税務上の居住者区分が課税範囲を決めます。非居住者は日本源泉、非永住者は日本で支払われた・送金された国外所得も、永住者は全世界所得に課税され、租税条約と外国税額控除が二重課税を緩和します。\n居住者区分、全世界所得と日本源泉所得、送金、外国税額控除、来日と出国。\n税務上の居住者区分は在留資格と別。住所があれば初日から居住者になり得ます。\n「183日」は日本の万能な居住判定ではありません。住所と1年以上の居所が国内法の基準です。\n非永住者（過去10年で5年以下）は日本源泉だけでなく送金した国外所得も課税対象です。\n日本で行った労働は、外国雇用主が海外口座に支払っても日本源泉です。\n居住者区分と課税範囲\n所得税では、非居住者・非永住者・永住者に区分され、これは在留資格の「永住」とは別の税務概念です。非居住者は日本源泉所得のみ、非永住者（過去10年で日本に住所・居所を有した期間が5年以下の外国籍者）は日本で支払われた・送金された国外所得も、その他の居住者は全世界所得に課税されます。住所は職業・家族・住居・資産などから見た生活の本拠であり日数ではないため、「183日」を基準にしないでください。\n送金・控除・移動\n国外所得を日本の口座に送金すると、源泉・充当のルールにより非永住者に課税が生じ得ます。海外に置いたお金だけが安全とは限りません。日本の居住者は、対象の外国所得税について外国税額控除を、日本側の限度額の範囲で、国・所得区分・納付の資料をそろえて申請できます。来日時は到着日・資産の取得価額・株式報酬の記録・送金記録を保管し、出国時は出国年分の申告と住民税を精算し、出国後に申告・還付・通知が生じるなら納税管理人を選任します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status","faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-residency-explained","guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-tax-agent","publisher":"国税庁","title":"出国する納税者の納税管理人","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/12004.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund:ja","entityId":"guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"還付申告をすべきとき","plainText":"多額の医療費、年末調整を受けずに退職、住宅ローン控除初年度、寄付、投資損失、外国税の納付などがあれば還付申告を。請求期限は5年です。\n医療費・年末調整漏れ・住宅ローン初年度・寄付・投資損失・外国税。\n還付申告は任意で、申告義務がなくても提出できます。\n1月1日から提出でき、請求期限は5年です。\n主な事由：医療費控除・年途中の退職・住宅ローン初年度・寄付・株式損失・外国税。\n一度申告すると、その申告に必要な所得はすべて整合的に申告する必要があります。\n還付が生じる場面\n源泉徴収は前払いのため、最終税額より多く前払いした年はその差額を取り戻せます。代表例は、しきい値を超える医療費、年末前の退職で年末調整を受けていない場合、住宅ローン控除の初年度（申告必須）、処理し切れなかった寄付、配当と通算する上場株式の損失、日本でも課税される所得への外国税です。\n請求方法\n源泉徴収票と控除の証拠書類をそろえ、e-Taxまたは書面で申告します。5年間有効なので、過年度の控除漏れも取り戻せます。還付申告が任意なのは、他に申告義務がない場合に限られます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-refund-return","publisher":"国税庁","title":"還付申告","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2030.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"確定申告のやり方","plainText":"証明書と記録を集め、すべての収入を所得区分に分類し、所得を計算して控除・税額控除を適用し、おおむね2月16日〜3月15日にe-Taxまたは税務署で提出します。納付は別途手配します。\n書類・区分から提出・納付・保管までの一連の流れ。\nまず所得を区分。区分が経費・損失・計算方法を決めます。\n銀行・カード・プラットフォーム・証券の記録と突合します。\n控除・税額控除・源泉徴収・予定納税を入力します。\ne-Tax（マイナンバーカード）か税務署で提出。提出＝納付ではありません。\n流れ\n源泉徴収票・支払調書・売上と経費の帳簿・証券や年金の明細・寄付や保険の証明書・医療費データ・繰越の資料を集めます。すべての収入を区分し、記録と突合し、事業・不動産・譲渡・年金・雑所得を計算し、損益通算と繰越を適用し、所得控除・税額控除・源泉徴収・外国税・予定納税を入力します。\n提出と納付\n国税庁の確定申告書等作成コーナーは、マイナンバーカードでe-Tax送信まで行え、マイナポータル連携で給与・年金・医療費・寄付・保険・住宅ローンの対応データを取り込めます。提出前に住民税・事業税の設問を確認し、受信通知を保管し、納付は別途手配します。提出だけでは納税は完了しません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:how-to-use-e-tax","guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","guide:japan-tax-return-deadlines"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-etax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"e-Tax 国税電子申告・納税システム","url":"https://www.e-tax.nta.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-tax-return-deadlines:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-tax-return-deadlines","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"確定申告の期限","plainText":"前年分は、所得税が2月16日〜3月15日頃、贈与税が2月1日〜3月15日、個人の消費税が3月31日期限。予定納税は7月と11月、還付は1月1日から5年間です。\n所得税・贈与税・消費税・予定納税・還付請求の時期。\n所得税の申告・納付：2月16日〜3月15日頃。\n贈与税の申告：2月1日〜3月15日頃。\n個人事業者の消費税：3月31日頃。\n予定納税：7月31日・11月30日。還付請求：5年。\n想定スケジュール\n暦年に稼いだ所得について、通常の所得税申告は翌年2月16日〜3月15日頃で、納付期限は3月15日。その年に受けた贈与の贈与税は2月1日〜3月15日頃に申告。個人事業者の消費税の申告・納付は原則3月31日。予定納税の対象者は、7月31日と11月30日が各期の期限です。\n注意点\n還付請求は通常期間の前から開始でき、5年間有効です。振替納税の引落日は毎年別途公表され、期限が土日祝の場合は翌営業日にずれます。当年の日付は国税庁の確定申告特集で必ず確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-tax-return-deadlines","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-calendar","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan","guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-consumption-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"納税義務の免除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-tax-calendar:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-tax-calendar","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"税金の年間カレンダー","plainText":"税年度は1〜12月。源泉徴収と月次記帳は通年、住民税は6月〜翌5月、予定納税は7月・11月、書類は1月に届き、申告は2〜3月です。\n会社員・フリーランス・大家・投資家の月別の義務。\n1月1日：税年度開始。1月1日時点の居住地が住民税に影響。\n6月〜：前年所得に基づく住民税の徴収開始。\n7月31日・11月30日：予定納税の各期。\n1月：各種証明書が到着。2月16日〜3月15日：確定申告。\n一年の流れ\n1月に所得税の年度が始まり、1月1日の市区町村が住民税を課します。通年で給与明細・請求書・口座データ・証券取引・暗号資産の処分・控除対象経費を突合します。6月からその年の住民税が前年分に基づき（翌5月まで）徴収されます。会社は10〜12月に年末調整書類を集め、12月31日で多くの扶養・控除判定が確定します。\n申告シーズン\n1月に源泉徴収票・年間取引報告書・年金の源泉徴収票・寄付や保険の証明書を入手します。贈与税は2月1日〜3月15日、所得税は2月16日〜3月15日、個人の消費税は3月31日まで。対象者は予定納税を7月31日・11月30日に納付します。還付は前倒しででき、5年間有効です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-tax-calendar","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-return-deadlines","guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"新宿区","title":"個人住民税","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-use-e-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-use-e-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"e-Taxの使い方","plainText":"e-Taxは無料の国税電子申告システムです。マイナンバーカードで認証し（2025年10月以降、新規はこれが標準）、作成コーナーで申告書を作り、送信して受信通知を保存します。納付は別手配です。\nアカウント設定・マイナンバー認証・申告・受信記録・よくあるエラー。\ne-Taxは無料で、国税の申告書作成と送信ができます。\n2025年10月以降、新規の標準認証はマイナンバーカードです。\nマイナポータル連携で給与・年金・医療費・寄付・保険・住宅ローンを自動入力できます。\n受信通知を保存。提出と納付は別です。\n設定と認証\ne-Taxのアカウントを作成し認証します。2025年10月1日にID・パスワード方式の新規発行が終了したため、新規はスマホまたはICカードリーダーでマイナンバーカードを使って認証します。カードで本人確認が済み、書面なしで送信できます。既存のID・パスワード利用者は経過措置で継続できます。\n申告と記録\n作成コーナーで申告書を作り、可能ならマイナポータル連携で対応証明書を取り込み、送信します。受信通知を提出の証拠として保管します。よくあるつまずきは、カードリーダー/アプリの不具合、証明書の有効期限切れ、そして提出と納付の混同です。送信後に納付方法を選びます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/how-to-use-e-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-etax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"e-Tax 国税電子申告・納税システム","url":"https://www.e-tax.nta.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-mynaportal","publisher":"国税庁","title":"マイナポータル連携（確定申告の自動入力）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/shinkoku/mynaportal/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"確定申告に必要な書類","plainText":"必要書類は状況次第です。給与は源泉徴収票、事業は帳簿と領収書、不動産は賃貸借契約とローン明細、証券は年間取引報告書、暗号資産は取引データ、控除ごとに各証明書が必要です。\n給与・事業・不動産・投資・国外所得・控除ごとの必要書類一覧。\n給与：すべての源泉徴収票と会社の精算書。\n事業・不動産：売上と経費の帳簿・請求書・ローン明細・固定資産一覧。\n投資：年間取引報告書・配当明細・暗号資産の取引データ。\n控除：保険・年金・医療費・寄付・扶養の各書類。\n所得別\n給与は（前職を含む）すべての源泉徴収票と精算記録。事業は売上帳・請求書・銀行/カードデータ・領収書・固定資産一覧。不動産は賃貸借契約・家賃台帳・土地建物の按分・ローン明細・課税通知。証券は年間取引報告書と配当明細（海外はCSV）、暗号資産は全取引データ・ウォレットアドレス・取得原価レポートが必要です。\n控除別\n控除ごとに証拠が異なります。保険・年金の証明書、領収書を保管した医療費明細、寄付の証明書、扶養の続柄書類（国外扶養は送金記録）、住宅ローン控除はローン残高証明・登記・契約・省エネ証明。贈与や相続は、贈与者/被相続人の情報・評価・家系図・過去の贈与記録を保管します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","guide:how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"税金の納め方","plainText":"申告と納付は別の手続きです。国税は振替納税・ネットバンキング・クレジットカード・コンビニ・スマホアプリ・e-Taxダイレクト納付・金融機関窓口で納付でき、納付の証明を保管します。\n銀行振込・振替納税・オンライン・カード・納付の証明。\n提出＝納付ではありません。期限までに別途納付が必要です。\n振替納税は、公表される後日の期日に自動引落しされます。\nネットバンキング・カード・コンビニ・アプリ納付などが選べます。\n納付の証明を保管。カード納付は手数料がかかります。\n納付方法\n国税は、振替納税（別途公表の期日に口座から自動引落し）、ネットバンキングやe-Taxのダイレクト納付、クレジットカード（手数料あり）、コンビニ（QR/バーコード、上限あり）、スマホアプリ納付、金融機関や税務署の窓口での現金納付が使えます。振替納税は引落日が申告期限より後になり便利です。\n証明と時期\nいずれの方法でも、領収書・口座記録・e-Taxの納付区分などの証拠を保管します。延滞税は期限の翌日から発生するため、早く申告しても納付は期限までに行います。どうしても払えない場合は、放置せず税務署に納税の猶予を早めに相談してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes","guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-payment-methods","publisher":"国税庁","title":"国税の納付手続","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/nozei/nofu.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"予定納税","plainText":"前年の申告で基準額が一定以上だと国税庁から通知が来て、7月31日・11月30日の2回、各回おおむね基準額の3分の1を前払いし、翌年の申告で精算します。所得が下がれば減額申請ができます。\n通知が来る人、7月・11月の納付、計算基礎、減額申請。\n前年の予定納税基準額が一定以上だと発生します。\n2回払い：7月31日・11月30日、各回おおむね基準額の3分の1。\n前払いで、翌年の確定申告で精算します。\n当年の所得が大きく下がる場合は減額申請ができます。\n対象者と金額\n前年の申告で予定納税基準額が一定額を超えると税務署から通知が来て、7月と11月に前払いします。各回はおおむね基準額の3分の1です。これは追加の税ではなく翌年の所得税の前払いで、2回分と源泉徴収は申告時に充当されます。\n減額申請\n当年の所得が大きく下がる見込み（廃業・休業・主要取引先の喪失など）なら、減額申請で前払いを減らし、払い過ぎて還付を待つ事態を避けられます。見積り資料を添えて公表期限までに申請します。最終精算は確定申告で行います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/estimated-tax-payments-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan","guide:japan-tax-calendar"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-estimated-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"予定納税","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2039.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"税務書類の保存期間","plainText":"青色申告の帳簿と多くの事業書類は原則7年（一部5年）、白色申告も5年・7年の義務があり、消費税の請求書等は7年、申告した医療費控除の領収書は5年保存します。\n会社員・青色/白色申告・電子記録・領収書・請求書の保存期間。\n青色申告：帳簿・主要書類は原則7年（一部5年）。\n白色申告：5年・7年の保存義務があります。\n消費税の請求書・帳簿：7年。\n申告した医療費控除の領収書：5年。\n保存期間\n青色申告の個人事業者は、仕訳帳・元帳・多くの証憑を原則7年、一部（一定の領収書等）は5年保存します。白色申告も5年・7年の義務があります。消費税の記録（帳簿と仕入税額控除に必要な請求書等）は原則7年。会社員は源泉徴収票を、申告した医療費控除は領収書を5年保存します。\n電子記録\n電子帳簿保存法の下では、電子的に受け取った請求書等は原則として電子で保存する必要があり、印刷して原本を破棄することはできません。保存期間は申告期限から起算し、税務調査・還付・損失繰越の各期間に及ぶため、検索可能で一貫した保存体制を保ちましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","guide:consumption-tax-freelancers-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-bookkeeping","publisher":"国税庁","title":"帳簿書類の保存","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2080.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mistake-on-your-tax-return:ja","entityId":"guide:mistake-on-your-tax-return","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"確定申告を間違えたとき","plainText":"過少なら修正申告、過大なら更正の請求（原則5年以内）を行います。税務調査の通知前に自主的に訂正すれば、通常の過少申告加算税は課されません。\n修正申告・更正の請求・添付資料・期限。\n過少 → 修正申告。\n過大 → 更正の請求（原則5年以内）。\n調査通知前の自主訂正なら過少申告加算税は回避（延滞税は残り得る）。\n住民税通知の誤りは税務署ではなく市区町村で訂正。\n誤りの訂正\n過少なら修正申告して差額を納付し、過大なら更正の請求で払い過ぎを取り戻します（原則、当初期限から5年以内）。変更を裏づける資料を添付します。誤りが支払者の源泉徴収票にある場合は、申告を直す前に支払者へ訂正を依頼します。\n加算税と時期\n税務署から接触される前の自主的な訂正なら、通常は過少申告加算税を回避できますが、未納期間の延滞税は残り得ます。早く直すほど負担は小さくなります。住民税通知の誤りは市区町村へ。税務署は住民税の賦課を訂正できません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/mistake-on-your-tax-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan","guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-amended-return","publisher":"国税庁","title":"確定申告を間違えたとき（修正申告・更正の請求）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/shinkokusho/kakutei.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-refund-return","publisher":"国税庁","title":"還付申告","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2030.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"期限後申告","plainText":"期限後でも期限後申告として提出できます。税務署の接触前に自主申告すれば無申告加算税は軽減されますが、延滞税は期限翌日から発生するため、できるだけ早く申告・納付します。\n期限後申告の手続き・加算税・自主申告・納付の手配。\n期限後申告で提出可能。申告自体を放置しないこと。\n接触前の自主申告で無申告加算税は軽減。\n延滞税は期限翌日から発生。\n払えない場合は、申告せず放置せず納税の猶予を相談。\n期限後の申告\n手続きは同じ申告書を期限後に提出するだけです。重要なのは自主的に申告することです。税務署の接触前に自ら申告すれば、無申告加算税は先に指摘された場合より軽くなるのが原則です。複数年をまとめて申告でき、記録が不十分だったり申告漏れがある場合は税理士が支援できます。\n納付と加算税\n延滞税は当初期限の翌日から発生するため、申告したらすぐ納付します。無申告・過少申告の加算税、仮装隠蔽の重加算税は、態様・時期・開示状況で決まります。全額払えない場合は納税の猶予（要件を満たせば通常最長1年）を相談してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/late-tax-returns-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:mistake-on-your-tax-return","guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-penalties","publisher":"国税庁","title":"確定申告を忘れたとき（無申告加算税・延滞税）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2024.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"加算税と延滞税","plainText":"日本は過少申告・無申告・不納付に加算税を、仮装隠蔽に重加算税を、遅延に延滞税（2026年は当初約2.8%、その後約9.1%）を課します。税務署の接触前の自主訂正で加算税は軽減・免除されるのが原則です。\n過少申告・無申告・不納付・重加算税・延滞税。\n過少申告・無申告・不納付にそれぞれ加算税があります。\n仮装・隠蔽には重い重加算税が課されます。\n2026年の延滞税：当初約2.8%、その後約9.1%。\n接触前の自主訂正で加算税は軽減・免除されるのが原則。\n加算税の種類\n過少申告加算税は修正申告で税額が増えた場合、無申告加算税は期限までに申告がない場合、不納付加算税は一定の源泉徴収の不履行に、重加算税は事実の仮装・隠蔽があった場合に課されます。割合は金額と、税務署の接触前か後かの開示状況で決まります。\n延滞税\n加算税とは別に、延滞税は未納の税に期限翌日から発生します。法定の算式により2026年はおおむね当初2.8%、その後9.1%で、未納が長引くほど負担が増えます。自主訂正は加算税を軽減しても延滞税は必ずしも減らないため、申告と納付の両方を速やかに。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan","guide:mistake-on-your-tax-return","guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-penalties","publisher":"国税庁","title":"確定申告を忘れたとき（無申告加算税・延滞税）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2024.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-delinquent-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"延滞税の計算方法（割合）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/nozei/entaizei/keisan/entai.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes:ja","entityId":"guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"税金が払えないとき","plainText":"放置せず、速やかに税務署に相談し納税の猶予を申請します。要件を満たせば原則1年まで、分割や延滞税の軽減・免除が認められ得ます。放置すると財産の滞納処分のおそれがあります。\n税務署への相談・納税の猶予・必要書類・分割・滞納処分の回避。\n滞納処分になる前に税務署へ相談を。\n納税の猶予は分割で最長1年まで認められ得ます。\n猶予で延滞税の一部が軽減・免除されることも。\n全額払えなくても、期限内の申告は原則必要です。\n猶予の申請\n全額納付で事業や生活の維持が困難なら、納税の猶予を申請します。資力を示す資料を添えれば、原則最長1年の猶予が認められ、分割納付や、要件を満たせば延滞税の軽減・免除が可能です。要は、債務が膨らむ前に早めに相談することです。\n滞納処分の回避\n未対応の税債務は督促、最終的には預金や売掛金などの差押えに至り得ます。（払えなくても）期限内に申告し、納付について相談を始めることが有効です。金額が大きい、または状況が複雑な場合は、税理士が申請の作成や条件交渉を支援できます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-grace","publisher":"国税庁","title":"納税が困難な場合の猶予制度","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/nozei/nofu_konnan.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices:ja","entityId":"guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"税の通知の読み方","plainText":"税の郵便物は2つの機関から届きます。税務署（所得税・予定納税通知・更正・督促）と市区町村（住民税）です。対応前にどの税・どの窓口かを見極め、督促は決して放置しないこと。\n国税の通知・住民税の通知・予定納税通知・更正・督促。\n税務署：所得税・予定納税・更正・督促の通知。\n市区町村：住民税の課税・納付通知。\n更正の通知は税額を変更するもの。理由を確認。\n督促は滞納処分前の重要な段階。必ず対応を。\n通知の種類\n税務署からは、予定納税の通知（7月・11月の前払い）、税額を変更する更正の通知、督促状などが届きます。市区町村からは住民税の課税決定と納付書が届きます。いずれも金額・理由や根拠・期限が書かれています。対応前に3点を必ず確認しましょう。\n正しい対応\n通知を正しい窓口に対応させます。住民税の誤りは市区町村、国税は税務署で、取り違えないこと。更正に不服があれば、期限のある不服申立ての手続きがあります。通知が資料提出の求めや調査の通知なら、記録を整え、対応前に専門家の関与を検討します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/understanding-japanese-tax-notices","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","guide:national-vs-municipal-tax-problems","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"新宿区","title":"個人住民税","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"個人の税務調査ガイド","plainText":"税務調査は通常、所得と経費を帳簿で確認する手続きです。帳簿と証拠を整理して備え、税理士に代理を依頼でき、よくある誤りは、推測で答える・記録を隠す・分からないことまで答えることです。\n調査の契機・資料の求め・準備・代理・よくある誤り。\n調査は異常値（大きな控除・現金商売・不整合な記録）が契機になりがち。\n帳簿・請求書・証拠の提示を求められます。事前に整理を。\n税理士に代理を依頼できます。\n推測や隠蔽は避け、正確に答え、裏づけ資料を示す。\n準備\n調査の通知を受けたら、帳簿・請求書・契約・銀行やカードの記録、大きい/異例の控除の裏づけ資料を集めます。調査官は、申告した所得と経費が記録と実態に合うかを確認します。事前に不足資料を再構成し勘定を突合しておくと、摩擦や想定外を減らせます。\n調査中・調査後\n税理士を代理人として立ち会わせることができます。質問には正確に答え、求められた記録を提示し、推測や隠蔽は避けます（仮装には重加算税）。調査官の是正案に不服があれば不服申立ての手続きがあります。定型を超える事案では、専門家の代理が有効です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices","guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-audit","publisher":"国税庁","title":"税務調査・行政指導","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/tetsuzuki/chosa_shido/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:national-vs-municipal-tax-problems:ja","entityId":"guide:national-vs-municipal-tax-problems","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"国税の問題と地方税の問題","plainText":"所得税・消費税・贈与税・相続税は国税で税務署の管轄、住民税・個人事業税・固定資産税/都市計画税・不動産取得税は地方税で市区町村または都道府県の管轄です。\n所得税・住民税・固定資産税・事業税・通知の誤りは、どの窓口か。\n国税（税務署）：所得税・消費税・贈与税・相続税。\n市区町村：住民税・固定資産税/都市計画税。\n都道府県：個人事業税・不動産取得税・自動車税。\n住民税の誤りは税務署ではなく市区町村で訂正。\n管轄の対応\n税務署は所得税・消費税・贈与税・相続税を、そして市区町村は住民税と固定資産税/都市計画税を、都道府県は個人事業税・不動産取得税・自動車税を扱います。住民税は国税のデータを基に計算されるため、所得税の変更が住民税に波及しますが、住民税の通知自体は地方で訂正します。\n問題の振り分け\n連絡前に通知の税目を特定し、対応する窓口へ振り分けます。国税の更正は税務署、住民税の賦課誤りは市区町村、事業税・取得税は都道府県です。窓口を間違えると時間を無駄にし、短い不服申立て期限を逃すおそれがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/national-vs-municipal-tax-problems","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"新宿区","title":"個人住民税","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:employee-taxes-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:employee-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"会社員の税金","plainText":"会社員は給与ごとに所得税と社会保険が天引きされ、年末調整で精算されます。住民税は翌年に課税され、副収入・医療費・住宅ローン初年度・年途中退職などの場合のみ確定申告します。\n給与天引き・年末調整・住民税・控除・還付・申告が必要な場合。\n所得税と社会保険は毎月の給与から天引きされます。\n年末調整で多くの会社員の所得税が精算されます。\n住民税（約10%）は翌年に請求されます。\n副収入・医療費・住宅ローン初年度・年途中退職は確定申告を。\n給与から引かれるもの\n各給与から、健康保険・厚生年金・雇用保険・（該当時）介護保険、所得税の源泉徴収、そして（前年の課税がある場合）住民税が差し引かれます。課税給与と社会保険の標準報酬は一致しないため、金額は必ずしも一致しません。\n会社員でも申告する場合\n年末調整は会社が支払った給与を対象にしますが、20万円超の副収入、年末調整されない2社目、不動産や投資の所得、医療費控除、ワンストップを超える寄付、住宅ローン控除初年度は対象外です。これらは源泉徴収票を起点に確定申告します。年末前の退職は通常、還付申告になります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/employee-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file","faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","guide:year-end-adjustment-guide","guide:taxes-on-employee-side-income"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-withholding","publisher":"国税庁","title":"源泉徴収が必要な報酬・料金","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-year-end-adjustment","publisher":"国税庁","title":"年末調整がよくわかるページ","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/users/gensen/nencho/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"新宿区","title":"個人住民税","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"給与明細の読み方","plainText":"給与明細は3部構成です。支給（基本給・手当・残業・賞与）、控除（健康保険・年金・雇用保険・所得税と住民税の天引き）、そして差引支給額（手取り）。課税ベースと社会保険ベースは異なります。\n基本給・手当・残業・課税給付・社会保険・所得税・住民税・手取り。\n支給：基本給・各種手当・残業・通勤費・賞与。\n控除：健康保険・厚生年金・雇用保険・所得税・住民税。\n通勤費は一定額まで非課税のことが多い。\n課税ベースと社会保険ベースは計算が異なります。\n3つのブロック\n支給には基本給・手当・残業・課税給付・通勤費・賞与が並びます。控除には健康保険・厚生年金・雇用保険・（該当時）介護保険・所得税の源泉徴収・住民税が並びます。差引支給額が口座に入る手取りです。通勤費は支給に載っても一定額まで非課税のことが多いです。\nベースが異なる理由\n所得税の源泉徴収は課税給与と扶養の申告に基づき、厚生年金の保険料は基本給・残業・通勤や住宅の手当を含み得る標準報酬に基づきます。ベースが違うため、一方の控除の変化が他方に比例して動くわけではありません。住民税は前年の課税がある場合のみ現れ、これが2年目の6月に始まる理由です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","guide:employee-taxes-in-japan","guide:why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-withholding","publisher":"国税庁","title":"源泉徴収が必要な報酬・料金","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"源泉徴収票の読み方","plainText":"源泉徴収票は1年の要約です。支払金額は額面、給与所得控除後の金額は給与所得控除後の所得、所得控除の額の合計額は控除合計、源泉徴収税額は天引き税額で、これらを申告に転記します。\n源泉徴収票の主要項目・数字の関係・申告での使い方。\n支払金額＝その年の給与支払総額。\n給与所得控除後の金額＝給与所得控除後の所得。\n所得控除の額の合計額＝給与計算で適用された控除合計。\n源泉徴収税額＝源泉徴収された所得税＋復興特別所得税。\n主要項目\n上から順に、支払金額（額面）、給与所得控除後の金額（給与所得控除後の所得）、所得控除の額の合計額（反映された控除合計）、源泉徴収税額（天引き税額）、社会保険料等の金額、控除対象扶養親族等、住宅借入金等特別控除の額（給与で使った住宅ローン控除）、摘要（備考・前職情報・特別区分）です。\n使い方\n副収入・医療費・還付などで申告する際、給与の金額と源泉徴収額はこの票から転記でき、再計算は不要です。転職した場合は前職の源泉徴収票を新しい会社に渡すと年末調整で合算でき、されなかった場合は両方の票を使って確定申告します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","guide:taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-withholding","publisher":"国税庁","title":"源泉徴収が必要な報酬・料金","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:year-end-adjustment-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:year-end-adjustment-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"年末調整ガイド","plainText":"年末調整は、会社が基礎・配偶者・扶養・社会保険料・保険料の各控除（2年目以降は住宅ローン控除）を適用して所得税を精算する手続きです。申告書と保険料証明書を期限までに提出します。\n必要書類・対象控除・会社の流れ・対象範囲・よくある誤り。\n申告書と保険料・iDeCoの証明書を提出します。\n主要控除を適用しますが、医療費・寄付・住宅ローン初年度は対象外。\n2年目以降は住宅ローン控除を給与で処理できます。\n前職の源泉徴収票があれば合算調整ができます。\n書類と控除\n基礎・配偶者・扶養の申告書、証明書付きの保険料控除申告書、（2年目以降は）住宅ローン控除の書類を提出します。会社は基礎・配偶者/配偶者特別・扶養・社会保険料・生命/地震保険料の各控除を適用し、源泉徴収票を作成します。小規模企業共済やiDeCoの掛金も証明書があれば含められます。\n対象外\n年末調整は、医療費控除、ワンストップを超える寄付、住宅ローン控除初年度、給与以外の所得を扱えません。これらは確定申告が必要です。よくある誤りは、提出期限の徒過、保険料証明書の失念、そして対象外の副業まで調整されると思い込むことです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/year-end-adjustment-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:employee-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-year-end-adjustment","publisher":"国税庁","title":"年末調整がよくわかるページ","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/users/gensen/nencho/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"転職したときの税金","plainText":"前職の源泉徴収票を新しい会社に渡すと、両方の給与を合算して年末調整できます。空白期間・年末調整されない2社目・票の不足があれば、確定申告で精算します。\n前職の源泉徴収票・合算調整・空白期間・確定申告。\n前職の源泉徴収票は速やかに新しい会社へ。\n合算の年末調整で両方の給与が精算されます。\n空白期間は社会保険と源泉徴収に影響し得ます。\n合算調整がなければ両方の票で確定申告を。\n給与の合算\n年内に転職した場合、新しい会社は両方の給与について年末調整できますが、前職の源泉徴収票を提出した場合に限られます。その票に前職の給与と源泉徴収額が載っており、合算計算が正しくなります。届かなければ前職に発行を依頼します。\n空白と申告\n転職の空白期間は健康保険・年金の加入に影響し（その間、国民健康保険・国民年金を払っていることがある）、これらの保険料は控除対象です。新しい会社が票を合算できなかった、または他に所得があった場合は、両方の票で確定申告します。年末前に完全に離職した場合は通常、還付申告になります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job","guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","guide:year-end-adjustment-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-year-end-adjustment","publisher":"国税庁","title":"年末調整がよくわかるページ","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/users/gensen/nencho/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-withholding","publisher":"国税庁","title":"源泉徴収が必要な報酬・料金","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"退職後の税金","plainText":"年末前の退職は会社が税を精算しないため、還付申告をします。一方で住民税は前年所得に基づき続き、法定の失業給付は原則非課税、健康保険と年金の切替が必要です。\n年末調整なし・還付申告・住民税・失業給付・保険の切替。\n年末調整なし → 還付申告を。\n住民税は失業に関係なく前年所得で続きます。\n法定の失業給付（求職者給付）は原則非課税。\n国民健康保険・国民年金へ切替（いずれも控除対象）。\n還付申告\n会社は1年分の給与を前提に源泉徴収するため、年途中の退職では源泉徴収が過大になりがちです。源泉徴収票で還付申告し、退職後に払った医療費控除・寄付・社会保険料も加えられます。請求期限は5年ですが、早く申告するほど早く戻ります。\n住民税と保険\n住民税は前年所得に基づくため、失業中でも届き続けます。備えておきましょう。法定の求職者給付は原則非課税で配偶者判定でも給与のようには扱われませんが、私的な所得補償は異なり得ます。退職後は国民健康保険・国民年金（または扶養/任意継続）に加入し、控除対象となる保険料の領収書を保管します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-after-leaving-a-job","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","guide:severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-refund-return","publisher":"国税庁","title":"還付申告","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2030.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"新宿区","title":"個人住民税","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-employee-side-income:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-employee-side-income","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"会社員の副収入の税金","plainText":"給与所得者は、経費控除後の副収入が20万円を超えると原則申告します。20万円以下では国の申告は不要でも住民税申告は通常必要で、正しい所得区分が経費と損失を左右します。\n副業・クリエイター/プラットフォーム収入・経費・20万円ルール・住民税申告。\n判定は売上ではなく経費控除後の所得。\n20万円超は国の申告、以下は通常、住民税申告。\n区分（事業か雑か）で経費・損失のルールが決まる。\nプラットフォーム収入は出金時ではなく稼得時に課税。\n20万円の判定\n副収入から直接関係する経費を引き、20万円を超えれば国の申告をします。例：アフィリエイト30万円−プラットフォーム/広告費8万円＝22万円で基準超過。20万円以下でも、自治体は通常その所得の住民税申告を求めます。\n区分と勤務先\n副業が事業か雑かは、継続性・規模・帳簿で決まり、損失が給与と通算できるか（事業）否か（雑）を左右します。副業が勤務先に知られる懸念については、住民税の徴収方法の選択は自治体次第で秘匿は保証されません。成長し組織化した副業は、事業所得として意図的に扱う方が適切です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-on-employee-side-income","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule","guide:side-business-tax-japan","guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-employee-filing","publisher":"国税庁","title":"給与所得者で確定申告が必要な人","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1900.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-income-vs-misc","publisher":"国税庁","title":"事業所得の課税のしくみ（事業所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1350.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本から外国雇用主のためにリモートワーク","plainText":"日本に住み、外国雇用主のために日本で働く場合、その給与は原則日本源泉で、日本の源泉徴収がなくても日本で課税されます。申告・納付が必要になりやすく、恒久的施設・社会保障・条約の論点も生じ得ます。\n日本源泉の給与・源泉徴収の欠落・想定税額・恒久的施設と条約の論点。\n日本で行った労働は、海外口座に支払われても日本源泉。\n日本の源泉徴収がなくても給与は非課税になりません。\n申告が必要になりやすく、予定納税が生じることも。\n恒久的施設・社会保障・条約の論点があり得ます。専門家へ。\n日本で課税される理由\n日本は労働を行った場所で給与所得を課税します。日本から働く居住者なら、外国雇用主からの給与は、雇用主が日本の給与計算をせず海外口座に支払っても、日本源泉で日本で課税されます。日本の源泉徴収がないため、原則として確定申告・納付が必要で、予定納税の対象になることもあります。\nより大きなリスク\n自分の所得税に加え、あなたの就労が雇用主に恒久的施設の論点を生じさせ得ます。社会保障（どちらの国の制度か）は社会保障協定で定まることがあります。条約は源泉地国の課税権を変え得ます。これらは事実次第の国際論点です。初回申告前に税理士で立場を確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status","faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained","guide:taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"国税庁","title":"居住者・非居住者の区分と課税所得の範囲","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"退職金の税金","plainText":"適格な退職金は優遇されます。退職所得控除（勤続1年40万円、20年超は増額）を引き、その1/2に課税します。ただし退職所得の受給に関する申告書を出さないと20.42%が源泉徴収され、精算が必要です。\n退職所得控除・1/2課税・退職所得の受給申告・短期勤続の扱い。\n控除：勤続1年40万円（20年まで最低80万円）。\n20年超：800万円＋1年ごと70万円。\n超過額の1/2のみ課税（原則）。\n受給申告書を出さないと20.42%が源泉徴収。\n計算方法\n退職所得控除は勤続1年40万円、20年以下は最低80万円、20年超は800万円＋1年70万円です。退職金から控除を引き、残りの原則1/2に課税します。勤続25年なら控除は800万円＋70万円×5＝1,150万円。退職金1,500万円なら（1,500万円−1,150万円）×1/2＝175万円が退職所得です。\n申告と例外\n退職所得の受給に関する申告書を支払者に出せば、正しい優遇額が源泉徴収され通常は追加申告不要です。出さないと20.42%が源泉徴収され、精算のため申告が必要です。短期勤続や短期の役員退職金には1/2優遇を縮小・排除する規定があり、複数の退職金は相互に影響します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:retirement-income-tax","guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job","guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-retirement-income","publisher":"国税庁","title":"退職金を受け取ったとき（退職所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1420.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes:ja","entityId":"guide:why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"給与が変わると住民税が遅れて変わる理由","plainText":"住民税は常に前年所得に基づき6月〜翌5月に徴収されるため、昇給や減給は1年遅れて住民税に反映されます。来日者は2年目に大きく請求され、退職者は退職後に請求されることがあります。\n前年課税・6月からの徴収サイクル・転職・一括徴収と普通徴収。\n住民税は所得に約1年遅れます。\n徴収は6月〜翌5月。\n今年の昇給は翌年の住民税を上げます（逆も同様）。\n転職で一括徴収や普通徴収になることがあります。\n1年のずれ\n市区町村は前年所得に住民税を課し、6月〜翌5月に徴収します。今の給与明細の住民税欄は今年ではなく前年を反映します。今年の大幅昇給は翌年の住民税を静かに上げ、減給や失業でもすぐには下がらないため、現在の所得と食い違って感じられます。\n転職と徴収\n転職・退職時は、特別徴収（給与天引き）が残額の一括徴収や、市区町村が直接請求して分割で払う普通徴収に切り替わることがあります。来日者は1年目の負担が小さく2年目に驚きがちで、出国者は前年分の住民税が残ることがあり、出国前に納付を手配すべきです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job","guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist"]},"sources":[{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"新宿区","title":"個人住民税","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-basic-deduction:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-basic-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"基礎控除","plainText":"基礎控除はすべての納税者が受けられる基礎的な控除ですが、額は総所得に応じて変わり高所得でゼロまで逓減します。2025〜2026年改正で区分が変わったため、当年の数値を使ってください。\n当年の控除区分・所得制限・改正の経緯。\nほとんどの納税者が受けられる基礎的控除。\n額は総所得次第で、高所得で逓減。\n2025〜2026年改正で区分変更。古い数値の再利用は不可。\n会社員は通常、年末調整の申告書で申請。\n額と所得制限\n基礎控除はほぼ全員の課税所得から差し引かれますが、高所得者は減額され、法定の上限を超えると消失します。2025年・2026年改正で（給与所得控除や扶養の基準とともに）区分が調整されたため、正しい額は前年のスプレッドシートではなく当年の国税庁資料やソフトから取得してください。\n申請方法\n会社員は年末調整の申告書で、申告者は確定申告で基礎控除を申請します。国税庁の作成コーナーでは所得を入力すれば自動で適用されます。逓減は配偶者・扶養の基準と連動するため、大きな賞与や譲渡益で適用が変わることがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-basic-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-basic-deduction","publisher":"国税庁","title":"基礎控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1199.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction:ja","entityId":"guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"配偶者控除・配偶者特別控除","plainText":"法律婚の配偶者の合計所得が上限内（2025年以降は合計所得58万円、給与約123万円）なら配偶者控除を受けられます。それを超えると配偶者特別控除が逓減し、本人の合計所得が1,000万円を超えると受けられません。\n所得基準・本人の所得制限・法律婚・逓減。\n法律婚かつ生計を一にすることが要件。事実婚は不可。\n2025年以降、配偶者の所得上限は合計所得58万円（給与約123万円）。\nそれを超えると配偶者特別控除が逓減。\n本人の所得が1,000万円超で消失。\n対象者\n配偶者控除は「配偶者がパートかどうか」で決まりません。法律婚と生計を一にすることが要件で、配偶者の合計所得・本人の所得・年末の状況を見ます。2025年以降、配偶者控除を満額受けられる配偶者の所得上限は合計所得58万円で、最低65万円の給与所得控除が効く場合の給与123万円に相当します。\n逓減\n配偶者の所得上限を超えると配偶者特別控除が適用され、配偶者所得の増加とともに逓減します。別に本人の所得も影響し、1,000万円手前から逓減し、合計所得1,000万円超で消失します。青色事業専従者として給与を受ける配偶者は、原則、控除対象配偶者にはなれません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:dependent-deduction-in-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:japan-basic-deduction"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-spouse-deduction","publisher":"国税庁","title":"配偶者控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1191.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-spouse-special","publisher":"国税庁","title":"配偶者特別控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1195.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:dependent-deduction-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:dependent-deduction-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"扶養控除","plainText":"生計を一にし、所得が基準内の親族について扶養控除を受けられます（年末で判定）。特定扶養（19〜22歳）は控除が大きく、国外扶養は続柄と送金の証明が必要です。\n対象親族・年齢・所得・生計・国外扶養。\n対象：生計を一にし所得が基準内の親族。\n年末（12月31日の状況）で判定。\n19〜22歳（特定扶養）は控除が大きい。\n国外扶養は続柄・送金の書類が必要。\n対象者\n扶養親族は、生計を一にし合計所得が基準内の（血族・姻族の）親族で、判定は年末に行います。仕送りで扶養していれば同居は必ずしも不要です。控除額は年齢で変わり、19〜22歳の特定扶養は控除が大きく、老人扶養にも独自の額があります。\n国外扶養\n国外に住む親族の扶養は、続柄を証明する書類（戸籍や出生記録など、翻訳付き）と、実際に扶養している送金の証明が必要です。国内扶養より要件が厳しく否認されやすいため、各非居住者親族への日付入りの明確な送金記録を保管してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/dependent-deduction-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-dependent-deduction","publisher":"国税庁","title":"扶養控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1180.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:medical-expense-deduction:ja","entityId":"guide:medical-expense-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"医療費控除","plainText":"本人や生計を一にする家族のために年内に払った対象医療費から、補填と10万円（総所得200万円未満は5%）を引いた額（上限200万円）を控除できます。確定申告で申請し、領収書は5年保管します。\n対象費用・補填・しきい値・家族分・5年保管。\n式：費用−補填−10万円（総所得200万円未満は5%）。\n上限：控除200万円。\n生計を一にする家族の分も、本人が支払えば対象。\n明細書を提出、領収書は5年保管。年末調整では不可、確定申告が必要。\n仕組み\nその年に払った対象医療費を合計し、それに対応する保険等の補填を引き、しきい値（10万円、総所得200万円未満なら5%）を引きます。結果（上限200万円）が控除額です。例：費用50万円−補填10万円−しきい値10万円＝控除30万円。\n対象と記録\n対象は、本人や生計を一にする家族の治療・処方・一定の通院交通費などですが、実際に支払った額のみ（未払いは対象外）で、美容目的は原則対象外です。医療費控除の明細書を申告に添え、領収書は5年保管します。控除には確定申告が必要で、年末調整では受けられません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/medical-expense-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:self-medication-tax-deduction","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-medical-deduction","publisher":"国税庁","title":"医療費控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1120.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:self-medication-tax-deduction:ja","entityId":"guide:self-medication-tax-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"セルフメディケーション税制","plainText":"セルフメディケーション税制は、健康の維持増進の取組要件を満たす人が、対象の市販薬購入のうち1.2万円を超える分（控除上限8.8万円）を控除できる制度です。ただしその年は医療費控除との選択制です。\n対象製品・しきい値・上限・健康維持要件・医療費控除との比較。\n対象の市販薬（スイッチOTC等）の購入で1.2万円超が対象。\n控除上限は8.8万円。\n健康維持の取組（健診・予防接種等）が要件。\n医療費控除とは併用不可。どちらかを選択。\n仕組み\nその年に健康維持の取組（健診・予防接種など）を行った人は、対象の市販薬購入のうち1.2万円を超える分を、控除上限8.8万円まで控除できます。対象製品には表示があり、領収書で確認できます。引用の規定により2026年まで利用可能です。\n選択の判断\n同一年に医療費控除とセルフメディケーション税制は併用できないため比較します。対象医療費が高額なら通常の医療費控除（しきい値10万円）が有利なことが多く、対象市販薬中心で大きな医療費が少なければセルフメディケーション（しきい値1.2万円）が有利なこともあります。申告前に両方を試算しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/self-medication-tax-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:medical-expense-deduction","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-self-medication","publisher":"国税庁","title":"セルフメディケーション税制","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1129.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-medical-deduction","publisher":"国税庁","title":"医療費控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1120.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン控除","plainText":"住宅ローン控除は、要件を満たす自己居住の住宅について、年末ローン残高の一定割合を税額から控除します。初年度は物件・ローン・省エネの書類を添えて確定申告し、2年目以降は会社員なら年末調整で処理できます。\n初年度申告・2年目以降の給与処理・対象住宅・省エネ基準・必要書類。\n所得控除ではなく税額控除（税額を直接減らす）。\n初年度は書類を添えて確定申告が必要。\n2年目以降は年末調整で処理可能。\n省エネ性能・建築時期・床面積・所得・借入限度が影響。\n初年度\n初年度は、住宅ローンの残高証明・登記事項・売買/請負契約、そして新築は省エネ基準の書類を添えて確定申告します。2024〜2025年入居の多くの区分は対象年末残高の0.7%で、限度額と期間は建築時期・省エネ性能・床面積・家族構成・住宅区分で変わります。\n2年目以降と要件\n2年目以降、会社員は証明書を受け取り、年末調整で控除を適用できます。すべての新築が対象ではなく、省エネや建築時期の要件を満たさない住宅は、自己居住でも新築の控除を受けられないことがあります。所得や借入の上限もあるため、入居年の当年ルールを確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:property-taxes-in-japan","guide:mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-mortgage-credit","publisher":"国税庁","title":"住宅借入金等特別控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:insurance-and-pension-premium-deductions:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-and-pension-premium-deductions","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"社会保険料・生命保険料・地震保険料控除","plainText":"本人（や扶養する家族）が払う社会保険料は原則全額控除、生命保険料・地震保険料は区分ごとの法定上限まで控除できます。いずれも保険会社の証明書を使い、年末調整か確定申告で申請します。\n各控除の対象・証明書・法定上限・年末調整と申告。\n社会保険（健康・年金・雇用）：本人負担分は全額控除。\n扶養する家族の分を本人が払えば含められます。\n生命保険：区分（旧/新契約）ごとに上限。\n地震保険：上限あり。保険会社の証明書が必要。\n社会保険料控除\n健康保険・年金・雇用保険・国民年金などで本人が負担した保険料は原則全額控除で、生計を一にする家族の分を本人が払った場合（例：子の国民年金）も含められます。会社員は通常給与で処理されますが、（転職の空白期間などに）自分で払った分は証拠を添えて申告します。\n生命・地震保険\n生命保険料は、旧契約・新契約で扱いが異なり、区分（一般生命・介護医療・個人年金）ごとに法定の算式と上限の下で控除できます。地震保険料は上限まで控除できます。いずれも保険会社の年間証明書で申請し、年末調整で適用できます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/insurance-and-pension-premium-deductions","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:ideco-tax-deduction","guide:year-end-adjustment-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-social-insurance-deduction","publisher":"国税庁","title":"社会保険料控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1130.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-life-insurance-deduction","publisher":"国税庁","title":"生命保険料控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1140.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-earthquake-insurance-deduction","publisher":"国税庁","title":"地震保険料控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1145.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ideco-tax-deduction:ja","entityId":"guide:ideco-tax-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"iDeCoの税制メリット","plainText":"iDeCoの掛金は小規模企業共済等掛金控除として全額所得控除でき、口座内の運用益は非課税で繰り延べられ、受取時は年金または退職所得として課税されます。掛金上限は就労・年金の区分で異なります。\n掛金控除・非課税運用・受取時課税・要件・上限。\n掛金は全額所得控除。\n口座内の運用益は非課税で繰延。\n受取時は年金または退職所得として課税。\n上限は就労・年金区分次第。原則60歳まで引き出せません。\n3つの税メリット\niDeCoには3つの税優遇があります。掛金は今の課税所得を減らし（小規模企業共済等掛金控除で申請）、運用益は口座内では課税されず、受取時は方法により年金所得または退職所得として課税されます。掛金上限は、会社員・公務員・自営業・扶養配偶者のいずれかで異なります。\n受取の設計\niDeCoの一時金受取は退職所得控除を使いますが、会社の退職金や勤続年数と重複し得るため、両方を控除が重複する形で受け取ると認められないことがあり、時期が重要です。原則60歳まで引き出せず受取ルールも複雑なため、頼りにする前に受取を試算しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/ideco-tax-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan","guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-small-business-mutual-aid","publisher":"国税庁","title":"小規模企業共済等掛金控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1135.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:small-business-mutual-aid-tax-deduction:ja","entityId":"guide:small-business-mutual-aid-tax-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"小規模企業共済の控除","plainText":"小規模企業共済は、個人事業主や小規模企業の役員向けの退職金制度で、掛金は全額所得控除、共済金は退職所得や年金として優遇課税されます。自営業者が控除しながら退職資金を作る一般的な方法です。\n対象掛金・税務・個人事業主への適性・受取の留意点。\n個人事業主・小規模企業の経営者/役員向け。\n掛金は全額控除（iDeCoと同じ控除枠）。\n共済金は退職所得や年金として課税。\n適性・掛金の柔軟性・受取条件を確認。\n制度の概要\n中小機構が運営する小規模企業共済は、対象の自営業者や小規模企業の役員が、退職金に向けて月々の掛金を積み立てる制度です。掛金は（iDeCoと共通の）小規模企業共済等掛金控除で全額控除でき、今の税を減らしながら資金を作れます。\n受取と適性\n退職や廃業時の共済金は退職所得や年金として課税され、一般に有利です。控除でき規律的な退職手段を求める個人事業主に向きますが、早期解約や貸付のルールがあるため、条件やiDeCo・将来の退職金との関係を確認してから加入しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/small-business-mutual-aid-tax-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ideco-tax-deduction","guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-small-business-mutual-aid","publisher":"国税庁","title":"小規模企業共済等掛金控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1135.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"smbc-mutual-aid","publisher":"中小機構","title":"小規模企業共済","url":"https://www.smrj.go.jp/kyosai/skyosai/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:furusato-nozei-one-stop-vs-tax-return:ja","entityId":"guide:furusato-nozei-one-stop-vs-tax-return","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ふるさと納税：ワンストップと確定申告","plainText":"確定申告しない人で寄付先が5自治体以下ならワンストップ特例を使えます。ただし何らかの理由で確定申告すると、ワンストップは無効になり、すべてのふるさと納税を申告に含める必要があります。\n要件・5自治体の上限・確定申告での無効化・書類の扱い。\nワンストップ：確定申告しない人で寄付先5自治体以下。\n各自治体に期限までにワンストップ書類を提出。\n（何らかの理由で）確定申告するとワンストップは無効。\n申告する場合は、全寄付を受領書とともに申告に含める。\nどちらの手続きか\nワンストップ特例は、確定申告しない給与所得者で寄付先が5自治体以下の人向けで、各自治体に書類を送ると住民税で控除されます。医療費・副収入・投資損失などで既に確定申告する場合はワンストップを使えず、すべての寄付を申告に記載します。\nよくある落とし穴\nよくある誤りは、ワンストップ書類を出した後に（例えば医療費控除のため）確定申告し、寄付を入れ直さないことです。確定申告するとワンストップの申請は無効になるため、申告で寄付を漏らすと控除を丸ごと失います。申告することになったら、必ずすべてのふるさと納税を受領書付きで含めてください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/furusato-nozei-one-stop-vs-tax-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-furusato"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:furusato-nozei-explained","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-furusato","publisher":"国税庁","title":"ふるさと納税（寄附金控除）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1155.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-donation-deduction","publisher":"国税庁","title":"寄附金控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1150.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:freelancer-taxes-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:freelancer-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスの税金","plainText":"フリーランスは事業所得（収入−必要経費）を申告し、帳簿を付け、青色申告を選べば特別控除や損失繰越が使え、消費税の納税義務は別途判定し、毎年確定申告します。所得税の利益と課税売上は別物です。\n開業・所得区分・経費・記帳・青色申告・消費税・申告。\n事業所得＝収入−必要経費。帳簿を付ける。\n青色申告の選択で特別控除・損失繰越が使える。\n消費税の納税義務は所得税の利益とは別判定。\n毎年確定申告。予定納税の対象になることも。\n開業から申告まで\n開業届の提出前でも事業所得は課税され得ますが、届出を出し、最大の控除を得るには期限までに青色申告を申請します。日付・相手先・勘定・税区分・証憑を記録する帳簿を付け、事業用口座を分け、毎月突合します。所得税は、収入−経費−青色控除の利益に基づきます。\n別々の税のレイヤー\n所得税のほか、住民税（翌年課税）、個人事業税（法定業種）、消費税（利益ではなく課税売上で判定）に注意します。適格請求書発行事業者は売上1,000万円以下でも消費税の納税義務があります。これらすべてに現金を確保しましょう。所得税だけを見込むのはよくある資金繰りの失敗です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/freelancer-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi"],"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-blue","publisher":"国税庁","title":"青色申告制度","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-business-expenses","publisher":"国税庁","title":"必要経費","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-consumption-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"納税義務の免除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:individual-enterprise-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:individual-enterprise-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"個人事業税","plainText":"個人事業税は法定の業種に課される都道府県税で、年約290万円の事業主控除の後、原則3%・4%・5%の税率で課されます。所得税の青色申告特別控除は事業税の計算では控除できません。\n対象業種・事業主控除・税率・地方での賦課。\n法定業種に課される都道府県税。\n事業主控除：年約290万円。\n税率は業種により原則3%・4%・5%。\n青色申告特別控除は事業税を減らしません。\n対象者\n事業税は法定の業種にのみ課され、多くの業種が対象ですが、対象外の活動もあります。事業主控除（原則年290万円）を引いた後に課税されるため、これを下回る小規模事業は納付ゼロです。都道府県が賦課し、通常8月と11月に請求します。所得税の申告データから算定されるため、通常は別途申告しません。\n計算方法\n課税標準は概ね事業税ルールでの事業所得で、重要な点として所得税の青色申告特別控除は加算し戻すため、事業税の課税標準を減らしません。税率は法定業種により原則3%・4%・5%です。業種区分や軽減は都道府県で異なるため、区分は地元で確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/individual-enterprise-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:freelancer-taxes-in-japan","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:home-office-expenses:ja","entityId":"guide:home-office-expenses","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"家事按分（在宅の経費）","plainText":"在宅で働く場合、家賃・光熱費・通信費のうち事業使用分だけを、床面積や使用時間など合理的な基準で按分して経費にできます。「在宅だから」で住居費を100%経費にはできません。\n家賃・光熱費・通信・按分方法・証拠。\n事業使用分のみ経費（家事按分）。\n合理的方法：床面積・専用部屋・使用時間・データ量。\n計算を保存し、状況が変われば更新。\n在宅だからと家賃/光熱費を全額経費にはできない。\n公平な按分\n混合費用は、客観的に事業に使う割合だけ経費にできます。家賃・光熱費は床面積（仕事だけに使う部分の割合）、通信費は使用時間やデータ量が一般的な基準です。どの基準でも、記録して一貫して適用します。専用の作業部屋があると按分を説明しやすくなります。\n証拠とリスク\n床面積の計算、按分方法のメモ、元の請求書を保管します。住居費・光熱費の過大按分は調査でよく是正されるため、保守的で現実的に。引っ越し・部屋の変更・在宅割合の変化があれば計算を更新します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/home-office-expenses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","guide:equipment-and-depreciation","guide:freelancer-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-business-expenses","publisher":"国税庁","title":"必要経費","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:equipment-and-depreciation:ja","entityId":"guide:equipment-and-depreciation","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"設備と減価償却","plainText":"1年を超えて使う設備は原則、耐用年数で減価償却し、一括では経費にできません。ただし少額資産・一括償却・青色申告の少額特例により、小額のものは早く費用化できます。\n資産計上・耐用年数・少額資産・青色の小額特例。\n長期使用資産は資産計上し減価償却（一括経費不可）。\n国税庁が示す一般的な目安は取得価額10万円以上。\n少額資産・一括償却で小額のものは早期費用化。\n青色申告者は少額資産の即時償却の特例あり。\n資産計上の判断\n当年を超えて使う資産（PC・カメラ・什器など）は、原則、法定耐用年数で減価償却します。国税庁の一般的な案内は取得価額10万円以上の減価償却を示しています。取得価額・取得日・耐用年数・償却累計を記録する固定資産台帳を付けましょう。\n早期償却\n早く費用化する制度があります。少額のものは即時経費、一定の中額帯は3年一括償却、青色申告者は年間限度内で少額資産を即時費用化できます。消費税の処理や補助金は償却の基礎を変えるため、その調整も記録します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/equipment-and-depreciation","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-office-expenses","guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","guide:rental-property-depreciation"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-depreciation","publisher":"国税庁","title":"減価償却のあらまし・少額減価償却資産","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-business-expenses","publisher":"国税庁","title":"必要経費","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:paying-family-members-from-a-business:ja","entityId":"guide:paying-family-members-from-a-business","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"家族への給与（専従者給与）","plainText":"生計を一にする配偶者や親族への支払いは自動では経費になりません。青色事業専従者給与は事前の届出と実際の労働への相当な対価が要件で、支払うとその人の配偶者控除・扶養控除は原則受けられなくなります。\n青色専従者給与・事前届出・相当な対価・失われる控除。\n家族への支払いは原則そのままでは経費不可。\n青色専従者給与は事前届出と相当な対価が必要。\n実際の労働があり、金額が相当であること。\nその人の配偶者・扶養控除は原則失う。\n青色の方法\n生計を一にする配偶者や親族への給与を経費にするには、原則、青色事業専従者の制度を使います。役割と金額を記した届出を事前に提出し、その人が実際に事業に従事し、労働に見合う相当な給与を支払います。白色申告は扱いが限定的で、実際の給与ではなく定額の事業専従者控除です。\nトレードオフ\n家族への給与はトレードオフです。給与は経費になりますが、その人の配偶者・扶養控除は原則受けられなくなり、家族側にも所得が生じます。金額を決める前に、経費になる給与と失う人的控除の両面を試算しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/paying-family-members-from-a-business","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:hiring-family-outsourcing-japan","guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-family-employee","publisher":"国税庁","title":"青色事業専従者給与と事業専従者控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2075.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors:ja","entityId":"guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"個人事業主の消費税","plainText":"個人事業主は、基準期間（原則2年前）の課税売上が1,000万円以下なら原則免税ですが、特定期間の判定・課税事業者選択・事業承継・適格請求書登録により免税を失うことがあります。\n課税売上・免税・基準期間・仕入税額控除・税率・記録。\n基準期間（原則2年前）の課税売上1,000万円以下は免税。\n特定期間の判定や課税事業者選択で免税を失うことも。\n適格請求書登録は1,000万円以下でも課税事業者に。\n課税売上と利益は別。個別に判定。\n免税の対象\n個人の基準期間は原則2年前で、そこでの課税売上が1,000万円以下なら原則免税事業者です。ただし、上半期の「特定期間」判定、課税事業者選択、事業承継、そして重要な点として適格請求書発行事業者への登録により、売上に関係なく課税事業者になります。\n納付\n課税事業者は売上に消費税を課し、仕入税額控除後の差額を納付します（または簡易課税を使用）。税率は標準税率と一部の軽減税率です。利益ではなく課税売上で判定するため、低利益でも1,000万円を超え得ます。仕入税額控除に必要な帳簿・請求書は7年保存します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold","guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-consumption-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"納税義務の免除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"消費税1,000万円の基準","plainText":"1,000万円の基準は、利益ではなく基準期間（原則2年前）の課税売上で判定します。薄利でも課税事業者になり得ます。新規事業も特定期間判定・選択・インボイス登録で課税事業者になり得ます。\n課税売上と利益・基準期間・特定期間・新規事業の例外。\n判定は利益ではなく課税売上。\n個人の基準期間は原則2年前。\n特定期間の判定で早く課税事業者になることも。\n新規事業も自動的に免税ではない。\n利益ではなく売上\nよくある誤解は1,000万円を利益と考えることです。実際は基準期間（個人は原則2年前）の課税売上です。回転の高い薄利の事業は超えやすく、少額請求で高利益のコンサルは超えないこともあります。非課税項目を除いた課税売上を具体的に測ります。\n新規事業と例外\n新規事業は当初、基準期間がないため最初の年は免税のことが多いですが、常にではありません。上半期の特定期間判定（売上または給与）で2年目に課税事業者になり得え、課税事業者選択も可能で、インボイス登録は免税を完全に上書きします。2年間免税と決めつける前に見通しを試算しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","guide:consumption-tax-freelancers-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-consumption-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"納税義務の免除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system:ja","entityId":"guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"インボイス登録すべきか","plainText":"適格請求書発行事業者に登録すると、取引先はあなたへの支払いで仕入税額控除を受けられますが、あなたは免税だった消費税の納税義務を負います。取引先の要請や失注リスクと、税・事務負担を天秤にかけ、初期は2割特例で緩和します。\n取引先の要請・価格・失注・事務負担・消費税負担。\n登録で取引先はあなたの請求書で仕入税額控除が可能に。\n同時にあなたは課税事業者に（消費税の納税義務）。\n取引先の要請・失注と、税・事務負担を比較。\n対象なら2割特例で初期の納税額を抑えられる。\n取引先が気にする理由\n取引先は原則、仕入税額控除を受けるために適格請求書が必要です。未登録だと取引先の実質コストが上がるため、登録や価格交渉を求める先があります。もともと仕入税額控除を使えない消費者や取引先は、登録の有無を気にしません。\n判断の仕方\n試算します。売上のうち仕入税額控除が必要な事業者向けの割合、失注や値引きが納める消費税を上回るか、申告の事務負担です。対象の新規課税登録者は、経過的な2割特例により対象期間中は売上税額の2割の納付で済み、初期の負担を緩和できます。初回登録は税理士に相談すべき論点です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:invoice-system-explained","guide:the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-invoice","publisher":"国税庁","title":"インボイス制度（適格請求書等保存方式）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-invoice-2wari","publisher":"国税庁","title":"消費税の軽減税率・インボイス制度（2割特例等）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"簡易課税と本則課税","plainText":"簡易課税（基準期間の課税売上5,000万円以下で選択可）は、実際の仕入税額の集計に代えて業種別のみなし仕入率（40〜90%）を使い、本則課税は実際の仕入税額を使います。選択には期限と拘束期間があるため、先に試算します。\n要件・みなし仕入率・実額仕入・拘束期間・例。\n簡易課税：基準期間の課税売上5,000万円以下で選択可。\n業種別のみなし仕入率（40〜90%）を使用。\n本則課税は実際の仕入税額を使用（仕入が大きいと有利）。\n選択には届出期限と拘束期間がある。\n2つの方法\n本則課税では、売上税額から実際の仕入税額を引きます。簡易課税（基準期間の課税売上5,000万円以下で選択した場合）は、実額の集計をせず業種別のみなし仕入率（90・80・70・60・50・40%）を適用します。課税仕入の少ないサービス業は簡易が有利なことが多く、課税仕入が大きい事業は本則が有利なこともあります。\n選択と拘束\n簡易課税の選択は届出期限があり、原則一定期間拘束されるため、毎年有利な方に乗り換えることはできません。将来、大きな仕入（設備・在庫）で多額の仕入税額控除が見込まれるなら、その年は本則が有利なことがあります。特に初回登録時は、選択前に両方を試算します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","guide:the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-simplified-consumption","publisher":"国税庁","title":"簡易課税制度","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6505.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure:ja","entityId":"guide:the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"インボイスの2割特例","plainText":"経過的な2割特例は、インボイス登録によってのみ課税事業者になった対象事業者が、2026年9月30日までの日を含む課税期間について売上税額の2割だけを納付できる制度で、登録初期の負担を緩和します。\n対象・対象期間・計算・簡易課税との関係・終了時期。\nインボイス登録によってのみ課税事業者になった事業者向け。\n本則・簡易ではなく売上税額の2割を納付。\n2026年9月30日までの日を含む課税期間が対象。\n特例終了後の対応を計画する。\n仕組み\n免税事業者だった人がインボイス登録によってのみ課税事業者になった場合、売上に係る消費税の2割だけを納付する選択ができます。本則より負担が小さくなることが多い大幅な簡素化です。詳細な要件の下、2026年9月30日までの日を含む課税期間に適用され、原則、課税期間ごとに選べます。\n特例後の計画\n特例は経過的なため、終了後の消費税がどうなるか（簡易課税と本則のどちらが合うか、登録を続ける意味があるか）を試算します。期限切れの特例を前提に価格設定せず、特例後の方式を前もって決めましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax","guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-invoice-2wari","publisher":"国税庁","title":"消費税の軽減税率・インボイス制度（2割特例等）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:consumption-tax-for-landlords-and-property-owners:ja","entityId":"guide:consumption-tax-for-landlords-and-property-owners","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"大家・不動産オーナーの消費税","plainText":"住宅の家賃は原則非課税、事業用の家賃は課税で、土地の取引は建物と扱いが異なります。仕入税額控除の可否や売却時の課税は、課税事業者かどうかと物件の用途で決まります。\n住宅家賃と事業用家賃・土地と建物・購入・仕入税額控除・売却。\n住宅家賃：原則非課税、事業用家賃：課税。\n土地は建物と消費税の扱いが異なる。\n仕入税額控除は課税事業者か・用途次第。\n課税事業者の建物売却は課税、土地は非課税。\n家賃と土地\n消費税では、通常の住宅家賃は原則非課税のため住宅の大家は消費税の外にいることが多く、事業用家賃は課税です。土地の取引（地代や土地の売買）は建物と扱いが異なります。したがって混在ポートフォリオでは課税・非課税が併存し、仕入税額控除の計算に影響します。\n購入と売却\n課税事業者の建物部分は売却時に消費税が課され得ますが、土地は非課税です。購入や経費の仕入税額を回収できるかは、課税事業者であることと、賃料収入の課税・非課税の構成によります。住宅の大家は免税のことが多く、事業用の保有は仕入税額控除の機会を生むため、分析は物件ごとです。規模が大きい場合は専門家へ。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/consumption-tax-for-landlords-and-property-owners","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-taxes-in-japan","guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-consumption-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"納税義務の免除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"国税庁","title":"不動産収入を受け取ったとき（不動産所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本株と譲渡益の税金","plainText":"上場株式の譲渡益は分離課税で合計20.315%。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）なら自動で課税されますが、損失を利益・配当と通算したり3年繰り越すために申告することもできます。\n分離課税・20.315%・特定口座・申告・損益通算。\n合計税率：20.315%（国税15%＋復興0.315%＋地方5%）。\n源泉徴収ありの特定口座は申告不要で完結。\n申告すれば損失を通算し3年繰越できる。\n申告は住民税・保険料・扶養に影響し得る。\n税率と口座\n上場株式の譲渡益は申告分離課税で合計20.315%です。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）を使うと証券会社が源泉徴収・納付するため申告不要です。源泉徴収なしの特定口座は年間報告書は出ますが自分で申告し、一般口座はすべて自分で計算します。\nあえて申告する場合\n源泉徴収口座でも申告が得なことがあります。上場株式の損失を利益や対象配当と通算でき、残った損失は継続申告で3年繰り越せます。ただし申告するとその所得が住民税の指標に加わり、国保料の上昇や扶養判定に影響し得るため、全体で比較しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","guide:how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses","guide:how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-listed-shares","publisher":"国税庁","title":"株式等を譲渡したときの課税（申告分離課税）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"配当の税金","plainText":"上場配当は原則、国税15.315%＋地方5%が源泉徴収され、申告不要・総合課税（配当控除あり）・分離課税を選べます。最適は限界税率・損失・住民税・保険への影響で変わります。\n源泉徴収・申告不要・総合課税と分離課税・配当控除。\n上場配当：国税15.315%＋地方5%の源泉徴収。\n3択：申告不要・総合課税・分離課税。\n低所得では総合課税＋配当控除が有利なことも。\n大口株主・非上場配当は別ルール。\n3つの選択肢\n上場配当は、源泉徴収のまま（申告不要）、総合課税に含める（配当控除と累進税率が適用）、分離課税を使う（株式損失との通算に対応）のいずれかを選べます。低所得者は総合課税＋配当控除が有利なことがあり、高所得者は申告不要や分離課税を好むことが多いです。\n注意点\n最適は、配当控除・通算する株式損失・限界税率、そして重要な点として住民税・国保料・扶養判定によります。申告するとその所得がこれらの指標に加わるためです。大口株主や非上場配当は独自の（不利な）ルールです。選ぶ前に全体の影響を試算しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","guide:how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-dividends","publisher":"国税庁","title":"配当金を受け取ったとき（配当所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"株式損失の申告と繰越","plainText":"上場株式の損失は、上場株式の利益や（選択により）対象配当と通算でき、残額は3年繰り越せます。ただし利益のない年も含め、毎年継続して申告した場合に限ります。\n対象損失・配当との通算・継続申告・3年繰越。\n損失は上場株式の利益・（選択で）対象配当と通算。\n残った損失は最大3年繰越。\n利益のない年も継続申告しないと繰越は消える。\n対象口座と年間取引報告書が必要。\n通算と繰越\n上場株式で損失が出た年に申告すると、同年の上場株式の利益や、選択により対象の上場配当と通算できます。損失が残れば、将来の利益・配当と通算するため最大3年繰り越せます。値動きの大きい数年で税を大きく減らせることがあります。\n継続申告\n注意点は継続性です。繰越損失を維持するには、繰越期間中は利益のない年も含め毎年申告する必要があり、怠ると損失は消えます。年間取引報告書を保管し、複数の証券会社に損失がある場合は申告で合算します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-listed-shares","publisher":"国税庁","title":"株式等を譲渡したときの課税（申告分離課税）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance:ja","entityId":"guide:how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"投資の申告が健康保険・給付に及ぼす影響","plainText":"損失利用や配当控除のために投資所得を申告すると、住民税・国民健康保険料・扶養・一部の給付で使う所得に加わります。国税の還付が保険料の増加で相殺されることもあります。\n住民税の所得・国民健康保険・扶養・申告選択のトレードオフ。\n投資所得の申告は住民税の所得指標に加算される。\n国民健康保険料が上がり得る。\n扶養や所得制限のある給付に影響し得る。\n国税の還付が保険料増で一部相殺されることも。\n隠れた連動\n源泉徴収口座の投資所得は、申告しない限り申告所得に入りません。損失通算や配当控除のために申告すると、その所得が住民税、そして国民健康保険加入者は保険料計算に使う所得に加わります。扶養の基準を超えさせたり、所得制限のある給付を減らすこともあります。\n賢い選択\nだからこそ申告の選択は所得税だけの問題ではありません。損失通算の還付が、保険料増や扶養喪失で一部・全部が消えることがあります。会社の健康保険の会社員は国保加入者より影響が小さいです。申告を決める前に、国税・住民税・保険料・給付を合わせて試算しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-listed-shares","publisher":"国税庁","title":"株式等を譲渡したときの課税（申告分離課税）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinjuku-resident-tax","publisher":"新宿区","title":"個人住民税","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国証券・海外証券口座の税金","plainText":"日本の居住者が外国証券から得る配当・譲渡益は日本で課税されます（海外証券は通常、日本の源泉徴収をしません）。金額は円換算し、海外で源泉徴収された外国税は外国税額控除で調整され得ます（限度と書類要件あり）。\n外国配当・譲渡益・為替・外国源泉税・外国税額控除。\n居住者の外国配当・譲渡益は日本で課税。\n海外証券は通常日本の源泉徴収をしない。自分で申告。\n金額は適切な為替で円換算。\n外国源泉税は外国税額控除で調整され得る。\n外国資産の申告\n日本の居住者なら、海外証券の配当・譲渡益は、海外証券が日本の源泉徴収をしなくても日本で課税されます。年間明細から自分で所得を計算し、各金額を適切な為替で円換算します。海外の明細やCSVを保管します。海外証券は一般口座のような手計算が一般的です。\n外国源泉税と控除\n外国はしばしば配当に源泉税を課します。日本は対象の外国所得税について、日本側の限度内で、国・所得区分・税額・納付・為替の資料を添えて外国税額控除を認め得ます。控除は必ずしも外国税の全額ではなく、条約が外国源泉税率を下げることもあります。金額が大きい場合は専門家に相談する価値があります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan","guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-foreign-tax-credit","publisher":"国税庁","title":"外国税額控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1240.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-listed-shares","publisher":"国税庁","title":"株式等を譲渡したときの課税（申告分離課税）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pension-income-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:pension-income-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"年金の税金","plainText":"公的年金は公的年金等控除後の雑所得です。公的年金等の収入が400万円以下かつ他の所得が20万円以下の居住者は確定申告不要にできますが、日本の源泉徴収がない外国年金があるとこの特例を使えないことがあります。\n公的年金・外国年金・公的年金等控除・源泉徴収・申告不要の特例。\n公的年金は公的年金等控除後の雑所得。\n申告不要特例：公的年金400万円以下＋他の所得20万円以下。\n日本の源泉徴収がない外国年金は特例を使えなくすることも。\n控除申請や住民税申告のため申告することも。\n年金の課税\n公的年金（日本の年金、居住者は外国年金も）は、年齢や年金額で変わる公的年金等控除後の雑所得です。日本の公的年金は通常源泉徴収されます。公的年金等の収入が400万円以下かつ他の所得が20万円以下の居住者は、確定申告不要とできる場合があります。\n外国年金と申告\n日本の源泉徴収の対象でない外国年金があると年金の申告不要ルールを使えないことがあり、外国年金の受給者は申告が必要になりがちです。特例が使える場合でも、医療費控除などのため申告を選べ、住民税申告が必要なこともあります。年金の明細や外国税の記録を保管しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/pension-income-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:retirement-income-tax","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-pension-income","publisher":"国税庁","title":"公的年金等を受け取ったとき（雑所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1600.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:retirement-income-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:retirement-income-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"退職所得の税金","plainText":"退職所得は優遇されます。退職金から退職所得控除（勤続1年40万円、20年超は増額）を引き、その1/2に、他の所得と分離して課税します。退職所得の受給申告書を出すことが前提です。\n退職所得控除・1/2課税・勤続年数・受給申告書。\n控除：勤続1年40万円（20年まで最低80万円）。\n20年超：800万円＋1年70万円。\n超過額の1/2のみ課税、他の所得と分離。\n受給申告書を出さないと20.42%源泉徴収。\n計算\n勤続年数から退職所得控除を計算します。1年40万円（20年以下は最低80万円）、20年超は800万円＋1年70万円。退職金から控除を引き1/2にします。勤続25年・退職金1,500万円なら、控除1,150万円で（1,500万円−1,150万円）×1/2＝175万円が退職所得で、分離課税されます。\n申告書と特別ルール\n退職所得の受給申告書を支払者に提出すれば正しい優遇額が源泉徴収され、出さないと20.42%が源泉徴収され精算のため申告します。短期勤続や短期の役員退職金には1/2優遇を縮小するルールがあり、複数の退職金（DC/iDeCoの一時金を含む）は勤続年数のルールで相互作用します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/retirement-income-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing","guide:pension-income-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-retirement-income","publisher":"国税庁","title":"退職金を受け取ったとき（退職所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1420.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing:ja","entityId":"guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"iDeCoと退職金の受取時期","plainText":"iDeCoの一時金と会社の退職金はどちらも退職所得控除を使い、勤続期間が重複し得ます。受取の順序や間隔を誤ると控除を無駄にしかねないため、時期を試算すべきです。\n勤続期間の重複・一時金の扱い・受取順序。\niDeCo一時金と退職金はどちらも退職所得控除を使う。\n勤続/加入期間が重複し、合算控除が制限され得る。\n受取順序と間隔が結果に影響。\n受取方法を選ぶ前に順序を試算する。\n時期が重要な理由\n退職所得控除は勤続年数（またはiDeCoの加入年数）に基づきます。会社の退職金とiDeCoの一時金という2つの一時金を受け取ると、ルールにより期間が重複扱いとなり、2つの控除を単純に足せないことがあります。受取順序や、両者の間に十分な年数を空けることで、控除をより多く残せることがあります。\nまず試算\n相互作用は複雑で、勤続年数・加入年数・金額、そしてiDeCoを一時金と年金のどちらで受け取るかによります。退職日や受取方法を確定する前に、複数案を試算しましょう。優遇控除をうっかり失わないよう、専門家に相談すべき典型的な場面です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:retirement-income-tax","guide:ideco-tax-deduction","guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-retirement-income","publisher":"国税庁","title":"退職金を受け取ったとき（退職所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1420.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords:ja","entityId":"guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"大家の不動産所得の税金","plainText":"不動産所得は、家賃＋返還不要の敷金・更新料から、固定資産税・保険・減価償却・修繕・ローン利息の賃貸対応分などの必要経費を引いた額です。ローン元本は経費にできず、青色申告で特別控除を加えられます。\n家賃・各種料金・敷金・経費・減価償却・利息・空室・青色申告。\n収入は家賃・返還不要の敷金・更新料を含む。\n経費：固定資産税・保険・減価償却・修繕・利息。\n元本返済は経費不可、利息は可の場合あり。\n例：収入240万円−経費150万円＝不動産所得90万円。\n収入に含まれるもの\n不動産所得の収入は、家賃・返還不要の敷金（礼金など）・更新料・入居者からの精算金を含みます。返還する敷金は、返還不要になるまで収入ではありません。必要経費は固定資産税・火災保険・減価償却・修繕などが一般的です。例：家賃・返還不要の料金240万円−経費150万円＝不動産所得90万円。\n利息・元本・青色申告\n対象のローン利息は経費ですが、元本返済は経費にできません（よくある誤り）。資本的支出は経費ではなく減価償却します。賃貸が事業的規模に達すれば、青色申告で特別控除や専従者給与を加えられます。購入契約・土地建物の按分・ローン明細・減価償却の予定表を保管しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/rental-income-tax-for-landlords","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:deductible-rental-property-expenses","guide:rental-property-depreciation","guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"国税庁","title":"不動産収入を受け取ったとき（不動産所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:deductible-rental-property-expenses:ja","entityId":"guide:deductible-rental-property-expenses","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産の経費（賃貸）","plainText":"管理費・通常の修繕・保険・固定資産税・ローン利息・大家負担の光熱費などの当期費用は経費にできますが、ローン元本、資本的支出（減価償却）、混在物件の私用部分は経費にできません。\n管理費・修繕・保険・固定資産税・利息・光熱費・私用按分。\n当期費用：管理費・修繕・保険・固定資産税・利息・光熱費。\n経費不可：元本・資本的支出（減価償却）・私用部分。\n当期費用と資産/資本項目を分ける。\n専門家報酬・広告費の領収書も保管。\n当期費用\n経費にできる当期費用は、管理費・広告費・通常の修繕・火災保険・固定資産税・ローン利息・大家負担の光熱費・専門家報酬などです。物件ごとに別の集計を付けます。これらは支払った年の不動産所得を直接減らします。\n当期費用でないもの\n資産・資本項目は分けます。建物・土地の購入価格（土地は非償却）、大規模改良（減価償却）、ローン元本、入居者に返す敷金、資本化が必要な取得費用、私用部分です。これらを当期費用に混ぜると経費を過大計上し、調査でよく是正されます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/deductible-rental-property-expenses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements","guide:rental-property-depreciation"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"国税庁","title":"不動産収入を受け取ったとき（不動産所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements:ja","entityId":"guide:rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"修繕費と資本的支出","plainText":"原状回復にとどまる工事は経費になる修繕費、耐用年数を延ばす・価値を高める工事は経費ではなく減価償却する資本的支出です。判定が微妙な場合には具体的な基準があります。\n当期費用と資本化・耐用年数の延長・記録。\n修繕（原状回復）→ 当期費用。\n改良（耐用年数延長・価値増）→ 資本化し減価償却。\n大規模・構造的な工事は資本的支出になりやすい。\n金額だけでなく工事内容の分かる請求書を保管。\n線引き\n修繕は物件を元の状態に戻すもの（雨漏り修理・張替え・同等品への交換）で、当期に経費化できます。資本的支出は耐用年数を延ばす・価値を高めるもの（グレードアップ・増築・大幅に優れた交換）で、期間にわたり減価償却します。金額と範囲が重要で、大規模・構造的な工事は資本寄りです。\n不確かな場合\n判定が微妙な工事には形式基準があり（少額や周期的な維持は修繕扱いにできる）、大きな改良を修繕と誤ると当期経費を過大にします。金額だけでなく工事内容を記した請求書を保管し、大規模工事は経費と減価償却の按分が説明できるよう助言を受けましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:deductible-rental-property-expenses","guide:rental-property-depreciation","guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"国税庁","title":"不動産収入を受け取ったとき（不動産所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-depreciation","publisher":"国税庁","title":"減価償却のあらまし・少額減価償却資産","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rental-property-depreciation:ja","entityId":"guide:rental-property-depreciation","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産の減価償却","plainText":"建物（および一定の設備）は法定耐用年数で減価償却しますが、土地は償却しません。したがって購入価格を土地と建物に按分する必要があり、資料の乏しい古い物件でこの按分を再構成するには注意か専門家が必要です。\n土地と建物・按分・耐用年数・資料不足。\n建物は減価償却、土地は非償却。\n購入価格を土地と建物に按分。\n耐用年数は構造次第（木造・RCなど）。\n購入資料がないと取得費の再構成が難しい。\n土地と建物の按分\n土地は非償却のため、購入のうち建物部分だけが減価償却を生みます。契約書・固定資産税評価額・その他合理的な方法で価格を按分し、建物を構造ごとの耐用年数で償却します。設備は独自の（より短い）耐用年数を持つことがあります。\n古い物件と記録\n中古建物では過年度の償却も考慮し、購入契約がない・土地建物の按分がない非常に古い物件では、取得費の再構成が難しく誤りが生じやすくなります。誤った取得費は毎年の償却と将来の売却計算の双方に影響するため、専門家に相談すべき典型的な場面です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/rental-property-depreciation","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","guide:equipment-and-depreciation"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-depreciation","publisher":"国税庁","title":"減価償却のあらまし・少額減価償却資産","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"国税庁","title":"不動産収入を受け取ったとき（不動産所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産購入時の税金","plainText":"不動産購入では、不動産取得税（都道府県）、所有権移転・抵当権の登録免許税、紙の契約書の印紙税、課税対象の建物部分の消費税が生じ得え、取得後は毎年の固定資産税・都市計画税がかかります。\n不動産取得税・登録免許税・印紙税・建物の消費税・毎年の税。\n取得時の不動産取得税（都道府県）。\n所有権移転・抵当権設定の登録免許税。\n紙の売買・ローン契約の印紙税。\n建物部分の消費税。土地は扱いが異なる。\n購入時の一時的な税\n購入時は、都道府県が課す不動産取得税、所有権や抵当権の登記にかかる登録免許税（評価額に法定税率、臨時軽減あり）、紙の契約書の印紙税、課税対象の建物部分の消費税が生じ得ます。土地は消費税で扱いが異なります。自己居住用住宅は軽減の対象になることが多いです。\nその後の毎年の税\n取得後は、1月1日の所有者と評価額に基づき、市区町村が固定資産税を、市街化区域では都市計画税を毎年課します。取得・登録・印紙の軽減は臨時で期日次第のため、取引日の当年税率を確認し、自己居住の軽減も確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","guide:fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes","guide:property-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyo-acquisition-tax","publisher":"東京都主税局","title":"不動産取得税","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shitsumon/fudosan/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-registration-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"登録免許税の税額表","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7191.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-stamp-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"印紙税額の一覧表","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7140.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産売却時の税金","plainText":"不動産の売却は不動産所得ではなく別の譲渡所得です。譲渡益は売却価格−取得費−譲渡費用で、保有期間により短期・長期の税率が異なり、取得費は既に計上した減価償却で減額されます。居住用は特例が使えることがあります。\n分離課税の譲渡所得・保有期間・取得費・減価償却・居住用特例。\n売却は不動産所得ではなく別の譲渡所得。\n譲渡益＝売却価格−取得費−譲渡費用。\n短期・長期の税率は保有期間で決まる。\n居住用は特別控除・特例の対象になり得る。\n譲渡益の計算\n譲渡益は、売却価格から取得費（土地・建物に按分）と仲介手数料などの譲渡費用を引いた額です。重要な点として、建物の取得費は賃貸中に計上した（または計上すべきだった）減価償却分だけ減額され、課税譲渡益が想定より大きくなり得ます。保有期間により、高率の短期と低率の長期に分かれます。\n居住用の特例\n自宅を売った場合は、居住用財産の特別控除など、条件を満たせば税を軽減・免除する特例があり得ます。購入契約・土地建物の按分・取得費用・改良と減価償却の履歴・売買契約・仲介手数料・居住の証拠を集めます。取得費の資料が乏しい古い物件は専門家が必要になりがちです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","guide:rental-property-depreciation","guide:property-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-property-sale","publisher":"国税庁","title":"土地や建物を売ったとき（譲渡所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes:ja","entityId":"guide:fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"固定資産税・都市計画税","plainText":"固定資産税（市街化区域では都市計画税も）は、土地・家屋・償却資産にかかる市区町村の毎年の税で、1月1日の所有者と評価額に基づき、通常は数回に分けた納付書で課されます。\n評価・毎年の負担・通知・納付スケジュール・所有者の基準日。\n土地・家屋・償却資産にかかる市区町村の毎年の税。\n1月1日の所有者と評価額に基づく。\n市街化区域では都市計画税が加わる。\n自治体のスケジュールで分割納付。\n評価と課税\n市区町村は土地・家屋を評価し、毎年固定資産税を課します。市街化区域では都市計画税も加えます。1月1日時点の所有者がその年の納税義務者で、その後に売却しても変わらず、地元のスケジュールで数回に分けて納付します。住宅用地や新築住宅は軽減されることが多いです。\n自治体差\n評価額は定期的に見直され、税率・軽減・納期は自治体で異なります。売買時は、法的には1月1日の所有者が納税義務者でも、契約で当事者間が年税を日割り精算するのが一般的です。評価通知を確認し、誤りは市区町村に申し出ましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","guide:property-taxes-in-japan","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyo-fixed-asset-tax","publisher":"東京都主税局","title":"固定資産税・都市計画税（土地・家屋）","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ローン利息と住宅ローン控除","plainText":"自己居住の住宅は住宅ローン控除（税額控除）を使い、賃貸物件はローン利息を経費として差し引きます。ただしいずれも元本は控除できず、併用物件は按分が必要です。\n賃貸の利息経費と自己居住の税額控除・元本・併用物件。\n自己居住 → 住宅ローン控除（税額を減らす）。\n賃貸物件 → ローン利息は経費。\nいずれも元本は控除不可。\n併用（自宅＋賃貸）物件は按分が必要。\n2つの異なる仕組み\n両者は別物です。住宅ローン控除は、要件を満たす自己居住住宅の年末ローン残高の一定割合だけ所得税を減らす税額控除です。一方、賃貸物件の利息は不動産所得を減らす通常の経費です。純粋な賃貸物件に自己居住用の控除は使えません。\n元本と併用\nいずれの場合も、ローン元本の返済は控除できません。控除できるのは利息（賃貸）または控除（自己居住）だけです。物件の一部が自宅で一部が賃貸なら、利息と控除を正しい部分に按分します。按分の正確さは、賃貸経費と控除の適用の双方に影響します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan","guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:property-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-mortgage-credit","publisher":"国税庁","title":"住宅借入金等特別控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"国税庁","title":"不動産収入を受け取ったとき（不動産所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nonresident-landlord-taxes:ja","entityId":"guide:nonresident-landlord-taxes","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"非居住者の大家の税金","plainText":"日本の不動産を貸す非居住者は、その不動産所得について日本で課税されます。一定の借主は家賃から源泉徴収する必要があり、通常の経費は確定申告で差し引き、申告や通知の対応のため原則、納税管理人が必要です。\n日本の不動産所得・源泉徴収・納税管理人・経費・売却。\n非居住者の日本の不動産所得は日本で課税。\n一定の借主は非居住者への家賃から源泉徴収が必要。\n確定申告し、通常の不動産経費を差し引く。\n納税管理人を選任する。\n家賃の源泉徴収と申告\n海外に住み日本の不動産を貸す場合、その不動産所得は日本源泉で日本で課税されます。借主が法人、または事業のために借りる個人の場合、原則、家賃から源泉徴収し納付する必要があり、これを申告で精算します。自分の住居として借りる個人の借主は、通常、源泉徴収の例外です。\n納税管理人と売却\n海外にいるため、申告・通知の受領・納付を代行する納税管理人を選任します。通常の不動産経費や減価償却は引き続き差し引けます。将来売却する際は、非居住者の売却で買主による源泉徴収が生じることがあり、条約の適用もあり得ます。売却は専門家と計画しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/nonresident-landlord-taxes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:tax-representative-guide","guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"国税庁","title":"居住者・非居住者の区分と課税所得の範囲","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"国税庁","title":"不動産収入を受け取ったとき（不動産所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:worldwide-vs-japan-source-income:ja","entityId":"guide:worldwide-vs-japan-source-income","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"全世界所得と日本源泉所得","plainText":"日本が課税できる範囲は、居住者区分と所得の発生地によります。日本で行った労働は海外払いでも日本源泉、永住者は全世界所得、非永住者は日本で支払われた・送金された国外所得も対象です。\n給与・役務・家賃・投資・事業・年金と、海外での支払い。\n日本で行った労働は、海外払いでも日本源泉。\n税務上の永住者は全世界所得に課税。\n非居住者は特定の日本源泉所得のみ課税。\n支払地では源泉は決まらない。\n日本源泉とは\n日本源泉所得には、日本で行った労働の給与・役務所得、日本の不動産の家賃、日本資産の譲渡益、日本の事業所得などが含まれ、支払地は問いません。外国雇用主が海外口座に支払っても源泉は変わりません。非居住者は原則、こうした日本源泉所得のみ、多くは源泉徴収で課税されます。\n居住区分と範囲\n次に居住区分が範囲を決めます。税務上の永住者は全世界所得（国外所得も全て）に課税され、非永住者は国外源泉所得を、日本で支払われた・送金された範囲でのみ加えます。条約は一部の源泉地国の課税権を再配分し得るため、国際的な立場は国内法と条約の双方で確認すべきです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/worldwide-vs-japan-source-income","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"国税庁","title":"居住者・非居住者の区分と課税所得の範囲","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"国外所得と日本への送金","plainText":"非永住者の場合、国外源泉所得は日本で支払われた・送金された範囲で課税されます。充当ルールにより、混合口座からの送金は課税所得を持ち込んだと扱われ得るため、記録を丁寧に残しましょう。\n非永住者ルール・国外源泉所得・送金の充当順・混合口座。\n非永住者は送金した国外所得が課税対象。\n混合口座からの送金は課税所得を含むとみなされ得る。\n海外に置いたお金だけが安全とは限らない。\n所得の源泉と送金の記録を保管する。\n送金ルール\n非永住者は、日本源泉所得に加え、日本で支払われた・送金された国外源泉所得に課税されます。全世界課税より狭く「日本のみ」より広く、持ち込んだお金を捕捉します。充当ルールにより、送金はまずその年の国外所得を持ち込んだと扱われ得ます（貯蓄の移動のつもりでも）。\n混合口座と記録\n所得と元本が混在する口座からの送金は所得に先に充当され得るため、資金を混ぜると分析が難しくなり課税対象が増え得ます。国外の所得・元本・送金を記録し、可能なら分別します。誤りの典型例のため、大きな送金の前に助言を受けましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:worldwide-vs-japan-source-income","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:moving-to-japan-tax-checklist"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"国税庁","title":"居住者・非居住者の区分と課税所得の範囲","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の外国税額控除","plainText":"日本の居住者は、二重課税を緩和するため対象の外国所得税を控除できますが、日本側の限度額（必ずしも外国税の全額ではない）があり、国・所得・納付・為替の書類が必要で、一定の未使用額は3年繰り越せます。\n対象の外国税・日本側の限度・繰越・書類。\n対象の外国所得税を日本の税から控除。\n日本側の限度あり。外国税の全額とは限らない。\n一定の未使用の外国税・限度額は3年繰越。\n国・所得区分・納付・為替の記録が必要。\n控除の仕組み\n同じ所得が海外と日本で課税される場合、外国税額控除は、対象の外国所得税の分だけ日本の税を減らします。ただし総所得に占める国外所得の割合から計算する日本側の限度が上限です。この上限のため控除は外国税の全額に満たないことがあり、一定の未使用の外国税・限度額は3年繰り越せます。\n書類と条約\n国・所得区分・外国税・納付・為替の資料が必要です。条約はそもそも外国源泉税を下げ、必要な控除額を変えることがあり、控除できない外国税もあります。計算と条約の調整は専門的なため、金額の大きい外国税の立場は専門家に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:double-tax-treaties-explained","guide:taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages","guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-foreign-tax-credit","publisher":"国税庁","title":"外国税額控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1240.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:double-tax-treaties-explained:ja","entityId":"guide:double-tax-treaties-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"租税条約の基礎","plainText":"日本と相手国の租税条約は、どちらの国が何に課税するかを定めます。居住地のタイブレーク、源泉地国の課税権の制限、配当・利子・年金の源泉税の軽減などです。ただし軽減は自動ではなく、適格性・様式・手続きが必要です。\n居住地のタイブレーク・源泉地国の課税権・源泉税の軽減・様式。\n両国が居住者と主張する場合、条約がタイブレークで解決。\n源泉地国の課税権・源泉税率を制限する。\n軽減は自動ではなく、届出と手続きが必要。\nセービング条項が自国民への課税を残すことがある。\n条約の役割\n両国があなたを居住者とみなす場合、条約のタイブレーク（恒久的住居・重要な利害の中心・常用の住居・国籍）が条約上の居住地を1つに定めます。条約は一定所得への源泉地国課税を制限・排除し、配当・利子・使用料・年金の源泉税を軽減します。外国税額控除とともに二重課税を防ぎ・減らします。\n軽減の受け方\n条約の軽減は自動ではなく、原則として適格性の届出（例：軽減源泉税率の適用）を行い、手続き要件に従います。一部の条約のセービング条項は、他の規定にかかわらず自国民への課税権を残します。条約の解釈と様式は専門的で国別のため、実際の適用は専門家に相談しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/double-tax-treaties-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"id":"mof-us-japan-treaty","publisher":"財務省","title":"租税条約（日米租税条約を含む）","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/tax_policy/summary/international/tax_convention/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"国税庁","title":"居住者・非居住者の区分と課税所得の範囲","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:moving-to-japan-tax-checklist:ja","entityId":"guide:moving-to-japan-tax-checklist","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"来日時の税務チェックリスト","plainText":"到着前後に、到着日と居住の事実を記録し、資産の取得価額と時価を把握し、株式報酬と送金の記録を保存し、条約と社会保障の適用を確認し、初回の年末までに専門家の確認を計画します。\n到着日・居住判定・取得価額・株式報酬・送金・条約。\n到着日と居住を基礎づける事実を記録。\n来日前の資産の取得価額と時価を把握。\n株式報酬の付与・権利確定・行使の記録を保存。\n送金記録を保管し、条約・社会保障の適用を確認。\n保存すべきもの\n来日前の確定申告と年末の口座明細を入手し、証券・暗号資産・不動産の取得価額を記録し、株式報酬の付与・権利確定の記録（来日前後の勤務にまたがり得る）を保存します。日本の住所・居所が始まる日を特定し、国外から日本への送金記録を保管します。非永住者の送金課税は源泉と充当のルール次第です。\n確認とカレンダー\n条約・社会保障協定の適用を確認し、円換算の方法を定め、外国雇用主の給与計算の義務を確認し、日本と本国の申告のカレンダーを作ります。日本に送金したお金だけが課税対象と思い込まないこと。立場を最初から正しくするため、初回の年末前に専門家の確認を予定しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/moving-to-japan-tax-checklist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"国税庁","title":"居住者・非居住者の区分と課税所得の範囲","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist:ja","entityId":"guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"出国時の税務チェックリスト","plainText":"出国前に、税務上の居住が終わるかを判定し、出国年の申告を済ませ（または後日申告のため納税管理人を選任）、国税と予定納税を精算し、住民税の納付を手配し、出国税の該当を確認し、年金の脱退一時金を検討します。\n出国年の申告・住民税・納税管理人・予定納税・出国税。\n出国年の申告を済ませるか、納税管理人で後日申告。\n住民税は出国で終わらない。納付を手配。\n出国後の手続きのため納税管理人を選任。\n出国税の該当確認と年金脱退一時金の検討。\n申告と納付\n税務上の出国日と、居住が終わるかを判定します。国税庁は、納税管理人を選ばない場合は出国前の申告を求めます。納税管理人を選任すれば、出国後も申告・還付・通知を海外から処理できます。国税と予定納税を精算し、市区町村と住民税の納付を手配します。前年分の住民税は出国後も残ります。\n出国税と年金\n出国税の該当を確認します。特定の金融資産が合計1億円以上で在住歴の要件を満たす場合に及び得ます。手続き完了まで日本の銀行・マイナンバーのアクセスを確保し、年金の脱退一時金と将来の年金権を比較し、ソフト・税理士・証券・銀行・保険に住所変更を届け出ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/leaving-japan-tax-checklist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:tax-representative-guide","guide:japan-exit-tax-guide","guide:pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-leaving-japan","publisher":"国税庁","title":"海外に転勤するときの確定申告","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1923.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-tax-agent","publisher":"国税庁","title":"出国する納税者の納税管理人","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/12004.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:tax-representative-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:tax-representative-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"納税管理人ガイド","plainText":"納税管理人は、届出により選任する日本国内の人で、出国後にあなたの通知の受領・申告・還付・納付を代行します。出国後に日本の税務手続きが生じる場合に必要です。\n必要な場面・選任手続き・役割・出国後の納付。\n税務署への届出で選任。\n通知を受領し、申告・還付・納付を代行。\n出国後も税務手続きが続く場合に必要。\n出国前に全て申告する必要を避けられる。\n必要な場面\n出国後に、申告・還付の受領・通知への対応・納付が生じる場合（例：継続する不動産所得、遅れて出る還付、間に合わない出国年の申告など）、日本国内から手続きを続けられるよう納税管理人を選任します。選任しない場合、国税庁は出国前の申告を求めます。\n選任と役割\n税務署に届出を提出し、日本国内の人（または法人）を納税管理人に指定します。あなたの税の郵便物を受領し、代わりに申告・還付請求・納付ができますが、納税者はあなたのままです。信頼でき連絡が取れる人を選び、複雑な事案では税理士が自然な選択です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/tax-representative-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","guide:nonresident-landlord-taxes","guide:japan-exit-tax-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-tax-agent","publisher":"国税庁","title":"出国する納税者の納税管理人","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/12004.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-exit-tax-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-exit-tax-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"国外転出時課税（出国税）ガイド","plainText":"出国税は、対象の金融資産が合計1億円以上で在住歴の要件を満たす人が出国する際、含み益を売却したものとみなして課税し得ます。納税管理人と担保により、原則5年（最長10年）の納税猶予が可能です。\n対象資産・1億円の判定・みなし譲渡・納税猶予・期限。\n対象は特定の金融資産（有価証券等）で、全資産ではない。\n判定基準：対象資産が合計1億円以上。\n在住歴の要件も満たす必要がある。\n納税管理人と担保で猶予可（原則5年、最長10年）。\n課税対象\n出国税は、一定の金融資産（有価証券や一部のデリバティブなど）を出国時に売却したとみなし、含み益に課税します。対象資産が合計1億円以上で、在住歴の要件（概ね直近で一定期間居住していたこと）を満たす場合に適用されます。国籍だけが基準ではなく、外国籍でも対象になり得ます。\n猶予と期限\n含み益への出国時課税は重いため、納税管理人を選任し担保を提供すれば、原則5年（最長10年）の納税猶予が可能です。出国前後に申告期限があり、後の実際の売却や帰国で結果が調整され得ます。居住を手放す前に必ず専門家の確認を受けるべき分野です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-exit-tax-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","guide:tax-representative-guide","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-exit-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"国外転出時課税制度","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/kokugai-zaisan.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"脱退一時金の税金","plainText":"出国する外国人労働者は脱退一時金を請求できます。厚生年金の脱退一時金は原則20.42%が源泉徴収されますが、納税管理人を通じて退職所得課税を適用することで、多くを還付請求できることが多いです。\n受給要件・厚生年金の源泉徴収・納税管理人による還付・条約の考慮。\n出国する外国人労働者は脱退一時金を請求可能。\n厚生年金の脱退一時金は原則20.42%源泉徴収。\n納税管理人経由で退職所得課税を適用し還付可。\n将来の年金権や通算協定と比較する。\n請求と還付\n受給資格のある出国する外国人労働者は、年金保険料の脱退一時金を請求できます。厚生年金の脱退一時金は、支払時に原則20.42%が源泉徴収されます。ただし、日本の納税管理人を選任し、退職所得課税（控除と1/2ルール）を適用する申告を行うことで、その源泉徴収の多くを還付できることが多いです。\n慎重に比較\n脱退一時金は関連する日本の年金権を終了させるため、今の現金と将来の年金受給を比較し、日本と自国の社会保障（通算）協定を確認します。加入期間を通算でき、脱退せず権利を保てる場合があります。請求前に検討しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","guide:tax-representative-guide","guide:retirement-income-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"jps-lump-sum","publisher":"日本年金機構","title":"脱退一時金","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/withdrawalpayment/payment.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-retirement-income","publisher":"国税庁","title":"退職金を受け取ったとき（退職所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1420.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"デジタルノマドの日本の税金","plainText":"デジタルノマドの日本の課税は、ビザ名ではなく税務上の居住と労働地で決まります。税務上の居住者になる、または日本で働く場合、外国の取引先からの所得でも日本で課税され得え、恒久的施設や条約の論点も生じ得ます。\n税務上の居住・労働地・外国雇用主/取引先・ビザとの区別・恒久的施設の注意。\n課税はビザではなく税務上の居住と労働地で決まる。\n日本での労働は、外国の取引先でも日本源泉。\n税務上の居住者になると課税範囲が広がり得る。\n恒久的施設や条約の論点が生じ得る。\n居住と労働地\nノマドのビザや「ノマド」という呼称は課税を決めません。日本に住所があると認められる、または居住者になるほど滞在すれば、日本の広い課税ルールが適用され、非居住者でも日本で行った労働は日本源泉で課税され得ます。滞在期間と実際の労働地の双方が重要です。\n雇用主・条約のリスク\n外国の雇用主や取引先のために日本で働くと、事業側に恒久的施設の論点、あなたに給与・源泉の欠落が生じ得え、条約が源泉地国の課税権や居住地を変え得ます。「デジタルノマド」という区分はこれらのルールを免除しないため、日本が課税できないと決めつける前に専門家に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"国税庁","title":"居住者・非居住者の区分と課税所得の範囲","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本在住の米国市民の税金","plainText":"米国は市民・グリーンカード保有者の全世界所得に、日本在住中でも課税するため、原則として両国で申告します。外国税額控除と外国所得除外が二重課税を緩和し、日本の口座やファンドは追加の米国報告義務を生じさせ得ます。\n両国申告・全世界所得・控除・除外・条約・口座・投資。\n米国は市民権ベース課税。両国で申告が必要。\n日本で納税しても米国申告は消えない。\nFTC・FEIEは二重課税を緩和するが米国申告で請求。\n日本の口座・ファンドはFBAR・FATCA・PFICの論点を生む。\n両国申告の現実\n日本はあなたを居住者として課税しますが、米国は市民・グリーンカード保有者の全世界所得に、居住地を問わず課税し続けます。したがって毎年、日本の申告と米国の申告を行うのが原則です。外国税額控除と外国所得除外は、日本で既に課税された所得への米国税を軽減・排除し得ますが、申告義務は消えず、結果も常に同じではありません。\n口座・ファンド・専門家\n日本の銀行口座・NISA・投資信託・年金・保険は、米国側で複雑な区分（FBAR・FATCA報告、日本のファンドのPFIC扱いの可能性）を生じさせ、通常の日本の税務ソフトでは扱えません。日本の税理士と、日米案件に精通した米国のCPA・EA・弁護士を組み合わせて使いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion","guide:fbar-for-americans-in-japan","guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"irs-abroad","publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","title":"海外在住の米国市民・居住外国人","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/us-citizens-and-resident-aliens-abroad","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mof-us-japan-treaty","publisher":"財務省","title":"租税条約（日米租税条約を含む）","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/tax_policy/summary/international/tax_convention/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion:ja","entityId":"guide:foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国税額控除とFEIEの比較","plainText":"米国申告では、外国税額控除（FTC）は支払った外国所得税で米国税を相殺し、外国所得除外（FEIE）は一定額の勤労所得を除外します。どちらが有利か、どう併用するかは所得構成と日本の税額により、専門家によるモデル化が必要です。\n相互作用・勤労と受動所得・日本の税額・繰越。\nFTC：外国所得税を米国税から控除（外国税が高いと有利）。\nFEIE：一定額の勤労所得を除外（受動所得は不可）。\n両者は相互作用し、同一所得の二重優遇は不可。\n日本の税は高めでFTCが有効なことが多いが要試算。\n各制度の仕組み\n外国税額控除は、支払った対象の外国所得税の分だけ米国税をそのまま減らし、未使用分は繰り越せます。外国所得除外は、一定額の外国勤労所得（給与・自営）を除外しますが、配当や譲渡益などの受動所得は対象外です。日本の所得税は高めのことが多く、日本在住の米国申告者はFTCに依拠することが多いです。\n選択と併用\n両者は相互作用し、FEIEで除外した所得について同じ外国税をFTCで控除することはできません。最適な組み合わせは、勤労と受動所得の割合、支払った日本の税、児童税額控除などの要素によります。FEIEの選択と後の撤回には影響があります。日米の専門家がまず試算すべき典型的な判断です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"irs-ftc","publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","title":"外国税額控除（米国）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/foreign-tax-credit","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"irs-feie","publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","title":"外国所得控除（FEIE）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/foreign-earned-income-exclusion","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fbar-for-americans-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:fbar-for-americans-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"在日米国人のFBAR","plainText":"FBARは、外国の金融口座を報告する米国の書類（所得税申告とは別）で、年中いずれかの時点で合算残高が基準を超えると必要です。期限は4月15日、自動延長で10月15日で、日本の銀行・証券口座も対象です。\n対象口座・合算基準・提出期限・よくある日本の口座。\nFBARは外国口座の報告で、所得税申告ではない。\n外国口座の合算が基準超で必要。\n期限は4月15日、自動延長で10月15日。\n日本の一般的な銀行・証券口座も対象。\nFBARとは\nFBAR（FinCEN Form 114）は、外国の金融口座を、年中いずれかの時点で合算残高が報告基準を超えた場合に開示する、別個の米国申告です。所得税申告ではなく情報申告ですが、未提出の罰則は大きくなり得ます。日本の一般的な口座（メガバンク・ネット銀行・証券）も合算に含まれます。\n時期と記録\nFBARの期限は4月15日、自動延長で10月15日で、IRSの申告とは別にFinCENへ電子提出します（ただしFATCAのForm 8938が申告書側で別途必要なこともあります）。各口座の最高残高と詳細を記録します。基準と罰則が大きいため、義務は米国の専門家に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/fbar-for-americans-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk","guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"irs-fbar","publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","title":"外国銀行・金融口座報告（FBAR）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/report-of-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts-fbar","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"irs-fatca","publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","title":"外国口座税務コンプライアンス法（FATCA）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations/foreign-account-tax-compliance-act-fatca","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日米租税条約ガイド","plainText":"日米租税条約は課税権を配分し、国際的な配当・利子・年金の源泉税を軽減しますが、セービング条項により原則として米国市民への米国課税を維持します。したがって条約は二重課税を緩和しますが、米国人を米国申告から解放はしません。\nセービング条項・居住・給与・年金・配当・軽減手続き。\n条約は課税権を配分し一部の源泉税率を軽減。\nセービング条項が米国市民への米国課税を維持（例外あり）。\n居住・給与・年金・配当・利子を扱う。\n軽減には届出と手続きが必要。\n条約の役割\n条約は、居住地のタイブレーク、給与・年金・配当・利子などのルールを定め、一定の源泉税率を軽減します。これは外国税額控除と連携して二重課税を防ぎます。ただしセービング条項により、一定の例外を除き、米国は条約の一部が適用されないかのように自国民への課税を続けられます。\n実務での使い方\n条約特典（軽減源泉税など）を受けるには、原則として適格性の届出と手続き要件を満たします。セービング条項とその例外が特定項目（年金など）にどう適用されるかの解釈は専門的です。誤った条約の立場は両国に影響するため、重要な立場は日米案件に精通した専門家に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:double-tax-treaties-explained","guide:foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion"]},"sources":[{"id":"mof-us-japan-treaty","publisher":"財務省","title":"租税条約（日米租税条約を含む）","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/tax_policy/summary/international/tax_convention/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"irs-abroad","publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","title":"海外在住の米国市民・居住外国人","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/us-citizens-and-resident-aliens-abroad","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISA・日本の投信とPFICリスク","plainText":"NISAや日本の投資信託は日本では税制優遇されますが、米国はその優遇を米国納税者に認めず、日本の集合投資はPFIC（重い課税と書類負担の米国制度）扱いになり得ます。米国人は投資前に専門家の助言を受けるべきです。\n日本での税制・米国での非課税不成立・ファンド区分のリスク。\nNISAの非課税は日本の優遇で、米国では認められない。\n日本の投信・ETFは米国納税者にはPFICになり得る。\nPFIC課税は重く書類負担も大きい（Form 8621）。\n米国人は日本のファンド購入前に専門家へ。\n日米のミスマッチ\n日本ではNISAが対象の利益・分配金を非課税にし、投資信託は通常の投資です。米国納税者には、これらは自動では引き継がれません。米国は全世界所得に課税し、NISAの非課税を認めません。さらに、日本の集合投資は米国ルールでしばしばPFIC（受動的外国投資会社）に該当します。\nPFICが重要な理由\nPFIC扱いは、分配金や譲渡益に重い課税と利子を課し得え、詳細な年次報告（Form 8621）を要します。このため多くの日本のファンド、時にNISA保有までもが、米国人には高コストで複雑になります。投資前に、米国納税者はPFICと日本案件に精通した米国のCPA・EA・弁護士に相談すべきです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:fbar-for-americans-in-japan","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"irs-abroad","publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","title":"海外在住の米国市民・居住外国人","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/us-citizens-and-resident-aliens-abroad","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:gift-tax-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:gift-tax-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の贈与税","plainText":"贈与税は、暦年に受けた贈与のうち年110万円の基礎控除（贈与者ごとではなく合計）を超える分に、受贈者が最高55%の累進税率で納めます。申告は原則、翌年2月1日〜3月15日です。\n基礎控除・累進税率・受贈者の納税・申告。\n納税は受贈者。110万円は受贈者ごと・年ごと（贈与者合計）。\n税率は最高55%の累進。\n直系尊属から成人の子への贈与は別の税率表。\n申告は原則、翌年2月1日〜3月15日。\n基礎控除\n暦年課税の贈与税では、受贈者は年110万円まで非課税で受け取れます。重要な点として、この控除は受贈者ごとに贈与者合計に対するもので、贈与者ごとに110万円ずつではありません。控除超過分は最高55%の累進で課税され、直系尊属から成人の子への一定の贈与には別の緩やかな税率表があります。\n申告と記録\n受贈者は、贈与が控除を超える場合、原則翌年2月1日〜3月15日に贈与税を申告します。国外からの贈与、家族間の贈与、相続時精算課税の選択には独自のルールがあり、評価も重要です。贈与者・日付・金額・評価の記録を残し、高額や国際的な贈与は助言を受けましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/gift-tax-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan","guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-gift-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"贈与税がかかる場合","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/zoyo/4402.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の相続税","plainText":"相続税は、基礎控除「3,000万円＋600万円×法定相続人」を超える遺産に課され、申告・納付は原則、相続開始を知った日から10か月以内です。評価・配偶者の税額軽減・生命保険の非課税・小規模宅地等の特例で結果が大きく変わります。\n基礎控除・法定相続人・10か月期限・評価・各種軽減。\n基礎控除：3,000万円＋600万円×法定相続人。\n申告・納付は原則10か月以内。\n配偶者軽減・保険の非課税・小規模宅地で軽減し得る。\n評価・過去の贈与・信託・国外遺産で複雑化。\n基礎控除と期限\n相続税は、基礎控除を超える課税遺産に課されます。基礎控除は3,000万円＋600万円×法定相続人の数で、法定相続人が多い家族ほど控除が大きくなります。相続税の申告・納付は、原則として相続の開始を知った日（通常は死亡の翌日から起算）から10か月以内です。\n軽減と複雑化\n結果は、評価方法、配偶者の税額軽減、生命保険の非課税、小規模宅地等の特例、信託、持ち戻す過去の贈与、国外遺産、世代飛ばしで大きく変わります。不動産や非上場株式は慎重な評価が必要です。10か月の期限は短くルールも複雑なため、早めに税理士を関与させましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/inheritance-tax-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:gift-tax-in-japan","guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","guide:inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-inheritance-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"相続税の計算と基礎控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/sozoku/4152.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"贈与税と相続税の違い","plainText":"贈与税は生前の移転（受贈者ごと年110万円控除）、相続税は死亡時（3,000万円＋600万円×相続人の控除）に課されます。両者は連動し、直近の贈与は相続財産に持ち戻され得るため、相続税を減らす生前贈与には慎重な計画が必要です。\n時期・控除・評価・税率と、対策に助言が必要な理由。\n贈与税＝生前移転、相続税＝死亡時の移転。\n控除と税率構造が異なる。\n直近の贈与は課税遺産に持ち戻され得る。\n相続時精算課税は生前贈与を相続に連動させる。\n比較\n贈与税は生前に行う移転が対象で、受贈者ごと年110万円の控除と最高55%の税率、相続税は死亡時に移る財産が対象で、3,000万円＋600万円×相続人の控除です。将来の遺産を減らすため生前贈与をする人もいますが、両制度は連動しており、単純に相続税を回避することはできません。\n対策に助言が必要な理由\n死亡前の一定期間内の贈与は課税遺産に持ち戻され得え、相続時精算課税を選択すると生前贈与が相続計算に意図的に連動します。評価・時期・家族状況が相互作用します。善意の贈与計画が裏目に出ることもあるため、税理士とモデル化しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:gift-tax-in-japan","guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan","guide:inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-gift-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"贈与税がかかる場合","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/zoyo/4402.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-inheritance-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"相続税の計算と基礎控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/sozoku/4152.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents:ja","entityId":"guide:inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人・非居住者の相続税","plainText":"外国人の場合、日本の相続・贈与税が全世界財産に及ぶか日本所在財産のみかは、被相続人と相続人の住所・国籍・区分によります。事実関係が重く加算税リスクもあるため、専門家の確認が必要な分野です。\n住所と財産所在の論点・国外遺産・条約・専門家への相談。\n課税範囲（全世界か日本所在か）は住所・国籍・区分による。\n被相続人と相続人の双方の状況が影響。\n国外遺産・翻訳・評価が複雑さを増す。\n必ず専門家の確認を要する分野。\n誰の財産が、どこまで\n日本の相続・贈与税が全世界財産に及ぶか日本所在財産のみかは、被相続人/贈与者と相続人/受贈者の双方の住所・国籍・在住歴に紐づく区分によります。近年、一時的な外国人労働者を対象にした改正があり、特定の家族に対する正確な範囲は事実次第で直感に反します。\n早めに相談を\n国外遺産は評価・翻訳・相手国ルールとの調整が必要で、条約の確認も要します。誤りは加算税リスクがあり、10か月の期限は短いです。外国人居住者や非居住者の相続人が関わる場合は、早めに専門家の確認を受けましょう。自力で行う分野ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan","guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-inheritance-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"相続税の計算と基礎控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/sozoku/4152.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"国税庁","title":"居住者・非居住者の区分と課税所得の範囲","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:automobile-taxes-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:automobile-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の自動車関係税","plainText":"車の保有には、毎年の自動車税（4月1日の所有者に春に請求）に加え、購入・車検時の環境性能割・自動車重量税がかかり、金額は排気量・重量・環境性能で変わります。\n保有・取得・重量・車検・環境性能・通知。\n毎年の自動車税は4月1日の所有者に請求。\n取得時に環境性能割。\n購入・車検時に自動車重量税。\n金額は排気量・重量・環境性能で変わる。\n毎年の税と購入時の税\n毎年の自動車税（種別割）は、4月1日時点の所有者に春に請求され、金額は排気量で決まります（軽自動車は軽い体系）。購入時は燃費・排出に応じた環境性能割を払い、自動車重量税は購入時と車検ごとに課されます。\n区分と地域ルール\n環境性能による区分（エコカー）で一部の税が軽減され、軽自動車は地方が扱い金額も低めです。税率やエコカー減税は変わり、賦課は国と地方に分かれます。車種区分と自治体で当年の金額を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/automobile-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:stamp-tax-in-japan","guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyo-automobile-tax","publisher":"東京都主税局","title":"自動車税（種別割）","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/kazei/car.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:stamp-tax-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:stamp-tax-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の印紙税","plainText":"印紙税は、不動産・請負契約、金銭消費貸借契約、高額の領収書など、一定の紙の文書を作成することに、記載金額に応じて課される税です。純粋な電子文書は、課税対象の紙が作成されないため原則対象外です。\n課税文書・契約の区分・記載金額・電子文書。\n一定の紙の文書の作成に課税。\n税額は文書の種類と記載金額による。\n主な課税文書：不動産/請負契約・金銭貸借・高額の領収書。\n純粋な電子文書は原則対象外。\n課税対象\n印紙税は、法律に列挙された特定の紙の文書の作成に課されます。不動産の譲渡・請負契約、金銭消費貸借契約、一定の継続的取引契約、一定額を超える領収書などです。文書に収入印紙を貼って納付します。実質で判断され、契約を「覚書」と呼んでも課税文書なら回避できません。\n電子文書\nこの税は課税対象の紙の文書の作成に関するものであるため、純粋な電子の契約書や領収書は原則、印紙税の対象外です。多くの企業が電子契約に移行した理由の一つです。一定の不動産・請負契約には臨時の軽減税率があります。当年の税額表と、自分の文書が課税対象かを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/stamp-tax-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:automobile-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-stamp-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"印紙税額の一覧表","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7140.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:international-tourist-tax-and-departure-charges:ja","entityId":"guide:international-tourist-tax-and-departure-charges","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"国際観光旅客税と出国時の負担","plainText":"国際観光旅客税は、日本から出国する人に課される出国1回ごとの負担で、通常は航空券等に上乗せして徴収されます。短時間の乗継や幼児など一定の免除があり、利用前に当年のルールを確認してください。\n対象となる出国・免除・航空券での徴収。\n日本からの出国1回ごとの負担。\n通常は航空券等と併せて徴収。\n一定の免除あり（短時間の乗継・幼児など）。\n渡航前に当年のルール・金額を確認。\n適用の仕方\n国際観光旅客税は、日本からの出国に課され、通常は運送事業者が航空券等の代金に含めて徴収するため、多くの旅行者は別手続きなく負担します。航空・船舶で日本を出国する人に広く適用され、居住者・訪日者を問わず、定められた免除の対象を除きます。\n免除と確認\n免除には、一定の短時間の乗継客、ごく幼い子ども、一部の公用や強制的な出国などがあります。税率・免除・徴収の詳細は変わり得るため、渡航日の当年ルールを確認しましょう。まさに、利用前に再確認すべき臨時的な措置です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/international-tourist-tax-and-departure-charges","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-tourist-tax","publisher":"観光庁","title":"国際観光旅客税","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/shisaku/kokusai/kokusaikankokyaku.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant:ja","entityId":"guide:when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"税理士に依頼すべきとき","plainText":"事実関係が重い・リスクが高い場合は税理士に依頼しましょう。居住判定が不確実、複数国に所得や資産、消費税やインボイスの初回判断、不動産売却、相続や高額贈与、税務通知や調査、未申告年、記録不足などです。\n居住判定・国際所得・消費税・不動産売却・相続・通知。\n居住・条約・非永住者の判定が不確実。\n複数国の所得・資産、国外の信託/法人/年金。\n消費税やインボイスの初回判断、法人化。\n不動産売却・相続・高額贈与・税務通知・調査・未申告年。\n明確な相談の合図\n次の場合は速やかに税理士へ。居住・住所・非永住者・条約居住の判定が不確実、複数国に所得や資産、国外の法人・信託・年金・保険が関与、株式報酬が複数国にまたがる、出国税の可能性、取得費資料の乏しい相続・長期保有の不動産、消費税登録やインボイスの判断が近い、家族への給与や法人化を検討する場合です。\n通知・争い・記録不足\n相続・高額贈与・事業承継・非居住相続人がある場合、申告が遅れ・記録が不完全・所得の申告漏れがある場合、国税庁や自治体から照会・更正・調査通知・賦課・督促・差押え予告が出た場合、日本語の制約で自分名義の申告内容を理解できない場合も相談を。依頼前に、現に登録された税理士かを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan","guide:japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"zeirishi-dot-com","publisher":"弁護士ドットコム株式会社","title":"税理士ドットコム","url":"https://www.zeiri4.com/","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の士業・専門家の種類","plainText":"日本の士業は互換性のない別々の業務範囲を持ちます。税理士は規制された税務助言、社労士は労働・社会保険、司法書士は登記、行政書士は行政手続き、弁護士は紛争、米国のCPA/EAは米国の義務を扱います。\n税理士・社労士・司法書士・行政書士・弁護士・FP。\n税理士：規制された税務助言・代理。\n社会保険労務士：雇用・社会保険。\n司法書士：登記など、行政書士：行政手続き。\n弁護士：法的紛争、米国CPA/EA/弁護士：米国の義務。\n各士業の役割\n税理士は、規制された税務助言を行い税務当局に対して代理できる唯一の専門家です。社会保険労務士は雇用・社会保険、司法書士は登記（不動産登記を含む）、行政書士は所定の行政手続き、弁護士は法的紛争を扱います。ファイナンシャルプランナーは資産計画の助言はできますが、税務代理人ではありません。\n連携と確認\n業務範囲は互換性がないため、複雑な案件では複数の専門家が必要になります。例えば米国人の不動産売却なら、税理士、登記の司法書士、米国のCPA/EAが関わり得ます。記帳代行・ソフトのサポート・翻訳者は税理士業務を行えません。依頼前に、登録の有無を確認し、業務範囲・報酬・言語・データの取扱いを確かめましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant","guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"zeirishi-dot-com","publisher":"弁護士ドットコム株式会社","title":"税理士ドットコム","url":"https://www.zeiri4.com/","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-start-investing-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で投資を始める方法","plainText":"まず生活防衛資金を確保し高金利の借金を返済。次に低コストの証券会社でNISAを開き、分散された低コストのインデックス投信を1本買い、無理のない金額で毎月自動積立にします。\n手順を追って解説：生活防衛資金づくり、口座選び、低コスト投信を1本選び、自動積立にするまで。\n投資は、流動性のある貯蓄と高金利借金の返済の「後」です。\n多くの居住者はまずNISAを使い、老後まで固定できる資金はiDeCoが向きます。\n全世界株式インデックス投信1本で、数千社に分散でき、手間はほぼゼロです。\n売却を迫られる月10万円より、続けられる月5,000円のほうが優れています。\n買付を自動化すれば、毎月の判断が不要になります。\nステップ1〜3：投資の前の準備\n何かを買う前に、予見できる支出と緊急時に備えた現金を確保し、カードのリボ残高など高金利の消費者ローンを返済します。相場下落時に、生活費のために投資を売る事態は避けるべきです。判断基準はシンプルです。証券口座に触れずに、数か月分の必須支出をまかなえますか？\n次に、勤務先にマッチング拠出や特に有利な企業年金がないか確認します。放置すれば失う会社の拠出は、自分の口座を先に始めるより有利なことが多いです。その後に、自分の税制優遇口座へ進みます。\nステップ4〜5：口座と証券会社を選ぶ\n多くの居住者の最初の口座はNISA（非課税の投資制度）です。対象の利益・配当は日本の課税が非課税で、年間つみたて枠120万円＋成長投資枠240万円、生涯1,800万円が上限です。iDeCoは、掛金の所得控除と引き換えに老後まで固定できる資金に向きます。これらの枠を超える分は課税の「特定口座」で保有します。\n証券会社は、表面上の最安手数料や一時的なポイント率ではなく、総コスト・商品ラインナップ・税務口座対応・言語・出国時の取扱いで選びます。自分で運用する居住者には、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井がよく比較対象になり、英語対応が明確に確認できるのはインタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券です。\nステップ6〜8：投信を1本買い、自動化する\n長期の基本形は、幅広く分散された低コストの全世界株式インデックス投信1本で、許容できる損失に応じて現金や債券を組み合わせます。全世界株式が必ず勝つからではなく、1本で多くの国・企業に分散でき、手間がかからないためです。\nまず少額で買付し、投信の注文・基準価額・受渡しの仕組みを理解してから、毎月の自動積立を設定します。積立は家計管理と行動面のツールであり、損失を防ぐものではありませんが、毎月の判断をなくし、相場を当てようとする誘惑を減らします。\nステップ9：軽く維持する\nポートフォリオ全体は年1〜2回と大きなライフイベント時に見直し、ニュースのたびには動かしません。可能な限り新規の積立で目標配分に戻し、税務のため年間取引報告書を保管し、収入・家族・在留状況が変わったら計画を再確認します。目的は、常に調整する計画ではなく、大きな下落でも持ち続けられる計画です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/how-to-start-investing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:saving-vs-investing","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:investment-risk-explained"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:saving-vs-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:saving-vs-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本における貯蓄と投資の違い","plainText":"近く使うかもしれないお金は現金・預金で貯め、数年使わず値動きに耐えられるお金だけを投資に回します。各目標を時間軸に合わせることが核心です。\n現金・定期預金・個人向け国債が適する場面と、成長を狙う投資が理にかなう場面。\n貯蓄は安定性と即時の換金性を、投資は不確実性を受け入れて成長の可能性を重視します。\n現金は額面上の損失はないものの、物価上昇が金利を上回ると購買力が下がります。\n短期の目標（おおむね3年未満）は相場ではなく現金・短期預金に置きます。\n銀行預金は1行あたり元本1,000万円まで保護され、外貨預金は通常対象外です。\n生活防衛資金は投資しない——高利回りより「確実さ」が必要です。\n現金から投資までの連続体\nお金は「流動性と安定性が最も高い」ものから「最も低い」ものまで連続しています。普通預金は即時換金と安定性が高い一方、リターンはわずかです。定期預金は期間中の金利を固定して予測可能性を高めますが、途中解約に制限があります。個人向け国債は、政府による元本保証、最低1万円、毎月発行、下限金利の仕組みがありますが、期待リターンは低く、途中換金には調整があります。株式・投信・国債以外の債券・不動産証券などの投資は、期待リターンは高い一方、価値は変動し元本保証はありません。\n適切な手段は「最も高いリターン」ではなく、「いつお金が必要か」と「途中の変動にどれだけ耐えられるか」に合うものです。\n「額面で減らない」＝「無リスク」ではない\n現金は数字が減らないため安全に感じます。しかし物価が2%上がる一方で預金金利がほぼ0%なら、同じ金額で翌年に買えるものは減ります——残高は同じでも、購買力という点では実質的な損失です。このインフレリスクが、長期の資金を投資する主な理由で、成長資産は長期では現金を上回ってきました（今後も続く保証はありません）。\n逆の誤りは、近く使う資金を投資することです。一時的な下落で、悪い価格での売却を迫られます。いずれも「お金と時間軸の不一致」から生じます。\nお金を目標に合わせる——具体例\n3年後に必要な住宅頭金は、通常は現金や短期の安全資産に置きます。購入直前に株式が30%下落すれば致命的だからです。30年後の老後資金は、回復する時間があるため株式の変動に耐えられます。すべての目標に同じ配分を当てるのはよくある誤りです。生活防衛資金・近い目標・長期目標を分け、それぞれに別の手段を使います。\n実務的な分け方：数か月分の生活費と、約3年以内に使う目標資金は預金に。数年間触れない余剰分だけを投資に回します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/saving-vs-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:investment-risk-explained","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared"]},"sources":[{"id":"dic-deposit-insurance","publisher":"預金保険機構","title":"預金保険制度","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mof-jgb-individual","publisher":"財務省","title":"個人向け国債","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/jgbs/individual/kojinmuke/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-risk-explained:ja","entityId":"guide:investment-risk-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"投資リスクの基本","plainText":"リスクは一つではありません。価格変動は一時的な揺れで、恒久的損失は別物です。実務的な問いは「1,000万円が一時的に600万円へ下落しても計画を保てるか」です。\n価格変動と恒久的損失の違い、主なリスクの種類、株式配分を「起こり得る円ベースの損失」に置き換える方法。\n価格変動（一時的な揺れ）は、資本の恒久的損失とは異なります。\nリスク許容度を「耐えられる財務力（キャパシティ）」「感情的な意思」「必要リターン」に分けます。\nポートフォリオは、キャパシティ・意思・必要の「最も低いもの」で制約します。\n全額株式は厳しい相場で約50%下落し得ます。株式60%なら概ね約30%です。\n30%の下落は回復に約43%の上昇が必要——損失と回復は非対称です。\nリスクの主な種類\n市場リスクは価格全体の上下です。個別（企業固有）リスクは特定の発行体の破綻で、分散で軽減できます。信用リスクは借り手の債務不履行です。流動性リスクは、現金が必要なときに適正価格で売れないことです。為替リスクは、為替変動が外貨資産の円価値を変えることです。インフレリスクは、額面上の損失がなくても購買力が失われることです。\n重要な区別：価格変動は反転し得る一時的な価値の変化ですが、恒久的損失（倒産や底値での売却）は取り戻せません。分散と時間は、失敗する集中投資よりも、価格変動に対してはるかに有効です。\nキャパシティ・許容度・必要\nとるべきリスク量を決めるのは3つの別々の考えです。リスクキャパシティは損失に耐える財務的な力で、安定収入のある若手は高く、取り崩し期の退職者は低くなります。リスク許容度は、下落しても計画を捨てずに耐える感情的な意思です。リスク必要度は、目標が実際に必要とするリターンです。\nポートフォリオは通常、この3つのうち最も低いもので制約します。キャパシティは高くても許容度が低く、暴落のたびに売る人は、実質的に低許容度の投資家であり、株式比率をそれに合わせるべきです。\n配分を円ベースの損失に置き換える\n「中程度」「積極的」といったラベルより、具体的な計算のほうが役立ちます。厳しい相場で株式が50%下落すると仮定すると（債券・為替効果を除く）、ポートフォリオの概算下落率は、株式20%→約−10%、40%→約−20%、60%→約−30%、80%→約−40%、100%→約−50%です。\n自分ごとにしましょう。1,000万円（株式60%）が一時的に600万円へ下落したら、計画を捨てて売りますか？回復も非対称で、30%の下落は約43%、50%の下落は100%の上昇で元に戻ります。正直に「売ってしまう」なら、耐えられる想定損失になるまで株式比率を下げます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investment-risk-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:saving-vs-investing","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jipf-protection","publisher":"日本投資者保護基金","title":"日本投資者保護基金","url":"https://jipf.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:diversification-asset-allocation:ja","entityId":"guide:diversification-asset-allocation","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"分散投資と資産配分","plainText":"分散投資は、企業・業種・国・資産クラスに広げ、単一の失敗で沈まないようにします。株式・債券・現金の比率（資産配分）は、似たインデックス投信のどれを選ぶかより重要な判断です。\n企業・国・通貨・資産クラスに分散する仕組みと、銘柄選びより資産配分が重要な理由。\n企業・業種・国・通貨・資産クラスに分散します。\n資産配分（株式・債券・現金の比率）は、銘柄選びよりリスクを左右します。\n全世界株式インデックス投信1本で、すでに数千社に分散されています。\n自国バイアスは、単一通貨・輸出主体の日本経済に偏りがちです。\n分散は企業固有リスクを下げますが、市場全体の下落は消せません。\n分散の各次元\n分散とは、単一の結果に依存しないことです。企業・業種の分散は、1社や1業界の失敗から守ります。国の分散は、単一の経済や政治体制への依存を下げます。通貨の分散は、資産を円だけに結び付けないことです。資産クラス（株式・債券・現金・REIT）の分散は、同時には下落しにくい資産を組み合わせます。\n幅広い全世界株式インデックス投信は、企業・業種・国の次元を1回の購入でカバーします。債券や現金を加えると資産クラスの次元に対応し、全体の変動を下げます。\n配分こそ重要な判断\n株式・債券・現金の比率は、似たインデックス投信のどちらを選ぶかより大きなリスク判断です。全額株式から株式60%へ移すと、厳しい相場の損失が概ね−50%から−30%へ変わります。これは信託報酬0.05%の差よりはるかに大きな効果です。まず時間軸と耐えられる損失に基づいて配分を決め、それを実現する低コスト投信を選びます。\n例として3つの型：保守的な人は債券・現金を多めに株式を少数に、バランス型は成長と安定をおおむね均等に、成長型は主に株式にします。普遍的な正解はなく、暴落時に保てるものが自分にとっての正解です。\n自国バイアスとその限界\n身近なものに過度に投資するのは自然です。日本のみのポートフォリオは、単一の国・通貨環境に集中し、工業・金融・輸出企業に偏った経済にさらされます。将来の支出が円中心なら日本を少し多めにするのは合理的ですが、全世界のコアは多くの経済・業種にリスクを広げます。\n最後に分散の限界です。危機時には相関が高まり、多くの資産が同時に下落し得ます。分散は「単一の保有が計画を壊すリスク」を下げますが、プラスの年を約束するものではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/diversification-asset-allocation","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investment-risk-explained","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compound-growth:ja","entityId":"guide:compound-growth","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"複利の効果をわかりやすく","plainText":"複利とは利益がさらに利益を生むことで、時間と継続的な拠出が大きく効きます。ただし手数料・税金・インフレは実質の結果を静かに削ります。\n利益が利益を生む仕組み、拠出と運用益の違い、手数料・税金・インフレが重要な理由。\n複利は、単発の拠出額より「市場にいる時間」を大きく報います。\n初期は拠出が大半を占め、数十年では運用益が拠出を上回ることがあります。\n名目リターンはインフレを無視します。実際に物を買えるのは実質（インフレ後）リターンです。\n1,000万円への年1%の手数料は複利前で年約10万円——コストも複利で効きます。\nこれは確定的な例示で予測ではありません。実際のリターンは不規則です。\n複利の仕組み\n投資が利益を生み、それを投資に残すと、次の期のリターンはより大きな残高に対して計算されます。年を重ねると雪だるま式に増えます。100万円を一度投資し年複利で放置すると、概算で、3%なら10年後約134万円・20年後181万円・30年後243万円、5%なら約163万・265万・432万円、7%なら約197万・387万・761万円になります。\n傾向として、想定リターンが高いほど、期間が長いほど効き、後半の年ほど寄与が大きくなります。だからこそ、少額でも早く始めることが強力なのです。\n拠出と運用益\n毎月の積立でも同じ効果が現れます。年5%（月複利）と仮定し、毎月末に3万円を積み立てると、概算で10年後約466万円、20年後1,233万円、30年後2,497万円になります。各期間の自分の拠出合計は360万・720万・1,080万円で、初期は残高の大半が自分のお金ですが、30年目には運用益が拠出総額を上回ります。\nだから「強度」より「継続」が勝ります。控えめな額を数十年続ければ成長が主役になりますが、中断と再開は時計を巻き戻します。\n手数料・税金・インフレ\n複利は両刃です。1,000万円への年1%の手数料は初年度で約10万円ですが、そのお金はもう投資されないため、数十年でこのマイナスが複利で大きく膨らみます。これが低コストのインデックス投信や、対象の利益が通常の20.315%課税を免れるNISAのような非課税制度の核心的な根拠です。\n最後に名目と実質を区別します。名目5%でインフレ2%なら、実質の購買力では約3%です。計画では、リターンは「仮定」と明記し、実際に買える力を決める実質値も考えます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/compound-growth","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"一括投資と積立投資","plainText":"一括投資は市場にいる時間を最大化し、既に資金があり長期なら合理的です。数か月に分けると後悔や購入時期の集中を減らせますが、その分は投資されずに残ります。積立は主に家計・行動のツールで、損失を防ぐものではありません。\n一括投資が理にかなう場面、ドルコスト平均法の実際の役割、そして実務的な判断の枠組み。\n今の一括投資は市場への露出を最大化し、長期では経済的に合理的です。\n6〜12か月に分けると、行動面の後悔と購入時期の集中を減らせます。\nドルコスト平均法は安いとき多く・高いとき少なく買いますが、損失は起こり得ます。\n積立は家計・行動のツールで、損失を防ぐ仕組みではありません。\n最適解は、手元資金・時間軸・早期下落への反応で決まります。\n一括投資の根拠\n既に資金があり、長期で、直後の下落に耐えられるなら、一度に全額投資するのは経済的に合理的です。長期では相場は下がるより上がる頻度が高く、投資期間が長いほど有利に働きやすいためです。リスクはタイミングで、大きな下落の直前に全額を入れると、長期的に正しくても心情的につらいものです。\n一括投資は、本当に余剰で長期の資金に最も適します。近く使う可能性のある現金には適さず、この議論に関係なく預金に置くべきです。\n分割投資とドルコスト平均法\n一括を6〜12か月に分けると、単一の悪い価格で全額を入れる確率を下げ、後悔を和らげます。代わりに一部は投資されずに残り、歴史的には即時の一括に劣ることも多いです（相場は下がるより上がるため）。ドルコスト平均法（一定額を繰り返し投資）は、安いとき多く・高いとき少なく自動で買いますが、損失の可能性を消しはしません。\nよくある誤解の訂正：積立は「損失を防ぐ」意味でリスクを下げるものではありません。その真価は行動面・実務面にあり、投資を習慣化し、完璧な買い時を当てる重圧を取り除きます。\n実務的な判断の枠組み\nこの枠組みを使います。既に手元にあり本当に長期の臨時収入（賞与・相続）なら、一括は妥当ですが、早期の急落で売ってしまいそうなら数か月の分割も合理的な妥協です。給与として毎月入るお金なら、稼ぎながら投資する積立が自然です。\n例：投資可能な100万円と20年の時間軸があるなら、一括でも6か月分割でも妥当です。毎月の給与から3万円を投じるのは、継続の習慣そのものです。下落局面でも続けられる方を選びましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:compound-growth","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:investment-risk-explained"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:active-vs-passive-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:active-vs-passive-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"アクティブ運用とパッシブ運用","plainText":"パッシブなインデックス投信は市場を極めて低コストで追随します。アクティブ投信は上回ろうとしますが手数料が高く、費用差引後は下回ることが多いです。多くの初心者は低コストのインデックスを核にし、アクティブは意図的なサテライトとしてのみ加えます。\nインデックス投信・アクティブ運用・個別株選びの違いと、長期の結果でコストと売買回転が重要な理由。\nインデックス（パッシブ）投信は、指数を極めて低コストで追随します。\nアクティブ投信は指数を上回ろうとしますが、手数料が高く売買も多くなります。\n費用と回転を差し引くと、長期では多くのアクティブ投信が指数を下回ります。\n個別株選びはリスクを集中させ、多くの初心者が続けられない調査を要します。\nコア・サテライト戦略は、低コストのインデックスを核にし、アクティブを小さく抑えます。\nインデックス・アクティブ・個別株\nパッシブなインデックス投信は、公表された指数（例：全世界株やS&P500）を追随し、指数構成銘柄を保有することで、あなたのリターンが「市場−わずかな手数料」に近づきます。アクティブ投信は、運用者が銘柄を選び指数を上回ろうとします。個別株選びは、その選択を自分で行うことです。\nトレードオフはコストと結果のばらつきです。インデックスは安価で指数に対し予測可能ですが、アクティブは手数料と売買回転が高く、結果の幅が広く——市場を上回るものもあれば、下回るものも多いです。\nコストと売買回転が重要な理由\n手数料は不利に複利で効きます。信託報酬1.5%と0.1%の差は毎年約1.4%を失うことに相当し、数十年では成長の大きな部分を食います。売買回転が高いと取引コストが増え、NISA外では課税イベントも生じます。アクティブ投信は平均すればコスト前で市場並みを保有するため、高い手数料を差し引くと長期で多くが指数を下回ります。\nこれはアクティブ運用が決して機能しないという主張ではありません（指数を上回る投信もあります）。ただし事前に見分けるのは難しく、コストの重しは確実な逆風です。核となる保有には、透明で低コストのインデックス投信が、より単純で安価な基本形です。\nアクティブが妥当な場面——コアとサテライト\nアクティブな選択は、意図的で限定的な「サテライト」としては妥当です——指数が捉えない露出や、理解して望む戦略などです。規律は、ポートフォリオの大半を低コストのインデックス「コア」に置き、アクティブや個別株の部分を、失敗しても吸収できる規模に抑えることです。\n初心者が最も陥る誤りは逆で、昨年のリターンで投信を選び、重複した高コストのアクティブ商品の寄せ集めになることです。まずコアを決め、それ以外は意図的な例外として扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/active-vs-passive-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:what-is-nisa"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:currency-risk-yen:ja","entityId":"guide:currency-risk-yen","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"円と為替リスク","plainText":"円で保有する外貨資産は「資産価格」と「円相場」の両方で動きます。円安は外貨資産の円価値を押し上げ、円高は押し下げます。全世界型の投信は市場リスクに加えて為替リスクを負います。\n外貨資産が「価格」と「為替」の両方で円ベースの価値を変える仕組みと、円安・円高がリターンをどう変えるか。\n外貨資産の円リターン＝資産価格の変化と為替変動の組み合わせ。\n円安は為替ヘッジなし外貨資産の円価値を上げ、円高は下げます。\n円建てで上場するETFでも、原資産は外貨建ての露出を持ち得ます。\n通貨分散は（円だけに偏らない）長所でもあり、リスクだけではありません。\n両替の為替スプレッドやヘッジなし投信のコストは、確認すべき実在の継続費用です。\n外貨資産を動かす2つの力\n円ベースの投資家が外貨資産（例：米国株式投信）を持つと、円価値は2つで決まります。資産が自国通貨でどう動くか、そして円がその通貨に対しどう動くかです。両者は同方向にも相殺方向にも働きます。米国投信がドルで上昇しても、円高が円ベースの利益を打ち消すこともあれば、円安がドルの利益に上乗せすることもあります。\nだから「ヘッジなし」の全世界型投信は、外貨資産に加えて為替変動の露出を与える、と説明されます。欠点ではなく、購入前に理解すべき「もう一つのリターンとリスクの源泉」です。\n円安・円高のシナリオ\n円換算で100万円相当の外貨資産を考えます。資産価格が横ばいでも、円がその通貨に対し10%安くなれば円価値は約110万円へ、10%高くなれば約90万円へ——資産自体は動いていません。ここ数年は顕著な円安がヘッジなし外貨投信の円リターンを押し上げましたが、将来反転すれば逆に働きます。\n微妙だがよくある混同：日本の取引所で円で売買される投信・ETFでも、その裏では外貨建て資産を保有し得ます。取引通貨と、原資産の経済的な通貨露出は別物です。どう建値されるかではなく、実際に何を保有しているかを確認しましょう。\n為替露出とコストの管理\n選択肢があります。ヘッジなしの全世界資産は通貨分散をもたらし、多くの長期の株式投資家は、資産を円だけに縛られないよう意図的に保持します。為替ヘッジ付き投信は為替変動を抑えますが、コストが増えます。将来の支出に通貨を合わせる人もいます。円で退職・支出するなら、円寄りや部分ヘッジで不一致を減らせます。\nどれを選んでもコストを数えます。円から外貨への両替には為替スプレッドがかかり、ヘッジなし投信は為替変動をそのまま通します。「手数料無料」＝「コスト0」と決めつける前に、各社の両替条件と投信のヘッジ方針を比較しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/currency-risk-yen","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:currency-hedged-vs-unhedged:ja","entityId":"guide:currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"為替ヘッジあり・なしの投信","plainText":"ヘッジ付き投信はデリバティブで為替変動を抑えますが、金利差に連動したコストがかかります。ヘッジは、変動の小さい外国債券には有利なことが多い一方、長期の株式では多くの投資家が通貨分散を保ちます。\n為替ヘッジの仕組みとコスト、そしてヘッジが長期の株式より外国債券に向くことが多い理由。\nヘッジは為替変動を取り除き、リターンが円ベースで資産に沿うようにします。\nヘッジは無料ではなく、コストは主に金利差と実装に依存します。\n外国債券は為替変動がリターンを左右し得るため、ヘッジが妥当なことが多いです。\n長期の株式では、あえてヘッジなしの通貨分散を保つ投資家もいます。\n投信名と方針をよく読む——ヘッジあり・なしが同じブランド名で併存します。\nヘッジの仕組み\nヘッジなしの外貨投信は「資産＋為替」を与えます。為替ヘッジ付き投信は、為替予約などで為替変動の大半を相殺し、円リターンが自国通貨での資産成績により近づくようにします。ヘッジは完全ではなく恒久的でもなく、定期的にロールされます。\n重要な点として、ヘッジのコストは固定の手数料ではありません。円と外貨の金利差に大きく依存し、外貨の短期金利が日本より大幅に高いと、その通貨のヘッジは高くつく傾向があります。このコストは信託報酬とは別に上乗せされます。\n債券と株式\nヘッジの根拠は、為替変動が資産自体のリターンを上回り得る場面で最も強くなります。外国債券は典型例で、期待リターンが控えめなため、大きな為替変動が結果を左右し得ます。外国債券を持つ理由が「円での安定」なら、ヘッジなしは目的に反することがあり、ヘッジ付きのほうが目的に沿いやすいです。\n数十年保有する株式では様相が異なります。株式のリターンは大きく変動も大きいため、通貨は総リスクに占める割合が小さく、多くの長期投資家はあえてヘッジなしの外貨を分散として保ちます——生涯で円自体が弱くなることへの備えです。どちらの選択も普遍的な正解ではありません。\n投信のヘッジ方針を読む\n多くの投信シリーズは、ほぼ同名で「為替ヘッジあり」と「為替ヘッジなし」の両版を提供します。購入前に、どちらを保有するか確認し、目論見書のヘッジ方針を読み、ヘッジ比率やコストが変わり得る点に留意します。\n簡単な円リターンの例：外国債券が自国通貨で3%、円が5%安なら、ヘッジなしの円リターンは概ね8%、ヘッジ版は約3%−ヘッジコストを目指します。逆に円が5%高なら、ヘッジなしは概ね−2%、ヘッジ版は依然約3%−コストを狙います。同じ資産でも円ベースの結果は大きく異なります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:currency-risk-yen","guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:active-vs-passive-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared:ja","entityId":"guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の投資口座を比較する","plainText":"NISAは対象の利益を日本の課税から守り、課税の「特定」「一般」口座はそれ以外を異なる申告方法で保有します。iDeCoや企業年金は税優遇と引き換えに老後まで資金を固定します。これらの多くは同時に保有できます。\nNISA、特定・一般の課税口座、iDeCo、企業年金、預金、個人向け国債と、それらの組み合わせ方。\nNISA：対象の利益が非課税、年360万円・生涯1,800万円——最初に使う口座になりがち。\n特定口座（源泉徴収あり）：証券会社が計算・源泉徴収し、多くは申告不要。\n特定口座（源泉徴収なし）／一般口座：自分で申告し、記録の負担が増えます。\niDeCo：掛金は原則所得控除だが、老後まで引き出せません。\nNISAは課税口座・iDeCo・企業年金・預金・個人向け国債と併用できます。\nNISAと課税口座\nNISAは非課税の「入れ物」で、対象の利益・配当・分配金が日本の課税を免れます。年間つみたて枠120万円＋成長投資枠240万円、生涯の取得価額上限1,800万円です。トレードオフとして、NISAの損失は課税利益と通算できず繰越もできません。商品も限定されます。\n課税口座は3種類です。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は証券会社が損益を計算し源泉徴収するため、多くは申告不要です。源泉徴収なしは年間報告書が出ますが通常は自分で申告します。一般口座は取得価額と課税所得を自分で計算する必要があり、記録の負担が最も大きく、特定口座で扱えない資産に使います。\niDeCo・企業年金・預金\niDeCoは私的な確定拠出年金で、掛金は原則全額所得控除、運用益は課税繰延、受取時に退職・年金控除が適用され得ますが、原則受給年齢まで固定され、最低拠出は通常月5,000円、上限は雇用形態や企業年金の加入状況で変わります。企業型DCや確定給付年金は、会社の拠出と給与連携が加わる一方、商品は会社が選び引き出しに制限があります（2026年12月からの改正で一部のiDeCo上限が拡大——加入時に最新値を確認）。\nこれらの傍らに現金系の手段があります。普通・定期預金（1行あたり元本1,000万円まで保護）、個人向け国債（政府保証・最低1万円・毎月発行・途中換金調整）、海外証券口座やロボアドバイザーです。それぞれ役割があり、いずれも生活防衛資金の代わりにはなりません。\nどの口座を組み合わせられるか\n多くは併用できます。よくある構成は、生活防衛資金を預金に、柔軟な非課税成長のためまずNISA、掛金控除が有利で固定を許容できるならiDeCo、そしてNISA枠超過・対象外資産・損失を活かす戦略・アクティブ取引のための課税の特定口座、です。NISA自体は対象となる日本の金融機関1社で保有します。\n「資産の置き場所」で考えます。長期で成長を見込む資産は非課税枠を有効活用するためNISAへ、超過分・対象外・損失通算を使うポジションは、損益通算が可能な課税口座へ置きます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investment-accounts-japan-compared","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:saving-vs-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"nta-tokutei-account","publisher":"国税庁","title":"特定口座制度","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1476.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mof-jgb-individual","publisher":"財務省","title":"個人向け国債","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/jgbs/individual/kojinmuke/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"dic-deposit-insurance","publisher":"預金保険機構","title":"預金保険制度","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-investments-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の投資にかかる税金","plainText":"課税口座では上場証券の利益と対象配当は通常20.315%課税されます。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は自動精算し、損失は利益と通算し3年間繰り越せます。NISAは対象の利益を全額非課税にします。\n利益・配当への20.315%課税、特定口座の仕組み、損失の繰越、NISAの非課税、外国所得の扱い。\n上場証券の利益と対象配当は、通常20.315%課税されます。\n特定口座（源泉徴収あり）なら、その取引について通常は申告不要です。\n課税口座の損失は対象の利益・配当と通算でき、申告すれば3年繰越可能です。\nNISAは対象の利益・配当を非課税にしますが、NISAの損失は控除に使えません。\n外国配当はNISA内でも源泉地国の課税があり得ます。外国税額控除は申告が必要です。\n税率と口座ごとの扱い\n課税の証券口座では、上場株式・投信の利益と対象配当は通常20.315%（所得税・復興特別所得税・住民税の合計）で課税されます。納め方は口座で決まります。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は証券会社が源泉で計算・徴収するため、その取引は多くの場合申告不要です。源泉徴収なしは年間取引報告書で申告します。一般口座は取得価額と利益を自分で計算します。\nNISAはこの外にあり、対象の利益・配当・分配金は20.315%の日本の課税を免れます。これが制度の中心的な利点です。\n損失・通算・繰越\n課税口座では、対象の上場証券の損失を、対象の利益・配当と通算でき、必要な確定申告をすれば、将来の利益と相殺するため最大3年繰り越せます。この損失救済は、NISAにはない課税口座の実質的な利点です。NISA内で実現した損失は控除に使えず繰越もできないため、NISAで損失を活かした節税（タックスロスハーベスティング）はできません。\n複数の証券会社や一般口座を使う場合、取得価額の記録を自分で残すことが重要です。通算と繰越は、口座をまたいだ正確な申告値に依存するためです。\n外国所得と申告が必要な場面\n外国の配当・利益は、NISA外では日本の課税に加えて源泉地国の課税があり得ます。例えば米国配当はNISA内でも米国の源泉徴収があり得ます——NISAは日本の税を消しますが、外国の税は消しません。外国税額控除で二重課税の一部を和らげられますが、通常は日本での確定申告が必要です。源泉徴収口座は、外国や越境の義務を自動的には解決しません。\n対象のNISA利益は申告不要でも、他の所得・外国の義務・損失通算の希望があれば申告が必要になり得ます。申告した投資所得は、場合により社会保険や扶養の計算に影響します。年間取引報告書と配当明細を保管し、越境税務が絡む場合は個別に専門家へ相談してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/taxes-on-investments-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:what-is-nisa","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:compound-growth"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-share-transfer","publisher":"国税庁","title":"上場株式等の譲渡による所得の課税","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-listed-dividends","publisher":"国税庁","title":"配当金を受け取ったとき（配当所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-loss-carryforward","publisher":"国税庁","title":"上場株式等に係る譲渡損失の損益通算及び繰越控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1474.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-tokutei-account","publisher":"国税庁","title":"特定口座制度","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1476.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-as-foreign-resident:ja","entityId":"guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者として日本で投資する","plainText":"日本に居住する外国籍の人は、通常、証券口座とNISAを開設できます——資格は国籍ではなく在留に基づきます——ただし各社の書類・在留資格・商品方針に従います。日本での資格は母国での申告義務の代わりにはなりません。\n在留と国籍の違い、証券口座・NISAの開設、必要書類、氏名の一致、言語、出国、母国での義務。\nNISAの資格は在留基準：要件を満たす日本居住者は国籍を問わず開設できます。\n通常、在留カード・マイナンバー・氏名が一致する日本の銀行口座が必要です。\nローマ字・カタカナ・書類上の氏名を一致させ、却下や連携失敗を防ぎます。\n必要な各段階（開設・取引・税書類・トラブル・出国）で英語対応を確認します。\n出国前に各社の出国手続を書面で入手。NISAは通常、海外では継続できません。\n国籍ではなく在留\nNISAや日本の証券口座の資格は、日本国籍ではなく「居住者であること」で決まります。要件を満たす在日外国籍の人は、各社の本人確認・在留資格・在留カード・税務上の居住地・制裁・商品方針に従い、課税口座とNISAを開設できます。二重国籍だけでは失格になりませんが、別の国が所得課税や報告を求めることはあります。\n各社の方針は税法より厳しいことがあります。在留カードで完全オンライン完結の会社もあれば、外国籍には郵送手続を要する会社もあります。特定の国籍・制裁対象国との関係・重要な公的地位（PEP）は、強化審査や却下の要因となり、これらの一覧が完全に公表されることはまれです。\n開設：書類と氏名の一致\n一般的な要件は、日本の居住地住所、本人確認書類（マイナンバーカード・在留カード・運転免許証・パスポートの認められた組み合わせ）、マイナンバー、日本および外国の税務上の居住地の申告、本人名義の日本の銀行口座との連携、雇用・インサイダー・資金源の情報です。\n実務で最も多い失敗は氏名の不一致です。ローマ字氏名・カタカナ表記・銀行記録・カード・在留カードを一致させます。ミドルネーム・省略形・順序の違いが、却下や銀行連携の失敗を招きます。在留カードの残存有効期間も確認します。短いと開設が遅れる・できないことがあります。\n言語・出国・母国の税\n必要な段階——開設・取引・税書類・セキュリティ事故・出国——で英語対応を、宣伝ページだけでなく確認します。調査で確認できた中では、インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券が一貫した英語対応が最も確実です。日本の証券会社のブラウザ翻訳は技術的には使えても、法的に有効な書類やサポートは日本語のままのことがあります。\n出国前に各社の出国手続を書面で入手します。NISAは、事前申告した特定の一時出国の場合を除き、非居住者になると通常継続できません。課税口座さえ、会社と渡航先によって維持可否が分かれます。最後に、日本での資格は母国の申告義務の代わりにならない点を忘れずに——国籍課税・租税条約・外国資産報告が別の国で適用され得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investing-as-foreign-resident","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:what-is-nisa","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"米国市民・納税者として日本で投資する","plainText":"米国市民・居住外国人は全世界所得に課税されるためNISAは米国では非課税にならず、人気の日本の投信は懲罰的なPFIC規則とForm 8621を招き得ます。NISAや証券口座はFBARやForm 8938の報告対象にもなり得ます。日本の投信を買う前に越境の助言を受けてください。\nNISAが米国では非課税でない理由、日本の投信のPFIC問題、FBARとForm 8938、そして実務的な進め方。\n米国は市民・グリーンカード保有者に、在日中でも全世界所得課税します。\nNISAは日本の法定非課税で、米国税法の規定ではありません——米国での自動非課税はありません。\n日本の投信はPFICになり得て、ファンドごとのForm 8621や懲罰的課税を招き得ます。\nFBARは外国口座合計が1万米ドル超で必要。Form 8938は別で独自の基準があります。\n多くの米国関係者は米国籍ETFのほうが単純と考えますが、個別助言の後で判断すべきです。\n全世界課税とNISA\n米国市民・居住外国人は、在日中でも通常、全世界所得を米国に申告します。NISAは日本の法定非課税であって米国内国歳入法の規定ではないため、NISA内の配当・利益・分配金も米国では申告・課税対象になり得ます。米国の報告は引き出しの有無に関わらず適用され得て、外国稼得所得控除は通常、稼得所得を対象とし、通常の投資所得は対象外です。\nこれはNISAが米国関係者にとって無価値という意味ではありません——日本の税は消せます——が、米国での扱いは中に何を保有するかに大きく依存し、そこから本当の複雑さが始まります。\n日本の投信のPFIC問題\n日本籍の投信は、主に受動的所得を稼ぐ・受動的資産を保有する外国法人であるため、PFIC（受動的外国投資会社）になり得ます。米国株主はそのファンドごとにForm 8621が必要になり得て、懲罰的な「超過分配」課税や複雑な選択（elections）が適用され得ます。すべての外国投資がPFICではなく——事業会社の株式は通常該当しません——が、人気の日本のインデックス投信は「安全」と決めつけず「要分析」と考えるべきです。\n日本上場のETFにも一律の答えはなく、多くの非米国ファンドはPFIC分析を要します。実務上の帰結として、低コストの日本の投信を買うという初心者の定番が、助言のない米国関係者にとってはまさに誤った最初の一歩になり得ます。\nFBAR・Form 8938・進め方\n通常2つの報告制度が関わります。FBAR（FinCEN Report 114）は、年間のいずれかの時点で米国人の外国金融口座の合計が1万米ドルを超える場合に必要で、NISAを含む日本の銀行・証券・一部のファンド口座が対象になり得ます。Form 8938は別のFATCA申告で、基準と定義が異なります——一方を出しても他方の代わりにはならず、提出自体が納税を意味するわけでもありません。\n実務的な米国関係者の順序：(1) その証券会社が米国人を受け入れるか確認（楽天など、米国人の外国株取引を制限する会社があります）、(2) PFICの扱いを確認するまで日本の投信を買わない、(3) 認められる米国籍ETFや個別証券のほうが単純で適切か検討、(4) 日本の税・米国の税・外国税額控除・源泉徴収・FBAR・Form 8938・遺産税・州の居住地を確認、(5) 明細を円と米ドルの両方で保管。最も安全な最初の一歩は、何かを買う前に越境の商品・報告レビューを行うことです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/us-taxpayers-investing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:what-is-nisa","guide:currency-risk-yen"]},"sources":[{"id":"irs-pfic-8621","publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","title":"Form 8621（PFIC情報申告）について","url":"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-8621","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"irs-form-8938","publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","title":"Form 8938（特定外国金融資産の報告）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations/do-i-need-to-file-form-8938-statement-of-specified-foreign-financial-assets","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fincen-fbar","publisher":"米国金融犯罪取締ネットワーク（FinCEN）","title":"外国銀行・金融口座報告（FBAR）","url":"https://www.fincen.gov/report-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-complete-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-complete-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISA完全ガイド","plainText":"NISAは日本の非課税の「入れ物」で、商品でも保証でもありません。対象の利益・配当を日本の課税から外し、年つみたて枠120万円＋成長投資枠240万円、生涯の取得価額上限1,800万円です。\nNISAとは何か・何でないか、資格、2つの枠、上限、対象商品、税務、売却と再利用、配当、出国まで。\nNISAは投資そのものではなく非課税の入れ物。中の商品でリスクが決まります。\n1月1日時点で18歳以上の日本居住者は、その年に1社でNISAを使えます。\n年間：つみたて120万＋成長240万（合計360万）。生涯：取得価額1,800万（成長枠1,200万まで）。\n対象の利益・配当は無期限で非課税。NISAの損失は控除も繰越もできません。\n売却すると翌年から生涯枠が取得価額で復活——ただしその年に使った年間枠は戻りません。\nNISAとは何か・何でないか\nNISA（少額投資非課税制度）は、金融庁の規則に基づく法定の非課税の入れ物です。投資商品でも預金でも収益保証でもなく、中の投資は損失を出し得ます。唯一の利点は、対象の利益・配当・分配金が通常の20.315%課税を免れ、非課税期間が無期限である点です。\n資格は在留基準で、口座年の1月1日に18歳以上の日本居住者（または恒久的施設のある適格居住者）が開設できます。新規買付ができるNISA金融機関はその年1社のみですが、原則年単位で変更できます。\n2つの枠と上限\nNISAには併用できる2つの枠があります。つみたて投資枠は年120万円までで、FSAのリストにある長期・分散型の投信と対象ETFに限られます。成長投資枠は年240万円までで、対象の上場株式・REIT・ETF・投信など幅広い対象です。合計の年間上限は360万円です。\n生涯上限は取得価額で1,800万円、うち成長投資枠は1,200万円までです。重要なのは、枠の使用が「支払額（取得価額）」で測られ、時価ではない点です。100万円で買い160万円に値上がりしても、生涯枠の使用は100万円のままです。使わなかった年間枠は繰り越せません。\n売却・配当・出国\nNISA保有を売却すると、その取得価額は翌年から生涯枠に復活します——即時ではなく、その年に使った年間枠は戻りません。100万円で買い160万円で売れば復活は100万円（取得価額）で160万円ではありません。100万円で買い60万円で売っても復活は100万円で、40万円の損失はNISA内のため控除に使えません。\n上場株式・ETF・REITの配当を非課税にするには、通常「株式数比例配分方式」を選び、証券口座で受け取る必要があります。銀行受取や配当金領収証では、NISAでも20.315%源泉徴収され得ます。外国配当は源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。出国すると、事前申告した特定の一時出国を除き、NISAは通常継続できません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-complete-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan","faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:nisa-dividends","guide:nisa-when-not-first"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-listed-dividends","publisher":"国税庁","title":"配当金を受け取ったとき（配当所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAの上限と枠の仕組み","plainText":"つみたて枠で年120万円、成長投資枠で年240万円（合計360万円）まで投資でき、生涯上限は取得価額で1,800万円です。よって値上がりが追加の枠を消費することはありません。\nつみたて枠と成長投資枠、年間合計上限、生涯の取得価額上限、そして値上がりが枠を消費しない理由。\nつみたて枠：FSA掲載の長期・分散型投信と対象ETFに、年120万円まで。\n成長投資枠：対象の株式・REIT・ETF・投信に、年240万円まで。\n年間合計上限は360万円。使わなかった年間枠は繰り越せません。\n生涯上限は取得価額で1,800万円、うち成長枠は1,200万円まで。\n枠は「支払額」で測るため、値上がり・値下がりは使用済みの枠を変えません。\n2つの枠\nつみたて投資枠は、着実な長期積立のための枠で、年120万円まで。対象はFSAが選定した低コスト・分散・長期の投信と対象ETFに限られます。均等に配分すると月10万円に相当しますが、ボーナス月設定で配分を変えられます。\n成長投資枠はより広く、年240万円まで。対象の上場株式・REIT・ETF・より広い投信に使えますが、監理・整理銘柄、信託期間20年未満の投信、毎月分配型、一部のデリバティブ多用型は除かれます。両枠は同年に併用でき、対象の投信は枠のどちらでも買えることがあります。\n生涯上限を埋める——5年の例\n両枠を上限まで使うと、取得価額は年360万円ずつ積み上がります。1年目360万、2年目720万、3年目1,080万、4年目1,440万、5年目1,800万で生涯枠が満杯になります。その時点の時価は1,800万円より上でも下でもあり得ますが、法定の基準は常に取得価額です。\n多くの人はここまで速くは拠出しません。要点は、生涯枠は「投資した額」で埋まり「成長後の額」では埋まらないことです。拠出の少ない年の未使用の年間枠は失われ翌年に繰り越されませんが、実際に使うまで生涯枠は影響を受けません。\n値上がりが枠を消費しない理由\n使用は取得価額で測るため、値上がりが追加の枠を食うことはありません。100万円で買った投信が160万円に成長しても、生涯枠の使用は100万円のままで、60万円の利益はすべて非課税の入れ物の中に収まります。この仕組みが、成長を見込む資産にNISAを有効にします。\n逆もまた真です。損失が、拠出額を超えて枠を空けることはありません。その100万円を60万円で売れば、翌年の復活は100万円（取得価額）で、損失は控除できません。だからNISAは成長資産に向き、損失を活かす戦略は損益通算のある課税口座に向きます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-limits-and-allowances","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:what-is-nisa"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-eligible-investments:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-eligible-investments","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAで買えるものは？","plainText":"つみたて枠はFSA掲載の長期・分散型投信と対象ETFに限られ、成長投資枠は対象の上場株式・REIT・ETF・投信を加えます。ただし預金・普通の債券・信用取引・一部のファンド構造は対象外です。対象はFSAリストと証券会社で正確なファンド名により確認します。\n各枠で対象となる投信・株式・ETF・REIT、除外されるもの、そして正確な対象確認の方法。\nつみたて枠：FSAが選定した長期・分散型の投信と対象ETFのみ。\n成長投資枠：対象の上場株式・REIT・ETF・より広い投信。\nNISA対象外：預金、普通の国債・社債、信用取引。\n成長枠の除外：監理・整理銘柄、信託20年未満、毎月分配型、デリバティブ多用型。\n取扱は証券会社ごと。FSAリストと各社で、正確なファンド名・区分を確認します。\nつみたて枠の対象範囲\nつみたて投資枠は、低コスト・長期・分散の投資を促すため、あえて選択肢を絞っています。対象はFSAが選定して公表したリストにある投信と対象ETFで、概ね、費用が妥当で、広く分散され、長期の構造を持つ投信です。直近のFSAの分類では、対象範囲は数百本の投信と少数の対象ETFを含み、インデックス商品の平均信託報酬は低水準でした。\nリストは適合性の観点で選ばれているため、初心者はその中から広範な全世界株式インデックス投信を1本選べば、基本的な長期基準を満たすと考えられます。ただしリストは変わるため、最新版を確認してください。\n成長投資枠と除外\n成長投資枠では、対象の個別上場株式・REIT・ETF・より広い投信を買えます。特定の日本株や（証券会社が認めれば）外国株、J-REIT、つみたてリスト外の投信を買うのはここです。\nNISAを長期投資に沿わせるため、いくつかが除外されます。監理・整理銘柄、信託期間20年未満の投信、毎月分配型、一部のデリバティブ多用型です。両枠を通じて、普通預金・国債・社債・信用取引はNISAの対象外です。\n正確な対象の確認方法\n対象は具体的で証券会社ごとに異なり得るため、思い込みは禁物です。名前が似た2商品でも対象可否が異なり、ある会社ではNISAで買えても別の会社では買えないことがあります。外国ETFは上場しているだけでNISA対象になるわけではありません。\n確認するには、正確なファンド名・区分をFSAの最新リストと照合し、選んだ証券会社が意図した枠で実際に取り扱うかを確認します。米国納税者なら、別の段階を加えます——日本での対象可否は、米国での扱い（PFIC）について何も語りません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-eligible-investments","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-dividends:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-dividends","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAの配当・分配金","plainText":"上場株式・ETF・REITの配当をNISAで非課税にするには、通常「株式数比例配分方式」を選び、証券口座で受け取る必要があります。銀行受取や配当金領収証ではNISAでも20.315%源泉徴収され得て、外国配当は源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。\n株式・ETF・REITの株式数比例配分方式、投信の分配金、外国の源泉徴収、そしてNISAでも課税され得る理由。\n株式・ETF・REITの配当をNISAで非課税にするには「株式数比例配分方式」を選びます。\n銀行振込や配当金領収証での受取は、NISA内でも20.315%源泉徴収され得ます。\n誤った受取方法の配当は、後から確定申告してもNISA非課税にはできません。\n投信の普通分配金は、その別途の選択なしにNISAで非課税です。\n外国（例：米国）配当は、NISAでは消えない源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。\n株式数比例配分方式\nNISAで保有する上場株式・ETF・REITの配当を非課税にするには、通常「株式数比例配分方式」を選ぶ必要があります。これは、保有株数に応じて配当を証券口座へ直接入金する受取方法で、証券会社で設定します。NISAの非課税が適用されるには、この設定が有効である必要があります。\nもし銀行口座・郵便局・配当金領収証で受け取ると、NISAに入っていても通常の20.315%源泉徴収の対象になり得ます。さらに、後から確定申告してもその配当を遡ってNISA非課税にはできません——配当が支払われる前に受取設定を正しくしておく必要があります。\n投信の分配金と特別分配金\n投資信託は扱いが異なります。NISAで保有する投信の普通分配金は、株式のような株式数比例配分方式の別途選択なしに非課税です。支払いがファンドと口座の構造を通るためです。これが、資産形成型のインデックス投信をNISAで持つのが簡単な理由の一つです。\n特別分配金（元本払戻金、いわゆる「特別分配金」）は、そもそも課税されません——所得ではなく、投資した元本の払い戻しとして扱われます——ため、NISAの追加的な恩恵はありません。これが重要なのは主に高分配型の投信で、表面上の分配の一部が自分の元本の返戻であり得ます。\n外国配当と源泉徴収\nNISAが消すのは日本の税であり、外国の税ではありません。外国株は、証券会社が対応し銘柄が対象なら成長投資枠で保有できますが、源泉地国の課税は残り得ます。例えば米国配当はNISA内でも米国の源泉徴収があり得て、そのNISA所得には日本の税がないため、通常の外国税額控除では取り戻せないことがあります。\n外国株・ETFの取扱は証券会社ごとで、米国納税者は同じ所得に米国での別途報告が生じます。外国配当が計画の中心なら、NISAで完全非課税と決めつけず、源泉徴収後の結果で試算してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-dividends","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-listed-dividends","publisher":"国税庁","title":"配当金を受け取ったとき（配当所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAでの売却と枠の再利用","plainText":"NISA保有はいつでも売れます。売却すると翌年から取得価額が生涯枠に復活しますが、その年に使った年間枠は戻りません。\nいつ売れるか、売却が年間枠と生涯枠に与える影響、翌年の復活の仕組みを具体例で解説。\nNISA保有は市場が開いていればいつでも売却でき、ロックアップはありません。\n売却は生涯枠を取得価額で復活させます——即時ではなく翌年から。\n売却しても、その年に使った年間枠は戻りません。\n値上がりでも復活は取得価額のみ。値下がりも復活は取得価額のみで控除不可。\nNISA内のリバランスは可能ですが、買い直すと年間枠を消費します。\nいつ売れるか\nNISAに最低保有期間はありません。流動性と、投信の場合は1日1回の基準価額の注文時間に従い、市場と商品の注文ルールが許せばいつでも売れます。出金は通常の受渡しに従い、約定の数営業日後に現金が届きます。\nこの柔軟性は、原則受給年齢まで固定されるiDeCoとの大きな違いです。ただし柔軟だからと頻繁に売買すべきではありません。NISAの価値は、対象の利益を非課税で成長させ続けるときに複利で効き、不要な売却は取り戻せない年間枠を無駄にします。\n売却が枠に与える影響\n2つの枠は別々に動きます。生涯枠は売却した保有の取得価額で復活しますが、翌年からです。その年に既に使った年間枠は一切戻りません。よって3月に売っても、その年に使った年間枠を同じ年に再投資はできません。\n具体例：100万円で買い160万円に上昇して売却——翌年から生涯枠は100万円（取得価額）増え、160万円ではありません。100万円で買い60万円に下落して売却——復活は100万円で、40万円の損失は控除不可。1月に成長枠240万円を使い切り3月に売っても、その年の成長枠で再び240万円は買えません。\nNISA内のリバランス\nNISA内でリバランス——過大な保有を売り過小な保有を買う——はできますが、買い直しは年間枠を消費し、復活した生涯枠は翌年に戻ります。このため、税効率の良いリバランスは、拠出余力がある限り、売却ではなく新規の拠出を過小資産へ向けることです。\n売って買い直す方法は、新規拠出で大きなズレを直せない場合や、本当にその保有から抜けたい場合に限ります。年末の売却は、復活する枠や金融機関の規則が暦年ベースで動くため、各社の期限を意識して計画してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-selling-and-reuse","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:nisa-common-mistakes","guide:what-is-nisa"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-old-vs-current:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-old-vs-current","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"旧NISAと現行NISA","plainText":"旧NISAの保有は独自の非課税期間を保ち、1,800万円の枠の外にあります。現行制度へは移せないため、非課税期間が終わると通常は売却するか課税口座へ移ります。\n2024年以前の一般・つみたて・ジュニアNISAの資産の扱いと、現行制度へ移せない理由。\n一般NISA・つみたてNISA・ジュニアNISAは、独自の非課税期間を持つ2024年以前の制度です。\n旧資産は現行NISAの生涯上限1,800万円の外にあります。\n旧保有は2024年制度へ直接ロールオーバーできません。\n旧非課税期間が終わると、通常は売却するか課税口座へ移ります。\n現行NISAでの売却・買い直しは、現行枠を使う新規取得です。\n旧制度\n2024年の刷新前は、一般NISA・つみたてNISA・ジュニアNISAの3制度が別々に存在しました。それらで取得した保有は、元の非課税期間に従い続け、現行の生涯上限1,800万円の完全に外にあります。つまり、旧保有は現行NISAの生涯枠を減らさず、現行NISAの拠出は旧保有に影響しません。\nこの分離により、多くの人は両方を持ちます。元の非課税期間を消化中の旧資産と、2024年の規則で新たに拠出する現行NISAです。\n現行NISAへのロールオーバー不可\n旧資産は2024年制度へ直接ロールオーバーできません——一般やつみたてNISAの保有を、非課税のまま現行NISAの生涯枠へ移す橋渡しはありません。旧非課税期間が終わると、投資家は通常、保有を売却するか、適用規則に従い課税口座へ移すことになり、その後の利益は課税対象になります。\n同じ露出を現行NISA内で持ちたい場合、売却（または旧期間の満了）後に、現行NISAで新たに対象商品を買います。その買い直しは、現行の年間枠・生涯枠を使う完全な新規取得です。\n計画と記録\n売却・買い直しは取得価格をリセットし現行枠を使うため、相場のタイミングと取引コストのリスクも生みます——より悪い価格で売買したり、新規資金に使えた現行NISA枠を消費したりします。普遍的な正解はなく、旧期間の終了日、現行枠の余裕、その保有への見方で決まります。\n各旧保有の制度・取得内容・非課税終了日を、現行NISAと分けて明確に記録してください。特に金融機関を変える場合、証券会社の明細が永久に区別してくれるとは限りません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-old-vs-current","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-when-not-first:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-when-not-first","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAは常に最初の一歩か？","plainText":"いいえ。NISAは、生活防衛資金・高金利借金の返済・短期の現金需要・失効する会社拠出・米国納税者の越境税務・差し迫った出国・損失控除に依存する戦略より、自動的に優先すべきではありません。\n生活防衛資金・借金返済・企業制度・iDeCo・米国税務・出国予定などがNISAより先に来るべき場面。\nNISAに拠出する前に、生活防衛資金を作り高金利の借金を返します。\n短く決まった期限までに使うお金は、NISAではなく現金に置きます。\n失効する会社のマッチングや特に有利な企業年金を逃さないようにします。\n米国納税者は、日本の投信を買う前に越境（PFIC・報告）の確認を済ませます。\n近く出国しそう、または損失控除が必要なら、NISAが最初の口座とは限りません。\nまず財務の土台\nNISAは強力ですが、あくまで投資であり、投資は財務の土台の後に来ます。数か月分の必須支出を預金で持つ生活防衛資金は、下落局面で投資の売却を迫られることから守ります。高金利の消費者ローン、特にカードのリボ残高は、投資が確実に稼ぐ以上のコストがかかることが多く、返済は不確実な利益に勝る「確実なリターン」です。\n同様に、短く決まった期限までに使うお金（3年後の住宅頭金、来春の学費）は現金に置くべきです。必要直前の一時的な下落は致命的になり得て、NISAは元本を守りません。\n企業制度とiDeCo\n放置すれば失う会社のお金を確認します。マッチング拠出や特に有利な企業年金は、実質的に無料のリターンであり、自分の口座を先に始めるより有利になり得ます。iDeCoも、掛金の所得控除があなたの所得にとって特に価値が高く、老後までの固定を受け入れられるなら、NISAより優先し得ます——控除は確実で即時の利点で、NISAの利点は時間をかけた非課税成長です。\nこれはiDeCoを最大化せよという規則ではなく、「まずNISA」という基本形が、より価値の高い会社や控除の機会を放置していないことを前提としている、という注意です。\n越境・出国のケース\n2つの状況が通常の順序を逆転させます。米国市民・税務上の居住者は、NISA内で日本の投信を買う前に越境の確認を済ませるべきです。PFIC規則と米国報告により、その「当然の」最初の購入が誤りになり得ます——NISAの日本の非課税は米国の非課税を与えません。また近く出国予定なら、NISAは通常海外で継続できず、後で解消する大きなNISA残高を作るのは合理的でないことがあります。\n最後に、課税利益を相殺するため損失の実現・控除にあえて依存する戦略は、損失が控除にならないNISAでは使えません。これらの場合、正しい最初の一歩は、課税口座・企業制度・現金、あるいは単に専門家への相談であり、NISAではないことがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-when-not-first","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:saving-vs-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-common-mistakes:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-common-mistakes","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAのよくある間違い","plainText":"よくある間違いは、非課税を無リスクと捉える、時価と枠の使用を混同する、誤った方法で配当を受け取る、昨年の成績で投信を選ぶ、誤った証券会社で開く、出国・外国税を無視する、です。\nNISAを無リスクと誤解、上限の誤解、誤った配当受取、成績追随、出国・外国税の見落とし。\n非課税は無リスクではありません。NISAは税を消しますが損失の可能性は消しません。\n枠は時価ではなく取得価額で測ります——値上がりが枠を余計に食うことはありません。\n株式・ETF・REITの配当は、株式数比例配分方式でないと非課税になりません。\n直近の成績で投信を選ばず、重複商品で複雑にしないでください。\n出国、そして米国納税者ならPFICと外国税の規則を、購入前に計画してください。\nリスクと上限の誤解\n最初の間違いは感情面です。税優遇だからとNISAを安全と捉えることです。NISAは入れ物にすぎず、中の投資は他と同様に下落し、非課税の30%の損失も30%の損失です。株式の露出は、枠の大きさではなく、下落局面で耐えられる水準に合わせます。\n2つ目は仕組みの面です。時価と枠の使用を混同することです。枠は取得価額で測るため、2倍になった保有は追加の枠を使っておらず、時価1,800万円まで「上乗せ」はできません。関連する誤りに、未使用の年間枠の繰越を期待する（できません）、売却後の即時の枠復活を期待する（翌年・取得価額で戻ります）があります。\n商品と配当の間違い\nよくある配当の間違いは、株式・ETF・REITの配当を、株式数比例配分方式ではなく銀行口座や配当金領収証で受け取ることです。これはNISAでも20.315%源泉徴収を招き、後の申告では直せません。配当が支払われる前に受取方法を設定してください。\n商品選びでは、昨年の成績で投信を選ばないこと。直近の成績は将来の相対結果の根拠として不確実で、上位の投信も翌年は劣後し得ます。同様に、重複するテーマ投信を多数入れて複雑にしないこと。広範な低コストのインデックス投信1本で、重複が少なく低コストに核を担えることが多いです。\n出国と外国税の間違い\n2つの構造的な間違いが大きな問題を招きます。1つ目は出国規則の無視です。NISAは、事前申告した特定の一時的ケースを除き、出国後は通常継続できません。出国計画なしに大きなNISA残高を作ると、厄介な解消を迫られます。各社の出国手続を早めに書面で入手してください。\n2つ目は米国納税者の落とし穴です。PFICの扱いと米国報告を確認せずにNISAで日本の投信を買うことです。NISAの日本の非課税は米国の非課税を与えず、「単純な」インデックス投信がForm 8621の義務を生み得ます。米国関係者なら、最初の日本の投信購入前に越境の確認を済ませてください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-common-mistakes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan","faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-dividends","guide:nisa-when-not-first","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokerage-failure-protection:ja","entityId":"guide:brokerage-failure-protection","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"証券会社が破綻したらどうなる？","plainText":"日本の証券会社は顧客資産を自社資産と分別管理する義務があり、破綻時も通常は返還されます。分別管理が機能しなかった場合、日本投資者保護基金が適格な顧客に最大1,000万円を補償します——ただしどちらも市場の損失は守りません。\n分別管理、日本投資者保護基金の1,000万円上限、保護される・されないもの、登録の確認方法。\n証券会社は法律で、顧客資産を自社資産と分別管理する必要があります。\n分別管理が保たれたまま破綻すれば、顧客資産は通常、全額返還されます。\n分別管理が機能しなかった場合、日本投資者保護基金が適格顧客に最大1,000万円を補償します。\nどちらの保護も、市場の損失・発行体の債務不履行・価格下落は対象外です。\n入金前に、FSAの登録業者一覧（およびJSDA会員）で会社を確認します。\n分別管理\n主な保護は構造的なものです。日本の証券会社は、顧客資産（現金と有価証券）を自社資産と分別管理する義務があります。あなたの保有は会社の財産ではないため、分別管理が適切に保たれたまま会社が破綻しても、資産は通常、破綻に巻き込まれず返還されるか、別の機関へ移管されます。\nこれは、銀行への貸付にあたる預金とは大きく異なります。適切に運営された証券会社では、株式や投信はあなたのもので、会社は保管者・仲介者にすぎません。\n日本投資者保護基金\n分別管理は、詐欺や誤りにより、まれに機能しないことがあります。その残余リスクのために日本投資者保護基金（JIPF）があります。分別管理の失敗で顧客資産を返還できない場合、JIPFは適格な顧客に最大1,000万円を補償します。これは保管制度の失敗に対する備えであり、あらゆる損失の通常保険ではありません。\n重要な点として、JIPFは通常の市場の損失、保有債券の発行体の債務不履行、投信の価格下落を補償しません。投資が単に値下がりした場合、それは投資リスクであり、投資者保護の範囲外です。\n会社の確認方法\n保護は、正規に登録された会社を前提とします。入金前に、FSAの金融商品取引業者の登録一覧、該当すればJSDAの会員一覧で会社を確認します。登録は営業の法的な認可を示すもので、運用成績や商品の妥当性を保証しません。\n現代の重要な注意：正規の証券会社の登録があっても、それを名乗るSNSアカウントやウェブサイトが正規とは限りません。詐欺師はブランド名を複製し実在の会社になりすまします。資金や書類を送る前に、見覚えのある名前だけでなく、本物の登録された事業体と取引していることを確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokerage-failure-protection","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investor-deposit-protection","guide:check-broker-license-and-scams","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"jipf-protection","publisher":"日本投資者保護基金","title":"日本投資者保護基金","url":"https://jipf.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"dic-deposit-insurance","publisher":"預金保険機構","title":"預金保険制度","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investor-deposit-protection:ja","entityId":"guide:investor-deposit-protection","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本での投資・預金の保護","plainText":"証券は主に分別管理と1,000万円の日本投資者保護基金で守られ、銀行預金は1行あたり元本1,000万円まで預金保険で守られます。外貨預金や暗号資産は通常、別扱いです。\n証券の分別管理・投資者保護基金と、銀行の預金保険、外貨預金、ファンド構造、暗号資産の違い。\n証券：会社から分別管理され、保管失敗の不足はJIPFが最大1,000万円まで補償。\n銀行預金：利息付き普通預金は1行あたり元本1,000万円＋利息まで保護。\n無利息の決済用預金は、預金保険で別（より手厚い）保護を受けます。\n外貨預金は通常、通常の預金保険の対象外です。\nファンド資産は信託構造の中で分別。暗号資産は証券のようには保護されません。\n証券の保護\n証券会社で保有する投資は、主に分別管理で守られます。現金と有価証券は会社の資産と分けて保管され、会社の破綻で失われないようにされます。分別管理が失敗し資産を返還できない場合、日本投資者保護基金が適格顧客1人あたり最大1,000万円を補償します。どちらも市場の損失には対応しません。\nファンド（投資信託）の資産には独自の層があります。信託構造の中で分別され、運用会社や販売会社とは別の受託者が保管します。よって運用会社に問題が起きても、ファンドの原資産は会社の財産ではありません——ただし業務の混乱や、常に市場の損失は起こり得ます。\n銀行預金の保護\n銀行預金は別の制度、預金保険を使います。利息付きの普通預金は、1金融機関・1預金者あたり元本1,000万円まで、加えて破綻日までの利息が保護されます。決済用の無利息預金は、規則により別のより手厚い保護を受けます。1,000万円の上限は1行あたりのため、大きな残高を複数行に分けると保護が変わります。\n重要な抜け穴：外貨預金は通常、通常の預金保険の対象外です。銀行に多額の外貨残高を持つ場合、1,000万円の預金保険がそれに適用されると決めつけないでください。\n暗号資産の違い\n暗号資産はこれらの枠組みの外にあります。投資者保護基金による証券のような保護も、預金保険による預金のような保護もありません。登録された日本の暗号資産交換業者は独自の保管・分別義務を負いますが、その保護は証券や銀行の保護と同等ではなく、暗号資産は極端な変動・保管・税務報告の複雑さを伴います。\n実務上の要点：期待を「入れ物」に合わせることです。預金は保険付きの現金、証券は保管の備えを持つ分別された投資、暗号資産は別の高リスクの分類です。これらの保護は、損をした投資を守られた投資に変えません——対象は機関の破綻であり、市場の結果ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investor-deposit-protection","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:brokerage-failure-protection","guide:check-broker-license-and-scams","guide:saving-vs-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"jipf-protection","publisher":"日本投資者保護基金","title":"日本投資者保護基金","url":"https://jipf.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"dic-deposit-insurance","publisher":"預金保険機構","title":"預金保険制度","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:check-broker-license-and-scams:ja","entityId":"guide:check-broker-license-and-scams","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"証券会社の登録確認と詐欺対策","plainText":"入金前に、FSAの登録業者一覧とJSDA会員で会社を確認し、ブランドと法人を区別し、未承諾のSNS「アドバイザー」・遠隔操作ソフトの要求・クローンサイトは詐欺として扱います。\nFSA登録とJSDA会員での確認、ブランドと法人の区別、クローンサイト・SNS詐欺の見分け方、口座のセキュリティ。\nFSAの金融商品取引業者の登録一覧、該当時はJSDA会員で会社を確認します。\n登録は法的認可の証明で、運用の質や、その名を使うSNSアカウントの正当性の証明ではありません。\nクローンサイトや、実在する登録会社へのなりすましに注意します。\n未承諾の「投資アドバイザー」のために遠隔操作ソフトを絶対にインストールしないこと。\n固有のパスワード・多要素認証・出金先ロック・取引アラートを使います。\n登録の確認\n資金や本人確認書類を送る前に、会社が本当に登録されているか確認します。FSAは金融商品取引業者の登録一覧を、日本証券業協会（JSDA）は会員一覧を維持しています。該当する登録簿で見つからない会社や、確認を省くよう圧力をかける会社は危険信号です。\nブランドと法人を区別します。宣伝名・アプリ名・グループのブランドは、実際に免許を持つ登録法人と異なることがあります。見慣れたロゴや似た響きの名前を信じず、口座書類の正確な法人名を登録簿と照合してください。\nクローンサイトとSNS詐欺\n正規の証券登録があっても、それを名乗るあらゆるアカウントが正規とは限りません。よくある詐欺には、実在の会社のブランドを複製したクローンサイト、異常なリターンを約束するSNSの「投資グループ」やダイレクトメッセージの「アドバイザー」、著名な会社やその社員へのなりすましがあります。実在の登録会社は完全に正規でも、その名を使う偽ページは詐欺です。\n最も危険な要求は、「アドバイザー」が取引を「手伝う」・お金を「取り戻す」ために遠隔操作ソフトをインストールさせることです——これは端末と口座を明け渡します。絶対に行わないでください。高リターン保証・緊急性・資金を急いで動かす圧力は典型的な警告サインです。会社には、公式に公表された連絡先からのみ連絡してください。\n口座セキュリティの基本\n良い運用セキュリティは、フィッシングや乗っ取りの被害を減らします。使い回さない固有のパスワードを使い、多要素認証を有効にし、出金先ロックで事前登録した口座にのみ資金が出るようにします。取引・ログインのアラートを有効にし、端末とログイン履歴を定期的に確認します。\nフィッシングに警戒します。正規の会社が、メールやメッセージでパスワード全体やワンタイムコードを尋ねることはありません。不正な操作に気づいたら、直ちに公式チャネルで会社に連絡し、認証情報を変更し、証拠を保全します。早い報告は損失を抑える可能性を高めます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/check-broker-license-and-scams","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:brokerage-failure-protection","guide:investor-deposit-protection","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jipf-protection","publisher":"日本投資者保護基金","title":"日本投資者保護基金","url":"https://jipf.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-products-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:investment-products-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の投資商品","plainText":"主な商品は個別株・投資信託・ETF・債券・REIT・ロボアドバイザー・暗号資産です。多くの初心者は低コストで分散された投信1本を核にし、それ以外は意図的な追加とします。\n株式・投資信託・ETF・債券・REIT・ロボアドバイザー・暗号資産の概要と、選ぶための順序。\n投資信託は資金をまとめて分散運用し、しばしば100円から自動積立で買えます。\nETFは取引所で日中売買。個別株は1社の所有です。\n債券・国債は収入と安定を、REITは株式並みの変動で不動産の露出を与えます。\nロボアドは手数料で配分を自動化。暗号資産はNISA外で極端なリスクです。\n投信は資産クラス・露出・指数・対象可否・分散・コストで評価し、過去の成績は最後です。\n主な商品カテゴリー\n個別株は1社の直接所有で、企業固有リスクが最も高いです。投資信託は多数の投資家の資金をまとめ、定めた方針で分散運用する商品で、ネット証券では100円から自動積立で買えることが多いです。ETFは取引所で日中の価格で売買される投信で、指値注文や持ち運びが可能な一方、売買スプレッドや、外国ETFなら両替を自分で扱う必要があります。\n債券（個人向け国債を含む）は利息と相対的な安定を与え、REIT（不動産投資信託）は不動産の露出を与えますが、株式並みの変動と金利感応度を持ちます。ロボアドバイザーは手数料で配分とリバランスを自動化します。暗号資産はNISAの完全に外にあり、極端な変動と保管・税務の複雑さを伴います。\n商品選びの順序\n投信・ETFは、直近のチャートではなく順序で評価します。(1) 資産クラスは適切か。(2) 地域・通貨の露出は適切か。(3) ベンチマークは透明か。(4) 想定口座（例：NISA）で対象か。(5) 十分に分散され運用上も成り立つか。(6) 信託報酬・取引コスト・トラッキング差異・税の漏れ・スプレッド・両替コストは。(7) 分配方針は。(8) 証券会社で自動買付できるか。(9) 母国の税制で問題が生じないか。\n(10) で初めて過去の成績を、しかも一致する期間でベンチマークと比較して見ます。過去のリターン単独は妥当な推奨基準ではありません。市場・ファクター・通貨がたまたま良かったために輝くことがあり、将来の相対リターンについてはほとんど語りません。\n次に読むべきもの\nここから各カテゴリーの詳細へ進めます。投信の比較方法、インデックス投信とETF、日本と全世界、日本株と米国株、高配当投資、REITなどです。口座・税のページは、それらの商品が入る「入れ物」を説明します。\n一貫したテーマは、単一の「最良」商品を選ぶより、入れ物（NISA・iDeCo・課税）と資産配分のほうが重要ということです。まず口座と株式・債券の比率を決め、低コストで透明な対象商品で実装します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investment-products-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:reits-japan","guide:active-vs-passive-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"mof-jgb-individual","publisher":"財務省","title":"個人向け国債","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/jgbs/individual/kojinmuke/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-compare-funds:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-compare-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"投資信託の比べ方","plainText":"ベンチマーク・総コスト・トラッキング差異・純資産・分配方針・通貨/ヘッジ・NISA対象で比べます。将来の相対結果の手がかりとして不確実な「昨年のリターン」では比べません。\nベンチマーク・信託報酬・その他コスト・トラッキング差異・規模・分配・通貨・NISA対象、そして直近の成績だけでは不十分な理由。\nまずベンチマーク：異なる指数を追う2本は比較できません。\n総コスト＝信託報酬＋売買・保管・投資対象・スプレッド・税のコスト。\nトラッキング差異は、定めた期間でのファンドのリターン−ベンチマーク。\n大きく定着した投信（純資産）は繰上償還・運用リスクを下げます。分配と通貨方針を確認。\nNISA対象は正確なファンド名・区分で確認。直近の成績は最後まで見ません。\nベンチマークとコスト\nまずベンチマークから。S&P500を追う投信と全世界指数を追う投信は別の問いに答えており、リターンを直接比べても意味がありません。各投信がどの指数を追い、その露出が自分の望むものかを確認します。\n次に、表面の信託報酬だけでなく総コストを比べます。総コストには、売買コスト・保管・（ファンド・オブ・ファンズなら）投資対象ファンドの費用・売買スプレッド・税の漏れが含まれます。競争的な日本のインデックス投信では信託報酬は非常に低く、小さな差でも数十年で複利で効きますが、ベンチマーク・追随・構造が異なるなら最安が自動的に最良とは限りません。\nトラッキング差異・規模・分配\nトラッキング差異は、定めた期間でのファンドのリターン−ベンチマークのリターンで、コスト差引後に指数をどれだけ忠実に再現するかの実務的な指標です。同じベンチマークの2本でも、手数料・税の漏れ・現金保有・サンプリング・売買・指数の慣行で差が出ます。一致する期間と一貫したリターンの基準で比べます。\n純資産（AUM）も重要です。大きく定着した投信は、繰上償還や運用上の負担に直面しにくいです。分配方針を確認し（多くの日本のインデックス投信は収益を内部で再投資し、長期の資産形成に向きます）、通貨・ヘッジ方針も確認します。ヘッジなしの外貨投信は為替リスクを持つためです。\n対象確認と、成績を最後に見る理由\nNISA対象は、正確なファンド名・区分をFSAリストと証券会社で確認し、意図した枠で自動買付できるかを確認します。米国納税者は、日本での対象可否に関わらず、別途PFICの段階を加えます。\nこれらすべての後に、初めて過去の成績を、しかも一致する期間でベンチマークと比較して見ます。「昨年最良の投信」を選ぶのは典型的な誤りです。直近の好成績は将来の相対リターンの予測として不確実で、上位の投信も翌年は劣後し得ます。成績は、投信が指数を妥当に追随しているかの確認に使い、投信同士を順位付けするためには使いません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/how-to-compare-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investment-products-japan","guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:nisa-eligible-investments"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:index-funds-vs-etfs:ja","entityId":"guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"インデックス投信とETF","plainText":"インデックス投信は1日1回の価格で、100円から、積立が容易で長期の資産形成に向きます。ETFは指値で日中売買でき、大口や特殊な保有では割安なこともありますが、スプレッド・手動の再投資・（外国ETFなら）通貨と税の複雑さが加わります。\n価格の決まり方・最低額・積立・スプレッド・分配・両替・税務の複雑さを比較。\n投信：1日1回の基準価額、多くは100円から、積立が最も簡単、収益は通常内部留保。\nETF：日中の市場価格、指値可、ただし売買スプレッドは自己負担。\nETFは現金を分配することが多く、再投資は証券会社が対応しない限り手動になりがち。\n外国ETFは直接の両替が必要になり得て、外国源泉徴収の複雑さが加わります。\n自動の長期積立は投信が簡単。ETFは日中の裁量や大口取引に向きます。\n価格・最低額・自動化\nインデックス投信は、注文締切後に算出される基準価額で1日1回価格が決まるため、注文時に表示された価格で約定するわけではありません。ネット証券では最低100円のことが多く、毎月の自動積立も簡単で、着実な資産形成の自然な手段になります。\nETFは取引所で日中の市場価格で売買されるため、指値注文で買値を管理できます。代わりに売買スプレッドをコストとして負担し、自動積立は一部の証券会社にありますが、投信ほど普遍的ではありません。\n分配と通貨\n分配の挙動が異なります。多くの日本のインデックス投信は収益をファンド内で内部留保・再投資し、自動で複利が効き、長期保有を簡単にします。ETFは現金を分配することが多く、証券会社が自動再投資に対応しない限り、分配のたびに手動で再投資する必要があります——小さいながら継続的な手間です。\n通貨がもう一層加わります。円建て投信は両替をファンド内に内包します。外国ETFは、円を外貨へ直接両替する必要があり為替スプレッドがかかり、外国の分配は源泉地国の課税を伴い得ます。円建ての投資家にとって、これらの運用・税務の細部は、わずかな手数料差を上回ることがよくあります。\nどちらが向くか\nNISAで毎月積み立てる多くの初心者には、インデックス投信が簡単です。100円から、容易な自動化、内包された再投資、スプレッドや手動両替なし。だから標準の初心者の道は低コストのインデックス投信1本を中心にします。\nETFは、日中の裁量・指値・持ち運び・投信にない特殊な露出・大口取引での低コストを望むときに活きます。多くの投資家は両方を使い——自動の核に投信、特定のサテライトにETF——どちらが普遍的に優れると断じるより、目的ごとに選びます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/index-funds-vs-etfs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:investment-products-japan","guide:currency-risk-yen","guide:us-stocks-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"nta-listed-dividends","publisher":"国税庁","title":"配当金を受け取ったとき（配当所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-vs-global-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-vs-global-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本と全世界の投資","plainText":"日本のみは1国・1通貨・輸出/工業中心の市場に集中します。全世界は多くの経済・業種に分散する一方、通貨と地政学のばらつきが加わります。多くの投資家は全世界を核にし、日本の上乗せは任意です。\n国・通貨の集中、業種の違い、身近さの偏り、円建て負債との対応、それぞれの役割。\n日本のみは1つの経済・主に円・輸出/工業/金融寄りにさらされます。\n全世界は多くの経済・通貨、より広い技術/ヘルスケア/消費に分散します。\n身近さの偏りで、分散の理屈以上に自国市場が安全に感じられます。\n円の自国寄りは将来の円支出に合いやすく、全世界は総リスクをよく分散します。\nよくある構成は、全世界を核に、任意で控えめな日本の上乗せです。\n集中と通貨\n核心の違いは幅です。日本のみは、結果を1つの経済・1つの政治規制体制・主に円に結び付けます。全世界は多くの経済・通貨を保有し、単一の国の運不運が支配しません。経済や通貨の数という点で、全世界は単純により分散されています。\n業種構成も続きます。日本市場は工業・金融・輸出の露出が大きく、全世界指数はより広い技術・ヘルスケア・消費を加えます。どちらが「良い」ではありませんが、挙動が異なり、一方だけを持つとその一つのプロファイルにさらされます。\n身近さの偏りと円建て負債\n知っているものを過大に持つのは自然です。身近さで自国株が安全に感じられますが、安心は分散ではありません——馴染みの銘柄だけでも高度に集中し得ます。自国バイアスを認識することが、既定ではなく意図的に配分する第一歩です。\nある程度の日本寄りには正当な理由があります。将来の支出——家賃・教育・老後——が円なら、円建て資産はその負債により直接対応し、通貨の不一致を減らします。これは日本や円の露出を一部持つ理由であり、全世界の分散を捨てる理由ではありません。\n妥当な役割\n広く使われる構成は、全世界（オールカントリー）株式を核の分散とし、任意で控えめな日本の上乗せや円連動の部分を、自国支出に合わせて組み合わせるものです。これは広範な成長を取り込みつつ、円で暮らし支出する現実を認めます。\nどちらを選んでも、全世界の主な追加リスク——外貨・地政学・バリュエーションのばらつき——と、日本のみの主なリスク——自国集中——を覚えておきます。判断は、どちらの市場が勝つかの予測ではなく、目標に合わせてどのリスクを持つ方が良いかです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/japan-vs-global-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks","guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:currency-risk-yen"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks:ja","entityId":"guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本株への投資","plainText":"日本株は東京証券取引所で単元（通常100株）で売買されますが、単元未満株サービスで少なく買えます。広い露出はTOPIXやNikkei 225で得られ、対象銘柄はNISAの成長投資枠で持てます。\n東京証券取引所、売買単位と単元未満株、TOPIXとNikkei、配当と株主優待、NISA。\n株式は東証で通常100株単位で売買。単元未満株サービスで少額購入も可能。\nTOPIXは広く時価総額加重、Nikkei 225は株価加重でより集中的です。\n日本企業は配当を払い、一部は株主優待を提供します。\n対象の個別株はNISAの成長投資枠に入り、つみたて枠には入りません。\n個別株は企業固有リスクを集中させ、広い投信はそれを分散します。\n取引所と売買単位\n日本の上場株式は東京証券取引所で、通常100株の単元で売買されるため、株価3,000円なら1単元は30万円です。少額で投資するため、多くの証券会社は単元未満株サービスを提供し、1単元未満で買えますが、価格や対象銘柄は会社ごとに異なります。\n注文は成行（利用可能な価格で速やかに約定）か指値（指定価格以上でのみ約定）です。違いの理解は重要で、成行は約定しやすいが価格は不確実、指値は価格を管理できるが約定しないことがあります。\nTOPIX・Nikkei・配当・優待\n広い日本株の露出には2つの指数が主流です。TOPIXは市場の広い範囲を時価総額加重で捉えます。Nikkei 225は株価加重で、少数の高株価銘柄に集中するため、両者は挙動が異なり得ます。インデックス投信・ETFが各々を追随し、日本の露出を求める多くの投資家は個別株選びより広い市場の投信を使います。\n日本企業は一般に配当を払い、多くが株主優待（物品・金券・割引）を提供します。優待は魅力的ですが投資判断を左右すべきではありません。券より、原資産の事業の経済性とバリュエーションのほうがはるかに重要です。\nNISAと投資方法の選択\n対象の個別日本株は、つみたて枠（選定投信専用）ではなくNISAの成長投資枠で買えます。広い日本のインデックス投信・ETFは、対象可否により両枠のいずれにも入り得ます。配当をNISAで非課税に保つには株式数比例配分方式が必要です。\n個別株を選ぶなら、分散された核の上に意図的で限定的な部分として扱います——事業の経済性・ガバナンス・財務・バリュエーションのファンダメンタル分析は難しく、1社が恒久的損失を被り得ます。よくある誤りは、勤務先の株や少数の馴染みブランドにポートフォリオ全体を集中させることです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investing-in-japanese-stocks","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:investment-products-japan","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:active-vs-passive-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:us-stocks-from-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:us-stocks-from-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本から米国株に投資する","plainText":"主要な証券会社は米国株・ETFに対応します。円をドルに両替し（為替スプレッド）、手数料を払い（課税口座は多くが0.495%・上限22米ドル、対象のNISA商品は0円）、米国配当はNISAでも米国で源泉徴収されます。米国納税者は別途米国での報告が生じます。\n証券会社の対応、円からドルへの両替、手数料、配当と源泉徴収、NISA、米国納税者の注意点。\nSBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・IBKR証券が米国株・ETFに対応。取扱銘柄は会社ごとに異なります。\n円をドルに両替し為替スプレッドを負担。リアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社もあります。\n課税口座の米国株手数料は多くが0.495%・上限22米ドル。NISA対象の米国商品は0円のことも。\n米国配当はNISA内でも米国で源泉徴収されます。NISAが消すのは日本の税だけです。\n米国納税者は別途米国での報告が生じ、一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を制限します。\n証券会社の対応とコスト\n日本からの米国株・ETF購入は、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券などで十分対応していますが、取扱銘柄の一覧は会社ごとに異なります。購入には通常、円を米ドルに両替し為替スプレッドがかかります。リアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社もありますが、思い込まず現行の両替条件を確認してください。\n手数料は、課税口座で約定代金の約0.495%・上限約22米ドルとする会社が複数あります。NISA対象の米国株・ETFは手数料0円のことも。いつも通り「手数料無料」は「コスト0」ではありません。スプレッド・市場/規制手数料・両替は残ります。\n配当・源泉徴収・NISA\n米国配当は米国の源泉徴収を伴い、NISAで保有していても残ります——NISAが消すのは日本の税で米国の税ではありません。そのNISA所得には日本の税がないため、通常の外国税額控除では米国の源泉徴収を取り戻せないことがあり、NISAで米国配当が完全非課税と決めつけず、源泉徴収後の利回りで試算してください。\nNISA外では、米国配当・利益は米国の源泉徴収の可能性と日本の税の両方に直面し、日本での確定申告で外国税額控除を受けられます。対象の米国株・ETFは、証券会社が対応すればNISAの成長投資枠で持てますが、商品ごとに対象可否を確認してください。\n米国納税者と越境の注意\n米国市民・グリーンカード保有者・その他の米国納税者は、日本での扱いに関わらず米国（およびすべて）の投資所得について別途米国で報告し、一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を制限します——例えば楽天は米国人が同社の外国株商品を取引できないとしています。これらは商業・規制上の方針で、普遍的なNISAの規則ではありません。\n米国人には、米国籍ETFや個別証券のほうが、PFIC問題を避けられるため日本の投信より単純なことが多いです——ただし米国の税・外国税額控除・FBAR・Form 8938・米国所在資産の遺産税を含む個別の越境助言の後で判断すべきです。明細は円と米ドルの両方で保管してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/us-stocks-from-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:currency-risk-yen","guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","guide:japan-vs-global-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"nta-listed-dividends","publisher":"国税庁","title":"配当金を受け取ったとき（配当所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sbi-fees","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: fees","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-fees","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: fees","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/commission/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:high-dividend-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:high-dividend-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本での高配当投資","plainText":"高い配当利回りは自動的に安全でも有利でもありません。株価下落や持続不能な配当を反映することがあり、高配当戦略は業種を集中させます。利回りだけでなくトータルリターンに注目し、税務に留意します。\n配当利回りと利回りの罠、業種集中、トータルリターンと分配、税・NISAの考慮点。\n配当利回り＝配当÷株価。株価下落は機械的に利回りを上げます（利回りの罠）。\n高配当の投信・ETFは、成熟した配当支払い業種に集中しがちです。\nトータルリターン（価格変化＋分配）は、表面利回りより重要です。\n分配はタダのお金ではありません——支払時に資産価値は通常下方調整されます。\nNISAでは、株式・ETF・REITの配当は株式数比例配分方式でないと非課税になりません。\n利回りと利回りの罠\n配当利回りは、年間配当を株価で割ったものです。分母が株価のため、株価が下がっただけで利回りは上がります——ときに市場が減配を予想しているサインです。これが典型的な「利回りの罠」で、最高利回りを追うと、高利回りが寛大さではなく問題を反映する企業に入り込みかねません。\nよって高利回りは安全の証拠ではありません。今どれだけ大きく見えるかではなく、配当が利益とキャッシュフローから持続可能かを評価します。健全な事業の、無理のない中程度の配当は、苦境の企業の表面利回りよりはるかに信頼できます。\n集中とトータルリターン\n高配当の投信・ETFは利回りでスクリーニングするため、成熟した配当支払い業種に集中し、低利回りの成長分野から離れがちです。これは意図しないファクター・業種の偏りを生みます——「高配当」投信は、市場の一部への実質アクティブな賭けであり、中立で分散された保有ではありません。\nより有用な視点はトータルリターン、すなわち価格変化と分配の合計です。分配はタダのリターンではありません——投信や企業が払い出すと、その分だけ価値は通常下方調整され、収益と元本は表裏一体です。長期の資産形成では、収益を内部で再投資する広い投信のほうが、高分配戦略より単純に複利が効きます。\n税・NISA・退職の誤解\n収益戦略には税が効きます。NISA外では配当は通常20.315%課税され、頻繁な分配は繰り返し課税イベントを生みます。NISA内では、株式・ETF・REITの配当を非課税にするには株式数比例配分方式が必要で、外国配当は源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。\n最後に、配当で退職資金をまかなうべきという誤解があります。高配当証券だけに頼るとリスクが集中し、利回りの罠に陥りかねません。トータルリターンの考え方——分散したポートフォリオを持ち、必要に応じて少しずつ売る——は、収益追求より頑健で分散されることが多いです。収益には役割がありますが、自動的に安全ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/high-dividend-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-dividends","guide:investment-products-japan","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:reits-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"nta-listed-dividends","publisher":"国税庁","title":"配当金を受け取ったとき（配当所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:reits-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:reits-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"REITファンドとJ-REIT","plainText":"REITは収益不動産を保有する上場信託で、不動産の露出と収益を与えますが、株式並みの変動を持ち金利とレバレッジに敏感です。安全な債券の代わりではなく、サテライトの保有です。\nREITとは何か、日本と全世界、金利感応度、レバレッジと不動産リスク、ポートフォリオでの役割。\nREIT（不動産投資信託）は収益不動産を保有し、株式のように売買されます。\nJ-REITは日本、全世界REIT投信は外国不動産と通貨露出を加えます。\nREITは金利に敏感で、金利上昇はしばしば価格を圧迫します。\nレバレッジと不動産セクターの集中が、通常の株式を超えるリスクを加えます。\nREITは分散と収益のサテライトとして扱い、安全な債券の代わりにしません。\nREITとは\nREIT（不動産投資信託）は、収益不動産——オフィス・商業・物流・住宅・ホテル——を保有・運用し、賃料収入を投資家に渡す上場または非上場の信託です。取引所（J-REIT）やファンドを通じて売買されるため、建物を直接買うコストや流動性の低さなしに不動産の露出を得られます。\nREITは、個別の上場J-REIT、広いJ-REIT ETF、またはREITファンド（日本または全世界）で保有できます。全世界REIT投信は外国不動産を加え、ヘッジなしのため不動産リスクの上に外貨露出も加わります。\n金利感応度・レバレッジ・変動\nREITは金利に著しく敏感です。借入に依存し、収益が市場利回りに対して評価されるため、金利上昇はしばしばREIT価格を圧迫し、低下は支えになり得ます。この金利連動により、REITは広い株式が安定していても下落し得て、その逆もあります。\nまたレバレッジ（不動産購入のための借入）を使い、特定の不動産セクターに集中し得て、どちらもリスクを増幅します。実際にREITは株式並みの変動を示し、大きな下落を被り得ます。収益志向ですが、その収益は現実の元本リスクを伴います。\nポートフォリオでの役割\nよくある誤りは、REITを安全で債券のような収益源と捉えることです。そうではありません。株式並みの変動と金利感応度により、REITは安定の錨ではなく成長/収益資産です。ポートフォリオの変動を下げる・円建て負債に合わせるのが目的なら、それは安全な債券や現金の役割で、REITは代わりになりません。\n意図的に使えば、控えめなREIT配分は分散（不動産のリターンは広い株式と同一ではない）と収益をポートフォリオに加えられます。サテライトとして配分し、金利とレバレッジのリスクを理解し、NISAで持つなら対象可否と配当の受取方法を確認します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/reits-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:high-dividend-investing","guide:investment-products-japan","guide:diversification-asset-allocation"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"nta-listed-dividends","publisher":"国税庁","title":"配当金を受け取ったとき（配当所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ideco-complete-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:ideco-complete-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"iDeCo完全ガイド","plainText":"iDeCoは私的な確定拠出年金で、掛金は原則全額所得控除、運用益は課税繰延です。代わりに受給年齢まで資金を固定します。上限は雇用形態と企業年金の加入状況で変わります。\n加入資格、拠出限度、3つの税制優遇、商品ラインナップ、手数料、引き出し制限、今後の改正。\n3つの税制優遇：掛金の所得控除、運用益の課税繰延、受取時の退職・年金控除。\n最低掛金は通常月5,000円・1,000円単位。上限は年金の区分で変わります。\n資金は原則受給年齢まで固定——緊急の引き出しは不可。\n運営管理機関のメニューから選択。口座・商品の手数料に注意。\n2026年12月からの改正で一部上限が拡大——加入時に最新値を確認。\n3つの税制優遇\niDeCo（個人型確定拠出年金）は、3つの税制優遇を持つ私的な確定拠出年金です。第一に、掛金は原則全額所得控除となり、その年の所得税・住民税を減らします——限界税率に応じて効く、即時で確実な利点です。第二に、運用益は当年課税なしで積み上がります（課税繰延）。第三に、最終的に受け取る際に退職・年金控除が適用され得ます。\nこの掛金控除が、高所得者でiDeCoをNISAより優先させ得る理由です。NISAの利点は非課税成長で、iDeCoは今日の確実な控除を加えます。トレードオフは流動性で、以下で述べます。\n加入資格・上限・手数料\n大半の就労世代の居住者が加入できますが、拠出上限は年金の区分によります——自営業（第1号）、会社員（第2号）、被扶養配偶者（第3号）で上限が異なり、勤務先の確定拠出・確定給付の制度はiDeCoの枠を減らし得ます。最低掛金は通常月5,000円・1,000円単位です。\n運用は運営管理機関のメニュー——通常は低コストのインデックス投信に加え、ターゲットデートや元本確保型——から行います。手数料に注意します。iDeCoは投信の費用に加え、口座管理・事務の手数料がかかるため、低コストの運営管理機関と低コストの投信が数十年の期間で効きます。\n引き出し制限と今後の改正\n決定的な制約はロックアップです。iDeCoの資金は原則受給年齢まで引き出せず、緊急の引き出しはできません。だからiDeCoは退職前に使わないと確信できる資金に向き、完全に柔軟なNISAが一般の貯蓄では先に来がちです。勤務先制度との関係や受取時の課税も重要で、受け取り方（一時金か年金か）で適用される控除が変わります。\n規則は変わります。2026年12月からの改正で一部の拠出上限が拡大します。その時期に加入する人は、改正前の数値ではなく実施後の数値を確認し、勤務先制度との関係も確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/ideco-complete-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:nisa-when-not-first","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jps-pension-system","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"National Pension system","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/nationalpension/nationalpension.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jps-employees-pension","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Employees’ Pension Insurance","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/employeespension/employee.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japanese-government-bonds:ja","entityId":"guide:japanese-government-bonds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"個人向け国債","plainText":"個人向け国債は固定3年・固定5年・変動10年があり、最低1万円・毎月発行・政府による元本保証・下限金利付きです。1年経過後に、直前2回分の利子相当額を差し引いて中途換金できます。\n固定3年・固定5年・変動10年の個人向け国債——最低額・利息・中途換金、預金や債券投信との比較。\n3種類：固定3年・固定5年・変動10年（金利は市場金利で見直し）。\n最低1万円、毎月発行、下限金利（フロア）付き。\n元本は政府により保護され、利子は課税対象です。\n中途換金は1年経過後に可能で、直前2回分の利子相当額を差し引きます。\n国債は安定志向の資金に向きます。期待リターンは低く、インフレが実質価値を削ります。\n3つの種類\n個人向け国債は3種類あります。固定3年・固定5年は期間中の金利を固定し、予測可能な利息を与えます。変動10年は市場金利に応じて定期的に金利を見直すため、利息は時とともに上下し得ます。3種類とも毎月発行されるため、特別な募集を待つ必要はありません。\n財務省の公式資料は、最低1万円と下限金利（フロア）の仕組みを定めており、市場金利が非常に低くても金利は定められた下限を下回りません。利子は通常どおり課税されます。\n元本と中途換金\n重要な特徴は、元本が政府により保護されることです。満期には1万円単位の元本が全額戻ります。中途換金は1年保有後に可能ですが、ペナルティがあります——直前2回分の利子相当額が受取額から差し引かれます。よって国債は1年経過後は換金可能で、コストは小さめです。\nこの組み合わせ——政府保証の元本・小さな最低額・毎月発行・金利フロア——により、個人向け国債は保守的な商品になります。ただし期待リターンは低く、すべての円建て固定資産と同様にインフレリスクを持ちます。物価が利息より速く上がれば、実質購買力は下がり得ます。\n国債と預金・債券投信の比較\n定期預金と比べ、国債は預金保険の1行1,000万円の上限を超える政府保証と毎月の入手性を持ちますが、定期預金は同等以上の金利や簡単な仕組みを提供し得ます。債券投信と比べ、満期保有なら国債は市場価格の変動がなく手数料もありませんが、債券投信は価格が変動し、より長い年限や外国債券を保有し得て、通貨や運用者の考慮が加わります。\n国債はNISAの対象外です。NISAは、普通の国債ではなく株式・投信・対象の上場証券のためのものです。個人向け国債は、政府レベルの安全性とそこそこの流動性を求める資金の安定手段と考え、成長のエンジンとは考えないでください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/japanese-government-bonds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:saving-vs-investing","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:investment-products-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mof-jgb-individual","publisher":"財務省","title":"個人向け国債","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/jgbs/individual/kojinmuke/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"dic-deposit-insurance","publisher":"預金保険機構","title":"預金保険制度","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:credit-card-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:credit-card-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のクレカ積立","plainText":"クレカ積立は、提携カードで毎月の投信積立（通常月10万円まで）を決済しポイントを得られますが、価値はカード年会費と利用条件に大きく左右されます。還元からカードコストを差し引いて計算し、ポイント目当てで誤った投信を選ばないでください。\nクレカ積立の仕組み、月間上限、還元率とカード年会費、対象ファンド、実質価値の計算方法。\n提携クレジットカードで毎月の投信積立を決済。上限は通常月10万円程度。\n還元率はカードで異なり、しばしば年間の非投資利用額やプレミアムカードの年会費に依存します。\n月10万円に対する1%還元は年12,000円——年会費33,000円で容易に相殺されます。\n対象ファンド・証券会社は個別。対応会社ではNISA内でクレカ積立が可能。\nポイントは手数料の割戻しであり投資の根拠ではありません。投信選びは単独で成り立つ必要があります。\nクレカ積立の仕組み\n複数の証券会社では、毎月の投信積立を、銀行からの現金ではなく指定の提携クレジットカードで決済できます——これが「クレカ積立」です。投資額に対しカードのポイントが付き、対応会社ではNISA内で買付できることも多いです。月額は通常10万円程度が上限です。\n主なエコシステムに、SBI×SMBC/Oliveカード、楽天証券×楽天カード、マネックス×dカード、三菱UFJ eスマート×MUFGカードやau PAYカード、PayPay証券×PayPayカードがあります。各社は証券会社とカードプログラムを組み合わせ、還元の仕組みは大きく異なります。\n還元率とカード年会費\n還元率こそ宣伝が複雑になる部分です。公表される率は、一部の基本カードでほぼ0から、プレミアムカードで大幅に高い率まで幅があり、しばしばカードの年間非投資利用額、カードの区分、初年度のキャンペーンといった条件に依存します。報告例には、標準カードで約0.5%、プレミアムカードでより高い率（約1〜2%以上まで）、そして継続率ではない目を引く初年度・キャンペーン率があります。\n継続率を一時的・初年度のボーナスと分け、常にカードの年会費を差し引きます。宣伝された上限は条件付きのマーケティングであり、毎月実際に得られる率ではないと捉えてください。\n実質価値の計算\n決める前に計算します。月10万円に対する1%還元は年12,000円です。その還元だけのために年会費33,000円を払うのは、カードの他の特典がどのみち使う本物の価値を少なくともあと21,000円提供しない限り不合理です。原則：還元−カード年会費−本来しない追加利用、で計算します。\nそしてポイントに投資を決めさせないこと。ポイントは手数料の小さな割戻しで、劣った投信や計画に合わない投信を買う理由ではありません。まず口座・配分・投信を選び、その上で既に価値を感じるカードがたまたま良い積立率を提供するなら、ポイントは控えめなボーナスとして扱います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/credit-card-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:robo-advisors-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-card-investment","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: card-investment","url":"https://go.sbisec.co.jp/prd/fund/creditcard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-card-investment","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: card-investment","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/fund/saving/card.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"monex-card-investment","publisher":"Monex Securities","title":"Monex Securities: card-investment","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/fund/card-tsumitate/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:robo-advisors-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:robo-advisors-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のロボアドバイザー","plainText":"ロボアドバイザーは、手数料（多くは年約1%）で資産配分とリバランスを自動化しますが、自分で運用するインデックス投信よりはるかに高コストです。悪い行動を防ぐ、または継続コストに見合う計画を提供するときに最も正当化されます。\nロボアドバイザーの役割、手数料の層、NISAでの実装、そして自分で行うインデックス投資との比較。\nロボアドは配分・リバランス、時に税務機能を手数料で自動化します。\n助言手数料は多くが年約1%——加えて投資対象のETF/投信の費用がかかります。\n1,000万円への1%手数料は複利前で年約10万円——数十年では大きなマイナスです。\nNISAの実装は様々：両枠対応、成長枠のみ、連携ファンド経由のみ、など。\nロボアドは、行動を変える・自分ではしない計画を提供するときに最も正当化されます。\nロボアドバイザーの役割\nロボアドバイザーは、目標とリスク許容度を尋ね、分散されたポートフォリオ——通常はETF——を構築して自動維持し、配分・定期的なリバランス・時に税務管理機能を担います。魅力は手軽さで、継続的な判断とリバランスの規律を委ねられます。\n日本のサービスには、ウェルスナビ、SUSTEN、ON COMPASS、THEO、FOLIO ROBOPRO、楽天ラップなどがあります。戦略・手数料体系・NISAの実装が異なり、互換ではありません。\n手数料の層\n核心のトレードオフはコストです。ロボアドは通常、助言（ラップ）手数料——多くは年約1%——を、保有する投資対象ETF・投信の費用に上乗せして徴収します。よって総コストは助言手数料＋商品コストです。公表される手数料体系は幅広く、より低いものや成功報酬型もあります。特定のサービスは現行の数値を確認してください。\n複利により影響は大きくなります。1,000万円への年1%の助言手数料は、複利前・投資対象コスト前で年約10万円で、数十年ではこのマイナスがリターンの大きな部分を食い得ます。自分で運用する低コストのインデックス投信は、その一部のコストで済みます。\nNISAと、ロボアド対自分で運用\nNISAの実装はサービスで異なります。両枠対応、参加機関での成長枠のみ、主な一任口座ではなく連携ファンド経由で間接的にNISAを実装するもの——これは分かりにくい——などです。拠出が税制優遇されると決めつける前に、サービスがNISAをどう使うかを正確に確認してください。\nロボアドは、悪い行動（狼狽売り、リバランスをしない）を防ぐ、一人では維持しない配分を実装する、または本当に手数料に見合う計画を提供するときに最も正当化されます。広い低コストのインデックス投信を1本買って放置できるなら、自分で運用する方法が、同じ分散の大半を一部のコストで得られます。正直な問いは、その自動化と行動管理が、あなたにとって継続手数料に見合うかどうかです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/robo-advisors-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:credit-card-investing","guide:compound-growth"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:global-equity-funds:ja","entityId":"guide:global-equity-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"全世界株式ファンド","plainText":"全世界株式ファンドは1本で多くの国の株式を保有します。オールカントリー版は先進国・新興国・日本を含み、長期の株式の核を1本で担えます。\nオールカントリーと先進国のみ、日本の有無、新興国、コスト、向く人。\nオールカントリーは先進国・新興国・日本株を1本に含みます。\n先進国のみ版は新興国（時に日本も）を除きます——正確な指数を確認。\n広い全世界1本で、数千社に分散でき手間は最小です。\n多くはヘッジなしで、株式リスクに加え円の為替リスクを持ちます。\n昨年のリターンではなく、指数・コスト・追随・純資産で比べます。\nオールカントリーと先進国のみ\n全世界株式ファンドには大きく2種類あります。オールカントリー（MSCI ACWI型の指数）は、先進国・新興国・日本をまとめて保有し、時価総額で世界の上場株式全体を保有するのに近い1本です。先進国のみのファンドは新興国を除き、一部の先進国指数は日本も除くため、それらを別途加える必要があります。\n簡潔さを求める初心者には、オールカントリーが最もすっきりした株式の核です。新興国や日本の比率を自分で管理したいなら、先進国のみ＋別配分も可能ですが手間が増えます。\nコスト・通貨・取扱\n競争的な日本の全世界株式インデックス投信は信託報酬が非常に低く、複数のシリーズに著名な低コストの選択肢があります。差が小さいため、トラッキング差異（コスト差引後にどれだけ忠実に指数を再現するか）と純資産（大きいほど繰上償還リスクが低い）も重視します。\n多くの全世界ファンドはヘッジなしで、円リターンは世界株式の成績と円相場の両方を反映します。この為替露出は多くの長期投資家にとって意図的な分散ですが、購入前に理解します。取扱は会社ごとで、正確なファンドとNISA対象を証券会社で確認します。\nポートフォリオでの役割\n全世界1本は、既に時価総額で世界を保有するため、株式配分の全体を担えます。それが全体になるかは、安定のために債券や現金も必要かによります。全世界に分散しても全額株式は厳しい相場で約50%下落し得ます。耐えられる損失に応じて安全資産と組み合わせます。\n全世界1本は自己分散し手間がかからないため、多くの初心者はその上に2本目の株式ファンドを必要としません。S&P500や日本ファンドを併せ持つのは、多くが重複するか比率を傾けるもので、追加の分散ではなく意図的な選択です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/global-equity-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:all-country-vs-sp500","guide:us-equity-funds","guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:how-to-compare-funds"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:us-equity-funds:ja","entityId":"guide:us-equity-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"S&P500・米国株式ファンド","plainText":"米国株式ファンドは1国の市場に集中します。S&P500は米国大型株、全体型は中小型も加えます。いずれも米国集中と、円建て投資家には為替リスクを伴います。\nS&P500と米国全体、主要な日本の投信、米国集中、為替リスク、NISA対応。\nS&P500は米国大型株、全体型は中小型も含みます。\n低コストの日本の投信がS&P500を追随（Vanguardベースの構造もあり）。\n米国型は企業には分散でも、1国・1つのバリュエーション体制に集中します。\nヘッジなしの米国型は、米国株リスクに円の為替リスクを加えます。\n対象の米国株式投信はNISAに適合。正確なファンドと枠を証券会社で確認。\nS&P500と米国全体\nS&P500は米国の大型企業約500社を追い、最も一般的な米国株の指数です。米国全体型は中小型を含むより広い範囲を対象とします。長期では大型株が支配的なため両者は似た挙動ですが、全体型は米国内でわずかに分散されます。\nどちらも米国のみです。米国企業・業種には優れた分散ですが、国の分散はなく、結果は1つの経済と1つのバリュエーション体制に大きく依存します。米国集中は中立の既定ではなく意図的な選択です。\nファンド・通貨・NISA\n複数の低コストの日本の投信がS&P500を追い、一部はVanguard関連の構造を使います。いつも通り、直近のリターンで選ばず、正確な指数・総コスト（ファンド・オブ・ファンズなら投資対象費用を含む）・追随・純資産を比べます。\n多くはヘッジなしで、円高は円ベースの米国の利益を打ち消し、円安は上乗せし得ます。対象の米国株式投信は、商品によりNISAのつみたて枠か成長投資枠に入ります。対象可否と積立対応を確認します。米国納税者はPFICの扱いを別途確認します。\n文脈で見る米国集中\n米国株式ファンドは、米国企業が主導し続けるという賭けです。歴史的に米国は大きく強い市場でしたが、永遠に上回る国はなく、長い好成績の後に買うことは同じ先行きを期待する理由になりません。米国ファンドは、1つの経済に依存する快適さに合わせて配分する意図的な集中と捉えます。\n多くの投資家は、米国ファンドを全体ではなく全世界コアの上乗せとして持ちます。既にオールカントリーを持つなら、S&P500を加えるのは主に米国比率を高めることで、分散の追加ではありません——意図するなら妥当ですが、その効果を理解してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/us-equity-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:all-country-vs-sp500","guide:global-equity-funds","guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:currency-risk-yen"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:all-country-vs-sp500:ja","entityId":"guide:all-country-vs-sp500","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"オールカントリーとS&P500","plainText":"オールカントリーは米国・日本を含む多くの国に分散し、S&P500は米国大型株に集中します。選択は全世界の分散か意図的な米国への賭けかで、両方持つと米国露出が大きく重複します。\n各々の対象、集中度、通貨露出、コスト、重複、そして向く投資家。\nオールカントリー≈時価総額で世界の上場株式全体（米国が既に最大部分）。\nS&P500＝米国大型株のみで、1国への集中が高い。\n米国が世界指数の約6割超のため、両方持つと大きく重複します。\nオールカントリーは通貨・国の分散を加え、S&P500は1国のバリュエーションへの賭け。\n直近の成績で選ばない——それは1つの体制の反映で将来ではありません。\n各々の対象\nオールカントリーは、先進国・新興国・日本の企業を時価総額で保有します。米国企業が世界の時価総額で最大の割合を占めるため、米国は既にオールカントリーの最大の単一構成要素で、しばしば半分を大きく超えます。S&P500は米国大型株のみを保有します。\nよって実際の違いは非米国部分です。オールカントリーは、S&P500が除く日本・欧州・その他先進国・新興国を加えます。両方持つと、同じ米国大型株を二重に買うことが大半で、オールカントリーからの真の追加は小さめの非米国露出です。\nどちらが向くか\n手間をかけず1本で全世界に分散したく、1国に賭けたくないならオールカントリー。意図的に米国集中を望み単一国リスクを受け入れるならS&P500。普遍的な正解はなく、直近の米国の優位は信頼できる理由ではありません——1つの歴史的体制の反映です。\n重複の注意が最も重要です。オールカントリーとS&P500を両方買っても分散は倍になりません。世界に対して米国を過大にするだけです。世界の比率以上に米国を持ちたいなら妥当な選択ですが、重複ファンドを偶然積み重ねるのではなく意図的に行ってください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/all-country-vs-sp500","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:global-equity-funds","guide:us-equity-funds","guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:diversification-asset-allocation"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-equity-funds:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-equity-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本株式ファンド","plainText":"日本株式ファンドは、TOPIX（広く時価総額加重）やNikkei225（株価加重でより集中的）で国内株を追います。全世界の完全なポートフォリオではなく、日本配分や自国寄りに向きます。\nTOPIXとNikkei225、広い市場とアクティブ、自国集中、全世界の中での役割。\nTOPIXは広い時価総額加重、Nikkei225は株価加重で集中的です。\n広い市場のインデックスは低コスト、アクティブ日本株は高コストで結果はばらつきます。\n日本のみは1国・通貨・業種構成に集中します。\n日本株は円建てで、外国ファンドより直接的に円建て負債に対応します。\n多くの投資家は日本を全世界の一部として使い、全体にはしません。\nTOPIXとNikkei225\n日本の代表的な2指数は構成が異なります。TOPIXは広く時価総額加重で、市場の広い範囲を対象とし、大企業ほど比重が大きくなります。Nikkei225は225銘柄の株価加重で、企業規模に関わらず高株価銘柄が支配し、より集中的でTOPIXと異なる挙動になることがあります。\n広く中立な日本の露出には、通常TOPIX型が簡単です。Nikkei225型は人気で広く追随されますが、その指数特有の構成の癖を反映します。\n集中とポートフォリオでの役割\n広い市場の日本インデックスは低コストで国内で分散され、アクティブ日本株は指数超えを狙うも高コストで結果の幅が広いです。いずれにせよ、日本のみは1国・円・日本の工業/金融/輸出寄りの業種構成に集中します。\n多くの全世界投資家にとって妥当な役割は、分散されたポートフォリオの中の日本の部分、または将来の円支出により合う控えめな自国寄りで、株式配分の全体ではありません。オールカントリーは既に時価総額比で日本を含むため、明示的な日本ファンドはその上乗せで、意図的に使います。\n日本株の持ち方\n日本の露出は、広いTOPIXのインデックス投信・ETF、Nikkei225型、または——意図的かつ控えめに——個別株で得られます。多くの人には、単一企業リスクを取らずに日本配分を加える最も簡単な方法は広い市場のインデックス投信です。意図する枠で対象かを確認し、信託報酬とトラッキング差異を確認します。\nオールカントリーは既に時価総額比で日本を含むため、別途の日本ファンドはその上乗せの過大配分です。自国寄りの大きさは、将来の支出のうち円がどれだけかに基づき、偶然の二重取りではなく意図的に決めます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/japan-equity-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks","guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:global-equity-funds","guide:how-to-compare-funds"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bond-funds:ja","entityId":"guide:bond-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本在住者のための債券ファンド","plainText":"債券ファンドは収益と相対的安定のため多数の債券を保有します。主な選択は、日本と外国、国債と社債、デュレーション、信用度、そして外国債券では為替ヘッジの有無で、これが円リターンを左右しがちです。\n日本と外国の債券、国債と社債、デュレーションと信用、為替ヘッジ、債券投信と個人向け国債。\n債券は収益を加え株式の変動を和らげ得ますが、無リスクではありません。\nデュレーションは金利感応度。長いほど金利変動時の価格の振れが大きくなります。\n信用度は国債から社債まで。低いほど債務不履行リスクが加わります。\n外国債券投信は為替変動がリターンを左右し得て、ヘッジがより妥当になりがちです。\n分散された債券投信は個別国債と異なり、価格は変動するが発行体・年限を分散します。\n種類・デュレーション・信用\n債券ファンドは多数の債券をまとめ収益を払います。主な次元は、地域（日本と外国）、発行体（国債と社債）、デュレーション、信用度です。デュレーションは金利変動時の価格の動きの大きさで、長いほど敏感で、金利低下でより上がり上昇でより下がります。信用度は、安全な国債から、債務不履行リスクを持つ高利回りの社債まで幅があります。\n債券は主に収益と株式変動の緩和のために持ちますが、金利・信用・（外国債券なら）為替のリスクを持ちます。債券ファンドは現金の代わりではなく、価格は変動します。\nヘッジと、債券投信と国債\n外国債券投信では、株式より通貨が重要です。債券のリターンが控えめなため、大きな円の為替変動が結果を左右し得ます。外国債券を持つ理由が円での安定なら、ヘッジなしは目的に反することがあり、ヘッジ版のほうが目的に沿いやすいです——金利差に連動したヘッジコストがかかります。\n分散された債券投信は個別の個人向け国債と異なります。国債は政府保証の元本を持ち満期保有なら価格変動がありませんが、投信は多数の発行体・年限に分散し、価格が変動し、長い年限や外国債券を含み得ます。分散された債券露出には投信を、政府レベルの安全性と満期保有の安定には国債を使います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/bond-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","guide:japanese-government-bonds","guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:balanced-funds"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:balanced-funds:ja","entityId":"guide:balanced-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"バランスファンド","plainText":"バランスファンドは、地域をまたいだ株式・債券・時にREITの固定比率を保有し、ファンド内で自動リバランスします。1本で分散したい人に便利ですが、「バランス」は自身の株式比率に対して分散という意味にすぎません。\n固定の資産配分、自動リバランス、8資産型、手数料、リスク水準、自作との比較。\nバランスファンドは複数資産の固定比率を保有し、ファンド内で自動リバランスします。\n8資産型は、日本・外国の株式・債券・REITに分散します。\n投資を1本に単純化し、手動リバランスが不要です。\n「バランス」は相対的で、株式多めのバランス型はなお大きく下落し得ます。\n自作は管理性が高く安くもなり得ます。バランス型はそれを手軽さと引き換えます。\n固定配分と自動リバランス\nバランスファンドは、あらかじめ定めた資産クラスの比率を保有します——例えば著名な8資産型は、日本・外国の株式、日本・外国の債券、日本・外国のREITを固定比率で分散します。重要なのは内部でリバランスすることで、ある資産が上振れして目標を超えると自動で減らすため、手動リバランスが不要です。\nこれにより1本のバランスファンドが、1回の購入で完結・分散・自己維持するポートフォリオになります——複数ファンドを管理せず分散と自動リバランスを望む初心者に魅力的です。\nリスク水準と、バランス型と自作\n「バランス」＝「保守的」と決めつけないでください。バランスファンドは債券・現金の比率の分だけ守備的で、株式多めのバランス型は下落局面でなお大きく下がり得ます。実際の資産比率を読み、他のポートフォリオ同様、耐えられる損失に合わせます。\n自作と比べ、バランスファンドは管理性と潜在的な低コストを手軽さと引き換えます。自作は正確な比率設定・税効率の良い配置・低コストが可能で、バランス型は少額の手数料で比率とリバランスを代行します。どちらも妥当で、簡潔さと管理性のどちらを重視するかで選びます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/balanced-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:target-date-funds","guide:bond-funds","guide:how-to-compare-funds"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:esg-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:esg-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のESG投資","plainText":"ESGファンドは環境・社会・ガバナンスの基準で銘柄をスクリーニング・加重し、市場リスクを消すのではなく露出を変えます。グリーンウォッシング・高い手数料・集中に注意し、実際の手法と指数との乖離を比べます。\nESGの定義、スクリーニングとスコアリング、指数の違い、グリーンウォッシング、手数料、ESGファンドの比べ方。\nESG＝環境・社会・ガバナンスの基準を、除外やスコアで適用。\nESGスクリーニングは保有内容を変え、広い指数に対しファクター・業種の偏りを生みます。\nグリーンウォッシングのリスク：ラベルが実際の「環境性」を誇張し得ます。\nESGファンドは、素の広いインデックスより手数料が高いことが多いです。\nラベルではなく、実際の除外・スコア手法・指数との乖離・コストを比べます。\nESGの実際\nESG投資は、環境・社会・ガバナンスの基準をポートフォリオ構築に適用します——特定業種を除外する（除外スクリーニング）か、スコアの高い企業へ傾ける（ベストインクラス）方法です。提供者ごとにデータ・スコア・指数が異なるため、2つの「ESG」ファンドがかなり違う保有になり得ます。\n要点は、ESGは市場リスクを下げるのではなく露出を変えることです。ESGファンドも下落局面で下がる株式ファンドで、スクリーニングは素の広い指数に対して保有する企業・業種を変えるだけです。\nグリーンウォッシング・手数料・比較\n2つの注意が中心です。第一にグリーンウォッシングで、環境的に聞こえる名前やマーケティングは、従来の指数と実質的に異なることを保証しません。実際の手法——何を除外し、どうスコア化し、結果のポートフォリオが標準指数からどれだけ乖離するか——を読みます。第二にコストで、ESGファンドは素の広い指数より高いことが多く、その手数料は不利に複利で効きます。\nESGファンドの比較は、ラベルの先の具体的な特徴を見ます。除外リスト、スコア手法、指数との乖離と追随、業種・ファクターの集中、総コストです。ポートフォリオが安い広い指数とほとんど変わらないのに高コストなら、ESGの上乗せはほとんど買えていないかもしれません。大きく異なるなら、意図しない賭け——ESGスクリーニングは相当な業種・ファクターの偏りを生み得ます——を理解します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/esg-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:global-equity-funds"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:target-date-funds:ja","entityId":"guide:target-date-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ターゲットデートファンド","plainText":"ターゲットデートファンドは、選んだ目標年が近づくにつれ自動的に保守的になる分散された配分を保有します。手間のかからない退職向けの選択肢（iDeCoや企業型DCで一般的）ですが、既定のグライドパスが個人の状況に合わないことがあります。\n目標年、グライドパス、自動的なリスク低減、iDeCo/DCでの利用、手数料、既定の経路が合わない場合。\n目標年（退職近く）を選べば、あとはファンドが行います。\nグライドパスが、時間とともに株式多めから債券多めへ自動的に移行します。\n手間のかからない退職準備として、iDeCoや企業型DCのメニューで一般的です。\n手数料は様々。自動化は便利ですが無料ではありません。\n既定のグライドパスは平均的な投資家を前提とし、あなたのリスクや他資産に合わないことがあります。\n目標年とグライドパス\nターゲットデートファンドは、ある年——通常は退職予定の頃——を軸に作られます。初期は成長志向の配分（株式多め）を持ち、目標年が近づくと、あらかじめ定めた「グライドパス」に沿って自動的に保守的な配分（債券・現金多め）へ移行します。時間軸に合うファンドを選べば、何もせずとも時間とともにリスクが下がります。\nこの自動化により、ターゲットデートファンドはiDeCoや企業型確定拠出年金のメニューで人気の既定選択になっています。多くの加入者は、加齢に応じてリバランスや手動のリスク低減を管理したくないためです。\n手数料と、合わない場合\nグライドパスは平均的な状況の平均的な投資家向けに設計されており、だからこそあなたに合わないことがあります。他の資産（年金・不動産・共働きの配偶者）、異なるリスク許容度、標準的でない時間軸があるなら、既定の経路はあなたには株式が多すぎ・少なすぎになり得ます。またファンドは目標年しか見ず、あなたの全体像は見えません。\n手数料も確認します。手軽さにはコストがあり、一部のターゲットデートは自分で単純な指数を組むより高いです。自動的なリスク低減を重視する手間のかからない人には、1つの判断で済む妥当な選択肢です。管理性を望む人や複雑な状況の人には、自分で管理する配分のほうが合うことがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/target-date-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:balanced-funds","guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:diversification-asset-allocation"]},"sources":[{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-for-beginners:ja","entityId":"guide:investing-for-beginners","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"完全初心者のための日本での投資","plainText":"完全初心者の最も簡単な道は、生活防衛資金を作り、低コストの証券会社でNISAを開き、分散された低コストのインデックス投信1本を毎月自動積立し、年1〜2回見直すことです。\n最初の道筋：生活防衛資金、NISA、低コストの全世界1本、自動化——避けるべき失敗も。\n生活防衛資金と借金返済が投資より先です。\nNISAのつみたて枠が、初心者の自然な最初の口座です。\n低コストのオールカントリー1本が、妥当な株式の核になります。\n毎月の買付を自動化し、毎月の判断をなくします。\n重複するテーマ投信の多用や、昨年のリターンでの選択を避けます。\n初心者の道\n毎月控えめな額を投資する日本語話者の初心者に推奨される出発点は、NISAのつみたて枠で低コストのオールカントリー株式1本を積み立てることです。まず流動性のある貯蓄を確保し高金利の借金を返済。次に楽天・SBI・松井・マネックスなど広く低コストの証券会社でNISAを開き、転職や下落局面でも続けられる毎月の買付を自動化します。\n続けられる月5,000円は、後で止めて売らざるを得ない月10万円より優れています。目的は、巧妙なポートフォリオではなく、何年も保てる単純で自動的な習慣です。\n初心者が避けるべきこと\nよくある初期の失敗は避けられます。生活防衛資金は投資しない——必要なのはリターンではなく確実さです。重複するテーマ投信を複数買わない——広い1本で重複とコストを抑え核を担えます。昨年のリターンで投信を選ばない——将来の手がかりとして不確実です。NISAを無リスクと捉えない——消すのは税で損失の可能性ではありません。\n米国納税者なら、日本の投信を買う前に止まりPFIC規則を確認します。近く出国し得るなら、NISAは通常海外で継続できない点を理解します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investing-for-beginners","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:what-is-nisa","guide:global-equity-funds","guide:small-monthly-budget-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:small-monthly-budget-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:small-monthly-budget-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"月5,000〜30,000円で投資する","plainText":"月5,000〜30,000円なら、低い最低額（100円から）と自動積立に対応する証券会社を使い、NISAに入れ、分散された低コスト投信を1本選びます。手軽さで商品の質を犠牲にしないこと。\n少額の毎月投資で、最低額・単元未満株・積立投信・ポイントをどう使うか——過剰売買を避けて。\nネット証券は最低100円から自動で投信を買えます。\nPayPay・楽天・SBI・マネックス・松井が、少額のアプリ投資に向きます。\nNISAのつみたて枠を使い、小さな利益も非課税に保ちます。\n単元未満株で、1単元未満の株式も買えます。\n「まとまった額」を待たず、少額ポジションで過剰売買しないこと。\n少額の毎月投資の始め方\n少額は障壁ではありません。ネット証券は最低100円から投信を買え毎月の自動積立ができるため、月5,000〜30,000円で十分に運用できます。少額のアプリ投資に向く会社に、PayPay・楽天・SBI・マネックス・松井があります。資金はNISAのつみたて枠に入れ、小さな利益も非課税に保ちます。\n個別株は、単元未満株サービスで100株の1単元未満も買えます。少額を多数の商品に散らすより、分散された低コスト投信1本を核に選びます。\n少額のための規律\n少額投資家を苦しめる2つの失敗があります。1つ目は「まとまった額」を待って始めないことですが、複利は時間を報うため、今始める少額の自動積立は、後で始める大きな額に通常勝ります。2つ目は少額ポジションの過剰売買や小さなテーマへの賭けで、固定費やスプレッドが少額を削ります。\nポイントや単元未満株などの便利機能は有用ですが、商品の質より優先すべきではありません。多少不便でも正しい低コスト投信のある会社は、高コスト商品を勧める派手なアプリに勝ります。単純・自動・低コストに保ち、習慣を複利で効かせます。\n時間をかけて金額を増やす\n続けられる額——たとえ5,000円——から始め、収入の増加や借金の完済に応じて増やします。多くの証券会社は数タップで毎月の金額を変更できます。習慣は開始額より重要で、少額でも何年も続けると、遅く始めた大きな額よりはるかに複利の恩恵を受けます。\n金額が増えても同じ単純な構造を保ちます。NISAで分散された低コスト投信1本を自動で。残高が大きいというだけで複雑にする必要はまれで、実際の目標やリスク上の必要が求めるとき（債券や2つ目の口座）にのみ計画を広げます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/small-monthly-budget-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-for-beginners","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:credit-card-investing","guide:lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-for-retirement:ja","entityId":"guide:investing-for-retirement","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で老後に向けて投資する","plainText":"老後には、NISAの柔軟性・iDeCoの掛金控除・勤務先制度を組み合わせ、実際の年金記録に基づいて計画し、強制売却を避ける現金を確保して収益の順序リスクに備えます。\nNISA・iDeCo・企業制度の併用、年金記録、収益の順序リスク、退職者が持つべき現金。\nNISAとiDeCoは併用可。iDeCoは控除を加えるが老後まで資金を固定します。\n老後計画は、想定利回りではなく公的年金の記録に基づけます。\n収益の順序リスク：取り崩し初期の低収益は持続性を恒久的に損ない得ます。\n計画的な支出をまかない下落局面で売らずに済む現金を持ちます。\n計画的な売却を伴うトータルリターンは、配当のみに頼るより頑健なことが多いです。\n口座の組み合わせ\n老後準備は通常、口座を組み合わせます。NISAはいつでも使える柔軟で非課税の成長を提供します。iDeCoは、受給年齢まで資金を固定する代わりに、掛金の所得控除と課税繰延の成長を加えます——所得により控除が有利で固定を受け入れられるとき価値があります。勤務先の確定拠出・確定給付の制度は会社の拠出を加え、マッチングやメニューの質を確認します。\n計画は仮定ではなく事実に基づけます。公的年金は実際の加入記録（利回りの推測ではなく）から見込み、勤務先・私的口座を棚卸しし、必須・任意支出を現在価値で見積もります。\n順序リスクと現金\n退職の前後では、平均だけでなく収益の順序が重要です。収益の順序リスクとは、取り崩し初期に低収益が続くと、下落局面で売るため、ポートフォリオの持続期間が恒久的に損なわれ得ることです。対策は、年金収入とリスク許容度に基づき、下落局面で強制売却せず計画的な支出をまかなう現金・安全資産を十分に持つことです。\n収入面では、配当で老後をまかなうべきという誤解があります。高配当証券のみに頼るとリスクが集中し、トータルリターン——分散したポートフォリオと少額の計画的売却——のほうが頑健で分散されることが多いです。計画は毎年、および雇用・家族・在留の変化時に見直します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investing-for-retirement","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:target-date-funds"]},"sources":[{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jps-pension-system","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"National Pension system","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/nationalpension/nationalpension.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jps-employees-pension","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Employees’ Pension Insurance","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/employeespension/employee.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:high-income-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:high-income-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"高所得者のための日本での投資","plainText":"高所得者は、iDeCoの所得控除とNISAの活用の恩恵が最も大きく、超過分は資産の配置と損益通算に配慮して課税の特定口座で保有します。\nNISA・iDeCoの税制優遇の最大化、課税口座をまたぐ資産の配置、控除が最も効く場面。\niDeCoの掛金控除は限界税率に比例し、高所得者で最も価値が高いです。\nNISAで非課税成長を活用し、超過分は課税の特定口座で保有します。\n資産の配置：成長資産はNISA、損失を活かす戦略は課税口座へ。\n課税口座の損失は利益と通算し3年繰越可。NISAの損失は不可。\n越境の結びつきで複雑さが増します——米国関係者や複数国は助言を。\n税制優遇が最も効く場面\n高所得者では、掛金控除が他の人以上に効きます。iDeCoの掛金は原則所得控除で、節税は限界税率に比例するため、同じ拠出でも高所得者にはより価値が高く、固定にもかかわらずiDeCoが特に魅力的になりがちです。NISAの利点は控除ではなく非課税成長ですが、利益の大きさと期間に応じて価値が高まります。\nよくある順序は、NISAを活用し、控除が有利で固定を受け入れられる範囲でiDeCoを最大化し、勤務先制度も併せて考えることです。加入前にiDeCoの上限と2026年12月の改正を確認します。\n資産の配置と超過分\nNISAとiDeCoの枠を使い切ると、追加分は課税の特定口座へ回り、資産の配置を考える価値が出ます。大まかに、長期で成長を見込む資産は非課税のNISAに置いてその枠を有効活用し、超過分・対象外資産・損失を活かす/取引の戦略は課税口座へ——ここでは損失を利益と通算し3年繰り越せ、NISAにはない救済です。\n残高が大きいほど、コストと越境の問題の重要度が増します。大きなポートフォリオへの1%の手数料は大きな円額のため、低コスト投信を優先します。米国関係者の地位や複数国との結びつきがあるなら、購入前にPFIC・外国税額控除・報告・遺産税の露出を含む個別助言を受けます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/high-income-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:global-investors-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:global-investors-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本から米国・全世界市場に投資する","plainText":"日本から広い全世界市場にアクセスしたい投資家は、外国市場の広さ・FXコスト・NISA対応で証券会社を比べます。IBKR証券と大手ネット証券が先行しますが、外国源泉徴収・通貨・税/データの複雑さも広さとともに増します。\n全世界にアクセスする証券会社選び、通貨とFXコスト、外国源泉徴収、複数市場投資家の税・データの複雑さ。\nIBKR証券・SBI・楽天・マネックスが、広い外国市場アクセスで先行します。\n円から外貨への両替には為替スプレッドがかかります。両替条件を比べます。\n外国配当はNISA内でも源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。\nアクセスが広いほど、管理すべき税・通貨・データの複雑さが増します。\n多くの人には、全世界1本のほうが多市場より簡単に世界分散を得られます。\n全世界アクセスの証券会社選び\n全世界ファンド経由ではなく多くの外国市場を直接取引したいなら、証券会社の広さが重要です。インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券は、英語対応が確認された中で最も広い全世界市場アクセスを提供し、大手ネット証券（SBI・楽天・マネックス）は米国や一部の外国市場に競争的な価格で対応します。必要な市場・商品に合わせて選び、対象の外国商品のNISA対応を確認します。\nコストは手数料だけではありません。円を外貨に両替する為替スプレッド（リアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社もあり、要確認）や、各市場の取引所・規制手数料が加わります。表面の手数料でなく総コストで考えます。\n源泉徴収・通貨・複雑さ\n全世界投資は3つの複雑さを加えます。外国配当はNISA内でも源泉地国の課税が残り得て、NISAが消すのは日本の税だけです。外国税額控除は通常日本での申告が必要で、NISAに日本の税がないことが回収を複雑にし得ます。通貨露出により、円リターンは資産価格に加え為替を反映します。そして多市場投資は、管理すべき記録・明細・税の詳細を増やします。\n多くの投資家には、広い全世界（オールカントリー）1本のほうが、多くの個別市場を組み立てるよりはるかに簡単に世界分散を得られます。直接の多市場アクセスは、ファンドにない商品が特に必要なときにのみ複雑さに見合います。米国納税者はこれら全てに米国での追加報告があり、越境助言を受けるべきです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/global-investors-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:global-equity-funds","guide:currency-risk-yen","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-listed-dividends","publisher":"国税庁","title":"配当金を受け取ったとき（配当所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:advised-investing-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:advised-investing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"人による金融アドバイスを使う投資","plainText":"フルサービス証券（野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ）やアドバイザーは、債券・IPO・相続・複雑な事情に役立ちますが、コストが高く販売の利益相反があり得ます。総コストとベンチマーク比較の明示を求めます。\nフルサービス証券やアドバイザーが価値を加える場面、コストと利益相反、要求すべきこと。\nフルサービスは、債券・IPO・相続や複雑/富裕層のニーズに役立ちます。\n店舗・総合コースの手数料は、ネット専業よりはるかに高いです。\nアドバイザーの報酬は中立ではなく、商品販売が利益相反を生み得ます。\nどの推奨にも、総コストとベンチマーク比較の明示を求めます。\n単純なパッシブ投資なら、ネット証券のほうが通常はるかに安いです。\n助言が価値を加える場面\nフルサービス証券——野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ——や人によるアドバイザーは、特定の場面で本当に役立ちます。債券やIPO配分、相続・遺産、越境の複雑さ、あるいは一部の投資家が重視する対面のサポートや店舗です。複雑・富裕層のニーズには、そのサービスは対価に見合い得ます。\nトレードオフはコストです。店舗・総合コースの手数料はネット証券より大幅に高いことがあり、通常の国内株取引で店舗の料率は1%を大きく超え得る一方、ネットはほぼ0です。単純なパッシブ投資では、この差は正当化しづらいです。\n利益相反と要求すべきこと\nアドバイザーの報酬が中立と決めつけないでください。アドバイザーや会社が特定商品の販売でより多く稼ぐとき、本質的な利益相反があり、推奨は販売の誘因とあなたの利益の両方を反映し得ます。助言が無価値というわけではありませんが、鵜呑みにせず推奨を精査すべきです。\n実務的な防御策：どの推奨にも、総コスト（手数料・ラップ/助言料・投信費用・隠れた費用）と、適切な低コストのベンチマークとの比較の明示を求めます。推奨商品が安い指数の代替に対しコストを正当化できないなら、理由を尋ねます。良いアドバイザーはこうした質問を歓迎します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/advised-investing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:robo-advisors-japan","guide:active-vs-passive-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:temporary-residents-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:temporary-residents-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"近く日本を離れるかもしれない場合の投資","plainText":"滞在が不確かなら、NISAと流動性のある現金を比較し、持ち運べる単純な商品を優先し、開設前に各社の非居住者継続方針を確認し、出国手続を事前に書面で入手します。\nNISAを開くべきか、持ち運べる商品、証券会社の継続方針、滞在が不確かな場合の出国前計画。\nNISAは非居住者になると原則継続できません（特定の適格な場合を除く）。\n流動性が低く管理が複雑な商品より、持ち運べる単純で換金しやすい保有を優先します。\n口座開設前に、証券会社の非居住者・出国方針を確認します。\n出国時に解消が必要な大きなNISA残高を作るのは合理的でないことがあります。\n日本と渡航先の両方について、税・送金・記録を計画します。\nそもそもNISAを開くべきか\n数年は滞在するとほぼ確信できるなら、しっかりした現金準備と併せてNISAはなお有益です。近い出国が濃厚、または本当に不確かなら慎重に判断します。NISAは非居住者になると原則継続できない（事前申告した特定の一時出国を除く）ため、大きなNISA残高は出国時に解消が必要になり得て、都合の悪い時期になりかねません。\n滞在が不確かな場合の妥当な姿勢は、現金を多めに保ち、持ち運べる単純な商品で控えめに投資し、出国時の強制解消が高くつく・複雑になるポジションを避けることです。\n商品・方針・出国\n持ち運べる単純で換金しやすい保有——広い低コスト投信や広く保有される証券——を、国をまたいで移動・評価しにくい流動性の低い・管理が複雑な商品より優先します。口座を開く前に、証券会社の非居住者方針を確認します。出国後に課税口座を維持できるか、どの渡航先向けか、資産種別ごとにどうなるかです。\nポジションを作る前に出国を計画します。各社の出国手続を事前に書面で入手し、海外では新規のNISA買付ができない点を理解し、日本と渡航先の両方で税・売却代金の送金・記録を計画します。保有が重要または越境の事情があるなら個別助言を受けます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/temporary-residents-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-leaving-japan","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:nisa-when-not-first","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:specified-vs-general-accounts:ja","entityId":"guide:specified-vs-general-accounts","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"特定口座と一般口座","plainText":"特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は証券会社が計算・源泉徴収し通常申告不要、源泉徴収なしは証券会社が計算し自分で申告、一般口座は自分ですべて計算します。\n特定口座（源泉徴収あり/なし）と一般口座、税務申告、それぞれ向く人。\n特定・源泉徴収あり：証券会社が源泉徴収し、通常申告不要。\n特定・源泉徴収なし：証券会社が年間報告書を出すが、通常は自分で申告。\n一般口座：取得価額と課税所得を自分で計算します。\n3種類とも課税口座で、NISAと併用できます。\n多くの人は簡便さから特定・源泉徴収ありを選びます。\n3つの口座タイプ\n日本の課税証券口座は3種類あります。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は、証券会社が損益を計算し源泉で日本の税を徴収するため、その取引は多くの場合申告不要です。源泉徴収なしは、年間の結果を計算して報告書をくれますが、通常は自分で申告・納税します。一般口座は、取得価額と課税所得を完全に自分で計算します。\n3種類とも（NISAと違い）課税口座で、NISAや相互に併用できます。違いは、税務事務を証券会社がどれだけ担うか、あなたがどれだけ担うかだけです。\nそれぞれ向く人\n多くの人には、特定口座（源泉徴収あり）が最も簡単です。証券会社が税を処理し、その取引の申告を完全に避けられることが多いです。主な欠点は、申告がなお有用なことがある点（例：口座をまたいだ損失通算や外国税額控除）と、申告した所得が場合により社会保険や扶養の計算に影響し得る点です。\n源泉徴収なしは、自分で申告と資金繰りを管理したい人に向きます。一般口座は、特定口座で扱えない資産・取引にのみ必要で、記録の負担が最も大きく、通常の投資の既定にはまれです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/specified-vs-general-accounts","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:nisa-vs-taxable-account","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:capital-gains-and-losses"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-tokutei-account","publisher":"国税庁","title":"特定口座制度","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1476.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-share-transfer","publisher":"国税庁","title":"上場株式等の譲渡による所得の課税","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-vs-taxable-account:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-vs-taxable-account","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAと課税口座","plainText":"NISAは対象の利益・配当を非課税にするが上限があり損失控除がなく、課税口座は上限なしで損益通算・3年繰越ができるが利益に20.315%課税されます。よって成長資産はNISA、損失を活かす戦略は課税口座に置きます。\n利益・配当への課税、損失控除、商品制限、記録、資産配置の考え方。\nNISA：対象の利益に日本の課税なし。課税口座：通常20.315%。\n課税口座の損失は利益と通算し3年繰越可。NISAの損失は控除不可。\nNISAは商品・拠出の上限あり。課税口座はどちらもなし。\n源泉徴収の課税口座は申告を簡単に。NISAは国内では簡単。\n資産配置：成長資産はNISA、超過/対象外/損失戦略は課税口座へ。\n税と損失の扱い\n最大の違いは税です。課税口座では、上場証券の利益と対象配当が通常20.315%課税されます。NISAではその対象の利益が日本の課税を免れます——制度の核心的な利点で、長期に大きく成長を見込む資産で最も価値があります。\nただし課税口座には、NISAにない利点があります。損失救済です。課税口座の損失は対象の利益・配当と通算でき、申告すれば3年繰り越せます。NISAの損失は控除にならず繰越もできないため、損失の実現に依存する戦略はNISAではなく課税口座に向きます。\n上限と記録\nNISAは法律と証券会社のメニューで制限されます——対象商品のみ、年間・生涯枠まで。課税口座は拠出上限がなく商品範囲も広いため、NISA枠超過や対象外の資産を自然に保有します。\n記録面では、NISAは国内で簡単（計算すべき日本の税がない）で、特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は証券会社が計算・徴収して課税申告を簡単にします。いずれにせよ、特に複数の証券会社や外国資産があるなら、年間取引報告書を保管します。\n資産配置の考え方\n2つの口座は強みが逆のため、どの資産をどこに置くかが重要です。効率的な既定は、長期でプラスのリターンを見込む資産をNISAに置き——非課税枠が最も効く場所で使い——超過分・NISA対象外・損失を活かす戦略・アクティブ取引を、損益通算のある課税口座に置くことです。\n例：広い長期の株式ファンドは自然なNISA保有で、他の利益と相殺するため損失を実現し得る戦略は課税口座に向きます。多くの投資家はまずNISAを使い、残りを特定口座で保有します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-vs-taxable-account","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:specified-vs-general-accounts","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:nisa-complete-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"nta-share-transfer","publisher":"国税庁","title":"上場株式等の譲渡による所得の課税","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-loss-carryforward","publisher":"国税庁","title":"上場株式等に係る譲渡損失の損益通算及び繰越控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1474.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:capital-gains-and-losses:ja","entityId":"guide:capital-gains-and-losses","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"譲渡益と投資の損失","plainText":"譲渡益は売却代金から調整後の取得価額を引いたものです。課税口座の上場証券の損失は対象の利益・配当と通算でき申告すれば3年繰り越せますが、NISA内の損失は控除になりません。\n利益の計算、取得価額、損益通算、3年繰越、NISAの損失、複数証券会社。\n譲渡益＝売却代金−調整後の取得価額（および関連費用）。\n課税口座の上場証券の損失は、申告時に対象の利益・配当と通算します。\n未使用の損失は、必要な申告により最大3年繰り越せます。\nNISAの損失は控除にならず繰越もできません。\n複数の証券会社では通算に正確な申告値が必要——自分で記録を残します。\n利益の計算\n譲渡益は、売却代金から、売却したものの調整後の取得価額と関連費用を引いたものです。取得価額は支払額に購入費用を加えたもので、同じ銘柄を異なる価格で買った場合は平均法で1単位あたりの原価を決めます。特定口座では証券会社が計算し、一般口座では自分で管理します。\n取得価額を正しく出すことは、課税所得を直接決めるため重要です。誤りは通常、再投資額の失念、異なる価格の複数ロット、外貨換算から生じます。\n通算と繰越\n課税口座の対象の上場証券の損失は、対象の上場証券の利益・配当と通算できます。その年に通算しきれない損失は、将来の利益と相殺するため最大3年繰り越せます——ただし各年に必要な確定申告をした場合に限ります。この損失救済は課税投資の実質的な利点です。\n重要な点として、これはNISA内には適用されません。NISAで実現した損失は控除にならず、課税利益との通算も繰越もできません。よってNISAで損失を活かした節税はできず、損失を活かす戦略は課税口座に向きます。\n複数の証券会社と記録\n複数の証券会社を使う場合、一方の利益を他方の損失と相殺するには、通常、数字をまとめる確定申告が必要です——証券会社同士が自動で相殺することはありません。源泉徴収口座を外国や一般口座の結果と合わせる場合も同様です。\n自分で記録を残します。年間取引報告書・取得価額の詳細・配当明細を、単一の証券会社に依存せず保管します。特に一般口座・外国口座・出国・相続・母国での報告で重要です。証券会社の明細が永久にアクセス可能と決めつけないでください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/capital-gains-and-losses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:nisa-vs-taxable-account","guide:investment-records-and-statements","guide:specified-vs-general-accounts"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-share-transfer","publisher":"国税庁","title":"上場株式等の譲渡による所得の課税","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-loss-carryforward","publisher":"国税庁","title":"上場株式等に係る譲渡損失の損益通算及び繰越控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1474.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-dividends:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-dividends","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"配当・分配金の税金","plainText":"日本の上場配当と投信の普通分配金はNISA外では通常20.315%課税されます。元本払戻しの特別分配金は非課税で、NISAは対象の支払いを非課税にでき（配当は株式数比例配分方式が必要）、外国配当は源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。\n日本の配当、投信の普通分配金と特別分配金、源泉徴収口座、NISAの扱い、外国配当。\n日本の上場配当と投信の普通分配金は、NISA外では通常20.315%課税。\n特別分配金（元本払戻金）は元本の返戻で、課税所得ではありません。\n源泉徴収口座は、多くの場合、配当の税を源泉で精算します。\nNISAでは、株式・ETF・REITの配当は株式数比例配分方式で非課税に。\n外国配当はNISA内でも源泉地国の課税があり得ます。\n日本の配当・分配金\n日本の上場株式の配当と投信の普通分配金は、NISA外では通常20.315%課税されます。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）では源泉で精算されることが多く、その支払いは申告不要のことがあります。配当を申告する方式には選択肢があり、状況により結果が変わるため、個別助言が役立ちます。\n普通分配金と特別分配金（元本払戻金）を区別します。特別分配金は自分の投資元本の返戻で所得ではないため、そもそも課税されません。高分配型の投信で重要で、表面上の分配の一部が、真の利益ではなく自分の元本の返戻であり得ます。\nNISAの扱い\nNISAは対象の配当・分配金を日本の課税から外せますが、仕組みは証券により異なります。上場株式・ETF・REITは、株式数比例配分方式を選び、配当を証券口座で受け取る必要があります。銀行や配当金領収証での受取はNISAでも20.315%源泉徴収を招き、後の申告では直せません。\nNISAで保有する投信の普通分配金は、その別途の選択なしに非課税です。支払いがファンドと口座の構造を通るためです。どの支払日より前にも、配当の受取方法を正しく設定します。\n外国配当\n外国配当は源泉地国の課税を加えます。例えば米国配当は、株式がNISAにあっても源泉で徴収され得ます——NISAが消すのは日本の税だけです。NISA外では、外国配当は源泉徴収の可能性と日本の税の両方に直面し、日本での申告により外国税額控除で二重課税を軽減できます。\nNISAはその所得に日本の税を残さないため、外国税額控除での回収が限られることがあり、外国配当の保有は源泉徴収後の利回りで試算します。米国納税者は、日本での扱いに関わらず同じ所得に米国での別途報告があります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/taxes-on-dividends","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-dividends","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:high-dividend-investing","guide:foreign-investment-income-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-listed-dividends","publisher":"国税庁","title":"配当金を受け取ったとき（配当所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-investment-income-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:foreign-investment-income-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国投資所得と税金","plainText":"日本の居住者として、外国投資所得はNISA外では通常日本の課税対象で、源泉地国の課税もあり得ます。外国税額控除は日本での申告により二重課税の一部を軽減でき、すべてを円換算し記録する必要があります。\n外国配当・利益、源泉地国の課税、外国税額控除、為替換算、海外証券口座。\n日本は居住者に全世界所得課税するため、外国の利益・配当はNISA外では通常課税されます。\n外国配当は源泉地国でも徴収され得ます（例：米国の源泉徴収）。\n外国税額控除で二重課税を軽減できますが、通常は日本での申告が必要です。\n外国の金額は適切なレートで円換算し、記録を残します。\n海外証券口座は、申告・送金・遺産・保護の複雑さを加えます。\n全世界所得と源泉徴収\n日本は居住者に全世界所得課税します。よってNISA外では、外国の配当・譲渡益も国内同様に日本の課税対象で、所定の税率が適用されます。加えて、多くの国は外国投資家への配当に源泉で課税します——例えば米国配当は米国の源泉徴収を伴うのが一般的です。\n結果として二重課税が起こり得ます。源泉地国が徴収し、日本が同じ所得に課税します。NISAは対象の保有について日本の層を外しますが外国の層は外さず、NISA内でも外国源泉徴収は残り得ます。\n外国税額控除と為替\n二重課税を軽減するため、日本の外国税額控除は、支払った外国税の一部を日本の税から控除できる場合があります——ただし通常は日本での申告と要件充足が必要です。NISAは対象所得に日本の税を残さないため、NISA保有の外国源泉徴収を控除で回収できないことがあり、源泉徴収後の結果で試算する理由になります。\nすべて円換算が必要です。所得と取得・処分に適切な為替レートを使い、金額とレートの記録を残します。為替換算は外貨建て証券の利益計算にも影響します。資産価格と為替の両方が動くためです。\n海外証券口座\n居住者が海外の証券会社で資産を持つのは合法ですが、複雑さが増します。日本の税は全世界所得に適用され続け、日本での申告・送金手続・越境の遺産税露出・異なる（または弱い）規制・投資者保護の枠組みを負います。海外口座は日本の税を回避する手段ではありません。\nこれらは個別性が高く、租税条約・報告義務・外国所在資産の遺産税露出が絡み得ます。外国所得や口座が重要な場合、一般的な案内に頼らず、個別の越境税務助言を受けてください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/foreign-investment-income-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-dividends","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:investment-records-and-statements"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-listed-dividends","publisher":"国税庁","title":"配当金を受け取ったとき（配当所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-records-and-statements:ja","entityId":"guide:investment-records-and-statements","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"投資の記録と年間報告書","plainText":"年間取引報告書・取得価額の記録・配当明細を、単一の証券会社に依存せず保管します。申告・損失繰越・出国・相続・母国での報告に必要です。\n年間取引報告書、取得価額の記録、配当明細、証券会社を離れる前に取得すべき書類、保管。\n年間取引報告書は、税務申告のため1年の取引をまとめます。\n取得価額の記録が課税所得を決めます——一般・外国口座で不可欠です。\n配当明細は所得と源泉徴収を記録します。\n証券会社を離れる・解約する前に、重要書類を取得します。\n記録は独立して保管——証券会社のアクセスが永続すると考えないこと。\n何を残すか\n最も重要な3つの記録があります。年間取引報告書は、その年の実現取引をまとめ、特定・源泉徴収なしや一般口座での税務申告の基礎になります。取得価額の記録は、課税所得を決める原価を確定します——一般口座・外国口座・手計算で不可欠です。配当明細は、受け取った所得と源泉徴収された税を記録します。\n外貨建ての保有では、使った為替レートも記録します。資産価格と為替の両方が円ベースの利益に影響するためです。これらの記録は、通算・損失繰越・外国税額控除を支えます。\n証券会社を離れる前に\n口座解約・証券会社の変更・出国の前に、重要書類を取得します。口座を閉じる・非居住者になると、過去の明細へのアクセスが困難になり得て、数年後に税務当局・相続・母国の報告のためになお必要になり得ます。年間報告書・取得価額の詳細・配当明細・保有の確認を保存します。\nNISA金融機関を変更する際は、既存保有が通常そのNISA関係のまま旧証券会社に残る点を思い出し、旧社の記録も保管します。出国時は、各社の出国手続を書面で入手し、まずすべてを取得します。\n保管の手順\n証券会社が記録を無期限に利用可能に保つと当てにしないでください。明細は削除され得て、画面は変わり、口座解約でアクセスが終わります。簡単な習慣を作ります。毎年、年間報告書と明細を自分の保管先に取得し、取得価額の記録を継続し、バックアップします。\n越境の状況では、日本と母国の両方の税務作成者が使える形——円と、必要に応じて外貨の数値——で記録を保ちます。良い記録は、ストレスの多い申告・出国・相続を、日常的なものに変えます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investment-records-and-statements","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-leaving-japan"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:capital-gains-and-losses","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:moving-abroad-with-investments","guide:foreign-investment-income-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-tokutei-account","publisher":"国税庁","title":"特定口座制度","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1476.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:cash-deposits-vs-bonds:ja","entityId":"guide:cash-deposits-vs-bonds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"普通預金・定期預金・国債の比較","plainText":"普通預金は即時換金、定期預金は期間中の金利を固定、個人向け国債は政府保証の元本を加えます。いずれも低リスクで低リターンの価値の保管手段で、すべてインフレリスクを持ちます。生活防衛資金には普通預金が向きます。\n流動性、金利の確実性、預金保険、インフレリスク、早期引き出し、生活防衛資金への適性。\n普通預金：即時換金、安定、リターンは極小。\n定期預金：期間中の金利を固定、途中解約に制限。\n個人向け国債：政府保証の元本、最低1万円、1年後に控除付きで換金可。\n銀行預金は1行あたり元本1,000万円まで保護。外貨預金は通常対象外。\nすべてインフレリスクあり——生活防衛資金は即時換金できる預金へ。\n流動性と金利の確実性\nこれら3つは、換金性とリターンを少しずつ交換します。普通預金は残高が安定し即時換金できますがリターンは最小です。定期預金は、固定のやや高い金利と引き換えに期間中お金を固定します——予測可能ですが途中解約に制限やペナルティがあります。個人向け国債は、政府保証の元本・最低1万円・毎月発行で、1年後に直前2回分の利子相当額を差し引いて換金できます。\nいずれも成長投資ではありません。お金を安全にそこそこ換金しやすく保つ場所で、違いは主に、どれだけ早く引き出せるかと、金利がどう決まるかです。\n保険とインフレ\n銀行預金は、1行・1預金者あたり元本1,000万円＋利息まで預金保険で保護されます。一部の無利息の決済用預金はより手厚く、外貨預金は通常対象外です。個人向け国債は、預金保険ではなく政府の信用に基づきます。大きな残高を複数行に分けると保護が変わります。\nこれらは1つのリスクを共有します。インフレです。リターンが低いため、円残高が減らなくても、物価上昇が実質購買力を削り得ます。確実さが成長より必要な短期・緊急の資金には問題ありませんが、だからこそ長期の資金は通常、全額を現金に置かず投資します。\n生活防衛資金にどれが向くか\n生活防衛資金は確実さと即時の換金が必要なため、普通預金が自然な置き場所です——市場リスクや解約ペナルティなしに、必要な日にお金へ到達できる必要があります。定期預金や国債は、既知の将来の日（1〜2年後の予定した購入）向けの資金に使え、やや高い金利や政府保証と引き換えに柔軟性を少し譲ります。\n原則は、いつお金が必要かに手段を合わせることです。緊急と近い支出には即時換金の預金、既知の短期目標には定期預金や国債、そして数年触れない資金にのみ投資です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/cash-deposits-vs-bonds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:saving-vs-investing","guide:japanese-government-bonds","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:investor-deposit-protection"]},"sources":[{"id":"dic-deposit-insurance","publisher":"預金保険機構","title":"預金保険制度","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mof-jgb-individual","publisher":"財務省","title":"個人向け国債","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/jgbs/individual/kojinmuke/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:corporate-pensions-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:corporate-pensions-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の企業年金","plainText":"企業型確定拠出（DC）と確定給付（DB）は、会社の拠出と規約ごとの規則を持つ勤務先の退職給付です。マッチング・メニュー・持ち運びを確認し、NISAやiDeCoの枠と調整します。\n企業型DCと確定給付、従業員拠出とマッチング、持ち運び、NISA・iDeCoとの調整。\n企業型DC：会社（時に従業員）が、自分で選ぶ運用メニューに拠出。\n確定給付（DB）：会社が算式に基づく給付を約束し、リスクを多く負います。\n会社のマッチング・拠出は実質無料のお金——放置しないこと。\n転職時の持ち運びの規則があります。移る前に確認します。\n企業制度はiDeCoの拠出枠を減らし得ます——3つを調整します。\nDCと確定給付\n日本の勤務先は、企業型確定拠出（企業型DC）、確定給付企業年金、または退職金を提供し得ます。企業型DCでは、会社（時にあなた）が口座に拠出し、制度のメニューから運用を選びます。将来の給付は拠出と運用成績によります。確定給付では、会社が算式（給与・勤続など）に基づく給付を約束し、運用・長寿のリスクを多く負います。\n実際の違いは、誰がリスクを負い誰が運用を選ぶかです。DCは管理性と持ち運びを与えますが市場リスクがあり、DBは予測可能性を与えますが個人の管理は少なくなります。\n拠出と持ち運び\n会社が拠出・マッチングする場合、それは実質的に無料のリターンで、受け取ることは自分の口座を優先するより通常有利です——これはNISAより先に来て合理的な数少ないものの一つです。制度文書で拠出規則・マッチング・権利確定・運用メニューを確認し、その中の低コストで分散された選択肢を優先します。\n転職時は持ち運びが重要です。企業型DCの資産は通常移換でき（例：新しい勤務先の制度やiDeCoへ）、確定給付・退職金の扱いは規約ごとです。転職前に規則を確認し、拠出と残高の記録を残します。\nNISA・iDeCoとの調整\n勤務先制度はiDeCoと関係します。企業型DCやDBへの加入は、iDeCoに拠出できる額を減らし得て、上限は具体的な加入状況によります。iDeCoの額を決める前に年金区分と勤務先制度の状況を確認し、2026年12月の改正前後で再確認します。\n多くの人に妥当な順序は、まず会社のマッチングを受け取り、次に柔軟な非課税成長のためNISA、そして控除が有利で固定を許容できる範囲でiDeCoです——会社のお金を放置せず、iDeCoの上限も超えないよう調整します。制度が複雑なら、制度文書を取り寄せ、必要なら専門家の助言を受けます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/corporate-pensions-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:investing-for-retirement","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared"]},"sources":[{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jps-employees-pension","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"Employees’ Pension Insurance","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/employeespension/employee.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jps-pension-system","publisher":"Japan Pension Service","title":"National Pension system","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/nationalpension/nationalpension.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-stock-and-fund-orders-work:ja","entityId":"guide:how-stock-and-fund-orders-work","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の株式・投信の注文の仕組み","plainText":"株式の注文は成行（速いが価格は不確実）か指値（価格指定だが約定しないことも）です。投信は後で算出される1日1回の基準価額で約定し、いずれも約定日の数営業日後に受渡しされます。表示価格が必ず得られるわけではありません。\n成行と指値、投信の基準価額のタイミング、約定日と受渡日、売買スプレッド、取消し。\n成行注文：利用可能な価格で速く約定するが、価格は保証されません。\n指値注文：指定価格以上でのみ約定するが、約定しないことがあります。\n投信は、注文締切後に算出される1日1回の基準価額で約定——表示価格ではありません。\n約定日と受渡日は異なり、現金の利用可能時期は受渡しに従います。\nETF・株式には売買スプレッドがあります。相場が動く前に取消し規則を把握します。\n成行と指値\n株式・ETFでは、2つの基本注文が「約定の確実性」と「価格の確実性」を交換します。成行（成行）は利用可能な価格で速やかに約定するため約定しやすいですが、正確な価格は保証されません——値動きの速い・薄い市場ではリスクです。指値（指値）は指定価格以上でのみ約定し、価格を管理できる代わりに約定しないことがあります。\n初心者はしばしば、見た価格で約定すると思い込みますが、成行では特に流動性の低い証券でそうならないことがあります。最も流動的な銘柄以外は指値を使うのが、嫌な驚きを避ける簡単な方法です。\n投信の基準価額のタイミング\n投信は異なります。ライブ価格で連続的に売買されません。投信の注文を出すと、注文締切後に1日1回算出される基準価額で約定します。よって最終的に支払う価格は、注文時に表示された価格ではなく、後で算出される基準価額で、高くも安くもなり得ます。\nよくある初心者の誤りは、表示された数値が保証されると思うことです。1万円の積立投信では通常問題なく予測可能ですが、約定価格はリアルタイムの気配ではなくその日の基準価額を反映すると理解します。\n受渡し・スプレッド・取消し\n約定日（注文が成立する日）と受渡日（現金と証券が実際に移動する日）は同じではありません——受渡しは数営業日後で、現金の利用可能時期や出金のタイミングは約定日ではなく受渡しに従います。特定の日に代金が必要なら、これを見込んで計画します。\n株式・ETFには、投信の1日1回の基準価額と違い、売買スプレッド（買値と売値の差）が暗黙のコストとしてあります。最後に取消し規則を把握します。約定した注文は取り消せず、締切後の投信注文は次の基準価額で約定します。これらの仕組みの理解が、最も多い執行の誤りを防ぎます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/how-stock-and-fund-orders-work","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","guide:portfolio-rebalancing"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:portfolio-rebalancing:ja","entityId":"guide:portfolio-rebalancing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポートフォリオのリバランス","plainText":"リバランスは、相場で動いた株式・債券の比率を目標に戻します。税効率の良い方法は、新規の拠出を過小資産へ向け、必要なときだけ売ることで、課税利益の実現よりNISA内の売買や資金の流れを優先します。\n配分がずれる理由、定期・乖離リバランス、拠出の活用、NISAと課税口座の考慮。\n資産が異なる速度で上下するため、配分はずれていきます。\n定期リバランス（例：年1回）と乖離リバランス（例：±5%）が一般的な規則です。\n新規の拠出でのリバランスは、売却とその税を避けます。\nNISA外では売却で課税利益が生じ、NISA内では買い直しで年間枠を使います。\n例：60/40の目標で、株式が65%超または55%未満になったらリバランス。\n配分がずれる理由\n望むリスク量に合うため、目標配分——例えば株式60%・債券40%——を選びます。しかし相場は各要素を異なる速度で動かします。株式が好調だと60/40が70/30になり、意図より静かにリスクが高まります。暴落後は50/50になり、計画より保守的になります。リバランスは目標を戻し、リスクを決めた水準に保ちます。\nリバランスはリターンを高める手品ではなく規律です。主な価値は、リスクを計画に沿わせ、感情ではなく機械的に「高く売り安く買う」を実行することです。\n定期・乖離・拠出\n一般的な規則が2つあります。定期リバランスは、例えば年1回など予定に沿って確認・調整します。乖離リバランスは、資産が帯を超えてずれたときだけ動きます——例えば60/40で株式が65%超または55%未満になったら。多くの投資家は両者を組み合わせ、予定で確認しつつ帯を超えたときだけ売買し、無用な小さな取引を避けます。\n最も税・コスト効率が良いのは、新規の拠出でのリバランスです。毎月の新しい資金を過小の資産へ向け、何も売らずに比率を戻します。積立投資家には、これだけで配分が帯内に収まることがよくあります。\nNISAと課税口座の考慮\nどこでリバランスするかは税に影響します。課税口座では、上がった資産を売ってリバランスすると20.315%課税される利益が実現するため、まず新規の拠出・配当・資金の流れを優先します。NISA内では売却で日本の税は生じませんが、買い直しが年間枠を消費し、売った生涯枠は翌年に戻るため、やはり拠出のほうが良い手段です。\n実務的な優先順位：可能なら新規の拠出でリバランス、次にNISA内の売買（無税だが枠に注意）、そして必要なときだけ課税口座で売却し税を受け入れます。手順は単純かつ低頻度に保ちます——過度なリバランスは、結果を改善せずコストと手間を増やします。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/portfolio-rebalancing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:portfolio-maintenance","guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:how-stock-and-fund-orders-work","guide:balanced-funds"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:portfolio-maintenance:ja","entityId":"guide:portfolio-maintenance","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"投資ポートフォリオの維持","plainText":"毎月の軽い運用確認、コストと配分の年次見直し、大きなライフイベント時の見直しでポートフォリオを維持します。ニュースに反応せず、拠出で目標に戻します。\n毎月・毎年・イベント時の見直し、戦略変更の要否、年次チェックリスト。\n運用アラート（積立・セキュリティ）は毎月、戦略見直しは年1〜2回。\nライフイベント（収入・家族・在留）は見直しの契機。ニュースは違います。\n毎年、コスト・投信・証券会社・受取人・税務記録を見直します。\n可能な限り拠出で目標へリバランスします。\n取り崩しに備え、税・出国のための記録を保ちます。\n見直しの頻度\n良い維持は、ほとんどが軽く低頻度です。毎月は、自動積立が実行されたことと、口座のセキュリティが健全なこと（アラート有効・不審な操作なし）を確認するだけで十分で、成績を見る必要はありません。年1〜2回、戦略的な見直しを行います。配分は目標近くか、コストはなお低いか、投信と証券会社はなお最適か。\nイベント時の見直しが第3の層です。収入・家族・雇用・在留の大きな変化の後、計画がなお合うかを再確認します。目的は、常にいじる計画ではなく、着実に保ち、適切な時に意図的に調整する計画です。\n戦略を変える・変えないもの\n最も難しい規律は、雑音に反応しないことです。相場の下落・怖いニュース・耳寄りな情報だけで戦略を変えるべきではありません——先月あなたの目標に合っていた配分は、価格が動いただけで間違いにはなりません。ニュースへの反応は、投資家が長期の結果を損なう最も多い方法です。\n変更の契機になるべきもの：目標・時間軸・収入の安定・リスクキャパシティの変化、結婚・出産・転職・海外転居の予定などのライフイベント、または投信・証券会社の本当の問題（大きなコスト増、繰上償還）。市場の変化ではなく、人生の変化のために計画を変えます。\n年次チェックリスト\n年1回、簡単なチェックリストを実行します。配分が帯内かを確認し、必要なら拠出でリバランス。コストを確認——投信の手数料、より良い/安い投信や証券会社が今あるか。受取人と口座情報を見直します。税のため、その年の取引報告書と配当明細を保管します。取り崩しが近いなら、現金の緩衝と取崩し計画を確認します。\n越境の結びつきがある人は、外国の義務と、必要なら出国手続の確認を加えます。これを年次の習慣に留めることで、放置と過度ないじりの両方を防ぎ、税の時期や将来の転居をはるかに円滑にします。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/portfolio-maintenance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:portfolio-rebalancing","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:investment-records-and-statements","guide:investing-for-retirement"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner:ja","entityId":"guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者の証券口座開設","plainText":"外国人居住者は通常、在留カード・マイナンバー・同一名義の日本の銀行口座・有効な税務上の居住地の申告が必要です。申込はオンラインか郵送で会社により異なり、却下の多くは氏名不一致や書類の残存有効期間の短さから生じます。\n在留カード、マイナンバー、日本の銀行口座、氏名の一致、在留資格、却下の対処。\n基本書類：在留カード・マイナンバー・本人名義の日本の銀行口座。\n日本と外国の税務上の居住地を申告。米国人はFATCAの追加手続。\n完全オンライン開設可の会社と、外国籍に郵送を要する会社があります。\n書類間の氏名の一致が、最も多い成否の分かれ目です。\n在留カードの残存有効期間が短いと、開設が遅れる・できないことがあります。\n必要書類\n基本要件は、日本の居住地住所、本人確認書類（マイナンバーカード・在留カード・運転免許証・パスポートの認められた組み合わせ）、マイナンバー、入出金のための本人名義の日本の銀行口座との連携です。加えて、日本と外国の税務上の居住地を申告し、雇用・インサイダー・資金源の情報を提供します。\nマイナンバーカードは通常、本人確認が最も速くなります。マイナンバーカードのない在留カードは、追加のマイナンバー・住所書類とともに受理されることが多いです。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者はFATCAの申告を行い、商品制限を受けることがあります。\nオンラインと郵送、在留資格\n申込方法は会社で異なります。在留カードで完全オンライン開設できる会社もあれば、外国籍には郵送手続を要し時間がかかる会社もあります。SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井は在留カード書類を受け付ける手続を公表していますが、オンライン/郵送の経路は異なります。選ぶ前に、自分の国籍向けの現行手続を確認します。\n税法は在留基準ですが、在留資格・在留カードの有効期間は重要です。残存有効期間が短いと、どれだけの期間サービスできるかを会社が評価するため、開設が遅れる・できないことがあります。申込前にカードに十分な残り期間があることを確認します。\n却下の対処\nよくある却下理由は、書類間の氏名不一致、書類の有効期間の短さ、対応外の国籍・税務上の居住地、他機関でのNISA重複、本人確認の失敗です。重要な公的地位（PEP）や制裁対象国との関係は、強化審査や却下を招き得て、これらの方針が完全に公表されることはまれです。\n再申込の前に、具体的な原因を直します。在留カード・銀行記録・申込書で氏名を一致させ、期限が近いカードを更新し、NISA重複を解消し、会社が国籍・在留資格を受け入れるか確認します。NISA重複が原因なら、まず他機関からの移管・廃止書類が必要になり得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:brokerage-name-matching","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:what-is-nisa"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokerage-name-matching:ja","entityId":"guide:brokerage-name-matching","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人の証券口座での氏名・本人確認の問題","plainText":"外国人が証券申込に失敗する最も多い理由は氏名の不一致です——ローマ字とカタカナ、ミドルネーム、順序、省略形が、在留カード・銀行口座・カードで異なることです。申込前にすべて一致させます。\nローマ字、カタカナ、ミドルネーム、省略名、そして在留カード・銀行・カード記録の一致。\n氏名不一致は、外国人の申込・銀行連携失敗の最も多い原因です。\nローマ字・カタカナ・書類上の順序を、どこでも一致させる必要があります。\nミドルネームや省略形は記録間で異なりがちで、よくある失敗点です。\n証券口座の氏名は、連携する銀行口座、しばしばカードとも一致が必要です。\n申込前に、すべての記録を一つの一貫した形に直します。\n氏名が失敗を招く理由\n日本の金融システムは本人確認を厳密に照合し、外国人の氏名は想定外の例外を生みます。氏名は、在留カードではローマ字、銀行口座ではカタカナ、ミドルネームの有無、異なる順序、日常の省略形で現れ得ます。これらが一致しないと、申込が却下されたり、入金用の銀行口座との連携が失敗したりします。\nこれは氏名に「間違い」があるという話ではなく、1文字ずつ照合するシステム間の一貫性の問題です。ミドルネームが1つ違う、カタカナ表記が合わない、それだけで申込が止まり得ます。\n記録を一致させる\n解決は一貫性です。証券会社に申し込む前に、在留カード・連携する日本の銀行口座・（クレカ積立が絡むなら）クレジットカードで氏名を同一にします。一つの形（ミドルネームの有無、カタカナの表記を含む）を決め、どこでも使います。既に異なる記録は、まず元（銀行やカード発行会社）で修正します。\n最も重要なのは銀行連携です。証券会社は同一名義の入金用銀行口座を求めるため、そこでの不一致は設定全体を止めます。事前に記録を一致させることで、却下されそうな申込を円滑な開設に変えます。\n準備チェックリスト\n申込前に、簡単に確認します。在留カードの正確なつづりと順序を確認。銀行口座の氏名（カタカナを含む）が一致するか確認。投資に使うカードも一致するか確認。ミドルネームの有無を記録し、どこでも同じ選択を保ちます。在留カードの残存有効期間が十分か確認します。\n不一致を見つけたら、会社が見逃すことを期待せず、申込前に修正します。ここでの少しの準備が、外国人の申込失敗の最も多く厄介な原因を避けます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokerage-name-matching","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:moving-abroad-with-investments:ja","entityId":"guide:moving-abroad-with-investments","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の投資を持って海外へ移る","plainText":"出国時、NISAは特定の適格な一時的ケースを除き原則継続できず、課税口座は会社と渡航先により維持可否が分かれ、大きな金融資産の保有者には別途出国税があり得ます。出国前に証券会社へ届け出て記録を取得します。\nNISA・課税口座の扱い、証券会社の制限、売却代金の送金、出国税、出国前チェックリスト。\nNISAは非居住者になると原則廃止。事前申告した適格な一時出国の継続を除きます。\n海外では新規のNISA買付は不可。継続は最長5年の期間です。\n課税口座は、会社と渡航先により維持または制限されます。\n大きな特定金融資産を持つ出国者には、別途出国税があり得ます。\n出国前に会社へ届け出て、全記録を取得し、送金と母国の税を計画します。\nNISAの扱い\nNISAは居住者向けの制度のため、非居住者になると原則継続できません。例外が一つあります。やむを得ない理由（転勤など）で一時的に離れる人は、会社が手続を提供し出国前に継続届を出せば、既存保有の非課税扱いを保てます——ただし海外では新規買付不可、継続中は金融機関を変更できず、5周年を含む年の年末までに帰国届を出さないとNISAは廃止され保有は一般口座へ移ります。\nその他の出国、または継続を申請しない場合、NISAは原則廃止され、保有は課税口座へ移ります。会社が非居住者向けにその口座を維持できることが前提です。\n課税口座と出国税\n課税口座は様々です。特定・一般口座が出国後も維持できるかは、会社・渡航先・保有商品によります——一部の会社は特定の国の居住者にサービスできません。出国を会社に届け出ないと、遡及課税や口座制限を招き得るため、出発前に伝えます。\n別途、日本の出国税制度が、一定の在留歴があり特定金融資産を1億円以上持つ一部の出国者に適用され得ます。これは通常のルールではなく個別性が高く——該当し得るなら、出発の十分前に専門家の助言を受けてください。\n出国前チェックリスト\n出発前に出国を計画します。各証券会社・銀行に連絡し、非居住者方針を理解し、出国手続を書面で入手します。保有が重要なら税務の助言を得て、保有か売却かを決めます——自動的に売らず、税・市場・移管・継続の影響を比較します。全記録を取得します。年間報告書・取得価額・配当明細・保有確認は、数年後に必要になり得ます。\n売却代金の送金（銀行・マネロン対策・税の手続に従う）も計画し、連絡先を更新し、日本の出国後の義務と渡航先の税制の両方を理解します。保有が大きい・越境の状況なら、個別助言を受けます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/moving-abroad-with-investments","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-leaving-japan"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:temporary-residents-investing","guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:nisa-when-not-first","guide:investment-records-and-statements"]},"sources":[{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-for-us-citizens:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"米国市民のためのNISA","plainText":"在日の米国市民はNISAを開設でき日本の税は消えますが、米国での非課税にはなりません。中に持つ投信がPFICや報告の問題を生み得るため、NISAが価値を持つのは、商品ごとの慎重な米国側の分析の後だけです。\n日本の税優遇、米国での自動非課税の不在、投信選びの複雑さ、証券会社の制限、報告。\nNISAは日本の税を消すが米国の非課税ではありません——米国は全世界所得課税。\n米国側の複雑さは、入れ物ではなくNISA内に持つ投信で決まります。\nNISA内の日本の投信はPFICになり得て、Form 8621の義務を生みます。\n一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を制限します。方針は異なります。\nNISAは保有次第でなお価値があり得ます——ただし越境確認の後だけ。\n日本の恩恵で、米国のものではない\n在日の米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は通常NISAを開設できます——資格は在留基準です。日本国内では、NISAは通常どおり機能し、対象の利益・配当への日本の税を消します。重要な点は、NISAが米国内国歳入法ではなく日本の法律の規定であり、米国での非課税を与えないことです。米国は市民に全世界所得課税し、NISA所得も米国で申告・課税対象になり得ます。\nよって米国関係者は日本の恩恵を得つつ、米国の義務を完全に負います。NISAが有益かは、中に何を持ち、米国がそれをどう扱うかに大きく依存します。\n投信選びこそ本当の問題\n複雑さは保有に宿ります。日本籍の投信——NISA内の標準的な初心者の選択——は、米国上PFICになり得て、ファンドごとのForm 8621や懲罰的課税・複雑な選択を要し得ます。よって「当然の」低コストのインデックス投信が、分析のない米国関係者にはまさに誤った選択になり得ます。対象の個別株は通常PFICではなく、米国籍証券はPFIC問題を避けますが、証券会社のアクセスの問題を生みます。\n一部の会社は米国人を制限します。例えば楽天は米国人が同社の外国株商品を取引できないとし、他社も異なる規則を課します。これらは商業・規制上の方針で、普遍的なNISAの規則ではありません。\nNISAがなお価値を持つか\nNISAは米国関係者にもなお有益であり得ますが、商品ごとの分析の後だけです。PFIC問題を避ける米国籍証券や対象の個別株を持つなら、NISAによる日本の税の除去は、管理可能な米国報告とともに真の価値を加え得ます。分析なしに日本の投信を持つと、米国のPFIC負担が日本の恩恵を上回り得ます。\n安全な順序は、NISA内で何かを買う前に越境助言を済ませることで、PFIC分類・Form 8621・FBAR・Form 8938・外国税額控除・遺産税の露出を扱います。NISAは米国関係者にとって自動的に良くも悪くもなく、保有と、それが生む報告に完全に依存します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-for-us-citizens","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:pfic-japanese-funds","guide:fbar-form-8938","guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs"]},"sources":[{"id":"irs-pfic-8621","publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","title":"Form 8621（PFIC情報申告）について","url":"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-8621","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fincen-fbar","publisher":"米国金融犯罪取締ネットワーク（FinCEN）","title":"外国銀行・金融口座報告（FBAR）","url":"https://www.fincen.gov/report-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"irs-form-8938","publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","title":"Form 8938（特定外国金融資産の報告）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations/do-i-need-to-file-form-8938-statement-of-specified-foreign-financial-assets","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pfic-japanese-funds:ja","entityId":"guide:pfic-japanese-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"PFIC規則と日本の投資信託","plainText":"PFICは米国税法上の外国の受動的投資会社で、多くの日本の投信が該当し得ます。ファンドごとのForm 8621を要し、懲罰的な「超過分配」課税を招き得るため、米国関係者は日本の投信を安全と決めつけず「要分析」と考えるべきです。\nPFICとは、日本の投信が該当し得る理由、Form 8621、超過分配の懸念、商品ごとの分析が重要な理由。\nPFICは、米国税法上、所得・資産の大半が受動的な外国法人です。\n日本のものを含む多くの非米国投信がPFICになり得ます。\n米国株主は、保有するPFICごとにForm 8621が必要になり得ます。\n「超過分配」への既定のPFIC課税は懲罰的で、選択（elections）は複雑です。\n分類は個別性が高い——安全と決めつけず、要分析と考えます。\nPFICとは\n受動的外国投資会社（PFIC）は、主に受動的な外国法人——所得の大半が受動的（配当・利子など）か、資産の大半が受動的所得を生む——に対する米国税法上の分類です。多くの外国投信のような米国外に設立された集団投資ビークルは、投資の保有そのものが目的のため、この基準にしばしば該当します。\nよって日本籍の投信は、米国株主にとってPFICになり得ます。すべての外国投資がPFICではなく——通常の事業会社の株式は一般に該当しません——が、受動的資産の保有を業とするファンドは典型的な候補です。\nForm 8621と超過分配\nPFICの保有は報告と、しばしば厳しい課税を伴います。米国関係者は、保有するPFICごとに別々のForm 8621が必要になり得ます——複数の日本の投信を持つと複数の様式になり得ます。既定の制度では、「超過分配」（大きな分配や売却益）が高い税率と、繰延を実質的に罰する利子charge付きで課税され、通常の投資課税よりはるかに悪い結果を生みます。\n扱いを改善し得る選択（時価評価や、可能な場合はQEF選択など）がありますが、複雑で、ファンドが容易に提供しない特定情報を要し、正しく処理する必要があります。これは自分で行う計算ではなく専門家の領域です。\n商品ごとの分析が重要な理由\n在日の米国関係者の実務的な原則は、日本の投信を安全と決めつけず「PFIC分析が必要」と考えることです。人気の低コストのインデックス投信も、安く分散されているというだけでこれらの規則を免れません。日本上場のETFにも一律の答えはなく——多くの非米国ファンドは分析を要します。\n結果は個別性が高く、正確なビークルと選択に依存するため、一般的な説明から自分で商品を分類しないでください。日本の集団投資を買う前に、資格ある日米越境税務の専門家の助言を得ます。米国籍ETFや個別証券がPFIC問題を完全に避けることがよくありますが、入手可否と適切さは別の分析です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/pfic-japanese-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","guide:fbar-form-8938","guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs"]},"sources":[{"id":"irs-pfic-8621","publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","title":"Form 8621（PFIC情報申告）について","url":"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-8621","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fbar-form-8938:ja","entityId":"guide:fbar-form-8938","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の証券口座とFBAR・Form 8938","plainText":"米国関係者は、年間のいずれかの時点で外国金融口座の合計が1万米ドルを超えるとFBARを提出し、別途、異なる基準でForm 8938が必要になり得ます。日本の銀行・証券・NISA口座が対象になり得て、提出自体は納税を意味しません。\n外国金融口座、FBARの合計基準、Form 8938との違い、NISA・証券口座の対象、提出は納税とは別。\nFBAR（FinCEN Report 114）は、年間のいずれかで外国口座合計が1万米ドル超のとき必要。\n日本の銀行・証券・NISA口座は、報告対象の外国金融口座になり得ます。\nForm 8938は別のFATCA申告で、通常より高い異なる基準です。\n一方の提出は他方の代わりになりません。両方必要なことがあります。\n情報申告の提出自体は、納税義務を意味しません。\nFBARの基本\nFBAR（外国銀行・金融口座報告、FinCEN Report 114）は、所得税申告とは別の情報申告です。米国関係者は、暦年のいずれかの時点で外国金融口座の合計額が1万米ドルを超えると提出しなければなりません——口座ごとではなく、全口座の合計のピークである点に注意します。日本の銀行口座・証券口座・NISAを含む一部のファンド口座が対象になり得ます。\n基準が合計で、年間の最高残高を使うため、気づかず超えやすいです。いくつかの通常の日本の口座が、ある時点で合計1万米ドルを超え得ます。各口座の年間の最高額を報告します。\nForm 8938との違い\nForm 8938（特定外国金融資産の報告）は、所得税申告に添付する別のFATCA申告で、定義と基準が異なり——通常FBARより高く、申告区分や海外居住かで変わります。「特定外国金融資産」を対象とし、外国口座や一部の外国投資を含み得ます。\n要点は、FBARとForm 8938が2つの別々の義務であることです。一方の提出は他方を満たさず、残高により両方・どちらも不要・一方のみになり得ます。重複するが同一ではない問いを尋ねるため、両方提出することがよくあります。\n提出は納税ではない\n重要な安心材料：これらは情報申告で税の請求ではありません。FBARやForm 8938の提出は外国口座の保有を開示するもので、それ自体が納税義務を生みません。米国の税を負うかは、開示様式ではなく所得（配当・利益・PFICの帰結）によります。\nただし、必要な時にこれらを提出しない場合の罰則は重いことがあるため、税ではなくても報告は重要です。日本に口座を持つ米国関係者は、FBARとForm 8938を毎年見直す確認事項として扱い、どれが該当するかは専門家の助けで正確に判断してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/fbar-form-8938","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","guide:pfic-japanese-funds","guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs"]},"sources":[{"id":"fincen-fbar","publisher":"米国金融犯罪取締ネットワーク（FinCEN）","title":"外国銀行・金融口座報告（FBAR）","url":"https://www.fincen.gov/report-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"irs-form-8938","publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","title":"Form 8938（特定外国金融資産の報告）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations/do-i-need-to-file-form-8938-statement-of-specified-foreign-financial-assets","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"米国納税者：日本の投信と米国籍ETF","plainText":"米国納税者にとって、日本の投信はNISA対象ですがPFICの扱いのリスクがあり、米国籍ETFはPFICを避けますが米国人を認める証券会社が必要で米国遺産税の露出を高めます。普遍的な答えはなく、個別の越境分析のみです。\n日本のNISA対象、PFICの露出、証券会社の制限、通貨・取引コスト、源泉徴収、報告、遺産の考慮。\n日本の投信：NISA対象だが、米国関係者にはPFICの露出が濃厚。\n米国籍ETF：PFICを避けるが、米国人を受け入れる証券会社が必要。\n米国所在資産は、非米国配偶者を含め米国遺産税の露出を生み得ます。\n通貨・取引コスト・外国源泉徴収が2つの経路で異なります。\n普遍的な推奨はなく、越境の全体状況で決まります。\n核心のトレードオフ\n在日の米国納税者にとって、2つの明白な経路は逆方向に引きます。日本の投信はNISA対象で現地で簡単に買えますが、Form 8621の義務と潜在的に懲罰的な米国課税を伴うPFICの露出が濃厚です。米国籍ETFはPFIC問題を避けますが——米国証券だからです——米国人が保有できる証券会社が必要で、日本の投信のようにNISAにきれいに収まらないことがあります。\nよって国内投信の日本税上の簡潔さは米国側の複雑さを伴い得て、米国ETFの米国税上の簡潔さはアクセス・口座の制約を伴い得ます。どちらも自動的に優れてはいません。\nコスト・源泉徴収・遺産\nPFICの他に、いくつかの実務要因が異なります。通貨・取引コスト：米国ETFは通常、円をドルに両替（為替スプレッド）し米国市場の取引コストを伴い得る一方、円建ての日本の投信は両替を内包します。外国源泉徴収は米国証券の配当に適用されます。そして重要な点として、米国所在資産（米国ETFや米国株など）は米国遺産税の露出を生み得ます——相続する非米国籍の配偶者にも影響し得る重大な問題です。\nこれらの要因は、金額・報告の対応力・家族の状況により、判断をどちらにも押し得ます。特に遺産税の露出は見落としやすく、大きな保有では重要になり得ます。\n普遍的な答えがない理由\n正しい選択は、PFIC規則・証券会社のアクセス・通貨と取引コスト・源泉徴収・米国と日本の報告・遺産税の露出・州の居住地の相互作用に依存するため、万能の推奨はありません。同じ商品が、ある米国関係者には妥当で別の人には誤りになり得ます。\n信頼できるのは商品選びではなく手順です。購入前に、資格ある日米税務の専門家と個別の越境確認を済ませ、明細を円と米ドルの両方で保管します。本ページはトレードオフを整理するもので、どちらを買うべきかは述べません。それは、あなたのアドバイザーだけが評価できる事実に本当に依存するためです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/japan-funds-vs-us-etfs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:pfic-japanese-funds","guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","guide:fbar-form-8938"]},"sources":[{"id":"irs-pfic-8621","publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","title":"Form 8621（PFIC情報申告）について","url":"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-8621","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"irs-form-8938","publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","title":"Form 8938（特定外国金融資産の報告）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations/do-i-need-to-file-form-8938-statement-of-specified-foreign-financial-assets","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fincen-fbar","publisher":"米国金融犯罪取締ネットワーク（FinCEN）","title":"外国銀行・金融口座報告（FBAR）","url":"https://www.fincen.gov/report-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-brokerages-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:best-brokerages-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"唯一の最良はありません。総コスト・商品・税務対応・言語・サービス・安全性で評価します。前提の下では、自分で運用する居住者にはSBI・楽天・マネックス・松井、英語対応ではインタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券が先行します。\n証券会社の評価軸、「最良」が顧客次第である理由、前提を置いた用途別の有力候補。\n「最良」は必要次第——普遍的な勝者はいません。\n総コスト・商品・税務口座対応・言語・サービス・安全性で評価します。\n毎月買付する自分で運用する居住者には、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井が先行。\n一貫した英語対応と全世界アクセスでは、IBKR証券が先行します。\nポイント率は低めに評価——変わりやすくカード年会費で相殺され得ます。\n証券会社の評価軸\nここでの順位は、オンラインで取引し電子交付を受け入れ、主にNISAと特定口座で投資し、毎月おおむね3万〜10万円を買付し、低い総コスト・商品の広さ・税務事務・安全性・信頼性を重視する個人の日本居住者を前提とします。前提が異なれば——アクティブ取引・対面助言・特定のエコシステム——答えは変わります。\n総コスト（手数料・為替スプレッド・投信費用・移管手数料）・商品の広さ・税務口座対応・言語・顧客サービス・安全性で評価し、表面の最安手数料や一時的なポイント率では評価しません。ポイント率は、変わりやすくカード年会費や利用条件で相殺され得るため低めに評価します。\n顧客タイプ別の有力候補\n毎月買付する自分で運用する日本語話者の初心者には、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井が自然な最初の比較対象です。広いNISA投信メニュー・積立・低いオンライン価格・確立したインフラがあります。松井はサポート重視の初心者と少額の国内株取引に特に魅力的で、三菱UFJ eスマートはMUFG・au・Pontaのエコシステムに組み込まれた利用者に向きます。\n英語中心の居住者には、インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券が、確認された一貫した英語のサイト・サポートと広い全世界アクセスを持ちます。ただしプロ向けの画面は、最も簡単な日本の投信体験を望む人より、越境の詳細に慣れた投資家に向きます。\n決める前に確認する\nどの候補でも、入金前に自分に重要な具体的事実を確認します。意図するファンドを意図する枠で取り扱うか、国籍・在留資格を受け入れるか、為替・移管のコストは、そして出国し得るなら出国方針は。FSAの登録業者データベース（およびJSDA会員）の登録は、法的認可を確認しますが適合性は確認しません。\nこのクラスターの他のページは、用途別に選択を絞ります——初心者・外国人居住者・英語対応・NISA・日本株・米国株・投信・少額の毎月投資・アクティブ取引・ポイント——いずれも同じ標準化された軸を適用します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/best-brokerages-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:brokerage-fees-compared","guide:brokers-for-beginners","guide:brokers-english-support"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokerage-fees-compared:ja","entityId":"guide:brokerage-fees-compared","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の証券会社の手数料比較","plainText":"コスト全体を比べます。国内・外国の手数料、為替スプレッド、信託報酬、単元未満株スプレッド、移管手数料です。複数の会社が課税の米国株に約0.495%（上限22米ドル）、対象のNISA商品に0円ですが、「手数料無料」は決して無コストではありません。\n国内手数料、外国株手数料、為替スプレッド、投信コスト、単元未満株スプレッド、そして手数料無料が無コストでない理由。\n国内オンライン株手数料は、経路・電子交付の条件で0円になり得ます。\n課税の米国株手数料は多くが0.495%・上限22米ドル。対象のNISA米国商品は0円のことも。\n円↔外貨の為替スプレッドは実在の継続コスト——ドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社も。\n信託報酬・単元未満株スプレッド・移管手数料が総額に加わります。\n手数料無料は無コストではありません。スプレッド・投信費用・源泉徴収は残ります。\n国内・外国の手数料\n表面手数料は大きく下がりました。複数の大手ネット証券は、条件付き（電子交付とスマート注文の同意）で国内オンライン株を0円、NISA対象の国内・米国株・投信を0円で提供します。課税の米国株では、約定代金の約0.495%・上限約22米ドルが一般的な体系です。\n従来のフルサービス・店舗チャネルははるかに高く、店舗の国内手数料は最低額付きで1%を超え得ます。よって同じ取引が、オンラインではほぼ無料、店舗では100倍以上高くなり得ます。チャネルを必要に合わせます。\n為替スプレッドと投信コスト\n外国証券では、為替スプレッド——会社が通貨を買う・売るレートの差——が手数料より大きなコストのことがよくあります。リアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社もあれば、1ドルあたりのスプレッド（例：約0.20円）を適用する会社もあります。両替コストは売買のたびに生じるため、現行の条件と方向を確認します。\n長期保有者には、投信のコストが取引手数料より重要です。信託報酬に加え、投資対象ファンドの費用・保管・トラッキング差異が毎年複利で効きます。年1%高い投信の前では、わずかに安い手数料は無関係です。\n単元未満株・移管・隠れコスト\n他のコストは表面の下に隠れます。単元未満株の購入は、単元より広いスプレッドを伴い得ます。移管手数料は、証券を他社へ移すとかかります。株式・ETFの売買スプレッドは暗黙のコストです。外国配当は源泉地国の課税を伴います。そして一部の「手数料無料」は、適用に電子交付や経路の同意を要します。\n教訓は、手数料の行だけでなく、実際の使い方でコスト全体を比べることです。手数料がやや高くても、為替スプレッドが狭く投信が安い会社は、全世界投資家には全体で安くなり得ます。実際に生じるコストを合計します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokerage-fees-compared","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:brokerage-account-requirements","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:currency-risk-yen"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-fees","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: fees","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-fees","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: fees","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/commission/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"monex-fees","publisher":"Monex Securities","title":"Monex Securities: fees","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/service/fee/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokerage-account-requirements:ja","entityId":"guide:brokerage-account-requirements","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"証券口座の要件比較","plainText":"日本の証券口座開設には、マイナンバー・本人確認・一致する日本の銀行口座・税務上の居住地の申告が必要です。米国人はFATCA申告を加え商品制限を受け、却下の多くは氏名不一致・書類の有効期間の短さ・NISA重複から生じます。\nマイナンバー、在留カード、納税者番号、氏名の一致、米国人申告、在留資格、インサイダー申告、却下理由。\nマイナンバーは通常、証券の税務事務とNISAに必要です。\n在留カードと、一致する名義の日本の銀行口座が基本要件です。\n米国籍・グリーンカードはFATCA申告と商品制限の可能性を生みます。\n在留カードの短い有効期間・インサイダー・複数の税務上の居住地が処理に影響します。\nよくある却下：氏名不一致・有効期間の短さ・NISA重複・確認失敗。\n基本要件\nすべての申込者に本人確認とマイナンバーが必要で、証券の税務事務とNISAに通常必須です。マイナンバーカードは通常最も速く、それのない在留カード等は追加のマイナンバー・住所書類とともに受理されることが多いです。入金のため本人名義の日本の銀行口座も必要で、日本と外国の税務上の居住地を申告します。\n基本の他に、会社は雇用・インサイダー・国籍・資金源の情報を集めます。会社のインサイダーは、勤務先や関係する上場会社に紐づく追加申告と取引制限を受けます。\n米国人・在留資格・複数居住地\n特定の状況は手続を増やします。米国籍やグリーンカードはFATCA申告を生み商品制限を伴い得ます——一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を禁じます。複数の税務上の居住地は、追加の納税者番号と自己証明を要します。重要な公的地位や制裁対象国との関係は、強化審査や却下を招き得ます。\n税法は在留基準ですが、在留資格・在留カードの有効期間は重要で、残存が短いと開設が遅れる・できないことがあります。出国予定なら、後の口座の扱いに影響するため、申込前に非居住者継続方針を確認します。\nよくある却下理由\n却下の多くは少数の原因に帰します。在留カード・銀行記録・申込書の間の氏名不一致（最も多い）、書類の有効期間の短さ、対応外の国籍・税務上の居住地、他機関でのNISA重複、本人確認の失敗です。既に他社でNISAがあるなら、新規NISA開設の前に移管・廃止書類が必要になり得ます。\n解決は準備です。氏名をどこでも一致させ、期限の近いカードを更新し、NISA重複を解消し、会社が自分の状況を受け入れるか確認します。処理時間は、書類と税務署の確認により、即日の仮アクセスから数週間まで幅があります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokerage-account-requirements","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:brokerage-name-matching","guide:brokerage-fees-compared","guide:investing-as-foreign-resident"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:online-vs-full-service-brokers:ja","entityId":"guide:online-vs-full-service-brokers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ネット証券とフルサービス証券","plainText":"ネット証券は、自分で運用するパッシブ投資でコストとアプリの使いやすさに優れます。フルサービスは対面助言・債券・IPO・相続・資産サービスを加えますが、手数料がはるかに高く販売の利益相反があり得ます。\nネット証券と店舗証券：助言と対面、債券/IPO/相続、コスト差、利益相反。\nネット証券：最安コスト・最良アプリ、自分で運用するパッシブ投資に最適。\nフルサービス：対面助言・債券・IPO・相続・資産サービス。\n店舗・総合コースの手数料はネットのほぼ0に対し1%超になり得ます。\nアドバイザーの報酬は中立でなく、商品販売が利益相反を生み得ます。\n多くの投資家はネットで自分で運用し、特定の複雑なニーズにのみフルサービスを使います。\nネット証券の得意分野\nネット証券（SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井など）は自分で運用する投資向けに作られています。条件付きの低い・無料の手数料、優れたモバイルアプリ、容易な積立、広い低コスト投信メニュー、ポイント・カード連携です。分散インデックス投信を毎月買う初心者や長期のパッシブ投資家には、通常、圧倒的に最安で最も便利な選択です。\nトレードオフは、判断を自分で行うことです。案内や教育はありますが、ポートフォリオを運用する人のアドバイザーはいません——単純なインデックス戦略にはそれは欠点ではなく利点です。\nフルサービスが加えるもの\nフルサービス証券（野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ）は、対面助言・店舗、そして債券・IPO配分・相続/遺産サービス・資産運用へのアクセスを加えます。複雑な状況・富裕層のニーズ・案内と対面支援を本当に重視する投資家には、そのサービスがコストを正当化し得ます。\nしかしコストは現実です。店舗・総合コースの手数料は、通常の国内取引でネットのほぼ0に対し1%を超え得て、商品メニューは継続費用が高いことがあります。単純なパッシブ投資では、この差は正当化しづらいです。\n利益相反と選び方\n助言には注意が伴います。アドバイザーの報酬は中立ではありません。会社が特定商品の販売でより多く稼ぐとき、推奨は販売の誘因とあなたの利益の両方を反映し得ます。助言が無価値というわけではありませんが、どの推奨にも総コストとベンチマーク比較の明示を求め、鵜呑みにせず精査すべきです。\nよくある形は、低コスト投資はネットで自分で運用し、フルサービスの関係は特定のニーズ——複雑な債券・IPO・相続計画——にのみ、サービスが本当に価値を加える場面で使うことです。すべてを一つに任せず、作業にチャネルを合わせます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/online-vs-full-service-brokers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:advised-investing-japan","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:robo-advisors-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-beginners:ja","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-beginners","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"初心者向けのおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"初心者には、開設が簡単で、分かりやすいアプリ、低い投信最低額（100円から）、簡単な積立、良いサポートを持つ会社が向きます。日本語話者の初心者には楽天・SBI・松井・マネックスが定番の候補です。\n開設のしやすさ、アプリ、教育、投信最低額、積立、初めての投資家へのサポート。\n高度なツールより、開設の容易さ・分かりやすいアプリ・簡単な積立を優先。\n低い投信最低額（多くは100円）で、少額から始め自動化できます。\n楽天・SBI・松井・マネックスが定番の初心者候補です。\n松井はサポートと少額の国内株取引で目立ちます。\n開設は多くが日本語。英語の必要性は別途確認します。\n初心者に重要なこと\n初心者には、アクティブトレーダーを感心させる高度な機能はほとんど関係ありません。重要なのは、始めて続けることです。分かりやすい開設手続、迷わず操作できるアプリ、少額から始められる低い投信最低額、そして投資を自動化する簡単な積立です。初心者向けの教育と迅速なサポートが自信を育てます。\n信用取引・デリバティブ・50の市場は不要です。必要なのは、摩擦なく毎月1本の分散された低コスト投信を買うことです。機能の一覧が最も長い会社ではなく、それを簡単にする会社を選びます。\n定番の候補\n日本語話者の初心者には、楽天・SBI・松井・マネックスが自然な最初の比較です。いずれも広いNISA投信メニュー・100円の最低額・積立・確立したインフラを提供します。楽天とSBIは強いエコシステムを持つ既定の低コスト選択、松井は電話サポートが手厚く少額の国内株価格が有用で特に初心者向け、マネックスは慣れてくると調査に強いです。\nエコシステムの相性が決め手になり得ます。既に楽天のサービスを使うなら楽天証券がきれいに連携し、SMBC/OliveやVポイントを使うならSBI、MUFG/au/Pontaの世界にいるなら三菱UFJ eスマートが一見の価値があります。\n良いスタートを切る\n会社を選んだら、初心者の道はどこでも同じです。NISAを開き、分散された低コストのインデックス投信を1本選び、続けられる毎月の積立を設定し、自動化します。会社選びを最適化しすぎないこと——上位数社の差は、実際に始めて投資を続けることに比べれば小さいです。\n開設時や税書類で英語対応が必須なら、それは別の考慮です——初心者向けの多くの会社は主に日本語で開設するため、思い込む前に英語対応のページを確認します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokers-for-beginners","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-for-beginners","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokers-english-support","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-english-support:ja","entityId":"guide:brokers-english-support","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"英語対応のおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"調査で確認した中では、インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券が最も明確な一貫した英語のサイト・サポートを持ちます。日本の証券会社は主に日本語で、ブラウザ翻訳は法的に有効な書類を英語にはしません。\n英語のサイト・申込・取引画面・税書類・サポート、そしてブラウザ翻訳の限界。\nIBKR証券は、対象の中で最も確実な一貫した英語対応を持ちます。\n必要な各段階で英語を確認：開設・取引・税書類・トラブル対応。\n多くの日本の証券会社は、開設・サポートが主に日本語です。\nブラウザ翻訳は代わりになりません——有効な書類は日本語のままのことがあります。\nIBKRのプロ向け画面は、越境の詳細に慣れた投資家に向きます。\n最も明確な英語の選択肢\n本調査で確認した中で、インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券は最も明確な一貫した英語を持ちます。英語のサイト・申込・取引画面、英語の電話・メール・チャットサポート、加えて広い国際市場アクセスとNISA対応です。英語中心の居住者には、最も確実な選択です。\nトレードオフは、IBKRがプロ向けのプラットフォームであることです。注文種別・市場アクセス・越境の税務の詳細は、日本のインデックス投信を1本買いたいだけの初心者を圧倒し得ます。より複雑な画面と越境の考慮に慣れた投資家に向きます。\n各段階で英語を確認\n英語対応は「全か無か」ではありません。実際に必要な各段階で確認します。口座開設、日々の取引、税書類、そして——重要な——問題時のサポート（取引の誤り・セキュリティ事故・出国）です。英語の宣伝ページがあっても、トラブルや税務書類は日本語のみのことがあります。\n一部の日本の証券会社は部分的な英語資料を提供しますが、法的に有効な口座開設・取引の書類やライブサポートは日本語のことが多いです。数ページの翻訳から完全な英語対応を推測しないでください。\nブラウザ翻訳の限界\nブラウザ翻訳は日本の証券会社を日常的に使えるようにしますが、実際の限界があります。法的に拘束する書類——口座規約・リスク開示・税務書式——は日本語のままで、機械翻訳は紛争時に頼れる正式版ではありません。緊急の問題時のライブサポートも日本語です。\nよってブラウザ翻訳は、自信のある利用者には便利ですが、真の英語対応の代わりではありません。すべての重要段階で本物の英語対応が必須ならIBKR証券が確認済みの選択肢、（必要に応じて助けを借りて）日本語書類を扱えるなら、より広い日本の証券会社が低コストの投信エコシステムとともに使えます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokers-english-support","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokers-for-foreign-residents","guide:ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-foreign-residents:ja","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-foreign-residents","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者向けのおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"外国人居住者には、在留カード手続を公表する会社——SBI・マネックス・楽天・松井・IBKR証券——が向きますが、受入は在留資格・税務上の居住地・国籍・商品により、一部はオンラインでなく郵送での開設を要します。\n在留カード対応、マイナンバー、郵送とオンライン開設、国籍制限、非居住者方針、必要書類。\nSBI・マネックス・楽天・松井・IBKR証券が外国人居住者向け手続を公表します。\n受入は在留資格・税務上の居住地・国籍・商品によります。\n一部は完全オンラインでなく、外国籍に郵送手続を要します。\n米国関係者は一部の会社で商品制限を受けます。\n在留カード・マイナンバー・一致する日本の銀行口座を準備します。\n手続を公表する会社\n資格は国籍ではなく在留基準のため、要件を満たす外国人居住者は口座とNISAを開けます。実際に、SBI・マネックス・楽天・松井は在留カード書類を受け付ける手続を公表し、インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券は英語の手続で日本居住者を受け入れます。これらが外国人居住者の自然な候補です。\nただし会社の方針は税法より厳しいことがあります。受入は在留資格・税務上の居住地・国籍・希望する商品により、これらの一覧が完全に公表されることはまれです——思い込む前に自分の具体的なケースを確認します。\nオンラインと郵送、制限\n開設方法は様々です。在留カードで完全オンライン開設できる会社もあれば、外国籍に郵送手続を要し遅い会社もあります。速さが重要なら、自分の国籍向けの経路を確認します。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者はFATCA申告を行い商品制限を受け得ます——一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を禁じます。\n国籍制限・制裁対象国との関係・重要な公的地位は、強化審査や却下を招き得ます。いずれも珍しくありませんが、「最良」の外国人居住者向け会社は、自分の具体的な状況を受け入れ望む商品を扱う会社だということです。\n必要書類チェックリスト\n申込前に準備します。残存有効期間が十分な在留カード、マイナンバー、申込書と一致する名義の本人名義の日本の銀行口座、そして米国関係者ならFATCAと商品制限が適用される認識です。必要な各段階で英語対応を確認し、出国し得るならまず非居住者継続方針を尋ねます。\n在留カード・銀行口座・各カードで氏名を一致させることが最も重要な準備です。不一致は、却下や銀行連携失敗の最も多い原因だからです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokers-for-foreign-residents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:brokers-english-support","guide:brokerage-account-requirements"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:points-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:points-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイント投資のおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"ポイント投資は、エコシステム内の証券会社でロイヤルティポイント（楽天・V・d・Ponta・PayPay）を貯める・使うものです。有用な手数料割戻しですが、囲い込みと条件変更のため、ポイントではなく商品の質と総コストで会社を決めるべきです。\n楽天・V・d・Ponta・PayPayポイント、貯める・使う、エコシステムの囲い込み、期限・条件変更。\n主なエコシステム：楽天ポイント、Vポイント（SBI）、dポイント（マネックス）、Ponta、PayPayポイント。\n投資でポイントを貯められ、一部の会社ではポイント自体で投資できます。\nポイントプログラムは囲い込みを生み、後で乗り換えると連携を失い得ます。\n還元率と条件は変わり、カード年会費で相殺され得ます。\n会社は商品の質と総コストで決め、ポイントはボーナスとして扱います。\n主なポイントエコシステム\n各大手証券会社はポイントエコシステムの中にあります。楽天証券は楽天ポイント、SBIはVポイント、マネックスはdポイント、三菱UFJ eスマートはPonta、PayPay証券はPayPayポイントです。エコシステム内で、会社はクレカ投信積立などでポイントを貯めさせ、一部は貯めたポイントを直接投信に投資させます。\n魅力は、心理的な障壁の低さとコストのわずかな割戻しです。既にこれらのエコシステムの一つで暮らしているなら——楽天で買い物をする、SMBC/Oliveカードを使う——連携は本当に便利です。\n貯めると使う\n2つが混同されます。投資でポイントを貯める（クレカ積立や活動を通じて）のは、どのみち行っていたことへの割戻しです。ポイントを使って投資する（ロイヤルティポイントを投信購入に換える）のは、小さく遊休のポイントを働かせる方法です。どちらも良いですが、いずれも計画以上に投資する・劣った投信を買う理由にはなりません。\n実質価値を計算します。月10万円への1%還元は年12,000円——意味はありますが、率を得るためだけのカード年会費で容易に相殺されます。ポイントは二次的な手数料割戻しで、投資の根拠ではありません。\n囲い込みと条件変更\n本当のリスクは囲い込みです。ポイント主体で会社を選ぶと、一つの商業エコシステムに縛られ、後で乗り換えると連携や貯めた利益を失い得ます。一方で還元率とプログラム条件は頻繁に変わり、ポイントは失効し得ます——惹かれた率が続くとは限りません。\nよって、商品の質・総コスト・税務対応・サービスで会社を決め、どのみち選ぶ会社がたまたま良いプログラムを提供するとき、ポイントを控えめなボーナスとして扱います。ポイント率で高いカードや劣った投信に誘導されないようにします。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/points-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:credit-card-investing","guide:is-credit-card-investing-worth-it","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-points","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: points","url":"https://go.sbisec.co.jp/lp/lp_pointservice.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-points","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: points","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/service/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"monex-points","publisher":"Monex Securities","title":"Monex Securities: points","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/service/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:is-credit-card-investing-worth-it:ja","entityId":"guide:is-credit-card-investing-worth-it","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"クレカ積立は得か？","plainText":"クレカ積立は、カードが既に自分にとって割に合い、投信が適切なとき得です。月10万円への1%還元は年12,000円で、カードの他の特典が本当に見合わない限り、年会費33,000円で容易に相殺されます。\n還元の計算、カード年会費、必要利用額、一時的なキャンペーン、月10万円の具体例。\n還元−カード年会費−本来しない利用、で計算します。\n月10万円への1%還元は年12,000円です。\n年会費33,000円は、還元だけで見合うには他に21,000円以上の本物の価値が必要です。\n継続率を初年度・キャンペーンのボーナスと分けます。\nポイントで劣った投信や不要な利用に押されないこと。\n還元の計算\nクレカ積立は、毎月の投信購入（通常月10万円まで）にポイントを付けます。得かどうかは、一つの計算で判断します。還元−カードの年会費−率のために本来しない追加利用です。純額だけが本物の価値です。\n総額の還元は簡単です。月10万円への1%は年12,000円、0.5%なら6,000円。心地よいが控えめな額で、コストを差し引く前の上限です。\nカード年会費と必要利用額\n還元は、カード自体が理にかなうときだけ価値があります。高い還元率は、年会費のあるプレミアムカードから生じたり、カードでの最低限の非投資利用を要したりします。12,000円の投資還元を得るためだけに年会費33,000円を払えば、カードの他の特典（保険・ラウンジ・他のポイント）が実際に使う価値を少なくともそれだけ提供しない限り、21,000円損です。\n必要利用額にも注意します。例えば年100万円のカード利用に依存する率は、本来以上に使わせるなら無料ではありません。どのみち本当に使う特典だけを数えます。\n具体例\nカードで決済する月10万円を考えます。低・無年会費カードの標準0.5%なら、ほぼ無コストで年6,000円——小さいが明確な得です。年会費33,000円のカードで宣伝の1%なら、12,000円の還元は、カードの特典を別途21,000円以上と評価しない限り年会費で相殺以上です。そして表面の「3%」初年度率は通常キャンペーンで継続率ではありません——一時的なボーナスと毎年得る分を分けます。\n原則：カードが既に自分に割に合い、投信がどのみち買うものなら、クレカ積立は良いボーナスです。還元を追うために主にカード・投信・利用を選ぶなら、通常は得ではありません。ポイントは手数料割戻しで、投資の理由ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/is-credit-card-investing-worth-it","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:credit-card-investing","guide:points-investing","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-card-investment","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: card-investment","url":"https://go.sbisec.co.jp/prd/fund/creditcard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-card-investment","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: card-investment","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/fund/saving/card.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-nisa:ja","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-nisa","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAのおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"NISAでは、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・三菱UFJ eスマートが、広い対象・低いNISA取引手数料・積立で先行します。最適は、望む投信・エコシステム・外国株対応の要否で決まります。\nNISAの商品範囲、投信、日本・米国株、手数料とFX、積立、カード/ポイント連携、外国人居住者対応。\nNISA全体では、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・MUFG eスマートが先行。\n対象投信のラインナップ・積立設定・NISA取引手数料を比べます。\nNISAでの外国株対応は会社ごと——正確な商品を確認します。\nカード・ポイント連携はエコシステムで異なり頻繁に変わります。\nNISA買付は年1社。乗り換えても既存保有は残ります。\n商品範囲と積立\nNISAでは、まず対象商品の範囲と自動化のしやすさを比べます。SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・三菱UFJ eスマートはいずれも、広いNISA投信メニュー・100円の最低額・積立を提供し、NISA対象の国内株・投信の手数料0円を概ねうたいます。意図する投信がFSAリストにあり、望む枠で会社が取り扱うか確認します。\n積立設定はつみたて枠に重要です。毎月の日付・ボーナス月設定・金額調整のしやすさです。これらの小さな差が、長期計画の運びやすさに影響します。\n外国株とエコシステム\nNISA内で米国等の外国株を望むなら、対応は会社ごとです。SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井はNISAの米国株取引を提供し（対象商品は0円のことが多い）、外国市場の広さやFX条件は異なります。IBKR証券は、対象の国内・外国商品をNISAで扱い全世界に届きます。NISA内でも外国源泉徴収は残るため、正確な銘柄とFXコストを確認します。\nエコシステム連携が僅差の決め手になり得ます。楽天は楽天カード/ポイント、SBIはSMBC/OliveとVポイント、マネックスはdカード/ポイント、eスマートはMUFG/au/Ponta。これらは便宜であり、劣った投信メニューを受け入れる理由ではありません。\n年1社の原則\nNISAの構造的な規則を思い出します。新規のNISA買付ができるのはその年1社のみですが、原則年単位で機関を変えられます。乗り換えると、既存のNISA保有は通常そのNISA関係のまま旧社に残り——新社のNISAへは移らない——ため、NISAを複数社に分断しないよう慎重に選びます。\n乗り換えは可能でも滑らかではないため、投信メニュー・コスト・エコシステムを長期で検討します。最良のNISA会社は、喜んで使い続けられ、自分の投信を扱い、自分の状況に合う会社です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokers-for-nisa","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokers-for-mutual-funds","guide:nisa-choose-broker"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-nisa","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: nisa","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/nisa","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-nisa","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: nisa","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"monex-nisa","publisher":"Monex Securities","title":"Monex Securities: nisa","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/nisa/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-mutual-funds:ja","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-mutual-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"投資信託のおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"投資信託では、SBI・楽天・マネックスが、非常に広い品揃え・100円の最低額・積立とクレカ積立・ポイントで先行します。ただし膨大な品揃えは不要な投信の乱立を招き得るため、広い低コストの核が最重要です。\nファンドの品揃え、最低投資額、自動積立、NISA対象、ポイント、クレカ積立、スクリーニング。\nSBI・楽天・マネックスは、低い最低額（100円から）で非常に広い品揃え。\n自動積立とクレカ積立で、毎月の資産形成が簡単です。\n自分の投信のNISA対象とポイント/カード連携を確認します。\nスクリーニング・比較ツールは有用ですが、直近の成績は選択基準ではありません。\n広い品揃えは、重複した投信を多く持つ誘惑になり得ます。\n品揃え・最低額・自動化\n投信投資家には、SBI・楽天・マネックスが非常に広い品揃え・100円の最低額・容易な自動化で際立ちます。毎月の積立を設定し、対応会社では提携カードで決済してポイントを得られます。この組み合わせが、着実で低コストの資産形成を容易にします——多くの初心者の計画の核です。\n意図する投信が利用可能で、望む場所でNISA対象で、積立に対応しているか確認します。大手3社は人気の低コストインデックス投信を扱いますが、正確な取扱とカード連携は異なります。\nスクリーニング・比較ツール\n良い会社はスクリーニング・比較ツールを提供します——資産クラス・ベンチマーク・コスト・NISA対象で絞り込み、投信を並べて比較できます。これらは、ベンチマーク・信託報酬・トラッキング差異・規模で投信を評価する助けになります。投信が指数を妥当に追随し安いかの確認に使い、直近のリターンで順位付けするためには使いません。\n典型的な罠は「昨年最良の投信」を選ぶことです。直近の成績は将来の相対結果の指針として不確実で、上位の投信も翌年は劣後し得ます。ツールは、成績追いではなく、コストとベンチマークに基づく判断に役立てます。\n投信の乱立を避ける\n非常に広い品揃えには欠点があります。重複するテーマ・地域の投信を多く集める誘惑で、真の分散なしに複雑さとコストを加えます。同じ米国大型株を持つ10本は、広い全世界1本より分散されておらず、管理が難しいだけです。\n単純に保ちます。配分を決め、広い低コスト投信1本を核に選び、それ以外は意図的で限定的なサテライトとしてのみ加えます。最良の投信会社は、選んだ低コスト投信を扱い自動化する会社で、総品揃えの大きさはその目的にはほぼ無関係です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokers-for-mutual-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:brokers-for-nisa","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:credit-card-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-recurring","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: recurring","url":"https://go.sbisec.co.jp/prd/fund/creditcard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-recurring","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: recurring","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/fund/saving/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"monex-recurring","publisher":"Monex Securities","title":"Monex Securities: recurring","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/fund/tsumitate/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-us-stocks:ja","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-us-stocks","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"米国株のおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"米国株では、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・IBKR証券がNISA対応と競争的な取引/FXで先行します。0.495%・上限22米ドルの手数料モデルとFXスプレッドを比べ、米国配当がNISA内でも米国源泉徴収を伴う点に留意し、米国人の制限を確認します。\n取引手数料、為替スプレッド、NISA対応、取扱銘柄、時間外取引、調査、米国納税者の制限、源泉徴収。\nSBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・IBKR証券が競争的な条件で米国株に対応。\n課税の米国株手数料は多くが0.495%・上限22米ドル。対象のNISA商品は0円のことも。\nFXスプレッドは手数料と同等に重要——ドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社も。\n米国配当はNISA内でも米国の源泉地国課税を伴います。\n一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を制限します。申込前に確認します。\n手数料・FX・NISA\n米国株では、複数の大手が似たモデルを共有します。課税取引で約0.495%・上限約22米ドル、NISA対象の米国株・ETFで0円です。よってコストでは、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井は概ね同等で、FXスプレッドが手数料より重要なことが多いです——リアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社もあれば1ドルあたりのスプレッドの会社もあります。現行の両替条件を確認します。\nIBKR証券は、インターバンク型の通貨執行＋手数料という別のプロ向け価格モデルを使い、対象の米国商品をNISAで扱います。プロ向けプラットフォームと広い全世界アクセスに慣れた投資家に向きます。\n銘柄・時間・調査\nコストの他に、取扱銘柄（正確なティッカーとETF）・時間外取引・調査ツールを比べます。マネックスは米国株の調査・スクリーニング・分析ツールに定評があり、moomooやWebullはデータ重視でアクティブ取引向けのプラットフォーム、IBKRは最も広い全世界アクセスを提供します。特定の米国銘柄を取引する・時間外アクセスを望むなら、各社の正確な対応を確認します。\n米国インデックス投信を毎月買うパッシブ投資家には、これらの多くは二次的です——主流の会社の低コスト投信で十分です。高度な米国株機能は、主により能動的・調査重視の投資家に重要です。\n源泉徴収と米国人の制限\n越境の2点が重要です。第一に、米国配当はNISA内でも米国の源泉地国課税を伴います——NISAが消すのは日本の税だけ——ため、源泉徴収後の利回りで試算します。第二に、米国人は制限を受けます。例えば楽天は米国人が同社の外国株商品を取引できないとし、他社も異なる規則を課します。米国納税者なら、会社が受け入れるか確認し、購入前に越境助言を受けます。\n非米国人には、主な選択はコスト・FX・プラットフォームです。米国人には、会社の受入と米国税の扱いが先で、受け入れる会社で買う米国籍ETFが日本の投信より単純なことがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokers-for-us-stocks","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:brokerage-fees-compared","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:global-investors-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-fees","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: fees","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-fees","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: fees","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/commission/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"monex-fees","publisher":"Monex Securities","title":"Monex Securities: fees","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/service/fee/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-japanese-stocks:ja","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-japanese-stocks","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本株のおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"日本株では、SBI・楽天・松井・三菱UFJ eスマート・moomooが、低いオンライン手数料・単元未満株・強いアプリで先行します。松井は少額の国内価格で目立ち、手数料無料は経路や電子交付の条件を伴い得ます。\n国内手数料、単元未満株、調査とスクリーニング、IPOアクセス、モバイルアプリ、NISA対応。\nSBI・楽天・松井・MUFG eスマート・moomooが国内株で先行。\n国内手数料無料は、経路や電子交付の条件を伴い得ます。\n単元未満株で、100株の単元未満を買えます。\n松井は少額の国内価格が有用、moomooはデータと1株購入を提供。\nIPOアクセス・調査/スクリーニング・NISA対応を必要に応じて確認します。\n手数料と単元未満株\n国内株では、SBI・楽天・松井・三菱UFJ eスマートが非常に低い・0円のオンライン手数料を提供しますが、無料プログラムは電子交付とスマート注文の条件を要し得ます。松井は、公表された1日の枠内の無料現物取引で、少額の国内株取引に特に魅力的です。「無料」が自分の取引で本当に無料になるよう条件を読みます。\n単元未満株サービスで、100株の1単元未満を買え、高株価の銘柄や少額予算に有用です。moomooは1株の日本株購入に対応し、強力なデータとチャートを提供します。\n調査・スクリーニング・IPO\n個別の日本企業を分析するなら、調査・スクリーニングツールとIPOアクセスを比べます。会社は、ファンダメンタルデータ・スクリーナー・IPO配分の方法（配分方法と過去の割当率は異なり常に開示されるわけではない）で違います。moomooはデータとコミュニティに強く、大手は堅実なスクリーニングを提供し、フルサービスは高コストでより深いIPO・調査資源を持ちます。\n広いTOPIXやNikkeiのインデックス投信を使うパッシブ投資家には、これらの多くは不要です——主流の会社の低コスト日本インデックス投信で十分です。高度なツールは、指数の買い手ではなく銘柄選びの人に重要です。\nアクティブと長期の利用者\n投資の仕方に会社を合わせます。国内のアクティブトレーダーは、低い1取引コスト・速いアプリ・チャート・スクリーニングを重視します——SBI・楽天・松井・moomooがいずれも合い、MUFG eスマートはエコシステム利用者に強いです。長期投資家は主に、NISAで広い日本インデックス投信を毎月安く確実に買う手段が必要で、主流の会社ならどこでも扱います。\nよって「最良」の日本株会社は、銘柄を取引するか指数を積み立てるかで決まります。まずそれを決め、自分のスタイルに実際に当てはまる機能を比べます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokers-for-japanese-stocks","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks","guide:japan-equity-funds","guide:brokerage-fees-compared","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-fees","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: fees","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"matsui-fees","publisher":"Matsui Securities","title":"Matsui Securities: fees","url":"https://www.matsui.co.jp/service/commission/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-small-investments:ja","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-small-investments","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"少額積立のおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"月100円〜3万円には、PayPay・楽天・SBI・マネックス・松井が、低い最低額・単元未満株・投信積立で少額のアプリ投資に向きます。ただし手軽さで商品の質を犠牲にしたり、少額ポジションを過剰売買したりしないこと。\n最低購入額、単元未満株、投信積立、ポイント、そして100円〜3万円の投資家が不要な取引を避ける方法。\nPayPay・楽天・SBI・マネックス・松井が、少額のアプリ投資に向きます。\n100円からの投信最低額と単元未満株で、ごく少額から始められます。\n投信積立が資産形成を自動化し、ポイントが小さな割戻しを加えます。\nPayPayはごく少額・アプリ優先の購入（約100円から）に強いです。\n少額ポジションを過剰売買しないこと——固定費とスプレッドが少額を削ります。\n低い最低額と単元未満株\n少額の毎月予算は、それ向けに作られた会社によく合います。PayPay証券はモバイル優先の体験で約100円から購入でき、楽天・SBI・マネックス・松井は100円の投信最低額と積立を提供します。単元未満株で100株の1単元未満を買えるため、まとまった額を貯めるのを待たずに、控えめな額でも毎月投資できます。\n要点は、月5,000〜3万円がこの候補のどこでも十分に運用できることです。違いは、アプリ体験・エコシステム・細部にあり、少額投資が可能かどうかにはありません。\n自動化とポイント\n少額の毎月投資では、自動化がすべてです。投信の積立を設定して走らせれば、投資に毎月の判断が要りません。対応会社では提携カードで決済してポイントを得られます——カードが既に自分に合うとき嬉しい小さな割戻しです。買付をNISAに入れ、控えめな利益も非課税に保ちます。\n少額を多数の商品に散らすより、分散された低コスト投信1本を核に選びます。たとえ5,000円でも一貫して投資する習慣が、正確な会社やわずかなポイント差よりはるかに重要です。\n不要な取引を避ける\n少額投資家の主なリスクは会社ではなく行動です。少額ポジションの過剰売買や小さなテーマへの賭けは、固定費とスプレッドに少額を食わせ、頻繁な売買は、少額の一貫した投資を強力にする複利を損ないます。計画を設定して放置します。\n手軽さやポイントで、劣った・高コストの投信に誘導されないようにします。最良の少額投資会社は、単に低い最低額・容易な自動化・選んだ低コスト投信を持つ会社です。設定できたら、最も価値ある行動は「何もしない」ことです——拠出を続け、時間に働かせます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokers-for-small-investments","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:small-monthly-budget-investing","guide:brokers-for-beginners","guide:credit-card-investing","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-active-traders:ja","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-active-traders","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"アクティブトレーダーのおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"アクティブトレーダーには、高度な注文・データ・信用・デリバティブでIBKR証券・moomoo・Webull・GMOクリック・SBIが向きます。ただしレバレッジ・時間外・頻繁な取引は、行動・レバレッジ・税のリスクを高めます。\n注文とチャート、スクリーニング、信用・デリバティブ、時間外、データ、取引コスト、レバレッジと過剰取引のリスク。\nIBKR証券・moomoo・Webull・GMOクリック・SBIがアクティブ取引に向きます。\n注文種別・チャート・スクリーニング・データ・時間外・信用/デリバティブを比べます。\n頻繁に取引するほど、取引コストとスプレッドが重要になります。\nレバレッジや日次リセットの商品は、経路依存のリスクを持ちます。\n過剰取引と頻繁な課税イベントが、静かにリターンを削り得ます。\nアクティブ取引に重要なツール\nアクティブトレーダーは、パッシブ投資家が不要な機能を必要とします。高度な注文種別・速く詳細なチャート・強力なスクリーニング・リアルタイムデータ・時間外取引、そして信用・先物・デリバティブへのアクセスです。インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券は最も広いプロ向けツールと全世界市場を、moomooやWebullはデータ重視でコミュニティ志向のプラットフォームを、GMOクリックは国内アクティブ・デリバティブに強く、SBIは信用を含む広い範囲をカバーします。\nプラットフォームを商品とスタイルに合わせます——「最良」は、日本株・米国銘柄・デリバティブ・FXのどれを取引し、どれだけのデータと注文の高度さが必要かで決まります。\n頻繁に取引するときのコスト\n頻繁に取引すると、コストは急速に積み上がります。1取引の手数料・外国取引のFXスプレッド・売買スプレッド・市場/規制手数料が取引のたびに生じるため、1取引では安く見えるプラットフォームが数百取引では高くなり得ます。表面の率だけでなく、想定する取引頻度での総コストを比べます。\nNISA外の頻繁な取引は、頻繁な課税イベントも生み、記録を複雑にし税のマイナスを増やし得ます。NISA内でも、アクティブ取引は買い直しごとに年間枠を使います。コストと税効率は、ツールと同じだけ注目に値します。\nレバレッジと過剰取引のリスク\nアクティブ取引はリスクを増幅します。信用やレバレッジ商品は利益も損失も拡大し、日次リセットのレバレッジETFは経路依存を持ち、時間とともに意外な結果を生み得ます——長期の核の保有には一般に不向きです。時間外やデリバティブは、トレーダーのリスク管理を超え得る複雑さを加えます。\n商品を超えて、行動面のリスクが現実です。頻繁な取引は、多くの人にとって忍耐強い投資に劣後しがちで、活動の興奮がコスト後・税後の悪い結果を覆い隠し得ます。アクティブに取引するなら、悪い連続が計画を壊せない規模でポジションを取り、分散された長期の核を取引部分と分けて保ちます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokers-for-active-traders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:investment-risk-explained","guide:brokerage-fees-compared"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sbi-vs-rakuten:ja","entityId":"guide:sbi-vs-rakuten","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SBI証券と楽天証券","plainText":"SBIと楽天は、非常に似た中核（広いNISAメニュー・対象NISA取引0円・課税米国株0.495%/22米ドル・積立/クレカ）を持つ2大低コスト証券です。判断は通常、既に使うエコシステム（SMBC/VポイントとRakuten）で決まります。\n2大低コスト証券を、商品・手数料とFX・積立/クレカ・ポイント・エコシステムで比較。\n両社とも広いNISAメニュー・100円最低額・対象NISA取引0円・積立/クレカを提供。\n課税米国株手数料は同等（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）でドル円スプレッド0円をうたう。\nSBIのエコシステムはSMBC/OliveとVポイント、楽天は楽天カード・銀行・ポイント。\nSBIは非常に広い市場・商品、楽天はアプリの使いやすさと連携で評価。\n決め手は通常、既にどのエコシステムにいるかです。\nどれだけ似ているか\nSBIと楽天は、自分で運用する日本の投資家の既定の2大低コスト証券で、中核の提供は驚くほど似ています。両社とも、100円の最低額の広いNISA投信メニュー、NISA対象の国内・米国株・投信の手数料0円、積立、クレカ積立、そして同等の課税米国株価格（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）とリアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円のうたい文句を提供します。\nNISAで低コストインデックス投信を毎月買う初心者には、どちらも優れた選択で、実際の体験は非常に近いです。違いは周辺——エコシステム・アプリの感触・特定商品の広さ——にあります。\n違いはどこか\n主な差別化はエコシステムです。SBIはSMBC/OliveとVポイント、SMBCカードでのクレカ積立と連携し、楽天は楽天カード・楽天銀行・楽天キャッシュ・楽天ポイントと連携します。既にこれらの世界の一つで買い物・銀行・支出を多くするなら、その会社の連携がより便利でポイントもより有用です。\n広さでは、SBIが最も広いワンストップの商品範囲（多くの外国市場・債券・IPOアクセス）でよく挙げられ、楽天は洗練されたアプリと滑らかな投信積立で評価されます。両社とも還元率と条件を頻繁に変えるため、ポイント率は二次的な要因として扱います。\n選び方\n中核が非常に近いため、来四半期に変わり得る小さなポイント率の差ではなく、エコシステムの相性とアプリの好みで選びます。SMBC/Oliveを使う・最も広い商品範囲を望むならSBIがやや有利、楽天エコシステムにいる・アプリを好むなら楽天です。多くの投資家はどちらでも十分満足できます。\n新規のNISA買付は年1社のみで、乗り換えても既存保有は残ることを思い出します——一時的なキャンペーンを追うより、長期に喜んで使い続けられる方を選びます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/sbi-vs-rakuten","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:sbi-vs-monex","guide:rakuten-vs-monex","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokers-for-nisa"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-fees","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: fees","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-fees","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: fees","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/commission/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"sbi-nisa","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: nisa","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/nisa","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-nisa","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: nisa","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sbi-vs-monex:ja","entityId":"guide:sbi-vs-monex","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SBI証券とマネックス証券","plainText":"SBIは最も広いワンストップの商品範囲とSMBC/Vポイントのエコシステムを、マネックスは米国株の調査・分析ツールとdカード/dポイント連携で評価されます。両社ともNISA・投信・米国株を十分カバーし、選択は広さ対調査とエコシステムで決まります。\n商品の広さとエコシステム対調査の深さを、同じ軸で比較。\n両社ともNISA・投信・日本/米国株を、積立とクレカ積立でカバー。\nSBIはワンストップの商品の広さとSMBC/Olive/Vポイントのエコシステムで先行。\nマネックスは米国株の調査・スクリーニング・分析ツール、dカード/dポイントで定評。\n課税米国株手数料は同等（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）。\n広さ/エコシステムならSBI、調査の深さならマネックス。\n共通点\nSBIとマネックスは、基本を十分にカバーします。広い投信メニューと100円最低額のNISA、日本・米国株、積立、クレカ積立、そして同等の課税米国株価格（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）です。NISAでインデックス投信を毎月買う初心者には、どちらでも機能し、中核のコストと利便性は近いです。\nどの2社でも、決める前に必要な正確な投信・機能が対応しているか確認します——表面の重なりは、特定の投信や市場が全く同じにカバーされることを保証しません。\nSBIの強み\nSBIの強みは広さとエコシステムです。最も広いワンストップの商品範囲の一つ——多くの外国市場・単元未満株・債券・IPOアクセス・信用——を提供し、SMBC/OliveとVポイントに連携し、SMBCカードでクレカ積立ができます。広い市場を一箇所で望み、SMBC近辺の世界にいるコスト重視の投資家には自然な選択です。\nトレードオフは、画面が密で条件が複雑になり得ることで、より簡潔なプラットフォームに比べ、一部の初心者は圧倒されると感じます。\nマネックスの強み\nマネックスの強みは調査です。米国株の調査・スクリーニング・分析ツールが強いと繰り返し評価され、IPOアクセスもあり、dカード・dポイントと連携します。米国株を分析したい・より深い調査ツールを重視する——そしてdocomo/dエコシステムにいる——投資家には魅力的です。\nよって選択は主に、広さとエコシステム（SBI）対調査の深さとエコシステム（マネックス）です。両社とも強く評判の良い会社で、どの強みとどのポイントエコシステムが実際の投資の仕方に合うかで決めます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/sbi-vs-monex","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:sbi-vs-rakuten","guide:rakuten-vs-monex","guide:brokers-for-us-stocks","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-fees","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: fees","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"monex-fees","publisher":"Monex Securities","title":"Monex Securities: fees","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/service/fee/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"sbi-nisa","publisher":"SBI Securities","title":"SBI Securities: nisa","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/nisa","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"monex-nisa","publisher":"Monex Securities","title":"Monex Securities: nisa","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/nisa/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rakuten-vs-monex:ja","entityId":"guide:rakuten-vs-monex","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"楽天証券とマネックス証券","plainText":"楽天はアプリの使いやすさと楽天エコシステム連携、マネックスは米国株の調査とdエコシステム連携で評価されます。両社ともNISA・投信・米国株を同様にカバーするため、エコシステムと、洗練か調査のどちらを重視するかで選びます。\nエコシステムとアプリの使いやすさ対調査の深さを、同じ軸で比較。\n両社ともNISA・投信・米国株を、積立とクレカ積立でカバー。\n楽天：洗練されたアプリ、楽天カード/銀行/ポイント連携。\nマネックス：米国株の調査・分析ツール、dカード/dポイント連携。\n課税米国株手数料は同等（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）。\nエコシステムの相性と、アプリの洗練か調査の深さのどちらを優先するかで選びます。\n共通点\n楽天とマネックスは、広い投信メニューと100円最低額のNISA、日本・米国株、積立、クレカ積立、そして同等の課税米国株価格（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）をカバーします。NISAでの毎月のインデックス投信積立には、どちらも堅実で、日常の体験は近いです。\n広い重なりは特定商品の同一カバーを保証しないため、決める前に必要な正確な投信・市場を確認します。\n楽天の強み\n楽天の強みは、洗練された使いやすいアプリと、楽天エコシステム——楽天カード・楽天銀行・楽天キャッシュ・楽天ポイント——との深い連携です。既に楽天で買い物・銀行をするなら、入金とポイントが滑らかに流れ、アプリは特に投信積立で使いやすさが広く評価されます。\n滑らかで直感的な体験を重視し楽天の世界にいる初心者には、楽天証券が自然な拠点です。\nマネックスの強み\nマネックスの強みは、特に米国株の調査の深さ——スクリーニング・分析ツール・IPOアクセス——で、dカード・dポイントと連携します。米国株を分析する・より豊かな調査を望む、そしてdocomo/dエコシステムにいる投資家には魅力的です。\nよって選択はエコシステムと重点です。アプリの洗練と楽天の世界なら楽天、調査とdの世界ならマネックス。両社とも強く、エコシステムと強みが投資・支出の仕方に合う方を選びます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/rakuten-vs-monex","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:sbi-vs-rakuten","guide:sbi-vs-monex","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokers-for-us-stocks"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-fees","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: fees","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/commission/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"monex-fees","publisher":"Monex Securities","title":"Monex Securities: fees","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/service/fee/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"rakuten-nisa","publisher":"Rakuten Securities","title":"Rakuten Securities: nisa","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"monex-nisa","publisher":"Monex Securities","title":"Monex Securities: nisa","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/nisa/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers:ja","entityId":"guide:ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"IBKR証券と日本のネット証券","plainText":"IBKR証券は確認された一貫した英語と最も広い全世界アクセスで、日本のネット証券（SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井）は簡単で低コストの日本の投信投資とエコシステム連携で優れます。選択は、言語の必要性と、どれだけ全世界的・複雑にしたいかで決まります。\n英語対応と全世界アクセス対、簡単な日本の投信投資を、同じ軸で比較。\nIBKR証券：確認された一貫した英語、最も広い全世界市場、プロ向け画面。\n日本のネット証券：簡単で低コストの投信投資、100円最低額、エコシステム/ポイント。\nIBKRは越境の詳細に慣れた投資家、日本の証券会社は投信積立の人に向きます。\n両社ともNISA対応だが、投信積立の体験は日本の証券会社が滑らか。\n英語/全世界ならIBKR、最も簡単なNISA投信計画なら日本の証券会社。\nIBKR証券の得意分野\nインタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券は2点で際立ちます。確認された一貫した英語（サイト・申込・取引画面・サポート）と、対象の中で最も広い全世界市場アクセス——広範な株式・ETF・オプション・先物・債券・複数通貨を含む——です。対象の国内・外国商品のNISAに対応し、低いプロ向け価格とインターバンク型の通貨執行を持ちます。\nトレードオフは複雑さです。IBKRはプロ向けのプラットフォームで、注文の選択・市場アクセス・越境の税務の詳細は、日本のインデックス投信を毎月1本買いたいだけの人を圧倒し得ます。洗練された画面に慣れた投資家に報います。\n日本の証券会社の得意分野\n日本のネット証券（SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井）は逆に優れます。簡単で低コストの日本の投信投資です。100円の最低額・ワンタップの積立・対象NISA取引0円・クレカ積立・ポイントエコシステムが、毎月の資産形成を容易にします——まさに多くの初心者が必要とするものです。プラットフォームは、プロ向けの全世界取引ではなく投信と国内投資を中心に簡潔です。\n一部の人にとっての主な限界は言語です。開設とサポートは主に日本語で、ブラウザ翻訳は有効な書類を英語にしません。外国市場の広さもIBKRより狭いです。\n選び方\n判断は言語と範囲です。すべての段階で本物の英語が必要、または最も広い全世界アクセスを望みプロ向け画面に慣れているなら、IBKR証券が確認済みの選択です。目的が最も簡単な低コストのNISA投信計画で、（必要に応じて助けを借りて）日本語書類を扱えるなら、日本のネット証券がその作業には滑らかで安いです。\n両方を使う投資家もいます。簡単なNISA投信積立には日本の証券会社、より広い全世界取引にはIBKRです。一つのプラットフォームにすべてをさせるより、作業に手段を合わせます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:brokers-english-support","guide:global-investors-japan","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:us-stocks-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:online-vs-major-traditional-brokers:ja","entityId":"guide:online-vs-major-traditional-brokers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ネット証券と野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ","plainText":"ネット証券は、自分で運用するパッシブ投資でコストとアプリの使いやすさに決定的に優れ、大手（野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ）は、はるかに高い手数料で助言・店舗・債券・IPO・資産サービスを加えます。コストならネット、複雑なニーズと対面ならフルサービスです。\n低コストのネット証券と大手フルサービスを、コスト・サービス・商品・向く利用者で比較。\nネット証券：ほぼ0のコスト・強いアプリ、自分で運用するパッシブ投資に最適。\n大手：助言・店舗・債券・IPO・相続・資産サービス。\n店舗・総合コースの手数料は、ネットのほぼ0に対し約1〜1.4%に達し得ます。\n大手は、複雑・富裕層・助言を求める投資家に向きます。\n販売の利益相反に注意し、総コストとベンチマーク比較を求めます。\nコストの差\n最も顕著な違いはコストです。ネット証券は多くの取引でほぼ0の手数料と非常に低い投信費用を提供する一方、大手——野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ——は店舗・総合コースで大幅に高く、国内店舗手数料は最低額付きで約1%〜1.4%超に達し得ます。通常のインデックス投信購入では、投資の生涯にわたりこの差は莫大です。\n自分で運用するパッシブ投資には、これがネット証券を明確な既定にします。ネットでほぼ0で買える同じインデックス投信を、店舗水準の手数料で買うのは、コストだけでは正当化しづらいです。\n大手が加えるもの\n大手はサービスでコストを正当化します。対面助言・店舗、債券とIPO配分への深いアクセス、相続・遺産サービス、富裕層向けの資産運用です。本当に複雑な状況——複雑な債券・相続計画・対面の案内を重視する投資家——には、そのサービスは対価に見合い得ます。\nネット証券が重視しないケースも扱い、店舗は書類やライフイベントを支援できます。価値は助言と複雑さにあり、通常の低コストの投信購入にはありません。\nそれぞれ向く人\n低コストのインデックスポートフォリオを組む多くの自分で運用する投資家には、ネット証券が正しい既定です——安く、便利で、完全に十分です。大手は、特定の複雑なニーズ（債券・IPO・相続・資産運用）や、対面助言と店舗支援に対価を払うほど本当に価値を感じる場合に取っておきます。\n大手を使うなら、販売の利益相反に注意します。アドバイザーの報酬は中立でないため、どの推奨にも総コストとベンチマーク比較の明示を求めます。多くの投資家はネットで自分で運用し、コストを正当化する特定のサービスにのみ大手を使います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/online-vs-major-traditional-brokers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:online-vs-full-service-brokers","guide:advised-investing-japan","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokerage-fees-compared"]},"sources":[{"id":"nomura-fees","publisher":"Nomura Securities","title":"Nomura Securities: fees","url":"https://www.nomura.co.jp/retail/fee/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-open-account:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-open-account","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISA口座の開き方","plainText":"NISA開設は、1社を選び、本人確認・マイナンバー・税務上の居住地の申告を提出し、他に有効なNISAがないことを税務署が確認するのを待ってから買付します。却下の多くは氏名不一致やNISA重複から生じます。\n証券会社の選択、書類とマイナンバー、税務署確認、処理段階、却下の対処。\nNISAは1社で開設。新規買付は年1社のみです。\n本人確認・マイナンバー・住所・日本/外国の税務上の居住地を申告します。\n証券会社が、他に有効なNISAがないことを税務署と照合します。\n確認前の仮取引を認める会社もあり、重複時の扱いは異なります。\nよくある却下：氏名不一致・書類の有効期間の短さ・NISA重複。\n証券会社の選択\nNISAは証券会社にあるため、最初の一歩は選ぶことです——新規のNISA買付ができるのはその年1社のみのため、長期で選びます。対象投信メニュー・NISA取引手数料・積立設定・必要なら外国株対応・エコシステムの相性を比べます。自分で運用する居住者には、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井が定番の候補です。\n一時的なポイントキャンペーンで選ばないこと。年単位で機関を変えられますが、既存保有は旧社に残るため乗り換えは滑らかではありません。喜んで使い続けられる会社を選びます。\n書類と確認\n本人確認書類（マイナンバーカード・在留カード・運転免許証・パスポートの認められた組み合わせ）、マイナンバー、日本の住所、日本と外国の税務上の居住地の申告を準備します。本人名義の日本の銀行口座も連携します。金融機関は税務署とNISA情報を照合し、同じ年に既に有効なNISA関係がないことを確認します。\n確認前の仮取引を認める会社もありますが、重複が見つかった場合のタイミングと扱いは異なります。処理時間は、書類と税務署の確認により、即日の仮アクセスから数週間まで幅があります。\n対処\n開設の問題の多くは少数の原因から生じます。在留カード・銀行記録・申込書の間の氏名不一致、書類の有効期間の短さ、他機関でのNISA重複、本人確認の失敗です。他社でNISAがあるなら、新規開設の前に通常、移管・廃止書類が必要です。新規買付ができるのは年1社のみだからです。\n具体的な原因を直して再申込します。氏名をどこでも一致させ、期限の近いカードを更新し、NISA重複を解消します。未確認リンクから本人確認書類を送らず、会社の公式チャネルのみを使います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-open-account","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-choose-broker","guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:brokers-for-nisa"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-choose-broker:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-choose-broker","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISA金融機関の選び方","plainText":"NISA金融機関は、対象投信のラインナップ・外国株対応・NISA手数料とFX・積立とクレカ積立・言語・外国人受入・出国方針で選びます。長期に使い続けるため、一時的なポイント率では選びません。\n商品の取扱、投信・外国株対応、手数料とFX、積立、クレカ積立、言語、出国方針。\nまず対象投信のラインナップと、意図する投信が望む枠で提供されるかを確認。\n必要なら、NISAでの外国株対応を確認——会社ごとです。\nNISA手数料・FX・積立設定・カード/ポイント連携を比べます。\n外国人居住者は、受入・言語対応・出国方針を確認します。\n長期で選びます——乗り換えても旧保有は旧社に残ります。\nまず商品の取扱\n最も重要な基準は、意図する商品を、意図する枠で会社が扱うかです。対象の投信がFSAリストにあり、つみたてか成長投資枠で会社が提供し、積立に対応しているか確認します。成長投資枠で個別の日本株・REIT・外国株を望むなら、その具体的な対応を確認します——NISAでの外国株対応は会社ごとで自動ではありません。\n膨大なメニューは、選んだ低コスト投信を含む場合にのみ有用です。他を検討する前に、具体的な商品を確認します。\nコスト・FX・連携\n次にコストと利便性を比べます。NISA取引手数料（大手では対象の国内・米国商品は通常0円）、外国証券を買うならFX条件、積立設定、重視するならクレカ/ポイント連携です。NISA内でも外国配当は源泉地国の課税を伴い、FXスプレッドは繰り返し生じるため、全世界投資家にはFX条件が重要です。\nポイントのキャンペーン率は低めに評価します——変わりやすくカード年会費で相殺され得ます。利便性とエコシステム連携は正当な決め手ですが、商品の取扱とコストの後です。\n外国人居住者と出国\n外国人居住者なら、3点を加えます。会社が国籍・在留資格を受け入れるか、必要な段階（開設・税書類・トラブル）で英語対応があるか、出国し得るなら非居住者/出国方針は。これらは税法と異なり得て、重要になるまで見落としがちです。\nNISAの会社は長期に使い続けるため——乗り換えると既存保有は旧社に残る——継続性も考慮します。最良のNISA会社は、自分の投信を扱い、状況を受け入れ、予算に合い、何年も使う姿を描ける会社です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-choose-broker","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-open-account","guide:brokers-for-nisa","guide:nisa-change-broker","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-change-broker:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-change-broker","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISA金融機関の変更","plainText":"原則としてNISA金融機関は年単位で変えられますが、新規買付ができるのは年1社のみで、既存保有はそのNISA関係のまま旧社に残り、変更・廃止書類を期限までに提出する必要があります——年末の十分前に始めます。\n年1社の原則、期限と書類、既存保有、NISA資産が移管されない理由、移行チェックリスト。\n新規NISA買付は年1社のみ。変更は原則年単位で適用されます。\nその年に既に買付したかが、変更の適用時期に影響します。\n既存のNISA保有は旧社に残ります——新NISAへは移管されません。\n旧保有を売ると翌年に生涯枠が復活し、新機関でのみ使えます。\n変更・廃止書類を期限までに提出。年末の十分前に始めます。\n年1社の原則\nある年について、新規のNISA買付ができるのは1社のみですが、原則として年単位で機関を変えられます。重要な点として、その年に既にNISAで買付したかが、変更の適用時期に影響します——既に買っていれば、変更は翌年からのことが多いです。期限と書式は会社ごとです。\nよってNISA金融機関の変更は可能ですが、暦年のタイミングと事前買付の規則に従います。年の途中で即座に切り替えられると考えず、それに沿って計画します。\n既存保有は移らない\n避けるべき最も重要な誤解：既存のNISA保有は通常、そのNISA関係のまま旧機関に残ります——新機関のNISAへは移管されません。会社を変えても、新規買付の場所が変わるだけで、旧資産の場所は変わりません。よって変更後は、2社にNISA資産を持ち、両方の記録を保つことがあります。\n集約したいなら、旧保有を売ると翌年から取得価額が生涯枠に復活しますが、その復活枠はその年の新規買付を認められた機関でのみ使え——売却は市場とタイミングの影響を伴います。「移管」のためだけに売らないでください。\n移行チェックリスト\n変更は慎重に計画します。期限と書類（変更、該当すれば廃止の通知）に時間がかかるため、年末の十分前に始めます。旧社の積立注文を止めて記録します。両機関に最新の手順と必要書式を確認します。確認書を保管し、新NISA口座が有効になってから新規注文を出します。\n税と市場への影響を確認せず、移すためだけに保有を売らないこと。そして新規買付は同じ年に機関をまたいで重複できない点を思い出します。少しの計画が、投資の空白や偶発的な重複を防ぎます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-change-broker","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-choose-broker","guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse","guide:investment-records-and-statements"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:recurring-investment-allowance:ja","entityId":"guide:recurring-investment-allowance","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAのつみたて投資枠","plainText":"つみたて投資枠は、FSAが選定した長期・分散型の投信と対象ETFに年120万円まで投資でき、自動の毎月積立に最適です。対象はFSAリストと証券会社で正確なファンド名により確認します。\n対象商品の制限、毎月・ボーナス月の投資、向く投資家、120万円の上限、対象確認。\n年120万円まで、FSA掲載の長期・分散型投信と対象ETFに限定。\n自動の積立向けに設計——均等なら月10万円。\nボーナス月設定で、年間上限内で拠出を不均等に配分できます。\nこの枠では個別株は対象外です（成長投資枠を使います）。\n対象はFSAリストと証券会社で、正確なファンド名・区分により確認します。\n対象商品\nつみたて投資枠は、低コスト・長期・分散の投資を促すため、あえて選択肢を絞ります。対象は、FSAが選定して公表したリストにある投信と対象ETFのみ——概ね、費用が妥当で広く分散され長期の構造を持つ投信です。個別株・REIT・多くの非上場商品はここでは対象外で、成長投資枠に入ります。\nリストは適合性の観点で選ばれているため、初心者はその中から広範な全世界株式インデックス投信を1本選べます。ただしリストは変わるため、正確なファンド名・区分で最新版を確認します。\n毎月・ボーナス月の投資\n年120万円の上限は、均等に配分すると月10万円になり、自動の毎月積立に向きます——積立を設定して走らせます。多くの会社はボーナス月設定も提供し、年120万円の上限内で、特定の月（例：賞与時）に多く投資できます。\nこの枠は標準の初心者の計画に最適です。低コストの分散された投信1本を毎月自動で買います。毎月の判断をなくし、長期投資を機能させる習慣を作ります。\n向く投資家と確認\nこの枠は、長期で資産形成するほぼ全員、特に初心者と少額の毎月投資家に向きます。選定された低コストで分散された対象範囲が、悪い最初の選択を難しくするためです。個別株やより広い投信範囲を望むなら、併せて成長投資枠を使います——両枠は年360万円まで併用できます。\n購入前に、正確なファンド名・区分をFSAの最新リストと照合して対象を確認し、会社が積立で提供するか確認します。米国納税者は別途PFICの段階を加えます——日本での対象可否は米国税の扱いを何も語りません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/recurring-investment-allowance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:growth-investment-allowance","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:nisa-complete-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:growth-investment-allowance:ja","entityId":"guide:growth-investment-allowance","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAの成長投資枠","plainText":"成長投資枠は、対象の上場株式・REIT・ETF・投信に年240万円まで（生涯枠1,200万円の範囲内）投資できますが、監理・整理銘柄、信託20年未満、毎月分配型、デリバティブ多用型は除きます。外国株対応は会社ごとです。\n対象の株式・ETF・REIT・投信、対象外の証券、年240万円・生涯1,200万円の枠、外国株対応。\n年240万円まで、生涯枠1,200万円の範囲内（1,800万円の一部）。\n対象：個別の上場株式・REIT・ETF・より広い投信。\n除外：監理・整理銘柄、信託20年未満、毎月分配型、デリバティブ多用型。\nNISAでの外国株対応は会社ごとで自動ではありません。\nつみたて枠と併用でき、合計年360万円まで。\n買えるもの\n成長投資枠は、NISAの2つの枠のうち広い方です。対象の個別上場株式・REIT・ETF・つみたて枠より広い投信を買えます——特定の日本株・J-REIT・つみたてリスト外の投信を買うのはここです。つみたて枠と併用でき、合計年360万円です。\n年間上限は240万円で、生涯枠1,200万円の範囲内にあります——生涯の取得価額枠1,800万円のうち、成長投資枠の保有は1,200万円までです。残りの生涯枠は、どちらの枠でも埋められます。\n除外されるもの\nNISAを長期投資に沿わせるため、いくつかが除外されます。成長投資枠は、監理・整理銘柄、信託期間20年未満の投信、毎月分配型、一部のデリバティブ多用型を含みません。両枠を通じて、普通預金・国債・社債・信用取引はNISAの完全に外です。\nよって成長投資枠は広いが無制限ではありません。高回転や収益最大化の商品ではなく、主流の長期投資を対象とします。思い込まず、特定の証券の対象可否を確認します。\n個別株と投信、外国対応\n成長投資枠では、投信と個別証券のどちらも選べます。多くの投資家は分散された低コスト投信を核に保ち、個別株は意図的で限定的な部分としてのみ使います。1社が恒久的損失を被り得るためです。配当のある株式・ETF・REITを買うなら、NISAで配当を非課税に保つため株式数比例配分方式を選びます。\n外国株・ETFは、会社が対応し銘柄が対象なら成長投資枠で保有できます——ただし会社ごとで、上場しているだけで自動的に対象になるわけではありません。外国配当は源泉地国の課税を伴い、米国納税者はPFICの扱いを別途分析する必要があります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/growth-investment-allowance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:recurring-investment-allowance","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-for-foreign-residents:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-for-foreign-residents","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者のためのNISA","plainText":"要件を満たす外国人居住者はNISAを開けます——資格は国籍ではなく在留基準です——在留カードとマイナンバーが必要で、外国籍に郵送開設を求める・国籍制限を課す会社もあり、NISAは出国後は原則継続できません。\n在留基準の資格、在留カードとマイナンバー、国籍制限、オンラインと郵送の開設、言語、出国。\nNISAの資格は在留基準：要件を満たす日本居住者は国籍を問わず開けます。\n在留カードとマイナンバーが必要で、一致する名義の日本の銀行口座も必要です。\n国籍制限を課す・オンラインでなく郵送開設を求める会社もあります。\n言語対応は様々。SBI・マネックス・楽天・松井が外国人向け手続を公表。\nNISAは非居住者になると原則継続できません——出国前に計画します。\n在留基準の資格\nNISAの資格は、日本国籍ではなく日本居住者であることで決まります。要件を満たす在日外国籍の人は、各社の本人確認・在留資格・在留カード・税務上の居住地・制裁・商品方針に従い、NISAを開けます。二重国籍だけでは失格になりませんが、別の国がNISA所得に課税・報告を求めることはあります。\n在留カード・マイナンバー・日本の住所・税務上の居住地の申告・本人名義の日本の銀行口座が必要です。SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井が在留カード書類を受け付ける手続を公表しています。\n制限と開設経路\n各社の方針は税法より厳しいことがあります。在留カード書類で完全オンライン開設できる会社もあれば、外国籍に郵送手続を要し遅い会社もあります。特定の国籍・制裁対象国との関係・重要な公的地位は強化審査や却下を招き得て、米国関係者はFATCA申告と商品制限に直面します。これらの一覧が完全に公表されることはまれのため、自分の具体的なケースを確認します。\n氏名の一致が最も多い実務上の障壁です。在留カード・銀行口座・申込書で氏名を一致させます。不一致は、却下や銀行連携失敗の最大の原因です。\n言語と出国\n必要な各段階——開設・取引・税書類・トラブル——で英語対応を、宣伝ページだけでなく確認します。外国人居住者向けの多くの会社は主に日本語で開設し、ブラウザ翻訳は有効な書類を英語にしません。すべての段階で本物の英語が必須ならIBKR証券が確認済みの選択肢です。\n重要な点として、NISAは居住者向けの制度です。事前申告した適格な一時出国の継続を除き、非居住者になると原則継続できません。出国し得るなら、大きなNISA残高を作る前に各社の出国手続を書面で入手し、日本での資格が母国の報告義務の代わりにならない点を思い出します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-for-foreign-residents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:nisa-for-dual-citizens","guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:moving-abroad-with-investments"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-for-dual-citizens:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-for-dual-citizens","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"二重国籍者のためのNISA","plainText":"二重国籍だけでは、日本居住者のNISA資格を失いません。ただし別の国——特に米国——がNISA所得に課税・報告を求めることがあり、会社が国籍や米国人の地位で商品アクセスを制限することがあります。\n日本のNISA資格、他国の課税、税務上の居住地の申告、FATCA型の報告、国籍が商品アクセスに影響する理由。\n二重国籍だけでは、要件を満たす日本居住者のNISA資格を失いません。\n別の国がNISA所得に課税・口座報告を求めることがあります。\n米国籍・税務上の居住が最も重大：全世界課税＋PFIC/FBAR/8938。\n税務上の居住地を申告し、FATCA型の報告が適用され得ます。\n会社が国籍や米国人の地位で商品アクセスを制限することがあります。\n日本の資格\nNISAで重要なのは、保有する旅券の数ではなく日本居住です。要件を満たす日本居住者の二重国籍者は、会社の本人確認・税務上の居住地・制裁・商品方針に従い、他の人と同じ在留基準でNISAを開けます。第二の国籍の保有は、それ自体では日本のNISA資格を失わせません。\n複雑さは日本の規則からではなく、居住地や投資先に関わらず適用され続ける「別の国の規則」から生じます。\n他国の課税と報告\nもう一つの国籍・税務上の居住地の国が、NISA所得に課税したり口座の報告を求めたりすることがあります。最も重大な例は米国で、通常、市民・居住外国人に全世界所得課税します。NISAの日本の非課税は米国の非課税を与えず、日本の投信はPFIC問題とForm 8621の義務を生み得て、NISAを含む日本の口座はFBARやForm 8938の報告対象になり得ます。\n米国以外でも、全世界所得課税・外国資産報告・富裕税を持つ国があります。よって二重国籍者は、NISAが自分にとって非課税と決めつける前に、日本の扱いと他国の扱いの両方を確認する必要があります。\n商品アクセスと専門相談の目安\n国籍は、会社レベルで商品アクセスに影響し得ます。税務上の居住地を申告し、FATCA型の報告が適用され得て、会社が国籍や米国人の地位で特定商品を制限することがあります——例えば米国人の外国株取引を禁じる会社もあります。これらは、在留基準のNISA規則の上に重なる商業・規制の方針です。\n専門相談の実務的な目安は、国籍課税・全世界所得課税・外国資産報告を持つ第二の国、とりわけ米国籍やグリーンカードの地位です。その状況の二重国籍者は、NISA商品を選ぶ前に越境助言を受けるべきです。適切な保有は両方の税制に依存するためです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-for-dual-citizens","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","guide:nisa-for-foreign-residents","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:pfic-japanese-funds"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"irs-pfic-8621","publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","title":"Form 8621（PFIC情報申告）について","url":"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-8621","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fincen-fbar","publisher":"米国金融犯罪取締ネットワーク（FinCEN）","title":"外国銀行・金融口座報告（FBAR）","url":"https://www.fincen.gov/report-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-in-japan-complete-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:investing-in-japan-complete-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本での投資：初心者完全ガイド","plainText":"多くの日本居住者の妥当な道は、現金を確保し高金利の借金を返し、低コストの証券会社でNISAを開き、分散された低コストのインデックス投信1本を自動化し、核と税務が整ってから、iDeCo・個別株・外国商品を加えることです。\n投資の理由、貯蓄と投資、日本の制度（NISA・iDeCo・課税）、証券会社と商品、初心者の手順。\n投資は財務の土台の後：流動性のある資金と高金利借金の返済が先です。\nNISAは非課税の入れ物（年360万円・生涯1,800万円）、iDeCoは控除を加えるが固定します。\n証券会社を通じて投資し、初心者の多くは広い低コストのインデックス投信1本を使います。\n全世界株式1本で、手間をかけず多くの国に分散できます。\n米国納税者と出国予定者は、追加で専門家の注意が必要です。\nなぜ投資し、どの順序で\n貯蓄は額面の円を保ち流動性を与え、投資は確実性を成長の可能性と交換します。代わりに価値は変動し元本保証はありません。現金は緊急時と近い支出に適しますが、長期では購買力がインフレで削られ得て、これが数年使わない資金を投資する主な理由です。\n多くの居住者に妥当な手順：(1) 予見できる支出に足る流動性のある現金を保つ、(2) 高金利の借金を返す、(3) 会社のマッチングや特に良い企業年金を取り込む、(4) 低コストの証券会社とNISAを開く、(5) 分散された投信1本の続けられる毎月の買付を自動化、(6) 控除・固定・受取課税を理解したうえでiDeCoを検討、(7) 核と税務が整ってから個別株や外国商品を加える。\n日本の投資制度\n証券会社を通じ、いくつかの口座タイプの中で投資します。NISAは非課税の入れ物で、2024年から年つみたて120万円＋成長240万円、生涯1,800万円、対象の利益は無期限で非課税——最初に使う口座になりがちです。課税の「特定」口座はNISA超過分を保有し、20.315%課税ですが損益通算があります。iDeCoは私的年金で、掛金は控除できますが受給年齢まで固定されます。\n口座内では、初心者の多くは個別株より、幅広く低コストなインデックス投信（全世界株やS&P500）を調べます。全世界1本で株式の核を完結でき、耐えられる損失に応じて債券や現金を加えて変動を下げます。\n注意と次に読むもの\n越境の2つの注意が最も重要です。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は日本の投信でPFIC報告の問題に直面し、購入前に専門家の助言を受けるべきです。またNISAは居住者向けの制度で、出国すると原則継続できないため、大きな残高を作る前に出国を計画します。誰もが「非課税は無リスクでない」と捉えるべきで、NISA内の投資も下落し得ます。\nここから、クラスターの他のページがより深く扱います。始め方・貯蓄と投資・リスク・分散・複利・NISA完全ガイド・口座と税・商品カテゴリー・証券会社比較、そして外国人居住者と米国納税者向けのページです。まず初心者の道をたどり、次の判断に合うトピックを探します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investing-in-japan-complete-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:what-is-nisa","guide:investing-for-beginners","guide:investment-products-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-methodology:ja","entityId":"guide:investing-methodology","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"投資リサーチの情報源と方法論","plainText":"本リサーチは、規制当局・政府・一次情報を優先し、普遍的な「最良」を断定せず前提を置いた標準化された軸で比較し、事実と分析を分け、欠落した時点データを捏造しません。\n情報源の優先順位、順位と手数料の比較方法、事実と分析の分離、更新頻度、欠落データの扱い。\n情報源の優先：FSA・国税庁・厚労省・財務省・JSDA・公式資料・目論見書・米政府税源。\n「最良」は前提の下での最良で、普遍的な最良ではありません。\n事実・計算・編集上の分析を分けて扱います。\n変動しやすい数値（手数料・率）は検証日を付し、再確認すべきです。\n欠落した時点データは、欄を埋めるために捏造しません。\n情報源の優先順位\nリサーチは一次・公式情報を優先します。金融庁（FSA）、国税庁（NTA）、厚生労働省（MHLW）、財務省（MOF）、日本証券業協会（JSDA）、公式の証券会社文書、公式の目論見書、そして米国納税者のトピックにはIRSやFinCENなど米政府の税源です。登録の事実は、FSAの登録業者一覧とJSDA会員で確認します。\n提供者・商品の一覧は広いものの網羅的とは主張せず、いずれも個別の投資・法律・税務助言ではありません。主張が情報源に依存する場合、アクセス日または検証日とともに情報源を示します。\n比較と手数料の扱い\n順位は、定義した顧客——オンラインで取引し、NISAと特定口座を使い、毎月買付し、低い総コスト・広さ・税務対応・安全性を重視する個人の日本居住者——を前提とします。前提が異なれば答えは変わるため、「最良」は常にその前提の下での最良で、普遍的な最良ではありません。ポイントのキャンペーン率は、変わりやすくカード年会費で相殺され得るため低めに評価します。\n手数料は全体——手数料・為替スプレッド・投信費用・単元未満株スプレッド・移管手数料——で比較し、表面の手数料だけでは比べません。「手数料無料」は無コストではないためです。成績を論じる場合、一致する期間でファンドのベンチマークとのみ比較し、直近のリターンで投信を順位付けするためには使いません。\n事実と分析、欠落データ\n事実・計算・編集上の分析を分けます。規則（例：NISAの上限）は情報源のある事実、複利の表は予測ではなく明示した計算、「最適」の記述は前提の下での編集上の分析です。変動しやすい数値——手数料・ポイント率・提供者の機能——は検証日を付し、変わるため行動前に再確認すべきです。\n時点データ（現在の純資産・基準価額・過去の成績・変動・最大下落率）が公式の検証済み系列から得られない場合、欄を埋めるために捏造しません。代わりに、最新の目論見書・月次レポート・ベンチマークの方法論を案内します。更新ログが、重要な変更を日付と情報源とともに記録します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investing-methodology","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-data-updates","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:check-broker-license-and-scams"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jsda-nisa","publisher":"日本証券業協会","title":"NISA特設サイト","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-data-updates:ja","entityId":"guide:investing-data-updates","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"投資データ更新ログ","plainText":"本ログは、投資ページの背後にある事実の重要な変更——NISA規則・証券手数料・カード・商品の追加/終了・iDeCo改正——を、日付と情報源とともに追跡し、情報が能動的に維持されていることを示します。\n追跡する変更——NISA規則・証券手数料・カード・商品の追加/終了・iDeCo改正——と、能動的な維持が重要な理由。\n金融の事実は変わります：NISA規則・手数料・カード率・商品ラインナップ・iDeCo上限。\n重要な変更は、黙って上書きせず、日付と情報源とともに記録します。\n2026年12月からのiDeCo改正は、施行日に確認する必要があります。\nキャンペーン・手数料は行動前に再確認を。機能は定義より早く陳腐化します。\n能動的な維持は、読者にも回答エンジンにも信頼性の証拠です。\nこのログが追跡するもの\n個人金融の事実は静的ではありません。本ログは、投資ページの背後のデータの重要な変更を記録するために存在します。NISA規則の変更、証券手数料とFXの変更、クレジットカード・ポイントの変更、商品の追加・終了、iDeCo・年金の改正です。各重要更新は、施行日と、それを確認する情報源を付し、読者が現行規則と失効した規則を区別できるようにします。\n要点は鮮度の透明性です。権威的に見えても、古い手数料や失効したNISA規則を黙って抱えるページは誤解を招きます。日付と情報源のある変更記録は、何が現行かを信頼でき、最後にいつ確認されたかを示します。\n既知の今後の変更\n一部の変更は既に予定されており、現行として扱わず施行日に確認すべきです。特に、2026年12月からのiDeCo改正は一部の拠出上限を拡大します。その時期に加入する人は実施後の数値を確認すべきです。将来の年齢関連のNISA改正や、暗号資産の規制・税の変更も、同様に施行時に再確認すべきです。\nこれらは将来向けのため、それを説明するページは、改正前の数値が実施規則ではない旨を明示します。「予定」の改正は施行日まで保留として扱い、頼る前に再確認します。\n何を、どのくらいの頻度で再確認するか\n事実により陳腐化の速度が異なります。キャンペーン・手数料（ポイント率・キャンペーン条件・正確な手数料）は最も速く変わり、口座開設や取引の直前に再確認すべきです。口座機能や商品ラインナップはより緩やかですが、なお定期的な見直しが必要です。安定した教育的定義（PFICとは、複利の仕組み）はまれにしか変わりません。\nよって、特定の数値——手数料・ポイント率・NISAの上限・提供者の機能——に基づいて行動する前に、ページに記載があっても公式情報で確認します。ここの教育的な説明は長持ちしますが、変動する数値はスナップショットで、本ログと各ページの検証日が現行維持を助けます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investing-data-updates","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-methodology","guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:buying-property-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:buying-property-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で不動産を買う完全ガイド","plainText":"購入は予算→事前審査→物件探し→買付→重要事項説明→契約→本審査→検査→決済という多段階の流れで、頭金に加え価格の概ね6〜10%の現金が必要です。\n予算・資金計画・仲介・契約・検査・税金・保有まで。最初の予算から引き渡し後までの全行程。\nまず3つの上限を決める：購入価格・毎月の住居費・決済後に残す最低現金。\n買付前に事前審査を取り、住宅ローン特約（融資特約）を丁寧に取り決める。\n頭金に加えて価格の6〜10%の諸費用を見込む。\nポータルの掲載は「発見」であり調査ではない。権利・適法性・状態・災害リスクを確認する。\n購入の流れ（段階別）\n日本の不動産購入は、予算設定→事前審査→エリア選定→ポータルと仲介での物件探し→複数回の内見→買付証明書の提出→重要事項説明の確認→売買契約と手付金→本審査→検査→司法書士による登記を伴う決済、という順序で進みます。各段階に固有の書類・期限・つまずき方があるため、一つの決断ではなくプロジェクトとして扱いましょう。\n日本の審査は申込者だけでなく物件にも依存します。借地条件・適法性・床面積・立地・築年・構造・再建築可否・担保評価の弱さなどで、優良な申込者でも否決され得ます。自分の資金面と物件の法的・物理的事実を並行して整えましょう。\n内見の前に予算を決める\n内見の前に3つの上限を決めます：購入価格の上限、毎月の住居費の上限、決済後も残す最低現金額です。毎月の住居費は住宅ローンだけではありません。固定資産税・都市計画税、マンションの管理費・修繕積立金、保険、駐車場、光熱費、自己負担の修繕を含みます。一戸建てでは屋根・外装・排水・構造の修繕費が直接あなたに乗ります。\n銀行の上限は家計への推奨ではありません。フラット35の基準は総返済負担率を年収400万円未満で30%、400万円以上で35%までとしますが、堅実な家計は税・育児・年金・維持費・金利上昇を織り込み、通常はより低い比率を目標にします。\n資金計画・契約・融資特約\n買付の前に事前審査を受け、現実的な予算を把握して素早く動けるようにします。契約時、住宅ローン特約は金融機関・金額・申込と承認の期限を明記し、特約に基づき融資が不成立の場合に手付金が返還されるかを定めます。この特約を理解する前に売買契約を結ばないこと。住宅ローン利用者にとって最重要の保護です。\n重要事項説明は宅地建物取引士が行い、権利関係・法規制・接道・インフラ・災害情報・借地・管理・手付・解除などを扱います。署名直前に初めて見るのではなく、書類は早めに入手しましょう。\n検査・決済・その後\n中古住宅では可能なら独立した有資格の検査人に依頼します。建物状況調査は目視・計測可能な劣化を調べますが、無欠陥を保証するものではなく、金融機関の担保評価は構造検査ではありません。決済では買主が残代金を支払い、融資が実行され、鍵と占有が移り、司法書士が所有権移転と抵当権設定を登記します。空き渡し・インフラ・税金や費用の按分・想定外の担保がないことを確認しましょう。\n入居後は税の手続き（初年度の住宅ローン控除の確定申告を含む）を行い、住所変更をし、契約と費用の証拠を保管し、瑕疵の通知期限を確認し、修繕積立を始め、保険を毎年見直します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/buying-property-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-buy-foreigner","faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-earnest-money-size","faq:loan-financing-clause"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:mortgages-japan","guide:property-buying-checklist","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:rent-vs-buy-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-inspection","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Existing-home condition inspection framework","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgages-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgages-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の住宅ローン完全ガイド","plainText":"日本の住宅ローンは、収入と安定性・信用情報・物件で決まります。最も安いのは表面金利が最低のものではなく、保有期間の総コストが最低のものです。\n審査要件・種類・金利・手数料・引受・金融機関・申込手順。金利が上がった日本で住宅ローンが実際にどう動くか。\n銀行は安定雇用・収入・年齢・信用情報・団信の健康状態・物件を評価する。\n中心は固定か変動か。変動は今や2〜3%の本気のストレステストが必要。\n金利だけでなく、実行金利・2.2%の事務手数料・保証料・保険上乗せ・繰上返済費用を比較する。\n日本はゼロ金利期を脱した。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、プライムレートも上昇。\n変わった金利環境\n日本はゼロ金利時代とは大きく異なる金利環境に入りました。日銀の誘導目標は2026年6月の決定後で約1.0%、無担保コール翌日物の平均は2026年7月末で約0.977%でした。主要行は短期プライムレートや住宅ローン基準金利の引き上げを公表・実施しています。例えばみずほは、新規変動が約1.025%からでも2027年1月以降に1.275%以上へ上がると告知しました。今日の目玉金利だけでなく、告知された将来の返済額を試算しましょう。\n審査で見られる点\n引受では、収入・雇用の安定・年齢・債務・返済履歴・世帯の負担・団信の健康状態・物件の評価と適法性・書類を評価します。数年の安定した日本の課税所得がある永住・正社員が最も単純な案件で、契約・試用期間・歩合中心・自営・会社経営の申込者はより長い履歴が必要で、正規化した収入で評価され得ます。\n申込前にCICとJICCで自分の信用情報を確認しましょう。日本に単一の公的スコアはなく、銀行は指定信用情報機関から情報を取り独自基準を適用します。CICは申込照会を6か月、契約・支払い情報を概ね契約期間中と終了後5年まで記録します。ローン直前の繰り返しの申込や新規借入は避けましょう。\n種類・金利・手数料\n主な商品群は、全期間固定のフラット35、変動金利、固定期間選択型（例：10年固定）、ミックス型で、加えて夫婦向けの構造（ペアローン・収入合算・連帯債務・親子リレー）があります。固定は初期費用が高い代わりに金利リスクを取り除き、変動は今は安いが金利リスクをあなたに移します。2〜3%上昇しても売らずに耐えられる家計でのみ変動を選びましょう。\n金利以外に、実際のコストにはしばしば2.20%の事務手数料（5,000万円で110万円）、保証料（前払い・金利上乗せ・なしのいずれか）、鑑定、登録免許税、司法書士報酬、団信、任意特約、繰上返済手数料が含まれます。数年で売却・借換をする人には、名目上低い金利のほうが高くつくことがあります。\n申込の手順\n事前審査は、申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件情報による初期審査で、融資の約束ではありません。本審査は詳細書類と物件確認後の本格的な引受で、書類の相違・担保評価の弱さ・保険の不承認・雇用の変化・新規債務・物件の不適格などで否決され得ます。各金融機関に、実行月金利・永続的な引下げ幅・LTVと期間の上乗せ・手数料表・保険の選択肢・必要書類・審査期間・有効期限・英語対応を明記した日付入りの書面を求め、想定保有期間での内部コストを比較しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgages-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-preapproval-final"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:borrowing-guide","guide:mortgage-rates","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:flat-35","guide:foreigners-buying-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","title":"指定信用情報機関 CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:borrowing-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:borrowing-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のローン入門ガイド","plainText":"借入は、担保があり目的が明確で安定収入から返済できるとき安全で、生活赤字の穴埋めや長寿命資産を高金利の短期債務で買うとき危険です。\nローン用語・種類・信用審査、そして日本での安全な借入と危険な借入の違い。\n元金・利息・期間・返済方法の組合せが総コストを決める。金利だけではない。\n担保付き（住宅ローン）は安く長期。カードローンや消費者ローンははるかに高い。\n日本に単一のスコアはなく、銀行はCIC・JICCを見て独自基準を適用する。\n貸金業者からの借入は原則年収の3分の1まで。銀行・住宅ローンはこの規制の外。\n基本用語\n元金は利息・手数料を除いた借入額。利息はお金を使う対価で、残高に対して名目年率で計算します。借入期間は返済期間で、長いほど毎月の返済は下がりますが総利息は通常増え、上乗せがつくこともあります。返済予定（償却）は各返済が利息と元金にどう分かれるかで、元利均等では初期は残高が最大なので利息が大半です。\n元利均等返済は返済額を（見直しまで）一定に保ち、元金均等返済は毎月同じ元金を返すため返済額は高く始まり下がり、総利息を抑えますが全行が扱うわけではありません。バルーン（一括）払いは後日に大きな一括がくる方式で、借換や売却が常にできると仮定すると危険です。\nローンの種類\n住宅ローンや不動産担保ローンは担保リスクがある一方、通常は最低金利・最長期間です。カードローンや消費者ローンは抵当権登記を通常必要としませんが、はるかに高い（しばしば二桁の）金利で、長寿命資産や継続的な生活赤字の資金にすべきではありません。自動車ローンや教育ローンは目的別で、個人事業主の事業ローンは運転資金や設備を賄います。それぞれに適切な用途と特有の危険があり、要はローンの期間とコストを、買うものの寿命に合わせることです。\n信用審査と借入限度\n銀行は収入・安定性・債務・返済履歴・年齢、そして住宅ローンでは団信の健康状態と物件を評価します。日本に単一の消費者スコアはなく、信用情報機関（CIC・JICC）が申込照会・契約・返済・延滞の記録を保有し、消費者は自分の開示を請求できます。貸金業者からの借入は貸金業法の総量規制の対象で、対象残高が年収の3分の1を超えると新規借入が原則制限されます。一方、銀行融資や適格な住宅ローンはこの総量規制の外ですが、銀行は独自の返済能力審査を行います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/borrowing-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured","faq:loan-onethird-rule","faq:loan-total-cost"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-loans-work","guide:credit-records-japan","guide:consumer-loans","guide:secured-vs-unsecured"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","title":"指定信用情報機関 CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jicc-credit","publisher":"株式会社日本信用情報機構","title":"日本信用情報機構 JICC","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreigners-buying-property:ja","entityId":"guide:foreigners-buying-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人として日本で不動産を買う","plainText":"外国人は国籍を問わず概ね日本の不動産を所有できます。制約は融資で、永住が最も容易なルートですが必須ではなく、一部の専門金融機関は非永住者にも対応します。\n所有と融資の違い、永住・非永住のルート、書類、言語、資金の出所。外国人居住者の実践ガイド。\n所有資格と住宅ローン資格は別。所有は容易、融資が壁。\n永住は主流の金融機関を広く開く。ない場合は条件が厳しいか専門ルートに。\nプレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガ銀行は一部の非永住者向け商品や支援を公表。\n複数年の税務記録・在職証明・資金の出所・在留と返済継続の説明を用意する。\n所有と融資の違い\n国籍が外国人の土地・建物の所有を妨げることは一般にありません。所有資格と住宅ローン資格は別の問題です。現金購入でも、銀行口座・本人確認・納税管理人・送金・制裁・登記・継続管理の要件があり、海外から買う非居住者は納税管理人と資金の出所の丁寧な扱いが必要です。一方、通常の居住用住宅ローンは、原則として日本での居住と実際の本人居住を求めます。\n永住と非永住のルート\n永住が最も容易なルートである理由は、永住者が国籍要件では日本人申込者とほぼ同様に扱われることが多いためです（ただし言語・書類の要件は残ります）。永住がない場合、日本人配偶者や保証人のいる非永住者は一部の銀行で検討され得ますが、日本人配偶者のいない非永住者は対応行が少なく、より強い収入・雇用主・日本語・頭金・長期在留の証拠が必要になり得ます。海外在住の非居住者は通常の居住用ローンは概ね不可で、専門の投資・クロスボーダー融資が高コスト・低LTVで存在し得ます。\n実務的な非永住者の順序は、勤務先やデベロッパーの提携銀行→プレスティア（英語対応、最大5億円、保証料なし、購入・借換）→東京スター銀行（永住のない外国人向けに明示されたスターモーゲージ）→スルガ銀行（日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローン）→地方・取引銀行→国籍・在留の条件を満たせばフラット35→専門の担保・投資融資、です。非永住者のプレミアムを、永住を待つコストと不確実性と天秤にかけましょう。\n強いファイルを作る\n強い外国人居住者のローン書類には、在留カード・パスポート・住民票・求めに応じたマイナンバー関連の税書類、永住の証明または在留資格・更新・日本人配偶者や保証人の明確な説明、複数年の日本の課税証明と所得記録、在職証明・雇用契約・勤続・職務・給与振込の証拠、国内外の債務の完全な開示、頭金と資金の出所の証明（必要なら翻訳した海外銀行明細を含む）、日本語能力または認められる通訳の手配、物件書類・売買契約・重要事項説明、求めがあれば長期在留と返済継続の書面説明、そして海外転勤・在留資格喪失・離婚・出国への対応計画、が含まれます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/foreigners-buying-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-buy-foreigner","faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-pr-mandatory","faq:loan-english-support"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:mortgage-income-documents"]},"sources":[{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"tokyostar-mortgage","publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","title":"Star Mortgage housing loan","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"suruga-mortgage","publisher":"Suruga Bank","title":"Foreign-national home loan","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-investment-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:property-investment-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の不動産投資","plainText":"日本の賃貸は事業として、粗利回りではなくNOI・DSCR・現実的な空室と資本的支出で採算を見ます。粗利回り5〜6%でも費用後は薄いか赤字のキャッシュ利回りになり得ます。\n資金調達・利回り・空室・費用・税金・キャッシュフロー・出口リスク、そして居住用ローンを賃貸に流用してはならない理由。\nNOI・DSCR・自己資金利回り・損益分岐入居率を使う。粗利回りをキャッシュフローと見なさない。\n住宅ローン元金を営業費用に含めない。ただし資本的支出は必ず積み立てる。\n居住用ローンは安易に投資ローンにできない。居住の偽装は期限の利益喪失や詐欺の主張を招く。\n900万戸の空き家は900万件の掘り出し物ではない。多くは需要の弱い立地で権利・接道・構造に問題がある。\n事業として採算を見る\n実効総収入は、想定賃料から空室・フリーレント・貸倒れを引き、その他収入を足したものです。NOI（純営業収益）は実効総収入から営業費用（管理・組合費・オーナー負担の光熱費・客付け手数料・維持・保険・固定資産税と都市計画税・空室・継続的な資本的支出）を引いたもので、住宅ローン元金は含みません。税引前キャッシュフローはNOIから元利返済と資本的支出の積立を引いたもので、DSCRはNOI÷年間元利返済です。普遍的な安全DSCRはありませんが、1.0超の余裕は必須で、銀行はより高い水準を求めるのが通常です。\n粗利回り5%と広告される物件でも、費用後は薄いか赤字のキャッシュ利回りになり得ます。4,000万円で月20万円の賃料なら粗利回り6.0%ですが、空室5%・年36万円の管理/組合費・20万円の税と保険・15万円の維持・20万円の資本積立の後、例示NOIは約137万円で、取得費用前で価格の約3.4%です。これを2.5%・高レバレッジで借りれば、余裕はほとんど残りません。\n投資のデューデリジェンス\n誰が入居者で、目標賃料での需要はどれほど厚いか。比較事例は成約賃料か募集賃料か。次の屋根・外壁・エレベーター・配管・防水の費用。現在の用途・消防設備・接道が適法か。融資が固定か変動か、期限前返済請求・遡及の有無、借換の前提。土地建物の按分と減価償却が税務上どう裏付けられるか。出口で誰がどの利回りで何年後に買うか。管理料・更新料・修繕のマークアップ・解約条件。キャップレートの拡大（後の買い手がより高い利回りを求めること）は、同じNOIでも価値を下げます。\nやってはいけないこと\n銀行が明示的に認めない限り、居住用ローンを投資に使わないこと。転居・長期賃貸・民泊・自宅での事業は、ローン・保険・建築・用途地域・管理規約に反し得、居住の偽装は否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺の懸念・保険や税の帰結を招きます。将来の借換に頼らないこと、粗利回りをキャッシュフローとしないこと、再建築不可や借地、地方の空き家を専門家のレビューなしに買わないこと。民泊は国の枠組みで原則年180日まで、自治体はさらに制限でき、法が許しても管理規約が禁じ得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-investment-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-good-investment","faq:loan-gross-yield","faq:loan-residential-for-investment","faq:loan-vacant-house"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:investment-property-loans","guide:home-vs-investment-property","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home","guide:minpaku-homeowners"]},"sources":[{"id":"stat-housing-survey","publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","title":"Housing and Land Survey","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-minpaku","publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","title":"Private-lodging (minpaku) portal","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:homeownership-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:homeownership-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で家を持つ","plainText":"保有は継続的な約束です。固定資産税・都市計画税・保険・修繕を毎年見込みます。一戸建ては自己資金、マンションは管理費と修繕積立金で。\n毎年の税金・保険・修繕・管理費・リフォーム・賃貸化・売却。保有に伴う継続コストと義務。\n固定資産税（該当地域では都市計画税も）は評価額に基づく毎年の地方税。\n一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・構造・排水・シロアリの修繕を自己資金で。マンションは管理費と修繕積立金を払う。\n火災保険は概ね融資の要件。地震保険は別建てで上限あり。\n賃貸化・民泊・海外転居は、先に融資・保険・税・管理規約の確認が必要。\n保有の年間コスト\nオーナーは毎年、評価額に基づく地方税である固定資産税と、都市計画区域内では都市計画税を払います。マンション所有者はさらに、通常運営のための管理費（月次）と、大規模修繕のための修繕積立金を払います。積立金は将来のために貯め、管理費は貯めません。一戸建てはどちらも払いませんが、屋根・外装・設備・構造のために同等の私的積立を自分で用意する必要があります。これらの費用は時間とともに直接かつ不均等に発生するためです。\n保険と修繕\n融資では通常、建物に十分な火災保険が求められます。地震保険は火災保険に付帯し、保険金額は対応する火災保険金額の概ね30〜50%で、建物5,000万円・家財1,000万円が上限です。完全な再建の保証ではなく、生活再建の支援を目的とします。通常の火災保険は地震による火災を概ね補償しないため、別建ての地震保険を検討します。補償は毎年見直し、融資や代理店のセット提案があっても外部の見積りと比較しましょう。\n賃貸化・民泊・転居・売却\n抵当付きの自宅は、融資の同意と、ローン・税・保険・建築規約の順守があって初めて賃貸に出せます。無許可で投資物件に転用するとローン違反になり得ます。民泊は、国の法・自治体条例・管理規約・融資・保険のすべてが認めて初めて可能です。海外へ転居する場合は、居住条件が対応を求め得るため、融資・保険・税務当局・管理会社に届け出ます。売却時は、仲介・抵当抹消・法務費用・修繕・税が手取りを減らし、適格な自宅の売却は条件付きで最大3,000万円の特別控除を使える場合があります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/homeownership-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-fees","faq:loan-rent-out-mortgaged","faq:loan-fire-earthquake","faq:loan-move-overseas"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-asset-tax","guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:selling-property-costs"]},"sources":[{"id":"gia-earthquake","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Earthquake insurance guidance","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"tokyo-fixed-asset-tax","publisher":"東京都主税局","title":"固定資産税・都市計画税（土地・家屋）","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-home-sale-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"¥30 million home-sale special deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3302.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rent-vs-buy-japan-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:rent-vs-buy-japan-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で賃貸か購入か：総合判断","plainText":"想定保有が長く、現金の備えが厚く、物件の流動性が高いなら購入。柔軟性が重要か、数年以内に日本を離れ得るなら賃貸が有利です。\n保有期間・必要現金・柔軟性・売却・維持。単一の答えではなくシナリオで考える枠組み。\n判断を左右するのは、月々の比較より滞在期間と職の安定。\n購入は頭金に加え価格の6〜10%の現金が必要。賃貸はその流動性を残す。\n日本の多くの建物は減価し売却も遅くなり得るため、購入は自動的な資産形成ではない。\n売却額は悲観・中央・楽観で、さらに3年・5年での早期売却も試算する。\n判断を本当に動かすもの\n国によっては購入がほぼ確実に資産形成になりますが、日本はより微妙です。多くの住宅、特に古い木造は減価し、売却のしやすさは立地で大きく異なるため、購入が自動的に投資の勝ちになるわけではありません。土地部分や優良地の物件は挙動が異なります。賃貸は柔軟で、数年で仕事や居住国が変わり得る人には大きな意味があります。まず保有期間と現金の厚さを決め、それから数字を回しましょう。\n単一の答えでなくシナリオで\n有効な賃貸対購入の比較は、賃貸側では月額家賃・更新料・敷金の損失・家賃上昇を、購入側では諸費用・住宅ローン・保有費用・売却額・売却費用・税制メリット・使わなかった現金の運用リターンをモデル化します。単一の損益分岐に頼らず、悲観・中央・楽観の売却額、値上がりゼロ、大規模修繕、3年・5年での早期売却など複数のシナリオを回します。購入が有利になりがちなのは、保有期間が6〜10%の取引コストを吸収できるほど長いときだけです。\n押さえておきたい要点：判断を左右するのは、月々の比較より滞在期間と職の安定。購入は頭金に加え価格の6〜10%の現金が必要。賃貸はその流動性を残す。日本の多くの建物は減価し売却も遅くなり得るため、購入は自動的な資産形成ではない。売却額は悲観・中央・楽観で、さらに3年・5年での早期売却も試算する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/rent-vs-buy-japan-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-rent-vs-buy","faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-homes-depreciate"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:rent-vs-buy-japan","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:property-resale-value"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-land","publisher":"国土交通省","title":"土地・不動産取引価格情報","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_tk5_000085.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-buying-checklist:ja","entityId":"guide:property-buying-checklist","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の不動産購入チェックリスト","plainText":"予算と信用→事前審査と物件探し→買付と重要事項確認→契約と本審査→検査と決済の5段階を進め、その後に税と保険の手続きを済ませます。\n予算から決済までの段階別チェックリスト。資金・調査・契約・検査・購入後の手続きを網羅。\n事前審査と明確な住宅ローン特約の前に買付を出さない。\n重要事項説明は署名直前でなく早めに読む。\n中古は可能なら独立した検査を依頼する。\n決済後は初年度の住宅ローン控除を申告し、瑕疵の期限を控える。\n段階1〜2：予算・信用・事前審査・物件探し\n予算：購入価格の上限、毎月の住居費の上限（ローン＋税・管理費・積立金・保険・駐車場・光熱費・修繕）、決済後に残す最低現金を決めます。信用：CIC・JICCを確認し、新規借入や繰り返しの申込を避け、源泉徴収票や課税証明を集めます。事前審査：仮審査を受け現実的な予算を把握します。物件探し：複数のポータルと仲介を使い、掲載は発見にとどめ、通勤・学校・医療・騒音・再開発・用途地域・傾斜・浸水/土砂/津波/液状化のリスクを国交省の不動産情報ライブラリで評価します。\n段階3〜4：買付・重要事項・契約・本審査\n買付：価格・手付・融資特約・引渡日・付帯設備・検査/リフォームの立入を明確にした買付証明書を出します。重要事項：重要事項説明を早めに入手し、権利・接道・用途地域・災害・インフラ・借地・管理・手付・解除を確認します。契約：売買契約を結び手付金（一般に5〜10%だが必須ではない）を払い、住宅ローン特約と解除権を理解します。本審査：契約・重要事項説明・税と所得の書類・本人確認と住民票・物件書類・保険/健康の告知を提出し本格審査を受けます。\n段階5とその後：検査・決済・購入後\n検査：中古は独立した有資格の検査人に依頼します。金融機関の担保評価は構造検査ではなく、いかなる検査も隠れた瑕疵の不存在を保証しません。決済：残代金を払い、融資実行を受け、鍵と占有を受け取り、司法書士に所有権移転と抵当権設定を登記してもらいます。空き渡し・インフラ・税や費用の按分・想定外の担保がないことを確認します。その後：初年度の住宅ローン控除を含む税手続きを行い、住所変更をし、契約と費用の証拠を保管し、瑕疵の通知期限を控え、修繕積立を始め、保険を毎年見直します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-buying-checklist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-financing-clause","faq:loan-earnest-money-size","faq:loan-inspection-guarantee"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:buying-property-japan","guide:important-matters-explanation","guide:home-inspections","guide:property-closing-registration"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-inspection","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Existing-home condition inspection framework","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-loans-work:ja","entityId":"guide:how-loans-work","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のローンの仕組み","plainText":"ローンは、残高に利息を付けて期間内に返す元金です。担保付きは低金利の代わりに担保を差し入れ、延滞は損害金・信用毀損・場合により強制執行を招きます。\n元金・利息・期間・返済・担保・債務不履行。あらゆるローンの基本の仕組み。\n利息は残高に対して発生するため、元利均等では初期の返済は利息が大半。\n期間が長いほど毎月の返済は下がるが総利息は通常増える。\n担保（抵当権設定）はローンを保全し、債務不履行は強制執行と売却を招き得る。\n担保の引き渡しでも残債が消えないことがある。\n元金・利息・期間\n元金は利息・手数料を除いた借入額です。利息はそのお金を使う対価で、当初元金にずっとではなく残高に対して名目年率で発生します。借入期間は返済期間で、長いほど毎月の返済は下がりますが総利息は通常増え、上乗せがつくこともあります。いくつかの銀行は、年齢・物件・引受の条件付きで最長50年の期間を認めています。\n返済・担保・債務不履行\n返済予定（償却）は各返済が利息と元金にどう分かれるかです。担保付きローンは担保を差し入れます。住宅ローンでは第一順位の抵当権を登記するため、無担保のカード・消費者ローンより低金利・長期になります。債務不履行では遅延損害金が発生しますが、より深刻なのは信用情報の毀損・残高全額の期限の利益喪失・保証会社の代位弁済・回収、そして最終的な競売で、物件を引き渡しても残債が必ず消えるわけではありません。\n押さえておきたい要点：利息は残高に対して発生するため、元利均等では初期の返済は利息が大半。期間が長いほど毎月の返済は下がるが総利息は通常増える。担保（抵当権設定）はローンを保全し、債務不履行は強制執行と売却を招き得る。担保の引き渡しでも残債が消えないことがある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/how-loans-work","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-principal","faq:loan-what-interest","faq:loan-what-collateral"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:borrowing-guide","guide:interest-rates","guide:collateral-guarantee-companies","guide:late-payments-default"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:interest-rates:ja","entityId":"guide:interest-rates","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のローン金利を理解する","plainText":"広告金利は通常、基準金利から承認された優遇幅を引いたものです。その優遇が永続か、金利がどう見直されるかは、数字そのものと同じくらい重要です。\n名目金利・実効コスト・基準金利・優遇金利、そして金利がいつどう変わるか。\n基準金利は貸し手の出発点、優遇金利はそこから承認された引下げを引いたもの。\n優遇幅は全期間永続の場合と条件付きの場合がある。どちらか確認する。\n変動金利は半年ごとの見直しが一般的だが契約により異なる。\n日本はゼロ金利期を脱した。2026年にプライムレートが上がり、さらなる変更も予告済み。\n基準金利と優遇金利\n貸し手は基準金利（店頭金利）を公表し、承認された優遇幅を適用してあなたの適用金利（優遇金利）を作ります。同じ銀行の二人でも優遇幅が違えば金利は大きく異なります。重要なのは、その優遇が全期間固定か、特定の口座やサービスの維持を条件とするかを尋ねることです。消え得る優遇は、魅力的な金利を不確かなものに変えます。\n金利はいつどう変わるか\n固定金利は全期間または当初期間固定、変動金利は定期的に見直され、一般に半年ごとに再計算され、返済額は即時に変わるか、契約により5年ルール・125%ルールの下で変わります。これらの返済ルールは変更の時期や幅を制限しますが、利息の発生を止めず金利リスクも消しません。使わない貸し手もあるので契約を読みましょう。日本はゼロ金利期を脱した（2026年半ばの日銀目標は約1.0%でプライムも上昇）ため、変動の借り手は提示金利＋1・2・3%での返済額を試算すべきです。\n押さえておきたい要点：基準金利は貸し手の出発点、優遇金利はそこから承認された引下げを引いたもの。優遇幅は全期間永続の場合と条件付きの場合がある。どちらか確認する。変動金利は半年ごとの見直しが一般的だが契約により異なる。日本はゼロ金利期を脱した。2026年にプライムレートが上がり、さらなる変更も予告済み。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/interest-rates","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-base-rate","faq:loan-what-preferential","faq:loan-discount-disappear","faq:loan-variable-change-frequency"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","guide:mortgage-rates"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"boj-call-rate","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Uncollateralized overnight call rate","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/statistics/market/short/mutan/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"実質年率と日本の住宅ローンの本当のコスト","plainText":"日本の住宅ローン広告は名目金利を強調し手数料は別記するため、実行金利・2.2%の事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・想定保有期間から実効コストを自分で計算する必要があります。\n表面金利では不十分な理由：事務手数料・保険・登記・保有期間。\n日本に単一の標準化された総費用APR表示はなく、実効コストは自分で作る。\n5,000万円の融資に2.20%の事務手数料は、他費用前で110万円。\n保有期間が短ければ、名目上低い金利のほうが高くつくことがある。\n登記・司法書士報酬・保険・繰上返済手数料を含める。\n表面金利が不十分な理由\n国際的にはAPRは利息と所定の手数料を一つの年率化した借入コストにまとめます。日本の住宅ローン広告は普遍的に比較できる総費用APRではなく、名目年率を強調し手数料を別記するのが一般的です。実際、確認した各行のページも金利と2.20%の事務手数料を別々に記しています。公平に比較するには、実行金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登録免許税・司法書士報酬、そして決定的に想定保有期間を使って実効コストを計算する必要があります。\n総費用ワークシート\n合計します：想定保有期間の利息、事務手数料（多くは2.20%＝5,000万円で110万円）または保証料、団信と特約、鑑定、登録免許税、司法書士報酬、優遇維持に必要な口座条件、繰上返済手数料。そこから頭金の機会費用を差し引きます。同じ金利の二つのローンでも、手数料を数えると100万円以上差が出ることがあり、手数料の大きい低金利ローンは、数年で売却・借換を見込む借り手には不向きです。\n押さえておきたい要点：日本に単一の標準化された総費用APR表示はなく、実効コストは自分で作る。5,000万円の融資に2.20%の事務手数料は、他費用前で110万円。保有期間が短ければ、名目上低い金利のほうが高くつくことがある。登記・司法書士報酬・保険・繰上返済手数料を含める。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-apr-total-cost","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-apr","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-total-cost"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-fees","guide:read-mortgage-quote","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained:ja","entityId":"guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"固定金利と変動金利の解説","plainText":"固定は今は高いが金利リスクを取り除き、変動は今は安いがそのリスクをあなたに移します。2〜3%の上昇を売らずに吸収できる場合のみ変動を選びましょう。\n固定・変動・固定期間選択・見直し・金利リスク。各構造が返済額に与える影響。\n固定（フラット35を含む）は金利を固定。10年固定選択型は10年後に見直し。\n変動は定期的に見直され、上昇は家計が負担する。\n当初金利でしか返済できない借り手は、そのローンを安全には負担できない。\nミックス型はリスクを分けるが複雑さと二組の前提が増える。\n4つの構造\n全期間固定（フラット35を含む）は全期間一定です。固定期間選択型（例：10年固定）は当初期間だけ固定し、その後は当時の金利と契約上の優遇で見直されます。10年固定は35年全期間固定ではありません。変動金利は定期的（一般に半年ごと）に見直されます。ミックス型は借入を変動と固定に分け、集中を減らしますが、二組の前提を管理する必要があります。\n金利リスクとストレステスト\n変動金利は今や本気のストレステストが必要です。当初金利でしか返済できない家計は、そのローンを安全には負担できません。2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる場合のみ変動を選び、＋1・＋2・＋3%での返済額を試算し、ストレス下の住居費が手取りの堅実な割合に収まるか確認します。固定は所定の金利リスクを取り除きますが、収入・物件・インフレ・人生のリスクは消さないため「無リスク」ではありません。\n押さえておきたい要点：固定（フラット35を含む）は金利を固定。10年固定選択型は10年後に見直し。変動は定期的に見直され、上昇は家計が負担する。当初金利でしか返済できない借り手は、そのローンを安全には負担できない。ミックス型はリスクを分けるが複雑さと二組の前提が増える。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/fixed-variable-interest-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-fixed","faq:loan-what-variable","faq:loan-fixed-risk-free","faq:loan-unpaid-interest"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","guide:five-year-125-percent-rule","guide:variable-rate-mortgages","guide:fixed-rate-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"resona-mortgage","publisher":"Resona Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-amortization:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-amortization","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローンの返済と償却の仕組み","plainText":"元利均等は返済額を一定に保ち初期は利息が大半、元金均等は毎月同じ元金を返し、高く始まりますが総利息は少なくなります。\n元利均等と元金均等、利息の配分、期間が総利息をどう変えるか。\n元利均等では初期は残高が最大なので返済の大半が利息。\n元金均等は高く始まり下がり総利息を抑えるが、全行が扱うわけではない。\n1〜2%の金利差も35年では大きくなる。\n期間が長いほど毎月は下がるが総利息は増える。\n元利均等と元金均等\n元利均等返済は返済額を（金利や返済の見直しまで）一定に保ちますが、元金部分は時間とともに増え、初期は利息が大半です。元金均等返済は毎月同じ元金を返すため、返済額は高く始まり下がり、同条件の元利均等より総利息を抑えます。全行が扱うわけではありません。元利均等は初期の資金繰りを楽にし、元金均等は初期の高い返済を負担できる人に利息の節約をもたらします。\n金利と期間が効く理由\n5,000万円・35年・元利均等の全額償却ローンでは、毎月の返済額と総利息は金利とともに急に増えます。0.945%で月約139,900円・総利息約874万円、1.50%で約153,100円・1,430万円、2.00%で約165,600円・1,957万円、2.50%で約178,700円・2,507万円、3.29%で約200,600円・3,426万円、4.00%で約221,400円・4,298万円です。手数料や返済ルールの影響は除きますが、「わずか」1〜2%の差が数十年で金額として大きくなること、そして期間を延ばすと毎月は下がっても総利息は増えることを示します。\n押さえておきたい要点：元利均等では初期は残高が最大なので返済の大半が利息。元金均等は高く始まり下がり総利息を抑えるが、全行が扱うわけではない。1〜2%の金利差も35年では大きくなる。期間が長いほど毎月は下がるが総利息は増える。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-amortization","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-amortization","faq:loan-level-principal-interest","faq:loan-level-principal"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:repayment-method-comparison","guide:interest-rates","guide:early-repayment"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:five-year-125-percent-rule:ja","entityId":"guide:five-year-125-percent-rule","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の5年ルールと125%ルール","plainText":"5年ルールは返済額の再計算を遅らせ、125%ルールは見直し時の増加を125%までに抑えます。ただしどちらも金利に上限を設けず利息の発生も止めず、使わない貸し手もあります。\nルールが何をして何をしないか、未払利息のリスク、貸し手ごとの違い。\n5年ルールは金利が上がっても一定期間は返済額を据え置く。\n125%ルールは見直し時の返済額の増加を従前の125%までに抑える。\nどちらも金利に上限を設けず利息の発生も止めない。\n利息が予定返済額を超えると、未払利息が積み上がり得る。\nルールがすることとしないこと\n一部の変動ローンでは、金利が半年ごとに見直されても返済額は5年ごとにしか再計算されず（5年ルール）、再計算時の増加は従前の125%までに制限されます（125%ルール）。これらは変更の時期と幅を制限し、ショックを和らげます。しかし金利に上限を設けず、利息の発生を止めず、負債総額を減らしもしません。これらを一切使わない貸し手もいるため、適用を仮定せず実際の契約を読みましょう。\n未払利息のリスク\n危険は分かりにくいものです。金利が十分に上がり、発生する利息が上限付きの返済額を超えると、その不足分が未払利息となり元金の上に積み上がり得ます。返済額は安定して見えても負債は静かに増え、緩和期間の終わりに大きく再計算された返済額や残債が現れ得ます。だからこそ変動の借り手は、5年・125%ルールを金利上昇への保護と見なさず、高い金利でストレステストを行い、備えを持つべきです。\n押さえておきたい要点：5年ルールは金利が上がっても一定期間は返済額を据え置く。125%ルールは見直し時の返済額の増加を従前の125%までに抑える。どちらも金利に上限を設けず利息の発生も止めない。利息が予定返済額を超えると、未払利息が積み上がり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/five-year-125-percent-rule","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-five-year-rule","faq:loan-125-rule","faq:loan-all-variable-rules","faq:loan-unpaid-interest"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:variable-rate-mortgages","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"id":"resona-mortgage","publisher":"Resona Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:loan-to-value-down-payment:ja","entityId":"guide:loan-to-value-down-payment","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"LTV（融資比率）と頭金","plainText":"LTVは融資額÷金融機関が認める物件評価です。LTVが低い（頭金が多い）ほど条件と承認が良くなりがちで、フルローンはレバレッジと担保割れのリスクを高めます。\nLTVの計算、80%・90%の閾値、フルローンのリスク、担保評価。\nLTV＝融資額÷金融機関が認める物件評価（または価格）。\n多くの銀行はLTV80%以下で条件が良く、80%超で上乗せする銀行もある。\nフルローンや100%超融資は担保割れを招き、諸費用や修繕の現金が残らないことがある。\n金融機関が認める評価額は購入価格を下回ることがある。\nLTVの仕組み\nLTVは融資額を金融機関が認める物件評価または価格で割ったものです。認められる評価は合意した価格を下回り得るため、実効LTVは想定より高くなることがあります。多くの銀行はLTV80%以下で最良の条件を出し、それを超えると上乗せします。例えばau Jibun Bankは80%超で0.045%を加えます。頭金を増やすとLTVが下がり、金利も承認確率も概ね良くなります。\nフルローンのリスク\n諸費用を含めて価格の90%・100%、さらに100%超を融資するローンもありますが、レバレッジとリスクが上がります。自己資本がほとんどないと、市場価値が下がったり減価したりすると買主はすぐに担保割れに陥り、諸費用・修繕・緊急時の現金が残らないことがあります。堅実な買主はすべてを借りず、頭金と、6〜10%の諸費用に充てる別枠の備えを持ちます。\n押さえておきたい要点：LTV＝融資額÷金融機関が認める物件評価（または価格）。多くの銀行はLTV80%以下で条件が良く、80%超で上乗せする銀行もある。フルローンや100%超融資は担保割れを招き、諸費用や修繕の現金が残らないことがある。金融機関が認める評価額は購入価格を下回ることがある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/loan-to-value-down-payment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-how-much-down","faq:loan-zero-down-safe","faq:loan-what-ltv","faq:loan-ltv-over-100"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:down-payment-comparison","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:mortgage-rates"]},"sources":[{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:debt-to-income-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:debt-to-income-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"返済負担率と住宅ローンの返済能力","plainText":"返済負担率は年間返済額÷審査対象所得です。フラット35は概ね年収400万円未満で30%、以上で35%までですが、銀行の上限は家計の適切な目標ではありません。\n返済負担率・審査対象所得、そして家計の余裕と銀行の上限。\n返済負担率＝年間返済額÷審査対象の年収。\nフラット35：年収400万円未満で30%以下、400万円以上で35%以下が一般的。\n比率は住宅ローンだけでなく全債務を数える。自動車ローンやカード枠が余裕を減らす。\n税・育児・年金・維持費・金利上昇を考えると、低い比率のほうが安全。\n返済負担率\n返済負担率は通常、年間返済額を審査対象の年収で割ったもので、新しい住宅ローンに加え自動車ローン・カードローンの最低返済など全債務を数えます。フラット35の基準は概ね、年収400万円未満で総返済負担率30%以下、400万円以上で35%以下を認めます。自営や変動収入の審査対象所得はしばしば正規化された低めの数字で、既存の債務はそのまま承認される住宅ローン額を減らします。\n銀行の上限と適切な目標\n銀行の上限は家計への推奨ではありません。公表された比率は引受の天井で、堅実な家計は所得税・住民税・国民年金・国民健康保険・育児・継続的な維持費・変動ローンの金利上昇の可能性を考慮し、通常はより低い比率を目標にします。承認上限まで借りると金利上昇や人生の変化に対する余裕が残らないため、返済能力は銀行の天井ではなく、自分のストレスをかけた家計で判断しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：返済負担率＝年間返済額÷審査対象の年収。フラット35：年収400万円未満で30%以下、400万円以上で35%以下が一般的。比率は住宅ローンだけでなく全債務を数える。自動車ローンやカード枠が余裕を減らす。税・育児・年金・維持費・金利上昇を考えると、低い比率のほうが安全。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/debt-to-income-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-dti","faq:loan-flat35-ratios","faq:loan-borrow-maximum"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:property-budget","guide:debt-before-mortgage","guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-repayment-ratio","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 repayment-ratio and simulation","url":"https://www.flat35.com/user/simulation/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:preapproval-final-approval:ja","entityId":"guide:preapproval-final-approval","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローンの事前審査と本審査","plainText":"事前審査は申告情報による予備審査で融資の約束ではありません。本審査は申込者と物件の本格的な引受で、書類・担保評価・保険・雇用・債務・物件の適格性が変わればなお否決され得ます。\n各段階が何を確認するか、有効期限、物件審査、承認がなお失敗し得る理由。\n事前審査は申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件を確認するが約束ではない。\n本審査は詳細書類と物件確認後の本格的な引受。\n書類の相違・担保評価の弱さ・保険不承認があれば、事前審査後でも否決され得る。\n買付前に事前審査を取り、決済まで転職や新規借入を避ける。\n2つの段階、2つの目的\n事前審査（仮審査）は、申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件情報による初期審査です。現実的な予算を与え素早く動けるようにしますが、融資の約束ではありません。本審査は、詳細書類の提出と物件確認の後の本格的な引受で、売買契約・重要事項説明・税と所得の書類・本人確認と住民票・物件書類・保険/健康の告知がここで問われます。\n本審査がなお失敗する理由\n申告と書類が異なる、担保評価が低く出る、健康上の理由で団信に加入できない、雇用が変わる、新規債務が現れる、物件が不適格（借地条件・床面積・適法性・再建築可否など）と判明する、といった場合、事前審査後でも承認が失敗・変更され得ます。身を守るには、買付前に事前審査を取り、住宅ローン特約を丁寧に取り決め、事前審査から決済までの間に転職・新規借入・大きな買い物などの重大な変化を避けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：事前審査は申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件を確認するが約束ではない。本審査は詳細書類と物件確認後の本格的な引受。書類の相違・担保評価の弱さ・保険不承認があれば、事前審査後でも否決され得る。買付前に事前審査を取り、決済まで転職や新規借入を避ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/preapproval-final-approval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-preapproval","faq:loan-what-final-approval","faq:loan-approval-fail","faq:loan-change-jobs"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-preapproval","guide:mortgage-financing-clause","guide:employment-mortgage-approval"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:collateral-guarantee-companies:ja","entityId":"guide:collateral-guarantee-companies","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"担保・抵当権設定・保証会社","plainText":"住宅ローンでは第一順位の抵当権を登記します。保証会社は債務不履行時に銀行へ代位弁済し得ますが、その後はあなたが保証会社に負い、連帯保証人は広範な責任を負います。\n抵当権登記・保証会社の役割・保証人・債務不履行の帰結。\n貸し手は物件に第一順位の抵当権を登記する。\n保証会社は審査し、債務不履行時に銀行へ代位弁済し得るが、その後はあなたが保証会社に負う。\n代位弁済で債務は消えない。請求権は保証会社に移る。\n連帯保証人は人物保証ではない。責任は広範になり得る。\n担保と抵当権設定\n担保はローンを保全する資産です。住宅ローンでは物件に第一順位の抵当権を登記し、これが担保付き融資の低金利と長期を可能にします。債務不履行では執行により売却に至り得、物件を引き渡しても残債が必ず消えるわけではありません。売却代金と残高の差額（不足分）をなお負い得ます。\n保証会社と連帯保証人\n保証会社は審査のうえ、貸し手への返済を保証します。あなたの債務不履行で銀行へ代位弁済しても債務は消えず、請求権は原則保証会社に移り、以後あなたを追及します。「保証料なし」の商品は代わりに事務手数料率を上げたり金利に費用を織り込んだりするため、総額で比較しましょう。連帯保証人は保証条件の下で責任を負う人で、単なる人物保証ではなく責任は広範になり得、安易に引き受けるべきではありません。\n押さえておきたい要点：貸し手は物件に第一順位の抵当権を登記する。保証会社は審査し、債務不履行時に銀行へ代位弁済し得るが、その後はあなたが保証会社に負う。代位弁済で債務は消えない。請求権は保証会社に移る。連帯保証人は人物保証ではない。責任は広範になり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/collateral-guarantee-companies","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-collateral","faq:loan-what-mortgage-registration","faq:loan-what-guarantee-company","faq:loan-guarantee-erase-debt"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-fees","guide:how-loans-work","guide:late-payments-default"]},"sources":[{"id":"jftc-guarantee","publisher":"一般社団法人 全国銀行協会","title":"全国銀行協会","url":"https://www.zenginkyo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:early-repayment:ja","entityId":"guide:early-repayment","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の住宅ローンの繰上返済","plainText":"元金を多く返すと利息が減り、通常は期間短縮のほうが返済額軽減より節約になりますが、緊急資金を残し、取り返せない繰上返済の前に住宅ローン控除も勘案しましょう。\n期間短縮と返済額軽減、手数料、緊急資金とのトレードオフ。\n通常、期間短縮のほうが返済額軽減より利息の節約になる（他条件が同じ場合）。\nオンラインの繰上返済は無料が多いが、方法や手数料は貸し手により異なる。\n繰上返済の前に緊急資金を残す。繰上返済は取り消しにくい。\n年末残高に基づく住宅ローン控除は、大きな繰上返済で減ることがある。\n期間短縮と返済額軽減\n繰上返済は、予定より早く元金を多く返すことです。適用は二通りで、期間短縮は毎月の返済額を保ったまま期間を縮め、返済額軽減は期間を保ったまま毎月の返済額を下げます。他条件が同じなら、利息負担の大きい後半の年を取り除くため、通常は期間短縮のほうが利息の節約になります。多くの貸し手はオンラインで一部繰上返済を無料でできますが、方法・最低額・手数料は異なるため契約条件を確認しましょう。\n流動性と税のトレードオフ\n繰上返済はほぼ取り返せません。現金をローンに入れると簡単には戻せません。大きな繰上返済の前に、一般に数か月分の生活費＋物件固有の修繕積立という緊急資金を残しましょう。年末のローン残高に基づく住宅ローン控除も勘案します。繰上返済は残高を減らし、控除適用年の控除を減らし得ます。判断は、節約できる利息と、流動性の価値・失う控除とを比較することです。\n押さえておきたい要点：通常、期間短縮のほうが返済額軽減より利息の節約になる（他条件が同じ場合）。オンラインの繰上返済は無料が多いが、方法や手数料は貸し手により異なる。繰上返済の前に緊急資金を残す。繰上返済は取り消しにくい。年末残高に基づく住宅ローン控除は、大きな繰上返済で減ることがある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/early-repayment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-early-repayment","faq:loan-early-always-best","faq:loan-term-vs-payment-reduction","faq:loan-online-early-free"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-amortization","guide:mortgage-tax-deduction"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-mortgage-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Housing-loan tax deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:late-payments-default:ja","entityId":"guide:late-payments-default","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ローンの返済が遅れるとどうなるか","plainText":"延滞は遅延損害金と信用情報への記録を招き、放置すると残高全額の期限の利益喪失・保証会社の代位弁済・回収、最終的に競売に至り得、不足額はなお残ります。\n遅延損害金・信用情報・期限の利益喪失・回収・代位弁済・競売。\n遅延損害金が発生するが、より重要なのは信用情報の毀損。\n延滞が続くと期限の利益を喪失し、残高全額が一括請求され得る。\n保証会社が銀行へ代位弁済し、その後あなたに全額を請求し得る。\n競売に至り得、売却後の不足額はなお残る。\n帰結のタイムライン\n一度の延滞はまず遅延損害金を発生させ、より重要なのはCIC・JICCの信用情報への記録で、これは何年も将来の借入に影響し得ます。延滞が続くと、貸し手は期限の利益を喪失させ（残高全額を即時に請求）、保証会社が代位弁済し得ます。代位弁済で債務は消えず、請求権は保証会社に移り、全額を追及します。最終的に貸し手や保証会社は抵当権を実行し競売でき、売却代金と残高の差額（不足分）はなお残り得ます。\n返済が苦しいとき\n返済を落とす前に、早めに貸し手へ連絡します。貸し手は期間の調整・一時的な返済額の軽減・他の選択肢を検討できることがあり、沈黙より早い相談のほうがはるかに良い結果になります。困難が一時的か構造的かを見極め、家計全体と他の債務を見直し、独立した助言を受けましょう。住宅ローンの不足を高金利のカード・消費者ローンで穴埋めするのは避けます。通常は問題を解決せず深めます。\n押さえておきたい要点：遅延損害金が発生するが、より重要なのは信用情報の毀損。延滞が続くと期限の利益を喪失し、残高全額が一括請求され得る。保証会社が銀行へ代位弁済し、その後あなたに全額を請求し得る。競売に至り得、売却後の不足額はなお残る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/late-payments-default","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-late-payment","faq:loan-what-collateral","faq:loan-guarantee-erase-debt"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:credit-records-japan","guide:collateral-guarantee-companies","guide:debt-warning-signs"]},"sources":[{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","title":"指定信用情報機関 CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jicc-credit","publisher":"株式会社日本信用情報機構","title":"日本信用情報機構 JICC","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:credit-records-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:credit-records-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の信用情報と住宅ローン審査","plainText":"日本に単一の公的スコアはありません。銀行はCIC・JICCから情報を取り、これらは申込照会（CICで6か月）と契約・返済・延滞のデータを概ね契約期間中と終了後5年まで保有します。\nCIC・JICC、申込記録、延滞、本人開示、準備。\n単一の公的スコアはなく、銀行はCIC・JICCの記録に独自審査を加える。\nCICは申込照会を6か月、契約・支払い情報を終了後5年まで記録する。\n申込前に各機関へ自分の情報の開示を請求できる。\nローン前の数か月は繰り返しの申込や新規借入を避ける。\n信用情報の仕組み\n日本には、公的なFICOスコアに相当する単一の消費者スコアはありません。代わりに銀行は指定・業界の信用情報機関から情報を取り、独自の審査を適用します。CICは申込照会を6か月、契約・支払い情報を概ね契約期間中と終了後5年まで記録します。JICCも同様に契約・返済・延滞・債務整理などの保有期間を公表し、概ね契約期間中と終了後5年までです。消費者は各機関へ自分の情報の開示を請求できます。\n実務的な準備\nすべての口座を期日どおりに払いましょう。忘れていた一度の延滞も審査で表面化し得ます。ローン直前の繰り返しの申込は避けます。申込照会は記録され、多数が集中すると困窮のように見えます。適切な場合は不要なリボ債務を解約します。使っていないカードローンの枠も借入余力を減らすためです。問題が疑わしいなら3機関すべてを確認します。古い口座や本人情報の不一致は申込前に訂正できます。確定申告書や源泉徴収票を保管し、事前審査から決済までは転職や大きな新規借入を避けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：単一の公的スコアはなく、銀行はCIC・JICCの記録に独自審査を加える。CICは申込照会を6か月、契約・支払い情報を終了後5年まで記録する。申込前に各機関へ自分の情報の開示を請求できる。ローン前の数か月は繰り返しの申込や新規借入を避ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/credit-records-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-credit-record","faq:loan-multiple-applications","faq:loan-check-own-credit","faq:loan-serious-records-remain"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:borrowing-guide","guide:late-payments-default","guide:loan-application-checklist"]},"sources":[{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","title":"指定信用情報機関 CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jicc-credit","publisher":"株式会社日本信用情報機構","title":"日本信用情報機構 JICC","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:employment-mortgage-approval:ja","entityId":"guide:employment-mortgage-approval","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"雇用形態が住宅ローン審査に与える影響","plainText":"数年の安定した日本の課税所得がある永住・正社員が最も単純な案件です。契約・試用期間・直近転職・自営・会社経営の申込者は、より長い履歴が必要で正規化・低めの収入で評価され得ます。\n正社員・転職者・試用期間・契約社員・会社経営者・個人事業主。\n安定収入と勤続のある永住・正社員が最も単純な案件。\n直近の転職者や試用期間中は否決または個別審査になり得る。\n契約社員は、安定性と履歴が強ければ一部の銀行で通り得る。\n会社経営者や個人事業主は通常、複数年の決算や確定申告が必要。\n銀行が雇用をどう読むか\n銀行は収入が続く証拠を求めます。数年の安定した日本の課税所得がある永住・正社員が最も引受しやすい相手です。契約社員・試用期間中・直近の転職者・歩合中心の労働者は不確実性を持ち込みます。試用期間中やごく最近の入社を断る銀行もあれば、個別に審査する銀行もあり、安定性と履歴がより重視されます。会社経営者と個人事業主は事業の健全性で評価され、しばしば複数年の決算や確定申告が必要で、収入は保守的な数字に正規化されることがあります。\n何を出し、いつ申し込むか\n銀行は一般に源泉徴収票・課税証明書・在職確認・決算書・確定申告書を求めます。最近転職した場合、新しい勤務先で丸1年経つまで待つのを好む銀行もありますが、同分野での昇給を伴う転職なら説明できることもあります。どの立場でも、開示・承諾がない限り事前審査から決済までの転職は避けましょう。その段階での変化は承認を覆し得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：安定収入と勤続のある永住・正社員が最も単純な案件。直近の転職者や試用期間中は否決または個別審査になり得る。契約社員は、安定性と履歴が強ければ一部の銀行で通り得る。会社経営者や個人事業主は通常、複数年の決算や確定申告が必要。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/employment-mortgage-approval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-job-changer","faq:loan-probationary","faq:loan-contract-employee","faq:loan-sole-proprietor"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-income-documents","guide:preapproval-final-approval","guide:sole-proprietor-business-loans"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-income-documents:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-income-documents","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の住宅ローンに必要な収入書類","plainText":"会社員は通常、源泉徴収票と課税証明書を、自営は複数年の確定申告書を提出します。海外収入・賞与・法人決算にはそれぞれ書類と認定上の注意があります。\n源泉徴収票・課税証明書・確定申告・海外収入・賞与・法人決算。\n会社員：源泉徴収票と（自治体の）課税証明書。\n自営・会社経営：複数年の確定申告書または決算書。\n海外収入は認められ得るが、通貨・税・継続性・翻訳の問題で認定が減り得る。\n賞与は認められ得るが、不確実な賞与に返済能力を頼らない。\n書類チェックリスト\n会社員には、銀行は一般に年間の源泉徴収票、1年以上の課税証明書（または納税証明書）、在職証明・雇用契約・給与振込の証拠などの在職確認を求めます。個人事業主と会社経営者は、複数年の確定申告書と、法人なら決算書の提出を見込みます。原本を整理して保管しましょう。本審査は事前審査での申告とこれらを照合し、相違はファイルを頓挫させ得ます。\n海外収入・賞与・法人決算\n海外収入は認められることもありますが、為替リスク・外国税の扱い・継続性・翻訳書類の必要性により、銀行が認める額は減り得ます。賞与は数えられ得ますが、家計は不確実な賞与に返済能力を頼らないほうが安全で、基本給のみの家計が無難です。会社経営者では、銀行は表面的な役員報酬の先にある法人の決算を見ます。健全な会社から低い報酬を取る役員も、脆弱な会社から高い報酬を取る役員も、背後の事業で評価されます。迷う場合は、頼る前に各銀行がどの収入を認めるか正確に尋ねましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：会社員：源泉徴収票と（自治体の）課税証明書。自営・会社経営：複数年の確定申告書または決算書。海外収入は認められ得るが、通貨・税・継続性・翻訳の問題で認定が減り得る。賞与は認められ得るが、不確実な賞与に返済能力を頼らない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-income-documents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-income-documents","faq:loan-years-income-history","faq:loan-overseas-income","faq:loan-bonus-income"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:employment-mortgage-approval","guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:mortgage-document-checklist"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:variable-rate-mortgages:ja","entityId":"guide:variable-rate-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の変動金利住宅ローン","plainText":"変動金利は今は安いが、金利が定期的に見直され上昇はあなたが負担します。2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる、備えの厚い家計にのみ向きます。\n変動金利の仕組み・向く人・ストレステスト・返済ルールの落とし穴。\n金利は定期的（一般に半年ごと）に見直され、上昇は家計が負担。\n2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる場合のみ選ぶ。\n5年・125%ルールは変更を和らげるが金利上限や利息停止ではない。\n将来金利への油断と遅い元金減少が主な危険。\n変動金利の仕組み\n変動金利は、貸し手の基準金利に対し金利が定期的に（一般に半年ごとに再計算されて）見直されます。広告金利が低いのは、金利上昇のリスクを貸し手ではなくあなたが負うためです。一部のローンは5年ルール（返済額は5年ごとにのみ再計算）と125%ルール（見直し時の増加を125%までに制限）を適用します。これらはショックを和らげますが、金利に上限を設けず利息の発生も止めず、使わない貸し手もあります。\n向く人・向かない人・ストレステスト\n変動は、現金の備えが厚く上昇を吸収できる借り手（金利急騰時に繰上返済や耐久ができる人）に向きます。当初金利に返済能力が依存する家計には不向きです。当初金利でしか返済できないローンは、安全には負担できないローンだからです。変動を選ぶ前に、提示金利＋1・2・3%での返済額を試算し、ストレス下の住居費が手取りの堅実な割合に収まるか確認します。2026年に日本がゼロ金利期を脱したことを踏まえ、このストレステストは今や理論ではなく必須です。\n押さえておきたい要点：金利は定期的（一般に半年ごと）に見直され、上昇は家計が負担。2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる場合のみ選ぶ。5年・125%ルールは変更を和らげるが金利上限や利息停止ではない。将来金利への油断と遅い元金減少が主な危険。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/variable-rate-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-variable-risky","faq:loan-rate-rise","faq:loan-variable-change-frequency"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:five-year-125-percent-rule","guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-rate-mortgages:ja","entityId":"guide:fixed-rate-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の固定金利住宅ローン","plainText":"固定金利は全期間（フラット35など）または当初期間、金利を固定し、将来の返済確実性のために今は高くつきます。ただし取り除くのは金利リスクのみで、収入・物件・人生のリスクは残ります。\n全期間固定と固定期間選択、向く人、「固定」が何を消し何を消さないか。\n全期間固定（フラット35など）は全期間金利を固定。\n販促的な変動金利より今は高く、返済の確実性を買う。\n固定は金利リスクを取り除くが、収入・物件・インフレ・人生のリスクは残す。\n確実性を重視し大きな金利上昇を吸収できない借り手に最適。\n固定金利の仕組み\n固定金利は、全期間または当初期間、金利を固定します。全期間固定（代表はフラット35）は21〜35年（またはそれ以上）同じ金利を保つため、返済額は変わりません。代償として当初金利は販促的な変動金利より高くなります。将来の上昇リスクを取り除く代わりに今は多く払うのです。この確実性は、まさに金利上昇を楽に吸収できない家計にとって価値があります。\n固定が消すものと消さないもの\n固定は所定の金利リスクを取り除きますが「無リスク」ではありません。収入の喪失・物件価値の下落・インフレによる実質の目減り・病気や離婚などの人生の出来事は防げず、後に市場金利が下がっても、借換（それ自体に費用と健康審査がある）をしない限り高い固定金利を払い続けます。確実性と適格な物件のために固定を、金利上昇を本当に吸収できる強い申込者の場合のみ、低コストの変動や固定期間選択を選びましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：全期間固定（フラット35など）は全期間金利を固定。販促的な変動金利より今は高く、返済の確実性を買う。固定は金利リスクを取り除くが、収入・物件・インフレ・人生のリスクは残す。確実性を重視し大きな金利上昇を吸収できない借り手に最適。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/fixed-rate-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-fixed","faq:loan-fixed-risk-free","faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","guide:fixed-period-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jhf-flat35-rates","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 product and rate information","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aruhi-flat35","publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","title":"ARUHI Flat 35 rates and products","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-period-mortgages:ja","entityId":"guide:fixed-period-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"固定期間選択型住宅ローン","plainText":"固定期間選択型は当初2〜20年金利を固定し、その後は当時の金利と契約上の優遇で見直します。一時的な確実性を与えますが、その後に大きな見直しの可能性があります。\n固定期間選択型の仕組み・見直し時の扱い・大きな見直しのリスク。\n金利は当初期間（例：2・3・5・10・20年）固定され、その後見直される。\n10年固定選択型は35年全期間固定とは違う。\n見直し時は当時の金利と契約上の優遇が適用され、大幅に高くなり得る。\n全期間でなく一定期間の確実性がほしい借り手に向く。\n固定期間選択型の仕組み\n固定期間選択型は、当初期間（一般に2・3・5・10・20年）金利を固定し、その後見直します。純変動と全期間固定の間くらいの金利で一時的な確実性を与えます。重要なのは、10年固定選択型は35年全期間固定のフラット35ではないことです。固定期間の終了後、金利は当時の金利から契約に残る優遇を引いた水準に見直され、当初金利よりずっと高くなり得ます。\n見直しのリスク\n危険は大きな見直しです。借り手は低い当初固定金利をローンの恒久的な性格と見なし、見直しの到来に驚くことがあります。特に2026年の日本のように、その間に金利が上がっていた場合です。この構造を選ぶ前に、あり得る見直し金利での返済額を試算し、固定期間後に適用される優遇幅を確認し、家計が見直しを吸収できるか確かめましょう。長期保有より、確実性の期限が明確な借り手（例：固定期間内の売却や借換を計画）に向きます。\n押さえておきたい要点：金利は当初期間（例：2・3・5・10・20年）固定され、その後見直される。10年固定選択型は35年全期間固定とは違う。見直し時は当時の金利と契約上の優遇が適用され、大幅に高くなり得る。全期間でなく一定期間の確実性がほしい借り手に向く。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/fixed-period-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fixed-period","faq:loan-after-fixed-period"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:mixed-rate-mortgages","guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"resona-mortgage","publisher":"Resona Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mixed-rate-mortgages:ja","entityId":"guide:mixed-rate-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ミックス型住宅ローン","plainText":"ミックス型は借入を変動部分と固定部分に分け、一つの金利タイプへの集中を減らしますが、複雑さが増し最低総コストを保証しません。\n借入を変動と固定に分ける。何を減らし何を減らさないか。\nローンを変動部分と固定部分に分ける。\nどちらか一方の金利タイプへの集中を減らすが管理の複雑さが増す。\nミックスは最低総コストを保証しない。中間の道。\n二組の前提と二つの見直し挙動を管理する必要がある。\nミックスの仕組みと効果\nミックス型は借入を変動部分と固定部分に分けます（例：半々）。金利が上がれば変動の半分だけが影響を受け、金利が低いままなら変動の半分で恩恵を受けます。これはどちらか一方の金利タイプへの集中を減らし、心理的にも金銭的にも落ち着くと感じる借り手もいます。ただしミックスは最低総コストを保証しません。意図的な中間の道であり、金利が低いままなら純変動が、金利が急騰するなら純固定が安くなります。\n複雑さのコスト\n代償は管理の複雑さです。二組の前提（変動部分の見直し挙動と固定部分の期間）を抱え、繰上返済・借換・ストレステストは両方を考える必要があります。多くの借り手には、備えとリスク許容度に合わせた固定か変動かの明確な選択のほうが単純で監視しやすいです。特にヘッジを望み、数十年にわたり二つの構造を追うことに抵抗がない場合のみミックスを検討しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：ローンを変動部分と固定部分に分ける。どちらか一方の金利タイプへの集中を減らすが管理の複雑さが増す。ミックスは最低総コストを保証しない。中間の道。二組の前提と二つの見直し挙動を管理する必要がある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mixed-rate-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-mixed","faq:loan-mixing-reduce-risk"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:fixed-period-mortgages","guide:variable-rate-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35:ja","entityId":"guide:flat-35","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35完全ガイド","plainText":"フラット35は、住宅金融支援機構の下で提携金融機関を通じて提供される全期間固定の住宅ローンです。基準が明確で、永住を必ずしも求めず、物件が技術基準を満たす必要があります。\nフラット35とは何か・要件・金利・物件基準・優遇・向く人。\n全期間固定。2026年8月の標準的な市場金利は21〜35年で約3.29%。\n基準が明確で永住を必ずしも求めず、非永住者の一般的なルート。\n物件は所定の技術基準と適合証明を満たす必要がある。\n基準金利は各社で近いが、手数料や商品は異なる。\nフラット35とは\nフラット35は、住宅金融支援機構（JHF）の買取・保証の仕組みの下で、参加金融機関を通じて提供される全期間固定の住宅ローンです。直接の政府融資ではありませんが、通常の銀行ローンより基準が明確です。要件が公表・標準化され、永住を必ずしも求めないため、国籍・在留と物件の条件を満たす非永住の外国人買い手の一般的なルートです。2026年8月、標準的な市場実行金利は資格ポイント引下げ前で21〜35年約3.29%まで上昇し、7月の公表レンジはLTVと期間により概ね3.14〜5.40%でした。\n物件基準と優遇\n特徴的なのは、物件が所定の技術基準を満たし適合証明を通す必要があることです。フラット35は要件と技術基準を満たせば中古住宅も融資しますが、通常の賃貸投資物件は融資しません。短いフラット20や適格な長期のフラット50もあり、「フラット35」が常に35年とは限りません。優遇の枠組み（住宅性能のフラット35S、適格世帯のフラット35子育てプラス）は金利を下げますが、多くのポイント引下げは全期間ではなく所定の当初年数に適用されるため、各優遇がどれだけ続くか正確に読みましょう。\n最適な相手と比較の仕方\nフラット35は、全期間の返済確実性を望み適格な物件を持つ借り手、そしてその基準を満たせる非永住の買い手に向きます。販促的な変動金利より高い基準金利は、その確実性の代償です。基準金利は各社で近いため、異なる部分を比較します。事務手数料モデル、保証/鑑定費用、保険上乗せ（7月の公式表ではペア団信＋0.18%、三大疾病＋0.24%）、優遇ポイント、処理です。スーパーフラットの類型は、大きな頭金に対しより低い金利で報い得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/flat-35","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-flat35","faq:loan-flat35-government","faq:loan-flat35-always-35","faq:loan-flat35-used-home","faq:loan-flat35-investment"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35s","guide:flat-35-child-rearing-plus","guide:flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage","guide:flat-35-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jhf-flat35-rates","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 product and rate information","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35-tech","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 technical property standards","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/tech/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aruhi-flat35","publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","title":"ARUHI Flat 35 rates and products","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35s:ja","entityId":"guide:flat-35s","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35Sと住宅性能の金利引下げ","plainText":"フラット35Sは、省エネ・耐震・耐久・バリアフリーなどの高い基準を満たす住宅への金利引下げの枠組みです。ただし引下げは全期間でなく所定の当初年数に適用されます。\nフラット35Sが適格な住宅性能に対しどう金利を下げ、優遇がどれだけ続くか。\nフラット35Sは、適格な性能基準を満たす住宅のフラット35金利を引き下げる。\n引下げは所定の当初年数に適用され、その後は標準金利に戻る。\n性能区分は省エネ・耐震・耐久・バリアフリーなど。\n適格区分・引下げ幅・優遇期間を確認する。\nフラット35Sの仕組み\nフラット35Sは、省エネ・耐震・耐久可変・バリアフリーなどの区分で高い基準を満たす住宅に対し、フラット35に上乗せされる金利引下げの枠組みです。適格な住宅は所定の当初年数、フラット35金利からの引下げを得ます。正確な引下げ幅と割引年数はプランの区分と物件の認定性能によります。割引期間が終わると、残りの期間は標準のフラット35金利に戻ります。\n頼る前に確認すべきこと\n引下げは一時的なので、割引年数の間と後の両方で返済額を試算します。引下げ金利では手頃に見える住宅も、満額金利で手頃である必要があります。物件がどの性能区分で適格かを確認し、認定を取得し、引下げ幅と割引年数を提供者に確かめ、これらの枠組みは定期的に更新されるため古い数字でなく現行条件を確認しましょう。フラット35Sは省エネや耐震の強い住宅の初期費用を有意に下げ得ますが、恒久的な金利引下げではありません。\n押さえておきたい要点：フラット35Sは、適格な性能基準を満たす住宅のフラット35金利を引き下げる。引下げは所定の当初年数に適用され、その後は標準金利に戻る。性能区分は省エネ・耐震・耐久・バリアフリーなど。適格区分・引下げ幅・優遇期間を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/flat-35s","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-flat35s","faq:loan-flat35-discounts-permanent"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:flat-35-child-rearing-plus","guide:earthquake-standards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35s","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35S housing-performance rate reduction","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35s/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35-child-rearing-plus:ja","entityId":"guide:flat-35-child-rearing-plus","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35子育てプラス","plainText":"フラット35子育てプラスは、子育て世帯などの適格な世帯の金利を下げるポイント制の引下げで、所定の当初年数に適用され、他のフラット35ポイント引下げと合算されます。\n適格な世帯・住宅条件に連動したポイント制の金利引下げ。\n子育て世帯を含む適格な世帯へのポイント制の引下げ。\nポイントはフラット35Sや他の適格引下げと合算できる。\n引下げは全期間でなく所定の当初年数に適用。\n適格性・ポイント数・優遇期間を提供者に確認する。\nポイント制の仕組み\nフラット35子育てプラスは、適格な世帯・住宅条件に連動したポイント制で金利を下げ、子育て世帯が中心的な適格グループです。各適格条件がポイントを獲得し、そのポイントが当初年数の金利引下げに換算され、住宅性能のフラット35Sなど他のフラット35引下げと合算できます。世帯と住宅が満たす適格条件が多いほど、当初年数の合計引下げは大きくなります。\n確認すべきこと\nすべてのフラット35ポイント引下げと同様、引下げは所定の当初年数に適用され、その後は標準金利に戻るため、割引終了後の返済額を試算します。世帯の適格性・正確なポイント数・他の引下げとの合算方法・割引年数を確認し、これらの枠組みは定期的に改定されるため現行の制度条件を確かめましょう。引下げは歓迎すべき当初年数の節約であり、恒久的な低金利ではないと捉えます。\n押さえておきたい要点：子育て世帯を含む適格な世帯へのポイント制の引下げ。ポイントはフラット35Sや他の適格引下げと合算できる。引下げは全期間でなく所定の当初年数に適用。適格性・ポイント数・優遇期間を提供者に確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/flat-35-child-rearing-plus","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-flat35-child","faq:loan-flat35-discounts-permanent"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:flat-35s"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35-child","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35_reform/child.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pair-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:pair-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"夫婦のペアローン","plainText":"ペアローンは各パートナー1本ずつの2本の住宅ローンで、双方が住宅ローン控除を受けられ得ますが、契約・手数料・債務が2つになり、離婚・死亡・休職・収入減で重大な問題を生みます。\n二人が各々借りる仕組み、税と所有のメリット、離婚・死亡のリスク。\n2本の別々のローンと登記＝2組の手数料。\n双方が所有と債務に応じて住宅ローン控除を受け得る。\n離婚時、債務と名義は合法な移転・借換まで残る。夫婦の合意だけでは銀行は解放しない。\n一方が死亡しても、団信は原則その人のローンのみを消す（連生型でない限り）。\nペアローンの仕組み\nペアローンは、通常同じ物件について各パートナー1本ずつの2本の住宅ローンで、各人がローンに応じた持分を所有します。契約と抵当権登記が2つあるため、手数料も2組になりがちです。主な魅力は、各パートナーが自分の適格なローン残高・所有・税の状況で住宅ローン控除を受けられ得ること、そして合算の借入余力が単独より大きくなり得ることです。安定した二つのキャリアと、住まいへの長期的で一致した意図を持つ夫婦に向きます。\n離婚・死亡・収入減のリスク\nリスクは現実的です。離婚時、債務と名義は合法に移転されるかローンが借換されるまで残ります。夫婦間の合意だけでは銀行の請求権は解放されず、もう望まない住まいのローンに一方が責任を負い続け得ます。ペアローンの一方が死亡すると、団信は原則、連生型でない限り被保険者のローンのみを消し、双方を自動では消しません。生存者は自分のローンを負い続けます。育児休業や一方の収入減も、二つの満額収入を前提とした構造を圧迫します。税と借入余力の利点と天秤にかけてから決めましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：2本の別々のローンと登記＝2組の手数料。双方が所有と債務に応じて住宅ローン控除を受け得る。離婚時、債務と名義は合法な移転・借換まで残る。夫婦の合意だけでは銀行は解放しない。一方が死亡しても、団信は原則その人のローンのみを消す（連生型でない限り）。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/pair-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-pair-loan","faq:loan-pair-two-fees","faq:loan-pair-both-tax-relief","faq:loan-pair-divorce","faq:loan-pair-death"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:income-combination-mortgages","guide:pair-loan-vs-income-combination","guide:mortgage-life-insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:income-combination-mortgages:ja","entityId":"guide:income-combination-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"収入合算・連帯債務の住宅ローン","plainText":"収入合算は、1本の主ローンの下で第二の人の収入を数え審査所得を増やします。その人は保証人または連帯債務者となり、所有や保険の保護なしに責任を負い得ます。\n1本のローンで審査所得を増やす仕組みと、責任・保険の注意点。\n1本の主ローンで第二の人の収入を数え審査所得を増やす。\n収入を出す人は構造により保証人または連帯債務者になる。\n連帯債務者は債務全額の責任を負い得る。\n収入提供者は、所有や団信の保護なしに責任を負い得る。\n収入合算の仕組み\n収入合算は、第二の人（通常は配偶者）の収入を数えることで、1本の主ローンの審査所得を増やします。ペアローンの2本の別ローンと異なり、これは1本のローン構造です。取り決めにより、収入提供者は連帯保証人または連帯債務者になります。一部のフラット35は、各債務者が持分だけでなく債務全額の責任を負い得る連帯債務の仕組みを使います。\n責任と保険の注意点\n重要な注意点は、合算する人が所有持分や団信の保護に見合わない責任を負い得ることです。連帯保証人や連帯債務者は債務を追及され得ますが、比例した名義を持たないことがあり、団信は主債務者のみを対象とし得ます。主債務者が死亡すると、収入提供者はなお責任を負いながら保険金を受け取れないことがあります。より単純な単独ローンより収入合算を選ぶ前に、誰が何を所有し、誰が被保険者で、死亡・離婚・収入減で何が起きるかを確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：1本の主ローンで第二の人の収入を数え審査所得を増やす。収入を出す人は構造により保証人または連帯債務者になる。連帯債務者は債務全額の責任を負い得る。収入提供者は、所有や団信の保護なしに責任を負い得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/income-combination-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-combined-income","faq:loan-contributor-liable"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pair-loans","guide:pair-loan-vs-income-combination","guide:parent-child-relay-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:parent-child-relay-mortgages:ja","entityId":"guide:parent-child-relay-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"親子リレー住宅ローン","plainText":"親子リレーローンは返済期間を若い後継の借り手に一部基づかせて期間を延ばしますが、相続・居住・所有・保険・家族間の公平性のリスクを伴い、専門家の計画が必要です。\n世代をまたぐ返済計画と、相続・所有・家族間トラブルのリスク。\n返済期間を若い後継の借り手に一部基づかせ、より長い期間を可能にする。\n世代をまたぐ住まいと返済計画を支え得る。\n相続・居住・所有・保険・兄弟間の公平性の問題に計画が必要。\n決める前に名義・債務・保険について専門家の助言を受ける。\nリレーローンの仕組み\n親子リレー住宅ローンは、返済期間を若い後継の借り手（通常は子）に一部基づかせるため、親の年齢だけでは認められないより長い期間でローンを組めます。親が当初返済し子が引き継ぐことで、世代をまたぐ住宅購入や建て替えが実現し得ます。長寿命の資産を二世代の返済計画に合わせる一つの方法です。\n相続と家族のリスク\nこの構造は二世代の資金と相続を絡めるため、慎重な計画が必要です。誰がどの持分で物件を所有するか、誰が居住するか、親の死亡時に債務と名義がどう移るか、団信が適切な時に適切な人を対象とするか、そして見落とされがちな、ローンに入っていない兄弟間の公平性を考えましょう。リレーローンは相続計画の健全な一部になり得ますが、名義・債務・保険・兄弟の公平性には税理士、必要に応じて弁護士や司法書士の専門的助言が要ります。\n押さえておきたい要点：返済期間を若い後継の借り手に一部基づかせ、より長い期間を可能にする。世代をまたぐ住まいと返済計画を支え得る。相続・居住・所有・保険・兄弟間の公平性の問題に計画が必要。決める前に名義・債務・保険について専門家の助言を受ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/parent-child-relay-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-parent-child-relay","faq:loan-relay-inheritance"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:income-combination-mortgages","guide:property-inheritance-gifts","guide:reverse-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"moj-inheritance-registration","publisher":"Ministry of Justice","title":"Mandatory inheritance land registration","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-refinancing:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-refinancing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の住宅ローン借り換え","plainText":"借換は住宅ローンを（通常は別の銀行の）新しいものに置き換えます。割引現在価値での利息の節約が、新たな事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険の費用を上回るときだけ得になります。\n借換が得になる条件・費用の全体・健康審査・期間延長の落とし穴。\n金利差だけでなく、残りの利息の節約を新たな費用全体と比較する。\n新費用は事務手数料・抵当権抹消と設定登記・司法書士・鑑定を含む。\n借換は通常、新たな団信と健康審査を要する。\n期間の延長は、低金利でも総コストの増加を隠し得る。\n借換が得になるとき\n借換は、既存の住宅ローンを（多くは別の銀行の）新しいものに置き換えます。割引現在価値での利息の節約とリスク改善が、新たな費用のすべてを上回るときだけ意味があります。節約できる残りの利息を、新たな事務手数料・抵当権抹消と新設定の登記・司法書士費用・鑑定・保険の差・旧ローンの繰上償還手数料と比較します。大きく見える金利差も手数料で消え得、特に残り数年や残高が小さいローンではそうです。\n健康審査と期間延長\n借換は通常、新たな団信を要するため、あらためての健康審査を伴います。健康状態が悪いと標準の団信が制限され得ますが、引受基準の緩い商品が存在することもあります。永住権の取得は利用できる銀行を広げ得ますが、承認は決して保証されません。期間の延長に注意しましょう。ローンを再び延ばすと毎月の返済は下がり借換が魅力的に見えますが、実際は総利息を増やし得ます。残存期間を同条件で比較し、ローンの再延長で得た低い月返済はメリットでなくコストと捉えましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：金利差だけでなく、残りの利息の節約を新たな費用全体と比較する。新費用は事務手数料・抵当権抹消と設定登記・司法書士・鑑定を含む。借換は通常、新たな団信と健康審査を要する。期間の延長は、低金利でも総コストの増加を隠し得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-refinancing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-refinancing","faq:loan-refinancing-makes-sense","faq:loan-refinancing-health","faq:loan-extend-term-refinancing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","guide:mortgage-refinancing-tool","guide:refinancing-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:renovation-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:renovation-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"リフォームローン","plainText":"リフォームローンは修繕・改装・省エネ改良の資金です。抵当権付きや購入＋リフォーム一体型は無担保より安いですが、どんなリフォームも売却価値の上昇を保証しません。\n修繕・改良の資金、担保付きと無担保、過剰投資の落とし穴。\n購入＋リフォーム一体型は工事費を住宅ローンに含められる商品もある。\n無担保のリフォーム資金は通常、抵当権付きより高い。\nリフォームは常に価値を上げるわけではない。個性的・過剰な工事は回収できないことがある。\n図面・除外・保証・支払い計画を伴う、範囲に合った見積りを取る。\n担保付き・無担保・一体型\nリフォームローンは修繕・改装・省エネ改良の資金です。購入＋リフォーム一体型は工事費を住宅ローンそのものに含められ、物件を担保に長期で組めるため通常最も安い資金です。単独の無担保リフォームローンは手配が速い一方、金利が高く期間が短いため通常割高で、大きなプロジェクトより小規模・緊急の工事に向きます。\n過剰投資の落とし穴\nリフォームは常に価値を上げるわけではありません。必要な修繕や価値を保つ改良は住まいを守りますが、極めて個性的な仕上げや地域相場を超える工事（過剰投資）は売却で回収できないことがあります。決める前に、図面・明確な除外・保証・免許の確認・出来高に連動した支払い計画を伴う、範囲に合った見積りを取りましょう。これらのないリフォーム見積りは受けないこと。特に数年で売る可能性があるなら、工事費と、それが加える価値の現実的な見積りを比較しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：購入＋リフォーム一体型は工事費を住宅ローンに含められる商品もある。無担保のリフォーム資金は通常、抵当権付きより高い。リフォームは常に価値を上げるわけではない。個性的・過剰な工事は回収できないことがある。図面・除外・保証・支払い計画を伴う、範囲に合った見積りを取る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/renovation-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-renovation-loan","faq:loan-renovation-in-mortgage","faq:loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive","faq:loan-renovation-increase-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:renovation-costs-financing","guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:renovation-services"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"resona-mortgage","publisher":"Resona Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:second-home-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:second-home-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"セカンドハウスローン","plainText":"セカンドハウスローンは、本当の第二の住まいを、主たる住宅ローンより高い金利・頭金で融資します。賃貸投資への偽装に使ってはいけません。\n本当のセカンドハウスの資金と、賃貸投資に偽装してはならない理由。\n本当の第二の住まい用で、賃貸・投資物件用ではない。\n通常、主たる住宅ローンより高金利・頭金が多い。\n賃貸への偽装はローンや保険の条件に反し得る。\n申込前に、適格なセカンドハウスの貸し手の定義を確認する。\nセカンドハウスローンとは\nセカンドハウスローンは、本当に自分で使う第二の住まい（別荘や勤務地近くの平日の拠点など）を融資するもので、賃貸に出す物件ではありません。主たる住居ではなく貸し手のリスクも大きいため、居住用ローンより高い金利と多い頭金を見込み、適格なセカンドハウスの貸し手の具体的な定義を確認しましょう。想定より狭いことがあります。\n本当のセカンドハウスであること\n決定的なルールは、セカンドハウスローンは賃貸投資ローンではないということです。消費者向け価格のセカンドハウスローンを借りて物件を賃貸に出すと、ローン契約・火災保険の条件、場合により建築や用途地域の規則に反し、期限の利益喪失などの帰結にさらされ得ます。本当の狙いが家賃なら投資用物件ローンを使い、事業として採算を見ましょう。安い融資を得るために投資をセカンドハウスと偽ってはいけません。\n押さえておきたい要点：本当の第二の住まい用で、賃貸・投資物件用ではない。通常、主たる住宅ローンより高金利・頭金が多い。賃貸への偽装はローンや保険の条件に反し得る。申込前に、適格なセカンドハウスの貸し手の定義を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/second-home-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-flat35-second-home","faq:loan-residential-for-investment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:investment-property-loans","guide:home-vs-investment-property","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-property-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:investment-property-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産投資ローン","plainText":"不動産投資ローンは、収益用のマンションや戸建てを、事業審査の下で高い金利で融資し、通常はリコース（遡及）です。空室・金利上昇・出口を試算し、居住用ローンで代用しないこと。\n収益物件への事業審査と、居住の申告を正直にすべき理由。\n居住用より高い金利での事業審査。\n日本のローンは書面に別段の定めがない限り通常リコース。\n空室・赤字・金利上昇・売却難・出口を試算する。\n居住用ローンで賃貸を融資しない。居住の偽装は詐欺に近い。\n事業審査\n不動産投資ローンは、収益用のマンションや戸建てを融資し、消費者の居住用ローンより高い金利で事業として審査されます。投資ローンの金利は公表されず、見積りベース・物件ベースであることが多いです。重要なのは、日本のローンは書面に明示がない限り通常リコース（遡及）で、売却後の不足額が個人に及び得ることです。頼る前に、粗利回りではなくNOI・DSCR・空室・現実的な出口で採算を見ましょう。\n居住の申告は正直に\n最も重要な警告は、居住用ローンを安易に投資ローンに転換できないことです。転居・長期賃貸・民泊・自宅での事業は、ローン・保険・建築・用途地域・管理規約に反し得、居住の偽装は否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺の懸念・保険や税の帰結を招きます。家賃を得る計画なら最初から不動産投資ローンを使い、居住の申告を正確に保ちましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：居住用より高い金利での事業審査。日本のローンは書面に別段の定めがない限り通常リコース。空室・赤字・金利上昇・売却難・出口を試算する。居住用ローンで賃貸を融資しない。居住の偽装は詐欺に近い。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/investment-property-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-residential-for-investment","faq:loan-misstate-occupancy","faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:apartment-building-loans","guide:home-vs-investment-property","guide:property-investment-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"suruga-mortgage","publisher":"Suruga Bank","title":"Foreign-national home loan","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:apartment-building-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:apartment-building-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"アパート・マンション一棟ローン","plainText":"アパート・マンション一棟ローンは、賃貸の建物一棟を事業として融資し、一つの資産に集中させます。構造・入居者・規制のリスクは1戸購入をはるかに上回ります。\n一棟賃貸の融資と、集中・構造・入居者・規制のリスク。\n賃貸の建物一棟を集中した事業投資として融資する。\n構造修繕（屋根・外壁・エレベーター・配管）は大きく周期的。\n入居者・空室・規制のリスクは戸数に応じて大きくなる。\n戸別の粗利回りでなく建物全体のNOI・資本的支出・出口で採算を見る。\n一棟の賃貸事業\nアパート・マンション一棟ローンは、賃貸の建物一棟（土地と構造）を事業として融資します。区分マンション1戸に比べ、資産と立地の一つに全エクスポージャーを集中させるため、人口動態の変化・地元の雇用主の撤退・賃貸の供給過剰が全戸を同時に直撃します。利点は建物全体と管理を掌握できること、欠点は投資内での分散がないことです。\n構造・入居者・規制のリスク\n一棟は一棟分のコストを伴います。屋根・外壁・エレベーター・配管・防水は計画的に更新が必要で、その資本的工事は非常に大きくなり得ます。入居者の入替・空室・滞納は戸数に応じて大きくなり、建物は全戸で消防・避難・その他の規制に適合する必要があります。表面的な戸別粗利回りでなく、建物全体のNOI・現実的な資本的支出の積立・信頼できる出口（誰がどの利回りで何年後に建物を買うか）で採算を見ましょう。これは受動的な購入でなく事業です。\n押さえておきたい要点：賃貸の建物一棟を集中した事業投資として融資する。構造修繕（屋根・外壁・エレベーター・配管）は大きく周期的。入居者・空室・規制のリスクは戸数に応じて大きくなる。戸別の粗利回りでなく建物全体のNOI・資本的支出・出口で採算を見る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/apartment-building-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-apartment-loan","faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse","faq:loan-gross-yield"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:investment-property-loans","guide:property-investment-japan","guide:property-investment-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"suruga-mortgage","publisher":"Suruga Bank","title":"Foreign-national home loan","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"stat-housing-survey","publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","title":"Housing and Land Survey","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bridging-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:bridging-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産購入のつなぎ融資","plainText":"つなぎ融資は、長期の住宅ローンが実行される前の、土地・分割建築・時間差のための短期資金です。有用ですが高コストで、本融資が遅れると危険です。\n土地・分割建築・時間差のための短期資金と、その失敗リスク。\n住宅ローン実行前の土地購入や分割建築の支払いを賄う。\n通常の住宅ローンより短期・高コスト。\n土地＋建築や分割建築の買い手がよく使う。\n本融資が遅れる・不成立になると危険。\nつなぎ融資の仕組み\nつなぎ融資は、長期の住宅ローンが実行される前に到来する支払いを賄う短期資金です。家を建てるとき、完成した住まいが本融資の担保として存在するずっと前に、土地代を払い分割の建築代金を支払うことが多く、つなぎ融資がその隙間を埋めます。土地＋建築や分割建築の買い手がよく使い、本融資が実行されると返済されます。\n高コストと失敗リスク\nつなぎ融資は便利ですが、短期の高コストと現実的な失敗リスクを伴います。短期で専門的なため金利や手数料は住宅ローンより高く、計画全体が本融資の予定どおりの実行を前提とします。本融資が遅れると（完成物件が担保評価に通らない、状況が変わる、承認がずれ込むなど）、返済原資のない高コストのつなぎ融資を抱え得ます。つなぎに頼る前に本融資の条件と時期を確認し、遅延への備えを持ちましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：住宅ローン実行前の土地購入や分割建築の支払いを賄う。通常の住宅ローンより短期・高コスト。土地＋建築や分割建築の買い手がよく使う。本融資が遅れる・不成立になると危険。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/bridging-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-bridge","faq:loan-who-uses-bridge"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:buying-property-japan","guide:mortgages-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:reverse-mortgages:ja","entityId":"guide:reverse-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のリバースモーゲージ","plainText":"リバースモーゲージは、高齢の所有者が自宅の資産価値を担保に借り、返済を原則死亡または売却まで繰り延べます。ただし利息は積み上がり、価値下落のリスクがあり、相続人にほとんど資産が残らないことがあります。\n老後に自宅の資産価値を担保に借りる仕組みと、利息・価値・相続人のリスク。\n自宅に住み続けながら現金を得たい高齢の所有者向け。\n返済は原則、死亡または売却まで繰り延べられる。\n利息は時間とともに積み上がり残る資産を目減りさせ得る。\n遡及・評価・相続人の扱いは商品や自治体で異なる。\nリバースモーゲージの仕組み\nリバースモーゲージは、高齢の所有者が自宅の資産価値を担保に借り、通常は一時金または定期的な支払いを受け取りながら住み続け、返済は原則、死亡または物件の売却まで繰り延べられます。転居せずに老後のキャッシュフローを得られます。仕組みは商品ごとに、また一部の制度では参加する自治体や保証構造によって大きく異なるため、一般的な概念よりも細部が重要です。\n利息・価値・相続人\n三つのリスクが際立ちます。第一に、利息が時間とともに積み上がるため、新たに借りなくても債務は増え、残る資産を目減りさせ枯渇させ得ます。第二に、物件価値が下がると資産の緩衝が縮みます。債務が住宅の価値を超え得るかは商品で扱いが異なるため、遡及・評価・相続人の選択肢を丁寧に確認しましょう。第三に、積み上がった債務は住宅から清算されるため、相続人にほとんど資産が残らないことがあります。リバースモーゲージは自分の老後のキャッシュフローを優先する所有者に向き得ますが、家族は事前に相続への影響を理解すべきです。\n押さえておきたい要点：自宅に住み続けながら現金を得たい高齢の所有者向け。返済は原則、死亡または売却まで繰り延べられる。利息は時間とともに積み上がり残る資産を目減りさせ得る。遡及・評価・相続人の扱いは商品や自治体で異なる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/reverse-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-reverse-mortgage","faq:loan-reverse-exceed-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-secured-loans","guide:parent-child-relay-mortgages","guide:property-inheritance-gifts"]},"sources":[{"id":"resona-mortgage","publisher":"Resona Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-secured-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:property-secured-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産担保ローン","plainText":"不動産担保ローンは、事業・相続・税・流動性など広い目的のための、不動産を担保にしたローンです。金利は下がりますが、住宅以外の支出のために住まいを危険にさらします。\n不動産を担保に広い目的で借りる仕組みと、支出リスクを住まい喪失リスクに変える理由。\n不動産への抵当権登記を担保にした、広い目的のローン。\n住まいが担保となるため無担保より低金利。\n支出や事業のリスクを、住まいを失うリスクに変える。\n通常の消費支出のために自宅を担保にするのは概ね勧められない。\n不動産担保ローンとは\n不動産担保ローンは、住まいの購入そのものより広い目的（事業資金・相続や税の負担・一般的な流動性）のための、所有する不動産への抵当権登記を担保にしたローンです。物件が債務を担保するため、無担保のカード・消費者信用より金利は低く期間は長くなり、大きく本当に必要な用途には魅力的になり得ます。\n受け入れるリスク\nトレードオフは厳しいものです。不動産担保ローンは、支出や事業のリスクを住まい喪失のリスクに変えます。目的が失敗すれば（事業がうまくいかない、生産的な資産でなく消費に充てる）、家族の住まいを執行で失い得ます。通常の消費支出のために自宅を担保にするのは概ね勧められません。この構造は、代替がより悪い、本当に必要でよく理解された用途に限り、金額を物件価値に対し保守的に保ち、住まいを差し入れる前に独立した助言を受けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：不動産への抵当権登記を担保にした、広い目的のローン。住まいが担保となるため無担保より低金利。支出や事業のリスクを、住まいを失うリスクに変える。通常の消費支出のために自宅を担保にするのは概ね勧められない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-secured-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-secured-property-loan","faq:loan-secure-consumer-spending"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:reverse-mortgages","guide:secured-vs-unsecured","guide:consumer-loans"]},"sources":[{"id":"suruga-mortgage","publisher":"Suruga Bank","title":"Foreign-national home loan","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:online-vs-traditional-mortgages:ja","entityId":"guide:online-vs-traditional-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ネット銀行と従来型銀行の住宅ローン","plainText":"ネット銀行は書類が整った標準的な案件に向き、低い広告金利とデジタル手続きが特徴。従来型の店舗銀行は複雑な収入・物件・言語のニーズに向き得ます。\n金利・手続き・例外対応・店舗・書類・言語を比較。\nネット：低い広告金利・デジタル申込・標準化された書類。\n従来型：店舗の助言・例外対応・地域の関係。\nネット金利は変動的。申込日と実行日にページを保存する。\n複雑な収入や物件は人による審査が必要になりがち。\n中核のトレードオフ\nネット銀行（au Jibun Bank、住信SBIネット銀行、PayPay銀行、ソニー銀行、楽天銀行）は低金利と、標準化された書類での完全デジタル申込を掲げ、収入と物件が一般的で書類が整っている場合に理想的です。従来型の店舗銀行（メガバンク、地方銀行）は対面の助言・例外対応の余地・地域の関係を提供し、複雑な収入・特殊な物件・全過程を対面で説明してほしい場合に効いてきます。\n判断の仕方\n雇用が安定した給与所得で、物件が標準的で、日本語でのオンライン申込に抵抗がないなら、ネット銀行の低金利は魅力的です。ただしネット金利は変わり得るため、申込日と実行日に金利ページを保存しましょう。収入が自営や海外、物件が借地や特殊、英語対応や対面の案内が必要なら、店舗銀行や専門の貸し手が、やや高い金利でも価値があり得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：ネット：低い広告金利・デジタル申込・標準化された書類。従来型：店舗の助言・例外対応・地域の関係。ネット金利は変動的。申込日と実行日にページを保存する。複雑な収入や物件は人による審査が必要になりがち。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/online-vs-traditional-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:online-mortgage-lenders","guide:major-bank-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"sumishin-mortgage","publisher":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank","title":"WEB-course housing loan","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/contents/lineup/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage:ja","entityId":"guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"固定と変動の住宅ローン","plainText":"2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる家計のみ変動を選び、確実性を求め上昇を吸収できないなら固定を選びます。\n当初返済・ストレスシナリオ・確実性・損益分岐・リスクを比較。\n変動は当初金利が低いが上昇は借り手が負担。\n固定は当初金利が高いが所定の金利リスクは貸し手が負担。\n変動を選ぶ前に＋1・＋2・＋3%でストレステスト。\n損益分岐は金利がどれだけ速く上がるか次第。\n中核のトレードオフ\n変動は低く始まるため当初返済は小さいものの、上昇のリスクを負います。2026年に日本はゼロ金利期を脱しました。固定（フラット35を含む）は高く始まり、所定の金利リスクを貸し手が負うため確実性を買います。正しい選択は金利予測ではなく、外れたときに家計が上昇を吸収できるかどうかです。\n判断ルール\n提示金利＋1・＋2・＋3%で返済額を試算します。＋2〜＋3%のストレスを売らずに耐えられ（ストレス下の住居費が手取りの堅実な割合に収まる）なら、変動は理にかない、低コストが勝ち得ます。耐えられないなら固定を選び、高い金利は安眠の対価と捉えます。単一収入の家計・きつい予算・下落局面で早く売れない人にとって、確実性には実質的な価値があります。\n押さえておきたい要点：変動は当初金利が低いが上昇は借り手が負担。固定は当初金利が高いが所定の金利リスクは貸し手が負担。変動を選ぶ前に＋1・＋2・＋3%でストレステスト。損益分岐は金利がどれだけ速く上がるか次第。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","faq:loan-variable-risky","faq:loan-fixed-risk-free"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:variable-rate-mortgages","guide:fixed-rate-mortgages","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage:ja","entityId":"guide:flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35と銀行ローン","plainText":"全期間の確実性と適格な物件ならフラット35、強い申込者で当初コストの低さと手厚い保険なら銀行ローンを選びます。\n金利構造・物件基準・保険・手数料・柔軟性を比較。\nフラット35：全期間固定・公表された返済比率と物件基準・永住を必ずしも要しない。\n銀行ローン：より低い変動/固定期間金利と手厚い保険の可能性。\nフラット35は物件の技術基準が必要。銀行ローンはより柔軟なことがある。\nフラット35は基準金利が同じでも提供者の手数料を比較する。\n中核のトレードオフ\nフラット35は、公表された返済負担率と物件基準を伴う全期間固定の確実性を提供し、永住を必ずしも求めません。非永住の買い手や予測可能な返済を重視する人には実質的な利点です。銀行ローンはより低い当初の変動・固定期間金利や手厚い団信特約を出し得ますが、貸し手の裁量で価格・審査し、変動を選べば金利リスクをあなたに移します。\n判断の仕方\n確実性がほしい、物件が技術基準を満たす、永住がなく基準の明確なルートが必要なら、フラット35を選びます。金利リスクを吸収できる強い申込者で、最低の当初コストや特定の保険特約を望むなら、銀行ローンを選びます。いずれにせよ、実際に異なる部分（事務手数料モデル・保証と鑑定費用・保険上乗せ・優遇期間）を比較しましょう。フラット35は基準金利が各社で近い一方、手数料は異なるためです。\n押さえておきたい要点：フラット35：全期間固定・公表された返済比率と物件基準・永住を必ずしも要しない。銀行ローン：より低い変動/固定期間金利と手厚い保険の可能性。フラット35は物件の技術基準が必要。銀行ローンはより柔軟なことがある。フラット35は基準金利が同じでも提供者の手数料を比較する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-flat35","faq:loan-flat35-government","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:mortgages-japan","guide:flat-35-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"aruhi-flat35","publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","title":"ARUHI Flat 35 rates and products","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pair-loan-vs-income-combination:ja","entityId":"guide:pair-loan-vs-income-combination","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ペアローンと収入合算","plainText":"ペアローンは安定した二つのキャリアと一致した所有に向き双方が控除を受け得ます。収入合算は1本で単純ですが責任と保険の確認が必要です。\n契約・手数料・所有・控除・保険・離婚/死亡リスクを比較。\nペアローン：2本の別ローン・所有・控除の可能性＝2組の手数料。\n収入合算：通常は合算収入の1本の主ローン。\nペアローンは安定した二つのキャリア向け、収入合算はより単純。\nどちらも責任・保険・離婚/死亡の帰結の確認が必要。\n中核のトレードオフ\nペアローンは各パートナー1本ずつの2本のローンで、所有が分かれ双方が住宅ローン控除を受け得ますが、2本の契約は2組の手数料を意味します。収入合算は通常、第二の人の収入を数えて審査所得を増やす1本の主ローンで、設定は単純で安い一方、収入提供者は所有や保険の保護に見合わない責任を負う保証人や連帯債務者になり得ます。\n判断の仕方\nペアローンは、住まいへの長期で一致した意図を持ち、各パートナーが控除を受けたい、安定した二つのキャリアに向きます。収入合算は、1本の契約と低い設定費用を望み、提供者が責任を負うことを受け入れる家計に向きます。いずれも、離婚時（債務と名義は移転や借換まで残る）、死亡時（団信は通常被保険者のローンのみを消す）、育休や収入減の際に何が起きるかを丁寧に確認しましょう。二つの収入が実際どれほど安定かに構造を合わせます。\n押さえておきたい要点：ペアローン：2本の別ローン・所有・控除の可能性＝2組の手数料。収入合算：通常は合算収入の1本の主ローン。ペアローンは安定した二つのキャリア向け、収入合算はより単純。どちらも責任・保険・離婚/死亡の帰結の確認が必要。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/pair-loan-vs-income-combination","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-pair-loan","faq:loan-pair-divorce","faq:loan-what-combined-income","faq:loan-contributor-liable"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pair-loans","guide:income-combination-mortgages","guide:mortgage-life-insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:new-vs-used-property:ja","entityId":"guide:new-vs-used-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の新築と中古","plainText":"検査と管理が良好で価格が築年を反映するなら中古、デベロッパープレミアムと将来の積立リスクを受け入れ最新基準と保証を得るなら新築が有利です。\n価格・保証・状態・修繕・積立金・売却を比較。\n新築：最新基準・保証・当面の修繕少。ただしデベロッパープレミアムと初期積立が小さい。\n中古：低価格・観察可能な履歴。ただし大規模修繕と積立/滞納のリスク。\n中古は建物と会計が既知で、よく検査すれば利点になる。\nどちらも耐震基準・積立の状況・管理を確認する。\n中核のトレードオフ\n新築マンションは最新基準・保証・当面の修繕の少なさを提供しますが、デベロッパープレミアム・小さな初期修繕積立・将来の積立増の可能性・浅い管理の履歴を伴います。中古マンションは、既知の建物と近隣・低価格・確認できる過去の会計を提供する一方、近い時期の大規模修繕・積立不足の可能性・滞納・老朽化した設備や配管という代償があります。\n判断の仕方\n良い検査で状態が健全で、管理が有能で、積立が十分で、価格が築年を反映しているなら中古が有利です。最新基準と保証を重視し、プレミアムを払い積立の増加を受け入れられるなら新築が有利です。どちらも、耐震基準・維持履歴・積立の状況・適法性・瑕疵・災害リスク・売却の流動性を評価しましょう。古い＝悪い、新しい＝安全とは自動的には言えません。\n押さえておきたい要点：新築：最新基準・保証・当面の修繕少。ただしデベロッパープレミアムと初期積立が小さい。中古：低価格・観察可能な履歴。ただし大規模修繕と積立/滞納のリスク。中古は建物と会計が既知で、よく検査すれば利点になる。どちらも耐震基準・積立の状況・管理を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/new-vs-used-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-inspection-guarantee"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:earthquake-standards","guide:condo-repair-reserve"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-inspection","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Existing-home condition inspection framework","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-repair-plan","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Condominium long-term repair plan guidance","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:house-vs-condominium:ja","entityId":"guide:house-vs-condominium","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の一戸建てとマンション","plainText":"土地所有・自由度・自己管理の資本工事なら一戸建て、管理組合の財務が健全なら利便性と中心立地でマンションを選びます。\n土地・自由度・維持・毎月の費用・立地・売却を比較。\n一戸建て：土地所有・自由度・プライバシー・建て替えの柔軟性。\nマンション：共有の維持・防犯・中心立地。\n一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・構造・排水の修繕を自己資金で。\nマンション所有者は管理費・積立金を払い管理規約の下で暮らす。\n中核のトレードオフ\n一戸建ては土地所有・自由度・プライバシー・建て替えの柔軟性を与えますが、屋根・外装・構造・排水・シロアリ・境界の費用をすべて直接負担します。マンションは共有の維持・防犯・多くはより中心的な立地を与えますが、毎月の管理費と修繕積立金を払い、組合の決定と使用制限の下で暮らし、完全には制御できない共同修繕のリスクに直面します。\n判断の仕方\n自由度を重視し、数十年にわたり資本工事を自己管理・自己資金で行う覚悟があるなら一戸建てを選びます。自由には責任と塊で来る費用が伴います。利便性と立地ならマンションですが、組合の財務（積立残高・積立方法・滞納・長期修繕計画・管理の質）を確認してからにしましょう。積立不足を隠す安い月費用は、将来の一時金であり節約ではありません。\n押さえておきたい要点：一戸建て：土地所有・自由度・プライバシー・建て替えの柔軟性。マンション：共有の維持・防犯・中心立地。一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・構造・排水の修繕を自己資金で。マンション所有者は管理費・積立金を払い管理規約の下で暮らす。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/house-vs-condominium","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-fees","faq:loan-condo-check"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:house-maintenance-costs","guide:condo-repair-reserve"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-repair-plan","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Condominium long-term repair plan guidance","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:freehold-vs-leasehold:ja","entityId":"guide:freehold-vs-leasehold","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"所有権と借地権","plainText":"所有権は高価格で永続的な所有を与え、借地権は取得価格を下げる一方、地代・承諾・融資と売却の制約を加えます。\n所有期間・地代・承諾・更新・融資・売却を比較。\n所有権：法と税に服する永続的な所有、取得価格は高い。\n借地権：低い取得価格だが地代と、更新・建替・譲渡の承諾。\n借地権は融資と売却を制約し、定期借地の残存短縮は価値を損なう。\n旧法借地と定期借地は大きく異なる。専門家の確認を。\n中核のトレードオフ\n所有権は、法と税に服する永続的な所有で、取得価格は高いものの、一般的で融資も売却も容易な形です。借地権は他人が所有する土地を使う権利で、取得価格を（時に大幅に）下げ得ますが、地代を払い、更新・建替・譲渡に通常は地主の承諾が必要で、融資と売却を制約します。旧法借地は強い借地人保護を持ち得ますが評価が複雑で、定期借地は定めた期間で終わり残存期間が短くなるほど価値を失います。\n判断の仕方\n融資と売却の容易さを望む多くの買い手には所有権が既定です。借地権は、望ましい立地での低い取得価格として意味を持ち得ますが、地代・承諾条件・残存期間、そして貸し手が融資し将来の買い手が望むかを専門家が確認してからにしましょう。その確認なしに借地権を買わないこと。リスクは掲載価格でなく、借地契約の細部にあります。\n押さえておきたい要点：所有権：法と税に服する永続的な所有、取得価格は高い。借地権：低い取得価格だが地代と、更新・建替・譲渡の承諾。借地権は融資と売却を制約し、定期借地の残存短縮は価値を損なう。旧法借地と定期借地は大きく異なる。専門家の確認を。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/freehold-vs-leasehold","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-freehold","faq:loan-what-leasehold","faq:loan-leasehold-bad","faq:loan-fixed-term-leasehold"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-land-rights","guide:leasehold-property","guide:non-rebuildable-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:tokyo-vs-regional-property:ja","entityId":"guide:tokyo-vs-regional-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"東京と地方都市の不動産","plainText":"東京は雇用・賃貸市場が厚いが取得価格が高く利回りは薄め。地方都市は高利回り・低取得価格だが売却が薄く人口動態リスク。都市名でなく地域の需要で採算を見ます。\n取得価格・流動性・雇用・賃料・人口動態・利回りを比較。\n東京：厚い雇用・賃貸市場、高い取得価格、低い粗利回り。\n地方都市：高利回り・低取得価格、薄い売却と人口動態リスク。\n地方の高い粗利回りはしばしば空室と出口リスクとの引き換え。\n都市名でなく目標賃料での地域需要で採算を見る。\n中核のトレードオフ\n東京（ある程度は大阪）は厚い雇用・賃貸市場と概ね流動的な売却を提供しますが、取得価格が高く粗利回りは低めです。地方都市は低い取得価格と高い粗利回りを提供しますが、売却の厚みが薄く、多くの地域で人口が高齢化・減少する人口動態リスクがあります。2026年の地価調査は5年連続の平均上昇を示し、東京・大阪で拡大、他地域はまちまちでした。これは全国平均であり、すべての住宅が値上がりする約束ではありません。\n判断の仕方\n都市名で決めないこと。具体的な地域需要で採算を見ます。入居者や将来の買い手は誰か、目標賃料での需要はどれほど厚いか、貸し手が売却時に融資するか。地方の高い粗利回りはしばしば、まさに空室と出口リスクが高いから存在し、東京の低い利回りも空室と流動性を数えればなお勝ち得ます。立地を戦略（キャッシュフローか流動性か）に合わせ、国交省ライブラリの取引事例で需要を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：東京：厚い雇用・賃貸市場、高い取得価格、低い粗利回り。地方都市：高利回り・低取得価格、薄い売却と人口動態リスク。地方の高い粗利回りはしばしば空室と出口リスクとの引き換え。都市名でなく目標賃料での地域需要で採算を見る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/tokyo-vs-regional-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-tokyo-liquid","faq:loan-regional-yields","faq:loan-good-investment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:property-resale-value","guide:property-investment-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-land-survey","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Official land-price survey","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_fr4_000043.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:home-vs-investment-property:ja","entityId":"guide:home-vs-investment-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"自宅用と投資用","plainText":"自宅用は消費者向け金利と税の枠組みを使い本当の住まいである必要があります。投資用は高金利の事業審査を使います。投資を自宅用と偽ってはいけません。\n融資・金利・税・居住・キャッシュフロー・禁止される用途を比較。\n自宅用：消費者向け金利・住宅ローン控除・本当の住まいであること。\n投資用：高金利・事業審査・不動産所得の税の枠組み。\n安い金利のために投資を自宅用と偽らない。\n居住の偽装は否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺と保険の帰結を招く。\n二つの異なる商品\nこれらは同じものを買う二つの方法ではなく、規則の異なる別々の商品です。居住用ローンは消費者向け金利と住宅ローン控除へのアクセスを持ちますが、実際に住む本当の住まいである必要があります。不動産投資ローンは高い金利と事業審査を持ち、家賃収入は不動産所得の枠組みで課税されます。安い居住用の条件は、まさにその物件があなたの住まいだから存在します。\n譲れないルール\n判断ルールは単純かつ厳格です。投資を自宅用と偽らないこと。居住用ローンで買って転居し、長期賃貸・民泊・自宅での事業を貸し手の許可なく行えば、ローン・保険・建築・用途地域・管理規約に反し得、居住の偽装は否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺の懸念・保険や税の帰結を招きます。家賃を得る計画なら、最初から投資ローンを使い事業として採算を見ましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：自宅用：消費者向け金利・住宅ローン控除・本当の住まいであること。投資用：高金利・事業審査・不動産所得の税の枠組み。安い金利のために投資を自宅用と偽らない。居住の偽装は否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺と保険の帰結を招く。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/home-vs-investment-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-residential-for-investment","faq:loan-misstate-occupancy"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:investment-property-loans","guide:property-investment-japan","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-mortgage-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Housing-loan tax deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage:ja","entityId":"guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"永住者と非永住者の住宅ローン","plainText":"永住は主流の金融機関を通常条件で広く開きます。永住がないと、専門・勤務先・関係の狭いルート、多い頭金、強い書類が必要ですが、不可能ではありません。\n対応行・頭金・言語・配偶者・雇用主・書類を比較。\n永住：通常条件で主流の金融機関に広くアクセス。\n非永住：専門・勤務先・関係のルート、多くは狭く割高。\n非永住は多い頭金と強い収入/雇用主/言語の証拠が必要になり得る。\nプレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガ銀行は非永住支援を公表。\n中核の違い\n永住者は国籍要件では日本人申込者とほぼ同様に扱われることが多く、永住は主流の銀行を通常条件で広く開きます（言語・書類の要件は残ります）。永住がないと、対応行は専門・勤務先提携・関係のルートに狭まり、価格や条件はより選択的で、多い頭金と強い収入・雇用主・日本語・長期在留の証拠が必要になり得ます。日本人配偶者や保証人のいる非永住者は、いない人より多くの銀行で検討され得ます。\n判断の仕方\n非永住＝不可能と決めつけないこと。実務的な非永住の順序は、勤務先やデベロッパーの提携銀行→プレスティア（英語対応・最大5億円・保証料なし）→東京スター銀行（永住のない外国人向けスターモーゲージ）→スルガ銀行（日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローン）→地方・関係銀行→適格ならフラット35→専門金融です。非永住のプレミアムを、永住を待つコストと不確実性と比べましょう。永住を待って後で借換が安いこともあれば、そうでないこともあります。\n押さえておきたい要点：永住：通常条件で主流の金融機関に広くアクセス。非永住：専門・勤務先・関係のルート、多くは狭く割高。非永住は多い頭金と強い収入/雇用主/言語の証拠が必要になり得る。プレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガ銀行は非永住支援を公表。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-pr-mandatory","faq:loan-pr-still-helpful","faq:loan-japanese-spouse"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:foreigner-mortgage-checker"]},"sources":[{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"tokyostar-mortgage","publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","title":"Star Mortgage housing loan","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"suruga-mortgage","publisher":"Suruga Bank","title":"Foreign-national home loan","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:refinance-vs-keep-mortgage:ja","entityId":"guide:refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"借り換えか現状維持か","plainText":"割引現在価値での利息の節約が、新たな費用（事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険）をすべて上回り、新たな健康審査に通る場合のみ借り換えます。\n利息の節約・新たな手数料・健康審査・残存期間を比較。\n借換：新しい金利・新しい保険・場合により新しい期間。\n維持：新たな手数料と再審査を避ける。\n借換は通常、新たな団信と健康審査が必要。\n新しい長い期間は返済を下げるが総利息を増やし得る。\n中核のトレードオフ\n借換はローンを新しい金利と新しい団信の新ローンに置き換え、利息を節約し得る一方、新たな事務手数料・抵当権抹消と設定登記・司法書士費用・鑑定・保険の差を招きます。現状維持はそれらの費用と新たな審査を避けますが、既存の金利のままです。問題は、現在価値での節約が乗り換えの総コストを上回るかどうかです。\n判断ルール\n割引現在価値での節約とリスク改善が、新たな費用のすべてを明確に上回るときだけ借り換えます。通常は、意味のある金利低下・相当の残高・節約が積み上がる十分な残存期間を意味します。新たな保険の健康審査に通るか確認し、新しい長い期間が総コストの増加を低い月返済に見せかけることを許さないこと。残高が小さいか期間が短いなら、現状維持が正解であることが多いです。\n押さえておきたい要点：借換：新しい金利・新しい保険・場合により新しい期間。維持：新たな手数料と再審査を避ける。借換は通常、新たな団信と健康審査が必要。新しい長い期間は返済を下げるが総利息を増やし得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-refinancing-makes-sense","faq:loan-refinancing-health","faq:loan-extend-term-refinancing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-refinancing","guide:mortgage-refinancing-tool","guide:refinancing-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:down-payment-comparison:ja","entityId":"guide:down-payment-comparison","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"頭金は少なめか多めか","plainText":"多い頭金はLTVを下げ金利を良くし担保割れリスクを減らします。少ない頭金は流動性を残しますがレバレッジを上げます。どちらでも6〜10%の諸費用と緊急資金の現金は残しましょう。\n流動性・LTV別金利・担保割れ・緊急資金を比較。\n多い頭金はLTVを下げ金利を良くしがち。\n少ない頭金は流動性を残すがレバレッジと担保割れリスクを上げる。\n多くの銀行はLTV80%以下で条件が良い。\nどちらでも6〜10%の諸費用と緊急資金の現金を残す。\n中核のトレードオフ\n多い頭金はLTVを下げ、多くの銀行はそれをより良い金利で報い（80%超で上乗せする銀行もある）、価値が下がったときの担保割れリスクを減らします。少ない頭金は流動性（投資・緊急・機会のために残す現金）を保ちますが、レバレッジと、住まいの価値を超えて負う可能性を上げます。フルローンや100%超融資はこのリスクを極端に押し進めます。\n判断の仕方\n多い頭金の良い条件と安全性を、現金を残す価値と比較します。どちらを選んでも、貯金をすべて頭金に使わないこと。6〜10%の諸費用と、別枠の緊急・修繕の備えを残します。よくある堅実な方法は、有利なLTV帯に届く頭金を入れつつ、数か月分の生活費＋物件固有の修繕積立を残すことです。現金を投資に残すためにすべてを借りるのは、価格下落に本当に耐えられる場合のみ賢明です。\n押さえておきたい要点：多い頭金はLTVを下げ金利を良くしがち。少ない頭金は流動性を残すがレバレッジと担保割れリスクを上げる。多くの銀行はLTV80%以下で条件が良い。どちらでも6〜10%の諸費用と緊急資金の現金を残す。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/down-payment-comparison","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-how-much-down","faq:loan-zero-down-safe","faq:loan-all-savings-down"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:loan-to-value-down-payment","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:property-budget"]},"sources":[{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-term-comparison:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-term-comparison","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"35年・40年・50年ローン","plainText":"長い期間は毎月の返済を下げますが総利息を増やし、期間上乗せと年齢制限が付き得、資産形成が遅くなります。より大きな家のためでなく、本当の返済のために期間を延ばしましょう。\n返済額・総利息・年齢制限・期間上乗せ・資産形成を比較。\n長い期間は毎月を下げるが総利息を増やす。\n35年超は金利上乗せが付き得る（例：au Jibun ＋0.10%）。\n年齢制限がある。完済は所定年齢（例：80歳）前が通常。\n長い期間は資産形成を遅くする。\n中核のトレードオフ\nいくつかの銀行は、年齢・物件・引受の条件付きで最長50年の期間を認めます。au Jibun Bankは1〜50年、住信SBIネット銀行は新規借入で最長50年を公表しています。長い期間は毎月の返済を下げ購入を手頃に感じさせますが、総利息を大きく増やし、金利上乗せ（au Jibunは35年超で0.10%、PayPay銀行の長期上乗せは後の実行で上がる）が付き得、年齢制限（完済は80歳など所定年齢前が通常）を伴い、資産形成の速度を遅くします。\n判断の仕方\n長い期間は、本当に手が届く以上に高い家へ背伸びするためでなく、真の返済しやすさとキャッシュフローの柔軟性のために使いましょう。追加の数十年の利息は実質的なコストで、想定される稼働所得を大きく超えて続くローンは危険信号です。35年の返済を楽に負担できるなら、通常それが総利息を最小化します。40年や50年は、上乗せと遅い資産形成を理解して意図的に選び、収入が許せば後で繰上返済を検討しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：長い期間は毎月を下げるが総利息を増やす。35年超は金利上乗せが付き得る（例：au Jibun ＋0.10%）。年齢制限がある。完済は所定年齢（例：80歳）前が通常。長い期間は資産形成を遅くする。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-term-comparison","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-amortization"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-amortization","guide:50-year-mortgages","guide:debt-to-income-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"sumishin-mortgage","publisher":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank","title":"WEB-course housing loan","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/contents/lineup/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-mortgage","publisher":"PayPay Bank","title":"PayPay Bank mortgage","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/mortgage/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:repayment-method-comparison:ja","entityId":"guide:repayment-method-comparison","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"元利均等と元金均等","plainText":"元利均等は返済を一定に保ち初期の資金繰りを楽にし、元金均等は高く始まり下がり総利息を抑えます。初期の負担しやすさと総コストで選びます。\n当初返済・総利息・キャッシュフローの推移を比較。\n元利均等：一定の返済・初期の資金繰りが楽・総利息は多め。\n元金均等：初期の返済が高い・逓減・総利息は少なめ。\n元金均等は全行が扱うわけではない。\n初期の負担しやすさと生涯コストで選ぶ。\n中核のトレードオフ\n元利均等返済は（見直しまで）返済額を一定に保つため、初期の資金繰りが楽で予測しやすい一方、元金部分は小さく始まり総利息は多くなります。元金均等返済は毎月同じ元金を返すため、返済額は高く始まり時間とともに下がり、同条件の元利均等より総利息を抑えます。ただし高い初期返済はより多くの当初資金を要し、全行が扱うわけではありません。\n判断の仕方\n予測可能で低い初期返済を重視するなら元利均等を選びます。初期の予算がきつい、または収入増を見込む家計に有用です。高い初期返済を負担でき総利息を最小化したく、貸し手が扱うなら元金均等を選びます。違いは初期の資金繰りの楽さと生涯コストの引き換えです。どちらが常に良いと決めつけず、実際の予算に対し両方を試算しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：元利均等：一定の返済・初期の資金繰りが楽・総利息は多め。元金均等：初期の返済が高い・逓減・総利息は少なめ。元金均等は全行が扱うわけではない。初期の負担しやすさと生涯コストで選ぶ。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/repayment-method-comparison","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-level-principal-interest","faq:loan-level-principal"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-amortization","guide:mortgage-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"shinsei-mortgage","publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","title":"PowerSmart housing loan","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/powersmart/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bank-vs-dealer-car-loan:ja","entityId":"guide:bank-vs-dealer-car-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"銀行の自動車ローンとディーラー分割","plainText":"車両の現金価格と融資を別々に比較します。銀行の自動車ローンは利息コストが明確なことが多く、ディーラー分割は便利で値引きや残価バルーンを含み得ます。\n現金価格・金利・手数料・バルーン・所有・利便性を比較。\n銀行の自動車ローン：利息コストが明確なことが多く、通常は車を所有。\nディーラー分割：便利で、値引きや残価（バルーン）プランがあることも。\n車両の現金価格を融資と必ず別々に比較する。\n残価プランは大きな最終バルーンや返却条件を残す。\n中核のトレードオフ\n銀行の自動車ローンは利息コストが明確なことが多く、通常は車を完全に所有します。ディーラー分割は（販売時に手配され）便利で、販促値引きや、将来の車両価値を前提に月々を下げる残価（バルーン）構造が付き得ます。落とし穴は、ディーラーの値引きと融資条件がしばしば絡み合うことです。「安い」融資金利が高い車両価格を伴い得、残価プランは大きな最終バルーンや返却条件を残します。\n判断の仕方\n二つの判断を分けます。まず現金払いのつもりで車両の現金価格を交渉し、次にその価格に対する総融資コストで融資（銀行ローン対ディーラー分割）を比較します。バルーンを賄うために常に借換や転売ができると仮定するなら、残価プランに注意します。車は減価資産なので、過大な車両価格・賄えないバルーン・車の耐用年数を超える期間は避けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：銀行の自動車ローン：利息コストが明確なことが多く、通常は車を所有。ディーラー分割：便利で、値引きや残価（バルーン）プランがあることも。車両の現金価格を融資と必ず別々に比較する。残価プランは大きな最終バルーンや返却条件を残す。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/bank-vs-dealer-car-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-dealer-financing-cheaper","faq:loan-residual-value","faq:loan-what-auto-bank-loan"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:car-loans","guide:secured-vs-unsecured"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:consumer-vs-bank-card-loan:ja","entityId":"guide:consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"消費者ローンと銀行カードローン","plainText":"消費者（貸金業者）ローンは年収3分の1の総量規制と高金利の対象、銀行カードローンはこの規制の外ですが依然高金利です。どちらも長期の生活赤字に向きません。\n金利・規制・限度・返済・リスクを比較。\n消費者ローン：貸金業規制・年収3分の1の総量規制・高金利。\n銀行カードローン：銀行審査・総量規制の外・依然高金利のことが多い。\nどちらもリボ払いで最低返済の罠にはまり得る。\nどちらも長期の生活費赤字に不向き。\n中核の違い\n消費者ローンや信販会社のキャッシングは対象となる貸金業の借入で、貸金業法の総量規制の対象（対象残高が年収の3分の1を超えると新規借入が原則制限）で、高い（多くは二桁の）金利を伴います。銀行カードローンは銀行のリボ払い無担保信用で、銀行融資はこの3分の1規制の外ですが（銀行は独自の限度を設ける）、金利は依然高いことが多いです。どちらも短期の流動性には便利で、習慣化すると危険です。\n判断ルール\nどちらも長期の生活赤字に不向きです。継続的な生活費を賄うためにどちらかを使っているなら、問題はローンでなく予算で、高金利のリボ債務を足すと深まります。本当に短く必要で返済可能な緊急時には、両方の金利と返済条件を比較して安いほうを選び、素早く完済します。カードローンの利用は、残高・返済負担・信用行動を通じて将来の住宅ローン審査に響き得るため、住宅ローン申込前は残高を低く保ちリボ債務を避けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：消費者ローン：貸金業規制・年収3分の1の総量規制・高金利。銀行カードローン：銀行審査・総量規制の外・依然高金利のことが多い。どちらもリボ払いで最低返済の罠にはまり得る。どちらも長期の生活費赤字に不向き。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-bank-card-loan","faq:loan-card-loan-onethird","faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumer-loans","guide:bank-card-loans","guide:debt-before-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","title":"指定信用情報機関 CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent:ja","entityId":"guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産ポータルと買主エージェント","plainText":"ポータルは広い発見に使いますが、広告ツールであり調査ではありません。代理・交渉・判断には適切に動機づけられた専門家を使い、そのブローカーが実際に誰を代理するか必ず尋ねます。\n在庫・代理・手数料・利益相反・調査を比較。\nポータルは広い在庫と発見であり、権利・法務・建物・財務の調査ではない。\n重複掲載は一般的で、ポータルは見込み客獲得に最適化されている。\n買主エージェントは物件探し・交渉・調査の代理を提供する。\nそのブローカーが誰を代理し、両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。\n中核の違い\n不動産ポータル（SUUMO、アットホーム、HOME’S、Yahoo!不動産ほか）は広告と発見のツールで、市場に何があるかを見るには優れますが、権利・法務・建物・財務の調査の代わりにはならず、ポータルは見込み客獲得に最適化されているため重複掲載が一般的です。対照的に買主エージェントは、物件探し・交渉・調査の代理を提供し得ます。落とし穴は動機です。掲載ブローカーは売主を代理または売主に経済的に依存し得、両手仲介や直接取引が利益相反を生み得ます。\n判断の仕方\nポータルは発見に使い、広く網を張って候補のエリアと物件を特定します。次に判断には適切に動機づけられた専門家を使います。物件探し・交渉・調査であなたの利益を代理することと報酬が整合する人です。ブローカーには、誰を代理するか、双方の代理か、売買に直接の利害があるかを必ず尋ねます。「英語サイトがある」を「独立した買主代理を提供する」と混同しないこと。免許・手数料・助言が誰の側かを確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：ポータルは広い在庫と発見であり、権利・法務・建物・財務の調査ではない。重複掲載は一般的で、ポータルは見込み客獲得に最適化されている。買主エージェントは物件探し・交渉・調査の代理を提供する。そのブローカーが誰を代理し、両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portals","guide:buyers-agents","guide:real-estate-agents-japan","guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"reins-market","publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","title":"REINS Market Information","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-lenders:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の住宅ローン提供機関一覧","plainText":"日本の住宅ローン市場は、メガバンク・ネット銀行・地方銀行や信用金庫・労働金庫・農協・フラット35提供者・外国人居住者向け専門機関に及びます。全国の「ベスト」ランキングより、あなたと物件の適格性で絞った候補リストが有効です。\n銀行・ネット銀行・地域金融機関・フラット35提供者・専門機関の総合ディレクトリ。\nメガバンクとネット銀行は金利・手続き・保険特約で競う。\n地方銀行・信金・労金・農協は地理や会員の条件があり得る。\nフラット35提供者は基準金利は近いが手数料が異なる。\n適格性は申込者と物件で決まるため、全国ランキングより絞った候補リストが有効。\n提供機関の全体像\n日本の住宅ローン市場には、メガバンク（三菱UFJ・みずほ・三井住友）と大手全国機関（りそな）、ネット銀行（au Jibun Bank・住信SBIネット銀行・PayPay銀行・ソニー銀行・楽天銀行・イオン銀行）、地方銀行、信用金庫、労働金庫（労金）、農協（JA）、そしてARUHIなどのフラット35取扱機関が含まれます。外国人居住者向け専門機関にはプレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガ銀行があります。各社は異なる形で競います。ネット銀行は金利とデジタル手続き、店舗銀行は助言と例外対応、地域機関は地域の関係です。\n全国ランキングより候補リストが有効な理由\n地域機関は、営業区域内の居住者・従業員・購入者に競争力ある金利を出し得ますが、地理・給与振込・会員・雇用主・物件所在地の制限を課し得ます。だからこそ、全国の「ベスト」ランキングより、あなたの在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件で絞った候補リストのほうが有効です。メガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行、そして必要な専門ルート（フラット35や外国人向け）を網羅した候補リストを作り、同じLTV・期間・保有期間で日付入りの見積りを比較しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：メガバンクとネット銀行は金利・手続き・保険特約で競う。地方銀行・信金・労金・農協は地理や会員の条件があり得る。フラット35提供者は基準金利は近いが手数料が異なる。適格性は申込者と物件で決まるため、全国ランキングより絞った候補リストが有効。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-how-many-lenders","faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:online-mortgage-lenders","guide:flat-35-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders:ja","entityId":"guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人に対応する住宅ローン提供機関","plainText":"プレスティアは充実した英語対応と保証料なしを掲げ、東京スター銀行は永住のない外国人向けスターモーゲージを公表し、スルガ銀行は日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローンを提供します。ただし適格性と価格は主流の永住者向けより狭くなります。\n永住要件・非永住ルート・日本語要件・英語対応を各社で比較。\nプレスティア：英語対応・最大5億円・保証料なし・購入と借換。\n東京スター銀行：永住のない外国人向けに明示されたスターモーゲージ。\nスルガ銀行：日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローン（非居住者は不可）。\n「英語ページ」「通訳」「英語での契約」は別のサービス。どれかを確認する。\n外国人対応のルート\nプレスティア（SMBC信託銀行）は、充実した英語対応・最大5億円・信用保証や保証料なし・購入と借換の両方を掲げ、高所得や国際志向の顧客に有力な選択肢です（選択的・関係価格の可能性あり）。東京スター銀行は、永住のない外国人向けにスターモーゲージを明示的に公表し、給与振込割引の可能性がある重要な非永住ルートです。スルガ銀行の外国人向け住宅ローンは日本居住者向け（概要は非居住者を除外）で、永住が普遍的に必須とは述べていません。フラット35も、国籍・在留と物件の条件を満たす非永住の買い手が利用できます。\n言語対応の注意点\n「英語サイトがある」を「完全に独立した英語サービス」と思い込まないこと。英語の広告ページ、会議の通訳、英語での契約は三つの別物で、英語対応の質は都市や取引で異なります。各社が各段階（申込・重要事項説明・契約・決済）でどの言語支援を提供するか、日本語での契約理解がなお必要かを正確に確認しましょう。非永住の申込者は、適格と決める前に、具体的な永住要件・頭金の想定・配偶者や雇用主や長期在留の条件も確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：プレスティア：英語対応・最大5億円・保証料なし・購入と借換。東京スター銀行：永住のない外国人向けに明示されたスターモーゲージ。スルガ銀行：日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローン（非居住者は不可）。「英語ページ」「通訳」「英語での契約」は別のサービス。どれかを確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-english-support","faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-japanese-language","faq:loan-no-japanese-guarantor"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","guide:foreigner-mortgage-checker","guide:prestia-housing-loan"]},"sources":[{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"tokyostar-mortgage","publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","title":"Star Mortgage housing loan","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"suruga-mortgage","publisher":"Suruga Bank","title":"Foreign-national home loan","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:online-mortgage-lenders:ja","entityId":"guide:online-mortgage-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ネット銀行の住宅ローン","plainText":"ネット銀行（au Jibun Bank・住信SBIネット銀行・PayPay銀行・ソニー銀行・楽天銀行）は低い広告金利と完全デジタルの申込を提供し、書類の整った標準的な給与所得者に最適です。\nデジタル申込・金利・書類・電子契約・サポートをネット銀行で比較。\n低い広告金利と、電子契約を伴うデジタル申込。\nau Jibun Bank：1〜50年、住信SBI：最大3億円・最長50年。\n金利ページは変動的。申込日と実行日に保存する。\n標準的な給与案件に最適。複雑な案件は店舗銀行が必要になり得る。\nネット住宅ローンの仕組み\nネット銀行は全過程（申込・書類アップロード・多くは電子契約）をデジタルで行い、店舗コストの節約を低い広告金利に反映します。au Jibun Bankは1〜50年の期間と透明なLTV・手数料開示を公表し、住信SBIネット銀行は新規借入で最大3億円・最長50年と幅広い保険を公表し、PayPay銀行やソニー銀行は長期や保険の機能を提供します。確認したページは通常、外国人の一般的な適格性に永住を求めるため、非永住の申込者は申込前に確認しましょう。\n最適な相手と変動金利の注意\nネット住宅ローンは、日本語でのオンライン申込に抵抗がなく、書類の整った標準的な給与所得者に向きます。主な注意点は、金利ページが変動的で申込と実行の間に変わり得ることです。申込時と実行時に（日付付きで）ページを保存し、日付入りの書面見積りで正確な金利を確認しましょう。収入が自営や海外、物件が特殊、対面の案内や英語対応が必要なら、やや高い金利でも店舗銀行や専門の貸し手が向くことがあります。\n押さえておきたい要点：低い広告金利と、電子契約を伴うデジタル申込。au Jibun Bank：1〜50年、住信SBI：最大3億円・最長50年。金利ページは変動的。申込日と実行日に保存する。標準的な給与案件に最適。複雑な案件は店舗銀行が必要になり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/online-mortgage-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-how-many-lenders"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:online-vs-traditional-mortgages","guide:jibun-bank-housing-loan","guide:sumishin-sbi-web-course","guide:paypay-bank-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"sumishin-mortgage","publisher":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank","title":"WEB-course housing loan","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/contents/lineup/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-mortgage","publisher":"PayPay Bank","title":"PayPay Bank mortgage","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/mortgage/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:major-bank-mortgages:ja","entityId":"guide:major-bank-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"メガバンクの住宅ローン","plainText":"メガバンク（三菱UFJ・みずほ・三井住友）と大手全国機関（りそな）は、確立した手続き・店舗網・対面の助言を兼ね備え、一般的な給与所得者や例外対応が必要な複雑案件に向きます。\nメガバンクと大手全国機関：店舗網・手続き・例外対応。\n確立した手続き・店舗網・対面の助言。\nMUFG：コースにより変動約0.945〜0.995%、強調される期間上乗せなしで最長40年。\nみずほは2027年1月の見直しを開示、りそなは充実した個人向けラインナップ。\n店舗＋オンラインを望む一般的な給与所得者に最適。\nメガバンクとは\nメガバンクと大手全国機関は、確立した手続きと店舗網、対面の助言を提供します。MUFGは主ページで変動0.945%、詳細ページの所定の割引コースで0.995%、10年固定3.59%、一般に2.20%の定率手数料、確認商品では保証料なし、強調される期間上乗せなしで最長40年を示しました。申込前に主ページと詳細コースの表示を突き合わせましょう。みずほは新規変動約1.025%からとしつつ、2027年1月以降に1.275%以上が適用される旨を公表しました。りそなは個人向け住宅ローンに強く、リフォームやリバースモーゲージのラインナップを持ちます。\n最適な相手\nメガバンクは、オンラインに加え店舗の安心を望む一般的な給与所得者や、人による審査が有効な複雑案件（変動収入・特殊な物件・例外対応の必要）に最適です。広告金利は競争力がありますが通常は最安のネット銀行より上のため、店舗の利便と助言の価値を金利差と比較しましょう。どの銀行でも、主ページと詳細コースの金利を突き合わせ、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：確立した手続き・店舗網・対面の助言。MUFG：コースにより変動約0.945〜0.995%、強調される期間上乗せなしで最長40年。みずほは2027年1月の見直しを開示、りそなは充実した個人向けラインナップ。店舗＋オンラインを望む一般的な給与所得者に最適。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/major-bank-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:online-vs-traditional-mortgages","guide:mufg-housing-loan","guide:mizuho-housing-loan","guide:resona-housing-loan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"resona-mortgage","publisher":"Resona Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35-lenders:ja","entityId":"guide:flat-35-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35の取扱機関","plainText":"フラット35の基準金利は各社で近い（2026年8月で21〜35年約3.29%）ため、表面金利でなく事務手数料・LTV帯・保険上乗せ・優遇ポイント・処理を比較します。\n金利・手数料・LTV・保険・優遇ポイント・処理をフラット35各社で比較。\n基準金利は近い。ARUHIはスーパーフラットを持つ経験豊富な取扱機関。\n事務手数料・LTV帯・処理を各社で比較する。\n保険上乗せが重要：7月表でペア団信＋0.18%、三大疾病＋0.24%。\n優遇ポイント（フラット35S・子育てプラス）は所定の当初年数に適用。\nフラット35各社の比較の仕方\nフラット35は標準化されたJHF制度のため基準金利は各社で近く、7月の公式最頻金利はLTV90%以下・21〜35年で3.14%、8月の各社金利は約3.29%へ上昇し、7月レンジはLTVと期間で概ね3.14〜5.40%でした。実際に異なるのは、事務手数料モデル・保証と鑑定費用・保険上乗せ（7月公式表でペア団信＋0.18%、三大疾病＋0.24%）・優遇ポイント・処理速度です。ARUHIは経験豊富なフラット35取扱機関で、スーパーフラットは大きな頭金に対しより低い金利で報い得ます。\n物件基準とフラット35が向く人\nどの提供者でも、フラット35は物件が所定の技術基準を満たし適合証明を通す必要があるため、検査と証明の手順を工程に織り込み、適格な中古住宅は融資しますが通常の賃貸投資物件は融資しないことを覚えておきましょう。短いフラット20や適格な長期のフラット50もあり、優遇の枠組み（住宅性能のフラット35S、適格世帯の子育てプラス）は全期間でなく所定の当初年数だけ金利を下げるため、割引期間の間と後の両方で返済額を試算します。フラット35は、全期間の返済確実性を望む・適格な物件を持つ・永住がなく基準の明確なルートが必要な借り手に最適です。基準金利でなく手数料モデルと処理で各社を比較し、申込前に日付入りの見積りを取りましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/flat-35-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-flat35-same-everywhere","faq:loan-what-flat35"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage","guide:sbi-aruhi-flat-35","guide:japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jhf-flat35-rates","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 product and rate information","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aruhi-flat35","publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","title":"ARUHI Flat 35 rates and products","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:refinancing-lenders:ja","entityId":"guide:refinancing-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン借り換えの提供機関","plainText":"多くのメガ・ネット銀行とプレスティアが借り換えを扱います。残存期間にわたり、新金利を乗り換えの総コスト（事務手数料・抹消と登記・司法書士・鑑定・新たな保険）と比較します。\n対象残高・条件・手数料・鑑定・保険（借り換え）。\nメガ銀行・ネット銀行・プレスティアが借り換えを扱う。\n新金利を事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険と比較する。\n借り換えは新たな団信と健康審査が必要。\n手数料を上回る節約には、相当の残高と残存期間が要る。\n取扱機関と比較の仕方\n多くのメガ銀行・ネット銀行、そしてプレスティア（購入と借換で最大5億円・保証料なし）などの専門機関が、あらためての審査を条件に既存ローンを借り換えます。借り換えはローン全体を置き換えるため、新金利を乗り換えの総コスト（新たな事務手数料・旧抵当権の抹消と新設定・司法書士費用・鑑定・新たな団信）と、残存期間で測って比較します。手数料を上回る節約には、相当の残高と残存期間が必要です。\n乗り換え前に損益分岐を確認する\n借り換えが得になるのは、割引現在価値での利息の節約が新たな費用のすべてを上回るときだけです。申込の前に損益分岐を試算しましょう。低い返済で乗り換え費用を回収するのに何か月かかるか、その期間ローンを保有するかです。永住権の取得や信用の改善は利用できる貸し手を広げ金利を良くし得ますが、承認は決して保証されず、新しいローンは団信の新たな健康審査を伴います。健康状態が悪いと標準の保障が制限され得ますが、引受基準の緩い商品が割高で存在することもあります。期間の延長に注意しましょう。ローンを再び延ばすと毎月の返済は下がり借り換えが魅力的に見えますが、総利息を増やし得ます。残存期間を同条件で比較し、再延長による低い月返済はメリットでなくコストと捉えましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/refinancing-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-refinancing-makes-sense","faq:loan-refinancing-health"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-refinancing","guide:refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","guide:mortgage-refinancing-tool"]},"sources":[{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-fees-comparison:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-fees-comparison","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン手数料の比較","plainText":"表面金利だけでなく、事務手数料（多くは2.20%＝5,000万円で110万円）・保証料モデル（前払い・金利上乗せ・なし）・鑑定・登録免許税・繰上返済費用を比較します。\n定率手数料・保証料・鑑定・登記・繰上返済費用。\n定率の事務手数料は元金の2.20%が多い。\n「保証料なし」は定率手数料の上昇や金利上乗せを意味し得る。\n鑑定・登録免許税・司法書士報酬を加える。\n早期に売却・借換の可能性があるなら繰上返済手数料を確認する。\n手数料モデル\n大きく二つのモデルが主流です。定率手数料型は事務手数料（多くは元金の2.20%＝5,000万円で110万円）を課し、別途の保証料はないことが多いです。保証会社型は、保証料を前払いする・金利に上乗せする・より高い事務手数料と引き換えに免除する、のいずれかです。「保証料なし」も「事務手数料なし」も、それぞれ別の所にコストを隠し得るため、想定保有期間にわたる全手数料と利息の合計で必ず比較しましょう。\n比較すべき他の費用\n事務手数料と保証料に加え、鑑定料、登録免許税（評価額や被担保額と減免に基づく）、決済時の司法書士報酬を加えます。繰上返済手数料も確認しましょう。数年以内に売却・借換の可能性があるほど重要です。名目上低い金利と大きな手数料の組合せは、保有期間が短ければより高いローンになり得るため、実際に保有を見込む年数で内部コストを計算しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：定率の事務手数料は元金の2.20%が多い。「保証料なし」は定率手数料の上昇や金利上乗せを意味し得る。鑑定・登録免許税・司法書士報酬を加える。早期に売却・借換の可能性があるなら繰上返済手数料を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-fees-comparison","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-total-cost","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-fees","guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","guide:read-mortgage-quote"]},"sources":[{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-life-insurance:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-life-insurance","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"団体信用生命保険（団信）の比較","plainText":"団体信用生命保険（団信）は被保険者の死亡時に住宅ローンを完済します。上乗せ特約（がん・三大疾病・ペア）は金利上乗せで保障を追加します。7月のフラット35表ではペア団信＋0.18%、三大疾病＋0.24%でした。\n標準団信・ペア団信・がん・三大疾病・金利上乗せ。\n標準の団信は被保険者の死亡時にローンを完済する。\n特約（がん・三大疾病）は金利上乗せで保障を追加する。\nペア団信はペアローンで重要。なければ団信は一方のローンのみ完済。\n借換は新たな審査が必要。健康状態が悪いと標準団信が制限され得る。\n標準保障と特約\n団体信用生命保険（団信）は、被保険者の死亡時（多くは高度障害時も）に残りの住宅ローンを完済し、一般に加入が必要です。上乗せ特約はがんや三大疾病に保障を広げ、通常は別途保険料でなく金利上乗せで負担します。7月の公式フラット35表では、ペア団信が＋0.18%、三大疾病が＋0.24%でした。追加の保障を金利コストと、既存の生命・医療保険と比較し、同じ保障に二重に払わないようにしましょう。\nペア保障と健康審査\nペアローンでは、団信は原則、連生型でない限り被保険者の死亡時にその人のローンのみを完済し、自動で双方は消しません。生存者のローンも消したいならペア団信が重要です。新規や借換のローンは新たな健康審査を要し、健康状態が悪いと標準団信が制限され得ますが、引受基準の緩い商品が割高で存在することもあります。保険を家族の安全網として頼る前に、自分の構造で死亡や重病の際に何が起きるかを確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：標準の団信は被保険者の死亡時にローンを完済する。特約（がん・三大疾病）は金利上乗せで保障を追加する。ペア団信はペアローンで重要。なければ団信は一方のローンのみ完済。借換は新たな審査が必要。健康状態が悪いと標準団信が制限され得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-life-insurance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-pair-death","faq:loan-refinancing-health"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pair-loans","guide:mortgage-refinancing","guide:flat-35"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jhf-flat35-rates","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 product and rate information","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:50-year-mortgages:ja","entityId":"guide:50-year-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"最長50年の住宅ローン","plainText":"いくつかの銀行は最長50年（au Jibun Bank 1〜50、住信SBI最長50）を認めますが、年齢・物件の制限と期間上乗せが付きます。低い毎月の返済は、はるかに高い総利息と遅い資産形成の代償です。\n取扱機関・年齢制限・物件制限・上乗せ・40〜50年の総コスト。\nau Jibun Bankは1〜50年、住信SBIネット銀行は新規借入で最長50年を公表。\n35年超はしばしば金利上乗せ（au Jibun ＋0.10%）を伴う。\n年齢制限がある。完済は80歳など所定年齢前が通常。\n低い毎月の返済は、はるかに高い総利息との引き換え。\n取扱機関・上乗せ・制限\nいくつかの銀行は、年齢・物件・引受の制限付きで長期を認めます。au Jibun Bankは1〜50年、住信SBIネット銀行は新規借入で最長50年を公表しています。35年超はしばしば上乗せを伴い、au Jibun Bankは35年超で0.10%を加え、PayPay銀行の35年超の長期上乗せは2026年9月1日以降の実行で上がり、完済は80歳前です。年齢制限は完済を所定年齢前とするため、高齢の借り手が期間をどこまで延ばせるかを制約します。\n総コストのトレードオフ\n40〜50年の期間は毎月の返済を下げ購入を手頃に感じさせますが、追加の数十年の利息は大きな実質コストで、資産形成ははるかに遅くなります。長い期間は、手が届く以上に高い家へ背伸びするためでなく、真のキャッシュフローの柔軟性のために使いましょう。想定される稼働所得を大きく超えて続くローンは危険信号です。35年の返済を楽に負担できるなら通常それが総利息を最小化します。40年や50年は意図的に選び、後で繰上返済を検討しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：au Jibun Bankは1〜50年、住信SBIネット銀行は新規借入で最長50年を公表。35年超はしばしば金利上乗せ（au Jibun ＋0.10%）を伴う。年齢制限がある。完済は80歳など所定年齢前が通常。低い毎月の返済は、はるかに高い総利息との引き換え。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/50-year-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-amortization"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-term-comparison","guide:mortgage-amortization","guide:debt-to-income-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"sumishin-mortgage","publisher":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank","title":"WEB-course housing loan","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/contents/lineup/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-mortgage","publisher":"PayPay Bank","title":"PayPay Bank mortgage","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/mortgage/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:regional-mortgage-lenders:ja","entityId":"guide:regional-mortgage-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローンの地方銀行・信用金庫","plainText":"地方銀行・信用金庫・労働金庫（労金）・農協は、営業区域内の居住者・従業員・購入者に競争力ある金利を出し得ますが、地理・給与振込・会員・雇用主・物件所在地の制限を課すことが多いです。\n地理的な適格性・給与振込・会員・地元物件の要件。\n地方銀行・信金・労金・農協は地元の借り手に競争力ある価格を出し得る。\n適格性は居住・雇用主・給与振込・会員に依存し得る。\n物件は機関の営業区域内であることが多い。\nあなたか物件が区域に合うなら候補リストに入れる価値がある。\n地域機関が対象とする相手\n地方銀行・信用金庫・労働金庫（労金）・農協（JA）は地域に密着して営業し、営業区域につながる人（居住者・地元企業の従業員・会員・地元物件の買い手）に競争力ある金利を出し得ます。例えば労金は加盟団体の従業員を対象とすることが多く、信金やJAには会員制度があります。代償として、適格性は居住地や勤務地、給与の振込先、会員資格、物件の所在地に依存し得ます。\n候補リストに入れるとき\nあなたか物件がその区域に合うなら、地域機関を候補リストに入れましょう。地元の勤務先を持つ地元の買い手が地元の住まいを買う場合、全国比較では見落とす金利やサービスを得られることがあります。ルールが地理・会員制のため、統一的な全国表には現れません。適格性、必要な給与振込や会員の条件、物件所在地のルールを直接尋ねましょう。適格な買い手にとって、地域の貸し手はどのメガバンクにも劣らず競争力があり得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：地方銀行・信金・労金・農協は地元の借り手に競争力ある価格を出し得る。適格性は居住・雇用主・給与振込・会員に依存し得る。物件は機関の営業区域内であることが多い。あなたか物件が区域に合うなら候補リストに入れる価値がある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/regional-mortgage-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-how-many-lenders"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-lenders","guide:major-bank-mortgages","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-banks","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Licensed banks in Japan","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/ginkou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mufg-housing-loan:ja","entityId":"guide:mufg-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"三菱UFJ銀行の住宅ローン","plainText":"三菱UFJ銀行は、割引コースにより変動約0.945〜0.995%、10年固定約3.59%、確認商品では保証料なしの一般に2.20%の定率手数料、強調される上乗せなしで最長40年を示します。\n三菱UFJ銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n変動0.945%（主ページ）／0.995%（所定の割引コース）、10年固定3.59%。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n一般に2.20%の定率手数料。確認商品では保証料は不要と記載。強調される期間上乗せなしで最長40年。申込前に主ページと詳細コースの表示を突き合わせる。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n主要な店舗網とオンラインを望む一般的な給与所得者に最適。主ページと詳細コースの金利を突き合わせる必要がある。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\n三菱UFJ銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mufg-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mizuho-housing-loan","guide:resona-housing-loan","guide:major-bank-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mizuho-housing-loan:ja","entityId":"guide:mizuho-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"みずほ銀行の住宅ローン","plainText":"みずほ銀行は新規変動約1.025%からとしつつ、8月3日のプライムレート変更後に2027年1月以降1.275%以上が適用される旨を公表しています。すでに告知された将来の見直しの貴重な開示です。\nみずほ銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n新規変動約1.025%から。2027年1月以降1.275%以上の警告を公表（さらなる変更あり）。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n半年ごとの見直し。手数料と適格性は商品ルートによる。告知された2027年1月の見直しが計画の要点。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n当初金利だけでなく2027年1月の返済額を試算する借り手に最適。告知された見直しの開示は特に有用。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nみずほ銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mizuho-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-housing-loan","guide:resona-housing-loan","guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:resona-housing-loan:ja","entityId":"guide:resona-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"りそな銀行の住宅ローン","plainText":"りそな銀行は個人向け住宅ローンに強く、リフォームやリバースモーゲージのラインナップを持ちます。金利ページは2026年7月8日付で、プライムレート変更が2026年10月に告知され、一部返済に2027年1月以降の影響があります。最終見積りが必要です。\nりそな銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n金利ページは2026年7月8日付。販促金利は安定して抽出できず、現行の見積りを取得すること。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\nプライムレート変更が2026年10月に告知、一部返済に2027年1月以降の影響、契約上の5年・125%ルール。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n個人向け住宅ローンに強く、リフォーム・リバースモーゲージのラインナップ。取得ページで販促金利が安定しないため最終見積りが必要。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nりそな銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/resona-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-housing-loan","guide:mizuho-housing-loan","guide:renovation-loans"]},"sources":[{"id":"resona-mortgage","publisher":"Resona Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:jibun-bank-housing-loan:ja","entityId":"guide:jibun-bank-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"au じぶん銀行の住宅ローン","plainText":"au じぶん銀行は、最大割引後にLTV80%以下で新規変動0.984%、80%超で0.045%加算、500万〜2億円、1〜50年、2.20%手数料、35年超で0.10%上乗せを示します。透明なLTV・手数料開示と強力なデジタル手続きが特徴です。\nau じぶん銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n最大割引後、LTV80%以下で新規変動0.984%、80%超で＋0.045%。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n500万〜2億円、1〜50年、2.20%手数料、35年超で0.10%上乗せ、金利は保証付き価格に置き換わり得る。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n透明なLTV・手数料開示、強力なデジタル手続き、保険の選択肢。サービス連動の割引は万人向けではない。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nau じぶん銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/jibun-bank-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:sumishin-sbi-web-course","guide:paypay-bank-mortgage","guide:online-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sumishin-sbi-web-course:ja","entityId":"guide:sumishin-sbi-web-course","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住信SBIネット銀行 WEB申込コース","plainText":"住信SBIネット銀行は、500万〜3億円、最長50年、デジタル申込による幅広い保険が魅力です。7月の資料は基準3.525%と割引構造に触れ、確認ページでは外国人の一般的な適格性に永住が必要でした。\n住信SBIネット銀行 WEB申込コース：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n7月の資料は基準3.525%と割引構造に言及。申込時に現行ページを確認。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n500万〜3億円、最長50年、確認ページでは外国人の一般的適格性に永住が必要。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n高い上限、デジタル申込、幅広い保険。金利ページは変動的で、申込日と実行日に保存すること。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\n住信SBIネット銀行 WEB申込コースは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/sumishin-sbi-web-course","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:jibun-bank-housing-loan","guide:paypay-bank-mortgage","guide:online-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"sumishin-mortgage","publisher":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank","title":"WEB-course housing loan","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/contents/lineup/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:paypay-bank-mortgage:ja","entityId":"guide:paypay-bank-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"PayPay銀行の住宅ローン","plainText":"PayPay銀行はデジタルで長期・保険機能のある商品ですが、動的ページで安定した基準金利は取得できませんでした。35年超は2026年8月31日まで0.10%、9月1日以降の実行で0.30%の上乗せ、最長50年・完済は80歳前です。\nPayPay銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n動的ページで安定した基準金利は取得できず。日付入りの書面見積りを取得すること。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\nサービス割引と0.30%の引受上乗せの可能性。35年超は2026年8月31日まで0.10%、9月1日以降0.30%。最長50年、完済は80歳前。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\nデジタル・長期・保険機能。ただし将来の長期上乗せは大きい。日付入りの書面見積りを取得すること。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nPayPay銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/paypay-bank-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:jibun-bank-housing-loan","guide:sumishin-sbi-web-course","guide:50-year-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-mortgage","publisher":"PayPay Bank","title":"PayPay Bank mortgage","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/mortgage/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sbi-shinsei-housing-loan:ja","entityId":"guide:sbi-shinsei-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SBI新生銀行の住宅ローン","plainText":"SBI新生銀行は柔軟な手数料構造で差別化してきた歴史があり、元利均等返済を用いますが、取得した現行ページで安定した8月の数値は得られませんでした。古い金利の検索スニペットに頼らず、現行の公式表を取得してください。\nSBI新生銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n取得した現行ページで安定した8月の数値は得られず。過去ページを現行見積りに使わないこと。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n元利均等返済。実行/条件日が金利を決める。柔軟な手数料構造で従来差別化。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n従来は柔軟な手数料。現行の公式表を取得し、古い金利の検索スニペットに頼らないこと。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nSBI新生銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/sbi-shinsei-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-housing-loan","guide:repayment-method-comparison","guide:online-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"shinsei-mortgage","publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","title":"PowerSmart housing loan","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/powersmart/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sbi-aruhi-flat-35:ja","entityId":"guide:sbi-aruhi-flat-35","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SBI ARUHI フラット35","plainText":"ARUHIは経験豊富なフラット35取扱機関です。8月の標準フラット35は資格ポイント引下げ前で21〜35年3.29%、4つの割引ポイントと所定の保険で当初5年2.29%の例示、大きな頭金に報い得るスーパーフラットもあります。\nSBI ARUHI フラット35：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n8月の標準フラット35：ポイント引下げ前で21〜35年3.29%、4つの割引ポイントと所定の保険で当初5年2.29%の例。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n全期間固定、物件の技術基準あり、価格はLTV・期間・保険・割引ポイントで変動。スーパーフラットは大きな頭金に報い得る。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n返済の確実性と経験豊富なフラット35処理。変動より高い基準金利、手数料と物件検査要件が重要。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nSBI ARUHI フラット35は、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/sbi-aruhi-flat-35","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:flat-35-lenders","guide:japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35"]},"sources":[{"id":"aruhi-flat35","publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","title":"ARUHI Flat 35 rates and products","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅金融支援機構 / フラット35","plainText":"住宅金融支援機構は、参加金融機関との買取・保証の仕組みでフラット35を支えます。7月の公式最頻金利はLTV90%以下・21〜35年で3.14%、8月に各社で約3.29%へ上昇し、全期間の確実性のベンチマークです。\n住宅金融支援機構 / フラット35：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n7月の公式最頻金利はLTV90%以下・21〜35年で3.14%、8月の各社金利は約3.29%へ、7月レンジ3.14〜5.40%。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n全期間固定、7月公式表でペア団信＋0.18%・三大疾病＋0.24%。参加機関を通じて提供。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n全期間の確実性のベンチマーク。基準金利が同じでも提供者の手数料を比較。8月1日時点で公式ページはなお7月を表示。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\n住宅金融支援機構 / フラット35は、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:sbi-aruhi-flat-35","guide:flat-35-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35-rates","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 product and rate information","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:prestia-housing-loan:ja","entityId":"guide:prestia-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"プレスティアの住宅ローン","plainText":"プレスティア（SMBC信託銀行）は外国人居住者・英語サービスの有力な選択肢です。充実した英語対応、最大5億円、信用保証や保証料なし、購入と借換の両方を掲げ、単一の表面金利でなく個別の金利提示です。\nプレスティアの住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n単一の表面金利でなく、個別の金利提示と優遇条件。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n最大5億円、購入と借換、信用保証や保証料なし、英語対応。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n高所得・国際志向の顧客に有力な外国人居住者・英語サービスの選択肢。選択的・関係価格の可能性あり。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nプレスティアの住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/prestia-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage","guide:suruga-bank-foreign-national-home-loan"]},"sources":[{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage:ja","entityId":"guide:tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"東京スター銀行 スター住宅ローン","plainText":"東京スター銀行は、永住のない外国人向けにスター住宅ローンを明示的に販売しており、給与振込割引の可能性がある重要な非永住ルートです。現行金利は直接の見積りが必要で、専門価格は通常の永住者向けより不利なことがあります。\n東京スター銀行 スター住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n現行金利は直接の見積りが必要。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n永住のない外国人向けに特化して販売、給与振込割引が適用され得る。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n重要な非永住ルート。専門価格と条件は通常の永住者向けより不利なことがある。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\n東京スター銀行 スター住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:prestia-housing-loan","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyostar-mortgage","publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","title":"Star Mortgage housing loan","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:suruga-bank-foreign-national-home-loan:ja","entityId":"guide:suruga-bank-foreign-national-home-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"スルガ銀行 外国人向け住宅ローン","plainText":"スルガ銀行は日本居住の外国人に広い専門的検討と多言語対応を提供します。公表の概要は30万〜6億円、借入時70歳未満・最終返済時85歳未満、非居住者は除外でした。金利・LTV・手数料と過去の対応の評判を十分に比較してください。\nスルガ銀行 外国人向け住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n2026年8月のHTMLソースで現行金利は未確認。直接の見積りを取得すること。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n公表の概要は30万〜6億円、借入時70歳未満・最終返済時85歳未満、申込者は日本居住（非居住者は除外）。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n広い専門的検討と多言語対応。金利・LTV・手数料と過去の対応の評判を十分に比較すること。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nスルガ銀行 外国人向け住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/suruga-bank-foreign-national-home-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:prestia-housing-loan","guide:tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"id":"suruga-mortgage","publisher":"Suruga Bank","title":"Foreign-national home loan","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-budget:ja","entityId":"guide:property-budget","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"いくらの物件が買えるか","plainText":"内見の前に3つの上限を決めます：購入価格の上限、毎月の住居費の上限（ローン＋税・管理費・保険・修繕）、決済後に残す最低現金。そのうえで毎月の額を高い金利でストレステストします。\n購入上限・毎月の上限・現金の備え・ストレステストの決め方。\n購入価格の上限・毎月の支出上限・決済後の現金の下限を決める。\n毎月の支出はローンだけでない。税・管理費・積立金・保険・駐車場・修繕を加える。\n返済額を提示金利＋1・2・3%でストレステストする。\n銀行の上限まで借りない。余裕が残らない。\n3つの上限\n内見の前に3つの上限を決めます。購入価格の上限は探す対象を制限します。毎月の住居費の上限が本当の返済能力の試験で、ローンだけではありません。固定資産税・都市計画税、マンションの管理費・修繕積立金、保険、駐車場、光熱費、自己負担の修繕（一戸建ては屋根・外装・構造の費用が直接乗る）を含みます。最低現金の備えは決済後も残す額で、諸費用・修繕・緊急時の緩衝がなくならないようにします。\n返済額をストレステストする\n毎月の返済額を提示金利＋1・2・3%で試算します。当初金利でしか返済できない変動ローンは、安全には負担できないローンだからです。ストレス下の住居費が手取りの堅実な割合（目安は約35%）を超える、総返済負担が銀行の基準を超える、ローンが想定される稼働所得を大きく超えて続く場合は、計画に注意信号を立てます。銀行の上限は引受の天井であり家計への推奨ではありません。自分のストレス予算で判断しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：購入価格の上限・毎月の支出上限・決済後の現金の下限を決める。毎月の支出はローンだけでない。税・管理費・積立金・保険・駐車場・修繕を加える。返済額を提示金利＋1・2・3%でストレステストする。銀行の上限まで借りない。余裕が残らない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-budget","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-borrow-maximum","faq:loan-what-dti"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:debt-to-income-japan","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-repayment-ratio","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 repayment-ratio and simulation","url":"https://www.flat35.com/user/simulation/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-preapproval:ja","entityId":"guide:property-preapproval","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"物件探しの前の事前審査","plainText":"買付の前に事前審査を受けましょう。現実的な予算が分かり、素早く動け、住宅ローン特約の土台になります。ただし有効期限があり、融資の約束ではありません。\n事前審査の時期・書類・有効期限・買付・融資特約。\n事前審査は申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件を確認する。\n現実的な予算と、買付時の信頼性を与える。\n事前審査は有効期限があり銀行ごと。融資の約束ではない。\n住宅ローン特約を付けて買付する。事前審査を先に取るほうが安全。\n事前審査を先に取る理由\n事前審査（仮審査）は、申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件を確認し、融資できない住まいに惚れ込む前に現実的な予算を与えます。売主に対して買付の信頼性も高めます。源泉徴収票・課税証明・在職証明などの書類を早めに揃え、候補物件が見つかったら素早く事前審査を受けられるようにしましょう。買付の前に事前審査を手にしておくほうが安全です。\n有効期限と融資特約\n事前審査は有効期限があり銀行ごとで、融資の約束ではありません。書類の相違・担保評価の弱さ・物件の不適格で本審査はなお失敗し得ます。買付・契約時、住宅ローン特約は金融機関・金額・申込と承認の期限を明記し、特約に基づき融資が不成立の場合に手付金が返還されるかを定めます。事前審査とよく練られた融資特約は、融資できない取引で手付金を失わないための、住宅ローン利用者の中核の保護です。\n押さえておきたい要点：事前審査は申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件を確認する。現実的な予算と、買付時の信頼性を与える。事前審査は有効期限があり銀行ごと。融資の約束ではない。住宅ローン特約を付けて買付する。事前審査を先に取るほうが安全。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-preapproval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-preapproval","faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval","faq:loan-preapproval-valid"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:preapproval-final-approval","guide:mortgage-financing-clause","guide:making-property-offer"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:choosing-property-area:ja","entityId":"guide:choosing-property-area","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本でエリアを選ぶ","plainText":"通勤・学校・医療・騒音・再開発・用途地域・傾斜・浸水/土砂/津波/液状化のリスク、そして賃貸需要と売却の厚みを、国交省の不動産情報ライブラリと現地訪問で評価します。\n通勤・生活サービス・人口動態・用途地域・災害・売却でエリアを選ぶ。\n通勤・学校・医療・騒音・再開発計画を比較する。\n用途地域・傾斜・浸水/土砂/津波/液状化のリスクを公式地図で確認する。\n今の利便だけでなく、地域人口・賃貸需要・売却の厚みを考える。\n国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは価格・地価・都市計画・災害データを統合する。\nエリアで評価すべきこと\nエリアを選ぶことは、日々の暮らしと将来の売却市場を同時に選ぶことです。通勤・学校・医療・騒音・再開発計画・用途地域・傾斜、そして公式の浸水・内水氾濫・土砂・津波・高潮・液状化のリスク、加えて地域の人口動向・賃貸需要・売却の厚みを評価します。国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは、取引価格・公示地価・都市計画・災害・生活利便の情報を一か所にまとめ、掲載物件を実際の比較事例と災害リスクに照らして検証できます。\n地図と現地観察\nハザードマップはモデル化されたシナリオを示し、色のない場所が無リスクだと証明するものではないため、公式地図に地元の地図と現地観察を組み合わせます。駅から歩き、傾斜と排水を確認し、大雨の日の様子を想像します。人口と需要は住みやすさと売却の両方に効きます。人口が減り高齢化する地域は今は安くても後で売りにくいことがあります。都市名でなく具体的なミクロの立地で採算を見て、取引事例で需要を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：通勤・学校・医療・騒音・再開発計画を比較する。用途地域・傾斜・浸水/土砂/津波/液状化のリスクを公式地図で確認する。今の利便だけでなく、地域人口・賃貸需要・売却の厚みを考える。国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは価格・地価・都市計画・災害データを統合する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/choosing-property-area","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-hazard-map","faq:loan-outside-hazard-zone","faq:loan-station-distance"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:hazard-maps","guide:finding-property","guide:property-resale-value"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-hazard-map","publisher":"国土交通省","title":"ハザードマップポータル","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:finding-property:ja","entityId":"guide:finding-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で物件を探す","plainText":"複数のポータルと仲介で探し、掲載は調査でなく発見と捉え、重複掲載を想定し、「未公開」の主張に懐疑的になり、価格を国交省の取引事例で確認します。\nポータル・重複掲載・仲介・未公開物件の主張・比較事例。\n複数のポータルと仲介を使う。重複掲載は一般的。\nポータルは広告と発見のツールで、権利・法務・建物の調査ではない。\n判断を急がせる「未公開」「専任」の主張に懐疑的になる。\n募集価格を国交省の取引事例やREINSの市場情報で確認する。\nポータル・重複・仲介\n複数のポータル（SUUMO・アットホーム・HOME’S・Yahoo!不動産ほか）で探し仲介と話しますが、ポータルは広告と発見のツールであり、権利・法務・建物・財務の調査の代わりにはなりません。多くの仲介が同じ物件を広告するため重複掲載は一般的で、同じ住まいがわずかに異なる価格や写真で現れることがあります。ポータルで候補を見つけ市場を理解したら、具体的な物件の本格的な調査に移りましょう。\n「未公開」の主張と比較事例\n緊急性を演出する「未公開」「専任」の主張には懐疑的になりましょう。本物のこともありますが、しばしば営業手法です。どの経路でも、募集価格を証拠で確認します。国交省の不動産情報ライブラリとREINSの市場情報は取引事例を提供し、募集価格に頼らず類似物件の実際の成約額を見られます。データは遅れ得、物件はそれぞれ異なりますが、比較事例は掲載の楽観的な数字を払う解毒剤です。\n押さえておきたい要点：複数のポータルと仲介を使う。重複掲載は一般的。ポータルは広告と発見のツールで、権利・法務・建物の調査ではない。判断を急がせる「未公開」「専任」の主張に懐疑的になる。募集価格を国交省の取引事例やREINSの市場情報で確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/finding-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portals","guide:compare-property-listings","guide:real-estate-agents-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"reins-market","publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","title":"REINS Market Information","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:real-estate-agents-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:real-estate-agents-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の不動産仲介と付き合う","plainText":"その仲介が実際に誰を代理するか尋ねます。掲載ブローカーは売主を代理または売主に依存し得、両手仲介や直接取引は利益相反を生み、手数料には法定上限があります。支払う前に免許を確認しましょう。\n仲介の役割・代理・手数料・利益相反・免許。\nその仲介が誰を代理し、両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。\n掲載ブローカーはしばしば売主を代理または経済的に依存する。\n仲介手数料には法定の上限がある。\n支払う前に免許と行政処分の有無を確認する。\n仲介はどちらの側か\n多くの仲介は手数料制で、掲載ブローカーは売主を代理または経済的に依存し得るため、その動機は自動的にあなたと一致しません。誰を代理するか、双方の代理（両手仲介）か、売買に直接の利害があるかを直接尋ねましょう。不動産ポータルや「英語サイト」は、その会社が仲介か、メディア/紹介業か、管理会社かを教えてくれないため、助言に頼る前に関係と動機を確かめましょう。\n手数料と免許\n仲介手数料は、価格と取引に応じた法定上限の対象で、一般的な価格では簡易式＋消費税で計算されるのが通常です。売主から直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主の仲介手数料がないことが多いですが、取引の形を確認しましょう。支払う前に、国交省と都道府県の免許記録で会社の免許と行政処分の有無を確認します。これは無料で、正規で処分歴のない仲介と取引していることを確かめられます。\n押さえておきたい要点：その仲介が誰を代理し、両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。掲載ブローカーはしばしば売主を代理または経済的に依存する。仲介手数料には法定の上限がある。支払う前に免許と行政処分の有無を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/real-estate-agents-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-brokerage-commission","faq:loan-developer-brokerage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees","guide:buyers-agents"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"reins-market","publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","title":"REINS Market Information","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-viewing-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:property-viewing-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の物件内見","plainText":"物件は繰り返し内見します。昼・夜・平日・雨の後に見て、実際の使える広さを採寸し、騒音・日当たり・匂い・振動・アクセス・近隣を確認してから判断します。\n複数回の訪問・騒音・日当たり・匂い・アクセス・採寸・近隣。\n可能なら昼・夜・平日・雨の後に訪れる。\n掲載面積を信じず、実際の使える広さを採寸する。\n匂い・交通・電車の振動・日当たり・隣接建物を確認する。\n駅から徒歩で歩き、ゴミ収集・配達・電波を確認する。\n複数回訪れる\n一度の昼の内見では多くが隠れます。昼と夜、平日と週末、可能なら雨の後に訪れ、駅から徒歩で歩いて実際の通勤を体感します。午後2時に静かな通りも朝8時や金曜の夜は騒がしいことがあり、夏に明るい部屋も冬は暗いことがあり、乾いた敷地も大雨で浸水することがあります。異なる時間の複数回の訪問が、演出された内見の隠すものを明らかにします。\n現地で確認すること\n掲載面積（壁や使えない隅を含み得る）を信じず、実際の使える広さを採寸します。匂い・交通と電車の振動・日当たりとそれを遮る隣接建物・ゴミ収集と配達のアクセス・電波・避難経路を確認します。可能なら近隣と話し、日々気になりそうなことを控えます。物件の種類・築年・立地・優先事項に合わせた内見チェックリストがあれば、第一印象に流されず体系的に見られます。\n押さえておきたい要点：可能なら昼・夜・平日・雨の後に訪れる。掲載面積を信じず、実際の使える広さを採寸する。匂い・交通・電車の振動・日当たり・隣接建物を確認する。駅から徒歩で歩き、ゴミ収集・配達・電波を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-viewing-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-inspections","guide:evaluating-used-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:making-property-offer:ja","entityId":"guide:making-property-offer","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の物件に買付を入れる","plainText":"買付証明書を提出し、価格・手付・融資条件・希望引渡日・付帯設備・検査/リフォームの立入を明確にします。それ自体は通常拘束力がありませんが、文言と行動は依然重要です。\n買付証明書・価格・条件・付帯設備・リフォームの立入。\n買付証明書は価格・手付・融資条件・引渡日を明確にする。\n付帯設備・瑕疵の扱い・測量・検査・リフォームの立入を明記する。\nそれ自体は通常拘束力がないが、文言と行動は重要。\n買付の前に事前審査を取るほうが安全。\n買付証明書\n買付は買付証明書の提出で行います。価格・手付・融資条件・希望引渡日・付帯設備・瑕疵の扱い・測量・検査・リフォームの立入を明確にするために使います。これらが明確なほど後の紛争は減ります。買付証明書はそれ自体通常拘束力がありませんが、文言と行動は依然重要で、売主が信頼し得るため、その条件で買う準備のない物件に軽々しく買付しないこと。\n買付の前に\n買付の前に事前審査を持つほうが安全で、価格が融資可能と分かり信頼性をもって動けます。買付は交渉とその後の契約の枠組みを決めるため、提出前に必要な条件（特に契約に入る住宅ローン特約）を考え抜きましょう。検査やリフォームを予定するなら、後で当然と仮定せず、買付で立入の権利を確保しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：買付証明書は価格・手付・融資条件・引渡日を明確にする。付帯設備・瑕疵の扱い・測量・検査・リフォームの立入を明記する。それ自体は通常拘束力がないが、文言と行動は重要。買付の前に事前審査を取るほうが安全。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/making-property-offer","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-preapproval","guide:important-matters-explanation","guide:property-purchase-contract"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:important-matters-explanation:ja","entityId":"guide:important-matters-explanation","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"重要事項説明","plainText":"重要事項説明は宅地建物取引士が行い、権利・法規制・接道・インフラ・災害情報・借地・管理・手付・解除を扱います。署名直前でなく早めに書類を入手しましょう。\n権利・接道・用途地域・災害・インフラ・解除・管理。\n宅地建物取引士が契約前に重要な事実を説明する。\n権利・法規制・接道・インフラ・災害情報・借地・管理を扱う。\n手付・解除権など重要事項も扱う。\n圧力下で署名せず、確認し質問できるよう書類を早めに入手する。\n説明が扱う内容\n重要事項説明は、売買契約の前に宅地建物取引士が行う、法で義務づけられた開示です。権利・法規制・接道・インフラ・災害情報・借地条件・建物管理・手付・解除権など重要事項を扱います。隠れた問題（借地・再建築不可・地役権・管理の紛争・災害リスク）が表面化するはずの場所なので、全行を読み、不明点はすべて質問しましょう。\n書類を早めに入手する\nよくあり避けられる失敗は、重要事項の書類を署名直前に初めて見ることで、そのときは咀嚼も相談もする時間がありません。理想的には数日前に早めに入手し、細部を確認し、権利や災害情報を照合し、複雑な点（借地・再建築不可・管理紛争）があれば専門家に相談しましょう。売主や仲介が事前の書類提供を渋るなら、形式でなく警告信号と捉えましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：宅地建物取引士が契約前に重要な事実を説明する。権利・法規制・接道・インフラ・災害情報・借地・管理を扱う。手付・解除権など重要事項も扱う。圧力下で署名せず、確認し質問できるよう書類を早めに入手する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/important-matters-explanation","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-purchase-contract","guide:property-land-rights","guide:non-rebuildable-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-purchase-contract:ja","entityId":"guide:property-purchase-contract","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の不動産売買契約","plainText":"売買契約は義務・期限・違反と解除の条件・住宅ローン特約を定めます。すべての期限と手付のルールを理解し、署名前に専門家の確認を受けましょう。\n契約の構成・義務・期限・違反・専門家の確認。\n契約は義務・期限・違反・解除の条件を定める。\n住宅ローン特約は、融資不成立時に手付が戻るかを左右する。\n期限を逃すと手付の没収や違約金にさらされ得る。\n署名前に専門家に契約を確認してもらう。\n契約の構成と義務\n売買契約は、当事者の義務・支払いと決済の期限・違反の扱い・解除権を、住宅ローン特約とともに定める拘束力ある文書です。すべての期限が重要です。融資の申込と承認の期限、引渡日、解除権を行使する期限など。期限を逃すと手付の没収や違約金を招き得るため、日付を整理し余裕を持たせましょう。\n署名前の専門家確認\n住宅ローン特約と手付のルールを理解する前に売買契約に署名しないこと。住宅ローン特約は、所定の融資が不成立の場合に、契約の条件を満たしたときに限り手付が返還されるかを決めます。特殊な点（借地・再建築不可・複雑な権利・大きな取引）があれば、署名前に専門家に契約を確認してもらいましょう。確認の費用は手付や価格に比べれば小さく、安く問題を捉えられる最後の機会です。\n押さえておきたい要点：契約は義務・期限・違反・解除の条件を定める。住宅ローン特約は、融資不成立時に手付が戻るかを左右する。期限を逃すと手付の没収や違約金にさらされ得る。署名前に専門家に契約を確認してもらう。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-purchase-contract","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-financing-clause","faq:loan-deposit-returned","faq:loan-earnest-money-size"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:important-matters-explanation","guide:property-deposits","guide:mortgage-financing-clause"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-deposits:ja","entityId":"guide:property-deposits","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"手付金と諸費用の預け金","plainText":"手付金は追加費用でなく代金の一部で、一般に5〜10%程度ですが必須ではありません。融資不成立時に返還されるかは、契約の住宅ローン特約とその要件を満たしたか次第です。\n一般的な構成・解除・融資不成立・返還条件。\n手付金は決済時に代金へ充当。取引が成立すれば追加費用ではない。\n一般に5〜10%だが、普遍的な必須割合はない。\n解除権・期限・違約金を理解する。\n融資不成立での返還は、住宅ローン特約が適用され要件を満たした場合のみ。\n手付金とは\n手付金は契約時に支払う代金の一部で、追加費用ではありません。取引が成立すれば決済時に代金へ充当されます。市場慣行は概ね5〜10%ですが、普遍的な必須割合はなく、金額は交渉で決まります。手付が伴う解除権を理解しましょう。多くの契約では、所定の時点まで、買主は手付放棄で、売主は手付倍返しで解除できますが、期限や違約金の条件は異なります。\n融資不成立での返還\n住宅ローン利用者の重要な問いは、融資が不成立の場合に手付が戻るかです。答えは、契約の住宅ローン特約が適用され、その要件（指定の金融機関・金額・期限、そして誠実に申込・遂行したこと）を満たした場合のみ、です。だからこそ住宅ローン特約は丁寧に取り決める必要があり、理解する前に署名すべきではありません。特約が適用されない、または条件を満たさなかった場合、手付は危険にさらされ得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：手付金は決済時に代金へ充当。取引が成立すれば追加費用ではない。一般に5〜10%だが、普遍的な必須割合はない。解除権・期限・違約金を理解する。融資不成立での返還は、住宅ローン特約が適用され要件を満たした場合のみ。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-deposits","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-earnest-money-size","faq:loan-earnest-extra-cost","faq:loan-deposit-returned"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-purchase-contract","guide:mortgage-financing-clause","guide:property-closing-costs"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-financing-clause:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-financing-clause","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン特約（融資特約）","plainText":"住宅ローン特約は、所定の融資が不成立の場合に解除して手付を取り戻せる条項ですが、金融機関と金額を明記し明確な期限を設け、あなたが誠実に申し込む義務を果たした場合に限ります。\n指定の金融機関・金額・期限・買主の義務・手付のリスク。\n特約は金融機関・金額・申込と承認の期限を明記すべき。\n融資不成立時に手付を取り戻せるかを左右する。\n誠実に期限までに申し込むなど、義務を果たす必要がある。\n不十分な特約は手付を危険にさらし得る。\n特約の働き\n住宅ローン特約は住宅ローン利用者の中核の保護です。特約に基づき所定の融資が不成立の場合に、契約を解除して手付を取り戻せます。機能するには、金融機関・金額・申込と承認の期限を明記し、融資が否決された場合に手付がどうなるかを明確に定めるべきです。頼る前に、金融機関・金額・申込期限・承認期限・返還条件を確認しましょう。\nあなたの義務と手付のリスク\n特約があなたを守るのは、義務を果たした場合のみです。主に、指定のローンに誠実に期限までに申し込み、自ら不成立を招かない（新規借入や転職などをしない）ことです。特約が実際の不成立の仕方に当てはまらない、または期限を逃した場合、手付は危険にさらされ得ます。文言が決定的なため、特約を理解する前に売買契約に署名せず、取引が大きい・特殊なら確認を受けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：特約は金融機関・金額・申込と承認の期限を明記すべき。融資不成立時に手付を取り戻せるかを左右する。誠実に期限までに申し込むなど、義務を果たす必要がある。不十分な特約は手付を危険にさらし得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-financing-clause","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-financing-clause","faq:loan-deposit-returned","faq:loan-change-jobs"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-deposits","guide:property-purchase-contract","guide:preapproval-final-approval"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:home-inspections:ja","entityId":"guide:home-inspections","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の住宅検査（建物状況調査）","plainText":"建物状況調査は、目視・計測可能な劣化を調べます。制度は仲介に検査のあっせんと開示を求めますが、無欠陥を保証せず、金融機関の担保評価は構造検査ではありません。\n中古住宅の検査・その限界・独立性・報告・保証。\n登録検査人が所定部位の目視・計測可能な劣化を調べる。\n制度は仲介に検査のあっせんと開示を求める。\n検査は無欠陥を保証しない。\n売主や施工業者から独立した検査人を選ぶ。\n検査が対象とする範囲\n中古住宅では、可能なら独立した有資格の検査人に依頼します。日本の検査制度の下で、登録された建物状況調査の検査人が、所定部位の目視・計測可能な劣化を調べます。法制度は仲介に検査のあっせんと開示への対応を求めるため、取引でこの話題は出るはずです。ただし検査は見えて計測できる範囲の状態調査であり保証ではなく、金融機関の担保評価は担保価値の評価であって構造検査ではありません。\n限界と独立性\n検査は隠れた瑕疵がないことを保証しません。その時点で見えて計測できるものを報告するため、構造的・隠蔽された・断続的な問題は見落とされ得ます。あなたが選び、売主や施工業者から独立した検査人を選びましょう。売却成立や修繕受注への利害で報告が歪まないようにするためです。見た目が改装済みだからと検査を省かないこと。新しい仕上げが先送りした構造工事を隠し得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：登録検査人が所定部位の目視・計測可能な劣化を調べる。制度は仲介に検査のあっせんと開示を求める。検査は無欠陥を保証しない。売主や施工業者から独立した検査人を選ぶ。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/home-inspections","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-inspection","faq:loan-inspection-guarantee","faq:loan-who-selects-inspector"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-inspection-services","guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:property-defects-warranties"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-inspection","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Existing-home condition inspection framework","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-closing-registration:ja","entityId":"guide:property-closing-registration","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"決済と登記","plainText":"決済では買主が残代金を払い、融資が実行され、鍵と占有が移り、司法書士が所有権移転と抵当権設定を登記します。空き渡し・インフラ・税や費用の按分・想定外の担保がないことを確認します。\n残代金・融資実行・鍵・司法書士・登記。\n買主が残代金を払い、同日に融資が実行される。\n決済で鍵と占有が移る。\n司法書士が所有権移転と抵当権設定を登記する。\n空き渡し・インフラ・税や費用の按分・想定外の担保がないことを確認する。\n決済で起きること\n決済は取引が完了する日です。買主が代金の残額を払い、融資が実行され、鍵と占有が移り、司法書士が通常、所有権移転登記と金融機関の抵当権設定登記を行います。これらは多くの場合まとめて（多くは銀行で）行われ、司法書士が書類を確認してから資金が動きます。司法書士の役割は、登記を準備・申請し、決済の手続きを確認することです。\n確認すること\n決済の前と当日に、空き渡し（物件が空で占有できる状態）、インフラの手配、売主と買主の間で税や費用が正しく按分されていること、すべての書類が揃っていること、権利に想定外の担保がないことを確認します。司法書士は登記側を確認しますが、占有と金銭の按分は自分で納得しましょう。資金が動き登記が申請されれば住まいはあなたのものになるため、不一致は実行の後でなく前に指摘しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：買主が残代金を払い、同日に融資が実行される。決済で鍵と占有が移る。司法書士が所有権移転と抵当権設定を登記する。空き渡し・インフラ・税や費用の按分・想定外の担保がないことを確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-closing-registration","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-judicial-scrivener","faq:loan-prorate-fixed-asset"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:judicial-scrivener-property","guide:property-registration-costs","guide:after-buying-home"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"moj-inheritance-registration","publisher":"Ministry of Justice","title":"Mandatory inheritance land registration","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-purchase-documents:ja","entityId":"guide:property-purchase-documents","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産購入に必要な書類","plainText":"本人確認と住民票、収入と税の書類、物件書類、売買契約と重要事項説明、そして特に外国人居住者は資金の出所の証拠の提出を見込みます。\n本人確認・収入・税・物件・契約・資金の出所の書類。\n本人確認と住民：在留カード/マイナンバー、住民票。\n収入と税：源泉徴収票・課税証明、自営は確定申告。\n物件と契約：売買契約・重要事項説明・物件書類。\n資金の出所：頭金の証拠、必要なら翻訳した海外明細。\n書類一式\n住宅ローンでの購入はいくつかの書類群をまとめます。本人確認と住民：求めに応じた在留カードとマイナンバー関連の税書類、住民票。収入と税：会社員は源泉徴収票と課税証明、自営は複数年の確定申告。物件と契約：売買契約・重要事項説明・物件書類。住宅ローンではさらに、在職証明と団信のための保険/健康の告知を加えます。\n資金の出所（特に外国人居住者）\n頭金とその出所の証拠はますます重要で、特に外国人居住者や海外から資金を持ち込む人にとってそうです。必要なら翻訳した海外の銀行明細の提示を見込み、資金をどう蓄えたか説明できるようにします。非開示の消費者信用で頭金を借りないこと。非開示の借入は危険で、否決や虚偽の懸念を招き得ます。書類を整理し、事前審査での申告と一貫させましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：本人確認と住民：在留カード/マイナンバー、住民票。収入と税：源泉徴収票・課税証明、自営は確定申告。物件と契約：売買契約・重要事項説明・物件書類。資金の出所：頭金の証拠、必要なら翻訳した海外明細。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-purchase-documents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-income-documents","faq:loan-borrow-down-payment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-income-documents","guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:mortgage-document-checklist"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:after-buying-home:ja","entityId":"guide:after-buying-home","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"家を買った後にすること","plainText":"入居後は、初年度の住宅ローン控除など税の申告を行い、住所変更をし、契約と費用の証拠を保管し、瑕疵の通知期限を控え、修繕積立を始め、保険を毎年見直します。\n税の申告・記録・保険・修繕・住所変更・瑕疵の期限。\n初年度の住宅ローン控除など税の申告を行う。\n住所変更をし記録を更新する。\n契約・重要事項説明・費用の証拠を保管する。\n瑕疵の通知期限を控え、修繕積立を始め、保険を毎年見直す。\n税の申告と記録\n住宅ローン控除は通常、初年度に確定申告が必要なので申告します。控除は年末の適格なローン残高に基づき、自動ではありません。住民票・公共料金・銀行・金融機関で住所を変更します。売買契約・重要事項説明・請求書・登記・ローン記録・リフォームの証拠を保管しましょう。この費用の証拠は、後で売却時の譲渡所得の取得費や、保証・瑕疵の請求に必要になります。\n瑕疵・積立・保険\n契約の瑕疵通知期限を確認します。新築・中古とも、適格な瑕疵を売主に通知すべき期間があり、逃すと保護を失い得ます。修繕積立を始めましょう。マンションは組合が集めますが、一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・設備・構造のために同等を自己資金で用意します。火災・地震保険を毎年見直し、地震保険は火災保険と別建てで上限があることを覚えておきましょう。これらの早い習慣が、人生最大の買い物を守ります。\n押さえておきたい要点：初年度の住宅ローン控除など税の申告を行う。住所変更をし記録を更新する。契約・重要事項説明・費用の証拠を保管する。瑕疵の通知期限を控え、修繕積立を始め、保険を毎年見直す。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/after-buying-home","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-file-first-year","faq:loan-records-keep"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-tax-deduction","guide:property-defects-warranties","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-mortgage-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Housing-loan tax deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"gia-earthquake","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Earthquake insurance guidance","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:evaluating-used-property:ja","entityId":"guide:evaluating-used-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"中古住宅を評価する","plainText":"耐震基準・構造の状態・維持履歴・瑕疵・災害リスク・法適合・売却の流動性を評価します。古い＝悪いとは限らず、新しい改装が先送りの構造工事を隠し得ます。\n構造・築年・瑕疵・検査・改装・法適合。\n耐震基準・構造・維持履歴を確認する。\n独立した検査を依頼する。新しい仕上げが先送り工事を隠し得る。\n法適合（再建築可否・接道・セットバック）を確認する。\n災害リスクと現実的な売却の流動性を評価する。\n中古住宅で評価すること\n中古住宅は新築より自動的に危険というわけではありませんが、複数の観点で評価が必要です。耐震基準（一般に1981年6月1日以降の許可と関連づけられますが、建物固有の構造・改修・基礎・地盤・維持も重要）、構造の状態と維持履歴、瑕疵、災害リスク、法適合、売却の流動性です。新築より低い価格は、履歴を確認できる既知の建物を引き受ける報酬です。リスクは確認し損ねたものにあります。\n検査と法適合\n可能なら独立した有資格の検査人に依頼し、改装済みに見えるからと検査を省かないこと。新しい仕上げが先送りの構造工事を隠し得ます。法適合は別途確認します。再建築可能か、十分な接道があるか、セットバックを満たすか、現行の用途地域に適合するか。再建築不可の物件ははるかに安いものの、融資・保険・改装・売却の重大な制約を伴います。これらは掲載を信じず、重要事項説明と関係窓口で確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：耐震基準・構造・維持履歴を確認する。独立した検査を依頼する。新しい仕上げが先送り工事を隠し得る。法適合（再建築可否・接道・セットバック）を確認する。災害リスクと現実的な売却の流動性を評価する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/evaluating-used-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-avoid-pre-1981","faq:loan-inspection-guarantee"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:earthquake-standards","guide:home-inspections","guide:non-rebuildable-property","guide:property-defects-warranties"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-inspection","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Existing-home condition inspection framework","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:evaluating-condominium:ja","entityId":"guide:evaluating-condominium","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マンションを評価する","plainText":"マンションは管理組合次第です。積立残高と積立方法・滞納・長期修繕計画と議事録・予定される大規模工事・保険・訴訟を確認します。積立を不足させる安い月費用は将来の一時金です。\n修繕積立金・管理・滞納・議事録・大規模修繕・訴訟。\n積立残高・積立方法・急な段階増額かを確認する。\n滞納・組合借入・長期修繕計画を確認する。\n議事録で紛争・予定工事・運営を読む。\n積立を不足させる安い月費用は将来の一時金。\n組合に加わるということ\nマンションを買うことは、その組合の財務と運営に加わることなので、住戸と同じくらい丁寧に確認します。㎡あたりの修繕積立金残高と現行の月額積立、積立方法（均等か急な逓増か）、長期（30年以上）修繕計画とその更新日、次の大規模工事の見込みと不足額、所有者の滞納、組合の借入、管理費の推移、商業・不在所有の集中を確認します。国交省は段階増額から均等な積立への移行を特に推奨しています。\n議事録・訴訟・予定工事\n議事録を読みましょう。未解決の紛争・不評な決定・出席状況・運営の実態が分かります。保険と地震保障、未解決の訴訟を確認します。予定されるエレベーター・配管・外壁・耐震の工事を見ます。これらが積立を直撃する大きな費用だからです。将来の一時金を生むなら、今の安い月費用を良いと評価すべきではありません。信頼できる計画を持つ十分な積立の組合は、不足を隠す安い費用より価値があります。\n押さえておきたい要点：積立残高・積立方法・急な段階増額かを確認する。滞納・組合借入・長期修繕計画を確認する。議事録で紛争・予定工事・運営を読む。積立を不足させる安い月費用は将来の一時金。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/evaluating-condominium","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-check","faq:loan-condo-fees","faq:loan-repair-reserve","faq:loan-special-assessment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:condo-repair-reserve","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:condominium-rules","guide:condo-financial-health"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-repair-plan","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Condominium long-term repair plan guidance","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:condo-repair-reserve:ja","entityId":"guide:condo-repair-reserve","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マンションの修繕積立金の解説","plainText":"修繕積立金は大規模修繕を賄います。急な段階増額計画の下の低い現行積立は不足を残し一時金になり得ます。国交省は急な逓増より均等な積立を推奨しています。\n毎月の積立・段階増額・一時金・積立不足。\n修繕積立金は長期の資本工事のために貯める。管理費は貯めない。\n段階増額計画は安く始まり急に上がり、不足のリスクがある。\n不足は一時金（追加の一括負担）になる。\n国交省は均等な積立への移行を推奨する。\n積立金が賄うもの\n修繕積立金は、大規模修繕（屋根・外壁・エレベーター・配管・防水・耐震工事）のために貯めるお金です。通常運営を賄い将来のために貯めない管理費とは別です。建物を評価するときは、㎡あたりの積立残高と月額を見ます。信頼できる長期計画を持つ十分な積立は大きな費用が手当てされていることを意味し、薄い積立は工事の時期に所有者がお金を工面しなければならないことを意味します。\n段階増額と積立不足\n多くの建物は、低い積立で始め時間とともに急に上げる段階増額計画を使います。これは初期の月費用を魅力的に見せますが、不足を生み得ます。計画どおりに進まない、または費用が見積りを超えると、積立が不足し、大規模工事が必要なときに所有者は一時金（追加の一括負担）に直面します。国交省は段階増額から均等な積立への早い移行を特に推奨しています。建物を比較するときは、極端に低い現行の積立費用を利点でなく警告と捉えましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：修繕積立金は長期の資本工事のために貯める。管理費は貯めない。段階増額計画は安く始まり急に上がり、不足のリスクがある。不足は一時金（追加の一括負担）になる。国交省は均等な積立への移行を推奨する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/condo-repair-reserve","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-repair-reserve","faq:loan-reserve-rise","faq:loan-special-assessment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:condo-financial-health"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-repair-plan","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Condominium long-term repair plan guidance","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:earthquake-standards:ja","entityId":"guide:earthquake-standards","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の耐震基準を理解する","plainText":"主要な基準の移行は一般に1981年6月1日以降の許可（「新耐震基準」）と関連づけられますが、それは基準の目安であって建物固有の保証ではありません。構造・改修・基礎・地盤・不整形・維持・書類がすべて依然重要です。\n1981年の移行・書類・耐震改修・地盤と構造。\n「新耐震基準」は一般に1981年6月1日以降の許可と関連づけられる。\nそれは基準の目安であり、建物固有の保証ではない。\n構造・改修履歴・基礎・地盤・維持は依然重要。\n1981年以前の建物を一律に避けない。個別に検査する。\n1981年の移行\n耐震適合は、建物が「新耐震」かを尋ねる以上のことを要します。主要な基準の移行は一般に1981年6月1日以降の許可と関連づけられ、その日以降に許可された建物は概ね新しい基準を反映します。しかしこれは基準の目安であり、特定の建物の保証ではありません。実際の耐震性能は、構造・改修履歴・基礎・地盤・構造の不整形・維持・入手できる書類によります。維持の悪い1981年以降の建物は、よく改修された古い建物より劣ることがあります。\n個別を検査する\n1981年以前の建物を一律に避けず、改修・構造・地盤・維持・書類を検査しましょう。マンションでは、構造報告・改修履歴・長期修繕計画・議事録・積立残高・予定される耐震工事を確認します。一戸建てでは、基礎と地盤を考え検査を依頼します。日付は出発点のふるいであって結論ではありません。目標は、この特定の建物が実際どう挙動するか、必要な改修が計画・資金手当てされているかを理解することです。\n押さえておきたい要点：「新耐震基準」は一般に1981年6月1日以降の許可と関連づけられる。それは基準の目安であり、建物固有の保証ではない。構造・改修履歴・基礎・地盤・維持は依然重要。1981年以前の建物を一律に避けない。個別に検査する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/earthquake-standards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-new-seismic","faq:loan-avoid-pre-1981"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance","guide:hazard-maps"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-repair-plan","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Condominium long-term repair plan guidance","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-inspection","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Existing-home condition inspection framework","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:hazard-maps:ja","entityId":"guide:hazard-maps","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のハザードマップの使い方","plainText":"公式のハザードマップは、モデル化された浸水・内水氾濫・土砂・津波・高潮・液状化・活断層のリスクを示します。使うべきですが、シナリオを描くものであり色のない場所が無リスクだと証明しません。地元の地図と現地観察を組み合わせましょう。\n浸水・内水氾濫・津波・液状化・土砂と、その限界。\n浸水・内水氾濫・土砂・津波・高潮・液状化のリスクを確認する。\nハザードマップはモデル化されたシナリオで、保証ではない。\n色のない区域の外でも安全とは証明されない。\n公式地図に地元の地図と現地観察を組み合わせる。\nハザードマップが示すもの\n災害の確認には、公式の浸水・内水氾濫・土砂・津波・高潮・液状化・活断層・避難の情報を含めるべきです。日本のハザードマップポータルと国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは、特定の住所についてこのデータを利用可能にし、決める前にモデル化されたリスクを見られます。最も明白なものだけでなく、その場所に関係するすべての災害を確認しましょう。川から離れた物件でも、地形により内水氾濫・液状化・土砂のリスクに直面し得ます。\nその限界\nハザードマップはモデル化されたシナリオを描き、色のない場所が無リスクだと証明しません。モデルは仮定に基づき、実際の災害はそれを超え得ます。色のない区域の外にあることは安心材料ですが保証ではないため、公式地図に地元の地図と現地観察を補いましょう。敷地を歩き、傾斜と排水を確認し、大雨で水がどう流れるかを見て、過去の浸水を近隣に尋ねます。地図は、より広い判断への強力な入力の一つとして使い、安全の最終結論とはしないこと。\n押さえておきたい要点：浸水・内水氾濫・土砂・津波・高潮・液状化のリスクを確認する。ハザードマップはモデル化されたシナリオで、保証ではない。色のない区域の外でも安全とは証明されない。公式地図に地元の地図と現地観察を組み合わせる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/hazard-maps","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-hazard-map","faq:loan-outside-hazard-zone"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:choosing-property-area","guide:earthquake-standards","guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-hazard-map","publisher":"国土交通省","title":"ハザードマップポータル","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-land-rights:ja","entityId":"guide:property-land-rights","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"所有権と日本の土地の権利","plainText":"所有権は法と税に服する永続的な所有ですが、所有権でも境界・接道・地役権・権利の確認が必要です。高い取得価格は所有を買うものであり、これらの確認からの自由ではありません。\n所有・境界・道路・地役権・接道・権利。\n所有権は法と税に服する永続的な所有。\n所有権でも境界・接道・地役権・アクセスを確認する。\n接道とセットバックは再建築可否と価値に影響する。\n購入前に権利と登記された権利関係を確認する。\n所有権が与えるもの\n所有権は、固定された借地の期限がなく、法と税に服する土地の所有で、多くの買い手が望む一般的で融資可能な形です。借地権より取得価格は高いものの、融資も売却もはるかに容易です。所有権が既定なのは、貸し手も将来の買い手も分かりやすく、借地の地代・承諾・更新の複雑さがないからです。\n所有権でも確認は必要\n高い価格は所有を買うのであり、確認からの自由を買うのではありません。所有権でも、境界（境界紛争や未確定の測量は売却を妨げ得る）、接道とセットバック（再建築可否と価値に影響）、土地の上下の地役権や通行権、登記された権利を確認します。これらはまさに重要事項説明が扱うべき問題で、表面的に単純な購入が実際の問題を隠し得る場所です。買った後でなく買う前に確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：所有権は法と税に服する永続的な所有。所有権でも境界・接道・地役権・アクセスを確認する。接道とセットバックは再建築可否と価値に影響する。購入前に権利と登記された権利関係を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-land-rights","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-freehold"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:freehold-vs-leasehold","guide:leasehold-property","guide:non-rebuildable-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:leasehold-property:ja","entityId":"guide:leasehold-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の借地権付き物件","plainText":"借地権は他人が所有する土地を使う権利です。取得価格を下げる一方、地代・更新/建替/譲渡の承諾・融資と売却の制約を加えます。旧法借地と定期借地は大きく異なるため、専門家の確認を受けましょう。\n旧法・定期の権利、地代、承諾、融資、売却。\n借地権は他人が所有する土地を使う権利。\n地代を払い、更新・建替・譲渡に通常は承諾が必要。\n旧法借地は強い保護を持ち得るが評価が複雑。\n定期借地は定めた期間で終わり、短くなるほど価値を失う。\n旧法借地と定期借地\n借地権は立地によっては取得価格を下げますが、他人が所有する土地を使う権利なので、地代を払い、更新・建替・譲渡に通常は地主の承諾が必要です。種類は大きく異なります。旧法借地は強い借地人保護を持ち得ますが評価と地主承諾の問題が複雑で、定期借地権は定めた期間で終わり、終期が近づくにつれ残存期間の短縮が価値と融資を損ないます。\n融資・売却・専門家の確認\n借地権の実務的なリスクは融資と売却にあります。貸し手は借地権、特に残存期間の短い定期借地の融資に慎重なことがあり、将来の買い手もあなたが検討すべき同じ問題（地代・承諾条件・残存期間・融資可否）を検討します。これらの細部の条件の専門家確認なしに借地権を買わないこと。掲載価格の利点は本物ですが制約も本物で、それは表面の数字でなく借地契約の中にあります。\n押さえておきたい要点：借地権は他人が所有する土地を使う権利。地代を払い、更新・建替・譲渡に通常は承諾が必要。旧法借地は強い保護を持ち得るが評価が複雑。定期借地は定めた期間で終わり、短くなるほど価値を失う。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/leasehold-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-leasehold","faq:loan-leasehold-bad","faq:loan-fixed-term-leasehold"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:freehold-vs-leasehold","guide:property-land-rights","guide:non-rebuildable-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:non-rebuildable-property:ja","entityId":"guide:non-rebuildable-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"再建築不可物件","plainText":"再建築不可物件は、現在の接道や都市計画のルールの下で建て替えの許可を通常受けられません。安いものの、主流の融資は難しく、LTVは低く、改装・保険・売却がいずれも制約されます。\n接道・融資・保険・改装・売却・解体。\n現行の接道・都市計画のルールでは通常建て替えられない。\n主流の融資は難しく、LTVは低いことが多い。\n改装・保険・売却がいずれも制約される。\n低価格は重大で持続する制約を映す。専門家の確認を。\n再建築不可とは\n再建築不可物件は、現行の接道や都市計画のルールの下で建て替えの許可を通常受けられない物件で、多くは十分な接道がない（敷地が法定道路への必要な間口幅を満たさない）ためです。既存の建物は通常使用・修繕できますが、解体・滅失すると新築は概ねできません。この一つの事実が、物件のリスクと価値のすべてを左右します。\n重大な融資・保険・売却の制約\n再建築不可物件の低価格は、重大で持続する制約を映します。貸し手の担保が再建できないため、主流の住宅ローン融資は難しくLTVも低いことが多いです。保険と改装が制約され、将来の買い手が同じ問題に直面するため売却も困難です。専門家の確認なしに再建築不可物件を買わないこと。接道や敷地の状況を改善する方法がまれにありますが、複雑で不確実で、既定の前提は制約が恒久的であることとすべきです。\n押さえておきたい要点：現行の接道・都市計画のルールでは通常建て替えられない。主流の融資は難しく、LTVは低いことが多い。改装・保険・売却がいずれも制約される。低価格は重大で持続する制約を映す。専門家の確認を。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/non-rebuildable-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-non-rebuildable","faq:loan-mortgage-non-rebuildable"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leasehold-property","guide:property-land-rights","guide:akiya-vacant-homes"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:akiya-vacant-homes:ja","entityId":"guide:akiya-vacant-homes","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"空き家（アキヤ）","plainText":"2023年の調査で日本の空き家は約900万戸（空き家率13.8%）でしたが、900万件の掘り出し物ではありません。多くは需要の弱い立地で権利・接道・構造に問題があり、改装費が価格を超え得ます。\n権利・インフラ・接道・瑕疵・改装・地域需要。\n2023年住宅・土地統計調査で空き家は約900万戸（空き家率13.8%）。\n多くは需要の弱い立地で権利・接道・構造に問題がある。\n古い空き家の改装費は購入価格を超え得る。\n購入前に権利・接道・構造・インフラ・需要を十分に調べる。\n900万戸だが900万件の掘り出し物ではない\n2023年の住宅・土地統計調査で、日本の空き家は約900万戸、空き家率は13.8%でした。この見出しは掘り出し物を探す人を惹きますが、900万件の実行可能な投資機会を意味しません。多くの空き家は需要の弱い立地にあり、権利・接道・構造の問題を抱え、または採算の合わない改装を要します。安い、または無料の空き家も、住めて売れる状態にする費用を数えると高くつき得ます。\n空き家を買う前の確認\n空き家を買う前に、権利（相続人や不明確な所有はよくある）、接道（間口と再建築可否）、構造、インフラ（水道・排水・浄化槽は高額になり得る）、改装の範囲、地域需要を十分に確認します。隠れた構造・屋根・配管・浄化槽・処分の工事が価格を超え得、縮小する地域では売却が遅い、または不可能なこともあります。空き家は、適切な立地の適切な買い手には本物の機会になり得ますが、それはこの確認の後であり、低価格だけを頼りにするものではありません。\n押さえておきたい要点：2023年住宅・土地統計調査で空き家は約900万戸（空き家率13.8%）。多くは需要の弱い立地で権利・接道・構造に問題がある。古い空き家の改装費は購入価格を超え得る。購入前に権利・接道・構造・インフラ・需要を十分に調べる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/akiya-vacant-homes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-vacant-house","faq:loan-vacant-cheap-renovate","faq:loan-resale-difficult"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:non-rebuildable-property","guide:renovation-costs-financing","guide:property-resale-value"]},"sources":[{"id":"stat-housing-survey","publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","title":"Housing and Land Survey","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:stigmatized-property:ja","entityId":"guide:stigmatized-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"心理的瑕疵物件","plainText":"心理的瑕疵物件は、重大な心理的な出来事や事情に関連する物件です。割引で売られ得ますが、告知の紛争・入居や売却の抵抗・評判リスクがあるため、事実と告知ルールを丁寧に確認すべきです。\n告知・評価・賃貸・売却・確認。\n重大な心理的な出来事や事情に関連する。\n割引で売られ得るが、告知と売却のリスクを伴う。\n告知は事実・時期・取引・法的指針による。\n購入前に事実と告知義務を確認する。\n心理的瑕疵物件とは\n心理的瑕疵物件は、取引に影響する重大な心理的な出来事や事情に関連する物件で、物理的な状態にかかわらず入居者や買い手が躊躇し得る種類の履歴を持ちます。こうした物件は価格の割引を伴い得、一部の買い手や投資家を惹きますが、割引はまさにその心理的要因が需要・賃貸のしやすさ・売却に影響するから存在します。\n告知と確認\n告知義務は、事実・時期・取引の種類・法的指針によって決まり、すべての過去の出来事を永久に告知しなければならないわけではありません。ルールは微妙です。その微妙さこそが、仲介の要約に頼らず、理想的には専門家の助言を得て、事実と適用される告知義務を丁寧に確認すべき理由です。割引を、告知の紛争・入居や売却の抵抗・評判リスクと天秤にかけ、あなたにとって価格を下げるものは将来の買い手にとっても価格を下げることを覚えておきましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：重大な心理的な出来事や事情に関連する。割引で売られ得るが、告知と売却のリスクを伴う。告知は事実・時期・取引・法的指針による。購入前に事実と告知義務を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/stigmatized-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-stigmatized","faq:loan-disclose-forever"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-defects-warranties","guide:property-resale-value"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-defects-warranties:ja","entityId":"guide:property-defects-warranties","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"物件の瑕疵と契約不適合責任","plainText":"新築と中古では、契約と法の下で瑕疵の保護が異なります。扱い・通知期間・救済は契約と適用ルールで決まるため、条項を読み、検査し、瑕疵を通知すべき期限を控えましょう。\n新築・中古の保護、契約条項、検査、通知期間。\n新築と中古で瑕疵の保護は異なる。\n扱いと救済は契約と適用ルールで決まる。\n適格な瑕疵を報告すべき通知期間がある。\n購入前に検査する。瑕疵保険は所定の適格な瑕疵を補償する。\n新築と中古の扱い\n瑕疵の保護は新築と中古で異なります。新築は概ね所定の構造部分について、より強い法定・契約上の保護を持ち、中古の保護はより限定的で契約条項に大きく依存します。いずれの場合も、瑕疵の扱い（契約不適合責任、売主の不適合に対する責任）は契約と適用ルールで決まるため、何が、どれだけの期間、どの救済（修補・代金減額・解除）で対象かを正確に読みましょう。\n検査と期限に注意\n購入前に検査しましょう。検査は知らずに瑕疵を買うリスクを減らしますが、隠れた瑕疵がないことは保証しません。瑕疵保険は定められた条件の下で所定の適格な瑕疵を補償し、保護を加え得ます。重要なのは、適格な瑕疵を売主に報告すべき通知期間があることです。逃すと救済を失い得ます。決済後にこれらの期限を記録に控え、問題が現れたら速やかに対応しましょう。保護には期限があります。\n押さえておきたい要点：新築と中古で瑕疵の保護は異なる。扱いと救済は契約と適用ルールで決まる。適格な瑕疵を報告すべき通知期間がある。購入前に検査する。瑕疵保険は所定の適格な瑕疵を補償する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-defects-warranties","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-defect-insurance","faq:loan-inspection-guarantee"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-inspections","guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:new-vs-used-property","guide:after-buying-home"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-inspection","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Existing-home condition inspection framework","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-resale-value:ja","entityId":"guide:property-resale-value","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の不動産の売却価値","plainText":"売却価値は、土地の持分・築年・駅距離・流動性・間取り・管理の質・地域の人口動態によります。多くの建物は市場慣行で減価するため、購入価格でなく取引事例と将来の買い手の融資可否から売却額を見積もります。\n土地の持分・築年・駅・流動性・間取り・管理・人口動態。\n土地の持分・駅距離・流動性が売却に強く影響する。\n建物は市場慣行で大きく減価し得る。土地と立地で結果が変わる。\nマンションの売却には管理の質と人口動態が効く。\n取引事例と将来の融資可否から売却額を見積もる。\n売却価値を左右するもの\n売却価値は、土地の持分・築年・駅距離・流動性・間取り・管理の質・地域の人口動態で決まります。日本の市場慣行では建物は時間とともに大きく減価し得ますが、土地・立地・建物の質が結果を多様にします。強い土地部分を持つ優良地の物件は、縮小地域の老朽建物とは大きく異なる挙動をします。駅距離は多くの市場で利便・入居需要・売却の厚みに強く影響するため、交通の近さがしばしば決定的です。\n購入価格でなく事例から見積もる\n払った額で売れると仮定しないこと。売却価値は、取引事例（国交省の不動産情報ライブラリとREINSの市場情報）・土地の持分・建物の状態と権利、そして重要なこととして将来の買い手が融資を受けられるかから見積もります。貸し手が融資しない物件や人口動態が衰退する地域の物件は、売却に時間がかかり安く売れ得ます。マンションでは、強い組合財務と管理が売却価値を加え、弱く積立不足の建物はそれを減じます。\n押さえておきたい要点：土地の持分・駅距離・流動性が売却に強く影響する。建物は市場慣行で大きく減価し得る。土地と立地で結果が変わる。マンションの売却には管理の質と人口動態が効く。取引事例と将来の融資可否から売却額を見積もる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-resale-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-estimate-resale","faq:loan-homes-depreciate","faq:loan-station-distance","faq:loan-resale-difficult"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:tokyo-vs-regional-property","guide:selling-property-costs"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-land-survey","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Official land-price survey","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_fr4_000043.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"reins-market","publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","title":"REINS Market Information","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home:ja","entityId":"guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン中の家を貸せるか","plainText":"融資の同意と、ローン・税・保険・建築規約の順守があって初めて可能です。無許可で居住用ローンを賃貸に転換するとローン違反になり得、家賃収入は課税されます。\n融資の同意・一時的な転居・投資への転換・保険・税。\n住宅ローン中の家を貸すには融資の同意が必要。\n無許可の賃貸転換はローン・保険・建築規約に反し得る。\n一時的な転居（転勤など）は恒久的な転居と扱いが異なり得る。\n家賃収入は課税され、火災保険の変更が必要になり得る。\n融資の同意が必要\n住宅ローン中の家は、融資の同意と、ローン・税・保険・建築規約の順守があって初めて貸せます。居住用ローンはあなたがそこに住む前提で価格・審査されているため、無許可で転居し長期賃貸すると、ローン契約・火災保険の条件、場合により管理規約や用途地域に反し得ます。一時的な転居（例：期限付きの転勤）は恒久的な転居と扱いが異なり得、これに手続きを持つ貸し手もありますが、仮定せず尋ねる必要があります。\n保険・税・転換\n賃貸はローン以上のものを変えます。居住用の火災保険は賃貸を補償しないことがあり、契約の変更が必要になり得ます。家賃収入は課税され、原則申告が必要で、認められる経費・減価償却・利息は不動産所得のルールで扱われます（元金は経費になりません）。恒久的に投資物件へ転換する計画なら、居住用ローンでなく不動産投資ローンで適切に資金調達すべきです。黙って貸すのでなく、融資・保険・税務当局・管理会社に届け出ましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：住宅ローン中の家を貸すには融資の同意が必要。無許可の賃貸転換はローン・保険・建築規約に反し得る。一時的な転居（転勤など）は恒久的な転居と扱いが異なり得る。家賃収入は課税され、火災保険の変更が必要になり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/renting-out-mortgaged-home","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-rent-out-mortgaged","faq:loan-move-overseas","faq:loan-leave-vacant"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:investment-property-loans","guide:minpaku-homeowners","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:rental-property-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-mortgage-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Housing-loan tax deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:minpaku-homeowners:ja","entityId":"guide:minpaku-homeowners","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"自宅所有者の民泊・Airbnbのルール","plainText":"民泊は国の枠組みで原則年180日まで、自治体はさらに制限でき、管理規約は全面禁止し得ます。加えて、住宅ローン・保険・用途地域のすべてが認める必要があります。\n住宅ローンの制限・管理規約・用途地域・保険・登録。\n国の民泊制度は適格な宿泊を原則年180日までに制限する。\n自治体はさらに制限を課せる。\n法が許しても管理規約が民泊を禁じ得る。\n住宅ローン・保険・用途地域のすべてが認める必要がある。\n許可の層\n自宅で民泊を運営するには、複数の許可の層が揃う必要があります。国の民泊制度の下で、適格な住宅宿泊は原則年180日までに制限され、自治体は条例でさらに制限できます。加えて、国と地方の法が許しても管理規約が民泊を全面禁止し得、住宅ローンの条件・火災保険・物件の用途地域のすべてが用途を認める必要があります。どれか一つの層が「不可」と言えば、適法には運営できません。\n掲載前に順守する\n国の180日の上限は自治体や管理組合の制限を上書きしません。常に180日運営できると仮定しないこと。物件を掲載する前に、国の登録要件・自治体の条例・管理規約・貸し手と保険会社の許可・用途地域を確認します。これらに反して民泊を運営すると、罰則・ローン違反・保険の問題・建物との紛争を招き得ます。順守を後回しでなく最初の一歩とし、登録と許可を保管しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：国の民泊制度は適格な宿泊を原則年180日までに制限する。自治体はさらに制限を課せる。法が許しても管理規約が民泊を禁じ得る。住宅ローン・保険・用途地域のすべてが認める必要がある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/minpaku-homeowners","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-airbnb-condo","faq:loan-180-days"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home","guide:condominium-rules","guide:property-investment-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-minpaku","publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","title":"Private-lodging (minpaku) portal","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:condominium-rules:ja","entityId":"guide:condominium-rules","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マンションの管理規約","plainText":"管理規約は、ペット・内装リフォーム・賃貸・事業や民泊の利用・駐車場・議決を定めます。窓などの共用部分を自由に変えることはできず、規約は住戸の使い方や収益化を制限し得ます。\nペット・リフォーム・賃貸・事業利用・民泊・駐車場・議決。\n規約はペット・リフォーム・賃貸・事業利用・民泊・駐車場・議決を定める。\n窓などの共用部分は自由に変更できないことが多い。\n規約は賃貸・事業利用・民泊を制限し得る。\n購入後でなく購入前に規約を確認する。\n規約が定めるもの\n管理規約は、日々の暮らしと所有者としての権利を形づくります。ペット・リフォーム・賃貸・事業利用・民泊・駐車場・議決などを定めます。重要なのは、マンションの内装を自由にリフォームできないことです。構造や共用部分の規則が適用され、窓などは変更が制限される共用部分であることが多く、自分で交換できないことがあります。ペットは建物の規則が認め、所定の範囲内である場合のみ飼えます。\n購入前に規約を確認する\n規約は住戸の使い方や収益化を制限し得ます。賃貸・自宅での事業・民泊はいずれも制限・禁止され得、これらの制限は国や地方の法が許すかにかかわらずあなたを拘束します。購入前に規約と最近の議事録を確認し、ペット方針・リフォームの制約・賃貸と事業の規則・民泊の立場・意思決定の仕方を把握しましょう。購入後に見つけた規則が、物件についての計画全体を覆し得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：規約はペット・リフォーム・賃貸・事業利用・民泊・駐車場・議決を定める。窓などの共用部分は自由に変更できないことが多い。規約は賃貸・事業利用・民泊を制限し得る。購入後でなく購入前に規約を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/condominium-rules","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-renovate-condo","faq:loan-replace-windows","faq:loan-pets","faq:loan-airbnb-condo"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:minpaku-homeowners","guide:condominium-management-fees"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-repair-plan","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Condominium long-term repair plan guidance","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-minpaku","publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","title":"Private-lodging (minpaku) portal","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property:ja","entityId":"guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産購入にいくら現金が必要か","plainText":"頭金だけでは足りません。頭金に加え、価格の概ね6〜10%の諸費用、緊急・修繕の備え、引越と当面の工事を見込みます。6,000万円の中古マンションで1,180万〜1,580万円の現金が必要になり得ます。\n頭金に加え諸費用・備え・引越・修繕。実際に必要な現金の目安。\n頭金に加え、価格の概ね6〜10%の諸費用が必要。\n少なくとも150万〜300万円の緊急・修繕の備えを加える。\n引越・当面の工事・按分した税と保険を含める。\n6,000万円の中古マンションで1,180万〜1,580万円、5,000万円の新築で880万〜1,300万円。\n実際の現金目安\n購入は頭金よりはるかに多くの現金を要します。頭金に加え、仲介・ローン手数料・登記・税・保険・預け金・修繕・引越・備えを見込み、これらは合わせて数百万円になるのが通常です。有用な目安は、頭金＋価格の概ね6〜10%の諸費用＋緊急・修繕の備えです。貯金をすべて頭金に使わないこと。手数料・最初の修繕・生活のための流動性が必要です。\n2つの試算例\n例A：頭金10%の6,000万円中古マンション。頭金600万円に加え、上限式の仲介概算約204.6万円、2.20%のローン手数料118.8万円、登記・司法書士50万〜90万円、検査・鑑定8万〜20万円、印紙/保険/按分20万〜50万円、軽減後の取得税0〜50万円超、引越・当面の工事30万〜150万円、備え150万〜300万円で、実務的な現金目安は約1,180万〜1,580万円です。\n例B：買主仲介なしの5,000万円新築デベロッパー物件。頭金500万円（10%）、4,500万円への2.20%手数料99万円、登記・司法書士40万〜80万円、初期の管理/修繕と按分15万〜40万円、保険/印紙/引越25万〜80万円、オプションと家具50万〜200万円、備え150万〜300万円で、実務的な現金目安は約880万〜1,300万円です。これらは計画上の概算で、評価額・軽減・手数料モデルで変わります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/cash-needed-to-buy-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-fees-outside-price","faq:loan-all-savings-down"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-closing-costs","guide:property-purchase-cost","guide:down-payment-comparison","guide:property-budget"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"tokyo-acquisition-tax","publisher":"東京都主税局","title":"不動産取得税","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shitsumon/fudosan/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-closing-costs:ja","entityId":"guide:property-closing-costs","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の不動産購入諸費用","plainText":"諸費用は一般に価格の約6〜10%です。仲介・ローン事務手数料や保証料・登録免許税・司法書士報酬・印紙税・取得税・保険・按分で、新築デベロッパー購入は買主仲介手数料がないことが多いです。\n取引費用の全体像と、新築・中古の違い。\n諸費用は一般に価格の約6〜10%。\n仲介・ローン手数料・登記・税が大きな項目。\n直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多い。\n一部の費用（取得税）は決済時でなく後で来る。\n取引費用の一覧\n諸費用は一般に価格の約6〜10%で、次を含みます。頭金と手付金（代金の一部）、仲介手数料（法定上限あり）、ローン事務手数料（多くは2.20%）と保証料、鑑定と検査、契約の印紙税、決済時の登録免許税、司法書士報酬、火災・地震保険、按分した税と費用です。一部の費用は後で来ます。不動産取得税は取得後に課されるため、決済時の現金と後の税の現金の両方を計画しましょう。\n新築と中古の違い\n新築と中古では費用の内訳が異なります。仲介経由で買う中古は仲介手数料（法定上限まで）を伴い、売主から直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多いです。取引の形を確認しましょう。総額を大きく変えます。新築は異なる初期の管理・修繕積立の支払いやデベロッパーのオプションを、中古は検査や当面の修繕費を伴い得ます。一律の割合を仮定せず、具体的な物件について全体像を作り、決済時の現金と後の税の現金を分けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：諸費用は一般に価格の約6〜10%。仲介・ローン手数料・登記・税が大きな項目。直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多い。一部の費用（取得税）は決済時でなく後で来る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-closing-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fees-outside-price","faq:loan-developer-brokerage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees","guide:property-registration-costs","guide:property-purchase-cost"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"tokyo-acquisition-tax","publisher":"東京都主税局","title":"不動産取得税","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shitsumon/fudosan/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-registration-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"登録免許税の税額表","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7191.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees:ja","entityId":"guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産の仲介手数料","plainText":"仲介手数料は、価格と取引に応じた法定上限の対象で、一般的な価格では簡易式＋消費税が通常です。直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多いです。\n上限の手数料構造・消費税・仲介なしの場合・利益相反。\n手数料は価格と取引に応じた法定上限がある。\n一般的な価格では簡易式＋消費税が通常。\n直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多い。\nそのブローカーが誰を代理するか尋ねる。掲載側は売主に依存し得る。\n上限の手数料構造\n仲介手数料は、免許を持つ仲介に支払う報酬で、価格と取引に応じた法定上限の対象です。一般的な価格では、許可された簡易式（区分ごとの価格の割合）＋消費税で計算されるのが通常です。上限は天井であり固定価格ではないため、原則交渉の余地がありますが、慣行は様々です。法定上限と照合できるよう、計算を書面で求めましょう。\n仲介なしの場合と利益相反\n売主から直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多いため、手数料を仮定する前に取引の形を確認します。利益相反に注意しましょう。掲載ブローカーは売主を代理または経済的に依存し得、両手仲介や直接取引は動機を歪め得ます。誰を代理するか、双方の代理かを尋ねます。支払う前に免許を確認し、ブローカーの銀行紹介はローンが手頃だと証明しないことを覚えておきましょう。それはあなたの判断です。\n押さえておきたい要点：手数料は価格と取引に応じた法定上限がある。一般的な価格では簡易式＋消費税が通常。直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多い。そのブローカーが誰を代理するか尋ねる。掲載側は売主に依存し得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/real-estate-brokerage-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-brokerage-commission","faq:loan-developer-brokerage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:real-estate-agents-japan","guide:property-closing-costs","guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-fees:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローンの事務手数料と保証料","plainText":"住宅ローンの手数料は二つのモデルに従います。定率の事務手数料（多くは2.20%＝5,000万円で110万円）で保証料なし、または保証会社モデル（前払い・金利上乗せ・より高い事務手数料で免除）です。保有期間の総額で比較しましょう。\n2.20%モデル・保証会社モデル・金利上乗せ・保有期間。\n定率モデルは2.20%の事務手数料を課し、保証料はないことが多い。\n保証会社モデルは前払い・金利上乗せ・なしのいずれか。\n「保証料なし」は定率手数料の上昇や金利上乗せを意味し得る。\n保有期間が短いと、どちらのモデルが安いか変わる。\n二つの手数料モデル\n日本の住宅ローンは一般に二つの手数料モデルのいずれかを使います。定率モデルは事務手数料（多くは元金の2.20%＝5,000万円で110万円）を課し、別途の保証料はないことが多いです。保証会社モデルは、審査する保証会社を伴い、前払い（一括）・金利上乗せ（やや高い金利）・より高い事務手数料と引き換えの免除、のいずれかです。各モデルは別の所にコストを隠し得るため、ラベルでなく手数料＋利息の総額で比較しましょう。\n保有期間で答えが変わる\n保有期間が重要です。大きな前払い手数料（2.20%の事務手数料など）は保有年数で按分されるため、長期保有ならやや低い金利の価値があり得、短期保有なら（数年で売却・借換するなら）大きな手数料を回収できないため、低手数料・やや高金利の商品のほうが安くなり得ます。実際に保有を見込む年数で内部コストを計算し、繰上返済手数料も確認しましょう。保有期間が短いほど重要です。\n押さえておきたい要点：定率モデルは2.20%の事務手数料を課し、保証料はないことが多い。保証会社モデルは前払い・金利上乗せ・なしのいずれか。「保証料なし」は定率手数料の上昇や金利上乗せを意味し得る。保有期間が短いと、どちらのモデルが安いか変わる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-total-cost","faq:loan-what-guarantee-company"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-fees-comparison","guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","guide:collateral-guarantee-companies"]},"sources":[{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-registration-costs:ja","entityId":"guide:property-registration-costs","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産の登記費用","plainText":"登録免許税は、所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記に、評価額や被担保額と適用される軽減に基づいて課され、加えて司法書士の報酬と立替費用がかかります。\n所有権移転・抵当権設定・評価額・軽減。\n登録免許税は所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記にかかる。\n評価額や被担保額と軽減に基づく。\n司法書士は報酬＋税・立替費用を請求する。\n住宅向けの軽減で適格な住宅の税が下がり得る。\n登録免許税\n登録免許税は、所定の登記(主に購入時の所有権移転登記と借入時の抵当権設定登記)に課される税です。物件の評価額やローンの被担保額に基づき、税率は法で定められ、適格な住宅の税を下げ得る住宅向けの軽減があります。払った価格でなく評価額に基づくため、金額は購入価格の単純な割合とは異なり得ます。\n司法書士の報酬\n登記は司法書士が行い、税と立替費用に加えて報酬を請求します。貸し手や仲介が司法書士を指名することがあり、その選択が必須かを尋ねられます。登録免許税と司法書士報酬の両方を諸費用の一部として見込み、決済で驚かないよう事前に見積りを求めましょう。軽減は定期的に変わるため、あなたの物件と居住について現行のルールを確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：登録免許税は所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記にかかる。評価額や被担保額と軽減に基づく。司法書士は報酬＋税・立替費用を請求する。住宅向けの軽減で適格な住宅の税が下がり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-registration-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-registration-tax","faq:loan-judicial-scrivener"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:judicial-scrivener-property","guide:property-closing-costs","guide:property-closing-registration"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-registration-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"登録免許税の税額表","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7191.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:judicial-scrivener-property:ja","entityId":"guide:judicial-scrivener-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"司法書士は何をするか","plainText":"司法書士は、所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記を準備・申請し、決済の手続きを確認し、報酬＋税・立替費用を請求します。貸し手が指名することがあり、その選択が必須かを尋ねられます。\n登記の役割・貸し手の指名・報酬・書類・決済。\n所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記を準備・申請する。\n資金が動く前に決済の手続きを確認する。\n報酬＋税・立替費用を請求する。\n貸し手や仲介が指名し得る。必須かを尋ねる。\n登記の役割\n司法書士は、不動産の登記(物件が移転するときの所有権移転登記と、借入時の貸し手の抵当権設定登記)を準備・申請する専門家です。決済時、司法書士は資金が動く前に書類と決済の手続きを確認し、名義がきれいに移転し抵当権が適切に登記されることを確かめて、買主と貸し手の双方を守ります。この役割ゆえ、決済は通常、司法書士の立会いのもと(多くは銀行で)行われます。\n報酬と貸し手の指名\n司法書士は、報酬に加えて登録免許税と立替費用を請求し、これらはすべて諸費用に入ります。貸し手や仲介が特定の司法書士を指名することがあり、特に貸し手は自らの抵当権を正しく登記したいためです。その選択が必須か、自分の司法書士を使えるかを尋ねられます。事前に報酬の見積りを求め、決済後は登記の記録を保管しましょう。物件の将来の手続きで必要になります。\n押さえておきたい要点：所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記を準備・申請する。資金が動く前に決済の手続きを確認する。報酬＋税・立替費用を請求する。貸し手や仲介が指名し得る。必須かを尋ねる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/judicial-scrivener-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-judicial-scrivener"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-registration-costs","guide:property-closing-registration","guide:property-registration-services"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"moj-inheritance-registration","publisher":"Ministry of Justice","title":"Mandatory inheritance land registration","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:real-estate-acquisition-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:real-estate-acquisition-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産取得税","plainText":"不動産取得税は、取得後に課される都道府県税で、評価額に基づきます。住宅の軽減で大きく減り得、税率と手続きは都道府県で異なります。東京の住宅用は評価控除後で概ね3%です。\n課税の時期・評価・住宅の軽減・都道府県差。\n取得後に課される都道府県税で、評価額に基づく。\n住宅の軽減で大きく減り得る。\n東京の住宅用は評価控除・土地軽減後で概ね3%。\n税率と申告手続きは都道府県で異なる。\n課税の時期と評価\n不動産取得税は、決済時でなく取得後に課される都道府県税なので、購入後しばらくして別の納付書として来ます。そのための現金を確保しましょう。払った価格でなく物件の評価額(税務上の価値)に基づきます。後で来るため予算で忘れやすく、決済時の現金とは別に「後の税の現金」に含めましょう。\n住宅の軽減と都道府県差\n住宅の軽減は適格な住宅の税を大きく減らし得ます。東京では住宅用不動産取得税は、適用される評価控除と土地の軽減の後、概ね3%で計算され、非住宅用は異なる税率です。申告と軽減の手続きは都道府県で異なるため、物件の所在地のルールと、軽減を受けるために申告が必要かを確認しましょう。軽減は条件付きなので、減額後の数字を仮定する前に、物件と用途が適格か確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：取得後に課される都道府県税で、評価額に基づく。住宅の軽減で大きく減り得る。東京の住宅用は評価控除・土地軽減後で概ね3%。税率と申告手続きは都道府県で異なる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/real-estate-acquisition-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-acquisition-tax"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-asset-tax","guide:property-closing-costs","guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyo-acquisition-tax","publisher":"東京都主税局","title":"不動産取得税","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shitsumon/fudosan/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-property-sale","publisher":"国税庁","title":"土地や建物を売ったとき（譲渡所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-asset-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:fixed-asset-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"固定資産税と都市計画税","plainText":"固定資産税は評価額に基づく毎年の市町村税で、都市計画税は指定された都市計画区域内でかかります。決済時、その年の税は契約により売主と買主で経済的に按分されるのが通常です。\n毎年の負担・評価額・按分・予算。\n固定資産税は評価額に基づく毎年の市町村税。\n都市計画税は指定された都市計画区域内でかかる。\n決済時、その年の税は契約で経済的に按分されるのが通常。\n毎年の保有コストとして予算に入れる。\n毎年の保有コスト\n固定資産税は、物件の評価額に基づき市町村が課す毎年の地方税で、一度きりの購入費用でなく継続的な保有コストです。指定された都市計画区域内では、追加の都市計画税がかかります。これらは合わせて意味のある年間支出で、最初から毎月の住居予算に、保険・(マンションの)管理費と修繕積立金・維持費とともに組み込むべきです。\n決済時の按分\nその年の固定資産税の法的な納税義務は法定ルール(所定の基準日の所有者)に従いますが、決済時、売主と買主は契約で税を経済的に按分するのが通常で、各自が実質的に自分が所有する年内の期間分を負担します。決済時の金額が驚きにならないよう、契約で按分がどう扱われるか確認しましょう。購入後は毎年、満額の年間税を予算に入れ、評価額(したがって税)は時間とともに変わり得ることを覚えておきましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：固定資産税は評価額に基づく毎年の市町村税。都市計画税は指定された都市計画区域内でかかる。決済時、その年の税は契約で経済的に按分されるのが通常。毎年の保有コストとして予算に入れる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/fixed-asset-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fixed-asset-tax","faq:loan-city-planning-tax","faq:loan-prorate-fixed-asset"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:real-estate-acquisition-tax","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyo-fixed-asset-tax","publisher":"東京都主税局","title":"固定資産税・都市計画税（土地・家屋）","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-tax-deduction:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-tax-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン控除（住宅ローン減税）","plainText":"住宅ローン控除は、年末の適格なローン残高に基づく所得税の税額控除(0.7%の枠組み)です。2026年の制度は2026〜2030年の適格な入居を延長し、所得上限2,000万円と床面積・省エネ・居住の条件があります。初年度に確定申告を行います。\n要件・居住・住宅基準・初年度の申告・年ごとの変更。\n年末の適格なローン残高に基づく所得税の税額控除(0.7%の枠組み)。\n2026年の制度は2026〜2030年の適格な入居を延長。\n一般的な所得上限は2,000万円、床面積と省エネの条件あり。\n初年度に確定申告して受ける。\n控除の仕組み\n住宅ローン控除(住宅ローン減税)は、年末の適格なローン残高と条件に基づく所得税の税額控除で、0.7%の枠組みです。日本の2026年の改正は、2026〜2030年の適格な入居について控除を5年延長し、適格な省エネ既存住宅の扱いを拡充し、一部の既存住宅の控除を13年に延長しました。残高上限・床面積要件・世帯加算・省エネ区分・災害区域の規定・所得上限・期間は、あなたの具体的な物件と入居年について確認が必要です。ルールは細かく毎年変わります。\n要件と初年度の申告\n要件は自動ではありません。一般的な適用所得の上限は2,000万円で、一部の40〜50㎡の住宅にはより厳しい条件があり、すべての新築が適格なわけではありません。省エネ・床面積・居住などの規則が適用されますが、中古も適格になり得、2026年の改正は適格な省エネ既存住宅の扱いを拡充しました。控除を受けるには通常、初年度に確定申告が必要で、以後は会社員なら年末調整で受けられます。細部は毎年変わるため、入居年について国税庁や税理士に現行のルールを確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：年末の適格なローン残高に基づく所得税の税額控除(0.7%の枠組み)。2026年の制度は2026〜2030年の適格な入居を延長。一般的な所得上限は2,000万円、床面積と省エネの条件あり。初年度に確定申告して受ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-tax-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-tax-deduction","faq:loan-deduction-automatic","faq:loan-deduction-income-limit","faq:loan-file-first-year"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:early-repayment","guide:after-buying-home","guide:mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-mortgage-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Housing-loan tax deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nta-mortgage-credit","publisher":"国税庁","title":"住宅借入金等特別控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance:ja","entityId":"guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅の火災保険と地震保険","plainText":"貸し手は一般に十分な火災保険を求めます。地震保険は火災保険に付帯し、通常は火災保険金額の30〜50%(建物5,000万円・家財1,000万円が上限)で、生活再建向けです。通常の火災保険は地震による火災を補償しません。\n融資の要件・建物と家財・免責・地震の上限。\n貸し手は一般に建物に十分な火災保険を求める。\n地震保険は火災保険に付帯し上限がある。\n地震補償は火災保険金額の概ね30〜50%(建物5,000万・家財1,000万)。\n通常の火災保険は地震による火災を補償しない。\n火災保険と融資の要件\n貸し手は一般に、建物が担保であるため、住宅ローンの条件として建物に十分な火災保険を求めます。火災保険は所定の危険に対し建物と家財を補償しますが、免責を丁寧に読みましょう。特に通常の火災保険は地震による火災を概ね補償しません。貸し手や代理店を通じて買えることが多いですが、認められる範囲で外部の見積りと手数料を比較しましょう。セット契約が自動的に最安・最適な補償とは限りません。\n地震保険とその上限\n地震保険は火災保険に付帯する必要があり、単独では買えません。保険金額は対応する火災保険金額の概ね30〜50%で、建物5,000万円・家財1,000万円が上限で、完全な再建の保証でなく生活再建の支援を目的とします。したがって住まい全体を再建はせず、再スタートを助けます。マンション所有者は、共用部分の組合の補償を確認しつつ、住戸と家財の補償を検討すべきです。地震の多い国では、上限があっても別建ての地震保険は真剣に検討する価値があります。\n押さえておきたい要点：貸し手は一般に建物に十分な火災保険を求める。地震保険は火災保険に付帯し上限がある。地震補償は火災保険金額の概ね30〜50%(建物5,000万・家財1,000万)。通常の火災保険は地震による火災を補償しない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/home-fire-earthquake-insurance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fire-insurance-mandatory","faq:loan-fire-earthquake-fire","faq:loan-earthquake-rebuild","faq:loan-condo-earthquake","faq:loan-bundle-insurance"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:earthquake-standards","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:property-insurance-providers"]},"sources":[{"id":"gia-earthquake","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Earthquake insurance guidance","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"sonpo-earthquake","publisher":"日本損害保険協会","title":"地震保険","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:condominium-management-fees:ja","entityId":"guide:condominium-management-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マンションの管理費","plainText":"管理費は通常の共用運営を賄い、大規模修繕のために貯めません。それは別建ての修繕積立金です。管理費の推移と所有者の滞納に注意しましょう。どちらも建物財務の健全性を示します。\n何を賄い何を賄わないか・推移・滞納。\n管理費は通常の共用運営(清掃・警備・共用部の光熱費)を賄う。\n大規模修繕のためには貯めない。それは修繕積立金。\n管理費の推移と所有者の滞納を財務健全性の signal として見る。\n極端に低い費用は効率でなく手当て不足のことがある。\n管理費が賄うもの\n管理費は、建物の通常の共用運営(清掃・警備・共用部の光熱費・日々の管理・小さな手入れ)を賄います。重要なのは、これは営業費用であって大規模修繕のために貯めるお金ではないことです。修繕積立金が長期の資本工事のための資金です。この二つを混同すると、営業予算だけが賄われ修繕積立が薄いのに、建物が十分な資金を持つと所有者が誤解します。\n推移と滞納\n建物を評価するときは、管理費の推移と所有者の滞納を見ます。管理費の上昇は、実際の費用増や手当て不足の是正を映し得ます。滞納の常態化は一部の所有者が払っていないことを意味し、予算を圧迫し、より深い運営の問題を予兆し得ます。極端に低い費用は自動的な利点ではありません。共用部への手当て不足を意味し得ます。会計と議事録を費用とともに読み、修繕積立金と建物全体の財務健全性の文脈で費用を判断しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：管理費は通常の共用運営(清掃・警備・共用部の光熱費)を賄う。大規模修繕のためには貯めない。それは修繕積立金。管理費の推移と所有者の滞納を財務健全性の signal として見る。極端に低い費用は効率でなく手当て不足のことがある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/condominium-management-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-fees","faq:loan-repair-reserve"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:condo-repair-reserve","guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:condominium-rules"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-repair-plan","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Condominium long-term repair plan guidance","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:house-maintenance-costs:ja","entityId":"guide:house-maintenance-costs","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"一戸建ての維持費","plainText":"一戸建て所有者は、屋根・外装・構造・排水・設備・シロアリの費用を、時間とともに直接かつ不均等に負担します。マンションの修繕積立金に相当する私的な維持積立を、誰も集めてくれないので自分で用意しましょう。\n屋根・外装・設備・排水・シロアリと私的な積立。\n一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・構造・排水・設備・シロアリの費用を直接負担する。\nこれらの費用は時間とともに不均等に来る。安い年も高い年もある。\n私的な維持積立を自分で用意する。誰も集めてくれない。\n故障に反応するのでなく維持計画を立てる。\n一戸建て所有者が負担する費用\nマンション所有者と違い、一戸建て所有者には修繕積立金を集める組合がなく、屋根・外装・構造・排水・設備・シロアリの費用を直接負担します。これらは不均等に来ます。ほとんど使わない年もあれば、屋根・外壁の再塗装・排水やシロアリの工事が大きな単発費用として来る年もあります。一戸建ての自由(管理費なし・完全な制御)には、これらすべてを自分で資金手当てし計画する責任が伴います。\n私的な積立と計画\n私的な維持積立を自分で用意しましょう。マンションのように毎月お金を取り分け、大きな修繕が危機にならないようにします。故障に反応するのでなく維持計画を立てます。屋根・外壁・給湯器などの設備がいつ頃手入れを要するかを把握し、前もって予算化します。定期的な小さな維持は後の大きな費用をしばしば防ぎます。私的な積立を、任意の追加でなく一戸建て所有の譲れない一部と捉えましょう。先送りした維持は高額な構造問題に膨らみます。\n押さえておきたい要点：一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・構造・排水・設備・シロアリの費用を直接負担する。これらの費用は時間とともに不均等に来る。安い年も高い年もある。私的な維持積立を自分で用意する。誰も集めてくれない。故障に反応するのでなく維持計画を立てる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/house-maintenance-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-emergency-cash-owner"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:house-vs-condominium","guide:renovation-costs-financing","guide:homeownership-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:renovation-costs-financing:ja","entityId":"guide:renovation-costs-financing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"リフォームの費用と資金","plainText":"範囲を定め、図面と除外を伴う範囲に合った見積りを取り、予備費を持ち、可能なら抵当権付きや購入＋リフォーム一体型で資金調達し、地域相場が払う以上の過剰投資を避けます。\n範囲・見積り・予備費・リフォームローン・過剰投資。\n範囲を定め、それに合った見積りを図面と明確な除外とともに取る。\n古い建物が隠しがちな想定外のための予備費を持つ。\n抵当権付きや購入＋リフォーム一体型は無担保より安い。\n地域相場が払う以上の過剰投資を避ける。\n範囲・見積り・予備費\nまず範囲を正確に定め、図面・明確な除外・保証・免許の確認・出来高に連動した支払い計画を含む、範囲に合った見積りを取ります。これらのないリフォーム見積りは受けないこと。予備費を持ちましょう。古い建物を開けると、見積り時に見えなかった隠れた構造・配管・電気の工事がしばしば現れるためです。予備費は嫌な驚きを危機でなく計画された費用に変えます。\n資金と過剰投資\n可能なら、通常割高な無担保リフォームローンでなく、抵当権付きや購入＋リフォーム一体型で資金調達します。工事費を、それが加える価値の現実的な見積りと比較しましょう。必要な修繕や価値を保つ改良は住まいを守りますが、極めて個性的な仕上げや地域相場を超える工事は売却で回収できないことがあります。過剰投資はよくあり避けられる失敗で、特に数年で売る可能性があるならなおさらです。\n押さえておきたい要点：範囲を定め、それに合った見積りを図面と明確な除外とともに取る。古い建物が隠しがちな想定外のための予備費を持つ。抵当権付きや購入＋リフォーム一体型は無担保より安い。地域相場が払う以上の過剰投資を避ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/renovation-costs-financing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-renovation-increase-value","faq:loan-renovation-in-mortgage","faq:loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:renovation-loans","guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:renovation-services"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:selling-property-costs:ja","entityId":"guide:selling-property-costs","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産売却の費用","plainText":"売却は、仲介手数料・抵当権抹消と登記・法務費用・修繕・譲渡所得税により手取りを減らします。表面の売却価格でなく、これらすべての後の手取りを計算しましょう。\n仲介・抵当抹消・法務費用・修繕・税・手取り。\n売却の仲介手数料が手取りを減らす。\n抵当権の抹消と登記に費用がかかる。\n修繕・法務費用・譲渡所得税がさらに手取りを減らす。\n表面の売却価格でなく手取りを計算する。\n手取りを減らすもの\n売却は無料ではありません。売却の仲介手数料(法定上限あり)、既存の抵当権の抹消と関連する登記の費用、法務・司法書士の費用、売却に必要な修繕、そして譲渡所得税がすべて手取りを減らします。表面価格では利益が出るように見える売却も、これらを数えるとずっと薄くなり得、手取りより残債が多ければ、抵当権を消すために不足分を自分で賄う必要があります。\n手取りを計算する\n売却を決めるか売り出し価格を設定する前に、手取り(売却価格から全売却費用・残債・課税される譲渡益への税を引いたもの)を出しましょう。適格な自宅の売却は、条件付きで最大3,000万円の譲渡所得控除を使え、税を大きく変え得るため、それを織り込みます。判断に効く数字は、掲載の価格でなく実際に口座に入る額です。\n押さえておきたい要点：売却の仲介手数料が手取りを減らす。抵当権の抹消と登記に費用がかかる。修繕・法務費用・譲渡所得税がさらに手取りを減らす。表面の売却価格でなく手取りを計算する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/selling-property-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-selling-tax","faq:loan-30-million-deduction"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-capital-gains-tax","guide:property-resale-value","guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-home-sale-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"¥30 million home-sale special deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3302.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nta-property-sale","publisher":"国税庁","title":"土地や建物を売ったとき（譲渡所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-capital-gains-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:property-capital-gains-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産の譲渡所得税","plainText":"譲渡所得税は、取得費・費用・特例の後の課税される譲渡益にかかり、総額ではありません。減価償却と取引費用が取得費に影響するため、売却価格−購入価格が必ずしも譲渡益ではなく、自宅の売却は3,000万円控除を使え得ます。\n取得費・認められる費用・保有期間・自宅の特例。\n税は総額でなく、取得費・費用・特例の後の課税譲渡益にかかる。\n減価償却と取引費用が取得費と譲渡益に影響する。\n保有期間が適用される扱いに影響する。\n適格な自宅の売却は3,000万円控除を使え得る。\n課税譲渡益の仕組み\n譲渡所得税は、総額でなく、認められる取得費・費用・特例の後の課税譲渡益にかかります。売却価格−購入価格が必ずしも課税譲渡益ではありません。減価償却は取得費を減らし(特に賃貸で減価償却した物件)、購入と売却の双方の認められる取引費用が計算に影響します。保有期間も重要で、一定の長期保有の住宅には別の軽減税率が適用され得ます。取得費を立証するために、売買契約・費用の証拠・リフォームの記録を保管しましょう。\n自宅の特例\n利益が出た適格な自宅の売却は、詳細な条件と他の特例との関係に服して、課税譲渡益から最大3,000万円の控除を受けられ得、一定の長期保有の住宅には別の軽減税率が適用され得ます。これらの特例は税を大きく変えるか消し得ますが、条件付きで、住宅ローン控除や制限年と相互作用し得るため、税務の助言を受けましょう。特例が適用されると仮定せず、具体的な売却と年について、税理士や国税庁に適格性を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：税は総額でなく、取得費・費用・特例の後の課税譲渡益にかかる。減価償却と取引費用が取得費と譲渡益に影響する。保有期間が適用される扱いに影響する。適格な自宅の売却は3,000万円控除を使え得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-capital-gains-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-selling-tax","faq:loan-sale-price-minus-purchase","faq:loan-30-million-deduction"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:selling-property-costs","guide:rental-property-tax","guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-property-sale","publisher":"国税庁","title":"土地や建物を売ったとき（譲渡所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-home-sale-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"¥30 million home-sale special deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3302.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rental-property-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:rental-property-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産オーナーの家賃収入の税","plainText":"純家賃収入は原則課税され、申告が必要です。認められる経費・減価償却・住宅ローン利息は控除できますが元金はできず、控除できる修繕と資産計上する改良を区別する必要があります。\n収入・経費・減価償却・利息・修繕と資本的支出。\n純家賃収入は原則課税され申告が必要。\n住宅ローンの支払い全額は控除できない。元金は経費でない。\n住宅ローン利息は制限と按分の下で控除され得る。\n減価償却は非現金の控除。修繕と改良は扱いが異なる。\n収入・経費・利息\n純課税不動産所得は原則申告が必要で、受け取った家賃から認められる経費を引いたものです。住宅ローンの支払い全額を家賃から控除はできません。元金は通常控除できる経費ではなく、住宅ローン利息は制限と按分の問題の下で所得税のルールで控除され得ます。認められる経費には通常、管理費・組合費・オーナー負担の光熱費・保険・固定資産税と都市計画税・客付け手数料・維持が含まれます。費用の区分が税を決めるため、明確な記録を保ちましょう。\n減価償却と修繕・改良\n減価償却は税務会計上の控除であり現金収入ではありません。建物の按分価値と耐用年数に基づき、現金支出なしに課税所得を減らすため、土地建物の按分を裏付ける必要があります。修繕と改良も区別しなければなりません。控除できる修繕は物件を維持し、資本的改良は取得費に加えられその年に全額控除でなく時間をかけて減価償却されます。この区分と減価償却を正しく行うには注意が要るため、記録を保ち、ある程度の規模の賃貸では税理士を検討しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：純家賃収入は原則課税され申告が必要。住宅ローンの支払い全額は控除できない。元金は経費でない。住宅ローン利息は制限と按分の下で控除され得る。減価償却は非現金の控除。修繕と改良は扱いが異なる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/rental-property-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-rental-income-taxable","faq:loan-deduct-mortgage-from-rent","faq:loan-interest-deductible-rental","faq:loan-depreciation-cash"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home","guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"国税庁","title":"不動産収入を受け取ったとき（不動産所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-depreciation","publisher":"国税庁","title":"減価償却のあらまし・少額減価償却資産","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-inheritance-gifts:ja","entityId":"guide:property-inheritance-gifts","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の不動産の相続・贈与","plainText":"不動産の相続・贈与は、所有権登記(改正制度で相続した土地の登記が義務化)、税のための評価、必要な場合の資金、拠出と所有が異なるときの贈与税を伴います。専門家の計画を受けましょう。\n所有権登記・評価・資金・専門家の支援。\n相続の土地登記は改正制度で義務化された。\n不動産は相続・贈与税で、払った価格でなく所定のルールで評価される。\n夫婦間の不均等な支払いは贈与税の問題を生み得る。\n所有の構造・評価・居住が結果に影響する。助言を受ける。\n登記と評価\n不動産の相続には今や登記義務が伴います。改正制度の下で相続登記の義務が適用され、確認を要する期限と経過措置があるため、相続した土地を未登記のままにしないこと。相続・贈与税では、不動産は払った価格でなく所定のルールで評価され、所有の構造と居住が結果に影響します。これらのルールは専門的で期限があるため、相続や贈与を先延ばしにせず計画すべき事柄として扱いましょう。\n所有・贈与税・助言\n所有の構造が重要です。夫婦は実際の拠出を反映した持分で所有すべきです。法的所有に対する不均等な支払いは贈与税の問題を生み得るためです。50/50は、拠出・債務・贈与税・支配・将来の売却への影響がそれを支持する場合のみ理にかないます。資金・相続・クロスボーダーの要素が絡むと、相互作用はすぐ複雑になります。所有・評価・資金・登記が正しく扱われるよう、税理士、必要に応じて弁護士や司法書士の専門的支援を受けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：相続の土地登記は改正制度で義務化された。不動産は相続・贈与税で、払った価格でなく所定のルールで評価される。夫婦間の不均等な支払いは贈与税の問題を生み得る。所有の構造・評価・居住が結果に影響する。助言を受ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-inheritance-gifts","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-inheritance-registration","faq:loan-spouses-5050","faq:loan-unequal-gift-tax"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:parent-child-relay-mortgages","guide:property-capital-gains-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"moj-inheritance-registration","publisher":"Ministry of Justice","title":"Mandatory inheritance land registration","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nta-property-sale","publisher":"国税庁","title":"土地や建物を売ったとき（譲渡所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:consumer-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:consumer-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の消費者ローン","plainText":"貸金業者の消費者ローンは高い(多くは二桁の)金利で、年収3分の1の総量規制の対象です。短く必要で返済可能な緊急時にのみ向き、継続的な生活赤字や長寿命資産には決して向きません。\n提供者・金利・総量規制・適切な用途・危険な兆候。\n貸金業者からの高い(多くは二桁の)金利。\n年収3分の1の総量規制の対象。\n短く必要で返済可能な緊急時にのみ適する。\n継続的な生活赤字や長寿命資産の資金にしない。\n消費者ローンとは\n消費者ローンや信販会社のキャッシングは対象となる貸金業の借入で、貸金業法の総量規制の対象です。対象残高が年収の3分の1を超えると新規の貸金業者からの借入が原則制限されます。高い(多くは二桁の)金利を伴い、これは無担保・迅速な信用の代償です。本当に短い緊急時に控えめに使えば役立ち得ますが、習慣として使うと高くつき危険です。\n適切な用途と危険な兆候\n消費者ローンは、短く必要で返済可能な緊急時にのみ適し、長寿命資産(担保付きの安いローンで)や継続的な生活赤字には決して向きません。危険な兆候は、日々の不足を借りて埋める、あるローンを別のローンで借り換える、家計が赤字のままローンに頼る、ことです。月をしのぐために消費者ローンを使っているなら、問題はローンでなく家計で、さらなる高金利の債務は深めます。カードローンや消費者ローンの利用は、残高・返済負担・信用行動を通じて将来の住宅ローン審査にも響き得ることを覚えておきましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：貸金業者からの高い(多くは二桁の)金利。年収3分の1の総量規制の対象。短く必要で返済可能な緊急時にのみ適する。継続的な生活赤字や長寿命資産の資金にしない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/consumer-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-onethird-rule","faq:loan-finance-company-covered","faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:bank-card-loans","guide:consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","guide:debt-warning-signs","guide:secured-vs-unsecured"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","title":"指定信用情報機関 CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bank-card-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:bank-card-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"銀行カードローン","plainText":"銀行カードローンはリボ払いの無担保信用枠です。貸金業の3分の1規制の外ですが銀行は独自の限度を設け、金利は依然高いことが多く、その残高と返済行動は将来の住宅ローン審査に響き得ます。\nリボの構造・最低返済・金利・限度・住宅ローンへの影響。\n銀行のリボ払い無担保信用枠。\n貸金業の3分の1規制の外だが銀行は独自の限度を設ける。\n金利は依然高いことが多く、最低返済が残高を長引かせる。\n残高と返済行動が将来の住宅ローン審査に響き得る。\nリボの構造\n銀行カードローンは、銀行のリボ払い無担保信用枠で、限度まで引き出し柔軟に返済できます。銀行融資は貸金業の3分の1規制の外ですが、銀行は独自の返済能力の限度を設けます。金利は依然高いことが多く、低い最低返済のリボ構造が罠です。最低額だけを払うと、利息が積み上がる間、残高が何年も生き続け、管理できているように感じながら静かに大きな費用がかかります。\n住宅ローンへの影響\nカードローンの利用は、残高・返済負担率に加わる返済負担・信用行動を通じて住宅ローンの承認に響き得ます。使っていないカードローンの枠でさえ、貸し手が利用可能な信用を潜在的な債務と扱い得るため、借入余力を減らし得ます。住宅ローンを申し込む予定なら、残高を低く保ち、直前はリボ債務を避け、適切な場合は不要なリボ信用の解約を検討しましょう。銀行カードローンは限られた短期の流動性のためのもので、常設の資金源ではありません。\n押さえておきたい要点：銀行のリボ払い無担保信用枠。貸金業の3分の1規制の外だが銀行は独自の限度を設ける。金利は依然高いことが多く、最低返済が残高を長引かせる。残高と返済行動が将来の住宅ローン審査に響き得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/bank-card-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-bank-card-loan","faq:loan-card-loan-onethird","faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumer-loans","guide:consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","guide:debt-before-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","title":"指定信用情報機関 CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:credit-company-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:credit-company-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"信販・クレジット会社のローン","plainText":"信販・クレジット会社は、原則3分の1規制の対象となる分割払いやキャッシングの信用を提供します。金利と総コストを丁寧に確認しましょう。販売時の便利さは銀行ローンより高くつくことが多いです。\n信販会社・審査・金利・総コスト・規制。\n信販会社は分割払いやキャッシングの信用を提供する。\nキャッシングは原則、3分の1規制の対象となる貸金業の借入。\n販売時の便利さは銀行ローンより高くつくことが多い。\n月々でなく金利と総コストを比較する。\n信販ローンとは\n信販・クレジット会社は、購入のための分割払い信用やキャッシングを提供し、申込者を審査しリスクに応じて価格を決めます。これらの会社のキャッシングは原則、対象となる貸金業の借入なので、年収3分の1の総量規制に算入され、分割払いの購入信用は別の構造です。便利さは信用が販売時に利用できることですが、その便利さはしばしば、事前に銀行ローンを手配するより高い総コストを伴います。\n総コストを確認する\n金利と総コストを丁寧に確認し、同じ購入について銀行ローンと比較します。低い広告の月々は、特に長期やバルーンで、高い総融資コストを隠し得ます。これらの商品は規制され信用情報機関に報告されるため、その利用は信用情報にも現れ将来の借入に影響します。会計時に提示される既定の分割払いを受け入れるのでなく、総コストを理解して意図的に使いましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：信販会社は分割払いやキャッシングの信用を提供する。キャッシングは原則、3分の1規制の対象となる貸金業の借入。販売時の便利さは銀行ローンより高くつくことが多い。月々でなく金利と総コストを比較する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/credit-company-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-finance-company-covered"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumer-loans","guide:car-loans","guide:secured-vs-unsecured"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","title":"指定信用情報機関 CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:car-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:car-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の自動車ローン","plainText":"まず車両の現金価格を交渉し、次に総コストで銀行の自動車ローンとディーラー分割を比較します。常に借換や転売ができると仮定する残価(バルーン)構造に注意し、車の耐用年数を超える期間を避けます。\n銀行ローン・ディーラー分割・残価ローン・バルーンのリスク。\n車両の現金価格を融資と別に交渉する。\n銀行の自動車ローンは利息が明確なことが多く、通常は車を所有する。\nディーラー分割は便利だが値引きと残価バルーンを抱き合わせ得る。\n車の耐用年数を超える期間を避ける。\n銀行ローンとディーラー分割\n自動車ローンは、銀行(または提携先)か、販売時に手配されるディーラー分割から得られます。銀行の自動車ローンは利息が明確なことが多く、通常は車を完全に所有します。ディーラー分割は便利で、販促値引きや、将来の車両価値を前提に月々を下げる残価(バルーン)プランが付き得ます。落とし穴は、ディーラーの値引きと融資条件がしばしば絡み合うことです。「安い」融資金利が高い車両価格を伴い得ます。\nバルーンのリスクと期間\n二つの判断を分けます。現金払いのつもりで車両の現金価格を交渉し、次にその価格に対する総融資コストで融資を比較します。残価型は、想定される将来の車両価値に一部基づいて支払いを決め、バルーンや返却条件を残します。借換や転売が常にバルーンを賄うと仮定すると危険です。車は減価資産なので、過大な車両価格・賄えないバルーン・車の耐用年数を超える期間を避けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：車両の現金価格を融資と別に交渉する。銀行の自動車ローンは利息が明確なことが多く、通常は車を所有する。ディーラー分割は便利だが値引きと残価バルーンを抱き合わせ得る。車の耐用年数を超える期間を避ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/car-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-auto-bank-loan","faq:loan-dealer-financing-cheaper","faq:loan-residual-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:bank-vs-dealer-car-loan","guide:secured-vs-unsecured"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:education-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:education-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の教育ローン","plainText":"教育ローンは、公的・民間のルートで学費と関連費用を賄います。現実的な返済計画で借り、親が退職を圧迫する債務を負うことや、不確実で高額なプログラムのための借入に慎重になりましょう。\n公的・民間のルート・親の借入・条件・返済。\n公的・民間のルートが学費と関連費用を賄う。\n親が借りる構造も、学生が借りる構造もある。\n現実的な返済計画と理解できる条件で借りる。\n親の退職への圧迫と、不確実で高額なプログラムに慎重になる。\n公的・民間のルート\n教育ローンは、学費と関連する教育費のための目的融資で、公的ルートと民間(銀行など)の貸し手から利用できます。親が借りて返す構造も、学生が借りる構造もあり、条件・金利・返済スケジュールはルートで異なります。具体的な需要について選択肢を比較し、誰が責任を負い返済がいつ始まるかを理解しましょう。返済を据え置く学生ローンは、現在の収入から返す親のローンとは大きく異なる挙動をします。\n現実的な計画で借りる\n教育は人的資本への支出で、そのための借入は健全になり得ますが、現実的な返済計画があってこそです。二つの状況で慎重に。親が自らの退職を圧迫する債務を負うこと、そして見返りが不明確な不確実または非常に高額なプログラムのための借入です。借入を信頼できる期待成果に合わせ、親の退職の安全を保ち、合う場合は公的・低コストのルートを優先しましょう。子の教育の感情的な重みが、その債務が返済可能かの冷静な検討を上回らないようにしましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：公的・民間のルートが学費と関連費用を賄う。親が借りる構造も、学生が借りる構造もある。現実的な返済計画と理解できる条件で借りる。親の退職への圧迫と、不確実で高額なプログラムに慎重になる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/education-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-education-loan"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:borrowing-guide","guide:debt-warning-signs"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sole-proprietor-business-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:sole-proprietor-business-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"個人事業主の事業ローン","plainText":"個人事業主は、確定申告・決算・事業目的の分析を使い、生産的な運転資金や設備のための事業ローンを得られますが、成り立たない事業を支えるために自宅の担保価値を使ってはいけません。\n確定申告・運転資金・設備・保証・自宅担保のリスク。\n審査は確定申告・決算・事業目的の分析を使う。\n損失の穴埋めでなく、生産的な運転資金や設備に最適。\n保証や個人責任が一般的。理解する。\n成り立たない事業を支えるために自宅の担保価値を使わない。\n審査の仕組み\n個人事業主は、決算・確定申告・事業目的の分析を使って事業ローンを得られます。貸し手は事業の健全性と資金の生産的な用途を評価します。収入を生む運転資金や設備が適切な用途です。貸し手は複数年の申告を見て事業の安定性と継続性を検討するため、借入が単に穴を埋めるのでなくどうリターンを生むかを説明できるようにしましょう。\n自宅担保のリスク\n特有の危険は、成り立たない事業を支えるために自宅の担保価値を使うことです。不動産担保ローンや個人保証は、事業のリスクを住まいを失うリスクに変え得、うまくいかない事業に借りたお金を注ぐことは、通常は損失を救うのでなく深めます。署名前に保証と個人責任を理解し、可能な限り事業と家計の財務を分け、事業が成り立つかを自分に正直に問いましょう。ローンは壊れた事業モデルを直せません。\n押さえておきたい要点：審査は確定申告・決算・事業目的の分析を使う。損失の穴埋めでなく、生産的な運転資金や設備に最適。保証や個人責任が一般的。理解する。成り立たない事業を支えるために自宅の担保価値を使わない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/sole-proprietor-business-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-sole-proprietor-business"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-secured-loans","guide:employment-mortgage-approval","guide:debt-warning-signs"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:secured-vs-unsecured:ja","entityId":"guide:secured-vs-unsecured","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"担保付きローンと無担保ローン","plainText":"担保付きは担保を差し入れ、低金利・長期の代わりに債務不履行で資産を失うリスクがあります。無担保は担保不要ですがはるかに高くつきます。ローンを買うものの寿命に合わせ、長寿命資産を短期・高金利の債務で賄わないこと。\nコスト・期間・担保・審査・債務不履行の帰結。\n担保付き：低金利・長期だが債務不履行で資産が危険。\n無担保：担保不要だがはるかに高金利・短期。\nローンの期間とコストを買うものの寿命に合わせる。\n長寿命資産を短期・高金利の債務で賄わない。\n中核の違い\n担保付きローンは担保(最も重要なのは不動産への抵当権登記)を差し入れます。だからこそ住宅ローンや不動産担保ローンは最低金利・最長期間です。その安い信用の代償は担保リスクで、債務不履行は強制執行と資産の喪失を招き得ます。無担保ローン(カードローンや消費者ローン)は登記された担保が不要なので速く、特定の資産を賭けませんが、はるかに高い(多くは二桁の)金利と短い期間を伴います。\nローンを買うものに合わせる\n実務的なルールは、ローンの期間とコストを買うものの寿命に合わせることです。住まいのような長寿命資産は長期の担保付きローンに、短期の必要な支出は短い無担保ローンで素早く返すのに向きます。決してしてはいけないのは、長寿命資産(または継続的な生活赤字)を短期・高金利の無担保債務で賄うことです。コストが複利で膨らみ、不整合が罠になります。各々の債務不履行の帰結を理解しましょう。無担保の不履行は信用を毀損し、担保付きの不履行は資産を失わせなお不足額を残し得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：担保付き：低金利・長期だが債務不履行で資産が危険。無担保：担保不要だがはるかに高金利・短期。ローンの期間とコストを買うものの寿命に合わせる。長寿命資産を短期・高金利の債務で賄わない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/secured-vs-unsecured","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured","faq:loan-secure-consumer-spending"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-loans-work","guide:property-secured-loans","guide:consumer-loans"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:debt-warning-signs:ja","entityId":"guide:debt-warning-signs","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"危険な借金の使い方","plainText":"最も明確な危険信号は、継続的な生活赤字を借りて埋める、あるローンを別で借り換える、粗利回りや将来の借換で投機的な不動産を買う、不確実な賞与で返済能力を組む、ことです。\n生活赤字・借換の連鎖・投機的な不動産・賞与依存。\n継続的な生活赤字を借りて埋めるのは危険信号。\n生き延びるために別のローンで借り換えると問題が膨らむ。\n粗利回りや将来の借換で買う投機的な不動産は危険。\n不確実な賞与で返済能力を組むのは脆い。\n危険な兆候\nある種の借金の使い方は確実に問題を招きます。継続的な生活赤字を借りて埋めるのは、家計が赤字で借金がそれを覆い隠しているということ。支払いを続けるために別のローンで借り換えるのは、残高を膨らませる連鎖。純キャッシュフローでなく粗利回りで投機的な不動産を買う、または取引成立を将来の借換に頼るのは、崩れ得る仮定への賭け。不確実な賞与で返済能力を組むのは、賞与が縮むとさらされる。いずれも、借金では解決できない問題の解決策として借金を扱っています。\n代わりにすること\nこれらの兆候に気づいたら、答えはさらなる借入ではありません。構造的な赤字にならないよう家計を直す。住宅ローンや生活の不足を高金利の消費者信用で埋めない。投資は粗利回りや期待する借換でなく現実的な純数字で採算を見る。返済能力は安定した基本収入に基づき、賞与は賞与として扱う。すでに深刻なら、借り直して清算を先延ばしにするのでなく、早めに独立した助言(貸し手・公的な相談窓口・専門家)を受けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：継続的な生活赤字を借りて埋めるのは危険信号。生き延びるために別のローンで借り換えると問題が膨らむ。粗利回りや将来の借換で買う投機的な不動産は危険。不確実な賞与で返済能力を組むのは脆い。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/debt-warning-signs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-borrow-down-payment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:borrowing-guide","guide:consumer-loans","guide:debt-before-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","title":"指定信用情報機関 CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:loan-application-checklist:ja","entityId":"guide:loan-application-checklist","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ローン申込の準備","plainText":"申込前に、CIC・JICCの信用情報を確認し、すべての債務とリボの枠を棚卸し、収入と税の書類を揃え、照会の集中や直近の転職・新規債務を避けるよう申込の時期を計ります。\n信用情報・債務の棚卸・書類・申込の時期。\n申込前にCIC・JICCの信用情報の問題を確認する。\nすべての債務とリボの枠を棚卸する。未使用の枠も余力を減らす。\n申告と一致する収入・税の書類を揃える。\n照会の集中や直近の変化を避けるよう申込時期を計る。\n記録と債務の棚卸\nまず自分の信用情報をCIC・JICCで確認しましょう。特に延滞・本人情報の一致・古い口座に疑いがあるなら、申込前のほうが問題を訂正しやすいです。次にすべての債務とリボの信用枠を棚卸します。貸し手は返済負担率にそれらを算入し、使っていないカードローンの枠でも借入余力を減らし得るためです。適切な場合は不要なリボ信用を解約し、比率を圧迫する残高を返済しましょう。\n書類と時期\n収入と税の書類(源泉徴収票・課税証明、自営は確定申告)を揃え、申告と一致させましょう。事前審査と最終書類の相違は否決を招き得るためです。申込直前の照会の集中(申込照会は記録され、CICでは6か月)を避け、直近の転職や新規借入(ファイルを弱める)を避けるよう時期を計ります。最も安全な最初の一歩は、保守的な予算・信用の確認・比較のためのいくつかの日付入りローン試算です。\n押さえておきたい要点：申込前にCIC・JICCの信用情報の問題を確認する。すべての債務とリボの枠を棚卸する。未使用の枠も余力を減らす。申告と一致する収入・税の書類を揃える。照会の集中や直近の変化を避けるよう申込時期を計る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/loan-application-checklist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-check-own-credit","faq:loan-multiple-applications","faq:loan-after-decline"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:credit-records-japan","guide:debt-before-mortgage","guide:mortgage-document-checklist"]},"sources":[{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","title":"指定信用情報機関 CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jicc-credit","publisher":"株式会社日本信用情報機構","title":"日本信用情報機構 JICC","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:debt-before-mortgage:ja","entityId":"guide:debt-before-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"借入が住宅ローン審査に与える影響","plainText":"既存の債務は返済負担率を通じて承認される住宅ローン額を減らし、使っていないカードの枠・自動車ローン・リボ残高・直近の申込もすべて不利に働き得ます。申込前に整理しましょう。\nカードの枠・自動車ローン・リボ残高・新規申込・返済。\n既存の債務は返済負担率を通じて承認される住宅ローン額を減らす。\n使っていないカードローンの枠でも借入余力を減らし得る。\n自動車ローンやリボ残高が不利に働く。\n直近の申込や新規債務はファイルを弱める。先に整理する。\n既存の債務がどう効くか\n住宅ローンの貸し手は、返済負担率(年間返済額÷審査対象の収入)に既存の債務を算入するため、自動車ローン・リボのカードローン残高・その他の債務は、承認される住宅ローン額を直接減らします。使っていないカードローンの枠でも余力を減らし得ます。貸し手が利用可能な信用を潜在的な債務と扱い得るためです。すでに割り当てられた余力が多いほど、住宅ローンに残る分は少なくなります。\n申込前に整理する\n住宅ローンを申し込む前に、債務の状況を整理しましょう。リボ残高を返済または解約し、不要なカードローンの枠の解約を検討し、直前に新しい自動車ローンや他の債務を負うのを避けます。新規申込の集中を避けましょう。照会は記録され困窮に見え得るためです。事前審査から決済までの間に新しい信用を開かないこと。目標は、低い返済負担率・きれいな信用情報・疑問を招く直近の変化がない状態で審査に臨むことです。\n押さえておきたい要点：既存の債務は返済負担率を通じて承認される住宅ローン額を減らす。使っていないカードローンの枠でも借入余力を減らし得る。自動車ローンやリボ残高が不利に働く。直近の申込や新規債務はファイルを弱める。先に整理する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/debt-before-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage","faq:loan-multiple-applications","faq:loan-borrow-down-payment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:loan-application-checklist","guide:credit-records-japan","guide:debt-to-income-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","title":"指定信用情報機関 CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jicc-credit","publisher":"株式会社日本信用情報機構","title":"日本信用情報機構 JICC","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローンFAQ","plainText":"このハブは、日本で住宅ローンを組み管理する際の最もよくある質問に答えます。\n日本の住宅ローンの仕組み・金利・手数料・審査・返済に関するよくある質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、日本で住宅ローンを組み管理する際の最もよくある質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある22件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（日本の住宅ローンの仕組み・金利・手数料・審査・返済に関するよくある質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-how-many-lenders","faq:loan-what-apr","faq:loan-total-cost","faq:loan-what-base-rate","faq:loan-what-preferential","faq:loan-discount-disappear","faq:loan-what-fixed","faq:loan-what-variable","faq:loan-what-collateral","faq:loan-what-guarantee-company","faq:loan-guarantee-erase-debt","faq:loan-what-amortization","faq:loan-level-principal-interest","faq:loan-level-principal","faq:loan-what-early-repayment","faq:loan-early-always-best","faq:loan-term-vs-payment-reduction","faq:loan-online-early-free","faq:loan-late-payment","faq:loan-borrow-maximum"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgages-japan","guide:borrowing-guide","guide:mortgage-rates","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreigner-mortgage-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:foreigner-mortgage-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人の住宅ローンFAQ","plainText":"このハブは、外国人居住者が日本での購入と融資について最もよく尋ねる質問に答えます。\n永住・非永住のルート・言語・配偶者・書類・英語対応に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、外国人居住者が日本での購入と融資について最もよく尋ねる質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある11件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（永住・非永住のルート・言語・配偶者・書類・英語対応に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/foreigner-mortgage-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-buy-foreigner","faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-pr-mandatory","faq:loan-pr-still-helpful","faq:loan-japanese-spouse","faq:loan-english-support","faq:loan-japanese-language","faq:loan-no-japanese-guarantor","faq:loan-overseas-income","faq:loan-income-documents","faq:loan-borrow-down-payment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:foreigner-mortgage-checker"]},"sources":[{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"tokyostar-mortgage","publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","title":"Star Mortgage housing loan","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"suruga-mortgage","publisher":"Suruga Bank","title":"Foreign-national home loan","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-approval-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-approval-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン審査・雇用FAQ","plainText":"このハブは、貸し手がどう審査し、なぜ承認が成否を分けるかに関する質問に答えます。\n事前審査・本審査・雇用形態・信用情報・収入書類に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、貸し手がどう審査し、なぜ承認が成否を分けるかに関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある19件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（事前審査・本審査・雇用形態・信用情報・収入書類に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-approval-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-preapproval","faq:loan-what-final-approval","faq:loan-approval-fail","faq:loan-preapproval-valid","faq:loan-preapproval-final","faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval","faq:loan-change-jobs","faq:loan-job-changer","faq:loan-probationary","faq:loan-contract-employee","faq:loan-sole-proprietor","faq:loan-years-income-history","faq:loan-bonus-income","faq:loan-credit-record","faq:loan-check-own-credit","faq:loan-multiple-applications","faq:loan-serious-records-remain","faq:loan-after-decline","faq:loan-income-documents"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:preapproval-final-approval","guide:employment-mortgage-approval","guide:credit-records-japan","guide:mortgage-income-documents"]},"sources":[{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","title":"指定信用情報機関 CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jicc-credit","publisher":"株式会社日本信用情報機構","title":"日本信用情報機構 JICC","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-rates-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-rates-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"金利・返済FAQ","plainText":"このハブは、金利がどう決まり、どう変わり、返済がどう機能するかに関する質問に答えます。\n基準・優遇金利、変動金利のルール、返済方法に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、金利がどう決まり、どう変わり、返済がどう機能するかに関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある20件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（基準・優遇金利、変動金利のルール、返済方法に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-rates-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-base-rate","faq:loan-what-preferential","faq:loan-discount-disappear","faq:loan-what-fixed","faq:loan-what-variable","faq:loan-variable-change-frequency","faq:loan-five-year-rule","faq:loan-125-rule","faq:loan-all-variable-rules","faq:loan-unpaid-interest","faq:loan-variable-risky","faq:loan-rate-rise","faq:loan-fixed-risk-free","faq:loan-fixed-period","faq:loan-after-fixed-period","faq:loan-what-mixed","faq:loan-mixing-reduce-risk","faq:loan-what-amortization","faq:loan-level-principal-interest","faq:loan-level-principal"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:interest-rates","guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:five-year-125-percent-rule","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:flat-35-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35FAQ","plainText":"このハブは、全期間固定のフラット35に関する最もよくある質問に答えます。\nフラット35とは何か、要件、物件基準、優遇制度に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、全期間固定のフラット35に関する最もよくある質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある11件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（フラット35とは何か、要件、物件基準、優遇制度に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/flat-35-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-flat35","faq:loan-flat35-government","faq:loan-flat35-always-35","faq:loan-flat35-same-everywhere","faq:loan-flat35-used-home","faq:loan-flat35-second-home","faq:loan-flat35-investment","faq:loan-what-flat35s","faq:loan-what-flat35-child","faq:loan-flat35-discounts-permanent","faq:loan-flat35-ratios"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:flat-35s","guide:flat-35-child-rearing-plus","guide:flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jhf-flat35-rates","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 product and rate information","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aruhi-flat35","publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","title":"ARUHI Flat 35 rates and products","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:buying-property-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:buying-property-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産購入プロセスFAQ","plainText":"このハブは、日本で不動産を買う段階的なプロセスに関する質問に答えます。\n買付・契約・手付・住宅ローン特約・決済・必要現金に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、日本で不動産を買う段階的なプロセスに関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある14件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（買付・契約・手付・住宅ローン特約・決済・必要現金に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/buying-property-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-fees-outside-price","faq:loan-earnest-extra-cost","faq:loan-earnest-money-size","faq:loan-financing-clause","faq:loan-deposit-returned","faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval","faq:loan-brokerage-commission","faq:loan-developer-brokerage","faq:loan-judicial-scrivener","faq:loan-all-savings-down","faq:loan-how-much-down","faq:loan-zero-down-safe","faq:loan-records-keep"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:buying-property-japan","guide:property-buying-checklist","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:mortgage-financing-clause"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-inspection-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:property-inspection-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"物件の状態・検査FAQ","plainText":"このハブは、物件の状態・適法性・リスクの評価に関する質問に答えます。\n検査・瑕疵・耐震基準・ハザードマップ・物件の形態に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、物件の状態・適法性・リスクの評価に関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある19件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（検査・瑕疵・耐震基準・ハザードマップ・物件の形態に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-inspection-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-inspection","faq:loan-inspection-guarantee","faq:loan-who-selects-inspector","faq:loan-defect-insurance","faq:loan-new-seismic","faq:loan-avoid-pre-1981","faq:loan-hazard-map","faq:loan-outside-hazard-zone","faq:loan-what-freehold","faq:loan-what-leasehold","faq:loan-leasehold-bad","faq:loan-fixed-term-leasehold","faq:loan-non-rebuildable","faq:loan-mortgage-non-rebuildable","faq:loan-vacant-house","faq:loan-vacant-cheap-renovate","faq:loan-stigmatized","faq:loan-disclose-forever","faq:loan-condo-check"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:earthquake-standards","guide:hazard-maps"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-inspection","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Existing-home condition inspection framework","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-hazard-map","publisher":"国土交通省","title":"ハザードマップポータル","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-cost-tax-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:property-cost-tax-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産の費用・税金FAQ","plainText":"このハブは、不動産の購入・保有・売却の費用と税金に関する質問に答えます。\n諸費用・登記・取得税・固定資産税・住宅ローン控除に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、不動産の購入・保有・売却の費用と税金に関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある16件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（諸費用・登記・取得税・固定資産税・住宅ローン控除に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-cost-tax-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fees-outside-price","faq:loan-registration-tax","faq:loan-acquisition-tax","faq:loan-fixed-asset-tax","faq:loan-city-planning-tax","faq:loan-prorate-fixed-asset","faq:loan-mortgage-tax-deduction","faq:loan-deduction-automatic","faq:loan-deduction-income-limit","faq:loan-file-first-year","faq:loan-selling-tax","faq:loan-sale-price-minus-purchase","faq:loan-30-million-deduction","faq:loan-inheritance-registration","faq:loan-spouses-5050","faq:loan-unequal-gift-tax"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-closing-costs","guide:fixed-asset-tax","guide:mortgage-tax-deduction","guide:property-capital-gains-tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-mortgage-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Housing-loan tax deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"tokyo-fixed-asset-tax","publisher":"東京都主税局","title":"固定資産税・都市計画税（土地・家屋）","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-property-sale","publisher":"国税庁","title":"土地や建物を売ったとき（譲渡所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:homeownership-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:homeownership-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅保有・賃貸・売却FAQ","plainText":"このハブは、日本で家を持つ継続的な義務と選択肢に関する質問に答えます。\n管理費・積立金・保険・賃貸化・民泊・海外転居に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、日本で家を持つ継続的な義務と選択肢に関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある18件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（管理費・積立金・保険・賃貸化・民泊・海外転居に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/homeownership-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-fees","faq:loan-repair-reserve","faq:loan-reserve-rise","faq:loan-special-assessment","faq:loan-renovate-condo","faq:loan-replace-windows","faq:loan-pets","faq:loan-rent-out-mortgaged","faq:loan-airbnb-condo","faq:loan-180-days","faq:loan-move-overseas","faq:loan-leave-vacant","faq:loan-emergency-cash-owner","faq:loan-fire-insurance-mandatory","faq:loan-fire-earthquake-fire","faq:loan-earthquake-rebuild","faq:loan-condo-earthquake","faq:loan-bundle-insurance"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:homeownership-japan","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home","guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"gia-earthquake","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Earthquake insurance guidance","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-minpaku","publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","title":"Private-lodging (minpaku) portal","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-investment-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:property-investment-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産投資FAQ","plainText":"このハブは、日本の不動産を投資として採算評価することに関する質問に答えます。\n利回り・NOI・DSCR・居住偽装・売却など不動産投資に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、日本の不動産を投資として採算評価することに関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある16件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（利回り・NOI・DSCR・居住偽装・売却など不動産投資に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-investment-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-good-investment","faq:loan-tokyo-liquid","faq:loan-regional-yields","faq:loan-gross-yield","faq:loan-residential-for-investment","faq:loan-misstate-occupancy","faq:loan-what-apartment-loan","faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse","faq:loan-estimate-resale","faq:loan-homes-depreciate","faq:loan-station-distance","faq:loan-resale-difficult","faq:loan-rental-income-taxable","faq:loan-deduct-mortgage-from-rent","faq:loan-interest-deductible-rental","faq:loan-depreciation-cash"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:investment-property-loans","guide:home-vs-investment-property","guide:property-investment-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"stat-housing-survey","publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","title":"Housing and Land Survey","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nta-real-estate-income","publisher":"国税庁","title":"不動産収入を受け取ったとき（不動産所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:consumer-loan-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:consumer-loan-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"消費者ローン・カードローンFAQ","plainText":"このハブは、高金利の消費者信用と、それが住宅ローンに与える影響に関する質問に答えます。\n消費者ローン・銀行カードローン・総量規制・住宅ローンへの影響に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、高金利の消費者信用と、それが住宅ローンに与える影響に関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある8件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（消費者ローン・銀行カードローン・総量規制・住宅ローンへの影響に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/consumer-loan-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-bank-card-loan","faq:loan-card-loan-onethird","faq:loan-finance-company-covered","faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage","faq:loan-onethird-rule","faq:loan-borrow-down-payment","faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured","faq:loan-secure-consumer-spending"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumer-loans","guide:bank-card-loans","guide:consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","guide:debt-before-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","title":"指定信用情報機関 CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:car-education-loan-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:car-education-loan-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"自動車ローン・教育ローンFAQ","plainText":"このハブは、日本の自動車ローンと教育ローンに関する質問に答えます。\n銀行とディーラーの自動車ローン、残価プラン、教育ローンに関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、日本の自動車ローンと教育ローンに関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある6件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（銀行とディーラーの自動車ローン、残価プラン、教育ローンに関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/car-education-loan-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-auto-bank-loan","faq:loan-dealer-financing-cheaper","faq:loan-residual-value","faq:loan-what-education-loan","faq:loan-sole-proprietor-business","faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:car-loans","guide:education-loans","guide:bank-vs-dealer-car-loan","guide:sole-proprietor-business-loans"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Money Lending Business Act guidance","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-advertising-rates:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-advertising-rates","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン広告の落とし穴","plainText":"低い広告金利は通常「最良ケース」です。LTV80%以下を要し、最大割引を前提とし、口座やサービスの条件に依存し、保険特約を除外し、審査後により高いリスク価格に置き換わり得ます。\n表面金利・最大割引・サービス条件・引受上乗せ。\n表面金利は最大割引とLTV80%以下を前提とすることが多い。\n割引は維持すべき口座やサービスの条件に依存し得る。\n保険特約や期間上乗せが実際の金利に加わる。\n審査が目玉金利をより高いリスク価格に置き換え得る。\n表面金利が誤解を招く理由\n低い広告金利は最良ケースの数字です。全期間固定と明示されない限り、実行前に変わる、実行後に変わる、LTV80%以下を要する、口座やサービスの条件を含む、任意の保険特約を除外する、審査後により高い「保証付き」やリスク価格に置き換わる、といったことがあります。広告は名目金利を強調し手数料を別記するため、表面は総コストを反映しません。\n代わりにすること\nすべての広告金利を出発点と捉え、実際のLTV・期間・優遇幅・手数料・保険上乗せ・サービス条件を記した日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。貸し手の主ページと詳細コースのページは異なり得るため突き合わせます。そのうえで、最大の広告割引でなく、想定保有期間での総コストを各社で比較しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：表面金利は最大割引とLTV80%以下を前提とすることが多い。割引は維持すべき口座やサービスの条件に依存し得る。保険特約や期間上乗せが実際の金利に加わる。審査が目玉金利をより高いリスク価格に置き換え得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-advertising-rates","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-discount-disappear","faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:read-mortgage-quote","guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:read-mortgage-quote:ja","entityId":"guide:read-mortgage-quote","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローンの見積りの読み方","plainText":"有用な見積りは、実行月金利・基準金利と永続的な優遇幅・事務手数料と保証料・保険上乗せ・LTVと期間の上乗せ・実行日と有効期限を示します。金利だけでなくすべてを読みましょう。\n金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険・期間上乗せ・実行日。\n実行月金利と優遇幅が永続かを確認する。\n事務手数料・保証料・保険上乗せを読む。\nLTV・期間の上乗せと実行日・有効期限を控える。\nレポートが「直接の日付入り見積りが必要」とする項目を尋ねる。\n読むべき項目\n各貸し手に、次を記した日付入りの書面を求めます。実行月金利、基準金利と永続的な優遇幅、LTV上乗せ・期間上乗せ・固定期間後の優遇、金利見直しの時期と5年・125%の扱い、事務手数料・保証料・鑑定料・登記概算・繰上返済手数料、標準団信とがん/重病やペアの上乗せ、そして手続き(事前・本審査の書類、審査期間、有効期限、金利固定のルール、オンラインか店舗か、英語対応、必要な口座/サービスの抱き合わせ)です。これらがまさに各社で比較すべき項目です。\n直接の見積りが必要な項目\n広告からは読み取れず、直接の日付入り見積りが必要な項目があります。総費用の実効APR、実際の最低所得、勤続年数の最低要件、非永住者の適格性、鑑定手法、そして本審査と実行だけが決める実際に得られる金利です。これらは「見積り必須」で推測しないものと扱い、現行金利を検索スニペットや古いページに頼らないこと。\n押さえておきたい要点：実行月金利と優遇幅が永続かを確認する。事務手数料・保証料・保険上乗せを読む。LTV・期間の上乗せと実行日・有効期限を控える。レポートが「直接の日付入り見積りが必要」とする項目を尋ねる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/read-mortgage-quote","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-total-cost"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-advertising-rates","guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compare-property-listings:ja","entityId":"guide:compare-property-listings","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"物件掲載の比べ方","plainText":"表面価格と写真だけでなく、㎡単価・土地の持分・管理と積立の質・築年・立地と駅距離・法的状態(再建築可否・借地・災害)で掲載を比較します。\n㎡単価・土地の持分・管理・築年・立地・法的状態。\n総額でなく㎡単価と土地の持分を比較する。\nマンションは管理と積立の質を重視する。\n築年・立地・駅距離を価値に織り込む。\n法的状態(再建築可否・借地・災害リスク)を確認する。\n比較の前に揃える\n同じ価格の二つの掲載も大きく異なり得ます。揃えましょう。㎡単価を計算し、長期の価値を左右する土地の持分を控え、マンションでは安く見える費用に対し管理と積立の質を比較します。築年・立地・駅距離を織り込み、掲載の数字を信じず国交省ライブラリやREINSの取引事例に照らして募集価格を確認します。\n法的状態を確認する\n低価格はしばしば法的・物理的な制約を映します。各掲載の法的状態を確認します。再建築可能で十分な接道があるか、所有権か借地権か(借地なら種類と残存期間)、災害リスクです。再建築不可・残存期間の短い借地・高い災害リスクの安い掲載は、より高い一般的な所有権物件とは比較になりません。違いは数字でなく制約にあります。\n押さえておきたい要点：総額でなく㎡単価と土地の持分を比較する。マンションは管理と積立の質を重視する。築年・立地・駅距離を価値に織り込む。法的状態(再建築可否・借地・災害リスク)を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/compare-property-listings","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-estimate-resale","faq:loan-station-distance","faq:loan-non-rebuildable"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:finding-property","guide:property-resale-value","guide:evaluating-condominium"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"reins-market","publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","title":"REINS Market Information","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:research-status:ja","entityId":"guide:research-status","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"未確定の住宅ローン・不動産データ","plainText":"金利やキャンペーンは毎月変わり、一部の公式ページは動的なため、いくつかの項目は静的なガイドで固定できません。これらは「直接の日付入り見積りが必要」とし、推測しません。\n未確認の項目・古いデータ・現在の調査待ち。\n金利やキャンペーンは毎月、申込と実行の間でも変わる。\n一部の公式ページは動的で、2026年8月1日に全項目を表示しなかった。\n未確認の項目は推測せず明示する。\nこのページは直接の見積りが必要な項目を管理する。\n一部の項目を固定できない理由\n真に網羅的な商品別ディレクトリは静的なガイドで固定できません。金利やキャンペーンは毎月、申込と実行の間でも変わるためです。いくつかの公式ページは動的で、2026年8月1日の取得テキストに全数値項目を出しませんでした。これらは推測せず「直接の日付入り見積りが必要」とします。例えばPayPay銀行の基準金利やSBI新生の8月の提示は確実には取得できず、JHFの公式ページは8月1日時点でなお7月を表示する一方、各社ページは更新後の3.29%を示しました。\n主な未確定項目\n主な未確定・非標準化の項目は、各社の総費用実効APR、普遍的な審査期間、実際の最低所得、勤続年数の最低要件、各行の非永住者の適格性、鑑定手法、保証される取得可能金利、英語対応の質、地方銀行・信用組合の全国比較、投資ローンの金利、リバースモーゲージの遡及と相続人の扱い、仲介・エージェントの利益相反、リフォームと検査の価格です。いずれも一般的な数字に頼らず、自分のケースについて直接の日付入り見積りを取りましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：金利やキャンペーンは毎月、申込と実行の間でも変わる。一部の公式ページは動的で、2026年8月1日に全項目を表示しなかった。未確認の項目は推測せず明示する。このページは直接の見積りが必要な項目を管理する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/research-status","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-rate-history","guide:read-mortgage-quote","guide:mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35-rates","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 product and rate information","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-mortgage","publisher":"PayPay Bank","title":"PayPay Bank mortgage","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/mortgage/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"shinsei-mortgage","publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","title":"PowerSmart housing loan","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/powersmart/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-rate-history:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-rate-history","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン金利の確認と変更履歴","plainText":"金利は毎月変わるため確認日とともに記録します。2026年8月1日時点で、日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%、標準フラット35は21〜35年で約3.29%、いくつかの貸し手はさらなる上昇を予告していました。\n現行・過去の日付入り記録、実行日、各社の告知。\n金利は確認日と実行月とともに記録する。\n2026年8月1日時点：日銀目標約1.0%、標準フラット35は21〜35年約3.29%。\nみずほは2027年1月から変動1.275%以上を予告、PayPayは2026年9月から長期上乗せを引き上げ。\n申込時と実行時に常に現行金利を確認する。\n金利に日付を付ける理由\n住宅ローン金利は毎月、時に申込と実行の間でも変わるため、確認した日付とともに記録します。2026年8月1日(日本時間)時点で、日銀の誘導目標は6月の決定後で約1.0%、無担保コール翌日物の平均は7月末で約0.977%、標準フラット35は各社で21〜35年約3.29%(JHFの公式ページは8月1日時点でなお7月の3.14%を表示)、主要行はプライムレートの引き上げを公表・実施していました。\n予告された変更\n一部の貸し手は将来の変更を公表しており、計画に最も有用な数字です。みずほは新規変動約1.025%からとし2027年1月以降1.275%以上を警告、りそなは2026年10月のプライムレート変更(一部返済に2027年1月以降影響)を告知、PayPay銀行の35年超の長期上乗せは2026年9月1日以降の実行で上がります。今日の金利だけでなく告知された将来の返済額を試算し、申込時と実行時に日付入り見積りで現行金利を必ず確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：金利は確認日と実行月とともに記録する。2026年8月1日時点：日銀目標約1.0%、標準フラット35は21〜35年約3.29%。みずほは2027年1月から変動1.275%以上を予告、PayPayは2026年9月から長期上乗せを引き上げ。申込時と実行時に常に現行金利を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-rate-history","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-rate-rise","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-rates","guide:research-status","guide:mortgage-advertising-rates"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"boj-call-rate","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Uncollateralized overnight call rate","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/statistics/market/short/mutan/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35-rates","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 product and rate information","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compare-mortgages-methodology:ja","entityId":"guide:compare-mortgages-methodology","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローンの比較方法","plainText":"同じ実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間で比較し、広告金利と現実の審査結果を分け、手数料を総コストに正規化し、推測せず直接の見積りが必要な項目を明示します。\n金利の扱い・手数料の正規化・実行日・適格性・未確定項目。\n同じ実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間で比較する。\n広告金利と現実の審査結果を分ける。\n事務手数料・保証料・保険を総コストに正規化する。\n未確定項目は推測せず「見積り必須」と明示する。\n比較の方法\n公平に比較するため、変数を固定します。すべての貸し手で同じ実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間です。広告の実行金利と現実の審査結果を分けます。表面金利は最大割引と有利なLTVを前提とするためです。事務手数料(多くは2.20%)・保証料・鑑定・登記・保険上乗せを、保有期間の総内部コストに正規化します。5,000万円への2.20%手数料は他費用前で110万円で、短期保有ではわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n未確定項目の扱い\n公開ページからは標準化できない項目があります。総費用の実効APR、実際の最低所得、勤続年数の最低要件、非永住者の適格性、鑑定手法、実際に得られる金利です。これらは数字を推測せず直接の日付入り見積りが必要と明示し、価格は毎月変わるため各金利を確認日とともに記録します。貸し手のページが動的、または前月をなお表示していた場合は、古い数字を現行として示さずその旨を述べます。\n押さえておきたい要点：同じ実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間で比較する。広告金利と現実の審査結果を分ける。事務手数料・保証料・保険を総コストに正規化する。未確定項目は推測せず「見積り必須」と明示する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/compare-mortgages-methodology","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-how-many-lenders","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:read-mortgage-quote","guide:mortgage-rate-history"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-portals:ja","entityId":"guide:property-portals","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の不動産ポータル","plainText":"不動産ポータル(SUUMO・アットホーム・HOME’S・Yahoo!不動産・ニフティ不動産・Real Estate Japan)は広告と発見のツールで、消費者は通常無料、広告主が費用を払い、重複・古い掲載が一般的です。\n掲載範囲・種類・言語・費用・鮮度・広告主モデル。\n消費者は通常無料。広告主や紹介先が費用を払う。\n掲載は重複・古い・見込み客獲得に最適化されていることがある。\nポータルは発見であり権利・法務・建物・財務の調査ではない。\n言語と英語対応はポータルで異なる。\n概要\nポータルは多くの仲介の掲載を集約するため、探索の自然な出発点である一方、重複・古い掲載の源でもあります。広告プラットフォームで、仲介が掲載料を払い、順位はしばしば見込み客獲得を優先するため、目立つ掲載が最良・最新とは限りません。ポータルで市場を理解し候補を特定し、次に具体的な物件の本格的な調査へ移りましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\nポータルが無料なのは広告主が払うからです。権利・適法性・状態・価格を独自に確認し、重複掲載は当然と捉えましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：消費者は通常無料。広告主や紹介先が費用を払う。掲載は重複・古い・見込み客獲得に最適化されていることがある。ポータルは発見であり権利・法務・建物・財務の調査ではない。言語と英語対応はポータルで異なる。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-portals","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:finding-property","guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","guide:suumo-portal","guide:lifull-homes-portal"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"reins-market","publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","title":"REINS Market Information","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:real-estate-brokerages:ja","entityId":"guide:real-estate-brokerages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産仲介会社","plainText":"仲介会社(三井のリハウス・住友不動産販売・東急リバブル・野村・三菱地所ハウスネット・センチュリー21加盟店)は通常手数料制です。誰を代理するか尋ね、免許を確認しましょう。\n地域・買主/売主対応・手数料・言語・免許。\n通常は手数料制で法定上限がある。\n掲載側は売主を代理または経済的に依存し得る。\n両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。\n支払う前に免許と行政処分を確認する。\n概要\n大手仲介は全国・地域で営業し、買主・売主の双方を扱います。通常は手数料制で、掲載側は売主を代理または依存し得るため、動機は自動的に買主と一致しません。大手ブランドでも利益相反はなくならず、むしろ代理関係と手数料の確認がより重要になります。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n誰を代理し両手仲介があるか尋ねましょう。ブランド名は売主側の利益相反を消しません。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：通常は手数料制で法定上限がある。掲載側は売主を代理または経済的に依存し得る。両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。支払う前に免許と行政処分を確認する。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/real-estate-brokerages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:real-estate-agents-japan","guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees","guide:mitsui-rehouse-profile","guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate:ja","entityId":"guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人対応の不動産会社","plainText":"外国人対応の会社(PLAZA HOMES・ケン・コーポレーション・Housing Japan・E-Housing・Japan Property Central・Tokyo Portfolio)は多様で、仲介もあればメディア/紹介業もあります。どちらか、助言が独立かを確認しましょう。\n言語・対応地域・住宅ローン支援・買主代理・手数料。\n言語対応は都市と取引で異なる。\n仲介もあればメディア/紹介業もある。\n英語サイト＝独立した買主代理ではない。\n免許・手数料・貸し手との関係・助言の独立性を確認する。\n概要\n外国人対応の会社は言語支援を掲げますが、この区分には本物の仲介とメディア・紹介業が混在します。言語支援も都市と取引で異なり、英語の広告ページ・通訳・英語での契約は別物です。頼る前に、免許・手数料・貸し手との関係・助言の独立性を確認しましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n「英語サイト」を独立した買主代理と思わないこと。その会社が仲介・ポータル・紹介・メディアのどれかを確認しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：言語対応は都市と取引で異なる。仲介もあればメディア/紹介業もある。英語サイト＝独立した買主代理ではない。免許・手数料・貸し手との関係・助言の独立性を確認する。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/foreign-friendly-real-estate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:plaza-homes-profile","guide:buyers-agents"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:buyers-agents:ja","entityId":"guide:buyers-agents","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の買主エージェント","plainText":"買主エージェントは物件探し・交渉・調査であなたを代理します。適切に動機づけられれば有用ですが、報酬の受け方と、売主から真に独立かを確認しましょう。\n代理・報酬・物件探し・交渉・調査・利益相反。\n物件探し・交渉・調査の代理を提供する。\n報酬の受け方(買主負担か貸し手/売主負担か)を確認する。\n適切に動機づけられた専門家はポータルにない判断を加える。\n双方の代理か、売買に直接の利害があるか尋ねる。\n概要\n買主エージェントは、あなたの利益を特に代理するはずのもので、あなたのために探索・交渉・調査を行います。価値は動機次第です。あなたが払い売主から独立したエージェントは本物の判断を提供でき、売買成立に報酬が依存するエージェントはそうでないことがあります。発見にはポータル、判断には適切に動機づけられた専門家を使いましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n買主エージェントの報酬の受け方を確認しましょう。代理は背後の動機次第です。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：物件探し・交渉・調査の代理を提供する。報酬の受け方(買主負担か貸し手/売主負担か)を確認する。適切に動機づけられた専門家はポータルにない判断を加える。双方の代理か、売買に直接の利害があるか尋ねる。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/buyers-agents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","guide:real-estate-agents-japan","guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-comparison-services:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-comparison-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン比較・仲介サービス","plainText":"住宅ローン比較サービス(価格.com・モゲチェック・銀行比較ポータル・フラット35の取扱機関検索)は借り手には無料で紹介報酬で成り立つことが多く、順位は参加商品を優先し得ます。どの金融機関が除外かを尋ねましょう。\n参加金融機関・紹介報酬・申込支援・除外。\n借り手には無料で紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つことが多い。\n順位は参加商品を優先し得る。\n比較からどの金融機関が除外かを尋ねる。\n独立した助言でなく見込みの入口として使う。\n概要\n比較サービスや住宅ローン仲介は、金利の集約と申込支援で時間を節約できますが、通常は紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つため、順位は参加商品を優先し他を除外し得ます。どの金融機関が含まれないかを尋ね、順位を独立した助言でなく見込みの入口と捉え、実際の提示を日付入り見積りで確認しましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n順位は参加金融機関を優先し他を除外し得ます。除外を尋ね、日付入り見積りで確認しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：借り手には無料で紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つことが多い。順位は参加商品を優先し得る。比較からどの金融機関が除外かを尋ねる。独立した助言でなく見込みの入口として使う。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-comparison-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:mortgage-lenders","guide:kakaku-mortgage-profile","guide:mogecheck-profile"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-valuation-services:ja","entityId":"guide:property-valuation-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産の査定サービス","plainText":"査定は、無料のAI査定や仲介査定(掲載獲得のため無料が多い)から、有資格の不動産鑑定士による有料でより堅牢な正式鑑定まであります。目的で選びましょう。\nAI査定・仲介査定・正式鑑定・費用・目的。\nAI査定や仲介査定は無料が多いが厳密さに欠ける。\n仲介査定が無料なのは掲載獲得を狙うから。\n有資格の鑑定士による正式鑑定は有料でより堅牢。\n目的(掲載・紛争・税・融資)で査定の種類を選ぶ。\n概要\n査定には段階があります。AI査定や仲介査定は速く無料が多いですが、仲介査定が無料なのはまさに掲載がほしいからで、利益相反です。有資格の不動産鑑定士による正式鑑定は有料でより堅牢ですが、なお判断に基づきます。目的に合わせて手段を選び、国交省の事例やREINSでどの査定も検証できることを覚えておきましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n無料の仲介査定は掲載獲得の狙いのことがあります。国交省の事例でどの査定も検証しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：AI査定や仲介査定は無料が多いが厳密さに欠ける。仲介査定が無料なのは掲載獲得を狙うから。有資格の鑑定士による正式鑑定は有料でより堅牢。目的(掲載・紛争・税・融資)で査定の種類を選ぶ。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-valuation-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-resale-value","guide:compare-property-listings","guide:official-property-data"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:home-inspection-services:ja","entityId":"guide:home-inspection-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅検査サービス","plainText":"住宅検査人(建物状況調査の登録検査人・建築士・保険付帯の検査人)は買主負担の料金を取ります。売主や施工業者から独立した検査人を選びましょう。\n資格・検査範囲・料金体系・独立性・報告。\n有資格の検査人が目視・計測可能な劣化を調べる。\n買主負担の定額または面積比例の料金。\n売主や施工業者からの独立を優先する。\n検査は隠れた瑕疵の不存在を保証しない。\n概要\n検査サービスは、建物状況調査の登録検査人から建築士、保険付帯の検査人まであります。料金は買主負担で、定額または面積比例です。最重要の選択は独立性です。あなたが選び、売主や施工業者から独立した検査人は、売却成立や修繕受注への利害で歪まない報告を出します。いかなる検査も隠れた瑕疵の不存在を保証しません。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n売主や施工業者から独立した検査人を選びましょう。独立性は低料金より重要です。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：有資格の検査人が目視・計測可能な劣化を調べる。買主負担の定額または面積比例の料金。売主や施工業者からの独立を優先する。検査は隠れた瑕疵の不存在を保証しない。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：有資格の検査人が目視・計測可能な劣化を調べる。買主負担の定額または面積比例の料金。売主や施工業者からの独立を優先する。検査は隠れた瑕疵の不存在を保証しない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/home-inspection-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-inspections","guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:property-defects-warranties"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-inspection","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Existing-home condition inspection framework","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:renovation-services:ja","entityId":"guide:renovation-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"リフォーム会社・マッチングサービス","plainText":"リフォーム提供者(地域の有免許業者・大手リフォーム会社・マッチングマーケット)は紹介料を織り込み得ます。図面・除外・保証・免許・出来高払いを伴う、範囲に合った見積りを取りましょう。\n対応範囲・マッチングモデル・手数料・免許・保証。\n地域の業者・大手リフォーム会社・マッチングマーケット。\nマッチングは価格に紹介料を織り込み得る。\n図面・除外・保証を伴う範囲に合った見積りを取る。\n免許を確認し出来高払いを使う。\n概要\nリフォームは、地域の有免許業者と直接、大手リフォーム会社経由、またはマッチングマーケット経由で手配できます。マッチングは便利ですが価格に紹介料を織り込み得ます。どの経路でも、図面・明確な除外・保証・免許の確認・出来高に連動した支払い計画を含む、範囲に合った見積りを取りましょう。これらのない見積りは受けず、隠れた工事のための予備費を持ちましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\nマッチングは紹介料を織り込み得ます。図面・範囲・除外・出来高払いのないリフォーム見積りを受けないこと。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：地域の業者・大手リフォーム会社・マッチングマーケット。マッチングは価格に紹介料を織り込み得る。図面・除外・保証を伴う範囲に合った見積りを取る。免許を確認し出来高払いを使う。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/renovation-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:renovation-costs-financing","guide:renovation-loans","guide:evaluating-used-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-management-services:ja","entityId":"guide:property-management-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産管理会社","plainText":"管理会社(東急コミュニティー・大京アステージ・三井不動産レジデンシャルサービス・地域の賃貸管理)は、組合(マンション)または家賃の一定割合＋客付け/更新料(賃貸)を請求し、修繕工事も販売し得ます。利益相反に注意しましょう。\n賃貸/マンション管理・料金・客付け手数料・修繕の利益相反。\nマンション管理は組合が、賃貸管理は家賃の一定割合が費用。\n賃貸管理は客付け・更新料も請求する。\n管理会社は修繕工事も販売し得る。利益相反。\n修繕提案は独立して検討する。\n概要\n不動産管理は、マンション管理(所有者の組合が費用負担)と賃貸管理(通常は家賃の一定割合＋客付け・更新料)に分かれます。重要な利益相反は、管理会社が修繕工事も販売し得ることで、修繕提案は自動的に独立ではありません。マンションは建物の財務と議事録で管理を判断し、賃貸は管理割合と客付け・更新料を比較しましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n管理会社の修繕提案は独立とは限りません。特に管理会社が工事で利益を得る場合は別途検討しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：マンション管理は組合が、賃貸管理は家賃の一定割合が費用。賃貸管理は客付け・更新料も請求する。管理会社は修繕工事も販売し得る。利益相反。修繕提案は独立して検討する。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-management-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-registration-services:ja","entityId":"guide:property-registration-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"司法書士・登記サービス","plainText":"司法書士・土地家屋調査士・弁護士・税理士が、報酬＋税・立替費用で登記や関連業務を行います。貸し手や仲介が指名し得ます。選択が必須かを尋ねましょう。\nサービスの種類・地域・言語・報酬。\n司法書士が所有権・抵当権の登記を行う。\n報酬に加え税・立替費用がかかる。\n貸し手や仲介が指名し得る。必須かを尋ねる。\n土地家屋調査士・弁護士・税理士が関連ニーズを担う。\n概要\n法務・登記の業務は、司法書士(登記)・土地家屋調査士(境界)・弁護士(紛争)・税理士(税)が担います。それぞれ報酬に加え税・立替費用を請求します。貸し手や仲介が提供者を指名し得ます。特に貸し手が抵当権登記を任せる司法書士です。選択が必須か、自分の司法書士を使えるかを尋ねましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n貸し手が司法書士を指名し得ます。選択が必須かを尋ね、報酬の見積りを求めましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：司法書士が所有権・抵当権の登記を行う。報酬に加え税・立替費用がかかる。貸し手や仲介が指名し得る。必須かを尋ねる。土地家屋調査士・弁護士・税理士が関連ニーズを担う。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-registration-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:judicial-scrivener-property","guide:property-registration-costs","guide:property-closing-registration"]},"sources":[{"id":"moj-inheritance-registration","publisher":"Ministry of Justice","title":"Mandatory inheritance land registration","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-insurance-providers:ja","entityId":"guide:property-insurance-providers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅・地震保険の提供者","plainText":"保険会社(東京海上・損保ジャパン・三井住友海上・あいおいニッセイ同和・ネット系)が火災・地震補償を提供します。保険料は立地・構造・限度・特約で異なり、貸し手や代理店が手数料を得ることがあります。\n補償・販売経路・貸し手との関係・見積り方法。\n大手・ネット系の保険会社による火災・地震補償。\n保険料は立地・構造・限度・特約で異なる。\n地震保険は火災保険に付帯し上限がある。\n貸し手や代理店が手数料を得得る。外部見積りを比較する。\n概要\n住宅保険は大手・ネット系が提供し、火災と(付帯の)地震リスクを補償します。保険料は立地・構造・補償限度・特約で異なり、地震補償は上限があり生活再建向けです。セット契約では貸し手や代理店が手数料を得ることがあるため、貸し手の提示が最良と決めつけず、認められる範囲で外部の見積りを比較しましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\nセット契約では貸し手や代理店が手数料を得得ます。認められる範囲で外部見積りを比較しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：大手・ネット系の保険会社による火災・地震補償。保険料は立地・構造・限度・特約で異なる。地震保険は火災保険に付帯し上限がある。貸し手や代理店が手数料を得得る。外部見積りを比較する。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-insurance-providers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance","guide:earthquake-standards"]},"sources":[{"id":"gia-earthquake","publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","title":"Earthquake insurance guidance","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"sonpo-earthquake","publisher":"日本損害保険協会","title":"地震保険","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-auctions:ja","entityId":"guide:property-auctions","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産競売・任意売却サービス","plainText":"裁判所のBIT競売・公売システム・専門の競売サポート会社は、保証金・限られた内見・占有者のリスク・書類のみの調査・通常の売主保証なし、で任意売却物件を扱います。初心者向けではありません。\n裁判所の競売・公売・保証金・占有・初心者のリスク。\n裁判所のBIT競売・地方の公売・専門のサポート会社。\n保証金が必要で物件の内見は限られる。\n占有者のリスクと書類のみの調査が一般的。\n通常の売主保証がない。初心者向けではない。\n概要\n任意売却物件は、裁判所のBIT競売・地方の公売・専門の競売サポート会社を通じて売られます。安いことがありますが重大なリスクを伴います。保証金、限られた・またはない内見、既存の占有者のリスク、書類のみの調査、通常の売主保証なし、です。競売は初心者向けでなく融資も難しいため、専門の支援とリスクの明確な理解をもってのみ臨みましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n競売は占有者のリスク・書類のみの調査・売主保証なしを伴い、初心者向けではありません。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：裁判所のBIT競売・地方の公売・専門のサポート会社。保証金が必要で物件の内見は限られる。占有者のリスクと書類のみの調査が一般的。通常の売主保証がない。初心者向けではない。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-auctions","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:non-rebuildable-property","guide:akiya-vacant-homes","guide:buying-property-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:official-property-data:ja","entityId":"guide:official-property-data","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"公式の不動産データツール","plainText":"公式ツール(国交省の不動産情報ライブラリ・公示地価検索・REINSの市場情報・ハザードポータル・国交省/都道府県の免許記録)は無料で、比較の証拠に強力です。ただしデータは遅れ得、物件はそれぞれ異なります。\n取引データ・地価・災害・免許・公的登記。\n国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは価格・地価・都市計画・災害を統合する。\nREINSの市場情報は取引事例を提供する。\n国交省・都道府県の記録で仲介の免許を無料で確認できる。\nデータは遅れ得、物件は異なる。証拠として使い盲信しない。\n概要\n公式データツールは無料で強力です。国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは取引価格・公示地価・都市計画・災害・生活利便を統合し、REINSの市場情報は取引事例を提供し、ハザードポータルは災害リスクを示し、国交省・都道府県の免許記録は支払う前に仲介の免許と行政処分を確認できます。データは遅れ得、物件は異なるため、これらを掲載や仲介を確認する強力な証拠として使い、最終評価とはしないでください。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n公式データは遅れ得、物件は異なります。掲載の確認と免許の照合に使い、最終評価とはしないこと。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは価格・地価・都市計画・災害を統合する。REINSの市場情報は取引事例を提供する。国交省・都道府県の記録で仲介の免許を無料で確認できる。データは遅れ得、物件は異なる。証拠として使い盲信しない。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/official-property-data","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:compare-property-listings","guide:finding-property","guide:hazard-maps"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"reins-market","publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","title":"REINS Market Information","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mlit-hazard-map","publisher":"国土交通省","title":"ハザードマップポータル","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:suumo-portal:ja","entityId":"guide:suumo-portal","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SUUMO","plainText":"SUUMO(リクルート)は日本最大級の不動産ポータルの一つで、多くの仲介の賃貸・売買掲載を集約します。発見と広告のツールであり独立した買主代理ではなく、重複掲載が一般的です。\n日本最大級の不動産ポータル：在庫・英語対応・検索・収益モデル。\n日本最大級の広い賃貸・売買在庫を持つポータル。\n掲載は多くの仲介から。重複が一般的。\n発見と広告のツールであり買主代理ではない。\n英語対応は限定的で主に日本語。\n概要\nリクルートが運営するSUUMOは日本最大級のポータルの一つで、多くの仲介から集約した広い賃貸・売買在庫を持ちます。強みは在庫の広さと検索、限界は日本語優先で掲載が重複・古いことがあり、広告で収益化されるため目立つ掲載は品質でなく有料掲載を反映することです。発見と市場理解に使い、具体的な物件を確認しましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\nSUUMOは広告ポータルであり買主代理ではありません。目立つ掲載は有料で、重複が一般的です。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：日本最大級の広い賃貸・売買在庫を持つポータル。掲載は多くの仲介から。重複が一般的。発見と広告のツールであり買主代理ではない。英語対応は限定的で主に日本語。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/suumo-portal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portals","guide:finding-property","guide:lifull-homes-portal"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:lifull-homes-portal:ja","entityId":"guide:lifull-homes-portal","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"LIFULL HOME’S","plainText":"LIFULL HOME’Sは、広い在庫と強力な検索・地図機能を持つ日本の大手不動産ポータルです。すべてのポータルと同様、広告で成り立つ発見であり独立した買主代理ではありません。\n大手不動産ポータル：在庫・検索と地図機能・収益モデル。\n広い在庫と地図/検索機能を持つ大手ポータル。\n広告で成り立ち、順位は有料掲載を反映する。\n他のポータル同様、重複掲載が起きる。\n発見のツールで、調査や代理ではない。\n概要\nLIFULL HOME’Sは日本の大手不動産ポータルの一つで、広い在庫と便利な地図・検索機能で知られます。すべてのポータルと同様、広告で成り立つ発見で、仲介が掲載料を払い、順位は有料掲載を反映し、重複掲載が起きます。候補探しと市場理解の強力なツールですが、権利・法務・建物・財務の調査は提供せず、買主代理でもありません。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\nすべてのポータルと同様、LIFULL HOME’Sは広告で成り立つ発見です。物件を独自に確認し、重複を想定しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：広い在庫と地図/検索機能を持つ大手ポータル。広告で成り立ち、順位は有料掲載を反映する。他のポータル同様、重複掲載が起きる。発見のツールで、調査や代理ではない。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/lifull-homes-portal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portals","guide:suumo-portal","guide:finding-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:kakaku-mortgage-profile:ja","entityId":"guide:kakaku-mortgage-profile","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"価格.com 住宅ローン比較","plainText":"価格.comの住宅ローン比較は金利と申込リンクを集約します。借り手には無料で紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つため、順位は参加商品を優先し得ます。どの金融機関が除外かを尋ねましょう。\n住宅ローン比較サービス：参加金融機関・紹介モデル・除外。\n広告金利と申込リンクを集約する。\n借り手には無料で紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つ。\n順位は参加商品を優先し得る。\n見込みの入口として使い、日付入り見積りで確認する。\n概要\n価格.comの住宅ローン欄は広告金利と各社申込へのリンクを集約し、最初のふるいに便利です。他の比較サービス同様、紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つため借り手には無料で、順位は参加商品を優先し他を除外し得ます。見込みの入口と捉え、どの金融機関が含まれないかを尋ね、保有期間で日付入り見積りにより提示を確認しましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n順位は参加金融機関を優先し得ます。除外を尋ね、提示を日付入り見積りで確認しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：広告金利と申込リンクを集約する。借り手には無料で紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つ。順位は参加商品を優先し得る。見込みの入口として使い、日付入り見積りで確認する。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/kakaku-mortgage-profile","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-comparison-services","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:mogecheck-profile"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mogecheck-profile:ja","entityId":"guide:mogecheck-profile","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"モゲチェック","plainText":"モゲチェックは住宅ローンの比較と、見込み金利や借換の節約の診断を提供します。借り手には無料で紹介で収益化するため、どの金融機関が対象かを確認し、提示を直接検証しましょう。\n住宅ローンの比較・診断サービス：モデル・申込支援・除外。\n比較に加え金利/借換の診断を提供する。\n借り手には無料で紹介で収益化する。\nどの金融機関が対象・除外かを確認する。\n示された金利を日付入り見積りで直接検証する。\n概要\nモゲチェックは住宅ローンの比較と、得られ得る金利や借換の節約の診断を提供し、多くの借り手が方向づけに役立つと感じます。借り手には無料で紹介の取り決めで収益化するため、対象とする金融機関の範囲や順位はその関係を反映し得ます。どの金融機関が対象・非対象かを確認し、示された金利を直接検証する出発点と捉えましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n対象の金融機関や順位は紹介関係を反映し得ます。対象を確認し、示された金利を直接検証しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：比較に加え金利/借換の診断を提供する。借り手には無料で紹介で収益化する。どの金融機関が対象・除外かを確認する。示された金利を日付入り見積りで直接検証する。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mogecheck-profile","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-comparison-services","guide:mortgage-refinancing","guide:kakaku-mortgage-profile"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mitsui-rehouse-profile:ja","entityId":"guide:mitsui-rehouse-profile","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"三井のリハウス","plainText":"三井のリハウスは、買主・売主の双方を扱う大手全国仲介です。手数料制で、掲載側は売主を代理または依存し得ます。誰を代理するか尋ね、手数料を法定上限と照合しましょう。\n大手仲介：対応・買主/売主対応・手数料・代理関係。\n買主・売主の双方を扱う大手全国仲介。\n手数料制で法定上限の対象。\n掲載側は売主を代理または依存し得る。\n免許を確認し両手仲介を尋ねる。\n概要\n三井のリハウスは日本最大級の仲介の一つで、全国で営業し取引の買主・売主の双方を扱います。手数料制で法定上限の対象で、どの仲介とも同様、掲載側は売主を代理または経済的に依存し得ます。強いブランドと広い在庫は本物の利点ですが、誰を代理するか・両手仲介があるかを尋ね、手数料を確認する必要をなくすものではありません。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n強いブランドでも売主側の利益相反は消えません。誰を代理するか尋ね、手数料を法定上限と照合しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：買主・売主の双方を扱う大手全国仲介。手数料制で法定上限の対象。掲載側は売主を代理または依存し得る。免許を確認し両手仲介を尋ねる。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mitsui-rehouse-profile","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:real-estate-brokerages","guide:real-estate-agents-japan","guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:plaza-homes-profile:ja","entityId":"guide:plaza-homes-profile","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"プラザホームズ","plainText":"プラザホームズは、賃貸・売買・管理にわたり外国人居住者への英語サービスで知られる東京中心の会社です。各取引で、あなたの仲介として動くか、どう報酬を得るかを確認しましょう。\n外国人対応の会社：言語・対応地域・サービス・確認事項。\n東京中心で、賃貸・売買・管理にわたり英語サービス。\n仲介であり管理会社。取引での役割を確認する。\n外国人居住者には英語対応が本物の強み。\n手数料と助言の独立性を確認する。\n概要\nプラザホームズは、賃貸・売買・不動産管理にわたり外国人居住者への英語サービスでよく知られる東京中心の会社です。英語を好む買い手にはその支援が本物の利点です。どの会社とも同様、具体的な取引での役割(あなたの仲介か、売主か、双方か)、報酬の受け方、助言の独立性を確認しましょう。「英語サービス」と「独立した買主代理」は別物だからです。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n英語サービスは独立した買主代理と同じではありません。各取引で会社の役割・手数料・独立性を確認しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：東京中心で、賃貸・売買・管理にわたり英語サービス。仲介であり管理会社。取引での役割を確認する。外国人居住者には英語対応が本物の強み。手数料と助言の独立性を確認する。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/plaza-homes-profile","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate","guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:buyers-agents"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-rates:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-rates","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の住宅ローン金利の現状","plainText":"2026年8月1日時点で、日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%、主要な変動金利は概ね0.945〜1.025%(上昇が予告済み)、標準フラット35は21〜35年で約3.29%でした。いずれも広告の実行月の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。\n広告金利・実行月・条件・告知された変更・出典。\n日銀目標約1.0%、無担保コール翌日物は2026年7月末で約0.977%。\n主要変動は約0.945〜1.025%、みずほは2027年1月から1.275%以上を予告。\n標準フラット35は21〜35年で約3.29%(JHF公式は8月1日時点でなお7月表示)。\nすべて2026年8月1日確認の広告実行月金利。現行金利を確認すること。\n2026年8月のスナップショット\n2026年8月1日時点で、日本はゼロ金利期を脱していました。日銀の誘導目標は6月の決定後で約1.0%、無担保コール翌日物の平均は7月末で約0.977%でした。主要な広告変動金利は約0.945%(MUFG主ページ)、0.984%(au Jibun BankがLTV80%以下・最大割引後)、1.025%(みずほ新規変動)で、標準フラット35は各社で21〜35年約3.29%、JHF公式ページは8月1日時点でなお7月の3.14%を表示していました。\nこれらの金利は注意して読む\nこれらは広告の実行月の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。低い変動金利はLTV80%以下を要し、最大割引を前提とし、サービス条件に依存し、審査後により高いリスク価格に置き換わり得ます。複数の貸し手が上昇を予告しました。みずほは2027年1月以降1.275%以上を警告、りそなは2026年10月のプライムレート変更(2027年1月以降の返済に影響)を告知、PayPay銀行の長期上乗せは2026年9月から上がります。告知された将来の返済額を試算し、申込時と実行時に日付入り見積りで現行金利を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：日銀目標約1.0%、無担保コール翌日物は2026年7月末で約0.977%。主要変動は約0.945〜1.025%、みずほは2027年1月から1.275%以上を予告。標準フラット35は21〜35年で約3.29%(JHF公式は8月1日時点でなお7月表示)。すべて2026年8月1日確認の広告実行月金利。現行金利を確認すること。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-rates","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-rate-rise","faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:mortgage-rate-history","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:mortgage-advertising-rates","guide:interest-rates"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"boj-call-rate","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Uncollateralized overnight call rate","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/statistics/market/short/mutan/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jhf-flat35-rates","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 product and rate information","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mizuho-mortgage","publisher":"Mizuho Bank","title":"Housing loan interest rates","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compare-mortgage-lenders:ja","entityId":"guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の住宅ローンを比較する","plainText":"同じ実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間で比較します。提供者・広告金利・金額と期間の上限・手数料・永住/在留の規則・英語対応。そのうえで実際の提示を日付入り書面見積りで確認します。\n提供者・金利・期間・金額・LTV・手数料・永住要件・英語対応・確認日。\n提供者・金利・期間・金額・LTV・手数料・永住規則・英語対応を比較する。\n実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間を固定する。\nネット銀行は金利で先行、店舗・専門は複雑案件や非永住に対応する。\n実際の提示を保有期間で日付入り書面見積りにより確認する。\n比較する項目\n公平な比較は、変数を固定(同じ実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間)し、提供者・広告金利・最低と最高の金額と期間・LTV上乗せ・手数料表(事務・保証・鑑定・登記・繰上返済)・永住/在留の規則・英語対応・確認日を比較します。ネット銀行(au Jibun Bank・住信SBI・PayPay)は標準的な給与案件で金利が先行しがちで、メガバンク(MUFG・みずほ・りそな)は店舗対応と例外処理を加え、プレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガは外国人・非永住の案件に対応します。\n全国ランキングでなく候補リストを作る\n全国の「ベスト」ランキングより、在留資格・収入形態・物件で絞った候補リストのほうが有効です。地域機関には地理・会員の規則があり、各社の価格は借り手と物件に依存するためです。メガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルート(フラット35や外国人向け)を網羅し、日付入り見積りを取り、保有期間での総内部コストを比較します。5,000万円への2.20%手数料は110万円で、短期保有ではわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：提供者・金利・期間・金額・LTV・手数料・永住規則・英語対応を比較する。実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間を固定する。ネット銀行は金利で先行、店舗・専門は複雑案件や非永住に対応する。実際の提示を保有期間で日付入り書面見積りにより確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/compare-mortgage-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-how-many-lenders","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:mortgage-lenders","guide:mortgage-rates","guide:compare-mortgages-methodology","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mufg-mortgage","publisher":"MUFG Bank","title":"Housing loan rates and products","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jibun-mortgage","publisher":"au Jibun Bank","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-calculator:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン返済計算ツール","plainText":"金額・金利・期間・返済方法を入力すると、毎月の返済・総利息・償却が出ます。高い金利でも再計算し、返済額の感応度を確認しましょう。\n金額・金利・期間・返済方法から、毎月の返済・利息・償却へ。\n毎月の返済・総利息・償却表を示す。\n元利均等と元金均等を比較する。\n1〜2%の金利差も35年では大きい。\n手数料・保険・税は除く。別途加える。\n入力と出力\n入力：借入額・名目年率・期間(年)・返済方法(元利均等か元金均等)。\n出力：毎月の返済・期間の総利息・各期の利息/元金の内訳を示す償却表。\n結果の読み方\n計算ツールはローンのコストのみを示します。真のコストには手数料・保険・税を加え、変動なら＋1・＋2・＋3%で必ず再計算しましょう。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：毎月の返済・総利息・償却表を示す。元利均等と元金均等を比較する。1〜2%の金利差も35年では大きい。手数料・保険・税は除く。別途加える。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：毎月の返済・総利息・償却表を示す。元利均等と元金均等を比較する。1〜2%の金利差も35年では大きい。手数料・保険・税は除く。別途加える。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-amortization","faq:loan-level-principal-interest"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-amortization","guide:repayment-method-comparison","guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン返済能力計算ツール","plainText":"収入・債務・支出・備えを入力すると、住居費総額・返済負担率・堅実な物件価格帯が出ます。返済額は提示金利＋1・2・3%でストレスをかけます。\n収入・債務・支出・税・備え・金利ストレスから、堅実な物件価格帯へ。\n住居費総額・返済負担率・堅実な価格帯を示す。\n返済額を＋1・＋2・＋3%でストレスをかける。\nストレス下の住居費が手取りの約35%を超えると警告する。\n銀行の上限は家計への推奨ではない。\n入力と出力\n入力：総収入と手取り・安定賞与・世帯人数・他の返済・借入額・金利・期間・税・管理費/積立金/保険/駐車場・維持積立・退職年齢・想定される収入減。\n出力：毎月の返済・住居費総額・総返済負担率・手取りに対する住居費比率・退職時残高・総利息・最低緊急資金。\n結果の読み方\n当初金利でしか返済できないローンは負担可能ではありません。手取りの堅実な割合を超えるストレス費用や、稼働所得を超えて続くローンを警告します。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：住居費総額・返済負担率・堅実な価格帯を示す。返済額を＋1・＋2・＋3%でストレスをかける。ストレス下の住居費が手取りの約35%を超えると警告する。銀行の上限は家計への推奨ではない。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-affordability-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-borrow-maximum","faq:loan-what-dti"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-budget","guide:debt-to-income-japan","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-repayment-ratio","publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","title":"Flat 35 repayment-ratio and simulation","url":"https://www.flat35.com/user/simulation/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-purchase-cost:ja","entityId":"guide:property-purchase-cost","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"購入総費用の計算ツール","plainText":"価格・頭金・費用の前提を入力すると、契約時の現金・決済時の現金・後の税の現金・必要現金の総額・残る流動性が出ます。頭金よりはるかに多くを計画できます。\n価格・頭金・手数料・登記・税・保険・引越から、必要現金の総額へ。\n現金を契約・決済・後の税の段階に分ける。\n仲介・ローン手数料・登記・税・保険・引越を含む。\n必要現金の総額と残る流動性を示す。\n諸費用は価格の約6〜10%であることを示す。\n入力と出力\n入力：価格・新築/中古・売主/デベロッパー/仲介・頭金・融資・手数料モデル・土地建物の評価額・立地・登記の軽減・検査・保険・リフォーム・引越・家具・取得税。\n出力：契約時の現金・決済時の現金・後の税の現金・必要現金の総額・残る流動性・取得の総原価。\n結果の読み方\n貯金をすべて頭金に使わないこと。頭金に加えて確保すべき6〜10%の諸費用と後の取得税を示します。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：現金を契約・決済・後の税の段階に分ける。仲介・ローン手数料・登記・税・保険・引越を含む。必要現金の総額と残る流動性を示す。諸費用は価格の約6〜10%であることを示す。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-purchase-cost","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-fees-outside-price"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:property-closing-costs","guide:down-payment-comparison"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyo-acquisition-tax","publisher":"東京都主税局","title":"不動産取得税","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shitsumon/fudosan/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-vs-variable-calculator:ja","entityId":"guide:fixed-vs-variable-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"固定・変動シミュレーター","plainText":"安定・緩やか・速い・反転・急激の各金利経路で両構造をモデル化し、毎月の返済・残高・累積利息を見ます。ストレス経路に耐えられる場合のみ変動を選べます。\n当初金利・見直しの経路・期間・残高から、金利シナリオ別の累積コストへ。\n5つの金利シナリオで固定と変動を比較する。\n各々の毎月の返済・残高・累積利息を示す。\n契約の返済見直しと未払利息のルールをモデル化する。\n＋2〜＋3%の経路に耐えられる場合のみ変動を選ぶ。\n入力と出力\n入力：固定・変動の当初金利・期間・残高・金利経路(安定=変化なし、緩やか=4年間12か月ごと＋0.25、速い=4年間毎年＋0.50、反転=＋1.50後に一部低下、急激=即時＋2・後に＋1)。\n出力：各構造・各経路について、毎月の返済・残高・累積利息。実際の契約の見直しルールと未払利息の扱いをモデル化。\n結果の読み方\n計算ツールは試す金利経路次第です。＋2〜＋3%の経路で破綻する家計は変動を選ぶべきではありません。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：5つの金利シナリオで固定と変動を比較する。各々の毎月の返済・残高・累積利息を示す。契約の返済見直しと未払利息のルールをモデル化する。＋2〜＋3%の経路に耐えられる場合のみ変動を選ぶ。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/fixed-vs-variable-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","faq:loan-variable-risky"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"金利ストレステスト","plainText":"金利と家計を入力すると、現行金利と＋1・＋2・＋3%での返済額と、各水準で余剰が残るかが出ます。変動ローンが安全かの中核の試験です。\n現行金利＋1・2・3%から、返済額と家計の余剰へ。\n現行金利と＋1・＋2・＋3%での返済額を示す。\n各ストレス金利で家計の余剰が残るかを示す。\n変動金利の返済能力の中核の試験。\nストレス金利で余剰が消えるならローンが大きすぎる。\n入力と出力\n入力：現行金利・借入額と期間・家計の収入と支出。\n出力：現行金利と＋1・＋2・＋3%での毎月の返済と、残る家計の余剰。\n結果の読み方\n＋2〜＋3%の返済が余剰を消すか売却を迫るなら、そのローンは変動には大きすぎます。減らすか固定を選びましょう。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：現行金利と＋1・＋2・＋3%での返済額を示す。各ストレス金利で家計の余剰が残るかを示す。変動金利の返済能力の中核の試験。ストレス金利で余剰が消えるならローンが大きすぎる。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-rate-stress-test","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-variable-risky","faq:loan-rate-rise"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","guide:variable-rate-mortgages","guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-policy","publisher":"Bank of Japan","title":"Monetary policy decisions","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:early-mortgage-repayment:ja","entityId":"guide:early-mortgage-repayment","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"繰上返済の計算ツール","plainText":"追加返済を入力すると、期間短縮と返済額軽減それぞれの節約利息と短縮期間、失う流動性と損益分岐のリターンが出ます。\n追加返済・期間短縮と返済額軽減・節約利息・失う流動性。\n期間短縮と返済額軽減を比較する。\n節約利息・短縮期間・失う流動性を示す。\n失い得る住宅ローン控除を考慮する。\n他条件が同じなら通常は期間短縮が利息を多く節約する。\n入力と出力\n入力：現在残高・金利・残存期間・追加返済・手数料・方法(期間短縮か返済額軽減)・緊急資金の利回り・住宅ローン控除。\n出力：節約利息・短縮期間・失う流動性・繰上返済に勝つために現金が必要な損益分岐リターン。\n結果の読み方\n繰上返済の前に緊急資金を残しましょう。失い得る控除と、繰上返済が不利になるために現金が必要なリターンを示します。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：期間短縮と返済額軽減を比較する。節約利息・短縮期間・失う流動性を示す。失い得る住宅ローン控除を考慮する。他条件が同じなら通常は期間短縮が利息を多く節約する。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：期間短縮と返済額軽減を比較する。節約利息・短縮期間・失う流動性を示す。失い得る住宅ローン控除を考慮する。他条件が同じなら通常は期間短縮が利息を多く節約する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/early-mortgage-repayment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-early-always-best","faq:loan-term-vs-payment-reduction"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:early-repayment","guide:mortgage-tax-deduction","guide:mortgage-amortization"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-mortgage-deduction","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Housing-loan tax deduction","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-refinancing-tool:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-refinancing-tool","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"借り換えの計算ツール","plainText":"現在のローンと新しい提示を入力すると、名目と現在価値の節約・損益分岐の月・当初満期時の残高が出ます。節約が新費用のすべてを上回るときだけ借り換えられます。\n現在残高・旧/新金利・手数料・残存期間から、損益分岐の時期へ。\n名目・現在価値の節約と損益分岐の月を示す。\n事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険の費用を含む。\n新しい長い期間は総コストの増加を隠し得る。\n現在価値の節約が新費用を上回るときのみ借り換える。\n入力と出力\n入力：現在残高・残存期間・現行金利の経路・新金利・新期間・定率/定額手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険上乗せ・想定保有期間。\n出力：名目の節約・現在価値の節約・損益分岐の月数・当初満期時の残高。\n結果の読み方\n期間延長による低い月返済は節約ではありません。現在価値の節約を新費用と健康審査のリスクと比較します。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：名目・現在価値の節約と損益分岐の月を示す。事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険の費用を含む。新しい長い期間は総コストの増加を隠し得る。現在価値の節約が新費用を上回るときのみ借り換える。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：名目・現在価値の節約と損益分岐の月を示す。事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険の費用を含む。新しい長い期間は総コストの増加を隠し得る。現在価値の節約が新費用を上回るときのみ借り換える。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-refinancing-tool","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-refinancing-makes-sense","faq:loan-extend-term-refinancing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-refinancing","guide:refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","guide:refinancing-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreigner-mortgage-checker:ja","entityId":"guide:foreigner-mortgage-checker","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人向け住宅ローン適格性チェッカー","plainText":"在留・永住・配偶者・収入・雇用・言語・頭金・物件用途の質問に答えると、目安となる金融機関群に振り分けられます。「承認」を出すものではなく、検討すべき現実的なルートのみを示します。\n永住・在留・配偶者・収入・雇用・言語・頭金から、目安となる金融機関ルートへ。\n金融機関群に振り分ける。「承認」は出さない。\n非居住者は現金または専門の投資融資に振り分ける。\n永住は主流群を開き、非永住は専門機関に振り分ける。\n頭金と物件用途で金融機関群をさらに絞る。\n入力と出力\n入力(振り分けの質問)：日本居住か・永住/特別永住か・日本人配偶者や保証人か・日本の課税所得の年数・雇用形態と勤続・日本語での意思疎通・頭金の割合・物件用途・物件の所在地/種類・信用情報の問題の有無。\n出力：目安となる金融機関ルート(主流・英語対応・専門の非永住・現金/投資)、書類の準備度スコア、開示/是正の道筋。承認ではありません。\n結果の読み方\nチェッカーは振り分けるだけで承認しません。非居住者は現金や専門融資に送られ、どのルートも本審査が必要です。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：金融機関群に振り分ける。「承認」は出さない。非居住者は現金または専門の投資融資に振り分ける。永住は主流群を開き、非永住は専門機関に振り分ける。頭金と物件用途で金融機関群をさらに絞る。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/foreigner-mortgage-checker","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-pr-mandatory"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"tokyostar-mortgage","publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","title":"Star Mortgage housing loan","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:condo-financial-health:ja","entityId":"guide:condo-financial-health","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マンション財務健全性チェッカー","plainText":"積立金・滞納・修繕計画・組合借入・保険・運営を入力すると、建物の財務健全性を採点します。将来の一時金を生む安い現行費用はマイナス評価になります。\n積立金・滞納・修繕計画・借入・保険・運営から、リスク結果へ。\n㎡あたりの積立残高と月額積立を採点する。\n積立方法・滞納・借入・修繕計画を重視する。\n保険・運営・未解決の訴訟を含む。\n将来の一時金を意味する安い現行費用はマイナス評価。\n入力と出力\n入力：㎡あたりの積立残高と月額積立・積立方法(均等か逓増)・30年以上の修繕計画と更新日・次の大規模工事の見込みと不足額・所有者の滞納・組合借入・管理費の推移・商業/不在所有の集中・保険と地震補償・出席状況・未解決の訴訟・予定されるエレベーター/配管/外壁/耐震工事。\n出力：財務健全性のリスク結果。将来の一時金を生む安い現行月費用はプラス評価にならない。\n結果の読み方\n積立不足を映すなら安い月費用は良い評価ではありません。段階増額の低い初期費用は将来のリスクとして扱います。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：㎡あたりの積立残高と月額積立を採点する。積立方法・滞納・借入・修繕計画を重視する。保険・運営・未解決の訴訟を含む。将来の一時金を意味する安い現行費用はマイナス評価。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/condo-financial-health","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-check","faq:loan-special-assessment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:condo-repair-reserve","guide:condominium-management-fees"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-repair-plan","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Condominium long-term repair plan guidance","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-investment-calculator:ja","entityId":"guide:property-investment-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"投資物件のキャッシュフロー計算ツール","plainText":"価格・賃料・空室・費用・融資・出口の前提を入力すると、粗/純利回り・NOI・DSCR・自己資金利回り・損益分岐入居率・税引後キャッシュフロー・IRRが出ます。粗利回りでなく事業として採算を見ます。\n価格・賃料・空室・費用・借入・出口から、NOI・DSCR・IRRへ。\n粗利回り・純利回り・NOI・DSCR・自己資金利回りを保持する。\n損益分岐入居率と税引後キャッシュフローを示す。\n賃料・空室・金利・出口価値への感応度を回す。\n住宅ローン元金を営業費用としない。\n入力と出力\n入力：価格・取得費用・賃料・空室・賃料下落・管理・客付け・税・保険・組合費・修繕・資本的支出・融資・売却キャップレート・売却費用・税。\n出力：粗利回り・純利回り・NOI・DSCR・自己資金利回り・損益分岐入居率・税引後キャッシュフロー・内部収益率・賃料/空室/金利/出口価値への感応度。\n結果の読み方\n粗利回り5〜6%も費用後は薄いか赤字のキャッシュ利回りになり得ます。NOIとDSCRを示し、表面利回りでなく取引を採算評価できます。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：粗利回り・純利回り・NOI・DSCR・自己資金利回りを保持する。損益分岐入居率と税引後キャッシュフローを示す。賃料・空室・金利・出口価値への感応度を回す。住宅ローン元金を営業費用としない。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-investment-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-gross-yield","faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:investment-property-loans","guide:tokyo-vs-regional-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"stat-housing-survey","publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","title":"Housing and Land Survey","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-ownership-cost:ja","entityId":"guide:property-ownership-cost","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"固定資産税・保有コスト試算","plainText":"評価額・自治体・物件の詳細を入力すると、年間の保有コスト(固定資産税・都市計画税・保険・管理費と修繕積立金・維持積立)を試算します。\n評価額・自治体・物件種別・保険・費用・修繕から、年間コストへ。\n評価額から固定資産税・都市計画税を試算する。\n保険・管理費と修繕積立金・維持を加える。\n一戸建て(自己資金の積立)とマンションで異なる。\n評価額と税は時間とともに変わり得る。\n入力と出力\n入力：土地建物の評価額・自治体・物件種別(一戸建てかマンション)・保険・管理費/積立金・見込みの修繕。\n出力：年間の保有コストの試算。税・保険・マンションの費用(または一戸建ての自己積立)・維持に分けて表示。\n結果の読み方\n保有は毎年の継続コストです。一戸建て所有者はマンションの修繕積立金に相当する額を自己資金で用意する必要があり、試算に含みます。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：評価額から固定資産税・都市計画税を試算する。保険・管理費と修繕積立金・維持を加える。一戸建て(自己資金の積立)とマンションで異なる。評価額と税は時間とともに変わり得る。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：評価額から固定資産税・都市計画税を試算する。保険・管理費と修繕積立金・維持を加える。一戸建て(自己資金の積立)とマンションで異なる。評価額と税は時間とともに変わり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-ownership-cost","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fixed-asset-tax","faq:loan-emergency-cash-owner"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-asset-tax","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:house-maintenance-costs"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyo-fixed-asset-tax","publisher":"東京都主税局","title":"固定資産税・都市計画税（土地・家屋）","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-document-checklist:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-document-checklist","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン書類チェックリスト","plainText":"雇用と在留のプロフィールと審査段階を入力すると、個別の書類リストが生成されます。本人確認や収入記録から、外国人居住者に多い資金の出所や物件書類まで。\n雇用・在留のプロフィールと審査段階から、個別の書類リストへ。\n雇用と在留のプロフィール別に個別リストを生成する。\n事前審査と本審査の段階で書類を分ける。\n外国人居住者向けに資金の出所の証拠を含む。\n書類を事前審査の申告と一貫させる。\n入力と出力\n入力：雇用形態(会社員・契約・自営・会社経営)・在留資格(永住・非永住・配偶者)・審査段階(事前審査か本審査)。\n出力：個別の書類リスト。本人確認と住民・収入と税・雇用・物件と契約・資金の出所を、プロフィールと段階に合わせて表示。\n結果の読み方\n事前審査と最終書類の相違は否決を招き得ます。記録を一貫し完全に保つのに役立ちます。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：雇用と在留のプロフィール別に個別リストを生成する。事前審査と本審査の段階で書類を分ける。外国人居住者向けに資金の出所の証拠を含む。書類を事前審査の申告と一貫させる。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：雇用と在留のプロフィール別に個別リストを生成する。事前審査と本審査の段階で書類を分ける。外国人居住者向けに資金の出所の証拠を含む。書類を事前審査の申告と一貫させる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-document-checklist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-income-documents","faq:loan-borrow-down-payment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-income-documents","guide:property-purchase-documents","guide:foreigners-buying-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:points-vs-cashback-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイントとキャッシュバックの違い：日本の特典の仕組み","plainText":"主要な日本のポイント（楽天・PayPay・d・V）は日常の支払いで1ポイント約1円。ポイントは柔軟ですが失効し得る一方、キャッシュバックは単純な現金です。\nポイントとは何か、キャッシュバックとどう違うか、そして正直に価値を評価する方法。\nポイントは通常の支払いで1ポイント約1円の価値を持つ単位（常にではない）。\n基本還元は100円につき1ポイント（1%）が多い。実質還元率は上限・手数料・失効後に得られる分。\nポイントは柔軟だが失効・価値低下があり得る。キャッシュバックは単純で確実。\nポイントは現実に使える額で評価し、広告上の最大値では評価しない。\n特典はどのみち行う支出への割引であって、余計に使う理由ではない。\nポイントの基本\nポイントは、指定の店・アプリ・交換・サービスの中でのみ使えるのが普通の、プログラム発行の単位です。実際には主要な日本の経済圏（楽天ポイント・PayPayポイント・dポイント・Vポイント）では、通常の買い物に使えば1ポイントは約1円の価値になります。この「1円」は便利な目安であって保証ではありません。価値はプログラムが何と交換させてくれるか次第です。\n一方でキャッシュバックは、明細上の値引き・銀行入金・現金同等の残高として戻る「お金」です。ポイントより使い道の判断が少なくて済むのが主な利点です。\n獲得と価値評価\n多くのカードの基本還元率は100円につき1ポイント（1%）前後です。楽天カードは対象の一般利用で約1%、エポスカードはボーナス前で200円につき1ポイント（約0.5%）です。基本還元率は出発点にすぎません。実質還元率は、上限・取引ごとの端数処理・除外・手数料・現実的な交換価値の後に、実際に受け取る価値です。\n「7%」という表示も、対象店舗かつスマホのタッチ決済だけが条件なら実際にはずっと低くなり得ます。三井住友カードの対象コンビニ・飲食店の還元は、対象のスマホのタッチ決済と、物理カードのタッチやiDを区別しています。\nポイント対キャッシュバックと失効\nポイントは店舗ボーナスや価値の高い旅行交換で現金を上回ることがありますが、失効・価値低下・用途制限・交換ロスを伴います。通常残高の多くは1〜2年で失効し、「期間限定」ポイントは数か月で失効し、限られたサービスでしか使えないこともあります。安全な習慣は、残高を生かすために1つの経済圏に集中し、期間限定ポイントは日常品に早めに使い切ることです。\nキャッシュバックは単純さと確実さを重視する人向け、ポイントは経済圏を自然に使う人やマイルを上手に交換できる人向けです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/points-vs-cashback-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback","faq:rewards-point-value","faq:points-value"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:how-points-are-earned","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card-terms","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"楽天カード公式","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"epos-card-terms","publisher":"Marui / Epos","title":"エポスカード公式","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"対象のコンビニ・飲食店での還元","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayポイントのヘルプ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-points-are-earned:ja","entityId":"guide:how-points-are-earned","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本でポイントが貯まる仕組み","plainText":"ポイントは基本還元率（カードで1%が多い）に、店舗・キャンペーンのボーナスが加わって貯まります。還元のあるカードで払いつつポイントアプリを提示すると、正当に2〜3重取りできます。\n基本還元率・ボーナス倍率・期間限定ポイント、そして正当な二重取りの仕組み。\nカードや一部電子マネーの基本還元は100円につき1ポイントが典型。\nボーナス倍率は店舗やキャンペーン（楽天SPUなど）から。\n期間限定・キャンペーンポイントは早く失効しがち。期限を確認。\n閉じたポイント（nanaco・WAON）は交換可能なポイント（楽天）と異なる。\n二重取り＝同じ買い物で店のポイント＋決済のポイント（各々対象のとき）。\n基本還元とボーナス倍率\n基本還元率は、キャンペーンや店舗ボーナス前の通常の率です。年会費無料カードの多くは100円につき1ポイント（1%）、0.5%のカードは200円につき1ポイントです。その上に、特定の店・携帯料金・交通系チャージ・発行会社のモールといった「対象カテゴリ」が基本を超えて貯まります。楽天のSPU（スーパーポイントアップ）は最も有名な倍率で、楽天サービスを多く使うほど市場（楽天市場）のポイント率が上がります（条件・上限あり）。\n期間限定ポイントと、閉じた／交換可能の違い\nキャンペーンはしばしば、期限が固定で短く、用途も狭いことがある期間限定ポイントを出します。楽天・dポイント・PayPayはいずれも通常ポイントと用途限定ポイントを区別しているため、目玉ボーナスに頼る前に、それが通常か限定かを必ず確認しましょう。\nポイントは持ち運びやすさでも異なります。nanacoやWAONのような閉じたポイントは主に1つの事業者グループに限られ、店の電子マネーのように働きます。楽天ポイントのような交換可能ポイントは、広い提携先や他プログラムへ（最低数量・レートの条件付きで）動かせます。\n二重取り：1回の買い物で2〜3の特典\n二重取りとは、同じ買い物から複数の正当な特典を受け取ることです。例えば、ポイントアプリの提示による店のポイントに、使ったカードやQRウォレットの決済ポイントを重ねます。コンビニではdポイントカードを提示（店のポイント）し、還元のあるカードやQRアプリで払う（決済ポイント）ことができます。重要な確認は、各層が個別に対象であることです。カードがウォレットのチャージ元として使えることは、そのチャージでポイントが付くことを証明しません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/how-points-are-earned","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-stacking","faq:rewards-limited-time","faq:points-value"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:redeem-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"楽天SPU（スーパーポイントアップ）","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"dポイントクラブ公式","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayポイントのヘルプ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:point-value-expiry:ja","entityId":"guide:point-value-expiry","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイントの価値・有効期限・価値低下","plainText":"主要ポイントは約1円ですが、失効や店舗限定で実質価値は下がります。通常のPayPayポイントは無期限、dポイントは48か月、nanaco・WAONは約2年です。\n1ポイントの実際の価値、プログラム別の失効の仕組み、損失を避ける方法。\n1ポイントは現実に交換できる価値で評価し、最大値では評価しない。\n通常のPayPayポイントは無期限、期間限定ポイントは失効する。\ndポイントは通常、獲得から48か月で失効。\nnanacoとWAON POINTの有効期間は最長で約2年。\n1つの経済圏に集中し、期間限定ポイントから先に使う。\nポイントの実際の価値\n名目上の「1ポイント」が必ず1円とは限りません。店舗や事業者のモールで使えば、多くの主要ポイントは約1円で交換できます。マイルや商品、別通貨に交換すると、実現価値は1円をかなり下回ることがあります。楽天ポイントは日常利用で約1円を保ちますが、nanacoのような店舗限定残高は同じ名目率でも柔軟性は劣ります。実際に使う交換方法で価値を評価しましょう。\nプログラム別の失効ルール\n固定の有効期限を使うプログラムもあれば、対象の取引があるたびに残高全体を延長するものもあります。通常のPayPayポイントは現在無期限で、期間限定ポイントは失効します。通常のdポイントは獲得から48か月で失効するのが一般的です。PontaやVポイントは通常、対象の取引で延長されます（直近の変動から約1年）。WAON POINTは獲得サイクルの仕組み上、有効期間が最長約2年になります。nanacoポイントは4月〜翌3月に獲得した分が翌年3月末に失効するのが一般的です。JRE POINTは対象の獲得・利用が2年ない場合に失効します。\n価値低下と損失回避\n価値低下とは、交換レートの悪化・特典価格の上昇・還元率の低下・新たな上限・対象の縮小による価値の減少です。プログラムはルールを変えるため、何年も持ち続ける予定の残高にはリスクがあります。静かな損失を避けるには、残高が延長され続けるよう1つの経済圏に集中し、期間限定ポイントにリマインダーを設定し、告知された変更が発効する「前」に交換することです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/point-value-expiry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-limited-time","faq:rewards-no-expiry","faq:points-expiry"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:how-points-are-earned","guide:avoid-overspend-points"]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayポイントのヘルプ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-expiry","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"dポイントの獲得・利用・有効期限","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nanaco-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service","title":"nanacoポイント公式","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"waon-point","publisher":"AEON","title":"WAON POINT公式","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jre-point","publisher":"JR East","title":"JRE POINT公式","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:redeem-points-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:redeem-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイントを効率よく使う方法","plainText":"多くのポイントは日常の支払いや電子マネーチャージで額面（約1円）で使うのが基本。マイル交換が1円を超えるのは現実的で価値の高い特典があるときだけで、最低数量もあります。\n交換の選択肢・最低数量・家族プール、そしてマイル交換が有利になる場面。\n主な使い道：店頭値引き・電子マネーチャージ・ギフト券・マイル交換。\n最低数量や単位がある。例：nanaco 500ポイント→ANA 250マイル。\n家族プールを認めるプログラムもある。ルールを確認。\nマイル交換は、特典が高価値でない限り1ポイント1円未満になりがち。\n失効や告知された価値低下の前に使う。\n交換の選択肢と最低数量\n最も確実な交換はポイントを約1円に保ちます。提携店での支払い、電子マネーへのチャージ、事業者アプリ内での利用です。ギフト券や商品はばらつきがあり、1円を下回ることもあります。最低数量や単位に注意しましょう。例えばnanacoポイントは500ポイントでANA 250マイル、多くのプログラムは固定単位でしか交換できません。最低数量が小さいほど、残高が使えなくなるリスクが減ります。\nマイルや他プログラムへの交換\n交換提携は、通常は最低数量・レート・月間上限・有効期限の制限付きで、ポイントを別通貨に変えられます。PontaはおおよそPonta 2ポイントでJAL 1マイル、いくつかのカードポイントはANAやJALへ交換できます。マイルへの直接交換は、本当に価値の高い特典（実際に買う長距離の上位席）がない限り、1ポイント0.5円未満になりがちです。投機的に交換せず、実際に使う特定の特典のためだけに交換しましょう。\n家族プールと外国人にやさしい交換\n指定の親族でポイントを共有・利用できるプログラムもあり、世帯として有用なしきい値へ早く到達できます（ルールはプログラム別）。日本の住所が不要な交換（オンライン購入・電子マネー・アプリ内決済）なら、転居してもポイントは有用です。通常の個人の買い物時に使うポイントは、原則として課税所得ではなく値引きとして扱われる点も覚えておきましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/redeem-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-transfer-miles","faq:rewards-minimum-redemption","faq:points-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:mile-value-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"ponta-jal","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"PontaポイントとJALマイルの交換","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ana-mileage","publisher":"All Nippon Airways","title":"ANAマイレージクラブ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nanaco-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service","title":"nanacoポイント公式","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nta-points-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"国税庁 ポイントの所得税の取扱い","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/law/shitsugi/shotoku/02/37.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:avoid-overspend-points:ja","entityId":"guide:avoid-overspend-points","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"特典の罠と借金を避ける","plainText":"1%の特典は、不要な物の購入・リボ払いの負債・支払い遅延・不適切な資金拘束を正当化しません。特典はどのみち行う支出を割り引くだけであるべきです。\nキャンペーン追いが見返りより高くつく理由と、特典に支出を引っ張られない方法。\nキャンペーン追いは、見返り以上に時間とお金を使うことがある。\nポイントが割引になるのは、その支出が元々予定されていたときだけ。\nリボ払いの金利は、何年分もの特典を帳消しにし得る。\n支払い遅延は日本の信用情報を傷つける。\n時間を評価する。月2時間で年6,000円増でも価値は小さい。\nキャンペーンの誇張と支出の規律\nキャンペーンは行動を変えるために設計されています。「抽選」や「最大」の見出しは期待値ではなく最高賞を使い、多くはエントリー・特定のチャージ元・最低取引回数・期限を要します。追いかけると、見返り以上に注意力を消耗します。中心の規律は単純です。ポイントは、どのみち買う予定だった買い物では割引になり、不要な物を買わせるなら損失です。100ポイントのためだけの1万円の買い物は9,900円の損です。\n負債リスクと信用情報\n最も危険な罠は、ポイントのためにリボ払いを使うことです。日本のリボ金利は高く、何年分もの特典を帳消しにし得ます。ポイント最適化は常に、毎月カードを全額払うことを前提にすべきです。支払いの遅延・延滞は日本の信用情報も傷つけ、将来のカード・ローン、賃貸にも影響します。どんな還元率も、それを危険にさらす価値はありません。\n時間を評価する\n正当な最適化にもコストがあります。月2時間の管理が必要で年6,000円増なら、誤りや使いすぎのリスク前で時給約250円にすぎません。賢明なルールは、主要な経済圏を1つ自動化し、購買行動を変えるキャンペーンは無視し、残高は毎日ではなく毎月見直すことです。多くの場合、単純さのほうが高リターンの戦略です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/avoid-overspend-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-overspend","faq:rewards-revolving"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","guide:points-cashback-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"日本銀行","title":"決済システム","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-points-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"国税庁 ポイントの所得税の取扱い","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/law/shitsugi/shotoku/02/37.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rakuten-points-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:rakuten-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"楽天ポイント経済圏ガイド","plainText":"楽天ポイントは楽天の買い物・カード・ペイ・モバイル・銀行・証券で使え、約1円で交換でき、通常ポイントは利用で延長、SPUで市場の還元が上がります。\n楽天ポイントの貯め方・使い方・交換を楽天グループ横断で解説。\n運営：楽天グループ。楽天IDは無料で、オンライン購入なら日本の住所は不要。\n楽天カードは対象の一般利用で約1%（100円につき1ポイント）。\nSPUはグループサービスを多く使うほど楽天市場の還元が上がる（上限あり）。\n通常ポイントは約1円、期間限定ポイントは失効が早く交換不可が多い。\n向き：楽天を多用する人、経済圏内の居住者。\n貯め方と価値\n楽天ポイントは楽天グループが発行し、楽天市場・楽天トラベル・楽天ペイ・楽天モバイル・楽天銀行・楽天証券で使えます。楽天IDは誰でも無料で登録できます。楽天カードは対象の一般利用で約1%、楽天市場は市場ポイントを加算し、SPU（スーパーポイントアップ）はグループサービスを多く使うほど市場の還元率を上げます（条件・上限・期間限定の扱いあり）。店頭の提示還元率は店により異なり、多くのポイントは約1円で交換できます。\n有効期限・交換・最適カード\n通常の楽天ポイントは利用ベースの有効期限で、獲得・利用が続く残高は生き続けます。期間限定ポイントは固定の期限があり、交換や一部サービスから通常除外されます。ポイントは楽天サイトで約1円、街の店では楽天ペイ経由で使え、対応ルートでSuicaにチャージもできます。複数の交換提携がありますが、期間限定ポイントは通常対象外です。自然なカードは年会費無料の楽天カードで、楽天は一部英語情報を提供するものの、カード申込には日本の在留と住所が必要です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/rakuten-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-rakuten-spu","faq:points-which-ecosystem"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:rakuten-card","guide:rakuten-pay-guide","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-point","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"楽天ポイント公式","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-point-club","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"楽天ポイントクラブ","url":"https://pointclub.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-card-terms","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"楽天カード公式","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"楽天SPU（スーパーポイントアップ）","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:paypay-points-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:paypay-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"PayPayポイント経済圏ガイド","plainText":"PayPayは日本の主要QRウォレット。通常のPayPayポイントは無期限で約1円、獲得はPayPayステップの条件次第、Vポイントと1対1で交換可能（上限あり）です。\nPayPayステップやキャンペーンでの貯め方と、通常ポイントが無期限である理由。\n運営：PayPay株式会社。日本の携帯認証によるアプリ口座。\n通常のPayPayポイントは無期限、期間限定ポイントは失効。\nPayPayステップ（2026年6月2日以降は本人確認必須）が還元率を左右。\nポイントで払った分はステップ対象外。ポイントは送金・出金不可。\nVポイントと1対1で100ポイントから交換（日次・月次上限あり）。\n獲得・ステップ・キャンペーン\nPayPayは、コンビニ・小売チェーン・小規模店を含む非常に広い加盟店網で使えるコード決済です。日本の携帯認証でアプリに登録します。獲得はPayPayステップに従い、対象は決済方法や月間条件次第です。2026年6月2日以降は本人確認が必須で、PayPayポイントで支払った分はステップの対象外です。全国キャンペーンや抽選が価値を加えますが、「最大」の表示は完璧な条件充足を前提としています。\n無期限の通常ポイント・利用・交換\n目玉の利点は、通常のPayPayポイントが無期限であることです。小規模店での日常の少額支出が失効の圧力なく貯まります。期間限定ポイントは失効し、指定のLINEヤフー系サービスでしか使えません。通常ポイント（約1円）はPayPay残高での支払い全般や一部の請求書払いに使えますが、送金・出金はできません（対象のPayPayマネーのみ可能）。2026年3月以降、ポイントはVポイントと100ポイントから1対1で交換できます（日次・月次上限あり）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/paypay-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-expiry","faq:rewards-paypay-vpoint","faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:paypay-app-guide","guide:paypay-card","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayポイントのヘルプ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-step","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayステップ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-vpoint-exchange","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayポイントとVポイントの交換","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0402/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:d-point-club-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:d-point-club-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"dポイント（NTTドコモ）プログラムガイド","plainText":"無料のdアカウントはドコモ契約なしでも誰でも作れます。d払いは約0.5%（対象のdカードチャージで1%）、通常のdポイントは獲得から約48か月で失効します。\nドコモ・非ドコモ双方でのdポイントの仕組み（d払い・dカードを含む）。\n運営：NTTドコモ。dアカウントはドコモ契約なしでも利用可。\n店舗の還元率は様々。d払いは通常0.5%、対象のdカードチャージで約1%。\nローソンや多くの加盟店で強い。\n通常のdポイントは獲得から約48か月で失効。\n航空・提携先への交換あり（レート・最低数量は様々）。\n入会と獲得\ndポイントはNTTドコモが運営し、個人であれば誰でも無料のdアカウントを作れます。ドコモの携帯契約は不要です。加盟店（ローソンほか多数）でdポイントカードやアプリを提示する、d払いを使う、dカードを使うことで貯まります。店舗の還元率は様々で、d払いは通常約0.5%、対象のdカードでチャージすると店のポイント前で約1%（決済0.5%＋チャージ0.5%）になります。なお2026年9月1日以降、dカードのチャージボーナスは期間・用途限定ポイントで付与される予定です。\n利用・有効期限・交換\ndポイントはローソンやドコモショップなどの提携店で約1円、ドコモの携帯料金への充当、d払いアプリでの支払いに使えます。通常のdポイントは獲得から約48か月で失効し、期間・用途限定ポイントは独自の短い期限と対象サービスを持ちます。航空・提携先への交換はレートや最低数量が様々です。外国人居住者は入会にドコモ契約は不要ですが、アプリのSMS認証には日本の電話番号が必要なことが一般的です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/d-point-club-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-dpoint-account","faq:rewards-dbarai-rate"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:d-barai-guide","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"dポイントクラブ公式","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-expiry","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"dポイントの獲得・利用・有効期限","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dbarai","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d払い公式","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dcard","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"dカード公式","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ponta-points-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:ponta-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Pontaポイントプログラムガイド","plainText":"Pontaはローソン・au・リクルート・提携先で約1円で貯まり、JALマイルへおおよそPonta 2対1マイルで交換でき、標準残高は取引が1年ないと失効します。\nローソン・au・リクルート・JALをつなぐPontaの仕組みと有効期限。\n運営：KDDI／リクルート経済圏のロイヤリティマーケティング。\nローソン・au・リクルート系サービス・加盟店で貯まる。\nau連携：Pontaとau PAYが支払い・請求でつながる。\nJALマイルへおおよそPonta 2対1マイルで交換。\n標準残高は対象の取引が1年ないと失効。\n貯め方とau連携\nPontaは、ローソン・au・リクルート系サービス（ホットペッパーやじゃらんなど）・ガソリンスタンドほか多数の提携先で貯まる、店舗ごとのロイヤリティ通貨で、通常1ポイント約1円で使えます。特徴はKDDI／auとの連携です。Pontaはau PAYのポイント相棒で、au・UQモバイルの利用者はウォレットでPontaを貯めて使い、au関連の請求を支払えます。支払い前にPonta ID（カードやアプリ）を提示することが、店の還元のきっかけになります。\n交換・JAL・有効期限\nPontaは同じ店やauサービスでの交換で通常約1円で使え、例えば100 Pontaはau PAY残高100円になります。最も価値ある交換はJALマイルで、通常Ponta 2ポイントで1マイルのため、JAL利用者に自然に合います。標準のPonta残高は、獲得・利用の取引が1年ないと失効しますが、一部のKDDI発行分やキャンペーンポイントは別ルールです。外国人居住者はローソンPontaに簡単に加入できますが、au PAYとの連携には通常、日本の携帯か銀行口座が必要です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/ponta-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-ponta-jal","faq:points-which-ecosystem"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:au-pay-guide","guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"ponta-official","publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","title":"Ponta・リクルートポイント","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ponta-jal","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"PontaポイントとJALマイルの交換","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aupay-app","publisher":"KDDI","title":"au PAY公式","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:v-points-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:v-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Vポイント（SMBC／Visa）プログラムガイド","plainText":"Vポイントは旧TポイントとSMBC Vポイントを統合。多くの提携店で約1円、PayPayポイントと1対1で交換（上限あり）でき、SMBC／OliveやSBI証券とつながります。\nT ポイントとSMBC Vポイントが統合したネットワークと、カード・銀行・投資との連携。\n運営：CCC／SMBC主導のVポイント網（旧Tポイントを統合）。\nモバイルVポイントカードの提示やSMBC系カードの利用で獲得。\nPayPayと1対1、最低100、1日1回、月3万まで交換。\n現行条件ではWAONへの交換にも対応。\n通常は直近の対象変動から1年。交換で得た残高は別扱いのことも。\nVポイント網での獲得\nVポイントは、旧TポイントとSMBCのVポイントが統合したもので、CCC／SMBC主導の網で運営されます。加盟店（コンビニ、ファミリーマート、多くの小売）でモバイルVポイントカードや物理カードを提示する、SMBC連携のVisaカードを使う、口座・投資の取引を通じて貯まります。店頭提示やカード決済の率は様々で、実用上は対象の交換で約1円になることが多いです。\n交換・使い道・有効期限\nVポイントは非常に大きな提携網で約1円で使え、SMBCカード代金への充当、SBI証券でのクレカ積立、V Point Payへのチャージによる非接触Visa利用ができます。2026年3月以降はPayPayポイントと1対1で、最低100、1日1回、月3万まで交換できますが、交換で得たV残高は有効期限が固定1年のため、アプリ間でポイントを移すだけでなく実際の交換課題を解くために使うべきです。通常ポイントは直近の対象変動から1年延長されます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/v-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-paypay-vpoint","faq:rewards-vpoint-waon"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:smbc-numberless-card","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"vpoint-official","publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","title":"Vポイント公式","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-vpoint-exchange","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayポイントとVポイントの交換","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0402/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"waon-point","publisher":"AEON","title":"WAON POINT公式","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:waon-point-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:waon-point-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"WAON POINT（イオン）プログラムガイド","plainText":"WAON POINTはイオンのロイヤリティ通貨で、イオングループ店で貯まり約1円で使え、有効期間は最長約2年。WAON電子マネー（前払い残高）とは別物です。\nイオングループの食料品買い物で貯まるWAON POINTと、WAON電子マネーとの違い。\n運営：イオングループ。イオンアプリ・WAON POINTカード・対象のイオン／WAONカード。\nイオングループ店で特に貯まり、通常1ポイント約1円。\nイオンカードや特別な会員日でグループ店の還元が上がる。\n獲得サイクルの仕組み上、有効期間は最長約2年。\nWAON POINT（ロイヤリティ）とWAON電子マネー（前払い残高）は別物。\nイオングループ店での獲得\nWAON POINTはイオングループのロイヤリティ通貨です。イオン／iAEONアプリ、WAON POINTカード、対象のWAON／イオンカードで入手し、イオン・マックスバリュなどグループのスーパーで店舗ごとのポイントが特に貯まります。イオンカードでの支払いや特別な会員日の買い物は、グループ店での実質還元を高めます。食料品の買い物は頻度が高いため、こうした店舗限定の日やクーポンは、汎用カード間の小さな差より重要になり得ます。\n使い道・有効期限・電子マネーとの違い\nWAON POINTはイオングループや提携店での買い物に約1円で使え、現行ルールで他の価値へ交換（WAON電子マネーへのチャージを含む）できます。獲得サイクルの仕組み上、ある期間に獲得したポイントは後の年度サイクル末に失効し、有効期間は最長約2年です。2つの「WAON」を混同しないこと。WAON POINTはロイヤリティ通貨、WAON電子マネーは前払いの残高です。古い資料では両者が曖昧なことがあります。イオンカードの申込は通常、居住者に限られます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/waon-point-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco","faq:rewards-supermarket-best"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:supermarket-points","guide:aeon-card","guide:emoney-payment-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"waon-point","publisher":"AEON","title":"WAON POINT公式","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aeon-card","publisher":"AEON Financial Service","title":"イオンカード公式","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/ct/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nanaco-points-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:nanaco-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"nanacoポイント（セブン＆アイ）プログラムガイド","plainText":"nanacoポイントはセブン＆アイの店で貯まり、1ポイント1円でnanaco電子マネーに交換でき、4月〜翌3月に獲得した分は翌年3月末に失効するのが一般的な、ほぼ閉じた仕組みです。\nセブン＆アイ店でのnanacoポイントの貯め方・電子マネーへの交換・有効期限。\n運営：セブン＆アイ（セブン・カードサービス）。無料のnanacoカードやアプリ。\n対象のセブン＆アイ加盟店やキャンペーンで貯まる。\n登録後、ポイントはnanaco電子マネー（1ポイント1円）に交換。\n4月〜翌3月に獲得した分は翌年3月末に失効するのが一般的。\n主に閉じたセブン＆アイの価値体系で、マイル交換通貨ではない。\n貯め方と電子マネーへの交換\nnanacoポイントはセブン＆アイ・ホールディングス内で運営され、加盟店（セブン-イレブン、イトーヨーカドー、デニーズなど）やキャンペーンで貯まります。無料のnanacoカードやモバイルアプリを入手します。貯まったポイントは1ポイント1円でnanaco電子マネーに交換でき、セブン＆アイ網で使えます。重要な注意：任意のクレジットカードでnanacoにチャージしても、そのカードのポイントが必ず付くとは限りません。対象のチャージ手段だけが条件を満たします。\n有効期限と閉じた性質\n4月〜翌3月に獲得したポイントは翌年3月末に失効するのが一般的で、有効期間は最長約2年です。nanacoは主に閉じたセブン＆アイの価値体系で、マイル交換通貨ではないため、価値はセブン＆アイ網の中で実現します。外国人居住者は摩擦少なくnanacoを使えます（基本利用に本人確認不要）が、カードの基本ポイントを貯めるには対象のカードが必要です。セブン-イレブンやイトーヨーカドーを日常的に使う人に最適です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/nanaco-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco","faq:rewards-seven-eleven-best"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:convenience-store-points","guide:emoney-payment-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"nanaco-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service","title":"nanacoポイント公式","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:jre-point-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:jre-point-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JRE POINTと交通系特典（JR東日本）","plainText":"登録済みモバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）、登録済み物理Suicaは200円につき1ポイント（0.5%）。ビューカードのチャージで1.5%加わり、約1円で使えます。\nSuicaやビューカードでJRE POINTを貯める方法と、端末による乗車ポイントの違い。\n運営：JR東日本。アカウント・アプリ・登録Suica・駅ビルカード。\n登録モバイルSuica：対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）。\n登録物理Suica：対象乗車で200円につき1ポイント（0.5%）。\nビューカードのチャージは1.5%で、乗車ポイントと重なる。\n対象の取引が2年ないと残高は失効。\n乗車とチャージでのJRE POINT獲得\nJRE POINTは、JR東日本のもとでSuica・えきねっと・駅ビルの特典を統合します。JRE POINTカードを入手するか、JRE POINTアカウントに連携したモバイルSuicaを使います。乗車の還元率は端末次第で、登録モバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）、登録物理Suicaは200円につき1ポイント（0.5%）です。ビューカードでSuicaにチャージすると約1.5%加わるため、ビューカードでチャージした登録モバイルSuicaは対象移動で名目3.5%を重ねられます。乗車ポイントの獲得にはSuicaのJRE POINT登録が必要です。\nポイントの利用と有効期限\nポイントは通常1ポイント約1円で使えます。駅ナカの店・売店・商業施設、Suicaへのチャージ、JR東日本の切符への充当などです。すべてのSuica取引が対象のJR東日本乗車とは限りません。2%は対象乗車に適用され、あらゆる店の買い物ではなく、定期券は別の率です。残高は対象の獲得・利用が2年ないと失効し、取引で延長されます。多くの鉄道特典は日本の住所と電話が必要で、非居住者には使いにくいことがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/jre-point-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-suica-register","faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:train-commuter-rewards","guide:view-card-standard","guide:mobile-suica-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"jre-point","publisher":"JR East","title":"JRE POINT公式","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jre-suica","publisher":"JR East","title":"モバイルSuica・JRE POINT乗車ポイント","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"view-card","publisher":"JR East","title":"ビューカード公式","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:convenience-store-points:ja","entityId":"guide:convenience-store-points","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"コンビニのロイヤリティプログラム","plainText":"各チェーンに独自プログラム：セブン/nanaco、ローソン/Ponta・dポイント、ファミマ/Vポイント・FamiPay、ミニストップ/WAON。会員コードを提示し、対象の最良の方法で払います。\n主要コンビニが使うポイントと、店と決済の特典を組み合わせる方法。\nセブン：nanaco・セブンマイル。ローソン：Ponta・dポイント。\nファミマ：Vポイント（旧Tポイント）・FamiPay。ミニストップ：WAON。\n必要な店では支払い前に会員コードを提示。\n店アプリは決済特典と別にクーポンやミッションを加えることがある。\n対象チェーンではSMBC NLのスマホのタッチで最大7%（方法限定）。\n各チェーンのプログラム\nコンビニはそれぞれ異なるポイントを軸にします。セブン-イレブンはnanaco（アプリでセブンマイルも）。ローソンはPontaとdポイントの両方に参加し、どちらも提示できます。ファミリーマートはVポイント（旧Tポイント）と自社のFamiPayウォレットを使い、キャッシュバックの層を加えます。イオングループのミニストップはWAON POINTです。支払い前に正しい会員コードを提示することが店のポイントの獲得で、決済方法はその上に別の特典を得ます。\n店と決済の特典を組み合わせる\n効率的な手順は、店の会員を提示し、アプリのクーポンを適用し、対象の最良の方法（還元のあるカードやQRウォレット）で払うことです。対象チェーンで三井住友カードの対象店スマホのタッチを使う場合、還元は最大7%になり得ますが、対象のスマホのタッチという正確な経路に限られます。物理カードのタッチやiDは対象外で、7%には基本0.5%が含まれるため別に足してはいけません。カードの特典は通常、クーポン値引き後の金額で計算されます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/convenience-store-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-seven-eleven-best","faq:rewards-lawson-best","faq:rewards-familymart-best"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:convenience-shopper-rewards","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:smbc-numberless-card"]},"sources":[{"id":"nanaco-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service","title":"nanacoポイント公式","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ponta-official","publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","title":"Ponta・リクルートポイント","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"dポイントクラブ公式","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"vpoint-official","publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","title":"Vポイント公式","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"対象のコンビニ・飲食店での還元","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:supermarket-points:ja","entityId":"guide:supermarket-points","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"スーパーのロイヤリティプログラム","plainText":"イオンはWAON POINT、イトーヨーカドーはnanaco、西友は楽天ポイント寄り、独自カードのチェーンもあります。頻度の高い会員日は、わずかなカード率の差を上回ることが多いです。\n主要スーパーが使うポイントと、店舗限定の会員日がカードの差を上回る理由。\nイオン／マックスバリュ：WAON POINT。イトーヨーカドー：nanaco。\n西友は楽天ポイント寄り、ライフはLaCuCa、東急ストアはTOKYU POINT。\n地域の生協やチェーンのカードが一地域で強いことがある。\n店の会員日やクーポンは、汎用カードの小さな差を上回ることが多い。\nネットスーパー（楽天西友ネットスーパーなど）は経済圏ポイントを加える。\nスーパーが使うポイント\nスーパーの特典は分散しています。イオングループ（イオン・マックスバリュ）はWAON POINT、イトーヨーカドーはnanaco、西友は楽天ポイント寄り、ライフはLaCuCaカード、東急ストアはTOKYU POINT、多くの地域生協や地方チェーンは独自カードを持ち、一都道府県で強いことがあります。食料品は頻繁に買うため、実際に週次で通う店を、わずかに高い汎用カードよりその店のプログラムと組み合わせるのが実用的な勝ち筋です。\n会員日と決済選び\nスーパー自身の頻度の高い会員日（5日・20日の割引、シニアデー、ポイント2倍の日など）は、汎用カード間の小さな差を上回り得るため、まず店の無料プログラムに入りましょう。次に、イオンではWAON、他店では還元のあるカードや電子マネーで払い、決済の特典を加えます。楽天西友ネットスーパーなどのネットスーパーも経済圏ポイントを貯められ、その経済圏に集中している人に有用です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/supermarket-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-supermarket-best","faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:waon-point-guide","guide:nanaco-points-guide","guide:family-rewards"]},"sources":[{"id":"waon-point","publisher":"AEON","title":"WAON POINT公式","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nanaco-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service","title":"nanacoポイント公式","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-point","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"楽天ポイント公式","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:electronics-store-points:ja","entityId":"guide:electronics-store-points","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"家電量販店のポイント（ビック・ヨドバシ・ヤマダ）","plainText":"ヨドバシやビックカメラは高い店ポイント（現金で約10%が多い）を付けますが、カード払いで率が下がることがあり、他店の現金価格が安いこともあります。最終価格・保証・ポイントを合わせて比較しましょう。\n家電量販店の高い還元率の仕組みと、最終的な現金価格が最も重要な理由。\nヨドバシのゴールドポイントやビックカメラのポイントは高い（現金で約10%が多い）。\nヤマダ・エディオン・ジョーシン・ケーズは独自のポイントカード。\nカード払いで店ポイント率が下がる商品がある。\nビックカメラSuicaカードは店ポイントとSuica／JRE機能を結ぶ。\n表面的な%だけでなく、最終現金価格・保証・ポイントを比較。\n家電ポイントの仕組み\n家電チェーンは異例に高い店ポイント率を付けます。ヨドバシのゴールドポイントやビックカメラのポイントは現金払いで約10%が一般的で、ヤマダ・エディオン・ジョーシン・ケーズデンキは独自カード（通常1%前後や割引の日）を持ちます。落とし穴は、クレジットカードで払うと商品によって店ポイント率が下がることです。店がカード網のコストを負担するためです。ビックカメラSuicaカードは、店ポイントとSuica・JRE POINT機能を結ぶ便利なハイブリッドです。\n最終価格が最も重要な理由\n表面的な還元率が高いほど得とは限りません。店ポイント率は商品や決済方法で異なるため、ポイント後の最終現金価格・保証・ポイント減額の決済方法を店ごとに比較すべきです。ポイント目当てで高い店から買うのは、使える特典と他の利点が価格差を上回らない限り、めったに得になりません。ポイント払い（一部を既存ポイントで払う）も、どの方法が最も貯まるかを変えることがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/electronics-store-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:bic-camera-suica-card","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store"]},"sources":[{"id":"view-card","publisher":"JR East","title":"ビューカード公式","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fuel-points-automobile:ja","entityId":"guide:fuel-points-automobile","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"給油・自動車の特典","plainText":"給油チェーンはポイント（ENEOS、出光/Ponta・楽天、コスモ）や独自の給油カードと連携します。1リットルあたりの値引きは現在の店頭価格で%に換算し、理論上の網羅性より近い店を評価しましょう。\n給油チェーンのポイントの仕組みと、1リットルあたりの値引きを%に換算すべき理由。\nENEOS連携のプログラム・カード。出光はPontaや楽天と関係。\nコスモや独自の給油カードは1リットルあたりの値引きを提供。\n1リットルあたりの値引きは店頭価格で実質%に換算。\n近い店のほうが網羅性より重要なことが多い。\nレンタカーや整備チェーン（オートバックスなど）は独自ポイント。\n給油チェーンのポイントとカード\n給油の特典は2種類あります。全国ポイントへの参加と、独自の給油カードです。ENEOSはポイントプログラムと自社カードに連携し、出光（apollostation）は内容によりPontaや楽天に関係し、コスモなどは独自カードを持ちます。給油カードは%ではなく1リットルあたりの値引きのことが多く、比較が分かりにくくなります。正しい方法は、1リットルあたりの値引きを現在の店頭価格で実質%に換算し、一般的な1%カードと比べることです。\n立地・レンタカー・整備\n給油では、店頭価格の値引きがある近い店のほうが、理論上広い網より重要なことが多いです。遠い店まで走る時間と回り道のコストが特典を打ち消し得ます。レンタカー（タイムズ、ニッポンレンタカー）や整備チェーン（オートバックス）は独自のポイントカードを持ち、定期的に使う場合のみ入る価値があります。いつも通り、これらの特典はどのみち行う運転への割引として扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/fuel-points-automobile","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-fuel-percentage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ponta-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"ponta-official","publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","title":"Ponta・リクルートポイント","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-point","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"楽天ポイント公式","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:restaurant-points-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:restaurant-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"飲食店・フードデリバリーの特典","plainText":"外食に統一ポイントはほぼなく、チェーンのアプリやモバイルオーダーのクーポンが基本ポイントに勝るのが普通で、デリバリーの上乗せや手数料は得たポイントを超えがちです。還元のあるカードで払い、クーポンを使いましょう。\n飲食店でアプリクーポンが基本ポイントに勝る理由と、デリバリーの上乗せが特典を食う仕組み。\n日本に主要な統一飲食ポイントはない。\nチェーンのアプリ（スタバ・すき家／ゼンショー・マクドナルド）やクーポンが価値を加える。\nモバイルオーダーのクーポンは基本ポイントに勝るが、カードポイント対象額を減らすことも。\nデリバリー（Uber Eats・Wolt・出前館）はクーポン中心。上乗せがポイントを超え得る。\n全国ポイント提携でも、カードやQR決済では貯められる。\n飲食店：基本ポイントよりアプリとクーポン\n日本に主要な統一飲食ロイヤリティはないため、価値はチェーン固有のアプリと全国ポイント提携から来ます。スターバックスリワード、ゼンショー／すき家のアプリ、マクドナルド、モバイルオーダーのキャンペーンは、基本ポイントより価値が大きいことが多いですが、クーポンでカードポイントの計算対象額が減ることがあります。実用的には、チェーンアプリのクーポンを使い、その店がポイント提携なら還元のあるカードやQRウォレットで払い、決済の特典を得ることです。\nフードデリバリー：上乗せに注意\nUber Eats・Wolt・出前館などのデリバリーアプリは、安定した基本還元より一時的なクーポンが中心です。重要な注意はポイントではなく経済面です。デリバリーのメニュー上乗せ・配達料・サービス料は、得たポイントを容易に超え得ます。メニュー価格・配達料・サービス料・クーポン価値を、直接注文や店頭受け取りと比べましょう。ポイントが、そうでなければ払わないデリバリーを正当化してはいけません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/restaurant-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-food-delivery-worth"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:stacking-credit-qr-store"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-point","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"楽天ポイント公式","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"dポイントクラブ公式","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ecommerce-points-programs:ja","entityId":"guide:ecommerce-points-programs","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ECモールのポイント","plainText":"楽天市場は楽天ポイント＋SPU、Yahoo!ショッピングはPayPayポイント（PayPayカードで強力）、Amazon Japanは控えめなAmazonポイント、au PAYマーケットはPonta。クーポン・送料・ポイント後の支払総額で比較しましょう。\n楽天市場・Amazon Japan・Yahoo!ショッピング・au PAYマーケットのポイント比較。\n楽天市場：楽天ポイント（基本1%）＋SPU倍率・キャンペーン。\nYahoo!ショッピング：PayPayポイント。PayPayカードや週次クーポンで増加。\nAmazon Japan：控えめなAmazonポイント。連携Mastercardで高くなることも。\nau PAYマーケット（Wowma）：Ponta／auポイント。auサービスと連携。\nポイント率だけでなく、クーポン・送料・ポイント後の支払総額で比較。\n主要モールの貯め方\n楽天市場は基本1%の楽天ポイントにSPU倍率と定期の大型キャンペーンが加わり、楽天に集中する人は汎用カードを上回れます。Yahoo!ショッピングはPayPayポイントで、PayPayカードや週次クーポンと組み合わせると高い合計還元になります。Amazon JapanはAmazonポイントを対象商品に控えめに付け、連携Mastercardで高くなることもあります。au PAYマーケット（旧Wowma）はPonta／auポイントでau利用者に合います。経済圏ボーナスは汎用カードを上回り得ますが、上限と価格を比較すべきです。\n支払総額で比較する\nモールのキャンペーンはエントリーが必要で上限が低いことが多く、表面的な還元率は総コストから注意をそらします。商品の支払総額を、クーポン・送料・ポイント後にモール横断で比較し、ポイントが有用に保てるよう既に集中している経済圏を優先しましょう。楽天では、いくつかのSPU・キャンペーン分が失効の早い期間限定ポイントで、通常交換できない点を思い出し、比較時は割り引きましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/ecommerce-points-programs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon","faq:rewards-rakuten-spu"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:compare-point-ecosystems","guide:ecommerce-stacking"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-point","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"楽天ポイント公式","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"楽天SPU（スーパーポイントアップ）","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayポイントのヘルプ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ponta-official","publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","title":"Ponta・リクルートポイント","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bank-brokerage-rewards:ja","entityId":"guide:bank-brokerage-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"銀行・証券の特典","plainText":"銀行は給与振込・口座振替・残高でポイントを付け、証券（SBI/Vポイント、楽天証券/楽天ポイント、eSmart/Ponta）はクレカ積立に還元します。ただし上限・信託報酬・適合性がポイントより先です。\n銀行・証券がポイントを付ける仕組みと、特典より適合性が先である理由。\n銀行は給与振込・口座振替・残高でポイントを付けることがある。\nSBI証券はVポイント、楽天証券は楽天ポイントと連携。\neSmart証券（auカブコムの後継）はPontaと連携。\nクレカ積立は月間上限・対象ファンド・利用条件がある。\n投資の適合性・手数料・リスクがポイントより常に先。\n銀行の特典\nいくつかの銀行は取引関係（給与振込・口座振替・口座残高）にポイントを付けます。楽天銀行・SMBC／Olive・auじぶん銀行・PayPay銀行などです。既にそこで取引しているなら本当のボーナスになり得ますが、わずかな特典だけで銀行を変えると運用リスク（手数料の変化・振込の手間・口座開設の労力）が生じます。銀行ポイントは、他が同等に適した口座間のタイブレークとして扱い、主要な銀行取引を移す理由にはしないでください。\n証券とクレカ積立\n証券会社はクレカ積立に還元します。SBI証券はVポイントとSMBCカード、楽天証券は楽天ポイント、eSmart証券（auカブコムの後継）はPontaと連携します。表示上の最大率はカードのランクや年間利用・サービス条件次第で、多くの利用者の通常率ではありません。月間の積立上限もあります。重要なのは、これは無リスクの利回りではないことです。市場リスク・信託報酬・カード年会費・上限は残ります。ファンドとプラットフォームはまず適合性と総コストで選び、ポイントは二次的なタイブレークとして扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/bank-brokerage-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-card-investing","faq:rewards-card-investing-risk"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:annual-fee-calculator","guide:v-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-vpoint-invest","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"Olive・クレカ積立","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/creditmode/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-card-terms","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"楽天カード公式","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aupay-card","publisher":"au Financial Service","title":"au PAYカード公式","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:global-point-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:global-point-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"グローバルポイント（三菱UFJカード）ガイド","plainText":"グローバルポイントは三菱UFJニコスのカードポイントで、月間利用1,000円につき約1ポイント、有利な交換先で1ポイント約5円相当、獲得から2年で失効します。\n三菱UFJカードで貯まるグローバルポイントの貯め方、交換先ごとの価値、2年の有効期限を解説。\n運営：三菱UFJニコス。VIASOやゴールド・プラチナを含む三菱UFJカードで貯まる。\n基本は月間利用1,000円につき約1ポイント。月内の合計から端数処理するため少額利用も無駄になりにくい。\n有利な交換先では1ポイント約5円相当で、基本還元は0.5%前後。\nポイントは獲得月から2年で失効し、利用による期限延長はない。\nPOINT名人.comや対象店舗プログラムで倍率が上がるが、所定の経路を通る必要がある。\nグローバルポイントの貯め方\nグローバルポイントは三菱UFJニコス発行のクレジットカード（三菱UFJカード、VIASOカード、ゴールドプレステージ、プラチナ・アメリカン・エキスプレスなど）で貯まるポイントです。基本付与は税込1,000円につき1ポイントで、取引ごとではなく月間の請求合計に対して計算されるため、少額の買い物も月内で合算されてから端数が切り捨てられます。対象店舗プログラムや自社モールのPOINT名人.comを経由すると倍率が大きく上がりますが、所定の経路・登録店舗を通った場合に限られる条件付きの上乗せで、基本還元率ではありません。なお、VIASOカードだけは扱いが異なり、手動交換ではなく貯まったポイントが年1回、最低額以上でキャッシュバックとして自動精算されます。\n1ポイントの価値と失効\nグローバルポイントに固定の価値はなく、交換先によって変わります。他社ポイントやギフトカードへの交換ではおおむね1ポイント5円相当とされることが多く、これが基本還元率を実質0.5%前後にしています。価値の低い交換先を選べばそれだけ下がるため、「1,000円で1ポイント」と「100円で1ポイント」を並べても、円に換算するまでは比較になりません。注意が必要なのは有効期限で、ポイントは獲得月から2年で失効し、楽天ポイントのように利用を続ければ古い残高の期限が延びる仕組みはありません。実務的には、貯金箱のように放置せず、年に一度は残高と失効予定を確認する必要があります。交換先としては、支払への充当、ギフトカード、提携ポイントプログラムや航空マイルへの移行などが案内されており、それぞれ交換率と最低交換単位が異なります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/global-point-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-value","faq:points-expiry"],"products":["product:mitsubishi-ufj-card","product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige","product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso"],"guides":["guide:point-value-expiry","guide:compare-point-ecosystems","guide:redeem-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"mufg-global-point","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","title":"グローバルポイント（三菱UFJカード）","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mufg-point-service","publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","title":"三菱UFJカードのポイントサービス","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/reason/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mitsubishi-ufj-card-rewards","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"三菱UFJカード：rewards","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:j-point-jcb-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:j-point-jcb-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"J-POINT（JCB）ガイド","plainText":"J-POINTは2026年1月にOki Dokiポイントから切り替わったJCBのポイントで、既存残高は自動移行され、交換先による価値の差は依然として大きいです。\n2026年1月にOki Dokiポイントから移行したJ-POINTの貯め方と、交換先による価値の違いを解説。\n運営：JCB。2026年1月13日にOki DokiポイントからJ-POINTへ移行し、残高は自動で換算された。\n付与は月間の請求合計に対して計算され、取引ごとに端数が切り捨てられるわけではない。\nJCBカードW・W plus Lは一般のJCBカードより基本倍率が優遇される。\nJ-POINTモール（旧Oki Dokiランド）経由で提携店の倍率が上がるが、経路を通る必要がある。\n交換先で価値が大きく変わるため、ポイント数ではなく円換算で比較する。\nOki DokiポイントからJ-POINTへ\nJCBは長年運用してきたOki Dokiポイントを、2026年1月13日にJ-POINTとしてリニューアルしました。会員側の手続きは不要で、既存のOki Doki残高は公表された比率で自動的に換算され、ショッピングモールもOki DokiランドからJ-POINTモールへ変わりました。この換算で残高の「ポイント数」の桁が変わったため、「1,000円分のギフトカードが300ポイント」といった旧Oki Doki時代の交換レートを引用した第三者記事は、いまのJ-POINT残高で何が買えるかの目安になりません。交換が得かどうかを判断する前に、JCBのプログラムページで現行の交換レートを確認してください。\n貯め方と使い方\nポイントは取引ごとではなく月間のカード利用合計に対して計算されるため、少額利用が続いた月でも貯まります。基本倍率はカードによって異なり、JCBカードWとJCBカード W plus Lは一般のJCBカードより優遇される一方、ゴールド以上の上位ランクは基本倍率ではなくサービス面に重心があります。提携店やJ-POINTモールを経由すると倍率が上がりますが、所定の経路を通った利用に限られ、キャンペーンの付与はさらに別枠です。使い道はギフトカード、支払への充当、提携ポイント、ANA・JALを含む航空マイルなど幅広く、実質価値は交換先で大きく異なります。マイルへの移行は加入している移行コースに左右されるのが通常です。他の発行会社のポイントと同じく、「ポイントが多く付く」カードが本当に得かどうかは、双方を円に換算してから判断してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/j-point-jcb-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-value","faq:rewards-point-value"],"products":["product:jcb-card-w","product:jcb-card-s","product:jcb-gold"],"guides":["guide:jcb-card-w","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-jpoint","publisher":"JCB","title":"J-POINT（JCB）","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jcb-jpoint-renewal","publisher":"JCB","title":"Oki DokiポイントのJ-POINTへのリニューアル（2026年1月）","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/release/point-renewal_2506.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jcb-card-w-rewards","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"JCBカード W：rewards","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:eikyu-fumetsu-points-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:eikyu-fumetsu-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"永久不滅ポイント（セゾン）ガイド","plainText":"永久不滅ポイントはクレディセゾンのポイントで、会員資格が有効な間は失効しません。付与は1,000円につき約1ポイント、有利な交換先で1ポイント約5円相当です。\n有効期限のないクレディセゾンのポイント。貯め方、実際の価値、「永久不滅」の限界を解説。\n運営：クレディセゾン。セゾン・アメックスを含むセゾンカード全般で貯まる。\n会員資格が有効な間は有効期限がない点がプログラムの目玉。\n基本は月間利用1,000円につき約1ポイントで、有利な交換先では約5円相当（約0.5%）。\nセゾンパール・アメックスはApple Pay／Google PayのQUICPayで年間上限つきの優遇還元。\n「無期限」なのはポイントであってカードではない。会員資格を失えばポイントも失う。\n永久不滅ポイントの貯め方\n永久不滅ポイントは、年会費無料のセゾンカードインターナショナルからセゾン・アメックス各種、ゴールド・プラチナまで、クレディセゾンのカードで共通に貯まるポイントです。基本付与は対象利用の月間合計、税込1,000円につき1ポイントです。その上に、カードごとの条件付き優遇が乗ります。セゾンパール・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードはApple PayまたはGoogle Pay経由のQUICPay利用に対し、年間の利用上限つきで最大約2%相当と公表される優遇を適用し、ローズゴールドやゴールド・アソシエは海外利用や会員が選んだカテゴリーに高い倍率を設定しています。これらはいずれも決済経路・登録・対象カテゴリーの条件付きであり、カードの基本還元率として読むべきではありません。\n「無期限」の実際の価値\nこのプログラムの特徴は、ポイントが失効しないことです。ポイントを失う最も一般的な原因である「気づかないうちの期限切れ」がなくなるため、カード利用が少なめ・不定期な人には合理的な選択肢になります。ただし注意点が2つあります。第一に、無期限なのはポイントであって発行会社との関係ではありません。解約などで会員資格がなくなれば残高も失われるため、「永久不滅」は「何があっても自分のもの」という意味ではありません。第二に、無期限であることは交換レートを上げません。ポイントはアイテム、ギフトカード、他社ポイント、航空マイル、支払への充当などに交換でき、1ポイントあたりの実質価値は交換先によって変わり、有利な選択肢でおおむね5円前後です。これが基本還元を0.5%前後にしています。失効しないが0.5%のカードは、純粋な還元率では、実際に使い切る1%のカードに劣ります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/eikyu-fumetsu-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-expiry","faq:points-expiry"],"products":["product:saison-card-digital","product:saison-pearl-amex-digital","product:saison-gold-premium"],"guides":["guide:saison-gold-amex","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-eikyu-fumetsu","publisher":"Credit Saison","title":"永久不滅ポイント","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"saison-gold-amex","publisher":"Credit Saison","title":"セゾンカード公式","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"saison-card-digital-rewards","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"セゾンカードデジタル：rewards","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:orico-point-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:orico-point-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"オリコポイントガイド","plainText":"オリコポイントはTHE POINT系で100円につき約1ポイント、1ポイント約1円で交換でき、有効期限は短めです。還元率は高いが放置には向きません。\n1ポイント1円で分かりやすいオリコのポイント。THE POINT系の高い基本還元と、短い有効期限を解説。\n運営：株式会社オリエントコーポレーション（オリコ）。オリコカード全般で貯まる。\nTHE POINT系は基本約1%で、入会後一定期間の優遇が公表されている。\nギフト券や他社ポイントへおおむね1ポイント1円で交換でき、価値が分かりやすい。\nTHE PLATINUMは常時約1%以上、誕生月は約2%。\nセゾンなどに比べ有効期限が短いため、こまめな交換が必要。\nオリコカードでの貯まり方\nオリコポイントは、オリエントコーポレーションのクレジットカードで貯まるポイントです。THE POINT系（Orico Card THE POINT、THE POINT PREMIUM GOLD、リボ構造のTHE POINT UPty）は基本約1%の付与に、入会後一定期間の優遇を組み合わせた設計で、「年会費無料で基本還元が高いカード」として挙げられるのはこのためです。その上位では、Orico Card THE WORLDが海外ショッピングの還元率を国内の2倍にし、Orico Card THE PLATINUMは常時約1%以上、誕生月は約2%に上がります。さらにオリコ自身のオンラインモールを経由すると倍率が加算されますが、店舗から直接ではなくモールを起点に購入することが条件です。\n価値と有効期限のトレードオフ\nオリコポイントの強みは分かりやすさです。ギフト券や他社ポイントへおおむね1ポイント1円で交換できるため、「100円につき1ポイント」がそのまま約1%を意味し、換算作業が要りません。1,000円につき1ポイントで、実際の価値が交換先次第という他社ポイントに比べ、これは実務上の利点です。代償は「待てないこと」です。オリコポイントは有効期限が比較的短く公表されているため、何に交換するか考えている間に残高が失効しかねません。大きな交換を目指して貯め込むより、少額でもこまめに交換するのが実践的で、無期限プログラムに適した戦略とは逆になります。また、THE POINT UPtyはリボ払い構造のカードである点にも注意してください。残高を繰り越しながら同じポイントを貯めても、手数料がポイントの価値を大きく上回ることがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/orico-point-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-expiry","faq:rewards-revolving"],"products":["product:orico-card-the-point","product:orico-the-point-premium-gold","product:orico-card-the-gold-prime"],"guides":["guide:point-value-expiry","guide:best-programs-by-category","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"orico-point","publisher":"Orient Corporation","title":"オリコポイント","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/pointservice/oricopoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"orico-card-the-point-rewards","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"オリコカード・ザ・ポイント：rewards","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/the-point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:epos-points-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:epos-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"エポスポイントガイド","plainText":"エポスポイントは200円につき約1ポイント、1ポイント約1円で交換できます。基本還元は控えめで、価値の多くはゴールド昇格とそのボーナス設計にあります。\n丸井系のポイント。1ポイント1円、2年の有効期限、ゴールド昇格で採算が変わる仕組みを解説。\n運営：株式会社エポスカード（丸井グループ）。エポスカード各種で貯まる。\n基本は対象利用200円につき約1ポイントで、1ポイント1円換算で約0.5%。\nポイントは原則として加算日から2年で失効（発行会社の規定による例外あり）。\nゴールドは招待により年会費が永年無料になる経路がある。\nゴールドは選べるポイントアップショップと年間利用ボーナスで実質還元が大きく変わる。\n基本プログラムの仕組み\nエポスポイントは、丸井グループのエポスカードで貯まるポイントです。年会費無料の通常カードの基本付与は対象利用200円につき約1ポイントで、交換時はおおむね1ポイント1円として扱われるため、素の基本還元は0.5%前後になります。提携店やキャンペーンの上乗せはそれぞれの条件によるもので、基本還元とは別枠です。ポイントは原則として加算日から2年で失効し、延長や例外は発行会社の規定によります。楽天のように利用で期限が延びる仕組みではないため、放置した残高は実際に失効の危険があります。\nゴールド昇格で採算が変わる理由\n基本還元だけを見ると、エポスは平凡に見えます。このプログラムの実体は昇格の設計にあります。発行会社の条件を満たした会員はゴールドへの招待を受けることがあり、招待経由の場合、ゴールドの年会費は毎年かかるのではなく永年無料になります。ゴールドではさらに、会員が選ぶポイントアップ対象店と、年間利用額に応じたボーナスという2つの要素が加わり、実質還元率が動きます。日常の家計支出をカードに集約して年間利用額の水準に届く人にとっては、0.5%という表面値よりかなり有利になり、そうでない人には当てはまりません。正直に言えば、エポスは入門カードの基本還元率ではなく、ゴールドに到達して使いこなせるかで価値が決まるプログラムです。なお、招待の有無や時期を当サイトが予測することはできません。判断するのは発行会社であり、招待の受けやすさについて主張はしません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/epos-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-expiry","faq:rewards-no-fee-cards"],"products":["product:epos-card","product:epos-gold-card","product:epos-platinum-card"],"guides":["guide:epos-card","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"epos-point","publisher":"Marui / Epos","title":"エポスポイント","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"epos-card-terms","publisher":"Marui / Epos","title":"エポスカード公式","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"epos-card-rewards","publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","title":"エポスポイント","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:membership-rewards-japan-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:membership-rewards-japan-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"メンバーシップ・リワード（日本）ガイド","plainText":"メンバーシップ・リワードはアメックス日本のカードで貯まるポイントで、価値はどの移行提携先を使うかでほぼ決まり、有効期限の扱いはプログラム登録と利用状況によります。\nアメックス日本のポイントプログラム。価値を決めるのはギフト券ではなく移行提携先で、有効期限は登録状況に左右されます。\n運営：アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル（日本）。アメックス日本のカード全般で貯まる。\n価値は交換先で決まり、航空マイルへの移行が支払充当を大きく上回るのが通常。\n有効期限の扱いは単一の固定ルールではなく、プログラム登録と利用状況による。\nとくにANAへの移行は、登録・レート・年間上限の個別条件に従う。\nANA提携のアメックスは、移行を別オプションではなく商品側に組み込んでいる。\n価値を決めるのは移行提携先\nメンバーシップ・リワードは、グリーン・カードからゴールド・プリファード、プラチナ、ANA提携カードまで、アメックス日本のカードの背後にあるポイントプログラムです。1ポイント1円型のプログラムと違い、付与率だけを見てもほとんど意味がありません。同じ残高でも、支払充当なら控えめな金額にしかならず、航空提携先へ移行して本来現金で買っていた座席に充てれば、はるかに大きな価値になります。したがって価値を決めるのは「どの提携先に、どのレートで、どの便に使うか」であり、メンバーシップ・リワードの残高は固定の円換算ではなく、実際に購入する運賃から特典税・サーチャージを引いた額で評価すべきです。加盟店別の付与率、ボーナスプログラム、入会キャンペーンはそれぞれ別条件であり、基本還元に混ぜて考えるべきではありません。\n有効期限・登録・ANAルート\nメンバーシップ・リワードのポイント有効期限の扱いは、単一の固定ルールではありません。加入しているプログラムオプションと口座の利用状況によって変わり、規約も時期により改定されているため、安全な参照先は現行の会員規約だけです。移行についても同様です。有利なレートでANAマイルへ移行するには従来、有料プログラムへの登録が前提とされ、年間の移行上限も設定されてきました。これは、大きな残高を1年でどれだけ実際に使えるかを大きく左右する条件です。ANA提携のアメックスはこの点を別扱いにしており、マイル移行を別オプションではなく商品側に組み込み、ゴールドでは追加費用としてではなく標準で含めています。ダイナース発行のANAカードも同様の上位帯に位置し、独自のポイント規定を持ちます。移行比率の良さでカードを選ぶ前に、現行の登録要件・レート・上限を発行会社の規約で確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/membership-rewards-japan-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-point-value","faq:rewards-premium-card-worth"],"products":["product:amex-jp","product:amex-gold-preferred","product:ana-amex-gold"],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:redeem-points-for-travel","guide:point-value-expiry"]},"sources":[{"id":"amex-membership-rewards-jp","publisher":"American Express Japan","title":"メンバーシップ・リワード（日本）","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"amex-green-rewards","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル","title":"メンバーシップ・リワード","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"ana-mileage","publisher":"All Nippon Airways","title":"ANAマイレージクラブ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:rakuten-card:ja","entityId":"guide:rakuten-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"楽天カード プロフィール","plainText":"楽天カードは年会費無料で100円につき約1楽天ポイント。楽天ユーザーに最強で、経済圏外の人には弱いです。\n楽天経済圏の中心となる年会費無料・1%のカード。\n発行：楽天カード。Visa／Mastercard／JCB／Amex。年会費無料。\n対象の一般利用で基本約1%（100円につき1ポイント）。\n楽天市場のSPUやキャンペーンで加算（別上限・期間限定の扱い）。\n楽天や楽天ペイで約1円、楽天証券のクレカ積立に利用可。\n年会費が0のため損益分岐は即時。\n獲得内容と適合\n楽天カードは年会費無料で、対象利用100円につき通常1楽天ポイント（約1%）が付きます。基本に加えて楽天市場のSPUやキャンペーンでポイントが増えますが、別の上限と期間限定の扱いがあるため、価値評価では割り引きます。ポイントは楽天サイトで約1円、街の店では楽天ペイで使え、楽天証券のクレカ積立にも使えます（率はカードのランクとファンド次第）。強みは統合された経済圏、弱みは価値が実際に楽天で買う人に集中することです。\n2026年8月1日時点で、申込ページは対象の新規JCB申込に最大8,000ポイントを表示し、ネットワークにより内容が異なりました。申込前に必ず現在の条件と日付を読み、入会ポイントは一度きりで恒常的な年間リターンではないと考えましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/rakuten-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:points-which-ecosystem"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:rakuten-points-guide","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card-terms","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"楽天カード公式","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"楽天SPU（スーパーポイントアップ）","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:smbc-numberless-card:ja","entityId":"guide:smbc-numberless-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"三井住友カード（NL） プロフィール","plainText":"三井住友カード（NL）は年会費無料で通常約0.5%ですが、対象コンビニ・飲食店での対象スマホのタッチ決済は最大7%。物理カードのタッチやiDは対象外です。\n対象コンビニ・飲食店で最大7%になる年会費無料カード。\n発行：三井住友カード。年会費無料。基本は約0.5%（Vポイント）。\n対象コンビニ・飲食店の対象スマホのタッチで最大7%。\n物理カードのタッチやiDは7%の対象外。\nSBI証券のクレカ積立と連携（ランク・利用条件）。\n専門特化では優秀、無区分の0.5%カードとしては平凡。\n7%が適用される場所・されない場所\n三井住友カード（NL）は年会費無料で、通常の基本はVポイントで約0.5%と、無区分の支出には平凡です。価値は対象コンビニ・飲食店の還元にあります。指定チェーンでの対象スマホのタッチ決済や対象モバイルオーダーは最大7%になり得ます。重要なのは方法で、物理カードのタッチやiDは対象外です。7%には基本が含まれるため、別に0.5%を足してはいけません。家族／Oliveの条件で対象率が上がることもあります。2026年7月23日〜9月30日の対象の申込・利用に最大29,000ポイントの一時オファーが告知されました。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/smbc-numberless-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent","faq:rewards-id-vs-touch"],"products":["product:smbc-card-numberless"],"guides":["guide:convenience-store-points","guide:v-points-guide","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-nl","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"三井住友カード（NL）","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/numberless.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"対象のコンビニ・飲食店での還元","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"sbi-vpoint-invest","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"Olive・クレカ積立","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/creditmode/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:paypay-card:ja","entityId":"guide:paypay-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"PayPayカード プロフィール","plainText":"PayPayカードは年会費無料で基本約1%。PayPay利用者に最も簡単ですが、2026年6月2日以降、ポイントで払った分はPayPayステップの対象外です。\nPayPay経済圏の純正・年会費無料カード。\n発行：PayPayカード。年会費無料。基本約1%。\nYahoo／SoftBank経済圏でPayPayクレジットのチャージ元にもなる。\nPayPayステップやキャンペーンは本人確認・チャージ元・対象次第。\n2026年6月2日以降、ポイントで払った分はステップ対象外。\nPayPayカード ゴールド（11,000円）は年間100万円利用の特典が狙い。\nPayPay利用者に簡単\nPayPayカードは年会費無料で基本約1%、Yahoo／SoftBank経済圏でPayPayクレジットのチャージ元も兼ねるため、PayPayを多用する人に自然なカードです。PayPayステップやキャンペーンで上乗せできますが、本人確認・チャージ元・取引の対象性に依存します。2026年6月2日以降、PayPayポイントで払った分はステップの対象外のため、ポイント払いにステップボーナスが付くと考えないでください。PayPayカード ゴールド（年11,000円）は、1ポイント1円換算で名目上年会費を相殺する年間100万円利用特典が狙いです（機会費用・除外は別）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/paypay-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-paypay-points-step"],"products":["product:paypay-card"],"guides":["guide:paypay-points-guide","guide:paypay-app-guide","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-card","publisher":"PayPay Card Corporation","title":"PayPayカード公式","url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-step","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayステップ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:d-card:ja","entityId":"guide:d-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"dカード・dカード GOLD プロフィール","plainText":"年会費無料のdカードはdポイントで約1%。dカード GOLD（11,000円）は主に対象のドコモ利用が高い人向けで、10%相当の還元が年会費を上回り得ます。\n年会費無料のdポイントカードと、ゴールドが得になる条件。\n発行：NTTドコモ。dカードは年会費無料・基本約1%。GOLDは11,000円。\n対象時、d払いへのチャージでウォレット0.5%＋0.5%。\nGOLD：対象のドコモ携帯・ひかり料金は10%相当。\n2026年9月1日以降、d払いのチャージボーナスは用途限定ポイントに。\nGOLDは対象のドコモ利用が十分高い人だけが得。\n無料の基本とゴールドのしきい値\n年会費無料のdカードはdポイントで通常約1%で、dポイント利用者に分かりやすい選択です。対象のdカードでd払いにチャージすると、ウォレットの0.5%に0.5%が加わります。除外される支払いを確認し、2026年9月1日以降、d払いへのチャージボーナスは通常ポイントではなく期間・用途限定ポイントで付与される予定である点に注意してください。dカード GOLD（年11,000円）は対象のドコモ利用が高い人に最適で、対象のドコモ携帯・ドコモ光の料金は、税抜1,000円単位で10%相当の還元、加えて最大1万円相当の年間100万円利用特典が得られます。1%カードに対する概算の損益分岐は、完全対象の年間税抜料金で約122,223円ですが、端数・除外・上限が影響します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/d-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-dcard-gold-worth","faq:rewards-dbarai-rate"],"products":["product:d-card"],"guides":["guide:d-point-club-guide","guide:d-barai-guide","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"dcard","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"dカード公式","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dbarai","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d払い公式","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-expiry","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"dポイントの獲得・利用・有効期限","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:au-pay-card:ja","entityId":"guide:au-pay-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"au PAYカード・ゴールド プロフィール","plainText":"年会費無料のau PAYカードはPontaで約1%。au PAYゴールドカード（11,000円）は対象のau PAYオートチャージで最大5%＋携帯特典ですが、高還元は上限・条件付きです。\n年会費無料のPontaカードと、ゴールドの上限付き高還元。\n発行：au Financial Service。au PAYカードは無料・Pontaで約1%。\nau PAYゴールド（11,000円）：対象オートチャージ最大5%（上限あり）。\neSmart証券のクレカ積立：標準約0.5%、ゴールド約1%（月間上限）。\nPonta／auユーザーに良い無料カード。\n上限付きオートチャージボーナスを年会費と直接比較。\n無料のPontaカードとゴールドの上限\nau PAYカードは年会費無料で、対象利用はPontaで約1%と、Ponta・auユーザーに良い無料カードです。au PAYゴールドカード（年11,000円）は、対象のau PAYオートチャージで最大5%＋ウォレットの通常0.5%（条件・月間上限あり）を得られ、対象の携帯特典も加わります。表示の高還元は上限・条件付きのため、オートチャージボーナスの上限を年会費と直接比べましょう。クレカ積立は、eSmart証券で標準カードが通常0.5%、ゴールドが1%（月間上限まで）です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/au-pay-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-au-gold-worth","faq:rewards-ponta-jal"],"products":["product:au-pay-card"],"guides":["guide:ponta-points-guide","guide:au-pay-guide","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"aupay-card","publisher":"au Financial Service","title":"au PAYカード公式","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aupay-app","publisher":"KDDI","title":"au PAY公式","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:jcb-card-w:ja","entityId":"guide:jcb-card-w","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB カード W プロフィール","plainText":"JCB カード Wは年会費無料で、2026年1月導入のJ-POINT体系で基本約1%。申込は原則18〜39歳ですが、39歳以降も無料が続きます。\n18〜39歳向けの、強い年会費無料の汎用カード。\n発行：JCB。年会費無料。J-POINT（2026年1月〜）で基本約1%相当。\n申込は原則18〜39歳。以降も無料が継続。\n対象のJ-POINT提携先は基本以上に貯まる。\n対応端末でQUICPay・Apple Pay・Google Walletに対応。\n旅行するならJCBの海外受け入れを考慮。\n対象者に強い無料カード\nJCB カード Wは年会費無料で、2026年1月導入のJ-POINT体系で基本約1%相当、対象のJ-POINT提携先ではそれ以上に貯まります。申込は原則18〜39歳ですが、39歳以降も無料が続くため、対象のうちに申し込めばカードを確保できます。対応端末でQUICPay・Apple Pay・Google Walletに対応します。主な検討点は、初回の年齢制限と、一部の国でVisa／Mastercardより狭いJCBの海外受け入れです。現在のページは、申込・利用条件付きで最大24,000ポイントの一時オファーを告知していました。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/jcb-card-w","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-young-applicant-card"],"products":["product:jcb-card-w"],"guides":["guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-card-w","publisher":"JCB","title":"JCB カード W公式","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcbcardw.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:epos-card:ja","entityId":"guide:epos-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"エポスカード プロフィール","plainText":"エポスカードは年会費無料で約0.5%（200円につき1ポイント）。通常ポイントは原則2年で失効しますが延長でき、エポスゴールドは無料招待や年会費無料条件の達成で魅力的になります。\n入手しやすい年会費無料のサブカードと、ゴールドへの招待。\n発行：丸井／エポス（Visa）。年会費無料。基本約0.5%（200円につき1ポイント）。\n店舗・旅行ポータルのボーナスは様々。手軽なサブカード。\n通常ポイントは原則2年で失効するが延長可能。\nエポスゴールド：年間利用や招待で年会費が無料に。\nカード履歴を作る居住者に手が届きやすいとされる。\n手が届きやすいサブカード\nエポスカードは年会費無料で、200円につき1エポスポイント（ボーナス前で通常約0.5%）が付き、店舗や旅行ポータルのボーナスは様々です。手軽な無料のサブカードで、カード履歴を作る居住者に手が届きやすいとされます。通常ポイントは原則2年で失効しますが、利用で延長できます。エポスゴールドは、無料招待や自然な年会費無料条件の達成後に魅力的です。年間ボーナスは利用に応じて上限まで増え、翌年以降は対象の年間利用で無料になり得ますが、特典を使わず年会費を払うなら魅力は薄いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/epos-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-foreign-first-card"],"products":["product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:foreign-resident-rewards","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"epos-card-terms","publisher":"Marui / Epos","title":"エポスカード公式","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:view-card-standard:ja","entityId":"guide:view-card-standard","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ビューカード プロフィール（JR東日本）","plainText":"ビューカード（524円）は基本約0.5%ですが、モバイルSuicaチャージで1.5%。追加1%分で年会費を回収するには年間約52,400円のSuicaチャージが必要です。\nモバイルSuicaチャージで1.5%を得るJR東日本のカード。\n発行：JR東日本。年会費524円。基本約0.5%。\nモバイルSuicaチャージで1.5%。JRE乗車ポイントと重なる。\n対象のモバイルSuica定期券・グリーン車で5%。\n損益分岐：追加1%分の回収に年間約52,400円のチャージ。\nJR東日本・モバイルSuicaを頻繁に使う人に最適。\n交通特化カード\nビューカード（スタンダード）は年会費524円で通常の基本は約0.5%ですが、モバイルSuicaチャージは1.5%、対象のモバイルSuica定期券やグリーン車は5%になり得ます。登録済みモバイルSuicaをビューカードでチャージすると、1.5%のチャージ還元とJRE乗車ポイントが重なり、対象のJR東日本の移動資金で名目3.5%になります。0.5%の無料カードと比べ、追加1%分だけで524円の年会費を回収するには年間約52,400円の1.5%対象チャージが必要なため、JR東日本・モバイルSuicaを頻繁に使う人だけに価値があります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/view-card-standard","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-view-card-worth","faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate"],"products":["product:view-card-standard"],"guides":["guide:jre-point-guide","guide:train-commuter-rewards"]},"sources":[{"id":"view-card","publisher":"JR East","title":"ビューカード公式","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jre-suica","publisher":"JR East","title":"モバイルSuica・JRE POINT乗車ポイント","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bic-camera-suica-card:ja","entityId":"guide:bic-camera-suica-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ビックカメラSuicaカード プロフィール","plainText":"ビックカメラSuicaカードは初年度無料、以降は年1回以上の対象利用で無料。ビックカメラのポイントとSuica／JRE POINT機能を結びます。\nビックカメラのポイントとSuica・JRE機能を結ぶハイブリッドカード。\n発行：JR東日本／ビックカメラのハイブリッド。初年度無料。\n以降は年1回以上の対象利用で年会費無料。\nビックカメラのポイントとSuica・JRE POINT機能を結ぶ。\nビックカメラで買い、JR東日本を使う人に有用。\n家電の現金価格やポイント減額の決済方法を比較。\n家電・交通のハイブリッド\nビックカメラSuicaカードは初年度無料で、以降の年会費は年1回以上の対象利用で無料になります。ビックカメラのポイントとSuica・JRE POINT機能を結び、ビックカメラで買い物しつつJR東日本を使う人に有用なハイブリッドです。家電カード全般と同様、最終現金価格やポイント減額の決済方法を比較しましょう。店ポイント率は商品や決済方法で異なるため、表面的な%だけでは判断できません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/bic-camera-suica-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:electronics-store-points","guide:jre-point-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"view-card","publisher":"JR East","title":"ビューカード公式","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:aeon-card:ja","entityId":"guide:aeon-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"イオンカード プロフィール","plainText":"イオンカードは年会費無料でWAON POINT（基本約0.5%）が貯まり、イオングループの「Wポイント」の日は2倍。イオンを定期利用する人に最強です。\nポイント2倍の会員日があるイオングループ向けの年会費無料カード。\n発行：イオンフィナンシャル（Visa／Mastercard／JCB）。標準は年会費無料。\n基本は約0.5%（WAON POINT。旧ときめきポイント）。\nイオングループ店の指定日にポイント2倍。\n主にイオン利用で価値。ゴールドは年会費・無料条件あり。\n申込は原則居住者、日本語。\nイオンの会員日向け\nイオンカードは標準版が年会費無料で、WAON POINTを約0.5%で貯め、指定の「Wポイント」の日はイオングループ店でポイント2倍になります。食料品の購入頻度を考えると、これは汎用カード間の小さな差より重要になり得ます。価値はイオン利用に集中します。ゴールド版は対象の年間利用で無料になり得る年会費があり、旅行保険を加えます。外国人の申込は通常日本語のみのため、イオン・マックスバリュなどグループ店を定期的に使う居住者に向きます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/aeon-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-supermarket-best"],"products":["product:aeon-card-select"],"guides":["guide:waon-point-guide","guide:supermarket-points"]},"sources":[{"id":"aeon-card","publisher":"AEON Financial Service","title":"イオンカード公式","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/ct/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"waon-point","publisher":"AEON","title":"WAON POINT公式","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:saison-gold-amex:ja","entityId":"guide:saison-gold-amex","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"セゾンゴールド・アメリカン・エキスプレス プロフィール","plainText":"セゾンゴールド・アメックスは初年度無料で、以降の11,000円は年1回以上の利用で無料になり得ます。セゾン永久不滅ポイントは失効しないのが特徴です。\n失効しないセゾン永久不滅ポイントと利用ベースの年会費無料を持つ低メンテのゴールド。\n発行：クレディセゾン。現行では初年度無料。\n以降の11,000円は年1回以上の利用で無料になり得る。\nセゾン永久不滅ポイントは失効しない（日本のプログラムでは珍しい）。\nセゾンのキャンペーン・旅行・提携特典を加える。\n利用ベースの無料条件が使えるとき低メンテ。\n失効しないポイントと利用ベースの無料\nセゾンゴールド・アメックスは現行の商品構成で初年度無料、以降の11,000円は年1回以上の利用で無料になり得る、低メンテの構成です。際立つ特徴は、失効しないセゾン永久不滅ポイントで、日本のプログラムでは珍しく、ゆっくり貯める人に有用です。セゾンのキャンペーン・旅行・提携特典を加え、モバイルウォレットに対応します。いつも通り、旅行特典を評価する前に現在の保険ガイドを確認し、使わない特典のために年会費を払わないようにしましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/saison-gold-amex","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-permanent-points"],"products":["product:saison-gold-premium"],"guides":["guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-gold-amex","publisher":"Credit Saison","title":"セゾンカード公式","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:paypay-app-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:paypay-app-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"PayPayアプリ ガイド","plainText":"日本の認証とeKYCで設定し、銀行・ATM現金・PayPayカードでチャージ、約1,000万店でQR決済。通常ポイントは無期限ですが、送金・出金はPayPayマネーのみ可能です。\n日本の主要QRウォレットの初期設定・チャージ・獲得・送金・出金・セキュリティ。\nチャージ：銀行振込（無料）・ATM現金・PayPayカード。手段で残高種別が決まる。\n獲得はPayPayステップ次第。2026年6月2日以降は本人確認が必要。\nポイントで払った分はステップ対象外。\nPayPayマネーは送金・出金可、ポイントとマネーライトは不可。\nマイコード受取は2026年6月17日以降、本人確認が必要。\n設定とチャージ\nPayPayはアプリで日本の携帯認証により登録し、利用額が大きいとeKYCの本人確認が必要です。チャージ手段には銀行振込（無料）・ATM現金・キャリアチャージ・PayPayカードがあり、手段によって残高がPayPayマネーかマネーライトかが決まります。外国カードのチャージは限定的で、PayPayは外国カードの汎用的な回避策ではなく、対応カードの登録や3Dセキュアの規則が適用されます。ATMや対象外カードのチャージは通常ポイントが付かないため、ポイントが欲しいならアプリの対象ルートを使いましょう。\n獲得・送金・セキュリティ\n基本の獲得はPayPayステップ次第で、2026年6月2日以降は本人確認が必要です。PayPayポイントで払った分はステップの対象外です。PayPayは約1,000万店で使え、請求書払い（特典の扱いは異なる）や個人間送金に対応します。送金・出金はPayPayマネーのみ可能で、ポイントとマネーライトはできません。送金はカード決済ではなく取消の権利が弱く、PayPayは利用者が始めた送受金を補償対象外としているため、相手を確認しましょう。セキュリティは生体認証／PINでロックし、紛失時は端末をロックし、資格情報を停止し、取引を確認します。SMSコードやPINを電話の相手に伝えないこと。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/paypay-app-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-paypay-charge-points","faq:rewards-paypay-points-step","faq:rewards-no-expiry"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:paypay-points-guide","guide:paypay-card","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayポイントのヘルプ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-step","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayステップ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-card","publisher":"PayPay Card Corporation","title":"PayPayカード公式","url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rakuten-pay-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:rakuten-pay-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"楽天ペイ アプリ ガイド","plainText":"楽天ペイは楽天アカウントに紐づき、対象の楽天ポイントカード提示と対象の楽天キャッシュ払いの条件を満たすと最大2.5%。告知されていた2026年3月1日の変更は延期されました。\n楽天ペイのポイント獲得、最大2.5%の重ね取り、そして延期された2026年3月の変更。\n楽天アカウントが必要。楽天カードを連携して獲得。\n対象の楽天ポイントカード提示＋対象の楽天キャッシュ払いで最大2.5%。\n対象のポイントカード提示がないと最大値は下がる。\n2026年3月1日の変更案は延期。古いガイドは陳腐化。\nPayPayより加盟店は少ないが楽天ポイントと統合。\n設定と獲得\n楽天ペイは楽天アカウントに紐づくQR決済です。楽天カード（推奨）を連携し、楽天キャッシュや対応の登録手段でチャージできます（3Dセキュアやカード読み取りが必要なことがあります）。現行プログラムは、対象の楽天ポイントカードを提示し、対象の楽天キャッシュ払いの条件を満たすと最大2.5%を掲げます。対象のポイントカード提示がないと最大値は下がります。ポイントカードの率は店により異なり、対象外の店や決済手段では率が下がります。\n延期された変更と比較\n2026年3月1日の変更案は延期されたため、それが発効した前提のガイドは陳腐化しています。率に頼る前にアプリで現在の条件を確認しましょう。楽天キャッシュの送受金は現行手順でアプリ内対応、請求書払いも対応します（一部の請求はポイント利用不可）。PayPayと比べ、楽天ペイは加盟店が少ないものの楽天ポイントと密に統合するため、ポイントカード提示と決済を組み合わせられる楽天ユーザーに最も強いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/rakuten-pay-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-rakuten-pay-change","faq:rewards-rakuten-pay-max"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:rakuten-points-guide","guide:rakuten-card","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-pay","publisher":"Rakuten Payment","title":"楽天ペイ公式","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-point","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"楽天ポイント公式","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:d-barai-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:d-barai-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"d払い ガイド","plainText":"d払いは約0.5%のdポイント、対象のdカードチャージで約1%。他社カードのチャージは通常のd払いポイント対象外で、2026年9月1日以降、dカードのチャージボーナスは用途限定ポイントになります。\nドコモのQRウォレットと0.5%／1%の獲得、2026年9月のチャージボーナス変更。\ndアカウント（非ドコモも可）とスマホが必要。\n基本約0.5%、対象のdカードチャージで0.5%加わり店ポイント前で約1%。\n他社カードのチャージは通常のd払いポイント対象外。\n2026年9月1日以降、dカードのチャージボーナスは用途限定ポイントに。\nローソン・ファミマなどdポイントと同じ店で使える。\n設定・獲得・2026年9月の変更\nd払いはドコモのQR決済です。dアカウント（非ドコモの顧客でも作れます）とスマホが必要で、クレジットカードや銀行などのチャージ元を連携します。基本の獲得は約0.5%のdポイント、対象のdカードでチャージすると0.5%加わり、店ポイント前で約1%になります。重要なのは、他社カードのチャージは通常のd払いポイントの対象外である点で、連携したどのカードでもウォレット特典が付くと考えないでください。ローソン・ファミマなどdポイントと同じ店で使えます。2026年9月1日以降、dカードのチャージボーナスは通常ポイントではなく期間・用途限定ポイントで付与される予定のため、頼る前に現在の扱いを確認しましょう。dポイント・ドコモのユーザー、できればdカードを連携している人に最適です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/d-barai-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-dbarai-rate","faq:rewards-dbarai-other-card"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:d-point-club-guide","guide:d-card","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"id":"dbarai","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d払い公式","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dcard","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"dカード公式","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"dポイントクラブ公式","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:au-pay-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:au-pay-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"au PAY ガイド","plainText":"au PAYは通常利用で約0.5%のPonta（ゴールドのオートチャージは上限付きで最大5%）。対象のau PAYマネーはauじぶん銀行で無料、他行は220円で出金できます。\nKDDIのQRウォレット、Pontaの獲得、出金ルール。\nau IDで設定。銀行・現金・対応カード・au PAYカードでチャージ。\n通常利用で約0.5%のPonta、ゴールドのオートチャージは最大5%（上限あり）。\n対象のau PAYマネーは送金・出金可。\nauじぶん銀行は無料、他行は約220円（1回上限10万円）。\nローソン・ファミマなど多くの店で使える。\n獲得・チャージ・出金\nau PAYはKDDIのQR決済で、au IDで設定し、銀行口座・現金・対応カード・キャリア経路・au PAYカードでチャージします（チャージ可否はカード発行会社や口座状態で異なります）。通常のau PAY利用は約0.5%のPontaを得て、ゴールドのオートチャージは条件と月間上限の下で最大5%を加えられます。対象のau PAYマネーは送金・出金でき、auじぶん銀行は現行条件で無料、他行は通常1回220円で、1回の上限は10万円です。請求・税の支払いは指定の場合に対応しますが、特典の対象性は別に確認が必要です。Ponta・au・UQのユーザーに最適です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/au-pay-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-aupay-withdraw","faq:rewards-ponta-jal"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ponta-points-guide","guide:au-pay-card","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"id":"aupay-app","publisher":"KDDI","title":"au PAY公式","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aupay-card","publisher":"au Financial Service","title":"au PAYカード公式","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ponta-official","publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","title":"Ponta・リクルートポイント","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:merpay-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:merpay-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"メルペイ ガイド","plainText":"メルペイはメルカリの売上残高や連携カードで払います。特典は主にキャンペーン／メルカード次第で、本人確認により送金口座に近づき、銀行チャージが可能になり、売上金の180日期限がなくなります。\nメルカリの売上残高を使うメルペイと、本人確認で出金期限がなくなる理由。\nメルカリ口座に紐づく。売上残高や後払い商品で払う。\n特典率は主にキャンペーンとメルカード次第。\n本人確認で銀行チャージが可能になり、売上金の期限がなくなる。\n未確認だとメルカリの売上金は180日の出金・申請期限がある。\nメルカリを活発に使う人向けで、汎用ポイントアプリではない。\n残高・本人確認・適合\nメルペイはメルカリ口座に紐づく決済アプリです。売上の残高、本人確認後にチャージした金額、メルペイの後払い商品で払い、特典率は汎用的な高い基本ではなく主にキャンペーンとメルカード次第です。本人確認が要で、機能を送金口座に近づけ、銀行チャージを可能にし、売上金の出金期限をなくします。未確認だとメルカリの売上金は180日の出金・申請期限があり、確認済み残高は送金できる一方、未確認の付与ポイントは上限が低いです。メルペイはメルカリを活発に使う人に最適で、汎用ポイントアプリではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/merpay-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-merpay-send"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"id":"merpay-guide","publisher":"Merpay","title":"メルペイ公式","url":"https://www.merpay.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:apple-google-pay-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:apple-google-pay-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のApple PayとGoogleウォレット","plainText":"Apple PayとGoogleウォレットは対応カードや日本の電子マネー（Suica・PASMO・WAON・nanacoなど）を保存しますが、特典を生みません。特典は元のカードや交通プログラムが決めます。\n各ウォレットが保存するもの、対応する日本の電子マネー、そして元のカードが特典を決める理由。\nApple PayはSuica・PASMO・iD・QUICPay・WAON・nanaco・クレカに対応。\nGoogleウォレットはSuica・PASMO・楽天Edy・WAON・nanaco・QUICPayに対応。\nどちらも汎用の追加特典は生まない。元のカードが決める。\n他市場向けの端末は日本のハードウェア対応を欠くことがある。\n紛失対策：端末ロック・探す機能・発行会社での停止。\n各ウォレットの対応と特典の仕組み\nApple Payは対応のApple端末で発行会社のカードや日本の交通系・電子マネーを保存し、カードや商品に応じて非接触ネットワーク・iD・QUICPay・Suica・PASMO・WAON・nanacoで処理します。Googleウォレットは対応のAndroid端末で日本の発行会社カードや電子マネーに対応し、公式にはSuica・PASMO・楽天Edy・WAON・nanaco（チャージ規則は商品で異なる）に加えQUICPay・iD・非接触に対応します。重要なのは、どちらのウォレットも汎用の追加特典を生まないことです。特典は元のカードや交通プログラムが決め、店のカテゴリによっては正確なApple Payの経路が必要です。他市場向けに買った端末は必要な日本のハードウェア（FeliCa）対応を欠くことがあります。紛失時は端末ロック・探す機能・発行会社での停止を使います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/apple-google-pay-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-apple-pay-points","faq:rewards-google-wallet-emoney"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:id-quicpay-guide","guide:emoney-payment-guide","guide:mobile-suica-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"apple-pay-jp","publisher":"Apple","title":"Apple Pay（日本）サポート","url":"https://support.apple.com/ja-jp/apple-pay","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"google-wallet-jp","publisher":"Google","title":"Google ウォレット（日本）電子マネー","url":"https://support.google.com/wallet/answer/12058983","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:id-quicpay-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:id-quicpay-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"iDとQUICPayの解説","plainText":"iDとQUICPayはクレジットカードに紐づく非接触決済で、独自のポイント率はありません。特典は紐づくカードのプログラムが供給し、ボーナス区分ではVisa／Mastercard／JCBのタッチと同一には扱われません。\nこれらの非接触決済の正体と、キャンペーンで別扱いになり得る理由。\niDとQUICPayはクレジットカードに紐づくトークンサービス。\niD／QUICPay端末で即時の非接触決済ができる。\n独自のポイント率はなく、紐づくカードのプログラムが特典を決める。\nボーナス区分でVisa／Mastercard／JCBのタッチと同一には扱われない。\nどの資格情報で請求されるかを常に確認。\n決済の“レール”であってポイントではない\niDとQUICPayは非接触決済のレールで、クレジット（またはデビット／プリペイド）カードに紐づくトークンサービスです。iDやQUICPayのロゴがある端末で使い、少額はサインやPINが不要です。どちらも独自のポイント率はなく、特典は紐づくカードのプログラムを通じて付きます。重要なのは、ボーナス区分でVisa／Mastercard／JCBの非接触（タッチ）と同一には扱われないことです。ネットワークのタッチやカード番号の取引を要するキャンペーンはiDやQUICPayを除外することがあり、三井住友カードの対象店7%の経路はiDを除外します。Apple Payは多くのカードをQUICPayやiD経由にでき、Googleウォレットの非接触対応は一部端末で狭いです。区分ボーナスが適用されると考える前に、実際にどの資格情報で請求されるかを必ず確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/id-quicpay-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-id-vs-touch","faq:rewards-apple-pay-points"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:apple-google-pay-guide","guide:smbc-numberless-card"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"対象のコンビニ・飲食店での還元","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"apple-pay-jp","publisher":"Apple","title":"Apple Pay（日本）サポート","url":"https://support.apple.com/ja-jp/apple-pay","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:emoney-payment-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:emoney-payment-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"その他の電子マネー：WAON・nanaco・Suica","plainText":"Suica／PASMOは主に交通系電子マネーで特典は限定的、WAON（イオン／ミニストップ）とnanaco（セブン＆アイ）は独自ポイントが貯まる閉じた前払い残高です。任意のカードでのチャージがカードポイント対象とは限りません。\n前払いの電子マネーとロイヤリティポイントの違いと、それぞれの獲得場所。\nSuica／PASMO：主に交通。加盟店は広いが基本還元は限定的。\nWAONはイオングループや加盟店でWAON POINTが貯まる。\nnanacoはセブン＆アイで貯まり、貯めたポイントは電子マネーに交換。\nいずれも主に閉じた前払い残高。\n任意のカードでの電子マネーチャージがカードポイント対象とは限らない。\n前払い残高とロイヤリティポイント\nSuicaとPASMOは交通優先の電子マネーで加盟店は広いものの基本還元は限定的です。特典はチャージ元のカード、JR東日本なら登録済みモバイルSuicaの乗車ポイントから来ます。WAON電子マネーは会員登録すればイオングループや加盟店でWAON POINTが貯まり、モバイルSuicaはApple Payに追加できます。nanaco電子マネーはセブン＆アイでポイントが貯まり、貯めたnanacoポイントは電子マネーに交換できます。共通の規律は、これらが主に閉じた前払い残高であり、任意のカードでチャージしてもそのカードのポイントが必ず付くとは限らないことです。対象のチャージ手段だけが条件を満たします。古い資料では「WAON電子マネーのポイント」と「WAON POINT」を混同していますが、両者は別物です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/emoney-payment-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-emoney-card-points","faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:waon-point-guide","guide:nanaco-points-guide","guide:mobile-suica-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"waon-point","publisher":"AEON","title":"WAON POINT公式","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nanaco-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service","title":"nanacoポイント公式","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jre-point","publisher":"JR East","title":"JRE POINT公式","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mobile-suica-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:mobile-suica-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"モバイルSuica ガイド","plainText":"登録済みモバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）、ビューカードのチャージで1.5%。海外発行カードのチャージは不安定なことがあります。\n乗車でJRE POINT、ビューカードチャージで1.5%を得るモバイルSuica。\n登録済みモバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）。\nビューカードのチャージで1.5%、名目3.5%の重ね取り。\nアプリやモバイルウォレットで追加。カード別の特典対象は異なる。\n海外発行カードのチャージは不安定。確実な戦略ではない。\n端末移行・復旧はモバイルSuicaと端末ウォレットで行う。\n乗車・チャージ・持ち運び\nモバイルSuicaはアプリやモバイルウォレットで、対応の日本のカードや多くの対象カードとともに使えますが、カード別の特典対象は異なります。登録済みモバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）を得て、ビューカードでチャージすると1.5%加わるため、ビューでチャージした登録モバイルSuicaは対象移動で名目3.5%を重ねられます。全交通機能と広いSuica加盟店利用も得られます。海外発行カードのチャージは不安定で確実な手段ではないため、居住者は日本のカードと組み合わせることが多いです。口座復旧や端末移行はモバイルSuicaと端末ウォレットで行います。JR東日本の通勤者や、iPhone・対応Androidを使う多くの旅行者・居住者に最適です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/mobile-suica-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-suica-register","faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate","faq:rewards-view-card-worth"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:jre-point-guide","guide:view-card-standard","guide:train-commuter-rewards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jre-suica","publisher":"JR East","title":"モバイルSuica・JRE POINT乗車ポイント","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"view-card","publisher":"JR East","title":"ビューカード公式","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"apple-pay-jp","publisher":"Apple","title":"Apple Pay（日本）サポート","url":"https://support.apple.com/ja-jp/apple-pay","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ana-mileage-club:ja","entityId":"guide:ana-mileage-club","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANAマイレージクラブ ガイド","plainText":"ANAマイルはフライト・提携カード・買い物で貯まり、原則として積算から36か月目末に失効し、固定の現金価値はありません。実際に買う運賃から特典税を引いて評価しましょう。\nANAマイルの貯め方・使い方・価値評価と、特典チャートが変わる理由。\nANA便・提携カード・ホテル／レンタカー・モール等で貯まる。\nマイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効。\n国際片道特典はゾーン・季節・クラスにより6,000マイルから。\nANAは2026年5月19日発効で国内特典ルールを改定。\nスターアライアンス。規定に基づき家族特典利用者の登録が可能。\n獲得と上級会員\nANAマイレージクラブのマイルは、ANA便（クラス別ボーナス付き）・提携カード（ANAカードで100円につき1マイルが一般的）・ホテル・レンタカー・モール、加えて提携プログラムからの移行で貯まります。上級会員（ダイヤモンド／プラチナ／ブロンズ）はプレミアムポイントで別に判定され、これは利用を測り、優先サービス・ラウンジ・アップグレードを与えるもので、使えるマイルではありません。マイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効するため、ゆっくり貯まる残高は時々使う必要があります。\nマイルの利用と価値評価\nマイルは特典航空券（ゾーン・季節・クラス別）・ANA SKY コイン・買い物に交換できます。国際片道特典はゾーン・季節・クラスにより6,000マイルから始まり得ますが、ANAは2026年5月19日発効で国内特典ルールを改定したため、古いチャートは危険です。固定の現金価値はなく、正しい評価は特典税・サーチャージ・放棄した利点を引きます。（比較可能な現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイルです。5万マイルと2万円の税が必要な10万円の旅程なら1マイル1.60円です。数字を膨らませる高い変更可能運賃ではなく、実際に買う運賃を使いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/ana-mileage-club","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-ana-expiry","faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","faq:rewards-mile-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:ana-vs-jal","guide:mile-value-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-mileage","publisher":"All Nippon Airways","title":"ANAマイレージクラブ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:jal-mileage-bank:ja","entityId":"guide:jal-mileage-bank","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JALマイレージバンク ガイド","plainText":"JALマイルはフライト・カード・提携で貯まり、原則として積算から36か月目末に失効し、基本の特典価格＋JMB PLUS（低価格の在庫がないと必要マイルが上がる）を使います。\nJALマイルの貯め方・使い方と、JMB PLUSのダイナミック価格の仕組み。\nJMB入会は無料。フライト・JALカード（100円につき約1マイル）・提携で獲得。\nマイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効。\n国内特典は基本価格＋JMB PLUS（低在庫がないとき）。\n2026年10月1日以降発券分は改定の対象。\nワンワールド。PontaはPonta 2で1マイル。\n獲得・JMB PLUS・価値評価\nJALマイレージバンクは入会無料で、フライト（ゾーン制）・JALカード（100円につき約1マイルが一般的）・ホテル・免税店・提携で貯まります。PontaはPonta 2で1マイル、JCBのOki Dokiポイントも交換できます。マイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効します。国内特典は基本価格＋JMB PLUS（低価格の特典在庫がないとき必要マイルを基本より上げる仕組み）を使い、2026年10月1日以降発券分は改定の対象のため、古いチャートは危険です。ANAと同様、固定の2円ではなく、実際に買う運賃から特典税・サーチャージを引いて評価しましょう。上級（クリスタル／サファイア／ダイヤモンド）は別に判定され、サービス特典を与えます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/jal-mileage-bank","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-jal-expiry","faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","faq:rewards-jal-plus"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:ana-vs-jal","guide:ponta-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-mileage","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"JALマイレージバンク","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ponta-jal","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"PontaポイントとJALマイルの交換","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ana-vs-jal:ja","entityId":"guide:ana-vs-jal","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANAとJALのプログラム比較","plainText":"どちらもマイルは積算から約36か月で失効。ANAはスターアライアンス、JALはワンワールドで、あなたの実際の路線・拠点空港・提携特典在庫に合うほうが良く、万人向けの勝者はいません。\n獲得・交換・アライアンスの比較と、どちらも万人向けではない理由。\nどちらも原則、積算から36か月目末に失効。\nANAはスターアライアンス、JALはワンワールド。路線と提携で選ぶ。\nANAは2026年5月19日から国内特典ルールを改定。\nJALはJMB PLUSのダイナミック価格。2026年10月1日以降発券分は変更。\n価値は表面的な1マイル単価でなく、現実的な特典の空席次第。\n違いと選び方\nANAとJALは基本では似ています。マイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効し、どちらも規定の続柄・口座ルールの下で家族の仕組みを提供します。決定的な違いはアライアンスと構造です。ANAはスターアライアンスで、2026年5月19日発効の改定国内特典ルールを持ちます。JALはワンワールドで、基本価格＋JMB PLUSのダイナミック価格を使い、2026年10月1日以降発券分は変更されます。提携カードも異なります（ANAは複数ネットワーク、JALはJCB寄りが多い）。\n実際の旅行で選びましょう。あなたの路線・拠点空港・提携特典在庫を実際に使えるほうです。どちらも万人向けに優れてはおらず、「1マイル2円」という見出しは事実ではありません。現実的に予約する具体的な特典に対して各プログラムを評価してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/ana-vs-jal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","faq:rewards-mile-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:mile-value-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-mileage","publisher":"All Nippon Airways","title":"ANAマイレージクラブ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jal-mileage","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"JALマイレージバンク","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:hotel-travel-rewards:ja","entityId":"guide:hotel-travel-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のホテルロイヤリティと旅行特典","plainText":"国際チェーン（Marriott Bonvoy・Hilton・IHG・Hyatt）は交換可能な旅行価値に強く、One Harmonyのような国内系は日本での再訪に実用的です。実際に払う現金価格から手数料を引いて評価しましょう。\n国際系と国内系のホテルプログラム、そしてホテルポイントを正直に評価する方法。\nMarriott Bonvoyは対象1米ドルにつき基本約10ポイント。24か月利用がないと失効。\nOne Harmony（オークラ ニッコー、ホテルJALシティ）は無料・段階制で、利用後2年延長。\n国際系は交換可能な旅行価値、国内系は単純な宿泊数特典に強い。\nホテルポイントは実際に払う現金価格からリゾート料・税を引いて評価。\n提携旅行カードは1〜2%＋マイルを加えるが、特典は個別に評価。\n国際系と国内系のプログラム\n日本で活発な主要国際チェーン（Marriott Bonvoy・Hilton Honors・IHG One Rewards・World of Hyatt）は交換可能な旅行価値に強いです。Marriott Bonvoyは多くのブランドで対象1米ドルにつき基本10ポイント（ブランドにより例外）を付与し、ポイントは対象の利用が24か月ないと失効するため、時々の利用が重要ですが、ポイント延長のためだけに不要な宿泊を買うのはめったに効率的ではありません。国内系は日本での再訪に実用的です。One Harmonyはオークラ ニッコー ホテルズ、ホテルJALシティ等を対象に、入会無料・段階制で、対象の利用後に通常2年延長します。プリンス（西武）・APA・東横インも国内プログラムを運営します。\nホテルポイントと旅行カードの評価\n国際ホテルのポイント評価は、リゾート料・税・5泊目特典・朝食やラウンジ・特典の空席・旅行者が実際に払う現金価格を織り込むべきです。単純なスタンプや宿泊数の国内プログラムは、頻繁な低価格宿泊では交換可能ポイントを上回ることがあります。旅行カード（ANAカード・JALカード）は1〜2%＋マイルを加えますが、ラウンジ・保険・ホテル特典・家族カードといった特典は個別に、実際に使う場合だけ評価しましょう。いつも通り、名目ポイントは現実的に交換できる価値しかありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/hotel-travel-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-marriott-expiry","faq:rewards-one-harmony"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:domestic-traveler-rewards"]},"sources":[{"id":"marriott-bonvoy","publisher":"Marriott International","title":"Marriott Bonvoy","url":"https://www.marriott.com/loyalty.mi","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"one-harmony","publisher":"Okura Nikko Hotels","title":"ワンハーモニー（オークラ ニッコー）","url":"https://www.oneharmony.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:stacking-credit-qr-store:ja","entityId":"guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"二重・三重取り：クレカ＋QR＋店ポイント","plainText":"店のポイントコードを提示し、還元のあるカードやQRウォレットで払えば、各層が別々に貯まります。各層を検証し、同じ基本を含む2つの率を足さないこと。\n1回の買い物でカード・ウォレット・店のポイントを正当に取る方法と、避けるべき誤った重ね取り。\n三重取り＝店のポイント＋決済方法のポイント＋対象キャンペーン。\n各層は、その決済手段で個別に対象である必要がある。\n例：ローソンのdポイントカード＋dカードでチャージしたd払い＋店ポイント。\n基本0.5%を、それを含むカテゴリ率に上乗せしない。\nウォレットがカードをチャージ元にできても、そのチャージが対象とは限らない。\n正当な重ね取りの仕組み\n重ね取りとは、同じ買い物から複数の正当な特典を受け取ることで、通常は店のポイント（ポイントカードやアプリの提示）に決済方法のポイント（使ったカードやQRウォレット）が加わり、時にエントリー済みキャンペーンも重なります。ローソンではdポイントカードを提示し、対象のdカードでチャージしたd払いで払えば、店のdポイントに加えウォレットとカードの層で約1%を得られます。重要なルールは、各層がその決済手段で個別に対象である必要があることです。店がポイント層に参加している必要があり、他社カードでチャージしたd払いは通常のd払いポイントを得ません。\nよくある誤った重ね取り\n重ね取りに見えても、現在の明確な確認なしに数えてはいけない組み合わせがあります。あらゆる前払い・QRチャージへのカード還元、対象外カードでチャージした残高へのウォレット還元、7%が既に基本を含むのに7%＋基本0.5%を足すこと、カードが使えるというだけで税・請求・電子マネーチャージ・投資・現金同等取引に還元があるとみなすこと、古いブログのカード→電子マネーの「ループ」などです。ウォレットがカードをチャージ元にできることは、発行会社がそのチャージにポイントを付けることを意味しません。各層を取引日に検証しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/stacking-credit-qr-store","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-stacking","faq:rewards-dpoint-dbarai","faq:rewards-avoid-double-count"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ecommerce-stacking","guide:convenience-store-points","guide:reward-stacking-checker"]},"sources":[{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"dポイントクラブ公式","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dbarai","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d払い公式","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"対象のコンビニ・飲食店での還元","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-pay","publisher":"Rakuten Payment","title":"楽天ペイ公式","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ecommerce-stacking:ja","entityId":"guide:ecommerce-stacking","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"EC＋カード＋キャンペーンの重ね取り","plainText":"楽天市場では基本ポイント・カード系SPU・エントリー済みキャンペーンを重ねられますが、エントリー・税抜計算・上限・期間限定失効が要素ごとに異なります。商品の支払総額で必ず比較を。\nモールの基本ポイント・SPU・エントリー済みキャンペーンの組み合わせと、最終価格で比較する理由。\n楽天市場：基本ポイント＋楽天カードSPU＋エントリー済みキャンペーン（大きな倍率まで）。\nYahoo!ショッピング：PayPayポイント＋PayPayカード＋週次クーポン。\nエントリーが必要なことが多く、いくつかの要素は期間限定ポイント。\n楽天のキャンペーンは通常クーポン値引き後にポイントを計算。\n商品の支払総額（クーポン・送料・ポイント後）で比較。\nモールの層を組み合わせる\nモールの重ね取りは、基本の市場ポイント・カード系SPU・対象の一時キャンペーンポイントを組み合わせます。楽天市場では、楽天カードで基本約1%、SPUはグループサービスを使うほど加算し、お買い物マラソンや大型キャンペーンでさらに増えますが、エントリー・税抜計算・上限・出荷時期・期間限定失効が要素ごとに異なり、いくつかのSPU・キャンペーン分は期間限定ポイントです。Yahoo!ショッピングではPayPayポイントがPayPayカードや週次クーポンと組み合わさります。楽天のキャンペーンは通常クーポン値引き後にポイントを計算し、上限も低いことが多いため、確実な比較はモール横断での商品の支払総額（クーポン・送料・現実的に評価したポイント後）だけです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/ecommerce-stacking","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-rakuten-spu","faq:rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:ecommerce-points-programs"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"楽天SPU（スーパーポイントアップ）","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-card-terms","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"楽天カード公式","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayポイントのヘルプ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compare-point-ecosystems:ja","entityId":"guide:compare-point-ecosystems","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"楽天／PayPay／d／Ponta／V：経済圏比較","plainText":"楽天はオンライン／統合利用、PayPayは広い対面QR（通常ポイント無期限）、dはドコモ、Pontaはau／ローソン／JAL、VはSMBC／SBI向け。既存のサービスに合うものを選びましょう。\n5大経済圏を、軸・有効期限・QRアプリ・最適ユーザーで比較。\n楽天：軸は楽天市場・サービス。期間限定ポイントに注意。\nPayPay：広いQR加盟店。通常ポイントは無期限。\ndポイント：ドコモ・d払いと分かりやすく連携。固定48か月で失効。\nPonta：au／ローソン／リクルート／JALの利便。利用で延長。\nVポイント：銀行・カード・投資・加盟店の統合。\n5つの経済圏の比較\n5大経済圏は主に、自然な軸・有効期限・QRアプリで異なります。楽天は楽天市場・サービスを軸に、利用ベースの有効期限（期間限定ポイントに注意）で、QRアプリは楽天ペイです。PayPayはPayPay・Yahoo／SoftBankを軸に、通常ポイント無期限で最も広いQR加盟店を持ちます。dポイントはドコモ・d払いを軸に、固定48か月で失効します。Pontaはau・ローソン・リクルート・JALを軸に、対象の利用で延長され、相棒ウォレットはau PAYです。VポイントはSMBC／Olive・SBI・広い加盟店網を軸に、対象の残高変動で延長され、単一の主要QRアプリではなく前払いのV Point Payを持ちます。\nどれを選ぶか\n最高の表面率を追うより、既存のサービスに経済圏を合わせましょう。楽天は楽天を多用する人に最強の初心者理由（1%カード＋統合EC）、PayPayは広いQRと通常ポイント無期限、dポイントはドコモ顧客、Pontaはau／ローソン／JALユーザー、VポイントはSMBC／SBIユーザーに向きます。PayPayとVポイントは1対1の相互交換に対応しましたが、交換で得たV残高は固定1年で、交換には上限があるため、ポイントを移すだけでなく実際の交換需要を解くために交換しましょう。1つの経済圏への集中は、ほぼ同等の残高を複数持つより優れます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/compare-point-ecosystems","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-which-ecosystem","faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten","faq:rewards-paypay-vpoint"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem","guide:best-programs-by-category","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-point","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"楽天ポイント公式","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayポイントのヘルプ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"dポイントクラブ公式","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ponta-official","publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","title":"Ponta・リクルートポイント","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"vpoint-official","publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","title":"Vポイント公式","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-programs-by-category:ja","entityId":"guide:best-programs-by-category","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"カテゴリ・ペルソナ別のおすすめプログラム","plainText":"初心者：携帯・銀行に合う経済圏。外国人居住者：まず無料ポイント、次に無料カード。コンビニ：SMBC NLのスマホタッチ。スーパー：イオンでWAON。旅行：交換が現実的なときだけANA／JAL。\n初心者・外国人居住者・買い物客・旅行者・投資家に、最も妥当な出発点。\n初心者：楽天かPayPay、または携帯キャリアに紐づく経済圏。\n外国人居住者：まず無料ポイント、履歴を作ってから無料カード。\nコンビニ：対象チェーンでSMBC NLのスマホタッチ。\nスーパー：イオンでWAON POINT、他は店独自プログラム。\n旅行：特典交換が現実的なときだけANAかJAL。\n用途別の出発点\n完全な初心者は、楽天ポイント・PayPayポイント・携帯キャリアに紐づく経済圏から始めましょう。広い利便性と1円換算の分かりやすい交換が得られます。外国人居住者はまず無料のポイント口座を作り（会員登録は与信より容易）、住所・電話・銀行の履歴を作ってから無料カードに申し込みます。日常の支出には、1%の無料カードと既にある店のポイントを組み合わせると、複雑さと失効リスクを低く保てます。コンビニ利用者は、対象チェーンでのSMBC NLのスマホタッチ経路（最大7%、方法限定）が最も有利です。スーパー利用者は、イオングループではWAON POINT、他店では店独自のプログラムを使いましょう。\nペルソナ・支出水準別\nキャリア別では、SoftBank／Y!mobileはPayPay、ドコモはdポイントとd払い（dカードの上位は年会費分析の後で）、au／UQはPontaとau PAYが合います。旅行では、特典交換が現実的なときだけANAかJALを選び、そうでなければ柔軟なポイントや現金同等の価値を優先します。マイルは失効し、空席が価値を制約するためです。投資家は、既に適した銀行・カード・証券の組み合わせを使うべきで、クレカ積立の還元は手数料・ファンド選び・リスクより二次的です。少額支出者は年会費と最低数量の高いマイル交換を避け、多額支出者はしきい値を最適化しつつ、有用な上限に達したら弱いカードの利用をやめましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/best-programs-by-category","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-beginner-program","faq:rewards-foreign-first-card","faq:rewards-no-fee-cards"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:compare-point-ecosystems","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category","guide:foreign-resident-rewards"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"対象のコンビニ・飲食店での還元","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"waon-point","publisher":"AEON","title":"WAON POINT公式","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-point","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"楽天ポイント公式","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayポイントのヘルプ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-credit-cards-by-category:ja","entityId":"guide:best-credit-cards-by-category","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"カテゴリ別のおすすめクレジットカード","plainText":"無料汎用：楽天／PayPay／au PAY／dカード（各約1%）。コンビニ特化：SMBC NL。若年無料：JCB カード W。交通：適したビューカード。プレミアム：継続特典が年会費を上回るもの。\n無料の汎用・コンビニ・交通・若年層・プレミアムで最も妥当なカード。\n無料汎用：楽天・PayPay・au PAY・dカード。経済圏で選ぶ。\nコンビニ特化：SMBC NL（対象のスマホ経路）。\n最初のプレミアム：年100万利用が見込めるならSMBC ゴールドNL。\n若年無料：JCB カード W（39歳までに申込）。\n交通：JR東日本・モバイルSuicaを頻用するなら適したビューカード。\n目的別の最も妥当な候補\n無料の汎用還元では、楽天カード・PayPayカード・au PAYカード・dカードがそれぞれ自社ポイントで約1%の通常率を提供するため、交換の経済圏で選びます。対象コンビニ特化の最良はSMBC（NL）で、対象のスマホ決済経路を正確に使います。最初のプレミアムのしきい値カードはSMBC ゴールド（NL）で、年間100万円の自然な対象利用が見込めるときに最適です。PayPayのプレミアムはPayPayカード ゴールドで、年間利用とSoftBank特典が年会費を正当化するときです。若年層向けの無料カードはJCB カード W（39歳までに申込）です。\n交通・キャッシュバック的・プレミアム\n交通では、JR東日本・モバイルSuicaを頻用する人に適したビューカードが勝ちます。全国順位より路線と地域鉄道が重要です。キャッシュバック的な単純さでは、ポイントが自動的または日常的に1円で使われる1%カードを選びます（技術的には銀行のキャッシュバックでなくポイントカードです）。航空では、実際の利用と交換計画に合うANAかJALのカードを選びます。年会費と特典の空席が支配的で、万人向けの勝者はいません。プレミアムでは、行動を変えずに継続特典が年会費を上回るカードが最良です。ラウンジ回数・保険・ホテル特典・家族カードを個別に評価し、しきい値到達のために支出を作らないこと。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/best-credit-cards-by-category","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent","faq:rewards-premium-card-worth"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:best-programs-by-category","guide:smbc-numberless-card","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card-terms","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"楽天カード公式","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"smbc-nl","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"三井住友カード（NL）","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/numberless.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"smbc-gold-nl","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"三井住友カード ゴールド（NL）","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/gold-numberless.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jcb-card-w","publisher":"JCB","title":"JCB カード W公式","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcbcardw.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"view-card","publisher":"JR East","title":"ビューカード公式","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-qr-payment-apps:ja","entityId":"guide:best-qr-payment-apps","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"おすすめQR決済アプリ比較","plainText":"PayPayは最も広い加盟店と通常ポイント無期限、楽天ペイは楽天ユーザー、d払いはドコモ／dポイント、au PAYはPonta／au、メルペイはメルカリ活用者に最適です。\nPayPay・楽天ペイ・d払い・au PAY・メルペイを加盟店・チャージ・還元で比較。\nPayPay：最も広い加盟店。通常ポイントは無期限。\n楽天ペイ：楽天ユーザーに最適。ポイントカード提示で最大2.5%。\nd払い：ドコモ／dポイントに最適。対象dカードチャージで約1%。\nau PAY：Ponta／auに最適。auじぶん銀行への出金は無料。\nメルペイ：メルカリを活発に使う人に最適。\nウォレットの比較\n主要5つのQRウォレットは、加盟店・チャージ手段・還元で異なります。PayPayは最も広い加盟店（約1,000万店）と無期限の通常ポイントを持ちますが、ステップの獲得は本人確認が必要でポイント払い分は対象外です。楽天ペイは楽天ユーザーに最適で、対象のポイントカード提示と対象の楽天キャッシュ払いで最大2.5%になり得ます。d払いはドコモ・dポイントユーザーに最適で、対象のdカードチャージで約1%ですが、他社カードのチャージは通常のd払いポイントを得ません。au PAYはPonta・auユーザーに最適で、auじぶん銀行への出金は無料です。メルペイは汎用ポイントアプリではなく、メルカリを活発に使う人に最適です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/best-qr-payment-apps","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-best-qr-app","faq:rewards-paypay-charge-points"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:paypay-app-guide","guide:rakuten-pay-guide","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayポイントのヘルプ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-pay","publisher":"Rakuten Payment","title":"楽天ペイ公式","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dbarai","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d払い公式","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aupay-app","publisher":"KDDI","title":"au PAY公式","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"merpay-guide","publisher":"Merpay","title":"メルペイ公式","url":"https://www.merpay.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:points-cashback-calculator:ja","entityId":"guide:points-cashback-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイント対キャッシュバック 計算と比較","plainText":"ポイントは「ポイント×交換確率×現実的価値」で評価します。10,000ポイントを80%の確率で0.80円で使うなら、10,000円でなく6,400円の価値です。\n現実的な交換確率を使い、ポイントとキャッシュバックのリターンを比較する方法。\n年間ポイント価値＝支出×ポイント率×ポイント価値。\n年間キャッシュバック価値＝支出×キャッシュバック率。\nポイントの価値＝ポイント×交換確率×現実的価値。\nポイントはボーナス／旅行で上回り得るが失効・価値低下を伴う。\nキャッシュバックは単純で確実。\n計算式と計算例\n比較するには、年間ポイント価値を「支出×ポイント率×ポイント価値」、年間キャッシュバック価値を「支出×キャッシュバック率」で計算します。月20万円・1%ならどちらも名目で年24,000円ですが、ポイント側は交換の現実で割り引く必要があります。ポイントの価値は「ポイント×交換確率×現実的価値」で評価します。10,000ポイントを80%の確率で1ポイント0.80円で使うなら、期待値は10,000円でなく6,400円です。ポイントは店舗ボーナスや価値の高い旅行交換で現金を上回り得ますが、失効・価値低下・用途制限を伴います。キャッシュバックは単純で確実です。多くの居住者は両方（キャッシュバック的なカード＋1つのポイント経済圏）を併用します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/points-cashback-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback","faq:rewards-point-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","guide:annual-fee-calculator"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"日本銀行","title":"決済システム","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:annual-fee-calculator:ja","entityId":"guide:annual-fee-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"年会費の損益分岐と意思決定ツール","plainText":"損益分岐支出＝（年会費−実際に使う固定特典）÷上乗せ率。ラウンジは、そうでなければ払う場合を除き小売価格で数えないこと。\n有料カードの損益分岐支出の計算と、その他の還元計算ツール。\n損益分岐支出＝（年会費−実際に使う固定特典）÷上乗せ率。\nカード還元計算はカテゴリ率を上限までしか適用しない。\n払う場合を除き、ラウンジをウォークイン価格で評価しない。\n想定失効損（例：獲得ポイントの2%）は純額に含める。\n特典は二次的なタイブレークで、商品選びの主因ではない。\n損益分岐と還元計算\n有料カードは、上乗せの還元と使う特典が年会費を上回るときだけ見合います。損益分岐支出＝（年会費−実際に使う固定特典）÷上乗せ率。空港ラウンジは、そうでなければ払う場合を除きウォークイン価格で数えず、しきい値到達のために支出を作らないこと。完全なカード還元計算は、年間の一般支出・カテゴリ支出・基本率・カテゴリ率と上限・年間しきい値ボーナス・年会費・交換価値・想定失効損・除外取引を入力し、総額と純額を出します。カテゴリ率はカテゴリ支出と上限の小さいほうにのみ適用します。純年間還元＝基本還元＋ボーナス−手数料−失効損−追加費用。\n他のツールと時間コスト\n関連ツールも同じ規律を使います。マイル価値計算は（比較可能な現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイルです。QR決済チャージ最適化はチャージ還元＋ウォレット還元＋店還元−手数料を合計し、公式条件が確認しない要素はゼロとします。ポイント失効トラッカーは90日・30日・7日前に通知します。何より、管理時間に個人の時給を当てましょう。純最適化便益＝追加還元−手数料−（時間×時間価値）。月2時間で年6,000円増でも、誤りや使いすぎのリスク前で時給約250円にすぎません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/annual-fee-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-break-even","faq:rewards-premium-card-worth"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:points-cashback-calculator","guide:mile-value-calculator","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"日本銀行","title":"決済システム","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mile-value-calculator:ja","entityId":"guide:mile-value-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マイル価値の計算","plainText":"マイル価値＝（比較可能な現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイル。実際に買う運賃を使い、特典券にも税・サーチャージが残ることを忘れないこと。\n税・放棄した利点を差し引いた、特典の実質1マイル価値の計算。\nマイル価値＝（現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイル。\n膨らませた変更可能運賃でなく、実際に買う運賃を使う。\n特典券にも税・空港料・燃油サーチャージが残る。\n5万マイル＋2万円の税が必要な10万円運賃＝1マイル1.60円。\n交換前に現金や明細クレジットでの交換と比較。\n実質マイル価値の計算\nマイルに固定の現金価値はありません。評価するには（比較可能な現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイルで計算します。5万マイルと2万円の特典税が必要な10万円の現金旅程なら、（100,000−20,000）÷50,000＝1マイル1.60円です。重要なのは、「比較可能な現金運賃」は数字を膨らませる高い変更可能運賃でなく実際に買う運賃であるべきで、特典券でも税・空港料・燃油サーチャージは消えないことです。入力には、ポジショニング移動・変更／取消リスク・移行ポイント・交換レート・失効しそうなマイルも含めます。使用1マイルあたりの価値、元のカードポイントあたりの価値、交換ボーナス後の価値、現金や明細クレジットでの交換との比較を示し、特典がそれらの代替を本当に上回るときだけ交換しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/mile-value-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-mile-value","faq:rewards-transfer-miles"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:redeem-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-mileage","publisher":"All Nippon Airways","title":"ANAマイレージクラブ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jal-mileage","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"JALマイレージバンク","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:reward-stacking-checker:ja","entityId":"guide:reward-stacking-checker","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"重ね取りチェッカーとキャンペーン確認表","plainText":"各層で、店の対象性・正確なチャージ元・正確な非接触経路・キャンペーンのエントリー・残り上限・クーポン規則・返品リスク・有効期限を確認し、同じ基本を含む2つの率が重なる重ね取りは弾きます。\n誤った重ね取りを弾き、キャンペーンの対象性を追う、層ごとの検証法。\n店：この決済方法で店はポイントを付けるか。\nチャージ元／経路：正確な手段と非接触経路は対象か。\nキャンペーン：期限前にエントリー済みか。上限は残っているか。\nクーポン／返品：対象額を減らすか、ボーナスを取り消すか。\n同じ基本を含む2つの率が重なる場合は弾く。\n層ごとのチェッカー\nすべての重ね取りで、数える前に各層を検証します。店の会員：この決済方法で店はポイントを付けるか。カードやウォレット：正確なチャージ元は対象か。カテゴリボーナス：正確な非接触経路（ネットワークのタッチ対iD対QUICPay）は対象か。キャンペーン：該当の期限前にエントリーを完了したか。上限：月間やキャンペーンの余力は残っているか。クーポン：他の割引を禁止するか、対象額を減らすか。返品：一部返品でボーナス全体が取り消されるか。有効期限：ボーナスは十分長く使えるか。同じ基本を含む2つの率が重なるときは弾く必要があります。例えば、既に基本を含む三井住友の7%経路に基本0.5%を上乗せする場合です。\nキャンペーン対象性の確認表\nキャンペーンでは、公式ページ・エントリー時刻・応募期間・利用期間・対象店・最低金額・取引回数・除外される決済手段・クーポン要件・上限・付与日・ポイント種別・有効期限を記録します。日本では、先にエントリーせず利用条件を満たしてもボーナスが出ないことがあり、キャンペーンは通常ポイントでなく期間・用途限定残高を出すことが多いです。抽選キャンペーンは最高賞でなく期待値（当選確率を使う）で評価します。スクリーンショットは個人の記録に有用ですが、現在の公式条件が支配し、事業者は不正を除外・返還させられます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/reward-stacking-checker","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-avoid-double-count","faq:rewards-campaign-entry","faq:rewards-campaign-not-track"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:ecommerce-stacking"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"対象のコンビニ・飲食店での還元","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"楽天SPU（スーパーポイントアップ）","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-step","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayステップ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-resident-rewards:ja","entityId":"guide:foreign-resident-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者の特典戦略","plainText":"まず無料のポイント口座と現金／前払いのウォレットを使い、住所・電話・銀行の履歴を作りつつ、次に無料カードを1枚ずつ（楽天やエポスが入手しやすいことが多い）申し込みます。\n新しく来た人が、ポイント口座・ウォレット・最初のカードをどう順序立てるか。\n会員登録は与信より容易。まず無料口座に入る。\nカードは通常、日本の在留・住所・電話・銀行口座が必要。\n入手しやすい最初のカード：楽天カード、エポスカード。\nPayPay・dポイント・ローソンPontaは新規者に親しみやすい。\nカードは1枚ずつ申込。多くの商品を一度に作らない。\n口座と最初のカードの順序\n外国人居住者には2つのハードルがあります。日本のID・住所・電話・多くの場合は銀行口座が必要なことと、国内の信用履歴がゼロから始まることです。うまくいく順序は、まず無料の店のポイントプログラムに入り（会員登録は与信より容易）、国内の金融履歴を作りながらデビット・前払い・現金チャージのウォレットを使うことです。PayPayはアプリ登録でき広く使え、dポイントは非ドコモ口座を認め、ローソンPontaはドコモ契約なしで入りやすく、WAONはイオンで使いやすいです。まだ扱えないなら、重い日本語を要するプログラムは避けましょう。\n最初のカードに申し込む\n申し込むときは、選んで1枚ずつにしましょう。日本のカード審査は通常、在留・国内住所・連絡可能な電話・銀行口座・審査を要し、ネットワークが一部英語を提供しても申込やサポートは日本語中心のことが多いです。入手しやすい最初のカードは、楽天カード（一部英語情報）とエポスカード（取得しやすく、履歴作りに向くとされる）です。一貫性が重要で、在留カード・銀行・申込で名前の綴り・順序・カタカナを同一に保ちましょう。不一致は本人確認の失敗をよく招きます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/foreign-resident-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-foreign-join","faq:rewards-foreign-first-card","faq:rewards-foreign-card-tourist"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:epos-card","guide:best-programs-by-category","guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card-terms","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"楽天カード公式","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"epos-card-terms","publisher":"Marui / Epos","title":"エポスカード公式","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayポイントのヘルプ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:train-commuter-rewards:ja","entityId":"guide:train-commuter-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"電車通勤者の特典戦略","plainText":"モバイルSuicaをJRE POINTに登録し、ビューカードでチャージして対象のJR東日本乗車で名目3.5%を重ね、駅ナカの店でJRE POINTカードを提示します。全国順位より路線と鉄道が重要です。\n毎日乗る人がモバイルSuica・ビューカード・駅ビルポイントをどう組み合わせるか。\nモバイルSuicaをJRE POINTに登録。未登録の乗車は貯まらない。\nビューチャージ（1.5%）＋対象乗車ポイント（2%）で約3.5%。\n駅ナカの店でJRE POINTカードを提示し店ポイント。\nすべてのSuica取引が対象のJR東日本乗車ではない。\n全国順位より路線と地域鉄道が重要。\n通勤の重ね取り\nJR東日本の通勤者の基本構成は、モバイルSuicaをJRE POINTアカウントに登録し、ビューカードでチャージすることです。対象のモバイルSuicaのJR東日本乗車は2%のJRE POINT（50円につき1ポイント）、ビューチャージは1.5%で、同じ対象の移動資金サイクルで名目3.5%を重ねます。未登録の乗車や現金は乗車ポイントを得ないため、移動前にSuicaを登録しましょう。すべてのSuica取引が対象のJR東日本乗車ではない点に注意してください。対象外の鉄道事業者・未登録Suica・一部の定期券は別の率です。\n駅の買い物と他の地域\n駅ナカの店（売店・駅ビル・商業施設）でJRE POINTカードやアプリを提示し、決済特典に店ポイントを加えましょう。JRE Cardや対象のビュー商品は指定の駅ビル店でより多く貯まりますが、店の指定や2026年9月1日の変更を確認する必要があります。他の地域も論理は同じですがプログラムが異なります。JR西日本はWESTER・ICOCA・J-WESTの関係、JR九州はJRキューポ、私鉄はPASMO／manaca／PiTaPaと独自カードです。全国順位より路線と地域鉄道が重要なため、実際の通勤で評価しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/train-commuter-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-suica-register","faq:rewards-view-card-worth","faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:jre-point-guide","guide:view-card-standard","guide:mobile-suica-guide"]},"sources":[{"id":"jre-point","publisher":"JR East","title":"JRE POINT公式","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jre-suica","publisher":"JR East","title":"モバイルSuica・JRE POINT乗車ポイント","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"view-card","publisher":"JR East","title":"ビューカード公式","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"wester-points","publisher":"JR West","title":"WESTERポイント","url":"https://www.jr-odekake.net/wester/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:convenience-shopper-rewards:ja","entityId":"guide:convenience-shopper-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"コンビニ利用者の戦略","plainText":"該当のポイントカード（nanaco、dポイント／Ponta）を持ち、対象ならQRやSMBC NLのスマホタッチで払い、支払い前に必ず店の会員を提示します。PayPay経済圏は幅広くコンビニに合います。\nコンビニ常連が店カード・QRウォレット・SMBCの7%経路をどう組み合わせるか。\nセブン：nanaco。ローソン：dポイント／Ponta。ファミマ：Vポイント／FamiPay。ミニストップ：WAON。\n店の会員を提示し、クーポンを適用し、対象の最良の方法で払う。\n対象チェーンでSMBC NLのスマホタッチは最大7%（方法限定）。\nPayPayは広く使え、コンビニ支出に合う。\nカード還元は通常クーポン値引き後の金額で計算。\nコンビニの手順\n主要な店は異なるプログラムを軸にします。セブン-イレブン（nanaco）、ローソン（dポイントかPonta）、ファミリーマート（VポイントかFamiPay）、ミニストップ（WAON）です。効率的な手順は、該当のポイントカードやアプリを提示し、店アプリのクーポンを適用し、対象の最良の方法（還元のあるカードやQRウォレット）で払うことです。対象チェーンで三井住友の対象店スマホのタッチを使う場合、還元は最大7%になり得ますが、対象のスマホのタッチという正確な経路に限られ（物理カードのタッチやiDは対象外）、7%には基本が含まれるため別に0.5%を足してはいけません。カード還元は通常クーポン値引き後の金額で計算されます。\nコンビニに最適な経済圏\n主に単純さを求める人には、PayPay経済圏がコンビニ支出に合います。広く使え、通常ポイントが無期限だからです。PayPayカードと組み合わせるとカードの層を加えられます。特定のチェーンで最も買うなら、店独自のプログラム（セブンのnanaco、ローソンのdポイント／Ponta）＋合う決済方法のほうがすっきりします。変わらない大原則は、コンビニの買い物は少額かつ頻繁なので控えめな還元で十分だが、キャンペーンに押されて本来買わない物を買わないことです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/convenience-shopper-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-seven-eleven-best","faq:rewards-lawson-best","faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:convenience-store-points","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:smbc-numberless-card"]},"sources":[{"id":"nanaco-points","publisher":"Seven Card Service","title":"nanacoポイント公式","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-official","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"dポイントクラブ公式","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ponta-official","publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","title":"Ponta・リクルートポイント","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"smbc-conveni","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"対象のコンビニ・飲食店での還元","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayポイントのヘルプ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:family-rewards:ja","entityId":"guide:family-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"家族・世帯の特典戦略","plainText":"1つの食料品経済圏（多くはイオンのWAON）＋1枚の世帯費用カードに集中し、有用なら家族／追加カードを使い、失効カレンダーを共有します。\n世帯が食料品・光熱費の支出を集中させ、失効カレンダーを共有する方法。\n食料品支出を1つの経済圏に集中（イオンのWAONがよく合う）。\n光熱費・継続請求に1枚の世帯費用カードを使う。\n家族／追加カードはしきい値に向け支出を合算できる（条件を確認）。\n期間限定ポイントを失わないよう失効カレンダーを共有。\n食料品と光熱費の集中が世帯還元の大半を生む。\n集中と共有\n世帯の還元の大半は、いくつかの大きく反復するカテゴリ（食料品と光熱費）から生まれるため、勝ち筋は食料品支出を1つの経済圏に集中し（店の会員日を考えるとイオングループのWAON POINTがよく合います）、光熱費や継続請求を1枚の世帯費用カードに通すことです。家族カードや追加カードは年間しきい値に向け支出を合算できますが、家族カードの利用が算入されるかは各商品の条件次第のため、合算を前提にせず確認しましょう。失効カレンダーを1つ共有し、月1回見直します。家族に散らばった期間限定ポイントは最も失いやすい価値だからです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/family-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-family-pooling","faq:rewards-supermarket-best"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:supermarket-points","guide:waon-point-guide","guide:best-programs-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"waon-point","publisher":"AEON","title":"WAON POINT公式","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aeon-card","publisher":"AEON Financial Service","title":"イオンカード公式","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/ct/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:domestic-traveler-rewards:ja","entityId":"guide:domestic-traveler-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"国内旅行者の特典戦略","plainText":"地域の鉄道経済圏＋柔軟なホテル割引を使い、マイルは実際に飛ぶ路線だけ貯めます。マイルは失効し、特典の空席が価値を制約します。\n国内をよく旅する人が鉄道経済圏・ホテル割引・選択的なマイルをどう組み合わせるか。\n地域に合う鉄道経済圏（JRE POINT・WESTERなど）を使う。\n頻繁な宿泊には柔軟なホテル割引や単純な宿泊数プログラムを優先。\n実際に飛ぶ路線だけマイルを貯める。\nホテルポイントとマイルは実際に払う現金価格で評価。\n国内旅行カードは約1%＋マイルを加える。年会費は実利用で評価。\n鉄道・ホテル・選択的なマイル\n国内をよく旅する人の基盤は、地域の鉄道経済圏です。東はJRE POINTとモバイルSuica、関西はWESTERとICOCA、九州はJRキューポで、通勤や旅行の還元が年会費を上回るところに適したビューやJ-WEST商品を重ねます。宿泊では、柔軟なホテル割引と単純な国内の宿泊数プログラム（One Harmony・プリンス・APA・東横イン）が、頻繁な低価格宿泊では交換可能ポイントを上回ることが多いです。マイルは実際に飛ぶ路線だけ貯めましょう。マイルは失効し（約36か月）、特典の空席が価値を制約するためです。国内旅行カードは約1%＋マイルを加えますが、表面的な特典でなく実利用で年会費を評価しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/domestic-traveler-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-one-harmony","faq:rewards-mile-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:hotel-travel-rewards","guide:train-commuter-rewards","guide:ana-vs-jal"]},"sources":[{"id":"jre-point","publisher":"JR East","title":"JRE POINT公式","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"wester-points","publisher":"JR West","title":"WESTERポイント","url":"https://www.jr-odekake.net/wester/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"one-harmony","publisher":"Okura Nikko Hotels","title":"ワンハーモニー（オークラ ニッコー）","url":"https://www.oneharmony.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rewards-glossary-sources-archive:ja","entityId":"guide:rewards-glossary-sources-archive","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"特典の用語集・出典・旧戦略アーカイブ","plainText":"このハブは主要用語を定義し、すべての主張が検証日付きの公式一次出典を引く理由を説明し、2025〜2026年に失効した戦略（ふるさと納税ポイント、本人確認なしのPayPayステップなど）を挙げます。\n主要用語・公式出典の考え方・使うのをやめるべき旧戦略。\n基本率と実質率、通常／期間限定／用途限定ポイント。\n重ね取りと二重計上、キャンペーンのエントリーと自動登録。\nすべての事実の主張は検証日付きの公式出典を引く。\nふるさと納税のポータルポイントは2025年10月1日に廃止。\nPayPayステップは2026年6月2日以降、本人確認必須でポイント払い分は対象外。\n主要用語と出典の考え方\nこのクラスター全体でいくつかの用語が繰り返し出ます。基本率はキャンペーン前の通常の還元、実質率は上限・手数料・除外・端数・現実的な交換の後に実際に受け取る分です。通常ポイントは標準ルール、期間限定ポイントは固定期限、用途限定ポイントは指定用途に限られます。重ね取りは1回の買い物で複数の正当な特典を受けること、二重計上は同じ基本を含む率を誤って足すことです。これは生活に直結するお金の内容のため、すべての事実の率・手数料・有効期限・対象性の主張は、検証日付きの公式一次出典（発行会社・プログラム・航空会社・国税庁）を引きます。検索の抜粋は証拠にならず、不確かな値は推測せず不明として示します。\n旧・危険な戦略\nかつて一般的だったいくつかの戦略は、今や失効または危険です。ふるさと納税のポータルポイント・SPU・お買い物マラソンのボーナスは2025年10月1日に廃止されましたが、通常のカード決済ポイントは残り得ます。PayPayステップは本人確認なしでは機能せず（2026年6月2日）、PayPayポイントで払った分はステップ対象外です。PayPayゴールドの旧・追加基本率ボーナスは2026年6月2日に、1%の基本率と年間利用特典に置き換わりました。楽天ペイの2026年3月1日の変更は延期され実施されていません。2026年9月1日以降、dカードでチャージしたd払いのボーナスは用途限定ポイントになり、JRE Cardの駅特典も変わります。物理カードのタッチ・スマホのタッチ・iDは、三井住友の対象店7%経路では同一ではありません。航空の特典チャートは2026年にANA・JALとも変わりました。古いブログのカード→電子マネーの「ループ」を繰り返さないこと。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/rewards-glossary-sources-archive","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-furusato-points","faq:rewards-paypay-points-step","faq:rewards-sources"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-furusato","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"楽天ふるさと納税","url":"https://event.rakuten.co.jp/furusato/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-step","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayステップ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dbarai","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d払い公式","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nta-points-tax","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"国税庁 ポイントの所得税の取扱い","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/law/shitsugi/shotoku/02/37.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:points-deals-and-campaigns:ja","entityId":"guide:points-deals-and-campaigns","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のポイントキャンペーン：本当にお得なものを見抜く","plainText":"多くの日本のキャンペーンは上限・短い期限つきの期間限定ポイントで還元します。実際に使える価値が、手間や誘発される追加支出を上回るときだけお得です。\n日本のポイントキャンペーンの仕組み、そのお得さの判断方法、そして労力に見合わないキャンペーンの避け方。\nキャンペーン還元は通常、上限つき・短い期限の期間限定ポイント。\n「＋10%」は対象分・上限までの10%にすぎない。上限を必ず読む。\nエントリーが必要なことが多い（支払い前に「エントリー」を押す）。押さないと対象外。\n期間限定ポイントは、期限内に現実に使える額で価値評価する。\n経済圏の大型セール（楽天SPU・PayPayステップ）は集中を評価し、あちこち追うことは評価しない。\n日本のポイントキャンペーンの実際の仕組み\n日本の大型キャンペーンのほとんどは、通常ポイントではなく期間限定ポイントで還元します。期間限定ポイントは数週間〜数か月で失効し、限られたサービスでしか使えないこともあるため、見出しの数字が現金価値と一致することはまれです。楽天のSPU（スーパーポイントアップ）とPayPayステップが最も分かりやすい例で、どちらも経済圏を使うほど実質還元率が上がり、月ごと・カテゴリごとに上限があります。\n多くのキャンペーンは支払い前の「エントリー」も必要です。他の条件を満たしていても、エントリーを忘れると加算されません。お得かどうかを決める前に、対象の支出・ボーナスポイントの月間上限・受け取るポイントの有効期限の3つを必ず読みましょう。\nお得かどうかを判断する簡単な方法\n広告上の最大値ではなく、現実に使える価値を計算します。ボーナス率に「どのみち使う額」を掛け、記載の上限で頭打ちにし、期限までに使い切れない分を割り引きます。その数字が、キャンペーンを追う手間を上回り、かつ不要な買い物を誘発しないなら実行、そうでなければ見送りです。\n無視してよいキャンペーン\n不要な商品を作らせるもの、使わないサービスでしか交換できないポイントで還元するもの、条件が何層にも重なって管理が第二の仕事になるものは見送りましょう。最も多い罠は、カードやウォレットの大きな入会ボーナスを取ったあと使わずに放置することです。一度きりのボーナスは継続的なリターンではなく、使わない商品も手数料・セキュリティ・管理の負担を残します。\n規律ある方法は、1つの経済圏に集中して普段の支出にキャンペーンポイントを落とし、通常の買い物と重なる少数のキャンペーンだけにエントリーし、残りは見送ることです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/points-deals-and-campaigns","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-limited-time","faq:rewards-stacking"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:maximize-points-japan","guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"楽天SPU（スーパーポイントアップ）","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-step","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayステップ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:redeem-points-for-travel:ja","entityId":"guide:redeem-points-for-travel","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイントを旅行に使う","plainText":"日常ポイントは旅行予約で約1円ですが、マイルに換えると長距離・上位席で1ポイント1円超になり得ます。ただし実際にその路線に乗る場合だけです。\nポイントを旅行（航空券・鉄道・旅行予約）に換えるのが1円で使うより得になる場面と、交換ロスの避け方。\nポイントで直接旅行予約は通常1ポイント約1円。単純で予測しやすい。\nANA・JALマイルへの交換は1円超になり得るが、適切な交換のときだけ。\nPontaはJALへ、複数の経済圏はANAへ交換できる。まず現在の比率を確認。\n繁忙期の特典枠は少なく、価値を引き出す鍵は日程の柔軟性。\n短い国内移動なら、1円で使う方がマイル交換の手間より得なことが多い。\nポイントが旅行になる2つの道\n道は2つあります。1つ目は、経済圏の旅行サービス（楽天トラベル、dポイント連携予約、旅行代理店でのウォレット決済）でポイントを直接使う方法で、ポイントは1ポイント約1円の現金のように振る舞います。予測しやすく計画不要です。2つ目は、ポイントを航空会社のマイル（ANAマイレージクラブ／JALマイレージバンク）に交換して特典航空券に使う方法で、1ポイントあたりの価値は大きく変動します。\nマイルは旅行が多い生活パターンを評価します。短い国内路線ではマイルの実質価値は1円前後かそれ以下のことが多く、直接使う方が得です。長距離や上位席の特典では1マイルが1円を大きく超えることもありますが、実際に乗りたい日程・路線に空席がある場合だけです。\n交換価値を正しく取る\n交換前に、現在の交換比率と最低交換数を確認しましょう。比率は各プログラムが定めるもので固定ではありません。PontaはJALマイルへ、複数の経済圏はANAへの経路があります。正確な比率が、交換に値するかを決めます。原則として、具体的な使い道が決まったポイントだけを交換します。マイルも他のポイント同様に失効・価値低下し、使わないマイルは直接取れた1円より価値が低いからです。\n繁忙期はカレンダーが開いた最速で特典枠を予約し、閑散期は日程を柔軟にし、マイル価格を現金運賃と比べて、1ポイントあたり本当に1円超の価値になっているか確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/redeem-points-for-travel","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-mile-value","faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-vs-jal","guide:hotel-travel-rewards","guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:redeem-points-for-hotels"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-mileage","publisher":"All Nippon Airways","title":"ANAマイレージクラブ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jal-mileage","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"JALマイレージバンク","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ponta-jal","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"PontaポイントとJALマイルの交換","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:redeem-points-for-cash:ja","entityId":"guide:redeem-points-for-cash","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイントを現金・支払いに使う","plainText":"多くの日本のポイントは現金として引き出せませんが、レジや料金支払いに使えば実質1ポイント1円の現金同等で、最も安全な使い道であることが多いです。\nポイントを現金同等にする方法。レジでの支払い、料金への充当、そして日本で本当の現金化がまれな理由。\nポイントの銀行引き出しはまれ。「現金価値」は約1円で使うこと。\n楽天ペイ・PayPay・d払い・au PAYは店頭でポイントをお金として使える。\nポイントは同じ経済圏内で携帯・光熱費・カード料金に充当できることが多い。\nレジ払いは、失効リスクなく1円の価値を確定する最も簡単な方法。\n期間限定ポイントは、失効前にまずここで使い切るのが最適。\n現金化はまれ。目標は「現金同等」\n一部の海外キャッシュバックカードと違い、日本の主要ポイントは通常、銀行口座への引き出しができません。代わりにあるのが現金同等の支払いです。レジでアプリにポイント利用を指示すると、1ポイントあたり約1円が請求から引かれます。楽天ペイ・PayPay・d払い・au PAYはいずれも加盟店でのポイント払いに対応し、コンビニはほぼどんな残高でも最も確実に使える場所です。\nレジ払いは交換の手間なく1円を実現し、使ってしまえば失効リスクもないため、多くの人にとって最も安全な使い道であり、残高の使い道に迷ったときの正しい既定選択です。\nポイントを料金に充当する\n経済圏の中では、ポイントは継続コストを賄えることが多いです。ドコモ利用者はdポイントを携帯料金に、楽天利用者はカードやサービス料金に充て、ウォレット残高はコード決済で多くの公共料金・税の払込票を精算できます。これは期間限定ポイントの有力な使い道で、先に失効するため通常ポイントより前に使うべきです。\n唯一の注意は、ポイントで料金を払ってもその分に新たなポイントは付かないため、複利的な利点はないことです。純粋な1円の値引きです。それで構いません。実現しないかもしれない高い価値より、確実な1円が勝ります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/redeem-points-for-cash","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback","faq:points-value","faq:rewards-paypay-points-step"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","guide:redeem-points-for-investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-pay","publisher":"Rakuten Payment","title":"楽天ペイ公式","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayポイントのヘルプ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-expiry","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"dポイントの獲得・利用・有効期限","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:redeem-points-for-hotels:ja","entityId":"guide:redeem-points-for-hotels","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイントをホテル・宿泊に使う","plainText":"経済圏ポイントは旅行ポータルで約1円で宿泊予約でき、Marriott BonvoyやOne Harmonyなどのホテルロイヤルティは上位宿泊で1円超になり得ますが、そのチェーンの常連の場合だけです。\n経済圏ポイントでの宿泊予約とホテルロイヤルティの比較、そしてそれぞれが得になる場面。\n楽天トラベル・dポイント・ウォレット払いは約1ポイント1円で宿泊予約。\nホテルプログラム（Marriott Bonvoy、オークラ ニッコーのOne Harmony）は1チェーンへの忠誠を評価。\n特典宿泊の価値は季節・カテゴリで変動。繁忙期の宿泊が最も価値を引き出す。\nたまの旅行者には、1円の経済圏交換の方が単純で、たいてい同等以上。\n旅行ポータルのセール＋ポイント＋還元カードの重ね取りで割引が増える。\n経済圏ポイント対ホテルロイヤルティ\n多くの居住者にとって「ポイントでホテルに泊まる」現実的な方法は、旅行ポータルで経済圏ポイントを使うことです。楽天トラベルが最も分かりやすく、dポイントやウォレット残高も多くの施設で使え、1ポイントは約1円です。ステータスもチェーンへの忠誠も不要で、一度きりの旅行でも使えます。ホテルロイヤルティは別のゲームで、Marriott BonvoyやオークラニッコーのOne Harmonyは、1つのチェーンに宿泊を集中する客に特典宿泊やステータス特典で報います。\n正直に比べると、ロイヤルティは上位カテゴリや繁忙期の特典宿泊で1円を超え得ますが、そのチェーンに十分泊まって交換に届く人にしか得になりません。独立系とチェーンを混ぜて泊まるなら、1円の経済圏ルートの方が単純で、たいてい同等以上です。\n宿泊の重ね取りとタイミング\nホテルの価値は割引を重ねると増えます。旅行ポータルのセール中に予約し、残額にポイントを充て、残りを経済圏で貯まるカードで払えば、1回の宿泊でセール価格＋ポイント値引き＋新規カードポイントが生まれます。旅行は計画的な大きな支出で、期限前に大きな残高を吸収できるため、期間限定ポイントに最適です。\n特典宿泊は航空券と同じくタイミングが重要です。繁忙期はロイヤルティから最も価値が出て、閑散期はたいてい経済圏ポイントを1円で使う方が得です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/redeem-points-for-hotels","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-mile-value","faq:points-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:hotel-travel-rewards","guide:redeem-points-for-travel","guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:airline-hotel-status-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"marriott-bonvoy","publisher":"Marriott International","title":"Marriott Bonvoy","url":"https://www.marriott.com/loyalty.mi","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"one-harmony","publisher":"Okura Nikko Hotels","title":"ワンハーモニー（オークラ ニッコー）","url":"https://www.oneharmony.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-furusato","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"楽天ふるさと納税","url":"https://event.rakuten.co.jp/furusato/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:redeem-points-for-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:redeem-points-for-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイント投資：ポイントを資産に変える","plainText":"楽天・PayPayなどはポイントで運用・投信購入ができ、クレカ積立は毎月の投資でポイントが貯まります。有用ですが、ポイントより投資先ファンドの選択の方がはるかに重要です。\n日本ならではのポイント投資の仕組み（ポイント運用・クレカ積立）と、それが役立つ場面・気を散らす場面。\nポイント運用機能は、遊休ポイントを相場連動させたり投信を買えたりする。\nクレカ積立（楽天証券、SBI/Olive）は毎月の買付でポイントが貯まる。\n積立の還元率はカードのランクと対象ファンド次第。\n投資したポイントも自分のお金。まずファンド・手数料・リスクを判断する。\n積立の還元率のためだけに高いカードへ上げない。必ず計算を。\n日本ならではの2つの機能\n日本には、国際的には珍しいポイント投資の考え方が2つあります。1つ目はウォレットや証券アプリ内の「ポイント運用」で、ポイントを相場指数に連動させたり投信を買ったりでき、遊休ポイントを手軽に働かせられます。2つ目はより重要なクレカ積立で、楽天証券やSBI/Oliveなどは毎月の投信買付をクレジットカードで行い、その支出にポイントが付きます。\nクレカ積立は、どのみち投資するお金にポイントが付くため本当に魅力的ですが、還元率はカードのランクと対象ファンドで変わり、各社は率を随時見直します。見出しの数字を前提にせず、自分のカードとファンドの現在の率を確認しましょう。\n優先順位を崩さない\n投資したポイントも、現実のリスクにさらされた現実のお金です。判断の順序はどの投資とも同じで、まず目的に合った低コストで分散されたファンドを選び、ポイントは小さな追い風として扱い、投資の理由にはしません。NISA口座内なら値上がりは非課税で、これはわずかなポイント率よりも長期的にずっと重要です。\nよくある間違いは、積立の還元率のためだけに年会費の高いカードへ上げることです。計算しましょう。通常の毎月の積立額では、増える年会費が増えるポイントを上回ることが多いです。ポイントは良い投資行動へのおまけであり、その代わりには決してなりません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/redeem-points-for-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-value","faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:redeem-points-for-cash","guide:bank-brokerage-rewards","guide:maximize-points-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-sec","publisher":"楽天証券株式会社","title":"楽天証券","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sbi-vpoint-invest","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"Olive・クレカ積立","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/creditmode/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-card-terms","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"楽天カード公式","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:credit-card-perks-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:credit-card-perks-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のクレジットカード会員特典・付帯サービス","plainText":"ゴールド・プラチナは空港ラウンジ（Priority Pass経由が多い）・付帯保険・コンシェルジュなどを追加します。特典を年会費分使う場合だけ得で、一部のゴールドは利用で年会費が無料化されます。\nカードの会員ランクが実際に何をくれるか（ラウンジ・付帯保険・コンシェルジュ）と、年会費のあるカードが得になる場面。\n特典はランクで増える。ラウンジ・付帯保険・コンシェルジュ・利用ボーナス。\n空港ラウンジは上位ランクでPriority Pass経由のことが多い。\n一部のゴールドは年間利用額の条件達成で年会費が無料化。\n付帯保険の条件は様々。「自動付帯」と「利用付帯」は別物。\n使わない特典は利点ではない。実際に必要な特典でカードを評価する。\n各ランクが実際にくれるもの\n還元率以外に、カードは年会費に応じて増える会員特典を売っています。一般カードは還元中心、ゴールドは通常、国内空港ラウンジ・高い保険限度額・利用ボーナスを追加し、プラチナはコンシェルジュ・海外ラウンジのPriority Pass・グルメ特典・家族カード無料などを加えます。MoneyInJapanのカード調査はこれをランク別に整理しており、宣伝ではなく実際に解放される特典に年会費を対応させられます。\n日本特有の2点を知っておく価値があります。1つ目は、複数のゴールドが年間利用額の条件達成で年会費が永年無料になることです。三井住友のゴールドNLは100万円で無料化し年間ボーナスが付き、エポスゴールドはより低い条件で無料化します。安定して使う人には、年会費ありのカードが実質無料になります。2つ目は、上位カードのラウンジがPriority Pass経由のことが多く、同伴者や利用回数の条件がカードで異なることです。\n年会費を払う価値があるとき\n年会費ありのカードは、本当に使う特典で評価します。年に2〜3回海外に行くなら、Priority Passのラウンジと付帯保険で簡単にプラチナの年会費を超え得ます。めったに飛ばないなら、その年会費は無駄です。保険条件はよく読みましょう。「自動付帯」はカードを持つだけで適用され、「利用付帯」はその旅行をそのカードで払った場合のみ適用で、限度額や条件は発行会社で異なります。\n規律あるテスト：実際に使う特典を挙げ、控えめに価値づけし、達成できる利用額による年会費無料化を差し引き、残りを実質年会費と比べます。必要な特典が年会費を超えないなら、年会費無料カード＋別途購入の保険の方がたいてい安上がりです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/credit-card-perks-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent"],"products":["product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:best-credit-cards-by-category","guide:airline-hotel-status-japan","guide:saison-gold-amex","guide:maximize-points-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-gold-nl","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"三井住友カード ゴールド（NL）","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/gold-numberless.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"epos-card-terms","publisher":"Marui / Epos","title":"エポスカード公式","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"saison-gold-amex","publisher":"Credit Saison","title":"セゾンカード公式","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:airline-hotel-status-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:airline-hotel-status-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"航空・ホテルのステータス：狙う価値はある？","plainText":"ステータスは主に搭乗・宿泊で獲得し、ポイントでは得られず、頻繁に旅行する人にしか報われません。多くの居住者には、ステータス狙いよりポイント・マイルを上手に使う方がはるかに重要です。\nANA・JAL・ホテルプログラムでのステータスの仕組み、得られるもの、そして努力が報われる場面。\nステータスは搭乗・宿泊の実績から得られ、ポイント消費では得られない。\nANA・JALのランクは、有料旅行で優先・ラウンジ・ボーナスマイルを付与。\nホテルステータス（例：Marriott Bonvoy）はアップグレード・レイトチェックアウト・ボーナス。\n使わないステータス狙い（修行）は、たいてい見返りより高くつく。\n多くの居住者には良い交換がステータスに勝る。よく飛ぶなら再検討。\nステータスの獲得方法と得られるもの\nANAマイレージクラブやJALマイレージバンクのステータスは、1年間で測る旅行実績で獲得します。対象の有料運賃で多く飛ぶほどランクが上がります。ステータスはポイントで買うものではなく、ポイントやマイルは報酬の通貨、ステータスは搭乗量の評価です。見返りに、上位ランクは優先チェックイン・優先搭乗・ラウンジ・有料便のボーナスマイルを与えます。Marriott Bonvoyなどのホテルプログラムも宿泊数で同様に働き、アップグレード・レイトチェックアウト・獲得ボーナスを与えます。\n一部の上位カードは、入門レベルのホテルステータスやラウンジ利用を特典として近道で与えます。これは会員特典ガイドで扱いますが、航空会社の上級会員は通常、カード保有ではなく搭乗で獲得します。\nステータスを狙う価値があるとき\nステータスは、普段の旅行で自然に得られるときに報われます。仕事や家族で頻繁に飛ぶなら、優先・ラウンジ・ボーナスマイルは、どのみち行く旅行に対する実際の価値です。罠は「修行」で、ランク到達のためだけに不要な旅行を買うことです。これはほぼ常に特典の見返りより高くつき、ポイント戦略を壊すのと同じ使いすぎの間違いです。\nたまに旅行する多数派の居住者には、交換の技術に集中する方が得です。日常ポイントはきれいに1円で使い、1ポイント1円を超える特定の特典航空券のときだけマイルに交換します。ステータスは、既存の旅行が正直な計算で条件を超えるときだけ狙いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/airline-hotel-status-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","faq:rewards-mile-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-vs-jal","guide:hotel-travel-rewards","guide:credit-card-perks-japan","guide:redeem-points-for-travel"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-mileage","publisher":"All Nippon Airways","title":"ANAマイレージクラブ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jal-mileage","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"JALマイレージバンク","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"marriott-bonvoy","publisher":"Marriott International","title":"Marriott Bonvoy","url":"https://www.marriott.com/loyalty.mi","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:maximize-points-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:maximize-points-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本でポイントを最大化する方法","plainText":"銀行・カード・携帯に合う経済圏に集中し、還元カード＋コード決済＋店舗ポイントを正当に重ね取りし、価値の実る使い道で使う。効果は一貫性から生まれ、キャンペーン追いからではない。\n実践的な手引き：経済圏を1つに集中し、カード＋コード＋店舗ポイントを正当に重ね取りし、実質価値で使う。使いすぎずに。\n集めるより集中：弱い経済圏を複数より、強い1つ。\n正当な重ね取り＝還元カードで、コードアプリ経由で、店舗ポイントを提示して払う。\n基盤を自動化：毎回の支払いで既定のカード・ウォレット・ポイントアプリ。\n期間限定ポイントを先に使う。通常ポイントより先に失効する。\n還元計算ツールで、見出しではなく実質還元率でカードを比較する。\nステップ1：経済圏を1つに集中する\n最大のレバーは集中です。すでに使っている銀行・持っているカード・携帯プランに合う経済圏（楽天・PayPay・dポイント・Vポイント）を1つ選び、通常の支出をできるだけそこに通します。集中は残高を失効ラインより上に保ち、楽天SPUやPayPayステップのような段階プログラムでランクを上げ、貯めたポイントを実際に買い物する場所で使えるようにします。複数の経済圏に薄く広げると逆で、小さな残高が失効し、有用な交換に届きません。\nこの選択は経済圏選びのガイドで詳しく扱います。最大化の手引きは、それを済ませた前提です。\nステップ2：正当に重ね取りし、自動化する\n正当な重ね取りは抜け道ではなく、各層を1回ずつ使うことです。経済圏で貯まるカードで払い、コード決済アプリ（楽天ペイ・PayPay・d払い・au PAY）を経由し、レジで対応する店舗ポイントを提示します。正しく行えば、操作なしに1回の買い物で2〜3重の還元が付きます。鍵は基盤の自動化で、毎回の取引で起きるようにすることです。既定のカード1枚・ウォレット1つ・ポイントアプリ1つを設定すれば、最大化に日々の判断は不要になります。\n還元計算ツールで、広告の見出しではなく上限・手数料後の実質還元率でカードを比較し、あなたの支出水準で年会費ありのカードが無料カードを本当に上回るか確認しましょう。\nステップ3：価値の実る使い道で使う\n貯めるのは仕事の半分にすぎず、価値は交換で実現します。期間限定ポイントは最も早く失効するので先に使い、できればレジできれいに1円で使います。マイル交換は1ポイント1円を明らかに超える特定の特典航空券に限り、経済圏ポイントは1円でホテル・現金同等のレジ払い・自分に合えばポイント投資に使います。すべてのステップを貫くのは規律です。この戦略はどのみち行う支出に乗るから機能し、特典を追って余計に使った瞬間に破綻します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/maximize-points-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-stacking","faq:rewards-beginner-program","faq:points-which-ecosystem"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:points-deals-and-campaigns","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"楽天SPU（スーパーポイントアップ）","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-step","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayステップ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-expiry","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"dポイントの獲得・利用・有効期限","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:points-glossary:ja","entityId":"guide:points-glossary","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイント・特典用語集：重要な日本語の用語","plainText":"この用語集は日本の特典で繰り返し出る用語（通常・期間限定ポイント、基本・実質還元率、経済圏、重ね取り、積立、マイル交換）を定義し、ハブの他ページを読みやすくします。\n日本のポイントプログラムで出会う用語を平易に定義。期間限定ポイントからSPU、積立、タッチ決済まで。\n通常ポイントは長持ち、期間限定ポイントは早く失効。先に使う。\n基本還元率は広告値、実質還元率は上限・手数料後に残る分。\n「経済圏」は銀行・カード・ウォレット・携帯を1つのポイント通貨で結ぶ。\n重ね取りはカード・コード決済・店舗ポイントを1回の買い物に正当に重ねること。\n積立はクレカで行う毎月の投資で、ポイントも付き得る。\nポイントの種類と価値\n通常ポイントは標準の残高で、通常1〜2年有効、経済圏内で1ポイント約1円で使えます。期間限定ポイントは数週間〜数か月で失効し、限られたサービスでしか使えないこともあるキャンペーンポイントで、必ず先に使います。基本還元率は広告上の付与（カードで1%が多い）、実質還元率は上限・端数・除外・手数料・現実的な交換の後に実際に残る分です。価値低下は、プログラムが時間とともに交換価値を下げたり必要ポイントを上げたりすることで、だからポイントの貯め込みは危険です。\n経済圏・重ね取り・決済\n経済圏は、銀行・カード・ウォレット・買い物サイト・携帯プランが1つのポイント通貨を共有する連携した集まりで、楽天・PayPay・dポイント・Vポイントが四大です。重ね取り（二重取り・三重取り）は、還元カードで、コード決済アプリを経由し、店舗ポイントを提示して、1回の買い物で正当に2〜3重の還元を得ることです。SPU（スーパーポイントアップ）は、使うサービスが増えるほど率が上がる楽天の段階プログラムで、PayPayステップはPayPay版です。タッチ決済は非接触のカード・スマホ決済で、対象条件はスマホの非接触と物理カードのタッチ、iD/QUICPayを区別することが多いです。\n旅行・投資の用語\nマイルはANAマイレージクラブやJALマイレージバンクの航空ロイヤルティ通貨で、マイル交換は経済圏ポイントを一定比率でマイルに換えることを指し、1マイルの価値は交換で大きく変わります。特典航空券は現金ではなくマイルで予約した座席です。積立は毎月の累積投資で、クレカ積立はクレジットカードで毎月の投信買付を行いその支出にポイントが付くものです。ふるさと納税は、返礼品と、経済圏プラットフォームではポイントを返し、住民税・所得税を相殺する寄付制度です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/points-glossary","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-limited-time","faq:rewards-stacking","faq:points-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-points-are-earned","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:maximize-points-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayポイントのヘルプ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-spu","publisher":"Rakuten Group","title":"楽天SPU（スーパーポイントアップ）","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dpoint-expiry","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"dポイントの獲得・利用・有効期限","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-international-transfers-work:ja","entityId":"guide:how-international-transfers-work","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外送金の仕組み","plainText":"海外送金は、資金の受け渡し・両替・メッセージ送信・コンプライアンス確認・中継処理・受取という一連の連鎖です。ある段階の手数料が安くても、総コストが安いとは限りません。\n送金の裏側にある一連の流れ（資金の受け渡し・両替・メッセージ送信・中継銀行・受取）と、表示手数料の安さが総コストの安さと同じではない理由。\n送金は単一の商品ではありません。資金の受け渡し・両替・メッセージ送信・決済・コンプライアンス・中継処理・最終受取の連鎖です。\n銀行送金は、円を銀行の対顧客レートで両替し、SWIFTメッセージを送り、各段階で手数料を差し引きうる中継銀行を通じて決済します。\n送金プラットフォームは、日本国内で円を集め、海外では現地で支払うことが多く、一部の中継手数料を避けられます。\n正しい比較単位は、宣伝される送金手数料ではなく、「同じ引落総額に対して受取人がいくら受け取るか」です。\n送金は「連鎖」であって単一手数料ではない\n海外送金は一つの商品ではなく、連鎖です。資金の受け渡し（自分のお金を業者に渡す）、両替、メッセージ送信、コンプライアンス・制裁確認、中継処理、受取銀行の処理、そして最終的な入金または現金受取。各段階で時間とコストが加わりえます。\nコストが連鎖全体に散らばるため、ある段階の表示手数料が安い（「送金手数料0円」）からといって総額が安いとは限りません。無料をうたっていても、為替レートが悪ければ、1,000円を取る業者より高くつくことがあります。\n通常の銀行送金（電信送金）の流れ\n銀行送金は通常この順序で進みます。受取人と送金目的の情報を提出→銀行が当事者と取引を審査→外貨を持ち込まない限り円を対顧客レートで両替→SWIFTの支払メッセージを送信→直接の取引関係がない銀行同士をコルレス（中継）銀行が決済→受取銀行が独自の確認→途中で手数料が差し引かれ→残額が入金されます。\n途中の各中継銀行は、受取人に届く前に取扱手数料を差し引きえます。たとえばゆうちょ銀行は、対象となる米ドル・ユーロの受取に定額の中継銀行控除を明示し、さらに追加の中継手数料が生じうると注意しています。\n送金プラットフォームはどこが違うか\nプラットフォーム送金は、小口向けのSWIFT連鎖を丸ごと使わないことが多いです。日本国内の銀行網（全銀システムが中心）で円を集め、通貨ニーズを内部で相殺・ヘッジし、受取国では現地で支払う仕組みです。これにより中継控除の回数を減らし、アプリ上で受取額を事前に提示できます。\nそれでも業者は本人確認・制裁スクリーニング・取引モニタリング・資金源の確認を行います。「数分」といった速さは、通常の入金・コンプライアンス・銀行営業時間・受取代理店の在庫を前提とした見積であり、保証ではありません。\n唯一「正直」な比較方法\nコストが連鎖全体に隠れるため、比較は「同じ引落総額・同じ通貨・同じ受取先と受取方法・同じ資金調達・同じ時刻」での受取額で行いましょう。この一つの数字が、送金手数料・為替マージン・予測可能な控除をまとめて捉えます。\n手数料の内訳、為替マージン、見積の比較方法の各ページを使い、送金前に繰り返し使えるワークシートに落とし込みましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/how-international-transfers-work","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:transfer-fees-explained","guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:compare-transfer-quotes","guide:swift-transfers-explained"]},"sources":[{"id":"swift-about","publisher":"SWIFT","title":"About SWIFT","url":"https://www.swift.com/about-us","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"swift-gpi","publisher":"SWIFT","title":"SWIFT gpi cross-border tracking","url":"https://www.swift.com/our-solutions/swift-gpi","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"zengin-system","publisher":"Japanese Banks’ Payment Clearing Network","title":"Zengin domestic funds-transfer system","url":"https://www.zengin-net.jp/","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-jpbank-receive","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank receiving money from abroad","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"fsa-funds-transfer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Registered funds transfer service providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:transfer-fees-explained:ja","entityId":"guide:transfer-fees-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外送金の手数料を分解する","plainText":"送金の総実効コストは、宣伝される手数料だけでなく、送金手数料＋入金手数料＋為替差損＋中継控除＋受取銀行手数料＋引出手数料＋返金・調査費用の合計です。\n海外送金で発生しうるすべての費用（送金手数料・入金手数料・リフティングチャージ・中継/受取手数料・引出/返金費用）と、それらを一つの総実効コストにまとめる方法。\n宣伝される送金手数料は一項目にすぎません。為替マージンの方が大きいことが多いです。\nリフティングチャージは、銀行が通常の両替をせずに送金を扱う場合（同一通貨や円建ての国際送金など）にかかります。\n中継（コルレス）銀行や受取人の銀行は、送金側の業者が事前に把握できない手数料を差し引きえます。\n総実効コスト＝送金手数料＋入金手数料＋為替差損＋中継控除＋受取手数料＋引出手数料＋返金/調査費用。\n出会いうる費用\n送金手数料：送金を始めるために業者が別途表示する料金。定額・定率・段階制・プロモーション・レート内包などがあります。\n入金（資金調達）手数料：支払方法に応じた追加費用。特にカード払いは加盟店手数料が乗ったりキャッシングとして扱われたりします。銀行振込での入金は通常より安いです。\nリフティングチャージ（外貨取扱手数料）：銀行が通常の両替をしない場合（同一通貨や円建ての国際送金など）の取扱手数料。日本の複数の銀行が概ね0.05%・最低2,500円前後で提示します。\n中継銀行手数料：途中のコルレス銀行が、到着前に取扱手数料を差し引きえます。\n受取銀行手数料：受取人の銀行が、送金側業者には見えない被仕向・リフティング・両替・入金手数料を課すことがあります。\n引出・受取手数料：現金受取、ATM引出、ウォレットからの出金には、それぞれ手数料がかかりえます。\n返金・調査費用：送金が戻ると、返金は手数料や不利な為替変動を差し引いた後の額になりえます。\n一つの数字にまとめる\n総実効コスト＝送金手数料＋入金手数料＋為替差損＋中継控除＋受取手数料＋引出/ATM手数料＋返金・調査費用。この総額だけが、業者を公平に順位づけできます。\n実務では、見える費用（送金手数料・公表FXマージン）と、推定になる費用（中継・受取控除）を分けましょう。見えない控除をゼロと決めつけず、確定コストを示したうえで不確実部分を幅で表すのが正しいやり方です。\n小口は定額手数料が、大口は為替マージンが効く\n小口では、定額の送金・中継・受取手数料が金額に対して大きな割合になるため、中継控除を避けられる専門業者が有利なことが多いです。大口では定額手数料は小さくなり、為替マージンが支配的になります。よって、送金手数料を削るより、為替レートを交渉する・同時刻の複数見積を取る方が節約になります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/transfer-fees-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-international-transfers-work","guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:intermediary-bank-fees","guide:our-sha-ben-fees"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-mizuho-remit","publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","title":"Mizuho overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-jpbank-receive","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank receiving money from abroad","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-prestia-fees","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"PRESTIA fee schedule","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/fees/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups:ja","entityId":"guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"為替レートと隠れた為替マージン","plainText":"仲値は卸売価格の中立な中間値です。銀行や業者はそこにマージン（スプレッド）を上乗せします。そのマージンは |業者レート ÷ 仲値 − 1| × 100 で測れます。\n仲値とは何か、日本の銀行のTTS/TTBとスプレッドの仕組み、そして業者の為替マージンを計算して「隠れコスト」を見える化する方法。\n仲値（インターバンクレート）は卸売の売買の中間値で、ベンチマークであり保証された小売レートではありません。\n日本の銀行は、円で外貨を買うときのTTSレートと、外貨を円に戻すときのTTBレートを公表します。仲値との差がコストです。\nマージン率＝|業者レート ÷ 仲値 − 1|×100。レートの向きを一貫させて計算します。\n「1ドルあたり1円」などの公表マージンは、小口では小さくても金額に比例して増えます。\n仲値：ベンチマーク\n仲値は、卸売市場の売り値と買い値の中間点です。比較のための最も公平で中立なベンチマークであり、レートサイトやWiseがこれを提示する理由です。ただし、保証された実行可能な小売レートではありません。\n公的な参照レートも同様です。2026年7月31日、欧州中央銀行の情報提供目的の参照レートは概ね1ドル約160.235円を示唆しました。ECBはこれをベンチマークであり取引レートではないと強調しています。計算には有用ですが決済用ではありません。\nTTS・TTBとスプレッド\n日本の銀行は通常、円で外貨を買う顧客向けのTTSレート（対顧客電信売相場）と、外貨を円に戻す顧客向けのTTBレート（対顧客電信買相場）を公表します。仲値と対顧客レートの差が為替コストで、TTSとTTBの差が往復のスプレッドです。\n銀行は単位あたりのマージンを示すことが多いです。たとえば三井住友銀行は、個人向けオンライン外国送金で米ドルの為替マージンを概ね1ドルあたり1円と示し、ユーロは1ユーロあたり約1.40円など通貨ごとに異なるマージンを掲げています。\nマージンの計算\nマージン率＝|業者レート ÷ 仲値 − 1|×100。レートの向きを一貫させます。外貨1単位あたりの円で比べるなら、送金人が払う円レートが高いほど不利。1円あたりの受取外貨で比べるなら、数値が低いほど不利です。\n計算例：仲値が1ドル160.235円、銀行の対顧客レートが1ドル161.235円（マージン1円）なら、マージンは|161.235 ÷ 160.235 − 1|×100 ≈ 0.62%。30万円ではこのマージンだけで約1,870円になり、これに定額の送金手数料が加わります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:transfer-fees-explained","guide:mid-market-vs-bank-rate","guide:compare-transfer-quotes","guide:weekend-fx-markups"]},"sources":[{"id":"ecb-fx-rates","publisher":"European Central Bank","title":"Euro foreign-exchange reference rates","url":"https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-wise-pricing","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise transfer pricing","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mid-market-vs-bank-rate:ja","entityId":"guide:mid-market-vs-bank-rate","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"仲値と銀行の為替レートの違い","plainText":"レートサイトは仲値のベンチマークを示し、銀行・カード・両替所はマージンを上乗せします。だから同じ通貨ペアでも表示が場所ごとに違い、その差があなたのコストです。\nGoogle・ECB・Wise・銀行・カード・両替所・店舗が、同じ通貨ペアでも異なる為替レートを表示する理由を、円建ての計算例つきで解説します。\nGoogleやECBは、通常はその値では取引できないベンチマーク（仲値・参照）レートを表示します。\nWiseは仲値を提示して手数料を明示します。銀行はマージンをTTS/TTBの対顧客レートに内包します。\n両替所や空港カウンターはスプレッドが最も広く、店舗のDCCはたいてい最悪です。\n比較するには、同じ瞬間に「受取額のために手放す円」に換算して並べます。\nどこがどのレートを表示するか\nレートサイト（Google・XE）や中央銀行のページ（ECBの参照表）は、仲値・参照レート、すなわちインターバンク中間値に近いベンチマークを表示します。小売の顧客は通常その値で約定できません。\nWiseはその仲値を提示し手数料を別掲するので、マージンが見えます。従来の銀行は、マージンをすでに内包したTTS/TTBの対顧客レートを公表するため、手数料は小さく見えてもレートが仕事をしています。カードはネットワークレートに発行会社の海外取引手数料を加えます。両替所・空港カウンターは売買スプレッドが最も広く、店舗やATMのDCCはたいてい最も高くつきます。\n円建ての計算例\n仲値が1ドル160.235円で、1,000ドルを送るとします。ベンチマークでは160,235円です。銀行の対顧客レートが161.235円（マージン1円）なら、同じ1,000ドルは161,235円になり、定額の送金手数料を除いてもレートだけで約1,000円多くかかります。両替所が168円で提示すれば168,000円です。\n教訓は、すべての選択肢を「同じ受取額のために同じ瞬間に実際に手放す円」に換算し、どの行が「手数料」でどの行が「レート」かにとらわれないことです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/mid-market-vs-bank-rate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:dynamic-currency-conversion","guide:best-overseas-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ecb-fx-rates","publisher":"European Central Bank","title":"Euro foreign-exchange reference rates","url":"https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-wise-pricing","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise transfer pricing","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"visa-dcc","publisher":"Visa","title":"Dynamic currency conversion guidance","url":"https://www.visa.co.jp/pay-with-visa/featured-technologies/dynamic-currency-conversion.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:swift-transfers-explained:ja","entityId":"guide:swift-transfers-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SWIFT送金の基礎（日本）","plainText":"SWIFTは、銀行が国際送金を指示するために使う標準化されたメッセージ網です。口座を保有したりレートを決めたりはせず、決済は各段階で手数料を差し引きうるコルレス銀行を通じて行われます。\nSWIFTのメッセージ送信とは何か、コルレス銀行とBICコードの仕組み、途中で手数料が発生する理由、gpi追跡の効用、そしてSWIFT送金が本当に必要な場面。\nSWIFTは機関間の支払メッセージを運ぶもので、資金そのものを動かしたり保有したりはしません。\n受取銀行はBIC/SWIFTコードで識別され、支払はコルレス銀行を経由することがあります。\nSWIFTは200を超える国・地域の11,500超の機関を結び、gpiは機関間の追跡を改善します。\nSWIFT送金は、受取人が電信送金を要求する・金額が大きい・正式な銀行書類が必要な場合にコストに見合います。\nSWIFTとは何か（そして何でないか）\nSWIFTは機関間の標準化された金融メッセージを提供します。誰が・誰に・いくら・どの通貨で・なぜ支払うかを受取側に伝えます。あなたの口座を保有せず、為替レートも自動的には決めません。外貨を持ち込まない限り、通貨の両替は自分の銀行が対顧客レートで行います。\nSWIFTは220を超える国・地域の11,500超の機関を結ぶ網だと報告しています。世界の銀行はこれらのメッセージをより情報量の多いISO 20022形式へ移行しており、これが一部の日本の銀行で受取人登録要件が変わった理由です。\nコルレス銀行とBICコード\n送金銀行と受取銀行に直接の決済関係がない場合、一つ以上のコルレス銀行が互いに口座を持ち、資金を先へ渡します。機関が増えるごとに、手数料・締切時刻・制裁確認・照合遅延・返送リスクが生じえます。\n送るには、受取銀行のBIC/SWIFTコードと、受取国が使う口座識別子（IBAN、ルーティング/ABA番号、ソートコード、BSB、IFSC、または国内の口座番号と支店コード）が必要です。受取人名は銀行記録と完全に一致する必要があります。\nSWIFTが見合う場面\n受取人が電信送金を要求する、通貨や機関に現地払出ルートがない、金額が大きい、または正式な銀行書類（銀行発行の送金証明）が必要な場合（証券口座への入金・エスクロー・納税・不動産など）は、SWIFT送金を選びましょう。日常の小口送金では、現地で集金・支払をする送金プラットフォームの方が安く、受取額を事前に示せることが多いです。\n追跡できるよう、銀行に送金レファレンスを尋ねましょう。gpi追跡は機関レベルで利用できることがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/swift-transfers-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-international-transfers-work","guide:intermediary-bank-fees","guide:our-sha-ben-fees","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},"sources":[{"id":"swift-about","publisher":"SWIFT","title":"About SWIFT","url":"https://www.swift.com/about-us","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"swift-gpi","publisher":"SWIFT","title":"SWIFT gpi cross-border tracking","url":"https://www.swift.com/our-solutions/swift-gpi","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-jpbank-receive","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank receiving money from abroad","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:intermediary-bank-fees:ja","entityId":"guide:intermediary-bank-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"コルレス銀行・中継銀行の手数料","plainText":"SWIFT送金の途中にあるコルレス銀行は、受取人に届く前にそれぞれ取扱手数料を差し引きえます。送金銀行は経路を支配しないため、正確な控除額は読みにくいです。\n中継銀行が手数料を差し引く理由、経路が連鎖の当事者を決める仕組み、控除が読みにくい理由、そして不確実性を減らす実務的な方法。\n支払は一つ以上のコルレス銀行を通過することがあり、各行が取扱手数料を課しえます。\n送金銀行はどのコルレス銀行を使うかを完全には支配しないため、控除は推定になりがちです。\nゆうちょ銀行は、対象の米ドル（10ドル）・ユーロ（5ユーロ）受取に定額の中継控除を明示し、さらに生じうると注意します。\n送金人負担の指示、現地払出プラットフォーム、受取銀行の被仕向手数料の確認で、不確実性を減らせます。\n手数料が差し引かれる理由\n自分の銀行と受取人の銀行に直接の関係がない場合、支払は互いに口座を持つコルレス銀行を通じて決済されます。各コルレス銀行はスクリーニング・照合・先方への転送などの作業を行い、その対価を送金から差し引いてから先へ渡します。\n経路は通貨・関与する銀行・既存の関係に依存するため、送金銀行は事前に「何行を経由し、各行がいくら取るか」を正確には示せないことが多いです。だから、すべて正しくても送金がわずかに目減りして届くことがあります。\n不確実性を減らす\n一部の銀行は定額の中継控除を開示します。たとえばゆうちょ銀行は、対象の米ドル受取に10ドル、ユーロ受取に5ユーロと示し、さらに追加の中継手数料が差し引かれうると注意します。\n実務上の手立て：請求どおり満額到着が必要なら送金人負担の区分を選ぶ（絶対の保証ではないと理解する）、コリドーが許すなら小売SWIFT連鎖を避ける現地払出プラットフォームを使う、受取銀行に被仕向手数料を尋ねる、重要な支払では少額のテスト送金を先に行い、入金額を確認してから残額を送る。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/intermediary-bank-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:swift-transfers-explained","guide:our-sha-ben-fees","guide:transfer-fees-explained"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-jpbank-receive","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank receiving money from abroad","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-mizuho-remit","publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","title":"Mizuho overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:our-sha-ben-fees:ja","entityId":"guide:our-sha-ben-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"OUR・SHA・BENの手数料区分","plainText":"OURは送金人が全手数料を負担、SHAは手数料を折半、BENは受取人が負担を意味します。ただし「OUR」でも、下流の銀行が控除しうるため、請求どおりの額が必ず届くとは限りません。\n各手数料区分の意味、誰が負担するか、「OUR」でも請求満額の到着が保証されない理由、そして請求書や学費の支払で何を意味するか。\nOUR：送金人が全手数料負担／SHA：折半／BEN：受取人負担（通常は金額からの控除）。\nSHAが一般的な既定で、下流手数料が送金額から差し引かれるのが通常です。\n三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほ・プレスティア・楽天銀行・SBIレミット・ゆうちょは、いずれも中継や受取の手数料が生じうると注意します。\n満額到着が必要な請求・学費には送金人負担を選び、想定せず入金額を確認しましょう。\n各区分の意味\nこの3つのコードは、送金手数料を誰が負担するかを銀行に伝えます。OUR：送金人（送金依頼人）が原則として下流も含む全手数料を負担。SHA：送金人は自行の手数料を払い、残りは受取人負担——一般的な既定。BEN：受取人が全手数料を負担し、通常は受取額からの控除で行われます。\nすべての経路で選べるわけではありません。たとえばMUFG Directはオンラインでは受取人負担のみ対応で、店舗やWeb Support Plusの依頼なら追加手数料で送金人負担のコルレスオプションを付けられます。プレスティアは定額で「全額負担」のコルレス指示を掲げますが、それでも中継が課金しうると注記します。\nOURが絶対保証でない理由\nOURを選ぶと請求満額が届く可能性は高まりますが、鉄壁の保証ではありません。日本の複数の銀行は、送金人が手数料負担を選んでも、送金銀行の管理外のコルレス銀行が手数料を取りうるため、想定外の下流控除が生じうると明示的に注意しています。\n満額受取が必要な請求・学費・不動産の支払では、送金人負担を選び、入金額を確認しましょう。可能なら少額のテスト送金を先に行い、残額が満額届くと決めつけないことです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/our-sha-ben-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:intermediary-bank-fees","guide:swift-transfers-explained","guide:transfer-fees-explained","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-mufg-remit","publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","title":"MUFG overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/tsukau/kaigai/okuru/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-mizuho-remit","publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","title":"Mizuho overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-prestia-fees","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"PRESTIA fee schedule","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/fees/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:transfer-times-and-delays:ja","entityId":"guide:transfer-times-and-delays","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外送金の所要時間と遅延","plainText":"提示される所要時間は通常時の目安です。週末・祝日・締切時刻・コンプライアンス審査・中継銀行・受取銀行の処理が、いずれも所要時間を延ばしえます。\n「目安」の到着が保証でない理由。週末・銀行休業日・締切時刻・コンプライアンス審査・中継・受取銀行の処理が、実際の着金日を動かします。\n「即時」「数分」は、通常の入金・審査・銀行・払出条件下の目安であり、保証ではありません。\n週末・祝日でも依頼は受け付けられますが、決済や受取銀行への入金は営業日を待つことが多いです。\n「審査中」はたいてい、本人確認・目的・資金源・受取人・制裁の情報が必要という意味です。\n銀行の店頭処理は数営業日かかることがあり、ISO 20022移行期の受取人登録は1〜2週間加わることがあります。\n実際に時間が増える要因\n所要時間の目安には、入金の受領・コンプライアンス審査・両替・支払の解放・中継銀行の通過・受取銀行への入金が含まれえます。どれもが延びえます。どちらかの国の週末・祝日、日々の締切時刻、誤った/不一致の受取人情報、受取銀行の審査、通常と異なる金額や仕向地への追加の制裁・AML確認などです。\n銀行送金では店頭処理に約3営業日かかることがあり、業界のISO 20022移行期には、一部の日本の銀行で新しい受取人登録に1〜2週間かかってから初回送金が出せることがあります。\n対処の仕方\n大口や時間に厳しい送金は早めに始めましょう。受取人登録・資金源審査・銀行休業日・不動産の決済日が絡む場合は数週間前から。締切前に入金し、受取人名と口座を銀行記録と照合し、審査が返信待ちで止まらないよう連絡先を最新に保ちましょう。\n追跡できるよう送金レファレンスを求め、当初の目安ではなくアプリの追跡やSWIFT/gpiの状況を正とみなしましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/transfer-times-and-delays","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-international-transfers-work","guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen","guide:large-transfers-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"swift-gpi","publisher":"SWIFT","title":"SWIFT gpi cross-border tracking","url":"https://www.swift.com/our-solutions/swift-gpi","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-mufg-remit","publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","title":"MUFG overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/tsukau/kaigai/okuru/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:transfer-limits-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:transfer-limits-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の海外送金限度額","plainText":"日本のType II資金移動は原則1回100万円が上限です。Type Iのサービスや銀行は強化された管理のもとで大口に対応し、業者はより低い年間・月間・顧客ごとの限度を課すこともあります。\nType I・Type IIの資金移動業者、100万円の基準、銀行の上限、顧客ごとの限度がどう関係するか、そしてより多く送りたいときに何を使うか。\nType IIの資金移動は原則1回100万円まで。Type Iはより多くの管理のもとで大口に対応します。\nWiseは日本発の対象となるType I送金を最大1億5,000万円まで、Kyodaiの公表Type I上限は審査前提で1,000万円です。\n銀行は独自の上限を設けます。たとえばゆうちょ銀行は1回100万円未満・1日200万円・月500万円です。\n限度回避のため大口を小分けにすると、それ自体が不審に見え、合算されうる点に注意。\nType IとType II、そして100万円の線\n日本のノンバンク送金は登録制の資金移動モデルで運営されます。Type IIの取引は原則1件100万円以下に制限されます。Type Iはより多くの管理・審査を伴い大口に対応します。限度は、法定・業者全体・コリドー別・顧客別・ローリング期間・リスク審査後の付与などがあります。\n公表例：Wiseは日本発の対象Type I送金を最大1億5,000万円まで。Kyodaiは手数料込み1,000万円のType I上限を、目的・審査前提で掲げます。DCOMは1回100万円・月200万円・年350万円まで、Smilesは直近365日で500万円などのローリング管理を公表します。\n銀行の上限と、より多く送るには\n銀行は独自の1回・1日・1か月の上限を設けます。たとえばゆうちょ銀行のブラウザサービスは1回100万円未満・1日200万円・月500万円です。大幅に多く送るには、銀行の店頭かType I業者を使い、資金源と目的の書類を事前に準備しましょう。大口は通常、強化審査の対象で、基準額を超えると銀行が市場連動の交渉レートを提示することもあります。\n限度をくぐるために大口を複数の小口に分けないでください。業者は関連取引を合算でき、管理回避の分割はそれ自体が危険信号で、口座凍結につながりえます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/transfer-limits-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:large-transfers-from-japan","guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose","guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-wise-limits","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise sending and holding limits","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-jpbank-remit","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank international remittance","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-kyodai","publisher":"Unidos Co., Ltd.","title":"Kyodai Remittance","url":"https://www.kyodai-remittance.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-dcom","publisher":"D.Communications Co., Ltd.","title":"DCOM Money Express remittance","url":"https://www.dcom-money.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"fsa-funds-transfer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Registered funds transfer service providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose:ja","entityId":"guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"資金源と送金目的","plainText":"資金源はお金の出所（給与・貯蓄・売却・相続・借入・事業収入）で、目的は使途です。明確で裏づけのある回答が送金を滞らせません。\n「資金源」と「送金目的」の意味、給与・貯蓄・相続・売却代金・事業所得を証明する書類、そして曖昧な目的が質問を招く理由。\n資金源はお金の直近の出所、資金の由来（source of wealth）は資産をどう築いたかというより広い経緯です。\n典型的な証拠：給与は給与明細と契約、貯蓄は過去の取引明細、一時金は売買・検認書類、事業収入は請求書。\n目的の申告（学費・家族支援・給与・投資・不動産・物品）は、金額とパターンに整合させます。\n「個人的」などの曖昧な表現は、金額や頻度が通常と異なると追加質問を招きます。\n業者が尋ねる内容と理由\nマネー・ローンダリング対策の規則のもと、業者は資金の出所と使途を尋ねることがあります。資金源は直近の出所——給与・貯蓄・事業収入・資産売却・相続・借入・投資の解約・年金・贈与など。資金の由来は、全体の資産をどう築いたかというより広い説明です。目的の申告は経済的理由を示します：学費・家族支援・生活費・給与・投資・物品購入・不動産取得・借入返済など。\nこれらの質問は非難ではありません。金額・資金源・目的・パターンがあなたにとって妥当かを業者が確認するためのもので、正当な送金を滞らせないためにこそ役立ちます。\nそれを証明する書類\n給与：雇用契約・給与明細・源泉徴収記録・確定申告書・整合する入金。貯蓄：過去の明細・給与記録・投資の解約、そして不自然な空白のない蓄積の経緯。一時金：売買契約・清算書・検認/相続書類。事業所得：請求書・契約・役務内容・プラットフォームの明細。たとえばRevolutの公表ガイダンスは、請求書やフリーランス契約を証拠の例に挙げています。\n大口や通常と異なる送金の前に用意しておきましょう。速やかな提出が「審査中」を解除する最短路で、口座・在留カード・受取人記録で氏名を一致させておくと、別種の遅延も避けられます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/source-of-funds-and-purpose","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen","guide:transfer-limits-japan","guide:large-transfers-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-remit-guidance","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Advice on overseas remittance and registered providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-revolut-legal","publisher":"Revolut","title":"Revolut Japan personal terms","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/terms/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-funds-transfer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Registered funds transfer service providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:currency-risk-when-to-convert:ja","entityId":"guide:currency-risk-when-to-convert","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"為替リスクと両替のタイミング","plainText":"外貨残高は保有中に円換算価値が上下します。できる範囲で将来の収入と支出の通貨を合わせ、相場を当てにいくのではなく計画に沿って両替しましょう。\n外貨残高の保有がどうタイミングリスクを生むか、収入と支出の通貨を合わせると不要な両替が減る理由、そして支払ニーズを投機に変えないための考え方。\n外貨の保有は市場ポジションです。使う前に円換算で増えることも減ることもあります。\n収入と支出の通貨を合わせると、往復の両替とそのスプレッドが減ります。\n定期的・ルールに基づく両替（または必要時の両替）は、レート予測より優れます。\n支払ニーズは投機の理由になりません。「Xを払う必要」と「レートが動くことを期待」を分けましょう。\n為替リスクとは実際に何か\n米ドル・ユーロなどで残高を持つと、その円換算価値は相場とともに動きます。その通貨で使う予定なら問題ありません——ドルの請求に使うドル残高は実務的なリスクがほとんどありません。リスクになるのは、実質的に賭けているとき——最終的に円で必要な外貨を、レートの改善を期待して持ち続ける場合です。\n外貨預金は、収入と支出が同じ通貨なら繰り返しの両替を減らせますが、変動にはさらされ、ポジションの出入りで通常スプレッドを払います。\n勘ではなく計画で両替する\n定期的なニーズ（家族支援の送金、学期ごとの学費）では、定期的な両替スケジュールがレートを平準化し、待つ誘惑を消します。一時的な大口では、投機的に持つのではなく必要が現実になったときに両替し、タイミングが本当に重要なら同時刻の見積を取り、大口なら銀行に交渉レートを尋ねましょう。\n支払を取引に変える罠を避けましょう。その通貨を投資として意図的に買わないなら、実際に請求を払う必要があるときに「より良いレートのため」に持ち続けないことです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/currency-risk-when-to-convert","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:weekend-fx-markups","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts"]},"sources":[{"id":"ecb-fx-rates","publisher":"European Central Bank","title":"Euro foreign-exchange reference rates","url":"https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-sony-guide","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank overseas remittance guide","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/guide/fct_transfer/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:weekend-fx-markups:ja","entityId":"guide:weekend-fx-markups","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"週末の為替マージン","plainText":"市場が閉じているとき、業者はリスクの価格付けが異なります。Wiseは概ね直近金曜の市場レートを使い週末の別途上乗せをしませんが、Revolut日本のStandardは定義された市場時間外に1%を加えます。\n為替市場が閉じている間に一部の業者が上乗せする理由、Wiseと Revolutの週末の扱いの違い、そして上乗せを避けるための両替タイミング。\n為替市場は週末に実質的に閉じ、業者はその空白の扱いが異なります。\nWiseは通常、直近金曜の市場レートを使い、週末の別途上乗せを設けないとしています。\nRevolut日本Standardは、市場時間外の法定通貨両替に、高頻度手数料に加えて1%を加えます。\n週末の海外カード決済にも時間外マージンが乗りえます。平日の市場時間に両替をずらせば避けられます。\n週末の上乗せがある理由\n卸売の為替市場は、金曜夕方から月曜朝までおおむね閉じています。週末にレートを保証する業者は、市場が異なる水準で再開するリスクを負っており、そのリスクの価格付けは業者ごとに異なります。\nWiseは、週末の送金は通常、直近金曜の市場レートを使い、別途の週末上乗せを設けないとしています。一方Revolut日本のStandardは、定義された為替市場時間外の法定通貨両替に、すでに適用されうる高頻度両替手数料に加えて1%を加えます。\n回避のためのタイミング\n両替が急ぎでなければ、平日の市場時間に実行して時間外マージンを避けましょう。これはアプリの両替に当てはまり、一部のカードでは週末に海外で行う決済にも——同じ時間外ルールが決済時点で適用されえます。\n自分の業者とプランを確認しましょう。無料枠・市場時間の定義・高頻度のしきい値は異なり、枠内は無料のプランでも超過すると課金が始まりえます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/weekend-fx-markups","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:revolut-japan-review","guide:wise-japan-review"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-wise-pricing","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise transfer pricing","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"remit-revolut-fees","publisher":"Revolut","title":"Revolut Japan standard fees","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/standard-fees/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compare-transfer-quotes:ja","entityId":"guide:compare-transfer-quotes","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外送金の見積を比較する方法","plainText":"同じ引落総額・通貨・仕向地・資金調達・受取方法で、すべての業者から同時刻に見積を取り、宣伝手数料ではなく受取額（実効レート）で比較します。\n同一の引落総額に対する受取額で業者を比較する、繰り返し使える「同時刻」の手法。あなたの送金で最安ルートを見つける唯一公平な方法です。\n正しい比較単位は「引落総額あたりの受取額」——実効レートです。\n見積時刻・引落総額・通貨・仕向地・資金調達・手数料区分・受取方法・速度区分をそろえます。\n実効レート＝受取額 ÷ 引落総額。総実効コストは仲値ベンチマークとの差です。\n初回プロモーションは標準比較から除外するか、別に表示します。\n比較の前に条件をそろえる\n業者は単一の全込みレートを公表しないため、公平な比較には同一の入力が必要です。各見積で次を一定に保ちます：見積時刻（同じ分、または狭い時間帯）、引落総額（送金人負担の全費用を含む同額）、送金元・受取の通貨、仕向国と受取銀行・受取方法、資金調達方法（銀行振込・デビット・クレジット・現金）、手数料区分（提供時はOUR/SHA/BEN）、受取方法（銀行口座・ウォレット・現金受取）、速度区分。\n初回プロモーションは標準比較から除くか、別行に記録しましょう。継続コストの同条件比較を歪めます。\n重要な4つの数字\n実効レート＝受取額 ÷ 引落総額。ベンチマーク受取額＝引落総額 × 1円あたりの仲値外貨。総実効コスト（円）＝（ベンチマーク受取−実際の受取）÷ 1円あたりの仲値外貨。総実効コスト率＝総実効コスト（円）÷ 引落総額 × 100。\n1ドル160.235円のベンチマークでの簡単な例：30万円の引落でベンチマーク受取は約1,872ドル。業者Aが1,859ドル、業者Bが1,823ドル届けるなら、Aの実効コストは約1,100円（0.37%）、Bは約7,800円（2.6%）——Bが低い手数料を宣伝していてもです。これらは計算のデモで、ライブ見積ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/compare-transfer-quotes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:transfer-fees-explained","guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","guide:how-international-transfers-work"]},"sources":[{"id":"ecb-fx-rates","publisher":"European Central Bank","title":"Euro foreign-exchange reference rates","url":"https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-wise-pricing","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise transfer pricing","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:dynamic-currency-conversion:ja","entityId":"guide:dynamic-currency-conversion","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ダイナミック・カレンシー・コンバージョン（DCC）","plainText":"DCCは、海外の店舗やATMが、あなたのカード発行会社ではなく先方のレートで取引を円に変換すると申し出るものです。たいてい割高なので、現地通貨を選び変換を断りましょう。\n店舗やATMのDCCとは何か、海外で自国通貨払いがたいてい割高になる理由、そしてほぼ毎回お金を節約する単純なルール「現地通貨を選ぶ」。\nDCCは、購入をカードネットワークではなく店舗やATM運営者のレートで自国通貨に変換します。\nVisa日本とMastercardはDCCを任意の選択と説明します。断れば、カード会社の通常の現地通貨処理が適用されます。\nDCCの上乗せは店舗ごとで、時に高額です。例示の6%は警告用の例にすぎません。\n基本のコスト管理ルール：決済時もATMでも、常に現地通貨を選びましょう。\nDCCとは何か\nDCCは、海外の店舗端末やATMが、現地通貨ではなく円で請求すると申し出る場合に起こります。変換は、あなたのカード発行会社の通常処理ではなく、店舗やATM運営者のレートで行われ、そのレートには通常、店舗に有利であなたに不利な上乗せが含まれます。\nVisaの日本向けガイダンスは、変換を断ればカード会社のレートで現地通貨で処理され、受け入れると円の金額が高くなりうるとATM利用者に案内します。Mastercardも同様に、DCCを現地通貨とカード会員の請求通貨との任意の選択と説明します。\nルールと落とし穴\n常に現地通貨を選び、変換を断りましょう。そうすればカードネットワークと発行会社が両替し、発行会社の海外取引手数料を含めても通常は安くなります。DCCを断ってもその発行会社手数料は消えませんが、その上に乗る店舗/ATMの追加上乗せは消えます。\n落とし穴は、DCCがしばしば初期選択されていたり、親切に聞こえる表現（「自国通貨で支払う」）になっていることです。円の金額と現地通貨の金額の両方を示す画面を探し、現地通貨を選びましょう。海外カードのガイドでは、発行会社手数料の比較を示し、「現地通貨」が実際にいくらかかるかを確認できます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/dynamic-currency-conversion","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:best-overseas-cards","guide:mid-market-vs-bank-rate","guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups"]},"sources":[{"id":"visa-dcc","publisher":"Visa","title":"Dynamic currency conversion guidance","url":"https://www.visa.co.jp/pay-with-visa/featured-technologies/dynamic-currency-conversion.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mastercard-dcc","publisher":"Mastercard","title":"Dynamic currency conversion explained","url":"https://www.mastercard.us/en-us/personal/get-support/dynamic-currency-conversion.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"card-sony-wallet","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank WALLET overseas use and fees","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/visa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"card-epos-overseas","publisher":"EPOS Card","title":"EPOS card overseas usage","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/en/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:wise-japan-review:ja","entityId":"guide:wise-japan-review","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Wise（ワイズ）日本：レビューと使い方","plainText":"Wiseは日本登録のType I・Type II資金移動業者で、仲値と明示的な手数料を示し、40以上の通貨を保有でき、対象の大口送金を最大1億5,000万円まで支援します。本人確認と、日本住所の既定保有限度100万円が前提です。\nWiseの日本でのライセンス、送金・保有限度、受取用の口座情報、カード、個人/ビジネスの使い分け。頼る前に必要な本人確認と大口送金の要点も。\nWise Payments Japan株式会社として、日本のType I・Type II資金移動業者（登録00040）に登録。\n残高からの送金は最大100万円、対象のType I大口送金は審査前提で最大1億5,000万円。\n日本住所の既定の合計保有限度は100万円。最長6か月、最大2,000万円の一時的な上限設定が可能。\n透明な手数料はコリドーと資金調達で変わり、銀行入金は通常カード入金より安いです。\nWiseができることと利用できる人\nWiseでは、対象通貨の送受金、40以上の通貨の保有、仲値での両替、デビットカードでの支払いができます。現地の受取口座情報（相手が国内送金のように支払える）は、顧客区分と通貨の適格性に依存します。個人・ビジネスの両口座があり、事業・フリーランス収入は規約が許す口座区分を通すべきです。\n本人確認は必須で、身元と、求められれば資金源や事業の書類が必要です。WiseはWise Payments Japan株式会社として、日本のType I・Type II資金移動業者（登録00040）に登録されています。銀行ではないため、残高は預金保険ではなく分別管理（セーフガーディング）で保護されます。\n限度・保有・コスト\n残高からの送金は原則100万円まで、対象のType I大口送金は審査前提で最大1億5,000万円。日本住所の既定の合計保有限度は100万円で、最長6か月・最大2,000万円の一時的な上限を申請でき、短期間だけ大きな額を受け取り保有したいときに便利です。\n手数料は、仲値に対して適用される透明な定額/定率で、コリドー・金額・資金調達方法で変わります。銀行振込での入金は通常カード入金より有利で、Wise利用者間の同一通貨の内部送金は無料のことがあります。大口取引は資金源審査を招きうるので、書類を事前に準備しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/wise-japan-review","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise","product:wise-business"],"guides":["guide:revolut-japan-review","guide:wise-vs-revolut","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:transfer-limits-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-wise-japan","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise in Japan","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/7kL1cM6NQ2LQPMs3kV2X5j/wise-in-japan","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"remit-wise-pricing","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise transfer pricing","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"imny-wise-limits","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise sending and holding limits","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"fsa-funds-transfer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Registered funds transfer service providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:revolut-japan-review:ja","entityId":"guide:revolut-japan-review","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Revolut（レボリュート）日本：レビューと使い方","plainText":"Revolut日本は登録Type II資金移動業者で、強力なマルチカレンシーアプリとカードを備えます。Standardは市場時間内・枠内なら表示為替手数料なしですが、市場時間外は1%、高頻度利用は0.5%が加わりえます。\nRevolut日本の為替枠、週末・時間外の手数料、送金、カード決済、そして「あなたにとって安いか」を左右するプランの詳細。\n日本のサービスは登録Type II資金移動業者（登録は00060と識別）として運営。\nStandardの通常顧客は市場時間内は表示為替手数料なし。高頻度のStandard利用は0.5%が生じえます。\n市場時間外の法定通貨両替はすべて追加1%。両替は平日の市場時間に計画しましょう。\n一部のSWIFT経路はRevolutの送金手数料なしですが中継手数料が生じえます。対象の「全手数料負担」経路は4,200円。\nアプリ・カードと得意分野\nRevolutは、マルチカレンシー両替、ウォレット、強力な管理機能つきのカード決済、国内・国際送金を提供します。受取・送金機能は口座と経路に依存します。強みは旅行・サブスク・中程度のマルチカレンシー利用で、英語のアプリとヘルプセンターが支えます。\n日本のサービスは、登録Type II資金移動業者（公式の法的資料で登録00060と識別）として運営されます。通常の銀行預金としては提示されないため、残高の保護方法は日本の法的・分別管理の開示を確認しましょう。\nコストを決める手数料\nStandardの通常顧客は、月間の枠内なら市場時間内は表示為替手数料なし。枠を超える高頻度のStandard利用は0.5%が生じえ、定義された市場時間外の法定通貨両替はすべて追加1%です。一部のSWIFT経路はRevolutの送金手数料なしですが中継手数料が生じえ、対象の「全手数料負担」経路は4,200円と掲げられます。\n枠やプラン階層で実際の支払いが変わるため、両替前にアプリ表示の送金・両替枠を確認し、急がない両替は平日の市場時間に。大口や通常と異なる利用では資金源書類を求められることがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/revolut-japan-review","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:wise-japan-review","guide:wise-vs-revolut","guide:weekend-fx-markups","guide:best-overseas-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-revolut-fees","publisher":"Revolut","title":"Revolut Japan standard fees","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/standard-fees/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"remit-revolut-legal","publisher":"Revolut","title":"Revolut Japan personal terms","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/terms/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"fsa-funds-transfer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Registered funds transfer service providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sbi-remit-review:ja","entityId":"guide:sbi-remit-review","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SBIレミット：レビューと使い方","plainText":"SBIレミットは日本登録の送金業者で、銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網での払出を手数料約460円から提供します。家族送金や東南アジアのコリドーに強く、原則1回約100万円・年500万円が上限です。\nSBIレミットの銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網、1回あたり・年間の限度、そしてアジア向け家族送金でよく選ばれる理由。\n銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網を含む提携払出。約200の国・地域への提供をうたいます。\n原則、1回あたり1万米ドル相当と100万円の低い方まで、暦年で原則500万円まで。\n手数料は約460円から。ただし実コストは仕向地別の手数料とFX見積で決まります。\n一部コリドーは数分で着金しますが、着金はコンプライアンス・銀行営業時間・現金代理店の在庫に依存します。\n対応範囲と払出方法\nSBIレミットは日本登録の送金業者で、銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網を含む提携払出を提供します。約200の国・地域への提供をうたいますが、利用できる商品は仕向地で異なります。フィリピンなど東南アジアのコリドーや家族送金でまず検討される業者です。\n顧客・目的のスクリーニングがあり、SHA型の経路では受取人が下流控除にさらされうます。払出額とルールが異なるため、見積が銀行入金か現金受取かを確認しましょう。\n限度と手数料\n送金は原則、1回あたり1万米ドル相当と100万円の低い方まで、暦年でおおむね500万円が一般的な上限です。受取（被仕向）は同じ1回あたり上限を共有しますが、月間・年間の明示上限はなく、確認が前提です。入金方法は銀行振込や参加ATM/送金カード経由があり、一部のATM入金には別途の限度や手数料があります。\n手数料は約460円からですが、実コストは仕向地別手数料＋為替マージンです。表示手数料でなく、実際の払出方法での受取額で比較しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/sbi-remit-review","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:wise-vs-sbi-remit","guide:western-union-japan-review","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-sbi-remit","publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","title":"SBI Remit international money transfer","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"fsa-funds-transfer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Registered funds transfer service providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:western-union-japan-review:ja","entityId":"guide:western-union-japan-review","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ウエスタンユニオン日本：レビューと使い方","plainText":"ウエスタンユニオンは緊急の現金受取や銀行口座のない受取人に最適で、MTCN追跡つきで200超の国に対応します。ただし為替マージンと詐欺リスクがあり、日常送金の既定ではなく熟慮のうえの選択です。\nウエスタンユニオンの現金受取の強み、オンライン・代理店送金、MTCN追跡、為替マージン、そして緊急送金で最も重要な詐欺対策。\nオンライン・アプリ・代理店・銀行口座・現金受取の各手段で200超の国・地域に対応。\n一部経路で手数料は約400円からですが、同社は為替から利益を得ると明示します。\nMTCN追跡が可能。受取には現金在庫・代理店営業時間・受取人IDが決め手になります。\n緊急時や銀行口座のない受取人に最適で、大口の銀行間送金では通常第一候補ではありません。\nウエスタンユニオンが強い場面\nウエスタンユニオンの網は200超の国・地域に及び、オンライン・アプリ・代理店・銀行口座・コンビニ入金・現金受取の手段があります。真の強みは緊急の現金受取と、銀行口座のない受取人への支払です。MTCN追跡で、送り手と受取人が送金を追えます。\n本人確認は必須で、限度は手段・本人確認・仕向地ごとに異なり、大口には強化された書類が求められます。\nコストと詐欺への注意\n一部経路で手数料は約400円からですが、為替マージンは大きくなりえます——同社は為替から利益を得ると明示します。比較時にはそのマージンを含め、プロモーション手数料は通常価格と分けて扱いましょう。\n現金受取は詐欺の典型的な経路です。緊急を主張されたら別経路で確認し、必要最小限を送り、受取番号を公開せず、受取人の正確な氏名とIDを確認し、無関係の「代理人」への送金依頼は詐欺とみなしましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/western-union-japan-review","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:western-union-vs-apps","guide:sbi-remit-review","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud","guide:emergency-transfers-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-wu-price","publisher":"Western Union","title":"Western Union Japan transfer quote","url":"https://www.westernunion.com/jp/en/web/send-money/start","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"remit-wu-terms","publisher":"Western Union","title":"Western Union Japan terms","url":"https://www.westernunion.com/jp/en/terms-conditions.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mufg-international-transfers:ja","entityId":"guide:mufg-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"三菱UFJ銀行の海外送金","plainText":"MUFGはMUFG Directで登録受取人へのオンライン送金と、店頭/Web Support Plusを提供します。オンライン手数料は2,500〜3,000円、店頭は7,000円で、MUFG Directは受取人負担のみ対応です。\n三菱UFJ銀行のオンラインと店頭の送金チャネル、公表手数料とコルレスの選択肢、ISO 20022の変更、そして英語のWeb Support Plus。\nMUFG Directのオンラインは登録受取人への個人送金に対応。店頭または外国送金Web Support Plusも利用可。\nオンライン：指定のMUFG海外拠点へ2,500円、他行へ3,000円。店頭/Web Support Plusは7,000円（手書き＋500円）。\n円または同一通貨の外貨預金からの資金調達は0.05%（最低2,500円）。店頭の送金人負担コルレスは＋3,000円。\nMUFG Directは受取人負担のみ対応。店頭処理は約3営業日かかることがあります。\nチャネルと手数料\nMUFGは、MUFG Directで登録受取人へのオンライン送金に加え、店頭サービスと英語対応の外国送金Web Support Plusを提供します。オンライン手数料は、指定のMUFG海外拠点・関係会社へ2,500円、他行へ3,000円。店頭またはWeb Support Plusは7,000円で、手書き依頼は＋500円です。\n円または同一通貨の外貨預金からの資金調達は、最低2,500円の0.05%取扱手数料が生じえます。送金人負担のコルレスオプションは店頭で＋3,000円ですが、MUFG Directは受取人負担のみ対応です。下流手数料を自分で負担したい場合は店頭ルートが必要になりえます。\nアクセス・英語・変更点\n英語のWeb Support Plusは利用できますが、コンプライアンスの追加確認や資金源書類が求められることがあります。被仕向手数料は通貨と両替経路で異なり、受取時に最新の料金表を確認しましょう。特にMUFGは2026年の改定を告知しています。MUFGは国際メッセージをISO 20022形式へ移行中で、受取人データの要件に影響しえます。\n店頭処理は約3営業日かかることがあるため、時間に厳しい送金は早めに始め、受取人を事前に登録しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/mufg-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:smbc-international-transfers","guide:mizuho-international-transfers","guide:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-mufg-remit","publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","title":"MUFG overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/tsukau/kaigai/okuru/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mufg-transfer-fees","publisher":"株式会社三菱UFJ銀行","title":"振込手数料","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/tesuuryou/furikomi.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:smbc-international-transfers:ja","entityId":"guide:smbc-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"三井住友銀行の海外送金","plainText":"SMBCは（登録と受取人登録のうえで）オンライン送金と店頭を提供します。オンライン手数料は3,000〜3,500円、公表FXマージンは約1ドル1円・1ユーロ1.40円、組戻/内容変更は4,000円です。\n三井住友銀行の事前登録が必要なオンライン送金、7つの送金通貨、公表の米ドル/ユーロFXマージン、マイナンバー要件、受取人登録の所要時間。\nSMBC Directのオンラインは事前登録と受取人登録が必要。店頭も利用可。\nオンライン：SMBC海外拠点へ3,000円、他の海外銀行へ3,500円。送金人負担の関係銀行手数料2,500円、リフティング/円取扱0.05%（最低2,500円）。\n公表FXマージンは約1ドル1円・1ユーロ1.40円。組戻・内容変更は4,000円。\n送金は7通貨（外貨6＋円）。マイナンバーと本人確認書類のアップロードが必要。\n準備・通貨・手数料\nSMBCは、事前登録と受取人登録のうえでSMBC Direct経由のオンライン送金と、店頭サービスを提供します。送金通貨は7つ——外貨6＋円です。オンライン手数料は、SMBC海外拠点へ3,000円、他の海外銀行へ3,500円。送金人負担の関係銀行手数料は2,500円、リフティングまたは円取扱は最低2,500円の0.05%です。\n公表FXマージンは約1ドル1円・1ユーロ1.40円で、これが両替の実コストです。組戻・内容変更は4,000円。外貨から円への被仕向受取は原則1,500円で、同一通貨や円の受取も経路により0.05%（最低2,500円）が生じえます。\nマイナンバー・登録・所要時間\nマイナンバーと本人確認書類のアップロードが必要です。受取人登録はISO 20022移行期に1〜2週間かかることがあり、2024年より前の受取人記録は2026年8月から再登録が必要になりえます。前もって計画し、時間に厳しい送金の前には保存済み受取人を再確認しましょう。\n準備と登録が先行するため、SMBCは一度きりの緊急支払よりも、同じ受取人に繰り返し送る居住者に向いています。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/smbc-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-international-transfers","guide:mizuho-international-transfers","guide:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","guide:our-sha-ben-fees"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"smbc-transfer-fees","publisher":"株式会社三井住友銀行","title":"振込手数料","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/fee/furikomi.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29"},{"id":"smbc-identity","publisher":"株式会社三井住友銀行","title":"会社概要","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/aboutus/profile/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mizuho-international-transfers:ja","entityId":"guide:mizuho-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"みずほ銀行の海外送金","plainText":"みずほは対象の個人顧客向けにアプリ送金を5,000円、店頭を8,000〜8,500円で提供します。マイナンバーが必要で、被仕向は原則2,500円、組戻は5,500円です。\nみずほ銀行のアプリ・店頭送金手数料、受取人審査、マイナンバー要件、被仕向コスト、組戻手数料、そして誰に向くか。\nみずほダイレクトのアプリ送金は対象の個人顧客で5,000円。店頭は8,000〜8,500円。\n送金人負担のコルレス手数料2,500円、内容変更4,500円、組戻5,500円。\n個人の被仕向手数料は原則2,500円。両替は銀行の適用レート。\nマイナンバー登録が必要。アプリ登録と受取人審査に数営業日かかります。\n手数料とチャネル\n対象の個人顧客は、みずほダイレクトのアプリで5,000円で送金できます。店頭はみずほ宛8,000円、他行宛8,500円。送金人負担のコルレス手数料は2,500円、内容変更4,500円、組戻5,500円。個人の被仕向は原則2,500円で、両替は銀行の適用レートです。\n事業目的や対象外口座の制限があるため、アプリチャネルを当てにする前に自分の口座区分が許可されているか確認しましょう。\nマイナンバーと準備時間\nマイナンバーの登録が必要です。アプリ登録と受取人審査に数営業日かかり、状況はアプリに表示されます。準備に時間がかかり、小口に対して定額手数料が高いため、みずほは小口の一回払いよりも、大口や定期の送金を行う既存顧客に向いています。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/mizuho-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-international-transfers","guide:smbc-international-transfers","guide:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","guide:incoming-bank-fees"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-mizuho-remit","publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","title":"Mizuho overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"mizuho-transfer-fees","publisher":"株式会社みずほ銀行","title":"振込手数料","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/rate_fee/fee_furikomi.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29"},{"id":"mizuho-identity","publisher":"株式会社みずほ銀行","title":"会社概要","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/company/info/profile.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-post-bank-international-transfers:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-post-bank-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ゆうちょ銀行の海外送金","plainText":"ゆうちょ銀行はブラウザ送金を1回3,000円（1回100万円未満・1日200万円・月500万円）で提供しますが、送金画面は日本語のみです。英語の受取指示は米ドル・ユーロのみ対応で、中継控除が開示されています。\nゆうちょ銀行の日本語のみの送金Webサービス、1回・月間の限度、マイナンバー要件、そして米ドル/ユーロのみの受取指示と開示された中継控除。\n個人向けのゆうちょ国際送金（ブラウザ）。仕向1回あたり3,000円。\n限度：1回100万円未満・1日200万円・月500万円。マイナンバー必須。\n送金サイトは日本語のみで、一部の項目は日本語入力が必要。\n受取指示は米ドル・ユーロのみ対応（BIC JPPSJPJ2）。中継控除は10ドル（米ドル）・5ユーロ（ユーロ）を開示。\n仕向サービスと限度\nゆうちょ銀行は、個人の口座保有者向けにブラウザ版のゆうちょ国際送金を、申込時の公表レートで1回3,000円で提供します。中継・受取手数料が別途差し引かれることがあります。限度は1回100万円未満・1日200万円・月500万円で、マイナンバーが必要です。\n重要な制約は言語です。送金サイトは日本語のみで、一部の入力は日本語で行う必要があります。個人口座で法人取引はできません。\nゆうちょ銀行での受取\n英語の受取指示は米ドルとユーロに対応します。BIC JPPSJPJ2、正しく整形した口座番号、登録された英語の口座名義と住所を使い、記号・番号の変換を正確に行いましょう。ゆうちょ銀行は、対象の米ドル受取に10ドル、ユーロ受取に5ユーロの定額中継控除を開示し、さらに追加の中継手数料が差し引かれうると注意します。\n受取通貨が限られるため、給与や年金をここに指定する前に、送り手が米ドルまたはユーロで支払えるか確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/japan-post-bank-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:japan-post-bank"],"guides":["guide:rakuten-vs-japan-post","guide:incoming-bank-fees","guide:receive-international-transfer"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-jpbank-remit","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank international remittance","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-jpbank-receive","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank receiving money from abroad","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:prestia-international-transfers:ja","entityId":"guide:prestia-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SMBC信託銀行プレスティアの海外送金","plainText":"プレスティアは強い英語対応の送金と外貨バンキングを提供します。標準のオンライン送金は3,500円（対象の100万円取引残高で2,000円、Gold階層は無料）ですが、オンライン送金は法人口座や事業目的資金には使えません。\nプレスティアの英語対応送金、残高に連動する手数料階層、MultiMoney外貨口座、GLOBAL PASS、そしてオンライン送金の事業目的制限。\n個人向けにオンライン・電話・店頭・郵送の送金。遠隔チャネルは受取人の事前登録が必要。\n標準オンライン3,500円、対象の100万円取引残高で2,000円、Gold階層は無料、店頭は原則7,000円。\n「全額負担」のコルレス指示は1,500円だが、中継が課金しうる。\n強い英語対応。MultiMoney外貨口座とGLOBAL PASSマルチカレンシーデビット。オンラインの事業目的送金は不可。\n英語対応と手数料階層\nプレスティア（SMBC信託銀行）は個人顧客向けの英語対応の有力な選択肢で、オンライン・電話・店頭・郵送の送金があります。遠隔チャネルは受取人の事前登録が必要です。標準のオンライン送金は3,500円で、対象の100万円取引残高で2,000円、Gold階層は無料に下がります。店頭は原則7,000円です。\n「全額負担」のコルレス指示は1,500円で利用できますが、中継が課金しうるため、満額到着を保証ではなく改善するものです。外貨の受取は対応するMultiMoney通貨で保有できますが、中継手数料は残ることがあります。\n外貨とカード\nプレスティアの強みは外貨業務です。MultiMoney口座は複数通貨を保有でき、GLOBAL PASSは海外購入とATM引出に対応するマルチカレンシーVisaデビットです。GLOBAL PASSの取引手数料は無料と掲げられますが、ATM運営者や両替の手数料が生じえます。\n重要な制限：オンライン送金は法人口座や事業目的資金には使えません。フリーランスや事業者は、クライアント支払でプレスティアを使う前に許可された経路を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/prestia-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:smbc-prestia"],"guides":["guide:sony-bank-international-transfers","guide:prestia-vs-sony-bank","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-prestia-fees","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"PRESTIA fee schedule","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/fees/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"remit-prestia-guide","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"PRESTIA overseas remittance guide","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/overseas_remittance/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"card-prestia-globalpass","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"PRESTIA GLOBAL PASS multi-currency debit","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/globalpass/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sony-bank-international-transfers:ja","entityId":"guide:sony-bank-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ソニー銀行の海外送金","plainText":"ソニー銀行は、11の送金通貨で24時間対応のオンライン外国送金を3,000円（Club S Platinumで月3回まで無料）で提供し、対象の外貨給与・年金を受け取り、10の外貨残高から直接支払うSony Bank WALLETと連携します。\nソニー銀行のオンライン外国送金、11の送金通貨、外貨の給与・年金の受取、Club Sの手数料優遇、そしてSony Bank WALLETが外貨残高をどう使うか。\n受取人の事前登録後にオンライン外国送金。メンテナンス時を除き原則24時間対応。\n仕向3,000円、対象のClub S Platinumで月3回まで無料。送金通貨は11をうたう。\n対象の外貨給与・年金・保険・投資の受取に、審査と口座適合を前提に対応。\nSony Bank WALLETは10の対応外貨残高から直接支払う。非対応通貨や残高なしの利用は1.79%。\n送金と受取\nソニー銀行は、受取人の事前登録後にオンライン外国送金を提供し、メンテナンス時を除き原則24時間利用できます。仕向手数料は3,000円で、対象のClub S Platinumでは月3回まで無料、送金通貨は11をうたいます（支払銀行の手数料は別途）。\n受取側では、ソニー銀行は外貨の給与・年金・保険・投資などの対象送金の受取に、審査と口座適合を前提に対応します。掲載の商品条件のもと、15歳以上の日本居住の個人にとって、外貨所得の実務的な受け皿になります。\n海外でのSony Bank WALLET\nSony Bank WALLETは、10の対応外貨口座から直接支払うVisaデビットで、残高不足時に対応通貨を自動購入する「円アシスト」機能があります。一致する残高から支払うと両替コストは入金時に既に発生済みで、非対応通貨や一致残高なしの支払は1.79%です。\nATMでは、非対応または円からの引出は1.79%＋220円で、ATM運営者手数料が加わることがあります。返金が外貨で戻ることや、加盟店の清算遅延で追加の円引落が生じることもあるため、外貨残高は能動的に管理しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/sony-bank-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:sony-bank"],"guides":["guide:prestia-international-transfers","guide:prestia-vs-sony-bank","guide:best-overseas-cards","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-sony-fees","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank overseas remittance fees","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/guide/fct_transfer/04.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"remit-sony-guide","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank overseas remittance guide","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/guide/fct_transfer/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"card-sony-wallet","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank WALLET overseas use and fees","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/visa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:send-money-abroad:ja","entityId":"guide:send-money-abroad","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本から海外へ送金する方法","plainText":"金額と仕向地に応じた経路を選び、正確な受取人情報を集め、同時刻に受取額で業者を比較し、受取人を独自に確認し、銀行振込で入金し、追跡し、記録を残します。\n手順の全体像：適切な経路を選び、受取人情報を集め、同時刻に見積を比較し、受取人を確認し、入金し、追跡し、記録を残す。\n仕事に経路を合わせる：小口は専門業者、大口や書類を伴うものは銀行かType Iサービス。\n正確な口座名義に加え、仕向地の識別子（IBAN・ABA・ソートコード・BSB・IFSC・口座/支店）を集める。\n同時刻・同一引落総額での受取額で比較する——宣伝手数料ではなく。\n新しい受取人は独自に確認し、銀行振込で入金し、控えとFX記録を残す。\n7つのステップ\n1）経路を選ぶ。小口の個人送金は専門業者（Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai・ウエスタンユニオン）を比較。大口や書類を伴う送金は銀行かType I業者。2）受取人情報を集める：正確な口座名義と住所、銀行名、仕向地の口座識別子（欧州はIBANとBIC、米国はABAルーティング番号、英国はソートコード、豪州はBSB、インドはIFSC、または国内の口座・支店コード）と、必要な目的・レファレンス。\n3）同一の引落総額・通貨・仕向地・資金調達・受取方法で、同時刻に見積を比較。4）新しい受取人は独自に確認——メールでの口座変更だけで動かない。5）入金する。通常は銀行振込で、カード入金より安いことが多い。6）アプリまたはSWIFTレファレンスで追跡。7）控え・使用した為替レート・目的書類を、税務と紛争のために保管。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/send-money-abroad","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:compare-transfer-quotes","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","guide:large-transfers-from-japan","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-remit-guidance","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Advice on overseas remittance and registered providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-wise-pricing","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise transfer pricing","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:receive-international-transfer:ja","entityId":"guide:receive-international-transfer","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で海外送金を受け取る方法","plainText":"送り手に銀行の被仕向SWIFT指示（またはプラットフォームの現地受取情報）を渡し、対応通貨を確認し、被仕向・中継手数料を見込み、受取は送金自体でなく「そのお金が何か」（所得・贈与・自分の貯蓄）で課税されることを覚えておきましょう。\n被仕向SWIFTの指示、現地の受取口座情報、対応通貨、被仕向手数料と中継控除、税務上の性質、そして着金までの追跡方法。\nSWIFTで受け取るには、銀行のBIC・口座番号/形式・登録された英語名義と住所を送り手に渡します。\nプラットフォーム（Wise・Payoneer）は一部通貨で現地受取情報を提供し、送り手が国内送金のように支払えます。\n被仕向手数料と中継控除を見込む。受取通貨を限る銀行もあります（ゆうちょ：米ドル/ユーロ）。\n受取自体は課税事由ではありません。給与・贈与・相続・自分の貯蓄かで税務が決まります。\n送り手に正しい情報を渡す\n銀行でのSWIFT受取には、銀行のBIC/SWIFTコード、正しく整形した口座番号、登録された英語の口座名義と住所を渡します。これらは完全一致が必要で、違うと遅延・返送されえます。たとえばゆうちょ銀行はBIC JPPSJPJ2を使い、米ドル・ユーロの受取に対応し、10ドル（米ドル）・5ユーロ（ユーロ）の中継控除を開示します。\nあるいはWiseやPayoneerのようなプラットフォームが、一部通貨で現地受取情報を提供し、送り手が国内送金のように支払えて一部の中継控除を避けられます。給与や年金を指定する前に対応通貨を確認し、被仕向手数料と中継手数料の可能性を見込みましょう。\n税務上の性質と追跡\n被仕向送金は、届いただけでは課税されません。税務はお金の本来の性質に従います：給与は所得、無償の移転は贈与になりうる、相続資金は相続税が関わりうる、そして自分の貯蓄を口座間で移すのは通常は新たな所得ではありません。送金の控えだけでは税務証拠として不十分なので、給与明細・請求書・売買契約・口座明細などの原資料を残しましょう。\nお金が遅い場合は、送り手に送金レファレンスを尋ね、SWIFT送金なら送り手の銀行に追跡を依頼してもらいましょう。gpi追跡は機関レベルで利用できることがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/receive-international-transfer","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:japan-post-bank"],"guides":["guide:foreign-salary-in-japan","guide:freelance-payments-from-overseas","guide:incoming-bank-fees","guide:are-transfers-taxable"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-jpbank-receive","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank receiving money from abroad","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-payoneer","publisher":"Payoneer","title":"Payoneer cross-border payments and pricing","url":"https://www.payoneer.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"国税庁","title":"居住者・非居住者の区分と課税所得の範囲","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本から送金する最も安い方法","plainText":"普遍的な最安業者はありません。勝者は金額・コリドー・資金調達・受取方法で変わるため、あなたの送金の受取額を同時刻で比較しましょう。小口は専門業者、大口は交渉FXの銀行が有利なことが多いです。\n文脈抜きの最安業者が存在しない理由、金額とコリドーでコストが変わること、そしてあなたの送金で最安ルートを見つける同時刻の方法。\n普遍的な最安業者はありません。勝者は金額・コリドー・資金調達・受取方法で変わります。\n小口は定額の銀行手数料が支配的で、専門業者（Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai・ウエスタンユニオン）が有利なことが多い。\n大口はFXマージンが支配的で、交渉した銀行レートや低マージンのType I業者が有利なことが多い。\n銀行振込で入金し、初回プロモーションを除き、同時刻の受取額で比較する。\n答えが「場合による」理由\n総コスト・受取額・時間は、金額・通貨ペア・資金調達と受取方法・見積の瞬間で決まります。フィリピンへの3万円の現金受取ではコリドー特化の送金会社がマルチカレンシーより有利なことがあり、3,000万円の書類を伴う不動産取引では銀行やType I業者が適切なことがあります。だから正直な「最安」ページは、固定順位ではなく方法です。\n構造的なルール：小口では定額の送金・中継・受取手数料が大きな割合になるため、現地で集金・支払する専門業者が有利なことが多い。大口では為替マージンが金額に比例して支配的になるため、FXレートの交渉や低マージン業者の比較の方が、手数料を削るより節約になります。\n同時刻の方法\n同一の引落総額・通貨・仕向地・資金調達・受取方法で、複数業者から同じ分内に見積を取り、受取額（実効レート）を比較します。カード手数料を避けるため銀行振込で入金し、初回プロモーションは別行に記録して継続コスト比較を歪めないようにします。\n小口は専門業者のショートリストから、大口は自分の銀行を加えて交渉レートを尋ねましょう。送金コストのワークシートで受取額を総実効コストに換算し、その送金での最安を選びます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:compare-transfer-quotes","guide:transfer-fees-explained","guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-wise-pricing","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise transfer pricing","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"imny-sbi-remit","publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","title":"SBI Remit international money transfer","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"ecb-fx-rates","publisher":"European Central Bank","title":"Euro foreign-exchange reference rates","url":"https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:large-transfers-from-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:large-transfers-from-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本から大口の海外送金をする方法","plainText":"大口では、Type I業者か銀行を使い、同時刻の書面見積を取り交渉FXレートを求め、資金源書類を事前に整え、受取人を独自に確認し、数週間前から始めましょう。大口では定額手数料でなく為替マージンが主コストだからです。\n100万円超を送る：Type Iサービスと銀行、FXレートの交渉、資金源書類の準備、受取人確認、所要時間、そして専門家に相談すべき場面。\n100万円超はType I業者（対象送金でWiseは最大1億5,000万円）か銀行を使う。強化審査を見込む。\n大口はFXマージンが支配的——銀行に交渉レートや市場連動レートを尋ねる。\n資金源書類を事前に整え、送る前に受取人を独自に確認する。\n受取人登録・資金源審査・決済日が絡むなら数週間前から。まず少額テストを送る。\n経路とレート\n100万円超の送金は通常、Type I資金移動サービスか銀行が必要です。Wiseは日本発の対象Type I送金を最大1億5,000万円まで、Kyodaiは審査前提で1,000万円のType I上限、メガバンクは大口送金を扱い基準額超で市場連動レートを提示しえます（例：りそなは大口の市場連動扱いに言及）。\n大口では為替マージンが主コストで、金額に比例します（定額手数料は比例しません）。銀行とType I業者から同時刻の書面見積を取り、確定前に交渉FXレートが可能か銀行に明示的に尋ねましょう。\n書類・確認・所要時間\n資金源の書類を事前に準備しましょう——給与明細・確定申告書・貯蓄の履歴・売買契約・検認書類など、不自然な空白なく蓄積の経緯を示すもの。大口は通常、強化審査の対象で、明確な書類の連なりが最短路です。\n受取人を独自に確認しましょう。特に不動産では、弁護士・公証人・タイトル会社・売主に、独自に入手した連絡先で口座情報を確認し、メールでの変更だけで動かないこと。受取人登録・資金源審査・銀行休業日・決済日が絡むなら数週間前から始め、受取人が分割を禁じない限りまず少額テストを送ります。相続・不動産・贈与・信託・米国税務が絡むなら、クロスボーダーの専門家に相談しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/large-transfers-from-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:transfer-limits-japan","guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-wise-limits","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise sending and holding limits","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-resona-remit","publisher":"Resona Bank, Limited","title":"Resona Bank overseas remittance","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/gaika/kaigai_soukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-kyodai","publisher":"Unidos Co., Ltd.","title":"Kyodai Remittance","url":"https://www.kyodai-remittance.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"fsa-funds-transfer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Registered funds transfer service providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:emergency-transfers-from-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:emergency-transfers-from-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"緊急の海外送金","plainText":"本当の緊急時は、追跡可能な現金受取業者（ウエスタンユニオン・SBIレミット/MoneyGram・Kyodai/Ria・コリドー特化アプリ）を使い、受取人の正確な氏名・IDと現地の上限を確認してから支払い、最小限を送り、主張された緊急事態を先に別経路で確認しましょう。\n素早く安全に現金を届ける：現金受取網、追跡コード、受取人確認、そして時間の圧力があるときこそ重要な詐欺対策。\nウエスタンユニオン・SBIレミット/MoneyGram・Kyodai/Ria・コリドー特化のSmiles/DCOMの現金受取は、銀行口座のない受取人に素早く届く。\n送る前に受取人の正確な氏名・ID、受取場所の営業時間・現金在庫・現地上限を確認する。\n追跡コード（MTCNやアプリ追跡）のある業者を使い、必要最小限のみ送る。\n「即時」は目安。コンプライアンスや代理店の都合で払出が遅れることもある。\n緊急の現金を送る手順\n銀行口座のない受取人や本当の緊急時は、現金受取が最速です。ウエスタンユニオン、MoneyGram網のSBIレミット、Ria網のKyodai、コリドー特化のSmilesやDCOMの現金受取が素早く払い出せます。支払う前に、受取人の正確な氏名・ID、受取場所と営業時間、現金在庫の有無、現地の現金受取上限を確認しましょう。いずれかが不一致だと払出が止まりえます。\n追跡コード（ウエスタンユニオンのMTCNやアプリ追跡）のある業者を使い、必要最小限を送り、受取番号を公開しないこと。「数分」は目安で、実際の払出はコンプライアンス審査と代理店の都合が支配します。\n緊急詐欺のチェックリスト\n緊急事態は、時間の圧力を生むため詐欺師が好みます。送る前に、別の既知の経路で緊急事態を確認しましょう——メッセージの番号ではなく、既に持っている番号に電話を。ギフトカード・暗号資産・無関係の「代理人」への送金依頼は詐欺とみなし、ワンタイムパスワードや受取番号を共有しないこと。\n送金の控えは送金を始めた証明であり、正しい人が受け取った証明ではありません。急かされる・秘密めいていると感じたら、止めて確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/emergency-transfers-from-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:western-union-japan-review","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud","guide:western-union-vs-apps"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-wu-price","publisher":"Western Union","title":"Western Union Japan transfer quote","url":"https://www.westernunion.com/jp/en/web/send-money/start","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"imny-sbi-remit","publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","title":"SBI Remit international money transfer","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-kyodai","publisher":"Unidos Co., Ltd.","title":"Kyodai Remittance","url":"https://www.kyodai-remittance.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-salary-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:foreign-salary-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で外国の給与を受け取る","plainText":"まず雇用主が国内円建て給与振込をできるか、できなければWiseやPayoneerの現地受取情報を受け入れるか、それも無理なら日本の銀行の被仕向SWIFT指示を渡すか、の順で尋ねます。給与明細を残し、外国の給与は海外で支払・保有しても非課税ではないと覚えておきましょう。\n海外から給与を受け取る際の確認順序——国内給与振込、プラットフォームの受取情報、または日本の銀行のSWIFT口座——と、残すべき記録、そして給与を海外に置いても非課税にならない理由。\n確認順序：国内円建て給与→プラットフォームの現地受取情報→日本の銀行の被仕向SWIFT。\n雇用主がその経路を受け入れる必要があり、給与は通常、従業員名義の口座が必要。\n少額テスト送金を行い、対応通貨と両替の場所を確認する。\n外国の給与は居住区分により日本で課税されうる。海外やウォレットに置いても非課税にはならない。\n確認の順序\n順に進めましょう。1）雇用主が日本の銀行口座への国内円建て給与振込をできるか——最も簡単で安い。2）海外払いなら、WiseやPayoneerの現地受取情報を受け入れるか（中継控除を避けられる）。3）無理なら日本の銀行の被仕向SWIFT指示を渡し、対応通貨を確認（ゆうちょ等は米ドル・ユーロのみ）。4）両替を送金前・中継・日本の銀行のどこで行うかを明示。5）少額テスト送金を行う。6）雇用契約・給与明細・送金通知・FX明細・入金記録を保管。\nどの経路でも雇用主の受け入れが必要で、給与は通常、受取口座が従業員名義である必要があります。正式な雇用の給与計算では、支払プラットフォームの口座を受け付けないことがあります。\n税務：海外＝非課税ではない\n外国の給与は、海外に置いたりウォレットで支払われたりしても非課税にはなりません。日本の課税は、居住区分・源泉ルール、そして非永住者については「同じドルが日本に入った」という単純な判定ではない法定の送金ルールに依存します。非永住者以外の居住者は原則、全世界所得に課税され、非居住者は原則、日本源泉所得に課税されます。\nすべての記録——契約・給与明細・送金通知・使用した為替レート——を残しましょう。所得の申告や、該当時の外国税額控除に必要になりえます。非永住者の送金扱いについては、所得が非課税と決めつける前に、日本の国際税務の専門家に相談しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/foreign-salary-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:sony-bank","product:wise"],"guides":["guide:receive-international-transfer","guide:freelance-payments-from-overseas","guide:are-transfers-taxable","guide:sony-bank-international-transfers"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"国税庁","title":"居住者・非居住者の区分と課税所得の範囲","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"imny-payoneer","publisher":"Payoneer","title":"Payoneer cross-border payments and pricing","url":"https://www.payoneer.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-wise-japan","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise in Japan","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/7kL1cM6NQ2LQPMs3kV2X5j/wise-in-japan","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:freelance-payments-from-overseas:ja","entityId":"guide:freelance-payments-from-overseas","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外からのフリーランス報酬を受け取る","plainText":"ビジネスまたは業務利用が許された口座（Wiseビジネス・Payoneer・PayPal・日本のビジネス銀行口座）を使い、法的な詳細を載せて請求し、契約・プラットフォーム明細・手数料・使用した為替レートを会計のために残しましょう。\nWiseビジネス・Payoneer・PayPal・日本のビジネス口座で海外クライアントから報酬を受け取る。各サービスの得意分野、請求書に載せる項目、税務のために残す記録。\n事業受取が規約で許された口座を使う。個人専用の送金商品に事業収入を通さない。\nWiseビジネスと Payoneerはクライアントに現地受取情報を提供でき、PayPalはクライアントが既に使う・紛争が重要な場面で有用。\n請求書には、法的名称・住所・役務の期間と内容・通貨・金額・請求番号・支払情報を記載。\n契約・納品証拠・プラットフォーム明細・手数料・使用した為替レートを残す。送金の控えだけでは税務証拠にならない。\nチャネルの選び方\nフリーランス収入は、事業利用を禁じる商品ではなく、ビジネスまたは業務利用が許された口座に通しましょう。Wiseビジネスと Payoneerは複数通貨で現地型の受取情報を提供でき、クライアントの手間を減らし一部の中継控除を避けます。Payoneerはマーケットプレイスや現地口座を好むクライアントに強い。PayPalはクライアントが既に使い、買い手/売り手の紛争ツールが重要な場面で便利ですが、日常の両替では越境・両替コストが高くなりえます。日本のビジネス銀行口座は最も正式で、特定のクライアントに必要なことがあります。\nクライアントの支払の手間・両替コスト・出金手数料・紛争の権利・留保/審査リスク・会計への取り込みやすさで比較しましょう。\n請求書と記録\nフリーランスの請求書には、双方の法的名称と住所、役務の期間と内容、通貨、金額、請求番号、支払期日、支払情報を記載しましょう。明確な請求書は、業者が支払を審査する際の資金源の質問にも役立ちます。\n会計と日本の税務のため、総収入・決済/銀行手数料・純受取額・使用した為替レートを、採用する会計方法で記録しましょう。契約・クライアントとのやり取り・納品証拠・プラットフォーム明細を残すこと。フリーランス収入は海外払いや外貨ウォレット保有でも課税されえ、送金の控えだけでは税務証拠として不十分です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/freelance-payments-from-overseas","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise-business","product:wise"],"guides":["guide:payoneer-vs-wise-vs-paypal","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan","guide:receive-international-transfer","guide:are-transfers-taxable"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-payoneer","publisher":"Payoneer","title":"Payoneer cross-border payments and pricing","url":"https://www.payoneer.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-paypal-jp","publisher":"PayPal","title":"PayPal Japan payments and fees","url":"https://www.paypal.com/jp/webapps/mpp/home","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"wise-business","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wiseビジネス口座","url":"https://wise.com/jp/business/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-multi-currency-accounts:ja","entityId":"guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のマルチカレンシー口座の選び方","plainText":"Wiseは通貨対応の広さとアプリ両替、Revolutはカードと旅行機能、ソニー銀行とプレスティアは従来型の外貨銀行預金に強みがあります。ウォレットと銀行預金は限度と法的保護が異なります。\nウォレットと銀行預金——Wise・Revolut・ソニー銀行・プレスティア——を、対応通貨・保有限度・カード・受取情報、そして貯蓄で重要な法的保護の違いで比較。\nWise：最も広い通貨対応（40以上）、透明な両替、適格性次第の現地受取情報。日本の保有限度は既定100万円。\nRevolut：強力なアプリ・カード管理・旅行利用。市場時間と枠のルールに注意。\nソニー銀行・プレスティア：明細と店舗サポートのある従来型の外貨銀行預金。\nウォレット残高と銀行預金は保有限度と法的保護が異なる——貯蓄では重要な違い。\nウォレットと銀行預金\nマルチカレンシーウォレット（Wise・Revolut）は多通貨の残高を保有し、現地受取情報を付与しえ、カードと連携します——ただし必ずしも銀行預金ではなく、保有限度や狭い保護があることがあります。外貨銀行預金（ソニー銀行・プレスティア）は明細と店舗サポートのある従来型預金で、外貨の給与・年金の受取や銀行間の外貨送金に向きます。\n広さとアプリ両替ではWiseが40以上の通貨で先行しますが、日本住所は既定で合計100万円の保有限度（一時的に引上げ可）です。Revolutはカードと旅行機能で先行。ソニーとプレスティアは、真の預金関係が欲しい場合に先行します。法的保護の違いは、まとまった貯蓄を保有するつもりのときに最も重要です。\n用途で選ぶ\n旅行や日常のマルチカレンシー決済には、良いカードのあるウォレット（Wise・Revolut）が通常最適です。外貨の給与・年金を受け取り真の預金として保有するには、銀行（ソニー・プレスティア）が向きます。多くの居住者は両方を持ちます——所得と長期保有には銀行預金、両替と旅行にはウォレット。\nまとまった残高をどれかに預ける前に、対応通貨・保有限度・カードの両替コスト・ATM枠・受取情報・預金保護を比較しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/best-multi-currency-accounts","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut","product:sony-bank","product:smbc-prestia"],"guides":["guide:wise-vs-revolut","guide:best-overseas-cards","guide:currency-risk-when-to-convert","guide:prestia-vs-sony-bank"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-wise-limits","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise sending and holding limits","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-revolut-fees","publisher":"Revolut","title":"Revolut Japan standard fees","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/standard-fees/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"remit-sony-guide","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank overseas remittance guide","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/guide/fct_transfer/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"remit-prestia-guide","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"PRESTIA overseas remittance guide","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/overseas_remittance/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-overseas-cards:ja","entityId":"guide:best-overseas-cards","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外で使うカードの選び方（日本発）","plainText":"低マージンのデビット（非対応通貨で1.79%のSony Bank WALLET、PRESTIA Global Pass、Wise、枠内のRevolut）を決済とATMに使い、別ネットワークのクレジットカードをバックアップと保護のために携行し、DCCを避けるため常に現地通貨を選びましょう。\n海外でのデビットとクレジット、発行会社のFX手数料比較、週末手数料、ATMコスト、そして2枚持ちのバックアップ戦略。Sony Bank WALLET・PRESTIA Global Pass・Wise・Revolut・一般的な日本のクレジットカードの公表率つき。\n一致する外貨残高でのデビットが通常最安。一般的な日本のクレジットカードはFXで概ね3.6〜3.9%を上乗せ。\nSony Bank WALLETは非対応通貨や一致残高なしで1.79%。PRESTIA Global Passは銀行取引手数料なしと掲示。\nRevolut Standardは市場時間外に1%。WiseはATMで現地通貨を選ぶよう助言。\n別ネットワークの2枚を携行し、1枚は分けて保管し、常にDCCを断る（現地通貨で支払う）。\nカードの比較\n10万円相当の購入では、公表・試算コストが差を示します：Sony Bank WALLETは一致する外貨残高がない場合1.79%（1,790円）、例のSMBCカードは3.63%（3,630円）、EPOSカードは3.85%（3,850円）、Revolut Standardは市場時間内・枠内の通常顧客で為替手数料0%（市場時間外は＋1%）、店舗DCCは例示の6%なら6,000円。Sony Bank WALLETやPRESTIA Global Passで一致残高を使うと、両替コストは入金時に既に発生済みです。\nATMでは、発行会社手数料・定率FX手数料・ATM運営者手数料・DCCを加えます。PRESTIAのGlobal Passは銀行側の取引手数料なし（運営者・両替手数料は生じうる）、WiseとRevolutは枠次第、Sony Bank WALLETは非対応・円からの引出で1.79%に加え220円です。\n2枚持ちの戦略\n別ネットワークの2枚以上を携行し、1枚は分けて保管し、各PINを把握しましょう。決済とATMには低マージンのデビットを、購入保護・ホテルやレンタカーのデポジット・バックアップにはクレジットカードを。クレジットは純粋なFXでは通常割高ですが、紛争や与信枠に有用です。海外でのクレジットカードのキャッシングは、取引日からの利息にATM・FX手数料が加わるため避けましょう。\nどのカードでも、決済時とATMで常に現地通貨を選びDCCを断りましょう。断っても発行会社のFX手数料は消えませんが、その上に乗る店舗/ATMの追加上乗せは消えます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/best-overseas-cards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:sony-bank","product:smbc-prestia","product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:dynamic-currency-conversion","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:sony-bank-international-transfers","guide:prestia-international-transfers"]},"sources":[{"id":"card-sony-wallet","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank WALLET overseas use and fees","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/visa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"card-prestia-globalpass","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"PRESTIA GLOBAL PASS multi-currency debit","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/globalpass/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"card-epos-overseas","publisher":"EPOS Card","title":"EPOS card overseas usage","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/en/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"card-smbc-overseas","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"SMBC Card overseas transaction handling fee","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/support/kaigai/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-revolut-fees","publisher":"Revolut","title":"Revolut Japan standard fees","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/standard-fees/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers:ja","entityId":"guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"銀行と送金専門業者の比較","plainText":"小口や現金・ウォレット払出は専門業者が有利なことが多く、受取人がSWIFT送金を要求する・正式書類が必要・専門業者の限度超の場合は銀行が有利です。大口では交渉した銀行のFXレートが専門業者を上回ることもあります。\n銀行送金が適切な場面と専門業者が有利な場面を、金額・速さ・現金の必要性・書類・複雑さで整理し、思い込みでなく正しい経路を選べるように。\n小口：定額の銀行手数料が大きな割合になるため、専門業者が有利なことが多い。\n現金受取・モバイルウォレット払出：通常は専門業者。店舗サポートや正式な証明：通常は銀行。\n大口の書類を伴う送金：銀行が強く、特に交渉FXレートで。Type I専門業者は限度内で有効。\n複雑な不動産・相続の支払：多くは銀行で、専門家と連携。\nそれぞれが有利な場面\n銀行は、受取人がSWIFT送金を明確に要求する、不動産や規制対象の投資口座が絡む、銀行発行の送金証明が必要、または送金業者の承認限度を超える場合に有利なことが多いです。小口では、定額手数料・為替スプレッド・中継控除が金額に対して大きな割合になるため不利です。\n専門業者は、より小さな送金・現金受取・モバイルウォレット払出で通常強く、受取額を事前に示しつつ一部の中継控除を避けられます。外貨預金は一部の銀行で利用でき、専門業者では従来型の預金ではなくウォレット残高になります。追跡は専門業者はアプリ、銀行は照会やSWIFT/gpiです。\n大口・複雑な送金\n大口の書類を伴う送金では、銀行が強く——特に基準額超での交渉FXレートで——一方Type I専門業者（対象送金でWiseは最大1億5,000万円など）は限度内で機能します。受取額を正確にというニーズは、銀行の手数料区分（確実ではない）か、多くの場合より明快に現地払出の専門業者で満たせます。\n複雑な不動産・相続の支払は、銀行が有利なことが多く、専門家と連携すべきです。返送・修正も異なります：銀行は正式で時に高額な組戻を行い、専門業者はアプリでの対応はあっても払出後は取消できないことがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/banks-vs-remittance-providers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:swift-transfers-explained","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case","guide:large-transfers-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-wise-limits","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise sending and holding limits","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"fsa-funds-transfer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Registered funds transfer service providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case:ja","entityId":"guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"用途別・海外送金サービスの選び方","plainText":"普遍的に最良の業者はありません。用途にショートリストを合わせ——小口・家族は専門業者、大口・書類は銀行かType I、フリーランス・給与はプラットフォーム、緊急は現金網——同時刻の見積で比較しましょう。\n用途別セレクター：小口・大口・家族支援・学生・フリーランス・給与・年金・現金受取・旅行・不動産の、出発点のショートリストと選択ルール。\n小口の個人送金：Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai・ウエスタンユニオン——正確な方法での受取額で比較。\n大口：Wise Type I・三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほ・プレスティア・ソニー・りそな——同時刻見積を取り交渉レートを尋ねる。\nフリーランス/給与：Wiseビジネス・Payoneer・PayPal・日本の銀行口座——事業利用規約と雇用主の受け入れを確認。\n緊急現金：ウエスタンユニオン・SBIレミット/MoneyGram・Kyodai/Ria——受取人ID・営業時間・現地上限を確認。\n用途別セレクター\n小口の個人送金→Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai・ウエスタンユニオン。正確な銀行・ウォレット・現金受取の方法で、手数料後の受取額を比較（定額の銀行送金は割高になりがち）。大口→Wise Type Iか銀行（三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほ・プレスティア・ソニー・りそな）。書面の同時刻見積を取り、交渉FXレートを求め、資金源書類を事前に整える。家族支援→SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai・Wise・ウエスタンユニオン。銀行入金やウォレットが現金受取より通常安全で安い。\n外国の給与→雇用主が受け入れるならWiseやPayoneerの現地受取情報、そうでなければソニー・プレスティア等の日本の銀行のSWIFT口座。フリーランスの支払→Wiseビジネス・Payoneer・PayPal・日本のビジネス口座。海外学費→学校指定のポータル・Wise・銀行SWIFT・ソニー・楽天。学生レファレンスを一致させ満額到着を狙う。年金受取→日本の銀行のSWIFT口座・ソニー・プレスティア・対象の現地受取情報。\n緊急・旅行・不動産\n緊急現金→ウエスタンユニオン・SBIレミット/MoneyGram・Kyodai/Ria・コリドー特化のSmiles/DCOMの現金受取。受取人ID・営業時間・現金在庫・正確な綴り・受取番号・現地上限を確認。旅行の支出→ソニーウォレット・PRESTIA Global Pass・Wise・Revolutに、別ネットワークのバックアップのクレジットカード。現地通貨を選びDCCを避ける。海外不動産→メガバンク・プレスティア/ソニー・Wise Type Iを、弁護士・エスクロー・独自の受取人確認の後にのみ。\nどの用途でも、ショートリストは出発点であって結論ではありません。最後は、自分の金額・コリドー・資金調達・受取方法での同時刻見積で比較して締めましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/best-transfer-services-by-use-case","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:compare-transfer-quotes"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-wise-pricing","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise transfer pricing","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"imny-sbi-remit","publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","title":"SBI Remit international money transfer","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"remit-wu-price","publisher":"Western Union","title":"Western Union Japan transfer quote","url":"https://www.westernunion.com/jp/en/web/send-money/start","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:wise-vs-revolut:ja","entityId":"guide:wise-vs-revolut","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"WiseとRevolutの比較（日本）","plainText":"Wiseはより透明な送金・受取ツールで、通貨対応が最も広く対象送金のType I上限は1億5,000万円。Revolutは日常のカード・旅行アプリとして強いが市場時間外に1%を加えます。どちらが安いかは金額・時間・プラン次第です。\n送金コスト・FXの扱い・週末手数料・受取・カード・ATM・限度を、日本での個人・中程度のマルチカレンシー利用で比較。\nWise：仲値＋透明な手数料、40以上の通貨、現地受取情報、対象送金のType I上限1億5,000万円。\nRevolut：強力なカード管理と旅行利用。Standardは市場時間内・枠内は表示為替手数料なし、時間外は＋1%。\n受取や大口はWiseが向くことが多く、カード決済や旅行はRevolutが多い。\nどちらも普遍的に安くはない——金額・時間・プランで同時刻の見積を比較。\n送金・受取・限度\nWiseは仲値と透明な手数料を示し、40以上の通貨を保有し、適格性次第で現地受取情報を提供し、日本発の対象Type I大口送金を最大1億5,000万円まで支援します（日本住所の既定保有限度100万円、一時的に引上げ可）。このためWiseは、外貨所得の受取や大口送金でより自然な選択です。\nRevolutは登録Type II業者で、送金・受取機能は口座と経路に依存します。一部のSWIFT経路はRevolutの送金手数料なしですが中継手数料が生じえます。純粋な送金の透明性と受取情報では、Wiseが概ね先行します。\nカード・週末・どちらが有利か\nRevolutの強みは日常のカードです：強力な管理、旅行での使いやすさ、市場時間内・枠内の通常顧客に対する表示Standard為替手数料なし。落とし穴は、市場時間外の法定通貨両替に1%（高頻度Standard利用に0.5%）です。Wiseのカードは一致残高から、または通貨依存の手数料で両替し、ATMでは現地通貨を選ぶよう助言します。\n結論は状況次第です：所得の受取やより大きく透明な送金はWiseが有利なことが多く、カード決済・サブスク・平日の旅行はRevolutが有利なことが多い。無料枠や市場時間ルールで支払いが変わるため、自分の金額・時間・プランで同時刻の見積を比較しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/wise-vs-revolut","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:wise-japan-review","guide:revolut-japan-review","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:weekend-fx-markups"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-wise-japan","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise in Japan","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/7kL1cM6NQ2LQPMs3kV2X5j/wise-in-japan","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"remit-revolut-fees","publisher":"Revolut","title":"Revolut Japan standard fees","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/standard-fees/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"imny-wise-limits","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise sending and holding limits","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:wise-vs-sbi-remit:ja","entityId":"guide:wise-vs-sbi-remit","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"WiseとSBIレミットの比較","plainText":"Wiseは透明な銀行入金の送金・外貨所得の受取・広い通貨対応に優れ、SBIレミットは現金受取・MoneyGram網・アジアの家族送金コリドーに優れます。仕向地と受取方法で正確な受取額を比較しましょう。\n銀行入金と現金受取、対応コリドー、限度、手数料、速さ、受取対応を比較し、家族送金者が仕向地に合う方を選べるように。\nWise：透明な仲値送金・受取情報・Type I大口。現金受取網ではない。\nSBIレミット：銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網。家族送金と東南アジアに強い。\nSBIレミットは原則1回約100万円・年500万円が上限。Wiseはより大きな対象送金に対応。\n勝者は受取方法とコリドー次第——表示手数料でなく受取額で比較。\n中心的な違い\nWiseは透明な送金・マルチカレンシーツールです：仲値、見える手数料、現地受取情報、対象で最大1億5,000万円のType I大口。現金受取網ではありません。SBIレミットは、銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網を約200の国・地域で提供する送金専門業者で、原則1回あたり1万米ドル相当と100万円の低い方まで、暦年でおおむね500万円が上限です。\nつまり選択は主に受取方法です。受取人が銀行口座を持ち、透明性と大きめの限度を重視するならWiseが向くことが多い。受取人が現金受取を必要とする、またはアジアのコリドーで定期的な家族支援を送るなら、SBIレミットの方が強く安いことが多いです。\n決め方\n仕向地と受取方法で、正確な受取額を同時刻に比較しましょう——Wiseの銀行入金見積と、SBIレミットの銀行入金または現金受取見積を。SBIレミットのFXマージン（460円からの手数料だけでなく）を含め、現金なら現地の現金受取上限と代理店情報を確認しましょう。\n外貨の給与受取や複数通貨の保有にはWiseが向き、アジアへの一方向の家族現金にはSBIレミットが有利なことが多いです。多くの人は用途別に両方を持ちます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/wise-vs-sbi-remit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:sbi-remit-review","guide:wise-japan-review","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-wise-pricing","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise transfer pricing","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"imny-sbi-remit","publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","title":"SBI Remit international money transfer","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-wise-limits","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise sending and holding limits","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:western-union-vs-apps:ja","entityId":"guide:western-union-vs-apps","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ウエスタンユニオンと送金アプリの比較","plainText":"ウエスタンユニオンは200超の国での緊急現金受取や銀行口座のない受取人に有利ですが、その為替マージンのため、受取人が口座を持つなら銀行入金型アプリ（Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai）の方が安いことが多いです。\nウエスタンユニオンの現金受取の強みが為替マージンに見合う場面と、銀行入金型の送金アプリの方が安く追跡しやすい場面。\nウエスタンユニオン：銀行口座のない受取人への比類ない現金受取網と速さ。MTCN追跡。\nアプリ：銀行入金では通常より安く、アプリ追跡が明快で受取額を事前表示。\nウエスタンユニオンは為替から利益を得ると明示——400円からの手数料だけでなくFXマージンを含める。\n受取人が現金か銀行入金かで選び、同時刻の見積で比較。\nウエスタンユニオンが見合う場面\nウエスタンユニオンの網は200超の国に及び、現金受取・代理店・銀行口座の手段があり、真の強みは銀行口座のない受取人へ素早く支払い、MTCNで追跡できることです。支払う相手が銀行入金を受けられない、または現金を早く用意する必要があるなら、その利便がコストに見合いえます。\nただしコストには為替マージンが含まれ——同社は為替から利益を得ると明示します——400円からの手数料は総額を過小に示します。FXマージンを含め、プロモーションレートは通常価格と分けて扱いましょう。\nアプリが有利な場面\n受取人が銀行口座を持つなら、銀行入金型の送金アプリ（Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai）が通常より安く追跡しやすく、送る前に受取額を示します。銀行口座への定期的な家族支援では、アプリ経路がコストで現金受取に勝ることが多く、現金受取の詐欺リスクも避けられます。\n判断ルールは単純です：受取人が現金か銀行入金かで選び、正確なコリドーと受取方法で同時刻の見積を比較しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/western-union-vs-apps","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:western-union-japan-review","guide:emergency-transfers-from-japan","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud","guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-wu-price","publisher":"Western Union","title":"Western Union Japan transfer quote","url":"https://www.westernunion.com/jp/en/web/send-money/start","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"imny-sbi-remit","publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","title":"SBI Remit international money transfer","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-dcom","publisher":"D.Communications Co., Ltd.","title":"DCOM Money Express remittance","url":"https://www.dcom-money.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho:ja","entityId":"guide:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほの海外送金比較","plainText":"MUFGはオンライン仕向手数料が最も低く（2,500〜3,000円）英語のWeb Support Plusがあり、SMBCは7通貨と公表の約1ドル1円マージン、みずほのアプリ送金は5,000円です。ただし小口では専門業者が3行すべてに勝ることが多いです。\n3メガバンクを、仕向手数料・FXマージン・オンライン対応・通貨・被仕向コスト・英語対応で比較。小口では専門業者が3行すべてに勝ることが多いという共通の注意点つき。\nMUFGオンライン：MUFG拠点へ2,500円、他行へ3,000円。オンラインは受取人負担のみ。英語のWeb Support Plus。\nSMBCオンライン：3,000/3,500円。送金7通貨。公表マージン約1ドル1円・約1ユーロ1.40円。組戻4,000円。\nみずほアプリ送金5,000円、店頭8,000〜8,500円、組戻5,500円。3行ともマイナンバー必須。\n小口では定額手数料とFXマージンにより、専門業者が3メガバンクに勝ることが多い。\n手数料・FX・チャネル\nMUFGはオンライン仕向手数料が最も低く——指定のMUFG海外拠点へ2,500円、他行へ3,000円——ただしMUFG Directは受取人負担のみ（送金人負担のコルレスは店頭が必要）。SMBCオンラインはSMBC拠点へ3,000円・他行へ3,500円、送金7通貨、公表FXマージンは約1ドル1円・約1ユーロ1.40円、組戻/内容変更4,000円。みずほのアプリ送金は5,000円、店頭8,000〜8,500円、組戻5,500円です。\n3行ともマイナンバーと受取人登録が必要で、いずれもISO 20022へ移行中のため準備時間が増えることがあります。被仕向手数料は異なり（SMBCは外貨→円で原則1,500円、みずほは原則2,500円）、受取時の料金表を確認しましょう——MUFGは2026年の改定を告知しています。\nどれを使うか\n3行の中では、MUFGが単純な受取人負担の送金でオンライン最安のことが多く、英語のWeb Support Plusがあります。SMBCは7通貨と公表マージンを求める人に向き、みずほはアプリを使うみずほ既存顧客に向きます。3行とも大口ではFXマージンが主コストなので、交渉レートを尋ねましょう。\n共通の注意点：小口の個人送金では、現地で集金・支払する専門業者が総コストで3メガバンクに勝ることが多いです。SWIFT送金・正式な証明・7通貨対応・大口の書類を伴う送金が必要なときにメガバンクを使いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-international-transfers","guide:smbc-international-transfers","guide:mizuho-international-transfers","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-mufg-remit","publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","title":"MUFG overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/tsukau/kaigai/okuru/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-mizuho-remit","publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","title":"Mizuho overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:prestia-vs-sony-bank:ja","entityId":"guide:prestia-vs-sony-bank","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"プレスティアとソニー銀行の比較","plainText":"プレスティアは英語対応・MultiMoney口座・GLOBAL PASSに優れますがオンラインの事業目的送金を禁じます。ソニー銀行は24時間のオンライン送金・11の送金通貨・Sony Bank WALLETに優れます。英語の店舗サポートか、オンラインの外貨自動化かで選びましょう。\n英語に強く外貨に強い2行を、サポート・預金・所得受取・送金手数料・デビットカード・口座要件で比較。\nプレスティア：強い英語対応、MultiMoney外貨口座、GLOBAL PASSデビット。オンラインの事業目的送金は不可。\nソニー銀行：24時間のオンライン送金（3,000円、Club S Platinumで一部無料）、11の送金通貨、Sony Bank WALLET。\n両行とも外貨所得を受取可。両行ともマルチカレンシーデビットを提供し、ATMで自行カードの銀行側取引手数料なし（運営者・両替手数料は生じうる）。\n英語の店舗・階層サービスならプレスティア、オンラインの外貨自動化ならソニー。\n比較\nプレスティア（SMBC信託銀行）は英語対応と外貨を軸にします：MultiMoney口座は複数通貨を保有、GLOBAL PASSは銀行取引手数料の掲示なしのマルチカレンシーVisaデビット、手数料階層は取引残高を優遇（標準オンライン3,500円、100万円残高で2,000円、Goldは無料）。重要な制限は、オンライン送金を法人口座・事業目的資金に使えないことです。\nソニー銀行はオンラインの外貨自動化を軸にします：24時間のオンライン送金3,000円（Club S Platinumで月3回まで無料）、11の送金通貨、10の外貨残高から直接支払うSony Bank WALLET（一致残高がない場合のみ1.79%）。両行とも、審査を前提に外貨の給与・年金を受け取れます。\nどちらが合うか\n英語の店舗・電話サポート、取引残高に連動する階層特典、外貨バンキングの関係を重視するならプレスティア。強力なオンライン外貨自動化、より多い送金通貨、外貨預金から直接支払うウォレットカードが欲しいならソニー銀行を選びましょう。\nフリーランスや事業者は、プレスティアのオンライン事業目的制限に留意し許可された経路を確認を。外貨残高を能動的に管理する旅行者には、Sony Bank WALLETが際立ちます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/prestia-vs-sony-bank","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:smbc-prestia","product:sony-bank"],"guides":["guide:prestia-international-transfers","guide:sony-bank-international-transfers","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:best-overseas-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"remit-prestia-guide","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"PRESTIA overseas remittance guide","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/overseas_remittance/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"remit-sony-guide","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank overseas remittance guide","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/guide/fct_transfer/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"card-prestia-globalpass","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","title":"PRESTIA GLOBAL PASS multi-currency debit","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/globalpass/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"card-sony-wallet","publisher":"Sony Bank","title":"Sony Bank WALLET overseas use and fees","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/visa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rakuten-vs-japan-post:ja","entityId":"guide:rakuten-vs-japan-post","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"楽天銀行とゆうちょ銀行の海外送金比較","plainText":"楽天銀行は仕向の表示手数料が750円と低いですが円建て資金調達が必要で任意/円建て送金の手数料が加わり、ゆうちょ銀行は3,000円で送金画面は日本語のみ・受取は米ドル/ユーロのみです。円から入金し全手数料を読むなら、楽天がコストで有利なことが多いです。\nオンラインで使える対照的な2つ：楽天の低い750円の表示手数料（円建て資金調達が必須）と、日本語のみの画面・米ドル/ユーロ限定受取のゆうちょ銀行。\n楽天銀行：仕向の表示手数料750円だが、外貨送金は円口座からの両替で資金調達が必要。任意の中継手数料1,000円、円建て送金は＋3,000円。\nゆうちょ銀行：仕向3,000円、画面は日本語のみ。受取は米ドル・ユーロのみで中継控除を開示。\n両行ともマイナンバー必須。両行とも受取銀行手数料が差し引かれうる。\n円からなら楽天がコストで有利なことが多い。ゆうちょは日本語画面で問題ない既存顧客に向く。\n比較\n楽天銀行は仕向手数料750円と60超の通貨・200超の国をうたいますが、詳細が重要です：外貨の仕向送金は円口座からの両替で資金調達が必要（既存の外貨預金を直接送れない）、任意の送金人負担の中継手数料1,000円、円建ての海外送金は＋3,000円。銀行審査は営業日に行われ、請求書や説明が必要なことがあります。\nゆうちょ銀行は公表レートで仕向3,000円ですが、送金サイトは日本語のみで一部の入力は日本語が必要です。英語の受取指示は米ドル・ユーロのみ（BIC JPPSJPJ2）で、10ドル・5ユーロの中継控除を開示します。両行ともマイナンバーが必要で、受取銀行手数料を転嫁しえます。\nどちらを選ぶか\n円から入金し全手数料を読むなら、楽天銀行がコストで有利なことが多く、画面も使いやすいです。ゆうちょ銀行は、日本語のみの送金画面で問題ない既存顧客や、ゆうちょ口座が特に必要で米ドル・ユーロで対応できる受取人に向きます。\nどちらでも、為替レートと受取銀行控除が総額を左右するため、表示手数料でなく受取額で比較を——小口では専門業者が両行に勝ることもあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/rakuten-vs-japan-post","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:rakuten-bank","product:japan-post-bank"],"guides":["guide:japan-post-bank-international-transfers","guide:incoming-bank-fees","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-rakuten-remit","publisher":"Rakuten Bank, Ltd.","title":"Rakuten Bank international remittance","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/geo/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-jpbank-remit","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank international remittance","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-jpbank-receive","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank receiving money from abroad","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:payoneer-vs-wise-vs-paypal:ja","entityId":"guide:payoneer-vs-wise-vs-paypal","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Payoneer・Wiseビジネス・PayPalの比較","plainText":"Wiseビジネスは透明な両替と現地受取情報、Payoneerはマーケットプレイスや現地口座を望むクライアントに強く、PayPalはクライアントが既に使い買い手/売り手の紛争が重要な場面で最適ですが、日常の両替では割高になりがちです。\nフリーランス・事業者が海外クライアントから支払いを受ける3つの方法を、クライアントの手間・受取情報・手数料・出金・紛争・会計で比較。\nWiseビジネス：仲値の両替、現地受取情報、透明な手数料。透明な請求に向く。\nPayoneer：マーケットプレイスの受取と、米ドル・ユーロ・英ポンド・円・加ドル等での現地口座情報。出金/支払手数料は様々。\nPayPal：クライアントが既に使い紛争が重要な場面で便利だが、越境・両替手数料が高くなりうる。\nクライアントの手間・両替コスト・出金手数料・紛争の権利・留保/審査リスク・会計取り込みで選ぶ。\n比較\nWiseビジネスは仲値で両替し透明な手数料で、クライアントに現地受取情報を渡せて手間を減らし一部の中継控除を避けます——単純な請求に明快な選択です。Payoneerはマーケットプレイスや現地口座での支払を好むクライアントに強く、米ドル・ユーロ・英ポンド・円・加ドル等の受取口座を提供し、公表の世界価格には残高両替の約0.5%や各種の出金/支払手数料が含まれます（ログイン後の価格が優先）。\nPayPalは、クライアントが既に使い買い手/売り手の紛争ツールが重要な場面で便利で、支払前に両替レートを表示します。日常の両替では銀行入金の専門業者送金より割高なことが多いので、紛争保護と両替コストを比べましょう。\n選び方と自衛\nクライアントの支払の手間（実際に何を使うか）、両替コスト、出金手数料、紛争の権利、留保/審査リスク、会計への取り込みやすさで決めましょう。多くのフリーランスは2つ持ちます——主たる請求チャネルと、特定プラットフォームを求めるクライアント向けのバックアップ。\nどれを使っても、契約・請求書・納品証拠・プラットフォーム明細を残しましょう。きれいな証跡で口座審査リスクは下がり、事業収入は海外払いや外貨残高保有でも課税されえます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/payoneer-vs-wise-vs-paypal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise-business","product:wise"],"guides":["guide:freelance-payments-from-overseas","guide:receive-international-transfer","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-payoneer","publisher":"Payoneer","title":"Payoneer cross-border payments and pricing","url":"https://www.payoneer.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"wise-business","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wiseビジネス口座","url":"https://wise.com/jp/business/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"imny-paypal-jp","publisher":"PayPal","title":"PayPal Japan payments and fees","url":"https://www.paypal.com/jp/webapps/mpp/home","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:incoming-bank-fees:ja","entityId":"guide:incoming-bank-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の銀行の被仕向（受取）手数料","plainText":"海外送金の受取は通常、被仕向手数料（主要行で概ね1,500〜2,500円）に加え、両替やリフティングの手数料、送金側銀行に見えない中継控除がかかりえます。対応通貨を確認し、入金額が送金額よりやや少なくなると想定しましょう。\n海外からお金を受け取るコスト——被仕向手数料・両替手数料・同一通貨/リフティング手数料・中継控除——を主要行で比較。\n主要行は被仕向手数料を課す：SMBCは外貨→円で原則1,500円、みずほは原則2,500円、SBI新生は約2,000円。\n同一通貨や円の受取は、経路により約0.05%（最低約2,500円）のリフティング手数料が生じうる。\n中継銀行は送り手に見えない手数料を差し引きうる。ゆうちょは10ドル（米ドル）・5ユーロ（ユーロ）を開示。\n対応通貨を確認——ゆうちょの英語受取指示は米ドル・ユーロのみ。\n受取に払うもの\n海外送金の受取は無料ではありません。主要行は被仕向手数料を課します——SMBCは外貨→円の受取で原則1,500円、みずほは原則2,500円、SBI新生は約2,000円相当（掲載の制度でSilver以上のStep Up階層は後日リベート）。同一通貨や円の国際受取も、経路により最低約2,500円の約0.05%のリフティング手数料が生じえます。\n受取銀行の手数料に加え、中継（コルレス）銀行が送り手の銀行に事前に見えない手数料を差し引きえます。ゆうちょ銀行は、対象の米ドル受取に10ドル、ユーロ受取に5ユーロの定額中継控除を開示し、さらに生じうると注意します。だから入金額が送金額よりやや少なくなることがあります。\n受取コストを減らす\n支払を指定する前に対応通貨を確認しましょう——ゆうちょ銀行の英語受取指示は米ドル・ユーロのみで、不一致は返送を招きえます。可能なら口座が対応する通貨で受け取り強制両替を避けるか、プラットフォームの現地受取情報（Wise・Payoneer）を使い一部の中継控除を回避しましょう。\n繰り返し受け取る給与や年金は、最新の被仕向手数料ページと階層リベートを確認し、受取時に数値を再確認しましょう。一部の銀行（例：楽天銀行の個人被仕向手数料）は、取引日に再確認すべき数値を公表しています。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/incoming-bank-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:receive-international-transfer","guide:intermediary-bank-fees","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"imny-smbc-remit","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","title":"SMBC overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-mizuho-remit","publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","title":"Mizuho overseas remittance service and fees","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-shinsei-remit","publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","title":"SBI Shinsei Bank receiving foreign remittances","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/english/foreign/receive.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"imny-jpbank-receive","publisher":"Japan Post Bank","title":"Japan Post Bank receiving money from abroad","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:are-transfers-taxable:ja","entityId":"guide:are-transfers-taxable","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外送金は日本で課税される？","plainText":"お金を移すこと自体は通常課税事由ではありません。税務は元の取引に従います——給与は所得、無償の移転は贈与になりうる、相続資金は相続税が関わりうる、資産売却は譲渡益になりうる——そして自分の貯蓄を口座間で移すのは通常は新たな所得ではありません。\nお金の移動自体は通常課税事由でない理由と、税務が代わりに元の取引——給与・贈与・相続・借入・事業所得・自分の貯蓄——に従う仕組み。\n送金自体は通常課税されない——重要なのは元の事象。\n給与は所得、無償の移転は贈与になりうる、相続は相続税が関わりうる、売却は譲渡益を生みうる。\n自分の貯蓄を自分の口座間で移すのは通常は新たな所得でないが、元の源泉は税務上の性質を保つ。\n居住区分（居住者・非永住者・非居住者）で課税対象が変わる——本内容は教育目的で助言ではない。\n税務は送金でなく源泉に従う\nお金を送る・受け取ること自体は通常課税事由ではありません。重要なのは元の取引です。給与は所得、無償の移転は贈与になりうる、相続資金は相続税が関わりうる、資産売却は譲渡益を生みうる、事業収入は事業所得のまま。自分の既存の貯蓄を口座間で移すのは新たな所得の受取とは異なり、通常それ自体は課税を生みません。\nだから大口の受取が自動的に納税義務を生むわけではなく、自分のお金を海外に送っても自動的に課税されるわけではありません。ただし元の性質はお金とともに移動します：利子・利得・給与・贈与・相続は、送金後も税務上の扱いを保ちます。\n居住区分と専門家に相談すべき場面\n居住区分で課税対象が変わります。非永住者以外の居住者は原則、全世界所得に課税。非永住者は、国外源泉でない所得、国内で支払われた国外源泉所得、そして法定計算で送金扱いされる範囲の国外で支払われた国外源泉所得に課税。非居住者は原則、日本源泉所得に課税されます。非永住者の送金ルールは「同じドルが日本に入った」という単純な追跡判定ではありません。\n本ページは教育目的で、納税額を判断できません。非送金扱いに頼る前や、大きな贈与・相続・不動産・信託・外国法人・暗号資産・ストックオプション・米国申告については、日本の国際税務の専門家に相談を。給与明細・契約・売買契約・検認書類・使用した為替レートなど元の書類を残しましょう。送金の控えだけでは税務証拠として不十分です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/are-transfers-taxable","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cross-border-gift-tax","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan","guide:receive-international-transfer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"国税庁","title":"居住者・非居住者の区分と課税所得の範囲","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-gift-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"贈与税がかかる場合","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/zoyo/4402.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-foreign-assets","publisher":"National Tax Agency","title":"Report of foreign assets (kokugai zaisan chosho)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/hotei/7456.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:cross-border-gift-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:cross-border-gift-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の国際贈与税","plainText":"日本の暦年課税では、その年に受け取った贈与の合計から110万円の基礎控除が差し引かれ、原則として受贈者が納税者です。ただし居住・国籍・財産の所在で結果が変わるため、大きな国際贈与は専門家の助言が必要です。\n日本の暦年課税の贈与税——110万円の基礎控除、受贈者ベースの計算、居住・国籍の要素——と、国際贈与で専門家の助言が必要な場面。\n基礎控除は原則、受贈者1人・暦年あたり受け取った贈与の合計110万円——贈与者ごとではない。\n通常の暦年課税では、原則として受贈者が納税者。\n居住歴・国籍・贈与者の状況・財産の所在が、いずれも結果を変えうる。\n真の通常の生活・教育の支援は、無制限の贈与と異なる扱いになりうるが、事実と時期が重要。\n控除の仕組み\n日本の暦年課税の贈与税は、原則としてその暦年に受け取った贈与の合計から110万円の基礎控除を差し引きます。重要なのは、これは受贈者ごとであって贈与者ごとではない点です——お金をくれる人ごとに新たな110万円の枠がもらえるわけではありません。通常の制度では、原則として受贈者が納税者です。\n国籍・住所・居住歴・贈与者の状況・財産の所在・特例・相続時精算課税の選択などが、いずれも結果を変ええます。特に、贈与者と受贈者が別の国にいる、または一方が最近移住した国際贈与では重要です。\n家族支援と助言が必要な場面\n真の通常の生活・教育のための支払は、無制限の贈与と異なる扱いになりうますが、事実・時期・必要性・直接の使途が重要です。大きな累積の移転、不動産購入の資金、投資の資金、通常の支援を超える支払は贈与に見えることがあり、専門家の確認が必要です。海外の親族が関わる一部の扶養控除の申告では、NTAは関係と送金の書類を求め、30〜69歳の一部の親族には、別の例外がない限り38万円の送金要件などの追加ルールがあります。\n本ページは教育目的で、納税額を判断できません。大きな国際贈与を行う・受け取る前、または家族の不動産購入に資金を出す前に、日本の税理士に相談し、関係・目的・資金の使途の証拠を残しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/cross-border-gift-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:are-transfers-taxable","guide:large-transfers-from-japan","guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-gift-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"贈与税がかかる場合","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/zoyo/4402.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-dependent-deduction","publisher":"国税庁","title":"扶養控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1180.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen:ja","entityId":"guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外送金が遅延・口座が凍結される理由","plainText":"氏名不一致・期限切れの在留カード・収入に見合わない金額・曖昧な目的・第三者資金・制裁該当など、何かが不整合に見えると送金は止まり口座は凍結されます。各々は再試行ではなく特定の是正証拠で解消されます。\nよくある引き金——氏名不一致・期限切れ書類・通常と異なる金額・不明確な目的・第三者資金・制裁該当——と、それぞれを解消する是正証拠。\n口座・在留カード・受取人記録での氏名不一致は主因——公式の氏名証拠で是正。\n期限切れの在留カードや古い住所は送金を止める——更新し登録情報を更新。\n収入に合わない金額・曖昧な目的・第三者資金は審査を招く——再試行でなく書類を提出。\n制裁や高リスクの該当は追加証拠が必要になりえ、一部の支払は禁止のまま。\nよくある引き金とその解消\n多くの保留は不整合から生じます。口座・在留カード・受取人記録で氏名が異なる→公式の氏名証拠を提出し受取人記録を訂正。在留カードや住所が古い→カードを更新し住所を更新。収入に合わない金額→給与明細・確定申告書・貯蓄履歴・売買/相続書類。曖昧な目的→請求書・学費請求・支援の説明・契約。第三者資金→関係・授権・源泉の証明。無関係の複数受取人→事業記録や詳細な関係説明。\n高リスク国や制裁名の該当→追加の身元・取引証拠（ただし一部の支払は禁止のまま）。不動産・投資の支払→購入契約・エスクロー指示・専門家の連絡先・源泉の連なり。受取人情報がメールで変更→受取人との独自の確認。業者が連絡できない→最新の電話・メール・郵送先。\nそもそも凍結を避ける\n登録された法的氏名・住所・在留資格・在留カードの有効期限を、口座・在留カード・受取人記録で最新に保ちましょう。「個人的」ではなく正確で具体的な目的を申告し、大口や通常と異なる送金では資金源書類を示せるようにしておきましょう。情報提供の要請には速やかに応じること——未回答の要請自体が審査を止める理由です。\n限度回避のため大口を小分けにしないこと——業者は関連取引を合算でき、ストラクチャリングを不審とみなします。他人のお金を自分の口座経由で送らせないこと——マネーミュールに似ており、口座凍結と刑事リスクを生みえます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/transfer-delayed-account-frozen","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose","guide:transfer-times-and-delays","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-remit-guidance","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Advice on overseas remittance and registered providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"国税庁","title":"居住者・非居住者の区分と課税所得の範囲","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-funds-transfer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Registered funds transfer service providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud:ja","entityId":"guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外送金の詐欺と防止策","plainText":"新しい受取人と口座情報の変更は、既知の電話番号で必ず独自に確認し、大口の前に少額のテスト送金をし、ワンタイムパスワードや受取番号を決して共有せず、緊急・秘密・他人のためのお金の転送依頼を詐欺の兆候として扱いましょう。\nよくある国際送金詐欺——受取人情報の変更・ロマンス/緊急詐欺・マネーミュール・不動産詐欺——と、身を守る具体的な習慣。\n新しい受取人と口座情報の変更は、既に持っている電話番号で独自に確認する。\n大口の前に少額テスト送金をし、入金額とレファレンスを確認する。\nワンタイムパスワード・カード情報全体・遠隔操作・受取番号を決して共有しない。\n他人のお金を自分の口座経由で送らせない——マネーミュール・税務・刑事のリスクを生む。\n知っておくべき詐欺\n受取人情報詐欺：犯人が請求書やメールを傍受し口座情報を変え、支払が犯人に届く。ロマンス・緊急詐欺：緊急で感情的な話で素早い送金を迫る。マネーミュール：「お願い」や仕事として受け取り転送するよう頼まれる。偽投資・「税務当局」の要求：保証された利回りや脅しで即時送金を迫る。不動産詐欺：エスクローや売主の口座情報のメール変更で手付金をそらす。\n共通点は、圧力＋変更または見知らぬ相手です。送金の控えは送金を始めた証明であり、正しい人に入金された証明ではありません。現金が受け取られ、または口座に入金されると、回収は不可能なことが多いです。\n身を守る習慣\n新しい受取人と口座情報の変更は、既に持っている電話番号で独自に確認しましょう——変更を知らせるメッセージ内の番号は使わないこと。大口の前に少額テスト送金をし（受取人が分割を禁じない限り）、入金額とレファレンスを確認します。ワンタイムパスワード・カード情報全体・遠隔操作・受取番号を決して共有しないこと。固有のパスワード・パスキーや多要素認証・端末ロック・取引通知・受取人ホワイトリストを使いましょう。\n不動産では、エスクロー指示を弁護士・タイトル会社・公証人・司法書士に、独自に入手した連絡先で確認を。緊急・秘密・保証利回り・ロマンス要求・「税務当局」の支払要求・見知らぬ相手へのお金の転送依頼を詐欺の兆候として扱いましょう。そして、クライアントや知人のお金を自分の個人口座経由で送らせないこと——マネーミュール・税務・口座凍結・刑事のリスクを生みえます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/transfer-scams-and-fraud","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen","guide:emergency-transfers-from-japan","guide:large-transfers-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-remit-guidance","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Advice on overseas remittance and registered providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/kaigaisoukin/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"fsa-funds-transfer","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"Registered funds transfer service providers","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:opening-a-bank-account-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:opening-a-bank-account-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で銀行口座を開く","plainText":"在留カードと日本の住所があれば多くの銀行で口座を開けます。ネット銀行や英語対応の銀行が一般的な出発点です。\n最初の日本の銀行口座を開くときの書類・選択肢・よくあるつまずき。\n中心の条件は在留カード。マイナンバー・電話番号・一定期間の在留を求める銀行もあります。\n手数料とアプリはネット銀行が有利。店舗や公的手続きにはメガバンク。\n名義はカタカナで登録。どこでも表記を統一しましょう。\n住所・在留資格を更新し、口座制限を避けましょう。\n必要なもの\n中心となる書類は在留カードです。多くの銀行は日本の住所と電話番号も求め、マイナンバーを求める例も増えています。新規来日者は一定期間（多くは在留6か月）を待つ銀行もあれば、すぐ開ける銀行もあります。ゆうちょ銀行や一部のネット銀行は早期に開設しやすいです。\n印鑑を用意するか署名の準備をし、名義はカタカナで登録される前提で考えましょう。そのカタカナ表記を勤務先・公共料金・カードで統一しておくと、後の振込や本人確認の問題を防げます。\n銀行の選び方\n手数料の安さと良いアプリを求めるなら、楽天銀行やソニー銀行などのネット銀行から。英語対応が必須なら、まず調べたいのはSMBC信託銀行プレスティアとソニー銀行です。店舗網が必要、または公的・法人取引を見込むなら、メガバンクやゆうちょ銀行が実務の軸になります。用途別に2口座を持つ人も多いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banking/opening-a-bank-account-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"faqs":["faq:bank-documents","faq:bank-english","faq:bank-no-job"],"products":["product:sony-bank","product:smbc-prestia","product:rakuten-bank","product:japan-post-bank"],"guides":["guide:best-banks-for-foreigners-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"immi-residence","publisher":"出入国在留管理庁","title":"出入国在留管理庁","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jftc-guarantee","publisher":"一般社団法人 全国銀行協会","title":"全国銀行協会","url":"https://www.zenginkyo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"日本銀行","title":"決済システム","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:best-banks-for-foreigners-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:best-banks-for-foreigners-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者に向いた日本の銀行","plainText":"英語対応・外貨ならSMBC信託銀行プレスティアとソニー銀行、低手数料・日常使いなら楽天銀行などのネット銀行が有力です。\n英語対応・手数料・アプリ・外貨のニーズで銀行を比較する方法。\n優先順位を決める：英語対応・手数料・アプリ・外貨機能。\n英語の一貫性はプレスティア、外貨とアプリはソニー銀行が強い。\nネット銀行は手数料を抑え、メガバンクは店舗と知名度。\n決める前に最新の手数料と英語対応を確認。\n自分に合う軸で比較する\n唯一の「最良」の銀行はなく、優先順位に対する最適があるだけです。すべて英語で行いたいならプレスティアが最も安全で、外貨にも強いソニー銀行が有力な次点です。低手数料と良いアプリ重視なら楽天銀行やソニー銀行。店舗や公的・法人が中心ならメガバンクやゆうちょ銀行が合います。\n手数料や英語対応は変わるため、どの一覧も出発点として扱い、申込前に各行の公式ページで最新情報を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banking/best-banks-for-foreigners-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"faqs":["faq:bank-english","faq:bank-online-vs-mega"],"products":["product:smbc-prestia","product:sony-bank","product:rakuten-bank","product:shinsei-bank"],"guides":["guide:opening-a-bank-account-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-prestia","publisher":"株式会社SMBC信託銀行","title":"SMBC信託銀行 プレスティア","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sony-bank","publisher":"ソニー銀行株式会社","title":"ソニー銀行","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"rakuten-bank","publisher":"楽天銀行株式会社","title":"楽天銀行","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:getting-a-credit-card-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:getting-a-credit-card-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で最初のクレジットカードを作る","plainText":"審査基準は各社が決定し非公開です。最初の1枚は、通りやすさではなく申込条件・固定費・ポイント・支払設定で比較します。\n発行会社が示す申込条件、最初の1枚の機能比較、落ちたときの対処。\n海外のスコアは引き継がれず、日本でゼロから履歴を作ります。\n経済圏カード（楽天・エポス）が定番の最初の1枚。\n発行会社は通常、個別の否決理由を開示しないため、理由を断定せず連続申込を避ける。\n支出に合う1つのポイント経済圏を選ぶ。\n審査の仕組み\n発行会社は申込条件を公開していますが、審査モデルの全体は公開していません。申込内容を正確に記入し、必要書類を公式案内で確認してください。CIC・JICCでは自分の登録情報を開示請求できますが、当サイトは審査結果を推測したり、特定の状況が有利だと保証したりしません。\n最初の1枚の選び方\n「最強のカード」一覧からではなく、自分の実際の支出から選び始めましょう。日本で人気の最初の1枚はほぼ年会費無料で基本還元も0.5〜1%程度なので、本当の違いは「どのポイント経済圏が生活に合うか」です。楽天で買い物するなら楽天カード、ドコモ・PayPay・auを使うなら対応カードにすると、ポイントが分散せず1か所に貯まります。\n次に国際ブランドと使い勝手で絞り込みます。広く使えるブランド（VisaかMastercardが無難、JCB・Amexは海外の対応がやや狭い）を選び、自分が使う追加機能（家族カード、高速道路のETCカード、Apple Pay・Google Pay・QUICPay・iDなどのウォレット対応）があるか確認します。最後に、手元の書類と引落用の日本の銀行口座で申込を完了できるかを確認しましょう。\n日本では信用履歴をゼロから作るため、複数を一度に申し込むより、1枚を選んで継続利用し毎月一括で支払う方が有利なことが多いです。年会費無料の1枚で延滞のない履歴を積むことが、後のアップグレードや2枚目の最もシンプルな土台になります。\nカード比較で見るべき点\n固定費：本カードが本当に無料か、免除条件が付いていないか。ポイント：常に適用される基本還元率を、派手なキャンペーン率と分けて見る。ポイント条件：どこで使えて、いつ失効するか（使う前に失効する高還元は価値が薄い）。国際ブランドと、自分が使う場所での通用性。追加カード（家族・ETC）とウォレット対応。支払い設定、特に自動リボがオフか。そして現実的な申込条件：今そろえられる書類・年齢・銀行口座の要件。\n下の比較表は、最初の1枚で重要な項目に沿って主要な年会費無料カードを並べたものです。まず2枚に絞り、最後は直接比較ページで決めましょう。\n落ちたときは\n発行会社は通常、否決の個別理由を伝えないため、収入・勤続・在留状況・国籍などを理由と断定しないでください。まず申込内容が正確で完全だったか確認し、反応的な複数申込は避けます。再申込を判断する前に、CICやJICCで自分について登録された情報を開示請求する方法もあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/credit-cards/getting-a-credit-card-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"faqs":["faq:card-foreigner-approval","faq:card-rejected","faq:card-first-card"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card","product:amex-jp"],"guides":["guide:avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai"]},"sources":[{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","title":"指定信用情報機関 CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jicc-credit","publisher":"株式会社日本信用情報機構","title":"日本信用情報機構 JICC","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"rakuten-card","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"楽天カード","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai:ja","entityId":"guide:avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"リボ払いの罠を避ける","plainText":"リボ払いは未払い残高に発行会社所定の手数料がかかり、返済が長期化し得ます。適切なら「一括払い」を選び、明細と自動リボ設定を毎回確認します。\nリボ払いとは何か、なぜ高くつくのか、どうオフにするか。\nリボ払いには所定の手数料がかかり、自動リボ設定で有効になる場合がある。\n毎月の一括払いなら利息ゼロ。\nポイント特典でリボに誘導されることがある。\nアプリで支払い設定を確認・変更する。\nなぜ高くつくのか\nリボ払いは毎月の支払いを小さく一定に保ちますが、未払い残高に利息（多くは年15%前後）がかかります。残高の減りが遅いため利息が積み上がり、小さな買い物でも長期では大きな負担になります。初期設定でオンだったり、追加ポイントで勧められるカードもあり、気づかず利用してしまう人がいます。\n避け方\n支払い時に「一括払い」を選び、アプリや会員サイトで既定の支払い方法を一括に設定しましょう。明細で「リボ」「自動リボ」設定がないか確認し、あればオフに。すでにリボ残高がある場合は、最低額より多く返済すると支払う利息を減らせます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/credit-cards/avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"faqs":["faq:card-riborai","faq:card-annual-fee"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:getting-a-credit-card-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"card-payment-consumer-guidance","publisher":"一般社団法人日本クレジット協会","title":"リボルビング払いの消費者向け解説","url":"https://www.j-credit.or.jp/customer/basis/revolving.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:what-is-nisa:ja","entityId":"guide:what-is-nisa","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAとは？初心者向けガイド","plainText":"NISAは非課税の投資口座で、2024年から年360万円（生涯1,800万円）まで投資でき、その利益は非課税です。\n非課税の投資口座、2024年の制度、考え方。\n新NISA（2024）：年つみたて120万＋成長240万、生涯1,800万円。\nNISA内の利益・配当は非課税で期限なし。\n証券会社で開設。初心者は低コストのインデックス投信が多い。\n米国関係者・出国予定者は特に注意。\n新NISAの仕組み\n2024年の刷新以降、NISAは一本化された恒久制度で、併用できる2つの枠があります。規制当局が選定した投信向けの「つみたて投資枠」（年120万円まで）と、より広い対象の「成長投資枠」（年240万円まで）で、合計年360万円、生涯1,800万円が上限です。利益・配当は非課税で、非課税期間に期限はありません。売却すると、使った生涯枠は翌年に復活します。\n注意点\nNISAは「入れ物」であって投資そのものではありません。中に入れるものでリスクが決まります。初心者の多くは個別株より、幅広く低コストなインデックス投信を調べます。クロスボーダーの注意が2つ。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は日本の投信で重い米国課税（PFIC）を受け、NISAは出国後は原則継続できません。大きな額を投じる前に両方を計画しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/what-is-nisa","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan","faq:nisa-us-citizen","faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:nisa-vs-ideco:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-vs-ideco","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAとiDeCo：どちらを先に？","plainText":"NISAは柔軟（いつでも引き出せ運用益非課税）、iDeCoは今の控除が大きい代わりに60歳まで拘束。まずNISAが多いです。\n2つの税制優遇口座の違いと使う順番。\nNISA：柔軟・運用益非課税・いつでも引き出せる。\niDeCo：掛金が今の課税所得を減らすが60歳まで拘束。\niDeCoの上限は年金区分による。\n出国予定ならiDeCoの拘束は大きな難点。\n中心的な違い\nどちらも運用益を非課税にしますが、柔軟性と今の恩恵をトレードオフします。NISAは所得控除はない代わりにいつでも引き出せ、利益は非課税。iDeCoは掛金を今の課税所得から控除でき（即時の実利）、その分お金は原則60歳まで拘束され、受取時は別の（多くは有利な）ルールで課税されます。iDeCoの掛金上限は、自営か、企業年金の有無がある会社員か、などで変わります。\n使う順番\nよくあるのは、まず柔軟なNISAを使い、60歳前に使わない自信があり日本に留まる見込みなら、控除目当てにiDeCoを足す方法です。出国の可能性があるなら、iDeCoの拘束とクロスボーダーの複雑さが不利に働きます。万能の正解はなく、投資期間と在留計画に合わせて選びましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-vs-ideco","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities"],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 system","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"ideco-official","publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","title":"Official iDeCo guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で証券会社を選ぶ","plainText":"NISAやインデックス投資の定番は楽天証券とSBI証券。マネックス証券は特に米国株で有力な選択肢です。\n楽天証券・SBI証券・マネックス証券を比較する観点。\n投信の手数料・NISA/iDeCo対応・ポイント連携を比較。\n低コスト投信は楽天とSBIが主流、米国株はマネックスが強い。\n経済圏（銀行・ポイント）の相性で上位2社を選び分けがち。\n画面は日本語中心。最新手数料を確認。\n比較する観点\n多くの初心者にとって、判断は少数の要素に絞られます。投信のラインナップと手数料（3社とも主要な低コスト投信を扱う）、NISA・iDeCo対応（3社ともあり）、ポイント連携、そして既に使う銀行との連携のしやすさです。楽天証券は楽天銀行・ポイントと自然に組み合わさり、SBI証券は最も広いラインナップと複数のポイント選択肢、マネックス証券は米国株のアクセスと分析ツールで選ばれがちです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/choosing-a-brokerage-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:nisa-vs-ideco"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"rakuten-sec","publisher":"楽天証券株式会社","title":"楽天証券","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sbi-sec","publisher":"株式会社SBI証券","title":"SBI証券","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:japan-tax-residency-explained:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-tax-residency-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の税務上の居住者区分","plainText":"日本は在留資格とは別の税務上の区分で課税します。非居住者は日本源泉、非永住者は送金分の国外所得も、永住者は全世界所得に課税されます。\n非居住者・非永住者・永住者と、それぞれの課税範囲。\n税務上の居住者区分は在留資格と別。\n非永住者：過去10年で在住5年以下・永住意思なし。\n非永住者は国外所得の送金分が課税対象になり得る。\n税務上の永住者は全世界所得に課税。\n3つの区分\n所得税では、日本は個人を非居住者・非永住者・永住者に区分します。これは在留資格の「永住」とは別の税務概念です。非居住者は日本源泉所得のみ課税。非永住者（過去10年で日本に住所を有した期間が5年以下で永住意思がない人）は、日本源泉所得に加え、日本で支払われた・送金された国外源泉所得が課税対象です。税務上の永住者は全世界所得に課税されます。\nなぜ重要か\n区分によって、海外の給与・海外の投資所得・日本に持ち込むお金が日本で課税されるかが決まります。クロスボーダーの誤りが起きやすい所で、たとえば非永住者が国外所得を日本の口座に送金すると課税が生じ得ます。国外所得や資産が絡む場合は、区分と義務を国税庁や税理士で確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-tax-residency-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status","faq:remit-overseas-income"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","guide:furusato-nozei-explained"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:furusato-nozei-explained:ja","entityId":"guide:furusato-nozei-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ふるさと納税の仕組み","plainText":"ふるさと納税は、自治体に寄付して返礼品を受け取りつつ、ほぼ全額を税から控除できます。実質2,000円で返礼品を得られます。\n住民税を返礼品に変える、ふるさと納税の仕組み。\n寄付は住民税・所得税から控除（自己負担2,000円）。\n返礼品（食品・物品）を受け取れる。\n控除の上限は所得・家族構成による。\nワンストップ特例か確定申告で申請。\n仕組み\nふるさと納税のポータルから任意の自治体に寄付し、多くの場合「返礼品」を受け取ります。寄付のほぼ全額が住民税・所得税から控除されるため、一律2,000円を除けば、どのみち払う税を振り向けて返礼品を得ることになります。有利に寄付できる額には、所得や世帯状況に応じた上限があるため、寄付前に公式の上限シミュレーターを使いましょう。\n控除の申請\n控除を受けるには申請が必要です。寄付先が5自治体以下の給与所得者は、各自治体に書類を出すワンストップ特例を使えます。それ以外、または既に確定申告する人は、受領書とともに申告で寄付を報告します。手続きを忘れると控除を失い、単なる（割高な）買い物になってしまいます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/furusato-nozei-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-furusato","faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-furusato","publisher":"国税庁","title":"ふるさと納税（寄附金控除）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1155.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return:ja","entityId":"guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で確定申告は必要？","plainText":"多くの会社員は年末調整で完結します。副収入20万円超・2か所給与・自営・特定の控除を受けたい場合は原則、確定申告が必要です。\n年末調整で足りる場合と、確定申告が必要な場合。\n多くの会社員は年末調整で自動的に完結。\n副収入20万円超・2か所給与・自営なら申告。\n医療費・初年度住宅ローン・寄付の控除は申告で。\n2025年分は2026年2月16日〜3月16日、e-Taxで。\n申告が不要なことが多い場合\n給与が1か所で源泉徴収され、勤務先が年末調整を済ませた会社員は、通常すでに所得税が精算されており申告は不要です。年末調整が標準的な控除を処理し、源泉徴収額を調整します。\n申告が必要・した方がよい場合\n副収入が20万円超、給与が2か所以上、自営・事業所得、精算されていない大きな投資・暗号資産の利益がある場合は、原則として確定申告が必要です。必須でなくても、多額の医療費・初年度の住宅ローン控除・寄付（一部のふるさと納税を含む）などの控除を受けるなら申告すべきです。2025年分の期間は2026年2月16日〜3月16日で、e-Taxを利用し各控除の記録を用意します。この日付を再利用せず、対象年の国税庁案内を確認してください。\n書類・e-Tax・専門家に相談する場合\n各勤務先の源泉徴収票、マイナンバー情報、控除証明書、寄付・医療費の記録、還付先口座を保管します。e-Taxは国税庁の申告窓口です。住民税は自治体が扱い、通常は国税の申告所得情報を引き継ぎます。健康保険料と年金保険料は、給与明細で税と並んでいても住民税ではなく、別の社会保険制度です。\n国外所得・国外資産、居住区分、複数国、事業、暗号資産取引、官公署からの通知、源泉徴収の不一致がある場合は申告前に税理士へ相談します。住民税の請求は自治体、社会保険・年金の記録は勤務先・保険者・年金事務所・日本年金機構に確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file","faq:tax-crypto","faq:freelance-blue-return"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:furusato-nozei-explained","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-etax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"e-Tax 国税電子申告・納税システム","url":"https://www.e-tax.nta.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-2025-return","publisher":"国税庁","title":"令和7年分 確定申告特集","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/shinkoku/tokushu/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor:ja","entityId":"guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で個人事業主になる","plainText":"税務署に開業届と青色申告承認申請を同時に提出し、クラウド会計を整え、利益の20〜35%を税金用に積み立てましょう。\n開業届・青色申告と、フリーランスが最初に整える仕組み。\n開業届で個人事業主に登録（無料・簡単）。\n同時に青色申告承認申請で控除を確保。\nクラウド会計（freee・マネーフォワード）で帳簿を。\n利益の20〜35%を税・年金・保険用に積立。\n立ち上げの手順\n所轄の税務署に開業届を提出して登録します。開始からおよそ1か月以内が理想です。同時に青色申告承認申請書を出し、最大65万円の控除と損失の繰越を確保します。記録を整えるため事業用の銀行口座・カードを検討し、在留資格が自営を認めるか確認しましょう。\n整えるお金の仕組み\n継続的な作業は記帳で、freeeやマネーフォワード クラウドが銀行・カードの取引取込と青色申告書類・e-Taxデータ作成の大半を自動化します。所得税・住民税・国民年金・国民健康保険を自分で払うため、多くの人は入金ごとに20〜35%を別の税金用口座へ移し、申告時に驚かないようにしています。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/becoming-a-sole-proprietor","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-open","faq:freelance-blue-return","faq:freelance-reserve","faq:freelance-health-insurance"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi"],"guides":["guide:invoice-system-explained"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-blue","publisher":"国税庁","title":"青色申告制度","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"immi-residence","publisher":"出入国在留管理庁","title":"出入国在留管理庁","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:invoice-system-explained:ja","entityId":"guide:invoice-system-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"インボイス制度の解説","plainText":"2023年10月以降、取引先は仕入税額控除に登録番号（T番号）が必要です。登録すると課税事業者になるため、取引先構成と照らして判断を。\n適格請求書等保存方式が小規模事業者に意味すること、登録すべきか。\n制度は2023年10月1日に開始。\n登録事業者はT番号つきの請求書を発行。\n登録すると消費税の課税事業者になる。\n登録の要否は取引先次第。\n何が変わったか\n適格請求書等保存方式では、事業者である買い手は、登録事業者のT番号がある請求書でなければ仕入税額控除を受けられません。以前は免税点以下の小規模事業者からでも買い手は控除できましたが、現在は未登録事業者からの仕入れに対する経過措置の控除が数年かけて段階的に縮小します。そのため一部の取引先はフリーランスに登録を求めるようになりました。\n登録すべきか\nこれは本当のトレードオフです。取引先が適格請求書を必要とする事業者なら、未登録は失注や税の自己負担につながり得ます。取引先が消費者や免税の小規模事業者なら、登録は利点なく消費税コストと事務だけを増やすことも。取引先構成を整理し、登録による消費税コストを見積もり、判断が微妙なら税理士に相談してから決めましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/invoice-system-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-invoice"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-invoice","publisher":"国税庁","title":"インボイス制度（適格請求書等保存方式）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスにかかる税金の全体像","plainText":"個人事業主は、所得税（累進・国税）、住民税（約10%・翌年請求）に加え、国民年金と国民健康保険を払います。いずれも経費と控除を引いた所得が基準です。\n個人事業主が払う所得税・住民税・年金・健康保険の4つと、そのつながり。\n課税されるのは売上ではなく利益（売上−経費−控除）です。\n所得税は累進の国税、住民税は約10%で1年遅れて請求されます。\n国民年金は定額、国民健康保険は所得連動です。\n青色申告や年金系の所得控除が、課税ベースを下げる主な手段です。\n4つの支払いと、共通の課税ベース\n支払いのほとんどは一つの数字、つまり売上から必要経費を引いた「事業所得（利益）」から計算されます。そこから基礎控除・青色申告特別控除・社会保険料控除・小規模企業共済・iDeCoなどの所得控除を差し引いて課税所得を求めます。国の所得税はこれに累進課税され、住民税は同様のベースに約10%が加わります。\n社会保険の2つは税金と並びます。国民年金は毎年決まる定額の保険料、国民健康保険は前年所得をもとに自治体が計算します。住民税も健康保険も前年基準のため、支払いは所得に遅れて来ます。稼いだ翌年に請求が重くなるため、多くの人が1年目に驚きます。\n実際に負担を下げるもの\n効くのは主に3つです。第一に、正当な経費を証憑つきで漏れなく計上すること。第二に、青色申告で特別控除（複式簿記＋電子申告で最大65万円）と損失の繰越を使うこと。第三に、自営向けの控除できる退職・年金制度、すなわち小規模企業共済・iDeCo・国民年金基金を使い、課税所得を下げつつ自分の備えを作ることです。\n申告時にまとめて向き合うのではなく、入金ごとに税金を取り分けましょう。目安は4つ合計で利益の20〜35%、所得税は累進のため所得が上がるほど比率も上げます。基礎控除や所得の壁は近年の改正で動いているため、その年の税率・区分・控除額を申告前に必ず確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/freelancer-income-tax-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-what-taxes","faq:freelance-reserve","faq:freelance-health-insurance"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-blue","publisher":"国税庁","title":"青色申告制度","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-business-expenses","publisher":"国税庁","title":"必要経費","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"青色申告と白色申告の違い","plainText":"青色申告は複式簿記に対し最大65万円控除・損失繰越・専従者給与などで報い、白色申告は簡単な代わりにこれらがありません。\n青色申告で得られるもの、その代わりに求められること、白色で十分な場面。\n青色申告は事前承認が必要。青色申告承認申請書を期限内に提出します。\n65万円控除は複式簿記＋電子申告か電子帳簿保存が条件。満たさないと55万円か10万円です。\n青色は損失を3年繰り越せ、家族への給与も経費にできます。\n白色申告は簡易な記帳で済みますが、特別控除はありません。\n青色申告で得られるもの\n目玉は特別控除です。複式簿記で記帳し電子申告する（または要件を満たす電子帳簿を保存する）と、事業所得から最大65万円を控除できます。複式簿記でも紙申告なら55万円、簡易な単式簿記のみだと10万円に下がります。控除に加え、青色申告者は事業の損失を3年間繰り越して将来の利益と相殺でき、事業に従事する家族への給与も経費にできます。\n承認は自動ではありません。青色申告承認申請書を期限内に提出する必要があり、原則は開業から2か月以内、または当年から適用するなら3月15日までです。逃すとその年は白色で申告し、翌年から青色を適用します。\n白色で十分な場面と、ソフトが埋める差\n白色申告でも記帳と証憑保存は必要で、「白色＝帳簿なし」という古い理解は当てはまりません。そのため青色の追加負担は見た目ほど大きくなく、安定収入があれば控除が手間を十分に上回ります。控除が小さくなるごく小規模な事業や、たたむ途中の事業では白色も合理的です。\nクラウド会計が手間の大半を取り除きます。freee・マネーフォワード クラウド・弥生は、取り込んだ銀行・カードのデータから複式簿記を作り、青色申告書類とe-Taxファイルを生成します。多くのフリーランスにとって、青色を選びソフトに記帳を任せるのが素直な正解です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/blue-vs-white-return-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-blue-return","faq:freelance-which-software"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi"],"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-blue","publisher":"国税庁","title":"青色申告制度","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-bookkeeping","publisher":"国税庁","title":"帳簿書類の保存","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2080.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:consumption-tax-freelancers-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:consumption-tax-freelancers-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスの消費税","plainText":"原則、基準期間の課税売上が1,000万円を超えるまで免税ですが、インボイス登録をするとそれに関係なく課税事業者になります。簡易課税や2割特例が負担を和らげます。\n課税事業者になる条件、インボイスが免税を上書きする仕組み、簡易課税と2割特例。\n基準期間（2年前）の課税売上が1,000万円以下なら免税です。\n前年上半期の特定期間の判定で課税事業者になることもあります。\nインボイス登録をすると、1,000万円以下でも課税事業者になります。\n簡易課税や2割特例で、計算・納付額を抑えられることがあります。\n自分は課税事業者？\n基本の判定は2年前を見ます。基準期間（個人なら2年前の年）の課税売上が1,000万円以下なら免税事業者で、消費税を預かることも納めることもありません。さらに「特定期間」の判定があり、前年上半期の売上、または支払った給与が1,000万円を超えると早く課税事業者になります。したがって新規の個人事業主は、選択しない限り最初の数年は原則免税です。\nインボイス制度が前提を変えました。適格請求書発行事業者として登録しT番号を得ると、売上が1,000万円を大きく下回っても課税事業者になります。つまり多くの小規模フリーランスにとって本当の論点は1,000万円の壁ではなく、そもそもインボイス登録をするかどうかです。\n簡易課税と2割特例\n課税事業者でも、必ずしも仕入れごとに税を計算する必要はありません。簡易課税（基準期間の売上5,000万円以下で選択可）では、業種ごとの一定率で控除する仕入税額を見積もるため手間が大きく減ります。別に、時限の「2割特例」により、新たに登録した多くの小規模事業者は売上に対する税の2割だけを納めればよく、負担と事務が大きく軽くなっています。\nこれらは日付に敏感で見直しが進んでいます。2割特例は2026年の切替を含む課税期間まで、未登録事業者からの仕入れに対する買い手側の経過措置の控除は2026年10月から80%→50%に下がります。適用可否・選択・終了日はいずれもあなたの課税年次第のため、頼る前に国税庁または税理士で最新の状況を確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/consumption-tax-freelancers-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-consumption-tax-when","faq:freelance-invoice"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:invoice-system-explained","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-consumption-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"納税義務の免除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-simplified-consumption","publisher":"国税庁","title":"簡易課税制度","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6505.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-invoice-2wari","publisher":"国税庁","title":"消費税の軽減税率・インボイス制度（2割特例等）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-invoice","publisher":"国税庁","title":"インボイス制度（適格請求書等保存方式）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスの経費と控除","plainText":"事業のための費用を、証憑を残して計上します。自宅・電話・車などの家事関連費は合理的な根拠で按分し、高額な機材は減価償却します。\n必要経費の範囲、家事按分の考え方、機材の減価償却。\n控除できるのは事業目的の費用だけ。領収書を残し、目的を記録します。\n家事関連費は合理的で再現できる家事按分が必要です。\n自宅の一室は面積・使用割合による按分で、家賃全額の控除ではありません。\n少額の基準を超える機材は一括経費ではなく減価償却します。\n経費になるものと、その証明\n必要経費とは、事業所得を得るために支出した費用です。消耗品、ソフトのサブスク、専門家報酬、取引先への交通費、通信費などが該当します。判断基準は事業目的で、示す責任は自分にあります。領収書・請求書を残し、保存要件に沿って電子取引データを保管し、分かりにくいものは事業目的を記録しましょう。クラウド会計は取込取引を科目に紐づけて楽にしますが、事業関連かどうかは判定しません。そこは自分の判断です。\n生活と仕事の両方に使う費用（自宅の家賃・光熱費、電話、車など）は、事業分だけを家事按分して計上します。自宅なら面積、電話なら使用時間の割合など、合理的で再現できる基準を用い、方法を書き残し、一貫して適用します。引越しや働き方の変化があれば按分を見直しましょう。\n機材と減価償却\n安価な道具は購入した年の経費になりますが、高額なものは一括ではなく、耐用年数にわたる減価償却で費用化します。少額資産には特例があり、全額経費にできる金額基準や、青色申告者が1件あたり上限まで即時に費用化できる特例（年間の上限あり）があります。これらの基準や耐用年数表は国税庁が定め変わるため、パソコン・カメラ・机の処理を決める前に最新の数値を確認してください。\n実務の習慣はシンプルです。何を、いつ、いくらで買い、事業使用割合はいくつか、を記録します。会計ソフトが償却スケジュールを適用しますが、それは資産を正しく登録し購入証憑を残した場合に限られます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/business-expenses-deductions-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-what-expenses","faq:freelance-blue-return"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi"],"guides":["guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-business-expenses","publisher":"国税庁","title":"必要経費","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-depreciation","publisher":"国税庁","title":"減価償却のあらまし・少額減価償却資産","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-bookkeeping","publisher":"国税庁","title":"帳簿書類の保存","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2080.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"自営業の年金と健康保険","plainText":"個人事業主は国民年金（定額）と国民健康保険（所得連動・自治体が請求）に加入し、いずれも全額自己負担で払い、任意の上乗せで将来の給付を増やせます。\n自分で払う国民年金と国民健康保険、そして不足を埋める任意の上乗せ。\n労使折半はなく、両方の保険料を全額自分で払います。\n国民年金は年度ごとに決まる定額です。\n国民健康保険は所得連動で、自治体が金額を決めます。\n任意の上乗せ（付加年金・国民年金基金・iDeCo）で将来の給付を増やせます。\n加入する2つの制度\n会社員から自営になると、多くは厚生年金・健康保険から国民年金・国民健康保険へ切り替わります。国民年金は定額の保険料で、令和8年度（2026年度）は月17,920円。所得に関係なく一律で、前納割引や低所得者向けの免除・猶予の手続きがあります。国民健康保険は異なり、自治体が前年所得から保険料を計算するため、稼いだ翌年に上がり、年間の上限が設けられています。\nどちらの切替も自己責任で、期限があります。退職時は原則、国民健康保険への加入（または元の保険を最長2年継続）に短い期限があり、年金の種別変更は市区町村の窓口で届け出ます。逃すと未加入期間や後日の請求が生じます。\n保障の不足を埋める\n自営は会社の拠出と引き換えに自由を得ますが、現実の不足も残ります。会社員より将来の年金が少なく、多くの人に傷病時の所得補償がありません。付加年金で年金の底上げを安く行い、国民年金基金やiDeCoでより大きな、控除できる上乗せを足せます。病気で失う収入には、就業不能保険や現金のバッファが、会社員の傷病手当金の代わりになります。\n2つのルールが効率を生みます。国民年金・国民健康保険の保険料は社会保険料控除の対象で、上記の退職・年金制度も別枠で所得控除になります。つまり自分の備えに回すお金が今年の税も下げます。だからこそ姉妹ガイドでは、自営の退職準備を一つの計画として扱います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-health-insurance","faq:freelance-retirement-toolkit"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nenkin-kokumin","publisher":"日本年金機構","title":"国民年金保険料","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/kokunen/hokenryo/hokenryo.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jps-international","publisher":"日本年金機構","title":"日本年金機構 国際関連ページ","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mhlw-insurance","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"健康保険・公的保険の案内","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"自営業の退職準備ツールキット","plainText":"自営業者は控除できる制度を重ねられます。小規模企業共済（年最大84万円）、iDeCoと国民年金基金（合算で年最大81.6万円）、低コストの付加年金で、退職準備をしつつ課税所得を下げます。\n小規模企業共済・iDeCo・国民年金基金・付加年金という、控除できる制度の組み合わせ方。\n小規模企業共済：月1,000〜70,000円、全額控除、自作の退職金。\n自営のiDeCo：月最大68,000円、国民年金基金と合算の枠。\n付加年金は、国の年金の底上げを安く行う方法です。\nいずれも所得控除で、将来を作りながら今年の税を下げます。\n控除できる3つの層\n自営業者は会社員より公的年金が薄いため、日本にはその差を埋める制度があり、いずれも課税所得を下げます。小規模企業共済は小規模事業者向けで、月1,000〜70,000円（年最大84万円）を全額控除で積み立て、廃業・引退時に一時金または年金で受け取れます。実質的に自作の退職金です。iDeCo（個人型確定拠出年金）は自営業者なら月最大68,000円を拠出でき、この上限は国民年金基金と共通のため、一つの枠を両者で配分します。付加年金は国民年金保険料に少額の定額を足し、生涯の国の年金を安く増やします。\nこれらの拠出はすべて所得から控除されます（小規模企業共済等掛金控除、iDeCo・基金の掛金、社会保険料控除）。将来のために取り分けた1円が、今年の課税ベースも1円下げる、めずらしい二重の利点です。\n無理のない順序と、ひとつの注意\nよくある順序はこうです。まず義務の国民年金を確実に払い（安い付加年金を足す）、次に小規模企業共済で、借入も廃業時の解約もできる柔軟で控除可能な積立を行い、そのうえでiDeCoを60歳まで引き出せない長期の退職資金に充てます。金額はキャッシュフローに合わせましょう。いずれも約束事で、小規模企業共済は早期の任意解約で元本割れの可能性があり、iDeCoは制度上ロックされます。\nひとつ注意です。一時金の税務は、iDeCo・共済・退職金にまたがる受取時期のルールで決まり、その規定は厳格化されています。大きな一時金を見込むなら、退職所得控除が重複で減らないよう、受取の順序と年を専門家と設計してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-retirement-toolkit","faq:freelance-health-insurance"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"smrj-kyosai","publisher":"独立行政法人 中小企業基盤整備機構","title":"小規模企業共済","url":"https://www.smrj.go.jp/kyosai/skyosai/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"ideco-official-freelance","publisher":"国民年金基金連合会","title":"iDeCo公式サイト","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"kokumin-nenkin-kikin","publisher":"国民年金基金連合会","title":"国民年金基金","url":"https://www.npfa.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nenkin-kokumin","publisher":"日本年金機構","title":"国民年金保険料","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/kokunen/hokenryo/hokenryo.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:side-business-tax-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:side-business-tax-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"会社員の副業と税金","plainText":"よく言われる20万円以下でも申告が必要な場合があり、その副収入が事業所得か雑所得かは、事業的に運営し帳簿をつけているかで主に決まります。\n副収入で申告が要る場面、20万円ルールの本当の意味、事業所得と雑所得の区分。\n20万円は一部の会社員の申告義務の基準で、非課税枠ではありません。\nそれ以下でも、自治体への住民税申告が必要な場合があります。\n事業所得か雑所得かは、事業的な活動と記帳の有無で決まります。\n事業所得は青色申告と損益通算が使え、雑所得は使えません。\nそもそも申告は必要？\n「副収入が20万円以下なら会社員は確定申告不要」という説明が広く出回ります。これは本当ですが限定的です。年末調整で完結する一部の会社員の、国の所得税の申告義務に関する話で、非課税枠ではありません。当てはまる場合でも、自治体はその所得について別途の住民税申告を求めることがあります。「20万円以下なら何もしない」はしばしば誤りです。\n副収入がこれより大きい、勤務先が2か所ある、医療費控除や住宅ローン控除（初年）などを受けたい場合は、副収入を含めて確定申告します。迷ったら申告が安全な既定値で、特に住民税側は見落としやすい点です。\n事業所得か雑所得か\n副収入の区分は大きく影響します。事業所得は青色申告・最大65万円控除・他の所得との損益通算が使えますが、雑所得は使えません。国税庁の明確化により、判断の決め手は社会通念上その活動が事業として行われているか——継続性・規模・労力、そして何より適切な帳簿と証憑の保存です。記帳があれば概ね事業所得、なければ、またはごく小規模で偶発的なら雑所得に傾きます。\nしたがって副業を本当の事業にするつもりなら、最初から事業として扱いましょう。開業届と青色申告承認申請を出し、会計ソフトで複式簿記をつけ、契約書と領収書を残します。これは事業所得としての扱いを支え、後の完全独立への準備にもなります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/side-business-tax-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-side-business","faq:freelance-open"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-income-vs-misc","publisher":"国税庁","title":"事業所得の課税のしくみ（事業所得）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1350.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:getting-paid-invoicing-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:getting-paid-invoicing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"報酬の受け取り：請求書と源泉徴収","plainText":"明確な請求書（登録者はT番号入り）を発行し、特定の報酬は約10%が源泉徴収されて振り込まれることを見込み、申告時にその源泉税を精算して二重取りにならないようにします。\n取引先への請求、報酬が減って振り込まれる理由（源泉徴収）、資金繰りを保つ工夫。\n適切な請求書には、業務内容・金額・税・支払条件、登録者はT番号を記載します。\n個人への一定の報酬（原稿・デザイン・講演など）は源泉で約10.21%が引かれます。\n源泉税は前払いです。申告で精算しないと取り戻せません。\nタイミング管理を。支払遅延や取引先ごとの条件差にバッファを持ちます。\n請求書を上手に出す\n良い請求書は摩擦を減らし、入金を早めます。自分と取引先を明記し、業務内容を記し、金額と消費税を示し、支払期日と口座を書き、インボイス登録済みならT番号を入れて取引先が仕入税額控除を受けられるようにします。MakeLeaps・Misoca・boardなどの請求ツールは適合した請求書を作り、入金・未入金を管理し、控えを保存します。英語対応のものもあり、海外の取引先への請求に役立ちます。\n自分の控えを残し、入金と照合しましょう。消費税の登録者なら、適格請求書の様式に必須項目があるため、普通の書類ではなく、それを満たすツールや雛形を使ってください。\n報酬が減って振り込まれる理由\n個人に支払われる一定の報酬——原稿・デザイン・翻訳・講演や一部の士業報酬など——について、支払う会社は源泉所得税として約10.21%を差し引き、あなたに代わって税務署に納めます。10万円の報酬が約89,790円で着金するのはこのためです。これは損ではなく所得税の前払いです。申告時に、取引先の支払調書に示された源泉税を合計して納税額から差し引くため、しばしば還付になります。\n実務上の要点が2つ。取引先ごとに源泉を記録し、申告で全額を精算すること（漏らすと二重払いになります）。そして資金繰りを設計すること。請求・源泉・消費税・支払遅延はいずれも現金を動かすため、バッファを持ち、遅い取引先で資金が危うくなるなら、フリーランス向けに請求書の即日払い（有料）サービスもあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/getting-paid-invoicing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-withholding","faq:freelance-invoice"],"products":["product:makeleaps","product:misoca","product:board","product:freenance"],"guides":["guide:invoice-system-explained","guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-withholding","publisher":"国税庁","title":"源泉徴収が必要な報酬・料金","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-invoice","publisher":"国税庁","title":"インボイス制度（適格請求書等保存方式）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスの会計ソフトの選び方","plainText":"freeeは案内型の記帳を求める初心者、マネーフォワード クラウドは柔軟性と連携を求める人、弥生は実績と専門家の習熟が強い定番です。ブランドではなく現行プランと機能で比較しましょう。\nfreee・マネーフォワード クラウド・弥生の違いと、自分の働き方への合わせ方。\n3つとも銀行・カードを取り込み、複式簿記を作り、青色申告書類とe-Taxデータを出力します。\nfreeeは案内型で初心者に優しく、マネーフォワード クラウドは柔軟で連携が豊富です。\n弥生は最も実績が長く、税理士の習熟が広いです。\nプラン単位で比較を。機能・サポートはプランで異なり、画面は日本語のみです。\n3つの違い\n主要3ツールの中核機能は同じで——銀行・カードと連携し、取引を複式簿記に仕訳し、青色申告書類とe-Taxファイルを作ります——違いは進め方にあります。freeeは会計用語を隠す案内型の設計で、初めての申告者に最も取っつきやすいと感じられがちです。マネーフォワード クラウドは記帳をより見せ、連携が豊富で、柔軟性や将来の拡大を求める人に向きます。弥生はデスクトップとクラウドを持つ老舗で、税理士の習熟が最も深く、後で専門家に引き継ぎやすいです。\nいずれも英語画面はないため、多少の日本語や二カ国語の助けを見込みましょう。案内型か柔軟型かが本当の選択なので、ブランドや表示価格だけでなく、体験版で操作を試してから決めてください。\n自分の働き方に合わせる\n自分の状況から始めましょう。初めての申告で会計に馴染みがないなら、案内型が誤りを減らします。収入源が多い、決済・請求ツールとの連携が要る、将来法人化を見込むなら、柔軟性を重視します。すでに税理士と組んでいるなら、最も対応しやすいツールを尋ねましょう。専門家との相性が、小さな機能差より効くことがあります。\nどれを選んでも価値は継続的な利用から生まれます。口座を一度つなぎ、毎月照合し、証憑を都度添付すれば、申告期は格闘ではなく確認になります。具体的な組み合わせは、フリーランス・事業のメインページの比較表と一騎打ち解説で検討してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/choosing-accounting-software-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-which-software","faq:freelance-blue-return"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi"],"guides":["guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","guide:getting-paid-invoicing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"freee","publisher":"フリー株式会社","title":"freee会計","url":"https://www.freee.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mf-cloud","publisher":"株式会社マネーフォワード","title":"マネーフォワード クラウド","url":"https://biz.moneyforward.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"yayoi","publisher":"弥生株式会社","title":"弥生会計","url":"https://www.yayoi-kk.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"個人事業主と法人：いつ法人化するか","plainText":"法人化は利益が大きいと節税になり、信用と有限責任を得られますが、固定費・事務・社会保険の義務が増えます。多くは、安定した利益・取引先の要件・成長計画が負担を正当化した時点で法人化します。\n個人事業主のままか法人化かの実際のトレードオフと、判断を傾ける兆候。\n個人事業主は最も簡単で低コスト、法人は仕組みとコストが増えます。\n利益が高く継続すれば、法人税率が個人の最高税率を下回ることがあります。\n法人は有限責任・採用のしやすさ・取引先からの信用を得られます。\n切替は固定費・社会保険加入・多くは税理士が加わります。\n中核のトレードオフ\n個人事業主は軽量な既定値で、開業はほぼ無料、申告は簡単、支配は完全です。法人は別の法人格で、人が法人化する3つの理由をもたらします。利益が大きいときの節税（法人税率の上限は個人所得税の最高税率よりかなり低い）、事業リスクを個人資産から切り離す有限責任、そして一部の取引先が法人への請求を好む・求めるための信用です。対して現実のコストがあります。設立費用、赤字でもかかる年間の均等割、社会保険への強制加入、複雑になる会計、そしてほぼ全員に必要な税理士です。\n唯一の魔法の数字はありませんが、転換点はたいてい組み合わせです。税差が固定費を上回るほど利益が高く安定していること、加えて採用・資金調達・大型契約・法人としか取引しない相手といった税以外の理由です。\n時期を示す兆候\nきりのよい売上額ではなく、具体的な兆候を見ましょう。利益がしばらく高めの所得税区分に十分入っている、消費税が避けられなくなり法人の2年の免税枠が時期の助けになり得る、自分に役員報酬を払い世帯で所得を分けたい、従業員を雇う、主要な取引先が法人との契約を求める——いずれか一つでも動機になり、複数重なれば明確です。\n兆候があれば、書類を出す前にきちんと試算しましょう。税理士は、個人事業主と法人であなた固有の税・社会保険の結果を比較できます。決めた後は、freeeやマネーフォワードの会社設立サービスが書類を用意します。次に会社の種類のガイドが、合同会社と株式会社の選択を助けます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-incorporate-when","faq:freelance-kk-vs-gk"],"products":["product:freee-kaisha-setup","product:mf-kaisha-setup","product:zeirishi-dot-com"],"guides":["guide:types-of-company-japan","guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"moj-commercial-registration","publisher":"法務省・法務局","title":"商業・法人登記","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/houjintouki.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"meti-startup","publisher":"経済産業省","title":"創業・新事業支援","url":"https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/newbusiness/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:types-of-company-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:types-of-company-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"会社の種類：株式会社・合同会社ほか","plainText":"合同会社（GK・LLCに近い）は設立も運営も安く簡単、株式会社（KK）は費用が高い一方で信用が最も高く株式を発行できます。多くの一人創業者は、取引先や資金調達が株式会社を求めない限り合同会社から始めます。\n株式会社と合同会社の実務的な違いと、小規模創業者が多くこの2つから選ぶ理由。\n合同会社も株式会社も有限責任と独立の法人格を持ちます。\n合同会社は設立が安い——定款認証が不要で登録免許税も低めです。\n株式会社は社会的信用が最も高く、株式発行で資金調達ができます。\n合同会社で始め、必要に応じて後で株式会社へ組織変更もできます。\n合同会社と株式会社の実際\n小規模事業では2つの形態が主流です。株式会社（KK）はなじみのある「会社」で、信用が最も高く、株式発行で資金調達ができ、一部の取引先や投資家が期待します。ただ設立費用が高く（定款の認証と高めの登録免許税が必要）、機関設計の形式も伴います。合同会社（GK）はLLCを手本とし、同じ有限責任と法人格を、より安く簡単な設立で得られます——定款認証は不要、登録免許税も低め、内部の取り決めも柔軟です。世界的企業の日本法人にも合同会社は多く、形態としての信用はありますが、一般的な知名度はなお株式会社が上です。\n古い形態の合名会社・合資会社は、社員が無限責任または混合の責任を負い、新規事業ではまれな選択です。多くの一人創業者・小規模チームにとって、本当の選択は合同会社か株式会社かです。\n選び方と、余地を残す\nコストと簡便さが最重要で、外部の株式資本や最大の知名度が不要なら合同会社を。フリーランスが一人の事業を正式化する一般的な選択です。投資を受ける見込みがある、企業取引先への信用を最大化したい、株主を迎える可能性があるなら株式会社を。迷うなら、合同会社は後で株式会社へ組織変更できるため、小さく始めて必要が具体化したら上げるのも合理的です。\nいずれも、設立は法務局での登記手続きと税務署への各種届出で、会社設立サービスや司法書士が書類を扱えます。費用・資本金・機関のルールは法律で定められ折々変わるため、申請前に現行の金額と要件を確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/types-of-company-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-kk-vs-gk","faq:freelance-incorporate-when"],"products":["product:freee-kaisha-setup","product:mf-kaisha-setup"],"guides":["guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","guide:business-visa-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"moj-commercial-registration","publisher":"法務省・法務局","title":"商業・法人登記","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/houjintouki.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"meti-startup","publisher":"経済産業省","title":"創業・新事業支援","url":"https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/newbusiness/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:hiring-family-outsourcing-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:hiring-family-outsourcing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"家族への給与と外注","plainText":"青色申告者は、事業に専従する家族への妥当な給与を（届出のうえ）経費にできます。従業員や一定の報酬を払うと、支払者として源泉徴収と納付の義務を負います。\n青色事業専従者給与の仕組みと、外注・従業員に払うときの源泉徴収義務。\n青色申告者は、妥当で事前届出のある家族専従者給与を経費にできます。\n家族は事業に専従する必要があり、その給与は本人の課税所得です。\n従業員や一定の報酬を払うと、あなたは源泉徴収義務者になります。\n従業員は労働保険、規模により社会保険の義務を生みます。\n家族に給与を払う\n通常、配偶者や親族への給与は経費にできませんが、青色申告には例外があります。事業に専従する家族従業員（青色事業専従者）への給与は、事前に必要な届出を出し、仕事に見合う妥当な金額であれば経費にできます。これは世帯内で所得を移し全体の税を下げられますが、その給与は家族本人の課税所得になり、「事業に専従」の条件は実質的なので、別にフルタイムの職がある人への名目給与は認められません。\n説明できる形にしましょう。届出を期限内に出し、職務と相場に整合する金額を、実際に支払い、記録を残します。過大な家族給与はよくある調査対象です。\n外注・従業員に払うとき\n他者に支払うと、支払者の義務を負います。従業員を雇うと、原則としてその所得税を源泉徴収し、年末調整を行い、労働保険（労災、該当すれば雇用保険）に加入させます。一定規模では健康保険・厚生年金も適用されます。従業員がいなくても、個人への一定の報酬——あなた自身の請求から源泉される種別と同じ——を払うと、源泉徴収して納付する側になり得ます。\n他の事業者やフリーランスへの純粋な外注なら、通常は請求を支払うだけですが、契約と記録を残し、インボイス制度に留意します。仕入税額控除には登録事業者の適格請求書が必要です。給与計算や源泉が複雑になれば、税理士や給与ソフトを入れる自然なタイミングです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/hiring-family-outsourcing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-family-salary","faq:freelance-withholding"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","guide:getting-paid-invoicing-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-family-employee","publisher":"国税庁","title":"青色事業専従者給与と事業専従者控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2075.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-withholding","publisher":"国税庁","title":"源泉徴収が必要な報酬・料金","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:subsidies-grants-small-business-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:subsidies-grants-small-business-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"中小・個人事業の補助金と助成金","plainText":"日本には補助金（競争的・上限あり・支出後に精算）と助成金（要件を満たせば受給、多くは労務関連）があります。公式ポータルで探し、多くは採択・支出の後払いのため資金繰りを計画しましょう。\n補助金と助成金の違い、探し方、後払い（精算）の仕組み。\n補助金は競争的で上限があり、多くは支出後に精算されます。\n助成金は要件を満たせば受給でき、多くは雇用・労務関連です。\njGrantsや中小企業庁などの公式ポータルに現行制度が載ります。\n多くは採択・支出の後払い。資金の谷を見込み、証憑を残します。\n2種類の支援\n中小・個人事業への公的支援は大きく2つに分かれます。補助金は中小企業庁や各省庁が、設備・IT導入・小規模事業の持続化や再構築といった特定の目的に向けて出し、競争的です。計画を添えて申請し、上限と自己負担割合があり、採択されるのは一部です。助成金は多くが厚生労働省で、要件充足型です。条件（多くは採用・訓練・労働条件の改善に関するもの）を満たせば定額を受け取れます。用語は完全には統一されていないため、名称より各制度のルールを読みましょう。\nどちらも多くは後払いです。通常、採択→支出→証憑つきで報告→受給、と進み、受け取りは数か月後のこともあります。費用を立て替え、丁寧に記録できる事業ほど有利です。\n探し方と上手な使い方\nまとめサイトより公式から始めましょう。jGrantsでは多くの国の補助金をオンラインで検索・申請でき、中小企業庁は現行制度を公表し、自治体や商工会議所も独自の制度を持ちます。よろず支援拠点や商工会議所は申請の設計を助けます。制度は回ごとに開閉し毎年変わるため、計画に組み込む前に日程と現行条件を直接確認してください。\n補助金は、どのみち進める計画の後押しと捉え、支出の理由にはしないことです。資格と報告義務を先に読み、見積・請求書・支払証憑をすべて残し、精算の遅れを資金繰りに織り込みます。目的外利用や未報告は返還になり得るため、証憑の徹底も条件のうちです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/subsidies-grants-small-business-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-subsidies","faq:freelance-incorporate-when"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"jgrants","publisher":"デジタル庁・中小企業庁","title":"jGrants 補助金申請ポータル","url":"https://www.jgrants-portal.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"smea-guide","publisher":"経済産業省 中小企業庁","title":"中小企業庁","url":"https://www.chusho.meti.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"meti-startup","publisher":"経済産業省","title":"創業・新事業支援","url":"https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/newbusiness/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:business-visa-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:business-visa-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"自営・独立と在留資格","plainText":"自営や会社経営が可能かは在留資格によります。永住者や一部の家族・配偶者資格は自由度が高く、就労ビザは活動に紐づき、会社経営は多くの場合「経営・管理」資格に向かいます。始める前に確認しましょう。\n在留資格で自営が可能か、経営・管理ビザの要件。\n自営の可否は希望ではなく在留資格が決めます。\n永住者や一部の配偶者・家族資格は幅広い自営が可能です。\n活動に基づく就労ビザは、変更なしに独立事業を認めない場合があります。\n会社経営は通常「経営・管理」資格とその要件が必要です。\n自分の資格で自営はできるか\n在留資格が、収入を得る活動の外枠を決めます。永住者、日本人の配偶者等や定住者などの資格は、概してフリーランスや起業の自由度が高いです。活動に基づく就労ビザ（例：技術・人文知識・国際業務）は特定の就労を認めるもので、独立したフリーランスや自分の会社の経営は、資格変更や許可なしにはその枠外となることがあります。留学生や家族滞在は、許可された活動の範囲でのみ働けます。安全策は、誰かに請求する前に自分の資格を確認することです。\nこれは税の登録とは別です。税務署への開業届は入管の許可を与えず、その逆もありません。両方をそろえる必要があります。\n経営・管理の道\n日本で会社を経営するつもりなら、「経営・管理」資格が通常の道です。実体のある事業が求められます。物理的な事務所、中身のある事業計画、そして歴史的に数百万円規模を中心としてきた資本または規模の要件（ルールは見直し中で折々厳格化）です。実在の事業を経営するために与えられるもので、在留の近道ではなく、更新では事業が実際に動いているかが見られます。\n基準は細かく、変化し、影響も大きいため、専門家と正しく進める領域です。資格は入管専門の行政書士・弁護士、会社は税理士に。本稿を含むオンラインの要約は入口の案内にとどめ、時間やお金を投じる前に出入国在留管理庁で現行要件を確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/business-visa-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-visa","faq:freelance-incorporate-when"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","guide:types-of-company-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"immi-business-manager","publisher":"出入国在留管理庁","title":"在留資格「経営・管理」","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/applications/status/businessmanager.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"immi-residence","publisher":"出入国在留管理庁","title":"出入国在留管理庁","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の公的保険と民間保険","plainText":"公的健康保険で多くの自己負担は約3割、高額療養費で月の負担に上限。自分で賄えない具体的な不足がある場合だけ民間保険を。\n公的保障で足りる範囲と、追加の要否の判断。\n公的健康保険で多くの費用の約7割をカバー。\n高額療養費が月の自己負担を所得別に上限化。\n公的年金に障害・遺族給付を含む。\n不安からでなく不足を埋めるために民間保険を。\n公的保障で既にカバーされる範囲\n健康保険への加入は義務で、多くの医療費の自己負担は約3割に抑えられます。さらに高額療養費制度が、所得区分ごとに月の自己負担に上限を設けるため、重い病気でも金銭的な上限があります。公的年金は老後だけでなく、障害・遺族の給付も行います。これを理解すると、不安をあおって売られる民間商品の買いすぎを防げます。\n追加の要否を決める\n3つを問いましょう。公的保障の後に残る不足は何か、自分で賄えない損失はどれほど大きいか、その不足を埋めるのに保険料は見合うか。最も分かりやすく有効なのは、扶養家族が収入に頼る場合の定期生命保険と、安価な個人賠償責任保険（多くの県で自転車保険が義務）です。医療・がんの上乗せは多くの人にとって任意の安心です。具体的な不足で判断し、必ず免責と代替手段を読みましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/public-vs-private-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":["faq:insurance-public-enough","faq:insurance-high-cost","faq:insurance-life-needed"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-insurance","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"健康保険・公的保険の案内","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"caa-insurance","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/hoken/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で生命保険は必要？","plainText":"生命保険が主に意味を持つのは、収入に頼る人がいる場合。その場合は定期保険が費用効率の良い選択です。\n生命保険が必要な場面と、定期と終身の違い。\n必要性は年齢でなく扶養家族で決まる。\n定期は一定期間を安く、終身は貯蓄付きで高コスト。\n公的年金の遺族給付を考慮する。\n保険金額は家族が直面する不足に合わせる。\n必要な場面\n生命保険は、あなたに頼る人（働いていない配偶者、子ども、住宅ローンなど共同債務を抱える家族）のために収入を補います。誰も収入に頼っていなければ通常は不要です。保険金額を決める前に、公的な遺族給付や既存の貯蓄で賄える分を差し引き、端数の切りの良い金額ではなく残る不足を保障しましょう。\n定期と終身\n定期保険は一定期間を低い保険料で保障し、扶養家族が必要な間に守る効率的な方法です。終身保険は貯蓄（解約返戻金）の要素を含み、同じ死亡保障でも大幅に高コストです。こうして保険と投資を混ぜるより、安い定期を買って差額を別に投資する方が効率的なことが多いです。貯蓄の売り文句ではなく、必要な保障で判断しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":["faq:insurance-life-needed","faq:insurance-public-enough"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-insurance","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"健康保険・公的保険の案内","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-eligibility-foreigners:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者の住宅ローン審査","plainText":"永住権は大きく有利です。ない場合は条件が厳しく頭金も多くなりがちですが、フラット35は永住権なしでも利用しやすいです。\n永住権・収入・フラット35が審査に与える影響。\n多くの銀行は永住権を重視・要件化。\n永住権なし：頭金増・保証人・フラット35。\n安定した長期雇用と収入が決め手。\n申込前にCIC・JICCの信用情報を確認。\n審査で重視される点\n銀行は安定した雇用・収入・年齢、そして特に永住権を評価します。永住権があれば、外国人居住者は日本人の申込者とほぼ同様に扱われることが多いです。永住権がないと、断る銀行、頭金の増額や日本国籍・永住者の保証人（多くは配偶者）を求める銀行があります。住宅金融支援機構が提携金融機関を通じて提供するフラット35は基準が明確で永住権を必ずしも求めず、非永住者の買い手によく使われる選択肢です。\n準備の仕方\n申込前に、安定収入と雇用の証明をそろえ、CIC・JICCで自分の信用情報を確認して、忘れていた延滞などの問題を洗い出しましょう。非永住者向けの条件は銀行差が大きいため複数比較し、頭金に加えて価格の6〜10%の諸費用も見込みましょう。\n永住権がない場合のルート\n永住権がなくても住宅ローンが不可能と決めつけず、専門のルートを整理しましょう。実務的な順序は、勤務先やデベロッパーの提携銀行→プレスティア（英語対応・最大5億円・保証料なし・購入と借換）→東京スター銀行（永住のない外国人向けに明示されたスターモーゲージ）→スルガ銀行（日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローン）→地方・取引銀行→国籍と在留の条件を満たせばフラット35、です。日本人配偶者や保証人のいる非永住者は、いない人より多くの銀行で検討され得ますが、配偶者は信用と返済能力の審査に代わりません。非永住者のプレミアムを、永住を待って後で借り換えるコストと不確実性と比べ、適格と決める前に各行の具体的な永住要件・頭金の想定・言語要件を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","faq:loan-credit-record","faq:loan-pr-mandatory","faq:loan-english-support"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:rent-vs-buy-japan","guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"cic-credit","publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","title":"指定信用情報機関 CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage loan","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"tokyostar-mortgage","publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","title":"Star Mortgage housing loan","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:rent-vs-buy-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:rent-vs-buy-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で賃貸か購入か","plainText":"滞在期間・職の安定・物件次第です。日本の多くの住宅は減価するため、まず住まい、次に投資と考えましょう。\n購入が自動的な資産形成にならない理由と、判断の枠組み。\n滞在期間と職の安定が判断の軸。\n日本の多くの住宅は減価し、売却も遅くなり得る。\n転居・出国の可能性があるなら賃貸が柔軟。\n月額でなく総コストと売却リスクを試算。\n正直な枠組み\n国によっては購入がほぼ確実に資産形成になりますが、日本はより微妙です。多くの住宅、特に古い木造は時間とともに減価し、売却のしやすさは立地で大きく異なるため、購入が自動的に投資の勝ちになるわけではありません。土地部分や優良地の物件は挙動が異なります。賃貸は柔軟で、仕事や居住国が変わり得る人には大きな意味があります。\n判断の仕方\n購入は、安定を重視し、永住権やフラット35を使え、全体像（頭金・諸費用6〜10%・維持管理費・固定資産税・金利リスク・現実的な売却額）を試算した長期居住者に向き得ます。数年以内に出国し得るなら、通常は柔軟性とコストの確実性で賃貸が有利です。営業の物語でなく、自分の数字で判断しましょう。\nシナリオで考える\n単一の損益分岐に頼らず、複数のシナリオを回しましょう。悲観・中央・楽観の売却額、値上がりゼロ、大規模修繕、3年・5年での早期売却です。賃貸側では月額家賃・更新料・敷金の損失・家賃上昇を、購入側では諸費用・住宅ローン・保有費用・売却額・売却費用・税効果・使わなかった現金の運用リターンを試算します。購入が有利になりがちなのは、想定保有期間が6〜10%の取引コストを吸収できるほど長く、大きな値引きなしに売れるほど物件の流動性が高いときだけです。まず保有期間と現金の厚さを決め、営業の物語でなく数字に判断させましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/rent-vs-buy-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-rent-vs-buy","faq:loan-closing-costs","faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-homes-depreciate"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","guide:rent-vs-buy-japan-guide","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-land","publisher":"国土交通省","title":"土地・不動産取引価格情報","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_tk5_000085.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mlit-real-estate-library","publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","title":"Real Estate Information Library","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money:ja","entityId":"guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本から海外へ最も安く送金する方法","plainText":"受取総額を仲値と比較しましょう。個人送金ではWiseやRevolutが銀行送金より安いことが多いです。\n手数料より為替マージンが重要な理由と、比較の仕方。\n為替マージンは見える手数料より高くつくことが多い。\n宣伝手数料でなく受取額で比較。\nWiseは仲値、Revolutはマルチカレンシー向き。\n銀行送金はSWIFT・中継銀行手数料が隠れがち。\nコストが隠れる場所\n宣伝される送金手数料はしばしば小さい方です。より大きいのは為替マージン、つまり提示レートと本当の仲値との差で、基準レートと比較しない限り見えません。従来の銀行送金は、経路の途中でSWIFTや中継銀行の手数料を差し引くこともあります。コストを確実に判断する唯一の方法は、受取人が実際に受け取る金額です。\n最も安くなりがちな方法\n多くの個人送金では、Wise（仲値と明示手数料）やRevolut（両替枠つきのマルチカレンシー口座）が銀行送金より安くなります。最適は金額・通貨・送金先で変わるため、実際の送金を2社ほどで試し、受取額を比較しましょう。大口では上限や報告要件も確認を。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/cheapest-way-to-send-money","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":["faq:remit-cheapest","faq:remit-hidden-fees","faq:remit-large-transfer"],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:receiving-money-from-abroad"]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"日本銀行","title":"決済システム","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:receiving-money-from-abroad:ja","entityId":"guide:receiving-money-from-abroad","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外から日本でお金を受け取る","plainText":"専門サービスは銀行送金より多く届くことがあります。課税されるかは、それが所得か、そして居住者区分によります。\n海外資金を安く受け取る方法と、税・報告が関わる場面。\n口座に着金する金額で提供元を比較。\n自分の貯蓄の受取と所得の受取は別。\n非永住者は送金された国外所得が課税され得る。\n大口は資金源の書類が必要なことも。\n安く受け取る\n受け取り側にも同じマージンの理屈が働きます。専門サービスやマルチカレンシー口座は、為替マージンや中継手数料で目減りしがちな従来の被仕向送金より、多くの円を届けることが多いです。実際に日本の口座に着金する額で比較しましょう。各送金が何か（貯蓄・給与・贈与）を記録してください。税務上その区分が重要です。\n税務と報告\n着金が課税されるかは、その内容と居住者区分によります。自分の既存の貯蓄を移すのは通常は所得ではありませんが、海外の給与や事業所得の受取は課税され得ます。非永住者は、国外源泉所得を日本へ送金すると課税対象になり得ます。贈与・相続は別ルールです。大口は資金源の確認を招くことがあります。国外所得が絡む場合は国税庁や税理士で確認を。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/receiving-money-from-abroad","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":["faq:remit-overseas-income","faq:remit-multicurrency","faq:remit-large-transfer"],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"日本銀行","title":"決済システム","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem:ja","entityId":"guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本でポイント経済圏を選ぶ","plainText":"銀行・カード・携帯に合う1つの経済圏を選びましょう。集中が分散に勝り、多くのポイントは約1円の価値です。\n1つの経済圏に集中し、ポイントを現実的に評価する方法。\n支出に合う1つの経済圏に集中。\n多くのポイントは約1円。失効・店舗限定で価値減。\nPayPay・楽天ペイは日常支出が最速で貯まる。\nポイントのために余計に使わない。\n集めるのでなく集中する\n日本の主要経済圏（楽天・PayPay・dポイント・Vポイント）は、カード・決済アプリ・買い物、多くは携帯プランを結びます。これらがそろうと特典が重なるため、勝ち筋は、すでに銀行・買い物・携帯で使っている経済圏を1つ選び、支出をそこに集約することです。複数に広げると積み上げが薄まり、失効しやすい小さな残高があちこちに残ります。\nポイントを正直に評価する\n主要ポイントは、日常の支払いに使えば1ポイント約1円と考えましょう。店舗限定や失効間近のポイントは割り引いて評価し、完璧なマイル交換を前提とした価値評価には慎重に。最も大切なのは、ポイントはどのみち行う支出へのささやかな非課税の割引であって、余計に使ったり不要な商品を作ったりする理由には決してならない、ということです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/choosing-a-point-ecosystem","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-which-ecosystem","faq:points-value","faq:points-expiry","faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":[]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"日本銀行","title":"決済システム","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:crypto-tax-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:crypto-tax-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の暗号資産の税金","plainText":"暗号資産の利益は雑所得として累進課税（住民税込みで最大約55%）。暗号資産同士の交換を含め、あらゆる処分が課税対象です。\n暗号資産が重く課税される理由と、課税対象になる取引。\n利益は雑所得。株式の約20%ではない。\n合計の最高税率は約55%に達し得る。\n売却・交換・支払いはすべて課税対象。\n全取引の詳細な記録を残す。\n課税の仕組み\n日本では暗号資産の利益は雑所得として、所得税の累進税率＋住民税で課税され、最上位区分では合計約55%に達し得ます。上場株式に適用される約20%の分離課税を大きく上回ります。暗号資産に特別な低税率はなく、NISAのような非課税もありません。この税制は、慎重になるべき最大の理由になることが多いです。\n課税対象になる取引\n課税対象は「処分」全般です。暗号資産を円で売る、ある暗号資産を別の暗号資産に交換する、暗号資産で商品・サービスを買う——いずれもその時点の円換算で損益が実現します。各取引に取得原価と円評価が必要なため、日付・数量・円換算額・手数料の詳細な記録が必須で、暗号資産の税計算ツールを使う人が多いです。活発に取引するなら税理士が有効です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/crypto/crypto-tax-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:crypto"],"faqs":["faq:crypto-tax","faq:crypto-record"],"products":["product:bitflyer","product:bitbank"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-registered-exchange"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-crypto","publisher":"国税庁","title":"暗号資産に関する税務上の取扱いFAQ","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:choosing-a-registered-exchange:ja","entityId":"guide:choosing-a-registered-exchange","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"登録済み暗号資産取引所を選ぶ","plainText":"利用は金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟の取引所（bitFlyer・bitbankなど）のみに。無登録の海外業者は保護を失い詐欺に多いです。\n金融庁登録が重要な理由と、無登録・詐欺を避ける方法。\n居住者向けは金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟の取引所のみ。\n入金前に金融庁の登録一覧を確認。\n無登録の海外業者は法的保護を失う。\n元本保証や「回収」サービスは詐欺。\n登録が重要な理由\n居住者に合法的にサービスを提供できるのは、金融庁に登録しJVCEAに加盟する取引所だけで、登録には保管・分別管理・消費者保護の義務が伴います。無登録の海外取引所を使うとこれらの保護を失い、税務や出金が複雑になり、詐欺の温床にもなりがちです。入金前に、金融庁の登録一覧にその取引所があるか必ず確認しましょう。\n詐欺を避ける\n元本保証や異常に高い利回りの提案はすべて詐欺と考えましょう。正当な暗号資産に保証された利回りはありません。偽の取引所アプリ、SNSの「投資コーチ」、恋愛を装う投資勧誘、そして特に手数料と引き換えに失った資金の「回収」を約束するサービス（被害者を狙う二次詐欺）に注意。まず少額で出金を試し、強固なセキュリティを設定し、向こうから連絡してきた相手に暗号資産を送らないこと。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/crypto/choosing-a-registered-exchange","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:crypto"],"faqs":["faq:crypto-registered","faq:crypto-fx-leverage"],"products":["product:bitflyer","product:bitbank"],"guides":["guide:crypto-tax-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jvcea","publisher":"一般社団法人 日本暗号資産取引業協会","title":"日本暗号資産取引業協会","url":"https://jvcea.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"faq:bank-documents:ja","entityId":"faq:bank-documents","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人が日本で銀行口座を開くには何が必要ですか？","plainText":"一般に在留カード、日本の住所、多くの場合は日本の電話番号と印鑑（またはサイン）が必要です。マイナンバーを求める銀行や、開設に6か月の在留を要する銀行もあります。ネット銀行（楽天銀行・ソニー銀行）や英語対応の銀行（SMBC信託銀行プレスティア）がよく最初の選択肢になります。条件は銀行ごとに異なるため、申込前に各社のページで確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#bank-documents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"id":"immi-residence","publisher":"出入国在留管理庁","title":"出入国在留管理庁","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jftc-guarantee","publisher":"一般社団法人 全国銀行協会","title":"全国銀行協会","url":"https://www.zenginkyo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:bank-english:ja","entityId":"faq:bank-english","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で英語サポートが手厚い銀行はどこですか？","plainText":"SMBC信託銀行プレスティアとソニー銀行が、英語対応・アプリ・外貨機能でよく挙げられます。楽天銀行やSBI新生銀行は一部英語対応です。メガバンクは多くの店舗で英語対応が限られます。英語対応が必須なら、変わることがあるため、アプリの言語や対応時間を各行の公式サイトで確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#bank-english","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-prestia","publisher":"株式会社SMBC信託銀行","title":"SMBC信託銀行 プレスティア","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sony-bank","publisher":"ソニー銀行株式会社","title":"ソニー銀行","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:bank-online-vs-mega:ja","entityId":"faq:bank-online-vs-mega","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本ではネット銀行とメガバンク、どちらを使うべき？","plainText":"ネット銀行（楽天銀行・ソニー銀行・住信SBI）は手数料の安さ・アプリ・ポイントや投資との連携で有利なことが多いです。メガバンク（三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほ）は、店舗・法人口座・大手銀行が前提の取引に役立ちます。給与や公的用途にメガバンク、日常や貯蓄にネット銀行、と両方持つ人も多いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#bank-online-vs-mega","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"boj-payments","publisher":"日本銀行","title":"決済システム","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:bank-frozen:ja","entityId":"faq:bank-frozen","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の銀行口座が凍結・制限されるのはなぜ？","plainText":"よくある理由は、在留カードの期限切れや登録情報の未更新、不正・異常取引の疑い、長期未使用、マネロン対策の確認などです。住所や在留資格を銀行に更新し、本人確認の依頼には速やかに応じ、説明のつかない大口入金を避けましょう。制限された場合は、突然のメッセージ内のリンクではなく、銀行へ直接連絡してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#bank-frozen","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"immi-residence","publisher":"出入国在留管理庁","title":"出入国在留管理庁","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:bank-no-job:ja","entityId":"faq:bank-no-job","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"無職でも日本の銀行口座は開けますか？","plainText":"はい。基本的な預金口座の開設に就労は通常必須ではなく、在留カードと住所が中心の条件です。学生や被扶養者も普通に開設します。就労は口座開設よりも、クレジットカードやローンで重視されます。条件は銀行により異なるため、各行で確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#bank-no-job","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"personas":["persona:newcomer","persona:student"]},"sources":[{"id":"jftc-guarantee","publisher":"一般社団法人 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guide","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"faq:invest-beginner-fund:ja","entityId":"faq:invest-beginner-fund","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAの中で初心者は何に投資すべき？","plainText":"これは教育情報で、推奨ではありません。初心者の多くは、低コストで幅広く分散されたインデックス投信（全世界株式やS&P500など）を調べます。個別株選びより、手数料の低さと分散は自分で管理でき、リターンは管理できないためです。値は上下すること、リスクを投資期間に合わせること、近く必要なお金は投資しないことを理解しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#invest-beginner-fund","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-nisa","publisher":"Financial Services Agency","title":"NISA 2024 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国税電子申告・納税システム","url":"https://www.e-tax.nta.go.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-resident-tax-timing:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-resident-tax-timing","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"なぜ2年目に住民税の請求が大きく来たの？","plainText":"住民税（約10%）は前年の所得に基づき、稼いだ翌年に課税されます。そのため1年目は負担が少なく、2年目に1年目の所得分の請求が来ます。同じ時差により、退職や出国の後でも住民税が発生することがあります。あらかじめ備えておきましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-resident-tax-timing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:newcomer","persona:leaving-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-furusato:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-furusato","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ふるさと納税とは？やる価値はある？","plainText":"ふるさと納税は、自治体に寄付して返礼品（食品・物品）を受け取りつつ、寄付額のほぼ全額を住民税・所得税から控除できる制度です。実質2,000円の自己負担で返礼品を得られます。十分な所得のある多くの納税者にとって有利で、控除上限は所得や家族構成で決まります。公式ルールと上限シミュレーターを使い、控除に必要な書類（ワンストップ特例または確定申告）を保管しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-furusato","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-furusato","publisher":"国税庁","title":"ふるさと納税（寄附金控除）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1155.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-crypto:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-crypto","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で暗号資産はどう課税される？","plainText":"暗号資産の利益は雑所得として累進税率で課税され、住民税と合わせて最大約55%になり得ます。上場株式の約20%の分離課税とは異なります。円への売却、暗号資産同士の交換、暗号資産での支払いなど、あらゆる処分が課税対象です。取得原価を追跡して損益を計算する必要があるため記録ツールが重要で、取引が多い場合は税理士への相談が有効です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-crypto","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-crypto","publisher":"国税庁","title":"暗号資産に関する税務上の取扱いFAQ","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-200000-rule:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-200000-rule","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"副収入20万円ルールは売上と利益のどっち？","plainText":"売上ではなく必要経費控除後の所得で判定します。1か所給与の会社員は、給与・退職以外の所得（経費控除後）が20万円を超えると原則、国の確定申告が必要です。ちょうど20万円では発生せず「超える」場合です。重要な点として、20万円以下でも自治体は通常その所得の住民税申告を求めるため、20万円特例は所得税のみの緩和です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-200000-rule","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-employee-filing","publisher":"国税庁","title":"給与所得者で確定申告が必要な人","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1900.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-deduction-vs-credit:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-deduction-vs-credit","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"所得控除と税額控除の違いは？","plainText":"所得控除は課税される所得を減らすため、価値はおおよそ限界税率×控除額です。20%の人の30万円の医療費控除は国税で約6万円、加えて住民税も少し減ります。住宅ローン控除などの税額控除は算出税額を直接減らすため、30万円の税額控除は最大30万円の減税になり得ます。控除額がそのまま還付される訳ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-deduction-vs-credit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-basic-deduction","publisher":"国税庁","title":"基礎控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1199.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-medical-deduction:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-medical-deduction","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"医療費控除はどう使う？","plainText":"本人や生計を一にする家族のためにその年に払った対象医療費から、補填と10万円（総所得200万円未満なら5%）のしきい値を引いた額を、上限200万円で控除します。例：費用50万円−補填10万円−しきい値10万円＝30万円。年末調整ではなく確定申告で、明細書を提出し領収書は5年保管します。同一年にセルフメディケーション税制とは併用できません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-medical-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-medical-deduction","publisher":"国税庁","title":"医療費控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1120.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-yea-vs-return:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-yea-vs-return","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"年末調整と確定申告は同じ？","plainText":"いいえ。年末調整は、会社が支払った給与の所得税を、基礎・配偶者・扶養・社会保険料・保険料控除を適用して精算する手続きです。確定申告は本人が全所得を申告するものです。年末調整後でも、20万円超の副収入・医療費・ワンストップを超える寄付・住宅ローン控除初年度は申告が必要です。年末調整は未申告の副業・不動産・国外・投資所得を精算しません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-yea-vs-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-year-end-adjustment","publisher":"国税庁","title":"年末調整がよくわかるページ","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/users/gensen/nencho/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-late-filing:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-late-filing","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"申告や納付が遅れたらどうなる？","plainText":"期限後でも期限後申告でき、税務署に接触される前の自主申告なら無申告加算税は軽くなります。別に延滞税が期限の翌日から未納の税に発生し、2026年はおおむね当初2.8%、その後9.1%です。仮装隠蔽には重い重加算税がかかります。払えない場合は放置せず、納税の猶予（最長1年）を税務署に相談してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-late-filing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-penalties","publisher":"国税庁","title":"確定申告を忘れたとき（無申告加算税・延滞税）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2024.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-delinquent-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"延滞税の計算方法（割合）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/nozei/entaizei/keisan/entai.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-consumption-threshold:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-consumption-threshold","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"消費税1,000万円は利益で判定するの？","plainText":"いいえ。利益ではなく基準期間（個人は原則2年前）の課税売上で判定します。薄利で回転の高い事業は課税事業者になり得え、少額請求で高利益のコンサルはならないこともあります。免税は、特定期間の判定・課税事業者選択・事業承継、そして重要な点として適格請求書発行事業者への登録によっても失われ、登録すると売上に関係なく課税事業者になります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-consumption-threshold","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-consumption-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"納税義務の免除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-invoice-register:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-invoice-register","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"インボイス登録はすべき？","plainText":"取引先次第です。適格請求書発行事業者に登録すると、取引先はあなたへの支払いで仕入税額控除を受けられますが、あなたは免税だった消費税の納税義務を負います。仕入税額控除が必要な事業者からの売上割合や、失注・値引きのリスクを、税・事務負担と比べます。経過的な2割特例で初期の負担を抑えられます。初回登録は税理士に相談すべき論点です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-invoice-register","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-invoice","publisher":"国税庁","title":"インボイス制度（適格請求書等保存方式）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-invoice-2wari","publisher":"国税庁","title":"消費税の軽減税率・インボイス制度（2割特例等）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-stock-losses:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-stock-losses","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"株の損失で節税できる？","plainText":"申告すれば可能です。上場株式の損失は、上場株式の利益や（選択で）対象配当と通算でき、残額は最大3年繰り越せますが、利益のない年も含め繰越期間中は毎年申告した場合に限ります。NISAの損失は課税口座の利益と通算できず、損失利用の申告は住民税の指標にも所得が加わり国保料を上げ得る点に注意。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-stock-losses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-listed-shares","publisher":"国税庁","title":"株式等を譲渡したときの課税（申告分離課税）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-us-citizen:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-us-citizen","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"在日の米国市民ですが米国の申告も必要？","plainText":"原則として必要です。米国は市民・グリーンカード保有者の全世界所得に、日本居住中でも課税するため、通常は両国で申告します。外国税額控除や外国所得除外は二重課税を緩和しますが米国申告で請求します。日本の口座やファンドはFBAR・FATCA・PFICの論点を生じさせ、日本の税務ソフトでは扱えません。日本の税理士と米国のCPA/EAを併用しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-us-citizen","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:us-person"]},"sources":[{"id":"irs-abroad","publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","title":"海外在住の米国市民・居住外国人","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/us-citizens-and-resident-aliens-abroad","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mof-us-japan-treaty","publisher":"財務省","title":"租税条約（日米租税条約を含む）","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/tax_policy/summary/international/tax_convention/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:tax-leaving-japan:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-leaving-japan","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"出国するとき税金でやることは？","plainText":"出国前に出国年の申告を済ませるか、納税管理人を選任して出国後に日本国内から申告します。前年分の住民税は出国後も残るため、市区町村と納付を手配します。出国税の該当（特定金融資産1億円で及び得る）を確認し、厚生年金があれば脱退一時金を検討します。退職所得課税を適用することで、源泉徴収された20.42%の多くを納税管理人経由で還付できることが多いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-leaving-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:leaving-japan"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-leaving-japan","publisher":"国税庁","title":"海外に転勤するときの確定申告","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1923.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"nta-tax-agent","publisher":"国税庁","title":"出国する納税者の納税管理人","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/12004.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-open:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-open","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本でフリーランス（個人事業主）として開業するには？","plainText":"事業開始からおよそ1か月以内に、所轄の税務署へ開業届を提出します（無料で簡単です）。同時に青色申告承認申請書を出すと、最大65万円の控除が使えます。その仕事が認められる在留資格ならビザはそのままですが、自営に許可が要る資格もあるため、まず在留資格を確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-open","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-blue","publisher":"国税庁","title":"青色申告制度","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"immi-residence","publisher":"出入国在留管理庁","title":"出入国在留管理庁","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-blue-return:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-blue-return","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"青色申告とは？やる価値はある？","plainText":"青色申告は、きちんとした帳簿づけに報いる申告方式です。複式簿記を電子申告すれば、所得から最大65万円を控除でき、損失を3年間繰り越せ、家族への給与も経費にできます。代わりに記帳の手間が増えますが、クラウド会計ソフトが大部分を自動化します。安定収入のある多くのフリーランスにとって、節税効果は手間を明確に上回ります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-blue-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-blue","publisher":"国税庁","title":"青色申告制度","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-invoice:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-invoice","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスはインボイス制度に登録すべき？","plainText":"取引先次第です。登録すると登録番号（T番号）が得られ、事業者である取引先はあなたへの支払いで仕入税額控除を受けられます。ただし登録すると消費税の課税事業者になり、コストと事務が増えます。取引先が消費者や免税の小規模事業者なら、登録は利点なくコストだけ増えることも。適格請求書を求める企業が取引先なら、未登録は失注につながり得ます。取引先構成で判断を。未登録事業者からの仕入れに対する経過措置の控除は段階的に縮小します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-invoice","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-invoice","publisher":"国税庁","title":"インボイス制度（適格請求書等保存方式）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-reserve:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-reserve","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスは税金のためにどれくらい積み立てるべき？","plainText":"目安として、利益の20〜35%を、所得税・住民税・国民年金・国民健康保険の合計として積み立てるとよいです。所得税は累進のため、所得が上がるほど比率も上げます。住民税や健康保険料は前年基準で請求されるため、支払いは所得に遅れて来ます。申告時にまとめて向き合うのではなく、毎月別口座に取り分けておきましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-reserve","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-individual","publisher":"国税庁","title":"個人の所得税に関する案内","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-health-insurance:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-health-insurance","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で自営のとき、年金と健康保険はどうなる？","plainText":"個人事業主は原則、国民健康保険と国民年金に加入し、いずれも自己負担で支払います（会社との折半はありません）。国民年金は定額、国民健康保険は所得連動で自治体が請求します。不足を補うため、国民年金基金・iDeCo・就業不能保険などの任意の備えを足せます。これらも税金の積立に含めて計画しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-health-insurance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"jps-international","publisher":"日本年金機構","title":"日本年金機構 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クラウド・弥生は、いずれも銀行・カードを取り込み、複式簿記を作り、青色申告書類とe-Taxデータを出力します。freeeは案内型で初心者向け、マネーフォワード クラウドは柔軟で連携が豊富、弥生は実績が長く税理士の習熟が広いです。3つとも画面は日本語のみのため、多少の日本語や助けを見込みましょう。ブランドや表示価格ではなく、現行プランをプラン単位で比較し、体験版で試してから選びましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-which-software","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"freee","publisher":"フリー株式会社","title":"freee会計","url":"https://www.freee.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mf-cloud","publisher":"株式会社マネーフォワード","title":"マネーフォワード 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払い記録を残して、説明できる形にしましょう。過大な家族給与は調査対象です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-family-salary","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-family-employee","publisher":"国税庁","title":"青色事業専従者給与と事業専従者控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2075.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"faq:freelance-subsidies:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-subsidies","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"個人事業や小規模事業に補助金・助成金はある？","plainText":"あります。中小企業庁や各省庁の補助金は、設備・IT導入・事業の持続化などを対象に、競争的で上限と自己負担があり、多くは支出後に精算されます。助成金は多くが厚生労働省で要件充足型、採用や労働条件に紐づくことが多いです。jGrantsや中小企業庁などの公式ポータルで探し、自治体や商工会議所の制度も確認しましょう。多くは後払いのため資金の谷を見込み、見積・請求書・支払証憑を残します。目的外利用は返還になり得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-subsidies","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"id":"jgrants","publisher":"デジタル庁・中小企業庁","title":"jGrants 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Wが、自社ポイントで約1%の通常率を持つ代表的な年会費無料カードです。表面の率だけでなく、既に使う交換の経済圏で選びましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-no-fee-cards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card-terms","publisher":"Rakuten Card","title":"楽天カード公式","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"paypay-card","publisher":"PayPay Card Corporation","title":"PayPayカード公式","url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dcard","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"dカード公式","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"jcb-card-w","publisher":"JCB","title":"JCB カード 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Wは強い年会費無料の汎用カードですが、申込は原則18〜39歳に限られます。39歳以降も無料が続くため、対象のうちに申し込めば確保できます。旅行するならJCBの海外受け入れが狭い点を考慮しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-young-applicant-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-card-w","publisher":"JCB","title":"JCB カード W公式","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcbcardw.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-premium-card-worth:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-premium-card-worth","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"プレミアムカードはいつ年会費に見合う？","plainText":"行動を変えずに継続特典が年会費を上回るときだけです。ラウンジ回数・保険・ホテル特典・家族カードを個別に評価し、そうでなければ払う場合を除きラウンジを小売価格で数えないこと。しきい値到達のために支出を作らないこと。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-premium-card-worth","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-gold-nl","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","title":"三井住友カード 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PAYオートチャージで最大5%）は上限・条件付きのため、オートチャージボーナスの上限と対象の携帯特典を11,000円の年会費と直接比較しましょう。上限付きボーナスを実際に得るPonta・au／UQユーザーに最適です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-au-gold-worth","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"aupay-card","publisher":"au Financial Service","title":"au PAYカード公式","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-card-investing:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-card-investing","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"クレカ積立とは？","plainText":"対象のカードで、参加する証券（SBI／Vポイント、楽天／楽天ポイント、eSmart／Ponta）を通じて投信を定期購入する仕組みで、月間上限があります。表示上の最大還元率はカードのランクや年間利用・サービス条件次第で、多くの利用者の通常率ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-card-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"sbi-vpoint-invest","publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui 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Payの経路（ネットワークのタッチ対iD対QUICPay）が必要なため、区分ボーナスを前提にする前にどの経路かを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-apple-pay-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"apple-pay-jp","publisher":"Apple","title":"Apple Pay（日本）サポート","url":"https://support.apple.com/ja-jp/apple-pay","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-google-wallet-emoney:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-google-wallet-emoney","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Googleウォレットが対応する日本の電子マネーは？","plainText":"公式にはSuica・PASMO・楽天Edy・WAON・nanaco（チャージ規則は商品で異なる）に加え、QUICPay・iD・非接触に対応します。海外向けに買った端末は必要な日本のFeliCaハードウェアを欠くことがあり、一部の商品が使えない場合があります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-google-wallet-emoney","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"google-wallet-jp","publisher":"Google","title":"Google 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PLUSを使い、2026年10月1日以降発券分は改定の対象のため、現在の特典価格を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-jal-expiry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-mileage","publisher":"Japan Airlines","title":"JALマイレージバンク","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-jal-plus:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-jal-plus","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL PLUS（JMB PLUS）特典とは？","plainText":"JMB PLUSは、低価格の特典在庫がないときに必要マイルを基本価格より引き上げる仕組みで、同じ路線でも混雑期はより多くのマイルがかかります。特典は、実際に買う運賃から税・サーチャージを引いて評価しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-jal-plus","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-mileage","publisher":"Japan 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Harmonyは何に最適？","plainText":"日本のオークラ・ニッコー・ホテルJALシティ等や参加施設での再訪に最適です。入会無料・段階制で、対象の利用後に通常2年延長するため、その日本の施設群を繰り返し使う旅行者には国際プログラムより実用的なことがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-one-harmony","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"one-harmony","publisher":"Okura Nikko Hotels","title":"ワンハーモニー（オークラ ニッコー）","url":"https://www.oneharmony.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:rewards-beginner-program:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-beginner-program","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"初心者はどのポイントプログラムを選ぶ？","plainText":"すでに最も使う店・キャリア・モールをカバーする経済圏を選びましょう。楽天・PayPay・dポイント・Ponta・Vポイントが主な汎用候補です。まず1つの主要プログラムから始め、測れる価値が生まれるときだけ交通やスーパーの専門プログラムを加えます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-beginner-program","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-point","publisher":"Rakuten 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PAY、メルカリ活用者ならメルペイです。表面の率でなく、既に使う経済圏で選びましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-best-qr-app","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-points","publisher":"PayPay Corporation","title":"PayPayポイントのヘルプ","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"rakuten-pay","publisher":"Rakuten Payment","title":"楽天ペイ公式","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"dbarai","publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","title":"d払い公式","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"aupay-app","publisher":"KDDI","title":"au 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ポイントの所得税の取扱い","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/law/shitsugi/shotoku/02/37.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01"}]},{"id":"faq:loan-buy-foreigner:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-buy-foreigner","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人は日本で不動産を買えますか？","plainText":"概ね可能です。所有資格と住宅ローン資格は別問題で、所有は国籍を問わず広く開かれ、融資が本当の壁です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-buy-foreigner","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-pr-mandatory:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-pr-mandatory","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローンに永住権は必須ですか？","plainText":"普遍的には必須ではありません。一部の専門機関(プレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガ銀行)は適格な非永住者を受け入れ、フラット35も永住を必ずしも求めません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-pr-mandatory","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"prestia-mortgage","publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","title":"PRESTIA mortgage 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/ja/questions#loan-renovation-in-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"無担保のリフォーム資金は高いですか？","plainText":"通常、抵当権付きより高くつきます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-renovation-increase-value:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-renovation-increase-value","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"リフォームは必ず価値を上げますか？","plainText":"いいえ。個性的・過剰な工事は売却で回収できないことがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-renovation-increase-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-bridge:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-bridge","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"つなぎ融資とは何ですか？","plainText":"本融資の資金が使えるようになる前の、短期の資金です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-bridge","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-who-uses-bridge:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-who-uses-bridge","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"つなぎ融資は誰が使いますか？","plainText":"主に土地＋建築や分割建築の買い手です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-who-uses-bridge","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-reverse-mortgage:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-reverse-mortgage","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"リバースモーゲージとは何ですか？","plainText":"高齢の所有者が自宅の資産価値を担保に借り、返済を原則死亡または売却まで繰り延べる仕組みです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-reverse-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-reverse-exceed-value:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-reverse-exceed-value","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"リバースモーゲージの債務は住宅価値を超えますか？","plainText":"商品で扱いが異なります。遡及・評価・相続人の選択肢を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-reverse-exceed-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-secured-property-loan:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-secured-property-loan","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産担保ローンとは何ですか？","plainText":"不動産への抵当権登記を担保にした、広い目的のためのローンです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-secured-property-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-secure-consumer-spending:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-secure-consumer-spending","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"消費支出のために自宅を担保にすべき？","plainText":"概ねいいえ。支出リスクを住まいを失うリスクに変えます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-secure-consumer-spending","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-what-bank-card-loan:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-bank-card-loan","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"銀行カードローンとは何ですか？","plainText":"銀行のリボ払い無担保信用枠で、貸金業の3分の1規制の外ですが金利は依然高いことが多いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-bank-card-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"faq:loan-card-loan-onethird:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-card-loan-onethird","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"銀行カードローンは総量規制の対象ですか？","plainText":"銀行融資はこの規制の外ですが、銀行は独自の限度を設けます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-card-loan-onethird","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"id":"fsa-moneylending","publisher":"Financial 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PAY連携はチャージ・サービス規定による。\n通常カードは年会費無料\n対象利用でポイント付与\n公式オンライン申込（審査あり）\n上乗せ還元には個別条件あり\nリボ払い・海外利用の手数料を確認\n通常カードは年会費無料。追加カード・支払サービスには別の手数料条件あり。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/au-pay-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:au-financial-service"],"families":["family:au-pay-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"au-pay-card-product","publisher":"auフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"au PAY カード：product","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/function/promotion/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:smbc-card-gold-numberless:ja","entityId":"product:smbc-card-gold-numberless","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Gold (NL)","plainText":"年会費実質無料化できるゴールドカード\n年間100万円の対象利用で年会費5,500円が永年無料になり、同条件で毎年10,000ポイントのボーナスも得られるゴールドVisa/Mastercard。\n年間100万円の対象利用で年会費が永年無料\n100万円達成で毎年10,000ポイント\n国内空港ラウンジとカード保険\n利用が100万円未満だと年会費と0.5%の基本還元は魅力が薄い\n対象利用の集計には対象外取引がある\n年会費5,500円。年間100万円の対象利用で永年無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/smbc-card-gold-numberless","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-card-gold-numberless"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-card-gold-numberless-product","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"三井住友カード ゴールド（NL）：product","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/gold_numberless.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:smbc-card-platinum-preferred:ja","entityId":"product:smbc-card-platinum-preferred","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Platinum Preferred","plainText":"ポイント重視のプラチナカード\n年会費33,000円のVisa。約1%の基本還元、特約店での上乗せ、利用額に応じ最大40,000ポイントの年間ボーナスなど、還元重視のプラチナ。\n約1%の基本還元と特約店での上乗せ\n利用額に応じ最大40,000ポイントの年間ボーナス\nコンシェルジュ・ラウンジ・旅行保険\n無制限ラウンジやホテルステータス型ではなく還元重視\n相応の年間利用がないと年会費に見合いにくい\n年会費33,000円。多額の年間利用を集約できるかで価値が決まる。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/smbc-card-platinum-preferred","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-card-platinum-preferred"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-card-platinum-preferred-product","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"三井住友カード プラチナプリファード：product","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/platinum_preferred.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:olive-flexible-pay-gold:ja","entityId":"product:olive-flexible-pay-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Olive Flexible Pay Gold","plainText":"銀行一体型ゴールド\nクレジット・デビット・ポイント払いと銀行口座を1枚のVisaに統合するSMBCのプラットフォーム。ゴールドは年間100万円利用で5,500円が永年無料になるなどゴールド（NL）に準じる。\nクレジット・デビット・ポイント払いを1枚に\n100万円で永年無料と10,000ポイント\nSMBC銀行口座と一体\nSMBCをメイン銀行にする人向き\nクレジットモードは年齢・審査条件が厳しめ\nゴールドの年会費5,500円。クレジットモードで年間100万円の対象利用により永年無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/olive-flexible-pay-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:olive-flexible-pay-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"olive-flexible-pay-gold-product","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"Olive フレキシブルペイ ゴールド：product","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:amazon-mastercard:ja","entityId":"product:amazon-mastercard","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Amazon Mastercard","plainText":"年会費無料の提携カード\n三井住友カード発行の年会費無料Mastercard。プライム会員はAmazonで2%、主要コンビニで1.5%が貯まり、海外手数料も低め。\nプライム会員はAmazon2%・主要コンビニ1.5%\n年会費無料\n一般的なSMBC Mastercardより低い海外手数料\nAmazon・対象カテゴリー外は概ね1%の一般カード\nAmazonのキャンペーン額はアカウント別のことがある\n年会費無料。利息はリボ・分割払いを使う場合のみ。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/amazon-mastercard","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:amazon-mastercard"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"amazon-mastercard-product","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"Amazon Mastercard：product","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/amazon.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:jcb-card-w:ja","entityId":"product:jcb-card-w","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB Card W","plainText":"18〜39歳向け年会費無料カード\n18〜39歳が申込める永年無料のJCB。基本還元が優遇され、40歳以降も無料が続く。JCBの海外手数料は比較的低め。\n年会費永年無料（申込は18〜39歳）\n一般のJCBより優遇された基本還元\n約1.60%と比較的低い海外手数料\n新規申込は18〜39歳に限定\n海外ではJCBの利用可能店がVisa/Masterより狭いことがある\n年会費無料。利息はリボ・分割の利用時のみ。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jcb-card-w","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-card-w"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-card-w-product","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"JCBカード W：product","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcb_w.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:jcb-gold:ja","entityId":"product:jcb-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB Gold","plainText":"国内標準のゴールドカード\n年会費11,000円の標準的なゴールドJCB（対象のWEB新規は初年度無料）。国内空港ラウンジ・保険・優待を備える。有料のLoungeKeyは完全なPriority Passとは別物。\n国内空港ラウンジと旅行保険\n対象のWEB新規は初年度無料\nClub Off系のライフスタイル優待\n約0.5%と控えめな基本還元\n有料LoungeKeyは無料のPriority Passではない\n年会費11,000円。対象のWEB新規は初年度無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jcb-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-gold-product","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"JCBゴールド：product","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/gold.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:jcb-platinum:ja","entityId":"product:jcb-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB Platinum","plainText":"コスパ重視のコンシェルジュ型プラチナ\n年会費27,500円で、Priority Pass・24時間コンシェルジュ・グルメ・ベネフィット・旅行保険を備える、価格対サービスに優れた国内屈指のプラチナ。\nPriority Passと24時間コンシェルジュ\nグルメ・ベネフィット（対象コースが2名以上で1名無料）\n手厚い旅行保険\n通常還元率は控えめ\n海外ではJCBの利用可能店が限られる\n年会費27,500円。価値はポイントよりコンシェルジュ・ダイニング・ラウンジ利用による。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jcb-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-platinum-product","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"JCBプラチナ：product","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/platinum.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-gold-card:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Gold Card","plainText":"低コストの経済圏ゴールド\n年会費2,200円の楽天ゴールド。低コストで1%だが、無料の楽天カードに対するラウンジ・経済圏の上積みは限定的。\n基本1%の楽天ポイント\n国内ラウンジの限定利用\n2,200円の低い年会費\n無料カードに対する優位は小さい\n多くの場合、無料の楽天カードが効率的\n年会費2,200円。無料カードに対する上積みは限定的。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-gold-card-product","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"楽天ゴールドカード：product","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-gold-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-premium-card:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-premium-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Premium Card","plainText":"旅行特典付きの楽天カード\n年会費11,000円で1%、限度額最大300万円、Priority Pass付帯の楽天カード。Priority Passは現行の利用回数条件で評価する必要がある。\n現行の回数条件でのPriority Pass\n基本1%と楽天市場の上乗せ\n限度額は最大300万円\nPriority Passは無制限ではなく回数制\nリボ残高を持つと還元を上回る負担\n年会費11,000円。Priority Passは現行の回数条件で価値を判断。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-premium-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-premium-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-premium-card-product","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"楽天プレミアムカード：product","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/premium-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-black-card:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-black-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Black Card","plainText":"楽天最上位のプレミアムカード\n年会費33,000円で、旅行・ダイニング・コンシェルジュ的サービス・家族カードを備える招待型の楽天プレミアム。楽天を非常に多く使う人向け。\nプレミアムな旅行・ダイニング・コンシェルジュ的特典\n複数の家族カード\n現行条件でのPriority Pass\nプレミアム保有期間と高額利用が取得条件\n取得条件を満たしても発行は保証されない\n年会費33,000円。取得は条件付きで発行は保証されない。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-black-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-black-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-black-card-product","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"楽天ブラックカード：product","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/black-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:amex-gold-preferred:ja","entityId":"product:amex-gold-preferred","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"American Express Gold Preferred","plainText":"ダイニング・旅行特典カード\n年会費39,600円で、家族カード2枚無料、ダイニング・ホテルのクレジット、保険、ラウンジを備えるメンバーシップ・リワードのカード。入会特典は大きいが条件付き。\n家族カード2枚無料\nダイニング・ホテルのクレジットと保険\n提携先へ移行可能なメンバーシップ・リワード\n継続費用が高く、入会特典と長期価値は分けて評価\n一部特典は利用条件や事前予約を要する\n年会費39,600円（家族カード2枚無料）。利息はPayFlex利用時のみ。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/amex-gold-preferred","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-gold-preferred"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"amex-gold-preferred-product","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル","title":"アメックス・ゴールド・プリファード：product","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/gold-preferred-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:amex-platinum:ja","entityId":"product:amex-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"American Express Platinum","plainText":"ラグジュアリー旅行・家族カード型プラチナ\n年会費165,000円で、家族カード最大4枚無料、グローバル・ラウンジ・コレクション、ホテルステータス、コンシェルジュ、ダイニング特典、年間10万円の航空クレジットを備えるプラチナ。\nセンチュリオン等のグローバル・ラウンジ\nホテルステータス・コンシェルジュ・ダイニング\n家族カード最大4枚無料＋年間10万円の航空クレジット\n航空クレジットは現金でも入会特典でもない\nプレミアム旅行サービスを使う場合のみ見合う\n年会費165,000円（家族カード最大4枚無料）。プレミアム旅行を使う世帯に最適。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/amex-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"amex-platinum-product","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル","title":"アメックス・プラチナ：product","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/platinum-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:epos-gold-card:ja","entityId":"product:epos-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Epos Gold Card","plainText":"最適化しやすい実質無料ゴールド\n年会費5,000円で、招待・家族ゴールド紹介・年間50万円の対象利用のいずれかで永年無料になるゴールドVisa。選べるショップの上乗せや年間ボーナスで最適化しやすい。\n年間50万円で永年無料\n選べる3ショップの上乗せ\n年間利用ボーナスと国内ラウンジ\n選んだカテゴリーへ支出を寄せる最適化が必要\n一部取引は対象利用の集計から除外\n年会費5,000円。招待または年間50万円の対象利用で永年無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/epos-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:epos-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"epos-gold-card-product","publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","title":"エポスゴールドカード：product","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/goldcard/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:epos-platinum-card:ja","entityId":"product:epos-platinum-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Epos Platinum Card","plainText":"年間ボーナス最適化型プラチナ\n年会費は直接申込30,000円・招待20,000円のVisaプラチナ。Priority Pass・コンシェルジュに加え、年間100万円で20,000ポイントから始まる年間ボーナス。\nPriority Passとコンシェルジュ\n100万円で20,000ポイントからの年間ボーナス\n招待・高額利用で20,000円に\n年間ボーナスが会費を相殺できる場合に有利\n年間ボーナスは改定済み。現行条件を要確認\n直接30,000円・招待20,000円。価値は年間ボーナス次第。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/epos-platinum-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:epos-platinum-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"epos-platinum-card-product","publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","title":"エポスプラチナカード：product","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/platinumcard/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:saison-card-digital:ja","entityId":"product:saison-card-digital","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Saison Card Digital","plainText":"即時発行のデジタルカード\n年会費無料でナンバーレス、最短5分で番号発行、永久不滅ポイントが貯まるカード。全く利用がない期間が続いた場合のみ1,650円のサービス料が発生。\n最短5分でデジタル発行\n通常利用で失効しない永久不滅ポイント\nナンバーレス実物カードと複数ブランド\n対象期間に全く利用がないと1,650円\n基本還元は約0.5%と控えめ\n年会費無料。対象年度に全く利用がない場合のみ1,650円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/saison-card-digital","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-card-digital"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-card-digital-product","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"セゾンカードデジタル：product","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/kohyo/creditcard/digital/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:saison-gold-premium:ja","entityId":"product:saison-gold-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Saison Gold Premium","plainText":"ライフスタイル特化のゴールド\n年会費11,000円で、年間100万円利用の翌年は無料になるゴールド。映画・コンビニ・カフェで上限付きの高還元。\n年間100万円で翌年無料\n映画・コンビニ・カフェで高還元\n永久不滅ポイントとラウンジ特典\nカテゴリー上限が最大還元を制限\n上限を試算してから期待値を判断\n年会費11,000円。年間100万円の対象利用で翌年無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/saison-gold-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-gold-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-gold-premium-product","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"セゾンゴールド・プレミアム：product","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/kohyo/creditcard/goldpremium/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:saison-platinum-amex:ja","entityId":"product:saison-platinum-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Saison Platinum American Express","plainText":"中価格帯の旅行プラチナ\n年会費33,000円で、Priority Pass・コンシェルジュ・旅行・ダイニング・マイル移行を備えるアメックス・プラチナ。\nPriority Passとコンシェルジュ\nマイル移行（JAL等）\n中価格帯のプラチナ\nAmexの利用可能店はVisa/Masterより狭い\nマイル価値は移行先で変動\n年会費33,000円。マイル移行に対応した中価格帯の旅行カード。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/saison-platinum-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-platinum-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-platinum-amex-product","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"セゾンプラチナ・アメックス：product","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/kohyo/creditcard/platinumamex/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:d-card-gold:ja","entityId":"product:d-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"d Card GOLD","plainText":"ドコモ世帯向けゴールド\n年会費11,000円で、対象のドコモ/ahamo利用料金10%還元を軸に、年間利用特典・ラウンジ・手厚いケータイ補償を備えるゴールド。\n対象ドコモ利用料金の10%還元\n年間利用特典クーポンとラウンジ\n手厚いケータイ補償\n10%は料金の一部が対象外\n料金最適化カードであり全方位10%ではない\n年会費11,000円。主に対象ドコモ料金10%で見合う。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/d-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ntt-docomo"],"families":["family:d-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"d-card-gold-product","publisher":"株式会社NTTドコモ","title":"dカード GOLD：product","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:d-card-platinum:ja","entityId":"product:d-card-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"d Card PLATINUM","plainText":"ドコモ大量利用向けプラチナ\n年会費29,700円で、対象ドコモ料金を最大20%還元（前月の買物額で率が変動）、上位ラウンジ、最大20万円のケータイ補償を備えるプラチナ。\n対象ドコモ料金を最大20%還元\n上位のラウンジ特典\n最大20万円のケータイ補償\n20%は高額な月間利用が前提\nドコモと利用が多くないと会費に見合いにくい\n年会費29,700円。ドコモ料金の還元率は前月の利用額で変動。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/d-card-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ntt-docomo"],"families":["family:d-card-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"d-card-platinum-product","publisher":"株式会社NTTドコモ","title":"dカード PLATINUM：product","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/platinum/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:au-pay-gold-card:ja","entityId":"product:au-pay-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"au PAY Gold Card","plainText":"au/UQ世帯向けゴールド\n年会費11,000円で、対象のau/UQ利用料金を最大10%、au PAYのチャージ・支払で合計最大5.5%を還元し、ラウンジも付帯するゴールド。経済圏外の一般利用は約1%。\n対象のau/UQ料金を最大10%\nau PAYのチャージ＋支払で最大5.5%\n空港ラウンジと保険\n高還元は経済圏の条件・上限が前提\n経済圏外の一般利用は約1%\n年会費11,000円。au経済圏内で高い競争力。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/au-pay-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:au-financial-service"],"families":["family:au-pay-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"au-pay-gold-card-product","publisher":"auフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"au PAY ゴールドカード：product","url":"https://www.au.com/payment/credit-card/gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:paypay-card-gold:ja","entityId":"product:paypay-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"PayPay Card Gold","plainText":"PayPay経済圏のゴールド\n年会費11,000円で、2026年6月2日以降は年間100万円の対象利用で11,000ポイントを付与し同額で会費を相殺、加えてLYPプレミアム・ラウンジ・ETC無料を備えるゴールド。\n年間100万円で11,000ポイント（会費相殺）\nLYPプレミアムと空港ラウンジ\nETCカード無料\n100万円未達で価値が大きく低下\n対象外や年度の区切りに注意\n年会費11,000円。年間100万円の対象利用時に11,000ポイントで実質相殺。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/paypay-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:paypay-card"],"families":["family:paypay-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"paypay-card-gold-product","publisher":"PayPayカード株式会社","title":"PayPayカード ゴールド：product","url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:aeon-card-select:ja","entityId":"product:aeon-card-select","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"AEON Card Select","plainText":"イオンの買物・銀行一体カード\n年会費無料で、イオンのクレジット・WAON電子マネー・イオン銀行口座を1枚に。お客さま感謝デーの割引やWAONオートチャージに対応。\n通常0.5%、対象イオングループで1%\nお客さま感謝デーは5%割引\nWAONオートチャージとイオン銀行特典\n計画的なイオン利用で最も有利\nイオン外の基本還元は控えめ\n年会費無料。イオンをよく使う人に最適。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/aeon-card-select","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-select"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"aeon-card-select-product","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"イオンカードセレクト：product","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/aeoncardselect/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:aeon-gold-card:ja","entityId":"product:aeon-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"AEON Gold Card","plainText":"招待制の年会費無料ゴールド\n発行後は年会費無料で、国内空港ラウンジと旅行保険が付くゴールド。基本は既存のイオン優良顧客向けの招待・アップグレード商品。\n発行後は年会費無料\n国内空港ラウンジと旅行保険\nイオン優良顧客への無料アップグレード\n招待・アップグレード制で誰でも申込めない\n既存イオン利用者であることが前提\n発行後は年会費無料。基本は招待・アップグレード商品。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/aeon-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"aeon-gold-card-product","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"イオンゴールドカード：product","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/goldcard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:orico-card-the-point:ja","entityId":"product:orico-card-the-point","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Orico Card THE POINT","plainText":"シンプルな1%の年会費無料カード\n年会費無料で100円につき1オリコポイント、入会後6か月は50万円まで2%になるシンプルな高還元カード。オリコモールの上乗せや多彩な交換に対応。\n基本1%、入会後6か月は2%\nオリコモールの上乗せ\nAmazon残高・マイル・提携先へ交換\nポイントは能動的な交換管理が必要\nポイントには有効期限規定がある\n年会費無料。基本1%、入会後6か月・50万円まで2%。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/orico-card-the-point","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:orico-card-the-point"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"orico-card-the-point-product","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"オリコカード・ザ・ポイント：product","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/the-point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:orico-the-point-premium-gold:ja","entityId":"product:orico-the-point-premium-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Orico Card THE POINT PREMIUM GOLD","plainText":"低コストの電子マネー系ゴールド\n年会費1,986円で、基本1%と6か月2%を維持しつつ、オリコモール+1%・対象のiD/QUICPay+0.5%を加える、最も安いゴールドのひとつ。\n基本1%＋6か月2%\nオリコモール1%・iD/QUICPay0.5%\n1,986円と非常に安いゴールド\n11,000〜30,000円級のラウンジ・保険には及ばない\nポイントは交換管理が必要\n年会費1,986円。最も安いゴールドのひとつ。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/orico-the-point-premium-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:orico-the-point-premium-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"orico-the-point-premium-gold-product","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"オリコカード・ザ・ポイント プレミアムゴールド：product","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/the-point-premium-gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card:ja","entityId":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card","plainText":"銀行系の年会費無料カード\n年会費無料で基本約0.5%。MUFG銀行口座・アプリ・対象店の条件が揃うと対象店で最大20%になる。MUFGグループ利用者に最適。\n年会費無料\n複数条件達成で対象店最大20%\nMUFG銀行・グループ連携\n基本還元は約0.5%\n20%は複数条件の積み上げが前提\n年会費無料。MUFG口座・対象店利用者に最適。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mitsubishi-ufj-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mitsubishi-ufj-card-product","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"三菱UFJカード：product","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige:ja","entityId":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card Gold Prestige","plainText":"MUFG経済圏のゴールド\n年会費11,000円（対象のWEB申込は初年度無料）で、国内空港ラウンジ・保険・証券投資特典・MUFG対象店ボーナスを備えるゴールド。\n国内空港ラウンジと保険\n対象のWEB申込は初年度無料\nMUFG証券・対象店の特典\nMUFG銀行・グループ利用が前提\nそうでなければ実質無料のSMBC/Eposゴールドが安いことも\n年会費11,000円。対象のWEB申込は初年度無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige-product","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"三菱UFJカード ゴールドプレステージ：product","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/lineup/goldprestige/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex:ja","entityId":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card Platinum American Express","plainText":"低価格のフルサービス型プラチナ\n年会費22,000円・家族カード1枚無料で、Priority Pass・コンシェルジュ・グルメ特典・保険という定番のプラチナを国内最安級で備える。\nPriority Passと24時間コンシェルジュ\nグルメ特典と手厚い保険\n家族カード1枚無料\n通常還元率は低め\nAmexの利用可能店は狭め\n年会費22,000円（家族カード1枚無料）。還元より特典重視のプラチナ。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex-product","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"三菱UFJカード プラチナ・アメックス：product","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/lineup/platinum_amex/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:view-card-standard:ja","entityId":"product:view-card-standard","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"View Card","plainText":"JR東日本・Suica通勤カード\n年会費524円で、価値は通常の0.5%利用よりモバイルSuica・JR東日本のきっぷ・JRE POINTの上乗せにある通勤特化カード。\nモバイルSuicaチャージ・JR東日本利用でJRE POINT\nSuica定期・きっぷと一体\n524円の低い年会費\nJR東日本エリア外では価値が限定的\n通常の買物還元は約0.5%\n年会費524円。Suica/JR東日本の通勤特化カード。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/view-card-standard","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:view-card-standard"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"view-card-standard-product","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"ビューカード：product","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:jre-card:ja","entityId":"product:jre-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JRE CARD","plainText":"駅ビルショッピングカード\n初年度無料・以降524円のビューカード。対象のJRE CARD優待店（駅ビル）で最大3.5%、Suica・JR東日本利用でも有利。\n対象の駅ビル優待店で最大3.5%\nSuica・JR東日本の特典\n初年度無料\n対象は地域・加盟店が限定的\n2026年9月1日から条件変更予定\n初年度無料・以降524円。対象駅ビルで最大3.5%。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jre-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:jre-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jre-card-product","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"JRE CARD：product","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/jrecard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:view-gold-plus-card:ja","entityId":"product:view-gold-plus-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"View Gold Plus Card","plainText":"JR東日本の上位トラベルゴールド\n年会費11,000円で、JR東日本の旅行ボーナス（新幹線等）・空港ラウンジ・保険・年間利用特典を加えるゴールドのビューカード。JR東日本・新幹線を多く使う人に強い。\nJR東日本・新幹線の利用ボーナス\n空港ラウンジと年間利用特典\n保険パッケージ\nJR東日本外では一般ゴールドとして特段有利ではない\n価値は頻繁な鉄道利用に依存\n年会費11,000円。JR東日本・新幹線を頻繁に使う人に最適。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/view-gold-plus-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:view-gold-plus-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"view-gold-plus-card-product","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"ビューゴールドプラスカード：product","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/goldplus/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:jal-card:ja","entityId":"product:jal-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL Card (Regular)","plainText":"入門JALマイルカード\n航空系カード（初年度無料・以降2,200円、Amex版は6,600円）で、初回搭乗ボーナス・10%搭乗ボーナス・JALカードマイルプラスによりJALマイルが貯まる。発行会社・保険・手数料は提携先による。\n初回搭乗ボーナスと10%搭乗ボーナス\n対象利用でJALカードマイルプラス\nショッピングマイル・プレミアムの上乗せオプション\nAmex・Suica版は会費が異なる\n発行は通常3週間程度\n初年度無料・以降2,200円（Amex版は6,600円）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-card-product","publisher":"株式会社JALカード","title":"JALカード（普通）：product","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jalcard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:jal-club-a-gold:ja","entityId":"product:jal-club-a-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL CLUB-A Gold Card","plainText":"頻繁に飛ぶ人向けJALゴールド\nJALゴールド。主要な年会費17,600円（Suica/Amex版20,900円、Diners34,100円）で、25%搭乗ボーナス・強化ショッピングマイル・提携先ごとのラウンジ/保険を備える。\n25%搭乗ボーナス\n強化されたショッピングマイル\n提携先ごとのラウンジ・保険\nブランド・Suica・ラウンジ・海外手数料で版を選ぶ\n版により会費が異なる\n主要17,600円（Suica/Amex20,900円、Diners34,100円）。25%搭乗ボーナス。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-club-a-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-club-a-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-club-a-gold-product","publisher":"株式会社JALカード","title":"JAL CLUB-Aゴールドカード：product","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jalcard/lineup/clubagold.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:jal-platinum:ja","entityId":"product:jal-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL Platinum Card","plainText":"国際線重視のJALプラチナ\nJALプラチナ（JCB・Amex版で約34,100円）で、JALの上位搭乗ボーナスにコンシェルジュ・ラウンジ・保険を組み合わせる。JAL国際線を頻繁に使う人向け。\nコンシェルジュとPriority Pass/ラウンジ\nJALの上位搭乗ボーナス\n手厚い保険\n特典枠・燃油等でマイル価値は下がる\n上位クラス特典を狙う頻繁な利用者向け\n約34,100円（JCB/Amex版）。JAL国際線を多く使う人向け。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-platinum-product","publisher":"株式会社JALカード","title":"JALプラチナカード：product","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jalcard/lineup/platinum.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:ana-general-card:ja","entityId":"product:ana-general-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa/Master General Card","plainText":"入門ANAマイルカード\nANA提携カード（初年度無料・以降2,200円）で、1,000マイルの入会ボーナス・10%搭乗ボーナス・ANAカードマイルプラスを備える。実際の還元は移行コース次第。\n1,000マイル入会ボーナスと10%搭乗ボーナス\n対象利用でANAカードマイルプラス\n初年度無料\n還元はマイル移行コース・手数料で変わる\n入門の航空カードで一般利用最強ではない\n初年度無料・以降2,200円。1,000マイルの入会ボーナス。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-general-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-general-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-general-card-product","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社（ANA提携）","title":"ANA VISA/マスター一般カード：product","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/reference/tameru/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:ana-wide-gold-card:ja","entityId":"product:ana-wide-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa/Master Wide Gold Card","plainText":"頻繁に飛ぶ人向けANAゴールド\n年会費15,400円で、2,000マイル入会ボーナス・25%搭乗ボーナス・ラウンジ・保険・一般カードより有利な移行条件を備えるANAゴールド。\n2,000マイル入会と25%搭乗ボーナス\n空港ラウンジと保険\nより有利なマイル移行\nANA搭乗が多い人に最適\nたまにしか飛ばないなら汎用ポイント/現金還元が有利なことも\n年会費15,400円。2,000マイル入会・25%搭乗ボーナス。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-wide-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-wide-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-wide-gold-card-product","publisher":"ANA（三井住友カード発行）","title":"ANA VISA/マスター ワイドゴールドカード：product","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/reference/tameru/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:diners-club-card:ja","entityId":"product:diners-club-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Diners Club Card","plainText":"ダイニング・旅行のカード\n年会費29,700円で、強力なダイニング・旅行・ラウンジと、一律の上限ではない個別の利用枠を特徴とするダイナース。複数枚持ちの一枚として有効。\n強力なダイニング・旅行特典\n空港ラウンジ\n一律ではない個別の利用枠\nダイナースの利用可能店はVisa/Masterより狭い\n複数枚持ちの一枚として最適\n年会費29,700円。強力なダイニング・旅行・ラウンジ。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/diners-club-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:diners-club-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"diners-club-card-product","publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","title":"ダイナースクラブカード：product","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/card/lineup/diners_club_card.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:diners-club-premium:ja","entityId":"product:diners-club-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Diners Club Premium","plainText":"最上位のダイニング・旅行\n招待制・年会費165,000円で、家族カード無料、最上位のコンシェルジュ・ダイニング・ラウンジ・旅行、一律ではない利用枠を備える。現金還元より特典アクセスを重視する人向け。\n最上位のコンシェルジュ・ダイニング・ラウンジ・旅行\n家族カード無料\n一律ではない利用枠\n招待制で基準は非公開\n会費は特典の継続利用が前提\n年会費165,000円（家族カード無料）。招待制。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/diners-club-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:diners-club-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"diners-club-premium-product","publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","title":"ダイナースクラブ プレミアムカード：product","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/card/lineup/premium.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:luxury-card-titanium:ja","entityId":"product:luxury-card-titanium","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Luxury Card Mastercard Titanium","plainText":"入門の金属製プレミアム\n年会費55,000円の金属製Mastercardで、約1%還元、コンシェルジュ・ダイニング・旅行特典、1ポイント=1円のキャッシュバックを備える。ラグジュアリーカードの入門。\n金属製カードとコンシェルジュ\nダイニング・旅行特典\n約1%（1ポイント=1円のキャッシュバック）\nJCB/MUFGプラチナより高い\n特典を使ってこそ見合う\n年会費55,000円。入門の金属製プレミアム。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/luxury-card-titanium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:luxury-card-titanium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"luxury-card-titanium-product","publisher":"株式会社アプラス（ラグジュアリーカード）","title":"ラグジュアリーカード チタン：product","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/card/titanium/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:luxury-card-black:ja","entityId":"product:luxury-card-black","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Luxury Card Mastercard Black","plainText":"コンシェルジュ・ネットワーク型プレミアム\n年会費110,000円のWorld Elite Mastercardで、公表基本還元を約1.25%に引き上げ、強化コンシェルジュ・ダイニング・リムジン・ネットワーク特典と金属製を備える。\n基本約1.25%\n強化コンシェルジュ・ダイニング・リムジン\nWorld Eliteの金属製カード\n1.25%だけでは会費に見合わない\n特典の十分な利用でこそ価値\n年会費110,000円。基本約1.25%＋上位サービス。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/luxury-card-black","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:luxury-card-black"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"luxury-card-black-product","publisher":"ラグジュアリーカード（アプラス発行）","title":"ラグジュアリーカード ブラック：product","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/card/black/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:luxury-card-gold:ja","entityId":"product:luxury-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Luxury Card Mastercard Gold","plainText":"最上位の還元・ステータス\n年会費220,000円の金色金属製Mastercardで、シリーズ最高の公表基本還元（約1.5%）と拡張された上位サービスを備える、本調査で最も高額なカード。\nシリーズ最高の基本還元（約1.5%）\n金色の金属製カード\n拡張された上位サービス\n高額利用でも還元だけでは会費を賄えない\nステータス・コンシェルジュ・旅行価値で判断\n年会費220,000円。本調査で最も高額。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/luxury-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:luxury-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"luxury-card-gold-product","publisher":"ラグジュアリーカード（アプラス発行）","title":"ラグジュアリーカード ゴールド：product","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/card/gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:olive-flexible-pay:ja","entityId":"product:olive-flexible-pay","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Olive Flexible Pay","plainText":"オールインワン口座一体型カード（一般）\n1枚でデビット・クレジット・ポイント払いを切り替えられ、三井住友銀行口座と連携するオールインワンカード。一般ランクは年会費無料でVポイントが貯まる。\n1枚でデビット・クレジット・ポイント払いを切替\n一般ランクは年会費無料\n選べる特典とタッチ決済のポイント上乗せ\nポイント上乗せは対象店舗・決済方法が条件\n連携する三井住友銀行口座・アプリの利用が前提\n一般ランクは年会費無料。上位ランクは別途年会費。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/olive-flexible-pay","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:olive-flexible-pay"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"olive-flexible-pay-product","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"Olive フレキシブルペイ（一般）：product","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:smbc-card-platinum:ja","entityId":"product:smbc-card-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Platinum","plainText":"サービス重視のプラチナカード\nサービス重視の三井住友カード最上位のVisaプラチナ。コンシェルジュ・空港ラウンジ・手厚い旅行保険が中心で、還元率より上位サービスが特徴。年会費は高め。\nコンシェルジュと上位の旅行サービス\n空港ラウンジと手厚い旅行保険\nVポイントが貯まる\n高い年会費に見合うサービス価値が必要\n高い基本還元より上位サービス重視\n本会員の年会費は税込55,000円。価値は上位サービスによる。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/smbc-card-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-card-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-card-platinum-product","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"三井住友カード プラチナ：product","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/platinum.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:jcb-card-w-plus-l:ja","entityId":"product:jcb-card-w-plus-l","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB Card W plus L","plainText":"18〜39歳向け年会費無料カード（特典付き）\nJCBカードWに、任意加入の女性向け保険・特典プログラムを付加したバリアント。永年無料・優遇還元の土台は同じで、新規申込は18〜39歳に限定。\n年会費永年無料（申込は18〜39歳）\nJCBカードWと同じ優遇された基本還元\n任意加入の保険・特典プログラム\n新規申込は18〜39歳に限定\n付帯プログラムは別途月額費用がかかる場合がある\nカード自体は年会費無料。任意の付帯プログラムは別途費用の場合あり。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jcb-card-w-plus-l","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-card-w-plus-l"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-card-w-plus-l-product","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"JCBカード W plus L：product","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcb_w_plus_l.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-pink-card:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-pink-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten PINK Card","plainText":"年会費無料カード（選べる特典付き）\n通常カードと同じく年会費無料・楽天ポイントの土台に、カスタムデザインや生活優待、女性向け保険といった任意加入の特典プログラムを追加できる楽天カードのバリアント。\n本カードは年会費無料\n通常カードと同じく楽天ポイントが貯まる\n任意加入の特典・保険プログラム\n付帯プログラムは別途月額費用がかかる\n基本付与は通常の楽天カードと同じ\n本カードは年会費無料。任意の付帯プログラムは別途費用。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-pink-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-pink-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-pink-card-product","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"楽天PINKカード：product","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-pink-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:aeon-card-waon:ja","entityId":"product:aeon-card-waon","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"AEON Card (WAON integrated)","plainText":"年会費無料・WAON電子マネー一体型カード\n年会費無料で、クレジット・キャッシュ機能・WAON電子マネーを1枚にまとめたイオンカード。WAON POINTが貯まり、イオングループの割引デーなどの優待がある。\n年会費無料\nWAON電子マネー・キャッシュ機能を一体化\nイオングループの割引デー優待\nイオングループ利用者ほど利点が大きい\nポイント上乗せは対象日・店舗が条件\n年会費無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/aeon-card-waon","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-waon"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"aeon-card-waon-product","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"イオンカード（WAON一体型）：product","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/aeoncardwaon/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:view-suica-card:ja","entityId":"product:view-suica-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"\"View Suica\" Card","plainText":"Suica一体型の通勤・鉄道カード\nSuicaを一体化したJR東日本の代表的なビューカード。オートチャージに対応し、Suicaチャージやえきねっと等でJRE POINTが高めに貯まり、定期券も搭載できる。年会費あり。\nオートチャージ対応のSuica一体型\nSuicaチャージ・JR東日本サービスでJRE POINTが高め\n定期券をカードに搭載可能\n年会費無料の一般カードと異なり年会費がかかる\nJR東日本・Suica利用者ほど価値が高い\n年会費がかかる。最新の金額は商品ページで確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/view-suica-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:view-suica-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"view-suica-card-product","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"「ビュー・スイカ」カード：product","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/type/viewsuica/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:jal-card-suica:ja","entityId":"product:jal-card-suica","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL Card Suica","plainText":"Suica一体型のマイル系カード\nJR東日本と提携し、JALマイルの獲得とSuica一体機能を組み合わせたJALカード。JALマイルを貯めつつ、JRE POINT経由でSuicaにチャージできる。年会費あり。\nJALマイルが貯まる\nSuica一体でJRE POINTからチャージ\n任意のショッピングマイル・プレミアムで高め還元\n年会費がかかり、ショッピングマイル・プレミアムは別途費用\nJAL搭乗とSuica利用の両方がある人向け\n年会費がかかり、任意のショッピングマイル・プレミアムは別途費用。最新金額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-card-suica","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-card-suica"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-card-suica-product","publisher":"株式会社JALカード","title":"JALカード Suica：product","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jalcard/lineup/suica.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso:ja","entityId":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card VIASO","plainText":"年会費無料・オートキャッシュバックカード\n年会費無料の三菱UFJカード（Mastercard）。貯まったグローバルポイントが年1回自動で口座へキャッシュバックされ、手動交換や失効を気にせず使えるのが特徴。\n年会費無料\n貯めたポイントを年1回自動でキャッシュバック\n一部の携帯・プロバイダ登録先で還元アップ\nオートキャッシュバックには所定の最低ポイントが必要\n特約以外の基本還元は控えめ\n年会費無料。貯めたポイントは年1回自動でキャッシュバック。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso-product","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"三菱UFJカード VIASOカード：product","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/viaso/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"product:jcb-general-partner-with-point:ja","entityId":"product:jcb-general-partner-with-point","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB General / Partner With Point","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nJCB 一般カード / PARTNER WITH POINTは、JCBが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,375円\nJ-POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jcb-general-partner-with-point","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-general-partner-with-point"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-general-partner-with-point-product","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"JCB 一般カード / PARTNER WITH POINT：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/pwp.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"jcb-general-partner-with-point-lineup","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"JCB 一般カード / PARTNER WITH POINT：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/lineup/?3000_3010=1","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"jcb-general-partner-with-point-points","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"J-POINT：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:jcb-linda:ja","entityId":"product:jcb-linda","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB LINDA","plainText":"日常使いのカード\nJCB LINDAは、JCBが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nJ-POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：JCB\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jcb-linda","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-linda"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-linda-product","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"JCB LINDA：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/linda.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jcb-linda-lineup","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"JCB LINDA：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/lineup/?3000_3010=1","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jcb-linda-points","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"J-POINT：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jcb-card-r:ja","entityId":"product:jcb-card-r","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB Card R","plainText":"日常使いのカード\nJCB CARD Rは、JCBが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約2%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nJ-POINTが基本約2%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：JCB\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jcb-card-r","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-card-r"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-card-r-product","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"JCB CARD R：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/card_r.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jcb-card-r-lineup","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"JCB CARD R：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/lineup/?3000_3010=1","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jcb-card-r-points","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"J-POINT：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:saison-pearl-amex-digital:ja","entityId":"product:saison-pearl-amex-digital","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Saison Pearl Amex Digital","plainText":"通信・スマホ決済カード\nセゾンパール・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード Digitalは、クレディセゾンが発行する通信・スマホ決済カード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,100円\nPermanent Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,100円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/saison-pearl-amex-digital","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-pearl-amex-digital"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-pearl-amex-digital-product","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"セゾンパール・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード Digital：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/pearl/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"saison-pearl-amex-digital-lineup","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"セゾンパール・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード Digital：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"saison-pearl-amex-digital-points","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"Permanent Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/pearl/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:saison-gold-american-express-card:ja","entityId":"product:saison-gold-american-express-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Saison Gold American Express Card","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nセゾンゴールド・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.75%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nPermanent Pointsが基本約0.75%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/saison-gold-american-express-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-gold-american-express-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-gold-american-express-card-product","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"セゾンゴールド・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"saison-gold-american-express-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"セゾンゴールド・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"saison-gold-american-express-card-points","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"Permanent Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:saison-rose-gold-american-express-card:ja","entityId":"product:saison-rose-gold-american-express-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Saison Rose Gold American Express Card","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nセゾンローズゴールド・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.75%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nPermanent Pointsが基本約0.75%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/saison-rose-gold-american-express-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-rose-gold-american-express-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-rose-gold-american-express-card-product","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"セゾンローズゴールド・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/rose/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"saison-rose-gold-american-express-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"セゾンローズゴールド・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"saison-rose-gold-american-express-card-points","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"Permanent Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/rosegold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:gold-card-saison:ja","entityId":"product:gold-card-saison","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Gold Card Saison","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nゴールドカードセゾンは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nPermanent Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/gold-card-saison","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:gold-card-saison"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"gold-card-saison-product","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"ゴールドカードセゾン：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=gold","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"gold-card-saison-lineup","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"ゴールドカードセゾン：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"gold-card-saison-points","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"Permanent Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/006/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:saison-gold-associe-amex:ja","entityId":"product:saison-gold-associe-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Saison Gold Associe Amex","plainText":"ゴールドランクの日常使いのカード\nセゾンゴールド・アソシエ・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクの日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込2,200円。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.75%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nPermanent Pointsが基本約0.75%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：対象のセゾンカード会員であること。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/saison-gold-associe-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-gold-associe-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-gold-associe-amex-product","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"セゾンゴールド・アソシエ・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=gold","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"saison-gold-associe-amex-lineup","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"セゾンゴールド・アソシエ・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"saison-gold-associe-amex-points","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"Permanent Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/011/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mileageplus-saison-card:ja","entityId":"product:mileageplus-saison-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"MileagePlus Saison Card","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nMileagePlus セゾンカードは、クレディセゾンが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、American Express）。年会費は税込3,300円。対象利用でUnited MileagePlusが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込3,300円\nUnited MileagePlusが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間3,300円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込3,300円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mileageplus-saison-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:mileageplus-saison-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mileageplus-saison-card-product","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"MileagePlus セゾンカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mileageplus-saison-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"MileagePlus セゾンカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mileageplus-saison-card-points","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"United MileagePlus：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/026/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mileageplus-saison-gold-card:ja","entityId":"product:mileageplus-saison-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"MileagePlus Saison Gold Card","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nMileagePlus セゾンゴールドカードは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、American Express）。年会費は税込22,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でUnited MileagePlusが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込22,000円\nUnited MileagePlusが基本約1.5%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間22,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込22,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mileageplus-saison-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:mileageplus-saison-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mileageplus-saison-gold-card-product","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"MileagePlus セゾンゴールドカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/mileage/ua-gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mileageplus-saison-gold-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"MileagePlus セゾンゴールドカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mileageplus-saison-gold-card-points","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"United MileagePlus：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/027/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mileageplus-saison-platinum-card:ja","entityId":"product:mileageplus-saison-platinum-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"MileagePlus Saison Platinum Card","plainText":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード\nMileagePlus セゾンプラチナカードは、クレディセゾンが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は税込55,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でUnited MileagePlusが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込55,000円\nUnited MileagePlusが基本約1.5%で貯まる\nブランドによりプレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間55,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込55,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mileageplus-saison-platinum-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:mileageplus-saison-platinum-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mileageplus-saison-platinum-card-product","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"MileagePlus セゾンプラチナカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/mileage/ua-platinum/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mileageplus-saison-platinum-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"MileagePlus セゾンプラチナカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mileageplus-saison-platinum-card-points","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"United MileagePlus：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/028/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:muji-card:ja","entityId":"product:muji-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"MUJI Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nMUJI Cardは、クレディセゾンが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPermanent Points / MUJI pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nPermanent Points / MUJI pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/muji-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:muji-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"muji-card-product","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"MUJI Card：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"muji-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"MUJI Card：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"muji-card-points","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"Permanent Points / MUJI points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/029/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:loft-card:ja","entityId":"product:loft-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Loft Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nロフトカードは、クレディセゾンが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nPermanent Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/loft-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:loft-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"loft-card-product","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"ロフトカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"loft-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"ロフトカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"loft-card-points","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"Permanent Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/030/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:likeme-by-saison-card:ja","entityId":"product:likeme-by-saison-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Likeme by Saison Card","plainText":"ポイント還元カード\nLikeme by saison cardは、クレディセゾンが発行するポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でCashbackが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nCashbackが基本約1%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/likeme-by-saison-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:likeme-by-saison-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"likeme-by-saison-card-product","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"Likeme by saison card：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"likeme-by-saison-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"Likeme by saison card：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"likeme-by-saison-card-points","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"Cashback：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/083/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:shop-channel-card-saison:ja","entityId":"product:shop-channel-card-saison","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Shop Channel Card Saison","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nショップチャンネルカード セゾンは、クレディセゾンが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でShop Channel pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nShop Channel pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/shop-channel-card-saison","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:shop-channel-card-saison"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"shop-channel-card-saison-product","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"ショップチャンネルカード セゾン：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"shop-channel-card-saison-lineup","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"ショップチャンネルカード セゾン：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"shop-channel-card-saison-points","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"Shop Channel points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/078/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:nimoca-saison-card:ja","entityId":"product:nimoca-saison-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"nimoca Saison Card","plainText":"鉄道・交通系カード\nnimocaセゾンカードは、クレディセゾンが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でnimoca pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.3%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nnimoca pointsが基本約0.3%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/nimoca-saison-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:nimoca-saison-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"nimoca-saison-card-product","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"nimocaセゾンカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"nimoca-saison-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"nimocaセゾンカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"nimoca-saison-card-points","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"nimoca points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/067/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:samurai-blue-card-saison:ja","entityId":"product:samurai-blue-card-saison","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Samurai Blue Card Saison","plainText":"デザインカード\nSAMURAI BLUE カード セゾンは、クレディセゾンが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nPermanent Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/samurai-blue-card-saison","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:samurai-blue-card-saison"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"samurai-blue-card-saison-product","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"SAMURAI BLUE カード セゾン：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"samurai-blue-card-saison-lineup","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"SAMURAI BLUE カード セゾン：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"samurai-blue-card-saison-points","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"Permanent Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/076/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jq-card-saison-gold:ja","entityId":"product:jq-card-saison-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JQ Card Saison Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクのポイント還元カード\nJQ CARD セゾン GOLDは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でJR Kyushu Q points / Permanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nJR Kyushu Q points / Permanent Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jq-card-saison-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:jq-card-saison-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jq-card-saison-gold-product","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"JQ CARD セゾン GOLD：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=gold","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jq-card-saison-gold-lineup","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"JQ CARD セゾン GOLD：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jq-card-saison-gold-points","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"JR Kyushu Q points / Permanent Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/092/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:d-card-gold-u:ja","entityId":"product:d-card-gold-u","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"d Card Gold U","plainText":"ゴールドランクの通信・スマホ決済カード\ndカード GOLD Uは、NTTドコモが発行するゴールドランクの通信・スマホ決済カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込3,300円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でd POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込3,300円\nd POINTが基本約1%で貯まる\n国内ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間3,300円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18〜29歳。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込3,300円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/d-card-gold-u","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ntt-docomo"],"families":["family:d-card-gold-u"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"d-card-gold-u-product","publisher":"株式会社NTTドコモ","title":"dカード GOLD 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POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design-product","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"イオンカードセレクト（ミッキーマウス デザイン）：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/disney_select/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design-lineup","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"イオンカードセレクト（ミッキーマウス デザイン）：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design-points","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"WAON 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POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/aeon-card-select-minions","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-select-minions"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"aeon-card-select-minions-product","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"イオンカードセレクト（ミニオンズ）：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/minions_select/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-card-select-minions-lineup","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"イオンカードセレクト（ミニオンズ）：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-card-select-minions-points","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"WAON 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POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/aeon-card-minions","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-minions"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"aeon-card-minions-product","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"イオンカード（ミニオンズ）：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/minions/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-card-minions-lineup","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"イオンカード（ミニオンズ）：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-card-minions-points","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"WAON POINT：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:tgc-card:ja","entityId":"product:tgc-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"TGC Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nTGC CARDは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/tgc-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:tgc-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"tgc-card-product","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"TGC CARD：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/tgc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"tgc-card-lineup","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"TGC 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POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/cosmo-the-card-opus","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:cosmo-the-card-opus"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"cosmo-the-card-opus-product","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"コスモ・ザ・カード・オーパス：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/cosmo/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"cosmo-the-card-opus-lineup","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"コスモ・ザ・カード・オーパス：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"cosmo-the-card-opus-points","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"WAON 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POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険（規定による）\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/aeon-suica-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-suica-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"aeon-suica-card-product","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"イオンSuicaカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/aeonsuica/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-suica-card-lineup","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"イオンSuicaカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-suica-card-points","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"WAON POINT / JRE 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SUGOCA：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/jmbjqsugoca/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jmb-jq-sugoca-lineup","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"JMB JQ SUGOCA：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jmb-jq-sugoca-points","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"JAL miles / JR Kyushu Q points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/jmb_jq_sugoca/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:aeon-jmb-card:ja","entityId":"product:aeon-jmb-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"AEON JMB Card","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nイオンJMBカード（JMB WAON一体型）は、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nJAL milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/aeon-jmb-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-jmb-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"aeon-jmb-card-product","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"イオンJMBカード（JMB WAON一体型）：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/jmbwaon/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-jmb-card-lineup","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"イオンJMBカード（JMB WAON一体型）：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"aeon-jmb-card-points","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"JAL miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:benesse-aeon-card:ja","entityId":"product:benesse-aeon-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Benesse AEON Card","plainText":"学生向けカード\nベネッセ・イオンカード（WAON一体型）は、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する学生向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINT / Benesse pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINT / Benesse pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/benesse-aeon-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:benesse-aeon-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"benesse-aeon-card-product","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"ベネッセ・イオンカード（WAON一体型）：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/benesse/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"benesse-aeon-card-lineup","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"ベネッセ・イオンカード（WAON一体型）：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"benesse-aeon-card-points","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"WAON POINT / Benesse points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/benesse/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:kasumi-card:ja","entityId":"product:kasumi-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"KASUMI Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nKASUMIカードは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/kasumi-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:kasumi-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"kasumi-card-product","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"KASUMIカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/kasumi/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"kasumi-card-lineup","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"KASUMIカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"kasumi-card-points","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"WAON POINT：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:sports-authority-card:ja","entityId":"product:sports-authority-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Sports Authority Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nスポーツオーソリティカードは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点の発行会社の公式ラインアップに基づく記録。新規申込は受け付けていない。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\nイオンは本カードの新規申込受付を終了している。以下は最終確認時点の内容で、既存会員向けの記録として残している。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/sports-authority-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:sports-authority-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"sports-authority-card-lineup","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"スポーツオーソリティカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"sports-authority-card-points","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"WAON POINT：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:kojima-x-bic-camera-card:ja","entityId":"product:kojima-x-bic-camera-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Kojima x Bic Camera Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nコジマ×ビックカメラカードは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINT / store pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINT / store pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/kojima-x-bic-camera-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:kojima-x-bic-camera-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"kojima-x-bic-camera-card-product","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"コジマ×ビックカメラカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/kojima/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"kojima-x-bic-camera-card-lineup","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"コジマ×ビックカメラカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"kojima-x-bic-camera-card-points","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"WAON POINT / store points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/kojima/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:orico-card-the-point-upty:ja","entityId":"product:orico-card-the-point-upty","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Orico Card The Point UPty","plainText":"日常使いのカード\nOrico Card THE POINT UPtyは、オリコが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でOrico Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nOrico Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/orico-card-the-point-upty","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:orico-card-the-point-upty"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"orico-card-the-point-upty-product","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"Orico Card THE POINT UPty：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/upty/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"orico-card-the-point-upty-lineup","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"Orico Card THE POINT UPty：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"orico-card-the-point-upty-points","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"Orico Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:orico-card-the-gold-prime:ja","entityId":"product:orico-card-the-gold-prime","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Orico Card The Gold Prime","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nOrico Card THE GOLD PRIMEは、オリコが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でOrico Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nOrico Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/orico-card-the-gold-prime","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:orico-card-the-gold-prime"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"orico-card-the-gold-prime-product","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"Orico Card THE GOLD PRIME：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/thegoldprime/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"orico-card-the-gold-prime-lineup","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"Orico Card THE GOLD PRIME：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"orico-card-the-gold-prime-points","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"Orico Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:the-gold:ja","entityId":"product:the-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"The Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nThe Goldは、オリコが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nOrico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/the-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:the-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"the-gold-product","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"The Gold：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/thegold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"the-gold-lineup","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"The Gold：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"the-gold-points","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"Orico points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:gold-upty:ja","entityId":"product:gold-upty","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Gold UPty","plainText":"ゴールドランクの日常使いのカード\nGold UPtyは、オリコが発行するゴールドランクの日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込5,500円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込5,500円\nOrico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込5,500円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/gold-upty","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:gold-upty"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"gold-upty-product","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"Gold UPty：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/goldupty/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"gold-upty-lineup","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"Gold UPty：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"gold-upty-points","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"Orico points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ex-gold-for-biz-s:ja","entityId":"product:ex-gold-for-biz-s","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"EX Gold for Biz S","plainText":"ゴールドランクのビジネスカード\nEX Gold for Biz Sは、オリコが発行するゴールドランクのビジネスカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込2,200円。対象利用で暮らスマイル / Orico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.6%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\n暮らスマイル / Orico pointsが基本約0.6%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：個人事業主向け。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ex-gold-for-biz-s","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:ex-gold-for-biz-s"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ex-gold-for-biz-s-product","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"EX Gold for Biz S：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/business/creditcard/list/exgoldforbiz_s/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ex-gold-for-biz-s-lineup","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"EX Gold for Biz S：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ex-gold-for-biz-s-points","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"暮らスマイル / Orico points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/business/creditcard/exgoldforbizs/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ex-gold-for-biz-m:ja","entityId":"product:ex-gold-for-biz-m","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"EX Gold for Biz M","plainText":"ゴールドランクのビジネスカード\nEX Gold for Biz Mは、オリコが発行するゴールドランクのビジネスカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込2,200円。対象利用で暮らスマイル / Orico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.6%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\n暮らスマイル / Orico pointsが基本約0.6%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：法人代表者向け。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ex-gold-for-biz-m","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:ex-gold-for-biz-m"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ex-gold-for-biz-m-product","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"EX Gold for Biz M：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/business/creditcard/list/exgoldforbiz_m/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ex-gold-for-biz-m-lineup","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"EX Gold for Biz M：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ex-gold-for-biz-m-points","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"暮らスマイル / Orico points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/business/creditcard/exgoldforbizm/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:love-the-earth:ja","entityId":"product:love-the-earth","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Love the Earth","plainText":"寄付型カード\nLOVE THE EARTHは、オリコが発行する寄付型カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nOrico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/love-the-earth","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:love-the-earth"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"love-the-earth-product","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"LOVE THE EARTH：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/earth/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"love-the-earth-lineup","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"LOVE THE EARTH：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"love-the-earth-points","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"Orico points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:red-feather-card:ja","entityId":"product:red-feather-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Red Feather Card","plainText":"寄付型カード\n赤い羽根カードは、オリコが発行する寄付型カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nOrico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：Mastercard\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/red-feather-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:red-feather-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"red-feather-card-product","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"赤い羽根カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/contribution/akaihane/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"red-feather-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"赤い羽根カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"red-feather-card-points","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"Orico points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:red-cross-orico-card:ja","entityId":"product:red-cross-orico-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Red Cross Orico Card","plainText":"寄付型カード\n赤十字オリコカードは、オリコが発行する寄付型カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nOrico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：Mastercard\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/red-cross-orico-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:red-cross-orico-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"red-cross-orico-card-product","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"赤十字オリコカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/contribution/redcross/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"red-cross-orico-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"赤十字オリコカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"red-cross-orico-card-points","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"Orico points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:japan-animal-welfare-society-card:ja","entityId":"product:japan-animal-welfare-society-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Japan Animal Welfare Society Card","plainText":"寄付型カード\n日本動物愛護協会カードは、オリコが発行する寄付型カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nOrico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：Mastercard\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/japan-animal-welfare-society-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:japan-animal-welfare-society-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"japan-animal-welfare-society-card-product","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"日本動物愛護協会カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/contribution/jspca/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"japan-animal-welfare-society-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"日本動物愛護協会カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"japan-animal-welfare-society-card-points","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"Orico points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:wild-bird-society-of-japan-card:ja","entityId":"product:wild-bird-society-of-japan-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Wild Bird Society of Japan Card","plainText":"寄付型カード\n日本野鳥の会カードは、オリコが発行する寄付型カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nOrico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：Mastercard\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/wild-bird-society-of-japan-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:wild-bird-society-of-japan-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"wild-bird-society-of-japan-card-product","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"日本野鳥の会カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/contribution/birdfun/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"wild-bird-society-of-japan-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"日本野鳥の会カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"wild-bird-society-of-japan-card-points","publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","title":"Orico points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold:ja","entityId":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\n三菱UFJカード ゴールドは、三菱UFJニコスが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でGlobal Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nGlobal Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-product","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"三菱UFJカード ゴールド：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/mucard_goldprestige/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-lineup","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"三菱UFJカード ゴールド：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-points","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"Global Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mufg-card-disney-design:ja","entityId":"product:mufg-card-disney-design","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"MUFG Card Disney Design","plainText":"デザインカード\n三菱UFJカード（ディズニー・デザイン）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でGlobal Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,375円\nGlobal Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mufg-card-disney-design","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mufg-card-disney-design"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mufg-card-disney-design-product","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"三菱UFJカード（ディズニー・デザイン）：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/mufgcard_disney/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mufg-card-disney-design-lineup","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"三菱UFJカード（ディズニー・デザイン）：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mufg-card-disney-design-points","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"Global Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio:ja","entityId":"product:viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"VIASO mofusand x Sanrio","plainText":"デザインカード\nVIASOカード（mofusand×サンリオキャラクターズ）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でVIASO Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nVIASO Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio-product","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"VIASOカード（mofusand×サンリオキャラクターズ）：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_mofusand_sanrio/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio-lineup","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"VIASOカード（mofusand×サンリオキャラクターズ）：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio-points","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"VIASO Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:viaso-cinnamoroll:ja","entityId":"product:viaso-cinnamoroll","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"VIASO Cinnamoroll","plainText":"デザインカード\nVIASOカード（シナモロール）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でVIASO Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nVIASO Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/viaso-cinnamoroll","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:viaso-cinnamoroll"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"viaso-cinnamoroll-product","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"VIASOカード（シナモロール）：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_cinnamon/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"viaso-cinnamoroll-lineup","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"VIASOカード（シナモロール）：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"viaso-cinnamoroll-points","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"VIASO Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:viaso-my-melody:ja","entityId":"product:viaso-my-melody","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"VIASO My Melody","plainText":"デザインカード\nVIASOカード（マイメロディ）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でVIASO Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nVIASO Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/viaso-my-melody","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:viaso-my-melody"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"viaso-my-melody-product","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"VIASOカード（マイメロディ）：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_mm/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"viaso-my-melody-lineup","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"VIASOカード（マイメロディ）：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"viaso-my-melody-points","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"VIASO Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:viaso-gudetama:ja","entityId":"product:viaso-gudetama","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"VIASO Gudetama","plainText":"デザインカード\nVIASOカード（ぐでたま）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でVIASO Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nVIASO Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/viaso-gudetama","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:viaso-gudetama"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"viaso-gudetama-product","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"VIASOカード（ぐでたま）：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_gudetama/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"viaso-gudetama-lineup","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"VIASOカード（ぐでたま）：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"viaso-gudetama-points","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"VIASO Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:viaso-urawa-reds:ja","entityId":"product:viaso-urawa-reds","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"VIASO Urawa Reds","plainText":"デザインカード\nVIASOカード（浦和レッズ）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でVIASO Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nVIASO Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/viaso-urawa-reds","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:viaso-urawa-reds"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"viaso-urawa-reds-product","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"VIASOカード（浦和レッズ）：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_reds/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"viaso-urawa-reds-lineup","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"VIASOカード（浦和レッズ）：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"viaso-urawa-reds-points","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"VIASO Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jizile:ja","entityId":"product:jizile","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Jizile","plainText":"日常使いのカード\nJizile（ジザイル）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でGlobal Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nGlobal Pointsが基本約1.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jizile","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:jizile"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jizile-product","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"Jizile（ジザイル）：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/dc_jizile/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jizile-lineup","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"Jizile（ジザイル）：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jizile-points","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"Global Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ja-card:ja","entityId":"product:ja-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JA Card","plainText":"銀行一体型カード\nJAカードは、三菱UFJニコスが発行する銀行一体型カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でGlobal Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,375円\nGlobal Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ja-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:ja-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ja-card-product","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"JAカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/ja/cash_001/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ja-card-lineup","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"JAカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ja-card-points","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"Global Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:eneos-card-s:ja","entityId":"product:eneos-card-s","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ENEOS Card S","plainText":"給油系カード\nENEOSカード Sは、三菱UFJニコスが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。ENEOS points / discountsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,375円\nENEOS points / discountsが貯まる\nロードサービスが付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/eneos-card-s","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:eneos-card-s"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"eneos-card-s-product","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"ENEOSカード S：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"eneos-card-s-lineup","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"ENEOSカード S：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"eneos-card-s-points","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"ENEOS points / discounts：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:eneos-card-p:ja","entityId":"product:eneos-card-p","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ENEOS Card P","plainText":"ポイント還元カード\nENEOSカード Pは、三菱UFJニコスが発行するポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。ENEOS pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,375円\nENEOS pointsが貯まる\nロードサービスが付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/eneos-card-p","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:eneos-card-p"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"eneos-card-p-product","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"ENEOSカード P：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"eneos-card-p-lineup","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"ENEOSカード P：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"eneos-card-p-points","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"ENEOS points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:eneos-card-c:ja","entityId":"product:eneos-card-c","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ENEOS Card C","plainText":"給油系カード\nENEOSカード Cは、三菱UFJニコスが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。Fuel discountが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,375円\nFuel discountが貯まる\nロードサービスが付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/eneos-card-c","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:eneos-card-c"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"eneos-card-c-product","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"ENEOSカード C：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"eneos-card-c-lineup","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"ENEOSカード C：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"eneos-card-c-points","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"Fuel discount：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:gdo-card:ja","entityId":"product:gdo-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"GDO Card","plainText":"デザインカード\nGDOカード（一般）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は無料。GDO Pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nGDO Pointsが貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/gdo-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:gdo-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"gdo-card-product","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"GDOカード（一般）：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/gdo/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"gdo-card-lineup","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"GDOカード（一般）：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"gdo-card-points","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"GDO Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/gdo/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:gdo-gold-card:ja","entityId":"product:gdo-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"GDO Gold Card","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nGDOカード（ゴールド）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込15,746円。GDO Pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込15,746円\nGDO Pointsが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間15,746円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込15,746円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/gdo-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:gdo-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"gdo-gold-card-product","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"GDOカード（ゴールド）：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/gdo_gold/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"gdo-gold-card-lineup","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"GDOカード（ゴールド）：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"gdo-gold-card-points","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"GDO Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/gdo_gold/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:skypass-mufg-card:ja","entityId":"product:skypass-mufg-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SKYPASS MUFG Card","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nSKYPASS MUFGカードは、三菱UFJニコスが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込3,300円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Korean Air SKYPASSが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込3,300円\nKorean Air SKYPASSが貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間3,300円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込3,300円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/skypass-mufg-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:skypass-mufg-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"skypass-mufg-card-product","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"SKYPASS MUFGカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/skypass/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"skypass-mufg-card-lineup","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"SKYPASS MUFGカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"skypass-mufg-card-points","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"Korean Air SKYPASS：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/skypass/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:skypass-mufg-gold:ja","entityId":"product:skypass-mufg-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SKYPASS MUFG Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nSKYPASS MUFGカード ゴールドは、三菱UFJニコスが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。Korean Air SKYPASSが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nKorean Air SKYPASSが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/skypass-mufg-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:skypass-mufg-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"skypass-mufg-gold-product","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"SKYPASS MUFGカード ゴールド：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/skypass_gold/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"skypass-mufg-gold-lineup","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"SKYPASS MUFGカード ゴールド：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"skypass-mufg-gold-points","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"Korean Air SKYPASS：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/skypass_gold/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex:ja","entityId":"product:miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Miles & More MUFG Platinum Amex","plainText":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード\nMiles & More MUFG CARD Platinum American Expressは、三菱UFJニコスが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込30,800円。Miles & Moreが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込30,800円\nMiles & Moreが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間30,800円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込30,800円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex-product","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"Miles & More MUFG CARD Platinum American Express：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/amex/apply/miles_more/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex-lineup","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"Miles & More MUFG CARD Platinum American Express：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex-points","publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","title":"Miles & 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POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/view-card-standard-revo","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:view-card-standard-revo"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"view-card-standard-revo-product","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"ビューカード スタンダード（リボ）：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/en/card/first/rev.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"view-card-standard-revo-lineup","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"ビューカード スタンダード（リボ）：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"view-card-standard-revo-points","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"JRE 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POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,048円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,048円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/lumine-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:lumine-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"lumine-card-product","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"ルミネカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/lumine.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"lumine-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"ルミネカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"lumine-card-points","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"JRE POINT：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jal-card-suica-club-a:ja","entityId":"product:jal-card-suica-club-a","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL Card Suica Club-A","plainText":"中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード\nJALカードSuica CLUB-Aは、ビューカードが発行する中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でJAL miles / JRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nJAL miles / JRE POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-card-suica-club-a","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:jal-card-suica-club-a"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-card-suica-club-a-product","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"JALカードSuica CLUB-A：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/jalsuica.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-card-suica-club-a-lineup","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"JALカードSuica CLUB-A：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-card-suica-club-a-points","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"JAL miles / JRE POINT：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/jalsuica.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:bic-camera-suica-card:ja","entityId":"product:bic-camera-suica-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Bic Camera Suica Card","plainText":"鉄道・交通系カード\nビックカメラSuicaカードは、ビューカードが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、JCB）。年会費は税込524円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でBic points / JRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込524円\nBic points / JRE POINTが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間524円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込524円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/bic-camera-suica-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:bic-camera-suica-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"bic-camera-suica-card-product","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"ビックカメラSuicaカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/en/card/first/bic/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"bic-camera-suica-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"ビックカメラSuicaカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"bic-camera-suica-card-points","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"Bic points / JRE 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POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,624円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：所定の年齢条件あり。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,624円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle-product","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"大人の休日倶楽部ミドルカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/en/otona/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle-lineup","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"大人の休日倶楽部ミドルカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle-points","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"JRE 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POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間4,364円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：より高い年齢条件あり。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込4,364円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang-product","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"大人の休日倶楽部ジパングカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/en/card/first/otokyu.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang-lineup","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"大人の休日倶楽部ジパングカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang-points","publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","title":"JRE 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CLUB-A：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/card/club_a.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-club-a-lineup","publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","title":"JALカード CLUB-A：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-club-a-points","publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","title":"JAL miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jal-diners-card:ja","entityId":"product:jal-diners-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL Diners Card","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nJALダイナースカードは、JALカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込30,800円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込30,800円\nJAL milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間30,800円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満27歳以上・発行会社の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込30,800円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-diners-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-diners-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-diners-card-product","publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","title":"JALダイナースカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/jaldiners_new.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-diners-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","title":"JALダイナースカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-diners-card-points","publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","title":"JAL miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jal-card-navi:ja","entityId":"product:jal-card-navi","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL Card navi","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nJALカード naviは、JALカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nJAL milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18〜29歳の学生。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-card-navi","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-card-navi"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-card-navi-product","publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","title":"JALカード navi：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/card/navi.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-card-navi-lineup","publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","title":"JALカード navi：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-card-navi-points","publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","title":"JAL miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jal-club-est-ordinary:ja","entityId":"product:jal-club-est-ordinary","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL Club EST Ordinary","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nJAL CLUB EST 普通カードは、JALカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は税込7,700円。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込7,700円\nJAL milesが基本約1%で貯まる\nラウンジクーポン・特典（規定による）\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間7,700円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20〜29歳。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込7,700円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-club-est-ordinary","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-club-est-ordinary"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-club-est-ordinary-product","publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","title":"JAL CLUB EST 普通カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/card/est.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-club-est-ordinary-lineup","publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","title":"JAL CLUB EST 普通カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-club-est-ordinary-points","publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","title":"JAL miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jal-club-est-gold-platinum:ja","entityId":"product:jal-club-est-gold-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL Club EST Gold/Platinum","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nJAL CLUB EST CLUB-Aゴールド/プラチナは、JALカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express、Diners Club）。確認した資料では単一の年会費が公表されていない。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費は発行会社ページに記載\nJAL milesが基本約1%で貯まる\nラウンジ特典あり\n申込条件：満20〜29歳。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n確認した資料では単一の年会費が公表されていない。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-club-est-gold-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-club-est-gold-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-club-est-gold-platinum-product","publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","title":"JAL CLUB EST CLUB-Aゴールド/プラチナ：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-club-est-gold-platinum-lineup","publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","title":"JAL CLUB EST CLUB-Aゴールド/プラチナ：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-club-est-gold-platinum-points","publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","title":"JAL miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-mastercard-general:ja","entityId":"product:ana-mastercard-general","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Mastercard General","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nANA Mastercard 一般カードは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-mastercard-general","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-mastercard-general"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-mastercard-general-product","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA Mastercard 一般カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-mastercard-general-lineup","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA Mastercard 一般カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-mastercard-general-points","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-jcb-general:ja","entityId":"product:ana-jcb-general","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA JCB General","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nANA JCB 一般カードは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-jcb-general","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-jcb-general"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-jcb-general-product","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA JCB 一般カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp1.html/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-jcb-general-lineup","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA JCB 一般カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-jcb-general-points","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-american-express-card:ja","entityId":"product:ana-american-express-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA American Express Card","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nANA アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込7,700円。対象利用でMembership Rewards / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込7,700円\nMembership Rewards / ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間7,700円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込7,700円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-american-express-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-american-express-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-american-express-card-product","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/ana-classic-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-american-express-card-lineup","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-american-express-card-points","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"Membership Rewards / ANA miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb:ja","entityId":"product:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA To Me Card PASMO JCB","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nANA To Me CARD PASMO JCB (ソラチカ一般)は、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でOki Doki/J-POINT, Metro points, ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nOki Doki/J-POINT, Metro points, ANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-product","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA To Me CARD PASMO JCB (ソラチカ一般)：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp3.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-lineup","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA To Me CARD PASMO JCB (ソラチカ一般)：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-points","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"Oki Doki/J-POINT, Metro points, ANA miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard:ja","entityId":"product:ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA TOKYU Point ClubQ PASMO Mastercard","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nANA TOKYU POINT ClubQ PASMO Mastercardは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でV POINT / TOKYU POINT / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nV POINT / TOKYU POINT / ANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard-product","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA TOKYU POINT ClubQ PASMO Mastercard：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/anatopclubq/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard-lineup","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA TOKYU POINT ClubQ PASMO Mastercard：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard-points","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"V POINT / TOKYU POINT / ANA miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-visa-suica:ja","entityId":"product:ana-visa-suica","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa Suica","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nANA VISA Suicaカードは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でV POINT / ANA miles / Suicaが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nV POINT / ANA miles / Suicaが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-visa-suica","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-visa-suica"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-visa-suica-product","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA VISA Suicaカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/anasuica/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-visa-suica-lineup","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA VISA Suicaカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-visa-suica-points","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"V POINT / ANA miles / Suica：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-visa-wide:ja","entityId":"product:ana-visa-wide","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa Wide","plainText":"中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード\nANA VISAワイドカードは、ANAカードが発行する中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込7,975円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込7,975円\nANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間7,975円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込7,975円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-visa-wide","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-visa-wide"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-visa-wide-product","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA VISAワイドカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-visa-wide-lineup","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA VISAワイドカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-visa-wide-points","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-mastercard-wide:ja","entityId":"product:ana-mastercard-wide","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Mastercard Wide","plainText":"中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード\nANA Mastercardワイドカードは、ANAカードが発行する中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込7,975円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込7,975円\nANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間7,975円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込7,975円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-mastercard-wide","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-mastercard-wide"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-mastercard-wide-product","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA Mastercardワイドカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-mastercard-wide-lineup","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA Mastercardワイドカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-mastercard-wide-points","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-jcb-wide:ja","entityId":"product:ana-jcb-wide","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA JCB Wide","plainText":"中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード\nANA JCBワイドカードは、ANAカードが発行する中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込7,975円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込7,975円\nANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間7,975円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込7,975円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-jcb-wide","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-jcb-wide"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-jcb-wide-product","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA JCBワイドカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp1.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-jcb-wide-lineup","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA JCBワイドカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-jcb-wide-points","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-mastercard-wide-gold:ja","entityId":"product:ana-mastercard-wide-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Mastercard Wide Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nANA Mastercard ワイドゴールドカードは、ANAカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込15,400円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込15,400円\nANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n国内空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間15,400円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込15,400円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-mastercard-wide-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-mastercard-wide-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-mastercard-wide-gold-product","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA Mastercard ワイドゴールドカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-mastercard-wide-gold-lineup","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA Mastercard ワイドゴールドカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-mastercard-wide-gold-points","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-jcb-wide-gold:ja","entityId":"product:ana-jcb-wide-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA JCB Wide Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nANA JCBワイドゴールドカードは、ANAカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込15,400円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込15,400円\nANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n国内空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間15,400円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込15,400円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-jcb-wide-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-jcb-wide-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-jcb-wide-gold-product","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA JCBワイドゴールドカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp1.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-jcb-wide-gold-lineup","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA JCBワイドゴールドカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-jcb-wide-gold-points","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-amex-gold:ja","entityId":"product:ana-amex-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Amex Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nANA アメリカン・エキスプレス・ゴールド・カードは、ANAカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込34,100円。対象利用でMembership Rewards / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込34,100円\nMembership Rewards / ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間34,100円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込34,100円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-amex-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-amex-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-amex-gold-product","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA アメリカン・エキスプレス・ゴールド・カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/ana-gold-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-amex-gold-lineup","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA アメリカン・エキスプレス・ゴールド・カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-amex-gold-points","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"Membership Rewards / ANA miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-diners-card:ja","entityId":"product:ana-diners-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Diners Card","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nANAダイナースカードは、ANAカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込29,700円\nANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間29,700円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満27歳以上・発行会社の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-diners-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-diners-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-diners-card-product","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANAダイナースカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/anadiners_new.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-diners-card-lineup","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANAダイナースカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-diners-card-points","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-jcb-zero:ja","entityId":"product:ana-jcb-zero","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA JCB Zero","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nANA JCBカード ZEROは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点の発行会社の公式ラインアップに基づく記録。新規申込は受け付けていない。\n年会費無料\nANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：JCB\nANAは本カードの新規申込受付を終了している。以下は最終確認時点の内容で、既存会員向けの記録として残している。\n申込条件：満18〜29歳。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-jcb-zero","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-jcb-zero"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-jcb-zero-lineup","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA JCBカード ZERO：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-jcb-zero-points","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-visa-platinum-premium:ja","entityId":"product:ana-visa-platinum-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa Platinum Premium","plainText":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード\nANA VISAプラチナ プレミアムカードは、ANAカードが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込88,000円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込88,000円\nANA milesが基本約1.5%で貯まる\nプライオリティ・パスとコンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間88,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満30歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込88,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-visa-platinum-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-visa-platinum-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-visa-platinum-premium-product","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA VISAプラチナ プレミアムカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/platinum/brand/index_ana.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-visa-platinum-premium-lineup","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA VISAプラチナ プレミアムカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-visa-platinum-premium-points","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-jcb-premium:ja","entityId":"product:ana-jcb-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA JCB Premium","plainText":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード\nANA JCBカード プレミアムは、ANAカードが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込77,000円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込77,000円\nANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\nプライオリティ・パスとコンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間77,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満30歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込77,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-jcb-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-jcb-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-jcb-premium-product","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA JCBカード プレミアム：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp1.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-jcb-premium-lineup","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA JCBカード プレミアム：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-jcb-premium-points","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-amex-premium:ja","entityId":"product:ana-amex-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Amex Premium","plainText":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード\nANA アメリカン・エキスプレス・プレミアム・カードは、ANAカードが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込165,000円。対象利用でMembership Rewards / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込165,000円\nMembership Rewards / ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\nプレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間165,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：インビテーションおよび所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込165,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-amex-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-amex-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-amex-premium-product","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA アメリカン・エキスプレス・プレミアム・カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/ana-premium-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-amex-premium-lineup","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA アメリカン・エキスプレス・プレミアム・カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-amex-premium-points","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"Membership Rewards / ANA miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-diners-premium:ja","entityId":"product:ana-diners-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Diners Premium","plainText":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード\nANAダイナース プレミアムカードは、ANAカードが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込170,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。ANA milesが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込170,500円\nANA milesが貯まる\nプレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ\n申込状況：インビテーション制。\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間170,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n年会費は税込170,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-diners-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-diners-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-diners-premium-product","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANAダイナース プレミアムカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/anadiners_premium.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-diners-premium-lineup","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANAダイナース プレミアムカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-diners-premium-points","publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","title":"ANA miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:diners-club-business-card:ja","entityId":"product:diners-club-business-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Diners Club Business Card","plainText":"プレミアムランクのビジネスカード\nダイナースクラブ ビジネスカードは、ダイナースクラブが発行するプレミアムランクのビジネスカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Diners Club Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込29,700円\nDiners Club Rewardsが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間29,700円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：事業主向け。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/diners-club-business-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:diners-club-business-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"diners-club-business-card-product","publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","title":"ダイナースクラブ ビジネスカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/corporate/cardlineup/business.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"diners-club-business-card-lineup","publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","title":"ダイナースクラブ ビジネスカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"diners-club-business-card-points","publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","title":"Diners Club Rewards：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/point.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ginza-diners-club-card:ja","entityId":"product:ginza-diners-club-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Ginza Diners Club Card","plainText":"プレミアムランクの日常使いのカード\n銀座ダイナースクラブカードは、ダイナースクラブが発行するプレミアムランクの日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込33,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Diners Club Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込33,000円\nDiners Club Rewardsが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間33,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：発行会社の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込33,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ginza-diners-club-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:ginza-diners-club-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ginza-diners-club-card-product","publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","title":"銀座ダイナースクラブカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/ginzadiners.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ginza-diners-club-card-lineup","publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","title":"銀座ダイナースクラブカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ginza-diners-club-card-points","publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","title":"Diners Club Rewards：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/point.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:bmw-diners-card:ja","entityId":"product:bmw-diners-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"BMW Diners Card","plainText":"プレミアムランクの給油系カード\nBMW ダイナースカードは、ダイナースクラブが発行するプレミアムランクの給油系カード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Diners Club Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込29,700円\nDiners Club Rewardsが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間29,700円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：発行会社の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/bmw-diners-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:bmw-diners-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"bmw-diners-card-product","publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","title":"BMW ダイナースカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/bmwdiners.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"bmw-diners-card-lineup","publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","title":"BMW ダイナースカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"bmw-diners-card-points","publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","title":"Diners Club Rewards：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/point.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:new-otani-club-diners:ja","entityId":"product:new-otani-club-diners","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"New Otani Club Diners","plainText":"プレミアムランクの旅行向けカード\nニューオータニクラブ ダイナースカードは、ダイナースクラブが発行するプレミアムランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Diners Club Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込29,700円\nDiners Club Rewardsが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間29,700円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：発行会社の審査・クラブ所定の条件。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/new-otani-club-diners","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:new-otani-club-diners"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"new-otani-club-diners-product","publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","title":"ニューオータニクラブ ダイナースカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/newotaniclubdiners.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"new-otani-club-diners-lineup","publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","title":"ニューオータニクラブ ダイナースカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"new-otani-club-diners-points","publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","title":"Diners Club Rewards：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/point.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:luxury-card-black-diamond:ja","entityId":"product:luxury-card-black-diamond","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Luxury Card Black Diamond","plainText":"ブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード\nMastercard Black Diamondは、ラグジュアリーカードが発行するブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込660,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Luxury Card Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込660,000円\nLuxury Card Rewardsが貯まる\nプレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ\n申込状況：インビテーション制。\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間660,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n年会費は税込660,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/luxury-card-black-diamond","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:luxury-card-black-diamond"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"luxury-card-black-diamond-product","publisher":"Black Card I 株式会社／株式会社アプラス","title":"Mastercard Black Diamond：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/blackdiamond/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"luxury-card-black-diamond-lineup","publisher":"Black Card I 株式会社／株式会社アプラス","title":"Mastercard Black Diamond：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/compare/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"luxury-card-black-diamond-points","publisher":"Black Card I 株式会社／株式会社アプラス","title":"Luxury Card Rewards：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/compare/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jal-luxury-card:ja","entityId":"product:jal-luxury-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL Luxury Card","plainText":"ブラック・招待制ランクの航空マイルカード\nJAL Luxury Cardは、ラグジュアリーカードが発行するブラック・招待制ランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込242,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。JAL miles / Luxury Card rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込242,000円\nJAL miles / Luxury Card rewardsが貯まる\nプレミアムラウンジ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間242,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込242,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-luxury-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:jal-luxury-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-luxury-card-product","publisher":"Black Card I 株式会社／株式会社アプラス","title":"JAL Luxury Card：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jal-luxury-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-luxury-card-lineup","publisher":"Black Card I 株式会社／株式会社アプラス","title":"JAL Luxury Card：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/compare/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-luxury-card-points","publisher":"Black Card I 株式会社／株式会社アプラス","title":"JAL miles / Luxury Card rewards：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/jal/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:jal-luxury-card-limited:ja","entityId":"product:jal-luxury-card-limited","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL Luxury Card Limited","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nJAL Luxury Card Limitedは、ラグジュアリーカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込599,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。JAL miles / Luxury Card rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込599,500円\nJAL miles / Luxury Card rewardsが貯まる\nプレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ\n申込状況：限定発行（提供状況を要確認）。\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間599,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n年会費は税込599,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-luxury-card-limited","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:jal-luxury-card-limited"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jal-luxury-card-limited-product","publisher":"Black Card I 株式会社／株式会社アプラス","title":"JAL Luxury Card Limited：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jal-luxury-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-luxury-card-limited-lineup","publisher":"Black Card I 株式会社／株式会社アプラス","title":"JAL Luxury Card Limited：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/compare/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jal-luxury-card-limited-points","publisher":"Black Card I 株式会社／株式会社アプラス","title":"JAL miles / Luxury Card rewards：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/jal/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:smbc-visa-infinite:ja","entityId":"product:smbc-visa-infinite","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SMBC Visa Infinite","plainText":"ブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード\n三井住友カード Visa Infiniteは、三井住友カードが発行するブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込99,000円。V POINTが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込99,000円\nV POINTが貯まる\nプレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間99,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：発行会社の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込99,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/smbc-visa-infinite","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-visa-infinite"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-visa-infinite-product","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"三井住友カード Visa Infinite：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/infinite.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"smbc-visa-infinite-lineup","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"三井住友カード Visa Infinite：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"smbc-visa-infinite-points","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"V POINT：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/mem/wp/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred:ja","entityId":"product:olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Olive Flexible Pay Platinum Preferred","plainText":"プラチナランクのポイント還元カード\nOlive フレキシブルペイ プラチナプリファードは、三井住友カードが発行するプラチナランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込33,000円。対象利用でV POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込33,000円\nV POINTが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間33,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：Oliveアカウントの契約と審査が必要。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込33,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred-product","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"Olive フレキシブルペイ プラチナプリファード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive-account/platinum-preferred/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred-lineup","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"Olive フレキシブルペイ プラチナプリファード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred-points","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"V POINT：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/mem/wp/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-visa-general-smbc:ja","entityId":"product:ana-visa-general-smbc","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa General (SMBC)","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nANA VISA 一般カードは、三井住友カードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でV POINT / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nV POINT / ANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-visa-general-smbc","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:ana-visa-general-smbc"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-visa-general-smbc-product","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"ANA VISA 一般カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-visa-general-smbc-lineup","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"ANA VISA 一般カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-visa-general-smbc-points","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"V POINT / ANA miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:visa-line-pay-credit-card-p:ja","entityId":"product:visa-line-pay-credit-card-p","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Visa LINE Pay Credit Card P+","plainText":"通信・スマホ決済カード\nVisa LINE Pay クレジットカード (P+)は、三井住友カードが発行する通信・スマホ決済カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でLINE Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nLINE Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：Visa\n申込状況：受付終了の可能性あり。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/visa-line-pay-credit-card-p","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:visa-line-pay-credit-card-p"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"visa-line-pay-credit-card-p-product","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"Visa LINE Pay クレジットカード (P+)：公式商品ページ","url":"http://smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/lpay/index2.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"visa-line-pay-credit-card-p-lineup","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"Visa LINE Pay クレジットカード (P+)：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"visa-line-pay-credit-card-p-points","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"LINE Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/linepay/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-bank-card:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-bank-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Bank Card","plainText":"銀行一体型カード\n楽天銀行カードは、楽天カードが発行する銀行一体型カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上・楽天銀行口座が必要。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-bank-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-bank-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-bank-card-product","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"楽天銀行カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/card/rc/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-bank-card-lineup","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"楽天銀行カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-bank-card-points","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"Rakuten Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten ANA Mileage Club Card","plainText":"航空マイルカード\n楽天ANAマイレージクラブカードは、楽天カードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でRakuten Points or ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込550円\nRakuten Points or ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間550円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card-product","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"楽天ANAマイレージクラブカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-amc-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card-lineup","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"楽天ANAマイレージクラブカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card-points","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"Rakuten Points or ANA miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-amc-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-card-academy:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-card-academy","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Card Academy","plainText":"学生向けカード\n楽天カード アカデミーは、楽天カードが発行する学生向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18〜28歳の学生。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-card-academy","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-card-academy"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card-academy-product","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"楽天カード アカデミー：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-card-academy/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-card-academy-lineup","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"楽天カード アカデミー：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-card-academy-points","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"Rakuten Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:alpen-group-rakuten-card:ja","entityId":"product:alpen-group-rakuten-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Alpen Group Rakuten Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nアルペングループ 楽天カードは、楽天カードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Points / Alpen pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Points / Alpen pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/alpen-group-rakuten-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:alpen-group-rakuten-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"alpen-group-rakuten-card-product","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"アルペングループ 楽天カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/alpen-rakuten-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"alpen-group-rakuten-card-lineup","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"アルペングループ 楽天カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"alpen-group-rakuten-card-points","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"Rakuten Points / Alpen points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/alpen-group/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mizuho-rakuten-card:ja","entityId":"product:mizuho-rakuten-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Mizuho Rakuten Card","plainText":"銀行一体型カード\nみずほ楽天カードは、楽天カードが発行する銀行一体型カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上・みずほ銀行口座に関する条件あり。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mizuho-rakuten-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:mizuho-rakuten-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mizuho-rakuten-card-product","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"みずほ楽天カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/mizuho-rakuten-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mizuho-rakuten-card-lineup","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"みずほ楽天カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mizuho-rakuten-card-points","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"Rakuten Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:hirogin-rakuten-card:ja","entityId":"product:hirogin-rakuten-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Hirogin Rakuten Card","plainText":"銀行一体型カード\nひろぎん楽天カードは、楽天カードが発行する銀行一体型カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上・地方銀行所定の条件あり。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/hirogin-rakuten-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:hirogin-rakuten-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"hirogin-rakuten-card-product","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"ひろぎん楽天カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/hirogin-rakuten-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"hirogin-rakuten-card-lineup","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"ひろぎん楽天カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"hirogin-rakuten-card-points","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"Rakuten 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マイカラーセレクション：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/design-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-card-my-color-selection-lineup","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"楽天カード マイカラーセレクション：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-card-my-color-selection-points","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"Rakuten Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-card-disney-design:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-card-disney-design","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Card Disney Design","plainText":"デザインカード\n楽天カード ディズニーデザインは、楽天カードが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-card-disney-design","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-card-disney-design"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card-disney-design-product","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"楽天カード ディズニーデザイン：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/design-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-card-disney-design-lineup","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"楽天カード ディズニーデザイン：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"rakuten-card-disney-design-points","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"Rakuten Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:rakuten-card-sanrio-designs:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-card-sanrio-designs","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Card Sanrio Designs","plainText":"デザインカード\n楽天カード サンリオデザインは、楽天カードが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-card-sanrio-designs","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-card-sanrio-designs"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-card-sanrio-designs-product","publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","title":"楽天カード 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pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国内空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の条件。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込5,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jq-card-epos-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:jq-card-epos-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jq-card-epos-gold-product","publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","title":"JQ CARD エポスゴールド：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/collabo/jq/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jq-card-epos-gold-lineup","publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","title":"JQ CARD エポスゴールド：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/cardlineup/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"jq-card-epos-gold-points","publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","title":"Epos Points / JR Kyushu Q points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/gecard/jq/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mga-epos-card:ja","entityId":"product:mga-epos-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"MGA Epos Card","plainText":"デザインカード\nMGAエポスカードは、エポスカードが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でEpos Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nEpos Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mga-epos-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:mga-epos-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mga-epos-card-product","publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","title":"MGAエポスカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/gecard/ec00007/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mga-epos-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","title":"MGAエポスカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/cardlineup/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mga-epos-card-points","publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","title":"Epos 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Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/chiikawa-epos-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:chiikawa-epos-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"chiikawa-epos-card-product","publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","title":"ちいかわエポスカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/gecard/chiikawa/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"chiikawa-epos-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","title":"ちいかわエポスカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/cardlineup/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"chiikawa-epos-card-points","publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","title":"Epos 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Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/sumikko-gurashi-epos-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:sumikko-gurashi-epos-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"sumikko-gurashi-epos-card-product","publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","title":"すみっコぐらしエポスカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/gecard/sumikko/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"sumikko-gurashi-epos-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","title":"すみっコぐらしエポスカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/cardlineup/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"sumikko-gurashi-epos-card-points","publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","title":"Epos 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Inc.","title":"センチュリオン・カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/benefits/centurion/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"american-express-centurion-lineup","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"センチュリオン・カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"american-express-centurion-points","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"Membership Rewards：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:marriott-bonvoy-amex:ja","entityId":"product:marriott-bonvoy-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Marriott Bonvoy Amex","plainText":"旅行向けカード\nMarriott Bonvoy アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行する旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込34,100円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Marriott Bonvoy pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込34,100円\nMarriott Bonvoy pointsが貯まる\nホテル特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間34,100円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込34,100円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/marriott-bonvoy-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:marriott-bonvoy-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"marriott-bonvoy-amex-product","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"Marriott Bonvoy アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/marriott-bonvoy-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"marriott-bonvoy-amex-lineup","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"Marriott Bonvoy アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"marriott-bonvoy-amex-points","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"Marriott Bonvoy points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/marriott-bonvoy-premium-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium:ja","entityId":"product:marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Marriott Bonvoy Amex Premium","plainText":"プレミアムランクの旅行向けカード\nMarriott Bonvoy アメリカン・エキスプレス・プレミアム・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するプレミアムランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込82,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Marriott Bonvoy pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込82,500円\nMarriott Bonvoy pointsが貯まる\nホテル特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間82,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込82,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium-product","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"Marriott Bonvoy アメリカン・エキスプレス・プレミアム・カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/marriott-bonvoy-premium/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium-lineup","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"Marriott Bonvoy アメリカン・エキスプレス・プレミアム・カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium-points","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"Marriott Bonvoy points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/marriott-bonvoy-premium-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:hilton-honors-amex:ja","entityId":"product:hilton-honors-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Hilton Honors Amex","plainText":"旅行向けカード\nヒルトン・オナーズ アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行する旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込16,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Hilton Honors pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込16,500円\nHilton Honors pointsが貯まる\nホテル特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間16,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込16,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/hilton-honors-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:hilton-honors-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"hilton-honors-amex-product","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"ヒルトン・オナーズ アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/hilton-classic-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"hilton-honors-amex-lineup","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"ヒルトン・オナーズ アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"hilton-honors-amex-points","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"Hilton Honors points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/hilton-premium-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:hilton-honors-amex-premium:ja","entityId":"product:hilton-honors-amex-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Hilton Honors Amex Premium","plainText":"プレミアムランクの旅行向けカード\nヒルトン・オナーズ アメリカン・エキスプレス・プレミアム・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するプレミアムランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込66,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Hilton Honors pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込66,000円\nHilton Honors pointsが貯まる\nホテル特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間66,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込66,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/hilton-honors-amex-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:hilton-honors-amex-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"hilton-honors-amex-premium-product","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"ヒルトン・オナーズ アメリカン・エキスプレス・プレミアム・カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/hilton-premium-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"hilton-honors-amex-premium-lineup","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"ヒルトン・オナーズ アメリカン・エキスプレス・プレミアム・カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"hilton-honors-amex-premium-points","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"Hilton Honors points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/hilton-premium-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:delta-skymiles-amex:ja","entityId":"product:delta-skymiles-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Delta SkyMiles Amex","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nデルタ スカイマイル アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込13,200円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Delta SkyMilesが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込13,200円\nDelta SkyMilesが貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間13,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込13,200円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/delta-skymiles-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:delta-skymiles-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"delta-skymiles-amex-product","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"デルタ スカイマイル アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/delta-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"delta-skymiles-amex-lineup","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"デルタ スカイマイル アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"delta-skymiles-amex-points","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"Delta SkyMiles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/delta-skymiles-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:delta-skymiles-amex-gold:ja","entityId":"product:delta-skymiles-amex-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Delta SkyMiles Amex Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nデルタ スカイマイル アメリカン・エキスプレス・ゴールド・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込28,600円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Delta SkyMilesが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込28,600円\nDelta SkyMilesが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間28,600円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込28,600円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/delta-skymiles-amex-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:delta-skymiles-amex-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"delta-skymiles-amex-gold-product","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"デルタ スカイマイル アメリカン・エキスプレス・ゴールド・カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/delta-gold-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"delta-skymiles-amex-gold-lineup","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"デルタ スカイマイル アメリカン・エキスプレス・ゴールド・カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"delta-skymiles-amex-gold-points","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"Delta SkyMiles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/delta-skymiles-gold-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:persona-stacia-amex:ja","entityId":"product:persona-stacia-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Persona STACIA Amex","plainText":"鉄道・交通系カード\nペルソナSTACIA アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込15,400円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。S Points / Membership Rewards-like programが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込15,400円\nS Points / Membership Rewards-like programが貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間15,400円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込15,400円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/persona-stacia-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:persona-stacia-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"persona-stacia-amex-product","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"ペルソナSTACIA アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/benefits/persona-stacia-american-express-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"persona-stacia-amex-lineup","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"ペルソナSTACIA アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"persona-stacia-amex-points","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"S Points / Membership Rewards-like program：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/persona-stacia-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:amex-business-green:ja","entityId":"product:amex-business-green","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Amex Business Green","plainText":"ビジネスカード\nアメリカン・エキスプレス・ビジネス・グリーン・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するビジネスカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込13,200円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でMembership Rewardsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.3%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込13,200円\nMembership Rewardsが基本約0.3%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間13,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：法人・個人事業主向け。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込13,200円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/amex-business-green","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-business-green"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"amex-business-green-product","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・ビジネス・グリーン・カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/green-business-corp-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"amex-business-green-lineup","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・ビジネス・グリーン・カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"amex-business-green-points","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"Membership Rewards：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:amex-business-gold:ja","entityId":"product:amex-business-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Amex Business Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクのビジネスカード\nアメリカン・エキスプレス・ビジネス・ゴールド・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するゴールドランクのビジネスカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込49,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でMembership Rewardsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込49,500円\nMembership Rewardsが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間49,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：法人・個人事業主向け。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込49,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/amex-business-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-business-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"amex-business-gold-product","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・ビジネス・ゴールド・カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/gold-business-corp-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"amex-business-gold-lineup","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・ビジネス・ゴールド・カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"amex-business-gold-points","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"Membership Rewards：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:amex-business-platinum:ja","entityId":"product:amex-business-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Amex Business Platinum","plainText":"プラチナランクのビジネスカード\nアメリカン・エキスプレス・ビジネス・プラチナ・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するプラチナランクのビジネスカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込165,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でMembership Rewardsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込165,000円\nMembership Rewardsが基本約1%で貯まる\nグローバル・ラウンジ・コレクションとコンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間165,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：法人・個人事業主向け。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込165,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/amex-business-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-business-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"amex-business-platinum-product","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・ビジネス・プラチナ・カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/platinum-business-corp-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"amex-business-platinum-lineup","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・ビジネス・プラチナ・カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"amex-business-platinum-points","publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","title":"Membership Rewards：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:life-card:ja","entityId":"product:life-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Life Card","plainText":"日常使いのカード\nライフカードは、ライフカードが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でLIFE Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nLIFE Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n基本カードには旅行補償なし\n申込条件：日本在住の満18歳以上で電話連絡が可能な方。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/life-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:life-card"],"families":["family:life-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"life-card-product","publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","title":"ライフカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/lifecard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"life-card-lineup","publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","title":"ライフカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"life-card-points","publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","title":"LIFE Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/lifepoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:life-card-for-students:ja","entityId":"product:life-card-for-students","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Life Card for Students","plainText":"学生向けカード\n学生専用ライフカードは、ライフカードが発行する学生向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でLIFE Points / cashbackが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nLIFE Points / cashbackが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n海外旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18〜25歳の学生。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/life-card-for-students","relationships":{"providers":["provider:life-card"],"families":["family:life-card-for-students"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"life-card-for-students-product","publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","title":"学生専用ライフカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/std/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"life-card-for-students-lineup","publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","title":"学生専用ライフカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"life-card-for-students-points","publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","title":"LIFE Points / cashback：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/student/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:life-card-gold:ja","entityId":"product:life-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Life Card Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nライフカードゴールドは、ライフカードが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でLIFE Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nLIFE Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満23歳以上・安定した収入。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/life-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:life-card"],"families":["family:life-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"life-card-gold-product","publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","title":"ライフカードゴールド：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"life-card-gold-lineup","publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","title":"ライフカードゴールド：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"life-card-gold-points","publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","title":"LIFE Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/lifepoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:deposit-life-card:ja","entityId":"product:deposit-life-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Deposit Life Card","plainText":"日常使いのカード\nデポジット型ライフカードは、ライフカードが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込5,500円。対象利用でLIFE Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込5,500円\nLIFE Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードの可否はランクにより異なる\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・デポジットと審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込5,500円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/deposit-life-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:life-card"],"families":["family:deposit-life-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"deposit-life-card-product","publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","title":"デポジット型ライフカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/dp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"deposit-life-card-lineup","publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","title":"デポジット型ライフカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"deposit-life-card-points","publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","title":"LIFE Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/lifepoint/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated:ja","entityId":"product:seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Seven Card Plus nanaco Integrated","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nセブンカード・プラス（nanaco一体型）は、セブン・カードサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でnanaco pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nnanaco pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nショッピング保険\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated","relationships":{"providers":["provider:seven-card-service"],"families":["family:seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated-product","publisher":"株式会社セブン・カードサービス","title":"セブンカード・プラス（nanaco一体型）：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.7card.co.jp/card/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated-lineup","publisher":"株式会社セブン・カードサービス","title":"セブンカード・プラス（nanaco一体型）：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated-points","publisher":"株式会社セブン・カードサービス","title":"nanaco points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.7card.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked:ja","entityId":"product:seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Seven Card Plus nanaco Linked","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nセブンカード・プラス（nanaco紐付型）は、セブン・カードサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でnanaco pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nnanaco pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nショッピング保険\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked","relationships":{"providers":["provider:seven-card-service"],"families":["family:seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked-product","publisher":"株式会社セブン・カードサービス","title":"セブンカード・プラス（nanaco紐付型）：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.7card.co.jp/card/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked-lineup","publisher":"株式会社セブン・カードサービス","title":"セブンカード・プラス（nanaco紐付型）：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked-points","publisher":"株式会社セブン・カードサービス","title":"nanaco points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.7card.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:recruit-card:ja","entityId":"product:recruit-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Recruit Card","plainText":"ポイント還元カード\nリクルートカードは、リクルートが発行するポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRecruit Points / Ponta / d POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.2%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRecruit Points / Ponta / d POINTが基本約1.2%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険（利用条件付き）\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/recruit-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:recruit"],"families":["family:recruit-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"recruit-card-product","publisher":"株式会社リクルート","title":"リクルートカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://recruit-card.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"recruit-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社リクルート","title":"リクルートカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"recruit-card-points","publisher":"株式会社リクルート","title":"Recruit Points / Ponta / d POINT：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://recruit-card.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mercard:ja","entityId":"product:mercard","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Mercard","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nメルカードは、メルカリ／メルペイが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でMercari Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nMercari Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードの設定なし\n申込条件：満18歳以上・メルカリアカウントが必要。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mercard","relationships":{"providers":["provider:merpay"],"families":["family:mercard"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mercard-product","publisher":"株式会社メルペイ","title":"メルカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.merpay.com/mercard/standard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mercard-lineup","publisher":"株式会社メルペイ","title":"メルカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mercard-points","publisher":"株式会社メルペイ","title":"Mercari Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.mercard.me/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mercard-gold:ja","entityId":"product:mercard-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Mercard Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの小売・買い物カード\nメルカード ゴールドは、メルカリ／メルペイが発行するゴールドランクの小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込5,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でMercari Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込5,000円\nMercari Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n家族カードなし。ETCカードは要確認\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上・メルカリアカウントおよび所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込5,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mercard-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:merpay"],"families":["family:mercard-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mercard-gold-product","publisher":"株式会社メルペイ","title":"メルカード ゴールド：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.merpay.com/mercard/gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mercard-gold-lineup","publisher":"株式会社メルペイ","title":"メルカード ゴールド：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mercard-gold-points","publisher":"株式会社メルペイ","title":"Mercari Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.mercard.me/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:gold-point-card-plus:ja","entityId":"product:gold-point-card-plus","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Gold Point Card Plus","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nゴールドポイントカード・プラスは、ゴールドポイントマーケティングが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でYodobashi Gold Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nYodobashi Gold Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\nショッピング保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/gold-point-card-plus","relationships":{"providers":["provider:goldpoint-marketing"],"families":["family:gold-point-card-plus"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"gold-point-card-plus-product","publisher":"ゴールドポイントマーケティング株式会社","title":"ゴールドポイントカード・プラス：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.goldpoint.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"gold-point-card-plus-lineup","publisher":"ゴールドポイントマーケティング株式会社","title":"ゴールドポイントカード・プラス：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"gold-point-card-plus-points","publisher":"ゴールドポイントマーケティング株式会社","title":"Yodobashi Gold Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.goldpoint.co.jp/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo:ja","entityId":"product:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Tokyu Card ClubQ JMB PASMO","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nTOKYU CARD ClubQ JMB PASMOは、東急カードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でTOKYU POINT / JAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,100円\nTOKYU POINT / JAL milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,100円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo","relationships":{"providers":["provider:tokyu-card"],"families":["family:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo-product","publisher":"東急カード株式会社","title":"TOKYU CARD ClubQ JMB PASMO：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.topcard.co.jp/card/jmbpasmo/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo-lineup","publisher":"東急カード株式会社","title":"TOKYU CARD ClubQ JMB PASMO：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo-points","publisher":"東急カード株式会社","title":"TOKYU POINT / JAL miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.topcard.co.jp/card/lineup/tokyu_card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold:ja","entityId":"product:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Tokyu Card ClubQ JMB Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nTOKYU CARD ClubQ JMB ゴールドは、東急カードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込6,600円。対象利用でTOKYU POINT / JAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込6,600円\nTOKYU POINT / JAL milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間6,600円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込6,600円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:tokyu-card"],"families":["family:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold-product","publisher":"東急カード株式会社","title":"TOKYU CARD ClubQ JMB ゴールド：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.topcard.co.jp/card/jmb-gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold-lineup","publisher":"東急カード株式会社","title":"TOKYU CARD ClubQ JMB ゴールド：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold-points","publisher":"東急カード株式会社","title":"TOKYU POINT / JAL miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.topcard.co.jp/card/lineup/gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:to-me-card-prime-pasmo:ja","entityId":"product:to-me-card-prime-pasmo","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"To Me Card Prime PASMO","plainText":"鉄道・交通系カード\nTo Me CARD Prime PASMOは、東京メトロが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でMetro Points / issuer pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nMetro Points / issuer pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n発行会社所定の旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/to-me-card-prime-pasmo","relationships":{"providers":["provider:tokyo-metro"],"families":["family:to-me-card-prime-pasmo"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"to-me-card-prime-pasmo-product","publisher":"東京地下鉄株式会社","title":"To Me CARD Prime PASMO：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.to-me-card.jp/admission/tome-prime/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"to-me-card-prime-pasmo-lineup","publisher":"東京地下鉄株式会社","title":"To Me CARD Prime PASMO：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"to-me-card-prime-pasmo-points","publisher":"東京地下鉄株式会社","title":"Metro Points / issuer points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.to-me-card.jp/admission/tomeprime/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold:ja","entityId":"product:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA To Me Card PASMO JCB Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nソラチカゴールドカードは、東京メトロが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込15,400円。対象利用でJ-POINT / Metro Points / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込15,400円\nJ-POINT / Metro Points / ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n国内空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間15,400円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込15,400円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:tokyo-metro"],"families":["family:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold-product","publisher":"東京地下鉄株式会社","title":"ソラチカゴールドカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.to-me-card.jp/admission/tome-ana-gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold-lineup","publisher":"東京地下鉄株式会社","title":"ソラチカゴールドカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold-points","publisher":"東京地下鉄株式会社","title":"J-POINT / Metro Points / ANA miles：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.to-me-card.jp/admission/anagold/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mi-card-plus:ja","entityId":"product:mi-card-plus","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"MI Card Plus","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nエムアイカード プラスは、エムアイカードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でMI Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込550円\nMI Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間550円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mi-card-plus","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mi-card"],"families":["family:mi-card-plus"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mi-card-plus-product","publisher":"株式会社エムアイカード","title":"エムアイカード プラス：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/plus_basic.html?id=plus","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mi-card-plus-lineup","publisher":"株式会社エムアイカード","title":"エムアイカード プラス：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mi-card-plus-points","publisher":"株式会社エムアイカード","title":"MI Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/micardplus.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:mi-card-plus-gold:ja","entityId":"product:mi-card-plus-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"MI Card Plus Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nエムアイカード プラス ゴールドは、エムアイカードが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でMI Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nMI Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mi-card-plus-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mi-card"],"families":["family:mi-card-plus-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mi-card-plus-gold-product","publisher":"株式会社エムアイカード","title":"エムアイカード プラス ゴールド：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/plus_basic.html?id=plus","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mi-card-plus-gold-lineup","publisher":"株式会社エムアイカード","title":"エムアイカード プラス ゴールド：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"mi-card-plus-gold-points","publisher":"株式会社エムアイカード","title":"MI Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/micardplus_gold.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:takashimaya-card:ja","entityId":"product:takashimaya-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Takashimaya Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nタカシマヤカードは、高島屋ファイナンシャル・パートナーズが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。Takashimaya pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nTakashimaya pointsが貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/takashimaya-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:takashimaya-financial-partners"],"families":["family:takashimaya-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"takashimaya-card-product","publisher":"高島屋ファイナンシャル・パートナーズ株式会社","title":"タカシマヤカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.takashimaya-fp.co.jp/card/gt/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"takashimaya-card-lineup","publisher":"高島屋ファイナンシャル・パートナーズ株式会社","title":"タカシマヤカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"takashimaya-card-points","publisher":"高島屋ファイナンシャル・パートナーズ株式会社","title":"Takashimaya points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.takashimaya-fp.co.jp/card/lineup/t-card.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:takashimaya-card-gold:ja","entityId":"product:takashimaya-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Takashimaya Card Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nタカシマヤカード《ゴールド》は、高島屋ファイナンシャル・パートナーズが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。Takashimaya pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nTakashimaya pointsが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満30歳以上・安定した収入。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/takashimaya-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:takashimaya-financial-partners"],"families":["family:takashimaya-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"takashimaya-card-gold-product","publisher":"高島屋ファイナンシャル・パートナーズ株式会社","title":"タカシマヤカード《ゴールド》：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.takashimaya-fp.co.jp/card/gt/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"takashimaya-card-gold-lineup","publisher":"高島屋ファイナンシャル・パートナーズ株式会社","title":"タカシマヤカード《ゴールド》：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"takashimaya-card-gold-points","publisher":"高島屋ファイナンシャル・パートナーズ株式会社","title":"Takashimaya points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.takashimaya-fp.co.jp/card/lineup/t-gold.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-card:ja","entityId":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\n大丸松坂屋カードは、JFRカードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でQIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nQIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n海外旅行傷害保険（利用付帯）、ショッピング・携帯端末補償\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/daimaru-matsuzakaya-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:daimaru-matsuzakaya-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"daimaru-matsuzakaya-card-product","publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","title":"大丸松坂屋カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/dmcard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"daimaru-matsuzakaya-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","title":"大丸松坂屋カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"daimaru-matsuzakaya-card-points","publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","title":"QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:ucs-card:ja","entityId":"product:ucs-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"UCS Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nUCSカードmajicaは、ユーシーエスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でU-POINT / majica pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nU-POINT / majica pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ucs-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ucs"],"families":["family:ucs-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ucs-card-product","publisher":"株式会社ユーシーエス","title":"UCSカードmajica：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/ucscard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"ucs-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社ユーシーエス","title":"UCSカードmajica：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"ucs-card-points","publisher":"株式会社ユーシーエス","title":"U-POINT / majica points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/ucs/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:apollostation-card:ja","entityId":"product:apollostation-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"apollostation card","plainText":"給油系カード\napollostation cardは、出光クレジットが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPlus Points / fuel discountが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nPlus Points / fuel discountが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/apollostation-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:apollostation-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"apollostation-card-product","publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","title":"apollostation card：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/apollostation/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"apollostation-card-lineup","publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","title":"apollostation card：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"apollostation-card-points","publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","title":"Plus Points / fuel discount：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/apollostation/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:apollostation-the-gold:ja","entityId":"product:apollostation-the-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"apollostation The Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\napollostation THE GOLDは、出光クレジットが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。Plus Points / fuel discountが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nPlus Points / fuel discountが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満25歳以上・安定した収入。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/apollostation-the-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:apollostation-the-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"apollostation-the-gold-product","publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","title":"apollostation THE GOLD：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/thegold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"apollostation-the-gold-lineup","publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","title":"apollostation THE GOLD：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"apollostation-the-gold-points","publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","title":"Plus Points / fuel discount：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/thegold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:cosmo-the-card-house:ja","entityId":"product:cosmo-the-card-house","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Cosmo The Card House","plainText":"給油系カード\nコスモ・ザ・カード・ハウスは、コスモ石油マーケティングが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：ハウスカード（国際ブランドなし））。年会費は無料。Fuel discountが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nFuel discountが貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードは所定の条件による\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/cosmo-the-card-house","relationships":{"providers":["provider:cosmo-oil-marketing"],"families":["family:cosmo-the-card-house"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"cosmo-the-card-house-product","publisher":"コスモ石油マーケティング株式会社","title":"コスモ・ザ・カード・ハウス：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.cosmo-thecard.com/cblp/card/house.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"cosmo-the-card-house-lineup","publisher":"コスモ石油マーケティング株式会社","title":"コスモ・ザ・カード・ハウス：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"cosmo-the-card-house-points","publisher":"コスモ石油マーケティング株式会社","title":"Fuel discount：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.cosmo-thecard.com/cblp/card/house.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:monex-card:ja","entityId":"product:monex-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Monex Card","plainText":"投資連動カード\nマネックスカードは、マネックス証券が発行する投資連動カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でMonex Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込550円\nMonex Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間550円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上（投資関連機能にはマネックス証券口座が必要）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/monex-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:monex"],"families":["family:monex-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"monex-card-product","publisher":"マネックス証券株式会社","title":"マネックスカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/fund/tsumitate/card-tsumitate/monex-card/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"monex-card-lineup","publisher":"マネックス証券株式会社","title":"マネックスカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"monex-card-points","publisher":"マネックス証券株式会社","title":"Monex Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.monex.co.jp/service/monex-card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:bitflyer-credit-card:ja","entityId":"product:bitflyer-credit-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"bitFlyer Credit Card","plainText":"暗号資産還元カード\nbitFlyer Credit Cardは、bitFlyerが発行する暗号資産還元カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でBitcoin rewardsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nBitcoin rewardsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：Mastercard\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/bitflyer-credit-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:bitflyer"],"families":["family:bitflyer-credit-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"bitflyer-credit-card-product","publisher":"株式会社bitFlyer","title":"bitFlyer Credit Card：公式商品ページ","url":"https://bitflyer.com/ja-jp/s/lp/creditcard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"bitflyer-credit-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社bitFlyer","title":"bitFlyer Credit Card：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"bitflyer-credit-card-points","publisher":"株式会社bitFlyer","title":"Bitcoin rewards：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://bitflyer.com/ja-jp/credit-card","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:bitflyer-platinum-card:ja","entityId":"product:bitflyer-platinum-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"bitFlyer Platinum Card","plainText":"プラチナランクの暗号資産還元カード\nbitFlyer Platinum Cardは、bitFlyerが発行するプラチナランクの暗号資産還元カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込16,500円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でBitcoin rewardsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込16,500円\nBitcoin rewardsが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間16,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込16,500円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/bitflyer-platinum-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:bitflyer"],"families":["family:bitflyer-platinum-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"bitflyer-platinum-card-product","publisher":"株式会社bitFlyer","title":"bitFlyer Platinum Card：公式商品ページ","url":"https://bitflyer.com/ja-jp/s/lp/creditcard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"bitflyer-platinum-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社bitFlyer","title":"bitFlyer Platinum Card：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"bitflyer-platinum-card-points","publisher":"株式会社bitFlyer","title":"Bitcoin rewards：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://bitflyer.com/ja-jp/credit-card","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13"}]},{"id":"product:uc-platinum-card:ja","entityId":"product:uc-platinum-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"UC Platinum Card","plainText":"プラチナランクの旅行向けカード\nUCプラチナカードは、UCカードが発行するプラチナランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込16,500円。対象利用でUC Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込16,500円\nUC Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\nVisaのコンシェルジュと空港ラウンジ特典\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間16,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：安定した収入と社会的信用のある方（学生・未成年を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込16,500円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/uc-platinum-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:uc-card"],"families":["family:uc-platinum-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"uc-platinum-card-product","publisher":"ユーシーカード株式会社","title":"UCプラチナカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www2.uccard.co.jp/card/lineup/uc_platinum.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"uc-platinum-card-lineup","publisher":"ユーシーカード株式会社","title":"UCプラチナカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www2.uccard.co.jp/card/lineup/uc_platinum.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"uc-platinum-card-points","publisher":"ユーシーカード株式会社","title":"UC Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www2.uccard.co.jp/card/lineup/uc_platinum.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:smbc-business-owners:ja","entityId":"product:smbc-business-owners","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SMBC Business Owners","plainText":"ビジネスカード\n三井住友カード ビジネスオーナーズは、三井住友カードが発行するビジネスカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でV POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nV POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nビジネス向けサポートとアプリでの管理機能\n申込条件：法人代表者または個人事業主（所定の年齢条件あり）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/smbc-business-owners","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-business-owners"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-business-owners-product","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"三井住友カード ビジネスオーナーズ：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"smbc-business-owners-lineup","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"三井住友カード ビジネスオーナーズ：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"smbc-business-owners-points","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"V POINT：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/mem/wp/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:smbc-business-owners-gold:ja","entityId":"product:smbc-business-owners-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SMBC Business Owners Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクのポイント還元カード\n三井住友カード ビジネスオーナーズ ゴールドは、三井住友カードが発行するゴールドランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込5,500円。対象利用でV POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込5,500円\nV POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国内空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：法人代表者または個人事業主。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込5,500円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/smbc-business-owners-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-business-owners-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-business-owners-gold-product","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"三井住友カード ビジネスオーナーズ ゴールド：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_gold.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"smbc-business-owners-gold-lineup","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"三井住友カード ビジネスオーナーズ ゴールド：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_gold.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"smbc-business-owners-gold-points","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"V POINT：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/mem/wp/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred:ja","entityId":"product:smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SMBC Business Owners Platinum Preferred","plainText":"プラチナランクのポイント還元カード\n三井住友カード ビジネスオーナーズ プラチナプリファードは、三井住友カードが発行するプラチナランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込33,000円。対象利用でV POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込33,000円\nV POINTが基本約1%で貯まる\nコンシェルジュ。年間利用条件の達成でDragonPassの利用券\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間33,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上の法人代表者または個人事業主。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込33,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred-product","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"三井住友カード ビジネスオーナーズ プラチナプリファード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_platinum-preferred.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred-lineup","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"三井住友カード ビジネスオーナーズ プラチナプリファード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_platinum-preferred.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred-points","publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","title":"V POINT：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/mem/wp/index.jsp","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:saison-platinum-business-american-express-card:ja","entityId":"product:saison-platinum-business-american-express-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Saison Platinum Business American Express Card","plainText":"プラチナランクの旅行向けカード\nセゾンプラチナ・ビジネス・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、クレディセゾンが発行するプラチナランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込33,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント)が貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込33,000円\nPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント)が基本約0.5%で貯まる\nプライオリティ・パスとコンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間33,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：個人事業主・経営者などの対象となる成人（学生・未成年を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込33,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/saison-platinum-business-american-express-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-platinum-business-american-express-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-platinum-business-american-express-card-product","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"セゾンプラチナ・ビジネス・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/platinumbusiness/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"saison-platinum-business-american-express-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"セゾンプラチナ・ビジネス・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/platinumbusiness/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"saison-platinum-business-american-express-card-points","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント)：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card:ja","entityId":"product:saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Saison Cobalt Business American Express Card","plainText":"ポイント還元カード\nセゾンコバルト・ビジネス・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、クレディセゾンが発行するポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント)が貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント)が基本約0.5%で貯まる\nビジネス向けサービスの優待とキャッシュバックキャンペーン\n申込条件：個人事業主または法人代表者（個人与信による審査）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card-product","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"セゾンコバルト・ビジネス・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/cobalt/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"セゾンコバルト・ビジネス・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/cobalt/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card-points","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント)：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex:ja","entityId":"product:apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"apollostation THE PLATINUM Saison Amex","plainText":"プラチナランクの旅行向けカード\napollostation THE PLATINUM セゾン・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、出光クレジットが発行するプラチナランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込22,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でPlus Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.2%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込22,000円\nPlus Pointsが基本約1.2%で貯まる\nプライオリティ・パス（年間の無料利用回数に上限あり）、国内ラウンジ、コンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間22,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：発行会社所定の条件を満たす成人。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込22,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex-product","publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","title":"apollostation THE PLATINUM セゾン・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/theplatinum/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex-lineup","publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","title":"apollostation THE PLATINUM セゾン・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/theplatinum/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex-points","publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","title":"Plus Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/guide/platinumbusiness/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:apollostation-platinum-business:ja","entityId":"product:apollostation-platinum-business","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"apollostation Platinum Business","plainText":"プラチナランクの給油系カード\napollostation PLATINUM BUSINESSは、出光クレジットが発行するプラチナランクの給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は税込22,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でPlus Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.8%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込22,000円\nPlus Pointsが基本約0.8%で貯まる\nプライオリティ・パスは所定の規定と年間利用回数の上限による\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間22,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：個人事業主・小規模法人の代表者。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込22,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/apollostation-platinum-business","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:apollostation-platinum-business"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"apollostation-platinum-business-product","publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","title":"apollostation PLATINUM BUSINESS：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/platinumbusiness/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"apollostation-platinum-business-lineup","publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","title":"apollostation PLATINUM BUSINESS：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/platinumbusiness/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"apollostation-platinum-business-points","publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","title":"Plus Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/guide/platinumbusiness/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:upsider-card:ja","entityId":"product:upsider-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"UPSIDER Card","plainText":"ビジネスカード\nUPSIDERカードは、UPSIDERが発行するビジネスカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でUPSIDER automatic cashbackが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nUPSIDER automatic cashbackが基本約1%で貯まる\n経費管理機能と会計ソフト連携\n申込条件：法人のみ。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/upsider-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:upsider"],"families":["family:upsider-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"upsider-card-product","publisher":"株式会社UPSIDER","title":"UPSIDERカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://up-sider.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"upsider-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社UPSIDER","title":"UPSIDERカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://up-sider.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"upsider-card-points","publisher":"株式会社UPSIDER","title":"UPSIDER automatic cashback：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://up-sider.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison:ja","entityId":"product:mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Mitsui Shopping Park Card Saison","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\n三井ショッピングパークカード《セゾン》は、クレディセゾンが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) + Mitsui Shopping Park Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) + Mitsui Shopping Park Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n対象施設の駐車場優待と会員特典\n申込条件：発行会社所定の条件を満たす成人。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison-product","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"三井ショッピングパークカード《セゾン》：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/lineup/ca150.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison-lineup","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"三井ショッピングパークカード《セゾン》：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/lineup/ca150.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison-points","publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","title":"Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) + Mitsui Shopping Park Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/lineup/ca150.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:welcia-card:ja","entityId":"product:welcia-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Welcia Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nウエルシアカードは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nイオン共通特典とウエルシアのお客さま感謝デー等の特典\n申込条件：満18歳以上（発行会社所定の条件による）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/welcia-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:welcia-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"welcia-card-product","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"ウエルシアカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/welcia/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"welcia-card-lineup","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"ウエルシアカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/welcia/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"welcia-card-points","publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","title":"WAON POINT：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:jcb-biz-one-general:ja","entityId":"product:jcb-biz-one-general","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB Biz ONE General","plainText":"ポイント還元カード\nJCB Biz ONE 一般は、JCBが発行するポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nJ-POINTが基本約1%で貯まる\nデジタル発行の早さと会計サービス連携\n申込条件：法人代表者または個人事業主（利用者は満18歳以上）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jcb-biz-one-general","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-biz-one-general"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-biz-one-general-product","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"JCB Biz ONE 一般：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/corporate/houjin/bizone.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"jcb-biz-one-general-lineup","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"JCB Biz ONE 一般：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/corporate/houjin/bizone.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"jcb-biz-one-general-points","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"J-POINT：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:jcb-biz-one-gold:ja","entityId":"product:jcb-biz-one-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB Biz ONE Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクのポイント還元カード\nJCB Biz ONE ゴールドは、JCBが発行するゴールドランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込5,500円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込5,500円\nJ-POINTが基本約1%で貯まる\n国内空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：法人代表者または個人事業主（利用者は満20歳以上）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込5,500円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jcb-biz-one-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-biz-one-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-biz-one-gold-product","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"JCB Biz ONE ゴールド：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/corporate/houjin/bizone.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"jcb-biz-one-gold-lineup","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"JCB Biz ONE ゴールド：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/corporate/houjin/bizone.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"jcb-biz-one-gold-points","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"J-POINT：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card:ja","entityId":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Gold Card","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\n大丸松坂屋ゴールドカードは、JFRカードが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でQIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nQIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満25歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card-product","publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","title":"大丸松坂屋ゴールドカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/dmcard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","title":"大丸松坂屋ゴールドカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card-points","publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","title":"QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card:ja","entityId":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Loyal Customer Gold Card","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\n大丸松坂屋お得意様ゴールドカードは、JFRカードが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でQIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nQIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満25歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card-product","publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","title":"大丸松坂屋お得意様ゴールドカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://dmdepart.jp/loyalcustomer/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","title":"大丸松坂屋お得意様ゴールドカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card-points","publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","title":"QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:ginza-six-card:ja","entityId":"product:ginza-six-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"GINZA SIX Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nGINZA SIXカードは、JFRカードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でQIRA Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nQIRA Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国内旅行傷害保険、ショッピング・携帯端末補償\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ginza-six-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:ginza-six-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ginza-six-card-product","publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","title":"GINZA SIXカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/ginza6card/standard.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"ginza-six-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","title":"GINZA SIXカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"ginza-six-card-points","publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","title":"QIRA Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:ginza-six-prestige-card:ja","entityId":"product:ginza-six-prestige-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"GINZA SIX Prestige Card","plainText":"プレミアムランクの小売・買い物カード\nGINZA SIXプレステージカードは、JFRカードが発行するプレミアムランクの小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込55,000円。QIRA Pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込55,000円\nQIRA Pointsが貯まる\n対象施設の駐車場優待と会員特典\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間55,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込55,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ginza-six-prestige-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:ginza-six-prestige-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ginza-six-prestige-card-product","publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","title":"GINZA SIXプレステージカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/ginza6card/prestige.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"ginza-six-prestige-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","title":"GINZA SIXプレステージカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"ginza-six-prestige-card-points","publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","title":"QIRA Points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:parco-card:ja","entityId":"product:parco-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"PARCO Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nPARCOカードは、JFRカードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でQIRA Points / PARCO pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,100円\nQIRA Points / PARCO pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nショッピング保険\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,100円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/parco-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:parco-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"parco-card-product","publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","title":"PARCOカード：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/parcocard/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"parco-card-lineup","publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","title":"PARCOカード：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"parco-card-points","publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","title":"QIRA Points / PARCO points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:jcb-gold-partner-with-point:ja","entityId":"product:jcb-gold-partner-with-point","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB Gold / Partner With Point","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nJCB ゴールド / PARTNER WITH POINTは、JCBが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nJ-POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国内・海外のラウンジサービス\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jcb-gold-partner-with-point","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-gold-partner-with-point"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"jcb-gold-partner-with-point-product","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"JCB ゴールド / PARTNER WITH POINT：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/pwp.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"jcb-gold-partner-with-point-lineup","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"JCB ゴールド / PARTNER WITH POINT：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/lineup/?3000_3010=1","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"jcb-gold-partner-with-point-points","publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","title":"J-POINT：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:ucs-card-majica-gold:ja","entityId":"product:ucs-card-majica-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"UCS Card majica Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nUCSカードmajica ゴールドは、ユーシーエスが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込3,300円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でU-POINT / majica pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込3,300円\nU-POINT / majica pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国内・海外のラウンジサービス\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間3,300円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満30歳以上・安定した収入。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込3,300円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ucs-card-majica-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ucs"],"families":["family:ucs-card-majica-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"ucs-card-majica-gold-product","publisher":"株式会社ユーシーエス","title":"UCSカードmajica ゴールド：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/ucs_gold/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"ucs-card-majica-gold-lineup","publisher":"株式会社ユーシーエス","title":"UCSカードmajica ゴールド：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/list/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"ucs-card-majica-gold-points","publisher":"株式会社ユーシーエス","title":"U-POINT / majica points：公式プログラムページ","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/u_point/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"}]},{"id":"product:majica-donpen-card:ja","entityId":"product:majica-donpen-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"majica donpen card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nmajica donpen cardは、ユーシーエスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でU-POINT / majica pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nU-POINT / majica pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/majica-donpen-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ucs"],"families":["family:majica-donpen-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"majica-donpen-card-product","publisher":"株式会社ユーシーエス","title":"majica donpen 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pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/webike-apollostation-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:webike-apollostation-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"id":"webike-apollostation-card-product","publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","title":"ウェビック apollostation card：公式商品ページ","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/webike/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"webike-apollostation-card-lineup","publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","title":"ウェビック apollostation card：発行会社カードラインアップ","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-08-16"},{"id":"webike-apollostation-card-points","publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","title":"Plus Points / Webike 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Securities","plainText":"証券会社（NISA・iDeCo）\nNISAやインデックス投資に強い大手の低コスト証券。楽天ポイント・楽天銀行と連携。\n幅広い低コストのインデックス投信・ETF\nNISA・iDeCoに対応\nポイント連携と楽天銀行との簡単な連携\n画面は日本語中心\nポイントプログラムの条件は随時変更\n多くの国内投信・取引が低〜無手数料（最新の手数料体系を要確認）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-securities","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-securities"],"families":["family:rakuten-securities"],"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-sec","publisher":"楽天証券株式会社","title":"楽天証券","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:sbi-securities:ja","entityId":"product:sbi-securities","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SBI 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Securities","plainText":"証券会社（NISA・iDeCo）\n米国株のアクセスや分析ツールで選ばれることが多い老舗ネット証券。NISA・iDeCoに対応。\n米国株のラインナップと分析ツールが充実\nNISA・iDeCoに対応\nポイントプログラムあり\n画面は日本語中心\n投信の手数料は他の大手と比較を\n手数料は商品により異なり、一部は低コスト（最新の体系を要確認）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/monex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:monex"],"families":["family:monex"],"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[{"id":"monex","publisher":"マネックス証券株式会社","title":"マネックス証券","url":"https://www.monex.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"fsa-registry","publisher":"金融庁","title":"免許・許可・登録等を受けている業者一覧","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:freee:ja","entityId":"product:freee","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"freee","plainText":"クラウド会計ソフト\n案内に沿って進める設計で初心者に優しいクラウド会計。青色申告やe-Taxで個人事業主に人気。\n質問形式で進める初心者向け記帳\n銀行・カードの自動取込と青色申告出力\nインボイス制度・e-Taxに対応\n画面は日本語のみ\n料金はプラン・機能により変動\nサブスク（月額/年額）でプランにより異なる（最新の料金を要確認）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/freee","relationships":{"providers":["provider:freee"],"families":["family:freee"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"id":"freee","publisher":"フリー株式会社","title":"freee会計","url":"https://www.freee.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:money-forward-cloud:ja","entityId":"product:money-forward-cloud","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Money Forward Cloud","plainText":"クラウド会計ソフト\n自動化と連携に強いクラウド会計。柔軟な記帳を重視するフリーランス・小規模法人に人気。\n銀行・カード・サービスとの豊富な連携\n成長する事業に合う柔軟な記帳\nインボイス制度・e-Taxに対応\n画面は日本語のみ\n柔軟な分、完全ガイド型より最初は難しいことも\nサブスクでプランにより異なる（最新の料金を要確認）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/money-forward-cloud","relationships":{"providers":["provider:money-forward"],"families":["family:money-forward-cloud"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"id":"mf-cloud","publisher":"株式会社マネーフォワード","title":"マネーフォワード 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Company Establishment","plainText":"会社設立\n株式会社・合同会社の設立書類を作成する案内型のオンラインサービス。初めての創業者に登記手順を案内。\n設立書類（株式会社・合同会社）の案内付き作成\n設立後はfreee会計へ連携\n税務署届出・登記のチェックリスト\n登録免許税など法定費用は別途・法定\n画面は日本語のみ。複雑な事案は専門家が必要\nサービス料に加え法定の登記費用が別途。最新料金を要確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/freee-kaisha-setup","relationships":{"providers":["provider:freee"],"families":["family:freee-kaisha-setup"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"id":"freee-kaisha","publisher":"フリー株式会社","title":"freee会社設立","url":"https://www.freee.co.jp/kaisyasetsuritsu/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:mf-kaisha-setup:ja","entityId":"product:mf-kaisha-setup","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Money Forward Cloud Company Establishment","plainText":"会社設立\n株式会社・合同会社の設立書類を作成し、クラウド会計スイートへつながるマネーフォワードの設立サービス。\n株式会社・合同会社の設立書類作成\nマネーフォワード クラウド会計と連携\n登記・税務届出の案内\n法定の登記費用は別途\n画面は日本語のみ\nサービス料＋法定費用は別途。最新料金を要確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mf-kaisha-setup","relationships":{"providers":["provider:money-forward"],"families":["family:mf-kaisha-setup"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"id":"mf-kaisha","publisher":"株式会社マネーフォワード","title":"マネーフォワード 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Aozora Net Bank (Business)","plainText":"事業用銀行口座\n低コストの法人・個人事業主口座を提供するネット銀行。振込手数料が競争的で、API・フィンテック連携に強い。\n低コストの個人事業主・法人口座\n競争的な振込手数料とオンライン中心の運用\nAPI・会計ソフト連携\n店舗なし・オンライン専用\n画面・サポートは日本語中心\n口座維持費は無料・振込手数料あり。最新の手数料表を要確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/gmo-aozora-business","relationships":{"providers":["provider:gmo-aozora"],"families":["family:gmo-aozora-business"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"id":"gmo-aozora-business","publisher":"GMOあおぞらネット銀行株式会社","title":"GMOあおぞらネット銀行 法人・個人事業主口座","url":"https://gmo-aozora.com/business/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:wise-business:ja","entityId":"product:wise-business","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Wise Business","plainText":"海外対応ビジネス口座\n海外の取引先を持つフリーランス・事業者向けのマルチカレンシー・ビジネス口座。外貨の保有・受取や、明瞭な手数料での送金に対応。\n現地口座情報で外貨の入金を受取\n多通貨を仲値で保有・両替\n明瞭な送金手数料と英語対応\n日本の銀行口座ではない。国内取引先の要件を確認\n送金・両替手数料あり\n送金・両替手数料あり・口座開設手数料がかかる場合あり。最新条件を要確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/wise-business","relationships":{"providers":["provider:wise"],"families":["family:wise-business"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"id":"wise-business","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wiseビジネス口座","url":"https://wise.com/jp/business/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:flat-35:ja","entityId":"product:flat-35","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Flat 35","plainText":"固定金利住宅ローン\n住宅金融支援機構が支える長期固定金利の住宅ローン。提携金融機関経由で提供され、永住権なしでも利用しやすいことが多い。\n長期固定で返済が安定\n多数の提携金融機関による基準明確な審査\n永住権がない居住者でも利用しやすいことが多い\n対象は技術基準を満たす物件に限られる\n固定金利は足元の変動金利より高いことがある\n金利・手数料は金融機関や融資率により異なる（最新条件を要確認）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/flat-35","relationships":{"providers":["provider:japan-housing-finance-agency"],"families":["family:flat-35"],"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[{"id":"jhf-flat35","publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","title":"【フラット35】","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:wise:ja","entityId":"product:wise","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Wise","plainText":"海外送金\n仲値と明示的な手数料で送金する登録済みの送金サービス。個人送金では銀行送金より安いことが多い。\n仲値と明示的な手数料\nマルチカレンシー口座とデビットカード\n送金前に受取額を明確に提示\n大口には送金上限・本人確認あり\n日本の銀行口座の代替にはならない\n送金ごとの明示手数料＋仲値（受取額で比較を）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/wise","relationships":{"providers":["provider:wise"],"families":["family:wise"],"clusters":["cluster:remittance"]},"sources":[{"id":"wise","publisher":"Wise","title":"Wise（海外送金）","url":"https://wise.com/jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"product:revolut:ja","entityId":"product:revolut","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Revolut","plainText":"マルチカレンシー口座\nカードと両替の手数料枠を備えたアプリ型のマルチカレンシー口座。複数通貨を使う・持つ人に便利。\nアプリ内で複数通貨を保有・両替\n海外での有利な為替でのカード利用\n英語のアプリとサポート\n無料両替枠や週末マージンはプランにより異なる\n機能は地域・プランで異なる\nプラン制。無料枠までは両替無料、以降は手数料（最新条件を要確認）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/revolut","relationships":{"providers":["provider:revolut"],"families":["family:revolut"],"clusters":["cluster:remittance"]},"sources":[{"id":"revolut-jp","publisher":"Revolut","title":"Revolut 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account","url":"https://www.nomura.co.jp/apply/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30"}]},{"id":"comparison:banks:best-banks-english-support:ja","entityId":"comparison:banks:best-banks-english-support","entityType":"comparison","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"英語対応で選ぶ日本の銀行","plainText":"英語対応を「Web・申込・アプリ・電話・店舗」に分けて、実際に記載のある銀行を整理。うわさに頼らない比較。\n英語で銀行取引をしたい・する必要がある居住者、特に新規居住者。\nここでフル英語対応を全チャネルで明記しているのはプレスティアのみ。\nソニー銀行・セブン銀行は一部チャネルで英語対応（使いたいサービスごとに要確認）。\n他の多くの日本の銀行は英語対応の記載がなく「未確認」と表示。\n検証可能なチャネルで少なくとも一部の英語対応が記載されている銀行を掲載。記載のない銀行はこのショートリストから除外し、マスター表では「未確認」と表示。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/compare/best-banks-english-support","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sony-bank","provider:seven-bank","provider:sbi-shinsei-bank"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-prestia","publisher":"株式会社SMBC信託銀行","title":"SMBC信託銀行 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vs 三井住友 vs みずほ","plainText":"日本の三大メガバンクを、店舗網・経済圏・日常機能で比較。\n給与・住宅ローン・法人などでフルサービスのメガバンクを選ぶ人。\n三行ともフルサービスのメガバンクで、全国店舗・日本語中心。\nアプリ・ポイント統合ではOlive／VポイントのSMBCが先行。\n日常の手数料差は小さく変動的（使い方に応じて最新表を要確認）。\n直接代替となるフルサービス3行として比較。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/compare/mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mufg-bank","provider:smbc","provider:mizuho"]},"sources":[{"id":"mufg-bank","publisher":"株式会社三菱UFJ銀行","title":"三菱UFJ銀行","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"smbc-bank","publisher":"株式会社三井住友銀行","title":"三井住友銀行","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"mizuho-bank","publisher":"株式会社みずほ銀行","title":"みずほ銀行","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-28"},{"id":"comparison:banks:rakuten-vs-paypay-vs-jibun:ja","entityId":"comparison:banks:rakuten-vs-paypay-vs-jibun","entityType":"comparison","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"楽天銀行 vs PayPay銀行 vs auじぶん銀行","plainText":"経済圏連携の3ネット銀行を比較。多くの場合、すでに使っている経済圏で選ぶのが正解。\nポイント・通信の経済圏に紐づく手数料無料のネット銀行を選ぶ人。\nいずれも手数料無料のネット銀行で、決め手は経済圏の連携。\n楽天とauじぶんは証券連携の記載あり（最新条件を要確認）。\nポイント制度は変更が多い（付与率・条件は事前に要確認）。\n直接比較できる経済圏連携の個人向けネット銀行3行。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/compare/rakuten-vs-paypay-vs-jibun","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-bank","provider:paypay-bank","provider:jibun-bank"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-bank","publisher":"楽天銀行株式会社","title":"楽天銀行","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"paypay-bank","publisher":"PayPay銀行株式会社","title":"PayPay銀行","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jibun-bank","publisher":"auじぶん銀行株式会社","title":"auじぶん銀行","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-28"},{"id":"comparison:banks:banks-with-brokerage-integration:ja","entityId":"comparison:banks:banks-with-brokerage-integration","entityType":"comparison","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"証券連携で選ぶ日本の銀行","plainText":"銀行と証券の連携を経済圏別に比較。連携口座がすべての投資家に適するとは限りません。\n日本の証券会社を利用中、または利用予定の居住者。\n証券会社自体を比較してから経済圏を選びます。\n連携は運用成果や口座承認を保証しません。\n個人向け銀行で証券連携に出典がある場合のみ掲載。\n証券会社の優劣、運用成果、承認可能性は比較対象外です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/compare/banks-with-brokerage-integration","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-bank","provider:sbi-sumishin","provider:jibun-bank"]},"sources":[{"id":"rakuten-bank","publisher":"楽天銀行株式会社","title":"楽天銀行","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sbi-sumishin","publisher":"住信SBIネット銀行株式会社","title":"住信SBIネット銀行","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"jibun-bank","publisher":"auじぶん銀行株式会社","title":"auじぶん銀行","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"rakuten-sec","publisher":"楽天証券株式会社","title":"楽天証券","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"sbi-sec","publisher":"株式会社SBI証券","title":"SBI証券","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29"},{"id":"comparison:banks:banks-for-international-transfers:ja","entityId":"comparison:banks:banks-for-international-transfers","entityType":"comparison","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外送金機能で選ぶ日本の銀行","plainText":"海外送金の明記、英語対応、外貨口座を比較。送金前に最新手数料と為替レートを確認してください。\n国境を越えて定期的に送受金する居住者。\n送金機能があることは総コスト最安を意味しません。\n受取手数料、中継銀行手数料、為替上乗せを経路別に比較します。\n公式資料で海外送金機能を確認できる銀行を掲載。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/compare/banks-for-international-transfers","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sony-bank","provider:sbi-shinsei-bank","provider:seven-bank"]},"sources":[{"id":"smbc-prestia","publisher":"株式会社SMBC信託銀行","title":"SMBC信託銀行 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任する人。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#nozei-kanrinin","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-tax-agent","publisher":"国税庁","title":"出国する納税者の納税管理人","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/12004.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:gaikoku-zeigaku-kojo:ja","entityId":"glossary:gaikoku-zeigaku-kojo","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国税額控除","plainText":"対象の外国所得税を日本の税から控除して二重課税を緩和する制度。日本側の限度額があります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#gaikoku-zeigaku-kojo","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-foreign-tax-credit","publisher":"国税庁","title":"外国税額控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1240.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:zoyozei:ja","entityId":"glossary:zoyozei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"贈与税","plainText":"受贈者が、年110万円の基礎控除（贈与者合計）を超える贈与に納める税。最高55%の累進税率です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#zoyozei","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-gift-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"贈与税がかかる場合","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/zoyo/4402.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:sozokuzei:ja","entityId":"glossary:sozokuzei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"相続税","plainText":"基礎控除「3,000万円＋600万円×法定相続人」を超える遺産にかかる税。申告は原則10か月以内です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#sozokuzei","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-inheritance-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"相続税の計算と基礎控除","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/sozoku/4152.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:kotei-shisanzei:ja","entityId":"glossary:kotei-shisanzei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"固定資産税","plainText":"土地・家屋・償却資産にかかる市区町村の毎年の税。1月1日の所有者と評価額に基づきます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#kotei-shisanzei","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"tokyo-fixed-asset-tax","publisher":"東京都主税局","title":"固定資産税・都市計画税（土地・家屋）","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:inshizei:ja","entityId":"glossary:inshizei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"印紙税","plainText":"一定の紙の文書（契約書・高額の領収書）の作成に、記載金額に応じて課される税。純粋な電子文書は原則対象外です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#inshizei","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-stamp-tax","publisher":"国税庁","title":"印紙税額の一覧表","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7140.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:kyojusha:ja","entityId":"glossary:kyojusha","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"居住者","plainText":"所得税では、日本に住所がある、または1年以上居所がある人。非居住者より広く課税されます（在留資格とは別の税務概念）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#kyojusha","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"国税庁","title":"居住者・非居住者の区分と課税所得の範囲","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:hikyojusha:ja","entityId":"glossary:hikyojusha","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"非居住者","plainText":"税務上、日本に住所も1年以上の居所もない人。特定の日本源泉所得のみ課税されます。在留資格とは別です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#hikyojusha","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-nonresident","publisher":"国税庁","title":"居住者・非居住者の区分と課税所得の範囲","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:zeirishi:ja","entityId":"glossary:zeirishi","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"税理士","plainText":"日本で規制された税務助言を行い、税務当局に対して納税者を代理できる唯一の有資格者。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#zeirishi","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"zeirishi-dot-com","publisher":"弁護士ドットコム株式会社","title":"税理士ドットコム","url":"https://www.zeiri4.com/","official":false,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:furusato-nozei:ja","entityId":"glossary:furusato-nozei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ふるさと納税","plainText":"自治体に寄付して返礼品を受け取りつつ、ほぼ全額を税から控除できる制度（実質自己負担2,000円）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#furusato-nozei","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-furusato","publisher":"国税庁","title":"ふるさと納税（寄附金控除）","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1155.htm","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:kaigyo-todoke:ja","entityId":"glossary:kaigyo-todoke","entityType":"glossary","locale":"j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":"ja","status":"published","title":"修繕積立金","plainText":"大規模修繕のために貯めるマンションの積立金。通常運営を賄う管理費とは別です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#shuzen-tsumitatekin","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"glossary:kanrihi:ja","entityId":"glossary:kanrihi","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"管理費","plainText":"マンションの通常の共用運営のための月次費用。大規模修繕には貯めません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#kanrihi","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"glossary:saikenchiku-fuka:ja","entityId":"glossary:saikenchiku-fuka","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"再建築不可","plainText":"現行の接道・都市計画で通常建て替えられない物件。融資と売却が大きく制約されます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#saikenchiku-fuka","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"glossary:akiya:ja","entityId":"glossary:akiya","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"空き家","plainText":"空き家。安いことが多いが、権利・接道・構造・改装の問題が価格を超え得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#akiya","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"glossary:jutaku-loan-genzei:ja","entityId":"glossary:jutaku-loan-genzei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン減税","plainText":"年末の適格なローン残高に基づく所得税の税額控除。条件があり初年度に申告します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#jutaku-loan-genzei","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[{"id":"nta-mortgage-deduction","publisher":"National 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insurance-consumer","publisher":"金融庁","title":"保険商品をご利用の方へ","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:kougaku-ryoyohi:ja","entityId":"glossary:kougaku-ryoyohi","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"高額療養費","plainText":"公的医療保険の制度で、暦月内の対象自己負担を年齢・所得区分に応じて上限までに抑えます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#kougaku-ryoyohi","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"mhlw-high-cost","publisher":"厚生労働省","title":"高額療養費制度","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:shobyo-teate:ja","entityId":"glossary:shobyo-teate","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"傷病手当金","plainText":"会社員の健康保険で、業務外の病気・けがで働けない場合の所得保障。おおむね標準報酬の3分の2です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#shobyo-teate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"kyoukaikenpo-sickness","publisher":"全国健康保険協会","title":"傷病手当金","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:jibaiseki:ja","entityId":"glossary:jibaiseki","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"自賠責保険","plainText":"自動車事故の被害者の死傷を補償する強制保険。対物・自車・法定限度超の賠償は対象外です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#jibaiseki","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"mlit-cali","publisher":"国土交通省","title":"自賠責保険","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jidosha/anzen/04relief/jibai/insurance.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:nini-hoken:ja","entityId":"glossary:nini-hoken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"任意保険","plainText":"自賠責を超える対人・対物賠償、搭乗者傷害、車両損害、弁護士費用、ロードサービスなどを補う任意の自動車保険。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#nini-hoken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"sonpo-auto","publisher":"日本損害保険協会","title":"自動車保険","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jidosha/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:kasai-hoken:ja","entityId":"glossary:kasai-hoken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"火災保険","plainText":"火災・風災・水濡れなど選択した危険を補償する住宅の保険。水災・破損・地震は別の補償です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#kasai-hoken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"sonpo-earthquake","publisher":"日本損害保険協会","title":"地震保険","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"glossary:kojin-baisho:ja","entityId":"glossary:kojin-baisho","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"個人賠償責任","plainText":"日常生活での法律上の賠償責任（子どもの破損・自転車事故・漏水など）を補償。世帯で1契約あれば足りることが多いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#kojin-baisho","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"id":"giaj","publisher":"一般社団法人 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日本損害保険協会","title":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true,"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24"}]},{"id":"persona:new-to-japan:ja","entityId":"persona:new-to-japan","entityType":"persona","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本に来たばかり","plainText":"最初の1年。お金をゼロから整える。\n来日して間もなく、銀行・カード・税金・日々のお金をゼロから整える必要がある方。\n銀行口座、携帯契約、家賃、そして育った国とは違う税制度。すべてが一度に新しくなります。最初の1年の目標は最適化ではなく、機能する土台を作ることです。\n完璧なカードや最良の証券会社はまだ必要ありません。必要なのは、きちんと使える口座、自動で払われる支払い、そして収入から何が引かれるかの基本的な理解です。\n在留カードで銀行口座を開く\n税務上の居住区分と、引かれるものを理解する\n作りやすいクレジットカードを1枚持ち、全額払いにする\n必要になる前に、安い海外送金を設定する\n住民税は1年遅れで請求される。2年目の増加に備える\n引っ越したら14日以内に住所を更新する\n新しいカードのリボ払い初期設定に注意する","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/persona/new-to-japan","relationships":{"courses":["course:money-basics-japan","course:budgeting-and-saving","course:credit-and-cards","course:understanding-taxes"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:moving-to-japan"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"persona:expat:ja","entityId":"persona:expat","entityType":"persona","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"駐在・外国人プロフェッショナル","plainText":"2か国をまたぐ、中期の居住者。\n日本で腰を据えて働き、数年在住する可能性があり、日本と母国にまたがるお金や義務がある方。\n基本は整いました。次に出てくるのが国際的な問いです。いずれ帰国するかもしれないのに日本で投資すべきか。NISAと母国の口座はどう関係するか。転居したら税はどうなるか。\n強みは、出国を見据えて計画することです。居住中に税制優遇のある制度を使いつつ、出国の日に混乱を残さないようにします。\n税務上の居住区分と、5年の節目を明確にする\n一時的かもしれない在住に、NISA/iDeCoをどう組み込むか決める\n母国との口座と申告を整合させる\n早期の出国に伴う税・年金の影響を計画する\n出国はNISA/iDeCoの資格を変える。先に規定を確認\n出国時、多額の資産に出国税が及ぶことがある\n母国の申告（米国FBAR/FATCA等）が続くこともある","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/persona/expat","relationships":{"courses":["course:nisa-foundations","course:understanding-taxes","course:cross-border-tax"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:start-investing","roadmap:leaving-japan"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"persona:born-in-japan:ja","entityId":"persona:born-in-japan","entityType":"persona","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で生まれ育った","plainText":"身近な制度を、もっと味方につける。\n日常は分かっているが、NISA・控除・長期投資をもっと自信を持って使いたい方。\n日々のお金に慣れていても、投資や税の最適化に慣れているとは限りません。生涯ここに住む多くの人が、すべてを低金利の預金に置いたまま、NISAを開いたことがありません。\nチャンスは、眠っている預金を税制優遇口座で働かせ、制度がすでに用意している控除を使うことです。\nNISAを開設し、長期・非課税で運用する\n毎年、ふるさと納税などの控除を活用する\n生活防衛資金を作り、余剰を投資に回す\n公的年金に加え、老後に向けてiDeCoを検討する\n預金だけの貯蓄は、数十年でインフレに静かに負ける\n手数料の高い保険連動の「投資」商品に注意\n分散の代わりに個別株の情報を追いかけない","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/persona/born-in-japan","relationships":{"courses":["course:nisa-foundations","course:first-time-investing","course:understanding-taxes"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:start-investing"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"persona:fresh-grad:ja","entityId":"persona:fresh-grad","entityType":"persona","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"新社会人","plainText":"初めての給料と、一生の習慣。\n初めて正社員として働き始め（新社会人）、給与明細・貯蓄・投資を同時に学んでいる方。\n収入はまだ多くなくても、投資期間は非常に長く、後の高給よりも早い時期の習慣が価値を持ちます。今の少額が数十年かけて複利で育ちます。\n最初の給与明細は良い教材です。税・年金・保険がはっきり示されます。それを理解すれば、「お金がどこへ消えた」が計画に変わります。\n給与明細を読み、各控除を理解する\n給料日から少額の貯蓄を自動化する\nNISAを開き、少額から着実に積み立てる\n最初のクレジットカードを持ち、必ず全額払いにする\n生活水準の上昇が、貯める前に昇給を食う\n住民税は社会人2年目から。備えておく\nリボ払いや手数料の高い貯蓄型保険を避ける","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/persona/fresh-grad","relationships":{"courses":["course:budgeting-and-saving","course:understanding-taxes","course:nisa-foundations","course:first-time-investing"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:start-investing"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"persona:thirties:ja","entityId":"persona:thirties","entityType":"persona","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"30代","plainText":"築く時期。家庭を持つことも。\n収入と選択肢（住まい・家族・老後）があり、それらを無理なく組み合わせたい方。\n判断が大きくなる10年です。賃貸か購入か、扶養家族の保険、住まいと老後の両方への資金。単純なルールに代わって、トレードオフが増えます。\n目標は、ばらばらの商品ではなく一貫した計画です。生活防衛資金、税制優遇の投資、身の丈に合った保険、そして住宅ローンの全体像を明確にすることです。\n扶養家族に合わせて保険を適正化する。過不足なく\nNISAで投資を続け、iDeCoも検討する\n住宅ローンの前に、賃貸か購入かを正直に試算する\nふるさと納税や家族関連の控除を使う\n過剰な保険は、よくある高くつく失敗\n住宅ローンは在留資格と金利タイプが要\n住宅のために老後資金を完全に止めない","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/persona/thirties","relationships":{"courses":["course:budgeting-and-saving","course:nisa-foundations","course:understanding-taxes"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:buying-a-home","roadmap:start-investing"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"persona:first-time-investor:ja","entityId":"persona:first-time-investor","entityType":"persona","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"はじめての投資家","plainText":"貯める人から、投資する人へ。落ち着いて。\n貯蓄があり投資を始める準備はできているが、お金を入れる前にリスクを理解したい方。\n投資で最も難しいのはファンド選びではなく、相場が下がっても動じずにいられるだけリスクを理解することです。そこを押さえれば、あとはほぼ忍耐です。\n道のりは短いです。生活防衛資金があることを確認し、普遍的な考え方（分散・低コスト・複利）を学び、NISAの中で少額から始めて続けるだけです。\n1円でも投資する前に、生活防衛資金を確認する\nリスク・分散・低コストのインデックスを学ぶ\nNISAを開き、幅広い定番ファンドを選ぶ\n毎月の投資を自動化し、雑音を無視する\n「高リターン・ノーリスク」は必ず詐欺\n数年以内に使うお金は投資しない\n下落時のパニック売りが最も高くつく","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/persona/first-time-investor","relationships":{"courses":["course:first-time-investing","course:nisa-foundations","course:budgeting-and-saving"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:start-investing"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"persona:international-student:ja","entityId":"persona:international-student","entityType":"persona","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"留学生","plainText":"学業・アルバイト・ビザに合ったお金。\n留学ビザで日本に学び、限られた予算とアルバイトの制限を管理している方。\n学生のお金は、限られた予算で基本をきちんと行うことが中心です。使える銀行口座、家族や母国からの安い送金、そしてビザで認められた範囲内でのアルバイトです。\n今のうちに良い習慣と薄い信用履歴を作っておけば、卒業後も日本に残る場合に役立ちます。\n学生でも作りやすい銀行口座を開く\n母国からの仕送りに、低コストの送金を設定する\nビザで認められたアルバイト時間を管理する\n対象なら初心者向けカードを持ち、全額払いにする\n認められた労働時間の超過はビザのリスク\n少額・頻繁な送金の為替上乗せに注意\n一定額を超えて稼ぐ場合の税ルールを知る","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/persona/international-student","relationships":{"courses":["course:money-basics-japan","course:budgeting-and-saving","course:credit-and-cards"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:moving-to-japan"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"persona:dual-citizen:ja","entityId":"persona:dual-citizen","entityType":"persona","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"二重国籍・国際的な立場","plainText":"2つの制度を、1つの明確な計画に。\n2つの国とのつながり（国籍・家族・資産）があり、税が国境をまたぐ方。\n国際的な生活はルールを増やします。2つの税制、二重課税の可能性、そして納税額がなくても生じ得る申告義務です。米国市民が最も強く直面しますが、二重のつながりがあれば注意が必要です。\n勝ち筋は、早めに義務を洗い出し、記録をきれいに保つことです。何年も後に申告義務に気づくのは避けたいものです。国際税務の有資格者の力が最も生きる立場でもあります。\n各国での税務上の居住区分を確定する\n両国間の租税条約と外国税額控除を理解する\nすべての申告義務（米国FBAR/FATCA等）を把握する\n多額の投資があれば、日本の出国税に備える\n納税額ゼロでも申告漏れに罰則が及び得る\n日本のNISA優遇は国外で認められないことがある\n国際申告の自己流は、高くつく誤りが潜む場所","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/persona/dual-citizen","relationships":{"courses":["course:cross-border-tax","course:understanding-taxes","course:nisa-foundations"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:leaving-japan"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"course:money-basics-japan:ja","entityId":"course:money-basics-japan","entityType":"course","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のお金の基本","plainText":"日本での日常のお金の仕組み。銀行、現金文化、マイナンバー、避けて通れない支払いを学びます。\n来日後の数か月で必要な口座とカードを整えられる\n収入から引かれる税金と保険を理解できる\n重要な公的書類と、その理由がわかる\n銀行口座と現金中心の文化\n日本は多くの国よりも、いまだに現金と銀行振込が中心です。銀行口座は、給与・家賃・光熱費・カード引き落としの拠点になります。\nメガバンクは支店が多く、ネット銀行や英語対応の銀行は、来日直後の最初の口座として作りやすいことが多いです。開設には在留カードが必要で、印鑑を求められることもあります（署名で対応できるネット銀行も増えています）。\n口座振替による自動支払いや給与振込は一般的です。早めに設定しておくと、支払い忘れや延滞手数料を防げます。\n銀行口座は給与・家賃・支払いの拠点\n在留カードを持参。印鑑を求められることもある\n口座振替を早めに設定して支払い忘れを防ぐ\nマイナンバーと重要書類\nマイナンバーは、税・社会保険・一部の金融口座で使う12桁の番号です。銀行や証券会社で提示を求められます。カードや通知書は大切に、他人に見せずに保管しましょう。\nほかに常に使う書類が2つあります。在留資格と住所を証明する在留カードと、収入を証明する源泉徴収票（勤務先が年末に発行する書類）です。\n引っ越したら、14日以内に市区町村役場と在留カードの住所を更新します。銀行・保険・税のいずれにも、最新の住所が必要です。\nマイナンバーは税・金融口座に必要\n在留カードの住所は14日以内に更新\n源泉徴収票は公式な収入証明\n収入から引かれるもの\n会社員の場合、給与明細には手取り前の控除が並びます。所得税・住民税・健康保険・厚生年金です。合計で収入に応じておおよそ15〜30%になります。\n住民税は前年の所得をもとに請求されるため、2年目に驚くことがあります。出国後に届くこともあるので、あらかじめ備えましょう。\n会社員は年末調整で税がほぼ自動精算されるため、確定申告をしない人も多くいます。追加の控除を受けるために申告することもできます。\n控除は収入の約15〜30%になり得る\n住民税は1年遅れで、出国後に請求されることも\n会社員は年末調整でほぼ精算される","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/courses/money-basics-japan","relationships":{"personas":["persona:new-to-japan","persona:international-student","persona:expat"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"course:budgeting-and-saving:ja","entityId":"course:budgeting-and-saving","entityType":"course","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"家計管理と生活防衛資金","plainText":"支出を把握し、固定費を抑え、投資の前に安全な備えを作るためのシンプルな仕組み。\n固定費と変動費を分け、すぐできる節約を見つけられる\n自分に合った生活防衛資金の金額を決められる\n意志の力に頼らず、貯蓄を自動化できる\n固定費こそ効く\n日本での家計管理は、まず固定費（家賃・通信・保険・サブスク）に手をつけるのが最も効果的です。格安SIMへの乗り換え1回で、コーヒーを何か月我慢するより大きく節約できます。\n銀行とカードの明細から、毎月の定期的な支払いをすべて書き出します。使っていないものは解約し、残りは見直しや乗り換えをします。固定費の節約は、以後ずっと自動で効き続けます。\n固定費を絞ってはじめて、変動費（食費・娯楽費）の見直しに注力する価値が出てきます。\nまず固定費を削る。節約が毎月続く\n格安SIMは毎日の節約より効くことが多い\n変動費は固定費を絞ってから見直す\n生活防衛資金はいくら必要？\n生活防衛資金は、失業・医療費・急な引っ越しに備えて、すぐ使える形で持っておく現金です。目安としてよく挙げられるのは、生活に必要な支出の3〜6か月分です。\nフリーランスや片働き世帯は、収入が読みにくいため、6〜12か月分と多めを目標にすることが多いです。雇用が非常に安定し、公的医療保険がある人は、下限に近くても安心できる場合があります。\n投資には回さず、すぐ引き出せる普通預金に置きます。役割は増やすことではなく、安全性とスピードです。\n生活必需費の3〜6か月分が目安\nフリーランス・片働きは多めに\nすぐ引き出せる現金で持つ\n自動化して続ける\n意志の力は続きませんが、仕組みは続きます。給料日に、使ってしまう前に貯蓄へお金を移す自動積立を使いましょう。「先取り貯蓄」と呼ばれます。\n多くの銀行や証券会社で、毎月一定額の自動振替を設定できます。まったく負担にならない金額から始め、収入が増えたら増やしていきます。\n口座と連携する家計簿アプリを使えば、記録が手間ではなく一目で済むようになります。\n給料日の自動振替で「先取り貯蓄」\n無理のない額から始め、昇給ごとに増やす\n連携型の家計簿アプリで記録を楽に","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/courses/budgeting-and-saving","relationships":{"personas":["persona:fresh-grad","persona:new-to-japan","persona:thirties","persona:born-in-japan"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"course:understanding-taxes:ja","entityId":"course:understanding-taxes","entityType":"course","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の税金を理解する","plainText":"所得税・住民税・年末調整、そして多くの人が使い逃す控除をやさしく解説します。\n所得税と住民税の違いを説明できる\n自分で確定申告が必要になる場合を理解できる\nふるさと納税や医療費控除などをうまく使える\n所得にかかる2つの税\n所得税は国の税で、累進課税です。所得が高いほど税率が上がります。給与から源泉徴収され、年末に精算されます。\n住民税は地方の税で、課税所得のおおむね一律10%です。重要な点として、前年の所得をもとに翌年6月から請求されます。来日1年目は少なく、2年目に大きく増えることがよくあります。\nどちらも額面ではなく、控除後の所得に対して計算されます。だからこそ控除が重要になります。\n所得税は国税で累進課税\n住民税は約10%で1年遅れ\nどちらも控除後の所得に課税\n年末調整と確定申告\nほとんどの会社員は確定申告をしません。勤務先が年末調整を行い、源泉徴収された税とその年の控除を精算します。\n一般に、フリーランス、一定額を超える副収入がある人、勤務先が2つある人、年末調整で扱えない控除を受けたい人は、3月中旬までに自分で確定申告をする必要があります。\n申告はe‑Taxによるオンライン、または紙で行います。源泉徴収票と領収書は保管しておきましょう。年末調整にも確定申告にも使う元資料です。\n会社員は通常、年末調整で精算\nフリーランスや副収入があれば確定申告\n締切は3月中旬。e‑Taxでオンライン可\n見落とされがちな控除\nふるさと納税は、住民税の一部を自分で選んだ自治体に振り向け、返礼品を受け取れる制度です。自己負担は実質2,000円です。ワンストップ特例か確定申告のいずれかが必要です。\n医療費控除は、1年間の世帯の医療費が一定額を超えた場合に使えます。保険料、一部の住宅ローン、扶養親族なども控除の対象になります。\nこれらは抜け穴ではなく、制度が設計どおりに機能しているものです。自分の生活に合う控除を2〜3個学ぶことは、家計管理で最も費用対効果の高い1時間になることが多いです。\nふるさと納税は実質2,000円で住民税を振替\n一定額を超える医療費は控除対象\n自分に合う控除を2〜3個学ぶ","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/courses/understanding-taxes","relationships":{"personas":["persona:fresh-grad","persona:born-in-japan","persona:thirties","persona:expat"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"course:credit-and-cards:ja","entityId":"course:credit-and-cards","entityType":"course","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の信用とカード","plainText":"日本の信用情報の仕組み、審査の通し方、リボ払いの落とし穴の避け方を学びます。\n日本の信用情報が何を記録するか理解できる\nカードやローンの審査に通りやすくする\nリボ払いのコストを避けられる\n日本の信用情報の仕組み\n日本にはCICやJICCといった信用情報機関があり、カード・ローン・支払い遅延の有無を記録します。国によっては頻繁に確認する有名な「スコア」がありますが、日本では、きれいな支払い履歴が静かに道を開きます。\n新規居住者の履歴は薄い状態から始まります。作りやすいカードを1枚持ち、毎月全額支払うのが、履歴を作る標準的な方法です。後により良いカード・携帯契約・住宅ローンで役立ちます。\n延滞や債務不履行は何年も記録されます。自動引き落としの支払い忘れ1回は、避けるのは簡単でも、直すには時間もお金もかかります。\nCIC・JICCがカード・ローン・支払い状況を記録\nカード1枚を毎月全額払いで履歴を作る\n延滞は何年も残る。自動化で防ぐ\n審査に通るには\n審査は資産よりも安定性を重視します。勤務先の安定、住所の一貫性、日本での在住期間が有利に働きます。頻繁な転居や来日直後は、最初の申込で不利になることがあります。\nプレミアムカードではなく、新規居住者でも作りやすい、あるいは英語対応のカードから始めましょう。否決自体が記録に残るため、通りやすいところから申し込みます。\nすでに使っている銀行・小売・通信会社が発行するカードは、既存の取引を確認できるため、通りやすいことが多いです。\n審査では収入より安定性\nまず作りやすいカードへ。否決も記録される\n取引のある会社のカードは通りやすい\nリボ払いの落とし穴\nリボ払いは、残高を毎月少額に分けて支払う方法で、年15%前後の高い金利がかかります。初期設定になっていたり、ポイントで強く勧められたりすることがよくあります。\n安全な習慣は、毎月全額を支払う一括払いです。カードの設定を確認しましょう。知らないうちにリボ払いに登録されていたり、購入が自動でリボに変わったりするカードもあります。\n分割払いやリボ払いは、全額払いとは違います。ルールを1つだけ覚えるなら、「毎月、請求額を全額支払う」にしましょう。\nリボは約15%の金利。初期設定のことも\n設定を確認。自動登録のカードもある\nルールは1つ、毎月全額払い","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/courses/credit-and-cards","relationships":{"personas":["persona:new-to-japan","persona:fresh-grad","persona:international-student","persona:expat"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"course:nisa-foundations:ja","entityId":"course:nisa-foundations","entityType":"course","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAの基礎","plainText":"日本の非課税投資口座。制度の中身、2024年の新NISA、始め方を学びます。\nNISAとは何か、非課税の意味を説明できる\n成長投資枠とつみたて枠、上限額を理解できる\n最初の口座と無難なファンドの種類を選べる\nNISAとは何か、なぜ重要か\n通常、日本では投資の利益に約20%の税がかかります。NISA口座内では、対象となる利益や配当が非課税になります。数十年単位で見ると、その20%を投資に残せることが大きな差になります。\nNISAは投資そのものではなく「器」です。証券会社でNISA口座を開き、その中でファンドや株を買います。税優遇は、何を買うかではなく、どこで持つかから生まれます。\n2024年の「新NISA」は、制度を恒久化し、枠を拡大し、以前より簡素にしました。古いガイドが誤解を招くのはこのためです。\nNISAは対象の利益・配当を非課税に\n「器」であり、中身は自分で選ぶ\n2024年の新制度は恒久・拡大・簡素\n2つの枠と上限\n新NISAには、同じ年に使える2つの枠があります。定期的に低コストのファンドへ積み立てる「つみたて投資枠」と、個別株を含む幅広い対象を買える「成長投資枠」です。\n両方を合わせた年間の上限と、より大きな生涯の保有上限（非課税保有限度額）があります。売却すると、その生涯の枠は翌年に復活します。旧制度にはなかった柔軟さです。\n多くの初心者にとっては、つみたて投資枠で、幅広く低コストのインデックスファンドに毎月コツコツ投資するのが無難な選択です。上限を使い切らなくても恩恵は得られます。\nつみたて枠=積立、成長枠=幅広い対象\n年間・生涯の上限。売却枠は翌年復活\nつみたてで幅広いインデックスが無難\n口座開設と最初の一歩\nNISA口座は1年に1社でしか持てないため、選択が重要です。楽天・SBI・マネックスなどのネット証券は、手数料の安さ、ファンドの品揃え、アプリの使いやすさで人気があります。\n開設にはマイナンバーと本人確認書類が必要で、税務署の確認に数日かかることがあります。開設後は毎月の金額とファンドを設定すれば、自動で運用されます。\n居住状況は重要です。NISAは日本の居住者向けで、出国は口座に影響します。出国の予定があるなら、事前に手続きを確認しましょう。\nNISAは年1社。慎重に選ぶ\nマイナンバーと税務署確認（数日）が必要\nNISAは居住者向け。出国には規定あり","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/courses/nisa-foundations","relationships":{"personas":["persona:first-time-investor","persona:fresh-grad","persona:thirties","persona:expat","persona:born-in-japan"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"course:first-time-investing:ja","entityId":"course:first-time-investing","entityType":"course","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"はじめての投資 101","plainText":"リスク・分散・インデックスファンド・複利。堅実な投資を支える普遍的な考え方を学びます。\nリスクとリターンの関係を正直に理解できる\n低コストで分散されたインデックスファンドが定番の理由がわかる\n相場のタイミングより、時間と複利の力を理解できる\nリスク・リターンと正直さ\n高いリターンの可能性には、高いリスク、とくに短期的な損失の可能性が伴います。「リスクなしで高リターン」をうたうものは、投資ではなく詐欺の説明です。\n相場は上がるだけでなく下がるため、数年以内に使うかもしれないお金は、基本的に市場に置くべきではありません。それは生活防衛資金や短期の貯蓄の役割です。\n正直な投資期間と、残高が下がるのをどれだけ受け入れられるか。この2つが、取るべきリスクの大きさを決める入力になります。\n高リターンには高リスクが伴う\n「高リターン・ノーリスク」は詐欺のサイン\nすぐ使うお金は市場に置かない\n分散とインデックスファンド\n分散とは、1つの会社や国にすべてを賭けないことです。1つの株はゼロになり得ますが、数百〜数千に広げたかごは、はるかに安定します。\nインデックスファンドは、そのかごをまとめて買い、市場を上回ろうとせず市場に連動します。売買が少なくスター運用者も不要なため、手数料が非常に低く抑えられます。手数料は、自分でコントロールできる数少ない要素です。\n世界に分散された低コストのインデックスファンド。多くの初心者向けガイドが同じ「地味な」答えに行き着くのはこのためです。投資では、地味さは褒め言葉です。\n分散は単一の賭けのリスクを下げる\nインデックスは市場に安く連動\n低い手数料は数少ない自分で選べる要素\nタイミングより時間\n複利とは、利益がさらに利益を生むことです。十分な年数があれば、この曲線は、完璧な買い時を当てることよりもはるかに大きな仕事をします。\n安く買って高く売るというタイミング投資は、プロでさえ安定してできることは稀です。一定額を定期的に投資する積立（ドルコスト平均法）は、当て推量を避ける方法です。\n初心者の本当の強みは行動面にあります。早く始め、コストを低く保ち、投資を続け、下落時にパニック売りをしないこと。忍耐こそが戦略です。\n複利は市場にいる時間を報いる\n積立はタイミングの当て推量を避ける\n強みは行動面。早く始め、動じない","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/courses/first-time-investing","relationships":{"personas":["persona:first-time-investor","persona:fresh-grad","persona:thirties","persona:born-in-japan"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"course:cross-border-tax:ja","entityId":"course:cross-border-tax","entityType":"course","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"国際・駐在の税金","plainText":"税務上の居住区分、二重課税の調整、米国市民、二重国籍、出国税を、わかりやすく整理します。\nどの国がどの所得に課税できるかを判断できる\n租税条約と外国税額控除の考え方を理解できる\n米国市民・二重国籍者に特有の注意点を知る\n税務上の居住区分がほぼすべてを決める\n日本は国籍ではなく居住区分に基づいて課税します。個人を「非居住者」「非永住者」「永住者（税務上）」に分けます。これは在住期間や在住形態に基づく区分で、入管上の永住権とは別物です。\n大まかに、非永住者は日本国内源泉所得に加え、日本で支払われた・日本へ送金された国外所得に課税されます。永住者（税務上）は全世界所得に課税されます。最初の5年間が大きな意味を持つことがよくあります。\n2つの国がそれぞれあなたを居住者と主張し得るため、各国での居住区分と、租税条約の振り分け（タイブレーカー）規定を最初に確定させることが、具体的な数字を心配する前の第一歩です。\n日本は国籍でなく居住区分で課税\n非永住者か永住者（税務上）かで範囲が変わる\n数字より先に各国の居住区分を確定\n二重課税を避ける\n2つの国が同じ所得に課税する場合、救済は通常、租税条約と外国税額控除によって行われます。一方の国で払った税を、もう一方の国で課される税から差し引くことで、完全な二重課税を避けます。\n条約は、年金・配当・不動産・給与所得などの第一次課税権を割り当て、両国が居住者とみなす場合の振り分けも定めます。内容は国の組み合わせによって異なります。\n救済は自動ではないことがほとんどです。通常は申告し、外国で払った税の証憑をそろえて、控除や条約上の扱いを自分から主張する必要があります。ここが、国際税務の専門家に依頼する価値が出る場面です。\n外国税額控除で同一所得の二重課税を防ぐ\n条約が課税権と居住地の振り分けを定める\n救済は証憑をそろえ自ら申告。自動ではない\n米国市民・二重国籍・出国税\n米国は、居住地にかかわらず自国市民の全世界所得に課税します。そのため、日本に住む米国市民やグリーンカード保持者は、通常、両国で申告し、租税条約・外国稼得所得の除外・外国税額控除を活用します。なお、日本のNISAの非課税は米国では認められず、申告が複雑になることがあります。\n米国人はさらに、FBAR（海外銀行口座報告）やFATCAといった情報申告の義務があり、納税額がなくても未提出には高額の罰則があります。二重国籍者は、居住国だけでなく、保有するすべての国籍の申告義務を確認すべきです。\nこれとは別に、日本には出国税（国外転出時課税）があります。一定の長期居住者が出国する際、多額の金融資産の未実現の含み益に課税され得る制度です。多額の投資を保有し出国の可能性があるなら、航空券を取る前によく理解しておきましょう。\n米国市民は居住地を問わず全世界申告\nFBAR/FATCAは無税でも未提出に罰則\n出国税は出国時に含み益へ課税し得る","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/courses/cross-border-tax","relationships":{"personas":["persona:dual-citizen","persona:expat","persona:new-to-japan"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"course:going-freelance-japan:ja","entityId":"course:going-freelance-japan","entityType":"course","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本でフリーランスになる","plainText":"開業届から税金・請求・年金、そして法人化の判断まで。日本で自営するために必要なお金の仕組みを学びます。\n個人事業主として開業し、内容を理解して青色申告を選ぶ\n所得税・住民税・年金・健康保険の4つを把握し、積み立てる\n取引先に合わせてインボイス・消費税の判断をする\n取引先に請求し源泉徴収を理解し、法人化の是非を見極める\n立ち上げ：開業届と青色申告\n独立は多くの場合、無料の一枚の書類から始まります。税務署に出す開業届で、これにより個人事業主として登録されます。開始からおよそ1か月以内に提出し、同時に青色申告承認申請書も出しましょう。この一枚で、複式簿記による記帳と引き換えに、最大65万円の控除・損失の繰越・専従者給与が使えます。\n青色申告は初期で最も効く判断ですが条件があります。65万円は複式簿記＋電子申告（または要件を満たす電子帳簿）が必要で、紙申告は55万円、簡易な記帳は10万円に下がります。クラウド会計が記帳の大半を肩代わりするため、安定収入があるなら、青色を選びソフトに任せるのが素直な正解です。\n開業届と青色申告承認申請は同時に提出\n65万円控除は複式簿記＋電子申告が条件\n会計ソフトで青色の記帳は現実的になる\n4つの支払いと税金の積立\n支払いのほとんどは一つの数字、事業所得（売上−経費）から流れ、そこから所得控除を引いて課税所得になります。これに国の所得税（累進）と住民税（約10%）がかかります。並んで、いま自分で払う社会保険が2つ。国民年金（定額、令和8年度は月17,920円）と国民健康保険（所得連動、自治体が決定）です。\n落とし穴はタイミングです。住民税と健康保険料は前年所得基準のため、稼いだ翌年に請求が重くなり、多くの人が1年目に不意を突かれます。対策は税金の積立です。入金ごとに約20〜35%を別口座へ移し、所得が増えるほど比率も上げます。基礎控除や各種の壁は近年動いているため、その年の税率と控除額を確認しましょう。\n課税は売上でなく控除後の利益に\n住民税と健康保険は所得に1年遅れる\n入金ごとに利益の約20〜35%を積立\nインボイス制度と消費税\n消費税には既定と上書きがあります。既定では、基準期間（2年前）の課税売上が1,000万円を超えるまで免税事業者です。上書きがインボイス制度で、T番号の登録をすると1,000万円をはるかに下回っても課税事業者になります。多くの小規模フリーランスにとって本当の論点は壁ではなく、そもそも登録するかです。\nこれは取引先次第の本当のトレードオフです。取引先が仕入税額控除に適格請求書を必要とする事業者なら、未登録は失注や税の自己負担につながり、未登録事業者からの仕入れに対する買い手側の経過措置は2026年10月に80%→50%へ下がります。取引先が消費者や免税なら、登録は利点なくコストだけ増えることも。課税事業者は簡易課税や時限の2割特例で負担を和らげられますが、いずれも日付に敏感で見直し中です。自分の課税年を国税庁または税理士で確認しましょう。\n登録しなければ1,000万円以下は免税\n登録の要否は売上でなく取引先次第\n簡易課税・2割特例は負担軽減だが日付に注意\n報酬の受け取り・年金の不足・法人化の判断\nあと2つの仕組みで全体像が完成します。報酬の受け取り：明確な請求書（登録者はT番号入り）を出し、個人への一定の報酬——原稿・デザイン・講演——は源泉で約10.21%引かれて着金することを見込みます。これは所得税の前払いなので、申告で精算しないと実質二重払いです。年金の不足を埋める：自営は公的年金が薄いため、控除できる制度——小規模企業共済（年最大84万円）、iDeCoと国民年金基金（合算で年最大81.6万円）、安い付加年金——で、課税所得を下げつつ自分の備えを作ります。\n最後に法人化の判断です。魔法の数字はありません。利益が高く安定し、法人税のメリットが増える固定費と社会保険の義務を上回る時、そして多くは税以外の理由——採用・資金調達・法人としか取引しない相手——も重なった時が目安です。法人化するなら、合同会社（GK）は株式会社（KK）より安く簡単で、後で組織変更もできます。決める前に税理士と自分の事案を試算しましょう。\n源泉税は前払い。申告で精算する\n控除できる制度を重ね自営の備えを作る\n安定した高利益＋税以外の理由で法人化。まずは合同会社","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/courses/going-freelance-japan","relationships":{"personas":["persona:expat","persona:thirties","persona:fresh-grad"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"roadmap:moving-to-japan:ja","entityId":"roadmap:moving-to-japan","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本への移住：渡航前から1年目まで","plainText":"特定の自治体・在留資格を前提とせず、順序立てて生活基盤を整える新規居住者。\n書類と決済の橋渡しを準備\n原本と安全な写しを用意し、一時的な決済手段を確保し、日本の住所・電話番号が必要になる口座を一覧化する。\n住所を届け出る\n在留カードを所管の自治体窓口へ持参し、後続手続きに必要なら住民票を取得する。\n健康保険・年金の加入を確認\n勤務先の被用者制度への加入を確認し、対象外なら自治体で国民健康保険、日本年金機構で年金手続きを確認する。\n公共料金・通信を開通\nメーター値と契約名義を記録し、口座振替開始前にも使える支払方法を選ぶ。\n決済用口座を開く\n本人確認、在留期間、言語、現金、送金、給与口座の要件を比較し、全行が同じ書類を受理すると考えない。\n給与・請求・送金経路を設定\n少額で試し、表示手数料だけでなく受取円額を比較し、領収書・資金源資料を保管する。\n給与・税・保険・年金記録を点検\n給与明細と入金を照合し、源泉徴収・年金記録を保管する。年末調整で申告義務が完了するか確認する。\nNISA・証券口座の適格性を確認\nNISAは商品推奨ではなく口座制度として扱う。入金前に日本居住要件、事業者審査、出国時対応、費用、国際報告を確認する。\n前年所得に対する住民税に備える\n住民税は原則として前年所得と1月1日の自治体を基準とする。課税通知を前年記録と照合し、給与天引きまたは納付書を確認する。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/roadmaps/moving-to-japan","relationships":{"guides":["/insurance","/banking/opening-a-bank-account-in-japan","/remittance","/tax/do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","/investing/what-is-nisa","/tax/japan-tax-residency-explained"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"roadmap:changing-jobs:ja","entityId":"roadmap:changing-jobs","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本での転職","plainText":"空白期間を含め、勤務先を移る被用者。\n退職書類と最終給与を確認\n最終給与、未消化休暇、住民税、源泉徴収票の処理時期を確認し、勤務先アカウント外に写しを保管する。\n健康保険・年金の空白を防ぐ\n旧資格終了日と新資格開始日を確認する。空白があれば期限前に任意継続・自治体／国民制度の該当手続きを比較する。\n給与・税書類を引き継ぐ\n新勤務先指定の書類を提出し、口座、控除、住民税徴収、年末調整を確認する。\n勤務先連携の銀行・カード・証券情報を更新\n給与振込先と必要な勤務先情報を変更し、返金・最終引落し完了まで旧給与口座を閉じない。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/roadmaps/changing-jobs","relationships":{"guides":["/insurance","/tax/do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"roadmap:leaving-japan:ja","entityId":"roadmap:leaving-japan","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本を離れる","plainText":"一時的または恒久的な出国の金銭手続きを計画する居住者。\n契約・義務を棚卸しし連絡先を決める\n税、住民登録、住居、公共料金、保険、年金、銀行、カード、証券、定期契約、送金、記録を一覧化し、解約・維持条件を記す。\n国税・住民税の管理を整える\n最終申告・納付、1月1日の住民税、残納期、給与徴収、納税管理人の要否を確認する。\n転出届と地域保険の終了手続き\n国外転出を届け、マイナンバーカード、国民健康保険、地方税、世帯記録の扱いを確認する。\n住居・公共料金・通信・定期支払を終了\n点検・検針を予約し、返金先住所・口座を伝え、状態を撮影し、最終明細を保管する。\n銀行・カード・NISA・証券の書面手順を取得\n各事業者へ出国事実を伝え、積立を止め、明細・取得価額を保存し、非居住者制限、移管、売却、解約手続きに従う。\n請求選択前に年金記録を保全\n基礎年金番号・記録を取得し、将来受給、社会保障協定の可能性、脱退一時金の適格性を申請前に確認する。\n安全に資金を移し出国記録を保管\n最終送金前に受取口座を試し、最終引落し・返金に必要な円を残し、終了証拠を恒久保存する。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/roadmaps/leaving-japan","relationships":{"guides":["/tax/japan-tax-residency-explained","/investing/what-is-nisa","/tax","/remittance/cheapest-way-to-send-money"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"roadmap:freelancer:ja","entityId":"roadmap:freelancer","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスになる","plainText":"給与所得から個人事業へ移る居住者。\n許可・届出・帳簿・社会保険を確認\n就労可否を確認し、標準フリーランスガイドで開業、青色申告、インボイス、記帳、税積立、保険、年金を判断する。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/roadmaps/freelancer","relationships":{"guides":["/freelancers/becoming-a-sole-proprietor"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"roadmap:start-investing:ja","entityId":"roadmap:start-investing","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"投資を始める","plainText":"短期家計を安定させた後に税制優遇投資を検討する居住者。\n口座・証券会社選択前に適格性を確認\nNISA・iDeCoの目的、引出し、費用、商品、サービス、出国対応、税務報告を比較し、損失リスクを理解してから投資する。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/roadmaps/start-investing","relationships":{"guides":["/investing/what-is-nisa"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"roadmap:buying-a-home:ja","entityId":"roadmap:buying-a-home","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅を買う","plainText":"初回購入と資金調達を検討する居住者。\n総費用を試算し独立資料を確認\n契約前に賃貸と購入、融資適格性、税、保険、修繕、売却、解除条件を比較する。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/roadmaps/buying-a-home","relationships":{"guides":["/loans/rent-vs-buy-japan"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"tool:education-costs:ja","entityId":"tool:education-costs","entityType":"tool","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"教育費プランナー","plainText":"費用上昇率と準備割合を変更して教育費を試算します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tools/education-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:family"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"tool:mortgage-payment:ja","entityId":"tool:mortgage-payment","entityType":"tool","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン返済計算","plainText":"前提・除外項目を明示して元利返済額を試算します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tools/mortgage-payment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"tool:rent-vs-buy:ja","entityId":"tool:rent-vs-buy","entityType":"tool","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"賃貸か購入か計算","plainText":"物件値上がりを仮定せずシナリオ費用を比較します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tools/rent-vs-buy","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"tool:freelancer-tax-reserve:ja","entityId":"tool:freelancer-tax-reserve","entityType":"tool","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランス税金積立プランナー","plainText":"月次売上と経費から自分で積立率を設定。税額の試算ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tools/freelancer-tax-reserve","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"tool:money-plan:ja","entityId":"tool:money-plan","entityType":"tool","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マネープラン","plainText":"いくつかの範囲を入力し、非公開の1・5・10年ロードマップ（収支・緊急資金・配分・試算）を作成。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/plan","relationships":{"clusters":[]},"sources":[]},{"id":"tool:compound-interest:ja","entityId":"tool:compound-interest","entityType":"tool","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"複利ラボ","plainText":"積立・時間・手数料・インフレが仮想の資産にどう効くかを可視化し、その背景も学べます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tools/compound-interest","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"tool:nisa-starter:ja","entityId":"tool:nisa-starter","entityType":"tool","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAスタータープランナー","plainText":"準備状況を確認し、複数期間の試算と、証券会社に持参する書類・質問を用意します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tools/nisa","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[]},{"id":"tool:budget-planner:ja","entityId":"tool:budget-planner","entityType":"tool","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"家計プランナー","plainText":"日本向けの月次予算を作成。必需/裁量、貯蓄率、緊急資金の目標を表示します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tools/budget","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:start"]},"sources":[]}],"corpus":[{"id":"cluster:banking:en","entityId":"cluster:banking","entityType":"cluster","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Banking","plainText":"Open the right account, understand fees, and fix common problems.\nA Japanese bank account is the anchor of daily money life: salary deposits, rent and utility auto-payments (口座振替), and the account you link to cards, brokerages, and remittance apps. Most residents can open an account once they have a residence card and, often, a My Number and a Japanese phone number and address.\nLegacy megabanks (MUFG, SMBC, Mizuho) offer branches and broad recognition, while online banks (Rakuten Bank, Sony Bank, SBI) usually offer better apps, lower fees, and stronger integration with points and investing. A few banks — notably SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA and Sony Bank — are known for English support and foreign-currency features.\nThe practical questions are almost always the same: which documents you need, whether the app and support work in English, what ATM and transfer fees apply, and how to handle name formatting (katakana), address changes, and residence-card updates. Those are the things this section helps you research before you apply.\nA residence card is the core ID; some banks also ask for My Number, a Japanese phone number, and a few months of residency.\nOnline banks usually beat megabanks on fees and app quality; megabanks help when you need branches or corporate dealings.\nFor English support and foreign currency, SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA and Sony Bank are the names people research first.\nATM and transfer fees vary widely; many online banks waive a set number of fees per month based on your account tier.\nYour bank name is usually registered in katakana — keep it consistent across cards, utilities, and your employer.\nUpdate your registered address and residence status when they change to avoid a frozen or restricted account.\nNever share one-time passwords or app approval codes; banks will not ask for them by phone or email.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banking","relationships":{"guides":["guide:opening-a-bank-account-in-japan","guide:best-banks-for-foreigners-japan"],"faqs":["faq:bank-documents","faq:bank-english","faq:bank-online-vs-mega","faq:bank-frozen","faq:bank-no-job"],"products":["product:sony-bank","product:smbc-prestia","product:rakuten-bank","product:shinsei-bank","product:japan-post-bank"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japanese Bankers Association (JBA)","url":"https://www.zenginkyo.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true}],"type":"cluster","cluster":"","text":"Open the right account, understand fees, and fix common problems.\nA Japanese bank account is the anchor of daily money life: salary deposits, rent and utility auto-payments (口座振替), and the account you link to cards, brokerages, and remittance apps. Most residents can open an account once they have a residence card and, often, a My Number and a Japanese phone number and address.\nLegacy megabanks (MUFG, SMBC, Mizuho) offer branches and broad recognition, while online banks (Rakuten Bank, Sony Bank, SBI) usually offer better apps, lower fees, and stronger integration with points and investing. A few banks — notably SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA and Sony Bank — are known for English support and foreign-currency features.\nThe practical questions are almost always the same: which documents you need, whether the app and support work in English, what ATM and transfer fees apply, and how to handle name formatting (katakana), address changes, and residence-card updates. Those are the things this section helps you research before you apply.\nA residence card is the core ID; some banks also ask for My Number, a Japanese phone number, and a few months of residency.\nOnline banks usually beat megabanks on fees and app quality; megabanks help when you need branches or corporate dealings.\nFor English support and foreign currency, SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA and Sony Bank are the names people research first.\nATM and transfer fees vary widely; many online banks waive a set number of fees per month based on your account tier.\nYour bank name is usually registered in katakana — keep it consistent across cards, utilities, and your employer.\nUpdate your registered address and residence status when they change to avoid a frozen or restricted account.\nNever share one-time passwords or app approval codes; banks will not ask for them by phone or email.","url":"/en/banking"},{"id":"cluster:credit-cards:en","entityId":"cluster:credit-cards","entityType":"cluster","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Credit cards","plainText":"Get approved, avoid revolving-debt traps, and earn points that fit your life.\nA credit card in Japan is useful for online shopping, recurring bills, travel, and building a domestic payment history. Approval depends on stable income and residency more than on a foreign credit score, which does not transfer. Many residents start with an issuer tied to a shopping ecosystem — for example Rakuten Card or Epos — because approval is often accessible and points are easy to use.\nThe biggest trap is リボ払い (revolving payment), which spreads balances over time at high effective interest and is sometimes enabled by default or nudged during sign-up. Choosing 一括払い (pay-in-full) each month avoids interest entirely. Annual fees, point ecosystems, and English support are the other decisions worth researching.\nIf you are rejected, it is usually about employment length, income documentation, or too many recent applications — not nationality. Waiting, applying to a more accessible issuer, or building history with one card first are common next steps.\nForeign credit scores do not transfer; Japanese approval looks at income stability and residency.\nPay 一括払い (in full) to avoid interest; treat リボ払い (revolving) as something to switch off, not a feature.\nEcosystem cards (Rakuten, Epos, and similar) are common first cards for accessible approval and easy points.\nMatch the point ecosystem to where you actually spend — one strong ecosystem usually beats several weak ones.\nAnnual-fee cards can pay off through travel insurance, lounge access, or higher rewards — only if you use the benefits.\nA rejection is usually about employment length or too many recent applications, not nationality.\nリボ払い (revolving) and repeated cash advances carry high effective interest; read the payment setting before you sign up.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/credit-cards","relationships":{"guides":["guide:getting-a-credit-card-in-japan","guide:avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai"],"faqs":["faq:card-foreigner-approval","faq:card-rejected","faq:card-riborai","faq:card-first-card","faq:card-annual-fee"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card","product:amex-jp"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JICC","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"cluster","cluster":"","text":"Get approved, avoid revolving-debt traps, and earn points that fit your life.\nA credit card in Japan is useful for online shopping, recurring bills, travel, and building a domestic payment history. Approval depends on stable income and residency more than on a foreign credit score, which does not transfer. Many residents start with an issuer tied to a shopping ecosystem — for example Rakuten Card or Epos — because approval is often accessible and points are easy to use.\nThe biggest trap is リボ払い (revolving payment), which spreads balances over time at high effective interest and is sometimes enabled by default or nudged during sign-up. Choosing 一括払い (pay-in-full) each month avoids interest entirely. Annual fees, point ecosystems, and English support are the other decisions worth researching.\nIf you are rejected, it is usually about employment length, income documentation, or too many recent applications — not nationality. Waiting, applying to a more accessible issuer, or building history with one card first are common next steps.\nForeign credit scores do not transfer; Japanese approval looks at income stability and residency.\nPay 一括払い (in full) to avoid interest; treat リボ払い (revolving) as something to switch off, not a feature.\nEcosystem cards (Rakuten, Epos, and similar) are common first cards for accessible approval and easy points.\nMatch the point ecosystem to where you actually spend — one strong ecosystem usually beats several weak ones.\nAnnual-fee cards can pay off through travel insurance, lounge access, or higher rewards — only if you use the benefits.\nA rejection is usually about employment length or too many recent applications, not nationality.\nリボ払い (revolving) and repeated cash advances carry high effective interest; read the payment setting before you sign up.","url":"/en/credit-cards"},{"id":"cluster:investing:en","entityId":"cluster:investing","entityType":"cluster","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA & investing","plainText":"Understand NISA and iDeCo, pick a brokerage, and learn risk before you buy.\nFor most residents, tax-advantaged accounts come first. NISA is a tax-free investment account: since the 2024 renewal it has an annual limit of ¥3.6M (¥1.2M tsumitate + ¥2.4M growth), a ¥18M lifetime limit, and no time limit on the tax exemption. iDeCo is a private defined-contribution pension: contributions reduce taxable income now, but the money is locked until age 60.\nYou open these at a securities company (brokerage). Rakuten Securities and SBI Securities dominate for low-cost index funds, English-adjacent resources, and point integration; Monex is another common choice. Inside the account, most beginners research broad, low-fee index funds (for example all-country or S&P 500 trackers) rather than individual stocks.\nTwo cross-border cautions matter. US citizens and green-card holders face PFIC reporting problems with Japanese funds and should get specialist advice. And NISA is a residents’ benefit — leaving Japan generally means you must close or stop contributing, so plan the exit before you build a large balance.\nNew NISA (2024): ¥3.6M/year total, ¥18M lifetime, tax-free gains with no expiry — usually the first account to fund.\niDeCo cuts your taxable income now but locks funds until 60; contribution limits depend on your pension category.\nRakuten Securities and SBI Securities are the default low-cost brokerages; Monex is a common alternative.\nMost beginners research broad index funds (all-country / S&P 500) over individual stock picking.\nUS persons: Japanese mutual funds can be PFICs with heavy US reporting — get cross-border tax advice first.\nNISA is for residents — plan what happens to the account before you leave Japan.\nThis is education, not a recommendation to buy any security. Returns are not guaranteed and you can lose money.\nUS citizens and green-card holders should get specialist advice before opening NISA or buying Japanese funds.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing","relationships":{"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:saving-vs-investing","guide:investment-risk-explained","guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:compound-growth","guide:lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:currency-risk-yen","guide:currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:nisa-dividends","guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse","guide:nisa-old-vs-current","guide:nisa-when-not-first","guide:nisa-common-mistakes","guide:brokerage-failure-protection","guide:investor-deposit-protection","guide:check-broker-license-and-scams","guide:investment-products-japan","guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks","guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:high-dividend-investing","guide:reits-japan","guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:japanese-government-bonds","guide:credit-card-investing","guide:robo-advisors-japan","guide:global-equity-funds","guide:us-equity-funds","guide:all-country-vs-sp500","guide:japan-equity-funds","guide:bond-funds","guide:balanced-funds","guide:esg-investing","guide:target-date-funds","guide:investing-for-beginners","guide:small-monthly-budget-investing","guide:investing-for-retirement","guide:high-income-investing","guide:global-investors-japan","guide:advised-investing-japan","guide:temporary-residents-investing","guide:specified-vs-general-accounts","guide:nisa-vs-taxable-account","guide:capital-gains-and-losses","guide:taxes-on-dividends","guide:foreign-investment-income-tax","guide:investment-records-and-statements","guide:cash-deposits-vs-bonds","guide:corporate-pensions-japan","guide:how-stock-and-fund-orders-work","guide:portfolio-rebalancing","guide:portfolio-maintenance","guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:brokerage-name-matching","guide:moving-abroad-with-investments","guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","guide:pfic-japanese-funds","guide:fbar-form-8938","guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokerage-fees-compared","guide:brokerage-account-requirements","guide:online-vs-full-service-brokers","guide:brokers-for-beginners","guide:brokers-english-support","guide:brokers-for-foreign-residents","guide:points-investing","guide:is-credit-card-investing-worth-it","guide:brokers-for-nisa","guide:brokers-for-mutual-funds","guide:brokers-for-us-stocks","guide:brokers-for-japanese-stocks","guide:brokers-for-small-investments","guide:brokers-for-active-traders","guide:sbi-vs-rakuten","guide:sbi-vs-monex","guide:rakuten-vs-monex","guide:ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers","guide:online-vs-major-traditional-brokers","guide:nisa-open-account","guide:nisa-choose-broker","guide:nisa-change-broker","guide:recurring-investment-allowance","guide:growth-investment-allowance","guide:nisa-for-foreign-residents","guide:nisa-for-dual-citizens","guide:investing-in-japan-complete-guide","guide:investing-methodology","guide:investing-data-updates"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan","faq:nisa-us-citizen","faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"type":"cluster","cluster":"","text":"Understand NISA and iDeCo, pick a brokerage, and learn risk before you buy.\nFor most residents, tax-advantaged accounts come first. NISA is a tax-free investment account: since the 2024 renewal it has an annual limit of ¥3.6M (¥1.2M tsumitate + ¥2.4M growth), a ¥18M lifetime limit, and no time limit on the tax exemption. iDeCo is a private defined-contribution pension: contributions reduce taxable income now, but the money is locked until age 60.\nYou open these at a securities company (brokerage). Rakuten Securities and SBI Securities dominate for low-cost index funds, English-adjacent resources, and point integration; Monex is another common choice. Inside the account, most beginners research broad, low-fee index funds (for example all-country or S&P 500 trackers) rather than individual stocks.\nTwo cross-border cautions matter. US citizens and green-card holders face PFIC reporting problems with Japanese funds and should get specialist advice. And NISA is a residents’ benefit — leaving Japan generally means you must close or stop contributing, so plan the exit before you build a large balance.\nNew NISA (2024): ¥3.6M/year total, ¥18M lifetime, tax-free gains with no expiry — usually the first account to fund.\niDeCo cuts your taxable income now but locks funds until 60; contribution limits depend on your pension category.\nRakuten Securities and SBI Securities are the default low-cost brokerages; Monex is a common alternative.\nMost beginners research broad index funds (all-country / S&P 500) over individual stock picking.\nUS persons: Japanese mutual funds can be PFICs with heavy US reporting — get cross-border tax advice first.\nNISA is for residents — plan what happens to the account before you leave Japan.\nThis is education, not a recommendation to buy any security. Returns are not guaranteed and you can lose money.\nUS citizens and green-card holders should get specialist advice before opening NISA or buying Japanese funds.","url":"/en/investing"},{"id":"cluster:tax:en","entityId":"cluster:tax","entityType":"cluster","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Tax","plainText":"Residency, income tax, resident tax, deductions, and cross-border filing.\nJapan taxes you based on your residency status: non-resident, non-permanent resident, or permanent resident for tax purposes (distinct from immigration status). This determines whether only Japan-source income or worldwide income is taxable. Most employees have income tax withheld and settled through year-end adjustment (年末調整), so they never file a return — but side income, two employers, large medical expenses, or investment income can require a tax return (確定申告).\nTwo taxes run in parallel: national income tax (progressive) and local resident tax (住民税, roughly 10%), which is billed the year after the income is earned. New arrivals often get a surprise resident-tax bill in their second year, and people leaving Japan can owe resident tax after they depart.\nPopular tools reduce tax: Furusato Nozei (ふるさと納税) turns part of your resident tax into local-government gifts, and deductions exist for medical costs, dependents, insurance, and iDeCo. Filing is done through e-Tax or at the tax office in the Feb 16 – Mar 15 window. For crypto, foreign assets, or US/Japan overlap, professional advice is worthwhile.\nYour tax residency category (non-resident / non-permanent / permanent) decides what income Japan can tax.\nMost employees are settled by year-end adjustment; side income or investment gains can trigger a 確定申告 return.\nResident tax (~10%) is billed the year after you earn — budget for a second-year bill and an exit bill.\nFurusato Nozei lets you redirect part of your resident tax to local governments for gifts, minus a ¥2,000 cost.\nFiling season is Feb 16 – Mar 15 via e-Tax or the tax office; deductions need documentation.\nCrypto is taxed as miscellaneous income at your marginal rate, not the flat rate used for stocks.\nTax situations differ; this is general education. For cross-border, crypto, or business tax, consult a licensed 税理士 (tax accountant).","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax","relationships":{"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan","guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule","guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund","guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","guide:japan-tax-return-deadlines","guide:japan-tax-calendar","guide:how-to-use-e-tax","guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan","guide:how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan","guide:mistake-on-your-tax-return","guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan","guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes","guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices","guide:japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","guide:national-vs-municipal-tax-problems","guide:employee-taxes-in-japan","guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","guide:year-end-adjustment-guide","guide:taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job","guide:taxes-on-employee-side-income","guide:remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan","guide:severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","guide:why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes","guide:japan-basic-deduction","guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","guide:dependent-deduction-in-japan","guide:medical-expense-deduction","guide:self-medication-tax-deduction","guide:mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan","guide:insurance-and-pension-premium-deductions","guide:ideco-tax-deduction","guide:small-business-mutual-aid-tax-deduction","guide:furusato-nozei-explained","guide:furusato-nozei-one-stop-vs-tax-return","guide:freelancer-taxes-in-japan","guide:individual-enterprise-tax","guide:home-office-expenses","guide:equipment-and-depreciation","guide:paying-family-members-from-a-business","guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","guide:japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold","guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax","guide:the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","guide:consumption-tax-for-landlords-and-property-owners","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan","guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","guide:how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses","guide:how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance","guide:taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages","guide:pension-income-tax","guide:retirement-income-tax","guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing","guide:property-taxes-in-japan","guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:deductible-rental-property-expenses","guide:rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements","guide:rental-property-depreciation","guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","guide:fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes","guide:mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit","guide:nonresident-landlord-taxes","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained","guide:worldwide-vs-japan-source-income","guide:foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","guide:double-tax-treaties-explained","guide:moving-to-japan-tax-checklist","guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","guide:tax-representative-guide","guide:japan-exit-tax-guide","guide:pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax","guide:taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan","guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion","guide:fbar-for-americans-in-japan","guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","guide:nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk","guide:gift-tax-in-japan","guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan","guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","guide:inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents","guide:automobile-taxes-in-japan","guide:stamp-tax-in-japan","guide:international-tourist-tax-and-departure-charges","guide:when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant","guide:types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status","faq:tax-need-to-file","faq:tax-resident-tax-timing","faq:tax-furusato","faq:tax-crypto","faq:tax-200000-rule","faq:tax-deduction-vs-credit","faq:tax-medical-deduction","faq:tax-yea-vs-return","faq:tax-late-filing","faq:tax-consumption-threshold","faq:tax-invoice-register","faq:tax-stock-losses","faq:tax-us-citizen","faq:tax-leaving-japan"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.e-tax.nta.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1155.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2260.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1300.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1410.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1199.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1120.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Shinjuku City","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/users/gensen/nencho/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2024.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1240.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/kokugai-zaisan.pdf","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/zoyo/4402.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/sozoku/4152.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/us-citizens-and-resident-aliens-abroad","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Finance Japan","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/tax_policy/summary/international/tax_convention/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Bengo4.com / 税理士ドットコム","url":"https://www.zeiri4.com/","official":false}],"type":"cluster","cluster":"","text":"Residency, income tax, resident tax, deductions, and cross-border filing.\nJapan taxes you based on your residency status: non-resident, non-permanent resident, or permanent resident for tax purposes (distinct from immigration status). This determines whether only Japan-source income or worldwide income is taxable. Most employees have income tax withheld and settled through year-end adjustment (年末調整), so they never file a return — but side income, two employers, large medical expenses, or investment income can require a tax return (確定申告).\nTwo taxes run in parallel: national income tax (progressive) and local resident tax (住民税, roughly 10%), which is billed the year after the income is earned. New arrivals often get a surprise resident-tax bill in their second year, and people leaving Japan can owe resident tax after they depart.\nPopular tools reduce tax: Furusato Nozei (ふるさと納税) turns part of your resident tax into local-government gifts, and deductions exist for medical costs, dependents, insurance, and iDeCo. Filing is done through e-Tax or at the tax office in the Feb 16 – Mar 15 window. For crypto, foreign assets, or US/Japan overlap, professional advice is worthwhile.\nYour tax residency category (non-resident / non-permanent / permanent) decides what income Japan can tax.\nMost employees are settled by year-end adjustment; side income or investment gains can trigger a 確定申告 return.\nResident tax (~10%) is billed the year after you earn — budget for a second-year bill and an exit bill.\nFurusato Nozei lets you redirect part of your resident tax to local governments for gifts, minus a ¥2,000 cost.\nFiling season is Feb 16 – Mar 15 via e-Tax or the tax office; deductions need documentation.\nCrypto is taxed as miscellaneous income at your marginal rate, not the flat rate used for stocks.\nTax situations differ; this is general education. For cross-border, crypto, or business tax, consult a licensed 税理士 (tax accountant).","url":"/en/tax"},{"id":"cluster:freelancers:en","entityId":"cluster:freelancers","entityType":"cluster","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Freelance & business","plainText":"Sole-proprietor setup, blue returns, the invoice system, and bookkeeping.\nGoing independent in Japan usually means registering as a sole proprietor (個人事業主) by filing a notification of business opening (開業届) with your tax office — free and mostly a formality. Filing the blue-return application (青色申告承認申請) at the same time unlocks a deduction of up to ¥650,000 and loss carry-forward, in exchange for proper double-entry bookkeeping.\nBookkeeping is where cloud software earns its keep. freee and Money Forward Cloud connect to your bank and cards, categorise transactions, and generate the blue-return forms and e-Tax data; Yayoi is a long-established alternative. Budget for taxes yourself: income tax, resident tax, national health insurance, and national pension all come from your own cash flow, so many freelancers reserve 20–35% of profit.\nThe Qualified Invoice System (インボイス制度, from October 2023) changed things for small businesses. If your clients need to claim consumption-tax credits, they may ask you to register for a T-number, which turns you into a taxable business for consumption tax. Whether to register is a real trade-off — this section helps you frame it before deciding.\nRegister as a sole proprietor with a 開業届; file the 青色申告 application at the same time to unlock the deduction.\nThe blue return can deduct up to ¥650,000 but requires double-entry bookkeeping and e-filing.\nfreee and Money Forward Cloud automate bookkeeping and blue-return forms; Yayoi is the veteran alternative.\nYou pay your own income tax, resident tax, pension, and health insurance — many reserve 20–35% of profit.\nThe invoice system (T-number) affects whether clients can claim consumption-tax credits on your invoices.\nRegistering for the invoice system makes you a consumption-tax payer — weigh it against your client base.\nDeadlines and the invoice-system rules matter; a 税理士 (tax accountant) is worthwhile once revenue or clients grow.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers","relationships":{"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan","guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","guide:consumption-tax-freelancers-japan","guide:invoice-system-explained","guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","guide:pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan","guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","guide:side-business-tax-japan","guide:getting-paid-invoicing-japan","guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan","guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","guide:types-of-company-japan","guide:hiring-family-outsourcing-japan","guide:subsidies-grants-small-business-japan","guide:business-visa-japan"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-open","faq:freelance-what-taxes","faq:freelance-blue-return","faq:freelance-consumption-tax-when","faq:freelance-invoice","faq:freelance-reserve","faq:freelance-withholding","faq:freelance-which-software","faq:freelance-health-insurance","faq:freelance-retirement-toolkit","faq:freelance-side-business","faq:freelance-incorporate-when","faq:freelance-kk-vs-gk","faq:freelance-family-salary","faq:freelance-subsidies","faq:freelance-visa"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi","product:makeleaps","product:misoca","product:board","product:freenance","product:freee-kaisha-setup","product:mf-kaisha-setup","product:zeirishi-dot-com","product:square-japan","product:stripe-japan","product:gmo-aozora-business","product:wise-business"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Justice / Legal Affairs Bureau","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/houjintouki.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Organization for SME and Regional Innovation (SMRJ)","url":"https://www.smrj.go.jp/kyosai/skyosai/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/kokunen/hokenryo/hokenryo.html","official":true}],"type":"cluster","cluster":"","text":"Sole-proprietor setup, blue returns, the invoice system, and bookkeeping.\nGoing independent in Japan usually means registering as a sole proprietor (個人事業主) by filing a notification of business opening (開業届) with your tax office — free and mostly a formality. Filing the blue-return application (青色申告承認申請) at the same time unlocks a deduction of up to ¥650,000 and loss carry-forward, in exchange for proper double-entry bookkeeping.\nBookkeeping is where cloud software earns its keep. freee and Money Forward Cloud connect to your bank and cards, categorise transactions, and generate the blue-return forms and e-Tax data; Yayoi is a long-established alternative. Budget for taxes yourself: income tax, resident tax, national health insurance, and national pension all come from your own cash flow, so many freelancers reserve 20–35% of profit.\nThe Qualified Invoice System (インボイス制度, from October 2023) changed things for small businesses. If your clients need to claim consumption-tax credits, they may ask you to register for a T-number, which turns you into a taxable business for consumption tax. Whether to register is a real trade-off — this section helps you frame it before deciding.\nRegister as a sole proprietor with a 開業届; file the 青色申告 application at the same time to unlock the deduction.\nThe blue return can deduct up to ¥650,000 but requires double-entry bookkeeping and e-filing.\nfreee and Money Forward Cloud automate bookkeeping and blue-return forms; Yayoi is the veteran alternative.\nYou pay your own income tax, resident tax, pension, and health insurance — many reserve 20–35% of profit.\nThe invoice system (T-number) affects whether clients can claim consumption-tax credits on your invoices.\nRegistering for the invoice system makes you a consumption-tax payer — weigh it against your client base.\nDeadlines and the invoice-system rules matter; a 税理士 (tax accountant) is worthwhile once revenue or clients grow.","url":"/en/freelancers"},{"id":"cluster:insurance:en","entityId":"cluster:insurance","entityType":"cluster","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance","plainText":"What public insurance already covers, and when private cover is worth it.\nJapan’s public system is unusually strong, and understanding it prevents over-buying. Everyone enrolls in health insurance (employees’ 健康保険 or National Health Insurance), which caps most medical bills at around 30% — and the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit (高額療養費) further caps your monthly out-of-pocket based on income. Public pension also provides disability and survivor benefits, not just retirement.\nBecause public cover is broad, a lot of heavily marketed private insurance is optional. The honest questions are: what gap remains after public cover, how large is the loss you cannot self-fund, and does the premium justify it? Term life insurance for dependents, and liability cover (often bundled cheaply, including bicycle liability now mandatory in many prefectures) tend to be the clearest wins.\nProduct categories worth understanding include medical, cancer, life (term vs whole), income protection, fire and earthquake (earthquake is a separate rider on fire policies), auto, and travel. Every honest article here should also cover exclusions, disadvantages, alternatives, and the cases where extra insurance is simply not necessary.\nPublic health insurance caps most bills near 30%; 高額療養費 caps your monthly out-of-pocket by income.\nPublic pension includes disability and survivor benefits — factor those in before buying private cover.\nBuy insurance for losses you cannot self-fund (dependents, liability), not for small, budgetable costs.\nEarthquake cover is a separate rider on fire insurance and is often capped at a share of the building value.\nPersonal liability cover is cheap and increasingly relevant — many prefectures mandate bicycle liability insurance.\nAny honest comparison must state exclusions, alternatives, and when extra insurance is not needed.\nInsurance needs are personal. Compare public cover first, and treat every product against the loss it truly protects.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance","relationships":{"guides":["guide:how-insurance-works-japan","guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan","guide:how-to-read-a-policy-japan","guide:insurance-premiums-explained-japan","guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan","guide:insurance-riders-explained-japan","guide:underwriting-and-disclosure-japan","guide:term-renewable-whole-life-basics-japan","guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan","guide:how-insurance-claims-work-japan","guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","guide:reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan","guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan","guide:public-protection-map-japan","guide:health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit","guide:employees-vs-national-health-insurance-japan","guide:employee-social-insurance-benefits","guide:what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan","guide:pension-disability-survivor-benefits","guide:employment-insurance-and-workers-comp","guide:long-term-care-insurance-japan","guide:pension-for-foreign-residents-japan","guide:leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","guide:term-life-insurance-japan","guide:whole-life-insurance-japan","guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan","guide:private-medical-insurance-japan","guide:cancer-insurance-japan","guide:critical-illness-insurance-japan","guide:relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","guide:income-protection-japan","guide:savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan","guide:auto-insurance-japan","guide:car-insurance-coverage-builder-japan","guide:bicycle-insurance-japan","guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan","guide:home-earthquake-insurance-japan","guide:fire-insurance-japan","guide:earthquake-insurance-japan","guide:renter-insurance-japan","guide:travel-insurance-japan","guide:credit-card-travel-insurance-japan","guide:pet-insurance-japan","guide:device-insurance-japan","guide:freelancer-insurance-japan","guide:small-business-insurance-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan","guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan","guide:fire-vs-earthquake-japan","guide:travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan","guide:savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","guide:direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan","guide:mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan","guide:pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan","guide:insurance-single-employee-20s-japan","guide:insurance-family-with-children-japan","guide:insurance-homeowners-japan","guide:insurance-renters-japan","guide:insurance-freelancers-japan","guide:insurance-retirees-japan","guide:insurance-foreign-residents-japan","guide:insurance-pet-owners-japan","guide:insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan","guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan","guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan","guide:insurance-complaints-adr-japan","guide:annual-insurance-review-japan"],"faqs":["faq:insurance-public-enough","faq:insurance-high-cost","faq:insurance-life-needed","faq:insurance-earthquake","faq:insurance-foreigner","faq:insurance-copay-share","faq:insurance-cancer-waiting","faq:insurance-term-vs-whole","faq:insurance-cali-enough","faq:insurance-bicycle-mandatory","faq:insurance-card-travel","faq:insurance-pet-preexisting","faq:insurance-cancel-timing","faq:insurance-cooling-off","faq:insurance-leave-japan"],"products":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/koyou/koyouhoken/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Finance","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/policy/financial_system/earthquake_insurance/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jidosha/anzen/04relief/jibai/insurance.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/hoken/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/about/soudan/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyo.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/hukushi_kaigo/kaigo_koureisha/index.html","official":true}],"type":"cluster","cluster":"","text":"What public insurance already covers, and when private cover is worth it.\nJapan’s public system is unusually strong, and understanding it prevents over-buying. Everyone enrolls in health insurance (employees’ 健康保険 or National Health Insurance), which caps most medical bills at around 30% — and the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit (高額療養費) further caps your monthly out-of-pocket based on income. Public pension also provides disability and survivor benefits, not just retirement.\nBecause public cover is broad, a lot of heavily marketed private insurance is optional. The honest questions are: what gap remains after public cover, how large is the loss you cannot self-fund, and does the premium justify it? Term life insurance for dependents, and liability cover (often bundled cheaply, including bicycle liability now mandatory in many prefectures) tend to be the clearest wins.\nProduct categories worth understanding include medical, cancer, life (term vs whole), income protection, fire and earthquake (earthquake is a separate rider on fire policies), auto, and travel. Every honest article here should also cover exclusions, disadvantages, alternatives, and the cases where extra insurance is simply not necessary.\nPublic health insurance caps most bills near 30%; 高額療養費 caps your monthly out-of-pocket by income.\nPublic pension includes disability and survivor benefits — factor those in before buying private cover.\nBuy insurance for losses you cannot self-fund (dependents, liability), not for small, budgetable costs.\nEarthquake cover is a separate rider on fire insurance and is often capped at a share of the building value.\nPersonal liability cover is cheap and increasingly relevant — many prefectures mandate bicycle liability insurance.\nAny honest comparison must state exclusions, alternatives, and when extra insurance is not needed.\nInsurance needs are personal. Compare public cover first, and treat every product against the loss it truly protects.","url":"/en/insurance"},{"id":"cluster:loans:en","entityId":"cluster:loans","entityType":"cluster","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Loans, mortgages & property","plainText":"Mortgage eligibility, fixed vs floating, closing costs, and rent-vs-buy.\nHome loans (住宅ローン) in Japan are relatively cheap by global standards, but eligibility is the hurdle for many foreign residents. Banks weigh stable employment, income, length of residence, and — critically — permanent residency. Without PR, some banks decline, others require a larger down payment or a guarantor; Flat 35 (via the Japan Housing Finance Agency) is a common route because it is more rules-based and does not always require PR.\nThe core choice is fixed vs floating (固定 vs 変動). Floating rates have been very low but can rise; fixed rates (including Flat 35) cost more now for certainty later. Beyond the rate, budget for closing costs (諸費用) of roughly 6–10% of the price — registration, agent fees, loan guarantee, taxes, and fire insurance — which are easy to underestimate.\nRent-vs-buy in Japan is not just financial. Many buildings, especially older wooden houses, depreciate rather than appreciate, and resale liquidity varies by location. This section frames eligibility, total cost, and the risks (interest-rate, resale, maintenance, and natural-disaster) rather than pushing you toward buying.\nPermanent residency strongly affects mortgage approval; without it, expect stricter terms or a larger down payment.\nFlat 35 (Japan Housing Finance Agency) is a common, rules-based fixed-rate route that does not always require PR.\nFixed vs floating is the core trade-off: certainty and higher cost now, versus lower cost and rate risk.\nBudget 6–10% of the price for closing costs (諸費用) on top of the down payment.\nMany Japanese properties depreciate; treat a home as shelter first and an investment second.\nCheck your credit records (CIC/JICC) before applying — recent delinquencies can block approval.\nA mortgage is a large, long commitment. Model rate increases and resale risk before you buy; get independent advice.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans","relationships":{"guides":["guide:buying-property-japan","guide:mortgages-japan","guide:borrowing-guide","guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:property-investment-japan","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:rent-vs-buy-japan-guide","guide:property-buying-checklist","guide:mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","guide:rent-vs-buy-japan"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","faq:loan-closing-costs","faq:loan-rent-vs-buy","faq:loan-credit-record","faq:loan-buy-foreigner","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-what-flat35","faq:loan-variable-risky"],"products":["product:flat-35"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT)","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_tk5_000085.html","official":true},{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"type":"cluster","cluster":"","text":"Mortgage eligibility, fixed vs floating, closing costs, and rent-vs-buy.\nHome loans (住宅ローン) in Japan are relatively cheap by global standards, but eligibility is the hurdle for many foreign residents. Banks weigh stable employment, income, length of residence, and — critically — permanent residency. Without PR, some banks decline, others require a larger down payment or a guarantor; Flat 35 (via the Japan Housing Finance Agency) is a common route because it is more rules-based and does not always require PR.\nThe core choice is fixed vs floating (固定 vs 変動). Floating rates have been very low but can rise; fixed rates (including Flat 35) cost more now for certainty later. Beyond the rate, budget for closing costs (諸費用) of roughly 6–10% of the price — registration, agent fees, loan guarantee, taxes, and fire insurance — which are easy to underestimate.\nRent-vs-buy in Japan is not just financial. Many buildings, especially older wooden houses, depreciate rather than appreciate, and resale liquidity varies by location. This section frames eligibility, total cost, and the risks (interest-rate, resale, maintenance, and natural-disaster) rather than pushing you toward buying.\nPermanent residency strongly affects mortgage approval; without it, expect stricter terms or a larger down payment.\nFlat 35 (Japan Housing Finance Agency) is a common, rules-based fixed-rate route that does not always require PR.\nFixed vs floating is the core trade-off: certainty and higher cost now, versus lower cost and rate risk.\nBudget 6–10% of the price for closing costs (諸費用) on top of the down payment.\nMany Japanese properties depreciate; treat a home as shelter first and an investment second.\nCheck your credit records (CIC/JICC) before applying — recent delinquencies can block approval.\nA mortgage is a large, long commitment. Model rate increases and resale risk before you buy; get independent advice.","url":"/en/loans"},{"id":"cluster:remittance:en","entityId":"cluster:remittance","entityType":"cluster","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"International money","plainText":"Send money in and out, cut hidden FX markups, and handle cross-border income.\nMoving money across borders is where fees hide. The visible transfer fee is often the smaller cost; the bigger one is the exchange-rate markup baked into the rate a provider gives you versus the mid-market rate. Traditional bank wires can also add SWIFT and intermediary-bank fees that are hard to see up front.\nSpecialist services usually beat banks for personal transfers. Wise shows the mid-market rate and a transparent fee, and Revolut offers multi-currency accounts with fee allowances. For larger or recurring transfers, comparing the all-in recipient amount — not the advertised fee — is the only reliable way to judge cost.\nCross-border also brings tax and reporting angles: overseas income can be taxable depending on your residency status, and Japan requires an Overseas Assets Report (国外財産調書) above a threshold. This section helps you compare true transfer cost and flag where cross-border tax advice is worth getting.\nThe exchange-rate markup usually costs more than the visible transfer fee — compare against the mid-market rate.\nJudge cost by the final recipient amount, not the advertised fee, especially for larger transfers.\nWise (mid-market rate) and Revolut (multi-currency) commonly beat bank wires for personal transfers.\nBank wires can add SWIFT and intermediary-bank charges that are not obvious up front.\nOverseas income may be taxable in Japan depending on your residency status — check before assuming it is not.\nJapan requires an Overseas Assets Report (国外財産調書) once foreign assets exceed the threshold.\nLarge or business transfers can trigger reporting and tax questions — confirm the rules before sending.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance","relationships":{"guides":["guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money","guide:receiving-money-from-abroad"],"faqs":["faq:remit-cheapest","faq:remit-hidden-fees","faq:remit-large-transfer","faq:remit-overseas-income","faq:remit-multicurrency"],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"cluster","cluster":"","text":"Send money in and out, cut hidden FX markups, and handle cross-border income.\nMoving money across borders is where fees hide. The visible transfer fee is often the smaller cost; the bigger one is the exchange-rate markup baked into the rate a provider gives you versus the mid-market rate. Traditional bank wires can also add SWIFT and intermediary-bank fees that are hard to see up front.\nSpecialist services usually beat banks for personal transfers. Wise shows the mid-market rate and a transparent fee, and Revolut offers multi-currency accounts with fee allowances. For larger or recurring transfers, comparing the all-in recipient amount — not the advertised fee — is the only reliable way to judge cost.\nCross-border also brings tax and reporting angles: overseas income can be taxable depending on your residency status, and Japan requires an Overseas Assets Report (国外財産調書) above a threshold. This section helps you compare true transfer cost and flag where cross-border tax advice is worth getting.\nThe exchange-rate markup usually costs more than the visible transfer fee — compare against the mid-market rate.\nJudge cost by the final recipient amount, not the advertised fee, especially for larger transfers.\nWise (mid-market rate) and Revolut (multi-currency) commonly beat bank wires for personal transfers.\nBank wires can add SWIFT and intermediary-bank charges that are not obvious up front.\nOverseas income may be taxable in Japan depending on your residency status — check before assuming it is not.\nJapan requires an Overseas Assets Report (国外財産調書) once foreign assets exceed the threshold.\nLarge or business transfers can trigger reporting and tax questions — confirm the rules before sending.","url":"/en/remittance"},{"id":"cluster:points:en","entityId":"cluster:points","entityType":"cluster","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Points & rewards","plainText":"Pick one ecosystem, understand point value, and avoid chasing noise.\nJapan runs on point ecosystems: Rakuten, PayPay, d POINT (docomo), V POINT (SMBC/Vpoint), and others tie together cards, e-money, shopping, and phone plans. The winning strategy is rarely to collect everything — it is to concentrate on the one ecosystem that matches where you already shop, pay phone bills, and bank.\nMost points are worth about ¥1 each, but value depends on redemption. Points that expire, or that only redeem inside one store, are worth less than they look. The convenience-store and code-payment layer (PayPay, Rakuten Pay) is where casual spending accumulates fastest, while airline miles reward a different, travel-heavy pattern.\nThe honest framing: points are a modest, tax-free discount on spending you would do anyway — not a reason to spend more. This section compares ecosystems by lifestyle fit, explains expiry and valuation, and helps you avoid the trap of chasing campaigns that cost more attention than they return.\nConcentrate on one ecosystem that matches your bank, card, and phone — not several weak ones.\nMost points ≈ ¥1, but expiry and store-only redemption quietly reduce real value.\nPayPay and Rakuten Pay capture everyday convenience-store and small-merchant spending fastest.\nAirline miles reward a travel-heavy pattern; they are not better for everyone.\nPoints are a discount on spending you would do anyway — never a reason to spend more.\nIgnore campaigns whose effort and tracking cost more than the reward is worth.\nRewards should never drive you to spend more or open products you do not need.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points","relationships":{"guides":["guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem","guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","guide:how-points-are-earned","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:avoid-overspend-points","guide:rakuten-points-guide","guide:paypay-points-guide","guide:d-point-club-guide","guide:ponta-points-guide","guide:v-points-guide","guide:waon-point-guide","guide:nanaco-points-guide","guide:jre-point-guide","guide:convenience-store-points","guide:supermarket-points","guide:electronics-store-points","guide:fuel-points-automobile","guide:restaurant-points-guide","guide:ecommerce-points-programs","guide:bank-brokerage-rewards","guide:rakuten-card","guide:smbc-numberless-card","guide:paypay-card","guide:d-card","guide:au-pay-card","guide:jcb-card-w","guide:epos-card","guide:view-card-standard","guide:bic-camera-suica-card","guide:aeon-card","guide:saison-gold-amex","guide:paypay-app-guide","guide:rakuten-pay-guide","guide:d-barai-guide","guide:au-pay-guide","guide:merpay-guide","guide:apple-google-pay-guide","guide:id-quicpay-guide","guide:emoney-payment-guide","guide:mobile-suica-guide","guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:ana-vs-jal","guide:hotel-travel-rewards","guide:points-deals-and-campaigns","guide:redeem-points-for-travel","guide:redeem-points-for-cash","guide:redeem-points-for-hotels","guide:redeem-points-for-investing","guide:credit-card-perks-japan","guide:airline-hotel-status-japan","guide:maximize-points-japan","guide:points-glossary","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:ecommerce-stacking","guide:compare-point-ecosystems","guide:best-programs-by-category","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category","guide:best-qr-payment-apps","guide:points-cashback-calculator","guide:annual-fee-calculator","guide:mile-value-calculator","guide:reward-stacking-checker","guide:foreign-resident-rewards","guide:train-commuter-rewards","guide:convenience-shopper-rewards","guide:family-rewards","guide:domestic-traveler-rewards","guide:rewards-glossary-sources-archive"],"faqs":["faq:points-which-ecosystem","faq:points-value","faq:points-expiry","faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten","faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback","faq:rewards-no-expiry","faq:rewards-limited-time","faq:rewards-stacking","faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent","faq:rewards-id-vs-touch","faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-beginner-program","faq:rewards-foreign-join","faq:rewards-foreign-first-card","faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","faq:rewards-mile-value","faq:rewards-paypay-points-step","faq:rewards-furusato-points","faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate","faq:rewards-sources"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/law/shitsugi/shotoku/02/37.htm","official":true}],"type":"cluster","cluster":"","text":"Pick one ecosystem, understand point value, and avoid chasing noise.\nJapan runs on point ecosystems: Rakuten, PayPay, d POINT (docomo), V POINT (SMBC/Vpoint), and others tie together cards, e-money, shopping, and phone plans. The winning strategy is rarely to collect everything — it is to concentrate on the one ecosystem that matches where you already shop, pay phone bills, and bank.\nMost points are worth about ¥1 each, but value depends on redemption. Points that expire, or that only redeem inside one store, are worth less than they look. The convenience-store and code-payment layer (PayPay, Rakuten Pay) is where casual spending accumulates fastest, while airline miles reward a different, travel-heavy pattern.\nThe honest framing: points are a modest, tax-free discount on spending you would do anyway — not a reason to spend more. This section compares ecosystems by lifestyle fit, explains expiry and valuation, and helps you avoid the trap of chasing campaigns that cost more attention than they return.\nConcentrate on one ecosystem that matches your bank, card, and phone — not several weak ones.\nMost points ≈ ¥1, but expiry and store-only redemption quietly reduce real value.\nPayPay and Rakuten Pay capture everyday convenience-store and small-merchant spending fastest.\nAirline miles reward a travel-heavy pattern; they are not better for everyone.\nPoints are a discount on spending you would do anyway — never a reason to spend more.\nIgnore campaigns whose effort and tracking cost more than the reward is worth.\nRewards should never drive you to spend more or open products you do not need.","url":"/en/points"},{"id":"cluster:crypto:en","entityId":"cluster:crypto","entityType":"cluster","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Crypto & FX","plainText":"Registered exchanges, heavy crypto tax, custody, and leverage risk.\nJapan regulates crypto tightly. Only exchanges registered with the FSA and members of the JVCEA may legally serve residents — bitFlyer, bitbank, Coincheck and similar. Registration is the first thing to check; using an unregistered offshore exchange removes your legal protections and complicates tax.\nTax is the decisive factor for most people. Crypto gains are taxed as miscellaneous income (雑所得) at your marginal rate — potentially up to around 55% including resident tax — not the roughly 20% flat rate that applies to listed stocks and NISA. Every disposal, including crypto-to-crypto trades and spending crypto, is a taxable event, so recordkeeping tools matter.\nFX (margin foreign-exchange trading) is separate and leverage-driven. Domestic retail FX leverage is capped (commonly 25x), and losses can exceed deposits. Both crypto and FX attract scams — guaranteed-return schemes, fake exchanges, and “recovery” fraud. This section stays educational: registration, tax, custody, records, and risk, with no price predictions or hype.\nUse only FSA-registered, JVCEA-member exchanges; unregistered offshore platforms remove your protections.\nCrypto gains are miscellaneous income taxed at your marginal rate — potentially far above the ~20% stock rate.\nEvery disposal is taxable, including crypto-to-crypto and spending crypto — keep detailed records.\nFX leverage for retail is capped (commonly 25x) and losses can exceed your deposit.\nGuaranteed-return offers, fake exchanges, and “recovery” services are scams — no exceptions.\nThis is not investment advice and contains no price predictions.\nHigh tax and high volatility make crypto and FX unsuitable for money you cannot afford to lose. Beware scams.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/crypto","relationships":{"guides":["guide:crypto-tax-in-japan","guide:choosing-a-registered-exchange"],"faqs":["faq:crypto-registered","faq:crypto-tax","faq:crypto-record","faq:crypto-fx-leverage"],"products":["product:bitflyer","product:bitbank"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JVCEA","url":"https://jvcea.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"type":"cluster","cluster":"","text":"Registered exchanges, heavy crypto tax, custody, and leverage risk.\nJapan regulates crypto tightly. Only exchanges registered with the FSA and members of the JVCEA may legally serve residents — bitFlyer, bitbank, Coincheck and similar. Registration is the first thing to check; using an unregistered offshore exchange removes your legal protections and complicates tax.\nTax is the decisive factor for most people. Crypto gains are taxed as miscellaneous income (雑所得) at your marginal rate — potentially up to around 55% including resident tax — not the roughly 20% flat rate that applies to listed stocks and NISA. Every disposal, including crypto-to-crypto trades and spending crypto, is a taxable event, so recordkeeping tools matter.\nFX (margin foreign-exchange trading) is separate and leverage-driven. Domestic retail FX leverage is capped (commonly 25x), and losses can exceed deposits. Both crypto and FX attract scams — guaranteed-return schemes, fake exchanges, and “recovery” fraud. This section stays educational: registration, tax, custody, records, and risk, with no price predictions or hype.\nUse only FSA-registered, JVCEA-member exchanges; unregistered offshore platforms remove your protections.\nCrypto gains are miscellaneous income taxed at your marginal rate — potentially far above the ~20% stock rate.\nEvery disposal is taxable, including crypto-to-crypto and spending crypto — keep detailed records.\nFX leverage for retail is capped (commonly 25x) and losses can exceed your deposit.\nGuaranteed-return offers, fake exchanges, and “recovery” services are scams — no exceptions.\nThis is not investment advice and contains no price predictions.\nHigh tax and high volatility make crypto and FX unsuitable for money you cannot afford to lose. Beware scams.","url":"/en/crypto"},{"id":"guide:public-protection-map-japan:en","entityId":"guide:public-protection-map-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan’s public protection: start here","plainText":"Identify your public health plan, pension record, employment-insurance status, and workers’ compensation before pricing any private policy.\nA map of health, pension, unemployment, work-injury, and employer-based protection.\nHealth insurance pays covered treatment; it does not replace all lost income.\nPension includes old-age, disability, and survivor protection.\nEmployment insurance covers qualifying unemployment and leave; workers’ compensation covers work or commuting injury.\nEmployees and self-employed people have different benefit gaps.\nWhich system does what\nHealth insurance, pension, employment insurance, and workers’ compensation are separate systems with separate claims. An employer’s health-insurance card does not prove every other enrollment. Check payslips, notices, Nenkin Net, and your insurer or municipality.\nA public-first review order\nList the event, public payer, eligibility, expected benefit, claim deadline, and uncovered loss. Then add employer benefits and savings. Only the remaining loss is a candidate for private insurance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/public-protection-map-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan","guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/koyou/koyouhoken/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Identify your public health plan, pension record, employment-insurance status, and workers’ compensation before pricing any private policy.\nA map of health, pension, unemployment, work-injury, and employer-based protection.\nHealth insurance pays covered treatment; it does not replace all lost income.\nPension includes old-age, disability, and survivor protection.\nEmployment insurance covers qualifying unemployment and leave; workers’ compensation covers work or commuting injury.\nEmployees and self-employed people have different benefit gaps.\nWhich system does what\nHealth insurance, pension, employment insurance, and workers’ compensation are separate systems with separate claims. An employer’s health-insurance card does not prove every other enrollment. Check payslips, notices, Nenkin Net, and your insurer or municipality.\nA public-first review order\nList the event, public payer, eligibility, expected benefit, claim deadline, and uncovered loss. Then add employer benefits and savings. Only the remaining loss is a candidate for private insurance.","url":"/en/insurance/public-protection-map-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit:en","entityId":"guide:health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Public health insurance and the high-cost benefit","plainText":"Public insurance pays covered care and the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit limits eligible cost sharing within a calendar month; it does not cap every hospital-related expense.\nCovered care, cost sharing, monthly ceilings, exclusions, and where to confirm your amount.\nEmployees usually use an employees’ health-insurance scheme; others generally use municipal National Health Insurance.\nThe standard working-age cost share is generally 30%, with age and income exceptions.\nThe ceiling is applied by calendar month and income/age category.\nMeals, private rooms, uncovered treatment, and some advanced-treatment charges are outside the high-cost calculation.\nWhat is—and is not—covered\nDo not translate “70% covered” into “all costs capped.” The benefit calculation concerns eligible insured cost sharing. Ask the hospital for an itemized estimate separating insured care from meals, private-room charges, and non-covered services.\nBefore admission or after payment\nOnline eligibility confirmation or a maximum-amount certificate may limit eligible payment at the counter. Otherwise, reimbursement can be claimed from your insurer. Household aggregation and repeated-high-cost rules may apply, but only under defined conditions. Confirm the current ceiling and procedure with the insurer named on your eligibility record.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Public insurance pays covered care and the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit limits eligible cost sharing within a calendar month; it does not cap every hospital-related expense.\nCovered care, cost sharing, monthly ceilings, exclusions, and where to confirm your amount.\nEmployees usually use an employees’ health-insurance scheme; others generally use municipal National Health Insurance.\nThe standard working-age cost share is generally 30%, with age and income exceptions.\nThe ceiling is applied by calendar month and income/age category.\nMeals, private rooms, uncovered treatment, and some advanced-treatment charges are outside the high-cost calculation.\nWhat is—and is not—covered\nDo not translate “70% covered” into “all costs capped.” The benefit calculation concerns eligible insured cost sharing. Ask the hospital for an itemized estimate separating insured care from meals, private-room charges, and non-covered services.\nBefore admission or after payment\nOnline eligibility confirmation or a maximum-amount certificate may limit eligible payment at the counter. Otherwise, reimbursement can be claimed from your insurer. Household aggregation and repeated-high-cost rules may apply, but only under defined conditions. Confirm the current ceiling and procedure with the insurer named on your eligibility record.","url":"/en/insurance/health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:employee-social-insurance-benefits:en","entityId":"guide:employee-social-insurance-benefits","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Employee health and pension insurance","plainText":"Eligible employees are enrolled through work in health insurance and Employees’ Pension; some health-insurance schemes also provide income benefits unavailable under municipal NHI.\nEmployer-based enrollment, premiums, sickness allowance, maternity allowance, and dependants.\nEmployer and employee generally share social-insurance contributions.\nHealth-insurance dependants and pension Category 3 spouses have distinct tests.\nSickness and injury allowance may support eligible employees unable to work for non-work reasons.\nWork injuries go to workers’ compensation, not ordinary sickness allowance.\nBenefits beyond treatment\nFor qualifying inability to work, sickness allowance generally begins after a three-day waiting period and is calculated from standard remuneration under statutory rules. Maternity allowance is separate. Ask your health-insurance association for eligibility, coordination with pay, and the current calculation.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/employee-social-insurance-benefits","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/0000147284.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Health Insurance Association","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/employeespension/employee.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Eligible employees are enrolled through work in health insurance and Employees’ Pension; some health-insurance schemes also provide income benefits unavailable under municipal NHI.\nEmployer-based enrollment, premiums, sickness allowance, maternity allowance, and dependants.\nEmployer and employee generally share social-insurance contributions.\nHealth-insurance dependants and pension Category 3 spouses have distinct tests.\nSickness and injury allowance may support eligible employees unable to work for non-work reasons.\nWork injuries go to workers’ compensation, not ordinary sickness allowance.\nBenefits beyond treatment\nFor qualifying inability to work, sickness allowance generally begins after a three-day waiting period and is calculated from standard remuneration under statutory rules. Maternity allowance is separate. Ask your health-insurance association for eligibility, coordination with pay, and the current calculation.","url":"/en/insurance/employee-social-insurance-benefits","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:pension-disability-survivor-benefits:en","entityId":"guide:pension-disability-survivor-benefits","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Pension means retirement, disability, and survivor cover","plainText":"National Pension and Employees’ Pension can provide old-age, disability, and survivor benefits, subject to contribution, medical, family, and timing conditions.\nHow the two-tier pension system also protects disability and bereavement risks.\nResidents generally participate in National Pension; covered employees also build Employees’ Pension.\nDisability pension is not the same as a disability certificate.\nSurvivor eligibility depends on the deceased’s record and the survivor’s relationship and circumstances.\nDo not size life or disability insurance before obtaining a public-benefit estimate.\nCheck the record before estimating a gap\nUse Nenkin Net or a pension office to check contribution months and estimated old-age pension. Disability and survivor claims require separate assessment; early consultation matters because the first medical consultation date and contribution record can be decisive.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/pension-disability-survivor-benefits","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/shougainenkin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/seido/izokunenkin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"National Pension and Employees’ Pension can provide old-age, disability, and survivor benefits, subject to contribution, medical, family, and timing conditions.\nHow the two-tier pension system also protects disability and bereavement risks.\nResidents generally participate in National Pension; covered employees also build Employees’ Pension.\nDisability pension is not the same as a disability certificate.\nSurvivor eligibility depends on the deceased’s record and the survivor’s relationship and circumstances.\nDo not size life or disability insurance before obtaining a public-benefit estimate.\nCheck the record before estimating a gap\nUse Nenkin Net or a pension office to check contribution months and estimated old-age pension. Disability and survivor claims require separate assessment; early consultation matters because the first medical consultation date and contribution record can be decisive.","url":"/en/insurance/pension-disability-survivor-benefits","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:employment-insurance-and-workers-comp:en","entityId":"guide:employment-insurance-and-workers-comp","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Employment insurance and workers’ compensation","plainText":"Employment insurance supports qualifying unemployment and specified leave; workers’ compensation covers recognized work or commuting injury and disease.\nUnemployment, leave, work injury, and commuting injury are different claim paths.\nHello Work administers unemployment-related claims.\nWorkers’ compensation generally applies regardless of employer fault.\nDo not use ordinary health insurance for treatment that should be handled as workers’ compensation.\nLeaving voluntarily versus involuntarily can affect timing and treatment.\nChoose the right claim route\nReport work and commuting injuries promptly and tell the medical provider they may be work-related. For job loss, obtain separation documents and consult Hello Work; insured periods, reason for separation, work availability, and waiting or restriction periods affect benefits.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/employment-insurance-and-workers-comp","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/koyou/koyouhoken/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Hello Work","url":"https://www.hellowork.mhlw.go.jp/insurance/insurance_basicbenefit.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Employment insurance supports qualifying unemployment and specified leave; workers’ compensation covers recognized work or commuting injury and disease.\nUnemployment, leave, work injury, and commuting injury are different claim paths.\nHello Work administers unemployment-related claims.\nWorkers’ compensation generally applies regardless of employer fault.\nDo not use ordinary health insurance for treatment that should be handled as workers’ compensation.\nLeaving voluntarily versus involuntarily can affect timing and treatment.\nChoose the right claim route\nReport work and commuting injuries promptly and tell the medical provider they may be work-related. For job loss, obtain separation documents and consult Hello Work; insured periods, reason for separation, work availability, and waiting or restriction periods affect benefits.","url":"/en/insurance/employment-insurance-and-workers-comp","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan:en","entityId":"guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do you need private medical insurance?","plainText":"First estimate insured cost sharing, non-covered expenses, and lost income after public and employer benefits; private medical cover is optional unless the remaining gap would destabilize you.\nA decision framework after public health coverage and employer benefits.\nHigh-cost protection applies to eligible treatment, not every expense.\nEmployees may have sickness allowance; municipal NHI generally does not provide the same standard benefit.\nCash savings can be a cheaper way to fund small, predictable gaps.\nCompare definitions, waiting periods, renewability, exclusions, and total premiums—not a daily benefit alone.\nRun the gap test\nModel several calendar months, because the public ceiling resets monthly. Add uncovered room and meal charges and realistic lost income; subtract sickness allowance, paid leave, employer benefits, household income, and accessible savings. Do not buy if the policy does not materially close the remaining gap.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/medical-insurance-decision-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Health Insurance Association","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"First estimate insured cost sharing, non-covered expenses, and lost income after public and employer benefits; private medical cover is optional unless the remaining gap would destabilize you.\nA decision framework after public health coverage and employer benefits.\nHigh-cost protection applies to eligible treatment, not every expense.\nEmployees may have sickness allowance; municipal NHI generally does not provide the same standard benefit.\nCash savings can be a cheaper way to fund small, predictable gaps.\nCompare definitions, waiting periods, renewability, exclusions, and total premiums—not a daily benefit alone.\nRun the gap test\nModel several calendar months, because the public ceiling resets monthly. Add uncovered room and meal charges and realistic lost income; subtract sickness allowance, paid leave, employer benefits, household income, and accessible savings. Do not buy if the policy does not materially close the remaining gap.","url":"/en/insurance/medical-insurance-decision-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:income-protection-japan:en","entityId":"guide:income-protection-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Income protection when you cannot work","plainText":"Your gap depends heavily on employment status and cause: sickness allowance, workers’ compensation, disability pension, unemployment benefits, and employer leave do different jobs.\nLayer paid leave, public benefits, employer cover, savings, then private insurance.\nSeparate short illness, long disability, work injury, job loss, and caregiving.\nSelf-employed people usually have a larger short-term sickness-income gap.\nEmergency savings cover waiting periods and exclusions.\nPrivate income protection must be tested against benefit definitions and offsets.\nBuild a timeline, not one number\nMap income and essential spending for month 1, months 2–6, and long-term disability. Put paid leave, sickness allowance or workers’ compensation, employer plans, disability pension, partner income, and savings on the timeline. A private policy is relevant only where an unaffordable gap remains.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/income-protection-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Health Insurance Association","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/shougainenkin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/koyou/koyouhoken/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Your gap depends heavily on employment status and cause: sickness allowance, workers’ compensation, disability pension, unemployment benefits, and employer leave do different jobs.\nLayer paid leave, public benefits, employer cover, savings, then private insurance.\nSeparate short illness, long disability, work injury, job loss, and caregiving.\nSelf-employed people usually have a larger short-term sickness-income gap.\nEmergency savings cover waiting periods and exclusions.\nPrivate income protection must be tested against benefit definitions and offsets.\nBuild a timeline, not one number\nMap income and essential spending for month 1, months 2–6, and long-term disability. Put paid leave, sickness allowance or workers’ compensation, employer plans, disability pension, partner income, and savings on the timeline. A private policy is relevant only where an unaffordable gap remains.","url":"/en/insurance/income-protection-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:home-earthquake-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:home-earthquake-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Home, fire, and earthquake insurance","plainText":"Fire insurance does not ordinarily cover earthquake-caused fire or damage; Japan’s earthquake insurance is attached to fire insurance and is designed to support recovery, not full replacement.\nSeparate building, contents, liability, flood, and earthquake risks.\nOwners insure the building; renters usually focus on contents, tenant liability, and personal liability.\nFlood, water leakage, theft, and accidental damage are separate coverage questions.\nEarthquake insurance amounts are statutorily limited relative to fire insurance.\nCheck duplicate personal-liability riders across home, auto, and card arrangements.\nMatch cover to the property and hazard\nConfirm whether the lease or mortgage requires cover, who owns improvements, rebuilding cost rather than land value, and local flood and seismic exposure. Read deductibles and the definitions used to grade earthquake loss. Public disaster support is limited and should not be treated as full insurance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/home-earthquake-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Finance","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/policy/financial_system/earthquake_insurance/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Fire insurance does not ordinarily cover earthquake-caused fire or damage; Japan’s earthquake insurance is attached to fire insurance and is designed to support recovery, not full replacement.\nSeparate building, contents, liability, flood, and earthquake risks.\nOwners insure the building; renters usually focus on contents, tenant liability, and personal liability.\nFlood, water leakage, theft, and accidental damage are separate coverage questions.\nEarthquake insurance amounts are statutorily limited relative to fire insurance.\nCheck duplicate personal-liability riders across home, auto, and card arrangements.\nMatch cover to the property and hazard\nConfirm whether the lease or mortgage requires cover, who owns improvements, rebuilding cost rather than land value, and local flood and seismic exposure. Read deductibles and the definitions used to grade earthquake loss. Public disaster support is limited and should not be treated as full insurance.","url":"/en/insurance/home-earthquake-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:auto-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:auto-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Compulsory and voluntary auto insurance","plainText":"Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance covers limited bodily-injury liability; it does not cover property damage, your vehicle, or all potentially large liability, so assess voluntary cover against those gaps.\nWhy compulsory liability insurance is only the public/legal floor.\nCALI/Jibaiseki is mandatory and centered on injury or death to others.\nProperty liability and vehicle damage are outside compulsory cover.\nVoluntary cover can address third-party limits, property, passengers, legal support, and own damage.\nDriver, age, use, territory, deductibles, and family definitions can restrict cover.\nStart with the compulsory-policy gaps\nConfirm the compulsory policy is valid before driving. Then model injury liability above its limits, damage to another vehicle or property, your own injuries and vehicle, roadside needs, and who will drive. A private comparison that starts with premiums rather than these gaps is incomplete.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/auto-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jidosha/anzen/04relief/jibai/insurance.html","official":true},{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jidosha/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance covers limited bodily-injury liability; it does not cover property damage, your vehicle, or all potentially large liability, so assess voluntary cover against those gaps.\nWhy compulsory liability insurance is only the public/legal floor.\nCALI/Jibaiseki is mandatory and centered on injury or death to others.\nProperty liability and vehicle damage are outside compulsory cover.\nVoluntary cover can address third-party limits, property, passengers, legal support, and own damage.\nDriver, age, use, territory, deductibles, and family definitions can restrict cover.\nStart with the compulsory-policy gaps\nConfirm the compulsory policy is valid before driving. Then model injury liability above its limits, damage to another vehicle or property, your own injuries and vehicle, roadside needs, and who will drive. A private comparison that starts with premiums rather than these gaps is incomplete.","url":"/en/insurance/auto-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-insurance-works-japan:en","entityId":"guide:how-insurance-works-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How insurance works","plainText":"Insurance transfers a defined financial risk to an insurer for a premium; it pays only for the events, people, property, and periods the contract specifies.\nRisk transfer, premiums, fixed-benefit vs reimbursement cover, claims, and exclusions.\nOnly losses defined in the contract are covered — not every misfortune.\nFixed-benefit policies pay a set amount; indemnity policies reimburse actual loss up to a limit.\nPremiums, exclusions, waiting periods, and definitions decide whether a claim pays.\nThe policy wording (約款) and warning information — not the brochure — control.\nWhat you are actually buying\nYou are buying a contractual promise to pay under stated conditions, not protection against all loss. Read the definition of the insured event, the exclusions, and any waiting period before you compare price. A cheap policy that excludes your real risk is not cheap.\nThe core decision rule\nInsure a risk only when three things hold at once: the event would cause serious financial harm, the event is uncertain, and a reasonably priced contract actually covers it. Use savings for predictable, affordable costs.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/how-insurance-works-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan","guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Insurance transfers a defined financial risk to an insurer for a premium; it pays only for the events, people, property, and periods the contract specifies.\nRisk transfer, premiums, fixed-benefit vs reimbursement cover, claims, and exclusions.\nOnly losses defined in the contract are covered — not every misfortune.\nFixed-benefit policies pay a set amount; indemnity policies reimburse actual loss up to a limit.\nPremiums, exclusions, waiting periods, and definitions decide whether a claim pays.\nThe policy wording (約款) and warning information — not the brochure — control.\nWhat you are actually buying\nYou are buying a contractual promise to pay under stated conditions, not protection against all loss. Read the definition of the insured event, the exclusions, and any waiting period before you compare price. A cheap policy that excludes your real risk is not cheap.\nThe core decision rule\nInsure a risk only when three things hold at once: the event would cause serious financial harm, the event is uncertain, and a reasonably priced contract actually covers it. Use savings for predictable, affordable costs.","url":"/en/insurance/how-insurance-works-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-to-read-a-policy-japan:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-read-a-policy-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to read an insurance policy in Japan","plainText":"The policy overview (契約概要) and brochure summarize the product, but the policy wording (約款), endorsements, definitions, and warning information (注意喚起情報) decide whether a specific event is payable.\nPolicy overview, warning information, wording, definitions, exclusions, and benefit triggers.\nRead the definitions section first — “surgery”, “cancer”, “flood”, and “household member” are defined terms.\nCheck general and special exclusions and any condition-specific start dates.\nConfirm benefit triggers, limits, deductibles, renewal, and surrender terms.\nWhere the brochure and the wording conflict, the wording controls.\nThe documents that matter\nKeep four documents together: the policy overview, the warning information, the full wording with endorsements, and the application answers you gave. FSA guidance expects insurers to disclose the product mechanism, major riders, coverage period, premiums, cancellation refunds, exclusions, cooling-off, and disclosure duties.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/how-to-read-a-policy-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-insurance-works-japan","guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"The policy overview (契約概要) and brochure summarize the product, but the policy wording (約款), endorsements, definitions, and warning information (注意喚起情報) decide whether a specific event is payable.\nPolicy overview, warning information, wording, definitions, exclusions, and benefit triggers.\nRead the definitions section first — “surgery”, “cancer”, “flood”, and “household member” are defined terms.\nCheck general and special exclusions and any condition-specific start dates.\nConfirm benefit triggers, limits, deductibles, renewal, and surrender terms.\nWhere the brochure and the wording conflict, the wording controls.\nThe documents that matter\nKeep four documents together: the policy overview, the warning information, the full wording with endorsements, and the application answers you gave. FSA guidance expects insurers to disclose the product mechanism, major riders, coverage period, premiums, cancellation refunds, exclusions, cooling-off, and disclosure duties.","url":"/en/insurance/how-to-read-a-policy-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-premiums-explained-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-premiums-explained-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance premiums explained","plainText":"Premiums depend on the insured amount and risk factors — age, health, occupation, location, vehicle, pet, deductible, and selected benefits — and can rise sharply on age-based renewal.\nHow age, health, occupation, location, insured amount, deductibles, and renewal shape the price.\nA published example premium is an illustration, not a quote for you.\nA higher deductible lowers the premium but raises your out-of-pocket loss.\nRenewable term cover reprices upward at each renewal because you are older.\nAuto and pet premiums also reflect no-claim class, breed, and age.\nCompare benefits before price\nNormalize the benefits — amounts, definitions, waiting periods, and renewal — before comparing premiums. The cheapest first-year premium can become the most expensive over time if it renews steeply or pays a narrower benefit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-premiums-explained-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Premiums depend on the insured amount and risk factors — age, health, occupation, location, vehicle, pet, deductible, and selected benefits — and can rise sharply on age-based renewal.\nHow age, health, occupation, location, insured amount, deductibles, and renewal shape the price.\nA published example premium is an illustration, not a quote for you.\nA higher deductible lowers the premium but raises your out-of-pocket loss.\nRenewable term cover reprices upward at each renewal because you are older.\nAuto and pet premiums also reflect no-claim class, breed, and age.\nCompare benefits before price\nNormalize the benefits — amounts, definitions, waiting periods, and renewal — before comparing premiums. The cheapest first-year premium can become the most expensive over time if it renews steeply or pays a narrower benefit.","url":"/en/insurance/insurance-premiums-explained-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan:en","entityId":"guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance exclusions and waiting periods","plainText":"Exclusions and waiting periods are where most claim surprises come from: cancer policies commonly exclude diagnoses in a roughly 90-day window, and pet policies apply illness and cancer waiting periods.\nCommon exclusions by category, cancer and pet waiting periods, and pre-existing conditions.\nIntentional loss, war, and undisclosed material facts are near-universal exclusions.\nCancer cover typically does not pay for a diagnosis inside the waiting period.\nPet cover excludes pre-existing and often congenital conditions.\nA “relaxed-underwriting” policy may reduce benefits during an early period.\nWhere to look before buying\nRead the special exclusions and the condition-specific commencement dates, not only the headline coverage. For cancer and pet cover, note exactly when the waiting period starts and what counts as pre-existing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cancer-insurance-japan","guide:pet-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true},{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Exclusions and waiting periods are where most claim surprises come from: cancer policies commonly exclude diagnoses in a roughly 90-day window, and pet policies apply illness and cancer waiting periods.\nCommon exclusions by category, cancer and pet waiting periods, and pre-existing conditions.\nIntentional loss, war, and undisclosed material facts are near-universal exclusions.\nCancer cover typically does not pay for a diagnosis inside the waiting period.\nPet cover excludes pre-existing and often congenital conditions.\nA “relaxed-underwriting” policy may reduce benefits during an early period.\nWhere to look before buying\nRead the special exclusions and the condition-specific commencement dates, not only the headline coverage. For cancer and pet cover, note exactly when the waiting period starts and what counts as pre-existing.","url":"/en/insurance/exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-riders-explained-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-riders-explained-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance riders explained","plainText":"A rider (特約) is optional coverage attached to a main policy — advanced medical treatment, premium waiver, personal liability, legal expenses, women’s illness, or accidental death — and it should be bought only against a quantified risk, not by default.\nMedical, liability, legal-expense, premium-waiver, advanced-treatment, and accidental-death riders.\nEach rider adds premium — attach one only against a real, quantified risk.\nPersonal-liability and legal-expense riders are cheap and broadly useful.\nAdvanced-treatment riders pay only officially designated technical fees.\nPremium-waiver riders stop premiums on defined disability or illness.\nAttach riders deliberately\nFor each proposed rider, ask what specific loss it covers, whether you already hold that cover elsewhere, and whether the premium is justified. Personal liability is often worth adding; many small medical riders are not.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-riders-explained-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan","guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"A rider (特約) is optional coverage attached to a main policy — advanced medical treatment, premium waiver, personal liability, legal expenses, women’s illness, or accidental death — and it should be bought only against a quantified risk, not by default.\nMedical, liability, legal-expense, premium-waiver, advanced-treatment, and accidental-death riders.\nEach rider adds premium — attach one only against a real, quantified risk.\nPersonal-liability and legal-expense riders are cheap and broadly useful.\nAdvanced-treatment riders pay only officially designated technical fees.\nPremium-waiver riders stop premiums on defined disability or illness.\nAttach riders deliberately\nFor each proposed rider, ask what specific loss it covers, whether you already hold that cover elsewhere, and whether the premium is justified. Personal liability is often worth adding; many small medical riders are not.","url":"/en/insurance/insurance-riders-explained-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:underwriting-and-disclosure-japan:en","entityId":"guide:underwriting-and-disclosure-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Underwriting and medical disclosure","plainText":"Answer every disclosure question completely and accurately; the insurer may accept you at standard rates, add a premium, exclude a body part, postpone, or decline — and material nondisclosure can void a claim.\nHealth questions, examinations, ratings, exclusions, postponement, and declined applications.\nAnswer only what is asked, but answer it truthfully and in full.\nA pre-existing condition does not always mean rejection — outcomes vary.\nTry standard underwriting before paying more for a relaxed-underwriting product.\nNondisclosure discovered at claim time can cancel the contract.\nDo not guess, and do not hide\nIf a question is unclear, ask the insurer in writing rather than guessing. Do not omit information the insurer requests. Getting a small exclusion or rating is usually better than a later claim denial for nondisclosure.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/underwriting-and-disclosure-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Answer every disclosure question completely and accurately; the insurer may accept you at standard rates, add a premium, exclude a body part, postpone, or decline — and material nondisclosure can void a claim.\nHealth questions, examinations, ratings, exclusions, postponement, and declined applications.\nAnswer only what is asked, but answer it truthfully and in full.\nA pre-existing condition does not always mean rejection — outcomes vary.\nTry standard underwriting before paying more for a relaxed-underwriting product.\nNondisclosure discovered at claim time can cancel the contract.\nDo not guess, and do not hide\nIf a question is unclear, ask the insurer in writing rather than guessing. Do not omit information the insurer requests. Getting a small exclusion or rating is usually better than a later claim denial for nondisclosure.","url":"/en/insurance/underwriting-and-disclosure-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:term-renewable-whole-life-basics-japan:en","entityId":"guide:term-renewable-whole-life-basics-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Term, renewable, and whole-life coverage","plainText":"Term cover is cheap for a temporary need and usually has no surrender value; renewable term reprices upward with age to a ceiling; whole life continues for life if premiums are paid but early surrender can lose money.\nPolicy length, premium increases, renewal ceilings, permanent needs, and surrender value.\nMatch the policy length to how long the risk actually lasts.\nRenewable term has an age ceiling beyond which it cannot renew.\nWhole life may build cash value, but early surrender value can be low.\nA common efficient design is large term plus a small permanent policy only if needed.\nMatch the shape to the need\nUse large term cover for the temporary family-income risk during dependent years, and add a small permanent policy only for a genuine lifelong need such as funeral or estate liquidity. Do not buy permanent insurance to solve a temporary problem.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/term-renewable-whole-life-basics-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan","guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Term cover is cheap for a temporary need and usually has no surrender value; renewable term reprices upward with age to a ceiling; whole life continues for life if premiums are paid but early surrender can lose money.\nPolicy length, premium increases, renewal ceilings, permanent needs, and surrender value.\nMatch the policy length to how long the risk actually lasts.\nRenewable term has an age ceiling beyond which it cannot renew.\nWhole life may build cash value, but early surrender value can be low.\nA common efficient design is large term plus a small permanent policy only if needed.\nMatch the shape to the need\nUse large term cover for the temporary family-income risk during dependent years, and add a small permanent policy only for a genuine lifelong need such as funeral or estate liquidity. Do not buy permanent insurance to solve a temporary problem.","url":"/en/insurance/term-renewable-whole-life-basics-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan:en","entityId":"guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Cash value and surrender value","plainText":"Cash value is contract value that may be available on surrender or through a policy loan; it is not a bank deposit, and low-surrender-value designs can return far less than premiums paid if you cancel early.\nWhole life, low-surrender-value products, policy loans, and early-cancellation losses.\nIllustrated maturity values depend on assumptions and are not guaranteed unless labeled guaranteed.\nLow-surrender-value designs lower premiums but punish early cancellation.\nPolicy loans accrue interest and reduce benefits until repaid.\nDo not treat a savings-type policy as a liquid emergency fund.\nRead the guaranteed column\nOn any illustration, separate the guaranteed values from projected values, and look at the surrender value at the years you might realistically cancel. Currency, interest, market, and fee assumptions can all reduce the amount you actually receive.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","guide:whole-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Cash value is contract value that may be available on surrender or through a policy loan; it is not a bank deposit, and low-surrender-value designs can return far less than premiums paid if you cancel early.\nWhole life, low-surrender-value products, policy loans, and early-cancellation losses.\nIllustrated maturity values depend on assumptions and are not guaranteed unless labeled guaranteed.\nLow-surrender-value designs lower premiums but punish early cancellation.\nPolicy loans accrue interest and reduce benefits until repaid.\nDo not treat a savings-type policy as a liquid emergency fund.\nRead the guaranteed column\nOn any illustration, separate the guaranteed values from projected values, and look at the surrender value at the years you might realistically cancel. Currency, interest, market, and fee assumptions can all reduce the amount you actually receive.","url":"/en/insurance/cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-insurance-claims-work-japan:en","entityId":"guide:how-insurance-claims-work-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How insurance claims work","plainText":"A claim is a request for payment supported by required evidence — a medical certificate, receipt, diagnosis, police report, estimate, or death certificate — and the insurer pays only when the contract’s conditions and definitions are met.\nEvidence, notification, claim forms, investigations, payment decisions, and denials.\nNotify the insurer promptly, even before the final amount is known.\nPreserve photos, receipts, records, and correspondence.\nAsk for the claim number, required documents, and deadlines.\nGet any denial and its contractual reason in writing.\nA universal claim sequence\nProtect life and prevent further damage; contact the relevant authority; notify the insurer; gather evidence; submit a factual chronology; disclose other applicable insurance; then obtain the decision in writing and challenge factual mistakes with clause references.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/how-insurance-claims-work-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan","guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"A claim is a request for payment supported by required evidence — a medical certificate, receipt, diagnosis, police report, estimate, or death certificate — and the insurer pays only when the contract’s conditions and definitions are met.\nEvidence, notification, claim forms, investigations, payment decisions, and denials.\nNotify the insurer promptly, even before the final amount is known.\nPreserve photos, receipts, records, and correspondence.\nAsk for the claim number, required documents, and deadlines.\nGet any denial and its contractual reason in writing.\nA universal claim sequence\nProtect life and prevent further damage; contact the relevant authority; notify the insurer; gather evidence; submit a factual chronology; disclose other applicable insurance; then obtain the decision in writing and challenge factual mistakes with clause references.","url":"/en/insurance/how-insurance-claims-work-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to compare insurance quotes","plainText":"Normalize benefits, definitions, waiting periods, and renewal terms first; only then compare total premiums over time — not the cheapest first-year price.\nNormalize benefits and definitions, then compare total premiums, renewals, riders, and exclusions.\nCompare the definition of the insured event, not just the benefit amount.\nModel total premiums to ages 65, 75, 85, and 95 where relevant.\nInclude riders, deductibles, and exclusions in the comparison.\nComparison-site rankings reflect that platform’s panel, not the whole market.\nBuild a like-for-like table\nPut each product in a table with the same rows: entry and renewal age, benefit triggers and amounts, waiting periods, exclusions, renewal repricing, and total premium over a realistic horizon. A quote you cannot normalize is not yet comparable.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:insurance-premiums-explained-japan","guide:direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Normalize benefits, definitions, waiting periods, and renewal terms first; only then compare total premiums over time — not the cheapest first-year price.\nNormalize benefits and definitions, then compare total premiums, renewals, riders, and exclusions.\nCompare the definition of the insured event, not just the benefit amount.\nModel total premiums to ages 65, 75, 85, and 95 where relevant.\nInclude riders, deductibles, and exclusions in the comparison.\nComparison-site rankings reflect that platform’s panel, not the whole market.\nBuild a like-for-like table\nPut each product in a table with the same rows: entry and renewal age, benefit triggers and amounts, waiting periods, exclusions, renewal repricing, and total premium over a realistic horizon. A quote you cannot normalize is not yet comparable.","url":"/en/insurance/how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to review and replace insurance","plainText":"Build an inventory of every policy, map each benefit to a real risk, and never cancel existing life or health cover until the replacement is accepted, commenced, and its exclusions are understood.\nPolicy inventory, duplicate coverage, replacement risk, and cancellation timing.\nReplacing a policy restarts underwriting — a new condition can now be excluded.\nWatch for duplicate personal-liability, travel, and device coverage.\nOld hospitalization-only medical policies may no longer match modern care.\nConfirm cooling-off and first-premium conditions on the new contract.\nSequence the switch safely\nApply for and secure the new cover, confirm commencement and any special exclusions, and only then cancel the old policy. Cancelling first can leave you uninsured or uninsurable if the new application is rated or declined.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:annual-insurance-review-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Build an inventory of every policy, map each benefit to a real risk, and never cancel existing life or health cover until the replacement is accepted, commenced, and its exclusions are understood.\nPolicy inventory, duplicate coverage, replacement risk, and cancellation timing.\nReplacing a policy restarts underwriting — a new condition can now be excluded.\nWatch for duplicate personal-liability, travel, and device coverage.\nOld hospitalization-only medical policies may no longer match modern care.\nConfirm cooling-off and first-premium conditions on the new contract.\nSequence the switch safely\nApply for and secure the new cover, confirm commencement and any special exclusions, and only then cancel the old policy. Cancelling first can leave you uninsured or uninsurable if the new application is rated or declined.","url":"/en/insurance/reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Overinsurance and underinsurance","plainText":"Overinsurance duplicates public benefits, employer benefits, or savings and buys riders without a quantified risk; underinsurance leaves catastrophic gaps — unlimited liability, rebuilding, income loss, or dependants — uncovered.\nPublic-benefit duplication, unnecessary riders, and missing catastrophic cover.\nPrice public and employer benefits before buying private cover.\nSmall, budgetable losses are usually better self-funded.\nThe costliest gaps are third-party liability, rebuilding, and lost income.\nRight-sizing beats both stacking riders and skipping catastrophic cover.\nMap each yen to a real risk\nList every risk, its public payer, your savings buffer, and the true residual loss. Insure the residual only where it is both large and uncertain. Cancel riders that duplicate cover you already hold, and raise limits where a single event could overwhelm the household.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/over-and-under-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Overinsurance duplicates public benefits, employer benefits, or savings and buys riders without a quantified risk; underinsurance leaves catastrophic gaps — unlimited liability, rebuilding, income loss, or dependants — uncovered.\nPublic-benefit duplication, unnecessary riders, and missing catastrophic cover.\nPrice public and employer benefits before buying private cover.\nSmall, budgetable losses are usually better self-funded.\nThe costliest gaps are third-party liability, rebuilding, and lost income.\nRight-sizing beats both stacking riders and skipping catastrophic cover.\nMap each yen to a real risk\nList every risk, its public payer, your savings buffer, and the true residual loss. Insure the residual only where it is both large and uncertain. Cancel riders that duplicate cover you already hold, and raise limits where a single event could overwhelm the household.","url":"/en/insurance/over-and-under-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:employees-vs-national-health-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:employees-vs-national-health-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Employees’ health insurance vs National Health Insurance","plainText":"Employees’ health insurance is enrolled through work, uses a salary-based premium shared with the employer, covers dependants, and can pay sickness and maternity allowances; municipal National Health Insurance is household-based and generally does not pay those income allowances.\nEnrollment, dependants, premium calculation, and the sickness and maternity income benefits.\nEmployees’ insurance has a “dependant” structure; NHI insures each household member.\nEmployees may receive sickness and maternity allowances; ordinary NHI generally does not.\nBoth provide covered treatment and the high-cost benefit.\nSwitching jobs can change which system you are in and how premiums are set.\nWhen you change jobs\nLosing employer coverage can trigger a choice: voluntary continuation of employees’ insurance where available, or municipal NHI. Compare the total premium, dependant treatment, and whether income allowances matter to you, and enroll promptly to avoid a coverage gap.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/employees-vs-national-health-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit","guide:employee-social-insurance-benefits"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Health Insurance Association","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Employees’ health insurance is enrolled through work, uses a salary-based premium shared with the employer, covers dependants, and can pay sickness and maternity allowances; municipal National Health Insurance is household-based and generally does not pay those income allowances.\nEnrollment, dependants, premium calculation, and the sickness and maternity income benefits.\nEmployees’ insurance has a “dependant” structure; NHI insures each household member.\nEmployees may receive sickness and maternity allowances; ordinary NHI generally does not.\nBoth provide covered treatment and the high-cost benefit.\nSwitching jobs can change which system you are in and how premiums are set.\nWhen you change jobs\nLosing employer coverage can trigger a choice: voluntary continuation of employees’ insurance where available, or municipal NHI. Compare the total premium, dependant treatment, and whether income allowances matter to you, and enroll promptly to avoid a coverage gap.","url":"/en/insurance/employees-vs-national-health-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan:en","entityId":"guide:what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What public health insurance does not cover","plainText":"Public insurance pays covered treatment and the high-cost benefit caps eligible cost-sharing, but private-room surcharges, uncovered treatment, meals, documents, and lost income sit outside that protection.\nPrivate rooms, uncovered care, documents, meals, income loss, and other gaps.\nThe high-cost ceiling is calculated monthly on eligible cost-sharing only.\nElective private-room charges are outside the ceiling.\nNon-covered advanced-treatment technical fees may not be reimbursed.\nLost income is only replaced through separate benefits or insurance.\nWhere private cover or savings can help\nAsk the hospital for an itemized estimate separating insured care from meals, private-room charges, documents, and non-covered services. Then decide whether savings or a fixed-benefit medical policy is the cheaper way to fund the residual.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan","guide:private-medical-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Public insurance pays covered treatment and the high-cost benefit caps eligible cost-sharing, but private-room surcharges, uncovered treatment, meals, documents, and lost income sit outside that protection.\nPrivate rooms, uncovered care, documents, meals, income loss, and other gaps.\nThe high-cost ceiling is calculated monthly on eligible cost-sharing only.\nElective private-room charges are outside the ceiling.\nNon-covered advanced-treatment technical fees may not be reimbursed.\nLost income is only replaced through separate benefits or insurance.\nWhere private cover or savings can help\nAsk the hospital for an itemized estimate separating insured care from meals, private-room charges, documents, and non-covered services. Then decide whether savings or a fixed-benefit medical policy is the cheaper way to fund the residual.","url":"/en/insurance/what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:long-term-care-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:long-term-care-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Long-term care insurance (public)","plainText":"Residents are insured for long-term care from age 40; certified users generally pay 10%–30% of covered services, while meals, housing, upgrades, and services beyond limits remain out of pocket.\nAge groups, certification, covered services, copayments, and uncovered facility costs.\nAge 65+ eligibility is based on assessed need; ages 40–64 cover only specified conditions.\nCertification determines the care level and monthly benefit limit.\nCopayments are income-based, generally 10%–30%.\nFacility food and housing are not fully covered by the public system.\nWhat private care cover adds\nPrivate nursing-care insurance can add a lump sum or annuity for the uncovered costs, but only when the insured reaches a contract-defined care state or public care level. Compare it against a dedicated care reserve and the actual gap after public benefits.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/long-term-care-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:insurance-retirees-japan","guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/hukushi_kaigo/kaigo_koureisha/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Residents are insured for long-term care from age 40; certified users generally pay 10%–30% of covered services, while meals, housing, upgrades, and services beyond limits remain out of pocket.\nAge groups, certification, covered services, copayments, and uncovered facility costs.\nAge 65+ eligibility is based on assessed need; ages 40–64 cover only specified conditions.\nCertification determines the care level and monthly benefit limit.\nCopayments are income-based, generally 10%–30%.\nFacility food and housing are not fully covered by the public system.\nWhat private care cover adds\nPrivate nursing-care insurance can add a lump sum or annuity for the uncovered costs, but only when the insured reaches a contract-defined care state or public care level. Compare it against a dedicated care reserve and the actual gap after public benefits.","url":"/en/insurance/long-term-care-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:pension-for-foreign-residents-japan:en","entityId":"guide:pension-for-foreign-residents-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Pension rules for foreign residents","plainText":"Registered residents aged 20–59 are generally subject to National Pension unless covered another way; contributions also protect disability and survivors, and a lump-sum withdrawal may be claimable within two years after leaving Japan — but it can erase credited periods.\nEnrollment, social-security agreements, records, and the lump-sum withdrawal payment.\nEnrollment is generally mandatory, not optional, for eligible residents.\nContributions build old-age, disability, and survivor protection.\nSocial-security agreements may let you combine periods across countries.\nThe lump-sum withdrawal can be inferior to preserving your record.\nBefore you claim a refund\nInvestigate the lump-sum withdrawal carefully: eligible non-Japanese people generally must claim within two years of losing residence, but claiming can erase the periods used in the calculation and may affect tax or social-security-agreement planning. Compare keeping the record where an agreement applies.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/pension-for-foreign-residents-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","guide:pension-disability-survivor-benefits"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/kokunen/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/withdrawalpayment/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Registered residents aged 20–59 are generally subject to National Pension unless covered another way; contributions also protect disability and survivors, and a lump-sum withdrawal may be claimable within two years after leaving Japan — but it can erase credited periods.\nEnrollment, social-security agreements, records, and the lump-sum withdrawal payment.\nEnrollment is generally mandatory, not optional, for eligible residents.\nContributions build old-age, disability, and survivor protection.\nSocial-security agreements may let you combine periods across countries.\nThe lump-sum withdrawal can be inferior to preserving your record.\nBefore you claim a refund\nInvestigate the lump-sum withdrawal carefully: eligible non-Japanese people generally must claim within two years of losing residence, but claiming can erase the periods used in the calculation and may affect tax or social-security-agreement planning. Compare keeping the record where an agreement applies.","url":"/en/insurance/pension-for-foreign-residents-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan:en","entityId":"guide:leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Leaving Japan: insurance and pension checklist","plainText":"Before departure, confirm in writing whether each private policy can continue overseas, withdraw from NHI at your municipality, investigate the pension lump-sum, and settle claims and contact details by category.\nPrivate-policy continuation, NHI withdrawal, pension withdrawal, claims, and contacts.\nThere is no single rule for whether private policies continue abroad — ask each insurer.\nWithdraw from NHI and update pension status at the municipality.\nDecide on the pension lump-sum within the two-year window if eligible.\nConfirm how claims and notices will reach you overseas.\nAsk each private insurer in writing\nFor every private policy, ask whether it can continue overseas, how premiums must be paid, where notices will be sent, how claims will be documented, and whether a Japanese address or bank account remains mandatory. Keep the written answers with your policy documents.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pension-for-foreign-residents-japan","guide:insurance-foreign-residents-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/withdrawalpayment/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Before departure, confirm in writing whether each private policy can continue overseas, withdraw from NHI at your municipality, investigate the pension lump-sum, and settle claims and contact details by category.\nPrivate-policy continuation, NHI withdrawal, pension withdrawal, claims, and contacts.\nThere is no single rule for whether private policies continue abroad — ask each insurer.\nWithdraw from NHI and update pension status at the municipality.\nDecide on the pension lump-sum within the two-year window if eligible.\nConfirm how claims and notices will reach you overseas.\nAsk each private insurer in writing\nFor every private policy, ask whether it can continue overseas, how premiums must be paid, where notices will be sent, how claims will be documented, and whether a Japanese address or bank account remains mandatory. Keep the written answers with your policy documents.","url":"/en/insurance/leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:term-life-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:term-life-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Term life insurance","plainText":"Term life pays a death benefit during a fixed period at a relatively low premium, usually with little or no surrender value, and is best for a temporary income gap such as dependent or mortgage years.\nLevel and renewable terms, age limits, premium changes, best uses, and exclusions.\nBest for parents, mortgage borrowers, and temporary income gaps.\nRenewable term reprices upward at each renewal and has an age ceiling.\nSurvivor pension and employer death benefits reduce the amount you need.\nA suicide-exclusion period and disclosure rules apply.\nSize it against the real gap\nDo not insure the full salary. Add debts, household income to independence, and education, then subtract survivor pension, employer benefits, assets, and the surviving partner’s earnings. Level term for the whole dependent period is usually simpler than short renewable term.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/term-life-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/seido/izokunenkin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Term life pays a death benefit during a fixed period at a relatively low premium, usually with little or no surrender value, and is best for a temporary income gap such as dependent or mortgage years.\nLevel and renewable terms, age limits, premium changes, best uses, and exclusions.\nBest for parents, mortgage borrowers, and temporary income gaps.\nRenewable term reprices upward at each renewal and has an age ceiling.\nSurvivor pension and employer death benefits reduce the amount you need.\nA suicide-exclusion period and disclosure rules apply.\nSize it against the real gap\nDo not insure the full salary. Add debts, household income to independence, and education, then subtract survivor pension, employer benefits, assets, and the surviving partner’s earnings. Level term for the whole dependent period is usually simpler than short renewable term.","url":"/en/insurance/term-life-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:whole-life-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:whole-life-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Whole-life insurance","plainText":"Whole life provides a lifetime death benefit if premiums are maintained and may build cash value, but premiums are higher than term and early surrender can return far less than premiums paid.\nPermanent death protection, cash value, premium structures, and surrender risk.\nBest for a genuine lifelong need: funeral, estate liquidity, or inheritance equalization.\nCash value is not a deposit; early surrender value can be low.\nForeign-currency and variable designs add market and currency risk.\nFor temporary needs, term is usually far cheaper.\nConfirm the permanent need first\nBuy whole life only for a defined permanent need, and keep the amount small. Treating a projected value as a guaranteed deposit, or buying a large permanent policy to solve a temporary income gap, are the two common mistakes.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/whole-life-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan","guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Whole life provides a lifetime death benefit if premiums are maintained and may build cash value, but premiums are higher than term and early surrender can return far less than premiums paid.\nPermanent death protection, cash value, premium structures, and surrender risk.\nBest for a genuine lifelong need: funeral, estate liquidity, or inheritance equalization.\nCash value is not a deposit; early surrender value can be low.\nForeign-currency and variable designs add market and currency risk.\nFor temporary needs, term is usually far cheaper.\nConfirm the permanent need first\nBuy whole life only for a defined permanent need, and keep the amount small. Treating a projected value as a guaranteed deposit, or buying a large permanent policy to solve a temporary income gap, are the two common mistakes.","url":"/en/insurance/whole-life-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:private-medical-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:private-medical-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Private medical insurance","plainText":"Private medical insurance pays contractually defined daily, surgical, or lump-sum benefits on top of public cover; it supplements rather than replaces public health insurance and is optional unless the residual gap would destabilize you.\nHow fixed-benefit hospitalization, surgery, and outpatient cover interact with public insurance.\nMost retail policies pay fixed benefits, not your actual bill.\nPublic high-cost protection already limits eligible cost-sharing monthly.\nCompare hospitalization days, surgery definitions, and renewal — not a daily amount alone.\nSmall predictable gaps can be cheaper to self-fund from savings.\nTest the residual gap\nModel several calendar months of the public ceiling, add uncovered room and meal charges and realistic lost income, then subtract sickness allowance, paid leave, and savings. Buy only if the policy materially closes the remaining gap.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/private-medical-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan","guide:what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Health Insurance Association","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Private medical insurance pays contractually defined daily, surgical, or lump-sum benefits on top of public cover; it supplements rather than replaces public health insurance and is optional unless the residual gap would destabilize you.\nHow fixed-benefit hospitalization, surgery, and outpatient cover interact with public insurance.\nMost retail policies pay fixed benefits, not your actual bill.\nPublic high-cost protection already limits eligible cost-sharing monthly.\nCompare hospitalization days, surgery definitions, and renewal — not a daily amount alone.\nSmall predictable gaps can be cheaper to self-fund from savings.\nTest the residual gap\nModel several calendar months of the public ceiling, add uncovered room and meal charges and realistic lost income, then subtract sickness allowance, paid leave, and savings. Buy only if the policy materially closes the remaining gap.","url":"/en/insurance/private-medical-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:cancer-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:cancer-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Cancer insurance","plainText":"Cancer insurance adds contract-defined cash for diagnosis or treatment, subject to a roughly 90-day waiting period, differing treatment definitions, recurrence intervals, and carcinoma-in-situ rules; public insurance already covers ordinary insured cancer treatment.\nDiagnosis and treatment benefits, waiting periods, recurrence, and carcinoma in situ.\nNot all cancer insurance pays the same — compare the trigger, not the name.\nA diagnosis lump sum gives flexibility; treatment benefits support repeated care.\nCarcinoma in situ may pay a reduced amount or nothing under some products.\nThe high-cost benefit already limits eligible copays for insured treatment.\nLump sum vs treatment design\nDecide whether you want a large diagnosis lump sum, ongoing treatment benefits, or both, and check the recurrence interval and whether outpatient treatment and advanced-treatment technical fees are included. Confirm the exact waiting-period start.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/cancer-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:private-medical-insurance-japan","guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Cancer insurance adds contract-defined cash for diagnosis or treatment, subject to a roughly 90-day waiting period, differing treatment definitions, recurrence intervals, and carcinoma-in-situ rules; public insurance already covers ordinary insured cancer treatment.\nDiagnosis and treatment benefits, waiting periods, recurrence, and carcinoma in situ.\nNot all cancer insurance pays the same — compare the trigger, not the name.\nA diagnosis lump sum gives flexibility; treatment benefits support repeated care.\nCarcinoma in situ may pay a reduced amount or nothing under some products.\nThe high-cost benefit already limits eligible copays for insured treatment.\nLump sum vs treatment design\nDecide whether you want a large diagnosis lump sum, ongoing treatment benefits, or both, and check the recurrence interval and whether outpatient treatment and advanced-treatment technical fees are included. Confirm the exact waiting-period start.","url":"/en/insurance/cancer-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:critical-illness-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:critical-illness-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Critical-illness insurance","plainText":"Critical-illness cover pays a lump sum or waives premiums for defined cancer, acute myocardial infarction, stroke, and sometimes other diseases — but diagnosis alone may be insufficient; the policy’s medical definitions control.\nCancer, stroke, and heart-attack definitions, payment triggers, and premium waivers.\nHeart attack or stroke often requires surgery, specified treatment, or lasting symptoms.\nEveryday meanings differ from the policy’s medical definitions.\nA lump sum can fund debt reduction, leave, rehabilitation, or home changes.\nCompare the trigger conditions across products carefully.\nRead the medical definition\nCheck exactly what triggers payment — a named diagnosis, a specified procedure, a hospitalization, or a duration of symptoms — because two products with the same name can pay very differently.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/critical-illness-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cancer-insurance-japan","guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Critical-illness cover pays a lump sum or waives premiums for defined cancer, acute myocardial infarction, stroke, and sometimes other diseases — but diagnosis alone may be insufficient; the policy’s medical definitions control.\nCancer, stroke, and heart-attack definitions, payment triggers, and premium waivers.\nHeart attack or stroke often requires surgery, specified treatment, or lasting symptoms.\nEveryday meanings differ from the policy’s medical definitions.\nA lump sum can fund debt reduction, leave, rehabilitation, or home changes.\nCompare the trigger conditions across products carefully.\nRead the medical definition\nCheck exactly what triggers payment — a named diagnosis, a specified procedure, a hospitalization, or a duration of symptoms — because two products with the same name can pay very differently.","url":"/en/insurance/critical-illness-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan:en","entityId":"guide:relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Relaxed underwriting and pre-existing conditions","plainText":"Relaxed-underwriting policies ask fewer or broader health questions and may accept people with prior conditions, but they usually cost more, may reduce benefits in an early period, and “easy to join” does not mean every condition is covered.\nEligibility, fewer questions, higher premiums, reduced early benefits, and when to consider it.\nTry standard underwriting or insurer pre-assessment first.\nPremiums are usually higher and early benefits may be halved.\nPrior conditions and related complications may still be excluded.\nGroup cover through work can be an alternative route.\nThe order to try\nAttempt standard underwriting, request pre-assessment, consider group cover, and only then compare relaxed-underwriting products — weighing the higher premium and any reduced-benefit period against a larger savings reserve.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:underwriting-and-disclosure-japan","guide:insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Relaxed-underwriting policies ask fewer or broader health questions and may accept people with prior conditions, but they usually cost more, may reduce benefits in an early period, and “easy to join” does not mean every condition is covered.\nEligibility, fewer questions, higher premiums, reduced early benefits, and when to consider it.\nTry standard underwriting or insurer pre-assessment first.\nPremiums are usually higher and early benefits may be halved.\nPrior conditions and related complications may still be excluded.\nGroup cover through work can be an alternative route.\nThe order to try\nAttempt standard underwriting, request pre-assessment, consider group cover, and only then compare relaxed-underwriting products — weighing the higher premium and any reduced-benefit period against a larger savings reserve.","url":"/en/insurance/relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Savings-type, annuity, and education insurance","plainText":"Savings-type life, private annuity, and education insurance combine protection with accumulation, but returns are conditional, liquidity is low, and early surrender can lose money — compare them with NISA, iDeCo, and deposits before buying.\nProtection-plus-savings designs, illustrations, liquidity, surrender risk, and alternatives.\nJudge the guaranteed values, not only the illustrated “return rate.”\nForeign-currency designs add exchange-rate and spread risk.\nEducation insurance adds premium waiver but limits liquidity and growth.\nCore protection and emergency savings should usually come first.\nCompare before committing capital\nA published illustration depends on age, premium period, surrender date, currency, and assumptions and is not a quote for you. Compare liquidity, fees, guarantees, inflation, and tax with NISA, iDeCo, and deposits before locking money into a low-liquidity contract.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Savings-type life, private annuity, and education insurance combine protection with accumulation, but returns are conditional, liquidity is low, and early surrender can lose money — compare them with NISA, iDeCo, and deposits before buying.\nProtection-plus-savings designs, illustrations, liquidity, surrender risk, and alternatives.\nJudge the guaranteed values, not only the illustrated “return rate.”\nForeign-currency designs add exchange-rate and spread risk.\nEducation insurance adds premium waiver but limits liquidity and growth.\nCore protection and emergency savings should usually come first.\nCompare before committing capital\nA published illustration depends on age, premium period, surrender date, currency, and assumptions and is not a quote for you. Compare liquidity, fees, guarantees, inflation, and tax with NISA, iDeCo, and deposits before locking money into a low-liquidity contract.","url":"/en/insurance/savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:car-insurance-coverage-builder-japan:en","entityId":"guide:car-insurance-coverage-builder-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to build car insurance coverage","plainText":"A robust voluntary auto design normally sets third-party bodily-injury and property liability to unlimited, adds personal-injury protection and legal expense, then chooses vehicle-damage cover and driver scope to fit the car and household.\nLiability, personal injury, vehicle damage, driver scope, deductibles, legal, and roadside.\nCALI alone is not adequate — it covers only limited victim bodily injury.\nSet third-party liability unlimited; severe liability can exceed any cap.\nChoose vehicle-damage cover by car value and ability to replace it.\nDriver scope, age conditions, and commercial use must match reality.\nBuild from the gaps, not the price\nStart with liability above CALI limits, then add personal injury for occupants, choose vehicle damage by value and deductible, add legal expense because fault disputes can exceed insurer negotiation, and confirm who will drive and any commuting or delivery use.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/car-insurance-coverage-builder-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:auto-insurance-japan","guide:insurance-single-employee-20s-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jidosha/anzen/04relief/jibai/insurance.html","official":true},{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jidosha/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"A robust voluntary auto design normally sets third-party bodily-injury and property liability to unlimited, adds personal-injury protection and legal expense, then chooses vehicle-damage cover and driver scope to fit the car and household.\nLiability, personal injury, vehicle damage, driver scope, deductibles, legal, and roadside.\nCALI alone is not adequate — it covers only limited victim bodily injury.\nSet third-party liability unlimited; severe liability can exceed any cap.\nChoose vehicle-damage cover by car value and ability to replace it.\nDriver scope, age conditions, and commercial use must match reality.\nBuild from the gaps, not the price\nStart with liability above CALI limits, then add personal injury for occupants, choose vehicle damage by value and deductible, add legal expense because fault disputes can exceed insurer negotiation, and confirm who will drive and any commuting or delivery use.","url":"/en/insurance/car-insurance-coverage-builder-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:bicycle-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:bicycle-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Bicycle insurance","plainText":"Bicycle insurance usually provides personal liability for injury or property damage caused while cycling; Tokyo and many other jurisdictions require applicable cyclists to hold liability cover, but you may already have it through auto, fire, card, or cooperative policies.\nLiability, own injury, legal support, municipal requirements, and duplicate coverage.\nLiability is the core need — a child’s accident can cause large claims.\nTokyo and many prefectures mandate bicycle liability cover.\nCheck auto, fire, renter, card, and cooperative personal-liability riders first.\nOwn-injury, legal expense, and roadside service are optional add-ons.\nAvoid paying twice\nBefore buying a standalone bicycle policy, check whether a household personal-liability rider on your auto, fire, renter, card, employer, school, or cooperative cover already satisfies the local requirement.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/bicycle-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Government","url":"https://www.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Bicycle insurance usually provides personal liability for injury or property damage caused while cycling; Tokyo and many other jurisdictions require applicable cyclists to hold liability cover, but you may already have it through auto, fire, card, or cooperative policies.\nLiability, own injury, legal support, municipal requirements, and duplicate coverage.\nLiability is the core need — a child’s accident can cause large claims.\nTokyo and many prefectures mandate bicycle liability cover.\nCheck auto, fire, renter, card, and cooperative personal-liability riders first.\nOwn-injury, legal expense, and roadside service are optional add-ons.\nAvoid paying twice\nBefore buying a standalone bicycle policy, check whether a household personal-liability rider on your auto, fire, renter, card, employer, school, or cooperative cover already satisfies the local requirement.","url":"/en/insurance/bicycle-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Personal liability insurance","plainText":"Personal liability covers legal liability arising from daily life — a child breaking property, a cycling accident, or certain water-leak claims — and one household policy or rider is often enough for the whole family.\nHousehold coverage for bicycles, children, pets, water damage, and exclusions.\nOne household policy usually covers all family members.\nIt is commonly attached as a cheap rider to auto, fire, or card cover.\nBusiness activities, professional liability, and intentional acts are excluded.\nConfirm the household definition and any liability to household members.\nOne rider, whole household\nBecause personal-liability riders are cheap and broad, most families need only one — but confirm the household definition, the limit, whether legal support is included, and that it covers bicycle and pet-related liability.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/personal-liability-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:bicycle-insurance-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Personal liability covers legal liability arising from daily life — a child breaking property, a cycling accident, or certain water-leak claims — and one household policy or rider is often enough for the whole family.\nHousehold coverage for bicycles, children, pets, water damage, and exclusions.\nOne household policy usually covers all family members.\nIt is commonly attached as a cheap rider to auto, fire, or card cover.\nBusiness activities, professional liability, and intentional acts are excluded.\nConfirm the household definition and any liability to household members.\nOne rider, whole household\nBecause personal-liability riders are cheap and broad, most families need only one — but confirm the household definition, the limit, whether legal support is included, and that it covers bicycle and pet-related liability.","url":"/en/insurance/personal-liability-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:fire-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:fire-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fire insurance","plainText":"Fire insurance covers selected risks such as fire, lightning, wind, and water damage, but flood, accidental damage, and earthquake are separate modules — and earthquake-caused fire is not covered by fire insurance alone.\nCovered events, optional modules, exclusions, deductibles, and valuation.\nCoverage is modular — flood and accidental damage may be excluded by default.\nInsure the building at rebuilding cost, not land or resale value.\nContents cover should reflect current replacement value by room.\nEarthquake loss requires a separate earthquake endorsement.\nChoose modules to your hazard\nCheck flood, storm-surge, landslide, and river risk on the hazard map and decide whether to include flood and accidental damage. Confirm deductibles and how the building and contents are valued before comparing price.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/fire-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-earthquake-insurance-japan","guide:fire-vs-earthquake-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Fire insurance covers selected risks such as fire, lightning, wind, and water damage, but flood, accidental damage, and earthquake are separate modules — and earthquake-caused fire is not covered by fire insurance alone.\nCovered events, optional modules, exclusions, deductibles, and valuation.\nCoverage is modular — flood and accidental damage may be excluded by default.\nInsure the building at rebuilding cost, not land or resale value.\nContents cover should reflect current replacement value by room.\nEarthquake loss requires a separate earthquake endorsement.\nChoose modules to your hazard\nCheck flood, storm-surge, landslide, and river risk on the hazard map and decide whether to include flood and accidental damage. Confirm deductibles and how the building and contents are valued before comparing price.","url":"/en/insurance/fire-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:earthquake-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:earthquake-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Earthquake insurance","plainText":"Earthquake insurance is a government-backed cover attached to fire insurance; it is capped at 30%–50% of the fire amount (up to ¥50 million for a building and ¥10 million for contents) and pays by statutory damage categories, so it supports recovery rather than full rebuilding.\nAttachment to fire policies, insured amounts, damage categories, and the public-private structure.\nIt cannot be bought alone — it attaches to a fire policy.\nFire insurance does not cover earthquake-caused fire; this does.\nThe amount is limited relative to the fire-insurance amount.\nClaims use statutory loss categories, not full repair-cost adjustment.\nWhat it is designed to do\nEarthquake insurance is financial-relief insurance for restarting life after a quake, eruption, or tsunami — not a guarantee of full reconstruction. A municipal disaster certificate is generally not required merely to file the claim.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/earthquake-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fire-insurance-japan","guide:fire-vs-earthquake-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Finance","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/policy/financial_system/earthquake_insurance/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Earthquake Reinsurance Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.nihonjishin.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Earthquake insurance is a government-backed cover attached to fire insurance; it is capped at 30%–50% of the fire amount (up to ¥50 million for a building and ¥10 million for contents) and pays by statutory damage categories, so it supports recovery rather than full rebuilding.\nAttachment to fire policies, insured amounts, damage categories, and the public-private structure.\nIt cannot be bought alone — it attaches to a fire policy.\nFire insurance does not cover earthquake-caused fire; this does.\nThe amount is limited relative to the fire-insurance amount.\nClaims use statutory loss categories, not full repair-cost adjustment.\nWhat it is designed to do\nEarthquake insurance is financial-relief insurance for restarting life after a quake, eruption, or tsunami — not a guarantee of full reconstruction. A municipal disaster certificate is generally not required merely to file the claim.","url":"/en/insurance/earthquake-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:renter-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:renter-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Renter insurance","plainText":"Renter insurance combines contents cover, tenant liability to the landlord, and personal liability; most tenancies require it, and you should verify the landlord-required limits and avoid duplicating a personal-liability rider you already hold.\nContents, tenant liability, personal liability, restoration, and landlord requirements.\nContents cover alone does not pay for damage to the landlord’s building.\nTenant liability addresses specified damage owed under the tenancy.\nPersonal liability covers everyday third-party claims like water leaks.\nEarthquake contents can be added via an endorsement.\nThree covers, not one\nSeparate contents (your belongings), tenant liability (damage you owe the landlord), and personal liability (harm to others). Confirm the landlord’s required limit and whether an existing personal-liability rider makes part of the package redundant.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/renter-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:insurance-renters-japan","guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Renter insurance combines contents cover, tenant liability to the landlord, and personal liability; most tenancies require it, and you should verify the landlord-required limits and avoid duplicating a personal-liability rider you already hold.\nContents, tenant liability, personal liability, restoration, and landlord requirements.\nContents cover alone does not pay for damage to the landlord’s building.\nTenant liability addresses specified damage owed under the tenancy.\nPersonal liability covers everyday third-party claims like water leaks.\nEarthquake contents can be added via an endorsement.\nThree covers, not one\nSeparate contents (your belongings), tenant liability (damage you owe the landlord), and personal liability (harm to others). Confirm the landlord’s required limit and whether an existing personal-liability rider makes part of the package redundant.","url":"/en/insurance/renter-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:travel-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:travel-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Travel insurance","plainText":"Travel insurance covers overseas medical treatment, emergency evacuation, cancellation, liability, and baggage; choose limits by destination and risk — high foreign medical and evacuation costs can be catastrophic, so do not rely on card cover unless verified.\nMedical, evacuation, cancellation, liability, baggage, delays, and assistance.\nMedical and evacuation limits matter most in high-cost destinations.\nPre-existing conditions and routine pregnancy are usually excluded.\nCancellation requires a listed insured reason, not a change of mind.\nCard travel cover may be secondary, limited, or usage-triggered.\nPick limits by destination\nA ¥3 million medical limit may be inadequate where care is expensive or evacuation is needed. Match limits to the destination and activities, and treat card insurance as a supplement to verify before each trip, not a substitute.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/travel-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:credit-card-travel-insurance-japan","guide:travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Travel insurance covers overseas medical treatment, emergency evacuation, cancellation, liability, and baggage; choose limits by destination and risk — high foreign medical and evacuation costs can be catastrophic, so do not rely on card cover unless verified.\nMedical, evacuation, cancellation, liability, baggage, delays, and assistance.\nMedical and evacuation limits matter most in high-cost destinations.\nPre-existing conditions and routine pregnancy are usually excluded.\nCancellation requires a listed insured reason, not a change of mind.\nCard travel cover may be secondary, limited, or usage-triggered.\nPick limits by destination\nA ¥3 million medical limit may be inadequate where care is expensive or evacuation is needed. Match limits to the destination and activities, and treat card insurance as a supplement to verify before each trip, not a substitute.","url":"/en/insurance/travel-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:credit-card-travel-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:credit-card-travel-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Credit-card travel insurance","plainText":"Card travel insurance may be automatic or usage-triggered, cover only the cardholder, impose low medical limits, and omit cancellation; verify the current certificate before every trip because issuers change activation rules and limits independently of your plans.\nAutomatic vs usage-triggered coverage, medical limits, activation, and family coverage.\nUsage-triggered cover applies only if a qualifying travel cost is paid with the card.\nMedical limits can be far lower than a standalone travel policy.\nFamily members may not be covered — check the certificate.\nBenefits can change: verify before each trip, not at card issuance.\nRead the certificate before each trip\nCheck activation (which purchase triggers cover), insured persons, trip-duration limit, overseas medical and evacuation limits, and whether cancellation is included. Where card limits are low, buy a standalone policy for the gap.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/credit-card-travel-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:travel-insurance-japan","guide:travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Card travel insurance may be automatic or usage-triggered, cover only the cardholder, impose low medical limits, and omit cancellation; verify the current certificate before every trip because issuers change activation rules and limits independently of your plans.\nAutomatic vs usage-triggered coverage, medical limits, activation, and family coverage.\nUsage-triggered cover applies only if a qualifying travel cost is paid with the card.\nMedical limits can be far lower than a standalone travel policy.\nFamily members may not be covered — check the certificate.\nBenefits can change: verify before each trip, not at card issuance.\nRead the certificate before each trip\nCheck activation (which purchase triggers cover), insured persons, trip-duration limit, overseas medical and evacuation limits, and whether cancellation is included. Where card limits are low, buy a standalone policy for the gap.","url":"/en/insurance/credit-card-travel-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:pet-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:pet-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Pet insurance","plainText":"Pet insurance reimburses eligible veterinary costs at a set percentage (commonly 50% or 70%), subject to entry-age limits, illness and cancer waiting periods, annual and daily limits, deductibles, and exclusion of pre-existing conditions.\nReimbursement, limits, deductibles, age, waiting periods, and exclusions.\nEnroll before conditions develop — pre-existing illness is excluded.\nCompare reimbursement %, annual and daily limits, and deductibles together.\nWaiting periods (often 30 days illness, 90 days cancer) vary by insurer.\nDirect veterinary settlement is convenient but not universal.\n50% vs 70% and the fine print\nA 70% plan is not automatically better than 50%: weigh the premium, deductible, annual limit, age-based repricing, covered conditions, and claim frequency. Compare pet insurance against a dedicated veterinary savings reserve.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/pet-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan","guide:insurance-pet-owners-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Pet insurance reimburses eligible veterinary costs at a set percentage (commonly 50% or 70%), subject to entry-age limits, illness and cancer waiting periods, annual and daily limits, deductibles, and exclusion of pre-existing conditions.\nReimbursement, limits, deductibles, age, waiting periods, and exclusions.\nEnroll before conditions develop — pre-existing illness is excluded.\nCompare reimbursement %, annual and daily limits, and deductibles together.\nWaiting periods (often 30 days illness, 90 days cancer) vary by insurer.\nDirect veterinary settlement is convenient but not universal.\n50% vs 70% and the fine print\nA 70% plan is not automatically better than 50%: weigh the premium, deductible, annual limit, age-based repricing, covered conditions, and claim frequency. Compare pet insurance against a dedicated veterinary savings reserve.","url":"/en/insurance/pet-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:device-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:device-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Smartphone and device insurance","plainText":"Device insurance repairs or replaces a phone after accidental damage, malfunction, water damage, or theft depending on the plan; “loss” is only covered if expressly included, and manufacturer, carrier, card, or home cover may already overlap.\nDamage, malfunction, water, theft, loss, deductibles, and duplicate coverage.\nMany plans distinguish documented theft from unexplained loss.\nDeductibles, device age, and replacement valuation limit the payout.\nCarrier, card, and home policies may already cover theft or damage.\nCosmetic damage, batteries, and accessories are often excluded.\nCheck for overlap first\nBefore buying device insurance, check whether your carrier plan, credit-card purchase protection, or home-contents policy already covers accidental damage or theft, and confirm exactly what “loss” means in the plan.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/device-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:duplicate-coverage-japan","guide:how-insurance-works-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Device insurance repairs or replaces a phone after accidental damage, malfunction, water damage, or theft depending on the plan; “loss” is only covered if expressly included, and manufacturer, carrier, card, or home cover may already overlap.\nDamage, malfunction, water, theft, loss, deductibles, and duplicate coverage.\nMany plans distinguish documented theft from unexplained loss.\nDeductibles, device age, and replacement valuation limit the payout.\nCarrier, card, and home policies may already cover theft or damage.\nCosmetic damage, batteries, and accessories are often excluded.\nCheck for overlap first\nBefore buying device insurance, check whether your carrier plan, credit-card purchase protection, or home-contents policy already covers accidental damage or theft, and confirm exactly what “loss” means in the plan.","url":"/en/insurance/device-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:freelancer-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:freelancer-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance for freelancers","plainText":"Freelancers lack employer sickness allowance, paid leave, unemployment insurance, and ordinary workers’ compensation, so they usually need a larger emergency fund plus income protection, professional liability, and — since 2024 — special workers’ compensation enrollment where eligible.\nIncome, liability, cyber, equipment, workers’ compensation, and business interruption.\nNo employer sickness allowance — the short-term income gap is larger.\nSince 2024, qualifying freelance work can join workers’ compensation via approved bodies.\nProfessional liability, cyber, and equipment cover fit client and data risk.\nA larger emergency fund often beats stacking small policies.\nLayer public, savings, then private\nConfirm NHI, National Pension, and high-cost medical cover, size an emergency fund for the sickness-income gap, investigate special workers’ compensation enrollment, then add income protection, professional liability, cyber, and business-interruption cover as the work requires.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/freelancer-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:insurance-freelancers-japan","guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/tokubetu.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Freelancers lack employer sickness allowance, paid leave, unemployment insurance, and ordinary workers’ compensation, so they usually need a larger emergency fund plus income protection, professional liability, and — since 2024 — special workers’ compensation enrollment where eligible.\nIncome, liability, cyber, equipment, workers’ compensation, and business interruption.\nNo employer sickness allowance — the short-term income gap is larger.\nSince 2024, qualifying freelance work can join workers’ compensation via approved bodies.\nProfessional liability, cyber, and equipment cover fit client and data risk.\nA larger emergency fund often beats stacking small policies.\nLayer public, savings, then private\nConfirm NHI, National Pension, and high-cost medical cover, size an emergency fund for the sickness-income gap, investigate special workers’ compensation enrollment, then add income protection, professional liability, cyber, and business-interruption cover as the work requires.","url":"/en/insurance/freelancer-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:small-business-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:small-business-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance for small businesses","plainText":"A small business should first meet statutory employee obligations, then insure catastrophic liability, premises and property, business continuity, cyber and data, and key people — matching cover to industry, turnover, contracts, and data exposure.\nProperty, liability, cyber, interruption, employee, key-person, and directors’ cover.\nStatutory employee schemes come before optional commercial cover.\nCatastrophic third-party and product liability rank high.\nCyber, business interruption, and key-person cover fit continuity risk.\nCover must match contracts customers and lenders require.\nInsure in priority order\nCover statutory employee obligations, then catastrophic liability, premises and property, business continuity, cyber and data, key people, and finally risks required by customer contracts or lenders. A broker helps for bespoke or multinational exposure.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/small-business-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:freelancer-insurance-japan","guide:mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"A small business should first meet statutory employee obligations, then insure catastrophic liability, premises and property, business continuity, cyber and data, and key people — matching cover to industry, turnover, contracts, and data exposure.\nProperty, liability, cyber, interruption, employee, key-person, and directors’ cover.\nStatutory employee schemes come before optional commercial cover.\nCatastrophic third-party and product liability rank high.\nCyber, business interruption, and key-person cover fit continuity risk.\nCover must match contracts customers and lenders require.\nInsure in priority order\nCover statutory employee obligations, then catastrophic liability, premises and property, business continuity, cyber and data, key people, and finally risks required by customer contracts or lenders. A broker helps for bespoke or multinational exposure.","url":"/en/insurance/small-business-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:duplicate-coverage-japan:en","entityId":"guide:duplicate-coverage-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Finding and removing duplicate insurance","plainText":"Personal-liability, bicycle, travel, and device coverage are frequently duplicated across auto, fire, card, employer, and cooperative policies; a quick inventory can cancel redundant riders without losing real protection.\nRepeated liability, bicycle, travel, device, employer, and card coverage.\nPersonal-liability riders are the most commonly duplicated cover.\nCard and employer benefits often overlap travel and device cover.\nDuplication rarely pays twice — it usually just wastes premium.\nKeep one adequate policy per risk and cancel the rest.\nMake a one-page inventory\nList every policy, rider, card benefit, and employer or cooperative cover against the risk it addresses. Where two cover the same liability, keep the one with the better limit and terms and cancel the duplicate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/duplicate-coverage-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:annual-insurance-review-japan","guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Personal-liability, bicycle, travel, and device coverage are frequently duplicated across auto, fire, card, employer, and cooperative policies; a quick inventory can cancel redundant riders without losing real protection.\nRepeated liability, bicycle, travel, device, employer, and card coverage.\nPersonal-liability riders are the most commonly duplicated cover.\nCard and employer benefits often overlap travel and device cover.\nDuplication rarely pays twice — it usually just wastes premium.\nKeep one adequate policy per risk and cancel the rest.\nMake a one-page inventory\nList every policy, rider, card benefit, and employer or cooperative cover against the risk it addresses. Where two cover the same liability, keep the one with the better limit and terms and cancel the duplicate.","url":"/en/insurance/duplicate-coverage-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan:en","entityId":"guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Term life vs whole life","plainText":"Term costs less for a temporary income need and usually has no cash value; whole life costs more but continues for life and may build surrender value — most households use large term for dependent years plus a small permanent policy only if a lifelong need exists.\nPurpose, premium, renewal, cash value, and cost over time for each design.\nTerm: low premium, fixed period, little cash value, age-based renewal.\nWhole life: higher premium, lifelong, possible surrender value.\nThe cheapest first-year premium can be the costliest over time.\nLarge term + small permanent is a common efficient structure.\nCompare cost over the whole horizon\nDo not compare only the first-year premium. Model the total cost over the period you actually need cover, including renewal repricing for term and the guaranteed surrender value for whole life, and match each to a temporary or permanent need.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/term-vs-whole-life-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:term-life-insurance-japan","guide:whole-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Term costs less for a temporary income need and usually has no cash value; whole life costs more but continues for life and may build surrender value — most households use large term for dependent years plus a small permanent policy only if a lifelong need exists.\nPurpose, premium, renewal, cash value, and cost over time for each design.\nTerm: low premium, fixed period, little cash value, age-based renewal.\nWhole life: higher premium, lifelong, possible surrender value.\nThe cheapest first-year premium can be the costliest over time.\nLarge term + small permanent is a common efficient structure.\nCompare cost over the whole horizon\nDo not compare only the first-year premium. Model the total cost over the period you actually need cover, including renewal repricing for term and the guaranteed surrender value for whole life, and match each to a temporary or permanent need.","url":"/en/insurance/term-vs-whole-life-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:fire-vs-earthquake-japan:en","entityId":"guide:fire-vs-earthquake-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fire insurance vs earthquake insurance","plainText":"Fire insurance covers fire and selected perils but not earthquake-caused fire; earthquake insurance attaches to a fire policy, is capped at 30%–50% of the fire amount, and pays by statutory damage categories — together they still may not fully rebuild a home.\nTrigger events, limits, earthquake fire, tsunami, and rebuilding gaps.\nFire insurance does not cover earthquake, eruption, or tsunami loss.\nEarthquake fire needs earthquake insurance, not fire insurance.\nEarthquake amounts are capped relative to the fire amount.\nNeither guarantees full reconstruction after a major event.\nWhy you usually need both\nFire insurance handles everyday property perils; earthquake insurance handles the seismic loss fire policies exclude. Decide the earthquake amount, understand the statutory damage grades, and plan savings for the reconstruction gap the caps leave.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/fire-vs-earthquake-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fire-insurance-japan","guide:earthquake-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Finance","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/policy/financial_system/earthquake_insurance/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Fire insurance covers fire and selected perils but not earthquake-caused fire; earthquake insurance attaches to a fire policy, is capped at 30%–50% of the fire amount, and pays by statutory damage categories — together they still may not fully rebuild a home.\nTrigger events, limits, earthquake fire, tsunami, and rebuilding gaps.\nFire insurance does not cover earthquake, eruption, or tsunami loss.\nEarthquake fire needs earthquake insurance, not fire insurance.\nEarthquake amounts are capped relative to the fire amount.\nNeither guarantees full reconstruction after a major event.\nWhy you usually need both\nFire insurance handles everyday property perils; earthquake insurance handles the seismic loss fire policies exclude. Decide the earthquake amount, understand the statutory damage grades, and plan savings for the reconstruction gap the caps leave.","url":"/en/insurance/fire-vs-earthquake-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Travel insurance vs credit-card insurance","plainText":"Standalone travel insurance offers higher, predictable medical and evacuation limits and cancellation cover; card insurance is convenient but may be usage-triggered, cardholder-only, capped low, and changeable — use card cover as a supplement you verify each trip.\nActivation, limits, duration, family coverage, cancellation, and gaps.\nStandalone policies usually have higher medical and evacuation limits.\nCard cover may require a qualifying purchase to activate.\nFamily members and cancellation may be missing from card cover.\nCard benefits change — verify the certificate before each trip.\nUse both, but verify\nCheck the card certificate for activation, insured persons, and limits, then buy a standalone policy for the gap — especially medical, evacuation, and cancellation in high-cost destinations.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:travel-insurance-japan","guide:credit-card-travel-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Standalone travel insurance offers higher, predictable medical and evacuation limits and cancellation cover; card insurance is convenient but may be usage-triggered, cardholder-only, capped low, and changeable — use card cover as a supplement you verify each trip.\nActivation, limits, duration, family coverage, cancellation, and gaps.\nStandalone policies usually have higher medical and evacuation limits.\nCard cover may require a qualifying purchase to activate.\nFamily members and cancellation may be missing from card cover.\nCard benefits change — verify the certificate before each trip.\nUse both, but verify\nCheck the card certificate for activation, insured persons, and limits, then buy a standalone policy for the gap — especially medical, evacuation, and cancellation in high-cost destinations.","url":"/en/insurance/travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan:en","entityId":"guide:savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Savings insurance vs NISA","plainText":"Savings insurance bundles modest death protection with low-liquidity accumulation and surrender risk; NISA offers flexible, tax-free investment growth without protection — for most people, separating cheap term life from NISA investing is clearer and cheaper.\nLiquidity, guarantees, investment risk, tax treatment, and death protection.\nNISA gains are tax-free and the money stays liquid.\nSavings insurance can lose money on early surrender.\nInsurance adds death protection; NISA does not.\nSeparating term life from investing is usually more transparent.\nProtection and growth are different jobs\nCompare guaranteed values, fees, liquidity, and tax. If you need death cover, buy term life; if you want growth, invest through NISA or iDeCo. Bundle them only for a narrow, well-understood guarantee or estate objective.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan","guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Savings insurance bundles modest death protection with low-liquidity accumulation and surrender risk; NISA offers flexible, tax-free investment growth without protection — for most people, separating cheap term life from NISA investing is clearer and cheaper.\nLiquidity, guarantees, investment risk, tax treatment, and death protection.\nNISA gains are tax-free and the money stays liquid.\nSavings insurance can lose money on early surrender.\nInsurance adds death protection; NISA does not.\nSeparating term life from investing is usually more transparent.\nProtection and growth are different jobs\nCompare guaranteed values, fees, liquidity, and tax. If you need death cover, buy term life; if you want growth, invest through NISA or iDeCo. Bundle them only for a narrow, well-understood guarantee or estate objective.","url":"/en/insurance/savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Buying direct vs through an agent","plainText":"Direct online insurers suit straightforward term, auto, travel, pet, or medical needs and confident Japanese readers; agents and multi-insurer agencies help with medical underwriting, family protection, and complex planning — but their product set and incentives should be checked.\nPricing, advice, servicing, claims, and complexity across channels.\nDirect: fast quotes, transparent options, but limited human advice.\nSingle-insurer agent: deep service, restricted product set.\nMulti-insurer agency: compares outcomes, but not the whole market.\nAsk which insurers are represented and how commissions work.\nMatch the channel to the decision\nUse direct channels for simple, well-defined cover you can compare yourself. Use an agency for medical underwriting, family protection, or estate planning — and ask for a written comparison and the basis of any recommendation.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","guide:mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Direct online insurers suit straightforward term, auto, travel, pet, or medical needs and confident Japanese readers; agents and multi-insurer agencies help with medical underwriting, family protection, and complex planning — but their product set and incentives should be checked.\nPricing, advice, servicing, claims, and complexity across channels.\nDirect: fast quotes, transparent options, but limited human advice.\nSingle-insurer agent: deep service, restricted product set.\nMulti-insurer agency: compares outcomes, but not the whole market.\nAsk which insurers are represented and how commissions work.\nMatch the channel to the decision\nUse direct channels for simple, well-defined cover you can compare yourself. Use an agency for medical underwriting, family protection, or estate planning — and ask for a written comparison and the basis of any recommendation.","url":"/en/insurance/direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mutual aid (kyosai) vs commercial insurance","plainText":"Mutual aid (JA, CO-OP, Kokumin, prefectural kyosai) often offers simple, lower-cost benefits but with lower ceilings and different regulation; a cooperative benefit is not automatically interchangeable with an insurance-company policy, so compare eligibility, ceilings, continuation, and the protection framework.\nEligibility, premiums, benefits, continuation, regulation, and protection.\nKyosai benefits and maximums can be lower than customized insurance.\nEligibility may depend on residence, workplace, or cooperative membership.\nContinuation after leaving the group must be checked.\nCooperative contracts are not automatically under the standard policyholder-protection corporation.\nCompare governance and ceilings\nCompare governance, eligibility, surplus treatment, benefit ceilings, continuation rules, and the applicable protection framework. Kyosai can be excellent value for simple needs, but a larger or specialized risk may exceed its ceilings.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan","guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Mutual aid (JA, CO-OP, Kokumin, prefectural kyosai) often offers simple, lower-cost benefits but with lower ceilings and different regulation; a cooperative benefit is not automatically interchangeable with an insurance-company policy, so compare eligibility, ceilings, continuation, and the protection framework.\nEligibility, premiums, benefits, continuation, regulation, and protection.\nKyosai benefits and maximums can be lower than customized insurance.\nEligibility may depend on residence, workplace, or cooperative membership.\nContinuation after leaving the group must be checked.\nCooperative contracts are not automatically under the standard policyholder-protection corporation.\nCompare governance and ceilings\nCompare governance, eligibility, surplus treatment, benefit ceilings, continuation rules, and the applicable protection framework. Kyosai can be excellent value for simple needs, but a larger or specialized risk may exceed its ceilings.","url":"/en/insurance/mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan:en","entityId":"guide:pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Pet insurance vs a veterinary savings fund","plainText":"Pet insurance turns unpredictable veterinary bills into a premium but excludes pre-existing conditions and reprices with age; a dedicated savings fund is flexible and unconditional but may be exhausted by a single major surgery or cancer treatment.\nPredictable premiums, exclusions, age-based increases, and catastrophic treatment.\nInsurance helps most against rare, catastrophic treatment costs.\nPre-existing conditions and preventive care are excluded from insurance.\nPremiums rise with age; savings do not, but can run out.\nEnroll early if you want insurance — conditions cannot be added later.\nFrequency vs severity\nIf you can self-fund routine care but not a large surgery, a higher-limit plan or a substantial reserve matters more than covering small claims. Compare the annual cap, deductible, age repricing, and lifetime renewability against a dedicated fund.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pet-insurance-japan","guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Pet insurance turns unpredictable veterinary bills into a premium but excludes pre-existing conditions and reprices with age; a dedicated savings fund is flexible and unconditional but may be exhausted by a single major surgery or cancer treatment.\nPredictable premiums, exclusions, age-based increases, and catastrophic treatment.\nInsurance helps most against rare, catastrophic treatment costs.\nPre-existing conditions and preventive care are excluded from insurance.\nPremiums rise with age; savings do not, but can run out.\nEnroll early if you want insurance — conditions cannot be added later.\nFrequency vs severity\nIf you can self-fund routine care but not a large surgery, a higher-limit plan or a substantial reserve matters more than covering small claims. Compare the annual cap, deductible, age repricing, and lifetime renewability against a dedicated fund.","url":"/en/insurance/pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-single-employee-20s-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-single-employee-20s-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance for a single employee in their 20s","plainText":"A single employee usually already has strong public protection, so the priorities are an emergency fund, renter contents and personal liability, and modest income protection; life insurance is low priority without dependants or debt.\nExisting public benefits, emergency fund, renter, liability, and income protection.\nYou have health cover, high-cost benefit, sickness allowance, and pension disability protection.\nBuild an emergency fund before buying optional insurance.\nRenter contents and personal liability are cheap and useful.\nLife insurance is usually unnecessary without dependants or debt.\nPriority order\nEmergency fund first, then renter contents and personal liability, then travel insurance when relevant, then modest income protection if your savings cannot bridge the period after sickness allowance. Skip whole life and heavy medical riders.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-single-employee-20s-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:income-protection-japan","guide:insurance-renters-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Health Insurance Association","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"A single employee usually already has strong public protection, so the priorities are an emergency fund, renter contents and personal liability, and modest income protection; life insurance is low priority without dependants or debt.\nExisting public benefits, emergency fund, renter, liability, and income protection.\nYou have health cover, high-cost benefit, sickness allowance, and pension disability protection.\nBuild an emergency fund before buying optional insurance.\nRenter contents and personal liability are cheap and useful.\nLife insurance is usually unnecessary without dependants or debt.\nPriority order\nEmergency fund first, then renter contents and personal liability, then travel insurance when relevant, then modest income protection if your savings cannot bridge the period after sickness allowance. Skip whole life and heavy medical riders.","url":"/en/insurance/insurance-single-employee-20s-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-family-with-children-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-family-with-children-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance for families with children","plainText":"Families should size decreasing term or income-style death protection and disability cover against the years of lost earnings, education, and childcare after subtracting survivor pensions — then add comprehensive liability and home/earthquake cover; education insurance only after core protection.\nSurvivor pension, education, childcare, disability, term life, and home coverage.\nDeath protection should cover income, education, childcare, and debt to independence.\nEstimate survivor pensions before setting the insured amount.\nDisability cover can matter as much as death cover.\nAdd comprehensive personal liability and home/earthquake cover.\nSize against the real gap\nAdd debts, household income to independence, and education; subtract survivor pension, employer benefits, assets, and the surviving partner’s earnings. Buy education insurance only after core death, disability, liability, and home cover are in place.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-family-with-children-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","guide:term-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/seido/izokunenkin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Families should size decreasing term or income-style death protection and disability cover against the years of lost earnings, education, and childcare after subtracting survivor pensions — then add comprehensive liability and home/earthquake cover; education insurance only after core protection.\nSurvivor pension, education, childcare, disability, term life, and home coverage.\nDeath protection should cover income, education, childcare, and debt to independence.\nEstimate survivor pensions before setting the insured amount.\nDisability cover can matter as much as death cover.\nAdd comprehensive personal liability and home/earthquake cover.\nSize against the real gap\nAdd debts, household income to independence, and education; subtract survivor pension, employer benefits, assets, and the surviving partner’s earnings. Buy education insurance only after core death, disability, liability, and home cover are in place.","url":"/en/insurance/insurance-family-with-children-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-homeowners-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-homeowners-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance for homeowners","plainText":"Homeowners should confirm mortgage group credit life insurance, insure the building at rebuilding cost with realistic contents, decide earthquake and flood cover from the hazard map, and protect the income needed to keep paying the loan.\nMortgage life cover, rebuilding, earthquake, flood, contents, and income risk.\nConfirm whether the mortgage includes group credit life insurance.\nInsure the building at rebuilding cost, not land or resale value.\nDecide earthquake and flood cover from local hazard exposure.\nIncome protection keeps the loan serviceable after disability.\nLayer the property and income risks\nGroup credit life may clear the mortgage on death but not fund daily living. Add building and contents at realistic values, earthquake and flood where the hazard map warrants, personal liability, and income protection for disability.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-homeowners-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-earthquake-insurance-japan","guide:fire-vs-earthquake-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Finance","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/policy/financial_system/earthquake_insurance/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Homeowners should confirm mortgage group credit life insurance, insure the building at rebuilding cost with realistic contents, decide earthquake and flood cover from the hazard map, and protect the income needed to keep paying the loan.\nMortgage life cover, rebuilding, earthquake, flood, contents, and income risk.\nConfirm whether the mortgage includes group credit life insurance.\nInsure the building at rebuilding cost, not land or resale value.\nDecide earthquake and flood cover from local hazard exposure.\nIncome protection keeps the loan serviceable after disability.\nLayer the property and income risks\nGroup credit life may clear the mortgage on death but not fund daily living. Add building and contents at realistic values, earthquake and flood where the hazard map warrants, personal liability, and income protection for disability.","url":"/en/insurance/insurance-homeowners-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-renters-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-renters-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance for renters","plainText":"Renters mainly need contents cover, tenant liability to the landlord, and personal liability; add earthquake contents and check that a personal-liability rider is not duplicated across card or auto policies.\nContents, tenant liability, personal liability, bicycle, and earthquake coverage.\nContents cover protects your belongings, not the building.\nTenant liability covers damage you owe the landlord.\nPersonal liability covers everyday third-party claims.\nCheck for duplicate personal-liability riders before buying.\nConfirm the required limits\nConfirm the landlord’s required tenant-liability limit, add earthquake contents if you could not replace them after a quake, and avoid paying twice for personal liability you already hold elsewhere.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-renters-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:renter-insurance-japan","guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Renters mainly need contents cover, tenant liability to the landlord, and personal liability; add earthquake contents and check that a personal-liability rider is not duplicated across card or auto policies.\nContents, tenant liability, personal liability, bicycle, and earthquake coverage.\nContents cover protects your belongings, not the building.\nTenant liability covers damage you owe the landlord.\nPersonal liability covers everyday third-party claims.\nCheck for duplicate personal-liability riders before buying.\nConfirm the required limits\nConfirm the landlord’s required tenant-liability limit, add earthquake contents if you could not replace them after a quake, and avoid paying twice for personal liability you already hold elsewhere.","url":"/en/insurance/insurance-renters-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-freelancers-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-freelancers-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance for freelancers","plainText":"Freelancers have NHI, National Pension, and high-cost medical cover but no employer sickness allowance, paid leave, unemployment insurance, or ordinary workers’ compensation — so a larger emergency fund, income protection, special workers’ compensation, and professional/cyber cover become important.\nMissing employer benefits, income protection, workers’ compensation, and professional risk.\nNo sickness allowance means a bigger short-term income gap.\nSpecial workers’ compensation enrollment may be available since 2024.\nProfessional liability and cyber cover fit client and data risk.\nA larger emergency fund is often the highest-value step.\nFill the employer-benefit gaps\nMap the benefits an employee would have and replace the important ones: an emergency fund for the sickness-income gap, income protection, special workers’ compensation where eligible, and professional, cyber, equipment, and business-interruption cover as the work requires.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-freelancers-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:freelancer-insurance-japan","guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/tokubetu.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Freelancers have NHI, National Pension, and high-cost medical cover but no employer sickness allowance, paid leave, unemployment insurance, or ordinary workers’ compensation — so a larger emergency fund, income protection, special workers’ compensation, and professional/cyber cover become important.\nMissing employer benefits, income protection, workers’ compensation, and professional risk.\nNo sickness allowance means a bigger short-term income gap.\nSpecial workers’ compensation enrollment may be available since 2024.\nProfessional liability and cyber cover fit client and data risk.\nA larger emergency fund is often the highest-value step.\nFill the employer-benefit gaps\nMap the benefits an employee would have and replace the important ones: an emergency fund for the sickness-income gap, income protection, special workers’ compensation where eligible, and professional, cyber, equipment, and business-interruption cover as the work requires.","url":"/en/insurance/insurance-freelancers-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-retirees-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-retirees-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance for retirees","plainText":"Retirees have public health, high-cost benefit, pension, and long-term-care cover; the priorities are a cash reserve and care plan, home/contents/liability cover, limited permanent life only for a defined need, and scrutiny of annuity and foreign-currency sales.\nPublic medical care, long-term care, permanent life, annuities, and fraud risk.\nLong-term care, food, and housing costs are not fully covered publicly.\nPermanent life only for a defined need such as estate liquidity.\nScrutinize annuity and foreign-currency products for fees and risk.\nWatch for high-pressure and fraudulent sales.\nPlan care and liquidity, not products\nBuild a cash reserve, plan for care and home adaptation, keep home/contents/liability cover, and use permanent life only for a specific inheritance or funeral need. Compare any annuity or foreign-currency proposal against deposits and public benefits first.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-retirees-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:long-term-care-insurance-japan","guide:savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/hukushi_kaigo/kaigo_koureisha/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Retirees have public health, high-cost benefit, pension, and long-term-care cover; the priorities are a cash reserve and care plan, home/contents/liability cover, limited permanent life only for a defined need, and scrutiny of annuity and foreign-currency sales.\nPublic medical care, long-term care, permanent life, annuities, and fraud risk.\nLong-term care, food, and housing costs are not fully covered publicly.\nPermanent life only for a defined need such as estate liquidity.\nScrutinize annuity and foreign-currency products for fees and risk.\nWatch for high-pressure and fraudulent sales.\nPlan care and liquidity, not products\nBuild a cash reserve, plan for care and home adaptation, keep home/contents/liability cover, and use permanent life only for a specific inheritance or funeral need. Compare any annuity or foreign-currency proposal against deposits and public benefits first.","url":"/en/insurance/insurance-retirees-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-foreign-residents-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-foreign-residents-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance for foreign residents","plainText":"Foreign residents use the same public systems when eligible; the extra risks are enrollment errors, misunderstood exclusions, inability to reach claims desks, and departure — so favor bilingual assistance, simple products, translated summaries, and written confirmation of residence and departure rules.\nPublic enrollment, language support, residency rules, beneficiaries, and departure.\nEnglish customer service does not always mean an English contract.\nNever sign a declaration you do not understand.\nConfirm in writing whether a policy continues after you leave Japan.\nKeep enrollment and contribution records for pension and health cover.\nComprehension and departure matter most\nUse an employer benefits team, municipal multilingual desk, an insurer with documented interpreter or English claims support, and a bilingual adviser. Before leaving Japan, get written answers on continuation, premium payment, notices, and claims for every policy.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-foreign-residents-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","guide:pension-for-foreign-residents-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Foreign residents use the same public systems when eligible; the extra risks are enrollment errors, misunderstood exclusions, inability to reach claims desks, and departure — so favor bilingual assistance, simple products, translated summaries, and written confirmation of residence and departure rules.\nPublic enrollment, language support, residency rules, beneficiaries, and departure.\nEnglish customer service does not always mean an English contract.\nNever sign a declaration you do not understand.\nConfirm in writing whether a policy continues after you leave Japan.\nKeep enrollment and contribution records for pension and health cover.\nComprehension and departure matter most\nUse an employer benefits team, municipal multilingual desk, an insurer with documented interpreter or English claims support, and a bilingual adviser. Before leaving Japan, get written answers on continuation, premium payment, notices, and claims for every policy.","url":"/en/insurance/insurance-foreign-residents-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-pet-owners-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-pet-owners-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance for pet owners","plainText":"Pet owners face large surgery, cancer, and chronic-illness costs with no public veterinary insurance; compare pet insurance against a dedicated reserve, and enroll before conditions develop if you want insurance, because pre-existing illness is excluded.\nPet insurance, emergency fund, age, breed, and expected veterinary costs.\nThere is no public veterinary insurance in Japan.\nInsurance helps most against rare, catastrophic treatment.\nEnroll early — pre-existing conditions are excluded.\nCompare reimbursement %, limits, deductibles, and age repricing.\nInsurance or a reserve\nIf you could self-fund routine care but not a major surgery, prioritize a higher annual limit or a substantial reserve over covering small claims. Enroll while the pet is young and healthy if you choose insurance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-pet-owners-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pet-insurance-japan","guide:pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Pet owners face large surgery, cancer, and chronic-illness costs with no public veterinary insurance; compare pet insurance against a dedicated reserve, and enroll before conditions develop if you want insurance, because pre-existing illness is excluded.\nPet insurance, emergency fund, age, breed, and expected veterinary costs.\nThere is no public veterinary insurance in Japan.\nInsurance helps most against rare, catastrophic treatment.\nEnroll early — pre-existing conditions are excluded.\nCompare reimbursement %, limits, deductibles, and age repricing.\nInsurance or a reserve\nIf you could self-fund routine care but not a major surgery, prioritize a higher annual limit or a substantial reserve over covering small claims. Enroll while the pet is young and healthy if you choose insurance.","url":"/en/insurance/insurance-pet-owners-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance with a pre-existing condition","plainText":"Public health insurance covers eligible treatment without private underwriting; for private medical, cancer, life, or disability cover, try standard underwriting and insurer pre-assessment first, then group cover, then relaxed-underwriting products, comparing exclusions and ratings.\nPublic protection, standard underwriting, exclusions, group, and relaxed products.\nPublic health cover is unaffected by private underwriting.\nOutcomes range from standard acceptance to exclusion, rating, or decline.\nTry standard underwriting and pre-assessment before relaxed products.\nA larger savings reserve is a valid alternative to costly cover.\nThe order to try\nAttempt standard underwriting, request pre-assessment, consider group cover through work, then compare relaxed-underwriting products — weighing higher premiums and reduced early benefits against a larger emergency fund. Disclose accurately throughout.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","guide:underwriting-and-disclosure-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Public health insurance covers eligible treatment without private underwriting; for private medical, cancer, life, or disability cover, try standard underwriting and insurer pre-assessment first, then group cover, then relaxed-underwriting products, comparing exclusions and ratings.\nPublic protection, standard underwriting, exclusions, group, and relaxed products.\nPublic health cover is unaffected by private underwriting.\nOutcomes range from standard acceptance to exclusion, rating, or decline.\nTry standard underwriting and pre-assessment before relaxed products.\nA larger savings reserve is a valid alternative to costly cover.\nThe order to try\nAttempt standard underwriting, request pre-assessment, consider group cover through work, then compare relaxed-underwriting products — weighing higher premiums and reduced early benefits against a larger emergency fund. Disclose accurately throughout.","url":"/en/insurance/insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to make an insurance claim in Japan","plainText":"For almost every claim: protect life and prevent further damage, contact the relevant authority, notify the insurer promptly, gather evidence, submit a factual chronology, disclose other cover, obtain the decision in writing, and escalate disputes methodically.\nA universal process: evidence, notification, documents, decision, and escalation.\nNotify the insurer promptly even before the final amount is known.\nAsk for the claim number, required documents, and deadlines.\nPreserve photos, receipts, records, and correspondence.\nGet the decision and any denial reason in writing.\nThe ten-step sequence\nProtect life; contact police, fire, medical, building, airline, or card authority; notify the insurer; ask for the claim number and documents; preserve evidence; submit a chronology; disclose other insurance; obtain the decision in writing; challenge factual mistakes with clause references; then escalate unresolved complaints.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/how-to-make-a-claim-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan","guide:insurance-complaints-adr-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true},{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"For almost every claim: protect life and prevent further damage, contact the relevant authority, notify the insurer promptly, gather evidence, submit a factual chronology, disclose other cover, obtain the decision in writing, and escalate disputes methodically.\nA universal process: evidence, notification, documents, decision, and escalation.\nNotify the insurer promptly even before the final amount is known.\nAsk for the claim number, required documents, and deadlines.\nPreserve photos, receipts, records, and correspondence.\nGet the decision and any denial reason in writing.\nThe ten-step sequence\nProtect life; contact police, fire, medical, building, airline, or card authority; notify the insurer; ask for the claim number and documents; preserve evidence; submit a chronology; disclose other insurance; obtain the decision in writing; challenge factual mistakes with clause references; then escalate unresolved complaints.","url":"/en/insurance/how-to-make-a-claim-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan:en","entityId":"guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why insurance claims are denied","plainText":"Claims are denied when the event is excluded, a definition is not met, coverage had not begun or the policy lapsed, a limit was exhausted, or a material disclosure duty was breached — so read the contractual reason and check it against the wording.\nExclusions, definitions, lapse, waiting periods, limits, and nondisclosure.\nA denial must state a contractual reason — get it in writing.\nCommon reasons: exclusion, unmet definition, lapse, or nondisclosure.\nWaiting periods and exhausted limits also block payment.\nFactual mistakes can be challenged with evidence and clause references.\nMatch the reason to the wording\nObtain the written reason and the exact clause, then check whether the facts truly meet the exclusion or fail the definition. If the insurer relied on a factual error, respond with evidence and the relevant clause before escalating.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/why-claims-are-denied-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan","guide:insurance-complaints-adr-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Claims are denied when the event is excluded, a definition is not met, coverage had not begun or the policy lapsed, a limit was exhausted, or a material disclosure duty was breached — so read the contractual reason and check it against the wording.\nExclusions, definitions, lapse, waiting periods, limits, and nondisclosure.\nA denial must state a contractual reason — get it in writing.\nCommon reasons: exclusion, unmet definition, lapse, or nondisclosure.\nWaiting periods and exhausted limits also block payment.\nFactual mistakes can be challenged with evidence and clause references.\nMatch the reason to the wording\nObtain the written reason and the exact clause, then check whether the facts truly meet the exclusion or fail the definition. If the insurer relied on a factual error, respond with evidence and the relevant clause before escalating.","url":"/en/insurance/why-claims-are-denied-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-complaints-adr-japan:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-complaints-adr-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Insurance complaints and ADR in Japan","plainText":"Escalate in order: the claims handler, the insurer’s complaint office, the agent’s management, then the Sonpo ADR Center for non-life or the Life Insurance Association’s dispute resolution for life, then consumer affairs, the FSA, and finally legal remedies.\nInsurer complaint office, Sonpo ADR, life-insurance ADR, consumer affairs, and FSA.\nStart with the claims handler and the insurer’s complaint office.\nNon-life disputes go to the Sonpo ADR Center; life to the LIA process.\nLocal consumer affairs centers and the FSA can also help.\nKeep the wording, application answers, notices, and every written reason.\nThe escalation ladder\nWork up the ladder while keeping the insurer involved, using the designated ADR body for your product type. Keep the policy wording, warning information, application answers, notices, medical and repair documents, and every written denial reason.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/insurance-complaints-adr-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan","guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/about/soudan/","official":true},{"publisher":"The Life Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.seiho.or.jp/contact/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan (NCAC)","url":"https://www.kokusen.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Escalate in order: the claims handler, the insurer’s complaint office, the agent’s management, then the Sonpo ADR Center for non-life or the Life Insurance Association’s dispute resolution for life, then consumer affairs, the FSA, and finally legal remedies.\nInsurer complaint office, Sonpo ADR, life-insurance ADR, consumer affairs, and FSA.\nStart with the claims handler and the insurer’s complaint office.\nNon-life disputes go to the Sonpo ADR Center; life to the LIA process.\nLocal consumer affairs centers and the FSA can also help.\nKeep the wording, application answers, notices, and every written reason.\nThe escalation ladder\nWork up the ladder while keeping the insurer involved, using the designated ADR body for your product type. Keep the policy wording, warning information, application answers, notices, medical and repair documents, and every written denial reason.","url":"/en/insurance/insurance-complaints-adr-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:annual-insurance-review-japan:en","entityId":"guide:annual-insurance-review-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Annual insurance review","plainText":"Review your cover after marriage, birth, job change, home purchase, mortgage repayment, diagnosis, retirement, pet adoption, vehicle change, or departure — confirming beneficiaries, public benefits, duplicate cover, valuations, and whether cancellation would create a new underwriting problem.\nA checklist to run after life, job, home, family, vehicle, or residency changes.\nUpdate beneficiaries and contact information.\nRe-check public and employer benefits and required death cover.\nFind duplicate liability, travel, bicycle, device, and pet cover.\nNever cancel health or life cover before a replacement has commenced.\nWhat to confirm each year\nConfirm beneficiaries, public and employer benefits, mortgage credit-life cover, duplicate riders, outdated driver and household restrictions, building and contents replacement value, flood and earthquake decisions, disability waiting periods, surrender values, renewal ages, overseas residence, and whether cancellation would create a new underwriting problem.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/annual-insurance-review-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Review your cover after marriage, birth, job change, home purchase, mortgage repayment, diagnosis, retirement, pet adoption, vehicle change, or departure — confirming beneficiaries, public benefits, duplicate cover, valuations, and whether cancellation would create a new underwriting problem.\nA checklist to run after life, job, home, family, vehicle, or residency changes.\nUpdate beneficiaries and contact information.\nRe-check public and employer benefits and required death cover.\nFind duplicate liability, travel, bicycle, device, and pet cover.\nNever cancel health or life cover before a replacement has commenced.\nWhat to confirm each year\nConfirm beneficiaries, public and employer benefits, mortgage credit-life cover, duplicate riders, outdated driver and household restrictions, building and contents replacement value, flood and earthquake decisions, disability waiting periods, surrender values, renewal ages, overseas residence, and whether cancellation would create a new underwriting problem.","url":"/en/insurance/annual-insurance-review-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How taxes work in Japan","plainText":"Japan runs two parallel systems: national income tax (withheld and often settled by an employer year-end adjustment) and local resident tax billed the year after you earn — with a final tax return reconciling anything withholding did not cover.\nNational vs local tax, calendar-year taxation, withholding, year-end adjustment, and the delayed resident-tax bill.\nNational taxes fund the central government; local (resident) taxes fund your prefecture and municipality.\nThe income-tax year is the calendar year, January 1 to December 31.\nEmployers withhold income tax during the year; withholding is a prepayment, not the final bill.\nResident tax (~10%) is assessed on the previous year’s income and collected from June the following year.\nA ¥300,000 income deduction cuts taxable income, not tax — the saving is roughly your marginal rate times the deduction.\nNational tax and local tax\nTwo separate authorities tax your income. National income tax (所得税) is administered by the National Tax Agency and is progressive. Local resident tax (住民税) is administered by your municipality and prefecture; the income portion is generally about 10% — in Tokyo, 4% prefectural plus 6% municipal — with fixed per-capita amounts and the national forest-environment tax collected alongside it. A Special Income Tax for Reconstruction equal to 2.1% of your calculated national income tax applies through 2037.\nWithholding and year-end adjustment\nEmployers, pension payers, and some business customers withhold tax as you are paid. Because the withheld amount rarely equals your exact annual liability, an employer performs a year-end adjustment (年末調整) that reconciles most employees’ national income tax. A refund at that point simply means too much was prepaid — it does not mean the income was untaxed.\nWhy the resident-tax bill arrives late\nResident tax is assessed on the previous calendar year’s income and collected from June of the following year through the next May. New arrivals often owe little in year one and get a surprise bill in year two; people who leave Japan can still owe resident tax based on the year before departure. Budget for this timing gap.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/how-taxes-work-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing","faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2260.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Shinjuku City","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Japan runs two parallel systems: national income tax (withheld and often settled by an employer year-end adjustment) and local resident tax billed the year after you earn — with a final tax return reconciling anything withholding did not cover.\nNational vs local tax, calendar-year taxation, withholding, year-end adjustment, and the delayed resident-tax bill.\nNational taxes fund the central government; local (resident) taxes fund your prefecture and municipality.\nThe income-tax year is the calendar year, January 1 to December 31.\nEmployers withhold income tax during the year; withholding is a prepayment, not the final bill.\nResident tax (~10%) is assessed on the previous year’s income and collected from June the following year.\nA ¥300,000 income deduction cuts taxable income, not tax — the saving is roughly your marginal rate times the deduction.\nNational tax and local tax\nTwo separate authorities tax your income. National income tax (所得税) is administered by the National Tax Agency and is progressive. Local resident tax (住民税) is administered by your municipality and prefecture; the income portion is generally about 10% — in Tokyo, 4% prefectural plus 6% municipal — with fixed per-capita amounts and the national forest-environment tax collected alongside it. A Special Income Tax for Reconstruction equal to 2.1% of your calculated national income tax applies through 2037.\nWithholding and year-end adjustment\nEmployers, pension payers, and some business customers withhold tax as you are paid. Because the withheld amount rarely equals your exact annual liability, an employer performs a year-end adjustment (年末調整) that reconciles most employees’ national income tax. A refund at that point simply means too much was prepaid — it does not mean the income was untaxed.\nWhy the resident-tax bill arrives late\nResident tax is assessed on the previous calendar year’s income and collected from June of the following year through the next May. New arrivals often owe little in year one and get a surprise bill in year two; people who leave Japan can still owe resident tax based on the year before departure. Budget for this timing gap.","url":"/en/tax/how-taxes-work-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Types of taxes in Japan","plainText":"Beyond income and resident tax, you may encounter consumption tax, individual enterprise tax, fixed-asset and city-planning taxes, real-estate acquisition tax, registration and stamp taxes, automobile taxes, and gift or inheritance tax — each with its own trigger and authority.\nA directory of the personal taxes you may meet: income, resident, consumption, enterprise, property, gift, inheritance, and more.\nNational: income tax, consumption tax, registration/stamp tax, gift and inheritance tax.\nLocal: resident tax, enterprise tax, fixed-asset and city-planning tax, real-estate acquisition tax.\nWhich office handles a problem depends on which tax it is — national tax office vs municipality vs prefecture.\nIndividual enterprise tax applies only to designated business classes, after a ~¥2.9M owner allowance.\nNational taxes\nThe National Tax Agency administers national income tax and the 2.1% reconstruction surtax, consumption tax on taxable business supplies, registration and license tax on registrations (including real-estate titles), stamp tax on specified paper instruments, and gift and inheritance tax. These are billed and paid to the national system, and disputes go to the national tax office (税務署).\nLocal taxes\nYour prefecture and municipality assess resident tax (income portion ~10% plus per-capita amounts), individual enterprise tax on designated business classes (business-owner allowance generally ¥2.9 million per full year; rates commonly 3%, 4%, or 5%), fixed-asset and city-planning taxes on land, buildings, and depreciable assets, and real-estate acquisition tax when you acquire property. A wrong resident-tax notice is fixed by the municipality, not the national tax office.\nAutomobiles, gifts, and estates\nOwning a vehicle brings automobile-related taxes (ownership, weight, environmental classification). Receiving gifts above the ¥1.1 million annual exemption can trigger gift tax; inheriting an estate above the basic exemption (¥30 million + ¥6 million per statutory heir) can trigger inheritance tax, with a ten-month filing deadline. These are fact-heavy areas where a professional is often warranted.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/types-of-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan","guide:property-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Shinjuku City","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Beyond income and resident tax, you may encounter consumption tax, individual enterprise tax, fixed-asset and city-planning taxes, real-estate acquisition tax, registration and stamp taxes, automobile taxes, and gift or inheritance tax — each with its own trigger and authority.\nA directory of the personal taxes you may meet: income, resident, consumption, enterprise, property, gift, inheritance, and more.\nNational: income tax, consumption tax, registration/stamp tax, gift and inheritance tax.\nLocal: resident tax, enterprise tax, fixed-asset and city-planning tax, real-estate acquisition tax.\nWhich office handles a problem depends on which tax it is — national tax office vs municipality vs prefecture.\nIndividual enterprise tax applies only to designated business classes, after a ~¥2.9M owner allowance.\nNational taxes\nThe National Tax Agency administers national income tax and the 2.1% reconstruction surtax, consumption tax on taxable business supplies, registration and license tax on registrations (including real-estate titles), stamp tax on specified paper instruments, and gift and inheritance tax. These are billed and paid to the national system, and disputes go to the national tax office (税務署).\nLocal taxes\nYour prefecture and municipality assess resident tax (income portion ~10% plus per-capita amounts), individual enterprise tax on designated business classes (business-owner allowance generally ¥2.9 million per full year; rates commonly 3%, 4%, or 5%), fixed-asset and city-planning taxes on land, buildings, and depreciable assets, and real-estate acquisition tax when you acquire property. A wrong resident-tax notice is fixed by the municipality, not the national tax office.\nAutomobiles, gifts, and estates\nOwning a vehicle brings automobile-related taxes (ownership, weight, environmental classification). Receiving gifts above the ¥1.1 million annual exemption can trigger gift tax; inheriting an estate above the basic exemption (¥30 million + ¥6 million per statutory heir) can trigger inheritance tax, with a ten-month filing deadline. These are fact-heavy areas where a professional is often warranted.","url":"/en/tax/types-of-taxes-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"The 10 types of income in Japan","plainText":"Japan sorts every receipt into one of ten statutory income categories, and the category — not the contract wording — decides which expenses and losses you can use and how the tax is calculated.\nEmployment, business, miscellaneous, real-estate, capital-gain, dividend, interest, retirement, forestry, and occasional income — and why the label matters.\nThe ten categories: interest, dividend, real-estate, business, employment, retirement, forestry, capital-gain, occasional, and miscellaneous income.\nSubstance (continuity, scale, records, profit motive) — not the payer’s label — sets the category.\nBusiness and real-estate income can access blue-return benefits and loss carryforward; miscellaneous income generally cannot.\nSome categories (listed shares, retirement, certain financial income) use separate taxation, not the aggregate progressive table.\nThe ten categories\nThe statutory list is: interest income (利子所得), dividend income (配当所得), real-estate income (不動産所得), business income (事業所得), employment income (給与所得), retirement income (退職所得), forestry income (山林所得), capital-gain income (譲渡所得), occasional income (一時所得), and miscellaneous income (雑所得). Employment income uses a fixed employment-income deduction rather than itemized expenses; business income allows broad necessary expenses; retirement and listed-share income use their own separate calculations.\nWhy the label matters\nA creator, affiliate, online seller, consultant, or developer can have employment, business, or miscellaneous income depending on the facts. The difference is not cosmetic: business income can use the blue-return special deduction, family-employee salaries, and (with qualifying losses) a three-year loss carryforward, while a loss from miscellaneous income generally cannot be set against your salary. When your side activity grows continuous and organized, its correct category — and its records — should be settled deliberately.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/the-10-types-of-income-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1300.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1350.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Japan sorts every receipt into one of ten statutory income categories, and the category — not the contract wording — decides which expenses and losses you can use and how the tax is calculated.\nEmployment, business, miscellaneous, real-estate, capital-gain, dividend, interest, retirement, forestry, and occasional income — and why the label matters.\nThe ten categories: interest, dividend, real-estate, business, employment, retirement, forestry, capital-gain, occasional, and miscellaneous income.\nSubstance (continuity, scale, records, profit motive) — not the payer’s label — sets the category.\nBusiness and real-estate income can access blue-return benefits and loss carryforward; miscellaneous income generally cannot.\nSome categories (listed shares, retirement, certain financial income) use separate taxation, not the aggregate progressive table.\nThe ten categories\nThe statutory list is: interest income (利子所得), dividend income (配当所得), real-estate income (不動産所得), business income (事業所得), employment income (給与所得), retirement income (退職所得), forestry income (山林所得), capital-gain income (譲渡所得), occasional income (一時所得), and miscellaneous income (雑所得). Employment income uses a fixed employment-income deduction rather than itemized expenses; business income allows broad necessary expenses; retirement and listed-share income use their own separate calculations.\nWhy the label matters\nA creator, affiliate, online seller, consultant, or developer can have employment, business, or miscellaneous income depending on the facts. The difference is not cosmetic: business income can use the blue-return special deduction, family-employee salaries, and (with qualifying losses) a three-year loss carryforward, while a loss from miscellaneous income generally cannot be set against your salary. When your side activity grows continuous and organized, its correct category — and its records — should be settled deliberately.","url":"/en/tax/the-10-types-of-income-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets:en","entityId":"guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan income tax rates and brackets","plainText":"National income tax has seven progressive brackets from 5% to 45%, applied to taxable income (not gross salary); a 2.1% reconstruction surtax is added, and local resident tax of about 10% is calculated separately.\nThe seven progressive national bands, the reconstruction surtax, and how marginal differs from average.\nBrackets apply to taxable income after deductions, not to gross salary.\nThe seven rates are 5, 10, 20, 23, 33, 40, and 45 percent.\nA quick formula: tax = taxable income × rate − bracket adjustment; then add the 2.1% surtax.\nYour marginal rate (on the next yen) is higher than your average rate (over all income).\nThe progressive brackets\nTaxable income is taxed in bands: 5% up to ¥1.95M, 10% to ¥3.3M, 20% to ¥6.95M, 23% to ¥9M, 33% to ¥18M, 40% to ¥40M, and 45% above ¥40M. The NTA’s rate table pairs each rate with a subtraction so you can compute the tax in one line. For ¥7,000,000 of taxable income: ¥7,000,000 × 23% − ¥636,000 = ¥974,000 of national income tax before the surtax and credits.\nSurtax, resident tax, and marginal rate\nOn top of the calculated national tax, add a reconstruction surtax of 2.1% (about ¥20,454 on ¥974,000). Local resident tax of roughly 10% is calculated separately under municipal rules. Because only income within a band is taxed at that band’s rate, a raise does not retroactively re-tax your earlier income — the higher rate applies only to the portion above each threshold. This is why marginal and average rates differ, and why a deduction saves roughly your marginal rate times the deduction.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2260.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"National income tax has seven progressive brackets from 5% to 45%, applied to taxable income (not gross salary); a 2.1% reconstruction surtax is added, and local resident tax of about 10% is calculated separately.\nThe seven progressive national bands, the reconstruction surtax, and how marginal differs from average.\nBrackets apply to taxable income after deductions, not to gross salary.\nThe seven rates are 5, 10, 20, 23, 33, 40, and 45 percent.\nA quick formula: tax = taxable income × rate − bracket adjustment; then add the 2.1% surtax.\nYour marginal rate (on the next yen) is higher than your average rate (over all income).\nThe progressive brackets\nTaxable income is taxed in bands: 5% up to ¥1.95M, 10% to ¥3.3M, 20% to ¥6.95M, 23% to ¥9M, 33% to ¥18M, 40% to ¥40M, and 45% above ¥40M. The NTA’s rate table pairs each rate with a subtraction so you can compute the tax in one line. For ¥7,000,000 of taxable income: ¥7,000,000 × 23% − ¥636,000 = ¥974,000 of national income tax before the surtax and credits.\nSurtax, resident tax, and marginal rate\nOn top of the calculated national tax, add a reconstruction surtax of 2.1% (about ¥20,454 on ¥974,000). Local resident tax of roughly 10% is calculated separately under municipal rules. Because only income within a band is taxed at that band’s rate, a raise does not retroactively re-tax your earlier income — the higher rate applies only to the portion above each threshold. This is why marginal and average rates differ, and why a deduction saves roughly your marginal rate times the deduction.","url":"/en/tax/japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return:en","entityId":"guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Year-end adjustment vs a final tax return","plainText":"Year-end adjustment (年末調整) is your employer reconciling the income tax on the salary they paid; a final return (確定申告) is you reconciling all reportable income — you may need the return for side income, medical expenses, or the first mortgage-credit year even after year-end adjustment.\nWhat each one covers, who performs it, and when you still need to file despite year-end adjustment.\nYear-end adjustment is done by the employer; a final return is done by you (or a 税理士).\nYear-end adjustment covers only employment income that employer handled.\nMedical expense deduction, donations beyond one-stop, and the first mortgage-credit year need a return.\nA year-end adjustment does not cure unreported side, rental, overseas, or investment income.\nWho does each, and what it covers\nYour employer runs year-end adjustment as part of payroll near year-end. It typically applies the basic, spouse, dependent, social-insurance, and life-insurance deductions, and — from the second year — the mortgage credit. A final return, filed by you ordinarily between February 16 and March 15, covers everything: business and rental results, capital gains, the medical and donation deductions, the first mortgage-credit year, and the foreign-tax credit.\nWhen both are involved\nYou can be adjusted and still have to file. A salaried employee with more than ¥200,000 of side income, two jobs, large medical bills, or a first-year mortgage files a return that starts from the withholding certificate the employer already produced. Neither process is a universal cure: resident-tax declarations, gift tax, and consumption tax can remain separate obligations.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Year-end adjustment (年末調整) is your employer reconciling the income tax on the salary they paid; a final return (確定申告) is you reconciling all reportable income — you may need the return for side income, medical expenses, or the first mortgage-credit year even after year-end adjustment.\nWhat each one covers, who performs it, and when you still need to file despite year-end adjustment.\nYear-end adjustment is done by the employer; a final return is done by you (or a 税理士).\nYear-end adjustment covers only employment income that employer handled.\nMedical expense deduction, donations beyond one-stop, and the first mortgage-credit year need a return.\nA year-end adjustment does not cure unreported side, rental, overseas, or investment income.\nWho does each, and what it covers\nYour employer runs year-end adjustment as part of payroll near year-end. It typically applies the basic, spouse, dependent, social-insurance, and life-insurance deductions, and — from the second year — the mortgage credit. A final return, filed by you ordinarily between February 16 and March 15, covers everything: business and rental results, capital gains, the medical and donation deductions, the first mortgage-credit year, and the foreign-tax credit.\nWhen both are involved\nYou can be adjusted and still have to file. A salaried employee with more than ¥200,000 of side income, two jobs, large medical bills, or a first-year mortgage files a return that starts from the withholding certificate the employer already produced. Neither process is a universal cure: resident-tax declarations, gift tax, and consumption tax can remain separate obligations.","url":"/en/tax/year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule:en","entityId":"guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan’s ¥200,000 side-income rule","plainText":"A salaried employee with one withholding-covered job generally must file a national return when income other than employment and retirement exceeds ¥200,000 — measured after related expenses, not as gross revenue, and even below it a resident-tax declaration may still be required.\nWhen side income makes a salaried employee file — and why it is income after expenses, not revenue.\nThe test is income after related expenses, not gross revenue.\nIt applies to an employee whose salary is fully covered by one employer’s withholding.\nExactly ¥200,000 does not trigger it — the rule is “exceeds” ¥200,000.\nThe ¥200,000 income-tax relief does NOT remove the resident-tax reporting obligation.\nIncome, not revenue\nThe rule looks at income after allowable related expenses. If you earn ¥300,000 of affiliate revenue and incur ¥80,000 of directly related platform and advertising costs, your income is ¥220,000 — over the threshold, so a return is due. Cut expenses so income is exactly ¥200,000 and that particular salary-side-income trigger is not exceeded, but you must still check other filing triggers and your municipality’s resident-tax rules.\nThe resident-tax catch\nThe ¥200,000 rule is a national income-tax convenience, not a tax exemption. Municipalities generally still expect you to declare that side income for resident-tax purposes even when no national return is required. Skipping it is a common and avoidable mistake — file the resident-tax declaration with your city if you are under the national threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1350.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"A salaried employee with one withholding-covered job generally must file a national return when income other than employment and retirement exceeds ¥200,000 — measured after related expenses, not as gross revenue, and even below it a resident-tax declaration may still be required.\nWhen side income makes a salaried employee file — and why it is income after expenses, not revenue.\nThe test is income after related expenses, not gross revenue.\nIt applies to an employee whose salary is fully covered by one employer’s withholding.\nExactly ¥200,000 does not trigger it — the rule is “exceeds” ¥200,000.\nThe ¥200,000 income-tax relief does NOT remove the resident-tax reporting obligation.\nIncome, not revenue\nThe rule looks at income after allowable related expenses. If you earn ¥300,000 of affiliate revenue and incur ¥80,000 of directly related platform and advertising costs, your income is ¥220,000 — over the threshold, so a return is due. Cut expenses so income is exactly ¥200,000 and that particular salary-side-income trigger is not exceeded, but you must still check other filing triggers and your municipality’s resident-tax rules.\nThe resident-tax catch\nThe ¥200,000 rule is a national income-tax convenience, not a tax exemption. Municipalities generally still expect you to declare that side income for resident-tax purposes even when no national return is required. Skipping it is a common and avoidable mistake — file the resident-tax declaration with your city if you are under the national threshold.","url":"/en/tax/japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Complete guide to tax deductions in Japan","plainText":"An income deduction (所得控除) reduces the income you are taxed on; a tax credit (税額控除) reduces the tax itself — so a ¥300,000 deduction saves roughly your marginal rate times ¥300,000, while a ¥300,000 credit can cut tax by up to ¥300,000.\nHow income deductions and tax credits differ, and the main ones: basic, spouse, dependent, medical, insurance, iDeCo, donations, mortgage.\nDeductions reduce taxable income; credits reduce tax — a deduction is not a refund of its full amount.\nPayroll (year-end adjustment) handles basic, spouse, dependent, social-insurance, and life-insurance deductions.\nMedical expenses, donations beyond one-stop, and the first mortgage year require a tax return.\nThe medical threshold is ¥100,000 (or 5% of total income below ¥2M); the deduction is capped at ¥2M.\nDeduction vs credit\nIncome deductions — basic, spouse and spouse-special, dependent, specified-relative, medical, social-insurance, life and earthquake insurance, small-business/iDeCo contributions, donations, disability, and single-parent — subtract from your taxable income. Tax credits, such as the housing-loan credit and dividend credit, subtract from the calculated tax. The distinction decides how much you actually save: a deduction’s value scales with your marginal rate; a credit is a near-direct reduction, subject to its own limits.\nThe deductions most people use\nEmployees automatically get the employment-income deduction (at least ¥650,000 from 2025, capped at ¥1.95M) plus the basic deduction, whose 2026 amount depends on total income after reform. The medical deduction equals qualifying costs minus reimbursements minus the ¥100,000 (or 5%) threshold, capped at ¥2M — file a statement and keep receipts five years. iDeCo contributions are deductible; life and earthquake insurance follow statutory caps; and Furusato Nozei donations flow through as a donation deduction plus resident-tax credit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-furusato","faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:furusato-nozei-explained","guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1199.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1120.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1410.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"An income deduction (所得控除) reduces the income you are taxed on; a tax credit (税額控除) reduces the tax itself — so a ¥300,000 deduction saves roughly your marginal rate times ¥300,000, while a ¥300,000 credit can cut tax by up to ¥300,000.\nHow income deductions and tax credits differ, and the main ones: basic, spouse, dependent, medical, insurance, iDeCo, donations, mortgage.\nDeductions reduce taxable income; credits reduce tax — a deduction is not a refund of its full amount.\nPayroll (year-end adjustment) handles basic, spouse, dependent, social-insurance, and life-insurance deductions.\nMedical expenses, donations beyond one-stop, and the first mortgage year require a tax return.\nThe medical threshold is ¥100,000 (or 5% of total income below ¥2M); the deduction is capped at ¥2M.\nDeduction vs credit\nIncome deductions — basic, spouse and spouse-special, dependent, specified-relative, medical, social-insurance, life and earthquake insurance, small-business/iDeCo contributions, donations, disability, and single-parent — subtract from your taxable income. Tax credits, such as the housing-loan credit and dividend credit, subtract from the calculated tax. The distinction decides how much you actually save: a deduction’s value scales with your marginal rate; a credit is a near-direct reduction, subject to its own limits.\nThe deductions most people use\nEmployees automatically get the employment-income deduction (at least ¥650,000 from 2025, capped at ¥1.95M) plus the basic deduction, whose 2026 amount depends on total income after reform. The medical deduction equals qualifying costs minus reimbursements minus the ¥100,000 (or 5%) threshold, capped at ¥2M — file a statement and keep receipts five years. iDeCo contributions are deductible; life and earthquake insurance follow statutory caps; and Furusato Nozei donations flow through as a donation deduction plus resident-tax credit.","url":"/en/tax/complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-taxes-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:investment-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investment taxes in Japan","plainText":"Listed-share gains and dividends are usually taxed separately at about 20.315%, NISA shelters eligible gains entirely, iDeCo defers tax and deducts contributions, and crypto is taxed as miscellaneous income at your progressive rate — much higher for large gains.\nHow stocks, dividends, NISA, iDeCo, and crypto are taxed — and when filing helps.\nListed shares: separate taxation, combined 20.315%; a withholding account can avoid filing.\nFiling a share loss lets you offset dividends and carry the loss forward three years.\nNISA shelters gains and dividends but its losses cannot offset taxable gains.\nCrypto is miscellaneous income at progressive rates — taxable on swaps and spending, not just cash-out.\nShares, dividends, and accounts\nGains on listed shares are generally taxed under separate self-assessment at a combined 20.315% (15% national + 0.315% reconstruction + 5% local). A withholding-designated (特定) account can settle the tax without a return. Listed dividends usually have 15.315% national withholding plus 5% local; you may choose non-filing, aggregate, or separate taxation. Filing can be worthwhile to offset a listed-share loss against dividends and to carry a qualifying loss forward three years — but filing can also raise resident-tax-based measures like health-insurance premiums.\nNISA, iDeCo, and crypto\nNISA lets you invest up to ¥3.6M a year (¥18M lifetime at acquisition cost) with eligible gains and distributions tax-free; sold capacity generally becomes reusable the next year, but NISA losses cannot offset taxable gains. iDeCo deducts contributions from income, defers investment tax, and taxes benefits as pension or retirement income. Crypto is different: disposals — selling, swapping, or spending — generally produce miscellaneous income taxed at your progressive rate, and crypto losses do not get the listed-share loss regime.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/investment-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:crypto-tax-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Listed-share gains and dividends are usually taxed separately at about 20.315%, NISA shelters eligible gains entirely, iDeCo defers tax and deducts contributions, and crypto is taxed as miscellaneous income at your progressive rate — much higher for large gains.\nHow stocks, dividends, NISA, iDeCo, and crypto are taxed — and when filing helps.\nListed shares: separate taxation, combined 20.315%; a withholding account can avoid filing.\nFiling a share loss lets you offset dividends and carry the loss forward three years.\nNISA shelters gains and dividends but its losses cannot offset taxable gains.\nCrypto is miscellaneous income at progressive rates — taxable on swaps and spending, not just cash-out.\nShares, dividends, and accounts\nGains on listed shares are generally taxed under separate self-assessment at a combined 20.315% (15% national + 0.315% reconstruction + 5% local). A withholding-designated (特定) account can settle the tax without a return. Listed dividends usually have 15.315% national withholding plus 5% local; you may choose non-filing, aggregate, or separate taxation. Filing can be worthwhile to offset a listed-share loss against dividends and to carry a qualifying loss forward three years — but filing can also raise resident-tax-based measures like health-insurance premiums.\nNISA, iDeCo, and crypto\nNISA lets you invest up to ¥3.6M a year (¥18M lifetime at acquisition cost) with eligible gains and distributions tax-free; sold capacity generally becomes reusable the next year, but NISA losses cannot offset taxable gains. iDeCo deducts contributions from income, defers investment tax, and taxes benefits as pension or retirement income. Crypto is different: disposals — selling, swapping, or spending — generally produce miscellaneous income taxed at your progressive rate, and crypto losses do not get the listed-share loss regime.","url":"/en/tax/investment-taxes-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-taxes-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:property-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property taxes in Japan","plainText":"Buying property brings real-estate acquisition, registration, and stamp taxes; owning it brings annual fixed-asset and city-planning taxes; renting it out creates real-estate income; and selling it is a separate capital-gain transaction — not rental income.\nBuying, owning, renting out, and selling property — the taxes at each stage.\nPurchase: real-estate acquisition tax, registration and license tax, stamp tax, and building consumption tax.\nOwnership: annual fixed-asset tax and city-planning tax, assessed and billed by the municipality.\nRenting: rent, nonrefundable deposits, and renewal fees are income; interest and depreciation are deductible, principal is not.\nSelling: a separate capital gain with holding-period rules — land and building are treated differently.\nBuying and owning\nAcquiring real property can trigger real-estate acquisition tax (prefectural), registration and license tax on the title transfer and any mortgage, stamp tax on paper contracts, and consumption tax on the taxable building component (land is treated differently). Registration tax uses statutory rates on assessed values — for example, the ordinary land-sale title-transfer rate is 2%, with temporary reduced rates that must be rechecked by transaction date. Once you own, the municipality bills annual fixed-asset and city-planning taxes based on the January 1 owner and assessed value.\nRenting out and selling\nRental income includes rents, nonrefundable deposits, renewal fees, and tenant reimbursements. Deductible expenses include fixed-asset tax, insurance, depreciation, repairs, and the rental-related portion of loan interest — but loan principal is never deductible, and capital improvements are depreciated, not expensed. Selling is not rental income: it is a separate capital-gain transaction with short- and long-term holding distinctions, and you must separate land from building because land is not depreciated. Keep the purchase contract, land/building allocation, and depreciation history.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/property-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:rent-vs-buy-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Shinjuku City","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Buying property brings real-estate acquisition, registration, and stamp taxes; owning it brings annual fixed-asset and city-planning taxes; renting it out creates real-estate income; and selling it is a separate capital-gain transaction — not rental income.\nBuying, owning, renting out, and selling property — the taxes at each stage.\nPurchase: real-estate acquisition tax, registration and license tax, stamp tax, and building consumption tax.\nOwnership: annual fixed-asset tax and city-planning tax, assessed and billed by the municipality.\nRenting: rent, nonrefundable deposits, and renewal fees are income; interest and depreciation are deductible, principal is not.\nSelling: a separate capital gain with holding-period rules — land and building are treated differently.\nBuying and owning\nAcquiring real property can trigger real-estate acquisition tax (prefectural), registration and license tax on the title transfer and any mortgage, stamp tax on paper contracts, and consumption tax on the taxable building component (land is treated differently). Registration tax uses statutory rates on assessed values — for example, the ordinary land-sale title-transfer rate is 2%, with temporary reduced rates that must be rechecked by transaction date. Once you own, the municipality bills annual fixed-asset and city-planning taxes based on the January 1 owner and assessed value.\nRenting out and selling\nRental income includes rents, nonrefundable deposits, renewal fees, and tenant reimbursements. Deductible expenses include fixed-asset tax, insurance, depreciation, repairs, and the rental-related portion of loan interest — but loan principal is never deductible, and capital improvements are depreciated, not expensed. Selling is not rental income: it is a separate capital-gain transaction with short- and long-term holding distinctions, and you must separate land from building because land is not depreciated. Keep the purchase contract, land/building allocation, and depreciation history.","url":"/en/tax/property-taxes-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes in Japan for foreign residents","plainText":"Your tax residency category (not your visa) decides what Japan can tax: non-residents on Japan-source income, non-permanent residents also on foreign income paid in or remitted to Japan, and permanent residents on worldwide income — with treaties and the foreign-tax credit reducing double taxation.\nTax residency, worldwide vs Japan-source income, remittances, foreign-tax credits, and moving or leaving Japan.\nTax residency ≠ immigration status; you can be a tax resident from day one if facts establish a domicile.\n“183 days” is not Japan’s universal residence test — domicile and one-year residence are the domestic tests.\nNon-permanent residents (≤5 of last 10 years) are taxed on remitted foreign income, not just Japan-source.\nWork performed in Japan is Japan-source even when paid into a foreign account by a foreign employer.\nResidency and what Japan taxes\nFor income tax, you are a non-resident, non-permanent resident, or permanent resident — a tax concept separate from the immigration “permanent resident.” Non-residents are taxed only on Japan-source income; non-permanent residents (non-Japanese who have had a domicile or residence in Japan for no more than five of the last ten years) are also taxed on foreign-source income paid in or remitted to Japan; other residents are taxed on worldwide income. Domicile is your settled center of life — occupation, family, housing, and assets — not a day count, so do not treat “183 days” as the test.\nRemittances, credits, and moving\nRemitting overseas income to a Japanese account can create tax for a non-permanent resident under source and ordering rules — do not assume only money kept abroad is safe. A Japanese resident can claim a foreign-tax credit for qualifying foreign income taxes, limited by Japanese ceilings and requiring country, income-category, and payment documentation. When moving in, preserve arrival dates, asset cost basis, equity-compensation records, and remittance records; when leaving, settle the departure-year return and resident tax and appoint a tax agent (納税管理人) if filings, refunds, or notices will arise after you go.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status","faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-residency-explained","guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/12004.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Your tax residency category (not your visa) decides what Japan can tax: non-residents on Japan-source income, non-permanent residents also on foreign income paid in or remitted to Japan, and permanent residents on worldwide income — with treaties and the foreign-tax credit reducing double taxation.\nTax residency, worldwide vs Japan-source income, remittances, foreign-tax credits, and moving or leaving Japan.\nTax residency ≠ immigration status; you can be a tax resident from day one if facts establish a domicile.\n“183 days” is not Japan’s universal residence test — domicile and one-year residence are the domestic tests.\nNon-permanent residents (≤5 of last 10 years) are taxed on remitted foreign income, not just Japan-source.\nWork performed in Japan is Japan-source even when paid into a foreign account by a foreign employer.\nResidency and what Japan taxes\nFor income tax, you are a non-resident, non-permanent resident, or permanent resident — a tax concept separate from the immigration “permanent resident.” Non-residents are taxed only on Japan-source income; non-permanent residents (non-Japanese who have had a domicile or residence in Japan for no more than five of the last ten years) are also taxed on foreign-source income paid in or remitted to Japan; other residents are taxed on worldwide income. Domicile is your settled center of life — occupation, family, housing, and assets — not a day count, so do not treat “183 days” as the test.\nRemittances, credits, and moving\nRemitting overseas income to a Japanese account can create tax for a non-permanent resident under source and ordering rules — do not assume only money kept abroad is safe. A Japanese resident can claim a foreign-tax credit for qualifying foreign income taxes, limited by Japanese ceilings and requiring country, income-category, and payment documentation. When moving in, preserve arrival dates, asset cost basis, equity-compensation records, and remittance records; when leaving, settle the departure-year return and resident tax and appoint a tax agent (納税管理人) if filings, refunds, or notices will arise after you go.","url":"/en/tax/taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund:en","entityId":"guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"When you should file for a tax refund","plainText":"File a refund return if you had large medical expenses, left a job without year-end adjustment, are in the first mortgage-credit year, made deductible donations, had an investment loss, or paid foreign tax — you have five years to claim it.\nMedical bills, a missed year-end adjustment, the first mortgage year, donations, investment losses, and foreign tax.\nA refund return is optional and available even when you have no filing obligation.\nYou can file from January 1 and have five years to claim.\nCommon triggers: medical deduction, mid-year job exit, first mortgage year, donations, share losses, foreign tax.\nOnce you file, all income required on that return must be reported consistently.\nSituations that produce a refund\nWithholding is a prepayment, so any year you prepaid more than your final tax you can reclaim the difference. The most common cases are qualifying medical expenses above the threshold, employment that ended before year-end so no employer adjusted you, the first year of a housing-loan credit (which must be filed), eligible donations not fully processed, a listed-share loss set against dividends, and foreign tax paid on income also taxed in Japan.\nClaiming it\nGather the withholding certificate and the supporting documents for your deduction, then file through e-Tax or on paper. Because you have five years, a forgotten deduction from a prior year can still be reclaimed. Filing a refund return is voluntary only where no filing obligation otherwise exists.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2030.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"File a refund return if you had large medical expenses, left a job without year-end adjustment, are in the first mortgage-credit year, made deductible donations, had an investment loss, or paid foreign tax — you have five years to claim it.\nMedical bills, a missed year-end adjustment, the first mortgage year, donations, investment losses, and foreign tax.\nA refund return is optional and available even when you have no filing obligation.\nYou can file from January 1 and have five years to claim.\nCommon triggers: medical deduction, mid-year job exit, first mortgage year, donations, share losses, foreign tax.\nOnce you file, all income required on that return must be reported consistently.\nSituations that produce a refund\nWithholding is a prepayment, so any year you prepaid more than your final tax you can reclaim the difference. The most common cases are qualifying medical expenses above the threshold, employment that ended before year-end so no employer adjusted you, the first year of a housing-loan credit (which must be filed), eligible donations not fully processed, a listed-share loss set against dividends, and foreign tax paid on income also taxed in Japan.\nClaiming it\nGather the withholding certificate and the supporting documents for your deduction, then file through e-Tax or on paper. Because you have five years, a forgotten deduction from a prior year can still be reclaimed. Filing a refund return is voluntary only where no filing obligation otherwise exists.","url":"/en/tax/when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to file a Japanese tax return","plainText":"Collect your certificates and records, classify every receipt into its income category, calculate income and apply deductions and credits, then submit through e-Tax or the tax office between roughly February 16 and March 15 — and arrange payment separately.\nThe end-to-end workflow from documents and classification through submission, payment, and records.\nClassify income first — the category decides expenses, losses, and calculation.\nReconcile totals to bank, card, platform, and securities records.\nEnter deductions, credits, withholding, and any estimated payments.\nSubmit via e-Tax (My Number card) or the tax office; filing is not payment.\nThe workflow\nCollect all withholding certificates, payment statements, sales and expense ledgers, broker and pension statements, donation and insurance certificates, medical data, and prior-year carryforward schedules. Classify every receipt, reconcile to your records, calculate business, rental, capital-gain, pension, and miscellaneous income, apply loss-offset and carryforward rules, then enter income deductions, tax credits, withholding, foreign tax, and estimated payments.\nSubmitting and paying\nThe NTA Return Preparation Corner builds and transmits the return through e-Tax with a My Number card, and Mynaportal can import supported salary, pension, medical, donation, insurance, and mortgage data. Review the resident-tax and business-tax questions before submitting, retain the acceptance record, and arrange payment separately — filing alone does not pay the tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:how-to-use-e-tax","guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","guide:japan-tax-return-deadlines"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.e-tax.nta.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Collect your certificates and records, classify every receipt into its income category, calculate income and apply deductions and credits, then submit through e-Tax or the tax office between roughly February 16 and March 15 — and arrange payment separately.\nThe end-to-end workflow from documents and classification through submission, payment, and records.\nClassify income first — the category decides expenses, losses, and calculation.\nReconcile totals to bank, card, platform, and securities records.\nEnter deductions, credits, withholding, and any estimated payments.\nSubmit via e-Tax (My Number card) or the tax office; filing is not payment.\nThe workflow\nCollect all withholding certificates, payment statements, sales and expense ledgers, broker and pension statements, donation and insurance certificates, medical data, and prior-year carryforward schedules. Classify every receipt, reconcile to your records, calculate business, rental, capital-gain, pension, and miscellaneous income, apply loss-offset and carryforward rules, then enter income deductions, tax credits, withholding, foreign tax, and estimated payments.\nSubmitting and paying\nThe NTA Return Preparation Corner builds and transmits the return through e-Tax with a My Number card, and Mynaportal can import supported salary, pension, medical, donation, insurance, and mortgage data. Review the resident-tax and business-tax questions before submitting, retain the acceptance record, and arrange payment separately — filing alone does not pay the tax.","url":"/en/tax/how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-tax-return-deadlines:en","entityId":"guide:japan-tax-return-deadlines","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan tax return deadlines","plainText":"For the prior year: income tax is due around February 16–March 15, gift tax February 1–March 15, and sole-proprietor consumption tax by March 31; estimated tax falls in July and November; refund claims can start January 1 and run five years.\nIncome tax, gift tax, consumption tax, estimated payments, and refund-claim timing.\nIncome-tax return + payment: about February 16 to March 15.\nGift-tax return: about February 1 to March 15.\nSole-proprietor consumption tax: about March 31.\nEstimated tax installments: July 31 and November 30; refund claims: five years.\nThe expected schedule\nFor income earned in a calendar year, the ordinary income-tax return runs about February 16 to March 15 of the following year, with payment due by March 15. Gift tax for gifts received that year is filed about February 1 to March 15. A sole proprietor’s consumption-tax return and payment are ordinarily due by March 31. Estimated income-tax installments fall on July 31 and November 30 for taxpayers subject to prepayment.\nTiming notes\nRefund claims can be started before the general window and remain available for five years. Exact bank-transfer debit dates are published separately each year, and when a deadline falls on a weekend or holiday it shifts to the next business day. Always confirm the current-year dates on the NTA filing-special site.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-tax-return-deadlines","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-calendar","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan","guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"For the prior year: income tax is due around February 16–March 15, gift tax February 1–March 15, and sole-proprietor consumption tax by March 31; estimated tax falls in July and November; refund claims can start January 1 and run five years.\nIncome tax, gift tax, consumption tax, estimated payments, and refund-claim timing.\nIncome-tax return + payment: about February 16 to March 15.\nGift-tax return: about February 1 to March 15.\nSole-proprietor consumption tax: about March 31.\nEstimated tax installments: July 31 and November 30; refund claims: five years.\nThe expected schedule\nFor income earned in a calendar year, the ordinary income-tax return runs about February 16 to March 15 of the following year, with payment due by March 15. Gift tax for gifts received that year is filed about February 1 to March 15. A sole proprietor’s consumption-tax return and payment are ordinarily due by March 31. Estimated income-tax installments fall on July 31 and November 30 for taxpayers subject to prepayment.\nTiming notes\nRefund claims can be started before the general window and remain available for five years. Exact bank-transfer debit dates are published separately each year, and when a deadline falls on a weekend or holiday it shifts to the next business day. Always confirm the current-year dates on the NTA filing-special site.","url":"/en/tax/japan-tax-return-deadlines","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-tax-calendar:en","entityId":"guide:japan-tax-calendar","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan tax calendar","plainText":"The tax year runs January to December; withholding and monthly bookkeeping happen all year, resident tax is collected June to May, estimated tax falls in July and November, documents arrive in January, and returns are filed February–March.\nA month-by-month view of obligations for employees, freelancers, landlords, and investors.\nJanuary 1: start of the tax year; January-1 residence matters for resident tax.\nJune onward: resident tax collection begins, based on last year’s income.\nJuly 31 and November 30: estimated tax installments.\nJanuary: certificates arrive; February 16–March 15: file the return.\nThrough the year\nJanuary starts the income-tax year, and your January-1 municipality assesses resident tax. All year you reconcile payslips, invoices, bank feeds, securities transactions, crypto disposals, and deductible expenses. From June, resident tax for the year is collected (through the following May) based on the prior year. Employers gather year-end-adjustment documents in October–December, and December 31 fixes many dependent and deduction tests.\nFiling season\nIn January you obtain withholding certificates, annual broker reports, pension statements, and donation and insurance certificates. Gift-tax returns run February 1–March 15, income-tax returns February 16–March 15, and sole-proprietor consumption tax to March 31. Estimated tax, if applicable, is paid July 31 and November 30. Refund claims can be filed earlier and for five years.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-tax-calendar","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-return-deadlines","guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Shinjuku City","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"The tax year runs January to December; withholding and monthly bookkeeping happen all year, resident tax is collected June to May, estimated tax falls in July and November, documents arrive in January, and returns are filed February–March.\nA month-by-month view of obligations for employees, freelancers, landlords, and investors.\nJanuary 1: start of the tax year; January-1 residence matters for resident tax.\nJune onward: resident tax collection begins, based on last year’s income.\nJuly 31 and November 30: estimated tax installments.\nJanuary: certificates arrive; February 16–March 15: file the return.\nThrough the year\nJanuary starts the income-tax year, and your January-1 municipality assesses resident tax. All year you reconcile payslips, invoices, bank feeds, securities transactions, crypto disposals, and deductible expenses. From June, resident tax for the year is collected (through the following May) based on the prior year. Employers gather year-end-adjustment documents in October–December, and December 31 fixes many dependent and deduction tests.\nFiling season\nIn January you obtain withholding certificates, annual broker reports, pension statements, and donation and insurance certificates. Gift-tax returns run February 1–March 15, income-tax returns February 16–March 15, and sole-proprietor consumption tax to March 31. Estimated tax, if applicable, is paid July 31 and November 30. Refund claims can be filed earlier and for five years.","url":"/en/tax/japan-tax-calendar","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-use-e-tax:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-use-e-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to use e-Tax","plainText":"e-Tax is the free national electronic-filing system: authenticate with a My Number card (the standard route for new users since October 2025), prepare the return in the Return Preparation Corner, transmit it, and save the acceptance notice — payment is arranged separately.\nAccount setup, My Number authentication, filing, submission records, and common errors.\ne-Tax is free and prepares plus transmits national returns.\nA My Number card is the standard authentication for new users since October 2025.\nMynaportal can prefill supported salary, pension, medical, donation, insurance, and mortgage data.\nSave the acceptance notice; filing is separate from payment.\nSetup and authentication\nCreate an e-Tax account and authenticate. Because the NTA stopped issuing new ID-password credentials on October 1, 2025, new users authenticate with a My Number card via a smartphone or card reader. The card proves your identity so the return can be transmitted without paper. Existing ID-password users can continue under the transitional rules.\nFiling and records\nPrepare the return in the Return Preparation Corner, using Mynaportal to import supported certificates where available, then transmit. Keep the acceptance notice (受信通知) as proof of filing. Common snags are card-reader/app issues, an expired certificate, and confusing filing with payment — you still choose a payment method afterward.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/how-to-use-e-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.e-tax.nta.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/shinkoku/mynaportal/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"e-Tax is the free national electronic-filing system: authenticate with a My Number card (the standard route for new users since October 2025), prepare the return in the Return Preparation Corner, transmit it, and save the acceptance notice — payment is arranged separately.\nAccount setup, My Number authentication, filing, submission records, and common errors.\ne-Tax is free and prepares plus transmits national returns.\nA My Number card is the standard authentication for new users since October 2025.\nMynaportal can prefill supported salary, pension, medical, donation, insurance, and mortgage data.\nSave the acceptance notice; filing is separate from payment.\nSetup and authentication\nCreate an e-Tax account and authenticate. Because the NTA stopped issuing new ID-password credentials on October 1, 2025, new users authenticate with a My Number card via a smartphone or card reader. The card proves your identity so the return can be transmitted without paper. Existing ID-password users can continue under the transitional rules.\nFiling and records\nPrepare the return in the Return Preparation Corner, using Mynaportal to import supported certificates where available, then transmit. Keep the acceptance notice (受信通知) as proof of filing. Common snags are card-reader/app issues, an expired certificate, and confusing filing with payment — you still choose a payment method afterward.","url":"/en/tax/how-to-use-e-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Documents needed to file taxes in Japan","plainText":"The documents you need depend on your situation: withholding certificates for salary, ledgers and receipts for business, leases and loan statements for rental, annual reports for securities, transaction exports for crypto, and specific certificates for each deduction.\nA personalized document list by employment, business, rental, investment, overseas income, and deductions.\nEmployment: all withholding certificates and employer reimbursements.\nBusiness/rental: sales and expense ledgers, invoices, loan statements, fixed-asset list.\nInvestments: annual broker reports, dividend statements, crypto exports.\nDeductions: insurance, pension, medical, donation, and dependent documents.\nBy income type\nEmployment needs every withholding certificate (including from former employers) and reimbursement records. Business needs the sales ledger, invoices, bank and card exports, receipts, and the fixed-asset list. Rental needs the lease, rent ledger, purchase allocation between land and building, loan statement, and tax notices. Securities need annual transaction and dividend statements (plus foreign-broker CSVs), and crypto needs complete transaction exports, wallet addresses, and a cost-basis report.\nBy deduction\nEach deduction has its own evidence: insurance and pension certificates, medical statements with retained receipts, donation certificates, dependent relationship and (for overseas dependents) remittance documents, and — for the mortgage credit — loan balance, registry, contracts, and energy certificates. For gifts or inheritance, keep donor/decedent details, valuations, a family tree, and records of prior gifts.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","guide:how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"The documents you need depend on your situation: withholding certificates for salary, ledgers and receipts for business, leases and loan statements for rental, annual reports for securities, transaction exports for crypto, and specific certificates for each deduction.\nA personalized document list by employment, business, rental, investment, overseas income, and deductions.\nEmployment: all withholding certificates and employer reimbursements.\nBusiness/rental: sales and expense ledgers, invoices, loan statements, fixed-asset list.\nInvestments: annual broker reports, dividend statements, crypto exports.\nDeductions: insurance, pension, medical, donation, and dependent documents.\nBy income type\nEmployment needs every withholding certificate (including from former employers) and reimbursement records. Business needs the sales ledger, invoices, bank and card exports, receipts, and the fixed-asset list. Rental needs the lease, rent ledger, purchase allocation between land and building, loan statement, and tax notices. Securities need annual transaction and dividend statements (plus foreign-broker CSVs), and crypto needs complete transaction exports, wallet addresses, and a cost-basis report.\nBy deduction\nEach deduction has its own evidence: insurance and pension certificates, medical statements with retained receipts, donation certificates, dependent relationship and (for overseas dependents) remittance documents, and — for the mortgage credit — loan balance, registry, contracts, and energy certificates. For gifts or inheritance, keep donor/decedent details, valuations, a family tree, and records of prior gifts.","url":"/en/tax/documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to pay Japanese taxes","plainText":"Filing and payment are separate steps. You can pay national tax by account transfer (direct debit), internet banking, credit card, convenience store, smartphone app, e-Tax direct payment, or at the bank — keep proof of payment.\nBank transfer, account transfer (振替納税), online payment, card, and proof of payment.\nFiling is not payment — you must pay separately by the deadline.\nAccount transfer (振替納税) auto-debits on a published later date.\nOptions include internet banking, card, convenience store, and app payment.\nKeep proof of payment; card payments carry a fee.\nPayment methods\nNational tax can be paid by account transfer (振替納税), which auto-debits from your bank on a separately published date; by internet banking or direct payment through e-Tax; by credit card (with a processing fee); at a convenience store with a QR/barcode within limits; by smartphone app payment; or in cash at a bank or tax office. Account transfer is convenient because it moves the debit date later than the filing deadline.\nProof and timing\nWhatever method you choose, keep evidence — the receipt, bank record, or e-Tax payment record. Interest for late payment (延滞税) accrues from the day after the deadline, so pay on time even if you filed early. If you genuinely cannot pay, contact the tax office promptly about a grace of payment rather than ignoring the bill.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes","guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/nozei/nofu.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Filing and payment are separate steps. You can pay national tax by account transfer (direct debit), internet banking, credit card, convenience store, smartphone app, e-Tax direct payment, or at the bank — keep proof of payment.\nBank transfer, account transfer (振替納税), online payment, card, and proof of payment.\nFiling is not payment — you must pay separately by the deadline.\nAccount transfer (振替納税) auto-debits on a published later date.\nOptions include internet banking, card, convenience store, and app payment.\nKeep proof of payment; card payments carry a fee.\nPayment methods\nNational tax can be paid by account transfer (振替納税), which auto-debits from your bank on a separately published date; by internet banking or direct payment through e-Tax; by credit card (with a processing fee); at a convenience store with a QR/barcode within limits; by smartphone app payment; or in cash at a bank or tax office. Account transfer is convenient because it moves the debit date later than the filing deadline.\nProof and timing\nWhatever method you choose, keep evidence — the receipt, bank record, or e-Tax payment record. Interest for late payment (延滞税) accrues from the day after the deadline, so pay on time even if you filed early. If you genuinely cannot pay, contact the tax office promptly about a grace of payment rather than ignoring the bill.","url":"/en/tax/how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Estimated tax payments in Japan","plainText":"If your prior-year return produces a sufficient prepayment base, the NTA sends a notice and you prepay income tax in two installments (July 31 and November 30), each about one-third of the base, reconciled on your next return — with a reduction application available if income drops.\nWho gets notices, the July and November installments, the calculation basis, and reduction applications.\nTriggered when your prepayment base from the prior year is high enough.\nTwo installments: July 31 and November 30, each ~one-third of the base.\nIt is a prepayment reconciled on the following year’s return.\nA reduction application is possible when current income falls substantially.\nWho pays and how much\nWhen your prior-year return leaves a prepayment base above the statutory line, the tax office notifies you and you prepay in July and November. Each installment is commonly one-third of the base. This is not an extra tax — it is your next year’s income tax paid early, and the two installments plus withholding are credited when you file.\nReduction applications\nIf your current-year income will be substantially lower — you closed a business, took leave, or lost a major client — you can apply to reduce the prepayment so you are not overpaying and waiting for a refund. Apply by the published deadline with supporting estimates. The final reconciliation still happens on your return.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/estimated-tax-payments-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan","guide:japan-tax-calendar"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2039.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"If your prior-year return produces a sufficient prepayment base, the NTA sends a notice and you prepay income tax in two installments (July 31 and November 30), each about one-third of the base, reconciled on your next return — with a reduction application available if income drops.\nWho gets notices, the July and November installments, the calculation basis, and reduction applications.\nTriggered when your prepayment base from the prior year is high enough.\nTwo installments: July 31 and November 30, each ~one-third of the base.\nIt is a prepayment reconciled on the following year’s return.\nA reduction application is possible when current income falls substantially.\nWho pays and how much\nWhen your prior-year return leaves a prepayment base above the statutory line, the tax office notifies you and you prepay in July and November. Each installment is commonly one-third of the base. This is not an extra tax — it is your next year’s income tax paid early, and the two installments plus withholding are credited when you file.\nReduction applications\nIf your current-year income will be substantially lower — you closed a business, took leave, or lost a major client — you can apply to reduce the prepayment so you are not overpaying and waiting for a refund. Apply by the published deadline with supporting estimates. The final reconciliation still happens on your return.","url":"/en/tax/estimated-tax-payments-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How long to keep tax records in Japan","plainText":"Blue-return books and most business records are generally kept seven years (some categories five); white-return taxpayers have five- and seven-year obligations; consumption-tax invoices are kept seven years; and medical receipts for a filed deduction are kept five years.\nRetention periods for employees, blue and white returns, digital records, receipts, and invoices.\nBlue return: books and key records generally seven years (some five).\nWhite return: five- and seven-year retention obligations still apply.\nConsumption-tax invoices and books: seven years.\nMedical receipts for a filed deduction: five years.\nThe retention periods\nFor a blue-return sole proprietor, journals, ledgers, and most supporting documents are generally kept seven years, with some categories (certain receipts) five. White-return taxpayers also face five- and seven-year obligations. Consumption-tax records — books and the invoices needed for input credits — are generally kept seven years. Employees keep their withholding certificates and, for a filed medical deduction, receipts for five years.\nDigital records\nUnder the electronic-record rules, invoices and documents you receive electronically generally must be preserved electronically — you cannot simply print and discard the digital original. Keep a consistent, searchable filing system, because the retention clock runs from the filing deadline and applies across audit, refund, and loss-carryforward periods.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","guide:consumption-tax-freelancers-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2080.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Blue-return books and most business records are generally kept seven years (some categories five); white-return taxpayers have five- and seven-year obligations; consumption-tax invoices are kept seven years; and medical receipts for a filed deduction are kept five years.\nRetention periods for employees, blue and white returns, digital records, receipts, and invoices.\nBlue return: books and key records generally seven years (some five).\nWhite return: five- and seven-year retention obligations still apply.\nConsumption-tax invoices and books: seven years.\nMedical receipts for a filed deduction: five years.\nThe retention periods\nFor a blue-return sole proprietor, journals, ledgers, and most supporting documents are generally kept seven years, with some categories (certain receipts) five. White-return taxpayers also face five- and seven-year obligations. Consumption-tax records — books and the invoices needed for input credits — are generally kept seven years. Employees keep their withholding certificates and, for a filed medical deduction, receipts for five years.\nDigital records\nUnder the electronic-record rules, invoices and documents you receive electronically generally must be preserved electronically — you cannot simply print and discard the digital original. Keep a consistent, searchable filing system, because the retention clock runs from the filing deadline and applies across audit, refund, and loss-carryforward periods.","url":"/en/tax/how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mistake-on-your-tax-return:en","entityId":"guide:mistake-on-your-tax-return","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What to do if you made a mistake on your tax return","plainText":"If you paid too little, file an amended return (修正申告); if you paid too much, file a request for correction (更正の請求) — generally within five years — and a voluntary correction before an audit notice avoids the ordinary understatement penalty.\nAmended returns, requests for correction, supporting records, and deadlines.\nUnderreported tax → amended return (修正申告).\nOverreported tax → request for correction (更正の請求), generally within five years.\nVoluntary correction before an audit notice avoids the understatement penalty (interest may remain).\nA wrong resident-tax notice is fixed with the municipality, not the tax office.\nFixing an error\nIf you understated tax, file an amended return and pay the difference; if you overstated it, file a request for correction to reclaim the excess, generally within five years of the original deadline. Attach the records that support the change. If the mistake was in a payer’s withholding certificate, ask the payer to correct it before adjusting your return.\nPenalties and timing\nA voluntary correction made before the tax office contacts you generally avoids the understatement penalty, though delinquent interest can still apply for the period the tax was unpaid. The sooner you correct, the lower the cost. For a resident-tax notice error, contact your municipality — the national tax office cannot fix a municipal assessment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/mistake-on-your-tax-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan","guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/shinkokusho/kakutei.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2030.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"If you paid too little, file an amended return (修正申告); if you paid too much, file a request for correction (更正の請求) — generally within five years — and a voluntary correction before an audit notice avoids the ordinary understatement penalty.\nAmended returns, requests for correction, supporting records, and deadlines.\nUnderreported tax → amended return (修正申告).\nOverreported tax → request for correction (更正の請求), generally within five years.\nVoluntary correction before an audit notice avoids the understatement penalty (interest may remain).\nA wrong resident-tax notice is fixed with the municipality, not the tax office.\nFixing an error\nIf you understated tax, file an amended return and pay the difference; if you overstated it, file a request for correction to reclaim the excess, generally within five years of the original deadline. Attach the records that support the change. If the mistake was in a payer’s withholding certificate, ask the payer to correct it before adjusting your return.\nPenalties and timing\nA voluntary correction made before the tax office contacts you generally avoids the understatement penalty, though delinquent interest can still apply for the period the tax was unpaid. The sooner you correct, the lower the cost. For a resident-tax notice error, contact your municipality — the national tax office cannot fix a municipal assessment.","url":"/en/tax/mistake-on-your-tax-return","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Late tax returns in Japan","plainText":"You can still file after the deadline as a late return (期限後申告); filing voluntarily before the tax office contacts you reduces the non-filing penalty, but delinquent tax accrues from the day after the deadline — so file and pay as soon as possible.\nThe late-return procedure, penalties, voluntary filing, and payment arrangements.\nLate filing is possible via 期限後申告 — do not skip filing entirely.\nVoluntary filing before contact reduces the non-filing penalty.\nDelinquent tax accrues from the day after the deadline.\nIf you cannot pay, ask about a grace of payment rather than not filing.\nFiling late\nThe procedure is the same return, filed after the deadline. The key is to file voluntarily: if you come forward before the tax office contacts you, the non-filing penalty is generally lighter than if they find it first. Several late years can be filed together; a 税理士 can help if records are incomplete or income was omitted.\nPaying and penalties\nDelinquent tax runs from the day after the original deadline, so pay as soon as you file. Non-filing and understatement penalties, and aggravated penalties for concealment, depend on conduct, timing, and disclosure. If you cannot pay in full, contact the office about a grace of payment — usually available for up to a year where conditions are met.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/late-tax-returns-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:mistake-on-your-tax-return","guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2024.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"You can still file after the deadline as a late return (期限後申告); filing voluntarily before the tax office contacts you reduces the non-filing penalty, but delinquent tax accrues from the day after the deadline — so file and pay as soon as possible.\nThe late-return procedure, penalties, voluntary filing, and payment arrangements.\nLate filing is possible via 期限後申告 — do not skip filing entirely.\nVoluntary filing before contact reduces the non-filing penalty.\nDelinquent tax accrues from the day after the deadline.\nIf you cannot pay, ask about a grace of payment rather than not filing.\nFiling late\nThe procedure is the same return, filed after the deadline. The key is to file voluntarily: if you come forward before the tax office contacts you, the non-filing penalty is generally lighter than if they find it first. Several late years can be filed together; a 税理士 can help if records are incomplete or income was omitted.\nPaying and penalties\nDelinquent tax runs from the day after the original deadline, so pay as soon as you file. Non-filing and understatement penalties, and aggravated penalties for concealment, depend on conduct, timing, and disclosure. If you cannot pay in full, contact the office about a grace of payment — usually available for up to a year where conditions are met.","url":"/en/tax/late-tax-returns-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest:en","entityId":"guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan tax penalties and interest","plainText":"Japan adds penalties for understating, not filing, or not paying tax — plus aggravated penalties for concealment and delinquent interest (about 2.8% then 9.1% in 2026). Correcting voluntarily before the tax office contacts you generally reduces or removes the penalty.\nUnderstatement, non-filing, non-payment, aggravated penalties, and delinquent interest.\nUnderstatement, non-filing, and non-payment each have their own additional tax.\nConcealment or falsification triggers a heavier aggravated penalty (重加算税).\n2026 delinquent-tax rates: about 2.8% initially, 9.1% after the initial period.\nVoluntary correction before contact generally lowers or removes the penalty.\nThe penalties\nThe understatement penalty applies when an amended return increases tax; the non-filing penalty applies when no return was filed by the deadline; the non-payment (unpaid-withholding) penalty applies to certain withholding failures; and the aggravated penalty (重加算税) applies where facts were concealed or falsified. Rates depend on the amount and whether you disclosed before or after tax-office contact.\nDelinquent interest\nSeparately from penalties, delinquent tax (延滞税) accrues on unpaid tax from the day after the deadline. Under the statutory formula the 2026 rates are roughly 2.8% for the initial period and 9.1% afterward, so the cost climbs the longer tax stays unpaid. Because voluntary correction cuts penalties but not necessarily interest, act quickly on both filing and payment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan","guide:mistake-on-your-tax-return","guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2024.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/nozei/entaizei/keisan/entai.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Japan adds penalties for understating, not filing, or not paying tax — plus aggravated penalties for concealment and delinquent interest (about 2.8% then 9.1% in 2026). Correcting voluntarily before the tax office contacts you generally reduces or removes the penalty.\nUnderstatement, non-filing, non-payment, aggravated penalties, and delinquent interest.\nUnderstatement, non-filing, and non-payment each have their own additional tax.\nConcealment or falsification triggers a heavier aggravated penalty (重加算税).\n2026 delinquent-tax rates: about 2.8% initially, 9.1% after the initial period.\nVoluntary correction before contact generally lowers or removes the penalty.\nThe penalties\nThe understatement penalty applies when an amended return increases tax; the non-filing penalty applies when no return was filed by the deadline; the non-payment (unpaid-withholding) penalty applies to certain withholding failures; and the aggravated penalty (重加算税) applies where facts were concealed or falsified. Rates depend on the amount and whether you disclosed before or after tax-office contact.\nDelinquent interest\nSeparately from penalties, delinquent tax (延滞税) accrues on unpaid tax from the day after the deadline. Under the statutory formula the 2026 rates are roughly 2.8% for the initial period and 9.1% afterward, so the cost climbs the longer tax stays unpaid. Because voluntary correction cuts penalties but not necessarily interest, act quickly on both filing and payment.","url":"/en/tax/japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes:en","entityId":"guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What to do when you cannot pay your taxes","plainText":"Do not ignore the bill: contact the tax office promptly and apply for a grace of payment, which can ordinarily be granted for up to a year with installments and reduced or waived delinquent tax — ignoring it risks enforcement against your assets.\nContacting the tax office, payment grace, documentation, installments, and avoiding enforcement.\nContact the tax office before the bill goes to enforcement.\nA grace of payment can run up to a year with installments.\nGrace can reduce or waive some delinquent tax.\nYou generally still must file on time even if you cannot pay in full.\nApplying for grace\nIf paying in full would make it hard to sustain your business or living, apply for a grace of payment. With supporting documentation of your financial situation, the office can grant a grace — ordinarily up to one year — allowing installments and, in qualifying cases, reducing or waiving delinquent tax. The point is to engage early rather than let the debt escalate.\nAvoiding enforcement\nUnaddressed tax debt can lead to demands and eventually seizure of assets such as bank accounts or receivables. Filing on time (even when you cannot pay) and opening a conversation about payment both help. If the amount is large or your situation is complex, a 税理士 can help present the application and negotiate terms.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/nozei/nofu_konnan.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Do not ignore the bill: contact the tax office promptly and apply for a grace of payment, which can ordinarily be granted for up to a year with installments and reduced or waived delinquent tax — ignoring it risks enforcement against your assets.\nContacting the tax office, payment grace, documentation, installments, and avoiding enforcement.\nContact the tax office before the bill goes to enforcement.\nA grace of payment can run up to a year with installments.\nGrace can reduce or waive some delinquent tax.\nYou generally still must file on time even if you cannot pay in full.\nApplying for grace\nIf paying in full would make it hard to sustain your business or living, apply for a grace of payment. With supporting documentation of your financial situation, the office can grant a grace — ordinarily up to one year — allowing installments and, in qualifying cases, reducing or waiving delinquent tax. The point is to engage early rather than let the debt escalate.\nAvoiding enforcement\nUnaddressed tax debt can lead to demands and eventually seizure of assets such as bank accounts or receivables. Filing on time (even when you cannot pay) and opening a conversation about payment both help. If the amount is large or your situation is complex, a 税理士 can help present the application and negotiate terms.","url":"/en/tax/what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices:en","entityId":"guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Understanding Japanese tax notices","plainText":"Tax mail comes from two authorities: the national tax office (income tax, estimated-payment notices, corrections, demands) and your municipality (resident tax) — identify which tax and which office before you respond, and never ignore a demand.\nNational tax notices, resident-tax notices, estimated-payment notices, corrections, and payment demands.\nNational tax office: income-tax, estimated-payment, correction, and demand notices.\nMunicipality: resident-tax assessment and payment notices.\nA correction notice (更正) changes your assessed tax — check the reason.\nA demand (督促) is a serious step before enforcement — act on it.\nKinds of notice\nFrom the tax office you may receive an estimated-payment notice (July/November prepayment), a correction notice (更正) changing your assessed tax, or a payment demand (督促). From your municipality you receive the resident-tax assessment and payment slips. Each states an amount, a reason or basis, and a deadline — read all three before acting.\nResponding correctly\nMatch the notice to the right office: a resident-tax error is fixed by the municipality, not the tax office, and vice versa. If you disagree with a correction, there are objection procedures with their own deadlines. If a notice is an information request or audit notice, prepare your records and consider professional representation before responding.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/understanding-japanese-tax-notices","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","guide:national-vs-municipal-tax-problems","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Shinjuku City","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Tax mail comes from two authorities: the national tax office (income tax, estimated-payment notices, corrections, demands) and your municipality (resident tax) — identify which tax and which office before you respond, and never ignore a demand.\nNational tax notices, resident-tax notices, estimated-payment notices, corrections, and payment demands.\nNational tax office: income-tax, estimated-payment, correction, and demand notices.\nMunicipality: resident-tax assessment and payment notices.\nA correction notice (更正) changes your assessed tax — check the reason.\nA demand (督促) is a serious step before enforcement — act on it.\nKinds of notice\nFrom the tax office you may receive an estimated-payment notice (July/November prepayment), a correction notice (更正) changing your assessed tax, or a payment demand (督促). From your municipality you receive the resident-tax assessment and payment slips. Each states an amount, a reason or basis, and a deadline — read all three before acting.\nResponding correctly\nMatch the notice to the right office: a resident-tax error is fixed by the municipality, not the tax office, and vice versa. If you disagree with a correction, there are objection procedures with their own deadlines. If a notice is an information request or audit notice, prepare your records and consider professional representation before responding.","url":"/en/tax/understanding-japanese-tax-notices","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals:en","entityId":"guide:japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan tax audit guide for individuals","plainText":"A tax examination is usually a document-based review of your income and expenses; prepare by organizing your books and evidence, you may be represented by a 税理士, and the common mistakes are guessing, hiding records, or answering beyond what you know.\nAudit triggers, requests for information, preparation, representation, and common mistakes.\nAudits often follow anomalies: large deductions, cash businesses, or inconsistent records.\nYou will be asked for books, invoices, and evidence — organize them in advance.\nYou may be represented by a licensed tax accountant (税理士).\nDo not guess or conceal; answer accurately and provide supporting records.\nPreparation\nIf you are notified of an examination, gather your books, invoices, contracts, bank and card records, and the documentation behind any large or unusual deductions. The examiner tests whether your reported income and expenses match your records and reality. Reconstructing missing records and reconciling accounts before the visit reduces friction and surprises.\nDuring and after\nYou may appoint a licensed tax accountant to attend and represent you. Answer questions accurately, provide the records requested, and avoid guessing or concealment — an aggravated penalty applies to falsification. If the examiner proposes adjustments you dispute, there are objection procedures. For anything beyond routine, professional representation is worthwhile.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices","guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/tetsuzuki/chosa_shido/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"A tax examination is usually a document-based review of your income and expenses; prepare by organizing your books and evidence, you may be represented by a 税理士, and the common mistakes are guessing, hiding records, or answering beyond what you know.\nAudit triggers, requests for information, preparation, representation, and common mistakes.\nAudits often follow anomalies: large deductions, cash businesses, or inconsistent records.\nYou will be asked for books, invoices, and evidence — organize them in advance.\nYou may be represented by a licensed tax accountant (税理士).\nDo not guess or conceal; answer accurately and provide supporting records.\nPreparation\nIf you are notified of an examination, gather your books, invoices, contracts, bank and card records, and the documentation behind any large or unusual deductions. The examiner tests whether your reported income and expenses match your records and reality. Reconstructing missing records and reconciling accounts before the visit reduces friction and surprises.\nDuring and after\nYou may appoint a licensed tax accountant to attend and represent you. Answer questions accurately, provide the records requested, and avoid guessing or concealment — an aggravated penalty applies to falsification. If the examiner proposes adjustments you dispute, there are objection procedures. For anything beyond routine, professional representation is worthwhile.","url":"/en/tax/japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:national-vs-municipal-tax-problems:en","entityId":"guide:national-vs-municipal-tax-problems","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"National tax problems vs municipal tax problems","plainText":"Income tax, consumption tax, gift and inheritance tax are national — handled by the tax office (税務署); resident tax, individual enterprise tax, fixed-asset and city-planning tax, and real-estate acquisition tax are local — handled by your municipality or prefecture.\nWhich authority to contact for income tax, resident tax, property tax, enterprise tax, or a notice error.\nNational (税務署): income tax, consumption tax, gift and inheritance tax.\nMunicipal: resident tax, fixed-asset and city-planning tax.\nPrefectural: individual enterprise tax, real-estate acquisition tax, automobile tax.\nFix a resident-tax error with the municipality, not the tax office.\nWho handles what\nThe national tax office administers income tax, consumption tax, and gift and inheritance tax. Your municipality administers resident tax plus fixed-asset and city-planning tax; your prefecture administers individual enterprise tax, real-estate acquisition tax, and automobile tax. Because resident tax is calculated from data the national system shares, a change in your income tax can ripple into resident tax — but the resident-tax notice itself is corrected locally.\nRouting a problem\nBefore you call, identify the tax on the notice and route to the matching office. A national correction is filed with the tax office; a municipal assessment error is raised with the city; an enterprise-tax or acquisition-tax question goes to the prefecture. Contacting the wrong authority wastes time and can miss a short objection deadline.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/national-vs-municipal-tax-problems","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Shinjuku City","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Income tax, consumption tax, gift and inheritance tax are national — handled by the tax office (税務署); resident tax, individual enterprise tax, fixed-asset and city-planning tax, and real-estate acquisition tax are local — handled by your municipality or prefecture.\nWhich authority to contact for income tax, resident tax, property tax, enterprise tax, or a notice error.\nNational (税務署): income tax, consumption tax, gift and inheritance tax.\nMunicipal: resident tax, fixed-asset and city-planning tax.\nPrefectural: individual enterprise tax, real-estate acquisition tax, automobile tax.\nFix a resident-tax error with the municipality, not the tax office.\nWho handles what\nThe national tax office administers income tax, consumption tax, and gift and inheritance tax. Your municipality administers resident tax plus fixed-asset and city-planning tax; your prefecture administers individual enterprise tax, real-estate acquisition tax, and automobile tax. Because resident tax is calculated from data the national system shares, a change in your income tax can ripple into resident tax — but the resident-tax notice itself is corrected locally.\nRouting a problem\nBefore you call, identify the tax on the notice and route to the matching office. A national correction is filed with the tax office; a municipal assessment error is raised with the city; an enterprise-tax or acquisition-tax question goes to the prefecture. Contacting the wrong authority wastes time and can miss a short objection deadline.","url":"/en/tax/national-vs-municipal-tax-problems","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:employee-taxes-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:employee-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Employee taxes in Japan","plainText":"As an employee, income tax and social insurance are withheld from each payslip and reconciled by year-end adjustment; resident tax is billed the next year; and you only file a return for side income, medical expenses, the first mortgage year, or a mid-year job exit.\nPayroll deductions, year-end adjustment, resident tax, deductions, refunds, and when you must file.\nIncome tax and social insurance are withheld from each payslip.\nYear-end adjustment reconciles most employees’ income tax.\nResident tax (~10%) is billed the following year.\nFile a return for side income, medical costs, the first mortgage year, or a mid-year exit.\nWhat comes out of your pay\nEach payslip deducts employee health insurance, employee pension, employment insurance, nursing-care insurance where applicable, national income-tax withholding, and (once you have a prior-year assessment) resident tax. Taxable salary and social-insurance remuneration are not identical, so the figures rarely match line for line.\nWhen employees still file\nYear-end adjustment covers the salary your employer paid, but it cannot cover side income above ¥200,000, a second unadjusted job, rental or investment income, the medical deduction, donations beyond one-stop, or the first mortgage-credit year. In those cases you file a return that starts from your withholding certificate. Leaving a job before year-end usually means filing for a refund.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/employee-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file","faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","guide:year-end-adjustment-guide","guide:taxes-on-employee-side-income"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/users/gensen/nencho/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Shinjuku City","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"As an employee, income tax and social insurance are withheld from each payslip and reconciled by year-end adjustment; resident tax is billed the next year; and you only file a return for side income, medical expenses, the first mortgage year, or a mid-year job exit.\nPayroll deductions, year-end adjustment, resident tax, deductions, refunds, and when you must file.\nIncome tax and social insurance are withheld from each payslip.\nYear-end adjustment reconciles most employees’ income tax.\nResident tax (~10%) is billed the following year.\nFile a return for side income, medical costs, the first mortgage year, or a mid-year exit.\nWhat comes out of your pay\nEach payslip deducts employee health insurance, employee pension, employment insurance, nursing-care insurance where applicable, national income-tax withholding, and (once you have a prior-year assessment) resident tax. Taxable salary and social-insurance remuneration are not identical, so the figures rarely match line for line.\nWhen employees still file\nYear-end adjustment covers the salary your employer paid, but it cannot cover side income above ¥200,000, a second unadjusted job, rental or investment income, the medical deduction, donations beyond one-stop, or the first mortgage-credit year. In those cases you file a return that starts from your withholding certificate. Leaving a job before year-end usually means filing for a refund.","url":"/en/tax/employee-taxes-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to read a Japanese payslip","plainText":"A payslip has three blocks: payments (basic salary, allowances, overtime, bonus), deductions (health insurance, pension, employment insurance, income-tax and resident-tax withholding), and net pay — and the taxable base differs from the social-insurance base.\nSalary, allowances, overtime, taxable benefits, social insurance, income tax, resident tax, and net pay.\nPayments: basic salary, allowances, overtime, commuting reimbursement, bonus.\nDeductions: health insurance, pension, employment insurance, income tax, resident tax.\nCommuting reimbursement is often non-taxable up to limits.\nThe taxable base and the social-insurance base are calculated differently.\nThe three blocks\nPayments (支給) list basic salary, allowances, overtime, taxable benefits, commuting reimbursement, and any bonus. Deductions (控除) list employee health insurance, employee pension, employment insurance, nursing-care insurance where applicable, national income-tax withholding, and resident-tax withholding. Net pay (差引支給額) is what lands in your account. Commuting reimbursement is often non-taxable up to a limit even though it appears in payments.\nWhy the bases differ\nIncome-tax withholding is based on taxable pay and your dependent declaration; employee-pension premiums are based on standardized remuneration that can include basic salary, overtime, and commuting and housing allowances. Because the two bases differ, a change in one deduction does not move the other proportionally. Resident tax appears only once you have a prior-year assessment, which is why it starts in your second June.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","guide:employee-taxes-in-japan","guide:why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"A payslip has three blocks: payments (basic salary, allowances, overtime, bonus), deductions (health insurance, pension, employment insurance, income-tax and resident-tax withholding), and net pay — and the taxable base differs from the social-insurance base.\nSalary, allowances, overtime, taxable benefits, social insurance, income tax, resident tax, and net pay.\nPayments: basic salary, allowances, overtime, commuting reimbursement, bonus.\nDeductions: health insurance, pension, employment insurance, income tax, resident tax.\nCommuting reimbursement is often non-taxable up to limits.\nThe taxable base and the social-insurance base are calculated differently.\nThe three blocks\nPayments (支給) list basic salary, allowances, overtime, taxable benefits, commuting reimbursement, and any bonus. Deductions (控除) list employee health insurance, employee pension, employment insurance, nursing-care insurance where applicable, national income-tax withholding, and resident-tax withholding. Net pay (差引支給額) is what lands in your account. Commuting reimbursement is often non-taxable up to a limit even though it appears in payments.\nWhy the bases differ\nIncome-tax withholding is based on taxable pay and your dependent declaration; employee-pension premiums are based on standardized remuneration that can include basic salary, overtime, and commuting and housing allowances. Because the two bases differ, a change in one deduction does not move the other proportionally. Resident tax appears only once you have a prior-year assessment, which is why it starts in your second June.","url":"/en/tax/how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to read a Japanese withholding certificate","plainText":"The 源泉徴収票 summarizes your year: 支払金額 is gross pay, 給与所得控除後の金額 is income after the employment deduction, 所得控除の額の合計額 is your deductions, and 源泉徴収税額 is tax withheld — the figures you carry to a return.\nEvery major 源泉徴収票 field, how the totals connect, and how you use it on a return.\n支払金額 = gross employment payments for the year.\n給与所得控除後の金額 = income after the employment-income deduction.\n所得控除の額の合計額 = total income deductions applied in payroll.\n源泉徴収税額 = income tax + reconstruction surtax withheld.\nThe main fields\nRead top to bottom: 支払金額 (gross pay), 給与所得控除後の金額 (income after the employment deduction), 所得控除の額の合計額 (total deductions reflected), 源泉徴収税額 (tax withheld), 社会保険料等の金額 (social-insurance amount), 控除対象扶養親族等 (recognized dependents), 住宅借入金等特別控除の額 (housing credit used via payroll), and 摘要 (notes, former-employer entries, special categories).\nUsing it\nWhen you file — for side income, medical expenses, or a refund — the certificate provides your salary figures and withholding, so you do not recompute them. If you changed jobs, give the new employer the former employer’s certificate so year-end adjustment can combine both; if that did not happen, use both certificates on your return.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","guide:taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"The 源泉徴収票 summarizes your year: 支払金額 is gross pay, 給与所得控除後の金額 is income after the employment deduction, 所得控除の額の合計額 is your deductions, and 源泉徴収税額 is tax withheld — the figures you carry to a return.\nEvery major 源泉徴収票 field, how the totals connect, and how you use it on a return.\n支払金額 = gross employment payments for the year.\n給与所得控除後の金額 = income after the employment-income deduction.\n所得控除の額の合計額 = total income deductions applied in payroll.\n源泉徴収税額 = income tax + reconstruction surtax withheld.\nThe main fields\nRead top to bottom: 支払金額 (gross pay), 給与所得控除後の金額 (income after the employment deduction), 所得控除の額の合計額 (total deductions reflected), 源泉徴収税額 (tax withheld), 社会保険料等の金額 (social-insurance amount), 控除対象扶養親族等 (recognized dependents), 住宅借入金等特別控除の額 (housing credit used via payroll), and 摘要 (notes, former-employer entries, special categories).\nUsing it\nWhen you file — for side income, medical expenses, or a refund — the certificate provides your salary figures and withholding, so you do not recompute them. If you changed jobs, give the new employer the former employer’s certificate so year-end adjustment can combine both; if that did not happen, use both certificates on your return.","url":"/en/tax/how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:year-end-adjustment-guide:en","entityId":"guide:year-end-adjustment-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Year-end adjustment guide","plainText":"Year-end adjustment is your employer applying your basic, spouse, dependent, social-insurance, and insurance deductions (plus the mortgage credit from year two) to reconcile your income tax — submit the declaration forms and insurance certificates on time.\nThe documents, deductions, employer workflow, what it covers, and common employee mistakes.\nYou submit declaration forms plus insurance and iDeCo certificates.\nIt applies most common deductions but not medical, donations, or the first mortgage year.\nFrom the second year the mortgage credit can run through payroll.\nA former-employer certificate lets a combined adjustment happen.\nDocuments and deductions\nYou submit the basic/spouse/dependent declaration, the insurance-premium declaration with certificates, and (from year two) the mortgage-credit statement. The employer then applies the basic, spouse and spouse-special, dependent, social-insurance, and life/earthquake-insurance deductions and produces your withholding certificate. Small-business-mutual-aid and iDeCo contributions can be included with certificates.\nWhat it misses\nYear-end adjustment cannot handle the medical deduction, donations beyond one-stop, the first mortgage-credit year, or any non-salary income — those need a return. The most common mistakes are missing the submission deadline, forgetting an insurance certificate, and assuming the adjustment covers a side gig it does not.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/year-end-adjustment-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:employee-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/users/gensen/nencho/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Year-end adjustment is your employer applying your basic, spouse, dependent, social-insurance, and insurance deductions (plus the mortgage credit from year two) to reconcile your income tax — submit the declaration forms and insurance certificates on time.\nThe documents, deductions, employer workflow, what it covers, and common employee mistakes.\nYou submit declaration forms plus insurance and iDeCo certificates.\nIt applies most common deductions but not medical, donations, or the first mortgage year.\nFrom the second year the mortgage credit can run through payroll.\nA former-employer certificate lets a combined adjustment happen.\nDocuments and deductions\nYou submit the basic/spouse/dependent declaration, the insurance-premium declaration with certificates, and (from year two) the mortgage-credit statement. The employer then applies the basic, spouse and spouse-special, dependent, social-insurance, and life/earthquake-insurance deductions and produces your withholding certificate. Small-business-mutual-aid and iDeCo contributions can be included with certificates.\nWhat it misses\nYear-end adjustment cannot handle the medical deduction, donations beyond one-stop, the first mortgage-credit year, or any non-salary income — those need a return. The most common mistakes are missing the submission deadline, forgetting an insurance certificate, and assuming the adjustment covers a side gig it does not.","url":"/en/tax/year-end-adjustment-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes when changing jobs in Japan","plainText":"Give your new employer the former employer’s withholding certificate so they can combine both salaries in year-end adjustment; if there was a gap, a second unadjusted job, or a missing certificate, you file a return to reconcile.\nFormer-employer certificate, combined adjustment, employment gaps, and final returns.\nHand the former-employer certificate to the new employer promptly.\nA combined year-end adjustment settles both salaries.\nAn employment gap can change social insurance and withholding.\nIf no combined adjustment happens, file a return with both certificates.\nCombining your salaries\nWhen you change employers within a year, the new employer can perform year-end adjustment on both jobs — but only if you provide the former employer’s withholding certificate. That certificate carries your prior salary and withholding so the combined calculation is correct. Request it from the old employer if it does not arrive.\nGaps and returns\nA gap between jobs can affect health-insurance and pension enrollment (you may have paid national health insurance and national pension in between), and those premiums are deductible. If the new employer could not combine the certificates, or you had other income, file a return using both certificates. Leaving employment entirely before year-end usually means filing for a refund.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job","guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","guide:year-end-adjustment-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/users/gensen/nencho/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Give your new employer the former employer’s withholding certificate so they can combine both salaries in year-end adjustment; if there was a gap, a second unadjusted job, or a missing certificate, you file a return to reconcile.\nFormer-employer certificate, combined adjustment, employment gaps, and final returns.\nHand the former-employer certificate to the new employer promptly.\nA combined year-end adjustment settles both salaries.\nAn employment gap can change social insurance and withholding.\nIf no combined adjustment happens, file a return with both certificates.\nCombining your salaries\nWhen you change employers within a year, the new employer can perform year-end adjustment on both jobs — but only if you provide the former employer’s withholding certificate. That certificate carries your prior salary and withholding so the combined calculation is correct. Request it from the old employer if it does not arrive.\nGaps and returns\nA gap between jobs can affect health-insurance and pension enrollment (you may have paid national health insurance and national pension in between), and those premiums are deductible. If the new employer could not combine the certificates, or you had other income, file a return using both certificates. Leaving employment entirely before year-end usually means filing for a refund.","url":"/en/tax/taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes after leaving a job","plainText":"Leaving before year-end means no employer reconciles your tax, so file a refund return; meanwhile resident tax continues on last year’s income, statutory unemployment benefits are generally tax-free, and you must switch health insurance and pension.\nNo year-end adjustment, refund filings, resident tax, unemployment benefits, and insurance transitions.\nNo year-end adjustment → file a refund return.\nResident tax continues based on last year’s income, regardless of unemployment.\nStatutory unemployment (job-seeker) benefits are generally not taxable.\nSwitch to national health insurance and national pension (both deductible).\nFiling for a refund\nEmployers withhold assuming a full year of salary, so leaving mid-year usually means too much was withheld. File a refund return using your withholding certificate; you can add the medical deduction, donations, and social-insurance premiums you paid after leaving. You have five years to claim, but filing early gets your money back sooner.\nResident tax and insurance\nResident tax is based on the prior year, so it keeps arriving even while you are unemployed — budget for it. Statutory job-seeker benefits are generally tax-free and do not count like salary for spouse tests, but private income-replacement payments can differ. After leaving, enroll in national health insurance and national pension (or a dependent/voluntary-continuation option), and keep the premium receipts because they are deductible.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-after-leaving-a-job","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","guide:severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2030.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Shinjuku City","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Leaving before year-end means no employer reconciles your tax, so file a refund return; meanwhile resident tax continues on last year’s income, statutory unemployment benefits are generally tax-free, and you must switch health insurance and pension.\nNo year-end adjustment, refund filings, resident tax, unemployment benefits, and insurance transitions.\nNo year-end adjustment → file a refund return.\nResident tax continues based on last year’s income, regardless of unemployment.\nStatutory unemployment (job-seeker) benefits are generally not taxable.\nSwitch to national health insurance and national pension (both deductible).\nFiling for a refund\nEmployers withhold assuming a full year of salary, so leaving mid-year usually means too much was withheld. File a refund return using your withholding certificate; you can add the medical deduction, donations, and social-insurance premiums you paid after leaving. You have five years to claim, but filing early gets your money back sooner.\nResident tax and insurance\nResident tax is based on the prior year, so it keeps arriving even while you are unemployed — budget for it. Statutory job-seeker benefits are generally tax-free and do not count like salary for spouse tests, but private income-replacement payments can differ. After leaving, enroll in national health insurance and national pension (or a dependent/voluntary-continuation option), and keep the premium receipts because they are deductible.","url":"/en/tax/taxes-after-leaving-a-job","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-employee-side-income:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-employee-side-income","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes on employee side income","plainText":"A salaried employee generally files a return when side income after expenses exceeds ¥200,000; below that, national filing may not be required but a resident-tax declaration usually is — and the correct income category decides your expenses and losses.\nFreelancing, creator and platform income, expenses, the ¥200,000 rule, and resident-tax reporting.\nThe test is income after expenses, not revenue.\nAbove ¥200,000 you file a national return; below, usually a resident-tax declaration.\nCategory (business vs miscellaneous) sets your expenses and loss rules.\nPlatform income is taxable when earned, not only when withdrawn.\nThe ¥200,000 test\nDeduct directly related expenses from your side revenue; if the result exceeds ¥200,000, file a national return. A worked example: ¥300,000 of affiliate revenue minus ¥80,000 of platform and advertising cost is ¥220,000 — over the line. Even under ¥200,000, your municipality generally still expects a resident-tax declaration of that income.\nCategory and your employer\nWhether your side activity is business or miscellaneous income depends on its continuity, scale, and records — and it decides whether losses can offset salary (business) or not (miscellaneous). If you worry about your employer learning of a side job, note that resident-tax collection method choices are municipal and confidentiality cannot be guaranteed; a growing, organized side activity is better handled deliberately as business income.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-on-employee-side-income","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule","guide:side-business-tax-japan","guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1900.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1350.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"A salaried employee generally files a return when side income after expenses exceeds ¥200,000; below that, national filing may not be required but a resident-tax declaration usually is — and the correct income category decides your expenses and losses.\nFreelancing, creator and platform income, expenses, the ¥200,000 rule, and resident-tax reporting.\nThe test is income after expenses, not revenue.\nAbove ¥200,000 you file a national return; below, usually a resident-tax declaration.\nCategory (business vs miscellaneous) sets your expenses and loss rules.\nPlatform income is taxable when earned, not only when withdrawn.\nThe ¥200,000 test\nDeduct directly related expenses from your side revenue; if the result exceeds ¥200,000, file a national return. A worked example: ¥300,000 of affiliate revenue minus ¥80,000 of platform and advertising cost is ¥220,000 — over the line. Even under ¥200,000, your municipality generally still expects a resident-tax declaration of that income.\nCategory and your employer\nWhether your side activity is business or miscellaneous income depends on its continuity, scale, and records — and it decides whether losses can offset salary (business) or not (miscellaneous). If you worry about your employer learning of a side job, note that resident-tax collection method choices are municipal and confidentiality cannot be guaranteed; a growing, organized side activity is better handled deliberately as business income.","url":"/en/tax/taxes-on-employee-side-income","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan:en","entityId":"guide:remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Remote work for a foreign employer from Japan","plainText":"If you live in Japan and work here for a foreign employer, that salary is generally Japan-source and taxable in Japan even with no Japanese withholding — you likely must file and pay, and there can be permanent-establishment, social-security, and treaty issues.\nJapan-source employment income, withholding gaps, estimated liability, and permanent-establishment and treaty issues.\nWork performed in Japan is Japan-source, even if paid into a foreign account.\nNo Japanese withholding does not make the salary tax-free.\nYou likely must file and may owe estimated tax.\nPermanent-establishment, social-security, and treaty questions can arise — get advice.\nWhy it is taxable here\nJapan taxes employment income by where the work is performed. If you are a resident working from Japan, your salary from a foreign employer is Japan-source and taxable here even though the employer runs no Japanese payroll and pays into an overseas account. Because no one withheld Japanese tax, you generally must file a return and pay — and you may fall into estimated-tax prepayments.\nThe bigger risks\nBeyond your own income tax, your presence can raise a permanent-establishment question for the employer, and social-security coverage (which country’s system applies) may be governed by a totalization agreement. A treaty can change source-country taxing rights. These are fact-specific, cross-border issues — confirm your position with a licensed tax accountant before your first filing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status","faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained","guide:taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"If you live in Japan and work here for a foreign employer, that salary is generally Japan-source and taxable in Japan even with no Japanese withholding — you likely must file and pay, and there can be permanent-establishment, social-security, and treaty issues.\nJapan-source employment income, withholding gaps, estimated liability, and permanent-establishment and treaty issues.\nWork performed in Japan is Japan-source, even if paid into a foreign account.\nNo Japanese withholding does not make the salary tax-free.\nYou likely must file and may owe estimated tax.\nPermanent-establishment, social-security, and treaty questions can arise — get advice.\nWhy it is taxable here\nJapan taxes employment income by where the work is performed. If you are a resident working from Japan, your salary from a foreign employer is Japan-source and taxable here even though the employer runs no Japanese payroll and pays into an overseas account. Because no one withheld Japanese tax, you generally must file a return and pay — and you may fall into estimated-tax prepayments.\nThe bigger risks\nBeyond your own income tax, your presence can raise a permanent-establishment question for the employer, and social-security coverage (which country’s system applies) may be governed by a totalization agreement. A treaty can change source-country taxing rights. These are fact-specific, cross-border issues — confirm your position with a licensed tax accountant before your first filing.","url":"/en/tax/remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax:en","entityId":"guide:severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Severance and retirement allowance tax","plainText":"A qualifying retirement allowance is taxed favorably: subtract the retirement-income deduction (¥400,000 per service year, more after 20 years), take one-half, then tax that — but if you do not file the retirement-income declaration, a flat 20.42% is withheld and must be reconciled.\nThe retirement-income deduction, one-half treatment, the withholding declaration, and short-service rules.\nDeduction: ¥400,000 per service year (¥800,000 minimum up to 20 years).\nAbove 20 years: ¥8M + ¥700,000 per extra year.\nOnly one-half of the excess is taxed (ordinary case).\nFile the retirement-income declaration or 20.42% is withheld.\nHow it is calculated\nThe retirement-income deduction is ¥400,000 per year of service, with an ¥800,000 minimum for 20 years or less, and ¥8,000,000 plus ¥700,000 for each year beyond 20. You subtract it from the allowance and generally tax one-half of the remainder. For 25 years of service the deduction is ¥8,000,000 + ¥700,000 × 5 = ¥11,500,000; a ¥15,000,000 allowance gives (¥15,000,000 − ¥11,500,000) × 1/2 = ¥1,750,000 of retirement income.\nThe declaration and exceptions\nIf you submit the retirement-income declaration to the payer, they withhold the correct favorable amount and usually no further filing is needed. If you do not, 20.42% is withheld and you must file to reconcile. Short-service and short-service-director payments have anti-favorable-treatment rules that reduce or remove the one-half benefit, and multiple retirement payments interact.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:retirement-income-tax","guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job","guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1420.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"A qualifying retirement allowance is taxed favorably: subtract the retirement-income deduction (¥400,000 per service year, more after 20 years), take one-half, then tax that — but if you do not file the retirement-income declaration, a flat 20.42% is withheld and must be reconciled.\nThe retirement-income deduction, one-half treatment, the withholding declaration, and short-service rules.\nDeduction: ¥400,000 per service year (¥800,000 minimum up to 20 years).\nAbove 20 years: ¥8M + ¥700,000 per extra year.\nOnly one-half of the excess is taxed (ordinary case).\nFile the retirement-income declaration or 20.42% is withheld.\nHow it is calculated\nThe retirement-income deduction is ¥400,000 per year of service, with an ¥800,000 minimum for 20 years or less, and ¥8,000,000 plus ¥700,000 for each year beyond 20. You subtract it from the allowance and generally tax one-half of the remainder. For 25 years of service the deduction is ¥8,000,000 + ¥700,000 × 5 = ¥11,500,000; a ¥15,000,000 allowance gives (¥15,000,000 − ¥11,500,000) × 1/2 = ¥1,750,000 of retirement income.\nThe declaration and exceptions\nIf you submit the retirement-income declaration to the payer, they withhold the correct favorable amount and usually no further filing is needed. If you do not, 20.42% is withheld and you must file to reconcile. Short-service and short-service-director payments have anti-favorable-treatment rules that reduce or remove the one-half benefit, and multiple retirement payments interact.","url":"/en/tax/severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes:en","entityId":"guide:why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why resident tax changes after your salary changes","plainText":"Resident tax is always based on the previous year’s income and collected June–May, so a raise or a pay cut shows up in your resident tax a year later — which is why newcomers get a big second-year bill and leavers can owe after departure.\nPrior-year assessment, the June collection cycle, job changes, lump-sum and ordinary collection.\nResident tax lags income by about a year.\nCollection runs June through the following May.\nA raise this year raises resident tax next year (and vice versa).\nJob changes can trigger lump-sum or ordinary (self-paid) collection.\nThe one-year lag\nMunicipalities assess resident tax on your prior-year income and collect it from June through the next May. So your current payslip’s resident-tax line reflects last year, not this year. A big raise this year quietly increases next year’s resident tax; a pay cut or job loss does not immediately reduce it, which is why the bill can feel out of step with your current income.\nJob changes and collection\nWhen you change or leave a job, special collection (payroll deduction) may switch to a lump-sum collection of the remaining year or to ordinary collection, where the municipality bills you directly and you pay in installments. New arrivals often owe little in year one and a surprise amount in year two; people leaving Japan may still owe resident tax on the prior year and should arrange payment before departure.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job","guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Shinjuku City","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Resident tax is always based on the previous year’s income and collected June–May, so a raise or a pay cut shows up in your resident tax a year later — which is why newcomers get a big second-year bill and leavers can owe after departure.\nPrior-year assessment, the June collection cycle, job changes, lump-sum and ordinary collection.\nResident tax lags income by about a year.\nCollection runs June through the following May.\nA raise this year raises resident tax next year (and vice versa).\nJob changes can trigger lump-sum or ordinary (self-paid) collection.\nThe one-year lag\nMunicipalities assess resident tax on your prior-year income and collect it from June through the next May. So your current payslip’s resident-tax line reflects last year, not this year. A big raise this year quietly increases next year’s resident tax; a pay cut or job loss does not immediately reduce it, which is why the bill can feel out of step with your current income.\nJob changes and collection\nWhen you change or leave a job, special collection (payroll deduction) may switch to a lump-sum collection of the remaining year or to ordinary collection, where the municipality bills you directly and you pay in installments. New arrivals often owe little in year one and a surprise amount in year two; people leaving Japan may still owe resident tax on the prior year and should arrange payment before departure.","url":"/en/tax/why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-basic-deduction:en","entityId":"guide:japan-basic-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan basic deduction","plainText":"The basic deduction is a personal allowance every taxpayer can claim, but its amount now depends on your total income and phases down to zero at high income — and the 2025–2026 reforms changed the bands, so use the current-year figure.\nCurrent-year deduction bands, income limits, and reform history.\nA personal allowance available to most taxpayers.\nThe amount depends on total income and phases down at high income.\n2025–2026 reforms changed the bands — do not reuse an old figure.\nEmployees usually claim it via the year-end declaration form.\nAmount and income limits\nThe basic deduction subtracts from taxable income for nearly everyone, but higher-income taxpayers receive a reduced amount and lose it entirely above a statutory ceiling. Because the 2025 and 2026 reforms adjusted the bands (alongside the employment-income deduction and dependent thresholds), the correct figure must come from the current-year NTA guidance or software rather than a prior-year spreadsheet.\nClaiming it\nEmployees claim the basic deduction through the year-end declaration form; filers claim it on the return. It is applied automatically in the NTA Return Preparation Corner once your income is entered. Because the phase-down interacts with the spouse and dependent thresholds, a large bonus or capital gain can change your entitlement.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-basic-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1199.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"The basic deduction is a personal allowance every taxpayer can claim, but its amount now depends on your total income and phases down to zero at high income — and the 2025–2026 reforms changed the bands, so use the current-year figure.\nCurrent-year deduction bands, income limits, and reform history.\nA personal allowance available to most taxpayers.\nThe amount depends on total income and phases down at high income.\n2025–2026 reforms changed the bands — do not reuse an old figure.\nEmployees usually claim it via the year-end declaration form.\nAmount and income limits\nThe basic deduction subtracts from taxable income for nearly everyone, but higher-income taxpayers receive a reduced amount and lose it entirely above a statutory ceiling. Because the 2025 and 2026 reforms adjusted the bands (alongside the employment-income deduction and dependent thresholds), the correct figure must come from the current-year NTA guidance or software rather than a prior-year spreadsheet.\nClaiming it\nEmployees claim the basic deduction through the year-end declaration form; filers claim it on the return. It is applied automatically in the NTA Return Preparation Corner once your income is entered. Because the phase-down interacts with the spouse and dependent thresholds, a large bonus or capital gain can change your entitlement.","url":"/en/tax/japan-basic-deduction","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction:en","entityId":"guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Spouse deduction and spouse special deduction","plainText":"You can claim the spouse deduction when your legally married spouse’s total income is within the ceiling (post-2025, ¥580,000 total income, about ¥1.23M salary); above that a spouse special deduction phases down, and you lose the benefit once your own total income exceeds ¥10M.\nIncome thresholds, taxpayer limits, legal marriage, and the phaseout.\nRequires a legal spouse and a shared livelihood — common-law does not qualify.\nPost-2025 the spouse-income ceiling is ¥580,000 total income (≈¥1.23M salary).\nAbove that, a spouse special deduction phases down.\nThe taxpayer’s own income above ¥10M removes the benefit.\nWho qualifies\nThe spouse deduction is not decided by whether a spouse “works part time.” It requires a legal marriage and a common livelihood, and it looks at the spouse’s total income, your income, and year-end circumstances. Under the post-2025 framework the spouse-income ceiling for the full spouse deduction is ¥580,000 of total income — equivalent to ¥1.23M of salary once the minimum ¥650,000 employment deduction applies.\nThe phaseouts\nAbove the spouse-income ceiling, the spouse special deduction applies and tapers as spouse income rises. Separately, your own total income matters: the deduction phases down before ¥10M and disappears once your total income exceeds ¥10M. A paid blue-return family-employee spouse generally cannot also be a deductible spouse.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:dependent-deduction-in-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:japan-basic-deduction"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1191.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1195.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"You can claim the spouse deduction when your legally married spouse’s total income is within the ceiling (post-2025, ¥580,000 total income, about ¥1.23M salary); above that a spouse special deduction phases down, and you lose the benefit once your own total income exceeds ¥10M.\nIncome thresholds, taxpayer limits, legal marriage, and the phaseout.\nRequires a legal spouse and a shared livelihood — common-law does not qualify.\nPost-2025 the spouse-income ceiling is ¥580,000 total income (≈¥1.23M salary).\nAbove that, a spouse special deduction phases down.\nThe taxpayer’s own income above ¥10M removes the benefit.\nWho qualifies\nThe spouse deduction is not decided by whether a spouse “works part time.” It requires a legal marriage and a common livelihood, and it looks at the spouse’s total income, your income, and year-end circumstances. Under the post-2025 framework the spouse-income ceiling for the full spouse deduction is ¥580,000 of total income — equivalent to ¥1.23M of salary once the minimum ¥650,000 employment deduction applies.\nThe phaseouts\nAbove the spouse-income ceiling, the spouse special deduction applies and tapers as spouse income rises. Separately, your own total income matters: the deduction phases down before ¥10M and disappears once your total income exceeds ¥10M. A paid blue-return family-employee spouse generally cannot also be a deductible spouse.","url":"/en/tax/spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:dependent-deduction-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:dependent-deduction-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Dependent deduction in Japan","plainText":"You can deduct for a qualifying relative who shares your livelihood and whose own income is within the threshold, tested at year-end; a specified age band (19–22) gives a larger deduction, and overseas dependents need relationship and remittance proof.\nEligible relatives, age, income, living arrangements, and overseas dependents.\nEligible: a relative sharing your livelihood with income within the threshold.\nTested at year-end (December 31 status matters).\nAges 19–22 (specified dependent) give a larger deduction.\nOverseas dependents require relationship and remittance documents.\nWho counts\nA dependent is a qualifying relative (by blood or law) who shares your livelihood and whose own total income is within the threshold; the test is applied at year-end. Living together is not always required if you support them. The deduction amount varies by the dependent’s age — the specified band of 19 to 22 attracts a larger deduction, and elderly dependents have their own amounts.\nOverseas dependents\nClaiming a relative living abroad requires documents proving the relationship (e.g., family register or birth records with translation) and proof of remittances that actually support them. These requirements are stricter than for a domestic dependent and are a common point of rejection, so keep clear, dated remittance records to each nonresident relative.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/dependent-deduction-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1180.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"You can deduct for a qualifying relative who shares your livelihood and whose own income is within the threshold, tested at year-end; a specified age band (19–22) gives a larger deduction, and overseas dependents need relationship and remittance proof.\nEligible relatives, age, income, living arrangements, and overseas dependents.\nEligible: a relative sharing your livelihood with income within the threshold.\nTested at year-end (December 31 status matters).\nAges 19–22 (specified dependent) give a larger deduction.\nOverseas dependents require relationship and remittance documents.\nWho counts\nA dependent is a qualifying relative (by blood or law) who shares your livelihood and whose own total income is within the threshold; the test is applied at year-end. Living together is not always required if you support them. The deduction amount varies by the dependent’s age — the specified band of 19 to 22 attracts a larger deduction, and elderly dependents have their own amounts.\nOverseas dependents\nClaiming a relative living abroad requires documents proving the relationship (e.g., family register or birth records with translation) and proof of remittances that actually support them. These requirements are stricter than for a domestic dependent and are a common point of rejection, so keep clear, dated remittance records to each nonresident relative.","url":"/en/tax/dependent-deduction-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:medical-expense-deduction:en","entityId":"guide:medical-expense-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Medical expense deduction","plainText":"You can deduct qualifying medical costs you paid during the year for yourself or family sharing your livelihood, minus reimbursements and a ¥100,000 threshold (or 5% of total income below ¥2M), capped at ¥2M — filed on a return with receipts kept five years.\nEligible expenses, reimbursements, thresholds, family costs, and five-year retention.\nFormula: costs − reimbursements − ¥100,000 (or 5% of total income if below ¥2M).\nCap: ¥2M deduction.\nFamily costs count if the member shares your livelihood and you paid.\nFile a statement; keep receipts five years. Requires a return (not year-end adjustment).\nHow it works\nAdd qualifying medical costs paid in the calendar year, subtract insurance and other reimbursements tied to those costs, then subtract the threshold — ¥100,000, or 5% of total income if that is below ¥2M. The result, capped at ¥2M, is your deduction. Example: ¥500,000 costs − ¥100,000 reimbursement − ¥100,000 threshold = ¥300,000 deduction.\nWhat counts and records\nQualifying costs include treatment, prescriptions, and certain transport, for you or a family member sharing your livelihood, but only amounts actually paid (an unpaid bill does not count) and generally not cosmetic procedures. File a medical-expense statement with the return and retain receipts for five years. The deduction requires a return; it cannot be taken through year-end adjustment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/medical-expense-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:self-medication-tax-deduction","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1120.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"You can deduct qualifying medical costs you paid during the year for yourself or family sharing your livelihood, minus reimbursements and a ¥100,000 threshold (or 5% of total income below ¥2M), capped at ¥2M — filed on a return with receipts kept five years.\nEligible expenses, reimbursements, thresholds, family costs, and five-year retention.\nFormula: costs − reimbursements − ¥100,000 (or 5% of total income if below ¥2M).\nCap: ¥2M deduction.\nFamily costs count if the member shares your livelihood and you paid.\nFile a statement; keep receipts five years. Requires a return (not year-end adjustment).\nHow it works\nAdd qualifying medical costs paid in the calendar year, subtract insurance and other reimbursements tied to those costs, then subtract the threshold — ¥100,000, or 5% of total income if that is below ¥2M. The result, capped at ¥2M, is your deduction. Example: ¥500,000 costs − ¥100,000 reimbursement − ¥100,000 threshold = ¥300,000 deduction.\nWhat counts and records\nQualifying costs include treatment, prescriptions, and certain transport, for you or a family member sharing your livelihood, but only amounts actually paid (an unpaid bill does not count) and generally not cosmetic procedures. File a medical-expense statement with the return and retain receipts for five years. The deduction requires a return; it cannot be taken through year-end adjustment.","url":"/en/tax/medical-expense-deduction","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:self-medication-tax-deduction:en","entityId":"guide:self-medication-tax-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Self-medication tax deduction","plainText":"The self-medication deduction lets you deduct qualifying over-the-counter medicine purchases above ¥12,000 (up to an ¥88,000 deduction) if you meet a health-maintenance condition — but you must choose it instead of the ordinary medical deduction for the year.\nEligible products, threshold, cap, health-maintenance conditions, and how it compares.\nFor qualifying OTC (switch-OTC) medicine purchases above ¥12,000.\nDeduction capped at ¥88,000.\nRequires a health-maintenance action (e.g., a checkup or vaccination).\nCannot be combined with the ordinary medical deduction — pick one.\nHow it works\nIf you took a qualifying health-maintenance action during the year (such as a health check or vaccination), you can deduct the portion of eligible over-the-counter medicine purchases above ¥12,000, up to an ¥88,000 deduction. Eligible products are marked and receipts should show them. It is available through 2026 under the cited rules.\nChoosing between the two\nYou cannot use both the ordinary medical deduction and self-medication for the same year, so compare. If your total qualifying medical costs are high, the ordinary deduction (threshold ¥100,000) usually wins; if you mostly bought eligible OTC medicine and had few large bills, self-medication (threshold ¥12,000) can be better. Model both before filing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/self-medication-tax-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:medical-expense-deduction","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1129.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1120.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"The self-medication deduction lets you deduct qualifying over-the-counter medicine purchases above ¥12,000 (up to an ¥88,000 deduction) if you meet a health-maintenance condition — but you must choose it instead of the ordinary medical deduction for the year.\nEligible products, threshold, cap, health-maintenance conditions, and how it compares.\nFor qualifying OTC (switch-OTC) medicine purchases above ¥12,000.\nDeduction capped at ¥88,000.\nRequires a health-maintenance action (e.g., a checkup or vaccination).\nCannot be combined with the ordinary medical deduction — pick one.\nHow it works\nIf you took a qualifying health-maintenance action during the year (such as a health check or vaccination), you can deduct the portion of eligible over-the-counter medicine purchases above ¥12,000, up to an ¥88,000 deduction. Eligible products are marked and receipts should show them. It is available through 2026 under the cited rules.\nChoosing between the two\nYou cannot use both the ordinary medical deduction and self-medication for the same year, so compare. If your total qualifying medical costs are high, the ordinary deduction (threshold ¥100,000) usually wins; if you mostly bought eligible OTC medicine and had few large bills, self-medication (threshold ¥12,000) can be better. Model both before filing.","url":"/en/tax/self-medication-tax-deduction","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage tax credit in Japan","plainText":"The housing-loan credit reduces your tax by a percentage of the year-end loan balance for a qualifying owner-occupied home; you must file a return the first year with property, loan, and energy documents, then employees can use year-end adjustment in later years.\nFirst-year filing, later payroll years, qualifying homes, energy standards, and documents.\nIt is a tax credit (reduces tax directly), not a deduction.\nThe first year requires a final return with supporting documents.\nLater years can run through payroll year-end adjustment.\nEnergy performance, construction date, floor area, income, and loan limits all matter.\nThe first year\nIn the first qualifying year you file a return with the loan balance certificate, property registry, purchase/construction contracts, and — for new builds — energy-standard documents. For homes occupied in 2024–2025 many categories use 0.7% of the eligible year-end loan balance, with limits and periods that depend on construction date, energy performance, floor area, family status, and property category.\nLater years and conditions\nFrom the second year, employees receive a statement and can apply the credit through year-end adjustment. Not every new house qualifies — a home failing energy or construction-date conditions can receive no new-build credit even though it is owner-occupied. Income and debt ceilings also apply, so confirm the current-year rules for your occupancy year.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:property-taxes-in-japan","guide:mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"The housing-loan credit reduces your tax by a percentage of the year-end loan balance for a qualifying owner-occupied home; you must file a return the first year with property, loan, and energy documents, then employees can use year-end adjustment in later years.\nFirst-year filing, later payroll years, qualifying homes, energy standards, and documents.\nIt is a tax credit (reduces tax directly), not a deduction.\nThe first year requires a final return with supporting documents.\nLater years can run through payroll year-end adjustment.\nEnergy performance, construction date, floor area, income, and loan limits all matter.\nThe first year\nIn the first qualifying year you file a return with the loan balance certificate, property registry, purchase/construction contracts, and — for new builds — energy-standard documents. For homes occupied in 2024–2025 many categories use 0.7% of the eligible year-end loan balance, with limits and periods that depend on construction date, energy performance, floor area, family status, and property category.\nLater years and conditions\nFrom the second year, employees receive a statement and can apply the credit through year-end adjustment. Not every new house qualifies — a home failing energy or construction-date conditions can receive no new-build credit even though it is owner-occupied. Income and debt ceilings also apply, so confirm the current-year rules for your occupancy year.","url":"/en/tax/mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:insurance-and-pension-premium-deductions:en","entityId":"guide:insurance-and-pension-premium-deductions","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Social, life, and earthquake insurance deductions","plainText":"Social-insurance premiums you (or a family member you support) pay are generally fully deductible; life-insurance and earthquake-insurance premiums are deductible up to statutory caps by category — all claimed with the insurer’s certificate, via payroll or on a return.\nWhat each covers, certificates, statutory caps, and payroll vs return claims.\nSocial insurance (health, pension, employment): personally borne amounts are fully deductible.\nYou can include premiums you paid for a family member you support.\nLife insurance: capped by category (old vs new contracts).\nEarthquake insurance: capped; needs the insurer certificate.\nSocial-insurance premium deduction\nPremiums for health insurance, pension, employment insurance, and national pension that you personally bear are generally fully deductible — including amounts you pay for a family member sharing your livelihood (for example, a child’s national pension). Employees usually see this handled in payroll, but premiums you paid directly (e.g., during a job gap) go on the return with evidence.\nLife and earthquake insurance\nLife-insurance premiums are deductible under statutory formulas and caps, with different treatment for old and new contracts and separate categories (general life, nursing-care/medical, individual annuity). Earthquake-insurance premiums are deductible up to a cap. Both are claimed with the insurer’s annual certificate and can be applied in year-end adjustment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/insurance-and-pension-premium-deductions","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:ideco-tax-deduction","guide:year-end-adjustment-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1130.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1140.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1145.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Social-insurance premiums you (or a family member you support) pay are generally fully deductible; life-insurance and earthquake-insurance premiums are deductible up to statutory caps by category — all claimed with the insurer’s certificate, via payroll or on a return.\nWhat each covers, certificates, statutory caps, and payroll vs return claims.\nSocial insurance (health, pension, employment): personally borne amounts are fully deductible.\nYou can include premiums you paid for a family member you support.\nLife insurance: capped by category (old vs new contracts).\nEarthquake insurance: capped; needs the insurer certificate.\nSocial-insurance premium deduction\nPremiums for health insurance, pension, employment insurance, and national pension that you personally bear are generally fully deductible — including amounts you pay for a family member sharing your livelihood (for example, a child’s national pension). Employees usually see this handled in payroll, but premiums you paid directly (e.g., during a job gap) go on the return with evidence.\nLife and earthquake insurance\nLife-insurance premiums are deductible under statutory formulas and caps, with different treatment for old and new contracts and separate categories (general life, nursing-care/medical, individual annuity). Earthquake-insurance premiums are deductible up to a cap. Both are claimed with the insurer’s annual certificate and can be applied in year-end adjustment.","url":"/en/tax/insurance-and-pension-premium-deductions","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ideco-tax-deduction:en","entityId":"guide:ideco-tax-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"iDeCo tax deduction","plainText":"iDeCo contributions are fully deductible from income as small-business-mutual-aid-type premiums, growth inside the account is tax-deferred, and withdrawals get pension- or retirement-income treatment — with contribution caps that depend on your employment and pension status.\nContribution deductions, tax-deferred growth, withdrawal taxation, eligibility, and caps.\nContributions are fully deductible from taxable income.\nInvestment growth is tax-deferred inside the account.\nWithdrawals are taxed as pension or retirement income.\nCaps depend on your employment and pension category; funds lock until ~60.\nThe three tax benefits\niDeCo has three tax advantages: contributions reduce your taxable income now (claimed via the small-business-mutual-aid-type premium deduction), investment gains are not taxed while inside the account, and at payout you get pension-income or retirement-income treatment depending on how you take it. Contribution caps depend on whether you are an employee, civil servant, self-employed, or a dependent spouse.\nPayout planning\nA lump-sum iDeCo payout uses the retirement-income deduction, which can overlap with a company retirement allowance and its service years — so taking both in a way that double-counts the deduction may be disallowed, and timing matters. Because funds lock until around age 60 and payout rules are intricate, model the payout before you rely on it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/ideco-tax-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan","guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1135.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"iDeCo contributions are fully deductible from income as small-business-mutual-aid-type premiums, growth inside the account is tax-deferred, and withdrawals get pension- or retirement-income treatment — with contribution caps that depend on your employment and pension status.\nContribution deductions, tax-deferred growth, withdrawal taxation, eligibility, and caps.\nContributions are fully deductible from taxable income.\nInvestment growth is tax-deferred inside the account.\nWithdrawals are taxed as pension or retirement income.\nCaps depend on your employment and pension category; funds lock until ~60.\nThe three tax benefits\niDeCo has three tax advantages: contributions reduce your taxable income now (claimed via the small-business-mutual-aid-type premium deduction), investment gains are not taxed while inside the account, and at payout you get pension-income or retirement-income treatment depending on how you take it. Contribution caps depend on whether you are an employee, civil servant, self-employed, or a dependent spouse.\nPayout planning\nA lump-sum iDeCo payout uses the retirement-income deduction, which can overlap with a company retirement allowance and its service years — so taking both in a way that double-counts the deduction may be disallowed, and timing matters. Because funds lock until around age 60 and payout rules are intricate, model the payout before you rely on it.","url":"/en/tax/ideco-tax-deduction","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:small-business-mutual-aid-tax-deduction:en","entityId":"guide:small-business-mutual-aid-tax-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Small Business Mutual Aid tax deduction","plainText":"Small Business Mutual Aid is a retirement scheme for sole proprietors and small-company owners whose contributions are fully deductible now and whose payouts are taxed favorably as retirement or pension income — a common way for the self-employed to build a deductible retirement fund.\nEligible contributions, tax treatment, suitability for sole proprietors, and payout considerations.\nFor sole proprietors and small-business owners/officers.\nContributions are fully deductible (same deduction line as iDeCo).\nPayouts are taxed as retirement or pension income.\nConsider suitability, contribution flexibility, and payout conditions.\nWhat it is\nRun by the SME support organization, Small Business Mutual Aid lets eligible self-employed people and small-company officers set aside monthly contributions toward a retirement payout. Contributions are fully deductible under the small-business-mutual-aid-type premium deduction (shared with iDeCo), so it reduces current tax while building a fund.\nPayout and suitability\nPayouts on retirement or business closure are taxed as retirement or pension income, which is generally favorable. It suits sole proprietors who want a deductible, disciplined retirement vehicle, but early-termination and loan rules apply, so review the conditions and how it interacts with iDeCo and a future retirement allowance before committing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/small-business-mutual-aid-tax-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ideco-tax-deduction","guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1135.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Organization for SME and Regional Innovation (中小機構)","url":"https://www.smrj.go.jp/kyosai/skyosai/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Small Business Mutual Aid is a retirement scheme for sole proprietors and small-company owners whose contributions are fully deductible now and whose payouts are taxed favorably as retirement or pension income — a common way for the self-employed to build a deductible retirement fund.\nEligible contributions, tax treatment, suitability for sole proprietors, and payout considerations.\nFor sole proprietors and small-business owners/officers.\nContributions are fully deductible (same deduction line as iDeCo).\nPayouts are taxed as retirement or pension income.\nConsider suitability, contribution flexibility, and payout conditions.\nWhat it is\nRun by the SME support organization, Small Business Mutual Aid lets eligible self-employed people and small-company officers set aside monthly contributions toward a retirement payout. Contributions are fully deductible under the small-business-mutual-aid-type premium deduction (shared with iDeCo), so it reduces current tax while building a fund.\nPayout and suitability\nPayouts on retirement or business closure are taxed as retirement or pension income, which is generally favorable. It suits sole proprietors who want a deductible, disciplined retirement vehicle, but early-termination and loan rules apply, so review the conditions and how it interacts with iDeCo and a future retirement allowance before committing.","url":"/en/tax/small-business-mutual-aid-tax-deduction","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:furusato-nozei-one-stop-vs-tax-return:en","entityId":"guide:furusato-nozei-one-stop-vs-tax-return","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Furusato Nozei: one-stop vs tax return","plainText":"Use the one-stop exception if you do not otherwise file and donated to five or fewer municipalities; but if you file a tax return for any reason, one-stop is invalidated and you must include all Furusato Nozei donations on that return.\nEligibility, the five-municipality limit, invalidation after filing, and document handling.\nOne-stop: for non-filers donating to ≤5 municipalities.\nSubmit a one-stop form to each municipality by the deadline.\nFiling a return (for any reason) invalidates one-stop.\nIf you file, include every donation on the return with receipts.\nWhich route applies\nThe one-stop exception is designed for salaried people who do not otherwise file and who donate to no more than five municipalities; you send a form to each locality and the credit flows through resident tax. If you already file — for medical expenses, side income, or investment losses — you cannot use one-stop and instead report all donations on your return.\nThe common trap\nThe frequent mistake is submitting one-stop forms and then later filing a return (say, to claim a medical deduction) without re-entering the donations. Filing invalidates the one-stop applications, so if you omit the donations from the return you lose the deduction entirely. If you end up filing, always include every Furusato Nozei donation with its receipt.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/furusato-nozei-one-stop-vs-tax-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-furusato"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:furusato-nozei-explained","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1155.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1150.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Use the one-stop exception if you do not otherwise file and donated to five or fewer municipalities; but if you file a tax return for any reason, one-stop is invalidated and you must include all Furusato Nozei donations on that return.\nEligibility, the five-municipality limit, invalidation after filing, and document handling.\nOne-stop: for non-filers donating to ≤5 municipalities.\nSubmit a one-stop form to each municipality by the deadline.\nFiling a return (for any reason) invalidates one-stop.\nIf you file, include every donation on the return with receipts.\nWhich route applies\nThe one-stop exception is designed for salaried people who do not otherwise file and who donate to no more than five municipalities; you send a form to each locality and the credit flows through resident tax. If you already file — for medical expenses, side income, or investment losses — you cannot use one-stop and instead report all donations on your return.\nThe common trap\nThe frequent mistake is submitting one-stop forms and then later filing a return (say, to claim a medical deduction) without re-entering the donations. Filing invalidates the one-stop applications, so if you omit the donations from the return you lose the deduction entirely. If you end up filing, always include every Furusato Nozei donation with its receipt.","url":"/en/tax/furusato-nozei-one-stop-vs-tax-return","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:freelancer-taxes-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:freelancer-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Freelancer taxes in Japan","plainText":"A freelancer reports business income (receipts minus necessary expenses), keeps books, can elect the blue return for a special deduction and loss carryforward, tests consumption-tax liability separately, and files a return each year — income-tax profit is not the same as taxable sales.\nRegistration, income classification, expenses, bookkeeping, blue returns, consumption tax, and filing.\nBusiness income = receipts − necessary expenses; keep books.\nElecting the blue return unlocks a special deduction and loss carryforward.\nConsumption-tax liability is a separate test from income-tax profit.\nYou file a return each year and may face estimated-tax prepayments.\nFrom opening to filing\nYou can be taxed on business income before filing an opening notification, but you should file it and, to get the best deduction, apply for the blue return by the deadline. Keep books capturing date, counterparty, account, tax treatment, and evidence; separate a business account; and reconcile monthly. Your income-tax profit (receipts minus expenses minus any blue deduction) drives income tax.\nThe separate tax layers\nBeyond income tax, watch resident tax (billed next year), individual enterprise tax (for designated businesses), and consumption tax (tested on taxable sales, not profit). A registered qualified-invoice issuer is liable for consumption tax even below ¥10M sales. Reserve cash for all of these — a common freelancer cash-flow mistake is budgeting only for income tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/freelancer-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi"],"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"A freelancer reports business income (receipts minus necessary expenses), keeps books, can elect the blue return for a special deduction and loss carryforward, tests consumption-tax liability separately, and files a return each year — income-tax profit is not the same as taxable sales.\nRegistration, income classification, expenses, bookkeeping, blue returns, consumption tax, and filing.\nBusiness income = receipts − necessary expenses; keep books.\nElecting the blue return unlocks a special deduction and loss carryforward.\nConsumption-tax liability is a separate test from income-tax profit.\nYou file a return each year and may face estimated-tax prepayments.\nFrom opening to filing\nYou can be taxed on business income before filing an opening notification, but you should file it and, to get the best deduction, apply for the blue return by the deadline. Keep books capturing date, counterparty, account, tax treatment, and evidence; separate a business account; and reconcile monthly. Your income-tax profit (receipts minus expenses minus any blue deduction) drives income tax.\nThe separate tax layers\nBeyond income tax, watch resident tax (billed next year), individual enterprise tax (for designated businesses), and consumption tax (tested on taxable sales, not profit). A registered qualified-invoice issuer is liable for consumption tax even below ¥10M sales. Reserve cash for all of these — a common freelancer cash-flow mistake is budgeting only for income tax.","url":"/en/tax/freelancer-taxes-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:individual-enterprise-tax:en","entityId":"guide:individual-enterprise-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Individual enterprise tax","plainText":"Individual enterprise tax is a prefectural tax on designated business classes; it applies after a business-owner allowance of about ¥2.9M per full year at rates commonly 3%, 4%, or 5%, and the income-tax blue-return special deduction is not deductible when computing it.\nCovered business categories, the business-owner allowance, rates, and local administration.\nA prefectural tax on legally designated business categories.\nBusiness-owner allowance: about ¥2.9M per full year.\nRates are commonly 3%, 4%, or 5% by activity.\nThe blue-return special deduction does not reduce enterprise tax.\nWho owes it\nEnterprise tax applies only to designated business classes — many trades and professions are listed, but some activities fall outside. It is assessed after deducting the business-owner allowance (generally ¥2.9M for a full year), so small businesses below that pay nothing. The prefecture administers it and typically bills in August and November; you do not usually file separately because it flows from your income-tax return data.\nHow it is computed\nThe base is broadly your business income with the enterprise-tax rules — importantly, the income-tax blue-return special deduction is added back, so it does not reduce the enterprise-tax base. Rates are commonly 3%, 4%, or 5% depending on the statutory activity. Because categories and reliefs vary by prefecture, confirm your classification locally.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/individual-enterprise-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:freelancer-taxes-in-japan","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Individual enterprise tax is a prefectural tax on designated business classes; it applies after a business-owner allowance of about ¥2.9M per full year at rates commonly 3%, 4%, or 5%, and the income-tax blue-return special deduction is not deductible when computing it.\nCovered business categories, the business-owner allowance, rates, and local administration.\nA prefectural tax on legally designated business categories.\nBusiness-owner allowance: about ¥2.9M per full year.\nRates are commonly 3%, 4%, or 5% by activity.\nThe blue-return special deduction does not reduce enterprise tax.\nWho owes it\nEnterprise tax applies only to designated business classes — many trades and professions are listed, but some activities fall outside. It is assessed after deducting the business-owner allowance (generally ¥2.9M for a full year), so small businesses below that pay nothing. The prefecture administers it and typically bills in August and November; you do not usually file separately because it flows from your income-tax return data.\nHow it is computed\nThe base is broadly your business income with the enterprise-tax rules — importantly, the income-tax blue-return special deduction is added back, so it does not reduce the enterprise-tax base. Rates are commonly 3%, 4%, or 5% depending on the statutory activity. Because categories and reliefs vary by prefecture, confirm your classification locally.","url":"/en/tax/individual-enterprise-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:home-office-expenses:en","entityId":"guide:home-office-expenses","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Home-office expenses","plainText":"If you work from home, you can deduct only the business portion of rent, utilities, internet, and phone, using a defensible allocation such as floor area or working time — “I work from home” does not justify deducting 100% of your housing.\nRent, utilities, internet, phone, allocation methods, and evidence.\nOnly the business portion is deductible (家事按分).\nUse a defensible method: floor area, dedicated room, working time, or data usage.\nKeep the calculation and update it when arrangements change.\n100% of rent/utilities is not deductible just because you work from home.\nAllocating fairly\nThe rule is that mixed expenses are deductible for the portion objectively used for business. A common method for rent and utilities is floor area (the share of your home used only for work), and for internet and phone, working time or data usage. Whatever basis you pick, document it and apply it consistently; a dedicated workroom makes the allocation easier to defend.\nEvidence and risk\nKeep the floor-area calculation, a note of your method, and the underlying bills. Over-allocating housing and utilities is a frequent audit adjustment, so be conservative and realistic. Update the calculation if you move, change rooms, or shift how much you work from home during the year.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/home-office-expenses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","guide:equipment-and-depreciation","guide:freelancer-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"If you work from home, you can deduct only the business portion of rent, utilities, internet, and phone, using a defensible allocation such as floor area or working time — “I work from home” does not justify deducting 100% of your housing.\nRent, utilities, internet, phone, allocation methods, and evidence.\nOnly the business portion is deductible (家事按分).\nUse a defensible method: floor area, dedicated room, working time, or data usage.\nKeep the calculation and update it when arrangements change.\n100% of rent/utilities is not deductible just because you work from home.\nAllocating fairly\nThe rule is that mixed expenses are deductible for the portion objectively used for business. A common method for rent and utilities is floor area (the share of your home used only for work), and for internet and phone, working time or data usage. Whatever basis you pick, document it and apply it consistently; a dedicated workroom makes the allocation easier to defend.\nEvidence and risk\nKeep the floor-area calculation, a note of your method, and the underlying bills. Over-allocating housing and utilities is a frequent audit adjustment, so be conservative and realistic. Update the calculation if you move, change rooms, or shift how much you work from home during the year.","url":"/en/tax/home-office-expenses","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:equipment-and-depreciation:en","entityId":"guide:equipment-and-depreciation","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Equipment and depreciation","plainText":"Equipment that lasts beyond the year is generally capitalized and depreciated over its useful life rather than expensed at once, but low-value-asset rules, pooled depreciation, and blue-return small-asset relief can let you write off smaller items faster.\nCapitalization, useful life, low-value assets, and blue-return small-asset relief.\nLong-life assets are capitalized and depreciated, not expensed at once.\nThe general depreciation line highlighted by the NTA is assets costing ≥¥100,000.\nLow-value and pooled-depreciation rules speed up smaller items.\nBlue-return filers get a small-asset immediate-expensing relief.\nWhen to capitalize\nAn asset used beyond the current year (a computer, camera, or furniture) is normally capitalized and depreciated over a statutory useful life. The NTA’s general guidance highlights depreciation for assets costing at least ¥100,000. Keep a fixed-asset register recording cost, acquisition date, useful life, and accumulated depreciation.\nFaster write-offs\nSeveral rules speed things up: items under a low-value threshold can be expensed immediately, a pooled (lump) depreciation over three years can apply to a mid-range band, and blue-return filers have a small-asset immediate-expensing relief within an annual limit. Consumption-tax treatment and any subsidy can change the depreciable base, so record those adjustments too.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/equipment-and-depreciation","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-office-expenses","guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","guide:rental-property-depreciation"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Equipment that lasts beyond the year is generally capitalized and depreciated over its useful life rather than expensed at once, but low-value-asset rules, pooled depreciation, and blue-return small-asset relief can let you write off smaller items faster.\nCapitalization, useful life, low-value assets, and blue-return small-asset relief.\nLong-life assets are capitalized and depreciated, not expensed at once.\nThe general depreciation line highlighted by the NTA is assets costing ≥¥100,000.\nLow-value and pooled-depreciation rules speed up smaller items.\nBlue-return filers get a small-asset immediate-expensing relief.\nWhen to capitalize\nAn asset used beyond the current year (a computer, camera, or furniture) is normally capitalized and depreciated over a statutory useful life. The NTA’s general guidance highlights depreciation for assets costing at least ¥100,000. Keep a fixed-asset register recording cost, acquisition date, useful life, and accumulated depreciation.\nFaster write-offs\nSeveral rules speed things up: items under a low-value threshold can be expensed immediately, a pooled (lump) depreciation over three years can apply to a mid-range band, and blue-return filers have a small-asset immediate-expensing relief within an annual limit. Consumption-tax treatment and any subsidy can change the depreciable base, so record those adjustments too.","url":"/en/tax/equipment-and-depreciation","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:paying-family-members-from-a-business:en","entityId":"guide:paying-family-members-from-a-business","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Paying family members from a business","plainText":"Paying a spouse or relative who shares your household is not automatically deductible; blue-return family-employee salary requires advance notification and reasonable pay for real work, and when you pay it you generally lose the spouse or dependent deduction for that person.\nBlue-return family salaries, advance notification, reasonable pay, and lost deductions.\nFamily payments are not deductible by default.\nBlue-return family salary needs advance notification and reasonable pay.\nThe work must be real and the amount reasonable for it.\nYou generally lose the spouse/dependent deduction for that person.\nThe blue-return route\nTo deduct salary paid to a spouse or relative who shares your livelihood, you generally use the blue-return family-employee (青色事業専従者) rules: file the advance notification stating the role and amount, ensure the person actually works in the business, and pay a reasonable wage for that work. White-return treatment is more limited (a fixed family-worker deduction rather than actual salary).\nThe trade-off\nPaying a family employee is a trade-off: the salary becomes a business expense, but you generally can no longer claim the spouse or dependent deduction for that person, and the family member has their own income to account for. Model both sides — the deductible salary versus the lost personal deduction — before setting the amount.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/paying-family-members-from-a-business","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:hiring-family-outsourcing-japan","guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2075.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Paying a spouse or relative who shares your household is not automatically deductible; blue-return family-employee salary requires advance notification and reasonable pay for real work, and when you pay it you generally lose the spouse or dependent deduction for that person.\nBlue-return family salaries, advance notification, reasonable pay, and lost deductions.\nFamily payments are not deductible by default.\nBlue-return family salary needs advance notification and reasonable pay.\nThe work must be real and the amount reasonable for it.\nYou generally lose the spouse/dependent deduction for that person.\nThe blue-return route\nTo deduct salary paid to a spouse or relative who shares your livelihood, you generally use the blue-return family-employee (青色事業専従者) rules: file the advance notification stating the role and amount, ensure the person actually works in the business, and pay a reasonable wage for that work. White-return treatment is more limited (a fixed family-worker deduction rather than actual salary).\nThe trade-off\nPaying a family employee is a trade-off: the salary becomes a business expense, but you generally can no longer claim the spouse or dependent deduction for that person, and the family member has their own income to account for. Model both sides — the deductible salary versus the lost personal deduction — before setting the amount.","url":"/en/tax/paying-family-members-from-a-business","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors:en","entityId":"guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Consumption tax for sole proprietors","plainText":"A sole proprietor is generally exempt from consumption tax when base-period taxable sales (normally two years prior) do not exceed ¥10M, but the exemption can be lost by the specified-period test, a voluntary election, succession, or qualified-invoice registration.\nTaxable sales, exemption, base periods, input credits, rates, and records.\nExempt when base-period taxable sales ≤ ¥10M (normally two years prior).\nExemption can be lost by the specified-period test or a voluntary election.\nQualified-invoice registration makes you taxable even below ¥10M.\nTaxable sales ≠ profit; test them separately.\nWho is exempt\nFor an individual, the base period is normally the second preceding year, and if taxable sales there did not exceed ¥10M you are generally an exempt (免税) business. But the exemption can be lost through the first-half “specified period” test, a voluntary taxable-business election, succession rules, or — importantly — registering as a qualified-invoice issuer, which makes you taxable regardless of sales.\nPaying it\nA taxable business charges consumption tax on sales and remits the balance after input-tax credits (or uses the simplified method). Rates are the standard rate and the reduced rate for certain items. Because taxable sales — not profit — determine liability, a low-profit business can still exceed the ¥10M threshold. Keep the books and invoices needed for input credits for seven years.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold","guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"A sole proprietor is generally exempt from consumption tax when base-period taxable sales (normally two years prior) do not exceed ¥10M, but the exemption can be lost by the specified-period test, a voluntary election, succession, or qualified-invoice registration.\nTaxable sales, exemption, base periods, input credits, rates, and records.\nExempt when base-period taxable sales ≤ ¥10M (normally two years prior).\nExemption can be lost by the specified-period test or a voluntary election.\nQualified-invoice registration makes you taxable even below ¥10M.\nTaxable sales ≠ profit; test them separately.\nWho is exempt\nFor an individual, the base period is normally the second preceding year, and if taxable sales there did not exceed ¥10M you are generally an exempt (免税) business. But the exemption can be lost through the first-half “specified period” test, a voluntary taxable-business election, succession rules, or — importantly — registering as a qualified-invoice issuer, which makes you taxable regardless of sales.\nPaying it\nA taxable business charges consumption tax on sales and remits the balance after input-tax credits (or uses the simplified method). Rates are the standard rate and the reduced rate for certain items. Because taxable sales — not profit — determine liability, a low-profit business can still exceed the ¥10M threshold. Keep the books and invoices needed for input credits for seven years.","url":"/en/tax/consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold:en","entityId":"guide:japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan’s ¥10 million consumption-tax threshold","plainText":"The ¥10M threshold is about taxable sales in the base period (normally two years prior), not profit — so a low-margin business can be liable — and new businesses can still be taxable through the specified-period test, election, or invoice registration.\nTaxable sales vs profit, base period, specified period, and new-business exceptions.\nThe measure is taxable sales, not profit.\nBase period for an individual is normally the second preceding year.\nThe specified-period test can make you taxable sooner.\nA new business is not automatically exempt.\nSales, not profit\nThe common misunderstanding is that ¥10M refers to profit. It refers to taxable sales in the base period — for an individual, normally the year two years earlier. A business with high turnover but thin margins can cross the line while a high-profit consultancy with modest billings may not. Measure taxable sales specifically, excluding non-taxable items.\nNew businesses and exceptions\nA new business has no base period at first, which is why it is often exempt for the first years — but not always. The first-half specified-period test (using sales or wages) can make you taxable in year two, a voluntary election can be chosen, and invoice registration overrides exemption entirely. Model your trajectory before assuming two tax-free years.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","guide:consumption-tax-freelancers-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"The ¥10M threshold is about taxable sales in the base period (normally two years prior), not profit — so a low-margin business can be liable — and new businesses can still be taxable through the specified-period test, election, or invoice registration.\nTaxable sales vs profit, base period, specified period, and new-business exceptions.\nThe measure is taxable sales, not profit.\nBase period for an individual is normally the second preceding year.\nThe specified-period test can make you taxable sooner.\nA new business is not automatically exempt.\nSales, not profit\nThe common misunderstanding is that ¥10M refers to profit. It refers to taxable sales in the base period — for an individual, normally the year two years earlier. A business with high turnover but thin margins can cross the line while a high-profit consultancy with modest billings may not. Measure taxable sales specifically, excluding non-taxable items.\nNew businesses and exceptions\nA new business has no base period at first, which is why it is often exempt for the first years — but not always. The first-half specified-period test (using sales or wages) can make you taxable in year two, a voluntary election can be chosen, and invoice registration overrides exemption entirely. Model your trajectory before assuming two tax-free years.","url":"/en/tax/japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system:en","entityId":"guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should you register for the invoice system?","plainText":"Registering as a qualified-invoice issuer lets business clients claim input credits on what they pay you, but it makes you liable for consumption tax you were exempt from — so weigh client pressure and lost work against the tax and compliance cost, using the 20% special measure to soften early years.\nClient pressure, pricing, lost work, compliance cost, and consumption-tax liability.\nRegistration lets business customers claim input-tax credit on your invoices.\nIt also makes you a taxable business (you owe consumption tax).\nWeigh client pressure and lost work vs the tax and compliance cost.\nThe 20% special measure can cap early-year liability for eligible registrants.\nWhy clients care\nBusiness customers generally need a qualified invoice to claim input-tax credit on what they pay. If you are unregistered, a business client’s cost effectively rises, which is why some ask suppliers to register or renegotiate price. Consumers and clients who cannot use input credit anyway do not care about your registration.\nMaking the decision\nModel it: how much of your revenue is from business clients who need input credit, whether losing them or discounting outweighs the consumption tax you would owe, and the compliance cost of filing. For eligible newly taxable registrants, the temporary 20% special measure lets you pay just 20% of output tax through qualifying periods, softening the early hit. This is a good first-registration question for a tax accountant.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:invoice-system-explained","guide:the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Registering as a qualified-invoice issuer lets business clients claim input credits on what they pay you, but it makes you liable for consumption tax you were exempt from — so weigh client pressure and lost work against the tax and compliance cost, using the 20% special measure to soften early years.\nClient pressure, pricing, lost work, compliance cost, and consumption-tax liability.\nRegistration lets business customers claim input-tax credit on your invoices.\nIt also makes you a taxable business (you owe consumption tax).\nWeigh client pressure and lost work vs the tax and compliance cost.\nThe 20% special measure can cap early-year liability for eligible registrants.\nWhy clients care\nBusiness customers generally need a qualified invoice to claim input-tax credit on what they pay. If you are unregistered, a business client’s cost effectively rises, which is why some ask suppliers to register or renegotiate price. Consumers and clients who cannot use input credit anyway do not care about your registration.\nMaking the decision\nModel it: how much of your revenue is from business clients who need input credit, whether losing them or discounting outweighs the consumption tax you would owe, and the compliance cost of filing. For eligible newly taxable registrants, the temporary 20% special measure lets you pay just 20% of output tax through qualifying periods, softening the early hit. This is a good first-registration question for a tax accountant.","url":"/en/tax/should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax:en","entityId":"guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Simplified vs general consumption-tax calculation","plainText":"The simplified method (electable when base-period taxable sales are ≤¥50M) replaces actual input-tax tracking with a deemed purchase ratio (40–90% by business type), while the general method uses your real input tax — the election has deadlines and a lock-in, so model it first.\nEligibility, deemed purchase ratios, actual input tax, lock-in periods, and examples.\nSimplified: electable at ≤¥50M base-period taxable sales.\nIt uses deemed purchase ratios (40–90%) by business category.\nGeneral method uses your actual input tax (better if you have big inputs).\nThe election has filing deadlines and a lock-in period.\nThe two methods\nUnder the general (本則) method you compute output tax minus your actual input tax. Under the simplified (簡易課税) method — available when base-period taxable sales are ¥50M or less and you elect it — you skip actual input tracking and apply a deemed purchase ratio by business category (90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, or 40%). A service business with few taxable purchases often pays less under simplified; a business with large taxable inputs may prefer general.\nElection and lock-in\nThe simplified election has filing deadlines and generally locks you in for a period, so you cannot switch year to year to chase the lower result. If you expect a large future purchase (equipment, inventory) that would generate big input credits, the general method may be better that year. Model both before electing, especially at first registration.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","guide:the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6505.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"The simplified method (electable when base-period taxable sales are ≤¥50M) replaces actual input-tax tracking with a deemed purchase ratio (40–90% by business type), while the general method uses your real input tax — the election has deadlines and a lock-in, so model it first.\nEligibility, deemed purchase ratios, actual input tax, lock-in periods, and examples.\nSimplified: electable at ≤¥50M base-period taxable sales.\nIt uses deemed purchase ratios (40–90%) by business category.\nGeneral method uses your actual input tax (better if you have big inputs).\nThe election has filing deadlines and a lock-in period.\nThe two methods\nUnder the general (本則) method you compute output tax minus your actual input tax. Under the simplified (簡易課税) method — available when base-period taxable sales are ¥50M or less and you elect it — you skip actual input tracking and apply a deemed purchase ratio by business category (90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, or 40%). A service business with few taxable purchases often pays less under simplified; a business with large taxable inputs may prefer general.\nElection and lock-in\nThe simplified election has filing deadlines and generally locks you in for a period, so you cannot switch year to year to chase the lower result. If you expect a large future purchase (equipment, inventory) that would generate big input credits, the general method may be better that year. Model both before electing, especially at first registration.","url":"/en/tax/simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure:en","entityId":"guide:the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"The 20% invoice-system special measure","plainText":"The temporary 20% special measure lets eligible businesses that became taxable only because they registered for the invoice system pay just 20% of their output tax, for taxable periods containing dates through September 30, 2026 — cushioning the early cost of registration.\nEligibility, covered periods, calculation, interaction with simplified taxation, and end date.\nFor businesses that became taxable only due to invoice registration.\nPay 20% of output tax instead of the general or simplified result.\nCovers taxable periods containing dates through September 30, 2026.\nPlan for what happens when the measure ends.\nHow it works\nIf you were an exempt business and became taxable only because you registered as a qualified-invoice issuer, you can elect to pay 20% of your output consumption tax — a large simplification that usually reduces the bill versus the general method. It applies to taxable periods containing dates through September 30, 2026, subject to the detailed eligibility rules, and you can generally choose it period by period.\nPlanning past the measure\nBecause the measure is temporary, model what your consumption tax will look like after it ends — whether the simplified method or general method fits, and whether registration still makes sense. Do not build pricing around a relief that expires; decide your post-relief method in advance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax","guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"The temporary 20% special measure lets eligible businesses that became taxable only because they registered for the invoice system pay just 20% of their output tax, for taxable periods containing dates through September 30, 2026 — cushioning the early cost of registration.\nEligibility, covered periods, calculation, interaction with simplified taxation, and end date.\nFor businesses that became taxable only due to invoice registration.\nPay 20% of output tax instead of the general or simplified result.\nCovers taxable periods containing dates through September 30, 2026.\nPlan for what happens when the measure ends.\nHow it works\nIf you were an exempt business and became taxable only because you registered as a qualified-invoice issuer, you can elect to pay 20% of your output consumption tax — a large simplification that usually reduces the bill versus the general method. It applies to taxable periods containing dates through September 30, 2026, subject to the detailed eligibility rules, and you can generally choose it period by period.\nPlanning past the measure\nBecause the measure is temporary, model what your consumption tax will look like after it ends — whether the simplified method or general method fits, and whether registration still makes sense. Do not build pricing around a relief that expires; decide your post-relief method in advance.","url":"/en/tax/the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:consumption-tax-for-landlords-and-property-owners:en","entityId":"guide:consumption-tax-for-landlords-and-property-owners","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Consumption tax for landlords and property owners","plainText":"Residential rent is generally non-taxable for consumption tax while commercial rent is taxable; land transactions are treated differently from buildings; and whether you can claim input credits or owe tax on a sale depends on your taxable status and the property’s use.\nResidential vs commercial rent, land vs buildings, purchases, input credits, and sales.\nResidential rent: generally non-taxable; commercial rent: taxable.\nLand is treated differently from buildings for consumption tax.\nInput credits depend on your taxable status and the property’s use.\nA building sale by a taxable seller can carry consumption tax; land does not.\nRent and land\nFor consumption tax, ordinary residential rent is generally non-taxable, so a residential landlord is often outside the consumption-tax system, while commercial rent is taxable. Land transactions (rent of land and land sales) are treated differently from buildings. This means a mixed portfolio can have both taxable and non-taxable streams, which affects input-credit calculations.\nBuying and selling\nA taxable seller’s building component can carry consumption tax on a sale, while land does not. Whether you can recover input tax on purchases and expenses depends on being a taxable business and on the taxable/non-taxable mix of your rental income. Because residential landlords are often exempt and commercial ownership can bring input-credit opportunities, the analysis is property-specific — get advice for larger portfolios.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/consumption-tax-for-landlords-and-property-owners","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-taxes-in-japan","guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Residential rent is generally non-taxable for consumption tax while commercial rent is taxable; land transactions are treated differently from buildings; and whether you can claim input credits or owe tax on a sale depends on your taxable status and the property’s use.\nResidential vs commercial rent, land vs buildings, purchases, input credits, and sales.\nResidential rent: generally non-taxable; commercial rent: taxable.\nLand is treated differently from buildings for consumption tax.\nInput credits depend on your taxable status and the property’s use.\nA building sale by a taxable seller can carry consumption tax; land does not.\nRent and land\nFor consumption tax, ordinary residential rent is generally non-taxable, so a residential landlord is often outside the consumption-tax system, while commercial rent is taxable. Land transactions (rent of land and land sales) are treated differently from buildings. This means a mixed portfolio can have both taxable and non-taxable streams, which affects input-credit calculations.\nBuying and selling\nA taxable seller’s building component can carry consumption tax on a sale, while land does not. Whether you can recover input tax on purchases and expenses depends on being a taxable business and on the taxable/non-taxable mix of your rental income. Because residential landlords are often exempt and commercial ownership can bring input-credit opportunities, the analysis is property-specific — get advice for larger portfolios.","url":"/en/tax/consumption-tax-for-landlords-and-property-owners","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes on Japanese stocks and capital gains","plainText":"Gains on listed shares are taxed separately at a combined 20.315%; a withholding-designated (特定) account collects the tax automatically, but you can file to offset losses against gains and dividends or carry a loss forward three years.\nSeparate taxation, the 20.315% rate, withholding accounts, filing, and loss offsets.\nCombined rate: 20.315% (15% national + 0.315% reconstruction + 5% local).\nA withholding 特定 account settles tax without a return.\nFiling lets you offset losses and carry them forward three years.\nFiling can affect resident tax, insurance premiums, and dependent status.\nThe rate and accounts\nListed-share gains use separate self-assessment taxation at 20.315% combined. If you use a withholding-designated (特定口座・源泉徴収あり) account, the broker withholds and remits, so you need not file. A non-withholding 特定 account gives you the annual report but you file yourself, and a general account requires you to compute everything.\nWhen to file anyway\nEven with a withholding account, filing can pay off: you can offset a listed-share loss against gains and eligible dividends, and carry a remaining loss forward three years with continuous filing. But filing adds the income to resident-tax measures, which can raise health-insurance premiums or affect dependent status — so weigh the whole picture.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","guide:how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses","guide:how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Gains on listed shares are taxed separately at a combined 20.315%; a withholding-designated (特定) account collects the tax automatically, but you can file to offset losses against gains and dividends or carry a loss forward three years.\nSeparate taxation, the 20.315% rate, withholding accounts, filing, and loss offsets.\nCombined rate: 20.315% (15% national + 0.315% reconstruction + 5% local).\nA withholding 特定 account settles tax without a return.\nFiling lets you offset losses and carry them forward three years.\nFiling can affect resident tax, insurance premiums, and dependent status.\nThe rate and accounts\nListed-share gains use separate self-assessment taxation at 20.315% combined. If you use a withholding-designated (特定口座・源泉徴収あり) account, the broker withholds and remits, so you need not file. A non-withholding 特定 account gives you the annual report but you file yourself, and a general account requires you to compute everything.\nWhen to file anyway\nEven with a withholding account, filing can pay off: you can offset a listed-share loss against gains and eligible dividends, and carry a remaining loss forward three years with continuous filing. But filing adds the income to resident-tax measures, which can raise health-insurance premiums or affect dependent status — so weigh the whole picture.","url":"/en/tax/taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes on dividends","plainText":"Listed dividends generally have 15.315% national withholding plus 5% local tax, and you can choose non-filing, aggregate taxation (with the dividend credit), or separate taxation — the best choice depends on your marginal rate, losses, resident tax, and insurance effects.\nWithholding, non-filing, aggregate vs separate taxation, and the dividend credit.\nListed dividends: 15.315% national + 5% local withholding.\nThree options: non-filing, aggregate taxation, or separate taxation.\nAggregate taxation can use the dividend credit at lower incomes.\nLarge shareholders and unlisted dividends follow different rules.\nYour three options\nFor listed dividends you can leave them under withholding (non-filing), include them in aggregate taxation (where the dividend credit and your progressive rate apply), or use separate taxation (which pairs with share-loss offsets). Lower-income taxpayers sometimes gain from aggregate taxation and the dividend credit; higher-income taxpayers often prefer non-filing or separate taxation.\nWhat to watch\nThe right choice depends on the dividend credit, any share losses to offset, your marginal rate, and — importantly — resident tax, health-insurance premiums, and dependent status, since filing adds the income to those measures. Large shareholders and unlisted-company dividends have their own, less favorable rules. Model the full effect before choosing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","guide:how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Listed dividends generally have 15.315% national withholding plus 5% local tax, and you can choose non-filing, aggregate taxation (with the dividend credit), or separate taxation — the best choice depends on your marginal rate, losses, resident tax, and insurance effects.\nWithholding, non-filing, aggregate vs separate taxation, and the dividend credit.\nListed dividends: 15.315% national + 5% local withholding.\nThree options: non-filing, aggregate taxation, or separate taxation.\nAggregate taxation can use the dividend credit at lower incomes.\nLarge shareholders and unlisted dividends follow different rules.\nYour three options\nFor listed dividends you can leave them under withholding (non-filing), include them in aggregate taxation (where the dividend credit and your progressive rate apply), or use separate taxation (which pairs with share-loss offsets). Lower-income taxpayers sometimes gain from aggregate taxation and the dividend credit; higher-income taxpayers often prefer non-filing or separate taxation.\nWhat to watch\nThe right choice depends on the dividend credit, any share losses to offset, your marginal rate, and — importantly — resident tax, health-insurance premiums, and dependent status, since filing adds the income to those measures. Large shareholders and unlisted-company dividends have their own, less favorable rules. Model the full effect before choosing.","url":"/en/tax/taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to claim and carry forward stock losses","plainText":"A listed-share loss can be offset against listed-share gains and, by election, eligible dividends; any remaining loss carries forward three years — but only if you file a return each year continuously, even in years with no gain.\nEligible losses, dividend offsets, continuous filing, and the three-year carryforward.\nOffset losses against listed-share gains and, by election, eligible dividends.\nCarry a remaining loss forward up to three years.\nYou must file continuously — even in a no-gain year — to preserve it.\nRequires an eligible account and the annual transaction report.\nOffsetting and carrying forward\nWhen you realize a loss on listed shares, filing lets you set it against listed-share gains in the same year and, if you elect, against eligible listed dividends. If a loss remains, it carries forward up to three years to offset future gains and dividends. This can meaningfully reduce tax across a volatile few years.\nKeep filing\nThe catch is continuity: to keep a carried-forward loss alive you must file a return every year in the carryforward window, even a year with no gains, otherwise the loss is lost. Keep the annual transaction reports, and if you have losses across multiple brokers, filing consolidates them.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"A listed-share loss can be offset against listed-share gains and, by election, eligible dividends; any remaining loss carries forward three years — but only if you file a return each year continuously, even in years with no gain.\nEligible losses, dividend offsets, continuous filing, and the three-year carryforward.\nOffset losses against listed-share gains and, by election, eligible dividends.\nCarry a remaining loss forward up to three years.\nYou must file continuously — even in a no-gain year — to preserve it.\nRequires an eligible account and the annual transaction report.\nOffsetting and carrying forward\nWhen you realize a loss on listed shares, filing lets you set it against listed-share gains in the same year and, if you elect, against eligible listed dividends. If a loss remains, it carries forward up to three years to offset future gains and dividends. This can meaningfully reduce tax across a volatile few years.\nKeep filing\nThe catch is continuity: to keep a carried-forward loss alive you must file a return every year in the carryforward window, even a year with no gains, otherwise the loss is lost. Keep the annual transaction reports, and if you have losses across multiple brokers, filing consolidates them.","url":"/en/tax/how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance:en","entityId":"guide:how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How filing investments can affect health insurance and benefits","plainText":"Choosing to file investment income (to use losses or the dividend credit) adds it to the income figures used for resident tax, National Health Insurance premiums, dependent status, and some benefits — so a national-tax refund can be offset by higher premiums.\nResident-tax income, National Health Insurance, dependent status, and filing-choice tradeoffs.\nFiling investment income adds it to resident-tax income measures.\nThat can raise National Health Insurance premiums.\nIt can affect dependent status and income-tested benefits.\nA national-tax refund can be partly offset by higher premiums.\nThe hidden link\nInvestment income under a withholding account stays out of your reported income unless you choose to file. When you do file — to offset losses or claim the dividend credit — the income joins the figures used for resident tax and, for those on National Health Insurance, premium calculations. It can also push someone over a dependent threshold or reduce an income-tested benefit.\nChoosing well\nThis is why the filing choice is not only about income tax. A refund from offsetting a loss can be partly or fully eaten by higher insurance premiums or lost dependent status. Employees on employer health insurance are less exposed than those on National Health Insurance. Model the national tax, resident tax, premiums, and benefits together before deciding to file.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Shinjuku City","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Choosing to file investment income (to use losses or the dividend credit) adds it to the income figures used for resident tax, National Health Insurance premiums, dependent status, and some benefits — so a national-tax refund can be offset by higher premiums.\nResident-tax income, National Health Insurance, dependent status, and filing-choice tradeoffs.\nFiling investment income adds it to resident-tax income measures.\nThat can raise National Health Insurance premiums.\nIt can affect dependent status and income-tested benefits.\nA national-tax refund can be partly offset by higher premiums.\nThe hidden link\nInvestment income under a withholding account stays out of your reported income unless you choose to file. When you do file — to offset losses or claim the dividend credit — the income joins the figures used for resident tax and, for those on National Health Insurance, premium calculations. It can also push someone over a dependent threshold or reduce an income-tested benefit.\nChoosing well\nThis is why the filing choice is not only about income tax. A refund from offsetting a loss can be partly or fully eaten by higher insurance premiums or lost dependent status. Employees on employer health insurance are less exposed than those on National Health Insurance. Model the national tax, resident tax, premiums, and benefits together before deciding to file.","url":"/en/tax/how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes on foreign securities and brokerages","plainText":"A Japanese resident’s dividends and gains from foreign securities are taxable in Japan (a foreign broker usually does no Japanese withholding), you translate amounts to yen, and foreign tax withheld abroad may be relieved through the foreign-tax credit — with its own limits and documentation.\nForeign dividends, gains, currency, foreign withholding, and the foreign-tax credit.\nForeign dividends and gains are taxable in Japan for residents.\nA foreign broker usually does not withhold Japanese tax — you file.\nTranslate amounts to yen using the appropriate rate.\nForeign withholding may be relieved via the foreign-tax credit.\nReporting foreign holdings\nIf you are a Japanese resident, dividends and capital gains from a foreign brokerage are taxable in Japan even though the foreign broker runs no Japanese withholding. You compute the income yourself from annual statements, translating each amount to yen at the appropriate rate. Keep the foreign statements and CSVs; a general-account-style manual calculation is common for foreign brokers.\nForeign withholding and credits\nForeign countries often withhold on dividends. Japan can grant a foreign-tax credit for qualifying foreign income taxes, limited by Japanese ceilings and requiring documentation of the country, income category, tax, payment, and exchange rate. The credit is not necessarily the whole foreign tax, and treaties can reduce the foreign withholding rate — worth reviewing with a professional if amounts are significant.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan","guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1240.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"A Japanese resident’s dividends and gains from foreign securities are taxable in Japan (a foreign broker usually does no Japanese withholding), you translate amounts to yen, and foreign tax withheld abroad may be relieved through the foreign-tax credit — with its own limits and documentation.\nForeign dividends, gains, currency, foreign withholding, and the foreign-tax credit.\nForeign dividends and gains are taxable in Japan for residents.\nA foreign broker usually does not withhold Japanese tax — you file.\nTranslate amounts to yen using the appropriate rate.\nForeign withholding may be relieved via the foreign-tax credit.\nReporting foreign holdings\nIf you are a Japanese resident, dividends and capital gains from a foreign brokerage are taxable in Japan even though the foreign broker runs no Japanese withholding. You compute the income yourself from annual statements, translating each amount to yen at the appropriate rate. Keep the foreign statements and CSVs; a general-account-style manual calculation is common for foreign brokers.\nForeign withholding and credits\nForeign countries often withhold on dividends. Japan can grant a foreign-tax credit for qualifying foreign income taxes, limited by Japanese ceilings and requiring documentation of the country, income category, tax, payment, and exchange rate. The credit is not necessarily the whole foreign tax, and treaties can reduce the foreign withholding rate — worth reviewing with a professional if amounts are significant.","url":"/en/tax/taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pension-income-tax:en","entityId":"guide:pension-income-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Pension income tax","plainText":"Public pensions are miscellaneous income after a statutory public-pension deduction; a resident with no more than ¥4M of qualifying public-pension receipts and ¥200,000 of other income may skip a national return, but foreign pensions without Japanese withholding can remove that exception.\nPublic and foreign pensions, the statutory deduction, withholding, and the filing exception.\nPublic pensions are miscellaneous income after the public-pension deduction.\nFiling exception: ≤¥4M public pension + ≤¥200,000 other income.\nForeign pensions without Japanese withholding can block the exception.\nYou may still file to claim deductions or a resident-tax declaration.\nHow pensions are taxed\nPublic pensions (Japanese and, for residents, foreign) are miscellaneous income after a statutory public-pension deduction that varies with age and pension amount. Japanese public pensions are typically subject to withholding. A resident with no more than ¥4M of qualifying public-pension receipts and no more than ¥200,000 of other income may be exempt from filing a national return.\nForeign pensions and filing\nA foreign pension not subject to Japanese withholding can prevent use of the pension non-filing rule, so recipients of overseas pensions often must file. Even when the exception applies, you may choose to file to claim medical or other deductions, and a resident-tax declaration may still be required. Keep pension statements and any foreign-tax records.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/pension-income-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:retirement-income-tax","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1600.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Public pensions are miscellaneous income after a statutory public-pension deduction; a resident with no more than ¥4M of qualifying public-pension receipts and ¥200,000 of other income may skip a national return, but foreign pensions without Japanese withholding can remove that exception.\nPublic and foreign pensions, the statutory deduction, withholding, and the filing exception.\nPublic pensions are miscellaneous income after the public-pension deduction.\nFiling exception: ≤¥4M public pension + ≤¥200,000 other income.\nForeign pensions without Japanese withholding can block the exception.\nYou may still file to claim deductions or a resident-tax declaration.\nHow pensions are taxed\nPublic pensions (Japanese and, for residents, foreign) are miscellaneous income after a statutory public-pension deduction that varies with age and pension amount. Japanese public pensions are typically subject to withholding. A resident with no more than ¥4M of qualifying public-pension receipts and no more than ¥200,000 of other income may be exempt from filing a national return.\nForeign pensions and filing\nA foreign pension not subject to Japanese withholding can prevent use of the pension non-filing rule, so recipients of overseas pensions often must file. Even when the exception applies, you may choose to file to claim medical or other deductions, and a resident-tax declaration may still be required. Keep pension statements and any foreign-tax records.","url":"/en/tax/pension-income-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:retirement-income-tax:en","entityId":"guide:retirement-income-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Retirement income tax","plainText":"Retirement income is taxed favorably: subtract the retirement-income deduction (¥400,000 per service year, more after 20 years) from the payment and tax one-half of the rest — separately from your other income — provided you file the retirement-income declaration.\nThe retirement deduction, one-half treatment, service years, and the withholding declaration.\nDeduction: ¥400,000/service year (¥800,000 min ≤20 years).\nAbove 20 years: ¥8M + ¥700,000/extra year.\nOnly one-half of the excess is taxed; it is separate from other income.\nFile the retirement-income declaration or 20.42% is withheld.\nThe calculation\nCompute the retirement-income deduction from years of service: ¥400,000 per year (minimum ¥800,000 for 20 years or less), then ¥8,000,000 plus ¥700,000 per year above 20. Subtract it from the retirement payment and take one-half. For 25 years and a ¥15,000,000 allowance: deduction ¥11,500,000, so (¥15,000,000 − ¥11,500,000) × 1/2 = ¥1,750,000 of retirement income, taxed separately.\nDeclaration and special rules\nFile the retirement-income declaration with the payer so the correct favorable amount is withheld; otherwise 20.42% is withheld and you file to reconcile. Short-service and short-service-director payments have rules that reduce the one-half benefit, and multiple retirement payments (including DC/iDeCo lump sums) interact through the service-year rules.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/retirement-income-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing","guide:pension-income-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1420.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Retirement income is taxed favorably: subtract the retirement-income deduction (¥400,000 per service year, more after 20 years) from the payment and tax one-half of the rest — separately from your other income — provided you file the retirement-income declaration.\nThe retirement deduction, one-half treatment, service years, and the withholding declaration.\nDeduction: ¥400,000/service year (¥800,000 min ≤20 years).\nAbove 20 years: ¥8M + ¥700,000/extra year.\nOnly one-half of the excess is taxed; it is separate from other income.\nFile the retirement-income declaration or 20.42% is withheld.\nThe calculation\nCompute the retirement-income deduction from years of service: ¥400,000 per year (minimum ¥800,000 for 20 years or less), then ¥8,000,000 plus ¥700,000 per year above 20. Subtract it from the retirement payment and take one-half. For 25 years and a ¥15,000,000 allowance: deduction ¥11,500,000, so (¥15,000,000 − ¥11,500,000) × 1/2 = ¥1,750,000 of retirement income, taxed separately.\nDeclaration and special rules\nFile the retirement-income declaration with the payer so the correct favorable amount is withheld; otherwise 20.42% is withheld and you file to reconcile. Short-service and short-service-director payments have rules that reduce the one-half benefit, and multiple retirement payments (including DC/iDeCo lump sums) interact through the service-year rules.","url":"/en/tax/retirement-income-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing:en","entityId":"guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"iDeCo and retirement-allowance timing","plainText":"Taking an iDeCo lump sum and a company retirement allowance both use the retirement-income deduction, and their service periods can overlap — so receiving them in the wrong order or too close together can waste the deduction; the timing should be modeled.\nOverlapping service periods, lump-sum treatment, and payout sequencing.\nBoth an iDeCo lump sum and a retirement allowance use the retirement-income deduction.\nTheir service/contribution periods can overlap, limiting the combined deduction.\nPayout order and the gap between them affect the result.\nModel the sequencing before you elect a payout method.\nWhy timing matters\nThe retirement-income deduction is based on years of service (or iDeCo contribution years). When you receive two lump sums — a company retirement allowance and an iDeCo payout — the rules can treat their periods as overlapping, so you do not simply add two full deductions. Receiving them in a particular order, or with enough years between them, can preserve more deduction.\nModel it first\nThe interaction is intricate and depends on your service years, contribution years, and the amounts involved, plus whether you take iDeCo as a lump sum or as a pension. Before you fix a retirement date or elect a payout method, model the alternatives — this is a common area to consult a professional so a favorable deduction is not accidentally lost.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:retirement-income-tax","guide:ideco-tax-deduction","guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1420.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Taking an iDeCo lump sum and a company retirement allowance both use the retirement-income deduction, and their service periods can overlap — so receiving them in the wrong order or too close together can waste the deduction; the timing should be modeled.\nOverlapping service periods, lump-sum treatment, and payout sequencing.\nBoth an iDeCo lump sum and a retirement allowance use the retirement-income deduction.\nTheir service/contribution periods can overlap, limiting the combined deduction.\nPayout order and the gap between them affect the result.\nModel the sequencing before you elect a payout method.\nWhy timing matters\nThe retirement-income deduction is based on years of service (or iDeCo contribution years). When you receive two lump sums — a company retirement allowance and an iDeCo payout — the rules can treat their periods as overlapping, so you do not simply add two full deductions. Receiving them in a particular order, or with enough years between them, can preserve more deduction.\nModel it first\nThe interaction is intricate and depends on your service years, contribution years, and the amounts involved, plus whether you take iDeCo as a lump sum or as a pension. Before you fix a retirement date or elect a payout method, model the alternatives — this is a common area to consult a professional so a favorable deduction is not accidentally lost.","url":"/en/tax/ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords:en","entityId":"guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rental income tax for landlords","plainText":"Rental income is rent plus nonrefundable deposits and renewal fees, minus necessary expenses like fixed-asset tax, insurance, depreciation, repairs, and the rental portion of loan interest — loan principal is never deductible, and a blue return can add a special deduction.\nRent, fees, deposits, expenses, depreciation, interest, vacancy, and blue returns.\nIncome includes rent, nonrefundable deposits, and renewal fees.\nDeductible: fixed-asset tax, insurance, depreciation, repairs, interest.\nLoan principal is never deductible; interest may be.\nExample: ¥2.4M income − ¥1.5M expenses = ¥900,000 rental income.\nWhat counts as income\nRental income includes rents, nonrefundable deposits (e.g., key money), renewal fees, and tenant reimbursements. A refundable security deposit is not income until it becomes nonrefundable. Necessary expenses commonly include fixed-asset tax, property insurance, depreciation, and repairs. As a worked example: ¥2.4M of rent and nonrefundable fees minus ¥1.5M of expenses is ¥900,000 of rental income.\nInterest, principal, and blue returns\nQualifying loan interest is deductible but loan principal repayment is not — a frequent mistake. Capital improvements are depreciated rather than expensed. If your rental rises to the level of a business, a blue return can add a special deduction and family-employee salaries. Keep the purchase contract, land/building allocation, loan statements, and a depreciation schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/rental-income-tax-for-landlords","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:deductible-rental-property-expenses","guide:rental-property-depreciation","guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Rental income is rent plus nonrefundable deposits and renewal fees, minus necessary expenses like fixed-asset tax, insurance, depreciation, repairs, and the rental portion of loan interest — loan principal is never deductible, and a blue return can add a special deduction.\nRent, fees, deposits, expenses, depreciation, interest, vacancy, and blue returns.\nIncome includes rent, nonrefundable deposits, and renewal fees.\nDeductible: fixed-asset tax, insurance, depreciation, repairs, interest.\nLoan principal is never deductible; interest may be.\nExample: ¥2.4M income − ¥1.5M expenses = ¥900,000 rental income.\nWhat counts as income\nRental income includes rents, nonrefundable deposits (e.g., key money), renewal fees, and tenant reimbursements. A refundable security deposit is not income until it becomes nonrefundable. Necessary expenses commonly include fixed-asset tax, property insurance, depreciation, and repairs. As a worked example: ¥2.4M of rent and nonrefundable fees minus ¥1.5M of expenses is ¥900,000 of rental income.\nInterest, principal, and blue returns\nQualifying loan interest is deductible but loan principal repayment is not — a frequent mistake. Capital improvements are depreciated rather than expensed. If your rental rises to the level of a business, a blue return can add a special deduction and family-employee salaries. Keep the purchase contract, land/building allocation, loan statements, and a depreciation schedule.","url":"/en/tax/rental-income-tax-for-landlords","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:deductible-rental-property-expenses:en","entityId":"guide:deductible-rental-property-expenses","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Deductible rental property expenses","plainText":"You can deduct current expenses like management fees, routine repairs, insurance, fixed-asset tax, loan interest, and landlord-paid utilities — but not loan principal, capital improvements (depreciated instead), or the personal-use portion of a mixed property.\nManagement, repairs, insurance, fixed-asset tax, interest, utilities, and personal-use allocation.\nCurrent expenses: management, repairs, insurance, fixed-asset tax, interest, utilities.\nNot deductible: loan principal, capital improvements (depreciate), personal use.\nSeparate current expenses from balance-sheet/capital items.\nKeep professional fees and advertising receipts too.\nCurrent expenses\nDeductible current expenses commonly include management fees, advertising, routine repairs, property insurance, fixed-asset tax, loan interest, landlord-paid utilities, and professional fees. Keep a separate schedule per property. These reduce your rental income directly in the year paid.\nWhat is not a current expense\nSeparate out balance-sheet and capital items: the building and land purchase price (land is not depreciated), major improvements (depreciated), loan principal, security deposits repayable to tenants, acquisition transaction costs requiring capitalization, and any personal-use portion. Mixing these into current expenses overstates your deduction and is a common audit adjustment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/deductible-rental-property-expenses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements","guide:rental-property-depreciation"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"You can deduct current expenses like management fees, routine repairs, insurance, fixed-asset tax, loan interest, and landlord-paid utilities — but not loan principal, capital improvements (depreciated instead), or the personal-use portion of a mixed property.\nManagement, repairs, insurance, fixed-asset tax, interest, utilities, and personal-use allocation.\nCurrent expenses: management, repairs, insurance, fixed-asset tax, interest, utilities.\nNot deductible: loan principal, capital improvements (depreciate), personal use.\nSeparate current expenses from balance-sheet/capital items.\nKeep professional fees and advertising receipts too.\nCurrent expenses\nDeductible current expenses commonly include management fees, advertising, routine repairs, property insurance, fixed-asset tax, loan interest, landlord-paid utilities, and professional fees. Keep a separate schedule per property. These reduce your rental income directly in the year paid.\nWhat is not a current expense\nSeparate out balance-sheet and capital items: the building and land purchase price (land is not depreciated), major improvements (depreciated), loan principal, security deposits repayable to tenants, acquisition transaction costs requiring capitalization, and any personal-use portion. Mixing these into current expenses overstates your deduction and is a common audit adjustment.","url":"/en/tax/deductible-rental-property-expenses","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements:en","entityId":"guide:rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rental repairs vs capital improvements","plainText":"Work that merely restores a property to its original condition is a deductible repair; work that extends its useful life or increases its value is a capital improvement that must be depreciated rather than expensed — and borderline cases have specific tests.\nCurrent expense vs capitalization, useful-life extension, and records.\nRepair (restore original condition) → current expense.\nImprovement (extend life or add value) → capitalize and depreciate.\nLarge or structural work is more likely to be capital.\nKeep invoices describing the work, not just the amount.\nDrawing the line\nA repair returns the property to its prior state — fixing a leak, repapering, replacing a broken fixture with an equivalent — and is deductible now. A capital improvement extends useful life or raises value — an upgrade, an extension, a substantially better replacement — and is depreciated over time. Cost and scope matter: large or structural work leans capital.\nUncertain cases\nThere are formal tests for borderline work (small amounts and periodic maintenance can be treated as repairs), and misclassifying a big improvement as a repair overstates the current deduction. Keep invoices that describe what was done, not just totals, and get advice on large projects so the split between expense and depreciation is defensible.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:deductible-rental-property-expenses","guide:rental-property-depreciation","guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Work that merely restores a property to its original condition is a deductible repair; work that extends its useful life or increases its value is a capital improvement that must be depreciated rather than expensed — and borderline cases have specific tests.\nCurrent expense vs capitalization, useful-life extension, and records.\nRepair (restore original condition) → current expense.\nImprovement (extend life or add value) → capitalize and depreciate.\nLarge or structural work is more likely to be capital.\nKeep invoices describing the work, not just the amount.\nDrawing the line\nA repair returns the property to its prior state — fixing a leak, repapering, replacing a broken fixture with an equivalent — and is deductible now. A capital improvement extends useful life or raises value — an upgrade, an extension, a substantially better replacement — and is depreciated over time. Cost and scope matter: large or structural work leans capital.\nUncertain cases\nThere are formal tests for borderline work (small amounts and periodic maintenance can be treated as repairs), and misclassifying a big improvement as a repair overstates the current deduction. Keep invoices that describe what was done, not just totals, and get advice on large projects so the split between expense and depreciation is defensible.","url":"/en/tax/rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rental-property-depreciation:en","entityId":"guide:rental-property-depreciation","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rental property depreciation","plainText":"You depreciate the building (and certain components) over statutory useful lives but never the land, so you must split the purchase price between land and building — and reconstructing that split for an old property with missing documents needs care or a professional.\nLand vs building, component allocation, useful lives, and missing documents.\nDepreciate the building; never depreciate land.\nSplit the purchase price between land and building.\nUseful life depends on structure (e.g., wood vs reinforced concrete).\nMissing purchase documents make basis reconstruction hard.\nSplitting land and building\nBecause land is not depreciated, only the building portion of your purchase generates depreciation. Split the price using the contract, the assessed values, or another reasonable method, then depreciate the building over the useful life for its structure. Fixtures and equipment can have their own, shorter lives.\nOld properties and records\nFor a used building, you also account for prior depreciation, and for a very old property with a missing purchase contract or no land/building allocation, reconstructing the basis is difficult and error-prone. This is a common point to involve a professional, because an incorrect basis flows through to both annual depreciation and the eventual sale calculation.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/rental-property-depreciation","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","guide:equipment-and-depreciation"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"You depreciate the building (and certain components) over statutory useful lives but never the land, so you must split the purchase price between land and building — and reconstructing that split for an old property with missing documents needs care or a professional.\nLand vs building, component allocation, useful lives, and missing documents.\nDepreciate the building; never depreciate land.\nSplit the purchase price between land and building.\nUseful life depends on structure (e.g., wood vs reinforced concrete).\nMissing purchase documents make basis reconstruction hard.\nSplitting land and building\nBecause land is not depreciated, only the building portion of your purchase generates depreciation. Split the price using the contract, the assessed values, or another reasonable method, then depreciate the building over the useful life for its structure. Fixtures and equipment can have their own, shorter lives.\nOld properties and records\nFor a used building, you also account for prior depreciation, and for a very old property with a missing purchase contract or no land/building allocation, reconstructing the basis is difficult and error-prone. This is a common point to involve a professional, because an incorrect basis flows through to both annual depreciation and the eventual sale calculation.","url":"/en/tax/rental-property-depreciation","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes when buying property in Japan","plainText":"Buying property can trigger real-estate acquisition tax (prefectural), registration and license tax on the title and mortgage, stamp tax on paper contracts, and consumption tax on the taxable building component — then annual fixed-asset and city-planning taxes once you own it.\nAcquisition tax, registration tax, stamp tax, building consumption tax, and annual taxes.\nReal-estate acquisition tax (prefectural) on acquiring property.\nRegistration and license tax on the title transfer and any mortgage.\nStamp tax on paper purchase and loan contracts.\nConsumption tax on the building component; land is treated differently.\nOne-time purchase taxes\nAt purchase you may face real-estate acquisition tax assessed by the prefecture, registration and license tax on registering the title and any mortgage (statutory rates on assessed values, with temporary reductions), stamp tax on paper contracts, and consumption tax on the taxable building portion — land itself is treated differently for consumption tax. Owner-occupied housing often qualifies for reliefs.\nThen the annual taxes\nOnce you own the property, the municipality bills fixed-asset tax and, in urbanization areas, city-planning tax each year, based on the January-1 owner and assessed value. Because acquisition, registration, and stamp reliefs are temporary and date-sensitive, confirm the current rate for your transaction date and check owner-occupier reductions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","guide:fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes","guide:property-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shitsumon/fudosan/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7191.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7140.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Buying property can trigger real-estate acquisition tax (prefectural), registration and license tax on the title and mortgage, stamp tax on paper contracts, and consumption tax on the taxable building component — then annual fixed-asset and city-planning taxes once you own it.\nAcquisition tax, registration tax, stamp tax, building consumption tax, and annual taxes.\nReal-estate acquisition tax (prefectural) on acquiring property.\nRegistration and license tax on the title transfer and any mortgage.\nStamp tax on paper purchase and loan contracts.\nConsumption tax on the building component; land is treated differently.\nOne-time purchase taxes\nAt purchase you may face real-estate acquisition tax assessed by the prefecture, registration and license tax on registering the title and any mortgage (statutory rates on assessed values, with temporary reductions), stamp tax on paper contracts, and consumption tax on the taxable building portion — land itself is treated differently for consumption tax. Owner-occupied housing often qualifies for reliefs.\nThen the annual taxes\nOnce you own the property, the municipality bills fixed-asset tax and, in urbanization areas, city-planning tax each year, based on the January-1 owner and assessed value. Because acquisition, registration, and stamp reliefs are temporary and date-sensitive, confirm the current rate for your transaction date and check owner-occupier reductions.","url":"/en/tax/taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes when selling property in Japan","plainText":"Selling property is a separate capital-gain transaction (not rental income): the gain is sale price minus basis and selling costs, taxed at short- or long-term rates by holding period, with the basis reduced by depreciation already taken — and owner-occupiers may get special relief.\nSeparate capital gains, holding periods, basis, depreciation, and owner-occupier relief.\nA sale is a separate capital gain, not rental income.\nGain = sale price − basis − selling expenses.\nShort- vs long-term rates depend on the holding period.\nOwner-occupiers may qualify for a special deduction/relief.\nComputing the gain\nThe gain is the sale price minus your basis (acquisition cost, allocated between land and building) minus selling expenses like brokerage. Importantly, the building basis is reduced by the depreciation you took (or should have taken) while renting, which can make the taxable gain larger than expected. Holding-period rules split gains into higher-rate short-term and lower-rate long-term.\nOwner-occupier relief\nIf you sold your own home, special measures — such as a substantial deduction for a principal residence — may reduce or eliminate the tax, subject to conditions. Gather the purchase contract, land/building allocation, acquisition costs, improvement and depreciation history, sale contract, brokerage fees, and evidence of residential use. Old properties with missing cost records often need a professional.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","guide:rental-property-depreciation","guide:property-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Selling property is a separate capital-gain transaction (not rental income): the gain is sale price minus basis and selling costs, taxed at short- or long-term rates by holding period, with the basis reduced by depreciation already taken — and owner-occupiers may get special relief.\nSeparate capital gains, holding periods, basis, depreciation, and owner-occupier relief.\nA sale is a separate capital gain, not rental income.\nGain = sale price − basis − selling expenses.\nShort- vs long-term rates depend on the holding period.\nOwner-occupiers may qualify for a special deduction/relief.\nComputing the gain\nThe gain is the sale price minus your basis (acquisition cost, allocated between land and building) minus selling expenses like brokerage. Importantly, the building basis is reduced by the depreciation you took (or should have taken) while renting, which can make the taxable gain larger than expected. Holding-period rules split gains into higher-rate short-term and lower-rate long-term.\nOwner-occupier relief\nIf you sold your own home, special measures — such as a substantial deduction for a principal residence — may reduce or eliminate the tax, subject to conditions. Gather the purchase contract, land/building allocation, acquisition costs, improvement and depreciation history, sale contract, brokerage fees, and evidence of residential use. Old properties with missing cost records often need a professional.","url":"/en/tax/taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes:en","entityId":"guide:fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fixed-asset and city-planning taxes","plainText":"Fixed-asset tax (and city-planning tax in urbanization areas) is an annual municipal tax on land, buildings, and depreciable assets, based on the January-1 owner and the assessed value — billed with payment slips, usually in several installments.\nAssessment, annual liability, notices, payment schedules, and the ownership date.\nAnnual municipal tax on land, buildings, and depreciable assets.\nBased on the January-1 owner and the assessed value.\nCity-planning tax adds in urbanization-promotion areas.\nPaid in installments on a municipal schedule.\nAssessment and billing\nThe municipality assesses your land and buildings and bills fixed-asset tax each year; in urbanization-promotion areas it adds city-planning tax. The person who owns the property on January 1 is liable for that year, regardless of a later sale, and the tax is paid in several installments per the local schedule. Residential land and new homes often receive reductions.\nLocal variation\nAssessed values are reviewed periodically, and rates, reductions, and payment dates vary by municipality. When you buy or sell, the parties often prorate the year’s tax between them by contract even though the January-1 owner is legally liable. Check your assessment notice and raise errors with the municipality.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","guide:property-taxes-in-japan","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Fixed-asset tax (and city-planning tax in urbanization areas) is an annual municipal tax on land, buildings, and depreciable assets, based on the January-1 owner and the assessed value — billed with payment slips, usually in several installments.\nAssessment, annual liability, notices, payment schedules, and the ownership date.\nAnnual municipal tax on land, buildings, and depreciable assets.\nBased on the January-1 owner and the assessed value.\nCity-planning tax adds in urbanization-promotion areas.\nPaid in installments on a municipal schedule.\nAssessment and billing\nThe municipality assesses your land and buildings and bills fixed-asset tax each year; in urbanization-promotion areas it adds city-planning tax. The person who owns the property on January 1 is liable for that year, regardless of a later sale, and the tax is paid in several installments per the local schedule. Residential land and new homes often receive reductions.\nLocal variation\nAssessed values are reviewed periodically, and rates, reductions, and payment dates vary by municipality. When you buy or sell, the parties often prorate the year’s tax between them by contract even though the January-1 owner is legally liable. Check your assessment notice and raise errors with the municipality.","url":"/en/tax/fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage interest vs mortgage tax credit","plainText":"For an owner-occupied home you use the housing-loan tax credit (a credit against tax); for a rental property you deduct the loan interest as an expense — but loan principal is never deductible in either case, and a mixed-use property must be split.\nRental interest deduction vs owner-occupier tax credit, principal, and mixed-use property.\nOwner-occupied home → housing-loan tax credit (reduces tax).\nRental property → loan interest is a deductible expense.\nLoan principal is never deductible in either case.\nA mixed-use (part-home, part-rental) property must be allocated.\nTwo different mechanisms\nThese are not the same thing. The housing-loan tax credit is a credit that reduces your income tax by a percentage of the year-end loan balance on a qualifying owner-occupied home. Rental-property interest, by contrast, is an ordinary business/real-estate expense that reduces rental income. You cannot use the owner-occupier credit on a purely rented property.\nPrincipal and mixed use\nIn both cases, loan principal repayment is never deductible — only interest (for rentals) or the credit (for owner-occupied). If a property is partly your home and partly rented, allocate the interest and the credit to the correct portions. Getting the split right matters for both your rental expense and your credit eligibility.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan","guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:property-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"For an owner-occupied home you use the housing-loan tax credit (a credit against tax); for a rental property you deduct the loan interest as an expense — but loan principal is never deductible in either case, and a mixed-use property must be split.\nRental interest deduction vs owner-occupier tax credit, principal, and mixed-use property.\nOwner-occupied home → housing-loan tax credit (reduces tax).\nRental property → loan interest is a deductible expense.\nLoan principal is never deductible in either case.\nA mixed-use (part-home, part-rental) property must be allocated.\nTwo different mechanisms\nThese are not the same thing. The housing-loan tax credit is a credit that reduces your income tax by a percentage of the year-end loan balance on a qualifying owner-occupied home. Rental-property interest, by contrast, is an ordinary business/real-estate expense that reduces rental income. You cannot use the owner-occupier credit on a purely rented property.\nPrincipal and mixed use\nIn both cases, loan principal repayment is never deductible — only interest (for rentals) or the credit (for owner-occupied). If a property is partly your home and partly rented, allocate the interest and the credit to the correct portions. Getting the split right matters for both your rental expense and your credit eligibility.","url":"/en/tax/mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nonresident-landlord-taxes:en","entityId":"guide:nonresident-landlord-taxes","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Nonresident landlord taxes","plainText":"A nonresident who rents out Japanese property is taxable in Japan on that rental income; certain tenants must withhold tax on the rent, you deduct the usual expenses on a filed return, and you generally need a Japanese tax representative to handle filings and notices.\nJapanese rental income, withholding, a tax representative, expenses, and the sale.\nNonresident Japanese rental income is taxable in Japan.\nCertain tenants must withhold tax on rent paid to a nonresident.\nYou file a return and deduct the usual rental expenses.\nAppoint a Japanese tax representative (納税管理人).\nRent withholding and filing\nIf you live abroad and rent out Japanese property, the rental income is Japan-source and taxable here. When the tenant is a corporation or an individual renting for business, they generally must withhold tax on the rent and remit it, which you then reconcile on a return. Residential tenants renting for their own home are usually an exception to the withholding requirement.\nTax representative and sale\nBecause you are abroad, appoint a Japanese tax representative (納税管理人) to file, receive notices, and pay on your behalf. You still deduct the ordinary rental expenses and depreciation. When you eventually sell, a nonresident sale can also involve withholding by the buyer, and treaty provisions may apply — plan the sale with a professional.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/nonresident-landlord-taxes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:tax-representative-guide","guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"A nonresident who rents out Japanese property is taxable in Japan on that rental income; certain tenants must withhold tax on the rent, you deduct the usual expenses on a filed return, and you generally need a Japanese tax representative to handle filings and notices.\nJapanese rental income, withholding, a tax representative, expenses, and the sale.\nNonresident Japanese rental income is taxable in Japan.\nCertain tenants must withhold tax on rent paid to a nonresident.\nYou file a return and deduct the usual rental expenses.\nAppoint a Japanese tax representative (納税管理人).\nRent withholding and filing\nIf you live abroad and rent out Japanese property, the rental income is Japan-source and taxable here. When the tenant is a corporation or an individual renting for business, they generally must withhold tax on the rent and remit it, which you then reconcile on a return. Residential tenants renting for their own home are usually an exception to the withholding requirement.\nTax representative and sale\nBecause you are abroad, appoint a Japanese tax representative (納税管理人) to file, receive notices, and pay on your behalf. You still deduct the ordinary rental expenses and depreciation. When you eventually sell, a nonresident sale can also involve withholding by the buyer, and treaty provisions may apply — plan the sale with a professional.","url":"/en/tax/nonresident-landlord-taxes","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:worldwide-vs-japan-source-income:en","entityId":"guide:worldwide-vs-japan-source-income","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Worldwide income vs Japan-source income","plainText":"What Japan can tax depends on your residency category and where income arises: work done in Japan is Japan-source even if paid abroad, permanent residents are taxed on worldwide income, and non-permanent residents add foreign income paid in or remitted to Japan.\nEmployment, services, rent, investments, businesses, pensions, and payments made overseas.\nWork performed in Japan is Japan-source income, even if paid overseas.\nPermanent residents (for tax) are taxed on worldwide income.\nNon-residents are taxed only on specified Japan-source income.\nWhere the money is paid does not decide the source.\nWhat is Japan-source\nJapan-source income includes employment or service income for work physically performed in Japan, rent from Japanese property, gains on Japanese assets, and Japanese business income — regardless of where it is paid. A foreign employer paying into an overseas account does not change the source. Non-residents are generally taxed only on such Japan-source income, often via withholding.\nResidency and scope\nResidency then sets the wider scope: permanent residents for tax are taxed on worldwide income (all foreign income too), while non-permanent residents add foreign-source income only to the extent it is paid in or remitted to Japan. Treaties can reassign some source-country taxing rights, so a cross-border position should be confirmed against both domestic law and any treaty.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/worldwide-vs-japan-source-income","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"What Japan can tax depends on your residency category and where income arises: work done in Japan is Japan-source even if paid abroad, permanent residents are taxed on worldwide income, and non-permanent residents add foreign income paid in or remitted to Japan.\nEmployment, services, rent, investments, businesses, pensions, and payments made overseas.\nWork performed in Japan is Japan-source income, even if paid overseas.\nPermanent residents (for tax) are taxed on worldwide income.\nNon-residents are taxed only on specified Japan-source income.\nWhere the money is paid does not decide the source.\nWhat is Japan-source\nJapan-source income includes employment or service income for work physically performed in Japan, rent from Japanese property, gains on Japanese assets, and Japanese business income — regardless of where it is paid. A foreign employer paying into an overseas account does not change the source. Non-residents are generally taxed only on such Japan-source income, often via withholding.\nResidency and scope\nResidency then sets the wider scope: permanent residents for tax are taxed on worldwide income (all foreign income too), while non-permanent residents add foreign-source income only to the extent it is paid in or remitted to Japan. Treaties can reassign some source-country taxing rights, so a cross-border position should be confirmed against both domestic law and any treaty.","url":"/en/tax/worldwide-vs-japan-source-income","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan:en","entityId":"guide:foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Foreign income and remittances to Japan","plainText":"If you are a non-permanent resident, foreign-source income becomes taxable in Japan to the extent it is paid in or remitted here — and ordering rules mean a remittance from a mixed account can be treated as bringing over taxable income, so keep careful records.\nNon-permanent-resident rules, foreign-source income, remittance ordering, and mixed accounts.\nNon-permanent residents are taxed on remitted foreign income.\nA remittance from a mixed account can be deemed to carry taxable income.\nDo not assume only money kept abroad is safe.\nKeep records of income sources and remittances.\nThe remittance rule\nA non-permanent resident is taxed on Japan-source income plus foreign-source income that is paid in or remitted to Japan. This is narrower than worldwide taxation but broader than “Japan-only,” and it catches money you bring in. Ordering rules can treat a remittance as first carrying over your foreign income for the year, even if you think of it as moving savings.\nMixed accounts and records\nBecause a remittance from an account holding both income and capital can be attributed to income first, mixing funds makes the analysis harder and can increase what is taxable. Keep foreign income, capital, and remittances documented and, where possible, segregated. This is a classic area for a mistake, so get advice before large remittances.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:worldwide-vs-japan-source-income","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:moving-to-japan-tax-checklist"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"If you are a non-permanent resident, foreign-source income becomes taxable in Japan to the extent it is paid in or remitted here — and ordering rules mean a remittance from a mixed account can be treated as bringing over taxable income, so keep careful records.\nNon-permanent-resident rules, foreign-source income, remittance ordering, and mixed accounts.\nNon-permanent residents are taxed on remitted foreign income.\nA remittance from a mixed account can be deemed to carry taxable income.\nDo not assume only money kept abroad is safe.\nKeep records of income sources and remittances.\nThe remittance rule\nA non-permanent resident is taxed on Japan-source income plus foreign-source income that is paid in or remitted to Japan. This is narrower than worldwide taxation but broader than “Japan-only,” and it catches money you bring in. Ordering rules can treat a remittance as first carrying over your foreign income for the year, even if you think of it as moving savings.\nMixed accounts and records\nBecause a remittance from an account holding both income and capital can be attributed to income first, mixing funds makes the analysis harder and can increase what is taxable. Keep foreign income, capital, and remittances documented and, where possible, segregated. This is a classic area for a mistake, so get advice before large remittances.","url":"/en/tax/foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Foreign tax credit in Japan","plainText":"A Japanese resident can claim a credit for qualifying foreign income taxes to relieve double taxation, but it is capped by a Japanese limitation (not necessarily the whole foreign tax), needs country/income/payment/exchange documentation, and certain unused amounts carry forward three years.\nQualifying foreign taxes, the Japanese limitation, carryforwards, and documents.\nCredits qualifying foreign income taxes against Japanese tax.\nCapped by a Japanese limitation — not always the full foreign tax.\nCertain unused foreign tax / limitation carries forward three years.\nRequires country, income-category, payment, and exchange-rate records.\nHow the credit works\nWhen the same income is taxed both abroad and in Japan, the foreign-tax credit reduces your Japanese tax by the qualifying foreign income tax, up to a Japanese limitation computed from the foreign-income share of your total income. Because of that ceiling, the credit may be less than the full foreign tax; certain unused foreign tax and unused limitation can carry forward three years.\nDocumentation and treaties\nYou need documentation of the country, income category, foreign tax, payment, and exchange rate. A treaty can reduce the foreign withholding in the first place, changing the credit needed, and some foreign taxes are not creditable. Because the calculation and treaty coordination are technical, review significant foreign-tax positions with a professional.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:double-tax-treaties-explained","guide:taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages","guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1240.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"A Japanese resident can claim a credit for qualifying foreign income taxes to relieve double taxation, but it is capped by a Japanese limitation (not necessarily the whole foreign tax), needs country/income/payment/exchange documentation, and certain unused amounts carry forward three years.\nQualifying foreign taxes, the Japanese limitation, carryforwards, and documents.\nCredits qualifying foreign income taxes against Japanese tax.\nCapped by a Japanese limitation — not always the full foreign tax.\nCertain unused foreign tax / limitation carries forward three years.\nRequires country, income-category, payment, and exchange-rate records.\nHow the credit works\nWhen the same income is taxed both abroad and in Japan, the foreign-tax credit reduces your Japanese tax by the qualifying foreign income tax, up to a Japanese limitation computed from the foreign-income share of your total income. Because of that ceiling, the credit may be less than the full foreign tax; certain unused foreign tax and unused limitation can carry forward three years.\nDocumentation and treaties\nYou need documentation of the country, income category, foreign tax, payment, and exchange rate. A treaty can reduce the foreign withholding in the first place, changing the credit needed, and some foreign taxes are not creditable. Because the calculation and treaty coordination are technical, review significant foreign-tax positions with a professional.","url":"/en/tax/foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:double-tax-treaties-explained:en","entityId":"guide:double-tax-treaties-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Double-tax treaties explained","plainText":"A tax treaty between Japan and another country decides which country taxes what: it breaks residence ties, limits source-country taxing rights, and can reduce withholding on dividends, interest, and pensions — but relief is not automatic and needs eligibility, forms, and procedures.\nResidence tie-breakers, source-country rights, withholding relief, and forms.\nTreaties break residence ties when two countries both claim you.\nThey limit source-country taxing rights and withholding rates.\nRelief is not automatic — you file eligibility forms and follow procedures.\nA saving clause can preserve a country’s tax on its own citizens.\nWhat treaties do\nWhen two countries both treat you as resident, the treaty’s tie-breaker (home, center of vital interests, habitual abode, nationality) assigns one residence for treaty purposes. Treaties also cap or remove source-country tax on certain income and reduce withholding on dividends, interest, royalties, and pensions. This prevents or reduces double taxation alongside the foreign-tax credit.\nGetting the relief\nTreaty relief is not automatic: you generally file eligibility forms (for example, to get a reduced withholding rate) and follow procedural conditions. A saving clause in some treaties preserves a country’s right to tax its own citizens despite other provisions. Because treaty interpretation and forms are technical and country-specific, get professional help for a real position.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/double-tax-treaties-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Finance Japan","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/tax_policy/summary/international/tax_convention/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"A tax treaty between Japan and another country decides which country taxes what: it breaks residence ties, limits source-country taxing rights, and can reduce withholding on dividends, interest, and pensions — but relief is not automatic and needs eligibility, forms, and procedures.\nResidence tie-breakers, source-country rights, withholding relief, and forms.\nTreaties break residence ties when two countries both claim you.\nThey limit source-country taxing rights and withholding rates.\nRelief is not automatic — you file eligibility forms and follow procedures.\nA saving clause can preserve a country’s tax on its own citizens.\nWhat treaties do\nWhen two countries both treat you as resident, the treaty’s tie-breaker (home, center of vital interests, habitual abode, nationality) assigns one residence for treaty purposes. Treaties also cap or remove source-country tax on certain income and reduce withholding on dividends, interest, royalties, and pensions. This prevents or reduces double taxation alongside the foreign-tax credit.\nGetting the relief\nTreaty relief is not automatic: you generally file eligibility forms (for example, to get a reduced withholding rate) and follow procedural conditions. A saving clause in some treaties preserves a country’s right to tax its own citizens despite other provisions. Because treaty interpretation and forms are technical and country-specific, get professional help for a real position.","url":"/en/tax/double-tax-treaties-explained","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:moving-to-japan-tax-checklist:en","entityId":"guide:moving-to-japan-tax-checklist","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Moving to Japan tax checklist","plainText":"Before and just after you arrive, record your arrival date and residence facts, capture the cost basis and fair value of your assets, save equity-compensation and remittance records, review treaty and social-security coverage, and plan a professional review before your first year-end.\nArrival date, residence analysis, asset cost basis, equity comp, remittances, and treaties.\nRecord the arrival date and facts that establish residence.\nCapture pre-arrival asset cost basis and fair values.\nSave equity-compensation grant/vesting/exercise records.\nKeep remittance records; review treaty and social-security coverage.\nWhat to preserve\nObtain pre-arrival tax returns and year-end account statements, record the original acquisition cost of securities, crypto, and property, and save grant and vesting records for stock compensation (which can straddle pre- and post-arrival service). Determine the date your Japanese domicile or residence begins, and keep foreign-to-Japan remittance records — remittance-basis treatment for non-permanent residents depends on source and ordering.\nReviews and calendars\nReview treaty and social-security-agreement coverage, establish yen translation methods, review your foreign employer’s payroll obligations, and create a calendar for both Japanese and home-country filings. Do not assume only money transferred to Japan is taxable. Schedule a professional review before the first year-end so your position is right from the start.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/moving-to-japan-tax-checklist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Before and just after you arrive, record your arrival date and residence facts, capture the cost basis and fair value of your assets, save equity-compensation and remittance records, review treaty and social-security coverage, and plan a professional review before your first year-end.\nArrival date, residence analysis, asset cost basis, equity comp, remittances, and treaties.\nRecord the arrival date and facts that establish residence.\nCapture pre-arrival asset cost basis and fair values.\nSave equity-compensation grant/vesting/exercise records.\nKeep remittance records; review treaty and social-security coverage.\nWhat to preserve\nObtain pre-arrival tax returns and year-end account statements, record the original acquisition cost of securities, crypto, and property, and save grant and vesting records for stock compensation (which can straddle pre- and post-arrival service). Determine the date your Japanese domicile or residence begins, and keep foreign-to-Japan remittance records — remittance-basis treatment for non-permanent residents depends on source and ordering.\nReviews and calendars\nReview treaty and social-security-agreement coverage, establish yen translation methods, review your foreign employer’s payroll obligations, and create a calendar for both Japanese and home-country filings. Do not assume only money transferred to Japan is taxable. Schedule a professional review before the first year-end so your position is right from the start.","url":"/en/tax/moving-to-japan-tax-checklist","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist:en","entityId":"guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Leaving Japan tax checklist","plainText":"Before leaving Japan, determine whether your tax residence ends, complete the departure-year return (or appoint a tax agent to file later), settle national and estimated tax, arrange resident-tax payment, test exit-tax exposure, and review a pension lump-sum withdrawal.\nDeparture-year filing, resident tax, tax representative, estimated tax, and exit tax.\nComplete the departure-year return, or appoint a tax agent to file later.\nResident tax does not end at departure — arrange payment.\nAppoint a tax representative (納税管理人) for post-departure procedures.\nTest exit-tax exposure and review a pension lump-sum withdrawal.\nFiling and payment\nDetermine your departure date for tax purposes and whether residence ends. The NTA instructs departing taxpayers to file before leaving when no tax agent is appointed; appointing a tax agent (納税管理人) lets returns, refunds, and notices be handled from abroad afterward. Settle national income tax and any estimated tax, and arrange resident-tax payment with your municipality, since resident tax on the prior year survives departure.\nExit tax and pension\nTest exit-tax exposure — Japan’s regime can apply where specified financial assets total at least ¥100M and residence-history conditions are met. Preserve Japanese bank and My Number access long enough to complete procedures, review a pension lump-sum withdrawal versus future pension rights, and notify your software, accountant, broker, bank, and insurer of the address change.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/leaving-japan-tax-checklist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:tax-representative-guide","guide:japan-exit-tax-guide","guide:pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1923.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/12004.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Before leaving Japan, determine whether your tax residence ends, complete the departure-year return (or appoint a tax agent to file later), settle national and estimated tax, arrange resident-tax payment, test exit-tax exposure, and review a pension lump-sum withdrawal.\nDeparture-year filing, resident tax, tax representative, estimated tax, and exit tax.\nComplete the departure-year return, or appoint a tax agent to file later.\nResident tax does not end at departure — arrange payment.\nAppoint a tax representative (納税管理人) for post-departure procedures.\nTest exit-tax exposure and review a pension lump-sum withdrawal.\nFiling and payment\nDetermine your departure date for tax purposes and whether residence ends. The NTA instructs departing taxpayers to file before leaving when no tax agent is appointed; appointing a tax agent (納税管理人) lets returns, refunds, and notices be handled from abroad afterward. Settle national income tax and any estimated tax, and arrange resident-tax payment with your municipality, since resident tax on the prior year survives departure.\nExit tax and pension\nTest exit-tax exposure — Japan’s regime can apply where specified financial assets total at least ¥100M and residence-history conditions are met. Preserve Japanese bank and My Number access long enough to complete procedures, review a pension lump-sum withdrawal versus future pension rights, and notify your software, accountant, broker, bank, and insurer of the address change.","url":"/en/tax/leaving-japan-tax-checklist","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:tax-representative-guide:en","entityId":"guide:tax-representative-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Tax representative guide","plainText":"A tax agent (納税管理人) is a person in Japan you appoint by notification to receive notices and handle your returns, refunds, and payments after you leave — needed whenever Japanese tax procedures will arise once you are abroad.\nWhen one is needed, the appointment procedure, responsibilities, and post-departure payments.\nAppointed by filing a notification with the tax office.\nReceives notices and handles returns, refunds, and payments.\nNeeded when tax procedures continue after you leave Japan.\nLets you avoid having to file everything before departure.\nWhen you need one\nIf, after you leave Japan, there will be returns to file, refunds to receive, notices to answer, or tax to pay — for example ongoing rental income, a delayed refund, or a departure-year return you cannot finish in time — you appoint a tax agent so those procedures can continue from within Japan. Without one, the NTA expects you to file before leaving.\nAppointing and responsibilities\nYou appoint a tax agent by filing a notification with your tax office, naming a person (or firm) in Japan. They receive your tax mail and can file returns, claim refunds, and pay tax on your behalf, but you remain the taxpayer. Choose someone reliable and reachable; for complex affairs, a licensed tax accountant is a natural choice.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/tax-representative-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","guide:nonresident-landlord-taxes","guide:japan-exit-tax-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/12004.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"A tax agent (納税管理人) is a person in Japan you appoint by notification to receive notices and handle your returns, refunds, and payments after you leave — needed whenever Japanese tax procedures will arise once you are abroad.\nWhen one is needed, the appointment procedure, responsibilities, and post-departure payments.\nAppointed by filing a notification with the tax office.\nReceives notices and handles returns, refunds, and payments.\nNeeded when tax procedures continue after you leave Japan.\nLets you avoid having to file everything before departure.\nWhen you need one\nIf, after you leave Japan, there will be returns to file, refunds to receive, notices to answer, or tax to pay — for example ongoing rental income, a delayed refund, or a departure-year return you cannot finish in time — you appoint a tax agent so those procedures can continue from within Japan. Without one, the NTA expects you to file before leaving.\nAppointing and responsibilities\nYou appoint a tax agent by filing a notification with your tax office, naming a person (or firm) in Japan. They receive your tax mail and can file returns, claim refunds, and pay tax on your behalf, but you remain the taxpayer. Choose someone reliable and reachable; for complex affairs, a licensed tax accountant is a natural choice.","url":"/en/tax/tax-representative-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-exit-tax-guide:en","entityId":"guide:japan-exit-tax-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan exit tax guide","plainText":"Japan’s exit tax can tax unrealized gains on specified financial assets as if sold when you leave, if those assets total at least ¥100M and you meet residence-history conditions — deferral is possible for up to five (potentially ten) years with a tax representative and security.\nSpecified assets, the ¥100M review threshold, deemed disposal, deferral, and deadlines.\nApplies to specified financial assets (e.g., securities), not everything.\nReview threshold: specified assets totaling at least ¥100M.\nResidence-history conditions must also be met.\nDeferral possible (≈5, up to 10 years) with a representative and security.\nWhat it taxes\nThe exit-tax regime treats certain financial assets (such as securities and some derivatives) as deemed-sold at departure, taxing the unrealized gain. It applies where those specified assets total at least ¥100M and you meet residence-history conditions (broadly, having been a resident for enough of the recent period). Nationality alone is not the test — foreign nationals can be caught.\nDeferral and deadlines\nBecause taxing unrealized gains at departure is harsh, deferral is available — ordinarily for five years and potentially ten — if you appoint a tax representative and provide security. There are filing deadlines around departure, and later actual sale or return can adjust the result. This is a mandatory professional-review area before surrendering residence.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-exit-tax-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","guide:tax-representative-guide","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/kokugai-zaisan.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Japan’s exit tax can tax unrealized gains on specified financial assets as if sold when you leave, if those assets total at least ¥100M and you meet residence-history conditions — deferral is possible for up to five (potentially ten) years with a tax representative and security.\nSpecified assets, the ¥100M review threshold, deemed disposal, deferral, and deadlines.\nApplies to specified financial assets (e.g., securities), not everything.\nReview threshold: specified assets totaling at least ¥100M.\nResidence-history conditions must also be met.\nDeferral possible (≈5, up to 10 years) with a representative and security.\nWhat it taxes\nThe exit-tax regime treats certain financial assets (such as securities and some derivatives) as deemed-sold at departure, taxing the unrealized gain. It applies where those specified assets total at least ¥100M and you meet residence-history conditions (broadly, having been a resident for enough of the recent period). Nationality alone is not the test — foreign nationals can be caught.\nDeferral and deadlines\nBecause taxing unrealized gains at departure is harsh, deferral is available — ordinarily for five years and potentially ten — if you appoint a tax representative and provide security. There are filing deadlines around departure, and later actual sale or return can adjust the result. This is a mandatory professional-review area before surrendering residence.","url":"/en/tax/japan-exit-tax-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax:en","entityId":"guide:pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Pension lump-sum withdrawal tax","plainText":"A departing foreign worker can claim a lump-sum pension withdrawal; employee-pension lump sums generally have 20.42% Japanese withholding, but a refund of much of it can often be claimed through a Japanese tax agent by applying retirement-income treatment.\nEligibility, employee-pension withholding, the tax-agent refund, and treaty considerations.\nDeparting foreign workers may claim a lump-sum pension withdrawal.\nEmployee-pension lump sums generally have 20.42% withholding.\nA tax-agent refund can apply retirement-income treatment.\nWeigh the withdrawal against future pension rights and totalization.\nClaiming and the refund\nEligible departing foreign workers can apply for a lump-sum withdrawal payment of pension contributions. Employee-pension (厚生年金) lump sums are generally subject to 20.42% Japanese withholding at payment. However, by appointing a Japanese tax agent and filing to apply retirement-income treatment (with its deduction and one-half rule), a large part of that withholding can often be refunded.\nWeigh it carefully\nA lump-sum withdrawal ends the related Japanese pension rights, so weigh the cash now against future pension entitlement, and check any social-security (totalization) agreement between Japan and your country — coverage periods may be combinable so you keep rights instead of cashing out. Review before claiming.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","guide:tax-representative-guide","guide:retirement-income-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/withdrawalpayment/payment.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1420.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"A departing foreign worker can claim a lump-sum pension withdrawal; employee-pension lump sums generally have 20.42% Japanese withholding, but a refund of much of it can often be claimed through a Japanese tax agent by applying retirement-income treatment.\nEligibility, employee-pension withholding, the tax-agent refund, and treaty considerations.\nDeparting foreign workers may claim a lump-sum pension withdrawal.\nEmployee-pension lump sums generally have 20.42% withholding.\nA tax-agent refund can apply retirement-income treatment.\nWeigh the withdrawal against future pension rights and totalization.\nClaiming and the refund\nEligible departing foreign workers can apply for a lump-sum withdrawal payment of pension contributions. Employee-pension (厚生年金) lump sums are generally subject to 20.42% Japanese withholding at payment. However, by appointing a Japanese tax agent and filing to apply retirement-income treatment (with its deduction and one-half rule), a large part of that withholding can often be refunded.\nWeigh it carefully\nA lump-sum withdrawal ends the related Japanese pension rights, so weigh the cash now against future pension entitlement, and check any social-security (totalization) agreement between Japan and your country — coverage periods may be combinable so you keep rights instead of cashing out. Review before claiming.","url":"/en/tax/pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes for digital nomads in Japan","plainText":"For a digital nomad, Japanese tax turns on tax residence and where you work, not your visa name: if you become a tax resident or perform work in Japan, that income can be Japan-taxable even from foreign clients — and there can be permanent-establishment and treaty issues.\nTax residence, work location, foreign employer/clients, visa distinction, and PE warnings.\nTax residence and work location — not the visa — drive taxation.\nWork performed in Japan is Japan-source, even for foreign clients.\nBecoming a tax resident can bring broader taxation.\nPermanent-establishment and treaty questions can arise.\nResidence and work location\nA nomad’s visa or “nomad” label does not decide tax. If facts establish a Japanese domicile or you stay long enough to become resident, Japan’s wider taxing rules apply; even as a non-resident, work physically performed in Japan is Japan-source and can be taxable. So both how long you stay and where you actually work matter.\nEmployer and treaty risks\nWorking in Japan for a foreign employer or clients can create a permanent-establishment question for the business and payroll/withholding gaps for you, and a treaty may change source-country taxing rights and residence. Because the “digital nomad” category does not exempt you from these rules, confirm your position with a professional before assuming Japan cannot tax you.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"For a digital nomad, Japanese tax turns on tax residence and where you work, not your visa name: if you become a tax resident or perform work in Japan, that income can be Japan-taxable even from foreign clients — and there can be permanent-establishment and treaty issues.\nTax residence, work location, foreign employer/clients, visa distinction, and PE warnings.\nTax residence and work location — not the visa — drive taxation.\nWork performed in Japan is Japan-source, even for foreign clients.\nBecoming a tax resident can bring broader taxation.\nPermanent-establishment and treaty questions can arise.\nResidence and work location\nA nomad’s visa or “nomad” label does not decide tax. If facts establish a Japanese domicile or you stay long enough to become resident, Japan’s wider taxing rules apply; even as a non-resident, work physically performed in Japan is Japan-source and can be taxable. So both how long you stay and where you actually work matter.\nEmployer and treaty risks\nWorking in Japan for a foreign employer or clients can create a permanent-establishment question for the business and payroll/withholding gaps for you, and a treaty may change source-country taxing rights and residence. Because the “digital nomad” category does not exempt you from these rules, confirm your position with a professional before assuming Japan cannot tax you.","url":"/en/tax/taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes for US citizens living in Japan","plainText":"The US taxes its citizens and green-card holders on worldwide income even while they live in Japan, so you generally file in both countries; the foreign tax credit and foreign earned income exclusion reduce double taxation, and Japanese accounts and funds can trigger extra US reporting.\nDual filing, worldwide income, credits, exclusions, treaties, accounts, and investments.\nUS citizenship-based taxation means filing in both countries.\nPaying Japanese tax does not remove US filing.\nThe FTC and FEIE reduce double tax but must be claimed on a US return.\nJapanese accounts and funds can trigger FBAR, FATCA, and PFIC issues.\nDual filing reality\nJapan taxes you as a resident, but the US continues to tax its citizens and green-card holders on worldwide income wherever they live. So you generally file a Japanese return and a US return each year. The foreign tax credit and the foreign earned income exclusion can reduce or remove US tax on income already taxed in Japan, but they do not remove the filing obligation and do not always produce the same result.\nAccounts, funds, and help\nJapanese bank accounts, NISA holdings, mutual funds, pensions, and insurance can create complex US classifications — FBAR and FATCA reporting, and possible PFIC treatment of Japanese funds — that ordinary Japanese tax software does not handle. Use a Japan-licensed tax accountant together with a US CPA, enrolled agent, or attorney experienced in Japan-US cases.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion","guide:fbar-for-americans-in-japan","guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/us-citizens-and-resident-aliens-abroad","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Finance Japan","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/tax_policy/summary/international/tax_convention/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"The US taxes its citizens and green-card holders on worldwide income even while they live in Japan, so you generally file in both countries; the foreign tax credit and foreign earned income exclusion reduce double taxation, and Japanese accounts and funds can trigger extra US reporting.\nDual filing, worldwide income, credits, exclusions, treaties, accounts, and investments.\nUS citizenship-based taxation means filing in both countries.\nPaying Japanese tax does not remove US filing.\nThe FTC and FEIE reduce double tax but must be claimed on a US return.\nJapanese accounts and funds can trigger FBAR, FATCA, and PFIC issues.\nDual filing reality\nJapan taxes you as a resident, but the US continues to tax its citizens and green-card holders on worldwide income wherever they live. So you generally file a Japanese return and a US return each year. The foreign tax credit and the foreign earned income exclusion can reduce or remove US tax on income already taxed in Japan, but they do not remove the filing obligation and do not always produce the same result.\nAccounts, funds, and help\nJapanese bank accounts, NISA holdings, mutual funds, pensions, and insurance can create complex US classifications — FBAR and FATCA reporting, and possible PFIC treatment of Japanese funds — that ordinary Japanese tax software does not handle. Use a Japan-licensed tax accountant together with a US CPA, enrolled agent, or attorney experienced in Japan-US cases.","url":"/en/tax/taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion:en","entityId":"guide:foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Foreign Tax Credit vs Foreign Earned Income Exclusion","plainText":"On your US return, the Foreign Tax Credit offsets US tax with foreign income tax paid, while the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion excludes a capped amount of earned income; which is better — or how to combine them — depends on your income mix and Japanese tax, and should be modeled professionally.\nGeneral interaction, earned vs passive income, Japanese tax credits, and carryovers.\nFTC: credits foreign income tax against US tax (good when foreign tax is high).\nFEIE: excludes a capped amount of earned income (not passive income).\nThey interact and cannot double-benefit the same income.\nJapanese tax is generally high enough that the FTC often helps — but model it.\nHow each works\nThe Foreign Tax Credit reduces US tax dollar-for-dollar by qualifying foreign income tax you paid, and unused credit can carry over. The Foreign Earned Income Exclusion instead excludes a limited amount of foreign earned income (wages/self-employment), but not passive income like dividends and capital gains. Because Japanese income tax is often substantial, many US filers in Japan rely on the FTC.\nChoosing and combining\nThey interact: you cannot exclude income under FEIE and also credit the foreign tax on that same income. The right mix depends on your earned vs passive income, your Japanese tax paid, and factors like the child tax credit. Electing FEIE and later revoking it has consequences. This is a classic model-it-first decision for a US-Japan professional.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/foreign-tax-credit","official":true},{"publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/foreign-earned-income-exclusion","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"On your US return, the Foreign Tax Credit offsets US tax with foreign income tax paid, while the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion excludes a capped amount of earned income; which is better — or how to combine them — depends on your income mix and Japanese tax, and should be modeled professionally.\nGeneral interaction, earned vs passive income, Japanese tax credits, and carryovers.\nFTC: credits foreign income tax against US tax (good when foreign tax is high).\nFEIE: excludes a capped amount of earned income (not passive income).\nThey interact and cannot double-benefit the same income.\nJapanese tax is generally high enough that the FTC often helps — but model it.\nHow each works\nThe Foreign Tax Credit reduces US tax dollar-for-dollar by qualifying foreign income tax you paid, and unused credit can carry over. The Foreign Earned Income Exclusion instead excludes a limited amount of foreign earned income (wages/self-employment), but not passive income like dividends and capital gains. Because Japanese income tax is often substantial, many US filers in Japan rely on the FTC.\nChoosing and combining\nThey interact: you cannot exclude income under FEIE and also credit the foreign tax on that same income. The right mix depends on your earned vs passive income, your Japanese tax paid, and factors like the child tax credit. Electing FEIE and later revoking it has consequences. This is a classic model-it-first decision for a US-Japan professional.","url":"/en/tax/foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fbar-for-americans-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:fbar-for-americans-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"FBAR for Americans in Japan","plainText":"FBAR is a US report of your foreign financial accounts (not an income-tax return) required when their aggregate value exceeds the threshold at any point in the year; it is due April 15 with an automatic extension to October 15, and it covers ordinary Japanese bank and brokerage accounts.\nCovered accounts, aggregate thresholds, filing date, and common Japanese accounts.\nFBAR reports foreign accounts; it is not an income-tax return.\nRequired when aggregate foreign accounts exceed the threshold.\nDue April 15, automatic extension to October 15.\nCovers ordinary Japanese bank and brokerage accounts.\nWhat FBAR is\nThe FBAR (FinCEN Form 114) is a separate US filing that discloses your foreign financial accounts when their combined value exceeds the reporting threshold at any time during the year. It is informational — not an income-tax return — but penalties for not filing can be significant. Ordinary Japanese accounts (megabank, online bank, brokerage) count toward the aggregate.\nTiming and records\nFBAR is due April 15 with an automatic extension to October 15, and it is filed electronically with FinCEN, separately from your IRS return (though FATCA Form 8938 may also apply on the return itself). Keep records of each account’s highest balance and details. Because thresholds and penalties are significant, confirm your obligations with a US professional.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/fbar-for-americans-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk","guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/report-of-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts-fbar","official":true},{"publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations/foreign-account-tax-compliance-act-fatca","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"FBAR is a US report of your foreign financial accounts (not an income-tax return) required when their aggregate value exceeds the threshold at any point in the year; it is due April 15 with an automatic extension to October 15, and it covers ordinary Japanese bank and brokerage accounts.\nCovered accounts, aggregate thresholds, filing date, and common Japanese accounts.\nFBAR reports foreign accounts; it is not an income-tax return.\nRequired when aggregate foreign accounts exceed the threshold.\nDue April 15, automatic extension to October 15.\nCovers ordinary Japanese bank and brokerage accounts.\nWhat FBAR is\nThe FBAR (FinCEN Form 114) is a separate US filing that discloses your foreign financial accounts when their combined value exceeds the reporting threshold at any time during the year. It is informational — not an income-tax return — but penalties for not filing can be significant. Ordinary Japanese accounts (megabank, online bank, brokerage) count toward the aggregate.\nTiming and records\nFBAR is due April 15 with an automatic extension to October 15, and it is filed electronically with FinCEN, separately from your IRS return (though FATCA Form 8938 may also apply on the return itself). Keep records of each account’s highest balance and details. Because thresholds and penalties are significant, confirm your obligations with a US professional.","url":"/en/tax/fbar-for-americans-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide:en","entityId":"guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan-US tax treaty guide","plainText":"The US-Japan tax treaty allocates taxing rights and reduces withholding on cross-border dividends, interest, and pensions, but its saving clause generally preserves US taxation of US citizens — so the treaty helps with double taxation without freeing Americans from US filing.\nThe saving clause, residence, employment, pensions, dividends, and relief procedures.\nThe treaty allocates taxing rights and cuts some withholding rates.\nThe saving clause preserves US tax on US citizens (with exceptions).\nIt addresses residence, employment, pensions, dividends, and interest.\nRelief needs eligibility forms and procedures.\nWhat the treaty does\nThe treaty sets residence tie-breakers and rules for employment income, pensions, dividends, interest, and more, and it reduces certain withholding rates. This coordinates with the foreign tax credit to prevent double taxation. But the saving clause lets the US continue taxing its citizens as if parts of the treaty did not apply, subject to specific carve-outs.\nUsing it in practice\nTo claim treaty benefits (such as reduced withholding), you generally file eligibility forms and meet procedural conditions, and interpreting how the saving clause and its exceptions apply to a specific item (like pensions) is technical. Because a wrong treaty position affects both countries, review significant positions with a professional experienced in Japan-US cases.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:double-tax-treaties-explained","guide:foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Finance Japan","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/tax_policy/summary/international/tax_convention/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/us-citizens-and-resident-aliens-abroad","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"The US-Japan tax treaty allocates taxing rights and reduces withholding on cross-border dividends, interest, and pensions, but its saving clause generally preserves US taxation of US citizens — so the treaty helps with double taxation without freeing Americans from US filing.\nThe saving clause, residence, employment, pensions, dividends, and relief procedures.\nThe treaty allocates taxing rights and cuts some withholding rates.\nThe saving clause preserves US tax on US citizens (with exceptions).\nIt addresses residence, employment, pensions, dividends, and interest.\nRelief needs eligibility forms and procedures.\nWhat the treaty does\nThe treaty sets residence tie-breakers and rules for employment income, pensions, dividends, interest, and more, and it reduces certain withholding rates. This coordinates with the foreign tax credit to prevent double taxation. But the saving clause lets the US continue taxing its citizens as if parts of the treaty did not apply, subject to specific carve-outs.\nUsing it in practice\nTo claim treaty benefits (such as reduced withholding), you generally file eligibility forms and meet procedural conditions, and interpreting how the saving clause and its exceptions apply to a specific item (like pensions) is technical. Because a wrong treaty position affects both countries, review significant positions with a professional experienced in Japan-US cases.","url":"/en/tax/japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA, Japanese funds, and PFIC risk","plainText":"NISA and Japanese mutual funds are tax-advantaged in Japan, but the US does not recognize that shelter for US taxpayers, and Japanese pooled funds can be treated as PFICs — a punitive, paperwork-heavy US regime — so US persons should get specialist advice before investing.\nJapanese tax treatment, lack of automatic US exemption, and fund-classification risk.\nNISA’s tax-free status is a Japanese benefit, not a US one.\nJapanese mutual funds/ETFs can be PFICs for US taxpayers.\nPFIC treatment is punitive and paperwork-heavy (Form 8621).\nUS persons should get specialist advice before buying Japanese funds.\nThe US-Japan mismatch\nIn Japan, NISA shelters eligible gains and distributions, and mutual funds are ordinary investments. For US taxpayers, none of that carries over automatically: the US taxes worldwide income and does not recognize NISA’s shelter. Worse, a Japanese pooled fund is often a Passive Foreign Investment Company (PFIC) under US rules.\nWhy PFIC matters\nPFIC treatment can impose punitive tax and interest on distributions and gains, and requires detailed annual reporting (Form 8621). This makes many Japanese funds and even some NISA holdings costly and complex for US persons. Before investing, a US taxpayer should consult a US CPA, enrolled agent, or attorney experienced in PFIC and Japan cases.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:fbar-for-americans-in-japan","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/us-citizens-and-resident-aliens-abroad","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"NISA and Japanese mutual funds are tax-advantaged in Japan, but the US does not recognize that shelter for US taxpayers, and Japanese pooled funds can be treated as PFICs — a punitive, paperwork-heavy US regime — so US persons should get specialist advice before investing.\nJapanese tax treatment, lack of automatic US exemption, and fund-classification risk.\nNISA’s tax-free status is a Japanese benefit, not a US one.\nJapanese mutual funds/ETFs can be PFICs for US taxpayers.\nPFIC treatment is punitive and paperwork-heavy (Form 8621).\nUS persons should get specialist advice before buying Japanese funds.\nThe US-Japan mismatch\nIn Japan, NISA shelters eligible gains and distributions, and mutual funds are ordinary investments. For US taxpayers, none of that carries over automatically: the US taxes worldwide income and does not recognize NISA’s shelter. Worse, a Japanese pooled fund is often a Passive Foreign Investment Company (PFIC) under US rules.\nWhy PFIC matters\nPFIC treatment can impose punitive tax and interest on distributions and gains, and requires detailed annual reporting (Form 8621). This makes many Japanese funds and even some NISA holdings costly and complex for US persons. Before investing, a US taxpayer should consult a US CPA, enrolled agent, or attorney experienced in PFIC and Japan cases.","url":"/en/tax/nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:gift-tax-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:gift-tax-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Gift tax in Japan","plainText":"Gift tax is paid by the recipient on gifts received in a calendar year above a ¥1.1M annual basic exemption (across all donors, not per donor), at progressive rates reaching 55%, with a return due about February 1–March 15 of the following year.\nThe annual exemption, progressive rates, the recipient’s liability, and filing.\nThe recipient pays; the ¥1.1M exemption is per recipient per year, across all donors.\nRates are progressive up to 55%.\nDifferent tables apply to gifts from direct ancestors to adult descendants.\nA return is due about February 1–March 15 of the following year.\nThe annual exemption\nUnder calendar-year (暦年) gift taxation, a recipient can receive up to ¥1.1M of gifts tax-free per year. Crucially, this exemption is per recipient across all donors combined, not a fresh ¥1.1M for each person giving to you. Gifts above the exemption are taxed at progressive rates reaching 55%, with a separate, gentler table for qualifying gifts from direct ancestors to adult descendants.\nFiling and records\nThe recipient files a gift-tax return about February 1–March 15 of the following year when gifts exceed the exemption. Foreign gifts, gifts between family, and settlement-type (相続時精算課税) elections have their own rules, and valuation matters. Keep records of donor, date, amount, and valuation, and get advice for large or cross-border gifts.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/gift-tax-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan","guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/zoyo/4402.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Gift tax is paid by the recipient on gifts received in a calendar year above a ¥1.1M annual basic exemption (across all donors, not per donor), at progressive rates reaching 55%, with a return due about February 1–March 15 of the following year.\nThe annual exemption, progressive rates, the recipient’s liability, and filing.\nThe recipient pays; the ¥1.1M exemption is per recipient per year, across all donors.\nRates are progressive up to 55%.\nDifferent tables apply to gifts from direct ancestors to adult descendants.\nA return is due about February 1–March 15 of the following year.\nThe annual exemption\nUnder calendar-year (暦年) gift taxation, a recipient can receive up to ¥1.1M of gifts tax-free per year. Crucially, this exemption is per recipient across all donors combined, not a fresh ¥1.1M for each person giving to you. Gifts above the exemption are taxed at progressive rates reaching 55%, with a separate, gentler table for qualifying gifts from direct ancestors to adult descendants.\nFiling and records\nThe recipient files a gift-tax return about February 1–March 15 of the following year when gifts exceed the exemption. Foreign gifts, gifts between family, and settlement-type (相続時精算課税) elections have their own rules, and valuation matters. Keep records of donor, date, amount, and valuation, and get advice for large or cross-border gifts.","url":"/en/tax/gift-tax-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Inheritance tax in Japan","plainText":"Inheritance tax applies to an estate above the basic exemption of ¥30M + ¥6M per statutory heir, with the return and payment generally due within ten months of learning of the death — and valuation, spouse relief, insurance exclusions, and small-residential-land relief can materially change the result.\nThe basic exemption, statutory heirs, the ten-month deadline, valuation, and reliefs.\nBasic exemption: ¥30M + ¥6M × number of statutory heirs.\nReturn and payment generally due within ten months.\nSpouse relief, insurance exclusions, and small-land relief can reduce tax.\nValuation, prior gifts, trusts, and foreign estates complicate it.\nThe basic exemption and deadline\nInheritance tax is charged on the taxable estate exceeding the basic exemption, which is ¥30M plus ¥6M times the number of statutory heirs — so a family with more statutory heirs has a higher exemption. An inheritance-tax return and payment are generally due within ten months after the heir learns of the death (usually measured from the day after death).\nReliefs and complications\nThe outcome can change materially with valuation methods, the spouse tax credit, life-insurance exclusions, small-residential-land relief, trusts, prior gifts brought back in, foreign estates, and generation-skipping. Real property and unlisted shares need careful valuation. Because the ten-month clock is short and the rules intricate, involve a tax accountant early.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/inheritance-tax-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:gift-tax-in-japan","guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","guide:inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/sozoku/4152.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Inheritance tax applies to an estate above the basic exemption of ¥30M + ¥6M per statutory heir, with the return and payment generally due within ten months of learning of the death — and valuation, spouse relief, insurance exclusions, and small-residential-land relief can materially change the result.\nThe basic exemption, statutory heirs, the ten-month deadline, valuation, and reliefs.\nBasic exemption: ¥30M + ¥6M × number of statutory heirs.\nReturn and payment generally due within ten months.\nSpouse relief, insurance exclusions, and small-land relief can reduce tax.\nValuation, prior gifts, trusts, and foreign estates complicate it.\nThe basic exemption and deadline\nInheritance tax is charged on the taxable estate exceeding the basic exemption, which is ¥30M plus ¥6M times the number of statutory heirs — so a family with more statutory heirs has a higher exemption. An inheritance-tax return and payment are generally due within ten months after the heir learns of the death (usually measured from the day after death).\nReliefs and complications\nThe outcome can change materially with valuation methods, the spouse tax credit, life-insurance exclusions, small-residential-land relief, trusts, prior gifts brought back in, foreign estates, and generation-skipping. Real property and unlisted shares need careful valuation. Because the ten-month clock is short and the rules intricate, involve a tax accountant early.","url":"/en/tax/inheritance-tax-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax:en","entityId":"guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Gift tax vs inheritance tax","plainText":"Gift tax applies to transfers during life (¥1.1M annual exemption per recipient) while inheritance tax applies at death (¥30M + ¥6M per heir exemption); the two are coordinated — recent gifts can be pulled back into the estate — so lifetime gifting to reduce inheritance tax needs careful planning.\nTiming, exemptions, valuation, rates, and why planning requires advice.\nGift tax = lifetime transfers; inheritance tax = transfers at death.\nDifferent exemptions and rate structures.\nRecent gifts can be added back to the taxable estate.\nA settlement-type election links lifetime gifts to the estate.\nHow they compare\nGift tax targets transfers you make while alive, with a ¥1.1M annual per-recipient exemption and rates to 55%; inheritance tax targets what passes at death, with a ¥30M + ¥6M-per-heir exemption. People sometimes gift during life to reduce the eventual estate, but the systems are coordinated so this cannot simply bypass inheritance tax.\nWhy planning needs advice\nGifts made within a look-back period before death can be brought back into the taxable estate, and a settlement-type (相続時精算課税) election deliberately links lifetime gifts to the eventual inheritance calculation. Valuation, timing, and family circumstances all interact. Because a well-meant gifting plan can backfire, model it with a tax accountant.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:gift-tax-in-japan","guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan","guide:inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/zoyo/4402.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/sozoku/4152.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Gift tax applies to transfers during life (¥1.1M annual exemption per recipient) while inheritance tax applies at death (¥30M + ¥6M per heir exemption); the two are coordinated — recent gifts can be pulled back into the estate — so lifetime gifting to reduce inheritance tax needs careful planning.\nTiming, exemptions, valuation, rates, and why planning requires advice.\nGift tax = lifetime transfers; inheritance tax = transfers at death.\nDifferent exemptions and rate structures.\nRecent gifts can be added back to the taxable estate.\nA settlement-type election links lifetime gifts to the estate.\nHow they compare\nGift tax targets transfers you make while alive, with a ¥1.1M annual per-recipient exemption and rates to 55%; inheritance tax targets what passes at death, with a ¥30M + ¥6M-per-heir exemption. People sometimes gift during life to reduce the eventual estate, but the systems are coordinated so this cannot simply bypass inheritance tax.\nWhy planning needs advice\nGifts made within a look-back period before death can be brought back into the taxable estate, and a settlement-type (相続時精算課税) election deliberately links lifetime gifts to the eventual inheritance calculation. Valuation, timing, and family circumstances all interact. Because a well-meant gifting plan can backfire, model it with a tax accountant.","url":"/en/tax/gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents:en","entityId":"guide:inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Inheritance tax for foreign residents and nonresident heirs","plainText":"For foreigners, whether Japanese inheritance or gift tax covers worldwide assets or only Japan-located assets depends on the domicile, nationality, and status of the deceased and the heir — a fact-heavy, penalty-sensitive area that warrants professional review.\nDomicile and asset-location issues, foreign estates, treaties, and escalation.\nScope (worldwide vs Japan-located) depends on domicile, nationality, and status.\nBoth the deceased’s and the heir’s situation matter.\nForeign estates, translations, and valuations add complexity.\nThis is a mandatory professional-review area.\nWhose assets, where\nJapanese inheritance and gift tax can reach worldwide assets or only Japan-located assets depending on categories tied to the domicile, nationality, and residence history of both the deceased/donor and the heir/recipient. Recent years have seen rule changes aimed at temporary foreign workers, so the exact scope for a given family is fact-specific and not intuitive.\nGet help early\nForeign estates require valuations, translations, and coordination with the other country’s rules, and any treaty must be checked. Mistakes are penalty-sensitive and the ten-month deadline is short. If a foreign resident or nonresident heir is involved, obtain professional review early — this is not a do-it-yourself area.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan","guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/sozoku/4152.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"For foreigners, whether Japanese inheritance or gift tax covers worldwide assets or only Japan-located assets depends on the domicile, nationality, and status of the deceased and the heir — a fact-heavy, penalty-sensitive area that warrants professional review.\nDomicile and asset-location issues, foreign estates, treaties, and escalation.\nScope (worldwide vs Japan-located) depends on domicile, nationality, and status.\nBoth the deceased’s and the heir’s situation matter.\nForeign estates, translations, and valuations add complexity.\nThis is a mandatory professional-review area.\nWhose assets, where\nJapanese inheritance and gift tax can reach worldwide assets or only Japan-located assets depending on categories tied to the domicile, nationality, and residence history of both the deceased/donor and the heir/recipient. Recent years have seen rule changes aimed at temporary foreign workers, so the exact scope for a given family is fact-specific and not intuitive.\nGet help early\nForeign estates require valuations, translations, and coordination with the other country’s rules, and any treaty must be checked. Mistakes are penalty-sensitive and the ten-month deadline is short. If a foreign resident or nonresident heir is involved, obtain professional review early — this is not a do-it-yourself area.","url":"/en/tax/inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:automobile-taxes-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:automobile-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Automobile taxes in Japan","plainText":"Owning a car brings an annual automobile tax (billed each spring to the owner as of April 1), plus environmental-performance and weight taxes at purchase and inspection — with amounts varying by engine size, weight, and environmental classification.\nOwnership, acquisition, weight, inspection, environmental classification, and notices.\nAnnual automobile tax, billed to the April-1 owner.\nEnvironmental-performance tax at acquisition.\nWeight tax at purchase and at inspection (車検).\nAmounts vary by engine size, weight, and environmental class.\nAnnual and purchase taxes\nThe annual automobile tax (種別割) is billed each spring to whoever owns the vehicle on April 1, with the amount set by engine size (and a lighter kei-car regime). At purchase you pay an environmental-performance tax based on fuel efficiency and emissions, and automobile weight tax is charged at purchase and again at each shaken (inspection).\nClassification and local rules\nEnvironmental classification (eco-friendly vehicles) can reduce some of these taxes, and kei cars are administered locally with lower amounts. Rates and green-car reductions change, and administration is split between national and local bodies. Check current amounts for your vehicle class and municipality.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/automobile-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:stamp-tax-in-japan","guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/kazei/car.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Owning a car brings an annual automobile tax (billed each spring to the owner as of April 1), plus environmental-performance and weight taxes at purchase and inspection — with amounts varying by engine size, weight, and environmental classification.\nOwnership, acquisition, weight, inspection, environmental classification, and notices.\nAnnual automobile tax, billed to the April-1 owner.\nEnvironmental-performance tax at acquisition.\nWeight tax at purchase and at inspection (車検).\nAmounts vary by engine size, weight, and environmental class.\nAnnual and purchase taxes\nThe annual automobile tax (種別割) is billed each spring to whoever owns the vehicle on April 1, with the amount set by engine size (and a lighter kei-car regime). At purchase you pay an environmental-performance tax based on fuel efficiency and emissions, and automobile weight tax is charged at purchase and again at each shaken (inspection).\nClassification and local rules\nEnvironmental classification (eco-friendly vehicles) can reduce some of these taxes, and kei cars are administered locally with lower amounts. Rates and green-car reductions change, and administration is split between national and local bodies. Check current amounts for your vehicle class and municipality.","url":"/en/tax/automobile-taxes-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:stamp-tax-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:stamp-tax-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Stamp tax in Japan","plainText":"Stamp tax is a tax on creating specified paper documents — such as real-estate and construction contracts, loan instruments, and large receipts — based on the document’s stated amount; purely electronic documents are generally outside the tax because no taxable paper is created.\nTaxable paper documents, contract categories, stated amounts, and electronic documents.\nCharged on creating specified paper documents.\nThe amount depends on the document type and stated amount.\nCommon taxable docs: property/construction contracts, loans, large receipts.\nPurely electronic documents are generally outside stamp tax.\nWhat is taxable\nStamp tax attaches to the creation of specific paper instruments listed in the law — real-estate transfer and construction contracts, loan (金銭消費貸借) agreements, certain continuing business agreements, and receipts above a threshold. You pay by affixing revenue stamps to the document. The substance controls: calling a contract a “memorandum” does not avoid the tax if it is a taxable document.\nElectronic documents\nBecause the tax concerns the creation of a taxable paper document, purely electronic contracts and receipts are generally outside stamp tax — a reason many businesses moved to electronic contracting. Temporary reduced rates apply to qualifying real-estate and construction contracts. Confirm the current rate table and whether your document is taxable.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/stamp-tax-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:automobile-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7140.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Stamp tax is a tax on creating specified paper documents — such as real-estate and construction contracts, loan instruments, and large receipts — based on the document’s stated amount; purely electronic documents are generally outside the tax because no taxable paper is created.\nTaxable paper documents, contract categories, stated amounts, and electronic documents.\nCharged on creating specified paper documents.\nThe amount depends on the document type and stated amount.\nCommon taxable docs: property/construction contracts, loans, large receipts.\nPurely electronic documents are generally outside stamp tax.\nWhat is taxable\nStamp tax attaches to the creation of specific paper instruments listed in the law — real-estate transfer and construction contracts, loan (金銭消費貸借) agreements, certain continuing business agreements, and receipts above a threshold. You pay by affixing revenue stamps to the document. The substance controls: calling a contract a “memorandum” does not avoid the tax if it is a taxable document.\nElectronic documents\nBecause the tax concerns the creation of a taxable paper document, purely electronic contracts and receipts are generally outside stamp tax — a reason many businesses moved to electronic contracting. Temporary reduced rates apply to qualifying real-estate and construction contracts. Confirm the current rate table and whether your document is taxable.","url":"/en/tax/stamp-tax-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:international-tourist-tax-and-departure-charges:en","entityId":"guide:international-tourist-tax-and-departure-charges","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"International Tourist Tax and departure charges","plainText":"The International Tourist Tax is a per-departure charge collected from people leaving Japan (usually added to your ticket price), with specific exemptions such as certain short transits and young children — confirm the current rules before you rely on them.\nApplicable departures, exemptions, and ticket collection.\nA per-departure charge on leaving Japan.\nGenerally collected together with your ticket.\nSpecific exemptions apply (e.g., certain transits, young children).\nConfirm the current rules and amount before travel.\nHow it applies\nThe International Tourist Tax is charged on departures from Japan and is generally collected by carriers as part of the ticket price, so most travelers pay it without a separate step. It applies broadly to people leaving Japan by air or sea, residents and visitors alike, subject to defined exemptions.\nExemptions and verification\nExemptions include certain short transit passengers, very young children, and some official or forced departures. Because rates, exemptions, and collection details can change, verify the current rules for your travel date — this is exactly the kind of temporary measure that should be re-checked before you rely on it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/international-tourist-tax-and-departure-charges","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency (MLIT)","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/shisaku/kokusai/kokusaikankokyaku.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"The International Tourist Tax is a per-departure charge collected from people leaving Japan (usually added to your ticket price), with specific exemptions such as certain short transits and young children — confirm the current rules before you rely on them.\nApplicable departures, exemptions, and ticket collection.\nA per-departure charge on leaving Japan.\nGenerally collected together with your ticket.\nSpecific exemptions apply (e.g., certain transits, young children).\nConfirm the current rules and amount before travel.\nHow it applies\nThe International Tourist Tax is charged on departures from Japan and is generally collected by carriers as part of the ticket price, so most travelers pay it without a separate step. It applies broadly to people leaving Japan by air or sea, residents and visitors alike, subject to defined exemptions.\nExemptions and verification\nExemptions include certain short transit passengers, very young children, and some official or forced departures. Because rates, exemptions, and collection details can change, verify the current rules for your travel date — this is exactly the kind of temporary measure that should be re-checked before you rely on it.","url":"/en/tax/international-tourist-tax-and-departure-charges","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant:en","entityId":"guide:when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"When to hire a tax accountant","plainText":"Hire a licensed tax accountant (税理士) when your situation is fact-heavy or high-risk: uncertain residency, income or assets in more than one country, a first consumption-tax or invoice decision, a property sale, an inheritance or large gift, a tax notice or audit, late years, or missing records.\nResidence uncertainty, cross-border income, consumption tax, property sales, inheritance, and notices.\nResidency, treaty, or non-permanent-resident uncertainty.\nIncome or assets in more than one country; foreign trusts/entities/pensions.\nA first consumption-tax or qualified-invoice decision; incorporation.\nA property sale, inheritance, large gift, tax notice, audit, or late years.\nClear escalation triggers\nGet a 税理士 promptly when residence, domicile, non-permanent-resident status, or treaty residence is uncertain; when income or assets exist in more than one country; when a foreign company, trust, pension, or insurance wrapper is involved; when equity compensation spans countries; when you may face exit tax; when you own inherited or long-held property without complete cost records; when approaching consumption-tax registration or the invoice decision; or when paying family members or incorporating.\nNotices, disputes, and missing records\nAlso escalate when there is an inheritance, substantial gift, business succession, or nonresident heir; when returns are late, records are incomplete, or income was omitted; when the NTA or a municipality has issued an inquiry, correction, audit notice, assessment, demand, or seizure warning; or when Japanese-language limits prevent you from understanding declarations signed under your name. Verify a practitioner is an actively registered 税理士 before engaging.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan","guide:japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Bengo4.com / 税理士ドットコム","url":"https://www.zeiri4.com/","official":false}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Hire a licensed tax accountant (税理士) when your situation is fact-heavy or high-risk: uncertain residency, income or assets in more than one country, a first consumption-tax or invoice decision, a property sale, an inheritance or large gift, a tax notice or audit, late years, or missing records.\nResidence uncertainty, cross-border income, consumption tax, property sales, inheritance, and notices.\nResidency, treaty, or non-permanent-resident uncertainty.\nIncome or assets in more than one country; foreign trusts/entities/pensions.\nA first consumption-tax or qualified-invoice decision; incorporation.\nA property sale, inheritance, large gift, tax notice, audit, or late years.\nClear escalation triggers\nGet a 税理士 promptly when residence, domicile, non-permanent-resident status, or treaty residence is uncertain; when income or assets exist in more than one country; when a foreign company, trust, pension, or insurance wrapper is involved; when equity compensation spans countries; when you may face exit tax; when you own inherited or long-held property without complete cost records; when approaching consumption-tax registration or the invoice decision; or when paying family members or incorporating.\nNotices, disputes, and missing records\nAlso escalate when there is an inheritance, substantial gift, business succession, or nonresident heir; when returns are late, records are incomplete, or income was omitted; when the NTA or a municipality has issued an inquiry, correction, audit notice, assessment, demand, or seizure warning; or when Japanese-language limits prevent you from understanding declarations signed under your name. Verify a practitioner is an actively registered 税理士 before engaging.","url":"/en/tax/when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Types of financial and legal professionals in Japan","plainText":"Japan’s professions have distinct, non-interchangeable scopes: a tax accountant (税理士) gives regulated tax advice; a 社労士 handles labor/social insurance; a 司法書士 handles registrations; a 行政書士 handles administrative filings; a lawyer handles disputes; and a US CPA/EA handles US obligations.\nTax accountant, labor/social-security attorney, judicial scrivener, administrative scrivener, lawyer, and planner.\n税理士 (tax accountant): regulated tax advice and representation.\n社会保険労務士: employment and social-insurance matters.\n司法書士: many registrations; 行政書士: specified administrative filings.\nLawyer: legal disputes; US CPA/EA/attorney: US obligations.\nWho does what\nA licensed tax accountant (税理士) is the only professional who can provide regulated tax advice and represent you before the tax authorities. A labor and social-security attorney (社会保険労務士) handles employment and social-insurance matters; a judicial scrivener (司法書士) handles many registrations (including property title); an administrative scrivener (行政書士) handles specified administrative filings; and an attorney (弁護士) handles legal disputes. A financial planner advises on planning but is not a tax agent.\nCoordinating and verifying\nBecause scopes are not interchangeable, a complex matter may need several professionals — for example, a property sale by a US person could involve a 税理士, a 司法書士 for registration, and a US CPA/EA. Bookkeepers, software support staff, and translators cannot perform regulated tax-accountant work. Always verify active registration and confirm scope, fees, language, and data handling before engaging.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant","guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Bengo4.com / 税理士ドットコム","url":"https://www.zeiri4.com/","official":false}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Japan’s professions have distinct, non-interchangeable scopes: a tax accountant (税理士) gives regulated tax advice; a 社労士 handles labor/social insurance; a 司法書士 handles registrations; a 行政書士 handles administrative filings; a lawyer handles disputes; and a US CPA/EA handles US obligations.\nTax accountant, labor/social-security attorney, judicial scrivener, administrative scrivener, lawyer, and planner.\n税理士 (tax accountant): regulated tax advice and representation.\n社会保険労務士: employment and social-insurance matters.\n司法書士: many registrations; 行政書士: specified administrative filings.\nLawyer: legal disputes; US CPA/EA/attorney: US obligations.\nWho does what\nA licensed tax accountant (税理士) is the only professional who can provide regulated tax advice and represent you before the tax authorities. A labor and social-security attorney (社会保険労務士) handles employment and social-insurance matters; a judicial scrivener (司法書士) handles many registrations (including property title); an administrative scrivener (行政書士) handles specified administrative filings; and an attorney (弁護士) handles legal disputes. A financial planner advises on planning but is not a tax agent.\nCoordinating and verifying\nBecause scopes are not interchangeable, a complex matter may need several professionals — for example, a property sale by a US person could involve a 税理士, a 司法書士 for registration, and a US CPA/EA. Bookkeepers, software support staff, and translators cannot perform regulated tax-accountant work. Always verify active registration and confirm scope, fees, language, and data handling before engaging.","url":"/en/tax/types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-start-investing-japan:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to start investing in Japan","plainText":"Build an emergency fund and clear expensive debt first, then open a NISA at a low-cost broker, buy one diversified low-cost index fund, and automate a monthly amount you can sustain.\nA step-by-step order of operations: build a financial base, open the right account, choose one low-cost fund, and automate it.\nInvesting comes after liquid savings and high-interest debt repayment, not before.\nFor most residents, NISA is the first account to fund; iDeCo suits locked-in retirement money.\nA single global index fund diversifies across thousands of companies with almost no maintenance.\nA sustainable ¥5,000/month beats ¥100,000/month that you are forced to stop and sell.\nAutomate the purchase so investing no longer needs a monthly decision.\nStep 1–3: Prepare before you invest\nBefore buying anything, secure enough liquid cash for foreseeable expenses and emergencies, and repay expensive consumer debt such as card revolving balances. A market decline should never force you to sell investments to pay ordinary bills. A simple completion test: could you cover several months of essential spending without touching a brokerage account?\nNext, check whether your employer offers matching contributions or an unusually attractive corporate pension. Employer money you would otherwise forfeit generally beats starting your own account first. Only then move to your own tax-advantaged account.\nStep 4–5: Choose your account and broker\nFor most residents the first account is NISA, Japan’s tax-free investment wrapper: qualifying gains and dividends are exempt from Japanese tax, with a ¥1.2m recurring allowance plus a ¥2.4m growth allowance each year and an ¥18m lifetime limit. iDeCo suits money you can lock until retirement in exchange for an up-front income-tax deduction. A taxable \"specified account\" holds anything beyond those limits.\nChoose a broker on total cost, product range, tax-account support, language, and departure policy — not on the lowest headline commission or a temporary point rate. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui are common first comparisons for a self-directed resident; Interactive Brokers Japan has the clearest verified end-to-end English.\nStep 6–8: Buy one fund and automate it\nA strong default for a long horizon is a single broadly diversified, low-cost global-equity index fund, optionally combined with cash or bonds according to how much loss you can tolerate. This is not because global equities are guaranteed to win, but because one fund spreads across many countries and companies with little maintenance.\nPlace a modest first purchase so you understand how fund orders, net asset value, and settlement work, then enable a recurring monthly purchase. Recurring investing is a budgeting and behavioural tool — it does not prevent loss, but it removes the monthly decision and reduces the temptation to time the market.\nStep 9: Maintain lightly\nReview the whole portfolio once or twice a year and after major life events, not after every headline. Rebalance toward your target weights using new contributions where possible, keep annual transaction reports for tax, and revisit the plan when income, family, or residency changes. The aim is a plan you can hold through a severe decline, not one you constantly adjust.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/how-to-start-investing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:saving-vs-investing","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:investment-risk-explained"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Build an emergency fund and clear expensive debt first, then open a NISA at a low-cost broker, buy one diversified low-cost index fund, and automate a monthly amount you can sustain.\nA step-by-step order of operations: build a financial base, open the right account, choose one low-cost fund, and automate it.\nInvesting comes after liquid savings and high-interest debt repayment, not before.\nFor most residents, NISA is the first account to fund; iDeCo suits locked-in retirement money.\nA single global index fund diversifies across thousands of companies with almost no maintenance.\nA sustainable ¥5,000/month beats ¥100,000/month that you are forced to stop and sell.\nAutomate the purchase so investing no longer needs a monthly decision.\nStep 1–3: Prepare before you invest\nBefore buying anything, secure enough liquid cash for foreseeable expenses and emergencies, and repay expensive consumer debt such as card revolving balances. A market decline should never force you to sell investments to pay ordinary bills. A simple completion test: could you cover several months of essential spending without touching a brokerage account?\nNext, check whether your employer offers matching contributions or an unusually attractive corporate pension. Employer money you would otherwise forfeit generally beats starting your own account first. Only then move to your own tax-advantaged account.\nStep 4–5: Choose your account and broker\nFor most residents the first account is NISA, Japan’s tax-free investment wrapper: qualifying gains and dividends are exempt from Japanese tax, with a ¥1.2m recurring allowance plus a ¥2.4m growth allowance each year and an ¥18m lifetime limit. iDeCo suits money you can lock until retirement in exchange for an up-front income-tax deduction. A taxable \"specified account\" holds anything beyond those limits.\nChoose a broker on total cost, product range, tax-account support, language, and departure policy — not on the lowest headline commission or a temporary point rate. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui are common first comparisons for a self-directed resident; Interactive Brokers Japan has the clearest verified end-to-end English.\nStep 6–8: Buy one fund and automate it\nA strong default for a long horizon is a single broadly diversified, low-cost global-equity index fund, optionally combined with cash or bonds according to how much loss you can tolerate. This is not because global equities are guaranteed to win, but because one fund spreads across many countries and companies with little maintenance.\nPlace a modest first purchase so you understand how fund orders, net asset value, and settlement work, then enable a recurring monthly purchase. Recurring investing is a budgeting and behavioural tool — it does not prevent loss, but it removes the monthly decision and reduces the temptation to time the market.\nStep 9: Maintain lightly\nReview the whole portfolio once or twice a year and after major life events, not after every headline. Rebalance toward your target weights using new contributions where possible, keep annual transaction reports for tax, and revisit the plan when income, family, or residency changes. The aim is a plan you can hold through a severe decline, not one you constantly adjust.","url":"/en/investing/how-to-start-investing-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:saving-vs-investing:en","entityId":"guide:saving-vs-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saving vs investing in Japan","plainText":"Save money you may need soon in cash or deposits; invest only money you will not need for years and can watch fluctuate. Matching each goal to a time horizon is the core decision.\nWhen cash, time deposits, and JGBs are the right tool, and when investing for growth makes sense.\nSaving prioritises stability and instant access; investing accepts uncertainty for potential growth.\nCash has no nominal loss but can lose purchasing power when prices rise faster than interest.\nShort-term goals (under ~3 years) belong in cash or short deposits, not markets.\nBank deposits are insured up to ¥10m of principal per bank; foreign-currency deposits usually are not.\nDo not invest your emergency fund — it needs to be reliable, not high-returning.\nThe cash-to-investment spectrum\nMoney sits on a spectrum from most liquid and stable to least. Ordinary deposits give instant access and stability but little return. Time deposits fix a rate for a term, adding predictability at the cost of early-withdrawal restrictions. Retail Japanese Government Bonds (JGBs) offer government-backed principal, a ¥10,000 minimum, monthly issuance, and a minimum-rate provision, but low expected return and an early-redemption adjustment. Investments — shares, funds, bonds beyond JGBs, and property securities — offer higher expected return but fluctuating value and no principal guarantee.\nThe right tool is not the highest return; it is the one that matches when you will need the money and how much fluctuation you can tolerate along the way.\nWhy \"no nominal loss\" is not \"no risk\"\nCash feels safe because its yen number does not fall. But if prices rise 2% while your deposit earns near 0%, the same yen buys less next year — a real loss in purchasing power even though the balance is unchanged. This inflation risk is the main argument for investing money with a long horizon, where growth assets have historically outpaced cash over long periods (without any guarantee they will continue to).\nThe mirror-image mistake is investing money you will need soon: a temporary market decline can force a sale at a bad price. Both errors come from mismatching money to its time horizon.\nMatching money to goals — an example\nA house deposit needed in three years generally stays in cash or short-duration safe assets, because a 30% equity fall just before purchase would be devastating. Retirement money needed in thirty years can tolerate equity volatility, because there is time to recover. A single allocation for every goal is a common mistake: separate your emergency fund, near-term goals, and long-term goals, and use a different tool for each.\nA practical split: keep several months of expenses plus any goal due within about three years in deposits; invest only the surplus you will not touch for years.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/saving-vs-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:investment-risk-explained","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Deposit Insurance Corporation of Japan","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Finance","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/jgbs/individual/kojinmuke/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Save money you may need soon in cash or deposits; invest only money you will not need for years and can watch fluctuate. Matching each goal to a time horizon is the core decision.\nWhen cash, time deposits, and JGBs are the right tool, and when investing for growth makes sense.\nSaving prioritises stability and instant access; investing accepts uncertainty for potential growth.\nCash has no nominal loss but can lose purchasing power when prices rise faster than interest.\nShort-term goals (under ~3 years) belong in cash or short deposits, not markets.\nBank deposits are insured up to ¥10m of principal per bank; foreign-currency deposits usually are not.\nDo not invest your emergency fund — it needs to be reliable, not high-returning.\nThe cash-to-investment spectrum\nMoney sits on a spectrum from most liquid and stable to least. Ordinary deposits give instant access and stability but little return. Time deposits fix a rate for a term, adding predictability at the cost of early-withdrawal restrictions. Retail Japanese Government Bonds (JGBs) offer government-backed principal, a ¥10,000 minimum, monthly issuance, and a minimum-rate provision, but low expected return and an early-redemption adjustment. Investments — shares, funds, bonds beyond JGBs, and property securities — offer higher expected return but fluctuating value and no principal guarantee.\nThe right tool is not the highest return; it is the one that matches when you will need the money and how much fluctuation you can tolerate along the way.\nWhy \"no nominal loss\" is not \"no risk\"\nCash feels safe because its yen number does not fall. But if prices rise 2% while your deposit earns near 0%, the same yen buys less next year — a real loss in purchasing power even though the balance is unchanged. This inflation risk is the main argument for investing money with a long horizon, where growth assets have historically outpaced cash over long periods (without any guarantee they will continue to).\nThe mirror-image mistake is investing money you will need soon: a temporary market decline can force a sale at a bad price. Both errors come from mismatching money to its time horizon.\nMatching money to goals — an example\nA house deposit needed in three years generally stays in cash or short-duration safe assets, because a 30% equity fall just before purchase would be devastating. Retirement money needed in thirty years can tolerate equity volatility, because there is time to recover. A single allocation for every goal is a common mistake: separate your emergency fund, near-term goals, and long-term goals, and use a different tool for each.\nA practical split: keep several months of expenses plus any goal due within about three years in deposits; invest only the surplus you will not touch for years.","url":"/en/investing/saving-vs-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-risk-explained:en","entityId":"guide:investment-risk-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investment risk explained","plainText":"Risk is not one thing: volatility is temporary fluctuation, while permanent loss is different. The practical question is whether you could hold a plan while a ¥10m portfolio temporarily fell to ¥6m.\nVolatility vs permanent loss, the main types of risk, and how to translate a stock allocation into a possible yen loss.\nVolatility (temporary price swings) is not the same as permanent loss of capital.\nSeparate risk capacity (ability to lose), tolerance (willingness), and need (return required).\nConstrain a portfolio by the lowest of capacity, tolerance, and need.\nA 100%-equity portfolio can fall ~50% in a severe market; a 60% equity mix falls roughly ~30%.\nA 30% fall requires a ~43% gain to recover — losses and recoveries are asymmetric.\nThe main types of risk\nMarket risk is the broad rise and fall of prices. Company (specific) risk is a single issuer failing — diversification reduces it. Credit risk is a borrower defaulting. Liquidity risk is being unable to sell at a fair price when you need cash. Currency risk is exchange-rate movement changing the yen value of foreign assets. Inflation risk is purchasing power eroding even without a nominal loss.\nA crucial distinction: volatility is a temporary change in value that may reverse, while permanent loss (a bankruptcy, or selling at the bottom) is not recoverable. Diversification and time address volatility far better than they address a permanent, concentrated bet that fails.\nCapacity, tolerance, and need\nThree separate ideas govern how much risk to take. Risk capacity is your financial ability to withstand loss — a young worker with secure income has high capacity; a retiree drawing down has low capacity. Risk tolerance is your emotional willingness to endure a fall without abandoning the plan. Risk need is the return your goal actually requires.\nA portfolio should normally be constrained by the lowest of the three. Someone with high capacity but low tolerance who sells in every crash is effectively a low-tolerance investor, and should size equities accordingly.\nTranslating allocation into a yen loss\nLabels like \"moderate\" or \"aggressive\" are less useful than a concrete calculation. Assuming equities fall 50% in a severe market (before bond or currency effects), the approximate portfolio decline is: 20% equity → about −10%; 40% equity → about −20%; 60% equity → about −30%; 80% equity → about −40%; 100% equity → about −50%.\nNow make it personal. Would a ¥10m portfolio temporarily falling to ¥6m (a 60% equity mix) cause you to abandon the plan and sell? Recoveries are asymmetric too: a 30% fall needs a ~43% gain to return to breakeven, and a 50% fall needs a 100% gain. If the honest answer is \"I would sell,\" reduce the equity share until the modelled loss is one you could hold through.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investment-risk-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:saving-vs-investing","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Investor Protection Fund","url":"https://jipf.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Risk is not one thing: volatility is temporary fluctuation, while permanent loss is different. The practical question is whether you could hold a plan while a ¥10m portfolio temporarily fell to ¥6m.\nVolatility vs permanent loss, the main types of risk, and how to translate a stock allocation into a possible yen loss.\nVolatility (temporary price swings) is not the same as permanent loss of capital.\nSeparate risk capacity (ability to lose), tolerance (willingness), and need (return required).\nConstrain a portfolio by the lowest of capacity, tolerance, and need.\nA 100%-equity portfolio can fall ~50% in a severe market; a 60% equity mix falls roughly ~30%.\nA 30% fall requires a ~43% gain to recover — losses and recoveries are asymmetric.\nThe main types of risk\nMarket risk is the broad rise and fall of prices. Company (specific) risk is a single issuer failing — diversification reduces it. Credit risk is a borrower defaulting. Liquidity risk is being unable to sell at a fair price when you need cash. Currency risk is exchange-rate movement changing the yen value of foreign assets. Inflation risk is purchasing power eroding even without a nominal loss.\nA crucial distinction: volatility is a temporary change in value that may reverse, while permanent loss (a bankruptcy, or selling at the bottom) is not recoverable. Diversification and time address volatility far better than they address a permanent, concentrated bet that fails.\nCapacity, tolerance, and need\nThree separate ideas govern how much risk to take. Risk capacity is your financial ability to withstand loss — a young worker with secure income has high capacity; a retiree drawing down has low capacity. Risk tolerance is your emotional willingness to endure a fall without abandoning the plan. Risk need is the return your goal actually requires.\nA portfolio should normally be constrained by the lowest of the three. Someone with high capacity but low tolerance who sells in every crash is effectively a low-tolerance investor, and should size equities accordingly.\nTranslating allocation into a yen loss\nLabels like \"moderate\" or \"aggressive\" are less useful than a concrete calculation. Assuming equities fall 50% in a severe market (before bond or currency effects), the approximate portfolio decline is: 20% equity → about −10%; 40% equity → about −20%; 60% equity → about −30%; 80% equity → about −40%; 100% equity → about −50%.\nNow make it personal. Would a ¥10m portfolio temporarily falling to ¥6m (a 60% equity mix) cause you to abandon the plan and sell? Recoveries are asymmetric too: a 30% fall needs a ~43% gain to return to breakeven, and a 50% fall needs a 100% gain. If the honest answer is \"I would sell,\" reduce the equity share until the modelled loss is one you could hold through.","url":"/en/investing/investment-risk-explained","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:diversification-asset-allocation:en","entityId":"guide:diversification-asset-allocation","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Diversification and asset allocation","plainText":"Diversification spreads exposure across many companies, sectors, countries, and asset classes so no single failure sinks you; your stock/bond/cash split (asset allocation) is usually a bigger decision than which similar index fund you choose.\nHow spreading risk across companies, countries, currencies, and asset classes works, and why allocation matters more than fund picking.\nDiversify across companies, sectors, countries, currencies, and asset classes.\nAsset allocation (the stock/bond/cash mix) usually drives risk more than fund selection.\nA single global equity index fund already diversifies across thousands of companies.\nHome-country bias overweights Japan and its single-currency, export-heavy economy.\nDiversification reduces company-specific risk but cannot remove market-wide losses.\nThe dimensions of diversification\nDiversification means not depending on any single outcome. Across companies and sectors, it protects you if one firm or industry fails. Across countries, it reduces dependence on one economy or political system. Across currencies, it means your wealth is not tied only to the yen. Across asset classes — equities, bonds, cash, and REITs — it blends holdings that do not all fall together.\nA broad global equity index fund handles the company, sector, and country dimensions in one purchase. Adding bonds or cash addresses the asset-class dimension and lowers overall volatility.\nAllocation is the bigger decision\nThe split among stocks, bonds, and cash is usually a larger risk decision than choosing between two similar index funds. Moving from 100% equities to 60% equities changes your severe-market loss from roughly −50% to roughly −30% — a far bigger effect than a 0.05% difference in fund fees. Decide your allocation first, based on time horizon and how much loss you can hold through, then choose low-cost funds to implement it.\nThree illustrative profiles: a conservative investor might hold more bonds and cash and a minority in equities; a balanced investor a roughly even growth/stability split; a growth investor mostly equities. None is universally correct — the right one is the one you can keep during a crash.\nHome-country bias and its limits\nIt is natural to over-invest in what is familiar. A Japan-only portfolio concentrates you in one country, a single-currency environment, and an economy heavy in industrials, financials, and exporters. A modest Japan tilt can make sense if your future spending is in yen, but a global core spreads risk across many economies and sectors.\nFinally, remember diversification’s limit: in a crisis, correlations rise and most assets can fall together. Diversification reduces the risk of any one holding wrecking your plan; it does not promise a positive year.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/diversification-asset-allocation","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investment-risk-explained","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Diversification spreads exposure across many companies, sectors, countries, and asset classes so no single failure sinks you; your stock/bond/cash split (asset allocation) is usually a bigger decision than which similar index fund you choose.\nHow spreading risk across companies, countries, currencies, and asset classes works, and why allocation matters more than fund picking.\nDiversify across companies, sectors, countries, currencies, and asset classes.\nAsset allocation (the stock/bond/cash mix) usually drives risk more than fund selection.\nA single global equity index fund already diversifies across thousands of companies.\nHome-country bias overweights Japan and its single-currency, export-heavy economy.\nDiversification reduces company-specific risk but cannot remove market-wide losses.\nThe dimensions of diversification\nDiversification means not depending on any single outcome. Across companies and sectors, it protects you if one firm or industry fails. Across countries, it reduces dependence on one economy or political system. Across currencies, it means your wealth is not tied only to the yen. Across asset classes — equities, bonds, cash, and REITs — it blends holdings that do not all fall together.\nA broad global equity index fund handles the company, sector, and country dimensions in one purchase. Adding bonds or cash addresses the asset-class dimension and lowers overall volatility.\nAllocation is the bigger decision\nThe split among stocks, bonds, and cash is usually a larger risk decision than choosing between two similar index funds. Moving from 100% equities to 60% equities changes your severe-market loss from roughly −50% to roughly −30% — a far bigger effect than a 0.05% difference in fund fees. Decide your allocation first, based on time horizon and how much loss you can hold through, then choose low-cost funds to implement it.\nThree illustrative profiles: a conservative investor might hold more bonds and cash and a minority in equities; a balanced investor a roughly even growth/stability split; a growth investor mostly equities. None is universally correct — the right one is the one you can keep during a crash.\nHome-country bias and its limits\nIt is natural to over-invest in what is familiar. A Japan-only portfolio concentrates you in one country, a single-currency environment, and an economy heavy in industrials, financials, and exporters. A modest Japan tilt can make sense if your future spending is in yen, but a global core spreads risk across many economies and sectors.\nFinally, remember diversification’s limit: in a crisis, correlations rise and most assets can fall together. Diversification reduces the risk of any one holding wrecking your plan; it does not promise a positive year.","url":"/en/investing/diversification-asset-allocation","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compound-growth:en","entityId":"guide:compound-growth","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Compound growth explained","plainText":"Compounding means returns generate further returns, so time and consistent contributions matter enormously — but fees, taxes, and inflation quietly reduce the real result.\nHow returns build on returns, the difference between contributions and growth, and why fees, taxes, and inflation matter.\nCompounding rewards time in the market more than the size of any single contribution.\nEarly on, your contributions dominate; over decades, growth can exceed contributions.\nNominal returns ignore inflation; real (after-inflation) returns are what buy things.\nA 1% annual fee on ¥10m is ~¥100,000 a year before compounding — costs compound too.\nThese are deterministic illustrations, not forecasts; real returns are irregular.\nHow compounding works\nWhen an investment earns a return and you keep it invested, next period’s return is calculated on the larger balance. Repeated over years, this snowballs. A one-time ¥1,000,000 invested and left to compound annually would grow to roughly: at 3%, about ¥1.34m after 10 years, ¥1.81m after 20, and ¥2.43m after 30; at 5%, about ¥1.63m / ¥2.65m / ¥4.32m; at 7%, about ¥1.97m / ¥3.87m / ¥7.61m.\nThe pattern is that higher assumed returns and longer periods both matter, and the later years contribute disproportionately — which is why starting earlier, even with small amounts, is powerful.\nContributions vs investment growth\nMonthly investing shows the same effect. At an assumed 5% annual return compounded monthly, investing ¥30,000 at each month-end would produce roughly ¥4.66m after 10 years, ¥12.33m after 20, and ¥24.97m after 30. Your own contributions over those periods total ¥3.6m, ¥7.2m, and ¥10.8m — so in the early years most of the balance is your own money, but by year 30 investment growth exceeds everything you paid in.\nThis is why persistence beats intensity: continuing a modest amount for decades lets growth do the heavy lifting, whereas stopping and restarting resets the clock.\nFees, taxes, and inflation\nCompounding cuts both ways. A 1% annual fee on a ¥10m portfolio is about ¥100,000 in the first year, but because that money is no longer invested, the drag compounds over decades into a much larger sum. This is the core case for low-cost index funds and for tax-free wrappers like NISA, where qualifying gains escape the usual 20.315% Japanese tax.\nFinally, distinguish nominal from real returns. A 5% nominal return with 2% inflation is only about 3% in real purchasing power. When planning, label your return as an assumption, and consider the real figure — the one that actually determines what your money can buy.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/compound-growth","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Compounding means returns generate further returns, so time and consistent contributions matter enormously — but fees, taxes, and inflation quietly reduce the real result.\nHow returns build on returns, the difference between contributions and growth, and why fees, taxes, and inflation matter.\nCompounding rewards time in the market more than the size of any single contribution.\nEarly on, your contributions dominate; over decades, growth can exceed contributions.\nNominal returns ignore inflation; real (after-inflation) returns are what buy things.\nA 1% annual fee on ¥10m is ~¥100,000 a year before compounding — costs compound too.\nThese are deterministic illustrations, not forecasts; real returns are irregular.\nHow compounding works\nWhen an investment earns a return and you keep it invested, next period’s return is calculated on the larger balance. Repeated over years, this snowballs. A one-time ¥1,000,000 invested and left to compound annually would grow to roughly: at 3%, about ¥1.34m after 10 years, ¥1.81m after 20, and ¥2.43m after 30; at 5%, about ¥1.63m / ¥2.65m / ¥4.32m; at 7%, about ¥1.97m / ¥3.87m / ¥7.61m.\nThe pattern is that higher assumed returns and longer periods both matter, and the later years contribute disproportionately — which is why starting earlier, even with small amounts, is powerful.\nContributions vs investment growth\nMonthly investing shows the same effect. At an assumed 5% annual return compounded monthly, investing ¥30,000 at each month-end would produce roughly ¥4.66m after 10 years, ¥12.33m after 20, and ¥24.97m after 30. Your own contributions over those periods total ¥3.6m, ¥7.2m, and ¥10.8m — so in the early years most of the balance is your own money, but by year 30 investment growth exceeds everything you paid in.\nThis is why persistence beats intensity: continuing a modest amount for decades lets growth do the heavy lifting, whereas stopping and restarting resets the clock.\nFees, taxes, and inflation\nCompounding cuts both ways. A 1% annual fee on a ¥10m portfolio is about ¥100,000 in the first year, but because that money is no longer invested, the drag compounds over decades into a much larger sum. This is the core case for low-cost index funds and for tax-free wrappers like NISA, where qualifying gains escape the usual 20.315% Japanese tax.\nFinally, distinguish nominal from real returns. A 5% nominal return with 2% inflation is only about 3% in real purchasing power. When planning, label your return as an assumption, and consider the real figure — the one that actually determines what your money can buy.","url":"/en/investing/compound-growth","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing:en","entityId":"guide:lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Lump sum vs monthly investing","plainText":"Investing a lump sum maximises time in the market and is coherent if you already have the money and a long horizon; staging it over months reduces regret and entry-date concentration but leaves money uninvested. Recurring investing is mainly a budgeting and behavioural tool, not loss protection.\nWhen investing a lump sum makes sense, what dollar-cost averaging really does, and a practical decision framework.\nA lump sum invested now maximises exposure and is economically coherent for long horizons.\nStaging entry over 6–12 months reduces behavioural regret and single-date concentration.\nDollar-cost averaging buys more units when prices are low and fewer when high — but loss is still possible.\nRecurring investing is a budgeting/behaviour tool, not a mechanism that prevents loss.\nThe right choice depends on the money you have, your horizon, and your reaction to an early fall.\nThe case for a lump sum\nIf you already hold the money, have a long horizon, and can tolerate an immediate decline, investing it all at once is economically coherent: markets rise more often than they fall over long periods, so more time invested tends to help. The risk is timing — investing everything just before a large drop feels terrible, even if it is the right long-run decision.\nA lump sum is most appropriate for money that is genuinely surplus and long-term. It is not appropriate for cash you may need soon, which belongs in deposits regardless of this debate.\nStaging and dollar-cost averaging\nSpreading a lump sum over six or twelve months reduces the chance of putting everything in at a single bad price and softens regret, at the cost of leaving part of the money uninvested (and historically often underperforming an immediate lump sum, because markets rise more than they fall). Dollar-cost averaging — investing a fixed yen amount repeatedly — automatically buys more units when prices are low and fewer when high, but it does not remove the possibility of loss.\nThe key correction to a common myth: recurring investing does not \"reduce risk\" in the sense of preventing losses. Its real value is behavioural and practical — it turns investing into a habit and removes the pressure to predict the perfect entry point.\nA practical decision framework\nUse this framework. For a windfall you already hold (bonus, inheritance) that is truly long-term: a lump sum is defensible, but staging over a few months is a reasonable compromise if a sharp early fall would make you sell. For money arriving each month from salary: recurring investing is the natural fit — you invest as you earn.\nExample: with ¥1,000,000 to invest and a 20-year horizon, a lump sum or a 6-month stage-in are both reasonable; investing ¥30,000 from each monthly salary is simply the ongoing habit. Pick the option you can actually stick to through a downturn.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:compound-growth","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:investment-risk-explained"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Investing a lump sum maximises time in the market and is coherent if you already have the money and a long horizon; staging it over months reduces regret and entry-date concentration but leaves money uninvested. Recurring investing is mainly a budgeting and behavioural tool, not loss protection.\nWhen investing a lump sum makes sense, what dollar-cost averaging really does, and a practical decision framework.\nA lump sum invested now maximises exposure and is economically coherent for long horizons.\nStaging entry over 6–12 months reduces behavioural regret and single-date concentration.\nDollar-cost averaging buys more units when prices are low and fewer when high — but loss is still possible.\nRecurring investing is a budgeting/behaviour tool, not a mechanism that prevents loss.\nThe right choice depends on the money you have, your horizon, and your reaction to an early fall.\nThe case for a lump sum\nIf you already hold the money, have a long horizon, and can tolerate an immediate decline, investing it all at once is economically coherent: markets rise more often than they fall over long periods, so more time invested tends to help. The risk is timing — investing everything just before a large drop feels terrible, even if it is the right long-run decision.\nA lump sum is most appropriate for money that is genuinely surplus and long-term. It is not appropriate for cash you may need soon, which belongs in deposits regardless of this debate.\nStaging and dollar-cost averaging\nSpreading a lump sum over six or twelve months reduces the chance of putting everything in at a single bad price and softens regret, at the cost of leaving part of the money uninvested (and historically often underperforming an immediate lump sum, because markets rise more than they fall). Dollar-cost averaging — investing a fixed yen amount repeatedly — automatically buys more units when prices are low and fewer when high, but it does not remove the possibility of loss.\nThe key correction to a common myth: recurring investing does not \"reduce risk\" in the sense of preventing losses. Its real value is behavioural and practical — it turns investing into a habit and removes the pressure to predict the perfect entry point.\nA practical decision framework\nUse this framework. For a windfall you already hold (bonus, inheritance) that is truly long-term: a lump sum is defensible, but staging over a few months is a reasonable compromise if a sharp early fall would make you sell. For money arriving each month from salary: recurring investing is the natural fit — you invest as you earn.\nExample: with ¥1,000,000 to invest and a 20-year horizon, a lump sum or a 6-month stage-in are both reasonable; investing ¥30,000 from each monthly salary is simply the ongoing habit. Pick the option you can actually stick to through a downturn.","url":"/en/investing/lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:active-vs-passive-investing:en","entityId":"guide:active-vs-passive-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Active vs passive investing","plainText":"Passive index funds track a market at very low cost; active funds try to beat it but charge more and often underperform after fees. Most beginners use low-cost index funds as a core, adding anything active only as a deliberate satellite.\nIndex funds vs active management vs individual stock picking, and why costs and turnover matter for long-term results.\nIndex (passive) funds aim to match a benchmark at very low cost.\nActive funds aim to beat a benchmark but charge higher fees and trade more.\nAfter fees and turnover, many active funds underperform their benchmark over long periods.\nIndividual stock picking concentrates risk and demands research most beginners cannot sustain.\nA core-and-satellite approach keeps a low-cost index core and limits active bets to a small sleeve.\nIndex, active, and stock picking\nA passive index fund seeks to track a published benchmark — for example a global or S&P 500 index — holding the index’s constituents so your return closely matches the market minus a small fee. An active fund employs managers who select securities to try to beat a benchmark. Individual stock picking is doing that selection yourself.\nThe trade-off is cost and dispersion of outcomes. Index funds are cheap and predictable relative to their benchmark; active strategies carry higher fees, higher turnover, and a wide range of possible results — some beat the market, many do not.\nWhy costs and turnover matter\nFees compound against you. A fund charging 1.5% versus 0.1% surrenders about 1.4% of your balance every year, which over decades can consume a large fraction of your growth. High turnover also generates trading costs and, outside NISA, taxable events. Because the average active fund holds roughly the market before costs, subtracting higher fees is why many underperform their benchmark over long horizons.\nThis is not a claim that active management can never work — some funds do beat their index — but that identifying them in advance is hard, and the cost drag is a reliable headwind. For a core holding, a transparent low-cost index fund is the simpler, cheaper default.\nWhen active may make sense — core and satellite\nActive choices can be reasonable as a deliberate, limited \"satellite\" — for exposures an index does not capture, or a strategy you understand and want. The discipline is to keep the bulk of the portfolio in a low-cost index \"core\" and cap the active or single-stock sleeve at a size whose failure you could absorb.\nThe most common beginner mistake is the reverse: selecting funds by last year’s return and ending up with a scattered collection of overlapping, expensive, actively chosen products. Decide the core first; treat everything else as an intentional exception.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/active-vs-passive-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:what-is-nisa"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Passive index funds track a market at very low cost; active funds try to beat it but charge more and often underperform after fees. Most beginners use low-cost index funds as a core, adding anything active only as a deliberate satellite.\nIndex funds vs active management vs individual stock picking, and why costs and turnover matter for long-term results.\nIndex (passive) funds aim to match a benchmark at very low cost.\nActive funds aim to beat a benchmark but charge higher fees and trade more.\nAfter fees and turnover, many active funds underperform their benchmark over long periods.\nIndividual stock picking concentrates risk and demands research most beginners cannot sustain.\nA core-and-satellite approach keeps a low-cost index core and limits active bets to a small sleeve.\nIndex, active, and stock picking\nA passive index fund seeks to track a published benchmark — for example a global or S&P 500 index — holding the index’s constituents so your return closely matches the market minus a small fee. An active fund employs managers who select securities to try to beat a benchmark. Individual stock picking is doing that selection yourself.\nThe trade-off is cost and dispersion of outcomes. Index funds are cheap and predictable relative to their benchmark; active strategies carry higher fees, higher turnover, and a wide range of possible results — some beat the market, many do not.\nWhy costs and turnover matter\nFees compound against you. A fund charging 1.5% versus 0.1% surrenders about 1.4% of your balance every year, which over decades can consume a large fraction of your growth. High turnover also generates trading costs and, outside NISA, taxable events. Because the average active fund holds roughly the market before costs, subtracting higher fees is why many underperform their benchmark over long horizons.\nThis is not a claim that active management can never work — some funds do beat their index — but that identifying them in advance is hard, and the cost drag is a reliable headwind. For a core holding, a transparent low-cost index fund is the simpler, cheaper default.\nWhen active may make sense — core and satellite\nActive choices can be reasonable as a deliberate, limited \"satellite\" — for exposures an index does not capture, or a strategy you understand and want. The discipline is to keep the bulk of the portfolio in a low-cost index \"core\" and cap the active or single-stock sleeve at a size whose failure you could absorb.\nThe most common beginner mistake is the reverse: selecting funds by last year’s return and ending up with a scattered collection of overlapping, expensive, actively chosen products. Decide the core first; treat everything else as an intentional exception.","url":"/en/investing/active-vs-passive-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:currency-risk-yen:en","entityId":"guide:currency-risk-yen","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"The yen and currency risk","plainText":"A foreign asset held by a yen investor moves with both its own price and the yen exchange rate: a weaker yen lifts the yen value of foreign holdings, a stronger yen lowers it — so global funds carry currency risk on top of market risk.\nHow foreign assets move with both their price and the exchange rate in yen terms, and how a weak or strong yen changes your returns.\nYen return on a foreign asset = asset price change combined with exchange-rate change.\nA weaker yen raises the yen value of unhedged foreign assets; a stronger yen reduces it.\nA yen-listed ETF can still carry underlying foreign-currency exposure.\nCurrency diversification can be a feature (spreading beyond the yen), not only a risk.\nFX spreads on conversions and unhedged funds are a real, recurring cost to check.\nTwo forces move a foreign asset\nWhen a yen-based investor owns a foreign asset — say a US stock fund — the yen value depends on two things: how the asset performs in its own currency, and how the yen moves against that currency. Both can push the same way or offset each other. A US fund could rise in dollars while a strengthening yen erases the gain in yen terms, or a weak yen could add to a dollar gain.\nThis is why \"unhedged\" global funds are described as giving exposure to foreign assets plus exchange-rate movement. It is not a flaw — it is simply an extra source of return and risk you should understand before buying.\nWeak-yen and strong-yen scenarios\nConsider a foreign holding worth the equivalent of ¥1,000,000. If the asset price is flat but the yen weakens 10% against that currency, the yen value rises to about ¥1,100,000; if the yen strengthens 10%, it falls to about ¥900,000 — all before any change in the asset itself. Over the past several years a notably weak yen flattered the yen returns of unhedged foreign funds; a future reversal would work the other way.\nA subtle but common confusion: a fund or ETF that trades in yen on a Japanese exchange can still hold foreign-currency assets underneath. Trading currency is not the same as underlying economic currency exposure — check what the fund actually holds, not just how it is quoted.\nManaging currency exposure and cost\nYou have choices. Holding unhedged global assets gives currency diversification, which many long-horizon equity investors deliberately keep so their wealth is not tied only to the yen. A currency-hedged fund reduces exchange-rate movement but adds cost. Some investors match currency to future spending: if you will retire and spend in yen, a yen tilt or partial hedging can reduce mismatch.\nWhatever you choose, count the costs. Converting yen to a foreign currency incurs an FX spread, and unhedged funds pass currency swings straight through. Compare a broker’s advertised conversion terms and a fund’s hedging policy before assuming \"zero-commission\" means \"zero cost.\"","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/currency-risk-yen","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"A foreign asset held by a yen investor moves with both its own price and the yen exchange rate: a weaker yen lifts the yen value of foreign holdings, a stronger yen lowers it — so global funds carry currency risk on top of market risk.\nHow foreign assets move with both their price and the exchange rate in yen terms, and how a weak or strong yen changes your returns.\nYen return on a foreign asset = asset price change combined with exchange-rate change.\nA weaker yen raises the yen value of unhedged foreign assets; a stronger yen reduces it.\nA yen-listed ETF can still carry underlying foreign-currency exposure.\nCurrency diversification can be a feature (spreading beyond the yen), not only a risk.\nFX spreads on conversions and unhedged funds are a real, recurring cost to check.\nTwo forces move a foreign asset\nWhen a yen-based investor owns a foreign asset — say a US stock fund — the yen value depends on two things: how the asset performs in its own currency, and how the yen moves against that currency. Both can push the same way or offset each other. A US fund could rise in dollars while a strengthening yen erases the gain in yen terms, or a weak yen could add to a dollar gain.\nThis is why \"unhedged\" global funds are described as giving exposure to foreign assets plus exchange-rate movement. It is not a flaw — it is simply an extra source of return and risk you should understand before buying.\nWeak-yen and strong-yen scenarios\nConsider a foreign holding worth the equivalent of ¥1,000,000. If the asset price is flat but the yen weakens 10% against that currency, the yen value rises to about ¥1,100,000; if the yen strengthens 10%, it falls to about ¥900,000 — all before any change in the asset itself. Over the past several years a notably weak yen flattered the yen returns of unhedged foreign funds; a future reversal would work the other way.\nA subtle but common confusion: a fund or ETF that trades in yen on a Japanese exchange can still hold foreign-currency assets underneath. Trading currency is not the same as underlying economic currency exposure — check what the fund actually holds, not just how it is quoted.\nManaging currency exposure and cost\nYou have choices. Holding unhedged global assets gives currency diversification, which many long-horizon equity investors deliberately keep so their wealth is not tied only to the yen. A currency-hedged fund reduces exchange-rate movement but adds cost. Some investors match currency to future spending: if you will retire and spend in yen, a yen tilt or partial hedging can reduce mismatch.\nWhatever you choose, count the costs. Converting yen to a foreign currency incurs an FX spread, and unhedged funds pass currency swings straight through. Compare a broker’s advertised conversion terms and a fund’s hedging policy before assuming \"zero-commission\" means \"zero cost.\"","url":"/en/investing/currency-risk-yen","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:currency-hedged-vs-unhedged:en","entityId":"guide:currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Currency-hedged vs unhedged funds","plainText":"A hedged fund uses derivatives to reduce exchange-rate movement, at a cost tied to interest-rate differences; hedging is often more compelling for lower-volatility foreign bonds than for long-horizon equities, where many investors keep currency diversification.\nHow hedging works, what it costs, and why hedging often suits foreign bonds more than long-horizon equities.\nHedging aims to strip out exchange-rate movement so returns track the asset in yen terms.\nHedging is not free: its cost depends largely on interest-rate differentials and implementation.\nFor foreign bonds, currency swings can dominate returns, so hedging often makes sense.\nFor long-horizon equities, some investors deliberately keep unhedged currency diversification.\nRead the fund name and policy carefully — hedged and unhedged versions often share a brand.\nHow hedging works\nAn unhedged foreign fund gives you the asset plus the exchange rate. A currency-hedged fund uses forward contracts or similar arrangements to offset most of the exchange-rate movement, so your yen return more closely reflects the asset’s performance in its own currency. The hedge is never perfect and it is not permanent — it is rolled over periodically.\nCrucially, hedging has a cost that is not a fixed fee. It depends significantly on the interest-rate differential between the yen and the foreign currency: when foreign short-term rates are much higher than Japan’s, hedging that currency tends to be more expensive. This cost is separate from, and additional to, the fund’s expense ratio.\nBonds vs equities\nThe case for hedging is strongest where currency swings can overwhelm the asset’s own return. Foreign bonds are the classic example: their expected returns are modest, so a large exchange-rate move can dominate the result. If your reason for holding foreign bonds is yen stability, an unhedged version can defeat the purpose, and a hedged version is often more consistent with the goal.\nFor equities held over decades, the picture differs. Equity returns are large and volatile enough that currency is a smaller share of total risk, and many long-horizon investors deliberately retain unhedged foreign currency as diversification — a hedge against the yen itself weakening over their lifetime. Neither choice is universally right.\nReading a fund’s hedging policy\nMany fund families offer both a hedged (為替ヘッジあり) and an unhedged (為替ヘッジなし) version of the same strategy under nearly identical names. Before buying, confirm which version you are holding, read the stated hedging policy in the prospectus, and note that the hedge ratio and cost can change.\nA simple yen-return illustration: if a foreign bond returns 3% in its currency and the yen weakens 5%, the unhedged yen return is roughly 8%, while a hedged version aims for about 3% minus hedging cost; if the yen strengthens 5% instead, unhedged is roughly −2% while hedged still targets about 3% minus cost. Same asset, very different yen outcomes.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:currency-risk-yen","guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:active-vs-passive-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"A hedged fund uses derivatives to reduce exchange-rate movement, at a cost tied to interest-rate differences; hedging is often more compelling for lower-volatility foreign bonds than for long-horizon equities, where many investors keep currency diversification.\nHow hedging works, what it costs, and why hedging often suits foreign bonds more than long-horizon equities.\nHedging aims to strip out exchange-rate movement so returns track the asset in yen terms.\nHedging is not free: its cost depends largely on interest-rate differentials and implementation.\nFor foreign bonds, currency swings can dominate returns, so hedging often makes sense.\nFor long-horizon equities, some investors deliberately keep unhedged currency diversification.\nRead the fund name and policy carefully — hedged and unhedged versions often share a brand.\nHow hedging works\nAn unhedged foreign fund gives you the asset plus the exchange rate. A currency-hedged fund uses forward contracts or similar arrangements to offset most of the exchange-rate movement, so your yen return more closely reflects the asset’s performance in its own currency. The hedge is never perfect and it is not permanent — it is rolled over periodically.\nCrucially, hedging has a cost that is not a fixed fee. It depends significantly on the interest-rate differential between the yen and the foreign currency: when foreign short-term rates are much higher than Japan’s, hedging that currency tends to be more expensive. This cost is separate from, and additional to, the fund’s expense ratio.\nBonds vs equities\nThe case for hedging is strongest where currency swings can overwhelm the asset’s own return. Foreign bonds are the classic example: their expected returns are modest, so a large exchange-rate move can dominate the result. If your reason for holding foreign bonds is yen stability, an unhedged version can defeat the purpose, and a hedged version is often more consistent with the goal.\nFor equities held over decades, the picture differs. Equity returns are large and volatile enough that currency is a smaller share of total risk, and many long-horizon investors deliberately retain unhedged foreign currency as diversification — a hedge against the yen itself weakening over their lifetime. Neither choice is universally right.\nReading a fund’s hedging policy\nMany fund families offer both a hedged (為替ヘッジあり) and an unhedged (為替ヘッジなし) version of the same strategy under nearly identical names. Before buying, confirm which version you are holding, read the stated hedging policy in the prospectus, and note that the hedge ratio and cost can change.\nA simple yen-return illustration: if a foreign bond returns 3% in its currency and the yen weakens 5%, the unhedged yen return is roughly 8%, while a hedged version aims for about 3% minus hedging cost; if the yen strengthens 5% instead, unhedged is roughly −2% while hedged still targets about 3% minus cost. Same asset, very different yen outcomes.","url":"/en/investing/currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared:en","entityId":"guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investment accounts in Japan compared","plainText":"NISA shelters qualifying gains from Japanese tax; taxable \"specified\" and \"general\" accounts hold everything else with different reporting; iDeCo and corporate pensions lock money for retirement in exchange for tax benefits. Most of these can be held at the same time.\nNISA, specified and general taxable accounts, iDeCo, corporate pensions, deposits, JGBs, and how they can combine.\nNISA: tax-free qualifying gains, ¥3.6m/year, ¥18m lifetime — usually the first account to fund.\nSpecified account with withholding: broker calculates and withholds tax; often no filing needed.\nSpecified account without withholding / general account: you file, with rising recordkeeping burden.\niDeCo: contributions generally deductible, but money is locked until retirement age.\nNISA can coexist with taxable accounts, iDeCo, corporate pensions, deposits, and JGBs.\nNISA and taxable accounts\nNISA is a tax wrapper: qualifying gains, dividends, and distributions are exempt from Japanese tax, with a ¥1.2m recurring allowance plus ¥2.4m growth allowance each year and an ¥18m lifetime acquisition-cost limit. Its trade-off is that NISA losses cannot offset taxable gains or be carried forward, and the product menu is limited.\nTaxable accounts come in three forms. A specified account with withholding (特定口座・源泉徴収あり) has the broker calculate gains and withhold Japanese tax, so a return is often unnecessary. A specified account without withholding gives you an annual report but you normally file yourself. A general account (一般口座) requires you to calculate acquisition cost and taxable gain — the highest recordkeeping burden, used for assets the specified account cannot hold.\niDeCo, corporate pensions, and deposits\niDeCo is a private defined-contribution pension: contributions are generally fully deductible from income, growth is tax-deferred, and retirement or pension deductions may apply on receipt — but the money is generally locked until eligible retirement age, minimum contributions are normally ¥5,000/month, and limits depend on employment and employer-pension coverage. Corporate DC and defined-benefit plans add employer funding and payroll integration, with employer-selected menus and withdrawal restrictions. (Scheduled changes from December 2026 broaden some iDeCo limits — verify current figures when enrolling.)\nAlongside these sit cash tools: ordinary and time deposits (insured up to ¥10m principal per bank), retail JGBs (government-backed, ¥10,000 minimum, monthly issue, early-redemption adjustment), and foreign-brokerage or robo-advisor accounts. Each has a role; none replaces an emergency fund.\nWhich accounts can combine\nMost of these coexist. A common structure is: an emergency fund in deposits; NISA funded first for flexible tax-free growth; iDeCo added when the contribution deduction is valuable and lock-up acceptable; and a taxable specified account for anything beyond NISA limits, ineligible assets, loss-sensitive strategies, or active trading. NISA itself must be held at one eligible Japanese institution.\nThink in terms of asset location: put assets you expect to grow long-term inside NISA to use the tax-free space efficiently, and place overflow, ineligible, or loss-harvesting positions in the taxable account where loss offsets are available.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investment-accounts-japan-compared","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:saving-vs-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1476.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Finance","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/jgbs/individual/kojinmuke/","official":true},{"publisher":"Deposit Insurance Corporation of Japan","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"NISA shelters qualifying gains from Japanese tax; taxable \"specified\" and \"general\" accounts hold everything else with different reporting; iDeCo and corporate pensions lock money for retirement in exchange for tax benefits. Most of these can be held at the same time.\nNISA, specified and general taxable accounts, iDeCo, corporate pensions, deposits, JGBs, and how they can combine.\nNISA: tax-free qualifying gains, ¥3.6m/year, ¥18m lifetime — usually the first account to fund.\nSpecified account with withholding: broker calculates and withholds tax; often no filing needed.\nSpecified account without withholding / general account: you file, with rising recordkeeping burden.\niDeCo: contributions generally deductible, but money is locked until retirement age.\nNISA can coexist with taxable accounts, iDeCo, corporate pensions, deposits, and JGBs.\nNISA and taxable accounts\nNISA is a tax wrapper: qualifying gains, dividends, and distributions are exempt from Japanese tax, with a ¥1.2m recurring allowance plus ¥2.4m growth allowance each year and an ¥18m lifetime acquisition-cost limit. Its trade-off is that NISA losses cannot offset taxable gains or be carried forward, and the product menu is limited.\nTaxable accounts come in three forms. A specified account with withholding (特定口座・源泉徴収あり) has the broker calculate gains and withhold Japanese tax, so a return is often unnecessary. A specified account without withholding gives you an annual report but you normally file yourself. A general account (一般口座) requires you to calculate acquisition cost and taxable gain — the highest recordkeeping burden, used for assets the specified account cannot hold.\niDeCo, corporate pensions, and deposits\niDeCo is a private defined-contribution pension: contributions are generally fully deductible from income, growth is tax-deferred, and retirement or pension deductions may apply on receipt — but the money is generally locked until eligible retirement age, minimum contributions are normally ¥5,000/month, and limits depend on employment and employer-pension coverage. Corporate DC and defined-benefit plans add employer funding and payroll integration, with employer-selected menus and withdrawal restrictions. (Scheduled changes from December 2026 broaden some iDeCo limits — verify current figures when enrolling.)\nAlongside these sit cash tools: ordinary and time deposits (insured up to ¥10m principal per bank), retail JGBs (government-backed, ¥10,000 minimum, monthly issue, early-redemption adjustment), and foreign-brokerage or robo-advisor accounts. Each has a role; none replaces an emergency fund.\nWhich accounts can combine\nMost of these coexist. A common structure is: an emergency fund in deposits; NISA funded first for flexible tax-free growth; iDeCo added when the contribution deduction is valuable and lock-up acceptable; and a taxable specified account for anything beyond NISA limits, ineligible assets, loss-sensitive strategies, or active trading. NISA itself must be held at one eligible Japanese institution.\nThink in terms of asset location: put assets you expect to grow long-term inside NISA to use the tax-free space efficiently, and place overflow, ineligible, or loss-harvesting positions in the taxable account where loss offsets are available.","url":"/en/investing/investment-accounts-japan-compared","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-investments-japan:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes on investments in Japan","plainText":"Gains and qualifying dividends on listed securities are generally taxed at 20.315% in a taxable account; a specified account with withholding settles this automatically, losses can offset gains and carry forward three years, and NISA exempts qualifying returns entirely.\nThe 20.315% rate on gains and dividends, how specified accounts work, loss carryforward, NISA exemptions, and foreign income.\nListed-securities gains and qualifying dividends are generally taxed at 20.315%.\nA specified account with withholding usually removes the need to file for those trades.\nTaxable losses can offset eligible gains/dividends and carry forward three years if you file.\nNISA exempts qualifying gains and dividends, but NISA losses give no deduction.\nForeign dividends can face source-country withholding even inside NISA; foreign tax credits need filing.\nThe rate and how accounts handle it\nIn a taxable securities account, gains on listed shares and funds and qualifying dividends are generally taxed at 20.315% (income tax, special reconstruction surtax, and local tax combined). How you pay depends on the account. A specified account with withholding (特定口座・源泉徴収あり) has the broker calculate and withhold the tax at source, so a tax return is often unnecessary for those transactions. A specified account without withholding gives you an annual transaction report to file with. A general account requires you to calculate acquisition cost and gain yourself.\nNISA sits outside this: qualifying gains, dividends, and distributions are exempt from the 20.315% Japanese tax, which is the wrapper’s central benefit.\nLosses, offsets, and carryforward\nIn taxable accounts, qualifying listed-security losses can be offset against eligible gains and dividends, and — when the required tax returns are filed — carried forward for up to three years to offset future gains. This loss relief is a genuine advantage of taxable accounts that NISA does not provide: a loss realised inside NISA gives no deduction and cannot be carried forward, so you cannot tax-loss harvest in NISA.\nIf you use multiple brokers or a general account, keeping your own acquisition-cost records matters, because offsets and carryforward depend on correct, filed figures across accounts.\nForeign income and when to file\nForeign dividends and gains can face source-country withholding in addition to Japanese tax outside NISA. For example, a US dividend may have US withholding even when received in NISA — NISA removes the Japanese tax, not the foreign one. Foreign tax credits may relieve some double taxation, but they generally require filing a Japanese return. A withholding account does not automatically solve foreign or cross-border obligations.\nEven if qualifying NISA returns need no return, other income, foreign obligations, or a wish to claim loss offsets can require filing. Declared investment income can also interact with social-insurance or dependent calculations in some cases. Keep annual transaction reports and dividend statements, and get individual advice where cross-border tax is involved.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/taxes-on-investments-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:what-is-nisa","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:compound-growth"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1474.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1476.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Gains and qualifying dividends on listed securities are generally taxed at 20.315% in a taxable account; a specified account with withholding settles this automatically, losses can offset gains and carry forward three years, and NISA exempts qualifying returns entirely.\nThe 20.315% rate on gains and dividends, how specified accounts work, loss carryforward, NISA exemptions, and foreign income.\nListed-securities gains and qualifying dividends are generally taxed at 20.315%.\nA specified account with withholding usually removes the need to file for those trades.\nTaxable losses can offset eligible gains/dividends and carry forward three years if you file.\nNISA exempts qualifying gains and dividends, but NISA losses give no deduction.\nForeign dividends can face source-country withholding even inside NISA; foreign tax credits need filing.\nThe rate and how accounts handle it\nIn a taxable securities account, gains on listed shares and funds and qualifying dividends are generally taxed at 20.315% (income tax, special reconstruction surtax, and local tax combined). How you pay depends on the account. A specified account with withholding (特定口座・源泉徴収あり) has the broker calculate and withhold the tax at source, so a tax return is often unnecessary for those transactions. A specified account without withholding gives you an annual transaction report to file with. A general account requires you to calculate acquisition cost and gain yourself.\nNISA sits outside this: qualifying gains, dividends, and distributions are exempt from the 20.315% Japanese tax, which is the wrapper’s central benefit.\nLosses, offsets, and carryforward\nIn taxable accounts, qualifying listed-security losses can be offset against eligible gains and dividends, and — when the required tax returns are filed — carried forward for up to three years to offset future gains. This loss relief is a genuine advantage of taxable accounts that NISA does not provide: a loss realised inside NISA gives no deduction and cannot be carried forward, so you cannot tax-loss harvest in NISA.\nIf you use multiple brokers or a general account, keeping your own acquisition-cost records matters, because offsets and carryforward depend on correct, filed figures across accounts.\nForeign income and when to file\nForeign dividends and gains can face source-country withholding in addition to Japanese tax outside NISA. For example, a US dividend may have US withholding even when received in NISA — NISA removes the Japanese tax, not the foreign one. Foreign tax credits may relieve some double taxation, but they generally require filing a Japanese return. A withholding account does not automatically solve foreign or cross-border obligations.\nEven if qualifying NISA returns need no return, other income, foreign obligations, or a wish to claim loss offsets can require filing. Declared investment income can also interact with social-insurance or dependent calculations in some cases. Keep annual transaction reports and dividend statements, and get individual advice where cross-border tax is involved.","url":"/en/investing/taxes-on-investments-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-as-foreign-resident:en","entityId":"guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing in Japan as a foreign resident","plainText":"A foreign national resident in Japan can generally open a brokerage account and NISA — eligibility is residence-based, not nationality-based — subject to each broker’s document, visa, and product policies; but Japanese eligibility never replaces home-country reporting.\nResidency vs nationality, opening a brokerage and NISA, documents, name matching, language, leaving Japan, and home-country obligations.\nNISA eligibility is residence-based: a qualifying Japan resident can open it regardless of nationality.\nYou generally need a residence card, My Number, and a matching Japanese bank account.\nKeep your Roman, katakana, and document names consistent to avoid rejection or failed linkage.\nConfirm English support at each stage you need it: opening, trading, tax docs, incidents, departure.\nGet the broker’s written departure procedure before leaving Japan; NISA generally cannot continue abroad.\nResidency, not nationality\nNISA and Japanese brokerage eligibility turn on being a resident, not on holding Japanese nationality. A qualifying foreign national living in Japan can open a taxable account and NISA, subject to the institution’s identity, visa, residence-card, tax-residency, sanctions, and product policies. Dual nationality by itself does not disqualify a resident, though another country may still tax the income or require reporting.\nBroker policies can be stricter than the tax statute. Some accept residence-card documentation fully online; others require postal processing for foreign nationals. Certain nationalities, sanctioned-country connections, or politically exposed status can trigger enhanced review or rejection, and these matrices are rarely published in full.\nOpening: documents and name matching\nTypical requirements are a Japan-resident address; identity evidence such as a My Number Card, residence card, driver’s licence, or passport in an accepted combination; My Number evidence; Japanese and foreign tax-residency declarations; a linked Japanese bank account in your name; and employment, insider, and source-of-funds information.\nThe single most common practical failure is name mismatch. Your Roman-letter name, katakana rendering, bank record, card, and residence card should match. Middle names, shortened forms, and different orderings across documents can cause rejection or a failed bank linkage. Also check that your residence card has enough remaining validity, since short validity can delay or prevent opening.\nLanguage, departure, and home-country tax\nConfirm English support at the exact stage you need it — opening, trading, tax documents, security incidents, and departure — not just on a marketing page. Among providers verified in the research, Interactive Brokers Japan has the strongest confirmed end-to-end English; browser translation of a Japanese broker may work technically, but the legally controlling documents and support can remain Japanese.\nBefore leaving Japan, obtain the broker’s written departure procedure. NISA generally cannot continue after you become non-resident except in specific qualifying temporary-departure cases filed in advance, and even taxable accounts may or may not be maintained depending on the broker and destination. Finally, remember that Japanese eligibility does not replace home-country reporting — citizenship-based taxation, treaty rules, or foreign-asset reporting may apply elsewhere.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investing-as-foreign-resident","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:what-is-nisa","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"A foreign national resident in Japan can generally open a brokerage account and NISA — eligibility is residence-based, not nationality-based — subject to each broker’s document, visa, and product policies; but Japanese eligibility never replaces home-country reporting.\nResidency vs nationality, opening a brokerage and NISA, documents, name matching, language, leaving Japan, and home-country obligations.\nNISA eligibility is residence-based: a qualifying Japan resident can open it regardless of nationality.\nYou generally need a residence card, My Number, and a matching Japanese bank account.\nKeep your Roman, katakana, and document names consistent to avoid rejection or failed linkage.\nConfirm English support at each stage you need it: opening, trading, tax docs, incidents, departure.\nGet the broker’s written departure procedure before leaving Japan; NISA generally cannot continue abroad.\nResidency, not nationality\nNISA and Japanese brokerage eligibility turn on being a resident, not on holding Japanese nationality. A qualifying foreign national living in Japan can open a taxable account and NISA, subject to the institution’s identity, visa, residence-card, tax-residency, sanctions, and product policies. Dual nationality by itself does not disqualify a resident, though another country may still tax the income or require reporting.\nBroker policies can be stricter than the tax statute. Some accept residence-card documentation fully online; others require postal processing for foreign nationals. Certain nationalities, sanctioned-country connections, or politically exposed status can trigger enhanced review or rejection, and these matrices are rarely published in full.\nOpening: documents and name matching\nTypical requirements are a Japan-resident address; identity evidence such as a My Number Card, residence card, driver’s licence, or passport in an accepted combination; My Number evidence; Japanese and foreign tax-residency declarations; a linked Japanese bank account in your name; and employment, insider, and source-of-funds information.\nThe single most common practical failure is name mismatch. Your Roman-letter name, katakana rendering, bank record, card, and residence card should match. Middle names, shortened forms, and different orderings across documents can cause rejection or a failed bank linkage. Also check that your residence card has enough remaining validity, since short validity can delay or prevent opening.\nLanguage, departure, and home-country tax\nConfirm English support at the exact stage you need it — opening, trading, tax documents, security incidents, and departure — not just on a marketing page. Among providers verified in the research, Interactive Brokers Japan has the strongest confirmed end-to-end English; browser translation of a Japanese broker may work technically, but the legally controlling documents and support can remain Japanese.\nBefore leaving Japan, obtain the broker’s written departure procedure. NISA generally cannot continue after you become non-resident except in specific qualifying temporary-departure cases filed in advance, and even taxable accounts may or may not be maintained depending on the broker and destination. Finally, remember that Japanese eligibility does not replace home-country reporting — citizenship-based taxation, treaty rules, or foreign-asset reporting may apply elsewhere.","url":"/en/investing/investing-as-foreign-resident","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan:en","entityId":"guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing in Japan as a US citizen or taxpayer","plainText":"US citizens and resident aliens are taxed on worldwide income, so NISA gives no US exemption, and popular Japanese mutual funds can trigger punitive PFIC rules and Form 8621; NISA and brokerage accounts may also be reportable on FBAR and Form 8938. Get cross-border advice before buying a Japanese fund.\nWhy NISA is not a US exemption, the PFIC problem with Japanese funds, FBAR and Form 8938, and a practical order of operations.\nThe US taxes citizens and green-card holders on worldwide income, even while resident in Japan.\nNISA is a Japanese statutory exemption, not a provision of the US tax code — no automatic US exemption.\nJapanese mutual funds can be PFICs, potentially requiring a Form 8621 per fund and punitive taxation.\nFBAR is required when aggregate foreign accounts exceed US$10,000; Form 8938 is separate with its own thresholds.\nMany US persons find US-domiciled ETFs simpler than Japanese funds — but only after individual advice.\nWorldwide taxation and NISA\nA US citizen or resident alien generally reports worldwide income to the United States even while living in Japan. NISA is a Japanese statutory exemption, not a provision of the US Internal Revenue Code, so dividends, gains, and distributions inside NISA can still be reportable and taxable in the US. US reporting can apply whether or not you withdraw the money, and the foreign earned income exclusion generally covers earned income, not ordinary investment income.\nThis does not automatically make NISA worthless for a US person — it can still remove Japanese tax — but its US treatment depends heavily on what you hold inside it, which is where the real complications begin.\nThe PFIC problem with Japanese funds\nA Japanese-domiciled mutual fund can be a Passive Foreign Investment Company (PFIC) because it is a foreign corporation earning mostly passive income or holding passive assets. A US shareholder may need a separate Form 8621 for each such fund, and punitive \"excess distribution\" taxation or complex elections can apply. Not every foreign investment is a PFIC — operating-company shares generally are not — but popular Japanese index funds should be presumed to require analysis rather than presumed safe.\nA Japan-listed ETF has no universal answer either; many non-US fund vehicles warrant PFIC analysis. The practical consequence is that buying a low-cost Japanese mutual fund — the standard beginner move — can be exactly the wrong first step for a US person without advice.\nFBAR, Form 8938, and an order of operations\nTwo reporting regimes commonly apply. FBAR (FinCEN Report 114) is required when a US person’s aggregate foreign financial accounts exceed US$10,000 at any time in the year; Japanese bank, brokerage, and certain fund accounts, including NISA, can count. Form 8938 is a separate FATCA filing with different thresholds and definitions — filing one does not replace the other, and filing does not by itself mean tax is due.\nA practical US-person hierarchy: (1) confirm the broker accepts US persons — some, such as Rakuten, restrict foreign-stock trading for them; (2) do not buy a Japanese mutual fund until PFIC treatment is reviewed; (3) consider whether permitted US-domiciled ETFs or individual securities are simpler and appropriate; (4) review Japan tax, US tax, foreign tax credits, withholding, FBAR, Form 8938, estate tax, and state residence; (5) keep statements in both yen and US-dollar terms. The safest first step is a cross-border product and reporting review before buying anything.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/us-taxpayers-investing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:what-is-nisa","guide:currency-risk-yen"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-8621","official":true},{"publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations/do-i-need-to-file-form-8938-statement-of-specified-foreign-financial-assets","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN)","url":"https://www.fincen.gov/report-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"US citizens and resident aliens are taxed on worldwide income, so NISA gives no US exemption, and popular Japanese mutual funds can trigger punitive PFIC rules and Form 8621; NISA and brokerage accounts may also be reportable on FBAR and Form 8938. Get cross-border advice before buying a Japanese fund.\nWhy NISA is not a US exemption, the PFIC problem with Japanese funds, FBAR and Form 8938, and a practical order of operations.\nThe US taxes citizens and green-card holders on worldwide income, even while resident in Japan.\nNISA is a Japanese statutory exemption, not a provision of the US tax code — no automatic US exemption.\nJapanese mutual funds can be PFICs, potentially requiring a Form 8621 per fund and punitive taxation.\nFBAR is required when aggregate foreign accounts exceed US$10,000; Form 8938 is separate with its own thresholds.\nMany US persons find US-domiciled ETFs simpler than Japanese funds — but only after individual advice.\nWorldwide taxation and NISA\nA US citizen or resident alien generally reports worldwide income to the United States even while living in Japan. NISA is a Japanese statutory exemption, not a provision of the US Internal Revenue Code, so dividends, gains, and distributions inside NISA can still be reportable and taxable in the US. US reporting can apply whether or not you withdraw the money, and the foreign earned income exclusion generally covers earned income, not ordinary investment income.\nThis does not automatically make NISA worthless for a US person — it can still remove Japanese tax — but its US treatment depends heavily on what you hold inside it, which is where the real complications begin.\nThe PFIC problem with Japanese funds\nA Japanese-domiciled mutual fund can be a Passive Foreign Investment Company (PFIC) because it is a foreign corporation earning mostly passive income or holding passive assets. A US shareholder may need a separate Form 8621 for each such fund, and punitive \"excess distribution\" taxation or complex elections can apply. Not every foreign investment is a PFIC — operating-company shares generally are not — but popular Japanese index funds should be presumed to require analysis rather than presumed safe.\nA Japan-listed ETF has no universal answer either; many non-US fund vehicles warrant PFIC analysis. The practical consequence is that buying a low-cost Japanese mutual fund — the standard beginner move — can be exactly the wrong first step for a US person without advice.\nFBAR, Form 8938, and an order of operations\nTwo reporting regimes commonly apply. FBAR (FinCEN Report 114) is required when a US person’s aggregate foreign financial accounts exceed US$10,000 at any time in the year; Japanese bank, brokerage, and certain fund accounts, including NISA, can count. Form 8938 is a separate FATCA filing with different thresholds and definitions — filing one does not replace the other, and filing does not by itself mean tax is due.\nA practical US-person hierarchy: (1) confirm the broker accepts US persons — some, such as Rakuten, restrict foreign-stock trading for them; (2) do not buy a Japanese mutual fund until PFIC treatment is reviewed; (3) consider whether permitted US-domiciled ETFs or individual securities are simpler and appropriate; (4) review Japan tax, US tax, foreign tax credits, withholding, FBAR, Form 8938, estate tax, and state residence; (5) keep statements in both yen and US-dollar terms. The safest first step is a cross-border product and reporting review before buying anything.","url":"/en/investing/us-taxpayers-investing-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-complete-guide:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-complete-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA: the complete guide","plainText":"NISA is a Japanese tax wrapper — not a product or a guarantee — that exempts qualifying gains and dividends from Japanese tax, with a ¥1.2m recurring plus ¥2.4m growth allowance each year and an ¥18m lifetime acquisition-cost limit.\nWhat NISA is and is not, eligibility, both allowances, limits, eligible products, tax treatment, selling and reuse, dividends, and leaving Japan.\nNISA is a tax wrapper, not an investment; what you hold inside determines your risk.\nA Japan resident aged 18+ on January 1 may use one NISA institution per year.\nAnnual: ¥1.2m recurring + ¥2.4m growth (¥3.6m combined). Lifetime: ¥18m acquisition cost (¥12m growth sub-limit).\nQualifying gains and dividends are tax-free indefinitely; NISA losses give no deduction and no carryforward.\nSelling restores lifetime capacity (at acquisition cost) from the next year — but not that year’s used annual allowance.\nWhat NISA is and is not\nNISA (Nippon Individual Savings Account) is a statutory tax-exempt wrapper administered under FSA rules. It is not an investment product, not a savings account, and not a return guarantee — investments held inside it can and do lose money. Its single benefit is that qualifying gains, dividends, and distributions are exempt from the usual 20.315% Japanese tax, with an indefinite tax-free holding period.\nEligibility is residence-based: a Japan resident (or qualifying resident with a permanent establishment) who is at least 18 on January 1 of the account year may open one. Only one NISA institution can receive new purchases in a given year, though you may generally change institutions by year.\nThe two allowances and limits\nNISA has two allowances you can use together. The recurring-investment allowance (つみたて投資枠) is up to ¥1.2m per year, limited to specified long-term, diversified investment trusts and qualifying ETFs on the FSA list. The growth-investment allowance (成長投資枠) is up to ¥2.4m per year for a wider range — eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and funds. Combined, the annual maximum is ¥3.6m.\nThe lifetime limit is ¥18m measured at acquisition cost, of which no more than ¥12m can be growth-allowance holdings. Crucially, allowance usage is measured by what you paid, not by current market value: a ¥1m purchase that rises to ¥1.6m still uses only ¥1m of lifetime capacity. Unused annual allowance does not carry forward.\nSelling, dividends, and leaving Japan\nWhen you sell a NISA holding, its acquisition cost is restored to your lifetime capacity from the following calendar year — not immediately, and the annual allowance you already used that year is not refreshed. A ¥1m purchase sold for ¥1.6m restores ¥1m (the cost), not ¥1.6m; a ¥1m purchase sold for ¥600k also restores ¥1m, and the ¥400k loss gives no deduction because it occurred inside NISA.\nFor listed shares, ETFs, and REITs, tax-free dividends generally require the proportional allocation method (株式数比例配分方式) so payment lands in the brokerage account; receiving via bank or warrant can trigger 20.315% withholding despite NISA. Foreign dividends may still face source-country withholding. And if you leave Japan, NISA generally cannot continue except in specific qualifying temporary-departure cases filed in advance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-complete-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan","faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:nisa-dividends","guide:nisa-when-not-first"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"NISA is a Japanese tax wrapper — not a product or a guarantee — that exempts qualifying gains and dividends from Japanese tax, with a ¥1.2m recurring plus ¥2.4m growth allowance each year and an ¥18m lifetime acquisition-cost limit.\nWhat NISA is and is not, eligibility, both allowances, limits, eligible products, tax treatment, selling and reuse, dividends, and leaving Japan.\nNISA is a tax wrapper, not an investment; what you hold inside determines your risk.\nA Japan resident aged 18+ on January 1 may use one NISA institution per year.\nAnnual: ¥1.2m recurring + ¥2.4m growth (¥3.6m combined). Lifetime: ¥18m acquisition cost (¥12m growth sub-limit).\nQualifying gains and dividends are tax-free indefinitely; NISA losses give no deduction and no carryforward.\nSelling restores lifetime capacity (at acquisition cost) from the next year — but not that year’s used annual allowance.\nWhat NISA is and is not\nNISA (Nippon Individual Savings Account) is a statutory tax-exempt wrapper administered under FSA rules. It is not an investment product, not a savings account, and not a return guarantee — investments held inside it can and do lose money. Its single benefit is that qualifying gains, dividends, and distributions are exempt from the usual 20.315% Japanese tax, with an indefinite tax-free holding period.\nEligibility is residence-based: a Japan resident (or qualifying resident with a permanent establishment) who is at least 18 on January 1 of the account year may open one. Only one NISA institution can receive new purchases in a given year, though you may generally change institutions by year.\nThe two allowances and limits\nNISA has two allowances you can use together. The recurring-investment allowance (つみたて投資枠) is up to ¥1.2m per year, limited to specified long-term, diversified investment trusts and qualifying ETFs on the FSA list. The growth-investment allowance (成長投資枠) is up to ¥2.4m per year for a wider range — eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and funds. Combined, the annual maximum is ¥3.6m.\nThe lifetime limit is ¥18m measured at acquisition cost, of which no more than ¥12m can be growth-allowance holdings. Crucially, allowance usage is measured by what you paid, not by current market value: a ¥1m purchase that rises to ¥1.6m still uses only ¥1m of lifetime capacity. Unused annual allowance does not carry forward.\nSelling, dividends, and leaving Japan\nWhen you sell a NISA holding, its acquisition cost is restored to your lifetime capacity from the following calendar year — not immediately, and the annual allowance you already used that year is not refreshed. A ¥1m purchase sold for ¥1.6m restores ¥1m (the cost), not ¥1.6m; a ¥1m purchase sold for ¥600k also restores ¥1m, and the ¥400k loss gives no deduction because it occurred inside NISA.\nFor listed shares, ETFs, and REITs, tax-free dividends generally require the proportional allocation method (株式数比例配分方式) so payment lands in the brokerage account; receiving via bank or warrant can trigger 20.315% withholding despite NISA. Foreign dividends may still face source-country withholding. And if you leave Japan, NISA generally cannot continue except in specific qualifying temporary-departure cases filed in advance.","url":"/en/investing/nisa-complete-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How NISA limits and allowances work","plainText":"You can invest up to ¥1.2m/year through the recurring allowance and ¥2.4m/year through the growth allowance (¥3.6m combined), up to an ¥18m lifetime limit measured at acquisition cost — so investment gains never consume extra capacity.\nThe recurring and growth allowances, the combined annual cap, the lifetime acquisition-cost limit, and why gains do not consume capacity.\nRecurring allowance: up to ¥1.2m/year for FSA-listed long-term diversified funds and qualifying ETFs.\nGrowth allowance: up to ¥2.4m/year for eligible shares, REITs, ETFs, and funds.\nCombined annual maximum ¥3.6m; unused annual allowance does not carry forward.\nLifetime limit ¥18m at acquisition cost, with a ¥12m growth sub-limit.\nCapacity is measured by what you paid, so gains and losses do not change how much room you have used.\nThe two allowances\nThe recurring-investment allowance (つみたて投資枠) is designed for steady, long-term accumulation: up to ¥1.2m per calendar year, restricted to the funds and qualifying ETFs on the FSA’s screened list of low-cost, diversified, long-term products. It translates to ¥100,000 per month if you spread it evenly, though bonus-month settings let you weight it differently.\nThe growth-investment allowance (成長投資枠) is broader: up to ¥2.4m per year, usable for eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and a wider set of funds — but excluding designated supervisory/liquidation stocks, funds with terms shorter than 20 years, monthly-distribution funds, and certain derivative-heavy funds. You can use both allowances in the same year, and the same qualifying fund can sometimes be bought under either.\nFilling the lifetime limit — a five-year example\nIf you maximise both allowances, cumulative acquisition cost climbs ¥3.6m per year: ¥3.6m after year one, ¥7.2m after two, ¥10.8m after three, ¥14.4m after four, and ¥18.0m after five — at which point lifetime capacity is full. The market value at that point may be above or below ¥18m, but the statutory measure is always acquisition cost.\nMost people never contribute this fast; the point is simply that lifetime room fills based on what you invest, not what it grows to. Unused annual allowance from a slow year is lost — it does not carry into next year — but your lifetime room is unaffected until you actually use it.\nWhy gains do not consume capacity\nBecause usage is measured at acquisition cost, a rising investment never eats extra room. Buy a fund for ¥1m and watch it grow to ¥1.6m: your lifetime usage stays ¥1m, and the entire ¥600k gain sits inside the wrapper tax-free. This is the mechanism that makes NISA valuable for assets you expect to grow.\nThe mirror image also holds: a loss does not free up more room than you put in. If you sell that ¥1m purchase for ¥600k, next-year restoration is ¥1m (the cost), and the loss is not deductible. This is why NISA suits growth assets, while loss-sensitive strategies belong in a taxable account where offsets exist.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-limits-and-allowances","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:what-is-nisa"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"You can invest up to ¥1.2m/year through the recurring allowance and ¥2.4m/year through the growth allowance (¥3.6m combined), up to an ¥18m lifetime limit measured at acquisition cost — so investment gains never consume extra capacity.\nThe recurring and growth allowances, the combined annual cap, the lifetime acquisition-cost limit, and why gains do not consume capacity.\nRecurring allowance: up to ¥1.2m/year for FSA-listed long-term diversified funds and qualifying ETFs.\nGrowth allowance: up to ¥2.4m/year for eligible shares, REITs, ETFs, and funds.\nCombined annual maximum ¥3.6m; unused annual allowance does not carry forward.\nLifetime limit ¥18m at acquisition cost, with a ¥12m growth sub-limit.\nCapacity is measured by what you paid, so gains and losses do not change how much room you have used.\nThe two allowances\nThe recurring-investment allowance (つみたて投資枠) is designed for steady, long-term accumulation: up to ¥1.2m per calendar year, restricted to the funds and qualifying ETFs on the FSA’s screened list of low-cost, diversified, long-term products. It translates to ¥100,000 per month if you spread it evenly, though bonus-month settings let you weight it differently.\nThe growth-investment allowance (成長投資枠) is broader: up to ¥2.4m per year, usable for eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and a wider set of funds — but excluding designated supervisory/liquidation stocks, funds with terms shorter than 20 years, monthly-distribution funds, and certain derivative-heavy funds. You can use both allowances in the same year, and the same qualifying fund can sometimes be bought under either.\nFilling the lifetime limit — a five-year example\nIf you maximise both allowances, cumulative acquisition cost climbs ¥3.6m per year: ¥3.6m after year one, ¥7.2m after two, ¥10.8m after three, ¥14.4m after four, and ¥18.0m after five — at which point lifetime capacity is full. The market value at that point may be above or below ¥18m, but the statutory measure is always acquisition cost.\nMost people never contribute this fast; the point is simply that lifetime room fills based on what you invest, not what it grows to. Unused annual allowance from a slow year is lost — it does not carry into next year — but your lifetime room is unaffected until you actually use it.\nWhy gains do not consume capacity\nBecause usage is measured at acquisition cost, a rising investment never eats extra room. Buy a fund for ¥1m and watch it grow to ¥1.6m: your lifetime usage stays ¥1m, and the entire ¥600k gain sits inside the wrapper tax-free. This is the mechanism that makes NISA valuable for assets you expect to grow.\nThe mirror image also holds: a loss does not free up more room than you put in. If you sell that ¥1m purchase for ¥600k, next-year restoration is ¥1m (the cost), and the loss is not deductible. This is why NISA suits growth assets, while loss-sensitive strategies belong in a taxable account where offsets exist.","url":"/en/investing/nisa-limits-and-allowances","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-eligible-investments:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-eligible-investments","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What can you buy in NISA?","plainText":"The recurring allowance is limited to FSA-listed long-term diversified funds and qualifying ETFs; the growth allowance adds eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and funds — but deposits, ordinary bonds, margin, and certain fund structures are excluded. Confirm eligibility by exact fund name at the FSA list and your broker.\nWhich funds, stocks, ETFs, and REITs qualify under each allowance, what is excluded, and how to confirm exact eligibility.\nRecurring allowance: only FSA-screened long-term, diversified funds and qualifying ETFs.\nGrowth allowance: eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and a wider set of funds.\nExcluded from NISA: deposits, ordinary government/corporate bonds, and margin trading.\nAlso excluded from growth: supervisory/liquidation stocks, <20-year funds, monthly-distribution and derivative-heavy funds.\nAvailability is broker-specific; confirm the exact fund name and share class at the FSA list and your broker.\nThe recurring allowance universe\nThe recurring-investment allowance deliberately restricts choice to encourage low-cost, long-term, diversified investing. Eligible products are the investment trusts and qualifying ETFs the FSA has screened onto its published list — broadly, funds with reasonable costs, wide diversification, and long-term structures. As of the FSA’s recent classification the eligible universe held hundreds of funds and a small number of qualifying ETFs, with low average expense ratios among index products.\nBecause the list is curated for suitability, a beginner can reasonably pick a single broad global-equity index fund from it and be confident it meets basic long-term standards. But the list changes, so check the current version.\nThe growth allowance and exclusions\nThe growth-investment allowance opens the door to individual eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and a broader set of investment trusts. This is where you would buy a specific Japanese or (broker-permitting) foreign stock, a J-REIT, or a fund not on the recurring list.\nSeveral things are excluded to keep NISA aligned with long-term investing: designated supervisory or liquidation stocks, investment trusts with terms shorter than 20 years, monthly-distribution funds, and certain derivative-heavy funds. Across both allowances, ordinary deposits, government and corporate bonds, and margin purchases are outside NISA entirely.\nHow to confirm exact eligibility\nEligibility is specific and can differ by broker, so never assume. Two products with similar names can differ in eligibility, and a fund can be offered by one broker in NISA but not another. NISA eligibility for a foreign ETF is not automatic just because it is exchange-listed.\nTo confirm, match the exact fund name and share class against the FSA’s current list, then check that your chosen broker actually offers it inside the intended allowance. If you are a US taxpayer, add a separate step: a Japanese fund’s Japanese eligibility says nothing about its US (PFIC) treatment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-eligible-investments","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"The recurring allowance is limited to FSA-listed long-term diversified funds and qualifying ETFs; the growth allowance adds eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and funds — but deposits, ordinary bonds, margin, and certain fund structures are excluded. Confirm eligibility by exact fund name at the FSA list and your broker.\nWhich funds, stocks, ETFs, and REITs qualify under each allowance, what is excluded, and how to confirm exact eligibility.\nRecurring allowance: only FSA-screened long-term, diversified funds and qualifying ETFs.\nGrowth allowance: eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and a wider set of funds.\nExcluded from NISA: deposits, ordinary government/corporate bonds, and margin trading.\nAlso excluded from growth: supervisory/liquidation stocks, <20-year funds, monthly-distribution and derivative-heavy funds.\nAvailability is broker-specific; confirm the exact fund name and share class at the FSA list and your broker.\nThe recurring allowance universe\nThe recurring-investment allowance deliberately restricts choice to encourage low-cost, long-term, diversified investing. Eligible products are the investment trusts and qualifying ETFs the FSA has screened onto its published list — broadly, funds with reasonable costs, wide diversification, and long-term structures. As of the FSA’s recent classification the eligible universe held hundreds of funds and a small number of qualifying ETFs, with low average expense ratios among index products.\nBecause the list is curated for suitability, a beginner can reasonably pick a single broad global-equity index fund from it and be confident it meets basic long-term standards. But the list changes, so check the current version.\nThe growth allowance and exclusions\nThe growth-investment allowance opens the door to individual eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and a broader set of investment trusts. This is where you would buy a specific Japanese or (broker-permitting) foreign stock, a J-REIT, or a fund not on the recurring list.\nSeveral things are excluded to keep NISA aligned with long-term investing: designated supervisory or liquidation stocks, investment trusts with terms shorter than 20 years, monthly-distribution funds, and certain derivative-heavy funds. Across both allowances, ordinary deposits, government and corporate bonds, and margin purchases are outside NISA entirely.\nHow to confirm exact eligibility\nEligibility is specific and can differ by broker, so never assume. Two products with similar names can differ in eligibility, and a fund can be offered by one broker in NISA but not another. NISA eligibility for a foreign ETF is not automatic just because it is exchange-listed.\nTo confirm, match the exact fund name and share class against the FSA’s current list, then check that your chosen broker actually offers it inside the intended allowance. If you are a US taxpayer, add a separate step: a Japanese fund’s Japanese eligibility says nothing about its US (PFIC) treatment.","url":"/en/investing/nisa-eligible-investments","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-dividends:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-dividends","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA dividends and distributions","plainText":"For listed shares, ETFs, and REITs, NISA dividend exemption generally requires the proportional allocation method so the payment lands in your brokerage account; receiving via bank or warrant can trigger 20.315% withholding despite NISA, and foreign dividends can still face source-country tax.\nThe proportional allocation method for shares/ETFs/REITs, fund distributions, foreign withholding, and why some NISA dividends can still be taxed.\nChoose the proportional allocation method (株式数比例配分方式) to receive share/ETF/REIT dividends tax-free in NISA.\nReceiving dividends by bank transfer or warrant can cause 20.315% withholding even inside NISA.\nA later tax return cannot convert wrongly-received dividends into NISA-exempt income.\nInvestment-trust ordinary distributions in NISA are exempt without that separate election.\nForeign (e.g. US) dividends can still carry source-country withholding that NISA does not remove.\nThe proportional allocation method\nFor listed Japanese shares, ETFs, and REITs held in NISA, tax-free treatment of dividends generally requires the proportional allocation method — kabushiki-sū hirei haibun hōshiki (株式数比例配分方式) — under which the dividend is paid directly into your brokerage account in proportion to shares held. This receipt method is a setting you choose at the broker, and it must be in place for the NISA exemption to apply.\nIf instead you receive the dividend through a bank account, the post office, or a dividend warrant, it can be subject to the usual 20.315% withholding even though the security sits in NISA. Worse, a later tax return cannot retroactively convert that payment into NISA-exempt income — so the receipt setting must be correct before the dividend is paid.\nFund distributions and special distributions\nInvestment trusts work differently. Ordinary distributions from investment trusts held in NISA are exempt without the separate proportional-allocation election that shares require, because the payment flows through the fund and account structure. This is one reason accumulation-oriented index funds are simple to hold in NISA.\nA special distribution (a return of capital, sometimes called a \"special dividend\") is not taxable in the first place — it is treated as a repayment of your invested principal rather than income — so it does not gain any extra NISA benefit. Watching for these matters mainly for high-distribution funds, where a headline payout may partly be your own money returned.\nForeign dividends and withholding\nNISA removes applicable Japanese tax, not foreign tax. Foreign shares can be held in the growth allowance when your broker supports them and the security is eligible, but source-country withholding can remain. A US dividend, for example, may still have US withholding even when received in NISA — and because there is no Japanese tax on that NISA income, the usual foreign-tax-credit mechanics may not recover it.\nThe availability of foreign stocks and ETFs is broker-specific, and US taxpayers face separate US reporting on the same income. If foreign dividend income is central to your plan, model the after-withholding result rather than assuming NISA makes it entirely tax-free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-dividends","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"For listed shares, ETFs, and REITs, NISA dividend exemption generally requires the proportional allocation method so the payment lands in your brokerage account; receiving via bank or warrant can trigger 20.315% withholding despite NISA, and foreign dividends can still face source-country tax.\nThe proportional allocation method for shares/ETFs/REITs, fund distributions, foreign withholding, and why some NISA dividends can still be taxed.\nChoose the proportional allocation method (株式数比例配分方式) to receive share/ETF/REIT dividends tax-free in NISA.\nReceiving dividends by bank transfer or warrant can cause 20.315% withholding even inside NISA.\nA later tax return cannot convert wrongly-received dividends into NISA-exempt income.\nInvestment-trust ordinary distributions in NISA are exempt without that separate election.\nForeign (e.g. US) dividends can still carry source-country withholding that NISA does not remove.\nThe proportional allocation method\nFor listed Japanese shares, ETFs, and REITs held in NISA, tax-free treatment of dividends generally requires the proportional allocation method — kabushiki-sū hirei haibun hōshiki (株式数比例配分方式) — under which the dividend is paid directly into your brokerage account in proportion to shares held. This receipt method is a setting you choose at the broker, and it must be in place for the NISA exemption to apply.\nIf instead you receive the dividend through a bank account, the post office, or a dividend warrant, it can be subject to the usual 20.315% withholding even though the security sits in NISA. Worse, a later tax return cannot retroactively convert that payment into NISA-exempt income — so the receipt setting must be correct before the dividend is paid.\nFund distributions and special distributions\nInvestment trusts work differently. Ordinary distributions from investment trusts held in NISA are exempt without the separate proportional-allocation election that shares require, because the payment flows through the fund and account structure. This is one reason accumulation-oriented index funds are simple to hold in NISA.\nA special distribution (a return of capital, sometimes called a \"special dividend\") is not taxable in the first place — it is treated as a repayment of your invested principal rather than income — so it does not gain any extra NISA benefit. Watching for these matters mainly for high-distribution funds, where a headline payout may partly be your own money returned.\nForeign dividends and withholding\nNISA removes applicable Japanese tax, not foreign tax. Foreign shares can be held in the growth allowance when your broker supports them and the security is eligible, but source-country withholding can remain. A US dividend, for example, may still have US withholding even when received in NISA — and because there is no Japanese tax on that NISA income, the usual foreign-tax-credit mechanics may not recover it.\nThe availability of foreign stocks and ETFs is broker-specific, and US taxpayers face separate US reporting on the same income. If foreign dividend income is central to your plan, model the after-withholding result rather than assuming NISA makes it entirely tax-free.","url":"/en/investing/nisa-dividends","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Selling in NISA and reusing the allowance","plainText":"You can sell NISA holdings any time; selling restores the acquisition cost to your lifetime capacity from the next calendar year, but the annual allowance you already used that year is not restored.\nWhen you can sell, what selling does to annual vs lifetime capacity, and how next-year restoration works with worked examples.\nNISA holdings can be sold whenever the market allows; there is no lock-up.\nSelling restores lifetime capacity at acquisition cost — from the following calendar year, not immediately.\nThe annual allowance you already used in the sale year is not refreshed by selling.\nA gain restores only the cost, not the higher value; a loss also restores only the cost and is not deductible.\nRebalancing inside NISA is possible but consumes annual allowance when you rebuy.\nWhen you can sell\nNISA has no minimum holding period. You can sell whenever the market and the product’s order rules allow — subject to liquidity and, for funds, the once-daily net-asset-value order timing. Withdrawal then follows normal settlement, so the cash reaches you a few business days after execution.\nThat flexibility is a key contrast with iDeCo, whose funds are generally locked until retirement age. But flexibility is not a reason to trade frequently: the value of NISA compounds when qualifying gains are left to grow tax-free, and unnecessary selling can waste annual allowance you cannot get back.\nWhat selling does to capacity\nTwo capacities move differently. Lifetime capacity is restored at the sold holding’s acquisition cost — but only from the following calendar year. Annual capacity that you already used in the sale year is not restored at all. So selling in March does not let you re-invest that year’s used allowance again in the same year.\nWorked examples: buy a fund for ¥1m, it rises to ¥1.6m, you sell — from next year your lifetime room increases by ¥1m (the cost), not ¥1.6m. Buy for ¥1m, it falls to ¥600k, you sell — restoration is still ¥1m, and the ¥400k loss gives no deduction. If you had already used the full ¥2.4m growth allowance in January and sold in March, you still cannot buy another ¥2.4m under that year’s growth allowance.\nRebalancing inside NISA\nYou can rebalance within NISA — sell an over-weighted holding and buy an under-weighted one — but the repurchase consumes annual allowance, and the restored lifetime room only returns next year. Because of this, the tax-efficient way to rebalance is usually to direct new contributions toward the under-weighted asset rather than selling, wherever your contribution capacity allows.\nReserve outright selling-and-rebuying for cases where new contributions cannot correct a large drift, or where you genuinely want out of a holding. Plan any year-end selling with your provider’s deadlines in mind, since restored capacity and institution rules operate on a calendar-year basis.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-selling-and-reuse","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:nisa-common-mistakes","guide:what-is-nisa"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"You can sell NISA holdings any time; selling restores the acquisition cost to your lifetime capacity from the next calendar year, but the annual allowance you already used that year is not restored.\nWhen you can sell, what selling does to annual vs lifetime capacity, and how next-year restoration works with worked examples.\nNISA holdings can be sold whenever the market allows; there is no lock-up.\nSelling restores lifetime capacity at acquisition cost — from the following calendar year, not immediately.\nThe annual allowance you already used in the sale year is not refreshed by selling.\nA gain restores only the cost, not the higher value; a loss also restores only the cost and is not deductible.\nRebalancing inside NISA is possible but consumes annual allowance when you rebuy.\nWhen you can sell\nNISA has no minimum holding period. You can sell whenever the market and the product’s order rules allow — subject to liquidity and, for funds, the once-daily net-asset-value order timing. Withdrawal then follows normal settlement, so the cash reaches you a few business days after execution.\nThat flexibility is a key contrast with iDeCo, whose funds are generally locked until retirement age. But flexibility is not a reason to trade frequently: the value of NISA compounds when qualifying gains are left to grow tax-free, and unnecessary selling can waste annual allowance you cannot get back.\nWhat selling does to capacity\nTwo capacities move differently. Lifetime capacity is restored at the sold holding’s acquisition cost — but only from the following calendar year. Annual capacity that you already used in the sale year is not restored at all. So selling in March does not let you re-invest that year’s used allowance again in the same year.\nWorked examples: buy a fund for ¥1m, it rises to ¥1.6m, you sell — from next year your lifetime room increases by ¥1m (the cost), not ¥1.6m. Buy for ¥1m, it falls to ¥600k, you sell — restoration is still ¥1m, and the ¥400k loss gives no deduction. If you had already used the full ¥2.4m growth allowance in January and sold in March, you still cannot buy another ¥2.4m under that year’s growth allowance.\nRebalancing inside NISA\nYou can rebalance within NISA — sell an over-weighted holding and buy an under-weighted one — but the repurchase consumes annual allowance, and the restored lifetime room only returns next year. Because of this, the tax-efficient way to rebalance is usually to direct new contributions toward the under-weighted asset rather than selling, wherever your contribution capacity allows.\nReserve outright selling-and-rebuying for cases where new contributions cannot correct a large drift, or where you genuinely want out of a holding. Plan any year-end selling with your provider’s deadlines in mind, since restored capacity and institution rules operate on a calendar-year basis.","url":"/en/investing/nisa-selling-and-reuse","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-old-vs-current:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-old-vs-current","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Old NISA vs current NISA","plainText":"Legacy NISA holdings keep their own tax-free periods and sit outside the ¥18m limit; they cannot be rolled into the current system, so when a legacy period ends you generally sell or let the holding move to a taxable account.\nHow pre-2024 General, Tsumitate, and Junior NISA legacy assets are treated, and why they cannot roll into the current system.\nGeneral NISA, Tsumitate NISA, and Junior NISA are pre-2024 systems with their own tax-free periods.\nLegacy assets sit outside the ¥18m current-NISA lifetime limit.\nLegacy holdings cannot be rolled directly into the 2024 system.\nWhen a legacy tax-free period ends, you generally sell or the holding moves to a taxable account.\nSelling and repurchasing in current NISA is a new acquisition using current allowance.\nThe legacy systems\nBefore the 2024 renewal, three separate systems existed: General NISA, Tsumitate NISA, and Junior NISA. Holdings acquired under them remain governed by their original legacy tax-free periods and sit entirely outside the current ¥18m lifetime limit. In other words, a legacy holding does not reduce your current-NISA lifetime room, and your current-NISA contributions do not affect the legacy holding.\nThis separation means many people hold both: legacy assets running out their original tax-free windows, and current NISA being funded fresh under the 2024 rules.\nNo rollover into current NISA\nLegacy assets cannot be rolled directly into the 2024 system — there is no bridge that moves a General or Tsumitate NISA holding into current-NISA lifetime capacity while preserving its status. When a legacy tax-free period ends, the investor generally must sell the holding or let it move to a taxable account under the applicable rules, after which future gains are taxable.\nIf you want the same exposure inside current NISA, you would sell (or let the legacy period lapse) and make a new qualifying purchase in current NISA. That repurchase is a brand-new acquisition that uses current annual and lifetime allowance.\nPlanning and recordkeeping\nBecause selling and repurchasing resets your entry price and uses current allowance, it also introduces market-timing and transaction-cost risk — you might sell and rebuy at a worse price, and you consume current-NISA room you could have used for new money. There is no universally right answer; it depends on the legacy period’s end date, your current allowance headroom, and your view of the holding.\nKeep clear records of each legacy holding’s system, acquisition details, and tax-free end date, separate from your current NISA. Do not assume a broker statement will forever distinguish them for you, especially if you change institutions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-old-vs-current","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Legacy NISA holdings keep their own tax-free periods and sit outside the ¥18m limit; they cannot be rolled into the current system, so when a legacy period ends you generally sell or let the holding move to a taxable account.\nHow pre-2024 General, Tsumitate, and Junior NISA legacy assets are treated, and why they cannot roll into the current system.\nGeneral NISA, Tsumitate NISA, and Junior NISA are pre-2024 systems with their own tax-free periods.\nLegacy assets sit outside the ¥18m current-NISA lifetime limit.\nLegacy holdings cannot be rolled directly into the 2024 system.\nWhen a legacy tax-free period ends, you generally sell or the holding moves to a taxable account.\nSelling and repurchasing in current NISA is a new acquisition using current allowance.\nThe legacy systems\nBefore the 2024 renewal, three separate systems existed: General NISA, Tsumitate NISA, and Junior NISA. Holdings acquired under them remain governed by their original legacy tax-free periods and sit entirely outside the current ¥18m lifetime limit. In other words, a legacy holding does not reduce your current-NISA lifetime room, and your current-NISA contributions do not affect the legacy holding.\nThis separation means many people hold both: legacy assets running out their original tax-free windows, and current NISA being funded fresh under the 2024 rules.\nNo rollover into current NISA\nLegacy assets cannot be rolled directly into the 2024 system — there is no bridge that moves a General or Tsumitate NISA holding into current-NISA lifetime capacity while preserving its status. When a legacy tax-free period ends, the investor generally must sell the holding or let it move to a taxable account under the applicable rules, after which future gains are taxable.\nIf you want the same exposure inside current NISA, you would sell (or let the legacy period lapse) and make a new qualifying purchase in current NISA. That repurchase is a brand-new acquisition that uses current annual and lifetime allowance.\nPlanning and recordkeeping\nBecause selling and repurchasing resets your entry price and uses current allowance, it also introduces market-timing and transaction-cost risk — you might sell and rebuy at a worse price, and you consume current-NISA room you could have used for new money. There is no universally right answer; it depends on the legacy period’s end date, your current allowance headroom, and your view of the holding.\nKeep clear records of each legacy holding’s system, acquisition details, and tax-free end date, separate from your current NISA. Do not assume a broker statement will forever distinguish them for you, especially if you change institutions.","url":"/en/investing/nisa-old-vs-current","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-when-not-first:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-when-not-first","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is NISA always the best first step?","plainText":"No. NISA should not automatically precede an emergency fund, high-interest debt repayment, short-term cash needs, forfeitable employer contributions, cross-border tax analysis for US taxpayers, an imminent departure, or a strategy that relies on deducting losses.\nThe situations where emergency savings, debt repayment, employer plans, iDeCo, US-taxpayer analysis, or an imminent departure should come before NISA.\nBuild an emergency fund and clear high-interest debt before funding NISA.\nMoney needed within a short, fixed horizon belongs in cash, not NISA.\nDo not miss forfeitable employer matching or an unusually good corporate pension.\nUS taxpayers should complete cross-border (PFIC/reporting) analysis before buying Japanese funds.\nIf you may leave Japan soon or need loss deductions, NISA may not be the right first account.\nFinancial base comes first\nNISA is powerful, but it is still investing, and investing belongs after a financial base. An emergency fund of several months’ essential spending, held in deposits, protects you from being forced to sell investments during a downturn. High-interest consumer debt — card revolving balances especially — usually costs more than investments reliably earn, so repaying it is a guaranteed return that beats an uncertain one.\nSimilarly, money you will spend within a short, fixed horizon (a house deposit in three years, tuition next spring) should stay in cash. A temporary market fall just before you need it could be devastating, and NISA does nothing to protect principal.\nEmployer plans and iDeCo\nCheck for employer money you would otherwise forfeit. Matching contributions or an unusually attractive corporate pension can beat starting your own account first, because that is effectively free return. iDeCo can also outrank NISA when its up-front income-tax deduction is exceptionally valuable for your income and you accept the retirement lock-up — the deduction is a certain, immediate benefit, whereas NISA’s advantage is tax-free growth over time.\nThis is not a rule to max iDeCo; it is a reminder that the \"NISA first\" default assumes no better-value employer or deduction opportunity is being left on the table.\nCross-border and departure cases\nTwo situations flip the usual order. A US citizen or tax resident should complete cross-border analysis before buying a Japanese mutual fund inside NISA, because PFIC rules and US reporting can make that \"obvious\" first purchase the wrong one — NISA’s Japanese exemption gives no US exemption. And if you plan to leave Japan soon, NISA generally cannot continue abroad, so building a large NISA balance you will have to unwind may not make sense.\nFinally, a strategy that deliberately relies on realising and deducting losses (to offset taxable gains) cannot use NISA, where losses give no deduction. In all these cases the right first step may be a taxable account, an employer plan, cash, or simply professional advice — not NISA.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-when-not-first","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:saving-vs-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"No. NISA should not automatically precede an emergency fund, high-interest debt repayment, short-term cash needs, forfeitable employer contributions, cross-border tax analysis for US taxpayers, an imminent departure, or a strategy that relies on deducting losses.\nThe situations where emergency savings, debt repayment, employer plans, iDeCo, US-taxpayer analysis, or an imminent departure should come before NISA.\nBuild an emergency fund and clear high-interest debt before funding NISA.\nMoney needed within a short, fixed horizon belongs in cash, not NISA.\nDo not miss forfeitable employer matching or an unusually good corporate pension.\nUS taxpayers should complete cross-border (PFIC/reporting) analysis before buying Japanese funds.\nIf you may leave Japan soon or need loss deductions, NISA may not be the right first account.\nFinancial base comes first\nNISA is powerful, but it is still investing, and investing belongs after a financial base. An emergency fund of several months’ essential spending, held in deposits, protects you from being forced to sell investments during a downturn. High-interest consumer debt — card revolving balances especially — usually costs more than investments reliably earn, so repaying it is a guaranteed return that beats an uncertain one.\nSimilarly, money you will spend within a short, fixed horizon (a house deposit in three years, tuition next spring) should stay in cash. A temporary market fall just before you need it could be devastating, and NISA does nothing to protect principal.\nEmployer plans and iDeCo\nCheck for employer money you would otherwise forfeit. Matching contributions or an unusually attractive corporate pension can beat starting your own account first, because that is effectively free return. iDeCo can also outrank NISA when its up-front income-tax deduction is exceptionally valuable for your income and you accept the retirement lock-up — the deduction is a certain, immediate benefit, whereas NISA’s advantage is tax-free growth over time.\nThis is not a rule to max iDeCo; it is a reminder that the \"NISA first\" default assumes no better-value employer or deduction opportunity is being left on the table.\nCross-border and departure cases\nTwo situations flip the usual order. A US citizen or tax resident should complete cross-border analysis before buying a Japanese mutual fund inside NISA, because PFIC rules and US reporting can make that \"obvious\" first purchase the wrong one — NISA’s Japanese exemption gives no US exemption. And if you plan to leave Japan soon, NISA generally cannot continue abroad, so building a large NISA balance you will have to unwind may not make sense.\nFinally, a strategy that deliberately relies on realising and deducting losses (to offset taxable gains) cannot use NISA, where losses give no deduction. In all these cases the right first step may be a taxable account, an employer plan, cash, or simply professional advice — not NISA.","url":"/en/investing/nisa-when-not-first","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-common-mistakes:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-common-mistakes","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Common NISA mistakes","plainText":"The frequent mistakes are treating tax-free as risk-free, confusing market value with allowance usage, receiving dividends the wrong way, picking funds by last year’s return, opening with the wrong broker, and ignoring departure or foreign-tax rules.\nTreating NISA as risk-free, misunderstanding limits, using the wrong dividend method, chasing performance, and ignoring departure and foreign-tax rules.\nTax-free is not risk-free: NISA removes tax, not the possibility of loss.\nAllowance is measured at acquisition cost, not market value — gains never eat more room.\nDividends on shares/ETFs/REITs need the proportional allocation method to stay tax-free.\nDo not pick funds by recent performance, and do not overcomplicate with overlapping products.\nPlan for leaving Japan and, if a US taxpayer, for PFIC and foreign-tax rules before you buy.\nRisk and limit misunderstandings\nThe first mistake is emotional: treating NISA as safe because it is tax-advantaged. NISA is only a wrapper; the investments inside can fall like any others, and a tax-free 30% loss is still a 30% loss. Size your equity exposure to what you can hold through a downturn, not to the size of the allowance.\nThe second is mechanical: confusing market value with allowance usage. Capacity is measured at acquisition cost, so a holding that doubles has not used any extra room, and you cannot \"top up\" to a market value of ¥18m. Related errors include expecting unused annual allowance to carry forward (it does not) and expecting immediate allowance restoration after selling (it returns next year, at cost).\nProduct and dividend mistakes\nA common income mistake is receiving share, ETF, or REIT dividends through a bank account or warrant instead of the proportional allocation method, which triggers 20.315% withholding despite NISA — and a later return cannot fix it. Set the receipt method before the dividend is paid.\nOn product selection, avoid choosing funds by last year’s return: recent performance is an unreliable basis for future relative results, and a top-ranked fund can lag the next year. Equally, resist overcomplicating the portfolio with many overlapping thematic funds; a single broad low-cost index fund often does the core job with less duplication and lower cost.\nDeparture and foreign-tax mistakes\nTwo structural mistakes cause outsized problems. The first is ignoring departure rules: NISA generally cannot continue after you leave Japan except in specific qualifying temporary cases filed in advance, so building a large NISA balance without a plan for leaving can force an awkward unwind. Get your broker’s written departure procedure early.\nThe second is a US-taxpayer trap: buying a Japanese mutual fund in NISA without checking PFIC treatment and US reporting. NISA’s Japanese exemption gives no US exemption, and a \"simple\" index fund can create Form 8621 obligations. If you are a US person, complete cross-border analysis before your first Japanese-fund purchase.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-common-mistakes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan","faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-dividends","guide:nisa-when-not-first","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"The frequent mistakes are treating tax-free as risk-free, confusing market value with allowance usage, receiving dividends the wrong way, picking funds by last year’s return, opening with the wrong broker, and ignoring departure or foreign-tax rules.\nTreating NISA as risk-free, misunderstanding limits, using the wrong dividend method, chasing performance, and ignoring departure and foreign-tax rules.\nTax-free is not risk-free: NISA removes tax, not the possibility of loss.\nAllowance is measured at acquisition cost, not market value — gains never eat more room.\nDividends on shares/ETFs/REITs need the proportional allocation method to stay tax-free.\nDo not pick funds by recent performance, and do not overcomplicate with overlapping products.\nPlan for leaving Japan and, if a US taxpayer, for PFIC and foreign-tax rules before you buy.\nRisk and limit misunderstandings\nThe first mistake is emotional: treating NISA as safe because it is tax-advantaged. NISA is only a wrapper; the investments inside can fall like any others, and a tax-free 30% loss is still a 30% loss. Size your equity exposure to what you can hold through a downturn, not to the size of the allowance.\nThe second is mechanical: confusing market value with allowance usage. Capacity is measured at acquisition cost, so a holding that doubles has not used any extra room, and you cannot \"top up\" to a market value of ¥18m. Related errors include expecting unused annual allowance to carry forward (it does not) and expecting immediate allowance restoration after selling (it returns next year, at cost).\nProduct and dividend mistakes\nA common income mistake is receiving share, ETF, or REIT dividends through a bank account or warrant instead of the proportional allocation method, which triggers 20.315% withholding despite NISA — and a later return cannot fix it. Set the receipt method before the dividend is paid.\nOn product selection, avoid choosing funds by last year’s return: recent performance is an unreliable basis for future relative results, and a top-ranked fund can lag the next year. Equally, resist overcomplicating the portfolio with many overlapping thematic funds; a single broad low-cost index fund often does the core job with less duplication and lower cost.\nDeparture and foreign-tax mistakes\nTwo structural mistakes cause outsized problems. The first is ignoring departure rules: NISA generally cannot continue after you leave Japan except in specific qualifying temporary cases filed in advance, so building a large NISA balance without a plan for leaving can force an awkward unwind. Get your broker’s written departure procedure early.\nThe second is a US-taxpayer trap: buying a Japanese mutual fund in NISA without checking PFIC treatment and US reporting. NISA’s Japanese exemption gives no US exemption, and a \"simple\" index fund can create Form 8621 obligations. If you are a US person, complete cross-border analysis before your first Japanese-fund purchase.","url":"/en/investing/nisa-common-mistakes","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokerage-failure-protection:en","entityId":"guide:brokerage-failure-protection","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens if a Japanese brokerage fails?","plainText":"Japanese securities firms must keep customer assets segregated from their own, so if a firm fails those assets should ordinarily be returned; if segregation failed, the Japan Investor Protection Fund can compensate eligible customers up to ¥10m — but neither protects against market losses.\nSegregated management, the Japan Investor Protection Fund’s ¥10m ceiling, what is and is not protected, and how to verify registration.\nSecurities firms must segregate customer assets from firm assets by law.\nIf a firm fails with segregation intact, customer assets should ordinarily be returned in full.\nIf segregation failed, the Japan Investor Protection Fund can compensate eligible customers up to ¥10m.\nNeither protection covers market losses, issuer defaults, or price declines.\nVerify a firm in the FSA operator registry (and JSDA membership) before transferring funds.\nSegregated management\nThe primary protection is structural. Japanese securities firms are required to segregate customer assets — cash and securities — from the firm’s own assets. Because your holdings are not the firm’s property, if the firm fails while segregation has been properly maintained, your assets should ordinarily be returned or transferred to another institution rather than lost in the bankruptcy.\nThis is very different from a bank deposit, which is a loan to the bank. In a properly run brokerage, your shares and funds remain yours; the firm is only the custodian and intermediary.\nThe Japan Investor Protection Fund\nSegregation can, in rare cases, fail — through fraud or error. For that residual risk, the Japan Investor Protection Fund (JIPF) exists: if customer assets cannot be returned because segregation failed, JIPF can compensate an eligible customer up to ¥10m. It is a backstop for the failure of the safekeeping system, not routine insurance for every loss.\nCritically, JIPF does not compensate normal market losses, an issuer defaulting on your bond, or a fund’s price falling. If your investment simply drops in value, that is investment risk, entirely outside the scope of investor protection.\nHow to verify a firm\nProtection assumes a legitimately registered firm. Before transferring money, verify the firm in the FSA’s registry of financial instruments business operators and, where applicable, JSDA’s member list. Registration proves legal authorization to operate; it does not guarantee investment performance or the wisdom of any product.\nA crucial modern caution: a legitimate brokerage registration does not make a social-media account or website claiming to represent it legitimate. Scammers clone brand names and impersonate real firms. Confirm you are dealing with the genuine, registered entity — not just a familiar-looking name — before sending funds or documents.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokerage-failure-protection","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investor-deposit-protection","guide:check-broker-license-and-scams","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Investor Protection Fund","url":"https://jipf.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Deposit Insurance Corporation of Japan","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Japanese securities firms must keep customer assets segregated from their own, so if a firm fails those assets should ordinarily be returned; if segregation failed, the Japan Investor Protection Fund can compensate eligible customers up to ¥10m — but neither protects against market losses.\nSegregated management, the Japan Investor Protection Fund’s ¥10m ceiling, what is and is not protected, and how to verify registration.\nSecurities firms must segregate customer assets from firm assets by law.\nIf a firm fails with segregation intact, customer assets should ordinarily be returned in full.\nIf segregation failed, the Japan Investor Protection Fund can compensate eligible customers up to ¥10m.\nNeither protection covers market losses, issuer defaults, or price declines.\nVerify a firm in the FSA operator registry (and JSDA membership) before transferring funds.\nSegregated management\nThe primary protection is structural. Japanese securities firms are required to segregate customer assets — cash and securities — from the firm’s own assets. Because your holdings are not the firm’s property, if the firm fails while segregation has been properly maintained, your assets should ordinarily be returned or transferred to another institution rather than lost in the bankruptcy.\nThis is very different from a bank deposit, which is a loan to the bank. In a properly run brokerage, your shares and funds remain yours; the firm is only the custodian and intermediary.\nThe Japan Investor Protection Fund\nSegregation can, in rare cases, fail — through fraud or error. For that residual risk, the Japan Investor Protection Fund (JIPF) exists: if customer assets cannot be returned because segregation failed, JIPF can compensate an eligible customer up to ¥10m. It is a backstop for the failure of the safekeeping system, not routine insurance for every loss.\nCritically, JIPF does not compensate normal market losses, an issuer defaulting on your bond, or a fund’s price falling. If your investment simply drops in value, that is investment risk, entirely outside the scope of investor protection.\nHow to verify a firm\nProtection assumes a legitimately registered firm. Before transferring money, verify the firm in the FSA’s registry of financial instruments business operators and, where applicable, JSDA’s member list. Registration proves legal authorization to operate; it does not guarantee investment performance or the wisdom of any product.\nA crucial modern caution: a legitimate brokerage registration does not make a social-media account or website claiming to represent it legitimate. Scammers clone brand names and impersonate real firms. Confirm you are dealing with the genuine, registered entity — not just a familiar-looking name — before sending funds or documents.","url":"/en/investing/brokerage-failure-protection","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investor-deposit-protection:en","entityId":"guide:investor-deposit-protection","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How investments and deposits are protected in Japan","plainText":"Securities are protected mainly by segregation plus the ¥10m Japan Investor Protection Fund backstop, while bank deposits are protected by deposit insurance up to ¥10m of principal per bank; foreign-currency deposits and crypto are generally treated differently.\nSecurities segregation and the investor-protection fund vs bank deposit insurance, foreign-currency deposits, fund structures, and crypto differences.\nSecurities: segregated from the firm, with JIPF compensating eligible custody-failure shortfalls up to ¥10m.\nBank deposits: interest-bearing ordinary deposits protected up to ¥10m principal per bank plus accrued interest.\nNon-interest settlement deposits receive different (fuller) protection under the deposit-insurance rules.\nForeign-currency deposits are generally outside ordinary deposit-insurance coverage.\nFund assets are segregated within the trust structure; cryptoassets are not covered like securities.\nHow securities are protected\nInvestments held at a securities firm are protected primarily by segregation: your cash and securities are kept separate from the firm’s own assets, so a firm failure should not consume them. The Japan Investor Protection Fund adds a backstop of up to ¥10m per eligible customer if segregation fails and assets cannot be returned. Neither addresses market losses.\nFund (investment-trust) assets have their own layer: they are generally segregated within the trust structure, held by a trustee separate from the asset manager and distributor. So even if a fund management company has trouble, the fund’s underlying assets are not the company’s property — though operational disruption and, always, market losses remain possible.\nHow bank deposits are protected\nBank deposits use a different system: deposit insurance. Interest-bearing ordinary deposits are generally protected up to ¥10m of principal per depositor per financial institution, plus accrued interest to the failure date. Eligible non-interest settlement deposits (used for payments) receive different, fuller protection under the rules. The ¥10m ceiling is per bank, so spreading large balances across institutions changes coverage.\nAn important gap: foreign-currency deposits are generally outside ordinary deposit-insurance coverage. If you hold significant foreign-currency balances at a bank, do not assume the ¥10m deposit-insurance figure applies to them.\nWhere crypto differs\nCryptoassets sit outside these frameworks. They are not protected like securities by the investor-protection fund, nor like deposits by deposit insurance. Registered Japanese crypto exchanges have their own custody and segregation obligations, but the protection is not equivalent to securities or bank protection, and crypto carries extreme volatility, custody, and tax-reporting complexity.\nThe practical takeaway: match your expectations to the wrapper. Deposits are insured cash; securities are segregated investments with a custody backstop; crypto is a separate, higher-risk category. None of these protections turn a losing investment into a protected one — they address institutional failure, not market outcomes.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investor-deposit-protection","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:brokerage-failure-protection","guide:check-broker-license-and-scams","guide:saving-vs-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Investor Protection Fund","url":"https://jipf.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Deposit Insurance Corporation of Japan","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Securities are protected mainly by segregation plus the ¥10m Japan Investor Protection Fund backstop, while bank deposits are protected by deposit insurance up to ¥10m of principal per bank; foreign-currency deposits and crypto are generally treated differently.\nSecurities segregation and the investor-protection fund vs bank deposit insurance, foreign-currency deposits, fund structures, and crypto differences.\nSecurities: segregated from the firm, with JIPF compensating eligible custody-failure shortfalls up to ¥10m.\nBank deposits: interest-bearing ordinary deposits protected up to ¥10m principal per bank plus accrued interest.\nNon-interest settlement deposits receive different (fuller) protection under the deposit-insurance rules.\nForeign-currency deposits are generally outside ordinary deposit-insurance coverage.\nFund assets are segregated within the trust structure; cryptoassets are not covered like securities.\nHow securities are protected\nInvestments held at a securities firm are protected primarily by segregation: your cash and securities are kept separate from the firm’s own assets, so a firm failure should not consume them. The Japan Investor Protection Fund adds a backstop of up to ¥10m per eligible customer if segregation fails and assets cannot be returned. Neither addresses market losses.\nFund (investment-trust) assets have their own layer: they are generally segregated within the trust structure, held by a trustee separate from the asset manager and distributor. So even if a fund management company has trouble, the fund’s underlying assets are not the company’s property — though operational disruption and, always, market losses remain possible.\nHow bank deposits are protected\nBank deposits use a different system: deposit insurance. Interest-bearing ordinary deposits are generally protected up to ¥10m of principal per depositor per financial institution, plus accrued interest to the failure date. Eligible non-interest settlement deposits (used for payments) receive different, fuller protection under the rules. The ¥10m ceiling is per bank, so spreading large balances across institutions changes coverage.\nAn important gap: foreign-currency deposits are generally outside ordinary deposit-insurance coverage. If you hold significant foreign-currency balances at a bank, do not assume the ¥10m deposit-insurance figure applies to them.\nWhere crypto differs\nCryptoassets sit outside these frameworks. They are not protected like securities by the investor-protection fund, nor like deposits by deposit insurance. Registered Japanese crypto exchanges have their own custody and segregation obligations, but the protection is not equivalent to securities or bank protection, and crypto carries extreme volatility, custody, and tax-reporting complexity.\nThe practical takeaway: match your expectations to the wrapper. Deposits are insured cash; securities are segregated investments with a custody backstop; crypto is a separate, higher-risk category. None of these protections turn a losing investment into a protected one — they address institutional failure, not market outcomes.","url":"/en/investing/investor-deposit-protection","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:check-broker-license-and-scams:en","entityId":"guide:check-broker-license-and-scams","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Checking a broker’s licence and avoiding scams","plainText":"Verify any firm in the FSA’s operator registry and JSDA membership before sending money, distinguish the brand from the legal entity, and treat unsolicited social-media \"advisers,\" remote-control-software requests, and cloned sites as scams.\nHow to verify a firm in the FSA registry and JSDA membership, telling brand from legal entity, spotting clone sites and social-media scams, and account security.\nVerify the firm in the FSA registry of financial instruments business operators, and JSDA membership where relevant.\nRegistration proves legal authorization, not investment quality or the legitimacy of a social-media account using the name.\nWatch for clone websites and impersonation of real, registered firms.\nNever install remote-control software for an unsolicited \"investment adviser.\"\nUse unique passwords, multifactor authentication, withdrawal-destination locking, and transaction alerts.\nVerifying the licence\nBefore you send money or identity documents, confirm the firm is genuinely registered. The FSA maintains a registry of financial instruments business operators; the Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA) maintains a member list. A firm that cannot be found in the appropriate register, or that pressures you to skip verification, is a red flag.\nDistinguish the brand from the legal entity. Marketing names, app names, and group brands may differ from the registered legal entity that actually holds the licence. Match the exact legal name on the account documents against the register, rather than trusting a familiar logo or a similar-sounding name.\nClone sites and social-media scams\nA legitimate brokerage registration does not make every account claiming to represent it legitimate. Common scams include cloned websites that copy a real firm’s branding, social-media \"investment groups\" or private-message \"advisers\" promising unusual returns, and impersonation of well-known firms or their staff. A real, registered firm can be perfectly legitimate while a fake page using its name is a fraud.\nThe most dangerous request is to install remote-control software so an \"adviser\" can \"help\" you trade or \"recover\" money — this hands over your device and accounts. Never do it. Treat guaranteed high returns, urgency, and pressure to move money quickly as classic warning signs, and reach the firm only through its officially published contact details.\nAccount security basics\nGood operational security reduces the damage from phishing and account takeover. Use a unique password not reused elsewhere, enable multifactor authentication, and turn on withdrawal-destination locking so funds can only leave to a pre-registered account. Enable transaction and login alerts, and periodically review your devices and login history.\nBe alert to phishing: legitimate firms do not ask for your full password or one-time codes by email or message. If you spot unauthorized activity, contact the firm through its official channel immediately, change credentials, and preserve evidence. Fast reporting improves the chance of limiting loss.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/check-broker-license-and-scams","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:brokerage-failure-protection","guide:investor-deposit-protection","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Investor Protection Fund","url":"https://jipf.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Verify any firm in the FSA’s operator registry and JSDA membership before sending money, distinguish the brand from the legal entity, and treat unsolicited social-media \"advisers,\" remote-control-software requests, and cloned sites as scams.\nHow to verify a firm in the FSA registry and JSDA membership, telling brand from legal entity, spotting clone sites and social-media scams, and account security.\nVerify the firm in the FSA registry of financial instruments business operators, and JSDA membership where relevant.\nRegistration proves legal authorization, not investment quality or the legitimacy of a social-media account using the name.\nWatch for clone websites and impersonation of real, registered firms.\nNever install remote-control software for an unsolicited \"investment adviser.\"\nUse unique passwords, multifactor authentication, withdrawal-destination locking, and transaction alerts.\nVerifying the licence\nBefore you send money or identity documents, confirm the firm is genuinely registered. The FSA maintains a registry of financial instruments business operators; the Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA) maintains a member list. A firm that cannot be found in the appropriate register, or that pressures you to skip verification, is a red flag.\nDistinguish the brand from the legal entity. Marketing names, app names, and group brands may differ from the registered legal entity that actually holds the licence. Match the exact legal name on the account documents against the register, rather than trusting a familiar logo or a similar-sounding name.\nClone sites and social-media scams\nA legitimate brokerage registration does not make every account claiming to represent it legitimate. Common scams include cloned websites that copy a real firm’s branding, social-media \"investment groups\" or private-message \"advisers\" promising unusual returns, and impersonation of well-known firms or their staff. A real, registered firm can be perfectly legitimate while a fake page using its name is a fraud.\nThe most dangerous request is to install remote-control software so an \"adviser\" can \"help\" you trade or \"recover\" money — this hands over your device and accounts. Never do it. Treat guaranteed high returns, urgency, and pressure to move money quickly as classic warning signs, and reach the firm only through its officially published contact details.\nAccount security basics\nGood operational security reduces the damage from phishing and account takeover. Use a unique password not reused elsewhere, enable multifactor authentication, and turn on withdrawal-destination locking so funds can only leave to a pre-registered account. Enable transaction and login alerts, and periodically review your devices and login history.\nBe alert to phishing: legitimate firms do not ask for your full password or one-time codes by email or message. If you spot unauthorized activity, contact the firm through its official channel immediately, change credentials, and preserve evidence. Fast reporting improves the chance of limiting loss.","url":"/en/investing/check-broker-license-and-scams","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-products-japan:en","entityId":"guide:investment-products-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investment products in Japan","plainText":"The main products are individual stocks, mutual funds (investment trusts), ETFs, bonds, REITs, robo-advisors, and crypto; for most beginners a single low-cost diversified fund is the core, with everything else a deliberate addition.\nStocks, mutual funds, ETFs, bonds, REITs, robo-advisors, and crypto — what each is, and a hierarchy for choosing.\nMutual funds (投資信託) pool money into a diversified portfolio, often bought from ¥100 with automation.\nETFs trade intraday on an exchange; individual stocks are single-company ownership.\nBonds and JGBs provide income and stability; REITs give property exposure with equity-like volatility.\nRobo-advisors automate allocation for a fee; crypto sits outside NISA with extreme risk.\nEvaluate any fund by asset class, exposure, benchmark, eligibility, diversification, cost, and only then past return.\nThe main product categories\nIndividual stocks are direct ownership of one company — the highest company-specific risk. Mutual funds (investment trusts, 投資信託) pool many investors’ money into a diversified portfolio run to a stated objective, and at online brokers can often be bought from ¥100 with automatic monthly purchases. ETFs are funds that trade on an exchange at intraday prices, offering limit orders and portability but requiring you to handle bid-ask spreads and, for foreign ETFs, currency conversion.\nBonds (including retail JGBs) provide interest and relative stability; REITs (不動産投資信託) give exposure to property but behave with equity-like volatility and rate sensitivity. Robo-advisors automate allocation and rebalancing for an advisory fee. Cryptoassets sit entirely outside NISA and carry extreme volatility and custody/tax complexity.\nA product-selection hierarchy\nEvaluate any fund or ETF in order, not by its recent chart. (1) Is the asset class appropriate? (2) Is the geographic and currency exposure appropriate? (3) Is the benchmark transparent? (4) Is the vehicle eligible for the intended account (e.g. NISA)? (5) Is it sufficiently diversified and operationally viable? (6) What are the expense ratio, transaction costs, tracking difference, tax leakage, spreads, and conversion costs? (7) What is the distribution policy? (8) Can you buy it automatically at your broker? (9) Does your other-country tax system create a problem?\nOnly at step (10) do you review historical performance — and then only against the benchmark over matching periods. Past return alone is not a valid recommendation criterion: a fund can shine because its market, factor, or currency happened to do well, which says little about future relative returns.\nWhere to go next\nFrom here, deeper pages cover each category: how to compare mutual funds, index funds vs ETFs, Japanese vs global investing, Japanese and US stocks, high-dividend investing, and REITs. Accounts and tax pages explain the wrappers those products live in.\nThe consistent theme is that the wrapper (NISA, iDeCo, taxable) and the asset allocation usually matter more than picking a single \"best\" product. Choose the account and the stock/bond mix first, then implement with low-cost, transparent, eligible funds.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investment-products-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:reits-japan","guide:active-vs-passive-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Finance","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/jgbs/individual/kojinmuke/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"The main products are individual stocks, mutual funds (investment trusts), ETFs, bonds, REITs, robo-advisors, and crypto; for most beginners a single low-cost diversified fund is the core, with everything else a deliberate addition.\nStocks, mutual funds, ETFs, bonds, REITs, robo-advisors, and crypto — what each is, and a hierarchy for choosing.\nMutual funds (投資信託) pool money into a diversified portfolio, often bought from ¥100 with automation.\nETFs trade intraday on an exchange; individual stocks are single-company ownership.\nBonds and JGBs provide income and stability; REITs give property exposure with equity-like volatility.\nRobo-advisors automate allocation for a fee; crypto sits outside NISA with extreme risk.\nEvaluate any fund by asset class, exposure, benchmark, eligibility, diversification, cost, and only then past return.\nThe main product categories\nIndividual stocks are direct ownership of one company — the highest company-specific risk. Mutual funds (investment trusts, 投資信託) pool many investors’ money into a diversified portfolio run to a stated objective, and at online brokers can often be bought from ¥100 with automatic monthly purchases. ETFs are funds that trade on an exchange at intraday prices, offering limit orders and portability but requiring you to handle bid-ask spreads and, for foreign ETFs, currency conversion.\nBonds (including retail JGBs) provide interest and relative stability; REITs (不動産投資信託) give exposure to property but behave with equity-like volatility and rate sensitivity. Robo-advisors automate allocation and rebalancing for an advisory fee. Cryptoassets sit entirely outside NISA and carry extreme volatility and custody/tax complexity.\nA product-selection hierarchy\nEvaluate any fund or ETF in order, not by its recent chart. (1) Is the asset class appropriate? (2) Is the geographic and currency exposure appropriate? (3) Is the benchmark transparent? (4) Is the vehicle eligible for the intended account (e.g. NISA)? (5) Is it sufficiently diversified and operationally viable? (6) What are the expense ratio, transaction costs, tracking difference, tax leakage, spreads, and conversion costs? (7) What is the distribution policy? (8) Can you buy it automatically at your broker? (9) Does your other-country tax system create a problem?\nOnly at step (10) do you review historical performance — and then only against the benchmark over matching periods. Past return alone is not a valid recommendation criterion: a fund can shine because its market, factor, or currency happened to do well, which says little about future relative returns.\nWhere to go next\nFrom here, deeper pages cover each category: how to compare mutual funds, index funds vs ETFs, Japanese vs global investing, Japanese and US stocks, high-dividend investing, and REITs. Accounts and tax pages explain the wrappers those products live in.\nThe consistent theme is that the wrapper (NISA, iDeCo, taxable) and the asset allocation usually matter more than picking a single \"best\" product. Choose the account and the stock/bond mix first, then implement with low-cost, transparent, eligible funds.","url":"/en/investing/investment-products-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-compare-funds:en","entityId":"guide:how-to-compare-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to compare mutual funds","plainText":"Compare funds on benchmark, total cost, tracking difference, assets under management, distribution policy, currency/hedging, and NISA eligibility — not on last year’s return, which is an unreliable guide to future relative results.\nBenchmark, expense ratio, other costs, tracking difference, size, distributions, currency, and NISA eligibility — and why recent performance is not enough.\nStart with the benchmark: two funds tracking different indices are not comparable.\nTotal cost = trust fee (信託報酬) plus transaction, custody, underlying-fund, spread, and tax costs.\nTracking difference is the fund return minus the benchmark over a defined period.\nLarger, established funds (AUM) reduce closure and operational risk; check distributions and currency policy.\nConfirm NISA eligibility by exact fund name and share class; ignore recent performance until last.\nBenchmark and cost\nBegin with the benchmark. A fund tracking the S&P 500 and one tracking a global all-country index are answering different questions; comparing their returns directly is meaningless. Confirm what index each fund follows and whether that exposure is what you want.\nThen compare total cost, not just the headline trust fee (信託報酬). A fund’s full cost includes transaction costs, custody, any underlying-fund expenses (for funds-of-funds), bid-ask spreads, and tax leakage. Among competitive Japanese index funds, expense ratios are very low, so small differences compound over decades — but the cheapest fee is not automatically best if the benchmark, tracking, or structure differs.\nTracking difference, size, and distributions\nTracking difference is the fund’s return minus its benchmark’s return over a defined period — the practical measure of how faithfully it delivers the index after costs. Two index funds on the same benchmark can differ because of fees, tax leakage, cash holdings, sampling, trading, and benchmark conventions. Compare over matching periods and a consistent return convention.\nAssets under management (AUM) matter: a larger, established fund is less likely to close or face operational strain. Check the distribution policy — many Japanese index funds retain and reinvest income, which suits long-term accumulators — and the currency/hedging policy, since unhedged foreign funds carry exchange-rate risk.\nEligibility, and why performance comes last\nConfirm NISA eligibility by exact fund name and share class against the FSA list and your broker, and check the fund can be bought automatically in the allowance you intend. US taxpayers must add a separate PFIC step regardless of Japanese eligibility.\nOnly after all of that should you look at historical performance — and then only against the benchmark over matching periods. Choosing \"last year’s best fund\" is the classic mistake: recent outperformance is an unreliable predictor of future relative returns, and a top-ranked fund can lag the next year. Use performance to check that a fund is tracking its index sensibly, not to rank funds against each other.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/how-to-compare-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investment-products-japan","guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:nisa-eligible-investments"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Compare funds on benchmark, total cost, tracking difference, assets under management, distribution policy, currency/hedging, and NISA eligibility — not on last year’s return, which is an unreliable guide to future relative results.\nBenchmark, expense ratio, other costs, tracking difference, size, distributions, currency, and NISA eligibility — and why recent performance is not enough.\nStart with the benchmark: two funds tracking different indices are not comparable.\nTotal cost = trust fee (信託報酬) plus transaction, custody, underlying-fund, spread, and tax costs.\nTracking difference is the fund return minus the benchmark over a defined period.\nLarger, established funds (AUM) reduce closure and operational risk; check distributions and currency policy.\nConfirm NISA eligibility by exact fund name and share class; ignore recent performance until last.\nBenchmark and cost\nBegin with the benchmark. A fund tracking the S&P 500 and one tracking a global all-country index are answering different questions; comparing their returns directly is meaningless. Confirm what index each fund follows and whether that exposure is what you want.\nThen compare total cost, not just the headline trust fee (信託報酬). A fund’s full cost includes transaction costs, custody, any underlying-fund expenses (for funds-of-funds), bid-ask spreads, and tax leakage. Among competitive Japanese index funds, expense ratios are very low, so small differences compound over decades — but the cheapest fee is not automatically best if the benchmark, tracking, or structure differs.\nTracking difference, size, and distributions\nTracking difference is the fund’s return minus its benchmark’s return over a defined period — the practical measure of how faithfully it delivers the index after costs. Two index funds on the same benchmark can differ because of fees, tax leakage, cash holdings, sampling, trading, and benchmark conventions. Compare over matching periods and a consistent return convention.\nAssets under management (AUM) matter: a larger, established fund is less likely to close or face operational strain. Check the distribution policy — many Japanese index funds retain and reinvest income, which suits long-term accumulators — and the currency/hedging policy, since unhedged foreign funds carry exchange-rate risk.\nEligibility, and why performance comes last\nConfirm NISA eligibility by exact fund name and share class against the FSA list and your broker, and check the fund can be bought automatically in the allowance you intend. US taxpayers must add a separate PFIC step regardless of Japanese eligibility.\nOnly after all of that should you look at historical performance — and then only against the benchmark over matching periods. Choosing \"last year’s best fund\" is the classic mistake: recent outperformance is an unreliable predictor of future relative returns, and a top-ranked fund can lag the next year. Use performance to check that a fund is tracking its index sensibly, not to rank funds against each other.","url":"/en/investing/how-to-compare-funds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:index-funds-vs-etfs:en","entityId":"guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Index funds vs ETFs","plainText":"Index mutual funds price once daily, start from ¥100, and automate easily — ideal for long-term accumulation; ETFs trade intraday with limit orders and can be cheaper for large or specialised holdings, but add spreads, manual reinvestment, and (for foreign ETFs) currency and tax complexity.\nPricing, minimums, recurring purchases, spreads, distributions, currency conversion, and tax complexity compared.\nMutual funds: once-daily NAV, often ¥100 minimum, simplest recurring purchases, income usually retained.\nETFs: intraday market price, limit orders, but you bear the bid-ask spread.\nETFs commonly distribute cash; reinvestment is often manual unless the broker supports it.\nForeign ETFs may require direct FX conversion and add foreign-withholding complexity.\nFor automated long-term accumulation, mutual funds are usually simpler; ETFs suit intraday control and large trades.\nPricing, minimums, and automation\nAn index mutual fund is priced once per day at its net asset value (基準価額), calculated after the order cutoff — so the price you get is not the one displayed when you order. At online brokers the minimum is often just ¥100, and recurring monthly purchases are simple to automate, which makes funds the natural tool for steady accumulation.\nAn ETF trades on an exchange at an intraday market price, so you can use limit orders and control your entry price. The trade-off is that you bear the bid-ask spread as a cost, and recurring automatic purchases are available at some brokers but far less universal than for mutual funds.\nDistributions and currency\nDistribution behaviour differs. Many Japanese index mutual funds retain and reinvest income inside the fund, which compounds automatically and simplifies long-term holding. ETFs commonly distribute cash, and unless your broker offers automatic reinvestment, you must manually reinvest each distribution — a small but recurring task.\nCurrency adds another layer. A yen-denominated mutual fund embeds any currency conversion inside the fund. A foreign ETF may require you to convert yen to the foreign currency directly, incurring an FX spread, and foreign distributions can carry source-country withholding. For a yen investor, these operational and tax details often outweigh a tiny fee difference.\nWhich fits you\nFor most beginners accumulating monthly in NISA, an index mutual fund is simpler: ¥100 minimums, easy automation, embedded reinvestment, and no spread or manual FX. This is why the standard beginner path centres on one low-cost index fund.\nETFs earn their place when you want intraday control, limit orders, portability, specialised exposures a fund does not offer, or lower cost on large trades. Many investors use both — funds for the automated core, ETFs for specific satellite holdings — choosing per goal rather than declaring one universally better.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/index-funds-vs-etfs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:investment-products-japan","guide:currency-risk-yen","guide:us-stocks-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Index mutual funds price once daily, start from ¥100, and automate easily — ideal for long-term accumulation; ETFs trade intraday with limit orders and can be cheaper for large or specialised holdings, but add spreads, manual reinvestment, and (for foreign ETFs) currency and tax complexity.\nPricing, minimums, recurring purchases, spreads, distributions, currency conversion, and tax complexity compared.\nMutual funds: once-daily NAV, often ¥100 minimum, simplest recurring purchases, income usually retained.\nETFs: intraday market price, limit orders, but you bear the bid-ask spread.\nETFs commonly distribute cash; reinvestment is often manual unless the broker supports it.\nForeign ETFs may require direct FX conversion and add foreign-withholding complexity.\nFor automated long-term accumulation, mutual funds are usually simpler; ETFs suit intraday control and large trades.\nPricing, minimums, and automation\nAn index mutual fund is priced once per day at its net asset value (基準価額), calculated after the order cutoff — so the price you get is not the one displayed when you order. At online brokers the minimum is often just ¥100, and recurring monthly purchases are simple to automate, which makes funds the natural tool for steady accumulation.\nAn ETF trades on an exchange at an intraday market price, so you can use limit orders and control your entry price. The trade-off is that you bear the bid-ask spread as a cost, and recurring automatic purchases are available at some brokers but far less universal than for mutual funds.\nDistributions and currency\nDistribution behaviour differs. Many Japanese index mutual funds retain and reinvest income inside the fund, which compounds automatically and simplifies long-term holding. ETFs commonly distribute cash, and unless your broker offers automatic reinvestment, you must manually reinvest each distribution — a small but recurring task.\nCurrency adds another layer. A yen-denominated mutual fund embeds any currency conversion inside the fund. A foreign ETF may require you to convert yen to the foreign currency directly, incurring an FX spread, and foreign distributions can carry source-country withholding. For a yen investor, these operational and tax details often outweigh a tiny fee difference.\nWhich fits you\nFor most beginners accumulating monthly in NISA, an index mutual fund is simpler: ¥100 minimums, easy automation, embedded reinvestment, and no spread or manual FX. This is why the standard beginner path centres on one low-cost index fund.\nETFs earn their place when you want intraday control, limit orders, portability, specialised exposures a fund does not offer, or lower cost on large trades. Many investors use both — funds for the automated core, ETFs for specific satellite holdings — choosing per goal rather than declaring one universally better.","url":"/en/investing/index-funds-vs-etfs","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-vs-global-investing:en","entityId":"guide:japan-vs-global-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japanese vs global investments","plainText":"A Japan-only portfolio concentrates you in one country, one currency, and an export/industrial-heavy market; a global portfolio spreads across many economies and sectors but adds currency and geopolitical dispersion — most investors use global as the core, with a Japan tilt optional.\nCountry and currency concentration, sector differences, familiarity bias, matching yen liabilities, and the role each can play.\nJapan-only exposes you to one economy, predominantly the yen, and an export/industrial/financial tilt.\nGlobal spreads across many economies, currencies, and a wider technology/healthcare/consumer mix.\nFamiliarity bias makes home markets feel safer than the diversification math supports.\nA yen home bias can better match future yen spending; global better diversifies overall risk.\nA common structure is a global core with an optional, modest Japan tilt.\nConcentration and currency\nThe core difference is breadth. A Japan-only portfolio ties your outcome to one economy, one political and regulatory system, and predominantly the yen. A global portfolio holds many economies and currencies, so no single country’s fortunes dominate. In terms of numbers of economies and currencies, global is simply more diversified.\nSector mix follows. The Japanese market carries significant industrial, financial, and export exposure, while a global index adds a wider technology, healthcare, and consumer mix. Neither is \"better,\" but they behave differently, and holding only one leaves you exposed to that one profile.\nFamiliarity bias and yen liabilities\nIt is natural to overweight what you know. Familiarity makes home-country stocks feel safer, but comfort is not diversification — a portfolio of only familiar names can still be highly concentrated. Recognising home bias is the first step to sizing it deliberately rather than by default.\nThere is a legitimate case for some Japan tilt: if your future spending — rent, education, retirement — will be in yen, yen-denominated assets more directly match those liabilities and reduce currency mismatch. This is a reason to hold some Japan or some yen exposure, not a reason to abandon global diversification.\nSensible roles\nA widely used structure is a global (all-country) equity fund as the core diversification, optionally combined with a modest Japan tilt or a yen-linked sleeve to match home spending. This captures broad growth while acknowledging that you live and spend in yen.\nWhichever you choose, remember the global option’s main added risks — foreign currency, geopolitics, and valuation dispersion — and the Japan-only option’s main risk — home-country concentration. The decision is about which risks you prefer to hold, sized to your goals, not about predicting which market will win.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/japan-vs-global-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks","guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:currency-risk-yen"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"A Japan-only portfolio concentrates you in one country, one currency, and an export/industrial-heavy market; a global portfolio spreads across many economies and sectors but adds currency and geopolitical dispersion — most investors use global as the core, with a Japan tilt optional.\nCountry and currency concentration, sector differences, familiarity bias, matching yen liabilities, and the role each can play.\nJapan-only exposes you to one economy, predominantly the yen, and an export/industrial/financial tilt.\nGlobal spreads across many economies, currencies, and a wider technology/healthcare/consumer mix.\nFamiliarity bias makes home markets feel safer than the diversification math supports.\nA yen home bias can better match future yen spending; global better diversifies overall risk.\nA common structure is a global core with an optional, modest Japan tilt.\nConcentration and currency\nThe core difference is breadth. A Japan-only portfolio ties your outcome to one economy, one political and regulatory system, and predominantly the yen. A global portfolio holds many economies and currencies, so no single country’s fortunes dominate. In terms of numbers of economies and currencies, global is simply more diversified.\nSector mix follows. The Japanese market carries significant industrial, financial, and export exposure, while a global index adds a wider technology, healthcare, and consumer mix. Neither is \"better,\" but they behave differently, and holding only one leaves you exposed to that one profile.\nFamiliarity bias and yen liabilities\nIt is natural to overweight what you know. Familiarity makes home-country stocks feel safer, but comfort is not diversification — a portfolio of only familiar names can still be highly concentrated. Recognising home bias is the first step to sizing it deliberately rather than by default.\nThere is a legitimate case for some Japan tilt: if your future spending — rent, education, retirement — will be in yen, yen-denominated assets more directly match those liabilities and reduce currency mismatch. This is a reason to hold some Japan or some yen exposure, not a reason to abandon global diversification.\nSensible roles\nA widely used structure is a global (all-country) equity fund as the core diversification, optionally combined with a modest Japan tilt or a yen-linked sleeve to match home spending. This captures broad growth while acknowledging that you live and spend in yen.\nWhichever you choose, remember the global option’s main added risks — foreign currency, geopolitics, and valuation dispersion — and the Japan-only option’s main risk — home-country concentration. The decision is about which risks you prefer to hold, sized to your goals, not about predicting which market will win.","url":"/en/investing/japan-vs-global-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks:en","entityId":"guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing in Japanese stocks","plainText":"Japanese shares trade on the Tokyo Stock Exchange in units (usually 100 shares), though odd-lot/fractional services let you buy less; broad exposure comes via TOPIX or Nikkei 225, and eligible shares can be held in NISA’s growth allowance.\nThe Tokyo Stock Exchange, trading units and odd lots, TOPIX vs Nikkei, dividends and shareholder benefits, and NISA.\nShares trade on the Tokyo Stock Exchange, normally in units of 100; odd-lot services allow smaller buys.\nTOPIX is broad and capitalisation-weighted; the Nikkei 225 is price-weighted and more concentrated.\nJapanese companies pay dividends and some offer shareholder benefit programs (株主優待).\nEligible individual shares fit NISA’s growth allowance, not the recurring allowance.\nA single stock concentrates company-specific risk; a broad fund diversifies it.\nThe exchange and trading units\nJapanese listed shares trade on the Tokyo Stock Exchange, generally in trading units (単元) of 100 shares, so a ¥3,000 share implies a ¥300,000 lot. To invest smaller amounts, many brokers offer odd-lot or fractional-share services (単元未満株) that let you buy fewer than one unit, though pricing and available stocks differ by broker.\nOrders can be market (成行) — prompt execution at available prices — or limit (指値) — only at your specified price or better. Understanding the difference matters: a market order is likely to fill but at an uncertain price, while a limit order controls price but may not execute.\nTOPIX, Nikkei, dividends, and benefits\nFor broad Japanese exposure, two indices dominate. TOPIX is a broad, capitalisation-weighted index of a large swath of the market. The Nikkei 225 is price-weighted and more concentrated in a smaller set of high-priced names, so the two can behave differently. Index funds and ETFs track each; most investors seeking Japan exposure use a broad-market fund rather than picking individual stocks.\nJapanese companies commonly pay dividends, and many operate shareholder benefit programs (株主優待) offering goods, vouchers, or discounts to holders. These perks can be appealing but should not drive investment decisions — the underlying business economics and valuation matter far more than a coupon.\nNISA and choosing how to invest\nEligible individual Japanese shares can be bought in NISA’s growth allowance (成長投資枠), not the recurring allowance, which is reserved for screened funds. Broad Japanese index funds and ETFs can sit in either allowance depending on eligibility. Dividends need the proportional allocation method to stay tax-free in NISA.\nIf you do pick individual stocks, treat it as a deliberate, limited sleeve on top of a diversified core — fundamental analysis of business economics, governance, balance sheet, and valuation is demanding, and a single company can suffer permanent loss. The common mistake is concentrating a whole portfolio in an employer’s stock or a few familiar brands.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investing-in-japanese-stocks","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:investment-products-japan","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:active-vs-passive-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Japanese shares trade on the Tokyo Stock Exchange in units (usually 100 shares), though odd-lot/fractional services let you buy less; broad exposure comes via TOPIX or Nikkei 225, and eligible shares can be held in NISA’s growth allowance.\nThe Tokyo Stock Exchange, trading units and odd lots, TOPIX vs Nikkei, dividends and shareholder benefits, and NISA.\nShares trade on the Tokyo Stock Exchange, normally in units of 100; odd-lot services allow smaller buys.\nTOPIX is broad and capitalisation-weighted; the Nikkei 225 is price-weighted and more concentrated.\nJapanese companies pay dividends and some offer shareholder benefit programs (株主優待).\nEligible individual shares fit NISA’s growth allowance, not the recurring allowance.\nA single stock concentrates company-specific risk; a broad fund diversifies it.\nThe exchange and trading units\nJapanese listed shares trade on the Tokyo Stock Exchange, generally in trading units (単元) of 100 shares, so a ¥3,000 share implies a ¥300,000 lot. To invest smaller amounts, many brokers offer odd-lot or fractional-share services (単元未満株) that let you buy fewer than one unit, though pricing and available stocks differ by broker.\nOrders can be market (成行) — prompt execution at available prices — or limit (指値) — only at your specified price or better. Understanding the difference matters: a market order is likely to fill but at an uncertain price, while a limit order controls price but may not execute.\nTOPIX, Nikkei, dividends, and benefits\nFor broad Japanese exposure, two indices dominate. TOPIX is a broad, capitalisation-weighted index of a large swath of the market. The Nikkei 225 is price-weighted and more concentrated in a smaller set of high-priced names, so the two can behave differently. Index funds and ETFs track each; most investors seeking Japan exposure use a broad-market fund rather than picking individual stocks.\nJapanese companies commonly pay dividends, and many operate shareholder benefit programs (株主優待) offering goods, vouchers, or discounts to holders. These perks can be appealing but should not drive investment decisions — the underlying business economics and valuation matter far more than a coupon.\nNISA and choosing how to invest\nEligible individual Japanese shares can be bought in NISA’s growth allowance (成長投資枠), not the recurring allowance, which is reserved for screened funds. Broad Japanese index funds and ETFs can sit in either allowance depending on eligibility. Dividends need the proportional allocation method to stay tax-free in NISA.\nIf you do pick individual stocks, treat it as a deliberate, limited sleeve on top of a diversified core — fundamental analysis of business economics, governance, balance sheet, and valuation is demanding, and a single company can suffer permanent loss. The common mistake is concentrating a whole portfolio in an employer’s stock or a few familiar brands.","url":"/en/investing/investing-in-japanese-stocks","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:us-stocks-from-japan:en","entityId":"guide:us-stocks-from-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing in US stocks from Japan","plainText":"Major brokers support US shares and ETFs; you convert yen to dollars (an FX spread), pay a commission (often 0.495% capped at US$22 in taxable accounts, ¥0 for covered NISA products), and US dividends face US withholding even in NISA — while US taxpayers face separate US reporting.\nBroker support, yen-to-dollar conversion, commissions, dividends and withholding, NISA, and US-taxpayer complications.\nSBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and IBKR Japan support US shares and ETFs; availability of specific tickers differs.\nYou convert yen to dollars, paying an FX spread; some brokers advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread.\nTaxable US commission is commonly 0.495% capped at US$22; NISA-covered US products can be ¥0.\nUS dividends face US source-country withholding even inside NISA; NISA removes only Japanese tax.\nUS taxpayers face separate US reporting, and some brokers restrict US persons from foreign-stock trading.\nBroker access and cost\nBuying US shares and ETFs from Japan is well supported at major brokers such as SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and Interactive Brokers Japan, though the exact list of available tickers varies. To buy, you generally convert yen to US dollars, which incurs an FX spread — some brokers advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread, but always confirm the current conversion terms rather than assuming.\nOn commissions, several brokers charge about 0.495% of the trade value in a taxable account, capped at roughly US$22; for NISA-covered US shares and ETFs, the commission can be ¥0. As always, \"zero commission\" does not mean zero cost — spreads, market and regulatory fees, and currency conversion remain.\nDividends, withholding, and NISA\nUS dividends carry US source-country withholding, and this remains even when the shares are held in NISA — NISA removes the Japanese tax, not the US tax. Because there is no Japanese tax on that NISA income, the usual foreign-tax-credit route may not recover the US withholding, so model the after-withholding yield rather than assuming NISA makes US dividends fully tax-free.\nOutside NISA, US dividends and gains face both potential US withholding and Japanese tax, with foreign-tax-credit relief available through a Japanese return. Eligible US shares and ETFs can be held in NISA’s growth allowance where the broker supports them, but confirm eligibility per product.\nUS taxpayers and cross-border warnings\nUS citizens, green-card holders, and other US taxpayers face separate US reporting on US (and all) investment income regardless of Japanese treatment, and some brokers restrict US persons from foreign-stock trading — Rakuten, for example, states that US persons may not trade its foreign-stock products. These are commercial and regulatory policies, not a universal NISA rule.\nFor US persons, US-domiciled ETFs and individual securities are often simpler than Japanese mutual funds because they avoid PFIC problems — but only after individual cross-border advice covering US tax, foreign tax credits, FBAR, Form 8938, and estate-tax exposure on US-situated assets. Keep statements in both yen and US-dollar terms.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/us-stocks-from-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:currency-risk-yen","guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","guide:japan-vs-global-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/commission/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Major brokers support US shares and ETFs; you convert yen to dollars (an FX spread), pay a commission (often 0.495% capped at US$22 in taxable accounts, ¥0 for covered NISA products), and US dividends face US withholding even in NISA — while US taxpayers face separate US reporting.\nBroker support, yen-to-dollar conversion, commissions, dividends and withholding, NISA, and US-taxpayer complications.\nSBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and IBKR Japan support US shares and ETFs; availability of specific tickers differs.\nYou convert yen to dollars, paying an FX spread; some brokers advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread.\nTaxable US commission is commonly 0.495% capped at US$22; NISA-covered US products can be ¥0.\nUS dividends face US source-country withholding even inside NISA; NISA removes only Japanese tax.\nUS taxpayers face separate US reporting, and some brokers restrict US persons from foreign-stock trading.\nBroker access and cost\nBuying US shares and ETFs from Japan is well supported at major brokers such as SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and Interactive Brokers Japan, though the exact list of available tickers varies. To buy, you generally convert yen to US dollars, which incurs an FX spread — some brokers advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread, but always confirm the current conversion terms rather than assuming.\nOn commissions, several brokers charge about 0.495% of the trade value in a taxable account, capped at roughly US$22; for NISA-covered US shares and ETFs, the commission can be ¥0. As always, \"zero commission\" does not mean zero cost — spreads, market and regulatory fees, and currency conversion remain.\nDividends, withholding, and NISA\nUS dividends carry US source-country withholding, and this remains even when the shares are held in NISA — NISA removes the Japanese tax, not the US tax. Because there is no Japanese tax on that NISA income, the usual foreign-tax-credit route may not recover the US withholding, so model the after-withholding yield rather than assuming NISA makes US dividends fully tax-free.\nOutside NISA, US dividends and gains face both potential US withholding and Japanese tax, with foreign-tax-credit relief available through a Japanese return. Eligible US shares and ETFs can be held in NISA’s growth allowance where the broker supports them, but confirm eligibility per product.\nUS taxpayers and cross-border warnings\nUS citizens, green-card holders, and other US taxpayers face separate US reporting on US (and all) investment income regardless of Japanese treatment, and some brokers restrict US persons from foreign-stock trading — Rakuten, for example, states that US persons may not trade its foreign-stock products. These are commercial and regulatory policies, not a universal NISA rule.\nFor US persons, US-domiciled ETFs and individual securities are often simpler than Japanese mutual funds because they avoid PFIC problems — but only after individual cross-border advice covering US tax, foreign tax credits, FBAR, Form 8938, and estate-tax exposure on US-situated assets. Keep statements in both yen and US-dollar terms.","url":"/en/investing/us-stocks-from-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:high-dividend-investing:en","entityId":"guide:high-dividend-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"High-dividend investing in Japan","plainText":"A high dividend yield is not automatically safer or better — it can reflect a falling price or an unsustainable payout, and high-dividend strategies concentrate sectors; focus on total return, not yield alone, and mind the tax treatment.\nDividend yield and yield traps, sector concentration, total return vs income, and tax/NISA considerations.\nDividend yield = dividend ÷ price, so a falling price can mechanically raise the yield (a \"yield trap\").\nHigh-dividend funds and ETFs tend to concentrate in mature, dividend-paying sectors.\nTotal return (price change plus income) matters more than headline yield.\nA distribution is not free money — the asset’s value generally adjusts down when it pays.\nFor NISA, share/ETF/REIT dividends need the proportional allocation method to stay tax-free.\nYield, and the yield trap\nDividend yield is the annual dividend divided by the price. Because price is the denominator, a yield can rise simply because the share price fell — sometimes signalling that the market expects the dividend to be cut. This is the classic \"yield trap\": chasing the highest yield can lead you into companies whose high yield reflects trouble, not generosity.\nA high yield is therefore not evidence of safety. Assess whether the payout is sustainable from earnings and cash flow, not just how large it looks today. A moderate, well-covered dividend from a healthy business can be far more reliable than a headline yield from a struggling one.\nConcentration and total return\nHigh-dividend funds and ETFs screen for yield, which tends to concentrate holdings in mature, dividend-paying sectors and tilt away from lower-yielding growth areas. That creates factor and sector biases you may not intend — a \"high-dividend\" fund is an active-style bet on a slice of the market, not a neutral diversified holding.\nThe more useful lens is total return: price change plus income together. A distribution is not free return — when a fund or company pays out, its value generally adjusts down by roughly that amount, so income and capital are two sides of the same coin. For long-term accumulation, a broad fund that retains and reinvests income can compound more simply than a high-payout strategy.\nTax, NISA, and the retirement myth\nTaxes matter for income strategies. Outside NISA, dividends are generally taxed at 20.315%, and frequent distributions create recurring taxable events. Inside NISA, share, ETF, and REIT dividends require the proportional allocation method to be tax-free, and foreign dividends can still face source-country withholding.\nFinally, a common misconception is that dividends should fund retirement. Relying only on high-dividend securities concentrates risk and can force you into yield traps; a total-return approach — holding a diversified portfolio and selling small amounts as needed — is often more robust and better diversified than chasing income. Income has a role, but it is not automatically safer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/high-dividend-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-dividends","guide:investment-products-japan","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:reits-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"A high dividend yield is not automatically safer or better — it can reflect a falling price or an unsustainable payout, and high-dividend strategies concentrate sectors; focus on total return, not yield alone, and mind the tax treatment.\nDividend yield and yield traps, sector concentration, total return vs income, and tax/NISA considerations.\nDividend yield = dividend ÷ price, so a falling price can mechanically raise the yield (a \"yield trap\").\nHigh-dividend funds and ETFs tend to concentrate in mature, dividend-paying sectors.\nTotal return (price change plus income) matters more than headline yield.\nA distribution is not free money — the asset’s value generally adjusts down when it pays.\nFor NISA, share/ETF/REIT dividends need the proportional allocation method to stay tax-free.\nYield, and the yield trap\nDividend yield is the annual dividend divided by the price. Because price is the denominator, a yield can rise simply because the share price fell — sometimes signalling that the market expects the dividend to be cut. This is the classic \"yield trap\": chasing the highest yield can lead you into companies whose high yield reflects trouble, not generosity.\nA high yield is therefore not evidence of safety. Assess whether the payout is sustainable from earnings and cash flow, not just how large it looks today. A moderate, well-covered dividend from a healthy business can be far more reliable than a headline yield from a struggling one.\nConcentration and total return\nHigh-dividend funds and ETFs screen for yield, which tends to concentrate holdings in mature, dividend-paying sectors and tilt away from lower-yielding growth areas. That creates factor and sector biases you may not intend — a \"high-dividend\" fund is an active-style bet on a slice of the market, not a neutral diversified holding.\nThe more useful lens is total return: price change plus income together. A distribution is not free return — when a fund or company pays out, its value generally adjusts down by roughly that amount, so income and capital are two sides of the same coin. For long-term accumulation, a broad fund that retains and reinvests income can compound more simply than a high-payout strategy.\nTax, NISA, and the retirement myth\nTaxes matter for income strategies. Outside NISA, dividends are generally taxed at 20.315%, and frequent distributions create recurring taxable events. Inside NISA, share, ETF, and REIT dividends require the proportional allocation method to be tax-free, and foreign dividends can still face source-country withholding.\nFinally, a common misconception is that dividends should fund retirement. Relying only on high-dividend securities concentrates risk and can force you into yield traps; a total-return approach — holding a diversified portfolio and selling small amounts as needed — is often more robust and better diversified than chasing income. Income has a role, but it is not automatically safer.","url":"/en/investing/high-dividend-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:reits-japan:en","entityId":"guide:reits-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"REIT funds and J-REITs","plainText":"REITs are listed trusts that own income-producing property; they offer property exposure and income but behave with equity-like volatility and are sensitive to interest rates and leverage — a satellite holding, not a substitute for safe bonds.\nWhat REITs are, Japanese vs global, interest-rate sensitivity, leverage and property risk, and their portfolio role.\nREITs (不動産投資信託) own income-producing real estate and trade like shares.\nJ-REITs are Japanese; global REIT funds add foreign property and currency exposure.\nREITs are sensitive to interest rates: rising rates often pressure prices.\nLeverage and property-sector concentration add risk beyond ordinary equities.\nTreat REITs as a satellite for diversification and income, not as a safe-bond replacement.\nWhat REITs are\nA REIT (Real Estate Investment Trust, 不動産投資信託) is a listed or unlisted trust that owns and operates income-producing property — offices, retail, logistics, residential, or hotels — and passes rental income to investors. Because they trade on an exchange (for J-REITs) or via funds, they give property exposure without the cost and illiquidity of buying a building directly.\nYou can hold REITs through individual listed J-REITs, a broad J-REIT ETF, or a REIT fund (Japanese or global). A global REIT fund adds foreign property and, being unhedged, foreign-currency exposure on top of the property risk.\nRate sensitivity, leverage, and volatility\nREITs are notably sensitive to interest rates. Because they rely on borrowing and their income is valued against prevailing yields, rising interest rates often pressure REIT prices, while falling rates can support them. This rate link means REITs can fall even when broad equities are steady, and vice versa.\nThey also use leverage (borrowing to buy property) and can be concentrated in specific property sectors, both of which amplify risk. In practice REITs display equity-like volatility and can suffer large drawdowns. They are income-oriented, but that income comes with real capital risk.\nPortfolio role\nA common mistake is treating REITs as a safe, bond-like income source. They are not: their equity-like volatility and rate sensitivity make them a growth/income asset, not a stability anchor. If your goal is to reduce portfolio volatility or match yen liabilities, safe bonds or cash do that job; REITs do not replace them.\nUsed deliberately, a modest REIT allocation can add diversification (property returns are not identical to broad equities) and income to a portfolio. Size it as a satellite, understand the rate and leverage risks, and check NISA eligibility and dividend receipt method if you hold them there.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/reits-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:high-dividend-investing","guide:investment-products-japan","guide:diversification-asset-allocation"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"REITs are listed trusts that own income-producing property; they offer property exposure and income but behave with equity-like volatility and are sensitive to interest rates and leverage — a satellite holding, not a substitute for safe bonds.\nWhat REITs are, Japanese vs global, interest-rate sensitivity, leverage and property risk, and their portfolio role.\nREITs (不動産投資信託) own income-producing real estate and trade like shares.\nJ-REITs are Japanese; global REIT funds add foreign property and currency exposure.\nREITs are sensitive to interest rates: rising rates often pressure prices.\nLeverage and property-sector concentration add risk beyond ordinary equities.\nTreat REITs as a satellite for diversification and income, not as a safe-bond replacement.\nWhat REITs are\nA REIT (Real Estate Investment Trust, 不動産投資信託) is a listed or unlisted trust that owns and operates income-producing property — offices, retail, logistics, residential, or hotels — and passes rental income to investors. Because they trade on an exchange (for J-REITs) or via funds, they give property exposure without the cost and illiquidity of buying a building directly.\nYou can hold REITs through individual listed J-REITs, a broad J-REIT ETF, or a REIT fund (Japanese or global). A global REIT fund adds foreign property and, being unhedged, foreign-currency exposure on top of the property risk.\nRate sensitivity, leverage, and volatility\nREITs are notably sensitive to interest rates. Because they rely on borrowing and their income is valued against prevailing yields, rising interest rates often pressure REIT prices, while falling rates can support them. This rate link means REITs can fall even when broad equities are steady, and vice versa.\nThey also use leverage (borrowing to buy property) and can be concentrated in specific property sectors, both of which amplify risk. In practice REITs display equity-like volatility and can suffer large drawdowns. They are income-oriented, but that income comes with real capital risk.\nPortfolio role\nA common mistake is treating REITs as a safe, bond-like income source. They are not: their equity-like volatility and rate sensitivity make them a growth/income asset, not a stability anchor. If your goal is to reduce portfolio volatility or match yen liabilities, safe bonds or cash do that job; REITs do not replace them.\nUsed deliberately, a modest REIT allocation can add diversification (property returns are not identical to broad equities) and income to a portfolio. Size it as a satellite, understand the rate and leverage risks, and check NISA eligibility and dividend receipt method if you hold them there.","url":"/en/investing/reits-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ideco-complete-guide:en","entityId":"guide:ideco-complete-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"iDeCo: the complete guide","plainText":"iDeCo is a private defined-contribution pension whose contributions are generally fully deductible from income and whose growth is tax-deferred, in exchange for locking the money until eligible retirement age; limits depend on employment and employer-pension coverage.\nEligibility, contribution limits, the three tax advantages, product menus, fees, withdrawal restrictions, and upcoming changes.\nThree tax advantages: deductible contributions, tax-deferred growth, and retirement/pension deductions on receipt.\nMinimum contribution is normally ¥5,000/month in ¥1,000 increments; limits depend on your pension category.\nMoney is generally locked until eligible retirement age — no emergency withdrawals.\nYou choose from the plan administrator’s menu; watch account and product fees.\nRule changes scheduled from December 2026 broaden some limits — verify current figures when enrolling.\nThe three tax advantages\niDeCo (個人型確定拠出年金) is a private defined-contribution pension with three tax advantages. First, contributions are generally fully deductible from your income, so they reduce this year’s income tax and resident tax — an immediate, certain benefit that scales with your marginal rate. Second, investment returns accumulate without current tax (tax-deferred). Third, retirement or pension deductions may apply when you eventually receive the money.\nThis up-front deduction is what can make iDeCo outrank NISA for higher earners: NISA’s benefit is tax-free growth, while iDeCo adds a certain deduction today. The trade-off is liquidity, discussed below.\nEligibility, limits, and fees\nMost working-age residents can join, but contribution limits depend on your pension category — self-employed (Category 1), employees (Category 2), and dependent spouses (Category 3) have different ceilings, and an employer defined-contribution or defined-benefit plan can reduce your iDeCo room. Minimum contributions are normally ¥5,000 per month in ¥1,000 increments.\nYou invest from the plan administrator’s menu, typically low-cost index funds plus target-date and principal-protected options. Watch fees: iDeCo carries account-management and administrative charges on top of fund expenses, so a low-cost administrator and low-cost funds matter over a multi-decade horizon.\nWithdrawal restrictions and upcoming changes\nThe defining constraint is lock-up: iDeCo funds are generally inaccessible until eligible retirement age, and you cannot make an emergency withdrawal. This is why iDeCo suits money you are confident you will not need before retirement, and why NISA — fully flexible — usually comes first for general saving. Employer-plan interactions and receipt taxation also deserve attention: how you take the money (lump sum vs pension) affects the applicable deductions.\nRules are changing: reforms scheduled from December 2026 broaden some contribution limits. Anyone enrolling around that date should verify the implemented figures rather than relying on pre-change numbers, and confirm how the changes interact with any employer plan.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/ideco-complete-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:nisa-when-not-first","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/nationalpension/nationalpension.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/employeespension/employee.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"iDeCo is a private defined-contribution pension whose contributions are generally fully deductible from income and whose growth is tax-deferred, in exchange for locking the money until eligible retirement age; limits depend on employment and employer-pension coverage.\nEligibility, contribution limits, the three tax advantages, product menus, fees, withdrawal restrictions, and upcoming changes.\nThree tax advantages: deductible contributions, tax-deferred growth, and retirement/pension deductions on receipt.\nMinimum contribution is normally ¥5,000/month in ¥1,000 increments; limits depend on your pension category.\nMoney is generally locked until eligible retirement age — no emergency withdrawals.\nYou choose from the plan administrator’s menu; watch account and product fees.\nRule changes scheduled from December 2026 broaden some limits — verify current figures when enrolling.\nThe three tax advantages\niDeCo (個人型確定拠出年金) is a private defined-contribution pension with three tax advantages. First, contributions are generally fully deductible from your income, so they reduce this year’s income tax and resident tax — an immediate, certain benefit that scales with your marginal rate. Second, investment returns accumulate without current tax (tax-deferred). Third, retirement or pension deductions may apply when you eventually receive the money.\nThis up-front deduction is what can make iDeCo outrank NISA for higher earners: NISA’s benefit is tax-free growth, while iDeCo adds a certain deduction today. The trade-off is liquidity, discussed below.\nEligibility, limits, and fees\nMost working-age residents can join, but contribution limits depend on your pension category — self-employed (Category 1), employees (Category 2), and dependent spouses (Category 3) have different ceilings, and an employer defined-contribution or defined-benefit plan can reduce your iDeCo room. Minimum contributions are normally ¥5,000 per month in ¥1,000 increments.\nYou invest from the plan administrator’s menu, typically low-cost index funds plus target-date and principal-protected options. Watch fees: iDeCo carries account-management and administrative charges on top of fund expenses, so a low-cost administrator and low-cost funds matter over a multi-decade horizon.\nWithdrawal restrictions and upcoming changes\nThe defining constraint is lock-up: iDeCo funds are generally inaccessible until eligible retirement age, and you cannot make an emergency withdrawal. This is why iDeCo suits money you are confident you will not need before retirement, and why NISA — fully flexible — usually comes first for general saving. Employer-plan interactions and receipt taxation also deserve attention: how you take the money (lump sum vs pension) affects the applicable deductions.\nRules are changing: reforms scheduled from December 2026 broaden some contribution limits. Anyone enrolling around that date should verify the implemented figures rather than relying on pre-change numbers, and confirm how the changes interact with any employer plan.","url":"/en/investing/ideco-complete-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japanese-government-bonds:en","entityId":"guide:japanese-government-bonds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Retail Japanese Government Bonds (JGBs)","plainText":"Retail JGBs come in fixed 3-year, fixed 5-year, and floating 10-year forms with a ¥10,000 minimum, monthly issuance, government-backed principal, and a minimum-rate floor; they can be redeemed after one year with a deduction of the preceding two interest payments.\nFixed three-year, fixed five-year, and floating ten-year bonds — minimums, interest, early redemption, and how they compare to deposits and bond funds.\nThree types: fixed 3-year, fixed 5-year, and floating 10-year (rate resets with market rates).\nMinimum investment ¥10,000, issued monthly, with a minimum-rate (floor) provision.\nPrincipal is protected by the government; interest is taxable.\nEarly redemption is allowed after one year, minus the previous two interest payments.\nJGBs suit stability-seeking money; expected returns are low and inflation erodes real value.\nThe three types\nRetail JGBs (個人向け国債) come in three forms. The fixed 3-year and fixed 5-year bonds lock a rate for the term, giving predictable interest. The floating 10-year bond resets its rate periodically in line with market rates, so its interest can rise or fall over time. All three are issued monthly, so you do not have to wait for a special window to buy.\nOfficial Ministry of Finance material sets a ¥10,000 minimum and a minimum-rate (floor) provision, so the interest rate cannot fall below a stated minimum even when market rates are very low. Interest is taxable in the normal way.\nPrincipal and early redemption\nA key feature is that principal is protected by the government: at maturity you receive your ¥10,000-unit principal back in full. Early redemption is permitted after holding for one year, but with a penalty — the previous two interest payments are deducted from the amount you receive. So JGBs are liquid after year one, at a modest cost.\nThis combination — government-backed principal, a small minimum, monthly issuance, and a rate floor — makes retail JGBs a conservative instrument. But their expected return is low, and like all fixed-yen assets they carry inflation risk: if prices rise faster than the interest, your real purchasing power can still decline.\nJGBs vs deposits and bond funds\nCompared with a time deposit, a JGB offers government backing beyond deposit insurance’s ¥10m per-bank limit and monthly availability, but a time deposit may offer a comparable or higher rate and simpler mechanics. Compared with a bond fund, a JGB has no market-price volatility if held to maturity and no fund fee, whereas a bond fund fluctuates in price, may hold longer-duration or foreign bonds, and adds currency and manager considerations.\nJGBs are excluded from NISA, which is for equities, funds, and eligible listed securities rather than ordinary government bonds. Think of retail JGBs as a stability tool for money you want government-safe and reasonably liquid, not as a growth engine.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/japanese-government-bonds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:saving-vs-investing","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:investment-products-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Finance","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/jgbs/individual/kojinmuke/","official":true},{"publisher":"Deposit Insurance Corporation of Japan","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Retail JGBs come in fixed 3-year, fixed 5-year, and floating 10-year forms with a ¥10,000 minimum, monthly issuance, government-backed principal, and a minimum-rate floor; they can be redeemed after one year with a deduction of the preceding two interest payments.\nFixed three-year, fixed five-year, and floating ten-year bonds — minimums, interest, early redemption, and how they compare to deposits and bond funds.\nThree types: fixed 3-year, fixed 5-year, and floating 10-year (rate resets with market rates).\nMinimum investment ¥10,000, issued monthly, with a minimum-rate (floor) provision.\nPrincipal is protected by the government; interest is taxable.\nEarly redemption is allowed after one year, minus the previous two interest payments.\nJGBs suit stability-seeking money; expected returns are low and inflation erodes real value.\nThe three types\nRetail JGBs (個人向け国債) come in three forms. The fixed 3-year and fixed 5-year bonds lock a rate for the term, giving predictable interest. The floating 10-year bond resets its rate periodically in line with market rates, so its interest can rise or fall over time. All three are issued monthly, so you do not have to wait for a special window to buy.\nOfficial Ministry of Finance material sets a ¥10,000 minimum and a minimum-rate (floor) provision, so the interest rate cannot fall below a stated minimum even when market rates are very low. Interest is taxable in the normal way.\nPrincipal and early redemption\nA key feature is that principal is protected by the government: at maturity you receive your ¥10,000-unit principal back in full. Early redemption is permitted after holding for one year, but with a penalty — the previous two interest payments are deducted from the amount you receive. So JGBs are liquid after year one, at a modest cost.\nThis combination — government-backed principal, a small minimum, monthly issuance, and a rate floor — makes retail JGBs a conservative instrument. But their expected return is low, and like all fixed-yen assets they carry inflation risk: if prices rise faster than the interest, your real purchasing power can still decline.\nJGBs vs deposits and bond funds\nCompared with a time deposit, a JGB offers government backing beyond deposit insurance’s ¥10m per-bank limit and monthly availability, but a time deposit may offer a comparable or higher rate and simpler mechanics. Compared with a bond fund, a JGB has no market-price volatility if held to maturity and no fund fee, whereas a bond fund fluctuates in price, may hold longer-duration or foreign bonds, and adds currency and manager considerations.\nJGBs are excluded from NISA, which is for equities, funds, and eligible listed securities rather than ordinary government bonds. Think of retail JGBs as a stability tool for money you want government-safe and reasonably liquid, not as a growth engine.","url":"/en/investing/japanese-government-bonds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:credit-card-investing:en","entityId":"guide:credit-card-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Credit-card investing in Japan","plainText":"Credit-card tsumitate lets you fund monthly fund purchases (typically up to ¥100,000/month) with a partner card and earn points, but the value depends heavily on card annual fees and spending conditions — calculate reward minus card cost, and never chase points into the wrong fund.\nHow credit-card tsumitate works, monthly limits, reward rates and card fees, eligible funds, and how to calculate the real value.\nA partner credit card funds monthly fund purchases, typically capped around ¥100,000/month.\nReward rates vary by card and often depend on annual non-investment spending or premium-card fees.\nA 1% reward on ¥100,000/month is ¥12,000/year — easily erased by a ¥33,000 card annual fee.\nEligible funds and brokers are specific; card investing can be used inside NISA at supporting brokers.\nPoints are a fee rebate, not an investment thesis — the fund choice must stand on its own.\nHow credit-card tsumitate works\nSeveral brokers let you pay for monthly recurring fund purchases with a designated partner credit card instead of cash from your bank — this is \"credit-card tsumitate.\" You earn the card’s points on the investment amount, and the purchase can often sit inside NISA at supporting brokers. Monthly amounts are typically capped around ¥100,000.\nMajor ecosystems include SBI with SMBC/Olive cards, Rakuten Securities with Rakuten Card, Monex with d Card, Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart with MUFG or au PAY cards, and PayPay Securities with PayPay Card. Each pairs a broker with a card program, and the reward structures differ substantially.\nReward rates and card fees\nReward rates are where the marketing gets complicated. Published rates range from near zero on some basic cards to materially higher rates on premium cards, and they often depend on conditions such as annual non-investment spending on the card, the card tier, or first-year promotions. Reported examples include roughly 0.5% on standard cards, higher rates (up to around 1–2% or more) on premium cards, and eye-catching first-year or campaign rates that are not the ongoing rate.\nSeparate the recurring rate from temporary or first-year bonuses, and always subtract the card’s annual fee. Treat the advertised maximum as conditional marketing, not the rate you will actually earn month after month.\nCalculating the real value\nDo the arithmetic before committing. A 1% reward on ¥100,000 a month is ¥12,000 a year. Paying a ¥33,000 annual card fee purely to obtain that reward is irrational unless the card’s other benefits provide at least another ¥21,000 of genuine value you would use anyway. The rule: calculate reward minus annual card fee minus any incremental spending you would not otherwise do.\nAnd never let points determine the investment. Points are a small rebate on fees, not a reason to buy a worse fund or a fund that does not fit your plan. Choose the account, allocation, and fund first; then, if a card you already value happens to offer a good tsumitate rate, treat the points as a modest bonus.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/credit-card-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:robo-advisors-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://go.sbisec.co.jp/prd/fund/creditcard/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/fund/saving/card.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex Securities","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/fund/card-tsumitate/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Credit-card tsumitate lets you fund monthly fund purchases (typically up to ¥100,000/month) with a partner card and earn points, but the value depends heavily on card annual fees and spending conditions — calculate reward minus card cost, and never chase points into the wrong fund.\nHow credit-card tsumitate works, monthly limits, reward rates and card fees, eligible funds, and how to calculate the real value.\nA partner credit card funds monthly fund purchases, typically capped around ¥100,000/month.\nReward rates vary by card and often depend on annual non-investment spending or premium-card fees.\nA 1% reward on ¥100,000/month is ¥12,000/year — easily erased by a ¥33,000 card annual fee.\nEligible funds and brokers are specific; card investing can be used inside NISA at supporting brokers.\nPoints are a fee rebate, not an investment thesis — the fund choice must stand on its own.\nHow credit-card tsumitate works\nSeveral brokers let you pay for monthly recurring fund purchases with a designated partner credit card instead of cash from your bank — this is \"credit-card tsumitate.\" You earn the card’s points on the investment amount, and the purchase can often sit inside NISA at supporting brokers. Monthly amounts are typically capped around ¥100,000.\nMajor ecosystems include SBI with SMBC/Olive cards, Rakuten Securities with Rakuten Card, Monex with d Card, Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart with MUFG or au PAY cards, and PayPay Securities with PayPay Card. Each pairs a broker with a card program, and the reward structures differ substantially.\nReward rates and card fees\nReward rates are where the marketing gets complicated. Published rates range from near zero on some basic cards to materially higher rates on premium cards, and they often depend on conditions such as annual non-investment spending on the card, the card tier, or first-year promotions. Reported examples include roughly 0.5% on standard cards, higher rates (up to around 1–2% or more) on premium cards, and eye-catching first-year or campaign rates that are not the ongoing rate.\nSeparate the recurring rate from temporary or first-year bonuses, and always subtract the card’s annual fee. Treat the advertised maximum as conditional marketing, not the rate you will actually earn month after month.\nCalculating the real value\nDo the arithmetic before committing. A 1% reward on ¥100,000 a month is ¥12,000 a year. Paying a ¥33,000 annual card fee purely to obtain that reward is irrational unless the card’s other benefits provide at least another ¥21,000 of genuine value you would use anyway. The rule: calculate reward minus annual card fee minus any incremental spending you would not otherwise do.\nAnd never let points determine the investment. Points are a small rebate on fees, not a reason to buy a worse fund or a fund that does not fit your plan. Choose the account, allocation, and fund first; then, if a card you already value happens to offer a good tsumitate rate, treat the points as a modest bonus.","url":"/en/investing/credit-card-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:robo-advisors-japan:en","entityId":"guide:robo-advisors-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Robo-advisors in Japan","plainText":"Robo-advisors automate asset allocation and rebalancing for an advisory fee (often around 1% annually), which is far higher than a self-managed index fund; they are most defensible when they prevent damaging behaviour or provide planning worth the recurring cost.\nWhat robo-advisors do, their fee layers, NISA implementation, and how they compare with DIY index investing.\nRobo-advisors automate allocation, rebalancing, and sometimes tax features for a fee.\nAdvisory fees are often around 1% annually — plus the underlying ETF/fund costs.\nA 1% fee on ¥10m is about ¥100,000 a year before compounding — a large drag over decades.\nNISA implementation varies: some support both allowances, some only growth, some only via a linked fund.\nA robo-advisor is most justified when it changes your behaviour or provides planning you would not do yourself.\nWhat robo-advisors do\nA robo-advisor (ロボアドバイザー) asks about your goals and risk tolerance, then builds and automatically maintains a diversified portfolio — usually of ETFs — handling allocation, periodic rebalancing, and sometimes tax-management features. The appeal is convenience: you delegate the ongoing decisions and the discipline of rebalancing.\nJapanese services include WealthNavi, SUSTEN, ON COMPASS, THEO, FOLIO ROBOPRO, and Rakuten Wrap, among others. They differ in strategy, fee structure, and how they implement NISA, so they are not interchangeable.\nThe fee layers\nThe central trade-off is cost. Robo-advisors typically charge an advisory (wrap) fee, often around 1% annually, on top of the expenses of the underlying ETFs or funds they hold — so the all-in cost is the advisory fee plus the product costs. Published fee structures vary widely, some lower and some with performance-fee options; verify the current figures for any specific service.\nCompounding makes this material: a 1% annual advisory fee on a ¥10 million portfolio is roughly ¥100,000 each year before compounding and before underlying costs, and over decades that drag can consume a large share of returns. A self-managed low-cost index fund can cost a small fraction of that.\nNISA and robo vs DIY\nNISA implementation varies by service: some support both allowances, some only the growth allowance at participating institutions, and some implement NISA indirectly through a linked fund rather than the main discretionary account — which can be confusing. Check exactly how a service uses NISA before assuming your contributions are tax-advantaged.\nA robo-advisor is most defensible when it prevents damaging behaviour (panic selling, never rebalancing), implements an allocation you would not maintain alone, or provides planning genuinely worth the fee. If you are willing to buy one broad low-cost index fund and leave it alone, a DIY approach captures most of the same diversification at a fraction of the cost. The honest question is whether the automation and behaviour management justify the recurring fee for you.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/robo-advisors-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:credit-card-investing","guide:compound-growth"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Robo-advisors automate asset allocation and rebalancing for an advisory fee (often around 1% annually), which is far higher than a self-managed index fund; they are most defensible when they prevent damaging behaviour or provide planning worth the recurring cost.\nWhat robo-advisors do, their fee layers, NISA implementation, and how they compare with DIY index investing.\nRobo-advisors automate allocation, rebalancing, and sometimes tax features for a fee.\nAdvisory fees are often around 1% annually — plus the underlying ETF/fund costs.\nA 1% fee on ¥10m is about ¥100,000 a year before compounding — a large drag over decades.\nNISA implementation varies: some support both allowances, some only growth, some only via a linked fund.\nA robo-advisor is most justified when it changes your behaviour or provides planning you would not do yourself.\nWhat robo-advisors do\nA robo-advisor (ロボアドバイザー) asks about your goals and risk tolerance, then builds and automatically maintains a diversified portfolio — usually of ETFs — handling allocation, periodic rebalancing, and sometimes tax-management features. The appeal is convenience: you delegate the ongoing decisions and the discipline of rebalancing.\nJapanese services include WealthNavi, SUSTEN, ON COMPASS, THEO, FOLIO ROBOPRO, and Rakuten Wrap, among others. They differ in strategy, fee structure, and how they implement NISA, so they are not interchangeable.\nThe fee layers\nThe central trade-off is cost. Robo-advisors typically charge an advisory (wrap) fee, often around 1% annually, on top of the expenses of the underlying ETFs or funds they hold — so the all-in cost is the advisory fee plus the product costs. Published fee structures vary widely, some lower and some with performance-fee options; verify the current figures for any specific service.\nCompounding makes this material: a 1% annual advisory fee on a ¥10 million portfolio is roughly ¥100,000 each year before compounding and before underlying costs, and over decades that drag can consume a large share of returns. A self-managed low-cost index fund can cost a small fraction of that.\nNISA and robo vs DIY\nNISA implementation varies by service: some support both allowances, some only the growth allowance at participating institutions, and some implement NISA indirectly through a linked fund rather than the main discretionary account — which can be confusing. Check exactly how a service uses NISA before assuming your contributions are tax-advantaged.\nA robo-advisor is most defensible when it prevents damaging behaviour (panic selling, never rebalancing), implements an allocation you would not maintain alone, or provides planning genuinely worth the fee. If you are willing to buy one broad low-cost index fund and leave it alone, a DIY approach captures most of the same diversification at a fraction of the cost. The honest question is whether the automation and behaviour management justify the recurring fee for you.","url":"/en/investing/robo-advisors-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:global-equity-funds:en","entityId":"guide:global-equity-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Global equity funds in Japan","plainText":"Global equity funds hold shares across many countries in one product; all-country versions include developed, emerging, and Japanese markets, making a single fund a complete equity core for long horizons.\nAll-country vs developed-only, whether Japan is included, emerging markets, cost, and who they suit.\nAll-country funds span developed, emerging, and Japanese equities in one holding.\nDeveloped-only versions exclude emerging markets (and sometimes Japan) — check the exact benchmark.\nOne broad global fund diversifies across thousands of companies with minimal maintenance.\nMost are unhedged, so they carry yen currency risk alongside equity risk.\nCompare benchmark, cost, tracking difference, and AUM — not last year’s return.\nAll-country vs developed-only\nGlobal equity funds come in two broad flavours. An all-country fund (tracking an MSCI ACWI-type benchmark) holds developed markets, emerging markets, and Japan together — one product that approximates owning the whole listed world by market weight. A developed-only fund excludes emerging markets, and some developed benchmarks also exclude Japan, leaving you to add those sleeves separately.\nFor a beginner wanting simplicity, an all-country fund is the cleanest single-fund equity core. If you prefer to control the emerging-market or Japan weight yourself, a developed-only fund plus separate allocations is possible but more work.\nCost, currency, and providers\nCompetitive Japanese global-equity index funds have very low trust fees, and several well-known low-cost options exist across fund families. Because the differences are small, also weigh tracking difference (how faithfully the fund delivers its index after costs) and assets under management (larger funds face less closure risk).\nMost global funds are unhedged, so your yen return reflects both world equity performance and the yen exchange rate. This currency exposure is a deliberate diversification for many long-horizon investors, but understand it before buying. Availability is broker-specific; confirm the exact fund and NISA eligibility at your broker.\nRole in a portfolio\nA single all-country fund can serve as your entire equity allocation, because it already holds the world by market weight. Whether that is your entire portfolio depends on whether you also need bonds or cash for stability — a 100% equity holding, even a globally diversified one, can still fall around 50% in a severe market. Combine it with safe assets according to how much loss you can tolerate.\nBecause one global fund is self-diversifying and low-maintenance, most beginners do not need a second equity fund on top of it. Adding an S&P 500 or Japan fund alongside mostly overlaps or tilts the weights, which is a deliberate choice rather than extra diversification.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/global-equity-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:all-country-vs-sp500","guide:us-equity-funds","guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:how-to-compare-funds"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Global equity funds hold shares across many countries in one product; all-country versions include developed, emerging, and Japanese markets, making a single fund a complete equity core for long horizons.\nAll-country vs developed-only, whether Japan is included, emerging markets, cost, and who they suit.\nAll-country funds span developed, emerging, and Japanese equities in one holding.\nDeveloped-only versions exclude emerging markets (and sometimes Japan) — check the exact benchmark.\nOne broad global fund diversifies across thousands of companies with minimal maintenance.\nMost are unhedged, so they carry yen currency risk alongside equity risk.\nCompare benchmark, cost, tracking difference, and AUM — not last year’s return.\nAll-country vs developed-only\nGlobal equity funds come in two broad flavours. An all-country fund (tracking an MSCI ACWI-type benchmark) holds developed markets, emerging markets, and Japan together — one product that approximates owning the whole listed world by market weight. A developed-only fund excludes emerging markets, and some developed benchmarks also exclude Japan, leaving you to add those sleeves separately.\nFor a beginner wanting simplicity, an all-country fund is the cleanest single-fund equity core. If you prefer to control the emerging-market or Japan weight yourself, a developed-only fund plus separate allocations is possible but more work.\nCost, currency, and providers\nCompetitive Japanese global-equity index funds have very low trust fees, and several well-known low-cost options exist across fund families. Because the differences are small, also weigh tracking difference (how faithfully the fund delivers its index after costs) and assets under management (larger funds face less closure risk).\nMost global funds are unhedged, so your yen return reflects both world equity performance and the yen exchange rate. This currency exposure is a deliberate diversification for many long-horizon investors, but understand it before buying. Availability is broker-specific; confirm the exact fund and NISA eligibility at your broker.\nRole in a portfolio\nA single all-country fund can serve as your entire equity allocation, because it already holds the world by market weight. Whether that is your entire portfolio depends on whether you also need bonds or cash for stability — a 100% equity holding, even a globally diversified one, can still fall around 50% in a severe market. Combine it with safe assets according to how much loss you can tolerate.\nBecause one global fund is self-diversifying and low-maintenance, most beginners do not need a second equity fund on top of it. Adding an S&P 500 or Japan fund alongside mostly overlaps or tilts the weights, which is a deliberate choice rather than extra diversification.","url":"/en/investing/global-equity-funds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:us-equity-funds:en","entityId":"guide:us-equity-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"S&P 500 and US equity funds in Japan","plainText":"US equity funds concentrate in one country’s market; the S&P 500 covers large US companies while total-market funds add mid and small caps — both carry US concentration and, for a yen investor, currency risk.\nS&P 500 vs total US market, major Japanese mutual funds, US concentration, currency risk, and NISA availability.\nS&P 500 funds hold large US companies; total-market funds add mid and small caps.\nLow-cost Japanese mutual funds track the S&P 500 (and some use Vanguard-based structures).\nUS funds are diversified across companies but concentrated in one country and valuation regime.\nUnhedged US funds add yen currency risk on top of US equity risk.\nEligible US-equity funds fit NISA; confirm the exact fund and allowance at your broker.\nS&P 500 vs total US market\nThe S&P 500 tracks around 500 large US companies and is the most common US-equity benchmark; a total US market fund covers a broader set including mid and small caps. Over long periods the two behave similarly because large caps dominate, but the total-market version is slightly more diversified within the US.\nBoth are US-only. That means excellent diversification across American companies and sectors, but no diversification across countries — your outcome depends heavily on one economy and one valuation regime. Deciding on US concentration is a deliberate choice, not a neutral default.\nFunds, currency, and NISA\nSeveral low-cost Japanese mutual funds track the S&P 500, and some use Vanguard-related underlying structures. As always, compare the exact benchmark, total cost (including any underlying-fund expense for funds-of-funds), tracking difference, and AUM rather than picking by recent return.\nMost are unhedged, so a strengthening yen can erase US gains in yen terms and a weak yen can add to them. Eligible US-equity funds can sit in NISA’s recurring or growth allowance depending on the product; confirm eligibility and whether recurring purchases are supported. US taxpayers must separately check PFIC treatment.\nUS concentration in context\nA US-equity fund is a bet that US companies will keep leading. Historically the US has been a large and strong market, but no country outperforms forever, and buying after a long run of strong US returns is not a reason to expect the same ahead. Treat a US fund as a deliberate concentration, sized to how comfortable you are depending on one economy.\nMany investors hold a US fund as a tilt on top of a global core rather than as the whole portfolio. If you already own an all-country fund, adding an S&P 500 fund mainly increases your US weight rather than adding diversification — a valid choice if intended, but understand what it does.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/us-equity-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:all-country-vs-sp500","guide:global-equity-funds","guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:currency-risk-yen"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"US equity funds concentrate in one country’s market; the S&P 500 covers large US companies while total-market funds add mid and small caps — both carry US concentration and, for a yen investor, currency risk.\nS&P 500 vs total US market, major Japanese mutual funds, US concentration, currency risk, and NISA availability.\nS&P 500 funds hold large US companies; total-market funds add mid and small caps.\nLow-cost Japanese mutual funds track the S&P 500 (and some use Vanguard-based structures).\nUS funds are diversified across companies but concentrated in one country and valuation regime.\nUnhedged US funds add yen currency risk on top of US equity risk.\nEligible US-equity funds fit NISA; confirm the exact fund and allowance at your broker.\nS&P 500 vs total US market\nThe S&P 500 tracks around 500 large US companies and is the most common US-equity benchmark; a total US market fund covers a broader set including mid and small caps. Over long periods the two behave similarly because large caps dominate, but the total-market version is slightly more diversified within the US.\nBoth are US-only. That means excellent diversification across American companies and sectors, but no diversification across countries — your outcome depends heavily on one economy and one valuation regime. Deciding on US concentration is a deliberate choice, not a neutral default.\nFunds, currency, and NISA\nSeveral low-cost Japanese mutual funds track the S&P 500, and some use Vanguard-related underlying structures. As always, compare the exact benchmark, total cost (including any underlying-fund expense for funds-of-funds), tracking difference, and AUM rather than picking by recent return.\nMost are unhedged, so a strengthening yen can erase US gains in yen terms and a weak yen can add to them. Eligible US-equity funds can sit in NISA’s recurring or growth allowance depending on the product; confirm eligibility and whether recurring purchases are supported. US taxpayers must separately check PFIC treatment.\nUS concentration in context\nA US-equity fund is a bet that US companies will keep leading. Historically the US has been a large and strong market, but no country outperforms forever, and buying after a long run of strong US returns is not a reason to expect the same ahead. Treat a US fund as a deliberate concentration, sized to how comfortable you are depending on one economy.\nMany investors hold a US fund as a tilt on top of a global core rather than as the whole portfolio. If you already own an all-country fund, adding an S&P 500 fund mainly increases your US weight rather than adding diversification — a valid choice if intended, but understand what it does.","url":"/en/investing/us-equity-funds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:all-country-vs-sp500:en","entityId":"guide:all-country-vs-sp500","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"All-country vs S&P 500 funds","plainText":"An all-country fund spreads across many countries including the US and Japan, while an S&P 500 fund concentrates in large US companies; the choice is between global diversification and a deliberate US bet — and holding both mostly duplicates US exposure.\nWhat each includes, concentration, currency exposure, cost, overlap, and which investor each may fit.\nAll-country ≈ the whole listed world by market weight (the US is already its largest part).\nS&P 500 = large US companies only; higher concentration in one country.\nBecause the US is ~60%+ of a global index, holding both mostly overlaps.\nAll-country adds currency and country diversification; S&P 500 is a one-country valuation bet.\nDo not choose based on recent performance — that reflects one regime, not the future.\nWhat each includes\nAn all-country fund holds companies across developed markets, emerging markets, and Japan, weighted by market size. Because US companies are the largest share of global market value, the US is already the biggest single component of an all-country fund — often well over half. An S&P 500 fund holds only large US companies.\nSo the practical difference is the non-US portion: an all-country fund adds Japan, Europe, other developed markets, and emerging markets that the S&P 500 leaves out. If you hold both, you are mostly buying the same US large caps twice, with a smaller genuine addition of non-US exposure from the all-country fund.\nWhich fits you\nChoose an all-country fund if you want a single, hands-off, globally diversified equity holding and prefer not to bet on one country. Choose an S&P 500 fund if you deliberately want US concentration and accept the single-country risk. There is no universally correct answer, and recent US outperformance is not a reliable reason — it reflects one historical regime.\nThe overlap warning matters most: buying both an all-country and an S&P 500 fund does not double your diversification; it just overweights the US relative to the rest of the world. If you want more US than global weights imply, that is a valid choice — just make it deliberately, not by accidentally stacking overlapping funds.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/all-country-vs-sp500","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:global-equity-funds","guide:us-equity-funds","guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:diversification-asset-allocation"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"An all-country fund spreads across many countries including the US and Japan, while an S&P 500 fund concentrates in large US companies; the choice is between global diversification and a deliberate US bet — and holding both mostly duplicates US exposure.\nWhat each includes, concentration, currency exposure, cost, overlap, and which investor each may fit.\nAll-country ≈ the whole listed world by market weight (the US is already its largest part).\nS&P 500 = large US companies only; higher concentration in one country.\nBecause the US is ~60%+ of a global index, holding both mostly overlaps.\nAll-country adds currency and country diversification; S&P 500 is a one-country valuation bet.\nDo not choose based on recent performance — that reflects one regime, not the future.\nWhat each includes\nAn all-country fund holds companies across developed markets, emerging markets, and Japan, weighted by market size. Because US companies are the largest share of global market value, the US is already the biggest single component of an all-country fund — often well over half. An S&P 500 fund holds only large US companies.\nSo the practical difference is the non-US portion: an all-country fund adds Japan, Europe, other developed markets, and emerging markets that the S&P 500 leaves out. If you hold both, you are mostly buying the same US large caps twice, with a smaller genuine addition of non-US exposure from the all-country fund.\nWhich fits you\nChoose an all-country fund if you want a single, hands-off, globally diversified equity holding and prefer not to bet on one country. Choose an S&P 500 fund if you deliberately want US concentration and accept the single-country risk. There is no universally correct answer, and recent US outperformance is not a reliable reason — it reflects one historical regime.\nThe overlap warning matters most: buying both an all-country and an S&P 500 fund does not double your diversification; it just overweights the US relative to the rest of the world. If you want more US than global weights imply, that is a valid choice — just make it deliberately, not by accidentally stacking overlapping funds.","url":"/en/investing/all-country-vs-sp500","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-equity-funds:en","entityId":"guide:japan-equity-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan equity funds","plainText":"Japan equity funds track domestic shares via TOPIX (broad, cap-weighted) or the Nikkei 225 (price-weighted, more concentrated); they suit a Japan allocation or home tilt, not a complete global portfolio.\nTOPIX vs Nikkei 225, broad-market vs active, home-country concentration, and the role within a global portfolio.\nTOPIX is a broad, capitalisation-weighted index; the Nikkei 225 is price-weighted and concentrated.\nBroad-market index funds are low-cost; active Japan funds charge more and vary in results.\nA Japan-only holding concentrates one country, currency, and sector mix.\nJapan funds are yen assets, matching yen liabilities more directly than foreign funds.\nMost investors use Japan as a sleeve within a global portfolio, not the whole thing.\nTOPIX vs Nikkei 225\nThe two headline Japanese benchmarks differ in construction. TOPIX is broad and capitalisation-weighted, covering a large swath of the market so bigger companies have proportionally more weight. The Nikkei 225 is price-weighted across 225 names, so high-priced shares dominate regardless of company size, making it more concentrated and sometimes behaving differently from TOPIX.\nFor broad, neutral Japan exposure, a TOPIX fund is usually the simpler choice. Nikkei 225 funds are popular and widely tracked but reflect that index’s particular construction quirks.\nConcentration and portfolio role\nBroad-market Japan index funds are low-cost and diversified within Japan; active Japan funds aim to beat the index but charge higher fees and deliver a wide range of results. Whichever you choose, a Japan-only holding concentrates you in one country, the yen, and Japan’s industrial/financial/export-heavy sector mix.\nThe sensible role for most global investors is a Japan sleeve within a diversified portfolio, or a modest home tilt that better matches future yen spending — not the entire equity allocation. An all-country global fund already includes Japan at market weight, so an explicit Japan fund is an addition on top of that, used deliberately.\nHow to hold Japan equity\nYou can gain Japan exposure through a broad TOPIX index fund or ETF, a Nikkei 225 fund, or — deliberately and in moderation — individual shares. For most people a broad-market index fund is the simplest way to add a Japan allocation without taking single-company risk. Confirm the fund is eligible for the NISA allowance you intend, and check the expense ratio and tracking difference.\nRemember that an all-country global fund already holds Japan at its market weight, so a separate Japan fund is an overweight on top of that. Decide the size of your home tilt on purpose, based on how much of your future spending is in yen, rather than doubling up by accident.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/japan-equity-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks","guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:global-equity-funds","guide:how-to-compare-funds"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Japan equity funds track domestic shares via TOPIX (broad, cap-weighted) or the Nikkei 225 (price-weighted, more concentrated); they suit a Japan allocation or home tilt, not a complete global portfolio.\nTOPIX vs Nikkei 225, broad-market vs active, home-country concentration, and the role within a global portfolio.\nTOPIX is a broad, capitalisation-weighted index; the Nikkei 225 is price-weighted and concentrated.\nBroad-market index funds are low-cost; active Japan funds charge more and vary in results.\nA Japan-only holding concentrates one country, currency, and sector mix.\nJapan funds are yen assets, matching yen liabilities more directly than foreign funds.\nMost investors use Japan as a sleeve within a global portfolio, not the whole thing.\nTOPIX vs Nikkei 225\nThe two headline Japanese benchmarks differ in construction. TOPIX is broad and capitalisation-weighted, covering a large swath of the market so bigger companies have proportionally more weight. The Nikkei 225 is price-weighted across 225 names, so high-priced shares dominate regardless of company size, making it more concentrated and sometimes behaving differently from TOPIX.\nFor broad, neutral Japan exposure, a TOPIX fund is usually the simpler choice. Nikkei 225 funds are popular and widely tracked but reflect that index’s particular construction quirks.\nConcentration and portfolio role\nBroad-market Japan index funds are low-cost and diversified within Japan; active Japan funds aim to beat the index but charge higher fees and deliver a wide range of results. Whichever you choose, a Japan-only holding concentrates you in one country, the yen, and Japan’s industrial/financial/export-heavy sector mix.\nThe sensible role for most global investors is a Japan sleeve within a diversified portfolio, or a modest home tilt that better matches future yen spending — not the entire equity allocation. An all-country global fund already includes Japan at market weight, so an explicit Japan fund is an addition on top of that, used deliberately.\nHow to hold Japan equity\nYou can gain Japan exposure through a broad TOPIX index fund or ETF, a Nikkei 225 fund, or — deliberately and in moderation — individual shares. For most people a broad-market index fund is the simplest way to add a Japan allocation without taking single-company risk. Confirm the fund is eligible for the NISA allowance you intend, and check the expense ratio and tracking difference.\nRemember that an all-country global fund already holds Japan at its market weight, so a separate Japan fund is an overweight on top of that. Decide the size of your home tilt on purpose, based on how much of your future spending is in yen, rather than doubling up by accident.","url":"/en/investing/japan-equity-funds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bond-funds:en","entityId":"guide:bond-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Bond funds for Japan-based investors","plainText":"Bond funds hold many bonds for income and relative stability; key choices are Japanese vs foreign, government vs corporate, duration, credit quality, and — for foreign bonds — whether to hedge currency, which often dominates their yen returns.\nJapanese vs foreign bonds, government vs corporate, duration and credit, currency hedging, and bond funds vs individual JGBs.\nBonds add income and can cushion equity volatility, but they are not risk-free.\nDuration measures interest-rate sensitivity; longer duration = bigger price swings when rates move.\nCredit quality ranges from government to corporate; lower quality adds default risk.\nFor foreign bond funds, currency swings can dominate returns — hedging is often more compelling here.\nA diversified bond fund differs from a single JGB: it fluctuates in price but spreads issuers and maturities.\nTypes, duration, and credit\nBond funds pool many bonds and pay income. The main dimensions are geography (Japanese vs foreign), issuer type (government vs corporate), duration, and credit quality. Duration measures how much the price moves when interest rates change: a longer-duration fund is more sensitive, gaining more when rates fall and losing more when they rise. Credit quality ranges from safe government bonds to higher-yielding corporate bonds that carry default risk.\nBonds are held mainly for income and to cushion equity volatility, but they still carry interest-rate, credit, and (for foreign bonds) currency risk. A bond fund is not a cash substitute — its price fluctuates.\nHedging and bond funds vs JGBs\nFor foreign bond funds, currency matters more than for equities. Because bond returns are modest, a large yen exchange-rate move can dominate the result. If your reason for holding foreign bonds is yen stability, an unhedged version can defeat the purpose, so a currency-hedged version is often more consistent with the goal — at a hedging cost tied to interest-rate differentials.\nA diversified bond fund differs from a single retail JGB: the JGB has government-backed principal and no price volatility if held to maturity, but a fund spreads across many issuers and maturities, fluctuates in price, and may include longer-duration or foreign bonds. Use a fund for diversified bond exposure and JGBs for government-safe, hold-to-maturity stability.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/bond-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","guide:japanese-government-bonds","guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:balanced-funds"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Bond funds hold many bonds for income and relative stability; key choices are Japanese vs foreign, government vs corporate, duration, credit quality, and — for foreign bonds — whether to hedge currency, which often dominates their yen returns.\nJapanese vs foreign bonds, government vs corporate, duration and credit, currency hedging, and bond funds vs individual JGBs.\nBonds add income and can cushion equity volatility, but they are not risk-free.\nDuration measures interest-rate sensitivity; longer duration = bigger price swings when rates move.\nCredit quality ranges from government to corporate; lower quality adds default risk.\nFor foreign bond funds, currency swings can dominate returns — hedging is often more compelling here.\nA diversified bond fund differs from a single JGB: it fluctuates in price but spreads issuers and maturities.\nTypes, duration, and credit\nBond funds pool many bonds and pay income. The main dimensions are geography (Japanese vs foreign), issuer type (government vs corporate), duration, and credit quality. Duration measures how much the price moves when interest rates change: a longer-duration fund is more sensitive, gaining more when rates fall and losing more when they rise. Credit quality ranges from safe government bonds to higher-yielding corporate bonds that carry default risk.\nBonds are held mainly for income and to cushion equity volatility, but they still carry interest-rate, credit, and (for foreign bonds) currency risk. A bond fund is not a cash substitute — its price fluctuates.\nHedging and bond funds vs JGBs\nFor foreign bond funds, currency matters more than for equities. Because bond returns are modest, a large yen exchange-rate move can dominate the result. If your reason for holding foreign bonds is yen stability, an unhedged version can defeat the purpose, so a currency-hedged version is often more consistent with the goal — at a hedging cost tied to interest-rate differentials.\nA diversified bond fund differs from a single retail JGB: the JGB has government-backed principal and no price volatility if held to maturity, but a fund spreads across many issuers and maturities, fluctuates in price, and may include longer-duration or foreign bonds. Use a fund for diversified bond exposure and JGBs for government-safe, hold-to-maturity stability.","url":"/en/investing/bond-funds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:balanced-funds:en","entityId":"guide:balanced-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Balanced funds","plainText":"A balanced fund holds a fixed mix of stocks, bonds, and sometimes REITs across regions and rebalances automatically inside the fund — convenient for a one-fund diversified portfolio, though \"balanced\" only means diversified relative to its own equity weight.\nFixed asset allocation, automatic rebalancing, eight-asset funds, fees, risk levels, and DIY vs balanced.\nBalanced funds hold a fixed multi-asset mix and rebalance automatically inside the fund.\nEight-asset funds spread across Japanese and foreign stocks, bonds, and REITs.\nThey simplify investing to a single holding — no manual rebalancing needed.\n\"Balanced\" is relative: an equity-heavy balanced fund can still fall substantially.\nBuilding your own mix gives control and can be cheaper; a balanced fund trades that for convenience.\nFixed allocation and rebalancing\nA balanced fund holds a predetermined mix of asset classes — for example a well-known eight-asset fund spreads across Japanese and foreign equities, Japanese and foreign bonds, and Japanese and foreign REITs in fixed proportions. Crucially, it rebalances internally: when one asset outperforms and drifts above target, the fund trims it back automatically, so you never rebalance manually.\nThis makes a single balanced fund a complete, diversified, self-maintaining portfolio in one purchase — attractive for a beginner who wants diversification and automatic rebalancing without managing multiple funds.\nRisk levels and balanced vs DIY\nDo not assume \"balanced\" means \"conservative.\" A balanced fund is only as defensive as its bond and cash weight; an equity-heavy balanced fund can still fall substantially in a market decline. Read the actual asset weights and match them to how much loss you can hold through, exactly as you would for any portfolio.\nCompared with building your own mix, a balanced fund trades control and potentially lower cost for convenience. Doing it yourself lets you set exact weights, place assets tax-efficiently, and often pay less; a balanced fund handles the mix and rebalancing for you at a modest fee. Both are valid — choose based on whether you value simplicity or control.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/balanced-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:target-date-funds","guide:bond-funds","guide:how-to-compare-funds"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"A balanced fund holds a fixed mix of stocks, bonds, and sometimes REITs across regions and rebalances automatically inside the fund — convenient for a one-fund diversified portfolio, though \"balanced\" only means diversified relative to its own equity weight.\nFixed asset allocation, automatic rebalancing, eight-asset funds, fees, risk levels, and DIY vs balanced.\nBalanced funds hold a fixed multi-asset mix and rebalance automatically inside the fund.\nEight-asset funds spread across Japanese and foreign stocks, bonds, and REITs.\nThey simplify investing to a single holding — no manual rebalancing needed.\n\"Balanced\" is relative: an equity-heavy balanced fund can still fall substantially.\nBuilding your own mix gives control and can be cheaper; a balanced fund trades that for convenience.\nFixed allocation and rebalancing\nA balanced fund holds a predetermined mix of asset classes — for example a well-known eight-asset fund spreads across Japanese and foreign equities, Japanese and foreign bonds, and Japanese and foreign REITs in fixed proportions. Crucially, it rebalances internally: when one asset outperforms and drifts above target, the fund trims it back automatically, so you never rebalance manually.\nThis makes a single balanced fund a complete, diversified, self-maintaining portfolio in one purchase — attractive for a beginner who wants diversification and automatic rebalancing without managing multiple funds.\nRisk levels and balanced vs DIY\nDo not assume \"balanced\" means \"conservative.\" A balanced fund is only as defensive as its bond and cash weight; an equity-heavy balanced fund can still fall substantially in a market decline. Read the actual asset weights and match them to how much loss you can hold through, exactly as you would for any portfolio.\nCompared with building your own mix, a balanced fund trades control and potentially lower cost for convenience. Doing it yourself lets you set exact weights, place assets tax-efficiently, and often pay less; a balanced fund handles the mix and rebalancing for you at a modest fee. Both are valid — choose based on whether you value simplicity or control.","url":"/en/investing/balanced-funds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:esg-investing:en","entityId":"guide:esg-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ESG investing in Japan","plainText":"ESG funds screen or weight holdings on environmental, social, and governance criteria, which changes portfolio exposures rather than removing market risk; watch for greenwashing, higher fees, and concentration, and compare the actual methodology and benchmark deviation.\nESG definitions, screening and scoring, benchmark differences, greenwashing, fees, and how to compare ESG funds.\nESG = environmental, social, governance criteria applied via exclusions or scoring.\nESG screens change what you own, creating factor and sector tilts vs a broad index.\nGreenwashing risk: labels can overstate how \"green\" a fund actually is.\nESG funds often charge higher fees than a plain broad index fund.\nCompare the actual exclusions, scoring model, benchmark deviation, and cost — not the label.\nWhat ESG means in practice\nESG investing applies environmental, social, and governance criteria to portfolio construction — either by excluding certain industries (exclusionary screening) or by tilting toward higher-scoring companies (best-in-class scoring). Different providers use different data, scores, and benchmarks, so two \"ESG\" funds can hold quite different portfolios.\nThe key point is that ESG changes your exposures rather than reducing market risk. An ESG fund is still an equity fund that can fall in a downturn; the screens simply alter which companies and sectors you own relative to a plain broad index.\nGreenwashing, fees, and comparison\nTwo cautions dominate. First, greenwashing: a green-sounding name or marketing does not guarantee the fund is meaningfully different from a conventional index. Read the actual methodology — what is excluded, how companies are scored, and how far the resulting portfolio deviates from a standard benchmark. Second, cost: ESG funds often charge more than a plain broad index fund, and that fee compounds against you.\nTo compare ESG funds, look past the label at concrete features: the exclusion list, the scoring model, benchmark deviation and tracking, sector and factor concentration, and total cost. If the portfolio barely differs from a cheap broad index but costs more, the ESG premium may buy little. If it differs a lot, understand the unintended bets — an ESG screen can create sizeable sector and factor tilts.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/esg-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:global-equity-funds"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"ESG funds screen or weight holdings on environmental, social, and governance criteria, which changes portfolio exposures rather than removing market risk; watch for greenwashing, higher fees, and concentration, and compare the actual methodology and benchmark deviation.\nESG definitions, screening and scoring, benchmark differences, greenwashing, fees, and how to compare ESG funds.\nESG = environmental, social, governance criteria applied via exclusions or scoring.\nESG screens change what you own, creating factor and sector tilts vs a broad index.\nGreenwashing risk: labels can overstate how \"green\" a fund actually is.\nESG funds often charge higher fees than a plain broad index fund.\nCompare the actual exclusions, scoring model, benchmark deviation, and cost — not the label.\nWhat ESG means in practice\nESG investing applies environmental, social, and governance criteria to portfolio construction — either by excluding certain industries (exclusionary screening) or by tilting toward higher-scoring companies (best-in-class scoring). Different providers use different data, scores, and benchmarks, so two \"ESG\" funds can hold quite different portfolios.\nThe key point is that ESG changes your exposures rather than reducing market risk. An ESG fund is still an equity fund that can fall in a downturn; the screens simply alter which companies and sectors you own relative to a plain broad index.\nGreenwashing, fees, and comparison\nTwo cautions dominate. First, greenwashing: a green-sounding name or marketing does not guarantee the fund is meaningfully different from a conventional index. Read the actual methodology — what is excluded, how companies are scored, and how far the resulting portfolio deviates from a standard benchmark. Second, cost: ESG funds often charge more than a plain broad index fund, and that fee compounds against you.\nTo compare ESG funds, look past the label at concrete features: the exclusion list, the scoring model, benchmark deviation and tracking, sector and factor concentration, and total cost. If the portfolio barely differs from a cheap broad index but costs more, the ESG premium may buy little. If it differs a lot, understand the unintended bets — an ESG screen can create sizeable sector and factor tilts.","url":"/en/investing/esg-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:target-date-funds:en","entityId":"guide:target-date-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Target-date funds","plainText":"A target-date fund holds a diversified mix that automatically becomes more conservative as a chosen target year approaches; it is a hands-off retirement option (common in iDeCo and corporate DC), but a generic glide path may not match your personal situation.\nTarget years, glide paths, automatic risk reduction, iDeCo/DC usage, fees, and when a generic path may not fit.\nYou pick a target year (near retirement); the fund does the rest.\nThe glide path automatically shifts from more equities to more bonds over time.\nCommon in iDeCo and corporate DC menus for hands-off retirement saving.\nFees vary; the automation is convenient but not free.\nA generic glide path assumes an average investor — it may not fit your risk or other assets.\nTarget years and glide paths\nA target-date fund is built around a year — typically near your expected retirement. Early on it holds a growth-oriented mix (more equities); as the target year approaches, it automatically shifts toward a more conservative mix (more bonds and cash) along a predetermined \"glide path.\" You choose the fund matching your horizon and let it de-risk over time without any action from you.\nThis automation makes target-date funds a popular default in iDeCo and corporate defined-contribution menus, where many savers do not want to manage rebalancing or manually reduce risk as they age.\nFees and when it may not fit\nThe glide path is designed for an average investor with an average situation, which is exactly why it may not fit yours. If you have other assets (a pension, property, a working spouse), a different risk tolerance, or a non-standard timeline, the generic path could hold too much or too little equity for you. It also cannot see your full financial picture — only the target year.\nCheck fees, too: convenience has a cost, and some target-date funds charge more than assembling a simple index mix yourself. For a hands-off saver who values automatic de-risking, a target-date fund is a reasonable one-decision option; for someone who wants control or has a complex situation, a self-managed allocation may fit better.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/target-date-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:balanced-funds","guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:diversification-asset-allocation"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"A target-date fund holds a diversified mix that automatically becomes more conservative as a chosen target year approaches; it is a hands-off retirement option (common in iDeCo and corporate DC), but a generic glide path may not match your personal situation.\nTarget years, glide paths, automatic risk reduction, iDeCo/DC usage, fees, and when a generic path may not fit.\nYou pick a target year (near retirement); the fund does the rest.\nThe glide path automatically shifts from more equities to more bonds over time.\nCommon in iDeCo and corporate DC menus for hands-off retirement saving.\nFees vary; the automation is convenient but not free.\nA generic glide path assumes an average investor — it may not fit your risk or other assets.\nTarget years and glide paths\nA target-date fund is built around a year — typically near your expected retirement. Early on it holds a growth-oriented mix (more equities); as the target year approaches, it automatically shifts toward a more conservative mix (more bonds and cash) along a predetermined \"glide path.\" You choose the fund matching your horizon and let it de-risk over time without any action from you.\nThis automation makes target-date funds a popular default in iDeCo and corporate defined-contribution menus, where many savers do not want to manage rebalancing or manually reduce risk as they age.\nFees and when it may not fit\nThe glide path is designed for an average investor with an average situation, which is exactly why it may not fit yours. If you have other assets (a pension, property, a working spouse), a different risk tolerance, or a non-standard timeline, the generic path could hold too much or too little equity for you. It also cannot see your full financial picture — only the target year.\nCheck fees, too: convenience has a cost, and some target-date funds charge more than assembling a simple index mix yourself. For a hands-off saver who values automatic de-risking, a target-date fund is a reasonable one-decision option; for someone who wants control or has a complex situation, a self-managed allocation may fit better.","url":"/en/investing/target-date-funds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-for-beginners:en","entityId":"guide:investing-for-beginners","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing in Japan for complete beginners","plainText":"For a complete beginner, the simplest path is: build an emergency fund, open a NISA at a low-cost broker, automate a monthly purchase of one diversified low-cost index fund, and review once or twice a year.\nA plain first path: emergency fund, NISA, one low-cost global fund, automation — with the mistakes to avoid.\nEmergency fund and debt repayment come before investing.\nNISA recurring allowance is the natural first account for a beginner.\nOne low-cost all-country index fund is a reasonable complete equity core.\nAutomate the monthly purchase so there is no decision to make each month.\nAvoid multiple overlapping thematic funds and picking by last year’s return.\nThe beginner path\nThe recommended starting point for a Japanese-speaking beginner investing a modest monthly amount is the NISA recurring allowance, funding one low-cost all-country equity fund. First secure liquid savings and clear high-interest debt; then open a NISA at a broad, low-cost broker such as Rakuten, SBI, Matsui, or Monex; then automate a monthly purchase you can sustain through job changes and market falls.\nA sustained ¥5,000 a month is better than ¥100,000 you are later forced to stop and sell. The goal is a simple, automatic habit you can hold for years, not a clever portfolio.\nWhat beginners should avoid\nThe common early mistakes are avoidable. Do not invest your emergency fund — it needs reliability, not returns. Do not buy multiple overlapping thematic funds; one broad fund usually does the core job with less duplication and cost. Do not pick funds by last year’s return, which is an unreliable guide to the future. And do not treat NISA as risk-free — it removes tax, not the possibility of loss.\nIf you are a US taxpayer, pause before buying a Japanese mutual fund and review PFIC rules first. If you may leave Japan soon, understand that NISA generally cannot continue abroad.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investing-for-beginners","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:what-is-nisa","guide:global-equity-funds","guide:small-monthly-budget-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"For a complete beginner, the simplest path is: build an emergency fund, open a NISA at a low-cost broker, automate a monthly purchase of one diversified low-cost index fund, and review once or twice a year.\nA plain first path: emergency fund, NISA, one low-cost global fund, automation — with the mistakes to avoid.\nEmergency fund and debt repayment come before investing.\nNISA recurring allowance is the natural first account for a beginner.\nOne low-cost all-country index fund is a reasonable complete equity core.\nAutomate the monthly purchase so there is no decision to make each month.\nAvoid multiple overlapping thematic funds and picking by last year’s return.\nThe beginner path\nThe recommended starting point for a Japanese-speaking beginner investing a modest monthly amount is the NISA recurring allowance, funding one low-cost all-country equity fund. First secure liquid savings and clear high-interest debt; then open a NISA at a broad, low-cost broker such as Rakuten, SBI, Matsui, or Monex; then automate a monthly purchase you can sustain through job changes and market falls.\nA sustained ¥5,000 a month is better than ¥100,000 you are later forced to stop and sell. The goal is a simple, automatic habit you can hold for years, not a clever portfolio.\nWhat beginners should avoid\nThe common early mistakes are avoidable. Do not invest your emergency fund — it needs reliability, not returns. Do not buy multiple overlapping thematic funds; one broad fund usually does the core job with less duplication and cost. Do not pick funds by last year’s return, which is an unreliable guide to the future. And do not treat NISA as risk-free — it removes tax, not the possibility of loss.\nIf you are a US taxpayer, pause before buying a Japanese mutual fund and review PFIC rules first. If you may leave Japan soon, understand that NISA generally cannot continue abroad.","url":"/en/investing/investing-for-beginners","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:small-monthly-budget-investing:en","entityId":"guide:small-monthly-budget-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing ¥5,000–¥30,000 per month","plainText":"With ¥5,000–¥30,000 a month, use a broker with low minimums (from ¥100) and automatic recurring fund purchases, put it in NISA, and choose one diversified low-cost fund — convenience should not override product quality.\nHow small monthly investors should use minimums, fractional shares, recurring funds, and points — without overtrading.\nOnline brokers allow fund purchases from as little as ¥100 with automation.\nPayPay, Rakuten, SBI, Monex, and Matsui suit small, app-based monthly investing.\nUse the NISA recurring allowance so small gains stay tax-free.\nFractional/odd-lot shares let you buy stocks below a full trading unit.\nDo not wait for a \"large enough\" amount, and do not overtrade tiny positions.\nSetting up small monthly investing\nA small budget is not a barrier. Online brokers let you buy investment trusts from as little as ¥100 and automate a monthly purchase, so ¥5,000–¥30,000 a month is entirely workable. Providers oriented to small, app-based investing include PayPay, Rakuten, SBI, Monex, and Matsui. Put the money in the NISA recurring allowance so even small gains stay tax-free.\nFor direct shares, fractional or odd-lot (単元未満株) services let you buy less than a full 100-share unit. Choose one diversified, low-cost fund as the core rather than scattering tiny amounts across many products.\nDiscipline for small amounts\nTwo mistakes hurt small investors. The first is waiting for a \"large enough\" amount to start — but compounding rewards time, so a small automatic amount started now usually beats a bigger amount started later. The second is overtrading tiny positions or chasing small thematic bets, where fixed costs and spreads eat into modest sums.\nConvenience features like points and fractional shares are useful, but they should not override product quality: a slightly less convenient broker with the right low-cost fund beats a flashy app pushing an expensive one. Keep it simple, automatic, and low-cost, and let the habit compound.\nIncreasing the amount over time\nStart with what you can sustain, even ¥5,000, and raise the amount as your income grows or debt clears — many brokers let you edit the monthly figure in a few taps. The habit matters more than the starting size: a small amount invested consistently for years benefits from compounding far more than a large amount started late.\nKeep the same simple structure as the amount grows: one diversified low-cost fund in NISA, automated. There is rarely a need to add complexity just because the balance is bigger; only broaden the plan (bonds, a second account) when a real goal or risk need calls for it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/small-monthly-budget-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-for-beginners","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:credit-card-investing","guide:lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"With ¥5,000–¥30,000 a month, use a broker with low minimums (from ¥100) and automatic recurring fund purchases, put it in NISA, and choose one diversified low-cost fund — convenience should not override product quality.\nHow small monthly investors should use minimums, fractional shares, recurring funds, and points — without overtrading.\nOnline brokers allow fund purchases from as little as ¥100 with automation.\nPayPay, Rakuten, SBI, Monex, and Matsui suit small, app-based monthly investing.\nUse the NISA recurring allowance so small gains stay tax-free.\nFractional/odd-lot shares let you buy stocks below a full trading unit.\nDo not wait for a \"large enough\" amount, and do not overtrade tiny positions.\nSetting up small monthly investing\nA small budget is not a barrier. Online brokers let you buy investment trusts from as little as ¥100 and automate a monthly purchase, so ¥5,000–¥30,000 a month is entirely workable. Providers oriented to small, app-based investing include PayPay, Rakuten, SBI, Monex, and Matsui. Put the money in the NISA recurring allowance so even small gains stay tax-free.\nFor direct shares, fractional or odd-lot (単元未満株) services let you buy less than a full 100-share unit. Choose one diversified, low-cost fund as the core rather than scattering tiny amounts across many products.\nDiscipline for small amounts\nTwo mistakes hurt small investors. The first is waiting for a \"large enough\" amount to start — but compounding rewards time, so a small automatic amount started now usually beats a bigger amount started later. The second is overtrading tiny positions or chasing small thematic bets, where fixed costs and spreads eat into modest sums.\nConvenience features like points and fractional shares are useful, but they should not override product quality: a slightly less convenient broker with the right low-cost fund beats a flashy app pushing an expensive one. Keep it simple, automatic, and low-cost, and let the habit compound.\nIncreasing the amount over time\nStart with what you can sustain, even ¥5,000, and raise the amount as your income grows or debt clears — many brokers let you edit the monthly figure in a few taps. The habit matters more than the starting size: a small amount invested consistently for years benefits from compounding far more than a large amount started late.\nKeep the same simple structure as the amount grows: one diversified low-cost fund in NISA, automated. There is rarely a need to add complexity just because the balance is bigger; only broaden the plan (bonds, a second account) when a real goal or risk need calls for it.","url":"/en/investing/small-monthly-budget-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-for-retirement:en","entityId":"guide:investing-for-retirement","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing for retirement in Japan","plainText":"For retirement, combine NISA’s flexibility with iDeCo’s contribution deduction and any employer plan, base plans on your actual pension record, and manage sequence-of-returns risk by holding enough cash to avoid forced sales.\nCombining NISA, iDeCo, and employer plans; pension records; sequence risk; and how much cash a retiree holds.\nNISA and iDeCo can be used together; iDeCo adds a deduction but locks funds until retirement.\nBase retirement plans on your public pension record, not on assumed investment returns.\nSequence-of-returns risk: poor early-withdrawal returns can permanently damage sustainability.\nHold enough cash to fund planned spending and avoid selling in a downturn.\nTotal return with planned sales is often more robust than relying only on dividends.\nCombining accounts\nRetirement saving usually blends accounts. NISA offers flexible, tax-free growth you can access any time. iDeCo adds an up-front income-tax deduction and tax-deferred growth in exchange for locking funds until eligible retirement age — valuable when your income makes the deduction worthwhile and you accept the lock-up. Employer defined-contribution or defined-benefit plans add employer funding and should be checked for matching and menu quality.\nBase your plan on facts, not assumptions: estimate your public pension from your actual contribution record (not an investment-return guess), inventory employer and private accounts, and estimate essential vs optional spending in today’s yen.\nSequence risk and cash\nNear and during retirement, the order of returns matters, not just the average. Sequence-of-returns risk means a run of poor returns early in your withdrawal phase can permanently damage how long the portfolio lasts, because you are selling into a decline. The defence is holding enough cash and safe assets to fund planned spending without forced sales during a downturn, based on your pension income and risk tolerance.\nOn income, a common misconception is that dividends should fund retirement. Relying only on high-dividend securities concentrates risk; a total-return approach — a diversified portfolio with small planned sales — is often more robust and better diversified. Review the plan annually and after employment, family, or residency changes.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investing-for-retirement","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:target-date-funds"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/nationalpension/nationalpension.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/employeespension/employee.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"For retirement, combine NISA’s flexibility with iDeCo’s contribution deduction and any employer plan, base plans on your actual pension record, and manage sequence-of-returns risk by holding enough cash to avoid forced sales.\nCombining NISA, iDeCo, and employer plans; pension records; sequence risk; and how much cash a retiree holds.\nNISA and iDeCo can be used together; iDeCo adds a deduction but locks funds until retirement.\nBase retirement plans on your public pension record, not on assumed investment returns.\nSequence-of-returns risk: poor early-withdrawal returns can permanently damage sustainability.\nHold enough cash to fund planned spending and avoid selling in a downturn.\nTotal return with planned sales is often more robust than relying only on dividends.\nCombining accounts\nRetirement saving usually blends accounts. NISA offers flexible, tax-free growth you can access any time. iDeCo adds an up-front income-tax deduction and tax-deferred growth in exchange for locking funds until eligible retirement age — valuable when your income makes the deduction worthwhile and you accept the lock-up. Employer defined-contribution or defined-benefit plans add employer funding and should be checked for matching and menu quality.\nBase your plan on facts, not assumptions: estimate your public pension from your actual contribution record (not an investment-return guess), inventory employer and private accounts, and estimate essential vs optional spending in today’s yen.\nSequence risk and cash\nNear and during retirement, the order of returns matters, not just the average. Sequence-of-returns risk means a run of poor returns early in your withdrawal phase can permanently damage how long the portfolio lasts, because you are selling into a decline. The defence is holding enough cash and safe assets to fund planned spending without forced sales during a downturn, based on your pension income and risk tolerance.\nOn income, a common misconception is that dividends should fund retirement. Relying only on high-dividend securities concentrates risk; a total-return approach — a diversified portfolio with small planned sales — is often more robust and better diversified. Review the plan annually and after employment, family, or residency changes.","url":"/en/investing/investing-for-retirement","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:high-income-investing:en","entityId":"guide:high-income-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing in Japan for high-income earners","plainText":"Higher earners benefit most from iDeCo’s income-tax deduction and from filling NISA, then use a taxable specified account for overflow with attention to asset location and loss offsets.\nMaximising the NISA and iDeCo tax benefits, asset location across taxable accounts, and where the deduction matters most.\niDeCo’s contribution deduction scales with your marginal tax rate — most valuable for high earners.\nFill NISA for tax-free growth, then use a taxable specified account for overflow.\nAsset location: growth assets in NISA, loss-sensitive strategies in taxable accounts.\nTaxable losses can offset gains and carry forward three years; NISA losses cannot.\nComplexity rises with cross-border ties — get advice for US-person or multi-country situations.\nWhere the tax benefits bite hardest\nFor a high earner, the up-front deductions matter more than for others. iDeCo contributions are generally deductible from income, and because the saving scales with your marginal tax rate, the same contribution is worth more to a high earner than to a low earner — often making iDeCo especially attractive despite its lock-up. NISA’s benefit is tax-free growth rather than a deduction, but its value grows with the size and duration of your gains.\nA common sequence is to fund NISA and maximise iDeCo where the deduction is valuable and the retirement lock-up acceptable, considering any employer plan alongside. Verify iDeCo limits and the December 2026 changes before enrolling.\nAsset location and overflow\nOnce NISA and iDeCo room is used, additional money goes to a taxable specified account, and asset location becomes worth thinking about. Broadly, place assets you expect to grow long-term inside the tax-free NISA to use that space efficiently, and put overflow, ineligible assets, and loss-sensitive or trading strategies in the taxable account — where losses can offset gains and carry forward three years, a relief NISA does not provide.\nHigher balances also raise the stakes on cost and cross-border issues. A 1% fee on a large portfolio is a large yen amount, so favour low-cost funds; and if you have US-person status or ties to multiple countries, get individual advice covering PFIC, foreign tax credits, reporting, and estate exposure before buying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/high-income-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Higher earners benefit most from iDeCo’s income-tax deduction and from filling NISA, then use a taxable specified account for overflow with attention to asset location and loss offsets.\nMaximising the NISA and iDeCo tax benefits, asset location across taxable accounts, and where the deduction matters most.\niDeCo’s contribution deduction scales with your marginal tax rate — most valuable for high earners.\nFill NISA for tax-free growth, then use a taxable specified account for overflow.\nAsset location: growth assets in NISA, loss-sensitive strategies in taxable accounts.\nTaxable losses can offset gains and carry forward three years; NISA losses cannot.\nComplexity rises with cross-border ties — get advice for US-person or multi-country situations.\nWhere the tax benefits bite hardest\nFor a high earner, the up-front deductions matter more than for others. iDeCo contributions are generally deductible from income, and because the saving scales with your marginal tax rate, the same contribution is worth more to a high earner than to a low earner — often making iDeCo especially attractive despite its lock-up. NISA’s benefit is tax-free growth rather than a deduction, but its value grows with the size and duration of your gains.\nA common sequence is to fund NISA and maximise iDeCo where the deduction is valuable and the retirement lock-up acceptable, considering any employer plan alongside. Verify iDeCo limits and the December 2026 changes before enrolling.\nAsset location and overflow\nOnce NISA and iDeCo room is used, additional money goes to a taxable specified account, and asset location becomes worth thinking about. Broadly, place assets you expect to grow long-term inside the tax-free NISA to use that space efficiently, and put overflow, ineligible assets, and loss-sensitive or trading strategies in the taxable account — where losses can offset gains and carry forward three years, a relief NISA does not provide.\nHigher balances also raise the stakes on cost and cross-border issues. A 1% fee on a large portfolio is a large yen amount, so favour low-cost funds; and if you have US-person status or ties to multiple countries, get individual advice covering PFIC, foreign tax credits, reporting, and estate exposure before buying.","url":"/en/investing/high-income-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:global-investors-japan:en","entityId":"guide:global-investors-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing in US and global markets from Japan","plainText":"Investors wanting broad global-market access from Japan should compare brokers on foreign-market breadth, FX costs, and NISA support; Interactive Brokers Japan and the large online brokers lead, but foreign withholding, currency, and tax/data complexity all rise with breadth.\nBroker choice for global access, currency and FX costs, foreign withholding, and tax/data complexity for multi-market investors.\nIBKR Japan, SBI, Rakuten, and Monex lead for broad foreign-market access.\nConverting yen to foreign currency incurs an FX spread; compare conversion terms.\nForeign dividends can retain source-country withholding even inside NISA.\nBroader access means more tax, currency, and data complexity to manage.\nFor most, a single global fund captures world diversification more simply than many markets.\nBroker choice for global access\nIf you want to trade many foreign markets directly — not just via a global fund — broker breadth matters. Interactive Brokers Japan offers the widest verified global-market access with confirmed English support, and the large online brokers (SBI, Rakuten, Monex) support US and some other foreign markets with competitive pricing. Match the broker to the exact markets and instruments you need, and confirm NISA support for eligible foreign products.\nCosts go beyond commission. Converting yen to a foreign currency incurs an FX spread (some brokers advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread; verify), and each market can add exchange and regulatory fees. Account for the all-in cost, not just the headline commission.\nWithholding, currency, and complexity\nGlobal investing adds three complexities. Foreign dividends can retain source-country withholding even inside NISA, which removes only Japanese tax; foreign-tax-credit relief generally requires a Japanese return, and NISA’s lack of Japanese tax can complicate recovery. Currency exposure means your yen returns reflect exchange rates as well as asset prices. And multi-market investing generates more records, statements, and tax detail to manage.\nFor most investors, a single broad global (all-country) fund captures world diversification far more simply than assembling many individual markets. Direct multi-market access earns its complexity only when you specifically need instruments a fund does not offer. US taxpayers face additional US reporting on all of this and should get cross-border advice.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/global-investors-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:global-equity-funds","guide:currency-risk-yen","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Investors wanting broad global-market access from Japan should compare brokers on foreign-market breadth, FX costs, and NISA support; Interactive Brokers Japan and the large online brokers lead, but foreign withholding, currency, and tax/data complexity all rise with breadth.\nBroker choice for global access, currency and FX costs, foreign withholding, and tax/data complexity for multi-market investors.\nIBKR Japan, SBI, Rakuten, and Monex lead for broad foreign-market access.\nConverting yen to foreign currency incurs an FX spread; compare conversion terms.\nForeign dividends can retain source-country withholding even inside NISA.\nBroader access means more tax, currency, and data complexity to manage.\nFor most, a single global fund captures world diversification more simply than many markets.\nBroker choice for global access\nIf you want to trade many foreign markets directly — not just via a global fund — broker breadth matters. Interactive Brokers Japan offers the widest verified global-market access with confirmed English support, and the large online brokers (SBI, Rakuten, Monex) support US and some other foreign markets with competitive pricing. Match the broker to the exact markets and instruments you need, and confirm NISA support for eligible foreign products.\nCosts go beyond commission. Converting yen to a foreign currency incurs an FX spread (some brokers advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread; verify), and each market can add exchange and regulatory fees. Account for the all-in cost, not just the headline commission.\nWithholding, currency, and complexity\nGlobal investing adds three complexities. Foreign dividends can retain source-country withholding even inside NISA, which removes only Japanese tax; foreign-tax-credit relief generally requires a Japanese return, and NISA’s lack of Japanese tax can complicate recovery. Currency exposure means your yen returns reflect exchange rates as well as asset prices. And multi-market investing generates more records, statements, and tax detail to manage.\nFor most investors, a single broad global (all-country) fund captures world diversification far more simply than assembling many individual markets. Direct multi-market access earns its complexity only when you specifically need instruments a fund does not offer. US taxpayers face additional US reporting on all of this and should get cross-border advice.","url":"/en/investing/global-investors-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:advised-investing-japan:en","entityId":"guide:advised-investing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing with human financial advice","plainText":"Full-service brokers (Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, Mizuho) and advisers can help with bonds, IPOs, inheritance, and complex situations, but cost more and may face distribution conflicts — demand explicit all-in costs and benchmark comparisons.\nWhen full-service brokers and advisers add value, the cost and conflict-of-interest issues, and what to demand.\nFull-service firms help with bonds, IPOs, inheritance, and complex or high-net-worth needs.\nBranch and comprehensive-course commissions are much higher than online-only brokers.\nAdviser compensation is not neutral — product distribution can create conflicts of interest.\nDemand the explicit all-in cost and a benchmark comparison for any recommendation.\nFor simple passive investing, an online broker is usually far cheaper.\nWhen advice adds value\nFull-service brokers — Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, Mizuho — and human advisers can genuinely help in specific situations: navigating bonds and IPO allocations, inheritance and estate matters, cross-border complexity, or simply providing hand-holding and physical branch support that some investors value. For complex or high-net-worth needs, that service can be worth paying for.\nThe trade-off is cost. Branch and comprehensive-course commissions can be dramatically higher than online brokers — for routine domestic stock trades, branch schedules can reach well over 1%, versus near-zero online. For simple passive investing, that gap is hard to justify.\nConflicts and what to demand\nDo not assume adviser compensation is neutral. When an adviser or firm earns more by selling certain products, there is an inherent conflict of interest, and a recommendation may reflect distribution incentives as well as your interests. This does not make advice worthless, but it means you should scrutinise recommendations rather than accept them on trust.\nThe practical safeguard: for any recommendation, demand the explicit all-in cost (commissions, wrap or advisory fees, fund expenses, and any hidden charges) and a comparison against a relevant low-cost benchmark. If a recommended product cannot justify its cost against a cheap index alternative, ask why. Good advisers welcome these questions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/advised-investing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:robo-advisors-japan","guide:active-vs-passive-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Full-service brokers (Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, Mizuho) and advisers can help with bonds, IPOs, inheritance, and complex situations, but cost more and may face distribution conflicts — demand explicit all-in costs and benchmark comparisons.\nWhen full-service brokers and advisers add value, the cost and conflict-of-interest issues, and what to demand.\nFull-service firms help with bonds, IPOs, inheritance, and complex or high-net-worth needs.\nBranch and comprehensive-course commissions are much higher than online-only brokers.\nAdviser compensation is not neutral — product distribution can create conflicts of interest.\nDemand the explicit all-in cost and a benchmark comparison for any recommendation.\nFor simple passive investing, an online broker is usually far cheaper.\nWhen advice adds value\nFull-service brokers — Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, Mizuho — and human advisers can genuinely help in specific situations: navigating bonds and IPO allocations, inheritance and estate matters, cross-border complexity, or simply providing hand-holding and physical branch support that some investors value. For complex or high-net-worth needs, that service can be worth paying for.\nThe trade-off is cost. Branch and comprehensive-course commissions can be dramatically higher than online brokers — for routine domestic stock trades, branch schedules can reach well over 1%, versus near-zero online. For simple passive investing, that gap is hard to justify.\nConflicts and what to demand\nDo not assume adviser compensation is neutral. When an adviser or firm earns more by selling certain products, there is an inherent conflict of interest, and a recommendation may reflect distribution incentives as well as your interests. This does not make advice worthless, but it means you should scrutinise recommendations rather than accept them on trust.\nThe practical safeguard: for any recommendation, demand the explicit all-in cost (commissions, wrap or advisory fees, fund expenses, and any hidden charges) and a comparison against a relevant low-cost benchmark. If a recommended product cannot justify its cost against a cheap index alternative, ask why. Good advisers welcome these questions.","url":"/en/investing/advised-investing-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:temporary-residents-investing:en","entityId":"guide:temporary-residents-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing when you may leave Japan soon","plainText":"If your stay is uncertain, weigh NISA against liquid cash, favour portable and simple products, confirm each broker’s non-resident continuation policy before opening, and get the written departure procedure in advance.\nWhether to open NISA, portable products, broker continuation policies, and pre-departure planning for uncertain stays.\nNISA generally cannot continue after you become non-resident, except specific qualifying cases.\nFavour portable, simple, liquid holdings over illiquid or administratively complex products.\nConfirm the broker’s non-resident and departure policy before opening an account.\nBuilding a large NISA balance you must unwind on departure may not make sense.\nPlan tax, remittance, and record-keeping for both Japan and your destination country.\nShould you open NISA at all?\nIf you are fairly sure you will stay several years, NISA can still be worthwhile alongside a solid cash reserve. If departure is likely soon or genuinely uncertain, weigh it carefully: NISA generally cannot continue after you become non-resident (except specific qualifying temporary-departure cases filed in advance), so a large NISA balance may have to be unwound when you leave, potentially at an inconvenient time.\nA reasonable stance for uncertain stays is to keep more in liquid cash, invest modestly through portable and simple products, and avoid building a position whose forced unwind on departure would be costly or complicated.\nProducts, policies, and departure\nFavour portable, simple, liquid holdings — a broad low-cost fund or widely held securities — over illiquid or administratively complex products that are hard to move or value across borders. Before opening any account, confirm the broker’s non-resident policy: whether it can maintain a taxable account after you leave, for which destination countries, and what happens to each asset type.\nPlan the exit before you build the position. Obtain the broker’s written departure procedure in advance, understand that no new NISA purchases are allowed while abroad, and plan for tax, remittance of proceeds, and record-keeping in both Japan and your destination. Where holdings are material or your situation is cross-border, get individual advice.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/temporary-residents-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-leaving-japan","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:nisa-when-not-first","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"If your stay is uncertain, weigh NISA against liquid cash, favour portable and simple products, confirm each broker’s non-resident continuation policy before opening, and get the written departure procedure in advance.\nWhether to open NISA, portable products, broker continuation policies, and pre-departure planning for uncertain stays.\nNISA generally cannot continue after you become non-resident, except specific qualifying cases.\nFavour portable, simple, liquid holdings over illiquid or administratively complex products.\nConfirm the broker’s non-resident and departure policy before opening an account.\nBuilding a large NISA balance you must unwind on departure may not make sense.\nPlan tax, remittance, and record-keeping for both Japan and your destination country.\nShould you open NISA at all?\nIf you are fairly sure you will stay several years, NISA can still be worthwhile alongside a solid cash reserve. If departure is likely soon or genuinely uncertain, weigh it carefully: NISA generally cannot continue after you become non-resident (except specific qualifying temporary-departure cases filed in advance), so a large NISA balance may have to be unwound when you leave, potentially at an inconvenient time.\nA reasonable stance for uncertain stays is to keep more in liquid cash, invest modestly through portable and simple products, and avoid building a position whose forced unwind on departure would be costly or complicated.\nProducts, policies, and departure\nFavour portable, simple, liquid holdings — a broad low-cost fund or widely held securities — over illiquid or administratively complex products that are hard to move or value across borders. Before opening any account, confirm the broker’s non-resident policy: whether it can maintain a taxable account after you leave, for which destination countries, and what happens to each asset type.\nPlan the exit before you build the position. Obtain the broker’s written departure procedure in advance, understand that no new NISA purchases are allowed while abroad, and plan for tax, remittance of proceeds, and record-keeping in both Japan and your destination. Where holdings are material or your situation is cross-border, get individual advice.","url":"/en/investing/temporary-residents-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:specified-vs-general-accounts:en","entityId":"guide:specified-vs-general-accounts","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Specified vs general brokerage accounts","plainText":"A specified account with withholding has the broker calculate and withhold tax so you usually need no return; without withholding the broker calculates but you file; a general account requires you to calculate everything yourself.\nThe specified account (with/without withholding) vs the general account, tax reporting, and who should use each.\nSpecified with withholding (源泉徴収あり): broker withholds tax; a return is often unnecessary.\nSpecified without withholding: broker supplies an annual report, but you normally file.\nGeneral account (一般口座): you calculate acquisition cost and taxable gain yourself.\nAll three are taxable and can coexist with NISA.\nMost people choose specified-with-withholding for simplicity.\nThe three account types\nA taxable brokerage account in Japan comes in three forms. A specified account with withholding (特定口座・源泉徴収あり) has the broker calculate your gains and withhold the Japanese tax at source, so for those transactions a tax return is often unnecessary. A specified account without withholding calculates your annual results and gives you a report, but you normally file and pay yourself. A general account (一般口座) leaves you to calculate acquisition cost and taxable gain entirely.\nAll three are taxable (unlike NISA) and can be held alongside NISA and each other. The difference is purely how much tax administration the broker handles versus you.\nWho should use each\nFor most people, the specified account with withholding is the simplest: the broker handles the tax, and you can often avoid filing for those trades entirely. The main downsides are that filing might still be useful (for example to claim loss offsets across brokers or foreign tax credits), and that declared income can, in some cases, affect social-insurance or dependent calculations.\nA specified account without withholding suits those who prefer to manage their own filing and cash flow. A general account is needed only for assets or transactions the specified account cannot hold — it carries the highest recordkeeping burden and is rarely the default for ordinary investing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/specified-vs-general-accounts","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:nisa-vs-taxable-account","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:capital-gains-and-losses"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1476.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"A specified account with withholding has the broker calculate and withhold tax so you usually need no return; without withholding the broker calculates but you file; a general account requires you to calculate everything yourself.\nThe specified account (with/without withholding) vs the general account, tax reporting, and who should use each.\nSpecified with withholding (源泉徴収あり): broker withholds tax; a return is often unnecessary.\nSpecified without withholding: broker supplies an annual report, but you normally file.\nGeneral account (一般口座): you calculate acquisition cost and taxable gain yourself.\nAll three are taxable and can coexist with NISA.\nMost people choose specified-with-withholding for simplicity.\nThe three account types\nA taxable brokerage account in Japan comes in three forms. A specified account with withholding (特定口座・源泉徴収あり) has the broker calculate your gains and withhold the Japanese tax at source, so for those transactions a tax return is often unnecessary. A specified account without withholding calculates your annual results and gives you a report, but you normally file and pay yourself. A general account (一般口座) leaves you to calculate acquisition cost and taxable gain entirely.\nAll three are taxable (unlike NISA) and can be held alongside NISA and each other. The difference is purely how much tax administration the broker handles versus you.\nWho should use each\nFor most people, the specified account with withholding is the simplest: the broker handles the tax, and you can often avoid filing for those trades entirely. The main downsides are that filing might still be useful (for example to claim loss offsets across brokers or foreign tax credits), and that declared income can, in some cases, affect social-insurance or dependent calculations.\nA specified account without withholding suits those who prefer to manage their own filing and cash flow. A general account is needed only for assets or transactions the specified account cannot hold — it carries the highest recordkeeping burden and is rarely the default for ordinary investing.","url":"/en/investing/specified-vs-general-accounts","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-vs-taxable-account:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-vs-taxable-account","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA vs taxable brokerage account","plainText":"NISA exempts qualifying gains and dividends from Japanese tax but caps contributions and gives no loss deduction; a taxable account has no cap and allows loss offsets and three-year carryforward but taxes gains at 20.315% — so put growth assets in NISA and loss-sensitive strategies in the taxable account.\nTax on gains and dividends, loss deductions, product limits, recordkeeping, and asset-location strategy.\nNISA: no Japanese tax on qualifying gains; taxable account: normally 20.315%.\nTaxable losses offset gains and carry forward three years; NISA losses give no deduction.\nNISA has product and contribution limits; taxable accounts have neither.\nA withholding taxable account simplifies filing; NISA is simple domestically.\nAsset location: growth assets in NISA, overflow/ineligible/loss-sensitive in taxable.\nTax and loss treatment\nThe headline difference is tax. In a taxable account, gains and qualifying dividends on listed securities are generally taxed at 20.315%. In NISA, those qualifying returns are exempt from Japanese tax — the wrapper’s core benefit, most valuable for assets you expect to grow a lot over a long period.\nBut taxable accounts have one advantage NISA lacks: loss relief. Taxable losses can offset eligible gains and dividends and, when you file, carry forward three years. NISA losses give no deduction and cannot be carried forward, so a strategy that relies on realising losses belongs in a taxable account, not NISA.\nLimits and recordkeeping\nNISA is limited by statute and by your broker’s menu — only eligible products, and only up to the annual and lifetime allowances. A taxable account has no contribution ceiling and a broader product scope, so it naturally holds anything beyond NISA limits or ineligible for NISA.\nOn records, NISA is simple domestically (no Japanese tax to compute), while a specified account with withholding simplifies taxable filing by having the broker calculate and withhold. Keep annual transaction reports either way, especially if you use multiple brokers or hold foreign assets.\nAsset location strategy\nBecause the accounts have opposite strengths, where you place each asset matters. The efficient default is to hold assets you expect to produce positive long-term returns inside NISA — using the tax-free space where it does the most good — and to place overflow, NISA-ineligible assets, loss-sensitive strategies, and active trading in the taxable account, where loss offsets exist.\nExample: a broad long-horizon equity fund is a natural NISA holding, while a strategy where you might realise losses to offset other gains belongs in the taxable account. Most investors fund NISA first, then use a specified account for the rest.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-vs-taxable-account","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:specified-vs-general-accounts","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:nisa-complete-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1474.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"NISA exempts qualifying gains and dividends from Japanese tax but caps contributions and gives no loss deduction; a taxable account has no cap and allows loss offsets and three-year carryforward but taxes gains at 20.315% — so put growth assets in NISA and loss-sensitive strategies in the taxable account.\nTax on gains and dividends, loss deductions, product limits, recordkeeping, and asset-location strategy.\nNISA: no Japanese tax on qualifying gains; taxable account: normally 20.315%.\nTaxable losses offset gains and carry forward three years; NISA losses give no deduction.\nNISA has product and contribution limits; taxable accounts have neither.\nA withholding taxable account simplifies filing; NISA is simple domestically.\nAsset location: growth assets in NISA, overflow/ineligible/loss-sensitive in taxable.\nTax and loss treatment\nThe headline difference is tax. In a taxable account, gains and qualifying dividends on listed securities are generally taxed at 20.315%. In NISA, those qualifying returns are exempt from Japanese tax — the wrapper’s core benefit, most valuable for assets you expect to grow a lot over a long period.\nBut taxable accounts have one advantage NISA lacks: loss relief. Taxable losses can offset eligible gains and dividends and, when you file, carry forward three years. NISA losses give no deduction and cannot be carried forward, so a strategy that relies on realising losses belongs in a taxable account, not NISA.\nLimits and recordkeeping\nNISA is limited by statute and by your broker’s menu — only eligible products, and only up to the annual and lifetime allowances. A taxable account has no contribution ceiling and a broader product scope, so it naturally holds anything beyond NISA limits or ineligible for NISA.\nOn records, NISA is simple domestically (no Japanese tax to compute), while a specified account with withholding simplifies taxable filing by having the broker calculate and withhold. Keep annual transaction reports either way, especially if you use multiple brokers or hold foreign assets.\nAsset location strategy\nBecause the accounts have opposite strengths, where you place each asset matters. The efficient default is to hold assets you expect to produce positive long-term returns inside NISA — using the tax-free space where it does the most good — and to place overflow, NISA-ineligible assets, loss-sensitive strategies, and active trading in the taxable account, where loss offsets exist.\nExample: a broad long-horizon equity fund is a natural NISA holding, while a strategy where you might realise losses to offset other gains belongs in the taxable account. Most investors fund NISA first, then use a specified account for the rest.","url":"/en/investing/nisa-vs-taxable-account","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:capital-gains-and-losses:en","entityId":"guide:capital-gains-and-losses","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Capital gains and investment losses","plainText":"A capital gain is sale proceeds minus adjusted acquisition cost; taxable listed-security losses can offset eligible gains and dividends and carry forward three years if you file, while losses realised inside NISA give no deduction.\nCalculating gains, acquisition costs, loss offsets, three-year carryforward, NISA loss treatment, and multiple brokers.\nCapital gain = sale proceeds − adjusted acquisition cost (and relevant expenses).\nTaxable listed-security losses offset eligible gains and dividends when you file.\nUnused losses carry forward up to three years with the required returns.\nNISA losses give no deduction and cannot be carried forward.\nAcross multiple brokers, offsets require correct, filed figures — keep your own records.\nCalculating a gain\nA capital gain (譲渡益) is your sale proceeds minus the adjusted acquisition cost of what you sold, less relevant expenses. Acquisition cost includes what you paid plus applicable purchase costs, and when you have bought the same security at different prices, an averaging method determines the cost per unit. In a specified account the broker computes this for you; in a general account you must track it yourself.\nGetting acquisition cost right matters because it directly sets the taxable gain. Errors usually come from forgetting reinvested amounts, multiple lots at different prices, or foreign-currency conversions.\nOffsets and carryforward\nLosses on qualifying listed securities in a taxable account can be offset against eligible listed-security gains and dividends. If offsets do not use up a loss in the year, you can carry it forward for up to three years to offset future gains — but only if you file the required tax returns for each relevant year. This loss relief is a real advantage of taxable investing.\nCrucially, this does not apply inside NISA: a loss realised in NISA gives no deduction and cannot offset taxable gains or be carried forward. So you cannot tax-loss harvest in NISA, and loss-sensitive strategies belong in a taxable account.\nMultiple brokers and records\nIf you use more than one broker, offsetting gains at one against losses at another generally requires filing a return that brings the figures together — the brokers do not net across each other automatically. The same applies to combining a withholding account with foreign or general-account results.\nKeep your own records: annual transaction reports, acquisition-cost details, and dividend statements, retained independently of any single broker. These matter especially for general accounts, foreign accounts, departure from Japan, inheritance, and any home-country reporting. Do not assume a broker statement will remain accessible forever.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/capital-gains-and-losses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:nisa-vs-taxable-account","guide:investment-records-and-statements","guide:specified-vs-general-accounts"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1474.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"A capital gain is sale proceeds minus adjusted acquisition cost; taxable listed-security losses can offset eligible gains and dividends and carry forward three years if you file, while losses realised inside NISA give no deduction.\nCalculating gains, acquisition costs, loss offsets, three-year carryforward, NISA loss treatment, and multiple brokers.\nCapital gain = sale proceeds − adjusted acquisition cost (and relevant expenses).\nTaxable listed-security losses offset eligible gains and dividends when you file.\nUnused losses carry forward up to three years with the required returns.\nNISA losses give no deduction and cannot be carried forward.\nAcross multiple brokers, offsets require correct, filed figures — keep your own records.\nCalculating a gain\nA capital gain (譲渡益) is your sale proceeds minus the adjusted acquisition cost of what you sold, less relevant expenses. Acquisition cost includes what you paid plus applicable purchase costs, and when you have bought the same security at different prices, an averaging method determines the cost per unit. In a specified account the broker computes this for you; in a general account you must track it yourself.\nGetting acquisition cost right matters because it directly sets the taxable gain. Errors usually come from forgetting reinvested amounts, multiple lots at different prices, or foreign-currency conversions.\nOffsets and carryforward\nLosses on qualifying listed securities in a taxable account can be offset against eligible listed-security gains and dividends. If offsets do not use up a loss in the year, you can carry it forward for up to three years to offset future gains — but only if you file the required tax returns for each relevant year. This loss relief is a real advantage of taxable investing.\nCrucially, this does not apply inside NISA: a loss realised in NISA gives no deduction and cannot offset taxable gains or be carried forward. So you cannot tax-loss harvest in NISA, and loss-sensitive strategies belong in a taxable account.\nMultiple brokers and records\nIf you use more than one broker, offsetting gains at one against losses at another generally requires filing a return that brings the figures together — the brokers do not net across each other automatically. The same applies to combining a withholding account with foreign or general-account results.\nKeep your own records: annual transaction reports, acquisition-cost details, and dividend statements, retained independently of any single broker. These matter especially for general accounts, foreign accounts, departure from Japan, inheritance, and any home-country reporting. Do not assume a broker statement will remain accessible forever.","url":"/en/investing/capital-gains-and-losses","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-dividends:en","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-dividends","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Taxes on dividends and fund distributions","plainText":"Japanese listed dividends and fund ordinary distributions are generally taxed at 20.315% outside NISA; a return-of-capital \"special\" distribution is not taxable, NISA can exempt qualifying payments (dividends need the proportional allocation method), and foreign dividends can retain source-country withholding.\nJapanese dividends, ordinary vs special fund distributions, withholding accounts, NISA treatment, and foreign dividends.\nJapanese listed dividends and fund ordinary distributions are generally taxed at 20.315% outside NISA.\nA special (return-of-capital) distribution is a repayment of basis, not taxable income.\nA withholding account settles dividend tax at source in many cases.\nIn NISA, share/ETF/REIT dividends need the proportional allocation method to be tax-free.\nForeign dividends can face source-country withholding even inside NISA.\nJapanese dividends and distributions\nDividends on Japanese listed shares and ordinary distributions from investment trusts are generally taxed at 20.315% outside NISA. In a specified account with withholding, the tax is often settled at source, so a return may be unnecessary for those payments. There are elective methods for declaring dividends on a return that can change the outcome depending on your situation, which is where individual advice helps.\nDistinguish an ordinary distribution from a special distribution (元本払戻金): a special distribution is a return of your own invested capital, not income, so it is not taxable in the first place. This matters for high-distribution funds, where a headline payout may partly be your money returned rather than a true gain.\nNISA treatment\nNISA can exempt qualifying dividends and distributions from Japanese tax, but the mechanics differ by security. For listed shares, ETFs, and REITs, you must select the proportional allocation method (株式数比例配分方式) so the dividend is paid into your brokerage account; receiving it by bank or warrant can trigger 20.315% withholding despite NISA, and a later return cannot fix it.\nOrdinary distributions from investment trusts held in NISA are exempt without that separate election, because the payment flows through the fund and account structure. Set your dividend receipt method correctly before any payment date.\nForeign dividends\nForeign dividends add source-country withholding. A US dividend, for example, can be withheld at source even when the shares are in NISA — NISA removes only the Japanese tax. Outside NISA, foreign dividends face both potential source withholding and Japanese tax, with foreign-tax-credit relief available through a Japanese return to reduce double taxation.\nBecause NISA leaves no Japanese tax on that income, recovering foreign withholding through a credit can be limited, so model the after-withholding yield for foreign dividend holdings. US taxpayers face separate US reporting on the same income regardless of Japanese treatment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/taxes-on-dividends","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-dividends","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:high-dividend-investing","guide:foreign-investment-income-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Japanese listed dividends and fund ordinary distributions are generally taxed at 20.315% outside NISA; a return-of-capital \"special\" distribution is not taxable, NISA can exempt qualifying payments (dividends need the proportional allocation method), and foreign dividends can retain source-country withholding.\nJapanese dividends, ordinary vs special fund distributions, withholding accounts, NISA treatment, and foreign dividends.\nJapanese listed dividends and fund ordinary distributions are generally taxed at 20.315% outside NISA.\nA special (return-of-capital) distribution is a repayment of basis, not taxable income.\nA withholding account settles dividend tax at source in many cases.\nIn NISA, share/ETF/REIT dividends need the proportional allocation method to be tax-free.\nForeign dividends can face source-country withholding even inside NISA.\nJapanese dividends and distributions\nDividends on Japanese listed shares and ordinary distributions from investment trusts are generally taxed at 20.315% outside NISA. In a specified account with withholding, the tax is often settled at source, so a return may be unnecessary for those payments. There are elective methods for declaring dividends on a return that can change the outcome depending on your situation, which is where individual advice helps.\nDistinguish an ordinary distribution from a special distribution (元本払戻金): a special distribution is a return of your own invested capital, not income, so it is not taxable in the first place. This matters for high-distribution funds, where a headline payout may partly be your money returned rather than a true gain.\nNISA treatment\nNISA can exempt qualifying dividends and distributions from Japanese tax, but the mechanics differ by security. For listed shares, ETFs, and REITs, you must select the proportional allocation method (株式数比例配分方式) so the dividend is paid into your brokerage account; receiving it by bank or warrant can trigger 20.315% withholding despite NISA, and a later return cannot fix it.\nOrdinary distributions from investment trusts held in NISA are exempt without that separate election, because the payment flows through the fund and account structure. Set your dividend receipt method correctly before any payment date.\nForeign dividends\nForeign dividends add source-country withholding. A US dividend, for example, can be withheld at source even when the shares are in NISA — NISA removes only the Japanese tax. Outside NISA, foreign dividends face both potential source withholding and Japanese tax, with foreign-tax-credit relief available through a Japanese return to reduce double taxation.\nBecause NISA leaves no Japanese tax on that income, recovering foreign withholding through a credit can be limited, so model the after-withholding yield for foreign dividend holdings. US taxpayers face separate US reporting on the same income regardless of Japanese treatment.","url":"/en/investing/taxes-on-dividends","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-investment-income-tax:en","entityId":"guide:foreign-investment-income-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Foreign investment income and tax","plainText":"As a Japan resident, your foreign investment income is generally subject to Japanese tax outside NISA and may also face source-country withholding; foreign tax credits can relieve some double taxation through a Japanese return, and you must convert and record everything in yen.\nForeign dividends and gains, source-country withholding, foreign tax credits, FX conversion, and foreign brokerage accounts.\nJapan taxes residents on worldwide income, so foreign gains/dividends are generally taxable outside NISA.\nForeign dividends can also be withheld in the source country (e.g. US withholding).\nForeign tax credits can reduce double taxation, but generally require filing a Japanese return.\nConvert foreign amounts to yen using appropriate rates and keep the records.\nForeign brokerage accounts add filing, remittance, estate, and protection complexity.\nWorldwide income and withholding\nJapan taxes its residents on worldwide income. So outside NISA, your foreign dividends and capital gains are generally subject to Japanese tax just like domestic ones, at the applicable rates. On top of that, many countries withhold tax at source on dividends paid to foreign investors — US dividends, for instance, commonly carry US withholding.\nThe result can be double taxation: the source country withholds, and Japan taxes the same income. NISA removes the Japanese layer for qualifying holdings but never the foreign one, so foreign-source withholding can remain even inside NISA.\nForeign tax credits and FX\nTo relieve double taxation, Japan’s foreign tax credit system can let you credit some foreign tax paid against your Japanese tax — but this generally requires filing a Japanese return and meeting the conditions. Because NISA leaves no Japanese tax on qualifying income, a credit may not recover foreign withholding on NISA holdings, which is a reason to model after-withholding results.\nEverything must be converted to yen. Use appropriate exchange rates for income and for acquisition/disposal, and keep records of the amounts and rates. FX conversion also affects your gain calculation on foreign-currency securities, since both the asset price and the exchange rate move.\nForeign brokerage accounts\nHolding assets at a foreign brokerage is legal for a resident but adds complexity: Japanese tax still applies to your worldwide income, and you take on Japanese filing, remittance procedures, cross-border estate exposure, and different (or weaker) regulatory and investor-protection frameworks. A foreign account is not a way to avoid Japanese tax.\nThese situations are fact-specific and can involve treaty provisions, reporting obligations, and estate-tax exposure on foreign-situated assets. Where foreign income or accounts are material, get individual cross-border tax advice rather than relying on general guidance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/foreign-investment-income-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-dividends","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:investment-records-and-statements"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"As a Japan resident, your foreign investment income is generally subject to Japanese tax outside NISA and may also face source-country withholding; foreign tax credits can relieve some double taxation through a Japanese return, and you must convert and record everything in yen.\nForeign dividends and gains, source-country withholding, foreign tax credits, FX conversion, and foreign brokerage accounts.\nJapan taxes residents on worldwide income, so foreign gains/dividends are generally taxable outside NISA.\nForeign dividends can also be withheld in the source country (e.g. US withholding).\nForeign tax credits can reduce double taxation, but generally require filing a Japanese return.\nConvert foreign amounts to yen using appropriate rates and keep the records.\nForeign brokerage accounts add filing, remittance, estate, and protection complexity.\nWorldwide income and withholding\nJapan taxes its residents on worldwide income. So outside NISA, your foreign dividends and capital gains are generally subject to Japanese tax just like domestic ones, at the applicable rates. On top of that, many countries withhold tax at source on dividends paid to foreign investors — US dividends, for instance, commonly carry US withholding.\nThe result can be double taxation: the source country withholds, and Japan taxes the same income. NISA removes the Japanese layer for qualifying holdings but never the foreign one, so foreign-source withholding can remain even inside NISA.\nForeign tax credits and FX\nTo relieve double taxation, Japan’s foreign tax credit system can let you credit some foreign tax paid against your Japanese tax — but this generally requires filing a Japanese return and meeting the conditions. Because NISA leaves no Japanese tax on qualifying income, a credit may not recover foreign withholding on NISA holdings, which is a reason to model after-withholding results.\nEverything must be converted to yen. Use appropriate exchange rates for income and for acquisition/disposal, and keep records of the amounts and rates. FX conversion also affects your gain calculation on foreign-currency securities, since both the asset price and the exchange rate move.\nForeign brokerage accounts\nHolding assets at a foreign brokerage is legal for a resident but adds complexity: Japanese tax still applies to your worldwide income, and you take on Japanese filing, remittance procedures, cross-border estate exposure, and different (or weaker) regulatory and investor-protection frameworks. A foreign account is not a way to avoid Japanese tax.\nThese situations are fact-specific and can involve treaty provisions, reporting obligations, and estate-tax exposure on foreign-situated assets. Where foreign income or accounts are material, get individual cross-border tax advice rather than relying on general guidance.","url":"/en/investing/foreign-investment-income-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-records-and-statements:en","entityId":"guide:investment-records-and-statements","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investment records and annual statements","plainText":"Keep annual transaction reports, acquisition-cost records, and dividend statements independently of any single broker — you need them for filing, loss carryforward, departure, inheritance, and home-country reporting.\nAnnual transaction reports, acquisition-cost records, dividend statements, what to download before leaving a broker, and retention.\nThe annual transaction report summarises your year’s trades for tax filing.\nAcquisition-cost records set your taxable gain — essential for general and foreign accounts.\nDividend statements document income and any withholding.\nDownload key documents before you leave or close a broker.\nRetain records independently; do not assume broker access lasts forever.\nWhat to keep\nThree records matter most. The annual transaction report (年間取引報告書) summarises your year’s realised trades and is the basis for tax filing in a specified-without-withholding or general account. Acquisition-cost records establish the cost basis that determines your taxable gain — critical for general accounts, foreign accounts, and any manual calculation. Dividend statements document income received and any tax withheld.\nFor foreign-currency holdings, also record the exchange rates used, since both the asset price and the FX rate affect your yen gain. These records support offsets, loss carryforward, and any foreign tax credit.\nBefore leaving a broker\nDownload key documents before you close an account, change brokers, or leave Japan. Once an account is closed or you become non-resident, access to historical statements can become difficult, and you may still need them years later for a tax authority, an inheritance, or home-country reporting. Save annual reports, acquisition-cost detail, dividend statements, and confirmation of holdings.\nWhen changing your NISA institution, remember that existing holdings usually stay at the old broker in that NISA relationship, so keep the old broker’s records too. When leaving Japan, get the broker’s written departure procedure and download everything first.\nA retention process\nDo not rely on a broker keeping your records available indefinitely — statements can be purged, interfaces change, and access ends when an account closes. Build a simple habit: each year, download the annual report and statements to your own storage, keep a running record of acquisition costs, and back it up.\nFor cross-border situations, keep records in a form usable by both Japanese and home-country tax preparers, including yen and, where relevant, foreign-currency figures. Good records turn a stressful filing, departure, or inheritance into a routine one.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investment-records-and-statements","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-leaving-japan"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:capital-gains-and-losses","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:moving-abroad-with-investments","guide:foreign-investment-income-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1476.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Keep annual transaction reports, acquisition-cost records, and dividend statements independently of any single broker — you need them for filing, loss carryforward, departure, inheritance, and home-country reporting.\nAnnual transaction reports, acquisition-cost records, dividend statements, what to download before leaving a broker, and retention.\nThe annual transaction report summarises your year’s trades for tax filing.\nAcquisition-cost records set your taxable gain — essential for general and foreign accounts.\nDividend statements document income and any withholding.\nDownload key documents before you leave or close a broker.\nRetain records independently; do not assume broker access lasts forever.\nWhat to keep\nThree records matter most. The annual transaction report (年間取引報告書) summarises your year’s realised trades and is the basis for tax filing in a specified-without-withholding or general account. Acquisition-cost records establish the cost basis that determines your taxable gain — critical for general accounts, foreign accounts, and any manual calculation. Dividend statements document income received and any tax withheld.\nFor foreign-currency holdings, also record the exchange rates used, since both the asset price and the FX rate affect your yen gain. These records support offsets, loss carryforward, and any foreign tax credit.\nBefore leaving a broker\nDownload key documents before you close an account, change brokers, or leave Japan. Once an account is closed or you become non-resident, access to historical statements can become difficult, and you may still need them years later for a tax authority, an inheritance, or home-country reporting. Save annual reports, acquisition-cost detail, dividend statements, and confirmation of holdings.\nWhen changing your NISA institution, remember that existing holdings usually stay at the old broker in that NISA relationship, so keep the old broker’s records too. When leaving Japan, get the broker’s written departure procedure and download everything first.\nA retention process\nDo not rely on a broker keeping your records available indefinitely — statements can be purged, interfaces change, and access ends when an account closes. Build a simple habit: each year, download the annual report and statements to your own storage, keep a running record of acquisition costs, and back it up.\nFor cross-border situations, keep records in a form usable by both Japanese and home-country tax preparers, including yen and, where relevant, foreign-currency figures. Good records turn a stressful filing, departure, or inheritance into a routine one.","url":"/en/investing/investment-records-and-statements","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:cash-deposits-vs-bonds:en","entityId":"guide:cash-deposits-vs-bonds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Savings accounts vs time deposits vs government bonds","plainText":"Ordinary savings give instant access, time deposits fix a rate for a term, and retail JGBs add government-backed principal — all are low-risk stores of value with low returns, and all carry inflation risk; ordinary savings suit an emergency fund.\nLiquidity, rate certainty, deposit insurance, inflation risk, early-withdrawal rules, and emergency-fund suitability.\nOrdinary savings: instant access, stable, very low return.\nTime deposits: fixed rate for a term, with early-withdrawal restrictions.\nRetail JGBs: government-backed principal, ¥10,000 minimum, redeemable after one year with a deduction.\nBank deposits are insured up to ¥10m of principal per bank; foreign-currency deposits usually are not.\nAll carry inflation risk — an emergency fund belongs in instantly accessible savings.\nLiquidity and rate certainty\nThese three tools trade access for return in small steps. Ordinary savings give instant access with a stable balance but the lowest return. A time deposit locks your money for a term in exchange for a fixed, slightly higher rate — predictable, but with early-withdrawal restrictions or penalties. A retail JGB offers government-backed principal, a ¥10,000 minimum, and monthly issuance, redeemable after one year with a deduction of the previous two interest payments.\nNone of these is a growth investment. They are places to keep money safe and reasonably accessible, with the differences mostly in how quickly you can get it and how the rate is set.\nInsurance and inflation\nBank deposits are protected by deposit insurance up to ¥10m of principal per depositor per bank, plus accrued interest; certain non-interest settlement deposits get fuller protection, while foreign-currency deposits are generally outside ordinary coverage. Retail JGBs carry the government’s credit rather than deposit insurance. Spreading large balances across banks changes coverage.\nAll of these share one risk: inflation. Because their returns are low, rising prices can erode your real purchasing power even though the yen balance does not fall. That is fine for short-term and emergency money, which needs reliability more than growth, but it is why long-horizon money is usually invested rather than left entirely in cash.\nWhich for an emergency fund\nAn emergency fund needs reliability and instant access, so ordinary savings are the natural home — you must be able to reach the money the day you need it, without market risk or withdrawal penalties. A time deposit or JGB can hold money for a known future date (a planned purchase in a year or two) where you accept slightly less flexibility for a marginally better rate or government backing.\nThe rule is to match the tool to when you will need the money: instant-access savings for emergencies and near-term spending, time deposits or JGBs for known short-term goals, and investments only for money you will not touch for years.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/cash-deposits-vs-bonds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:saving-vs-investing","guide:japanese-government-bonds","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:investor-deposit-protection"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Deposit Insurance Corporation of Japan","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Finance","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/jgbs/individual/kojinmuke/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Ordinary savings give instant access, time deposits fix a rate for a term, and retail JGBs add government-backed principal — all are low-risk stores of value with low returns, and all carry inflation risk; ordinary savings suit an emergency fund.\nLiquidity, rate certainty, deposit insurance, inflation risk, early-withdrawal rules, and emergency-fund suitability.\nOrdinary savings: instant access, stable, very low return.\nTime deposits: fixed rate for a term, with early-withdrawal restrictions.\nRetail JGBs: government-backed principal, ¥10,000 minimum, redeemable after one year with a deduction.\nBank deposits are insured up to ¥10m of principal per bank; foreign-currency deposits usually are not.\nAll carry inflation risk — an emergency fund belongs in instantly accessible savings.\nLiquidity and rate certainty\nThese three tools trade access for return in small steps. Ordinary savings give instant access with a stable balance but the lowest return. A time deposit locks your money for a term in exchange for a fixed, slightly higher rate — predictable, but with early-withdrawal restrictions or penalties. A retail JGB offers government-backed principal, a ¥10,000 minimum, and monthly issuance, redeemable after one year with a deduction of the previous two interest payments.\nNone of these is a growth investment. They are places to keep money safe and reasonably accessible, with the differences mostly in how quickly you can get it and how the rate is set.\nInsurance and inflation\nBank deposits are protected by deposit insurance up to ¥10m of principal per depositor per bank, plus accrued interest; certain non-interest settlement deposits get fuller protection, while foreign-currency deposits are generally outside ordinary coverage. Retail JGBs carry the government’s credit rather than deposit insurance. Spreading large balances across banks changes coverage.\nAll of these share one risk: inflation. Because their returns are low, rising prices can erode your real purchasing power even though the yen balance does not fall. That is fine for short-term and emergency money, which needs reliability more than growth, but it is why long-horizon money is usually invested rather than left entirely in cash.\nWhich for an emergency fund\nAn emergency fund needs reliability and instant access, so ordinary savings are the natural home — you must be able to reach the money the day you need it, without market risk or withdrawal penalties. A time deposit or JGB can hold money for a known future date (a planned purchase in a year or two) where you accept slightly less flexibility for a marginally better rate or government backing.\nThe rule is to match the tool to when you will need the money: instant-access savings for emergencies and near-term spending, time deposits or JGBs for known short-term goals, and investments only for money you will not touch for years.","url":"/en/investing/cash-deposits-vs-bonds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:corporate-pensions-japan:en","entityId":"guide:corporate-pensions-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Corporate pension plans in Japan","plainText":"Corporate defined-contribution (DC) and defined-benefit (DB) plans are employer-provided retirement benefits with employer funding and plan-specific rules; check matching, the menu, and portability, and coordinate them with your NISA and iDeCo room.\nCorporate DC vs defined-benefit plans, employee contributions and matching, portability, and coordinating with NISA and iDeCo.\nCorporate DC: employer (and sometimes employee) contributions into an investment menu you choose from.\nDefined benefit (DB): the employer promises a formula-based benefit and bears more of the risk.\nEmployer matching or contributions are effectively free money — do not leave it unclaimed.\nPlans have portability rules when you change jobs; check before moving.\nAn employer plan can reduce your iDeCo contribution room — coordinate the three.\nDC vs defined benefit\nJapanese employers may offer a corporate defined-contribution plan (企業型DC), a defined-benefit plan (確定給付企業年金), or a retirement allowance. In a corporate DC plan, the employer — and sometimes you — contributes into an account, and you choose investments from the plan’s menu; your eventual benefit depends on contributions and returns. In a defined-benefit plan, the employer promises a benefit based on a formula (such as salary and tenure) and bears more of the investment and longevity risk.\nThe practical difference is who bears the risk and who chooses the investments. DC gives you control and portability but market risk; DB gives predictability but less personal control.\nContributions and portability\nWhere an employer contributes or matches, that is effectively free return, and claiming it usually beats prioritising your own accounts — this is one of the few things that can reasonably come before NISA. Check the plan document for contribution rules, any matching, vesting, and the investment menu, and favour low-cost diversified options within it.\nPortability matters when you change jobs: corporate DC assets can generally be moved (for example to a new employer’s plan or to iDeCo), while DB and retirement-allowance treatment is plan-specific. Confirm the rules before switching employers, and keep records of contributions and balances.\nCoordinating with NISA and iDeCo\nYour employer plan interacts with iDeCo: participation in a corporate DC or DB plan can reduce how much you may contribute to iDeCo, and the limits depend on your specific coverage. Check your pension category and employer-plan status before assuming an iDeCo amount, and reverify around the December 2026 rule changes.\nA sensible order for many is: claim employer matching first, then use NISA for flexible tax-free growth, then iDeCo where the deduction is valuable and lock-up acceptable — all coordinated so you neither leave employer money unclaimed nor exceed iDeCo limits. Where the plan is complex, request the plan documents and, if needed, professional guidance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/corporate-pensions-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:investing-for-retirement","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/employeespension/employee.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/nationalpension/nationalpension.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Corporate defined-contribution (DC) and defined-benefit (DB) plans are employer-provided retirement benefits with employer funding and plan-specific rules; check matching, the menu, and portability, and coordinate them with your NISA and iDeCo room.\nCorporate DC vs defined-benefit plans, employee contributions and matching, portability, and coordinating with NISA and iDeCo.\nCorporate DC: employer (and sometimes employee) contributions into an investment menu you choose from.\nDefined benefit (DB): the employer promises a formula-based benefit and bears more of the risk.\nEmployer matching or contributions are effectively free money — do not leave it unclaimed.\nPlans have portability rules when you change jobs; check before moving.\nAn employer plan can reduce your iDeCo contribution room — coordinate the three.\nDC vs defined benefit\nJapanese employers may offer a corporate defined-contribution plan (企業型DC), a defined-benefit plan (確定給付企業年金), or a retirement allowance. In a corporate DC plan, the employer — and sometimes you — contributes into an account, and you choose investments from the plan’s menu; your eventual benefit depends on contributions and returns. In a defined-benefit plan, the employer promises a benefit based on a formula (such as salary and tenure) and bears more of the investment and longevity risk.\nThe practical difference is who bears the risk and who chooses the investments. DC gives you control and portability but market risk; DB gives predictability but less personal control.\nContributions and portability\nWhere an employer contributes or matches, that is effectively free return, and claiming it usually beats prioritising your own accounts — this is one of the few things that can reasonably come before NISA. Check the plan document for contribution rules, any matching, vesting, and the investment menu, and favour low-cost diversified options within it.\nPortability matters when you change jobs: corporate DC assets can generally be moved (for example to a new employer’s plan or to iDeCo), while DB and retirement-allowance treatment is plan-specific. Confirm the rules before switching employers, and keep records of contributions and balances.\nCoordinating with NISA and iDeCo\nYour employer plan interacts with iDeCo: participation in a corporate DC or DB plan can reduce how much you may contribute to iDeCo, and the limits depend on your specific coverage. Check your pension category and employer-plan status before assuming an iDeCo amount, and reverify around the December 2026 rule changes.\nA sensible order for many is: claim employer matching first, then use NISA for flexible tax-free growth, then iDeCo where the deduction is valuable and lock-up acceptable — all coordinated so you neither leave employer money unclaimed nor exceed iDeCo limits. Where the plan is complex, request the plan documents and, if needed, professional guidance.","url":"/en/investing/corporate-pensions-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-stock-and-fund-orders-work:en","entityId":"guide:how-stock-and-fund-orders-work","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How stock and fund orders work in Japan","plainText":"Stock orders can be market (fast, uncertain price) or limit (set price, may not fill); mutual-fund orders execute at a later once-daily NAV, and both settle a few business days after the trade date — so the displayed price is not always what you get.\nMarket vs limit orders, mutual-fund NAV timing, trade date vs settlement, bid-ask spreads, and cancellation.\nMarket order (成行): fast execution at available prices, but the price is not guaranteed.\nLimit order (指値): executes only at your price or better, but may not fill.\nMutual funds execute at a once-daily NAV calculated after the order cutoff — not the displayed price.\nTrade date (約定) and settlement date (受渡) differ; cash availability follows settlement.\nETFs and stocks have a bid-ask spread; know cancellation rules before markets move.\nMarket and limit orders\nFor stocks and ETFs, the two basic order types trade certainty of execution against certainty of price. A market order (成行) executes promptly at whatever prices are available, so it is likely to fill but the exact price is not guaranteed — risky in a fast-moving or thin market. A limit order (指値) executes only at your specified price or better, giving you price control at the risk that it may not fill at all.\nBeginners often assume the price they see is the price they will get; with a market order it may not be, especially for less liquid securities. Using limit orders for anything but the most liquid names is a simple way to avoid nasty surprises.\nFund NAV timing\nMutual funds work differently: they do not trade continuously at a live price. When you place a fund order, it executes at the net asset value (基準価額) calculated once per day after the order cutoff. So the price you ultimately pay is not the one displayed when you order — it is the later-calculated NAV, which can be higher or lower.\nA common beginner mistake is assuming the displayed figure is guaranteed. For a ¥10,000 recurring fund purchase, this is usually fine and predictable, but understand that the executed price reflects the day’s NAV, not a real-time quote.\nSettlement, spreads, and cancellation\nThe trade date (約定, when your order executes) and the settlement date (受渡, when cash and securities actually change hands) are not the same — settlement follows a few business days later, and your cash availability and withdrawal timing follow settlement, not the trade date. Plan around this if you need proceeds by a specific date.\nStocks and ETFs also carry a bid-ask spread (the gap between buy and sell prices) as an implicit cost, unlike a mutual fund’s single daily NAV. Finally, know the cancellation rules: once an order executes it cannot be undone, and fund orders past the cutoff execute at the next NAV. Understanding these mechanics prevents the most common execution mistakes.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/how-stock-and-fund-orders-work","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","guide:portfolio-rebalancing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Stock orders can be market (fast, uncertain price) or limit (set price, may not fill); mutual-fund orders execute at a later once-daily NAV, and both settle a few business days after the trade date — so the displayed price is not always what you get.\nMarket vs limit orders, mutual-fund NAV timing, trade date vs settlement, bid-ask spreads, and cancellation.\nMarket order (成行): fast execution at available prices, but the price is not guaranteed.\nLimit order (指値): executes only at your price or better, but may not fill.\nMutual funds execute at a once-daily NAV calculated after the order cutoff — not the displayed price.\nTrade date (約定) and settlement date (受渡) differ; cash availability follows settlement.\nETFs and stocks have a bid-ask spread; know cancellation rules before markets move.\nMarket and limit orders\nFor stocks and ETFs, the two basic order types trade certainty of execution against certainty of price. A market order (成行) executes promptly at whatever prices are available, so it is likely to fill but the exact price is not guaranteed — risky in a fast-moving or thin market. A limit order (指値) executes only at your specified price or better, giving you price control at the risk that it may not fill at all.\nBeginners often assume the price they see is the price they will get; with a market order it may not be, especially for less liquid securities. Using limit orders for anything but the most liquid names is a simple way to avoid nasty surprises.\nFund NAV timing\nMutual funds work differently: they do not trade continuously at a live price. When you place a fund order, it executes at the net asset value (基準価額) calculated once per day after the order cutoff. So the price you ultimately pay is not the one displayed when you order — it is the later-calculated NAV, which can be higher or lower.\nA common beginner mistake is assuming the displayed figure is guaranteed. For a ¥10,000 recurring fund purchase, this is usually fine and predictable, but understand that the executed price reflects the day’s NAV, not a real-time quote.\nSettlement, spreads, and cancellation\nThe trade date (約定, when your order executes) and the settlement date (受渡, when cash and securities actually change hands) are not the same — settlement follows a few business days later, and your cash availability and withdrawal timing follow settlement, not the trade date. Plan around this if you need proceeds by a specific date.\nStocks and ETFs also carry a bid-ask spread (the gap between buy and sell prices) as an implicit cost, unlike a mutual fund’s single daily NAV. Finally, know the cancellation rules: once an order executes it cannot be undone, and fund orders past the cutoff execute at the next NAV. Understanding these mechanics prevents the most common execution mistakes.","url":"/en/investing/how-stock-and-fund-orders-work","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:portfolio-rebalancing:en","entityId":"guide:portfolio-rebalancing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Portfolio rebalancing guide","plainText":"Rebalancing restores your target stock/bond weights after markets move them; the tax-efficient way is to direct new contributions toward the under-weighted asset, selling only when necessary — and preferring NISA trades or cash flows over realising taxable gains.\nWhy allocations drift, calendar vs threshold rebalancing, using contributions, and NISA vs taxable considerations.\nAllocations drift as assets rise and fall at different rates.\nCalendar rebalancing (e.g. yearly) and threshold rebalancing (e.g. ±5%) are two common rules.\nRebalancing with new contributions avoids selling and its taxes.\nOutside NISA, selling to rebalance can create taxable gains; inside NISA it uses annual allowance on repurchase.\nExample: rebalance a 60/40 target when equities exceed 65% or fall below 55%.\nWhy allocations drift\nYou choose a target mix — say 60% equities, 40% bonds — because it matches how much risk you want. But markets move the pieces at different rates: after a strong equity run, that 60/40 might become 70/30, quietly making your portfolio riskier than you intended. After a crash it might become 50/50, more conservative than planned. Rebalancing restores the target so your risk stays where you decided.\nRebalancing is a discipline, not a return-boosting trick. Its main value is keeping risk aligned with your plan and enforcing \"sell high, buy low\" mechanically, rather than acting on emotion.\nCalendar, threshold, and contributions\nTwo common rules exist. Calendar rebalancing checks and resets on a schedule — for example once a year. Threshold rebalancing acts only when an asset drifts beyond a band — for example rebalancing a 60/40 target when equities exceed 65% or fall below 55%. Many investors combine them: review on a calendar but only trade if a threshold is breached, to avoid needless small trades.\nThe most tax- and cost-efficient method is rebalancing with new contributions: direct fresh monthly money toward whichever asset is under-weighted, nudging the mix back without selling anything. For accumulating investors, this alone often keeps the allocation within band.\nNISA vs taxable considerations\nWhere you rebalance matters for tax. In a taxable account, selling a winner to rebalance realises a gain that is taxed at 20.315%, so prefer using new contributions, dividends, or cash flows first. Inside NISA, selling does not create Japanese tax, but the repurchase consumes annual allowance and the sold lifetime capacity only returns next year — so contributions are still usually the better tool.\nA practical priority order: rebalance with new contributions where possible; then use NISA trades (no tax, but mind allowance); then, only if needed, sell in the taxable account, accepting the tax. Keep the process simple and infrequent — over-rebalancing adds cost and effort without improving results.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/portfolio-rebalancing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:portfolio-maintenance","guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:how-stock-and-fund-orders-work","guide:balanced-funds"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Rebalancing restores your target stock/bond weights after markets move them; the tax-efficient way is to direct new contributions toward the under-weighted asset, selling only when necessary — and preferring NISA trades or cash flows over realising taxable gains.\nWhy allocations drift, calendar vs threshold rebalancing, using contributions, and NISA vs taxable considerations.\nAllocations drift as assets rise and fall at different rates.\nCalendar rebalancing (e.g. yearly) and threshold rebalancing (e.g. ±5%) are two common rules.\nRebalancing with new contributions avoids selling and its taxes.\nOutside NISA, selling to rebalance can create taxable gains; inside NISA it uses annual allowance on repurchase.\nExample: rebalance a 60/40 target when equities exceed 65% or fall below 55%.\nWhy allocations drift\nYou choose a target mix — say 60% equities, 40% bonds — because it matches how much risk you want. But markets move the pieces at different rates: after a strong equity run, that 60/40 might become 70/30, quietly making your portfolio riskier than you intended. After a crash it might become 50/50, more conservative than planned. Rebalancing restores the target so your risk stays where you decided.\nRebalancing is a discipline, not a return-boosting trick. Its main value is keeping risk aligned with your plan and enforcing \"sell high, buy low\" mechanically, rather than acting on emotion.\nCalendar, threshold, and contributions\nTwo common rules exist. Calendar rebalancing checks and resets on a schedule — for example once a year. Threshold rebalancing acts only when an asset drifts beyond a band — for example rebalancing a 60/40 target when equities exceed 65% or fall below 55%. Many investors combine them: review on a calendar but only trade if a threshold is breached, to avoid needless small trades.\nThe most tax- and cost-efficient method is rebalancing with new contributions: direct fresh monthly money toward whichever asset is under-weighted, nudging the mix back without selling anything. For accumulating investors, this alone often keeps the allocation within band.\nNISA vs taxable considerations\nWhere you rebalance matters for tax. In a taxable account, selling a winner to rebalance realises a gain that is taxed at 20.315%, so prefer using new contributions, dividends, or cash flows first. Inside NISA, selling does not create Japanese tax, but the repurchase consumes annual allowance and the sold lifetime capacity only returns next year — so contributions are still usually the better tool.\nA practical priority order: rebalance with new contributions where possible; then use NISA trades (no tax, but mind allowance); then, only if needed, sell in the taxable account, accepting the tax. Keep the process simple and infrequent — over-rebalancing adds cost and effort without improving results.","url":"/en/investing/portfolio-rebalancing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:portfolio-maintenance:en","entityId":"guide:portfolio-maintenance","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to maintain an investment portfolio","plainText":"Maintain a portfolio with light monthly operational checks, an annual review of costs and allocation, and event-driven reviews after major life changes — letting markets move you back to target via contributions, without reacting to headlines.\nMonthly, annual, and event-driven reviews; what should and should not trigger a change; and an annual checklist.\nMonitor operational alerts (contributions, security) monthly; do strategic review once or twice a year.\nLife events — income, family, residency — should trigger a review; headlines should not.\nReview costs, funds, brokers, beneficiaries, and tax records annually.\nRebalance toward target using contributions where possible.\nPrepare for withdrawals and keep records for tax and departure.\nReview cadence\nGood maintenance is mostly light and infrequent. Monthly, you only need to confirm that automatic contributions ran and that your account security is sound (alerts on, no unexpected activity) — not to check performance. Once or twice a year, do a strategic review: is the allocation still near target, are costs still low, are the funds and broker still the best fit?\nEvent-driven reviews are the third layer: after a major change in income, family, employment, or residency, revisit whether the plan still fits. The goal is a plan you hold steadily, adjusted deliberately at sensible moments — not one you tinker with constantly.\nWhat should and should not change strategy\nThe hardest discipline is not reacting to noise. A market fall, a scary headline, or a hot investment tip should not by itself change your strategy — if your allocation was right for your goals last month, a price move alone does not make it wrong. Reacting to headlines is the most common way investors damage long-term results.\nWhat should trigger a change: a shift in your goals, time horizon, income stability, or risk capacity; a life event like marriage, a child, a job change, or a planned move abroad; or a genuine problem with a fund or broker (a big cost increase, a fund closure). Change the plan for changes in your life, not for changes in the market.\nAn annual checklist\nOnce a year, run a simple checklist. Confirm the allocation is within its band and rebalance with contributions if needed. Check costs — fund fees, and whether a better/cheaper fund or broker now exists. Review beneficiaries and account details. Retain the year’s transaction reports and dividend statements for tax. And if you are approaching withdrawals, check your cash buffer and decumulation plan.\nFor anyone with cross-border ties, add a check of foreign obligations and, if relevant, departure procedures. Keeping this to an annual routine prevents both neglect and over-tinkering, and makes tax time and any future move far smoother.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/portfolio-maintenance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:portfolio-rebalancing","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:investment-records-and-statements","guide:investing-for-retirement"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Maintain a portfolio with light monthly operational checks, an annual review of costs and allocation, and event-driven reviews after major life changes — letting markets move you back to target via contributions, without reacting to headlines.\nMonthly, annual, and event-driven reviews; what should and should not trigger a change; and an annual checklist.\nMonitor operational alerts (contributions, security) monthly; do strategic review once or twice a year.\nLife events — income, family, residency — should trigger a review; headlines should not.\nReview costs, funds, brokers, beneficiaries, and tax records annually.\nRebalance toward target using contributions where possible.\nPrepare for withdrawals and keep records for tax and departure.\nReview cadence\nGood maintenance is mostly light and infrequent. Monthly, you only need to confirm that automatic contributions ran and that your account security is sound (alerts on, no unexpected activity) — not to check performance. Once or twice a year, do a strategic review: is the allocation still near target, are costs still low, are the funds and broker still the best fit?\nEvent-driven reviews are the third layer: after a major change in income, family, employment, or residency, revisit whether the plan still fits. The goal is a plan you hold steadily, adjusted deliberately at sensible moments — not one you tinker with constantly.\nWhat should and should not change strategy\nThe hardest discipline is not reacting to noise. A market fall, a scary headline, or a hot investment tip should not by itself change your strategy — if your allocation was right for your goals last month, a price move alone does not make it wrong. Reacting to headlines is the most common way investors damage long-term results.\nWhat should trigger a change: a shift in your goals, time horizon, income stability, or risk capacity; a life event like marriage, a child, a job change, or a planned move abroad; or a genuine problem with a fund or broker (a big cost increase, a fund closure). Change the plan for changes in your life, not for changes in the market.\nAn annual checklist\nOnce a year, run a simple checklist. Confirm the allocation is within its band and rebalance with contributions if needed. Check costs — fund fees, and whether a better/cheaper fund or broker now exists. Review beneficiaries and account details. Retain the year’s transaction reports and dividend statements for tax. And if you are approaching withdrawals, check your cash buffer and decumulation plan.\nFor anyone with cross-border ties, add a check of foreign obligations and, if relevant, departure procedures. Keeping this to an annual routine prevents both neglect and over-tinkering, and makes tax time and any future move far smoother.","url":"/en/investing/portfolio-maintenance","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner:en","entityId":"guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How foreign residents open a brokerage account","plainText":"A foreign resident generally needs a residence card, My Number, a Japanese bank account in the same name, and valid tax-residency declarations; applications are online or by post depending on the broker, and most rejections come from name mismatches or short document validity.\nResidence card, My Number, a Japanese bank account, name matching, visa validity, and troubleshooting rejections.\nCore documents: residence card, My Number, and a Japanese bank account in your name.\nYou declare Japanese and foreign tax residency; US persons face extra FATCA steps.\nSome brokers allow full online opening; others require postal processing for foreign nationals.\nName consistency across documents is the most common make-or-break factor.\nShort residence-card validity can delay or prevent opening.\nThe documents you need\nThe core requirements are a Japan-resident address; identity evidence such as a My Number Card, residence card, driver’s licence, or passport in an accepted combination; My Number evidence; and a linked Japanese bank account in your own name for funding and withdrawals. You will also make Japanese and foreign tax-residency declarations, and provide employment, insider, and source-of-funds information.\nA My Number Card usually enables the fastest identity process; a residence card without a My Number Card is often accepted with additional My Number and address documents. US citizens and green-card holders complete a FATCA declaration and may face product restrictions.\nOnline vs postal, and visa validity\nHow you apply varies by broker. Some firms permit fully online opening with a residence card; others require postal processing for foreign nationals, which takes longer. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui publish procedures accepting residence-card documentation, though the exact online/postal path differs. Check the current process for your nationality before choosing.\nVisa and residence-card validity matter even though the tax rule is residence-based: a short remaining validity can delay or prevent opening, because the broker assesses how long you can be served. Ensure your card has reasonable time left before applying.\nTroubleshooting rejections\nCommon rejection causes are a name mismatch across documents, short document validity, an unsupported nationality or tax residence, a duplicate NISA at another institution, or a failed identity verification. Politically exposed status or a sanctioned-country connection can trigger enhanced review or rejection, and these policies are rarely published in full.\nBefore reapplying, fix the specific cause: align your name across the residence card, bank record, and application; renew a soon-to-expire card; resolve any duplicate NISA; and confirm the broker accepts your nationality and residence status. If a duplicate NISA is the issue, you may need transfer or abolition documents from the other institution first.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:brokerage-name-matching","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:what-is-nisa"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"A foreign resident generally needs a residence card, My Number, a Japanese bank account in the same name, and valid tax-residency declarations; applications are online or by post depending on the broker, and most rejections come from name mismatches or short document validity.\nResidence card, My Number, a Japanese bank account, name matching, visa validity, and troubleshooting rejections.\nCore documents: residence card, My Number, and a Japanese bank account in your name.\nYou declare Japanese and foreign tax residency; US persons face extra FATCA steps.\nSome brokers allow full online opening; others require postal processing for foreign nationals.\nName consistency across documents is the most common make-or-break factor.\nShort residence-card validity can delay or prevent opening.\nThe documents you need\nThe core requirements are a Japan-resident address; identity evidence such as a My Number Card, residence card, driver’s licence, or passport in an accepted combination; My Number evidence; and a linked Japanese bank account in your own name for funding and withdrawals. You will also make Japanese and foreign tax-residency declarations, and provide employment, insider, and source-of-funds information.\nA My Number Card usually enables the fastest identity process; a residence card without a My Number Card is often accepted with additional My Number and address documents. US citizens and green-card holders complete a FATCA declaration and may face product restrictions.\nOnline vs postal, and visa validity\nHow you apply varies by broker. Some firms permit fully online opening with a residence card; others require postal processing for foreign nationals, which takes longer. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui publish procedures accepting residence-card documentation, though the exact online/postal path differs. Check the current process for your nationality before choosing.\nVisa and residence-card validity matter even though the tax rule is residence-based: a short remaining validity can delay or prevent opening, because the broker assesses how long you can be served. Ensure your card has reasonable time left before applying.\nTroubleshooting rejections\nCommon rejection causes are a name mismatch across documents, short document validity, an unsupported nationality or tax residence, a duplicate NISA at another institution, or a failed identity verification. Politically exposed status or a sanctioned-country connection can trigger enhanced review or rejection, and these policies are rarely published in full.\nBefore reapplying, fix the specific cause: align your name across the residence card, bank record, and application; renew a soon-to-expire card; resolve any duplicate NISA; and confirm the broker accepts your nationality and residence status. If a duplicate NISA is the issue, you may need transfer or abolition documents from the other institution first.","url":"/en/investing/opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokerage-name-matching:en","entityId":"guide:brokerage-name-matching","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Brokerage name and identity problems for foreigners","plainText":"The most common reason foreigners fail brokerage applications is a name mismatch — Roman vs katakana, middle names, orderings, or shortened forms that differ across your residence card, bank account, and card; make them all consistent before applying.\nRoman letters, katakana, middle names, shortened names, and matching residence-card, bank, and card records.\nName mismatch is the single most common cause of failed foreign applications and bank linkage.\nRoman-letter, katakana, and document orderings must be consistent everywhere.\nMiddle names and shortened forms often differ across records — a frequent failure point.\nYour brokerage name must match the linked bank account and often your card.\nFix all records to one consistent form before applying.\nWhy names cause failures\nJapanese financial systems match identity strictly, and foreign names create edge cases the systems were not designed around. Your name may appear in Roman letters on your residence card, in katakana on a bank account, with or without a middle name, in different orderings, or in a shortened everyday form. When these do not match, an application can be rejected or the link to your funding bank account can fail.\nThis is not about anything being \"wrong\" with your name — it is about consistency across systems that check character-by-character. A single differing middle name or a katakana rendering that does not match can be enough to stop an application.\nAligning your records\nThe fix is consistency. Before applying to a broker, make your name identical across the residence card, the linked Japanese bank account, and — where card investing is involved — your credit card. Decide on one form (including whether to include middle names and how to render katakana) and use it everywhere. Where a record already differs, correct it at the source (bank or card issuer) first.\nThis matters most for the bank linkage: brokers require a funding bank account in the same name, so a mismatch there blocks the whole setup. Aligning records in advance turns a likely rejection into a smooth opening.\nA preparation checklist\nBefore applying, run a quick check. Confirm the exact spelling and ordering on your residence card. Confirm your bank account name (including katakana) matches it. Confirm any card you will use for investing matches too. Note whether middle names appear, and keep the same choice everywhere. Ensure your residence card has enough remaining validity.\nIf you find a mismatch, correct it before applying rather than hoping the broker will overlook it. A little preparation here avoids the most common and frustrating cause of application failure for foreigners.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokerage-name-matching","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"The most common reason foreigners fail brokerage applications is a name mismatch — Roman vs katakana, middle names, orderings, or shortened forms that differ across your residence card, bank account, and card; make them all consistent before applying.\nRoman letters, katakana, middle names, shortened names, and matching residence-card, bank, and card records.\nName mismatch is the single most common cause of failed foreign applications and bank linkage.\nRoman-letter, katakana, and document orderings must be consistent everywhere.\nMiddle names and shortened forms often differ across records — a frequent failure point.\nYour brokerage name must match the linked bank account and often your card.\nFix all records to one consistent form before applying.\nWhy names cause failures\nJapanese financial systems match identity strictly, and foreign names create edge cases the systems were not designed around. Your name may appear in Roman letters on your residence card, in katakana on a bank account, with or without a middle name, in different orderings, or in a shortened everyday form. When these do not match, an application can be rejected or the link to your funding bank account can fail.\nThis is not about anything being \"wrong\" with your name — it is about consistency across systems that check character-by-character. A single differing middle name or a katakana rendering that does not match can be enough to stop an application.\nAligning your records\nThe fix is consistency. Before applying to a broker, make your name identical across the residence card, the linked Japanese bank account, and — where card investing is involved — your credit card. Decide on one form (including whether to include middle names and how to render katakana) and use it everywhere. Where a record already differs, correct it at the source (bank or card issuer) first.\nThis matters most for the bank linkage: brokers require a funding bank account in the same name, so a mismatch there blocks the whole setup. Aligning records in advance turns a likely rejection into a smooth opening.\nA preparation checklist\nBefore applying, run a quick check. Confirm the exact spelling and ordering on your residence card. Confirm your bank account name (including katakana) matches it. Confirm any card you will use for investing matches too. Note whether middle names appear, and keep the same choice everywhere. Ensure your residence card has enough remaining validity.\nIf you find a mismatch, correct it before applying rather than hoping the broker will overlook it. A little preparation here avoids the most common and frustrating cause of application failure for foreigners.","url":"/en/investing/brokerage-name-matching","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:moving-abroad-with-investments:en","entityId":"guide:moving-abroad-with-investments","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Moving abroad with Japanese investments","plainText":"When you leave Japan, NISA generally cannot continue except in specific qualifying temporary cases, taxable accounts may or may not be maintained depending on the broker and destination, and a separate exit tax can apply to large financial-asset holders — notify your broker and download records before departure.\nWhat happens to NISA and taxable accounts, broker restrictions, remitting proceeds, exit tax, and a pre-departure checklist.\nNISA generally closes on becoming non-resident, except a qualifying temporary-departure continuation filed in advance.\nNo new NISA purchases are allowed while abroad; the continuation lasts up to a five-year window.\nTaxable accounts may be maintained or restricted depending on broker and destination country.\nA separate exit tax can apply to departing residents with large specified financial assets.\nNotify the broker before leaving, download all records, and plan remittance and home-country tax.\nWhat happens to NISA\nNISA is a residents’ benefit, so it generally cannot continue after you become non-resident. There is one exception: a person temporarily leaving for an unavoidable reason (such as a work transfer) may, if the broker offers the procedure and a continuation notice is filed before departure, keep tax treatment on existing holdings — but no new purchases are allowed while abroad, the institution cannot be changed during continuation, and a return notice must be filed by the end of the year containing the fifth anniversary, or the NISA is abolished and holdings move to a general account.\nFor other departures, or when continuation is not requested, NISA is generally closed and holdings transfer to a taxable account, subject to the broker being able to maintain that account for a non-resident.\nTaxable accounts and exit tax\nTaxable accounts vary. Whether your specified or general account can remain open after you leave depends on the broker, the destination country, and the products held — some brokers cannot serve residents of certain countries. Failure to notify the broker of your departure can lead to retroactive taxation and account restrictions, so tell them before you go.\nSeparately, a Japanese exit-tax regime can apply to certain departing residents holding at least ¥100 million in specified financial assets with sufficient prior residence history. This is not a routine rule and is fact-specific — if it might apply to you, get professional advice well before departure.\nPre-departure checklist\nPlan the exit before you go. Contact each broker and bank to understand their non-resident policy and get the written departure procedure. Decide, with tax input where holdings are material, whether to keep or sell — do not sell automatically, but compare tax, market, transfer, and continuity consequences. Download all records: annual reports, acquisition costs, dividend statements, and holdings confirmations, which you may need years later.\nAlso plan remittance of any proceeds (subject to bank, anti-money-laundering, and tax procedures), update contact details, and understand both Japanese post-departure obligations and your destination country’s tax rules. Where holdings are significant or the situation is cross-border, get individual advice.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/moving-abroad-with-investments","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-leaving-japan"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:temporary-residents-investing","guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:nisa-when-not-first","guide:investment-records-and-statements"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"When you leave Japan, NISA generally cannot continue except in specific qualifying temporary cases, taxable accounts may or may not be maintained depending on the broker and destination, and a separate exit tax can apply to large financial-asset holders — notify your broker and download records before departure.\nWhat happens to NISA and taxable accounts, broker restrictions, remitting proceeds, exit tax, and a pre-departure checklist.\nNISA generally closes on becoming non-resident, except a qualifying temporary-departure continuation filed in advance.\nNo new NISA purchases are allowed while abroad; the continuation lasts up to a five-year window.\nTaxable accounts may be maintained or restricted depending on broker and destination country.\nA separate exit tax can apply to departing residents with large specified financial assets.\nNotify the broker before leaving, download all records, and plan remittance and home-country tax.\nWhat happens to NISA\nNISA is a residents’ benefit, so it generally cannot continue after you become non-resident. There is one exception: a person temporarily leaving for an unavoidable reason (such as a work transfer) may, if the broker offers the procedure and a continuation notice is filed before departure, keep tax treatment on existing holdings — but no new purchases are allowed while abroad, the institution cannot be changed during continuation, and a return notice must be filed by the end of the year containing the fifth anniversary, or the NISA is abolished and holdings move to a general account.\nFor other departures, or when continuation is not requested, NISA is generally closed and holdings transfer to a taxable account, subject to the broker being able to maintain that account for a non-resident.\nTaxable accounts and exit tax\nTaxable accounts vary. Whether your specified or general account can remain open after you leave depends on the broker, the destination country, and the products held — some brokers cannot serve residents of certain countries. Failure to notify the broker of your departure can lead to retroactive taxation and account restrictions, so tell them before you go.\nSeparately, a Japanese exit-tax regime can apply to certain departing residents holding at least ¥100 million in specified financial assets with sufficient prior residence history. This is not a routine rule and is fact-specific — if it might apply to you, get professional advice well before departure.\nPre-departure checklist\nPlan the exit before you go. Contact each broker and bank to understand their non-resident policy and get the written departure procedure. Decide, with tax input where holdings are material, whether to keep or sell — do not sell automatically, but compare tax, market, transfer, and continuity consequences. Download all records: annual reports, acquisition costs, dividend statements, and holdings confirmations, which you may need years later.\nAlso plan remittance of any proceeds (subject to bank, anti-money-laundering, and tax procedures), update contact details, and understand both Japanese post-departure obligations and your destination country’s tax rules. Where holdings are significant or the situation is cross-border, get individual advice.","url":"/en/investing/moving-abroad-with-investments","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-for-us-citizens:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA for US citizens","plainText":"A US citizen resident in Japan can open NISA and it removes Japanese tax, but it gives no US exemption; the fund you hold inside can create PFIC and reporting problems, so NISA can still have value only after a careful, product-specific US analysis.\nThe Japanese tax benefit, the lack of automatic US exemption, fund-selection complications, broker restrictions, and reporting.\nNISA removes Japanese tax but is not a US exemption — the US taxes worldwide income.\nThe fund you hold inside NISA determines your US complications, not the wrapper itself.\nJapanese mutual funds inside NISA can be PFICs, creating Form 8621 obligations.\nSome brokers restrict US persons from foreign-stock trading; policies differ.\nNISA can still have value depending on holdings — but only after cross-border review.\nThe Japanese benefit, not a US one\nA US citizen or green-card holder who is a Japan resident can generally open NISA — eligibility is residence-based. Inside Japan, NISA works normally, removing Japanese tax on qualifying gains and dividends. The critical point is that NISA is a provision of Japanese law, not the US Internal Revenue Code, so it gives no US exemption: the US taxes citizens on worldwide income, and NISA income can still be US-reportable and taxable.\nSo a US person gets the Japanese benefit but keeps full US obligations. Whether NISA is worthwhile depends heavily on what you hold inside it and how the US treats that holding.\nFund selection is the real problem\nThe complication lives in the holdings. A Japanese-domiciled mutual fund — the standard beginner choice inside NISA — can be a PFIC for US purposes, potentially requiring a separate Form 8621 per fund and punitive taxation or complex elections. So the \"obvious\" low-cost index fund can be exactly the wrong pick for a US person without analysis. Individual eligible stocks are generally not PFICs, and US-domiciled securities avoid the PFIC issue but raise their own broker-access questions.\nSome brokers also restrict US persons: Rakuten, for example, states US persons may not trade its foreign-stock products, and others impose different rules. These are commercial/regulatory policies, not a universal NISA rule.\nWhether NISA still has value\nNISA can still be worthwhile for a US person, but only after a product-specific analysis. If you hold US-domiciled securities or individual eligible stocks that avoid the PFIC problem, NISA’s removal of Japanese tax may add genuine value with manageable US reporting. If you hold Japanese mutual funds without analysis, the US PFIC burden can outweigh the Japanese benefit.\nThe safe sequence is to complete cross-border advice before buying anything inside NISA, covering PFIC classification, Form 8621, FBAR, Form 8938, foreign tax credits, and estate exposure. NISA is not automatically good or bad for a US person — it depends entirely on the holdings and the reporting they trigger.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-for-us-citizens","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:pfic-japanese-funds","guide:fbar-form-8938","guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-8621","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN)","url":"https://www.fincen.gov/report-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts","official":true},{"publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations/do-i-need-to-file-form-8938-statement-of-specified-foreign-financial-assets","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"A US citizen resident in Japan can open NISA and it removes Japanese tax, but it gives no US exemption; the fund you hold inside can create PFIC and reporting problems, so NISA can still have value only after a careful, product-specific US analysis.\nThe Japanese tax benefit, the lack of automatic US exemption, fund-selection complications, broker restrictions, and reporting.\nNISA removes Japanese tax but is not a US exemption — the US taxes worldwide income.\nThe fund you hold inside NISA determines your US complications, not the wrapper itself.\nJapanese mutual funds inside NISA can be PFICs, creating Form 8621 obligations.\nSome brokers restrict US persons from foreign-stock trading; policies differ.\nNISA can still have value depending on holdings — but only after cross-border review.\nThe Japanese benefit, not a US one\nA US citizen or green-card holder who is a Japan resident can generally open NISA — eligibility is residence-based. Inside Japan, NISA works normally, removing Japanese tax on qualifying gains and dividends. The critical point is that NISA is a provision of Japanese law, not the US Internal Revenue Code, so it gives no US exemption: the US taxes citizens on worldwide income, and NISA income can still be US-reportable and taxable.\nSo a US person gets the Japanese benefit but keeps full US obligations. Whether NISA is worthwhile depends heavily on what you hold inside it and how the US treats that holding.\nFund selection is the real problem\nThe complication lives in the holdings. A Japanese-domiciled mutual fund — the standard beginner choice inside NISA — can be a PFIC for US purposes, potentially requiring a separate Form 8621 per fund and punitive taxation or complex elections. So the \"obvious\" low-cost index fund can be exactly the wrong pick for a US person without analysis. Individual eligible stocks are generally not PFICs, and US-domiciled securities avoid the PFIC issue but raise their own broker-access questions.\nSome brokers also restrict US persons: Rakuten, for example, states US persons may not trade its foreign-stock products, and others impose different rules. These are commercial/regulatory policies, not a universal NISA rule.\nWhether NISA still has value\nNISA can still be worthwhile for a US person, but only after a product-specific analysis. If you hold US-domiciled securities or individual eligible stocks that avoid the PFIC problem, NISA’s removal of Japanese tax may add genuine value with manageable US reporting. If you hold Japanese mutual funds without analysis, the US PFIC burden can outweigh the Japanese benefit.\nThe safe sequence is to complete cross-border advice before buying anything inside NISA, covering PFIC classification, Form 8621, FBAR, Form 8938, foreign tax credits, and estate exposure. NISA is not automatically good or bad for a US person — it depends entirely on the holdings and the reporting they trigger.","url":"/en/investing/nisa-for-us-citizens","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pfic-japanese-funds:en","entityId":"guide:pfic-japanese-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PFIC rules and Japanese mutual funds","plainText":"A PFIC is a foreign passive investment company under US tax law; many Japanese mutual funds can qualify, potentially requiring a Form 8621 per fund and triggering punitive \"excess distribution\" taxation — so US persons should presume Japanese funds need analysis rather than assume they are safe.\nWhat a PFIC is, why Japanese funds may qualify, Form 8621, excess-distribution concerns, and why product-specific analysis matters.\nA PFIC is a foreign corporation that is mostly passive by income or assets, under US tax rules.\nMany non-US mutual funds, including Japanese ones, can be PFICs.\nA US shareholder may need a separate Form 8621 for each PFIC held.\nDefault PFIC taxation of \"excess distributions\" is punitive; elections are complex.\nClassification is fact-specific — presume analysis is needed, not that a fund is safe.\nWhat a PFIC is\nA Passive Foreign Investment Company (PFIC) is a US tax classification for a foreign corporation that is predominantly passive — either most of its income is passive (like dividends and interest) or most of its assets produce passive income. Pooled investment vehicles domiciled outside the US, such as many foreign mutual funds, frequently meet this test because their whole purpose is holding investments.\nA Japanese-domiciled mutual fund can therefore be a PFIC for a US shareholder. Not every foreign investment is a PFIC — shares of an ordinary operating company generally are not — but a fund whose business is holding passive assets is a classic candidate.\nForm 8621 and excess distributions\nHolding a PFIC brings reporting and, often, harsh taxation. A US person may need to file a separate Form 8621 for each PFIC held — so owning several Japanese funds can mean several forms. Under the default regime, \"excess distributions\" (large distributions or gains on sale) are taxed at high rates with an interest charge that effectively penalises the deferral, producing outcomes far worse than ordinary investment taxation.\nThere are elections (such as mark-to-market or, where available, a qualified electing fund election) that can improve the treatment, but they are complex, require specific information the fund may not readily provide, and must be handled correctly. This is specialist territory, not a do-it-yourself calculation.\nWhy product-specific analysis matters\nThe practical rule for a US person in Japan is to presume a Japanese mutual fund needs PFIC analysis rather than presume it is safe. A popular low-cost index fund is not exempt from these rules just because it is cheap and diversified. Even a Japan-listed ETF has no universal answer — many non-US fund vehicles warrant analysis.\nBecause outcomes are fact-specific and depend on the exact vehicle and elections, do not classify a product yourself from general descriptions. Before buying any Japanese pooled investment, get advice from a qualified US–Japan cross-border tax professional. Often US-domiciled ETFs or individual securities avoid the PFIC problem entirely, but whether they are available and appropriate is its own analysis.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/pfic-japanese-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","guide:fbar-form-8938","guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-8621","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"A PFIC is a foreign passive investment company under US tax law; many Japanese mutual funds can qualify, potentially requiring a Form 8621 per fund and triggering punitive \"excess distribution\" taxation — so US persons should presume Japanese funds need analysis rather than assume they are safe.\nWhat a PFIC is, why Japanese funds may qualify, Form 8621, excess-distribution concerns, and why product-specific analysis matters.\nA PFIC is a foreign corporation that is mostly passive by income or assets, under US tax rules.\nMany non-US mutual funds, including Japanese ones, can be PFICs.\nA US shareholder may need a separate Form 8621 for each PFIC held.\nDefault PFIC taxation of \"excess distributions\" is punitive; elections are complex.\nClassification is fact-specific — presume analysis is needed, not that a fund is safe.\nWhat a PFIC is\nA Passive Foreign Investment Company (PFIC) is a US tax classification for a foreign corporation that is predominantly passive — either most of its income is passive (like dividends and interest) or most of its assets produce passive income. Pooled investment vehicles domiciled outside the US, such as many foreign mutual funds, frequently meet this test because their whole purpose is holding investments.\nA Japanese-domiciled mutual fund can therefore be a PFIC for a US shareholder. Not every foreign investment is a PFIC — shares of an ordinary operating company generally are not — but a fund whose business is holding passive assets is a classic candidate.\nForm 8621 and excess distributions\nHolding a PFIC brings reporting and, often, harsh taxation. A US person may need to file a separate Form 8621 for each PFIC held — so owning several Japanese funds can mean several forms. Under the default regime, \"excess distributions\" (large distributions or gains on sale) are taxed at high rates with an interest charge that effectively penalises the deferral, producing outcomes far worse than ordinary investment taxation.\nThere are elections (such as mark-to-market or, where available, a qualified electing fund election) that can improve the treatment, but they are complex, require specific information the fund may not readily provide, and must be handled correctly. This is specialist territory, not a do-it-yourself calculation.\nWhy product-specific analysis matters\nThe practical rule for a US person in Japan is to presume a Japanese mutual fund needs PFIC analysis rather than presume it is safe. A popular low-cost index fund is not exempt from these rules just because it is cheap and diversified. Even a Japan-listed ETF has no universal answer — many non-US fund vehicles warrant analysis.\nBecause outcomes are fact-specific and depend on the exact vehicle and elections, do not classify a product yourself from general descriptions. Before buying any Japanese pooled investment, get advice from a qualified US–Japan cross-border tax professional. Often US-domiciled ETFs or individual securities avoid the PFIC problem entirely, but whether they are available and appropriate is its own analysis.","url":"/en/investing/pfic-japanese-funds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fbar-form-8938:en","entityId":"guide:fbar-form-8938","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"FBAR and Form 8938 for Japan brokerage accounts","plainText":"A US person must file an FBAR when aggregate foreign financial accounts exceed US$10,000 at any point in the year, and separately may need Form 8938 under different thresholds; Japanese bank, brokerage, and NISA accounts can count, and filing does not by itself mean tax is due.\nForeign financial accounts, the FBAR aggregate threshold, how Form 8938 differs, NISA/brokerage inclusion, and that filing is not the same as owing tax.\nFBAR (FinCEN Report 114) is required when aggregate foreign accounts exceed US$10,000 at any time in the year.\nJapanese bank, brokerage, and NISA accounts can be reportable foreign financial accounts.\nForm 8938 is a separate FATCA filing with different, generally higher, thresholds.\nFiling one does not replace the other; you may need both.\nFiling an information return does not by itself mean you owe tax.\nFBAR basics\nThe FBAR (Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts, FinCEN Report 114) is an information report, separate from your income tax return. A US person must file it when the aggregate value of their foreign financial accounts exceeds US$10,000 at any point during the calendar year — note that it is the combined peak across all accounts, not per account. Japanese bank accounts, brokerage accounts, and certain fund accounts, including NISA, can be included.\nBecause the threshold is an aggregate and uses the highest balance during the year, it is easy to cross without realising: a few ordinary Japanese accounts can total over US$10,000 at some point. You report the maximum value of each account during the year.\nHow Form 8938 differs\nForm 8938 (Statement of Specified Foreign Financial Assets) is a separate FATCA filing attached to your income tax return, with different definitions and thresholds — which are generally higher than FBAR’s and vary by filing status and whether you live abroad. It covers \"specified foreign financial assets,\" which can include foreign accounts and certain foreign investments.\nThe key point is that FBAR and Form 8938 are two different obligations: filing one does not satisfy the other, and depending on your balances you may need to file both, neither, or one. They ask overlapping but not identical questions, which is why people often file both.\nFiling is not owing tax\nA crucial reassurance: these are information reports, not tax bills. Filing an FBAR or Form 8938 discloses that you hold foreign accounts; it does not by itself create a tax liability. Whether you owe US tax depends on your income (dividends, gains, PFIC consequences), not on the disclosure forms themselves.\nThat said, the penalties for failing to file these reports when required can be severe, so the reporting matters even though it is not a tax. If you are a US person with Japanese accounts, treat FBAR and Form 8938 as a compliance checklist to review each year, and get professional help to determine exactly which apply to you.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/fbar-form-8938","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","guide:pfic-japanese-funds","guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN)","url":"https://www.fincen.gov/report-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts","official":true},{"publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations/do-i-need-to-file-form-8938-statement-of-specified-foreign-financial-assets","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"A US person must file an FBAR when aggregate foreign financial accounts exceed US$10,000 at any point in the year, and separately may need Form 8938 under different thresholds; Japanese bank, brokerage, and NISA accounts can count, and filing does not by itself mean tax is due.\nForeign financial accounts, the FBAR aggregate threshold, how Form 8938 differs, NISA/brokerage inclusion, and that filing is not the same as owing tax.\nFBAR (FinCEN Report 114) is required when aggregate foreign accounts exceed US$10,000 at any time in the year.\nJapanese bank, brokerage, and NISA accounts can be reportable foreign financial accounts.\nForm 8938 is a separate FATCA filing with different, generally higher, thresholds.\nFiling one does not replace the other; you may need both.\nFiling an information return does not by itself mean you owe tax.\nFBAR basics\nThe FBAR (Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts, FinCEN Report 114) is an information report, separate from your income tax return. A US person must file it when the aggregate value of their foreign financial accounts exceeds US$10,000 at any point during the calendar year — note that it is the combined peak across all accounts, not per account. Japanese bank accounts, brokerage accounts, and certain fund accounts, including NISA, can be included.\nBecause the threshold is an aggregate and uses the highest balance during the year, it is easy to cross without realising: a few ordinary Japanese accounts can total over US$10,000 at some point. You report the maximum value of each account during the year.\nHow Form 8938 differs\nForm 8938 (Statement of Specified Foreign Financial Assets) is a separate FATCA filing attached to your income tax return, with different definitions and thresholds — which are generally higher than FBAR’s and vary by filing status and whether you live abroad. It covers \"specified foreign financial assets,\" which can include foreign accounts and certain foreign investments.\nThe key point is that FBAR and Form 8938 are two different obligations: filing one does not satisfy the other, and depending on your balances you may need to file both, neither, or one. They ask overlapping but not identical questions, which is why people often file both.\nFiling is not owing tax\nA crucial reassurance: these are information reports, not tax bills. Filing an FBAR or Form 8938 discloses that you hold foreign accounts; it does not by itself create a tax liability. Whether you owe US tax depends on your income (dividends, gains, PFIC consequences), not on the disclosure forms themselves.\nThat said, the penalties for failing to file these reports when required can be severe, so the reporting matters even though it is not a tax. If you are a US person with Japanese accounts, treat FBAR and Form 8938 as a compliance checklist to review each year, and get professional help to determine exactly which apply to you.","url":"/en/investing/fbar-form-8938","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs:en","entityId":"guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japanese mutual funds vs US-domiciled ETFs for US taxpayers","plainText":"For US taxpayers, Japanese mutual funds are NISA-eligible but risk PFIC treatment, while US-domiciled ETFs avoid PFIC but need a broker that permits US persons and raise US estate-tax exposure — there is no universal answer, only an individual cross-border analysis.\nJapanese NISA eligibility, PFIC exposure, broker restrictions, currency and trading costs, withholding, reporting, and estate considerations.\nJapanese mutual funds: NISA-eligible but likely PFIC exposure for US persons.\nUS-domiciled ETFs: avoid PFIC but need a broker that accepts US persons.\nUS-situated assets can create US estate-tax exposure, including for non-US spouses.\nCurrency, trading costs, and foreign withholding differ between the two routes.\nThere is no universal recommendation — it depends on your full cross-border situation.\nThe core trade-off\nFor a US taxpayer in Japan, the two obvious routes pull in opposite directions. A Japanese mutual fund is NISA-eligible and simple to buy locally, but it likely carries PFIC exposure, with Form 8621 obligations and potentially punitive US taxation. A US-domiciled ETF avoids the PFIC problem — it is a US security — but you need a broker that permits US persons to hold it, and it may not fit neatly into NISA the way a Japanese fund does.\nSo the Japanese-tax simplicity of a domestic fund can come with US complexity, while the US-tax simplicity of a US ETF can come with access and account constraints. Neither is automatically better.\nCosts, withholding, and estate\nBeyond PFIC, several practical factors differ. Currency and trading costs: a US ETF usually requires converting yen to dollars (an FX spread) and may involve US-market trading costs, while a yen-denominated Japanese fund embeds conversion. Foreign withholding applies to dividends on US securities. And crucially, US-situated assets (like US ETFs and US stocks) can create US estate-tax exposure — a significant issue that can affect even a non-US-citizen spouse who inherits them.\nThese factors can push the decision either way depending on amounts, your reporting capacity, and your family situation. Estate exposure in particular is easy to overlook and can be material for larger holdings.\nWhy there is no universal answer\nBecause the right choice depends on the interaction of PFIC rules, broker access, currency and trading costs, withholding, US and Japanese reporting, estate exposure, and your state-tax residence, there is no one-size-fits-all recommendation. The same product can be sensible for one US person and a mistake for another.\nThe reliable step is process, not a product pick: before buying, complete an individual cross-border review with a qualified US–Japan tax professional, and keep statements in both yen and US-dollar terms. This page frames the trade-offs; it does not tell you which to buy, because that genuinely depends on facts only your adviser can assess.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/japan-funds-vs-us-etfs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:pfic-japanese-funds","guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","guide:fbar-form-8938"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-8621","official":true},{"publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations/do-i-need-to-file-form-8938-statement-of-specified-foreign-financial-assets","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN)","url":"https://www.fincen.gov/report-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"For US taxpayers, Japanese mutual funds are NISA-eligible but risk PFIC treatment, while US-domiciled ETFs avoid PFIC but need a broker that permits US persons and raise US estate-tax exposure — there is no universal answer, only an individual cross-border analysis.\nJapanese NISA eligibility, PFIC exposure, broker restrictions, currency and trading costs, withholding, reporting, and estate considerations.\nJapanese mutual funds: NISA-eligible but likely PFIC exposure for US persons.\nUS-domiciled ETFs: avoid PFIC but need a broker that accepts US persons.\nUS-situated assets can create US estate-tax exposure, including for non-US spouses.\nCurrency, trading costs, and foreign withholding differ between the two routes.\nThere is no universal recommendation — it depends on your full cross-border situation.\nThe core trade-off\nFor a US taxpayer in Japan, the two obvious routes pull in opposite directions. A Japanese mutual fund is NISA-eligible and simple to buy locally, but it likely carries PFIC exposure, with Form 8621 obligations and potentially punitive US taxation. A US-domiciled ETF avoids the PFIC problem — it is a US security — but you need a broker that permits US persons to hold it, and it may not fit neatly into NISA the way a Japanese fund does.\nSo the Japanese-tax simplicity of a domestic fund can come with US complexity, while the US-tax simplicity of a US ETF can come with access and account constraints. Neither is automatically better.\nCosts, withholding, and estate\nBeyond PFIC, several practical factors differ. Currency and trading costs: a US ETF usually requires converting yen to dollars (an FX spread) and may involve US-market trading costs, while a yen-denominated Japanese fund embeds conversion. Foreign withholding applies to dividends on US securities. And crucially, US-situated assets (like US ETFs and US stocks) can create US estate-tax exposure — a significant issue that can affect even a non-US-citizen spouse who inherits them.\nThese factors can push the decision either way depending on amounts, your reporting capacity, and your family situation. Estate exposure in particular is easy to overlook and can be material for larger holdings.\nWhy there is no universal answer\nBecause the right choice depends on the interaction of PFIC rules, broker access, currency and trading costs, withholding, US and Japanese reporting, estate exposure, and your state-tax residence, there is no one-size-fits-all recommendation. The same product can be sensible for one US person and a mistake for another.\nThe reliable step is process, not a product pick: before buying, complete an individual cross-border review with a qualified US–Japan tax professional, and keep statements in both yen and US-dollar terms. This page frames the trade-offs; it does not tell you which to buy, because that genuinely depends on facts only your adviser can assess.","url":"/en/investing/japan-funds-vs-us-etfs","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-brokerages-japan:en","entityId":"guide:best-brokerages-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best brokerages in Japan","plainText":"There is no single best broker: judge on total cost, product range, tax support, language, service, and security. Under stated assumptions, SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui lead for self-directed residents, and Interactive Brokers Japan leads for verified English support.\nHow to judge a broker, why \"best\" depends on the customer, and leading candidates by use case under stated assumptions.\n\"Best\" depends on your needs — there is no universal winner.\nJudge on total cost, product range, tax-account support, language, service, and security.\nSBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui lead for self-directed residents making monthly purchases.\nIBKR Japan leads for verified end-to-end English support and global-market access.\nWeight promotional point rates low — they change and can be outweighed by card fees.\nHow to judge a broker\nThe rankings here assume an individual Japan resident who trades online, accepts electronic delivery, invests mainly through NISA and a specified account, makes monthly purchases of roughly ¥30,000–¥100,000, and values low all-in cost, product breadth, tax administration, security, and reliability. Under different assumptions — active trading, human advice, a specific ecosystem — the answer changes.\nJudge on total cost (commissions, FX spreads, fund fees, transfer fees), product range, tax-account support, language, customer service, and security — not on the lowest headline commission or a temporary point rate. Promotional point rates receive low weight because they change and can be outweighed by card annual fees or spending requirements.\nLeading candidates by customer type\nFor a self-directed, Japanese-speaking beginner making monthly purchases, SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui are the natural first comparison: broad NISA fund menus, recurring purchases, low online pricing, and established infrastructure. Matsui is especially attractive for support-oriented beginners and small domestic-stock trades; Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart suits users embedded in the MUFG, au, or Ponta ecosystems.\nFor an English-dominant resident, Interactive Brokers Japan has the clearest verified end-to-end English website and support plus broad global-market access, though its professional interface suits investors comfortable with cross-border detail more than someone wanting the simplest Japanese fund experience.\nVerify before you commit\nWhatever the shortlist, verify the specific facts that matter to you before funding an account: does the broker carry the exact fund you intend, in the allowance you intend; does it accept your nationality and residence status; what are the FX and transfer costs; and what is its departure policy if you might leave Japan. Registration in the FSA operator database (and JSDA membership) confirms legal authorization but not suitability.\nThe other pages in this cluster narrow the choice by use case — beginners, foreign residents, English support, NISA, Japanese stocks, US stocks, mutual funds, small monthly investing, active trading, and points — each applying the same standardized dimensions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/best-brokerages-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:brokerage-fees-compared","guide:brokers-for-beginners","guide:brokers-english-support"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"There is no single best broker: judge on total cost, product range, tax support, language, service, and security. Under stated assumptions, SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui lead for self-directed residents, and Interactive Brokers Japan leads for verified English support.\nHow to judge a broker, why \"best\" depends on the customer, and leading candidates by use case under stated assumptions.\n\"Best\" depends on your needs — there is no universal winner.\nJudge on total cost, product range, tax-account support, language, service, and security.\nSBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui lead for self-directed residents making monthly purchases.\nIBKR Japan leads for verified end-to-end English support and global-market access.\nWeight promotional point rates low — they change and can be outweighed by card fees.\nHow to judge a broker\nThe rankings here assume an individual Japan resident who trades online, accepts electronic delivery, invests mainly through NISA and a specified account, makes monthly purchases of roughly ¥30,000–¥100,000, and values low all-in cost, product breadth, tax administration, security, and reliability. Under different assumptions — active trading, human advice, a specific ecosystem — the answer changes.\nJudge on total cost (commissions, FX spreads, fund fees, transfer fees), product range, tax-account support, language, customer service, and security — not on the lowest headline commission or a temporary point rate. Promotional point rates receive low weight because they change and can be outweighed by card annual fees or spending requirements.\nLeading candidates by customer type\nFor a self-directed, Japanese-speaking beginner making monthly purchases, SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui are the natural first comparison: broad NISA fund menus, recurring purchases, low online pricing, and established infrastructure. Matsui is especially attractive for support-oriented beginners and small domestic-stock trades; Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart suits users embedded in the MUFG, au, or Ponta ecosystems.\nFor an English-dominant resident, Interactive Brokers Japan has the clearest verified end-to-end English website and support plus broad global-market access, though its professional interface suits investors comfortable with cross-border detail more than someone wanting the simplest Japanese fund experience.\nVerify before you commit\nWhatever the shortlist, verify the specific facts that matter to you before funding an account: does the broker carry the exact fund you intend, in the allowance you intend; does it accept your nationality and residence status; what are the FX and transfer costs; and what is its departure policy if you might leave Japan. Registration in the FSA operator database (and JSDA membership) confirms legal authorization but not suitability.\nThe other pages in this cluster narrow the choice by use case — beginners, foreign residents, English support, NISA, Japanese stocks, US stocks, mutual funds, small monthly investing, active trading, and points — each applying the same standardized dimensions.","url":"/en/investing/best-brokerages-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokerage-fees-compared:en","entityId":"guide:brokerage-fees-compared","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Brokerage fees in Japan compared","plainText":"Compare the whole cost stack: domestic and foreign commissions, FX spreads, fund expense ratios, fractional-share spreads, and transfer fees. Several brokers charge about 0.495% (max US$22) on taxable US trades and ¥0 on covered NISA products, but \"zero commission\" never means zero cost.\nDomestic commissions, foreign-stock commissions, FX spreads, fund costs, fractional-share spreads, and why zero commission is not zero cost.\nDomestic online stock commissions can be ¥0 under routing/e-delivery conditions.\nTaxable US-stock commission is commonly 0.495%, capped at US$22; NISA-covered US products can be ¥0.\nFX spreads on yen↔foreign currency are a real, recurring cost — some advertise a zero USD/JPY spread.\nFund expense ratios, fractional-share spreads, and transfer-out fees add to the total.\nZero commission does not mean zero cost: spreads, fund fees, and withholding remain.\nDomestic and foreign commissions\nHeadline commissions have fallen sharply. Several large online brokers offer ¥0 domestic online stock trades under conditions (accepting electronic delivery and any required smart-order-routing consent), and ¥0 on NISA-covered domestic and US shares and funds. For taxable US-stock trades, a common schedule is about 0.495% of the trade value, capped at roughly US$22.\nTraditional full-service and branch channels cost far more — branch domestic commissions can exceed 1% with a minimum charge. So the same trade can be near-free online or over a hundred times more expensive through a branch; match the channel to your needs.\nFX spreads and fund costs\nFor foreign securities, the FX spread — the gap between the rate the broker buys and sells currency — is often a bigger cost than the commission. Some brokers advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread; others apply a per-dollar spread (for example around ¥0.20). Verify the current terms and direction, because conversion costs recur every time you buy or sell.\nFund-level costs matter more than trading fees for long-term holders: the trust fee (信託報酬), plus any underlying-fund expenses, custody, and tracking difference, compound every year. A slightly cheaper commission is irrelevant next to a fund that costs 1% more per year.\nFractional shares, transfers, and hidden costs\nOther costs hide below the headline. Fractional or odd-lot share purchases can carry a wider spread than round lots. Transfer-out fees apply if you move securities to another broker. Bid-ask spreads on stocks and ETFs are an implicit cost. Foreign dividends carry source-country withholding. And some \"zero commission\" offers require electronic delivery or routing consent to apply.\nThe lesson is to compare the whole stack for your actual usage — not just the commission line. A broker with a slightly higher commission but a tighter FX spread and cheaper funds can be cheaper overall for a global investor. Add up the costs you will actually incur.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokerage-fees-compared","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:brokerage-account-requirements","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:currency-risk-yen"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/commission/","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex Securities","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/service/fee/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Compare the whole cost stack: domestic and foreign commissions, FX spreads, fund expense ratios, fractional-share spreads, and transfer fees. Several brokers charge about 0.495% (max US$22) on taxable US trades and ¥0 on covered NISA products, but \"zero commission\" never means zero cost.\nDomestic commissions, foreign-stock commissions, FX spreads, fund costs, fractional-share spreads, and why zero commission is not zero cost.\nDomestic online stock commissions can be ¥0 under routing/e-delivery conditions.\nTaxable US-stock commission is commonly 0.495%, capped at US$22; NISA-covered US products can be ¥0.\nFX spreads on yen↔foreign currency are a real, recurring cost — some advertise a zero USD/JPY spread.\nFund expense ratios, fractional-share spreads, and transfer-out fees add to the total.\nZero commission does not mean zero cost: spreads, fund fees, and withholding remain.\nDomestic and foreign commissions\nHeadline commissions have fallen sharply. Several large online brokers offer ¥0 domestic online stock trades under conditions (accepting electronic delivery and any required smart-order-routing consent), and ¥0 on NISA-covered domestic and US shares and funds. For taxable US-stock trades, a common schedule is about 0.495% of the trade value, capped at roughly US$22.\nTraditional full-service and branch channels cost far more — branch domestic commissions can exceed 1% with a minimum charge. So the same trade can be near-free online or over a hundred times more expensive through a branch; match the channel to your needs.\nFX spreads and fund costs\nFor foreign securities, the FX spread — the gap between the rate the broker buys and sells currency — is often a bigger cost than the commission. Some brokers advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread; others apply a per-dollar spread (for example around ¥0.20). Verify the current terms and direction, because conversion costs recur every time you buy or sell.\nFund-level costs matter more than trading fees for long-term holders: the trust fee (信託報酬), plus any underlying-fund expenses, custody, and tracking difference, compound every year. A slightly cheaper commission is irrelevant next to a fund that costs 1% more per year.\nFractional shares, transfers, and hidden costs\nOther costs hide below the headline. Fractional or odd-lot share purchases can carry a wider spread than round lots. Transfer-out fees apply if you move securities to another broker. Bid-ask spreads on stocks and ETFs are an implicit cost. Foreign dividends carry source-country withholding. And some \"zero commission\" offers require electronic delivery or routing consent to apply.\nThe lesson is to compare the whole stack for your actual usage — not just the commission line. A broker with a slightly higher commission but a tighter FX spread and cheaper funds can be cheaper overall for a global investor. Add up the costs you will actually incur.","url":"/en/investing/brokerage-fees-compared","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokerage-account-requirements:en","entityId":"guide:brokerage-account-requirements","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Brokerage account requirements compared","plainText":"Opening any Japanese brokerage account requires My Number, identity evidence, a matching Japanese bank account, and tax-residency declarations; US persons add a FATCA declaration and face product restrictions, and most rejections come from name mismatches, short document validity, or a duplicate NISA.\nMy Number, residence card, tax IDs, name matching, US-person declarations, visa validity, insider declarations, and rejection causes.\nMy Number is ordinarily required for securities tax administration and NISA.\nA residence card and a Japanese bank account in a matching name are core requirements.\nUS citizenship/green card triggers a FATCA declaration and possible product restrictions.\nShort residence-card validity, insider status, and multiple tax residencies affect processing.\nCommon rejection causes: name mismatch, short validity, duplicate NISA, or failed verification.\nCore requirements\nEvery applicant needs identity evidence and My Number, which is ordinarily required for securities tax administration and NISA. A My Number Card usually gives the fastest process; a residence card or other ID without it is often accepted with additional My Number and address documents. You also need a Japanese bank account in your own name for funding, and you declare Japanese and foreign tax residency.\nBeyond the basics, brokers collect employment, insider, nationality, and source-of-funds information. Corporate insiders face additional declarations and trading restrictions tied to their employer and any listed company they are connected to.\nUS persons, visas, and multiple residencies\nCertain situations add steps. US citizenship or a green card triggers a FATCA declaration and can bring product restrictions — some brokers prohibit US persons from foreign-stock trading. Multiple tax residencies require additional tax-identification numbers and self-certification. A politically exposed person or a connection to a sanctioned country can trigger enhanced review or rejection.\nVisa and residence-card validity matter even though the tax rule is residence-based: short remaining validity can delay or prevent opening. If you plan to leave Japan, confirm the non-resident continuation policy before applying, since it affects what happens to the account later.\nCommon rejection causes\nMost rejections trace to a few causes: a name mismatch across the residence card, bank record, and application (the single most common); short document validity; an unsupported nationality or tax residence; a duplicate NISA at another institution; or a failed identity verification. If you already have NISA elsewhere, you may need transfer or abolition documents before a new NISA opening.\nThe fix is preparation: align your name everywhere, renew a soon-to-expire card, resolve any duplicate NISA, and confirm the broker accepts your status. Processing time ranges from same-day provisional access to several weeks, depending on documents and tax-authority confirmation.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokerage-account-requirements","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:brokerage-name-matching","guide:brokerage-fees-compared","guide:investing-as-foreign-resident"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Opening any Japanese brokerage account requires My Number, identity evidence, a matching Japanese bank account, and tax-residency declarations; US persons add a FATCA declaration and face product restrictions, and most rejections come from name mismatches, short document validity, or a duplicate NISA.\nMy Number, residence card, tax IDs, name matching, US-person declarations, visa validity, insider declarations, and rejection causes.\nMy Number is ordinarily required for securities tax administration and NISA.\nA residence card and a Japanese bank account in a matching name are core requirements.\nUS citizenship/green card triggers a FATCA declaration and possible product restrictions.\nShort residence-card validity, insider status, and multiple tax residencies affect processing.\nCommon rejection causes: name mismatch, short validity, duplicate NISA, or failed verification.\nCore requirements\nEvery applicant needs identity evidence and My Number, which is ordinarily required for securities tax administration and NISA. A My Number Card usually gives the fastest process; a residence card or other ID without it is often accepted with additional My Number and address documents. You also need a Japanese bank account in your own name for funding, and you declare Japanese and foreign tax residency.\nBeyond the basics, brokers collect employment, insider, nationality, and source-of-funds information. Corporate insiders face additional declarations and trading restrictions tied to their employer and any listed company they are connected to.\nUS persons, visas, and multiple residencies\nCertain situations add steps. US citizenship or a green card triggers a FATCA declaration and can bring product restrictions — some brokers prohibit US persons from foreign-stock trading. Multiple tax residencies require additional tax-identification numbers and self-certification. A politically exposed person or a connection to a sanctioned country can trigger enhanced review or rejection.\nVisa and residence-card validity matter even though the tax rule is residence-based: short remaining validity can delay or prevent opening. If you plan to leave Japan, confirm the non-resident continuation policy before applying, since it affects what happens to the account later.\nCommon rejection causes\nMost rejections trace to a few causes: a name mismatch across the residence card, bank record, and application (the single most common); short document validity; an unsupported nationality or tax residence; a duplicate NISA at another institution; or a failed identity verification. If you already have NISA elsewhere, you may need transfer or abolition documents before a new NISA opening.\nThe fix is preparation: align your name everywhere, renew a soon-to-expire card, resolve any duplicate NISA, and confirm the broker accepts your status. Processing time ranges from same-day provisional access to several weeks, depending on documents and tax-authority confirmation.","url":"/en/investing/brokerage-account-requirements","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:online-vs-full-service-brokers:en","entityId":"guide:online-vs-full-service-brokers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Online vs full-service brokerages","plainText":"Online brokers win on cost and app usability for self-directed passive investing; full-service brokers add human advice, bonds, IPO access, inheritance and wealth services, but at much higher commissions and with potential distribution conflicts.\nOnline brokers vs branch brokers: advice and human support, bonds/IPOs/inheritance, cost differences, and conflicts.\nOnline brokers: lowest cost, best apps, ideal for self-directed passive investing.\nFull-service brokers: human advice, bonds, IPOs, inheritance, and wealth services.\nBranch/comprehensive-course commissions can exceed 1% vs near-zero online.\nAdviser compensation is not neutral — product distribution can create conflicts.\nMany investors self-direct online and use full-service only for specific complex needs.\nWhat online brokers do best\nOnline brokers (SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and others) are built for self-directed investing: low or zero commissions under conditions, strong mobile apps, easy recurring purchases, broad low-cost fund menus, and point/card integrations. For a beginner or a passive long-term investor buying a diversified index fund monthly, they are usually the cheapest and most convenient choice by a wide margin.\nTheir trade-off is that you make the decisions. There is guidance and education, but no human adviser managing your portfolio — which for a simple index strategy is a feature, not a gap.\nWhat full-service adds\nFull-service brokers (Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, Mizuho) add human advice, physical branches, and access to bonds, IPO allocations, inheritance and estate services, and wealth management. For complex situations, high-net-worth needs, or investors who genuinely value guidance and in-person support, that service can justify the cost.\nBut the cost is real: branch and comprehensive-course commissions can exceed 1% on routine domestic trades, versus near-zero online, and product menus can carry higher ongoing fees. For simple passive investing, that gap is hard to justify.\nConflicts and choosing\nWith advice comes a caution: adviser compensation is not neutral. When a firm earns more from selling certain products, recommendations can reflect distribution incentives as well as your interests. This does not make advice worthless, but it means you should demand the explicit all-in cost and a benchmark comparison for any recommendation, and scrutinise rather than accept on trust.\nA common structure is to self-direct low-cost investing online and use a full-service relationship only for specific needs — a complex bond, an IPO, or estate planning — where the service genuinely adds value. Match the channel to the task rather than defaulting to one for everything.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/online-vs-full-service-brokers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:advised-investing-japan","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:robo-advisors-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Online brokers win on cost and app usability for self-directed passive investing; full-service brokers add human advice, bonds, IPO access, inheritance and wealth services, but at much higher commissions and with potential distribution conflicts.\nOnline brokers vs branch brokers: advice and human support, bonds/IPOs/inheritance, cost differences, and conflicts.\nOnline brokers: lowest cost, best apps, ideal for self-directed passive investing.\nFull-service brokers: human advice, bonds, IPOs, inheritance, and wealth services.\nBranch/comprehensive-course commissions can exceed 1% vs near-zero online.\nAdviser compensation is not neutral — product distribution can create conflicts.\nMany investors self-direct online and use full-service only for specific complex needs.\nWhat online brokers do best\nOnline brokers (SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and others) are built for self-directed investing: low or zero commissions under conditions, strong mobile apps, easy recurring purchases, broad low-cost fund menus, and point/card integrations. For a beginner or a passive long-term investor buying a diversified index fund monthly, they are usually the cheapest and most convenient choice by a wide margin.\nTheir trade-off is that you make the decisions. There is guidance and education, but no human adviser managing your portfolio — which for a simple index strategy is a feature, not a gap.\nWhat full-service adds\nFull-service brokers (Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, Mizuho) add human advice, physical branches, and access to bonds, IPO allocations, inheritance and estate services, and wealth management. For complex situations, high-net-worth needs, or investors who genuinely value guidance and in-person support, that service can justify the cost.\nBut the cost is real: branch and comprehensive-course commissions can exceed 1% on routine domestic trades, versus near-zero online, and product menus can carry higher ongoing fees. For simple passive investing, that gap is hard to justify.\nConflicts and choosing\nWith advice comes a caution: adviser compensation is not neutral. When a firm earns more from selling certain products, recommendations can reflect distribution incentives as well as your interests. This does not make advice worthless, but it means you should demand the explicit all-in cost and a benchmark comparison for any recommendation, and scrutinise rather than accept on trust.\nA common structure is to self-direct low-cost investing online and use a full-service relationship only for specific needs — a complex bond, an IPO, or estate planning — where the service genuinely adds value. Match the channel to the task rather than defaulting to one for everything.","url":"/en/investing/online-vs-full-service-brokers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-beginners:en","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-beginners","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best brokerages for beginners","plainText":"Beginners are best served by brokers with easy opening, a clear app, low fund minimums (from ¥100), simple recurring purchases, and good support — Rakuten, SBI, Matsui, and Monex are the usual shortlist for a Japanese-speaking beginner.\nEase of opening, app usability, education, fund minimums, recurring investment, and support for first-time investors.\nPrioritise easy opening, a clear app, and simple recurring purchases over advanced tools.\nLow fund minimums (often ¥100) let you start small and automate.\nRakuten, SBI, Matsui, and Monex are the usual beginner shortlist.\nMatsui is notable for support and small domestic-stock trades.\nOnboarding is mostly Japanese-language; verify English needs separately.\nWhat matters for a beginner\nAs a beginner, the advanced features that impress active traders barely matter. What matters is getting started and staying consistent: a straightforward account-opening process, an app you can navigate without confusion, low fund minimums so you can start small, and simple recurring purchases so investing becomes automatic. Beginner education and responsive support help you build confidence.\nYou do not need margin, derivatives, or fifty markets. You need to buy one diversified low-cost fund every month without friction. Choose the broker that makes that easy, not the one with the longest feature list.\nThe usual shortlist\nFor a Japanese-speaking beginner, Rakuten, SBI, Matsui, and Monex are the natural first comparison. All offer broad NISA fund menus, ¥100 minimums, recurring purchases, and established infrastructure. Rakuten and SBI are the default low-cost choices with strong ecosystems; Matsui is particularly beginner-friendly with strong telephone support and useful small domestic-stock pricing; Monex is strong for research if you grow into it.\nEcosystem fit can break the tie: if you already use Rakuten services, Rakuten Securities integrates neatly; if you use SMBC/Olive or V Points, SBI fits; if you are in the MUFG/au/Ponta world, Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart is worth a look.\nGetting started well\nOnce you pick a broker, the beginner path is the same everywhere: open NISA, choose one diversified low-cost index fund, set up a monthly recurring purchase you can sustain, and automate it. Do not over-optimise the broker choice — the difference between the top few is small compared with actually starting and staying invested.\nIf English support is essential at opening or for tax documents, that is a separate consideration — most beginner-friendly brokers onboard mainly in Japanese, so check the English-support page before assuming.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokers-for-beginners","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-for-beginners","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokers-english-support","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Beginners are best served by brokers with easy opening, a clear app, low fund minimums (from ¥100), simple recurring purchases, and good support — Rakuten, SBI, Matsui, and Monex are the usual shortlist for a Japanese-speaking beginner.\nEase of opening, app usability, education, fund minimums, recurring investment, and support for first-time investors.\nPrioritise easy opening, a clear app, and simple recurring purchases over advanced tools.\nLow fund minimums (often ¥100) let you start small and automate.\nRakuten, SBI, Matsui, and Monex are the usual beginner shortlist.\nMatsui is notable for support and small domestic-stock trades.\nOnboarding is mostly Japanese-language; verify English needs separately.\nWhat matters for a beginner\nAs a beginner, the advanced features that impress active traders barely matter. What matters is getting started and staying consistent: a straightforward account-opening process, an app you can navigate without confusion, low fund minimums so you can start small, and simple recurring purchases so investing becomes automatic. Beginner education and responsive support help you build confidence.\nYou do not need margin, derivatives, or fifty markets. You need to buy one diversified low-cost fund every month without friction. Choose the broker that makes that easy, not the one with the longest feature list.\nThe usual shortlist\nFor a Japanese-speaking beginner, Rakuten, SBI, Matsui, and Monex are the natural first comparison. All offer broad NISA fund menus, ¥100 minimums, recurring purchases, and established infrastructure. Rakuten and SBI are the default low-cost choices with strong ecosystems; Matsui is particularly beginner-friendly with strong telephone support and useful small domestic-stock pricing; Monex is strong for research if you grow into it.\nEcosystem fit can break the tie: if you already use Rakuten services, Rakuten Securities integrates neatly; if you use SMBC/Olive or V Points, SBI fits; if you are in the MUFG/au/Ponta world, Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart is worth a look.\nGetting started well\nOnce you pick a broker, the beginner path is the same everywhere: open NISA, choose one diversified low-cost index fund, set up a monthly recurring purchase you can sustain, and automate it. Do not over-optimise the broker choice — the difference between the top few is small compared with actually starting and staying invested.\nIf English support is essential at opening or for tax documents, that is a separate consideration — most beginner-friendly brokers onboard mainly in Japanese, so check the English-support page before assuming.","url":"/en/investing/brokers-for-beginners","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-english-support:en","entityId":"guide:brokers-english-support","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best English-support brokerages","plainText":"Among providers verified in the research, Interactive Brokers Japan has the clearest end-to-end English website and support; Japanese brokers are mainly Japanese-language, and browser translation does not make the legally controlling documents English.\nEnglish website, application, trading interface, tax documents, and support — and the limits of browser translation.\nIBKR Japan has the strongest verified end-to-end English support among providers covered.\nConfirm English at each stage you need: opening, trading, tax documents, and incident support.\nMost Japanese brokers onboard and support mainly in Japanese.\nBrowser translation is not a substitute — controlling documents may remain Japanese.\nIBKR’s professional platform suits investors comfortable with cross-border detail.\nThe clearest English option\nAmong the providers verified in this research, Interactive Brokers Securities Japan has the clearest end-to-end English: an English website, English application, English trading interface, and English telephone, email, and chat support, plus broad international-market access and NISA support. For an English-dominant resident, it is the strongest verified choice.\nThe trade-off is that IBKR is a professional platform. Its order types, market access, and cross-border tax detail can overwhelm a beginner who simply wants to buy one Japanese index fund. It suits investors comfortable with a more complex interface and cross-border considerations.\nCheck English at each stage\nEnglish support is not all-or-nothing. Confirm it at each stage you actually need: account opening, day-to-day trading, tax documents, and — critically — support during a problem (a trade error, a security incident, a departure from Japan). A broker with an English marketing page may still handle incidents or tax paperwork only in Japanese.\nSome Japanese brokers offer partial English resources, but the legally controlling account-opening and trading documents, and live support, are often Japanese. Do not infer full English support from a few translated pages.\nThe limits of browser translation\nBrowser translation can make a Japanese broker usable day-to-day, but it has real limits. The documents that legally bind you — account agreements, risk disclosures, tax forms — remain Japanese, and a machine translation is not an official version you can rely on for a dispute. Live support during an urgent problem will also be in Japanese.\nSo browser translation is a convenience for a confident user, not a true English-support substitute. If genuine English support at every critical stage is essential, IBKR Japan is the verified option; if you can handle Japanese documents (with help where needed), the broader Japanese brokers open up with their lower-cost fund ecosystems.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokers-english-support","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokers-for-foreign-residents","guide:ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Among providers verified in the research, Interactive Brokers Japan has the clearest end-to-end English website and support; Japanese brokers are mainly Japanese-language, and browser translation does not make the legally controlling documents English.\nEnglish website, application, trading interface, tax documents, and support — and the limits of browser translation.\nIBKR Japan has the strongest verified end-to-end English support among providers covered.\nConfirm English at each stage you need: opening, trading, tax documents, and incident support.\nMost Japanese brokers onboard and support mainly in Japanese.\nBrowser translation is not a substitute — controlling documents may remain Japanese.\nIBKR’s professional platform suits investors comfortable with cross-border detail.\nThe clearest English option\nAmong the providers verified in this research, Interactive Brokers Securities Japan has the clearest end-to-end English: an English website, English application, English trading interface, and English telephone, email, and chat support, plus broad international-market access and NISA support. For an English-dominant resident, it is the strongest verified choice.\nThe trade-off is that IBKR is a professional platform. Its order types, market access, and cross-border tax detail can overwhelm a beginner who simply wants to buy one Japanese index fund. It suits investors comfortable with a more complex interface and cross-border considerations.\nCheck English at each stage\nEnglish support is not all-or-nothing. Confirm it at each stage you actually need: account opening, day-to-day trading, tax documents, and — critically — support during a problem (a trade error, a security incident, a departure from Japan). A broker with an English marketing page may still handle incidents or tax paperwork only in Japanese.\nSome Japanese brokers offer partial English resources, but the legally controlling account-opening and trading documents, and live support, are often Japanese. Do not infer full English support from a few translated pages.\nThe limits of browser translation\nBrowser translation can make a Japanese broker usable day-to-day, but it has real limits. The documents that legally bind you — account agreements, risk disclosures, tax forms — remain Japanese, and a machine translation is not an official version you can rely on for a dispute. Live support during an urgent problem will also be in Japanese.\nSo browser translation is a convenience for a confident user, not a true English-support substitute. If genuine English support at every critical stage is essential, IBKR Japan is the verified option; if you can handle Japanese documents (with help where needed), the broader Japanese brokers open up with their lower-cost fund ecosystems.","url":"/en/investing/brokers-english-support","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-foreign-residents:en","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-foreign-residents","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best brokerages for foreign residents","plainText":"Foreign residents are best served by brokers that publish residence-card procedures — SBI, Monex, Rakuten, Matsui, and IBKR Japan — but acceptance depends on visa, tax residence, nationality, and product, and some require postal rather than online opening.\nResidence-card support, My Number, postal vs online opening, nationality restrictions, non-resident policies, and required documents.\nSBI, Monex, Rakuten, Matsui, and IBKR Japan publish foreign-resident procedures.\nAcceptance depends on visa, tax residence, nationality, and product.\nSome brokers require postal processing for foreign nationals rather than full online opening.\nUS persons face product restrictions at some brokers.\nPrepare a residence card, My Number, and a matching Japanese bank account.\nBrokers with published procedures\nEligibility is residence-based, not nationality-based, so a qualifying foreign resident can open an account and NISA. In practice, SBI, Monex, Rakuten, and Matsui publish procedures accepting residence-card documentation, and Interactive Brokers Japan onboards Japan residents with an English process. These are the natural shortlist for a foreign resident.\nBut broker policies can be stricter than the tax statute. Acceptance depends on your visa, tax residence, nationality, and the products you want, and these matrices are rarely published in full — so confirm your specific case before assuming.\nOnline vs postal and restrictions\nHow you open varies. Some brokers allow full online opening with a residence card; others require postal processing for foreign nationals, which is slower. If speed matters, check the exact path for your nationality. US citizens and green-card holders complete a FATCA declaration and can face product restrictions — some brokers prohibit US persons from foreign-stock trading.\nNationality restrictions, sanctioned-country connections, or politically exposed status can trigger enhanced review or rejection. None of this is unusual, but it means the \"best\" foreign-resident broker is the one that accepts your specific status and carries the products you want.\nA required-document checklist\nBefore applying, prepare: a residence card with reasonable remaining validity; My Number evidence; a Japanese bank account in your own name with a name that matches your application; and, if you are a US person, awareness that FATCA and product restrictions apply. Confirm English support at each stage you need it, and if you might leave Japan, ask about the non-resident continuation policy first.\nAligning your name across the residence card, bank account, and any card is the single most important preparation, because a mismatch is the most common cause of rejection or failed bank linkage.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokers-for-foreign-residents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:brokers-english-support","guide:brokerage-account-requirements"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Foreign residents are best served by brokers that publish residence-card procedures — SBI, Monex, Rakuten, Matsui, and IBKR Japan — but acceptance depends on visa, tax residence, nationality, and product, and some require postal rather than online opening.\nResidence-card support, My Number, postal vs online opening, nationality restrictions, non-resident policies, and required documents.\nSBI, Monex, Rakuten, Matsui, and IBKR Japan publish foreign-resident procedures.\nAcceptance depends on visa, tax residence, nationality, and product.\nSome brokers require postal processing for foreign nationals rather than full online opening.\nUS persons face product restrictions at some brokers.\nPrepare a residence card, My Number, and a matching Japanese bank account.\nBrokers with published procedures\nEligibility is residence-based, not nationality-based, so a qualifying foreign resident can open an account and NISA. In practice, SBI, Monex, Rakuten, and Matsui publish procedures accepting residence-card documentation, and Interactive Brokers Japan onboards Japan residents with an English process. These are the natural shortlist for a foreign resident.\nBut broker policies can be stricter than the tax statute. Acceptance depends on your visa, tax residence, nationality, and the products you want, and these matrices are rarely published in full — so confirm your specific case before assuming.\nOnline vs postal and restrictions\nHow you open varies. Some brokers allow full online opening with a residence card; others require postal processing for foreign nationals, which is slower. If speed matters, check the exact path for your nationality. US citizens and green-card holders complete a FATCA declaration and can face product restrictions — some brokers prohibit US persons from foreign-stock trading.\nNationality restrictions, sanctioned-country connections, or politically exposed status can trigger enhanced review or rejection. None of this is unusual, but it means the \"best\" foreign-resident broker is the one that accepts your specific status and carries the products you want.\nA required-document checklist\nBefore applying, prepare: a residence card with reasonable remaining validity; My Number evidence; a Japanese bank account in your own name with a name that matches your application; and, if you are a US person, awareness that FATCA and product restrictions apply. Confirm English support at each stage you need it, and if you might leave Japan, ask about the non-resident continuation policy first.\nAligning your name across the residence card, bank account, and any card is the single most important preparation, because a mismatch is the most common cause of rejection or failed bank linkage.","url":"/en/investing/brokers-for-foreign-residents","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:points-investing:en","entityId":"guide:points-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best brokerages for points investing","plainText":"Points investing lets you earn or spend loyalty points (Rakuten, V, d, Ponta, PayPay) through a broker in its ecosystem; it is a useful fee rebate, but ecosystem lock-in and changing terms mean product quality and total cost should decide the broker, not points.\nRakuten, V, d, Ponta, and PayPay points; earning vs spending points; ecosystem lock-in; and expiring/changing terms.\nMajor ecosystems: Rakuten Points, V Points (SBI), d Points (Monex), Ponta, PayPay Points.\nYou can earn points on investing and, at some brokers, invest points themselves.\nPoint programs create ecosystem lock-in — switching later can mean losing integration.\nReward rates and terms change and can be outweighed by card annual fees.\nLet product quality and total cost decide the broker; treat points as a bonus.\nThe major point ecosystems\nEach large broker sits inside a point ecosystem: Rakuten Securities with Rakuten Points, SBI with V Points, Monex with d Points, Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart with Ponta, and PayPay Securities with PayPay Points. Within its ecosystem, a broker lets you earn points on credit-card fund purchases and other activity, and some let you invest accumulated points directly into funds.\nThe appeal is a low psychological barrier and a small rebate on costs. If you already live in one of these ecosystems — you shop with Rakuten, or use an SMBC/Olive card — the integration can be genuinely convenient.\nEarning vs spending points\nTwo things get conflated. Earning points on investing (via credit-card tsumitate or activity) is a rebate on what you were doing anyway. Spending points to invest (converting loyalty points into fund purchases) is a way to put small, otherwise-idle points to work. Both are fine, but neither is a reason to invest more than your plan calls for, or to buy a worse fund.\nCalculate the real value. A 1% reward on ¥100,000 a month is ¥12,000 a year — meaningful, but easily erased by a card annual fee charged only to unlock the rate. Points are a secondary fee rebate, not an investment thesis.\nLock-in and changing terms\nThe real risk is lock-in. Choosing a broker mainly for its points ties you into one commercial ecosystem, and switching later can mean losing the integration and any accumulated benefit. Meanwhile, reward rates and program terms change frequently, and points can expire — the rate that attracted you may not last.\nSo let product quality, total cost, tax support, and service decide the broker, and treat points as a modest bonus when a broker you would choose anyway happens to offer a good program. Do not let a point rate steer you into an expensive card or a worse fund.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/points-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:credit-card-investing","guide:is-credit-card-investing-worth-it","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://go.sbisec.co.jp/lp/lp_pointservice.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/service/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex Securities","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/service/point/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Points investing lets you earn or spend loyalty points (Rakuten, V, d, Ponta, PayPay) through a broker in its ecosystem; it is a useful fee rebate, but ecosystem lock-in and changing terms mean product quality and total cost should decide the broker, not points.\nRakuten, V, d, Ponta, and PayPay points; earning vs spending points; ecosystem lock-in; and expiring/changing terms.\nMajor ecosystems: Rakuten Points, V Points (SBI), d Points (Monex), Ponta, PayPay Points.\nYou can earn points on investing and, at some brokers, invest points themselves.\nPoint programs create ecosystem lock-in — switching later can mean losing integration.\nReward rates and terms change and can be outweighed by card annual fees.\nLet product quality and total cost decide the broker; treat points as a bonus.\nThe major point ecosystems\nEach large broker sits inside a point ecosystem: Rakuten Securities with Rakuten Points, SBI with V Points, Monex with d Points, Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart with Ponta, and PayPay Securities with PayPay Points. Within its ecosystem, a broker lets you earn points on credit-card fund purchases and other activity, and some let you invest accumulated points directly into funds.\nThe appeal is a low psychological barrier and a small rebate on costs. If you already live in one of these ecosystems — you shop with Rakuten, or use an SMBC/Olive card — the integration can be genuinely convenient.\nEarning vs spending points\nTwo things get conflated. Earning points on investing (via credit-card tsumitate or activity) is a rebate on what you were doing anyway. Spending points to invest (converting loyalty points into fund purchases) is a way to put small, otherwise-idle points to work. Both are fine, but neither is a reason to invest more than your plan calls for, or to buy a worse fund.\nCalculate the real value. A 1% reward on ¥100,000 a month is ¥12,000 a year — meaningful, but easily erased by a card annual fee charged only to unlock the rate. Points are a secondary fee rebate, not an investment thesis.\nLock-in and changing terms\nThe real risk is lock-in. Choosing a broker mainly for its points ties you into one commercial ecosystem, and switching later can mean losing the integration and any accumulated benefit. Meanwhile, reward rates and program terms change frequently, and points can expire — the rate that attracted you may not last.\nSo let product quality, total cost, tax support, and service decide the broker, and treat points as a modest bonus when a broker you would choose anyway happens to offer a good program. Do not let a point rate steer you into an expensive card or a worse fund.","url":"/en/investing/points-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:is-credit-card-investing-worth-it:en","entityId":"guide:is-credit-card-investing-worth-it","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is credit-card investing worth it?","plainText":"Credit-card investing is worth it when the card is already economical for you and the fund is appropriate; a 1% reward on ¥100,000/month is ¥12,000/year, which a ¥33,000 card fee easily erases unless the card’s other benefits genuinely justify it.\nThe reward calculation, card annual fees, required spending, temporary promotions, and a worked ¥100,000/month example.\nCalculate reward minus annual card fee minus any spending you would not otherwise do.\nA 1% reward on ¥100,000/month is ¥12,000/year.\nA ¥33,000 card fee needs ¥21,000+ of other genuine value to be worth it for the reward alone.\nSeparate the ongoing rate from first-year or campaign bonuses.\nPoints should never push you into a worse fund or unnecessary spending.\nThe reward calculation\nCredit-card tsumitate earns points on your monthly fund purchases, typically up to ¥100,000 a month. To judge whether it is worth it, do one calculation: reward minus the card’s annual fee minus any incremental spending you would not otherwise make to qualify for the rate. Only the net figure is real value.\nThe gross reward is easy: a 1% rate on ¥100,000 a month is ¥12,000 a year; a 0.5% rate is ¥6,000. These are pleasant but modest sums, and they are the ceiling before any costs are subtracted.\nCard fees and required spending\nThe reward is only worthwhile if the card itself makes sense. Higher reward rates often come from premium cards with annual fees, or require a minimum of non-investment spending on the card. If you pay a ¥33,000 annual fee purely to obtain a ¥12,000 investing reward, you are ¥21,000 worse off unless the card’s other benefits (insurance, lounge access, other points) provide at least that much value you would actually use.\nAlso beware required spending: a rate that depends on spending, say, ¥1 million a year on the card is not free if it pushes you to spend more than you otherwise would. Count only the benefits you would genuinely use anyway.\nA worked example\nTake ¥100,000 a month funded by a card. At a standard 0.5% rate on a low- or no-fee card, you earn ¥6,000 a year for essentially no cost — a clear, if small, win. At an advertised 1% on a card with a ¥33,000 annual fee, the ¥12,000 reward is more than wiped out by the fee unless you separately value the card’s perks by ¥21,000+. And a headline \"3%\" first-year rate is usually a promotion, not the ongoing rate — separate temporary bonuses from what you will earn every year.\nThe rule: when the card is already economical for you and the fund is one you would buy anyway, credit-card investing is a nice bonus. When you are choosing the card, the fund, or the spending mainly to chase the reward, it is usually not worth it. Points are a fee rebate, not the reason to invest.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/is-credit-card-investing-worth-it","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:credit-card-investing","guide:points-investing","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://go.sbisec.co.jp/prd/fund/creditcard/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/fund/saving/card.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Credit-card investing is worth it when the card is already economical for you and the fund is appropriate; a 1% reward on ¥100,000/month is ¥12,000/year, which a ¥33,000 card fee easily erases unless the card’s other benefits genuinely justify it.\nThe reward calculation, card annual fees, required spending, temporary promotions, and a worked ¥100,000/month example.\nCalculate reward minus annual card fee minus any spending you would not otherwise do.\nA 1% reward on ¥100,000/month is ¥12,000/year.\nA ¥33,000 card fee needs ¥21,000+ of other genuine value to be worth it for the reward alone.\nSeparate the ongoing rate from first-year or campaign bonuses.\nPoints should never push you into a worse fund or unnecessary spending.\nThe reward calculation\nCredit-card tsumitate earns points on your monthly fund purchases, typically up to ¥100,000 a month. To judge whether it is worth it, do one calculation: reward minus the card’s annual fee minus any incremental spending you would not otherwise make to qualify for the rate. Only the net figure is real value.\nThe gross reward is easy: a 1% rate on ¥100,000 a month is ¥12,000 a year; a 0.5% rate is ¥6,000. These are pleasant but modest sums, and they are the ceiling before any costs are subtracted.\nCard fees and required spending\nThe reward is only worthwhile if the card itself makes sense. Higher reward rates often come from premium cards with annual fees, or require a minimum of non-investment spending on the card. If you pay a ¥33,000 annual fee purely to obtain a ¥12,000 investing reward, you are ¥21,000 worse off unless the card’s other benefits (insurance, lounge access, other points) provide at least that much value you would actually use.\nAlso beware required spending: a rate that depends on spending, say, ¥1 million a year on the card is not free if it pushes you to spend more than you otherwise would. Count only the benefits you would genuinely use anyway.\nA worked example\nTake ¥100,000 a month funded by a card. At a standard 0.5% rate on a low- or no-fee card, you earn ¥6,000 a year for essentially no cost — a clear, if small, win. At an advertised 1% on a card with a ¥33,000 annual fee, the ¥12,000 reward is more than wiped out by the fee unless you separately value the card’s perks by ¥21,000+. And a headline \"3%\" first-year rate is usually a promotion, not the ongoing rate — separate temporary bonuses from what you will earn every year.\nThe rule: when the card is already economical for you and the fund is one you would buy anyway, credit-card investing is a nice bonus. When you are choosing the card, the fund, or the spending mainly to chase the reward, it is usually not worth it. Points are a fee rebate, not the reason to invest.","url":"/en/investing/is-credit-card-investing-worth-it","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-nisa:en","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-nisa","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best brokerages for NISA","plainText":"For NISA, SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart lead on broad eligibility, low NISA transaction charges, and recurring services; the best fit depends on which funds you want, your ecosystem, and whether you need foreign-stock support.\nNISA product range, mutual funds, Japanese and US stocks, fees and FX, recurring purchases, card/point integration, and foreign-resident support.\nSBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and MUFG eSmart lead for NISA overall.\nCompare the eligible fund lineup, recurring-purchase controls, and NISA transaction charges.\nForeign-stock support in NISA is broker-specific — confirm the exact products.\nCard and point integration differ by ecosystem and change frequently.\nOne broker receives your NISA purchases per year; existing holdings stay if you switch.\nProduct range and recurring purchases\nFor NISA, the first thing to compare is the eligible product range and how easily you can automate it. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart all offer broad NISA fund menus, ¥100 minimums, and recurring purchases, and generally advertise ¥0 commissions on NISA-covered domestic shares and funds. Check that your intended fund is on the FSA list and offered by the broker in the allowance you want.\nRecurring-purchase controls matter for the tsumitate allowance: monthly dates, bonus-month settings, and how easily you can adjust amounts. These small differences affect how smoothly you can run a long-term plan.\nForeign stocks and ecosystems\nIf you want US or other foreign stocks inside NISA, support is broker-specific. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui offer NISA US-stock trading (often ¥0 on covered products), while foreign-market breadth and FX terms differ. IBKR Japan supports eligible domestic and foreign products in NISA with global reach. Confirm the exact securities and the FX cost, since foreign withholding remains even in NISA.\nEcosystem integration can decide a close call: Rakuten Card/Points with Rakuten, SMBC/Olive and V Points with SBI, d Card/Points with Monex, MUFG/au/Ponta with eSmart. These are conveniences, not reasons to accept a worse fund menu.\nOne institution per year\nRemember the structural NISA rule: only one institution can receive your new NISA purchases in a given year, though you can generally change institutions by year. If you switch, your existing NISA holdings normally stay at the old broker in that NISA relationship — they do not transfer into the new broker’s NISA — so choose carefully to avoid fragmenting your NISA across firms.\nBecause switching is possible but not seamless, weigh the fund menu, costs, and ecosystem for the long term. The best NISA broker is the one you will happily keep, that carries your funds, and that fits your status.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokers-for-nisa","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokers-for-mutual-funds","guide:nisa-choose-broker"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/nisa","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/nisa/","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex Securities","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/nisa/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"For NISA, SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart lead on broad eligibility, low NISA transaction charges, and recurring services; the best fit depends on which funds you want, your ecosystem, and whether you need foreign-stock support.\nNISA product range, mutual funds, Japanese and US stocks, fees and FX, recurring purchases, card/point integration, and foreign-resident support.\nSBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and MUFG eSmart lead for NISA overall.\nCompare the eligible fund lineup, recurring-purchase controls, and NISA transaction charges.\nForeign-stock support in NISA is broker-specific — confirm the exact products.\nCard and point integration differ by ecosystem and change frequently.\nOne broker receives your NISA purchases per year; existing holdings stay if you switch.\nProduct range and recurring purchases\nFor NISA, the first thing to compare is the eligible product range and how easily you can automate it. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart all offer broad NISA fund menus, ¥100 minimums, and recurring purchases, and generally advertise ¥0 commissions on NISA-covered domestic shares and funds. Check that your intended fund is on the FSA list and offered by the broker in the allowance you want.\nRecurring-purchase controls matter for the tsumitate allowance: monthly dates, bonus-month settings, and how easily you can adjust amounts. These small differences affect how smoothly you can run a long-term plan.\nForeign stocks and ecosystems\nIf you want US or other foreign stocks inside NISA, support is broker-specific. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui offer NISA US-stock trading (often ¥0 on covered products), while foreign-market breadth and FX terms differ. IBKR Japan supports eligible domestic and foreign products in NISA with global reach. Confirm the exact securities and the FX cost, since foreign withholding remains even in NISA.\nEcosystem integration can decide a close call: Rakuten Card/Points with Rakuten, SMBC/Olive and V Points with SBI, d Card/Points with Monex, MUFG/au/Ponta with eSmart. These are conveniences, not reasons to accept a worse fund menu.\nOne institution per year\nRemember the structural NISA rule: only one institution can receive your new NISA purchases in a given year, though you can generally change institutions by year. If you switch, your existing NISA holdings normally stay at the old broker in that NISA relationship — they do not transfer into the new broker’s NISA — so choose carefully to avoid fragmenting your NISA across firms.\nBecause switching is possible but not seamless, weigh the fund menu, costs, and ecosystem for the long term. The best NISA broker is the one you will happily keep, that carries your funds, and that fits your status.","url":"/en/investing/brokers-for-nisa","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-mutual-funds:en","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-mutual-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best brokerages for mutual funds","plainText":"For mutual funds, SBI, Rakuten, and Monex lead on very broad lineups, ¥100 minimums, recurring and card-based investing, and point programs — but a huge lineup can encourage needless fund proliferation, so a broad low-cost core still matters most.\nFund lineup, minimum investment, automatic investing, NISA eligibility, point programs, credit-card investing, and screening tools.\nSBI, Rakuten, and Monex offer very broad fund lineups with low minimums (from ¥100).\nAutomatic recurring and credit-card investing make monthly accumulation easy.\nConfirm NISA eligibility and point/card integration for your specific funds.\nScreening and comparison tools help, but recent performance is not a selection basis.\nA large lineup can tempt you into owning too many overlapping funds.\nLineup, minimums, and automation\nFor fund investors, SBI, Rakuten, and Monex stand out with very broad lineups, ¥100 minimums, and easy automation. You can set a monthly recurring purchase, and at supporting brokers fund it with a partner credit card to earn points. This combination makes steady, low-cost accumulation straightforward — the core of most beginners’ plans.\nCheck that your intended fund is available, NISA-eligible where you want it, and supported for recurring purchases. The big three cover the popular low-cost index funds, but exact availability and card integration differ.\nScreening and comparison tools\nA good broker provides screening and comparison tools — filtering by asset class, benchmark, cost, and NISA eligibility, and comparing funds side by side. These help you evaluate a fund on benchmark, expense ratio, tracking difference, and size. Use them to check that a fund is tracking its index sensibly and is cheap, not to rank funds by recent return.\nThe classic trap is selecting \"last year’s best fund.\" Recent performance is an unreliable guide to future relative results; a top-ranked fund can lag next year. Let the tools inform a cost- and benchmark-based decision, not a performance chase.\nAvoiding fund proliferation\nA very large lineup has a downside: it tempts you to collect many overlapping thematic and regional funds, adding complexity and cost without real diversification. Owning ten funds that all hold the same US large caps is not more diversified than owning one broad global fund — it is just harder to manage.\nKeep it simple. Decide your allocation, pick one broad low-cost fund as the core, and add anything else only as a deliberate, limited satellite. The best fund broker is the one that carries your chosen low-cost funds and automates them — the size of the total lineup is largely irrelevant to that goal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokers-for-mutual-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:brokers-for-nisa","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:credit-card-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://go.sbisec.co.jp/prd/fund/creditcard/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/fund/saving/","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex Securities","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/fund/tsumitate/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"For mutual funds, SBI, Rakuten, and Monex lead on very broad lineups, ¥100 minimums, recurring and card-based investing, and point programs — but a huge lineup can encourage needless fund proliferation, so a broad low-cost core still matters most.\nFund lineup, minimum investment, automatic investing, NISA eligibility, point programs, credit-card investing, and screening tools.\nSBI, Rakuten, and Monex offer very broad fund lineups with low minimums (from ¥100).\nAutomatic recurring and credit-card investing make monthly accumulation easy.\nConfirm NISA eligibility and point/card integration for your specific funds.\nScreening and comparison tools help, but recent performance is not a selection basis.\nA large lineup can tempt you into owning too many overlapping funds.\nLineup, minimums, and automation\nFor fund investors, SBI, Rakuten, and Monex stand out with very broad lineups, ¥100 minimums, and easy automation. You can set a monthly recurring purchase, and at supporting brokers fund it with a partner credit card to earn points. This combination makes steady, low-cost accumulation straightforward — the core of most beginners’ plans.\nCheck that your intended fund is available, NISA-eligible where you want it, and supported for recurring purchases. The big three cover the popular low-cost index funds, but exact availability and card integration differ.\nScreening and comparison tools\nA good broker provides screening and comparison tools — filtering by asset class, benchmark, cost, and NISA eligibility, and comparing funds side by side. These help you evaluate a fund on benchmark, expense ratio, tracking difference, and size. Use them to check that a fund is tracking its index sensibly and is cheap, not to rank funds by recent return.\nThe classic trap is selecting \"last year’s best fund.\" Recent performance is an unreliable guide to future relative results; a top-ranked fund can lag next year. Let the tools inform a cost- and benchmark-based decision, not a performance chase.\nAvoiding fund proliferation\nA very large lineup has a downside: it tempts you to collect many overlapping thematic and regional funds, adding complexity and cost without real diversification. Owning ten funds that all hold the same US large caps is not more diversified than owning one broad global fund — it is just harder to manage.\nKeep it simple. Decide your allocation, pick one broad low-cost fund as the core, and add anything else only as a deliberate, limited satellite. The best fund broker is the one that carries your chosen low-cost funds and automates them — the size of the total lineup is largely irrelevant to that goal.","url":"/en/investing/brokers-for-mutual-funds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-us-stocks:en","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-us-stocks","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best brokerages for US stocks","plainText":"For US stocks, SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and IBKR Japan lead on NISA support and competitive trading/FX; compare the 0.495%/US$22 commission model and FX spreads, note that US dividends carry US withholding even in NISA, and check US-person restrictions.\nTrading commissions, FX spreads, NISA support, available securities, extended hours, research, US-taxpayer restrictions, and withholding.\nSBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and IBKR Japan support US stocks with competitive terms.\nTaxable US commission is commonly 0.495% capped at US$22; NISA-covered products can be ¥0.\nFX spreads matter as much as commission — some advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread.\nUS dividends carry US source-country withholding even inside NISA.\nSome brokers restrict US persons from foreign-stock trading; check before applying.\nCommissions, FX, and NISA\nFor US stocks, several large brokers share a similar model: about 0.495% commission on taxable trades, capped at roughly US$22, and ¥0 on NISA-covered US shares and ETFs. So on cost, SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui are broadly comparable, and the FX spread often matters more than the commission — some advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread, others a per-dollar spread. Verify current conversion terms.\nIBKR Japan uses a different, professional pricing model with interbank-style currency execution plus commission, and supports eligible US products in NISA. It suits investors comfortable with a professional platform and broad global access.\nSecurities, hours, and research\nBeyond cost, compare the available securities (the exact tickers and ETFs), extended-hours trading, and research tools. Monex is noted for strong US-stock research, screening, and analytical tools; moomoo and Webull offer data-heavy, active-trading-oriented platforms; IBKR offers the widest global reach. If you trade specific US names or want after-hours access, check each broker’s exact support.\nFor a passive investor buying a US index fund monthly, most of this is secondary — a low-cost fund at a mainstream broker does the job. The advanced US-stock features matter mainly to more active or research-driven investors.\nWithholding and US-person restrictions\nTwo cross-border points are essential. First, US dividends carry US source-country withholding even inside NISA — NISA removes only Japanese tax — so model the after-withholding yield. Second, US persons face restrictions: Rakuten, for example, states US persons may not trade its foreign-stock products, and other brokers impose different rules. If you are a US taxpayer, confirm the broker accepts you and get cross-border advice before buying.\nFor non-US persons, the main choice is cost, FX, and platform; for US persons, broker acceptance and US tax treatment come first, and US-domiciled ETFs bought at a permitting broker may be simpler than Japanese funds.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokers-for-us-stocks","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:brokerage-fees-compared","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:global-investors-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/commission/","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex Securities","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/service/fee/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"For US stocks, SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and IBKR Japan lead on NISA support and competitive trading/FX; compare the 0.495%/US$22 commission model and FX spreads, note that US dividends carry US withholding even in NISA, and check US-person restrictions.\nTrading commissions, FX spreads, NISA support, available securities, extended hours, research, US-taxpayer restrictions, and withholding.\nSBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui, and IBKR Japan support US stocks with competitive terms.\nTaxable US commission is commonly 0.495% capped at US$22; NISA-covered products can be ¥0.\nFX spreads matter as much as commission — some advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread.\nUS dividends carry US source-country withholding even inside NISA.\nSome brokers restrict US persons from foreign-stock trading; check before applying.\nCommissions, FX, and NISA\nFor US stocks, several large brokers share a similar model: about 0.495% commission on taxable trades, capped at roughly US$22, and ¥0 on NISA-covered US shares and ETFs. So on cost, SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui are broadly comparable, and the FX spread often matters more than the commission — some advertise a zero real-time USD/JPY spread, others a per-dollar spread. Verify current conversion terms.\nIBKR Japan uses a different, professional pricing model with interbank-style currency execution plus commission, and supports eligible US products in NISA. It suits investors comfortable with a professional platform and broad global access.\nSecurities, hours, and research\nBeyond cost, compare the available securities (the exact tickers and ETFs), extended-hours trading, and research tools. Monex is noted for strong US-stock research, screening, and analytical tools; moomoo and Webull offer data-heavy, active-trading-oriented platforms; IBKR offers the widest global reach. If you trade specific US names or want after-hours access, check each broker’s exact support.\nFor a passive investor buying a US index fund monthly, most of this is secondary — a low-cost fund at a mainstream broker does the job. The advanced US-stock features matter mainly to more active or research-driven investors.\nWithholding and US-person restrictions\nTwo cross-border points are essential. First, US dividends carry US source-country withholding even inside NISA — NISA removes only Japanese tax — so model the after-withholding yield. Second, US persons face restrictions: Rakuten, for example, states US persons may not trade its foreign-stock products, and other brokers impose different rules. If you are a US taxpayer, confirm the broker accepts you and get cross-border advice before buying.\nFor non-US persons, the main choice is cost, FX, and platform; for US persons, broker acceptance and US tax treatment come first, and US-domiciled ETFs bought at a permitting broker may be simpler than Japanese funds.","url":"/en/investing/brokers-for-us-stocks","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-japanese-stocks:en","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-japanese-stocks","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best brokerages for Japanese stocks","plainText":"For Japanese stocks, SBI, Rakuten, Matsui, Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart, and moomoo lead on low online commissions, odd-lot or fractional shares, and strong apps; Matsui is notable for small-value domestic pricing, and zero-commission offers may carry routing or e-delivery conditions.\nDomestic commissions, odd-lot/fractional shares, research and screening, IPO access, mobile apps, and NISA availability.\nSBI, Rakuten, Matsui, MUFG eSmart, and moomoo lead for domestic shares.\nZero-commission domestic trades can carry routing or electronic-delivery conditions.\nOdd-lot/fractional shares (単元未満株) let you buy below the 100-share unit.\nMatsui offers useful low-value domestic pricing; moomoo brings data and one-share buys.\nConfirm IPO access, research/screening, and NISA availability for your needs.\nCommissions and odd lots\nFor domestic shares, SBI, Rakuten, Matsui, and Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart offer very low or ¥0 online commissions, though zero-commission programs can require accepting electronic delivery and any smart-order-routing condition. Matsui is particularly attractive for small domestic-stock transactions with free cash trading within a published daily threshold. Read the conditions so \"zero\" is actually zero for your trades.\nOdd-lot or fractional-share services (単元未満株) let you buy fewer than one 100-share unit, useful for higher-priced shares or small budgets. moomoo supports one-share Japanese purchases and brings powerful data and charting.\nResearch, screening, and IPOs\nIf you analyse individual Japanese companies, compare research and screening tools and IPO access. Brokers differ in fundamental data, screeners, and how they allocate IPOs (allocation methods and historical rates vary and are not always disclosed). moomoo is strong on data and community; the large brokers offer solid screening; full-service firms have deeper IPO and research resources at higher cost.\nFor a passive investor using a broad TOPIX or Nikkei index fund, most of this is unnecessary — a low-cost Japan index fund at a mainstream broker suffices. The advanced tools matter for stock pickers, not index buyers.\nActive vs long-term users\nMatch the broker to how you invest. Active domestic traders value low per-trade costs, fast apps, charting, and screening — SBI, Rakuten, Matsui, and moomoo all fit, with MUFG eSmart strong for ecosystem users. Long-term investors mostly need a cheap, reliable way to buy a broad Japan index fund monthly in NISA, which any mainstream broker handles.\nSo the \"best\" Japanese-stock broker depends on whether you are trading names or accumulating an index. Decide that first, then compare the features that actually apply to your style.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokers-for-japanese-stocks","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks","guide:japan-equity-funds","guide:brokerage-fees-compared","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true},{"publisher":"Matsui Securities","url":"https://www.matsui.co.jp/service/commission/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"For Japanese stocks, SBI, Rakuten, Matsui, Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart, and moomoo lead on low online commissions, odd-lot or fractional shares, and strong apps; Matsui is notable for small-value domestic pricing, and zero-commission offers may carry routing or e-delivery conditions.\nDomestic commissions, odd-lot/fractional shares, research and screening, IPO access, mobile apps, and NISA availability.\nSBI, Rakuten, Matsui, MUFG eSmart, and moomoo lead for domestic shares.\nZero-commission domestic trades can carry routing or electronic-delivery conditions.\nOdd-lot/fractional shares (単元未満株) let you buy below the 100-share unit.\nMatsui offers useful low-value domestic pricing; moomoo brings data and one-share buys.\nConfirm IPO access, research/screening, and NISA availability for your needs.\nCommissions and odd lots\nFor domestic shares, SBI, Rakuten, Matsui, and Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart offer very low or ¥0 online commissions, though zero-commission programs can require accepting electronic delivery and any smart-order-routing condition. Matsui is particularly attractive for small domestic-stock transactions with free cash trading within a published daily threshold. Read the conditions so \"zero\" is actually zero for your trades.\nOdd-lot or fractional-share services (単元未満株) let you buy fewer than one 100-share unit, useful for higher-priced shares or small budgets. moomoo supports one-share Japanese purchases and brings powerful data and charting.\nResearch, screening, and IPOs\nIf you analyse individual Japanese companies, compare research and screening tools and IPO access. Brokers differ in fundamental data, screeners, and how they allocate IPOs (allocation methods and historical rates vary and are not always disclosed). moomoo is strong on data and community; the large brokers offer solid screening; full-service firms have deeper IPO and research resources at higher cost.\nFor a passive investor using a broad TOPIX or Nikkei index fund, most of this is unnecessary — a low-cost Japan index fund at a mainstream broker suffices. The advanced tools matter for stock pickers, not index buyers.\nActive vs long-term users\nMatch the broker to how you invest. Active domestic traders value low per-trade costs, fast apps, charting, and screening — SBI, Rakuten, Matsui, and moomoo all fit, with MUFG eSmart strong for ecosystem users. Long-term investors mostly need a cheap, reliable way to buy a broad Japan index fund monthly in NISA, which any mainstream broker handles.\nSo the \"best\" Japanese-stock broker depends on whether you are trading names or accumulating an index. Decide that first, then compare the features that actually apply to your style.","url":"/en/investing/brokers-for-japanese-stocks","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-small-investments:en","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-small-investments","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best brokerages for small monthly investments","plainText":"For ¥100–¥30,000 monthly, PayPay, Rakuten, SBI, Monex, and Matsui suit small, app-based investing with low minimums, fractional shares, and recurring mutual funds — but convenience should not override product quality or lead to overtrading tiny positions.\nMinimum purchases, fractional shares, recurring mutual funds, points, and avoiding unnecessary trading for ¥100–¥30,000 investors.\nPayPay, Rakuten, SBI, Monex, and Matsui suit small, app-based monthly investing.\nFund minimums from ¥100 and fractional shares let you start very small.\nRecurring mutual funds automate accumulation; points add a small rebate.\nPayPay is strong for very small, app-first purchases (from ~¥100).\nDo not overtrade tiny positions — fixed costs and spreads eat small amounts.\nLow minimums and fractional shares\nA small monthly budget is well served by brokers built for it. PayPay Securities allows purchases from around ¥100 in a mobile-first experience; Rakuten, SBI, Monex, and Matsui offer ¥100 fund minimums and recurring purchases. Fractional or odd-lot shares let you buy stocks below a full 100-share unit, so even a modest amount can be invested each month without waiting to accumulate a lump sum.\nThe point is that ¥5,000–¥30,000 a month is entirely workable everywhere in this shortlist. The differences are in the app experience, the ecosystem, and small details, not in whether small investing is possible.\nAutomation and points\nFor small monthly investing, automation is everything: set a recurring mutual-fund purchase and let it run, so investing needs no monthly decision. At supporting brokers you can fund it with a partner credit card to earn points — a small rebate that is nice when the card already suits you. Put the purchases in NISA so even modest gains stay tax-free.\nChoose one diversified low-cost fund as the core rather than spreading tiny amounts across many products. The habit of investing consistently, even ¥5,000, matters far more than the exact broker or a fraction of a percent in points.\nAvoiding unnecessary trading\nThe main risk for small investors is not the broker — it is behaviour. Overtrading tiny positions, or chasing small thematic bets, lets fixed costs and spreads eat into modest sums, and frequent buying and selling undermines the compounding that makes small, consistent investing powerful. Set the plan and leave it alone.\nAlso resist letting convenience or points steer you into a worse or costlier fund. The best small-investment broker is simply one with low minimums, easy automation, and your chosen low-cost fund. Once that is set up, the most valuable thing you can do is nothing — keep contributing and let time work.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokers-for-small-investments","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:small-monthly-budget-investing","guide:brokers-for-beginners","guide:credit-card-investing","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"For ¥100–¥30,000 monthly, PayPay, Rakuten, SBI, Monex, and Matsui suit small, app-based investing with low minimums, fractional shares, and recurring mutual funds — but convenience should not override product quality or lead to overtrading tiny positions.\nMinimum purchases, fractional shares, recurring mutual funds, points, and avoiding unnecessary trading for ¥100–¥30,000 investors.\nPayPay, Rakuten, SBI, Monex, and Matsui suit small, app-based monthly investing.\nFund minimums from ¥100 and fractional shares let you start very small.\nRecurring mutual funds automate accumulation; points add a small rebate.\nPayPay is strong for very small, app-first purchases (from ~¥100).\nDo not overtrade tiny positions — fixed costs and spreads eat small amounts.\nLow minimums and fractional shares\nA small monthly budget is well served by brokers built for it. PayPay Securities allows purchases from around ¥100 in a mobile-first experience; Rakuten, SBI, Monex, and Matsui offer ¥100 fund minimums and recurring purchases. Fractional or odd-lot shares let you buy stocks below a full 100-share unit, so even a modest amount can be invested each month without waiting to accumulate a lump sum.\nThe point is that ¥5,000–¥30,000 a month is entirely workable everywhere in this shortlist. The differences are in the app experience, the ecosystem, and small details, not in whether small investing is possible.\nAutomation and points\nFor small monthly investing, automation is everything: set a recurring mutual-fund purchase and let it run, so investing needs no monthly decision. At supporting brokers you can fund it with a partner credit card to earn points — a small rebate that is nice when the card already suits you. Put the purchases in NISA so even modest gains stay tax-free.\nChoose one diversified low-cost fund as the core rather than spreading tiny amounts across many products. The habit of investing consistently, even ¥5,000, matters far more than the exact broker or a fraction of a percent in points.\nAvoiding unnecessary trading\nThe main risk for small investors is not the broker — it is behaviour. Overtrading tiny positions, or chasing small thematic bets, lets fixed costs and spreads eat into modest sums, and frequent buying and selling undermines the compounding that makes small, consistent investing powerful. Set the plan and leave it alone.\nAlso resist letting convenience or points steer you into a worse or costlier fund. The best small-investment broker is simply one with low minimums, easy automation, and your chosen low-cost fund. Once that is set up, the most valuable thing you can do is nothing — keep contributing and let time work.","url":"/en/investing/brokers-for-small-investments","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-active-traders:en","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-active-traders","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best brokerages for active traders","plainText":"Active traders are best served by IBKR Japan, moomoo, Webull, GMO Click, and SBI for advanced orders, data, margin, and derivatives — but leverage, extended hours, and frequent trading carry higher behavioural, leverage, and tax risks.\nOrders and charting, screening, margin and derivatives, extended hours, data, trading costs, and the risks of leverage and overtrading.\nIBKR Japan, moomoo, Webull, GMO Click, and SBI suit active trading.\nCompare order types, charting, screening, data, extended hours, and margin/derivatives.\nTrading costs and spreads matter more when you trade frequently.\nLeverage and daily-reset leveraged products carry path-dependency risk.\nOvertrading and frequent taxable events can quietly erode returns.\nTools that matter for active trading\nActive traders need capabilities passive investors do not: advanced order types, fast and detailed charting, powerful screening, real-time data, extended-hours trading, and access to margin, futures, or derivatives. Interactive Brokers Japan offers the broadest professional toolset and global markets; moomoo and Webull provide data-heavy, community-oriented platforms; GMO Click is strong for active domestic and derivatives trading; SBI covers a wide range including margin.\nMatch the platform to your instruments and style — the \"best\" depends on whether you trade Japanese equities, US names, derivatives, or FX, and how much data and order sophistication you need.\nCosts when trading often\nWhen you trade frequently, costs compound quickly. Per-trade commissions, FX spreads on foreign trades, bid-ask spreads, and market/regulatory fees all recur with every transaction, so a platform that looks cheap for one trade can be expensive for hundreds. Compare the all-in cost at your expected trade frequency, not just the headline rate.\nFrequent trading outside NISA also generates frequent taxable events, complicating records and potentially increasing tax drag. Even inside NISA, active trading uses annual allowance on each repurchase. Cost and tax efficiency deserve as much attention as tools.\nThe risks of leverage and overtrading\nActive trading amplifies risk. Margin and leveraged products magnify both gains and losses, and daily-reset leveraged ETFs carry path dependency that can produce surprising results over time — they are generally unsuitable as long-term core holdings. Extended hours and derivatives add complexity that can outrun a trader’s risk controls.\nBeyond the products, the behavioural risk is real: frequent trading tends to underperform patient investing for most people, and the excitement of activity can mask poor after-cost, after-tax results. If you trade actively, size positions so that a bad run cannot wreck your plan, and keep a diversified long-term core separate from any trading sleeve.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/brokers-for-active-traders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:investment-risk-explained","guide:brokerage-fees-compared"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Active traders are best served by IBKR Japan, moomoo, Webull, GMO Click, and SBI for advanced orders, data, margin, and derivatives — but leverage, extended hours, and frequent trading carry higher behavioural, leverage, and tax risks.\nOrders and charting, screening, margin and derivatives, extended hours, data, trading costs, and the risks of leverage and overtrading.\nIBKR Japan, moomoo, Webull, GMO Click, and SBI suit active trading.\nCompare order types, charting, screening, data, extended hours, and margin/derivatives.\nTrading costs and spreads matter more when you trade frequently.\nLeverage and daily-reset leveraged products carry path-dependency risk.\nOvertrading and frequent taxable events can quietly erode returns.\nTools that matter for active trading\nActive traders need capabilities passive investors do not: advanced order types, fast and detailed charting, powerful screening, real-time data, extended-hours trading, and access to margin, futures, or derivatives. Interactive Brokers Japan offers the broadest professional toolset and global markets; moomoo and Webull provide data-heavy, community-oriented platforms; GMO Click is strong for active domestic and derivatives trading; SBI covers a wide range including margin.\nMatch the platform to your instruments and style — the \"best\" depends on whether you trade Japanese equities, US names, derivatives, or FX, and how much data and order sophistication you need.\nCosts when trading often\nWhen you trade frequently, costs compound quickly. Per-trade commissions, FX spreads on foreign trades, bid-ask spreads, and market/regulatory fees all recur with every transaction, so a platform that looks cheap for one trade can be expensive for hundreds. Compare the all-in cost at your expected trade frequency, not just the headline rate.\nFrequent trading outside NISA also generates frequent taxable events, complicating records and potentially increasing tax drag. Even inside NISA, active trading uses annual allowance on each repurchase. Cost and tax efficiency deserve as much attention as tools.\nThe risks of leverage and overtrading\nActive trading amplifies risk. Margin and leveraged products magnify both gains and losses, and daily-reset leveraged ETFs carry path dependency that can produce surprising results over time — they are generally unsuitable as long-term core holdings. Extended hours and derivatives add complexity that can outrun a trader’s risk controls.\nBeyond the products, the behavioural risk is real: frequent trading tends to underperform patient investing for most people, and the excitement of activity can mask poor after-cost, after-tax results. If you trade actively, size positions so that a bad run cannot wreck your plan, and keep a diversified long-term core separate from any trading sleeve.","url":"/en/investing/brokers-for-active-traders","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sbi-vs-rakuten:en","entityId":"guide:sbi-vs-rakuten","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SBI Securities vs Rakuten Securities","plainText":"SBI and Rakuten are the two dominant low-cost brokers with very similar core offerings — broad NISA menus, ¥0 covered NISA trades, 0.495%/US$22 taxable US commission, and recurring/card investing; the decision usually comes down to which ecosystem (SMBC/V Points vs Rakuten) you already use.\nThe two dominant low-cost brokers compared on products, fees and FX, recurring/card investing, points, and ecosystem fit.\nBoth offer broad NISA menus, ¥100 minimums, ¥0 covered NISA trades, and recurring/card investing.\nTaxable US commission is comparable (about 0.495%, max US$22) with advertised zero USD/JPY spreads.\nSBI’s ecosystem centres on SMBC/Olive and V Points; Rakuten’s on Rakuten Card, Bank, and Points.\nSBI has very broad markets and products; Rakuten is prized for app usability and integration.\nThe tie-breaker is usually which ecosystem you already live in.\nHow similar they are\nSBI and Rakuten are the two default low-cost brokers for self-directed Japanese investors, and their core offerings are strikingly similar. Both provide broad NISA fund menus with ¥100 minimums, ¥0 commissions on NISA-covered domestic and US shares and funds, recurring purchases, credit-card investing, and comparable taxable US-stock pricing (about 0.495%, capped at US$22) with advertised zero real-time USD/JPY spreads.\nFor a beginner buying a low-cost index fund monthly in NISA, either is an excellent choice, and the practical experience is very close. The differences are at the margins — ecosystem, app feel, and specific product breadth.\nWhere they differ\nThe main differentiator is ecosystem. SBI integrates with SMBC/Olive and V Points and card investing through SMBC cards; Rakuten integrates with Rakuten Card, Rakuten Bank, Rakuten Cash, and Rakuten Points. If you already shop, bank, or spend heavily in one of these worlds, that broker’s integration is more convenient and its points more useful to you.\nOn breadth, SBI is often cited for the widest one-stop product range (many foreign markets, bonds, IPO access), while Rakuten is prized for a polished app and smooth fund accumulation. Both change reward rates and conditions frequently, so treat point rates as a secondary factor.\nHow to choose\nBecause the core is so close, choose on ecosystem fit and app preference, not on a small point-rate difference that may change next quarter. If you use SMBC/Olive or want the broadest product range, SBI leans ahead; if you live in the Rakuten ecosystem or prefer its app, Rakuten does. Many investors could use either and be well served.\nRemember you can only make new NISA purchases at one institution per year, and existing holdings stay if you switch — so pick the one you will happily keep for the long term rather than chasing a temporary promotion.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/sbi-vs-rakuten","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:sbi-vs-monex","guide:rakuten-vs-monex","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokers-for-nisa"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/commission/","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/nisa","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"SBI and Rakuten are the two dominant low-cost brokers with very similar core offerings — broad NISA menus, ¥0 covered NISA trades, 0.495%/US$22 taxable US commission, and recurring/card investing; the decision usually comes down to which ecosystem (SMBC/V Points vs Rakuten) you already use.\nThe two dominant low-cost brokers compared on products, fees and FX, recurring/card investing, points, and ecosystem fit.\nBoth offer broad NISA menus, ¥100 minimums, ¥0 covered NISA trades, and recurring/card investing.\nTaxable US commission is comparable (about 0.495%, max US$22) with advertised zero USD/JPY spreads.\nSBI’s ecosystem centres on SMBC/Olive and V Points; Rakuten’s on Rakuten Card, Bank, and Points.\nSBI has very broad markets and products; Rakuten is prized for app usability and integration.\nThe tie-breaker is usually which ecosystem you already live in.\nHow similar they are\nSBI and Rakuten are the two default low-cost brokers for self-directed Japanese investors, and their core offerings are strikingly similar. Both provide broad NISA fund menus with ¥100 minimums, ¥0 commissions on NISA-covered domestic and US shares and funds, recurring purchases, credit-card investing, and comparable taxable US-stock pricing (about 0.495%, capped at US$22) with advertised zero real-time USD/JPY spreads.\nFor a beginner buying a low-cost index fund monthly in NISA, either is an excellent choice, and the practical experience is very close. The differences are at the margins — ecosystem, app feel, and specific product breadth.\nWhere they differ\nThe main differentiator is ecosystem. SBI integrates with SMBC/Olive and V Points and card investing through SMBC cards; Rakuten integrates with Rakuten Card, Rakuten Bank, Rakuten Cash, and Rakuten Points. If you already shop, bank, or spend heavily in one of these worlds, that broker’s integration is more convenient and its points more useful to you.\nOn breadth, SBI is often cited for the widest one-stop product range (many foreign markets, bonds, IPO access), while Rakuten is prized for a polished app and smooth fund accumulation. Both change reward rates and conditions frequently, so treat point rates as a secondary factor.\nHow to choose\nBecause the core is so close, choose on ecosystem fit and app preference, not on a small point-rate difference that may change next quarter. If you use SMBC/Olive or want the broadest product range, SBI leans ahead; if you live in the Rakuten ecosystem or prefer its app, Rakuten does. Many investors could use either and be well served.\nRemember you can only make new NISA purchases at one institution per year, and existing holdings stay if you switch — so pick the one you will happily keep for the long term rather than chasing a temporary promotion.","url":"/en/investing/sbi-vs-rakuten","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sbi-vs-monex:en","entityId":"guide:sbi-vs-monex","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SBI Securities vs Monex","plainText":"SBI offers the broadest one-stop product range and the SMBC/V Points ecosystem, while Monex is prized for US-stock research and analytical tools with d Card/d Point integration; both cover NISA, funds, and US stocks well, so the choice turns on breadth vs research and ecosystem.\nProduct breadth and ecosystem vs research depth, compared on the same dimensions.\nBoth cover NISA, funds, Japanese and US stocks with recurring and card investing.\nSBI leads on one-stop product breadth and the SMBC/Olive/V Points ecosystem.\nMonex is noted for US-stock research, screening, and analytical tools, plus d Card/d Points.\nTaxable US commission is comparable (about 0.495%, max US$22).\nChoose SBI for breadth/ecosystem, Monex for research depth.\nCommon ground\nSBI and Monex both cover the essentials well: NISA with broad fund menus and ¥100 minimums, Japanese and US stocks, recurring purchases, credit-card investing, and comparable taxable US-stock pricing (about 0.495%, capped at US$22). For a beginner buying an index fund monthly in NISA, either works, and the core cost and convenience are close.\nAs with any pair, confirm the exact funds and features you need are supported before deciding — the headline overlap does not guarantee your specific fund or market is covered identically.\nSBI’s strengths\nSBI’s edge is breadth and ecosystem. It offers one of the widest one-stop product ranges — many foreign markets, odd lots, bonds, IPO access, and margin — and integrates with SMBC/Olive and V Points, with card investing through SMBC cards. For a cost-conscious investor who wants broad markets in one place and lives in the SMBC/Ponta-adjacent world, SBI is a natural fit.\nThe trade-off is that its interface can be dense and its conditions complex, which some beginners find overwhelming compared with a more streamlined platform.\nMonex’s strengths\nMonex’s edge is research. It is repeatedly noted for strong US-stock research, screening, and analytical tools, plus IPO access, and integrates with d Card and d Points. For an investor who wants to analyse US stocks or values deeper research tools — and who is in the docomo/d ecosystem — Monex is compelling.\nSo the choice is largely breadth-and-ecosystem (SBI) vs research-depth-and-ecosystem (Monex). Both are strong, reputable brokers; decide based on which strength and which point ecosystem match how you actually invest.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/sbi-vs-monex","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:sbi-vs-rakuten","guide:rakuten-vs-monex","guide:brokers-for-us-stocks","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex Securities","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/service/fee/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/nisa","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex Securities","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/nisa/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"SBI offers the broadest one-stop product range and the SMBC/V Points ecosystem, while Monex is prized for US-stock research and analytical tools with d Card/d Point integration; both cover NISA, funds, and US stocks well, so the choice turns on breadth vs research and ecosystem.\nProduct breadth and ecosystem vs research depth, compared on the same dimensions.\nBoth cover NISA, funds, Japanese and US stocks with recurring and card investing.\nSBI leads on one-stop product breadth and the SMBC/Olive/V Points ecosystem.\nMonex is noted for US-stock research, screening, and analytical tools, plus d Card/d Points.\nTaxable US commission is comparable (about 0.495%, max US$22).\nChoose SBI for breadth/ecosystem, Monex for research depth.\nCommon ground\nSBI and Monex both cover the essentials well: NISA with broad fund menus and ¥100 minimums, Japanese and US stocks, recurring purchases, credit-card investing, and comparable taxable US-stock pricing (about 0.495%, capped at US$22). For a beginner buying an index fund monthly in NISA, either works, and the core cost and convenience are close.\nAs with any pair, confirm the exact funds and features you need are supported before deciding — the headline overlap does not guarantee your specific fund or market is covered identically.\nSBI’s strengths\nSBI’s edge is breadth and ecosystem. It offers one of the widest one-stop product ranges — many foreign markets, odd lots, bonds, IPO access, and margin — and integrates with SMBC/Olive and V Points, with card investing through SMBC cards. For a cost-conscious investor who wants broad markets in one place and lives in the SMBC/Ponta-adjacent world, SBI is a natural fit.\nThe trade-off is that its interface can be dense and its conditions complex, which some beginners find overwhelming compared with a more streamlined platform.\nMonex’s strengths\nMonex’s edge is research. It is repeatedly noted for strong US-stock research, screening, and analytical tools, plus IPO access, and integrates with d Card and d Points. For an investor who wants to analyse US stocks or values deeper research tools — and who is in the docomo/d ecosystem — Monex is compelling.\nSo the choice is largely breadth-and-ecosystem (SBI) vs research-depth-and-ecosystem (Monex). Both are strong, reputable brokers; decide based on which strength and which point ecosystem match how you actually invest.","url":"/en/investing/sbi-vs-monex","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rakuten-vs-monex:en","entityId":"guide:rakuten-vs-monex","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Securities vs Monex","plainText":"Rakuten is prized for app usability and Rakuten-ecosystem integration; Monex for US-stock research and d-ecosystem integration; both cover NISA, funds, and US stocks similarly, so choose on ecosystem and whether you value polish or research.\nEcosystem and app usability vs research depth, compared on the same dimensions.\nBoth cover NISA, funds, and US stocks with recurring and card investing.\nRakuten: polished app, Rakuten Card/Bank/Points integration.\nMonex: US-stock research and analytical tools, d Card/d Points integration.\nTaxable US commission is comparable (about 0.495%, max US$22).\nChoose on ecosystem fit and whether you prioritise app polish or research depth.\nCommon ground\nRakuten and Monex both cover NISA with broad fund menus and ¥100 minimums, Japanese and US stocks, recurring purchases, credit-card investing, and comparable taxable US-stock pricing (about 0.495%, capped at US$22). For monthly index-fund accumulation in NISA, either is a solid choice, and the everyday experience is close.\nConfirm the exact funds and markets you need before deciding, since the broad overlap does not guarantee identical coverage of your specific products.\nRakuten’s strengths\nRakuten’s edge is a polished, user-friendly app and deep integration with the Rakuten ecosystem — Rakuten Card, Rakuten Bank, Rakuten Cash, and Rakuten Points. If you already shop and bank with Rakuten, funding and points flow smoothly, and the app is widely praised for ease of use, especially for fund accumulation.\nFor a beginner who values a smooth, intuitive experience and lives in the Rakuten world, Rakuten Securities is a natural home.\nMonex’s strengths\nMonex’s edge is research depth, especially for US stocks — screening, analytical tools, and IPO access — with d Card and d Points integration. For an investor who analyses US equities or wants richer research, and who is in the docomo/d ecosystem, Monex is compelling.\nSo the choice is ecosystem plus emphasis: Rakuten for app polish and the Rakuten world, Monex for research and the d world. Both are strong; pick the one whose ecosystem and strengths match how you invest and spend.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/rakuten-vs-monex","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:sbi-vs-rakuten","guide:sbi-vs-monex","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokers-for-us-stocks"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/commission/","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex Securities","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/service/fee/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/nisa/","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex Securities","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/nisa/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Rakuten is prized for app usability and Rakuten-ecosystem integration; Monex for US-stock research and d-ecosystem integration; both cover NISA, funds, and US stocks similarly, so choose on ecosystem and whether you value polish or research.\nEcosystem and app usability vs research depth, compared on the same dimensions.\nBoth cover NISA, funds, and US stocks with recurring and card investing.\nRakuten: polished app, Rakuten Card/Bank/Points integration.\nMonex: US-stock research and analytical tools, d Card/d Points integration.\nTaxable US commission is comparable (about 0.495%, max US$22).\nChoose on ecosystem fit and whether you prioritise app polish or research depth.\nCommon ground\nRakuten and Monex both cover NISA with broad fund menus and ¥100 minimums, Japanese and US stocks, recurring purchases, credit-card investing, and comparable taxable US-stock pricing (about 0.495%, capped at US$22). For monthly index-fund accumulation in NISA, either is a solid choice, and the everyday experience is close.\nConfirm the exact funds and markets you need before deciding, since the broad overlap does not guarantee identical coverage of your specific products.\nRakuten’s strengths\nRakuten’s edge is a polished, user-friendly app and deep integration with the Rakuten ecosystem — Rakuten Card, Rakuten Bank, Rakuten Cash, and Rakuten Points. If you already shop and bank with Rakuten, funding and points flow smoothly, and the app is widely praised for ease of use, especially for fund accumulation.\nFor a beginner who values a smooth, intuitive experience and lives in the Rakuten world, Rakuten Securities is a natural home.\nMonex’s strengths\nMonex’s edge is research depth, especially for US stocks — screening, analytical tools, and IPO access — with d Card and d Points integration. For an investor who analyses US equities or wants richer research, and who is in the docomo/d ecosystem, Monex is compelling.\nSo the choice is ecosystem plus emphasis: Rakuten for app polish and the Rakuten world, Monex for research and the d world. Both are strong; pick the one whose ecosystem and strengths match how you invest and spend.","url":"/en/investing/rakuten-vs-monex","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers:en","entityId":"guide:ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"IBKR Japan vs Japanese online brokerages","plainText":"IBKR Japan wins on verified end-to-end English and the broadest global-market access, while Japanese online brokers (SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui) win on simple low-cost Japanese fund investing and ecosystem integration; the choice depends on language needs and how global and complex you want to be.\nEnglish support and global reach vs simple Japanese fund investing, compared on the same dimensions.\nIBKR Japan: verified end-to-end English, broadest global markets, professional platform.\nJapanese online brokers: simple low-cost fund investing, ¥100 minimums, ecosystem/points.\nIBKR suits investors comfortable with cross-border detail; Japanese brokers suit fund accumulators.\nBoth support NISA, but the fund-accumulation experience is smoother at Japanese brokers.\nChoose IBKR for English/global reach, a Japanese broker for the simplest NISA fund plan.\nWhat IBKR Japan does best\nInteractive Brokers Securities Japan is the standout for two things: verified end-to-end English (website, application, trading interface, and support) and the broadest global-market access among the providers covered, including extensive stocks, ETFs, options, futures, bonds, and multiple currencies. It supports NISA for eligible domestic and foreign products, with low professional-market pricing and interbank-style currency execution.\nThe trade-off is complexity. IBKR is a professional platform whose order choices, market access, and cross-border tax detail can overwhelm someone who simply wants to buy one Japanese index fund each month. It rewards investors comfortable with a sophisticated interface.\nWhat Japanese brokers do best\nJapanese online brokers (SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui) excel at the opposite: simple, low-cost Japanese fund investing. ¥100 minimums, one-tap recurring purchases, ¥0 covered NISA trades, credit-card investing, and point ecosystems make monthly accumulation effortless — exactly what most beginners need. Their platforms are streamlined around funds and domestic investing rather than professional global trading.\nTheir main limitation for some is language: onboarding and support are mainly Japanese, and browser translation does not make the controlling documents English. Foreign-market breadth is also narrower than IBKR’s.\nHow to choose\nThe decision is about language and scope. If you need genuine English at every stage, or want the broadest global-market access and are comfortable with a professional platform, IBKR Japan is the verified choice. If your goal is the simplest possible low-cost NISA fund plan and you can handle Japanese documents (with help where needed), a Japanese online broker is smoother and cheaper for that job.\nSome investors use both: a Japanese broker for simple NISA fund accumulation and IBKR for broader global trading. Match the tool to the task rather than forcing one platform to do everything.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:brokers-english-support","guide:global-investors-japan","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:us-stocks-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"IBKR Japan wins on verified end-to-end English and the broadest global-market access, while Japanese online brokers (SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui) win on simple low-cost Japanese fund investing and ecosystem integration; the choice depends on language needs and how global and complex you want to be.\nEnglish support and global reach vs simple Japanese fund investing, compared on the same dimensions.\nIBKR Japan: verified end-to-end English, broadest global markets, professional platform.\nJapanese online brokers: simple low-cost fund investing, ¥100 minimums, ecosystem/points.\nIBKR suits investors comfortable with cross-border detail; Japanese brokers suit fund accumulators.\nBoth support NISA, but the fund-accumulation experience is smoother at Japanese brokers.\nChoose IBKR for English/global reach, a Japanese broker for the simplest NISA fund plan.\nWhat IBKR Japan does best\nInteractive Brokers Securities Japan is the standout for two things: verified end-to-end English (website, application, trading interface, and support) and the broadest global-market access among the providers covered, including extensive stocks, ETFs, options, futures, bonds, and multiple currencies. It supports NISA for eligible domestic and foreign products, with low professional-market pricing and interbank-style currency execution.\nThe trade-off is complexity. IBKR is a professional platform whose order choices, market access, and cross-border tax detail can overwhelm someone who simply wants to buy one Japanese index fund each month. It rewards investors comfortable with a sophisticated interface.\nWhat Japanese brokers do best\nJapanese online brokers (SBI, Rakuten, Monex, Matsui) excel at the opposite: simple, low-cost Japanese fund investing. ¥100 minimums, one-tap recurring purchases, ¥0 covered NISA trades, credit-card investing, and point ecosystems make monthly accumulation effortless — exactly what most beginners need. Their platforms are streamlined around funds and domestic investing rather than professional global trading.\nTheir main limitation for some is language: onboarding and support are mainly Japanese, and browser translation does not make the controlling documents English. Foreign-market breadth is also narrower than IBKR’s.\nHow to choose\nThe decision is about language and scope. If you need genuine English at every stage, or want the broadest global-market access and are comfortable with a professional platform, IBKR Japan is the verified choice. If your goal is the simplest possible low-cost NISA fund plan and you can handle Japanese documents (with help where needed), a Japanese online broker is smoother and cheaper for that job.\nSome investors use both: a Japanese broker for simple NISA fund accumulation and IBKR for broader global trading. Match the tool to the task rather than forcing one platform to do everything.","url":"/en/investing/ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:online-vs-major-traditional-brokers:en","entityId":"guide:online-vs-major-traditional-brokers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Online brokers vs Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, and Mizuho","plainText":"Online brokers win decisively on cost and app usability for self-directed passive investing, while major traditional firms (Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, Mizuho) add advice, branches, bonds, IPOs, and wealth services at much higher commissions — choose online for cost, traditional for complex needs and human support.\nLow-cost online brokers vs major traditional full-service firms, compared on cost, service, products, and best-fit users.\nOnline brokers: near-zero costs, strong apps, ideal for self-directed passive investing.\nMajor traditional firms: advice, branches, bonds, IPOs, inheritance, and wealth services.\nBranch/comprehensive-course commissions can reach ~1–1.4% vs near-zero online.\nTraditional firms suit complex, high-net-worth, or advice-seeking investors.\nWatch distribution conflicts and demand all-in cost and benchmark comparisons.\nThe cost gap\nThe starkest difference is cost. Online brokers offer near-zero commissions on many trades and very low fund fees, while the major traditional firms — Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, Mizuho — charge substantially more through branches and comprehensive courses, with domestic branch commissions that can reach roughly 1% to over 1.4% with minimum charges. For a routine index-fund purchase, that gap is enormous over a lifetime of investing.\nFor self-directed passive investing, this makes online brokers the clear default. Paying branch-level commissions to buy the same index fund you could buy for near-zero online is hard to justify on cost alone.\nWhat traditional firms add\nTraditional firms justify their cost through service: human advice, physical branches, deep access to bonds and IPO allocations, inheritance and estate services, and wealth management for high-net-worth clients. For genuinely complex situations — a complicated bond, estate planning, or an investor who values in-person guidance — that service can be worth paying for.\nThey also handle cases online brokers do not emphasise, and their branches can assist with paperwork and life events. The value is in advice and complexity, not in routine low-cost fund buying.\nWho each suits\nFor most self-directed investors building a low-cost index portfolio, an online broker is the right default — cheaper, more convenient, and entirely sufficient. Reserve a traditional firm for specific complex needs (bonds, IPOs, inheritance, wealth management) or if you genuinely value human advice and branch support enough to pay for it.\nIf you do use a traditional firm, watch for distribution conflicts: adviser compensation is not neutral, so demand the explicit all-in cost and a benchmark comparison for any recommendation. Many investors self-direct online and engage a traditional firm only for the specific services that justify the cost.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/online-vs-major-traditional-brokers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:online-vs-full-service-brokers","guide:advised-investing-japan","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokerage-fees-compared"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Nomura Securities","url":"https://www.nomura.co.jp/retail/fee/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Online brokers win decisively on cost and app usability for self-directed passive investing, while major traditional firms (Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, Mizuho) add advice, branches, bonds, IPOs, and wealth services at much higher commissions — choose online for cost, traditional for complex needs and human support.\nLow-cost online brokers vs major traditional full-service firms, compared on cost, service, products, and best-fit users.\nOnline brokers: near-zero costs, strong apps, ideal for self-directed passive investing.\nMajor traditional firms: advice, branches, bonds, IPOs, inheritance, and wealth services.\nBranch/comprehensive-course commissions can reach ~1–1.4% vs near-zero online.\nTraditional firms suit complex, high-net-worth, or advice-seeking investors.\nWatch distribution conflicts and demand all-in cost and benchmark comparisons.\nThe cost gap\nThe starkest difference is cost. Online brokers offer near-zero commissions on many trades and very low fund fees, while the major traditional firms — Nomura, Daiwa, SMBC Nikko, Mizuho — charge substantially more through branches and comprehensive courses, with domestic branch commissions that can reach roughly 1% to over 1.4% with minimum charges. For a routine index-fund purchase, that gap is enormous over a lifetime of investing.\nFor self-directed passive investing, this makes online brokers the clear default. Paying branch-level commissions to buy the same index fund you could buy for near-zero online is hard to justify on cost alone.\nWhat traditional firms add\nTraditional firms justify their cost through service: human advice, physical branches, deep access to bonds and IPO allocations, inheritance and estate services, and wealth management for high-net-worth clients. For genuinely complex situations — a complicated bond, estate planning, or an investor who values in-person guidance — that service can be worth paying for.\nThey also handle cases online brokers do not emphasise, and their branches can assist with paperwork and life events. The value is in advice and complexity, not in routine low-cost fund buying.\nWho each suits\nFor most self-directed investors building a low-cost index portfolio, an online broker is the right default — cheaper, more convenient, and entirely sufficient. Reserve a traditional firm for specific complex needs (bonds, IPOs, inheritance, wealth management) or if you genuinely value human advice and branch support enough to pay for it.\nIf you do use a traditional firm, watch for distribution conflicts: adviser compensation is not neutral, so demand the explicit all-in cost and a benchmark comparison for any recommendation. Many investors self-direct online and engage a traditional firm only for the specific services that justify the cost.","url":"/en/investing/online-vs-major-traditional-brokers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-open-account:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-open-account","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to open a NISA account","plainText":"To open NISA, choose one brokerage, provide identity and My Number evidence and tax-residency declarations, and wait for the tax authority to confirm you have no other active NISA before purchasing; most rejections come from name mismatches or a duplicate NISA.\nSelecting a brokerage, documents and My Number, tax-authority confirmation, processing stages, and troubleshooting rejections.\nYou open NISA at one brokerage; only one institution takes new purchases per year.\nProvide identity, My Number, address, and Japanese/foreign tax-residency declarations.\nThe broker validates with the tax authority that you have no other active NISA.\nSome firms allow provisional trading before final confirmation; treatment of duplicates differs.\nCommon rejections: name mismatch, short document validity, or a duplicate NISA.\nSelecting a brokerage\nNISA lives at a brokerage, so the first step is choosing one — and since only one institution can receive your new NISA purchases in a given year, choose for the long term. Compare the eligible fund menu, NISA transaction charges, recurring-purchase controls, foreign-stock support if you need it, and ecosystem fit. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui are the usual shortlist for a self-directed resident.\nDo not choose on a temporary point promotion; you can change institutions by year, but existing holdings stay at the old broker, so switching is not seamless. Pick a broker you will happily keep.\nDocuments and confirmation\nPrepare identity evidence (My Number Card, residence card, driver’s licence, or passport in an accepted combination), My Number evidence, your Japanese address, and Japanese and foreign tax-residency declarations. You also link a Japanese bank account in your own name. The financial institution then validates NISA information with the tax authorities to confirm you do not already have an active NISA relationship for the same year.\nSome firms permit provisional trading before final confirmation, but the timing and treatment if a duplicate is found differ. Processing time ranges from same-day provisional access to several weeks depending on documents and tax-authority confirmation.\nTroubleshooting\nMost opening problems come from a few causes: a name mismatch across the residence card, bank record, and application; short document validity; a duplicate NISA at another institution; or a failed identity verification. If you have NISA elsewhere, you generally need transfer or abolition documents before opening a new one, since only one institution can take new purchases per year.\nFix the specific cause and reapply: align your name everywhere, renew a soon-to-expire card, and resolve any duplicate NISA. Never send identity documents through an unverified link — go through the broker’s official channel only.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-open-account","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-choose-broker","guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:brokers-for-nisa"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"To open NISA, choose one brokerage, provide identity and My Number evidence and tax-residency declarations, and wait for the tax authority to confirm you have no other active NISA before purchasing; most rejections come from name mismatches or a duplicate NISA.\nSelecting a brokerage, documents and My Number, tax-authority confirmation, processing stages, and troubleshooting rejections.\nYou open NISA at one brokerage; only one institution takes new purchases per year.\nProvide identity, My Number, address, and Japanese/foreign tax-residency declarations.\nThe broker validates with the tax authority that you have no other active NISA.\nSome firms allow provisional trading before final confirmation; treatment of duplicates differs.\nCommon rejections: name mismatch, short document validity, or a duplicate NISA.\nSelecting a brokerage\nNISA lives at a brokerage, so the first step is choosing one — and since only one institution can receive your new NISA purchases in a given year, choose for the long term. Compare the eligible fund menu, NISA transaction charges, recurring-purchase controls, foreign-stock support if you need it, and ecosystem fit. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui are the usual shortlist for a self-directed resident.\nDo not choose on a temporary point promotion; you can change institutions by year, but existing holdings stay at the old broker, so switching is not seamless. Pick a broker you will happily keep.\nDocuments and confirmation\nPrepare identity evidence (My Number Card, residence card, driver’s licence, or passport in an accepted combination), My Number evidence, your Japanese address, and Japanese and foreign tax-residency declarations. You also link a Japanese bank account in your own name. The financial institution then validates NISA information with the tax authorities to confirm you do not already have an active NISA relationship for the same year.\nSome firms permit provisional trading before final confirmation, but the timing and treatment if a duplicate is found differ. Processing time ranges from same-day provisional access to several weeks depending on documents and tax-authority confirmation.\nTroubleshooting\nMost opening problems come from a few causes: a name mismatch across the residence card, bank record, and application; short document validity; a duplicate NISA at another institution; or a failed identity verification. If you have NISA elsewhere, you generally need transfer or abolition documents before opening a new one, since only one institution can take new purchases per year.\nFix the specific cause and reapply: align your name everywhere, renew a soon-to-expire card, and resolve any duplicate NISA. Never send identity documents through an unverified link — go through the broker’s official channel only.","url":"/en/investing/nisa-open-account","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-choose-broker:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-choose-broker","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to choose a NISA brokerage","plainText":"Choose a NISA brokerage on the eligible fund lineup, foreign-stock support, NISA fees and FX, recurring and card-investing controls, language, foreign-resident acceptance, and departure policy — not on a temporary point rate, because you keep the broker long-term.\nProduct availability, fund and foreign-stock support, fees and FX, recurring purchases, card investing, language, and departure policy.\nStart with the eligible fund lineup and whether your intended fund is offered in the allowance you want.\nCheck foreign-stock support in NISA if you need it — it is broker-specific.\nCompare NISA fees, FX, recurring-purchase controls, and card/point integration.\nFor foreign residents, confirm acceptance, language support, and departure policy.\nChoose for the long term — switching keeps old holdings at the old broker.\nProduct availability first\nThe most important criterion is whether the broker carries what you intend to buy, in the allowance you intend. Confirm your target fund is on the FSA list and offered by the broker for the tsumitate or growth allowance, and that recurring purchases are supported. If you want individual Japanese shares, REITs, or foreign stocks in the growth allowance, check that specific support — foreign-stock availability in NISA is broker-specific and not automatic.\nA broker with a huge menu is only useful if it includes your chosen low-cost fund. Verify the specific product before weighing anything else.\nCost, FX, and integrations\nNext compare cost and convenience: NISA transaction charges (usually ¥0 on covered domestic and US products at the big brokers), FX terms if you buy foreign securities, recurring-purchase controls, and credit-card/point integration if you value it. Remember that even in NISA, foreign dividends carry source-country withholding and FX spreads recur, so FX terms matter for global investors.\nWeight promotional point rates low — they change and can be outweighed by card annual fees. Convenience and ecosystem integration are legitimate tie-breakers, but only after product availability and cost.\nForeign residents and departure\nIf you are a foreign resident, add three checks: does the broker accept your nationality and residence status; is English support available at the stages you need (opening, tax documents, incidents); and what is its non-resident/departure policy if you might leave Japan. These can differ from the tax rule and are easy to overlook until they matter.\nBecause you keep a NISA broker for the long term — switching leaves existing holdings at the old firm — factor in continuity. The best NISA broker is the one that carries your funds, accepts your status, fits your budget, and you can see yourself using for years.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-choose-broker","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-open-account","guide:brokers-for-nisa","guide:nisa-change-broker","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Choose a NISA brokerage on the eligible fund lineup, foreign-stock support, NISA fees and FX, recurring and card-investing controls, language, foreign-resident acceptance, and departure policy — not on a temporary point rate, because you keep the broker long-term.\nProduct availability, fund and foreign-stock support, fees and FX, recurring purchases, card investing, language, and departure policy.\nStart with the eligible fund lineup and whether your intended fund is offered in the allowance you want.\nCheck foreign-stock support in NISA if you need it — it is broker-specific.\nCompare NISA fees, FX, recurring-purchase controls, and card/point integration.\nFor foreign residents, confirm acceptance, language support, and departure policy.\nChoose for the long term — switching keeps old holdings at the old broker.\nProduct availability first\nThe most important criterion is whether the broker carries what you intend to buy, in the allowance you intend. Confirm your target fund is on the FSA list and offered by the broker for the tsumitate or growth allowance, and that recurring purchases are supported. If you want individual Japanese shares, REITs, or foreign stocks in the growth allowance, check that specific support — foreign-stock availability in NISA is broker-specific and not automatic.\nA broker with a huge menu is only useful if it includes your chosen low-cost fund. Verify the specific product before weighing anything else.\nCost, FX, and integrations\nNext compare cost and convenience: NISA transaction charges (usually ¥0 on covered domestic and US products at the big brokers), FX terms if you buy foreign securities, recurring-purchase controls, and credit-card/point integration if you value it. Remember that even in NISA, foreign dividends carry source-country withholding and FX spreads recur, so FX terms matter for global investors.\nWeight promotional point rates low — they change and can be outweighed by card annual fees. Convenience and ecosystem integration are legitimate tie-breakers, but only after product availability and cost.\nForeign residents and departure\nIf you are a foreign resident, add three checks: does the broker accept your nationality and residence status; is English support available at the stages you need (opening, tax documents, incidents); and what is its non-resident/departure policy if you might leave Japan. These can differ from the tax rule and are easy to overlook until they matter.\nBecause you keep a NISA broker for the long term — switching leaves existing holdings at the old firm — factor in continuity. The best NISA broker is the one that carries your funds, accepts your status, fits your budget, and you can see yourself using for years.","url":"/en/investing/nisa-choose-broker","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-change-broker:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-change-broker","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Changing your NISA brokerage","plainText":"You can generally change your NISA institution by year, but only one institution receives new purchases per year, existing holdings stay at the old broker in that NISA relationship, and change/abolition documents must be filed on deadline — start well before year-end.\nThe one-institution rule, deadlines and documents, existing holdings, why NISA assets are not transferred, and a transition checklist.\nOnly one institution receives new NISA purchases per year; changes generally apply by year.\nWhether you already purchased that year affects when a change can take effect.\nExisting NISA holdings stay at the old broker — they are not transferred into the new NISA.\nSelling old holdings restores lifetime capacity next year, usable only at the new institution.\nFile change/abolition documents on deadline; start well before year-end.\nThe one-institution rule\nFor any given year, only one institution can receive your new NISA purchases, but you may generally change the institution by year. A crucial detail: whether you have already made a NISA purchase in the current year affects when a change can take effect — often a change applies from the following year if you have already bought. Deadlines and forms are institution-specific.\nSo changing NISA brokers is possible but governed by calendar-year timing and prior-purchase rules. Plan around them rather than assuming you can switch instantly mid-year.\nExisting holdings do not move\nThe most important misunderstanding to avoid: your existing NISA holdings normally remain at the old institution in that NISA relationship — they are not transferred into the new institution’s NISA. Changing brokers changes where you make new purchases, not where your old assets live. So after a change you may hold NISA assets at two firms, keeping records for both.\nIf you want to consolidate, selling old holdings restores their acquisition cost to your lifetime capacity from the following year, but that restored capacity is usable only through the institution authorised for new purchases that year — and selling has market and timing consequences. Do not sell merely to \"transfer.\"\nA transition checklist\nPlan a change carefully. Start well before year-end, because deadlines and documents (change and, where relevant, abolition notices) take time. Stop and record any recurring orders at the old broker. Ask both institutions for the current sequence and required forms. Keep confirmations, and verify the new NISA account is active before placing new orders there.\nDo not sell holdings solely to move them without checking tax and market consequences, and remember new purchases cannot be duplicated across institutions in the same year. A little planning prevents a gap in your investing or an accidental duplicate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-change-broker","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-choose-broker","guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse","guide:investment-records-and-statements"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"You can generally change your NISA institution by year, but only one institution receives new purchases per year, existing holdings stay at the old broker in that NISA relationship, and change/abolition documents must be filed on deadline — start well before year-end.\nThe one-institution rule, deadlines and documents, existing holdings, why NISA assets are not transferred, and a transition checklist.\nOnly one institution receives new NISA purchases per year; changes generally apply by year.\nWhether you already purchased that year affects when a change can take effect.\nExisting NISA holdings stay at the old broker — they are not transferred into the new NISA.\nSelling old holdings restores lifetime capacity next year, usable only at the new institution.\nFile change/abolition documents on deadline; start well before year-end.\nThe one-institution rule\nFor any given year, only one institution can receive your new NISA purchases, but you may generally change the institution by year. A crucial detail: whether you have already made a NISA purchase in the current year affects when a change can take effect — often a change applies from the following year if you have already bought. Deadlines and forms are institution-specific.\nSo changing NISA brokers is possible but governed by calendar-year timing and prior-purchase rules. Plan around them rather than assuming you can switch instantly mid-year.\nExisting holdings do not move\nThe most important misunderstanding to avoid: your existing NISA holdings normally remain at the old institution in that NISA relationship — they are not transferred into the new institution’s NISA. Changing brokers changes where you make new purchases, not where your old assets live. So after a change you may hold NISA assets at two firms, keeping records for both.\nIf you want to consolidate, selling old holdings restores their acquisition cost to your lifetime capacity from the following year, but that restored capacity is usable only through the institution authorised for new purchases that year — and selling has market and timing consequences. Do not sell merely to \"transfer.\"\nA transition checklist\nPlan a change carefully. Start well before year-end, because deadlines and documents (change and, where relevant, abolition notices) take time. Stop and record any recurring orders at the old broker. Ask both institutions for the current sequence and required forms. Keep confirmations, and verify the new NISA account is active before placing new orders there.\nDo not sell holdings solely to move them without checking tax and market consequences, and remember new purchases cannot be duplicated across institutions in the same year. A little planning prevents a gap in your investing or an accidental duplicate.","url":"/en/investing/nisa-change-broker","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:recurring-investment-allowance:en","entityId":"guide:recurring-investment-allowance","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"The NISA recurring-investment allowance","plainText":"The recurring-investment allowance (つみたて投資枠) allows up to ¥1.2m per year into FSA-screened long-term diversified funds and qualifying ETFs — ideal for automated monthly accumulation; verify eligibility by exact fund name at the FSA list and your broker.\nEligible product restrictions, monthly and bonus-month investing, suitable investors, the ¥1.2m limit, and verifying fund eligibility.\nUp to ¥1.2m per year, restricted to FSA-listed long-term, diversified funds and qualifying ETFs.\nDesigned for automated recurring accumulation — ¥100,000/month if spread evenly.\nBonus-month settings let you weight contributions unevenly within the annual limit.\nIndividual stocks are not eligible in this allowance (use the growth allowance).\nVerify eligibility by exact fund name and share class at the FSA list and your broker.\nEligible products\nThe recurring-investment allowance deliberately restricts choice to encourage low-cost, long-term, diversified investing. Only the investment trusts and qualifying ETFs the FSA has screened onto its published list are eligible — broadly, funds with reasonable costs, wide diversification, and long-term structures. Individual stocks, REITs, and most non-listed products are not eligible here; those belong in the growth allowance.\nBecause the list is curated for suitability, a beginner can reasonably pick a single broad global-equity index fund from it. But the list changes, so verify the current version by exact fund name and share class.\nMonthly and bonus-month investing\nThe ¥1.2m annual limit works out to ¥100,000 per month if you spread it evenly, which suits automated monthly accumulation — set a recurring purchase and let it run. Many brokers also offer bonus-month settings, letting you invest more in certain months (for example when a bonus arrives) while staying within the ¥1.2m annual cap.\nThis allowance is ideal for the standard beginner plan: one low-cost diversified fund, bought automatically each month. It removes the monthly decision and builds the habit that makes long-term investing work.\nSuitable investors and verification\nThis allowance suits almost everyone accumulating for the long term, and especially beginners and small monthly investors, because its screened, low-cost, diversified universe makes a bad first choice hard. If you want individual stocks or a wider fund range, use the growth allowance alongside it — the two can be used together up to ¥3.6m a year.\nBefore buying, verify eligibility by exact fund name and share class against the FSA’s current list, and confirm your broker offers it for recurring purchase. US taxpayers should add a separate PFIC step: Japanese eligibility says nothing about US tax treatment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/recurring-investment-allowance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:growth-investment-allowance","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:nisa-complete-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"The recurring-investment allowance (つみたて投資枠) allows up to ¥1.2m per year into FSA-screened long-term diversified funds and qualifying ETFs — ideal for automated monthly accumulation; verify eligibility by exact fund name at the FSA list and your broker.\nEligible product restrictions, monthly and bonus-month investing, suitable investors, the ¥1.2m limit, and verifying fund eligibility.\nUp to ¥1.2m per year, restricted to FSA-listed long-term, diversified funds and qualifying ETFs.\nDesigned for automated recurring accumulation — ¥100,000/month if spread evenly.\nBonus-month settings let you weight contributions unevenly within the annual limit.\nIndividual stocks are not eligible in this allowance (use the growth allowance).\nVerify eligibility by exact fund name and share class at the FSA list and your broker.\nEligible products\nThe recurring-investment allowance deliberately restricts choice to encourage low-cost, long-term, diversified investing. Only the investment trusts and qualifying ETFs the FSA has screened onto its published list are eligible — broadly, funds with reasonable costs, wide diversification, and long-term structures. Individual stocks, REITs, and most non-listed products are not eligible here; those belong in the growth allowance.\nBecause the list is curated for suitability, a beginner can reasonably pick a single broad global-equity index fund from it. But the list changes, so verify the current version by exact fund name and share class.\nMonthly and bonus-month investing\nThe ¥1.2m annual limit works out to ¥100,000 per month if you spread it evenly, which suits automated monthly accumulation — set a recurring purchase and let it run. Many brokers also offer bonus-month settings, letting you invest more in certain months (for example when a bonus arrives) while staying within the ¥1.2m annual cap.\nThis allowance is ideal for the standard beginner plan: one low-cost diversified fund, bought automatically each month. It removes the monthly decision and builds the habit that makes long-term investing work.\nSuitable investors and verification\nThis allowance suits almost everyone accumulating for the long term, and especially beginners and small monthly investors, because its screened, low-cost, diversified universe makes a bad first choice hard. If you want individual stocks or a wider fund range, use the growth allowance alongside it — the two can be used together up to ¥3.6m a year.\nBefore buying, verify eligibility by exact fund name and share class against the FSA’s current list, and confirm your broker offers it for recurring purchase. US taxpayers should add a separate PFIC step: Japanese eligibility says nothing about US tax treatment.","url":"/en/investing/recurring-investment-allowance","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:growth-investment-allowance:en","entityId":"guide:growth-investment-allowance","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"The NISA growth-investment allowance","plainText":"The growth-investment allowance (成長投資枠) allows up to ¥2.4m per year — within a ¥12m lifetime sub-limit — for eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and funds, but excludes supervisory/liquidation stocks, sub-20-year, monthly-distribution, and derivative-heavy funds; foreign-stock support is broker-specific.\nEligible shares, ETFs, REITs, and funds; ineligible securities; the ¥2.4m annual and ¥12m lifetime sub-limits; and foreign-stock support.\nUp to ¥2.4m per year, within a ¥12m lifetime sub-limit (part of the ¥18m total).\nEligible: individual listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and a wider set of funds.\nExcluded: supervisory/liquidation stocks, sub-20-year, monthly-distribution, and derivative-heavy funds.\nForeign-stock support in NISA is broker-specific and not automatic.\nYou can use it alongside the recurring allowance, up to ¥3.6m a year combined.\nWhat you can buy\nThe growth-investment allowance is the broader of the two NISA frames. It allows eligible individual listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and a wider set of investment trusts than the recurring allowance — so this is where you buy a specific Japanese stock, a J-REIT, or a fund not on the tsumitate list. You can use it alongside the recurring allowance, for a combined ¥3.6m a year.\nThe annual limit is ¥2.4m, and it sits within a ¥12m lifetime sub-limit — no more than ¥12m of your ¥18m lifetime acquisition-cost capacity can be growth-allowance holdings. The remaining lifetime room can be filled through either allowance.\nWhat is excluded\nSeveral things are excluded to keep NISA aligned with long-term investing. The growth allowance does not include designated supervisory or liquidation stocks, investment trusts with terms shorter than 20 years, monthly-distribution funds, or certain derivative-heavy funds. Across both allowances, ordinary deposits, government and corporate bonds, and margin purchases are outside NISA entirely.\nSo the growth allowance is broad but not unlimited: it targets mainstream long-term investments, not high-turnover or income-maximising products. Confirm a specific security’s eligibility rather than assuming.\nIndividual stocks vs funds, and foreign support\nThe growth allowance lets you choose between funds and individual securities. Most investors keep a diversified low-cost fund as the core and use individual stocks only as a deliberate, limited sleeve, because a single company can suffer permanent loss. If you buy dividend-paying shares, ETFs, or REITs, select the proportional allocation method so the dividends stay tax-free in NISA.\nForeign stocks and ETFs can be held in the growth allowance when your broker supports them and the security is eligible — but this is broker-specific and not automatic just because a security is exchange-listed. Foreign dividends still carry source-country withholding, and US taxpayers must analyse PFIC treatment separately.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/growth-investment-allowance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:recurring-investment-allowance","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"The growth-investment allowance (成長投資枠) allows up to ¥2.4m per year — within a ¥12m lifetime sub-limit — for eligible listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and funds, but excludes supervisory/liquidation stocks, sub-20-year, monthly-distribution, and derivative-heavy funds; foreign-stock support is broker-specific.\nEligible shares, ETFs, REITs, and funds; ineligible securities; the ¥2.4m annual and ¥12m lifetime sub-limits; and foreign-stock support.\nUp to ¥2.4m per year, within a ¥12m lifetime sub-limit (part of the ¥18m total).\nEligible: individual listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and a wider set of funds.\nExcluded: supervisory/liquidation stocks, sub-20-year, monthly-distribution, and derivative-heavy funds.\nForeign-stock support in NISA is broker-specific and not automatic.\nYou can use it alongside the recurring allowance, up to ¥3.6m a year combined.\nWhat you can buy\nThe growth-investment allowance is the broader of the two NISA frames. It allows eligible individual listed shares, REITs, ETFs, and a wider set of investment trusts than the recurring allowance — so this is where you buy a specific Japanese stock, a J-REIT, or a fund not on the tsumitate list. You can use it alongside the recurring allowance, for a combined ¥3.6m a year.\nThe annual limit is ¥2.4m, and it sits within a ¥12m lifetime sub-limit — no more than ¥12m of your ¥18m lifetime acquisition-cost capacity can be growth-allowance holdings. The remaining lifetime room can be filled through either allowance.\nWhat is excluded\nSeveral things are excluded to keep NISA aligned with long-term investing. The growth allowance does not include designated supervisory or liquidation stocks, investment trusts with terms shorter than 20 years, monthly-distribution funds, or certain derivative-heavy funds. Across both allowances, ordinary deposits, government and corporate bonds, and margin purchases are outside NISA entirely.\nSo the growth allowance is broad but not unlimited: it targets mainstream long-term investments, not high-turnover or income-maximising products. Confirm a specific security’s eligibility rather than assuming.\nIndividual stocks vs funds, and foreign support\nThe growth allowance lets you choose between funds and individual securities. Most investors keep a diversified low-cost fund as the core and use individual stocks only as a deliberate, limited sleeve, because a single company can suffer permanent loss. If you buy dividend-paying shares, ETFs, or REITs, select the proportional allocation method so the dividends stay tax-free in NISA.\nForeign stocks and ETFs can be held in the growth allowance when your broker supports them and the security is eligible — but this is broker-specific and not automatic just because a security is exchange-listed. Foreign dividends still carry source-country withholding, and US taxpayers must analyse PFIC treatment separately.","url":"/en/investing/growth-investment-allowance","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-for-foreign-residents:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-for-foreign-residents","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA for foreign residents","plainText":"A qualifying foreign resident can open NISA — eligibility is residence-based, not nationality-based — with a residence card and My Number, though some brokers require postal opening for foreign nationals, impose nationality restrictions, and NISA generally cannot continue after you leave Japan.\nResidence-based eligibility, residence-card and My Number requirements, nationality restrictions, online vs postal opening, language, and leaving Japan.\nNISA eligibility is residence-based: a qualifying Japan resident can open it regardless of nationality.\nYou need a residence card and My Number; a matching Japanese bank account is required.\nSome brokers impose nationality restrictions or require postal (not online) opening.\nLanguage support varies; SBI, Monex, Rakuten, and Matsui publish foreign-resident procedures.\nNISA generally cannot continue after you become non-resident — plan before you leave.\nResidence-based eligibility\nNISA eligibility turns on being a Japan resident, not on holding Japanese nationality. A qualifying foreign national residing in Japan can therefore open NISA, subject to the institution’s identity, visa, residence-card, tax-residency, sanctions, and product policies. Dual nationality by itself does not disqualify a resident, though another country may still tax NISA income or require reporting.\nYou will need a residence card, My Number evidence, a Japanese address, tax-residency declarations, and a Japanese bank account in your own name. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui publish procedures accepting residence-card documentation.\nRestrictions and opening path\nBroker policies can be stricter than the tax statute. Some accept residence-card documentation fully online; others require postal processing for foreign nationals, which is slower. Certain nationalities, sanctioned-country connections, or politically exposed status can trigger enhanced review or rejection, and US persons face FATCA declarations and product restrictions. These matrices are rarely published in full, so confirm your specific case.\nName consistency is the most common practical hurdle: align your name across the residence card, bank account, and application, since a mismatch is the top cause of rejection or failed bank linkage.\nLanguage and leaving Japan\nConfirm English support at each stage you need it — opening, trading, tax documents, and incidents — not just on a marketing page; most foreign-resident-friendly brokers onboard mainly in Japanese, and browser translation does not make the controlling documents English. If genuine English at every stage is essential, IBKR Japan is the verified option.\nCrucially, NISA is a residents’ benefit: it generally cannot continue after you become non-resident, except a qualifying temporary-departure continuation filed in advance. If you may leave Japan, get the broker’s written departure procedure before building a large NISA balance, and remember Japanese eligibility does not replace home-country reporting.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-for-foreign-residents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:nisa-for-dual-citizens","guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:moving-abroad-with-investments"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"A qualifying foreign resident can open NISA — eligibility is residence-based, not nationality-based — with a residence card and My Number, though some brokers require postal opening for foreign nationals, impose nationality restrictions, and NISA generally cannot continue after you leave Japan.\nResidence-based eligibility, residence-card and My Number requirements, nationality restrictions, online vs postal opening, language, and leaving Japan.\nNISA eligibility is residence-based: a qualifying Japan resident can open it regardless of nationality.\nYou need a residence card and My Number; a matching Japanese bank account is required.\nSome brokers impose nationality restrictions or require postal (not online) opening.\nLanguage support varies; SBI, Monex, Rakuten, and Matsui publish foreign-resident procedures.\nNISA generally cannot continue after you become non-resident — plan before you leave.\nResidence-based eligibility\nNISA eligibility turns on being a Japan resident, not on holding Japanese nationality. A qualifying foreign national residing in Japan can therefore open NISA, subject to the institution’s identity, visa, residence-card, tax-residency, sanctions, and product policies. Dual nationality by itself does not disqualify a resident, though another country may still tax NISA income or require reporting.\nYou will need a residence card, My Number evidence, a Japanese address, tax-residency declarations, and a Japanese bank account in your own name. SBI, Rakuten, Monex, and Matsui publish procedures accepting residence-card documentation.\nRestrictions and opening path\nBroker policies can be stricter than the tax statute. Some accept residence-card documentation fully online; others require postal processing for foreign nationals, which is slower. Certain nationalities, sanctioned-country connections, or politically exposed status can trigger enhanced review or rejection, and US persons face FATCA declarations and product restrictions. These matrices are rarely published in full, so confirm your specific case.\nName consistency is the most common practical hurdle: align your name across the residence card, bank account, and application, since a mismatch is the top cause of rejection or failed bank linkage.\nLanguage and leaving Japan\nConfirm English support at each stage you need it — opening, trading, tax documents, and incidents — not just on a marketing page; most foreign-resident-friendly brokers onboard mainly in Japanese, and browser translation does not make the controlling documents English. If genuine English at every stage is essential, IBKR Japan is the verified option.\nCrucially, NISA is a residents’ benefit: it generally cannot continue after you become non-resident, except a qualifying temporary-departure continuation filed in advance. If you may leave Japan, get the broker’s written departure procedure before building a large NISA balance, and remember Japanese eligibility does not replace home-country reporting.","url":"/en/investing/nisa-for-foreign-residents","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-for-dual-citizens:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-for-dual-citizens","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA for dual citizens","plainText":"Dual nationality does not by itself disqualify a Japan resident from NISA, but another country — most consequentially the US — may tax NISA income or require reporting, and a broker may restrict product access based on nationality or US-person status.\nJapanese NISA eligibility, other-country taxation, tax-residency declarations, FATCA-style reporting, and why nationality can affect product access.\nDual nationality alone does not disqualify a qualifying Japan resident from NISA.\nAnother country may tax NISA income or require account reporting.\nUS citizenship/tax residence is the most consequential: worldwide taxation plus PFIC/FBAR/8938.\nYou declare tax residencies; FATCA-style reporting can apply.\nA broker may restrict product access based on nationality or US-person status.\nJapanese eligibility\nFor NISA, what matters is Japanese residence, not the number of passports you hold. A dual citizen who is a qualifying Japan resident can open NISA on the same residence-based terms as anyone else, subject to the broker’s identity, tax-residency, sanctions, and product policies. Holding a second nationality does not, by itself, remove your Japanese NISA eligibility.\nThe complications come not from Japan’s rules but from your other country’s rules, which continue to apply to you regardless of where you live or invest.\nOther-country taxation and reporting\nYour other country of citizenship or tax residence may tax NISA income or require you to report the account. The most consequential example is the United States, which generally taxes citizens and resident aliens on worldwide income: NISA’s Japanese exemption gives no US exemption, Japanese mutual funds can create PFIC problems and Form 8621 obligations, and Japanese accounts including NISA can be reportable on FBAR and Form 8938.\nEven outside the US, some countries tax worldwide income, impose foreign-asset reporting, or have wealth taxes. So a dual citizen must check both Japan’s treatment and the other country’s treatment before assuming NISA is tax-free for them.\nProduct access and advice triggers\nNationality can affect product access at the broker level. You declare your tax residencies, and FATCA-style reporting may apply; a broker may restrict certain products based on nationality or US-person status — some prohibit US persons from foreign-stock trading, for example. These are commercial and regulatory policies layered on top of the residence-based NISA rule.\nThe practical trigger for professional advice is any second country with citizenship-based taxation, worldwide-income taxation, or foreign-asset reporting — above all US citizenship or green-card status. Before choosing NISA products, a dual citizen in that situation should get cross-border advice, because the right holdings depend on both tax systems.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-for-dual-citizens","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","guide:nisa-for-foreign-residents","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:pfic-japanese-funds"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-8621","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN)","url":"https://www.fincen.gov/report-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Dual nationality does not by itself disqualify a Japan resident from NISA, but another country — most consequentially the US — may tax NISA income or require reporting, and a broker may restrict product access based on nationality or US-person status.\nJapanese NISA eligibility, other-country taxation, tax-residency declarations, FATCA-style reporting, and why nationality can affect product access.\nDual nationality alone does not disqualify a qualifying Japan resident from NISA.\nAnother country may tax NISA income or require account reporting.\nUS citizenship/tax residence is the most consequential: worldwide taxation plus PFIC/FBAR/8938.\nYou declare tax residencies; FATCA-style reporting can apply.\nA broker may restrict product access based on nationality or US-person status.\nJapanese eligibility\nFor NISA, what matters is Japanese residence, not the number of passports you hold. A dual citizen who is a qualifying Japan resident can open NISA on the same residence-based terms as anyone else, subject to the broker’s identity, tax-residency, sanctions, and product policies. Holding a second nationality does not, by itself, remove your Japanese NISA eligibility.\nThe complications come not from Japan’s rules but from your other country’s rules, which continue to apply to you regardless of where you live or invest.\nOther-country taxation and reporting\nYour other country of citizenship or tax residence may tax NISA income or require you to report the account. The most consequential example is the United States, which generally taxes citizens and resident aliens on worldwide income: NISA’s Japanese exemption gives no US exemption, Japanese mutual funds can create PFIC problems and Form 8621 obligations, and Japanese accounts including NISA can be reportable on FBAR and Form 8938.\nEven outside the US, some countries tax worldwide income, impose foreign-asset reporting, or have wealth taxes. So a dual citizen must check both Japan’s treatment and the other country’s treatment before assuming NISA is tax-free for them.\nProduct access and advice triggers\nNationality can affect product access at the broker level. You declare your tax residencies, and FATCA-style reporting may apply; a broker may restrict certain products based on nationality or US-person status — some prohibit US persons from foreign-stock trading, for example. These are commercial and regulatory policies layered on top of the residence-based NISA rule.\nThe practical trigger for professional advice is any second country with citizenship-based taxation, worldwide-income taxation, or foreign-asset reporting — above all US citizenship or green-card status. Before choosing NISA products, a dual citizen in that situation should get cross-border advice, because the right holdings depend on both tax systems.","url":"/en/investing/nisa-for-dual-citizens","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-in-japan-complete-guide:en","entityId":"guide:investing-in-japan-complete-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing in Japan: complete beginner’s guide","plainText":"For most Japan residents, the sensible path is: build cash reserves and clear expensive debt, open NISA at a low-cost broker, automate one diversified low-cost index fund, and add iDeCo, individual stocks, or foreign products only once the core and tax admin are under control.\nWhy people invest, saving vs investing, the Japanese system (NISA, iDeCo, taxable), brokerages and products, and a beginner order of operations.\nInvesting follows a financial base: liquid reserves and repaying expensive debt come first.\nNISA is a tax wrapper (¥3.6m/year, ¥18m lifetime); iDeCo adds a deduction but locks funds.\nYou invest through a brokerage; most beginners use one broad low-cost index fund.\nA single global-equity fund diversifies across many countries with little maintenance.\nUS taxpayers and people leaving Japan need extra, specialist caution.\nWhy invest, and in what order\nSaving preserves nominal yen and provides liquidity; investing exchanges certainty for the possibility of growth, at the cost of fluctuating value and no principal guarantee. Cash is right for emergencies and near-term spending, but over long periods its purchasing power can erode to inflation, which is the main case for investing money you will not need for years.\nA sensible order of operations for most residents: (1) maintain enough liquid cash for foreseeable expenses; (2) repay expensive debt; (3) capture any employer match or unusually good corporate pension; (4) open a low-cost brokerage and NISA; (5) automate a sustainable monthly purchase of one diversified index fund; (6) consider iDeCo once you understand its deduction, lock-up, and retirement taxation; (7) add individual stocks or foreign products only after the core and tax admin are under control.\nThe Japanese investment system\nYou invest through a securities company (brokerage), inside one of a few account types. NISA is a tax-free wrapper: since 2024 it allows ¥1.2m recurring plus ¥2.4m growth per year, an ¥18m lifetime limit, and indefinitely tax-free qualifying gains — usually the first account to fund. A taxable \"specified\" account holds anything beyond NISA, taxed at 20.315% but with loss offsets. iDeCo is a private pension: contributions are deductible, but money is locked until retirement age.\nInside the account, most beginners research broad, low-fee index funds (all-country or S&P 500 trackers) rather than individual stocks. A single global fund can be a complete equity core; adding bonds or cash lowers volatility according to how much loss you can tolerate.\nCautions and where to go next\nTwo cross-border cautions matter most. US citizens and green-card holders face PFIC reporting problems with Japanese funds and should get specialist advice before buying. And NISA is a residents’ benefit — leaving Japan generally means you cannot continue it, so plan the exit before building a large balance. Everyone should also treat tax-free as not risk-free: investments in NISA can and do fall.\nFrom here, the cluster’s other pages go deeper: how to start, saving vs investing, risk, diversification, compounding, the full NISA guide, accounts and taxes, product categories, broker comparisons, and pages for foreign residents and US taxpayers. Follow the beginner path first, then explore the topic that fits your next decision.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investing-in-japan-complete-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:what-is-nisa","guide:investing-for-beginners","guide:investment-products-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"For most Japan residents, the sensible path is: build cash reserves and clear expensive debt, open NISA at a low-cost broker, automate one diversified low-cost index fund, and add iDeCo, individual stocks, or foreign products only once the core and tax admin are under control.\nWhy people invest, saving vs investing, the Japanese system (NISA, iDeCo, taxable), brokerages and products, and a beginner order of operations.\nInvesting follows a financial base: liquid reserves and repaying expensive debt come first.\nNISA is a tax wrapper (¥3.6m/year, ¥18m lifetime); iDeCo adds a deduction but locks funds.\nYou invest through a brokerage; most beginners use one broad low-cost index fund.\nA single global-equity fund diversifies across many countries with little maintenance.\nUS taxpayers and people leaving Japan need extra, specialist caution.\nWhy invest, and in what order\nSaving preserves nominal yen and provides liquidity; investing exchanges certainty for the possibility of growth, at the cost of fluctuating value and no principal guarantee. Cash is right for emergencies and near-term spending, but over long periods its purchasing power can erode to inflation, which is the main case for investing money you will not need for years.\nA sensible order of operations for most residents: (1) maintain enough liquid cash for foreseeable expenses; (2) repay expensive debt; (3) capture any employer match or unusually good corporate pension; (4) open a low-cost brokerage and NISA; (5) automate a sustainable monthly purchase of one diversified index fund; (6) consider iDeCo once you understand its deduction, lock-up, and retirement taxation; (7) add individual stocks or foreign products only after the core and tax admin are under control.\nThe Japanese investment system\nYou invest through a securities company (brokerage), inside one of a few account types. NISA is a tax-free wrapper: since 2024 it allows ¥1.2m recurring plus ¥2.4m growth per year, an ¥18m lifetime limit, and indefinitely tax-free qualifying gains — usually the first account to fund. A taxable \"specified\" account holds anything beyond NISA, taxed at 20.315% but with loss offsets. iDeCo is a private pension: contributions are deductible, but money is locked until retirement age.\nInside the account, most beginners research broad, low-fee index funds (all-country or S&P 500 trackers) rather than individual stocks. A single global fund can be a complete equity core; adding bonds or cash lowers volatility according to how much loss you can tolerate.\nCautions and where to go next\nTwo cross-border cautions matter most. US citizens and green-card holders face PFIC reporting problems with Japanese funds and should get specialist advice before buying. And NISA is a residents’ benefit — leaving Japan generally means you cannot continue it, so plan the exit before building a large balance. Everyone should also treat tax-free as not risk-free: investments in NISA can and do fall.\nFrom here, the cluster’s other pages go deeper: how to start, saving vs investing, risk, diversification, compounding, the full NISA guide, accounts and taxes, product categories, broker comparisons, and pages for foreign residents and US taxpayers. Follow the beginner path first, then explore the topic that fits your next decision.","url":"/en/investing/investing-in-japan-complete-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-methodology:en","entityId":"guide:investing-methodology","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing research sources and methodology","plainText":"This research prioritises official regulator, government, and first-party sources; compares providers on standardized dimensions under stated assumptions rather than declaring a universal \"best\"; separates facts from editorial analysis; and refuses to fabricate missing point-in-time data.\nSource priority, how rankings and fees are compared, how facts and editorial analysis are separated, update frequency, and missing-data handling.\nSource priority: FSA, NTA, MHLW, MOF, JSDA, official provider docs, prospectuses, and US government tax sources.\n\"Best\" means best under stated assumptions, not universally best.\nFacts, calculations, and editorial analysis are kept separate.\nVolatile figures (fees, rates) carry a verification date and should be rechecked.\nMissing point-in-time data is not fabricated to fill fields.\nSource priority\nThe research prioritises primary and official material: Japan’s Financial Services Agency (FSA), National Tax Agency (NTA), Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), Ministry of Finance (MOF), the Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA), official brokerage documents, official fund prospectuses, and United States government tax sources such as the IRS and FinCEN for US-taxpayer topics. Registration facts are checked against the FSA operator registry and JSDA membership.\nProvider and product inventories are broad but not claimed to be exhaustive, and none of this is individualized investment, legal, or tax advice. Where a claim depends on a source, the source is cited with an access or verification date.\nHow comparisons and fees are handled\nRankings assume a defined customer — an individual Japan resident trading online, using NISA and a specified account, making monthly purchases, and valuing low all-in cost, breadth, tax support, and security. Under different assumptions the answers change, so \"best\" always means best under those stated assumptions, never universally best. Promotional point rates receive low weight because they change and can be outweighed by card fees.\nFees are compared as a whole stack — commissions, FX spreads, fund expenses, fractional-share spreads, transfer fees — not just the headline commission, because \"zero commission\" does not mean zero cost. Performance, where discussed, is compared only against a fund’s benchmark over matching periods, never used to rank funds by recent return.\nFacts vs analysis, and missing data\nFacts, calculations, and editorial analysis are kept separate. A rule (for example a NISA limit) is a sourced fact; a compounding table is a labelled calculation, not a forecast; a \"best fit\" statement is editorial analysis under stated assumptions. Volatile figures — fees, point rates, provider features — carry a verification date and should be rechecked before you act, since they change.\nWhen point-in-time data (current assets, net asset value, trailing performance, volatility, or maximum drawdown) is not available from an official verified series, it is not fabricated to fill a field. Instead the page points you to the current prospectus, monthly report, and benchmark methodology. The update log records material changes with a date and source.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investing-methodology","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-data-updates","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:check-broker-license-and-scams"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA)","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"This research prioritises official regulator, government, and first-party sources; compares providers on standardized dimensions under stated assumptions rather than declaring a universal \"best\"; separates facts from editorial analysis; and refuses to fabricate missing point-in-time data.\nSource priority, how rankings and fees are compared, how facts and editorial analysis are separated, update frequency, and missing-data handling.\nSource priority: FSA, NTA, MHLW, MOF, JSDA, official provider docs, prospectuses, and US government tax sources.\n\"Best\" means best under stated assumptions, not universally best.\nFacts, calculations, and editorial analysis are kept separate.\nVolatile figures (fees, rates) carry a verification date and should be rechecked.\nMissing point-in-time data is not fabricated to fill fields.\nSource priority\nThe research prioritises primary and official material: Japan’s Financial Services Agency (FSA), National Tax Agency (NTA), Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), Ministry of Finance (MOF), the Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA), official brokerage documents, official fund prospectuses, and United States government tax sources such as the IRS and FinCEN for US-taxpayer topics. Registration facts are checked against the FSA operator registry and JSDA membership.\nProvider and product inventories are broad but not claimed to be exhaustive, and none of this is individualized investment, legal, or tax advice. Where a claim depends on a source, the source is cited with an access or verification date.\nHow comparisons and fees are handled\nRankings assume a defined customer — an individual Japan resident trading online, using NISA and a specified account, making monthly purchases, and valuing low all-in cost, breadth, tax support, and security. Under different assumptions the answers change, so \"best\" always means best under those stated assumptions, never universally best. Promotional point rates receive low weight because they change and can be outweighed by card fees.\nFees are compared as a whole stack — commissions, FX spreads, fund expenses, fractional-share spreads, transfer fees — not just the headline commission, because \"zero commission\" does not mean zero cost. Performance, where discussed, is compared only against a fund’s benchmark over matching periods, never used to rank funds by recent return.\nFacts vs analysis, and missing data\nFacts, calculations, and editorial analysis are kept separate. A rule (for example a NISA limit) is a sourced fact; a compounding table is a labelled calculation, not a forecast; a \"best fit\" statement is editorial analysis under stated assumptions. Volatile figures — fees, point rates, provider features — carry a verification date and should be rechecked before you act, since they change.\nWhen point-in-time data (current assets, net asset value, trailing performance, volatility, or maximum drawdown) is not available from an official verified series, it is not fabricated to fill a field. Instead the page points you to the current prospectus, monthly report, and benchmark methodology. The update log records material changes with a date and source.","url":"/en/investing/investing-methodology","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-data-updates:en","entityId":"guide:investing-data-updates","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing data update log","plainText":"This log tracks material changes to the facts behind the investing pages — NISA rule changes, brokerage fee changes, card-program changes, product additions and closures, and iDeCo reforms — each with a date and source, so readers can see the information is actively maintained.\nWhat changes are tracked — NISA rules, brokerage fees, card programs, product additions/closures, iDeCo reforms — and why active maintenance matters.\nFinancial facts change: NISA rules, fees, card rates, product lineups, and iDeCo limits.\nMaterial changes are logged with a date and source, not silently overwritten.\nScheduled iDeCo changes from December 2026 must be verified on their effective dates.\nPromotional and fee data should be rechecked before acting; features expire faster than definitions.\nActive maintenance is evidence of reliability for both readers and answer engines.\nWhat this log tracks\nPersonal-finance facts are not static. This log exists to record material changes to the data behind the investing pages: NISA rule changes, brokerage fee and FX changes, credit-card and point-program changes, product additions and closures, and iDeCo and pension reforms. Each material update should carry the date it took effect and the source that confirms it, so a reader can distinguish current rules from superseded ones.\nThe point is transparency about freshness. A page that looks authoritative but silently carries an old fee or an expired NISA rule is misleading; a dated, sourced change record lets you trust what is current and see when it was last confirmed.\nKnown upcoming changes\nSome changes are already scheduled and should be verified on their effective dates rather than treated as current. Notably, iDeCo reforms from December 2026 broaden some contribution limits; anyone enrolling around that date should confirm the implemented figures. Future age-related NISA amendments and cryptoasset regulatory or tax changes should likewise be rechecked when they take effect.\nBecause these are forward-looking, pages describing them flag that the pre-change figures are not the implemented rules. Treat any \"scheduled\" reform as pending until its effective date, and reverify before relying on it.\nWhat to recheck, and how often\nDifferent facts age at different speeds. Promotional and fee data (point rates, campaign terms, exact commissions) change fastest and should be rechecked immediately before opening an account or placing a trade. Account features and product lineups change more slowly but still need periodic review. Stable educational definitions (what a PFIC is, how compounding works) change rarely.\nSo before you act on any specific number — a fee, a point rate, a NISA limit, a provider feature — confirm it against the official source, even if a page states it. The educational explanations here are durable; the volatile figures are snapshots that this log and the verification dates on each page help you keep current.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/investing-data-updates","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-methodology","guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"This log tracks material changes to the facts behind the investing pages — NISA rule changes, brokerage fee changes, card-program changes, product additions and closures, and iDeCo reforms — each with a date and source, so readers can see the information is actively maintained.\nWhat changes are tracked — NISA rules, brokerage fees, card programs, product additions/closures, iDeCo reforms — and why active maintenance matters.\nFinancial facts change: NISA rules, fees, card rates, product lineups, and iDeCo limits.\nMaterial changes are logged with a date and source, not silently overwritten.\nScheduled iDeCo changes from December 2026 must be verified on their effective dates.\nPromotional and fee data should be rechecked before acting; features expire faster than definitions.\nActive maintenance is evidence of reliability for both readers and answer engines.\nWhat this log tracks\nPersonal-finance facts are not static. This log exists to record material changes to the data behind the investing pages: NISA rule changes, brokerage fee and FX changes, credit-card and point-program changes, product additions and closures, and iDeCo and pension reforms. Each material update should carry the date it took effect and the source that confirms it, so a reader can distinguish current rules from superseded ones.\nThe point is transparency about freshness. A page that looks authoritative but silently carries an old fee or an expired NISA rule is misleading; a dated, sourced change record lets you trust what is current and see when it was last confirmed.\nKnown upcoming changes\nSome changes are already scheduled and should be verified on their effective dates rather than treated as current. Notably, iDeCo reforms from December 2026 broaden some contribution limits; anyone enrolling around that date should confirm the implemented figures. Future age-related NISA amendments and cryptoasset regulatory or tax changes should likewise be rechecked when they take effect.\nBecause these are forward-looking, pages describing them flag that the pre-change figures are not the implemented rules. Treat any \"scheduled\" reform as pending until its effective date, and reverify before relying on it.\nWhat to recheck, and how often\nDifferent facts age at different speeds. Promotional and fee data (point rates, campaign terms, exact commissions) change fastest and should be rechecked immediately before opening an account or placing a trade. Account features and product lineups change more slowly but still need periodic review. Stable educational definitions (what a PFIC is, how compounding works) change rarely.\nSo before you act on any specific number — a fee, a point rate, a NISA limit, a provider feature — confirm it against the official source, even if a page states it. The educational explanations here are durable; the volatile figures are snapshots that this log and the verification dates on each page help you keep current.","url":"/en/investing/investing-data-updates","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:buying-property-japan:en","entityId":"guide:buying-property-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Complete guide to buying property in Japan","plainText":"Buying is a multi-stage process — budget, preapproval, search, offer, important-matters explanation, contract, final approval, inspection, closing — and needs roughly 6–10% of the price in cash on top of the down payment.\nBudget, financing, agents, contracts, inspections, taxes, and ownership — the full journey from first budget to keys and beyond.\nSet three ceilings first: purchase price, monthly housing outflow, and minimum post-closing cash reserve.\nGet preapproval before you make an offer, and draft the financing-condition clause carefully.\nBudget 6–10% of the price for closing costs on top of the down payment.\nA portal listing is discovery, not diligence — verify title, legality, condition, and hazards.\nThe purchase journey, stage by stage\nA Japanese property purchase runs through a predictable sequence: set a budget, obtain preliminary mortgage screening, choose an area, search portals and agents, view repeatedly, submit a purchase application (買付証明書), review the explanation of important matters (重要事項説明), sign the purchase agreement and pay earnest money (手付金), complete final mortgage approval, inspect, and close with registration by a judicial scrivener (司法書士). Each stage has its own documents, deadlines, and ways to fail, so treat it as a project rather than a single decision.\nApproval in Japan is both borrower-specific and property-specific. A strong applicant can still be declined because of leasehold terms, legality, floor area, location, age, structural condition, rebuildability, or weak collateral value. Line up your own finances and the property’s legal and physical facts in parallel.\nBudget before you view\nSet three ceilings before viewing anything: a maximum purchase price, a maximum monthly housing outflow, and a minimum cash reserve you will still hold after closing. Monthly housing outflow is more than the mortgage — it includes fixed-asset and city-planning tax, condominium management and repair-reserve fees, insurance, parking, utilities, and owner-funded repairs. A house shifts roof, exterior, drainage, and structural repair costs onto you directly.\nThe lender’s maximum is not a household recommendation. Flat 35’s published framework generally caps total annual debt repayments at 30% of income below ¥4 million and 35% at ¥4 million or more, but a prudent household usually targets a lower ratio after tax, childcare, pension, maintenance, and possible rate increases.\nFinancing, contract, and the financing clause\nObtain preapproval (事前審査) before making an offer so you know your realistic budget and can act quickly. When you sign, the financing-condition clause (住宅ローン特約) should name the lender, amount, application and approval deadlines, and state whether the deposit is refundable if financing fails under the clause. Do not sign a sale contract before you understand this clause — it is the single most important protection for a mortgage buyer.\nThe explanation of important matters (重要事項説明) is delivered by a licensed transaction specialist and covers title, legal restrictions, road access, utilities, disaster information, leasehold, management, deposits, and cancellation. Obtain the documents early rather than seeing them for the first time immediately before signing.\nInspect, close, and what comes after\nFor a used home, commission an independent qualified inspector where practical. A registered existing-home condition inspector (建物状況調査) examines visible and measurable deterioration, but the framework does not guarantee the property is defect-free, and a lender appraisal is not a structural inspection. At closing the buyer pays the balance, the lender disburses, keys and possession transfer, and the judicial scrivener files ownership and mortgage registrations — confirm vacant possession, utilities, prorated taxes and fees, and no unexpected encumbrances.\nAfter moving in, file any tax claims (including the first-year mortgage-deduction return), change your address, retain the contract and cost evidence, note defect-notification deadlines, establish a repair reserve, and review insurance annually.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/buying-property-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-buy-foreigner","faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-earnest-money-size","faq:loan-financing-clause"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:mortgages-japan","guide:property-buying-checklist","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:rent-vs-buy-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Buying is a multi-stage process — budget, preapproval, search, offer, important-matters explanation, contract, final approval, inspection, closing — and needs roughly 6–10% of the price in cash on top of the down payment.\nBudget, financing, agents, contracts, inspections, taxes, and ownership — the full journey from first budget to keys and beyond.\nSet three ceilings first: purchase price, monthly housing outflow, and minimum post-closing cash reserve.\nGet preapproval before you make an offer, and draft the financing-condition clause carefully.\nBudget 6–10% of the price for closing costs on top of the down payment.\nA portal listing is discovery, not diligence — verify title, legality, condition, and hazards.\nThe purchase journey, stage by stage\nA Japanese property purchase runs through a predictable sequence: set a budget, obtain preliminary mortgage screening, choose an area, search portals and agents, view repeatedly, submit a purchase application (買付証明書), review the explanation of important matters (重要事項説明), sign the purchase agreement and pay earnest money (手付金), complete final mortgage approval, inspect, and close with registration by a judicial scrivener (司法書士). Each stage has its own documents, deadlines, and ways to fail, so treat it as a project rather than a single decision.\nApproval in Japan is both borrower-specific and property-specific. A strong applicant can still be declined because of leasehold terms, legality, floor area, location, age, structural condition, rebuildability, or weak collateral value. Line up your own finances and the property’s legal and physical facts in parallel.\nBudget before you view\nSet three ceilings before viewing anything: a maximum purchase price, a maximum monthly housing outflow, and a minimum cash reserve you will still hold after closing. Monthly housing outflow is more than the mortgage — it includes fixed-asset and city-planning tax, condominium management and repair-reserve fees, insurance, parking, utilities, and owner-funded repairs. A house shifts roof, exterior, drainage, and structural repair costs onto you directly.\nThe lender’s maximum is not a household recommendation. Flat 35’s published framework generally caps total annual debt repayments at 30% of income below ¥4 million and 35% at ¥4 million or more, but a prudent household usually targets a lower ratio after tax, childcare, pension, maintenance, and possible rate increases.\nFinancing, contract, and the financing clause\nObtain preapproval (事前審査) before making an offer so you know your realistic budget and can act quickly. When you sign, the financing-condition clause (住宅ローン特約) should name the lender, amount, application and approval deadlines, and state whether the deposit is refundable if financing fails under the clause. Do not sign a sale contract before you understand this clause — it is the single most important protection for a mortgage buyer.\nThe explanation of important matters (重要事項説明) is delivered by a licensed transaction specialist and covers title, legal restrictions, road access, utilities, disaster information, leasehold, management, deposits, and cancellation. Obtain the documents early rather than seeing them for the first time immediately before signing.\nInspect, close, and what comes after\nFor a used home, commission an independent qualified inspector where practical. A registered existing-home condition inspector (建物状況調査) examines visible and measurable deterioration, but the framework does not guarantee the property is defect-free, and a lender appraisal is not a structural inspection. At closing the buyer pays the balance, the lender disburses, keys and possession transfer, and the judicial scrivener files ownership and mortgage registrations — confirm vacant possession, utilities, prorated taxes and fees, and no unexpected encumbrances.\nAfter moving in, file any tax claims (including the first-year mortgage-deduction return), change your address, retain the contract and cost evidence, note defect-notification deadlines, establish a repair reserve, and review insurance annually.","url":"/en/loans/buying-property-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgages-japan:en","entityId":"guide:mortgages-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Complete guide to mortgages in Japan","plainText":"A Japanese mortgage is decided by your income and stability, your credit records, and the property — and the cheapest loan is the one with the lowest all-in cost over your holding period, not the lowest headline rate.\nEligibility, mortgage types, rates, fees, underwriting, lenders, and the application process — how home loans actually work in a higher-rate Japan.\nLenders weigh stable employment, income, age, credit records, health for group credit life insurance, and the property.\nThe core choice is fixed vs variable; variable now requires a genuine 2–3 point stress test.\nCompare the execution rate, 2.2% origination fee, guarantee fee, insurance additions, and early-repayment costs — not just the rate.\nJapan has left the near-zero era: the BoJ guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026 and prime rates have risen.\nA different rate environment\nJapan has entered a materially different interest-rate environment from the near-zero years. The Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% after its June 2026 decision, and the average uncollateralized overnight call rate was roughly 0.977% at the end of July 2026. Major lenders have announced or implemented higher short-term prime rates and mortgage reference rates — Mizuho, for example, published that new variable borrowing shown from about 1.025% would rise to 1.275% or more from January 2027. Model the announced future payment, not only today’s teaser.\nEligibility: what lenders weigh\nUnderwriting assesses income, employment stability, age, debt, repayment history, household obligations, health for group credit life insurance (団信), the property’s value and legality, and your documentation. A permanent salaried employee with several years of stable Japanese taxable income presents the simplest file; contract, probationary, commission-heavy, self-employed, and company-owner applicants may need more history and be assessed on normalized income.\nCheck your own credit records at CIC and JICC before applying. Japan has no single public credit score; lenders pull from designated credit-information organizations and apply proprietary rules. CIC records application inquiries for six months and contract/payment data generally through the contract and up to five years after it ends. Avoid repeated applications and new debt in the run-up to a mortgage.\nTypes, rates, and fees\nThe main product families are the fully fixed Flat 35, variable-rate loans, fixed-period (e.g. 10-year fixed-selection) loans, and mixed-rate loans, plus structures for couples (pair loans, income combination, joint-debtor, parent-child relay). Fixed removes interest-rate risk at a higher initial cost; variable is cheaper now but shifts rate risk to you. Choose variable only if the household survives a 2–3 point stress without selling.\nBeyond the rate, the true cost includes a frequently 2.20% origination fee (¥1.10 million on a ¥50 million loan), a guarantee fee (upfront, rate-loaded, or absent), appraisal, registration and license tax, judicial-scrivener fees, group credit life insurance, optional riders, and any early-repayment charge. A nominally lower rate can be the more expensive loan for someone who sells or refinances after a few years.\nThe application process\nPreapproval (事前審査) is an initial screening on stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property information — not a promise to lend. Final approval (本審査) is full underwriting after detailed documents and property checks, and it can still fail if documents differ, the appraisal is weak, insurance is unavailable, employment changes, new debt appears, or the property is ineligible. Ask each lender for a dated document showing the execution-month rate, permanent discount margin, LTV and term surcharges, fee schedule, insurance options, required document lists, decision time, validity period, and English support, then compare the internal cost over your expected ownership period.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgages-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-preapproval-final"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:borrowing-guide","guide:mortgage-rates","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:flat-35","guide:foreigners-buying-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A Japanese mortgage is decided by your income and stability, your credit records, and the property — and the cheapest loan is the one with the lowest all-in cost over your holding period, not the lowest headline rate.\nEligibility, mortgage types, rates, fees, underwriting, lenders, and the application process — how home loans actually work in a higher-rate Japan.\nLenders weigh stable employment, income, age, credit records, health for group credit life insurance, and the property.\nThe core choice is fixed vs variable; variable now requires a genuine 2–3 point stress test.\nCompare the execution rate, 2.2% origination fee, guarantee fee, insurance additions, and early-repayment costs — not just the rate.\nJapan has left the near-zero era: the BoJ guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026 and prime rates have risen.\nA different rate environment\nJapan has entered a materially different interest-rate environment from the near-zero years. The Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% after its June 2026 decision, and the average uncollateralized overnight call rate was roughly 0.977% at the end of July 2026. Major lenders have announced or implemented higher short-term prime rates and mortgage reference rates — Mizuho, for example, published that new variable borrowing shown from about 1.025% would rise to 1.275% or more from January 2027. Model the announced future payment, not only today’s teaser.\nEligibility: what lenders weigh\nUnderwriting assesses income, employment stability, age, debt, repayment history, household obligations, health for group credit life insurance (団信), the property’s value and legality, and your documentation. A permanent salaried employee with several years of stable Japanese taxable income presents the simplest file; contract, probationary, commission-heavy, self-employed, and company-owner applicants may need more history and be assessed on normalized income.\nCheck your own credit records at CIC and JICC before applying. Japan has no single public credit score; lenders pull from designated credit-information organizations and apply proprietary rules. CIC records application inquiries for six months and contract/payment data generally through the contract and up to five years after it ends. Avoid repeated applications and new debt in the run-up to a mortgage.\nTypes, rates, and fees\nThe main product families are the fully fixed Flat 35, variable-rate loans, fixed-period (e.g. 10-year fixed-selection) loans, and mixed-rate loans, plus structures for couples (pair loans, income combination, joint-debtor, parent-child relay). Fixed removes interest-rate risk at a higher initial cost; variable is cheaper now but shifts rate risk to you. Choose variable only if the household survives a 2–3 point stress without selling.\nBeyond the rate, the true cost includes a frequently 2.20% origination fee (¥1.10 million on a ¥50 million loan), a guarantee fee (upfront, rate-loaded, or absent), appraisal, registration and license tax, judicial-scrivener fees, group credit life insurance, optional riders, and any early-repayment charge. A nominally lower rate can be the more expensive loan for someone who sells or refinances after a few years.\nThe application process\nPreapproval (事前審査) is an initial screening on stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property information — not a promise to lend. Final approval (本審査) is full underwriting after detailed documents and property checks, and it can still fail if documents differ, the appraisal is weak, insurance is unavailable, employment changes, new debt appears, or the property is ineligible. Ask each lender for a dated document showing the execution-month rate, permanent discount margin, LTV and term surcharges, fee schedule, insurance options, required document lists, decision time, validity period, and English support, then compare the internal cost over your expected ownership period.","url":"/en/loans/mortgages-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:borrowing-guide:en","entityId":"guide:borrowing-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Loans in Japan: a beginner’s guide","plainText":"Borrowing is safe when it is secured, purposeful, and repayable from stable income; it is dangerous when it funds a recurring living deficit or a long-lived asset with short-term high-rate debt.\nLoan terminology, loan categories, credit checks, and the difference between safe and unsafe borrowing in Japan.\nPrincipal, interest, term, and repayment method together determine total cost — not the rate alone.\nSecured loans (mortgages) are cheaper and longer; card and consumer loans are far more expensive.\nJapan has no single credit score; lenders pull CIC/JICC records and apply their own rules.\nMoneylender borrowing is generally capped at one-third of annual income; bank and housing loans sit outside that rule.\nThe core terms\nPrincipal (元金) is the amount borrowed before interest and fees. Interest (利息) is the price of using money, calculated on the outstanding balance at a nominal annual rate. The loan term (借入期間) is the repayment period — a longer term lowers the monthly payment but usually raises total interest and may carry a surcharge. Amortization (返済予定) is how each payment splits between interest and principal; on a level-payment loan, early payments are mostly interest because the balance is largest at the start.\nLevel principal-and-interest (元利均等返済) keeps the scheduled payment level until a reset; level principal (元金均等返済) repays the same principal each month so payments start higher and fall, saving total interest but not offered by every lender. A balloon payment is a large lump sum due later and is dangerous when the borrower assumes refinancing or resale will always be available.\nCategories of borrowing\nMortgages and secured real-estate loans carry collateral risk but usually the lowest rates and longest terms. Card loans and consumer loans do not normally require a registered mortgage but carry much higher, often double-digit, rates and should never finance a long-lived asset or a recurring living deficit. Auto and education loans are purpose-specific; business loans for sole proprietors fund working capital or equipment. Each has an appropriate use and a characteristic danger — the point is to match the loan’s term and cost to the life of what it buys.\nCredit checks and borrowing limits\nLenders assess income, stability, debt, repayment history, age, and — for mortgages — health for group credit life insurance and the property. Japan does not operate one universal consumer credit score; credit-information organizations (CIC, JICC) hold application inquiries, contracts, repayment, and delinquency records, and consumers can request their own disclosures. Loans from licensed moneylenders are generally subject to the aggregate borrowing limit under the Money Lending Business Act — new moneylender borrowing is normally restricted once covered balances exceed one-third of annual income — while bank lending and qualifying housing loans sit outside that statutory total-volume rule, though banks still run their own affordability checks.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/borrowing-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured","faq:loan-onethird-rule","faq:loan-total-cost"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-loans-work","guide:credit-records-japan","guide:consumer-loans","guide:secured-vs-unsecured"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JICC","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Borrowing is safe when it is secured, purposeful, and repayable from stable income; it is dangerous when it funds a recurring living deficit or a long-lived asset with short-term high-rate debt.\nLoan terminology, loan categories, credit checks, and the difference between safe and unsafe borrowing in Japan.\nPrincipal, interest, term, and repayment method together determine total cost — not the rate alone.\nSecured loans (mortgages) are cheaper and longer; card and consumer loans are far more expensive.\nJapan has no single credit score; lenders pull CIC/JICC records and apply their own rules.\nMoneylender borrowing is generally capped at one-third of annual income; bank and housing loans sit outside that rule.\nThe core terms\nPrincipal (元金) is the amount borrowed before interest and fees. Interest (利息) is the price of using money, calculated on the outstanding balance at a nominal annual rate. The loan term (借入期間) is the repayment period — a longer term lowers the monthly payment but usually raises total interest and may carry a surcharge. Amortization (返済予定) is how each payment splits between interest and principal; on a level-payment loan, early payments are mostly interest because the balance is largest at the start.\nLevel principal-and-interest (元利均等返済) keeps the scheduled payment level until a reset; level principal (元金均等返済) repays the same principal each month so payments start higher and fall, saving total interest but not offered by every lender. A balloon payment is a large lump sum due later and is dangerous when the borrower assumes refinancing or resale will always be available.\nCategories of borrowing\nMortgages and secured real-estate loans carry collateral risk but usually the lowest rates and longest terms. Card loans and consumer loans do not normally require a registered mortgage but carry much higher, often double-digit, rates and should never finance a long-lived asset or a recurring living deficit. Auto and education loans are purpose-specific; business loans for sole proprietors fund working capital or equipment. Each has an appropriate use and a characteristic danger — the point is to match the loan’s term and cost to the life of what it buys.\nCredit checks and borrowing limits\nLenders assess income, stability, debt, repayment history, age, and — for mortgages — health for group credit life insurance and the property. Japan does not operate one universal consumer credit score; credit-information organizations (CIC, JICC) hold application inquiries, contracts, repayment, and delinquency records, and consumers can request their own disclosures. Loans from licensed moneylenders are generally subject to the aggregate borrowing limit under the Money Lending Business Act — new moneylender borrowing is normally restricted once covered balances exceed one-third of annual income — while bank lending and qualifying housing loans sit outside that statutory total-volume rule, though banks still run their own affordability checks.","url":"/en/loans/borrowing-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreigners-buying-property:en","entityId":"guide:foreigners-buying-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Buying property in Japan as a foreigner","plainText":"Foreigners can generally own Japanese property regardless of nationality; the constraint is financing, where permanent residence is the easiest route but not universally mandatory — specialist lenders serve some non-PR residents.\nOwnership versus financing, permanent-residence and non-PR routes, documents, language, and source-of-funds — the foreign-resident playbook.\nOwnership eligibility and mortgage eligibility are separate — owning is easy, financing is the hurdle.\nPR broadly opens mainstream lenders; without it, expect stricter terms or specialist routes.\nPRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, and Suruga Bank publish products or support for certain non-PR residents.\nPrepare multi-year tax records, employment evidence, source-of-funds proof, and a residence/repayment continuity story.\nOwnership versus financing\nCitizenship does not generally prevent a foreigner from owning land or buildings in Japan — ownership eligibility and mortgage eligibility are separate questions. A cash buyer can still face bank-account, identity, tax-agent, remittance, sanctions, registration, and ongoing-management requirements, and a nonresident buying from abroad needs a tax agent and careful source-of-funds handling. Ordinary residential mortgages, by contrast, generally require residence in Japan and actual owner occupancy.\nPR and non-PR routes\nPermanent residence remains the easiest foreign-resident route because PR holders are often treated much like Japanese applicants for nationality eligibility, though language and documentation requirements remain. Without PR, a non-permanent resident with a Japanese spouse or guarantor may be considered by some banks; a non-PR applicant without a Japanese spouse faces fewer lenders and may need stronger income, employer, Japanese-language, down-payment, and long-term residence evidence. A nonresident living abroad generally cannot obtain an ordinary owner-occupier mortgage; specialist investment or cross-border finance may exist at higher cost and lower LTV.\nA practical non-PR lender sequence is: employer or developer partner bank, then PRESTIA (English support, up to ¥500 million, no guarantee fee, purchase and refinance), Tokyo Star Bank (a Star Mortgage expressly marketed to foreign nationals without PR), Suruga Bank (a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents), a regional or relationship bank, a Flat 35 provider if nationality/residence eligibility is met, and then specialist secured or investment finance. Weigh the non-PR premium against the cost and uncertainty of waiting for PR.\nBuilding a strong file\nA strong foreign-resident mortgage file contains: residence card, passport, resident record, and My Number-related tax documents as requested; PR documentation or a clear explanation of visa category, renewals, and any Japanese spouse or guarantor; Japanese tax certificates and income records for multiple years; an employment certificate, contract, tenure, role, and salary-deposit evidence; full disclosure of domestic and overseas debts; proof of the down payment and source of funds, including translated overseas bank statements where required; Japanese-language capability or an accepted interpreter arrangement; property documents, purchase contract, and important-matters explanation; a written explanation of long-term residence and repayment continuity where requested; and a contingency plan for transfer overseas, loss of visa, divorce, or departure from Japan.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/foreigners-buying-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-buy-foreigner","faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-pr-mandatory","faq:loan-english-support"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:mortgage-income-documents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Suruga Bank","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Foreigners can generally own Japanese property regardless of nationality; the constraint is financing, where permanent residence is the easiest route but not universally mandatory — specialist lenders serve some non-PR residents.\nOwnership versus financing, permanent-residence and non-PR routes, documents, language, and source-of-funds — the foreign-resident playbook.\nOwnership eligibility and mortgage eligibility are separate — owning is easy, financing is the hurdle.\nPR broadly opens mainstream lenders; without it, expect stricter terms or specialist routes.\nPRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, and Suruga Bank publish products or support for certain non-PR residents.\nPrepare multi-year tax records, employment evidence, source-of-funds proof, and a residence/repayment continuity story.\nOwnership versus financing\nCitizenship does not generally prevent a foreigner from owning land or buildings in Japan — ownership eligibility and mortgage eligibility are separate questions. A cash buyer can still face bank-account, identity, tax-agent, remittance, sanctions, registration, and ongoing-management requirements, and a nonresident buying from abroad needs a tax agent and careful source-of-funds handling. Ordinary residential mortgages, by contrast, generally require residence in Japan and actual owner occupancy.\nPR and non-PR routes\nPermanent residence remains the easiest foreign-resident route because PR holders are often treated much like Japanese applicants for nationality eligibility, though language and documentation requirements remain. Without PR, a non-permanent resident with a Japanese spouse or guarantor may be considered by some banks; a non-PR applicant without a Japanese spouse faces fewer lenders and may need stronger income, employer, Japanese-language, down-payment, and long-term residence evidence. A nonresident living abroad generally cannot obtain an ordinary owner-occupier mortgage; specialist investment or cross-border finance may exist at higher cost and lower LTV.\nA practical non-PR lender sequence is: employer or developer partner bank, then PRESTIA (English support, up to ¥500 million, no guarantee fee, purchase and refinance), Tokyo Star Bank (a Star Mortgage expressly marketed to foreign nationals without PR), Suruga Bank (a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents), a regional or relationship bank, a Flat 35 provider if nationality/residence eligibility is met, and then specialist secured or investment finance. Weigh the non-PR premium against the cost and uncertainty of waiting for PR.\nBuilding a strong file\nA strong foreign-resident mortgage file contains: residence card, passport, resident record, and My Number-related tax documents as requested; PR documentation or a clear explanation of visa category, renewals, and any Japanese spouse or guarantor; Japanese tax certificates and income records for multiple years; an employment certificate, contract, tenure, role, and salary-deposit evidence; full disclosure of domestic and overseas debts; proof of the down payment and source of funds, including translated overseas bank statements where required; Japanese-language capability or an accepted interpreter arrangement; property documents, purchase contract, and important-matters explanation; a written explanation of long-term residence and repayment continuity where requested; and a contingency plan for transfer overseas, loss of visa, divorce, or departure from Japan.","url":"/en/loans/foreigners-buying-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-investment-japan:en","entityId":"guide:property-investment-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property investment in Japan","plainText":"Underwrite a Japanese rental as a business using NOI, DSCR, and realistic vacancy and capex — not gross yield — because a 5–6% gross yield can become a thin or negative cash return after costs.\nFinancing, yields, vacancy, expenses, taxes, cash flow, exit risk, and why owner-occupier loans must never be misused for rentals.\nUse NOI, DSCR, cash-on-cash, and break-even occupancy — never gross yield as if it were cash flow.\nDo not treat mortgage principal as an operating expense, but do reserve for capital expenditure.\nAn owner-occupier mortgage cannot casually become an investment loan — misstating occupancy risks acceleration and fraud claims.\nNine million vacant homes is not nine million bargains — most sit in weak-demand locations with title, access, or structural issues.\nUnderwrite it as a business\nEffective gross income is scheduled rent minus vacancy, concessions, and bad debt, plus other income. Net operating income (NOI) is effective gross income minus operating expenses — management, association fees, owner-paid utilities, leasing commissions, maintenance, insurance, fixed-asset and city-planning tax, vacancy, and recurring capital expenditure — but not mortgage principal. Cash flow before tax is NOI minus debt service and a capex reserve, and DSCR is NOI divided by annual debt service. There is no universal safe DSCR, but a margin above 1.0 is essential and lenders usually require more.\nA property advertised at a 5% gross yield can produce a weak or negative cash yield after costs. A ¥40 million unit renting for ¥200,000/month has a 6.0% gross yield, but after 5% vacancy, ¥360,000 of annual management/association charges, ¥200,000 tax and insurance, ¥150,000 maintenance, and a ¥200,000 capital reserve, illustrative NOI is about ¥1.37 million — roughly 3.4% of price before acquisition costs. Finance that at 2.5% with high leverage and little margin remains.\nInvestment diligence\nAsk who the tenant is and how deep demand is at the target rent; whether comparables are signed rents or asking rents; the next roof, façade, elevator, pipe, and waterproofing costs; whether the current use, fire systems, and access are compliant; whether financing is fixed, floating, callable, and recourse, and what the refinance assumption is; how the land/building allocation and depreciation are supported for tax; who will buy at exit, at what cap rate, after how many years; and the management fee, renewal fee, repair markup, and cancellation terms. Cap-rate expansion — buyers later demanding a higher yield — reduces value for the same NOI.\nWhat not to do\nDo not use a residential mortgage for investment unless the lender expressly authorizes it — moving out, long-term renting, Airbnb use, or running a business from the property may breach loan, insurance, building, zoning, or condominium rules, and misstating occupancy can trigger decline, acceleration, fraud concerns, and insurance or tax consequences. Do not rely on future refinancing, do not use gross yield as cash flow, and do not buy a non-rebuildable or leasehold property or an empty rural house without specialist review. Short-term rental (minpaku) is generally limited to 180 days per year nationally, municipalities can restrict it further, and condominium bylaws may prohibit it even where law permits.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-investment-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-good-investment","faq:loan-gross-yield","faq:loan-residential-for-investment","faq:loan-vacant-house"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:investment-property-loans","guide:home-vs-investment-property","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home","guide:minpaku-homeowners"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Underwrite a Japanese rental as a business using NOI, DSCR, and realistic vacancy and capex — not gross yield — because a 5–6% gross yield can become a thin or negative cash return after costs.\nFinancing, yields, vacancy, expenses, taxes, cash flow, exit risk, and why owner-occupier loans must never be misused for rentals.\nUse NOI, DSCR, cash-on-cash, and break-even occupancy — never gross yield as if it were cash flow.\nDo not treat mortgage principal as an operating expense, but do reserve for capital expenditure.\nAn owner-occupier mortgage cannot casually become an investment loan — misstating occupancy risks acceleration and fraud claims.\nNine million vacant homes is not nine million bargains — most sit in weak-demand locations with title, access, or structural issues.\nUnderwrite it as a business\nEffective gross income is scheduled rent minus vacancy, concessions, and bad debt, plus other income. Net operating income (NOI) is effective gross income minus operating expenses — management, association fees, owner-paid utilities, leasing commissions, maintenance, insurance, fixed-asset and city-planning tax, vacancy, and recurring capital expenditure — but not mortgage principal. Cash flow before tax is NOI minus debt service and a capex reserve, and DSCR is NOI divided by annual debt service. There is no universal safe DSCR, but a margin above 1.0 is essential and lenders usually require more.\nA property advertised at a 5% gross yield can produce a weak or negative cash yield after costs. A ¥40 million unit renting for ¥200,000/month has a 6.0% gross yield, but after 5% vacancy, ¥360,000 of annual management/association charges, ¥200,000 tax and insurance, ¥150,000 maintenance, and a ¥200,000 capital reserve, illustrative NOI is about ¥1.37 million — roughly 3.4% of price before acquisition costs. Finance that at 2.5% with high leverage and little margin remains.\nInvestment diligence\nAsk who the tenant is and how deep demand is at the target rent; whether comparables are signed rents or asking rents; the next roof, façade, elevator, pipe, and waterproofing costs; whether the current use, fire systems, and access are compliant; whether financing is fixed, floating, callable, and recourse, and what the refinance assumption is; how the land/building allocation and depreciation are supported for tax; who will buy at exit, at what cap rate, after how many years; and the management fee, renewal fee, repair markup, and cancellation terms. Cap-rate expansion — buyers later demanding a higher yield — reduces value for the same NOI.\nWhat not to do\nDo not use a residential mortgage for investment unless the lender expressly authorizes it — moving out, long-term renting, Airbnb use, or running a business from the property may breach loan, insurance, building, zoning, or condominium rules, and misstating occupancy can trigger decline, acceleration, fraud concerns, and insurance or tax consequences. Do not rely on future refinancing, do not use gross yield as cash flow, and do not buy a non-rebuildable or leasehold property or an empty rural house without specialist review. Short-term rental (minpaku) is generally limited to 180 days per year nationally, municipalities can restrict it further, and condominium bylaws may prohibit it even where law permits.","url":"/en/loans/property-investment-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:homeownership-japan:en","entityId":"guide:homeownership-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Owning a home in Japan","plainText":"Ownership is an ongoing commitment: budget every year for fixed-asset and city-planning tax, insurance, and repairs — self-funded for a house, via management and repair-reserve fees for a condominium.\nAnnual taxes, insurance, repairs, condominium fees, renovations, renting out, and selling — the ongoing cost and duty of ownership.\nFixed-asset tax (and city-planning tax where applicable) is an annual municipal cost based on assessed value.\nA house owner must self-fund roof, exterior, structure, drainage, and termite repairs; a condo owner pays management and repair-reserve fees.\nFire insurance is generally required by lenders; earthquake cover is separate and capped.\nRenting out, Airbnb, or moving overseas requires lender, insurer, tax, and building-rule review first.\nThe annual cost of ownership\nEvery year an owner pays fixed-asset tax (固定資産税), a municipal tax based on assessed value, plus city-planning tax (都市計画税) within designated urban-planning areas. A condominium owner also pays a monthly management fee (管理費) for ordinary operations and a repair reserve (修繕積立金) for major capital works — the reserve is saved for the future, the management fee is not. A house owner pays neither but must self-fund an equivalent private reserve for roof, exterior, equipment, and structure, because those costs land directly and unevenly over time.\nInsurance and repairs\nLenders generally require adequate fire insurance on the building. Earthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance; its insured amount is generally 30–50% of the corresponding fire-insurance amount, capped at ¥50 million for the building and ¥10 million for contents, and it is designed to support recovery rather than guarantee full reconstruction. Ordinary fire insurance generally does not cover earthquake-caused fire, so consider the separate earthquake cover. Review coverage annually and compare external quotes even if a lender or agent offers a bundled policy.\nRenting out, Airbnb, moving, selling\nYou can rent out a mortgaged home only with lender consent and compliance with loan, tax, insurance, and building rules; converting to an investment property without authorization can breach the loan. Airbnb/minpaku requires national law, municipal ordinance, condominium bylaws, lender, and insurer all to permit it. If you move overseas, notify the lender, insurer, tax authorities, and manager, because owner-occupancy terms may require action. When you sell, brokerage, mortgage release, legal costs, repairs, and tax reduce net proceeds, and a qualifying principal-residence sale may access a special capital-gains deduction of up to ¥30 million subject to conditions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/homeownership-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-fees","faq:loan-rent-out-mortgaged","faq:loan-fire-earthquake","faq:loan-move-overseas"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-asset-tax","guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:selling-property-costs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3302.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Ownership is an ongoing commitment: budget every year for fixed-asset and city-planning tax, insurance, and repairs — self-funded for a house, via management and repair-reserve fees for a condominium.\nAnnual taxes, insurance, repairs, condominium fees, renovations, renting out, and selling — the ongoing cost and duty of ownership.\nFixed-asset tax (and city-planning tax where applicable) is an annual municipal cost based on assessed value.\nA house owner must self-fund roof, exterior, structure, drainage, and termite repairs; a condo owner pays management and repair-reserve fees.\nFire insurance is generally required by lenders; earthquake cover is separate and capped.\nRenting out, Airbnb, or moving overseas requires lender, insurer, tax, and building-rule review first.\nThe annual cost of ownership\nEvery year an owner pays fixed-asset tax (固定資産税), a municipal tax based on assessed value, plus city-planning tax (都市計画税) within designated urban-planning areas. A condominium owner also pays a monthly management fee (管理費) for ordinary operations and a repair reserve (修繕積立金) for major capital works — the reserve is saved for the future, the management fee is not. A house owner pays neither but must self-fund an equivalent private reserve for roof, exterior, equipment, and structure, because those costs land directly and unevenly over time.\nInsurance and repairs\nLenders generally require adequate fire insurance on the building. Earthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance; its insured amount is generally 30–50% of the corresponding fire-insurance amount, capped at ¥50 million for the building and ¥10 million for contents, and it is designed to support recovery rather than guarantee full reconstruction. Ordinary fire insurance generally does not cover earthquake-caused fire, so consider the separate earthquake cover. Review coverage annually and compare external quotes even if a lender or agent offers a bundled policy.\nRenting out, Airbnb, moving, selling\nYou can rent out a mortgaged home only with lender consent and compliance with loan, tax, insurance, and building rules; converting to an investment property without authorization can breach the loan. Airbnb/minpaku requires national law, municipal ordinance, condominium bylaws, lender, and insurer all to permit it. If you move overseas, notify the lender, insurer, tax authorities, and manager, because owner-occupancy terms may require action. When you sell, brokerage, mortgage release, legal costs, repairs, and tax reduce net proceeds, and a qualifying principal-residence sale may access a special capital-gains deduction of up to ¥30 million subject to conditions.","url":"/en/loans/homeownership-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rent-vs-buy-japan-guide:en","entityId":"guide:rent-vs-buy-japan-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rent or buy in Japan? The full decision","plainText":"Buy when your likely holding period is long, your cash reserve is strong, and the property is liquid; rent when flexibility matters or you might leave Japan within a handful of years.\nHolding period, cash requirements, flexibility, resale, and maintenance — a scenario-based frame rather than a single answer.\nLength of stay and job stability drive the decision more than the monthly-payment comparison.\nBuying needs 6–10% of the price in cash on top of the down payment; renting preserves that liquidity.\nMany Japanese buildings depreciate and resale can be slow, so buying is not automatic wealth-building.\nModel pessimistic, central, and optimistic resale — plus an early sale after three or five years.\nWhat actually drives the decision\nIn some countries buying almost always builds wealth; in Japan it is more nuanced. Many homes — especially older wooden houses — depreciate, and resale liquidity varies sharply by location, so a purchase is not automatically an investment win. The land component and prime-area properties behave differently. Renting keeps you flexible, which matters a great deal if your job or country of residence might change within a few years. Decide on holding period and cash strength first, then run the numbers.\nUse scenarios, not one answer\nA useful rent-vs-buy comparison models monthly rent, renewal fees, deposit loss, and rent inflation on the renting side; and purchase costs, mortgage, ownership expenses, resale price, selling costs, tax benefits, and the investment return on cash you did not spend on the buying side. Run several scenarios — pessimistic, central, and optimistic resale; zero appreciation; a major repair; and an early sale after three or five years — rather than trusting a single break-even figure. Buying tends to win only when the holding period is long enough to absorb the 6–10% transaction cost.\nKey points to carry away: Length of stay and job stability drive the decision more than the monthly-payment comparison; Buying needs 6–10% of the price in cash on top of the down payment; renting preserves that liquidity; Many Japanese buildings depreciate and resale can be slow, so buying is not automatic wealth-building; Model pessimistic, central, and optimistic resale — plus an early sale after three or five years. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/rent-vs-buy-japan-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-rent-vs-buy","faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-homes-depreciate"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:rent-vs-buy-japan","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:property-resale-value"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT)","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_tk5_000085.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Buy when your likely holding period is long, your cash reserve is strong, and the property is liquid; rent when flexibility matters or you might leave Japan within a handful of years.\nHolding period, cash requirements, flexibility, resale, and maintenance — a scenario-based frame rather than a single answer.\nLength of stay and job stability drive the decision more than the monthly-payment comparison.\nBuying needs 6–10% of the price in cash on top of the down payment; renting preserves that liquidity.\nMany Japanese buildings depreciate and resale can be slow, so buying is not automatic wealth-building.\nModel pessimistic, central, and optimistic resale — plus an early sale after three or five years.\nWhat actually drives the decision\nIn some countries buying almost always builds wealth; in Japan it is more nuanced. Many homes — especially older wooden houses — depreciate, and resale liquidity varies sharply by location, so a purchase is not automatically an investment win. The land component and prime-area properties behave differently. Renting keeps you flexible, which matters a great deal if your job or country of residence might change within a few years. Decide on holding period and cash strength first, then run the numbers.\nUse scenarios, not one answer\nA useful rent-vs-buy comparison models monthly rent, renewal fees, deposit loss, and rent inflation on the renting side; and purchase costs, mortgage, ownership expenses, resale price, selling costs, tax benefits, and the investment return on cash you did not spend on the buying side. Run several scenarios — pessimistic, central, and optimistic resale; zero appreciation; a major repair; and an early sale after three or five years — rather than trusting a single break-even figure. Buying tends to win only when the holding period is long enough to absorb the 6–10% transaction cost.\nKey points to carry away: Length of stay and job stability drive the decision more than the monthly-payment comparison; Buying needs 6–10% of the price in cash on top of the down payment; renting preserves that liquidity; Many Japanese buildings depreciate and resale can be slow, so buying is not automatic wealth-building; Model pessimistic, central, and optimistic resale — plus an early sale after three or five years. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/rent-vs-buy-japan-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-buying-checklist:en","entityId":"guide:property-buying-checklist","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan property-buying checklist","plainText":"Work through five stages — budget and credit, preapproval and search, offer and important-matters review, contract and final approval, inspection and closing — then complete the post-purchase tax and insurance tasks.\nA stage-by-stage checklist from budget to closing, covering financing, diligence, contracts, inspection, and post-purchase tasks.\nDo not make an offer before preapproval and a clear financing-condition clause.\nRead the explanation of important matters early, not minutes before signing.\nFor a used home, commission an independent inspection where practical.\nAfter closing, file the first-year mortgage-deduction return and note defect deadlines.\nStages 1–2: budget, credit, preapproval, search\nBudget: set a maximum purchase price, a maximum monthly housing outflow (mortgage plus tax, management, reserve, insurance, parking, utilities, and repairs), and a minimum post-closing cash reserve. Credit: check your CIC and JICC records, avoid new debt and repeated applications, and gather withholding slips and tax certificates. Preapproval: obtain preliminary screening (事前審査) so you know your realistic budget. Search: use multiple portals and agents, treat listings as discovery only, and evaluate area — commute, schools, medical care, noise, redevelopment, zoning, slope, and flood/landslide/tsunami/liquefaction exposure using MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library.\nStages 3–4: offer, important matters, contract, final approval\nOffer: submit a purchase application (買付証明書) clarifying price, deposit, financing condition, closing date, included fixtures, and inspection/renovation access. Important matters: obtain the 重要事項説明 documents early and review title, road access, zoning, hazards, utilities, leasehold, management, deposits, and cancellation. Contract: sign the purchase agreement and pay earnest money (手付金, commonly 5–10% but not universal), understanding the financing-condition clause and cancellation rights. Final approval: submit the contract, important-matters explanation, tax and income documents, identity and residence records, property documents, and insurance/health declarations for full underwriting.\nStage 5 and after: inspection, closing, post-purchase\nInspection: for a used home, commission an independent qualified inspector; remember a lender appraisal is not a structural inspection and no inspection guarantees no hidden defects. Closing: pay the balance, receive lender disbursement, take keys and possession, and let the judicial scrivener file ownership and mortgage registrations — confirm vacant possession, utilities, prorated taxes and fees, and no unexpected encumbrances. After: file tax claims including the first-year mortgage-deduction return, change your address, retain the contract and cost evidence, note defect-notification deadlines, establish a repair reserve, and review insurance annually.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-buying-checklist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-financing-clause","faq:loan-earnest-money-size","faq:loan-inspection-guarantee"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:buying-property-japan","guide:important-matters-explanation","guide:home-inspections","guide:property-closing-registration"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Work through five stages — budget and credit, preapproval and search, offer and important-matters review, contract and final approval, inspection and closing — then complete the post-purchase tax and insurance tasks.\nA stage-by-stage checklist from budget to closing, covering financing, diligence, contracts, inspection, and post-purchase tasks.\nDo not make an offer before preapproval and a clear financing-condition clause.\nRead the explanation of important matters early, not minutes before signing.\nFor a used home, commission an independent inspection where practical.\nAfter closing, file the first-year mortgage-deduction return and note defect deadlines.\nStages 1–2: budget, credit, preapproval, search\nBudget: set a maximum purchase price, a maximum monthly housing outflow (mortgage plus tax, management, reserve, insurance, parking, utilities, and repairs), and a minimum post-closing cash reserve. Credit: check your CIC and JICC records, avoid new debt and repeated applications, and gather withholding slips and tax certificates. Preapproval: obtain preliminary screening (事前審査) so you know your realistic budget. Search: use multiple portals and agents, treat listings as discovery only, and evaluate area — commute, schools, medical care, noise, redevelopment, zoning, slope, and flood/landslide/tsunami/liquefaction exposure using MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library.\nStages 3–4: offer, important matters, contract, final approval\nOffer: submit a purchase application (買付証明書) clarifying price, deposit, financing condition, closing date, included fixtures, and inspection/renovation access. Important matters: obtain the 重要事項説明 documents early and review title, road access, zoning, hazards, utilities, leasehold, management, deposits, and cancellation. Contract: sign the purchase agreement and pay earnest money (手付金, commonly 5–10% but not universal), understanding the financing-condition clause and cancellation rights. Final approval: submit the contract, important-matters explanation, tax and income documents, identity and residence records, property documents, and insurance/health declarations for full underwriting.\nStage 5 and after: inspection, closing, post-purchase\nInspection: for a used home, commission an independent qualified inspector; remember a lender appraisal is not a structural inspection and no inspection guarantees no hidden defects. Closing: pay the balance, receive lender disbursement, take keys and possession, and let the judicial scrivener file ownership and mortgage registrations — confirm vacant possession, utilities, prorated taxes and fees, and no unexpected encumbrances. After: file tax claims including the first-year mortgage-deduction return, change your address, retain the contract and cost evidence, note defect-notification deadlines, establish a repair reserve, and review insurance annually.","url":"/en/loans/property-buying-checklist","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-loans-work:en","entityId":"guide:how-loans-work","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How loans work in Japan","plainText":"A loan is principal you repay over a term with interest on the outstanding balance; secured loans pledge collateral for lower rates, and missing payments triggers charges, credit damage, and possible enforcement.\nPrincipal, interest, term, repayment, collateral, and default — the mechanics behind every loan.\nInterest is charged on the outstanding balance, so early payments on a level-payment loan are mostly interest.\nA longer term lowers the monthly payment but usually raises total interest.\nCollateral (a registered mortgage) secures a loan; default can lead to enforcement and sale.\nSurrendering collateral does not always erase a remaining deficiency.\nPrincipal, interest, and term\nPrincipal (元金) is the amount borrowed before interest and fees. Interest (利息) is the price of using that money, charged at a nominal annual rate on the outstanding balance — not on the original principal forever. The loan term (借入期間) is the repayment period: a longer term lowers each monthly payment but usually increases total interest and can carry a rate surcharge. Several banks now permit terms up to 50 years, subject to age, property, and underwriting limits.\nRepayment, collateral, and default\nAmortization (返済予定) is how each payment splits between interest and principal. Secured loans pledge collateral (担保): a mortgage lender registers a first-ranking mortgage over the property, which is why secured loans carry lower rates and longer terms than unsecured card or consumer loans. If you default, late-payment charges (遅延損害金) accrue, but the more serious consequences are credit-record damage, acceleration of the whole balance, guarantee-company performance, collection, and ultimately foreclosure — and surrendering the property does not necessarily erase any remaining deficiency.\nKey points to carry away: Interest is charged on the outstanding balance, so early payments on a level-payment loan are mostly interest; A longer term lowers the monthly payment but usually raises total interest; Collateral (a registered mortgage) secures a loan; default can lead to enforcement and sale; Surrendering collateral does not always erase a remaining deficiency. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/how-loans-work","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-principal","faq:loan-what-interest","faq:loan-what-collateral"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:borrowing-guide","guide:interest-rates","guide:collateral-guarantee-companies","guide:late-payments-default"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A loan is principal you repay over a term with interest on the outstanding balance; secured loans pledge collateral for lower rates, and missing payments triggers charges, credit damage, and possible enforcement.\nPrincipal, interest, term, repayment, collateral, and default — the mechanics behind every loan.\nInterest is charged on the outstanding balance, so early payments on a level-payment loan are mostly interest.\nA longer term lowers the monthly payment but usually raises total interest.\nCollateral (a registered mortgage) secures a loan; default can lead to enforcement and sale.\nSurrendering collateral does not always erase a remaining deficiency.\nPrincipal, interest, and term\nPrincipal (元金) is the amount borrowed before interest and fees. Interest (利息) is the price of using that money, charged at a nominal annual rate on the outstanding balance — not on the original principal forever. The loan term (借入期間) is the repayment period: a longer term lowers each monthly payment but usually increases total interest and can carry a rate surcharge. Several banks now permit terms up to 50 years, subject to age, property, and underwriting limits.\nRepayment, collateral, and default\nAmortization (返済予定) is how each payment splits between interest and principal. Secured loans pledge collateral (担保): a mortgage lender registers a first-ranking mortgage over the property, which is why secured loans carry lower rates and longer terms than unsecured card or consumer loans. If you default, late-payment charges (遅延損害金) accrue, but the more serious consequences are credit-record damage, acceleration of the whole balance, guarantee-company performance, collection, and ultimately foreclosure — and surrendering the property does not necessarily erase any remaining deficiency.\nKey points to carry away: Interest is charged on the outstanding balance, so early payments on a level-payment loan are mostly interest; A longer term lowers the monthly payment but usually raises total interest; Collateral (a registered mortgage) secures a loan; default can lead to enforcement and sale; Surrendering collateral does not always erase a remaining deficiency. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/how-loans-work","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:interest-rates:en","entityId":"guide:interest-rates","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Understanding Japanese loan interest rates","plainText":"The advertised rate is usually a base (reference) rate minus an approved discount margin; whether that margin is permanent, and how the rate resets, matters as much as the number itself.\nNominal rate, effective cost, base rate, preferential rate, and how and when rates change.\nThe base (reference) rate is the lender’s starting point; the preferential rate is that minus an approved discount.\nA discount margin can be permanent for the term or conditional — confirm which.\nVariable rates are commonly reviewed twice a year, but contracts differ.\nJapan has left the near-zero era: prime rates rose in 2026 and further changes were pre-announced.\nBase rate vs preferential rate\nA lender publishes a base or reference rate (基準金利/店頭金利) and then applies an approved discount margin to produce your preferential rate (優遇金利/適用金利). Two borrowers at the same bank can hold very different rates because their discount margins differ. Critically, ask whether the discount is fixed for the whole term or conditional on keeping certain accounts or services — a discount that can disappear turns an attractive rate into a moving target.\nHow and when rates change\nA fixed rate (固定金利) is fixed for the whole term or an initial period; a variable rate (変動金利) is periodically reviewed, commonly recalculated twice a year, with the payment changing immediately or under a five-year/125% rule depending on the contract. Those payment rules limit the timing or size of payment changes; they do not stop interest accruing or remove rate risk, and some lenders do not use them — so read the agreement. Because Japan left the near-zero era (the BoJ guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026 and prime rates rose), a variable borrower should model the payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points.\nKey points to carry away: The base (reference) rate is the lender’s starting point; the preferential rate is that minus an approved discount; A discount margin can be permanent for the term or conditional — confirm which; Variable rates are commonly reviewed twice a year, but contracts differ; Japan has left the near-zero era: prime rates rose in 2026 and further changes were pre-announced. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/interest-rates","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-base-rate","faq:loan-what-preferential","faq:loan-discount-disappear","faq:loan-variable-change-frequency"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","guide:mortgage-rates"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/statistics/market/short/mutan/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"The advertised rate is usually a base (reference) rate minus an approved discount margin; whether that margin is permanent, and how the rate resets, matters as much as the number itself.\nNominal rate, effective cost, base rate, preferential rate, and how and when rates change.\nThe base (reference) rate is the lender’s starting point; the preferential rate is that minus an approved discount.\nA discount margin can be permanent for the term or conditional — confirm which.\nVariable rates are commonly reviewed twice a year, but contracts differ.\nJapan has left the near-zero era: prime rates rose in 2026 and further changes were pre-announced.\nBase rate vs preferential rate\nA lender publishes a base or reference rate (基準金利/店頭金利) and then applies an approved discount margin to produce your preferential rate (優遇金利/適用金利). Two borrowers at the same bank can hold very different rates because their discount margins differ. Critically, ask whether the discount is fixed for the whole term or conditional on keeping certain accounts or services — a discount that can disappear turns an attractive rate into a moving target.\nHow and when rates change\nA fixed rate (固定金利) is fixed for the whole term or an initial period; a variable rate (変動金利) is periodically reviewed, commonly recalculated twice a year, with the payment changing immediately or under a five-year/125% rule depending on the contract. Those payment rules limit the timing or size of payment changes; they do not stop interest accruing or remove rate risk, and some lenders do not use them — so read the agreement. Because Japan left the near-zero era (the BoJ guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026 and prime rates rose), a variable borrower should model the payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points.\nKey points to carry away: The base (reference) rate is the lender’s starting point; the preferential rate is that minus an approved discount; A discount margin can be permanent for the term or conditional — confirm which; Variable rates are commonly reviewed twice a year, but contracts differ; Japan has left the near-zero era: prime rates rose in 2026 and further changes were pre-announced. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/interest-rates","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"APR and the true cost of a Japanese mortgage","plainText":"Japanese mortgage ads emphasize the nominal rate and state fees separately, so you must calculate an effective cost from the execution rate, the 2.2% origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and your expected holding period.\nWhy headline rates are incomplete: origination fees, insurance, registration, and holding period.\nJapan has no single standardized all-in APR display; you build the effective cost yourself.\nA 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs.\nA nominally lower rate can be the more expensive loan for a short holding period.\nInclude registration, judicial-scrivener fees, insurance, and any early-repayment charge.\nWhy the headline rate is incomplete\nIn international usage, APR combines interest and specified fees into one annualized borrowing cost. Japanese mortgage advertising commonly emphasizes the nominal annual rate and states fees separately, rather than presenting one universally comparable all-in APR. The reviewed lender pages, for example, state rates and 2.20% origination fees separately. To compare fairly you must calculate an effective cost using the execution rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration and license tax, judicial-scrivener fees, and — decisively — your expected holding period.\nAn all-in cost worksheet\nAdd up: interest over your expected holding period; the origination fee (often 2.20% — ¥1.10 million on ¥50 million) or a guarantee fee; group credit life insurance and any riders; appraisal; registration and license tax; judicial-scrivener fees; account conditions needed to keep a discount; and any early-repayment charge. Then subtract the opportunity cost of the down payment. Two loans with the same rate can differ by over a million yen once fees are counted, and a low-rate loan with a large fee is a poor fit for a borrower who expects to sell or refinance within a few years.\nKey points to carry away: Japan has no single standardized all-in APR display; you build the effective cost yourself; A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs; A nominally lower rate can be the more expensive loan for a short holding period; Include registration, judicial-scrivener fees, insurance, and any early-repayment charge. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-apr-total-cost","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-apr","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-total-cost"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-fees","guide:read-mortgage-quote","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Japanese mortgage ads emphasize the nominal rate and state fees separately, so you must calculate an effective cost from the execution rate, the 2.2% origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and your expected holding period.\nWhy headline rates are incomplete: origination fees, insurance, registration, and holding period.\nJapan has no single standardized all-in APR display; you build the effective cost yourself.\nA 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs.\nA nominally lower rate can be the more expensive loan for a short holding period.\nInclude registration, judicial-scrivener fees, insurance, and any early-repayment charge.\nWhy the headline rate is incomplete\nIn international usage, APR combines interest and specified fees into one annualized borrowing cost. Japanese mortgage advertising commonly emphasizes the nominal annual rate and states fees separately, rather than presenting one universally comparable all-in APR. The reviewed lender pages, for example, state rates and 2.20% origination fees separately. To compare fairly you must calculate an effective cost using the execution rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration and license tax, judicial-scrivener fees, and — decisively — your expected holding period.\nAn all-in cost worksheet\nAdd up: interest over your expected holding period; the origination fee (often 2.20% — ¥1.10 million on ¥50 million) or a guarantee fee; group credit life insurance and any riders; appraisal; registration and license tax; judicial-scrivener fees; account conditions needed to keep a discount; and any early-repayment charge. Then subtract the opportunity cost of the down payment. Two loans with the same rate can differ by over a million yen once fees are counted, and a low-rate loan with a large fee is a poor fit for a borrower who expects to sell or refinance within a few years.\nKey points to carry away: Japan has no single standardized all-in APR display; you build the effective cost yourself; A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs; A nominally lower rate can be the more expensive loan for a short holding period; Include registration, judicial-scrivener fees, insurance, and any early-repayment charge. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-apr-total-cost","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained:en","entityId":"guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fixed and variable interest explained","plainText":"Fixed rates cost more now but remove interest-rate risk; variable rates are cheaper now but shift that risk to you — choose variable only if you can absorb a 2–3 point rise without selling.\nFixed, variable, fixed-period, repricing, and rate risk — what each structure does to your payment.\nFixed (including Flat 35) locks the rate; a 10-year fixed-selection loan resets after 10 years.\nVariable is reviewed periodically; the household bears any increase.\nA borrower who can only afford the loan at the initial rate cannot safely afford it.\nMixed-rate loans split exposure but add complexity and two sets of assumptions.\nThe four structures\nA fully fixed rate (including Flat 35) holds for the entire term. A fixed-period or fixed-selection loan (e.g. 10-year fixed) fixes the rate for an initial window and then reprices at the then-current rate and contractual discount — a 10-year fixed loan is not a 35-year fully fixed loan. A variable rate is reviewed periodically, commonly twice a year. A mixed-rate loan splits the borrowing between variable and fixed portions, reducing concentration but requiring you to manage two sets of assumptions.\nRate risk and the stress test\nVariable-rate loans now require a genuine stress test. A household that can afford a loan only at the initial rate cannot safely afford that loan. Choose variable only if the household survives a 2–3 point rise without selling — model the payment at +1, +2, and +3 points and check that stressed housing costs stay within a prudent share of net income. Fixed removes specified interest-rate risk, but not income, property, inflation, or life risk, so it is not \"risk-free.\"\nKey points to carry away: Fixed (including Flat 35) locks the rate; a 10-year fixed-selection loan resets after 10 years; Variable is reviewed periodically; the household bears any increase; A borrower who can only afford the loan at the initial rate cannot safely afford it; Mixed-rate loans split exposure but add complexity and two sets of assumptions. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/fixed-variable-interest-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-fixed","faq:loan-what-variable","faq:loan-fixed-risk-free","faq:loan-unpaid-interest"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","guide:five-year-125-percent-rule","guide:variable-rate-mortgages","guide:fixed-rate-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Resona Bank","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Fixed rates cost more now but remove interest-rate risk; variable rates are cheaper now but shift that risk to you — choose variable only if you can absorb a 2–3 point rise without selling.\nFixed, variable, fixed-period, repricing, and rate risk — what each structure does to your payment.\nFixed (including Flat 35) locks the rate; a 10-year fixed-selection loan resets after 10 years.\nVariable is reviewed periodically; the household bears any increase.\nA borrower who can only afford the loan at the initial rate cannot safely afford it.\nMixed-rate loans split exposure but add complexity and two sets of assumptions.\nThe four structures\nA fully fixed rate (including Flat 35) holds for the entire term. A fixed-period or fixed-selection loan (e.g. 10-year fixed) fixes the rate for an initial window and then reprices at the then-current rate and contractual discount — a 10-year fixed loan is not a 35-year fully fixed loan. A variable rate is reviewed periodically, commonly twice a year. A mixed-rate loan splits the borrowing between variable and fixed portions, reducing concentration but requiring you to manage two sets of assumptions.\nRate risk and the stress test\nVariable-rate loans now require a genuine stress test. A household that can afford a loan only at the initial rate cannot safely afford that loan. Choose variable only if the household survives a 2–3 point rise without selling — model the payment at +1, +2, and +3 points and check that stressed housing costs stay within a prudent share of net income. Fixed removes specified interest-rate risk, but not income, property, inflation, or life risk, so it is not \"risk-free.\"\nKey points to carry away: Fixed (including Flat 35) locks the rate; a 10-year fixed-selection loan resets after 10 years; Variable is reviewed periodically; the household bears any increase; A borrower who can only afford the loan at the initial rate cannot safely afford it; Mixed-rate loans split exposure but add complexity and two sets of assumptions. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/fixed-variable-interest-explained","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-amortization:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-amortization","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How mortgage payments and amortization work","plainText":"A level-payment loan keeps the scheduled payment steady with mostly interest early on; a level-principal loan repays equal principal each month, starting higher but costing less total interest.\nLevel payment vs level principal, interest allocation, and how the term changes total interest.\nOn a level-payment loan, early payments are mostly interest because the balance is largest at the start.\nLevel-principal repayment starts higher and declines, saving total interest, but is not offered everywhere.\nA one- or two-point rate difference becomes large over 35 years.\nA longer term lowers the monthly payment but raises total interest.\nLevel payment vs level principal\nLevel principal-and-interest (元利均等返済) keeps the scheduled payment level until a rate or payment reset, but the principal component grows over time — early payments are mostly interest. Level principal (元金均等返済) repays the same principal amount each month, so payments start higher and decline, reducing total interest relative to a comparable level-payment loan; it is not offered by every lender. Level payment eases early cash flow; level principal saves interest for borrowers who can afford higher early payments.\nWhy rate and term matter so much\nFor a ¥50 million, 35-year, fully amortizing level-payment loan, the approximate monthly payment and total interest rise steeply with the rate: about ¥139,900/month and ¥8.74 million total interest at 0.945%; ¥153,100 and ¥14.30 million at 1.50%; ¥165,600 and ¥19.57 million at 2.00%; ¥178,700 and ¥25.07 million at 2.50%; ¥200,600 and ¥34.26 million at 3.29%; and ¥221,400 and ¥42.98 million at 4.00%. These exclude fees and payment-rule effects, but they show why a \"small\" one- or two-point difference becomes financially large over decades — and why a longer term, though it lowers the monthly figure, raises total interest.\nKey points to carry away: On a level-payment loan, early payments are mostly interest because the balance is largest at the start; Level-principal repayment starts higher and declines, saving total interest, but is not offered everywhere; A one- or two-point rate difference becomes large over 35 years; A longer term lowers the monthly payment but raises total interest. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-amortization","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-amortization","faq:loan-level-principal-interest","faq:loan-level-principal"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:repayment-method-comparison","guide:interest-rates","guide:early-repayment"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A level-payment loan keeps the scheduled payment steady with mostly interest early on; a level-principal loan repays equal principal each month, starting higher but costing less total interest.\nLevel payment vs level principal, interest allocation, and how the term changes total interest.\nOn a level-payment loan, early payments are mostly interest because the balance is largest at the start.\nLevel-principal repayment starts higher and declines, saving total interest, but is not offered everywhere.\nA one- or two-point rate difference becomes large over 35 years.\nA longer term lowers the monthly payment but raises total interest.\nLevel payment vs level principal\nLevel principal-and-interest (元利均等返済) keeps the scheduled payment level until a rate or payment reset, but the principal component grows over time — early payments are mostly interest. Level principal (元金均等返済) repays the same principal amount each month, so payments start higher and decline, reducing total interest relative to a comparable level-payment loan; it is not offered by every lender. Level payment eases early cash flow; level principal saves interest for borrowers who can afford higher early payments.\nWhy rate and term matter so much\nFor a ¥50 million, 35-year, fully amortizing level-payment loan, the approximate monthly payment and total interest rise steeply with the rate: about ¥139,900/month and ¥8.74 million total interest at 0.945%; ¥153,100 and ¥14.30 million at 1.50%; ¥165,600 and ¥19.57 million at 2.00%; ¥178,700 and ¥25.07 million at 2.50%; ¥200,600 and ¥34.26 million at 3.29%; and ¥221,400 and ¥42.98 million at 4.00%. These exclude fees and payment-rule effects, but they show why a \"small\" one- or two-point difference becomes financially large over decades — and why a longer term, though it lowers the monthly figure, raises total interest.\nKey points to carry away: On a level-payment loan, early payments are mostly interest because the balance is largest at the start; Level-principal repayment starts higher and declines, saving total interest, but is not offered everywhere; A one- or two-point rate difference becomes large over 35 years; A longer term lowers the monthly payment but raises total interest. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-amortization","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:five-year-125-percent-rule:en","entityId":"guide:five-year-125-percent-rule","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan’s five-year and 125% mortgage rules","plainText":"The five-year rule delays payment recalculation and the 125% rule caps a payment increase at 125% at review — but neither caps the interest rate nor stops interest accruing, and some lenders do not use them at all.\nWhat the rules do, what they do not do, unpaid-interest risk, and how lenders differ.\nThe five-year rule keeps the payment unchanged for a period even if the rate rises.\nThe 125% rule limits a payment increase to 125% of the prior payment at review.\nNeither rule caps the interest rate or prevents interest from accruing.\nWhen interest exceeds the scheduled payment, unpaid interest can build up.\nWhat the rules do and don’t do\nOn some variable loans, the payment amount is recalculated only every five years even if the rate is reviewed twice a year (the \"five-year rule\"), and when it is recalculated any increase is limited to 125% of the previous payment (the \"125% rule\"). These conventions limit the timing and size of payment changes — they smooth the shock. They do not cap the interest rate, do not stop interest accruing, and do not reduce the total you owe. Some lenders do not use these conventions at all, so read the actual agreement rather than assuming they apply.\nThe unpaid-interest risk\nThe danger is subtle: if the rate rises far enough that the interest due exceeds the capped payment, the shortfall becomes unpaid interest (未払利息) that can accumulate on top of the principal. The payment feels stable, but the debt is quietly growing, and at the end of the smoothing period a large recalculated payment or a residual balance can appear. This is why a variable borrower must stress-test at higher rates and keep reserves, rather than treating the five-year/125% rules as protection against rising rates.\nKey points to carry away: The five-year rule keeps the payment unchanged for a period even if the rate rises; The 125% rule limits a payment increase to 125% of the prior payment at review; Neither rule caps the interest rate or prevents interest from accruing; When interest exceeds the scheduled payment, unpaid interest can build up. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/five-year-125-percent-rule","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-five-year-rule","faq:loan-125-rule","faq:loan-all-variable-rules","faq:loan-unpaid-interest"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:variable-rate-mortgages","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Resona Bank","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"The five-year rule delays payment recalculation and the 125% rule caps a payment increase at 125% at review — but neither caps the interest rate nor stops interest accruing, and some lenders do not use them at all.\nWhat the rules do, what they do not do, unpaid-interest risk, and how lenders differ.\nThe five-year rule keeps the payment unchanged for a period even if the rate rises.\nThe 125% rule limits a payment increase to 125% of the prior payment at review.\nNeither rule caps the interest rate or prevents interest from accruing.\nWhen interest exceeds the scheduled payment, unpaid interest can build up.\nWhat the rules do and don’t do\nOn some variable loans, the payment amount is recalculated only every five years even if the rate is reviewed twice a year (the \"five-year rule\"), and when it is recalculated any increase is limited to 125% of the previous payment (the \"125% rule\"). These conventions limit the timing and size of payment changes — they smooth the shock. They do not cap the interest rate, do not stop interest accruing, and do not reduce the total you owe. Some lenders do not use these conventions at all, so read the actual agreement rather than assuming they apply.\nThe unpaid-interest risk\nThe danger is subtle: if the rate rises far enough that the interest due exceeds the capped payment, the shortfall becomes unpaid interest (未払利息) that can accumulate on top of the principal. The payment feels stable, but the debt is quietly growing, and at the end of the smoothing period a large recalculated payment or a residual balance can appear. This is why a variable borrower must stress-test at higher rates and keep reserves, rather than treating the five-year/125% rules as protection against rising rates.\nKey points to carry away: The five-year rule keeps the payment unchanged for a period even if the rate rises; The 125% rule limits a payment increase to 125% of the prior payment at review; Neither rule caps the interest rate or prevents interest from accruing; When interest exceeds the scheduled payment, unpaid interest can build up. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/five-year-125-percent-rule","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:loan-to-value-down-payment:en","entityId":"guide:loan-to-value-down-payment","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Loan-to-value and down payments","plainText":"LTV is the loan divided by the lender-recognized property value; a lower LTV (a bigger down payment) usually improves pricing and approval, while zero-down financing raises leverage and negative-equity risk.\nHow LTV is calculated, the 80% and 90% thresholds, zero-down risks, and appraisal value.\nLTV = loan ÷ lender-recognized property value (or price).\nMany lenders price better at ≤80% LTV; some add a surcharge above 80%.\nZero-down or >100% financing can leave you in negative equity with no cash for fees or repairs.\nThe lender’s recognized value may be below the purchase price.\nHow LTV works\nLoan-to-value is the loan divided by the lender-recognized property value or price. Because the lender’s recognized value can be below the price you agreed, your effective LTV may be higher than you expect. Many lenders offer their best pricing at 80% LTV or lower and add a surcharge above it — au Jibun Bank, for example, adds 0.045 percentage points above 80% LTV. A larger down payment lowers LTV, which generally improves both the rate and the approval odds.\nThe risk of zero-down financing\nSome loans finance 90%, 100%, or even more than 100% of the price by including transaction costs, but this raises leverage and risk. With little or no equity, a buyer can quickly fall into negative equity if the property’s market value dips or depreciates, and may have no cash left for closing fees, repairs, or emergencies. A prudent buyer keeps a down payment and a separate reserve for the 6–10% of closing costs rather than borrowing everything.\nKey points to carry away: LTV = loan ÷ lender-recognized property value (or price); Many lenders price better at ≤80% LTV; some add a surcharge above 80%; Zero-down or >100% financing can leave you in negative equity with no cash for fees or repairs; The lender’s recognized value may be below the purchase price. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/loan-to-value-down-payment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-how-much-down","faq:loan-zero-down-safe","faq:loan-what-ltv","faq:loan-ltv-over-100"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:down-payment-comparison","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:mortgage-rates"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"LTV is the loan divided by the lender-recognized property value; a lower LTV (a bigger down payment) usually improves pricing and approval, while zero-down financing raises leverage and negative-equity risk.\nHow LTV is calculated, the 80% and 90% thresholds, zero-down risks, and appraisal value.\nLTV = loan ÷ lender-recognized property value (or price).\nMany lenders price better at ≤80% LTV; some add a surcharge above 80%.\nZero-down or >100% financing can leave you in negative equity with no cash for fees or repairs.\nThe lender’s recognized value may be below the purchase price.\nHow LTV works\nLoan-to-value is the loan divided by the lender-recognized property value or price. Because the lender’s recognized value can be below the price you agreed, your effective LTV may be higher than you expect. Many lenders offer their best pricing at 80% LTV or lower and add a surcharge above it — au Jibun Bank, for example, adds 0.045 percentage points above 80% LTV. A larger down payment lowers LTV, which generally improves both the rate and the approval odds.\nThe risk of zero-down financing\nSome loans finance 90%, 100%, or even more than 100% of the price by including transaction costs, but this raises leverage and risk. With little or no equity, a buyer can quickly fall into negative equity if the property’s market value dips or depreciates, and may have no cash left for closing fees, repairs, or emergencies. A prudent buyer keeps a down payment and a separate reserve for the 6–10% of closing costs rather than borrowing everything.\nKey points to carry away: LTV = loan ÷ lender-recognized property value (or price); Many lenders price better at ≤80% LTV; some add a surcharge above 80%; Zero-down or >100% financing can leave you in negative equity with no cash for fees or repairs; The lender’s recognized value may be below the purchase price. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/loan-to-value-down-payment","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:debt-to-income-japan:en","entityId":"guide:debt-to-income-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Debt-to-income and mortgage affordability","plainText":"The debt-service ratio is annual scheduled repayments ÷ qualifying income; Flat 35 generally allows up to 30% below ¥4 million income and 35% at or above it, but the lender’s maximum is not a prudent household target.\nDebt-service ratios, qualifying income, and household affordability versus the bank maximum.\nDebt-service ratio = annual scheduled repayments ÷ qualifying annual income.\nFlat 35: generally ≤30% for income below ¥4 million, ≤35% at ¥4 million or more.\nThe ratio counts all debts, not just the mortgage — car loans and card limits reduce your headroom.\nA lower ratio is safer after tax, childcare, pension, maintenance, and rate increases.\nThe debt-service ratio\nThe debt-service ratio (返済負担率) is usually annual scheduled repayments divided by qualifying annual income, and it counts all your debts — the new mortgage plus car loans, card-loan minimums, and other obligations. Flat 35’s published framework generally allows total annual debt repayments of no more than 30% for income below ¥4 million and 35% for income of ¥4 million or more. Qualifying income for the self-employed or variable earners is often a normalized, lower figure, and existing debts directly reduce the mortgage you can be approved for.\nBank maximum vs prudent target\nA lender’s maximum is not a household recommendation. The published ratio is an underwriting ceiling; a prudent household usually targets a lower ratio after accounting for income tax, resident tax, national pension, national health insurance, childcare, ongoing maintenance, and the possibility of rate increases on a variable loan. Borrowing the maximum approved leaves no margin for a rate rise or a life change, so decide affordability on your own stressed budget, not on the bank’s ceiling.\nKey points to carry away: Debt-service ratio = annual scheduled repayments ÷ qualifying annual income; Flat 35: generally ≤30% for income below ¥4 million, ≤35% at ¥4 million or more; The ratio counts all debts, not just the mortgage — car loans and card limits reduce your headroom; A lower ratio is safer after tax, childcare, pension, maintenance, and rate increases. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/debt-to-income-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-dti","faq:loan-flat35-ratios","faq:loan-borrow-maximum"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:property-budget","guide:debt-before-mortgage","guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/user/simulation/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"The debt-service ratio is annual scheduled repayments ÷ qualifying income; Flat 35 generally allows up to 30% below ¥4 million income and 35% at or above it, but the lender’s maximum is not a prudent household target.\nDebt-service ratios, qualifying income, and household affordability versus the bank maximum.\nDebt-service ratio = annual scheduled repayments ÷ qualifying annual income.\nFlat 35: generally ≤30% for income below ¥4 million, ≤35% at ¥4 million or more.\nThe ratio counts all debts, not just the mortgage — car loans and card limits reduce your headroom.\nA lower ratio is safer after tax, childcare, pension, maintenance, and rate increases.\nThe debt-service ratio\nThe debt-service ratio (返済負担率) is usually annual scheduled repayments divided by qualifying annual income, and it counts all your debts — the new mortgage plus car loans, card-loan minimums, and other obligations. Flat 35’s published framework generally allows total annual debt repayments of no more than 30% for income below ¥4 million and 35% for income of ¥4 million or more. Qualifying income for the self-employed or variable earners is often a normalized, lower figure, and existing debts directly reduce the mortgage you can be approved for.\nBank maximum vs prudent target\nA lender’s maximum is not a household recommendation. The published ratio is an underwriting ceiling; a prudent household usually targets a lower ratio after accounting for income tax, resident tax, national pension, national health insurance, childcare, ongoing maintenance, and the possibility of rate increases on a variable loan. Borrowing the maximum approved leaves no margin for a rate rise or a life change, so decide affordability on your own stressed budget, not on the bank’s ceiling.\nKey points to carry away: Debt-service ratio = annual scheduled repayments ÷ qualifying annual income; Flat 35: generally ≤30% for income below ¥4 million, ≤35% at ¥4 million or more; The ratio counts all debts, not just the mortgage — car loans and card limits reduce your headroom; A lower ratio is safer after tax, childcare, pension, maintenance, and rate increases. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/debt-to-income-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:preapproval-final-approval:en","entityId":"guide:preapproval-final-approval","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage preapproval vs final approval","plainText":"Preapproval is a preliminary screening on stated information and is not a promise to lend; final approval is full underwriting of you and the property, and it can still fail if documents, appraisal, insurance, employment, debt, or property eligibility change.\nWhat each stage checks, validity, property underwriting, and why approval can still fail.\nPreapproval (事前審査) screens stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property — not a promise.\nFinal approval (本審査) is full underwriting after detailed documents and property checks.\nApproval can fail after preapproval if documents differ, the appraisal is weak, or insurance is unavailable.\nGet preapproval before making an offer, and avoid job changes or new debt until closing.\nTwo stages, two purposes\nPreapproval (事前審査/仮審査) is an initial screening using your stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property information. It gives you a realistic budget and lets you act quickly, but it is not a promise to lend. Final approval (本審査) is full underwriting after you submit detailed documents and the lender checks the property — the sale contract, important-matters explanation, tax and income documents, identity and residence records, property documents, and insurance/health declarations all come into play here.\nWhy final approval can still fail\nApproval can fail or change after preapproval if the documents differ from what you stated, the appraisal comes in weak, group credit life insurance is unavailable because of health, your employment changes, new debt appears, or the property turns out to be ineligible (for example, leasehold terms, floor area, legality, or rebuildability). To protect yourself, get preapproval before making an offer, draft the financing-condition clause carefully, and avoid material changes — job moves, new loans, large purchases — between preapproval and closing.\nKey points to carry away: Preapproval (事前審査) screens stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property — not a promise; Final approval (本審査) is full underwriting after detailed documents and property checks; Approval can fail after preapproval if documents differ, the appraisal is weak, or insurance is unavailable; Get preapproval before making an offer, and avoid job changes or new debt until closing. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/preapproval-final-approval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-preapproval","faq:loan-what-final-approval","faq:loan-approval-fail","faq:loan-change-jobs"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-preapproval","guide:mortgage-financing-clause","guide:employment-mortgage-approval"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Preapproval is a preliminary screening on stated information and is not a promise to lend; final approval is full underwriting of you and the property, and it can still fail if documents, appraisal, insurance, employment, debt, or property eligibility change.\nWhat each stage checks, validity, property underwriting, and why approval can still fail.\nPreapproval (事前審査) screens stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property — not a promise.\nFinal approval (本審査) is full underwriting after detailed documents and property checks.\nApproval can fail after preapproval if documents differ, the appraisal is weak, or insurance is unavailable.\nGet preapproval before making an offer, and avoid job changes or new debt until closing.\nTwo stages, two purposes\nPreapproval (事前審査/仮審査) is an initial screening using your stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property information. It gives you a realistic budget and lets you act quickly, but it is not a promise to lend. Final approval (本審査) is full underwriting after you submit detailed documents and the lender checks the property — the sale contract, important-matters explanation, tax and income documents, identity and residence records, property documents, and insurance/health declarations all come into play here.\nWhy final approval can still fail\nApproval can fail or change after preapproval if the documents differ from what you stated, the appraisal comes in weak, group credit life insurance is unavailable because of health, your employment changes, new debt appears, or the property turns out to be ineligible (for example, leasehold terms, floor area, legality, or rebuildability). To protect yourself, get preapproval before making an offer, draft the financing-condition clause carefully, and avoid material changes — job moves, new loans, large purchases — between preapproval and closing.\nKey points to carry away: Preapproval (事前審査) screens stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property — not a promise; Final approval (本審査) is full underwriting after detailed documents and property checks; Approval can fail after preapproval if documents differ, the appraisal is weak, or insurance is unavailable; Get preapproval before making an offer, and avoid job changes or new debt until closing. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/preapproval-final-approval","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:collateral-guarantee-companies:en","entityId":"guide:collateral-guarantee-companies","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Collateral, mortgage registration and guarantee companies","plainText":"A mortgage lender registers a first-ranking mortgage over the property; a guarantee company can pay the bank if you default, but you then owe the guarantee company, and a joint guarantor takes on extensive liability.\nRegistered mortgage, guarantee-company role, guarantors, and default consequences.\nThe lender registers a first-ranking mortgage (抵当権) over the property.\nA guarantee company (保証会社) screens you and can pay the bank on default — but you then owe the guarantor.\nGuarantee performance does not erase your debt; the claim transfers to the guarantee company.\nA joint guarantor (連帯保証人) is not a character reference — the liability can be extensive.\nCollateral and mortgage registration\nCollateral (担保) is an asset securing the loan. A mortgage lender registers a first-ranking mortgage (抵当権) over the property, which gives the lower rates and longer terms of secured lending. If you default, enforcement can lead to a sale, and surrendering the property does not necessarily erase any remaining deficiency — you can still owe the shortfall between the sale proceeds and the balance.\nGuarantee companies and joint guarantors\nA guarantee company (保証会社) guarantees repayment to the lender after screening you. If it pays the bank on your default, your debt is not erased — the claim generally transfers to the guarantee company, which then pursues you. A \"no guarantee fee\" product may instead charge a percentage-based origination fee or build the cost into the rate, so compare the total. A joint guarantor (連帯保証人) is a person liable under the guarantee terms; this is not merely a character reference, the liability can be extensive, and it should never be accepted casually.\nKey points to carry away: The lender registers a first-ranking mortgage (抵当権) over the property; A guarantee company (保証会社) screens you and can pay the bank on default — but you then owe the guarantor; Guarantee performance does not erase your debt; the claim transfers to the guarantee company; A joint guarantor (連帯保証人) is not a character reference — the liability can be extensive. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/collateral-guarantee-companies","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-collateral","faq:loan-what-mortgage-registration","faq:loan-what-guarantee-company","faq:loan-guarantee-erase-debt"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-fees","guide:how-loans-work","guide:late-payments-default"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japanese Bankers Association (JBA)","url":"https://www.zenginkyo.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A mortgage lender registers a first-ranking mortgage over the property; a guarantee company can pay the bank if you default, but you then owe the guarantee company, and a joint guarantor takes on extensive liability.\nRegistered mortgage, guarantee-company role, guarantors, and default consequences.\nThe lender registers a first-ranking mortgage (抵当権) over the property.\nA guarantee company (保証会社) screens you and can pay the bank on default — but you then owe the guarantor.\nGuarantee performance does not erase your debt; the claim transfers to the guarantee company.\nA joint guarantor (連帯保証人) is not a character reference — the liability can be extensive.\nCollateral and mortgage registration\nCollateral (担保) is an asset securing the loan. A mortgage lender registers a first-ranking mortgage (抵当権) over the property, which gives the lower rates and longer terms of secured lending. If you default, enforcement can lead to a sale, and surrendering the property does not necessarily erase any remaining deficiency — you can still owe the shortfall between the sale proceeds and the balance.\nGuarantee companies and joint guarantors\nA guarantee company (保証会社) guarantees repayment to the lender after screening you. If it pays the bank on your default, your debt is not erased — the claim generally transfers to the guarantee company, which then pursues you. A \"no guarantee fee\" product may instead charge a percentage-based origination fee or build the cost into the rate, so compare the total. A joint guarantor (連帯保証人) is a person liable under the guarantee terms; this is not merely a character reference, the liability can be extensive, and it should never be accepted casually.\nKey points to carry away: The lender registers a first-ranking mortgage (抵当権) over the property; A guarantee company (保証会社) screens you and can pay the bank on default — but you then owe the guarantor; Guarantee performance does not erase your debt; the claim transfers to the guarantee company; A joint guarantor (連帯保証人) is not a character reference — the liability can be extensive. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/collateral-guarantee-companies","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:early-repayment:en","entityId":"guide:early-repayment","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Early mortgage repayment in Japan","plainText":"Paying extra principal saves interest, and term-reduction usually saves more than payment-reduction, but preserve emergency liquidity and weigh the mortgage-tax deduction before making irreversible prepayments.\nTerm reduction vs payment reduction, fees, and the emergency-fund trade-off.\nTerm reduction (期間短縮) usually saves more interest than payment reduction (返済額軽減), all else equal.\nMany online prepayments are free, but the method and any fee differ by lender.\nPreserve an emergency fund before prepaying — prepayment is hard to reverse.\nA large prepayment can reduce a mortgage-tax deduction based on the year-end balance.\nTerm reduction vs payment reduction\nEarly repayment (繰上返済) means paying extra principal ahead of schedule. You can apply it two ways: term reduction keeps the monthly payment the same but shortens the loan, while payment reduction keeps the term the same but lowers the monthly payment. All else equal, term reduction normally saves more interest because it removes the most heavily-interest-bearing later years. Many lenders let you make partial prepayments online for free, but the method, minimum amount, and any fee differ, so check your loan’s terms.\nThe liquidity and tax trade-off\nPrepayment is close to irreversible: once the cash is in the loan, you cannot easily get it back. Preserve an emergency fund — commonly several months of living costs plus property-specific repair reserves — before making large prepayments. Also weigh the mortgage-tax deduction, which is based on the year-end mortgage balance: prepaying reduces that balance and can reduce the deduction during the eligible years. The decision compares the interest saved against the value of liquidity and any deduction forgone.\nKey points to carry away: Term reduction (期間短縮) usually saves more interest than payment reduction (返済額軽減), all else equal; Many online prepayments are free, but the method and any fee differ by lender; Preserve an emergency fund before prepaying — prepayment is hard to reverse; A large prepayment can reduce a mortgage-tax deduction based on the year-end balance. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/early-repayment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-early-repayment","faq:loan-early-always-best","faq:loan-term-vs-payment-reduction","faq:loan-online-early-free"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-amortization","guide:mortgage-tax-deduction"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Paying extra principal saves interest, and term-reduction usually saves more than payment-reduction, but preserve emergency liquidity and weigh the mortgage-tax deduction before making irreversible prepayments.\nTerm reduction vs payment reduction, fees, and the emergency-fund trade-off.\nTerm reduction (期間短縮) usually saves more interest than payment reduction (返済額軽減), all else equal.\nMany online prepayments are free, but the method and any fee differ by lender.\nPreserve an emergency fund before prepaying — prepayment is hard to reverse.\nA large prepayment can reduce a mortgage-tax deduction based on the year-end balance.\nTerm reduction vs payment reduction\nEarly repayment (繰上返済) means paying extra principal ahead of schedule. You can apply it two ways: term reduction keeps the monthly payment the same but shortens the loan, while payment reduction keeps the term the same but lowers the monthly payment. All else equal, term reduction normally saves more interest because it removes the most heavily-interest-bearing later years. Many lenders let you make partial prepayments online for free, but the method, minimum amount, and any fee differ, so check your loan’s terms.\nThe liquidity and tax trade-off\nPrepayment is close to irreversible: once the cash is in the loan, you cannot easily get it back. Preserve an emergency fund — commonly several months of living costs plus property-specific repair reserves — before making large prepayments. Also weigh the mortgage-tax deduction, which is based on the year-end mortgage balance: prepaying reduces that balance and can reduce the deduction during the eligible years. The decision compares the interest saved against the value of liquidity and any deduction forgone.\nKey points to carry away: Term reduction (期間短縮) usually saves more interest than payment reduction (返済額軽減), all else equal; Many online prepayments are free, but the method and any fee differ by lender; Preserve an emergency fund before prepaying — prepayment is hard to reverse; A large prepayment can reduce a mortgage-tax deduction based on the year-end balance. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/early-repayment","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:late-payments-default:en","entityId":"guide:late-payments-default","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens when a loan payment is late?","plainText":"A late payment triggers late-payment charges and a credit-record mark, and continued default can lead to acceleration of the whole balance, guarantee-company performance, collection, and ultimately foreclosure — with any deficiency still owed.\nLate charges, credit records, acceleration, collection, guarantee performance, and foreclosure.\nLate-payment charges (遅延損害金) accrue, but the credit-record damage matters more.\nContinued default can trigger acceleration — the whole balance becomes due.\nThe guarantee company may pay the bank, then pursue you for the full amount.\nForeclosure can follow, and a deficiency after sale can still be owed.\nThe consequence timeline\nA single late payment first triggers late-payment charges (遅延損害金) and, more importantly, a mark on your credit records at CIC/JICC that can affect future borrowing for years. If default continues, the lender can accelerate the loan — declaring the entire balance immediately due — and the guarantee company may perform (pay the bank). Guarantee performance does not erase your debt: the claim transfers to the guarantee company, which pursues you for the full amount. Ultimately the lender or guarantor can enforce the mortgage and foreclose, and any deficiency between the sale proceeds and the balance can still be owed.\nIf you are struggling to pay\nContact the lender early — before, not after, you miss a payment. Lenders can sometimes adjust the term, temporarily reduce payments, or discuss other options, and an early conversation is far better than silence. Check whether the difficulty is temporary or structural, review your whole budget and other debts, and get independent advice. Avoid using high-rate card or consumer loans to cover a mortgage shortfall, because that usually deepens the problem rather than solving it.\nKey points to carry away: Late-payment charges (遅延損害金) accrue, but the credit-record damage matters more; Continued default can trigger acceleration — the whole balance becomes due; The guarantee company may pay the bank, then pursue you for the full amount; Foreclosure can follow, and a deficiency after sale can still be owed. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/late-payments-default","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-late-payment","faq:loan-what-collateral","faq:loan-guarantee-erase-debt"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:credit-records-japan","guide:collateral-guarantee-companies","guide:debt-warning-signs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JICC","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A late payment triggers late-payment charges and a credit-record mark, and continued default can lead to acceleration of the whole balance, guarantee-company performance, collection, and ultimately foreclosure — with any deficiency still owed.\nLate charges, credit records, acceleration, collection, guarantee performance, and foreclosure.\nLate-payment charges (遅延損害金) accrue, but the credit-record damage matters more.\nContinued default can trigger acceleration — the whole balance becomes due.\nThe guarantee company may pay the bank, then pursue you for the full amount.\nForeclosure can follow, and a deficiency after sale can still be owed.\nThe consequence timeline\nA single late payment first triggers late-payment charges (遅延損害金) and, more importantly, a mark on your credit records at CIC/JICC that can affect future borrowing for years. If default continues, the lender can accelerate the loan — declaring the entire balance immediately due — and the guarantee company may perform (pay the bank). Guarantee performance does not erase your debt: the claim transfers to the guarantee company, which pursues you for the full amount. Ultimately the lender or guarantor can enforce the mortgage and foreclose, and any deficiency between the sale proceeds and the balance can still be owed.\nIf you are struggling to pay\nContact the lender early — before, not after, you miss a payment. Lenders can sometimes adjust the term, temporarily reduce payments, or discuss other options, and an early conversation is far better than silence. Check whether the difficulty is temporary or structural, review your whole budget and other debts, and get independent advice. Avoid using high-rate card or consumer loans to cover a mortgage shortfall, because that usually deepens the problem rather than solving it.\nKey points to carry away: Late-payment charges (遅延損害金) accrue, but the credit-record damage matters more; Continued default can trigger acceleration — the whole balance becomes due; The guarantee company may pay the bank, then pursue you for the full amount; Foreclosure can follow, and a deficiency after sale can still be owed. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/late-payments-default","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:credit-records-japan:en","entityId":"guide:credit-records-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japanese credit records and mortgage applications","plainText":"Japan has no single public credit score; lenders pull records from CIC and JICC, which hold application inquiries (six months at CIC) and contract, repayment, and delinquency data generally through the contract and up to five years after it ends.\nCIC, JICC, application records, delinquencies, self-disclosure, and preparation.\nThere is no single public credit score; lenders use CIC/JICC records plus proprietary underwriting.\nCIC records application inquiries for six months and contract/payment data up to five years after termination.\nYou can request your own disclosure from each organization before applying.\nAvoid repeated applications and new debt in the months before a mortgage.\nHow Japanese credit records work\nJapan does not operate one universal consumer credit score analogous to a public FICO score. Instead, lenders obtain credit information from designated or industry credit-information organizations and apply their own proprietary underwriting. CIC records application inquiries for six months and credit contracts and payment information generally during the contract and for up to five years after termination; JICC similarly publishes contract, repayment, delinquency, debt-restructuring, and related retention periods, commonly through the contract and up to five years after its end. Consumers can request their own disclosures from each organization.\nPractical preparation\nPay every account on time; a single forgotten missed payment can surface in underwriting. Avoid repeated applications immediately before a mortgage, because application inquiries are recorded and a cluster of them can look like distress. Close unnecessary revolving debt where appropriate, since open card-loan limits reduce your borrowing headroom. Check all three relevant records if you suspect a problem — an old account or an identity mismatch can be corrected before you apply. Preserve tax returns and withholding slips, and avoid job changes or major new borrowing between preapproval and closing.\nKey points to carry away: There is no single public credit score; lenders use CIC/JICC records plus proprietary underwriting; CIC records application inquiries for six months and contract/payment data up to five years after termination; You can request your own disclosure from each organization before applying; Avoid repeated applications and new debt in the months before a mortgage. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/credit-records-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-credit-record","faq:loan-multiple-applications","faq:loan-check-own-credit","faq:loan-serious-records-remain"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:borrowing-guide","guide:late-payments-default","guide:loan-application-checklist"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JICC","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Japan has no single public credit score; lenders pull records from CIC and JICC, which hold application inquiries (six months at CIC) and contract, repayment, and delinquency data generally through the contract and up to five years after it ends.\nCIC, JICC, application records, delinquencies, self-disclosure, and preparation.\nThere is no single public credit score; lenders use CIC/JICC records plus proprietary underwriting.\nCIC records application inquiries for six months and contract/payment data up to five years after termination.\nYou can request your own disclosure from each organization before applying.\nAvoid repeated applications and new debt in the months before a mortgage.\nHow Japanese credit records work\nJapan does not operate one universal consumer credit score analogous to a public FICO score. Instead, lenders obtain credit information from designated or industry credit-information organizations and apply their own proprietary underwriting. CIC records application inquiries for six months and credit contracts and payment information generally during the contract and for up to five years after termination; JICC similarly publishes contract, repayment, delinquency, debt-restructuring, and related retention periods, commonly through the contract and up to five years after its end. Consumers can request their own disclosures from each organization.\nPractical preparation\nPay every account on time; a single forgotten missed payment can surface in underwriting. Avoid repeated applications immediately before a mortgage, because application inquiries are recorded and a cluster of them can look like distress. Close unnecessary revolving debt where appropriate, since open card-loan limits reduce your borrowing headroom. Check all three relevant records if you suspect a problem — an old account or an identity mismatch can be corrected before you apply. Preserve tax returns and withholding slips, and avoid job changes or major new borrowing between preapproval and closing.\nKey points to carry away: There is no single public credit score; lenders use CIC/JICC records plus proprietary underwriting; CIC records application inquiries for six months and contract/payment data up to five years after termination; You can request your own disclosure from each organization before applying; Avoid repeated applications and new debt in the months before a mortgage. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/credit-records-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:employment-mortgage-approval:en","entityId":"guide:employment-mortgage-approval","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How employment affects mortgage approval","plainText":"A permanent salaried employee with several years of stable Japanese taxable income presents the simplest file; contract, probationary, recent-job-change, self-employed, and company-owner applicants may need more years of records and be assessed on normalized or lower income.\nEmployees, job changers, probation, contract workers, company owners, and sole proprietors.\nPermanent salaried employees with stable income and tenure present the simplest file.\nRecent job changers and probationary employees may be declined or reviewed case by case.\nContract employees can qualify with some lenders where stability and history are strong.\nCompany owners and sole proprietors usually need multiple years of financials or tax returns.\nHow lenders read employment\nLenders want evidence that your income will continue. A permanent, salaried employee with several years of stable Japanese taxable income is the easiest to underwrite. Contract employees, probationary employees, recent job changers, and commission-heavy workers introduce uncertainty: some lenders decline probationary or very recent hires, others review case by case, and stability and history carry more weight. Company owners and sole proprietors are assessed on their business’s health and often need multiple years of financial statements or tax returns, with income sometimes normalized to a conservative figure.\nWhat to provide and when to apply\nLenders commonly request withholding statements (源泉徴収票), tax certificates (課税証明書), employment confirmation, financial statements, and tax returns. If you have recently changed jobs, some lenders prefer you wait until you have a full year at the new employer, though a move within the same field at higher pay can sometimes be explained. Whatever your status, avoid changing jobs between preapproval and closing unless it is disclosed and accepted — a change at that stage can undo an approval.\nKey points to carry away: Permanent salaried employees with stable income and tenure present the simplest file; Recent job changers and probationary employees may be declined or reviewed case by case; Contract employees can qualify with some lenders where stability and history are strong; Company owners and sole proprietors usually need multiple years of financials or tax returns. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/employment-mortgage-approval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-job-changer","faq:loan-probationary","faq:loan-contract-employee","faq:loan-sole-proprietor"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-income-documents","guide:preapproval-final-approval","guide:sole-proprietor-business-loans"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A permanent salaried employee with several years of stable Japanese taxable income presents the simplest file; contract, probationary, recent-job-change, self-employed, and company-owner applicants may need more years of records and be assessed on normalized or lower income.\nEmployees, job changers, probation, contract workers, company owners, and sole proprietors.\nPermanent salaried employees with stable income and tenure present the simplest file.\nRecent job changers and probationary employees may be declined or reviewed case by case.\nContract employees can qualify with some lenders where stability and history are strong.\nCompany owners and sole proprietors usually need multiple years of financials or tax returns.\nHow lenders read employment\nLenders want evidence that your income will continue. A permanent, salaried employee with several years of stable Japanese taxable income is the easiest to underwrite. Contract employees, probationary employees, recent job changers, and commission-heavy workers introduce uncertainty: some lenders decline probationary or very recent hires, others review case by case, and stability and history carry more weight. Company owners and sole proprietors are assessed on their business’s health and often need multiple years of financial statements or tax returns, with income sometimes normalized to a conservative figure.\nWhat to provide and when to apply\nLenders commonly request withholding statements (源泉徴収票), tax certificates (課税証明書), employment confirmation, financial statements, and tax returns. If you have recently changed jobs, some lenders prefer you wait until you have a full year at the new employer, though a move within the same field at higher pay can sometimes be explained. Whatever your status, avoid changing jobs between preapproval and closing unless it is disclosed and accepted — a change at that stage can undo an approval.\nKey points to carry away: Permanent salaried employees with stable income and tenure present the simplest file; Recent job changers and probationary employees may be declined or reviewed case by case; Contract employees can qualify with some lenders where stability and history are strong; Company owners and sole proprietors usually need multiple years of financials or tax returns. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/employment-mortgage-approval","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-income-documents:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-income-documents","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Income documents required for a Japanese mortgage","plainText":"Employees typically provide withholding slips and tax certificates; the self-employed provide multiple years of tax returns; and overseas income, bonuses, and company accounts each carry documentation and recognition caveats.\nWithholding slips, tax certificates, returns, overseas income, bonuses, and company accounts.\nEmployees: withholding slips (源泉徴収票) and municipal tax certificates (課税証明書).\nSelf-employed and company owners: multiple years of tax returns or financial statements.\nOverseas income may count, but currency, tax, continuity, and translation issues can reduce recognition.\nBonus income may count, but do not rely on uncertain bonuses for affordability.\nThe document checklist\nFor employees, lenders commonly request the annual withholding slip (源泉徴収票), one or more years of municipal tax certificates (課税証明書 or 納税証明書), and employment confirmation such as a certificate, contract, and evidence of salary deposits. For sole proprietors and company owners, expect to provide multiple years of final tax returns and, for a company, financial statements. Keep the originals organized, because the final approval stage checks these against what you stated at preapproval, and discrepancies can derail the file.\nOverseas income, bonuses, and company accounts\nOverseas income sometimes counts, but currency risk, foreign-tax treatment, continuity, and the need for translated documents can reduce how much a lender recognizes. Bonus income may be counted, but households should not rely on uncertain bonuses for affordability — a base-salary-only budget is safer. For company owners, the lender looks past headline salary to the company’s accounts, and a director drawing a low salary from a healthy company, or a high salary from a fragile one, will be assessed on the underlying business. When in doubt, ask each lender exactly which income it will recognize before you rely on it.\nKey points to carry away: Employees: withholding slips (源泉徴収票) and municipal tax certificates (課税証明書); Self-employed and company owners: multiple years of tax returns or financial statements; Overseas income may count, but currency, tax, continuity, and translation issues can reduce recognition; Bonus income may count, but do not rely on uncertain bonuses for affordability. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-income-documents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-income-documents","faq:loan-years-income-history","faq:loan-overseas-income","faq:loan-bonus-income"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:employment-mortgage-approval","guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:mortgage-document-checklist"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Employees typically provide withholding slips and tax certificates; the self-employed provide multiple years of tax returns; and overseas income, bonuses, and company accounts each carry documentation and recognition caveats.\nWithholding slips, tax certificates, returns, overseas income, bonuses, and company accounts.\nEmployees: withholding slips (源泉徴収票) and municipal tax certificates (課税証明書).\nSelf-employed and company owners: multiple years of tax returns or financial statements.\nOverseas income may count, but currency, tax, continuity, and translation issues can reduce recognition.\nBonus income may count, but do not rely on uncertain bonuses for affordability.\nThe document checklist\nFor employees, lenders commonly request the annual withholding slip (源泉徴収票), one or more years of municipal tax certificates (課税証明書 or 納税証明書), and employment confirmation such as a certificate, contract, and evidence of salary deposits. For sole proprietors and company owners, expect to provide multiple years of final tax returns and, for a company, financial statements. Keep the originals organized, because the final approval stage checks these against what you stated at preapproval, and discrepancies can derail the file.\nOverseas income, bonuses, and company accounts\nOverseas income sometimes counts, but currency risk, foreign-tax treatment, continuity, and the need for translated documents can reduce how much a lender recognizes. Bonus income may be counted, but households should not rely on uncertain bonuses for affordability — a base-salary-only budget is safer. For company owners, the lender looks past headline salary to the company’s accounts, and a director drawing a low salary from a healthy company, or a high salary from a fragile one, will be assessed on the underlying business. When in doubt, ask each lender exactly which income it will recognize before you rely on it.\nKey points to carry away: Employees: withholding slips (源泉徴収票) and municipal tax certificates (課税証明書); Self-employed and company owners: multiple years of tax returns or financial statements; Overseas income may count, but currency, tax, continuity, and translation issues can reduce recognition; Bonus income may count, but do not rely on uncertain bonuses for affordability. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-income-documents","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:variable-rate-mortgages:en","entityId":"guide:variable-rate-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Variable-rate mortgages in Japan","plainText":"A variable-rate mortgage is cheaper now but its rate is reviewed periodically and you bear any increase — suitable only for households with large reserves that survive a 2–3 point rise without selling.\nHow variable rates work, who they suit, the stress test, and the payment-rule traps.\nThe rate is reviewed periodically, commonly twice a year; the household bears increases.\nChoose it only if you survive a 2–3 point rise without selling.\nFive-year/125% rules smooth payment changes but do not cap the rate or stop interest.\nComplacency about future rates and slower amortization are the main dangers.\nHow a variable-rate mortgage works\nA variable-rate mortgage (変動金利) has a rate that is reviewed periodically — commonly recalculated twice a year — against the lender’s reference rate. The advertised rate is usually low because you, not the lender, bear the risk of rate increases. Some loans apply a five-year rule (the payment amount is recalculated only every five years) and a 125% rule (a payment increase is capped at 125% at review); these smooth the shock but do not cap the interest rate or stop interest accruing, and some lenders do not use them.\nBest fit, poor fit, and the stress test\nVariable suits a borrower with large cash reserves and the ability to absorb increases — someone who could prepay or ride out a rate spike. It is a poor fit for a household whose affordability depends on the starting rate, because a loan you can afford only at the initial rate is a loan you cannot safely afford. Before choosing variable, model the payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points and confirm stressed housing costs stay within a prudent share of net income. Given that Japan left the near-zero era in 2026, this stress test is now essential rather than theoretical.\nKey points to carry away: The rate is reviewed periodically, commonly twice a year; the household bears increases; Choose it only if you survive a 2–3 point rise without selling; Five-year/125% rules smooth payment changes but do not cap the rate or stop interest; Complacency about future rates and slower amortization are the main dangers. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/variable-rate-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-variable-risky","faq:loan-rate-rise","faq:loan-variable-change-frequency"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:five-year-125-percent-rule","guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A variable-rate mortgage is cheaper now but its rate is reviewed periodically and you bear any increase — suitable only for households with large reserves that survive a 2–3 point rise without selling.\nHow variable rates work, who they suit, the stress test, and the payment-rule traps.\nThe rate is reviewed periodically, commonly twice a year; the household bears increases.\nChoose it only if you survive a 2–3 point rise without selling.\nFive-year/125% rules smooth payment changes but do not cap the rate or stop interest.\nComplacency about future rates and slower amortization are the main dangers.\nHow a variable-rate mortgage works\nA variable-rate mortgage (変動金利) has a rate that is reviewed periodically — commonly recalculated twice a year — against the lender’s reference rate. The advertised rate is usually low because you, not the lender, bear the risk of rate increases. Some loans apply a five-year rule (the payment amount is recalculated only every five years) and a 125% rule (a payment increase is capped at 125% at review); these smooth the shock but do not cap the interest rate or stop interest accruing, and some lenders do not use them.\nBest fit, poor fit, and the stress test\nVariable suits a borrower with large cash reserves and the ability to absorb increases — someone who could prepay or ride out a rate spike. It is a poor fit for a household whose affordability depends on the starting rate, because a loan you can afford only at the initial rate is a loan you cannot safely afford. Before choosing variable, model the payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points and confirm stressed housing costs stay within a prudent share of net income. Given that Japan left the near-zero era in 2026, this stress test is now essential rather than theoretical.\nKey points to carry away: The rate is reviewed periodically, commonly twice a year; the household bears increases; Choose it only if you survive a 2–3 point rise without selling; Five-year/125% rules smooth payment changes but do not cap the rate or stop interest; Complacency about future rates and slower amortization are the main dangers. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/variable-rate-mortgages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-rate-mortgages:en","entityId":"guide:fixed-rate-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fixed-rate mortgages in Japan","plainText":"A fixed-rate mortgage locks the rate for the whole term (like Flat 35) or an initial period, costing more now for payment certainty later — but it removes interest-rate risk only, not income, property, or life risk.\nFull-term and fixed-period fixed rates, who they suit, and what \"fixed\" does and does not remove.\nFull-term fixed (e.g. Flat 35) locks the rate for the entire loan.\nIt costs more now than a promotional variable rate, buying payment certainty.\nFixed removes interest-rate risk, not income, property, inflation, or life risk.\nBest for borrowers who value certainty and cannot absorb a large rate rise.\nHow fixed-rate mortgages work\nA fixed-rate mortgage (固定金利) locks the rate either for the whole term or for an initial period. Full-term fixed loans — most prominently Flat 35 — hold the same rate for 21–35 years (or longer), so the payment never changes. The trade-off is that the initial rate is higher than a promotional variable rate: you pay more now in exchange for removing the risk of future increases. This certainty is valuable precisely for households that could not comfortably absorb a rate rise.\nWhat fixed does and does not remove\nA fixed rate removes specified interest-rate risk — but it is not \"risk-free.\" It does not protect against a loss of income, a fall in property value, inflation eroding your real position, or life events like illness or divorce, and if market rates later fall you keep paying the higher fixed rate unless you refinance (which has its own costs and health screening). Choose fixed for certainty and an eligible property; choose a lower-cost variable or fixed-period loan only if you are a strong applicant who can genuinely absorb rate increases.\nKey points to carry away: Full-term fixed (e.g. Flat 35) locks the rate for the entire loan; It costs more now than a promotional variable rate, buying payment certainty; Fixed removes interest-rate risk, not income, property, inflation, or life risk; Best for borrowers who value certainty and cannot absorb a large rate rise. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/fixed-rate-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-fixed","faq:loan-fixed-risk-free","faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","guide:fixed-period-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A fixed-rate mortgage locks the rate for the whole term (like Flat 35) or an initial period, costing more now for payment certainty later — but it removes interest-rate risk only, not income, property, or life risk.\nFull-term and fixed-period fixed rates, who they suit, and what \"fixed\" does and does not remove.\nFull-term fixed (e.g. Flat 35) locks the rate for the entire loan.\nIt costs more now than a promotional variable rate, buying payment certainty.\nFixed removes interest-rate risk, not income, property, inflation, or life risk.\nBest for borrowers who value certainty and cannot absorb a large rate rise.\nHow fixed-rate mortgages work\nA fixed-rate mortgage (固定金利) locks the rate either for the whole term or for an initial period. Full-term fixed loans — most prominently Flat 35 — hold the same rate for 21–35 years (or longer), so the payment never changes. The trade-off is that the initial rate is higher than a promotional variable rate: you pay more now in exchange for removing the risk of future increases. This certainty is valuable precisely for households that could not comfortably absorb a rate rise.\nWhat fixed does and does not remove\nA fixed rate removes specified interest-rate risk — but it is not \"risk-free.\" It does not protect against a loss of income, a fall in property value, inflation eroding your real position, or life events like illness or divorce, and if market rates later fall you keep paying the higher fixed rate unless you refinance (which has its own costs and health screening). Choose fixed for certainty and an eligible property; choose a lower-cost variable or fixed-period loan only if you are a strong applicant who can genuinely absorb rate increases.\nKey points to carry away: Full-term fixed (e.g. Flat 35) locks the rate for the entire loan; It costs more now than a promotional variable rate, buying payment certainty; Fixed removes interest-rate risk, not income, property, inflation, or life risk; Best for borrowers who value certainty and cannot absorb a large rate rise. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/fixed-rate-mortgages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-period-mortgages:en","entityId":"guide:fixed-period-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fixed-period mortgages","plainText":"A fixed-period mortgage fixes the rate for an initial 2–20 years, then reprices at the then-current rate and contractual discount — offering temporary certainty but a potentially large reset afterward.\nHow a fixed-selection loan works, what happens at reset, and the large-reset risk.\nThe rate is fixed for an initial window (e.g. 2, 3, 5, 10, or 20 years), then reprices.\nA 10-year fixed-selection loan is not a 35-year fully fixed loan.\nAt reset, the then-current rate and any contractual discount apply — potentially much higher.\nIt suits borrowers wanting certainty for a defined period, not the whole term.\nHow a fixed-period loan works\nA fixed-period or fixed-selection mortgage fixes the rate for an initial window — commonly 2, 3, 5, 10, or 20 years — and then reprices. It gives temporary certainty at a rate usually between a pure variable and a full-term fixed loan. The crucial point is that a 10-year fixed-selection loan is not a 35-year fully fixed Flat 35 loan: after the fixed period ends, the rate resets to the then-current rate minus whatever discount your contract still provides, which can be much higher than your initial rate.\nThe reset risk\nThe danger is a large reset. Borrowers sometimes treat the low initial fixed rate as the loan’s permanent character and are surprised when the reset arrives — especially if rates have risen in the meantime, as they did in Japan in 2026. Before choosing this structure, model the payment at plausible reset rates, confirm the discount margin that will apply after the fixed period, and make sure the household could absorb the reset. It suits a borrower with a defined certainty horizon (for example, planning to sell or refinance within the fixed window) more than a long-term hold.\nKey points to carry away: The rate is fixed for an initial window (e.g. 2, 3, 5, 10, or 20 years), then reprices; A 10-year fixed-selection loan is not a 35-year fully fixed loan; At reset, the then-current rate and any contractual discount apply — potentially much higher; It suits borrowers wanting certainty for a defined period, not the whole term. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/fixed-period-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fixed-period","faq:loan-after-fixed-period"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:mixed-rate-mortgages","guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"Resona Bank","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A fixed-period mortgage fixes the rate for an initial 2–20 years, then reprices at the then-current rate and contractual discount — offering temporary certainty but a potentially large reset afterward.\nHow a fixed-selection loan works, what happens at reset, and the large-reset risk.\nThe rate is fixed for an initial window (e.g. 2, 3, 5, 10, or 20 years), then reprices.\nA 10-year fixed-selection loan is not a 35-year fully fixed loan.\nAt reset, the then-current rate and any contractual discount apply — potentially much higher.\nIt suits borrowers wanting certainty for a defined period, not the whole term.\nHow a fixed-period loan works\nA fixed-period or fixed-selection mortgage fixes the rate for an initial window — commonly 2, 3, 5, 10, or 20 years — and then reprices. It gives temporary certainty at a rate usually between a pure variable and a full-term fixed loan. The crucial point is that a 10-year fixed-selection loan is not a 35-year fully fixed Flat 35 loan: after the fixed period ends, the rate resets to the then-current rate minus whatever discount your contract still provides, which can be much higher than your initial rate.\nThe reset risk\nThe danger is a large reset. Borrowers sometimes treat the low initial fixed rate as the loan’s permanent character and are surprised when the reset arrives — especially if rates have risen in the meantime, as they did in Japan in 2026. Before choosing this structure, model the payment at plausible reset rates, confirm the discount margin that will apply after the fixed period, and make sure the household could absorb the reset. It suits a borrower with a defined certainty horizon (for example, planning to sell or refinance within the fixed window) more than a long-term hold.\nKey points to carry away: The rate is fixed for an initial window (e.g. 2, 3, 5, 10, or 20 years), then reprices; A 10-year fixed-selection loan is not a 35-year fully fixed loan; At reset, the then-current rate and any contractual discount apply — potentially much higher; It suits borrowers wanting certainty for a defined period, not the whole term. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/fixed-period-mortgages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mixed-rate-mortgages:en","entityId":"guide:mixed-rate-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mixed-rate mortgages","plainText":"A mixed-rate mortgage splits the borrowing between variable and fixed portions, reducing concentration in one rate type but adding complexity and not guaranteeing the lowest total cost.\nSplitting borrowing between variable and fixed portions — what it reduces and what it does not.\nThe loan is split into a variable portion and a fixed portion.\nIt reduces concentration in either rate type but adds management complexity.\nMixing does not guarantee the lowest total cost — it is a middle path.\nYou must manage two sets of assumptions and two reset behaviors.\nHow mixing works and what it does\nA mixed-rate mortgage splits your borrowing between a variable-rate portion and a fixed-rate portion — for example half and half. If rates rise, only the variable half is affected; if rates stay low, you still benefit on that half. This reduces concentration in either rate type, which some borrowers find psychologically and financially steadying. But mixing does not guarantee the lowest total cost: it is a deliberate middle path, and a pure variable loan would be cheaper if rates stay low while a pure fixed loan would be cheaper if rates rise sharply.\nThe complexity cost\nThe trade-off is management complexity. You hold two sets of assumptions — the variable portion’s reset behavior and the fixed portion’s term — and prepayment, refinancing, and stress-testing must consider both. For most borrowers a clear choice between fixed and variable, matched to their reserves and risk tolerance, is simpler and easier to monitor. Consider mixing only if you specifically want to hedge and are comfortable tracking two structures over decades.\nKey points to carry away: The loan is split into a variable portion and a fixed portion; It reduces concentration in either rate type but adds management complexity; Mixing does not guarantee the lowest total cost — it is a middle path; You must manage two sets of assumptions and two reset behaviors. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mixed-rate-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-mixed","faq:loan-mixing-reduce-risk"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:fixed-period-mortgages","guide:variable-rate-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A mixed-rate mortgage splits the borrowing between variable and fixed portions, reducing concentration in one rate type but adding complexity and not guaranteeing the lowest total cost.\nSplitting borrowing between variable and fixed portions — what it reduces and what it does not.\nThe loan is split into a variable portion and a fixed portion.\nIt reduces concentration in either rate type but adds management complexity.\nMixing does not guarantee the lowest total cost — it is a middle path.\nYou must manage two sets of assumptions and two reset behaviors.\nHow mixing works and what it does\nA mixed-rate mortgage splits your borrowing between a variable-rate portion and a fixed-rate portion — for example half and half. If rates rise, only the variable half is affected; if rates stay low, you still benefit on that half. This reduces concentration in either rate type, which some borrowers find psychologically and financially steadying. But mixing does not guarantee the lowest total cost: it is a deliberate middle path, and a pure variable loan would be cheaper if rates stay low while a pure fixed loan would be cheaper if rates rise sharply.\nThe complexity cost\nThe trade-off is management complexity. You hold two sets of assumptions — the variable portion’s reset behavior and the fixed portion’s term — and prepayment, refinancing, and stress-testing must consider both. For most borrowers a clear choice between fixed and variable, matched to their reserves and risk tolerance, is simpler and easier to monitor. Consider mixing only if you specifically want to hedge and are comfortable tracking two structures over decades.\nKey points to carry away: The loan is split into a variable portion and a fixed portion; It reduces concentration in either rate type but adds management complexity; Mixing does not guarantee the lowest total cost — it is a middle path; You must manage two sets of assumptions and two reset behaviors. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/mixed-rate-mortgages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35:en","entityId":"guide:flat-35","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Flat 35: the complete guide","plainText":"Flat 35 is a fully fixed-rate mortgage provided through partner lenders under the Japan Housing Finance Agency; it is rules-based, does not always require permanent residence, and needs the property to meet technical standards.\nWhat Flat 35 is, eligibility, rates, property standards, discounts, and who it suits.\nFully fixed for the term; the standard August 2026 market rate was around 3.29% for 21–35 years.\nRules-based and does not always require PR, making it a common non-PR route.\nThe property must meet applicable technical standards and certification.\nBase pricing clusters across providers, but lender fees and products differ.\nWhat Flat 35 is\nFlat 35 is a fully fixed-rate mortgage offered through participating financial institutions under the Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF) purchase or guarantee structures — it is not a direct government loan, but it is more rules-based than an ordinary bank mortgage. Because eligibility is published and standardized, and because it does not always require permanent residence, it is a common route for non-PR foreign buyers who meet the nationality/residence and property conditions. In August 2026, the standard market execution rate had risen to about 3.29% for 21–35 years before qualifying point reductions, with a published July range spanning roughly 3.14%–5.40% depending on LTV and term.\nProperty standards and discounts\nA distinctive feature is that the property must meet applicable technical standards and pass certification — Flat 35 will finance a used home if eligibility and technical requirements are met, but it will not finance an ordinary rental-investment property. Shorter Flat 20 and eligible longer Flat 50 structures exist, so \"Flat 35\" is not always 35 years. Discount frameworks — Flat 35S for housing performance and Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus for qualifying households — reduce the rate, but many point reductions apply for specified initial years rather than the full term, so read exactly how long each discount lasts.\nBest fit and how to compare\nFlat 35 suits a borrower who wants full-term payment certainty and has a qualifying property, and non-PR buyers who can meet its rules. Its higher base rate than promotional variable loans is the cost of that certainty. Because base pricing clusters across providers, compare the parts that differ: the origination fee model, guarantee/appraisal costs, insurance additions (the official July schedule showed pair life insurance at +0.18 point and three-major-disease insurance at +0.24 point), discount points, and processing. Super Flat variants may reward a large down payment with a lower rate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/flat-35","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-flat35","faq:loan-flat35-government","faq:loan-flat35-always-35","faq:loan-flat35-used-home","faq:loan-flat35-investment"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35s","guide:flat-35-child-rearing-plus","guide:flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage","guide:flat-35-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/tech/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Flat 35 is a fully fixed-rate mortgage provided through partner lenders under the Japan Housing Finance Agency; it is rules-based, does not always require permanent residence, and needs the property to meet technical standards.\nWhat Flat 35 is, eligibility, rates, property standards, discounts, and who it suits.\nFully fixed for the term; the standard August 2026 market rate was around 3.29% for 21–35 years.\nRules-based and does not always require PR, making it a common non-PR route.\nThe property must meet applicable technical standards and certification.\nBase pricing clusters across providers, but lender fees and products differ.\nWhat Flat 35 is\nFlat 35 is a fully fixed-rate mortgage offered through participating financial institutions under the Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF) purchase or guarantee structures — it is not a direct government loan, but it is more rules-based than an ordinary bank mortgage. Because eligibility is published and standardized, and because it does not always require permanent residence, it is a common route for non-PR foreign buyers who meet the nationality/residence and property conditions. In August 2026, the standard market execution rate had risen to about 3.29% for 21–35 years before qualifying point reductions, with a published July range spanning roughly 3.14%–5.40% depending on LTV and term.\nProperty standards and discounts\nA distinctive feature is that the property must meet applicable technical standards and pass certification — Flat 35 will finance a used home if eligibility and technical requirements are met, but it will not finance an ordinary rental-investment property. Shorter Flat 20 and eligible longer Flat 50 structures exist, so \"Flat 35\" is not always 35 years. Discount frameworks — Flat 35S for housing performance and Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus for qualifying households — reduce the rate, but many point reductions apply for specified initial years rather than the full term, so read exactly how long each discount lasts.\nBest fit and how to compare\nFlat 35 suits a borrower who wants full-term payment certainty and has a qualifying property, and non-PR buyers who can meet its rules. Its higher base rate than promotional variable loans is the cost of that certainty. Because base pricing clusters across providers, compare the parts that differ: the origination fee model, guarantee/appraisal costs, insurance additions (the official July schedule showed pair life insurance at +0.18 point and three-major-disease insurance at +0.24 point), discount points, and processing. Super Flat variants may reward a large down payment with a lower rate.","url":"/en/loans/flat-35","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35s:en","entityId":"guide:flat-35s","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Flat 35S and housing-performance discounts","plainText":"Flat 35S is a rate-reduction framework for homes meeting higher standards in energy efficiency, seismic performance, durability, or accessibility — but the reduction applies for specified initial years, not the whole term.\nHow Flat 35S reduces the rate for qualifying housing performance, and how long the discount lasts.\nFlat 35S reduces the Flat 35 rate for homes meeting qualifying performance standards.\nThe reduction applies for a set number of initial years, then the standard rate resumes.\nPerformance categories include energy efficiency, seismic, durability, and accessibility.\nConfirm the qualifying category, the reduction size, and the discount duration.\nHow Flat 35S works\nFlat 35S is a rate-reduction framework layered on top of Flat 35 for homes that meet higher standards in categories such as energy efficiency, seismic performance, durability and variability, or accessibility. A qualifying home earns a reduction to the Flat 35 rate for a specified number of initial years — the exact reduction and the number of discounted years depend on the plan tier and the property’s certified performance. After the discounted period ends, the standard Flat 35 rate resumes for the remaining term.\nWhat to check before relying on it\nBecause the reduction is temporary, model your payment both during and after the discounted years — a home that looks affordable on the reduced rate must still be affordable at the full rate. Confirm which performance category the property qualifies under, obtain the certification, verify the reduction size and the number of discounted years with the provider, and remember that these frameworks are updated periodically, so check the current terms rather than an older figure. Flat 35S can meaningfully lower early costs for an efficient or seismically strong home, but it is not a permanent rate cut.\nKey points to carry away: Flat 35S reduces the Flat 35 rate for homes meeting qualifying performance standards; The reduction applies for a set number of initial years, then the standard rate resumes; Performance categories include energy efficiency, seismic, durability, and accessibility; Confirm the qualifying category, the reduction size, and the discount duration. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/flat-35s","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-flat35s","faq:loan-flat35-discounts-permanent"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:flat-35-child-rearing-plus","guide:earthquake-standards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35s/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Flat 35S is a rate-reduction framework for homes meeting higher standards in energy efficiency, seismic performance, durability, or accessibility — but the reduction applies for specified initial years, not the whole term.\nHow Flat 35S reduces the rate for qualifying housing performance, and how long the discount lasts.\nFlat 35S reduces the Flat 35 rate for homes meeting qualifying performance standards.\nThe reduction applies for a set number of initial years, then the standard rate resumes.\nPerformance categories include energy efficiency, seismic, durability, and accessibility.\nConfirm the qualifying category, the reduction size, and the discount duration.\nHow Flat 35S works\nFlat 35S is a rate-reduction framework layered on top of Flat 35 for homes that meet higher standards in categories such as energy efficiency, seismic performance, durability and variability, or accessibility. A qualifying home earns a reduction to the Flat 35 rate for a specified number of initial years — the exact reduction and the number of discounted years depend on the plan tier and the property’s certified performance. After the discounted period ends, the standard Flat 35 rate resumes for the remaining term.\nWhat to check before relying on it\nBecause the reduction is temporary, model your payment both during and after the discounted years — a home that looks affordable on the reduced rate must still be affordable at the full rate. Confirm which performance category the property qualifies under, obtain the certification, verify the reduction size and the number of discounted years with the provider, and remember that these frameworks are updated periodically, so check the current terms rather than an older figure. Flat 35S can meaningfully lower early costs for an efficient or seismically strong home, but it is not a permanent rate cut.\nKey points to carry away: Flat 35S reduces the Flat 35 rate for homes meeting qualifying performance standards; The reduction applies for a set number of initial years, then the standard rate resumes; Performance categories include energy efficiency, seismic, durability, and accessibility; Confirm the qualifying category, the reduction size, and the discount duration. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/flat-35s","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35-child-rearing-plus:en","entityId":"guide:flat-35-child-rearing-plus","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus","plainText":"Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus is a point-based reduction that lowers the rate for qualifying households — such as those raising children — with the discount applying for specified initial years and stacking with other Flat 35 point reductions.\nA point-based rate reduction connected to qualifying household and housing conditions.\nA point-based reduction for qualifying households, including child-rearing families.\nPoints can stack with Flat 35S and other qualifying reductions.\nThe reduction applies for specified initial years, not the whole term.\nConfirm eligibility, the point count, and the discount duration with the provider.\nHow the point system works\nFlat 35 Child-Rearing Plus reduces the rate through a point system tied to qualifying household and housing conditions, with families raising children a central qualifying group. Each qualifying condition earns points, and the points translate into an initial-years rate reduction that can stack with other Flat 35 reductions such as Flat 35S for housing performance. The more qualifying conditions the household and home meet, the larger the combined early-year reduction.\nWhat to confirm\nAs with all Flat 35 point reductions, the discount applies for specified initial years and then the standard rate resumes, so model the payment after the discount ends. Confirm your household’s eligibility, the exact point count, how the points combine with other reductions, and the number of discounted years, and check the current program terms because these frameworks are periodically revised. Treat the reduction as a welcome early-year saving, not a permanent lower rate.\nKey points to carry away: A point-based reduction for qualifying households, including child-rearing families; Points can stack with Flat 35S and other qualifying reductions; The reduction applies for specified initial years, not the whole term; Confirm eligibility, the point count, and the discount duration with the provider. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/flat-35-child-rearing-plus","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-flat35-child","faq:loan-flat35-discounts-permanent"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:flat-35s"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35_reform/child.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus is a point-based reduction that lowers the rate for qualifying households — such as those raising children — with the discount applying for specified initial years and stacking with other Flat 35 point reductions.\nA point-based rate reduction connected to qualifying household and housing conditions.\nA point-based reduction for qualifying households, including child-rearing families.\nPoints can stack with Flat 35S and other qualifying reductions.\nThe reduction applies for specified initial years, not the whole term.\nConfirm eligibility, the point count, and the discount duration with the provider.\nHow the point system works\nFlat 35 Child-Rearing Plus reduces the rate through a point system tied to qualifying household and housing conditions, with families raising children a central qualifying group. Each qualifying condition earns points, and the points translate into an initial-years rate reduction that can stack with other Flat 35 reductions such as Flat 35S for housing performance. The more qualifying conditions the household and home meet, the larger the combined early-year reduction.\nWhat to confirm\nAs with all Flat 35 point reductions, the discount applies for specified initial years and then the standard rate resumes, so model the payment after the discount ends. Confirm your household’s eligibility, the exact point count, how the points combine with other reductions, and the number of discounted years, and check the current program terms because these frameworks are periodically revised. Treat the reduction as a welcome early-year saving, not a permanent lower rate.\nKey points to carry away: A point-based reduction for qualifying households, including child-rearing families; Points can stack with Flat 35S and other qualifying reductions; The reduction applies for specified initial years, not the whole term; Confirm eligibility, the point count, and the discount duration with the provider. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/flat-35-child-rearing-plus","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pair-loans:en","entityId":"guide:pair-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Pair loans for couples","plainText":"A pair loan is two separate mortgages, one for each partner, potentially letting both claim mortgage tax relief — but it means two contracts, two fees, two debts, and serious complications on divorce, death, leave, or income loss.\nTwo earners each borrowing, the tax and ownership upside, and the divorce/death risks.\nTwo separate loans and registrations mean two sets of fees.\nBoth partners may claim mortgage tax relief according to their ownership and debt.\nOn divorce, debt and title remain until lawfully transferred or refinanced — a spouse agreement alone does not release the bank.\nIf one borrower dies, insurance generally clears only that person’s loan unless a joint-life product applies.\nHow a pair loan works\nA pair loan (ペアローン) is two separate mortgages — one for each partner — usually on the same property, with each partner owning a share matching their loan. Because there are two contracts and two mortgage registrations, there are often two sets of fees. The main attraction is that each partner can potentially claim the mortgage tax deduction on their own qualifying loan balance, ownership, and tax position, and the combined borrowing capacity can be higher than a single earner’s. It fits two durable careers with aligned, long-term intentions for the home.\nDivorce, death, and income-loss risk\nThe risks are real. On divorce, the debt and title remain until they are lawfully transferred or the loan is refinanced — an agreement between spouses alone does not release the bank’s claim, so one partner can stay liable for a loan on a home they no longer want. If one pair-loan borrower dies, group credit life insurance generally clears only the insured person’s loan, not automatically both, unless a joint-life product applies — the survivor keeps their own loan. Parental leave or a drop in one income also strains a structure built on two full incomes. Weigh these against the tax and capacity benefits before committing.\nKey points to carry away: Two separate loans and registrations mean two sets of fees; Both partners may claim mortgage tax relief according to their ownership and debt; On divorce, debt and title remain until lawfully transferred or refinanced — a spouse agreement alone does not release the bank; If one borrower dies, insurance generally clears only that person’s loan unless a joint-life product applies. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/pair-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-pair-loan","faq:loan-pair-two-fees","faq:loan-pair-both-tax-relief","faq:loan-pair-divorce","faq:loan-pair-death"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:income-combination-mortgages","guide:pair-loan-vs-income-combination","guide:mortgage-life-insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A pair loan is two separate mortgages, one for each partner, potentially letting both claim mortgage tax relief — but it means two contracts, two fees, two debts, and serious complications on divorce, death, leave, or income loss.\nTwo earners each borrowing, the tax and ownership upside, and the divorce/death risks.\nTwo separate loans and registrations mean two sets of fees.\nBoth partners may claim mortgage tax relief according to their ownership and debt.\nOn divorce, debt and title remain until lawfully transferred or refinanced — a spouse agreement alone does not release the bank.\nIf one borrower dies, insurance generally clears only that person’s loan unless a joint-life product applies.\nHow a pair loan works\nA pair loan (ペアローン) is two separate mortgages — one for each partner — usually on the same property, with each partner owning a share matching their loan. Because there are two contracts and two mortgage registrations, there are often two sets of fees. The main attraction is that each partner can potentially claim the mortgage tax deduction on their own qualifying loan balance, ownership, and tax position, and the combined borrowing capacity can be higher than a single earner’s. It fits two durable careers with aligned, long-term intentions for the home.\nDivorce, death, and income-loss risk\nThe risks are real. On divorce, the debt and title remain until they are lawfully transferred or the loan is refinanced — an agreement between spouses alone does not release the bank’s claim, so one partner can stay liable for a loan on a home they no longer want. If one pair-loan borrower dies, group credit life insurance generally clears only the insured person’s loan, not automatically both, unless a joint-life product applies — the survivor keeps their own loan. Parental leave or a drop in one income also strains a structure built on two full incomes. Weigh these against the tax and capacity benefits before committing.\nKey points to carry away: Two separate loans and registrations mean two sets of fees; Both partners may claim mortgage tax relief according to their ownership and debt; On divorce, debt and title remain until lawfully transferred or refinanced — a spouse agreement alone does not release the bank; If one borrower dies, insurance generally clears only that person’s loan unless a joint-life product applies. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/pair-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:income-combination-mortgages:en","entityId":"guide:income-combination-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Income-combination and joint-debtor mortgages","plainText":"Income combination counts a second person’s income under one main loan to raise qualifying income; that person may be a guarantor or joint debtor, potentially liable without equivalent ownership or insurance protection.\nIncreasing qualifying income under one loan, and the liability/insurance caveats.\nOne main loan counts a second person’s income to raise qualifying income.\nThe income contributor may be a guarantor or a joint debtor depending on the structure.\nA joint debtor can be responsible for the full obligation.\nThe contributor may have liability without matching ownership or life-insurance cover.\nHow income combination works\nIncome combination (収入合算) increases the qualifying income under a single main loan by counting a second person’s income — usually a spouse. Unlike a pair loan’s two separate mortgages, this is one loan structure. Depending on the arrangement, the income contributor is either a guarantor (連帯保証人) or a joint debtor (連帯債務者). Some Flat 35 structures use a joint-debtor arrangement in which each debtor may be responsible for the full obligation, not just a share.\nThe liability and insurance caveat\nThe key caveat is that the combined-income person may take on liability without an equivalent ownership share or life-insurance protection. A guarantor or joint debtor can be pursued for the debt, yet may not hold title in proportion, and group credit life insurance may cover only the main borrower — so if the main borrower dies, the contributor could still be liable while receiving no insurance payout. Review who owns what, who is insured, and what happens on death, divorce, or income loss before choosing income combination over a simpler single-borrower loan.\nKey points to carry away: One main loan counts a second person’s income to raise qualifying income; The income contributor may be a guarantor or a joint debtor depending on the structure; A joint debtor can be responsible for the full obligation; The contributor may have liability without matching ownership or life-insurance cover. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/income-combination-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-combined-income","faq:loan-contributor-liable"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pair-loans","guide:pair-loan-vs-income-combination","guide:parent-child-relay-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Income combination counts a second person’s income under one main loan to raise qualifying income; that person may be a guarantor or joint debtor, potentially liable without equivalent ownership or insurance protection.\nIncreasing qualifying income under one loan, and the liability/insurance caveats.\nOne main loan counts a second person’s income to raise qualifying income.\nThe income contributor may be a guarantor or a joint debtor depending on the structure.\nA joint debtor can be responsible for the full obligation.\nThe contributor may have liability without matching ownership or life-insurance cover.\nHow income combination works\nIncome combination (収入合算) increases the qualifying income under a single main loan by counting a second person’s income — usually a spouse. Unlike a pair loan’s two separate mortgages, this is one loan structure. Depending on the arrangement, the income contributor is either a guarantor (連帯保証人) or a joint debtor (連帯債務者). Some Flat 35 structures use a joint-debtor arrangement in which each debtor may be responsible for the full obligation, not just a share.\nThe liability and insurance caveat\nThe key caveat is that the combined-income person may take on liability without an equivalent ownership share or life-insurance protection. A guarantor or joint debtor can be pursued for the debt, yet may not hold title in proportion, and group credit life insurance may cover only the main borrower — so if the main borrower dies, the contributor could still be liable while receiving no insurance payout. Review who owns what, who is insured, and what happens on death, divorce, or income loss before choosing income combination over a simpler single-borrower loan.\nKey points to carry away: One main loan counts a second person’s income to raise qualifying income; The income contributor may be a guarantor or a joint debtor depending on the structure; A joint debtor can be responsible for the full obligation; The contributor may have liability without matching ownership or life-insurance cover. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/income-combination-mortgages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:parent-child-relay-mortgages:en","entityId":"guide:parent-child-relay-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Parent-child relay mortgages","plainText":"A parent-child relay loan bases the repayment term partly on a younger successor borrower, extending the term — but it carries estate, occupancy, ownership, insurance, and family-fairness risks that need professional planning.\nAn intergenerational repayment plan, and the estate, ownership, and family-dispute risks.\nThe repayment term is based partly on a younger successor borrower, allowing a longer term.\nIt can support an intergenerational home and repayment plan.\nEstate, occupancy, ownership, insurance, and sibling-fairness issues need planning.\nGet professional advice on title, debt, and insurance before committing.\nHow a relay loan works\nA parent-child relay mortgage bases the repayment term partly on a younger successor borrower — typically a child — so the loan can run longer than the parent’s age alone would allow. The parent repays initially and the child continues, which can make an intergenerational home purchase or rebuild feasible. It is one way to align a long-lived asset with a two-generation repayment plan.\nEstate and family risks\nThe structure entwines two generations’ finances and estates, so it needs careful planning. Consider who will own the property and in what shares, who occupies it, how the debt and title pass on the parent’s death, whether group credit life insurance covers the right person at the right time, and — often overlooked — fairness among siblings who are not on the loan. A relay loan can be a sound part of inheritance planning, but title, debt, insurance, and sibling fairness require professional advice from a tax accountant and, where appropriate, a lawyer or judicial scrivener.\nKey points to carry away: The repayment term is based partly on a younger successor borrower, allowing a longer term; It can support an intergenerational home and repayment plan; Estate, occupancy, ownership, insurance, and sibling-fairness issues need planning; Get professional advice on title, debt, and insurance before committing. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/parent-child-relay-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-parent-child-relay","faq:loan-relay-inheritance"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:income-combination-mortgages","guide:property-inheritance-gifts","guide:reverse-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Justice","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A parent-child relay loan bases the repayment term partly on a younger successor borrower, extending the term — but it carries estate, occupancy, ownership, insurance, and family-fairness risks that need professional planning.\nAn intergenerational repayment plan, and the estate, ownership, and family-dispute risks.\nThe repayment term is based partly on a younger successor borrower, allowing a longer term.\nIt can support an intergenerational home and repayment plan.\nEstate, occupancy, ownership, insurance, and sibling-fairness issues need planning.\nGet professional advice on title, debt, and insurance before committing.\nHow a relay loan works\nA parent-child relay mortgage bases the repayment term partly on a younger successor borrower — typically a child — so the loan can run longer than the parent’s age alone would allow. The parent repays initially and the child continues, which can make an intergenerational home purchase or rebuild feasible. It is one way to align a long-lived asset with a two-generation repayment plan.\nEstate and family risks\nThe structure entwines two generations’ finances and estates, so it needs careful planning. Consider who will own the property and in what shares, who occupies it, how the debt and title pass on the parent’s death, whether group credit life insurance covers the right person at the right time, and — often overlooked — fairness among siblings who are not on the loan. A relay loan can be a sound part of inheritance planning, but title, debt, insurance, and sibling fairness require professional advice from a tax accountant and, where appropriate, a lawyer or judicial scrivener.\nKey points to carry away: The repayment term is based partly on a younger successor borrower, allowing a longer term; It can support an intergenerational home and repayment plan; Estate, occupancy, ownership, insurance, and sibling-fairness issues need planning; Get professional advice on title, debt, and insurance before committing. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/parent-child-relay-mortgages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-refinancing:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-refinancing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage refinancing in Japan","plainText":"Refinancing replaces your mortgage with a new one, usually from another lender; it pays only when the discounted present-value interest saving exceeds the new origination fee, registration, judicial-scrivener, appraisal, and insurance costs.\nWhen refinancing pays, the full cost stack, health screening, and term-extension traps.\nCompare remaining interest savings against all new costs, not just the rate drop.\nNew costs include origination fee, mortgage cancellation and registration, judicial-scrivener, and appraisal.\nRefinancing usually requires fresh group credit life insurance and health screening.\nExtending the term can hide a higher total cost even at a lower rate.\nWhen refinancing pays\nRefinancing (借り換え) replaces an existing mortgage with a new one, often from another lender. It makes sense only when the present-value interest savings and any risk improvement exceed all the new costs. Compare the remaining interest you would save against the new origination fee, the mortgage cancellation and new registration, judicial-scrivener costs, appraisal, insurance differences, and any early-redemption charge on the old loan. A rate drop that looks large can be erased by fees, especially on a loan with only a few years left or a small remaining balance.\nHealth screening and term extension\nRefinancing usually requires new group credit life insurance, so it involves a fresh health screening — poor health can restrict standard insurance, though wider-acceptance products may exist. Obtaining permanent residence can broaden the lenders available to you, but approval is never guaranteed. Beware term extension: stretching the loan back out lowers the monthly payment and can make a refinance look attractive while actually raising total interest. Compare like-for-like remaining terms, and treat a lower monthly payment achieved by re-lengthening the loan as a cost, not a saving.\nKey points to carry away: Compare remaining interest savings against all new costs, not just the rate drop; New costs include origination fee, mortgage cancellation and registration, judicial-scrivener, and appraisal; Refinancing usually requires fresh group credit life insurance and health screening; Extending the term can hide a higher total cost even at a lower rate. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-refinancing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-refinancing","faq:loan-refinancing-makes-sense","faq:loan-refinancing-health","faq:loan-extend-term-refinancing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","guide:mortgage-refinancing-tool","guide:refinancing-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Refinancing replaces your mortgage with a new one, usually from another lender; it pays only when the discounted present-value interest saving exceeds the new origination fee, registration, judicial-scrivener, appraisal, and insurance costs.\nWhen refinancing pays, the full cost stack, health screening, and term-extension traps.\nCompare remaining interest savings against all new costs, not just the rate drop.\nNew costs include origination fee, mortgage cancellation and registration, judicial-scrivener, and appraisal.\nRefinancing usually requires fresh group credit life insurance and health screening.\nExtending the term can hide a higher total cost even at a lower rate.\nWhen refinancing pays\nRefinancing (借り換え) replaces an existing mortgage with a new one, often from another lender. It makes sense only when the present-value interest savings and any risk improvement exceed all the new costs. Compare the remaining interest you would save against the new origination fee, the mortgage cancellation and new registration, judicial-scrivener costs, appraisal, insurance differences, and any early-redemption charge on the old loan. A rate drop that looks large can be erased by fees, especially on a loan with only a few years left or a small remaining balance.\nHealth screening and term extension\nRefinancing usually requires new group credit life insurance, so it involves a fresh health screening — poor health can restrict standard insurance, though wider-acceptance products may exist. Obtaining permanent residence can broaden the lenders available to you, but approval is never guaranteed. Beware term extension: stretching the loan back out lowers the monthly payment and can make a refinance look attractive while actually raising total interest. Compare like-for-like remaining terms, and treat a lower monthly payment achieved by re-lengthening the loan as a cost, not a saving.\nKey points to carry away: Compare remaining interest savings against all new costs, not just the rate drop; New costs include origination fee, mortgage cancellation and registration, judicial-scrivener, and appraisal; Refinancing usually requires fresh group credit life insurance and health screening; Extending the term can hide a higher total cost even at a lower rate. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-refinancing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:renovation-loans:en","entityId":"guide:renovation-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Renovation loans","plainText":"A renovation loan finances repair, remodeling, or energy improvements; a mortgage-secured or purchase-plus-renovation loan is cheaper than an unsecured one, but no renovation is guaranteed to raise resale value.\nFinancing repairs and improvements, secured vs unsecured, and the over-improvement trap.\nSome purchase-plus-renovation products include the work in the mortgage.\nUnsecured renovation finance is usually more expensive than mortgage-secured finance.\nRenovation does not always increase value — personalized or overcapitalized work may not be recovered.\nGet scope-aligned bids with drawings, exclusions, warranty, and a payment schedule.\nSecured, unsecured, and combined\nA renovation loan finances repair, remodeling, or energy-efficiency improvements. Some purchase-plus-renovation products let you include the work in the mortgage itself, which is usually the cheapest financing because it is secured by the property and runs over a long term. A standalone unsecured renovation loan is faster to arrange but usually more expensive, with a higher rate and shorter term, so reserve it for smaller or urgent work rather than a major project.\nThe over-improvement trap\nRenovation does not always increase value. Essential repairs and value-preserving improvements protect the home, but highly personalized finishes or work that costs more than the local market will pay (\"overcapitalization\") may not be recovered on resale. Before committing, obtain scope-aligned bids with drawings, clear exclusions, a warranty, license verification, and a payment schedule tied to milestones — do not accept a renovation quote without those. Compare the cost of the work against a realistic estimate of the value it adds, especially if you may sell within a few years.\nKey points to carry away: Some purchase-plus-renovation products include the work in the mortgage; Unsecured renovation finance is usually more expensive than mortgage-secured finance; Renovation does not always increase value — personalized or overcapitalized work may not be recovered; Get scope-aligned bids with drawings, exclusions, warranty, and a payment schedule. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/renovation-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-renovation-loan","faq:loan-renovation-in-mortgage","faq:loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive","faq:loan-renovation-increase-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:renovation-costs-financing","guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:renovation-services"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Resona Bank","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A renovation loan finances repair, remodeling, or energy improvements; a mortgage-secured or purchase-plus-renovation loan is cheaper than an unsecured one, but no renovation is guaranteed to raise resale value.\nFinancing repairs and improvements, secured vs unsecured, and the over-improvement trap.\nSome purchase-plus-renovation products include the work in the mortgage.\nUnsecured renovation finance is usually more expensive than mortgage-secured finance.\nRenovation does not always increase value — personalized or overcapitalized work may not be recovered.\nGet scope-aligned bids with drawings, exclusions, warranty, and a payment schedule.\nSecured, unsecured, and combined\nA renovation loan finances repair, remodeling, or energy-efficiency improvements. Some purchase-plus-renovation products let you include the work in the mortgage itself, which is usually the cheapest financing because it is secured by the property and runs over a long term. A standalone unsecured renovation loan is faster to arrange but usually more expensive, with a higher rate and shorter term, so reserve it for smaller or urgent work rather than a major project.\nThe over-improvement trap\nRenovation does not always increase value. Essential repairs and value-preserving improvements protect the home, but highly personalized finishes or work that costs more than the local market will pay (\"overcapitalization\") may not be recovered on resale. Before committing, obtain scope-aligned bids with drawings, clear exclusions, a warranty, license verification, and a payment schedule tied to milestones — do not accept a renovation quote without those. Compare the cost of the work against a realistic estimate of the value it adds, especially if you may sell within a few years.\nKey points to carry away: Some purchase-plus-renovation products include the work in the mortgage; Unsecured renovation finance is usually more expensive than mortgage-secured finance; Renovation does not always increase value — personalized or overcapitalized work may not be recovered; Get scope-aligned bids with drawings, exclusions, warranty, and a payment schedule. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/renovation-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:second-home-loans:en","entityId":"guide:second-home-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Second-home loans","plainText":"A second-home loan finances a genuine second residence at a higher rate and down payment than a primary-home loan — and it must not be used as a disguised rental investment.\nFinancing a genuine second residence, and why it must not be a disguised rental.\nFor a genuine second residence, not a rental or investment property.\nTypically a higher rate and larger down payment than a primary-home loan.\nUsing it as a disguised rental can breach the loan and insurance terms.\nConfirm the lender’s definition of a qualifying second home before applying.\nWhat a second-home loan is\nA second-home loan finances a genuine second residence — a vacation home or a weekday base near work, for example — that you actually use, not rent out. Because the property is not your primary residence and the lender sees more risk, expect a higher rate and a larger down payment than an owner-occupier mortgage, and confirm the lender’s specific definition of a qualifying second home, which can be narrower than you assume.\nIt must be a genuine second home\nThe critical rule is that a second-home loan is not a rental-investment loan. If you take a consumer-priced second-home loan and then rent the property out, you may breach the loan agreement, the fire-insurance terms, and possibly building or zoning rules, exposing you to acceleration and other consequences. If the real plan is to earn rent, use an investment-property loan and underwrite the deal as a business. Never represent an investment as a second home to obtain cheaper financing.\nKey points to carry away: For a genuine second residence, not a rental or investment property; Typically a higher rate and larger down payment than a primary-home loan; Using it as a disguised rental can breach the loan and insurance terms; Confirm the lender’s definition of a qualifying second home before applying. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/second-home-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-flat35-second-home","faq:loan-residential-for-investment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:investment-property-loans","guide:home-vs-investment-property","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A second-home loan finances a genuine second residence at a higher rate and down payment than a primary-home loan — and it must not be used as a disguised rental investment.\nFinancing a genuine second residence, and why it must not be a disguised rental.\nFor a genuine second residence, not a rental or investment property.\nTypically a higher rate and larger down payment than a primary-home loan.\nUsing it as a disguised rental can breach the loan and insurance terms.\nConfirm the lender’s definition of a qualifying second home before applying.\nWhat a second-home loan is\nA second-home loan finances a genuine second residence — a vacation home or a weekday base near work, for example — that you actually use, not rent out. Because the property is not your primary residence and the lender sees more risk, expect a higher rate and a larger down payment than an owner-occupier mortgage, and confirm the lender’s specific definition of a qualifying second home, which can be narrower than you assume.\nIt must be a genuine second home\nThe critical rule is that a second-home loan is not a rental-investment loan. If you take a consumer-priced second-home loan and then rent the property out, you may breach the loan agreement, the fire-insurance terms, and possibly building or zoning rules, exposing you to acceleration and other consequences. If the real plan is to earn rent, use an investment-property loan and underwrite the deal as a business. Never represent an investment as a second home to obtain cheaper financing.\nKey points to carry away: For a genuine second residence, not a rental or investment property; Typically a higher rate and larger down payment than a primary-home loan; Using it as a disguised rental can breach the loan and insurance terms; Confirm the lender’s definition of a qualifying second home before applying. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/second-home-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-property-loans:en","entityId":"guide:investment-property-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investment-property loans","plainText":"An investment-property loan finances an income-producing condominium or house at a higher rate under business underwriting, and it is commonly recourse — model vacancy, rate resets, and exit, and never use an owner-occupier loan instead.\nBusiness underwriting for income-producing property, and why occupancy must be honest.\nBusiness underwriting at a higher rate than an owner-occupier loan.\nJapanese loans are commonly recourse unless the documents say otherwise.\nModel vacancy, negative cash flow, rate resets, weak resale, and exit.\nNever finance a rental with an owner-occupier loan — misstating occupancy is fraud-adjacent.\nBusiness underwriting\nAn investment-property loan finances an income-producing condominium or house and is underwritten as a business, at a higher rate than a consumer owner-occupier mortgage. Investment-loan rates are frequently quotation-based and property-based rather than publicly advertised. Crucially, Japanese loans are commonly recourse unless the documents expressly say otherwise, so a shortfall after a sale can follow you personally. Underwrite the deal on net operating income, DSCR, vacancy, and a realistic exit — not gross yield — before you rely on it.\nOccupancy must be honest\nThe most important warning is that you cannot casually convert an owner-occupier mortgage into an investment loan. Moving out, long-term renting, Airbnb use, or running a business from the property may breach loan, insurance, building, zoning, or condominium rules, and misstating occupancy can trigger decline, acceleration, fraud concerns, and insurance or tax consequences. If the plan is to earn rent, use an investment-property loan from the outset and keep occupancy statements accurate.\nKey points to carry away: Business underwriting at a higher rate than an owner-occupier loan; Japanese loans are commonly recourse unless the documents say otherwise; Model vacancy, negative cash flow, rate resets, weak resale, and exit; Never finance a rental with an owner-occupier loan — misstating occupancy is fraud-adjacent. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/investment-property-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-residential-for-investment","faq:loan-misstate-occupancy","faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:apartment-building-loans","guide:home-vs-investment-property","guide:property-investment-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Suruga Bank","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"An investment-property loan finances an income-producing condominium or house at a higher rate under business underwriting, and it is commonly recourse — model vacancy, rate resets, and exit, and never use an owner-occupier loan instead.\nBusiness underwriting for income-producing property, and why occupancy must be honest.\nBusiness underwriting at a higher rate than an owner-occupier loan.\nJapanese loans are commonly recourse unless the documents say otherwise.\nModel vacancy, negative cash flow, rate resets, weak resale, and exit.\nNever finance a rental with an owner-occupier loan — misstating occupancy is fraud-adjacent.\nBusiness underwriting\nAn investment-property loan finances an income-producing condominium or house and is underwritten as a business, at a higher rate than a consumer owner-occupier mortgage. Investment-loan rates are frequently quotation-based and property-based rather than publicly advertised. Crucially, Japanese loans are commonly recourse unless the documents expressly say otherwise, so a shortfall after a sale can follow you personally. Underwrite the deal on net operating income, DSCR, vacancy, and a realistic exit — not gross yield — before you rely on it.\nOccupancy must be honest\nThe most important warning is that you cannot casually convert an owner-occupier mortgage into an investment loan. Moving out, long-term renting, Airbnb use, or running a business from the property may breach loan, insurance, building, zoning, or condominium rules, and misstating occupancy can trigger decline, acceleration, fraud concerns, and insurance or tax consequences. If the plan is to earn rent, use an investment-property loan from the outset and keep occupancy statements accurate.\nKey points to carry away: Business underwriting at a higher rate than an owner-occupier loan; Japanese loans are commonly recourse unless the documents say otherwise; Model vacancy, negative cash flow, rate resets, weak resale, and exit; Never finance a rental with an owner-occupier loan — misstating occupancy is fraud-adjacent. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/investment-property-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:apartment-building-loans:en","entityId":"guide:apartment-building-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Apartment-building loans","plainText":"An apartment-building loan finances a whole rental building as a business, concentrating your exposure in one asset with structural, tenant, and regulatory risks that dwarf a single-unit purchase.\nWhole-building rental finance and its concentration, structural, tenant, and regulatory risks.\nFinances a whole rental building as a concentrated business investment.\nStructural repairs (roof, façade, elevators, pipes) are large and periodic.\nTenant, vacancy, and regulatory risks scale with the number of units.\nUnderwrite on building-wide NOI, capex, and exit — not per-unit gross yield.\nA whole-building rental business\nAn apartment-building loan finances a whole rental building — the land and structure — as a business. Compared with a single condominium unit, it concentrates your entire exposure in one asset and one location, so a demographic shift, a local employer leaving, or an oversupply of rentals hits every unit at once. The upside is control over the whole building and its management; the downside is that there is no diversification within the investment.\nStructural, tenant, and regulatory risk\nA whole building brings whole-building costs: roof, façade, elevators, pipes, and waterproofing must be renewed on a schedule, and those capital works can be very large. Tenant turnover, vacancy, and non-payment scale with the number of units, and the building must comply with fire-safety, access, and other regulations across all units. Underwrite the deal on building-wide net operating income, a realistic capital-expenditure reserve, and a credible exit — who will buy the building, at what cap rate, after how many years — rather than a headline per-unit gross yield. This is a business, not a passive purchase.\nKey points to carry away: Finances a whole rental building as a concentrated business investment; Structural repairs (roof, façade, elevators, pipes) are large and periodic; Tenant, vacancy, and regulatory risks scale with the number of units; Underwrite on building-wide NOI, capex, and exit — not per-unit gross yield. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/apartment-building-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-apartment-loan","faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse","faq:loan-gross-yield"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:investment-property-loans","guide:property-investment-japan","guide:property-investment-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Suruga Bank","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true},{"publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"An apartment-building loan finances a whole rental building as a business, concentrating your exposure in one asset with structural, tenant, and regulatory risks that dwarf a single-unit purchase.\nWhole-building rental finance and its concentration, structural, tenant, and regulatory risks.\nFinances a whole rental building as a concentrated business investment.\nStructural repairs (roof, façade, elevators, pipes) are large and periodic.\nTenant, vacancy, and regulatory risks scale with the number of units.\nUnderwrite on building-wide NOI, capex, and exit — not per-unit gross yield.\nA whole-building rental business\nAn apartment-building loan finances a whole rental building — the land and structure — as a business. Compared with a single condominium unit, it concentrates your entire exposure in one asset and one location, so a demographic shift, a local employer leaving, or an oversupply of rentals hits every unit at once. The upside is control over the whole building and its management; the downside is that there is no diversification within the investment.\nStructural, tenant, and regulatory risk\nA whole building brings whole-building costs: roof, façade, elevators, pipes, and waterproofing must be renewed on a schedule, and those capital works can be very large. Tenant turnover, vacancy, and non-payment scale with the number of units, and the building must comply with fire-safety, access, and other regulations across all units. Underwrite the deal on building-wide net operating income, a realistic capital-expenditure reserve, and a credible exit — who will buy the building, at what cap rate, after how many years — rather than a headline per-unit gross yield. This is a business, not a passive purchase.\nKey points to carry away: Finances a whole rental building as a concentrated business investment; Structural repairs (roof, façade, elevators, pipes) are large and periodic; Tenant, vacancy, and regulatory risks scale with the number of units; Underwrite on building-wide NOI, capex, and exit — not per-unit gross yield. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/apartment-building-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bridging-loans:en","entityId":"guide:bridging-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Bridging loans for property purchases","plainText":"A bridging loan (つなぎ融資) provides short-term finance for land, staged construction, or a timing gap before a long-term mortgage disburses — useful but high-cost, and dangerous if the permanent financing is delayed.\nShort-term finance for land, staged construction, or a timing gap — and its failure risk.\nCovers land purchase and staged construction payments before the mortgage disburses.\nShort-term and higher-cost than a conventional mortgage.\nCommonly used by land-and-build or staged-construction buyers.\nDangerous if the permanent mortgage is delayed or falls through.\nHow a bridging loan works\nA bridging loan (つなぎ融資) provides short-term finance to cover payments that fall due before a long-term mortgage disburses. When you build a house, you often pay for the land and then make staged construction payments long before the completed home exists as collateral for the main mortgage; a bridge loan fills that gap. It is commonly used by land-and-build purchasers and staged-construction buyers, and it is repaid when the permanent mortgage funds.\nHigh cost and failure risk\nBridging is convenient but carries high short-term cost and real failure risk. Because it is short-term and specialized, the rate and fees are higher than a mortgage, and the whole plan assumes the permanent mortgage will fund on schedule. If the long-term financing is delayed — for example, because the finished property fails appraisal, your circumstances change, or approval slips — you can be left carrying an expensive bridge loan with no takeout. Confirm the permanent mortgage’s conditions and timing before relying on a bridge, and keep a contingency for delays.\nKey points to carry away: Covers land purchase and staged construction payments before the mortgage disburses; Short-term and higher-cost than a conventional mortgage; Commonly used by land-and-build or staged-construction buyers; Dangerous if the permanent mortgage is delayed or falls through. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/bridging-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-bridge","faq:loan-who-uses-bridge"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:buying-property-japan","guide:mortgages-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A bridging loan (つなぎ融資) provides short-term finance for land, staged construction, or a timing gap before a long-term mortgage disburses — useful but high-cost, and dangerous if the permanent financing is delayed.\nShort-term finance for land, staged construction, or a timing gap — and its failure risk.\nCovers land purchase and staged construction payments before the mortgage disburses.\nShort-term and higher-cost than a conventional mortgage.\nCommonly used by land-and-build or staged-construction buyers.\nDangerous if the permanent mortgage is delayed or falls through.\nHow a bridging loan works\nA bridging loan (つなぎ融資) provides short-term finance to cover payments that fall due before a long-term mortgage disburses. When you build a house, you often pay for the land and then make staged construction payments long before the completed home exists as collateral for the main mortgage; a bridge loan fills that gap. It is commonly used by land-and-build purchasers and staged-construction buyers, and it is repaid when the permanent mortgage funds.\nHigh cost and failure risk\nBridging is convenient but carries high short-term cost and real failure risk. Because it is short-term and specialized, the rate and fees are higher than a mortgage, and the whole plan assumes the permanent mortgage will fund on schedule. If the long-term financing is delayed — for example, because the finished property fails appraisal, your circumstances change, or approval slips — you can be left carrying an expensive bridge loan with no takeout. Confirm the permanent mortgage’s conditions and timing before relying on a bridge, and keep a contingency for delays.\nKey points to carry away: Covers land purchase and staged construction payments before the mortgage disburses; Short-term and higher-cost than a conventional mortgage; Commonly used by land-and-build or staged-construction buyers; Dangerous if the permanent mortgage is delayed or falls through. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/bridging-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:reverse-mortgages:en","entityId":"guide:reverse-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Reverse mortgages in Japan","plainText":"A reverse mortgage lets an older homeowner borrow against home equity, with repayment commonly deferred until death or sale — but interest accumulates, property-value falls are a risk, and heirs may receive little or no equity.\nBorrowing against home equity in later life, and the interest, value, and heirs risks.\nFor older homeowners seeking cash while continuing to live in the home.\nRepayment is commonly deferred until death or sale.\nInterest accumulates over time and can erode the remaining equity.\nRecourse, valuation, and heirs’ treatment are product- and municipality-specific.\nHow a reverse mortgage works\nA reverse mortgage lets a senior homeowner borrow against the equity in their home, typically receiving a lump sum or periodic payments while continuing to live there, with repayment commonly deferred until death or sale of the property. It can provide retirement cash flow without moving out. The mechanics differ sharply by product and, in some schemes, by participating municipality or guarantee structure, so the details matter more than the general concept.\nInterest, value, and heirs\nThree risks stand out. First, interest accumulates over time, so the debt grows even without new borrowing, and can erode or exhaust the remaining equity. Second, if property values fall, the equity cushion shrinks — product treatment of whether the debt can exceed the home’s value differs, so review recourse, valuation, and the heirs’ options carefully. Third, heirs may receive little or no equity, because the accumulated debt is settled from the home. A reverse mortgage can suit a homeowner who prioritizes their own later-life cash flow, but the family should understand the inheritance consequences in advance.\nKey points to carry away: For older homeowners seeking cash while continuing to live in the home; Repayment is commonly deferred until death or sale; Interest accumulates over time and can erode the remaining equity; Recourse, valuation, and heirs’ treatment are product- and municipality-specific. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/reverse-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-reverse-mortgage","faq:loan-reverse-exceed-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-secured-loans","guide:parent-child-relay-mortgages","guide:property-inheritance-gifts"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Resona Bank","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A reverse mortgage lets an older homeowner borrow against home equity, with repayment commonly deferred until death or sale — but interest accumulates, property-value falls are a risk, and heirs may receive little or no equity.\nBorrowing against home equity in later life, and the interest, value, and heirs risks.\nFor older homeowners seeking cash while continuing to live in the home.\nRepayment is commonly deferred until death or sale.\nInterest accumulates over time and can erode the remaining equity.\nRecourse, valuation, and heirs’ treatment are product- and municipality-specific.\nHow a reverse mortgage works\nA reverse mortgage lets a senior homeowner borrow against the equity in their home, typically receiving a lump sum or periodic payments while continuing to live there, with repayment commonly deferred until death or sale of the property. It can provide retirement cash flow without moving out. The mechanics differ sharply by product and, in some schemes, by participating municipality or guarantee structure, so the details matter more than the general concept.\nInterest, value, and heirs\nThree risks stand out. First, interest accumulates over time, so the debt grows even without new borrowing, and can erode or exhaust the remaining equity. Second, if property values fall, the equity cushion shrinks — product treatment of whether the debt can exceed the home’s value differs, so review recourse, valuation, and the heirs’ options carefully. Third, heirs may receive little or no equity, because the accumulated debt is settled from the home. A reverse mortgage can suit a homeowner who prioritizes their own later-life cash flow, but the family should understand the inheritance consequences in advance.\nKey points to carry away: For older homeowners seeking cash while continuing to live in the home; Repayment is commonly deferred until death or sale; Interest accumulates over time and can erode the remaining equity; Recourse, valuation, and heirs’ treatment are product- and municipality-specific. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/reverse-mortgages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-secured-loans:en","entityId":"guide:property-secured-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property-secured loans","plainText":"A property-secured loan (不動産担保ローン) is a loan for broader purposes — business, inheritance, tax, or liquidity — backed by real estate; it lowers the rate but puts your home at risk for non-housing spending.\nBorrowing for broader purposes against real estate, and why that converts spending risk into home-loss risk.\nA loan for broad purposes backed by a registered mortgage on real estate.\nLower rates than unsecured credit because the home secures the debt.\nIt converts spending or business risk into the risk of losing your home.\nGenerally not advisable to secure ordinary consumer spending on your home.\nWhat a property-secured loan is\nA property-secured loan is a loan for broader purposes than buying the home itself — business capital, inheritance or tax obligations, or general liquidity — secured by a registered mortgage over real estate you own. Because the property backs the debt, the rate is lower and the term longer than unsecured card or consumer credit, which can make it attractive for a large, genuine need.\nThe risk you are accepting\nThe trade-off is stark: a property-secured loan converts spending or business risk into home-loss risk. If the purpose fails — a business does not work out, or the money funds consumption rather than a productive asset — you can lose the family home to enforcement. It is generally not advisable to secure ordinary consumer spending on your home. Reserve this structure for a genuine, well-understood need where the alternative is worse, keep the amount conservative relative to the property value, and get independent advice before pledging the home.\nKey points to carry away: A loan for broad purposes backed by a registered mortgage on real estate; Lower rates than unsecured credit because the home secures the debt; It converts spending or business risk into the risk of losing your home; Generally not advisable to secure ordinary consumer spending on your home. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-secured-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-secured-property-loan","faq:loan-secure-consumer-spending"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:reverse-mortgages","guide:secured-vs-unsecured","guide:consumer-loans"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Suruga Bank","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A property-secured loan (不動産担保ローン) is a loan for broader purposes — business, inheritance, tax, or liquidity — backed by real estate; it lowers the rate but puts your home at risk for non-housing spending.\nBorrowing for broader purposes against real estate, and why that converts spending risk into home-loss risk.\nA loan for broad purposes backed by a registered mortgage on real estate.\nLower rates than unsecured credit because the home secures the debt.\nIt converts spending or business risk into the risk of losing your home.\nGenerally not advisable to secure ordinary consumer spending on your home.\nWhat a property-secured loan is\nA property-secured loan is a loan for broader purposes than buying the home itself — business capital, inheritance or tax obligations, or general liquidity — secured by a registered mortgage over real estate you own. Because the property backs the debt, the rate is lower and the term longer than unsecured card or consumer credit, which can make it attractive for a large, genuine need.\nThe risk you are accepting\nThe trade-off is stark: a property-secured loan converts spending or business risk into home-loss risk. If the purpose fails — a business does not work out, or the money funds consumption rather than a productive asset — you can lose the family home to enforcement. It is generally not advisable to secure ordinary consumer spending on your home. Reserve this structure for a genuine, well-understood need where the alternative is worse, keep the amount conservative relative to the property value, and get independent advice before pledging the home.\nKey points to carry away: A loan for broad purposes backed by a registered mortgage on real estate; Lower rates than unsecured credit because the home secures the debt; It converts spending or business risk into the risk of losing your home; Generally not advisable to secure ordinary consumer spending on your home. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/property-secured-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:online-vs-traditional-mortgages:en","entityId":"guide:online-vs-traditional-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Online bank vs traditional bank mortgages","plainText":"Online banks suit document-ready standard cases with lower advertised rates and a digital process; traditional branch banks may suit complex income, property, or language needs.\nRates, process, exception handling, branches, documents, and language compared.\nOnline: lower advertised rate, digital application, standardized file.\nTraditional: branch advice, more exception handling, local relationship.\nOnline rates can be dynamic — save the page on application and execution dates.\nComplex income or property often needs a human underwriter.\nThe core trade-off\nOnline banks (au Jibun Bank, Sumishin SBI Net Bank, PayPay Bank, Sony Bank, Rakuten Bank) advertise low rates and a fully digital application with a standardized document set — ideal when your income and property are conventional and your file is clean. Traditional branch banks (the megabanks, regional banks) offer in-person advice, more scope to handle exceptions, and a local relationship, which can matter for complex income, an unusual property, or when you want the whole process explained in person.\nHow to decide\nIf your employment is stable and salaried, your property is standard, and you are comfortable applying online in Japanese, an online bank’s lower rate is hard to beat — but save the rate page on your application and execution dates because online rates can change. If your income is self-employed or overseas, the property is leasehold or unusual, or you need English support or in-person guidance, a branch bank or a specialist lender may be worth a modestly higher rate.\nKey points to carry away: Online: lower advertised rate, digital application, standardized file; Traditional: branch advice, more exception handling, local relationship; Online rates can be dynamic — save the page on application and execution dates; Complex income or property often needs a human underwriter. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/online-vs-traditional-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:online-mortgage-lenders","guide:major-bank-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/contents/lineup/homeloan/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Online banks suit document-ready standard cases with lower advertised rates and a digital process; traditional branch banks may suit complex income, property, or language needs.\nRates, process, exception handling, branches, documents, and language compared.\nOnline: lower advertised rate, digital application, standardized file.\nTraditional: branch advice, more exception handling, local relationship.\nOnline rates can be dynamic — save the page on application and execution dates.\nComplex income or property often needs a human underwriter.\nThe core trade-off\nOnline banks (au Jibun Bank, Sumishin SBI Net Bank, PayPay Bank, Sony Bank, Rakuten Bank) advertise low rates and a fully digital application with a standardized document set — ideal when your income and property are conventional and your file is clean. Traditional branch banks (the megabanks, regional banks) offer in-person advice, more scope to handle exceptions, and a local relationship, which can matter for complex income, an unusual property, or when you want the whole process explained in person.\nHow to decide\nIf your employment is stable and salaried, your property is standard, and you are comfortable applying online in Japanese, an online bank’s lower rate is hard to beat — but save the rate page on your application and execution dates because online rates can change. If your income is self-employed or overseas, the property is leasehold or unusual, or you need English support or in-person guidance, a branch bank or a specialist lender may be worth a modestly higher rate.\nKey points to carry away: Online: lower advertised rate, digital application, standardized file; Traditional: branch advice, more exception handling, local relationship; Online rates can be dynamic — save the page on application and execution dates; Complex income or property often needs a human underwriter. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/online-vs-traditional-mortgages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage:en","entityId":"guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fixed vs variable mortgage","plainText":"Choose variable only if the household can survive a 2–3 point rise without selling; choose fixed for certainty and if you cannot absorb increases.\nInitial payment, stress scenarios, certainty, break-even, and risks compared.\nVariable has a lower initial rate but the borrower bears increases.\nFixed has a higher initial rate but the lender bears specified rate risk.\nStress-test at +1, +2, and +3 points before choosing variable.\nThe break-even depends on how far and fast rates rise.\nThe core trade-off\nA variable rate starts lower, so the initial payment is smaller, but you carry the risk of increases — and Japan left the near-zero era in 2026. A fixed rate (including Flat 35) starts higher, buying certainty because the lender bears the specified rate risk. The right choice is not about predicting rates; it is about whether your household can absorb a rise if you are wrong.\nThe decision rule\nModel the payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points. If the household survives the +2 to +3 stress without selling — with stressed housing costs still a prudent share of net income — variable can make sense and its lower cost may win. If it cannot, choose fixed and treat the higher rate as the price of sleeping at night. Certainty has real value for a single-income household, a tight budget, or anyone who could not sell quickly in a downturn.\nKey points to carry away: Variable has a lower initial rate but the borrower bears increases; Fixed has a higher initial rate but the lender bears specified rate risk; Stress-test at +1, +2, and +3 points before choosing variable; The break-even depends on how far and fast rates rise. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","faq:loan-variable-risky","faq:loan-fixed-risk-free"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:variable-rate-mortgages","guide:fixed-rate-mortgages","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Choose variable only if the household can survive a 2–3 point rise without selling; choose fixed for certainty and if you cannot absorb increases.\nInitial payment, stress scenarios, certainty, break-even, and risks compared.\nVariable has a lower initial rate but the borrower bears increases.\nFixed has a higher initial rate but the lender bears specified rate risk.\nStress-test at +1, +2, and +3 points before choosing variable.\nThe break-even depends on how far and fast rates rise.\nThe core trade-off\nA variable rate starts lower, so the initial payment is smaller, but you carry the risk of increases — and Japan left the near-zero era in 2026. A fixed rate (including Flat 35) starts higher, buying certainty because the lender bears the specified rate risk. The right choice is not about predicting rates; it is about whether your household can absorb a rise if you are wrong.\nThe decision rule\nModel the payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points. If the household survives the +2 to +3 stress without selling — with stressed housing costs still a prudent share of net income — variable can make sense and its lower cost may win. If it cannot, choose fixed and treat the higher rate as the price of sleeping at night. Certainty has real value for a single-income household, a tight budget, or anyone who could not sell quickly in a downturn.\nKey points to carry away: Variable has a lower initial rate but the borrower bears increases; Fixed has a higher initial rate but the lender bears specified rate risk; Stress-test at +1, +2, and +3 points before choosing variable; The break-even depends on how far and fast rates rise. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage:en","entityId":"guide:flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Flat 35 vs bank mortgage","plainText":"Choose Flat 35 for full-term certainty and an eligible property; choose a bank mortgage for a lower initial cost and richer insurance if you are a strong applicant.\nRate structure, property rules, insurance, fees, and flexibility compared.\nFlat 35: fully fixed, published debt-ratio and property standards, does not always require PR.\nBank mortgage: potentially lower variable/fixed-period rate and richer insurance options.\nFlat 35 needs the property to meet technical standards; a bank loan may be more flexible.\nCompare provider fees even when Flat 35 base rates match.\nThe core trade-off\nFlat 35 offers full-term fixed certainty with published debt-service ratios and property standards, and it does not always require permanent residence — a real advantage for non-PR buyers and anyone who values a predictable payment. A bank mortgage can offer a lower initial variable or fixed-period rate and richer group-credit-life-insurance riders, but it prices and underwrites at the lender’s discretion and shifts rate risk to you if you choose variable.\nHow to decide\nChoose Flat 35 when you want certainty, your property meets the technical standards, or you lack PR and need a rules-based route. Choose a bank mortgage when you are a strong applicant who can absorb rate risk, want the lowest initial cost, or need specific insurance riders. Either way, compare the parts that actually differ — the origination-fee model, guarantee and appraisal costs, insurance additions, and discount durations — because Flat 35 base rates cluster across providers while their fees do not.\nKey points to carry away: Flat 35: fully fixed, published debt-ratio and property standards, does not always require PR; Bank mortgage: potentially lower variable/fixed-period rate and richer insurance options; Flat 35 needs the property to meet technical standards; a bank loan may be more flexible; Compare provider fees even when Flat 35 base rates match. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-flat35","faq:loan-flat35-government","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:mortgages-japan","guide:flat-35-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Choose Flat 35 for full-term certainty and an eligible property; choose a bank mortgage for a lower initial cost and richer insurance if you are a strong applicant.\nRate structure, property rules, insurance, fees, and flexibility compared.\nFlat 35: fully fixed, published debt-ratio and property standards, does not always require PR.\nBank mortgage: potentially lower variable/fixed-period rate and richer insurance options.\nFlat 35 needs the property to meet technical standards; a bank loan may be more flexible.\nCompare provider fees even when Flat 35 base rates match.\nThe core trade-off\nFlat 35 offers full-term fixed certainty with published debt-service ratios and property standards, and it does not always require permanent residence — a real advantage for non-PR buyers and anyone who values a predictable payment. A bank mortgage can offer a lower initial variable or fixed-period rate and richer group-credit-life-insurance riders, but it prices and underwrites at the lender’s discretion and shifts rate risk to you if you choose variable.\nHow to decide\nChoose Flat 35 when you want certainty, your property meets the technical standards, or you lack PR and need a rules-based route. Choose a bank mortgage when you are a strong applicant who can absorb rate risk, want the lowest initial cost, or need specific insurance riders. Either way, compare the parts that actually differ — the origination-fee model, guarantee and appraisal costs, insurance additions, and discount durations — because Flat 35 base rates cluster across providers while their fees do not.\nKey points to carry away: Flat 35: fully fixed, published debt-ratio and property standards, does not always require PR; Bank mortgage: potentially lower variable/fixed-period rate and richer insurance options; Flat 35 needs the property to meet technical standards; a bank loan may be more flexible; Compare provider fees even when Flat 35 base rates match. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pair-loan-vs-income-combination:en","entityId":"guide:pair-loan-vs-income-combination","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Pair loan vs income combination","plainText":"A pair loan fits two durable careers with aligned ownership and lets both claim tax relief; income combination is simpler with one loan but needs a liability and insurance review.\nContracts, fees, ownership, tax deduction, insurance, and separation/death risks compared.\nPair loan: two separate loans, ownership, and possible deductions — two sets of fees.\nIncome combination: usually one main loan with combined income.\nPair loan fits two durable careers; income combination is simpler.\nBoth need review of liability, insurance, and separation/death outcomes.\nThe core trade-off\nA pair loan is two separate mortgages — one per partner — with separate ownership and the potential for each to claim the mortgage tax deduction, but two contracts mean two sets of fees. Income combination is usually one main loan that counts a second person’s income to raise qualifying income; it is simpler and cheaper to set up, but the income contributor may be a guarantor or joint debtor with liability that does not match their ownership or insurance protection.\nHow to decide\nA pair loan fits two durable careers with aligned, long-term intentions for the home and a wish for each partner to claim tax relief. Income combination fits a household that wants one contract and lower setup costs and accepts that the contributor takes on liability. For either, review carefully what happens on divorce (debt and title remain until a transfer or refinance), on death (insurance usually clears only the insured person’s loan), and on parental leave or an income drop. Match the structure to how durable both incomes really are.\nKey points to carry away: Pair loan: two separate loans, ownership, and possible deductions — two sets of fees; Income combination: usually one main loan with combined income; Pair loan fits two durable careers; income combination is simpler; Both need review of liability, insurance, and separation/death outcomes. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/pair-loan-vs-income-combination","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-pair-loan","faq:loan-pair-divorce","faq:loan-what-combined-income","faq:loan-contributor-liable"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pair-loans","guide:income-combination-mortgages","guide:mortgage-life-insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A pair loan fits two durable careers with aligned ownership and lets both claim tax relief; income combination is simpler with one loan but needs a liability and insurance review.\nContracts, fees, ownership, tax deduction, insurance, and separation/death risks compared.\nPair loan: two separate loans, ownership, and possible deductions — two sets of fees.\nIncome combination: usually one main loan with combined income.\nPair loan fits two durable careers; income combination is simpler.\nBoth need review of liability, insurance, and separation/death outcomes.\nThe core trade-off\nA pair loan is two separate mortgages — one per partner — with separate ownership and the potential for each to claim the mortgage tax deduction, but two contracts mean two sets of fees. Income combination is usually one main loan that counts a second person’s income to raise qualifying income; it is simpler and cheaper to set up, but the income contributor may be a guarantor or joint debtor with liability that does not match their ownership or insurance protection.\nHow to decide\nA pair loan fits two durable careers with aligned, long-term intentions for the home and a wish for each partner to claim tax relief. Income combination fits a household that wants one contract and lower setup costs and accepts that the contributor takes on liability. For either, review carefully what happens on divorce (debt and title remain until a transfer or refinance), on death (insurance usually clears only the insured person’s loan), and on parental leave or an income drop. Match the structure to how durable both incomes really are.\nKey points to carry away: Pair loan: two separate loans, ownership, and possible deductions — two sets of fees; Income combination: usually one main loan with combined income; Pair loan fits two durable careers; income combination is simpler; Both need review of liability, insurance, and separation/death outcomes. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/pair-loan-vs-income-combination","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:new-vs-used-property:en","entityId":"guide:new-vs-used-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"New vs used property in Japan","plainText":"Used wins when the inspection and building management are strong and the price reflects age; new wins when you accept the developer premium and future reserve risk for modern standards and warranties.\nPrice, warranties, condition, repairs, reserves, and resale compared.\nNew: modern standards, warranties, low immediate repairs — but a developer premium and small initial reserve.\nUsed: lower price and observable history — but major repairs and reserve/arrears risk.\nA used home’s known building and accounts can be an advantage if you inspect well.\nCheck the earthquake standard, reserve funding, and management on either.\nThe core trade-off\nA new condominium offers modern standards, warranties, and low immediate repairs, but carries a developer premium, a small initial repair fund, likely future reserve increases, and less established management history. A used condominium offers a known building and neighborhood, a lower price, and historical accounts you can inspect — at the cost of nearer-term major repairs, possible reserve shortfalls, arrears, and aging equipment and pipes.\nHow to decide\nUsed wins when a good inspection shows sound condition, the management is competent, the reserve is well-funded, and the price reflects the building’s age. New wins when you value modern standards and warranties and are willing to pay the premium and accept that reserves will rise. On either, evaluate the earthquake standard, maintenance history, reserve funding, legal compliance, defects, hazard exposure, and resale liquidity — old does not automatically mean bad, and new does not automatically mean safe.\nKey points to carry away: New: modern standards, warranties, low immediate repairs — but a developer premium and small initial reserve; Used: lower price and observable history — but major repairs and reserve/arrears risk; A used home’s known building and accounts can be an advantage if you inspect well; Check the earthquake standard, reserve funding, and management on either. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/new-vs-used-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-inspection-guarantee"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:earthquake-standards","guide:condo-repair-reserve"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Used wins when the inspection and building management are strong and the price reflects age; new wins when you accept the developer premium and future reserve risk for modern standards and warranties.\nPrice, warranties, condition, repairs, reserves, and resale compared.\nNew: modern standards, warranties, low immediate repairs — but a developer premium and small initial reserve.\nUsed: lower price and observable history — but major repairs and reserve/arrears risk.\nA used home’s known building and accounts can be an advantage if you inspect well.\nCheck the earthquake standard, reserve funding, and management on either.\nThe core trade-off\nA new condominium offers modern standards, warranties, and low immediate repairs, but carries a developer premium, a small initial repair fund, likely future reserve increases, and less established management history. A used condominium offers a known building and neighborhood, a lower price, and historical accounts you can inspect — at the cost of nearer-term major repairs, possible reserve shortfalls, arrears, and aging equipment and pipes.\nHow to decide\nUsed wins when a good inspection shows sound condition, the management is competent, the reserve is well-funded, and the price reflects the building’s age. New wins when you value modern standards and warranties and are willing to pay the premium and accept that reserves will rise. On either, evaluate the earthquake standard, maintenance history, reserve funding, legal compliance, defects, hazard exposure, and resale liquidity — old does not automatically mean bad, and new does not automatically mean safe.\nKey points to carry away: New: modern standards, warranties, low immediate repairs — but a developer premium and small initial reserve; Used: lower price and observable history — but major repairs and reserve/arrears risk; A used home’s known building and accounts can be an advantage if you inspect well; Check the earthquake standard, reserve funding, and management on either. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/new-vs-used-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:house-vs-condominium:en","entityId":"guide:house-vs-condominium","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"House vs condominium in Japan","plainText":"Choose a house for land ownership, control, and self-managed capital works; choose a condominium for convenience and central location if the association’s finances are strong.\nLand, control, maintenance, monthly fees, location, and resale compared.\nHouse: land ownership, control, privacy, and redevelopment flexibility.\nCondominium: shared maintenance, security, and central locations.\nA house owner self-funds roof, exterior, structure, and drainage repairs.\nA condo owner pays management and repair-reserve fees and lives under association rules.\nThe core trade-off\nA detached house gives you land ownership, control, privacy, and the flexibility to rebuild — but you bear the full cost of the roof, exterior, structure, drainage, termite treatment, and boundary issues directly. A condominium gives shared maintenance, security, and often a more central location — but you pay a monthly management fee and repair reserve, live under the association’s decisions and use restrictions, and face collective repair risk you do not fully control.\nHow to decide\nChoose a house if you value control and are prepared to self-manage and self-fund capital works over the decades — the freedom comes with responsibility and lumpy costs. Choose a condominium for convenience and location, but only after checking the association’s finances: the reserve balance, funding method, arrears, long-term repair plan, and management quality. A cheap monthly fee that hides an underfunded reserve is a future special assessment, not a saving.\nKey points to carry away: House: land ownership, control, privacy, and redevelopment flexibility; Condominium: shared maintenance, security, and central locations; A house owner self-funds roof, exterior, structure, and drainage repairs; A condo owner pays management and repair-reserve fees and lives under association rules. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/house-vs-condominium","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-fees","faq:loan-condo-check"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:house-maintenance-costs","guide:condo-repair-reserve"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Choose a house for land ownership, control, and self-managed capital works; choose a condominium for convenience and central location if the association’s finances are strong.\nLand, control, maintenance, monthly fees, location, and resale compared.\nHouse: land ownership, control, privacy, and redevelopment flexibility.\nCondominium: shared maintenance, security, and central locations.\nA house owner self-funds roof, exterior, structure, and drainage repairs.\nA condo owner pays management and repair-reserve fees and lives under association rules.\nThe core trade-off\nA detached house gives you land ownership, control, privacy, and the flexibility to rebuild — but you bear the full cost of the roof, exterior, structure, drainage, termite treatment, and boundary issues directly. A condominium gives shared maintenance, security, and often a more central location — but you pay a monthly management fee and repair reserve, live under the association’s decisions and use restrictions, and face collective repair risk you do not fully control.\nHow to decide\nChoose a house if you value control and are prepared to self-manage and self-fund capital works over the decades — the freedom comes with responsibility and lumpy costs. Choose a condominium for convenience and location, but only after checking the association’s finances: the reserve balance, funding method, arrears, long-term repair plan, and management quality. A cheap monthly fee that hides an underfunded reserve is a future special assessment, not a saving.\nKey points to carry away: House: land ownership, control, privacy, and redevelopment flexibility; Condominium: shared maintenance, security, and central locations; A house owner self-funds roof, exterior, structure, and drainage repairs; A condo owner pays management and repair-reserve fees and lives under association rules. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/house-vs-condominium","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:freehold-vs-leasehold:en","entityId":"guide:freehold-vs-leasehold","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Freehold vs leasehold property","plainText":"Freehold (所有権) gives perpetual ownership at a higher price; leasehold (借地権) lowers the entry price but adds ground rent, consent requirements, and finance and resale constraints.\nOwnership period, ground rent, consent, renewal, finance, and resale compared.\nFreehold: perpetual ownership subject to law and tax, at a higher acquisition price.\nLeasehold: lower entry price but ground rent and consent for renewal, rebuild, or transfer.\nLeasehold can constrain financing and resale, and a declining fixed-term impairs value.\nOld-law and fixed-term leaseholds behave very differently — get specialist review.\nThe core trade-off\nFreehold (所有権) is perpetual ownership subject to law and tax, at a higher acquisition price — the conventional, financeable, easily resold form. Leasehold (借地権) is a right to use land owned by someone else: it can lower the entry price, sometimes substantially, but you pay ground rent and typically need the landowner’s consent to renew, rebuild, or transfer, which constrains financing and resale. Old-law leaseholds may carry strong tenant protections but complex valuation, while fixed-term leaseholds end after a defined term and lose value as the remaining term shortens.\nHow to decide\nFreehold is the default for most buyers who want easy financing and resale. Leasehold can make sense for a lower entry price in a desirable location, but only after specialist review of the ground rent, consent terms, remaining term, and whether a lender will finance it and a future buyer will want it. Never buy a leasehold property without that review — the risks are in the fine print of the land-lease terms, not the listing price.\nKey points to carry away: Freehold: perpetual ownership subject to law and tax, at a higher acquisition price; Leasehold: lower entry price but ground rent and consent for renewal, rebuild, or transfer; Leasehold can constrain financing and resale, and a declining fixed-term impairs value; Old-law and fixed-term leaseholds behave very differently — get specialist review. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/freehold-vs-leasehold","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-freehold","faq:loan-what-leasehold","faq:loan-leasehold-bad","faq:loan-fixed-term-leasehold"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-land-rights","guide:leasehold-property","guide:non-rebuildable-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Freehold (所有権) gives perpetual ownership at a higher price; leasehold (借地権) lowers the entry price but adds ground rent, consent requirements, and finance and resale constraints.\nOwnership period, ground rent, consent, renewal, finance, and resale compared.\nFreehold: perpetual ownership subject to law and tax, at a higher acquisition price.\nLeasehold: lower entry price but ground rent and consent for renewal, rebuild, or transfer.\nLeasehold can constrain financing and resale, and a declining fixed-term impairs value.\nOld-law and fixed-term leaseholds behave very differently — get specialist review.\nThe core trade-off\nFreehold (所有権) is perpetual ownership subject to law and tax, at a higher acquisition price — the conventional, financeable, easily resold form. Leasehold (借地権) is a right to use land owned by someone else: it can lower the entry price, sometimes substantially, but you pay ground rent and typically need the landowner’s consent to renew, rebuild, or transfer, which constrains financing and resale. Old-law leaseholds may carry strong tenant protections but complex valuation, while fixed-term leaseholds end after a defined term and lose value as the remaining term shortens.\nHow to decide\nFreehold is the default for most buyers who want easy financing and resale. Leasehold can make sense for a lower entry price in a desirable location, but only after specialist review of the ground rent, consent terms, remaining term, and whether a lender will finance it and a future buyer will want it. Never buy a leasehold property without that review — the risks are in the fine print of the land-lease terms, not the listing price.\nKey points to carry away: Freehold: perpetual ownership subject to law and tax, at a higher acquisition price; Leasehold: lower entry price but ground rent and consent for renewal, rebuild, or transfer; Leasehold can constrain financing and resale, and a declining fixed-term impairs value; Old-law and fixed-term leaseholds behave very differently — get specialist review. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/freehold-vs-leasehold","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:tokyo-vs-regional-property:en","entityId":"guide:tokyo-vs-regional-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Tokyo vs regional-city property","plainText":"Tokyo has deep employment and rental markets but a high entry price and thinner yield; regional cities offer higher yield and lower entry but thinner resale and demographic risk — underwrite local demand, not the city label.\nEntry price, liquidity, employment, rent, demographics, and yield compared.\nTokyo: deep employment and rental markets, high entry price, lower gross yield.\nRegional cities: higher yield and lower entry, thinner resale and demographic risk.\nA high regional gross yield often trades for vacancy and exit risk.\nUnderwrite local demand at the target rent, not the city name.\nThe core trade-off\nTokyo (and to a degree Osaka) offers deep employment and rental markets and generally more liquid resale, but a high entry price and a lower gross yield. Regional cities offer a lower entry price and a higher gross yield, but thinner resale depth and demographic risk as populations age and shrink in many areas. Japan’s 2026 land-price survey showed five years of average increases with widening gains in Tokyo and Osaka and more mixed growth elsewhere — a national average, not a promise that every home appreciates.\nHow to decide\nDo not decide on the city label. Underwrite the specific local demand: who the tenant or future buyer is, how deep demand is at the target rent, and whether a lender will finance a resale. A high regional gross yield often exists precisely because vacancy and exit risk are higher, and a low Tokyo yield may still beat it after vacancy and liquidity are counted. Match the location to your strategy — cash flow versus liquidity — and verify demand with transaction comparables from MLIT’s library.\nKey points to carry away: Tokyo: deep employment and rental markets, high entry price, lower gross yield; Regional cities: higher yield and lower entry, thinner resale and demographic risk; A high regional gross yield often trades for vacancy and exit risk; Underwrite local demand at the target rent, not the city name. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/tokyo-vs-regional-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-tokyo-liquid","faq:loan-regional-yields","faq:loan-good-investment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:property-resale-value","guide:property-investment-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_fr4_000043.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Tokyo has deep employment and rental markets but a high entry price and thinner yield; regional cities offer higher yield and lower entry but thinner resale and demographic risk — underwrite local demand, not the city label.\nEntry price, liquidity, employment, rent, demographics, and yield compared.\nTokyo: deep employment and rental markets, high entry price, lower gross yield.\nRegional cities: higher yield and lower entry, thinner resale and demographic risk.\nA high regional gross yield often trades for vacancy and exit risk.\nUnderwrite local demand at the target rent, not the city name.\nThe core trade-off\nTokyo (and to a degree Osaka) offers deep employment and rental markets and generally more liquid resale, but a high entry price and a lower gross yield. Regional cities offer a lower entry price and a higher gross yield, but thinner resale depth and demographic risk as populations age and shrink in many areas. Japan’s 2026 land-price survey showed five years of average increases with widening gains in Tokyo and Osaka and more mixed growth elsewhere — a national average, not a promise that every home appreciates.\nHow to decide\nDo not decide on the city label. Underwrite the specific local demand: who the tenant or future buyer is, how deep demand is at the target rent, and whether a lender will finance a resale. A high regional gross yield often exists precisely because vacancy and exit risk are higher, and a low Tokyo yield may still beat it after vacancy and liquidity are counted. Match the location to your strategy — cash flow versus liquidity — and verify demand with transaction comparables from MLIT’s library.\nKey points to carry away: Tokyo: deep employment and rental markets, high entry price, lower gross yield; Regional cities: higher yield and lower entry, thinner resale and demographic risk; A high regional gross yield often trades for vacancy and exit risk; Underwrite local demand at the target rent, not the city name. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/tokyo-vs-regional-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:home-vs-investment-property:en","entityId":"guide:home-vs-investment-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Owner-occupied vs investment property","plainText":"An owner-occupied purchase uses a consumer rate and tax framework and must be a genuine residence; an investment property uses higher-rate business underwriting — never represent an investment as owner-occupied.\nFinance, rates, tax, occupancy, cash flow, and prohibited uses compared.\nOwner-occupied: consumer rate, mortgage tax deduction, must be a genuine residence.\nInvestment: higher rate, business underwriting, rental-income tax framework.\nNever represent an investment as owner-occupied to get a cheaper rate.\nMisstating occupancy risks decline, acceleration, and fraud and insurance consequences.\nTwo different products\nThese are not two ways to buy the same thing — they are different products with different rules. An owner-occupied mortgage carries a consumer rate and access to the mortgage tax deduction, but it must be a genuine residence you actually live in. An investment-property loan carries a higher rate and business underwriting, and the rental income is taxed under the real-estate-income framework. The cheaper owner-occupier terms exist precisely because the property is your home.\nThe non-negotiable rule\nThe decision rule is simple and strict: never represent an investment as owner-occupied. If you buy with an owner-occupier loan and then move out, rent it long-term, run Airbnb, or operate a business from it without lender authorization, you may breach the loan, insurance, building, zoning, or condominium rules, and misstating occupancy can trigger decline, acceleration, fraud concerns, and insurance or tax consequences. If the plan is to earn rent, use an investment loan and underwrite the deal as a business from the start.\nKey points to carry away: Owner-occupied: consumer rate, mortgage tax deduction, must be a genuine residence; Investment: higher rate, business underwriting, rental-income tax framework; Never represent an investment as owner-occupied to get a cheaper rate; Misstating occupancy risks decline, acceleration, and fraud and insurance consequences. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/home-vs-investment-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-residential-for-investment","faq:loan-misstate-occupancy"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:investment-property-loans","guide:property-investment-japan","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"An owner-occupied purchase uses a consumer rate and tax framework and must be a genuine residence; an investment property uses higher-rate business underwriting — never represent an investment as owner-occupied.\nFinance, rates, tax, occupancy, cash flow, and prohibited uses compared.\nOwner-occupied: consumer rate, mortgage tax deduction, must be a genuine residence.\nInvestment: higher rate, business underwriting, rental-income tax framework.\nNever represent an investment as owner-occupied to get a cheaper rate.\nMisstating occupancy risks decline, acceleration, and fraud and insurance consequences.\nTwo different products\nThese are not two ways to buy the same thing — they are different products with different rules. An owner-occupied mortgage carries a consumer rate and access to the mortgage tax deduction, but it must be a genuine residence you actually live in. An investment-property loan carries a higher rate and business underwriting, and the rental income is taxed under the real-estate-income framework. The cheaper owner-occupier terms exist precisely because the property is your home.\nThe non-negotiable rule\nThe decision rule is simple and strict: never represent an investment as owner-occupied. If you buy with an owner-occupier loan and then move out, rent it long-term, run Airbnb, or operate a business from it without lender authorization, you may breach the loan, insurance, building, zoning, or condominium rules, and misstating occupancy can trigger decline, acceleration, fraud concerns, and insurance or tax consequences. If the plan is to earn rent, use an investment loan and underwrite the deal as a business from the start.\nKey points to carry away: Owner-occupied: consumer rate, mortgage tax deduction, must be a genuine residence; Investment: higher rate, business underwriting, rental-income tax framework; Never represent an investment as owner-occupied to get a cheaper rate; Misstating occupancy risks decline, acceleration, and fraud and insurance consequences. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/home-vs-investment-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage:en","entityId":"guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Permanent resident vs non-PR mortgage access","plainText":"PR broadly opens mainstream lenders on ordinary terms; without PR, expect a narrower set of specialist, employer, or relationship routes, larger down payments, and stronger documentation — but it is not impossible.\nLender access, down payment, language, spouse, employer, and documents compared.\nPR: broad mainstream lender access on ordinary terms.\nNon-PR: specialist, employer, or relationship routes, often narrower and pricier.\nNon-PR may need a larger down payment and stronger income/employer/language evidence.\nPRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, and Suruga Bank publish non-PR support paths.\nThe core difference\nPermanent residents are often treated much like Japanese applicants for nationality eligibility, so PR broadly opens mainstream banks on ordinary terms — though language and documentation requirements remain. Without PR, the lender set narrows to specialist, employer-partner, or relationship routes, pricing and conditions are more selective, and you may need a larger down payment and stronger income, employer, Japanese-language, and long-term-residence evidence. A non-permanent resident with a Japanese spouse or guarantor may be considered by more banks than one without.\nHow to decide\nDo not assume non-PR means impossible. A practical non-PR sequence is an employer or developer partner bank, then PRESTIA (English support, up to ¥500 million, no guarantee fee), Tokyo Star Bank (a Star Mortgage for foreign nationals without PR), Suruga Bank (a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents), a regional or relationship bank, a Flat 35 provider if eligible, and then specialist finance. Weigh the non-PR premium against the cost and uncertainty of waiting for PR — sometimes waiting for PR and refinancing later is the cheaper path, and sometimes it is not.\nKey points to carry away: PR: broad mainstream lender access on ordinary terms; Non-PR: specialist, employer, or relationship routes, often narrower and pricier; Non-PR may need a larger down payment and stronger income/employer/language evidence; PRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, and Suruga Bank publish non-PR support paths. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-pr-mandatory","faq:loan-pr-still-helpful","faq:loan-japanese-spouse"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:foreigner-mortgage-checker"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Suruga Bank","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"PR broadly opens mainstream lenders on ordinary terms; without PR, expect a narrower set of specialist, employer, or relationship routes, larger down payments, and stronger documentation — but it is not impossible.\nLender access, down payment, language, spouse, employer, and documents compared.\nPR: broad mainstream lender access on ordinary terms.\nNon-PR: specialist, employer, or relationship routes, often narrower and pricier.\nNon-PR may need a larger down payment and stronger income/employer/language evidence.\nPRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, and Suruga Bank publish non-PR support paths.\nThe core difference\nPermanent residents are often treated much like Japanese applicants for nationality eligibility, so PR broadly opens mainstream banks on ordinary terms — though language and documentation requirements remain. Without PR, the lender set narrows to specialist, employer-partner, or relationship routes, pricing and conditions are more selective, and you may need a larger down payment and stronger income, employer, Japanese-language, and long-term-residence evidence. A non-permanent resident with a Japanese spouse or guarantor may be considered by more banks than one without.\nHow to decide\nDo not assume non-PR means impossible. A practical non-PR sequence is an employer or developer partner bank, then PRESTIA (English support, up to ¥500 million, no guarantee fee), Tokyo Star Bank (a Star Mortgage for foreign nationals without PR), Suruga Bank (a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents), a regional or relationship bank, a Flat 35 provider if eligible, and then specialist finance. Weigh the non-PR premium against the cost and uncertainty of waiting for PR — sometimes waiting for PR and refinancing later is the cheaper path, and sometimes it is not.\nKey points to carry away: PR: broad mainstream lender access on ordinary terms; Non-PR: specialist, employer, or relationship routes, often narrower and pricier; Non-PR may need a larger down payment and stronger income/employer/language evidence; PRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, and Suruga Bank publish non-PR support paths. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:refinance-vs-keep-mortgage:en","entityId":"guide:refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Refinance vs keep your current mortgage","plainText":"Refinance only when the discounted present-value interest saving exceeds all new costs — origination fee, registration, judicial scrivener, appraisal, and insurance — and you can pass fresh health screening.\nInterest savings, new fees, health screening, and remaining term compared.\nRefinance: a new rate, new insurance, and possibly a new term.\nKeep: avoid new fees and fresh underwriting.\nRefinancing usually needs new group credit life insurance and health screening.\nA longer new term can lower the payment but raise total interest.\nThe core trade-off\nRefinancing swaps your loan for a new one with a new rate and new group credit life insurance, potentially saving interest but incurring a fresh origination fee, mortgage cancellation and registration, judicial-scrivener costs, appraisal, and insurance differences. Keeping your current mortgage avoids all those costs and a new underwriting process, but you stay on your existing rate. The question is whether the present-value saving beats the total cost of switching.\nThe decision rule\nRefinance only when the discounted present-value savings and any risk improvement clearly exceed all the new costs. That usually means a meaningful rate drop, a substantial remaining balance, and a long enough remaining term for the savings to accumulate. Confirm you can pass the fresh health screening for new insurance, and do not let a longer new term disguise a higher total cost as a lower monthly payment. If the balance is small or the term is short, keeping the current loan is often the right answer.\nKey points to carry away: Refinance: a new rate, new insurance, and possibly a new term; Keep: avoid new fees and fresh underwriting; Refinancing usually needs new group credit life insurance and health screening; A longer new term can lower the payment but raise total interest. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-refinancing-makes-sense","faq:loan-refinancing-health","faq:loan-extend-term-refinancing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-refinancing","guide:mortgage-refinancing-tool","guide:refinancing-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Refinance only when the discounted present-value interest saving exceeds all new costs — origination fee, registration, judicial scrivener, appraisal, and insurance — and you can pass fresh health screening.\nInterest savings, new fees, health screening, and remaining term compared.\nRefinance: a new rate, new insurance, and possibly a new term.\nKeep: avoid new fees and fresh underwriting.\nRefinancing usually needs new group credit life insurance and health screening.\nA longer new term can lower the payment but raise total interest.\nThe core trade-off\nRefinancing swaps your loan for a new one with a new rate and new group credit life insurance, potentially saving interest but incurring a fresh origination fee, mortgage cancellation and registration, judicial-scrivener costs, appraisal, and insurance differences. Keeping your current mortgage avoids all those costs and a new underwriting process, but you stay on your existing rate. The question is whether the present-value saving beats the total cost of switching.\nThe decision rule\nRefinance only when the discounted present-value savings and any risk improvement clearly exceed all the new costs. That usually means a meaningful rate drop, a substantial remaining balance, and a long enough remaining term for the savings to accumulate. Confirm you can pass the fresh health screening for new insurance, and do not let a longer new term disguise a higher total cost as a lower monthly payment. If the balance is small or the term is short, keeping the current loan is often the right answer.\nKey points to carry away: Refinance: a new rate, new insurance, and possibly a new term; Keep: avoid new fees and fresh underwriting; Refinancing usually needs new group credit life insurance and health screening; A longer new term can lower the payment but raise total interest. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:down-payment-comparison:en","entityId":"guide:down-payment-comparison","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Low down payment vs larger down payment","plainText":"A larger down payment lowers LTV, often improving the rate and reducing negative-equity risk; a smaller down payment preserves liquidity but raises leverage — keep enough cash for the 6–10% closing costs and an emergency reserve either way.\nLiquidity, LTV pricing, negative equity, and emergency reserve compared.\nA larger down payment lowers LTV and often improves the rate.\nA smaller down payment preserves liquidity but raises leverage and negative-equity risk.\nMany lenders price better at ≤80% LTV.\nKeep cash for the 6–10% closing costs and an emergency reserve regardless.\nThe core trade-off\nA larger down payment lowers your loan-to-value ratio, which many lenders reward with a better rate (some add a surcharge above 80% LTV), and it reduces the risk of negative equity if the property’s value dips. A smaller down payment preserves liquidity — cash you keep for investments, emergencies, or opportunities — but raises leverage and the chance of owing more than the home is worth. Zero-down or >100% financing pushes this risk to the extreme.\nHow to decide\nBalance the better pricing and safety of a larger down payment against the value of keeping cash. Whatever you choose, do not use all your savings for the down payment: keep enough for the 6–10% closing costs and a separate emergency and repair reserve. A common prudent approach is a down payment large enough to reach a favorable LTV band while still retaining several months of living costs plus a property-specific repair reserve. Financing everything to keep cash invested is only sensible if you can genuinely withstand a price dip.\nKey points to carry away: A larger down payment lowers LTV and often improves the rate; A smaller down payment preserves liquidity but raises leverage and negative-equity risk; Many lenders price better at ≤80% LTV; Keep cash for the 6–10% closing costs and an emergency reserve regardless. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/down-payment-comparison","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-how-much-down","faq:loan-zero-down-safe","faq:loan-all-savings-down"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:loan-to-value-down-payment","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:property-budget"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A larger down payment lowers LTV, often improving the rate and reducing negative-equity risk; a smaller down payment preserves liquidity but raises leverage — keep enough cash for the 6–10% closing costs and an emergency reserve either way.\nLiquidity, LTV pricing, negative equity, and emergency reserve compared.\nA larger down payment lowers LTV and often improves the rate.\nA smaller down payment preserves liquidity but raises leverage and negative-equity risk.\nMany lenders price better at ≤80% LTV.\nKeep cash for the 6–10% closing costs and an emergency reserve regardless.\nThe core trade-off\nA larger down payment lowers your loan-to-value ratio, which many lenders reward with a better rate (some add a surcharge above 80% LTV), and it reduces the risk of negative equity if the property’s value dips. A smaller down payment preserves liquidity — cash you keep for investments, emergencies, or opportunities — but raises leverage and the chance of owing more than the home is worth. Zero-down or >100% financing pushes this risk to the extreme.\nHow to decide\nBalance the better pricing and safety of a larger down payment against the value of keeping cash. Whatever you choose, do not use all your savings for the down payment: keep enough for the 6–10% closing costs and a separate emergency and repair reserve. A common prudent approach is a down payment large enough to reach a favorable LTV band while still retaining several months of living costs plus a property-specific repair reserve. Financing everything to keep cash invested is only sensible if you can genuinely withstand a price dip.\nKey points to carry away: A larger down payment lowers LTV and often improves the rate; A smaller down payment preserves liquidity but raises leverage and negative-equity risk; Many lenders price better at ≤80% LTV; Keep cash for the 6–10% closing costs and an emergency reserve regardless. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/down-payment-comparison","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-term-comparison:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-term-comparison","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"35-year vs 40-year vs 50-year mortgage","plainText":"A longer term lowers the monthly payment but raises total interest, may add a term surcharge and age limits, and slows equity build-up — extend the term only for genuine affordability, not to buy a bigger home.\nPayment, total interest, age limits, term surcharge, and equity accumulation compared.\nA longer term lowers the monthly payment but raises total interest.\nTerms beyond 35 years may carry a rate surcharge (e.g. au Jibun +0.10 point).\nAge limits apply — the loan usually must end before a set age (e.g. 80).\nA longer term slows equity accumulation.\nThe core trade-off\nSeveral banks now permit terms up to 50 years, subject to age, property, and underwriting limits — au Jibun Bank states 1–50 years, and Sumishin SBI Net Bank publishes up to 50 years for new borrowing. A longer term lowers the monthly payment, which can make a purchase feel affordable, but it raises total interest substantially, may add a rate surcharge (au Jibun adds 0.10 point beyond 35 years; PayPay Bank’s long-term surcharge rises for later executions), carries age limits (the loan usually must be repaid before a set age such as 80), and slows how fast you build equity.\nHow to decide\nUse a longer term for genuine affordability and cash-flow flexibility, not to stretch into a more expensive home than you can really afford. The extra decades of interest are a real cost, and a mortgage that extends materially beyond your expected working income is a warning sign. If you can comfortably afford a 35-year payment, that usually minimizes total interest; choose 40 or 50 years deliberately, understanding the surcharge and the slower equity build, and consider prepaying later if your income allows.\nKey points to carry away: A longer term lowers the monthly payment but raises total interest; Terms beyond 35 years may carry a rate surcharge (e.g. au Jibun +0.10 point); Age limits apply — the loan usually must end before a set age (e.g. 80); A longer term slows equity accumulation. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-term-comparison","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-amortization"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-amortization","guide:50-year-mortgages","guide:debt-to-income-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/contents/lineup/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Bank","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/mortgage/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A longer term lowers the monthly payment but raises total interest, may add a term surcharge and age limits, and slows equity build-up — extend the term only for genuine affordability, not to buy a bigger home.\nPayment, total interest, age limits, term surcharge, and equity accumulation compared.\nA longer term lowers the monthly payment but raises total interest.\nTerms beyond 35 years may carry a rate surcharge (e.g. au Jibun +0.10 point).\nAge limits apply — the loan usually must end before a set age (e.g. 80).\nA longer term slows equity accumulation.\nThe core trade-off\nSeveral banks now permit terms up to 50 years, subject to age, property, and underwriting limits — au Jibun Bank states 1–50 years, and Sumishin SBI Net Bank publishes up to 50 years for new borrowing. A longer term lowers the monthly payment, which can make a purchase feel affordable, but it raises total interest substantially, may add a rate surcharge (au Jibun adds 0.10 point beyond 35 years; PayPay Bank’s long-term surcharge rises for later executions), carries age limits (the loan usually must be repaid before a set age such as 80), and slows how fast you build equity.\nHow to decide\nUse a longer term for genuine affordability and cash-flow flexibility, not to stretch into a more expensive home than you can really afford. The extra decades of interest are a real cost, and a mortgage that extends materially beyond your expected working income is a warning sign. If you can comfortably afford a 35-year payment, that usually minimizes total interest; choose 40 or 50 years deliberately, understanding the surcharge and the slower equity build, and consider prepaying later if your income allows.\nKey points to carry away: A longer term lowers the monthly payment but raises total interest; Terms beyond 35 years may carry a rate surcharge (e.g. au Jibun +0.10 point); Age limits apply — the loan usually must end before a set age (e.g. 80); A longer term slows equity accumulation. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-term-comparison","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:repayment-method-comparison:en","entityId":"guide:repayment-method-comparison","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Level payment vs level principal repayment","plainText":"Level principal-and-interest keeps the payment steady and eases early cash flow; level principal starts higher but declines and saves total interest — choose based on early affordability versus total cost.\nInitial payment, total interest, and cash-flow path compared.\nLevel payment (元利均等): steady payment, easier early cash flow, more total interest.\nLevel principal (元金均等): higher initial payment, declining path, less total interest.\nLevel principal is not offered by every lender.\nChoose based on early affordability versus lifetime cost.\nThe core trade-off\nLevel principal-and-interest (元利均等返済) keeps the scheduled payment level until any reset, so early cash flow is easier and predictable, but the principal component starts small and total interest is higher. Level principal (元金均等返済) repays the same principal each month, so payments start higher and decline over time, reducing total interest relative to a comparable level-payment loan — but the higher early payments demand more initial cash flow, and not every lender offers it.\nHow to decide\nChoose level payment if you value predictable, lower early payments — useful for a tight early budget or a household expecting income to rise. Choose level principal if you can afford the higher early payments and want to minimize total interest, and your lender offers it. The difference is a trade between early cash-flow comfort and lifetime cost; model both against your actual budget rather than assuming one is universally better.\nKey points to carry away: Level payment (元利均等): steady payment, easier early cash flow, more total interest; Level principal (元金均等): higher initial payment, declining path, less total interest; Level principal is not offered by every lender; Choose based on early affordability versus lifetime cost. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/repayment-method-comparison","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-level-principal-interest","faq:loan-level-principal"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-amortization","guide:mortgage-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/powersmart/homeloan/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Level principal-and-interest keeps the payment steady and eases early cash flow; level principal starts higher but declines and saves total interest — choose based on early affordability versus total cost.\nInitial payment, total interest, and cash-flow path compared.\nLevel payment (元利均等): steady payment, easier early cash flow, more total interest.\nLevel principal (元金均等): higher initial payment, declining path, less total interest.\nLevel principal is not offered by every lender.\nChoose based on early affordability versus lifetime cost.\nThe core trade-off\nLevel principal-and-interest (元利均等返済) keeps the scheduled payment level until any reset, so early cash flow is easier and predictable, but the principal component starts small and total interest is higher. Level principal (元金均等返済) repays the same principal each month, so payments start higher and decline over time, reducing total interest relative to a comparable level-payment loan — but the higher early payments demand more initial cash flow, and not every lender offers it.\nHow to decide\nChoose level payment if you value predictable, lower early payments — useful for a tight early budget or a household expecting income to rise. Choose level principal if you can afford the higher early payments and want to minimize total interest, and your lender offers it. The difference is a trade between early cash-flow comfort and lifetime cost; model both against your actual budget rather than assuming one is universally better.\nKey points to carry away: Level payment (元利均等): steady payment, easier early cash flow, more total interest; Level principal (元金均等): higher initial payment, declining path, less total interest; Level principal is not offered by every lender; Choose based on early affordability versus lifetime cost. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/repayment-method-comparison","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bank-vs-dealer-car-loan:en","entityId":"guide:bank-vs-dealer-car-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Bank auto loan vs dealer finance","plainText":"Compare the vehicle’s cash price separately from the financing: bank auto loans often show a clearer interest cost, while dealer finance is convenient and may bundle discounts or a residual-value balloon.\nCash price, rate, fees, balloon, ownership, and convenience compared.\nBank auto loan: often a clearer interest cost, you usually own the car.\nDealer finance: convenient, sometimes discounts or a residual (balloon) plan.\nAlways compare the cash vehicle price separately from the finance.\nA residual-value plan leaves a large final balloon or return conditions.\nThe core trade-off\nA bank auto loan often shows a clearer interest cost and typically leaves you owning the vehicle outright. Dealer finance is convenient — arranged at the point of sale — and may come with promotional discounts or a residual-value (balloon) structure that lowers monthly payments by assuming a future vehicle value. The catch is that dealer discounts and finance terms are often intertwined, so a \"cheap\" finance rate can accompany a higher vehicle price, and a residual plan leaves a large final balloon or return conditions.\nHow to decide\nSeparate the two decisions. First negotiate the cash price of the vehicle as if paying cash, then compare financing options — bank loan versus dealer finance — on the total finance cost for that price. Be wary of a residual-value plan if you assume you can always refinance or resell to cover the balloon. A car is a depreciating asset, so avoid an excessive vehicle price, a balloon you cannot fund, or a term stretching beyond the car’s useful life.\nKey points to carry away: Bank auto loan: often a clearer interest cost, you usually own the car; Dealer finance: convenient, sometimes discounts or a residual (balloon) plan; Always compare the cash vehicle price separately from the finance; A residual-value plan leaves a large final balloon or return conditions. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/bank-vs-dealer-car-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-dealer-financing-cheaper","faq:loan-residual-value","faq:loan-what-auto-bank-loan"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:car-loans","guide:secured-vs-unsecured"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Compare the vehicle’s cash price separately from the financing: bank auto loans often show a clearer interest cost, while dealer finance is convenient and may bundle discounts or a residual-value balloon.\nCash price, rate, fees, balloon, ownership, and convenience compared.\nBank auto loan: often a clearer interest cost, you usually own the car.\nDealer finance: convenient, sometimes discounts or a residual (balloon) plan.\nAlways compare the cash vehicle price separately from the finance.\nA residual-value plan leaves a large final balloon or return conditions.\nThe core trade-off\nA bank auto loan often shows a clearer interest cost and typically leaves you owning the vehicle outright. Dealer finance is convenient — arranged at the point of sale — and may come with promotional discounts or a residual-value (balloon) structure that lowers monthly payments by assuming a future vehicle value. The catch is that dealer discounts and finance terms are often intertwined, so a \"cheap\" finance rate can accompany a higher vehicle price, and a residual plan leaves a large final balloon or return conditions.\nHow to decide\nSeparate the two decisions. First negotiate the cash price of the vehicle as if paying cash, then compare financing options — bank loan versus dealer finance — on the total finance cost for that price. Be wary of a residual-value plan if you assume you can always refinance or resell to cover the balloon. A car is a depreciating asset, so avoid an excessive vehicle price, a balloon you cannot fund, or a term stretching beyond the car’s useful life.\nKey points to carry away: Bank auto loan: often a clearer interest cost, you usually own the car; Dealer finance: convenient, sometimes discounts or a residual (balloon) plan; Always compare the cash vehicle price separately from the finance; A residual-value plan leaves a large final balloon or return conditions. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/bank-vs-dealer-car-loan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:consumer-vs-bank-card-loan:en","entityId":"guide:consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Consumer loan vs bank card loan","plainText":"Consumer (moneylender) loans fall under the one-third-of-income borrowing cap and high rates; bank card loans sit outside that statutory rule but still carry high rates — neither suits a long-term lifestyle deficit.\nRate, regulation, limits, repayment, and risks compared.\nConsumer loans: moneylender regulation, the one-third-of-income cap, high rates.\nBank card loans: bank underwriting, outside the statutory cap, still often high rates.\nBoth are revolving and can trap you in minimum-payment cycles.\nNeither is suitable for a long-term living-cost deficit.\nThe core difference\nConsumer loans and finance-company cash advances are covered moneylender borrowing, generally subject to the aggregate limit under the Money Lending Business Act — new borrowing is normally restricted once covered balances exceed one-third of annual income — and they carry high, often double-digit rates. Bank card loans are revolving unsecured credit from a bank; bank lending sits outside that statutory one-third rule, though banks impose their own limits, and the rates are still often high. Both are convenient for short-term liquidity and dangerous as a habit.\nThe decision rule\nNeither is suitable for a long-term lifestyle deficit — if you are using either to cover recurring living costs, the problem is the budget, not the loan, and adding high-rate revolving debt deepens it. For a genuine short, necessary, repayable emergency, compare the rate and repayment terms of both and choose the cheaper, and pay it off quickly. Remember that card-loan use can hurt a future mortgage application through the balance, the repayment burden, and your credit behavior, so keep balances low and avoid revolving debt before applying for a home loan.\nKey points to carry away: Consumer loans: moneylender regulation, the one-third-of-income cap, high rates; Bank card loans: bank underwriting, outside the statutory cap, still often high rates; Both are revolving and can trap you in minimum-payment cycles; Neither is suitable for a long-term living-cost deficit. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-bank-card-loan","faq:loan-card-loan-onethird","faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumer-loans","guide:bank-card-loans","guide:debt-before-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Consumer (moneylender) loans fall under the one-third-of-income borrowing cap and high rates; bank card loans sit outside that statutory rule but still carry high rates — neither suits a long-term lifestyle deficit.\nRate, regulation, limits, repayment, and risks compared.\nConsumer loans: moneylender regulation, the one-third-of-income cap, high rates.\nBank card loans: bank underwriting, outside the statutory cap, still often high rates.\nBoth are revolving and can trap you in minimum-payment cycles.\nNeither is suitable for a long-term living-cost deficit.\nThe core difference\nConsumer loans and finance-company cash advances are covered moneylender borrowing, generally subject to the aggregate limit under the Money Lending Business Act — new borrowing is normally restricted once covered balances exceed one-third of annual income — and they carry high, often double-digit rates. Bank card loans are revolving unsecured credit from a bank; bank lending sits outside that statutory one-third rule, though banks impose their own limits, and the rates are still often high. Both are convenient for short-term liquidity and dangerous as a habit.\nThe decision rule\nNeither is suitable for a long-term lifestyle deficit — if you are using either to cover recurring living costs, the problem is the budget, not the loan, and adding high-rate revolving debt deepens it. For a genuine short, necessary, repayable emergency, compare the rate and repayment terms of both and choose the cheaper, and pay it off quickly. Remember that card-loan use can hurt a future mortgage application through the balance, the repayment burden, and your credit behavior, so keep balances low and avoid revolving debt before applying for a home loan.\nKey points to carry away: Consumer loans: moneylender regulation, the one-third-of-income cap, high rates; Bank card loans: bank underwriting, outside the statutory cap, still often high rates; Both are revolving and can trap you in minimum-payment cycles; Neither is suitable for a long-term living-cost deficit. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent:en","entityId":"guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property portal vs buyer’s agent","plainText":"Use portals for broad discovery, but they are advertising tools not diligence; use a properly incentivized professional for representation, negotiation, and judgment — and always ask who a broker actually represents.\nInventory, representation, fees, conflicts, and diligence compared.\nA portal is broad inventory and discovery — not title, legal, building, or financial diligence.\nDuplicate listings are common; a portal is optimized for lead generation.\nA buyer’s agent provides search, negotiation, and diligence representation.\nAsk who the broker represents and whether dual agency or direct dealing exists.\nThe core difference\nA property portal (SUUMO, at home, HOME’S, Yahoo! Real Estate, and others) is an advertising and discovery tool — excellent for seeing what is on the market, but not a substitute for title, legal, building, or financial diligence, and duplicate listings are common because portals are optimized for lead generation. A buyer’s agent, by contrast, can provide search, negotiation, and diligence representation. The catch is incentives: the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller, and dual agency or direct dealing can create conflicts.\nHow to decide\nUse portals for discovery — cast a wide net and identify candidate areas and properties. Then use a properly incentivized professional for judgment: someone whose compensation aligns with representing your interests in the search, negotiation, and diligence. Always ask a broker who they represent, whether they are acting for both sides, and whether they have a direct interest in the sale. Do not confuse \"has an English website\" with \"provides independent buyer representation\" — verify the license, fee, and whose side the advice is on.\nKey points to carry away: A portal is broad inventory and discovery — not title, legal, building, or financial diligence; Duplicate listings are common; a portal is optimized for lead generation; A buyer’s agent provides search, negotiation, and diligence representation; Ask who the broker represents and whether dual agency or direct dealing exists. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portals","guide:buyers-agents","guide:real-estate-agents-japan","guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Use portals for broad discovery, but they are advertising tools not diligence; use a properly incentivized professional for representation, negotiation, and judgment — and always ask who a broker actually represents.\nInventory, representation, fees, conflicts, and diligence compared.\nA portal is broad inventory and discovery — not title, legal, building, or financial diligence.\nDuplicate listings are common; a portal is optimized for lead generation.\nA buyer’s agent provides search, negotiation, and diligence representation.\nAsk who the broker represents and whether dual agency or direct dealing exists.\nThe core difference\nA property portal (SUUMO, at home, HOME’S, Yahoo! Real Estate, and others) is an advertising and discovery tool — excellent for seeing what is on the market, but not a substitute for title, legal, building, or financial diligence, and duplicate listings are common because portals are optimized for lead generation. A buyer’s agent, by contrast, can provide search, negotiation, and diligence representation. The catch is incentives: the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller, and dual agency or direct dealing can create conflicts.\nHow to decide\nUse portals for discovery — cast a wide net and identify candidate areas and properties. Then use a properly incentivized professional for judgment: someone whose compensation aligns with representing your interests in the search, negotiation, and diligence. Always ask a broker who they represent, whether they are acting for both sides, and whether they have a direct interest in the sale. Do not confuse \"has an English website\" with \"provides independent buyer representation\" — verify the license, fee, and whose side the advice is on.\nKey points to carry away: A portal is broad inventory and discovery — not title, legal, building, or financial diligence; Duplicate listings are common; a portal is optimized for lead generation; A buyer’s agent provides search, negotiation, and diligence representation; Ask who the broker represents and whether dual agency or direct dealing exists. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-lenders:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"All mortgage lenders in Japan","plainText":"Japan’s mortgage market spans megabanks, online banks, regional and shinkin banks, labor banks, agricultural cooperatives, Flat 35 providers, and foreign-resident specialists — a screened shortlist based on your and the property’s eligibility beats any national \"best lender\" ranking.\nA master directory of banks, online lenders, regional institutions, Flat 35 providers, and specialists.\nMegabanks and online banks compete on rate, process, and insurance riders.\nRegional banks, shinkin, labor banks, and JA may have geographic or membership rules.\nFlat 35 providers cluster on base rate but differ on fees.\nA screened shortlist beats a national ranking because eligibility is borrower- and property-specific.\nThe lender landscape\nJapan’s mortgage market includes the megabanks (MUFG, Mizuho, SMBC) and large nationwide institutions (Resona), online banks (au Jibun Bank, Sumishin SBI Net Bank, PayPay Bank, Sony Bank, Rakuten Bank, AEON Bank), regional banks, shinkin banks, labor (rokin) banks, agricultural cooperatives (JA), and Flat 35 originators such as ARUHI. Foreign-resident specialists include PRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, and Suruga Bank. Each competes differently — online banks on rate and digital process, branch banks on advice and exception handling, regional institutions on local relationships.\nWhy a national ranking is less useful than a shortlist\nRegional institutions may offer competitive rates to residents, employees, or purchasers within their service areas, but may impose geographic, payroll, membership, employer, or property-location restrictions. That is why a nationwide \"best lender\" ranking is less useful than a screened shortlist based on your residence status, income type, and the specific property. Build a shortlist covering a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need (Flat 35 or a foreign-resident lender), then compare dated quotations on the same LTV, term, and holding period.\nKey points to carry away: Megabanks and online banks compete on rate, process, and insurance riders; Regional banks, shinkin, labor banks, and JA may have geographic or membership rules; Flat 35 providers cluster on base rate but differ on fees; A screened shortlist beats a national ranking because eligibility is borrower- and property-specific. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-how-many-lenders","faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:online-mortgage-lenders","guide:flat-35-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Japan’s mortgage market spans megabanks, online banks, regional and shinkin banks, labor banks, agricultural cooperatives, Flat 35 providers, and foreign-resident specialists — a screened shortlist based on your and the property’s eligibility beats any national \"best lender\" ranking.\nA master directory of banks, online lenders, regional institutions, Flat 35 providers, and specialists.\nMegabanks and online banks compete on rate, process, and insurance riders.\nRegional banks, shinkin, labor banks, and JA may have geographic or membership rules.\nFlat 35 providers cluster on base rate but differ on fees.\nA screened shortlist beats a national ranking because eligibility is borrower- and property-specific.\nThe lender landscape\nJapan’s mortgage market includes the megabanks (MUFG, Mizuho, SMBC) and large nationwide institutions (Resona), online banks (au Jibun Bank, Sumishin SBI Net Bank, PayPay Bank, Sony Bank, Rakuten Bank, AEON Bank), regional banks, shinkin banks, labor (rokin) banks, agricultural cooperatives (JA), and Flat 35 originators such as ARUHI. Foreign-resident specialists include PRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, and Suruga Bank. Each competes differently — online banks on rate and digital process, branch banks on advice and exception handling, regional institutions on local relationships.\nWhy a national ranking is less useful than a shortlist\nRegional institutions may offer competitive rates to residents, employees, or purchasers within their service areas, but may impose geographic, payroll, membership, employer, or property-location restrictions. That is why a nationwide \"best lender\" ranking is less useful than a screened shortlist based on your residence status, income type, and the specific property. Build a shortlist covering a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need (Flat 35 or a foreign-resident lender), then compare dated quotations on the same LTV, term, and holding period.\nKey points to carry away: Megabanks and online banks compete on rate, process, and insurance riders; Regional banks, shinkin, labor banks, and JA may have geographic or membership rules; Flat 35 providers cluster on base rate but differ on fees; A screened shortlist beats a national ranking because eligibility is borrower- and property-specific. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-lenders","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders:en","entityId":"guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Foreign-friendly mortgage lenders","plainText":"PRESTIA advertises comprehensive English support and no guarantee fee; Tokyo Star Bank publishes a Star Mortgage for foreign nationals without PR; Suruga Bank offers a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents — but eligibility and pricing are narrower than mainstream PR products.\nPR rules, non-PR routes, Japanese-language requirements, and English support across lenders.\nPRESTIA: English support, up to ¥500 million, no guarantee fee, purchase and refinance.\nTokyo Star Bank: a Star Mortgage expressly for foreign nationals without permanent residence.\nSuruga Bank: a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents (not nonresidents).\n\"English page,\" \"interpreter,\" and full English contracting are different services — verify which.\nThe foreign-friendly routes\nPRESTIA (SMBC Trust Bank) advertises comprehensive English support, loans up to ¥500 million, no credit-guarantee or surety fee, and both purchase and refinance uses — a leading option for higher-income or internationally oriented clients, though potentially selective and relationship-priced. Tokyo Star Bank expressly publishes a Star Mortgage for foreign nationals without permanent residence, an important non-PR route with a possible salary-deposit discount. Suruga Bank’s foreign-national home loan is for Japan residents (its outline excludes nonresidents) and does not state that PR is universally required. Flat 35 is also accessible to non-PR buyers who meet its nationality/residence and property conditions.\nThe language-support caveat\nDo not assume \"English website\" means fully independent English service. An English marketing page, an interpreter for meetings, and full English contracting are three different things, and English-support quality varies by city and transaction. Confirm exactly what language help each lender provides at each stage — application, important-matters explanation, contract, and closing — and whether contractual understanding in Japanese is still required. For non-PR applicants, also confirm the specific PR rule, down-payment expectation, and any spouse, employer, or long-term-residence conditions before assuming you qualify.\nKey points to carry away: PRESTIA: English support, up to ¥500 million, no guarantee fee, purchase and refinance; Tokyo Star Bank: a Star Mortgage expressly for foreign nationals without permanent residence; Suruga Bank: a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents (not nonresidents); \"English page,\" \"interpreter,\" and full English contracting are different services — verify which. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-english-support","faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-japanese-language","faq:loan-no-japanese-guarantor"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","guide:foreigner-mortgage-checker","guide:prestia-housing-loan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Suruga Bank","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"PRESTIA advertises comprehensive English support and no guarantee fee; Tokyo Star Bank publishes a Star Mortgage for foreign nationals without PR; Suruga Bank offers a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents — but eligibility and pricing are narrower than mainstream PR products.\nPR rules, non-PR routes, Japanese-language requirements, and English support across lenders.\nPRESTIA: English support, up to ¥500 million, no guarantee fee, purchase and refinance.\nTokyo Star Bank: a Star Mortgage expressly for foreign nationals without permanent residence.\nSuruga Bank: a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents (not nonresidents).\n\"English page,\" \"interpreter,\" and full English contracting are different services — verify which.\nThe foreign-friendly routes\nPRESTIA (SMBC Trust Bank) advertises comprehensive English support, loans up to ¥500 million, no credit-guarantee or surety fee, and both purchase and refinance uses — a leading option for higher-income or internationally oriented clients, though potentially selective and relationship-priced. Tokyo Star Bank expressly publishes a Star Mortgage for foreign nationals without permanent residence, an important non-PR route with a possible salary-deposit discount. Suruga Bank’s foreign-national home loan is for Japan residents (its outline excludes nonresidents) and does not state that PR is universally required. Flat 35 is also accessible to non-PR buyers who meet its nationality/residence and property conditions.\nThe language-support caveat\nDo not assume \"English website\" means fully independent English service. An English marketing page, an interpreter for meetings, and full English contracting are three different things, and English-support quality varies by city and transaction. Confirm exactly what language help each lender provides at each stage — application, important-matters explanation, contract, and closing — and whether contractual understanding in Japanese is still required. For non-PR applicants, also confirm the specific PR rule, down-payment expectation, and any spouse, employer, or long-term-residence conditions before assuming you qualify.\nKey points to carry away: PRESTIA: English support, up to ¥500 million, no guarantee fee, purchase and refinance; Tokyo Star Bank: a Star Mortgage expressly for foreign nationals without permanent residence; Suruga Bank: a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents (not nonresidents); \"English page,\" \"interpreter,\" and full English contracting are different services — verify which. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:online-mortgage-lenders:en","entityId":"guide:online-mortgage-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Online mortgage lenders","plainText":"Online banks (au Jibun Bank, Sumishin SBI Net Bank, PayPay Bank, Sony Bank, Rakuten Bank) offer low advertised rates and a fully digital application, best suited to standard salaried applicants with clean, document-ready files.\nDigital application, rate, documents, e-contract, and support across online banks.\nLow advertised rates and a digital application with an e-contract.\nau Jibun Bank: 1–50 year terms; Sumishin SBI: up to ¥300 million and up to 50 years.\nRate pages are dynamic — save them on your application and execution dates.\nBest for standard salaried files; complex cases may need a branch bank.\nHow online mortgages work\nOnline banks run the whole process digitally — application, document upload, and often an electronic contract — and pass the branch-cost savings into lower advertised rates. au Jibun Bank publishes 1–50 year terms with transparent LTV and fee disclosure; Sumishin SBI Net Bank publishes loans up to ¥300 million and up to 50 years for new borrowing with broad insurance appeal; PayPay Bank and Sony Bank offer long-term and insurance features. The reviewed pages generally require permanent residence for ordinary foreign-national eligibility, so non-PR applicants should confirm before applying.\nBest fit and the dynamic-rate caveat\nOnline mortgages suit standard salaried applicants with clean, document-ready files who are comfortable applying in Japanese online. The main caveat is that rate pages are dynamic and can change between application and execution, so save the page (with the date) whenever you apply and again at execution, and confirm the exact rate in a dated written quotation. If your income is self-employed or overseas, the property is unusual, or you need in-person guidance or English support, a branch bank or specialist lender may suit you better despite a slightly higher rate.\nKey points to carry away: Low advertised rates and a digital application with an e-contract; au Jibun Bank: 1–50 year terms; Sumishin SBI: up to ¥300 million and up to 50 years; Rate pages are dynamic — save them on your application and execution dates; Best for standard salaried files; complex cases may need a branch bank. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/online-mortgage-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-how-many-lenders"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:online-vs-traditional-mortgages","guide:jibun-bank-housing-loan","guide:sumishin-sbi-web-course","guide:paypay-bank-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/contents/lineup/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Bank","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/mortgage/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Online banks (au Jibun Bank, Sumishin SBI Net Bank, PayPay Bank, Sony Bank, Rakuten Bank) offer low advertised rates and a fully digital application, best suited to standard salaried applicants with clean, document-ready files.\nDigital application, rate, documents, e-contract, and support across online banks.\nLow advertised rates and a digital application with an e-contract.\nau Jibun Bank: 1–50 year terms; Sumishin SBI: up to ¥300 million and up to 50 years.\nRate pages are dynamic — save them on your application and execution dates.\nBest for standard salaried files; complex cases may need a branch bank.\nHow online mortgages work\nOnline banks run the whole process digitally — application, document upload, and often an electronic contract — and pass the branch-cost savings into lower advertised rates. au Jibun Bank publishes 1–50 year terms with transparent LTV and fee disclosure; Sumishin SBI Net Bank publishes loans up to ¥300 million and up to 50 years for new borrowing with broad insurance appeal; PayPay Bank and Sony Bank offer long-term and insurance features. The reviewed pages generally require permanent residence for ordinary foreign-national eligibility, so non-PR applicants should confirm before applying.\nBest fit and the dynamic-rate caveat\nOnline mortgages suit standard salaried applicants with clean, document-ready files who are comfortable applying in Japanese online. The main caveat is that rate pages are dynamic and can change between application and execution, so save the page (with the date) whenever you apply and again at execution, and confirm the exact rate in a dated written quotation. If your income is self-employed or overseas, the property is unusual, or you need in-person guidance or English support, a branch bank or specialist lender may suit you better despite a slightly higher rate.\nKey points to carry away: Low advertised rates and a digital application with an e-contract; au Jibun Bank: 1–50 year terms; Sumishin SBI: up to ¥300 million and up to 50 years; Rate pages are dynamic — save them on your application and execution dates; Best for standard salaried files; complex cases may need a branch bank. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/online-mortgage-lenders","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:major-bank-mortgages:en","entityId":"guide:major-bank-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Major-bank mortgages","plainText":"Megabanks (MUFG, Mizuho, SMBC) and large nationwide institutions (Resona) combine established processes, branch networks, and in-person advice, suiting conventional salaried borrowers and complex cases needing exception handling.\nMegabanks and large nationwide institutions: branch networks, process, and exception handling.\nEstablished process, branch networks, and in-person advice.\nMUFG: variable shown around 0.945–0.995% depending on course; up to 40 years without the highlighted term surcharge.\nMizuho disclosed an announced January 2027 reset; Resona has a strong retail lineup.\nBest for conventional salaried borrowers wanting branch plus online service.\nThe major banks\nThe megabanks and large nationwide institutions offer established processes and branch networks with in-person advice. MUFG showed a variable rate of 0.945% on its main page and 0.995% under a specified discount course on its detailed page, a fixed 10-year at 3.59%, a percentage-fee structure generally 2.20%, no guarantee fee on the reviewed product, and up to 40 years without the highlighted term surcharge — reconcile the headline and detailed-course displays before applying. Mizuho showed new variable borrowing from about 1.025% with a published warning that 1.275% or more would apply from January 2027. Resona is strongly specialized in retail mortgages with a renovation and reverse-mortgage lineup.\nBest fit\nMajor banks best suit conventional salaried borrowers who want the reassurance of a branch alongside online service, or complex cases (variable income, an unusual property, or a need for exception handling) that benefit from a human underwriter. Their advertised rates are competitive but usually above the cheapest online banks, so weigh the value of branch access and advice against the rate difference. As with any lender, reconcile the headline-page and detailed-course rates and get a dated written quotation before you commit.\nKey points to carry away: Established process, branch networks, and in-person advice; MUFG: variable shown around 0.945–0.995% depending on course; up to 40 years without the highlighted term surcharge; Mizuho disclosed an announced January 2027 reset; Resona has a strong retail lineup; Best for conventional salaried borrowers wanting branch plus online service. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/major-bank-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:online-vs-traditional-mortgages","guide:mufg-housing-loan","guide:mizuho-housing-loan","guide:resona-housing-loan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Resona Bank","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Megabanks (MUFG, Mizuho, SMBC) and large nationwide institutions (Resona) combine established processes, branch networks, and in-person advice, suiting conventional salaried borrowers and complex cases needing exception handling.\nMegabanks and large nationwide institutions: branch networks, process, and exception handling.\nEstablished process, branch networks, and in-person advice.\nMUFG: variable shown around 0.945–0.995% depending on course; up to 40 years without the highlighted term surcharge.\nMizuho disclosed an announced January 2027 reset; Resona has a strong retail lineup.\nBest for conventional salaried borrowers wanting branch plus online service.\nThe major banks\nThe megabanks and large nationwide institutions offer established processes and branch networks with in-person advice. MUFG showed a variable rate of 0.945% on its main page and 0.995% under a specified discount course on its detailed page, a fixed 10-year at 3.59%, a percentage-fee structure generally 2.20%, no guarantee fee on the reviewed product, and up to 40 years without the highlighted term surcharge — reconcile the headline and detailed-course displays before applying. Mizuho showed new variable borrowing from about 1.025% with a published warning that 1.275% or more would apply from January 2027. Resona is strongly specialized in retail mortgages with a renovation and reverse-mortgage lineup.\nBest fit\nMajor banks best suit conventional salaried borrowers who want the reassurance of a branch alongside online service, or complex cases (variable income, an unusual property, or a need for exception handling) that benefit from a human underwriter. Their advertised rates are competitive but usually above the cheapest online banks, so weigh the value of branch access and advice against the rate difference. As with any lender, reconcile the headline-page and detailed-course rates and get a dated written quotation before you commit.\nKey points to carry away: Established process, branch networks, and in-person advice; MUFG: variable shown around 0.945–0.995% depending on course; up to 40 years without the highlighted term surcharge; Mizuho disclosed an announced January 2027 reset; Resona has a strong retail lineup; Best for conventional salaried borrowers wanting branch plus online service. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/major-bank-mortgages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35-lenders:en","entityId":"guide:flat-35-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Flat 35 providers","plainText":"Flat 35 base rates cluster across providers (around 3.29% for 21–35 years in August 2026), so compare the origination fee, LTV band, insurance additions, discount points, and processing rather than the headline rate.\nRate, fee, LTV, insurance, discount points, and processing across Flat 35 providers.\nBase rates cluster; ARUHI is an experienced originator with Super Flat options.\nCompare origination fee, LTV band, and processing across providers.\nInsurance additions matter: pair life +0.18 point and three-major-disease +0.24 point on the July schedule.\nDiscount points (Flat 35S, Child-Rearing Plus) apply for specified initial years.\nHow to compare Flat 35 providers\nBecause Flat 35 is a standardized JHF program, base pricing clusters across providers — the July official most-frequent rate was 3.14% at 90% LTV or lower for 21–35 years, and August provider rates had risen to about 3.29%, within a July range of roughly 3.14%–5.40% by LTV and term. What actually differs is the origination-fee model, guarantee and appraisal costs, insurance additions (the official July schedule showed pair life insurance at +0.18 point and three-major-disease insurance at +0.24 point), discount points, and processing speed. ARUHI is an experienced Flat 35 originator whose Super Flat variants may reward a large down payment with a lower rate.\nProperty standards and who Flat 35 suits\nWhichever provider you choose, Flat 35 requires the property to meet applicable technical standards and pass certification, so factor the inspection and certification steps into your timeline, and remember it will finance a qualifying used home but not an ordinary rental-investment property. Shorter Flat 20 and eligible longer Flat 50 structures exist, and discount frameworks — Flat 35S for housing performance and Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus for qualifying households — reduce the rate for specified initial years rather than the full term, so model the payment both during and after the discounted period. Flat 35 best suits a borrower who wants full-term payment certainty, has a qualifying property, or lacks permanent residence and needs a rules-based route; compare providers on the fee model and processing rather than the base rate, and obtain a dated quotation before you apply.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/flat-35-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-flat35-same-everywhere","faq:loan-what-flat35"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage","guide:sbi-aruhi-flat-35","guide:japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Flat 35 base rates cluster across providers (around 3.29% for 21–35 years in August 2026), so compare the origination fee, LTV band, insurance additions, discount points, and processing rather than the headline rate.\nRate, fee, LTV, insurance, discount points, and processing across Flat 35 providers.\nBase rates cluster; ARUHI is an experienced originator with Super Flat options.\nCompare origination fee, LTV band, and processing across providers.\nInsurance additions matter: pair life +0.18 point and three-major-disease +0.24 point on the July schedule.\nDiscount points (Flat 35S, Child-Rearing Plus) apply for specified initial years.\nHow to compare Flat 35 providers\nBecause Flat 35 is a standardized JHF program, base pricing clusters across providers — the July official most-frequent rate was 3.14% at 90% LTV or lower for 21–35 years, and August provider rates had risen to about 3.29%, within a July range of roughly 3.14%–5.40% by LTV and term. What actually differs is the origination-fee model, guarantee and appraisal costs, insurance additions (the official July schedule showed pair life insurance at +0.18 point and three-major-disease insurance at +0.24 point), discount points, and processing speed. ARUHI is an experienced Flat 35 originator whose Super Flat variants may reward a large down payment with a lower rate.\nProperty standards and who Flat 35 suits\nWhichever provider you choose, Flat 35 requires the property to meet applicable technical standards and pass certification, so factor the inspection and certification steps into your timeline, and remember it will finance a qualifying used home but not an ordinary rental-investment property. Shorter Flat 20 and eligible longer Flat 50 structures exist, and discount frameworks — Flat 35S for housing performance and Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus for qualifying households — reduce the rate for specified initial years rather than the full term, so model the payment both during and after the discounted period. Flat 35 best suits a borrower who wants full-term payment certainty, has a qualifying property, or lacks permanent residence and needs a rules-based route; compare providers on the fee model and processing rather than the base rate, and obtain a dated quotation before you apply.","url":"/en/loans/flat-35-lenders","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:refinancing-lenders:en","entityId":"guide:refinancing-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage refinancing providers","plainText":"Most major and online banks and PRESTIA offer refinancing; compare the new rate against the full switching cost — origination fee, cancellation and registration, judicial scrivener, appraisal, and new insurance — over your remaining term.\nEligible balances, terms, fees, appraisal, and insurance for refinancing.\nMajor banks, online banks, and PRESTIA all offer refinancing.\nCompare the new rate against origination, registration, judicial-scrivener, appraisal, and insurance costs.\nRefinancing needs fresh group credit life insurance and health screening.\nA meaningful balance and remaining term are needed for savings to beat the fees.\nWho offers refinancing and how to compare\nMost major banks, online banks, and specialist lenders such as PRESTIA (which offers purchase and refinance uses up to ¥500 million with no guarantee fee) will refinance an existing mortgage subject to fresh underwriting. Because a refinance replaces the whole loan, compare the new rate against the full switching cost — a new origination fee, the old mortgage’s cancellation and the new registration, judicial-scrivener costs, appraisal, and new group credit life insurance — measured over your remaining term. A meaningful remaining balance and term are needed for the savings to exceed those costs.\nCheck the break-even before you switch\nRefinancing pays only when the discounted present-value interest saving exceeds every new cost, so run the break-even before you apply: how many months of lower payments it takes to recover the switching costs, and whether you will hold the loan that long. Obtaining permanent residence or a stronger credit record can broaden the lenders available to you and improve the rate, but approval is never guaranteed, and a new loan means a fresh health screening for group credit life insurance — poor health can restrict standard cover, though wider-acceptance products may exist at a higher cost. Beware term extension: stretching the loan back out lowers the monthly payment and can make a refinance look attractive while raising the total interest, so compare like-for-like remaining terms and treat a lower monthly payment achieved by re-lengthening the loan as a cost, not a saving.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/refinancing-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-refinancing-makes-sense","faq:loan-refinancing-health"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-refinancing","guide:refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","guide:mortgage-refinancing-tool"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Most major and online banks and PRESTIA offer refinancing; compare the new rate against the full switching cost — origination fee, cancellation and registration, judicial scrivener, appraisal, and new insurance — over your remaining term.\nEligible balances, terms, fees, appraisal, and insurance for refinancing.\nMajor banks, online banks, and PRESTIA all offer refinancing.\nCompare the new rate against origination, registration, judicial-scrivener, appraisal, and insurance costs.\nRefinancing needs fresh group credit life insurance and health screening.\nA meaningful balance and remaining term are needed for savings to beat the fees.\nWho offers refinancing and how to compare\nMost major banks, online banks, and specialist lenders such as PRESTIA (which offers purchase and refinance uses up to ¥500 million with no guarantee fee) will refinance an existing mortgage subject to fresh underwriting. Because a refinance replaces the whole loan, compare the new rate against the full switching cost — a new origination fee, the old mortgage’s cancellation and the new registration, judicial-scrivener costs, appraisal, and new group credit life insurance — measured over your remaining term. A meaningful remaining balance and term are needed for the savings to exceed those costs.\nCheck the break-even before you switch\nRefinancing pays only when the discounted present-value interest saving exceeds every new cost, so run the break-even before you apply: how many months of lower payments it takes to recover the switching costs, and whether you will hold the loan that long. Obtaining permanent residence or a stronger credit record can broaden the lenders available to you and improve the rate, but approval is never guaranteed, and a new loan means a fresh health screening for group credit life insurance — poor health can restrict standard cover, though wider-acceptance products may exist at a higher cost. Beware term extension: stretching the loan back out lowers the monthly payment and can make a refinance look attractive while raising the total interest, so compare like-for-like remaining terms and treat a lower monthly payment achieved by re-lengthening the loan as a cost, not a saving.","url":"/en/loans/refinancing-lenders","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-fees-comparison:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-fees-comparison","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage fees comparison","plainText":"Compare the origination fee (often 2.20% — ¥1.10 million on ¥50 million), the guarantee-fee model (upfront, rate-loaded, or absent), appraisal, registration and license tax, and early-repayment costs, not just the headline rate.\nPercentage fees, guarantee fees, appraisal, registration, and early-repayment costs.\nPercentage origination fees are often 2.20% of principal.\n\"No guarantee fee\" may mean a higher percentage fee or a rate-loaded cost.\nAdd appraisal, registration and license tax, and judicial-scrivener fees.\nCheck early-repayment charges, especially if you may sell or refinance soon.\nThe fee models\nTwo broad models dominate. A percentage-fee product charges an origination fee — frequently 2.20% of principal, which is ¥1.10 million on a ¥50 million loan — and often has no separate guarantee fee. A guarantee-company model may charge the guarantee fee upfront, load it into the rate, or waive it in exchange for a higher origination fee. Because \"no guarantee fee\" and \"no origination fee\" can each hide cost elsewhere, always compare the total of all fees plus interest over your expected holding period.\nThe other costs to compare\nBeyond origination and guarantee fees, add the appraisal fee, registration and license tax (based on the assessed value or secured amount and any relief), and judicial-scrivener fees at closing. Check the early-repayment charge, which matters most if you might sell or refinance within a few years. A nominally lower rate paired with a large fee can be the more expensive loan for a short holding period, so calculate the internal cost over the years you actually expect to hold the loan.\nKey points to carry away: Percentage origination fees are often 2.20% of principal; \"No guarantee fee\" may mean a higher percentage fee or a rate-loaded cost; Add appraisal, registration and license tax, and judicial-scrivener fees; Check early-repayment charges, especially if you may sell or refinance soon. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-fees-comparison","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-total-cost","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-fees","guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","guide:read-mortgage-quote"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Compare the origination fee (often 2.20% — ¥1.10 million on ¥50 million), the guarantee-fee model (upfront, rate-loaded, or absent), appraisal, registration and license tax, and early-repayment costs, not just the headline rate.\nPercentage fees, guarantee fees, appraisal, registration, and early-repayment costs.\nPercentage origination fees are often 2.20% of principal.\n\"No guarantee fee\" may mean a higher percentage fee or a rate-loaded cost.\nAdd appraisal, registration and license tax, and judicial-scrivener fees.\nCheck early-repayment charges, especially if you may sell or refinance soon.\nThe fee models\nTwo broad models dominate. A percentage-fee product charges an origination fee — frequently 2.20% of principal, which is ¥1.10 million on a ¥50 million loan — and often has no separate guarantee fee. A guarantee-company model may charge the guarantee fee upfront, load it into the rate, or waive it in exchange for a higher origination fee. Because \"no guarantee fee\" and \"no origination fee\" can each hide cost elsewhere, always compare the total of all fees plus interest over your expected holding period.\nThe other costs to compare\nBeyond origination and guarantee fees, add the appraisal fee, registration and license tax (based on the assessed value or secured amount and any relief), and judicial-scrivener fees at closing. Check the early-repayment charge, which matters most if you might sell or refinance within a few years. A nominally lower rate paired with a large fee can be the more expensive loan for a short holding period, so calculate the internal cost over the years you actually expect to hold the loan.\nKey points to carry away: Percentage origination fees are often 2.20% of principal; \"No guarantee fee\" may mean a higher percentage fee or a rate-loaded cost; Add appraisal, registration and license tax, and judicial-scrivener fees; Check early-repayment charges, especially if you may sell or refinance soon. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-fees-comparison","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-life-insurance:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-life-insurance","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage life insurance comparison","plainText":"Group credit life insurance (団信) clears the mortgage if the insured borrower dies; enhanced riders (cancer, three-major-disease, pair coverage) add protection at a rate addition — on the July Flat 35 schedule, pair life was +0.18 point and three-major-disease +0.24 point.\nStandard group credit life, pair coverage, cancer, major-disease, and rate additions.\nStandard group credit life insurance clears the loan if the insured borrower dies.\nRiders (cancer, three-major-disease) add protection for a rate addition.\nPair coverage matters for pair loans — otherwise insurance clears only one loan.\nRefinancing requires fresh screening; poor health can restrict standard cover.\nStandard cover and riders\nGroup credit life insurance (団体信用生命保険, 団信) repays the outstanding mortgage if the insured borrower dies (and often on severe disability), and it is generally required. Enhanced riders extend cover to cancer or a set of three major diseases, and they typically cost a rate addition rather than a separate premium — on the official July Flat 35 schedule, pair life insurance added +0.18 point and three-major-disease insurance added +0.24 point. Weigh the added protection against the rate cost and your existing life and medical insurance, so you do not pay twice for the same cover.\nPair coverage and health screening\nFor a pair loan, insurance generally clears only the insured person’s loan when they die, not automatically both, unless a joint-life product applies — so pair coverage is important if you want the survivor’s loan cleared too. Any new loan or refinance requires a fresh health screening, and poor health can restrict standard insurance, though wider-acceptance products may exist at a higher cost. Confirm what happens on death or serious illness under your specific structure before relying on the insurance as your family’s safety net.\nKey points to carry away: Standard group credit life insurance clears the loan if the insured borrower dies; Riders (cancer, three-major-disease) add protection for a rate addition; Pair coverage matters for pair loans — otherwise insurance clears only one loan; Refinancing requires fresh screening; poor health can restrict standard cover. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-life-insurance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-pair-death","faq:loan-refinancing-health"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pair-loans","guide:mortgage-refinancing","guide:flat-35"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Group credit life insurance (団信) clears the mortgage if the insured borrower dies; enhanced riders (cancer, three-major-disease, pair coverage) add protection at a rate addition — on the July Flat 35 schedule, pair life was +0.18 point and three-major-disease +0.24 point.\nStandard group credit life, pair coverage, cancer, major-disease, and rate additions.\nStandard group credit life insurance clears the loan if the insured borrower dies.\nRiders (cancer, three-major-disease) add protection for a rate addition.\nPair coverage matters for pair loans — otherwise insurance clears only one loan.\nRefinancing requires fresh screening; poor health can restrict standard cover.\nStandard cover and riders\nGroup credit life insurance (団体信用生命保険, 団信) repays the outstanding mortgage if the insured borrower dies (and often on severe disability), and it is generally required. Enhanced riders extend cover to cancer or a set of three major diseases, and they typically cost a rate addition rather than a separate premium — on the official July Flat 35 schedule, pair life insurance added +0.18 point and three-major-disease insurance added +0.24 point. Weigh the added protection against the rate cost and your existing life and medical insurance, so you do not pay twice for the same cover.\nPair coverage and health screening\nFor a pair loan, insurance generally clears only the insured person’s loan when they die, not automatically both, unless a joint-life product applies — so pair coverage is important if you want the survivor’s loan cleared too. Any new loan or refinance requires a fresh health screening, and poor health can restrict standard insurance, though wider-acceptance products may exist at a higher cost. Confirm what happens on death or serious illness under your specific structure before relying on the insurance as your family’s safety net.\nKey points to carry away: Standard group credit life insurance clears the loan if the insured borrower dies; Riders (cancer, three-major-disease) add protection for a rate addition; Pair coverage matters for pair loans — otherwise insurance clears only one loan; Refinancing requires fresh screening; poor health can restrict standard cover. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-life-insurance","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:50-year-mortgages:en","entityId":"guide:50-year-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Long-term mortgages up to 50 years","plainText":"Several banks now permit terms up to 50 years (au Jibun Bank 1–50, Sumishin SBI up to 50), subject to age and property limits and a term surcharge — the lower monthly payment comes at the cost of much higher total interest and slower equity build.\nProviders, age limits, property restrictions, surcharges, and total cost of 40–50 year terms.\nau Jibun Bank states 1–50 years; Sumishin SBI Net Bank publishes up to 50 years for new borrowing.\nTerms beyond 35 years often carry a rate surcharge (au Jibun +0.10 point).\nAge limits apply — the loan usually must end before a set age such as 80.\nThe lower monthly payment trades against much higher total interest.\nProviders, surcharges, and limits\nSeveral banks now permit long terms subject to age, property, and underwriting limits: au Jibun Bank states 1–50 years and Sumishin SBI Net Bank publishes up to 50 years for new borrowing. Terms beyond 35 years often carry a surcharge — au Jibun Bank adds 0.10 point beyond 35 years, and PayPay Bank’s long-term surcharge for terms over 35 years rises for executions from September 1, 2026, with a final repayment before age 80. Age limits mean the loan must be repaid before a set age, which constrains how long an older borrower can stretch the term.\nThe total-cost trade-off\nA 40- or 50-year term lowers the monthly payment, which can make a purchase feel affordable, but the extra decades of interest are a large real cost, and equity builds much more slowly. Use a long term for genuine cash-flow flexibility, not to stretch into a more expensive home than you can afford — a mortgage extending materially beyond your expected working income is a warning sign. If you can comfortably afford a 35-year payment, that usually minimizes total interest; choose 40 or 50 years deliberately and consider prepaying later.\nKey points to carry away: au Jibun Bank states 1–50 years; Sumishin SBI Net Bank publishes up to 50 years for new borrowing; Terms beyond 35 years often carry a rate surcharge (au Jibun +0.10 point); Age limits apply — the loan usually must end before a set age such as 80; The lower monthly payment trades against much higher total interest. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/50-year-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-amortization"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-term-comparison","guide:mortgage-amortization","guide:debt-to-income-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/contents/lineup/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Bank","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/mortgage/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Several banks now permit terms up to 50 years (au Jibun Bank 1–50, Sumishin SBI up to 50), subject to age and property limits and a term surcharge — the lower monthly payment comes at the cost of much higher total interest and slower equity build.\nProviders, age limits, property restrictions, surcharges, and total cost of 40–50 year terms.\nau Jibun Bank states 1–50 years; Sumishin SBI Net Bank publishes up to 50 years for new borrowing.\nTerms beyond 35 years often carry a rate surcharge (au Jibun +0.10 point).\nAge limits apply — the loan usually must end before a set age such as 80.\nThe lower monthly payment trades against much higher total interest.\nProviders, surcharges, and limits\nSeveral banks now permit long terms subject to age, property, and underwriting limits: au Jibun Bank states 1–50 years and Sumishin SBI Net Bank publishes up to 50 years for new borrowing. Terms beyond 35 years often carry a surcharge — au Jibun Bank adds 0.10 point beyond 35 years, and PayPay Bank’s long-term surcharge for terms over 35 years rises for executions from September 1, 2026, with a final repayment before age 80. Age limits mean the loan must be repaid before a set age, which constrains how long an older borrower can stretch the term.\nThe total-cost trade-off\nA 40- or 50-year term lowers the monthly payment, which can make a purchase feel affordable, but the extra decades of interest are a large real cost, and equity builds much more slowly. Use a long term for genuine cash-flow flexibility, not to stretch into a more expensive home than you can afford — a mortgage extending materially beyond your expected working income is a warning sign. If you can comfortably afford a 35-year payment, that usually minimizes total interest; choose 40 or 50 years deliberately and consider prepaying later.\nKey points to carry away: au Jibun Bank states 1–50 years; Sumishin SBI Net Bank publishes up to 50 years for new borrowing; Terms beyond 35 years often carry a rate surcharge (au Jibun +0.10 point); Age limits apply — the loan usually must end before a set age such as 80; The lower monthly payment trades against much higher total interest. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/50-year-mortgages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:regional-mortgage-lenders:en","entityId":"guide:regional-mortgage-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Regional banks and credit unions for mortgages","plainText":"Regional banks, shinkin banks, labor (rokin) banks, and JA cooperatives can offer competitive rates to residents, employees, or purchasers in their service areas — but they often impose geographic, payroll, membership, employer, or property-location restrictions.\nGeographic eligibility, payroll, membership, and local-property requirements.\nRegional banks, shinkin, rokin, and JA may price competitively for local borrowers.\nEligibility can depend on residence, employer, payroll, or membership.\nThe property often must be within the institution’s service area.\nWorth including in a shortlist if you or the property fit their area.\nWho regional institutions serve\nRegional banks, shinkin banks, labor (rokin) banks, and agricultural cooperatives (JA) operate close to their communities and can offer competitive rates to people connected to their service area — residents, employees of local firms, members, or buyers of local property. Rokin banks, for example, often serve employees of member organizations, and shinkin and JA have membership structures. The trade-off is that eligibility can depend on where you live or work, whether your salary is deposited there, membership, or the property’s location.\nWhen to include them in your shortlist\nInclude a regional institution in your shortlist when you or the property fit its area — a local buyer with a local employer buying a local home may get a rate and service that a national comparison would miss. Because their rules are geographic and membership-based, they do not appear in a uniform national table, so ask directly about eligibility, the required payroll or membership conditions, and the property-location rule. For a buyer who qualifies, a regional lender can be as competitive as any megabank.\nKey points to carry away: Regional banks, shinkin, rokin, and JA may price competitively for local borrowers; Eligibility can depend on residence, employer, payroll, or membership; The property often must be within the institution’s service area; Worth including in a shortlist if you or the property fit their area. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/regional-mortgage-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-how-many-lenders"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-lenders","guide:major-bank-mortgages","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/ginkou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Regional banks, shinkin banks, labor (rokin) banks, and JA cooperatives can offer competitive rates to residents, employees, or purchasers in their service areas — but they often impose geographic, payroll, membership, employer, or property-location restrictions.\nGeographic eligibility, payroll, membership, and local-property requirements.\nRegional banks, shinkin, rokin, and JA may price competitively for local borrowers.\nEligibility can depend on residence, employer, payroll, or membership.\nThe property often must be within the institution’s service area.\nWorth including in a shortlist if you or the property fit their area.\nWho regional institutions serve\nRegional banks, shinkin banks, labor (rokin) banks, and agricultural cooperatives (JA) operate close to their communities and can offer competitive rates to people connected to their service area — residents, employees of local firms, members, or buyers of local property. Rokin banks, for example, often serve employees of member organizations, and shinkin and JA have membership structures. The trade-off is that eligibility can depend on where you live or work, whether your salary is deposited there, membership, or the property’s location.\nWhen to include them in your shortlist\nInclude a regional institution in your shortlist when you or the property fit its area — a local buyer with a local employer buying a local home may get a rate and service that a national comparison would miss. Because their rules are geographic and membership-based, they do not appear in a uniform national table, so ask directly about eligibility, the required payroll or membership conditions, and the property-location rule. For a buyer who qualifies, a regional lender can be as competitive as any megabank.\nKey points to carry away: Regional banks, shinkin, rokin, and JA may price competitively for local borrowers; Eligibility can depend on residence, employer, payroll, or membership; The property often must be within the institution’s service area; Worth including in a shortlist if you or the property fit their area. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/regional-mortgage-lenders","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mufg-housing-loan:en","entityId":"guide:mufg-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MUFG housing loan","plainText":"MUFG shows a variable rate around 0.945–0.995% depending on the discount course, a fixed 10-year around 3.59%, a generally 2.20% percentage fee with no guarantee fee on the reviewed product, and terms up to 40 years without the highlighted surcharge.\nMUFG housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nVariable 0.945% (main page) / 0.995% (specified discount course); fixed 10-year 3.59%.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nPercentage-fee structure generally 2.20%; guarantee fee stated as unnecessary for the reviewed product; up to 40 years without the highlighted term surcharge. Reconcile the headline page and detailed-course display before applying.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nBest for conventional salaried borrowers wanting a major branch network plus online service. The headline-page and detailed-course rates must be reconciled.\nHow to use this profile\nUse MUFG housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mufg-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mizuho-housing-loan","guide:resona-housing-loan","guide:major-bank-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"MUFG shows a variable rate around 0.945–0.995% depending on the discount course, a fixed 10-year around 3.59%, a generally 2.20% percentage fee with no guarantee fee on the reviewed product, and terms up to 40 years without the highlighted surcharge.\nMUFG housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nVariable 0.945% (main page) / 0.995% (specified discount course); fixed 10-year 3.59%.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nPercentage-fee structure generally 2.20%; guarantee fee stated as unnecessary for the reviewed product; up to 40 years without the highlighted term surcharge. Reconcile the headline page and detailed-course display before applying.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nBest for conventional salaried borrowers wanting a major branch network plus online service. The headline-page and detailed-course rates must be reconciled.\nHow to use this profile\nUse MUFG housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","url":"/en/loans/mufg-housing-loan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mizuho-housing-loan:en","entityId":"guide:mizuho-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mizuho housing loan","plainText":"Mizuho shows new variable borrowing from about 1.025% with a published warning that 1.275% or more would apply from January 2027 after the August 3 prime-rate change — valuable disclosure of an already-announced future reset.\nMizuho housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nNew variable borrowing from about 1.025%; published warning of 1.275%+ from January 2027, subject to further changes.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nSemiannual review; full fee and eligibility depend on the product route. The announced January 2027 reset is the key planning figure.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nBest for borrowers who model the January 2027 payment, not only the initial rate. The disclosure of an announced reset is unusually helpful.\nHow to use this profile\nUse Mizuho housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mizuho-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-housing-loan","guide:resona-housing-loan","guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Mizuho shows new variable borrowing from about 1.025% with a published warning that 1.275% or more would apply from January 2027 after the August 3 prime-rate change — valuable disclosure of an already-announced future reset.\nMizuho housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nNew variable borrowing from about 1.025%; published warning of 1.275%+ from January 2027, subject to further changes.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nSemiannual review; full fee and eligibility depend on the product route. The announced January 2027 reset is the key planning figure.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nBest for borrowers who model the January 2027 payment, not only the initial rate. The disclosure of an announced reset is unusually helpful.\nHow to use this profile\nUse Mizuho housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","url":"/en/loans/mizuho-housing-loan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:resona-housing-loan:en","entityId":"guide:resona-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Resona housing loan","plainText":"Resona is strongly specialized in retail mortgages with a renovation and reverse-mortgage lineup; its rate page was dated July 8, 2026, and prime-rate changes were announced for October 2026 with effects on certain repayments from January 2027 — a final quote is required.\nResona housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nRate page dated July 8, 2026; the exact promotional cell was not consistently extractable — obtain a current quote.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nPrime-rate changes announced for October 2026, with effects on certain repayments from January 2027 and contractual five-year/125% rules.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nStrong retail mortgage specialization with a renovation and reverse-mortgage lineup. A final quote is required because the promotional rate was not stable in the retrieved page.\nHow to use this profile\nUse Resona housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/resona-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-housing-loan","guide:mizuho-housing-loan","guide:renovation-loans"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Resona Bank","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Resona is strongly specialized in retail mortgages with a renovation and reverse-mortgage lineup; its rate page was dated July 8, 2026, and prime-rate changes were announced for October 2026 with effects on certain repayments from January 2027 — a final quote is required.\nResona housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nRate page dated July 8, 2026; the exact promotional cell was not consistently extractable — obtain a current quote.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nPrime-rate changes announced for October 2026, with effects on certain repayments from January 2027 and contractual five-year/125% rules.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nStrong retail mortgage specialization with a renovation and reverse-mortgage lineup. A final quote is required because the promotional rate was not stable in the retrieved page.\nHow to use this profile\nUse Resona housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","url":"/en/loans/resona-housing-loan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:jibun-bank-housing-loan:en","entityId":"guide:jibun-bank-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"au Jibun Bank housing loan","plainText":"au Jibun Bank shows 0.984% variable for new borrowing at 80% LTV or lower after maximum discount, adding 0.045 point above 80% LTV, with ¥5 million–¥200 million, 1–50 years, a 2.20% fee, and a 0.10 point surcharge beyond 35 years — transparent LTV and fee disclosure with a strong digital process.\nau Jibun Bank housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\n0.984% variable for new borrowing at ≤80% LTV after maximum mortgage-rate discount; +0.045 point above 80% LTV.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\n¥5 million–¥200 million; 1–50 years; 2.20% fee; 0.10 point surcharge beyond 35 years; rate may be replaced by guarantee-backed pricing.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nTransparent LTV and fee disclosure, strong digital process, and insurance options. Discounts tied to services may not suit everyone.\nHow to use this profile\nUse au Jibun Bank housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/jibun-bank-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:sumishin-sbi-web-course","guide:paypay-bank-mortgage","guide:online-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"au Jibun Bank shows 0.984% variable for new borrowing at 80% LTV or lower after maximum discount, adding 0.045 point above 80% LTV, with ¥5 million–¥200 million, 1–50 years, a 2.20% fee, and a 0.10 point surcharge beyond 35 years — transparent LTV and fee disclosure with a strong digital process.\nau Jibun Bank housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\n0.984% variable for new borrowing at ≤80% LTV after maximum mortgage-rate discount; +0.045 point above 80% LTV.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\n¥5 million–¥200 million; 1–50 years; 2.20% fee; 0.10 point surcharge beyond 35 years; rate may be replaced by guarantee-backed pricing.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nTransparent LTV and fee disclosure, strong digital process, and insurance options. Discounts tied to services may not suit everyone.\nHow to use this profile\nUse au Jibun Bank housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","url":"/en/loans/jibun-bank-housing-loan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sumishin-sbi-web-course:en","entityId":"guide:sumishin-sbi-web-course","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank WEB course","plainText":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank offers ¥5 million–¥300 million, up to 50 years, and broad insurance appeal via a digital application; its July materials referenced a 3.525% base with discounted structures, and permanent residence was required for ordinary foreign-national eligibility on the reviewed page.\nSumishin SBI Net Bank WEB course: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nJuly materials referenced a 3.525% base and discounted structures; check the current page at application.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\n¥5 million–¥300 million; up to 50 years; permanent residence required for ordinary foreign-national eligibility on the reviewed page.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nHigh maximum, digital application, and broad insurance appeal. Rate pages are dynamic and must be saved on application and execution dates.\nHow to use this profile\nUse Sumishin SBI Net Bank WEB course as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/sumishin-sbi-web-course","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:jibun-bank-housing-loan","guide:paypay-bank-mortgage","guide:online-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/contents/lineup/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank offers ¥5 million–¥300 million, up to 50 years, and broad insurance appeal via a digital application; its July materials referenced a 3.525% base with discounted structures, and permanent residence was required for ordinary foreign-national eligibility on the reviewed page.\nSumishin SBI Net Bank WEB course: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nJuly materials referenced a 3.525% base and discounted structures; check the current page at application.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\n¥5 million–¥300 million; up to 50 years; permanent residence required for ordinary foreign-national eligibility on the reviewed page.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nHigh maximum, digital application, and broad insurance appeal. Rate pages are dynamic and must be saved on application and execution dates.\nHow to use this profile\nUse Sumishin SBI Net Bank WEB course as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","url":"/en/loans/sumishin-sbi-web-course","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:paypay-bank-mortgage:en","entityId":"guide:paypay-bank-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PayPay Bank mortgage","plainText":"PayPay Bank offers a digital, long-term product with insurance features, but its dynamic page did not expose a reliable base rate; terms over 35 years carry a 0.10 point surcharge through August 31, 2026 and 0.30 point for executions from September 1, 2026, up to 50 years with final repayment before age 80.\nPayPay Bank mortgage: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nThe dynamic page did not expose a reliable numeric base rate — obtain a dated written quotation.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nService discounts and a possible 0.30 point underwriting addition; terms over 35 years carry 0.10 point through Aug 31, 2026 and 0.30 point from Sep 1, 2026. Up to 50 years; final repayment before age 80.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nDigital, long-term, and insurance features, but the future long-term surcharge is significant. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nHow to use this profile\nUse PayPay Bank mortgage as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/paypay-bank-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:jibun-bank-housing-loan","guide:sumishin-sbi-web-course","guide:50-year-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Bank","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/mortgage/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"PayPay Bank offers a digital, long-term product with insurance features, but its dynamic page did not expose a reliable base rate; terms over 35 years carry a 0.10 point surcharge through August 31, 2026 and 0.30 point for executions from September 1, 2026, up to 50 years with final repayment before age 80.\nPayPay Bank mortgage: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nThe dynamic page did not expose a reliable numeric base rate — obtain a dated written quotation.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nService discounts and a possible 0.30 point underwriting addition; terms over 35 years carry 0.10 point through Aug 31, 2026 and 0.30 point from Sep 1, 2026. Up to 50 years; final repayment before age 80.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nDigital, long-term, and insurance features, but the future long-term surcharge is significant. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nHow to use this profile\nUse PayPay Bank mortgage as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","url":"/en/loans/paypay-bank-mortgage","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sbi-shinsei-housing-loan:en","entityId":"guide:sbi-shinsei-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SBI Shinsei housing loan","plainText":"SBI Shinsei has historically differentiated on flexible fee structures and uses level principal-and-interest repayment, but the retrieved current page did not expose a reliable August numeric offer; do not rely on search snippets showing old rates — obtain the current official schedule.\nSBI Shinsei housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nThe retrieved current page did not expose a reliable August numeric offer; historical pages should not be used as a current quote.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nLevel principal-and-interest repayment; the execution/condition date determines the rate. Flexible fee structures have historically differentiated the product.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nHistorically flexible fees. Obtain the current official schedule and do not rely on search snippets showing old rates.\nHow to use this profile\nUse SBI Shinsei housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/sbi-shinsei-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-housing-loan","guide:repayment-method-comparison","guide:online-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/powersmart/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"SBI Shinsei has historically differentiated on flexible fee structures and uses level principal-and-interest repayment, but the retrieved current page did not expose a reliable August numeric offer; do not rely on search snippets showing old rates — obtain the current official schedule.\nSBI Shinsei housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nThe retrieved current page did not expose a reliable August numeric offer; historical pages should not be used as a current quote.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nLevel principal-and-interest repayment; the execution/condition date determines the rate. Flexible fee structures have historically differentiated the product.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nHistorically flexible fees. Obtain the current official schedule and do not rely on search snippets showing old rates.\nHow to use this profile\nUse SBI Shinsei housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","url":"/en/loans/sbi-shinsei-housing-loan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sbi-aruhi-flat-35:en","entityId":"guide:sbi-aruhi-flat-35","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SBI ARUHI Flat 35","plainText":"ARUHI is an experienced Flat 35 originator: standard August Flat 35 was 3.29% for 21–35 years before qualifying point reductions, with a displayed example of 2.29% for the first five years using four discount points and specified insurance, and Super Flat variants that may reward a large down payment.\nSBI ARUHI Flat 35: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nStandard August Flat 35: 3.29% for 21–35 years before point reductions; example 2.29% for the first five years with four discount points and specified insurance.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nFully fixed; property technical standards apply; pricing varies by LTV, term, insurance, and discount points. Super Flat may reward large down payments.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nPayment certainty and experienced Flat 35 processing. Higher base rate than variable loans; fees and property inspection requirements matter.\nHow to use this profile\nUse SBI ARUHI Flat 35 as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/sbi-aruhi-flat-35","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:flat-35-lenders","guide:japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"ARUHI is an experienced Flat 35 originator: standard August Flat 35 was 3.29% for 21–35 years before qualifying point reductions, with a displayed example of 2.29% for the first five years using four discount points and specified insurance, and Super Flat variants that may reward a large down payment.\nSBI ARUHI Flat 35: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nStandard August Flat 35: 3.29% for 21–35 years before point reductions; example 2.29% for the first five years with four discount points and specified insurance.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nFully fixed; property technical standards apply; pricing varies by LTV, term, insurance, and discount points. Super Flat may reward large down payments.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nPayment certainty and experienced Flat 35 processing. Higher base rate than variable loans; fees and property inspection requirements matter.\nHow to use this profile\nUse SBI ARUHI Flat 35 as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","url":"/en/loans/sbi-aruhi-flat-35","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35:en","entityId":"guide:japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan Housing Finance Agency / Flat 35","plainText":"The Japan Housing Finance Agency underpins Flat 35 through purchase or guarantee structures with participating lenders; the July official most-frequent rate was 3.14% at 90% LTV or lower for 21–35 years, rising to about 3.29% at providers in August, and it is the benchmark for full-term certainty.\nJapan Housing Finance Agency / Flat 35: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nJuly official most-frequent rate 3.14% at ≤90% LTV for 21–35 years; August provider rates rose to about 3.29%; July range 3.14%–5.40%.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nFull-term fixed; pair life insurance +0.18 point and three-major-disease +0.24 point on the official July schedule. Provided through participating institutions.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nThe benchmark for full-term certainty. Compare provider fees even where base rates match. The August official page still displayed July on August 1.\nHow to use this profile\nUse Japan Housing Finance Agency / Flat 35 as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:sbi-aruhi-flat-35","guide:flat-35-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"The Japan Housing Finance Agency underpins Flat 35 through purchase or guarantee structures with participating lenders; the July official most-frequent rate was 3.14% at 90% LTV or lower for 21–35 years, rising to about 3.29% at providers in August, and it is the benchmark for full-term certainty.\nJapan Housing Finance Agency / Flat 35: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nJuly official most-frequent rate 3.14% at ≤90% LTV for 21–35 years; August provider rates rose to about 3.29%; July range 3.14%–5.40%.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nFull-term fixed; pair life insurance +0.18 point and three-major-disease +0.24 point on the official July schedule. Provided through participating institutions.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nThe benchmark for full-term certainty. Compare provider fees even where base rates match. The August official page still displayed July on August 1.\nHow to use this profile\nUse Japan Housing Finance Agency / Flat 35 as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","url":"/en/loans/japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:prestia-housing-loan:en","entityId":"guide:prestia-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PRESTIA housing loan","plainText":"PRESTIA (SMBC Trust Bank) is a leading foreign-resident and English-service option: it advertises comprehensive English support, loans up to ¥500 million, no credit-guarantee or surety fee, and both purchase and refinance uses, with an individual rate quote rather than a single headline.\nPRESTIA housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nIndividual rate quote and preferential conditions rather than a single extracted headline rate.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nUp to ¥500 million; purchase and refinance; no credit-guarantee or surety fee; English-speaking support.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nA leading foreign-resident and English-service option for higher-income or internationally oriented clients. Potentially selective and relationship-priced.\nHow to use this profile\nUse PRESTIA housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/prestia-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage","guide:suruga-bank-foreign-national-home-loan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"PRESTIA (SMBC Trust Bank) is a leading foreign-resident and English-service option: it advertises comprehensive English support, loans up to ¥500 million, no credit-guarantee or surety fee, and both purchase and refinance uses, with an individual rate quote rather than a single headline.\nPRESTIA housing loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nIndividual rate quote and preferential conditions rather than a single extracted headline rate.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nUp to ¥500 million; purchase and refinance; no credit-guarantee or surety fee; English-speaking support.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nA leading foreign-resident and English-service option for higher-income or internationally oriented clients. Potentially selective and relationship-priced.\nHow to use this profile\nUse PRESTIA housing loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","url":"/en/loans/prestia-housing-loan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage:en","entityId":"guide:tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Tokyo Star Bank Star Mortgage","plainText":"Tokyo Star Bank expressly markets a Star Mortgage to foreign nationals without permanent residence — an important non-PR route, with a possible salary-deposit discount, though its current rate requires direct quotation and specialist pricing may be less favorable than ordinary PR products.\nTokyo Star Bank Star Mortgage: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nCurrent rate requires direct quotation.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nSpecifically marketed to foreign nationals without permanent residence; a salary-deposit discount may apply.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nAn important non-PR route. Specialist pricing and conditions may be less favorable than ordinary PR products.\nHow to use this profile\nUse Tokyo Star Bank Star Mortgage as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:prestia-housing-loan","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Tokyo Star Bank expressly markets a Star Mortgage to foreign nationals without permanent residence — an important non-PR route, with a possible salary-deposit discount, though its current rate requires direct quotation and specialist pricing may be less favorable than ordinary PR products.\nTokyo Star Bank Star Mortgage: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nCurrent rate requires direct quotation.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nSpecifically marketed to foreign nationals without permanent residence; a salary-deposit discount may apply.\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nAn important non-PR route. Specialist pricing and conditions may be less favorable than ordinary PR products.\nHow to use this profile\nUse Tokyo Star Bank Star Mortgage as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","url":"/en/loans/tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:suruga-bank-foreign-national-home-loan:en","entityId":"guide:suruga-bank-foreign-national-home-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Suruga Bank foreign-national home loan","plainText":"Suruga Bank offers broad specialist consideration and multilingual experience for foreign nationals resident in Japan: its published outline allowed ¥300,000–¥600 million, age under 70 at borrowing and under 85 at final repayment, and excluded nonresidents — thoroughly compare rate, LTV, fees, and its historical servicing reputation.\nSuruga Bank foreign-national home loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nCurrent rate not confirmed in an August 2026 HTML source — obtain a direct quotation.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nPublished outline allowed ¥300,000–¥600 million, age under 70 at borrowing and under 85 at final repayment; the applicant must be resident in Japan (nonresidents excluded).\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nBroad specialist consideration and multilingual experience. Thoroughly compare rate, LTV, fees, and its historical servicing reputation.\nHow to use this profile\nUse Suruga Bank foreign-national home loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/suruga-bank-foreign-national-home-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:prestia-housing-loan","guide:tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Suruga Bank","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Suruga Bank offers broad specialist consideration and multilingual experience for foreign nationals resident in Japan: its published outline allowed ¥300,000–¥600 million, age under 70 at borrowing and under 85 at final repayment, and excluded nonresidents — thoroughly compare rate, LTV, fees, and its historical servicing reputation.\nSuruga Bank foreign-national home loan: rate snapshot, realistic pricing factors, eligibility, fees, and best fit.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers.\nRealistic pricing depends on LTV, term, underwriting additions, and bundled-service discounts.\nConfirm eligibility, property rules, fees, and insurance in a dated written quotation.\nCompare the all-in cost over your expected holding period, not the headline rate.\nRate snapshot\nCurrent rate not confirmed in an August 2026 HTML source — obtain a direct quotation.\nAdvertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified August 1, 2026, not guaranteed offers; the final rate, LTV band, and conditions are set only at underwriting and execution. Obtain a dated written quotation.\nRealistic pricing, loan limits, and eligibility\nPublished outline allowed ¥300,000–¥600 million, age under 70 at borrowing and under 85 at final repayment; the applicant must be resident in Japan (nonresidents excluded).\nStrengths, weaknesses, and best fit\nBroad specialist consideration and multilingual experience. Thoroughly compare rate, LTV, fees, and its historical servicing reputation.\nHow to use this profile\nUse Suruga Bank foreign-national home loan as one entry on a screened shortlist, not as a verdict. A fair comparison holds the execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period constant across every lender, and weighs the all-in cost — the execution-month rate, the origination or guarantee fee, insurance additions, registration, and any early-repayment charge — over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, rather than the headline rate alone. A 2.20% origination fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short holding period.\nBecause pricing changes monthly and some fields are not disclosed on the public page, request a dated written quotation showing your actual rate, discount margin, fees, insurance options, and any LTV or term surcharge, and reconcile the headline page with the detailed-course page where they differ. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route you need before deciding, and confirm eligibility for your residence status, income type, and the specific property.","url":"/en/loans/suruga-bank-foreign-national-home-loan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-budget:en","entityId":"guide:property-budget","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How much property can you afford?","plainText":"Set three ceilings before viewing: a maximum purchase price, a maximum monthly housing outflow (mortgage plus taxes, fees, insurance, and repairs), and a minimum cash reserve you keep after closing — then stress-test the monthly figure at higher rates.\nSetting a purchase ceiling, a monthly ceiling, a cash reserve, and stress testing.\nSet a purchase-price ceiling, a monthly-outflow ceiling, and a post-closing cash floor.\nMonthly outflow is more than the mortgage: add tax, management, reserve, insurance, parking, and repairs.\nStress-test the payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points.\nDo not borrow the lender’s maximum — it leaves no margin.\nThe three ceilings\nBefore you view anything, set three ceilings. The maximum purchase price caps what you shop for. The maximum monthly housing outflow is the real affordability test, and it is more than the mortgage — it includes fixed-asset and city-planning tax, condominium management and repair-reserve fees, insurance, parking, utilities, and owner-funded repairs (a house shifts roof, exterior, and structural costs onto you directly). The minimum cash reserve is what you will still hold after closing, so you are not left with no buffer for fees, repairs, or emergencies.\nStress-test the payment\nRun the monthly payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points, because a variable loan you can afford only at the initial rate is a loan you cannot safely afford. Flag the plan if stressed housing costs exceed a prudent share of net income (a common guide is around 35%), if total debt service exceeds the lender’s rules, or if the mortgage extends materially beyond your expected working income. The lender’s maximum is an underwriting ceiling, not a household recommendation — decide on your own stressed budget.\nKey points to carry away: Set a purchase-price ceiling, a monthly-outflow ceiling, and a post-closing cash floor; Monthly outflow is more than the mortgage: add tax, management, reserve, insurance, parking, and repairs; Stress-test the payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points; Do not borrow the lender’s maximum — it leaves no margin. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-budget","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-borrow-maximum","faq:loan-what-dti"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:debt-to-income-japan","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/user/simulation/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Set three ceilings before viewing: a maximum purchase price, a maximum monthly housing outflow (mortgage plus taxes, fees, insurance, and repairs), and a minimum cash reserve you keep after closing — then stress-test the monthly figure at higher rates.\nSetting a purchase ceiling, a monthly ceiling, a cash reserve, and stress testing.\nSet a purchase-price ceiling, a monthly-outflow ceiling, and a post-closing cash floor.\nMonthly outflow is more than the mortgage: add tax, management, reserve, insurance, parking, and repairs.\nStress-test the payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points.\nDo not borrow the lender’s maximum — it leaves no margin.\nThe three ceilings\nBefore you view anything, set three ceilings. The maximum purchase price caps what you shop for. The maximum monthly housing outflow is the real affordability test, and it is more than the mortgage — it includes fixed-asset and city-planning tax, condominium management and repair-reserve fees, insurance, parking, utilities, and owner-funded repairs (a house shifts roof, exterior, and structural costs onto you directly). The minimum cash reserve is what you will still hold after closing, so you are not left with no buffer for fees, repairs, or emergencies.\nStress-test the payment\nRun the monthly payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points, because a variable loan you can afford only at the initial rate is a loan you cannot safely afford. Flag the plan if stressed housing costs exceed a prudent share of net income (a common guide is around 35%), if total debt service exceeds the lender’s rules, or if the mortgage extends materially beyond your expected working income. The lender’s maximum is an underwriting ceiling, not a household recommendation — decide on your own stressed budget.\nKey points to carry away: Set a purchase-price ceiling, a monthly-outflow ceiling, and a post-closing cash floor; Monthly outflow is more than the mortgage: add tax, management, reserve, insurance, parking, and repairs; Stress-test the payment at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points; Do not borrow the lender’s maximum — it leaves no margin. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/property-budget","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-preapproval:en","entityId":"guide:property-preapproval","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage preapproval before property hunting","plainText":"Get preapproval (事前審査) before you make an offer: it tells you your realistic budget, lets you act quickly, and underpins the financing-condition clause — but it is time-limited and not a promise to lend.\nTiming, documents, validity, offers, and financing clauses around preapproval.\nPreapproval screens stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property.\nIt gives you a realistic budget and credibility when making an offer.\nPreapproval is time-limited and lender-specific — it is not a promise to lend.\nMake an offer with a financing-condition clause; it is safer to have preapproval first.\nWhy get preapproval first\nPreapproval (事前審査/仮審査) screens your stated income, debts, identity, employment, and the property, and gives you a realistic budget before you fall in love with a home you cannot finance. It also makes your offer more credible to a seller. Gather the documents early — withholding slips, tax certificates, and employment evidence — so you can obtain preapproval quickly when you find a candidate property. It is safer to have preapproval in hand before making an offer.\nValidity and the financing clause\nPreapproval is time-limited and lender-specific, and it is not a promise to lend — final approval (本審査) can still fail if documents differ, the appraisal is weak, or the property is ineligible. When you make an offer and sign, the financing-condition clause (住宅ローン特約) should name the lender, amount, and application and approval deadlines, and state whether the deposit is refundable if financing fails under the clause. Preapproval and a well-drafted financing clause together are the mortgage buyer’s core protection against losing a deposit on a deal that cannot be financed.\nKey points to carry away: Preapproval screens stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property; It gives you a realistic budget and credibility when making an offer; Preapproval is time-limited and lender-specific — it is not a promise to lend; Make an offer with a financing-condition clause; it is safer to have preapproval first. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-preapproval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-preapproval","faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval","faq:loan-preapproval-valid"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:preapproval-final-approval","guide:mortgage-financing-clause","guide:making-property-offer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Get preapproval (事前審査) before you make an offer: it tells you your realistic budget, lets you act quickly, and underpins the financing-condition clause — but it is time-limited and not a promise to lend.\nTiming, documents, validity, offers, and financing clauses around preapproval.\nPreapproval screens stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property.\nIt gives you a realistic budget and credibility when making an offer.\nPreapproval is time-limited and lender-specific — it is not a promise to lend.\nMake an offer with a financing-condition clause; it is safer to have preapproval first.\nWhy get preapproval first\nPreapproval (事前審査/仮審査) screens your stated income, debts, identity, employment, and the property, and gives you a realistic budget before you fall in love with a home you cannot finance. It also makes your offer more credible to a seller. Gather the documents early — withholding slips, tax certificates, and employment evidence — so you can obtain preapproval quickly when you find a candidate property. It is safer to have preapproval in hand before making an offer.\nValidity and the financing clause\nPreapproval is time-limited and lender-specific, and it is not a promise to lend — final approval (本審査) can still fail if documents differ, the appraisal is weak, or the property is ineligible. When you make an offer and sign, the financing-condition clause (住宅ローン特約) should name the lender, amount, and application and approval deadlines, and state whether the deposit is refundable if financing fails under the clause. Preapproval and a well-drafted financing clause together are the mortgage buyer’s core protection against losing a deposit on a deal that cannot be financed.\nKey points to carry away: Preapproval screens stated income, debts, identity, employment, and property; It gives you a realistic budget and credibility when making an offer; Preapproval is time-limited and lender-specific — it is not a promise to lend; Make an offer with a financing-condition clause; it is safer to have preapproval first. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/property-preapproval","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:choosing-property-area:en","entityId":"guide:choosing-property-area","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to choose an area in Japan","plainText":"Evaluate commute, schools, medical care, noise, redevelopment, zoning, slope, and flood/landslide/tsunami/liquefaction exposure — and rental demand and resale depth — using MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library alongside site visits.\nCommute, services, demographics, zoning, hazards, and resale in area selection.\nWeigh commute, schools, medical care, noise, and redevelopment plans.\nCheck zoning, slope, and flood/landslide/tsunami/liquefaction exposure on official maps.\nConsider local population, rental demand, and resale depth, not just today’s convenience.\nMLIT’s Real Estate Information Library combines prices, land values, planning, and hazard data.\nWhat to evaluate in an area\nChoosing an area is choosing your daily life and your future resale market at once. Evaluate the commute, schools, medical care, noise, redevelopment plans, zoning, slope, and official flood, inland-flood, landslide, tsunami, storm-surge, and liquefaction exposure, plus the local population trend, rental demand, and resale depth. MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library combines transaction prices, official land values, planning, disaster, and amenity information in one place, which lets you sanity-check a listing against real comparables and hazards.\nMaps plus site observation\nHazard maps describe modeled scenarios and do not prove that an uncolored site is risk-free, so combine official maps with local maps and site observation. Walk from the station, note the slope and drainage, and imagine the area in heavy rain. Population and demand matter for both livability and resale — an area with a shrinking, aging population may be cheaper now but harder to sell later. Underwrite the specific micro-location, not the city label, and verify demand with transaction comparables.\nKey points to carry away: Weigh commute, schools, medical care, noise, and redevelopment plans; Check zoning, slope, and flood/landslide/tsunami/liquefaction exposure on official maps; Consider local population, rental demand, and resale depth, not just today’s convenience; MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library combines prices, land values, planning, and hazard data. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/choosing-property-area","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-hazard-map","faq:loan-outside-hazard-zone","faq:loan-station-distance"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:hazard-maps","guide:finding-property","guide:property-resale-value"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Evaluate commute, schools, medical care, noise, redevelopment, zoning, slope, and flood/landslide/tsunami/liquefaction exposure — and rental demand and resale depth — using MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library alongside site visits.\nCommute, services, demographics, zoning, hazards, and resale in area selection.\nWeigh commute, schools, medical care, noise, and redevelopment plans.\nCheck zoning, slope, and flood/landslide/tsunami/liquefaction exposure on official maps.\nConsider local population, rental demand, and resale depth, not just today’s convenience.\nMLIT’s Real Estate Information Library combines prices, land values, planning, and hazard data.\nWhat to evaluate in an area\nChoosing an area is choosing your daily life and your future resale market at once. Evaluate the commute, schools, medical care, noise, redevelopment plans, zoning, slope, and official flood, inland-flood, landslide, tsunami, storm-surge, and liquefaction exposure, plus the local population trend, rental demand, and resale depth. MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library combines transaction prices, official land values, planning, disaster, and amenity information in one place, which lets you sanity-check a listing against real comparables and hazards.\nMaps plus site observation\nHazard maps describe modeled scenarios and do not prove that an uncolored site is risk-free, so combine official maps with local maps and site observation. Walk from the station, note the slope and drainage, and imagine the area in heavy rain. Population and demand matter for both livability and resale — an area with a shrinking, aging population may be cheaper now but harder to sell later. Underwrite the specific micro-location, not the city label, and verify demand with transaction comparables.\nKey points to carry away: Weigh commute, schools, medical care, noise, and redevelopment plans; Check zoning, slope, and flood/landslide/tsunami/liquefaction exposure on official maps; Consider local population, rental demand, and resale depth, not just today’s convenience; MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library combines prices, land values, planning, and hazard data. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/choosing-property-area","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:finding-property:en","entityId":"guide:finding-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to search for property in Japan","plainText":"Search multiple portals and agents, treat listings as discovery rather than diligence, expect duplicate listings, be skeptical of \"off-market\" claims, and verify prices against MLIT transaction comparables.\nPortals, duplicate listings, agents, off-market claims, and comparables.\nUse multiple portals and agents; duplicate listings are common.\nA portal is an advertising and discovery tool, not title, legal, or building diligence.\nBe skeptical of \"off-market\" or \"exclusive\" claims used to pressure a decision.\nVerify asking prices against MLIT transaction comparables and REINS market data.\nPortals, duplicates, and agents\nSearch multiple portals (SUUMO, at home, HOME’S, Yahoo! Real Estate, and others) and talk to agents, but remember a portal is an advertising and discovery tool, not a substitute for title, legal, building, or financial diligence. Duplicate listings are common because many brokers advertise the same property, and a single home can appear at slightly different prices or with different photos. Use the portals to find candidates and understand the market, then move to proper diligence on the specific property.\n\"Off-market\" claims and comparables\nBe skeptical of \"off-market\" or \"exclusive\" claims used to create urgency — they are sometimes genuine, but often a sales technique. Whatever the channel, verify the asking price against evidence: MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library and REINS Market Information provide transaction comparables, so you can see what similar properties actually sold for rather than relying on the asking price. Data can lag and every property differs, but comparables are the antidote to paying a listing’s optimistic number.\nKey points to carry away: Use multiple portals and agents; duplicate listings are common; A portal is an advertising and discovery tool, not title, legal, or building diligence; Be skeptical of \"off-market\" or \"exclusive\" claims used to pressure a decision; Verify asking prices against MLIT transaction comparables and REINS market data. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/finding-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portals","guide:compare-property-listings","guide:real-estate-agents-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Search multiple portals and agents, treat listings as discovery rather than diligence, expect duplicate listings, be skeptical of \"off-market\" claims, and verify prices against MLIT transaction comparables.\nPortals, duplicate listings, agents, off-market claims, and comparables.\nUse multiple portals and agents; duplicate listings are common.\nA portal is an advertising and discovery tool, not title, legal, or building diligence.\nBe skeptical of \"off-market\" or \"exclusive\" claims used to pressure a decision.\nVerify asking prices against MLIT transaction comparables and REINS market data.\nPortals, duplicates, and agents\nSearch multiple portals (SUUMO, at home, HOME’S, Yahoo! Real Estate, and others) and talk to agents, but remember a portal is an advertising and discovery tool, not a substitute for title, legal, building, or financial diligence. Duplicate listings are common because many brokers advertise the same property, and a single home can appear at slightly different prices or with different photos. Use the portals to find candidates and understand the market, then move to proper diligence on the specific property.\n\"Off-market\" claims and comparables\nBe skeptical of \"off-market\" or \"exclusive\" claims used to create urgency — they are sometimes genuine, but often a sales technique. Whatever the channel, verify the asking price against evidence: MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library and REINS Market Information provide transaction comparables, so you can see what similar properties actually sold for rather than relying on the asking price. Data can lag and every property differs, but comparables are the antidote to paying a listing’s optimistic number.\nKey points to carry away: Use multiple portals and agents; duplicate listings are common; A portal is an advertising and discovery tool, not title, legal, or building diligence; Be skeptical of \"off-market\" or \"exclusive\" claims used to pressure a decision; Verify asking prices against MLIT transaction comparables and REINS market data. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/finding-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:real-estate-agents-japan:en","entityId":"guide:real-estate-agents-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Working with a Japanese real-estate agent","plainText":"Ask who the agent actually represents: the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller, dual agency and direct dealing create conflicts, and commission is subject to a statutory maximum — verify the license before you pay anything.\nAgency roles, representation, commission, conflicts, and licensing.\nAsk who the agent represents and whether dual agency or direct dealing exists.\nThe listing broker often represents or depends on the seller economically.\nBrokerage commission is subject to a statutory maximum.\nVerify the license and any administrative actions before paying.\nWhose side is the agent on?\nMost brokerages are commission-based, and the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller — so their incentives are not automatically aligned with yours. Ask directly who the agent represents, whether they are acting for both sides (dual agency), and whether they have a direct interest in the sale. A property portal or an \"English website\" does not tell you whether a company is a broker, a media/referral business, or a property manager, so establish the relationship and incentives before you rely on the advice.\nCommission and licensing\nBrokerage commission is subject to a statutory maximum that depends on the price and transaction; for conventional prices it is commonly calculated with the permitted simplified formula plus consumption tax. New developer properties bought directly from the seller often carry no buyer brokerage, but confirm the transaction structure. Before paying anything, verify the company’s license and any administrative actions through MLIT and prefectural licensing records — this is free, and it confirms you are dealing with a legitimate, disciplined broker.\nKey points to carry away: Ask who the agent represents and whether dual agency or direct dealing exists; The listing broker often represents or depends on the seller economically; Brokerage commission is subject to a statutory maximum; Verify the license and any administrative actions before paying. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/real-estate-agents-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-brokerage-commission","faq:loan-developer-brokerage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees","guide:buyers-agents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Ask who the agent actually represents: the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller, dual agency and direct dealing create conflicts, and commission is subject to a statutory maximum — verify the license before you pay anything.\nAgency roles, representation, commission, conflicts, and licensing.\nAsk who the agent represents and whether dual agency or direct dealing exists.\nThe listing broker often represents or depends on the seller economically.\nBrokerage commission is subject to a statutory maximum.\nVerify the license and any administrative actions before paying.\nWhose side is the agent on?\nMost brokerages are commission-based, and the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller — so their incentives are not automatically aligned with yours. Ask directly who the agent represents, whether they are acting for both sides (dual agency), and whether they have a direct interest in the sale. A property portal or an \"English website\" does not tell you whether a company is a broker, a media/referral business, or a property manager, so establish the relationship and incentives before you rely on the advice.\nCommission and licensing\nBrokerage commission is subject to a statutory maximum that depends on the price and transaction; for conventional prices it is commonly calculated with the permitted simplified formula plus consumption tax. New developer properties bought directly from the seller often carry no buyer brokerage, but confirm the transaction structure. Before paying anything, verify the company’s license and any administrative actions through MLIT and prefectural licensing records — this is free, and it confirms you are dealing with a legitimate, disciplined broker.\nKey points to carry away: Ask who the agent represents and whether dual agency or direct dealing exists; The listing broker often represents or depends on the seller economically; Brokerage commission is subject to a statutory maximum; Verify the license and any administrative actions before paying. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/real-estate-agents-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-viewing-guide:en","entityId":"guide:property-viewing-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property viewings in Japan","plainText":"View the property repeatedly — in daylight, at night, on a weekday, and after rain — measure the actual usable space, and check noise, sunlight, odors, vibration, access, and the neighborhood before deciding.\nMultiple visits, noise, sunlight, odors, access, measurements, and neighbors.\nVisit in daylight, at night, on a weekday, and after rain where possible.\nMeasure actual usable space rather than trusting the listed area.\nCheck odors, traffic, train vibration, sunlight, and neighboring buildings.\nWalk from the station on foot and note waste collection, deliveries, and reception.\nVisit more than once\nA single daytime viewing hides a lot. Visit in daylight and at night, on a weekday and a weekend, and after rain where possible, and walk from the station on foot to feel the real commute. A quiet street at 2pm can be noisy at 8am or on a Friday night; a bright room in summer can be dark in winter; a dry site can flood after heavy rain. Multiple visits at different times reveal what a staged viewing conceals.\nWhat to check on site\nMeasure the actual usable space rather than trusting the listed area, which can include walls or unusable corners. Check odors, traffic and train vibration, sunlight and neighboring buildings that block it, waste collection and delivery access, mobile reception, and evacuation paths. Talk to the neighbors if you can, and note anything that would bother you daily. A property-viewing checklist tailored to the property type, age, location, and your priorities keeps you systematic rather than swayed by first impressions.\nKey points to carry away: Visit in daylight, at night, on a weekday, and after rain where possible; Measure actual usable space rather than trusting the listed area; Check odors, traffic, train vibration, sunlight, and neighboring buildings; Walk from the station on foot and note waste collection, deliveries, and reception. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-viewing-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-inspections","guide:evaluating-used-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"View the property repeatedly — in daylight, at night, on a weekday, and after rain — measure the actual usable space, and check noise, sunlight, odors, vibration, access, and the neighborhood before deciding.\nMultiple visits, noise, sunlight, odors, access, measurements, and neighbors.\nVisit in daylight, at night, on a weekday, and after rain where possible.\nMeasure actual usable space rather than trusting the listed area.\nCheck odors, traffic, train vibration, sunlight, and neighboring buildings.\nWalk from the station on foot and note waste collection, deliveries, and reception.\nVisit more than once\nA single daytime viewing hides a lot. Visit in daylight and at night, on a weekday and a weekend, and after rain where possible, and walk from the station on foot to feel the real commute. A quiet street at 2pm can be noisy at 8am or on a Friday night; a bright room in summer can be dark in winter; a dry site can flood after heavy rain. Multiple visits at different times reveal what a staged viewing conceals.\nWhat to check on site\nMeasure the actual usable space rather than trusting the listed area, which can include walls or unusable corners. Check odors, traffic and train vibration, sunlight and neighboring buildings that block it, waste collection and delivery access, mobile reception, and evacuation paths. Talk to the neighbors if you can, and note anything that would bother you daily. A property-viewing checklist tailored to the property type, age, location, and your priorities keeps you systematic rather than swayed by first impressions.\nKey points to carry away: Visit in daylight, at night, on a weekday, and after rain where possible; Measure actual usable space rather than trusting the listed area; Check odors, traffic, train vibration, sunlight, and neighboring buildings; Walk from the station on foot and note waste collection, deliveries, and reception. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/property-viewing-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:making-property-offer:en","entityId":"guide:making-property-offer","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Making an offer on Japanese property","plainText":"Submit a purchase application (買付証明書) clarifying price, deposit, financing condition, desired closing date, included fixtures, and inspection/renovation access — commonly nonbinding in itself, but the wording and your conduct still matter.\nThe purchase application, price, conditions, fixtures, and renovation access.\nThe purchase application clarifies price, deposit, financing condition, and closing date.\nSpecify included fixtures, defect treatment, survey, inspection, and renovation access.\nAlthough commonly nonbinding in itself, the wording and conduct matter.\nIt is safer to have preapproval before making an offer.\nThe purchase application\nYou make an offer by submitting a purchase application (買付証明書). Use it to clarify the price, deposit, financing condition, desired closing date, included fixtures, defect treatment, survey, inspection, and renovation access — the more clearly these are stated, the fewer disputes arise later. Although the purchase application is commonly nonbinding in itself, the wording and your conduct still matter, and a seller may rely on it, so do not offer casually or on a property you are not prepared to buy under those terms.\nBefore you offer\nIt is safer to have preapproval before making an offer, so you know the price is financeable and can act with credibility. Think through the conditions you need — especially the financing-condition clause that will go into the contract — before you submit, because an offer sets the frame for the negotiation and the contract that follows. If you plan to inspect or renovate, secure access rights in the offer rather than assuming them later.\nKey points to carry away: The purchase application clarifies price, deposit, financing condition, and closing date; Specify included fixtures, defect treatment, survey, inspection, and renovation access; Although commonly nonbinding in itself, the wording and conduct matter; It is safer to have preapproval before making an offer. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/making-property-offer","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-preapproval","guide:important-matters-explanation","guide:property-purchase-contract"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Submit a purchase application (買付証明書) clarifying price, deposit, financing condition, desired closing date, included fixtures, and inspection/renovation access — commonly nonbinding in itself, but the wording and your conduct still matter.\nThe purchase application, price, conditions, fixtures, and renovation access.\nThe purchase application clarifies price, deposit, financing condition, and closing date.\nSpecify included fixtures, defect treatment, survey, inspection, and renovation access.\nAlthough commonly nonbinding in itself, the wording and conduct matter.\nIt is safer to have preapproval before making an offer.\nThe purchase application\nYou make an offer by submitting a purchase application (買付証明書). Use it to clarify the price, deposit, financing condition, desired closing date, included fixtures, defect treatment, survey, inspection, and renovation access — the more clearly these are stated, the fewer disputes arise later. Although the purchase application is commonly nonbinding in itself, the wording and your conduct still matter, and a seller may rely on it, so do not offer casually or on a property you are not prepared to buy under those terms.\nBefore you offer\nIt is safer to have preapproval before making an offer, so you know the price is financeable and can act with credibility. Think through the conditions you need — especially the financing-condition clause that will go into the contract — before you submit, because an offer sets the frame for the negotiation and the contract that follows. If you plan to inspect or renovate, secure access rights in the offer rather than assuming them later.\nKey points to carry away: The purchase application clarifies price, deposit, financing condition, and closing date; Specify included fixtures, defect treatment, survey, inspection, and renovation access; Although commonly nonbinding in itself, the wording and conduct matter; It is safer to have preapproval before making an offer. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/making-property-offer","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:important-matters-explanation:en","entityId":"guide:important-matters-explanation","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Explanation of important matters","plainText":"The explanation of important matters (重要事項説明) is delivered by a licensed transaction specialist and covers title, legal restrictions, road access, utilities, disaster information, leasehold, management, deposits, and cancellation — obtain the documents early, not minutes before signing.\nTitle, road access, zoning, hazards, utilities, cancellation, and management.\nA licensed transaction specialist explains the material facts before the contract.\nIt covers title, legal restrictions, road access, utilities, disaster info, leasehold, and management.\nIt also covers deposits, cancellation rights, and other material matters.\nObtain the documents early so you can review and ask questions, not sign under pressure.\nWhat the explanation covers\nThe explanation of important matters (重要事項説明) is a legally required disclosure delivered by a licensed real-estate transaction specialist before you enter the purchase contract. It covers title, legal restrictions, road access, utilities, disaster information, leasehold terms, building management, deposits, cancellation rights, and other material matters. This is where hidden problems — a leasehold, a non-rebuildable status, an easement, a management dispute, a hazard exposure — are supposed to surface, so read every line and ask about anything unclear.\nGet the documents early\nA common and avoidable mistake is seeing the important-matters documents for the first time immediately before signing, when there is no time to digest them or seek advice. Obtain them early — ideally days before — so you can review the details, cross-check the title and hazard information, and consult a professional if anything is complex (leasehold, non-rebuildable, or a management dispute). If the seller or broker resists giving you the documents in advance, treat that as a warning sign rather than a formality.\nKey points to carry away: A licensed transaction specialist explains the material facts before the contract; It covers title, legal restrictions, road access, utilities, disaster info, leasehold, and management; It also covers deposits, cancellation rights, and other material matters; Obtain the documents early so you can review and ask questions, not sign under pressure. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/important-matters-explanation","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-purchase-contract","guide:property-land-rights","guide:non-rebuildable-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"The explanation of important matters (重要事項説明) is delivered by a licensed transaction specialist and covers title, legal restrictions, road access, utilities, disaster information, leasehold, management, deposits, and cancellation — obtain the documents early, not minutes before signing.\nTitle, road access, zoning, hazards, utilities, cancellation, and management.\nA licensed transaction specialist explains the material facts before the contract.\nIt covers title, legal restrictions, road access, utilities, disaster info, leasehold, and management.\nIt also covers deposits, cancellation rights, and other material matters.\nObtain the documents early so you can review and ask questions, not sign under pressure.\nWhat the explanation covers\nThe explanation of important matters (重要事項説明) is a legally required disclosure delivered by a licensed real-estate transaction specialist before you enter the purchase contract. It covers title, legal restrictions, road access, utilities, disaster information, leasehold terms, building management, deposits, cancellation rights, and other material matters. This is where hidden problems — a leasehold, a non-rebuildable status, an easement, a management dispute, a hazard exposure — are supposed to surface, so read every line and ask about anything unclear.\nGet the documents early\nA common and avoidable mistake is seeing the important-matters documents for the first time immediately before signing, when there is no time to digest them or seek advice. Obtain them early — ideally days before — so you can review the details, cross-check the title and hazard information, and consult a professional if anything is complex (leasehold, non-rebuildable, or a management dispute). If the seller or broker resists giving you the documents in advance, treat that as a warning sign rather than a formality.\nKey points to carry away: A licensed transaction specialist explains the material facts before the contract; It covers title, legal restrictions, road access, utilities, disaster info, leasehold, and management; It also covers deposits, cancellation rights, and other material matters; Obtain the documents early so you can review and ask questions, not sign under pressure. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/important-matters-explanation","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-purchase-contract:en","entityId":"guide:property-purchase-contract","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japanese property purchase contracts","plainText":"The purchase agreement (売買契約) sets out obligations, deadlines, breach and cancellation terms, and the financing-condition clause — understand every deadline and the deposit rules, and get professional review before you sign.\nContract structure, obligations, deadlines, breach, and professional review.\nThe contract sets obligations, deadlines, breach, and cancellation terms.\nThe financing-condition clause governs whether you recover the deposit if a loan fails.\nMissing a deadline can forfeit a deposit or expose you to liquidated damages.\nHave a professional review the contract before signing.\nContract structure and obligations\nThe purchase agreement (売買契約) is the binding document that sets out the parties’ obligations, the payment and closing deadlines, the treatment of breach, and cancellation rights, alongside the financing-condition clause. Every deadline matters: the loan-application and approval deadlines, the closing date, and any deadline for exercising a cancellation right. Missing a deadline can forfeit a deposit or trigger liquidated damages, so map the dates and build in margin.\nProfessional review before signing\nDo not sign a sale contract before you understand the mortgage-condition clause and the deposit rules. The financing-condition clause determines whether the deposit is returned if specified financing fails — and only if the contract’s conditions were met. For anything unusual (leasehold, non-rebuildable, a complex title, or a large transaction), have a professional review the contract before signing. The cost of review is small next to the deposit and the price, and it is the last point at which you can catch a problem cheaply.\nKey points to carry away: The contract sets obligations, deadlines, breach, and cancellation terms; The financing-condition clause governs whether you recover the deposit if a loan fails; Missing a deadline can forfeit a deposit or expose you to liquidated damages; Have a professional review the contract before signing. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-purchase-contract","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-financing-clause","faq:loan-deposit-returned","faq:loan-earnest-money-size"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:important-matters-explanation","guide:property-deposits","guide:mortgage-financing-clause"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"The purchase agreement (売買契約) sets out obligations, deadlines, breach and cancellation terms, and the financing-condition clause — understand every deadline and the deposit rules, and get professional review before you sign.\nContract structure, obligations, deadlines, breach, and professional review.\nThe contract sets obligations, deadlines, breach, and cancellation terms.\nThe financing-condition clause governs whether you recover the deposit if a loan fails.\nMissing a deadline can forfeit a deposit or expose you to liquidated damages.\nHave a professional review the contract before signing.\nContract structure and obligations\nThe purchase agreement (売買契約) is the binding document that sets out the parties’ obligations, the payment and closing deadlines, the treatment of breach, and cancellation rights, alongside the financing-condition clause. Every deadline matters: the loan-application and approval deadlines, the closing date, and any deadline for exercising a cancellation right. Missing a deadline can forfeit a deposit or trigger liquidated damages, so map the dates and build in margin.\nProfessional review before signing\nDo not sign a sale contract before you understand the mortgage-condition clause and the deposit rules. The financing-condition clause determines whether the deposit is returned if specified financing fails — and only if the contract’s conditions were met. For anything unusual (leasehold, non-rebuildable, a complex title, or a large transaction), have a professional review the contract before signing. The cost of review is small next to the deposit and the price, and it is the last point at which you can catch a problem cheaply.\nKey points to carry away: The contract sets obligations, deadlines, breach, and cancellation terms; The financing-condition clause governs whether you recover the deposit if a loan fails; Missing a deadline can forfeit a deposit or expose you to liquidated damages; Have a professional review the contract before signing. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/property-purchase-contract","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-deposits:en","entityId":"guide:property-deposits","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Earnest money and deposits","plainText":"Earnest money (手付金) is part of the price, not an extra cost, and is commonly around 5–10% but not universal; whether it is returned if financing fails depends on the contract’s financing-condition clause and whether its requirements were met.\nTypical structure, cancellation, financing failure, and return conditions.\nEarnest money is credited to the price at closing — not an extra cost if the deal completes.\nA common range is 5–10%, but there is no universal mandatory percentage.\nUnderstand cancellation rights, deadlines, and liquidated damages.\nThe deposit is returned on financing failure only if the financing-condition clause applied and its requirements were met.\nWhat earnest money is\nEarnest money (手付金) is a payment made at contract that is part of the purchase price, not an additional cost — it is credited to the price at closing if the deal completes. Common market practice is roughly 5–10%, but there is no universal mandatory percentage, and the amount is negotiated. Understand the cancellation rights it carries: in many contracts, up to a defined point, a buyer can cancel by forfeiting the deposit and a seller by returning double it, but deadlines and liquidated-damages terms vary.\nReturn on financing failure\nA key question for a mortgage buyer is whether the deposit is returned if the loan falls through. The answer is: only if the contract’s financing-condition clause (住宅ローン特約) applies and its requirements were met — the named lender, amount, and deadlines, and your having applied and pursued the loan in good faith. This is why the financing-condition clause must be carefully drafted and why you should not sign before you understand it. If the clause does not apply or you missed its conditions, the deposit can be at risk.\nKey points to carry away: Earnest money is credited to the price at closing — not an extra cost if the deal completes; A common range is 5–10%, but there is no universal mandatory percentage; Understand cancellation rights, deadlines, and liquidated damages; The deposit is returned on financing failure only if the financing-condition clause applied and its requirements were met. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-deposits","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-earnest-money-size","faq:loan-earnest-extra-cost","faq:loan-deposit-returned"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-purchase-contract","guide:mortgage-financing-clause","guide:property-closing-costs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Earnest money (手付金) is part of the price, not an extra cost, and is commonly around 5–10% but not universal; whether it is returned if financing fails depends on the contract’s financing-condition clause and whether its requirements were met.\nTypical structure, cancellation, financing failure, and return conditions.\nEarnest money is credited to the price at closing — not an extra cost if the deal completes.\nA common range is 5–10%, but there is no universal mandatory percentage.\nUnderstand cancellation rights, deadlines, and liquidated damages.\nThe deposit is returned on financing failure only if the financing-condition clause applied and its requirements were met.\nWhat earnest money is\nEarnest money (手付金) is a payment made at contract that is part of the purchase price, not an additional cost — it is credited to the price at closing if the deal completes. Common market practice is roughly 5–10%, but there is no universal mandatory percentage, and the amount is negotiated. Understand the cancellation rights it carries: in many contracts, up to a defined point, a buyer can cancel by forfeiting the deposit and a seller by returning double it, but deadlines and liquidated-damages terms vary.\nReturn on financing failure\nA key question for a mortgage buyer is whether the deposit is returned if the loan falls through. The answer is: only if the contract’s financing-condition clause (住宅ローン特約) applies and its requirements were met — the named lender, amount, and deadlines, and your having applied and pursued the loan in good faith. This is why the financing-condition clause must be carefully drafted and why you should not sign before you understand it. If the clause does not apply or you missed its conditions, the deposit can be at risk.\nKey points to carry away: Earnest money is credited to the price at closing — not an extra cost if the deal completes; A common range is 5–10%, but there is no universal mandatory percentage; Understand cancellation rights, deadlines, and liquidated damages; The deposit is returned on financing failure only if the financing-condition clause applied and its requirements were met. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/property-deposits","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-financing-clause:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-financing-clause","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage financing clauses","plainText":"The financing-condition clause (住宅ローン特約) lets you cancel and recover the deposit if specified financing fails — but only if it names the lender and amount, sets clear deadlines, and you meet your obligation to apply in good faith.\nNamed lender, amount, deadlines, buyer obligations, and deposit risk.\nThe clause should name the lender, the amount, and the application and approval deadlines.\nIt governs whether you recover the deposit if financing fails.\nYou must meet your obligations — applying in good faith and by the deadline.\nA poorly drafted clause can leave your deposit at risk.\nWhat the clause does\nThe financing-condition clause (住宅ローン特約) is the mortgage buyer’s core protection. It allows you to cancel the contract and recover the deposit if specified financing fails under the clause. To work, it should name the lender, the amount, and the application and approval deadlines, and it should state clearly what happens to the deposit if the loan is declined. Confirm the lender, amount, application deadline, approval deadline, and refund terms before you rely on it.\nYour obligations and the deposit risk\nThe clause protects you only if you meet your obligations — chiefly applying for the named loan in good faith and by the deadline, and not causing the failure yourself (for example, by taking on new debt or changing jobs). If the clause does not apply to how the financing actually failed, or you missed a deadline, the deposit can be at risk. Because the wording is decisive, do not sign a sale contract before you understand the clause, and have it reviewed if the transaction is large or unusual.\nKey points to carry away: The clause should name the lender, the amount, and the application and approval deadlines; It governs whether you recover the deposit if financing fails; You must meet your obligations — applying in good faith and by the deadline; A poorly drafted clause can leave your deposit at risk. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-financing-clause","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-financing-clause","faq:loan-deposit-returned","faq:loan-change-jobs"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-deposits","guide:property-purchase-contract","guide:preapproval-final-approval"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"The financing-condition clause (住宅ローン特約) lets you cancel and recover the deposit if specified financing fails — but only if it names the lender and amount, sets clear deadlines, and you meet your obligation to apply in good faith.\nNamed lender, amount, deadlines, buyer obligations, and deposit risk.\nThe clause should name the lender, the amount, and the application and approval deadlines.\nIt governs whether you recover the deposit if financing fails.\nYou must meet your obligations — applying in good faith and by the deadline.\nA poorly drafted clause can leave your deposit at risk.\nWhat the clause does\nThe financing-condition clause (住宅ローン特約) is the mortgage buyer’s core protection. It allows you to cancel the contract and recover the deposit if specified financing fails under the clause. To work, it should name the lender, the amount, and the application and approval deadlines, and it should state clearly what happens to the deposit if the loan is declined. Confirm the lender, amount, application deadline, approval deadline, and refund terms before you rely on it.\nYour obligations and the deposit risk\nThe clause protects you only if you meet your obligations — chiefly applying for the named loan in good faith and by the deadline, and not causing the failure yourself (for example, by taking on new debt or changing jobs). If the clause does not apply to how the financing actually failed, or you missed a deadline, the deposit can be at risk. Because the wording is decisive, do not sign a sale contract before you understand the clause, and have it reviewed if the transaction is large or unusual.\nKey points to carry away: The clause should name the lender, the amount, and the application and approval deadlines; It governs whether you recover the deposit if financing fails; You must meet your obligations — applying in good faith and by the deadline; A poorly drafted clause can leave your deposit at risk. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-financing-clause","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:home-inspections:en","entityId":"guide:home-inspections","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Home inspections in Japan","plainText":"A registered existing-home condition inspection (建物状況調査) examines visible and measurable deterioration; the framework requires brokers to address inspection referral and disclosure, but it does not guarantee the property is defect-free, and a lender appraisal is not a structural inspection.\nExisting-home inspections, their limits, independence, reports, and warranties.\nA registered inspector examines visible and measurable deterioration of specified components.\nThe framework requires brokers to address inspection referral and disclosure.\nInspection does not guarantee the property is defect-free.\nPrefer an inspector independent of the seller and the renovation contractor.\nWhat an inspection covers\nFor a used home, commission an independent qualified inspector where practical. Under Japan’s inspection framework, a registered existing-home condition inspector (建物状況調査, an inspector under the relevant registration) examines visible and measurable deterioration of specified components. The statutory framework requires brokers to address inspection referral and disclosure, so the topic should come up in the transaction. But the inspection is a condition survey of what can be seen and measured, not a guarantee, and a lender’s appraisal is a collateral valuation, not a structural inspection.\nLimits and independence\nAn inspection does not guarantee there are no hidden defects — it reports on what is visible and measurable at the time, so structural, concealed, or intermittent problems can be missed. Prefer an inspector chosen by you and independent of the seller and any renovation contractor, so the report is not shaped by an interest in closing the sale or selling repair work. Do not waive an inspection merely because a building looks renovated; a fresh finish can hide deferred structural work.\nKey points to carry away: A registered inspector examines visible and measurable deterioration of specified components; The framework requires brokers to address inspection referral and disclosure; Inspection does not guarantee the property is defect-free; Prefer an inspector independent of the seller and the renovation contractor. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/home-inspections","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-inspection","faq:loan-inspection-guarantee","faq:loan-who-selects-inspector"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-inspection-services","guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:property-defects-warranties"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A registered existing-home condition inspection (建物状況調査) examines visible and measurable deterioration; the framework requires brokers to address inspection referral and disclosure, but it does not guarantee the property is defect-free, and a lender appraisal is not a structural inspection.\nExisting-home inspections, their limits, independence, reports, and warranties.\nA registered inspector examines visible and measurable deterioration of specified components.\nThe framework requires brokers to address inspection referral and disclosure.\nInspection does not guarantee the property is defect-free.\nPrefer an inspector independent of the seller and the renovation contractor.\nWhat an inspection covers\nFor a used home, commission an independent qualified inspector where practical. Under Japan’s inspection framework, a registered existing-home condition inspector (建物状況調査, an inspector under the relevant registration) examines visible and measurable deterioration of specified components. The statutory framework requires brokers to address inspection referral and disclosure, so the topic should come up in the transaction. But the inspection is a condition survey of what can be seen and measured, not a guarantee, and a lender’s appraisal is a collateral valuation, not a structural inspection.\nLimits and independence\nAn inspection does not guarantee there are no hidden defects — it reports on what is visible and measurable at the time, so structural, concealed, or intermittent problems can be missed. Prefer an inspector chosen by you and independent of the seller and any renovation contractor, so the report is not shaped by an interest in closing the sale or selling repair work. Do not waive an inspection merely because a building looks renovated; a fresh finish can hide deferred structural work.\nKey points to carry away: A registered inspector examines visible and measurable deterioration of specified components; The framework requires brokers to address inspection referral and disclosure; Inspection does not guarantee the property is defect-free; Prefer an inspector independent of the seller and the renovation contractor. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/home-inspections","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-closing-registration:en","entityId":"guide:property-closing-registration","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Closing and registration","plainText":"At closing the buyer pays the balance, the lender disburses, keys and possession transfer, and a judicial scrivener files ownership and mortgage registrations — confirm vacant possession, utilities, prorated taxes and fees, and no unexpected encumbrances.\nFinal payment, lender disbursement, keys, judicial scrivener, and registrations.\nThe buyer pays the balance and the lender disburses on the same day.\nKeys and possession transfer at closing.\nA judicial scrivener files the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations.\nConfirm vacant possession, utilities, prorated taxes/fees, and no unexpected encumbrances.\nWhat happens at closing\nClosing (決済) is the day the transaction completes. The buyer pays the balance of the price, the lender disburses the mortgage, keys and possession transfer, and a judicial scrivener (司法書士) typically files the ownership-transfer registration and the lender’s mortgage registration. These steps usually happen together, often at a bank, with the judicial scrivener confirming the paperwork before money moves. The scrivener’s role is to prepare and file the registrations and verify the closing formalities.\nWhat to confirm\nBefore and at closing, confirm vacant possession (the property is empty and yours to occupy), that utilities are arranged, that taxes and fees are correctly prorated between seller and buyer, that all documents are present, and that there are no unexpected encumbrances on the title. The judicial scrivener checks the registration side, but you should satisfy yourself on possession and the financial prorations. Once the money moves and the registrations file, the home is yours — so raise any discrepancy before, not after, disbursement.\nKey points to carry away: The buyer pays the balance and the lender disburses on the same day; Keys and possession transfer at closing; A judicial scrivener files the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations; Confirm vacant possession, utilities, prorated taxes/fees, and no unexpected encumbrances. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-closing-registration","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-judicial-scrivener","faq:loan-prorate-fixed-asset"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:judicial-scrivener-property","guide:property-registration-costs","guide:after-buying-home"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Justice","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"At closing the buyer pays the balance, the lender disburses, keys and possession transfer, and a judicial scrivener files ownership and mortgage registrations — confirm vacant possession, utilities, prorated taxes and fees, and no unexpected encumbrances.\nFinal payment, lender disbursement, keys, judicial scrivener, and registrations.\nThe buyer pays the balance and the lender disburses on the same day.\nKeys and possession transfer at closing.\nA judicial scrivener files the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations.\nConfirm vacant possession, utilities, prorated taxes/fees, and no unexpected encumbrances.\nWhat happens at closing\nClosing (決済) is the day the transaction completes. The buyer pays the balance of the price, the lender disburses the mortgage, keys and possession transfer, and a judicial scrivener (司法書士) typically files the ownership-transfer registration and the lender’s mortgage registration. These steps usually happen together, often at a bank, with the judicial scrivener confirming the paperwork before money moves. The scrivener’s role is to prepare and file the registrations and verify the closing formalities.\nWhat to confirm\nBefore and at closing, confirm vacant possession (the property is empty and yours to occupy), that utilities are arranged, that taxes and fees are correctly prorated between seller and buyer, that all documents are present, and that there are no unexpected encumbrances on the title. The judicial scrivener checks the registration side, but you should satisfy yourself on possession and the financial prorations. Once the money moves and the registrations file, the home is yours — so raise any discrepancy before, not after, disbursement.\nKey points to carry away: The buyer pays the balance and the lender disburses on the same day; Keys and possession transfer at closing; A judicial scrivener files the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations; Confirm vacant possession, utilities, prorated taxes/fees, and no unexpected encumbrances. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/property-closing-registration","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-purchase-documents:en","entityId":"guide:property-purchase-documents","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Documents needed to buy property","plainText":"Expect to provide identity and residence records, income and tax documents, property documents, the purchase contract and important-matters explanation, and — especially for foreign residents — source-of-funds evidence.\nIdentity, income, tax, property, contract, and source-of-funds documents.\nIdentity and residence: residence card/My Number, resident record.\nIncome and tax: withholding slips, tax certificates, and returns for the self-employed.\nProperty and contract: purchase contract, important-matters explanation, property documents.\nSource of funds: evidence of the down payment, with translated overseas statements where required.\nThe document set\nBuying with a mortgage pulls together several document groups. Identity and residence: a residence card and My Number-related tax documents as requested, plus a resident record. Income and tax: withholding slips (源泉徴収票) and tax certificates for employees, and multiple years of tax returns for the self-employed. Property and contract: the purchase contract, the important-matters explanation, and the property documents. For a mortgage, add employment confirmation and insurance/health declarations for group credit life insurance.\nSource of funds, especially for foreign residents\nEvidence of the down payment and its source is increasingly important, and especially so for foreign residents and anyone bringing money from abroad — expect to show translated overseas bank statements where required, and be ready to explain how the funds were accumulated. Do not borrow the down payment through undisclosed consumer credit, because undisclosed borrowing is dangerous and can cause rejection or misrepresentation concerns. Keep the documents organized and consistent with what you stated at preapproval.\nKey points to carry away: Identity and residence: residence card/My Number, resident record; Income and tax: withholding slips, tax certificates, and returns for the self-employed; Property and contract: purchase contract, important-matters explanation, property documents; Source of funds: evidence of the down payment, with translated overseas statements where required. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-purchase-documents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-income-documents","faq:loan-borrow-down-payment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-income-documents","guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:mortgage-document-checklist"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Expect to provide identity and residence records, income and tax documents, property documents, the purchase contract and important-matters explanation, and — especially for foreign residents — source-of-funds evidence.\nIdentity, income, tax, property, contract, and source-of-funds documents.\nIdentity and residence: residence card/My Number, resident record.\nIncome and tax: withholding slips, tax certificates, and returns for the self-employed.\nProperty and contract: purchase contract, important-matters explanation, property documents.\nSource of funds: evidence of the down payment, with translated overseas statements where required.\nThe document set\nBuying with a mortgage pulls together several document groups. Identity and residence: a residence card and My Number-related tax documents as requested, plus a resident record. Income and tax: withholding slips (源泉徴収票) and tax certificates for employees, and multiple years of tax returns for the self-employed. Property and contract: the purchase contract, the important-matters explanation, and the property documents. For a mortgage, add employment confirmation and insurance/health declarations for group credit life insurance.\nSource of funds, especially for foreign residents\nEvidence of the down payment and its source is increasingly important, and especially so for foreign residents and anyone bringing money from abroad — expect to show translated overseas bank statements where required, and be ready to explain how the funds were accumulated. Do not borrow the down payment through undisclosed consumer credit, because undisclosed borrowing is dangerous and can cause rejection or misrepresentation concerns. Keep the documents organized and consistent with what you stated at preapproval.\nKey points to carry away: Identity and residence: residence card/My Number, resident record; Income and tax: withholding slips, tax certificates, and returns for the self-employed; Property and contract: purchase contract, important-matters explanation, property documents; Source of funds: evidence of the down payment, with translated overseas statements where required. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/property-purchase-documents","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:after-buying-home:en","entityId":"guide:after-buying-home","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What to do after buying a home","plainText":"After moving in, file the first-year mortgage-deduction return and any other tax claims, change your address, retain the contract and cost evidence, note defect-notification deadlines, establish a repair reserve, and review insurance annually.\nTax filings, records, insurance, repairs, address changes, and defect deadlines.\nFile the first-year mortgage-deduction return and any other tax claims.\nChange your address and update records.\nRetain the contract, important-matters explanation, and cost evidence.\nNote defect-notification deadlines, start a repair reserve, and review insurance annually.\nTax filings and records\nThe mortgage tax deduction generally requires a tax return in the first year of the claim, so file it — the credit is based on your qualifying year-end mortgage balance and is not automatic. Change your address on your resident record and with utilities, banks, and the lender. Retain the purchase contract, the important-matters explanation, invoices, registrations, loan records, and any renovation evidence; you will need this cost evidence later for capital-gains basis if you sell and for warranty or defect claims.\nDefects, reserves, and insurance\nCheck the defect-notification deadlines in your contract — for both new and used homes there are periods within which you must notify the seller of qualifying defects, and missing them can forfeit protection. Establish a repair reserve: a condominium collects one, but a house owner must self-fund an equivalent for roof, exterior, equipment, and structure. Review your fire and earthquake insurance annually, and remember earthquake cover is separate from fire cover and capped. These early habits protect the largest purchase of your life.\nKey points to carry away: File the first-year mortgage-deduction return and any other tax claims; Change your address and update records; Retain the contract, important-matters explanation, and cost evidence; Note defect-notification deadlines, start a repair reserve, and review insurance annually. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/after-buying-home","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-file-first-year","faq:loan-records-keep"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-tax-deduction","guide:property-defects-warranties","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"After moving in, file the first-year mortgage-deduction return and any other tax claims, change your address, retain the contract and cost evidence, note defect-notification deadlines, establish a repair reserve, and review insurance annually.\nTax filings, records, insurance, repairs, address changes, and defect deadlines.\nFile the first-year mortgage-deduction return and any other tax claims.\nChange your address and update records.\nRetain the contract, important-matters explanation, and cost evidence.\nNote defect-notification deadlines, start a repair reserve, and review insurance annually.\nTax filings and records\nThe mortgage tax deduction generally requires a tax return in the first year of the claim, so file it — the credit is based on your qualifying year-end mortgage balance and is not automatic. Change your address on your resident record and with utilities, banks, and the lender. Retain the purchase contract, the important-matters explanation, invoices, registrations, loan records, and any renovation evidence; you will need this cost evidence later for capital-gains basis if you sell and for warranty or defect claims.\nDefects, reserves, and insurance\nCheck the defect-notification deadlines in your contract — for both new and used homes there are periods within which you must notify the seller of qualifying defects, and missing them can forfeit protection. Establish a repair reserve: a condominium collects one, but a house owner must self-fund an equivalent for roof, exterior, equipment, and structure. Review your fire and earthquake insurance annually, and remember earthquake cover is separate from fire cover and capped. These early habits protect the largest purchase of your life.\nKey points to carry away: File the first-year mortgage-deduction return and any other tax claims; Change your address and update records; Retain the contract, important-matters explanation, and cost evidence; Note defect-notification deadlines, start a repair reserve, and review insurance annually. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/after-buying-home","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:evaluating-used-property:en","entityId":"guide:evaluating-used-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to evaluate a used home","plainText":"Assess the earthquake standard, structural condition, maintenance history, defects, hazard exposure, legal compliance, and resale liquidity — old does not automatically mean bad, and a fresh renovation can hide deferred structural work.\nStructure, age, defects, inspection, renovations, and legal compliance.\nCheck the earthquake standard, structure, and maintenance history.\nCommission an independent inspection; a fresh finish can hide deferred work.\nConfirm legal compliance — rebuildability, road frontage, and setbacks.\nAssess hazard exposure and realistic resale liquidity.\nWhat to assess in a used home\nA used home is not automatically riskier than a new one, but it needs evaluation across several dimensions: the earthquake standard (commonly associated with permits from June 1, 1981, though building-specific structure, retrofit, foundation, soil, and maintenance still matter), the structural condition and maintenance history, defects, hazard exposure, legal compliance, and resale liquidity. A lower price than a new home is the reward for taking on a known building whose history you can inspect — the risk is in what you fail to check.\nInspection and legal compliance\nCommission an independent qualified inspector where practical, and do not waive an inspection because a building looks renovated — a fresh finish can hide deferred structural work. Confirm legal compliance separately: whether the property is rebuildable, has adequate road frontage, meets setbacks, and complies with current zoning. A non-rebuildable (再建築不可) property is much cheaper but carries severe finance, insurance, renovation, and resale limitations. Verify these facts in the important-matters explanation and with the relevant office rather than trusting the listing.\nKey points to carry away: Check the earthquake standard, structure, and maintenance history; Commission an independent inspection; a fresh finish can hide deferred work; Confirm legal compliance — rebuildability, road frontage, and setbacks; Assess hazard exposure and realistic resale liquidity. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/evaluating-used-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-avoid-pre-1981","faq:loan-inspection-guarantee"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:earthquake-standards","guide:home-inspections","guide:non-rebuildable-property","guide:property-defects-warranties"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Assess the earthquake standard, structural condition, maintenance history, defects, hazard exposure, legal compliance, and resale liquidity — old does not automatically mean bad, and a fresh renovation can hide deferred structural work.\nStructure, age, defects, inspection, renovations, and legal compliance.\nCheck the earthquake standard, structure, and maintenance history.\nCommission an independent inspection; a fresh finish can hide deferred work.\nConfirm legal compliance — rebuildability, road frontage, and setbacks.\nAssess hazard exposure and realistic resale liquidity.\nWhat to assess in a used home\nA used home is not automatically riskier than a new one, but it needs evaluation across several dimensions: the earthquake standard (commonly associated with permits from June 1, 1981, though building-specific structure, retrofit, foundation, soil, and maintenance still matter), the structural condition and maintenance history, defects, hazard exposure, legal compliance, and resale liquidity. A lower price than a new home is the reward for taking on a known building whose history you can inspect — the risk is in what you fail to check.\nInspection and legal compliance\nCommission an independent qualified inspector where practical, and do not waive an inspection because a building looks renovated — a fresh finish can hide deferred structural work. Confirm legal compliance separately: whether the property is rebuildable, has adequate road frontage, meets setbacks, and complies with current zoning. A non-rebuildable (再建築不可) property is much cheaper but carries severe finance, insurance, renovation, and resale limitations. Verify these facts in the important-matters explanation and with the relevant office rather than trusting the listing.\nKey points to carry away: Check the earthquake standard, structure, and maintenance history; Commission an independent inspection; a fresh finish can hide deferred work; Confirm legal compliance — rebuildability, road frontage, and setbacks; Assess hazard exposure and realistic resale liquidity. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/evaluating-used-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:evaluating-condominium:en","entityId":"guide:evaluating-condominium","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to evaluate a condominium","plainText":"A condominium is only as sound as its association: check the reserve balance and funding method, arrears, the long-term repair plan and meeting minutes, planned major work, insurance, and any litigation — a low monthly fee that underfunds the reserve is a future special assessment.\nReserve fund, management, arrears, minutes, major repairs, and litigation.\nCheck the reserve balance, funding method, and whether it uses a steep step-up schedule.\nReview arrears, association borrowing, and the long-term repair plan.\nRead the meeting minutes for disputes, planned work, and governance.\nA low monthly fee that underfunds the reserve is a future special assessment.\nYou are buying into an association\nWhen you buy a condominium you buy into its association’s finances and governance, so inspect them as carefully as the unit. Check the reserve (修繕積立金) balance per square meter and the current monthly reserve, the funding method (even or sharply escalating), the long-term (30-year-plus) repair plan and its update date, the estimated next major work and any funding gap, owner arrears, association borrowing, the management-fee trend, and the concentration of commercial or absentee ownership. MLIT specifically encourages moving from step-up reserve structures toward more even funding.\nMinutes, litigation, and planned work\nRead the meeting minutes: they reveal unresolved disputes, unpopular decisions, meeting attendance, and the true state of governance. Check insurance and earthquake coverage, and any unresolved litigation. Look at planned elevator, pipe, façade, and seismic work, because those are the large costs that will hit the reserve. A low current monthly fee should not score positively if it creates future special assessments — a well-funded association with a credible plan is worth more than a cheap fee that hides a shortfall.\nKey points to carry away: Check the reserve balance, funding method, and whether it uses a steep step-up schedule; Review arrears, association borrowing, and the long-term repair plan; Read the meeting minutes for disputes, planned work, and governance; A low monthly fee that underfunds the reserve is a future special assessment. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/evaluating-condominium","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-check","faq:loan-condo-fees","faq:loan-repair-reserve","faq:loan-special-assessment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:condo-repair-reserve","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:condominium-rules","guide:condo-financial-health"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A condominium is only as sound as its association: check the reserve balance and funding method, arrears, the long-term repair plan and meeting minutes, planned major work, insurance, and any litigation — a low monthly fee that underfunds the reserve is a future special assessment.\nReserve fund, management, arrears, minutes, major repairs, and litigation.\nCheck the reserve balance, funding method, and whether it uses a steep step-up schedule.\nReview arrears, association borrowing, and the long-term repair plan.\nRead the meeting minutes for disputes, planned work, and governance.\nA low monthly fee that underfunds the reserve is a future special assessment.\nYou are buying into an association\nWhen you buy a condominium you buy into its association’s finances and governance, so inspect them as carefully as the unit. Check the reserve (修繕積立金) balance per square meter and the current monthly reserve, the funding method (even or sharply escalating), the long-term (30-year-plus) repair plan and its update date, the estimated next major work and any funding gap, owner arrears, association borrowing, the management-fee trend, and the concentration of commercial or absentee ownership. MLIT specifically encourages moving from step-up reserve structures toward more even funding.\nMinutes, litigation, and planned work\nRead the meeting minutes: they reveal unresolved disputes, unpopular decisions, meeting attendance, and the true state of governance. Check insurance and earthquake coverage, and any unresolved litigation. Look at planned elevator, pipe, façade, and seismic work, because those are the large costs that will hit the reserve. A low current monthly fee should not score positively if it creates future special assessments — a well-funded association with a credible plan is worth more than a cheap fee that hides a shortfall.\nKey points to carry away: Check the reserve balance, funding method, and whether it uses a steep step-up schedule; Review arrears, association borrowing, and the long-term repair plan; Read the meeting minutes for disputes, planned work, and governance; A low monthly fee that underfunds the reserve is a future special assessment. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/evaluating-condominium","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:condo-repair-reserve:en","entityId":"guide:condo-repair-reserve","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Condominium repair reserves explained","plainText":"The repair reserve (修繕積立金) funds major capital works; a low current contribution under a steep step-up plan can leave a funding gap that becomes a special assessment — MLIT encourages more even funding over sharply escalating schedules.\nMonthly contributions, step-up plans, special assessments, and the funding gap.\nThe repair reserve saves for long-term capital works; the management fee does not.\nStep-up plans start cheap and rise sharply, risking a funding gap.\nA shortfall becomes a special assessment — an extra lump-sum owner payment.\nMLIT encourages moving toward more even funding.\nWhat the reserve funds\nThe repair reserve (修繕積立金) is money accumulated for major capital repairs — roof and façade, elevators, pipes, waterproofing, and seismic work. It is distinct from the management fee (管理費), which pays for ordinary operations and is not saved for the future. When you evaluate a building, look at the reserve balance per square meter and the monthly contribution: a well-funded reserve with a credible long-term plan means the big costs are being provided for, while a thin reserve means owners will have to find the money when the work comes due.\nStep-up plans and the funding gap\nMany buildings use a step-up funding plan that starts with a low contribution and raises it sharply over time. This makes the early monthly fee look attractive, but it can create a funding gap — if the plan is not followed or costs exceed estimates, the reserve falls short and owners face a special assessment (an extra lump-sum payment) when major work is needed. MLIT specifically encourages earlier movement from step-up structures toward more even funding. When comparing buildings, treat a very low current reserve fee as a warning, not a benefit.\nKey points to carry away: The repair reserve saves for long-term capital works; the management fee does not; Step-up plans start cheap and rise sharply, risking a funding gap; A shortfall becomes a special assessment — an extra lump-sum owner payment; MLIT encourages moving toward more even funding. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/condo-repair-reserve","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-repair-reserve","faq:loan-reserve-rise","faq:loan-special-assessment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:condo-financial-health"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"The repair reserve (修繕積立金) funds major capital works; a low current contribution under a steep step-up plan can leave a funding gap that becomes a special assessment — MLIT encourages more even funding over sharply escalating schedules.\nMonthly contributions, step-up plans, special assessments, and the funding gap.\nThe repair reserve saves for long-term capital works; the management fee does not.\nStep-up plans start cheap and rise sharply, risking a funding gap.\nA shortfall becomes a special assessment — an extra lump-sum owner payment.\nMLIT encourages moving toward more even funding.\nWhat the reserve funds\nThe repair reserve (修繕積立金) is money accumulated for major capital repairs — roof and façade, elevators, pipes, waterproofing, and seismic work. It is distinct from the management fee (管理費), which pays for ordinary operations and is not saved for the future. When you evaluate a building, look at the reserve balance per square meter and the monthly contribution: a well-funded reserve with a credible long-term plan means the big costs are being provided for, while a thin reserve means owners will have to find the money when the work comes due.\nStep-up plans and the funding gap\nMany buildings use a step-up funding plan that starts with a low contribution and raises it sharply over time. This makes the early monthly fee look attractive, but it can create a funding gap — if the plan is not followed or costs exceed estimates, the reserve falls short and owners face a special assessment (an extra lump-sum payment) when major work is needed. MLIT specifically encourages earlier movement from step-up structures toward more even funding. When comparing buildings, treat a very low current reserve fee as a warning, not a benefit.\nKey points to carry away: The repair reserve saves for long-term capital works; the management fee does not; Step-up plans start cheap and rise sharply, risking a funding gap; A shortfall becomes a special assessment — an extra lump-sum owner payment; MLIT encourages moving toward more even funding. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/condo-repair-reserve","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:earthquake-standards:en","entityId":"guide:earthquake-standards","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Understanding Japanese earthquake standards","plainText":"The major code transition is commonly associated with permits from June 1, 1981 (\"new seismic standard\"), but that is a reference regime, not a building-specific guarantee — structure, retrofit, foundation, soil, irregularity, maintenance, and documentation all still matter.\nThe 1981 transition, documentation, retrofits, and soil and structure.\nThe \"new seismic standard\" is commonly associated with permits from June 1, 1981.\nIt is a reference regime, not a building-specific guarantee.\nStructure, retrofit history, foundation, soil, and maintenance still matter.\nDo not automatically avoid all pre-1981 buildings — inspect the specifics.\nThe 1981 transition\nEarthquake compliance requires more than asking whether a building is \"new seismic.\" The major code transition is commonly associated with permits from June 1, 1981, and buildings permitted after that date generally reflect the newer standard. But this is a reference regime, not a guarantee for any specific building: the actual seismic performance depends on the structure, any retrofit history, the foundation, the soil, structural irregularity, maintenance, and the available documentation. A post-1981 building that was poorly maintained can be worse than a well-retrofitted older one.\nInspect the specifics\nDo not automatically avoid all pre-1981 buildings; instead inspect retrofit, structure, soil, maintenance, and documentation. For a condominium, review structural reports, retrofit history, the long-term repair plan, meeting minutes, reserve balance, and any planned seismic work. For a house, consider the foundation and soil and commission an inspection. The date is a starting screen, not a verdict — the goal is to understand how this particular building would actually perform and whether any needed retrofit is planned and funded.\nKey points to carry away: The \"new seismic standard\" is commonly associated with permits from June 1, 1981; It is a reference regime, not a building-specific guarantee; Structure, retrofit history, foundation, soil, and maintenance still matter; Do not automatically avoid all pre-1981 buildings — inspect the specifics. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/earthquake-standards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-new-seismic","faq:loan-avoid-pre-1981"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance","guide:hazard-maps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"The major code transition is commonly associated with permits from June 1, 1981 (\"new seismic standard\"), but that is a reference regime, not a building-specific guarantee — structure, retrofit, foundation, soil, irregularity, maintenance, and documentation all still matter.\nThe 1981 transition, documentation, retrofits, and soil and structure.\nThe \"new seismic standard\" is commonly associated with permits from June 1, 1981.\nIt is a reference regime, not a building-specific guarantee.\nStructure, retrofit history, foundation, soil, and maintenance still matter.\nDo not automatically avoid all pre-1981 buildings — inspect the specifics.\nThe 1981 transition\nEarthquake compliance requires more than asking whether a building is \"new seismic.\" The major code transition is commonly associated with permits from June 1, 1981, and buildings permitted after that date generally reflect the newer standard. But this is a reference regime, not a guarantee for any specific building: the actual seismic performance depends on the structure, any retrofit history, the foundation, the soil, structural irregularity, maintenance, and the available documentation. A post-1981 building that was poorly maintained can be worse than a well-retrofitted older one.\nInspect the specifics\nDo not automatically avoid all pre-1981 buildings; instead inspect retrofit, structure, soil, maintenance, and documentation. For a condominium, review structural reports, retrofit history, the long-term repair plan, meeting minutes, reserve balance, and any planned seismic work. For a house, consider the foundation and soil and commission an inspection. The date is a starting screen, not a verdict — the goal is to understand how this particular building would actually perform and whether any needed retrofit is planned and funded.\nKey points to carry away: The \"new seismic standard\" is commonly associated with permits from June 1, 1981; It is a reference regime, not a building-specific guarantee; Structure, retrofit history, foundation, soil, and maintenance still matter; Do not automatically avoid all pre-1981 buildings — inspect the specifics. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/earthquake-standards","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:hazard-maps:en","entityId":"guide:hazard-maps","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to use Japanese hazard maps","plainText":"Official hazard maps show modeled flood, inland-flood, landslide, tsunami, storm-surge, liquefaction, and active-fault exposure — use them, but they describe scenarios and do not prove an uncolored site is risk-free, so combine them with local maps and site observation.\nFlood, inland flooding, tsunami, liquefaction, landslide, and their limitations.\nCheck flood, inland-flood, landslide, tsunami, storm-surge, and liquefaction exposure.\nHazard maps describe modeled scenarios, not guarantees.\nBeing outside a colored zone does not prove the site is safe.\nCombine official maps with local maps and on-site observation.\nWhat hazard maps show\nDisaster screening should include official flood, inland-flood, landslide, tsunami, storm-surge, liquefaction, active-fault, and evacuation information. Japan’s hazard-map portals and MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library make this data accessible for a specific address, so you can see modeled exposure before you commit. Check every relevant hazard for the site, not just the most obvious one — a property away from a river can still face inland flooding, liquefaction, or landslide risk depending on the terrain.\nTheir limitations\nHazard maps describe modeled scenarios and do not prove that an uncolored site is risk-free — the models rest on assumptions, and real events can exceed them. Being outside a colored zone is reassuring but not a guarantee, so supplement the official maps with local maps and site observation: walk the site, note the slope and drainage, look at how water would flow in heavy rain, and ask neighbors about past flooding. Use the maps as one strong input into a broader judgment, not as the final word on safety.\nKey points to carry away: Check flood, inland-flood, landslide, tsunami, storm-surge, and liquefaction exposure; Hazard maps describe modeled scenarios, not guarantees; Being outside a colored zone does not prove the site is safe; Combine official maps with local maps and on-site observation. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/hazard-maps","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-hazard-map","faq:loan-outside-hazard-zone"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:choosing-property-area","guide:earthquake-standards","guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Official hazard maps show modeled flood, inland-flood, landslide, tsunami, storm-surge, liquefaction, and active-fault exposure — use them, but they describe scenarios and do not prove an uncolored site is risk-free, so combine them with local maps and site observation.\nFlood, inland flooding, tsunami, liquefaction, landslide, and their limitations.\nCheck flood, inland-flood, landslide, tsunami, storm-surge, and liquefaction exposure.\nHazard maps describe modeled scenarios, not guarantees.\nBeing outside a colored zone does not prove the site is safe.\nCombine official maps with local maps and on-site observation.\nWhat hazard maps show\nDisaster screening should include official flood, inland-flood, landslide, tsunami, storm-surge, liquefaction, active-fault, and evacuation information. Japan’s hazard-map portals and MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library make this data accessible for a specific address, so you can see modeled exposure before you commit. Check every relevant hazard for the site, not just the most obvious one — a property away from a river can still face inland flooding, liquefaction, or landslide risk depending on the terrain.\nTheir limitations\nHazard maps describe modeled scenarios and do not prove that an uncolored site is risk-free — the models rest on assumptions, and real events can exceed them. Being outside a colored zone is reassuring but not a guarantee, so supplement the official maps with local maps and site observation: walk the site, note the slope and drainage, look at how water would flow in heavy rain, and ask neighbors about past flooding. Use the maps as one strong input into a broader judgment, not as the final word on safety.\nKey points to carry away: Check flood, inland-flood, landslide, tsunami, storm-surge, and liquefaction exposure; Hazard maps describe modeled scenarios, not guarantees; Being outside a colored zone does not prove the site is safe; Combine official maps with local maps and on-site observation. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/hazard-maps","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-land-rights:en","entityId":"guide:property-land-rights","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Freehold and Japanese land rights","plainText":"Freehold (所有権) is perpetual ownership subject to law and tax, but even freehold requires diligence on boundaries, road access, easements, and title — a higher acquisition price buys ownership, not freedom from these checks.\nOwnership, boundaries, roads, easements, access, and title.\nFreehold is perpetual ownership subject to law and tax.\nConfirm boundaries, road frontage, easements, and access even for freehold.\nRoad frontage and setbacks affect rebuildability and value.\nVerify the title and registered rights before purchase.\nWhat freehold gives you\nFreehold (所有権) is ownership of the land without a fixed land-lease expiry, subject to law and tax — the conventional, financeable form that most buyers want. It carries a higher acquisition price than leasehold, but it is far easier to finance and resell. Freehold is the default because a lender and a future buyer both find it straightforward, and it does not carry the ground rent, consent, and renewal complications of a land lease.\nFreehold still needs diligence\nA higher price buys ownership, not freedom from checks. Even for freehold, confirm the boundaries (a boundary dispute or an unconfirmed survey can block a sale), the road frontage and setbacks (which affect whether you can rebuild and the value), any easements or rights of way over or under the land, and the registered title. These are exactly the issues the important-matters explanation should cover, and they are where a superficially simple purchase can hide a real problem. Verify them before you buy rather than after.\nKey points to carry away: Freehold is perpetual ownership subject to law and tax; Confirm boundaries, road frontage, easements, and access even for freehold; Road frontage and setbacks affect rebuildability and value; Verify the title and registered rights before purchase. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-land-rights","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-freehold"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:freehold-vs-leasehold","guide:leasehold-property","guide:non-rebuildable-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Freehold (所有権) is perpetual ownership subject to law and tax, but even freehold requires diligence on boundaries, road access, easements, and title — a higher acquisition price buys ownership, not freedom from these checks.\nOwnership, boundaries, roads, easements, access, and title.\nFreehold is perpetual ownership subject to law and tax.\nConfirm boundaries, road frontage, easements, and access even for freehold.\nRoad frontage and setbacks affect rebuildability and value.\nVerify the title and registered rights before purchase.\nWhat freehold gives you\nFreehold (所有権) is ownership of the land without a fixed land-lease expiry, subject to law and tax — the conventional, financeable form that most buyers want. It carries a higher acquisition price than leasehold, but it is far easier to finance and resell. Freehold is the default because a lender and a future buyer both find it straightforward, and it does not carry the ground rent, consent, and renewal complications of a land lease.\nFreehold still needs diligence\nA higher price buys ownership, not freedom from checks. Even for freehold, confirm the boundaries (a boundary dispute or an unconfirmed survey can block a sale), the road frontage and setbacks (which affect whether you can rebuild and the value), any easements or rights of way over or under the land, and the registered title. These are exactly the issues the important-matters explanation should cover, and they are where a superficially simple purchase can hide a real problem. Verify them before you buy rather than after.\nKey points to carry away: Freehold is perpetual ownership subject to law and tax; Confirm boundaries, road frontage, easements, and access even for freehold; Road frontage and setbacks affect rebuildability and value; Verify the title and registered rights before purchase. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/property-land-rights","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:leasehold-property:en","entityId":"guide:leasehold-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Leasehold property in Japan","plainText":"Leasehold (借地権) is a right to use land owned by another; it lowers the entry price but adds ground rent, consent for renewal/rebuild/transfer, and finance and resale constraints — old-law and fixed-term leaseholds behave very differently, so get specialist review.\nOld-law and fixed-term rights, ground rent, consent, finance, and resale.\nLeasehold is a right to use land owned by another person.\nYou pay ground rent and typically need consent to renew, rebuild, or transfer.\nOld-law leaseholds may carry strong protections but complex valuation.\nFixed-term leaseholds end after a defined term and lose value as it shortens.\nOld-law and fixed-term leaseholds\nLeasehold (借地権) can lower the entry price in some locations, but it is a right to use land someone else owns, so you pay ground rent and typically need the landowner’s consent to renew, rebuild, or transfer. There are very different types: old-law leaseholds may carry potentially strong tenant protections but complex valuation and landlord-consent issues, while fixed-term leaseholds (定期借地権) end after a defined term, and the declining remaining term can impair value and financing as the end approaches.\nFinance, resale, and specialist review\nThe practical risks of leasehold are in financing and resale. A lender may be reluctant to finance a leasehold, especially a fixed-term one with a short remaining term, and a future buyer will weigh the same issues you should — the ground rent, the consent terms, the remaining term, and financeability. Never buy a leasehold property without specialist review of these fine-print terms. The listing price advantage is real, but so are the constraints, and they are in the land-lease agreement rather than the headline number.\nKey points to carry away: Leasehold is a right to use land owned by another person; You pay ground rent and typically need consent to renew, rebuild, or transfer; Old-law leaseholds may carry strong protections but complex valuation; Fixed-term leaseholds end after a defined term and lose value as it shortens. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/leasehold-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-leasehold","faq:loan-leasehold-bad","faq:loan-fixed-term-leasehold"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:freehold-vs-leasehold","guide:property-land-rights","guide:non-rebuildable-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Leasehold (借地権) is a right to use land owned by another; it lowers the entry price but adds ground rent, consent for renewal/rebuild/transfer, and finance and resale constraints — old-law and fixed-term leaseholds behave very differently, so get specialist review.\nOld-law and fixed-term rights, ground rent, consent, finance, and resale.\nLeasehold is a right to use land owned by another person.\nYou pay ground rent and typically need consent to renew, rebuild, or transfer.\nOld-law leaseholds may carry strong protections but complex valuation.\nFixed-term leaseholds end after a defined term and lose value as it shortens.\nOld-law and fixed-term leaseholds\nLeasehold (借地権) can lower the entry price in some locations, but it is a right to use land someone else owns, so you pay ground rent and typically need the landowner’s consent to renew, rebuild, or transfer. There are very different types: old-law leaseholds may carry potentially strong tenant protections but complex valuation and landlord-consent issues, while fixed-term leaseholds (定期借地権) end after a defined term, and the declining remaining term can impair value and financing as the end approaches.\nFinance, resale, and specialist review\nThe practical risks of leasehold are in financing and resale. A lender may be reluctant to finance a leasehold, especially a fixed-term one with a short remaining term, and a future buyer will weigh the same issues you should — the ground rent, the consent terms, the remaining term, and financeability. Never buy a leasehold property without specialist review of these fine-print terms. The listing price advantage is real, but so are the constraints, and they are in the land-lease agreement rather than the headline number.\nKey points to carry away: Leasehold is a right to use land owned by another person; You pay ground rent and typically need consent to renew, rebuild, or transfer; Old-law leaseholds may carry strong protections but complex valuation; Fixed-term leaseholds end after a defined term and lose value as it shortens. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/leasehold-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:non-rebuildable-property:en","entityId":"guide:non-rebuildable-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Non-rebuildable property","plainText":"A non-rebuildable property (再建築不可) cannot ordinarily receive permission for a replacement building under current access or planning rules; it is cheap, but mainstream finance is difficult, LTV is low, and renovation, insurance, and resale are all constrained.\nRoad frontage, finance, insurance, renovation, resale, and demolition.\nIt cannot ordinarily be replaced under current road-frontage or planning rules.\nMainstream finance is difficult and LTV is often low.\nRenovation, insurance, and resale are all constrained.\nThe low price reflects severe, lasting limitations — get specialist review.\nWhat non-rebuildable means\nA non-rebuildable property (再建築不可) is one that cannot ordinarily receive permission for a replacement building under current access or planning rules — most often because it lacks adequate road frontage (the site does not meet the required width of frontage to a legal road). The existing building can usually be used and repaired, but if it is demolished or destroyed, you generally cannot build a new one. That single fact drives everything else about the property’s risk and value.\nSevere finance, insurance, and resale limits\nThe low price of a non-rebuildable property reflects severe, lasting limitations. Mainstream mortgage finance is difficult and LTV is often low, because a lender’s collateral cannot be rebuilt. Insurance and renovation are constrained, and resale is hard because a future buyer faces the same problems. Do not buy a non-rebuildable property without specialist review — occasionally there are ways to improve access or the site’s status, but they are complex and uncertain, and the default assumption should be that the limitations are permanent.\nKey points to carry away: It cannot ordinarily be replaced under current road-frontage or planning rules; Mainstream finance is difficult and LTV is often low; Renovation, insurance, and resale are all constrained; The low price reflects severe, lasting limitations — get specialist review. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/non-rebuildable-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-non-rebuildable","faq:loan-mortgage-non-rebuildable"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leasehold-property","guide:property-land-rights","guide:akiya-vacant-homes"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A non-rebuildable property (再建築不可) cannot ordinarily receive permission for a replacement building under current access or planning rules; it is cheap, but mainstream finance is difficult, LTV is low, and renovation, insurance, and resale are all constrained.\nRoad frontage, finance, insurance, renovation, resale, and demolition.\nIt cannot ordinarily be replaced under current road-frontage or planning rules.\nMainstream finance is difficult and LTV is often low.\nRenovation, insurance, and resale are all constrained.\nThe low price reflects severe, lasting limitations — get specialist review.\nWhat non-rebuildable means\nA non-rebuildable property (再建築不可) is one that cannot ordinarily receive permission for a replacement building under current access or planning rules — most often because it lacks adequate road frontage (the site does not meet the required width of frontage to a legal road). The existing building can usually be used and repaired, but if it is demolished or destroyed, you generally cannot build a new one. That single fact drives everything else about the property’s risk and value.\nSevere finance, insurance, and resale limits\nThe low price of a non-rebuildable property reflects severe, lasting limitations. Mainstream mortgage finance is difficult and LTV is often low, because a lender’s collateral cannot be rebuilt. Insurance and renovation are constrained, and resale is hard because a future buyer faces the same problems. Do not buy a non-rebuildable property without specialist review — occasionally there are ways to improve access or the site’s status, but they are complex and uncertain, and the default assumption should be that the limitations are permanent.\nKey points to carry away: It cannot ordinarily be replaced under current road-frontage or planning rules; Mainstream finance is difficult and LTV is often low; Renovation, insurance, and resale are all constrained; The low price reflects severe, lasting limitations — get specialist review. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/non-rebuildable-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:akiya-vacant-homes:en","entityId":"guide:akiya-vacant-homes","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Vacant homes and akiya","plainText":"Japan had around nine million vacant homes (a 13.8% vacancy rate) in the 2023 survey, but that is not nine million bargains — many sit in weak-demand locations with title, access, or structural issues, and renovation can exceed the price.\nTitle, utilities, access, defects, renovation, and local demand.\nAbout nine million vacant homes (13.8% vacancy) in the 2023 Housing and Land Survey.\nMany are in weak-demand locations with title, access, or structural issues.\nRenovation of an old vacant house can cost more than the purchase price.\nDo full title, access, structure, utilities, and demand diligence before buying.\nNine million homes, not nine million bargains\nJapan had approximately nine million vacant homes and a 13.8% vacancy rate in the 2023 Housing and Land Survey. That headline attracts bargain-hunters, but it does not mean nine million viable investment bargains: many vacant homes are in weak-demand locations, have title, access, or structural issues, or require uneconomic renovation. A cheap or free akiya (空き家) can become expensive once you account for what it takes to make it habitable and sellable.\nDiligence before buying an akiya\nBefore buying an empty house, do full diligence on the title (heirs and unclear ownership are common), access (road frontage and rebuildability), the structure, utilities (water, drainage, and septic can be costly), renovation scope, and local demand. Hidden structural, roof, plumbing, septic, and disposal work can exceed the price, and resale can be slow or impossible in a shrinking area. An akiya can be a genuine opportunity for the right buyer in the right location, but only after this diligence — not on the strength of a low price alone.\nKey points to carry away: About nine million vacant homes (13.8% vacancy) in the 2023 Housing and Land Survey; Many are in weak-demand locations with title, access, or structural issues; Renovation of an old vacant house can cost more than the purchase price; Do full title, access, structure, utilities, and demand diligence before buying. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/akiya-vacant-homes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-vacant-house","faq:loan-vacant-cheap-renovate","faq:loan-resale-difficult"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:non-rebuildable-property","guide:renovation-costs-financing","guide:property-resale-value"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Japan had around nine million vacant homes (a 13.8% vacancy rate) in the 2023 survey, but that is not nine million bargains — many sit in weak-demand locations with title, access, or structural issues, and renovation can exceed the price.\nTitle, utilities, access, defects, renovation, and local demand.\nAbout nine million vacant homes (13.8% vacancy) in the 2023 Housing and Land Survey.\nMany are in weak-demand locations with title, access, or structural issues.\nRenovation of an old vacant house can cost more than the purchase price.\nDo full title, access, structure, utilities, and demand diligence before buying.\nNine million homes, not nine million bargains\nJapan had approximately nine million vacant homes and a 13.8% vacancy rate in the 2023 Housing and Land Survey. That headline attracts bargain-hunters, but it does not mean nine million viable investment bargains: many vacant homes are in weak-demand locations, have title, access, or structural issues, or require uneconomic renovation. A cheap or free akiya (空き家) can become expensive once you account for what it takes to make it habitable and sellable.\nDiligence before buying an akiya\nBefore buying an empty house, do full diligence on the title (heirs and unclear ownership are common), access (road frontage and rebuildability), the structure, utilities (water, drainage, and septic can be costly), renovation scope, and local demand. Hidden structural, roof, plumbing, septic, and disposal work can exceed the price, and resale can be slow or impossible in a shrinking area. An akiya can be a genuine opportunity for the right buyer in the right location, but only after this diligence — not on the strength of a low price alone.\nKey points to carry away: About nine million vacant homes (13.8% vacancy) in the 2023 Housing and Land Survey; Many are in weak-demand locations with title, access, or structural issues; Renovation of an old vacant house can cost more than the purchase price; Do full title, access, structure, utilities, and demand diligence before buying. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/akiya-vacant-homes","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:stigmatized-property:en","entityId":"guide:stigmatized-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Stigmatized property","plainText":"A stigmatized property (心理的瑕疵物件) is associated with a material psychological event or circumstance; it may sell at a discount, but disclosure disputes, tenant and resale resistance, and reputational risk mean you should verify the facts and disclosure rules carefully.\nDisclosure, valuation, rentals, resale, and verification.\nAssociated with a material psychological event or circumstance.\nMay sell at a discount, but carries disclosure and resale risk.\nDisclosure depends on facts, timing, transaction, and legal guidance.\nVerify the facts and the disclosure obligations before buying.\nWhat a stigmatized property is\nA stigmatized property (心理的瑕疵物件) is one associated with a material psychological event or circumstance affecting transactions — the kind of history that can make tenants or buyers hesitate regardless of the physical condition. Such a property may carry a price discount, which attracts some buyers and investors, but the discount exists precisely because the stigma affects demand, rentability, and resale.\nDisclosure and verification\nDisclosure obligations depend on the facts, the timing, the type of transaction, and legal guidance, and not every past event must be disclosed forever — the rules are nuanced. That nuance is exactly why you should verify the facts and the applicable disclosure obligations carefully, ideally with professional advice, rather than relying on an agent’s summary. Weigh the discount against disclosure disputes, tenant and resale resistance, and reputational risk, and remember that what discounts the price for you will also discount it for your future buyer.\nKey points to carry away: Associated with a material psychological event or circumstance; May sell at a discount, but carries disclosure and resale risk; Disclosure depends on facts, timing, transaction, and legal guidance; Verify the facts and the disclosure obligations before buying. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/stigmatized-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-stigmatized","faq:loan-disclose-forever"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-defects-warranties","guide:property-resale-value"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A stigmatized property (心理的瑕疵物件) is associated with a material psychological event or circumstance; it may sell at a discount, but disclosure disputes, tenant and resale resistance, and reputational risk mean you should verify the facts and disclosure rules carefully.\nDisclosure, valuation, rentals, resale, and verification.\nAssociated with a material psychological event or circumstance.\nMay sell at a discount, but carries disclosure and resale risk.\nDisclosure depends on facts, timing, transaction, and legal guidance.\nVerify the facts and the disclosure obligations before buying.\nWhat a stigmatized property is\nA stigmatized property (心理的瑕疵物件) is one associated with a material psychological event or circumstance affecting transactions — the kind of history that can make tenants or buyers hesitate regardless of the physical condition. Such a property may carry a price discount, which attracts some buyers and investors, but the discount exists precisely because the stigma affects demand, rentability, and resale.\nDisclosure and verification\nDisclosure obligations depend on the facts, the timing, the type of transaction, and legal guidance, and not every past event must be disclosed forever — the rules are nuanced. That nuance is exactly why you should verify the facts and the applicable disclosure obligations carefully, ideally with professional advice, rather than relying on an agent’s summary. Weigh the discount against disclosure disputes, tenant and resale resistance, and reputational risk, and remember that what discounts the price for you will also discount it for your future buyer.\nKey points to carry away: Associated with a material psychological event or circumstance; May sell at a discount, but carries disclosure and resale risk; Disclosure depends on facts, timing, transaction, and legal guidance; Verify the facts and the disclosure obligations before buying. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/stigmatized-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-defects-warranties:en","entityId":"guide:property-defects-warranties","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property defects and warranties","plainText":"New and used homes carry different defect protections under contract and law; the treatment, notification periods, and remedies are set by the contract and applicable rules, so read the terms, inspect, and note the deadlines within which you must notify a defect.\nNew and used protections, contract terms, inspections, and notification periods.\nNew and used homes have different defect protections.\nThe treatment and remedies are set by the contract and applicable rules.\nThere are notification periods within which you must report a qualifying defect.\nInspect before purchase; defect insurance covers specified qualifying defects.\nNew and used treatment\nDefect protections differ between new and used homes. New homes generally carry stronger statutory and contractual protections for specified structural elements, while used-home protections are more limited and depend heavily on the contract terms. In both cases, the treatment of defects (契約不適合責任, the seller’s liability for non-conformity) is set by the contract and applicable rules, so read exactly what is covered, for how long, and what remedy — repair, price reduction, or cancellation — applies.\nInspect and mind the deadlines\nInspect before purchase — an inspection reduces the risk of buying a defect you did not know about, though it does not guarantee no hidden defects. Defect insurance covers specified qualifying defects under defined conditions and can add protection. Crucially, there are notification periods within which you must report a qualifying defect to the seller; missing them can forfeit your remedy. Note these deadlines in your records after closing and act promptly if a problem appears, because the protection is time-limited.\nKey points to carry away: New and used homes have different defect protections; The treatment and remedies are set by the contract and applicable rules; There are notification periods within which you must report a qualifying defect; Inspect before purchase; defect insurance covers specified qualifying defects. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-defects-warranties","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-defect-insurance","faq:loan-inspection-guarantee"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-inspections","guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:new-vs-used-property","guide:after-buying-home"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"New and used homes carry different defect protections under contract and law; the treatment, notification periods, and remedies are set by the contract and applicable rules, so read the terms, inspect, and note the deadlines within which you must notify a defect.\nNew and used protections, contract terms, inspections, and notification periods.\nNew and used homes have different defect protections.\nThe treatment and remedies are set by the contract and applicable rules.\nThere are notification periods within which you must report a qualifying defect.\nInspect before purchase; defect insurance covers specified qualifying defects.\nNew and used treatment\nDefect protections differ between new and used homes. New homes generally carry stronger statutory and contractual protections for specified structural elements, while used-home protections are more limited and depend heavily on the contract terms. In both cases, the treatment of defects (契約不適合責任, the seller’s liability for non-conformity) is set by the contract and applicable rules, so read exactly what is covered, for how long, and what remedy — repair, price reduction, or cancellation — applies.\nInspect and mind the deadlines\nInspect before purchase — an inspection reduces the risk of buying a defect you did not know about, though it does not guarantee no hidden defects. Defect insurance covers specified qualifying defects under defined conditions and can add protection. Crucially, there are notification periods within which you must report a qualifying defect to the seller; missing them can forfeit your remedy. Note these deadlines in your records after closing and act promptly if a problem appears, because the protection is time-limited.\nKey points to carry away: New and used homes have different defect protections; The treatment and remedies are set by the contract and applicable rules; There are notification periods within which you must report a qualifying defect; Inspect before purchase; defect insurance covers specified qualifying defects. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/property-defects-warranties","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-resale-value:en","entityId":"guide:property-resale-value","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property resale value in Japan","plainText":"Resale value depends on the land share, building age, station distance, liquidity, layout, management quality, and local demographics — many buildings depreciate in market practice, so estimate resale from transaction comparables and future buyer financeability, not from your purchase price.\nLand share, age, station, liquidity, layout, management, and demographics.\nLand share, station distance, and liquidity strongly affect resale.\nBuildings may depreciate heavily in market practice; land and location vary the outcome.\nManagement quality and demographics matter for a condominium’s resale.\nEstimate resale from transaction comparables and future financeability.\nWhat drives resale value\nResale value is driven by the land share, building age, station distance, liquidity, layout, management quality, and local demographics. In Japanese market practice, buildings may be heavily depreciated over time, but land, location, and building quality create varied outcomes — a prime-area property with a strong land component behaves very differently from an aging building in a shrinking area. Station distance strongly affects convenience, tenant demand, and resale depth in many markets, so proximity to transport is often decisive.\nEstimate from comparables, not your price\nDo not assume you can sell for what you paid. Estimate resale value from transaction comparables (MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library and REINS market data), the land share, the building condition and tenure, and — importantly — whether a future buyer will be able to finance it. A property that a lender will not finance, or one in a demographically declining area, takes longer to sell and may sell for less. For a condominium, strong association finances and management add resale value; a weak, underfunded building subtracts it.\nKey points to carry away: Land share, station distance, and liquidity strongly affect resale; Buildings may depreciate heavily in market practice; land and location vary the outcome; Management quality and demographics matter for a condominium’s resale; Estimate resale from transaction comparables and future financeability. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-resale-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-estimate-resale","faq:loan-homes-depreciate","faq:loan-station-distance","faq:loan-resale-difficult"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:tokyo-vs-regional-property","guide:selling-property-costs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_fr4_000043.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Resale value depends on the land share, building age, station distance, liquidity, layout, management quality, and local demographics — many buildings depreciate in market practice, so estimate resale from transaction comparables and future buyer financeability, not from your purchase price.\nLand share, age, station, liquidity, layout, management, and demographics.\nLand share, station distance, and liquidity strongly affect resale.\nBuildings may depreciate heavily in market practice; land and location vary the outcome.\nManagement quality and demographics matter for a condominium’s resale.\nEstimate resale from transaction comparables and future financeability.\nWhat drives resale value\nResale value is driven by the land share, building age, station distance, liquidity, layout, management quality, and local demographics. In Japanese market practice, buildings may be heavily depreciated over time, but land, location, and building quality create varied outcomes — a prime-area property with a strong land component behaves very differently from an aging building in a shrinking area. Station distance strongly affects convenience, tenant demand, and resale depth in many markets, so proximity to transport is often decisive.\nEstimate from comparables, not your price\nDo not assume you can sell for what you paid. Estimate resale value from transaction comparables (MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library and REINS market data), the land share, the building condition and tenure, and — importantly — whether a future buyer will be able to finance it. A property that a lender will not finance, or one in a demographically declining area, takes longer to sell and may sell for less. For a condominium, strong association finances and management add resale value; a weak, underfunded building subtracts it.\nKey points to carry away: Land share, station distance, and liquidity strongly affect resale; Buildings may depreciate heavily in market practice; land and location vary the outcome; Management quality and demographics matter for a condominium’s resale; Estimate resale from transaction comparables and future financeability. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/property-resale-value","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home:en","entityId":"guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can you rent out a mortgaged home?","plainText":"Only with lender consent and compliance with the loan, tax, insurance, and building rules — converting an owner-occupier mortgage to a rental without authorization can breach the loan, and rental income is taxable.\nLender consent, temporary transfers, investment conversion, insurance, and taxes.\nRenting out a mortgaged home needs lender consent.\nUnauthorized conversion to a rental can breach the loan, insurance, and building rules.\nA temporary transfer (e.g. a work posting) may be treated differently from a permanent move.\nRental income is taxable and fire insurance may need to change.\nLender consent is required\nYou can rent out a mortgaged home only with lender consent and compliance with the loan, tax, insurance, and building rules. An owner-occupier mortgage is priced and underwritten on the basis that you live there, so moving out and renting long-term without authorization may breach the loan agreement, the fire-insurance terms, and possibly condominium bylaws or zoning. A temporary transfer — for example a fixed-term work posting — may be treated differently from a permanent move, and some lenders have procedures for this, but you must ask rather than assume.\nInsurance, tax, and conversion\nRenting changes more than the loan. Fire insurance for an owner-occupied home may not cover a rental, so the policy may need to change. Rental income is taxable and must generally be reported, with allowable expenses, depreciation, and interest treated under the real-estate-income rules — principal is not a deductible expense. If the plan is to convert permanently to an investment property, that is properly financed with an investment-property loan, not an owner-occupier mortgage. Notify the lender, insurer, tax authorities, and building manager rather than quietly renting out.\nKey points to carry away: Renting out a mortgaged home needs lender consent; Unauthorized conversion to a rental can breach the loan, insurance, and building rules; A temporary transfer (e.g. a work posting) may be treated differently from a permanent move; Rental income is taxable and fire insurance may need to change. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/renting-out-mortgaged-home","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-rent-out-mortgaged","faq:loan-move-overseas","faq:loan-leave-vacant"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:investment-property-loans","guide:minpaku-homeowners","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:rental-property-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Only with lender consent and compliance with the loan, tax, insurance, and building rules — converting an owner-occupier mortgage to a rental without authorization can breach the loan, and rental income is taxable.\nLender consent, temporary transfers, investment conversion, insurance, and taxes.\nRenting out a mortgaged home needs lender consent.\nUnauthorized conversion to a rental can breach the loan, insurance, and building rules.\nA temporary transfer (e.g. a work posting) may be treated differently from a permanent move.\nRental income is taxable and fire insurance may need to change.\nLender consent is required\nYou can rent out a mortgaged home only with lender consent and compliance with the loan, tax, insurance, and building rules. An owner-occupier mortgage is priced and underwritten on the basis that you live there, so moving out and renting long-term without authorization may breach the loan agreement, the fire-insurance terms, and possibly condominium bylaws or zoning. A temporary transfer — for example a fixed-term work posting — may be treated differently from a permanent move, and some lenders have procedures for this, but you must ask rather than assume.\nInsurance, tax, and conversion\nRenting changes more than the loan. Fire insurance for an owner-occupied home may not cover a rental, so the policy may need to change. Rental income is taxable and must generally be reported, with allowable expenses, depreciation, and interest treated under the real-estate-income rules — principal is not a deductible expense. If the plan is to convert permanently to an investment property, that is properly financed with an investment-property loan, not an owner-occupier mortgage. Notify the lender, insurer, tax authorities, and building manager rather than quietly renting out.\nKey points to carry away: Renting out a mortgaged home needs lender consent; Unauthorized conversion to a rental can breach the loan, insurance, and building rules; A temporary transfer (e.g. a work posting) may be treated differently from a permanent move; Rental income is taxable and fire insurance may need to change. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/renting-out-mortgaged-home","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:minpaku-homeowners:en","entityId":"guide:minpaku-homeowners","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Airbnb and minpaku rules for homeowners","plainText":"Short-term rental (minpaku) is generally limited to 180 days per year nationally, municipalities can restrict it further, and condominium bylaws may prohibit it entirely — plus your mortgage, insurer, and zoning must all permit it.\nMortgage restrictions, condo bylaws, zoning, insurance, and registration.\nThe national private-lodging framework generally limits qualifying lodging to 180 days per year.\nMunicipalities can impose further restrictions.\nCondominium bylaws may prohibit minpaku even where law permits it.\nYour mortgage, insurance, and zoning must all allow it.\nThe layers of permission\nRunning minpaku (民泊) from your home requires several layers of permission to align. Under the national private-lodging framework, qualifying residential lodging is generally limited to 180 days per year, while municipalities can impose further restrictions through ordinances. On top of that, condominium bylaws may prohibit minpaku entirely even where national and local law permit it, and your mortgage terms, fire insurance, and the property’s zoning must all allow the use. If any one layer says no, you cannot lawfully operate.\nComply before you list\nThe 180-day national ceiling does not override municipal or condominium restrictions, so do not assume you can always run 180 days. Before listing a property, confirm the national registration requirement, the municipal ordinance, the condominium bylaws, your lender’s and insurer’s permission, and the zoning. Operating minpaku in breach of these can lead to penalties, a loan breach, insurance problems, and disputes with the building. Treat compliance as the first step, not an afterthought, and keep the registration and permissions on file.\nKey points to carry away: The national private-lodging framework generally limits qualifying lodging to 180 days per year; Municipalities can impose further restrictions; Condominium bylaws may prohibit minpaku even where law permits it; Your mortgage, insurance, and zoning must all allow it. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/minpaku-homeowners","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-airbnb-condo","faq:loan-180-days"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home","guide:condominium-rules","guide:property-investment-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Short-term rental (minpaku) is generally limited to 180 days per year nationally, municipalities can restrict it further, and condominium bylaws may prohibit it entirely — plus your mortgage, insurer, and zoning must all permit it.\nMortgage restrictions, condo bylaws, zoning, insurance, and registration.\nThe national private-lodging framework generally limits qualifying lodging to 180 days per year.\nMunicipalities can impose further restrictions.\nCondominium bylaws may prohibit minpaku even where law permits it.\nYour mortgage, insurance, and zoning must all allow it.\nThe layers of permission\nRunning minpaku (民泊) from your home requires several layers of permission to align. Under the national private-lodging framework, qualifying residential lodging is generally limited to 180 days per year, while municipalities can impose further restrictions through ordinances. On top of that, condominium bylaws may prohibit minpaku entirely even where national and local law permit it, and your mortgage terms, fire insurance, and the property’s zoning must all allow the use. If any one layer says no, you cannot lawfully operate.\nComply before you list\nThe 180-day national ceiling does not override municipal or condominium restrictions, so do not assume you can always run 180 days. Before listing a property, confirm the national registration requirement, the municipal ordinance, the condominium bylaws, your lender’s and insurer’s permission, and the zoning. Operating minpaku in breach of these can lead to penalties, a loan breach, insurance problems, and disputes with the building. Treat compliance as the first step, not an afterthought, and keep the registration and permissions on file.\nKey points to carry away: The national private-lodging framework generally limits qualifying lodging to 180 days per year; Municipalities can impose further restrictions; Condominium bylaws may prohibit minpaku even where law permits it; Your mortgage, insurance, and zoning must all allow it. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/minpaku-homeowners","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:condominium-rules:en","entityId":"guide:condominium-rules","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Condominium association rules","plainText":"Condominium bylaws govern pets, interior renovations, rentals, business and minpaku use, parking, and voting — you cannot freely alter common elements like windows, and the rules can restrict how you use and profit from your unit.\nPets, renovations, rentals, business use, minpaku, parking, and voting.\nBylaws govern pets, renovations, rentals, business use, minpaku, parking, and voting.\nCommon elements such as windows often cannot be altered freely.\nRules can restrict renting, business use, and minpaku.\nReview the bylaws before buying, not after.\nWhat the bylaws govern\nCondominium bylaws (管理規約) shape daily life and your rights as an owner. They govern pets, renovations, rentals, business use, minpaku, parking, and voting, among other things. Importantly, you cannot renovate any condominium interior freely: structural and common-element rules apply, and elements like windows are often common elements with restricted alteration, so you may not be able to replace them yourself. Pets are allowed only if the building rules permit them and within specified limits.\nReview the bylaws before buying\nThe bylaws can restrict how you use and profit from your unit — renting it out, running a business from it, or operating minpaku may all be limited or prohibited, and these restrictions bind you regardless of what national or local law allows. Review the bylaws and recent meeting minutes before buying, so you know the pet policy, renovation constraints, rental and business rules, minpaku stance, and how decisions are made. A rule you discover after purchase can defeat your entire plan for the property.\nKey points to carry away: Bylaws govern pets, renovations, rentals, business use, minpaku, parking, and voting; Common elements such as windows often cannot be altered freely; Rules can restrict renting, business use, and minpaku; Review the bylaws before buying, not after. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/condominium-rules","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-renovate-condo","faq:loan-replace-windows","faq:loan-pets","faq:loan-airbnb-condo"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:minpaku-homeowners","guide:condominium-management-fees"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Condominium bylaws govern pets, interior renovations, rentals, business and minpaku use, parking, and voting — you cannot freely alter common elements like windows, and the rules can restrict how you use and profit from your unit.\nPets, renovations, rentals, business use, minpaku, parking, and voting.\nBylaws govern pets, renovations, rentals, business use, minpaku, parking, and voting.\nCommon elements such as windows often cannot be altered freely.\nRules can restrict renting, business use, and minpaku.\nReview the bylaws before buying, not after.\nWhat the bylaws govern\nCondominium bylaws (管理規約) shape daily life and your rights as an owner. They govern pets, renovations, rentals, business use, minpaku, parking, and voting, among other things. Importantly, you cannot renovate any condominium interior freely: structural and common-element rules apply, and elements like windows are often common elements with restricted alteration, so you may not be able to replace them yourself. Pets are allowed only if the building rules permit them and within specified limits.\nReview the bylaws before buying\nThe bylaws can restrict how you use and profit from your unit — renting it out, running a business from it, or operating minpaku may all be limited or prohibited, and these restrictions bind you regardless of what national or local law allows. Review the bylaws and recent meeting minutes before buying, so you know the pet policy, renovation constraints, rental and business rules, minpaku stance, and how decisions are made. A rule you discover after purchase can defeat your entire plan for the property.\nKey points to carry away: Bylaws govern pets, renovations, rentals, business use, minpaku, parking, and voting; Common elements such as windows often cannot be altered freely; Rules can restrict renting, business use, and minpaku; Review the bylaws before buying, not after. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/condominium-rules","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property:en","entityId":"guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How much cash do you need to buy property?","plainText":"You need far more than the down payment: budget the down payment plus roughly 6–10% of the price in closing costs, an emergency and repair reserve, and moving and immediate work — a ¥60 million used condo can need ¥11.8–15.8 million in cash.\nDown payment plus fees, reserves, moving, and repairs — the real cash target.\nYou need the down payment plus roughly 6–10% of the price in closing costs.\nAdd an emergency and repair reserve of at least ¥1.5–3 million.\nInclude moving, immediate work, and prorated taxes and insurance.\nA ¥60 million used condo can need ¥11.8–15.8 million in cash; a ¥50 million new condo ¥8.8–13.0 million.\nThe real cash target\nBuying requires substantially more cash than the down payment. On top of it, budget brokerage, loan fees, registration, taxes, insurance, deposits, repairs, moving, and reserves — which together commonly add several million yen. A useful rule is the down payment plus roughly 6–10% of the price in closing costs, plus an emergency and repair reserve. Do not use all your savings for the down payment; you need liquidity for the fees, the first repairs, and life.\nTwo worked examples\nExample A — a ¥60 million used condominium with 10% down: ¥6 million down, plus a maximum-style brokerage estimate of about ¥2.046 million, a 2.20% mortgage fee of ¥1.188 million, ¥0.5–0.9 million registration and judicial-scrivener costs, ¥80,000–200,000 inspection and appraisal, ¥200,000–500,000 stamp/insurance/prorations, up to ¥500,000+ acquisition tax after relief, ¥300,000–1.5 million moving and immediate work, and a ¥1.5–3 million reserve — a practical cash target of about ¥11.8–15.8 million.\nExample B — a ¥50 million new developer-sold condominium with no buyer brokerage: ¥5 million down (10%), a 2.20% fee on ¥45 million of ¥990,000, ¥0.4–0.8 million registration and scrivener, ¥150,000–400,000 initial management/repair payments and prorations, ¥250,000–800,000 insurance/stamp/moving, ¥500,000–2 million options and furnishings, and a ¥1.5–3 million reserve — a practical cash target of about ¥8.8–13.0 million. These are planning estimates; assessed values, relief, and fee models can change them.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/cash-needed-to-buy-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-fees-outside-price","faq:loan-all-savings-down"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-closing-costs","guide:property-purchase-cost","guide:down-payment-comparison","guide:property-budget"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shitsumon/fudosan/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"You need far more than the down payment: budget the down payment plus roughly 6–10% of the price in closing costs, an emergency and repair reserve, and moving and immediate work — a ¥60 million used condo can need ¥11.8–15.8 million in cash.\nDown payment plus fees, reserves, moving, and repairs — the real cash target.\nYou need the down payment plus roughly 6–10% of the price in closing costs.\nAdd an emergency and repair reserve of at least ¥1.5–3 million.\nInclude moving, immediate work, and prorated taxes and insurance.\nA ¥60 million used condo can need ¥11.8–15.8 million in cash; a ¥50 million new condo ¥8.8–13.0 million.\nThe real cash target\nBuying requires substantially more cash than the down payment. On top of it, budget brokerage, loan fees, registration, taxes, insurance, deposits, repairs, moving, and reserves — which together commonly add several million yen. A useful rule is the down payment plus roughly 6–10% of the price in closing costs, plus an emergency and repair reserve. Do not use all your savings for the down payment; you need liquidity for the fees, the first repairs, and life.\nTwo worked examples\nExample A — a ¥60 million used condominium with 10% down: ¥6 million down, plus a maximum-style brokerage estimate of about ¥2.046 million, a 2.20% mortgage fee of ¥1.188 million, ¥0.5–0.9 million registration and judicial-scrivener costs, ¥80,000–200,000 inspection and appraisal, ¥200,000–500,000 stamp/insurance/prorations, up to ¥500,000+ acquisition tax after relief, ¥300,000–1.5 million moving and immediate work, and a ¥1.5–3 million reserve — a practical cash target of about ¥11.8–15.8 million.\nExample B — a ¥50 million new developer-sold condominium with no buyer brokerage: ¥5 million down (10%), a 2.20% fee on ¥45 million of ¥990,000, ¥0.4–0.8 million registration and scrivener, ¥150,000–400,000 initial management/repair payments and prorations, ¥250,000–800,000 insurance/stamp/moving, ¥500,000–2 million options and furnishings, and a ¥1.5–3 million reserve — a practical cash target of about ¥8.8–13.0 million. These are planning estimates; assessed values, relief, and fee models can change them.","url":"/en/loans/cash-needed-to-buy-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-closing-costs:en","entityId":"guide:property-closing-costs","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property closing costs in Japan","plainText":"Closing costs commonly run about 6–10% of the price: brokerage, mortgage origination and guarantee fees, registration and license tax, judicial-scrivener fees, stamp duty, acquisition tax, insurance, and prorations — with new developer purchases often skipping buyer brokerage.\nA full transaction-cost inventory, and how new and used purchases differ.\nClosing costs commonly total about 6–10% of the price.\nBrokerage, mortgage fees, registration, and taxes are the big items.\nNew developer purchases bought directly often carry no buyer brokerage.\nSome costs (acquisition tax) arrive after closing, not at it.\nThe transaction-cost inventory\nClosing costs (諸費用) commonly run about 6–10% of the price and include: the down payment and earnest money (part of the price); brokerage fee (subject to a statutory maximum); mortgage origination fee (frequently 2.20%) and any guarantee fee; appraisal and inspection; stamp duty on the contract; registration and license tax at closing; judicial-scrivener fees; fire and earthquake insurance; and prorated taxes and fees. Some costs come later — real-estate acquisition tax is assessed after acquisition — so plan for both closing cash and later tax cash.\nHow new and used differ\nNew and used purchases differ in the cost mix. A used home bought through a broker carries a brokerage fee (up to the statutory maximum), while a new developer property bought directly from the seller often carries no buyer brokerage — confirm the transaction structure, because it materially changes the total. New homes may carry different initial management and repair-reserve payments and developer options; used homes may carry inspection and immediate-repair costs. Build the full inventory for the specific property rather than assuming a flat percentage, and separate closing cash from later tax cash.\nKey points to carry away: Closing costs commonly total about 6–10% of the price; Brokerage, mortgage fees, registration, and taxes are the big items; New developer purchases bought directly often carry no buyer brokerage; Some costs (acquisition tax) arrive after closing, not at it. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-closing-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fees-outside-price","faq:loan-developer-brokerage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees","guide:property-registration-costs","guide:property-purchase-cost"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shitsumon/fudosan/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7191.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Closing costs commonly run about 6–10% of the price: brokerage, mortgage origination and guarantee fees, registration and license tax, judicial-scrivener fees, stamp duty, acquisition tax, insurance, and prorations — with new developer purchases often skipping buyer brokerage.\nA full transaction-cost inventory, and how new and used purchases differ.\nClosing costs commonly total about 6–10% of the price.\nBrokerage, mortgage fees, registration, and taxes are the big items.\nNew developer purchases bought directly often carry no buyer brokerage.\nSome costs (acquisition tax) arrive after closing, not at it.\nThe transaction-cost inventory\nClosing costs (諸費用) commonly run about 6–10% of the price and include: the down payment and earnest money (part of the price); brokerage fee (subject to a statutory maximum); mortgage origination fee (frequently 2.20%) and any guarantee fee; appraisal and inspection; stamp duty on the contract; registration and license tax at closing; judicial-scrivener fees; fire and earthquake insurance; and prorated taxes and fees. Some costs come later — real-estate acquisition tax is assessed after acquisition — so plan for both closing cash and later tax cash.\nHow new and used differ\nNew and used purchases differ in the cost mix. A used home bought through a broker carries a brokerage fee (up to the statutory maximum), while a new developer property bought directly from the seller often carries no buyer brokerage — confirm the transaction structure, because it materially changes the total. New homes may carry different initial management and repair-reserve payments and developer options; used homes may carry inspection and immediate-repair costs. Build the full inventory for the specific property rather than assuming a flat percentage, and separate closing cash from later tax cash.\nKey points to carry away: Closing costs commonly total about 6–10% of the price; Brokerage, mortgage fees, registration, and taxes are the big items; New developer purchases bought directly often carry no buyer brokerage; Some costs (acquisition tax) arrive after closing, not at it. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/property-closing-costs","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees:en","entityId":"guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Real-estate brokerage fees","plainText":"Brokerage commission is subject to a statutory maximum that depends on the price and transaction; for conventional prices it is commonly the permitted simplified formula plus consumption tax, and a new developer property bought directly often carries no buyer brokerage.\nThe maximum fee structure, consumption tax, no-brokerage situations, and conflicts.\nCommission has a statutory maximum based on price and transaction.\nFor conventional prices it is commonly the simplified formula plus consumption tax.\nA new developer property bought directly often has no buyer brokerage.\nAsk who the broker represents — the listing broker may depend on the seller.\nThe maximum fee structure\nBrokerage commission (仲介手数料) is compensation paid to a licensed broker, subject to a statutory maximum that depends on the price and the transaction. For conventional prices it is commonly calculated using the permitted simplified formula — a percentage of the price within brackets — plus consumption tax. The maximum is a ceiling, not a fixed price, so it can in principle be negotiated, though practice varies. Ask for the calculation in writing so you can check it against the statutory maximum.\nNo-brokerage situations and conflicts\nNew developer properties bought directly from the seller often carry no buyer brokerage, so confirm the transaction structure before assuming a fee. Watch for conflicts: the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller, and dual agency or direct dealing can misalign incentives. Ask who the broker represents and whether they are acting for both sides. Verify the license before paying anything, and remember that a broker introducing you to a bank does not prove the loan is affordable — that is your judgment.\nKey points to carry away: Commission has a statutory maximum based on price and transaction; For conventional prices it is commonly the simplified formula plus consumption tax; A new developer property bought directly often has no buyer brokerage; Ask who the broker represents — the listing broker may depend on the seller. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/real-estate-brokerage-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-brokerage-commission","faq:loan-developer-brokerage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:real-estate-agents-japan","guide:property-closing-costs","guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Brokerage commission is subject to a statutory maximum that depends on the price and transaction; for conventional prices it is commonly the permitted simplified formula plus consumption tax, and a new developer property bought directly often carries no buyer brokerage.\nThe maximum fee structure, consumption tax, no-brokerage situations, and conflicts.\nCommission has a statutory maximum based on price and transaction.\nFor conventional prices it is commonly the simplified formula plus consumption tax.\nA new developer property bought directly often has no buyer brokerage.\nAsk who the broker represents — the listing broker may depend on the seller.\nThe maximum fee structure\nBrokerage commission (仲介手数料) is compensation paid to a licensed broker, subject to a statutory maximum that depends on the price and the transaction. For conventional prices it is commonly calculated using the permitted simplified formula — a percentage of the price within brackets — plus consumption tax. The maximum is a ceiling, not a fixed price, so it can in principle be negotiated, though practice varies. Ask for the calculation in writing so you can check it against the statutory maximum.\nNo-brokerage situations and conflicts\nNew developer properties bought directly from the seller often carry no buyer brokerage, so confirm the transaction structure before assuming a fee. Watch for conflicts: the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller, and dual agency or direct dealing can misalign incentives. Ask who the broker represents and whether they are acting for both sides. Verify the license before paying anything, and remember that a broker introducing you to a bank does not prove the loan is affordable — that is your judgment.\nKey points to carry away: Commission has a statutory maximum based on price and transaction; For conventional prices it is commonly the simplified formula plus consumption tax; A new developer property bought directly often has no buyer brokerage; Ask who the broker represents — the listing broker may depend on the seller. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/real-estate-brokerage-fees","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-fees:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage origination and guarantee fees","plainText":"Mortgage fees follow two models: a percentage origination fee (frequently 2.20% — ¥1.10 million on ¥50 million) with no guarantee fee, or a guarantee-company model charged upfront, rate-loaded, or waived for a higher origination fee — compare the total over your holding period.\nThe 2.20% model, the guarantee-company model, rate-loaded fees, and holding period.\nThe percentage model charges a 2.20% origination fee and often no guarantee fee.\nThe guarantee-company model may charge upfront, load the rate, or be absent.\n\"No guarantee fee\" can mean a higher percentage fee or a rate-loaded cost.\nA short holding period changes which model is cheaper.\nThe two fee models\nJapanese mortgages generally use one of two fee models. The percentage model charges an origination fee — frequently 2.20% of principal, which is ¥1.10 million on a ¥50 million loan — and often has no separate guarantee fee. The guarantee-company model involves a guarantee company that screens you and can be charged upfront (a lump sum), loaded into the rate (a slightly higher rate), or waived in exchange for a higher origination fee. Because each model can hide cost elsewhere, compare the total of fees plus interest, not just the label.\nThe holding period changes the answer\nThe holding period matters. A large upfront fee (like a 2.20% origination fee) is spread over the years you hold the loan, so for a long hold it can be worth a slightly lower rate, while for a short hold — if you sell or refinance in a few years — a low-fee, slightly-higher-rate product can be cheaper because you never recoup the big fee. Calculate the internal cost over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, and check any early-repayment charge, which matters most for a short holding period.\nKey points to carry away: The percentage model charges a 2.20% origination fee and often no guarantee fee; The guarantee-company model may charge upfront, load the rate, or be absent; \"No guarantee fee\" can mean a higher percentage fee or a rate-loaded cost; A short holding period changes which model is cheaper. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-total-cost","faq:loan-what-guarantee-company"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-fees-comparison","guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","guide:collateral-guarantee-companies"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Mortgage fees follow two models: a percentage origination fee (frequently 2.20% — ¥1.10 million on ¥50 million) with no guarantee fee, or a guarantee-company model charged upfront, rate-loaded, or waived for a higher origination fee — compare the total over your holding period.\nThe 2.20% model, the guarantee-company model, rate-loaded fees, and holding period.\nThe percentage model charges a 2.20% origination fee and often no guarantee fee.\nThe guarantee-company model may charge upfront, load the rate, or be absent.\n\"No guarantee fee\" can mean a higher percentage fee or a rate-loaded cost.\nA short holding period changes which model is cheaper.\nThe two fee models\nJapanese mortgages generally use one of two fee models. The percentage model charges an origination fee — frequently 2.20% of principal, which is ¥1.10 million on a ¥50 million loan — and often has no separate guarantee fee. The guarantee-company model involves a guarantee company that screens you and can be charged upfront (a lump sum), loaded into the rate (a slightly higher rate), or waived in exchange for a higher origination fee. Because each model can hide cost elsewhere, compare the total of fees plus interest, not just the label.\nThe holding period changes the answer\nThe holding period matters. A large upfront fee (like a 2.20% origination fee) is spread over the years you hold the loan, so for a long hold it can be worth a slightly lower rate, while for a short hold — if you sell or refinance in a few years — a low-fee, slightly-higher-rate product can be cheaper because you never recoup the big fee. Calculate the internal cost over the years you actually expect to hold the loan, and check any early-repayment charge, which matters most for a short holding period.\nKey points to carry away: The percentage model charges a 2.20% origination fee and often no guarantee fee; The guarantee-company model may charge upfront, load the rate, or be absent; \"No guarantee fee\" can mean a higher percentage fee or a rate-loaded cost; A short holding period changes which model is cheaper. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-fees","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-registration-costs:en","entityId":"guide:property-registration-costs","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property registration costs","plainText":"Registration and license tax (登録免許税) is charged on the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations, based on the assessed value or secured amount and any applicable relief, plus the judicial scrivener’s professional fee and disbursements.\nOwnership transfer, mortgage registration, assessed values, and relief.\nRegistration and license tax applies to ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations.\nIt is based on the assessed value or secured amount and any relief.\nThe judicial scrivener charges a professional fee plus tax and disbursements.\nResidential relief measures can reduce the tax for qualifying homes.\nRegistration and license tax\nRegistration and license tax (登録免許税) is a tax imposed on specified registrations — chiefly the ownership-transfer registration when you buy and the mortgage registration when you borrow. It is based on the assessed value of the property or the secured amount of the loan, with rates set by law and residential relief measures that can reduce the tax for qualifying homes. Because it is based on assessed value rather than the price you paid, the amount can differ from a simple percentage of the purchase price.\nThe judicial scrivener’s fee\nThe registrations are filed by a judicial scrivener (司法書士), who charges a professional fee on top of the tax and disbursements. The lender or broker may nominate a scrivener; you can ask whether the selection is mandatory. Budget both the registration and license tax and the scrivener’s fee as part of your closing costs, and ask for an estimate in advance so the figure does not surprise you at closing. Relief measures change periodically, so confirm the current rules for your property and occupancy.\nKey points to carry away: Registration and license tax applies to ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations; It is based on the assessed value or secured amount and any relief; The judicial scrivener charges a professional fee plus tax and disbursements; Residential relief measures can reduce the tax for qualifying homes. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-registration-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-registration-tax","faq:loan-judicial-scrivener"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:judicial-scrivener-property","guide:property-closing-costs","guide:property-closing-registration"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7191.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Registration and license tax (登録免許税) is charged on the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations, based on the assessed value or secured amount and any applicable relief, plus the judicial scrivener’s professional fee and disbursements.\nOwnership transfer, mortgage registration, assessed values, and relief.\nRegistration and license tax applies to ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations.\nIt is based on the assessed value or secured amount and any relief.\nThe judicial scrivener charges a professional fee plus tax and disbursements.\nResidential relief measures can reduce the tax for qualifying homes.\nRegistration and license tax\nRegistration and license tax (登録免許税) is a tax imposed on specified registrations — chiefly the ownership-transfer registration when you buy and the mortgage registration when you borrow. It is based on the assessed value of the property or the secured amount of the loan, with rates set by law and residential relief measures that can reduce the tax for qualifying homes. Because it is based on assessed value rather than the price you paid, the amount can differ from a simple percentage of the purchase price.\nThe judicial scrivener’s fee\nThe registrations are filed by a judicial scrivener (司法書士), who charges a professional fee on top of the tax and disbursements. The lender or broker may nominate a scrivener; you can ask whether the selection is mandatory. Budget both the registration and license tax and the scrivener’s fee as part of your closing costs, and ask for an estimate in advance so the figure does not surprise you at closing. Relief measures change periodically, so confirm the current rules for your property and occupancy.\nKey points to carry away: Registration and license tax applies to ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations; It is based on the assessed value or secured amount and any relief; The judicial scrivener charges a professional fee plus tax and disbursements; Residential relief measures can reduce the tax for qualifying homes. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/property-registration-costs","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:judicial-scrivener-property:en","entityId":"guide:judicial-scrivener-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What does a judicial scrivener do?","plainText":"A judicial scrivener (司法書士) prepares and files the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations and verifies the closing formalities, charging a professional fee plus tax and disbursements; the lender may nominate one, and you can ask whether the selection is mandatory.\nThe registration role, lender nomination, fees, documents, and closing.\nPrepares and files the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations.\nVerifies the closing formalities before money moves.\nCharges a professional fee plus tax and disbursements.\nThe lender or broker may nominate one; ask whether it is mandatory.\nThe registration role\nA judicial scrivener (司法書士) is the professional who prepares and files property registrations — the ownership-transfer registration when the property changes hands and the lender’s mortgage registration when you borrow. At closing, the scrivener verifies the documents and the closing formalities before the money moves, which protects both buyer and lender by confirming that title will transfer cleanly and the mortgage will be properly registered. This role is why closing typically happens with the scrivener present, often at a bank.\nFees and lender nomination\nThe scrivener charges a professional fee plus the registration and license tax and disbursements, all of which fall in your closing costs. The lender or broker may nominate a particular scrivener, especially because the lender wants its mortgage registered correctly; you can ask whether the selection is mandatory or whether you may use your own. Ask for a fee estimate in advance, and keep the registration records after closing — you will need them for future dealings with the property.\nKey points to carry away: Prepares and files the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations; Verifies the closing formalities before money moves; Charges a professional fee plus tax and disbursements; The lender or broker may nominate one; ask whether it is mandatory. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/judicial-scrivener-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-judicial-scrivener"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-registration-costs","guide:property-closing-registration","guide:property-registration-services"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Justice","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A judicial scrivener (司法書士) prepares and files the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations and verifies the closing formalities, charging a professional fee plus tax and disbursements; the lender may nominate one, and you can ask whether the selection is mandatory.\nThe registration role, lender nomination, fees, documents, and closing.\nPrepares and files the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations.\nVerifies the closing formalities before money moves.\nCharges a professional fee plus tax and disbursements.\nThe lender or broker may nominate one; ask whether it is mandatory.\nThe registration role\nA judicial scrivener (司法書士) is the professional who prepares and files property registrations — the ownership-transfer registration when the property changes hands and the lender’s mortgage registration when you borrow. At closing, the scrivener verifies the documents and the closing formalities before the money moves, which protects both buyer and lender by confirming that title will transfer cleanly and the mortgage will be properly registered. This role is why closing typically happens with the scrivener present, often at a bank.\nFees and lender nomination\nThe scrivener charges a professional fee plus the registration and license tax and disbursements, all of which fall in your closing costs. The lender or broker may nominate a particular scrivener, especially because the lender wants its mortgage registered correctly; you can ask whether the selection is mandatory or whether you may use your own. Ask for a fee estimate in advance, and keep the registration records after closing — you will need them for future dealings with the property.\nKey points to carry away: Prepares and files the ownership-transfer and mortgage registrations; Verifies the closing formalities before money moves; Charges a professional fee plus tax and disbursements; The lender or broker may nominate one; ask whether it is mandatory. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/judicial-scrivener-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:real-estate-acquisition-tax:en","entityId":"guide:real-estate-acquisition-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Real-estate acquisition tax","plainText":"Real-estate acquisition tax (不動産取得税) is a prefectural tax assessed after you acquire property, based on the assessed value; residential relief can materially reduce it, and rates and procedures vary by prefecture — for Tokyo residential property it is generally 3% after valuation deductions.\nTax timing, valuation, residential relief, and prefectural variation.\nA prefectural tax assessed after acquisition, based on the assessed value.\nResidential relief can materially reduce it.\nFor Tokyo residential property it is generally 3% after valuation deductions and land relief.\nRates and filing procedures vary by prefecture.\nTiming and valuation\nReal-estate acquisition tax (不動産取得税) is a prefectural tax assessed after you acquire property, not at closing — so it arrives as a separate bill some time after you buy, and you should reserve cash for it. It is based on the assessed value of the property (a value set for tax purposes), not the price you paid. Because it comes later, it is easy to forget when budgeting, so include it in your \"later tax cash\" alongside closing cash.\nResidential relief and prefectural variation\nResidential relief can materially reduce the tax for qualifying homes — for Tokyo, residential real-estate acquisition tax is generally calculated at 3% after applicable valuation deductions and land relief, while nonresidential property uses a different rate. Filing and relief procedures vary by prefecture, so confirm the rules where the property is located and whether you must file to claim the relief. The reliefs are conditional, so check that your property and use qualify before assuming the reduced figure.\nKey points to carry away: A prefectural tax assessed after acquisition, based on the assessed value; Residential relief can materially reduce it; For Tokyo residential property it is generally 3% after valuation deductions and land relief; Rates and filing procedures vary by prefecture. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/real-estate-acquisition-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-acquisition-tax"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-asset-tax","guide:property-closing-costs","guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shitsumon/fudosan/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Real-estate acquisition tax (不動産取得税) is a prefectural tax assessed after you acquire property, based on the assessed value; residential relief can materially reduce it, and rates and procedures vary by prefecture — for Tokyo residential property it is generally 3% after valuation deductions.\nTax timing, valuation, residential relief, and prefectural variation.\nA prefectural tax assessed after acquisition, based on the assessed value.\nResidential relief can materially reduce it.\nFor Tokyo residential property it is generally 3% after valuation deductions and land relief.\nRates and filing procedures vary by prefecture.\nTiming and valuation\nReal-estate acquisition tax (不動産取得税) is a prefectural tax assessed after you acquire property, not at closing — so it arrives as a separate bill some time after you buy, and you should reserve cash for it. It is based on the assessed value of the property (a value set for tax purposes), not the price you paid. Because it comes later, it is easy to forget when budgeting, so include it in your \"later tax cash\" alongside closing cash.\nResidential relief and prefectural variation\nResidential relief can materially reduce the tax for qualifying homes — for Tokyo, residential real-estate acquisition tax is generally calculated at 3% after applicable valuation deductions and land relief, while nonresidential property uses a different rate. Filing and relief procedures vary by prefecture, so confirm the rules where the property is located and whether you must file to claim the relief. The reliefs are conditional, so check that your property and use qualify before assuming the reduced figure.\nKey points to carry away: A prefectural tax assessed after acquisition, based on the assessed value; Residential relief can materially reduce it; For Tokyo residential property it is generally 3% after valuation deductions and land relief; Rates and filing procedures vary by prefecture. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/real-estate-acquisition-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-asset-tax:en","entityId":"guide:fixed-asset-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fixed-asset and city-planning tax","plainText":"Fixed-asset tax (固定資産税) is an annual municipal tax based on the assessed value, and city-planning tax (都市計画税) applies within designated urban-planning areas; at closing the year’s tax is commonly prorated economically between seller and buyer by contract.\nAnnual liability, assessed value, prorations, and budgeting.\nFixed-asset tax is an annual municipal tax based on the assessed value.\nCity-planning tax applies within designated urban-planning areas.\nAt closing the year’s tax is commonly prorated economically by contract.\nBudget it as a recurring annual ownership cost.\nThe annual cost of ownership\nFixed-asset tax (固定資産税) is an annual local tax based on the assessed value of the property, billed by the municipality — it is a recurring cost of ownership, not a one-time purchase cost. Within designated urban-planning areas, an additional city-planning tax (都市計画税) applies. Together these are a meaningful yearly outflow that you should build into your monthly housing budget from the start, alongside insurance, management and repair-reserve fees (for a condominium), and maintenance.\nProration at closing\nLegal liability for the year’s fixed-asset tax follows statutory rules (the owner as of a set date), but at closing the seller and buyer commonly prorate the tax economically by contract, so each effectively pays for the portion of the year they own the property. Confirm how the proration is handled in your contract so the figure at closing is not a surprise. After purchase, budget the full annual tax each year, and remember the assessed value — and therefore the tax — can change over time.\nKey points to carry away: Fixed-asset tax is an annual municipal tax based on the assessed value; City-planning tax applies within designated urban-planning areas; At closing the year’s tax is commonly prorated economically by contract; Budget it as a recurring annual ownership cost. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/fixed-asset-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fixed-asset-tax","faq:loan-city-planning-tax","faq:loan-prorate-fixed-asset"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:real-estate-acquisition-tax","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Fixed-asset tax (固定資産税) is an annual municipal tax based on the assessed value, and city-planning tax (都市計画税) applies within designated urban-planning areas; at closing the year’s tax is commonly prorated economically between seller and buyer by contract.\nAnnual liability, assessed value, prorations, and budgeting.\nFixed-asset tax is an annual municipal tax based on the assessed value.\nCity-planning tax applies within designated urban-planning areas.\nAt closing the year’s tax is commonly prorated economically by contract.\nBudget it as a recurring annual ownership cost.\nThe annual cost of ownership\nFixed-asset tax (固定資産税) is an annual local tax based on the assessed value of the property, billed by the municipality — it is a recurring cost of ownership, not a one-time purchase cost. Within designated urban-planning areas, an additional city-planning tax (都市計画税) applies. Together these are a meaningful yearly outflow that you should build into your monthly housing budget from the start, alongside insurance, management and repair-reserve fees (for a condominium), and maintenance.\nProration at closing\nLegal liability for the year’s fixed-asset tax follows statutory rules (the owner as of a set date), but at closing the seller and buyer commonly prorate the tax economically by contract, so each effectively pays for the portion of the year they own the property. Confirm how the proration is handled in your contract so the figure at closing is not a surprise. After purchase, budget the full annual tax each year, and remember the assessed value — and therefore the tax — can change over time.\nKey points to carry away: Fixed-asset tax is an annual municipal tax based on the assessed value; City-planning tax applies within designated urban-planning areas; At closing the year’s tax is commonly prorated economically by contract; Budget it as a recurring annual ownership cost. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/fixed-asset-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-tax-deduction:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-tax-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage tax deduction","plainText":"The housing-loan deduction is an income-tax credit based on your qualifying year-end mortgage balance (a 0.7% framework); the 2026 rules extend qualifying occupancy from 2026–2030, with a ¥20 million income ceiling and floor-area, energy, and occupancy conditions — file a return in the first year.\nEligibility, occupancy, property standards, first-year filing, and annual changes.\nAn income-tax credit based on the qualifying year-end mortgage balance (0.7% framework).\nThe 2026 rules extend qualifying occupancy from 2026 through 2030.\nThe general income ceiling is ¥20 million, with floor-area and energy conditions.\nFile a tax return in the first year to claim it.\nHow the deduction works\nThe mortgage tax deduction (住宅ローン減税) is an income-tax credit based on your qualifying year-end mortgage balance and conditions, under a 0.7% framework. Japan’s 2026 reform extended the deduction for five years for qualifying occupancy from 2026 through 2030, expanded treatment for qualifying energy-efficient existing homes, and extended certain existing-home deductions to 13 years. The balance ceiling, floor-area test, household addition, energy category, disaster-zone rule, income ceiling, and period must be checked for your specific property and occupancy year, because the rules are detailed and change annually.\nEligibility and first-year filing\nEligibility is not automatic. The general applicable-income ceiling is ¥20 million, with stricter conditions for some 40–50 square meter homes, and not every new home qualifies — energy, floor-area, occupancy, and other rules apply, though a used home can qualify and 2026 reforms expanded treatment for qualifying efficient existing homes. You generally must file a tax return in the first year to claim the credit; in later years an employee may claim it through year-end adjustment. Because the details shift annually, confirm the current rules for your occupancy year with the National Tax Agency or a tax accountant.\nKey points to carry away: An income-tax credit based on the qualifying year-end mortgage balance (0.7% framework); The 2026 rules extend qualifying occupancy from 2026 through 2030; The general income ceiling is ¥20 million, with floor-area and energy conditions; File a tax return in the first year to claim it. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-tax-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-tax-deduction","faq:loan-deduction-automatic","faq:loan-deduction-income-limit","faq:loan-file-first-year"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:early-repayment","guide:after-buying-home","guide:mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"The housing-loan deduction is an income-tax credit based on your qualifying year-end mortgage balance (a 0.7% framework); the 2026 rules extend qualifying occupancy from 2026–2030, with a ¥20 million income ceiling and floor-area, energy, and occupancy conditions — file a return in the first year.\nEligibility, occupancy, property standards, first-year filing, and annual changes.\nAn income-tax credit based on the qualifying year-end mortgage balance (0.7% framework).\nThe 2026 rules extend qualifying occupancy from 2026 through 2030.\nThe general income ceiling is ¥20 million, with floor-area and energy conditions.\nFile a tax return in the first year to claim it.\nHow the deduction works\nThe mortgage tax deduction (住宅ローン減税) is an income-tax credit based on your qualifying year-end mortgage balance and conditions, under a 0.7% framework. Japan’s 2026 reform extended the deduction for five years for qualifying occupancy from 2026 through 2030, expanded treatment for qualifying energy-efficient existing homes, and extended certain existing-home deductions to 13 years. The balance ceiling, floor-area test, household addition, energy category, disaster-zone rule, income ceiling, and period must be checked for your specific property and occupancy year, because the rules are detailed and change annually.\nEligibility and first-year filing\nEligibility is not automatic. The general applicable-income ceiling is ¥20 million, with stricter conditions for some 40–50 square meter homes, and not every new home qualifies — energy, floor-area, occupancy, and other rules apply, though a used home can qualify and 2026 reforms expanded treatment for qualifying efficient existing homes. You generally must file a tax return in the first year to claim the credit; in later years an employee may claim it through year-end adjustment. Because the details shift annually, confirm the current rules for your occupancy year with the National Tax Agency or a tax accountant.\nKey points to carry away: An income-tax credit based on the qualifying year-end mortgage balance (0.7% framework); The 2026 rules extend qualifying occupancy from 2026 through 2030; The general income ceiling is ¥20 million, with floor-area and energy conditions; File a tax return in the first year to claim it. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-tax-deduction","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance:en","entityId":"guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fire and earthquake insurance for homeowners","plainText":"Lenders generally require adequate fire insurance; earthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance, is generally 30–50% of the fire amount (capped at ¥50 million building / ¥10 million contents), and is recovery-oriented — ordinary fire insurance does not cover earthquake-caused fire.\nMortgage requirements, building and contents, exclusions, and earthquake limits.\nLenders generally require adequate fire insurance on the building.\nEarthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance and is capped.\nEarthquake cover is generally 30–50% of the fire amount (¥50M building / ¥10M contents).\nOrdinary fire insurance does not cover earthquake-caused fire.\nFire insurance and the lender requirement\nLenders generally require adequate fire insurance on the building as a condition of the mortgage, because the building is their collateral. Fire insurance covers building and contents against specified perils, but read the exclusions carefully — notably, ordinary fire insurance generally does not cover earthquake-caused fire. You can often buy through the lender or an agent, but compare external quotes and commissions where permitted, since a bundled policy is not automatically the cheapest or best-fitting cover.\nEarthquake insurance and its limits\nEarthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance — you cannot buy it standalone. Its insured amount is generally 30–50% of the corresponding fire-insurance amount, capped at ¥50 million for the building and ¥10 million for household contents, and it is designed to support recovery rather than guarantee complete reconstruction. So it will not rebuild your entire home; it helps you restart. A condominium owner should consider cover for the unit and contents while checking the association’s cover for common elements. In an earthquake-prone country, the separate earthquake cover is worth serious consideration despite its caps.\nKey points to carry away: Lenders generally require adequate fire insurance on the building; Earthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance and is capped; Earthquake cover is generally 30–50% of the fire amount (¥50M building / ¥10M contents); Ordinary fire insurance does not cover earthquake-caused fire. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/home-fire-earthquake-insurance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fire-insurance-mandatory","faq:loan-fire-earthquake-fire","faq:loan-earthquake-rebuild","faq:loan-condo-earthquake","faq:loan-bundle-insurance"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:earthquake-standards","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:property-insurance-providers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Lenders generally require adequate fire insurance; earthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance, is generally 30–50% of the fire amount (capped at ¥50 million building / ¥10 million contents), and is recovery-oriented — ordinary fire insurance does not cover earthquake-caused fire.\nMortgage requirements, building and contents, exclusions, and earthquake limits.\nLenders generally require adequate fire insurance on the building.\nEarthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance and is capped.\nEarthquake cover is generally 30–50% of the fire amount (¥50M building / ¥10M contents).\nOrdinary fire insurance does not cover earthquake-caused fire.\nFire insurance and the lender requirement\nLenders generally require adequate fire insurance on the building as a condition of the mortgage, because the building is their collateral. Fire insurance covers building and contents against specified perils, but read the exclusions carefully — notably, ordinary fire insurance generally does not cover earthquake-caused fire. You can often buy through the lender or an agent, but compare external quotes and commissions where permitted, since a bundled policy is not automatically the cheapest or best-fitting cover.\nEarthquake insurance and its limits\nEarthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance — you cannot buy it standalone. Its insured amount is generally 30–50% of the corresponding fire-insurance amount, capped at ¥50 million for the building and ¥10 million for household contents, and it is designed to support recovery rather than guarantee complete reconstruction. So it will not rebuild your entire home; it helps you restart. A condominium owner should consider cover for the unit and contents while checking the association’s cover for common elements. In an earthquake-prone country, the separate earthquake cover is worth serious consideration despite its caps.\nKey points to carry away: Lenders generally require adequate fire insurance on the building; Earthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance and is capped; Earthquake cover is generally 30–50% of the fire amount (¥50M building / ¥10M contents); Ordinary fire insurance does not cover earthquake-caused fire. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/home-fire-earthquake-insurance","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:condominium-management-fees:en","entityId":"guide:condominium-management-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Condominium management fees","plainText":"The management fee (管理費) pays for ordinary shared operations and is not saved for major repairs — that is the separate repair reserve; watch the fee trend and owner arrears, because both signal the health of the building’s finances.\nWhat they fund, what they do not fund, trends, and arrears.\nThe management fee funds ordinary shared operations — cleaning, security, utilities for common areas.\nIt is not saved for major repairs; the repair reserve handles those.\nWatch the fee trend and owner arrears as signals of financial health.\nA very low fee can mean under-provision, not efficiency.\nWhat the management fee funds\nThe management fee (管理費) pays for the ordinary shared operations of the building — cleaning, security, utilities for common areas, day-to-day management, and minor upkeep. Crucially, it is an operating cost, not money saved for major repairs: the repair reserve (修繕積立金) is the fund for long-term capital works. Confusing the two leads owners to think a building is well-funded when only its operating budget is covered and its repair reserve is thin.\nTrends and arrears\nWhen you evaluate a building, watch the management-fee trend and owner arrears. A rising fee can reflect real cost increases or a building catching up on under-provision; persistent arrears mean some owners are not paying, which strains the budget and can foreshadow deeper governance problems. A very low fee is not automatically a benefit — it can mean the building under-provides for its common areas. Read the accounts and minutes alongside the fee, and judge the fee in the context of the repair reserve and the building’s overall financial health.\nKey points to carry away: The management fee funds ordinary shared operations — cleaning, security, utilities for common areas; It is not saved for major repairs; the repair reserve handles those; Watch the fee trend and owner arrears as signals of financial health; A very low fee can mean under-provision, not efficiency. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/condominium-management-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-fees","faq:loan-repair-reserve"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:condo-repair-reserve","guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:condominium-rules"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"The management fee (管理費) pays for ordinary shared operations and is not saved for major repairs — that is the separate repair reserve; watch the fee trend and owner arrears, because both signal the health of the building’s finances.\nWhat they fund, what they do not fund, trends, and arrears.\nThe management fee funds ordinary shared operations — cleaning, security, utilities for common areas.\nIt is not saved for major repairs; the repair reserve handles those.\nWatch the fee trend and owner arrears as signals of financial health.\nA very low fee can mean under-provision, not efficiency.\nWhat the management fee funds\nThe management fee (管理費) pays for the ordinary shared operations of the building — cleaning, security, utilities for common areas, day-to-day management, and minor upkeep. Crucially, it is an operating cost, not money saved for major repairs: the repair reserve (修繕積立金) is the fund for long-term capital works. Confusing the two leads owners to think a building is well-funded when only its operating budget is covered and its repair reserve is thin.\nTrends and arrears\nWhen you evaluate a building, watch the management-fee trend and owner arrears. A rising fee can reflect real cost increases or a building catching up on under-provision; persistent arrears mean some owners are not paying, which strains the budget and can foreshadow deeper governance problems. A very low fee is not automatically a benefit — it can mean the building under-provides for its common areas. Read the accounts and minutes alongside the fee, and judge the fee in the context of the repair reserve and the building’s overall financial health.\nKey points to carry away: The management fee funds ordinary shared operations — cleaning, security, utilities for common areas; It is not saved for major repairs; the repair reserve handles those; Watch the fee trend and owner arrears as signals of financial health; A very low fee can mean under-provision, not efficiency. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/condominium-management-fees","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:house-maintenance-costs:en","entityId":"guide:house-maintenance-costs","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"House maintenance costs","plainText":"A house owner bears roof, exterior, structure, drainage, equipment, and termite costs directly and unevenly over time, so self-fund a private maintenance reserve — the equivalent of a condominium’s repair reserve, but which no one collects for you.\nRoof, exterior, equipment, drainage, termite, and a private reserve.\nA house owner directly bears roof, exterior, structure, drainage, equipment, and termite costs.\nThese costs land unevenly over time — some years are cheap, some are expensive.\nSelf-fund a private maintenance reserve; no one collects one for you.\nPlan a maintenance schedule rather than reacting to failures.\nThe costs a house owner bears\nUnlike a condominium owner, a house owner has no association collecting a repair reserve — you bear the roof, exterior, structure, drainage, equipment, and termite costs directly. These land unevenly: some years you spend little, and then a roof, exterior repaint, or drainage or termite job arrives as a large single cost. The freedom of a house (no management fee, full control) comes with the responsibility of funding and scheduling all of this yourself.\nFund a private reserve and plan a schedule\nSelf-fund a private maintenance reserve — set aside money each month as a condominium would, so a big repair does not become a crisis. Plan a maintenance schedule rather than reacting to failures: know roughly when the roof, exterior, water heater, and other equipment will need attention, and budget ahead. Regular small maintenance often prevents larger costs later. Treat the private reserve as a non-negotiable part of owning a house, not an optional extra, because deferred maintenance compounds into expensive structural problems.\nKey points to carry away: A house owner directly bears roof, exterior, structure, drainage, equipment, and termite costs; These costs land unevenly over time — some years are cheap, some are expensive; Self-fund a private maintenance reserve; no one collects one for you; Plan a maintenance schedule rather than reacting to failures. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/house-maintenance-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-emergency-cash-owner"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:house-vs-condominium","guide:renovation-costs-financing","guide:homeownership-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A house owner bears roof, exterior, structure, drainage, equipment, and termite costs directly and unevenly over time, so self-fund a private maintenance reserve — the equivalent of a condominium’s repair reserve, but which no one collects for you.\nRoof, exterior, equipment, drainage, termite, and a private reserve.\nA house owner directly bears roof, exterior, structure, drainage, equipment, and termite costs.\nThese costs land unevenly over time — some years are cheap, some are expensive.\nSelf-fund a private maintenance reserve; no one collects one for you.\nPlan a maintenance schedule rather than reacting to failures.\nThe costs a house owner bears\nUnlike a condominium owner, a house owner has no association collecting a repair reserve — you bear the roof, exterior, structure, drainage, equipment, and termite costs directly. These land unevenly: some years you spend little, and then a roof, exterior repaint, or drainage or termite job arrives as a large single cost. The freedom of a house (no management fee, full control) comes with the responsibility of funding and scheduling all of this yourself.\nFund a private reserve and plan a schedule\nSelf-fund a private maintenance reserve — set aside money each month as a condominium would, so a big repair does not become a crisis. Plan a maintenance schedule rather than reacting to failures: know roughly when the roof, exterior, water heater, and other equipment will need attention, and budget ahead. Regular small maintenance often prevents larger costs later. Treat the private reserve as a non-negotiable part of owning a house, not an optional extra, because deferred maintenance compounds into expensive structural problems.\nKey points to carry away: A house owner directly bears roof, exterior, structure, drainage, equipment, and termite costs; These costs land unevenly over time — some years are cheap, some are expensive; Self-fund a private maintenance reserve; no one collects one for you; Plan a maintenance schedule rather than reacting to failures. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/house-maintenance-costs","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:renovation-costs-financing:en","entityId":"guide:renovation-costs-financing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Renovation costs and financing","plainText":"Define the scope, get scope-aligned bids with drawings and exclusions, hold a contingency, and finance with a mortgage-secured or purchase-plus-renovation loan where possible — and avoid over-improving beyond what the local market will pay.\nScope, bids, contingencies, renovation loans, and over-improvement.\nDefine the scope and get bids aligned to it, with drawings and clear exclusions.\nHold a contingency for the surprises an old building often hides.\nMortgage-secured or purchase-plus-renovation financing is cheaper than unsecured.\nAvoid over-improving beyond what the local market will pay.\nScope, bids, and contingency\nStart by defining the scope precisely, then obtain scope-aligned bids that include drawings, clear exclusions, a warranty, license verification, and a payment schedule tied to milestones — do not accept a renovation quote without those. Hold a contingency, because opening up an older building often reveals hidden structural, plumbing, or electrical work that was not visible at bidding. A contingency turns a nasty surprise into a planned cost rather than a crisis.\nFinancing and over-improvement\nWhere possible, finance renovation with a mortgage-secured or purchase-plus-renovation loan rather than an unsecured renovation loan, which is usually more expensive. Weigh the cost of the work against a realistic estimate of the value it adds: essential repairs and value-preserving improvements protect the home, but highly personalized finishes or work that costs more than the local market will pay may not be recovered on resale. Over-improvement is a common, avoidable mistake — especially if you may sell within a few years.\nKey points to carry away: Define the scope and get bids aligned to it, with drawings and clear exclusions; Hold a contingency for the surprises an old building often hides; Mortgage-secured or purchase-plus-renovation financing is cheaper than unsecured; Avoid over-improving beyond what the local market will pay. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/renovation-costs-financing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-renovation-increase-value","faq:loan-renovation-in-mortgage","faq:loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:renovation-loans","guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:renovation-services"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Define the scope, get scope-aligned bids with drawings and exclusions, hold a contingency, and finance with a mortgage-secured or purchase-plus-renovation loan where possible — and avoid over-improving beyond what the local market will pay.\nScope, bids, contingencies, renovation loans, and over-improvement.\nDefine the scope and get bids aligned to it, with drawings and clear exclusions.\nHold a contingency for the surprises an old building often hides.\nMortgage-secured or purchase-plus-renovation financing is cheaper than unsecured.\nAvoid over-improving beyond what the local market will pay.\nScope, bids, and contingency\nStart by defining the scope precisely, then obtain scope-aligned bids that include drawings, clear exclusions, a warranty, license verification, and a payment schedule tied to milestones — do not accept a renovation quote without those. Hold a contingency, because opening up an older building often reveals hidden structural, plumbing, or electrical work that was not visible at bidding. A contingency turns a nasty surprise into a planned cost rather than a crisis.\nFinancing and over-improvement\nWhere possible, finance renovation with a mortgage-secured or purchase-plus-renovation loan rather than an unsecured renovation loan, which is usually more expensive. Weigh the cost of the work against a realistic estimate of the value it adds: essential repairs and value-preserving improvements protect the home, but highly personalized finishes or work that costs more than the local market will pay may not be recovered on resale. Over-improvement is a common, avoidable mistake — especially if you may sell within a few years.\nKey points to carry away: Define the scope and get bids aligned to it, with drawings and clear exclusions; Hold a contingency for the surprises an old building often hides; Mortgage-secured or purchase-plus-renovation financing is cheaper than unsecured; Avoid over-improving beyond what the local market will pay. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/renovation-costs-financing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:selling-property-costs:en","entityId":"guide:selling-property-costs","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Costs of selling property","plainText":"Selling reduces your net proceeds through brokerage commission, mortgage release and registration, legal costs, any repairs, and capital-gains tax — so calculate net proceeds after all of these, not the headline sale price.\nBrokerage, mortgage release, legal costs, repairs, tax, and net proceeds.\nBrokerage commission on the sale reduces proceeds.\nReleasing the mortgage and registration has costs.\nRepairs, legal costs, and capital-gains tax further reduce net proceeds.\nCalculate net proceeds, not the headline sale price.\nWhat reduces your proceeds\nSelling is not free. Brokerage commission on the sale (subject to the statutory maximum), the cost of releasing the existing mortgage and the associated registration, legal and judicial-scrivener costs, any repairs needed to sell, and capital-gains tax all reduce your net proceeds. A sale that looks profitable on the headline price can be much thinner once these are counted, and if you still owe more than the net proceeds, you must cover the shortfall to clear the mortgage.\nCalculate net proceeds\nWork out net proceeds — the sale price minus all selling costs, the outstanding mortgage, and the capital-gains tax on any taxable gain — before you decide to sell or set an asking price. A qualifying principal-residence sale may access a capital-gains deduction of up to ¥30 million subject to conditions, which can materially change the tax, so factor that in. The number that matters for your decision is what actually lands in your account, not the price on the listing.\nKey points to carry away: Brokerage commission on the sale reduces proceeds; Releasing the mortgage and registration has costs; Repairs, legal costs, and capital-gains tax further reduce net proceeds; Calculate net proceeds, not the headline sale price. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/selling-property-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-selling-tax","faq:loan-30-million-deduction"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-capital-gains-tax","guide:property-resale-value","guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3302.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Selling reduces your net proceeds through brokerage commission, mortgage release and registration, legal costs, any repairs, and capital-gains tax — so calculate net proceeds after all of these, not the headline sale price.\nBrokerage, mortgage release, legal costs, repairs, tax, and net proceeds.\nBrokerage commission on the sale reduces proceeds.\nReleasing the mortgage and registration has costs.\nRepairs, legal costs, and capital-gains tax further reduce net proceeds.\nCalculate net proceeds, not the headline sale price.\nWhat reduces your proceeds\nSelling is not free. Brokerage commission on the sale (subject to the statutory maximum), the cost of releasing the existing mortgage and the associated registration, legal and judicial-scrivener costs, any repairs needed to sell, and capital-gains tax all reduce your net proceeds. A sale that looks profitable on the headline price can be much thinner once these are counted, and if you still owe more than the net proceeds, you must cover the shortfall to clear the mortgage.\nCalculate net proceeds\nWork out net proceeds — the sale price minus all selling costs, the outstanding mortgage, and the capital-gains tax on any taxable gain — before you decide to sell or set an asking price. A qualifying principal-residence sale may access a capital-gains deduction of up to ¥30 million subject to conditions, which can materially change the tax, so factor that in. The number that matters for your decision is what actually lands in your account, not the price on the listing.\nKey points to carry away: Brokerage commission on the sale reduces proceeds; Releasing the mortgage and registration has costs; Repairs, legal costs, and capital-gains tax further reduce net proceeds; Calculate net proceeds, not the headline sale price. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/selling-property-costs","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-capital-gains-tax:en","entityId":"guide:property-capital-gains-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Capital-gains tax on property","plainText":"Capital-gains tax applies to the taxable gain after allowable basis, costs, and relief — not the gross price; sale price minus purchase price is not necessarily the gain, because depreciation and transaction costs affect basis, and a principal-residence sale may access a ¥30 million deduction.\nBasis, allowable costs, holding period, and principal-residence relief.\nTax applies to the taxable gain after basis, allowable costs, and relief — not the gross price.\nDepreciation and transaction costs affect the basis and the gain.\nThe holding period affects the applicable treatment.\nA qualifying principal-residence sale may access a ¥30 million deduction.\nHow the taxable gain works\nCapital-gains tax (譲渡所得) applies to the taxable gain after the allowable basis, costs, and relief — not the gross sale price. Sale price minus purchase price is not necessarily the taxable gain: depreciation reduces the basis (especially for a property that was rented and depreciated), and allowable transaction costs on both purchase and sale affect the calculation. The holding period matters too, because a separate reduced-rate provision may apply to certain long-held residences. Keep the purchase contract, cost evidence, and renovation records, because you need them to establish the basis.\nPrincipal-residence relief\nA qualifying principal residence sold at a gain may be eligible for a deduction of up to ¥30 million from the taxable capital gain, subject to detailed conditions and interactions with other relief, and a separate reduced-rate provision may apply to certain long-held residences. These reliefs can materially change or eliminate the tax, but they are conditional and can interact with the mortgage deduction and restricted years, so obtain tax advice. Do not assume the relief applies — confirm your eligibility for your specific sale and year with a tax accountant or the National Tax Agency.\nKey points to carry away: Tax applies to the taxable gain after basis, allowable costs, and relief — not the gross price; Depreciation and transaction costs affect the basis and the gain; The holding period affects the applicable treatment; A qualifying principal-residence sale may access a ¥30 million deduction. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-capital-gains-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-selling-tax","faq:loan-sale-price-minus-purchase","faq:loan-30-million-deduction"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:selling-property-costs","guide:rental-property-tax","guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3302.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Capital-gains tax applies to the taxable gain after allowable basis, costs, and relief — not the gross price; sale price minus purchase price is not necessarily the gain, because depreciation and transaction costs affect basis, and a principal-residence sale may access a ¥30 million deduction.\nBasis, allowable costs, holding period, and principal-residence relief.\nTax applies to the taxable gain after basis, allowable costs, and relief — not the gross price.\nDepreciation and transaction costs affect the basis and the gain.\nThe holding period affects the applicable treatment.\nA qualifying principal-residence sale may access a ¥30 million deduction.\nHow the taxable gain works\nCapital-gains tax (譲渡所得) applies to the taxable gain after the allowable basis, costs, and relief — not the gross sale price. Sale price minus purchase price is not necessarily the taxable gain: depreciation reduces the basis (especially for a property that was rented and depreciated), and allowable transaction costs on both purchase and sale affect the calculation. The holding period matters too, because a separate reduced-rate provision may apply to certain long-held residences. Keep the purchase contract, cost evidence, and renovation records, because you need them to establish the basis.\nPrincipal-residence relief\nA qualifying principal residence sold at a gain may be eligible for a deduction of up to ¥30 million from the taxable capital gain, subject to detailed conditions and interactions with other relief, and a separate reduced-rate provision may apply to certain long-held residences. These reliefs can materially change or eliminate the tax, but they are conditional and can interact with the mortgage deduction and restricted years, so obtain tax advice. Do not assume the relief applies — confirm your eligibility for your specific sale and year with a tax accountant or the National Tax Agency.\nKey points to carry away: Tax applies to the taxable gain after basis, allowable costs, and relief — not the gross price; Depreciation and transaction costs affect the basis and the gain; The holding period affects the applicable treatment; A qualifying principal-residence sale may access a ¥30 million deduction. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/property-capital-gains-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rental-property-tax:en","entityId":"guide:rental-property-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rental-income tax for property owners","plainText":"Net rental income is generally taxable and must be reported; you can deduct allowable expenses, depreciation, and mortgage interest — but not principal — and you must distinguish deductible repairs from capitalized improvements.\nIncome, expenses, depreciation, interest, and repairs vs improvements.\nNet rental income is generally taxable and must be reported.\nYou cannot deduct the full mortgage payment — principal is not an expense.\nMortgage interest may be deductible, with limitations and allocation.\nDepreciation is a non-cash deduction; repairs and improvements are treated differently.\nIncome, expenses, and interest\nNet taxable rental income (不動産所得) must generally be reported: it is the rent received minus allowable expenses. You cannot deduct the full mortgage payment from rent — principal is not ordinarily a deductible expense, though mortgage interest may be deductible under the income-tax rules, with limitations and allocation issues. Allowable expenses typically include management and association fees, owner-paid utilities, insurance, fixed-asset and city-planning tax, leasing commissions, and maintenance. Keep clear records, because the classification of costs determines the tax.\nDepreciation and repairs vs improvements\nDepreciation is a tax accounting deduction, not cash income — it reduces taxable income without a cash outlay, based on the building’s allocated value and useful life, so the land/building allocation must be supported. You must also distinguish repairs from improvements: a deductible repair maintains the property, while a capital improvement is added to the basis and depreciated over time rather than fully deducted in the year. Getting this classification and the depreciation right requires care, so keep records and consider a tax accountant for a rental of any scale.\nKey points to carry away: Net rental income is generally taxable and must be reported; You cannot deduct the full mortgage payment — principal is not an expense; Mortgage interest may be deductible, with limitations and allocation; Depreciation is a non-cash deduction; repairs and improvements are treated differently. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/rental-property-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-rental-income-taxable","faq:loan-deduct-mortgage-from-rent","faq:loan-interest-deductible-rental","faq:loan-depreciation-cash"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home","guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Net rental income is generally taxable and must be reported; you can deduct allowable expenses, depreciation, and mortgage interest — but not principal — and you must distinguish deductible repairs from capitalized improvements.\nIncome, expenses, depreciation, interest, and repairs vs improvements.\nNet rental income is generally taxable and must be reported.\nYou cannot deduct the full mortgage payment — principal is not an expense.\nMortgage interest may be deductible, with limitations and allocation.\nDepreciation is a non-cash deduction; repairs and improvements are treated differently.\nIncome, expenses, and interest\nNet taxable rental income (不動産所得) must generally be reported: it is the rent received minus allowable expenses. You cannot deduct the full mortgage payment from rent — principal is not ordinarily a deductible expense, though mortgage interest may be deductible under the income-tax rules, with limitations and allocation issues. Allowable expenses typically include management and association fees, owner-paid utilities, insurance, fixed-asset and city-planning tax, leasing commissions, and maintenance. Keep clear records, because the classification of costs determines the tax.\nDepreciation and repairs vs improvements\nDepreciation is a tax accounting deduction, not cash income — it reduces taxable income without a cash outlay, based on the building’s allocated value and useful life, so the land/building allocation must be supported. You must also distinguish repairs from improvements: a deductible repair maintains the property, while a capital improvement is added to the basis and depreciated over time rather than fully deducted in the year. Getting this classification and the depreciation right requires care, so keep records and consider a tax accountant for a rental of any scale.\nKey points to carry away: Net rental income is generally taxable and must be reported; You cannot deduct the full mortgage payment — principal is not an expense; Mortgage interest may be deductible, with limitations and allocation; Depreciation is a non-cash deduction; repairs and improvements are treated differently. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/rental-property-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-inheritance-gifts:en","entityId":"guide:property-inheritance-gifts","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Inheriting or gifting Japanese property","plainText":"Inheriting or gifting property involves ownership registration (now mandatory for inherited land under the amended system), valuation for tax, financing where relevant, and gift-tax exposure when contributions and ownership differ — get professional planning.\nOwnership registration, valuation, financing, and professional support.\nInheritance land registration is now mandatory under the amended system.\nProperty is valued for inheritance and gift tax by set rules, not the price you paid.\nUnequal payments between spouses can create gift-tax issues.\nOwnership structure, valuations, and residence all affect the outcome — get advice.\nRegistration and valuation\nInheriting property now carries a registration obligation: inheritance-registration obligations apply under the amended system, with deadlines and transition rules that require review, so do not leave inherited land unregistered. For inheritance and gift tax, property is valued by set rules rather than the price you paid, and the ownership structure and residence affect the outcome. Because these rules are technical and carry deadlines, treat an inheritance or gift as a matter to plan, not to postpone.\nOwnership, gift tax, and advice\nOwnership structure matters. Spouses should own in shares that reflect their actual contributions, because unequal payments relative to legal ownership can create gift-tax issues — a 50/50 split makes sense only if contributions, debt, gift-tax, control, and future-sale consequences support it. Where financing, an estate, or cross-border elements are involved, the interactions get complex quickly. Get professional support from a tax accountant and, where appropriate, a lawyer or judicial scrivener, so the ownership, valuation, financing, and registration are handled correctly.\nKey points to carry away: Inheritance land registration is now mandatory under the amended system; Property is valued for inheritance and gift tax by set rules, not the price you paid; Unequal payments between spouses can create gift-tax issues; Ownership structure, valuations, and residence all affect the outcome — get advice. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-inheritance-gifts","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-inheritance-registration","faq:loan-spouses-5050","faq:loan-unequal-gift-tax"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:parent-child-relay-mortgages","guide:property-capital-gains-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Justice","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Inheriting or gifting property involves ownership registration (now mandatory for inherited land under the amended system), valuation for tax, financing where relevant, and gift-tax exposure when contributions and ownership differ — get professional planning.\nOwnership registration, valuation, financing, and professional support.\nInheritance land registration is now mandatory under the amended system.\nProperty is valued for inheritance and gift tax by set rules, not the price you paid.\nUnequal payments between spouses can create gift-tax issues.\nOwnership structure, valuations, and residence all affect the outcome — get advice.\nRegistration and valuation\nInheriting property now carries a registration obligation: inheritance-registration obligations apply under the amended system, with deadlines and transition rules that require review, so do not leave inherited land unregistered. For inheritance and gift tax, property is valued by set rules rather than the price you paid, and the ownership structure and residence affect the outcome. Because these rules are technical and carry deadlines, treat an inheritance or gift as a matter to plan, not to postpone.\nOwnership, gift tax, and advice\nOwnership structure matters. Spouses should own in shares that reflect their actual contributions, because unequal payments relative to legal ownership can create gift-tax issues — a 50/50 split makes sense only if contributions, debt, gift-tax, control, and future-sale consequences support it. Where financing, an estate, or cross-border elements are involved, the interactions get complex quickly. Get professional support from a tax accountant and, where appropriate, a lawyer or judicial scrivener, so the ownership, valuation, financing, and registration are handled correctly.\nKey points to carry away: Inheritance land registration is now mandatory under the amended system; Property is valued for inheritance and gift tax by set rules, not the price you paid; Unequal payments between spouses can create gift-tax issues; Ownership structure, valuations, and residence all affect the outcome — get advice. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/property-inheritance-gifts","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:consumer-loans:en","entityId":"guide:consumer-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Consumer loans in Japan","plainText":"Consumer loans from licensed moneylenders carry high, often double-digit rates and are subject to the one-third-of-income aggregate borrowing limit; they suit only a short, necessary, repayable emergency — never a recurring living deficit or a long-lived asset.\nProviders, rates, the statutory borrowing limit, appropriate uses, and danger signs.\nHigh, often double-digit rates from licensed moneylenders.\nSubject to the one-third-of-income aggregate borrowing limit.\nSuitable only for a short, necessary, repayable emergency.\nNever finance a recurring living deficit or a long-lived asset with one.\nWhat consumer loans are\nConsumer loans and finance-company cash advances are covered moneylender borrowing, generally subject to the aggregate borrowing limit under the Money Lending Business Act — new moneylender borrowing is normally restricted once covered balances exceed one-third of annual income. They carry high, often double-digit interest rates, which is the price of unsecured, fast credit. Used sparingly for a genuine short emergency they can help; used as a habit they are expensive and dangerous.\nAppropriate use and danger signs\nA consumer loan is appropriate only for a short, necessary, repayable emergency — and never for a long-lived asset (finance those with a secured, cheaper loan) or a recurring living deficit. The danger signs are borrowing to cover everyday shortfalls, refinancing one loan with another, or relying on the loan while the underlying budget stays negative. If you are using a consumer loan to get through the month, the problem is the budget, not the loan, and more high-rate debt deepens it. Remember card-loan and consumer-loan use can also hurt a future mortgage application through the balance, repayment burden, and credit behavior.\nKey points to carry away: High, often double-digit rates from licensed moneylenders; Subject to the one-third-of-income aggregate borrowing limit; Suitable only for a short, necessary, repayable emergency; Never finance a recurring living deficit or a long-lived asset with one. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/consumer-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-onethird-rule","faq:loan-finance-company-covered","faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:bank-card-loans","guide:consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","guide:debt-warning-signs","guide:secured-vs-unsecured"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Consumer loans from licensed moneylenders carry high, often double-digit rates and are subject to the one-third-of-income aggregate borrowing limit; they suit only a short, necessary, repayable emergency — never a recurring living deficit or a long-lived asset.\nProviders, rates, the statutory borrowing limit, appropriate uses, and danger signs.\nHigh, often double-digit rates from licensed moneylenders.\nSubject to the one-third-of-income aggregate borrowing limit.\nSuitable only for a short, necessary, repayable emergency.\nNever finance a recurring living deficit or a long-lived asset with one.\nWhat consumer loans are\nConsumer loans and finance-company cash advances are covered moneylender borrowing, generally subject to the aggregate borrowing limit under the Money Lending Business Act — new moneylender borrowing is normally restricted once covered balances exceed one-third of annual income. They carry high, often double-digit interest rates, which is the price of unsecured, fast credit. Used sparingly for a genuine short emergency they can help; used as a habit they are expensive and dangerous.\nAppropriate use and danger signs\nA consumer loan is appropriate only for a short, necessary, repayable emergency — and never for a long-lived asset (finance those with a secured, cheaper loan) or a recurring living deficit. The danger signs are borrowing to cover everyday shortfalls, refinancing one loan with another, or relying on the loan while the underlying budget stays negative. If you are using a consumer loan to get through the month, the problem is the budget, not the loan, and more high-rate debt deepens it. Remember card-loan and consumer-loan use can also hurt a future mortgage application through the balance, repayment burden, and credit behavior.\nKey points to carry away: High, often double-digit rates from licensed moneylenders; Subject to the one-third-of-income aggregate borrowing limit; Suitable only for a short, necessary, repayable emergency; Never finance a recurring living deficit or a long-lived asset with one. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/consumer-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bank-card-loans:en","entityId":"guide:bank-card-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Bank card loans","plainText":"A bank card loan is a revolving unsecured credit line; it sits outside the moneylender one-third rule but banks impose their own limits, the rates are still often high, and its balance and repayment behavior can hurt a future mortgage application.\nRevolving structure, minimum payments, rates, limits, and mortgage impact.\nA revolving unsecured credit line from a bank.\nOutside the moneylender one-third rule, but banks set their own limits.\nRates are still often high, and minimum payments can trap a balance.\nThe balance and repayment behavior can hurt a future mortgage application.\nThe revolving structure\nA bank card loan is a revolving unsecured credit line from a bank: you can draw up to a limit and repay flexibly. Bank lending sits outside the statutory one-third moneylender rule, though banks impose their own affordability limits. The rates are still often high, and the revolving structure with a low minimum payment is the trap — paying only the minimum can keep a balance alive for years while interest accumulates, so it feels manageable while quietly costing a great deal.\nImpact on a mortgage\nCard-loan use can hurt a mortgage approval through the balance, the repayment burden it adds to your debt-service ratio, and your credit behavior. Even an unused card-loan limit can reduce your borrowing headroom, because a lender may treat available credit as potential debt. If you plan to apply for a mortgage, keep balances low, avoid revolving debt in the run-up, and consider closing unnecessary revolving credit where appropriate. A bank card loan is for limited short-term liquidity, not a standing source of funds.\nKey points to carry away: A revolving unsecured credit line from a bank; Outside the moneylender one-third rule, but banks set their own limits; Rates are still often high, and minimum payments can trap a balance; The balance and repayment behavior can hurt a future mortgage application. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/bank-card-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-bank-card-loan","faq:loan-card-loan-onethird","faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumer-loans","guide:consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","guide:debt-before-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A bank card loan is a revolving unsecured credit line; it sits outside the moneylender one-third rule but banks impose their own limits, the rates are still often high, and its balance and repayment behavior can hurt a future mortgage application.\nRevolving structure, minimum payments, rates, limits, and mortgage impact.\nA revolving unsecured credit line from a bank.\nOutside the moneylender one-third rule, but banks set their own limits.\nRates are still often high, and minimum payments can trap a balance.\nThe balance and repayment behavior can hurt a future mortgage application.\nThe revolving structure\nA bank card loan is a revolving unsecured credit line from a bank: you can draw up to a limit and repay flexibly. Bank lending sits outside the statutory one-third moneylender rule, though banks impose their own affordability limits. The rates are still often high, and the revolving structure with a low minimum payment is the trap — paying only the minimum can keep a balance alive for years while interest accumulates, so it feels manageable while quietly costing a great deal.\nImpact on a mortgage\nCard-loan use can hurt a mortgage approval through the balance, the repayment burden it adds to your debt-service ratio, and your credit behavior. Even an unused card-loan limit can reduce your borrowing headroom, because a lender may treat available credit as potential debt. If you plan to apply for a mortgage, keep balances low, avoid revolving debt in the run-up, and consider closing unnecessary revolving credit where appropriate. A bank card loan is for limited short-term liquidity, not a standing source of funds.\nKey points to carry away: A revolving unsecured credit line from a bank; Outside the moneylender one-third rule, but banks set their own limits; Rates are still often high, and minimum payments can trap a balance; The balance and repayment behavior can hurt a future mortgage application. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/bank-card-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:credit-company-loans:en","entityId":"guide:credit-company-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Credit-company loans","plainText":"Finance and credit companies offer installment and cash-advance credit that is generally covered moneylender borrowing under the one-third rule; screen the rate and total cost carefully, because convenience at the point of sale often costs more than a bank loan.\nFinance companies, screening, rates, total cost, and regulation.\nFinance companies offer installment and cash-advance credit.\nCash advances are generally covered moneylender borrowing under the one-third rule.\nPoint-of-sale convenience often costs more than a bank loan.\nCompare the rate and total cost, not just the monthly payment.\nWhat credit-company loans are\nFinance and credit companies (信販会社) offer installment credit for purchases and cash advances, screening applicants and pricing according to risk. Cash advances from these companies are generally covered moneylender borrowing, so they count toward the one-third-of-income aggregate limit, while installment purchase credit is structured differently. The convenience is that the credit is available at the point of sale — but that convenience often carries a higher total cost than arranging a bank loan in advance.\nScreen the total cost\nScreen the rate and total cost carefully, and compare against a bank loan for the same purchase. A low advertised monthly payment can hide a high total finance cost, especially over a long term or with a balloon. Because these products are regulated and reported to credit-information organizations, their use also appears in your credit records and affects future borrowing. Use them deliberately, understanding the full cost, rather than accepting the default finance offered at checkout.\nKey points to carry away: Finance companies offer installment and cash-advance credit; Cash advances are generally covered moneylender borrowing under the one-third rule; Point-of-sale convenience often costs more than a bank loan; Compare the rate and total cost, not just the monthly payment. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/credit-company-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-finance-company-covered"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumer-loans","guide:car-loans","guide:secured-vs-unsecured"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Finance and credit companies offer installment and cash-advance credit that is generally covered moneylender borrowing under the one-third rule; screen the rate and total cost carefully, because convenience at the point of sale often costs more than a bank loan.\nFinance companies, screening, rates, total cost, and regulation.\nFinance companies offer installment and cash-advance credit.\nCash advances are generally covered moneylender borrowing under the one-third rule.\nPoint-of-sale convenience often costs more than a bank loan.\nCompare the rate and total cost, not just the monthly payment.\nWhat credit-company loans are\nFinance and credit companies (信販会社) offer installment credit for purchases and cash advances, screening applicants and pricing according to risk. Cash advances from these companies are generally covered moneylender borrowing, so they count toward the one-third-of-income aggregate limit, while installment purchase credit is structured differently. The convenience is that the credit is available at the point of sale — but that convenience often carries a higher total cost than arranging a bank loan in advance.\nScreen the total cost\nScreen the rate and total cost carefully, and compare against a bank loan for the same purchase. A low advertised monthly payment can hide a high total finance cost, especially over a long term or with a balloon. Because these products are regulated and reported to credit-information organizations, their use also appears in your credit records and affects future borrowing. Use them deliberately, understanding the full cost, rather than accepting the default finance offered at checkout.\nKey points to carry away: Finance companies offer installment and cash-advance credit; Cash advances are generally covered moneylender borrowing under the one-third rule; Point-of-sale convenience often costs more than a bank loan; Compare the rate and total cost, not just the monthly payment. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/credit-company-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:car-loans:en","entityId":"guide:car-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Car loans in Japan","plainText":"Negotiate the vehicle’s cash price first, then compare a bank auto loan against dealer finance on total cost; be wary of residual-value (balloon) structures that assume you can always refinance or resell, and avoid a term longer than the car’s useful life.\nBank loans, dealer finance, residual-value loans, and balloon risk.\nNegotiate the cash vehicle price separately from the finance.\nA bank auto loan often shows a clearer interest cost; you usually own the car.\nDealer finance is convenient but can bundle discounts with a residual-value balloon.\nAvoid a term longer than the car’s useful life.\nBank loan vs dealer finance\nA car loan can come from a bank (or affiliated lender) or from dealer finance arranged at the point of sale. A bank auto loan often shows a clearer interest cost and typically leaves you owning the vehicle outright. Dealer finance is convenient and may come with promotional discounts or a residual-value (balloon) plan that lowers monthly payments by assuming a future vehicle value. The catch is that dealer discounts and finance terms are often intertwined, so a \"cheap\" finance rate can accompany a higher vehicle price.\nBalloon risk and term\nSeparate the two decisions: negotiate the cash price of the vehicle as if paying cash, then compare financing on the total finance cost for that price. Residual-value financing bases payments partly on an assumed future vehicle value, leaving a balloon or return conditions — it is dangerous when you assume refinancing or resale will always cover the balloon. A car is a depreciating asset, so avoid an excessive vehicle price, a balloon you cannot fund, and a term stretching beyond the car’s useful life.\nKey points to carry away: Negotiate the cash vehicle price separately from the finance; A bank auto loan often shows a clearer interest cost; you usually own the car; Dealer finance is convenient but can bundle discounts with a residual-value balloon; Avoid a term longer than the car’s useful life. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/car-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-auto-bank-loan","faq:loan-dealer-financing-cheaper","faq:loan-residual-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:bank-vs-dealer-car-loan","guide:secured-vs-unsecured"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Negotiate the vehicle’s cash price first, then compare a bank auto loan against dealer finance on total cost; be wary of residual-value (balloon) structures that assume you can always refinance or resell, and avoid a term longer than the car’s useful life.\nBank loans, dealer finance, residual-value loans, and balloon risk.\nNegotiate the cash vehicle price separately from the finance.\nA bank auto loan often shows a clearer interest cost; you usually own the car.\nDealer finance is convenient but can bundle discounts with a residual-value balloon.\nAvoid a term longer than the car’s useful life.\nBank loan vs dealer finance\nA car loan can come from a bank (or affiliated lender) or from dealer finance arranged at the point of sale. A bank auto loan often shows a clearer interest cost and typically leaves you owning the vehicle outright. Dealer finance is convenient and may come with promotional discounts or a residual-value (balloon) plan that lowers monthly payments by assuming a future vehicle value. The catch is that dealer discounts and finance terms are often intertwined, so a \"cheap\" finance rate can accompany a higher vehicle price.\nBalloon risk and term\nSeparate the two decisions: negotiate the cash price of the vehicle as if paying cash, then compare financing on the total finance cost for that price. Residual-value financing bases payments partly on an assumed future vehicle value, leaving a balloon or return conditions — it is dangerous when you assume refinancing or resale will always cover the balloon. A car is a depreciating asset, so avoid an excessive vehicle price, a balloon you cannot fund, and a term stretching beyond the car’s useful life.\nKey points to carry away: Negotiate the cash vehicle price separately from the finance; A bank auto loan often shows a clearer interest cost; you usually own the car; Dealer finance is convenient but can bundle discounts with a residual-value balloon; Avoid a term longer than the car’s useful life. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/car-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:education-loans:en","entityId":"guide:education-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Education loans in Japan","plainText":"Education loans finance tuition and related costs through public and private routes; borrow with a realistic repayment plan, and be cautious about parents taking on debt that strains their retirement or borrowing for uncertain, high-cost programs.\nPublic and private routes, parent borrowing, terms, and repayment.\nPublic and private routes finance tuition and related education costs.\nSome structures have the parent borrow, others the student.\nBorrow with a realistic repayment plan and terms you understand.\nBe cautious about parent retirement stress and uncertain, high-cost programs.\nPublic and private routes\nEducation loans (教育ローン) are purpose financing for tuition and related education costs, available through public routes and private (bank and other) lenders. Some structures have the parent borrow and repay, others the student, and terms, rates, and repayment schedules differ across routes. Compare the options for the specific need, and understand who is liable and when repayment starts — a student loan that defers repayment behaves very differently from a parent loan repaid from current income.\nBorrow with a realistic plan\nEducation is human-capital expenditure, and borrowing for it can be sound — but only with a realistic repayment plan. Be cautious in two situations: a parent taking on debt that strains their own retirement, and borrowing for an uncertain or very high-cost program whose payoff is unclear. Match the borrowing to a credible expected outcome, keep the parent’s retirement security intact, and prefer public or lower-cost routes where they fit. Do not let the emotional weight of a child’s education override a clear-eyed look at whether the debt is repayable.\nKey points to carry away: Public and private routes finance tuition and related education costs; Some structures have the parent borrow, others the student; Borrow with a realistic repayment plan and terms you understand; Be cautious about parent retirement stress and uncertain, high-cost programs. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/education-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-education-loan"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:borrowing-guide","guide:debt-warning-signs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Education loans finance tuition and related costs through public and private routes; borrow with a realistic repayment plan, and be cautious about parents taking on debt that strains their retirement or borrowing for uncertain, high-cost programs.\nPublic and private routes, parent borrowing, terms, and repayment.\nPublic and private routes finance tuition and related education costs.\nSome structures have the parent borrow, others the student.\nBorrow with a realistic repayment plan and terms you understand.\nBe cautious about parent retirement stress and uncertain, high-cost programs.\nPublic and private routes\nEducation loans (教育ローン) are purpose financing for tuition and related education costs, available through public routes and private (bank and other) lenders. Some structures have the parent borrow and repay, others the student, and terms, rates, and repayment schedules differ across routes. Compare the options for the specific need, and understand who is liable and when repayment starts — a student loan that defers repayment behaves very differently from a parent loan repaid from current income.\nBorrow with a realistic plan\nEducation is human-capital expenditure, and borrowing for it can be sound — but only with a realistic repayment plan. Be cautious in two situations: a parent taking on debt that strains their own retirement, and borrowing for an uncertain or very high-cost program whose payoff is unclear. Match the borrowing to a credible expected outcome, keep the parent’s retirement security intact, and prefer public or lower-cost routes where they fit. Do not let the emotional weight of a child’s education override a clear-eyed look at whether the debt is repayable.\nKey points to carry away: Public and private routes finance tuition and related education costs; Some structures have the parent borrow, others the student; Borrow with a realistic repayment plan and terms you understand; Be cautious about parent retirement stress and uncertain, high-cost programs. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/education-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sole-proprietor-business-loans:en","entityId":"guide:sole-proprietor-business-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Business loans for sole proprietors","plainText":"A sole proprietor can obtain a business loan using tax returns, financial statements, and a business-purpose analysis for productive working capital or equipment — but never use home equity to prop up an unviable business.\nTax returns, working capital, equipment, guarantees, and home-equity risk.\nApproval uses tax returns, financial statements, and a business-purpose analysis.\nBest for productive working capital or equipment, not to cover losses.\nGuarantees and personal liability are common — understand them.\nNever use home equity to support an unviable business.\nHow approval works\nA sole proprietor can obtain a business loan using financial statements, tax returns, and a business-purpose analysis — the lender assesses the business’s health and the productive use of the funds. Working capital and equipment that generate income are appropriate uses. Expect the lender to look at multiple years of returns and to weigh the stability and continuity of the business, and be ready to explain how the borrowing will produce a return rather than simply cover a gap.\nThe home-equity risk\nThe characteristic danger is using home equity to support an unviable business. A property-secured loan or a personal guarantee can convert business risk into the risk of losing your home, and pouring borrowed money into a business that is not working usually deepens the loss rather than saving it. Understand any guarantees and personal liability before signing, keep business and household finances distinct where possible, and be honest with yourself about whether the business is viable — a loan cannot fix a broken business model.\nKey points to carry away: Approval uses tax returns, financial statements, and a business-purpose analysis; Best for productive working capital or equipment, not to cover losses; Guarantees and personal liability are common — understand them; Never use home equity to support an unviable business. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/sole-proprietor-business-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-sole-proprietor-business"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-secured-loans","guide:employment-mortgage-approval","guide:debt-warning-signs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A sole proprietor can obtain a business loan using tax returns, financial statements, and a business-purpose analysis for productive working capital or equipment — but never use home equity to prop up an unviable business.\nTax returns, working capital, equipment, guarantees, and home-equity risk.\nApproval uses tax returns, financial statements, and a business-purpose analysis.\nBest for productive working capital or equipment, not to cover losses.\nGuarantees and personal liability are common — understand them.\nNever use home equity to support an unviable business.\nHow approval works\nA sole proprietor can obtain a business loan using financial statements, tax returns, and a business-purpose analysis — the lender assesses the business’s health and the productive use of the funds. Working capital and equipment that generate income are appropriate uses. Expect the lender to look at multiple years of returns and to weigh the stability and continuity of the business, and be ready to explain how the borrowing will produce a return rather than simply cover a gap.\nThe home-equity risk\nThe characteristic danger is using home equity to support an unviable business. A property-secured loan or a personal guarantee can convert business risk into the risk of losing your home, and pouring borrowed money into a business that is not working usually deepens the loss rather than saving it. Understand any guarantees and personal liability before signing, keep business and household finances distinct where possible, and be honest with yourself about whether the business is viable — a loan cannot fix a broken business model.\nKey points to carry away: Approval uses tax returns, financial statements, and a business-purpose analysis; Best for productive working capital or equipment, not to cover losses; Guarantees and personal liability are common — understand them; Never use home equity to support an unviable business. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/sole-proprietor-business-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:secured-vs-unsecured:en","entityId":"guide:secured-vs-unsecured","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Secured vs unsecured loans","plainText":"Secured loans pledge collateral for lower rates and longer terms but risk the asset on default; unsecured loans need no collateral but cost much more — match the loan to the life of what it buys, and never fund a long-lived asset with short-term high-rate debt.\nCost, term, collateral, approval, and consequences of default.\nSecured loans: lower rates, longer terms, but the asset is at risk on default.\nUnsecured loans: no collateral, but much higher rates and shorter terms.\nMatch the loan’s term and cost to the life of what it buys.\nNever fund a long-lived asset with short-term, high-rate debt.\nThe core difference\nA secured loan pledges collateral — most importantly a registered mortgage over property — which is why mortgages and secured real-estate loans carry the lowest rates and longest terms. The cost of that cheap credit is collateral risk: default can lead to enforcement and the loss of the asset. An unsecured loan (a card loan or consumer loan) needs no registered collateral, so it is faster and does not put a specific asset on the line, but it carries much higher, often double-digit rates and shorter terms.\nMatch the loan to what it buys\nThe practical rule is to match the loan’s term and cost to the life of what it buys. A long-lived asset like a home belongs on a long-term secured loan; a short-term necessary expense can suit a short unsecured loan, repaid quickly. What you must never do is fund a long-lived asset — or a recurring living deficit — with short-term, high-rate unsecured debt, because the cost compounds and the mismatch traps you. Understand the consequences of default on each: an unsecured default damages credit, a secured default can cost you the asset and still leave a deficiency.\nKey points to carry away: Secured loans: lower rates, longer terms, but the asset is at risk on default; Unsecured loans: no collateral, but much higher rates and shorter terms; Match the loan’s term and cost to the life of what it buys; Never fund a long-lived asset with short-term, high-rate debt. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/secured-vs-unsecured","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured","faq:loan-secure-consumer-spending"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-loans-work","guide:property-secured-loans","guide:consumer-loans"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Secured loans pledge collateral for lower rates and longer terms but risk the asset on default; unsecured loans need no collateral but cost much more — match the loan to the life of what it buys, and never fund a long-lived asset with short-term high-rate debt.\nCost, term, collateral, approval, and consequences of default.\nSecured loans: lower rates, longer terms, but the asset is at risk on default.\nUnsecured loans: no collateral, but much higher rates and shorter terms.\nMatch the loan’s term and cost to the life of what it buys.\nNever fund a long-lived asset with short-term, high-rate debt.\nThe core difference\nA secured loan pledges collateral — most importantly a registered mortgage over property — which is why mortgages and secured real-estate loans carry the lowest rates and longest terms. The cost of that cheap credit is collateral risk: default can lead to enforcement and the loss of the asset. An unsecured loan (a card loan or consumer loan) needs no registered collateral, so it is faster and does not put a specific asset on the line, but it carries much higher, often double-digit rates and shorter terms.\nMatch the loan to what it buys\nThe practical rule is to match the loan’s term and cost to the life of what it buys. A long-lived asset like a home belongs on a long-term secured loan; a short-term necessary expense can suit a short unsecured loan, repaid quickly. What you must never do is fund a long-lived asset — or a recurring living deficit — with short-term, high-rate unsecured debt, because the cost compounds and the mismatch traps you. Understand the consequences of default on each: an unsecured default damages credit, a secured default can cost you the asset and still leave a deficiency.\nKey points to carry away: Secured loans: lower rates, longer terms, but the asset is at risk on default; Unsecured loans: no collateral, but much higher rates and shorter terms; Match the loan’s term and cost to the life of what it buys; Never fund a long-lived asset with short-term, high-rate debt. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/secured-vs-unsecured","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:debt-warning-signs:en","entityId":"guide:debt-warning-signs","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Dangerous uses of debt","plainText":"The clearest danger signs are borrowing to cover a recurring lifestyle deficit, refinancing one loan with another, financing speculative property on gross yield or future refinancing, and building affordability on uncertain bonuses.\nLifestyle deficits, refinancing cycles, speculative property, and bonus dependence.\nBorrowing to cover a recurring lifestyle deficit is a red flag.\nRefinancing one loan with another to stay afloat compounds the problem.\nSpeculative property bought on gross yield or future refinancing is dangerous.\nBuilding affordability on uncertain bonuses is fragile.\nThe danger signs\nSome uses of debt reliably lead to trouble. Borrowing to cover a recurring lifestyle deficit means the budget is negative and debt is papering over it; refinancing one loan with another to keep up payments is a cycle that grows the balance; financing speculative property on gross yield rather than net cash flow, or relying on future refinancing to make a deal work, bets on assumptions that can fail; and building affordability on uncertain bonuses leaves you exposed if the bonus shrinks. Each of these treats debt as a solution to a problem debt cannot solve.\nWhat to do instead\nIf you recognize these signs, the answer is not more borrowing. Fix the budget so it is not structurally negative; do not use high-rate consumer credit to cover a mortgage or living shortfall; underwrite any investment on realistic net numbers rather than gross yield or hoped-for refinancing; and base affordability on stable base income, treating bonuses as a bonus. If the situation is already serious, get independent advice early — a lender, a public consultation service, or a professional — rather than borrowing again to postpone the reckoning.\nKey points to carry away: Borrowing to cover a recurring lifestyle deficit is a red flag; Refinancing one loan with another to stay afloat compounds the problem; Speculative property bought on gross yield or future refinancing is dangerous; Building affordability on uncertain bonuses is fragile. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/debt-warning-signs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-borrow-down-payment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:borrowing-guide","guide:consumer-loans","guide:debt-before-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"The clearest danger signs are borrowing to cover a recurring lifestyle deficit, refinancing one loan with another, financing speculative property on gross yield or future refinancing, and building affordability on uncertain bonuses.\nLifestyle deficits, refinancing cycles, speculative property, and bonus dependence.\nBorrowing to cover a recurring lifestyle deficit is a red flag.\nRefinancing one loan with another to stay afloat compounds the problem.\nSpeculative property bought on gross yield or future refinancing is dangerous.\nBuilding affordability on uncertain bonuses is fragile.\nThe danger signs\nSome uses of debt reliably lead to trouble. Borrowing to cover a recurring lifestyle deficit means the budget is negative and debt is papering over it; refinancing one loan with another to keep up payments is a cycle that grows the balance; financing speculative property on gross yield rather than net cash flow, or relying on future refinancing to make a deal work, bets on assumptions that can fail; and building affordability on uncertain bonuses leaves you exposed if the bonus shrinks. Each of these treats debt as a solution to a problem debt cannot solve.\nWhat to do instead\nIf you recognize these signs, the answer is not more borrowing. Fix the budget so it is not structurally negative; do not use high-rate consumer credit to cover a mortgage or living shortfall; underwrite any investment on realistic net numbers rather than gross yield or hoped-for refinancing; and base affordability on stable base income, treating bonuses as a bonus. If the situation is already serious, get independent advice early — a lender, a public consultation service, or a professional — rather than borrowing again to postpone the reckoning.\nKey points to carry away: Borrowing to cover a recurring lifestyle deficit is a red flag; Refinancing one loan with another to stay afloat compounds the problem; Speculative property bought on gross yield or future refinancing is dangerous; Building affordability on uncertain bonuses is fragile. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/debt-warning-signs","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:loan-application-checklist:en","entityId":"guide:loan-application-checklist","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Preparing for a loan application","plainText":"Before applying, check your CIC/JICC credit records, inventory all your debts and revolving limits, gather income and tax documents, and time the application to avoid a cluster of inquiries and any recent job change or new debt.\nCredit records, debt inventory, documents, and application timing.\nCheck your CIC and JICC credit records for problems before applying.\nInventory all debts and revolving limits — even unused limits reduce headroom.\nGather income and tax documents consistent with what you will state.\nTime the application to avoid a cluster of inquiries and recent changes.\nRecords and debt inventory\nStart by checking your own credit records at CIC and JICC, especially if you have any doubt about a late payment, an identity match, or an old account — problems are easier to correct before you apply. Then inventory all your debts and revolving credit limits, because a lender counts them in your debt-service ratio and even an unused card-loan limit can reduce your borrowing headroom. Close unnecessary revolving credit where appropriate, and pay down balances that weigh on the ratio.\nDocuments and timing\nGather your income and tax documents — withholding slips, tax certificates, and returns for the self-employed — and make sure they are consistent with what you will state, because discrepancies between preapproval and final documents can cause a decline. Time the application to avoid a cluster of inquiries just before it (application inquiries are recorded, including six months at CIC), and avoid a recent job change or new borrowing, which weaken the file. The safest first step is a conservative budget, a credit check, and a few dated loan illustrations to compare.\nKey points to carry away: Check your CIC and JICC credit records for problems before applying; Inventory all debts and revolving limits — even unused limits reduce headroom; Gather income and tax documents consistent with what you will state; Time the application to avoid a cluster of inquiries and recent changes. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/loan-application-checklist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-check-own-credit","faq:loan-multiple-applications","faq:loan-after-decline"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:credit-records-japan","guide:debt-before-mortgage","guide:mortgage-document-checklist"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JICC","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Before applying, check your CIC/JICC credit records, inventory all your debts and revolving limits, gather income and tax documents, and time the application to avoid a cluster of inquiries and any recent job change or new debt.\nCredit records, debt inventory, documents, and application timing.\nCheck your CIC and JICC credit records for problems before applying.\nInventory all debts and revolving limits — even unused limits reduce headroom.\nGather income and tax documents consistent with what you will state.\nTime the application to avoid a cluster of inquiries and recent changes.\nRecords and debt inventory\nStart by checking your own credit records at CIC and JICC, especially if you have any doubt about a late payment, an identity match, or an old account — problems are easier to correct before you apply. Then inventory all your debts and revolving credit limits, because a lender counts them in your debt-service ratio and even an unused card-loan limit can reduce your borrowing headroom. Close unnecessary revolving credit where appropriate, and pay down balances that weigh on the ratio.\nDocuments and timing\nGather your income and tax documents — withholding slips, tax certificates, and returns for the self-employed — and make sure they are consistent with what you will state, because discrepancies between preapproval and final documents can cause a decline. Time the application to avoid a cluster of inquiries just before it (application inquiries are recorded, including six months at CIC), and avoid a recent job change or new borrowing, which weaken the file. The safest first step is a conservative budget, a credit check, and a few dated loan illustrations to compare.\nKey points to carry away: Check your CIC and JICC credit records for problems before applying; Inventory all debts and revolving limits — even unused limits reduce headroom; Gather income and tax documents consistent with what you will state; Time the application to avoid a cluster of inquiries and recent changes. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/loan-application-checklist","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:debt-before-mortgage:en","entityId":"guide:debt-before-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How loans affect mortgage eligibility","plainText":"Existing debts reduce the mortgage you can be approved for through the debt-service ratio, and even unused card limits, a car loan, revolving balances, and recent applications can all weigh against you — clean these up before applying.\nCard limits, car loans, revolving balances, new applications, and repayments.\nExisting debts reduce your approvable mortgage via the debt-service ratio.\nEven an unused card-loan limit can reduce your borrowing headroom.\nA car loan and revolving balances count against you.\nRecent applications and new debt weaken the file — clean up first.\nHow existing debts count\nA mortgage lender counts your existing debts in the debt-service ratio — annual scheduled repayments divided by qualifying income — so a car loan, revolving card-loan balances, and other obligations directly reduce the mortgage you can be approved for. Even an unused card-loan limit can reduce your headroom, because a lender may treat available credit as potential debt. The more of your capacity that is already committed, the less is left for the home loan.\nClean up before applying\nBefore applying for a mortgage, clean up your debt picture: pay down or close revolving balances, consider closing unnecessary card-loan limits, and avoid taking on a new car loan or other debt in the run-up. Avoid a cluster of new applications, because inquiries are recorded and can look like distress, and do not open new credit between preapproval and closing. The goal is to arrive at underwriting with a low debt-service ratio, clean credit records, and no recent changes that raise questions.\nKey points to carry away: Existing debts reduce your approvable mortgage via the debt-service ratio; Even an unused card-loan limit can reduce your borrowing headroom; A car loan and revolving balances count against you; Recent applications and new debt weaken the file — clean up first. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/debt-before-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage","faq:loan-multiple-applications","faq:loan-borrow-down-payment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:loan-application-checklist","guide:credit-records-japan","guide:debt-to-income-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JICC","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Existing debts reduce the mortgage you can be approved for through the debt-service ratio, and even unused card limits, a car loan, revolving balances, and recent applications can all weigh against you — clean these up before applying.\nCard limits, car loans, revolving balances, new applications, and repayments.\nExisting debts reduce your approvable mortgage via the debt-service ratio.\nEven an unused card-loan limit can reduce your borrowing headroom.\nA car loan and revolving balances count against you.\nRecent applications and new debt weaken the file — clean up first.\nHow existing debts count\nA mortgage lender counts your existing debts in the debt-service ratio — annual scheduled repayments divided by qualifying income — so a car loan, revolving card-loan balances, and other obligations directly reduce the mortgage you can be approved for. Even an unused card-loan limit can reduce your headroom, because a lender may treat available credit as potential debt. The more of your capacity that is already committed, the less is left for the home loan.\nClean up before applying\nBefore applying for a mortgage, clean up your debt picture: pay down or close revolving balances, consider closing unnecessary card-loan limits, and avoid taking on a new car loan or other debt in the run-up. Avoid a cluster of new applications, because inquiries are recorded and can look like distress, and do not open new credit between preapproval and closing. The goal is to arrive at underwriting with a low debt-service ratio, clean credit records, and no recent changes that raise questions.\nKey points to carry away: Existing debts reduce your approvable mortgage via the debt-service ratio; Even an unused card-loan limit can reduce your borrowing headroom; A car loan and revolving balances count against you; Recent applications and new debt weaken the file — clean up first. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/debt-before-mortgage","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-faq:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers the most common questions about getting and managing a mortgage in Japan.\nCommon questions on how Japanese mortgages work, rates, fees, approval, and repayment.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers the most common questions about getting and managing a mortgage in Japan. It gathers 22 of the most common questions on this topic — common questions on how japanese mortgages work, rates, fees, approval, and repayment — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-how-many-lenders","faq:loan-what-apr","faq:loan-total-cost","faq:loan-what-base-rate","faq:loan-what-preferential","faq:loan-discount-disappear","faq:loan-what-fixed","faq:loan-what-variable","faq:loan-what-collateral","faq:loan-what-guarantee-company","faq:loan-guarantee-erase-debt","faq:loan-what-amortization","faq:loan-level-principal-interest","faq:loan-level-principal","faq:loan-what-early-repayment","faq:loan-early-always-best","faq:loan-term-vs-payment-reduction","faq:loan-online-early-free","faq:loan-late-payment","faq:loan-borrow-maximum"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgages-japan","guide:borrowing-guide","guide:mortgage-rates","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"This hub answers the most common questions about getting and managing a mortgage in Japan.\nCommon questions on how Japanese mortgages work, rates, fees, approval, and repayment.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers the most common questions about getting and managing a mortgage in Japan. It gathers 22 of the most common questions on this topic — common questions on how japanese mortgages work, rates, fees, approval, and repayment — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreigner-mortgage-faq:en","entityId":"guide:foreigner-mortgage-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Foreign-resident mortgage FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers questions foreign residents most often ask about buying and financing property in Japan.\nQuestions on PR, non-PR routes, language, spouse, documents, and English support.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions foreign residents most often ask about buying and financing property in Japan. It gathers 11 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on pr, non-pr routes, language, spouse, documents, and english support — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/foreigner-mortgage-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-buy-foreigner","faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-pr-mandatory","faq:loan-pr-still-helpful","faq:loan-japanese-spouse","faq:loan-english-support","faq:loan-japanese-language","faq:loan-no-japanese-guarantor","faq:loan-overseas-income","faq:loan-income-documents","faq:loan-borrow-down-payment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:foreigner-mortgage-checker"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Suruga Bank","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"This hub answers questions foreign residents most often ask about buying and financing property in Japan.\nQuestions on PR, non-PR routes, language, spouse, documents, and English support.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions foreign residents most often ask about buying and financing property in Japan. It gathers 11 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on pr, non-pr routes, language, spouse, documents, and english support — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","url":"/en/loans/foreigner-mortgage-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-approval-faq:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-approval-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage approval and employment FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers questions about how lenders assess you and why approval can succeed or fail.\nQuestions on preapproval, final approval, employment type, credit records, and income documents.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about how lenders assess you and why approval can succeed or fail. It gathers 19 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on preapproval, final approval, employment type, credit records, and income documents — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-approval-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-preapproval","faq:loan-what-final-approval","faq:loan-approval-fail","faq:loan-preapproval-valid","faq:loan-preapproval-final","faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval","faq:loan-change-jobs","faq:loan-job-changer","faq:loan-probationary","faq:loan-contract-employee","faq:loan-sole-proprietor","faq:loan-years-income-history","faq:loan-bonus-income","faq:loan-credit-record","faq:loan-check-own-credit","faq:loan-multiple-applications","faq:loan-serious-records-remain","faq:loan-after-decline","faq:loan-income-documents"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:preapproval-final-approval","guide:employment-mortgage-approval","guide:credit-records-japan","guide:mortgage-income-documents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JICC","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"This hub answers questions about how lenders assess you and why approval can succeed or fail.\nQuestions on preapproval, final approval, employment type, credit records, and income documents.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about how lenders assess you and why approval can succeed or fail. It gathers 19 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on preapproval, final approval, employment type, credit records, and income documents — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-approval-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-rates-faq:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-rates-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Interest rate and repayment FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers questions about how rates are set, how they change, and how repayment works.\nQuestions on base and preferential rates, variable-rate rules, and repayment methods.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about how rates are set, how they change, and how repayment works. It gathers 20 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on base and preferential rates, variable-rate rules, and repayment methods — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-rates-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-base-rate","faq:loan-what-preferential","faq:loan-discount-disappear","faq:loan-what-fixed","faq:loan-what-variable","faq:loan-variable-change-frequency","faq:loan-five-year-rule","faq:loan-125-rule","faq:loan-all-variable-rules","faq:loan-unpaid-interest","faq:loan-variable-risky","faq:loan-rate-rise","faq:loan-fixed-risk-free","faq:loan-fixed-period","faq:loan-after-fixed-period","faq:loan-what-mixed","faq:loan-mixing-reduce-risk","faq:loan-what-amortization","faq:loan-level-principal-interest","faq:loan-level-principal"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:interest-rates","guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:five-year-125-percent-rule","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"This hub answers questions about how rates are set, how they change, and how repayment works.\nQuestions on base and preferential rates, variable-rate rules, and repayment methods.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about how rates are set, how they change, and how repayment works. It gathers 20 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on base and preferential rates, variable-rate rules, and repayment methods — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-rates-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35-faq:en","entityId":"guide:flat-35-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Flat 35 FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers the most common questions about the Flat 35 fully fixed-rate mortgage.\nQuestions on what Flat 35 is, eligibility, property standards, and the discount programs.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers the most common questions about the Flat 35 fully fixed-rate mortgage. It gathers 11 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on what flat 35 is, eligibility, property standards, and the discount programs — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/flat-35-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-flat35","faq:loan-flat35-government","faq:loan-flat35-always-35","faq:loan-flat35-same-everywhere","faq:loan-flat35-used-home","faq:loan-flat35-second-home","faq:loan-flat35-investment","faq:loan-what-flat35s","faq:loan-what-flat35-child","faq:loan-flat35-discounts-permanent","faq:loan-flat35-ratios"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:flat-35s","guide:flat-35-child-rearing-plus","guide:flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"This hub answers the most common questions about the Flat 35 fully fixed-rate mortgage.\nQuestions on what Flat 35 is, eligibility, property standards, and the discount programs.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers the most common questions about the Flat 35 fully fixed-rate mortgage. It gathers 11 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on what flat 35 is, eligibility, property standards, and the discount programs — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","url":"/en/loans/flat-35-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:buying-property-faq:en","entityId":"guide:buying-property-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property buying process FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers questions about the step-by-step process of buying property in Japan.\nQuestions on offers, contracts, deposits, financing clauses, closing, and cash needed.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about the step-by-step process of buying property in Japan. It gathers 14 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on offers, contracts, deposits, financing clauses, closing, and cash needed — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/buying-property-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-fees-outside-price","faq:loan-earnest-extra-cost","faq:loan-earnest-money-size","faq:loan-financing-clause","faq:loan-deposit-returned","faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval","faq:loan-brokerage-commission","faq:loan-developer-brokerage","faq:loan-judicial-scrivener","faq:loan-all-savings-down","faq:loan-how-much-down","faq:loan-zero-down-safe","faq:loan-records-keep"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:buying-property-japan","guide:property-buying-checklist","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:mortgage-financing-clause"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"This hub answers questions about the step-by-step process of buying property in Japan.\nQuestions on offers, contracts, deposits, financing clauses, closing, and cash needed.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about the step-by-step process of buying property in Japan. It gathers 14 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on offers, contracts, deposits, financing clauses, closing, and cash needed — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","url":"/en/loans/buying-property-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-inspection-faq:en","entityId":"guide:property-inspection-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property condition and inspection FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers questions about evaluating a property’s condition, legality, and risks.\nQuestions on inspections, defects, seismic standards, hazard maps, and property forms.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about evaluating a property’s condition, legality, and risks. It gathers 19 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on inspections, defects, seismic standards, hazard maps, and property forms — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-inspection-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-inspection","faq:loan-inspection-guarantee","faq:loan-who-selects-inspector","faq:loan-defect-insurance","faq:loan-new-seismic","faq:loan-avoid-pre-1981","faq:loan-hazard-map","faq:loan-outside-hazard-zone","faq:loan-what-freehold","faq:loan-what-leasehold","faq:loan-leasehold-bad","faq:loan-fixed-term-leasehold","faq:loan-non-rebuildable","faq:loan-mortgage-non-rebuildable","faq:loan-vacant-house","faq:loan-vacant-cheap-renovate","faq:loan-stigmatized","faq:loan-disclose-forever","faq:loan-condo-check"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:earthquake-standards","guide:hazard-maps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"This hub answers questions about evaluating a property’s condition, legality, and risks.\nQuestions on inspections, defects, seismic standards, hazard maps, and property forms.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about evaluating a property’s condition, legality, and risks. It gathers 19 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on inspections, defects, seismic standards, hazard maps, and property forms — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","url":"/en/loans/property-inspection-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-cost-tax-faq:en","entityId":"guide:property-cost-tax-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property fees and tax FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers questions about the fees and taxes of buying, owning, and selling property.\nQuestions on closing costs, registration, acquisition tax, fixed-asset tax, and the mortgage deduction.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about the fees and taxes of buying, owning, and selling property. It gathers 16 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on closing costs, registration, acquisition tax, fixed-asset tax, and the mortgage deduction — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-cost-tax-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fees-outside-price","faq:loan-registration-tax","faq:loan-acquisition-tax","faq:loan-fixed-asset-tax","faq:loan-city-planning-tax","faq:loan-prorate-fixed-asset","faq:loan-mortgage-tax-deduction","faq:loan-deduction-automatic","faq:loan-deduction-income-limit","faq:loan-file-first-year","faq:loan-selling-tax","faq:loan-sale-price-minus-purchase","faq:loan-30-million-deduction","faq:loan-inheritance-registration","faq:loan-spouses-5050","faq:loan-unequal-gift-tax"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-closing-costs","guide:fixed-asset-tax","guide:mortgage-tax-deduction","guide:property-capital-gains-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"This hub answers questions about the fees and taxes of buying, owning, and selling property.\nQuestions on closing costs, registration, acquisition tax, fixed-asset tax, and the mortgage deduction.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about the fees and taxes of buying, owning, and selling property. It gathers 16 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on closing costs, registration, acquisition tax, fixed-asset tax, and the mortgage deduction — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","url":"/en/loans/property-cost-tax-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:homeownership-faq:en","entityId":"guide:homeownership-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Homeownership, renting out and selling FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers questions about the ongoing duties and options of owning a home in Japan.\nQuestions on management fees, reserves, insurance, renting out, minpaku, and moving overseas.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about the ongoing duties and options of owning a home in Japan. It gathers 18 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on management fees, reserves, insurance, renting out, minpaku, and moving overseas — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/homeownership-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-fees","faq:loan-repair-reserve","faq:loan-reserve-rise","faq:loan-special-assessment","faq:loan-renovate-condo","faq:loan-replace-windows","faq:loan-pets","faq:loan-rent-out-mortgaged","faq:loan-airbnb-condo","faq:loan-180-days","faq:loan-move-overseas","faq:loan-leave-vacant","faq:loan-emergency-cash-owner","faq:loan-fire-insurance-mandatory","faq:loan-fire-earthquake-fire","faq:loan-earthquake-rebuild","faq:loan-condo-earthquake","faq:loan-bundle-insurance"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:homeownership-japan","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home","guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"This hub answers questions about the ongoing duties and options of owning a home in Japan.\nQuestions on management fees, reserves, insurance, renting out, minpaku, and moving overseas.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about the ongoing duties and options of owning a home in Japan. It gathers 18 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on management fees, reserves, insurance, renting out, minpaku, and moving overseas — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","url":"/en/loans/homeownership-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-investment-faq:en","entityId":"guide:property-investment-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property investment FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers questions about underwriting Japanese property as an investment.\nQuestions on yields, NOI, DSCR, occupancy misuse, and resale in Japanese property investment.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about underwriting Japanese property as an investment. It gathers 16 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on yields, noi, dscr, occupancy misuse, and resale in japanese property investment — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-investment-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-good-investment","faq:loan-tokyo-liquid","faq:loan-regional-yields","faq:loan-gross-yield","faq:loan-residential-for-investment","faq:loan-misstate-occupancy","faq:loan-what-apartment-loan","faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse","faq:loan-estimate-resale","faq:loan-homes-depreciate","faq:loan-station-distance","faq:loan-resale-difficult","faq:loan-rental-income-taxable","faq:loan-deduct-mortgage-from-rent","faq:loan-interest-deductible-rental","faq:loan-depreciation-cash"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:investment-property-loans","guide:home-vs-investment-property","guide:property-investment-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"This hub answers questions about underwriting Japanese property as an investment.\nQuestions on yields, NOI, DSCR, occupancy misuse, and resale in Japanese property investment.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about underwriting Japanese property as an investment. It gathers 16 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on yields, noi, dscr, occupancy misuse, and resale in japanese property investment — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","url":"/en/loans/property-investment-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:consumer-loan-faq:en","entityId":"guide:consumer-loan-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Consumer and card loan FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers questions about high-rate consumer credit and how it affects a mortgage.\nQuestions on consumer loans, bank card loans, the one-third rule, and mortgage impact.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about high-rate consumer credit and how it affects a mortgage. It gathers 8 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on consumer loans, bank card loans, the one-third rule, and mortgage impact — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/consumer-loan-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-bank-card-loan","faq:loan-card-loan-onethird","faq:loan-finance-company-covered","faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage","faq:loan-onethird-rule","faq:loan-borrow-down-payment","faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured","faq:loan-secure-consumer-spending"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumer-loans","guide:bank-card-loans","guide:consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","guide:debt-before-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"This hub answers questions about high-rate consumer credit and how it affects a mortgage.\nQuestions on consumer loans, bank card loans, the one-third rule, and mortgage impact.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about high-rate consumer credit and how it affects a mortgage. It gathers 8 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on consumer loans, bank card loans, the one-third rule, and mortgage impact — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","url":"/en/loans/consumer-loan-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:car-education-loan-faq:en","entityId":"guide:car-education-loan-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Car and education loan FAQ","plainText":"This hub answers questions about car finance and education loans in Japan.\nQuestions on bank vs dealer car finance, residual-value plans, and education loans.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about car finance and education loans in Japan. It gathers 6 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on bank vs dealer car finance, residual-value plans, and education loans — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/car-education-loan-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-auto-bank-loan","faq:loan-dealer-financing-cheaper","faq:loan-residual-value","faq:loan-what-education-loan","faq:loan-sole-proprietor-business","faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:car-loans","guide:education-loans","guide:bank-vs-dealer-car-loan","guide:sole-proprietor-business-loans"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"This hub answers questions about car finance and education loans in Japan.\nQuestions on bank vs dealer car finance, residual-value plans, and education loans.\nDirect answers to common questions, each linking to a detailed guide.\nAnswers reflect the higher-rate 2026 environment and verified sources.\nUse the linked guides and calculators for the full decision.\nEducational only — confirm material decisions with the relevant professional.\nAbout this FAQ hub\nThis hub answers questions about car finance and education loans in Japan. It gathers 6 of the most common questions on this topic — questions on bank vs dealer car finance, residual-value plans, and education loans — each with a short, direct answer and a link to the guide that covers it in full.\nThe answers reflect Japan’s higher-rate 2026 environment rather than the near-zero conditions of earlier years: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% in mid-2026, and several lenders pre-announced further increases, so the answers assume rates can rise. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures verified in 2026, not guaranteed offers, and only final underwriting and execution determine your actual rate.\nHow to use these answers\nTreat each answer as a starting point rather than a verdict. It summarises the general rule, but your own situation — residence status, income type, the specific property, and the lender — determines the outcome, and mortgage approval is both borrower-specific and property-specific. Follow the linked guides for the full decision, use the calculators to model your own numbers, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed real-estate broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant.\nFor any mortgage question, obtain a dated written quotation rather than relying on a headline rate or a comparison ranking: pricing changes monthly, discounts can depend on conditions you must maintain, and referral economics can influence which products a ranking features. Where a figure is not disclosed on a lender’s page — the effective all-fee cost, the real minimum income, or non-permanent-resident eligibility — treat it as requiring a direct quotation, not something to infer.","url":"/en/loans/car-education-loan-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-advertising-rates:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-advertising-rates","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How mortgage advertising can mislead","plainText":"A low advertised rate is usually the best case: it may require ≤80% LTV, assume the maximum discount, depend on account or service conditions, exclude insurance riders, or be replaced by a higher risk-priced rate after underwriting.\nHeadline rates, maximum discounts, service bundles, and underwriting additions.\nA headline rate often assumes the maximum discount and ≤80% LTV.\nDiscounts can depend on account or service conditions you must maintain.\nInsurance riders and term surcharges add to the real rate.\nUnderwriting can replace the teaser with a higher risk-priced rate.\nWhy the headline can mislead\nA low advertised rate is a best-case number. Unless expressly described as fixed for the whole term, it may change before disbursement, change after disbursement, require an 80% or lower loan-to-value ratio, include account or service conditions, exclude optional insurance riders, or be replaced with a higher \"guarantee-backed\" or risk-priced rate after underwriting. Advertising also emphasizes the nominal rate while stating fees separately, so the headline never reflects the all-in cost.\nWhat to do instead\nTreat every advertised rate as a starting point and get a dated written quotation with your actual LTV, term, discount margin, fees, insurance additions, and any service conditions. Reconcile a lender’s headline page with its detailed-course page, because they can differ. Then compare the all-in cost across lenders over your expected holding period, not the biggest advertised discount.\nKey points to carry away: A headline rate often assumes the maximum discount and ≤80% LTV; Discounts can depend on account or service conditions you must maintain; Insurance riders and term surcharges add to the real rate; Underwriting can replace the teaser with a higher risk-priced rate. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-advertising-rates","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-discount-disappear","faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:read-mortgage-quote","guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A low advertised rate is usually the best case: it may require ≤80% LTV, assume the maximum discount, depend on account or service conditions, exclude insurance riders, or be replaced by a higher risk-priced rate after underwriting.\nHeadline rates, maximum discounts, service bundles, and underwriting additions.\nA headline rate often assumes the maximum discount and ≤80% LTV.\nDiscounts can depend on account or service conditions you must maintain.\nInsurance riders and term surcharges add to the real rate.\nUnderwriting can replace the teaser with a higher risk-priced rate.\nWhy the headline can mislead\nA low advertised rate is a best-case number. Unless expressly described as fixed for the whole term, it may change before disbursement, change after disbursement, require an 80% or lower loan-to-value ratio, include account or service conditions, exclude optional insurance riders, or be replaced with a higher \"guarantee-backed\" or risk-priced rate after underwriting. Advertising also emphasizes the nominal rate while stating fees separately, so the headline never reflects the all-in cost.\nWhat to do instead\nTreat every advertised rate as a starting point and get a dated written quotation with your actual LTV, term, discount margin, fees, insurance additions, and any service conditions. Reconcile a lender’s headline page with its detailed-course page, because they can differ. Then compare the all-in cost across lenders over your expected holding period, not the biggest advertised discount.\nKey points to carry away: A headline rate often assumes the maximum discount and ≤80% LTV; Discounts can depend on account or service conditions you must maintain; Insurance riders and term surcharges add to the real rate; Underwriting can replace the teaser with a higher risk-priced rate. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-advertising-rates","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:read-mortgage-quote:en","entityId":"guide:read-mortgage-quote","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to read a mortgage quote","plainText":"A useful quote states the execution-month rate, the base rate and permanent discount margin, the origination and guarantee fees, insurance additions, any LTV and term surcharges, and the execution date and validity — read all of these, not just the rate.\nRate, discount margin, fees, insurance, term surcharge, and execution date.\nCheck the execution-month rate and whether the discount margin is permanent.\nRead the origination and guarantee fees and insurance additions.\nNote any LTV and term surcharges and the execution date and validity.\nAsk for the fields the report flags as requiring a direct dated quotation.\nThe fields to read\nAsk each lender for a dated document showing: the execution-month rate; the base/reference rate and the permanent discount margin; any LTV surcharge, term surcharge, and post-fixed-period margin; the rate-reset timing and five-year/125% treatment; the origination fee, guarantee fee, appraisal fee, registration estimate, and early-repayment fee; the standard life insurance and any cancer/critical-illness or pair-loan additions; and the process details — preapproval and final-approval documents, decision time, validity period, rate-lock rules, online or branch execution, English support, and any required bank/service bundles. These are exactly the fields to compare across lenders.\nFields that require a direct quotation\nSome fields cannot be read off an advertisement and require a direct dated quotation: the effective all-fee APR, the real minimum income, the employment-history minimum, non-PR eligibility, the appraisal methodology, and the actual obtainable rate — which only final underwriting and execution determine. Treat these as \"quotation required,\" not inferred, and do not rely on search snippets or old pages for a current rate.\nKey points to carry away: Check the execution-month rate and whether the discount margin is permanent; Read the origination and guarantee fees and insurance additions; Note any LTV and term surcharges and the execution date and validity; Ask for the fields the report flags as requiring a direct dated quotation. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/read-mortgage-quote","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-total-cost"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-advertising-rates","guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A useful quote states the execution-month rate, the base rate and permanent discount margin, the origination and guarantee fees, insurance additions, any LTV and term surcharges, and the execution date and validity — read all of these, not just the rate.\nRate, discount margin, fees, insurance, term surcharge, and execution date.\nCheck the execution-month rate and whether the discount margin is permanent.\nRead the origination and guarantee fees and insurance additions.\nNote any LTV and term surcharges and the execution date and validity.\nAsk for the fields the report flags as requiring a direct dated quotation.\nThe fields to read\nAsk each lender for a dated document showing: the execution-month rate; the base/reference rate and the permanent discount margin; any LTV surcharge, term surcharge, and post-fixed-period margin; the rate-reset timing and five-year/125% treatment; the origination fee, guarantee fee, appraisal fee, registration estimate, and early-repayment fee; the standard life insurance and any cancer/critical-illness or pair-loan additions; and the process details — preapproval and final-approval documents, decision time, validity period, rate-lock rules, online or branch execution, English support, and any required bank/service bundles. These are exactly the fields to compare across lenders.\nFields that require a direct quotation\nSome fields cannot be read off an advertisement and require a direct dated quotation: the effective all-fee APR, the real minimum income, the employment-history minimum, non-PR eligibility, the appraisal methodology, and the actual obtainable rate — which only final underwriting and execution determine. Treat these as \"quotation required,\" not inferred, and do not rely on search snippets or old pages for a current rate.\nKey points to carry away: Check the execution-month rate and whether the discount margin is permanent; Read the origination and guarantee fees and insurance additions; Note any LTV and term surcharges and the execution date and validity; Ask for the fields the report flags as requiring a direct dated quotation. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/read-mortgage-quote","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compare-property-listings:en","entityId":"guide:compare-property-listings","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to compare property listings","plainText":"Compare listings on price per square meter, land share, management and reserve quality, building age, location and station distance, and legal status (rebuildability, leasehold, hazards) — not just the headline price and photos.\nPrice per square meter, land share, management, age, location, and legal status.\nCompare price per square meter and the land share, not just the total price.\nWeigh management and reserve quality for a condominium.\nFactor building age, location, and station distance into value.\nCheck legal status — rebuildability, leasehold, and hazard exposure.\nNormalize before you compare\nTwo listings at the same price can be very different. Normalize them: compute price per square meter, note the land share (which drives long-run value), and for a condominium weigh the management and reserve quality against a cheap-looking fee. Factor in building age, location, and station distance, and verify the asking price against transaction comparables from MLIT’s library and REINS rather than trusting the listing’s number.\nCheck legal status\nA low price often reflects a legal or physical constraint. Check the legal status of each listing: whether the property is rebuildable and has adequate road frontage, whether it is freehold or leasehold (and if leasehold, the type and remaining term), and its hazard exposure. A cheaper listing that is non-rebuildable, leasehold with a short term, or in a high-hazard zone is not comparable to a conventional freehold property at a higher price — the difference is in the constraints, not just the number.\nKey points to carry away: Compare price per square meter and the land share, not just the total price; Weigh management and reserve quality for a condominium; Factor building age, location, and station distance into value; Check legal status — rebuildability, leasehold, and hazard exposure. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/compare-property-listings","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-estimate-resale","faq:loan-station-distance","faq:loan-non-rebuildable"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:finding-property","guide:property-resale-value","guide:evaluating-condominium"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Compare listings on price per square meter, land share, management and reserve quality, building age, location and station distance, and legal status (rebuildability, leasehold, hazards) — not just the headline price and photos.\nPrice per square meter, land share, management, age, location, and legal status.\nCompare price per square meter and the land share, not just the total price.\nWeigh management and reserve quality for a condominium.\nFactor building age, location, and station distance into value.\nCheck legal status — rebuildability, leasehold, and hazard exposure.\nNormalize before you compare\nTwo listings at the same price can be very different. Normalize them: compute price per square meter, note the land share (which drives long-run value), and for a condominium weigh the management and reserve quality against a cheap-looking fee. Factor in building age, location, and station distance, and verify the asking price against transaction comparables from MLIT’s library and REINS rather than trusting the listing’s number.\nCheck legal status\nA low price often reflects a legal or physical constraint. Check the legal status of each listing: whether the property is rebuildable and has adequate road frontage, whether it is freehold or leasehold (and if leasehold, the type and remaining term), and its hazard exposure. A cheaper listing that is non-rebuildable, leasehold with a short term, or in a high-hazard zone is not comparable to a conventional freehold property at a higher price — the difference is in the constraints, not just the number.\nKey points to carry away: Compare price per square meter and the land share, not just the total price; Weigh management and reserve quality for a condominium; Factor building age, location, and station distance into value; Check legal status — rebuildability, leasehold, and hazard exposure. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/compare-property-listings","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:research-status:en","entityId":"guide:research-status","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Missing mortgage and property data","plainText":"Several lender fields cannot be frozen in a static guide because rates and campaigns change monthly and some official pages are dynamic — these are marked \"direct dated quotation required,\" not inferred.\nUnconfirmed lender fields, stale data, and the current research queue.\nRates and campaigns change monthly, even between application and execution.\nSome official lender pages are dynamic and did not expose all fields on Aug 1, 2026.\nUnconfirmed fields are flagged, not inferred.\nThis page tracks what still requires a direct quotation.\nWhy some fields cannot be fixed\nA genuinely exhaustive product-level directory cannot be frozen in a static guide, because rates and campaigns change monthly or even between application and execution. Several official lender pages are dynamic and did not expose all numeric fields in retrievable text on August 1, 2026. Those fields are marked \"direct dated quotation required,\" not inferred — for example, PayPay Bank’s base rate and SBI Shinsei’s current August offer were not reliably retrievable, and the official JHF page still displayed July on August 1 while provider pages showed the updated 3.29% market rate.\nThe principal open fields\nThe principal missing or non-standardized fields are: an effective all-fee APR for every lender; a universal approval time; the real minimum income; the employment-history minimum; non-PR eligibility for every bank; appraisal methodology; a guaranteed obtainable rate; English-support quality; a nationwide regional-bank and credit-union comparison; investment-loan rates; reverse-mortgage recourse and heirs’ treatment; brokerage/agent conflicts; and renovation and inspection prices. For each of these, obtain a direct dated quotation for your specific case rather than relying on a general figure.\nKey points to carry away: Rates and campaigns change monthly, even between application and execution; Some official lender pages are dynamic and did not expose all fields on Aug 1, 2026; Unconfirmed fields are flagged, not inferred; This page tracks what still requires a direct quotation. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/research-status","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-rate-history","guide:read-mortgage-quote","guide:mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Bank","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/mortgage/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/powersmart/homeloan/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Several lender fields cannot be frozen in a static guide because rates and campaigns change monthly and some official pages are dynamic — these are marked \"direct dated quotation required,\" not inferred.\nUnconfirmed lender fields, stale data, and the current research queue.\nRates and campaigns change monthly, even between application and execution.\nSome official lender pages are dynamic and did not expose all fields on Aug 1, 2026.\nUnconfirmed fields are flagged, not inferred.\nThis page tracks what still requires a direct quotation.\nWhy some fields cannot be fixed\nA genuinely exhaustive product-level directory cannot be frozen in a static guide, because rates and campaigns change monthly or even between application and execution. Several official lender pages are dynamic and did not expose all numeric fields in retrievable text on August 1, 2026. Those fields are marked \"direct dated quotation required,\" not inferred — for example, PayPay Bank’s base rate and SBI Shinsei’s current August offer were not reliably retrievable, and the official JHF page still displayed July on August 1 while provider pages showed the updated 3.29% market rate.\nThe principal open fields\nThe principal missing or non-standardized fields are: an effective all-fee APR for every lender; a universal approval time; the real minimum income; the employment-history minimum; non-PR eligibility for every bank; appraisal methodology; a guaranteed obtainable rate; English-support quality; a nationwide regional-bank and credit-union comparison; investment-loan rates; reverse-mortgage recourse and heirs’ treatment; brokerage/agent conflicts; and renovation and inspection prices. For each of these, obtain a direct dated quotation for your specific case rather than relying on a general figure.\nKey points to carry away: Rates and campaigns change monthly, even between application and execution; Some official lender pages are dynamic and did not expose all fields on Aug 1, 2026; Unconfirmed fields are flagged, not inferred; This page tracks what still requires a direct quotation. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/research-status","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-rate-history:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-rate-history","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage rate verification and change history","plainText":"Rates are recorded with their verification date because they change monthly; as of August 1, 2026 the BoJ guideline was around 1.0%, standard Flat 35 was about 3.29% for 21–35 years, and several lenders had pre-announced further increases.\nCurrent and historical dated records, effective dates, and lender announcements.\nRates are recorded with a verification date and effective month.\nAs of Aug 1, 2026: BoJ guideline ~1.0%, standard Flat 35 ~3.29% for 21–35 years.\nMizuho pre-announced 1.275%+ variable from January 2027; PayPay raised long-term surcharges from September 2026.\nAlways confirm the current rate at application and execution.\nWhy rates are dated\nMortgage rates are recorded with the date they were verified because they change monthly, and sometimes between application and execution. As of August 1, 2026 (Japan Standard Time), the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% after its June 2026 decision, the average uncollateralized overnight call rate was roughly 0.977% at the end of July, standard Flat 35 was about 3.29% for 21–35 years at providers (the official JHF page still showed July’s 3.14% on August 1), and major lenders had announced or implemented higher prime rates.\nPre-announced changes\nSome lenders publish future changes, which are the most useful figures for planning. Mizuho showed new variable borrowing from about 1.025% with a warning that 1.275% or more would apply from January 2027; Resona announced prime-rate changes for October 2026 affecting certain repayments from January 2027; and PayPay Bank’s long-term surcharge for terms over 35 years rises for executions from September 1, 2026. Model the announced future payment, not only today’s rate, and always confirm the current rate in a dated quotation at application and execution.\nKey points to carry away: Rates are recorded with a verification date and effective month; As of Aug 1, 2026: BoJ guideline ~1.0%, standard Flat 35 ~3.29% for 21–35 years; Mizuho pre-announced 1.275%+ variable from January 2027; PayPay raised long-term surcharges from September 2026; Always confirm the current rate at application and execution. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-rate-history","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-rate-rise","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-rates","guide:research-status","guide:mortgage-advertising-rates"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/statistics/market/short/mutan/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Rates are recorded with their verification date because they change monthly; as of August 1, 2026 the BoJ guideline was around 1.0%, standard Flat 35 was about 3.29% for 21–35 years, and several lenders had pre-announced further increases.\nCurrent and historical dated records, effective dates, and lender announcements.\nRates are recorded with a verification date and effective month.\nAs of Aug 1, 2026: BoJ guideline ~1.0%, standard Flat 35 ~3.29% for 21–35 years.\nMizuho pre-announced 1.275%+ variable from January 2027; PayPay raised long-term surcharges from September 2026.\nAlways confirm the current rate at application and execution.\nWhy rates are dated\nMortgage rates are recorded with the date they were verified because they change monthly, and sometimes between application and execution. As of August 1, 2026 (Japan Standard Time), the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% after its June 2026 decision, the average uncollateralized overnight call rate was roughly 0.977% at the end of July, standard Flat 35 was about 3.29% for 21–35 years at providers (the official JHF page still showed July’s 3.14% on August 1), and major lenders had announced or implemented higher prime rates.\nPre-announced changes\nSome lenders publish future changes, which are the most useful figures for planning. Mizuho showed new variable borrowing from about 1.025% with a warning that 1.275% or more would apply from January 2027; Resona announced prime-rate changes for October 2026 affecting certain repayments from January 2027; and PayPay Bank’s long-term surcharge for terms over 35 years rises for executions from September 1, 2026. Model the announced future payment, not only today’s rate, and always confirm the current rate in a dated quotation at application and execution.\nKey points to carry away: Rates are recorded with a verification date and effective month; As of Aug 1, 2026: BoJ guideline ~1.0%, standard Flat 35 ~3.29% for 21–35 years; Mizuho pre-announced 1.275%+ variable from January 2027; PayPay raised long-term surcharges from September 2026; Always confirm the current rate at application and execution. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-rate-history","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compare-mortgages-methodology:en","entityId":"guide:compare-mortgages-methodology","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How we compare Japanese mortgages","plainText":"We compare mortgages on the same execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period; separate advertised rates from realistic underwriting outcomes; normalize fees into an all-in cost; and flag fields that require a direct dated quotation rather than inferring them.\nRate treatment, fee normalization, effective dates, eligibility, and unknown fields.\nCompare on the same execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period.\nSeparate advertised rates from realistic underwriting outcomes.\nNormalize origination, guarantee, and insurance costs into an all-in figure.\nFlag unknown fields as \"quotation required\" rather than inferring them.\nThe comparison method\nTo compare mortgages fairly, we hold the variables constant: the same execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period across every lender. We separate advertised execution rates from realistic underwriting outcomes, because a headline rate assumes the maximum discount and a favorable LTV. We normalize the origination fee (frequently 2.20%), guarantee fee, appraisal, registration, and insurance additions into an all-in internal cost over the holding period — a 2.20% fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short hold.\nHow we handle unknown fields\nSome fields cannot be standardized from public pages — the effective all-fee APR, real minimum income, employment-history minimum, non-PR eligibility, appraisal methodology, and the actual obtainable rate. We flag these as requiring a direct dated quotation rather than inferring a number, and we record every rate with its verification date because pricing changes monthly. Where a lender’s page is dynamic or still showed a prior month, we say so rather than presenting a stale figure as current.\nKey points to carry away: Compare on the same execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period; Separate advertised rates from realistic underwriting outcomes; Normalize origination, guarantee, and insurance costs into an all-in figure; Flag unknown fields as \"quotation required\" rather than inferring them. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/compare-mortgages-methodology","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-how-many-lenders","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:read-mortgage-quote","guide:mortgage-rate-history"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"We compare mortgages on the same execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period; separate advertised rates from realistic underwriting outcomes; normalize fees into an all-in cost; and flag fields that require a direct dated quotation rather than inferring them.\nRate treatment, fee normalization, effective dates, eligibility, and unknown fields.\nCompare on the same execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period.\nSeparate advertised rates from realistic underwriting outcomes.\nNormalize origination, guarantee, and insurance costs into an all-in figure.\nFlag unknown fields as \"quotation required\" rather than inferring them.\nThe comparison method\nTo compare mortgages fairly, we hold the variables constant: the same execution date, loan-to-value band, term, insurance, and expected holding period across every lender. We separate advertised execution rates from realistic underwriting outcomes, because a headline rate assumes the maximum discount and a favorable LTV. We normalize the origination fee (frequently 2.20%), guarantee fee, appraisal, registration, and insurance additions into an all-in internal cost over the holding period — a 2.20% fee on a ¥50 million loan is ¥1.10 million before other costs, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short hold.\nHow we handle unknown fields\nSome fields cannot be standardized from public pages — the effective all-fee APR, real minimum income, employment-history minimum, non-PR eligibility, appraisal methodology, and the actual obtainable rate. We flag these as requiring a direct dated quotation rather than inferring a number, and we record every rate with its verification date because pricing changes monthly. Where a lender’s page is dynamic or still showed a prior month, we say so rather than presenting a stale figure as current.\nKey points to carry away: Compare on the same execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period; Separate advertised rates from realistic underwriting outcomes; Normalize origination, guarantee, and insurance costs into an all-in figure; Flag unknown fields as \"quotation required\" rather than inferring them. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/compare-mortgages-methodology","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-portals:en","entityId":"guide:property-portals","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property portals in Japan","plainText":"Property portals (SUUMO, at home, HOME’S, Yahoo! Real Estate, Nifty Real Estate, Real Estate Japan) are advertising and discovery tools — usually free to consumers, paid by advertisers, with common duplicate and stale listings.\nCoverage, listing types, language, cost, freshness, and the advertiser model.\nUsually free to consumers; paid by advertisers or referral partners.\nListings may be duplicated, stale, or optimized for lead generation.\nA portal is discovery, not title, legal, building, or financial diligence.\nLanguage and English support vary by portal.\nOverview\nProperty portals aggregate listings from many brokers, which makes them the natural starting point for a search but also the source of duplicate and stale listings. They are advertising platforms: brokers pay to list, and the ranking often favors lead generation, so a prominent listing is not necessarily the best or the freshest. Use portals to understand the market and identify candidates, then move to proper diligence on the specific property.\nFees and conflicts to check\nA portal is free to you because advertisers pay; verify title, legality, condition, and price independently, and treat duplicate listings as normal.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Usually free to consumers; paid by advertisers or referral partners; Listings may be duplicated, stale, or optimized for lead generation; A portal is discovery, not title, legal, building, or financial diligence; Language and English support vary by portal.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-portals","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:finding-property","guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","guide:suumo-portal","guide:lifull-homes-portal"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Property portals (SUUMO, at home, HOME’S, Yahoo! Real Estate, Nifty Real Estate, Real Estate Japan) are advertising and discovery tools — usually free to consumers, paid by advertisers, with common duplicate and stale listings.\nCoverage, listing types, language, cost, freshness, and the advertiser model.\nUsually free to consumers; paid by advertisers or referral partners.\nListings may be duplicated, stale, or optimized for lead generation.\nA portal is discovery, not title, legal, building, or financial diligence.\nLanguage and English support vary by portal.\nOverview\nProperty portals aggregate listings from many brokers, which makes them the natural starting point for a search but also the source of duplicate and stale listings. They are advertising platforms: brokers pay to list, and the ranking often favors lead generation, so a prominent listing is not necessarily the best or the freshest. Use portals to understand the market and identify candidates, then move to proper diligence on the specific property.\nFees and conflicts to check\nA portal is free to you because advertisers pay; verify title, legality, condition, and price independently, and treat duplicate listings as normal.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Usually free to consumers; paid by advertisers or referral partners; Listings may be duplicated, stale, or optimized for lead generation; A portal is discovery, not title, legal, building, or financial diligence; Language and English support vary by portal.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","url":"/en/loans/property-portals","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:real-estate-brokerages:en","entityId":"guide:real-estate-brokerages","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Real-estate brokerages","plainText":"Brokerages (Mitsui Rehouse, Sumitomo Real Estate Sales, Tokyu Livable, Nomura, Mitsubishi Estate House Net, Century 21 members) are usually commission-based; ask who they represent and verify the license.\nGeography, buyer/seller service, fees, language, and licensing.\nUsually commission-based, subject to a statutory maximum.\nThe listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller.\nAsk whether dual agency or direct dealing exists.\nVerify the license and any administrative actions before paying.\nOverview\nMajor brokerages operate nationwide or regionally and handle both buyer and seller sides. They are usually commission-based, and the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller, so their incentives are not automatically aligned with a buyer’s. A large brand does not remove the conflict — it makes verifying representation and the fee more important, not less.\nFees and conflicts to check\nAsk who the broker represents and whether dual agency exists; a brand name does not remove the seller-side conflict.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Usually commission-based, subject to a statutory maximum; The listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller; Ask whether dual agency or direct dealing exists; Verify the license and any administrative actions before paying.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/real-estate-brokerages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:real-estate-agents-japan","guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees","guide:mitsui-rehouse-profile","guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Brokerages (Mitsui Rehouse, Sumitomo Real Estate Sales, Tokyu Livable, Nomura, Mitsubishi Estate House Net, Century 21 members) are usually commission-based; ask who they represent and verify the license.\nGeography, buyer/seller service, fees, language, and licensing.\nUsually commission-based, subject to a statutory maximum.\nThe listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller.\nAsk whether dual agency or direct dealing exists.\nVerify the license and any administrative actions before paying.\nOverview\nMajor brokerages operate nationwide or regionally and handle both buyer and seller sides. They are usually commission-based, and the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller, so their incentives are not automatically aligned with a buyer’s. A large brand does not remove the conflict — it makes verifying representation and the fee more important, not less.\nFees and conflicts to check\nAsk who the broker represents and whether dual agency exists; a brand name does not remove the seller-side conflict.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Usually commission-based, subject to a statutory maximum; The listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller; Ask whether dual agency or direct dealing exists; Verify the license and any administrative actions before paying.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","url":"/en/loans/real-estate-brokerages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate:en","entityId":"guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Foreign-friendly real-estate agencies","plainText":"Foreign-friendly agencies (PLAZA HOMES, Ken Corporation, Housing Japan, E-Housing, Japan Property Central, Tokyo Portfolio) vary widely — some are brokers, some media/referral businesses; verify which, and whether advice is independent.\nLanguage, geographic coverage, mortgage help, buyer representation, and fees.\nLanguage support varies by city and transaction.\nSome are brokers, some are media or referral businesses.\nAn English website does not mean independent buyer representation.\nVerify license, fee, lender relationship, and whether advice is independent.\nOverview\nForeign-friendly agencies advertise language support, but the category mixes genuine brokers with media and referral businesses. Language support also varies by city and transaction — an English marketing page, an interpreter, and full English contracting are different services. Verify the license, the fee, any lender relationship, and whether the advice is independent before relying on it.\nFees and conflicts to check\nDo not assume \"English website\" means independent buyer representation; state whether the company is a broker, portal, referral, or media business.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Language support varies by city and transaction; Some are brokers, some are media or referral businesses; An English website does not mean independent buyer representation; Verify license, fee, lender relationship, and whether advice is independent.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/foreign-friendly-real-estate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:plaza-homes-profile","guide:buyers-agents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Foreign-friendly agencies (PLAZA HOMES, Ken Corporation, Housing Japan, E-Housing, Japan Property Central, Tokyo Portfolio) vary widely — some are brokers, some media/referral businesses; verify which, and whether advice is independent.\nLanguage, geographic coverage, mortgage help, buyer representation, and fees.\nLanguage support varies by city and transaction.\nSome are brokers, some are media or referral businesses.\nAn English website does not mean independent buyer representation.\nVerify license, fee, lender relationship, and whether advice is independent.\nOverview\nForeign-friendly agencies advertise language support, but the category mixes genuine brokers with media and referral businesses. Language support also varies by city and transaction — an English marketing page, an interpreter, and full English contracting are different services. Verify the license, the fee, any lender relationship, and whether the advice is independent before relying on it.\nFees and conflicts to check\nDo not assume \"English website\" means independent buyer representation; state whether the company is a broker, portal, referral, or media business.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Language support varies by city and transaction; Some are brokers, some are media or referral businesses; An English website does not mean independent buyer representation; Verify license, fee, lender relationship, and whether advice is independent.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","url":"/en/loans/foreign-friendly-real-estate","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:buyers-agents:en","entityId":"guide:buyers-agents","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Buyer’s agents in Japan","plainText":"A buyer’s agent represents you in the search, negotiation, and diligence — valuable when properly incentivized, but confirm how they are compensated and whether they are truly independent of the seller.\nRepresentation, compensation, search, negotiation, diligence, and conflicts.\nProvides search, negotiation, and diligence representation.\nConfirm how the agent is compensated (buyer-paid or lender/seller-paid).\nA properly incentivized professional adds judgment a portal cannot.\nAsk whether they act for both sides or have a direct interest in the sale.\nOverview\nA buyer’s agent is meant to represent your interests specifically — searching, negotiating, and running diligence on your behalf. The value depends on incentives: an agent paid by you, independent of the seller, can provide genuine judgment, while one whose compensation depends on the sale closing may not. Use a portal for discovery and a properly incentivized professional for judgment.\nFees and conflicts to check\nConfirm how the buyer’s agent is paid; representation is only as good as the incentive behind it.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Provides search, negotiation, and diligence representation; Confirm how the agent is compensated (buyer-paid or lender/seller-paid); A properly incentivized professional adds judgment a portal cannot; Ask whether they act for both sides or have a direct interest in the sale.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/buyers-agents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","guide:real-estate-agents-japan","guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"A buyer’s agent represents you in the search, negotiation, and diligence — valuable when properly incentivized, but confirm how they are compensated and whether they are truly independent of the seller.\nRepresentation, compensation, search, negotiation, diligence, and conflicts.\nProvides search, negotiation, and diligence representation.\nConfirm how the agent is compensated (buyer-paid or lender/seller-paid).\nA properly incentivized professional adds judgment a portal cannot.\nAsk whether they act for both sides or have a direct interest in the sale.\nOverview\nA buyer’s agent is meant to represent your interests specifically — searching, negotiating, and running diligence on your behalf. The value depends on incentives: an agent paid by you, independent of the seller, can provide genuine judgment, while one whose compensation depends on the sale closing may not. Use a portal for discovery and a properly incentivized professional for judgment.\nFees and conflicts to check\nConfirm how the buyer’s agent is paid; representation is only as good as the incentive behind it.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Provides search, negotiation, and diligence representation; Confirm how the agent is compensated (buyer-paid or lender/seller-paid); A properly incentivized professional adds judgment a portal cannot; Ask whether they act for both sides or have a direct interest in the sale.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","url":"/en/loans/buyers-agents","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-comparison-services:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-comparison-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage brokers and comparison services","plainText":"Mortgage comparison services (Kakaku.com, Mogecheck, bank comparison portals, Flat 35 lender search) are often free to the borrower and paid by referral — rankings may favor participating products, so ask which lenders are excluded.\nParticipating lenders, referral payment, application support, and exclusions.\nOften free to the borrower and paid by referral or lender marketing.\nRankings may favor participating products.\nAsk which lenders are excluded from the comparison.\nUse as a lead source, not independent advice.\nOverview\nComparison services and mortgage brokers can save time by aggregating rates and supporting the application, but they are usually paid by referral or lender marketing, so the ranking may favor participating products and exclude others. Ask which lenders are not included, and treat a ranking as a lead source rather than independent advice — then verify the actual offer with a dated quotation.\nFees and conflicts to check\nRankings may favor participating lenders and exclude others; ask which are excluded and verify with a dated quotation.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Often free to the borrower and paid by referral or lender marketing; Rankings may favor participating products; Ask which lenders are excluded from the comparison; Use as a lead source, not independent advice.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-comparison-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:mortgage-lenders","guide:kakaku-mortgage-profile","guide:mogecheck-profile"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Mortgage comparison services (Kakaku.com, Mogecheck, bank comparison portals, Flat 35 lender search) are often free to the borrower and paid by referral — rankings may favor participating products, so ask which lenders are excluded.\nParticipating lenders, referral payment, application support, and exclusions.\nOften free to the borrower and paid by referral or lender marketing.\nRankings may favor participating products.\nAsk which lenders are excluded from the comparison.\nUse as a lead source, not independent advice.\nOverview\nComparison services and mortgage brokers can save time by aggregating rates and supporting the application, but they are usually paid by referral or lender marketing, so the ranking may favor participating products and exclude others. Ask which lenders are not included, and treat a ranking as a lead source rather than independent advice — then verify the actual offer with a dated quotation.\nFees and conflicts to check\nRankings may favor participating lenders and exclude others; ask which are excluded and verify with a dated quotation.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Often free to the borrower and paid by referral or lender marketing; Rankings may favor participating products; Ask which lenders are excluded from the comparison; Use as a lead source, not independent advice.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-comparison-services","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-valuation-services:en","entityId":"guide:property-valuation-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property valuation services","plainText":"Valuation ranges from free AI estimates and broker appraisals (often free because the provider seeks the listing) to paid, more defensible formal appraisals by licensed appraisers — choose by purpose.\nAI estimate, broker appraisal, formal appraisal, price, and purpose.\nAI estimates and broker appraisals are often free but less rigorous.\nBroker estimates can be free because the provider seeks the listing.\nFormal appraisals by licensed appraisers are paid and more defensible.\nChoose the valuation type by the purpose (listing, dispute, tax, finance).\nOverview\nValuation comes in tiers. AI estimates and broker appraisals are quick and often free — but a broker estimate can be free precisely because the provider wants your listing, which is a conflict. Formal appraisals by licensed real-estate appraisers are paid and more defensible, though still judgment-based. Match the tool to the purpose, and remember MLIT comparables and REINS data let you sanity-check any estimate.\nFees and conflicts to check\nA free broker valuation may be a bid for your listing; use MLIT comparables to sanity-check any estimate.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: AI estimates and broker appraisals are often free but less rigorous; Broker estimates can be free because the provider seeks the listing; Formal appraisals by licensed appraisers are paid and more defensible; Choose the valuation type by the purpose (listing, dispute, tax, finance).\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-valuation-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-resale-value","guide:compare-property-listings","guide:official-property-data"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Valuation ranges from free AI estimates and broker appraisals (often free because the provider seeks the listing) to paid, more defensible formal appraisals by licensed appraisers — choose by purpose.\nAI estimate, broker appraisal, formal appraisal, price, and purpose.\nAI estimates and broker appraisals are often free but less rigorous.\nBroker estimates can be free because the provider seeks the listing.\nFormal appraisals by licensed appraisers are paid and more defensible.\nChoose the valuation type by the purpose (listing, dispute, tax, finance).\nOverview\nValuation comes in tiers. AI estimates and broker appraisals are quick and often free — but a broker estimate can be free precisely because the provider wants your listing, which is a conflict. Formal appraisals by licensed real-estate appraisers are paid and more defensible, though still judgment-based. Match the tool to the purpose, and remember MLIT comparables and REINS data let you sanity-check any estimate.\nFees and conflicts to check\nA free broker valuation may be a bid for your listing; use MLIT comparables to sanity-check any estimate.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: AI estimates and broker appraisals are often free but less rigorous; Broker estimates can be free because the provider seeks the listing; Formal appraisals by licensed appraisers are paid and more defensible; Choose the valuation type by the purpose (listing, dispute, tax, finance).\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","url":"/en/loans/property-valuation-services","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:home-inspection-services:en","entityId":"guide:home-inspection-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Home inspection services","plainText":"Home inspectors (registered existing-home condition inspectors, architects, warranty-insurance inspectors) charge a buyer-paid fee; prefer one independent of the seller and the renovation contractor.\nQualifications, inspection scope, price model, independence, and report.\nQualified inspectors examine visible and measurable deterioration.\nBuyer-paid fixed fee or property-size fee.\nPrefer independence from the seller and renovation contractor.\nAn inspection does not guarantee no hidden defects.\nOverview\nInspection services range from registered existing-home condition inspectors to architects and warranty-insurance inspectors. Fees are buyer-paid, either fixed or based on property size. The most important choice is independence: an inspector chosen by you, independent of the seller and any renovation contractor, gives a report not shaped by an interest in closing the sale or selling repair work. No inspection guarantees there are no hidden defects.\nFees and conflicts to check\nPrefer an inspector independent of the seller and renovation contractor; independence is more important than a low fee.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Qualified inspectors examine visible and measurable deterioration; Buyer-paid fixed fee or property-size fee; Prefer independence from the seller and renovation contractor; An inspection does not guarantee no hidden defects.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.\nKey points to carry away: Qualified inspectors examine visible and measurable deterioration; Buyer-paid fixed fee or property-size fee; Prefer independence from the seller and renovation contractor; An inspection does not guarantee no hidden defects. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/home-inspection-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-inspections","guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:property-defects-warranties"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Home inspectors (registered existing-home condition inspectors, architects, warranty-insurance inspectors) charge a buyer-paid fee; prefer one independent of the seller and the renovation contractor.\nQualifications, inspection scope, price model, independence, and report.\nQualified inspectors examine visible and measurable deterioration.\nBuyer-paid fixed fee or property-size fee.\nPrefer independence from the seller and renovation contractor.\nAn inspection does not guarantee no hidden defects.\nOverview\nInspection services range from registered existing-home condition inspectors to architects and warranty-insurance inspectors. Fees are buyer-paid, either fixed or based on property size. The most important choice is independence: an inspector chosen by you, independent of the seller and any renovation contractor, gives a report not shaped by an interest in closing the sale or selling repair work. No inspection guarantees there are no hidden defects.\nFees and conflicts to check\nPrefer an inspector independent of the seller and renovation contractor; independence is more important than a low fee.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Qualified inspectors examine visible and measurable deterioration; Buyer-paid fixed fee or property-size fee; Prefer independence from the seller and renovation contractor; An inspection does not guarantee no hidden defects.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.\nKey points to carry away: Qualified inspectors examine visible and measurable deterioration; Buyer-paid fixed fee or property-size fee; Prefer independence from the seller and renovation contractor; An inspection does not guarantee no hidden defects. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/home-inspection-services","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:renovation-services:en","entityId":"guide:renovation-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Renovation platforms and companies","plainText":"Renovation providers (local licensed builders, major reform companies, matching marketplaces) may embed referral fees — obtain scope-aligned bids with drawings, exclusions, warranty, license, and a milestone payment schedule.\nCoverage, matching model, fees, licenses, and warranties.\nLocal builders, major reform companies, and matching marketplaces.\nMatching platforms may embed referral fees in the price.\nObtain scope-aligned bids with drawings, exclusions, and warranty.\nVerify the license and use a milestone payment schedule.\nOverview\nRenovation can be arranged directly with local licensed builders, through major reform companies, or via matching marketplaces. Matching platforms are convenient but may embed a referral fee in the price. Whatever the channel, obtain scope-aligned bids that include drawings, clear exclusions, a warranty, license verification, and a payment schedule tied to milestones — do not accept a quote without those, and hold a contingency for hidden work.\nFees and conflicts to check\nMatching marketplaces may embed referral fees; never accept a renovation quote without drawings, scope, exclusions, and milestone payments.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Local builders, major reform companies, and matching marketplaces; Matching platforms may embed referral fees in the price; Obtain scope-aligned bids with drawings, exclusions, and warranty; Verify the license and use a milestone payment schedule.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/renovation-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:renovation-costs-financing","guide:renovation-loans","guide:evaluating-used-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Renovation providers (local licensed builders, major reform companies, matching marketplaces) may embed referral fees — obtain scope-aligned bids with drawings, exclusions, warranty, license, and a milestone payment schedule.\nCoverage, matching model, fees, licenses, and warranties.\nLocal builders, major reform companies, and matching marketplaces.\nMatching platforms may embed referral fees in the price.\nObtain scope-aligned bids with drawings, exclusions, and warranty.\nVerify the license and use a milestone payment schedule.\nOverview\nRenovation can be arranged directly with local licensed builders, through major reform companies, or via matching marketplaces. Matching platforms are convenient but may embed a referral fee in the price. Whatever the channel, obtain scope-aligned bids that include drawings, clear exclusions, a warranty, license verification, and a payment schedule tied to milestones — do not accept a quote without those, and hold a contingency for hidden work.\nFees and conflicts to check\nMatching marketplaces may embed referral fees; never accept a renovation quote without drawings, scope, exclusions, and milestone payments.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Local builders, major reform companies, and matching marketplaces; Matching platforms may embed referral fees in the price; Obtain scope-aligned bids with drawings, exclusions, and warranty; Verify the license and use a milestone payment schedule.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","url":"/en/loans/renovation-services","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-management-services:en","entityId":"guide:property-management-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property-management companies","plainText":"Management companies (Tokyu Community, Daikyo Astage, Mitsui Fudosan Residential Service, local rental managers) charge the association (condo) or a percentage of rent plus leasing/renewal fees (rental) — and may also sell repair work, a conflict to watch.\nRental or condominium management, pricing, leasing fees, and repair conflicts.\nCondominium management is paid by the association; rental management is a percentage of rent.\nRental managers also charge leasing and renewal fees.\nA management company may also sell repair work — a conflict.\nReview the repair proposals independently.\nOverview\nProperty management divides into condominium management (paid by the owners’ association) and rental management (commonly a percentage of rent plus leasing and renewal charges). A key conflict is that management companies may also sell repair work, so a repair proposal is not automatically independent. For a condominium, judge the management by the building’s finances and minutes; for a rental, compare the management percentage and leasing/renewal fees.\nFees and conflicts to check\nA management company’s repair proposal may not be independent; review it separately, especially where the manager profits from the work.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Condominium management is paid by the association; rental management is a percentage of rent; Rental managers also charge leasing and renewal fees; A management company may also sell repair work — a conflict; Review the repair proposals independently.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-management-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Management companies (Tokyu Community, Daikyo Astage, Mitsui Fudosan Residential Service, local rental managers) charge the association (condo) or a percentage of rent plus leasing/renewal fees (rental) — and may also sell repair work, a conflict to watch.\nRental or condominium management, pricing, leasing fees, and repair conflicts.\nCondominium management is paid by the association; rental management is a percentage of rent.\nRental managers also charge leasing and renewal fees.\nA management company may also sell repair work — a conflict.\nReview the repair proposals independently.\nOverview\nProperty management divides into condominium management (paid by the owners’ association) and rental management (commonly a percentage of rent plus leasing and renewal charges). A key conflict is that management companies may also sell repair work, so a repair proposal is not automatically independent. For a condominium, judge the management by the building’s finances and minutes; for a rental, compare the management percentage and leasing/renewal fees.\nFees and conflicts to check\nA management company’s repair proposal may not be independent; review it separately, especially where the manager profits from the work.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Condominium management is paid by the association; rental management is a percentage of rent; Rental managers also charge leasing and renewal fees; A management company may also sell repair work — a conflict; Review the repair proposals independently.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","url":"/en/loans/property-management-services","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-registration-services:en","entityId":"guide:property-registration-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Judicial scriveners and registration services","plainText":"Judicial scriveners (司法書士), land and house surveyors, attorneys, and tax accountants handle registration and related work for a professional fee plus tax and disbursements — the lender or broker may nominate one; ask whether the choice is mandatory.\nService type, geography, language, and professional fees.\nJudicial scriveners file ownership and mortgage registrations.\nA professional fee applies plus tax and disbursements.\nThe lender or broker may nominate a provider — ask if it is mandatory.\nLand surveyors, attorneys, and tax accountants cover related needs.\nOverview\nLegal and registration work is handled by judicial scriveners (registration), land and house surveyors (boundaries), attorneys (disputes), and tax accountants (tax). Each charges a professional fee plus taxes and disbursements. The lender or broker may nominate a provider — especially a scrivener the lender trusts to register its mortgage — so ask whether the selection is mandatory or whether you may use your own.\nFees and conflicts to check\nThe lender may nominate the scrivener; ask whether the selection is mandatory and request a fee estimate.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Judicial scriveners file ownership and mortgage registrations; A professional fee applies plus tax and disbursements; The lender or broker may nominate a provider — ask if it is mandatory; Land surveyors, attorneys, and tax accountants cover related needs.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-registration-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:judicial-scrivener-property","guide:property-registration-costs","guide:property-closing-registration"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Justice","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Judicial scriveners (司法書士), land and house surveyors, attorneys, and tax accountants handle registration and related work for a professional fee plus tax and disbursements — the lender or broker may nominate one; ask whether the choice is mandatory.\nService type, geography, language, and professional fees.\nJudicial scriveners file ownership and mortgage registrations.\nA professional fee applies plus tax and disbursements.\nThe lender or broker may nominate a provider — ask if it is mandatory.\nLand surveyors, attorneys, and tax accountants cover related needs.\nOverview\nLegal and registration work is handled by judicial scriveners (registration), land and house surveyors (boundaries), attorneys (disputes), and tax accountants (tax). Each charges a professional fee plus taxes and disbursements. The lender or broker may nominate a provider — especially a scrivener the lender trusts to register its mortgage — so ask whether the selection is mandatory or whether you may use your own.\nFees and conflicts to check\nThe lender may nominate the scrivener; ask whether the selection is mandatory and request a fee estimate.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Judicial scriveners file ownership and mortgage registrations; A professional fee applies plus tax and disbursements; The lender or broker may nominate a provider — ask if it is mandatory; Land surveyors, attorneys, and tax accountants cover related needs.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","url":"/en/loans/property-registration-services","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-insurance-providers:en","entityId":"guide:property-insurance-providers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Home and earthquake insurance providers","plainText":"Insurers (Tokio Marine, Sompo Japan, Mitsui Sumitomo, Aioi Nissay Dowa, online insurers) provide fire and earthquake cover; premiums depend on location, structure, limits, and options, and the lender or agent may earn commission.\nCoverage, distribution, lender relationships, and quote method.\nFire and earthquake cover from major and online insurers.\nPremiums depend on location, structure, limits, and options.\nEarthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance and is capped.\nThe lender or agent may receive commission — compare external quotes.\nOverview\nHome insurance is offered by major insurers and online providers, covering fire and (attached) earthquake risk. Premiums depend on location, structure, coverage limits, and options, and earthquake cover is capped and recovery-oriented. The lender or agent may receive commission on a bundled policy, so compare external quotes where permitted rather than assuming the lender’s offer is best.\nFees and conflicts to check\nThe lender or agent may earn commission on a bundled policy; compare external quotes where permitted.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Fire and earthquake cover from major and online insurers; Premiums depend on location, structure, limits, and options; Earthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance and is capped; The lender or agent may receive commission — compare external quotes.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-insurance-providers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance","guide:earthquake-standards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Insurers (Tokio Marine, Sompo Japan, Mitsui Sumitomo, Aioi Nissay Dowa, online insurers) provide fire and earthquake cover; premiums depend on location, structure, limits, and options, and the lender or agent may earn commission.\nCoverage, distribution, lender relationships, and quote method.\nFire and earthquake cover from major and online insurers.\nPremiums depend on location, structure, limits, and options.\nEarthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance and is capped.\nThe lender or agent may receive commission — compare external quotes.\nOverview\nHome insurance is offered by major insurers and online providers, covering fire and (attached) earthquake risk. Premiums depend on location, structure, coverage limits, and options, and earthquake cover is capped and recovery-oriented. The lender or agent may receive commission on a bundled policy, so compare external quotes where permitted rather than assuming the lender’s offer is best.\nFees and conflicts to check\nThe lender or agent may earn commission on a bundled policy; compare external quotes where permitted.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Fire and earthquake cover from major and online insurers; Premiums depend on location, structure, limits, and options; Earthquake insurance must be attached to fire insurance and is capped; The lender or agent may receive commission — compare external quotes.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","url":"/en/loans/property-insurance-providers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-auctions:en","entityId":"guide:property-auctions","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property auction and distressed-sale services","plainText":"Court BIT auctions, tax-sale systems, and specialist auction-support firms offer distressed property with deposits, limited access, occupant risk, document-only diligence, and no conventional seller warranties — not beginner-friendly.\nCourt auctions, tax sales, deposits, occupancy, and beginner risks.\nCourt BIT auctions, local tax-sale systems, and specialist support firms.\nDeposits are required and access to the property is limited.\nOccupant risk and document-only diligence are common.\nNo conventional seller warranties — not beginner-friendly.\nOverview\nDistressed property is sold through the court BIT auction system, local tax-sale systems, and specialist auction-support firms. These can be cheaper, but they carry serious risks: deposits, limited or no interior access, the risk of an existing occupant, document-only diligence, and no conventional seller warranties. Auctions are not beginner-friendly, and financing them is harder — approach only with specialist support and a clear understanding of the risks.\nFees and conflicts to check\nAuctions carry occupant risk, document-only diligence, and no seller warranties; they are not beginner-friendly.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Court BIT auctions, local tax-sale systems, and specialist support firms; Deposits are required and access to the property is limited; Occupant risk and document-only diligence are common; No conventional seller warranties — not beginner-friendly.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-auctions","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:non-rebuildable-property","guide:akiya-vacant-homes","guide:buying-property-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Court BIT auctions, tax-sale systems, and specialist auction-support firms offer distressed property with deposits, limited access, occupant risk, document-only diligence, and no conventional seller warranties — not beginner-friendly.\nCourt auctions, tax sales, deposits, occupancy, and beginner risks.\nCourt BIT auctions, local tax-sale systems, and specialist support firms.\nDeposits are required and access to the property is limited.\nOccupant risk and document-only diligence are common.\nNo conventional seller warranties — not beginner-friendly.\nOverview\nDistressed property is sold through the court BIT auction system, local tax-sale systems, and specialist auction-support firms. These can be cheaper, but they carry serious risks: deposits, limited or no interior access, the risk of an existing occupant, document-only diligence, and no conventional seller warranties. Auctions are not beginner-friendly, and financing them is harder — approach only with specialist support and a clear understanding of the risks.\nFees and conflicts to check\nAuctions carry occupant risk, document-only diligence, and no seller warranties; they are not beginner-friendly.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Court BIT auctions, local tax-sale systems, and specialist support firms; Deposits are required and access to the property is limited; Occupant risk and document-only diligence are common; No conventional seller warranties — not beginner-friendly.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","url":"/en/loans/property-auctions","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:official-property-data:en","entityId":"guide:official-property-data","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Official property data tools","plainText":"Official tools (MLIT Real Estate Information Library, official land-price search, REINS Market Information, hazard portals, MLIT/prefectural licensing records) are free and strong for comparable evidence — though data can lag and every property differs.\nTransaction data, land prices, hazards, licensing, and official registries.\nMLIT Real Estate Information Library combines prices, land values, planning, and hazards.\nREINS Market Information provides transaction comparables.\nMLIT and prefectural records let you verify a broker’s license for free.\nData can lag and every property differs — use as evidence, not gospel.\nOverview\nOfficial data tools are free and powerful. MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library combines transaction prices, official land values, planning, disaster, and amenity data; REINS Market Information provides transaction comparables; hazard portals show disaster exposure; and MLIT and prefectural licensing records let you verify a broker’s license and any administrative actions before you pay. Data can lag and every property differs, so use these as strong evidence to check listings and brokers, not as a final valuation.\nFees and conflicts to check\nOfficial data can lag and every property differs; use it to check listings and verify licenses, not as a final valuation.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: MLIT Real Estate Information Library combines prices, land values, planning, and hazards; REINS Market Information provides transaction comparables; MLIT and prefectural records let you verify a broker’s license for free; Data can lag and every property differs — use as evidence, not gospel.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/official-property-data","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:compare-property-listings","guide:finding-property","guide:hazard-maps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Official tools (MLIT Real Estate Information Library, official land-price search, REINS Market Information, hazard portals, MLIT/prefectural licensing records) are free and strong for comparable evidence — though data can lag and every property differs.\nTransaction data, land prices, hazards, licensing, and official registries.\nMLIT Real Estate Information Library combines prices, land values, planning, and hazards.\nREINS Market Information provides transaction comparables.\nMLIT and prefectural records let you verify a broker’s license for free.\nData can lag and every property differs — use as evidence, not gospel.\nOverview\nOfficial data tools are free and powerful. MLIT’s Real Estate Information Library combines transaction prices, official land values, planning, disaster, and amenity data; REINS Market Information provides transaction comparables; hazard portals show disaster exposure; and MLIT and prefectural licensing records let you verify a broker’s license and any administrative actions before you pay. Data can lag and every property differs, so use these as strong evidence to check listings and brokers, not as a final valuation.\nFees and conflicts to check\nOfficial data can lag and every property differs; use it to check listings and verify licenses, not as a final valuation.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: MLIT Real Estate Information Library combines prices, land values, planning, and hazards; REINS Market Information provides transaction comparables; MLIT and prefectural records let you verify a broker’s license for free; Data can lag and every property differs — use as evidence, not gospel.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","url":"/en/loans/official-property-data","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:suumo-portal:en","entityId":"guide:suumo-portal","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SUUMO","plainText":"SUUMO (Recruit) is one of Japan’s largest property portals, aggregating rental and sale listings from many brokers; it is a discovery and advertising tool, not independent buyer representation, and duplicate listings are common.\nJapan’s largest property portal: inventory, English support, search, and monetization.\nOne of Japan’s largest portals with broad rental and sale inventory.\nListings come from many brokers; duplicates are common.\nA discovery and advertising tool, not buyer representation.\nLimited English support — mostly Japanese-language.\nOverview\nSUUMO, operated by Recruit, is among the largest property portals in Japan, with extensive rental and sale inventory aggregated from many brokerages. Its strengths are breadth of inventory and search; its limitations are that it is Japanese-language-first, listings can be duplicated or stale, and it is monetized through advertising, so a prominent listing reflects paid placement, not quality. Use it for discovery and market understanding, then verify the specific property.\nFees and conflicts to check\nSUUMO is an advertising portal, not buyer representation; a prominent listing is paid placement, and duplicates are common.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: One of Japan’s largest portals with broad rental and sale inventory; Listings come from many brokers; duplicates are common; A discovery and advertising tool, not buyer representation; Limited English support — mostly Japanese-language.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/suumo-portal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portals","guide:finding-property","guide:lifull-homes-portal"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"SUUMO (Recruit) is one of Japan’s largest property portals, aggregating rental and sale listings from many brokers; it is a discovery and advertising tool, not independent buyer representation, and duplicate listings are common.\nJapan’s largest property portal: inventory, English support, search, and monetization.\nOne of Japan’s largest portals with broad rental and sale inventory.\nListings come from many brokers; duplicates are common.\nA discovery and advertising tool, not buyer representation.\nLimited English support — mostly Japanese-language.\nOverview\nSUUMO, operated by Recruit, is among the largest property portals in Japan, with extensive rental and sale inventory aggregated from many brokerages. Its strengths are breadth of inventory and search; its limitations are that it is Japanese-language-first, listings can be duplicated or stale, and it is monetized through advertising, so a prominent listing reflects paid placement, not quality. Use it for discovery and market understanding, then verify the specific property.\nFees and conflicts to check\nSUUMO is an advertising portal, not buyer representation; a prominent listing is paid placement, and duplicates are common.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: One of Japan’s largest portals with broad rental and sale inventory; Listings come from many brokers; duplicates are common; A discovery and advertising tool, not buyer representation; Limited English support — mostly Japanese-language.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","url":"/en/loans/suumo-portal","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:lifull-homes-portal:en","entityId":"guide:lifull-homes-portal","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"LIFULL HOME’S","plainText":"LIFULL HOME’S is a major Japanese property portal with broad inventory and strong search and map functions; like all portals it is advertising-funded discovery, not independent buyer representation.\nA major property portal: inventory, search and map functions, and monetization.\nA major portal with broad inventory and map/search functions.\nAdvertising-funded; rankings reflect paid placement.\nDuplicate listings occur, as on all portals.\nA discovery tool, not diligence or representation.\nOverview\nLIFULL HOME’S is one of Japan’s major property portals, known for broad inventory and useful map and search functions. As with every portal, it is discovery funded by advertising: brokers pay to list, rankings reflect paid placement, and duplicate listings occur. It is a strong tool for finding candidates and understanding the market, but it does not provide title, legal, building, or financial diligence, and it is not buyer representation.\nFees and conflicts to check\nLike all portals, LIFULL HOME’S is advertising-funded discovery; verify the property independently and expect duplicates.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: A major portal with broad inventory and map/search functions; Advertising-funded; rankings reflect paid placement; Duplicate listings occur, as on all portals; A discovery tool, not diligence or representation.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/lifull-homes-portal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portals","guide:suumo-portal","guide:finding-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"LIFULL HOME’S is a major Japanese property portal with broad inventory and strong search and map functions; like all portals it is advertising-funded discovery, not independent buyer representation.\nA major property portal: inventory, search and map functions, and monetization.\nA major portal with broad inventory and map/search functions.\nAdvertising-funded; rankings reflect paid placement.\nDuplicate listings occur, as on all portals.\nA discovery tool, not diligence or representation.\nOverview\nLIFULL HOME’S is one of Japan’s major property portals, known for broad inventory and useful map and search functions. As with every portal, it is discovery funded by advertising: brokers pay to list, rankings reflect paid placement, and duplicate listings occur. It is a strong tool for finding candidates and understanding the market, but it does not provide title, legal, building, or financial diligence, and it is not buyer representation.\nFees and conflicts to check\nLike all portals, LIFULL HOME’S is advertising-funded discovery; verify the property independently and expect duplicates.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: A major portal with broad inventory and map/search functions; Advertising-funded; rankings reflect paid placement; Duplicate listings occur, as on all portals; A discovery tool, not diligence or representation.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","url":"/en/loans/lifull-homes-portal","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:kakaku-mortgage-profile:en","entityId":"guide:kakaku-mortgage-profile","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Kakaku.com mortgage comparison","plainText":"Kakaku.com’s mortgage comparison aggregates rates and application links; it is free to the borrower and paid by referral or lender marketing, so its rankings may favor participating products — ask which lenders are excluded.\nA mortgage comparison service: participating lenders, referral model, and exclusions.\nAggregates advertised rates and application links.\nFree to the borrower; paid by referral or lender marketing.\nRankings may favor participating products.\nUse as a lead source, then verify with a dated quotation.\nOverview\nKakaku.com’s mortgage section aggregates advertised rates and links to lender applications, which is convenient for a first pass. Like other comparison services it is free to the borrower because it is paid by referral or lender marketing, so the ranking may favor participating products and exclude others. Treat it as a lead source, ask which lenders are not included, and verify any offer with a dated written quotation over your holding period.\nFees and conflicts to check\nIts rankings may favor participating lenders; ask which are excluded and verify any offer with a dated quotation.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Aggregates advertised rates and application links; Free to the borrower; paid by referral or lender marketing; Rankings may favor participating products; Use as a lead source, then verify with a dated quotation.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/kakaku-mortgage-profile","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-comparison-services","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:mogecheck-profile"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Kakaku.com’s mortgage comparison aggregates rates and application links; it is free to the borrower and paid by referral or lender marketing, so its rankings may favor participating products — ask which lenders are excluded.\nA mortgage comparison service: participating lenders, referral model, and exclusions.\nAggregates advertised rates and application links.\nFree to the borrower; paid by referral or lender marketing.\nRankings may favor participating products.\nUse as a lead source, then verify with a dated quotation.\nOverview\nKakaku.com’s mortgage section aggregates advertised rates and links to lender applications, which is convenient for a first pass. Like other comparison services it is free to the borrower because it is paid by referral or lender marketing, so the ranking may favor participating products and exclude others. Treat it as a lead source, ask which lenders are not included, and verify any offer with a dated written quotation over your holding period.\nFees and conflicts to check\nIts rankings may favor participating lenders; ask which are excluded and verify any offer with a dated quotation.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Aggregates advertised rates and application links; Free to the borrower; paid by referral or lender marketing; Rankings may favor participating products; Use as a lead source, then verify with a dated quotation.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","url":"/en/loans/kakaku-mortgage-profile","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mogecheck-profile:en","entityId":"guide:mogecheck-profile","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mogecheck","plainText":"Mogecheck offers mortgage comparison and a diagnosis of likely rates and refinancing savings; it is free to the borrower and monetized through referral, so confirm which lenders are covered and verify offers directly.\nA mortgage comparison and diagnosis service: model, application support, and exclusions.\nOffers comparison plus a rate/refinancing diagnosis.\nFree to the borrower; monetized through referral.\nConfirm which lenders are covered and which are excluded.\nVerify any indicated rate directly with a dated quotation.\nOverview\nMogecheck provides mortgage comparison and a diagnosis of the rates you might obtain and the savings from refinancing, which many borrowers find helpful for orientation. It is free to the borrower and monetized through referral arrangements, so the set of lenders it covers, and any ranking, can reflect those relationships. Confirm which lenders are and are not covered, and treat any indicated rate as a starting point to verify directly.\nFees and conflicts to check\nThe lenders it covers and its ranking can reflect referral relationships; confirm coverage and verify any indicated rate directly.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Offers comparison plus a rate/refinancing diagnosis; Free to the borrower; monetized through referral; Confirm which lenders are covered and which are excluded; Verify any indicated rate directly with a dated quotation.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mogecheck-profile","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-comparison-services","guide:mortgage-refinancing","guide:kakaku-mortgage-profile"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Mogecheck offers mortgage comparison and a diagnosis of likely rates and refinancing savings; it is free to the borrower and monetized through referral, so confirm which lenders are covered and verify offers directly.\nA mortgage comparison and diagnosis service: model, application support, and exclusions.\nOffers comparison plus a rate/refinancing diagnosis.\nFree to the borrower; monetized through referral.\nConfirm which lenders are covered and which are excluded.\nVerify any indicated rate directly with a dated quotation.\nOverview\nMogecheck provides mortgage comparison and a diagnosis of the rates you might obtain and the savings from refinancing, which many borrowers find helpful for orientation. It is free to the borrower and monetized through referral arrangements, so the set of lenders it covers, and any ranking, can reflect those relationships. Confirm which lenders are and are not covered, and treat any indicated rate as a starting point to verify directly.\nFees and conflicts to check\nThe lenders it covers and its ranking can reflect referral relationships; confirm coverage and verify any indicated rate directly.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Offers comparison plus a rate/refinancing diagnosis; Free to the borrower; monetized through referral; Confirm which lenders are covered and which are excluded; Verify any indicated rate directly with a dated quotation.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","url":"/en/loans/mogecheck-profile","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mitsui-rehouse-profile:en","entityId":"guide:mitsui-rehouse-profile","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mitsui Rehouse","plainText":"Mitsui Rehouse is a major nationwide brokerage handling buyer and seller sides; it is commission-based, and the listing broker may represent or depend on the seller — ask who is represented and verify the fee against the statutory maximum.\nA major brokerage: coverage, buyer/seller service, fees, and representation.\nA major nationwide brokerage for buyer and seller sides.\nCommission-based, subject to the statutory maximum.\nThe listing broker may represent or depend on the seller.\nVerify the license and ask about dual agency.\nOverview\nMitsui Rehouse is one of Japan’s largest brokerages, operating nationwide and handling both buyer and seller sides of transactions. It is commission-based, subject to the statutory maximum, and — as with any brokerage — the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller. A strong brand and wide inventory are genuine advantages, but they do not remove the need to ask who is represented, whether dual agency exists, and to verify the fee.\nFees and conflicts to check\nA strong brand does not remove the seller-side conflict; ask who is represented and verify the fee against the statutory maximum.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: A major nationwide brokerage for buyer and seller sides; Commission-based, subject to the statutory maximum; The listing broker may represent or depend on the seller; Verify the license and ask about dual agency.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mitsui-rehouse-profile","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:real-estate-brokerages","guide:real-estate-agents-japan","guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Mitsui Rehouse is a major nationwide brokerage handling buyer and seller sides; it is commission-based, and the listing broker may represent or depend on the seller — ask who is represented and verify the fee against the statutory maximum.\nA major brokerage: coverage, buyer/seller service, fees, and representation.\nA major nationwide brokerage for buyer and seller sides.\nCommission-based, subject to the statutory maximum.\nThe listing broker may represent or depend on the seller.\nVerify the license and ask about dual agency.\nOverview\nMitsui Rehouse is one of Japan’s largest brokerages, operating nationwide and handling both buyer and seller sides of transactions. It is commission-based, subject to the statutory maximum, and — as with any brokerage — the listing broker may represent or economically depend on the seller. A strong brand and wide inventory are genuine advantages, but they do not remove the need to ask who is represented, whether dual agency exists, and to verify the fee.\nFees and conflicts to check\nA strong brand does not remove the seller-side conflict; ask who is represented and verify the fee against the statutory maximum.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: A major nationwide brokerage for buyer and seller sides; Commission-based, subject to the statutory maximum; The listing broker may represent or depend on the seller; Verify the license and ask about dual agency.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","url":"/en/loans/mitsui-rehouse-profile","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:plaza-homes-profile:en","entityId":"guide:plaza-homes-profile","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PLAZA HOMES","plainText":"PLAZA HOMES is a Tokyo-focused agency known for English service to foreign residents across rentals, sales, and management; confirm in each transaction whether it acts as your broker and how it is compensated.\nA foreign-friendly agency: language, coverage, services, and what to verify.\nTokyo-focused, with English service across rentals, sales, and management.\nA broker and manager — confirm its role in your transaction.\nEnglish support is a genuine strength for foreign residents.\nConfirm the fee and whether the advice is independent.\nOverview\nPLAZA HOMES is a Tokyo-focused agency well known for English-language service to foreign residents across rentals, sales, and property management. For an English-preferring buyer that support is a real advantage. As with any agency, confirm its role in your specific transaction — whether it is acting as your broker, the seller’s, or both — how it is compensated, and whether the advice is independent, because \"English service\" and \"independent buyer representation\" are not the same thing.\nFees and conflicts to check\nEnglish service is not the same as independent buyer representation; confirm the agency’s role, fee, and independence in each transaction.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Tokyo-focused, with English service across rentals, sales, and management; A broker and manager — confirm its role in your transaction; English support is a genuine strength for foreign residents; Confirm the fee and whether the advice is independent.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/plaza-homes-profile","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate","guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:buyers-agents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"PLAZA HOMES is a Tokyo-focused agency known for English service to foreign residents across rentals, sales, and management; confirm in each transaction whether it acts as your broker and how it is compensated.\nA foreign-friendly agency: language, coverage, services, and what to verify.\nTokyo-focused, with English service across rentals, sales, and management.\nA broker and manager — confirm its role in your transaction.\nEnglish support is a genuine strength for foreign residents.\nConfirm the fee and whether the advice is independent.\nOverview\nPLAZA HOMES is a Tokyo-focused agency well known for English-language service to foreign residents across rentals, sales, and property management. For an English-preferring buyer that support is a real advantage. As with any agency, confirm its role in your specific transaction — whether it is acting as your broker, the seller’s, or both — how it is compensated, and whether the advice is independent, because \"English service\" and \"independent buyer representation\" are not the same thing.\nFees and conflicts to check\nEnglish service is not the same as independent buyer representation; confirm the agency’s role, fee, and independence in each transaction.\nWhat to verify before you rely on it\nIn short: Tokyo-focused, with English service across rentals, sales, and management; A broker and manager — confirm its role in your transaction; English support is a genuine strength for foreign residents; Confirm the fee and whether the advice is independent.\nWhatever the category, establish three things before you rely on a provider: what kind of business it actually is (a licensed broker, a portal, a referral or media business, a manager, or an independent professional), how it is paid (by you, by the seller or lender, or through referral), and whether its advice is therefore independent of the transaction it is recommending. Ask for fees in writing, verify any licence and disciplinary record through the official registries, and treat a free service as one paid by someone else — usually an advertiser, a lender, or the seller. An English-language website tells you nothing about representation, so confirm whose interests the provider serves in your specific deal.","url":"/en/loans/plaza-homes-profile","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-rates:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-rates","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Current Japanese mortgage rates","plainText":"As of August 1, 2026 the BoJ guideline was around 1.0%, leading variable rates were roughly 0.945–1.025% (with pre-announced increases), and standard Flat 35 was about 3.29% for 21–35 years — all advertised, execution-month figures, not guaranteed offers.\nAdvertised rates, effective month, qualifications, announced changes, and sources.\nBoJ guideline ~1.0%; overnight call rate ~0.977% at end-July 2026.\nLeading variable rates ~0.945–1.025%; Mizuho pre-announced 1.275%+ from January 2027.\nStandard Flat 35 ~3.29% for 21–35 years (official JHF page still showed July on Aug 1).\nAll figures are advertised execution-month rates verified Aug 1, 2026 — confirm the current rate.\nThe August 2026 snapshot\nAs of August 1, 2026, Japan had left the near-zero era: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% after its June 2026 decision, and the average uncollateralized overnight call rate was roughly 0.977% at the end of July. Leading advertised variable rates were about 0.945% (MUFG main page), 0.984% (au Jibun Bank at ≤80% LTV after maximum discount), and 1.025% (Mizuho new variable), while standard Flat 35 was about 3.29% for 21–35 years at providers, with the official JHF page still showing July’s 3.14% on August 1.\nRead these rates with care\nThese are advertised, execution-month figures — not guaranteed offers. A low variable rate may require ≤80% LTV, assume the maximum discount, depend on service conditions, or be replaced by a higher risk-priced rate after underwriting. Several lenders pre-announced increases: Mizuho warned of 1.275% or more from January 2027, Resona announced October 2026 prime-rate changes affecting repayments from January 2027, and PayPay Bank’s long-term surcharge rises from September 2026. Model the announced future payment, and confirm the current rate in a dated quotation at application and execution.\nKey points to carry away: BoJ guideline ~1.0%; overnight call rate ~0.977% at end-July 2026; Leading variable rates ~0.945–1.025%; Mizuho pre-announced 1.275%+ from January 2027; Standard Flat 35 ~3.29% for 21–35 years (official JHF page still showed July on Aug 1); All figures are advertised execution-month rates verified Aug 1, 2026 — confirm the current rate. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-rates","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-rate-rise","faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:mortgage-rate-history","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:mortgage-advertising-rates","guide:interest-rates"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/statistics/market/short/mutan/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"As of August 1, 2026 the BoJ guideline was around 1.0%, leading variable rates were roughly 0.945–1.025% (with pre-announced increases), and standard Flat 35 was about 3.29% for 21–35 years — all advertised, execution-month figures, not guaranteed offers.\nAdvertised rates, effective month, qualifications, announced changes, and sources.\nBoJ guideline ~1.0%; overnight call rate ~0.977% at end-July 2026.\nLeading variable rates ~0.945–1.025%; Mizuho pre-announced 1.275%+ from January 2027.\nStandard Flat 35 ~3.29% for 21–35 years (official JHF page still showed July on Aug 1).\nAll figures are advertised execution-month rates verified Aug 1, 2026 — confirm the current rate.\nThe August 2026 snapshot\nAs of August 1, 2026, Japan had left the near-zero era: the Bank of Japan’s operating guideline was around 1.0% after its June 2026 decision, and the average uncollateralized overnight call rate was roughly 0.977% at the end of July. Leading advertised variable rates were about 0.945% (MUFG main page), 0.984% (au Jibun Bank at ≤80% LTV after maximum discount), and 1.025% (Mizuho new variable), while standard Flat 35 was about 3.29% for 21–35 years at providers, with the official JHF page still showing July’s 3.14% on August 1.\nRead these rates with care\nThese are advertised, execution-month figures — not guaranteed offers. A low variable rate may require ≤80% LTV, assume the maximum discount, depend on service conditions, or be replaced by a higher risk-priced rate after underwriting. Several lenders pre-announced increases: Mizuho warned of 1.275% or more from January 2027, Resona announced October 2026 prime-rate changes affecting repayments from January 2027, and PayPay Bank’s long-term surcharge rises from September 2026. Model the announced future payment, and confirm the current rate in a dated quotation at application and execution.\nKey points to carry away: BoJ guideline ~1.0%; overnight call rate ~0.977% at end-July 2026; Leading variable rates ~0.945–1.025%; Mizuho pre-announced 1.275%+ from January 2027; Standard Flat 35 ~3.29% for 21–35 years (official JHF page still showed July on Aug 1); All figures are advertised execution-month rates verified Aug 1, 2026 — confirm the current rate. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-rates","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compare-mortgage-lenders:en","entityId":"guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Compare mortgage lenders in Japan","plainText":"Compare lenders on the same execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period — provider, advertised rate, amount and term limits, fees, PR/residence rules, and English support — then verify the actual offer with a dated written quotation.\nProvider, rate, term, amount, LTV, fees, PR requirements, English support, and verified date.\nCompare provider, rate, term, amount, LTV, fees, PR rules, and English support.\nHold the execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period constant.\nOnline banks lead on rate; branch and specialist lenders serve complex or non-PR cases.\nVerify the actual offer with a dated written quotation over your holding period.\nWhat to compare\nA fair lender comparison holds the variables constant — the same execution date, LTV band, term, insurance, and expected holding period — and compares provider, advertised rate, minimum and maximum amount and term, LTV surcharges, the fee schedule (origination, guarantee, appraisal, registration, early repayment), PR/residence rules, English support, and the verified date. Online banks (au Jibun Bank, Sumishin SBI, PayPay) tend to lead on rate for standard salaried files; megabanks (MUFG, Mizuho, Resona) add branch service and exception handling; and PRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, and Suruga serve foreign-resident and non-PR cases.\nBuild a shortlist, not a national ranking\nA nationwide \"best lender\" ranking is less useful than a screened shortlist based on your residence status, income type, and the property, because regional institutions have geographic and membership rules and each lender’s pricing depends on the borrower and property. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route (Flat 35 or a foreign-resident lender), then obtain dated quotations and compare the all-in internal cost over your holding period — a 2.20% fee on ¥50 million is ¥1.10 million, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short hold.\nKey points to carry away: Compare provider, rate, term, amount, LTV, fees, PR rules, and English support; Hold the execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period constant; Online banks lead on rate; branch and specialist lenders serve complex or non-PR cases; Verify the actual offer with a dated written quotation over your holding period. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/compare-mortgage-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-how-many-lenders","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:mortgage-lenders","guide:mortgage-rates","guide:compare-mortgages-methodology","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Compare lenders on the same execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period — provider, advertised rate, amount and term limits, fees, PR/residence rules, and English support — then verify the actual offer with a dated written quotation.\nProvider, rate, term, amount, LTV, fees, PR requirements, English support, and verified date.\nCompare provider, rate, term, amount, LTV, fees, PR rules, and English support.\nHold the execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period constant.\nOnline banks lead on rate; branch and specialist lenders serve complex or non-PR cases.\nVerify the actual offer with a dated written quotation over your holding period.\nWhat to compare\nA fair lender comparison holds the variables constant — the same execution date, LTV band, term, insurance, and expected holding period — and compares provider, advertised rate, minimum and maximum amount and term, LTV surcharges, the fee schedule (origination, guarantee, appraisal, registration, early repayment), PR/residence rules, English support, and the verified date. Online banks (au Jibun Bank, Sumishin SBI, PayPay) tend to lead on rate for standard salaried files; megabanks (MUFG, Mizuho, Resona) add branch service and exception handling; and PRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, and Suruga serve foreign-resident and non-PR cases.\nBuild a shortlist, not a national ranking\nA nationwide \"best lender\" ranking is less useful than a screened shortlist based on your residence status, income type, and the property, because regional institutions have geographic and membership rules and each lender’s pricing depends on the borrower and property. Cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship or regional bank, and any specialist route (Flat 35 or a foreign-resident lender), then obtain dated quotations and compare the all-in internal cost over your holding period — a 2.20% fee on ¥50 million is ¥1.10 million, which can outweigh a small rate difference for a short hold.\nKey points to carry away: Compare provider, rate, term, amount, LTV, fees, PR rules, and English support; Hold the execution date, LTV, term, insurance, and holding period constant; Online banks lead on rate; branch and specialist lenders serve complex or non-PR cases; Verify the actual offer with a dated written quotation over your holding period. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/compare-mortgage-lenders","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-calculator:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage repayment calculator","plainText":"Enter the loan amount, rate, term, and repayment method to see the monthly payment, total interest, and amortization — then re-run at higher rates to see how sensitive the payment is.\nAmount, rate, term, and repayment method to monthly payment, interest, and amortization.\nShows monthly payment, total interest, and the amortization schedule.\nCompares level payment and level principal.\nA one- or two-point rate difference is large over 35 years.\nExcludes fees, insurance, and taxes — add those separately.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: loan amount, nominal annual rate, term (years), and repayment method (level payment or level principal).\nOutputs: monthly payment, total interest over the term, and the amortization schedule showing the interest/principal split each period.\nHow to interpret the result\nThe calculator shows the loan cost only; add fees, insurance, and taxes for the true cost, and always re-run at +1, +2, and +3 points if the rate is variable.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Shows monthly payment, total interest, and the amortization schedule; Compares level payment and level principal; A one- or two-point rate difference is large over 35 years; Excludes fees, insurance, and taxes — add those separately.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.\nKey points to carry away: Shows monthly payment, total interest, and the amortization schedule; Compares level payment and level principal; A one- or two-point rate difference is large over 35 years; Excludes fees, insurance, and taxes — add those separately. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-amortization","faq:loan-level-principal-interest"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-amortization","guide:repayment-method-comparison","guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Enter the loan amount, rate, term, and repayment method to see the monthly payment, total interest, and amortization — then re-run at higher rates to see how sensitive the payment is.\nAmount, rate, term, and repayment method to monthly payment, interest, and amortization.\nShows monthly payment, total interest, and the amortization schedule.\nCompares level payment and level principal.\nA one- or two-point rate difference is large over 35 years.\nExcludes fees, insurance, and taxes — add those separately.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: loan amount, nominal annual rate, term (years), and repayment method (level payment or level principal).\nOutputs: monthly payment, total interest over the term, and the amortization schedule showing the interest/principal split each period.\nHow to interpret the result\nThe calculator shows the loan cost only; add fees, insurance, and taxes for the true cost, and always re-run at +1, +2, and +3 points if the rate is variable.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Shows monthly payment, total interest, and the amortization schedule; Compares level payment and level principal; A one- or two-point rate difference is large over 35 years; Excludes fees, insurance, and taxes — add those separately.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.\nKey points to carry away: Shows monthly payment, total interest, and the amortization schedule; Compares level payment and level principal; A one- or two-point rate difference is large over 35 years; Excludes fees, insurance, and taxes — add those separately. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-calculator","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage affordability calculator","plainText":"Enter income, debts, expenses, and reserves to see your total housing outflow, debt-service ratio, and a prudent property range — with the payment stressed at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points.\nIncome, debts, expenses, taxes, reserves, and rate stress to a prudent property range.\nShows total housing outflow, debt-service ratio, and a prudent range.\nStresses the payment at +1, +2, and +3 points.\nFlags if stressed housing costs exceed ~35% of net income.\nThe lender’s maximum is not a household recommendation.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: gross and net income, stable bonus, household size, other debt payments, loan amount, rate, term, tax, management/reserve/insurance/parking fees, maintenance reserve, retirement age, and expected income reduction.\nOutputs: monthly payment, total housing outflow, total debt-service ratio, housing-to-net-income ratio, balance at retirement, total interest, and a minimum emergency fund.\nHow to interpret the result\nA loan you can afford only at the initial rate is not affordable; the tool flags stressed costs above a prudent share of net income and a mortgage extending past your working income.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Shows total housing outflow, debt-service ratio, and a prudent range; Stresses the payment at +1, +2, and +3 points; Flags if stressed housing costs exceed ~35% of net income; The lender’s maximum is not a household recommendation.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-affordability-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-borrow-maximum","faq:loan-what-dti"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-budget","guide:debt-to-income-japan","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/user/simulation/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Enter income, debts, expenses, and reserves to see your total housing outflow, debt-service ratio, and a prudent property range — with the payment stressed at the offered rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points.\nIncome, debts, expenses, taxes, reserves, and rate stress to a prudent property range.\nShows total housing outflow, debt-service ratio, and a prudent range.\nStresses the payment at +1, +2, and +3 points.\nFlags if stressed housing costs exceed ~35% of net income.\nThe lender’s maximum is not a household recommendation.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: gross and net income, stable bonus, household size, other debt payments, loan amount, rate, term, tax, management/reserve/insurance/parking fees, maintenance reserve, retirement age, and expected income reduction.\nOutputs: monthly payment, total housing outflow, total debt-service ratio, housing-to-net-income ratio, balance at retirement, total interest, and a minimum emergency fund.\nHow to interpret the result\nA loan you can afford only at the initial rate is not affordable; the tool flags stressed costs above a prudent share of net income and a mortgage extending past your working income.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Shows total housing outflow, debt-service ratio, and a prudent range; Stresses the payment at +1, +2, and +3 points; Flags if stressed housing costs exceed ~35% of net income; The lender’s maximum is not a household recommendation.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-affordability-calculator","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-purchase-cost:en","entityId":"guide:property-purchase-cost","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Total property-purchase cost calculator","plainText":"Enter the price, down payment, and cost assumptions to see the contract cash, closing cash, later tax cash, total cash required, and remaining liquidity — so you plan for far more than the down payment.\nPrice, down payment, fees, registration, tax, insurance, and moving to total cash required.\nSplits cash into contract, closing, and later-tax stages.\nIncludes brokerage, mortgage fee, registration, tax, insurance, and moving.\nShows total cash required and remaining liquidity.\nReminds you closing costs run ~6–10% of the price.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: property price, new/used, seller/developer/broker, down payment, loan, fee model, assessed land and building values, location, registration relief, inspection, insurance, renovation, moving, furniture, and acquisition tax.\nOutputs: contract cash, closing cash, later tax cash, total cash required, remaining liquidity, and all-in acquisition basis.\nHow to interpret the result\nDo not use all your savings for the down payment; the tool shows the 6–10% closing costs and later acquisition tax you must reserve on top of it.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Splits cash into contract, closing, and later-tax stages; Includes brokerage, mortgage fee, registration, tax, insurance, and moving; Shows total cash required and remaining liquidity; Reminds you closing costs run ~6–10% of the price.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-purchase-cost","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-fees-outside-price"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:property-closing-costs","guide:down-payment-comparison"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shitsumon/fudosan/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Enter the price, down payment, and cost assumptions to see the contract cash, closing cash, later tax cash, total cash required, and remaining liquidity — so you plan for far more than the down payment.\nPrice, down payment, fees, registration, tax, insurance, and moving to total cash required.\nSplits cash into contract, closing, and later-tax stages.\nIncludes brokerage, mortgage fee, registration, tax, insurance, and moving.\nShows total cash required and remaining liquidity.\nReminds you closing costs run ~6–10% of the price.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: property price, new/used, seller/developer/broker, down payment, loan, fee model, assessed land and building values, location, registration relief, inspection, insurance, renovation, moving, furniture, and acquisition tax.\nOutputs: contract cash, closing cash, later tax cash, total cash required, remaining liquidity, and all-in acquisition basis.\nHow to interpret the result\nDo not use all your savings for the down payment; the tool shows the 6–10% closing costs and later acquisition tax you must reserve on top of it.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Splits cash into contract, closing, and later-tax stages; Includes brokerage, mortgage fee, registration, tax, insurance, and moving; Shows total cash required and remaining liquidity; Reminds you closing costs run ~6–10% of the price.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","url":"/en/loans/property-purchase-cost","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-vs-variable-calculator:en","entityId":"guide:fixed-vs-variable-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fixed vs variable mortgage calculator","plainText":"Model each structure under stable, gradual, faster, reversal, and severe rate paths to see the monthly payment, balance, and cumulative interest — so you choose variable only if you survive the stress paths.\nInitial rates, reset paths, term, and balance to cumulative cost under rate scenarios.\nCompares fixed and variable under five rate scenarios.\nShows monthly payment, balance, and cumulative interest for each.\nModels the contract’s payment-reset and unpaid-interest rules.\nChoose variable only if you survive the +2 to +3 point paths.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: fixed and variable initial rates, term, balance, and a rate path — stable (no change), gradual (+0.25/12mo for four years), faster (+0.50/year for four years), reversal (+1.50 then partial decline), or severe (+2 immediately, later +1).\nOutputs: for each structure and path, the monthly payment, balance, and cumulative interest, modeling the actual contract’s reset rules and any unpaid-interest treatment.\nHow to interpret the result\nThe calculator is only as good as the rate paths you test; a household that fails the +2 to +3 point paths should not choose variable.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Compares fixed and variable under five rate scenarios; Shows monthly payment, balance, and cumulative interest for each; Models the contract’s payment-reset and unpaid-interest rules; Choose variable only if you survive the +2 to +3 point paths.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/fixed-vs-variable-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","faq:loan-variable-risky"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Model each structure under stable, gradual, faster, reversal, and severe rate paths to see the monthly payment, balance, and cumulative interest — so you choose variable only if you survive the stress paths.\nInitial rates, reset paths, term, and balance to cumulative cost under rate scenarios.\nCompares fixed and variable under five rate scenarios.\nShows monthly payment, balance, and cumulative interest for each.\nModels the contract’s payment-reset and unpaid-interest rules.\nChoose variable only if you survive the +2 to +3 point paths.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: fixed and variable initial rates, term, balance, and a rate path — stable (no change), gradual (+0.25/12mo for four years), faster (+0.50/year for four years), reversal (+1.50 then partial decline), or severe (+2 immediately, later +1).\nOutputs: for each structure and path, the monthly payment, balance, and cumulative interest, modeling the actual contract’s reset rules and any unpaid-interest treatment.\nHow to interpret the result\nThe calculator is only as good as the rate paths you test; a household that fails the +2 to +3 point paths should not choose variable.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Compares fixed and variable under five rate scenarios; Shows monthly payment, balance, and cumulative interest for each; Models the contract’s payment-reset and unpaid-interest rules; Choose variable only if you survive the +2 to +3 point paths.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","url":"/en/loans/fixed-vs-variable-calculator","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Interest-rate stress test","plainText":"Enter your rate and household budget to see the payment at the current rate and at +1, +2, and +3 points, and whether a surplus remains at each — the core test for whether a variable loan is safe.\nCurrent rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points to the payment and household surplus.\nShows the payment at the current rate and at +1, +2, and +3 points.\nShows whether a household surplus remains at each stressed rate.\nThe core test for variable-rate affordability.\nIf a stressed rate wipes out the surplus, the loan is too large.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: current rate, loan amount and term, and household income and expenses.\nOutputs: the monthly payment and remaining household surplus at the current rate and at +1, +2, and +3 points.\nHow to interpret the result\nIf the +2 to +3 point payment eliminates your surplus or forces a sale, the loan is too large for a variable structure — reduce it or choose fixed.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Shows the payment at the current rate and at +1, +2, and +3 points; Shows whether a household surplus remains at each stressed rate; The core test for variable-rate affordability; If a stressed rate wipes out the surplus, the loan is too large.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-rate-stress-test","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-variable-risky","faq:loan-rate-rise"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","guide:variable-rate-mortgages","guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Enter your rate and household budget to see the payment at the current rate and at +1, +2, and +3 points, and whether a surplus remains at each — the core test for whether a variable loan is safe.\nCurrent rate plus 1, 2, and 3 points to the payment and household surplus.\nShows the payment at the current rate and at +1, +2, and +3 points.\nShows whether a household surplus remains at each stressed rate.\nThe core test for variable-rate affordability.\nIf a stressed rate wipes out the surplus, the loan is too large.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: current rate, loan amount and term, and household income and expenses.\nOutputs: the monthly payment and remaining household surplus at the current rate and at +1, +2, and +3 points.\nHow to interpret the result\nIf the +2 to +3 point payment eliminates your surplus or forces a sale, the loan is too large for a variable structure — reduce it or choose fixed.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Shows the payment at the current rate and at +1, +2, and +3 points; Shows whether a household surplus remains at each stressed rate; The core test for variable-rate affordability; If a stressed rate wipes out the surplus, the loan is too large.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-rate-stress-test","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:early-mortgage-repayment:en","entityId":"guide:early-mortgage-repayment","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Early-repayment calculator","plainText":"Enter an extra payment to see the interest saved and term shortened under term-reduction versus payment-reduction, alongside the liquidity you sacrifice and the break-even return.\nExtra payment, term vs payment reduction, interest saved, and liquidity sacrificed.\nCompares term reduction and payment reduction.\nShows interest saved, term shortened, and liquidity sacrificed.\nConsiders the mortgage-tax deduction you may forgo.\nTerm reduction usually saves more interest, all else equal.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: current balance, rate, remaining term, extra payment, fee, method (term or payment reduction), emergency-fund yield, and mortgage-tax deduction.\nOutputs: interest saved, term shortened, liquidity sacrificed, and the break-even return your cash would need to beat the prepayment.\nHow to interpret the result\nPreserve emergency liquidity before prepaying; the tool shows the deduction you may lose and the return your cash would need to make prepayment the wrong choice.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Compares term reduction and payment reduction; Shows interest saved, term shortened, and liquidity sacrificed; Considers the mortgage-tax deduction you may forgo; Term reduction usually saves more interest, all else equal.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.\nKey points to carry away: Compares term reduction and payment reduction; Shows interest saved, term shortened, and liquidity sacrificed; Considers the mortgage-tax deduction you may forgo; Term reduction usually saves more interest, all else equal. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/early-mortgage-repayment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-early-always-best","faq:loan-term-vs-payment-reduction"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:early-repayment","guide:mortgage-tax-deduction","guide:mortgage-amortization"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Enter an extra payment to see the interest saved and term shortened under term-reduction versus payment-reduction, alongside the liquidity you sacrifice and the break-even return.\nExtra payment, term vs payment reduction, interest saved, and liquidity sacrificed.\nCompares term reduction and payment reduction.\nShows interest saved, term shortened, and liquidity sacrificed.\nConsiders the mortgage-tax deduction you may forgo.\nTerm reduction usually saves more interest, all else equal.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: current balance, rate, remaining term, extra payment, fee, method (term or payment reduction), emergency-fund yield, and mortgage-tax deduction.\nOutputs: interest saved, term shortened, liquidity sacrificed, and the break-even return your cash would need to beat the prepayment.\nHow to interpret the result\nPreserve emergency liquidity before prepaying; the tool shows the deduction you may lose and the return your cash would need to make prepayment the wrong choice.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Compares term reduction and payment reduction; Shows interest saved, term shortened, and liquidity sacrificed; Considers the mortgage-tax deduction you may forgo; Term reduction usually saves more interest, all else equal.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.\nKey points to carry away: Compares term reduction and payment reduction; Shows interest saved, term shortened, and liquidity sacrificed; Considers the mortgage-tax deduction you may forgo; Term reduction usually saves more interest, all else equal. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/early-mortgage-repayment","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-refinancing-tool:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-refinancing-tool","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Refinancing calculator","plainText":"Enter your existing loan and a new offer to see the nominal and present-value savings, the break-even month, and the balance at original maturity — so you refinance only when the savings beat all the new costs.\nExisting balance, old/new rate, fees, and remaining term to break-even date.\nShows nominal savings, present-value savings, and the break-even month.\nIncludes origination, registration, scrivener, appraisal, and insurance costs.\nA longer new term can hide a higher total cost.\nRefinance only when present-value savings exceed all new costs.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: current balance, remaining term, current rate path, new rate, new term, percentage/fixed fee, registration, judicial scrivener, appraisal, insurance additions, and expected holding period.\nOutputs: nominal savings, present-value savings, break-even months, and the balance at original maturity.\nHow to interpret the result\nA lower monthly payment from a longer term is not a saving; the tool compares present-value savings against all new costs and health-screening risk.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Shows nominal savings, present-value savings, and the break-even month; Includes origination, registration, scrivener, appraisal, and insurance costs; A longer new term can hide a higher total cost; Refinance only when present-value savings exceed all new costs.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.\nKey points to carry away: Shows nominal savings, present-value savings, and the break-even month; Includes origination, registration, scrivener, appraisal, and insurance costs; A longer new term can hide a higher total cost; Refinance only when present-value savings exceed all new costs. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-refinancing-tool","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-refinancing-makes-sense","faq:loan-extend-term-refinancing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-refinancing","guide:refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","guide:refinancing-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Enter your existing loan and a new offer to see the nominal and present-value savings, the break-even month, and the balance at original maturity — so you refinance only when the savings beat all the new costs.\nExisting balance, old/new rate, fees, and remaining term to break-even date.\nShows nominal savings, present-value savings, and the break-even month.\nIncludes origination, registration, scrivener, appraisal, and insurance costs.\nA longer new term can hide a higher total cost.\nRefinance only when present-value savings exceed all new costs.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: current balance, remaining term, current rate path, new rate, new term, percentage/fixed fee, registration, judicial scrivener, appraisal, insurance additions, and expected holding period.\nOutputs: nominal savings, present-value savings, break-even months, and the balance at original maturity.\nHow to interpret the result\nA lower monthly payment from a longer term is not a saving; the tool compares present-value savings against all new costs and health-screening risk.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Shows nominal savings, present-value savings, and the break-even month; Includes origination, registration, scrivener, appraisal, and insurance costs; A longer new term can hide a higher total cost; Refinance only when present-value savings exceed all new costs.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.\nKey points to carry away: Shows nominal savings, present-value savings, and the break-even month; Includes origination, registration, scrivener, appraisal, and insurance costs; A longer new term can hide a higher total cost; Refinance only when present-value savings exceed all new costs. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-refinancing-tool","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreigner-mortgage-checker:en","entityId":"guide:foreigner-mortgage-checker","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Foreign-resident mortgage eligibility checker","plainText":"Answer questions about residence, PR, spouse, income, employment, language, down payment, and property use to be routed to indicative lender sets — it does not issue an \"approved\" result, only realistic routes to explore.\nPR, visa, spouse, income, employment, language, and down payment to indicative lender routes.\nRoutes you to lender sets — it never issues an \"approved\" result.\nNon-residents are routed to cash or specialist investment finance.\nPR opens the mainstream set; non-PR routes to specialist lenders.\nDown payment and property use filter the lender set further.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs (routing questions): resident in Japan?, PR or special PR?, Japanese spouse or guarantor?, years of Japanese tax income?, employment type and tenure?, Japanese communication?, down-payment percentage?, property use?, property location/type?, and any credit-record issue?\nOutputs: indicative lender routes (mainstream, English-support, specialist non-PR, or cash/investment), a documentation-readiness score, and any disclosure/remediation path — never an approval.\nHow to interpret the result\nThe checker routes, it does not approve; a nonresident is sent to cash or specialist finance, and every route still requires full underwriting.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Routes you to lender sets — it never issues an \"approved\" result; Non-residents are routed to cash or specialist investment finance; PR opens the mainstream set; non-PR routes to specialist lenders; Down payment and property use filter the lender set further.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/foreigner-mortgage-checker","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-pr-mandatory"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Answer questions about residence, PR, spouse, income, employment, language, down payment, and property use to be routed to indicative lender sets — it does not issue an \"approved\" result, only realistic routes to explore.\nPR, visa, spouse, income, employment, language, and down payment to indicative lender routes.\nRoutes you to lender sets — it never issues an \"approved\" result.\nNon-residents are routed to cash or specialist investment finance.\nPR opens the mainstream set; non-PR routes to specialist lenders.\nDown payment and property use filter the lender set further.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs (routing questions): resident in Japan?, PR or special PR?, Japanese spouse or guarantor?, years of Japanese tax income?, employment type and tenure?, Japanese communication?, down-payment percentage?, property use?, property location/type?, and any credit-record issue?\nOutputs: indicative lender routes (mainstream, English-support, specialist non-PR, or cash/investment), a documentation-readiness score, and any disclosure/remediation path — never an approval.\nHow to interpret the result\nThe checker routes, it does not approve; a nonresident is sent to cash or specialist finance, and every route still requires full underwriting.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Routes you to lender sets — it never issues an \"approved\" result; Non-residents are routed to cash or specialist investment finance; PR opens the mainstream set; non-PR routes to specialist lenders; Down payment and property use filter the lender set further.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","url":"/en/loans/foreigner-mortgage-checker","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:condo-financial-health:en","entityId":"guide:condo-financial-health","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Condominium financial-health checker","plainText":"Enter the reserve, arrears, repair plan, association borrowing, insurance, and governance details to score the building’s financial health — with a low current fee scoring negatively if it creates future special assessments.\nReserves, arrears, repair plan, borrowing, insurance, and governance to a risk result.\nScores reserve balance and monthly reserve per square meter.\nWeighs the funding method, arrears, borrowing, and repair plan.\nIncludes insurance, governance, and unresolved litigation.\nA low current fee scores negatively if it means future special assessments.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: reserve balance and monthly reserve per m², funding method (even or escalating), 30-year-plus repair plan and update date, estimated next major work and funding gap, owner arrears, association borrowing, management-fee trend, commercial/absentee ownership concentration, insurance and earthquake coverage, meeting attendance, unresolved litigation, and planned elevator/pipe/façade/seismic work.\nOutputs: a financial-health risk result, where a low current monthly fee does not score positively if it creates future special assessments.\nHow to interpret the result\nA low monthly fee is not a good score if it reflects an underfunded reserve; the checker treats a step-up plan’s early low fee as a future risk.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Scores reserve balance and monthly reserve per square meter; Weighs the funding method, arrears, borrowing, and repair plan; Includes insurance, governance, and unresolved litigation; A low current fee scores negatively if it means future special assessments.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/condo-financial-health","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-check","faq:loan-special-assessment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:condo-repair-reserve","guide:condominium-management-fees"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Enter the reserve, arrears, repair plan, association borrowing, insurance, and governance details to score the building’s financial health — with a low current fee scoring negatively if it creates future special assessments.\nReserves, arrears, repair plan, borrowing, insurance, and governance to a risk result.\nScores reserve balance and monthly reserve per square meter.\nWeighs the funding method, arrears, borrowing, and repair plan.\nIncludes insurance, governance, and unresolved litigation.\nA low current fee scores negatively if it means future special assessments.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: reserve balance and monthly reserve per m², funding method (even or escalating), 30-year-plus repair plan and update date, estimated next major work and funding gap, owner arrears, association borrowing, management-fee trend, commercial/absentee ownership concentration, insurance and earthquake coverage, meeting attendance, unresolved litigation, and planned elevator/pipe/façade/seismic work.\nOutputs: a financial-health risk result, where a low current monthly fee does not score positively if it creates future special assessments.\nHow to interpret the result\nA low monthly fee is not a good score if it reflects an underfunded reserve; the checker treats a step-up plan’s early low fee as a future risk.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Scores reserve balance and monthly reserve per square meter; Weighs the funding method, arrears, borrowing, and repair plan; Includes insurance, governance, and unresolved litigation; A low current fee scores negatively if it means future special assessments.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","url":"/en/loans/condo-financial-health","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-investment-calculator:en","entityId":"guide:property-investment-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investment-property cash-flow calculator","plainText":"Enter the price, rent, vacancy, expenses, financing, and exit assumptions to see gross and net yield, NOI, DSCR, cash-on-cash return, break-even occupancy, after-tax cash flow, and IRR — underwriting the deal as a business, not on gross yield.\nPrice, rent, vacancy, expenses, debt, and exit to NOI, DSCR, and IRR.\nRetains gross yield, net yield, NOI, DSCR, and cash-on-cash return.\nShows break-even occupancy and after-tax cash flow.\nRuns sensitivity to rent, vacancy, rate, and exit value.\nDo not treat mortgage principal as an operating expense.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: price, acquisition costs, rent, vacancy, rent decline, management, leasing, tax, insurance, association fees, repairs, capital expenditure, financing, sale cap rate, selling costs, and tax.\nOutputs: gross yield, net yield, NOI, DSCR, cash-on-cash return, break-even occupancy, after-tax cash flow, internal rate of return, and sensitivity to rent, vacancy, rate, and exit value.\nHow to interpret the result\nA 5–6% gross yield can become a thin or negative cash yield after costs; the tool shows NOI and DSCR so you underwrite the deal, not the headline yield.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Retains gross yield, net yield, NOI, DSCR, and cash-on-cash return; Shows break-even occupancy and after-tax cash flow; Runs sensitivity to rent, vacancy, rate, and exit value; Do not treat mortgage principal as an operating expense.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-investment-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-gross-yield","faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:investment-property-loans","guide:tokyo-vs-regional-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Enter the price, rent, vacancy, expenses, financing, and exit assumptions to see gross and net yield, NOI, DSCR, cash-on-cash return, break-even occupancy, after-tax cash flow, and IRR — underwriting the deal as a business, not on gross yield.\nPrice, rent, vacancy, expenses, debt, and exit to NOI, DSCR, and IRR.\nRetains gross yield, net yield, NOI, DSCR, and cash-on-cash return.\nShows break-even occupancy and after-tax cash flow.\nRuns sensitivity to rent, vacancy, rate, and exit value.\nDo not treat mortgage principal as an operating expense.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: price, acquisition costs, rent, vacancy, rent decline, management, leasing, tax, insurance, association fees, repairs, capital expenditure, financing, sale cap rate, selling costs, and tax.\nOutputs: gross yield, net yield, NOI, DSCR, cash-on-cash return, break-even occupancy, after-tax cash flow, internal rate of return, and sensitivity to rent, vacancy, rate, and exit value.\nHow to interpret the result\nA 5–6% gross yield can become a thin or negative cash yield after costs; the tool shows NOI and DSCR so you underwrite the deal, not the headline yield.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Retains gross yield, net yield, NOI, DSCR, and cash-on-cash return; Shows break-even occupancy and after-tax cash flow; Runs sensitivity to rent, vacancy, rate, and exit value; Do not treat mortgage principal as an operating expense.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.","url":"/en/loans/property-investment-calculator","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-ownership-cost:en","entityId":"guide:property-ownership-cost","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Property tax and ownership-cost estimator","plainText":"Enter the assessed values, municipality, and property details to estimate your annual ownership cost — fixed-asset and city-planning tax, insurance, management and repair-reserve fees, and a maintenance reserve.\nAssessed values, municipality, property type, insurance, fees, and repairs to annual cost.\nEstimates fixed-asset and city-planning tax from assessed values.\nAdds insurance, management and repair-reserve fees, and maintenance.\nDiffers for a house (self-funded reserve) and a condominium.\nAssessed values and taxes can change over time.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: assessed land and building values, municipality, property type (house or condominium), insurance, management/reserve fees, and expected repairs.\nOutputs: an estimated annual ownership cost, split into tax, insurance, condominium fees (or a self-funded house reserve), and maintenance.\nHow to interpret the result\nOwnership is a recurring annual cost; a house owner must self-fund the equivalent of a condominium’s repair reserve, which the estimate includes.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Estimates fixed-asset and city-planning tax from assessed values; Adds insurance, management and repair-reserve fees, and maintenance; Differs for a house (self-funded reserve) and a condominium; Assessed values and taxes can change over time.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.\nKey points to carry away: Estimates fixed-asset and city-planning tax from assessed values; Adds insurance, management and repair-reserve fees, and maintenance; Differs for a house (self-funded reserve) and a condominium; Assessed values and taxes can change over time. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/property-ownership-cost","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fixed-asset-tax","faq:loan-emergency-cash-owner"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-asset-tax","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:house-maintenance-costs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Enter the assessed values, municipality, and property details to estimate your annual ownership cost — fixed-asset and city-planning tax, insurance, management and repair-reserve fees, and a maintenance reserve.\nAssessed values, municipality, property type, insurance, fees, and repairs to annual cost.\nEstimates fixed-asset and city-planning tax from assessed values.\nAdds insurance, management and repair-reserve fees, and maintenance.\nDiffers for a house (self-funded reserve) and a condominium.\nAssessed values and taxes can change over time.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: assessed land and building values, municipality, property type (house or condominium), insurance, management/reserve fees, and expected repairs.\nOutputs: an estimated annual ownership cost, split into tax, insurance, condominium fees (or a self-funded house reserve), and maintenance.\nHow to interpret the result\nOwnership is a recurring annual cost; a house owner must self-fund the equivalent of a condominium’s repair reserve, which the estimate includes.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Estimates fixed-asset and city-planning tax from assessed values; Adds insurance, management and repair-reserve fees, and maintenance; Differs for a house (self-funded reserve) and a condominium; Assessed values and taxes can change over time.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.\nKey points to carry away: Estimates fixed-asset and city-planning tax from assessed values; Adds insurance, management and repair-reserve fees, and maintenance; Differs for a house (self-funded reserve) and a condominium; Assessed values and taxes can change over time. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/property-ownership-cost","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-document-checklist:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-document-checklist","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage document checklist","plainText":"Enter your employment and residency profile and the lender stage to generate a personalized document list — from identity and income records to the source-of-funds and property documents a foreign resident often needs.\nEmployment and residency profile and lender stage to a personalized document list.\nGenerates a personalized list by employment and residency profile.\nSplits documents by preapproval and final-approval stage.\nIncludes source-of-funds evidence for foreign residents.\nKeep documents consistent with your preapproval statements.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: employment type (employee, contract, self-employed, company owner), residency status (PR, non-PR, spouse), and the lender stage (preapproval or final approval).\nOutputs: a personalized document list — identity and residence, income and tax, employment, property and contract, and source-of-funds records tailored to your profile and stage.\nHow to interpret the result\nDiscrepancies between preapproval and final documents can cause a decline; the checklist helps you keep records consistent and complete.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Generates a personalized list by employment and residency profile; Splits documents by preapproval and final-approval stage; Includes source-of-funds evidence for foreign residents; Keep documents consistent with your preapproval statements.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.\nKey points to carry away: Generates a personalized list by employment and residency profile; Splits documents by preapproval and final-approval stage; Includes source-of-funds evidence for foreign residents; Keep documents consistent with your preapproval statements. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-document-checklist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-income-documents","faq:loan-borrow-down-payment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-income-documents","guide:property-purchase-documents","guide:foreigners-buying-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Enter your employment and residency profile and the lender stage to generate a personalized document list — from identity and income records to the source-of-funds and property documents a foreign resident often needs.\nEmployment and residency profile and lender stage to a personalized document list.\nGenerates a personalized list by employment and residency profile.\nSplits documents by preapproval and final-approval stage.\nIncludes source-of-funds evidence for foreign residents.\nKeep documents consistent with your preapproval statements.\nInputs and outputs\nInputs: employment type (employee, contract, self-employed, company owner), residency status (PR, non-PR, spouse), and the lender stage (preapproval or final approval).\nOutputs: a personalized document list — identity and residence, income and tax, employment, property and contract, and source-of-funds records tailored to your profile and stage.\nHow to interpret the result\nDiscrepancies between preapproval and final documents can cause a decline; the checklist helps you keep records consistent and complete.\nWhat the tool shows — and what it doesn’t\nIn short: Generates a personalized list by employment and residency profile; Splits documents by preapproval and final-approval stage; Includes source-of-funds evidence for foreign residents; Keep documents consistent with your preapproval statements.\nA calculator is only as good as its inputs and the scenarios you test, and it models arithmetic, not approval: it cannot tell you whether a lender will lend, what rate underwriting will actually offer, or how your circumstances will change. Use it to compare options and to stress-test — run a mortgage at the offered rate plus one, two, and three points, and a purchase at pessimistic as well as central assumptions — rather than to produce a single answer. Advertised rates are execution-month or example figures, not guaranteed offers, so treat any result as a planning estimate and confirm the real numbers with a dated written quotation before you commit.\nKey points to carry away: Generates a personalized list by employment and residency profile; Splits documents by preapproval and final-approval stage; Includes source-of-funds evidence for foreign residents; Keep documents consistent with your preapproval statements. Use the linked guides and calculators for the full decision, and confirm anything material with the lender, a licensed broker, a judicial scrivener, or a tax accountant before you act.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-document-checklist","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:points-vs-cashback-guide:en","entityId":"guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Points vs cashback in Japan: how rewards actually work","plainText":"Most major Japanese points (Rakuten, PayPay, d, V) are worth about ¥1 each on everyday spending; points offer flexibility but can expire, while cashback is simpler flat cash.\nWhat loyalty points are, how they differ from cashback, and how to value them honestly.\nA point is a program unit worth roughly ¥1 when redeemed on ordinary spending — not always.\nBase earn is often 1 point per ¥100 (1%); effective rate is what you get after caps, fees, and expiry.\nPoints are flexible but can expire and devalue; cashback is simpler and more certain.\nValue points at the amount you will realistically redeem, not the advertised maximum.\nRewards are a discount on spending you would do anyway — never a reason to spend more.\nPoints basics\nA loyalty point is a program-issued unit that can normally be used only within specified stores, apps, transfers, or services. In practice one point in the big Japanese ecosystems — Rakuten Points, PayPay Points, d POINT, V Points — is usually worth close to ¥1 when spent on ordinary purchases. That “¥1” is a convenient rule of thumb, not a guarantee: value depends entirely on what the program lets you redeem for.\nCashback, by contrast, is money returned as a statement credit, bank deposit, or cash-equivalent balance. It usually involves fewer redemption decisions than points, which is its main advantage.\nEarning and valuation\nMost cards award a base rate near 1 point per ¥100 (1%). A Rakuten Card ordinarily earns about 1% on eligible general spending; an Epos Card earns 1 point per ¥200 (about 0.5%) before bonuses. The base rate is only the starting point. The effective reward rate is the value you actually receive after caps, per-transaction rounding, exclusions, fees, and realistic redemption value.\nA quoted “7%” can be far lower in practice if only selected merchants and smartphone-touch transactions qualify — as with SMBC’s selected convenience-store and restaurant offer, which distinguishes eligible smartphone contactless from physical-card touch and iD.\nPoints vs cashback, and expiry\nPoints can outperform cash through merchant bonuses or high-value travel redemptions, but they carry expiration, devaluation, restricted use, and transfer losses. Most ordinary balances last one to two years; “limited-time” campaign points can expire in months and sometimes redeem only in narrow services. The safe habit is to concentrate in one active ecosystem so the balance stays alive, and to spend limited-time points quickly on everyday items.\nCashback is best for people who prioritise simplicity and certainty; points are best for people who naturally use the ecosystem or can redeem miles well.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/points-vs-cashback-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback","faq:rewards-point-value","faq:points-value"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:how-points-are-earned","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Marui / Epos","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Most major Japanese points (Rakuten, PayPay, d, V) are worth about ¥1 each on everyday spending; points offer flexibility but can expire, while cashback is simpler flat cash.\nWhat loyalty points are, how they differ from cashback, and how to value them honestly.\nA point is a program unit worth roughly ¥1 when redeemed on ordinary spending — not always.\nBase earn is often 1 point per ¥100 (1%); effective rate is what you get after caps, fees, and expiry.\nPoints are flexible but can expire and devalue; cashback is simpler and more certain.\nValue points at the amount you will realistically redeem, not the advertised maximum.\nRewards are a discount on spending you would do anyway — never a reason to spend more.\nPoints basics\nA loyalty point is a program-issued unit that can normally be used only within specified stores, apps, transfers, or services. In practice one point in the big Japanese ecosystems — Rakuten Points, PayPay Points, d POINT, V Points — is usually worth close to ¥1 when spent on ordinary purchases. That “¥1” is a convenient rule of thumb, not a guarantee: value depends entirely on what the program lets you redeem for.\nCashback, by contrast, is money returned as a statement credit, bank deposit, or cash-equivalent balance. It usually involves fewer redemption decisions than points, which is its main advantage.\nEarning and valuation\nMost cards award a base rate near 1 point per ¥100 (1%). A Rakuten Card ordinarily earns about 1% on eligible general spending; an Epos Card earns 1 point per ¥200 (about 0.5%) before bonuses. The base rate is only the starting point. The effective reward rate is the value you actually receive after caps, per-transaction rounding, exclusions, fees, and realistic redemption value.\nA quoted “7%” can be far lower in practice if only selected merchants and smartphone-touch transactions qualify — as with SMBC’s selected convenience-store and restaurant offer, which distinguishes eligible smartphone contactless from physical-card touch and iD.\nPoints vs cashback, and expiry\nPoints can outperform cash through merchant bonuses or high-value travel redemptions, but they carry expiration, devaluation, restricted use, and transfer losses. Most ordinary balances last one to two years; “limited-time” campaign points can expire in months and sometimes redeem only in narrow services. The safe habit is to concentrate in one active ecosystem so the balance stays alive, and to spend limited-time points quickly on everyday items.\nCashback is best for people who prioritise simplicity and certainty; points are best for people who naturally use the ecosystem or can redeem miles well.","url":"/en/points/points-vs-cashback-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-points-are-earned:en","entityId":"guide:how-points-are-earned","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How points are earned in Japan","plainText":"Points come from a base rate (often 1% on cards), plus merchant/campaign bonuses; paying with a rewarding card while scanning a point app can legitimately stack two or three rewards.\nBase rates, bonus multipliers, limited-time points, and how legitimate stacking works.\nBase earning is typically 1 point per ¥100 on cards and some e-money.\nBonus multipliers come from merchants or campaigns (e.g. Rakuten SPU).\nLimited-time/campaign points often expire quickly — check the deadline.\nClosed-loop points (nanaco, WAON) differ from transferable points (Rakuten).\nStacking = merchant point + payment point on the same purchase, when each is eligible.\nBase earning and bonus multipliers\nThe base earning rate is the ordinary rate before campaigns or merchant bonuses. Many no-fee cards give one point per ¥100 (1%); a 0.5% card gives one per ¥200. On top of that, a bonus category — a specific merchant, a mobile-service bill, transit charging, or an issuer’s own marketplace — earns above the base. Rakuten’s SPU (Super Point Up) program is the best-known multiplier: using more Rakuten services raises the marketplace point rate, subject to conditions and caps.\nLimited-time points and closed vs transferable\nCampaigns frequently issue limited-time points with a fixed, often short deadline and sometimes narrower redemption options. Rakuten, d POINT, and PayPay all distinguish some form of ordinary and limited-use rewards, so always check whether a headline bonus is ordinary or limited before you rely on it.\nPoints also differ by portability. Closed-loop points like nanaco and WAON are mostly confined to one operator group and function like store e-money. Transferable points like Rakuten Points can move across a broad partner network or into other programs — subject to minimums and ratios.\nStacking: two or three rewards on one purchase\nStacking means receiving more than one legitimate reward from the same purchase — for example, merchant points from scanning a loyalty app plus payment points from the card or QR wallet used. At a convenience store you might scan a d POINT card (merchant point) and pay with a rewarding card or QR app (payment point). The critical check is that each layer is independently eligible: a card being accepted as a wallet funding source does not prove it earns points for that charge.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/how-points-are-earned","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-stacking","faq:rewards-limited-time","faq:points-value"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:redeem-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Points come from a base rate (often 1% on cards), plus merchant/campaign bonuses; paying with a rewarding card while scanning a point app can legitimately stack two or three rewards.\nBase rates, bonus multipliers, limited-time points, and how legitimate stacking works.\nBase earning is typically 1 point per ¥100 on cards and some e-money.\nBonus multipliers come from merchants or campaigns (e.g. Rakuten SPU).\nLimited-time/campaign points often expire quickly — check the deadline.\nClosed-loop points (nanaco, WAON) differ from transferable points (Rakuten).\nStacking = merchant point + payment point on the same purchase, when each is eligible.\nBase earning and bonus multipliers\nThe base earning rate is the ordinary rate before campaigns or merchant bonuses. Many no-fee cards give one point per ¥100 (1%); a 0.5% card gives one per ¥200. On top of that, a bonus category — a specific merchant, a mobile-service bill, transit charging, or an issuer’s own marketplace — earns above the base. Rakuten’s SPU (Super Point Up) program is the best-known multiplier: using more Rakuten services raises the marketplace point rate, subject to conditions and caps.\nLimited-time points and closed vs transferable\nCampaigns frequently issue limited-time points with a fixed, often short deadline and sometimes narrower redemption options. Rakuten, d POINT, and PayPay all distinguish some form of ordinary and limited-use rewards, so always check whether a headline bonus is ordinary or limited before you rely on it.\nPoints also differ by portability. Closed-loop points like nanaco and WAON are mostly confined to one operator group and function like store e-money. Transferable points like Rakuten Points can move across a broad partner network or into other programs — subject to minimums and ratios.\nStacking: two or three rewards on one purchase\nStacking means receiving more than one legitimate reward from the same purchase — for example, merchant points from scanning a loyalty app plus payment points from the card or QR wallet used. At a convenience store you might scan a d POINT card (merchant point) and pay with a rewarding card or QR app (payment point). The critical check is that each layer is independently eligible: a card being accepted as a wallet funding source does not prove it earns points for that charge.","url":"/en/points/how-points-are-earned","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:point-value-expiry:en","entityId":"guide:point-value-expiry","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Point value, expiry, and devaluation","plainText":"Most major points are worth about ¥1, but expiry and store-locking reduce real value; ordinary PayPay Points do not expire, while d POINT lasts 48 months and nanaco/WAON about two years.\nHow much a point is really worth, how expiry works program by program, and how to avoid losses.\nValue one point at what you will realistically redeem it for, not the maximum.\nOrdinary PayPay Points have no expiry; limited-time points do.\nd POINT ordinarily expires 48 months after acquisition.\nnanaco and WAON POINT have a maximum life of roughly two years.\nConcentrate in one ecosystem and spend limited-time points first.\nWhat a point is really worth\nA nominal “one point” is not necessarily worth ¥1. When spent in-store or on the operator’s marketplace, most major points redeem near ¥1. When transferred to airline miles, merchandise, or another currency, the realised value can be well under ¥1. Rakuten Points stay close to ¥1 for everyday use, but a store-locked balance like nanaco is less flexible even at the same nominal rate. Always value at the redemption you will actually use.\nExpiry rules by program\nSome programs use a fixed expiry date; others extend the entire balance whenever qualifying activity occurs. Ordinary PayPay Points currently have no expiration, while PayPay limited-time points do. Ordinary d POINT generally expires 48 months after acquisition. Ponta and V Points typically extend with qualifying activity (roughly one year from the latest change). WAON POINT’s earning-cycle structure creates a maximum life near two years, and nanaco points earned April–March generally expire at the end of the following March. JRE POINT generally expires after two years without qualifying earning or use.\nDevaluation and avoiding loss\nDevaluation is a reduction in value from a worse transfer ratio, higher award price, lower earning rate, new cap, or narrower eligibility. Programs change rules, so a balance you plan to hold for years carries risk. To avoid quiet losses: concentrate in one active ecosystem so your balance keeps extending, set reminders for limited-time points, and redeem before an announced change takes effect rather than after.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/point-value-expiry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-limited-time","faq:rewards-no-expiry","faq:points-expiry"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:how-points-are-earned","guide:avoid-overspend-points"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Most major points are worth about ¥1, but expiry and store-locking reduce real value; ordinary PayPay Points do not expire, while d POINT lasts 48 months and nanaco/WAON about two years.\nHow much a point is really worth, how expiry works program by program, and how to avoid losses.\nValue one point at what you will realistically redeem it for, not the maximum.\nOrdinary PayPay Points have no expiry; limited-time points do.\nd POINT ordinarily expires 48 months after acquisition.\nnanaco and WAON POINT have a maximum life of roughly two years.\nConcentrate in one ecosystem and spend limited-time points first.\nWhat a point is really worth\nA nominal “one point” is not necessarily worth ¥1. When spent in-store or on the operator’s marketplace, most major points redeem near ¥1. When transferred to airline miles, merchandise, or another currency, the realised value can be well under ¥1. Rakuten Points stay close to ¥1 for everyday use, but a store-locked balance like nanaco is less flexible even at the same nominal rate. Always value at the redemption you will actually use.\nExpiry rules by program\nSome programs use a fixed expiry date; others extend the entire balance whenever qualifying activity occurs. Ordinary PayPay Points currently have no expiration, while PayPay limited-time points do. Ordinary d POINT generally expires 48 months after acquisition. Ponta and V Points typically extend with qualifying activity (roughly one year from the latest change). WAON POINT’s earning-cycle structure creates a maximum life near two years, and nanaco points earned April–March generally expire at the end of the following March. JRE POINT generally expires after two years without qualifying earning or use.\nDevaluation and avoiding loss\nDevaluation is a reduction in value from a worse transfer ratio, higher award price, lower earning rate, new cap, or narrower eligibility. Programs change rules, so a balance you plan to hold for years carries risk. To avoid quiet losses: concentrate in one active ecosystem so your balance keeps extending, set reminders for limited-time points, and redeem before an announced change takes effect rather than after.","url":"/en/points/point-value-expiry","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:redeem-points-guide:en","entityId":"guide:redeem-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to redeem points efficiently","plainText":"Redeem most points at face value (≈¥1) on everyday spending or e-money top-ups; transferring to miles can beat ¥1 only when you have a realistic high-value award, and minimums apply.\nRedemption options, minimums, family pooling, and when transferring to miles makes sense.\nCommon uses: retailer discounts, e-money top-ups, gift vouchers, mile conversion.\nMinimums and increments apply — e.g. nanaco 500 pts → 250 ANA miles.\nSome programs allow family pooling; check the rules.\nTransferring to miles often yields under ¥1 per point unless the award is high-value.\nRedeem before expiry or an announced devaluation.\nRedemption options and minimums\nThe most reliable redemptions keep points near ¥1: paying at partner stores, topping up e-money, or applying points inside the operator’s app. Gift vouchers and merchandise vary and can be worse than ¥1. Watch minimums and increments — for example, nanaco points convert to ANA miles at 500 points for 250 miles, and many programs redeem only in fixed steps. Small minimums reduce the risk of stranded balances.\nTransferring to miles or other programs\nTransfer partners let you convert points into another currency, usually with a minimum, ratio, monthly limit, or restricted expiration. Ponta transfers to JAL miles at roughly two Ponta to one mile; several card points transfer to ANA or JAL. Direct conversion to miles often yields under ¥0.5 per point unless you have a genuinely high-value award (a long-haul premium seat you would actually buy). Do not transfer speculatively — transfer only to solve a specific redemption you will use.\nFamily pooling and foreign-friendly redemptions\nSome programs allow designated relatives to share or use points, which can help a household reach useful thresholds faster; rules differ by program. For redemptions that do not require a Japanese address — online shopping, e-money, in-app payment — points remain useful even if you move. Remember that points used at the time of an ordinary personal purchase are generally treated as a discount, not taxable income.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/redeem-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-transfer-miles","faq:rewards-minimum-redemption","faq:points-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:mile-value-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true},{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true},{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/law/shitsugi/shotoku/02/37.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Redeem most points at face value (≈¥1) on everyday spending or e-money top-ups; transferring to miles can beat ¥1 only when you have a realistic high-value award, and minimums apply.\nRedemption options, minimums, family pooling, and when transferring to miles makes sense.\nCommon uses: retailer discounts, e-money top-ups, gift vouchers, mile conversion.\nMinimums and increments apply — e.g. nanaco 500 pts → 250 ANA miles.\nSome programs allow family pooling; check the rules.\nTransferring to miles often yields under ¥1 per point unless the award is high-value.\nRedeem before expiry or an announced devaluation.\nRedemption options and minimums\nThe most reliable redemptions keep points near ¥1: paying at partner stores, topping up e-money, or applying points inside the operator’s app. Gift vouchers and merchandise vary and can be worse than ¥1. Watch minimums and increments — for example, nanaco points convert to ANA miles at 500 points for 250 miles, and many programs redeem only in fixed steps. Small minimums reduce the risk of stranded balances.\nTransferring to miles or other programs\nTransfer partners let you convert points into another currency, usually with a minimum, ratio, monthly limit, or restricted expiration. Ponta transfers to JAL miles at roughly two Ponta to one mile; several card points transfer to ANA or JAL. Direct conversion to miles often yields under ¥0.5 per point unless you have a genuinely high-value award (a long-haul premium seat you would actually buy). Do not transfer speculatively — transfer only to solve a specific redemption you will use.\nFamily pooling and foreign-friendly redemptions\nSome programs allow designated relatives to share or use points, which can help a household reach useful thresholds faster; rules differ by program. For redemptions that do not require a Japanese address — online shopping, e-money, in-app payment — points remain useful even if you move. Remember that points used at the time of an ordinary personal purchase are generally treated as a discount, not taxable income.","url":"/en/points/redeem-points-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:avoid-overspend-points:en","entityId":"guide:avoid-overspend-points","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Avoiding reward traps and debt","plainText":"A one-percent reward never justifies buying something unnecessary, carrying revolving credit-card debt, missing a payment, or tying up money badly — rewards should only discount spending you would do anyway.\nWhy chasing campaigns can cost more than it returns, and how to keep rewards from driving spending.\nChasing campaigns can cost more time and money than the reward is worth.\nPoints are a discount only when the spending was already planned.\nRevolving-credit interest can overwhelm years of rewards.\nMissed payments hurt your credit history in Japan.\nValue your time: an extra ¥6,000/year needing two hours a month is worth little.\nCampaign hype and spending discipline\nCampaigns are designed to change behaviour. A “lottery” or “up to” headline uses the top prize, not the expected value, and many campaigns require entry, a specific funding source, minimum transactions, or a deadline. Chasing them can cost more attention than they return. The central discipline is simple: points are a discount when you were going to make the purchase anyway, and a loss when they persuade you to buy something you did not need. A ¥10,000 purchase made only to earn 100 points is a ¥9,900 loss.\nDebt risk and credit score\nThe most dangerous trap is using revolving credit (リボ払い) to chase points. Japanese revolving interest is high and can overwhelm years of rewards; point optimisation should always assume paying every card in full each month. Missed or late payments also harm your credit history in Japan, which matters for future cards, loans, and even some rentals. No reward rate is worth risking that.\nValue your time\nEven legitimate optimisation has a cost. An extra ¥6,000 per year that requires two hours of tracking every month is worth only about ¥250 per hour before error and overspending risk. A sensible rule is to automate one primary ecosystem, ignore campaigns that change your purchasing behaviour, and review balances monthly rather than daily. Simplicity is usually the higher-return strategy.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/avoid-overspend-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-overspend","faq:rewards-revolving"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","guide:points-cashback-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/law/shitsugi/shotoku/02/37.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"A one-percent reward never justifies buying something unnecessary, carrying revolving credit-card debt, missing a payment, or tying up money badly — rewards should only discount spending you would do anyway.\nWhy chasing campaigns can cost more than it returns, and how to keep rewards from driving spending.\nChasing campaigns can cost more time and money than the reward is worth.\nPoints are a discount only when the spending was already planned.\nRevolving-credit interest can overwhelm years of rewards.\nMissed payments hurt your credit history in Japan.\nValue your time: an extra ¥6,000/year needing two hours a month is worth little.\nCampaign hype and spending discipline\nCampaigns are designed to change behaviour. A “lottery” or “up to” headline uses the top prize, not the expected value, and many campaigns require entry, a specific funding source, minimum transactions, or a deadline. Chasing them can cost more attention than they return. The central discipline is simple: points are a discount when you were going to make the purchase anyway, and a loss when they persuade you to buy something you did not need. A ¥10,000 purchase made only to earn 100 points is a ¥9,900 loss.\nDebt risk and credit score\nThe most dangerous trap is using revolving credit (リボ払い) to chase points. Japanese revolving interest is high and can overwhelm years of rewards; point optimisation should always assume paying every card in full each month. Missed or late payments also harm your credit history in Japan, which matters for future cards, loans, and even some rentals. No reward rate is worth risking that.\nValue your time\nEven legitimate optimisation has a cost. An extra ¥6,000 per year that requires two hours of tracking every month is worth only about ¥250 per hour before error and overspending risk. A sensible rule is to automate one primary ecosystem, ignore campaigns that change your purchasing behaviour, and review balances monthly rather than daily. Simplicity is usually the higher-return strategy.","url":"/en/points/avoid-overspend-points","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rakuten-points-guide:en","entityId":"guide:rakuten-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Point ecosystem guide","plainText":"Rakuten Points work across Rakuten shopping, card, pay, mobile, bank, and securities; they redeem at about ¥1 each, ordinary points extend with activity, and the SPU program raises marketplace earning.\nHow Rakuten Points are earned, used, and transferred across the Rakuten group.\nOperator: Rakuten Group; free Rakuten ID, no Japanese address needed for online shopping.\nRakuten Card earns about 1% (1 point per ¥100) on eligible general spend.\nSPU raises Rakuten Ichiba earning when you use more group services (caps apply).\nOrdinary points redeem at ≈¥1; limited-time points expire faster and are often non-transferable.\nBest fit: heavy Rakuten shoppers and residents inside the ecosystem.\nHow you earn and what it is worth\nRakuten Points are issued by Rakuten Group and used across Rakuten Ichiba, Rakuten Travel, Rakuten Pay, Rakuten Mobile, Rakuten Bank, and Rakuten Securities. Anyone can register a free Rakuten ID. The Rakuten Card ordinarily earns about 1% on eligible general purchases; Rakuten Ichiba adds marketplace points, and the SPU (Super Point Up) program raises the Ichiba rate as you use more group services, subject to conditions, caps, and limited-time treatment. Merchant presentation rates vary, and most points redeem at roughly ¥1 each.\nExpiry, transfers, and best card\nOrdinary Rakuten Points use activity-based validity, so a balance that keeps earning or spending stays alive; limited-time points have fixed deadlines and are generally excluded from transfers and some services. Points redeem at ≈¥1 on Rakuten sites and at local shops via Rakuten Pay, and can top up Suica through supported routes. Several exchange partners exist, but limited-time points are usually ineligible. The natural card is the no-fee Rakuten Card; note that card applications require Japanese residence and an address even though Rakuten offers some English information.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/rakuten-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-rakuten-spu","faq:points-which-ecosystem"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:rakuten-card","guide:rakuten-pay-guide","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://pointclub.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Rakuten Points work across Rakuten shopping, card, pay, mobile, bank, and securities; they redeem at about ¥1 each, ordinary points extend with activity, and the SPU program raises marketplace earning.\nHow Rakuten Points are earned, used, and transferred across the Rakuten group.\nOperator: Rakuten Group; free Rakuten ID, no Japanese address needed for online shopping.\nRakuten Card earns about 1% (1 point per ¥100) on eligible general spend.\nSPU raises Rakuten Ichiba earning when you use more group services (caps apply).\nOrdinary points redeem at ≈¥1; limited-time points expire faster and are often non-transferable.\nBest fit: heavy Rakuten shoppers and residents inside the ecosystem.\nHow you earn and what it is worth\nRakuten Points are issued by Rakuten Group and used across Rakuten Ichiba, Rakuten Travel, Rakuten Pay, Rakuten Mobile, Rakuten Bank, and Rakuten Securities. Anyone can register a free Rakuten ID. The Rakuten Card ordinarily earns about 1% on eligible general purchases; Rakuten Ichiba adds marketplace points, and the SPU (Super Point Up) program raises the Ichiba rate as you use more group services, subject to conditions, caps, and limited-time treatment. Merchant presentation rates vary, and most points redeem at roughly ¥1 each.\nExpiry, transfers, and best card\nOrdinary Rakuten Points use activity-based validity, so a balance that keeps earning or spending stays alive; limited-time points have fixed deadlines and are generally excluded from transfers and some services. Points redeem at ≈¥1 on Rakuten sites and at local shops via Rakuten Pay, and can top up Suica through supported routes. Several exchange partners exist, but limited-time points are usually ineligible. The natural card is the no-fee Rakuten Card; note that card applications require Japanese residence and an address even though Rakuten offers some English information.","url":"/en/points/rakuten-points-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:paypay-points-guide:en","entityId":"guide:paypay-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PayPay Points ecosystem guide","plainText":"PayPay is Japan’s dominant QR wallet; ordinary PayPay Points do not expire and redeem at ≈¥1, PayPay Step conditions govern earning, and points can exchange one-to-one with V Points (with limits).\nHow PayPay Points are earned through PayPay Step and campaigns, and why ordinary points do not expire.\nOperator: PayPay Corporation; app account with Japanese mobile authentication.\nOrdinary PayPay Points have no expiration; limited-time points expire.\nPayPay Step (with required KYC since June 2, 2026) governs the earn rate.\nPoint-funded portions do not earn Step rewards; points cannot be sent or withdrawn.\nOne-to-one V Point exchange from 100 points, with daily/monthly limits.\nEarning, Step, and campaigns\nPayPay is a code-payment platform accepted at a very large merchant network, including convenience stores, retail chains, and small shops. You register in the app with Japanese mobile authentication. Earning is governed by PayPay Step, whose eligibility depends on payment method and monthly conditions; since June 2, 2026 identity verification is required, and any portion paid with PayPay Points is excluded from Step rewards. Frequent nationwide campaigns and lotteries add value, but their advertised “up to” rates assume perfect eligibility.\nNo-expiry ordinary points, use, and exchange\nThe headline advantage is that ordinary PayPay Points have no expiration, so casual small-merchant spending accumulates without expiry pressure; limited-time points do expire and are usable only in designated LINE Yahoo services. Ordinary points (≈¥1) can pay for any PayPay balance purchase, and some bill payments, but points cannot be sent to friends or withdrawn — only eligible PayPay Money can. Since March 2026, points can exchange one-to-one with V Points from 100 points, subject to daily and monthly limits.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/paypay-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-expiry","faq:rewards-paypay-vpoint","faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:paypay-app-guide","guide:paypay-card","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0402/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"PayPay is Japan’s dominant QR wallet; ordinary PayPay Points do not expire and redeem at ≈¥1, PayPay Step conditions govern earning, and points can exchange one-to-one with V Points (with limits).\nHow PayPay Points are earned through PayPay Step and campaigns, and why ordinary points do not expire.\nOperator: PayPay Corporation; app account with Japanese mobile authentication.\nOrdinary PayPay Points have no expiration; limited-time points expire.\nPayPay Step (with required KYC since June 2, 2026) governs the earn rate.\nPoint-funded portions do not earn Step rewards; points cannot be sent or withdrawn.\nOne-to-one V Point exchange from 100 points, with daily/monthly limits.\nEarning, Step, and campaigns\nPayPay is a code-payment platform accepted at a very large merchant network, including convenience stores, retail chains, and small shops. You register in the app with Japanese mobile authentication. Earning is governed by PayPay Step, whose eligibility depends on payment method and monthly conditions; since June 2, 2026 identity verification is required, and any portion paid with PayPay Points is excluded from Step rewards. Frequent nationwide campaigns and lotteries add value, but their advertised “up to” rates assume perfect eligibility.\nNo-expiry ordinary points, use, and exchange\nThe headline advantage is that ordinary PayPay Points have no expiration, so casual small-merchant spending accumulates without expiry pressure; limited-time points do expire and are usable only in designated LINE Yahoo services. Ordinary points (≈¥1) can pay for any PayPay balance purchase, and some bill payments, but points cannot be sent to friends or withdrawn — only eligible PayPay Money can. Since March 2026, points can exchange one-to-one with V Points from 100 points, subject to daily and monthly limits.","url":"/en/points/paypay-points-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:d-point-club-guide:en","entityId":"guide:d-point-club-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"d POINT (NTT DOCOMO) program guide","plainText":"A free d Account is open to anyone, even without a docomo contract; d払い earns about 0.5% (1% with eligible d Card funding), and ordinary d POINT generally expires 48 months after acquisition.\nHow d POINT works for docomo and non-docomo users, including d払い and d CARD.\nOperator: NTT DOCOMO; d Account available even without a docomo mobile contract.\nMerchant earn rates vary; d払い normally earns 0.5%, or ~1% with eligible d Card funding.\nStrong presence at Lawson and many participating merchants.\nOrdinary d POINT generally expires 48 months after acquisition.\nAirline and partner exchanges exist; ratios and minimums vary.\nJoining and earning\nd POINT is operated by NTT DOCOMO, and a free d Account can be created by anyone as a private individual — you do not need a docomo mobile contract. You earn by presenting a d POINT card or app at participating merchants (Lawson and many others), by using d払い, and through the d Card. Merchant rates vary; d払い normally earns about 0.5%, rising to roughly 1% before store points when funded by an eligible d Card (0.5% payment plus 0.5% funding bonus). Note that from September 1, 2026, the d Card funding bonus was scheduled to be issued as limited-time/use points.\nUsing, expiry, and transfers\nd POINT redeems at ≈¥1 at partner stores such as Lawson and docomo shops, can offset docomo phone bills, and can pay through the d払い app. Ordinary d POINT generally expires 48 months after acquisition, while limited-time/use points have their own shorter deadlines and eligible services. Airline and partner exchanges exist with varying ratios and minimums. For foreign residents, no docomo contract is needed to join, but app SMS authentication commonly requires a Japanese phone number.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/d-point-club-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-dpoint-account","faq:rewards-dbarai-rate"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:d-barai-guide","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"A free d Account is open to anyone, even without a docomo contract; d払い earns about 0.5% (1% with eligible d Card funding), and ordinary d POINT generally expires 48 months after acquisition.\nHow d POINT works for docomo and non-docomo users, including d払い and d CARD.\nOperator: NTT DOCOMO; d Account available even without a docomo mobile contract.\nMerchant earn rates vary; d払い normally earns 0.5%, or ~1% with eligible d Card funding.\nStrong presence at Lawson and many participating merchants.\nOrdinary d POINT generally expires 48 months after acquisition.\nAirline and partner exchanges exist; ratios and minimums vary.\nJoining and earning\nd POINT is operated by NTT DOCOMO, and a free d Account can be created by anyone as a private individual — you do not need a docomo mobile contract. You earn by presenting a d POINT card or app at participating merchants (Lawson and many others), by using d払い, and through the d Card. Merchant rates vary; d払い normally earns about 0.5%, rising to roughly 1% before store points when funded by an eligible d Card (0.5% payment plus 0.5% funding bonus). Note that from September 1, 2026, the d Card funding bonus was scheduled to be issued as limited-time/use points.\nUsing, expiry, and transfers\nd POINT redeems at ≈¥1 at partner stores such as Lawson and docomo shops, can offset docomo phone bills, and can pay through the d払い app. Ordinary d POINT generally expires 48 months after acquisition, while limited-time/use points have their own shorter deadlines and eligible services. Airline and partner exchanges exist with varying ratios and minimums. For foreign residents, no docomo contract is needed to join, but app SMS authentication commonly requires a Japanese phone number.","url":"/en/points/d-point-club-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ponta-points-guide:en","entityId":"guide:ponta-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Ponta points program guide","plainText":"Ponta is earned at Lawson, au, Recruit services, and partners at ≈¥1 per point; it exchanges to JAL miles at about two Ponta to one mile, and a standard balance generally expires after one year without activity.\nHow Ponta ties Lawson, au, Recruit, and JAL together, and how expiry works.\nOperator: Loyalty Marketing within the KDDI/Recruit ecosystem.\nEarn at Lawson, au, Recruit services, and participating retailers.\nau integration: Ponta and au PAY connect for spending and billing.\nExchanges to JAL miles at roughly two Ponta to one mile.\nStandard balance generally expires after one year without qualifying activity.\nEarning and the au connection\nPonta is a merchant-specific loyalty currency earned at Lawson, au services, Recruit services (such as Hot Pepper and Jalan), gas stations, and many other affiliates, commonly usable around ¥1 per point. Its defining feature is the KDDI/au integration: Ponta is the point companion for au PAY, so au and UQ mobile customers can earn and spend Ponta through the wallet and pay au-related bills. Presenting the Ponta ID (card or app) before paying is what triggers the merchant reward.\nRedemption, JAL, and expiry\nPonta typically redeems at ≈¥1 at the same stores or through au-service redemptions; for example, 100 Ponta can become ¥100 of au PAY balance. Its most valuable transfer is to JAL miles, ordinarily at two Ponta points to one mile, which makes it a natural fit for JAL flyers. A standard Ponta balance generally expires after one year without an earning or use transaction, though some KDDI-issued or campaign points follow different rules. Foreign residents can join Lawson Ponta easily, but linking to au PAY generally needs a Japanese mobile or bank account.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/ponta-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-ponta-jal","faq:points-which-ecosystem"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:au-pay-guide","guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true},{"publisher":"KDDI","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Ponta is earned at Lawson, au, Recruit services, and partners at ≈¥1 per point; it exchanges to JAL miles at about two Ponta to one mile, and a standard balance generally expires after one year without activity.\nHow Ponta ties Lawson, au, Recruit, and JAL together, and how expiry works.\nOperator: Loyalty Marketing within the KDDI/Recruit ecosystem.\nEarn at Lawson, au, Recruit services, and participating retailers.\nau integration: Ponta and au PAY connect for spending and billing.\nExchanges to JAL miles at roughly two Ponta to one mile.\nStandard balance generally expires after one year without qualifying activity.\nEarning and the au connection\nPonta is a merchant-specific loyalty currency earned at Lawson, au services, Recruit services (such as Hot Pepper and Jalan), gas stations, and many other affiliates, commonly usable around ¥1 per point. Its defining feature is the KDDI/au integration: Ponta is the point companion for au PAY, so au and UQ mobile customers can earn and spend Ponta through the wallet and pay au-related bills. Presenting the Ponta ID (card or app) before paying is what triggers the merchant reward.\nRedemption, JAL, and expiry\nPonta typically redeems at ≈¥1 at the same stores or through au-service redemptions; for example, 100 Ponta can become ¥100 of au PAY balance. Its most valuable transfer is to JAL miles, ordinarily at two Ponta points to one mile, which makes it a natural fit for JAL flyers. A standard Ponta balance generally expires after one year without an earning or use transaction, though some KDDI-issued or campaign points follow different rules. Foreign residents can join Lawson Ponta easily, but linking to au PAY generally needs a Japanese mobile or bank account.","url":"/en/points/ponta-points-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:v-points-guide:en","entityId":"guide:v-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"V Points (SMBC/Visa) program guide","plainText":"V Points integrate the former T Point and SMBC V Point systems; they redeem near ¥1 at many partner stores, exchange one-to-one with PayPay Points (limits apply), and connect to SMBC/Olive cards and SBI Securities.\nThe merged T Point / SMBC V Point network, and how it links cards, banking, and investment.\nOperator: CCC/SMBC-led V Point network (former T Point integrated).\nEarn by presenting the mobile V Point card and by using SMBC-linked cards.\nOne-to-one PayPay exchange, minimum 100, once per day, up to 30,000/month.\nAlso supports WAON exchanges under current terms.\nUsually one year from the latest qualifying balance change; converted balances can differ.\nEarning across the V Point network\nV Points are the merged system of the former T Point and SMBC’s V Point, operated in the CCC/SMBC-led network. You earn by presenting the mobile V Point card or a physical point card at partners (convenience stores, FamilyMart, and many retailers), by using SMBC-linked Visa cards, and through account and investment activity. Merchant presentation and card-payment rates vary, and practical cash-like use is often near ¥1 through eligible redemptions.\nExchange, uses, and expiry\nV Points redeem at ≈¥1 at a very large partner network and can pay SMBC card charges, fund investment at SBI Securities, or load V Point Pay for contactless Visa use. Since March 2026 they exchange one-to-one with PayPay Points, minimum 100, once per day and up to 30,000 per month — but a converted V balance carries a fixed one-year validity, so exchange should solve an actual redemption problem, not just move points between apps. Ordinary points usually extend for one year from the latest qualifying balance change.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/v-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-paypay-vpoint","faq:rewards-vpoint-waon"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:smbc-numberless-card","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0402/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"V Points integrate the former T Point and SMBC V Point systems; they redeem near ¥1 at many partner stores, exchange one-to-one with PayPay Points (limits apply), and connect to SMBC/Olive cards and SBI Securities.\nThe merged T Point / SMBC V Point network, and how it links cards, banking, and investment.\nOperator: CCC/SMBC-led V Point network (former T Point integrated).\nEarn by presenting the mobile V Point card and by using SMBC-linked cards.\nOne-to-one PayPay exchange, minimum 100, once per day, up to 30,000/month.\nAlso supports WAON exchanges under current terms.\nUsually one year from the latest qualifying balance change; converted balances can differ.\nEarning across the V Point network\nV Points are the merged system of the former T Point and SMBC’s V Point, operated in the CCC/SMBC-led network. You earn by presenting the mobile V Point card or a physical point card at partners (convenience stores, FamilyMart, and many retailers), by using SMBC-linked Visa cards, and through account and investment activity. Merchant presentation and card-payment rates vary, and practical cash-like use is often near ¥1 through eligible redemptions.\nExchange, uses, and expiry\nV Points redeem at ≈¥1 at a very large partner network and can pay SMBC card charges, fund investment at SBI Securities, or load V Point Pay for contactless Visa use. Since March 2026 they exchange one-to-one with PayPay Points, minimum 100, once per day and up to 30,000 per month — but a converted V balance carries a fixed one-year validity, so exchange should solve an actual redemption problem, not just move points between apps. Ordinary points usually extend for one year from the latest qualifying balance change.","url":"/en/points/v-points-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:waon-point-guide:en","entityId":"guide:waon-point-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"WAON POINT (AEON) program guide","plainText":"WAON POINT is AEON’s loyalty currency, earned at AEON-group stores and usable at ≈¥1, with a maximum life of roughly two years; it is distinct from WAON stored-value e-money.\nHow WAON POINT rewards AEON-group grocery shopping, and how it differs from WAON e-money.\nOperator: AEON Group; AEON apps, WAON POINT card, and eligible AEON/WAON cards.\nEarned especially at AEON-group stores; generally usable at about ¥1 per point.\nAEON Card and special member days can raise earning on group stores.\nMaximum life of roughly two years under the earning-cycle structure.\nWAON POINT (loyalty) is different from WAON electronic money (stored value).\nEarning at AEON-group stores\nWAON POINT is the AEON Group’s loyalty currency. You obtain it through the AEON/iAEON apps, a WAON POINT card, or eligible WAON/AEON cards, and earn merchant-specific points especially at AEON-group stores such as AEON, MaxValu, and other group supermarkets. Paying with an AEON Card, and shopping on special member days, can raise the effective earn on group stores. Because grocery shopping is high-frequency, these store-specific days and coupons can matter more than a small difference between general-purpose cards.\nUse, expiry, and the e-money distinction\nWAON POINT redeems at ≈¥1 toward purchases at AEON-group and affiliated shops and can be exchanged into other value under current rules, including topping up WAON electronic money. The earning-cycle structure means points earned in a period expire at the end of a later fiscal-style cycle, producing a maximum life of roughly two years. Keep the two “WAON” concepts separate: WAON POINT is a loyalty currency, while WAON electronic money is a prepaid stored-value rail — older materials sometimes blur them. AEON Card applications are generally limited to residents.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/waon-point-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco","faq:rewards-supermarket-best"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:supermarket-points","guide:aeon-card","guide:emoney-payment-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/ct/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"WAON POINT is AEON’s loyalty currency, earned at AEON-group stores and usable at ≈¥1, with a maximum life of roughly two years; it is distinct from WAON stored-value e-money.\nHow WAON POINT rewards AEON-group grocery shopping, and how it differs from WAON e-money.\nOperator: AEON Group; AEON apps, WAON POINT card, and eligible AEON/WAON cards.\nEarned especially at AEON-group stores; generally usable at about ¥1 per point.\nAEON Card and special member days can raise earning on group stores.\nMaximum life of roughly two years under the earning-cycle structure.\nWAON POINT (loyalty) is different from WAON electronic money (stored value).\nEarning at AEON-group stores\nWAON POINT is the AEON Group’s loyalty currency. You obtain it through the AEON/iAEON apps, a WAON POINT card, or eligible WAON/AEON cards, and earn merchant-specific points especially at AEON-group stores such as AEON, MaxValu, and other group supermarkets. Paying with an AEON Card, and shopping on special member days, can raise the effective earn on group stores. Because grocery shopping is high-frequency, these store-specific days and coupons can matter more than a small difference between general-purpose cards.\nUse, expiry, and the e-money distinction\nWAON POINT redeems at ≈¥1 toward purchases at AEON-group and affiliated shops and can be exchanged into other value under current rules, including topping up WAON electronic money. The earning-cycle structure means points earned in a period expire at the end of a later fiscal-style cycle, producing a maximum life of roughly two years. Keep the two “WAON” concepts separate: WAON POINT is a loyalty currency, while WAON electronic money is a prepaid stored-value rail — older materials sometimes blur them. AEON Card applications are generally limited to residents.","url":"/en/points/waon-point-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nanaco-points-guide:en","entityId":"guide:nanaco-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"nanaco points (Seven & i) program guide","plainText":"nanaco points are earned at Seven & i merchants, convert into nanaco electronic money at ¥1 each, and points earned April–March generally expire at the end of the following March — a largely closed-loop system.\nHow nanaco points are earned at Seven & i stores, converted to e-money, and how expiry works.\nOperator: Seven & i (Seven Card Service); free nanaco card or app.\nEarned at participating Seven & i merchants and campaigns.\nPoints convert into nanaco electronic money (¥1 each) after registration.\nPoints earned April–March generally expire at the end of the following March.\nPrimarily a closed-loop Seven & i value system, not an airline-transfer currency.\nEarning and converting to e-money\nnanaco points are operated within Seven & i Holdings and earned at participating merchants — Seven-Eleven, Ito-Yokado, Denny’s and others — plus campaigns. You get a free nanaco card or mobile app. Accumulated points can be converted into nanaco electronic money at ¥1 each, which you then spend across the Seven & i network. A key caution: never assume that charging nanaco with an arbitrary credit card earns that card’s points — only specifically eligible funding routes qualify.\nExpiry and closed-loop nature\nPoints earned from April through the following March generally expire at the end of the next March, creating a maximum life near two years. nanaco is primarily a closed-loop Seven & i value system rather than an airline-transfer currency, so its value is realised inside the Seven & i network. Foreign residents can use nanaco with little friction (no ID for basic use), though earning base card points requires a specifically eligible card. The best fit is anyone who regularly shops at Seven-Eleven and Ito-Yokado.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/nanaco-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco","faq:rewards-seven-eleven-best"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:convenience-store-points","guide:emoney-payment-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"nanaco points are earned at Seven & i merchants, convert into nanaco electronic money at ¥1 each, and points earned April–March generally expire at the end of the following March — a largely closed-loop system.\nHow nanaco points are earned at Seven & i stores, converted to e-money, and how expiry works.\nOperator: Seven & i (Seven Card Service); free nanaco card or app.\nEarned at participating Seven & i merchants and campaigns.\nPoints convert into nanaco electronic money (¥1 each) after registration.\nPoints earned April–March generally expire at the end of the following March.\nPrimarily a closed-loop Seven & i value system, not an airline-transfer currency.\nEarning and converting to e-money\nnanaco points are operated within Seven & i Holdings and earned at participating merchants — Seven-Eleven, Ito-Yokado, Denny’s and others — plus campaigns. You get a free nanaco card or mobile app. Accumulated points can be converted into nanaco electronic money at ¥1 each, which you then spend across the Seven & i network. A key caution: never assume that charging nanaco with an arbitrary credit card earns that card’s points — only specifically eligible funding routes qualify.\nExpiry and closed-loop nature\nPoints earned from April through the following March generally expire at the end of the next March, creating a maximum life near two years. nanaco is primarily a closed-loop Seven & i value system rather than an airline-transfer currency, so its value is realised inside the Seven & i network. Foreign residents can use nanaco with little friction (no ID for basic use), though earning base card points requires a specifically eligible card. The best fit is anyone who regularly shops at Seven-Eleven and Ito-Yokado.","url":"/en/points/nanaco-points-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:jre-point-guide:en","entityId":"guide:jre-point-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JRE POINT and transit rewards (JR East)","plainText":"Registered Mobile Suica earns 1 JRE POINT per ¥50 (2%) on eligible JR East rides while registered physical Suica earns 1 per ¥200 (0.5%); View Card charging adds 1.5%, and points redeem at ≈¥1.\nHow commuters earn JRE POINT via Suica and View cards, and how ride points differ by device.\nOperator: JR East; account, app, registered Suica, and station-building cards.\nRegistered Mobile Suica: 1 point per ¥50 (2%) on eligible JR East rides.\nRegistered physical Suica: 1 point per ¥200 (0.5%) on eligible rides.\nView Card charging earns 1.5%, stacking with ride points.\nBalance generally expires after two years without qualifying activity.\nEarning JRE POINT on rides and charging\nJRE POINT unifies Suica, eki-net, and station-building rewards under JR East. You get a JRE POINT card or use Mobile Suica linked to a JRE POINT account. The ride-earning rate depends on the device: registered Mobile Suica earns one point per ¥50 on eligible JR East rides (2%), while registered physical Suica earns one per ¥200 (0.5%). Charging Suica with a View card adds about 1.5%, so a registered Mobile Suica funded by a View card can stack a nominal 3.5% on eligible travel. The Suica must be registered to JRE POINT to earn ride points.\nUsing points and expiry\nPoints are commonly usable at ≈¥1 each: at station stores, kiosks, and shopping malls, charged to Suica, or applied to JR East train products. Not every Suica transaction is a qualifying JR East ride — the 2% rate applies to eligible rides, not every merchant purchase, and pass products have separate rates. The balance generally expires after two years without qualifying earning or use, with activity extending validity. Many railway rewards need a Japanese address and phone, so they can be less accessible to non-residents.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/jre-point-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-suica-register","faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:train-commuter-rewards","guide:view-card-standard","guide:mobile-suica-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Registered Mobile Suica earns 1 JRE POINT per ¥50 (2%) on eligible JR East rides while registered physical Suica earns 1 per ¥200 (0.5%); View Card charging adds 1.5%, and points redeem at ≈¥1.\nHow commuters earn JRE POINT via Suica and View cards, and how ride points differ by device.\nOperator: JR East; account, app, registered Suica, and station-building cards.\nRegistered Mobile Suica: 1 point per ¥50 (2%) on eligible JR East rides.\nRegistered physical Suica: 1 point per ¥200 (0.5%) on eligible rides.\nView Card charging earns 1.5%, stacking with ride points.\nBalance generally expires after two years without qualifying activity.\nEarning JRE POINT on rides and charging\nJRE POINT unifies Suica, eki-net, and station-building rewards under JR East. You get a JRE POINT card or use Mobile Suica linked to a JRE POINT account. The ride-earning rate depends on the device: registered Mobile Suica earns one point per ¥50 on eligible JR East rides (2%), while registered physical Suica earns one per ¥200 (0.5%). Charging Suica with a View card adds about 1.5%, so a registered Mobile Suica funded by a View card can stack a nominal 3.5% on eligible travel. The Suica must be registered to JRE POINT to earn ride points.\nUsing points and expiry\nPoints are commonly usable at ≈¥1 each: at station stores, kiosks, and shopping malls, charged to Suica, or applied to JR East train products. Not every Suica transaction is a qualifying JR East ride — the 2% rate applies to eligible rides, not every merchant purchase, and pass products have separate rates. The balance generally expires after two years without qualifying earning or use, with activity extending validity. Many railway rewards need a Japanese address and phone, so they can be less accessible to non-residents.","url":"/en/points/jre-point-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:convenience-store-points:en","entityId":"guide:convenience-store-points","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Convenience-store loyalty programs","plainText":"Each chain has its own program: 7-Eleven/nanaco, Lawson/Ponta and d POINT, FamilyMart/V Points and FamiPay, Ministop/WAON — present the membership code, then pay with the best eligible route.\nWhich point brand each major konbini uses, and how to combine store and payment rewards.\n7-Eleven: nanaco and Seven Mile; Lawson: Ponta and d POINT.\nFamilyMart: V Points (former T-Point) and FamiPay; Ministop: WAON.\nPresent the store membership code before paying where required.\nThe store app may add coupons or missions independent of the payment reward.\nSMBC NL smartphone-touch can reach 7% at eligible chains (method-specific).\nWhich program each chain uses\nConvenience stores each anchor a different point brand. Seven-Eleven uses nanaco (plus Seven Mile through the app). Lawson participates in both Ponta and d POINT, so you can present either. FamilyMart uses V Points (the former T-Point) and its own FamiPay wallet, which adds a cash-back layer. Ministop, in the AEON group, uses WAON POINT. Presenting the correct membership code before paying is what earns the merchant point; the payment method earns a separate reward on top.\nCombining store and payment rewards\nThe efficient pattern is to scan the store membership, apply any app coupon, then pay with the best eligible route — a rewarding card or a QR wallet. Where you use SMBC’s selected-store smartphone-touch route at eligible chains, the reward can reach seven percent, but only via the exact eligible smartphone contactless path; physical-card touch and iD are excluded, and you must not add a separate base 0.5% because seven percent already includes it. Card rewards are normally calculated on the amount after any coupon discount.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/convenience-store-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-seven-eleven-best","faq:rewards-lawson-best","faq:rewards-familymart-best"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:convenience-shopper-rewards","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:smbc-numberless-card"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Each chain has its own program: 7-Eleven/nanaco, Lawson/Ponta and d POINT, FamilyMart/V Points and FamiPay, Ministop/WAON — present the membership code, then pay with the best eligible route.\nWhich point brand each major konbini uses, and how to combine store and payment rewards.\n7-Eleven: nanaco and Seven Mile; Lawson: Ponta and d POINT.\nFamilyMart: V Points (former T-Point) and FamiPay; Ministop: WAON.\nPresent the store membership code before paying where required.\nThe store app may add coupons or missions independent of the payment reward.\nSMBC NL smartphone-touch can reach 7% at eligible chains (method-specific).\nWhich program each chain uses\nConvenience stores each anchor a different point brand. Seven-Eleven uses nanaco (plus Seven Mile through the app). Lawson participates in both Ponta and d POINT, so you can present either. FamilyMart uses V Points (the former T-Point) and its own FamiPay wallet, which adds a cash-back layer. Ministop, in the AEON group, uses WAON POINT. Presenting the correct membership code before paying is what earns the merchant point; the payment method earns a separate reward on top.\nCombining store and payment rewards\nThe efficient pattern is to scan the store membership, apply any app coupon, then pay with the best eligible route — a rewarding card or a QR wallet. Where you use SMBC’s selected-store smartphone-touch route at eligible chains, the reward can reach seven percent, but only via the exact eligible smartphone contactless path; physical-card touch and iD are excluded, and you must not add a separate base 0.5% because seven percent already includes it. Card rewards are normally calculated on the amount after any coupon discount.","url":"/en/points/convenience-store-points","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:supermarket-points:en","entityId":"guide:supermarket-points","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Supermarket loyalty programs","plainText":"AEON uses WAON POINT, Ito-Yokado uses nanaco, Seiyu leans on Rakuten Points, and several chains use their own cards; a store’s high-frequency member days often outweigh a small card-rate difference.\nWhich points major supermarkets use, and why store-specific member days often beat card differences.\nAEON/MaxValu: WAON POINT; Ito-Yokado: nanaco.\nSeiyu leans on Rakuten Points; Life uses LaCuCa; Tokyu Store uses TOKYU POINT.\nLocal co-op and chain cards can dominate in one region.\nStore member days and coupons often beat a small general-card difference.\nOnline grocery (e.g. Rakuten Seiyu Netsuper) can add ecosystem points.\nWhich points supermarkets use\nSupermarket rewards are fragmented. AEON-group stores (AEON, MaxValu) use WAON POINT; Ito-Yokado uses nanaco; Seiyu leans toward Rakuten Points; Life uses its LaCuCa card; Tokyu Store uses TOKYU POINT; and many local co-op and regional chains run their own cards that can dominate in one prefecture. Because groceries are bought frequently, the practical winner is usually the store you actually visit weekly, paired with its own program rather than a marginally higher general card.\nMember days and payment choice\nA supermarket’s own high-frequency member days — discounts on the 5th and 20th, senior days, or double-point days — can outweigh a small difference between general-purpose cards, so join the store’s free program first. Then pay with WAON at AEON or a rewarding card/e-money elsewhere to add a payment reward. Online grocery services such as Rakuten Seiyu Netsuper can also earn ecosystem points, which is useful if you already concentrate in that ecosystem.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/supermarket-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-supermarket-best","faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:waon-point-guide","guide:nanaco-points-guide","guide:family-rewards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"AEON uses WAON POINT, Ito-Yokado uses nanaco, Seiyu leans on Rakuten Points, and several chains use their own cards; a store’s high-frequency member days often outweigh a small card-rate difference.\nWhich points major supermarkets use, and why store-specific member days often beat card differences.\nAEON/MaxValu: WAON POINT; Ito-Yokado: nanaco.\nSeiyu leans on Rakuten Points; Life uses LaCuCa; Tokyu Store uses TOKYU POINT.\nLocal co-op and chain cards can dominate in one region.\nStore member days and coupons often beat a small general-card difference.\nOnline grocery (e.g. Rakuten Seiyu Netsuper) can add ecosystem points.\nWhich points supermarkets use\nSupermarket rewards are fragmented. AEON-group stores (AEON, MaxValu) use WAON POINT; Ito-Yokado uses nanaco; Seiyu leans toward Rakuten Points; Life uses its LaCuCa card; Tokyu Store uses TOKYU POINT; and many local co-op and regional chains run their own cards that can dominate in one prefecture. Because groceries are bought frequently, the practical winner is usually the store you actually visit weekly, paired with its own program rather than a marginally higher general card.\nMember days and payment choice\nA supermarket’s own high-frequency member days — discounts on the 5th and 20th, senior days, or double-point days — can outweigh a small difference between general-purpose cards, so join the store’s free program first. Then pay with WAON at AEON or a rewarding card/e-money elsewhere to add a payment reward. Online grocery services such as Rakuten Seiyu Netsuper can also earn ecosystem points, which is useful if you already concentrate in that ecosystem.","url":"/en/points/supermarket-points","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:electronics-store-points:en","entityId":"guide:electronics-store-points","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Electronics-store points (Bic, Yodobashi, Yamada)","plainText":"Chains like Yodobashi and Bic Camera award high store points (often ~10% on cash), but card payment can lower the rate and rival stores may have a lower cash price — compare the final price, warranty, and points together.\nHow high electronics-store point rates work, and why the final cash price still matters most.\nYodobashi Gold Point and BicCamera points can be high (often ~10% on cash).\nYamada, Edion, Joshin, and K’s run their own point cards.\nCard payment can reduce the store-point rate on some products.\nBic Camera Suica cards combine store points with Suica/JRE functions.\nCompare final cash price, warranty, and points — not the headline percentage alone.\nHow electronics points work\nElectronics chains give unusually high store-point rates — Yodobashi’s Gold Point and BicCamera points are commonly around 10% when you pay by cash — and Yamada, Edion, Joshin, and K’s Denki run their own cards, typically near 1% or with promotional discount days. The catch is that paying by credit card can lower the store-point rate on some products, because the store shares the card-network cost. Bic Camera Suica cards are a useful hybrid, combining store points with Suica and JRE POINT functionality.\nWhy the final price matters most\nA higher headline point rate is not automatically the better deal. Store-point rates can differ by product and payment method, so you should compare the final cash price after points, the warranty, and any reduced-point payment method across retailers. Buying from a more expensive store for more points rarely wins unless the usable reward and other benefits exceed the price gap. Point-reduced payment (paying partly with existing points) can also change which method earns most.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/electronics-store-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:bic-camera-suica-card","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Chains like Yodobashi and Bic Camera award high store points (often ~10% on cash), but card payment can lower the rate and rival stores may have a lower cash price — compare the final price, warranty, and points together.\nHow high electronics-store point rates work, and why the final cash price still matters most.\nYodobashi Gold Point and BicCamera points can be high (often ~10% on cash).\nYamada, Edion, Joshin, and K’s run their own point cards.\nCard payment can reduce the store-point rate on some products.\nBic Camera Suica cards combine store points with Suica/JRE functions.\nCompare final cash price, warranty, and points — not the headline percentage alone.\nHow electronics points work\nElectronics chains give unusually high store-point rates — Yodobashi’s Gold Point and BicCamera points are commonly around 10% when you pay by cash — and Yamada, Edion, Joshin, and K’s Denki run their own cards, typically near 1% or with promotional discount days. The catch is that paying by credit card can lower the store-point rate on some products, because the store shares the card-network cost. Bic Camera Suica cards are a useful hybrid, combining store points with Suica and JRE POINT functionality.\nWhy the final price matters most\nA higher headline point rate is not automatically the better deal. Store-point rates can differ by product and payment method, so you should compare the final cash price after points, the warranty, and any reduced-point payment method across retailers. Buying from a more expensive store for more points rarely wins unless the usable reward and other benefits exceed the price gap. Point-reduced payment (paying partly with existing points) can also change which method earns most.","url":"/en/points/electronics-store-points","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fuel-points-automobile:en","entityId":"guide:fuel-points-automobile","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fuel and automobile rewards","plainText":"Fuel chains link to points (ENEOS, Idemitsu/Ponta or Rakuten, Cosmo) and proprietary fuel cards; convert any yen-per-litre discount into an effective percentage at the current pump price, and value a nearby station over theoretical network breadth.\nHow fuel-chain points work and why yen-per-litre discounts should be converted to a percentage.\nENEOS-linked programs and cards; Idemitsu relates to Ponta or Rakuten.\nCosmo and proprietary fuel cards offer per-litre discounts.\nConvert yen-per-litre discounts into an effective percentage at pump price.\nA nearby station usually matters more than network breadth.\nCar rental and maintenance chains (e.g. Autobacs) run their own points.\nFuel-chain points and cards\nFuel rewards come in two forms: national point participation and proprietary fuel cards. ENEOS links to point programs and its own cards; Idemitsu (apollostation) relates to Ponta or Rakuten depending on the offer; Cosmo and others run proprietary cards. A fuel card often gives a per-litre discount rather than a percentage, which makes comparison confusing. The correct method is to convert the yen-per-litre discount into an effective percentage at the current pump price, then compare it with a general 1% card.\nLocation, rental, and maintenance\nFor fuel, a nearby station with a pump-price discount usually matters more than a theoretically broader network — the time and detour cost of driving to a distant station can erase the reward. Car rental (Times, Nippon Rent-A-Car) and maintenance chains (Autobacs) run their own point cards, which are worth joining only if you use them regularly. As always, treat these rewards as a discount on driving you would do anyway.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/fuel-points-automobile","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-fuel-percentage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ponta-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Fuel chains link to points (ENEOS, Idemitsu/Ponta or Rakuten, Cosmo) and proprietary fuel cards; convert any yen-per-litre discount into an effective percentage at the current pump price, and value a nearby station over theoretical network breadth.\nHow fuel-chain points work and why yen-per-litre discounts should be converted to a percentage.\nENEOS-linked programs and cards; Idemitsu relates to Ponta or Rakuten.\nCosmo and proprietary fuel cards offer per-litre discounts.\nConvert yen-per-litre discounts into an effective percentage at pump price.\nA nearby station usually matters more than network breadth.\nCar rental and maintenance chains (e.g. Autobacs) run their own points.\nFuel-chain points and cards\nFuel rewards come in two forms: national point participation and proprietary fuel cards. ENEOS links to point programs and its own cards; Idemitsu (apollostation) relates to Ponta or Rakuten depending on the offer; Cosmo and others run proprietary cards. A fuel card often gives a per-litre discount rather than a percentage, which makes comparison confusing. The correct method is to convert the yen-per-litre discount into an effective percentage at the current pump price, then compare it with a general 1% card.\nLocation, rental, and maintenance\nFor fuel, a nearby station with a pump-price discount usually matters more than a theoretically broader network — the time and detour cost of driving to a distant station can erase the reward. Car rental (Times, Nippon Rent-A-Car) and maintenance chains (Autobacs) run their own point cards, which are worth joining only if you use them regularly. As always, treat these rewards as a discount on driving you would do anyway.","url":"/en/points/fuel-points-automobile","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:restaurant-points-guide:en","entityId":"guide:restaurant-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Restaurant and food-delivery rewards","plainText":"Most dining has no unified points program; chain apps and mobile-order coupons usually beat base points, and food-delivery markups and fees often exceed the points earned — pay with a rewarding card and use coupons.\nWhy app coupons usually beat base points at restaurants, and how delivery markups eat rewards.\nNo major unified restaurant point program in Japan.\nChain apps (Starbucks Rewards, Sukiya/Zensho, McDonald’s) and coupons add value.\nMobile-order coupons often beat base points but may reduce card-point-eligible spend.\nFood delivery (Uber Eats, Wolt, Demae-can) is coupon-driven; markups can exceed points.\nNational point partners still let you earn on the card or QR payment.\nRestaurants: apps and coupons over base points\nThere is no major unified restaurant loyalty program in Japan, so value comes from chain-specific apps and national point partners. Starbucks Rewards, the Zensho/Sukiya apps, McDonald’s, and mobile-order campaigns frequently produce greater value than base points — but a coupon may reduce the amount on which card points are calculated. The practical move is to use the chain app’s coupon, then pay with a rewarding card or QR wallet where the merchant is a point partner, so you still earn the payment reward.\nFood delivery: watch the markup\nFood delivery apps such as Uber Eats, Wolt, and Demae-can are driven by temporary coupons rather than a steady base reward. The important caution is economic, not point-related: delivery menu markups, delivery fees, and service fees can easily exceed any points earned. Compare the menu price, delivery fee, service fee, and coupon value against ordering directly or picking up. Points should never justify a delivery you would not otherwise pay for.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/restaurant-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-food-delivery-worth"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:stacking-credit-qr-store"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Most dining has no unified points program; chain apps and mobile-order coupons usually beat base points, and food-delivery markups and fees often exceed the points earned — pay with a rewarding card and use coupons.\nWhy app coupons usually beat base points at restaurants, and how delivery markups eat rewards.\nNo major unified restaurant point program in Japan.\nChain apps (Starbucks Rewards, Sukiya/Zensho, McDonald’s) and coupons add value.\nMobile-order coupons often beat base points but may reduce card-point-eligible spend.\nFood delivery (Uber Eats, Wolt, Demae-can) is coupon-driven; markups can exceed points.\nNational point partners still let you earn on the card or QR payment.\nRestaurants: apps and coupons over base points\nThere is no major unified restaurant loyalty program in Japan, so value comes from chain-specific apps and national point partners. Starbucks Rewards, the Zensho/Sukiya apps, McDonald’s, and mobile-order campaigns frequently produce greater value than base points — but a coupon may reduce the amount on which card points are calculated. The practical move is to use the chain app’s coupon, then pay with a rewarding card or QR wallet where the merchant is a point partner, so you still earn the payment reward.\nFood delivery: watch the markup\nFood delivery apps such as Uber Eats, Wolt, and Demae-can are driven by temporary coupons rather than a steady base reward. The important caution is economic, not point-related: delivery menu markups, delivery fees, and service fees can easily exceed any points earned. Compare the menu price, delivery fee, service fee, and coupon value against ordering directly or picking up. Points should never justify a delivery you would not otherwise pay for.","url":"/en/points/restaurant-points-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ecommerce-points-programs:en","entityId":"guide:ecommerce-points-programs","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"E-commerce marketplace points","plainText":"Rakuten Ichiba earns Rakuten Points plus SPU, Yahoo Shopping earns PayPay Points (strong with PayPay Card), Amazon Japan earns modest Amazon points, and au PAY Market earns Ponta — compare the delivered price after coupons, shipping, and points.\nHow Rakuten Ichiba, Amazon Japan, Yahoo Shopping, and au PAY Market points compare.\nRakuten Ichiba: Rakuten Points (1% base) plus SPU multipliers and campaigns.\nYahoo Shopping: PayPay Points, boosted by PayPay Card and weekly coupons.\nAmazon Japan: modest Amazon points, often higher with a linked Mastercard.\nau PAY Market (Wowma): Ponta/au points, integrated with au services.\nCompare the delivered price after coupons, shipping, and points — not the point rate alone.\nHow the major marketplaces earn\nRakuten Ichiba earns Rakuten Points at a 1% base plus SPU multipliers and periodic mega-campaigns, so integrated Rakuten users can exceed a general card. Yahoo Shopping earns PayPay Points, and pairing it with the PayPay Card and weekly coupons can produce a high combined return. Amazon Japan earns modest Amazon points on eligible items, sometimes higher with a linked Mastercard. au PAY Market (formerly Wowma) earns Ponta/au points and suits au customers. Ecosystem bonuses can beat general-card rewards, but caps and prices must be compared.\nCompare the delivered price\nMarketplace campaigns often require entry and have low caps, and headline point rates can distract from the total cost. Compare the item’s delivered price after coupons, shipping, and points across marketplaces, and prefer the ecosystem you already concentrate in so the points stay useful. For Rakuten, remember that several SPU and campaign components are limited-time points that expire faster and are usually non-transferable, so discount them when comparing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/ecommerce-points-programs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon","faq:rewards-rakuten-spu"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:compare-point-ecosystems","guide:ecommerce-stacking"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Rakuten Ichiba earns Rakuten Points plus SPU, Yahoo Shopping earns PayPay Points (strong with PayPay Card), Amazon Japan earns modest Amazon points, and au PAY Market earns Ponta — compare the delivered price after coupons, shipping, and points.\nHow Rakuten Ichiba, Amazon Japan, Yahoo Shopping, and au PAY Market points compare.\nRakuten Ichiba: Rakuten Points (1% base) plus SPU multipliers and campaigns.\nYahoo Shopping: PayPay Points, boosted by PayPay Card and weekly coupons.\nAmazon Japan: modest Amazon points, often higher with a linked Mastercard.\nau PAY Market (Wowma): Ponta/au points, integrated with au services.\nCompare the delivered price after coupons, shipping, and points — not the point rate alone.\nHow the major marketplaces earn\nRakuten Ichiba earns Rakuten Points at a 1% base plus SPU multipliers and periodic mega-campaigns, so integrated Rakuten users can exceed a general card. Yahoo Shopping earns PayPay Points, and pairing it with the PayPay Card and weekly coupons can produce a high combined return. Amazon Japan earns modest Amazon points on eligible items, sometimes higher with a linked Mastercard. au PAY Market (formerly Wowma) earns Ponta/au points and suits au customers. Ecosystem bonuses can beat general-card rewards, but caps and prices must be compared.\nCompare the delivered price\nMarketplace campaigns often require entry and have low caps, and headline point rates can distract from the total cost. Compare the item’s delivered price after coupons, shipping, and points across marketplaces, and prefer the ecosystem you already concentrate in so the points stay useful. For Rakuten, remember that several SPU and campaign components are limited-time points that expire faster and are usually non-transferable, so discount them when comparing.","url":"/en/points/ecommerce-points-programs","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bank-brokerage-rewards:en","entityId":"guide:bank-brokerage-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Bank and brokerage rewards","plainText":"Banks award points for salary deposits, direct debits, or balances, and brokerages (SBI/V Points, Rakuten Securities/Rakuten Points, eSmart/Ponta) reward card-funded investing — but caps, fund fees, and suitability come before points.\nHow banks and brokerages award points, and why suitability comes before the reward.\nBanks may award points for salary deposits, direct debits, or balances.\nSBI Securities pairs with V Points; Rakuten Securities with Rakuten Points.\neSmart Securities (au Kabucom successor) pairs with Ponta.\nCard-funded investing has monthly caps, fund restrictions, and spend conditions.\nInvestment suitability, fees, and risk come before points — always.\nBank rewards\nSeveral banks award points for relationship activity — salary deposits, direct debits, and account balances — including Rakuten Bank, SMBC/Olive, au Jibun Bank, and PayPay Bank. These can be a genuine bonus if you already bank there, but changing banks solely for a small reward can create operational risk (fee changes, transfer friction, and account-setup effort). Treat bank points as a tie-breaker between otherwise suitable accounts, not a reason to move your primary banking.\nBrokerage and card-funded investing\nBrokerages reward card-funded fund purchases: SBI Securities pairs with V Points and SMBC cards, Rakuten Securities with Rakuten Points, and eSmart Securities (the au Kabucom successor) with Ponta. Published maximum rates depend on card tier and annual-spend or service conditions and are not the ordinary rate for most users; monthly investment limits also apply. Critically, this is not free yield — market risk, fund expense ratios, card fees, and caps all remain. Choose the fund and platform on suitability and total cost first, and treat points as a secondary tie-breaker.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/bank-brokerage-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-card-investing","faq:rewards-card-investing-risk"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:annual-fee-calculator","guide:v-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/creditmode/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Financial Service","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Banks award points for salary deposits, direct debits, or balances, and brokerages (SBI/V Points, Rakuten Securities/Rakuten Points, eSmart/Ponta) reward card-funded investing — but caps, fund fees, and suitability come before points.\nHow banks and brokerages award points, and why suitability comes before the reward.\nBanks may award points for salary deposits, direct debits, or balances.\nSBI Securities pairs with V Points; Rakuten Securities with Rakuten Points.\neSmart Securities (au Kabucom successor) pairs with Ponta.\nCard-funded investing has monthly caps, fund restrictions, and spend conditions.\nInvestment suitability, fees, and risk come before points — always.\nBank rewards\nSeveral banks award points for relationship activity — salary deposits, direct debits, and account balances — including Rakuten Bank, SMBC/Olive, au Jibun Bank, and PayPay Bank. These can be a genuine bonus if you already bank there, but changing banks solely for a small reward can create operational risk (fee changes, transfer friction, and account-setup effort). Treat bank points as a tie-breaker between otherwise suitable accounts, not a reason to move your primary banking.\nBrokerage and card-funded investing\nBrokerages reward card-funded fund purchases: SBI Securities pairs with V Points and SMBC cards, Rakuten Securities with Rakuten Points, and eSmart Securities (the au Kabucom successor) with Ponta. Published maximum rates depend on card tier and annual-spend or service conditions and are not the ordinary rate for most users; monthly investment limits also apply. Critically, this is not free yield — market risk, fund expense ratios, card fees, and caps all remain. Choose the fund and platform on suitability and total cost first, and treat points as a secondary tie-breaker.","url":"/en/points/bank-brokerage-rewards","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:global-point-guide:en","entityId":"guide:global-point-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Global Point (Mitsubishi UFJ Card) guide","plainText":"Global Point is the Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS card currency: roughly 1 point per ¥1,000 of monthly spend, worth about ¥5 on the better redemption routes, expiring two years after it is earned.\nHow Global Point is earned on Mitsubishi UFJ Card products, what a point is worth by redemption route, and the two-year expiry rule.\nOperator: Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS; earned on Mitsubishi UFJ Card products including VIASO and the gold/platinum tiers.\nBase earning is about 1 point per ¥1,000 of monthly spend — the total is summed before rounding, so small purchases still count.\nA point is worth roughly ¥5 on the stronger exchange routes, which puts the base return near 0.5%.\nPoints expire two years after the month they are earned; there is no activity-based extension.\nThe POINT名人.com mall and named merchant programs multiply earning, but only through the stated route.\nHow Global Point is earned\nGlobal Point is the reward currency of Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS credit cards, including the standard Mitsubishi UFJ Card, the VIASO card, Gold Prestige and the Platinum American Express tier. Base earning is stated as one point per ¥1,000 including tax, calculated on the monthly statement total rather than per transaction, so several small purchases in a month are added together before the remainder is dropped. Named merchant programs and the issuer’s POINT名人.com shopping mall raise the multiple substantially, but only when the purchase goes through the stated route or registered merchant — those uplifts are conditional and are not the base rate. The VIASO card is the exception worth knowing about: instead of manual redemption, its accumulated points are converted to a statement cashback once a year above a minimum threshold.\nWhat a point is worth, and when it dies\nGlobal Point does not have a single fixed value — it depends on where you send it. Exchanges into other loyalty currencies and gift cards are commonly quoted at around ¥5 per point, which is what puts the base earn rate near 0.5% in real terms; weaker routes are worth less, so comparing “1 point per ¥1,000” against a program that pays 1 point per ¥100 tells you nothing until both are converted to yen. The expiry rule is the part that catches people: points lapse two years after the month in which they were earned, and unlike Rakuten Points there is no mechanism where continued activity extends an older balance. Practically, that means checking the balance and its expiry schedule at least once a year rather than treating the account as a savings pot. Redemption options published by the issuer include statement credits, gift cards, transfers to partner point programs and airline miles, each with its own rate and minimum exchange unit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/global-point-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-value","faq:points-expiry"],"products":["product:mitsubishi-ufj-card","product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige","product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso"],"guides":["guide:point-value-expiry","guide:compare-point-ecosystems","guide:redeem-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/reason/point/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Global Point is the Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS card currency: roughly 1 point per ¥1,000 of monthly spend, worth about ¥5 on the better redemption routes, expiring two years after it is earned.\nHow Global Point is earned on Mitsubishi UFJ Card products, what a point is worth by redemption route, and the two-year expiry rule.\nOperator: Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS; earned on Mitsubishi UFJ Card products including VIASO and the gold/platinum tiers.\nBase earning is about 1 point per ¥1,000 of monthly spend — the total is summed before rounding, so small purchases still count.\nA point is worth roughly ¥5 on the stronger exchange routes, which puts the base return near 0.5%.\nPoints expire two years after the month they are earned; there is no activity-based extension.\nThe POINT名人.com mall and named merchant programs multiply earning, but only through the stated route.\nHow Global Point is earned\nGlobal Point is the reward currency of Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS credit cards, including the standard Mitsubishi UFJ Card, the VIASO card, Gold Prestige and the Platinum American Express tier. Base earning is stated as one point per ¥1,000 including tax, calculated on the monthly statement total rather than per transaction, so several small purchases in a month are added together before the remainder is dropped. Named merchant programs and the issuer’s POINT名人.com shopping mall raise the multiple substantially, but only when the purchase goes through the stated route or registered merchant — those uplifts are conditional and are not the base rate. The VIASO card is the exception worth knowing about: instead of manual redemption, its accumulated points are converted to a statement cashback once a year above a minimum threshold.\nWhat a point is worth, and when it dies\nGlobal Point does not have a single fixed value — it depends on where you send it. Exchanges into other loyalty currencies and gift cards are commonly quoted at around ¥5 per point, which is what puts the base earn rate near 0.5% in real terms; weaker routes are worth less, so comparing “1 point per ¥1,000” against a program that pays 1 point per ¥100 tells you nothing until both are converted to yen. The expiry rule is the part that catches people: points lapse two years after the month in which they were earned, and unlike Rakuten Points there is no mechanism where continued activity extends an older balance. Practically, that means checking the balance and its expiry schedule at least once a year rather than treating the account as a savings pot. Redemption options published by the issuer include statement credits, gift cards, transfers to partner point programs and airline miles, each with its own rate and minimum exchange unit.","url":"/en/points/global-point-guide","updated":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:j-point-jcb-guide:en","entityId":"guide:j-point-jcb-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"J-POINT (JCB) guide","plainText":"J-POINT is JCB’s card currency since January 2026, replacing Oki Doki points; existing balances were converted automatically, and redemption value still varies sharply by exchange route.\nWhat replaced Oki Doki points in January 2026, how J-POINT is earned on JCB cards, and how redemption value varies by route.\nOperator: JCB; J-POINT replaced Oki Doki points on 13 January 2026 and balances were converted automatically.\nEarning is calculated on the monthly statement total, so small purchases are not discarded transaction by transaction.\nJCB Card W and W plus L earn at an enhanced base multiple compared with ordinary JCB cards.\nThe J-POINT Mall (formerly Oki Doki Land) multiplies earning at partner shops, but only via that route.\nRedemption value differs a lot by option — compare in yen, not in points.\nFrom Oki Doki points to J-POINT\nJCB renewed its long-running Oki Doki point program as J-POINT on 13 January 2026. Members did not need to do anything: existing Oki Doki balances were converted automatically at the announced ratio, and the shopping mall was rebranded from Oki Doki Land to the J-POINT Mall. Because the conversion changed the number of points a balance is expressed in, older third-party articles quoting Oki Doki exchange rates — “1,000-yen gift card for 300 points” and similar — are no longer a safe guide to what a J-POINT balance buys. Check the current exchange table on JCB’s own program page before assuming a redemption is worthwhile.\nEarning and redeeming\nPoints are calculated on the monthly card-use total rather than per transaction, so a month of small purchases still accrues. The base multiple depends on the card: JCB Card W and JCB Card W plus L earn at an enhanced rate relative to ordinary JCB cards, while the gold, premier and top tiers are weighted to services rather than to a higher base rate. Partner merchants and the J-POINT Mall raise the multiple, but only for purchases made through the stated route, and campaign awards are separate from the base again. On the redemption side, the range of options — gift cards, statement credits, partner point programs and airline miles including ANA and JAL — carries very different effective values, and the miles routes usually depend on which conversion course you have enrolled in. As with every issuer currency, convert both sides to yen before deciding whether a card that “gives more points” actually pays more.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/j-point-jcb-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-value","faq:rewards-point-value"],"products":["product:jcb-card-w","product:jcb-card-s","product:jcb-gold"],"guides":["guide:jcb-card-w","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JCB","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"JCB","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/release/point-renewal_2506.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JCB","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"J-POINT is JCB’s card currency since January 2026, replacing Oki Doki points; existing balances were converted automatically, and redemption value still varies sharply by exchange route.\nWhat replaced Oki Doki points in January 2026, how J-POINT is earned on JCB cards, and how redemption value varies by route.\nOperator: JCB; J-POINT replaced Oki Doki points on 13 January 2026 and balances were converted automatically.\nEarning is calculated on the monthly statement total, so small purchases are not discarded transaction by transaction.\nJCB Card W and W plus L earn at an enhanced base multiple compared with ordinary JCB cards.\nThe J-POINT Mall (formerly Oki Doki Land) multiplies earning at partner shops, but only via that route.\nRedemption value differs a lot by option — compare in yen, not in points.\nFrom Oki Doki points to J-POINT\nJCB renewed its long-running Oki Doki point program as J-POINT on 13 January 2026. Members did not need to do anything: existing Oki Doki balances were converted automatically at the announced ratio, and the shopping mall was rebranded from Oki Doki Land to the J-POINT Mall. Because the conversion changed the number of points a balance is expressed in, older third-party articles quoting Oki Doki exchange rates — “1,000-yen gift card for 300 points” and similar — are no longer a safe guide to what a J-POINT balance buys. Check the current exchange table on JCB’s own program page before assuming a redemption is worthwhile.\nEarning and redeeming\nPoints are calculated on the monthly card-use total rather than per transaction, so a month of small purchases still accrues. The base multiple depends on the card: JCB Card W and JCB Card W plus L earn at an enhanced rate relative to ordinary JCB cards, while the gold, premier and top tiers are weighted to services rather than to a higher base rate. Partner merchants and the J-POINT Mall raise the multiple, but only for purchases made through the stated route, and campaign awards are separate from the base again. On the redemption side, the range of options — gift cards, statement credits, partner point programs and airline miles including ANA and JAL — carries very different effective values, and the miles routes usually depend on which conversion course you have enrolled in. As with every issuer currency, convert both sides to yen before deciding whether a card that “gives more points” actually pays more.","url":"/en/points/j-point-jcb-guide","updated":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:eikyu-fumetsu-points-guide:en","entityId":"guide:eikyu-fumetsu-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Permanent Points (Saison Eikyu Fumetsu) guide","plainText":"Permanent Points are Credit Saison’s card currency and carry no expiry date while your membership is valid; earning is about 1 point per ¥1,000, and a point is worth roughly ¥5 on the better routes.\nCredit Saison’s no-expiry point currency: how it is earned, what a point is actually worth, and where the “永久不滅” promise stops.\nOperator: Credit Saison; earned across the Saison card range including the Saison Amex products.\nNo expiry date while the membership remains valid — the headline feature of the program.\nBase earning is about 1 point per ¥1,000 of monthly spend, worth roughly ¥5 on stronger routes (~0.5%).\nSaison Pearl Amex pays an elevated rate on QUICPay via Apple Pay / Google Pay, subject to an annual cap.\n“No expiry” applies to the points, not the card — points are lost if the membership ends.\nHow Permanent Points are earned\nPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) are the currency of Credit Saison cards, from the no-fee Saison Card International through the Saison Amex range to the gold and platinum tiers. Base accrual is one point per ¥1,000 including tax of eligible monthly spend, calculated on the monthly total. Individual cards then layer conditional uplifts on top: the Saison Pearl American Express card pays an elevated rate — published as up to about 2% in value — on QUICPay payments routed through Apple Pay or Google Pay, up to an annual spending cap, and the Rose Gold and Gold Associé products apply higher multiples to overseas spend or to member-selected categories. Those uplifts each depend on the stated payment route, registration or category, so they should never be read as the card’s base rate.\nWhat “no expiry” is really worth\nThe distinguishing feature is that points do not expire. That genuinely removes the most common way people lose value — a balance quietly lapsing — and it makes the program a reasonable fit for someone whose card spending is light or irregular. Two caveats matter. First, the promise attaches to the points, not to your relationship with the issuer: if the membership ends, whether by cancellation or otherwise, the balance goes with it, so “permanent” is not the same as “yours forever regardless”. Second, no expiry does not raise the exchange rate. Points redeem for items, gift cards, other loyalty currencies, airline miles and statement credits, and the effective value per point varies by route, commonly landing around ¥5 on the stronger options — which is what puts the base return near 0.5%. A card that never lets points lapse but pays 0.5% is still beaten, on pure return, by a 1% card whose points you actually spend.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/eikyu-fumetsu-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-expiry","faq:points-expiry"],"products":["product:saison-card-digital","product:saison-pearl-amex-digital","product:saison-gold-premium"],"guides":["guide:saison-gold-amex","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Permanent Points are Credit Saison’s card currency and carry no expiry date while your membership is valid; earning is about 1 point per ¥1,000, and a point is worth roughly ¥5 on the better routes.\nCredit Saison’s no-expiry point currency: how it is earned, what a point is actually worth, and where the “永久不滅” promise stops.\nOperator: Credit Saison; earned across the Saison card range including the Saison Amex products.\nNo expiry date while the membership remains valid — the headline feature of the program.\nBase earning is about 1 point per ¥1,000 of monthly spend, worth roughly ¥5 on stronger routes (~0.5%).\nSaison Pearl Amex pays an elevated rate on QUICPay via Apple Pay / Google Pay, subject to an annual cap.\n“No expiry” applies to the points, not the card — points are lost if the membership ends.\nHow Permanent Points are earned\nPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) are the currency of Credit Saison cards, from the no-fee Saison Card International through the Saison Amex range to the gold and platinum tiers. Base accrual is one point per ¥1,000 including tax of eligible monthly spend, calculated on the monthly total. Individual cards then layer conditional uplifts on top: the Saison Pearl American Express card pays an elevated rate — published as up to about 2% in value — on QUICPay payments routed through Apple Pay or Google Pay, up to an annual spending cap, and the Rose Gold and Gold Associé products apply higher multiples to overseas spend or to member-selected categories. Those uplifts each depend on the stated payment route, registration or category, so they should never be read as the card’s base rate.\nWhat “no expiry” is really worth\nThe distinguishing feature is that points do not expire. That genuinely removes the most common way people lose value — a balance quietly lapsing — and it makes the program a reasonable fit for someone whose card spending is light or irregular. Two caveats matter. First, the promise attaches to the points, not to your relationship with the issuer: if the membership ends, whether by cancellation or otherwise, the balance goes with it, so “permanent” is not the same as “yours forever regardless”. Second, no expiry does not raise the exchange rate. Points redeem for items, gift cards, other loyalty currencies, airline miles and statement credits, and the effective value per point varies by route, commonly landing around ¥5 on the stronger options — which is what puts the base return near 0.5%. A card that never lets points lapse but pays 0.5% is still beaten, on pure return, by a 1% card whose points you actually spend.","url":"/en/points/eikyu-fumetsu-points-guide","updated":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:orico-point-guide:en","entityId":"guide:orico-point-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Orico Point guide","plainText":"Orico Points are earned at about 1 point per ¥100 on the THE POINT family, redeem at roughly ¥1 each, and expire on a short published schedule — high rate, low patience.\nOrico’s point currency: a straightforward ¥1-per-point value, a high base rate on the THE POINT cards, and a short expiry window.\nOperator: Orient Corporation (Orico); earned across the Orico card range.\nThe THE POINT family earns about 1% base, with a published introductory uplift for new members.\nPoints redeem at roughly ¥1 each for gift cards and other loyalty currencies — unusually easy to value.\nTHE PLATINUM pays at least about 1% year-round and about 2% in the member’s birthday month.\nThe expiry window is short compared with issuer programs like Saison — redeem regularly.\nEarning across the Orico range\nOrico Points are the reward currency of Orient Corporation’s credit cards. The THE POINT family — Orico Card THE POINT, THE POINT PREMIUM GOLD and the revolving-structured THE POINT UPty — is built around a roughly 1% base accrual with a published uplift during an introductory period after joining, which is why these cards show up on “high base rate, no annual fee” lists. Above them, Orico Card THE WORLD doubles the rate on overseas purchases relative to domestic use, and Orico Card THE PLATINUM holds at least about 1% year-round and lifts to about 2% during the member’s birthday month. Orico’s own online mall adds further multiples for purchases routed through it, on the usual condition that you start from the mall rather than the shop.\nValue and the expiry trade-off\nThe strong point of Orico Points is legibility: they convert to gift cards and other loyalty currencies at roughly ¥1 per point, so “1 point per ¥100” really does mean about 1% without a conversion exercise. That is a meaningful advantage over issuer currencies quoted at 1 point per ¥1,000 whose real value depends on which exchange you pick. The trade-off is patience. Orico Points expire on a comparatively short published schedule, so a balance left untouched can lapse while you are still deciding what to redeem it for. The practical habit is to exchange in small, regular amounts rather than saving toward a large redemption — the opposite of the strategy that suits a no-expiry program. Note also that THE POINT UPty is a revolving-repayment card: earning the same points there while carrying a balance can cost far more in finance charges than the points are worth.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/orico-point-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-expiry","faq:rewards-revolving"],"products":["product:orico-card-the-point","product:orico-the-point-premium-gold","product:orico-card-the-gold-prime"],"guides":["guide:point-value-expiry","guide:best-programs-by-category","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/pointservice/oricopoint/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/the-point/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Orico Points are earned at about 1 point per ¥100 on the THE POINT family, redeem at roughly ¥1 each, and expire on a short published schedule — high rate, low patience.\nOrico’s point currency: a straightforward ¥1-per-point value, a high base rate on the THE POINT cards, and a short expiry window.\nOperator: Orient Corporation (Orico); earned across the Orico card range.\nThe THE POINT family earns about 1% base, with a published introductory uplift for new members.\nPoints redeem at roughly ¥1 each for gift cards and other loyalty currencies — unusually easy to value.\nTHE PLATINUM pays at least about 1% year-round and about 2% in the member’s birthday month.\nThe expiry window is short compared with issuer programs like Saison — redeem regularly.\nEarning across the Orico range\nOrico Points are the reward currency of Orient Corporation’s credit cards. The THE POINT family — Orico Card THE POINT, THE POINT PREMIUM GOLD and the revolving-structured THE POINT UPty — is built around a roughly 1% base accrual with a published uplift during an introductory period after joining, which is why these cards show up on “high base rate, no annual fee” lists. Above them, Orico Card THE WORLD doubles the rate on overseas purchases relative to domestic use, and Orico Card THE PLATINUM holds at least about 1% year-round and lifts to about 2% during the member’s birthday month. Orico’s own online mall adds further multiples for purchases routed through it, on the usual condition that you start from the mall rather than the shop.\nValue and the expiry trade-off\nThe strong point of Orico Points is legibility: they convert to gift cards and other loyalty currencies at roughly ¥1 per point, so “1 point per ¥100” really does mean about 1% without a conversion exercise. That is a meaningful advantage over issuer currencies quoted at 1 point per ¥1,000 whose real value depends on which exchange you pick. The trade-off is patience. Orico Points expire on a comparatively short published schedule, so a balance left untouched can lapse while you are still deciding what to redeem it for. The practical habit is to exchange in small, regular amounts rather than saving toward a large redemption — the opposite of the strategy that suits a no-expiry program. Note also that THE POINT UPty is a revolving-repayment card: earning the same points there while carrying a balance can cost far more in finance charges than the points are worth.","url":"/en/points/orico-point-guide","updated":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:epos-points-guide:en","entityId":"guide:epos-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Epos Points guide","plainText":"Epos Points are earned at about 1 point per ¥200 and redeem at roughly ¥1 each; the base rate is modest, and most of the program’s value sits in the gold-tier invitation and its bonus structure.\nThe Marui-issued point currency: a ¥1-per-point value, a two-year expiry, and an upgrade path where the gold tier changes the maths.\nOperator: Epos Card (Marui group); earned on the Epos card range.\nBase earning is about 1 point per ¥200 of eligible spend — roughly 0.5% at a ¥1-per-point value.\nPoints ordinarily expire two years after they are added, with exceptions under issuer rules.\nThe gold tier can be reached by invitation, after which its annual fee is waived permanently.\nGold adds selectable bonus shops and an annual spend bonus that changes the effective rate materially.\nHow the base program works\nEpos Points are the currency of Epos Card, the Marui group issuer. Base accrual on the standard no-fee card is about one point per ¥200 of eligible spend, and points are generally valued at ¥1 each when redeemed, which puts the plain base return near 0.5%. Partner shops and campaign offers award extra points on their own conditions, and those are separate from the base rate. Points ordinarily expire two years after they are credited; extensions and exceptions follow the issuer’s rules rather than an activity-based mechanism like Rakuten’s, so a dormant balance is genuinely at risk.\nWhy the gold tier changes the calculation\nRead on the base rate alone, Epos looks unremarkable. The program’s real structure is the upgrade path: cardholders who meet the issuer’s conditions can be invited to the gold tier, and on the invitation route the gold annual fee is waived permanently rather than charged each year. Gold then adds two things that move the effective rate — a set of shops the member selects for elevated earning, and a bonus tied to annual spend levels. For someone who routes ordinary household spending through the card and reaches those levels, the combination is worth substantially more than the 0.5% headline; for someone who does not, it is not. The honest framing is that Epos is a program whose value depends on reaching and using the gold tier, not on the entry card’s base rate. Note that neither the invitation nor its timing is something this site can predict — the issuer decides, and we make no claim about how easily any individual is invited.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/epos-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-expiry","faq:rewards-no-fee-cards"],"products":["product:epos-card","product:epos-gold-card","product:epos-platinum-card"],"guides":["guide:epos-card","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Marui / Epos","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Marui / Epos","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Epos Points are earned at about 1 point per ¥200 and redeem at roughly ¥1 each; the base rate is modest, and most of the program’s value sits in the gold-tier invitation and its bonus structure.\nThe Marui-issued point currency: a ¥1-per-point value, a two-year expiry, and an upgrade path where the gold tier changes the maths.\nOperator: Epos Card (Marui group); earned on the Epos card range.\nBase earning is about 1 point per ¥200 of eligible spend — roughly 0.5% at a ¥1-per-point value.\nPoints ordinarily expire two years after they are added, with exceptions under issuer rules.\nThe gold tier can be reached by invitation, after which its annual fee is waived permanently.\nGold adds selectable bonus shops and an annual spend bonus that changes the effective rate materially.\nHow the base program works\nEpos Points are the currency of Epos Card, the Marui group issuer. Base accrual on the standard no-fee card is about one point per ¥200 of eligible spend, and points are generally valued at ¥1 each when redeemed, which puts the plain base return near 0.5%. Partner shops and campaign offers award extra points on their own conditions, and those are separate from the base rate. Points ordinarily expire two years after they are credited; extensions and exceptions follow the issuer’s rules rather than an activity-based mechanism like Rakuten’s, so a dormant balance is genuinely at risk.\nWhy the gold tier changes the calculation\nRead on the base rate alone, Epos looks unremarkable. The program’s real structure is the upgrade path: cardholders who meet the issuer’s conditions can be invited to the gold tier, and on the invitation route the gold annual fee is waived permanently rather than charged each year. Gold then adds two things that move the effective rate — a set of shops the member selects for elevated earning, and a bonus tied to annual spend levels. For someone who routes ordinary household spending through the card and reaches those levels, the combination is worth substantially more than the 0.5% headline; for someone who does not, it is not. The honest framing is that Epos is a program whose value depends on reaching and using the gold tier, not on the entry card’s base rate. Note that neither the invitation nor its timing is something this site can predict — the issuer decides, and we make no claim about how easily any individual is invited.","url":"/en/points/epos-points-guide","updated":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:membership-rewards-japan-guide:en","entityId":"guide:membership-rewards-japan-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Membership Rewards (Japan) guide","plainText":"Membership Rewards points are earned on American Express Japan cards; their value depends almost entirely on which transfer partner you use, and the expiry treatment depends on programme enrolment and activity.\nAmerican Express Japan’s point program: how transfer partners rather than gift cards set the real value, and how expiry depends on enrolment.\nOperator: American Express International (Japan); earned across the Amex Japan card range.\nValue is set by the redemption route — airline transfers usually beat statement credits by a wide margin.\nPoint-expiry treatment depends on programme enrolment and account activity, not a single fixed rule.\nANA transfers in particular are governed by their own enrolment, rate and annual-cap conditions.\nCo-brand ANA Amex cards fold the transfer into the product rather than leaving it as an add-on.\nTransfer partners set the value\nMembership Rewards is the point program behind American Express Japan cards, from the Green Card through Gold Preferred and Platinum to the ANA co-brand products. Unlike a ¥1-per-point program, the earn rate tells you very little on its own: the same balance can be worth a modest amount as a statement credit and considerably more transferred to an airline partner and redeemed for a seat you would otherwise have paid cash for. That makes “which partner, at what rate, for which flight” the question that decides the program’s value, and it is why a Membership Rewards balance should be valued against a fare you would actually buy, minus award taxes and surcharges, rather than a fixed yen figure. Merchant-specific rates, bonus programmes and acquisition campaigns each carry separate conditions and should not be folded into the base rate.\nExpiry, enrolment, and the ANA route\nPoint-expiry treatment under Membership Rewards is not a single fixed rule: it depends on the programme options you are enrolled in and on account activity, and the terms have been revised over time, so the current member terms are the only safe reference. The same applies to transfers. Moving points to ANA miles at the favourable rate has historically depended on a paid enrolment, and annual transfer caps have applied — conditions that materially change how much of a large balance you can actually use in a year. The ANA co-brand Amex cards approach this differently by folding mile transfer into the product itself, with the gold tier including it rather than charging for it as an add-on, and the Diners-issued ANA card sits in a similar premium space with its own point rules. Before choosing a card on the strength of a transfer ratio, confirm the current enrolment requirement, rate and cap in the issuer’s own terms.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/membership-rewards-japan-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-point-value","faq:rewards-premium-card-worth"],"products":["product:amex-jp","product:amex-gold-preferred","product:ana-amex-gold"],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:redeem-points-for-travel","guide:point-value-expiry"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"American Express Japan","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true},{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Membership Rewards points are earned on American Express Japan cards; their value depends almost entirely on which transfer partner you use, and the expiry treatment depends on programme enrolment and activity.\nAmerican Express Japan’s point program: how transfer partners rather than gift cards set the real value, and how expiry depends on enrolment.\nOperator: American Express International (Japan); earned across the Amex Japan card range.\nValue is set by the redemption route — airline transfers usually beat statement credits by a wide margin.\nPoint-expiry treatment depends on programme enrolment and account activity, not a single fixed rule.\nANA transfers in particular are governed by their own enrolment, rate and annual-cap conditions.\nCo-brand ANA Amex cards fold the transfer into the product rather than leaving it as an add-on.\nTransfer partners set the value\nMembership Rewards is the point program behind American Express Japan cards, from the Green Card through Gold Preferred and Platinum to the ANA co-brand products. Unlike a ¥1-per-point program, the earn rate tells you very little on its own: the same balance can be worth a modest amount as a statement credit and considerably more transferred to an airline partner and redeemed for a seat you would otherwise have paid cash for. That makes “which partner, at what rate, for which flight” the question that decides the program’s value, and it is why a Membership Rewards balance should be valued against a fare you would actually buy, minus award taxes and surcharges, rather than a fixed yen figure. Merchant-specific rates, bonus programmes and acquisition campaigns each carry separate conditions and should not be folded into the base rate.\nExpiry, enrolment, and the ANA route\nPoint-expiry treatment under Membership Rewards is not a single fixed rule: it depends on the programme options you are enrolled in and on account activity, and the terms have been revised over time, so the current member terms are the only safe reference. The same applies to transfers. Moving points to ANA miles at the favourable rate has historically depended on a paid enrolment, and annual transfer caps have applied — conditions that materially change how much of a large balance you can actually use in a year. The ANA co-brand Amex cards approach this differently by folding mile transfer into the product itself, with the gold tier including it rather than charging for it as an add-on, and the Diners-issued ANA card sits in a similar premium space with its own point rules. Before choosing a card on the strength of a transfer ratio, confirm the current enrolment requirement, rate and cap in the issuer’s own terms.","url":"/en/points/membership-rewards-japan-guide","updated":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:rakuten-card:en","entityId":"guide:rakuten-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Card profile","plainText":"The Rakuten Card has no annual fee and earns about 1 Rakuten Point per ¥100; it is strongest for Rakuten shoppers and weakest for people outside the ecosystem.\nA no-fee 1% card that anchors the Rakuten ecosystem.\nIssuer: Rakuten Card; Visa/Mastercard/JCB/Amex networks; no annual fee.\nBase earn about 1% (1 point per ¥100) on eligible general spend.\nRakuten Ichiba SPU and campaigns add points (separate caps, limited-time treatment).\nRedeems at ≈¥1 on Rakuten and via Rakuten Pay; funds Rakuten Securities investing.\nFee break-even is immediate because the fee is zero.\nWhat it earns and where it fits\nThe Rakuten Card charges no annual fee and generally earns one Rakuten Point per ¥100 of eligible spend (about 1%). On top of the base, Rakuten Ichiba SPU and campaigns can add points, but those have separate caps and limited-time treatment, so discount them when valuing the card. Points redeem at roughly ¥1 on Rakuten sites and at local shops through Rakuten Pay, and the card can fund Rakuten Securities investing at a rate that depends on card tier and fund. Its strength is the integrated ecosystem; its weakness is that value concentrates for people who actually shop in Rakuten.\nOn August 1, 2026 the signup page showed up to 8,000 points for a qualifying new JCB application, with different offers by network — always read the current terms and dates before applying, and treat signup points as one-off, not a permanent annual return.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/rakuten-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:points-which-ecosystem"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:rakuten-points-guide","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"The Rakuten Card has no annual fee and earns about 1 Rakuten Point per ¥100; it is strongest for Rakuten shoppers and weakest for people outside the ecosystem.\nA no-fee 1% card that anchors the Rakuten ecosystem.\nIssuer: Rakuten Card; Visa/Mastercard/JCB/Amex networks; no annual fee.\nBase earn about 1% (1 point per ¥100) on eligible general spend.\nRakuten Ichiba SPU and campaigns add points (separate caps, limited-time treatment).\nRedeems at ≈¥1 on Rakuten and via Rakuten Pay; funds Rakuten Securities investing.\nFee break-even is immediate because the fee is zero.\nWhat it earns and where it fits\nThe Rakuten Card charges no annual fee and generally earns one Rakuten Point per ¥100 of eligible spend (about 1%). On top of the base, Rakuten Ichiba SPU and campaigns can add points, but those have separate caps and limited-time treatment, so discount them when valuing the card. Points redeem at roughly ¥1 on Rakuten sites and at local shops through Rakuten Pay, and the card can fund Rakuten Securities investing at a rate that depends on card tier and fund. Its strength is the integrated ecosystem; its weakness is that value concentrates for people who actually shop in Rakuten.\nOn August 1, 2026 the signup page showed up to 8,000 points for a qualifying new JCB application, with different offers by network — always read the current terms and dates before applying, and treat signup points as one-off, not a permanent annual return.","url":"/en/points/rakuten-card","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:smbc-numberless-card:en","entityId":"guide:smbc-numberless-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SMBC Card (NL) profile","plainText":"SMBC Card (NL) has no annual fee and an ordinary ~0.5% base, but eligible smartphone-touch payments at selected convenience stores and restaurants can reach 7% — physical-card touch and iD are not equivalent.\nA no-fee card whose selected convenience-store and restaurant route can reach 7%.\nIssuer: Sumitomo Mitsui Card; no annual fee; base about 0.5% in V Points.\nSelected convenience-store/restaurant smartphone contactless can reach 7%.\nPhysical-card touch and iD are not eligible for the 7% route.\nIntegrates with SBI Securities investing (tier/spend conditions).\nExcellent specialist card; mediocre as an uncategorised 0.5% card.\nWhere the 7% applies — and where it does not\nSMBC Card (NL) has no annual fee and an ordinary base near 0.5% in V Points, which is mediocre for uncategorised spending. Its value is the selected convenience-store and restaurant offer: eligible smartphone contactless or eligible mobile ordering at specified chains can reach seven percent. The critical detail is method — physical-card touch and iD are not equivalent and do not qualify, and because the seven percent already includes the base, you must not add a separate 0.5%. Additional family/Olive conditions may raise selected rates. A temporary offer advertised up to 29,000 points for qualifying applications and usage from July 23 through September 30, 2026.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/smbc-numberless-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent","faq:rewards-id-vs-touch"],"products":["product:smbc-card-numberless"],"guides":["guide:convenience-store-points","guide:v-points-guide","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/numberless.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/creditmode/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"SMBC Card (NL) has no annual fee and an ordinary ~0.5% base, but eligible smartphone-touch payments at selected convenience stores and restaurants can reach 7% — physical-card touch and iD are not equivalent.\nA no-fee card whose selected convenience-store and restaurant route can reach 7%.\nIssuer: Sumitomo Mitsui Card; no annual fee; base about 0.5% in V Points.\nSelected convenience-store/restaurant smartphone contactless can reach 7%.\nPhysical-card touch and iD are not eligible for the 7% route.\nIntegrates with SBI Securities investing (tier/spend conditions).\nExcellent specialist card; mediocre as an uncategorised 0.5% card.\nWhere the 7% applies — and where it does not\nSMBC Card (NL) has no annual fee and an ordinary base near 0.5% in V Points, which is mediocre for uncategorised spending. Its value is the selected convenience-store and restaurant offer: eligible smartphone contactless or eligible mobile ordering at specified chains can reach seven percent. The critical detail is method — physical-card touch and iD are not equivalent and do not qualify, and because the seven percent already includes the base, you must not add a separate 0.5%. Additional family/Olive conditions may raise selected rates. A temporary offer advertised up to 29,000 points for qualifying applications and usage from July 23 through September 30, 2026.","url":"/en/points/smbc-numberless-card","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:paypay-card:en","entityId":"guide:paypay-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PayPay Card profile","plainText":"The PayPay Card has no annual fee and a basic eligible return of about 1%; it is simplest for PayPay users, but since June 2, 2026 point-funded portions do not receive PayPay Step rewards.\nThe native no-fee card for the PayPay ecosystem.\nIssuer: PayPay Card Corporation; no annual fee; basic ~1%.\nDoubles as PayPay Credit funding within the Yahoo/SoftBank ecosystem.\nPayPay Step and campaigns depend on KYC, funding, and eligibility.\nSince June 2, 2026, point-funded portions do not earn Step rewards.\nPayPay Card Gold (¥11,000) targets a ¥1,000,000 annual-spend benefit.\nSimple for PayPay users\nThe PayPay Card has no annual fee and a basic eligible return around 1%, and it doubles as PayPay Credit funding inside the Yahoo/SoftBank ecosystem — making it the natural card for heavy PayPay users. PayPay Step and campaigns can add more, but they depend on identity verification, funding source, and transaction eligibility. Since June 2, 2026, any portion paid with PayPay Points is excluded from Step rewards, so do not assume point-funded spending earns the Step bonus. The PayPay Card Gold (¥11,000 annually) targets a ¥1,000,000 annual-spend benefit that nominally offsets the fee at ¥1 per point, before opportunity cost and exclusions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/paypay-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-paypay-points-step"],"products":["product:paypay-card"],"guides":["guide:paypay-points-guide","guide:paypay-app-guide","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Card Corporation","url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"The PayPay Card has no annual fee and a basic eligible return of about 1%; it is simplest for PayPay users, but since June 2, 2026 point-funded portions do not receive PayPay Step rewards.\nThe native no-fee card for the PayPay ecosystem.\nIssuer: PayPay Card Corporation; no annual fee; basic ~1%.\nDoubles as PayPay Credit funding within the Yahoo/SoftBank ecosystem.\nPayPay Step and campaigns depend on KYC, funding, and eligibility.\nSince June 2, 2026, point-funded portions do not earn Step rewards.\nPayPay Card Gold (¥11,000) targets a ¥1,000,000 annual-spend benefit.\nSimple for PayPay users\nThe PayPay Card has no annual fee and a basic eligible return around 1%, and it doubles as PayPay Credit funding inside the Yahoo/SoftBank ecosystem — making it the natural card for heavy PayPay users. PayPay Step and campaigns can add more, but they depend on identity verification, funding source, and transaction eligibility. Since June 2, 2026, any portion paid with PayPay Points is excluded from Step rewards, so do not assume point-funded spending earns the Step bonus. The PayPay Card Gold (¥11,000 annually) targets a ¥1,000,000 annual-spend benefit that nominally offsets the fee at ¥1 per point, before opportunity cost and exclusions.","url":"/en/points/paypay-card","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:d-card:en","entityId":"guide:d-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"d Card and d Card GOLD profile","plainText":"The no-fee d Card earns about 1% in d POINT; d Card GOLD (¥11,000) is worthwhile mainly for high eligible docomo billing, where a ten-percent-equivalent reward can exceed the fee.\nThe no-fee d POINT card, and when the Gold version pays off.\nIssuer: NTT DOCOMO; d Card no fee, ~1% base; d Card GOLD ¥11,000.\nd払い funding adds 0.5% to the wallet’s 0.5% where eligible.\nd Card GOLD: eligible docomo mobile/Hikari charges can earn 10%-equivalent.\nFrom September 1, 2026 the d払い funding bonus becomes limited-use points.\nGOLD is best only with sufficiently high eligible docomo billing.\nNo-fee base and the Gold threshold\nThe no-fee d Card commonly earns about 1% in d POINT and is a straightforward choice for d POINT users; funding d払い with an eligible d Card adds 0.5% to the wallet’s 0.5%. Check excluded payments, and note that from September 1, 2026 the d Card payment-method bonus for d払い was scheduled to be issued as limited-time/use points rather than ordinary points. The d Card GOLD (¥11,000 annually) is best for high eligible docomo billing: eligible docomo mobile and Docomo Hikari charges can receive ten-percent-equivalent rewards under the program’s ¥1,000 tax-exclusive units, plus a ¥1,000,000 annual-use benefit worth up to ¥10,000. A rough fee break-even against a 1% alternative is about ¥122,223 of fully eligible annual pre-tax charges, but rounding, exclusions, and caps matter.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/d-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-dcard-gold-worth","faq:rewards-dbarai-rate"],"products":["product:d-card"],"guides":["guide:d-point-club-guide","guide:d-barai-guide","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"The no-fee d Card earns about 1% in d POINT; d Card GOLD (¥11,000) is worthwhile mainly for high eligible docomo billing, where a ten-percent-equivalent reward can exceed the fee.\nThe no-fee d POINT card, and when the Gold version pays off.\nIssuer: NTT DOCOMO; d Card no fee, ~1% base; d Card GOLD ¥11,000.\nd払い funding adds 0.5% to the wallet’s 0.5% where eligible.\nd Card GOLD: eligible docomo mobile/Hikari charges can earn 10%-equivalent.\nFrom September 1, 2026 the d払い funding bonus becomes limited-use points.\nGOLD is best only with sufficiently high eligible docomo billing.\nNo-fee base and the Gold threshold\nThe no-fee d Card commonly earns about 1% in d POINT and is a straightforward choice for d POINT users; funding d払い with an eligible d Card adds 0.5% to the wallet’s 0.5%. Check excluded payments, and note that from September 1, 2026 the d Card payment-method bonus for d払い was scheduled to be issued as limited-time/use points rather than ordinary points. The d Card GOLD (¥11,000 annually) is best for high eligible docomo billing: eligible docomo mobile and Docomo Hikari charges can receive ten-percent-equivalent rewards under the program’s ¥1,000 tax-exclusive units, plus a ¥1,000,000 annual-use benefit worth up to ¥10,000. A rough fee break-even against a 1% alternative is about ¥122,223 of fully eligible annual pre-tax charges, but rounding, exclusions, and caps matter.","url":"/en/points/d-card","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:au-pay-card:en","entityId":"guide:au-pay-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"au PAY Card and Gold profile","plainText":"The no-fee au PAY Card earns about 1% in Ponta; the au PAY Gold Card (¥11,000) can earn up to 5% on eligible au PAY auto-charging plus mobile benefits, but the high rates are capped and conditional.\nThe no-fee Ponta card, and the capped high rates of the Gold version.\nIssuer: au Financial Service; au PAY Card no fee, ~1% Ponta.\nau PAY Gold Card ¥11,000: eligible au PAY autocharge up to 5% (capped).\neSmart Securities investing: standard ~0.5%, Gold ~1% (monthly limit).\nGood no-fee choice for Ponta/au users.\nCompare the capped autocharge bonus directly with the fee.\nNo-fee Ponta card and the Gold caps\nThe au PAY Card has no annual fee and an ordinary eligible return around 1% in Ponta, a good no-fee choice for Ponta and au users. The au PAY Gold Card (¥11,000 annually) can earn up to five percent on eligible au PAY auto-charging plus the wallet’s ordinary 0.5%, with conditions and a monthly bonus cap, and adds eligible mobile benefits. The published high rates are capped and conditional, so compare the autocharge bonus’s maximum directly with the fee. For card-funded investing, the standard card generally earns 0.5% and Gold one percent at eSmart Securities, up to the stated monthly limit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/au-pay-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-au-gold-worth","faq:rewards-ponta-jal"],"products":["product:au-pay-card"],"guides":["guide:ponta-points-guide","guide:au-pay-guide","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Financial Service","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"KDDI","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"The no-fee au PAY Card earns about 1% in Ponta; the au PAY Gold Card (¥11,000) can earn up to 5% on eligible au PAY auto-charging plus mobile benefits, but the high rates are capped and conditional.\nThe no-fee Ponta card, and the capped high rates of the Gold version.\nIssuer: au Financial Service; au PAY Card no fee, ~1% Ponta.\nau PAY Gold Card ¥11,000: eligible au PAY autocharge up to 5% (capped).\neSmart Securities investing: standard ~0.5%, Gold ~1% (monthly limit).\nGood no-fee choice for Ponta/au users.\nCompare the capped autocharge bonus directly with the fee.\nNo-fee Ponta card and the Gold caps\nThe au PAY Card has no annual fee and an ordinary eligible return around 1% in Ponta, a good no-fee choice for Ponta and au users. The au PAY Gold Card (¥11,000 annually) can earn up to five percent on eligible au PAY auto-charging plus the wallet’s ordinary 0.5%, with conditions and a monthly bonus cap, and adds eligible mobile benefits. The published high rates are capped and conditional, so compare the autocharge bonus’s maximum directly with the fee. For card-funded investing, the standard card generally earns 0.5% and Gold one percent at eSmart Securities, up to the stated monthly limit.","url":"/en/points/au-pay-card","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:jcb-card-w:en","entityId":"guide:jcb-card-w","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB Card W profile","plainText":"JCB Card W has no annual fee and a base equivalent to about 1% under the J-POINT structure introduced in January 2026; applications are generally limited to people aged 18–39, but the no-fee status is retained after 39.\nA strong no-fee general card for applicants aged 18–39.\nIssuer: JCB; no annual fee; base equivalent ~1% under J-POINT (from Jan 2026).\nApplications generally limited to ages 18–39; no-fee retained afterward.\nSelected J-POINT partners earn more than the base.\nWorks with QUICPay, Apple Pay, and Google Wallet on supported devices.\nConsider JCB overseas acceptance if you travel.\nA strong no-fee card for eligible applicants\nJCB Card W has no annual fee and a base equivalent of about one percent under the J-POINT structure introduced in January 2026, with selected J-POINT partners earning more. Applications are generally limited to people aged 18–39, but the no-fee status is retained after 39, so applying while eligible locks in the card. It works with QUICPay, Apple Pay, and Google Wallet on supported devices. The main considerations are the initial age restriction and JCB’s overseas acceptance, which is narrower than Visa/Mastercard in some countries. The current page advertised a temporary offer of up to 24,000 points subject to application and spending conditions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/jcb-card-w","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-young-applicant-card"],"products":["product:jcb-card-w"],"guides":["guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JCB","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcbcardw.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"JCB Card W has no annual fee and a base equivalent to about 1% under the J-POINT structure introduced in January 2026; applications are generally limited to people aged 18–39, but the no-fee status is retained after 39.\nA strong no-fee general card for applicants aged 18–39.\nIssuer: JCB; no annual fee; base equivalent ~1% under J-POINT (from Jan 2026).\nApplications generally limited to ages 18–39; no-fee retained afterward.\nSelected J-POINT partners earn more than the base.\nWorks with QUICPay, Apple Pay, and Google Wallet on supported devices.\nConsider JCB overseas acceptance if you travel.\nA strong no-fee card for eligible applicants\nJCB Card W has no annual fee and a base equivalent of about one percent under the J-POINT structure introduced in January 2026, with selected J-POINT partners earning more. Applications are generally limited to people aged 18–39, but the no-fee status is retained after 39, so applying while eligible locks in the card. It works with QUICPay, Apple Pay, and Google Wallet on supported devices. The main considerations are the initial age restriction and JCB’s overseas acceptance, which is narrower than Visa/Mastercard in some countries. The current page advertised a temporary offer of up to 24,000 points subject to application and spending conditions.","url":"/en/points/jcb-card-w","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:epos-card:en","entityId":"guide:epos-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Epos Card profile","plainText":"The Epos Card has no annual fee and earns about 0.5% (1 point per ¥200); ordinary points generally expire after two years but can be extended, and Epos Gold becomes attractive after a free invitation or natural fee waiver.\nAn easy-to-get no-fee secondary card with useful invitations to Gold.\nIssuer: Marui/Epos (Visa); no annual fee; base ~0.5% (1 point per ¥200).\nMerchant and travel-portal bonuses vary; easy secondary card.\nOrdinary points generally expire after two years but can be extended.\nEpos Gold: fee can become free after qualifying annual use or invitation.\nOften cited as accessible for residents building card history.\nAn accessible secondary card\nThe Epos Card has no annual fee and earns one Epos Point per ¥200, usually about 0.5% before bonuses, with varying merchant and travel-portal bonuses. It is an easy no-fee secondary card, often cited as accessible for residents building a card history. Ordinary points generally expire after two years but can be extended by activity. Epos Gold is attractive after a free invitation or a natural fee waiver — its annual bonus increases with spending up to a published maximum, and subsequent years can become free after qualifying annual use — but it is less compelling if you pay a fee without using the benefits.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/epos-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-foreign-first-card"],"products":["product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:foreign-resident-rewards","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Marui / Epos","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"The Epos Card has no annual fee and earns about 0.5% (1 point per ¥200); ordinary points generally expire after two years but can be extended, and Epos Gold becomes attractive after a free invitation or natural fee waiver.\nAn easy-to-get no-fee secondary card with useful invitations to Gold.\nIssuer: Marui/Epos (Visa); no annual fee; base ~0.5% (1 point per ¥200).\nMerchant and travel-portal bonuses vary; easy secondary card.\nOrdinary points generally expire after two years but can be extended.\nEpos Gold: fee can become free after qualifying annual use or invitation.\nOften cited as accessible for residents building card history.\nAn accessible secondary card\nThe Epos Card has no annual fee and earns one Epos Point per ¥200, usually about 0.5% before bonuses, with varying merchant and travel-portal bonuses. It is an easy no-fee secondary card, often cited as accessible for residents building a card history. Ordinary points generally expire after two years but can be extended by activity. Epos Gold is attractive after a free invitation or a natural fee waiver — its annual bonus increases with spending up to a published maximum, and subsequent years can become free after qualifying annual use — but it is less compelling if you pay a fee without using the benefits.","url":"/en/points/epos-card","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:view-card-standard:en","entityId":"guide:view-card-standard","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"View Card profile (JR East)","plainText":"The View Card Standard (¥524) earns about 0.5% base but 1.5% on Mobile Suica charging; a commuter needs roughly ¥52,400 of annual Suica charging to recover the fee from the extra one percentage point.\nThe JR East card that earns 1.5% on Mobile Suica charging.\nIssuer: JR East; ¥524 annual fee; base about 0.5%.\nMobile Suica charging earns 1.5%; stacks with JRE ride points.\nEligible Mobile Suica commuter passes and Green Car can earn 5%.\nBreak-even: ~¥52,400/year of 1.5%-eligible charging to recover the fee.\nBest for frequent JR East / Mobile Suica users.\nA transit-specialist card\nThe View Card Standard has a ¥524 annual fee and an ordinary base around 0.5%, but Mobile Suica charging earns 1.5%, and eligible Mobile Suica commuter passes and Green Car products can earn five percent. Charging a registered Mobile Suica with a View card stacks the 1.5% charge reward with JRE ride points, creating a nominal 3.5% on eligible JR East travel funding. Compared with a 0.5% free card, a user needs roughly ¥52,400 of annual 1.5%-eligible Suica charging to recover the ¥524 fee from the additional one percentage point alone — so it is worthwhile only for frequent JR East and Mobile Suica users.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/view-card-standard","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-view-card-worth","faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate"],"products":["product:view-card-standard"],"guides":["guide:jre-point-guide","guide:train-commuter-rewards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"The View Card Standard (¥524) earns about 0.5% base but 1.5% on Mobile Suica charging; a commuter needs roughly ¥52,400 of annual Suica charging to recover the fee from the extra one percentage point.\nThe JR East card that earns 1.5% on Mobile Suica charging.\nIssuer: JR East; ¥524 annual fee; base about 0.5%.\nMobile Suica charging earns 1.5%; stacks with JRE ride points.\nEligible Mobile Suica commuter passes and Green Car can earn 5%.\nBreak-even: ~¥52,400/year of 1.5%-eligible charging to recover the fee.\nBest for frequent JR East / Mobile Suica users.\nA transit-specialist card\nThe View Card Standard has a ¥524 annual fee and an ordinary base around 0.5%, but Mobile Suica charging earns 1.5%, and eligible Mobile Suica commuter passes and Green Car products can earn five percent. Charging a registered Mobile Suica with a View card stacks the 1.5% charge reward with JRE ride points, creating a nominal 3.5% on eligible JR East travel funding. Compared with a 0.5% free card, a user needs roughly ¥52,400 of annual 1.5%-eligible Suica charging to recover the ¥524 fee from the additional one percentage point alone — so it is worthwhile only for frequent JR East and Mobile Suica users.","url":"/en/points/view-card-standard","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bic-camera-suica-card:en","entityId":"guide:bic-camera-suica-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Bic Camera Suica Card profile","plainText":"The Bic Camera Suica Card is free the first year and waived afterward with at least one qualifying annual transaction; it combines BicCamera points with Suica/JRE POINT functionality.\nA hybrid card combining BicCamera points with Suica and JRE functions.\nIssuer: JR East / BicCamera hybrid; first year free.\nSubsequent annual fee waived after at least one qualifying transaction.\nCombines BicCamera points with Suica and JRE POINT functions.\nUseful for people who shop at BicCamera and use JR East.\nCompare electronics cash prices and reduced-point payment methods.\nA useful electronics/transit hybrid\nThe Bic Camera Suica Card is free the first year, and the subsequent annual fee is waived after at least one qualifying annual card transaction. It combines BicCamera points with Suica and JRE POINT functionality, making it a useful hybrid for people who both shop at BicCamera and use JR East. As with any electronics card, compare the final cash price and reduced-point payment methods — the store point rate can differ by product and payment method, so the headline percentage is not the whole story.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/bic-camera-suica-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:electronics-store-points","guide:jre-point-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"The Bic Camera Suica Card is free the first year and waived afterward with at least one qualifying annual transaction; it combines BicCamera points with Suica/JRE POINT functionality.\nA hybrid card combining BicCamera points with Suica and JRE functions.\nIssuer: JR East / BicCamera hybrid; first year free.\nSubsequent annual fee waived after at least one qualifying transaction.\nCombines BicCamera points with Suica and JRE POINT functions.\nUseful for people who shop at BicCamera and use JR East.\nCompare electronics cash prices and reduced-point payment methods.\nA useful electronics/transit hybrid\nThe Bic Camera Suica Card is free the first year, and the subsequent annual fee is waived after at least one qualifying annual card transaction. It combines BicCamera points with Suica and JRE POINT functionality, making it a useful hybrid for people who both shop at BicCamera and use JR East. As with any electronics card, compare the final cash price and reduced-point payment methods — the store point rate can differ by product and payment method, so the headline percentage is not the whole story.","url":"/en/points/bic-camera-suica-card","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:aeon-card:en","entityId":"guide:aeon-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"AEON Card profile","plainText":"The AEON Card has no annual fee and earns WAON POINT (about 0.5% base), with double points on AEON-group “W Point” days; it is strongest for regular AEON shoppers.\nA no-fee card for AEON-group shoppers with double-point member days.\nIssuer: AEON Financial (Visa/Mastercard/JCB); no annual fee (standard).\nBase about 0.5% in WAON POINT (formerly Tokimeki Points).\nDouble points on AEON-group stores on designated days.\nMainly valuable for AEON usage; Gold version has fee/waiver conditions.\nApplications generally limited to residents, in Japanese.\nBuilt for AEON member days\nThe AEON Card has no annual fee on the standard version and earns WAON POINT at about 0.5%, with double points at AEON-group stores on designated “W Point” days — which, given how frequently groceries are bought, can matter more than a small difference between general cards. Its value concentrates in AEON usage. The Gold version has a fee that can be waived after qualifying annual use and adds travel insurance. Foreign applications are generally in Japanese only, so the card suits residents who regularly shop at AEON, MaxValu, and other group stores.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/aeon-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-supermarket-best"],"products":["product:aeon-card-select"],"guides":["guide:waon-point-guide","guide:supermarket-points"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/ct/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"The AEON Card has no annual fee and earns WAON POINT (about 0.5% base), with double points on AEON-group “W Point” days; it is strongest for regular AEON shoppers.\nA no-fee card for AEON-group shoppers with double-point member days.\nIssuer: AEON Financial (Visa/Mastercard/JCB); no annual fee (standard).\nBase about 0.5% in WAON POINT (formerly Tokimeki Points).\nDouble points on AEON-group stores on designated days.\nMainly valuable for AEON usage; Gold version has fee/waiver conditions.\nApplications generally limited to residents, in Japanese.\nBuilt for AEON member days\nThe AEON Card has no annual fee on the standard version and earns WAON POINT at about 0.5%, with double points at AEON-group stores on designated “W Point” days — which, given how frequently groceries are bought, can matter more than a small difference between general cards. Its value concentrates in AEON usage. The Gold version has a fee that can be waived after qualifying annual use and adds travel insurance. Foreign applications are generally in Japanese only, so the card suits residents who regularly shop at AEON, MaxValu, and other group stores.","url":"/en/points/aeon-card","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:saison-gold-amex:en","entityId":"guide:saison-gold-amex","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saison Gold American Express profile","plainText":"The Saison Gold American Express is free the first year, and the subsequent ¥11,000 fee can be waived with at least one annual card use under the cited offer; Saison Permanent Points notably do not expire.\nA low-maintenance gold card with non-expiring Saison points and a use-based fee waiver.\nIssuer: Credit Saison; first year free under the current structure.\nSubsequent ¥11,000 fee can be waived with at least one annual card use.\nSaison Permanent Points do not expire — notable among Japanese programs.\nAdds Saison campaigns, travel, and partner benefits.\nLow maintenance when the use-based fee waiver applies.\nNon-expiring points and a use-based waiver\nThe Saison Gold American Express is free the first year under the current product structure, and the subsequent ¥11,000 fee can be waived with at least one annual card use under the cited offer — a low-maintenance arrangement. Its standout feature is Saison Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント), which do not expire, a rarity among Japanese programs and helpful for anyone who accumulates slowly. It adds Saison campaigns, travel, and partner benefits, and supports mobile wallets. As always, check the current insurance guide before valuing the travel benefits, and do not pay a fee for perks you will not use.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/saison-gold-amex","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-permanent-points"],"products":["product:saison-gold-premium"],"guides":["guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"The Saison Gold American Express is free the first year, and the subsequent ¥11,000 fee can be waived with at least one annual card use under the cited offer; Saison Permanent Points notably do not expire.\nA low-maintenance gold card with non-expiring Saison points and a use-based fee waiver.\nIssuer: Credit Saison; first year free under the current structure.\nSubsequent ¥11,000 fee can be waived with at least one annual card use.\nSaison Permanent Points do not expire — notable among Japanese programs.\nAdds Saison campaigns, travel, and partner benefits.\nLow maintenance when the use-based fee waiver applies.\nNon-expiring points and a use-based waiver\nThe Saison Gold American Express is free the first year under the current product structure, and the subsequent ¥11,000 fee can be waived with at least one annual card use under the cited offer — a low-maintenance arrangement. Its standout feature is Saison Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント), which do not expire, a rarity among Japanese programs and helpful for anyone who accumulates slowly. It adds Saison campaigns, travel, and partner benefits, and supports mobile wallets. As always, check the current insurance guide before valuing the travel benefits, and do not pay a fee for perks you will not use.","url":"/en/points/saison-gold-amex","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:paypay-app-guide:en","entityId":"guide:paypay-app-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PayPay app guide","plainText":"Set up PayPay with Japanese authentication and eKYC, fund via bank, ATM cash, or PayPay Card, and pay by QR at ~10 million stores; ordinary Points do not expire but only PayPay Money can be sent or withdrawn.\nSetup, funding, earning, sending, withdrawal, and security for Japan’s dominant QR wallet.\nFunding: bank transfer (no fee), ATM cash, or PayPay Card; the source sets the balance type.\nEarning depends on PayPay Step, which requires KYC since June 2, 2026.\nPoint-funded portions do not earn Step rewards.\nPayPay Money can be sent/withdrawn; PayPay Points and Money Lite cannot.\nMy Code receipt has required KYC since June 17, 2026.\nSetup and funding\nYou register PayPay in the app with Japanese mobile authentication; higher usage requires eKYC identity verification. Funding sources include bank transfer (no fee), ATM cash charging, carrier charging, and the PayPay Card, and the source determines whether value becomes PayPay Money or Money Lite. Foreign-card funding is limited: PayPay is not a general foreign-card acceptance workaround, and supported card registration and 3-D Secure rules apply. Charging via ATM or an excluded card generally earns no reward, so use the app’s eligible route if you want points.\nEarning, sending, and security\nBase earning is conditional on PayPay Step, which since June 2, 2026 requires identity verification; any portion paid with PayPay Points is excluded from Step rewards. PayPay is accepted at around ten million stores and supports bill payment (reward treatment differs) and peer-to-peer sending. Only PayPay Money can be sent or withdrawn — PayPay Points and Money Lite cannot. Sending money is not a card purchase and has weaker reversal rights: PayPay states user-initiated send/receive activity is outside its compensation program, so verify recipients. For security, use biometric/PIN locking, and after a lost phone, lock the device, suspend credentials, and review transactions. Never disclose SMS codes or PINs to a caller.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/paypay-app-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-paypay-charge-points","faq:rewards-paypay-points-step","faq:rewards-no-expiry"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:paypay-points-guide","guide:paypay-card","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Card Corporation","url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Set up PayPay with Japanese authentication and eKYC, fund via bank, ATM cash, or PayPay Card, and pay by QR at ~10 million stores; ordinary Points do not expire but only PayPay Money can be sent or withdrawn.\nSetup, funding, earning, sending, withdrawal, and security for Japan’s dominant QR wallet.\nFunding: bank transfer (no fee), ATM cash, or PayPay Card; the source sets the balance type.\nEarning depends on PayPay Step, which requires KYC since June 2, 2026.\nPoint-funded portions do not earn Step rewards.\nPayPay Money can be sent/withdrawn; PayPay Points and Money Lite cannot.\nMy Code receipt has required KYC since June 17, 2026.\nSetup and funding\nYou register PayPay in the app with Japanese mobile authentication; higher usage requires eKYC identity verification. Funding sources include bank transfer (no fee), ATM cash charging, carrier charging, and the PayPay Card, and the source determines whether value becomes PayPay Money or Money Lite. Foreign-card funding is limited: PayPay is not a general foreign-card acceptance workaround, and supported card registration and 3-D Secure rules apply. Charging via ATM or an excluded card generally earns no reward, so use the app’s eligible route if you want points.\nEarning, sending, and security\nBase earning is conditional on PayPay Step, which since June 2, 2026 requires identity verification; any portion paid with PayPay Points is excluded from Step rewards. PayPay is accepted at around ten million stores and supports bill payment (reward treatment differs) and peer-to-peer sending. Only PayPay Money can be sent or withdrawn — PayPay Points and Money Lite cannot. Sending money is not a card purchase and has weaker reversal rights: PayPay states user-initiated send/receive activity is outside its compensation program, so verify recipients. For security, use biometric/PIN locking, and after a lost phone, lock the device, suspend credentials, and review transactions. Never disclose SMS codes or PINs to a caller.","url":"/en/points/paypay-app-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rakuten-pay-guide:en","entityId":"guide:rakuten-pay-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Pay app guide","plainText":"Rakuten Pay ties to your Rakuten account and can reach up to 2.5% when you present an eligible Rakuten Point Card and meet qualifying Rakuten Cash payment conditions; the announced March 1, 2026 change was postponed.\nHow Rakuten Pay earns points, its up-to-2.5% stack, and the postponed March 2026 change.\nRequires a Rakuten account; link a Rakuten Card to earn.\nUp to 2.5% when presenting an eligible point card and paying via qualifying Rakuten Cash.\nWithout qualifying point-card presentation, the maximum is lower.\nThe proposed March 1, 2026 reward change was postponed — old guides are outdated.\nLess acceptance than PayPay, but integrated with Rakuten Points.\nSetup and earning\nRakuten Pay is a QR payment tied to your Rakuten account. You link a Rakuten Card (recommended) and can fund via Rakuten Cash or supported registered sources; 3-D Secure or card scanning may be required. The current program advertises up to 2.5% when an eligible Rakuten Point Card is presented and qualifying Rakuten Cash payment conditions are met; without qualifying point-card presentation, the maximum is lower. The point-card rate varies by merchant, and excluded merchants or payment sources reduce the rate.\nThe postponed change and comparison\nA proposed March 1, 2026 reward change was postponed, so any guide assuming it took effect is outdated — verify the current terms in the app before relying on a rate. Rakuten Cash sending and receiving is supported within the app under current procedures, and invoice payment is supported (some bills do not accept point use). Compared with PayPay, Rakuten Pay has less merchant acceptance but integrates tightly with Rakuten Points, so it is strongest for Rakuten users who can combine point-card presentation and payment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/rakuten-pay-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-rakuten-pay-change","faq:rewards-rakuten-pay-max"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:rakuten-points-guide","guide:rakuten-card","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Payment","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Rakuten Pay ties to your Rakuten account and can reach up to 2.5% when you present an eligible Rakuten Point Card and meet qualifying Rakuten Cash payment conditions; the announced March 1, 2026 change was postponed.\nHow Rakuten Pay earns points, its up-to-2.5% stack, and the postponed March 2026 change.\nRequires a Rakuten account; link a Rakuten Card to earn.\nUp to 2.5% when presenting an eligible point card and paying via qualifying Rakuten Cash.\nWithout qualifying point-card presentation, the maximum is lower.\nThe proposed March 1, 2026 reward change was postponed — old guides are outdated.\nLess acceptance than PayPay, but integrated with Rakuten Points.\nSetup and earning\nRakuten Pay is a QR payment tied to your Rakuten account. You link a Rakuten Card (recommended) and can fund via Rakuten Cash or supported registered sources; 3-D Secure or card scanning may be required. The current program advertises up to 2.5% when an eligible Rakuten Point Card is presented and qualifying Rakuten Cash payment conditions are met; without qualifying point-card presentation, the maximum is lower. The point-card rate varies by merchant, and excluded merchants or payment sources reduce the rate.\nThe postponed change and comparison\nA proposed March 1, 2026 reward change was postponed, so any guide assuming it took effect is outdated — verify the current terms in the app before relying on a rate. Rakuten Cash sending and receiving is supported within the app under current procedures, and invoice payment is supported (some bills do not accept point use). Compared with PayPay, Rakuten Pay has less merchant acceptance but integrates tightly with Rakuten Points, so it is strongest for Rakuten users who can combine point-card presentation and payment.","url":"/en/points/rakuten-pay-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:d-barai-guide:en","entityId":"guide:d-barai-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"d払い (d Barai) guide","plainText":"d払い earns about 0.5% d POINT, or ~1% with eligible d Card funding; other-card funding does not earn ordinary d払い points, and from September 1, 2026 the d Card funding bonus becomes limited-use points.\ndocomo’s QR wallet, its 0.5%/1% earning, and the September 2026 funding-bonus change.\nNeeds a d Account (available to non-docomo users) and a smartphone.\nBase ~0.5%; eligible d Card funding adds 0.5% for ~1% before store points.\nOther-card funding does not receive ordinary d払い points.\nFrom September 1, 2026 the d Card funding bonus becomes limited-use points.\nAccepted at Lawson, FamilyMart, and the same stores as d POINT.\nSetup, earning, and the September 2026 change\nd払い is docomo’s QR payment. You need a d Account — available even to non-docomo customers — and a smartphone, and you link funding such as a credit card or bank. Base earning is about 0.5% d POINT; funding with an eligible d Card adds 0.5%, producing roughly 1% before store points. Importantly, other-card funding does not receive ordinary d払い points, so do not assume any linked card earns the wallet reward. It is accepted at Lawson, FamilyMart, and the same stores as d POINT. From September 1, 2026 the d Card funding bonus was scheduled to become limited-time/use points rather than ordinary points, so verify the current treatment before relying on it. It is best for d POINT and docomo users, ideally with a d Card linked.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/d-barai-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-dbarai-rate","faq:rewards-dbarai-other-card"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:d-point-club-guide","guide:d-card","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"d払い earns about 0.5% d POINT, or ~1% with eligible d Card funding; other-card funding does not earn ordinary d払い points, and from September 1, 2026 the d Card funding bonus becomes limited-use points.\ndocomo’s QR wallet, its 0.5%/1% earning, and the September 2026 funding-bonus change.\nNeeds a d Account (available to non-docomo users) and a smartphone.\nBase ~0.5%; eligible d Card funding adds 0.5% for ~1% before store points.\nOther-card funding does not receive ordinary d払い points.\nFrom September 1, 2026 the d Card funding bonus becomes limited-use points.\nAccepted at Lawson, FamilyMart, and the same stores as d POINT.\nSetup, earning, and the September 2026 change\nd払い is docomo’s QR payment. You need a d Account — available even to non-docomo customers — and a smartphone, and you link funding such as a credit card or bank. Base earning is about 0.5% d POINT; funding with an eligible d Card adds 0.5%, producing roughly 1% before store points. Importantly, other-card funding does not receive ordinary d払い points, so do not assume any linked card earns the wallet reward. It is accepted at Lawson, FamilyMart, and the same stores as d POINT. From September 1, 2026 the d Card funding bonus was scheduled to become limited-time/use points rather than ordinary points, so verify the current treatment before relying on it. It is best for d POINT and docomo users, ideally with a d Card linked.","url":"/en/points/d-barai-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:au-pay-guide:en","entityId":"guide:au-pay-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"au PAY guide","plainText":"au PAY earns about 0.5% Ponta on ordinary spending (Gold autocharge can add up to 5% with caps); eligible au PAY Money can be withdrawn free at au Jibun Bank, or ¥220 at other banks.\nKDDI’s QR wallet, Ponta earning, and withdrawal rules.\nSetup with an au ID; funding by bank, cash, supported cards, or au PAY Card.\nOrdinary spending earns ~0.5% Ponta; Gold autocharge up to 5% (capped).\nEligible au PAY Money can be sent and withdrawn.\nau Jibun Bank withdrawal is free; other banks ~¥220 (¥100,000 max per transaction).\nAccepted at Lawson, FamilyMart, and many stores.\nEarning, funding, and withdrawal\nau PAY is KDDI’s QR payment, set up with an au ID and funded by bank account, cash, supported cards, carrier pathways, or the au PAY Card — funding eligibility differs by card issuer and account status. Ordinary au PAY spending earns approximately 0.5% Ponta, and Gold autocharge can add up to five percent under conditions and a monthly bonus cap. Eligible au PAY Money can be sent and withdrawn: au Jibun Bank withdrawal is free under current terms, while other banks generally cost ¥220 per withdrawal, with a ¥100,000 per-transaction maximum. Bill and tax payments are supported in designated cases, but reward eligibility must be checked separately. It is best for Ponta, au, and UQ users.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/au-pay-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-aupay-withdraw","faq:rewards-ponta-jal"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ponta-points-guide","guide:au-pay-card","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"KDDI","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Financial Service","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"au PAY earns about 0.5% Ponta on ordinary spending (Gold autocharge can add up to 5% with caps); eligible au PAY Money can be withdrawn free at au Jibun Bank, or ¥220 at other banks.\nKDDI’s QR wallet, Ponta earning, and withdrawal rules.\nSetup with an au ID; funding by bank, cash, supported cards, or au PAY Card.\nOrdinary spending earns ~0.5% Ponta; Gold autocharge up to 5% (capped).\nEligible au PAY Money can be sent and withdrawn.\nau Jibun Bank withdrawal is free; other banks ~¥220 (¥100,000 max per transaction).\nAccepted at Lawson, FamilyMart, and many stores.\nEarning, funding, and withdrawal\nau PAY is KDDI’s QR payment, set up with an au ID and funded by bank account, cash, supported cards, carrier pathways, or the au PAY Card — funding eligibility differs by card issuer and account status. Ordinary au PAY spending earns approximately 0.5% Ponta, and Gold autocharge can add up to five percent under conditions and a monthly bonus cap. Eligible au PAY Money can be sent and withdrawn: au Jibun Bank withdrawal is free under current terms, while other banks generally cost ¥220 per withdrawal, with a ¥100,000 per-transaction maximum. Bill and tax payments are supported in designated cases, but reward eligibility must be checked separately. It is best for Ponta, au, and UQ users.","url":"/en/points/au-pay-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:merpay-guide:en","entityId":"guide:merpay-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Merpay (Mercari) guide","plainText":"Merpay spends Mercari sales balance or a linked card; rewards are mainly campaign/Mercard-driven, and identity verification converts functionality toward a money account, allows bank charging, and removes the 180-day sales-proceeds deadline.\nHow Merpay uses Mercari sales balance, and why verification removes the withdrawal deadline.\nTied to a Mercari account; spends sales balance or deferred-payment products.\nReward rate is primarily campaign- and Mercard-dependent.\nVerification allows bank charging and removes the sales-proceeds deadline.\nMercari sales proceeds otherwise have a 180-day withdrawal/application deadline.\nBest for active Mercari buyers and sellers, not as a universal points app.\nBalance, verification, and best fit\nMerpay is a payment app tied to your Mercari account. You spend the balance from sales, a charged amount after verification, or Merpay deferred-payment products, and the reward rate is primarily campaign- and Mercard-dependent rather than a universal high base. Identity verification is the key step: it converts functionality toward a money-transfer account, allows bank charging, and removes the sales-proceeds withdrawal deadline. Without verification, Mercari sales proceeds have a 180-day withdrawal/application deadline, and verified balance can be sent while unverified paid points have lower limits. Merpay is best for active Mercari buyers and sellers, not as a universal points app.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/merpay-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-merpay-send"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Merpay","url":"https://www.merpay.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Merpay spends Mercari sales balance or a linked card; rewards are mainly campaign/Mercard-driven, and identity verification converts functionality toward a money account, allows bank charging, and removes the 180-day sales-proceeds deadline.\nHow Merpay uses Mercari sales balance, and why verification removes the withdrawal deadline.\nTied to a Mercari account; spends sales balance or deferred-payment products.\nReward rate is primarily campaign- and Mercard-dependent.\nVerification allows bank charging and removes the sales-proceeds deadline.\nMercari sales proceeds otherwise have a 180-day withdrawal/application deadline.\nBest for active Mercari buyers and sellers, not as a universal points app.\nBalance, verification, and best fit\nMerpay is a payment app tied to your Mercari account. You spend the balance from sales, a charged amount after verification, or Merpay deferred-payment products, and the reward rate is primarily campaign- and Mercard-dependent rather than a universal high base. Identity verification is the key step: it converts functionality toward a money-transfer account, allows bank charging, and removes the sales-proceeds withdrawal deadline. Without verification, Mercari sales proceeds have a 180-day withdrawal/application deadline, and verified balance can be sent while unverified paid points have lower limits. Merpay is best for active Mercari buyers and sellers, not as a universal points app.","url":"/en/points/merpay-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:apple-google-pay-guide:en","entityId":"guide:apple-google-pay-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Apple Pay and Google Wallet in Japan","plainText":"Apple Pay and Google Wallet store supported cards and Japanese e-money (Suica, PASMO, WAON, nanaco, and more) but do not create rewards themselves — the underlying card or transit program determines rewards.\nWhat each wallet stores, which Japanese e-money it supports, and why the underlying card sets rewards.\nApple Pay supports Suica, PASMO, iD, QUICPay, WAON, nanaco, and credit cards.\nGoogle Wallet supports Suica, PASMO, Rakuten Edy, WAON, nanaco, and QUICPay.\nNeither wallet creates a universal extra reward; the underlying card does.\nA phone bought for another market may lack Japanese hardware support.\nLost-phone controls: device locking, Find My, and issuer suspension.\nWhat each wallet supports and how rewards work\nApple Pay stores supported issuer cards and Japanese transit/e-money on compatible Apple devices, routing through the contactless network, iD, QUICPay, Suica, PASMO, WAON, or nanaco depending on the card and product. Google Wallet supports listed Japanese issuer cards and e-money on compatible Android devices; official support lists Suica, PASMO, Rakuten Edy, WAON, and nanaco, with top-up rules differing by product, plus QUICPay, iD, and network contactless. Crucially, neither wallet creates a universal extra reward — the underlying card or transit program determines rewards, and a merchant category may require a precise Apple Pay route. A phone purchased for another market may lack the required Japanese hardware support (FeliCa). For lost devices, use device locking, Find My, and issuer suspension.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/apple-google-pay-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-apple-pay-points","faq:rewards-google-wallet-emoney"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:id-quicpay-guide","guide:emoney-payment-guide","guide:mobile-suica-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Apple","url":"https://support.apple.com/ja-jp/apple-pay","official":true},{"publisher":"Google","url":"https://support.google.com/wallet/answer/12058983","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Apple Pay and Google Wallet store supported cards and Japanese e-money (Suica, PASMO, WAON, nanaco, and more) but do not create rewards themselves — the underlying card or transit program determines rewards.\nWhat each wallet stores, which Japanese e-money it supports, and why the underlying card sets rewards.\nApple Pay supports Suica, PASMO, iD, QUICPay, WAON, nanaco, and credit cards.\nGoogle Wallet supports Suica, PASMO, Rakuten Edy, WAON, nanaco, and QUICPay.\nNeither wallet creates a universal extra reward; the underlying card does.\nA phone bought for another market may lack Japanese hardware support.\nLost-phone controls: device locking, Find My, and issuer suspension.\nWhat each wallet supports and how rewards work\nApple Pay stores supported issuer cards and Japanese transit/e-money on compatible Apple devices, routing through the contactless network, iD, QUICPay, Suica, PASMO, WAON, or nanaco depending on the card and product. Google Wallet supports listed Japanese issuer cards and e-money on compatible Android devices; official support lists Suica, PASMO, Rakuten Edy, WAON, and nanaco, with top-up rules differing by product, plus QUICPay, iD, and network contactless. Crucially, neither wallet creates a universal extra reward — the underlying card or transit program determines rewards, and a merchant category may require a precise Apple Pay route. A phone purchased for another market may lack the required Japanese hardware support (FeliCa). For lost devices, use device locking, Find My, and issuer suspension.","url":"/en/points/apple-google-pay-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:id-quicpay-guide:en","entityId":"guide:id-quicpay-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"iD and QUICPay explained","plainText":"iD and QUICPay are contactless payment rails linked to a credit card; they have no independent point rate — the linked card’s program supplies rewards, and they are not interchangeable with Visa/Mastercard/JCB touch for bonus categories.\nWhat these contactless rails are, and why they can receive different campaign treatment.\niD and QUICPay are token services linked to credit cards.\nThey offer instant contactless payment at iD/QUICPay terminals.\nNo independent point rate; the linked card’s program sets rewards.\nNot interchangeable with Visa/Mastercard/JCB touch for bonus categories.\nAlways identify which credential is being charged.\nContactless rails, not point programs\niD and QUICPay are contactless payment rails: token services linked to a credit (or debit/prepaid) card, used at terminals showing the iD or QUICPay logo, with no signature or PIN for small amounts. Neither has an independent point rate — rewards flow through the linked card’s program. The important consequence is that they are not interchangeable with Visa/Mastercard/JCB network contactless (“touch”) for bonus-category eligibility: a campaign requiring network touch or a card-number transaction may exclude iD or QUICPay, as SMBC’s selected-store seven-percent route excludes iD. Apple Pay can route many cards through QUICPay or iD, while Google Wallet’s contactless support is narrower on some devices. Always identify which credential is actually being charged before assuming a category bonus applies.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/id-quicpay-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-id-vs-touch","faq:rewards-apple-pay-points"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:apple-google-pay-guide","guide:smbc-numberless-card"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Apple","url":"https://support.apple.com/ja-jp/apple-pay","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"iD and QUICPay are contactless payment rails linked to a credit card; they have no independent point rate — the linked card’s program supplies rewards, and they are not interchangeable with Visa/Mastercard/JCB touch for bonus categories.\nWhat these contactless rails are, and why they can receive different campaign treatment.\niD and QUICPay are token services linked to credit cards.\nThey offer instant contactless payment at iD/QUICPay terminals.\nNo independent point rate; the linked card’s program sets rewards.\nNot interchangeable with Visa/Mastercard/JCB touch for bonus categories.\nAlways identify which credential is being charged.\nContactless rails, not point programs\niD and QUICPay are contactless payment rails: token services linked to a credit (or debit/prepaid) card, used at terminals showing the iD or QUICPay logo, with no signature or PIN for small amounts. Neither has an independent point rate — rewards flow through the linked card’s program. The important consequence is that they are not interchangeable with Visa/Mastercard/JCB network contactless (“touch”) for bonus-category eligibility: a campaign requiring network touch or a card-number transaction may exclude iD or QUICPay, as SMBC’s selected-store seven-percent route excludes iD. Apple Pay can route many cards through QUICPay or iD, while Google Wallet’s contactless support is narrower on some devices. Always identify which credential is actually being charged before assuming a category bonus applies.","url":"/en/points/id-quicpay-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:emoney-payment-guide:en","entityId":"guide:emoney-payment-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Other e-money: WAON, nanaco, Suica","plainText":"Suica/PASMO are mostly transit e-money with limited rewards, while WAON (AEON/Ministop) and nanaco (Seven & i) are closed-loop stored value that earn their own points — never assume an arbitrary card charge to them earns card points.\nHow stored-value e-money differs from loyalty points, and where each earns.\nSuica/PASMO: mostly transit; broad merchant acceptance, limited base reward.\nWAON earns WAON POINT at AEON-group and participating merchants.\nnanaco earns points at Seven & i; accumulated points convert to e-money.\nThese are primarily closed-loop stored value.\nNever assume an arbitrary card-to-e-money charge earns card points.\nStored value vs loyalty points\nSuica and PASMO are transit-first e-money with broad merchant acceptance but limited base reward — the reward comes from the funding card or, for JR East, from registered Mobile Suica ride points. WAON electronic money earns WAON POINT at AEON-group and participating merchants when member-registered, and Mobile Suica can be added to Apple Pay. nanaco electronic money earns points at Seven & i, and accumulated nanaco points convert into e-money. The key discipline across all of these: they are primarily closed-loop stored value, and you must never assume that charging them with an arbitrary card earns that card’s points — only specifically eligible funding routes qualify. Older materials also blur “WAON electronic money points” and “WAON POINT,” which are different things.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/emoney-payment-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-emoney-card-points","faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:waon-point-guide","guide:nanaco-points-guide","guide:mobile-suica-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Suica/PASMO are mostly transit e-money with limited rewards, while WAON (AEON/Ministop) and nanaco (Seven & i) are closed-loop stored value that earn their own points — never assume an arbitrary card charge to them earns card points.\nHow stored-value e-money differs from loyalty points, and where each earns.\nSuica/PASMO: mostly transit; broad merchant acceptance, limited base reward.\nWAON earns WAON POINT at AEON-group and participating merchants.\nnanaco earns points at Seven & i; accumulated points convert to e-money.\nThese are primarily closed-loop stored value.\nNever assume an arbitrary card-to-e-money charge earns card points.\nStored value vs loyalty points\nSuica and PASMO are transit-first e-money with broad merchant acceptance but limited base reward — the reward comes from the funding card or, for JR East, from registered Mobile Suica ride points. WAON electronic money earns WAON POINT at AEON-group and participating merchants when member-registered, and Mobile Suica can be added to Apple Pay. nanaco electronic money earns points at Seven & i, and accumulated nanaco points convert into e-money. The key discipline across all of these: they are primarily closed-loop stored value, and you must never assume that charging them with an arbitrary card earns that card’s points — only specifically eligible funding routes qualify. Older materials also blur “WAON electronic money points” and “WAON POINT,” which are different things.","url":"/en/points/emoney-payment-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mobile-suica-guide:en","entityId":"guide:mobile-suica-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mobile Suica guide","plainText":"Registered Mobile Suica earns JRE POINT on eligible JR East rides at 1 point per ¥50 (2%), and View Card charging adds 1.5%; foreign-issued card charging can be inconsistent.\nHow Mobile Suica earns JRE POINT on rides and 1.5% on View charging.\nRegistered Mobile Suica earns 1 JRE POINT per ¥50 (2%) on eligible JR East rides.\nView Card charging adds 1.5%, for a nominal 3.5% stack.\nAdd via the app or mobile wallet; card-specific reward eligibility differs.\nForeign-issued card charging can be inconsistent — not a guaranteed strategy.\nComplete device transfer/recovery through Mobile Suica and the device wallet.\nRides, charging, and portability\nMobile Suica works through the app or mobile wallet with supported Japanese and many eligible cards, though card-specific reward eligibility differs. Registered Mobile Suica earns JRE POINT on eligible JR East rides at one point per ¥50 (2%), and charging with a View Card can add 1.5%, so a View-funded registered Mobile Suica stacks a nominal 3.5% on eligible travel. It also gives full transit and broad Suica merchant use. Foreign-issued card charging can be inconsistent and is not a guaranteed funding strategy, so residents often pair it with a Japanese card. Complete account recovery and device transfer through Mobile Suica and the device wallet. It is best for JR East commuters and many visitors or residents using iPhone or compatible Android.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/mobile-suica-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-suica-register","faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate","faq:rewards-view-card-worth"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:jre-point-guide","guide:view-card-standard","guide:train-commuter-rewards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"Apple","url":"https://support.apple.com/ja-jp/apple-pay","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Registered Mobile Suica earns JRE POINT on eligible JR East rides at 1 point per ¥50 (2%), and View Card charging adds 1.5%; foreign-issued card charging can be inconsistent.\nHow Mobile Suica earns JRE POINT on rides and 1.5% on View charging.\nRegistered Mobile Suica earns 1 JRE POINT per ¥50 (2%) on eligible JR East rides.\nView Card charging adds 1.5%, for a nominal 3.5% stack.\nAdd via the app or mobile wallet; card-specific reward eligibility differs.\nForeign-issued card charging can be inconsistent — not a guaranteed strategy.\nComplete device transfer/recovery through Mobile Suica and the device wallet.\nRides, charging, and portability\nMobile Suica works through the app or mobile wallet with supported Japanese and many eligible cards, though card-specific reward eligibility differs. Registered Mobile Suica earns JRE POINT on eligible JR East rides at one point per ¥50 (2%), and charging with a View Card can add 1.5%, so a View-funded registered Mobile Suica stacks a nominal 3.5% on eligible travel. It also gives full transit and broad Suica merchant use. Foreign-issued card charging can be inconsistent and is not a guaranteed funding strategy, so residents often pair it with a Japanese card. Complete account recovery and device transfer through Mobile Suica and the device wallet. It is best for JR East commuters and many visitors or residents using iPhone or compatible Android.","url":"/en/points/mobile-suica-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ana-mileage-club:en","entityId":"guide:ana-mileage-club","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Mileage Club guide","plainText":"ANA miles are earned on flights, partner cards, and shopping, generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, and have no fixed cash value — value them against a fare you would actually buy, minus award taxes.\nHow ANA miles are earned, used, and valued, and why award charts change.\nEarn on ANA flights, partner credit cards, hotels/car rental, and shopping malls.\nMiles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual.\nInternational one-way awards can start from 6,000 miles depending on zone/season/class.\nANA revised domestic award rules effective May 19, 2026.\nStar Alliance; family award-user registration is available under specified rules.\nEarning and elite status\nANA Mileage Club miles are earned on ANA flights (with class-based bonuses), partner credit cards (commonly 1 mile per ¥100 on an ANA card), hotels, car rental, and shopping malls, plus transfers from partner programs. Elite status (Diamond/Platinum/Bronze) is qualified separately through premium points, which measure activity and grant priority services, lounges, and upgrades rather than being spendable. Miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, so a slowly accumulating balance needs occasional use.\nUsing and valuing miles\nMiles redeem for award flights (zone/season/class based), ANA SKY COINS, and retail. International one-way awards can start from 6,000 miles depending on zone, season, and class, but ANA revised domestic award rules effective May 19, 2026, so old charts are unsafe. No mile has a fixed cash value; a valid valuation subtracts award taxes, surcharges, and forgone benefits: (comparable cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) ÷ miles used. A ¥100,000 itinerary needing 50,000 miles and ¥20,000 of taxes yields ¥1.60 per mile. Use the fare you would really buy, not an expensive flexible fare chosen to inflate the number.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/ana-mileage-club","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-ana-expiry","faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","faq:rewards-mile-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:ana-vs-jal","guide:mile-value-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"ANA miles are earned on flights, partner cards, and shopping, generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, and have no fixed cash value — value them against a fare you would actually buy, minus award taxes.\nHow ANA miles are earned, used, and valued, and why award charts change.\nEarn on ANA flights, partner credit cards, hotels/car rental, and shopping malls.\nMiles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual.\nInternational one-way awards can start from 6,000 miles depending on zone/season/class.\nANA revised domestic award rules effective May 19, 2026.\nStar Alliance; family award-user registration is available under specified rules.\nEarning and elite status\nANA Mileage Club miles are earned on ANA flights (with class-based bonuses), partner credit cards (commonly 1 mile per ¥100 on an ANA card), hotels, car rental, and shopping malls, plus transfers from partner programs. Elite status (Diamond/Platinum/Bronze) is qualified separately through premium points, which measure activity and grant priority services, lounges, and upgrades rather than being spendable. Miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, so a slowly accumulating balance needs occasional use.\nUsing and valuing miles\nMiles redeem for award flights (zone/season/class based), ANA SKY COINS, and retail. International one-way awards can start from 6,000 miles depending on zone, season, and class, but ANA revised domestic award rules effective May 19, 2026, so old charts are unsafe. No mile has a fixed cash value; a valid valuation subtracts award taxes, surcharges, and forgone benefits: (comparable cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) ÷ miles used. A ¥100,000 itinerary needing 50,000 miles and ¥20,000 of taxes yields ¥1.60 per mile. Use the fare you would really buy, not an expensive flexible fare chosen to inflate the number.","url":"/en/points/ana-mileage-club","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:jal-mileage-bank:en","entityId":"guide:jal-mileage-bank","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Mileage Bank guide","plainText":"JAL miles are earned on flights, cards, and partners, generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, and use base award pricing plus JMB PLUS, which raises required miles when lower-priced inventory is unavailable.\nHow JAL miles are earned and used, and how JMB PLUS dynamic pricing works.\nFree JMB membership; earn miles on flights, JAL cards (~1 mile/¥100), and partners.\nMiles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual.\nDomestic awards use base pricing plus JMB PLUS when low inventory is unavailable.\nTickets issued from October 1, 2026 were subject to announced revisions.\noneworld alliance; Ponta transfers at two Ponta to one mile.\nEarning, JMB PLUS, and valuation\nJAL Mileage Bank offers free membership, and you earn miles on flights (zone-based), JAL credit cards (commonly 1 mile per ¥100), hotels, duty-free, and partners; Ponta transfers to JAL at two Ponta to one mile, and JCB Oki Doki points can convert. Miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual. Domestic awards use base pricing plus JMB PLUS, a mechanism that raises required miles above the base when lower-priced award inventory is unavailable, and tickets issued from October 1, 2026 were subject to announced revisions — so old charts are unsafe. As with ANA, value miles against a fare you would actually buy, minus award taxes and surcharges, not a fixed ¥2 assumption. Elite tiers (Crystal/Sapphire/Diamond) qualify separately and grant service benefits.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/jal-mileage-bank","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-jal-expiry","faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","faq:rewards-jal-plus"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:ana-vs-jal","guide:ponta-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"JAL miles are earned on flights, cards, and partners, generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, and use base award pricing plus JMB PLUS, which raises required miles when lower-priced inventory is unavailable.\nHow JAL miles are earned and used, and how JMB PLUS dynamic pricing works.\nFree JMB membership; earn miles on flights, JAL cards (~1 mile/¥100), and partners.\nMiles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual.\nDomestic awards use base pricing plus JMB PLUS when low inventory is unavailable.\nTickets issued from October 1, 2026 were subject to announced revisions.\noneworld alliance; Ponta transfers at two Ponta to one mile.\nEarning, JMB PLUS, and valuation\nJAL Mileage Bank offers free membership, and you earn miles on flights (zone-based), JAL credit cards (commonly 1 mile per ¥100), hotels, duty-free, and partners; Ponta transfers to JAL at two Ponta to one mile, and JCB Oki Doki points can convert. Miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual. Domestic awards use base pricing plus JMB PLUS, a mechanism that raises required miles above the base when lower-priced award inventory is unavailable, and tickets issued from October 1, 2026 were subject to announced revisions — so old charts are unsafe. As with ANA, value miles against a fare you would actually buy, minus award taxes and surcharges, not a fixed ¥2 assumption. Elite tiers (Crystal/Sapphire/Diamond) qualify separately and grant service benefits.","url":"/en/points/jal-mileage-bank","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ana-vs-jal:en","entityId":"guide:ana-vs-jal","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA vs JAL programs compared","plainText":"Both miles expire ~36 months after accrual; ANA is Star Alliance and JAL is oneworld, so the better program is the one whose routes, home airport, and partner award inventory fit your real travel — there is no universal winner.\nA side-by-side of earning, redemption, alliances, and why neither wins universally.\nBoth expire generally at the end of the 36th month after accrual.\nANA: Star Alliance; JAL: oneworld — pick by your routes and partners.\nANA introduced revised domestic award rules from May 19, 2026.\nJAL uses JMB PLUS dynamic pricing; changes for tickets from Oct 1, 2026.\nValue depends on realistic award availability, not a headline per-mile figure.\nHow they differ and how to choose\nANA and JAL are similar on the fundamentals: miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, and both offer family arrangements under specified relationships and account rules. The decisive differences are alliance and structure. ANA is Star Alliance with revised domestic award rules effective May 19, 2026; JAL is oneworld and uses base pricing plus JMB PLUS dynamic pricing, with changes for tickets issued from October 1, 2026. Co-branded cards differ too (ANA cards across networks vs JAL, often JCB-leaning).\nChoose by your real travel: the airline whose routes, home airport, and partner award inventory you can actually use. Neither is universally better, and a headline “¥2 per mile” is not a fact — value each program against the specific awards you would realistically book.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/ana-vs-jal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","faq:rewards-mile-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:mile-value-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Both miles expire ~36 months after accrual; ANA is Star Alliance and JAL is oneworld, so the better program is the one whose routes, home airport, and partner award inventory fit your real travel — there is no universal winner.\nA side-by-side of earning, redemption, alliances, and why neither wins universally.\nBoth expire generally at the end of the 36th month after accrual.\nANA: Star Alliance; JAL: oneworld — pick by your routes and partners.\nANA introduced revised domestic award rules from May 19, 2026.\nJAL uses JMB PLUS dynamic pricing; changes for tickets from Oct 1, 2026.\nValue depends on realistic award availability, not a headline per-mile figure.\nHow they differ and how to choose\nANA and JAL are similar on the fundamentals: miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, and both offer family arrangements under specified relationships and account rules. The decisive differences are alliance and structure. ANA is Star Alliance with revised domestic award rules effective May 19, 2026; JAL is oneworld and uses base pricing plus JMB PLUS dynamic pricing, with changes for tickets issued from October 1, 2026. Co-branded cards differ too (ANA cards across networks vs JAL, often JCB-leaning).\nChoose by your real travel: the airline whose routes, home airport, and partner award inventory you can actually use. Neither is universally better, and a headline “¥2 per mile” is not a fact — value each program against the specific awards you would realistically book.","url":"/en/points/ana-vs-jal","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:hotel-travel-rewards:en","entityId":"guide:hotel-travel-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Hotel loyalty and travel rewards in Japan","plainText":"International chains (Marriott Bonvoy, Hilton, IHG, Hyatt) favour transferable travel value, while domestic programs like One Harmony can be more practical for repeat Japanese stays; value points against the cash price you would actually pay, minus fees.\nInternational vs domestic hotel programs, and how to value hotel points honestly.\nMarriott Bonvoy awards ~10 base points per eligible US dollar; points expire after 24 months without activity.\nOne Harmony (Okura Nikko, Hotel JAL City) is free, offers tiers, and extends points two years after activity.\nInternational chains favour transferable travel value; domestic programs favour simple stay-count awards.\nValue hotel points against the cash price you would actually pay, minus resort fees and taxes.\nCo-branded travel cards can add 1–2% plus miles, but value perks individually.\nInternational and domestic programs\nMajor international chains active in Japan — Marriott Bonvoy, Hilton Honors, IHG One Rewards, World of Hyatt — favour transferable travel value. Marriott Bonvoy ordinarily awards ten base points per eligible US dollar at most brands (exceptions by brand), and points generally expire after 24 months without qualifying activity, so occasional activity matters, though buying an unnecessary stay merely to extend points is rarely efficient. Domestic programs can be more practical for repeat Japanese stays: One Harmony covers Okura Nikko Hotels, Hotel JAL City and related properties, is free to join, offers tier status, and generally extends points two years after qualifying activity. Prince (Seibu), APA, and Toyoko Inn also run domestic programs.\nValuing hotel points and travel cards\nInternational hotel-point valuations should account for resort fees, taxes, fifth-night benefits, breakfast or lounge access, award availability, and the cash price the traveler would actually pay. Domestic programs with simple stamp or stay-count awards may outperform transferable points for frequent low-cost stays. Travel credit cards (ANA Card, JAL Card) can add 1–2% plus miles, but value the perks — lounge access, insurance, hotel benefits, family cards — individually, and only when you will genuinely use them. As always, a nominal point is worth only what you realistically redeem it for.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/hotel-travel-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-marriott-expiry","faq:rewards-one-harmony"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:domestic-traveler-rewards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Marriott International","url":"https://www.marriott.com/loyalty.mi","official":true},{"publisher":"Okura Nikko Hotels","url":"https://www.oneharmony.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"International chains (Marriott Bonvoy, Hilton, IHG, Hyatt) favour transferable travel value, while domestic programs like One Harmony can be more practical for repeat Japanese stays; value points against the cash price you would actually pay, minus fees.\nInternational vs domestic hotel programs, and how to value hotel points honestly.\nMarriott Bonvoy awards ~10 base points per eligible US dollar; points expire after 24 months without activity.\nOne Harmony (Okura Nikko, Hotel JAL City) is free, offers tiers, and extends points two years after activity.\nInternational chains favour transferable travel value; domestic programs favour simple stay-count awards.\nValue hotel points against the cash price you would actually pay, minus resort fees and taxes.\nCo-branded travel cards can add 1–2% plus miles, but value perks individually.\nInternational and domestic programs\nMajor international chains active in Japan — Marriott Bonvoy, Hilton Honors, IHG One Rewards, World of Hyatt — favour transferable travel value. Marriott Bonvoy ordinarily awards ten base points per eligible US dollar at most brands (exceptions by brand), and points generally expire after 24 months without qualifying activity, so occasional activity matters, though buying an unnecessary stay merely to extend points is rarely efficient. Domestic programs can be more practical for repeat Japanese stays: One Harmony covers Okura Nikko Hotels, Hotel JAL City and related properties, is free to join, offers tier status, and generally extends points two years after qualifying activity. Prince (Seibu), APA, and Toyoko Inn also run domestic programs.\nValuing hotel points and travel cards\nInternational hotel-point valuations should account for resort fees, taxes, fifth-night benefits, breakfast or lounge access, award availability, and the cash price the traveler would actually pay. Domestic programs with simple stamp or stay-count awards may outperform transferable points for frequent low-cost stays. Travel credit cards (ANA Card, JAL Card) can add 1–2% plus miles, but value the perks — lounge access, insurance, hotel benefits, family cards — individually, and only when you will genuinely use them. As always, a nominal point is worth only what you realistically redeem it for.","url":"/en/points/hotel-travel-rewards","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:stacking-credit-qr-store:en","entityId":"guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Stacking: credit card + QR + store points","plainText":"Present a merchant loyalty code, then pay with a rewarding card or QR wallet, so each eligible layer earns separately; verify every layer, and never add two rates that both include the same base.\nHow to legitimately earn card, wallet, and merchant points on one purchase — and the false stacks to avoid.\nTriple-dipping = merchant point + payment-method point + eligible campaign.\nEach layer must be independently eligible for the exact payment source.\nExample: Lawson d POINT card + d払い funded by d Card, plus store points.\nDo not add a base 0.5% on top of a category rate that already includes it.\nA wallet accepting a card as funding does not prove the charge earns points.\nHow legitimate stacking works\nStacking means receiving more than one legitimate reward from the same purchase — typically a merchant point (from scanning a loyalty card or app) plus a payment-method point (from the card or QR wallet used), and sometimes an entered campaign. At Lawson you might present a d POINT card, then pay with d払い funded by an eligible d Card, and receive the merchant’s d POINT plus roughly 1% from the wallet-and-card layer. The critical rule is that each layer must be independently eligible for the exact payment source: the merchant must participate in the point layer, and other-card funding of d払い receives no ordinary d払い points.\nCommon false stacks\nSome combinations look like stacks but should not be counted without explicit current confirmation: a credit-card reward on every prepaid or QR-wallet charge; a wallet spending reward on a balance funded by an excluded card; both a seven-percent category rate and an extra base 0.5% when the seven percent already includes the base; rewards for tax, bill, e-money charge, investment, or cash-like transactions merely because the card is accepted; and an old card-to-e-money “loop” from a stale blog post. A wallet accepting a card as a funding source does not establish that the issuer awards points for the funding transaction — verify each layer on the transaction date.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/stacking-credit-qr-store","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-stacking","faq:rewards-dpoint-dbarai","faq:rewards-avoid-double-count"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ecommerce-stacking","guide:convenience-store-points","guide:reward-stacking-checker"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Payment","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Present a merchant loyalty code, then pay with a rewarding card or QR wallet, so each eligible layer earns separately; verify every layer, and never add two rates that both include the same base.\nHow to legitimately earn card, wallet, and merchant points on one purchase — and the false stacks to avoid.\nTriple-dipping = merchant point + payment-method point + eligible campaign.\nEach layer must be independently eligible for the exact payment source.\nExample: Lawson d POINT card + d払い funded by d Card, plus store points.\nDo not add a base 0.5% on top of a category rate that already includes it.\nA wallet accepting a card as funding does not prove the charge earns points.\nHow legitimate stacking works\nStacking means receiving more than one legitimate reward from the same purchase — typically a merchant point (from scanning a loyalty card or app) plus a payment-method point (from the card or QR wallet used), and sometimes an entered campaign. At Lawson you might present a d POINT card, then pay with d払い funded by an eligible d Card, and receive the merchant’s d POINT plus roughly 1% from the wallet-and-card layer. The critical rule is that each layer must be independently eligible for the exact payment source: the merchant must participate in the point layer, and other-card funding of d払い receives no ordinary d払い points.\nCommon false stacks\nSome combinations look like stacks but should not be counted without explicit current confirmation: a credit-card reward on every prepaid or QR-wallet charge; a wallet spending reward on a balance funded by an excluded card; both a seven-percent category rate and an extra base 0.5% when the seven percent already includes the base; rewards for tax, bill, e-money charge, investment, or cash-like transactions merely because the card is accepted; and an old card-to-e-money “loop” from a stale blog post. A wallet accepting a card as a funding source does not establish that the issuer awards points for the funding transaction — verify each layer on the transaction date.","url":"/en/points/stacking-credit-qr-store","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ecommerce-stacking:en","entityId":"guide:ecommerce-stacking","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"E-commerce + card + campaign stacks","plainText":"On Rakuten Ichiba you can stack base points, card-related SPU, and an entered campaign, but entry, tax-exclusive calculation, caps, and limited-time expiration differ by component — always compare the item’s final delivered price.\nHow marketplace base points, SPU, and entered campaigns combine — and why you compare the final price.\nRakuten Ichiba: base points + Rakuten Card SPU + entered campaigns (up to big multipliers).\nYahoo Shopping: PayPay Points + PayPay Card + weekly coupons.\nEntry is often required; several components are limited-time points.\nRakuten campaigns commonly calculate points after coupon reductions.\nCompare the item’s final price after coupons, shipping, and points.\nCombining marketplace layers\nMarketplace stacking combines base marketplace points, card-related SPU, and eligible temporary campaign points. On Rakuten Ichiba, the base is about 1% with a Rakuten Card, SPU adds points as you use more group services, and shopping-marathon or big campaigns can add more — but entry, tax-exclusive calculation, caps, shipment timing, and limited-time expiration differ by component, and several SPU and campaign components are limited-time points. On Yahoo Shopping, PayPay Points combine with the PayPay Card and weekly coupons. Because Rakuten campaigns commonly calculate points after coupon reductions, and caps are often low, the only reliable comparison is the item’s final delivered price after coupons, shipping, and realistically-valued points across marketplaces.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/ecommerce-stacking","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-rakuten-spu","faq:rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:ecommerce-points-programs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"On Rakuten Ichiba you can stack base points, card-related SPU, and an entered campaign, but entry, tax-exclusive calculation, caps, and limited-time expiration differ by component — always compare the item’s final delivered price.\nHow marketplace base points, SPU, and entered campaigns combine — and why you compare the final price.\nRakuten Ichiba: base points + Rakuten Card SPU + entered campaigns (up to big multipliers).\nYahoo Shopping: PayPay Points + PayPay Card + weekly coupons.\nEntry is often required; several components are limited-time points.\nRakuten campaigns commonly calculate points after coupon reductions.\nCompare the item’s final price after coupons, shipping, and points.\nCombining marketplace layers\nMarketplace stacking combines base marketplace points, card-related SPU, and eligible temporary campaign points. On Rakuten Ichiba, the base is about 1% with a Rakuten Card, SPU adds points as you use more group services, and shopping-marathon or big campaigns can add more — but entry, tax-exclusive calculation, caps, shipment timing, and limited-time expiration differ by component, and several SPU and campaign components are limited-time points. On Yahoo Shopping, PayPay Points combine with the PayPay Card and weekly coupons. Because Rakuten campaigns commonly calculate points after coupon reductions, and caps are often low, the only reliable comparison is the item’s final delivered price after coupons, shipping, and realistically-valued points across marketplaces.","url":"/en/points/ecommerce-stacking","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compare-point-ecosystems:en","entityId":"guide:compare-point-ecosystems","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten vs PayPay vs d vs Ponta vs V: ecosystem comparison","plainText":"Rakuten suits online/integrated users, PayPay suits broad in-person QR with no ordinary-point expiry, d POINT suits docomo, Ponta suits au/Lawson/JAL, and V Points suit SMBC/SBI — choose the one matching your existing services.\nHow the five largest general ecosystems differ by anchor, expiry, QR app, and best user.\nRakuten: anchor is Rakuten Ichiba/services; watch limited-time points.\nPayPay: broad QR acceptance; ordinary points do not expire.\nd POINT: straightforward docomo and d払い linkage; fixed 48-month expiry.\nPonta: au/Lawson/Recruit/JAL utility; extended by activity.\nV Points: banking, card, investment, and merchant integration.\nThe five ecosystems side by side\nThe five largest general ecosystems differ mainly by natural anchor, expiration, and QR app. Rakuten anchors on Rakuten Ichiba and services with an activity-oriented expiry (watch limited-time points), and its QR app is Rakuten Pay. PayPay anchors on PayPay and Yahoo/SoftBank with no expiry for ordinary points and the broadest QR acceptance. d POINT anchors on docomo and d払い with a fixed 48-month expiry. Ponta anchors on au, Lawson, Recruit, and JAL, extended by qualifying activity, with au PAY as the companion wallet. V Points anchor on SMBC/Olive, SBI, and a broad merchant network, extended by qualifying balance activity, with V Point Pay as a prepaid option rather than a single dominant QR app.\nWhich to choose\nMatch the ecosystem to your existing services rather than chasing the highest headline rate. Rakuten is the strongest beginner reason for heavy Rakuten customers (one-percent card plus integrated ecommerce); PayPay for broad QR and no ordinary-point expiry; d POINT for docomo customers; Ponta for au/Lawson/JAL users; V Points for SMBC/SBI users. The PayPay and V Point systems now support mutual one-to-one exchange, but the converted V balance has fixed one-year validity and the exchange has limits, so exchange to solve a real redemption need, not just to move points. Concentrating on one ecosystem beats maintaining several nearly interchangeable balances.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/compare-point-ecosystems","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-which-ecosystem","faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten","faq:rewards-paypay-vpoint"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem","guide:best-programs-by-category","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Rakuten suits online/integrated users, PayPay suits broad in-person QR with no ordinary-point expiry, d POINT suits docomo, Ponta suits au/Lawson/JAL, and V Points suit SMBC/SBI — choose the one matching your existing services.\nHow the five largest general ecosystems differ by anchor, expiry, QR app, and best user.\nRakuten: anchor is Rakuten Ichiba/services; watch limited-time points.\nPayPay: broad QR acceptance; ordinary points do not expire.\nd POINT: straightforward docomo and d払い linkage; fixed 48-month expiry.\nPonta: au/Lawson/Recruit/JAL utility; extended by activity.\nV Points: banking, card, investment, and merchant integration.\nThe five ecosystems side by side\nThe five largest general ecosystems differ mainly by natural anchor, expiration, and QR app. Rakuten anchors on Rakuten Ichiba and services with an activity-oriented expiry (watch limited-time points), and its QR app is Rakuten Pay. PayPay anchors on PayPay and Yahoo/SoftBank with no expiry for ordinary points and the broadest QR acceptance. d POINT anchors on docomo and d払い with a fixed 48-month expiry. Ponta anchors on au, Lawson, Recruit, and JAL, extended by qualifying activity, with au PAY as the companion wallet. V Points anchor on SMBC/Olive, SBI, and a broad merchant network, extended by qualifying balance activity, with V Point Pay as a prepaid option rather than a single dominant QR app.\nWhich to choose\nMatch the ecosystem to your existing services rather than chasing the highest headline rate. Rakuten is the strongest beginner reason for heavy Rakuten customers (one-percent card plus integrated ecommerce); PayPay for broad QR and no ordinary-point expiry; d POINT for docomo customers; Ponta for au/Lawson/JAL users; V Points for SMBC/SBI users. The PayPay and V Point systems now support mutual one-to-one exchange, but the converted V balance has fixed one-year validity and the exchange has limits, so exchange to solve a real redemption need, not just to move points. Concentrating on one ecosystem beats maintaining several nearly interchangeable balances.","url":"/en/points/compare-point-ecosystems","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-programs-by-category:en","entityId":"guide:best-programs-by-category","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best programs by category and persona","plainText":"Beginners: the ecosystem matching your carrier/bank; foreign residents: a free loyalty account first, then a no-fee card; convenience: SMBC NL smartphone-touch; supermarket: WAON at AEON; travel: ANA/JAL only when redemption is realistic.\nThe most defensible starting choice for beginners, foreign residents, shoppers, travelers, and investors.\nBeginner: Rakuten or PayPay, or the ecosystem attached to your mobile carrier.\nForeign resident: a free loyalty account first, then a no-fee card after building history.\nConvenience stores: SMBC NL smartphone-touch route at eligible chains.\nSupermarkets: WAON POINT at AEON; otherwise the store’s own program.\nTravel: ANA or JAL only when award redemption is realistic.\nLeading starting choice by use case\nFor a complete beginner, start with Rakuten Points, PayPay Points, or the ecosystem attached to your mobile carrier — broad utility and easy ¥1-style redemption. A foreign resident should open a free loyalty account first (membership is easier than credit underwriting), then apply for a no-fee card after establishing address, phone, and bank history. For everyday spending, a one-percent no-fee card plus the merchant point already offered keeps complexity and expiration risk low. Convenience-store shoppers get the most from the SMBC NL smartphone-touch route at eligible chains (up to 7%, method-specific). Supermarket shoppers should use WAON POINT at AEON-group stores, or the supermarket’s own program elsewhere.\nBy persona and spending level\nBy carrier: SoftBank/Y!mobile users fit PayPay; docomo users fit d POINT and d払い (consider d Card tiers only after fee analysis); au/UQ users fit Ponta and au PAY. For travel, choose ANA or JAL only when award redemption is realistic; otherwise prefer flexible points or cash-equivalent value, because miles expire and availability can constrain value. Investors should use the bank–card–brokerage combination already suitable for them (card-investment rewards are secondary to fees, fund choice, and risk). Low spenders should avoid annual fees and high-minimum airline transfers; high spenders should optimise thresholds but stop using a weaker card once its useful cap is reached.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/best-programs-by-category","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-beginner-program","faq:rewards-foreign-first-card","faq:rewards-no-fee-cards"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:compare-point-ecosystems","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category","guide:foreign-resident-rewards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Beginners: the ecosystem matching your carrier/bank; foreign residents: a free loyalty account first, then a no-fee card; convenience: SMBC NL smartphone-touch; supermarket: WAON at AEON; travel: ANA/JAL only when redemption is realistic.\nThe most defensible starting choice for beginners, foreign residents, shoppers, travelers, and investors.\nBeginner: Rakuten or PayPay, or the ecosystem attached to your mobile carrier.\nForeign resident: a free loyalty account first, then a no-fee card after building history.\nConvenience stores: SMBC NL smartphone-touch route at eligible chains.\nSupermarkets: WAON POINT at AEON; otherwise the store’s own program.\nTravel: ANA or JAL only when award redemption is realistic.\nLeading starting choice by use case\nFor a complete beginner, start with Rakuten Points, PayPay Points, or the ecosystem attached to your mobile carrier — broad utility and easy ¥1-style redemption. A foreign resident should open a free loyalty account first (membership is easier than credit underwriting), then apply for a no-fee card after establishing address, phone, and bank history. For everyday spending, a one-percent no-fee card plus the merchant point already offered keeps complexity and expiration risk low. Convenience-store shoppers get the most from the SMBC NL smartphone-touch route at eligible chains (up to 7%, method-specific). Supermarket shoppers should use WAON POINT at AEON-group stores, or the supermarket’s own program elsewhere.\nBy persona and spending level\nBy carrier: SoftBank/Y!mobile users fit PayPay; docomo users fit d POINT and d払い (consider d Card tiers only after fee analysis); au/UQ users fit Ponta and au PAY. For travel, choose ANA or JAL only when award redemption is realistic; otherwise prefer flexible points or cash-equivalent value, because miles expire and availability can constrain value. Investors should use the bank–card–brokerage combination already suitable for them (card-investment rewards are secondary to fees, fund choice, and risk). Low spenders should avoid annual fees and high-minimum airline transfers; high spenders should optimise thresholds but stop using a weaker card once its useful cap is reached.","url":"/en/points/best-programs-by-category","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-credit-cards-by-category:en","entityId":"guide:best-credit-cards-by-category","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best credit cards by category","plainText":"Best no-fee general: Rakuten/PayPay/au PAY/d Card (~1% each); best convenience specialist: SMBC NL; best young no-fee: JCB Card W; best train: a suitable View card; best premium: whichever recurring benefit exceeds its fee.\nThe most defensible cards for no-fee general use, convenience, transit, young applicants, and premium.\nBest no-fee general return: Rakuten, PayPay, au PAY, or d Card — choose by ecosystem.\nBest convenience specialist: SMBC NL (exact eligible smartphone route).\nBest first premium threshold: SMBC Gold NL when ¥1M annual spend is predictable.\nBest young no-fee: JCB Card W (apply by age 39).\nBest train: a suitable View card for frequent JR East/Mobile Suica users.\nThe most defensible shortlist per goal\nFor the best no-annual-fee general return, Rakuten Card, PayPay Card, au PAY Card, and d Card each offer an ordinary rate near one percent in their own point system, so choose by redemption ecosystem. The best selected convenience-store specialist is SMBC Numberless via the precise eligible smartphone payment route. The best first premium threshold card is SMBC Gold Numberless when ¥1,000,000 of natural eligible annual spending is predictable, and the best PayPay premium is PayPay Card Gold where the annual-spend and SoftBank benefits justify the fee. The best young-applicant no-fee card is JCB Card W (apply by age 39).\nTransit, cashback-like, and premium\nFor transit, a suitable View card wins for frequent JR East/Mobile Suica users — route and regional railway matter more than national rankings. For cashback-like simplicity, choose a one-percent card whose points are automatically or routinely used at ¥1 (these are technically point cards, not bank cashback). For airlines, pick the ANA or JAL card matching actual use and transfer plan; there is no universal winner because annual fees and award availability dominate. For premium, the best card is the one whose recurring benefit exceeds its fee without a behaviour change — value lounge count, insurance, hotel benefits, and family cards individually, and never manufacture spending to reach a threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/best-credit-cards-by-category","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent","faq:rewards-premium-card-worth"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:best-programs-by-category","guide:smbc-numberless-card","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/numberless.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/gold-numberless.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"JCB","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcbcardw.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Best no-fee general: Rakuten/PayPay/au PAY/d Card (~1% each); best convenience specialist: SMBC NL; best young no-fee: JCB Card W; best train: a suitable View card; best premium: whichever recurring benefit exceeds its fee.\nThe most defensible cards for no-fee general use, convenience, transit, young applicants, and premium.\nBest no-fee general return: Rakuten, PayPay, au PAY, or d Card — choose by ecosystem.\nBest convenience specialist: SMBC NL (exact eligible smartphone route).\nBest first premium threshold: SMBC Gold NL when ¥1M annual spend is predictable.\nBest young no-fee: JCB Card W (apply by age 39).\nBest train: a suitable View card for frequent JR East/Mobile Suica users.\nThe most defensible shortlist per goal\nFor the best no-annual-fee general return, Rakuten Card, PayPay Card, au PAY Card, and d Card each offer an ordinary rate near one percent in their own point system, so choose by redemption ecosystem. The best selected convenience-store specialist is SMBC Numberless via the precise eligible smartphone payment route. The best first premium threshold card is SMBC Gold Numberless when ¥1,000,000 of natural eligible annual spending is predictable, and the best PayPay premium is PayPay Card Gold where the annual-spend and SoftBank benefits justify the fee. The best young-applicant no-fee card is JCB Card W (apply by age 39).\nTransit, cashback-like, and premium\nFor transit, a suitable View card wins for frequent JR East/Mobile Suica users — route and regional railway matter more than national rankings. For cashback-like simplicity, choose a one-percent card whose points are automatically or routinely used at ¥1 (these are technically point cards, not bank cashback). For airlines, pick the ANA or JAL card matching actual use and transfer plan; there is no universal winner because annual fees and award availability dominate. For premium, the best card is the one whose recurring benefit exceeds its fee without a behaviour change — value lounge count, insurance, hotel benefits, and family cards individually, and never manufacture spending to reach a threshold.","url":"/en/points/best-credit-cards-by-category","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-qr-payment-apps:en","entityId":"guide:best-qr-payment-apps","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best QR-payment apps compared","plainText":"PayPay has the broadest acceptance and no ordinary-point expiry, Rakuten Pay is best for Rakuten users, d払い for docomo/d POINT, au PAY for Ponta/au, and Merpay for active Mercari users.\nPayPay, Rakuten Pay, d払い, au PAY, and Merpay by coverage, funding, and earning.\nPayPay: broadest merchant coverage; ordinary points do not expire.\nRakuten Pay: best for Rakuten users; up to 2.5% with point-card presentation.\nd払い: best for docomo/d POINT; ~1% with eligible d Card funding.\nau PAY: best for Ponta/au; withdrawal free at au Jibun Bank.\nMerpay: best for active Mercari buyers and sellers.\nHow the wallets compare\nThe five main QR wallets differ by acceptance, funding options, and earning. PayPay has the broadest merchant coverage (around ten million stores) and ordinary points that do not expire, but Step earning requires KYC and excludes point-funded portions. Rakuten Pay is best for Rakuten users and can reach up to 2.5% with eligible point-card presentation and qualifying Rakuten Cash payment. d払い is best for docomo and d POINT users, earning about 1% with eligible d Card funding, though other-card funding earns no ordinary d払い points. au PAY is best for Ponta and au users, with free withdrawal at au Jibun Bank. Merpay is best for active Mercari buyers and sellers rather than as a universal points app.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/best-qr-payment-apps","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-best-qr-app","faq:rewards-paypay-charge-points"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:paypay-app-guide","guide:rakuten-pay-guide","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Payment","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true},{"publisher":"KDDI","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Merpay","url":"https://www.merpay.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"PayPay has the broadest acceptance and no ordinary-point expiry, Rakuten Pay is best for Rakuten users, d払い for docomo/d POINT, au PAY for Ponta/au, and Merpay for active Mercari users.\nPayPay, Rakuten Pay, d払い, au PAY, and Merpay by coverage, funding, and earning.\nPayPay: broadest merchant coverage; ordinary points do not expire.\nRakuten Pay: best for Rakuten users; up to 2.5% with point-card presentation.\nd払い: best for docomo/d POINT; ~1% with eligible d Card funding.\nau PAY: best for Ponta/au; withdrawal free at au Jibun Bank.\nMerpay: best for active Mercari buyers and sellers.\nHow the wallets compare\nThe five main QR wallets differ by acceptance, funding options, and earning. PayPay has the broadest merchant coverage (around ten million stores) and ordinary points that do not expire, but Step earning requires KYC and excludes point-funded portions. Rakuten Pay is best for Rakuten users and can reach up to 2.5% with eligible point-card presentation and qualifying Rakuten Cash payment. d払い is best for docomo and d POINT users, earning about 1% with eligible d Card funding, though other-card funding earns no ordinary d払い points. au PAY is best for Ponta and au users, with free withdrawal at au Jibun Bank. Merpay is best for active Mercari buyers and sellers rather than as a universal points app.","url":"/en/points/best-qr-payment-apps","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:points-cashback-calculator:en","entityId":"guide:points-cashback-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Points vs cashback calculator and comparison","plainText":"Value a point option at points × probability of redemption × realistic value; a 10,000-point award redeemed 80% of the time at ¥0.80 is worth ¥6,400, not ¥10,000.\nA method for comparing point and cashback returns using realistic redemption probability.\nAnnual points value = spend × point rate × point value.\nAnnual cashback value = spend × cashback rate.\nPoint option value = points × probability of redemption × realistic value.\nPoints can outperform via bonuses/travel but carry expiry and devaluation.\nCashback is simpler and more certain.\nThe formulas and a worked example\nTo compare, compute annual points value as spend × point rate × point value, and annual cashback value as spend × cashback rate. At ¥200,000/month and 1% both nominally return ¥24,000/year — but the point option must be discounted for redemption reality. Value a point option at points × probability of redemption × realistic value: a 10,000-point award with an 80% probability of redemption at ¥0.80 per point has an expected value of ¥6,400, not ¥10,000. Points can outperform cash through merchant bonuses or high-value travel redemption, but they carry expiration, devaluation, and restricted use; cashback is simpler and more certain. Many residents run both — a cashback-like card plus one point ecosystem.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/points-cashback-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback","faq:rewards-point-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","guide:annual-fee-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Value a point option at points × probability of redemption × realistic value; a 10,000-point award redeemed 80% of the time at ¥0.80 is worth ¥6,400, not ¥10,000.\nA method for comparing point and cashback returns using realistic redemption probability.\nAnnual points value = spend × point rate × point value.\nAnnual cashback value = spend × cashback rate.\nPoint option value = points × probability of redemption × realistic value.\nPoints can outperform via bonuses/travel but carry expiry and devaluation.\nCashback is simpler and more certain.\nThe formulas and a worked example\nTo compare, compute annual points value as spend × point rate × point value, and annual cashback value as spend × cashback rate. At ¥200,000/month and 1% both nominally return ¥24,000/year — but the point option must be discounted for redemption reality. Value a point option at points × probability of redemption × realistic value: a 10,000-point award with an 80% probability of redemption at ¥0.80 per point has an expected value of ¥6,400, not ¥10,000. Points can outperform cash through merchant bonuses or high-value travel redemption, but they carry expiration, devaluation, and restricted use; cashback is simpler and more certain. Many residents run both — a cashback-like card plus one point ecosystem.","url":"/en/points/points-cashback-calculator","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:annual-fee-calculator:en","entityId":"guide:annual-fee-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Annual-fee break-even and decision tools","plainText":"Break-even spending = (annual fee − fixed benefits actually used) ÷ premium incremental rate; do not count lounges at retail price unless you would otherwise pay it.\nHow to compute break-even spending for a paid card, and the other reward calculators.\nBreak-even spending = (annual fee − fixed benefits used) ÷ premium incremental rate.\nA credit-card reward calculator applies the category rate only up to the cap.\nDo not value lounges at walk-in price unless you would pay it.\nExpected expiration loss (e.g. 2% of earned points) belongs in the net figure.\nRewards are a secondary tie-breaker, never the primary reason for a product.\nBreak-even and the reward calculator\nA paid card is worth its fee only when incremental rewards and used benefits exceed it. Break-even spending = (annual fee − fixed benefits actually used) ÷ premium incremental rate. Do not count airport lounges at their retail walk-in price unless you would otherwise pay that amount, and do not manufacture spending to reach a threshold. A full credit-card reward calculator takes annual general spending, category spending, base rate, category rate and cap, annual threshold bonus, annual fee, redemption value, expected expiration loss, and excluded transactions, then outputs gross and net reward — applying the category rate only to the smaller of category spending and the cap. Net annual reward = base rewards + bonuses − fees − expiration losses − extra costs.\nOther calculators and the time cost\nRelated tools use the same discipline. The mile-value calculator divides (comparable cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) by miles used. The QR-payment funding optimizer sums charge reward + wallet-spend reward + merchant reward − fees, marking any component zero unless official terms confirm it. The point-expiration tracker sets alerts at 90, 30, and 7 days. Above all, apply a personal hourly value to tracking time: net optimization benefit = extra rewards − fees − (hours × value of time). An extra ¥6,000 per year needing two hours a month is worth only about ¥250 per hour before error and overspending risk.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/annual-fee-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-break-even","faq:rewards-premium-card-worth"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:points-cashback-calculator","guide:mile-value-calculator","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Break-even spending = (annual fee − fixed benefits actually used) ÷ premium incremental rate; do not count lounges at retail price unless you would otherwise pay it.\nHow to compute break-even spending for a paid card, and the other reward calculators.\nBreak-even spending = (annual fee − fixed benefits used) ÷ premium incremental rate.\nA credit-card reward calculator applies the category rate only up to the cap.\nDo not value lounges at walk-in price unless you would pay it.\nExpected expiration loss (e.g. 2% of earned points) belongs in the net figure.\nRewards are a secondary tie-breaker, never the primary reason for a product.\nBreak-even and the reward calculator\nA paid card is worth its fee only when incremental rewards and used benefits exceed it. Break-even spending = (annual fee − fixed benefits actually used) ÷ premium incremental rate. Do not count airport lounges at their retail walk-in price unless you would otherwise pay that amount, and do not manufacture spending to reach a threshold. A full credit-card reward calculator takes annual general spending, category spending, base rate, category rate and cap, annual threshold bonus, annual fee, redemption value, expected expiration loss, and excluded transactions, then outputs gross and net reward — applying the category rate only to the smaller of category spending and the cap. Net annual reward = base rewards + bonuses − fees − expiration losses − extra costs.\nOther calculators and the time cost\nRelated tools use the same discipline. The mile-value calculator divides (comparable cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) by miles used. The QR-payment funding optimizer sums charge reward + wallet-spend reward + merchant reward − fees, marking any component zero unless official terms confirm it. The point-expiration tracker sets alerts at 90, 30, and 7 days. Above all, apply a personal hourly value to tracking time: net optimization benefit = extra rewards − fees − (hours × value of time). An extra ¥6,000 per year needing two hours a month is worth only about ¥250 per hour before error and overspending risk.","url":"/en/points/annual-fee-calculator","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mile-value-calculator:en","entityId":"guide:mile-value-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Airline-mile value calculator","plainText":"Mile value = (comparable cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) ÷ miles used; use the fare you would really buy, and remember taxes and surcharges remain on award tickets.\nHow to compute the real per-mile value of an award, net of taxes and forgone benefits.\nMile value = (cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) ÷ miles used.\nUse the fare you would actually buy, not an inflated flexible fare.\nTaxes, airport charges, and fuel surcharges remain on award tickets.\nA ¥100,000 fare needing 50,000 miles + ¥20,000 taxes = ¥1.60/mile.\nCompare against cash or statement-credit redemption before transferring.\nComputing real mile value\nNo mile has a fixed cash value. To value one, divide (comparable cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) by miles used. A ¥100,000 cash itinerary requiring 50,000 miles and ¥20,000 of award taxes yields (100,000 − 20,000) ÷ 50,000 = ¥1.60 per mile. Crucially, the “comparable cash fare” should be the fare you would really buy, not an expensive flexible fare chosen to inflate the number, and taxes, airport charges, and fuel surcharges do not disappear on award tickets. Inputs should also include positioning travel, change/cancellation risk, points transferred, transfer ratio, and miles likely to expire. Show value per redeemed mile, value per original credit-card point, value after any transfer bonus, and the comparison with cash or statement-credit redemption — then transfer only if the award genuinely beats those alternatives.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/mile-value-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-mile-value","faq:rewards-transfer-miles"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:redeem-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Mile value = (comparable cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) ÷ miles used; use the fare you would really buy, and remember taxes and surcharges remain on award tickets.\nHow to compute the real per-mile value of an award, net of taxes and forgone benefits.\nMile value = (cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) ÷ miles used.\nUse the fare you would actually buy, not an inflated flexible fare.\nTaxes, airport charges, and fuel surcharges remain on award tickets.\nA ¥100,000 fare needing 50,000 miles + ¥20,000 taxes = ¥1.60/mile.\nCompare against cash or statement-credit redemption before transferring.\nComputing real mile value\nNo mile has a fixed cash value. To value one, divide (comparable cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) by miles used. A ¥100,000 cash itinerary requiring 50,000 miles and ¥20,000 of award taxes yields (100,000 − 20,000) ÷ 50,000 = ¥1.60 per mile. Crucially, the “comparable cash fare” should be the fare you would really buy, not an expensive flexible fare chosen to inflate the number, and taxes, airport charges, and fuel surcharges do not disappear on award tickets. Inputs should also include positioning travel, change/cancellation risk, points transferred, transfer ratio, and miles likely to expire. Show value per redeemed mile, value per original credit-card point, value after any transfer bonus, and the comparison with cash or statement-credit redemption — then transfer only if the award genuinely beats those alternatives.","url":"/en/points/mile-value-calculator","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:reward-stacking-checker:en","entityId":"guide:reward-stacking-checker","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Reward-stacking checker and campaign checklist","plainText":"For each layer, confirm merchant eligibility, the exact funding source, the exact contactless rail, campaign entry, remaining cap, coupon rules, refund risk, and expiration — and reject any stack where two rates both include the same base.\nA layer-by-layer validation method that rejects false stacks and tracks campaign eligibility.\nMerchant: does the store award points with this payment method?\nFunding/rail: is the exact source and contactless rail eligible?\nCampaign: was entry completed before the deadline? Is cap remaining?\nCoupon/refund: does it reduce eligible spend or reverse the bonus?\nReject a stack when two rates both include the same base reward.\nThe layer-by-layer checker\nFor every stack, validate each layer before counting it. Merchant membership: does the store award points with this payment method? Card or wallet: is the exact funding source eligible? Category bonus: does the exact contactless rail qualify (network touch vs iD vs QUICPay)? Campaign: was entry completed before the relevant deadline? Cap: is monthly or campaign capacity remaining? Coupon: does it prohibit another discount or reduce eligible spend? Refund: will a partial return reverse the whole bonus? Expiration: will the bonus remain usable long enough? The checker must reject a stack when two rates both include the same base reward — for example, adding a base 0.5% on top of SMBC’s seven-percent route, which already includes it.\nCampaign eligibility checklist\nFor campaigns, record the official campaign page, entry timestamp, application window, spending window, eligible merchant, minimum amount, transaction count, excluded payment sources, coupon requirement, cap, award date, point type, and expiration. In Japan, completing the spending requirement without first entering the campaign can produce no bonus, and campaigns frequently issue limited-time or limited-use balances rather than ordinary points. Lottery campaigns are worth their expected value (using winning probability), not the top prize. Screenshots are useful for personal recordkeeping, but the current official terms govern, and operators can exclude or claw back abuse.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/reward-stacking-checker","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-avoid-double-count","faq:rewards-campaign-entry","faq:rewards-campaign-not-track"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:ecommerce-stacking"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"For each layer, confirm merchant eligibility, the exact funding source, the exact contactless rail, campaign entry, remaining cap, coupon rules, refund risk, and expiration — and reject any stack where two rates both include the same base.\nA layer-by-layer validation method that rejects false stacks and tracks campaign eligibility.\nMerchant: does the store award points with this payment method?\nFunding/rail: is the exact source and contactless rail eligible?\nCampaign: was entry completed before the deadline? Is cap remaining?\nCoupon/refund: does it reduce eligible spend or reverse the bonus?\nReject a stack when two rates both include the same base reward.\nThe layer-by-layer checker\nFor every stack, validate each layer before counting it. Merchant membership: does the store award points with this payment method? Card or wallet: is the exact funding source eligible? Category bonus: does the exact contactless rail qualify (network touch vs iD vs QUICPay)? Campaign: was entry completed before the relevant deadline? Cap: is monthly or campaign capacity remaining? Coupon: does it prohibit another discount or reduce eligible spend? Refund: will a partial return reverse the whole bonus? Expiration: will the bonus remain usable long enough? The checker must reject a stack when two rates both include the same base reward — for example, adding a base 0.5% on top of SMBC’s seven-percent route, which already includes it.\nCampaign eligibility checklist\nFor campaigns, record the official campaign page, entry timestamp, application window, spending window, eligible merchant, minimum amount, transaction count, excluded payment sources, coupon requirement, cap, award date, point type, and expiration. In Japan, completing the spending requirement without first entering the campaign can produce no bonus, and campaigns frequently issue limited-time or limited-use balances rather than ordinary points. Lottery campaigns are worth their expected value (using winning probability), not the top prize. Screenshots are useful for personal recordkeeping, but the current official terms govern, and operators can exclude or claw back abuse.","url":"/en/points/reward-stacking-checker","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-resident-rewards:en","entityId":"guide:foreign-resident-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rewards strategy for foreign residents","plainText":"Start with free loyalty accounts and a cash/prepaid wallet while building address, phone, and bank history; then apply for one no-fee card (Rakuten or Epos are commonly accessible), one application at a time.\nHow newcomers should sequence loyalty accounts, wallets, and their first card.\nLoyalty membership is easier than credit underwriting — join free accounts first.\nCards generally require Japanese residence, address, phone, and a bank account.\nLikely accessible first cards: Rakuten Card, Epos Card.\nPayPay, d POINT, and Lawson Ponta are approachable for newcomers.\nApply for one card at a time; do not open many products at once.\nSequencing accounts and the first card\nForeign residents face two hurdles: needing Japanese ID, address, phone, and often a bank account, and starting with no domestic credit history. The sequence that works is to join free merchant point programs first (loyalty membership is easier than credit underwriting) and use a debit, prepaid, or cash-funded wallet while building domestic financial history. PayPay accepts app sign-up and is widely accepted; d POINT allows non-docomo accounts; Lawson Ponta is easy to join without a docomo contract; WAON is easy to use at AEON. Avoid programs that require heavy Japanese if you cannot navigate them yet.\nApplying for your first card\nWhen you apply, do it selectively and one at a time. Japanese card approval generally requires residence, a domestic address, a reachable phone, a bank account, and underwriting, and applications and support are often Japanese-first even when the network provides some English. Commonly accessible first cards are the Rakuten Card (partial English information) and the Epos Card (easy to get, often cited as accessible for building history). Consistency matters: keep your name spelling, order, and katakana identical across your residence card, bank, and applications, because mismatches commonly cause verification failures.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/foreign-resident-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-foreign-join","faq:rewards-foreign-first-card","faq:rewards-foreign-card-tourist"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:epos-card","guide:best-programs-by-category","guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Marui / Epos","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Start with free loyalty accounts and a cash/prepaid wallet while building address, phone, and bank history; then apply for one no-fee card (Rakuten or Epos are commonly accessible), one application at a time.\nHow newcomers should sequence loyalty accounts, wallets, and their first card.\nLoyalty membership is easier than credit underwriting — join free accounts first.\nCards generally require Japanese residence, address, phone, and a bank account.\nLikely accessible first cards: Rakuten Card, Epos Card.\nPayPay, d POINT, and Lawson Ponta are approachable for newcomers.\nApply for one card at a time; do not open many products at once.\nSequencing accounts and the first card\nForeign residents face two hurdles: needing Japanese ID, address, phone, and often a bank account, and starting with no domestic credit history. The sequence that works is to join free merchant point programs first (loyalty membership is easier than credit underwriting) and use a debit, prepaid, or cash-funded wallet while building domestic financial history. PayPay accepts app sign-up and is widely accepted; d POINT allows non-docomo accounts; Lawson Ponta is easy to join without a docomo contract; WAON is easy to use at AEON. Avoid programs that require heavy Japanese if you cannot navigate them yet.\nApplying for your first card\nWhen you apply, do it selectively and one at a time. Japanese card approval generally requires residence, a domestic address, a reachable phone, a bank account, and underwriting, and applications and support are often Japanese-first even when the network provides some English. Commonly accessible first cards are the Rakuten Card (partial English information) and the Epos Card (easy to get, often cited as accessible for building history). Consistency matters: keep your name spelling, order, and katakana identical across your residence card, bank, and applications, because mismatches commonly cause verification failures.","url":"/en/points/foreign-resident-rewards","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:train-commuter-rewards:en","entityId":"guide:train-commuter-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Train commuter rewards strategy","plainText":"Register Mobile Suica with JRE POINT and charge it with a View card to stack a nominal 3.5% on eligible JR East rides, then present your JRE POINT card at station stores — route and railway matter more than national rankings.\nHow daily riders combine Mobile Suica, a View card, and station-building points.\nRegister Mobile Suica to JRE POINT; unregistered rides earn nothing.\nView charging (1.5%) + eligible Mobile Suica ride points (2%) ≈ 3.5% stack.\nPresent the JRE POINT card at station stores for merchant points.\nNot every Suica transaction is a qualifying JR East ride.\nRoute and regional railway matter more than national rankings.\nThe commuter stack\nFor a JR East commuter, the core setup is to register Mobile Suica with a JRE POINT account and charge it with a View card. Eligible Mobile Suica JR East rides earn two percent JRE POINT (one point per ¥50), and View charging earns 1.5%, creating a nominal 3.5% stack on the same eligible travel funding cycle. Register the Suica before travelling, because unregistered rides and cash do not earn ride points. Be aware that not every Suica transaction is a qualifying JR East ride — nonqualifying rail operators, unregistered Suica, and some pass products follow different rates.\nStation shopping and other regions\nPresent your JRE POINT card or app at station stores (kiosks, station buildings, shopping malls) to add merchant points on top of payment rewards; JRE Card and eligible View products can earn more at designated station-building stores, though merchant designation and the September 1, 2026 changes must be checked. For other regions the logic is the same but the program differs: JR West uses WESTER, ICOCA, and a J-WEST relationship; JR Kyushu uses JR Kyupo; private railways use their own cards with PASMO/manaca/PiTaPa. Route and regional railway matter more than national rankings, so evaluate by your actual commute.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/train-commuter-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-suica-register","faq:rewards-view-card-worth","faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:jre-point-guide","guide:view-card-standard","guide:mobile-suica-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR West","url":"https://www.jr-odekake.net/wester/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Register Mobile Suica with JRE POINT and charge it with a View card to stack a nominal 3.5% on eligible JR East rides, then present your JRE POINT card at station stores — route and railway matter more than national rankings.\nHow daily riders combine Mobile Suica, a View card, and station-building points.\nRegister Mobile Suica to JRE POINT; unregistered rides earn nothing.\nView charging (1.5%) + eligible Mobile Suica ride points (2%) ≈ 3.5% stack.\nPresent the JRE POINT card at station stores for merchant points.\nNot every Suica transaction is a qualifying JR East ride.\nRoute and regional railway matter more than national rankings.\nThe commuter stack\nFor a JR East commuter, the core setup is to register Mobile Suica with a JRE POINT account and charge it with a View card. Eligible Mobile Suica JR East rides earn two percent JRE POINT (one point per ¥50), and View charging earns 1.5%, creating a nominal 3.5% stack on the same eligible travel funding cycle. Register the Suica before travelling, because unregistered rides and cash do not earn ride points. Be aware that not every Suica transaction is a qualifying JR East ride — nonqualifying rail operators, unregistered Suica, and some pass products follow different rates.\nStation shopping and other regions\nPresent your JRE POINT card or app at station stores (kiosks, station buildings, shopping malls) to add merchant points on top of payment rewards; JRE Card and eligible View products can earn more at designated station-building stores, though merchant designation and the September 1, 2026 changes must be checked. For other regions the logic is the same but the program differs: JR West uses WESTER, ICOCA, and a J-WEST relationship; JR Kyushu uses JR Kyupo; private railways use their own cards with PASMO/manaca/PiTaPa. Route and regional railway matter more than national rankings, so evaluate by your actual commute.","url":"/en/points/train-commuter-rewards","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:convenience-shopper-rewards:en","entityId":"guide:convenience-shopper-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Convenience-store shopper strategy","plainText":"Carry the relevant point card (nanaco, d POINT/Ponta), pay by QR or the SMBC NL smartphone-touch route where eligible, and always scan the store membership before paying — the PayPay ecosystem suits konbini broadly.\nHow regular konbini shoppers combine store cards, QR wallets, and the SMBC 7% route.\n7-Eleven: nanaco; Lawson: d POINT/Ponta; FamilyMart: V Points/FamiPay; Ministop: WAON.\nScan the store membership, apply coupons, then pay with the best eligible route.\nSMBC NL smartphone-touch can reach 7% at eligible chains (method-specific).\nPayPay is broadly accepted and suits konbini spending.\nCard rewards are usually calculated on the amount after a coupon discount.\nThe konbini routine\nKey stores anchor different programs: 7-Eleven (nanaco), Lawson (d POINT or Ponta), FamilyMart (V Points or FamiPay), and Ministop (WAON). The efficient routine is to scan the relevant point card or app, apply any store-app coupon, then pay with the best eligible route — a rewarding card or QR wallet. Where you use SMBC’s selected-store smartphone-touch route at eligible chains, the reward can reach seven percent, but only via the exact eligible smartphone contactless path (physical-card touch and iD are excluded), and you must not add a separate base 0.5% because seven percent already includes it. Card rewards are normally calculated on the amount after any coupon discount.\nBest overall ecosystem for konbini\nFor someone who mainly wants simplicity, the PayPay ecosystem suits convenience-store spending because it is broadly accepted and its ordinary points do not expire — pairing it with the PayPay Card can add a card layer. If you shop most at a single chain, the store’s own program (nanaco at 7-Eleven, or d POINT/Ponta at Lawson) plus a matching payment method is the cleaner setup. The overriding rule is unchanged: convenience purchases are small and frequent, so a modest reward is fine, but never let a campaign push you to buy things you would not otherwise buy.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/convenience-shopper-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-seven-eleven-best","faq:rewards-lawson-best","faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:convenience-store-points","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:smbc-numberless-card"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Carry the relevant point card (nanaco, d POINT/Ponta), pay by QR or the SMBC NL smartphone-touch route where eligible, and always scan the store membership before paying — the PayPay ecosystem suits konbini broadly.\nHow regular konbini shoppers combine store cards, QR wallets, and the SMBC 7% route.\n7-Eleven: nanaco; Lawson: d POINT/Ponta; FamilyMart: V Points/FamiPay; Ministop: WAON.\nScan the store membership, apply coupons, then pay with the best eligible route.\nSMBC NL smartphone-touch can reach 7% at eligible chains (method-specific).\nPayPay is broadly accepted and suits konbini spending.\nCard rewards are usually calculated on the amount after a coupon discount.\nThe konbini routine\nKey stores anchor different programs: 7-Eleven (nanaco), Lawson (d POINT or Ponta), FamilyMart (V Points or FamiPay), and Ministop (WAON). The efficient routine is to scan the relevant point card or app, apply any store-app coupon, then pay with the best eligible route — a rewarding card or QR wallet. Where you use SMBC’s selected-store smartphone-touch route at eligible chains, the reward can reach seven percent, but only via the exact eligible smartphone contactless path (physical-card touch and iD are excluded), and you must not add a separate base 0.5% because seven percent already includes it. Card rewards are normally calculated on the amount after any coupon discount.\nBest overall ecosystem for konbini\nFor someone who mainly wants simplicity, the PayPay ecosystem suits convenience-store spending because it is broadly accepted and its ordinary points do not expire — pairing it with the PayPay Card can add a card layer. If you shop most at a single chain, the store’s own program (nanaco at 7-Eleven, or d POINT/Ponta at Lawson) plus a matching payment method is the cleaner setup. The overriding rule is unchanged: convenience purchases are small and frequent, so a modest reward is fine, but never let a campaign push you to buy things you would not otherwise buy.","url":"/en/points/convenience-shopper-rewards","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:family-rewards:en","entityId":"guide:family-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Family and household rewards strategy","plainText":"Concentrate on one grocery ecosystem (often WAON at AEON) plus one household expense card, use family/supplementary cards where useful, and keep a shared expiration calendar.\nHow a household concentrates grocery and utility spending and shares an expiration calendar.\nConcentrate grocery spending in one ecosystem (WAON at AEON is a common fit).\nUse one household expense card for utilities and recurring bills.\nFamily/supplementary cards can pool spending toward thresholds — check terms.\nKeep a shared expiration calendar to avoid losing limited-time points.\nHigh grocery and utility concentration produces most of the household reward.\nConcentrate and share\nA household earns most of its rewards from a few large, recurring categories — groceries and utilities — so the winning setup is to concentrate grocery spending in one ecosystem (WAON POINT at AEON-group stores is a common fit given store member days) and route utilities and recurring bills through one household expense card. Family or supplementary cards can pool spending toward annual thresholds, but only the specific product terms determine whether family-card purchases count, so verify before assuming aggregation. Keep a single shared expiration calendar and do one monthly review, because limited-time points scattered across family members are the easiest value to lose.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/family-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-family-pooling","faq:rewards-supermarket-best"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:supermarket-points","guide:waon-point-guide","guide:best-programs-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/ct/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Concentrate on one grocery ecosystem (often WAON at AEON) plus one household expense card, use family/supplementary cards where useful, and keep a shared expiration calendar.\nHow a household concentrates grocery and utility spending and shares an expiration calendar.\nConcentrate grocery spending in one ecosystem (WAON at AEON is a common fit).\nUse one household expense card for utilities and recurring bills.\nFamily/supplementary cards can pool spending toward thresholds — check terms.\nKeep a shared expiration calendar to avoid losing limited-time points.\nHigh grocery and utility concentration produces most of the household reward.\nConcentrate and share\nA household earns most of its rewards from a few large, recurring categories — groceries and utilities — so the winning setup is to concentrate grocery spending in one ecosystem (WAON POINT at AEON-group stores is a common fit given store member days) and route utilities and recurring bills through one household expense card. Family or supplementary cards can pool spending toward annual thresholds, but only the specific product terms determine whether family-card purchases count, so verify before assuming aggregation. Keep a single shared expiration calendar and do one monthly review, because limited-time points scattered across family members are the easiest value to lose.","url":"/en/points/family-rewards","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:domestic-traveler-rewards:en","entityId":"guide:domestic-traveler-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Domestic traveler rewards strategy","plainText":"Use the railway ecosystem for your region plus flexible hotel discounts, and earn airline miles only for routes you actually fly — miles expire and award availability constrains value.\nHow frequent domestic travelers combine railway ecosystems, hotel discounts, and selective miles.\nUse the railway ecosystem that fits your region (JRE POINT, WESTER, etc.).\nPrefer flexible hotel discounts and simple stay-count programs for frequent stays.\nEarn airline miles only for routes you actually fly.\nValue hotel points and miles against the cash price you would actually pay.\nA domestic travel card can add ~1% plus miles — value the fee against real use.\nRail, hotels, and selective miles\nA frequent domestic traveler’s base is the railway ecosystem for their region — JRE POINT and Mobile Suica in the east, WESTER and ICOCA in Kansai, JR Kyupo in Kyushu — layered with an appropriate View or J-WEST product where the commuting or travel rewards exceed the fee. For lodging, flexible hotel discounts and simple domestic stay-count programs (One Harmony, Prince, APA, Toyoko Inn) often outperform transferable points for frequent low-cost stays. Earn airline miles only for routes you actually fly, because miles expire (~36 months) and award availability can constrain value. A domestic travel card can add about 1% plus miles, but value its fee against real use rather than headline perks.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/domestic-traveler-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-one-harmony","faq:rewards-mile-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:hotel-travel-rewards","guide:train-commuter-rewards","guide:ana-vs-jal"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR West","url":"https://www.jr-odekake.net/wester/","official":true},{"publisher":"Okura Nikko Hotels","url":"https://www.oneharmony.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Use the railway ecosystem for your region plus flexible hotel discounts, and earn airline miles only for routes you actually fly — miles expire and award availability constrains value.\nHow frequent domestic travelers combine railway ecosystems, hotel discounts, and selective miles.\nUse the railway ecosystem that fits your region (JRE POINT, WESTER, etc.).\nPrefer flexible hotel discounts and simple stay-count programs for frequent stays.\nEarn airline miles only for routes you actually fly.\nValue hotel points and miles against the cash price you would actually pay.\nA domestic travel card can add ~1% plus miles — value the fee against real use.\nRail, hotels, and selective miles\nA frequent domestic traveler’s base is the railway ecosystem for their region — JRE POINT and Mobile Suica in the east, WESTER and ICOCA in Kansai, JR Kyupo in Kyushu — layered with an appropriate View or J-WEST product where the commuting or travel rewards exceed the fee. For lodging, flexible hotel discounts and simple domestic stay-count programs (One Harmony, Prince, APA, Toyoko Inn) often outperform transferable points for frequent low-cost stays. Earn airline miles only for routes you actually fly, because miles expire (~36 months) and award availability can constrain value. A domestic travel card can add about 1% plus miles, but value its fee against real use rather than headline perks.","url":"/en/points/domestic-traveler-rewards","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rewards-glossary-sources-archive:en","entityId":"guide:rewards-glossary-sources-archive","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rewards glossary, sources, and outdated-strategy archive","plainText":"This hub defines core terms, explains why every claim cites official first-party sources with a verification date, and lists strategies that expired in 2025–2026 (Furusato Nozei points, PayPay Step without KYC, and more).\nKey terms, the official-source approach, and superseded strategies you should stop using.\nBase rate vs effective rate; ordinary vs limited-time vs limited-use points.\nStacking vs double counting; campaign entry vs automatic enrollment.\nEvery factual claim cites an official source with a verification date.\nFurusato Nozei portal points were removed from October 1, 2025.\nPayPay Step requires KYC and excludes point-funded portions since June 2, 2026.\nCore terms and the source approach\nA few terms recur throughout this cluster. Base rate is the ordinary return before campaigns; effective rate is what you actually receive after caps, fees, exclusions, rounding, and realistic redemption. Ordinary points follow standard rules; limited-time points have a fixed deadline; limited-use points are restricted to specified uses. Stacking is receiving more than one legitimate reward on one purchase; double counting is incorrectly adding rates that include the same base. Because this is money-you-touch content, every factual rate, fee, expiry, and eligibility claim cites an official first-party source (issuer, program, airline, or the National Tax Agency) with a verification date — a search snippet is never evidence, and uncertain values are shown as unknown rather than guessed.\nSuperseded and unsafe strategies\nSeveral once-common strategies are now expired or unsafe. Furusato Nozei portal points, SPU, and shopping-marathon bonuses were removed from October 1, 2025, though ordinary card-payment points may remain. PayPay Step no longer works without identity verification (June 2, 2026), and the portion paid with PayPay Points is excluded from Step rewards. PayPay Gold’s old extra base-rate bonus was superseded on June 2, 2026 by a one-percent basic rate and annual-spend benefit. Rakuten Pay’s announced March 1, 2026 change was postponed, not implemented. From September 1, 2026 the d Card-funded d払い bonus becomes limited-use points, and JRE Card station benefits change. Physical-card touch, smartphone touch, and iD are not interchangeable for SMBC’s selected-store seven-percent route. Airline award charts changed in 2026 for both ANA and JAL. Never repeat an expired card-to-e-money “loop” from an old blog post.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/rewards-glossary-sources-archive","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-furusato-points","faq:rewards-paypay-points-step","faq:rewards-sources"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://event.rakuten.co.jp/furusato/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/law/shitsugi/shotoku/02/37.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"This hub defines core terms, explains why every claim cites official first-party sources with a verification date, and lists strategies that expired in 2025–2026 (Furusato Nozei points, PayPay Step without KYC, and more).\nKey terms, the official-source approach, and superseded strategies you should stop using.\nBase rate vs effective rate; ordinary vs limited-time vs limited-use points.\nStacking vs double counting; campaign entry vs automatic enrollment.\nEvery factual claim cites an official source with a verification date.\nFurusato Nozei portal points were removed from October 1, 2025.\nPayPay Step requires KYC and excludes point-funded portions since June 2, 2026.\nCore terms and the source approach\nA few terms recur throughout this cluster. Base rate is the ordinary return before campaigns; effective rate is what you actually receive after caps, fees, exclusions, rounding, and realistic redemption. Ordinary points follow standard rules; limited-time points have a fixed deadline; limited-use points are restricted to specified uses. Stacking is receiving more than one legitimate reward on one purchase; double counting is incorrectly adding rates that include the same base. Because this is money-you-touch content, every factual rate, fee, expiry, and eligibility claim cites an official first-party source (issuer, program, airline, or the National Tax Agency) with a verification date — a search snippet is never evidence, and uncertain values are shown as unknown rather than guessed.\nSuperseded and unsafe strategies\nSeveral once-common strategies are now expired or unsafe. Furusato Nozei portal points, SPU, and shopping-marathon bonuses were removed from October 1, 2025, though ordinary card-payment points may remain. PayPay Step no longer works without identity verification (June 2, 2026), and the portion paid with PayPay Points is excluded from Step rewards. PayPay Gold’s old extra base-rate bonus was superseded on June 2, 2026 by a one-percent basic rate and annual-spend benefit. Rakuten Pay’s announced March 1, 2026 change was postponed, not implemented. From September 1, 2026 the d Card-funded d払い bonus becomes limited-use points, and JRE Card station benefits change. Physical-card touch, smartphone touch, and iD are not interchangeable for SMBC’s selected-store seven-percent route. Airline award charts changed in 2026 for both ANA and JAL. Never repeat an expired card-to-e-money “loop” from an old blog post.","url":"/en/points/rewards-glossary-sources-archive","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:points-deals-and-campaigns:en","entityId":"guide:points-deals-and-campaigns","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Points deals & campaigns in Japan: find the real value","plainText":"Most Japanese campaigns pay in limited-time points with caps and short expiry; a deal is only worth it when the real, redeemable value exceeds the effort and any extra spend it triggers.\nHow Japanese point campaigns work, how to judge whether a deal is actually worth it, and how to avoid campaigns that cost more attention than they return.\nCampaign rewards are usually limited-time points with a cap and a short expiry window.\nA “+10%” offer is only worth 10% on the eligible portion up to its cap — read the ceiling.\nEntry is often required (tap “entry/エントリー” before spending) or the bonus does not count.\nValue limited-time points at what you will realistically spend before they expire.\nEcosystem mega-sales (Rakuten SPU, PayPay Step) reward concentration, not scattered chasing.\nHow Japanese point campaigns actually work\nAlmost every large campaign in Japan pays in limited-time points (期間限定ポイント) rather than ordinary points. Limited-time points typically expire within weeks to a few months and can sometimes be spent only inside a narrow set of services, so a headline number rarely equals its cash value. Rakuten’s SPU (Super Point Up) and PayPay Step are the two clearest examples: both raise your effective rate the more of the ecosystem you use, and both cap the bonus per month and per category.\nMany campaigns also require an explicit “entry” tap before you spend — miss the entry and the bonus simply does not accrue, even if you met every other condition. Always read three things before you decide a deal is good: the eligible spend, the monthly cap on bonus points, and the expiry date of the points you will receive.\nA simple test for whether a deal is worth it\nCompute the realistic redeemable value, not the advertised maximum. Multiply the bonus rate by the amount you would have spent anyway, cap it at the stated ceiling, then discount for the share you will not manage to redeem before expiry. If that number beats the time you will spend tracking the campaign — and does not tempt you into buying things you did not need — take it. Otherwise skip it.\nCampaigns to ignore\nSkip campaigns that require opening a product you do not need, that pay in points redeemable only in a service you never use, or whose conditions are so layered that tracking them becomes a second job. The most common trap is a large signup bonus on a card or wallet that then sits unused: a one-off bonus is not a recurring return, and an unused product still carries fees, security exposure, and mental overhead.\nThe disciplined approach is to concentrate in one ecosystem so campaign points land where you already spend, enter the few campaigns that overlap your normal purchases, and let the rest pass.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/points-deals-and-campaigns","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-limited-time","faq:rewards-stacking"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:maximize-points-japan","guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Most Japanese campaigns pay in limited-time points with caps and short expiry; a deal is only worth it when the real, redeemable value exceeds the effort and any extra spend it triggers.\nHow Japanese point campaigns work, how to judge whether a deal is actually worth it, and how to avoid campaigns that cost more attention than they return.\nCampaign rewards are usually limited-time points with a cap and a short expiry window.\nA “+10%” offer is only worth 10% on the eligible portion up to its cap — read the ceiling.\nEntry is often required (tap “entry/エントリー” before spending) or the bonus does not count.\nValue limited-time points at what you will realistically spend before they expire.\nEcosystem mega-sales (Rakuten SPU, PayPay Step) reward concentration, not scattered chasing.\nHow Japanese point campaigns actually work\nAlmost every large campaign in Japan pays in limited-time points (期間限定ポイント) rather than ordinary points. Limited-time points typically expire within weeks to a few months and can sometimes be spent only inside a narrow set of services, so a headline number rarely equals its cash value. Rakuten’s SPU (Super Point Up) and PayPay Step are the two clearest examples: both raise your effective rate the more of the ecosystem you use, and both cap the bonus per month and per category.\nMany campaigns also require an explicit “entry” tap before you spend — miss the entry and the bonus simply does not accrue, even if you met every other condition. Always read three things before you decide a deal is good: the eligible spend, the monthly cap on bonus points, and the expiry date of the points you will receive.\nA simple test for whether a deal is worth it\nCompute the realistic redeemable value, not the advertised maximum. Multiply the bonus rate by the amount you would have spent anyway, cap it at the stated ceiling, then discount for the share you will not manage to redeem before expiry. If that number beats the time you will spend tracking the campaign — and does not tempt you into buying things you did not need — take it. Otherwise skip it.\nCampaigns to ignore\nSkip campaigns that require opening a product you do not need, that pay in points redeemable only in a service you never use, or whose conditions are so layered that tracking them becomes a second job. The most common trap is a large signup bonus on a card or wallet that then sits unused: a one-off bonus is not a recurring return, and an unused product still carries fees, security exposure, and mental overhead.\nThe disciplined approach is to concentrate in one ecosystem so campaign points land where you already spend, enter the few campaigns that overlap your normal purchases, and let the rest pass.","url":"/en/points/points-deals-and-campaigns","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:redeem-points-for-travel:en","entityId":"guide:redeem-points-for-travel","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Redeeming points for travel in Japan","plainText":"Everyday points redeem at about ¥1 for travel bookings, but converting to airline miles can exceed ¥1 per point on long-haul premium seats — only if you actually fly those routes.\nWhen converting points to travel — flights, trains, and travel bookings — beats spending them at ¥1, and how to avoid poor transfer value.\nBooking travel directly with points is usually a flat ~¥1 per point — simple and predictable.\nTransferring points to ANA or JAL miles can beat ¥1, but only on the right redemption.\nPonta transfers to JAL and several ecosystems reach ANA — check the current ratio first.\nPeak-season award seats are scarce; flexibility is what unlocks outsized mile value.\nFor short domestic trips, spending points at ¥1 often beats the effort of a mile transfer.\nTwo ways points become travel\nThere are two distinct routes. The first is spending points directly inside an ecosystem travel service — Rakuten Travel, d POINT-linked bookings, or paying with a wallet at a travel agent — where points behave like cash at roughly ¥1 each. This is predictable and needs no planning. The second is transferring points into an airline mileage program (ANA Mileage Club or JAL Mileage Bank) and redeeming award flights, where the value per point varies enormously.\nMiles reward a travel-heavy pattern. On short domestic hops the effective value of a mile is often close to or below ¥1, so the direct-spend route usually wins. On long-haul or premium-cabin awards a mile can be worth well above ¥1 — but only if seats are available on the dates and routes you actually want to fly.\nGetting transfer value right\nBefore transferring, check the current conversion ratio and any minimum — ratios change and are set by each program, not fixed. Ponta points transfer to JAL miles, and several ecosystems provide a path to ANA; the exact rate determines whether the transfer is worthwhile. As a rule, only transfer points you have a concrete plan to redeem, because miles expire and devalue like any other points, and a transferred mile you never use is worth less than the ¥1 you could have taken directly.\nBook award seats as early as the calendar opens for peak dates, stay flexible on off-peak dates, and compare the mile price against the cash fare to confirm you are actually getting more than ¥1 of value per point spent.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/redeem-points-for-travel","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-mile-value","faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-vs-jal","guide:hotel-travel-rewards","guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:redeem-points-for-hotels"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Everyday points redeem at about ¥1 for travel bookings, but converting to airline miles can exceed ¥1 per point on long-haul premium seats — only if you actually fly those routes.\nWhen converting points to travel — flights, trains, and travel bookings — beats spending them at ¥1, and how to avoid poor transfer value.\nBooking travel directly with points is usually a flat ~¥1 per point — simple and predictable.\nTransferring points to ANA or JAL miles can beat ¥1, but only on the right redemption.\nPonta transfers to JAL and several ecosystems reach ANA — check the current ratio first.\nPeak-season award seats are scarce; flexibility is what unlocks outsized mile value.\nFor short domestic trips, spending points at ¥1 often beats the effort of a mile transfer.\nTwo ways points become travel\nThere are two distinct routes. The first is spending points directly inside an ecosystem travel service — Rakuten Travel, d POINT-linked bookings, or paying with a wallet at a travel agent — where points behave like cash at roughly ¥1 each. This is predictable and needs no planning. The second is transferring points into an airline mileage program (ANA Mileage Club or JAL Mileage Bank) and redeeming award flights, where the value per point varies enormously.\nMiles reward a travel-heavy pattern. On short domestic hops the effective value of a mile is often close to or below ¥1, so the direct-spend route usually wins. On long-haul or premium-cabin awards a mile can be worth well above ¥1 — but only if seats are available on the dates and routes you actually want to fly.\nGetting transfer value right\nBefore transferring, check the current conversion ratio and any minimum — ratios change and are set by each program, not fixed. Ponta points transfer to JAL miles, and several ecosystems provide a path to ANA; the exact rate determines whether the transfer is worthwhile. As a rule, only transfer points you have a concrete plan to redeem, because miles expire and devalue like any other points, and a transferred mile you never use is worth less than the ¥1 you could have taken directly.\nBook award seats as early as the calendar opens for peak dates, stay flexible on off-peak dates, and compare the mile price against the cash fare to confirm you are actually getting more than ¥1 of value per point spent.","url":"/en/points/redeem-points-for-travel","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:redeem-points-for-cash:en","entityId":"guide:redeem-points-for-cash","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Redeeming points for cash and bills in Japan","plainText":"Most Japanese points cannot be withdrawn as cash, but spending them at the register or against bills is effectively a ¥1-per-point cash equivalent and usually the safest redemption.\nHow to turn points into something cash-like — paying at the register, covering bills, and why true cash-out is rare in Japan.\nDirect bank withdrawal of points is rare; “cash value” means spending at ~¥1 each.\nRakuten Pay, PayPay, d払い and au PAY let you pay in-store using points as money.\nPoints often cover mobile, utility, or card bills inside the same ecosystem.\nPaying at the register is the simplest way to lock in ¥1 value with no expiry risk.\nLimited-time points are best spent here first, before they expire.\nCash-out is rare — “cash-like” is the goal\nUnlike some overseas cashback cards, the large Japanese point programs generally do not let you withdraw points to a bank account. What they offer instead is cash-like spending: at the register you tell the app to apply points, and each point knocks about ¥1 off the bill. Rakuten Pay, PayPay, d払い and au PAY all support paying with points at participating merchants, and convenience stores are the most reliable place to use almost any balance.\nBecause register spending realises a clean ¥1 with no transfer step and no expiry risk once spent, it is the safest redemption for the majority of people, and the correct default when you are unsure what to do with a balance.\nApplying points to bills\nWithin an ecosystem, points frequently cover recurring costs — a docomo user can put d POINTs toward the phone bill, a Rakuten user can apply points to card and service charges, and wallet balances can settle many utility and tax payment slips via code payment. This is a strong use for limited-time points, which you should always spend before ordinary points because they expire first.\nThe one caution is that paying a bill with points does not earn new points on that amount, so there is no compounding benefit — it is purely a ¥1 offset. That is fine: certainty at ¥1 beats a speculative higher value you may never realise.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/redeem-points-for-cash","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback","faq:points-value","faq:rewards-paypay-points-step"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","guide:redeem-points-for-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Payment","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Most Japanese points cannot be withdrawn as cash, but spending them at the register or against bills is effectively a ¥1-per-point cash equivalent and usually the safest redemption.\nHow to turn points into something cash-like — paying at the register, covering bills, and why true cash-out is rare in Japan.\nDirect bank withdrawal of points is rare; “cash value” means spending at ~¥1 each.\nRakuten Pay, PayPay, d払い and au PAY let you pay in-store using points as money.\nPoints often cover mobile, utility, or card bills inside the same ecosystem.\nPaying at the register is the simplest way to lock in ¥1 value with no expiry risk.\nLimited-time points are best spent here first, before they expire.\nCash-out is rare — “cash-like” is the goal\nUnlike some overseas cashback cards, the large Japanese point programs generally do not let you withdraw points to a bank account. What they offer instead is cash-like spending: at the register you tell the app to apply points, and each point knocks about ¥1 off the bill. Rakuten Pay, PayPay, d払い and au PAY all support paying with points at participating merchants, and convenience stores are the most reliable place to use almost any balance.\nBecause register spending realises a clean ¥1 with no transfer step and no expiry risk once spent, it is the safest redemption for the majority of people, and the correct default when you are unsure what to do with a balance.\nApplying points to bills\nWithin an ecosystem, points frequently cover recurring costs — a docomo user can put d POINTs toward the phone bill, a Rakuten user can apply points to card and service charges, and wallet balances can settle many utility and tax payment slips via code payment. This is a strong use for limited-time points, which you should always spend before ordinary points because they expire first.\nThe one caution is that paying a bill with points does not earn new points on that amount, so there is no compounding benefit — it is purely a ¥1 offset. That is fine: certainty at ¥1 beats a speculative higher value you may never realise.","url":"/en/points/redeem-points-for-cash","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:redeem-points-for-hotels:en","entityId":"guide:redeem-points-for-hotels","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Redeeming points for hotels & stays in Japan","plainText":"Ecosystem points book hotels at about ¥1 each through travel portals, while hotel-loyalty programs like Marriott Bonvoy or One Harmony can exceed that on premium nights — but only for frequent guests of those chains.\nBooking stays with ecosystem points versus hotel loyalty programs, and where each gives the better value.\nRakuten Travel, d POINT and wallet payments book stays at roughly ¥1 per point.\nHotel programs (Marriott Bonvoy, Okura Nikko’s One Harmony) reward loyalty to one chain.\nAward-night value swings with season and category — peak nights unlock the most.\nFor occasional travellers, ¥1 ecosystem redemption is simpler and usually as good.\nStacking a travel-portal sale with points and a rewarding card compounds the discount.\nEcosystem points vs hotel loyalty\nFor most residents, the practical way to “redeem points for a hotel” is to pay with ecosystem points on a travel portal — Rakuten Travel is the clearest example, and d POINT and wallet balances work at many properties — where each point is worth about ¥1. This needs no status, no chain loyalty, and works for a one-off trip. Hotel loyalty programs are a different game: Marriott Bonvoy and Okura Nikko’s One Harmony reward guests who concentrate stays in one chain with award nights and status perks.\nThe honest comparison is that loyalty programs can beat ¥1 on high-category or peak-season award nights, but only pay off for people who stay often enough with that chain to reach the redemption. If you stay in a mix of independent and chain hotels, the ¥1 ecosystem route is simpler and usually just as good.\nStacking and timing a stay\nHotel value compounds when you layer discounts: book during a travel-portal sale, apply points to the balance, and pay the remainder with a card that earns in your ecosystem, so a single stay produces a sale price plus a point offset plus fresh card points. Limited-time points are ideal here because a trip is a large, planned purchase that absorbs a big balance before expiry.\nTime award nights the way you would flights — peak dates deliver the most value from a loyalty program, while off-peak stays are usually better paid with ecosystem points at a clean ¥1.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/redeem-points-for-hotels","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-mile-value","faq:points-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:hotel-travel-rewards","guide:redeem-points-for-travel","guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:airline-hotel-status-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Marriott International","url":"https://www.marriott.com/loyalty.mi","official":true},{"publisher":"Okura Nikko Hotels","url":"https://www.oneharmony.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://event.rakuten.co.jp/furusato/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Ecosystem points book hotels at about ¥1 each through travel portals, while hotel-loyalty programs like Marriott Bonvoy or One Harmony can exceed that on premium nights — but only for frequent guests of those chains.\nBooking stays with ecosystem points versus hotel loyalty programs, and where each gives the better value.\nRakuten Travel, d POINT and wallet payments book stays at roughly ¥1 per point.\nHotel programs (Marriott Bonvoy, Okura Nikko’s One Harmony) reward loyalty to one chain.\nAward-night value swings with season and category — peak nights unlock the most.\nFor occasional travellers, ¥1 ecosystem redemption is simpler and usually as good.\nStacking a travel-portal sale with points and a rewarding card compounds the discount.\nEcosystem points vs hotel loyalty\nFor most residents, the practical way to “redeem points for a hotel” is to pay with ecosystem points on a travel portal — Rakuten Travel is the clearest example, and d POINT and wallet balances work at many properties — where each point is worth about ¥1. This needs no status, no chain loyalty, and works for a one-off trip. Hotel loyalty programs are a different game: Marriott Bonvoy and Okura Nikko’s One Harmony reward guests who concentrate stays in one chain with award nights and status perks.\nThe honest comparison is that loyalty programs can beat ¥1 on high-category or peak-season award nights, but only pay off for people who stay often enough with that chain to reach the redemption. If you stay in a mix of independent and chain hotels, the ¥1 ecosystem route is simpler and usually just as good.\nStacking and timing a stay\nHotel value compounds when you layer discounts: book during a travel-portal sale, apply points to the balance, and pay the remainder with a card that earns in your ecosystem, so a single stay produces a sale price plus a point offset plus fresh card points. Limited-time points are ideal here because a trip is a large, planned purchase that absorbs a big balance before expiry.\nTime award nights the way you would flights — peak dates deliver the most value from a loyalty program, while off-peak stays are usually better paid with ecosystem points at a clean ¥1.","url":"/en/points/redeem-points-for-hotels","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:redeem-points-for-investing:en","entityId":"guide:redeem-points-for-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Point investing in Japan: turning points into assets","plainText":"Rakuten, PayPay and others let you invest points or use points to buy funds, and card-funded tsumitate earns points on monthly investing — useful, but the underlying fund choice matters far more than the points.\nHow Japan’s distinctive point-investment features work — investing points and card-funded tsumitate — and where they help or distract.\nPoint “investment” features let idle points track markets or buy fund units.\nCard-funded tsumitate (Rakuten Securities, SBI/Olive) earns points on monthly buys.\nThe reward rate on tsumitate depends on card tier and the specific fund.\nPoints invested are still your money — judge the fund, fees and risk first.\nDo not upgrade to a pricier card only for a higher tsumitate point rate; run the math.\nTwo distinctly Japanese features\nJapan has two point-investment ideas that are unusual internationally. The first is “point investment” inside a wallet or brokerage app, where you assign points to track a market index or buy fund units — a low-friction way to put otherwise idle points to work. The second, and more consequential, is card-funded tsumitate (monthly accumulation investing): platforms such as Rakuten Securities and SBI/Olive let you fund a monthly fund purchase with a credit card and earn points on that spend.\nCard-funded tsumitate is genuinely attractive because it earns points on money you are investing anyway, but the reward rate varies by card tier and by the specific fund, and programs adjust these rates over time. Confirm the current rate for your exact card and fund rather than assuming a headline figure.\nKeep the priorities straight\nPoints invested are still real money exposed to real risk, so the decision order is the same as any investment: choose a low-cost, diversified fund suited to your goal first, and treat the points as a small tailwind, not the reason to invest. Inside a NISA account the growth is tax-free, which matters far more over time than a fractional point rate.\nA common mistake is upgrading to a higher-fee card purely to lift the tsumitate point rate. Run the arithmetic: the extra annual fee often exceeds the extra points on a normal monthly contribution. The points are a nice bonus on good investing behaviour — never a substitute for it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/redeem-points-for-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-value","faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:redeem-points-for-cash","guide:bank-brokerage-rewards","guide:maximize-points-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/creditmode/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Rakuten, PayPay and others let you invest points or use points to buy funds, and card-funded tsumitate earns points on monthly investing — useful, but the underlying fund choice matters far more than the points.\nHow Japan’s distinctive point-investment features work — investing points and card-funded tsumitate — and where they help or distract.\nPoint “investment” features let idle points track markets or buy fund units.\nCard-funded tsumitate (Rakuten Securities, SBI/Olive) earns points on monthly buys.\nThe reward rate on tsumitate depends on card tier and the specific fund.\nPoints invested are still your money — judge the fund, fees and risk first.\nDo not upgrade to a pricier card only for a higher tsumitate point rate; run the math.\nTwo distinctly Japanese features\nJapan has two point-investment ideas that are unusual internationally. The first is “point investment” inside a wallet or brokerage app, where you assign points to track a market index or buy fund units — a low-friction way to put otherwise idle points to work. The second, and more consequential, is card-funded tsumitate (monthly accumulation investing): platforms such as Rakuten Securities and SBI/Olive let you fund a monthly fund purchase with a credit card and earn points on that spend.\nCard-funded tsumitate is genuinely attractive because it earns points on money you are investing anyway, but the reward rate varies by card tier and by the specific fund, and programs adjust these rates over time. Confirm the current rate for your exact card and fund rather than assuming a headline figure.\nKeep the priorities straight\nPoints invested are still real money exposed to real risk, so the decision order is the same as any investment: choose a low-cost, diversified fund suited to your goal first, and treat the points as a small tailwind, not the reason to invest. Inside a NISA account the growth is tax-free, which matters far more over time than a fractional point rate.\nA common mistake is upgrading to a higher-fee card purely to lift the tsumitate point rate. Run the arithmetic: the extra annual fee often exceeds the extra points on a normal monthly contribution. The points are a nice bonus on good investing behaviour — never a substitute for it.","url":"/en/points/redeem-points-for-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:credit-card-perks-japan:en","entityId":"guide:credit-card-perks-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Credit card memberships & perks in Japan","plainText":"Gold and platinum cards add perks like airport lounges (often via Priority Pass), travel insurance and concierge; they are worth it only when you use the specific perks enough to cover the fee, and some gold fees can be waived by spending.\nWhat card membership tiers actually give you — lounge access, travel insurance, concierge — and when a fee-carrying card is worth it.\nPerks scale with tier: lounge access, travel insurance, concierge, spend bonuses.\nAirport lounge access often comes via Priority Pass on higher tiers.\nSome gold cards waive the annual fee once you hit a yearly spend threshold.\nTravel insurance terms differ — “automatic” vs “use-conditional” cover is not the same.\nA perk you will not use is not a benefit; price the card on perks you actually need.\nWhat each tier actually gives you\nBeyond earn rate, cards sell membership benefits that rise with the annual fee. Standard cards focus on rewards; gold cards typically add domestic airport lounges, higher insurance limits, and a spend bonus; platinum cards add a concierge service, Priority Pass for overseas lounges, dining benefits, and often a free family card. The MoneyInJapan card research catalogues these tier by tier, so you can match a fee to the specific perks it unlocks rather than the marketing.\nTwo Japanese specifics are worth knowing. First, several gold cards waive their annual fee permanently once you reach a yearly spend threshold — SMBC’s gold NL waives at ¥1M and adds an annual bonus, and Epos Gold waives at a lower threshold — which turns a fee-carrying card into an effectively free one for steady spenders. Second, lounge access on premium cards is frequently delivered through Priority Pass, whose guest and visit rules vary by card.\nWhen a fee is worth paying\nPrice a fee-carrying card on the perks you will genuinely use. If you take two or three overseas trips a year, Priority Pass lounge access and travel insurance can easily exceed a platinum fee; if you rarely fly, that same fee is dead weight. Read insurance terms carefully — “automatically attached” cover applies just by holding the card, while “use-conditional” cover only applies when you paid for the trip with that card, and the limits and conditions differ by issuer.\nThe disciplined test: list the perks you will actually use, value them conservatively, subtract any spend-based fee waiver you will qualify for, and compare the remainder to the net fee. If the perks you need do not clear the fee, a no-fee card plus separately bought insurance is usually cheaper.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/credit-card-perks-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent"],"products":["product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:best-credit-cards-by-category","guide:airline-hotel-status-japan","guide:saison-gold-amex","guide:maximize-points-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/gold-numberless.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Marui / Epos","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Gold and platinum cards add perks like airport lounges (often via Priority Pass), travel insurance and concierge; they are worth it only when you use the specific perks enough to cover the fee, and some gold fees can be waived by spending.\nWhat card membership tiers actually give you — lounge access, travel insurance, concierge — and when a fee-carrying card is worth it.\nPerks scale with tier: lounge access, travel insurance, concierge, spend bonuses.\nAirport lounge access often comes via Priority Pass on higher tiers.\nSome gold cards waive the annual fee once you hit a yearly spend threshold.\nTravel insurance terms differ — “automatic” vs “use-conditional” cover is not the same.\nA perk you will not use is not a benefit; price the card on perks you actually need.\nWhat each tier actually gives you\nBeyond earn rate, cards sell membership benefits that rise with the annual fee. Standard cards focus on rewards; gold cards typically add domestic airport lounges, higher insurance limits, and a spend bonus; platinum cards add a concierge service, Priority Pass for overseas lounges, dining benefits, and often a free family card. The MoneyInJapan card research catalogues these tier by tier, so you can match a fee to the specific perks it unlocks rather than the marketing.\nTwo Japanese specifics are worth knowing. First, several gold cards waive their annual fee permanently once you reach a yearly spend threshold — SMBC’s gold NL waives at ¥1M and adds an annual bonus, and Epos Gold waives at a lower threshold — which turns a fee-carrying card into an effectively free one for steady spenders. Second, lounge access on premium cards is frequently delivered through Priority Pass, whose guest and visit rules vary by card.\nWhen a fee is worth paying\nPrice a fee-carrying card on the perks you will genuinely use. If you take two or three overseas trips a year, Priority Pass lounge access and travel insurance can easily exceed a platinum fee; if you rarely fly, that same fee is dead weight. Read insurance terms carefully — “automatically attached” cover applies just by holding the card, while “use-conditional” cover only applies when you paid for the trip with that card, and the limits and conditions differ by issuer.\nThe disciplined test: list the perks you will actually use, value them conservatively, subtract any spend-based fee waiver you will qualify for, and compare the remainder to the net fee. If the perks you need do not clear the fee, a no-fee card plus separately bought insurance is usually cheaper.","url":"/en/points/credit-card-perks-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:airline-hotel-status-japan:en","entityId":"guide:airline-hotel-status-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Airline & hotel status in Japan: is it worth chasing?","plainText":"Elite status is earned mainly through flying or staying, not points, and pays off only for frequent travellers; for most residents, redeeming points and miles well matters far more than chasing status.\nHow elite status works with ANA, JAL and hotel programs, what it earns you, and when the effort pays off.\nStatus comes from flight/stay activity, not from spending points.\nANA and JAL tiers grant priority, lounges and bonus miles on paid travel.\nHotel status (e.g. Marriott Bonvoy) adds upgrades, late checkout and bonus points.\nChasing status you will not use (“status runs”) usually costs more than it returns.\nFor most residents, good redemptions beat status; revisit only if you fly a lot.\nHow status is earned and what it gives\nElite status in ANA Mileage Club and JAL Mileage Bank is earned through travel activity measured over a year — the more you fly on paid, qualifying fares, the higher the tier. Status is not something you buy with points; points and miles are the reward currency, while status is the recognition of flying volume. In return, higher tiers give priority check-in and boarding, lounge access, and bonus miles on paid flights. Hotel programs such as Marriott Bonvoy work the same way through nights stayed, granting upgrades, late checkout and earning bonuses.\nA few premium cards offer a shortcut to entry-level hotel status or lounge access as a perk, which is covered in the memberships and perks guide — but airline elite tiers are generally earned by flying, not by holding a card.\nWhen status is worth chasing\nStatus pays off when your normal travel already earns it. If you fly frequently for work or family, the priority, lounges and bonus miles are real value you get for trips you were taking anyway. The trap is the “status run” — buying trips you do not need purely to reach a tier — which almost always costs more than the perks return, the same overspending mistake that ruins points strategies.\nFor the majority of residents who travel occasionally, the better focus is redemption skill: spending everyday points at a clean ¥1, and transferring to miles only for the specific award flights where value exceeds ¥1 per point. Chase status only if a quick, honest calculation shows your existing travel already crosses the threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/airline-hotel-status-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","faq:rewards-mile-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-vs-jal","guide:hotel-travel-rewards","guide:credit-card-perks-japan","guide:redeem-points-for-travel"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true},{"publisher":"Marriott International","url":"https://www.marriott.com/loyalty.mi","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Elite status is earned mainly through flying or staying, not points, and pays off only for frequent travellers; for most residents, redeeming points and miles well matters far more than chasing status.\nHow elite status works with ANA, JAL and hotel programs, what it earns you, and when the effort pays off.\nStatus comes from flight/stay activity, not from spending points.\nANA and JAL tiers grant priority, lounges and bonus miles on paid travel.\nHotel status (e.g. Marriott Bonvoy) adds upgrades, late checkout and bonus points.\nChasing status you will not use (“status runs”) usually costs more than it returns.\nFor most residents, good redemptions beat status; revisit only if you fly a lot.\nHow status is earned and what it gives\nElite status in ANA Mileage Club and JAL Mileage Bank is earned through travel activity measured over a year — the more you fly on paid, qualifying fares, the higher the tier. Status is not something you buy with points; points and miles are the reward currency, while status is the recognition of flying volume. In return, higher tiers give priority check-in and boarding, lounge access, and bonus miles on paid flights. Hotel programs such as Marriott Bonvoy work the same way through nights stayed, granting upgrades, late checkout and earning bonuses.\nA few premium cards offer a shortcut to entry-level hotel status or lounge access as a perk, which is covered in the memberships and perks guide — but airline elite tiers are generally earned by flying, not by holding a card.\nWhen status is worth chasing\nStatus pays off when your normal travel already earns it. If you fly frequently for work or family, the priority, lounges and bonus miles are real value you get for trips you were taking anyway. The trap is the “status run” — buying trips you do not need purely to reach a tier — which almost always costs more than the perks return, the same overspending mistake that ruins points strategies.\nFor the majority of residents who travel occasionally, the better focus is redemption skill: spending everyday points at a clean ¥1, and transferring to miles only for the specific award flights where value exceeds ¥1 per point. Chase status only if a quick, honest calculation shows your existing travel already crosses the threshold.","url":"/en/points/airline-hotel-status-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:maximize-points-japan:en","entityId":"guide:maximize-points-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to maximize your points in Japan","plainText":"Concentrate on one ecosystem that matches your bank, card and phone, legitimately stack a rewarding card with a code-payment app and a store point, and redeem where value is real — the compounding comes from consistency, not campaign chasing.\nA practical playbook: concentrate one ecosystem, stack card + code + store points legitimately, and redeem at real value — without overspending.\nConcentration beats collection: one strong ecosystem, not several weak ones.\nLegitimate stacking = pay with a rewarding card, via a code app, showing a store point.\nAutomate the base: default card, default wallet, default point app on every purchase.\nSpend limited-time points first; they expire before ordinary points.\nUse the reward calculators to compare cards on effective, not headline, rates.\nStep 1: concentrate one ecosystem\nThe single biggest lever is concentration. Pick the one ecosystem — Rakuten, PayPay, d POINT, or V Point — that already matches where you bank, which card you carry, and who provides your phone plan, then route as much ordinary spending through it as possible. Concentration keeps balances above expiry thresholds, pushes you up tiered programs like Rakuten SPU and PayPay Step, and means the points you earn are actually usable where you shop. Spreading thinly across several ecosystems does the opposite: small balances that expire and never reach a useful redemption.\nThis choice is covered in depth in the ecosystem selection guide; the maximizing playbook assumes you have made it.\nStep 2: stack legitimately and automate\nLegitimate stacking is not a loophole — it is using each layer once. Pay with a card that earns in your ecosystem, route the payment through a code-payment app (Rakuten Pay, PayPay, d払い, au PAY), and present the matching store point at the register. Done correctly this earns two or three rewards on a single purchase without any manipulation. The key is to automate the base so it happens on every transaction: set one default card, one default wallet, and one default point app, so maximizing requires no daily thought.\nUse the reward calculators to compare cards on their effective rate after caps and fees, not the advertised headline, and to check whether a fee-carrying card actually beats a no-fee one for your spending level.\nStep 3: redeem where value is real\nEarning is only half the job — value is realised at redemption. Spend limited-time points first because they expire soonest, ideally at the register for a clean ¥1. Reserve mile transfers for the specific award flights where value clearly exceeds ¥1 per point, and use ecosystem points at ¥1 for hotels, cash-like register spending, or point investing when that suits you. The through-line of every step is discipline: the strategy works because it rides spending you would do anyway, and it fails the moment you spend more to chase a reward.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/maximize-points-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-stacking","faq:rewards-beginner-program","faq:points-which-ecosystem"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:points-deals-and-campaigns","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Concentrate on one ecosystem that matches your bank, card and phone, legitimately stack a rewarding card with a code-payment app and a store point, and redeem where value is real — the compounding comes from consistency, not campaign chasing.\nA practical playbook: concentrate one ecosystem, stack card + code + store points legitimately, and redeem at real value — without overspending.\nConcentration beats collection: one strong ecosystem, not several weak ones.\nLegitimate stacking = pay with a rewarding card, via a code app, showing a store point.\nAutomate the base: default card, default wallet, default point app on every purchase.\nSpend limited-time points first; they expire before ordinary points.\nUse the reward calculators to compare cards on effective, not headline, rates.\nStep 1: concentrate one ecosystem\nThe single biggest lever is concentration. Pick the one ecosystem — Rakuten, PayPay, d POINT, or V Point — that already matches where you bank, which card you carry, and who provides your phone plan, then route as much ordinary spending through it as possible. Concentration keeps balances above expiry thresholds, pushes you up tiered programs like Rakuten SPU and PayPay Step, and means the points you earn are actually usable where you shop. Spreading thinly across several ecosystems does the opposite: small balances that expire and never reach a useful redemption.\nThis choice is covered in depth in the ecosystem selection guide; the maximizing playbook assumes you have made it.\nStep 2: stack legitimately and automate\nLegitimate stacking is not a loophole — it is using each layer once. Pay with a card that earns in your ecosystem, route the payment through a code-payment app (Rakuten Pay, PayPay, d払い, au PAY), and present the matching store point at the register. Done correctly this earns two or three rewards on a single purchase without any manipulation. The key is to automate the base so it happens on every transaction: set one default card, one default wallet, and one default point app, so maximizing requires no daily thought.\nUse the reward calculators to compare cards on their effective rate after caps and fees, not the advertised headline, and to check whether a fee-carrying card actually beats a no-fee one for your spending level.\nStep 3: redeem where value is real\nEarning is only half the job — value is realised at redemption. Spend limited-time points first because they expire soonest, ideally at the register for a clean ¥1. Reserve mile transfers for the specific award flights where value clearly exceeds ¥1 per point, and use ecosystem points at ¥1 for hotels, cash-like register spending, or point investing when that suits you. The through-line of every step is discipline: the strategy works because it rides spending you would do anyway, and it fails the moment you spend more to chase a reward.","url":"/en/points/maximize-points-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:points-glossary:en","entityId":"guide:points-glossary","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Points & rewards glossary: key Japanese terms","plainText":"This glossary defines the recurring terms in Japanese rewards — ordinary vs limited-time points, base vs effective rate, ecosystem, stacking, tsumitate and mileage transfer — so the rest of the hub reads clearly.\nPlain-language definitions of the terms you meet across Japanese points programs — from limited-time points to SPU, tsumitate and touch payment.\nOrdinary points last longer; limited-time points expire fast — spend them first.\nBase rate is advertised; effective rate is what you keep after caps and fees.\n“Ecosystem” ties a bank, card, wallet and phone plan into one point currency.\nStacking layers card, code-payment and store points on one purchase, legitimately.\nTsumitate is card-funded monthly investing that can also earn points.\nPoint types and value\nOrdinary points (通常ポイント) are the standard balance, usually valid one to two years and redeemable across an ecosystem at roughly ¥1 each. Limited-time points (期間限定ポイント) are campaign points that expire within weeks to months and sometimes redeem only in narrow services — always spend these first. Base rate is the advertised earn (often 1% on cards), while effective rate is what you actually keep after caps, rounding, exclusions, fees and realistic redemption. Devaluation is when a program quietly lowers the value or raises the price of a redemption over time, which is why hoarding points is risky.\nEcosystems, stacking and payments\nAn ecosystem (経済圏) is a linked group of a bank, card, wallet, shopping site and phone plan that share one point currency — Rakuten, PayPay, d POINT and V Point are the big four. Stacking (二重取り・三重取り) means legitimately earning two or three rewards on one purchase by paying with a rewarding card, through a code-payment app, while presenting a store point. SPU (Super Point Up) is Rakuten’s tiered program that raises your rate as you use more services; PayPay Step is the equivalent for PayPay. Touch payment (タッチ決済) is contactless card or smartphone payment, and eligibility rules often distinguish smartphone contactless from physical-card touch and from iD/QUICPay.\nTravel and investment terms\nMiles (マイル) are airline loyalty currency in ANA Mileage Club or JAL Mileage Bank; a mile transfer converts ecosystem points into miles at a set ratio, and value per mile varies widely by redemption. An award flight (特典航空券) is a seat booked with miles rather than cash. Tsumitate (積立) is monthly accumulation investing; card-funded tsumitate lets a credit card pay for monthly fund purchases and earn points on that spend. Furusato nozei (ふるさと納税) is the hometown-tax donation scheme that returns goods and, on ecosystem platforms, points, while offsetting resident and income tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/points-glossary","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-limited-time","faq:rewards-stacking","faq:points-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-points-are-earned","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:maximize-points-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"This glossary defines the recurring terms in Japanese rewards — ordinary vs limited-time points, base vs effective rate, ecosystem, stacking, tsumitate and mileage transfer — so the rest of the hub reads clearly.\nPlain-language definitions of the terms you meet across Japanese points programs — from limited-time points to SPU, tsumitate and touch payment.\nOrdinary points last longer; limited-time points expire fast — spend them first.\nBase rate is advertised; effective rate is what you keep after caps and fees.\n“Ecosystem” ties a bank, card, wallet and phone plan into one point currency.\nStacking layers card, code-payment and store points on one purchase, legitimately.\nTsumitate is card-funded monthly investing that can also earn points.\nPoint types and value\nOrdinary points (通常ポイント) are the standard balance, usually valid one to two years and redeemable across an ecosystem at roughly ¥1 each. Limited-time points (期間限定ポイント) are campaign points that expire within weeks to months and sometimes redeem only in narrow services — always spend these first. Base rate is the advertised earn (often 1% on cards), while effective rate is what you actually keep after caps, rounding, exclusions, fees and realistic redemption. Devaluation is when a program quietly lowers the value or raises the price of a redemption over time, which is why hoarding points is risky.\nEcosystems, stacking and payments\nAn ecosystem (経済圏) is a linked group of a bank, card, wallet, shopping site and phone plan that share one point currency — Rakuten, PayPay, d POINT and V Point are the big four. Stacking (二重取り・三重取り) means legitimately earning two or three rewards on one purchase by paying with a rewarding card, through a code-payment app, while presenting a store point. SPU (Super Point Up) is Rakuten’s tiered program that raises your rate as you use more services; PayPay Step is the equivalent for PayPay. Touch payment (タッチ決済) is contactless card or smartphone payment, and eligibility rules often distinguish smartphone contactless from physical-card touch and from iD/QUICPay.\nTravel and investment terms\nMiles (マイル) are airline loyalty currency in ANA Mileage Club or JAL Mileage Bank; a mile transfer converts ecosystem points into miles at a set ratio, and value per mile varies widely by redemption. An award flight (特典航空券) is a seat booked with miles rather than cash. Tsumitate (積立) is monthly accumulation investing; card-funded tsumitate lets a credit card pay for monthly fund purchases and earn points on that spend. Furusato nozei (ふるさと納税) is the hometown-tax donation scheme that returns goods and, on ecosystem platforms, points, while offsetting resident and income tax.","url":"/en/points/points-glossary","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-international-transfers-work:en","entityId":"guide:how-international-transfers-work","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How international money transfers work","plainText":"An international transfer is a chain of steps — funding, currency conversion, payment messaging, compliance checks, correspondent processing, and beneficiary payout — and a low fee at one link does not guarantee a low total cost.\nThe chain behind a cross-border payment — funding, conversion, messaging, correspondent banks, and payout — and why a low headline fee is not the same as a low total cost.\nA transfer is not one product: it is funding, conversion, messaging, settlement, compliance, intermediary processing, and final payout.\nA bank wire converts your yen at the bank’s customer rate, sends a SWIFT message, and settles through correspondent banks that may each deduct a fee.\nA remittance platform often collects yen locally in Japan and pays out locally abroad, avoiding some correspondent deductions.\nThe honest comparison unit is the recipient amount for the same total you are debited — not the advertised transfer fee.\nA transfer is a chain, not a single fee\nInternational money movement is not one product. It is a chain of links: funding (getting your money to the provider), currency conversion, payment messaging, compliance and sanctions checks, intermediary processing, beneficiary-bank processing, and final credit or cash payout. Each link can add time and cost.\nBecause the cost is spread across the chain, a low headline fee at one link — “¥0 transfer fee” — does not guarantee a low total. A provider can advertise a free transfer and still be more expensive than one charging ¥1,000 if it uses a worse exchange rate.\nHow a conventional bank wire flows\nA bank wire usually follows this sequence: you submit the beneficiary and purpose details; the bank screens the parties and the transaction; your yen is converted at the bank’s customer rate unless you supply foreign currency; a SWIFT payment message is sent; correspondent banks settle the payment between institutions that lack a direct relationship; the beneficiary bank runs its own checks; charges are deducted along the way; and the remaining amount is credited.\nEach correspondent bank in the middle can deduct a handling charge before the money reaches the beneficiary. Japan Post Bank, for example, discloses fixed correspondent deductions on qualifying USD and EUR receipts and warns that additional intermediary charges may also apply.\nHow a remittance platform is different\nA remittance-platform transfer often avoids the full retail SWIFT chain. It may collect your yen through Japan’s domestic banking network (centred on the Zengin system), internally match or hedge the currency need, and arrange a domestic payout in the destination country. This can reduce the number of correspondent deductions and let the app show you the recipient amount up front.\nThe platform still performs identity, sanctions, transaction-monitoring, and source-of-funds reviews. Speed estimates such as “minutes” assume normal funding, compliance, banking hours, and payout-agent availability — they are estimates, not guarantees.\nThe one comparison that is honest\nBecause cost hides across the chain, compare providers on the recipient amount for the same total sender debit, in the same currency, to the same destination and payout method, funded the same way, quoted at the same time. That single number captures the transfer fee, the exchange-rate margin, and predictable deductions together.\nUse the companion pages on transfer fees, exchange-rate markups, and comparing quotes to turn this into a repeatable worksheet before you send.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/how-international-transfers-work","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:transfer-fees-explained","guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:compare-transfer-quotes","guide:swift-transfers-explained"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SWIFT","url":"https://www.swift.com/about-us","official":false},{"publisher":"SWIFT","url":"https://www.swift.com/our-solutions/swift-gpi","official":false},{"publisher":"Japanese Banks’ Payment Clearing Network","url":"https://www.zengin-net.jp/","official":false},{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"An international transfer is a chain of steps — funding, currency conversion, payment messaging, compliance checks, correspondent processing, and beneficiary payout — and a low fee at one link does not guarantee a low total cost.\nThe chain behind a cross-border payment — funding, conversion, messaging, correspondent banks, and payout — and why a low headline fee is not the same as a low total cost.\nA transfer is not one product: it is funding, conversion, messaging, settlement, compliance, intermediary processing, and final payout.\nA bank wire converts your yen at the bank’s customer rate, sends a SWIFT message, and settles through correspondent banks that may each deduct a fee.\nA remittance platform often collects yen locally in Japan and pays out locally abroad, avoiding some correspondent deductions.\nThe honest comparison unit is the recipient amount for the same total you are debited — not the advertised transfer fee.\nA transfer is a chain, not a single fee\nInternational money movement is not one product. It is a chain of links: funding (getting your money to the provider), currency conversion, payment messaging, compliance and sanctions checks, intermediary processing, beneficiary-bank processing, and final credit or cash payout. Each link can add time and cost.\nBecause the cost is spread across the chain, a low headline fee at one link — “¥0 transfer fee” — does not guarantee a low total. A provider can advertise a free transfer and still be more expensive than one charging ¥1,000 if it uses a worse exchange rate.\nHow a conventional bank wire flows\nA bank wire usually follows this sequence: you submit the beneficiary and purpose details; the bank screens the parties and the transaction; your yen is converted at the bank’s customer rate unless you supply foreign currency; a SWIFT payment message is sent; correspondent banks settle the payment between institutions that lack a direct relationship; the beneficiary bank runs its own checks; charges are deducted along the way; and the remaining amount is credited.\nEach correspondent bank in the middle can deduct a handling charge before the money reaches the beneficiary. Japan Post Bank, for example, discloses fixed correspondent deductions on qualifying USD and EUR receipts and warns that additional intermediary charges may also apply.\nHow a remittance platform is different\nA remittance-platform transfer often avoids the full retail SWIFT chain. It may collect your yen through Japan’s domestic banking network (centred on the Zengin system), internally match or hedge the currency need, and arrange a domestic payout in the destination country. This can reduce the number of correspondent deductions and let the app show you the recipient amount up front.\nThe platform still performs identity, sanctions, transaction-monitoring, and source-of-funds reviews. Speed estimates such as “minutes” assume normal funding, compliance, banking hours, and payout-agent availability — they are estimates, not guarantees.\nThe one comparison that is honest\nBecause cost hides across the chain, compare providers on the recipient amount for the same total sender debit, in the same currency, to the same destination and payout method, funded the same way, quoted at the same time. That single number captures the transfer fee, the exchange-rate margin, and predictable deductions together.\nUse the companion pages on transfer fees, exchange-rate markups, and comparing quotes to turn this into a repeatable worksheet before you send.","url":"/en/remittance/how-international-transfers-work","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:transfer-fees-explained:en","entityId":"guide:transfer-fees-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"International transfer fees explained","plainText":"The total effective cost of a transfer is the transfer fee plus funding fee, FX loss, intermediary deductions, recipient-bank fee, withdrawal fee, and any return or investigation cost — not just the advertised fee.\nEvery charge that can eat into a cross-border payment — transfer fee, funding fee, lifting charge, intermediary and recipient fees, withdrawal and return costs — and how to add them into one total effective cost.\nThe advertised transfer fee is only one line; the exchange-rate margin is often the larger cost.\nA lifting charge applies when a bank handles a transfer without its normal currency conversion — for example a same-currency or JPY international wire.\nIntermediary (correspondent) banks and the recipient’s bank can deduct fees the sender’s provider cannot see in advance.\nTotal effective cost = transfer fee + funding fee + FX loss + intermediary deductions + recipient fee + withdrawal fee + return/investigation cost.\nThe charges you can meet\nTransfer fee: the provider’s separately displayed charge to initiate the transfer. It may be fixed, percentage-based, tiered, promotional, or partly folded into the exchange rate.\nFunding fee: an extra charge for how you pay — card funding in particular can add an acquiring cost or be treated as a cash advance, while bank-transfer funding is usually cheaper.\nLifting charge (外貨取扱手数料): a handling charge when a bank does not perform its normal currency conversion, such as a same-currency or JPY-denominated international transfer. Several Japanese banks list this as roughly 0.05% with a minimum around ¥2,500.\nIntermediary-bank fee: a correspondent bank in the middle can deduct a handling charge before the money arrives.\nRecipient-bank fee: the beneficiary’s bank may charge an incoming-wire, lifting, conversion, or credit fee that the sender’s provider cannot see.\nWithdrawal / payout fee: cash pickup, ATM withdrawal, or moving money out of a wallet can carry its own charge.\nReturn / investigation cost: if a transfer bounces, the refund can arrive net of fees and of any adverse exchange-rate movement.\nAdd them into one number\nTotal effective cost = transfer fee + funding fee + FX loss + intermediary deductions + recipient fee + withdrawal/ATM fee + return or investigation cost. Only this total lets you rank providers fairly.\nIn practice, separate the charges you can see (transfer fee, published FX margin) from the ones that are estimated (intermediary and recipient deductions). Show the known cost, then a range for the uncertain part, rather than pretending the uncertain deductions are zero.\nFixed fees hurt small transfers; FX margin hurts large ones\nOn a small transfer, fixed sending, correspondent, and recipient fees are a large percentage of the amount, so a specialist that avoids correspondent deductions usually wins. On a large transfer, the fixed fees become trivial and the exchange-rate margin dominates — so negotiating the FX rate or getting multiple same-time quotes saves more than shaving the transfer fee.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/transfer-fees-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-international-transfers-work","guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:intermediary-bank-fees","guide:our-sha-ben-fees"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/fees/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"The total effective cost of a transfer is the transfer fee plus funding fee, FX loss, intermediary deductions, recipient-bank fee, withdrawal fee, and any return or investigation cost — not just the advertised fee.\nEvery charge that can eat into a cross-border payment — transfer fee, funding fee, lifting charge, intermediary and recipient fees, withdrawal and return costs — and how to add them into one total effective cost.\nThe advertised transfer fee is only one line; the exchange-rate margin is often the larger cost.\nA lifting charge applies when a bank handles a transfer without its normal currency conversion — for example a same-currency or JPY international wire.\nIntermediary (correspondent) banks and the recipient’s bank can deduct fees the sender’s provider cannot see in advance.\nTotal effective cost = transfer fee + funding fee + FX loss + intermediary deductions + recipient fee + withdrawal fee + return/investigation cost.\nThe charges you can meet\nTransfer fee: the provider’s separately displayed charge to initiate the transfer. It may be fixed, percentage-based, tiered, promotional, or partly folded into the exchange rate.\nFunding fee: an extra charge for how you pay — card funding in particular can add an acquiring cost or be treated as a cash advance, while bank-transfer funding is usually cheaper.\nLifting charge (外貨取扱手数料): a handling charge when a bank does not perform its normal currency conversion, such as a same-currency or JPY-denominated international transfer. Several Japanese banks list this as roughly 0.05% with a minimum around ¥2,500.\nIntermediary-bank fee: a correspondent bank in the middle can deduct a handling charge before the money arrives.\nRecipient-bank fee: the beneficiary’s bank may charge an incoming-wire, lifting, conversion, or credit fee that the sender’s provider cannot see.\nWithdrawal / payout fee: cash pickup, ATM withdrawal, or moving money out of a wallet can carry its own charge.\nReturn / investigation cost: if a transfer bounces, the refund can arrive net of fees and of any adverse exchange-rate movement.\nAdd them into one number\nTotal effective cost = transfer fee + funding fee + FX loss + intermediary deductions + recipient fee + withdrawal/ATM fee + return or investigation cost. Only this total lets you rank providers fairly.\nIn practice, separate the charges you can see (transfer fee, published FX margin) from the ones that are estimated (intermediary and recipient deductions). Show the known cost, then a range for the uncertain part, rather than pretending the uncertain deductions are zero.\nFixed fees hurt small transfers; FX margin hurts large ones\nOn a small transfer, fixed sending, correspondent, and recipient fees are a large percentage of the amount, so a specialist that avoids correspondent deductions usually wins. On a large transfer, the fixed fees become trivial and the exchange-rate margin dominates — so negotiating the FX rate or getting multiple same-time quotes saves more than shaving the transfer fee.","url":"/en/remittance/transfer-fees-explained","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups:en","entityId":"guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Exchange rates and hidden FX markups","plainText":"The mid-market rate is the neutral midpoint of wholesale prices; banks and providers add a margin (a spread) to it, and you can measure that markup as |provider rate ÷ mid-market rate − 1| × 100.\nWhat the mid-market rate is, how TTS/TTB and spreads work at Japanese banks, and how to calculate a provider’s exchange-rate markup so the hidden cost stops being hidden.\nThe mid-market (interbank) rate is the midpoint between wholesale bid and offer — a benchmark, not a guaranteed retail rate.\nJapanese banks publish a TTS rate when you buy foreign currency with yen and a TTB rate when you sell it back; the gap from the mid-rate is a cost.\nMarkup % = |provider rate ÷ mid-market rate − 1| × 100, applied with a consistent rate orientation.\nA published margin such as ¥1 per USD is small on a small transfer but scales directly with the amount.\nMid-market rate: the benchmark\nThe mid-market rate is the midpoint between the wholesale market’s bid and offer prices. It is the fairest neutral benchmark for comparison, which is why rate sites and Wise quote it. It is not, however, a guaranteed executable retail rate.\nOfficial reference rates behave the same way. On 31 July 2026, the European Central Bank’s information-only reference rates implied roughly ¥160.235 per USD. The ECB stresses these are benchmarks, not transaction rates — useful for calculation, not for settlement.\nTTS, TTB, and the spread\nJapanese banks commonly publish a TTS rate (対顧客電信売相場) for customers buying foreign currency with yen, and a TTB rate (対顧客電信買相場) for customers selling foreign currency back to yen. The distance between the mid-market rate and the customer rate is an exchange-rate cost, and the TTS–TTB gap is the round-trip spread.\nBanks often state the margin per unit. SMBC, for example, publishes an indicated USD exchange margin of about ¥1 per dollar for its personal online foreign-remittance service, with different listed margins for other currencies such as around ¥1.40 per euro.\nCalculating the markup\nMarkup % = |provider rate ÷ mid-market rate − 1| × 100. Orient the rates consistently. When you compare JPY per foreign-currency unit, a higher JPY rate paid by the sender is worse; when you compare foreign currency received per JPY, a lower number is worse.\nWorked example: if the mid-rate is ¥160.235 per USD and your bank’s customer rate is ¥161.235 per USD (a ¥1 margin), the markup is |161.235 ÷ 160.235 − 1| × 100 ≈ 0.62%. On ¥300,000 that margin alone is about ¥1,870, before any fixed transfer fee.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:transfer-fees-explained","guide:mid-market-vs-bank-rate","guide:compare-transfer-quotes","guide:weekend-fx-markups"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"European Central Bank","url":"https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html","official":false},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"The mid-market rate is the neutral midpoint of wholesale prices; banks and providers add a margin (a spread) to it, and you can measure that markup as |provider rate ÷ mid-market rate − 1| × 100.\nWhat the mid-market rate is, how TTS/TTB and spreads work at Japanese banks, and how to calculate a provider’s exchange-rate markup so the hidden cost stops being hidden.\nThe mid-market (interbank) rate is the midpoint between wholesale bid and offer — a benchmark, not a guaranteed retail rate.\nJapanese banks publish a TTS rate when you buy foreign currency with yen and a TTB rate when you sell it back; the gap from the mid-rate is a cost.\nMarkup % = |provider rate ÷ mid-market rate − 1| × 100, applied with a consistent rate orientation.\nA published margin such as ¥1 per USD is small on a small transfer but scales directly with the amount.\nMid-market rate: the benchmark\nThe mid-market rate is the midpoint between the wholesale market’s bid and offer prices. It is the fairest neutral benchmark for comparison, which is why rate sites and Wise quote it. It is not, however, a guaranteed executable retail rate.\nOfficial reference rates behave the same way. On 31 July 2026, the European Central Bank’s information-only reference rates implied roughly ¥160.235 per USD. The ECB stresses these are benchmarks, not transaction rates — useful for calculation, not for settlement.\nTTS, TTB, and the spread\nJapanese banks commonly publish a TTS rate (対顧客電信売相場) for customers buying foreign currency with yen, and a TTB rate (対顧客電信買相場) for customers selling foreign currency back to yen. The distance between the mid-market rate and the customer rate is an exchange-rate cost, and the TTS–TTB gap is the round-trip spread.\nBanks often state the margin per unit. SMBC, for example, publishes an indicated USD exchange margin of about ¥1 per dollar for its personal online foreign-remittance service, with different listed margins for other currencies such as around ¥1.40 per euro.\nCalculating the markup\nMarkup % = |provider rate ÷ mid-market rate − 1| × 100. Orient the rates consistently. When you compare JPY per foreign-currency unit, a higher JPY rate paid by the sender is worse; when you compare foreign currency received per JPY, a lower number is worse.\nWorked example: if the mid-rate is ¥160.235 per USD and your bank’s customer rate is ¥161.235 per USD (a ¥1 margin), the markup is |161.235 ÷ 160.235 − 1| × 100 ≈ 0.62%. On ¥300,000 that margin alone is about ¥1,870, before any fixed transfer fee.","url":"/en/remittance/exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mid-market-vs-bank-rate:en","entityId":"guide:mid-market-vs-bank-rate","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mid-market rate versus bank exchange rate","plainText":"Rate sites show the mid-market benchmark, while banks, cards, and cash counters add a margin — so the same currency pair looks different everywhere, and the gap is your cost.\nWhy Google, the ECB, Wise, banks, cards, cash counters, and merchants all show different exchange rates for the same currency pair — with worked yen examples.\nGoogle and the ECB display a benchmark (mid-market or reference) rate you generally cannot transact at.\nWise quotes the mid-market rate and charges a visible fee; banks fold a margin into a TTS/TTB customer rate.\nCash counters and airport kiosks carry the widest spreads; merchant DCC is usually the worst of all.\nTo compare, convert everything to “yen you part with for the recipient amount” at the same moment.\nWho shows which rate\nRate sites (Google, XE) and central-bank pages (the ECB reference table) show the mid-market or reference rate — a benchmark near the interbank midpoint that retail customers generally cannot execute at.\nWise quotes that mid-market rate and lists its fee separately, so the markup is visible. Traditional banks instead publish a TTS/TTB customer rate with the margin already inside it, so the fee looks small while the rate does the work. Cards apply the network rate plus an issuer foreign-transaction fee. Cash counters and airport kiosks post the widest buy/sell spreads. Merchant or ATM dynamic currency conversion (DCC) is usually the most expensive of all.\nA worked yen example\nSuppose the mid-rate is ¥160.235 per USD and you want to send USD 1,000. At the benchmark, that is ¥160,235. A bank customer rate of ¥161.235 (a ¥1 margin) makes the same USD 1,000 cost ¥161,235 — about ¥1,000 more from the rate alone, before the fixed transfer fee. A cash counter quoting ¥168 would cost ¥168,000.\nThe lesson is to convert every option into the yen you actually part with for the same recipient amount, at the same moment, and ignore which line is called “fee” versus “rate.”","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/mid-market-vs-bank-rate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:dynamic-currency-conversion","guide:best-overseas-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"European Central Bank","url":"https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html","official":false},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Visa","url":"https://www.visa.co.jp/pay-with-visa/featured-technologies/dynamic-currency-conversion.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Rate sites show the mid-market benchmark, while banks, cards, and cash counters add a margin — so the same currency pair looks different everywhere, and the gap is your cost.\nWhy Google, the ECB, Wise, banks, cards, cash counters, and merchants all show different exchange rates for the same currency pair — with worked yen examples.\nGoogle and the ECB display a benchmark (mid-market or reference) rate you generally cannot transact at.\nWise quotes the mid-market rate and charges a visible fee; banks fold a margin into a TTS/TTB customer rate.\nCash counters and airport kiosks carry the widest spreads; merchant DCC is usually the worst of all.\nTo compare, convert everything to “yen you part with for the recipient amount” at the same moment.\nWho shows which rate\nRate sites (Google, XE) and central-bank pages (the ECB reference table) show the mid-market or reference rate — a benchmark near the interbank midpoint that retail customers generally cannot execute at.\nWise quotes that mid-market rate and lists its fee separately, so the markup is visible. Traditional banks instead publish a TTS/TTB customer rate with the margin already inside it, so the fee looks small while the rate does the work. Cards apply the network rate plus an issuer foreign-transaction fee. Cash counters and airport kiosks post the widest buy/sell spreads. Merchant or ATM dynamic currency conversion (DCC) is usually the most expensive of all.\nA worked yen example\nSuppose the mid-rate is ¥160.235 per USD and you want to send USD 1,000. At the benchmark, that is ¥160,235. A bank customer rate of ¥161.235 (a ¥1 margin) makes the same USD 1,000 cost ¥161,235 — about ¥1,000 more from the rate alone, before the fixed transfer fee. A cash counter quoting ¥168 would cost ¥168,000.\nThe lesson is to convert every option into the yen you actually part with for the same recipient amount, at the same moment, and ignore which line is called “fee” versus “rate.”","url":"/en/remittance/mid-market-vs-bank-rate","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:swift-transfers-explained:en","entityId":"guide:swift-transfers-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SWIFT transfers explained for Japan","plainText":"SWIFT is a standardized messaging network banks use to instruct cross-border payments; it does not itself hold your account or set the rate, and money settles through correspondent banks that may each deduct a fee.\nWhat SWIFT messaging is, how correspondent banking and BIC codes work, why fees appear along the way, how gpi tracking helps, and when a SWIFT wire is genuinely necessary.\nSWIFT carries payment messages between institutions; it does not move or hold the money itself.\nThe beneficiary bank is identified by a BIC/SWIFT code, and the payment may pass through correspondent banks.\nSWIFT connects more than 11,500 institutions across 200+ countries; its gpi service can improve institution-to-institution tracking.\nA SWIFT wire is worth its cost when the beneficiary insists on a wire, the amount is large, or formal banking documentation is required.\nWhat SWIFT is (and is not)\nSWIFT provides standardized financial messaging between institutions. It tells the receiving side who is paying, who is being paid, how much, in what currency, and why. It does not hold your bank account and does not automatically set the exchange rate — your own bank converts the currency at its customer rate unless you supply foreign currency.\nSWIFT reports a network connecting more than 11,500 institutions across more than 220 countries and territories. Banks worldwide are migrating these messages to the richer ISO 20022 format, which is why some Japanese banks have changed beneficiary-registration requirements.\nCorrespondent banks and BIC codes\nWhen the sending and receiving banks lack a direct settlement relationship, one or more correspondent banks hold accounts for each other and pass the funds onward. Each extra institution introduces possible fees, cut-off times, sanctions checks, reconciliation delays, and return risk.\nTo send, you need the beneficiary bank’s BIC/SWIFT code plus the account identifier the destination country uses (IBAN, routing/ABA number, sort code, BSB, IFSC, or a domestic account number and branch code). The recipient name must match the bank record exactly.\nWhen SWIFT is worth it\nPrefer a SWIFT wire when the beneficiary insists on a wire, when the currency or institution has no local payout route, when the amount is large, or when formal banking documentation (a bank-issued proof of remittance) is required — for example brokerage deposits, escrow, tax payments, or property. For smaller everyday transfers, a remittance platform that collects and pays locally usually costs less and shows the recipient amount up front.\nAsk your bank for the transfer reference so you can trace the payment; gpi tracking may be available at the institutional level.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/swift-transfers-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-international-transfers-work","guide:intermediary-bank-fees","guide:our-sha-ben-fees","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SWIFT","url":"https://www.swift.com/about-us","official":false},{"publisher":"SWIFT","url":"https://www.swift.com/our-solutions/swift-gpi","official":false},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"SWIFT is a standardized messaging network banks use to instruct cross-border payments; it does not itself hold your account or set the rate, and money settles through correspondent banks that may each deduct a fee.\nWhat SWIFT messaging is, how correspondent banking and BIC codes work, why fees appear along the way, how gpi tracking helps, and when a SWIFT wire is genuinely necessary.\nSWIFT carries payment messages between institutions; it does not move or hold the money itself.\nThe beneficiary bank is identified by a BIC/SWIFT code, and the payment may pass through correspondent banks.\nSWIFT connects more than 11,500 institutions across 200+ countries; its gpi service can improve institution-to-institution tracking.\nA SWIFT wire is worth its cost when the beneficiary insists on a wire, the amount is large, or formal banking documentation is required.\nWhat SWIFT is (and is not)\nSWIFT provides standardized financial messaging between institutions. It tells the receiving side who is paying, who is being paid, how much, in what currency, and why. It does not hold your bank account and does not automatically set the exchange rate — your own bank converts the currency at its customer rate unless you supply foreign currency.\nSWIFT reports a network connecting more than 11,500 institutions across more than 220 countries and territories. Banks worldwide are migrating these messages to the richer ISO 20022 format, which is why some Japanese banks have changed beneficiary-registration requirements.\nCorrespondent banks and BIC codes\nWhen the sending and receiving banks lack a direct settlement relationship, one or more correspondent banks hold accounts for each other and pass the funds onward. Each extra institution introduces possible fees, cut-off times, sanctions checks, reconciliation delays, and return risk.\nTo send, you need the beneficiary bank’s BIC/SWIFT code plus the account identifier the destination country uses (IBAN, routing/ABA number, sort code, BSB, IFSC, or a domestic account number and branch code). The recipient name must match the bank record exactly.\nWhen SWIFT is worth it\nPrefer a SWIFT wire when the beneficiary insists on a wire, when the currency or institution has no local payout route, when the amount is large, or when formal banking documentation (a bank-issued proof of remittance) is required — for example brokerage deposits, escrow, tax payments, or property. For smaller everyday transfers, a remittance platform that collects and pays locally usually costs less and shows the recipient amount up front.\nAsk your bank for the transfer reference so you can trace the payment; gpi tracking may be available at the institutional level.","url":"/en/remittance/swift-transfers-explained","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:intermediary-bank-fees:en","entityId":"guide:intermediary-bank-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Correspondent and intermediary bank fees","plainText":"Correspondent banks in the middle of a SWIFT wire can each deduct a handling fee before the money reaches the beneficiary, and because the sender’s bank does not control the route, the exact deductions are hard to predict.\nWhy intermediary banks deduct fees, how routing decides who is in the chain, why the deductions are hard to predict, and practical ways to reduce the uncertainty.\nA payment may pass through one or more correspondent banks, each of which can charge a handling fee.\nThe sender’s bank does not fully control which correspondents are used, so the deduction is often an estimate.\nJapan Post Bank discloses fixed correspondent deductions on qualifying USD ($10) and EUR (€5) receipts and warns more may apply.\nYou can reduce uncertainty with a sender-pays instruction, a local-payout platform, or confirming the recipient bank’s incoming fees.\nWhy the fee is deducted\nWhen your bank and the beneficiary’s bank have no direct relationship, the payment is settled through correspondent banks that hold accounts for one another. Each correspondent performs work — screening, reconciliation, onward messaging — and can charge for it, deducting the fee from the transfer before passing it on.\nBecause the route depends on the currency, the banks involved, and their existing relationships, the sender’s bank often cannot tell you in advance exactly how many correspondents will touch the payment or what each will take. That is why a wire can arrive a little short even when everything is correct.\nReducing the uncertainty\nSome banks disclose fixed correspondent deductions. Japan Post Bank, for example, states $10 on qualifying USD receipts and €5 on qualifying EUR receipts, while warning that additional intermediary charges may still be deducted.\nPractical steps: choose a sender-pays fee instruction where the invoice must arrive in full (understanding it is not an absolute guarantee); use a local-payout remittance platform that avoids the retail SWIFT chain when the corridor allows; ask the recipient’s bank about its incoming-wire fee; and, for an important payment, send a small test first and confirm the exact amount credited before sending the balance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/intermediary-bank-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:swift-transfers-explained","guide:our-sha-ben-fees","guide:transfer-fees-explained"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Correspondent banks in the middle of a SWIFT wire can each deduct a handling fee before the money reaches the beneficiary, and because the sender’s bank does not control the route, the exact deductions are hard to predict.\nWhy intermediary banks deduct fees, how routing decides who is in the chain, why the deductions are hard to predict, and practical ways to reduce the uncertainty.\nA payment may pass through one or more correspondent banks, each of which can charge a handling fee.\nThe sender’s bank does not fully control which correspondents are used, so the deduction is often an estimate.\nJapan Post Bank discloses fixed correspondent deductions on qualifying USD ($10) and EUR (€5) receipts and warns more may apply.\nYou can reduce uncertainty with a sender-pays instruction, a local-payout platform, or confirming the recipient bank’s incoming fees.\nWhy the fee is deducted\nWhen your bank and the beneficiary’s bank have no direct relationship, the payment is settled through correspondent banks that hold accounts for one another. Each correspondent performs work — screening, reconciliation, onward messaging — and can charge for it, deducting the fee from the transfer before passing it on.\nBecause the route depends on the currency, the banks involved, and their existing relationships, the sender’s bank often cannot tell you in advance exactly how many correspondents will touch the payment or what each will take. That is why a wire can arrive a little short even when everything is correct.\nReducing the uncertainty\nSome banks disclose fixed correspondent deductions. Japan Post Bank, for example, states $10 on qualifying USD receipts and €5 on qualifying EUR receipts, while warning that additional intermediary charges may still be deducted.\nPractical steps: choose a sender-pays fee instruction where the invoice must arrive in full (understanding it is not an absolute guarantee); use a local-payout remittance platform that avoids the retail SWIFT chain when the corridor allows; ask the recipient’s bank about its incoming-wire fee; and, for an important payment, send a small test first and confirm the exact amount credited before sending the balance.","url":"/en/remittance/intermediary-bank-fees","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:our-sha-ben-fees:en","entityId":"guide:our-sha-ben-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"OUR, SHA, and BEN transfer fee instructions","plainText":"OUR means the sender pays all charges, SHA means charges are shared, and BEN means the beneficiary pays — but even “OUR” may not guarantee the exact invoiced amount arrives, because downstream banks can still deduct.\nWhat each fee instruction means, who pays, why choosing “OUR” does not always guarantee the full invoice arrives, and what this means for paying invoices and tuition.\nOUR: sender pays all charges; SHA: shared; BEN: beneficiary pays, usually via deductions from the amount.\nSHA is the common default and typically results in downstream fees being taken from the transfer.\nMUFG, SMBC, Mizuho, PRESTIA, Rakuten Bank, SBI Remit, and Japan Post Bank all warn some intermediary or beneficiary charge is possible.\nFor invoices and tuition that must arrive in full, choose a sender-pays instruction, but confirm the received amount rather than assuming.\nWhat each instruction means\nThese three codes tell the banks who should bear the transfer charges. OUR: the sender (ordering customer) pays all charges, including, in principle, downstream ones. SHA: the sender pays their own bank’s charges and the beneficiary bears the rest — the common default. BEN: the beneficiary bears all transfer charges, normally through deductions from the amount received.\nNot every channel offers a choice. MUFG Direct, for example, supports recipient-paid fees only online, while a branch or Web Support Plus request can add a sender-paid correspondent option for an extra fee. PRESTIA lists a “pay in full” correspondent instruction for a fixed charge, and still notes intermediaries can charge.\nWhy OUR is not an absolute guarantee\nChoosing OUR improves the odds that the full invoiced amount arrives, but it is not a cast-iron guarantee. Several Japanese banks expressly warn that unexpected downstream fees can still be deducted even when the sender elected to pay charges, because a correspondent outside the sending bank’s control may take a fee anyway.\nFor an invoice, tuition bill, or property payment that must be received in full, use the sender-pays instruction, then confirm the exact amount credited — ideally with a small test payment first — before assuming the balance will land intact.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/our-sha-ben-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:intermediary-bank-fees","guide:swift-transfers-explained","guide:transfer-fees-explained","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/tsukau/kaigai/okuru/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/fees/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"OUR means the sender pays all charges, SHA means charges are shared, and BEN means the beneficiary pays — but even “OUR” may not guarantee the exact invoiced amount arrives, because downstream banks can still deduct.\nWhat each fee instruction means, who pays, why choosing “OUR” does not always guarantee the full invoice arrives, and what this means for paying invoices and tuition.\nOUR: sender pays all charges; SHA: shared; BEN: beneficiary pays, usually via deductions from the amount.\nSHA is the common default and typically results in downstream fees being taken from the transfer.\nMUFG, SMBC, Mizuho, PRESTIA, Rakuten Bank, SBI Remit, and Japan Post Bank all warn some intermediary or beneficiary charge is possible.\nFor invoices and tuition that must arrive in full, choose a sender-pays instruction, but confirm the received amount rather than assuming.\nWhat each instruction means\nThese three codes tell the banks who should bear the transfer charges. OUR: the sender (ordering customer) pays all charges, including, in principle, downstream ones. SHA: the sender pays their own bank’s charges and the beneficiary bears the rest — the common default. BEN: the beneficiary bears all transfer charges, normally through deductions from the amount received.\nNot every channel offers a choice. MUFG Direct, for example, supports recipient-paid fees only online, while a branch or Web Support Plus request can add a sender-paid correspondent option for an extra fee. PRESTIA lists a “pay in full” correspondent instruction for a fixed charge, and still notes intermediaries can charge.\nWhy OUR is not an absolute guarantee\nChoosing OUR improves the odds that the full invoiced amount arrives, but it is not a cast-iron guarantee. Several Japanese banks expressly warn that unexpected downstream fees can still be deducted even when the sender elected to pay charges, because a correspondent outside the sending bank’s control may take a fee anyway.\nFor an invoice, tuition bill, or property payment that must be received in full, use the sender-pays instruction, then confirm the exact amount credited — ideally with a small test payment first — before assuming the balance will land intact.","url":"/en/remittance/our-sha-ben-fees","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:transfer-times-and-delays:en","entityId":"guide:transfer-times-and-delays","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"International transfer times and delays","plainText":"Quoted delivery times are estimates under normal conditions; weekends, holidays, cut-off times, compliance review, intermediary banks, and the recipient bank’s own processing can all extend them.\nWhy an “estimated” arrival is not a guarantee — weekends, bank holidays, cut-off times, compliance reviews, intermediaries, and recipient-bank processing all move the real delivery date.\n“Instant” or “minutes” means an estimate under normal funding, review, banking, and payout conditions — not a guarantee.\nRequests can be accepted on weekends and holidays, but settlement and recipient-bank credit often wait for business days.\nA “pending review” status usually means the provider needs identity, purpose, source, recipient, or sanctions information.\nBank branch execution can take a few business days; beneficiary registration during the ISO 20022 transition can add one to two weeks.\nWhat actually adds time\nA provider’s time estimate can include receiving your funding, completing compliance review, converting currency, releasing the payment, passing intermediary banks, and obtaining beneficiary-bank credit. Any of these can stretch: weekends and public holidays in either country, daily cut-off times, incorrect or mismatched recipient details, a recipient-bank review, or extra sanctions/AML checks on an unusual amount or destination.\nFor bank wires, branch execution may take about three business days, and during the industry’s ISO 20022 migration, registering a new beneficiary at some Japanese banks can take one to two weeks before the first transfer can go out.\nWhat to do about it\nStart large or time-critical transfers early — weeks ahead where beneficiary registration, source-of-funds review, bank holidays, or a property closing date are involved. Fund before the cut-off, double-check the recipient name and account against the bank record, and keep your contact details current so a review does not stall for want of a reply.\nAsk for the transfer reference so you can trace it, and treat the app tracker or SWIFT/gpi status as the source of truth rather than the original estimate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/transfer-times-and-delays","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-international-transfers-work","guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen","guide:large-transfers-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SWIFT","url":"https://www.swift.com/our-solutions/swift-gpi","official":false},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/tsukau/kaigai/okuru/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Quoted delivery times are estimates under normal conditions; weekends, holidays, cut-off times, compliance review, intermediary banks, and the recipient bank’s own processing can all extend them.\nWhy an “estimated” arrival is not a guarantee — weekends, bank holidays, cut-off times, compliance reviews, intermediaries, and recipient-bank processing all move the real delivery date.\n“Instant” or “minutes” means an estimate under normal funding, review, banking, and payout conditions — not a guarantee.\nRequests can be accepted on weekends and holidays, but settlement and recipient-bank credit often wait for business days.\nA “pending review” status usually means the provider needs identity, purpose, source, recipient, or sanctions information.\nBank branch execution can take a few business days; beneficiary registration during the ISO 20022 transition can add one to two weeks.\nWhat actually adds time\nA provider’s time estimate can include receiving your funding, completing compliance review, converting currency, releasing the payment, passing intermediary banks, and obtaining beneficiary-bank credit. Any of these can stretch: weekends and public holidays in either country, daily cut-off times, incorrect or mismatched recipient details, a recipient-bank review, or extra sanctions/AML checks on an unusual amount or destination.\nFor bank wires, branch execution may take about three business days, and during the industry’s ISO 20022 migration, registering a new beneficiary at some Japanese banks can take one to two weeks before the first transfer can go out.\nWhat to do about it\nStart large or time-critical transfers early — weeks ahead where beneficiary registration, source-of-funds review, bank holidays, or a property closing date are involved. Fund before the cut-off, double-check the recipient name and account against the bank record, and keep your contact details current so a review does not stall for want of a reply.\nAsk for the transfer reference so you can trace it, and treat the app tracker or SWIFT/gpi status as the source of truth rather than the original estimate.","url":"/en/remittance/transfer-times-and-delays","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:transfer-limits-japan:en","entityId":"guide:transfer-limits-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"International transfer limits in Japan","plainText":"Japan’s Type II funds-transfer model generally caps a transaction at ¥1 million; Type I services and banks support larger transfers with enhanced controls, and providers can also impose lower annual, monthly, or customer-specific limits.\nHow Type I and Type II funds-transfer providers, the ¥1 million threshold, bank caps, and customer-specific limits interact — and what to use when you need to send more.\nType II funds transfers are generally limited to ¥1 million per transaction; Type I supports larger amounts with more controls.\nWise supports qualifying Japan-based Type I transfers up to ¥150 million; Kyodai’s published Type I maximum is ¥10 million subject to review.\nBanks set their own caps — Japan Post Bank, for example, is under ¥1 million per transaction, ¥2 million per day, ¥5 million per month.\nSplitting a large transfer into smaller ones to dodge a limit can itself look suspicious and be aggregated.\nType I and Type II, and the ¥1 million line\nNonbank remittance in Japan runs under a registered funds-transfer model. Type II transactions are generally limited to no more than ¥1 million each. Type I services support larger transfers but involve enhanced controls and review. Limits can be statutory, provider-wide, corridor-specific, customer-specific, rolling-period, or imposed after a risk review.\nConcrete published examples: Wise supports qualifying Japan-based Type I transfers up to ¥150 million; Kyodai lists a Type I maximum of ¥10 million including fees, subject to purpose and review. DCOM lists up to ¥1 million per transaction, ¥2 million per month, and ¥3.5 million per year, and Smiles publishes rolling controls such as ¥5 million in the latest 365 days.\nBank caps and sending more\nBanks set their own per-transaction, daily, and monthly caps. Japan Post Bank’s browser service, for example, is under ¥1 million per transaction, ¥2 million per day, and ¥5 million per month. To send substantially more, use a bank branch or a Type I provider, and prepare source-of-funds and purpose documentation in advance — large transactions routinely trigger enhanced review, and a bank may offer a negotiated (market-linked) exchange rate above a threshold.\nNever break one large payment into several smaller ones to slip under a limit. Providers can aggregate related transactions, and structuring to evade controls is itself a red flag that can freeze the account.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/transfer-limits-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:large-transfers-from-japan","guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose","guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Unidos Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.kyodai-remittance.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"D.Communications Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.dcom-money.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Japan’s Type II funds-transfer model generally caps a transaction at ¥1 million; Type I services and banks support larger transfers with enhanced controls, and providers can also impose lower annual, monthly, or customer-specific limits.\nHow Type I and Type II funds-transfer providers, the ¥1 million threshold, bank caps, and customer-specific limits interact — and what to use when you need to send more.\nType II funds transfers are generally limited to ¥1 million per transaction; Type I supports larger amounts with more controls.\nWise supports qualifying Japan-based Type I transfers up to ¥150 million; Kyodai’s published Type I maximum is ¥10 million subject to review.\nBanks set their own caps — Japan Post Bank, for example, is under ¥1 million per transaction, ¥2 million per day, ¥5 million per month.\nSplitting a large transfer into smaller ones to dodge a limit can itself look suspicious and be aggregated.\nType I and Type II, and the ¥1 million line\nNonbank remittance in Japan runs under a registered funds-transfer model. Type II transactions are generally limited to no more than ¥1 million each. Type I services support larger transfers but involve enhanced controls and review. Limits can be statutory, provider-wide, corridor-specific, customer-specific, rolling-period, or imposed after a risk review.\nConcrete published examples: Wise supports qualifying Japan-based Type I transfers up to ¥150 million; Kyodai lists a Type I maximum of ¥10 million including fees, subject to purpose and review. DCOM lists up to ¥1 million per transaction, ¥2 million per month, and ¥3.5 million per year, and Smiles publishes rolling controls such as ¥5 million in the latest 365 days.\nBank caps and sending more\nBanks set their own per-transaction, daily, and monthly caps. Japan Post Bank’s browser service, for example, is under ¥1 million per transaction, ¥2 million per day, and ¥5 million per month. To send substantially more, use a bank branch or a Type I provider, and prepare source-of-funds and purpose documentation in advance — large transactions routinely trigger enhanced review, and a bank may offer a negotiated (market-linked) exchange rate above a threshold.\nNever break one large payment into several smaller ones to slip under a limit. Providers can aggregate related transactions, and structuring to evade controls is itself a red flag that can freeze the account.","url":"/en/remittance/transfer-limits-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose:en","entityId":"guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Source of funds and purpose of a transfer","plainText":"Source of funds is where the money came from (salary, savings, a sale, inheritance, a loan, business revenue); the purpose is what it is for, and a clear, documented answer keeps a transfer moving.\nWhat “source of funds” and “purpose of transfer” mean, which documents prove salary, savings, inheritance, sale proceeds, or business income, and why a vague purpose invites questions.\nSource of funds is the immediate origin of the money; source of wealth is the broader story of how you accumulated assets.\nTypical evidence: payslips and contracts for salary, historic statements for savings, sale or probate documents for one-off sums, invoices for business income.\nThe purpose declaration (tuition, family support, salary, investment, property, goods) should match the amount and pattern.\nVague labels such as “personal” invite follow-up questions when the amount or frequency is unusual.\nWhat providers ask and why\nUnder anti-money-laundering rules, a provider may ask where the money came from and what it is for. Source of funds is the immediate origin — salary, savings, business revenue, an asset sale, inheritance, a loan, an investment liquidation, a pension, or a gift. Source of wealth is the broader explanation of how you built your overall assets. The purpose declaration identifies the economic reason: tuition, family support, living expenses, salary, investment, purchase of goods, property acquisition, or loan repayment.\nThese questions are not an accusation. They let the provider check that the amount, funding source, purpose, and pattern are plausible for you, which is exactly what keeps a legitimate transfer from stalling.\nDocuments that prove it\nSalary: employment contract, payslips, tax withholding record, tax return, and matching bank credits. Savings: historic statements, salary records, investment redemptions, and a clear accumulation trail without unexplained gaps. One-off sums: a sale agreement, settlement statement, or probate/inheritance documents. Business income: invoices, contracts, service descriptions, and platform statements. Revolut’s published guidance, for instance, lists invoices and freelance contracts among acceptable evidence.\nKeep these ready before a large or unusual transfer. Providing them promptly is the fastest way to clear a “pending review,” and having a consistent name across your account, residence card, and beneficiary record avoids a separate class of hold-ups.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/source-of-funds-and-purpose","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen","guide:transfer-limits-japan","guide:large-transfers-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Revolut","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/terms/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Source of funds is where the money came from (salary, savings, a sale, inheritance, a loan, business revenue); the purpose is what it is for, and a clear, documented answer keeps a transfer moving.\nWhat “source of funds” and “purpose of transfer” mean, which documents prove salary, savings, inheritance, sale proceeds, or business income, and why a vague purpose invites questions.\nSource of funds is the immediate origin of the money; source of wealth is the broader story of how you accumulated assets.\nTypical evidence: payslips and contracts for salary, historic statements for savings, sale or probate documents for one-off sums, invoices for business income.\nThe purpose declaration (tuition, family support, salary, investment, property, goods) should match the amount and pattern.\nVague labels such as “personal” invite follow-up questions when the amount or frequency is unusual.\nWhat providers ask and why\nUnder anti-money-laundering rules, a provider may ask where the money came from and what it is for. Source of funds is the immediate origin — salary, savings, business revenue, an asset sale, inheritance, a loan, an investment liquidation, a pension, or a gift. Source of wealth is the broader explanation of how you built your overall assets. The purpose declaration identifies the economic reason: tuition, family support, living expenses, salary, investment, purchase of goods, property acquisition, or loan repayment.\nThese questions are not an accusation. They let the provider check that the amount, funding source, purpose, and pattern are plausible for you, which is exactly what keeps a legitimate transfer from stalling.\nDocuments that prove it\nSalary: employment contract, payslips, tax withholding record, tax return, and matching bank credits. Savings: historic statements, salary records, investment redemptions, and a clear accumulation trail without unexplained gaps. One-off sums: a sale agreement, settlement statement, or probate/inheritance documents. Business income: invoices, contracts, service descriptions, and platform statements. Revolut’s published guidance, for instance, lists invoices and freelance contracts among acceptable evidence.\nKeep these ready before a large or unusual transfer. Providing them promptly is the fastest way to clear a “pending review,” and having a consistent name across your account, residence card, and beneficiary record avoids a separate class of hold-ups.","url":"/en/remittance/source-of-funds-and-purpose","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:currency-risk-when-to-convert:en","entityId":"guide:currency-risk-when-to-convert","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Currency risk and when to convert money","plainText":"A foreign-currency balance can gain or lose yen value while you hold it, so match the currency of your future income and expenses where you can, and convert on a plan rather than trying to time the market.\nHow holding a foreign-currency balance exposes you to timing risk, why matching income and expenses reduces unnecessary conversion, and how to avoid turning a payment need into speculation.\nHolding foreign currency is a market position: it can gain or lose yen value before you use it.\nMatching the currency of income and expenses reduces round-trip conversion and its spreads.\nRegular, rule-based conversion (or converting when the need arises) beats trying to predict the rate.\nA payment need is not a reason to speculate; separate “I must pay X” from “I hope the rate moves.”\nWhat currency risk actually is\nWhen you hold a balance in USD, EUR, or another currency, its value in yen moves with the market. That is fine if you will spend it in that currency — a USD balance you will use for USD bills carries little practical risk. It becomes a risk when you are effectively betting: holding foreign currency you will ultimately need in yen, hoping the rate improves.\nA foreign-currency bank deposit can reduce repeated conversions when your income and expenses are in the same currency, but you remain exposed to fluctuations and usually pay a spread entering and exiting the position.\nConverting on a plan, not a hunch\nFor recurring needs — sending family support, paying tuition each term — a regular conversion schedule averages out the rate and removes the temptation to wait. For a one-off large need, convert when the requirement is real rather than holding a speculative position, and if timing genuinely matters, get same-time quotes and, for large amounts, ask the bank about a negotiated rate.\nAvoid the trap of turning a payment into a trade. If you would not deliberately buy that currency as an investment, do not hold it “for a better rate” when you actually need to pay a bill.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/currency-risk-when-to-convert","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:weekend-fx-markups","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"European Central Bank","url":"https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html","official":false},{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/guide/fct_transfer/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"A foreign-currency balance can gain or lose yen value while you hold it, so match the currency of your future income and expenses where you can, and convert on a plan rather than trying to time the market.\nHow holding a foreign-currency balance exposes you to timing risk, why matching income and expenses reduces unnecessary conversion, and how to avoid turning a payment need into speculation.\nHolding foreign currency is a market position: it can gain or lose yen value before you use it.\nMatching the currency of income and expenses reduces round-trip conversion and its spreads.\nRegular, rule-based conversion (or converting when the need arises) beats trying to predict the rate.\nA payment need is not a reason to speculate; separate “I must pay X” from “I hope the rate moves.”\nWhat currency risk actually is\nWhen you hold a balance in USD, EUR, or another currency, its value in yen moves with the market. That is fine if you will spend it in that currency — a USD balance you will use for USD bills carries little practical risk. It becomes a risk when you are effectively betting: holding foreign currency you will ultimately need in yen, hoping the rate improves.\nA foreign-currency bank deposit can reduce repeated conversions when your income and expenses are in the same currency, but you remain exposed to fluctuations and usually pay a spread entering and exiting the position.\nConverting on a plan, not a hunch\nFor recurring needs — sending family support, paying tuition each term — a regular conversion schedule averages out the rate and removes the temptation to wait. For a one-off large need, convert when the requirement is real rather than holding a speculative position, and if timing genuinely matters, get same-time quotes and, for large amounts, ask the bank about a negotiated rate.\nAvoid the trap of turning a payment into a trade. If you would not deliberately buy that currency as an investment, do not hold it “for a better rate” when you actually need to pay a bill.","url":"/en/remittance/currency-risk-when-to-convert","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:weekend-fx-markups:en","entityId":"guide:weekend-fx-markups","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Weekend exchange-rate markups","plainText":"When markets are closed, providers price the risk differently: Wise generally uses the last available Friday market rate with no separate weekend surcharge, while Revolut Japan’s Standard plan adds 1% outside its defined market hours.\nWhy some providers add a charge when currency markets are closed, how Wise and Revolut treat weekends differently, and how to time a conversion to avoid the surcharge.\nForeign-exchange markets effectively close over the weekend, and providers handle the gap differently.\nWise states it normally uses the last available Friday market rate and does not describe a separate weekend surcharge.\nRevolut Japan Standard adds 1% on fiat exchanges outside its market hours, on top of any high-frequency charge.\nCard purchases abroad on a weekend can also carry the out-of-hours markup — timing a conversion for weekday market hours avoids it.\nWhy a weekend charge exists\nWholesale currency markets are largely closed from Friday evening to Monday morning. A provider that guarantees you a rate over the weekend is taking on the risk that the market reopens at a different level, and different providers price that risk in different ways.\nWise states that weekend transfers normally use the last available Friday market rate and does not describe a separate weekend surcharge. Revolut Japan’s Standard schedule instead adds 1% to fiat exchanges outside its defined foreign-exchange market hours, on top of any high-frequency exchange charge that may already apply.\nTiming to avoid it\nIf your conversion is not urgent, execute it during weekday market hours to sidestep an out-of-hours markup. This applies to app conversions and, on some cards, to purchases made abroad over the weekend — the same out-of-hours rule can apply at the point of sale.\nCheck your specific provider and plan: allowances, market-hour definitions, and high-frequency thresholds vary, and a plan that is free within an allowance can start charging once you exceed it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/weekend-fx-markups","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:revolut-japan-review","guide:wise-japan-review"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"Revolut","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/standard-fees/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"When markets are closed, providers price the risk differently: Wise generally uses the last available Friday market rate with no separate weekend surcharge, while Revolut Japan’s Standard plan adds 1% outside its defined market hours.\nWhy some providers add a charge when currency markets are closed, how Wise and Revolut treat weekends differently, and how to time a conversion to avoid the surcharge.\nForeign-exchange markets effectively close over the weekend, and providers handle the gap differently.\nWise states it normally uses the last available Friday market rate and does not describe a separate weekend surcharge.\nRevolut Japan Standard adds 1% on fiat exchanges outside its market hours, on top of any high-frequency charge.\nCard purchases abroad on a weekend can also carry the out-of-hours markup — timing a conversion for weekday market hours avoids it.\nWhy a weekend charge exists\nWholesale currency markets are largely closed from Friday evening to Monday morning. A provider that guarantees you a rate over the weekend is taking on the risk that the market reopens at a different level, and different providers price that risk in different ways.\nWise states that weekend transfers normally use the last available Friday market rate and does not describe a separate weekend surcharge. Revolut Japan’s Standard schedule instead adds 1% to fiat exchanges outside its defined foreign-exchange market hours, on top of any high-frequency exchange charge that may already apply.\nTiming to avoid it\nIf your conversion is not urgent, execute it during weekday market hours to sidestep an out-of-hours markup. This applies to app conversions and, on some cards, to purchases made abroad over the weekend — the same out-of-hours rule can apply at the point of sale.\nCheck your specific provider and plan: allowances, market-hour definitions, and high-frequency thresholds vary, and a plan that is free within an allowance can start charging once you exceed it.","url":"/en/remittance/weekend-fx-markups","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compare-transfer-quotes:en","entityId":"guide:compare-transfer-quotes","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to compare international transfer quotes","plainText":"Get quotes from every provider at the same moment for the same total sender debit, currency, destination, funding, and payout method, then compare the recipient amount — the effective rate — not the advertised fee.\nA repeatable, same-time methodology for comparing providers on the recipient amount for an identical total sender debit — the only fair way to find the cheapest route for your transfer.\nThe correct comparison unit is recipient money per total sender debit — the effective rate.\nStandardize the quote time, sender debit, currencies, destination, funding, fee instruction, delivery method, and speed tier.\nEffective rate = recipient amount ÷ total sender debit; total effective cost is the gap from the mid-market benchmark.\nExclude first-transfer promotions from the standard comparison, or show them separately.\nStandardize before you compare\nProviders do not publish one universal all-in rate, so a fair comparison needs identical inputs. Hold these constant across every quote: the quote time (the same minute or a tight window), the total sender debit (the same amount including all sender-paid charges), the source and delivery currencies, the destination country and recipient bank or payout method, the funding method (bank transfer, debit, credit, or cash), the fee instruction (OUR/SHA/BEN where offered), the delivery method (bank account, wallet, or cash pickup), and the speed tier.\nExclude first-transfer promotions from the standard comparison, or record them on a separate line — they distort a like-for-like read of ongoing cost.\nThe four numbers that matter\nEffective rate = recipient amount ÷ total sender debit. Benchmark recipient amount = total sender debit × mid-market foreign currency per JPY. Total effective cost in JPY = (benchmark recipient − actual recipient) ÷ mid-market foreign currency per JPY. Total effective cost % = total effective cost in JPY ÷ total sender debit × 100.\nA quick illustration using a benchmark of ¥160.235 per USD: on a ¥300,000 debit the benchmark recipient is about USD 1,872. If Provider A delivers USD 1,859 and Provider B delivers USD 1,823, A’s effective cost is roughly ¥1,100 (0.37%) and B’s roughly ¥7,800 (2.6%) — even if B advertised a lower fee. These figures are calculator demonstrations, not live quotes.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/compare-transfer-quotes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:transfer-fees-explained","guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","guide:how-international-transfers-work"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"European Central Bank","url":"https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html","official":false},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Get quotes from every provider at the same moment for the same total sender debit, currency, destination, funding, and payout method, then compare the recipient amount — the effective rate — not the advertised fee.\nA repeatable, same-time methodology for comparing providers on the recipient amount for an identical total sender debit — the only fair way to find the cheapest route for your transfer.\nThe correct comparison unit is recipient money per total sender debit — the effective rate.\nStandardize the quote time, sender debit, currencies, destination, funding, fee instruction, delivery method, and speed tier.\nEffective rate = recipient amount ÷ total sender debit; total effective cost is the gap from the mid-market benchmark.\nExclude first-transfer promotions from the standard comparison, or show them separately.\nStandardize before you compare\nProviders do not publish one universal all-in rate, so a fair comparison needs identical inputs. Hold these constant across every quote: the quote time (the same minute or a tight window), the total sender debit (the same amount including all sender-paid charges), the source and delivery currencies, the destination country and recipient bank or payout method, the funding method (bank transfer, debit, credit, or cash), the fee instruction (OUR/SHA/BEN where offered), the delivery method (bank account, wallet, or cash pickup), and the speed tier.\nExclude first-transfer promotions from the standard comparison, or record them on a separate line — they distort a like-for-like read of ongoing cost.\nThe four numbers that matter\nEffective rate = recipient amount ÷ total sender debit. Benchmark recipient amount = total sender debit × mid-market foreign currency per JPY. Total effective cost in JPY = (benchmark recipient − actual recipient) ÷ mid-market foreign currency per JPY. Total effective cost % = total effective cost in JPY ÷ total sender debit × 100.\nA quick illustration using a benchmark of ¥160.235 per USD: on a ¥300,000 debit the benchmark recipient is about USD 1,872. If Provider A delivers USD 1,859 and Provider B delivers USD 1,823, A’s effective cost is roughly ¥1,100 (0.37%) and B’s roughly ¥7,800 (2.6%) — even if B advertised a lower fee. These figures are calculator demonstrations, not live quotes.","url":"/en/remittance/compare-transfer-quotes","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:dynamic-currency-conversion:en","entityId":"guide:dynamic-currency-conversion","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Dynamic currency conversion (DCC) explained","plainText":"DCC is when a foreign merchant or ATM offers to convert the transaction into yen using their rate instead of your card issuer’s — and it usually costs more, so choose the local currency and decline conversion.\nWhat DCC is at merchants and ATMs, why paying in your home currency abroad usually costs more, and the simple rule — choose local currency — that saves money almost every time.\nDCC converts your purchase into your home currency at the merchant’s or ATM operator’s rate, not the card network’s.\nVisa Japan and Mastercard describe DCC as an optional choice; declining applies the card company’s normal local-currency process.\nDCC markups are merchant-specific and can be steep — an illustrative 6% is used only as a warning example.\nThe default cost-control rule: always choose the local currency at the point of sale and at the ATM.\nWhat DCC is\nDynamic currency conversion occurs when a foreign merchant terminal or ATM offers to bill you in yen instead of the local currency. The conversion is then performed using the merchant’s or ATM operator’s rate rather than your card issuer’s normal process — and that rate typically includes a markup that benefits the merchant, not you.\nVisa’s Japan guidance instructs ATM users that declining conversion applies the card company’s rate in local currency, while accepting can produce a higher yen amount. Mastercard likewise describes DCC as an optional choice between local currency and the cardholder’s billing currency.\nThe rule and the catch\nAlways choose the local currency and decline conversion. That lets your card network and issuer convert the transaction, which is usually cheaper — even after the issuer’s own foreign-transaction fee. Declining DCC does not remove that issuer fee, but it removes the extra merchant/ATM markup on top of it.\nThe catch is that DCC is often pre-selected or worded to sound helpful (“pay in your own currency”). Look for the screen showing both a yen amount and a local-currency amount, and pick the local one. On an overseas card page, our overseas-cards guide shows how issuer fees compare so you know what “local currency” actually costs.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/dynamic-currency-conversion","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:best-overseas-cards","guide:mid-market-vs-bank-rate","guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Visa","url":"https://www.visa.co.jp/pay-with-visa/featured-technologies/dynamic-currency-conversion.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mastercard","url":"https://www.mastercard.us/en-us/personal/get-support/dynamic-currency-conversion.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/visa/","official":true},{"publisher":"EPOS Card","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/en/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"DCC is when a foreign merchant or ATM offers to convert the transaction into yen using their rate instead of your card issuer’s — and it usually costs more, so choose the local currency and decline conversion.\nWhat DCC is at merchants and ATMs, why paying in your home currency abroad usually costs more, and the simple rule — choose local currency — that saves money almost every time.\nDCC converts your purchase into your home currency at the merchant’s or ATM operator’s rate, not the card network’s.\nVisa Japan and Mastercard describe DCC as an optional choice; declining applies the card company’s normal local-currency process.\nDCC markups are merchant-specific and can be steep — an illustrative 6% is used only as a warning example.\nThe default cost-control rule: always choose the local currency at the point of sale and at the ATM.\nWhat DCC is\nDynamic currency conversion occurs when a foreign merchant terminal or ATM offers to bill you in yen instead of the local currency. The conversion is then performed using the merchant’s or ATM operator’s rate rather than your card issuer’s normal process — and that rate typically includes a markup that benefits the merchant, not you.\nVisa’s Japan guidance instructs ATM users that declining conversion applies the card company’s rate in local currency, while accepting can produce a higher yen amount. Mastercard likewise describes DCC as an optional choice between local currency and the cardholder’s billing currency.\nThe rule and the catch\nAlways choose the local currency and decline conversion. That lets your card network and issuer convert the transaction, which is usually cheaper — even after the issuer’s own foreign-transaction fee. Declining DCC does not remove that issuer fee, but it removes the extra merchant/ATM markup on top of it.\nThe catch is that DCC is often pre-selected or worded to sound helpful (“pay in your own currency”). Look for the screen showing both a yen amount and a local-currency amount, and pick the local one. On an overseas card page, our overseas-cards guide shows how issuer fees compare so you know what “local currency” actually costs.","url":"/en/remittance/dynamic-currency-conversion","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:wise-japan-review:en","entityId":"guide:wise-japan-review","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Wise Japan: review and guide","plainText":"Wise is a Japan-registered Type I and Type II funds-transfer provider that shows the mid-market rate with a transparent fee, holds 40+ currencies, and supports qualifying large transfers up to ¥150 million — subject to verification and a ¥1 million default holding limit for Japan addresses.\nWise’s Japan licensing, sending and holding limits, receiving details, card, and personal-versus-business use — with the verification and large-transfer facts you need before relying on it.\nRegulated as Wise Payments Japan K.K., a Japan Type I and Type II funds-transfer provider (registration 00040).\nBalance-funded sending up to ¥1m; qualifying Type I large transfers up to ¥150m, subject to review.\nDefault total holding limit for Japan addresses is ¥1m; a temporary custom limit up to ¥20m can be set for up to six months.\nTransparent fee varies by corridor and funding; bank funding is normally cheaper than card funding.\nWhat Wise does and who can use it\nWise lets you send and receive eligible currencies, hold more than 40 currencies, convert at the mid-market rate, and spend with a debit card. Local receiving details (so someone can pay you as if domestically) depend on your customer and currency eligibility. It offers both personal and business accounts, and business or freelance income should go through the account type whose terms permit it.\nVerification is required — identity and, when requested, source-of-funds or business documents. Wise is registered as Wise Payments Japan K.K., a Japan Type I and Type II funds-transfer provider (registration 00040); it is not a bank, so balances are protected by safeguarding arrangements rather than deposit insurance.\nLimits, holding, and cost\nBalance-funded sending is generally up to ¥1 million, while qualifying Type I large transfers can go up to ¥150 million, subject to review. The default total holding limit for a Japan address is ¥1 million; you can request a temporary custom limit of up to ¥20 million for up to six months, which is useful when you need to receive and hold a larger amount briefly.\nThe fee is a transparent fixed/percentage charge that varies by corridor, amount, and funding method, applied to a mid-market rate. Bank-transfer funding is normally preferable to card funding, and same-currency internal transfers between Wise users may be free. Large transactions can trigger a source-of-funds review, so prepare documents in advance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/wise-japan-review","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise","product:wise-business"],"guides":["guide:revolut-japan-review","guide:wise-vs-revolut","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:transfer-limits-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/7kL1cM6NQ2LQPMs3kV2X5j/wise-in-japan","official":true},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Wise is a Japan-registered Type I and Type II funds-transfer provider that shows the mid-market rate with a transparent fee, holds 40+ currencies, and supports qualifying large transfers up to ¥150 million — subject to verification and a ¥1 million default holding limit for Japan addresses.\nWise’s Japan licensing, sending and holding limits, receiving details, card, and personal-versus-business use — with the verification and large-transfer facts you need before relying on it.\nRegulated as Wise Payments Japan K.K., a Japan Type I and Type II funds-transfer provider (registration 00040).\nBalance-funded sending up to ¥1m; qualifying Type I large transfers up to ¥150m, subject to review.\nDefault total holding limit for Japan addresses is ¥1m; a temporary custom limit up to ¥20m can be set for up to six months.\nTransparent fee varies by corridor and funding; bank funding is normally cheaper than card funding.\nWhat Wise does and who can use it\nWise lets you send and receive eligible currencies, hold more than 40 currencies, convert at the mid-market rate, and spend with a debit card. Local receiving details (so someone can pay you as if domestically) depend on your customer and currency eligibility. It offers both personal and business accounts, and business or freelance income should go through the account type whose terms permit it.\nVerification is required — identity and, when requested, source-of-funds or business documents. Wise is registered as Wise Payments Japan K.K., a Japan Type I and Type II funds-transfer provider (registration 00040); it is not a bank, so balances are protected by safeguarding arrangements rather than deposit insurance.\nLimits, holding, and cost\nBalance-funded sending is generally up to ¥1 million, while qualifying Type I large transfers can go up to ¥150 million, subject to review. The default total holding limit for a Japan address is ¥1 million; you can request a temporary custom limit of up to ¥20 million for up to six months, which is useful when you need to receive and hold a larger amount briefly.\nThe fee is a transparent fixed/percentage charge that varies by corridor, amount, and funding method, applied to a mid-market rate. Bank-transfer funding is normally preferable to card funding, and same-currency internal transfers between Wise users may be free. Large transactions can trigger a source-of-funds review, so prepare documents in advance.","url":"/en/remittance/wise-japan-review","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:revolut-japan-review:en","entityId":"guide:revolut-japan-review","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Revolut Japan: review and guide","plainText":"Revolut Japan is a registered Type II funds-transfer provider with a strong multi-currency app and card; Standard customers pay no listed exchange fee during market hours within allowances, but 1% applies outside market hours and high-frequency use can add 0.5%.\nRevolut Japan’s FX allowances, weekend and out-of-hours charges, transfers, card spending, and the plan details that decide whether it is cheap for you.\nJapan service operates as a registered Type II funds-transfer provider (registration identified as 00060).\nStandard regular customers have no listed exchange fee during market hours; high-frequency Standard use can incur 0.5%.\nAll fiat exchanges outside market hours incur an additional 1% — plan a conversion for weekday market hours.\nSome SWIFT routes have no Revolut transfer fee but can incur intermediary fees; eligible “pay all fees” routes list ¥4,200.\nThe app, card, and where it shines\nRevolut offers multi-currency conversion, a wallet, card spending with strong controls, and domestic and international transfers; receiving and transfer features depend on the account and route. Its strengths are travel, subscriptions, and moderate multi-currency use, backed by an English app and help centre.\nThe Japan service operates as a registered Type II funds-transfer provider (registration identified as 00060 in official legal materials). It is not presented as an ordinary bank deposit, so check the Japan legal and safeguarding disclosures for how your balance is protected.\nThe fees that decide cost\nFor Standard regular customers there is no listed exchange fee during market hours, subject to monthly allowances. Exceeding the allowance with high-frequency Standard usage can incur 0.5%, and all fiat exchanges outside defined market hours incur an additional 1%. Some SWIFT routes carry no Revolut transfer fee but can still attract intermediary fees, while eligible “pay all fees” routes list ¥4,200.\nBecause allowances and plan tiers change what you actually pay, check the app’s displayed transfer and exchange allowances before a conversion, and time non-urgent exchanges for weekday market hours. Source-of-funds documentation may be requested on larger or unusual activity.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/revolut-japan-review","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:wise-japan-review","guide:wise-vs-revolut","guide:weekend-fx-markups","guide:best-overseas-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Revolut","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/standard-fees/","official":true},{"publisher":"Revolut","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/terms/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Revolut Japan is a registered Type II funds-transfer provider with a strong multi-currency app and card; Standard customers pay no listed exchange fee during market hours within allowances, but 1% applies outside market hours and high-frequency use can add 0.5%.\nRevolut Japan’s FX allowances, weekend and out-of-hours charges, transfers, card spending, and the plan details that decide whether it is cheap for you.\nJapan service operates as a registered Type II funds-transfer provider (registration identified as 00060).\nStandard regular customers have no listed exchange fee during market hours; high-frequency Standard use can incur 0.5%.\nAll fiat exchanges outside market hours incur an additional 1% — plan a conversion for weekday market hours.\nSome SWIFT routes have no Revolut transfer fee but can incur intermediary fees; eligible “pay all fees” routes list ¥4,200.\nThe app, card, and where it shines\nRevolut offers multi-currency conversion, a wallet, card spending with strong controls, and domestic and international transfers; receiving and transfer features depend on the account and route. Its strengths are travel, subscriptions, and moderate multi-currency use, backed by an English app and help centre.\nThe Japan service operates as a registered Type II funds-transfer provider (registration identified as 00060 in official legal materials). It is not presented as an ordinary bank deposit, so check the Japan legal and safeguarding disclosures for how your balance is protected.\nThe fees that decide cost\nFor Standard regular customers there is no listed exchange fee during market hours, subject to monthly allowances. Exceeding the allowance with high-frequency Standard usage can incur 0.5%, and all fiat exchanges outside defined market hours incur an additional 1%. Some SWIFT routes carry no Revolut transfer fee but can still attract intermediary fees, while eligible “pay all fees” routes list ¥4,200.\nBecause allowances and plan tiers change what you actually pay, check the app’s displayed transfer and exchange allowances before a conversion, and time non-urgent exchanges for weekday market hours. Source-of-funds documentation may be requested on larger or unusual activity.","url":"/en/remittance/revolut-japan-review","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sbi-remit-review:en","entityId":"guide:sbi-remit-review","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SBI Remit: review and guide","plainText":"SBI Remit is a Japan-registered remittance provider offering bank deposit, cash pickup, and MoneyGram-network payout with fees from around ¥460 — strong for family remittances and Southeast Asian corridors, generally capped near ¥1 million per transfer and ¥5 million per year.\nSBI Remit’s bank-deposit, cash-pickup, and MoneyGram reach, its per-transfer and annual limits, and why it is a common starting point for family remittances to Asia.\nBank deposit, cash pickup, and partner-network payout including MoneyGram reach; advertises service to about 200 countries/territories.\nGenerally up to the lower of US$10,000 equivalent and ¥1m per transfer; generally ¥5m per calendar year.\nFees start from around ¥460, but the destination-specific fee and FX quote control the real cost.\nSome corridors can arrive in minutes, but delivery depends on compliance, banking hours, and cash-agent availability.\nReach and payout methods\nSBI Remit is a Japan-registered remittance provider with bank deposit, cash pickup, and partner-network payout, including MoneyGram reach. It advertises service to about 200 countries and territories, though the available products differ by destination. It is a common first stop for family remittances and Southeast Asian corridors such as the Philippines.\nCustomer and purpose screening apply, and SHA-style routes can expose the recipient to downstream deductions — check whether the quote is for a bank deposit or a cash pickup, since the payout amount and rules differ.\nLimits and fees\nSending is generally capped at the lower of a US$10,000 equivalent and ¥1 million per transfer, with a general calendar-year limit around ¥5 million. Incoming remittance generally shares the same per-transfer cap but has no stated monthly or annual cap, subject to checks. Deposit methods include bank transfer and participating ATM/remit-card channels; some ATM funding methods carry separate limits or charges.\nFees start from around ¥460, but the true cost is the destination-specific fee plus the exchange margin, so compare the recipient amount for the exact payout method rather than the headline fee.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/sbi-remit-review","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:wise-vs-sbi-remit","guide:western-union-japan-review","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"SBI Remit is a Japan-registered remittance provider offering bank deposit, cash pickup, and MoneyGram-network payout with fees from around ¥460 — strong for family remittances and Southeast Asian corridors, generally capped near ¥1 million per transfer and ¥5 million per year.\nSBI Remit’s bank-deposit, cash-pickup, and MoneyGram reach, its per-transfer and annual limits, and why it is a common starting point for family remittances to Asia.\nBank deposit, cash pickup, and partner-network payout including MoneyGram reach; advertises service to about 200 countries/territories.\nGenerally up to the lower of US$10,000 equivalent and ¥1m per transfer; generally ¥5m per calendar year.\nFees start from around ¥460, but the destination-specific fee and FX quote control the real cost.\nSome corridors can arrive in minutes, but delivery depends on compliance, banking hours, and cash-agent availability.\nReach and payout methods\nSBI Remit is a Japan-registered remittance provider with bank deposit, cash pickup, and partner-network payout, including MoneyGram reach. It advertises service to about 200 countries and territories, though the available products differ by destination. It is a common first stop for family remittances and Southeast Asian corridors such as the Philippines.\nCustomer and purpose screening apply, and SHA-style routes can expose the recipient to downstream deductions — check whether the quote is for a bank deposit or a cash pickup, since the payout amount and rules differ.\nLimits and fees\nSending is generally capped at the lower of a US$10,000 equivalent and ¥1 million per transfer, with a general calendar-year limit around ¥5 million. Incoming remittance generally shares the same per-transfer cap but has no stated monthly or annual cap, subject to checks. Deposit methods include bank transfer and participating ATM/remit-card channels; some ATM funding methods carry separate limits or charges.\nFees start from around ¥460, but the true cost is the destination-specific fee plus the exchange margin, so compare the recipient amount for the exact payout method rather than the headline fee.","url":"/en/remittance/sbi-remit-review","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:western-union-japan-review:en","entityId":"guide:western-union-japan-review","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Western Union Japan: review and guide","plainText":"Western Union is best for emergency cash pickup and recipients without bank accounts, offering more than 200 countries with MTCN tracking — but its exchange-rate margin and fraud exposure make it a considered choice, not a default for routine transfers.\nWestern Union’s cash-pickup strength, online and agent transfer, MTCN tracking, exchange margins, and the fraud checks that matter most for emergency transfers.\nOnline, app-assisted, agent, bank-account, and cash-pickup options across more than 200 countries and territories.\nAdvertised fees start around ¥400 on selected routes, but Western Union states it earns money from currency exchange.\nMTCN tracking is available; cash availability, agent hours, and recipient ID are decisive for pickup.\nBest for emergencies and unbanked recipients — not usually the first choice for a large bank-to-bank transfer.\nWhere Western Union is strong\nWestern Union’s network reaches more than 200 countries and territories, with online, app-assisted, agent, bank-account, convenience-store funding, and cash-pickup options. Its real strength is emergency cash pickup and paying recipients who do not have a bank account. MTCN tracking lets you and the recipient follow the transfer.\nIdentity verification is mandatory, and limits are channel-, identity-, and destination-specific, with enhanced documentation for larger transfers.\nCost and fraud awareness\nAdvertised fees start around ¥400 on selected routes, but the exchange-rate margin can be material — Western Union expressly states that it earns money from currency exchange. Include that margin when comparing, and treat promotional fees separately from standard pricing.\nCash pickup is a common fraud vector. Verify any alleged emergency through a separate channel, send the minimum necessary, never disclose the pickup number publicly, ask for the recipient’s exact legal name and ID, and treat requests to send to an unrelated “agent” as likely fraud.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/western-union-japan-review","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:western-union-vs-apps","guide:sbi-remit-review","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud","guide:emergency-transfers-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Western Union","url":"https://www.westernunion.com/jp/en/web/send-money/start","official":true},{"publisher":"Western Union","url":"https://www.westernunion.com/jp/en/terms-conditions.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Western Union is best for emergency cash pickup and recipients without bank accounts, offering more than 200 countries with MTCN tracking — but its exchange-rate margin and fraud exposure make it a considered choice, not a default for routine transfers.\nWestern Union’s cash-pickup strength, online and agent transfer, MTCN tracking, exchange margins, and the fraud checks that matter most for emergency transfers.\nOnline, app-assisted, agent, bank-account, and cash-pickup options across more than 200 countries and territories.\nAdvertised fees start around ¥400 on selected routes, but Western Union states it earns money from currency exchange.\nMTCN tracking is available; cash availability, agent hours, and recipient ID are decisive for pickup.\nBest for emergencies and unbanked recipients — not usually the first choice for a large bank-to-bank transfer.\nWhere Western Union is strong\nWestern Union’s network reaches more than 200 countries and territories, with online, app-assisted, agent, bank-account, convenience-store funding, and cash-pickup options. Its real strength is emergency cash pickup and paying recipients who do not have a bank account. MTCN tracking lets you and the recipient follow the transfer.\nIdentity verification is mandatory, and limits are channel-, identity-, and destination-specific, with enhanced documentation for larger transfers.\nCost and fraud awareness\nAdvertised fees start around ¥400 on selected routes, but the exchange-rate margin can be material — Western Union expressly states that it earns money from currency exchange. Include that margin when comparing, and treat promotional fees separately from standard pricing.\nCash pickup is a common fraud vector. Verify any alleged emergency through a separate channel, send the minimum necessary, never disclose the pickup number publicly, ask for the recipient’s exact legal name and ID, and treat requests to send to an unrelated “agent” as likely fraud.","url":"/en/remittance/western-union-japan-review","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mufg-international-transfers:en","entityId":"guide:mufg-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MUFG Bank international transfers","plainText":"MUFG offers online remittance via MUFG Direct to registered beneficiaries and branch/Web Support Plus service; online fees run ¥2,500–¥3,000, branch service is ¥7,000, and MUFG Direct supports recipient-paid fees only.\nMUFG’s online versus branch remittance channels, its published fees and correspondent options, ISO 20022 changes, and its English Web Support Plus service.\nMUFG Direct online supports personal transfers to registered beneficiaries; branch or Foreign Remittance Web Support Plus is also available.\nOnline: ¥2,500 to specified MUFG overseas branches/entities, ¥3,000 to other banks; branch/Web Support Plus ¥7,000 (handwritten +¥500).\nYen or same-currency foreign-deposit funding can incur 0.05% (minimum ¥2,500); a sender-paid correspondent option at a branch adds ¥3,000.\nMUFG Direct supports recipient-paid fees only; branch execution may take about three business days.\nChannels and fees\nMUFG offers online remittance through MUFG Direct to registered beneficiaries, plus branch service and an English-capable Foreign Remittance Web Support Plus. Online fees are ¥2,500 to specified MUFG overseas branches or entities and ¥3,000 to other banks. Branch or Web Support Plus service is ¥7,000, and a handwritten request adds ¥500.\nFunding from a yen or same-currency foreign-currency deposit can incur a 0.05% handling charge with a ¥2,500 minimum. A sender-paid correspondent option is available at a branch for an extra ¥3,000, but MUFG Direct supports recipient-paid fees only — so if you need to pay downstream charges yourself, you may need the branch route.\nAccess, English, and change notes\nEnglish Web Support Plus is available, but compliance follow-up and source documents may still be required. Incoming fees depend on the currency and conversion route; check the current schedule at receipt time, especially because MUFG announced 2026 revisions. MUFG is also migrating international messages to ISO 20022 formats, which can affect beneficiary data requirements.\nBranch execution may take about three business days, so start time-critical transfers early and register the beneficiary in advance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/mufg-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:smbc-international-transfers","guide:mizuho-international-transfers","guide:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/tsukau/kaigai/okuru/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/tesuuryou/furikomi.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"MUFG offers online remittance via MUFG Direct to registered beneficiaries and branch/Web Support Plus service; online fees run ¥2,500–¥3,000, branch service is ¥7,000, and MUFG Direct supports recipient-paid fees only.\nMUFG’s online versus branch remittance channels, its published fees and correspondent options, ISO 20022 changes, and its English Web Support Plus service.\nMUFG Direct online supports personal transfers to registered beneficiaries; branch or Foreign Remittance Web Support Plus is also available.\nOnline: ¥2,500 to specified MUFG overseas branches/entities, ¥3,000 to other banks; branch/Web Support Plus ¥7,000 (handwritten +¥500).\nYen or same-currency foreign-deposit funding can incur 0.05% (minimum ¥2,500); a sender-paid correspondent option at a branch adds ¥3,000.\nMUFG Direct supports recipient-paid fees only; branch execution may take about three business days.\nChannels and fees\nMUFG offers online remittance through MUFG Direct to registered beneficiaries, plus branch service and an English-capable Foreign Remittance Web Support Plus. Online fees are ¥2,500 to specified MUFG overseas branches or entities and ¥3,000 to other banks. Branch or Web Support Plus service is ¥7,000, and a handwritten request adds ¥500.\nFunding from a yen or same-currency foreign-currency deposit can incur a 0.05% handling charge with a ¥2,500 minimum. A sender-paid correspondent option is available at a branch for an extra ¥3,000, but MUFG Direct supports recipient-paid fees only — so if you need to pay downstream charges yourself, you may need the branch route.\nAccess, English, and change notes\nEnglish Web Support Plus is available, but compliance follow-up and source documents may still be required. Incoming fees depend on the currency and conversion route; check the current schedule at receipt time, especially because MUFG announced 2026 revisions. MUFG is also migrating international messages to ISO 20022 formats, which can affect beneficiary data requirements.\nBranch execution may take about three business days, so start time-critical transfers early and register the beneficiary in advance.","url":"/en/remittance/mufg-international-transfers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:smbc-international-transfers:en","entityId":"guide:smbc-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SMBC international transfers","plainText":"SMBC offers online remittance (after enrolment and beneficiary registration) and branch service; online fees are ¥3,000–¥3,500, with published FX margins around ¥1/USD and ¥1.40/EUR and a recall/amendment fee of ¥4,000.\nSMBC’s online remittance with advance enrolment, its seven sending currencies, published USD/EUR FX margins, My Number requirement, and beneficiary-registration timing.\nSMBC Direct online requires advance enrolment and beneficiary registration; branch service is also available.\nOnline: ¥3,000 to SMBC overseas entities, ¥3,500 to other overseas banks; sender-paid related-bank fee ¥2,500; lifting/JPY handling 0.05% (min ¥2,500).\nPublished FX margins include about ¥1/USD and ¥1.40/EUR; recall or amendment is ¥4,000.\nSeven sending currencies (six foreign plus JPY); My Number and identity uploads are required.\nSetup, currencies, and fees\nSMBC provides online remittance via SMBC Direct after advance enrolment and beneficiary registration, plus branch service. It supports seven sending currencies — six foreign currencies plus yen. Online fees are ¥3,000 to SMBC overseas entities and ¥3,500 to other overseas banks; a sender-paid related-bank fee is ¥2,500, and lifting or JPY handling is 0.05% with a ¥2,500 minimum.\nPublished FX margins include about ¥1 per USD and ¥1.40 per EUR, which are the real cost on a conversion. A recall or amendment costs ¥4,000. Incoming foreign-currency-to-yen receipts generally carry ¥1,500, and same-currency or yen receipt can also attract 0.05% (minimum ¥2,500) depending on the route.\nMy Number, registration, and timing\nMy Number and identity-document uploads are required. Beneficiary registration can take one to two weeks during the ISO 20022 transition, and pre-2024 beneficiary records may need re-registration from August 2026 — so plan ahead and re-check a saved recipient before a time-critical transfer.\nBecause setup and registration are front-loaded, SMBC suits residents who will send repeatedly to the same beneficiaries rather than a one-off urgent payment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/smbc-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-international-transfers","guide:mizuho-international-transfers","guide:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","guide:our-sha-ben-fees"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/fee/furikomi.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/aboutus/profile/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"SMBC offers online remittance (after enrolment and beneficiary registration) and branch service; online fees are ¥3,000–¥3,500, with published FX margins around ¥1/USD and ¥1.40/EUR and a recall/amendment fee of ¥4,000.\nSMBC’s online remittance with advance enrolment, its seven sending currencies, published USD/EUR FX margins, My Number requirement, and beneficiary-registration timing.\nSMBC Direct online requires advance enrolment and beneficiary registration; branch service is also available.\nOnline: ¥3,000 to SMBC overseas entities, ¥3,500 to other overseas banks; sender-paid related-bank fee ¥2,500; lifting/JPY handling 0.05% (min ¥2,500).\nPublished FX margins include about ¥1/USD and ¥1.40/EUR; recall or amendment is ¥4,000.\nSeven sending currencies (six foreign plus JPY); My Number and identity uploads are required.\nSetup, currencies, and fees\nSMBC provides online remittance via SMBC Direct after advance enrolment and beneficiary registration, plus branch service. It supports seven sending currencies — six foreign currencies plus yen. Online fees are ¥3,000 to SMBC overseas entities and ¥3,500 to other overseas banks; a sender-paid related-bank fee is ¥2,500, and lifting or JPY handling is 0.05% with a ¥2,500 minimum.\nPublished FX margins include about ¥1 per USD and ¥1.40 per EUR, which are the real cost on a conversion. A recall or amendment costs ¥4,000. Incoming foreign-currency-to-yen receipts generally carry ¥1,500, and same-currency or yen receipt can also attract 0.05% (minimum ¥2,500) depending on the route.\nMy Number, registration, and timing\nMy Number and identity-document uploads are required. Beneficiary registration can take one to two weeks during the ISO 20022 transition, and pre-2024 beneficiary records may need re-registration from August 2026 — so plan ahead and re-check a saved recipient before a time-critical transfer.\nBecause setup and registration are front-loaded, SMBC suits residents who will send repeatedly to the same beneficiaries rather than a one-off urgent payment.","url":"/en/remittance/smbc-international-transfers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mizuho-international-transfers:en","entityId":"guide:mizuho-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mizuho Bank international transfers","plainText":"Mizuho offers app-based remittance for eligible personal customers at ¥5,000 and branch service at ¥8,000–¥8,500; My Number is required, incoming transfers generally cost ¥2,500, and a recall is ¥5,500.\nMizuho’s app and branch remittance fees, beneficiary review, My Number requirement, incoming costs, and recall charges — and who the service fits.\nMizuho Direct app transfer is ¥5,000 for eligible personal customers; branch service is ¥8,000–¥8,500.\nSender-paid correspondent charge ¥2,500; amendment ¥4,500; recall ¥5,500.\nPersonal incoming charge is generally ¥2,500; conversion uses the bank’s applicable rate.\nMy Number must be registered; app enrolment and beneficiary review take several business days.\nFees and channels\nEligible personal customers can send through the Mizuho Direct app for ¥5,000. Branch service is ¥8,000 to Mizuho destinations and ¥8,500 to other banks. A sender-paid correspondent charge is ¥2,500, an amendment is ¥4,500, and a recall is ¥5,500. Personal incoming transfers generally cost ¥2,500, with conversion at the bank’s applicable rate.\nBusiness-purpose and ineligible-account restrictions apply, so confirm your account type is permitted before relying on the app channel.\nMy Number and setup time\nMy Number must be registered. App enrolment and beneficiary review take several business days, and the status is shown in the app. Because setup takes time and the fixed fee is high relative to small transfers, Mizuho fits existing customers making larger or recurring wires rather than small one-off payments.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/mizuho-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-international-transfers","guide:smbc-international-transfers","guide:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","guide:incoming-bank-fees"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/rate_fee/fee_furikomi.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/company/info/profile.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Mizuho offers app-based remittance for eligible personal customers at ¥5,000 and branch service at ¥8,000–¥8,500; My Number is required, incoming transfers generally cost ¥2,500, and a recall is ¥5,500.\nMizuho’s app and branch remittance fees, beneficiary review, My Number requirement, incoming costs, and recall charges — and who the service fits.\nMizuho Direct app transfer is ¥5,000 for eligible personal customers; branch service is ¥8,000–¥8,500.\nSender-paid correspondent charge ¥2,500; amendment ¥4,500; recall ¥5,500.\nPersonal incoming charge is generally ¥2,500; conversion uses the bank’s applicable rate.\nMy Number must be registered; app enrolment and beneficiary review take several business days.\nFees and channels\nEligible personal customers can send through the Mizuho Direct app for ¥5,000. Branch service is ¥8,000 to Mizuho destinations and ¥8,500 to other banks. A sender-paid correspondent charge is ¥2,500, an amendment is ¥4,500, and a recall is ¥5,500. Personal incoming transfers generally cost ¥2,500, with conversion at the bank’s applicable rate.\nBusiness-purpose and ineligible-account restrictions apply, so confirm your account type is permitted before relying on the app channel.\nMy Number and setup time\nMy Number must be registered. App enrolment and beneficiary review take several business days, and the status is shown in the app. Because setup takes time and the fixed fee is high relative to small transfers, Mizuho fits existing customers making larger or recurring wires rather than small one-off payments.","url":"/en/remittance/mizuho-international-transfers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-post-bank-international-transfers:en","entityId":"guide:japan-post-bank-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan Post Bank international transfers","plainText":"Japan Post Bank offers browser-based outgoing remittance at ¥3,000 per transaction (under ¥1m each, ¥2m/day, ¥5m/month), but the outgoing interface is Japanese-only; incoming English instructions support only USD and EUR with disclosed correspondent deductions.\nJapan Post Bank’s Japanese-only outgoing web service, its per-transaction and monthly limits, My Number requirement, and the USD/EUR-only incoming instructions with disclosed correspondent deductions.\nBrowser-based Yucho International Remittance for individual customers; ¥3,000 per outgoing transaction.\nLimits: under ¥1m per transaction, ¥2m per day, ¥5m per month; My Number required.\nThe outgoing website is Japanese-only and some fields must be entered in Japanese.\nIncoming instructions support USD and EUR only (BIC JPPSJPJ2); disclosed correspondent deductions of $10 (USD) and €5 (EUR).\nOutgoing service and limits\nJapan Post Bank offers browser-based Yucho International Remittance for individual account holders, at ¥3,000 per transaction using the bank’s published rate at application. Intermediary and beneficiary fees may be deducted on top. Limits are under ¥1 million per transaction, ¥2 million per day, and ¥5 million per month, and My Number is required.\nThe important constraint is language: the outgoing website is Japanese-only, and some entries must be made in Japanese. Corporate transactions cannot be made through an individual account.\nReceiving money at Japan Post Bank\nIncoming English instructions support USD and EUR. Use BIC JPPSJPJ2, the correctly formatted account number, and the registered English account name and address — the account-symbol/number conversion must be exact. Japan Post Bank discloses fixed correspondent deductions of $10 on qualifying USD receipts and €5 on qualifying EUR receipts, and warns that additional intermediary charges may also be deducted.\nBecause the incoming currency set is limited, confirm the sender can pay in USD or EUR before directing a salary or pension here.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/japan-post-bank-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:japan-post-bank"],"guides":["guide:rakuten-vs-japan-post","guide:incoming-bank-fees","guide:receive-international-transfer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Japan Post Bank offers browser-based outgoing remittance at ¥3,000 per transaction (under ¥1m each, ¥2m/day, ¥5m/month), but the outgoing interface is Japanese-only; incoming English instructions support only USD and EUR with disclosed correspondent deductions.\nJapan Post Bank’s Japanese-only outgoing web service, its per-transaction and monthly limits, My Number requirement, and the USD/EUR-only incoming instructions with disclosed correspondent deductions.\nBrowser-based Yucho International Remittance for individual customers; ¥3,000 per outgoing transaction.\nLimits: under ¥1m per transaction, ¥2m per day, ¥5m per month; My Number required.\nThe outgoing website is Japanese-only and some fields must be entered in Japanese.\nIncoming instructions support USD and EUR only (BIC JPPSJPJ2); disclosed correspondent deductions of $10 (USD) and €5 (EUR).\nOutgoing service and limits\nJapan Post Bank offers browser-based Yucho International Remittance for individual account holders, at ¥3,000 per transaction using the bank’s published rate at application. Intermediary and beneficiary fees may be deducted on top. Limits are under ¥1 million per transaction, ¥2 million per day, and ¥5 million per month, and My Number is required.\nThe important constraint is language: the outgoing website is Japanese-only, and some entries must be made in Japanese. Corporate transactions cannot be made through an individual account.\nReceiving money at Japan Post Bank\nIncoming English instructions support USD and EUR. Use BIC JPPSJPJ2, the correctly formatted account number, and the registered English account name and address — the account-symbol/number conversion must be exact. Japan Post Bank discloses fixed correspondent deductions of $10 on qualifying USD receipts and €5 on qualifying EUR receipts, and warns that additional intermediary charges may also be deducted.\nBecause the incoming currency set is limited, confirm the sender can pay in USD or EUR before directing a salary or pension here.","url":"/en/remittance/japan-post-bank-international-transfers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:prestia-international-transfers:en","entityId":"guide:prestia-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA international transfers","plainText":"PRESTIA offers strong English-language remittance and foreign-currency banking; standard online transfers are ¥3,500 (¥2,000 with a qualifying ¥1m relationship balance, free for Gold tiers), but online transfers cannot be used for corporate accounts or business-purpose funds.\nPRESTIA’s English-language remittance, fee tiers linked to balance, MultiMoney foreign-currency accounts, GLOBAL PASS, and the business-purpose restriction on online transfers.\nOnline, phone, branch, or mail remittance for personal customers; beneficiary pre-registration required for remote channels.\nStandard online ¥3,500; ¥2,000 with a qualifying ¥1m relationship balance; free for Gold tiers; branch generally ¥7,000.\n“Pay in full” correspondent instruction ¥1,500, but intermediaries can still charge.\nStrong English support; MultiMoney foreign-currency accounts and GLOBAL PASS multi-currency debit; no online business-purpose transfers.\nEnglish service and fee tiers\nPRESTIA (SMBC Trust Bank) is a leading English-language option for personal customers, with online, phone, branch, and mail remittance; remote channels require beneficiary pre-registration. Standard online transfers are ¥3,500, dropping to ¥2,000 with a qualifying ¥1 million relationship balance and free for Gold tiers. Branch service is generally ¥7,000.\nA “pay in full” correspondent instruction is available for ¥1,500, but intermediaries can still charge, so it improves — not guarantees — full arrival. Incoming foreign-currency receipts can be retained in a supported MultiMoney currency, though correspondent charges may remain.\nForeign currency and cards\nPRESTIA’s strength is foreign-currency operations: MultiMoney accounts hold multiple currencies, and GLOBAL PASS is a multi-currency Visa debit that supports overseas purchases and ATM withdrawals. The Global Pass transaction fee is listed as free, though ATM-owner and exchange charges may apply.\nThe key restriction: online transfers cannot be used for corporate accounts or business-purpose funds. Freelancers and businesses should confirm the permitted channel before using PRESTIA for client payments.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/prestia-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:smbc-prestia"],"guides":["guide:sony-bank-international-transfers","guide:prestia-vs-sony-bank","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/fees/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/overseas_remittance/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/globalpass/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"PRESTIA offers strong English-language remittance and foreign-currency banking; standard online transfers are ¥3,500 (¥2,000 with a qualifying ¥1m relationship balance, free for Gold tiers), but online transfers cannot be used for corporate accounts or business-purpose funds.\nPRESTIA’s English-language remittance, fee tiers linked to balance, MultiMoney foreign-currency accounts, GLOBAL PASS, and the business-purpose restriction on online transfers.\nOnline, phone, branch, or mail remittance for personal customers; beneficiary pre-registration required for remote channels.\nStandard online ¥3,500; ¥2,000 with a qualifying ¥1m relationship balance; free for Gold tiers; branch generally ¥7,000.\n“Pay in full” correspondent instruction ¥1,500, but intermediaries can still charge.\nStrong English support; MultiMoney foreign-currency accounts and GLOBAL PASS multi-currency debit; no online business-purpose transfers.\nEnglish service and fee tiers\nPRESTIA (SMBC Trust Bank) is a leading English-language option for personal customers, with online, phone, branch, and mail remittance; remote channels require beneficiary pre-registration. Standard online transfers are ¥3,500, dropping to ¥2,000 with a qualifying ¥1 million relationship balance and free for Gold tiers. Branch service is generally ¥7,000.\nA “pay in full” correspondent instruction is available for ¥1,500, but intermediaries can still charge, so it improves — not guarantees — full arrival. Incoming foreign-currency receipts can be retained in a supported MultiMoney currency, though correspondent charges may remain.\nForeign currency and cards\nPRESTIA’s strength is foreign-currency operations: MultiMoney accounts hold multiple currencies, and GLOBAL PASS is a multi-currency Visa debit that supports overseas purchases and ATM withdrawals. The Global Pass transaction fee is listed as free, though ATM-owner and exchange charges may apply.\nThe key restriction: online transfers cannot be used for corporate accounts or business-purpose funds. Freelancers and businesses should confirm the permitted channel before using PRESTIA for client payments.","url":"/en/remittance/prestia-international-transfers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sony-bank-international-transfers:en","entityId":"guide:sony-bank-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sony Bank international transfers","plainText":"Sony Bank offers around-the-clock online foreign remittance at ¥3,000 (up to three free monthly at Club S Platinum) across eleven sending currencies, receives eligible foreign salary and pensions, and pairs with the Sony Bank WALLET that spends directly from ten foreign-currency balances.\nSony Bank’s online foreign remittance, eleven sending currencies, receiving foreign salary and pensions, Club S fee benefits, and how the Sony Bank WALLET spends foreign-currency balances.\nOnline foreign remittance after beneficiary pre-registration; generally available around the clock outside maintenance.\n¥3,000 outgoing, up to three free per month at qualifying Club S Platinum status; eleven sending currencies advertised.\nReceives eligible foreign-currency salary, pension, insurance, and investment transfers, subject to review and account compatibility.\nSony Bank WALLET spends directly from ten supported foreign-currency balances; unsupported-currency or no-balance use costs 1.79%.\nRemittance and receiving\nSony Bank offers online foreign remittance after beneficiary pre-registration, generally available around the clock outside maintenance windows. The outgoing fee is ¥3,000, with up to three free transfers per month at qualifying Club S Platinum status, and eleven sending currencies are advertised (payment-bank charges remain separate).\nOn the receiving side, Sony Bank supports receipt of foreign-currency salary, pension, insurance, investment, and other eligible transfers, subject to review and account compatibility — making it a practical home for foreign income for Japan-resident individuals aged 15 or older under the cited product conditions.\nSony Bank WALLET abroad\nThe Sony Bank WALLET is a Visa debit that spends directly from ten supported foreign-currency accounts, with a “Yen Assist” feature that can automatically buy a supported currency when the balance is insufficient. When you spend from a matching balance, the conversion cost was already incurred when you funded it; spending an unsupported currency or with no matching balance costs 1.79%.\nAt ATMs, an unsupported or yen-funded withdrawal costs 1.79% plus ¥220, with a possible ATM-owner fee. A refund may return in foreign currency, and delayed merchant clearing can create an additional yen debit — so manage the foreign-currency balances actively.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/sony-bank-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:sony-bank"],"guides":["guide:prestia-international-transfers","guide:prestia-vs-sony-bank","guide:best-overseas-cards","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/guide/fct_transfer/04.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/guide/fct_transfer/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/visa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Sony Bank offers around-the-clock online foreign remittance at ¥3,000 (up to three free monthly at Club S Platinum) across eleven sending currencies, receives eligible foreign salary and pensions, and pairs with the Sony Bank WALLET that spends directly from ten foreign-currency balances.\nSony Bank’s online foreign remittance, eleven sending currencies, receiving foreign salary and pensions, Club S fee benefits, and how the Sony Bank WALLET spends foreign-currency balances.\nOnline foreign remittance after beneficiary pre-registration; generally available around the clock outside maintenance.\n¥3,000 outgoing, up to three free per month at qualifying Club S Platinum status; eleven sending currencies advertised.\nReceives eligible foreign-currency salary, pension, insurance, and investment transfers, subject to review and account compatibility.\nSony Bank WALLET spends directly from ten supported foreign-currency balances; unsupported-currency or no-balance use costs 1.79%.\nRemittance and receiving\nSony Bank offers online foreign remittance after beneficiary pre-registration, generally available around the clock outside maintenance windows. The outgoing fee is ¥3,000, with up to three free transfers per month at qualifying Club S Platinum status, and eleven sending currencies are advertised (payment-bank charges remain separate).\nOn the receiving side, Sony Bank supports receipt of foreign-currency salary, pension, insurance, investment, and other eligible transfers, subject to review and account compatibility — making it a practical home for foreign income for Japan-resident individuals aged 15 or older under the cited product conditions.\nSony Bank WALLET abroad\nThe Sony Bank WALLET is a Visa debit that spends directly from ten supported foreign-currency accounts, with a “Yen Assist” feature that can automatically buy a supported currency when the balance is insufficient. When you spend from a matching balance, the conversion cost was already incurred when you funded it; spending an unsupported currency or with no matching balance costs 1.79%.\nAt ATMs, an unsupported or yen-funded withdrawal costs 1.79% plus ¥220, with a possible ATM-owner fee. A refund may return in foreign currency, and delayed merchant clearing can create an additional yen debit — so manage the foreign-currency balances actively.","url":"/en/remittance/sony-bank-international-transfers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:send-money-abroad:en","entityId":"guide:send-money-abroad","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to send money abroad from Japan","plainText":"Choose a rail for your amount and destination, collect exact recipient details, compare providers on the recipient amount at the same moment, verify the beneficiary independently, fund by bank transfer, track the transfer, and keep the records.\nThe complete step-by-step process: choose the right rail, collect recipient details, compare quotes at the same time, verify the beneficiary, fund, track, and keep records.\nMatch the rail to the job: specialists for small transfers, banks or Type I services for large or documented ones.\nCollect the exact legal account name plus the destination’s identifier (IBAN, ABA, sort code, BSB, IFSC, or account/branch).\nCompare the recipient amount for the same total debit at the same time — not the advertised fee.\nVerify a new beneficiary independently, fund by bank transfer, and keep the receipt and FX record.\nThe seven steps\n1) Choose the rail. For a small personal remittance, compare specialists (Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai, Western Union). For a large or documented transfer, use a bank or a Type I provider. 2) Collect the recipient details: the exact legal account name and address, bank name, and the destination’s account identifier (IBAN and BIC in Europe, ABA routing number in the US, sort code in the UK, BSB in Australia, IFSC in India, or a domestic account and branch code) plus any required purpose or reference.\n3) Compare quotes at the same time for the same total debit, currency, destination, funding, and payout method. 4) Verify a new beneficiary independently — never act on an emailed change of bank details alone. 5) Fund the transfer, normally by bank transfer, which is usually cheaper than card funding. 6) Track it using the app or SWIFT reference. 7) Store the receipt, the exchange rate used, and any purpose documents for tax and dispute purposes.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/send-money-abroad","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:compare-transfer-quotes","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","guide:large-transfers-from-japan","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Choose a rail for your amount and destination, collect exact recipient details, compare providers on the recipient amount at the same moment, verify the beneficiary independently, fund by bank transfer, track the transfer, and keep the records.\nThe complete step-by-step process: choose the right rail, collect recipient details, compare quotes at the same time, verify the beneficiary, fund, track, and keep records.\nMatch the rail to the job: specialists for small transfers, banks or Type I services for large or documented ones.\nCollect the exact legal account name plus the destination’s identifier (IBAN, ABA, sort code, BSB, IFSC, or account/branch).\nCompare the recipient amount for the same total debit at the same time — not the advertised fee.\nVerify a new beneficiary independently, fund by bank transfer, and keep the receipt and FX record.\nThe seven steps\n1) Choose the rail. For a small personal remittance, compare specialists (Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai, Western Union). For a large or documented transfer, use a bank or a Type I provider. 2) Collect the recipient details: the exact legal account name and address, bank name, and the destination’s account identifier (IBAN and BIC in Europe, ABA routing number in the US, sort code in the UK, BSB in Australia, IFSC in India, or a domestic account and branch code) plus any required purpose or reference.\n3) Compare quotes at the same time for the same total debit, currency, destination, funding, and payout method. 4) Verify a new beneficiary independently — never act on an emailed change of bank details alone. 5) Fund the transfer, normally by bank transfer, which is usually cheaper than card funding. 6) Track it using the app or SWIFT reference. 7) Store the receipt, the exchange rate used, and any purpose documents for tax and dispute purposes.","url":"/en/remittance/send-money-abroad","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:receive-international-transfer:en","entityId":"guide:receive-international-transfer","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to receive an international transfer in Japan","plainText":"Give the sender your bank’s incoming SWIFT instructions (or local receiving details from a platform), confirm the accepted currency, expect incoming and intermediary fees, and remember that receiving money is taxed by what the money is — income, gift, or your own savings — not by the transfer itself.\nIncoming SWIFT instructions, local receiving details, supported currencies, incoming fees and intermediary deductions, tax characterization, and how to track a payment on its way to you.\nTo receive by SWIFT, give the sender your bank’s BIC, account number/format, and registered English name and address.\nPlatforms (Wise, Payoneer) can provide local receiving details in some currencies so the sender pays as if domestically.\nExpect an incoming-transfer fee and possible intermediary deductions; some banks limit incoming currencies (Japan Post: USD/EUR).\nReceiving money is not itself the taxable event — tax follows whether it is salary, a gift, inheritance, or your own savings.\nGiving the sender the right details\nFor a bank SWIFT receipt, provide your bank’s BIC/SWIFT code, the correctly formatted account number, and the registered English account name and address — these must match exactly or the payment can be delayed or returned. Japan Post Bank, for example, uses BIC JPPSJPJ2 and supports USD and EUR incoming, with disclosed correspondent deductions of $10 (USD) and €5 (EUR).\nAlternatively, a platform such as Wise or Payoneer can give you local receiving details in certain currencies, letting the sender pay as if making a domestic transfer and avoiding some correspondent deductions. Confirm the accepted currency before directing a salary or pension, and expect an incoming-transfer fee plus possible intermediary charges.\nTax character and tracking\nAn incoming transfer is not taxed merely because it arrives. Tax follows the underlying nature of the money: salary is income, a gratuitous transfer may be a gift, inherited funds may involve inheritance tax, and moving your own savings between accounts is generally not new income. Keep the originating document — payslip, invoice, sale agreement, or account statement — because a remittance receipt alone is not sufficient tax evidence.\nIf the money is late, ask the sender for the transfer reference and, for a SWIFT wire, have them ask their bank to trace it; gpi tracking may be available at the institutional level.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/receive-international-transfer","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:japan-post-bank"],"guides":["guide:foreign-salary-in-japan","guide:freelance-payments-from-overseas","guide:incoming-bank-fees","guide:are-transfers-taxable"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Payoneer","url":"https://www.payoneer.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Give the sender your bank’s incoming SWIFT instructions (or local receiving details from a platform), confirm the accepted currency, expect incoming and intermediary fees, and remember that receiving money is taxed by what the money is — income, gift, or your own savings — not by the transfer itself.\nIncoming SWIFT instructions, local receiving details, supported currencies, incoming fees and intermediary deductions, tax characterization, and how to track a payment on its way to you.\nTo receive by SWIFT, give the sender your bank’s BIC, account number/format, and registered English name and address.\nPlatforms (Wise, Payoneer) can provide local receiving details in some currencies so the sender pays as if domestically.\nExpect an incoming-transfer fee and possible intermediary deductions; some banks limit incoming currencies (Japan Post: USD/EUR).\nReceiving money is not itself the taxable event — tax follows whether it is salary, a gift, inheritance, or your own savings.\nGiving the sender the right details\nFor a bank SWIFT receipt, provide your bank’s BIC/SWIFT code, the correctly formatted account number, and the registered English account name and address — these must match exactly or the payment can be delayed or returned. Japan Post Bank, for example, uses BIC JPPSJPJ2 and supports USD and EUR incoming, with disclosed correspondent deductions of $10 (USD) and €5 (EUR).\nAlternatively, a platform such as Wise or Payoneer can give you local receiving details in certain currencies, letting the sender pay as if making a domestic transfer and avoiding some correspondent deductions. Confirm the accepted currency before directing a salary or pension, and expect an incoming-transfer fee plus possible intermediary charges.\nTax character and tracking\nAn incoming transfer is not taxed merely because it arrives. Tax follows the underlying nature of the money: salary is income, a gratuitous transfer may be a gift, inherited funds may involve inheritance tax, and moving your own savings between accounts is generally not new income. Keep the originating document — payslip, invoice, sale agreement, or account statement — because a remittance receipt alone is not sufficient tax evidence.\nIf the money is late, ask the sender for the transfer reference and, for a SWIFT wire, have them ask their bank to trace it; gpi tracking may be available at the institutional level.","url":"/en/remittance/receive-international-transfer","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan:en","entityId":"guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Cheapest way to send money from Japan","plainText":"There is no universal cheapest provider — the winner depends on amount, corridor, funding, and payout method — so compare the recipient amount for your exact transfer at the same time; specialists usually win small transfers and negotiated-FX banks win large ones.\nWhy there is no context-free cheapest provider, how cost changes with amount and corridor, and a same-time method to find the cheapest route for your specific transfer.\nNo provider is universally cheapest; the winner changes with amount, corridor, funding, and payout method.\nFor small transfers, fixed bank fees dominate, so specialists (Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai, Western Union) usually win.\nFor large transfers, the FX margin dominates, so a negotiated bank rate or a low-markup Type I provider usually wins.\nFund by bank transfer, exclude first-transfer promotions, and compare the recipient amount at the same moment.\nWhy the answer is “it depends”\nTotal cost, recipient amount, and timing depend on the amount, the currency pair, the funding and delivery method, and the moment you quote. A corridor-specific remittance company may beat a multi-currency platform for a ¥30,000 cash payout to the Philippines, while a bank or Type I provider may be more appropriate for a ¥30 million documented property transaction. That is why any honest “cheapest” page is a method, not a fixed ranking.\nThe structural rule: on small transfers, fixed sending, correspondent, and recipient fees are a large percentage, so a specialist that collects and pays locally usually wins. On large transfers, the exchange-rate margin scales with the amount and dominates, so negotiating the FX rate or comparing low-markup providers saves more than shaving the fee.\nThe same-time method\nGet quotes from several providers within the same minute for the same total sender debit, currency, destination, funding method, and payout method, then compare the recipient amount (the effective rate). Fund by bank transfer to avoid card-acquiring costs, and record first-transfer promotions on a separate line so they do not distort the ongoing-cost comparison.\nFor a small remittance, start with the specialist shortlist; for a large one, add your bank and ask about a negotiated rate. Use the transfer-cost worksheet approach to turn the recipient amounts into a total effective cost and pick the cheapest for that specific transfer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:compare-transfer-quotes","guide:transfer-fees-explained","guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true},{"publisher":"European Central Bank","url":"https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html","official":false}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"There is no universal cheapest provider — the winner depends on amount, corridor, funding, and payout method — so compare the recipient amount for your exact transfer at the same time; specialists usually win small transfers and negotiated-FX banks win large ones.\nWhy there is no context-free cheapest provider, how cost changes with amount and corridor, and a same-time method to find the cheapest route for your specific transfer.\nNo provider is universally cheapest; the winner changes with amount, corridor, funding, and payout method.\nFor small transfers, fixed bank fees dominate, so specialists (Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai, Western Union) usually win.\nFor large transfers, the FX margin dominates, so a negotiated bank rate or a low-markup Type I provider usually wins.\nFund by bank transfer, exclude first-transfer promotions, and compare the recipient amount at the same moment.\nWhy the answer is “it depends”\nTotal cost, recipient amount, and timing depend on the amount, the currency pair, the funding and delivery method, and the moment you quote. A corridor-specific remittance company may beat a multi-currency platform for a ¥30,000 cash payout to the Philippines, while a bank or Type I provider may be more appropriate for a ¥30 million documented property transaction. That is why any honest “cheapest” page is a method, not a fixed ranking.\nThe structural rule: on small transfers, fixed sending, correspondent, and recipient fees are a large percentage, so a specialist that collects and pays locally usually wins. On large transfers, the exchange-rate margin scales with the amount and dominates, so negotiating the FX rate or comparing low-markup providers saves more than shaving the fee.\nThe same-time method\nGet quotes from several providers within the same minute for the same total sender debit, currency, destination, funding method, and payout method, then compare the recipient amount (the effective rate). Fund by bank transfer to avoid card-acquiring costs, and record first-transfer promotions on a separate line so they do not distort the ongoing-cost comparison.\nFor a small remittance, start with the specialist shortlist; for a large one, add your bank and ask about a negotiated rate. Use the transfer-cost worksheet approach to turn the recipient amounts into a total effective cost and pick the cheapest for that specific transfer.","url":"/en/remittance/cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:large-transfers-from-japan:en","entityId":"guide:large-transfers-from-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How to make a large international transfer from Japan","plainText":"For a large transfer, use a Type I provider or a bank, obtain same-time written quotes and ask for a negotiated FX rate, pre-clear source-of-funds documents, verify the beneficiary independently, and start weeks ahead — because on large amounts the exchange margin, not the fixed fee, is the main cost.\nSending more than ¥1 million: Type I services and banks, negotiating the FX rate, preparing source-of-funds documents, verifying the beneficiary, timelines, and when to involve a professional.\nAbove ¥1m, use a Type I provider (Wise up to ¥150m for qualifying transfers) or a bank; expect enhanced review.\nThe FX margin dominates cost on large amounts — ask the bank about a negotiated or market-linked rate.\nPre-clear source-of-funds documents and verify the beneficiary independently before sending.\nStart weeks ahead where beneficiary registration, source review, or a closing date is involved; send a small test first.\nRoute and rate\nSending more than ¥1 million generally requires a Type I funds-transfer service or a bank. Wise supports qualifying Japan-based Type I transfers up to ¥150 million; Kyodai lists a Type I maximum of ¥10 million subject to review; major banks handle large wires and can offer market-linked rates above a threshold (Resona, for example, notes market-linked treatment for large transactions).\nOn a large amount the exchange-rate margin is the main cost — it scales with the amount, while the fixed fee does not. Obtain same-time written quotes from a bank and a Type I provider, and explicitly ask the bank whether a negotiated FX rate is available before you confirm.\nDocuments, verification, and timeline\nPrepare source-of-funds documentation in advance — payslips, tax returns, savings history, a sale agreement, or probate documents that show how the money accumulated without unexplained gaps. Large transactions routinely trigger enhanced review, and a clear document trail is the fastest way through it.\nVerify the beneficiary independently, especially for property: confirm account details with the lawyer, notary, title company, or seller through an independently sourced contact, never on an emailed change alone. Start weeks ahead where beneficiary registration, source review, bank holidays, or a closing date apply, and send a small test payment first unless the beneficiary prohibits partial payments. For inheritance, property, gifts, trusts, or U.S. tax exposure, involve a cross-border professional.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/large-transfers-from-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:transfer-limits-japan","guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"Resona Bank, Limited","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/gaika/kaigai_soukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Unidos Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.kyodai-remittance.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"For a large transfer, use a Type I provider or a bank, obtain same-time written quotes and ask for a negotiated FX rate, pre-clear source-of-funds documents, verify the beneficiary independently, and start weeks ahead — because on large amounts the exchange margin, not the fixed fee, is the main cost.\nSending more than ¥1 million: Type I services and banks, negotiating the FX rate, preparing source-of-funds documents, verifying the beneficiary, timelines, and when to involve a professional.\nAbove ¥1m, use a Type I provider (Wise up to ¥150m for qualifying transfers) or a bank; expect enhanced review.\nThe FX margin dominates cost on large amounts — ask the bank about a negotiated or market-linked rate.\nPre-clear source-of-funds documents and verify the beneficiary independently before sending.\nStart weeks ahead where beneficiary registration, source review, or a closing date is involved; send a small test first.\nRoute and rate\nSending more than ¥1 million generally requires a Type I funds-transfer service or a bank. Wise supports qualifying Japan-based Type I transfers up to ¥150 million; Kyodai lists a Type I maximum of ¥10 million subject to review; major banks handle large wires and can offer market-linked rates above a threshold (Resona, for example, notes market-linked treatment for large transactions).\nOn a large amount the exchange-rate margin is the main cost — it scales with the amount, while the fixed fee does not. Obtain same-time written quotes from a bank and a Type I provider, and explicitly ask the bank whether a negotiated FX rate is available before you confirm.\nDocuments, verification, and timeline\nPrepare source-of-funds documentation in advance — payslips, tax returns, savings history, a sale agreement, or probate documents that show how the money accumulated without unexplained gaps. Large transactions routinely trigger enhanced review, and a clear document trail is the fastest way through it.\nVerify the beneficiary independently, especially for property: confirm account details with the lawyer, notary, title company, or seller through an independently sourced contact, never on an emailed change alone. Start weeks ahead where beneficiary registration, source review, bank holidays, or a closing date apply, and send a small test payment first unless the beneficiary prohibits partial payments. For inheritance, property, gifts, trusts, or U.S. tax exposure, involve a cross-border professional.","url":"/en/remittance/large-transfers-from-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:emergency-transfers-from-japan:en","entityId":"guide:emergency-transfers-from-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Emergency international money transfers","plainText":"For a genuine emergency, use a trackable cash-pickup provider (Western Union, SBI Remit/MoneyGram, Kyodai/Ria, or a corridor-specific app), confirm the recipient’s exact legal name and ID and the local cap before paying, send the minimum, and verify any claimed emergency through a separate channel first.\nGetting cash to someone fast and safely: cash-pickup networks, tracking codes, recipient identification, and the fraud checks that matter most when there is time pressure.\nCash pickup via Western Union, SBI Remit/MoneyGram, Kyodai/Ria, or corridor-specific Smiles/DCOM reaches unbanked recipients fast.\nConfirm the recipient’s exact legal name and ID, the pickup location’s hours, cash stock, and local cap before sending.\nUse a provider with a tracking code (MTCN or app tracker) and send only the minimum necessary.\n“Instant” is an estimate; compliance and agent availability can still delay a payout.\nHow to send emergency cash\nFor an unbanked recipient or a genuine emergency, cash pickup is the fastest route. Western Union, SBI Remit with MoneyGram reach, Kyodai over the Ria network, and corridor-specific Smiles or DCOM cash pickup can pay out quickly. Before you pay, confirm the recipient’s exact legal name and ID, the pickup location and its hours, whether it has cash in stock, and the local cash-pickup cap — a mismatch on any of these can block the payout.\nUse a provider with a tracking code (Western Union’s MTCN or an app tracker), send the minimum necessary, and never disclose the pickup number publicly. Remember that “minutes” is an estimate; compliance review and agent availability still control the actual payout.\nThe emergency-scam checklist\nEmergencies are a favourite of scammers precisely because they create time pressure. Verify the alleged emergency through a separate, known channel before sending — call the person on a number you already have, not the one in the message. Treat requests for gift cards, crypto, or transfer to an unrelated “agent” as likely fraud, and never share one-time passwords or the pickup code.\nA transfer receipt proves you initiated a payment, not that the right person collected it. If anything feels rushed or secretive, stop and confirm.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/emergency-transfers-from-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:western-union-japan-review","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud","guide:western-union-vs-apps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Western Union","url":"https://www.westernunion.com/jp/en/web/send-money/start","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true},{"publisher":"Unidos Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.kyodai-remittance.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"For a genuine emergency, use a trackable cash-pickup provider (Western Union, SBI Remit/MoneyGram, Kyodai/Ria, or a corridor-specific app), confirm the recipient’s exact legal name and ID and the local cap before paying, send the minimum, and verify any claimed emergency through a separate channel first.\nGetting cash to someone fast and safely: cash-pickup networks, tracking codes, recipient identification, and the fraud checks that matter most when there is time pressure.\nCash pickup via Western Union, SBI Remit/MoneyGram, Kyodai/Ria, or corridor-specific Smiles/DCOM reaches unbanked recipients fast.\nConfirm the recipient’s exact legal name and ID, the pickup location’s hours, cash stock, and local cap before sending.\nUse a provider with a tracking code (MTCN or app tracker) and send only the minimum necessary.\n“Instant” is an estimate; compliance and agent availability can still delay a payout.\nHow to send emergency cash\nFor an unbanked recipient or a genuine emergency, cash pickup is the fastest route. Western Union, SBI Remit with MoneyGram reach, Kyodai over the Ria network, and corridor-specific Smiles or DCOM cash pickup can pay out quickly. Before you pay, confirm the recipient’s exact legal name and ID, the pickup location and its hours, whether it has cash in stock, and the local cash-pickup cap — a mismatch on any of these can block the payout.\nUse a provider with a tracking code (Western Union’s MTCN or an app tracker), send the minimum necessary, and never disclose the pickup number publicly. Remember that “minutes” is an estimate; compliance review and agent availability still control the actual payout.\nThe emergency-scam checklist\nEmergencies are a favourite of scammers precisely because they create time pressure. Verify the alleged emergency through a separate, known channel before sending — call the person on a number you already have, not the one in the message. Treat requests for gift cards, crypto, or transfer to an unrelated “agent” as likely fraud, and never share one-time passwords or the pickup code.\nA transfer receipt proves you initiated a payment, not that the right person collected it. If anything feels rushed or secretive, stop and confirm.","url":"/en/remittance/emergency-transfers-from-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-salary-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:foreign-salary-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Receiving a foreign salary in Japan","plainText":"Ask first whether the employer can make a domestic JPY payroll transfer; if not, whether it accepts local receiving details from Wise or Payoneer; and if not, give a Japanese bank’s incoming SWIFT instructions — but keep payslips and remember foreign salary is not tax-free just because it is paid or held abroad.\nThe order of inquiry for getting paid from abroad — domestic payroll, platform receiving details, or a Japanese bank SWIFT account — plus the records to keep and why leaving salary abroad does not make it tax-free.\nOrder of inquiry: domestic JPY payroll → platform local receiving details → Japanese bank incoming SWIFT.\nThe employer must accept the route and, for salary, usually needs an account legally in the employee’s name.\nRun a small test payment and confirm the accepted currency and where conversion happens.\nForeign salary can be taxable in Japan depending on residence status; leaving it abroad or in a wallet does not make it tax-free.\nThe order of inquiry\nWork through these in order. 1) Ask whether the employer can make a domestic JPY payroll transfer into a Japanese bank account — simplest and cheapest. 2) If salary is paid abroad, ask whether the employer accepts local receiving details supplied by Wise or Payoneer, which can avoid correspondent deductions. 3) If not, provide a Japanese bank’s incoming SWIFT instructions and confirm the accepted currency (some banks, like Japan Post, only take USD or EUR). 4) State whether conversion should occur before sending, at an intermediary, or at the Japanese bank. 5) Run a small test payment. 6) Retain the employment contract, payslip, transfer advice, FX statement, and bank credit record.\nWhichever route you use, the employer must accept it, and for salary the receiving account usually needs to be legally in the employee’s name — payroll systems may not accept a payment-platform account for formal employment.\nTax: abroad is not tax-free\nA foreign salary is not made nontaxable merely because it is left abroad or paid through a wallet. Japanese taxation depends on your residence status, source rules, and, for non-permanent residents, statutory remittance rules that are not a simple “same dollars entered Japan” test. Residents other than non-permanent residents are generally taxed on worldwide income; nonresidents are generally taxed on Japanese-source income.\nKeep every record — contract, payslips, transfer advice, and the exchange rate used — because you may need them to report income and, where relevant, claim a foreign tax credit. For non-permanent-resident remittance treatment, get a Japan international-tax professional before assuming income is untaxed.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/foreign-salary-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:sony-bank","product:wise"],"guides":["guide:receive-international-transfer","guide:freelance-payments-from-overseas","guide:are-transfers-taxable","guide:sony-bank-international-transfers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Payoneer","url":"https://www.payoneer.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/7kL1cM6NQ2LQPMs3kV2X5j/wise-in-japan","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Ask first whether the employer can make a domestic JPY payroll transfer; if not, whether it accepts local receiving details from Wise or Payoneer; and if not, give a Japanese bank’s incoming SWIFT instructions — but keep payslips and remember foreign salary is not tax-free just because it is paid or held abroad.\nThe order of inquiry for getting paid from abroad — domestic payroll, platform receiving details, or a Japanese bank SWIFT account — plus the records to keep and why leaving salary abroad does not make it tax-free.\nOrder of inquiry: domestic JPY payroll → platform local receiving details → Japanese bank incoming SWIFT.\nThe employer must accept the route and, for salary, usually needs an account legally in the employee’s name.\nRun a small test payment and confirm the accepted currency and where conversion happens.\nForeign salary can be taxable in Japan depending on residence status; leaving it abroad or in a wallet does not make it tax-free.\nThe order of inquiry\nWork through these in order. 1) Ask whether the employer can make a domestic JPY payroll transfer into a Japanese bank account — simplest and cheapest. 2) If salary is paid abroad, ask whether the employer accepts local receiving details supplied by Wise or Payoneer, which can avoid correspondent deductions. 3) If not, provide a Japanese bank’s incoming SWIFT instructions and confirm the accepted currency (some banks, like Japan Post, only take USD or EUR). 4) State whether conversion should occur before sending, at an intermediary, or at the Japanese bank. 5) Run a small test payment. 6) Retain the employment contract, payslip, transfer advice, FX statement, and bank credit record.\nWhichever route you use, the employer must accept it, and for salary the receiving account usually needs to be legally in the employee’s name — payroll systems may not accept a payment-platform account for formal employment.\nTax: abroad is not tax-free\nA foreign salary is not made nontaxable merely because it is left abroad or paid through a wallet. Japanese taxation depends on your residence status, source rules, and, for non-permanent residents, statutory remittance rules that are not a simple “same dollars entered Japan” test. Residents other than non-permanent residents are generally taxed on worldwide income; nonresidents are generally taxed on Japanese-source income.\nKeep every record — contract, payslips, transfer advice, and the exchange rate used — because you may need them to report income and, where relevant, claim a foreign tax credit. For non-permanent-resident remittance treatment, get a Japan international-tax professional before assuming income is untaxed.","url":"/en/remittance/foreign-salary-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:freelance-payments-from-overseas:en","entityId":"guide:freelance-payments-from-overseas","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Receiving freelance payments from overseas","plainText":"Use a business or professionally permitted account — Wise Business, Payoneer, PayPal, or a Japanese business bank account — invoice with full legal details, and keep contracts, platform statements, fees, and the exchange rate used for your accounting.\nGetting paid by international clients through Wise Business, Payoneer, PayPal, or a Japanese business account — what each does well, the invoice details to include, and the records to keep for tax.\nUse an account whose terms permit business receipts; do not route business income through a personal-only remittance product.\nWise Business and Payoneer can give clients local receiving details; PayPal helps where clients already use it and disputes matter.\nAn invoice should state legal names, addresses, service period and description, currency, amount, invoice number, and payment details.\nKeep contracts, delivery evidence, platform statements, fees, and the exchange rate used — a remittance receipt alone is not tax evidence.\nChoosing the channel\nRoute freelance income through a business or professionally permitted account, not a product whose terms prohibit business use. Wise Business and Payoneer can provide local-style receiving details in several currencies, reducing client friction and avoiding some correspondent deductions; Payoneer is strong for marketplaces and clients that prefer local account details. PayPal is convenient where clients already use it and where buyer/seller dispute tools matter, but its cross-border and conversion costs can be higher for routine currency conversion. A Japanese business bank account is the most formal option and may be required for certain clients.\nCompare on client payment friction, conversion cost, withdrawal fee, dispute rights, reserve/review risk, and how cleanly each exports to your accounting.\nInvoices and records\nA freelance invoice should state the legal names and addresses of both parties, the service period and description, the currency, the amount, an invoice number, the due date, and the payment instructions. Clear invoices also help satisfy source-of-funds questions if a provider reviews the payment.\nFor accounting and Japanese tax, record gross revenue, payment-processing or bank fees, the net receipt, and the exchange rate used under your accounting method. Keep contracts, client communications, proof of delivery, and platform statements — freelance income can be taxable even when paid abroad or held in a foreign wallet, and a remittance receipt alone is not sufficient tax evidence.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/freelance-payments-from-overseas","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise-business","product:wise"],"guides":["guide:payoneer-vs-wise-vs-paypal","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan","guide:receive-international-transfer","guide:are-transfers-taxable"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Payoneer","url":"https://www.payoneer.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPal","url":"https://www.paypal.com/jp/webapps/mpp/home","official":true},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/jp/business/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Use a business or professionally permitted account — Wise Business, Payoneer, PayPal, or a Japanese business bank account — invoice with full legal details, and keep contracts, platform statements, fees, and the exchange rate used for your accounting.\nGetting paid by international clients through Wise Business, Payoneer, PayPal, or a Japanese business account — what each does well, the invoice details to include, and the records to keep for tax.\nUse an account whose terms permit business receipts; do not route business income through a personal-only remittance product.\nWise Business and Payoneer can give clients local receiving details; PayPal helps where clients already use it and disputes matter.\nAn invoice should state legal names, addresses, service period and description, currency, amount, invoice number, and payment details.\nKeep contracts, delivery evidence, platform statements, fees, and the exchange rate used — a remittance receipt alone is not tax evidence.\nChoosing the channel\nRoute freelance income through a business or professionally permitted account, not a product whose terms prohibit business use. Wise Business and Payoneer can provide local-style receiving details in several currencies, reducing client friction and avoiding some correspondent deductions; Payoneer is strong for marketplaces and clients that prefer local account details. PayPal is convenient where clients already use it and where buyer/seller dispute tools matter, but its cross-border and conversion costs can be higher for routine currency conversion. A Japanese business bank account is the most formal option and may be required for certain clients.\nCompare on client payment friction, conversion cost, withdrawal fee, dispute rights, reserve/review risk, and how cleanly each exports to your accounting.\nInvoices and records\nA freelance invoice should state the legal names and addresses of both parties, the service period and description, the currency, the amount, an invoice number, the due date, and the payment instructions. Clear invoices also help satisfy source-of-funds questions if a provider reviews the payment.\nFor accounting and Japanese tax, record gross revenue, payment-processing or bank fees, the net receipt, and the exchange rate used under your accounting method. Keep contracts, client communications, proof of delivery, and platform statements — freelance income can be taxable even when paid abroad or held in a foreign wallet, and a remittance receipt alone is not sufficient tax evidence.","url":"/en/remittance/freelance-payments-from-overseas","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-multi-currency-accounts:en","entityId":"guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best multi-currency accounts in Japan","plainText":"Wise gives the broadest currency coverage and app conversion, Revolut the best card and travel functions, and Sony Bank and PRESTIA offer conventional foreign-currency bank deposits — and wallets and bank deposits carry different limits and legal protections.\nWallets versus bank deposits — Wise, Revolut, Sony Bank, and PRESTIA — compared on supported currencies, holding limits, cards, receiving details, and the different legal protections that matter for savings.\nWise: broadest currency coverage (40+), transparent conversion, local receiving details subject to eligibility; Japan holding limit defaults to ¥1m.\nRevolut: strong app, card controls, and travel use; watch market-hour and allowance rules.\nSony Bank and PRESTIA: conventional foreign-currency bank deposits with statements and branch support.\nA wallet balance and a bank deposit have different holding limits and legal protections — the distinction matters for savings.\nWallet versus bank deposit\nA multi-currency wallet (Wise, Revolut) holds balances in many currencies, may give local receiving details, and pairs with a card — but it is not necessarily a bank deposit, and it may have holding limits and narrower protection. A foreign-currency bank deposit (Sony Bank, PRESTIA) is a conventional deposit with statements and branch support, better for foreign salary or pension receipt and direct bank-to-bank foreign-currency transfers.\nFor breadth and app conversion, Wise leads with 40+ currencies, though a Japan address defaults to a ¥1 million total holding limit (temporarily raisable). Revolut leads on card and travel functions. Sony and PRESTIA lead where you want a real deposit relationship. The legal-protection difference matters most if you intend to hold significant savings.\nChoosing for your use\nFor travel and everyday multi-currency spending, a wallet with a good card (Wise or Revolut) is usually best. For receiving a foreign salary or pension and holding it as a real deposit, a bank (Sony or PRESTIA) fits better. Many residents keep both — a bank deposit for income and long-term holding, and a wallet for conversion and travel.\nCompare supported currencies, holding limits, card conversion cost, ATM allowances, incoming receiving details, and deposit protection before committing a large balance to any one product.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/best-multi-currency-accounts","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut","product:sony-bank","product:smbc-prestia"],"guides":["guide:wise-vs-revolut","guide:best-overseas-cards","guide:currency-risk-when-to-convert","guide:prestia-vs-sony-bank"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"Revolut","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/standard-fees/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/guide/fct_transfer/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/overseas_remittance/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Wise gives the broadest currency coverage and app conversion, Revolut the best card and travel functions, and Sony Bank and PRESTIA offer conventional foreign-currency bank deposits — and wallets and bank deposits carry different limits and legal protections.\nWallets versus bank deposits — Wise, Revolut, Sony Bank, and PRESTIA — compared on supported currencies, holding limits, cards, receiving details, and the different legal protections that matter for savings.\nWise: broadest currency coverage (40+), transparent conversion, local receiving details subject to eligibility; Japan holding limit defaults to ¥1m.\nRevolut: strong app, card controls, and travel use; watch market-hour and allowance rules.\nSony Bank and PRESTIA: conventional foreign-currency bank deposits with statements and branch support.\nA wallet balance and a bank deposit have different holding limits and legal protections — the distinction matters for savings.\nWallet versus bank deposit\nA multi-currency wallet (Wise, Revolut) holds balances in many currencies, may give local receiving details, and pairs with a card — but it is not necessarily a bank deposit, and it may have holding limits and narrower protection. A foreign-currency bank deposit (Sony Bank, PRESTIA) is a conventional deposit with statements and branch support, better for foreign salary or pension receipt and direct bank-to-bank foreign-currency transfers.\nFor breadth and app conversion, Wise leads with 40+ currencies, though a Japan address defaults to a ¥1 million total holding limit (temporarily raisable). Revolut leads on card and travel functions. Sony and PRESTIA lead where you want a real deposit relationship. The legal-protection difference matters most if you intend to hold significant savings.\nChoosing for your use\nFor travel and everyday multi-currency spending, a wallet with a good card (Wise or Revolut) is usually best. For receiving a foreign salary or pension and holding it as a real deposit, a bank (Sony or PRESTIA) fits better. Many residents keep both — a bank deposit for income and long-term holding, and a wallet for conversion and travel.\nCompare supported currencies, holding limits, card conversion cost, ATM allowances, incoming receiving details, and deposit protection before committing a large balance to any one product.","url":"/en/remittance/best-multi-currency-accounts","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-overseas-cards:en","entityId":"guide:best-overseas-cards","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best cards for overseas spending from Japan","plainText":"Use a low-markup debit product (Sony Bank WALLET 1.79% on unsupported currencies, PRESTIA Global Pass, Wise, or Revolut within allowances) for spending and ATMs, carry a credit card on a different network as backup and for protection, and always choose the local currency to avoid DCC.\nDebit versus credit abroad, issuer FX fees compared, weekend charges, ATM costs, and a two-card backup strategy — with the published percentages for Sony Bank WALLET, PRESTIA Global Pass, Wise, Revolut, and typical Japanese credit cards.\nDebit with a matching foreign-currency balance is usually cheapest; typical Japanese credit cards add roughly 3.6%–3.9% for FX.\nSony Bank WALLET charges 1.79% on an unsupported currency or with no matching balance; PRESTIA Global Pass lists no bank transaction fee.\nRevolut Standard adds 1% outside market hours; Wise advises choosing local currency at ATMs.\nCarry two cards on different networks, keep one separate, and always decline DCC (pay in local currency).\nHow the cards compare\nFor a ¥100,000-equivalent purchase, the published or modeled costs illustrate the spread: Sony Bank WALLET is 1.79% (¥1,790) when there is no matching foreign-currency balance; an example SMBC card is 3.63% (¥3,630); the EPOS card is 3.85% (¥3,850); Revolut Standard is a listed 0% exchange fee for regular customers during market hours within allowances, rising by 1% outside market hours; and merchant DCC at an illustrative 6% would be ¥6,000. Spending a matching balance on Sony Bank WALLET or PRESTIA Global Pass means the conversion cost was already incurred when you funded it.\nAt ATMs, add the issuer fee, a percentage FX fee, the ATM-owner surcharge, and any DCC. PRESTIA’s Global Pass lists no bank-side transaction fee (owner and exchange charges may still apply); Wise and Revolut depend on your allowance; Sony Bank WALLET adds ¥220 on an unsupported or yen-funded withdrawal on top of the 1.79%.\nThe two-card strategy\nCarry at least two cards on different networks, store one separately, and know each PIN. Use a low-markup debit product for spending and ATMs, and keep a credit card for its purchase protections, hotel and rental deposits, and as a backup — credit is generally more expensive for pure FX but valuable for disputes and holds. Avoid credit-card cash advances abroad, which add interest from the transaction date plus ATM and FX charges.\nWhatever card you use, always choose the local currency and decline DCC at the point of sale and the ATM — declining does not remove your issuer’s FX fee but removes the extra merchant/ATM markup on top of it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/best-overseas-cards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:sony-bank","product:smbc-prestia","product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:dynamic-currency-conversion","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:sony-bank-international-transfers","guide:prestia-international-transfers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/visa/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/globalpass/","official":true},{"publisher":"EPOS Card","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/en/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/support/kaigai/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Revolut","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/standard-fees/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Use a low-markup debit product (Sony Bank WALLET 1.79% on unsupported currencies, PRESTIA Global Pass, Wise, or Revolut within allowances) for spending and ATMs, carry a credit card on a different network as backup and for protection, and always choose the local currency to avoid DCC.\nDebit versus credit abroad, issuer FX fees compared, weekend charges, ATM costs, and a two-card backup strategy — with the published percentages for Sony Bank WALLET, PRESTIA Global Pass, Wise, Revolut, and typical Japanese credit cards.\nDebit with a matching foreign-currency balance is usually cheapest; typical Japanese credit cards add roughly 3.6%–3.9% for FX.\nSony Bank WALLET charges 1.79% on an unsupported currency or with no matching balance; PRESTIA Global Pass lists no bank transaction fee.\nRevolut Standard adds 1% outside market hours; Wise advises choosing local currency at ATMs.\nCarry two cards on different networks, keep one separate, and always decline DCC (pay in local currency).\nHow the cards compare\nFor a ¥100,000-equivalent purchase, the published or modeled costs illustrate the spread: Sony Bank WALLET is 1.79% (¥1,790) when there is no matching foreign-currency balance; an example SMBC card is 3.63% (¥3,630); the EPOS card is 3.85% (¥3,850); Revolut Standard is a listed 0% exchange fee for regular customers during market hours within allowances, rising by 1% outside market hours; and merchant DCC at an illustrative 6% would be ¥6,000. Spending a matching balance on Sony Bank WALLET or PRESTIA Global Pass means the conversion cost was already incurred when you funded it.\nAt ATMs, add the issuer fee, a percentage FX fee, the ATM-owner surcharge, and any DCC. PRESTIA’s Global Pass lists no bank-side transaction fee (owner and exchange charges may still apply); Wise and Revolut depend on your allowance; Sony Bank WALLET adds ¥220 on an unsupported or yen-funded withdrawal on top of the 1.79%.\nThe two-card strategy\nCarry at least two cards on different networks, store one separately, and know each PIN. Use a low-markup debit product for spending and ATMs, and keep a credit card for its purchase protections, hotel and rental deposits, and as a backup — credit is generally more expensive for pure FX but valuable for disputes and holds. Avoid credit-card cash advances abroad, which add interest from the transaction date plus ATM and FX charges.\nWhatever card you use, always choose the local currency and decline DCC at the point of sale and the ATM — declining does not remove your issuer’s FX fee but removes the extra merchant/ATM markup on top of it.","url":"/en/remittance/best-overseas-cards","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers:en","entityId":"guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Banks versus remittance providers","plainText":"Specialists usually win small transfers and cash or wallet payouts; banks win where a beneficiary insists on a SWIFT wire, formal documentation is needed, or the amount exceeds a specialist’s limit — and for large amounts a negotiated bank FX rate can beat a specialist.\nWhen a bank wire is the right tool and when a specialist wins — by amount, speed, cash need, documentation, and complexity — so you pick the right rail instead of assuming.\nSmall transfers: specialists usually win because fixed bank fees are a large percentage.\nCash pickup and mobile-wallet payout: usually specialists; branch assistance and formal proof: usually banks.\nLarge documented transfers: banks are strong, especially with a negotiated FX rate; Type I specialists work within their limits.\nComplex property or inheritance payments: often a bank, coordinated with professionals.\nWhen each wins\nBanks are often preferable where the beneficiary specifically requires a SWIFT wire, the transaction involves property or a regulated investment account, a bank-issued proof of remittance is required, or the amount exceeds a remittance provider’s approved limit. They are less attractive for small payments because fixed fees, exchange spreads, and correspondent deductions are a large percentage of the amount.\nSpecialists are usually stronger for smaller transfers, cash pickup, and mobile-wallet payouts, and they can show the recipient amount up front while avoiding some correspondent deductions. Foreign-currency deposits are available at selected banks, whereas a specialist gives you a wallet balance rather than a conventional deposit. Tracking is app-based with specialists and via bank inquiry or SWIFT/gpi with banks.\nLarge and complex transfers\nFor a large documented transfer, banks are strong — particularly with a negotiated FX rate above a threshold — while Type I specialists (such as Wise up to ¥150 million for qualifying transfers) work within their limits. Recipient-exact-amount needs can be met by a bank fee instruction (not certain) or, often more cleanly, by a local-payout specialist.\nFor a complex property or inheritance payment, a bank is often preferable and should be coordinated with professionals. Returns and amendments differ too: a bank does a formal, sometimes costly recall, while a specialist offers app support but still may be unable to cancel after payout.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/banks-vs-remittance-providers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:swift-transfers-explained","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case","guide:large-transfers-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Specialists usually win small transfers and cash or wallet payouts; banks win where a beneficiary insists on a SWIFT wire, formal documentation is needed, or the amount exceeds a specialist’s limit — and for large amounts a negotiated bank FX rate can beat a specialist.\nWhen a bank wire is the right tool and when a specialist wins — by amount, speed, cash need, documentation, and complexity — so you pick the right rail instead of assuming.\nSmall transfers: specialists usually win because fixed bank fees are a large percentage.\nCash pickup and mobile-wallet payout: usually specialists; branch assistance and formal proof: usually banks.\nLarge documented transfers: banks are strong, especially with a negotiated FX rate; Type I specialists work within their limits.\nComplex property or inheritance payments: often a bank, coordinated with professionals.\nWhen each wins\nBanks are often preferable where the beneficiary specifically requires a SWIFT wire, the transaction involves property or a regulated investment account, a bank-issued proof of remittance is required, or the amount exceeds a remittance provider’s approved limit. They are less attractive for small payments because fixed fees, exchange spreads, and correspondent deductions are a large percentage of the amount.\nSpecialists are usually stronger for smaller transfers, cash pickup, and mobile-wallet payouts, and they can show the recipient amount up front while avoiding some correspondent deductions. Foreign-currency deposits are available at selected banks, whereas a specialist gives you a wallet balance rather than a conventional deposit. Tracking is app-based with specialists and via bank inquiry or SWIFT/gpi with banks.\nLarge and complex transfers\nFor a large documented transfer, banks are strong — particularly with a negotiated FX rate above a threshold — while Type I specialists (such as Wise up to ¥150 million for qualifying transfers) work within their limits. Recipient-exact-amount needs can be met by a bank fee instruction (not certain) or, often more cleanly, by a local-payout specialist.\nFor a complex property or inheritance payment, a bank is often preferable and should be coordinated with professionals. Returns and amendments differ too: a bank does a formal, sometimes costly recall, while a specialist offers app support but still may be unable to cancel after payout.","url":"/en/remittance/banks-vs-remittance-providers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case:en","entityId":"guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best international transfer services by use case","plainText":"No provider is universally best; match the shortlist to your use case — specialists for small and family transfers, banks or Type I for large and documented ones, platforms for freelance and salary, cash networks for emergencies — then compare a same-time quote.\nA use-case selector: the starting shortlist and selection rule for small transfers, large transfers, family support, students, freelancers, salary, pensions, cash pickup, travel, and property.\nSmall personal remittance: Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai, Western Union — compare recipient amount by exact method.\nLarge transfer: Wise Type I, MUFG, SMBC, Mizuho, PRESTIA, Sony, Resona — get same-time quotes and ask for a negotiated rate.\nFreelance/salary: Wise Business, Payoneer, PayPal, or a Japanese bank account — check business-use terms and employer acceptance.\nEmergency cash: Western Union, SBI Remit/MoneyGram, Kyodai/Ria — confirm recipient ID, hours, and local cap.\nThe use-case selector\nSmall personal remittance → Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai, or Western Union; compare the recipient amount after fee for the exact bank, wallet, or cash-pickup method, since fixed-fee bank wires are usually proportionally expensive. Large transfer → Wise Type I or a bank (MUFG, SMBC, Mizuho, PRESTIA, Sony, Resona); obtain written same-time quotes, ask for a negotiated FX rate, and pre-clear source-of-funds documents. Family support → SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai, Wise, or Western Union; bank deposit or wallet is normally safer and cheaper than cash pickup.\nForeign salary → local receiving details from Wise or Payoneer where the employer accepts them, otherwise a Sony, PRESTIA, or other Japanese bank SWIFT account. Freelance client payment → Wise Business, Payoneer, PayPal, or a Japanese business account. International tuition → the school’s designated portal, Wise, a bank SWIFT, Sony, or Rakuten, matching the student reference and targeting full-value arrival. Pension receipt → a Japanese bank SWIFT account, Sony, PRESTIA, or eligible local receiving details.\nEmergency, travel, and property\nEmergency cash → Western Union, SBI Remit/MoneyGram, Kyodai/Ria, or corridor-specific Smiles/DCOM cash pickup; confirm recipient ID, location hours, cash stock, exact spelling, pickup number, and local cap. Travel spending → Sony Wallet, PRESTIA Global Pass, Wise, or Revolut, plus a backup credit card on a different network; choose local currency and avoid DCC. Overseas property → a major bank, PRESTIA/Sony, or Wise Type I only after a lawyer, escrow, and independent beneficiary verification.\nWhatever the use case, the shortlist is a starting point, not a verdict — finish by comparing a same-time quote for your exact amount, corridor, funding, and payout method.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/best-transfer-services-by-use-case","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:compare-transfer-quotes"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true},{"publisher":"Western Union","url":"https://www.westernunion.com/jp/en/web/send-money/start","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"No provider is universally best; match the shortlist to your use case — specialists for small and family transfers, banks or Type I for large and documented ones, platforms for freelance and salary, cash networks for emergencies — then compare a same-time quote.\nA use-case selector: the starting shortlist and selection rule for small transfers, large transfers, family support, students, freelancers, salary, pensions, cash pickup, travel, and property.\nSmall personal remittance: Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai, Western Union — compare recipient amount by exact method.\nLarge transfer: Wise Type I, MUFG, SMBC, Mizuho, PRESTIA, Sony, Resona — get same-time quotes and ask for a negotiated rate.\nFreelance/salary: Wise Business, Payoneer, PayPal, or a Japanese bank account — check business-use terms and employer acceptance.\nEmergency cash: Western Union, SBI Remit/MoneyGram, Kyodai/Ria — confirm recipient ID, hours, and local cap.\nThe use-case selector\nSmall personal remittance → Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai, or Western Union; compare the recipient amount after fee for the exact bank, wallet, or cash-pickup method, since fixed-fee bank wires are usually proportionally expensive. Large transfer → Wise Type I or a bank (MUFG, SMBC, Mizuho, PRESTIA, Sony, Resona); obtain written same-time quotes, ask for a negotiated FX rate, and pre-clear source-of-funds documents. Family support → SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai, Wise, or Western Union; bank deposit or wallet is normally safer and cheaper than cash pickup.\nForeign salary → local receiving details from Wise or Payoneer where the employer accepts them, otherwise a Sony, PRESTIA, or other Japanese bank SWIFT account. Freelance client payment → Wise Business, Payoneer, PayPal, or a Japanese business account. International tuition → the school’s designated portal, Wise, a bank SWIFT, Sony, or Rakuten, matching the student reference and targeting full-value arrival. Pension receipt → a Japanese bank SWIFT account, Sony, PRESTIA, or eligible local receiving details.\nEmergency, travel, and property\nEmergency cash → Western Union, SBI Remit/MoneyGram, Kyodai/Ria, or corridor-specific Smiles/DCOM cash pickup; confirm recipient ID, location hours, cash stock, exact spelling, pickup number, and local cap. Travel spending → Sony Wallet, PRESTIA Global Pass, Wise, or Revolut, plus a backup credit card on a different network; choose local currency and avoid DCC. Overseas property → a major bank, PRESTIA/Sony, or Wise Type I only after a lawyer, escrow, and independent beneficiary verification.\nWhatever the use case, the shortlist is a starting point, not a verdict — finish by comparing a same-time quote for your exact amount, corridor, funding, and payout method.","url":"/en/remittance/best-transfer-services-by-use-case","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:wise-vs-revolut:en","entityId":"guide:wise-vs-revolut","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Wise versus Revolut in Japan","plainText":"Wise is the more transparent transfer and receiving tool with the broadest currency coverage and a ¥150m Type I ceiling for qualifying transfers, while Revolut is the stronger everyday card and travel app — but adds 1% outside market hours; the cheaper one depends on your amount, timing, and plan.\nTransfer cost, FX treatment, weekend charges, receiving, cards, ATMs, and limits compared for personal and moderate multi-currency use in Japan.\nWise: mid-market rate with a transparent fee, 40+ currencies, local receiving details, Type I up to ¥150m for qualifying transfers.\nRevolut: strong card controls and travel use; Standard has no listed exchange fee in market hours within allowances, +1% outside them.\nFor receiving and large transfers, Wise is usually the better fit; for card spending and travel, Revolut often is.\nNeither is universally cheaper — compare a same-time quote for your amount, timing, and plan.\nTransfers, receiving, and limits\nWise shows the mid-market rate with a transparent fee, holds 40+ currencies, offers local receiving details subject to eligibility, and supports qualifying Japan-based Type I large transfers up to ¥150 million (default ¥1 million holding limit for Japan addresses, temporarily raisable). This makes Wise the more natural choice for receiving foreign income and for larger transfers.\nRevolut is a registered Type II provider whose transfer and receiving features depend on the account and route; some SWIFT routes have no Revolut transfer fee but can incur intermediary fees. For pure transfer transparency and receiving details, Wise generally leads.\nCards, weekends, and who wins\nRevolut’s strength is the everyday card: strong controls, travel usability, and no listed Standard exchange fee for regular customers during market hours within allowances. The catch is a 1% charge on fiat exchanges outside market hours (and 0.5% on high-frequency Standard use). Wise’s card converts from a matching balance or at a currency-dependent fee and advises choosing local currency at ATMs.\nThe verdict is situational: for receiving income and larger, transparent transfers, Wise usually wins; for card spending, subscriptions, and weekday travel, Revolut often wins. Because allowances and market-hour rules change what you pay, compare a same-time quote for your specific amount, timing, and plan.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/wise-vs-revolut","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:wise-japan-review","guide:revolut-japan-review","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:weekend-fx-markups"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/7kL1cM6NQ2LQPMs3kV2X5j/wise-in-japan","official":true},{"publisher":"Revolut","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/standard-fees/","official":true},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Wise is the more transparent transfer and receiving tool with the broadest currency coverage and a ¥150m Type I ceiling for qualifying transfers, while Revolut is the stronger everyday card and travel app — but adds 1% outside market hours; the cheaper one depends on your amount, timing, and plan.\nTransfer cost, FX treatment, weekend charges, receiving, cards, ATMs, and limits compared for personal and moderate multi-currency use in Japan.\nWise: mid-market rate with a transparent fee, 40+ currencies, local receiving details, Type I up to ¥150m for qualifying transfers.\nRevolut: strong card controls and travel use; Standard has no listed exchange fee in market hours within allowances, +1% outside them.\nFor receiving and large transfers, Wise is usually the better fit; for card spending and travel, Revolut often is.\nNeither is universally cheaper — compare a same-time quote for your amount, timing, and plan.\nTransfers, receiving, and limits\nWise shows the mid-market rate with a transparent fee, holds 40+ currencies, offers local receiving details subject to eligibility, and supports qualifying Japan-based Type I large transfers up to ¥150 million (default ¥1 million holding limit for Japan addresses, temporarily raisable). This makes Wise the more natural choice for receiving foreign income and for larger transfers.\nRevolut is a registered Type II provider whose transfer and receiving features depend on the account and route; some SWIFT routes have no Revolut transfer fee but can incur intermediary fees. For pure transfer transparency and receiving details, Wise generally leads.\nCards, weekends, and who wins\nRevolut’s strength is the everyday card: strong controls, travel usability, and no listed Standard exchange fee for regular customers during market hours within allowances. The catch is a 1% charge on fiat exchanges outside market hours (and 0.5% on high-frequency Standard use). Wise’s card converts from a matching balance or at a currency-dependent fee and advises choosing local currency at ATMs.\nThe verdict is situational: for receiving income and larger, transparent transfers, Wise usually wins; for card spending, subscriptions, and weekday travel, Revolut often wins. Because allowances and market-hour rules change what you pay, compare a same-time quote for your specific amount, timing, and plan.","url":"/en/remittance/wise-vs-revolut","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:wise-vs-sbi-remit:en","entityId":"guide:wise-vs-sbi-remit","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Wise versus SBI Remit","plainText":"Wise is better for transparent bank-deposit transfers, receiving foreign income, and broad currency coverage; SBI Remit is better for cash pickup, MoneyGram reach, and Asian family-remittance corridors — compare the exact recipient amount for your destination and payout method.\nBank deposit versus cash pickup, supported corridors, limits, fees, speed, and receiving capability — so family remitters can pick the right one for their destination.\nWise: transparent mid-market transfers, receiving details, Type I large transfers; not a cash-pickup network.\nSBI Remit: bank deposit, cash pickup, MoneyGram reach; strong for family remittances and Southeast Asia.\nSBI Remit generally caps near ¥1m per transfer and ¥5m per year; Wise supports much larger qualifying transfers.\nThe winner depends on payout method and corridor — compare the recipient amount, not the headline fee.\nThe core difference\nWise is a transparent transfer and multi-currency tool: mid-market rate, a visible fee, local receiving details, and Type I large transfers up to ¥150 million for qualifying cases. It is not a cash-pickup network. SBI Remit is a remittance specialist with bank deposit, cash pickup, and MoneyGram reach across roughly 200 countries/territories, generally capped near the lower of a US$10,000 equivalent and ¥1 million per transfer and about ¥5 million per calendar year.\nSo the choice is largely about payout method: if the recipient has a bank account and you value transparency and larger limits, Wise usually fits; if the recipient needs cash pickup or you are sending regular family support on an Asian corridor, SBI Remit is often the stronger and cheaper option.\nHow to decide\nCompare the exact recipient amount for your destination and payout method at the same time — a bank-deposit quote from Wise against a bank-deposit or cash-pickup quote from SBI Remit. Include SBI Remit’s FX margin (not just its from-¥460 fee) and check the corridor’s cash-pickup cap and agent details if you choose cash.\nFor receiving a foreign salary or holding multiple currencies, Wise is the better tool; for one-way family cash to Asia, SBI Remit frequently wins. Many people keep both for different jobs.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/wise-vs-sbi-remit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:sbi-remit-review","guide:wise-japan-review","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Wise is better for transparent bank-deposit transfers, receiving foreign income, and broad currency coverage; SBI Remit is better for cash pickup, MoneyGram reach, and Asian family-remittance corridors — compare the exact recipient amount for your destination and payout method.\nBank deposit versus cash pickup, supported corridors, limits, fees, speed, and receiving capability — so family remitters can pick the right one for their destination.\nWise: transparent mid-market transfers, receiving details, Type I large transfers; not a cash-pickup network.\nSBI Remit: bank deposit, cash pickup, MoneyGram reach; strong for family remittances and Southeast Asia.\nSBI Remit generally caps near ¥1m per transfer and ¥5m per year; Wise supports much larger qualifying transfers.\nThe winner depends on payout method and corridor — compare the recipient amount, not the headline fee.\nThe core difference\nWise is a transparent transfer and multi-currency tool: mid-market rate, a visible fee, local receiving details, and Type I large transfers up to ¥150 million for qualifying cases. It is not a cash-pickup network. SBI Remit is a remittance specialist with bank deposit, cash pickup, and MoneyGram reach across roughly 200 countries/territories, generally capped near the lower of a US$10,000 equivalent and ¥1 million per transfer and about ¥5 million per calendar year.\nSo the choice is largely about payout method: if the recipient has a bank account and you value transparency and larger limits, Wise usually fits; if the recipient needs cash pickup or you are sending regular family support on an Asian corridor, SBI Remit is often the stronger and cheaper option.\nHow to decide\nCompare the exact recipient amount for your destination and payout method at the same time — a bank-deposit quote from Wise against a bank-deposit or cash-pickup quote from SBI Remit. Include SBI Remit’s FX margin (not just its from-¥460 fee) and check the corridor’s cash-pickup cap and agent details if you choose cash.\nFor receiving a foreign salary or holding multiple currencies, Wise is the better tool; for one-way family cash to Asia, SBI Remit frequently wins. Many people keep both for different jobs.","url":"/en/remittance/wise-vs-sbi-remit","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:western-union-vs-apps:en","entityId":"guide:western-union-vs-apps","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Western Union versus remittance apps","plainText":"Western Union wins for emergency cash pickup and unbanked recipients across 200+ countries, but its exchange margin often makes bank-deposit apps (Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai) cheaper when the recipient has an account.\nWhen Western Union’s cash-pickup strength is worth its exchange margin, and when a bank-deposit remittance app is cheaper and more trackable.\nWestern Union: unmatched cash-pickup reach and speed for unbanked recipients; MTCN tracking.\nApps: usually cheaper for bank-deposit payout, with clearer app tracking and the recipient amount shown up front.\nWestern Union states it earns from currency exchange — include the FX margin, not just the from-¥400 fee.\nChoose by whether the recipient needs cash or a bank deposit, then compare a same-time quote.\nWhen Western Union is worth it\nWestern Union’s network reaches more than 200 countries with cash pickup, agent, and bank-account options, and its real edge is paying an unbanked recipient quickly, with MTCN tracking. If the person you are paying cannot receive a bank deposit, or you need cash available fast, that convenience can justify the cost.\nThe cost, though, includes an exchange-rate margin — Western Union expressly states it earns money from currency exchange — so a from-¥400 fee understates the total. Include the FX margin and treat promotional rates separately from standard pricing.\nWhen an app wins\nWhen the recipient has a bank account, a bank-deposit remittance app (Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai) is usually cheaper and more trackable, and it shows the recipient amount before you send. For recurring family support to a bank account, the app route typically beats cash pickup on cost while avoiding the fraud exposure of cash collection.\nThe decision rule is simple: choose by whether the recipient needs cash or a bank deposit, then compare a same-time quote for the exact corridor and payout method.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/western-union-vs-apps","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:western-union-japan-review","guide:emergency-transfers-from-japan","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud","guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Western Union","url":"https://www.westernunion.com/jp/en/web/send-money/start","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true},{"publisher":"D.Communications Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.dcom-money.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Western Union wins for emergency cash pickup and unbanked recipients across 200+ countries, but its exchange margin often makes bank-deposit apps (Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai) cheaper when the recipient has an account.\nWhen Western Union’s cash-pickup strength is worth its exchange margin, and when a bank-deposit remittance app is cheaper and more trackable.\nWestern Union: unmatched cash-pickup reach and speed for unbanked recipients; MTCN tracking.\nApps: usually cheaper for bank-deposit payout, with clearer app tracking and the recipient amount shown up front.\nWestern Union states it earns from currency exchange — include the FX margin, not just the from-¥400 fee.\nChoose by whether the recipient needs cash or a bank deposit, then compare a same-time quote.\nWhen Western Union is worth it\nWestern Union’s network reaches more than 200 countries with cash pickup, agent, and bank-account options, and its real edge is paying an unbanked recipient quickly, with MTCN tracking. If the person you are paying cannot receive a bank deposit, or you need cash available fast, that convenience can justify the cost.\nThe cost, though, includes an exchange-rate margin — Western Union expressly states it earns money from currency exchange — so a from-¥400 fee understates the total. Include the FX margin and treat promotional rates separately from standard pricing.\nWhen an app wins\nWhen the recipient has a bank account, a bank-deposit remittance app (Wise, SBI Remit, DCOM, Smiles, Kyodai) is usually cheaper and more trackable, and it shows the recipient amount before you send. For recurring family support to a bank account, the app route typically beats cash pickup on cost while avoiding the fraud exposure of cash collection.\nThe decision rule is simple: choose by whether the recipient needs cash or a bank deposit, then compare a same-time quote for the exact corridor and payout method.","url":"/en/remittance/western-union-vs-apps","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho:en","entityId":"guide:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MUFG vs SMBC vs Mizuho international transfers","plainText":"MUFG has the lowest online outgoing fees (¥2,500–¥3,000) and English Web Support Plus, SMBC offers seven currencies with published ~¥1/USD margins, and Mizuho’s app transfer is ¥5,000 — but on small transfers a specialist usually beats all three.\nThe three megabanks compared on outgoing fees, FX margins, online access, currencies, incoming costs, and English support — with the shared caveat that specialists usually beat all three on small transfers.\nMUFG online: ¥2,500 to MUFG entities, ¥3,000 to other banks; recipient-paid fees only online; English Web Support Plus.\nSMBC online: ¥3,000/¥3,500; seven sending currencies; published margins ~¥1/USD and ~¥1.40/EUR; recall ¥4,000.\nMizuho app transfer ¥5,000; branch ¥8,000–¥8,500; recall ¥5,500; My Number required at all three.\nFor small transfers, fixed fees and FX margins mean a specialist usually beats all three megabanks.\nFees, FX, and channels\nMUFG has the lowest online outgoing fees — ¥2,500 to specified MUFG overseas entities and ¥3,000 to other banks — but MUFG Direct supports recipient-paid fees only (a sender-paid correspondent option needs a branch). SMBC online is ¥3,000 to SMBC entities and ¥3,500 to other banks, offers seven sending currencies, and publishes FX margins of about ¥1 per USD and ¥1.40 per EUR, with recall/amendment at ¥4,000. Mizuho’s app transfer is ¥5,000, branch is ¥8,000–¥8,500, and recall is ¥5,500.\nAll three require My Number and beneficiary registration, and all are migrating to ISO 20022, which can add setup time. Incoming charges differ (SMBC generally ¥1,500 for foreign-to-yen; Mizuho generally ¥2,500), so check the receipt-time schedule — MUFG announced 2026 revisions.\nWhich to use\nAmong the three, MUFG is usually cheapest online for a straightforward recipient-paid transfer and offers English Web Support Plus; SMBC suits people who want seven currencies and published margins; Mizuho fits existing Mizuho customers using the app. For all three, large transfers make the FX margin the main cost, so ask about a negotiated rate.\nThe shared caveat: for small personal remittances, a specialist that collects and pays locally usually beats all three megabanks on total cost. Use a megabank when you need a SWIFT wire, formal proof, seven-currency support, or a large documented transfer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-international-transfers","guide:smbc-international-transfers","guide:mizuho-international-transfers","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/tsukau/kaigai/okuru/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"MUFG has the lowest online outgoing fees (¥2,500–¥3,000) and English Web Support Plus, SMBC offers seven currencies with published ~¥1/USD margins, and Mizuho’s app transfer is ¥5,000 — but on small transfers a specialist usually beats all three.\nThe three megabanks compared on outgoing fees, FX margins, online access, currencies, incoming costs, and English support — with the shared caveat that specialists usually beat all three on small transfers.\nMUFG online: ¥2,500 to MUFG entities, ¥3,000 to other banks; recipient-paid fees only online; English Web Support Plus.\nSMBC online: ¥3,000/¥3,500; seven sending currencies; published margins ~¥1/USD and ~¥1.40/EUR; recall ¥4,000.\nMizuho app transfer ¥5,000; branch ¥8,000–¥8,500; recall ¥5,500; My Number required at all three.\nFor small transfers, fixed fees and FX margins mean a specialist usually beats all three megabanks.\nFees, FX, and channels\nMUFG has the lowest online outgoing fees — ¥2,500 to specified MUFG overseas entities and ¥3,000 to other banks — but MUFG Direct supports recipient-paid fees only (a sender-paid correspondent option needs a branch). SMBC online is ¥3,000 to SMBC entities and ¥3,500 to other banks, offers seven sending currencies, and publishes FX margins of about ¥1 per USD and ¥1.40 per EUR, with recall/amendment at ¥4,000. Mizuho’s app transfer is ¥5,000, branch is ¥8,000–¥8,500, and recall is ¥5,500.\nAll three require My Number and beneficiary registration, and all are migrating to ISO 20022, which can add setup time. Incoming charges differ (SMBC generally ¥1,500 for foreign-to-yen; Mizuho generally ¥2,500), so check the receipt-time schedule — MUFG announced 2026 revisions.\nWhich to use\nAmong the three, MUFG is usually cheapest online for a straightforward recipient-paid transfer and offers English Web Support Plus; SMBC suits people who want seven currencies and published margins; Mizuho fits existing Mizuho customers using the app. For all three, large transfers make the FX margin the main cost, so ask about a negotiated rate.\nThe shared caveat: for small personal remittances, a specialist that collects and pays locally usually beats all three megabanks on total cost. Use a megabank when you need a SWIFT wire, formal proof, seven-currency support, or a large documented transfer.","url":"/en/remittance/mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:prestia-vs-sony-bank:en","entityId":"guide:prestia-vs-sony-bank","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PRESTIA versus Sony Bank","plainText":"PRESTIA leads on English service, MultiMoney accounts, and GLOBAL PASS but bars online business-purpose transfers; Sony Bank leads on around-the-clock online remittance, eleven sending currencies, and the Sony Bank WALLET — pick by whether you value English branch support or online foreign-currency automation.\nTwo English-friendly, foreign-currency-strong banks compared on support, deposits, receiving income, transfer fees, debit cards, and account requirements.\nPRESTIA: strong English support, MultiMoney foreign-currency accounts, GLOBAL PASS debit; online business-purpose transfers prohibited.\nSony Bank: around-the-clock online remittance (¥3,000, some free at Club S Platinum), eleven sending currencies, Sony Bank WALLET.\nBoth receive foreign income; both offer multi-currency debit cards with no bank-side transaction fee on their card at ATMs (owner/exchange charges may apply).\nChoose PRESTIA for English branch/tiered service, Sony for online foreign-currency automation.\nHow they compare\nPRESTIA (SMBC Trust Bank) is built around English service and foreign currency: MultiMoney accounts hold multiple currencies, GLOBAL PASS is a multi-currency Visa debit with no listed bank transaction fee, and fee tiers reward a relationship balance (standard online ¥3,500, ¥2,000 at a ¥1m balance, free for Gold). The key limit is that online transfers cannot be used for corporate accounts or business-purpose funds.\nSony Bank is built around online foreign-currency automation: online remittance around the clock at ¥3,000 (up to three free monthly at Club S Platinum), eleven sending currencies, and the Sony Bank WALLET, which spends directly from ten foreign-currency balances (1.79% only when there is no matching balance). Both banks can receive foreign salary and pensions subject to review.\nWhich fits you\nChoose PRESTIA if you value English-language branch and phone support, tiered benefits tied to a relationship balance, and a foreign-currency banking relationship. Choose Sony Bank if you want strong online foreign-currency automation, more sending currencies, and a wallet card that spends directly from foreign-currency deposits.\nFor a freelancer or business, note PRESTIA’s online business-purpose restriction and confirm the permitted channel; for a traveller actively managing foreign-currency balances, the Sony Bank WALLET is a standout.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/prestia-vs-sony-bank","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:smbc-prestia","product:sony-bank"],"guides":["guide:prestia-international-transfers","guide:sony-bank-international-transfers","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:best-overseas-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/overseas_remittance/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/guide/fct_transfer/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/globalpass/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/visa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"PRESTIA leads on English service, MultiMoney accounts, and GLOBAL PASS but bars online business-purpose transfers; Sony Bank leads on around-the-clock online remittance, eleven sending currencies, and the Sony Bank WALLET — pick by whether you value English branch support or online foreign-currency automation.\nTwo English-friendly, foreign-currency-strong banks compared on support, deposits, receiving income, transfer fees, debit cards, and account requirements.\nPRESTIA: strong English support, MultiMoney foreign-currency accounts, GLOBAL PASS debit; online business-purpose transfers prohibited.\nSony Bank: around-the-clock online remittance (¥3,000, some free at Club S Platinum), eleven sending currencies, Sony Bank WALLET.\nBoth receive foreign income; both offer multi-currency debit cards with no bank-side transaction fee on their card at ATMs (owner/exchange charges may apply).\nChoose PRESTIA for English branch/tiered service, Sony for online foreign-currency automation.\nHow they compare\nPRESTIA (SMBC Trust Bank) is built around English service and foreign currency: MultiMoney accounts hold multiple currencies, GLOBAL PASS is a multi-currency Visa debit with no listed bank transaction fee, and fee tiers reward a relationship balance (standard online ¥3,500, ¥2,000 at a ¥1m balance, free for Gold). The key limit is that online transfers cannot be used for corporate accounts or business-purpose funds.\nSony Bank is built around online foreign-currency automation: online remittance around the clock at ¥3,000 (up to three free monthly at Club S Platinum), eleven sending currencies, and the Sony Bank WALLET, which spends directly from ten foreign-currency balances (1.79% only when there is no matching balance). Both banks can receive foreign salary and pensions subject to review.\nWhich fits you\nChoose PRESTIA if you value English-language branch and phone support, tiered benefits tied to a relationship balance, and a foreign-currency banking relationship. Choose Sony Bank if you want strong online foreign-currency automation, more sending currencies, and a wallet card that spends directly from foreign-currency deposits.\nFor a freelancer or business, note PRESTIA’s online business-purpose restriction and confirm the permitted channel; for a traveller actively managing foreign-currency balances, the Sony Bank WALLET is a standout.","url":"/en/remittance/prestia-vs-sony-bank","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rakuten-vs-japan-post:en","entityId":"guide:rakuten-vs-japan-post","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Bank versus Japan Post Bank international transfers","plainText":"Rakuten Bank has a low ¥750 outgoing headline fee but requires JPY funding and adds optional/JPY-remittance fees, while Japan Post Bank is ¥3,000 with a Japanese-only outgoing interface and USD/EUR-only incoming — so Rakuten usually wins on cost if you fund from yen and read the full fee stack.\nTwo very different online-accessible options: Rakuten’s low ¥750 headline fee with mandatory JPY funding versus Japan Post Bank’s Japanese-only interface and USD/EUR-limited receiving.\nRakuten Bank: ¥750 outgoing headline fee, but foreign-currency transfers must be funded by converting from the JPY account; optional intermediary fee ¥1,000; JPY-denominated remittance adds ¥3,000.\nJapan Post Bank: ¥3,000 outgoing, Japanese-only interface; incoming supports USD and EUR only with disclosed correspondent deductions.\nBoth require My Number; both may deduct recipient-bank charges.\nRakuten usually wins on cost from yen; Japan Post suits existing customers comfortable with the Japanese interface.\nHow they compare\nRakuten Bank advertises a low ¥750 outgoing fee and more than 60 currencies to 200+ countries, but the details matter: foreign-currency outgoing transfers must be funded by converting from the JPY account (you cannot send an existing foreign-currency deposit directly), an optional sender-paid intermediary fee is ¥1,000, and a JPY-denominated overseas remittance adds ¥3,000. Bank review occurs on business days and may require invoices or explanations.\nJapan Post Bank charges ¥3,000 outgoing at its published rate, but the outgoing website is Japanese-only and some fields must be entered in Japanese. Its incoming English instructions support only USD and EUR (BIC JPPSJPJ2) with disclosed correspondent deductions of $10 and €5. Both require My Number and may pass on recipient-bank charges.\nWhich to choose\nIf you fund from yen and read the full fee stack, Rakuten Bank usually wins on cost, and its interface is more accessible. Japan Post Bank suits existing customers who are comfortable with the Japanese-only outgoing interface, or recipients who specifically need a Japan Post account and can work in USD or EUR.\nFor either, the exchange rate and any recipient-bank deduction still determine the total, so compare the recipient amount rather than the headline fee — and for small transfers, a specialist may beat both.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/rakuten-vs-japan-post","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:rakuten-bank","product:japan-post-bank"],"guides":["guide:japan-post-bank-international-transfers","guide:incoming-bank-fees","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/geo/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Rakuten Bank has a low ¥750 outgoing headline fee but requires JPY funding and adds optional/JPY-remittance fees, while Japan Post Bank is ¥3,000 with a Japanese-only outgoing interface and USD/EUR-only incoming — so Rakuten usually wins on cost if you fund from yen and read the full fee stack.\nTwo very different online-accessible options: Rakuten’s low ¥750 headline fee with mandatory JPY funding versus Japan Post Bank’s Japanese-only interface and USD/EUR-limited receiving.\nRakuten Bank: ¥750 outgoing headline fee, but foreign-currency transfers must be funded by converting from the JPY account; optional intermediary fee ¥1,000; JPY-denominated remittance adds ¥3,000.\nJapan Post Bank: ¥3,000 outgoing, Japanese-only interface; incoming supports USD and EUR only with disclosed correspondent deductions.\nBoth require My Number; both may deduct recipient-bank charges.\nRakuten usually wins on cost from yen; Japan Post suits existing customers comfortable with the Japanese interface.\nHow they compare\nRakuten Bank advertises a low ¥750 outgoing fee and more than 60 currencies to 200+ countries, but the details matter: foreign-currency outgoing transfers must be funded by converting from the JPY account (you cannot send an existing foreign-currency deposit directly), an optional sender-paid intermediary fee is ¥1,000, and a JPY-denominated overseas remittance adds ¥3,000. Bank review occurs on business days and may require invoices or explanations.\nJapan Post Bank charges ¥3,000 outgoing at its published rate, but the outgoing website is Japanese-only and some fields must be entered in Japanese. Its incoming English instructions support only USD and EUR (BIC JPPSJPJ2) with disclosed correspondent deductions of $10 and €5. Both require My Number and may pass on recipient-bank charges.\nWhich to choose\nIf you fund from yen and read the full fee stack, Rakuten Bank usually wins on cost, and its interface is more accessible. Japan Post Bank suits existing customers who are comfortable with the Japanese-only outgoing interface, or recipients who specifically need a Japan Post account and can work in USD or EUR.\nFor either, the exchange rate and any recipient-bank deduction still determine the total, so compare the recipient amount rather than the headline fee — and for small transfers, a specialist may beat both.","url":"/en/remittance/rakuten-vs-japan-post","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:payoneer-vs-wise-vs-paypal:en","entityId":"guide:payoneer-vs-wise-vs-paypal","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Payoneer vs Wise Business vs PayPal","plainText":"Wise Business gives transparent conversion and local receiving details, Payoneer is strong for marketplaces and clients wanting local account details, and PayPal is best where clients already use it and buyer/seller disputes matter — but is often costlier for routine conversion.\nThree ways for freelancers and businesses to get paid by international clients — compared on client friction, receiving details, fees, withdrawals, disputes, and accounting.\nWise Business: mid-market conversion, local receiving details, transparent fees; good for transparent invoicing.\nPayoneer: marketplace receipts and local account details in currencies including USD, EUR, GBP, JPY, CAD; withdrawal/payment charges vary.\nPayPal: convenient where clients already use it and disputes matter, but cross-border and conversion fees can be higher.\nChoose by client friction, conversion cost, withdrawal fee, dispute rights, reserve/review risk, and accounting export.\nHow they compare\nWise Business converts at the mid-market rate with a transparent fee and can give clients local receiving details, which reduces friction and avoids some correspondent deductions — a clean choice for straightforward invoicing. Payoneer is strong for marketplaces and clients who prefer to pay local account details; it describes receiving accounts in currencies including USD, EUR, GBP, JPY, and CAD, with published global pricing that includes currency-balance conversion around 0.5% and various withdrawal/payment charges (your signed-in pricing controls).\nPayPal is convenient where clients already use it and where buyer/seller dispute tools matter, and it displays its conversion rate before payment. It is often less cost-efficient for routine currency conversion than a bank-funded specialist transfer, so weigh the dispute protection against the conversion cost.\nChoosing and protecting yourself\nDecide on client payment friction (what your client will actually use), conversion cost, withdrawal fee, dispute rights, reserve/review risk, and how cleanly each exports to your accounting. Many freelancers keep two — a primary invoicing channel plus a backup for clients who insist on a particular platform.\nWhichever you use, keep contracts, invoices, delivery evidence, and platform statements. Account-review risk is reduced by a clean paper trail, and business income can be taxable even when paid abroad or held in a foreign balance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/payoneer-vs-wise-vs-paypal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise-business","product:wise"],"guides":["guide:freelance-payments-from-overseas","guide:receive-international-transfer","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Payoneer","url":"https://www.payoneer.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/jp/business/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPal","url":"https://www.paypal.com/jp/webapps/mpp/home","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Wise Business gives transparent conversion and local receiving details, Payoneer is strong for marketplaces and clients wanting local account details, and PayPal is best where clients already use it and buyer/seller disputes matter — but is often costlier for routine conversion.\nThree ways for freelancers and businesses to get paid by international clients — compared on client friction, receiving details, fees, withdrawals, disputes, and accounting.\nWise Business: mid-market conversion, local receiving details, transparent fees; good for transparent invoicing.\nPayoneer: marketplace receipts and local account details in currencies including USD, EUR, GBP, JPY, CAD; withdrawal/payment charges vary.\nPayPal: convenient where clients already use it and disputes matter, but cross-border and conversion fees can be higher.\nChoose by client friction, conversion cost, withdrawal fee, dispute rights, reserve/review risk, and accounting export.\nHow they compare\nWise Business converts at the mid-market rate with a transparent fee and can give clients local receiving details, which reduces friction and avoids some correspondent deductions — a clean choice for straightforward invoicing. Payoneer is strong for marketplaces and clients who prefer to pay local account details; it describes receiving accounts in currencies including USD, EUR, GBP, JPY, and CAD, with published global pricing that includes currency-balance conversion around 0.5% and various withdrawal/payment charges (your signed-in pricing controls).\nPayPal is convenient where clients already use it and where buyer/seller dispute tools matter, and it displays its conversion rate before payment. It is often less cost-efficient for routine currency conversion than a bank-funded specialist transfer, so weigh the dispute protection against the conversion cost.\nChoosing and protecting yourself\nDecide on client payment friction (what your client will actually use), conversion cost, withdrawal fee, dispute rights, reserve/review risk, and how cleanly each exports to your accounting. Many freelancers keep two — a primary invoicing channel plus a backup for clients who insist on a particular platform.\nWhichever you use, keep contracts, invoices, delivery evidence, and platform statements. Account-review risk is reduced by a clean paper trail, and business income can be taxable even when paid abroad or held in a foreign balance.","url":"/en/remittance/payoneer-vs-wise-vs-paypal","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:incoming-bank-fees:en","entityId":"guide:incoming-bank-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Incoming international transfer fees at Japanese banks","plainText":"Receiving a foreign transfer usually costs an incoming handling fee (roughly ¥1,500–¥2,500 at major banks) plus possible conversion or lifting charges and intermediary deductions the sender’s bank cannot see — so confirm the accepted currency and expect the credited amount to be a little less than sent.\nWhat it costs to receive money from abroad — incoming handling fees, conversion charges, same-currency and lifting fees, and intermediary deductions — compared across major banks.\nMajor banks charge an incoming handling fee: SMBC generally ¥1,500 for foreign-to-yen; Mizuho generally ¥2,500; SBI Shinsei around ¥2,000.\nSame-currency or yen receipts can attract a lifting charge of about 0.05% (minimum ~¥2,500) depending on the route.\nIntermediary banks may deduct fees the sender cannot see; Japan Post discloses $10 (USD) and €5 (EUR).\nConfirm the accepted currency — Japan Post Bank incoming English instructions support USD and EUR only.\nWhat you pay to receive\nReceiving an international transfer is not free. Major banks charge an incoming handling fee — SMBC generally ¥1,500 for a foreign-currency-to-yen receipt, Mizuho generally ¥2,500, and SBI Shinsei around a ¥2,000 equivalent (with a later rebate for Silver and higher Step Up tiers under the cited schedule). Same-currency or yen international receipts can also attract a lifting charge of about 0.05% with a minimum near ¥2,500, depending on the route.\nOn top of the receiving bank’s fee, intermediary (correspondent) banks may deduct charges the sender’s bank cannot see in advance. Japan Post Bank discloses fixed correspondent deductions of $10 on qualifying USD receipts and €5 on qualifying EUR receipts, and warns more may apply — which is why a credited amount can be a little less than what was sent.\nReducing incoming cost\nConfirm the accepted currency before directing a payment — Japan Post Bank incoming English instructions support only USD and EUR, and a mismatch can cause a return. Where you can, receive in a currency your account supports to avoid a forced conversion, or use a platform’s local receiving details (Wise, Payoneer) to sidestep some correspondent deductions.\nFor a salary or pension you will receive repeatedly, check the current incoming-fee page and any tier rebate, and re-verify figures at receipt time — some banks (for example Rakuten Bank’s cited individual incoming fee) publish figures that should be rechecked on the transaction date.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/incoming-bank-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:receive-international-transfer","guide:intermediary-bank-fees","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/english/foreign/receive.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Receiving a foreign transfer usually costs an incoming handling fee (roughly ¥1,500–¥2,500 at major banks) plus possible conversion or lifting charges and intermediary deductions the sender’s bank cannot see — so confirm the accepted currency and expect the credited amount to be a little less than sent.\nWhat it costs to receive money from abroad — incoming handling fees, conversion charges, same-currency and lifting fees, and intermediary deductions — compared across major banks.\nMajor banks charge an incoming handling fee: SMBC generally ¥1,500 for foreign-to-yen; Mizuho generally ¥2,500; SBI Shinsei around ¥2,000.\nSame-currency or yen receipts can attract a lifting charge of about 0.05% (minimum ~¥2,500) depending on the route.\nIntermediary banks may deduct fees the sender cannot see; Japan Post discloses $10 (USD) and €5 (EUR).\nConfirm the accepted currency — Japan Post Bank incoming English instructions support USD and EUR only.\nWhat you pay to receive\nReceiving an international transfer is not free. Major banks charge an incoming handling fee — SMBC generally ¥1,500 for a foreign-currency-to-yen receipt, Mizuho generally ¥2,500, and SBI Shinsei around a ¥2,000 equivalent (with a later rebate for Silver and higher Step Up tiers under the cited schedule). Same-currency or yen international receipts can also attract a lifting charge of about 0.05% with a minimum near ¥2,500, depending on the route.\nOn top of the receiving bank’s fee, intermediary (correspondent) banks may deduct charges the sender’s bank cannot see in advance. Japan Post Bank discloses fixed correspondent deductions of $10 on qualifying USD receipts and €5 on qualifying EUR receipts, and warns more may apply — which is why a credited amount can be a little less than what was sent.\nReducing incoming cost\nConfirm the accepted currency before directing a payment — Japan Post Bank incoming English instructions support only USD and EUR, and a mismatch can cause a return. Where you can, receive in a currency your account supports to avoid a forced conversion, or use a platform’s local receiving details (Wise, Payoneer) to sidestep some correspondent deductions.\nFor a salary or pension you will receive repeatedly, check the current incoming-fee page and any tier rebate, and re-verify figures at receipt time — some banks (for example Rakuten Bank’s cited individual incoming fee) publish figures that should be rechecked on the transaction date.","url":"/en/remittance/incoming-bank-fees","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:are-transfers-taxable:en","entityId":"guide:are-transfers-taxable","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are international transfers taxable in Japan?","plainText":"The act of moving money is usually not the taxable event; tax follows the underlying transaction — salary is income, a gratuitous transfer may be a gift, inherited funds may involve inheritance tax, an asset sale may be a gain — and moving your own savings between accounts is generally not new income.\nWhy moving money is usually not the taxable event, and how tax instead follows the underlying transaction — salary, gift, inheritance, a loan, business income, or your own savings.\nThe transfer itself is usually not taxed — the underlying event is what matters.\nSalary is income; a gratuitous transfer may be a gift; inheritance may involve inheritance tax; a sale may create a gain.\nMoving your own savings between your accounts is generally not new income, but the original source keeps its tax character.\nResidence status (resident, non-permanent resident, nonresident) changes what is taxable — this is educational, not advice.\nTax follows the source, not the transfer\nSending or receiving money is usually not itself a taxable event. What matters is the underlying transaction. Salary is income; a gratuitous transfer may be a gift; inherited funds may involve inheritance tax; the sale of an asset may generate a capital gain; and business revenue remains business income. Moving one’s own existing savings between accounts is different from receiving new income and generally does not itself create tax.\nThat is why receiving a large transfer does not automatically create a liability, and why sending your own money abroad is not automatically taxed. But the original character travels with the money: interest, gains, salary, gifts, or inheritance retain their tax treatment even after a transfer.\nResidence status and when to get help\nYour residence status changes what is taxable. Residents other than non-permanent residents are generally taxed on worldwide income; non-permanent residents are taxed on non-foreign-source income, foreign-source income paid in Japan, and foreign-source income paid abroad to the extent treated as remitted under a statutory calculation; nonresidents are generally taxed on Japanese-source income. The non-permanent-resident remittance rule is not a simple “same dollars entered Japan” tracing test.\nThis page is educational and cannot determine your liability. Get a Japan international-tax professional before relying on non-remittance treatment, or for large gifts, inheritance, property, trusts, foreign companies, crypto, stock options, or U.S. reporting. Keep the originating documents — payslips, contracts, sale agreements, probate papers, and the exchange rate used — because a remittance receipt alone is not sufficient tax evidence.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/are-transfers-taxable","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cross-border-gift-tax","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan","guide:receive-international-transfer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/zoyo/4402.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/hotei/7456.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"The act of moving money is usually not the taxable event; tax follows the underlying transaction — salary is income, a gratuitous transfer may be a gift, inherited funds may involve inheritance tax, an asset sale may be a gain — and moving your own savings between accounts is generally not new income.\nWhy moving money is usually not the taxable event, and how tax instead follows the underlying transaction — salary, gift, inheritance, a loan, business income, or your own savings.\nThe transfer itself is usually not taxed — the underlying event is what matters.\nSalary is income; a gratuitous transfer may be a gift; inheritance may involve inheritance tax; a sale may create a gain.\nMoving your own savings between your accounts is generally not new income, but the original source keeps its tax character.\nResidence status (resident, non-permanent resident, nonresident) changes what is taxable — this is educational, not advice.\nTax follows the source, not the transfer\nSending or receiving money is usually not itself a taxable event. What matters is the underlying transaction. Salary is income; a gratuitous transfer may be a gift; inherited funds may involve inheritance tax; the sale of an asset may generate a capital gain; and business revenue remains business income. Moving one’s own existing savings between accounts is different from receiving new income and generally does not itself create tax.\nThat is why receiving a large transfer does not automatically create a liability, and why sending your own money abroad is not automatically taxed. But the original character travels with the money: interest, gains, salary, gifts, or inheritance retain their tax treatment even after a transfer.\nResidence status and when to get help\nYour residence status changes what is taxable. Residents other than non-permanent residents are generally taxed on worldwide income; non-permanent residents are taxed on non-foreign-source income, foreign-source income paid in Japan, and foreign-source income paid abroad to the extent treated as remitted under a statutory calculation; nonresidents are generally taxed on Japanese-source income. The non-permanent-resident remittance rule is not a simple “same dollars entered Japan” tracing test.\nThis page is educational and cannot determine your liability. Get a Japan international-tax professional before relying on non-remittance treatment, or for large gifts, inheritance, property, trusts, foreign companies, crypto, stock options, or U.S. reporting. Keep the originating documents — payslips, contracts, sale agreements, probate papers, and the exchange rate used — because a remittance receipt alone is not sufficient tax evidence.","url":"/en/remittance/are-transfers-taxable","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:cross-border-gift-tax:en","entityId":"guide:cross-border-gift-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Cross-border gift tax in Japan","plainText":"Under Japan’s calendar-year system, a ¥1.1 million basic exemption is subtracted from the total gifts a person receives in the year, and the recipient is generally the taxpayer — but residence, nationality, and property location can change the result, so large cross-border gifts need professional advice.\nHow Japan’s calendar-year gift-tax system works — the ¥1.1 million basic exemption, recipient-based calculation, and the residence/nationality factors — and when a cross-border gift needs professional advice.\nThe basic exemption is generally ¥1.1 million of total gifts received per recipient per calendar year — not per donor.\nThe recipient is generally the relevant taxpayer under the ordinary calendar-year system.\nResidence history, nationality, donor status, and property location can all change the outcome.\nGenuine ordinary living or education support can be treated differently from an unrestricted gift, but facts and timing matter.\nHow the exemption works\nJapan’s calendar-year gift-tax system generally subtracts a ¥1.1 million basic exemption from the total gifts a person receives during the calendar year. Crucially, this is per recipient, not per donor — you do not get a fresh ¥1.1 million allowance for each person who gives you money. The recipient is generally the relevant taxpayer under the ordinary system.\nCitizenship, domicile, residence history, donor status, property location, special exemptions, and the inheritance-settlement election can all change the outcome, especially for cross-border gifts where the giver and receiver are in different countries or one party recently moved.\nFamily support and when to get advice\nGenuine payments for ordinary living or education can receive different treatment from an unrestricted gift, but the facts, timing, necessity, and direct use matter. Large accumulated transfers, funding a property purchase, funding investments, or payments beyond normal support can look like gifts and require professional review. For certain Japanese dependent-deduction claims involving overseas relatives, the NTA requires relationship and remittance documentation, with additional rules for some relatives aged 30 to 69, including a ¥380,000 remittance condition unless another exception applies.\nThis page is educational and cannot determine your liability. Before making or receiving a large cross-border gift — or funding a property purchase for a family member — consult a Japanese tax professional, and keep evidence of the relationship, purpose, and use of the funds.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/cross-border-gift-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:are-transfers-taxable","guide:large-transfers-from-japan","guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/zoyo/4402.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1180.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Under Japan’s calendar-year system, a ¥1.1 million basic exemption is subtracted from the total gifts a person receives in the year, and the recipient is generally the taxpayer — but residence, nationality, and property location can change the result, so large cross-border gifts need professional advice.\nHow Japan’s calendar-year gift-tax system works — the ¥1.1 million basic exemption, recipient-based calculation, and the residence/nationality factors — and when a cross-border gift needs professional advice.\nThe basic exemption is generally ¥1.1 million of total gifts received per recipient per calendar year — not per donor.\nThe recipient is generally the relevant taxpayer under the ordinary calendar-year system.\nResidence history, nationality, donor status, and property location can all change the outcome.\nGenuine ordinary living or education support can be treated differently from an unrestricted gift, but facts and timing matter.\nHow the exemption works\nJapan’s calendar-year gift-tax system generally subtracts a ¥1.1 million basic exemption from the total gifts a person receives during the calendar year. Crucially, this is per recipient, not per donor — you do not get a fresh ¥1.1 million allowance for each person who gives you money. The recipient is generally the relevant taxpayer under the ordinary system.\nCitizenship, domicile, residence history, donor status, property location, special exemptions, and the inheritance-settlement election can all change the outcome, especially for cross-border gifts where the giver and receiver are in different countries or one party recently moved.\nFamily support and when to get advice\nGenuine payments for ordinary living or education can receive different treatment from an unrestricted gift, but the facts, timing, necessity, and direct use matter. Large accumulated transfers, funding a property purchase, funding investments, or payments beyond normal support can look like gifts and require professional review. For certain Japanese dependent-deduction claims involving overseas relatives, the NTA requires relationship and remittance documentation, with additional rules for some relatives aged 30 to 69, including a ¥380,000 remittance condition unless another exception applies.\nThis page is educational and cannot determine your liability. Before making or receiving a large cross-border gift — or funding a property purchase for a family member — consult a Japanese tax professional, and keep evidence of the relationship, purpose, and use of the funds.","url":"/en/remittance/cross-border-gift-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen:en","entityId":"guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why international transfers get delayed or accounts frozen","plainText":"Transfers stall or accounts freeze when something looks inconsistent — a name mismatch, an expired residence card, an amount out of line with income, a vague purpose, third-party funds, or a sanctions match — and each is cleared with specific corrective evidence, not by trying again.\nThe common triggers — name mismatches, expired documents, unusual amounts, unclear purposes, third-party funds, and sanctions matches — and the corrective evidence that clears each one.\nName mismatches across account, residence card, and beneficiary record are a leading cause — fix with official name evidence.\nExpired residence cards or outdated addresses stall transfers — renew and update your registered details.\nAmounts inconsistent with income, vague purposes, or third-party funds trigger review — supply documents, not a retry.\nSanctions or high-risk matches may need extra evidence, and some payments remain prohibited.\nThe common triggers and their fixes\nMost holds come from an inconsistency. A name that differs across your account, residence card, and the beneficiary record → provide official name evidence and correct the beneficiary entry. An outdated residence card or address → renew the card and update your address. An amount inconsistent with your income → payslips, tax returns, savings history, or sale/inheritance documents. A vague purpose → an invoice, tuition bill, support explanation, or contract. Third-party funding → proof of relationship, authorization, and source. Multiple unrelated recipients → business records or a detailed relationship explanation.\nA high-risk country or sanctioned-name match → additional identity and transaction evidence, though some payments remain prohibited. A property or investment payment → the purchase agreement, escrow instructions, a professional contact, and a source trail. Beneficiary details changed by email → independent verification with the beneficiary. If the provider cannot contact you → current phone, email, and postal address.\nAvoiding a freeze in the first place\nKeep your registered legal name, address, visa status, and residence-card expiry current across your account, residence card, and beneficiary records. Declare an accurate, specific purpose rather than “personal,” and be ready to show source-of-funds documents for a large or unusual transfer. Respond promptly to information requests — an unanswered request is itself a reason a review stalls.\nNever split a large transfer into smaller ones to dodge a limit; providers can aggregate related transactions and treat structuring as suspicious. And never let anyone route their money through your account — that resembles money-mule activity and can freeze the account and create criminal exposure.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/transfer-delayed-account-frozen","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose","guide:transfer-times-and-delays","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Transfers stall or accounts freeze when something looks inconsistent — a name mismatch, an expired residence card, an amount out of line with income, a vague purpose, third-party funds, or a sanctions match — and each is cleared with specific corrective evidence, not by trying again.\nThe common triggers — name mismatches, expired documents, unusual amounts, unclear purposes, third-party funds, and sanctions matches — and the corrective evidence that clears each one.\nName mismatches across account, residence card, and beneficiary record are a leading cause — fix with official name evidence.\nExpired residence cards or outdated addresses stall transfers — renew and update your registered details.\nAmounts inconsistent with income, vague purposes, or third-party funds trigger review — supply documents, not a retry.\nSanctions or high-risk matches may need extra evidence, and some payments remain prohibited.\nThe common triggers and their fixes\nMost holds come from an inconsistency. A name that differs across your account, residence card, and the beneficiary record → provide official name evidence and correct the beneficiary entry. An outdated residence card or address → renew the card and update your address. An amount inconsistent with your income → payslips, tax returns, savings history, or sale/inheritance documents. A vague purpose → an invoice, tuition bill, support explanation, or contract. Third-party funding → proof of relationship, authorization, and source. Multiple unrelated recipients → business records or a detailed relationship explanation.\nA high-risk country or sanctioned-name match → additional identity and transaction evidence, though some payments remain prohibited. A property or investment payment → the purchase agreement, escrow instructions, a professional contact, and a source trail. Beneficiary details changed by email → independent verification with the beneficiary. If the provider cannot contact you → current phone, email, and postal address.\nAvoiding a freeze in the first place\nKeep your registered legal name, address, visa status, and residence-card expiry current across your account, residence card, and beneficiary records. Declare an accurate, specific purpose rather than “personal,” and be ready to show source-of-funds documents for a large or unusual transfer. Respond promptly to information requests — an unanswered request is itself a reason a review stalls.\nNever split a large transfer into smaller ones to dodge a limit; providers can aggregate related transactions and treat structuring as suspicious. And never let anyone route their money through your account — that resembles money-mule activity and can freeze the account and create criminal exposure.","url":"/en/remittance/transfer-delayed-account-frozen","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud:en","entityId":"guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"International transfer scams and fraud prevention","plainText":"Independently verify every new beneficiary and every change of bank details using a known phone number, send a small test payment before a large one, never share one-time passwords or pickup codes, and treat urgency, secrecy, and requests to forward money for a stranger as fraud indicators.\nThe common cross-border money frauds — beneficiary-detail changes, romance and emergency scams, money mules, and property fraud — and the concrete habits that protect you.\nIndependently verify every new beneficiary and every bank-detail change using a phone number you already have.\nSend a small test payment before a large one, and confirm the exact credited amount and reference.\nNever share one-time passwords, full card details, remote-access control, or cash-pickup codes.\nDo not let anyone route money through your account — it can create money-mule, tax, and criminal exposure.\nThe scams to know\nBeneficiary-detail fraud: a criminal intercepts an invoice or email and changes the bank details, so your payment goes to them. Romance and emergency scams: an urgent, emotional story pressures you to send fast. Money mules: someone asks you to receive and forward money “as a favour” or for a job. Fake investment or “tax authority” demands: a guaranteed return or a threat pushes an immediate transfer. Property fraud: emailed changes to escrow or seller account details divert a deposit.\nThe common thread is pressure plus a change or a stranger. A transfer receipt proves you initiated a payment, not that the right person was credited — and once cash is collected or an account is credited, recovery is often impossible.\nThe habits that protect you\nIndependently verify every new beneficiary and every bank-detail change using a phone number you already have — never the one in the message announcing the change. Send a small test payment before a large one (unless the beneficiary prohibits partial payments) and confirm the credited amount and reference. Never share one-time passwords, full card details, remote-access control, or cash-pickup codes. Use unique passwords, passkeys or multifactor authentication, device locks, transaction alerts, and beneficiary whitelists.\nFor property, confirm escrow instructions with the lawyer, title company, notary, or judicial scrivener through an independently sourced contact. Treat urgency, secrecy, guaranteed returns, romance requests, “tax authority” payment demands, and requests to forward money for a stranger as fraud indicators. And never let clients or acquaintances route their money through your personal account — that can create money-mule, tax, account-freezing, and criminal exposure.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/transfer-scams-and-fraud","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen","guide:emergency-transfers-from-japan","guide:large-transfers-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Independently verify every new beneficiary and every change of bank details using a known phone number, send a small test payment before a large one, never share one-time passwords or pickup codes, and treat urgency, secrecy, and requests to forward money for a stranger as fraud indicators.\nThe common cross-border money frauds — beneficiary-detail changes, romance and emergency scams, money mules, and property fraud — and the concrete habits that protect you.\nIndependently verify every new beneficiary and every bank-detail change using a phone number you already have.\nSend a small test payment before a large one, and confirm the exact credited amount and reference.\nNever share one-time passwords, full card details, remote-access control, or cash-pickup codes.\nDo not let anyone route money through your account — it can create money-mule, tax, and criminal exposure.\nThe scams to know\nBeneficiary-detail fraud: a criminal intercepts an invoice or email and changes the bank details, so your payment goes to them. Romance and emergency scams: an urgent, emotional story pressures you to send fast. Money mules: someone asks you to receive and forward money “as a favour” or for a job. Fake investment or “tax authority” demands: a guaranteed return or a threat pushes an immediate transfer. Property fraud: emailed changes to escrow or seller account details divert a deposit.\nThe common thread is pressure plus a change or a stranger. A transfer receipt proves you initiated a payment, not that the right person was credited — and once cash is collected or an account is credited, recovery is often impossible.\nThe habits that protect you\nIndependently verify every new beneficiary and every bank-detail change using a phone number you already have — never the one in the message announcing the change. Send a small test payment before a large one (unless the beneficiary prohibits partial payments) and confirm the credited amount and reference. Never share one-time passwords, full card details, remote-access control, or cash-pickup codes. Use unique passwords, passkeys or multifactor authentication, device locks, transaction alerts, and beneficiary whitelists.\nFor property, confirm escrow instructions with the lawyer, title company, notary, or judicial scrivener through an independently sourced contact. Treat urgency, secrecy, guaranteed returns, romance requests, “tax authority” payment demands, and requests to forward money for a stranger as fraud indicators. And never let clients or acquaintances route their money through your personal account — that can create money-mule, tax, account-freezing, and criminal exposure.","url":"/en/remittance/transfer-scams-and-fraud","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:opening-a-bank-account-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:opening-a-bank-account-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Opening a bank account in Japan","plainText":"With a residence card and a Japanese address you can open an account at most banks; online banks and English-friendly banks are the usual starting points.\nThe documents, choices, and common snags when opening your first Japanese bank account.\nCore requirement is a residence card; some banks also want My Number, a phone number, and a few months of residency.\nOnline banks win on fees and apps; megabanks help for branches and official dealings.\nYour name is registered in katakana — keep it consistent everywhere.\nUpdate address and residency status to avoid a restricted account.\nWhat you need\nThe anchor document is your residence card (在留カード). Most banks also ask for a Japanese address and a phone number, and increasingly for a My Number. Some banks impose a waiting period (often six months of residency) before a new arrival can open certain accounts, while others open immediately — Japan Post Bank and some online banks are often accessible early.\nPrepare a personal seal (hanko) or be ready to sign, and expect your name to be registered in katakana. Keep that katakana spelling identical across your employer, utilities, and cards to avoid transfer and verification problems later.\nWhich bank to choose\nIf you want low fees and a good app, start with an online bank such as Rakuten Bank or Sony Bank. If English support is essential, SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA and Sony Bank are the names people research first. If you need a branch network or expect official and corporate dealings, a megabank or Japan Post Bank can be the practical anchor. Many residents keep two accounts for different jobs.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banking/opening-a-bank-account-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"faqs":["faq:bank-documents","faq:bank-english","faq:bank-no-job"],"products":["product:sony-bank","product:smbc-prestia","product:rakuten-bank","product:japan-post-bank"],"guides":["guide:best-banks-for-foreigners-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japanese Bankers Association (JBA)","url":"https://www.zenginkyo.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"banking","text":"With a residence card and a Japanese address you can open an account at most banks; online banks and English-friendly banks are the usual starting points.\nThe documents, choices, and common snags when opening your first Japanese bank account.\nCore requirement is a residence card; some banks also want My Number, a phone number, and a few months of residency.\nOnline banks win on fees and apps; megabanks help for branches and official dealings.\nYour name is registered in katakana — keep it consistent everywhere.\nUpdate address and residency status to avoid a restricted account.\nWhat you need\nThe anchor document is your residence card (在留カード). Most banks also ask for a Japanese address and a phone number, and increasingly for a My Number. Some banks impose a waiting period (often six months of residency) before a new arrival can open certain accounts, while others open immediately — Japan Post Bank and some online banks are often accessible early.\nPrepare a personal seal (hanko) or be ready to sign, and expect your name to be registered in katakana. Keep that katakana spelling identical across your employer, utilities, and cards to avoid transfer and verification problems later.\nWhich bank to choose\nIf you want low fees and a good app, start with an online bank such as Rakuten Bank or Sony Bank. If English support is essential, SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA and Sony Bank are the names people research first. If you need a branch network or expect official and corporate dealings, a megabank or Japan Post Bank can be the practical anchor. Many residents keep two accounts for different jobs.","url":"/en/banking/opening-a-bank-account-in-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:best-banks-for-foreigners-japan:en","entityId":"guide:best-banks-for-foreigners-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best banks for foreign residents in Japan","plainText":"For English support and foreign currency, research SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA and Sony Bank; for low fees and daily use, Rakuten Bank and other online banks are strong.\nHow to compare banks on English support, fees, apps, and foreign-currency needs.\nRank your priorities: English support, fees, app quality, or foreign-currency features.\nPRESTIA leads on end-to-end English; Sony Bank is strong on FX and app.\nOnline banks minimize fees; megabanks add branches and recognition.\nVerify current fee schedules and English coverage before deciding.\nCompare on what matters to you\nThere is no single “best” bank — only the best fit for your priorities. If you need to do everything in English, PRESTIA is the safest choice, with Sony Bank a strong runner-up that also excels at multi-currency. If you mostly want low fees and a great app, Rakuten Bank and Sony Bank lead. If branch access or official/corporate needs dominate, a megabank or Japan Post Bank fits.\nBecause fee schedules and English coverage change, treat any list as a starting point and confirm the current details on each bank’s official page before you apply.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banking/best-banks-for-foreigners-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"faqs":["faq:bank-english","faq:bank-online-vs-mega"],"products":["product:smbc-prestia","product:sony-bank","product:rakuten-bank","product:shinsei-bank"],"guides":["guide:opening-a-bank-account-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Bank","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"banking","text":"For English support and foreign currency, research SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA and Sony Bank; for low fees and daily use, Rakuten Bank and other online banks are strong.\nHow to compare banks on English support, fees, apps, and foreign-currency needs.\nRank your priorities: English support, fees, app quality, or foreign-currency features.\nPRESTIA leads on end-to-end English; Sony Bank is strong on FX and app.\nOnline banks minimize fees; megabanks add branches and recognition.\nVerify current fee schedules and English coverage before deciding.\nCompare on what matters to you\nThere is no single “best” bank — only the best fit for your priorities. If you need to do everything in English, PRESTIA is the safest choice, with Sony Bank a strong runner-up that also excels at multi-currency. If you mostly want low fees and a great app, Rakuten Bank and Sony Bank lead. If branch access or official/corporate needs dominate, a megabank or Japan Post Bank fits.\nBecause fee schedules and English coverage change, treat any list as a starting point and confirm the current details on each bank’s official page before you apply.","url":"/en/banking/best-banks-for-foreigners-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:getting-a-credit-card-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:getting-a-credit-card-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Getting your first credit card in Japan","plainText":"Each issuer applies undisclosed screening. Compare first cards by stated eligibility, fixed cost, rewards, and payment settings—not presumed approval ease.\nHow issuer-stated eligibility works, how to compare first-card features, and what to do if rejected.\nForeign credit scores do not transfer — you build history from zero in Japan.\nEcosystem cards (Rakuten, Epos) are common first cards.\nIssuers generally do not disclose individual rejection reasons; do not guess or repeatedly apply.\nChoose one point ecosystem that matches your spending.\nHow approval works\nIssuers publish eligibility requirements but do not publish their complete screening models. Enter application details accurately and check the issuer’s required documents. CIC and JICC let you request your own registered credit information, but this site cannot infer how an issuer will decide or promise that any circumstance will help.\nHow to select your first card\nStart from how you actually spend, not from a \"best card\" list. Almost every popular first card in Japan has no annual fee and a base rate of roughly 0.5–1%, so the meaningful difference is which point ecosystem fits your life. If you shop on Rakuten, a Rakuten Card compounds value; if you use docomo, PayPay, or au services, the matching card keeps points in one place instead of scattering them.\nThen narrow by network and practicalities. Pick a widely accepted network (Visa or Mastercard are the safest default; JCB and Amex have narrower overseas acceptance). Check that the card offers the extras you will use — a family card, an ETC card for tolls, or specific wallet support (Apple Pay, Google Pay, QUICPay, iD). Finally, confirm the application is one you can complete with your current documents and a Japanese bank account for the automatic withdrawal.\nBecause you build credit history from zero in Japan, it is usually better to choose one card, use it consistently, and pay in full each month than to apply for several at once. A steady, on-time history on a single no-fee card is the simplest foundation for later upgrades or a second card.\nWhat to consider when comparing cards\nFixed cost: whether the primary card is genuinely no-fee, and whether any fee waiver has conditions. Rewards: the base earning rate that always applies, kept separate from headline campaign rates. Point terms: where points can be spent and when they expire — a high rate is worth little if the points lapse before you use them. Network and acceptance for where you shop and travel. Add-on cards (family, ETC) and digital-wallet support. Payment settings, especially whether automatic revolving (リボ) is off. And practical eligibility: the documents, age, and bank-account requirements you can meet now.\nThe comparison table below lines up the mainstream no-fee cards on the criteria that matter most for a first card. Use it to shortlist two, then open a head-to-head comparison for the final decision.\nIf you are rejected\nIssuers generally do not tell applicants the specific reason for rejection, so do not treat speculation about income, employment, residency or nationality as fact. First check that the application was accurate and complete. Avoid making several reactive applications, and consider requesting your own disclosure from CIC or JICC to check the information registered about you before deciding whether to reapply.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/credit-cards/getting-a-credit-card-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"faqs":["faq:card-foreigner-approval","faq:card-rejected","faq:card-first-card"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card","product:amex-jp"],"guides":["guide:avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JICC","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Each issuer applies undisclosed screening. Compare first cards by stated eligibility, fixed cost, rewards, and payment settings—not presumed approval ease.\nHow issuer-stated eligibility works, how to compare first-card features, and what to do if rejected.\nForeign credit scores do not transfer — you build history from zero in Japan.\nEcosystem cards (Rakuten, Epos) are common first cards.\nIssuers generally do not disclose individual rejection reasons; do not guess or repeatedly apply.\nChoose one point ecosystem that matches your spending.\nHow approval works\nIssuers publish eligibility requirements but do not publish their complete screening models. Enter application details accurately and check the issuer’s required documents. CIC and JICC let you request your own registered credit information, but this site cannot infer how an issuer will decide or promise that any circumstance will help.\nHow to select your first card\nStart from how you actually spend, not from a \"best card\" list. Almost every popular first card in Japan has no annual fee and a base rate of roughly 0.5–1%, so the meaningful difference is which point ecosystem fits your life. If you shop on Rakuten, a Rakuten Card compounds value; if you use docomo, PayPay, or au services, the matching card keeps points in one place instead of scattering them.\nThen narrow by network and practicalities. Pick a widely accepted network (Visa or Mastercard are the safest default; JCB and Amex have narrower overseas acceptance). Check that the card offers the extras you will use — a family card, an ETC card for tolls, or specific wallet support (Apple Pay, Google Pay, QUICPay, iD). Finally, confirm the application is one you can complete with your current documents and a Japanese bank account for the automatic withdrawal.\nBecause you build credit history from zero in Japan, it is usually better to choose one card, use it consistently, and pay in full each month than to apply for several at once. A steady, on-time history on a single no-fee card is the simplest foundation for later upgrades or a second card.\nWhat to consider when comparing cards\nFixed cost: whether the primary card is genuinely no-fee, and whether any fee waiver has conditions. Rewards: the base earning rate that always applies, kept separate from headline campaign rates. Point terms: where points can be spent and when they expire — a high rate is worth little if the points lapse before you use them. Network and acceptance for where you shop and travel. Add-on cards (family, ETC) and digital-wallet support. Payment settings, especially whether automatic revolving (リボ) is off. And practical eligibility: the documents, age, and bank-account requirements you can meet now.\nThe comparison table below lines up the mainstream no-fee cards on the criteria that matter most for a first card. Use it to shortlist two, then open a head-to-head comparison for the final decision.\nIf you are rejected\nIssuers generally do not tell applicants the specific reason for rejection, so do not treat speculation about income, employment, residency or nationality as fact. First check that the application was accurate and complete. Avoid making several reactive applications, and consider requesting your own disclosure from CIC or JICC to check the information registered about you before deciding whether to reapply.","url":"/en/credit-cards/getting-a-credit-card-in-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai:en","entityId":"guide:avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Avoiding the リボ払い (revolving payment) trap","plainText":"リボ払い carries an issuer-disclosed fee on the outstanding balance and can extend repayment. Choose 一括払い when appropriate and verify every statement and automatic-revolving setting.\nWhat revolving payment is, why it costs so much, and how to switch it off.\nRevolving payment charges the disclosed fee and can be activated through an automatic-revolving setting.\nPay-in-full (一括払い) each month means no interest.\nPoint bonuses are sometimes used to nudge you into revolving.\nCheck and change your card’s payment setting in the app.\nWhy it costs so much\nRevolving payment keeps your monthly payment small and fixed, but the unpaid balance carries interest — commonly around 15% a year. Because the balance shrinks slowly, interest accumulates and a modest purchase can cost far more over time. Some cards enable revolving by default or promote it with extra points, so people end up in it without realizing.\nHow to avoid it\nChoose 一括払い (pay in full) at checkout and set your card’s default payment method to full payment in the app or member site. Review your statement for any リボ or “automatic revolving” setting and turn it off. If you already carry a revolving balance, paying it down faster than the minimum reduces the interest you pay.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/credit-cards/avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"faqs":["faq:card-riborai","faq:card-annual-fee"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:getting-a-credit-card-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Consumer Credit Association","url":"https://www.j-credit.or.jp/customer/basis/revolving.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"リボ払い carries an issuer-disclosed fee on the outstanding balance and can extend repayment. Choose 一括払い when appropriate and verify every statement and automatic-revolving setting.\nWhat revolving payment is, why it costs so much, and how to switch it off.\nRevolving payment charges the disclosed fee and can be activated through an automatic-revolving setting.\nPay-in-full (一括払い) each month means no interest.\nPoint bonuses are sometimes used to nudge you into revolving.\nCheck and change your card’s payment setting in the app.\nWhy it costs so much\nRevolving payment keeps your monthly payment small and fixed, but the unpaid balance carries interest — commonly around 15% a year. Because the balance shrinks slowly, interest accumulates and a modest purchase can cost far more over time. Some cards enable revolving by default or promote it with extra points, so people end up in it without realizing.\nHow to avoid it\nChoose 一括払い (pay in full) at checkout and set your card’s default payment method to full payment in the app or member site. Review your statement for any リボ or “automatic revolving” setting and turn it off. If you already carry a revolving balance, paying it down faster than the minimum reduces the interest you pay.","url":"/en/credit-cards/avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:what-is-nisa:en","entityId":"guide:what-is-nisa","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is NISA? A beginner’s guide","plainText":"NISA is a tax-free investment account; since 2024 it allows ¥3.6M/year (¥18M lifetime) of investments whose gains are never taxed.\nThe tax-free investment account, its 2024 limits, and how to think about it.\nNew NISA (2024): ¥1.2M tsumitate + ¥2.4M growth per year, ¥18M lifetime.\nGains and dividends inside NISA are tax-free with no time limit.\nYou open NISA at a brokerage; most beginners use low-cost index funds.\nUS persons and people leaving Japan need extra caution.\nHow the new NISA works\nSince the 2024 renewal, NISA is a single permanent system with two frames you can use together: the tsumitate (accumulation) frame up to ¥1.2M a year for regulator-screened funds, and the growth frame up to ¥2.4M a year for a wider range — ¥3.6M combined annually, capped at ¥18M lifetime. Gains and dividends are never taxed, and there is no expiry on the exemption. If you sell, the lifetime capacity you used frees up again the following year.\nWhat to watch out for\nNISA is a container, not an investment — what you put inside determines your risk. Most beginners research broad, low-cost index funds rather than individual stocks. Two cross-border cautions: US citizens and green-card holders face heavy US taxation on Japanese funds (PFIC rules), and NISA generally cannot continue after you leave Japan. Plan for both before committing large sums.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/what-is-nisa","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan","faq:nisa-us-citizen","faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"NISA is a tax-free investment account; since 2024 it allows ¥3.6M/year (¥18M lifetime) of investments whose gains are never taxed.\nThe tax-free investment account, its 2024 limits, and how to think about it.\nNew NISA (2024): ¥1.2M tsumitate + ¥2.4M growth per year, ¥18M lifetime.\nGains and dividends inside NISA are tax-free with no time limit.\nYou open NISA at a brokerage; most beginners use low-cost index funds.\nUS persons and people leaving Japan need extra caution.\nHow the new NISA works\nSince the 2024 renewal, NISA is a single permanent system with two frames you can use together: the tsumitate (accumulation) frame up to ¥1.2M a year for regulator-screened funds, and the growth frame up to ¥2.4M a year for a wider range — ¥3.6M combined annually, capped at ¥18M lifetime. Gains and dividends are never taxed, and there is no expiry on the exemption. If you sell, the lifetime capacity you used frees up again the following year.\nWhat to watch out for\nNISA is a container, not an investment — what you put inside determines your risk. Most beginners research broad, low-cost index funds rather than individual stocks. Two cross-border cautions: US citizens and green-card holders face heavy US taxation on Japanese funds (PFIC rules), and NISA generally cannot continue after you leave Japan. Plan for both before committing large sums.","url":"/en/investing/what-is-nisa","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:nisa-vs-ideco:en","entityId":"guide:nisa-vs-ideco","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA vs iDeCo: which comes first?","plainText":"NISA is flexible (withdraw anytime, tax-free growth); iDeCo gives a bigger up-front tax deduction but locks funds until 60 — many use NISA first.\nHow the two tax-advantaged accounts differ and how to sequence them.\nNISA: flexible, tax-free growth, withdraw anytime.\niDeCo: contributions cut taxable income now, locked until 60.\niDeCo limits depend on your pension category.\nLeaving Japan makes iDeCo’s lock-up a bigger drawback.\nThe core difference\nBoth shelter investment growth from tax, but they trade off flexibility against up-front benefit. NISA gives no income-tax deduction but lets you withdraw anytime with tax-free gains. iDeCo deducts your contributions from taxable income now — a real, immediate saving — but locks the money until age 60 and taxes withdrawals under separate (often favorable) rules. iDeCo contribution limits depend on whether you are self-employed, an employee with or without a corporate pension, etc.\nHow to sequence them\nA common approach is to use NISA first for its flexibility, then add iDeCo for the deduction if you are confident you will not need the money before 60 and expect to stay in Japan. If you might leave Japan, iDeCo’s lock-up and cross-border complexity weigh against it. There is no universal answer — match the choice to your time horizon and residency plans.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/nisa-vs-ideco","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities"],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"NISA is flexible (withdraw anytime, tax-free growth); iDeCo gives a bigger up-front tax deduction but locks funds until 60 — many use NISA first.\nHow the two tax-advantaged accounts differ and how to sequence them.\nNISA: flexible, tax-free growth, withdraw anytime.\niDeCo: contributions cut taxable income now, locked until 60.\niDeCo limits depend on your pension category.\nLeaving Japan makes iDeCo’s lock-up a bigger drawback.\nThe core difference\nBoth shelter investment growth from tax, but they trade off flexibility against up-front benefit. NISA gives no income-tax deduction but lets you withdraw anytime with tax-free gains. iDeCo deducts your contributions from taxable income now — a real, immediate saving — but locks the money until age 60 and taxes withdrawals under separate (often favorable) rules. iDeCo contribution limits depend on whether you are self-employed, an employee with or without a corporate pension, etc.\nHow to sequence them\nA common approach is to use NISA first for its flexibility, then add iDeCo for the deduction if you are confident you will not need the money before 60 and expect to stay in Japan. If you might leave Japan, iDeCo’s lock-up and cross-border complexity weigh against it. There is no universal answer — match the choice to your time horizon and residency plans.","url":"/en/investing/nisa-vs-ideco","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan:en","entityId":"guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Choosing a brokerage in Japan","plainText":"Rakuten Securities and SBI Securities are the default low-cost choices for NISA and index funds; Monex is a common alternative, especially for US stocks.\nWhat to compare across Rakuten Securities, SBI Securities, and Monex.\nCompare fund fees, NISA/iDeCo support, and point integration.\nRakuten and SBI dominate on low-cost funds; Monex is strong on US stocks.\nEcosystem fit (bank, points) often decides between the top two.\nInterfaces are Japanese-first; verify current fees.\nWhat to compare\nFor most beginners the decision comes down to a handful of factors: the fund lineup and fees (all three offer major low-cost index funds), NISA and iDeCo support (all three have it), point-program integration, and how well the brokerage links to a bank you already use. Rakuten Securities pairs naturally with Rakuten Bank and points; SBI Securities offers the widest lineup and multiple point options; Monex is often chosen for US-stock access and research tools.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/investing/choosing-a-brokerage-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:nisa-vs-ideco"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"Rakuten Securities and SBI Securities are the default low-cost choices for NISA and index funds; Monex is a common alternative, especially for US stocks.\nWhat to compare across Rakuten Securities, SBI Securities, and Monex.\nCompare fund fees, NISA/iDeCo support, and point integration.\nRakuten and SBI dominate on low-cost funds; Monex is strong on US stocks.\nEcosystem fit (bank, points) often decides between the top two.\nInterfaces are Japanese-first; verify current fees.\nWhat to compare\nFor most beginners the decision comes down to a handful of factors: the fund lineup and fees (all three offer major low-cost index funds), NISA and iDeCo support (all three have it), point-program integration, and how well the brokerage links to a bank you already use. Rakuten Securities pairs naturally with Rakuten Bank and points; SBI Securities offers the widest lineup and multiple point options; Monex is often chosen for US-stock access and research tools.","url":"/en/investing/choosing-a-brokerage-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:japan-tax-residency-explained:en","entityId":"guide:japan-tax-residency-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan tax residency explained","plainText":"Japan taxes you by tax-residency category (separate from your visa): non-residents on Japan-source income, non-permanent residents also on remitted foreign income, permanent residents on worldwide income.\nNon-resident, non-permanent, and permanent resident — and what each is taxed on.\nTax residency ≠ immigration status.\nNon-permanent resident: under 5 of last 10 years in Japan, no permanent intent.\nRemitting foreign income to Japan can make it taxable for non-permanent residents.\nPermanent residents (for tax) are taxed on worldwide income.\nThe three categories\nFor income tax, Japan classifies individuals as non-residents, non-permanent residents, or permanent residents — a tax concept distinct from immigration “permanent residence.” Non-residents are taxed only on Japan-source income. Non-permanent residents (those who have had a domicile in Japan for five years or less within the last ten, without permanent intent) are taxed on Japan-source income plus foreign-source income paid in or remitted to Japan. Permanent residents for tax are taxed on worldwide income.\nWhy it matters\nYour category determines whether foreign salary, overseas investment income, or money you bring into Japan is taxable here. This is where many cross-border mistakes happen — for example, remitting overseas income to a Japanese account can create a tax liability for a non-permanent resident. When foreign income or assets are involved, confirm your status and obligations with the NTA or a licensed tax accountant (税理士).","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/japan-tax-residency-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status","faq:remit-overseas-income"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","guide:furusato-nozei-explained"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Japan taxes you by tax-residency category (separate from your visa): non-residents on Japan-source income, non-permanent residents also on remitted foreign income, permanent residents on worldwide income.\nNon-resident, non-permanent, and permanent resident — and what each is taxed on.\nTax residency ≠ immigration status.\nNon-permanent resident: under 5 of last 10 years in Japan, no permanent intent.\nRemitting foreign income to Japan can make it taxable for non-permanent residents.\nPermanent residents (for tax) are taxed on worldwide income.\nThe three categories\nFor income tax, Japan classifies individuals as non-residents, non-permanent residents, or permanent residents — a tax concept distinct from immigration “permanent residence.” Non-residents are taxed only on Japan-source income. Non-permanent residents (those who have had a domicile in Japan for five years or less within the last ten, without permanent intent) are taxed on Japan-source income plus foreign-source income paid in or remitted to Japan. Permanent residents for tax are taxed on worldwide income.\nWhy it matters\nYour category determines whether foreign salary, overseas investment income, or money you bring into Japan is taxable here. This is where many cross-border mistakes happen — for example, remitting overseas income to a Japanese account can create a tax liability for a non-permanent resident. When foreign income or assets are involved, confirm your status and obligations with the NTA or a licensed tax accountant (税理士).","url":"/en/tax/japan-tax-residency-explained","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:furusato-nozei-explained:en","entityId":"guide:furusato-nozei-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Furusato Nozei explained","plainText":"Furusato Nozei lets you donate to local governments for gifts while deducting almost the whole amount from your taxes — you effectively pay ¥2,000 for the gifts.\nHow the hometown-tax donation scheme turns resident tax into local gifts.\nDonations are deducted from resident and income tax, minus ¥2,000.\nYou receive local gifts (food, goods) in return.\nThere is an income- and family-based limit to the benefit.\nClaim via One-Stop Exception or a tax return.\nHow it works\nYou donate to any local government through a Furusato Nozei portal and often receive a “thank-you gift” (返礼品). Almost the entire donation is then deducted from your resident tax and income tax, so aside from a flat ¥2,000, you are redirecting tax you would pay anyway — and getting gifts for it. There is a limit to how much you can donate advantageously, set by your income and household situation, so use an official limit simulator before donating.\nClaiming the deduction\nTo get the deduction you must claim it. Salaried people donating to five or fewer municipalities can use the One-Stop Exception by submitting a form to each locality. Otherwise, or if you already file, report the donations on your tax return with the receipts. Miss the paperwork and you lose the deduction, turning it into an ordinary (expensive) purchase.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/furusato-nozei-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-furusato","faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1155.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Furusato Nozei lets you donate to local governments for gifts while deducting almost the whole amount from your taxes — you effectively pay ¥2,000 for the gifts.\nHow the hometown-tax donation scheme turns resident tax into local gifts.\nDonations are deducted from resident and income tax, minus ¥2,000.\nYou receive local gifts (food, goods) in return.\nThere is an income- and family-based limit to the benefit.\nClaim via One-Stop Exception or a tax return.\nHow it works\nYou donate to any local government through a Furusato Nozei portal and often receive a “thank-you gift” (返礼品). Almost the entire donation is then deducted from your resident tax and income tax, so aside from a flat ¥2,000, you are redirecting tax you would pay anyway — and getting gifts for it. There is a limit to how much you can donate advantageously, set by your income and household situation, so use an official limit simulator before donating.\nClaiming the deduction\nTo get the deduction you must claim it. Salaried people donating to five or fewer municipalities can use the One-Stop Exception by submitting a form to each locality. Otherwise, or if you already file, report the donations on your tax return with the receipts. Miss the paperwork and you lose the deduction, turning it into an ordinary (expensive) purchase.","url":"/en/tax/furusato-nozei-explained","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return:en","entityId":"guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do I need to file a tax return in Japan?","plainText":"Many employees are settled by year-end adjustment; you generally must file if you have side income over ¥200,000, multiple employers, self-employment, or want certain deductions.\nWhen year-end adjustment is enough and when you must file a 確定申告.\nYear-end adjustment (年末調整) settles most employees automatically.\nFile if side income >¥200,000, two employers, or self-employment.\nFile to claim medical, first-year mortgage, or donation deductions.\nFor 2025 income, the filing period was Feb 16–Mar 16, 2026, via e-Tax.\nWhen you probably do not need to file\nIf you are a single-employer salaried worker with taxes withheld and your employer completed your year-end adjustment (年末調整), your income tax is usually already settled and no return is needed. The year-end adjustment handles standard deductions and reconciles what was withheld.\nWhen you must (or should) file\nYou generally must file a 確定申告 if you have more than ¥200,000 of side income, two or more employers, self-employment or business income, or large investment/crypto gains not otherwise settled. You should also file — even when not required — to claim deductions like significant medical expenses, the first-year mortgage credit, or donations (including some Furusato Nozei cases). For 2025 income, filing ran February 16–March 16, 2026 through e-Tax, with records for each deduction. Check the NTA for the applicable year rather than reusing these dates.\nRecords, e-Tax, and when to get help\nKeep each employer’s withholding slip (源泉徴収票), My Number details, deduction certificates, donation or medical-expense records, and bank details for a refund. e-Tax is the NTA filing channel; resident tax is administered by your municipality and normally follows the income information reported nationally. Health-insurance premiums and pension contributions are separate social-insurance systems, not resident tax, even when they appear beside tax on a payslip.\nAsk a licensed tax accountant before filing if you have foreign income or assets, unclear residency, multiple countries, a business, crypto transactions, a notice from an authority, or cannot reconcile withholding. Ask your municipality about resident-tax billing and your employer, insurer, pension office, or Japan Pension Service about social-insurance and pension records.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tax/do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file","faq:tax-crypto","faq:freelance-blue-return"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:furusato-nozei-explained","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.e-tax.nta.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/shinkoku/tokushu/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"Many employees are settled by year-end adjustment; you generally must file if you have side income over ¥200,000, multiple employers, self-employment, or want certain deductions.\nWhen year-end adjustment is enough and when you must file a 確定申告.\nYear-end adjustment (年末調整) settles most employees automatically.\nFile if side income >¥200,000, two employers, or self-employment.\nFile to claim medical, first-year mortgage, or donation deductions.\nFor 2025 income, the filing period was Feb 16–Mar 16, 2026, via e-Tax.\nWhen you probably do not need to file\nIf you are a single-employer salaried worker with taxes withheld and your employer completed your year-end adjustment (年末調整), your income tax is usually already settled and no return is needed. The year-end adjustment handles standard deductions and reconciles what was withheld.\nWhen you must (or should) file\nYou generally must file a 確定申告 if you have more than ¥200,000 of side income, two or more employers, self-employment or business income, or large investment/crypto gains not otherwise settled. You should also file — even when not required — to claim deductions like significant medical expenses, the first-year mortgage credit, or donations (including some Furusato Nozei cases). For 2025 income, filing ran February 16–March 16, 2026 through e-Tax, with records for each deduction. Check the NTA for the applicable year rather than reusing these dates.\nRecords, e-Tax, and when to get help\nKeep each employer’s withholding slip (源泉徴収票), My Number details, deduction certificates, donation or medical-expense records, and bank details for a refund. e-Tax is the NTA filing channel; resident tax is administered by your municipality and normally follows the income information reported nationally. Health-insurance premiums and pension contributions are separate social-insurance systems, not resident tax, even when they appear beside tax on a payslip.\nAsk a licensed tax accountant before filing if you have foreign income or assets, unclear residency, multiple countries, a business, crypto transactions, a notice from an authority, or cannot reconcile withholding. Ask your municipality about resident-tax billing and your employer, insurer, pension office, or Japan Pension Service about social-insurance and pension records.","url":"/en/tax/do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor:en","entityId":"guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Becoming a sole proprietor in Japan","plainText":"File a 開業届 with your tax office and the 青色申告 application at the same time; set up cloud accounting and reserve 20–35% of profit for taxes.\nThe 開業届, the blue return, and the money systems freelancers set up first.\nThe 開業届 registers you as a sole proprietor — free and quick.\nFile the blue-return application at the same time for the deduction.\nUse cloud accounting (freee, Money Forward) to keep books.\nReserve 20–35% of profit for tax, pension, and health insurance.\nThe setup steps\nRegister by filing a notification of business opening (開業届) with your local tax office, ideally within about a month of starting. At the same time, submit the blue-return application (青色申告承認申請書) to unlock a deduction of up to ¥650,000 and loss carry-forward. Consider a dedicated business bank account and card to keep records clean, and confirm your residence status permits self-employment.\nThe money systems to build\nBookkeeping is the ongoing work, and cloud tools like freee or Money Forward Cloud automate most of it by importing bank and card transactions and generating blue-return forms and e-Tax data. Because you pay your own income tax, resident tax, national pension, and national health insurance, many freelancers move 20–35% of each payment into a separate tax-reserve account so nothing is a surprise at filing time.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/becoming-a-sole-proprietor","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-open","faq:freelance-blue-return","faq:freelance-reserve","faq:freelance-health-insurance"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi"],"guides":["guide:invoice-system-explained"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"File a 開業届 with your tax office and the 青色申告 application at the same time; set up cloud accounting and reserve 20–35% of profit for taxes.\nThe 開業届, the blue return, and the money systems freelancers set up first.\nThe 開業届 registers you as a sole proprietor — free and quick.\nFile the blue-return application at the same time for the deduction.\nUse cloud accounting (freee, Money Forward) to keep books.\nReserve 20–35% of profit for tax, pension, and health insurance.\nThe setup steps\nRegister by filing a notification of business opening (開業届) with your local tax office, ideally within about a month of starting. At the same time, submit the blue-return application (青色申告承認申請書) to unlock a deduction of up to ¥650,000 and loss carry-forward. Consider a dedicated business bank account and card to keep records clean, and confirm your residence status permits self-employment.\nThe money systems to build\nBookkeeping is the ongoing work, and cloud tools like freee or Money Forward Cloud automate most of it by importing bank and card transactions and generating blue-return forms and e-Tax data. Because you pay your own income tax, resident tax, national pension, and national health insurance, many freelancers move 20–35% of each payment into a separate tax-reserve account so nothing is a surprise at filing time.","url":"/en/freelancers/becoming-a-sole-proprietor","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:invoice-system-explained:en","entityId":"guide:invoice-system-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"The invoice system (インボイス) explained","plainText":"Since October 2023, clients need a supplier’s T-number to claim consumption-tax credits; registering makes you a consumption-tax payer, so weigh it against your client base.\nWhat the qualified-invoice system means for small businesses and whether to register.\nThe system took effect October 1, 2023.\nA registered supplier issues invoices with a T-number.\nRegistering makes you a consumption-tax payer.\nWhether to register depends on who your clients are.\nWhat changed\nUnder the qualified invoice system, a business buyer can only claim a consumption-tax input credit if the invoice carries a registered supplier’s T-number. Previously, small suppliers under the tax-exempt threshold could still let buyers claim credits; now buyers face a shrinking transitional allowance for purchases from unregistered suppliers, stepping down over several years. That is why some clients now ask freelancers to register.\nShould you register?\nIt is a genuine trade-off. If your clients are businesses that need qualified invoices, not registering can cost you work or push you to absorb the tax. If your clients are consumers or tax-exempt small businesses, registering may simply add consumption-tax cost and paperwork for no benefit. Map your client base, estimate the consumption-tax cost of registering, and — if it is close — ask a tax accountant before deciding.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/invoice-system-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-invoice"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Since October 2023, clients need a supplier’s T-number to claim consumption-tax credits; registering makes you a consumption-tax payer, so weigh it against your client base.\nWhat the qualified-invoice system means for small businesses and whether to register.\nThe system took effect October 1, 2023.\nA registered supplier issues invoices with a T-number.\nRegistering makes you a consumption-tax payer.\nWhether to register depends on who your clients are.\nWhat changed\nUnder the qualified invoice system, a business buyer can only claim a consumption-tax input credit if the invoice carries a registered supplier’s T-number. Previously, small suppliers under the tax-exempt threshold could still let buyers claim credits; now buyers face a shrinking transitional allowance for purchases from unregistered suppliers, stepping down over several years. That is why some clients now ask freelancers to register.\nShould you register?\nIt is a genuine trade-off. If your clients are businesses that need qualified invoices, not registering can cost you work or push you to absorb the tax. If your clients are consumers or tax-exempt small businesses, registering may simply add consumption-tax cost and paperwork for no benefit. Map your client base, estimate the consumption-tax cost of registering, and — if it is close — ask a tax accountant before deciding.","url":"/en/freelancers/invoice-system-explained","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan:en","entityId":"guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How freelancers are taxed in Japan","plainText":"A sole proprietor pays income tax (progressive, national), resident tax (~10%, billed the next year), plus National Pension and National Health Insurance — all on profit after expenses and deductions.\nThe four bills a sole proprietor pays — income tax, resident tax, pension, and health insurance — and how they connect.\nTax is on profit (revenue − expenses − deductions), not on revenue.\nIncome tax is progressive and national; resident tax is roughly 10% and lags a year.\nNational Pension is a flat monthly amount; National Health Insurance is income-based.\nThe blue return and pension-type deductions are your main levers to lower the base.\nThe four bills, and the base they share\nAlmost everything you owe is calculated from one number: your business profit, which is revenue minus necessary expenses. From that, personal deductions (the basic deduction, the blue-return special deduction, social-insurance premiums, small-business mutual aid, and iDeCo, among others) are subtracted to reach taxable income. National income tax is charged on that at progressive rates, and local resident tax adds roughly 10% on a similar base.\nThe two social-insurance bills sit alongside the taxes. National Pension is a flat monthly premium set each year; National Health Insurance is calculated by your municipality from your prior-year income. Because resident tax and health insurance both look back at last year, your bills lag your income — a strong year is followed by higher bills the next, which catches many first-year freelancers off guard.\nWhat actually lowers the bill\nThree levers do most of the work. First, claim every legitimate business expense with evidence. Second, file a blue return so you can take the special deduction (up to ¥650,000 with double-entry books and e-filing) and carry losses forward. Third, use deductible retirement and pension schemes built for the self-employed — small-business mutual aid, iDeCo, and the National Pension Fund — which cut taxable income while building your own safety net.\nSet aside a tax reserve from every payment rather than facing the total at filing. A common rule of thumb is 20–35% of profit across all four bills, rising as income grows because income tax is progressive. Confirm each year’s rates, brackets, and deduction amounts before filing — recent reforms have moved the basic deduction and the income thresholds, so last year’s numbers may be stale.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/freelancer-income-tax-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-what-taxes","faq:freelance-reserve","faq:freelance-health-insurance"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"A sole proprietor pays income tax (progressive, national), resident tax (~10%, billed the next year), plus National Pension and National Health Insurance — all on profit after expenses and deductions.\nThe four bills a sole proprietor pays — income tax, resident tax, pension, and health insurance — and how they connect.\nTax is on profit (revenue − expenses − deductions), not on revenue.\nIncome tax is progressive and national; resident tax is roughly 10% and lags a year.\nNational Pension is a flat monthly amount; National Health Insurance is income-based.\nThe blue return and pension-type deductions are your main levers to lower the base.\nThe four bills, and the base they share\nAlmost everything you owe is calculated from one number: your business profit, which is revenue minus necessary expenses. From that, personal deductions (the basic deduction, the blue-return special deduction, social-insurance premiums, small-business mutual aid, and iDeCo, among others) are subtracted to reach taxable income. National income tax is charged on that at progressive rates, and local resident tax adds roughly 10% on a similar base.\nThe two social-insurance bills sit alongside the taxes. National Pension is a flat monthly premium set each year; National Health Insurance is calculated by your municipality from your prior-year income. Because resident tax and health insurance both look back at last year, your bills lag your income — a strong year is followed by higher bills the next, which catches many first-year freelancers off guard.\nWhat actually lowers the bill\nThree levers do most of the work. First, claim every legitimate business expense with evidence. Second, file a blue return so you can take the special deduction (up to ¥650,000 with double-entry books and e-filing) and carry losses forward. Third, use deductible retirement and pension schemes built for the self-employed — small-business mutual aid, iDeCo, and the National Pension Fund — which cut taxable income while building your own safety net.\nSet aside a tax reserve from every payment rather than facing the total at filing. A common rule of thumb is 20–35% of profit across all four bills, rising as income grows because income tax is progressive. Confirm each year’s rates, brackets, and deduction amounts before filing — recent reforms have moved the basic deduction and the income thresholds, so last year’s numbers may be stale.","url":"/en/freelancers/freelancer-income-tax-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan:en","entityId":"guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Blue vs white tax return in Japan","plainText":"The blue return rewards double-entry bookkeeping with a deduction of up to ¥650,000, loss carry-forward, and family-salary deductions; the white return is simpler but gives none of these.\nWhat the blue return gives you, what it asks in return, and when the simpler white return is fine.\nBlue return needs prior approval — file the 青色申告承認申請書 in time.\nThe ¥650,000 deduction needs double-entry books plus e-filing or e-books; otherwise it is ¥550,000 or ¥100,000.\nBlue filers can carry losses forward three years and deduct family salaries.\nThe white return needs simple records but offers no special deduction.\nWhat the blue return gives you\nThe headline is the special deduction: up to ¥650,000 subtracted from business income when you keep double-entry books and file electronically (or keep qualifying electronic books). Keep double-entry books but file on paper and it is ¥550,000; keep only simple single-entry books and it drops to ¥100,000. On top of the deduction, blue filers can carry a business loss forward for three years to offset future profit, and deduct salaries paid to family members who work in the business.\nApproval is not automatic. You must file the blue-return application (青色申告承認申請書) by the deadline — generally within two months of starting the business, or by March 15 to apply it to the current year. Miss it and you file white for that year and apply blue the next.\nWhen white is fine — and how software closes the gap\nThe white return still requires you to keep records and retain evidence, so the old idea that white means “no bookkeeping” is outdated. Given that, the extra discipline for blue is smaller than it looks, and the deduction usually more than pays for it once you have steady income. White can be reasonable for very small or winding-down activity where the deduction would be minimal.\nCloud accounting removes most of the friction: freee, Money Forward Cloud, and Yayoi generate double-entry books from imported bank and card data and produce the blue-return forms and e-Tax file. For most freelancers, choosing blue and letting software keep the books is the straightforward win.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/blue-vs-white-return-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-blue-return","faq:freelance-which-software"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi"],"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2080.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"The blue return rewards double-entry bookkeeping with a deduction of up to ¥650,000, loss carry-forward, and family-salary deductions; the white return is simpler but gives none of these.\nWhat the blue return gives you, what it asks in return, and when the simpler white return is fine.\nBlue return needs prior approval — file the 青色申告承認申請書 in time.\nThe ¥650,000 deduction needs double-entry books plus e-filing or e-books; otherwise it is ¥550,000 or ¥100,000.\nBlue filers can carry losses forward three years and deduct family salaries.\nThe white return needs simple records but offers no special deduction.\nWhat the blue return gives you\nThe headline is the special deduction: up to ¥650,000 subtracted from business income when you keep double-entry books and file electronically (or keep qualifying electronic books). Keep double-entry books but file on paper and it is ¥550,000; keep only simple single-entry books and it drops to ¥100,000. On top of the deduction, blue filers can carry a business loss forward for three years to offset future profit, and deduct salaries paid to family members who work in the business.\nApproval is not automatic. You must file the blue-return application (青色申告承認申請書) by the deadline — generally within two months of starting the business, or by March 15 to apply it to the current year. Miss it and you file white for that year and apply blue the next.\nWhen white is fine — and how software closes the gap\nThe white return still requires you to keep records and retain evidence, so the old idea that white means “no bookkeeping” is outdated. Given that, the extra discipline for blue is smaller than it looks, and the deduction usually more than pays for it once you have steady income. White can be reasonable for very small or winding-down activity where the deduction would be minimal.\nCloud accounting removes most of the friction: freee, Money Forward Cloud, and Yayoi generate double-entry books from imported bank and card data and produce the blue-return forms and e-Tax file. For most freelancers, choosing blue and letting software keep the books is the straightforward win.","url":"/en/freelancers/blue-vs-white-return-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:consumption-tax-freelancers-japan:en","entityId":"guide:consumption-tax-freelancers-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Consumption tax for freelancers in Japan","plainText":"You are normally exempt until taxable sales pass ¥10 million in the base period, but registering for the invoice system makes you a consumption-tax payer regardless — the simplified and 20% special methods can soften the cost.\nWhen you become a taxable business, how the invoice system overrides the exemption, and the simplified and 20% options.\nExempt while base-period (two years prior) taxable sales are ¥10 million or less.\nA specified-period test on the prior year’s first half can also make you taxable.\nInvoice-system registration makes you a taxable business even below ¥10 million.\nSimplified taxation and the 20% special measure can reduce what you calculate and pay.\nAre you a taxable business?\nThe default test looks back two years: if your taxable sales in the base period (for an individual, the year two years earlier) were ¥10 million or less, you are an exempt business and do not charge or remit consumption tax. A second “specified-period” test can pull you in earlier if sales — or wages you pay — in the first half of the prior year exceed ¥10 million. New sole proprietors are therefore usually exempt for their first couple of years unless they elect otherwise.\nThe invoice system changed the calculus. If you register as a qualified invoice issuer to get a T-number, you become a taxable business even if your sales are well under ¥10 million. So the real decision for most small freelancers is not the ¥10 million threshold — it is whether to register for the invoice system at all.\nSimplified and the 20% special measure\nIf you are taxable, you need not always compute tax on every purchase. Under simplified taxation (available by election when base-period sales are ¥50 million or less), you estimate deductible input tax from a fixed rate for your business category, which is far less work. Separately, a temporary “20% special measure” has let many newly registered small businesses pay just 20% of the tax on their sales, sharply reducing both cost and paperwork.\nThese measures are date-sensitive and being revised: the 20% special measure applies through the tax period covering the changeover in 2026, and the buyer-side transitional credit for purchases from unregistered suppliers steps down from 80% to 50% from October 2026. Because eligibility, elections, and end dates all turn on your specific year, confirm the current position with the NTA or a 税理士 before you rely on any of them.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/consumption-tax-freelancers-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-consumption-tax-when","faq:freelance-invoice"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:invoice-system-explained","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6505.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"You are normally exempt until taxable sales pass ¥10 million in the base period, but registering for the invoice system makes you a consumption-tax payer regardless — the simplified and 20% special methods can soften the cost.\nWhen you become a taxable business, how the invoice system overrides the exemption, and the simplified and 20% options.\nExempt while base-period (two years prior) taxable sales are ¥10 million or less.\nA specified-period test on the prior year’s first half can also make you taxable.\nInvoice-system registration makes you a taxable business even below ¥10 million.\nSimplified taxation and the 20% special measure can reduce what you calculate and pay.\nAre you a taxable business?\nThe default test looks back two years: if your taxable sales in the base period (for an individual, the year two years earlier) were ¥10 million or less, you are an exempt business and do not charge or remit consumption tax. A second “specified-period” test can pull you in earlier if sales — or wages you pay — in the first half of the prior year exceed ¥10 million. New sole proprietors are therefore usually exempt for their first couple of years unless they elect otherwise.\nThe invoice system changed the calculus. If you register as a qualified invoice issuer to get a T-number, you become a taxable business even if your sales are well under ¥10 million. So the real decision for most small freelancers is not the ¥10 million threshold — it is whether to register for the invoice system at all.\nSimplified and the 20% special measure\nIf you are taxable, you need not always compute tax on every purchase. Under simplified taxation (available by election when base-period sales are ¥50 million or less), you estimate deductible input tax from a fixed rate for your business category, which is far less work. Separately, a temporary “20% special measure” has let many newly registered small businesses pay just 20% of the tax on their sales, sharply reducing both cost and paperwork.\nThese measures are date-sensitive and being revised: the 20% special measure applies through the tax period covering the changeover in 2026, and the buyer-side transitional credit for purchases from unregistered suppliers steps down from 80% to 50% from October 2026. Because eligibility, elections, and end dates all turn on your specific year, confirm the current position with the NTA or a 税理士 before you rely on any of them.","url":"/en/freelancers/consumption-tax-freelancers-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan:en","entityId":"guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Business expenses and deductions for freelancers","plainText":"Deduct costs that are genuinely for the business, keep the evidence, and split mixed personal-business costs (home, phone, car) on a reasonable, documented basis; larger equipment is depreciated over time.\nWhat counts as a necessary expense, how to split mixed personal-business costs, and how equipment is written off.\nOnly costs with a business purpose are deductible — keep receipts and note the purpose.\nMixed personal-business costs need a reasonable, repeatable allocation (家事按分).\nA home office is an area/usage split, not a blanket rent deduction.\nEquipment above the small-asset threshold is depreciated, not fully expensed at once.\nWhat counts, and proving it\nA necessary expense is a cost incurred to earn your business income: supplies, software subscriptions, professional fees, travel to clients, communication, and the like. The test is business purpose, and the burden is on you to show it, so keep receipts and invoices, retain electronic transaction data under the storage rules, and note why a cost was for the business when it is not obvious. Cloud accounting makes this easier by attaching imported transactions to categories, but it does not judge whether a cost is genuinely business-related — that is your call.\nFor costs that serve both your life and your work — home rent and utilities, a phone, a car — you deduct only the business share (家事按分). Use a reasonable, repeatable basis such as floor area for a home office or a usage-time ratio for a phone, write down the method, and apply it consistently. Revisit the split after a move or a change in how you work.\nEquipment and depreciation\nA cheap tool is expensed the year you buy it, but bigger purchases are spread over their useful life through depreciation rather than deducted all at once. There are special rules for smaller assets — including a threshold below which an item can be fully expensed, and a special allowance that lets blue-return filers immediately expense assets up to a higher per-item limit, subject to an annual cap. These thresholds and the useful-life tables are set by the NTA and change, so check the current figures before deciding how to book a laptop, camera, or desk.\nThe practical habit is simple: record what you bought, when, for how much, and its business-use ratio. Your accounting software will apply the depreciation schedule, but only if you enter the asset correctly and keep the purchase evidence.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/business-expenses-deductions-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-what-expenses","faq:freelance-blue-return"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi"],"guides":["guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2080.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Deduct costs that are genuinely for the business, keep the evidence, and split mixed personal-business costs (home, phone, car) on a reasonable, documented basis; larger equipment is depreciated over time.\nWhat counts as a necessary expense, how to split mixed personal-business costs, and how equipment is written off.\nOnly costs with a business purpose are deductible — keep receipts and note the purpose.\nMixed personal-business costs need a reasonable, repeatable allocation (家事按分).\nA home office is an area/usage split, not a blanket rent deduction.\nEquipment above the small-asset threshold is depreciated, not fully expensed at once.\nWhat counts, and proving it\nA necessary expense is a cost incurred to earn your business income: supplies, software subscriptions, professional fees, travel to clients, communication, and the like. The test is business purpose, and the burden is on you to show it, so keep receipts and invoices, retain electronic transaction data under the storage rules, and note why a cost was for the business when it is not obvious. Cloud accounting makes this easier by attaching imported transactions to categories, but it does not judge whether a cost is genuinely business-related — that is your call.\nFor costs that serve both your life and your work — home rent and utilities, a phone, a car — you deduct only the business share (家事按分). Use a reasonable, repeatable basis such as floor area for a home office or a usage-time ratio for a phone, write down the method, and apply it consistently. Revisit the split after a move or a change in how you work.\nEquipment and depreciation\nA cheap tool is expensed the year you buy it, but bigger purchases are spread over their useful life through depreciation rather than deducted all at once. There are special rules for smaller assets — including a threshold below which an item can be fully expensed, and a special allowance that lets blue-return filers immediately expense assets up to a higher per-item limit, subject to an annual cap. These thresholds and the useful-life tables are set by the NTA and change, so check the current figures before deciding how to book a laptop, camera, or desk.\nThe practical habit is simple: record what you bought, when, for how much, and its business-use ratio. Your accounting software will apply the depreciation schedule, but only if you enter the asset correctly and keep the purchase evidence.","url":"/en/freelancers/business-expenses-deductions-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan:en","entityId":"guide:pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Pension and health insurance when self-employed","plainText":"Sole proprietors enroll in the National Pension (a flat monthly premium) and National Health Insurance (income-based, billed by your municipality), pay both in full themselves, and can add optional layers to raise future benefits.\nThe National Pension and National Health Insurance you pay yourself, and the optional layers that close the gaps.\nNo employer split — you pay 100% of both premiums.\nNational Pension is a flat monthly amount reset each fiscal year.\nNational Health Insurance is income-based and set by your municipality.\nOptional add-ons (fixed-amount extra pension, National Pension Fund, iDeCo) raise future benefits.\nThe two systems you join\nLeaving employment for self-employment usually means switching from employees’ pension and health insurance to the National Pension (国民年金) and National Health Insurance (国民健康保険). The National Pension is a flat monthly premium — set at ¥17,920 per month for fiscal 2026 — the same for everyone regardless of income, with prepayment discounts and a low-income exemption/deferral process. National Health Insurance is different: your municipality calculates the premium from your prior-year income, so it rises after a strong year and is capped at an annual maximum.\nBoth switches are your responsibility and are time-sensitive. When you leave a job you generally have a short window to enroll in National Health Insurance (or continue your former plan for up to two years), and you register the pension category change at your municipal office. Missing these can create gaps or back-bills.\nClosing the coverage gaps\nSelf-employment trades an employer’s contribution for control, but it leaves real gaps: a lower future pension than an employee earns, and no built-in sick-pay for many. You can raise the pension floor cheaply with the fixed-amount extra pension (付加年金), and add the National Pension Fund (国民年金基金) or iDeCo for a larger, tax-deductible top-up. For lost income during illness, income-protection insurance or a cash buffer takes the place of employees’ injury-and-sickness allowance.\nTwo rules make this efficient: premiums for National Pension and National Health Insurance are deductible as social-insurance premiums, and the retirement/pension schemes above are separately deductible. So the money you move into your own safety net also lowers this year’s tax — which is why the companion guide treats the self-employed retirement toolkit as one plan.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-health-insurance","faq:freelance-retirement-toolkit"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/kokunen/hokenryo/hokenryo.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Sole proprietors enroll in the National Pension (a flat monthly premium) and National Health Insurance (income-based, billed by your municipality), pay both in full themselves, and can add optional layers to raise future benefits.\nThe National Pension and National Health Insurance you pay yourself, and the optional layers that close the gaps.\nNo employer split — you pay 100% of both premiums.\nNational Pension is a flat monthly amount reset each fiscal year.\nNational Health Insurance is income-based and set by your municipality.\nOptional add-ons (fixed-amount extra pension, National Pension Fund, iDeCo) raise future benefits.\nThe two systems you join\nLeaving employment for self-employment usually means switching from employees’ pension and health insurance to the National Pension (国民年金) and National Health Insurance (国民健康保険). The National Pension is a flat monthly premium — set at ¥17,920 per month for fiscal 2026 — the same for everyone regardless of income, with prepayment discounts and a low-income exemption/deferral process. National Health Insurance is different: your municipality calculates the premium from your prior-year income, so it rises after a strong year and is capped at an annual maximum.\nBoth switches are your responsibility and are time-sensitive. When you leave a job you generally have a short window to enroll in National Health Insurance (or continue your former plan for up to two years), and you register the pension category change at your municipal office. Missing these can create gaps or back-bills.\nClosing the coverage gaps\nSelf-employment trades an employer’s contribution for control, but it leaves real gaps: a lower future pension than an employee earns, and no built-in sick-pay for many. You can raise the pension floor cheaply with the fixed-amount extra pension (付加年金), and add the National Pension Fund (国民年金基金) or iDeCo for a larger, tax-deductible top-up. For lost income during illness, income-protection insurance or a cash buffer takes the place of employees’ injury-and-sickness allowance.\nTwo rules make this efficient: premiums for National Pension and National Health Insurance are deductible as social-insurance premiums, and the retirement/pension schemes above are separately deductible. So the money you move into your own safety net also lowers this year’s tax — which is why the companion guide treats the self-employed retirement toolkit as one plan.","url":"/en/freelancers/pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan:en","entityId":"guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"The self-employed retirement toolkit in Japan","plainText":"Self-employed savers can stack deductible schemes — small-business mutual aid (up to ¥840,000/yr), iDeCo with the National Pension Fund (up to ¥816,000/yr combined), and the low-cost extra pension — to build a retirement while cutting taxable income.\nSmall-business mutual aid, iDeCo, the National Pension Fund, and the extra pension — how the deductible schemes fit together.\nSmall-business mutual aid: ¥1,000–70,000/month, fully deductible, a self-made severance fund.\niDeCo for the self-employed: up to ¥68,000/month, combined with the National Pension Fund.\nThe extra pension (付加年金) is a cheap way to raise the state pension floor.\nAll are income-deductible, so they cut this year’s tax as they build your future.\nThree deductible layers\nBecause the self-employed have a thinner public pension than employees, Japan offers schemes built to close the gap — and each reduces taxable income. Small-business mutual aid (小規模企業共済), run for small proprietors, lets you contribute ¥1,000–70,000 a month (up to ¥840,000 a year), fully deductible, and pays out as a lump sum or pension when you close or retire the business — effectively your own severance fund. iDeCo, the individual defined-contribution pension, lets the self-employed contribute up to ¥68,000 a month, and that ceiling is shared with the National Pension Fund (国民年金基金), so you split one budget between them. The extra pension (付加年金) adds a small fixed amount to your monthly National Pension premium to raise your lifelong state pension cheaply.\nContributions to all of these are deducted from income (as small-business mutual aid premiums, iDeCo/pension-fund premiums, or social-insurance premiums), so a yen saved for later is also a yen off this year’s taxable base — a rare double benefit.\nA sensible order — and one caution\nA common sequence is: first make sure the mandatory National Pension is paid (add the cheap extra pension), then use small-business mutual aid for flexible, deductible saving you can borrow against and unwind if the business closes, then iDeCo for long-horizon retirement money you accept is locked until age 60. Fit the amounts to cash flow — these are commitments, and small-business mutual aid can penalize very early voluntary exits, while iDeCo is locked by design.\nOne caution worth flagging: the tax treatment of lump-sum payouts depends on timing rules that interact across iDeCo, mutual aid, and any severance, and those rules have been tightened. If you expect large lump sums, plan the order and years of withdrawal with a professional so the retirement-income deduction is not reduced by overlap.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-retirement-toolkit","faq:freelance-health-insurance"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Organization for SME and Regional Innovation (SMRJ)","url":"https://www.smrj.go.jp/kyosai/skyosai/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association (iDeCo)","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.npfa.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/kokunen/hokenryo/hokenryo.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Self-employed savers can stack deductible schemes — small-business mutual aid (up to ¥840,000/yr), iDeCo with the National Pension Fund (up to ¥816,000/yr combined), and the low-cost extra pension — to build a retirement while cutting taxable income.\nSmall-business mutual aid, iDeCo, the National Pension Fund, and the extra pension — how the deductible schemes fit together.\nSmall-business mutual aid: ¥1,000–70,000/month, fully deductible, a self-made severance fund.\niDeCo for the self-employed: up to ¥68,000/month, combined with the National Pension Fund.\nThe extra pension (付加年金) is a cheap way to raise the state pension floor.\nAll are income-deductible, so they cut this year’s tax as they build your future.\nThree deductible layers\nBecause the self-employed have a thinner public pension than employees, Japan offers schemes built to close the gap — and each reduces taxable income. Small-business mutual aid (小規模企業共済), run for small proprietors, lets you contribute ¥1,000–70,000 a month (up to ¥840,000 a year), fully deductible, and pays out as a lump sum or pension when you close or retire the business — effectively your own severance fund. iDeCo, the individual defined-contribution pension, lets the self-employed contribute up to ¥68,000 a month, and that ceiling is shared with the National Pension Fund (国民年金基金), so you split one budget between them. The extra pension (付加年金) adds a small fixed amount to your monthly National Pension premium to raise your lifelong state pension cheaply.\nContributions to all of these are deducted from income (as small-business mutual aid premiums, iDeCo/pension-fund premiums, or social-insurance premiums), so a yen saved for later is also a yen off this year’s taxable base — a rare double benefit.\nA sensible order — and one caution\nA common sequence is: first make sure the mandatory National Pension is paid (add the cheap extra pension), then use small-business mutual aid for flexible, deductible saving you can borrow against and unwind if the business closes, then iDeCo for long-horizon retirement money you accept is locked until age 60. Fit the amounts to cash flow — these are commitments, and small-business mutual aid can penalize very early voluntary exits, while iDeCo is locked by design.\nOne caution worth flagging: the tax treatment of lump-sum payouts depends on timing rules that interact across iDeCo, mutual aid, and any severance, and those rules have been tightened. If you expect large lump sums, plan the order and years of withdrawal with a professional so the retirement-income deduction is not reduced by overlap.","url":"/en/freelancers/self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:side-business-tax-japan:en","entityId":"guide:side-business-tax-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Side-business tax while employed in Japan","plainText":"Employees with side income may need to file even under the often-cited ¥200,000 line, and whether that income is business or miscellaneous turns mainly on whether you run it like a business and keep books.\nWhen side income needs a return, the ¥200,000 rule’s real meaning, and business vs miscellaneous income.\nThe ¥200,000 figure is a filing-obligation rule for some employees, not a tax-free allowance.\nEven under it, a resident-tax declaration to your municipality can still be required.\nBusiness vs miscellaneous income hinges on business-like activity and bookkeeping.\nBusiness income unlocks the blue return and loss offset; miscellaneous income does not.\nDo you even need to file?\nA widely repeated rule says employees need not file an income-tax return if their side income is ¥200,000 or less. It is real but narrow: it concerns the national income-tax filing obligation for certain employees whose main job is settled by year-end adjustment, and it is not a tax-free allowance. Even when it applies, your municipality may still require a separate resident-tax declaration on that income — so “under ¥200,000, do nothing” is often wrong.\nIf your side income is larger, or you have two employers, or you want to claim deductions like medical expenses or a first-year mortgage credit, you file a 確定申告 that includes the side income. When in doubt, filing is the safe default; the resident-tax side in particular is easy to overlook.\nBusiness income or miscellaneous income?\nHow side income is categorized matters a lot. Business income (事業所得) can use the blue return, its up-to-¥650,000 deduction, and loss offset against other income; miscellaneous income (雑所得) cannot. Following the NTA’s clarification, the deciding factor is whether the activity is run as a business by social norms — continuity, scale, effort, and above all keeping proper books and evidence. Records generally point to business income; their absence, or very small casual revenue, points to miscellaneous.\nSo if you intend your side work to be a real business, treat it like one from the start: file the opening notification and blue-return application, keep double-entry books in accounting software, and retain contracts and receipts. That both supports business-income treatment and prepares you to go fully independent later.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/side-business-tax-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-side-business","faq:freelance-open"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1350.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Employees with side income may need to file even under the often-cited ¥200,000 line, and whether that income is business or miscellaneous turns mainly on whether you run it like a business and keep books.\nWhen side income needs a return, the ¥200,000 rule’s real meaning, and business vs miscellaneous income.\nThe ¥200,000 figure is a filing-obligation rule for some employees, not a tax-free allowance.\nEven under it, a resident-tax declaration to your municipality can still be required.\nBusiness vs miscellaneous income hinges on business-like activity and bookkeeping.\nBusiness income unlocks the blue return and loss offset; miscellaneous income does not.\nDo you even need to file?\nA widely repeated rule says employees need not file an income-tax return if their side income is ¥200,000 or less. It is real but narrow: it concerns the national income-tax filing obligation for certain employees whose main job is settled by year-end adjustment, and it is not a tax-free allowance. Even when it applies, your municipality may still require a separate resident-tax declaration on that income — so “under ¥200,000, do nothing” is often wrong.\nIf your side income is larger, or you have two employers, or you want to claim deductions like medical expenses or a first-year mortgage credit, you file a 確定申告 that includes the side income. When in doubt, filing is the safe default; the resident-tax side in particular is easy to overlook.\nBusiness income or miscellaneous income?\nHow side income is categorized matters a lot. Business income (事業所得) can use the blue return, its up-to-¥650,000 deduction, and loss offset against other income; miscellaneous income (雑所得) cannot. Following the NTA’s clarification, the deciding factor is whether the activity is run as a business by social norms — continuity, scale, effort, and above all keeping proper books and evidence. Records generally point to business income; their absence, or very small casual revenue, points to miscellaneous.\nSo if you intend your side work to be a real business, treat it like one from the start: file the opening notification and blue-return application, keep double-entry books in accounting software, and retain contracts and receipts. That both supports business-income treatment and prepares you to go fully independent later.","url":"/en/freelancers/side-business-tax-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:getting-paid-invoicing-japan:en","entityId":"guide:getting-paid-invoicing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Getting paid: invoicing and withholding","plainText":"Issue a clear invoice (with your T-number if registered), expect certain professional fees to arrive with about 10% withheld at source, and credit that withholding when you file so it is not double-counted.\nHow to bill clients, why some payments arrive short (withholding at source), and how to keep cash flow steady.\nA proper invoice lists the work, amount, tax, payment terms, and — if registered — your T-number.\nCertain fees to individuals (writing, design, lectures) are withheld at about 10.21% at source.\nWithheld tax is a prepayment — credit it on your return or it is money left behind.\nManage timing: keep a buffer for late payers and staggered client terms.\nBilling clients well\nA good invoice removes friction and gets you paid faster: identify yourself and the client, describe the work, show the amount and consumption tax, state the due date and bank details, and — if you have registered for the invoice system — include your T-number so business clients can claim their input credit. Invoicing tools such as MakeLeaps, Misoca, and board generate compliant invoices, track paid/unpaid status, and store copies for you; some are English-friendly, which helps when billing overseas clients.\nKeep your own copy and reconcile it against the deposit. If you are registered for consumption tax, the qualified-invoice format has specific required fields, so use a tool or template that already meets them rather than a plain document.\nWhy some payments arrive short\nFor certain categories of fees paid to individuals — writing, design, translation, lectures, and some professional services — the paying company must withhold income tax at source, roughly 10.21%, and remit it to the tax office on your behalf. So a ¥100,000 fee can land as about ¥89,790. This is not a loss: it is a prepayment of your income tax. When you file, you total the tax already withheld (shown on the client’s payment record) and subtract it from what you owe, often producing a refund.\nTwo practical points follow. Track withholding per client so your return credits all of it — leaving it out means paying twice. And plan cash flow around it: the timing of invoices, withholding, consumption tax, and late payers all move real money, so keep a buffer and, if slow payers threaten your runway, services that advance invoice cash exist (at a cost) for freelancers.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/getting-paid-invoicing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-withholding","faq:freelance-invoice"],"products":["product:makeleaps","product:misoca","product:board","product:freenance"],"guides":["guide:invoice-system-explained","guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Issue a clear invoice (with your T-number if registered), expect certain professional fees to arrive with about 10% withheld at source, and credit that withholding when you file so it is not double-counted.\nHow to bill clients, why some payments arrive short (withholding at source), and how to keep cash flow steady.\nA proper invoice lists the work, amount, tax, payment terms, and — if registered — your T-number.\nCertain fees to individuals (writing, design, lectures) are withheld at about 10.21% at source.\nWithheld tax is a prepayment — credit it on your return or it is money left behind.\nManage timing: keep a buffer for late payers and staggered client terms.\nBilling clients well\nA good invoice removes friction and gets you paid faster: identify yourself and the client, describe the work, show the amount and consumption tax, state the due date and bank details, and — if you have registered for the invoice system — include your T-number so business clients can claim their input credit. Invoicing tools such as MakeLeaps, Misoca, and board generate compliant invoices, track paid/unpaid status, and store copies for you; some are English-friendly, which helps when billing overseas clients.\nKeep your own copy and reconcile it against the deposit. If you are registered for consumption tax, the qualified-invoice format has specific required fields, so use a tool or template that already meets them rather than a plain document.\nWhy some payments arrive short\nFor certain categories of fees paid to individuals — writing, design, translation, lectures, and some professional services — the paying company must withhold income tax at source, roughly 10.21%, and remit it to the tax office on your behalf. So a ¥100,000 fee can land as about ¥89,790. This is not a loss: it is a prepayment of your income tax. When you file, you total the tax already withheld (shown on the client’s payment record) and subtract it from what you owe, often producing a refund.\nTwo practical points follow. Track withholding per client so your return credits all of it — leaving it out means paying twice. And plan cash flow around it: the timing of invoices, withholding, consumption tax, and late payers all move real money, so keep a buffer and, if slow payers threaten your runway, services that advance invoice cash exist (at a cost) for freelancers.","url":"/en/freelancers/getting-paid-invoicing-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan:en","entityId":"guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Choosing accounting software as a freelancer","plainText":"freee suits beginners who want guided, question-based bookkeeping; Money Forward Cloud suits those who want flexibility and integrations; Yayoi is the long-established option with strong professional familiarity — compare current plans and features, not just brand.\nHow freee, Money Forward Cloud, and Yayoi differ, and how to match one to how you work.\nAll three import bank/card data, keep double-entry books, and output blue-return forms and e-Tax data.\nfreee is guided and beginner-friendly; Money Forward Cloud is flexible and integration-rich.\nYayoi has the longest track record and the widest tax-professional familiarity.\nCompare at the plan level — features and support differ by tier, and interfaces are Japanese-only.\nHow the three differ\nThe big three cloud tools do the same core job — connect to your bank and cards, categorize transactions into double-entry books, and produce the blue-return documents and e-Tax file — so the difference is in approach. freee is built around guided, question-based workflows that hide accounting jargon, which many first-time filers find the least intimidating. Money Forward Cloud exposes more of the bookkeeping and offers extensive integrations, which suits people who want flexibility or expect to grow. Yayoi is the veteran brand with desktop and cloud options and the deepest familiarity among tax accountants, so handing off to a professional later can be smoother.\nNone of them offer an English interface, so budget for some Japanese or a bilingual helper. Because the guided-versus-flexible trade-off is the real choice, try the workflow — most offer a trial — rather than deciding on brand or a headline price alone.\nMatching one to how you work\nStart from your situation. If this is your first filing and accounting feels foreign, the guided path lowers the chance of mistakes. If you juggle many income sources, need integrations with payment or invoicing tools, or expect to incorporate, favor flexibility. If you already work with a tax accountant, ask which tool they support best — professional compatibility can outweigh small feature gaps.\nWhatever you pick, the value comes from consistent use: connect accounts once, reconcile monthly, and attach evidence as you go, so filing season is a review rather than a scramble. See the side-by-side comparison and the head-to-head write-ups on the main Freelance & business page to weigh specific pairs.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/choosing-accounting-software-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-which-software","faq:freelance-blue-return"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi"],"guides":["guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","guide:getting-paid-invoicing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"freee","url":"https://www.freee.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Money Forward","url":"https://biz.moneyforward.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Yayoi","url":"https://www.yayoi-kk.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"freee suits beginners who want guided, question-based bookkeeping; Money Forward Cloud suits those who want flexibility and integrations; Yayoi is the long-established option with strong professional familiarity — compare current plans and features, not just brand.\nHow freee, Money Forward Cloud, and Yayoi differ, and how to match one to how you work.\nAll three import bank/card data, keep double-entry books, and output blue-return forms and e-Tax data.\nfreee is guided and beginner-friendly; Money Forward Cloud is flexible and integration-rich.\nYayoi has the longest track record and the widest tax-professional familiarity.\nCompare at the plan level — features and support differ by tier, and interfaces are Japanese-only.\nHow the three differ\nThe big three cloud tools do the same core job — connect to your bank and cards, categorize transactions into double-entry books, and produce the blue-return documents and e-Tax file — so the difference is in approach. freee is built around guided, question-based workflows that hide accounting jargon, which many first-time filers find the least intimidating. Money Forward Cloud exposes more of the bookkeeping and offers extensive integrations, which suits people who want flexibility or expect to grow. Yayoi is the veteran brand with desktop and cloud options and the deepest familiarity among tax accountants, so handing off to a professional later can be smoother.\nNone of them offer an English interface, so budget for some Japanese or a bilingual helper. Because the guided-versus-flexible trade-off is the real choice, try the workflow — most offer a trial — rather than deciding on brand or a headline price alone.\nMatching one to how you work\nStart from your situation. If this is your first filing and accounting feels foreign, the guided path lowers the chance of mistakes. If you juggle many income sources, need integrations with payment or invoicing tools, or expect to incorporate, favor flexibility. If you already work with a tax accountant, ask which tool they support best — professional compatibility can outweigh small feature gaps.\nWhatever you pick, the value comes from consistent use: connect accounts once, reconcile monthly, and attach evidence as you go, so filing season is a review rather than a scramble. See the side-by-side comparison and the head-to-head write-ups on the main Freelance & business page to weigh specific pairs.","url":"/en/freelancers/choosing-accounting-software-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan:en","entityId":"guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sole proprietor vs company: when to incorporate","plainText":"Incorporating can cut tax at higher profits and add credibility and liability protection, but adds fixed costs, paperwork, and social-insurance obligations — most people incorporate once stable profit, client requirements, or growth plans justify the overhead.\nThe real trade-offs between staying a sole proprietor and forming a company, and the signals that tip the balance.\nA sole proprietor is simplest and cheapest to run; a company adds structure and cost.\nCorporate tax rates can beat top personal rates once profit is high and sustained.\nCompanies offer limited liability, easier hiring, and more client credibility.\nThe switch adds fixed costs, mandatory social insurance, and usually a tax accountant.\nThe core trade-off\nA sole proprietorship is the lightweight default: near-zero setup, simple filing, and full control. A company (法人) is a separate legal person, which brings three things people incorporate for — potential tax efficiency at higher profit, because corporate rates top out well below the highest personal income-tax rates; limited liability, separating business risk from personal assets; and credibility, since some clients prefer or require billing a company. Against that sit real costs: incorporation fees, annual local taxes even in a loss year, mandatory enrollment in employees’ social insurance, more complex accounting, and, for almost everyone, a tax accountant.\nThere is no single magic number, but the tipping point is usually a combination: profit that is high and stable enough that the tax gap outweighs the fixed overhead, plus a non-tax reason such as hiring, raising money, signing bigger contracts, or clients that will only deal with companies.\nSignals it may be time\nWatch for concrete signals rather than a round revenue figure. Your profit has been comfortably into the higher personal-tax brackets for a while; consumption tax is now unavoidable and a company’s two-year exemption window could help timing; you want to pay yourself a salary and split income across a household; you are hiring staff; or a major client insists on contracting with a company. Any one of these can justify the move; several together make it clear.\nIf the signals are there, model it properly before filing paperwork. A tax accountant can compare your specific tax and social-insurance outcome as a proprietor versus a company, and incorporation services from freee and Money Forward can prepare the documents once you have decided. The companion guide on company types then helps you choose between a GK and a KK.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-incorporate-when","faq:freelance-kk-vs-gk"],"products":["product:freee-kaisha-setup","product:mf-kaisha-setup","product:zeirishi-dot-com"],"guides":["guide:types-of-company-japan","guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Justice / Legal Affairs Bureau","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/houjintouki.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry","url":"https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/newbusiness/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Incorporating can cut tax at higher profits and add credibility and liability protection, but adds fixed costs, paperwork, and social-insurance obligations — most people incorporate once stable profit, client requirements, or growth plans justify the overhead.\nThe real trade-offs between staying a sole proprietor and forming a company, and the signals that tip the balance.\nA sole proprietor is simplest and cheapest to run; a company adds structure and cost.\nCorporate tax rates can beat top personal rates once profit is high and sustained.\nCompanies offer limited liability, easier hiring, and more client credibility.\nThe switch adds fixed costs, mandatory social insurance, and usually a tax accountant.\nThe core trade-off\nA sole proprietorship is the lightweight default: near-zero setup, simple filing, and full control. A company (法人) is a separate legal person, which brings three things people incorporate for — potential tax efficiency at higher profit, because corporate rates top out well below the highest personal income-tax rates; limited liability, separating business risk from personal assets; and credibility, since some clients prefer or require billing a company. Against that sit real costs: incorporation fees, annual local taxes even in a loss year, mandatory enrollment in employees’ social insurance, more complex accounting, and, for almost everyone, a tax accountant.\nThere is no single magic number, but the tipping point is usually a combination: profit that is high and stable enough that the tax gap outweighs the fixed overhead, plus a non-tax reason such as hiring, raising money, signing bigger contracts, or clients that will only deal with companies.\nSignals it may be time\nWatch for concrete signals rather than a round revenue figure. Your profit has been comfortably into the higher personal-tax brackets for a while; consumption tax is now unavoidable and a company’s two-year exemption window could help timing; you want to pay yourself a salary and split income across a household; you are hiring staff; or a major client insists on contracting with a company. Any one of these can justify the move; several together make it clear.\nIf the signals are there, model it properly before filing paperwork. A tax accountant can compare your specific tax and social-insurance outcome as a proprietor versus a company, and incorporation services from freee and Money Forward can prepare the documents once you have decided. The companion guide on company types then helps you choose between a GK and a KK.","url":"/en/freelancers/sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:types-of-company-japan:en","entityId":"guide:types-of-company-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Company types in Japan: KK vs GK and others","plainText":"A godo-kaisha (GK, LLC-like) is cheaper and simpler to form and run; a kabushiki-kaisha (KK) costs more but carries the highest recognition and can issue shares — most solo founders start with a GK unless clients or fundraising demand a KK.\nThe practical difference between a kabushiki-kaisha and a godo-kaisha, and why most small founders choose one of the two.\nGK and KK both give limited liability and separate legal personality.\nA GK is cheaper to form — no articles-notarization fee and lower registration tax.\nA KK has the strongest public recognition and can raise capital by issuing shares.\nYou can start as a GK and convert to a KK later as needs grow.\nGK vs KK in practice\nTwo forms dominate for small businesses. A kabushiki-kaisha (株式会社, KK) is the familiar “company”: highest recognition, able to issue shares to raise capital, and expected by some clients and investors — but it costs more to set up (it requires notarized articles of incorporation and a higher registration tax) and carries governance formalities. A godo-kaisha (合同会社, GK), modeled on the LLC, gives the same limited liability and legal personality with a cheaper, simpler formation — no articles-notarization fee and a lower registration tax — and flexible internal governance. Well-known Japanese arms of global firms operate as GKs, so the form is credible, but general public recognition still favors the KK.\nOlder forms — the gomei-kaisha and goshi-kaisha — expose members to unlimited or mixed liability and are rare choices for new businesses. For most solo founders and small teams, the real decision is GK versus KK.\nChoosing, and keeping the door open\nPick the GK if cost and simplicity matter most and you do not need outside share capital or maximum brand recognition — it is the common choice for freelancers formalizing a solo business. Pick the KK if you expect to raise investment, want the strongest credibility with enterprise clients, or foresee bringing in shareholders. If you are unsure, note that a GK can be converted into a KK later, so starting lean and upgrading when the need is concrete is a reasonable path.\nWhichever you choose, the setup is a legal-registration process at the Legal Affairs Bureau plus tax-office notifications, and incorporation services or a judicial scrivener can handle the paperwork. Because fees, capital, and governance rules are set by law and periodically change, confirm the current amounts and requirements before filing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/types-of-company-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-kk-vs-gk","faq:freelance-incorporate-when"],"products":["product:freee-kaisha-setup","product:mf-kaisha-setup"],"guides":["guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","guide:business-visa-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Justice / Legal Affairs Bureau","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/houjintouki.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry","url":"https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/newbusiness/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"A godo-kaisha (GK, LLC-like) is cheaper and simpler to form and run; a kabushiki-kaisha (KK) costs more but carries the highest recognition and can issue shares — most solo founders start with a GK unless clients or fundraising demand a KK.\nThe practical difference between a kabushiki-kaisha and a godo-kaisha, and why most small founders choose one of the two.\nGK and KK both give limited liability and separate legal personality.\nA GK is cheaper to form — no articles-notarization fee and lower registration tax.\nA KK has the strongest public recognition and can raise capital by issuing shares.\nYou can start as a GK and convert to a KK later as needs grow.\nGK vs KK in practice\nTwo forms dominate for small businesses. A kabushiki-kaisha (株式会社, KK) is the familiar “company”: highest recognition, able to issue shares to raise capital, and expected by some clients and investors — but it costs more to set up (it requires notarized articles of incorporation and a higher registration tax) and carries governance formalities. A godo-kaisha (合同会社, GK), modeled on the LLC, gives the same limited liability and legal personality with a cheaper, simpler formation — no articles-notarization fee and a lower registration tax — and flexible internal governance. Well-known Japanese arms of global firms operate as GKs, so the form is credible, but general public recognition still favors the KK.\nOlder forms — the gomei-kaisha and goshi-kaisha — expose members to unlimited or mixed liability and are rare choices for new businesses. For most solo founders and small teams, the real decision is GK versus KK.\nChoosing, and keeping the door open\nPick the GK if cost and simplicity matter most and you do not need outside share capital or maximum brand recognition — it is the common choice for freelancers formalizing a solo business. Pick the KK if you expect to raise investment, want the strongest credibility with enterprise clients, or foresee bringing in shareholders. If you are unsure, note that a GK can be converted into a KK later, so starting lean and upgrading when the need is concrete is a reasonable path.\nWhichever you choose, the setup is a legal-registration process at the Legal Affairs Bureau plus tax-office notifications, and incorporation services or a judicial scrivener can handle the paperwork. Because fees, capital, and governance rules are set by law and periodically change, confirm the current amounts and requirements before filing.","url":"/en/freelancers/types-of-company-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:hiring-family-outsourcing-japan:en","entityId":"guide:hiring-family-outsourcing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Paying family and outsourcing work","plainText":"Blue-return filers can deduct a reasonable salary to a family member who works exclusively in the business (with a filed notification), and once you pay staff or certain fees you take on withholding and payment duties as the payer.\nHow blue-return family salaries work, and your withholding duties when you pay contractors and staff.\nA family “専従者” salary is deductible for blue filers if it is reasonable and notified in advance.\nThe family member must work exclusively in the business, and the salary is their taxable income.\nPaying staff or certain professional fees makes you a withholding agent.\nEmployees trigger labor-insurance and, at scale, social-insurance obligations.\nPaying a family member\nNormally you cannot deduct wages paid to your spouse or relatives, but the blue return has an exception: a salary to a family employee who works exclusively in your business (青色事業専従者) is deductible, provided you file the required notification in advance and the amount is reasonable for the work done. This can shift income within a household to lower overall tax — but the salary becomes the family member’s own taxable income, and the “exclusively working in the business” condition is real, so a token salary to someone with a separate full-time job will not stand.\nKeep it defensible: file the notice on time, pay an amount consistent with the duties and market rates, actually pay it, and keep records. Overstated family salaries are a common audit target.\nWhen you pay contractors and staff\nOnce you pay others, you take on the payer’s duties. If you hire employees, you generally must withhold their income tax, handle their year-end adjustment, and enroll them in labor insurance (workers’ comp and, where applicable, employment insurance); at a certain size, employees’ health and pension insurance applies too. Even without employees, paying certain professional fees to individuals — the same categories that are withheld from your own invoices — can make you the one who must withhold and remit.\nFor pure outsourcing to another business or freelancer, you usually just pay the invoice, but keep the contract and records, and remember the invoice system: to claim input credits you need qualified invoices from registered suppliers. If payroll or withholding gets complex, this is a natural point to bring in a tax accountant or payroll software.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/hiring-family-outsourcing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-family-salary","faq:freelance-withholding"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","guide:getting-paid-invoicing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2075.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Blue-return filers can deduct a reasonable salary to a family member who works exclusively in the business (with a filed notification), and once you pay staff or certain fees you take on withholding and payment duties as the payer.\nHow blue-return family salaries work, and your withholding duties when you pay contractors and staff.\nA family “専従者” salary is deductible for blue filers if it is reasonable and notified in advance.\nThe family member must work exclusively in the business, and the salary is their taxable income.\nPaying staff or certain professional fees makes you a withholding agent.\nEmployees trigger labor-insurance and, at scale, social-insurance obligations.\nPaying a family member\nNormally you cannot deduct wages paid to your spouse or relatives, but the blue return has an exception: a salary to a family employee who works exclusively in your business (青色事業専従者) is deductible, provided you file the required notification in advance and the amount is reasonable for the work done. This can shift income within a household to lower overall tax — but the salary becomes the family member’s own taxable income, and the “exclusively working in the business” condition is real, so a token salary to someone with a separate full-time job will not stand.\nKeep it defensible: file the notice on time, pay an amount consistent with the duties and market rates, actually pay it, and keep records. Overstated family salaries are a common audit target.\nWhen you pay contractors and staff\nOnce you pay others, you take on the payer’s duties. If you hire employees, you generally must withhold their income tax, handle their year-end adjustment, and enroll them in labor insurance (workers’ comp and, where applicable, employment insurance); at a certain size, employees’ health and pension insurance applies too. Even without employees, paying certain professional fees to individuals — the same categories that are withheld from your own invoices — can make you the one who must withhold and remit.\nFor pure outsourcing to another business or freelancer, you usually just pay the invoice, but keep the contract and records, and remember the invoice system: to claim input credits you need qualified invoices from registered suppliers. If payroll or withholding gets complex, this is a natural point to bring in a tax accountant or payroll software.","url":"/en/freelancers/hiring-family-outsourcing-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:subsidies-grants-small-business-japan:en","entityId":"guide:subsidies-grants-small-business-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Subsidies and grants for small business","plainText":"Japan offers subsidies (hojokin, competitive, capped, reimbursed after you spend) and grants (joseikin, rule-based, often labor-related); find them on official portals, and plan cash flow because most pay out only after approval and spending.\nThe difference between hojokin and joseikin, where to find them, and how the reimbursement model works.\nHojokin (subsidies) are competitive, capped, and usually reimbursed after you spend.\nJoseikin (grants) are typically rule-based and often tied to employment/labor measures.\nOfficial portals like jGrants and the SME Agency list current programs.\nMost pay after approval and spending — budget the cash-flow gap and keep evidence.\nTwo kinds of support\nPublic support for small businesses splits roughly into two. Subsidies (補助金), often from the SME Agency and ministries, target specific goals — equipment, IT adoption, sustaining or restructuring a small business — and are competitive: you apply with a plan, there is a cap and a co-payment share, and only some applicants are selected. Grants (助成金), often from the labor ministry, tend to be rule-based: meet the conditions (frequently around hiring, training, or improving working conditions) and you receive the set amount. The vocabulary is not perfectly consistent, so read each program’s own rules rather than the label.\nBoth usually reimburse after the fact. You are typically approved, then spend, then report with evidence, then receive the money — sometimes months later — so they reward businesses that can front the cost and document it carefully.\nFinding and using them well\nStart with official sources rather than aggregators: the jGrants portal lets you search and apply for many national subsidies online, the SME Agency publishes current programs, and your local government and chamber of commerce often run their own. Support centers such as Yorozu and the chambers can help you scope an application. Because programs open and close in rounds and change every year, check dates and current terms directly before building plans around them.\nTreat a subsidy as a boost to a plan you would pursue anyway, not a reason to spend. Read eligibility and reporting duties up front, keep every quote, invoice, and proof of payment, and factor the reimbursement lag into cash flow. Misused or unreported funds can have to be returned, so the documentation discipline is part of the deal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/subsidies-grants-small-business-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-subsidies","faq:freelance-incorporate-when"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Digital Agency / SME Agency","url":"https://www.jgrants-portal.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"SME Agency (METI)","url":"https://www.chusho.meti.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry","url":"https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/newbusiness/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Japan offers subsidies (hojokin, competitive, capped, reimbursed after you spend) and grants (joseikin, rule-based, often labor-related); find them on official portals, and plan cash flow because most pay out only after approval and spending.\nThe difference between hojokin and joseikin, where to find them, and how the reimbursement model works.\nHojokin (subsidies) are competitive, capped, and usually reimbursed after you spend.\nJoseikin (grants) are typically rule-based and often tied to employment/labor measures.\nOfficial portals like jGrants and the SME Agency list current programs.\nMost pay after approval and spending — budget the cash-flow gap and keep evidence.\nTwo kinds of support\nPublic support for small businesses splits roughly into two. Subsidies (補助金), often from the SME Agency and ministries, target specific goals — equipment, IT adoption, sustaining or restructuring a small business — and are competitive: you apply with a plan, there is a cap and a co-payment share, and only some applicants are selected. Grants (助成金), often from the labor ministry, tend to be rule-based: meet the conditions (frequently around hiring, training, or improving working conditions) and you receive the set amount. The vocabulary is not perfectly consistent, so read each program’s own rules rather than the label.\nBoth usually reimburse after the fact. You are typically approved, then spend, then report with evidence, then receive the money — sometimes months later — so they reward businesses that can front the cost and document it carefully.\nFinding and using them well\nStart with official sources rather than aggregators: the jGrants portal lets you search and apply for many national subsidies online, the SME Agency publishes current programs, and your local government and chamber of commerce often run their own. Support centers such as Yorozu and the chambers can help you scope an application. Because programs open and close in rounds and change every year, check dates and current terms directly before building plans around them.\nTreat a subsidy as a boost to a plan you would pursue anyway, not a reason to spend. Read eligibility and reporting duties up front, keep every quote, invoice, and proof of payment, and factor the reimbursement lag into cash flow. Misused or unreported funds can have to be returned, so the documentation discipline is part of the deal.","url":"/en/freelancers/subsidies-grants-small-business-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:business-visa-japan:en","entityId":"guide:business-visa-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Working for yourself and your visa status","plainText":"Whether you can freelance or run a company depends on your residence status: permanent residents and some family/spouse statuses have broad freedom, work visas are tied to activities, and running a company usually points to the Business Manager status — check before you start.\nWhether your residence status allows self-employment, and what the Business Manager visa requires.\nResidence status, not desire, decides whether self-employment is allowed.\nPermanent resident and certain spouse/family statuses allow broad self-employment.\nActivity-based work visas may not cover independent business without a change.\nRunning a company typically requires the Business Manager status and its conditions.\nCan your status support self-employment?\nImmigration status sets the outer limit of what you may do for money. Permanent residents, and holders of statuses like spouse of a Japanese national or long-term resident, generally have broad freedom to freelance or start a business. Activity-based work visas (for example engineer/specialist-in-humanities) authorize specific employment, and independent freelancing or running your own company may fall outside them without a status change or permission. Students and dependents work only within their permitted-activity limits. The safe move is to confirm your specific status before you invoice anyone.\nThis is separate from tax registration: filing an opening notification with the tax office does not grant immigration permission, and vice versa. Both have to line up.\nThe Business Manager route\nIf you intend to run a company in Japan, the Business Manager (経営・管理) status is the usual path. It expects a genuine business: a physical office, a substantive business plan, and a capital or scale requirement that has historically centered on the order of several million yen (with rules under review and periodically tightened). It is granted for managing a real enterprise, not as a shortcut to residence, and renewals look at whether the business is actually operating.\nBecause the criteria are detailed, changing, and consequential, this is an area to get right with professionals — an immigration lawyer (行政書士/弁護士) for the status and a tax accountant for the company. Treat online summaries, including this one, as orientation only, and confirm current requirements with the Immigration Services Agency before committing money or time.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/freelancers/business-visa-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-visa","faq:freelance-incorporate-when"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","guide:types-of-company-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/applications/status/businessmanager.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Whether you can freelance or run a company depends on your residence status: permanent residents and some family/spouse statuses have broad freedom, work visas are tied to activities, and running a company usually points to the Business Manager status — check before you start.\nWhether your residence status allows self-employment, and what the Business Manager visa requires.\nResidence status, not desire, decides whether self-employment is allowed.\nPermanent resident and certain spouse/family statuses allow broad self-employment.\nActivity-based work visas may not cover independent business without a change.\nRunning a company typically requires the Business Manager status and its conditions.\nCan your status support self-employment?\nImmigration status sets the outer limit of what you may do for money. Permanent residents, and holders of statuses like spouse of a Japanese national or long-term resident, generally have broad freedom to freelance or start a business. Activity-based work visas (for example engineer/specialist-in-humanities) authorize specific employment, and independent freelancing or running your own company may fall outside them without a status change or permission. Students and dependents work only within their permitted-activity limits. The safe move is to confirm your specific status before you invoice anyone.\nThis is separate from tax registration: filing an opening notification with the tax office does not grant immigration permission, and vice versa. Both have to line up.\nThe Business Manager route\nIf you intend to run a company in Japan, the Business Manager (経営・管理) status is the usual path. It expects a genuine business: a physical office, a substantive business plan, and a capital or scale requirement that has historically centered on the order of several million yen (with rules under review and periodically tightened). It is granted for managing a real enterprise, not as a shortcut to residence, and renewals look at whether the business is actually operating.\nBecause the criteria are detailed, changing, and consequential, this is an area to get right with professionals — an immigration lawyer (行政書士/弁護士) for the status and a tax accountant for the company. Treat online summaries, including this one, as orientation only, and confirm current requirements with the Immigration Services Agency before committing money or time.","url":"/en/freelancers/business-visa-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Public vs private insurance in Japan","plainText":"Public health insurance caps most bills near 30% and the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit limits monthly costs — buy private cover only for a specific gap you cannot self-fund.\nWhat public cover already provides, and how to decide if you need more.\nPublic health insurance covers most bills at ~70%.\nHigh-Cost Medical Expense Benefit caps monthly out-of-pocket by income.\nPublic pension includes disability and survivor benefits.\nBuy private cover to fill a gap, not out of general worry.\nWhat public cover already provides\nEnrollment in health insurance is mandatory, and it caps most medical costs at around 30% out-of-pocket. On top of that, the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit (高額療養費) limits your monthly out-of-pocket by income bracket, so even a serious illness has a financial ceiling. Public pension is not just for retirement — it also pays disability and survivor benefits. Understanding this prevents over-buying private products sold on fear.\nDeciding if you need more\nAsk three questions: what gap remains after public cover, how large is the loss you truly cannot self-fund, and does the premium justify closing that gap. The clearest wins are term life insurance when dependents rely on your income, and cheap personal-liability cover (bicycle liability is now mandatory in many prefectures). Medical or cancer add-ons are optional comfort for many — decide by the specific gap, and always read exclusions and alternatives.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/public-vs-private-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":["faq:insurance-public-enough","faq:insurance-high-cost","faq:insurance-life-needed"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/hoken/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Public health insurance caps most bills near 30% and the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit limits monthly costs — buy private cover only for a specific gap you cannot self-fund.\nWhat public cover already provides, and how to decide if you need more.\nPublic health insurance covers most bills at ~70%.\nHigh-Cost Medical Expense Benefit caps monthly out-of-pocket by income.\nPublic pension includes disability and survivor benefits.\nBuy private cover to fill a gap, not out of general worry.\nWhat public cover already provides\nEnrollment in health insurance is mandatory, and it caps most medical costs at around 30% out-of-pocket. On top of that, the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit (高額療養費) limits your monthly out-of-pocket by income bracket, so even a serious illness has a financial ceiling. Public pension is not just for retirement — it also pays disability and survivor benefits. Understanding this prevents over-buying private products sold on fear.\nDeciding if you need more\nAsk three questions: what gap remains after public cover, how large is the loss you truly cannot self-fund, and does the premium justify closing that gap. The clearest wins are term life insurance when dependents rely on your income, and cheap personal-liability cover (bicycle liability is now mandatory in many prefectures). Medical or cancer add-ons are optional comfort for many — decide by the specific gap, and always read exclusions and alternatives.","url":"/en/insurance/public-vs-private-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan:en","entityId":"guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do you need life insurance in Japan?","plainText":"Life insurance mainly makes sense if someone depends on your income; when it does, term life is usually the cost-efficient choice.\nWhen life insurance is worth it, and term vs whole life.\nNeed is driven by dependents, not age.\nTerm life is cheap for a set period; whole life bundles savings at higher cost.\nPublic pension pays survivor benefits — factor them in.\nMatch the sum insured to the gap your family would face.\nWhen it is needed\nLife insurance replaces income for people who depend on you — a non-working partner, children, or family carrying shared debt like a mortgage. If no one relies on your income, you usually do not need it. Before choosing a sum insured, subtract what public survivor benefits and existing savings would already provide, and insure the remaining gap rather than a round number.\nTerm vs whole life\nTerm life (定期保険) covers a defined period for a low premium and is usually the efficient way to protect dependents while they need it. Whole life (終身保険) bundles a savings/cash-value element and costs much more for the same death benefit; mixing insurance and investing this way is often less efficient than buying cheap term cover and investing the difference separately. Decide based on the protection you need, not the savings pitch.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/insurance/do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":["faq:insurance-life-needed","faq:insurance-public-enough"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"Life insurance mainly makes sense if someone depends on your income; when it does, term life is usually the cost-efficient choice.\nWhen life insurance is worth it, and term vs whole life.\nNeed is driven by dependents, not age.\nTerm life is cheap for a set period; whole life bundles savings at higher cost.\nPublic pension pays survivor benefits — factor them in.\nMatch the sum insured to the gap your family would face.\nWhen it is needed\nLife insurance replaces income for people who depend on you — a non-working partner, children, or family carrying shared debt like a mortgage. If no one relies on your income, you usually do not need it. Before choosing a sum insured, subtract what public survivor benefits and existing savings would already provide, and insure the remaining gap rather than a round number.\nTerm vs whole life\nTerm life (定期保険) covers a defined period for a low premium and is usually the efficient way to protect dependents while they need it. Whole life (終身保険) bundles a savings/cash-value element and costs much more for the same death benefit; mixing insurance and investing this way is often less efficient than buying cheap term cover and investing the difference separately. Decide based on the protection you need, not the savings pitch.","url":"/en/insurance/do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-eligibility-foreigners:en","entityId":"guide:mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage eligibility for foreign residents","plainText":"Permanent residency strongly helps; without it expect stricter terms or a larger down payment, though Flat 35 is often accessible without PR.\nHow permanent residency, income, and Flat 35 affect your chances.\nMany banks prefer or require permanent residency.\nWithout PR: larger down payment, a guarantor, or Flat 35.\nStable long-term employment and income are decisive.\nCheck your CIC/JICC credit record before applying.\nWhat lenders weigh\nBanks assess stable employment, income, age, and — heavily — permanent residency. With PR, foreign residents are often treated much like Japanese applicants. Without PR, some banks decline, others require a larger down payment or a Japanese-national/PR guarantor (often a spouse). Flat 35, offered via the Japan Housing Finance Agency through partner lenders, is more rules-based and does not always require PR, which makes it a common route for non-PR buyers.\nHow to prepare\nBefore applying, gather proof of stable income and employment, and check your own credit record at CIC and JICC to catch problems like a forgotten missed payment. Compare several lenders, because terms for non-PR applicants vary widely, and factor in closing costs of roughly 6–10% of the price on top of the down payment.\nRoutes without permanent residence\nWithout PR, do not assume a mortgage is impossible — map the specialist routes instead. A practical sequence is an employer or developer partner bank, then PRESTIA (English support, up to ¥500 million, no guarantee fee, purchase and refinance), Tokyo Star Bank (a Star Mortgage expressly for foreign nationals without PR), Suruga Bank (a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents), a regional or relationship bank, and a Flat 35 provider if you meet the nationality and residence conditions. A non-permanent resident with a Japanese spouse or guarantor may be considered by more banks than one without, but a spouse never replaces the credit and affordability review. Weigh the non-PR premium against the cost and uncertainty of waiting for permanent residence and refinancing later, and confirm the exact PR rule, down-payment expectation, and language requirement with each lender before assuming you qualify.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","faq:loan-credit-record","faq:loan-pr-mandatory","faq:loan-english-support"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:rent-vs-buy-japan","guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"Permanent residency strongly helps; without it expect stricter terms or a larger down payment, though Flat 35 is often accessible without PR.\nHow permanent residency, income, and Flat 35 affect your chances.\nMany banks prefer or require permanent residency.\nWithout PR: larger down payment, a guarantor, or Flat 35.\nStable long-term employment and income are decisive.\nCheck your CIC/JICC credit record before applying.\nWhat lenders weigh\nBanks assess stable employment, income, age, and — heavily — permanent residency. With PR, foreign residents are often treated much like Japanese applicants. Without PR, some banks decline, others require a larger down payment or a Japanese-national/PR guarantor (often a spouse). Flat 35, offered via the Japan Housing Finance Agency through partner lenders, is more rules-based and does not always require PR, which makes it a common route for non-PR buyers.\nHow to prepare\nBefore applying, gather proof of stable income and employment, and check your own credit record at CIC and JICC to catch problems like a forgotten missed payment. Compare several lenders, because terms for non-PR applicants vary widely, and factor in closing costs of roughly 6–10% of the price on top of the down payment.\nRoutes without permanent residence\nWithout PR, do not assume a mortgage is impossible — map the specialist routes instead. A practical sequence is an employer or developer partner bank, then PRESTIA (English support, up to ¥500 million, no guarantee fee, purchase and refinance), Tokyo Star Bank (a Star Mortgage expressly for foreign nationals without PR), Suruga Bank (a foreign-national home loan for Japan residents), a regional or relationship bank, and a Flat 35 provider if you meet the nationality and residence conditions. A non-permanent resident with a Japanese spouse or guarantor may be considered by more banks than one without, but a spouse never replaces the credit and affordability review. Weigh the non-PR premium against the cost and uncertainty of waiting for permanent residence and refinancing later, and confirm the exact PR rule, down-payment expectation, and language requirement with each lender before assuming you qualify.","url":"/en/loans/mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:rent-vs-buy-japan:en","entityId":"guide:rent-vs-buy-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rent vs buy in Japan","plainText":"It depends on how long you will stay, job stability, and the property; many Japanese homes depreciate, so treat a home as shelter first, investment second.\nWhy buying is not automatic wealth-building, and how to frame the decision.\nLength of stay and job stability drive the decision.\nMany Japanese homes depreciate; resale can be slow.\nRenting preserves flexibility if you may move or leave.\nModel total cost and resale risk, not just monthly payment.\nThe honest frame\nIn some countries buying almost always builds wealth; in Japan it is more nuanced. Many homes — especially older wooden houses — depreciate over time, and resale liquidity varies sharply by location, so a purchase is not automatically an investment win. The land component and prime-area properties behave differently. Renting keeps you flexible, which matters a lot if your job or country of residence might change.\nHow to decide\nBuying can make sense for long-term residents who value stability, have permanent residency or Flat 35 access, and have modeled the full picture: down payment, closing costs (6–10%), maintenance and management fees, property tax, interest-rate risk, and realistic resale value. If you might leave Japan within a handful of years, renting usually wins on flexibility and cost certainty. Decide on your own numbers, not a sales narrative.\nModel scenarios, not one answer\nRather than trusting a single break-even figure, run several scenarios: pessimistic, central, and optimistic resale; zero appreciation; a major repair; and an early sale after three or five years. On the renting side, model the monthly rent, renewal fees, any deposit loss, and rent inflation; on the buying side, model the purchase costs, the mortgage, ongoing ownership expenses, the resale price, selling costs, tax effects, and the investment return on the cash you did not spend. Buying tends to win only when the likely holding period is long enough to absorb the 6–10% transaction cost and the property is liquid enough to sell without a large discount — so decide on holding period and cash strength first, then let the numbers, not a sales narrative, settle it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/loans/rent-vs-buy-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-rent-vs-buy","faq:loan-closing-costs","faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-homes-depreciate"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","guide:rent-vs-buy-japan-guide","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT)","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_tk5_000085.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"It depends on how long you will stay, job stability, and the property; many Japanese homes depreciate, so treat a home as shelter first, investment second.\nWhy buying is not automatic wealth-building, and how to frame the decision.\nLength of stay and job stability drive the decision.\nMany Japanese homes depreciate; resale can be slow.\nRenting preserves flexibility if you may move or leave.\nModel total cost and resale risk, not just monthly payment.\nThe honest frame\nIn some countries buying almost always builds wealth; in Japan it is more nuanced. Many homes — especially older wooden houses — depreciate over time, and resale liquidity varies sharply by location, so a purchase is not automatically an investment win. The land component and prime-area properties behave differently. Renting keeps you flexible, which matters a lot if your job or country of residence might change.\nHow to decide\nBuying can make sense for long-term residents who value stability, have permanent residency or Flat 35 access, and have modeled the full picture: down payment, closing costs (6–10%), maintenance and management fees, property tax, interest-rate risk, and realistic resale value. If you might leave Japan within a handful of years, renting usually wins on flexibility and cost certainty. Decide on your own numbers, not a sales narrative.\nModel scenarios, not one answer\nRather than trusting a single break-even figure, run several scenarios: pessimistic, central, and optimistic resale; zero appreciation; a major repair; and an early sale after three or five years. On the renting side, model the monthly rent, renewal fees, any deposit loss, and rent inflation; on the buying side, model the purchase costs, the mortgage, ongoing ownership expenses, the resale price, selling costs, tax effects, and the investment return on the cash you did not spend. Buying tends to win only when the likely holding period is long enough to absorb the 6–10% transaction cost and the property is liquid enough to sell without a large discount — so decide on holding period and cash strength first, then let the numbers, not a sales narrative, settle it.","url":"/en/loans/rent-vs-buy-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money:en","entityId":"guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"The cheapest way to send money abroad from Japan","plainText":"Compare the final recipient amount against the mid-market rate; specialist services like Wise and Revolut usually beat bank wires for personal transfers.\nWhy the exchange-rate markup matters more than the fee, and how to compare.\nThe exchange-rate markup usually costs more than the visible fee.\nCompare the recipient amount, not the advertised fee.\nWise uses the mid-market rate; Revolut suits multi-currency use.\nBank wires can hide SWIFT and intermediary-bank charges.\nWhere the cost hides\nThe advertised transfer fee is often the smaller cost. The bigger one is the exchange-rate markup: the gap between the rate you are given and the true mid-market rate, which is invisible unless you compare against a reference rate. Traditional bank wires can also deduct SWIFT and intermediary-bank fees along the route. The only reliable way to judge cost is the amount the recipient actually receives.\nWhat tends to be cheapest\nFor most personal transfers, Wise (which shows the mid-market rate with a transparent fee) or Revolut (a multi-currency account with FX allowances) beats a bank wire. The best choice still depends on amount, currency, and destination, so run the specific transfer through a couple of providers and compare recipient amounts. For very large transfers, also check limits and any reporting requirements.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/cheapest-way-to-send-money","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":["faq:remit-cheapest","faq:remit-hidden-fees","faq:remit-large-transfer"],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:receiving-money-from-abroad"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Compare the final recipient amount against the mid-market rate; specialist services like Wise and Revolut usually beat bank wires for personal transfers.\nWhy the exchange-rate markup matters more than the fee, and how to compare.\nThe exchange-rate markup usually costs more than the visible fee.\nCompare the recipient amount, not the advertised fee.\nWise uses the mid-market rate; Revolut suits multi-currency use.\nBank wires can hide SWIFT and intermediary-bank charges.\nWhere the cost hides\nThe advertised transfer fee is often the smaller cost. The bigger one is the exchange-rate markup: the gap between the rate you are given and the true mid-market rate, which is invisible unless you compare against a reference rate. Traditional bank wires can also deduct SWIFT and intermediary-bank fees along the route. The only reliable way to judge cost is the amount the recipient actually receives.\nWhat tends to be cheapest\nFor most personal transfers, Wise (which shows the mid-market rate with a transparent fee) or Revolut (a multi-currency account with FX allowances) beats a bank wire. The best choice still depends on amount, currency, and destination, so run the specific transfer through a couple of providers and compare recipient amounts. For very large transfers, also check limits and any reporting requirements.","url":"/en/remittance/cheapest-way-to-send-money","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:receiving-money-from-abroad:en","entityId":"guide:receiving-money-from-abroad","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Receiving money from abroad in Japan","plainText":"Specialist services can deliver more than a bank wire; whether incoming money is taxable depends on whether it is income and your tax residency.\nHow to receive foreign funds cheaply and when tax or reporting applies.\nCompare providers on the amount that lands in your account.\nReceiving your own savings differs from receiving income.\nNon-permanent residents can be taxed on remitted foreign income.\nLarge amounts may require source-of-funds documentation.\nReceiving cheaply\nThe same markup logic applies on the way in: a specialist service or multi-currency account often delivers more yen than a traditional inbound wire, which can lose value to FX markup and intermediary fees. Compare what actually lands in your Japanese account. Keep records of what each transfer is (savings, salary, gift), because that classification matters for tax.\nTax and reporting\nWhether incoming money is taxable depends on what it is and your tax-residency category. Moving your own existing savings is generally not income; receiving foreign salary or business income can be. For non-permanent residents, remitting foreign-source income to Japan can make it taxable. Gifts and inheritances have separate rules. Large transfers may prompt source-of-funds questions. When foreign income is involved, confirm with the NTA or a tax accountant.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/remittance/receiving-money-from-abroad","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":["faq:remit-overseas-income","faq:remit-multicurrency","faq:remit-large-transfer"],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Specialist services can deliver more than a bank wire; whether incoming money is taxable depends on whether it is income and your tax residency.\nHow to receive foreign funds cheaply and when tax or reporting applies.\nCompare providers on the amount that lands in your account.\nReceiving your own savings differs from receiving income.\nNon-permanent residents can be taxed on remitted foreign income.\nLarge amounts may require source-of-funds documentation.\nReceiving cheaply\nThe same markup logic applies on the way in: a specialist service or multi-currency account often delivers more yen than a traditional inbound wire, which can lose value to FX markup and intermediary fees. Compare what actually lands in your Japanese account. Keep records of what each transfer is (savings, salary, gift), because that classification matters for tax.\nTax and reporting\nWhether incoming money is taxable depends on what it is and your tax-residency category. Moving your own existing savings is generally not income; receiving foreign salary or business income can be. For non-permanent residents, remitting foreign-source income to Japan can make it taxable. Gifts and inheritances have separate rules. Large transfers may prompt source-of-funds questions. When foreign income is involved, confirm with the NTA or a tax accountant.","url":"/en/remittance/receiving-money-from-abroad","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem:en","entityId":"guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Choosing a point ecosystem in Japan","plainText":"Pick the one ecosystem that matches your bank, card, and phone; concentrating beats spreading thin, and most points are worth about ¥1.\nHow to concentrate on one ecosystem and value points realistically.\nConcentrate on one ecosystem that fits your spending.\nMost points ≈ ¥1; expiry and store-locking reduce value.\nPayPay/Rakuten Pay capture everyday spending fastest.\nNever spend more just to earn points.\nConcentrate, do not collect\nJapan’s big ecosystems — Rakuten, PayPay, d POINT, V POINT — each link a card, payment app, shopping, and often a phone plan. Bonuses stack when these align, so the winning move is to pick the one that matches where you already bank, shop, and pay your phone bill, then route spending through it. Spreading across several ecosystems dilutes the compounding and leaves small, expiry-prone balances everywhere.\nValue points honestly\nTreat most major points as worth about ¥1 each when spent on everyday purchases. Discount points that are store-locked or close to expiry, and be skeptical of valuations that assume perfect airline-mile redemptions. Most importantly, points are a modest, tax-free discount on spending you would do anyway — they are never a reason to spend more or open products you do not need.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/points/choosing-a-point-ecosystem","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-which-ecosystem","faq:points-value","faq:points-expiry","faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Pick the one ecosystem that matches your bank, card, and phone; concentrating beats spreading thin, and most points are worth about ¥1.\nHow to concentrate on one ecosystem and value points realistically.\nConcentrate on one ecosystem that fits your spending.\nMost points ≈ ¥1; expiry and store-locking reduce value.\nPayPay/Rakuten Pay capture everyday spending fastest.\nNever spend more just to earn points.\nConcentrate, do not collect\nJapan’s big ecosystems — Rakuten, PayPay, d POINT, V POINT — each link a card, payment app, shopping, and often a phone plan. Bonuses stack when these align, so the winning move is to pick the one that matches where you already bank, shop, and pay your phone bill, then route spending through it. Spreading across several ecosystems dilutes the compounding and leaves small, expiry-prone balances everywhere.\nValue points honestly\nTreat most major points as worth about ¥1 each when spent on everyday purchases. Discount points that are store-locked or close to expiry, and be skeptical of valuations that assume perfect airline-mile redemptions. Most importantly, points are a modest, tax-free discount on spending you would do anyway — they are never a reason to spend more or open products you do not need.","url":"/en/points/choosing-a-point-ecosystem","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:crypto-tax-in-japan:en","entityId":"guide:crypto-tax-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Crypto tax in Japan","plainText":"Crypto gains are miscellaneous income taxed at your marginal rate (up to ~55% with resident tax); every disposal — including crypto-to-crypto — is taxable.\nWhy crypto is taxed heavily and what counts as a taxable event.\nGains are miscellaneous income, not the ~20% stock rate.\nCombined top rate can reach roughly 55%.\nSelling, swapping, and spending crypto are all taxable.\nKeep detailed records of every transaction.\nHow crypto is taxed\nIn Japan, crypto profits are treated as miscellaneous income (雑所得) and taxed at your marginal income-tax rate plus resident tax — combined this can reach roughly 55% at the top brackets, far above the roughly 20% flat rate that applies to listed stocks. There is no special low rate for crypto and no NISA-style shelter. This tax treatment is often the single biggest reason to be cautious.\nWhat counts as a taxable event\nA taxable event is any disposal: selling crypto for yen, swapping one crypto for another, and spending crypto on goods or services all realize a gain or loss measured in yen at the time. Because each event needs a cost basis and yen valuation, you must keep detailed records — dates, amounts, yen values, and fees — and many people use crypto tax-calculation tools. For active trading, a tax accountant is worthwhile.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/crypto/crypto-tax-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:crypto"],"faqs":["faq:crypto-tax","faq:crypto-record"],"products":["product:bitflyer","product:bitbank"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-registered-exchange"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"crypto","text":"Crypto gains are miscellaneous income taxed at your marginal rate (up to ~55% with resident tax); every disposal — including crypto-to-crypto — is taxable.\nWhy crypto is taxed heavily and what counts as a taxable event.\nGains are miscellaneous income, not the ~20% stock rate.\nCombined top rate can reach roughly 55%.\nSelling, swapping, and spending crypto are all taxable.\nKeep detailed records of every transaction.\nHow crypto is taxed\nIn Japan, crypto profits are treated as miscellaneous income (雑所得) and taxed at your marginal income-tax rate plus resident tax — combined this can reach roughly 55% at the top brackets, far above the roughly 20% flat rate that applies to listed stocks. There is no special low rate for crypto and no NISA-style shelter. This tax treatment is often the single biggest reason to be cautious.\nWhat counts as a taxable event\nA taxable event is any disposal: selling crypto for yen, swapping one crypto for another, and spending crypto on goods or services all realize a gain or loss measured in yen at the time. Because each event needs a cost basis and yen valuation, you must keep detailed records — dates, amounts, yen values, and fees — and many people use crypto tax-calculation tools. For active trading, a tax accountant is worthwhile.","url":"/en/crypto/crypto-tax-in-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:choosing-a-registered-exchange:en","entityId":"guide:choosing-a-registered-exchange","entityType":"guide","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Choosing a registered crypto exchange","plainText":"Use only FSA-registered, JVCEA-member exchanges (e.g. bitFlyer, bitbank); unregistered offshore platforms remove your protections and are common in scams.\nWhy FSA registration matters and how to avoid unregulated platforms and scams.\nOnly FSA-registered, JVCEA-member exchanges may serve residents.\nCheck the FSA registered list before depositing.\nUnregistered offshore platforms remove legal protections.\nGuaranteed returns and “recovery” services are scams.\nWhy registration matters\nOnly exchanges registered with the FSA and belonging to the JVCEA may legally serve residents of Japan, and registration brings custody, segregation, and consumer-protection obligations. Using an unregistered offshore exchange removes those protections, can complicate tax and withdrawals, and is often how fraud operates. Always confirm an exchange appears on the FSA’s registered list before depositing funds.\nAvoiding scams\nTreat any offer of guaranteed or unusually high returns as a scam — legitimate crypto has no guaranteed return. Be wary of fake exchange apps, social-media “investment coaches,” romance-investment approaches, and especially “recovery” services that promise to retrieve lost funds for a fee (a common second scam targeting victims). Withdraw test amounts first, enable strong security, and never send crypto to someone who contacted you.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/crypto/choosing-a-registered-exchange","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:crypto"],"faqs":["faq:crypto-registered","faq:crypto-fx-leverage"],"products":["product:bitflyer","product:bitbank"],"guides":["guide:crypto-tax-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"JVCEA","url":"https://jvcea.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"crypto","text":"Use only FSA-registered, JVCEA-member exchanges (e.g. bitFlyer, bitbank); unregistered offshore platforms remove your protections and are common in scams.\nWhy FSA registration matters and how to avoid unregulated platforms and scams.\nOnly FSA-registered, JVCEA-member exchanges may serve residents.\nCheck the FSA registered list before depositing.\nUnregistered offshore platforms remove legal protections.\nGuaranteed returns and “recovery” services are scams.\nWhy registration matters\nOnly exchanges registered with the FSA and belonging to the JVCEA may legally serve residents of Japan, and registration brings custody, segregation, and consumer-protection obligations. Using an unregistered offshore exchange removes those protections, can complicate tax and withdrawals, and is often how fraud operates. Always confirm an exchange appears on the FSA’s registered list before depositing funds.\nAvoiding scams\nTreat any offer of guaranteed or unusually high returns as a scam — legitimate crypto has no guaranteed return. Be wary of fake exchange apps, social-media “investment coaches,” romance-investment approaches, and especially “recovery” services that promise to retrieve lost funds for a fee (a common second scam targeting victims). Withdraw test amounts first, enable strong security, and never send crypto to someone who contacted you.","url":"/en/crypto/choosing-a-registered-exchange","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"faq:bank-documents:en","entityId":"faq:bank-documents","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What do I need to open a bank account in Japan as a foreigner?","plainText":"You generally need a residence card (在留カード), a Japanese address, and often a Japanese phone number and a personal seal (hanko) or signature. Some banks also ask for a My Number, and a few require six months of residency before opening. Online banks (Rakuten Bank, Sony Bank) and English-friendly banks (SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA) are common starting points. Requirements differ by bank, so confirm on the provider’s page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#bank-documents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japanese Bankers Association (JBA)","url":"https://www.zenginkyo.or.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"banking","text":"You generally need a residence card (在留カード), a Japanese address, and often a Japanese phone number and a personal seal (hanko) or signature. Some banks also ask for a My Number, and a few require six months of residency before opening. Online banks (Rakuten Bank, Sony Bank) and English-friendly banks (SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA) are common starting points. Requirements differ by bank, so confirm on the provider’s page before applying.","url":"/en/questions#bank-documents"},{"id":"faq:bank-english:en","entityId":"faq:bank-english","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which banks in Japan have the best English support?","plainText":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA and Sony Bank are the most commonly cited for English-language service, apps, and foreign-currency features. Rakuten Bank and SBI Shinsei Bank offer partial English support. Megabanks have limited English at most branches. If English support is essential, verify the current app language and support hours on the bank’s official site, because these change.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#bank-english","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"banking","text":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA and Sony Bank are the most commonly cited for English-language service, apps, and foreign-currency features. Rakuten Bank and SBI Shinsei Bank offer partial English support. Megabanks have limited English at most branches. If English support is essential, verify the current app language and support hours on the bank’s official site, because these change.","url":"/en/questions#bank-english"},{"id":"faq:bank-online-vs-mega:en","entityId":"faq:bank-online-vs-mega","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I use an online bank or a megabank in Japan?","plainText":"Online banks (Rakuten Bank, Sony Bank, SBI) usually win on lower fees, better apps, and integration with points and investing. Megabanks (MUFG, SMBC, Mizuho) help when you need physical branches, corporate accounts, or dealings that still expect a major bank. Many residents keep both: a megabank for salary or official uses, and an online bank for daily money and saving.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#bank-online-vs-mega","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"banking","text":"Online banks (Rakuten Bank, Sony Bank, SBI) usually win on lower fees, better apps, and integration with points and investing. Megabanks (MUFG, SMBC, Mizuho) help when you need physical branches, corporate accounts, or dealings that still expect a major bank. Many residents keep both: a megabank for salary or official uses, and an online bank for daily money and saving.","url":"/en/questions#bank-online-vs-mega"},{"id":"faq:bank-frozen:en","entityId":"faq:bank-frozen","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why would a Japanese bank freeze or restrict my account?","plainText":"Common reasons are an expired residence card or out-of-date registered information, suspected fraud or unusual activity, dormancy, or anti-money-laundering checks. Keep your address and residency status updated with the bank, respond promptly to identity-verification requests, and avoid receiving unexplained large transfers. If restricted, contact the bank directly — never through a link in an unexpected message.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#bank-frozen","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"banking","text":"Common reasons are an expired residence card or out-of-date registered information, suspected fraud or unusual activity, dormancy, or anti-money-laundering checks. Keep your address and residency status updated with the bank, respond promptly to identity-verification requests, and avoid receiving unexplained large transfers. If restricted, contact the bank directly — never through a link in an unexpected message.","url":"/en/questions#bank-frozen"},{"id":"faq:bank-no-job:en","entityId":"faq:bank-no-job","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I open a Japanese bank account without a job?","plainText":"Yes, employment is usually not required to open a basic deposit account — a residence card and address are the core requirements. Students and dependents routinely open accounts. Employment matters more for credit cards and loans than for opening a bank account itself. Requirements vary, so check the specific bank.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#bank-no-job","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"personas":["persona:newcomer","persona:student"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japanese Bankers Association (JBA)","url":"https://www.zenginkyo.or.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"banking","text":"Yes, employment is usually not required to open a basic deposit account — a residence card and address are the core requirements. Students and dependents routinely open accounts. Employment matters more for credit cards and loans than for opening a bank account itself. Requirements vary, so check the specific bank.","url":"/en/questions#bank-no-job"},{"id":"faq:card-foreigner-approval:en","entityId":"faq:card-foreigner-approval","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can foreigners get a credit card in Japan?","plainText":"Yes. Approval depends on stable income and residency, not nationality — but your foreign credit history does not transfer, so you start fresh. Accessible first cards include Rakuten Card and Epos Card. Longer residency, a stable job, and having a Japanese bank account improve your odds. A longer-validity residence card also helps.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#card-foreigner-approval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Yes. Approval depends on stable income and residency, not nationality — but your foreign credit history does not transfer, so you start fresh. Accessible first cards include Rakuten Card and Epos Card. Longer residency, a stable job, and having a Japanese bank account improve your odds. A longer-validity residence card also helps.","url":"/en/questions#card-foreigner-approval"},{"id":"faq:card-rejected:en","entityId":"faq:card-rejected","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why was my Japanese credit card application rejected?","plainText":"Issuers generally do not disclose an individual rejection reason, so explanations about income, employment, residency or nationality are speculation. Check that your application was accurate, avoid several reactive applications, and consider requesting your own registered information from CIC or JICC before deciding whether to reapply.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#card-rejected","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JICC","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Issuers generally do not disclose an individual rejection reason, so explanations about income, employment, residency or nationality are speculation. Check that your application was accurate, avoid several reactive applications, and consider requesting your own registered information from CIC or JICC before deciding whether to reapply.","url":"/en/questions#card-rejected"},{"id":"faq:card-riborai:en","entityId":"faq:card-riborai","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is リボ払い (revolving payment) and should I avoid it?","plainText":"リボ払い (revolving payment) spreads your balance into small monthly payments while charging high effective interest — often around 15% a year. It is sometimes on by default or promoted with point bonuses. For most people it is best avoided: choose 一括払い (pay in full) each month so you pay no interest. Check your card’s payment setting and switch off automatic revolving if you did not intend it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#card-riborai","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"リボ払い (revolving payment) spreads your balance into small monthly payments while charging high effective interest — often around 15% a year. It is sometimes on by default or promoted with point bonuses. For most people it is best avoided: choose 一括払い (pay in full) each month so you pay no interest. Check your card’s payment setting and switch off automatic revolving if you did not intend it.","url":"/en/questions#card-riborai"},{"id":"faq:card-first-card:en","entityId":"faq:card-first-card","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a good first credit card in Japan?","plainText":"Compare a first card by stated eligibility, fixed cost, payment settings, and where you can redeem points—not supposed approval ease. Rakuten Card and Epos Card are two no-annual-fee examples with different point programs and card features. The best fit is usually tied to where you already spend. Confirm current terms on the issuer’s site.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#card-first-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Marui / Epos","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Compare a first card by stated eligibility, fixed cost, payment settings, and where you can redeem points—not supposed approval ease. Rakuten Card and Epos Card are two no-annual-fee examples with different point programs and card features. The best fit is usually tied to where you already spend. Confirm current terms on the issuer’s site.","url":"/en/questions#card-first-card"},{"id":"faq:card-annual-fee:en","entityId":"faq:card-annual-fee","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are annual-fee credit cards worth it in Japan?","plainText":"Only if you actually use the benefits. Annual-fee cards can pay for themselves through travel insurance, airport-lounge access, higher point multipliers, or concierge services — but if you would not otherwise use those, a no-annual-fee card is better. Add up the concrete value you will use in a year and compare it to the fee.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#card-annual-fee","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"American Express","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Only if you actually use the benefits. Annual-fee cards can pay for themselves through travel insurance, airport-lounge access, higher point multipliers, or concierge services — but if you would not otherwise use those, a no-annual-fee card is better. Add up the concrete value you will use in a year and compare it to the fee.","url":"/en/questions#card-annual-fee"},{"id":"faq:nisa-eligibility:en","entityId":"faq:nisa-eligibility","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can foreign residents open a NISA account in Japan?","plainText":"Generally yes, if you are a tax resident of Japan (with a My Number) and at least 18. NISA is tied to residency, not citizenship, so most foreign residents qualify — with two big cautions: US citizens and green-card holders face US tax complications with Japanese funds, and NISA generally cannot continue after you leave Japan. Confirm eligibility and the current rules on the FSA site and with your chosen brokerage.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#nisa-eligibility","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"personas":["persona:newcomer","persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"investing","text":"Generally yes, if you are a tax resident of Japan (with a My Number) and at least 18. NISA is tied to residency, not citizenship, so most foreign residents qualify — with two big cautions: US citizens and green-card holders face US tax complications with Japanese funds, and NISA generally cannot continue after you leave Japan. Confirm eligibility and the current rules on the FSA site and with your chosen brokerage.","url":"/en/questions#nisa-eligibility"},{"id":"faq:nisa-leaving-japan:en","entityId":"faq:nisa-leaving-japan","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens to my NISA if I leave Japan?","plainText":"NISA is a benefit for residents. When you lose Japanese tax residency you generally cannot keep contributing, and brokerages differ on whether the account is closed, frozen, or must be sold — some allow a temporary overseas-resident continuation for limited periods. Because the tax treatment of unwinding matters, plan your exit before building a large balance and ask your brokerage about their specific offshore policy.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#nisa-leaving-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"personas":["persona:leaving-japan","persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"investing","text":"NISA is a benefit for residents. When you lose Japanese tax residency you generally cannot keep contributing, and brokerages differ on whether the account is closed, frozen, or must be sold — some allow a temporary overseas-resident continuation for limited periods. Because the tax treatment of unwinding matters, plan your exit before building a large balance and ask your brokerage about their specific offshore policy.","url":"/en/questions#nisa-leaving-japan"},{"id":"faq:nisa-us-citizen:en","entityId":"faq:nisa-us-citizen","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should US citizens use NISA or Japanese mutual funds?","plainText":"Be very careful. Japanese mutual funds and ETFs are usually PFICs (Passive Foreign Investment Companies) for US tax, which triggers punitive US taxation and heavy Form 8621 reporting — and the NISA tax exemption does not apply to the US. Many US persons in Japan avoid Japanese pooled funds and instead hold US-domiciled assets, but rules are complex. Get advice from a cross-border US/Japan tax professional before investing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#nisa-us-citizen","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"personas":["persona:us-person","persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"investing","text":"Be very careful. Japanese mutual funds and ETFs are usually PFICs (Passive Foreign Investment Companies) for US tax, which triggers punitive US taxation and heavy Form 8621 reporting — and the NISA tax exemption does not apply to the US. Many US persons in Japan avoid Japanese pooled funds and instead hold US-domiciled assets, but rules are complex. Get advice from a cross-border US/Japan tax professional before investing.","url":"/en/questions#nisa-us-citizen"},{"id":"faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q:en","entityId":"faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA or iDeCo — which should I use first?","plainText":"They solve different problems. NISA is flexible: tax-free growth and you can withdraw anytime, making it the usual first choice. iDeCo gives a larger up-front tax break (contributions cut your taxable income) but locks money until age 60 and suits committed retirement saving. Many use NISA first for flexibility, then add iDeCo for the deduction if they are confident they will not need the money before 60. If you may leave Japan, iDeCo’s lock-up is a bigger drawback.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#nisa-vs-ideco-q","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"investing","text":"They solve different problems. NISA is flexible: tax-free growth and you can withdraw anytime, making it the usual first choice. iDeCo gives a larger up-front tax break (contributions cut your taxable income) but locks money until age 60 and suits committed retirement saving. Many use NISA first for flexibility, then add iDeCo for the deduction if they are confident they will not need the money before 60. If you may leave Japan, iDeCo’s lock-up is a bigger drawback.","url":"/en/questions#nisa-vs-ideco-q"},{"id":"faq:invest-beginner-fund:en","entityId":"faq:invest-beginner-fund","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What should a beginner invest in inside NISA?","plainText":"This is education, not a recommendation. Most beginners research low-cost, broadly diversified index funds — for example all-country (全世界株式) or S&P 500 trackers — rather than picking individual stocks, because low fees and diversification are within your control while returns are not. Understand that values fall as well as rise, match the risk to your time horizon, and never invest money you may need soon.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#invest-beginner-fund","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"investing","text":"This is education, not a recommendation. Most beginners research low-cost, broadly diversified index funds — for example all-country (全世界株式) or S&P 500 trackers — rather than picking individual stocks, because low fees and diversification are within your control while returns are not. Understand that values fall as well as rise, match the risk to your time horizon, and never invest money you may need soon.","url":"/en/questions#invest-beginner-fund"},{"id":"faq:tax-resident-status:en","entityId":"faq:tax-resident-status","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How does tax residency work in Japan?","plainText":"For tax, Japan classifies you as non-resident, non-permanent resident, or permanent resident — separate from your immigration status. Broadly: non-residents are taxed only on Japan-source income; non-permanent residents (in Japan under 5 of the last 10 years, without permanent intent) are taxed on Japan-source income plus foreign income paid in or remitted to Japan; permanent residents (for tax) are taxed on worldwide income. This affects foreign income and investments, so confirm your category with the NTA or a tax accountant.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-resident-status","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"For tax, Japan classifies you as non-resident, non-permanent resident, or permanent resident — separate from your immigration status. Broadly: non-residents are taxed only on Japan-source income; non-permanent residents (in Japan under 5 of the last 10 years, without permanent intent) are taxed on Japan-source income plus foreign income paid in or remitted to Japan; permanent residents (for tax) are taxed on worldwide income. This affects foreign income and investments, so confirm your category with the NTA or a tax accountant.","url":"/en/questions#tax-resident-status"},{"id":"faq:tax-need-to-file:en","entityId":"faq:tax-need-to-file","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do I need to file a tax return in Japan?","plainText":"Many employees do not, because tax is settled by year-end adjustment (年末調整). You generally must file (確定申告) if you have side income over ¥200,000, two or more employers, self-employment income, sizeable investment or crypto gains, or you want to claim deductions like large medical costs or a first-year mortgage credit. Filing season is Feb 16 – Mar 15 via e-Tax. When unsure, check the NTA guidance or ask a 税理士.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-need-to-file","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:freelancer","persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.e-tax.nta.go.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"Many employees do not, because tax is settled by year-end adjustment (年末調整). You generally must file (確定申告) if you have side income over ¥200,000, two or more employers, self-employment income, sizeable investment or crypto gains, or you want to claim deductions like large medical costs or a first-year mortgage credit. Filing season is Feb 16 – Mar 15 via e-Tax. When unsure, check the NTA guidance or ask a 税理士.","url":"/en/questions#tax-need-to-file"},{"id":"faq:tax-resident-tax-timing:en","entityId":"faq:tax-resident-tax-timing","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why did I get a big resident tax bill in my second year?","plainText":"Resident tax (住民税, about 10%) is charged the year after the income is earned, based on the previous year’s income. So in your first year you often pay little, and in your second year you get a bill for your full first-year income. The same lag means people who stop working or leave Japan can still owe resident tax afterward. Budget for it in advance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-resident-tax-timing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:newcomer","persona:leaving-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"Resident tax (住民税, about 10%) is charged the year after the income is earned, based on the previous year’s income. So in your first year you often pay little, and in your second year you get a bill for your full first-year income. The same lag means people who stop working or leave Japan can still owe resident tax afterward. Budget for it in advance.","url":"/en/questions#tax-resident-tax-timing"},{"id":"faq:tax-furusato:en","entityId":"faq:tax-furusato","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is Furusato Nozei and is it worth it?","plainText":"Furusato Nozei (ふるさと納税) lets you donate to local governments and receive local gifts (food, goods) while deducting almost all of the donation from your resident and income tax — you effectively pay ¥2,000 out of pocket for the gifts. It is worth it for most taxpayers with sufficient income, up to a limit based on your income and family situation. Use the official rules and a limit simulator, and keep the paperwork (One-Stop or tax return) to claim the deduction.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-furusato","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1155.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"Furusato Nozei (ふるさと納税) lets you donate to local governments and receive local gifts (food, goods) while deducting almost all of the donation from your resident and income tax — you effectively pay ¥2,000 out of pocket for the gifts. It is worth it for most taxpayers with sufficient income, up to a limit based on your income and family situation. Use the official rules and a limit simulator, and keep the paperwork (One-Stop or tax return) to claim the deduction.","url":"/en/questions#tax-furusato"},{"id":"faq:tax-crypto:en","entityId":"faq:tax-crypto","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How is cryptocurrency taxed in Japan?","plainText":"Crypto profits are treated as miscellaneous income (雑所得) and taxed at your marginal rate — combined with resident tax this can reach roughly 55%, unlike the ~20% flat rate for listed stocks. Every disposal is taxable, including selling for yen, trading one crypto for another, and spending crypto on goods. You must track cost basis and calculate gains, so recordkeeping tools are important, and larger activity often warrants a tax accountant.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-crypto","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"Crypto profits are treated as miscellaneous income (雑所得) and taxed at your marginal rate — combined with resident tax this can reach roughly 55%, unlike the ~20% flat rate for listed stocks. Every disposal is taxable, including selling for yen, trading one crypto for another, and spending crypto on goods. You must track cost basis and calculate gains, so recordkeeping tools are important, and larger activity often warrants a tax accountant.","url":"/en/questions#tax-crypto"},{"id":"faq:tax-200000-rule:en","entityId":"faq:tax-200000-rule","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is the ¥200,000 side-income rule based on revenue or profit?","plainText":"It is income after related expenses, not gross revenue. A one-job employee generally must file a national return when non-employment, non-retirement income exceeds ¥200,000 (measured after expenses). Exactly ¥200,000 does not trigger it — the rule is “exceeds.” Importantly, even below ¥200,000 your municipality usually still expects a resident-tax declaration of that income, so the ¥200,000 relief is national-tax only.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-200000-rule","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1900.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"It is income after related expenses, not gross revenue. A one-job employee generally must file a national return when non-employment, non-retirement income exceeds ¥200,000 (measured after expenses). Exactly ¥200,000 does not trigger it — the rule is “exceeds.” Importantly, even below ¥200,000 your municipality usually still expects a resident-tax declaration of that income, so the ¥200,000 relief is national-tax only.","url":"/en/questions#tax-200000-rule"},{"id":"faq:tax-deduction-vs-credit:en","entityId":"faq:tax-deduction-vs-credit","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the difference between a deduction and a tax credit?","plainText":"An income deduction (所得控除) reduces the income you are taxed on, so its value is roughly your marginal rate times the deduction — a ¥300,000 medical deduction at a 20% rate saves about ¥60,000 of national tax, plus some resident tax. A tax credit (税額控除), such as the housing-loan credit, reduces the calculated tax directly, so a ¥300,000 credit can cut tax by up to ¥300,000. A deduction is not a refund of its full amount.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-deduction-vs-credit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1199.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"An income deduction (所得控除) reduces the income you are taxed on, so its value is roughly your marginal rate times the deduction — a ¥300,000 medical deduction at a 20% rate saves about ¥60,000 of national tax, plus some resident tax. A tax credit (税額控除), such as the housing-loan credit, reduces the calculated tax directly, so a ¥300,000 credit can cut tax by up to ¥300,000. A deduction is not a refund of its full amount.","url":"/en/questions#tax-deduction-vs-credit"},{"id":"faq:tax-medical-deduction:en","entityId":"faq:tax-medical-deduction","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How does the medical expense deduction work?","plainText":"Deduct qualifying medical costs you paid in the year for yourself or family sharing your livelihood, minus reimbursements and a ¥100,000 threshold (or 5% of total income if that is below ¥2M), capped at a ¥2M deduction. Example: ¥500,000 costs − ¥100,000 reimbursement − ¥100,000 threshold = ¥300,000. You file a return (not year-end adjustment), submit a statement, and keep receipts five years. You cannot combine it with the self-medication deduction in the same year.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-medical-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1120.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"Deduct qualifying medical costs you paid in the year for yourself or family sharing your livelihood, minus reimbursements and a ¥100,000 threshold (or 5% of total income if that is below ¥2M), capped at a ¥2M deduction. Example: ¥500,000 costs − ¥100,000 reimbursement − ¥100,000 threshold = ¥300,000. You file a return (not year-end adjustment), submit a statement, and keep receipts five years. You cannot combine it with the self-medication deduction in the same year.","url":"/en/questions#tax-medical-deduction"},{"id":"faq:tax-yea-vs-return:en","entityId":"faq:tax-yea-vs-return","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is year-end adjustment the same as filing a tax return?","plainText":"No. Year-end adjustment (年末調整) is your employer reconciling the income tax on the salary they paid, applying the basic, spouse, dependent, social-insurance, and insurance deductions. A final return (確定申告) is you reporting all income. Even after year-end adjustment you must file for side income over ¥200,000, medical expenses, donations beyond one-stop, or the first mortgage-credit year. Year-end adjustment does not cure unreported side, rental, overseas, or investment income.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-yea-vs-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/users/gensen/nencho/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"No. Year-end adjustment (年末調整) is your employer reconciling the income tax on the salary they paid, applying the basic, spouse, dependent, social-insurance, and insurance deductions. A final return (確定申告) is you reporting all income. Even after year-end adjustment you must file for side income over ¥200,000, medical expenses, donations beyond one-stop, or the first mortgage-credit year. Year-end adjustment does not cure unreported side, rental, overseas, or investment income.","url":"/en/questions#tax-yea-vs-return"},{"id":"faq:tax-late-filing:en","entityId":"faq:tax-late-filing","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens if I file or pay my taxes late?","plainText":"You can still file late (期限後申告), and filing voluntarily before the tax office contacts you reduces the non-filing penalty. Separately, delinquent tax (延滞税) accrues on unpaid tax from the day after the deadline — roughly 2.8% then 9.1% in 2026. Concealment triggers a heavier aggravated penalty. If you cannot pay, contact the tax office about a grace of payment (up to a year) rather than ignoring the bill.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-late-filing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2024.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/nozei/entaizei/keisan/entai.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"You can still file late (期限後申告), and filing voluntarily before the tax office contacts you reduces the non-filing penalty. Separately, delinquent tax (延滞税) accrues on unpaid tax from the day after the deadline — roughly 2.8% then 9.1% in 2026. Concealment triggers a heavier aggravated penalty. If you cannot pay, contact the tax office about a grace of payment (up to a year) rather than ignoring the bill.","url":"/en/questions#tax-late-filing"},{"id":"faq:tax-consumption-threshold:en","entityId":"faq:tax-consumption-threshold","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is the ¥10 million consumption-tax threshold based on profit?","plainText":"No — it is taxable sales in the base period (for an individual, normally the year two years earlier), not profit. A low-margin business with high turnover can be liable while a high-profit consultancy with modest billings may not. The exemption can also be lost by the specified-period test, a voluntary election, succession, or — importantly — registering as a qualified-invoice issuer, which makes you taxable regardless of sales.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-consumption-threshold","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"No — it is taxable sales in the base period (for an individual, normally the year two years earlier), not profit. A low-margin business with high turnover can be liable while a high-profit consultancy with modest billings may not. The exemption can also be lost by the specified-period test, a voluntary election, succession, or — importantly — registering as a qualified-invoice issuer, which makes you taxable regardless of sales.","url":"/en/questions#tax-consumption-threshold"},{"id":"faq:tax-invoice-register:en","entityId":"faq:tax-invoice-register","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I register for the invoice system (インボイス)?","plainText":"It depends on your clients. Registering as a qualified-invoice issuer lets business customers claim input-tax credit on what they pay you, but it makes you liable for consumption tax you were exempt from. Weigh how much revenue comes from business clients who need input credit, and the risk of lost work or discounts, against the tax and compliance cost. The temporary 20% special measure can cap early-year liability. This is a good first-registration question for a 税理士.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-invoice-register","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"It depends on your clients. Registering as a qualified-invoice issuer lets business customers claim input-tax credit on what they pay you, but it makes you liable for consumption tax you were exempt from. Weigh how much revenue comes from business clients who need input credit, and the risk of lost work or discounts, against the tax and compliance cost. The temporary 20% special measure can cap early-year liability. This is a good first-registration question for a 税理士.","url":"/en/questions#tax-invoice-register"},{"id":"faq:tax-stock-losses:en","entityId":"faq:tax-stock-losses","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I use stock losses to reduce my tax?","plainText":"Yes, if you file. A listed-share loss can be offset against listed-share gains and, by election, eligible dividends, and any remaining loss carries forward up to three years — but only if you file a return every year in the window, even a no-gain year. Note NISA losses cannot offset taxable gains, and filing to use losses also adds the income to resident-tax measures, which can raise health-insurance premiums.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-stock-losses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"Yes, if you file. A listed-share loss can be offset against listed-share gains and, by election, eligible dividends, and any remaining loss carries forward up to three years — but only if you file a return every year in the window, even a no-gain year. Note NISA losses cannot offset taxable gains, and filing to use losses also adds the income to resident-tax measures, which can raise health-insurance premiums.","url":"/en/questions#tax-stock-losses"},{"id":"faq:tax-us-citizen:en","entityId":"faq:tax-us-citizen","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"I am a US citizen in Japan — do I still file US taxes?","plainText":"Generally yes. The US taxes citizens and green-card holders on worldwide income even while resident in Japan, so you usually file in both countries. The foreign tax credit and foreign earned income exclusion reduce double taxation but must be claimed on a US return. Japanese accounts and funds can trigger FBAR, FATCA, and possible PFIC issues that Japanese tax software does not handle — use a Japan 税理士 together with a US CPA/EA.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-us-citizen","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:us-person"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Internal Revenue Service (IRS)","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/us-citizens-and-resident-aliens-abroad","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Finance Japan","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/tax_policy/summary/international/tax_convention/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"Generally yes. The US taxes citizens and green-card holders on worldwide income even while resident in Japan, so you usually file in both countries. The foreign tax credit and foreign earned income exclusion reduce double taxation but must be claimed on a US return. Japanese accounts and funds can trigger FBAR, FATCA, and possible PFIC issues that Japanese tax software does not handle — use a Japan 税理士 together with a US CPA/EA.","url":"/en/questions#tax-us-citizen"},{"id":"faq:tax-leaving-japan:en","entityId":"faq:tax-leaving-japan","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What do I need to do about tax when I leave Japan?","plainText":"Complete the departure-year return before leaving, or appoint a tax agent (納税管理人) to file afterward from within Japan. Resident tax on the prior year survives departure, so arrange payment with your municipality. Test exit-tax exposure (it can apply at ¥100M of specified financial assets), and if you had employee pension, consider a lump-sum withdrawal — a tax agent can often reclaim much of the 20.42% withheld by applying retirement-income treatment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#tax-leaving-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:leaving-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1923.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/12004.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"Complete the departure-year return before leaving, or appoint a tax agent (納税管理人) to file afterward from within Japan. Resident tax on the prior year survives departure, so arrange payment with your municipality. Test exit-tax exposure (it can apply at ¥100M of specified financial assets), and if you had employee pension, consider a lump-sum withdrawal — a tax agent can often reclaim much of the 20.42% withheld by applying retirement-income treatment.","url":"/en/questions#tax-leaving-japan"},{"id":"faq:freelance-open:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-open","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How do I register as a freelancer (sole proprietor) in Japan?","plainText":"File a notification of business opening (開業届) with your local tax office within about a month of starting — it is free and short. At the same time, file the blue-return application (青色申告承認申請書) to unlock the up-to-¥650,000 deduction. You keep your existing visa status if it permits the work; some visa types need permission for self-employment, so check your residence status first.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-open","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"File a notification of business opening (開業届) with your local tax office within about a month of starting — it is free and short. At the same time, file the blue-return application (青色申告承認申請書) to unlock the up-to-¥650,000 deduction. You keep your existing visa status if it permits the work; some visa types need permission for self-employment, so check your residence status first.","url":"/en/questions#freelance-open"},{"id":"faq:freelance-blue-return:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-blue-return","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the blue return (青色申告) and is it worth it?","plainText":"The blue return is a filing status that rewards proper bookkeeping. With double-entry books filed electronically, you can deduct up to ¥650,000 from your income, carry losses forward for three years, and deduct family salaries. The trade-off is more disciplined recordkeeping — which cloud accounting software largely automates. For most freelancers with steady income, the tax saving clearly outweighs the effort.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-blue-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"The blue return is a filing status that rewards proper bookkeeping. With double-entry books filed electronically, you can deduct up to ¥650,000 from your income, carry losses forward for three years, and deduct family salaries. The trade-off is more disciplined recordkeeping — which cloud accounting software largely automates. For most freelancers with steady income, the tax saving clearly outweighs the effort.","url":"/en/questions#freelance-blue-return"},{"id":"faq:freelance-invoice:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-invoice","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do I need to register for the invoice system (インボイス) as a freelancer?","plainText":"It depends on your clients. Registering gives you a T-number so business clients can claim consumption-tax input credits on what they pay you — but it also makes you a consumption-tax payer, adding cost and paperwork. If your clients are consumers or tax-exempt small businesses, registering may add cost for no benefit. If your clients are companies that demand qualified invoices, not registering can cost you work. Weigh your client base; a transitional credit for buyers from unregistered suppliers is stepping down over time.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-invoice","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"It depends on your clients. Registering gives you a T-number so business clients can claim consumption-tax input credits on what they pay you — but it also makes you a consumption-tax payer, adding cost and paperwork. If your clients are consumers or tax-exempt small businesses, registering may add cost for no benefit. If your clients are companies that demand qualified invoices, not registering can cost you work. Weigh your client base; a transitional credit for buyers from unregistered suppliers is stepping down over time.","url":"/en/questions#freelance-invoice"},{"id":"faq:freelance-reserve:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-reserve","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How much should a freelancer set aside for taxes in Japan?","plainText":"A common rule of thumb is to reserve 20–35% of profit for income tax, resident tax, national pension, and national health insurance combined — higher as your income rises, because income tax is progressive. Remember resident tax and health-insurance premiums are billed based on the prior year, so your bills lag your income. Set the reserve aside in a separate account each month rather than facing it all at filing time.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-reserve","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"A common rule of thumb is to reserve 20–35% of profit for income tax, resident tax, national pension, and national health insurance combined — higher as your income rises, because income tax is progressive. Remember resident tax and health-insurance premiums are billed based on the prior year, so your bills lag your income. Set the reserve aside in a separate account each month rather than facing it all at filing time.","url":"/en/questions#freelance-reserve"},{"id":"faq:freelance-health-insurance:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-health-insurance","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What about pension and health insurance when self-employed in Japan?","plainText":"As a sole proprietor you generally enroll in National Health Insurance (国民健康保険) and the National Pension (国民年金), and you pay both yourself — there is no employer split. National Pension is a flat monthly amount; National Health Insurance premiums are income-based and billed by your municipality. You can add optional coverage (e.g. the national pension fund, iDeCo, or income-protection insurance) to close gaps. Budget these into your tax reserve.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-health-insurance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"As a sole proprietor you generally enroll in National Health Insurance (国民健康保険) and the National Pension (国民年金), and you pay both yourself — there is no employer split. National Pension is a flat monthly amount; National Health Insurance premiums are income-based and billed by your municipality. You can add optional coverage (e.g. the national pension fund, iDeCo, or income-protection insurance) to close gaps. Budget these into your tax reserve.","url":"/en/questions#freelance-health-insurance"},{"id":"faq:freelance-what-taxes:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-what-taxes","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What taxes does a freelancer pay in Japan?","plainText":"A sole proprietor pays national income tax (progressive) and local resident tax (~10%), both on business profit after expenses and deductions, plus National Pension and National Health Insurance premiums that you fund yourself. If your taxable sales pass ¥10 million — or you register for the invoice system — consumption tax is added. Resident tax and health-insurance premiums are based on the prior year, so bills lag income. Confirm current rates and deductions each year, as recent reforms have moved the basic deduction and thresholds.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-what-taxes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"A sole proprietor pays national income tax (progressive) and local resident tax (~10%), both on business profit after expenses and deductions, plus National Pension and National Health Insurance premiums that you fund yourself. If your taxable sales pass ¥10 million — or you register for the invoice system — consumption tax is added. Resident tax and health-insurance premiums are based on the prior year, so bills lag income. Confirm current rates and deductions each year, as recent reforms have moved the basic deduction and thresholds.","url":"/en/questions#freelance-what-taxes"},{"id":"faq:freelance-consumption-tax-when:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-consumption-tax-when","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"When does a freelancer have to pay consumption tax in Japan?","plainText":"By default you are an exempt business until taxable sales in the base period (for an individual, the year two years earlier) exceed ¥10 million; a specified-period test on the prior year’s first half can also trigger it. However, registering for the invoice system to issue a T-number makes you a taxable business even below ¥10 million. Taxable businesses can often reduce the calculation using simplified taxation or the temporary 20% special measure, both of which are date-sensitive and being revised through 2026–2029 — confirm your year with the NTA or a 税理士.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-consumption-tax-when","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"By default you are an exempt business until taxable sales in the base period (for an individual, the year two years earlier) exceed ¥10 million; a specified-period test on the prior year’s first half can also trigger it. However, registering for the invoice system to issue a T-number makes you a taxable business even below ¥10 million. Taxable businesses can often reduce the calculation using simplified taxation or the temporary 20% special measure, both of which are date-sensitive and being revised through 2026–2029 — confirm your year with the NTA or a 税理士.","url":"/en/questions#freelance-consumption-tax-when"},{"id":"faq:freelance-which-software:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-which-software","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which accounting software is best for freelancers in Japan?","plainText":"freee, Money Forward Cloud, and Yayoi all import bank and card data, keep double-entry books, and produce blue-return forms and e-Tax data. freee is guided and beginner-friendly; Money Forward Cloud is more flexible with broad integrations; Yayoi is the long-established option with the widest tax-accountant familiarity. All three interfaces are Japanese-only, so budget for some Japanese or a helper. Compare current plans at the tier level and try a trial rather than choosing on brand or headline price.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-which-software","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"freee","url":"https://www.freee.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Money Forward","url":"https://biz.moneyforward.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Yayoi","url":"https://www.yayoi-kk.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"freee, Money Forward Cloud, and Yayoi all import bank and card data, keep double-entry books, and produce blue-return forms and e-Tax data. freee is guided and beginner-friendly; Money Forward Cloud is more flexible with broad integrations; Yayoi is the long-established option with the widest tax-accountant familiarity. All three interfaces are Japanese-only, so budget for some Japanese or a helper. Compare current plans at the tier level and try a trial rather than choosing on brand or headline price.","url":"/en/questions#freelance-which-software"},{"id":"faq:freelance-retirement-toolkit:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-retirement-toolkit","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How can a self-employed person save for retirement in Japan tax-efficiently?","plainText":"Self-employed savers can stack deductible schemes. Small-business mutual aid (小規模企業共済) allows ¥1,000–70,000/month (up to ¥840,000/year), fully deductible, paid out when you close or retire the business. iDeCo lets the self-employed contribute up to ¥68,000/month, a ceiling shared with the National Pension Fund. The extra pension (付加年金) cheaply raises the state pension. All reduce this year’s taxable income while building your own safety net; lump-sum payout timing rules interact, so plan large withdrawals with a professional.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-retirement-toolkit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Organization for SME and Regional Innovation (SMRJ)","url":"https://www.smrj.go.jp/kyosai/skyosai/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association (iDeCo)","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Self-employed savers can stack deductible schemes. Small-business mutual aid (小規模企業共済) allows ¥1,000–70,000/month (up to ¥840,000/year), fully deductible, paid out when you close or retire the business. iDeCo lets the self-employed contribute up to ¥68,000/month, a ceiling shared with the National Pension Fund. The extra pension (付加年金) cheaply raises the state pension. All reduce this year’s taxable income while building your own safety net; lump-sum payout timing rules interact, so plan large withdrawals with a professional.","url":"/en/questions#freelance-retirement-toolkit"},{"id":"faq:freelance-withholding:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-withholding","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why is tax withheld from my freelance payments in Japan?","plainText":"For certain fees paid to individuals — writing, design, translation, lectures, and some professional services — the paying company must withhold income tax at source (about 10.21%) and remit it for you, so the deposit arrives smaller than the invoice. This is a prepayment, not a loss: when you file, you total the tax already withheld from each client’s payment record and credit it against what you owe, which often produces a refund. Track withholding per client so you claim all of it and don’t effectively pay twice.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-withholding","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"For certain fees paid to individuals — writing, design, translation, lectures, and some professional services — the paying company must withhold income tax at source (about 10.21%) and remit it for you, so the deposit arrives smaller than the invoice. This is a prepayment, not a loss: when you file, you total the tax already withheld from each client’s payment record and credit it against what you owe, which often produces a refund. Track withholding per client so you claim all of it and don’t effectively pay twice.","url":"/en/questions#freelance-withholding"},{"id":"faq:freelance-side-business:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-side-business","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do I need to file taxes on a side business while employed in Japan?","plainText":"Possibly, even under the often-cited ¥200,000 line. That figure is a national income-tax filing-obligation rule for certain employees settled by year-end adjustment — not a tax-free allowance — and a separate resident-tax declaration to your municipality can still be required. Whether the income is business income (which unlocks the blue return and loss offset) or miscellaneous income depends mainly on running the activity like a business and keeping proper books. If you intend it to be a real business, file the opening notification and keep double-entry records from the start.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-side-business","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1350.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Possibly, even under the often-cited ¥200,000 line. That figure is a national income-tax filing-obligation rule for certain employees settled by year-end adjustment — not a tax-free allowance — and a separate resident-tax declaration to your municipality can still be required. Whether the income is business income (which unlocks the blue return and loss offset) or miscellaneous income depends mainly on running the activity like a business and keeping proper books. If you intend it to be a real business, file the opening notification and keep double-entry records from the start.","url":"/en/questions#freelance-side-business"},{"id":"faq:freelance-what-expenses:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-what-expenses","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What can a freelancer claim as business expenses in Japan?","plainText":"Any cost genuinely incurred to earn your business income — supplies, software subscriptions, professional fees, client travel, and communication — is deductible if you keep the receipt and can show the business purpose. Costs that serve both life and work (home rent and utilities, phone, car) are split by a reasonable, documented ratio (家事按分), such as floor area or usage time. Cheap tools are expensed at once, but bigger equipment is depreciated over its useful life; small-asset thresholds and useful-life tables are set by the NTA and change, so confirm current figures.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-what-expenses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Any cost genuinely incurred to earn your business income — supplies, software subscriptions, professional fees, client travel, and communication — is deductible if you keep the receipt and can show the business purpose. Costs that serve both life and work (home rent and utilities, phone, car) are split by a reasonable, documented ratio (家事按分), such as floor area or usage time. Cheap tools are expensed at once, but bigger equipment is depreciated over its useful life; small-asset thresholds and useful-life tables are set by the NTA and change, so confirm current figures.","url":"/en/questions#freelance-what-expenses"},{"id":"faq:freelance-incorporate-when:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-incorporate-when","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"When should a freelancer incorporate a company in Japan?","plainText":"There is no single magic number; incorporate when stable, higher profit makes the corporate-tax advantage outweigh the added fixed costs, and usually when a non-tax reason also applies — hiring, raising money, bigger contracts, consumption-tax timing, or clients that will only bill a company. A company adds incorporation fees, annual local taxes even in a loss year, mandatory employees’ social insurance, more complex accounting, and typically a tax accountant. Model your own tax and social-insurance outcome as a proprietor versus a company with a 税理士 before deciding.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-incorporate-when","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Justice / Legal Affairs Bureau","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/houjintouki.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"There is no single magic number; incorporate when stable, higher profit makes the corporate-tax advantage outweigh the added fixed costs, and usually when a non-tax reason also applies — hiring, raising money, bigger contracts, consumption-tax timing, or clients that will only bill a company. A company adds incorporation fees, annual local taxes even in a loss year, mandatory employees’ social insurance, more complex accounting, and typically a tax accountant. Model your own tax and social-insurance outcome as a proprietor versus a company with a 税理士 before deciding.","url":"/en/questions#freelance-incorporate-when"},{"id":"faq:freelance-kk-vs-gk:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-kk-vs-gk","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I set up a KK or a GK (godo-kaisha) in Japan?","plainText":"A godo-kaisha (GK) is cheaper and simpler to form and run — no articles-notarization fee and a lower registration tax — with the same limited liability, so many solo founders start there. A kabushiki-kaisha (KK) costs more but has the strongest public recognition and can issue shares to raise capital, which matters if you expect investment or enterprise clients that prefer a KK. You can convert a GK to a KK later. Fees, capital, and governance rules are statutory and change, so confirm current requirements before filing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-kk-vs-gk","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Justice / Legal Affairs Bureau","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/houjintouki.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry","url":"https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/newbusiness/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"A godo-kaisha (GK) is cheaper and simpler to form and run — no articles-notarization fee and a lower registration tax — with the same limited liability, so many solo founders start there. A kabushiki-kaisha (KK) costs more but has the strongest public recognition and can issue shares to raise capital, which matters if you expect investment or enterprise clients that prefer a KK. You can convert a GK to a KK later. Fees, capital, and governance rules are statutory and change, so confirm current requirements before filing.","url":"/en/questions#freelance-kk-vs-gk"},{"id":"faq:freelance-family-salary:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-family-salary","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I deduct a salary paid to my spouse or family in my business?","plainText":"Normally wages to family are not deductible, but blue-return filers can deduct a salary to a family member who works exclusively in the business (青色事業専従者) if they file the required notification in advance and the amount is reasonable for the work. The salary becomes the family member’s taxable income, and the “works exclusively in the business” condition is real — a token salary to someone with a separate full-time job will not stand. Keep it defensible with a timely notice, market-consistent pay, actual payment, and records, as overstated family salaries are an audit target.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-family-salary","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2075.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Normally wages to family are not deductible, but blue-return filers can deduct a salary to a family member who works exclusively in the business (青色事業専従者) if they file the required notification in advance and the amount is reasonable for the work. The salary becomes the family member’s taxable income, and the “works exclusively in the business” condition is real — a token salary to someone with a separate full-time job will not stand. Keep it defensible with a timely notice, market-consistent pay, actual payment, and records, as overstated family salaries are an audit target.","url":"/en/questions#freelance-family-salary"},{"id":"faq:freelance-subsidies:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-subsidies","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are there subsidies or grants for small businesses and freelancers in Japan?","plainText":"Yes. Subsidies (補助金) from the SME Agency and ministries target goals like equipment, IT adoption, or business sustainability; they are competitive, capped, require a co-payment, and usually reimburse after you spend. Grants (助成金), often from the labor ministry, are rule-based and frequently tied to hiring or working conditions. Search official portals such as jGrants and the SME Agency, and note local government and chamber-of-commerce programs. Most pay in arrears, so budget the cash-flow gap and keep every quote, invoice, and payment record; misused funds can have to be returned.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-subsidies","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Digital Agency / SME Agency","url":"https://www.jgrants-portal.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"SME Agency (METI)","url":"https://www.chusho.meti.go.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Yes. Subsidies (補助金) from the SME Agency and ministries target goals like equipment, IT adoption, or business sustainability; they are competitive, capped, require a co-payment, and usually reimburse after you spend. Grants (助成金), often from the labor ministry, are rule-based and frequently tied to hiring or working conditions. Search official portals such as jGrants and the SME Agency, and note local government and chamber-of-commerce programs. Most pay in arrears, so budget the cash-flow gap and keep every quote, invoice, and payment record; misused funds can have to be returned.","url":"/en/questions#freelance-subsidies"},{"id":"faq:freelance-visa:en","entityId":"faq:freelance-visa","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I freelance or run a company in Japan on my visa?","plainText":"It depends on your residence status. Permanent residents and certain spouse/long-term statuses generally allow broad self-employment; activity-based work visas authorize specific employment and may not cover independent freelancing or running your own company without a change or permission; students and dependents work only within their permitted-activity limits. Running a company usually points to the Business Manager (経営・管理) status, which expects a real office, a business plan, and a capital/scale requirement that is under review. Filing a tax opening notification does not grant immigration permission — confirm your status with the Immigration Services Agency or a qualified professional first.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#freelance-visa","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/applications/status/businessmanager.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"It depends on your residence status. Permanent residents and certain spouse/long-term statuses generally allow broad self-employment; activity-based work visas authorize specific employment and may not cover independent freelancing or running your own company without a change or permission; students and dependents work only within their permitted-activity limits. Running a company usually points to the Business Manager (経営・管理) status, which expects a real office, a business plan, and a capital/scale requirement that is under review. Filing a tax opening notification does not grant immigration permission — confirm your status with the Immigration Services Agency or a qualified professional first.","url":"/en/questions#freelance-visa"},{"id":"faq:insurance-public-enough:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-public-enough","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is Japan’s public health insurance enough, or do I need private cover?","plainText":"For most people public health insurance covers a lot: it caps most medical bills near 30%, and the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit (高額療養費) further limits your monthly out-of-pocket by income, so even a major illness has a ceiling. Private medical or cancer insurance mainly covers extras (income while off work, advanced treatments, hospital-stay cash). Buy private cover to fill a specific gap you cannot self-fund, not out of general worry.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-public-enough","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"For most people public health insurance covers a lot: it caps most medical bills near 30%, and the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit (高額療養費) further limits your monthly out-of-pocket by income, so even a major illness has a ceiling. Private medical or cancer insurance mainly covers extras (income while off work, advanced treatments, hospital-stay cash). Buy private cover to fill a specific gap you cannot self-fund, not out of general worry.","url":"/en/questions#insurance-public-enough"},{"id":"faq:insurance-high-cost:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-high-cost","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit (高額療養費)?","plainText":"It is a public system that caps your out-of-pocket medical costs in a calendar month based on your income. If your covered medical bills exceed the monthly ceiling, the excess is reimbursed (or, with a limit-certificate applied in advance, not charged). This is why many residents find heavy private medical insurance unnecessary — the public ceiling already limits catastrophic costs. Confirm the current thresholds, which are set by income bracket.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-high-cost","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"It is a public system that caps your out-of-pocket medical costs in a calendar month based on your income. If your covered medical bills exceed the monthly ceiling, the excess is reimbursed (or, with a limit-certificate applied in advance, not charged). This is why many residents find heavy private medical insurance unnecessary — the public ceiling already limits catastrophic costs. Confirm the current thresholds, which are set by income bracket.","url":"/en/questions#insurance-high-cost"},{"id":"faq:insurance-life-needed:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-life-needed","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do I need life insurance in Japan?","plainText":"Life insurance mainly makes sense if someone depends on your income — a partner, children, or dependents with debts like a mortgage. If no one relies on your income, you often do not need it. When you do, term life (定期保険) is usually the cost-efficient choice: it covers a set period for a low premium, versus whole life (終身保険), which bundles savings at higher cost. Public pension also pays survivor benefits, so factor those in before choosing a sum insured.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-life-needed","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":["persona:family"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"Life insurance mainly makes sense if someone depends on your income — a partner, children, or dependents with debts like a mortgage. If no one relies on your income, you often do not need it. When you do, term life (定期保険) is usually the cost-efficient choice: it covers a set period for a low premium, versus whole life (終身保険), which bundles savings at higher cost. Public pension also pays survivor benefits, so factor those in before choosing a sum insured.","url":"/en/questions#insurance-life-needed"},{"id":"faq:insurance-earthquake:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-earthquake","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does home insurance in Japan cover earthquakes?","plainText":"No — standard fire insurance (火災保険) excludes earthquake damage. Earthquake insurance (地震保険) is a separate, government-backed rider you add to a fire policy, and its payout is capped at a share of the building/contents value (commonly 30–50%). Given Japan’s seismic risk it is worth considering, especially for owners, but understand that it is designed to help you restart life, not fully rebuild. Check limits and exclusions on the policy.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-earthquake","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":["persona:family"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/hoken/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"No — standard fire insurance (火災保険) excludes earthquake damage. Earthquake insurance (地震保険) is a separate, government-backed rider you add to a fire policy, and its payout is capped at a share of the building/contents value (commonly 30–50%). Given Japan’s seismic risk it is worth considering, especially for owners, but understand that it is designed to help you restart life, not fully rebuild. Check limits and exclusions on the policy.","url":"/en/questions#insurance-earthquake"},{"id":"faq:insurance-foreigner:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-foreigner","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can foreign residents get private insurance in Japan?","plainText":"Yes. Residents can generally buy private life, medical, auto, and home insurance; some insurers offer English-language support and applications. Public health and pension enrollment is mandatory regardless of nationality. The practical hurdles are usually language and understanding what public cover already provides. Compare the specific gap you want to fill, and confirm English support and terms with the insurer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-foreigner","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"Yes. Residents can generally buy private life, medical, auto, and home insurance; some insurers offer English-language support and applications. Public health and pension enrollment is mandatory regardless of nationality. The practical hurdles are usually language and understanding what public cover already provides. Compare the specific gap you want to fill, and confirm English support and terms with the insurer.","url":"/en/questions#insurance-foreigner"},{"id":"faq:insurance-copay-share:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-copay-share","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What percentage of medical costs do patients pay in Japan?","plainText":"Under public health insurance the patient share is generally 10%–30%, depending on age and income, before the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit applies. Working-age adults usually pay 30%; young children and many older people pay less. The high-cost benefit then caps your eligible out-of-pocket in a calendar month, so a serious illness has a ceiling. Private-room surcharges, meals, and non-covered treatment sit outside this and are paid in full.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-copay-share","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"Under public health insurance the patient share is generally 10%–30%, depending on age and income, before the High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit applies. Working-age adults usually pay 30%; young children and many older people pay less. The high-cost benefit then caps your eligible out-of-pocket in a calendar month, so a serious illness has a ceiling. Private-room surcharges, meals, and non-covered treatment sit outside this and are paid in full.","url":"/en/questions#insurance-copay-share"},{"id":"faq:insurance-cancer-waiting:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-cancer-waiting","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the waiting period on cancer insurance?","plainText":"Cancer policies commonly have a waiting (non-coverage) period of about 90 days after enrollment. A cancer diagnosed under the policy’s rules during that window is generally not covered, and pre-existing cancer is excluded. Confirm exactly when the period starts, how carcinoma in situ and recurrence are treated, and whether outpatient and advanced-treatment benefits are included — two products with the same name can pay very differently.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-cancer-waiting","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"Cancer policies commonly have a waiting (non-coverage) period of about 90 days after enrollment. A cancer diagnosed under the policy’s rules during that window is generally not covered, and pre-existing cancer is excluded. Confirm exactly when the period starts, how carcinoma in situ and recurrence are treated, and whether outpatient and advanced-treatment benefits are included — two products with the same name can pay very differently.","url":"/en/questions#insurance-cancer-waiting"},{"id":"faq:insurance-term-vs-whole:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-term-vs-whole","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Term life or whole life — which should I choose?","plainText":"Match the policy to the need. Term life is cheap and covers a fixed period, so it fits a temporary need such as raising children or paying off a mortgage. Whole life costs more, lasts for life, and may build surrender value, so it fits a genuine lifelong need such as funeral or estate liquidity. A common efficient structure is a large term policy for the dependent years plus a small permanent policy only if a lifelong need exists.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-term-vs-whole","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"Match the policy to the need. Term life is cheap and covers a fixed period, so it fits a temporary need such as raising children or paying off a mortgage. Whole life costs more, lasts for life, and may build surrender value, so it fits a genuine lifelong need such as funeral or estate liquidity. A common efficient structure is a large term policy for the dependent years plus a small permanent policy only if a lifelong need exists.","url":"/en/questions#insurance-term-vs-whole"},{"id":"faq:insurance-cali-enough:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-cali-enough","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is compulsory car insurance (自賠責) enough?","plainText":"No. Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance (自賠責) covers only bodily injury or death of accident victims, up to statutory limits, and excludes property damage, your own vehicle, and liability above those limits. Voluntary car insurance adds unlimited third-party liability, personal-injury protection, vehicle damage, legal expense, and roadside assistance. For most drivers, unlimited bodily-injury and property liability is the key gap to close.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-cali-enough","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jidosha/anzen/04relief/jibai/insurance.html","official":true},{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jidosha/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"No. Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance (自賠責) covers only bodily injury or death of accident victims, up to statutory limits, and excludes property damage, your own vehicle, and liability above those limits. Voluntary car insurance adds unlimited third-party liability, personal-injury protection, vehicle damage, legal expense, and roadside assistance. For most drivers, unlimited bodily-injury and property liability is the key gap to close.","url":"/en/questions#insurance-cali-enough"},{"id":"faq:insurance-bicycle-mandatory:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-bicycle-mandatory","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is bicycle insurance mandatory in Japan?","plainText":"It depends on local ordinance. Tokyo and many prefectures require applicable cyclists to hold liability coverage, because a cycling accident can cause very large claims. Before buying a standalone policy, check whether a household personal-liability rider on your auto, fire, renter, credit-card, employer, school, or cooperative cover already satisfies the requirement, so you do not pay twice.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-bicycle-mandatory","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Government","url":"https://www.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"It depends on local ordinance. Tokyo and many prefectures require applicable cyclists to hold liability coverage, because a cycling accident can cause very large claims. Before buying a standalone policy, check whether a household personal-liability rider on your auto, fire, renter, credit-card, employer, school, or cooperative cover already satisfies the requirement, so you do not pay twice.","url":"/en/questions#insurance-bicycle-mandatory"},{"id":"faq:insurance-card-travel:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-card-travel","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I rely on my credit card’s travel insurance?","plainText":"Only after checking the certificate for each trip. Card travel insurance may be usage-triggered (active only if you pay a qualifying travel cost with the card), may cover the cardholder only, often has low medical limits, and may omit cancellation. Issuers also change activation rules and limits over time. Treat it as a supplement, verify it before departure, and buy a standalone policy for the gap in high-cost destinations.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-card-travel","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"Only after checking the certificate for each trip. Card travel insurance may be usage-triggered (active only if you pay a qualifying travel cost with the card), may cover the cardholder only, often has low medical limits, and may omit cancellation. Issuers also change activation rules and limits over time. Treat it as a supplement, verify it before departure, and buy a standalone policy for the gap in high-cost destinations.","url":"/en/questions#insurance-card-travel"},{"id":"faq:insurance-pet-preexisting:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-pet-preexisting","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does pet insurance cover a condition my pet already has?","plainText":"Generally no. Pet insurance excludes pre-existing conditions, and related future conditions may also be excluded; preventive care and vaccinations are usually not covered either. If you want insurance, enroll while the pet is young and healthy, because conditions cannot be added later. Compare reimbursement percentage, annual and daily limits, deductibles, waiting periods, and age-based repricing against a dedicated veterinary savings fund.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-pet-preexisting","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"Generally no. Pet insurance excludes pre-existing conditions, and related future conditions may also be excluded; preventive care and vaccinations are usually not covered either. If you want insurance, enroll while the pet is young and healthy, because conditions cannot be added later. Compare reimbursement percentage, annual and daily limits, deductibles, waiting periods, and age-based repricing against a dedicated veterinary savings fund.","url":"/en/questions#insurance-pet-preexisting"},{"id":"faq:insurance-cancel-timing:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-cancel-timing","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"When can I cancel my old policy after applying for a new one?","plainText":"Not until the new cover is fully in place. Never cancel an existing health or life policy merely because you submitted a replacement application. Wait until the new insurer has accepted the contract, coverage has commenced, all special exclusions are understood, and any cooling-off or first-premium condition is resolved. Cancelling first can leave you uninsured — or uninsurable — if the new application is rated or declined.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-cancel-timing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"Not until the new cover is fully in place. Never cancel an existing health or life policy merely because you submitted a replacement application. Wait until the new insurer has accepted the contract, coverage has commenced, all special exclusions are understood, and any cooling-off or first-premium condition is resolved. Cancelling first can leave you uninsured — or uninsurable — if the new application is rated or declined.","url":"/en/questions#insurance-cancel-timing"},{"id":"faq:insurance-cooling-off:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-cooling-off","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is cooling-off for insurance in Japan?","plainText":"Cooling-off is a statutory or contractual right to revoke certain insurance applications within a stated period and method. It does not apply to every purchase — short-term, compulsory, immediate, business, or renewal transactions may fall outside it. Check the warning information (注意喚起情報) for the exact period, how to exercise it, and any exceptions before assuming you can cancel a new policy freely.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-cooling-off","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"Cooling-off is a statutory or contractual right to revoke certain insurance applications within a stated period and method. It does not apply to every purchase — short-term, compulsory, immediate, business, or renewal transactions may fall outside it. Check the warning information (注意喚起情報) for the exact period, how to exercise it, and any exceptions before assuming you can cancel a new policy freely.","url":"/en/questions#insurance-cooling-off"},{"id":"faq:insurance-leave-japan:en","entityId":"faq:insurance-leave-japan","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens to my insurance and pension when I leave Japan?","plainText":"It varies by policy and system, so confirm each in writing. For private policies, ask whether cover can continue overseas, how premiums are paid, where notices go, and whether a Japanese address or bank account is required. Withdraw from National Health Insurance at your municipality. For pension, eligible non-Japanese people can often claim a lump-sum withdrawal within two years of leaving — but claiming can erase credited periods, so compare it against keeping your record under a social-security agreement.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#insurance-leave-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/withdrawalpayment/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"It varies by policy and system, so confirm each in writing. For private policies, ask whether cover can continue overseas, how premiums are paid, where notices go, and whether a Japanese address or bank account is required. Withdraw from National Health Insurance at your municipality. For pension, eligible non-Japanese people can often claim a lump-sum withdrawal within two years of leaving — but claiming can erase credited periods, so compare it against keeping your record under a social-security agreement.","url":"/en/questions#insurance-leave-japan"},{"id":"faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr:en","entityId":"faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I get a mortgage in Japan without permanent residency?","plainText":"It is harder but possible. Many banks strongly prefer permanent residency; without it you may face a larger required down payment, a Japanese spouse guarantor, or rejection at some lenders. Flat 35, offered via the Japan Housing Finance Agency, is more rules-based and does not always require PR, making it a common route for non-PR residents. Stable long-term employment and income are decisive. Terms vary widely by bank, so compare several.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-mortgage-no-pr","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"It is harder but possible. Many banks strongly prefer permanent residency; without it you may face a larger required down payment, a Japanese spouse guarantor, or rejection at some lenders. Flat 35, offered via the Japan Housing Finance Agency, is more rules-based and does not always require PR, making it a common route for non-PR residents. Stable long-term employment and income are decisive. Terms vary widely by bank, so compare several.","url":"/en/questions#loan-mortgage-no-pr"},{"id":"faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating:en","entityId":"faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fixed or floating mortgage rate in Japan — which is better?","plainText":"There is no universal answer. Floating rates (変動) have been lower and reduce early payments but can rise, increasing your payment later. Fixed rates (固定, including Flat 35) cost more now but lock certainty for the term, protecting you if rates rise. Choose based on how much payment-increase risk you can absorb: if a rate rise would strain your budget, the certainty of fixed can be worth the premium. Model both before deciding.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-fixed-vs-floating","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"There is no universal answer. Floating rates (変動) have been lower and reduce early payments but can rise, increasing your payment later. Fixed rates (固定, including Flat 35) cost more now but lock certainty for the term, protecting you if rates rise. Choose based on how much payment-increase risk you can absorb: if a rate rise would strain your budget, the certainty of fixed can be worth the premium. Model both before deciding.","url":"/en/questions#loan-fixed-vs-floating"},{"id":"faq:loan-closing-costs:en","entityId":"faq:loan-closing-costs","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What are the closing costs when buying property in Japan?","plainText":"Beyond the down payment, budget roughly 6–10% of the price for closing costs (諸費用): the agent’s brokerage fee, registration and judicial-scrivener fees, loan guarantee and administration fees, stamp duty, acquisition and property taxes, and fire/earthquake insurance. New-build and pre-owned costs differ. These are easy to underestimate, so get an itemized estimate before committing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-closing-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT)","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_tk5_000085.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Beyond the down payment, budget roughly 6–10% of the price for closing costs (諸費用): the agent’s brokerage fee, registration and judicial-scrivener fees, loan guarantee and administration fees, stamp duty, acquisition and property taxes, and fire/earthquake insurance. New-build and pre-owned costs differ. These are easy to underestimate, so get an itemized estimate before committing.","url":"/en/questions#loan-closing-costs"},{"id":"faq:loan-rent-vs-buy:en","entityId":"faq:loan-rent-vs-buy","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is it better to rent or buy in Japan?","plainText":"It depends on how long you will stay, your job stability, and the specific property. Unlike some countries, many Japanese homes — especially older wooden houses — depreciate, and resale can be slow outside prime areas, so buying is not automatically wealth-building. Renting keeps you flexible, which matters if you might move or leave Japan. Buying can make sense for long-term residents wanting stability who have modeled the full cost and resale risk. Treat a home as shelter first.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-rent-vs-buy","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT)","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_tk5_000085.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"It depends on how long you will stay, your job stability, and the specific property. Unlike some countries, many Japanese homes — especially older wooden houses — depreciate, and resale can be slow outside prime areas, so buying is not automatically wealth-building. Renting keeps you flexible, which matters if you might move or leave Japan. Buying can make sense for long-term residents wanting stability who have modeled the full cost and resale risk. Treat a home as shelter first.","url":"/en/questions#loan-rent-vs-buy"},{"id":"faq:loan-credit-record:en","entityId":"faq:loan-credit-record","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How do I check my credit record in Japan before applying?","plainText":"Japan has credit information agencies — CIC (cards and installment), JICC, and the bank association’s KSC. You can request your own disclosure from each, usually online or by mail for a small fee. It shows your cards, loans, and any late payments (異動 marks). Checking before a mortgage application helps you spot and resolve problems — like a forgotten missed payment — that could otherwise cause a rejection.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-credit-record","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JICC","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Japan has credit information agencies — CIC (cards and installment), JICC, and the bank association’s KSC. You can request your own disclosure from each, usually online or by mail for a small fee. It shows your cards, loans, and any late payments (異動 marks). Checking before a mortgage application helps you spot and resolve problems — like a forgotten missed payment — that could otherwise cause a rejection.","url":"/en/questions#loan-credit-record"},{"id":"faq:remit-cheapest:en","entityId":"faq:remit-cheapest","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the cheapest way to send money out of Japan?","plainText":"For most personal transfers, specialist services like Wise or Revolut beat traditional bank wires, because they use the mid-market exchange rate with a transparent fee instead of a hidden rate markup. The cheapest option depends on the amount, currency, and destination, so compare the final amount the recipient receives — not the advertised fee. For very large transfers, also check limits and reporting.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#remit-cheapest","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Revolut","url":"https://www.revolut.com/ja-JP/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"remittance","text":"For most personal transfers, specialist services like Wise or Revolut beat traditional bank wires, because they use the mid-market exchange rate with a transparent fee instead of a hidden rate markup. The cheapest option depends on the amount, currency, and destination, so compare the final amount the recipient receives — not the advertised fee. For very large transfers, also check limits and reporting.","url":"/en/questions#remit-cheapest"},{"id":"faq:remit-hidden-fees:en","entityId":"faq:remit-hidden-fees","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why do international transfers cost more than the stated fee?","plainText":"The visible transfer fee is often the small part. The bigger cost is the exchange-rate markup — the gap between the rate you are given and the real mid-market rate — which is invisible unless you compare. Bank wires can also add SWIFT charges and intermediary-bank fees deducted along the way. Always compare the total recipient amount against the mid-market rate to see the true cost.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#remit-hidden-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"remittance","text":"The visible transfer fee is often the small part. The bigger cost is the exchange-rate markup — the gap between the rate you are given and the real mid-market rate — which is invisible unless you compare. Bank wires can also add SWIFT charges and intermediary-bank fees deducted along the way. Always compare the total recipient amount against the mid-market rate to see the true cost.","url":"/en/questions#remit-hidden-fees"},{"id":"faq:remit-large-transfer:en","entityId":"faq:remit-large-transfer","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are there limits or reporting on large international transfers in Japan?","plainText":"Yes. Banks and services apply their own transfer limits and may require documentation (source of funds, purpose) for large amounts. Transfers at or above a regulatory threshold are reported to authorities, and large or unusual movements can prompt anti-money-laundering questions. There can also be tax angles — gifts, overseas income, or asset movement. For significant sums, confirm the provider’s limits and consider tax advice before sending.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#remit-large-transfer","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"remittance","text":"Yes. Banks and services apply their own transfer limits and may require documentation (source of funds, purpose) for large amounts. Transfers at or above a regulatory threshold are reported to authorities, and large or unusual movements can prompt anti-money-laundering questions. There can also be tax angles — gifts, overseas income, or asset movement. For significant sums, confirm the provider’s limits and consider tax advice before sending.","url":"/en/questions#remit-large-transfer"},{"id":"faq:remit-overseas-income:en","entityId":"faq:remit-overseas-income","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is money I receive from abroad taxable in Japan?","plainText":"It depends on what it is and your tax residency. Foreign salary or business income can be taxable, and for non-permanent residents even foreign-source income becomes taxable to the extent it is paid in or remitted to Japan. Gifts and inheritances have their own rules. Simply receiving your own savings is different from receiving income. Because this is fact-specific, confirm with the NTA or a tax accountant rather than assuming it is tax-free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#remit-overseas-income","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"personas":["persona:us-person"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"remittance","text":"It depends on what it is and your tax residency. Foreign salary or business income can be taxable, and for non-permanent residents even foreign-source income becomes taxable to the extent it is paid in or remitted to Japan. Gifts and inheritances have their own rules. Simply receiving your own savings is different from receiving income. Because this is fact-specific, confirm with the NTA or a tax accountant rather than assuming it is tax-free.","url":"/en/questions#remit-overseas-income"},{"id":"faq:remit-multicurrency:en","entityId":"faq:remit-multicurrency","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I use a multi-currency account like Wise or Revolut?","plainText":"They are useful if you regularly deal in more than one currency — holding balances, spending abroad, or receiving foreign payments — because they cut FX markups and let you convert at good rates. They are not full replacements for a Japanese bank account (you still need one for salary, rent auto-pay, and many domestic services). Many residents use them alongside a local bank. Check current fees, limits, and deposit protection.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#remit-multicurrency","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Revolut","url":"https://www.revolut.com/ja-JP/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"remittance","text":"They are useful if you regularly deal in more than one currency — holding balances, spending abroad, or receiving foreign payments — because they cut FX markups and let you convert at good rates. They are not full replacements for a Japanese bank account (you still need one for salary, rent auto-pay, and many domestic services). Many residents use them alongside a local bank. Check current fees, limits, and deposit protection.","url":"/en/questions#remit-multicurrency"},{"id":"faq:points-which-ecosystem:en","entityId":"faq:points-which-ecosystem","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which point ecosystem should I choose in Japan?","plainText":"Pick the one that matches where you already spend and bank. If you shop on Rakuten and use Rakuten Bank/Card, the Rakuten ecosystem compounds; if you use docomo, d POINT fits; PayPay suits heavy code-payment and Yahoo/SoftBank users; V POINT ties to SMBC. Concentrating on one strong ecosystem beats spreading thin across several, because bonuses stack when your card, payments, and shopping align.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#points-which-ecosystem","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Pick the one that matches where you already spend and bank. If you shop on Rakuten and use Rakuten Bank/Card, the Rakuten ecosystem compounds; if you use docomo, d POINT fits; PayPay suits heavy code-payment and Yahoo/SoftBank users; V POINT ties to SMBC. Concentrating on one strong ecosystem beats spreading thin across several, because bonuses stack when your card, payments, and shopping align.","url":"/en/questions#points-which-ecosystem"},{"id":"faq:points-value:en","entityId":"faq:points-value","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How much is a point actually worth in Japan?","plainText":"Most major points (Rakuten, PayPay, d, V) are worth about ¥1 each when spent on everyday purchases, which makes them easy to value. Some points are worth more when converted to airline miles under the right redemption, and less when locked to a single store or close to expiry. As a rule, treat ¥1 as the baseline and be skeptical of “inflated” valuations that assume perfect redemption.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#points-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Most major points (Rakuten, PayPay, d, V) are worth about ¥1 each when spent on everyday purchases, which makes them easy to value. Some points are worth more when converted to airline miles under the right redemption, and less when locked to a single store or close to expiry. As a rule, treat ¥1 as the baseline and be skeptical of “inflated” valuations that assume perfect redemption.","url":"/en/questions#points-value"},{"id":"faq:points-expiry:en","entityId":"faq:points-expiry","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do points expire in Japan, and how do I avoid losing them?","plainText":"Many do. Some points expire a fixed period after earning; others (like campaign or “limited-time” points) expire much sooner than regular points. To avoid losing them, concentrate on one ecosystem so balances stay active, spend limited-time points quickly on everyday items, and check the expiry rules in the app. Do not spend more just to “use up” points — that defeats the purpose.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#points-expiry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Many do. Some points expire a fixed period after earning; others (like campaign or “limited-time” points) expire much sooner than regular points. To avoid losing them, concentrate on one ecosystem so balances stay active, spend limited-time points quickly on everyday items, and check the expiry rules in the app. Do not spend more just to “use up” points — that defeats the purpose.","url":"/en/questions#points-expiry"},{"id":"faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten:en","entityId":"faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PayPay or Rakuten — which is better for everyday spending?","plainText":"They suit different lives. PayPay is a QR-code payment app accepted at huge numbers of small shops and convenience stores, great for on-the-spot everyday spending and Yahoo/SoftBank users. Rakuten is a broader ecosystem (shopping, bank, card, mobile, securities) that rewards consolidating your spending online and across services. If your spending is mostly in-person and small, PayPay is convenient; if you buy online and want compounding across services, Rakuten tends to reward loyalty more.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#points-paypay-vs-rakuten","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"They suit different lives. PayPay is a QR-code payment app accepted at huge numbers of small shops and convenience stores, great for on-the-spot everyday spending and Yahoo/SoftBank users. Rakuten is a broader ecosystem (shopping, bank, card, mobile, securities) that rewards consolidating your spending online and across services. If your spending is mostly in-person and small, PayPay is convenient; if you buy online and want compounding across services, Rakuten tends to reward loyalty more.","url":"/en/questions#points-paypay-vs-rakuten"},{"id":"faq:crypto-registered:en","entityId":"faq:crypto-registered","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which crypto exchanges are legal to use in Japan?","plainText":"Only exchanges registered with the Financial Services Agency (FSA) and belonging to the JVCEA may legally serve residents of Japan — examples include bitFlyer, bitbank, and Coincheck. Using an unregistered offshore exchange means you lose Japanese legal and consumer protections and can complicate tax and withdrawals. Always confirm an exchange is on the FSA’s registered list before depositing funds.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#crypto-registered","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:crypto"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"JVCEA","url":"https://jvcea.or.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"crypto","text":"Only exchanges registered with the Financial Services Agency (FSA) and belonging to the JVCEA may legally serve residents of Japan — examples include bitFlyer, bitbank, and Coincheck. Using an unregistered offshore exchange means you lose Japanese legal and consumer protections and can complicate tax and withdrawals. Always confirm an exchange is on the FSA’s registered list before depositing funds.","url":"/en/questions#crypto-registered"},{"id":"faq:crypto-tax:en","entityId":"faq:crypto-tax","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How much tax do I pay on crypto profits in Japan?","plainText":"Crypto gains are miscellaneous income taxed at your marginal income-tax rate plus resident tax — combined this can reach roughly 55% at the top, far above the ~20% flat rate on listed stocks. There is no special low rate and, unlike stocks, no NISA shelter. Every disposal is taxable (selling to yen, crypto-to-crypto swaps, and paying with crypto), so you must calculate gains across all transactions. Keep thorough records and consider a tax accountant for active trading.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#crypto-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:crypto"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"crypto","text":"Crypto gains are miscellaneous income taxed at your marginal income-tax rate plus resident tax — combined this can reach roughly 55% at the top, far above the ~20% flat rate on listed stocks. There is no special low rate and, unlike stocks, no NISA shelter. Every disposal is taxable (selling to yen, crypto-to-crypto swaps, and paying with crypto), so you must calculate gains across all transactions. Keep thorough records and consider a tax accountant for active trading.","url":"/en/questions#crypto-tax"},{"id":"faq:crypto-record:en","entityId":"faq:crypto-record","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How do I keep crypto tax records in Japan?","plainText":"Record every transaction with date, type (buy/sell/swap/spend), amounts, the yen value at the time, and fees, because Japan taxes each disposal and you must compute cost basis (commonly the moving-average or total-average method). Exchange CSV exports plus crypto tax-calculation tools help consolidate activity across platforms. Good records are essential if you are ever asked to substantiate your filing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#crypto-record","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:crypto"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"crypto","text":"Record every transaction with date, type (buy/sell/swap/spend), amounts, the yen value at the time, and fees, because Japan taxes each disposal and you must compute cost basis (commonly the moving-average or total-average method). Exchange CSV exports plus crypto tax-calculation tools help consolidate activity across platforms. Good records are essential if you are ever asked to substantiate your filing.","url":"/en/questions#crypto-record"},{"id":"faq:crypto-fx-leverage:en","entityId":"faq:crypto-fx-leverage","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How does FX (margin) leverage work for retail traders in Japan?","plainText":"Domestic retail FX leverage is capped by regulation, commonly at 25x, which limits how large a position your deposit can control. Leverage amplifies both gains and losses, and sharp moves can trigger margin calls or losses beyond your deposit. FX is high-risk and unsuitable for money you cannot lose. Watch for unregulated offshore brokers offering much higher leverage — they remove your protections and are often used in scams.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#crypto-fx-leverage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:crypto"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"crypto","text":"Domestic retail FX leverage is capped by regulation, commonly at 25x, which limits how large a position your deposit can control. Leverage amplifies both gains and losses, and sharp moves can trigger margin calls or losses beyond your deposit. FX is high-risk and unsuitable for money you cannot lose. Watch for unregulated offshore brokers offering much higher leverage — they remove your protections and are often used in scams.","url":"/en/questions#crypto-fx-leverage"},{"id":"faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the difference between points and cashback in Japan?","plainText":"Points are a program-issued unit usable within specified stores, apps, or transfers, worth roughly ¥1 each on ordinary spending; cashback is money returned as a statement credit or cash-equivalent balance. Points can outperform through merchant bonuses or travel redemption but carry expiration, devaluation, and restricted use. Cashback is simpler and more certain. Value points at what you will realistically redeem, not the advertised maximum.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-points-vs-cashback","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Points are a program-issued unit usable within specified stores, apps, or transfers, worth roughly ¥1 each on ordinary spending; cashback is money returned as a statement credit or cash-equivalent balance. Points can outperform through merchant bonuses or travel redemption but carry expiration, devaluation, and restricted use. Cashback is simpler and more certain. Value points at what you will realistically redeem, not the advertised maximum.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-points-vs-cashback"},{"id":"faq:rewards-point-value:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-point-value","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is one point always worth ¥1?","plainText":"No. Most major points redeem near ¥1 when spent in-store or on the operator’s marketplace, but transferring to airline miles, merchandise, or another currency can yield well under ¥1. A store-locked balance like nanaco is less flexible even at the same nominal rate. Value each point at the redemption you will actually use.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-point-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"No. Most major points redeem near ¥1 when spent in-store or on the operator’s marketplace, but transferring to airline miles, merchandise, or another currency can yield well under ¥1. A store-locked balance like nanaco is less flexible even at the same nominal rate. Value each point at the redemption you will actually use.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-point-value"},{"id":"faq:rewards-limited-time:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-limited-time","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What are limited-time points?","plainText":"Limited-time points have a fixed, often short deadline and sometimes narrower redemption options than ordinary points. Rakuten, d POINT, and PayPay all distinguish some form of ordinary and limited-use rewards. Always check whether a headline bonus is ordinary or limited, spend limited-time points first, and set a reminder before they expire.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-limited-time","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Limited-time points have a fixed, often short deadline and sometimes narrower redemption options than ordinary points. Rakuten, d POINT, and PayPay all distinguish some form of ordinary and limited-use rewards. Always check whether a headline bonus is ordinary or limited, spend limited-time points first, and set a reminder before they expire.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-limited-time"},{"id":"faq:rewards-no-expiry:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-no-expiry","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which major points do not expire?","plainText":"Ordinary PayPay Points currently have no expiration, while PayPay limited-time points do. Among cards, Saison Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) also do not expire. Most other programs use a one- to two-year window or extend the balance with activity, so a program with no expiry reduces the risk of losing a slowly accumulating balance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-no-expiry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Ordinary PayPay Points currently have no expiration, while PayPay limited-time points do. Among cards, Saison Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) also do not expire. Most other programs use a one- to two-year window or extend the balance with activity, so a program with no expiry reduces the risk of losing a slowly accumulating balance.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-no-expiry"},{"id":"faq:rewards-overspend:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-overspend","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I spend more to earn points?","plainText":"No. A one-percent reward never justifies buying something unnecessary. A ¥10,000 purchase made only to earn 100 points is a ¥9,900 loss. Points are a discount on spending you would do anyway — treat them as a rebate on planned purchases, not a reason to buy more or to carry credit-card debt.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-overspend","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"No. A one-percent reward never justifies buying something unnecessary. A ¥10,000 purchase made only to earn 100 points is a ¥9,900 loss. Points are a discount on spending you would do anyway — treat them as a rebate on planned purchases, not a reason to buy more or to carry credit-card debt.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-overspend"},{"id":"faq:rewards-revolving:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-revolving","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is it worth using revolving credit to chase points?","plainText":"No. Japanese revolving-credit (リボ払い) interest is high and can overwhelm years of rewards, and missed or late payments harm your credit history. Point optimisation should always assume paying every card in full each month. No reward rate is worth the interest and credit-record risk of carrying a balance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-revolving","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"No. Japanese revolving-credit (リボ払い) interest is high and can overwhelm years of rewards, and missed or late payments harm your credit history. Point optimisation should always assume paying every card in full each month. No reward rate is worth the interest and credit-record risk of carrying a balance.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-revolving"},{"id":"faq:rewards-stacking:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-stacking","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I stack store points and card points?","plainText":"Frequently yes, when membership presentation and payment rewards are independently eligible. Scan the store loyalty card or app, then pay with a rewarding card or QR wallet. The key is that each layer must be eligible for the exact payment source — a wallet accepting a card as funding does not prove the charge earns points, and you must not add two rates that both include the same base.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-stacking","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Frequently yes, when membership presentation and payment rewards are independently eligible. Scan the store loyalty card or app, then pay with a rewarding card or QR wallet. The key is that each layer must be eligible for the exact payment source — a wallet accepting a card as funding does not prove the charge earns points, and you must not add two rates that both include the same base.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-stacking"},{"id":"faq:rewards-avoid-double-count:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-avoid-double-count","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How do I avoid double counting rewards?","plainText":"Determine whether each quoted bonus already includes the base rate and whether all layers can legitimately coexist. For example, do not add a base 0.5% on top of SMBC’s selected-store seven-percent route, which already includes it. Reject any stack where two rates both include the same base reward.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-avoid-double-count","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Determine whether each quoted bonus already includes the base rate and whether all layers can legitimately coexist. For example, do not add a base 0.5% on top of SMBC’s selected-store seven-percent route, which already includes it. Reject any stack where two rates both include the same base reward.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-avoid-double-count"},{"id":"faq:rewards-campaign-entry:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-campaign-entry","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do I need to enter Japanese point campaigns?","plainText":"Many require an entry or activation step, and in Japan completing the spending requirement without first entering can produce no bonus. Never assume automatic enrollment. Record the entry timestamp, spending window, eligible merchant, cap, and point type, and note that campaigns often issue limited-time or limited-use points rather than ordinary ones.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-campaign-entry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Many require an entry or activation step, and in Japan completing the spending requirement without first entering can produce no bonus. Never assume automatic enrollment. Record the entry timestamp, spending window, eligible merchant, cap, and point type, and note that campaigns often issue limited-time or limited-use points rather than ordinary ones.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-campaign-entry"},{"id":"faq:rewards-campaign-not-track:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-campaign-not-track","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why did my campaign bonus not track?","plainText":"Common reasons include no entry, the wrong funding source, the wrong merchant, the cap already reached, a refund, an app-cookie/tracking failure, or a delayed award date. Check the official campaign terms for the exact eligibility conditions, and remember that many awards are credited later rather than at the point of sale.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-campaign-not-track","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Common reasons include no entry, the wrong funding source, the wrong merchant, the cap already reached, a refund, an app-cookie/tracking failure, or a delayed award date. Check the official campaign terms for the exact eligibility conditions, and remember that many awards are credited later rather than at the point of sale.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-campaign-not-track"},{"id":"faq:rewards-rakuten-spu:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-rakuten-spu","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is Rakuten SPU?","plainText":"SPU (Super Point Up) is a group-service program that adds Rakuten Ichiba points when you use specified Rakuten services and meet monthly conditions. Several SPU and campaign components are limited-time points that expire faster and are usually non-transferable, so discount them when comparing the item’s final delivered price.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-rakuten-spu","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"SPU (Super Point Up) is a group-service program that adds Rakuten Ichiba points when you use specified Rakuten services and meet monthly conditions. Several SPU and campaign components are limited-time points that expire faster and are usually non-transferable, so discount them when comparing the item’s final delivered price.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-rakuten-spu"},{"id":"faq:rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten or Amazon Japan for points?","plainText":"Rakuten Ichiba earns Rakuten Points at a 1% base plus SPU and campaigns, so integrated Rakuten users can exceed a general card; Amazon Japan earns modest Amazon points, sometimes higher with a linked Mastercard. Compare the item’s delivered price after coupons, shipping, and realistically-valued points, and prefer the ecosystem you already concentrate in.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Rakuten Ichiba earns Rakuten Points at a 1% base plus SPU and campaigns, so integrated Rakuten users can exceed a general card; Amazon Japan earns modest Amazon points, sometimes higher with a linked Mastercard. Compare the item’s delivered price after coupons, shipping, and realistically-valued points, and prefer the ecosystem you already concentrate in.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon"},{"id":"faq:rewards-rakuten-pay-change:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-rakuten-pay-change","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Did Rakuten Pay change its rewards on March 1, 2026?","plainText":"The announced March 1, 2026 program change was postponed, not implemented, so any guide assuming it took effect is outdated. Verify the current terms in the app before relying on a rate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-rakuten-pay-change","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Payment","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"The announced March 1, 2026 program change was postponed, not implemented, so any guide assuming it took effect is outdated. Verify the current terms in the app before relying on a rate.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-rakuten-pay-change"},{"id":"faq:rewards-rakuten-pay-max:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-rakuten-pay-max","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is Rakuten Pay’s current maximum store return?","plainText":"Up to 2.5% at eligible point-card merchants when you present an eligible Rakuten Point Card and meet qualifying Rakuten Cash payment conditions. Without qualifying point-card presentation the maximum is lower, and the point-card rate varies by merchant.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-rakuten-pay-max","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Payment","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Up to 2.5% at eligible point-card merchants when you present an eligible Rakuten Point Card and meet qualifying Rakuten Cash payment conditions. Without qualifying point-card presentation the maximum is lower, and the point-card rate varies by merchant.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-rakuten-pay-max"},{"id":"faq:rewards-furusato-points:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-furusato-points","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does Rakuten Furusato Nozei still earn marketplace points?","plainText":"No. From October 1, 2025, portal-awarded shopping points, SPU, and shopping-marathon treatment were removed for Furusato Nozei donations. However, the card issuer may still award its ordinary payment reward where the transaction remains eligible.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-furusato-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://event.rakuten.co.jp/furusato/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"No. From October 1, 2025, portal-awarded shopping points, SPU, and shopping-marathon treatment were removed for Furusato Nozei donations. However, the card issuer may still award its ordinary payment reward where the transaction remains eligible.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-furusato-points"},{"id":"faq:rewards-dpoint-account:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-dpoint-account","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can non-docomo users join d POINT?","plainText":"Yes. A free d Account can be created by anyone as a private individual, even without a docomo mobile contract. App SMS authentication commonly requires a Japanese phone number, but a docomo line is not required to join or earn.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-dpoint-account","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Yes. A free d Account can be created by anyone as a private individual, even without a docomo mobile contract. App SMS authentication commonly requires a Japanese phone number, but a docomo line is not required to join or earn.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-dpoint-account"},{"id":"faq:rewards-dbarai-rate:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-dbarai-rate","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is d払い’s reward rate?","plainText":"About 0.5% d POINT on eligible transactions, rising to roughly 1% before store points when funded by an eligible d Card (0.5% payment plus 0.5% funding bonus). From September 1, 2026 the d Card funding bonus was scheduled to become limited-time/use points.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-dbarai-rate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"About 0.5% d POINT on eligible transactions, rising to roughly 1% before store points when funded by an eligible d Card (0.5% payment plus 0.5% funding bonus). From September 1, 2026 the d Card funding bonus was scheduled to become limited-time/use points.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-dbarai-rate"},{"id":"faq:rewards-dbarai-other-card:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-dbarai-other-card","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do other credit cards earn d払い points?","plainText":"No. The d払い wallet does not award its ordinary payment points for other-card funding under current rules. Only eligible d Card funding receives the funding bonus, so do not assume any linked card earns the wallet reward.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-dbarai-other-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"No. The d払い wallet does not award its ordinary payment points for other-card funding under current rules. Only eligible d Card funding receives the funding bonus, so do not assume any linked card earns the wallet reward.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-dbarai-other-card"},{"id":"faq:rewards-dpoint-dbarai:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-dpoint-dbarai","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I stack d POINT and d払い?","plainText":"Yes, at participating stores that support both layers: present the d POINT card for the merchant point and pay with d払い funded by an eligible d Card for roughly 1%. The merchant must participate in both layers, and other-card funding of d払い receives no ordinary points.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-dpoint-dbarai","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Yes, at participating stores that support both layers: present the d POINT card for the merchant point and pay with d払い funded by an eligible d Card for roughly 1%. The merchant must participate in both layers, and other-card funding of d払い receives no ordinary points.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-dpoint-dbarai"},{"id":"faq:rewards-dcard-gold-worth:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-dcard-gold-worth","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is d Card GOLD worth the fee?","plainText":"Mainly for high eligible docomo billing. Eligible docomo mobile and Docomo Hikari charges can earn ten-percent-equivalent rewards, and a rough break-even against a 1% card is about ¥122,223 of fully eligible annual pre-tax charges — but rounding, exclusions, and caps matter. Without docomo services it is usually less compelling.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-dcard-gold-worth","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Mainly for high eligible docomo billing. Eligible docomo mobile and Docomo Hikari charges can earn ten-percent-equivalent rewards, and a rough break-even against a 1% card is about ¥122,223 of fully eligible annual pre-tax charges — but rounding, exclusions, and caps matter. Without docomo services it is usually less compelling.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-dcard-gold-worth"},{"id":"faq:rewards-ponta-jal:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-ponta-jal","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can Ponta transfer to JAL miles?","plainText":"Yes, ordinarily at two Ponta points to one JAL mile, which makes Ponta a natural fit for JAL flyers. A standard Ponta balance generally expires after one year without an earning or use transaction, so keep it active.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-ponta-jal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Yes, ordinarily at two Ponta points to one JAL mile, which makes Ponta a natural fit for JAL flyers. A standard Ponta balance generally expires after one year without an earning or use transaction, so keep it active.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-ponta-jal"},{"id":"faq:rewards-paypay-vpoint:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-paypay-vpoint","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can PayPay Points become V Points?","plainText":"Yes, one-to-one from 100 points, once per day and up to 30,000 per month. However, the converted V balance has a fixed one-year validity, so exchange to solve an actual redemption need rather than merely moving points between apps.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-paypay-vpoint","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0402/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Yes, one-to-one from 100 points, once per day and up to 30,000 per month. However, the converted V balance has a fixed one-year validity, so exchange to solve an actual redemption need rather than merely moving points between apps.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-paypay-vpoint"},{"id":"faq:rewards-vpoint-waon:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-vpoint-waon","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can V Points transfer to WAON POINT?","plainText":"Yes, under current linkage and exchange rules, subject to account linkage. V Points also exchange one-to-one with PayPay Points. Check the current terms before exchanging, and prefer redeeming where the balance stays useful to you.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-vpoint-waon","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Yes, under current linkage and exchange rules, subject to account linkage. V Points also exchange one-to-one with PayPay Points. Check the current terms before exchanging, and prefer redeeming where the balance stays useful to you.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-vpoint-waon"},{"id":"faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"WAON or nanaco — what is the difference?","plainText":"WAON POINT is AEON’s loyalty currency (earned at AEON-group stores, ~two-year maximum life), while nanaco is Seven & i’s system (earned at Seven-Eleven and Ito-Yokado, points convert to nanaco e-money). Both distinguish the loyalty point from the stored-value electronic money of the same name, and both are largely closed-loop.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-waon-vs-nanaco","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"WAON POINT is AEON’s loyalty currency (earned at AEON-group stores, ~two-year maximum life), while nanaco is Seven & i’s system (earned at Seven-Eleven and Ito-Yokado, points convert to nanaco e-money). Both distinguish the loyalty point from the stored-value electronic money of the same name, and both are largely closed-loop.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-waon-vs-nanaco"},{"id":"faq:rewards-supermarket-best:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-supermarket-best","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the best rewards setup for supermarkets?","plainText":"Use WAON POINT at AEON-group stores; otherwise use the supermarket’s own program (nanaco at Ito-Yokado, LaCuCa at Life, TOKYU POINT at Tokyu Store). A store’s high-frequency member days and coupons often outweigh a small difference between general cards, so join the program of the store you actually visit weekly.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-supermarket-best","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Use WAON POINT at AEON-group stores; otherwise use the supermarket’s own program (nanaco at Ito-Yokado, LaCuCa at Life, TOKYU POINT at Tokyu Store). A store’s high-frequency member days and coupons often outweigh a small difference between general cards, so join the program of the store you actually visit weekly.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-supermarket-best"},{"id":"faq:rewards-seven-eleven-best:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-seven-eleven-best","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is best for Seven-Eleven shoppers?","plainText":"Compare nanaco/Seven benefits with the current eligible convenience-store card bonus (such as SMBC NL’s selected-store smartphone-touch route); the best payment can vary by purchase type. Scan the membership, apply coupons, then pay with the best eligible route.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-seven-eleven-best","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Compare nanaco/Seven benefits with the current eligible convenience-store card bonus (such as SMBC NL’s selected-store smartphone-touch route); the best payment can vary by purchase type. Scan the membership, apply coupons, then pay with the best eligible route.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-seven-eleven-best"},{"id":"faq:rewards-lawson-best:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-lawson-best","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is best for Lawson shoppers?","plainText":"Present Ponta or d POINT (Lawson participates in both), then pay with an eligible payment method. Where SMBC NL’s selected-store smartphone-touch route applies, it can reach 7% via the exact eligible path — but iD and physical-card touch are excluded.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-lawson-best","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Present Ponta or d POINT (Lawson participates in both), then pay with an eligible payment method. Where SMBC NL’s selected-store smartphone-touch route applies, it can reach 7% via the exact eligible path — but iD and physical-card touch are excluded.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-lawson-best"},{"id":"faq:rewards-familymart-best:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-familymart-best","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is best for FamilyMart shoppers?","plainText":"Use V Point membership (the former T-Point) and FamiPay offers, then the card route actually eligible for the purchase. FamiPay adds a cash-back layer, and a rewarding card or QR wallet earns the payment reward on top of the merchant point.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-familymart-best","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Use V Point membership (the former T-Point) and FamiPay offers, then the card route actually eligible for the purchase. FamiPay adds a cash-back layer, and a rewarding card or QR wallet earns the payment reward on top of the merchant point.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-familymart-best"},{"id":"faq:rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are electronics-store point rates comparable to cash discounts?","plainText":"Only after checking whether card payment lowers the point rate and whether another retailer has a lower cash price. Store-point rates can differ by product and payment method, so compare the final cash price, warranty, and points together — do not buy from a higher-priced store just for more points.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Only after checking whether card payment lowers the point rate and whether another retailer has a lower cash price. Store-point rates can differ by product and payment method, so compare the final cash price, warranty, and points together — do not buy from a higher-priced store just for more points.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points"},{"id":"faq:rewards-fuel-percentage:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-fuel-percentage","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How should I compare fuel discounts?","plainText":"Convert any yen-per-litre discount into an effective percentage at the current pump price, then compare it with a general 1% card. A nearby station usually matters more than a theoretically broader network, since the time and detour to a distant station can erase the reward.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-fuel-percentage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Convert any yen-per-litre discount into an effective percentage at the current pump price, then compare it with a general 1% card. A nearby station usually matters more than a theoretically broader network, since the time and detour to a distant station can erase the reward.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-fuel-percentage"},{"id":"faq:rewards-food-delivery-worth:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-food-delivery-worth","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are food-delivery points worth the markup?","plainText":"Not necessarily. Delivery menu markups, delivery fees, and service fees can easily exceed the points earned. Compare the menu price, delivery fee, service fee, and coupon value against ordering directly or picking up, and never let points justify a delivery you would not otherwise pay for.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-food-delivery-worth","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Not necessarily. Delivery menu markups, delivery fees, and service fees can easily exceed the points earned. Compare the menu price, delivery fee, service fee, and coupon value against ordering directly or picking up, and never let points justify a delivery you would not otherwise pay for.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-food-delivery-worth"},{"id":"faq:rewards-no-fee-cards:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which no-fee cards have a base near 1%?","plainText":"Rakuten Card, PayPay Card, d Card, au PAY Card, and JCB Card W are prominent no-annual-fee examples with an ordinary rate near one percent in their own point system. Choose by the redemption ecosystem you already use, not by the headline rate alone.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-no-fee-cards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Card Corporation","url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JCB","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcbcardw.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Rakuten Card, PayPay Card, d Card, au PAY Card, and JCB Card W are prominent no-annual-fee examples with an ordinary rate near one percent in their own point system. Choose by the redemption ecosystem you already use, not by the headline rate alone.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-no-fee-cards"},{"id":"faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is SMBC Numberless a 7% card everywhere?","plainText":"No. Seven percent applies only to specified convenience stores and restaurants and only via the exact eligible smartphone contactless (or eligible mobile ordering) route. Physical-card touch and iD are excluded, and because seven percent already includes the base, you must not add a separate 0.5%.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-smbc-7-percent","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/numberless.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"No. Seven percent applies only to specified convenience stores and restaurants and only via the exact eligible smartphone contactless (or eligible mobile ordering) route. Physical-card touch and iD are excluded, and because seven percent already includes the base, you must not add a separate 0.5%.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-smbc-7-percent"},{"id":"faq:rewards-id-vs-touch:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-id-vs-touch","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does iD qualify for SMBC’s selected-store 7%?","plainText":"No, the cited terms exclude iD from that route. iD and QUICPay are contactless rails with no independent point rate and are not interchangeable with Visa/Mastercard/JCB network touch for bonus categories. Always identify which credential is actually being charged before assuming a category bonus.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-id-vs-touch","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"No, the cited terms exclude iD from that route. iD and QUICPay are contactless rails with no independent point rate and are not interchangeable with Visa/Mastercard/JCB network touch for bonus categories. Always identify which credential is actually being charged before assuming a category bonus.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-id-vs-touch"},{"id":"faq:rewards-young-applicant-card:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-young-applicant-card","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a good no-fee card for young applicants?","plainText":"JCB Card W is a strong no-fee general card, but applications are generally limited to people aged 18–39; the no-fee status is retained after 39, so applying while eligible locks it in. Consider JCB’s narrower overseas acceptance if you travel.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-young-applicant-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JCB","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcbcardw.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"JCB Card W is a strong no-fee general card, but applications are generally limited to people aged 18–39; the no-fee status is retained after 39, so applying while eligible locks it in. Consider JCB’s narrower overseas acceptance if you travel.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-young-applicant-card"},{"id":"faq:rewards-premium-card-worth:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-premium-card-worth","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"When is a premium card worth the fee?","plainText":"Only when its recurring benefit exceeds its fee without a behaviour change. Value lounge count, insurance, hotel benefits, and family cards individually, and do not count lounges at retail walk-in price unless you would otherwise pay it. Never manufacture spending to reach a threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-premium-card-worth","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/gold-numberless.jsp","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Only when its recurring benefit exceeds its fee without a behaviour change. Value lounge count, insurance, hotel benefits, and family cards individually, and do not count lounges at retail walk-in price unless you would otherwise pay it. Never manufacture spending to reach a threshold.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-premium-card-worth"},{"id":"faq:rewards-permanent-points:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-permanent-points","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which card points do not expire?","plainText":"Saison Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) do not expire, which is notable among Japanese programs and helpful for slow accumulators. The Saison Gold American Express is free the first year and can waive the subsequent ¥11,000 fee with at least one annual card use under the cited offer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-permanent-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Saison Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) do not expire, which is notable among Japanese programs and helpful for slow accumulators. The Saison Gold American Express is free the first year and can waive the subsequent ¥11,000 fee with at least one annual card use under the cited offer.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-permanent-points"},{"id":"faq:rewards-au-gold-worth:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-au-gold-worth","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is the au PAY Gold Card worth the fee?","plainText":"Its high published rates (up to 5% on eligible au PAY auto-charging) are capped and conditional, so compare the autocharge bonus maximum directly with the ¥11,000 fee, plus any eligible mobile benefits. It is best for Ponta and au/UQ users who will actually hit the capped bonus.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-au-gold-worth","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Financial Service","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Its high published rates (up to 5% on eligible au PAY auto-charging) are capped and conditional, so compare the autocharge bonus maximum directly with the ¥11,000 fee, plus any eligible mobile benefits. It is best for Ponta and au/UQ users who will actually hit the capped bonus.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-au-gold-worth"},{"id":"faq:rewards-card-investing:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-card-investing","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is card-funded investing?","plainText":"A recurring fund purchase charged to an eligible card through a participating brokerage (SBI/V Points, Rakuten/Rakuten Points, eSmart/Ponta), subject to a monthly limit. Published maximum reward rates depend on card tier and annual-spend or service conditions and are not the ordinary rate for most users.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-card-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/creditmode/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Financial Service","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"A recurring fund purchase charged to an eligible card through a participating brokerage (SBI/V Points, Rakuten/Rakuten Points, eSmart/Ponta), subject to a monthly limit. Published maximum reward rates depend on card tier and annual-spend or service conditions and are not the ordinary rate for most users.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-card-investing"},{"id":"faq:rewards-card-investing-risk:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-card-investing-risk","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is card-funded investing risk-free yield?","plainText":"No. Points do not remove market risk, fund expense ratios, card fees, annual-spend requirements, or monthly caps. Choose the fund and platform on investment suitability and total cost first, and treat the reward as a secondary tie-breaker — never buy a higher-fee fund or premium card merely to earn more points.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-card-investing-risk","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/creditmode/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"No. Points do not remove market risk, fund expense ratios, card fees, annual-spend requirements, or monthly caps. Choose the fund and platform on investment suitability and total cost first, and treat the reward as a secondary tie-breaker — never buy a higher-fee fund or premium card merely to earn more points.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-card-investing-risk"},{"id":"faq:rewards-paypay-charge-points:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-paypay-charge-points","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does charging PayPay earn card points?","plainText":"Not automatically. ATM cash top-ups and excluded-card charges generally earn no reward; only specifically eligible routes qualify. A card being accepted as a funding source does not prove the issuer awards points for the funding transaction — verify each layer on the transaction date.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-paypay-charge-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Not automatically. ATM cash top-ups and excluded-card charges generally earn no reward; only specifically eligible routes qualify. A card being accepted as a funding source does not prove the issuer awards points for the funding transaction — verify each layer on the transaction date.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-paypay-charge-points"},{"id":"faq:rewards-paypay-points-step:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-paypay-points-step","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does paying with PayPay Points earn Step rewards?","plainText":"No, since June 2, 2026 the portion paid with PayPay Points is excluded from PayPay Step rewards, and PayPay Step now requires identity verification. Ordinary PayPay Points still do not expire, and points cannot be sent or withdrawn.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-paypay-points-step","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"No, since June 2, 2026 the portion paid with PayPay Points is excluded from PayPay Step rewards, and PayPay Step now requires identity verification. Ordinary PayPay Points still do not expire, and points cannot be sent or withdrawn.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-paypay-points-step"},{"id":"faq:rewards-aupay-withdraw:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-aupay-withdraw","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can au PAY balance be withdrawn?","plainText":"Eligible au PAY Money can be sent and withdrawn. Withdrawal to au Jibun Bank is free under current terms, while other banks generally cost ¥220 per withdrawal, with a ¥100,000 per-transaction maximum. Ponta points earned through au PAY are separate from withdrawable Money.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-aupay-withdraw","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"KDDI","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Eligible au PAY Money can be sent and withdrawn. Withdrawal to au Jibun Bank is free under current terms, while other banks generally cost ¥220 per withdrawal, with a ¥100,000 per-transaction maximum. Ponta points earned through au PAY are separate from withdrawable Money.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-aupay-withdraw"},{"id":"faq:rewards-merpay-send:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-merpay-send","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can Merpay balance be sent, and do sales proceeds expire?","plainText":"Verified Merpay balance can be sent under current limits, while promotional paid points generally cannot. Identity verification also removes the 180-day withdrawal/application deadline that otherwise applies to Mercari sales proceeds, so verifying is the key step for active sellers.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-merpay-send","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Merpay","url":"https://www.merpay.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Verified Merpay balance can be sent under current limits, while promotional paid points generally cannot. Identity verification also removes the 180-day withdrawal/application deadline that otherwise applies to Mercari sales proceeds, so verifying is the key step for active sellers.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-merpay-send"},{"id":"faq:rewards-apple-pay-points:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-apple-pay-points","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does Apple Pay change my card’s reward rate?","plainText":"Usually the underlying card credential controls rewards — Apple Pay itself does not create a universal extra reward. However, a merchant category may require a precise Apple Pay route (network touch vs iD vs QUICPay), so identify which rail is used before assuming a category bonus.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-apple-pay-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Apple","url":"https://support.apple.com/ja-jp/apple-pay","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Usually the underlying card credential controls rewards — Apple Pay itself does not create a universal extra reward. However, a merchant category may require a precise Apple Pay route (network touch vs iD vs QUICPay), so identify which rail is used before assuming a category bonus.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-apple-pay-points"},{"id":"faq:rewards-google-wallet-emoney:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-google-wallet-emoney","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which Japanese e-money does Google Wallet support?","plainText":"Official listings include Suica, PASMO, Rakuten Edy, WAON, and nanaco on eligible devices, with top-up rules differing by product, plus QUICPay, iD, and network contactless. A phone bought for another market may lack the required Japanese FeliCa hardware, so some products may not work.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-google-wallet-emoney","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Google","url":"https://support.google.com/wallet/answer/12058983","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Official listings include Suica, PASMO, Rakuten Edy, WAON, and nanaco on eligible devices, with top-up rules differing by product, plus QUICPay, iD, and network contactless. A phone bought for another market may lack the required Japanese FeliCa hardware, so some products may not work.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-google-wallet-emoney"},{"id":"faq:rewards-emoney-card-points:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-emoney-card-points","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can any card charge e-money and earn card points?","plainText":"No. Suica, WAON, or nanaco may accept the card while the issuer excludes the charge from rewards. Only specifically eligible funding routes earn card points, so never assume an arbitrary card-to-e-money charge earns points — verify the route.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-emoney-card-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"No. Suica, WAON, or nanaco may accept the card while the issuer excludes the charge from rewards. Only specifically eligible funding routes earn card points, so never assume an arbitrary card-to-e-money charge earns points — verify the route.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-emoney-card-points"},{"id":"faq:rewards-suica-register:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-suica-register","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Must I register Suica to earn JRE POINT?","plainText":"Yes, the Suica must be linked to a JRE POINT account to earn ride points; unregistered rides and cash earn nothing. Register before travelling, and note that not every Suica transaction is a qualifying JR East ride.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-suica-register","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Yes, the Suica must be linked to a JRE POINT account to earn ride points; unregistered rides and cash earn nothing. Register before travelling, and note that not every Suica transaction is a qualifying JR East ride.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-suica-register"},{"id":"faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the Mobile Suica JR East ride rate?","plainText":"Registered Mobile Suica earns one JRE POINT per ¥50 on eligible JR East rides (2%), while registered physical Suica earns one per ¥200 (0.5%). Charging with a View card adds 1.5%, so a View-funded registered Mobile Suica stacks a nominal 3.5% on eligible travel.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-suica-ride-rate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Registered Mobile Suica earns one JRE POINT per ¥50 on eligible JR East rides (2%), while registered physical Suica earns one per ¥200 (0.5%). Charging with a View card adds 1.5%, so a View-funded registered Mobile Suica stacks a nominal 3.5% on eligible travel.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-suica-ride-rate"},{"id":"faq:rewards-view-card-worth:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-view-card-worth","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is a View card worth it for occasional riders?","plainText":"Only when the incremental Suica and JR East rewards exceed the ¥524 annual fee and complexity. Against a 0.5% free card, you need roughly ¥52,400 of annual 1.5%-eligible Suica charging to recover the fee from the extra one percentage point alone — so it suits frequent JR East commuters.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-view-card-worth","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Only when the incremental Suica and JR East rewards exceed the ¥524 annual fee and complexity. Against a 0.5% free card, you need roughly ¥52,400 of annual 1.5%-eligible Suica charging to recover the fee from the extra one percentage point alone — so it suits frequent JR East commuters.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-view-card-worth"},{"id":"faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which is better, ANA or JAL?","plainText":"The airline with better routes, award seats, and alliance partners for your real travel. ANA is Star Alliance; JAL is oneworld. Both miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, and both revised award pricing in 2026, so neither is universally better and a fixed per-mile value is not a fact.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-ana-vs-jal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"The airline with better routes, award seats, and alliance partners for your real travel. ANA is Star Alliance; JAL is oneworld. Both miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, and both revised award pricing in 2026, so neither is universally better and a fixed per-mile value is not a fact.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-ana-vs-jal"},{"id":"faq:rewards-ana-expiry:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-ana-expiry","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How long do ANA miles last?","plainText":"ANA miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, so a slowly accumulating balance needs occasional use. ANA also revised its domestic award rules effective May 19, 2026, so older award charts are unsafe.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-ana-expiry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"ANA miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual, so a slowly accumulating balance needs occasional use. ANA also revised its domestic award rules effective May 19, 2026, so older award charts are unsafe.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-ana-expiry"},{"id":"faq:rewards-jal-expiry:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-jal-expiry","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How long do JAL miles last?","plainText":"JAL miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual. JAL domestic awards use base pricing plus JMB PLUS, and tickets issued from October 1, 2026 were subject to announced revisions, so verify current award pricing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-jal-expiry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"JAL miles generally expire at the end of the 36th month after accrual. JAL domestic awards use base pricing plus JMB PLUS, and tickets issued from October 1, 2026 were subject to announced revisions, so verify current award pricing.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-jal-expiry"},{"id":"faq:rewards-jal-plus:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-jal-plus","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What are JAL PLUS (JMB PLUS) awards?","plainText":"JMB PLUS is a mechanism that raises the required miles above the base price when lower-priced award inventory is unavailable, so the same route can cost more miles at busy times. Value awards against a fare you would actually buy, minus taxes and surcharges.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-jal-plus","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"JMB PLUS is a mechanism that raises the required miles above the base price when lower-priced award inventory is unavailable, so the same route can cost more miles at busy times. Value awards against a fare you would actually buy, minus taxes and surcharges.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-jal-plus"},{"id":"faq:rewards-mile-value:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-mile-value","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How do I calculate the value of a mile?","plainText":"Mile value = (comparable cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) ÷ miles used. Use the fare you would really buy, not an inflated flexible fare, and remember taxes and surcharges remain on award tickets. Direct conversion often yields under ¥0.5 per point unless the award is genuinely high-value.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-mile-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Mile value = (comparable cash fare − award taxes/fees − benefits forgone) ÷ miles used. Use the fare you would really buy, not an inflated flexible fare, and remember taxes and surcharges remain on award tickets. Direct conversion often yields under ¥0.5 per point unless the award is genuinely high-value.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-mile-value"},{"id":"faq:rewards-transfer-miles:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-transfer-miles","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I transfer points to airline miles?","plainText":"Only when you have a realistic high-value award, the ratio is acceptable, and the destination gives longer or more useful validity. Direct mile conversion often yields under ¥0.5 per point, so transfer to solve a specific redemption you will use — not speculatively.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-transfer-miles","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true},{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Only when you have a realistic high-value award, the ratio is acceptable, and the destination gives longer or more useful validity. Direct mile conversion often yields under ¥0.5 per point, so transfer to solve a specific redemption you will use — not speculatively.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-transfer-miles"},{"id":"faq:rewards-minimum-redemption:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-minimum-redemption","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are there minimums for redeeming or transferring points?","plainText":"Yes, many programs redeem only in fixed increments and transfers have minimums — for example, nanaco converts to ANA miles at 500 points for 250 miles, and PayPay↔V Point exchange starts at 100 points. Small minimums reduce the risk of stranded balances.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-minimum-redemption","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0402/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Yes, many programs redeem only in fixed increments and transfers have minimums — for example, nanaco converts to ANA miles at 500 points for 250 miles, and PayPay↔V Point exchange starts at 100 points. Small minimums reduce the risk of stranded balances.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-minimum-redemption"},{"id":"faq:rewards-marriott-expiry:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-marriott-expiry","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"When do Marriott Bonvoy points expire?","plainText":"Generally after 24 months without qualifying activity, so occasional account activity keeps them alive. Marriott ordinarily awards about ten base points per eligible US dollar at most brands, but buying an unnecessary stay merely to extend points is rarely efficient.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-marriott-expiry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Marriott International","url":"https://www.marriott.com/loyalty.mi","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Generally after 24 months without qualifying activity, so occasional account activity keeps them alive. Marriott ordinarily awards about ten base points per eligible US dollar at most brands, but buying an unnecessary stay merely to extend points is rarely efficient.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-marriott-expiry"},{"id":"faq:rewards-one-harmony:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-one-harmony","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is One Harmony best for?","plainText":"Repeat stays at Okura, Nikko, and Hotel JAL City properties in Japan and participating locations. It is free to join, offers tier status, and generally extends points two years after qualifying activity, so it can be more practical than an international program for travelers who repeatedly use its Japanese portfolio.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-one-harmony","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Okura Nikko Hotels","url":"https://www.oneharmony.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Repeat stays at Okura, Nikko, and Hotel JAL City properties in Japan and participating locations. It is free to join, offers tier status, and generally extends points two years after qualifying activity, so it can be more practical than an international program for travelers who repeatedly use its Japanese portfolio.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-one-harmony"},{"id":"faq:rewards-beginner-program:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-beginner-program","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which point program should a beginner choose?","plainText":"Choose the ecosystem covering the stores, carrier, or marketplace you already use most — Rakuten, PayPay, d POINT, Ponta, and V Points are the principal general candidates. Begin with one primary program and add a specialist transit or supermarket program only when it creates measurable value.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-beginner-program","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Choose the ecosystem covering the stores, carrier, or marketplace you already use most — Rakuten, PayPay, d POINT, Ponta, and V Points are the principal general candidates. Begin with one primary program and add a specialist transit or supermarket program only when it creates measurable value.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-beginner-program"},{"id":"faq:rewards-foreign-join:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-foreign-join","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can foreign residents join Japanese point programs?","plainText":"Generally yes when they can create the required domestic account and satisfy the program’s terms; nationality is usually less important than residence and account verification. Free loyalty membership is easier than credit-card underwriting, so join point programs first while building financial history.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-foreign-join","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Generally yes when they can create the required domestic account and satisfy the program’s terms; nationality is usually less important than residence and account verification. Free loyalty membership is easier than credit-card underwriting, so join point programs first while building financial history.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-foreign-join"},{"id":"faq:rewards-foreign-first-card:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-foreign-first-card","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a good first credit card for foreign residents?","plainText":"The Rakuten Card (partial English information) and the Epos Card (easy to get, often cited as accessible) are commonly accessible first cards. Establish a bank account, phone, address record, and payment history first, then apply for one card at a time; keep your name spelling consistent everywhere.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-foreign-first-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Marui / Epos","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"The Rakuten Card (partial English information) and the Epos Card (easy to get, often cited as accessible) are commonly accessible first cards. Establish a bank account, phone, address record, and payment history first, then apply for one card at a time; keep your name spelling consistent everywhere.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-foreign-first-card"},{"id":"faq:rewards-foreign-card-tourist:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-foreign-card-tourist","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can a tourist get a Japanese rewards credit card?","plainText":"Ordinarily no; major cards generally require residence in Japan, a domestic address, a reachable phone, a bank account, and domestic underwriting. A visitor can sometimes use limited supported routes in QR apps, but registration, 3-D Secure, and reward restrictions make foreign cards unreliable for points.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-foreign-card-tourist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Ordinarily no; major cards generally require residence in Japan, a domestic address, a reachable phone, a bank account, and domestic underwriting. A visitor can sometimes use limited supported routes in QR apps, but registration, 3-D Secure, and reward restrictions make foreign cards unreliable for points.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-foreign-card-tourist"},{"id":"faq:rewards-family-pooling:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-family-pooling","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can families pool points and airline miles?","plainText":"Some programs allow designated relatives to share or use points, and airlines like ANA provide specified family award arrangements — but rules differ by program, and family-card purchases only count toward a threshold when the specific terms say so. Verify before assuming aggregation.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-family-pooling","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Some programs allow designated relatives to share or use points, and airlines like ANA provide specified family award arrangements — but rules differ by program, and family-card purchases only count toward a threshold when the specific terms say so. Verify before assuming aggregation.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-family-pooling"},{"id":"faq:rewards-best-qr-app:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-best-qr-app","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which QR-payment app is best?","plainText":"PayPay for the broadest coverage and no ordinary-point expiry, Rakuten Pay for Rakuten integration, d払い for docomo/d POINT, au PAY for Ponta/au, and Merpay for active Mercari users. Choose by the ecosystem you already use rather than the headline rate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-best-qr-app","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Payment","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true},{"publisher":"KDDI","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"PayPay for the broadest coverage and no ordinary-point expiry, Rakuten Pay for Rakuten integration, d払い for docomo/d POINT, au PAY for Ponta/au, and Merpay for active Mercari users. Choose by the ecosystem you already use rather than the headline rate.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-best-qr-app"},{"id":"faq:rewards-break-even:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-break-even","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How do I calculate a card’s annual-fee break-even?","plainText":"Break-even spending = (annual fee − fixed benefits actually used) ÷ premium incremental rate. Do not count lounges at retail walk-in price unless you would otherwise pay it, and never manufacture spending to reach a threshold. A fee is only worth paying for benefits you genuinely use.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-break-even","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/gold-numberless.jsp","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Break-even spending = (annual fee − fixed benefits actually used) ÷ premium incremental rate. Do not count lounges at retail walk-in price unless you would otherwise pay it, and never manufacture spending to reach a threshold. A fee is only worth paying for benefits you genuinely use.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-break-even"},{"id":"faq:rewards-sources:en","entityId":"faq:rewards-sources","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How are the rewards facts on this site verified?","plainText":"Every factual rate, fee, expiry, and eligibility claim cites an official first-party source — the issuer, program, airline, or the National Tax Agency — with a verification date. A search snippet is never used as evidence, uncertain values are shown as unknown rather than guessed, and superseded strategies are archived with their change dates.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#rewards-sources","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/law/shitsugi/shotoku/02/37.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Every factual rate, fee, expiry, and eligibility claim cites an official first-party source — the issuer, program, airline, or the National Tax Agency — with a verification date. A search snippet is never used as evidence, uncertain values are shown as unknown rather than guessed, and superseded strategies are archived with their change dates.","url":"/en/questions#rewards-sources"},{"id":"faq:loan-buy-foreigner:en","entityId":"faq:loan-buy-foreigner","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can a foreigner buy property in Japan?","plainText":"Generally yes. Ownership eligibility and mortgage eligibility are separate questions — owning is broadly open regardless of nationality, while financing is the real hurdle.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-buy-foreigner","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Generally yes. Ownership eligibility and mortgage eligibility are separate questions — owning is broadly open regardless of nationality, while financing is the real hurdle.","url":"/en/questions#loan-buy-foreigner"},{"id":"faq:loan-pr-mandatory:en","entityId":"faq:loan-pr-mandatory","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is permanent residence mandatory for a mortgage?","plainText":"Not universally. Some specialist lenders (PRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, Suruga Bank) accept qualifying non-PR residents, and Flat 35 does not always require PR.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-pr-mandatory","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Not universally. Some specialist lenders (PRESTIA, Tokyo Star Bank, Suruga Bank) accept qualifying non-PR residents, and Flat 35 does not always require PR.","url":"/en/questions#loan-pr-mandatory"},{"id":"faq:loan-pr-still-helpful:en","entityId":"faq:loan-pr-still-helpful","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is PR still helpful for a mortgage?","plainText":"Yes. Permanent residence materially broadens ordinary bank options and usually improves terms, even though it is not universally required.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-pr-still-helpful","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Yes. Permanent residence materially broadens ordinary bank options and usually improves terms, even though it is not universally required.","url":"/en/questions#loan-pr-still-helpful"},{"id":"faq:loan-japanese-spouse:en","entityId":"faq:loan-japanese-spouse","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does a Japanese spouse guarantee mortgage approval?","plainText":"No. A Japanese spouse or guarantor may broaden eligibility with some banks, but it does not replace the credit and affordability review.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-japanese-spouse","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No. A Japanese spouse or guarantor may broaden eligibility with some banks, but it does not replace the credit and affordability review.","url":"/en/questions#loan-japanese-spouse"},{"id":"faq:loan-english-support:en","entityId":"faq:loan-english-support","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which bank has English mortgage support?","plainText":"PRESTIA (SMBC Trust Bank) expressly advertises comprehensive English support. Confirm whether \"English page,\" interpreter, and full English contracting are all provided.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-english-support","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"PRESTIA (SMBC Trust Bank) expressly advertises comprehensive English support. Confirm whether \"English page,\" interpreter, and full English contracting are all provided.","url":"/en/questions#loan-english-support"},{"id":"faq:loan-japanese-language:en","entityId":"faq:loan-japanese-language","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do I need Japanese-language ability?","plainText":"Many lenders require contractual understanding in Japanese; some offer English support. Confirm the language help at each stage before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-japanese-language","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Many lenders require contractual understanding in Japanese; some offer English support. Confirm the language help at each stage before applying.","url":"/en/questions#loan-japanese-language"},{"id":"faq:loan-no-japanese-guarantor:en","entityId":"faq:loan-no-japanese-guarantor","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I borrow without a Japanese guarantor?","plainText":"Some products require no personal guarantor, but collateral, a guarantee company, insurance, and underwriting still apply.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-no-japanese-guarantor","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Some products require no personal guarantor, but collateral, a guarantee company, insurance, and underwriting still apply.","url":"/en/questions#loan-no-japanese-guarantor"},{"id":"faq:loan-overseas-income:en","entityId":"faq:loan-overseas-income","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does overseas income count for a mortgage?","plainText":"Sometimes, but currency, tax, continuity, and document issues can reduce how much a lender recognizes.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-overseas-income","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Sometimes, but currency, tax, continuity, and document issues can reduce how much a lender recognizes.","url":"/en/questions#loan-overseas-income"},{"id":"faq:loan-bonus-income:en","entityId":"faq:loan-bonus-income","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does bonus income count for affordability?","plainText":"Lenders may count it, but households should not rely on uncertain bonuses — a base-salary-only budget is safer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-bonus-income","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Lenders may count it, but households should not rely on uncertain bonuses — a base-salary-only budget is safer.","url":"/en/questions#loan-bonus-income"},{"id":"faq:loan-income-documents:en","entityId":"faq:loan-income-documents","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What income documents are required?","plainText":"Commonly withholding slips, tax certificates, employment evidence, and bank statements; the self-employed provide multiple years of tax returns.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-income-documents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Commonly withholding slips, tax certificates, employment evidence, and bank statements; the self-employed provide multiple years of tax returns.","url":"/en/questions#loan-income-documents"},{"id":"faq:loan-years-income-history:en","entityId":"faq:loan-years-income-history","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How many years of income history are needed?","plainText":"It is lender-specific; self-employed and variable-income applicants usually need more history.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-years-income-history","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"It is lender-specific; self-employed and variable-income applicants usually need more history.","url":"/en/questions#loan-years-income-history"},{"id":"faq:loan-job-changer:en","entityId":"faq:loan-job-changer","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can a recent job changer get a mortgage?","plainText":"Possibly, but approval may be harder or require explanation; some lenders prefer a full year at the new employer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-job-changer","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Possibly, but approval may be harder or require explanation; some lenders prefer a full year at the new employer.","url":"/en/questions#loan-job-changer"},{"id":"faq:loan-probationary:en","entityId":"faq:loan-probationary","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can a probationary employee qualify?","plainText":"Some lenders decline or postpone; others review case by case.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-probationary","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Some lenders decline or postpone; others review case by case.","url":"/en/questions#loan-probationary"},{"id":"faq:loan-contract-employee:en","entityId":"faq:loan-contract-employee","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can a contract employee qualify?","plainText":"Yes with some lenders, but stability and history matter more than for permanent staff.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-contract-employee","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Yes with some lenders, but stability and history matter more than for permanent staff.","url":"/en/questions#loan-contract-employee"},{"id":"faq:loan-sole-proprietor:en","entityId":"faq:loan-sole-proprietor","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can a sole proprietor qualify for a mortgage?","plainText":"Yes, usually with multiple tax returns and a conservative, sometimes normalized, income assessment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-sole-proprietor","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Yes, usually with multiple tax returns and a conservative, sometimes normalized, income assessment.","url":"/en/questions#loan-sole-proprietor"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-principal:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-principal","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is principal?","plainText":"The outstanding amount borrowed, before interest and fees.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-principal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"The outstanding amount borrowed, before interest and fees.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-principal"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-interest:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-interest","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is interest?","plainText":"The charge for borrowing, calculated on the outstanding principal at a nominal annual rate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-interest","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"The charge for borrowing, calculated on the outstanding principal at a nominal annual rate.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-interest"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-apr:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-apr","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is APR?","plainText":"An annualized all-in borrowing-cost concept. Japanese mortgage comparisons often require calculating it manually from the rate plus fees.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-apr","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"An annualized all-in borrowing-cost concept. Japanese mortgage comparisons often require calculating it manually from the rate plus fees.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-apr"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-base-rate:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-base-rate","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a base rate?","plainText":"The lender’s reference rate before any discount.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-base-rate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"The lender’s reference rate before any discount.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-base-rate"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-preferential:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-preferential","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a preferential rate?","plainText":"The base rate minus an approved discount margin.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-preferential","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"The base rate minus an approved discount margin.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-preferential"},{"id":"faq:loan-discount-disappear:en","entityId":"faq:loan-discount-disappear","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can the discount margin disappear?","plainText":"It can under certain contract conditions. Confirm whether the discount margin is permanent for the term.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-discount-disappear","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"It can under certain contract conditions. Confirm whether the discount margin is permanent for the term.","url":"/en/questions#loan-discount-disappear"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-fixed:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-fixed","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a fixed rate?","plainText":"A rate fixed for a defined period or the entire loan.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-fixed","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A rate fixed for a defined period or the entire loan.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-fixed"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-variable:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-variable","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a variable rate?","plainText":"A rate that can change under the loan’s review rules, commonly reviewed twice a year.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-variable","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A rate that can change under the loan’s review rules, commonly reviewed twice a year.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-variable"},{"id":"faq:loan-variable-change-frequency:en","entityId":"faq:loan-variable-change-frequency","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How often can variable rates change?","plainText":"Commonly twice yearly, but contracts differ — read the agreement.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-variable-change-frequency","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Commonly twice yearly, but contracts differ — read the agreement.","url":"/en/questions#loan-variable-change-frequency"},{"id":"faq:loan-five-year-rule:en","entityId":"faq:loan-five-year-rule","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the five-year rule?","plainText":"A payment-review convention used by some loans that recalculates the payment only every five years. It is not a rate cap.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-five-year-rule","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A payment-review convention used by some loans that recalculates the payment only every five years. It is not a rate cap.","url":"/en/questions#loan-five-year-rule"},{"id":"faq:loan-125-rule:en","entityId":"faq:loan-125-rule","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the 125% rule?","plainText":"A convention limiting a payment increase to 125% at review. It does not eliminate accrued interest.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-125-rule","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A convention limiting a payment increase to 125% at review. It does not eliminate accrued interest.","url":"/en/questions#loan-125-rule"},{"id":"faq:loan-all-variable-rules:en","entityId":"faq:loan-all-variable-rules","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do all variable mortgages use the five-year/125% rules?","plainText":"No. Some lenders do not use them — check the actual agreement.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-all-variable-rules","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No. Some lenders do not use them — check the actual agreement.","url":"/en/questions#loan-all-variable-rules"},{"id":"faq:loan-unpaid-interest:en","entityId":"faq:loan-unpaid-interest","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can unpaid interest occur?","plainText":"Yes, under some payment-limiting structures, when interest exceeds the scheduled payment it can accumulate as unpaid interest.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-unpaid-interest","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Yes, under some payment-limiting structures, when interest exceeds the scheduled payment it can accumulate as unpaid interest.","url":"/en/questions#loan-unpaid-interest"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-amortization:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-amortization","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is amortization?","plainText":"The scheduled reduction of principal through payments; early payments on a level-payment loan are mostly interest.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-amortization","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"The scheduled reduction of principal through payments; early payments on a level-payment loan are mostly interest.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-amortization"},{"id":"faq:loan-level-principal-interest:en","entityId":"faq:loan-level-principal-interest","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is level principal-and-interest repayment?","plainText":"A structure aiming for a level scheduled payment, subject to rate resets; total interest is higher than level principal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-level-principal-interest","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A structure aiming for a level scheduled payment, subject to rate resets; total interest is higher than level principal.","url":"/en/questions#loan-level-principal-interest"},{"id":"faq:loan-level-principal:en","entityId":"faq:loan-level-principal","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is level-principal repayment?","plainText":"Equal principal each month with declining total payments; it saves total interest but starts higher, and not every lender offers it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-level-principal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Equal principal each month with declining total payments; it saves total interest but starts higher, and not every lender offers it.","url":"/en/questions#loan-level-principal"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-collateral:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-collateral","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is collateral?","plainText":"Property pledged to secure repayment; a mortgage lender registers a first-ranking mortgage over it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-collateral","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Property pledged to secure repayment; a mortgage lender registers a first-ranking mortgage over it.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-collateral"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-mortgage-registration:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-mortgage-registration","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a mortgage registration?","plainText":"The lender’s registered security right over the property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-mortgage-registration","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"The lender’s registered security right over the property.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-mortgage-registration"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-guarantee-company:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-guarantee-company","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a guarantee company?","plainText":"An entity that pays the lender after qualifying default and then pursues the borrower for the amount.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-guarantee-company","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"An entity that pays the lender after qualifying default and then pursues the borrower for the amount.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-guarantee-company"},{"id":"faq:loan-guarantee-erase-debt:en","entityId":"faq:loan-guarantee-erase-debt","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does guarantee performance erase my debt?","plainText":"No. The claim generally transfers to the guarantee company, which then pursues you.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-guarantee-erase-debt","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No. The claim generally transfers to the guarantee company, which then pursues you.","url":"/en/questions#loan-guarantee-erase-debt"},{"id":"faq:loan-total-cost:en","entityId":"faq:loan-total-cost","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the total cost of borrowing?","plainText":"Interest plus origination or guarantee fees, insurance, registration, appraisal, account conditions, and early-repayment costs over your holding period.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-total-cost","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Interest plus origination or guarantee fees, insurance, registration, appraisal, account conditions, and early-repayment costs over your holding period.","url":"/en/questions#loan-total-cost"},{"id":"faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured:en","entityId":"faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the difference between secured and unsecured loans?","plainText":"Secured loans pledge collateral for lower rates and longer terms but risk the asset; unsecured loans cost much more and are unsuitable for long-lived assets.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-secured-vs-unsecured","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Secured loans pledge collateral for lower rates and longer terms but risk the asset; unsecured loans cost much more and are unsuitable for long-lived assets.","url":"/en/questions#loan-secured-vs-unsecured"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-preapproval:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-preapproval","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is preapproval?","plainText":"Preliminary screening on stated information — not a final promise to lend.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-preapproval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Preliminary screening on stated information — not a final promise to lend.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-preapproval"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-final-approval:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-final-approval","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is final approval?","plainText":"Full borrower and property underwriting after detailed documents and checks.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-final-approval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Full borrower and property underwriting after detailed documents and checks.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-final-approval"},{"id":"faq:loan-approval-fail:en","entityId":"faq:loan-approval-fail","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can final approval fail after preapproval?","plainText":"Yes — if documents differ, the appraisal is weak, insurance is unavailable, employment changes, new debt appears, or the property is ineligible.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-approval-fail","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Yes — if documents differ, the appraisal is weak, insurance is unavailable, employment changes, new debt appears, or the property is ineligible.","url":"/en/questions#loan-approval-fail"},{"id":"faq:loan-preapproval-valid:en","entityId":"faq:loan-preapproval-valid","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How long is preapproval valid?","plainText":"Lender-specific and usually time-limited — confirm the validity period.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-preapproval-valid","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Lender-specific and usually time-limited — confirm the validity period.","url":"/en/questions#loan-preapproval-valid"},{"id":"faq:loan-preapproval-final:en","entityId":"faq:loan-preapproval-final","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the difference between preapproval and final approval?","plainText":"Preapproval screens stated information; final approval fully underwrites you and the property and can still fail.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-preapproval-final","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Preapproval screens stated information; final approval fully underwrites you and the property and can still fail.","url":"/en/questions#loan-preapproval-final"},{"id":"faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval:en","entityId":"faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I make an offer before preapproval?","plainText":"It is safer to have preapproval first, so you know the price is financeable.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-offer-before-preapproval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"It is safer to have preapproval first, so you know the price is financeable.","url":"/en/questions#loan-offer-before-preapproval"},{"id":"faq:loan-change-jobs:en","entityId":"faq:loan-change-jobs","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I change jobs after preapproval?","plainText":"Avoid material changes until closing unless disclosed and accepted; a change can undo an approval.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-change-jobs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Avoid material changes until closing unless disclosed and accepted; a change can undo an approval.","url":"/en/questions#loan-change-jobs"},{"id":"faq:loan-check-own-credit:en","entityId":"faq:loan-check-own-credit","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I check my own credit before applying?","plainText":"Yes, if there is any uncertainty about late payments, identity matching, or old accounts.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-check-own-credit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Yes, if there is any uncertainty about late payments, identity matching, or old accounts.","url":"/en/questions#loan-check-own-credit"},{"id":"faq:loan-multiple-applications:en","entityId":"faq:loan-multiple-applications","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can multiple applications affect credit records?","plainText":"Yes. Application inquiries are recorded for a period, including six months at CIC.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-multiple-applications","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Yes. Application inquiries are recorded for a period, including six months at CIC.","url":"/en/questions#loan-multiple-applications"},{"id":"faq:loan-serious-records-remain:en","entityId":"faq:loan-serious-records-remain","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How long do serious credit records remain?","plainText":"Commonly during the contract and up to five years after termination, depending on the organization and event.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-serious-records-remain","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"CIC","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JICC","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Commonly during the contract and up to five years after termination, depending on the organization and event.","url":"/en/questions#loan-serious-records-remain"},{"id":"faq:loan-after-decline:en","entityId":"faq:loan-after-decline","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What should I do after a decline?","plainText":"Check credit records, documents, debt-to-income, property eligibility, and lender fit before reapplying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-after-decline","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Check credit records, documents, debt-to-income, property eligibility, and lender fit before reapplying.","url":"/en/questions#loan-after-decline"},{"id":"faq:loan-late-payment:en","entityId":"faq:loan-late-payment","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens if a loan payment is late?","plainText":"Late-payment charges accrue, but the bigger risk is credit-record damage, acceleration, guarantee performance, and foreclosure.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-late-payment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Late-payment charges accrue, but the bigger risk is credit-record damage, acceleration, guarantee performance, and foreclosure.","url":"/en/questions#loan-late-payment"},{"id":"faq:loan-how-much-down:en","entityId":"faq:loan-how-much-down","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How much down payment is required?","plainText":"It varies from little or none to 20% or more; a lower LTV often improves pricing and approval.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-how-much-down","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"It varies from little or none to 20% or more; a lower LTV often improves pricing and approval.","url":"/en/questions#loan-how-much-down"},{"id":"faq:loan-zero-down-safe:en","entityId":"faq:loan-zero-down-safe","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is zero-down financing safe?","plainText":"It can leave you with negative equity and no cash for fees or repairs if the value dips.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-zero-down-safe","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"It can leave you with negative equity and no cash for fees or repairs if the value dips.","url":"/en/questions#loan-zero-down-safe"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-ltv:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-ltv","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is loan-to-value (LTV)?","plainText":"The loan divided by the lender-recognized property value or price.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-ltv","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"The loan divided by the lender-recognized property value or price.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-ltv"},{"id":"faq:loan-ltv-over-100:en","entityId":"faq:loan-ltv-over-100","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why can LTV exceed 100%?","plainText":"Some loans include transaction costs, which raises leverage and risk.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-ltv-over-100","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Some loans include transaction costs, which raises leverage and risk.","url":"/en/questions#loan-ltv-over-100"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-dti:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-dti","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is debt-to-income?","plainText":"Annual scheduled debt repayments divided by qualifying annual income; it counts all your debts, not just the mortgage.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-dti","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Annual scheduled debt repayments divided by qualifying annual income; it counts all your debts, not just the mortgage.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-dti"},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-ratios:en","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-ratios","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What debt ratios does Flat 35 use?","plainText":"Commonly 30% of income below ¥4 million and 35% at ¥4 million or more.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-flat35-ratios","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/user/simulation/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Commonly 30% of income below ¥4 million and 35% at ¥4 million or more.","url":"/en/questions#loan-flat35-ratios"},{"id":"faq:loan-borrow-maximum:en","entityId":"faq:loan-borrow-maximum","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I borrow the maximum approved?","plainText":"Usually not; approval is an underwriting ceiling, not a household financial recommendation.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-borrow-maximum","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Usually not; approval is an underwriting ceiling, not a household financial recommendation.","url":"/en/questions#loan-borrow-maximum"},{"id":"faq:loan-all-savings-down:en","entityId":"faq:loan-all-savings-down","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I use all my savings for the down payment?","plainText":"No. Retain cash for the 6–10% closing costs and an emergency and repair reserve.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-all-savings-down","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No. Retain cash for the 6–10% closing costs and an emergency and repair reserve.","url":"/en/questions#loan-all-savings-down"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-flat35:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-flat35","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is Flat 35?","plainText":"A JHF-partnered, fully fixed-rate mortgage for eligible borrowers and homes, provided through participating financial institutions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-flat35","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A JHF-partnered, fully fixed-rate mortgage for eligible borrowers and homes, provided through participating financial institutions.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-flat35"},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-government:en","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-government","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is Flat 35 a government loan?","plainText":"It is provided through participating financial institutions under JHF purchase or guarantee structures — not a direct government loan.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-flat35-government","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"It is provided through participating financial institutions under JHF purchase or guarantee structures — not a direct government loan.","url":"/en/questions#loan-flat35-government"},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-always-35:en","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-always-35","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is Flat 35 always 35 years?","plainText":"No. Shorter Flat 20 and eligible longer Flat 50 structures exist.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-flat35-always-35","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No. Shorter Flat 20 and eligible longer Flat 50 structures exist.","url":"/en/questions#loan-flat35-always-35"},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-same-everywhere:en","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-same-everywhere","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is Flat 35’s rate the same everywhere?","plainText":"Base pricing may cluster, but lender fees and products differ — compare the total.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-flat35-same-everywhere","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Base pricing may cluster, but lender fees and products differ — compare the total.","url":"/en/questions#loan-flat35-same-everywhere"},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-used-home:en","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-used-home","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can Flat 35 finance a used home?","plainText":"Yes, if eligibility and the property’s technical requirements are met.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-flat35-used-home","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/tech/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Yes, if eligibility and the property’s technical requirements are met.","url":"/en/questions#loan-flat35-used-home"},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-second-home:en","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-second-home","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can Flat 35 finance a second home?","plainText":"Certain genuine second-home uses may qualify; confirm the current conditions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-flat35-second-home","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Certain genuine second-home uses may qualify; confirm the current conditions.","url":"/en/questions#loan-flat35-second-home"},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-investment:en","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-investment","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can Flat 35 finance an investment property?","plainText":"No, not as an ordinary rental-investment loan.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-flat35-investment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No, not as an ordinary rental-investment loan.","url":"/en/questions#loan-flat35-investment"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-flat35s:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-flat35s","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is Flat 35S?","plainText":"A rate-reduction framework for homes meeting qualifying housing-performance standards, applying for specified initial years.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-flat35s","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35s/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A rate-reduction framework for homes meeting qualifying housing-performance standards, applying for specified initial years.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-flat35s"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-flat35-child:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-flat35-child","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is Flat 35 Child-Rearing Plus?","plainText":"A point-based rate reduction connected to qualifying household and housing conditions, applying for specified initial years.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-flat35-child","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35_reform/child.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A point-based rate reduction connected to qualifying household and housing conditions, applying for specified initial years.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-flat35-child"},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-discounts-permanent:en","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-discounts-permanent","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are Flat 35 discounts permanent?","plainText":"No. Many point reductions apply for specified initial years, not the full term.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-flat35-discounts-permanent","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No. Many point reductions apply for specified initial years, not the full term.","url":"/en/questions#loan-flat35-discounts-permanent"},{"id":"faq:loan-variable-risky:en","entityId":"faq:loan-variable-risky","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are variable rates risky?","plainText":"Yes, especially when affordability depends on the starting rate. Choose variable only if you survive a 2–3 point rise without selling.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-variable-risky","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Yes, especially when affordability depends on the starting rate. Choose variable only if you survive a 2–3 point rise without selling.","url":"/en/questions#loan-variable-risky"},{"id":"faq:loan-rate-rise:en","entityId":"faq:loan-rate-rise","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens if rates rise?","plainText":"Interest cost rises; the timing of the payment change depends on the contract’s reset and payment rules.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-rate-rise","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Interest cost rises; the timing of the payment change depends on the contract’s reset and payment rules.","url":"/en/questions#loan-rate-rise"},{"id":"faq:loan-fixed-risk-free:en","entityId":"faq:loan-fixed-risk-free","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is a fixed rate risk-free?","plainText":"No. It removes specified interest-rate risk, not income, property, inflation, or life risk.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-fixed-risk-free","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No. It removes specified interest-rate risk, not income, property, inflation, or life risk.","url":"/en/questions#loan-fixed-risk-free"},{"id":"faq:loan-fixed-period:en","entityId":"faq:loan-fixed-period","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a fixed-period mortgage?","plainText":"A loan fixed for an initial period (e.g. 10 years) and repriced afterward at the then-current rate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-fixed-period","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A loan fixed for an initial period (e.g. 10 years) and repriced afterward at the then-current rate.","url":"/en/questions#loan-fixed-period"},{"id":"faq:loan-after-fixed-period:en","entityId":"faq:loan-after-fixed-period","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens after the fixed period?","plainText":"The then-current rate and contractual discount apply, which can be much higher than the initial rate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-after-fixed-period","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"The then-current rate and contractual discount apply, which can be much higher than the initial rate.","url":"/en/questions#loan-after-fixed-period"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-mixed:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-mixed","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a mixed mortgage?","plainText":"Borrowing split between variable and fixed rate types.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-mixed","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Borrowing split between variable and fixed rate types.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-mixed"},{"id":"faq:loan-mixing-reduce-risk:en","entityId":"faq:loan-mixing-reduce-risk","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does mixing reduce risk?","plainText":"It reduces concentration in one rate type but does not guarantee the lowest cost.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-mixing-reduce-risk","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"It reduces concentration in one rate type but does not guarantee the lowest cost.","url":"/en/questions#loan-mixing-reduce-risk"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-pair-loan:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-pair-loan","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a pair loan?","plainText":"Two separate loans, typically one for each partner, usually on the same property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-pair-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Two separate loans, typically one for each partner, usually on the same property.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-pair-loan"},{"id":"faq:loan-pair-two-fees:en","entityId":"faq:loan-pair-two-fees","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do pair loans mean two fees?","plainText":"Often yes, because there are two contracts and two registrations.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-pair-two-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Often yes, because there are two contracts and two registrations.","url":"/en/questions#loan-pair-two-fees"},{"id":"faq:loan-pair-both-tax-relief:en","entityId":"faq:loan-pair-both-tax-relief","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can both partners claim mortgage tax relief?","plainText":"Potentially, according to each partner’s qualifying ownership, debt, and tax position.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-pair-both-tax-relief","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Potentially, according to each partner’s qualifying ownership, debt, and tax position.","url":"/en/questions#loan-pair-both-tax-relief"},{"id":"faq:loan-pair-divorce:en","entityId":"faq:loan-pair-divorce","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens to a pair loan after divorce?","plainText":"Debt and title remain until lawfully transferred or refinanced; agreement between spouses alone does not release the bank.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-pair-divorce","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Debt and title remain until lawfully transferred or refinanced; agreement between spouses alone does not release the bank.","url":"/en/questions#loan-pair-divorce"},{"id":"faq:loan-pair-death:en","entityId":"faq:loan-pair-death","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens if one pair-loan borrower dies?","plainText":"Insurance generally clears only the insured person’s loan, not automatically both, unless a joint-life product applies.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-pair-death","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Insurance generally clears only the insured person’s loan, not automatically both, unless a joint-life product applies.","url":"/en/questions#loan-pair-death"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-combined-income:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-combined-income","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is combined income?","plainText":"A lender counts another person’s income in assessing one loan structure; that person may be a guarantor or joint debtor.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-combined-income","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A lender counts another person’s income in assessing one loan structure; that person may be a guarantor or joint debtor.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-combined-income"},{"id":"faq:loan-contributor-liable:en","entityId":"faq:loan-contributor-liable","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is the income contributor liable?","plainText":"Depending on the structure, they may be a guarantor or joint debtor — potentially liable without matching ownership or insurance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-contributor-liable","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Depending on the structure, they may be a guarantor or joint debtor — potentially liable without matching ownership or insurance.","url":"/en/questions#loan-contributor-liable"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-parent-child-relay:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-parent-child-relay","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is parent-child relay financing?","plainText":"A loan whose repayment term is based partly on a younger successor borrower.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-parent-child-relay","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A loan whose repayment term is based partly on a younger successor borrower.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-parent-child-relay"},{"id":"faq:loan-relay-inheritance:en","entityId":"faq:loan-relay-inheritance","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is parent-child relay suitable for inheritance planning?","plainText":"It can be, but title, debt, insurance, and sibling fairness require professional planning.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-relay-inheritance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"It can be, but title, debt, insurance, and sibling fairness require professional planning.","url":"/en/questions#loan-relay-inheritance"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-refinancing:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-refinancing","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is refinancing?","plainText":"Replacing the old mortgage with a new mortgage, often from another lender.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-refinancing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Replacing the old mortgage with a new mortgage, often from another lender.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-refinancing"},{"id":"faq:loan-refinancing-makes-sense:en","entityId":"faq:loan-refinancing-makes-sense","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"When does refinancing make sense?","plainText":"When discounted present-value savings and risk improvement exceed all new costs.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-refinancing-makes-sense","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"When discounted present-value savings and risk improvement exceed all new costs.","url":"/en/questions#loan-refinancing-makes-sense"},{"id":"faq:loan-refinancing-health:en","entityId":"faq:loan-refinancing-health","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does refinancing require health screening?","plainText":"Usually, for new group credit life insurance; poor health can restrict standard cover.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-refinancing-health","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Usually, for new group credit life insurance; poor health can restrict standard cover.","url":"/en/questions#loan-refinancing-health"},{"id":"faq:loan-extend-term-refinancing:en","entityId":"faq:loan-extend-term-refinancing","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I extend the term when refinancing?","plainText":"Sometimes, but extending can increase total interest — a lower monthly payment is not a saving.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-extend-term-refinancing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Sometimes, but extending can increase total interest — a lower monthly payment is not a saving.","url":"/en/questions#loan-extend-term-refinancing"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-early-repayment:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-early-repayment","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is early repayment?","plainText":"Extra principal paid before scheduled maturity.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-early-repayment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Extra principal paid before scheduled maturity.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-early-repayment"},{"id":"faq:loan-early-always-best:en","entityId":"faq:loan-early-always-best","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is early repayment always best?","plainText":"No; liquidity, tax deductions, and alternative uses of cash matter.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-early-always-best","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No; liquidity, tax deductions, and alternative uses of cash matter.","url":"/en/questions#loan-early-always-best"},{"id":"faq:loan-term-vs-payment-reduction:en","entityId":"faq:loan-term-vs-payment-reduction","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Which saves more: term or payment reduction?","plainText":"Term reduction usually saves more interest, all else equal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-term-vs-payment-reduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Term reduction usually saves more interest, all else equal.","url":"/en/questions#loan-term-vs-payment-reduction"},{"id":"faq:loan-online-early-free:en","entityId":"faq:loan-online-early-free","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are online early repayments free?","plainText":"Many are, but the lender and method differ — check your loan.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-online-early-free","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Many are, but the lender and method differ — check your loan.","url":"/en/questions#loan-online-early-free"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-renovation-loan:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-renovation-loan","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a renovation loan?","plainText":"Financing for repair, remodeling, or energy improvements.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-renovation-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Financing for repair, remodeling, or energy improvements.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-renovation-loan"},{"id":"faq:loan-renovation-in-mortgage:en","entityId":"faq:loan-renovation-in-mortgage","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can renovation be included in the mortgage?","plainText":"Some purchase-plus-renovation products permit it, which is usually cheaper than an unsecured loan.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-renovation-in-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Some purchase-plus-renovation products permit it, which is usually cheaper than an unsecured loan.","url":"/en/questions#loan-renovation-in-mortgage"},{"id":"faq:loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive:en","entityId":"faq:loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is unsecured renovation finance expensive?","plainText":"Usually more expensive than mortgage-secured finance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Usually more expensive than mortgage-secured finance.","url":"/en/questions#loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive"},{"id":"faq:loan-renovation-increase-value:en","entityId":"faq:loan-renovation-increase-value","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does renovation always increase value?","plainText":"No. Personalized or overcapitalized work may not be recovered on resale.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-renovation-increase-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No. Personalized or overcapitalized work may not be recovered on resale.","url":"/en/questions#loan-renovation-increase-value"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-bridge:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-bridge","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a bridge loan?","plainText":"Short-term finance before the permanent mortgage proceeds become available.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-bridge","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Short-term finance before the permanent mortgage proceeds become available.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-bridge"},{"id":"faq:loan-who-uses-bridge:en","entityId":"faq:loan-who-uses-bridge","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Who uses bridge loans?","plainText":"Commonly land-and-build or staged-construction purchasers.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-who-uses-bridge","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Commonly land-and-build or staged-construction purchasers.","url":"/en/questions#loan-who-uses-bridge"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-reverse-mortgage:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-reverse-mortgage","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a reverse mortgage?","plainText":"A senior homeowner borrows against home equity, with repayment commonly deferred until death or sale.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-reverse-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A senior homeowner borrows against home equity, with repayment commonly deferred until death or sale.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-reverse-mortgage"},{"id":"faq:loan-reverse-exceed-value:en","entityId":"faq:loan-reverse-exceed-value","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can reverse-mortgage debt exceed the home value?","plainText":"Product treatment differs; review recourse, valuation, and the heirs’ options.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-reverse-exceed-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Product treatment differs; review recourse, valuation, and the heirs’ options.","url":"/en/questions#loan-reverse-exceed-value"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-secured-property-loan:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-secured-property-loan","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a secured property loan?","plainText":"A loan for broader purposes backed by a registered mortgage over real estate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-secured-property-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A loan for broader purposes backed by a registered mortgage over real estate.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-secured-property-loan"},{"id":"faq:loan-secure-consumer-spending:en","entityId":"faq:loan-secure-consumer-spending","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I secure consumer spending on my home?","plainText":"Generally no; it converts spending risk into the risk of losing your home.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-secure-consumer-spending","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Generally no; it converts spending risk into the risk of losing your home.","url":"/en/questions#loan-secure-consumer-spending"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-bank-card-loan:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-bank-card-loan","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a bank card loan?","plainText":"A revolving unsecured credit line from a bank; it sits outside the moneylender one-third rule but rates are still often high.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-bank-card-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A revolving unsecured credit line from a bank; it sits outside the moneylender one-third rule but rates are still often high.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-bank-card-loan"},{"id":"faq:loan-card-loan-onethird:en","entityId":"faq:loan-card-loan-onethird","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are bank card loans subject to the one-third rule?","plainText":"Bank lending is outside that statutory rule, though banks impose their own limits.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-card-loan-onethird","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Bank lending is outside that statutory rule, though banks impose their own limits.","url":"/en/questions#loan-card-loan-onethird"},{"id":"faq:loan-finance-company-covered:en","entityId":"faq:loan-finance-company-covered","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are finance-company cash advances covered by the one-third rule?","plainText":"Generally yes, as covered moneylender borrowing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-finance-company-covered","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Generally yes, as covered moneylender borrowing.","url":"/en/questions#loan-finance-company-covered"},{"id":"faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage:en","entityId":"faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can card-loan use hurt mortgage approval?","plainText":"Yes — through the balance, repayment burden, and credit behavior; even an unused limit can reduce headroom.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-card-loan-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Yes — through the balance, repayment burden, and credit behavior; even an unused limit can reduce headroom.","url":"/en/questions#loan-card-loan-mortgage"},{"id":"faq:loan-onethird-rule:en","entityId":"faq:loan-onethird-rule","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the one-third-of-income borrowing rule?","plainText":"New moneylender borrowing is normally restricted once covered balances exceed one-third of annual income; banks and housing loans sit outside it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-onethird-rule","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"New moneylender borrowing is normally restricted once covered balances exceed one-third of annual income; banks and housing loans sit outside it.","url":"/en/questions#loan-onethird-rule"},{"id":"faq:loan-borrow-down-payment:en","entityId":"faq:loan-borrow-down-payment","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I borrow the down payment?","plainText":"Undisclosed borrowing is dangerous and can cause rejection or misrepresentation concerns.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-borrow-down-payment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Undisclosed borrowing is dangerous and can cause rejection or misrepresentation concerns.","url":"/en/questions#loan-borrow-down-payment"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-auto-bank-loan:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-auto-bank-loan","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a bank auto loan?","plainText":"Purpose-specific vehicle finance from a bank or affiliated lender; it often shows a clearer interest cost.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-auto-bank-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Purpose-specific vehicle finance from a bank or affiliated lender; it often shows a clearer interest cost.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-auto-bank-loan"},{"id":"faq:loan-dealer-financing-cheaper:en","entityId":"faq:loan-dealer-financing-cheaper","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is dealer financing cheaper?","plainText":"Sometimes after discounts, but compare the vehicle’s cash price and total finance cost separately.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-dealer-financing-cheaper","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Sometimes after discounts, but compare the vehicle’s cash price and total finance cost separately.","url":"/en/questions#loan-dealer-financing-cheaper"},{"id":"faq:loan-residual-value:en","entityId":"faq:loan-residual-value","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is residual-value financing?","plainText":"Payments are based partly on an assumed future vehicle value, leaving a balloon or return conditions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-residual-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Payments are based partly on an assumed future vehicle value, leaving a balloon or return conditions.","url":"/en/questions#loan-residual-value"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-education-loan:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-education-loan","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is an education loan?","plainText":"Purpose financing for tuition and related education costs, through public or private routes.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-education-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Purpose financing for tuition and related education costs, through public or private routes.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-education-loan"},{"id":"faq:loan-sole-proprietor-business:en","entityId":"faq:loan-sole-proprietor-business","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can a sole proprietor obtain a business loan?","plainText":"Yes, using financial statements, tax returns, and a business-purpose analysis — but never use home equity to support an unviable business.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-sole-proprietor-business","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Yes, using financial statements, tax returns, and a business-purpose analysis — but never use home equity to support an unviable business.","url":"/en/questions#loan-sole-proprietor-business"},{"id":"faq:loan-cash-beyond-price:en","entityId":"faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What cash do I need beyond the price?","plainText":"The down payment plus roughly 6–10% of the price in closing costs, plus an emergency and repair reserve.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-cash-beyond-price","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"The down payment plus roughly 6–10% of the price in closing costs, plus an emergency and repair reserve.","url":"/en/questions#loan-cash-beyond-price"},{"id":"faq:loan-fees-outside-price:en","entityId":"faq:loan-fees-outside-price","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What fees are outside the property price?","plainText":"Brokerage, loan, registration, tax, insurance, inspection, renovation, moving, and reserves.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-fees-outside-price","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Brokerage, loan, registration, tax, insurance, inspection, renovation, moving, and reserves.","url":"/en/questions#loan-fees-outside-price"},{"id":"faq:loan-earnest-extra-cost:en","entityId":"faq:loan-earnest-extra-cost","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is earnest money an extra cost?","plainText":"No; it is normally credited to the price at closing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-earnest-extra-cost","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No; it is normally credited to the price at closing.","url":"/en/questions#loan-earnest-extra-cost"},{"id":"faq:loan-earnest-money-size:en","entityId":"faq:loan-earnest-money-size","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How large is earnest money?","plainText":"Negotiated; 5–10% is common market practice but not universal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-earnest-money-size","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Negotiated; 5–10% is common market practice but not universal.","url":"/en/questions#loan-earnest-money-size"},{"id":"faq:loan-financing-clause:en","entityId":"faq:loan-financing-clause","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a financing-condition clause?","plainText":"A contract term governing cancellation and deposit return if specified financing fails.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-financing-clause","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A contract term governing cancellation and deposit return if specified financing fails.","url":"/en/questions#loan-financing-clause"},{"id":"faq:loan-deposit-returned:en","entityId":"faq:loan-deposit-returned","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is the deposit always returned if the loan fails?","plainText":"Only if the contract’s financing-condition clause applies and its requirements were met.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-deposit-returned","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Only if the contract’s financing-condition clause applies and its requirements were met.","url":"/en/questions#loan-deposit-returned"},{"id":"faq:loan-brokerage-commission:en","entityId":"faq:loan-brokerage-commission","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is brokerage commission?","plainText":"Compensation paid to a licensed broker, subject to a statutory maximum based on price and transaction.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-brokerage-commission","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Compensation paid to a licensed broker, subject to a statutory maximum based on price and transaction.","url":"/en/questions#loan-brokerage-commission"},{"id":"faq:loan-developer-brokerage:en","entityId":"faq:loan-developer-brokerage","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do new developer properties have buyer brokerage?","plainText":"Often no when purchased directly from the seller, but confirm the transaction structure.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-developer-brokerage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Often no when purchased directly from the seller, but confirm the transaction structure.","url":"/en/questions#loan-developer-brokerage"},{"id":"faq:loan-judicial-scrivener:en","entityId":"faq:loan-judicial-scrivener","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why use a judicial scrivener?","plainText":"To prepare and file ownership and mortgage registrations and verify the closing formalities.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-judicial-scrivener","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"To prepare and file ownership and mortgage registrations and verify the closing formalities.","url":"/en/questions#loan-judicial-scrivener"},{"id":"faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage:en","entityId":"faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How do I find the cheapest mortgage?","plainText":"Compare the all-in cost — execution rate, fees, insurance, and early-repayment costs — over your holding period, not the headline rate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-cheapest-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Compare the all-in cost — execution rate, fees, insurance, and early-repayment costs — over your holding period, not the headline rate.","url":"/en/questions#loan-cheapest-mortgage"},{"id":"faq:loan-compare-fairly:en","entityId":"faq:loan-compare-fairly","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How do I compare lenders fairly?","plainText":"Use the same execution date, LTV, term, insurance, fees, and holding period for every quote.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-compare-fairly","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Use the same execution date, LTV, term, insurance, fees, and holding period for every quote.","url":"/en/questions#loan-compare-fairly"},{"id":"faq:loan-how-many-lenders:en","entityId":"faq:loan-how-many-lenders","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How many lenders should I approach?","plainText":"Enough to cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship bank, and any specialist route — without excessive simultaneous inquiries.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-how-many-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Enough to cover a major bank, an online bank, a relationship bank, and any specialist route — without excessive simultaneous inquiries.","url":"/en/questions#loan-how-many-lenders"},{"id":"faq:loan-registration-tax:en","entityId":"faq:loan-registration-tax","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is registration and license tax?","plainText":"A tax on specified registrations (ownership transfer and mortgage), based on assessed value and any relief.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-registration-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7191.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A tax on specified registrations (ownership transfer and mortgage), based on assessed value and any relief.","url":"/en/questions#loan-registration-tax"},{"id":"faq:loan-acquisition-tax:en","entityId":"faq:loan-acquisition-tax","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is real-estate acquisition tax?","plainText":"A prefectural tax assessed after acquisition, based on assessed value; residential relief can reduce it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-acquisition-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shitsumon/fudosan/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A prefectural tax assessed after acquisition, based on assessed value; residential relief can reduce it.","url":"/en/questions#loan-acquisition-tax"},{"id":"faq:loan-fixed-asset-tax:en","entityId":"faq:loan-fixed-asset-tax","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is fixed-asset tax?","plainText":"An annual municipal tax based on the assessed value of the property.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-fixed-asset-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Tokyo Metropolitan Tax Bureau","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"An annual municipal tax based on the assessed value of the property.","url":"/en/questions#loan-fixed-asset-tax"},{"id":"faq:loan-city-planning-tax:en","entityId":"faq:loan-city-planning-tax","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is city-planning tax?","plainText":"An additional local tax in designated urban-planning areas.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-city-planning-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"An additional local tax in designated urban-planning areas.","url":"/en/questions#loan-city-planning-tax"},{"id":"faq:loan-prorate-fixed-asset:en","entityId":"faq:loan-prorate-fixed-asset","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Who pays the current year’s fixed-asset tax at closing?","plainText":"Seller and buyer commonly prorate it economically by contract; legal liability follows statutory rules.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-prorate-fixed-asset","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Seller and buyer commonly prorate it economically by contract; legal liability follows statutory rules.","url":"/en/questions#loan-prorate-fixed-asset"},{"id":"faq:loan-mortgage-tax-deduction:en","entityId":"faq:loan-mortgage-tax-deduction","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the mortgage tax deduction?","plainText":"An income-tax credit based on your qualifying year-end mortgage balance (a 0.7% framework), subject to conditions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-mortgage-tax-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"An income-tax credit based on your qualifying year-end mortgage balance (a 0.7% framework), subject to conditions.","url":"/en/questions#loan-mortgage-tax-deduction"},{"id":"faq:loan-deduction-automatic:en","entityId":"faq:loan-deduction-automatic","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is the 2026 mortgage deduction automatic?","plainText":"No; eligibility and filing requirements must be met, and you generally file a return in the first year.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-deduction-automatic","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No; eligibility and filing requirements must be met, and you generally file a return in the first year.","url":"/en/questions#loan-deduction-automatic"},{"id":"faq:loan-deduction-income-limit:en","entityId":"faq:loan-deduction-income-limit","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is there an income limit for the mortgage deduction?","plainText":"The general applicable-income ceiling is ¥20 million, with additional floor-area conditions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-deduction-income-limit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"The general applicable-income ceiling is ¥20 million, with additional floor-area conditions.","url":"/en/questions#loan-deduction-income-limit"},{"id":"faq:loan-file-first-year:en","entityId":"faq:loan-file-first-year","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Must I file a tax return in the first year?","plainText":"Generally yes for an initial mortgage-credit claim; later years an employee may claim it through year-end adjustment.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-file-first-year","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Generally yes for an initial mortgage-credit claim; later years an employee may claim it through year-end adjustment.","url":"/en/questions#loan-file-first-year"},{"id":"faq:loan-selling-tax:en","entityId":"faq:loan-selling-tax","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What tax applies when I sell property?","plainText":"Capital-gains tax on the taxable gain after basis, allowable costs, and relief — not the gross price.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-selling-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Capital-gains tax on the taxable gain after basis, allowable costs, and relief — not the gross price.","url":"/en/questions#loan-selling-tax"},{"id":"faq:loan-sale-price-minus-purchase:en","entityId":"faq:loan-sale-price-minus-purchase","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is sale price minus purchase price the taxable gain?","plainText":"Not necessarily; depreciation and transaction costs affect the basis and the gain.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-sale-price-minus-purchase","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Not necessarily; depreciation and transaction costs affect the basis and the gain.","url":"/en/questions#loan-sale-price-minus-purchase"},{"id":"faq:loan-30-million-deduction:en","entityId":"faq:loan-30-million-deduction","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the ¥30 million home-sale deduction?","plainText":"A possible deduction of up to ¥30 million from qualifying principal-residence capital gain, subject to conditions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-30-million-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3302.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A possible deduction of up to ¥30 million from qualifying principal-residence capital gain, subject to conditions.","url":"/en/questions#loan-30-million-deduction"},{"id":"faq:loan-rental-income-taxable:en","entityId":"faq:loan-rental-income-taxable","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is rental income taxable?","plainText":"Yes; net taxable rental income must generally be reported.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-rental-income-taxable","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Yes; net taxable rental income must generally be reported.","url":"/en/questions#loan-rental-income-taxable"},{"id":"faq:loan-deduct-mortgage-from-rent:en","entityId":"faq:loan-deduct-mortgage-from-rent","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I deduct the full mortgage payment from rent?","plainText":"No; principal is not ordinarily a deductible expense, though interest may be.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-deduct-mortgage-from-rent","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No; principal is not ordinarily a deductible expense, though interest may be.","url":"/en/questions#loan-deduct-mortgage-from-rent"},{"id":"faq:loan-interest-deductible-rental:en","entityId":"faq:loan-interest-deductible-rental","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is mortgage interest deductible for rental property?","plainText":"It may be deductible under the income-tax rules, with limitations and allocation issues.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-interest-deductible-rental","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"It may be deductible under the income-tax rules, with limitations and allocation issues.","url":"/en/questions#loan-interest-deductible-rental"},{"id":"faq:loan-depreciation-cash:en","entityId":"faq:loan-depreciation-cash","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is depreciation cash income?","plainText":"No; it is a tax accounting deduction, not a cash outlay or receipt.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-depreciation-cash","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No; it is a tax accounting deduction, not a cash outlay or receipt.","url":"/en/questions#loan-depreciation-cash"},{"id":"faq:loan-inheritance-registration:en","entityId":"faq:loan-inheritance-registration","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is inheritance registration mandatory?","plainText":"Yes, inheritance-registration obligations now apply under the amended system; deadlines and transition rules require review.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-inheritance-registration","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Justice","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Yes, inheritance-registration obligations now apply under the amended system; deadlines and transition rules require review.","url":"/en/questions#loan-inheritance-registration"},{"id":"faq:loan-spouses-5050:en","entityId":"faq:loan-spouses-5050","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should spouses own property 50/50?","plainText":"Only if contributions, debt, gift-tax, control, and future-sale consequences support that split.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-spouses-5050","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Only if contributions, debt, gift-tax, control, and future-sale consequences support that split.","url":"/en/questions#loan-spouses-5050"},{"id":"faq:loan-unequal-gift-tax:en","entityId":"faq:loan-unequal-gift-tax","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can unequal payments create gift-tax issues?","plainText":"Potentially, when legal ownership and economic contributions differ.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-unequal-gift-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Potentially, when legal ownership and economic contributions differ.","url":"/en/questions#loan-unequal-gift-tax"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-freehold:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-freehold","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is freehold?","plainText":"Ownership without a fixed land-lease expiry, subject to law and tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-freehold","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Ownership without a fixed land-lease expiry, subject to law and tax.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-freehold"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-leasehold:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-leasehold","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is leasehold?","plainText":"A right to use land owned by another person, subject to ground rent and consent.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-leasehold","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A right to use land owned by another person, subject to ground rent and consent.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-leasehold"},{"id":"faq:loan-leasehold-bad:en","entityId":"faq:loan-leasehold-bad","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is leasehold always bad?","plainText":"No, but financing, consent, ground rent, renewal, and remaining term all matter — get specialist review.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-leasehold-bad","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No, but financing, consent, ground rent, renewal, and remaining term all matter — get specialist review.","url":"/en/questions#loan-leasehold-bad"},{"id":"faq:loan-fixed-term-leasehold:en","entityId":"faq:loan-fixed-term-leasehold","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is fixed-term leasehold?","plainText":"Leasehold that ends after a defined term; declining remaining term can impair value and finance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-fixed-term-leasehold","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Leasehold that ends after a defined term; declining remaining term can impair value and finance.","url":"/en/questions#loan-fixed-term-leasehold"},{"id":"faq:loan-non-rebuildable:en","entityId":"faq:loan-non-rebuildable","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is non-rebuildable property?","plainText":"A property that cannot ordinarily receive permission for a replacement building under current access or planning rules.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-non-rebuildable","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A property that cannot ordinarily receive permission for a replacement building under current access or planning rules.","url":"/en/questions#loan-non-rebuildable"},{"id":"faq:loan-mortgage-non-rebuildable:en","entityId":"faq:loan-mortgage-non-rebuildable","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I mortgage a non-rebuildable home?","plainText":"Mainstream finance is difficult and LTV is often low.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-mortgage-non-rebuildable","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Mainstream finance is difficult and LTV is often low.","url":"/en/questions#loan-mortgage-non-rebuildable"},{"id":"faq:loan-new-seismic:en","entityId":"faq:loan-new-seismic","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is the new seismic standard?","plainText":"A commonly used reference to the post-1981 code regime; it is not a building-specific guarantee.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-new-seismic","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A commonly used reference to the post-1981 code regime; it is not a building-specific guarantee.","url":"/en/questions#loan-new-seismic"},{"id":"faq:loan-avoid-pre-1981:en","entityId":"faq:loan-avoid-pre-1981","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I avoid all pre-1981 buildings?","plainText":"Not automatically; inspect retrofit, structure, soil, maintenance, and documentation.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-avoid-pre-1981","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Not automatically; inspect retrofit, structure, soil, maintenance, and documentation.","url":"/en/questions#loan-avoid-pre-1981"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-inspection:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-inspection","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a home inspection?","plainText":"A qualified visual and measured condition survey of specified components; it does not guarantee no hidden defects.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-inspection","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"A qualified visual and measured condition survey of specified components; it does not guarantee no hidden defects.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-inspection"},{"id":"faq:loan-inspection-guarantee:en","entityId":"faq:loan-inspection-guarantee","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does inspection guarantee no hidden defects?","plainText":"No. It reports on what is visible and measurable at the time.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-inspection-guarantee","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No. It reports on what is visible and measurable at the time.","url":"/en/questions#loan-inspection-guarantee"},{"id":"faq:loan-who-selects-inspector:en","entityId":"faq:loan-who-selects-inspector","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Who should select the inspector?","plainText":"Preferably the buyer, independently of the seller and the renovation contractor.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-who-selects-inspector","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Preferably the buyer, independently of the seller and the renovation contractor.","url":"/en/questions#loan-who-selects-inspector"},{"id":"faq:loan-defect-insurance:en","entityId":"faq:loan-defect-insurance","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is defect insurance?","plainText":"Insurance covering specified qualifying defects under defined conditions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-defect-insurance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Insurance covering specified qualifying defects under defined conditions.","url":"/en/questions#loan-defect-insurance"},{"id":"faq:loan-stigmatized:en","entityId":"faq:loan-stigmatized","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a stigmatized property?","plainText":"Property associated with a material psychological event or circumstance affecting transactions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-stigmatized","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Property associated with a material psychological event or circumstance affecting transactions.","url":"/en/questions#loan-stigmatized"},{"id":"faq:loan-disclose-forever:en","entityId":"faq:loan-disclose-forever","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Must every past event be disclosed forever?","plainText":"No; disclosure depends on facts, timing, transaction, and legal guidance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-disclose-forever","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No; disclosure depends on facts, timing, transaction, and legal guidance.","url":"/en/questions#loan-disclose-forever"},{"id":"faq:loan-hazard-map:en","entityId":"faq:loan-hazard-map","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a hazard map?","plainText":"An official modeled map of specified disaster exposure such as flood, tsunami, and liquefaction.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-hazard-map","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"An official modeled map of specified disaster exposure such as flood, tsunami, and liquefaction.","url":"/en/questions#loan-hazard-map"},{"id":"faq:loan-outside-hazard-zone:en","entityId":"faq:loan-outside-hazard-zone","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does being outside a hazard zone mean safe?","plainText":"No. Models can be exceeded, so combine maps with site observation.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-outside-hazard-zone","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No. Models can be exceeded, so combine maps with site observation.","url":"/en/questions#loan-outside-hazard-zone"},{"id":"faq:loan-vacant-house:en","entityId":"faq:loan-vacant-house","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should I buy an empty rural house (akiya)?","plainText":"Only after title, access, structure, utilities, renovation, and local-demand diligence.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-vacant-house","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Only after title, access, structure, utilities, renovation, and local-demand diligence.","url":"/en/questions#loan-vacant-house"},{"id":"faq:loan-vacant-cheap-renovate:en","entityId":"faq:loan-vacant-cheap-renovate","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are vacant houses cheap to renovate?","plainText":"Often not; hidden structural, roof, plumbing, septic, and disposal work can exceed the price.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-vacant-cheap-renovate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Often not; hidden structural, roof, plumbing, septic, and disposal work can exceed the price.","url":"/en/questions#loan-vacant-cheap-renovate"},{"id":"faq:loan-resale-difficult:en","entityId":"faq:loan-resale-difficult","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How difficult is resale?","plainText":"Highly property-specific; unusual, old, remote, leasehold, or weakly financed assets take longer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-resale-difficult","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Highly property-specific; unusual, old, remote, leasehold, or weakly financed assets take longer.","url":"/en/questions#loan-resale-difficult"},{"id":"faq:loan-estimate-resale:en","entityId":"faq:loan-estimate-resale","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How do I estimate resale value?","plainText":"Use transaction comparables, land share, building condition, tenure, and future buyer financeability.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-estimate-resale","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Use transaction comparables, land share, building condition, tenure, and future buyer financeability.","url":"/en/questions#loan-estimate-resale"},{"id":"faq:loan-homes-depreciate:en","entityId":"faq:loan-homes-depreciate","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do homes depreciate to zero in Japan?","plainText":"Buildings may be heavily depreciated in market practice, but land, location, and quality create varied outcomes.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-homes-depreciate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Buildings may be heavily depreciated in market practice, but land, location, and quality create varied outcomes.","url":"/en/questions#loan-homes-depreciate"},{"id":"faq:loan-station-distance:en","entityId":"faq:loan-station-distance","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Why is station distance important?","plainText":"It strongly affects convenience, tenant demand, and resale depth in many markets.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-station-distance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"It strongly affects convenience, tenant demand, and resale depth in many markets.","url":"/en/questions#loan-station-distance"},{"id":"faq:loan-condo-check:en","entityId":"faq:loan-condo-check","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What should I check for a condominium?","plainText":"Reserves, repair plan, arrears, minutes, bylaws, insurance, litigation, and planned major work.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-condo-check","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Reserves, repair plan, arrears, minutes, bylaws, insurance, litigation, and planned major work.","url":"/en/questions#loan-condo-check"},{"id":"faq:loan-condo-fees:en","entityId":"faq:loan-condo-fees","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a condominium management fee?","plainText":"Payment for ordinary shared operations; it is not saved for major repairs (that is the repair reserve).","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-condo-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Payment for ordinary shared operations; it is not saved for major repairs (that is the repair reserve).","url":"/en/questions#loan-condo-fees"},{"id":"faq:loan-repair-reserve:en","entityId":"faq:loan-repair-reserve","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a repair reserve?","plainText":"Money accumulated for major capital repairs such as roof, façade, pipes, and elevators.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-repair-reserve","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Money accumulated for major capital repairs such as roof, façade, pipes, and elevators.","url":"/en/questions#loan-repair-reserve"},{"id":"faq:loan-reserve-rise:en","entityId":"faq:loan-reserve-rise","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can repair reserves rise?","plainText":"Yes, especially under step-up funding plans that start low and escalate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-reserve-rise","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Yes, especially under step-up funding plans that start low and escalate.","url":"/en/questions#loan-reserve-rise"},{"id":"faq:loan-special-assessment:en","entityId":"faq:loan-special-assessment","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is a special assessment?","plainText":"An extra owner payment when reserves are insufficient for needed work.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-special-assessment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"An extra owner payment when reserves are insufficient for needed work.","url":"/en/questions#loan-special-assessment"},{"id":"faq:loan-renovate-condo:en","entityId":"faq:loan-renovate-condo","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I renovate any condominium interior?","plainText":"No; bylaws and structural/common-element rules apply.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-renovate-condo","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No; bylaws and structural/common-element rules apply.","url":"/en/questions#loan-renovate-condo"},{"id":"faq:loan-replace-windows:en","entityId":"faq:loan-replace-windows","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I replace condominium windows myself?","plainText":"Windows are often common elements with restricted alteration.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-replace-windows","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Windows are often common elements with restricted alteration.","url":"/en/questions#loan-replace-windows"},{"id":"faq:loan-pets:en","entityId":"faq:loan-pets","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I keep pets in a condominium?","plainText":"Only if the building rules permit them and within specified limits.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-pets","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Only if the building rules permit them and within specified limits.","url":"/en/questions#loan-pets"},{"id":"faq:loan-rent-out-mortgaged:en","entityId":"faq:loan-rent-out-mortgaged","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I rent out my mortgaged home?","plainText":"Only with lender consent and compliance with loan, tax, insurance, and building rules.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-rent-out-mortgaged","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Only with lender consent and compliance with loan, tax, insurance, and building rules.","url":"/en/questions#loan-rent-out-mortgaged"},{"id":"faq:loan-airbnb-condo:en","entityId":"faq:loan-airbnb-condo","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I use Airbnb in my condominium?","plainText":"Only if national law, local ordinance, bylaws, lender, and insurer all permit it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-airbnb-condo","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Only if national law, local ordinance, bylaws, lender, and insurer all permit it.","url":"/en/questions#loan-airbnb-condo"},{"id":"faq:loan-180-days:en","entityId":"faq:loan-180-days","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is private lodging always allowed for 180 days?","plainText":"No; the national ceiling does not override municipal or condominium restrictions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-180-days","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No; the national ceiling does not override municipal or condominium restrictions.","url":"/en/questions#loan-180-days"},{"id":"faq:loan-move-overseas:en","entityId":"faq:loan-move-overseas","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens if I move overseas?","plainText":"Notify the lender, insurer, tax authorities, and manager; owner-occupancy terms may require action.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-move-overseas","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Notify the lender, insurer, tax authorities, and manager; owner-occupancy terms may require action.","url":"/en/questions#loan-move-overseas"},{"id":"faq:loan-leave-vacant:en","entityId":"faq:loan-leave-vacant","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I leave the property vacant?","plainText":"Usually temporarily, but insurance, maintenance, and loan terms must be reviewed.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-leave-vacant","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Usually temporarily, but insurance, maintenance, and loan terms must be reviewed.","url":"/en/questions#loan-leave-vacant"},{"id":"faq:loan-emergency-cash-owner:en","entityId":"faq:loan-emergency-cash-owner","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"How much emergency cash should an owner keep?","plainText":"Common planning practice is several months of living costs plus property-specific repair reserves.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-emergency-cash-owner","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Common planning practice is several months of living costs plus property-specific repair reserves.","url":"/en/questions#loan-emergency-cash-owner"},{"id":"faq:loan-fire-earthquake:en","entityId":"faq:loan-fire-earthquake","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Do I need fire and earthquake insurance as a homeowner?","plainText":"Lenders generally require fire insurance; earthquake insurance is separate, must be attached to fire insurance, and is capped and recovery-oriented.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-fire-earthquake","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Lenders generally require fire insurance; earthquake insurance is separate, must be attached to fire insurance, and is capped and recovery-oriented.","url":"/en/questions#loan-fire-earthquake"},{"id":"faq:loan-fire-insurance-mandatory:en","entityId":"faq:loan-fire-insurance-mandatory","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is fire insurance mandatory?","plainText":"Lenders generally require adequate building cover as a condition of the mortgage.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-fire-insurance-mandatory","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Lenders generally require adequate building cover as a condition of the mortgage.","url":"/en/questions#loan-fire-insurance-mandatory"},{"id":"faq:loan-fire-earthquake-fire:en","entityId":"faq:loan-fire-earthquake-fire","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does fire insurance cover earthquake fire?","plainText":"Ordinary fire insurance generally does not; earthquake insurance is needed.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-fire-earthquake-fire","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Ordinary fire insurance generally does not; earthquake insurance is needed.","url":"/en/questions#loan-fire-earthquake-fire"},{"id":"faq:loan-earthquake-rebuild:en","entityId":"faq:loan-earthquake-rebuild","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Does earthquake insurance rebuild the entire home?","plainText":"Not necessarily; insured amounts are capped (¥50M building / ¥10M contents) and recovery-oriented.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-earthquake-rebuild","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Not necessarily; insured amounts are capped (¥50M building / ¥10M contents) and recovery-oriented.","url":"/en/questions#loan-earthquake-rebuild"},{"id":"faq:loan-condo-earthquake:en","entityId":"faq:loan-condo-earthquake","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Should a condominium owner buy earthquake insurance?","plainText":"Consider cover for the unit and contents while checking the association’s cover for common elements.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-condo-earthquake","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Consider cover for the unit and contents while checking the association’s cover for common elements.","url":"/en/questions#loan-condo-earthquake"},{"id":"faq:loan-bundle-insurance:en","entityId":"faq:loan-bundle-insurance","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can insurance be bundled with the lender?","plainText":"Yes, but compare external quotes and commissions where permitted.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-bundle-insurance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Yes, but compare external quotes and commissions where permitted.","url":"/en/questions#loan-bundle-insurance"},{"id":"faq:loan-records-keep:en","entityId":"faq:loan-records-keep","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What records should I keep after buying?","plainText":"Contracts, important-matters statement, invoices, registrations, loan records, renovation evidence, and tax filings.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-records-keep","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Contracts, important-matters statement, invoices, registrations, loan records, renovation evidence, and tax filings.","url":"/en/questions#loan-records-keep"},{"id":"faq:loan-good-investment:en","entityId":"faq:loan-good-investment","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is Japanese property a good investment?","plainText":"Some assets are; the country label alone does not determine return — underwrite net cash flow and exit.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-good-investment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Some assets are; the country label alone does not determine return — underwrite net cash flow and exit.","url":"/en/questions#loan-good-investment"},{"id":"faq:loan-tokyo-liquid:en","entityId":"faq:loan-tokyo-liquid","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are Tokyo properties always liquid?","plainText":"No; price, size, tenure, building, and micro-location all matter.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-tokyo-liquid","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No; price, size, tenure, building, and micro-location all matter.","url":"/en/questions#loan-tokyo-liquid"},{"id":"faq:loan-regional-yields:en","entityId":"faq:loan-regional-yields","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are regional-city yields better?","plainText":"Gross yields may be higher, often in exchange for vacancy and exit risk.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-regional-yields","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Gross yields may be higher, often in exchange for vacancy and exit risk.","url":"/en/questions#loan-regional-yields"},{"id":"faq:loan-gross-yield:en","entityId":"faq:loan-gross-yield","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Is a high gross yield attractive?","plainText":"Only after verifying costs, rent sustainability, legality, and exit — gross yield is not cash flow.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-gross-yield","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Only after verifying costs, rent sustainability, legality, and exit — gross yield is not cash flow.","url":"/en/questions#loan-gross-yield"},{"id":"faq:loan-residential-for-investment:en","entityId":"faq:loan-residential-for-investment","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Can I use a residential mortgage for investment?","plainText":"No, unless the lender expressly authorizes the use; misstating occupancy has serious consequences.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-residential-for-investment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No, unless the lender expressly authorizes the use; misstating occupancy has serious consequences.","url":"/en/questions#loan-residential-for-investment"},{"id":"faq:loan-misstate-occupancy:en","entityId":"faq:loan-misstate-occupancy","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What happens if I misstate occupancy?","plainText":"Decline, acceleration, fraud concerns, and insurance or tax consequences may follow.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-misstate-occupancy","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Decline, acceleration, fraud concerns, and insurance or tax consequences may follow.","url":"/en/questions#loan-misstate-occupancy"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-apartment-loan:en","entityId":"faq:loan-what-apartment-loan","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"What is an apartment-building loan?","plainText":"Business-purpose finance for a whole rental building.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-what-apartment-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"Business-purpose finance for a whole rental building.","url":"/en/questions#loan-what-apartment-loan"},{"id":"faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse:en","entityId":"faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse","entityType":"faq","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Are investment loans always nonrecourse?","plainText":"No; Japanese loans are commonly recourse unless the documents say otherwise.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/questions#loan-investment-nonrecourse","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"No; Japanese loans are commonly recourse unless the documents say otherwise.","url":"/en/questions#loan-investment-nonrecourse"},{"id":"product:sony-bank:en","entityId":"product:sony-bank","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sony Bank","plainText":"Online bank\nAn online bank popular with residents who want strong foreign-currency features, a well-regarded app, and comparatively English-friendly service.\nMulti-currency accounts and a debit card with competitive FX\nWell-rated app and online-first experience\nNo-fee ATM and transfer allowances depending on account tier\nNo physical branches for in-person service\nSome official documentation is Japanese-first\nNo monthly account fee; ATM/transfer fees depend on tier — verify current schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/sony-bank","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sony-bank"],"families":["family:sony-bank"],"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"banking","text":"Online bank\nAn online bank popular with residents who want strong foreign-currency features, a well-regarded app, and comparatively English-friendly service.\nMulti-currency accounts and a debit card with competitive FX\nWell-rated app and online-first experience\nNo-fee ATM and transfer allowances depending on account tier\nNo physical branches for in-person service\nSome official documentation is Japanese-first\nNo monthly account fee; ATM/transfer fees depend on tier — verify current schedule.","url":"/en/products/sony-bank"},{"id":"product:smbc-prestia:en","entityId":"product:smbc-prestia","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","plainText":"Bank (English support)\nThe bank most often recommended for English-language service, multi-currency accounts, and international needs, aimed at globally minded residents.\nEnd-to-end English support and documentation\nMulti-currency and foreign-remittance features\nBranch and phone support in English\nFees can be higher; some are waived above balance thresholds\nPositioned as a premium/international bank\nAccount and transfer fees vary; balance-based fee waivers apply — verify current schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/smbc-prestia","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-trust-bank"],"families":["family:smbc-prestia"],"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"banking","text":"Bank (English support)\nThe bank most often recommended for English-language service, multi-currency accounts, and international needs, aimed at globally minded residents.\nEnd-to-end English support and documentation\nMulti-currency and foreign-remittance features\nBranch and phone support in English\nFees can be higher; some are waived above balance thresholds\nPositioned as a premium/international bank\nAccount and transfer fees vary; balance-based fee waivers apply — verify current schedule.","url":"/en/products/smbc-prestia"},{"id":"product:rakuten-bank:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-bank","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Bank","plainText":"Online bank\nJapan’s large online bank, tightly integrated with the Rakuten ecosystem (card, points, securities) and popular for everyday banking.\nDeep Rakuten points and ecosystem integration\nFee waivers and point earning based on account rank\nSmooth linking to Rakuten Securities for investing\nEnglish support is partial\nBenefits are strongest if you use other Rakuten services\nNo monthly fee; ATM/transfer fees depend on account rank — verify current schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-bank","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-bank"],"families":["family:rakuten-bank"],"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Bank","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"banking","text":"Online bank\nJapan’s large online bank, tightly integrated with the Rakuten ecosystem (card, points, securities) and popular for everyday banking.\nDeep Rakuten points and ecosystem integration\nFee waivers and point earning based on account rank\nSmooth linking to Rakuten Securities for investing\nEnglish support is partial\nBenefits are strongest if you use other Rakuten services\nNo monthly fee; ATM/transfer fees depend on account rank — verify current schedule.","url":"/en/products/rakuten-bank"},{"id":"product:shinsei-bank:en","entityId":"product:shinsei-bank","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SBI Shinsei Bank","plainText":"Bank\nA bank historically noted for some English support and foreign-currency services, now part of the SBI group.\nSome English online banking and support\nForeign-currency deposits and remittance options\nTiered benefits program\nTerms and English coverage have changed over time — verify current state\nFeature set varies by program tier\nFees depend on program tier — verify current schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/shinsei-bank","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sbi-shinsei-bank"],"families":["family:shinsei-bank"],"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"banking","text":"Bank\nA bank historically noted for some English support and foreign-currency services, now part of the SBI group.\nSome English online banking and support\nForeign-currency deposits and remittance options\nTiered benefits program\nTerms and English coverage have changed over time — verify current state\nFeature set varies by program tier\nFees depend on program tier — verify current schedule.","url":"/en/products/shinsei-bank"},{"id":"product:japan-post-bank:en","entityId":"product:japan-post-bank","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan Post Bank","plainText":"Bank (nationwide)\nA bank with the widest branch and ATM network in Japan, often accessible for new residents and useful in rural areas.\nNationwide branches and ATMs, including rural areas\nOften accessible for newcomers\nFamiliar for pension and government-related transfers\nApp and digital experience are more traditional\nLimited English at many branches\nBasic account has no monthly fee; some transfer/ATM fees apply — verify current schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/japan-post-bank","relationships":{"providers":["provider:japan-post-bank"],"families":["family:japan-post-bank"],"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"banking","text":"Bank (nationwide)\nA bank with the widest branch and ATM network in Japan, often accessible for new residents and useful in rural areas.\nNationwide branches and ATMs, including rural areas\nOften accessible for newcomers\nFamiliar for pension and government-related transfers\nApp and digital experience are more traditional\nLimited English at many branches\nBasic account has no monthly fee; some transfer/ATM fees apply — verify current schedule.","url":"/en/products/japan-post-bank"},{"id":"product:rakuten-card:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Card","plainText":"No-annual-fee credit card\nA no-annual-fee card that earns Rakuten Points. Eligibility, payment settings, and current reward exclusions should be checked in the issuer disclosures.\nNo annual fee for the standard card\nRakuten Points on eligible spending\nOnline application subject to issuer screening\nWatch for revolving-payment (リボ) prompts during signup\nPoint value is highest inside the Rakuten ecosystem\nNo annual fee; interest applies only if you use revolving or installment payments.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"No-annual-fee credit card\nA no-annual-fee card that earns Rakuten Points. Eligibility, payment settings, and current reward exclusions should be checked in the issuer disclosures.\nNo annual fee for the standard card\nRakuten Points on eligible spending\nOnline application subject to issuer screening\nWatch for revolving-payment (リボ) prompts during signup\nPoint value is highest inside the Rakuten ecosystem\nNo annual fee; interest applies only if you use revolving or installment payments.","url":"/en/products/rakuten-card"},{"id":"product:epos-card:en","entityId":"product:epos-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Epos Card","plainText":"No-annual-fee credit card\nA no-annual-fee Visa card issued by Epos Card, with Epos Points and partner benefits subject to current terms.\nNo annual fee for the standard card\nEpos Points on eligible spending\nOnline application; receipt options and timing depend on current issuer procedures\nInterface and support are Japanese-first\nRewards suit those who use partner merchants\nNo annual fee for the base card; interest only on revolving/installment use.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/epos-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:epos-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Marui / Epos","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"No-annual-fee credit card\nA no-annual-fee Visa card issued by Epos Card, with Epos Points and partner benefits subject to current terms.\nNo annual fee for the standard card\nEpos Points on eligible spending\nOnline application; receipt options and timing depend on current issuer procedures\nInterface and support are Japanese-first\nRewards suit those who use partner merchants\nNo annual fee for the base card; interest only on revolving/installment use.","url":"/en/products/epos-card"},{"id":"product:amex-jp:en","entityId":"product:amex-jp","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"American Express (Japan)","plainText":"Annual-fee rewards card\nThe canonical record represents the American Express Green Card in Japan, with Membership Rewards and conditional benefits documented by the issuer.\nEnglish-language service and application\nTravel insurance and airport-lounge access on eligible cards\nTransferable membership rewards points\nAnnual fees can be significant — justify with actual usage\nAcceptance is narrower than Visa/Mastercard at small merchants\nAnnual fee varies by card tier — compare against the benefits you will use.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/amex-jp","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-jp"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"American Express","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Annual-fee rewards card\nThe canonical record represents the American Express Green Card in Japan, with Membership Rewards and conditional benefits documented by the issuer.\nEnglish-language service and application\nTravel insurance and airport-lounge access on eligible cards\nTransferable membership rewards points\nAnnual fees can be significant — justify with actual usage\nAcceptance is narrower than Visa/Mastercard at small merchants\nAnnual fee varies by card tier — compare against the benefits you will use.","url":"/en/products/amex-jp"},{"id":"product:smbc-card-numberless:en","entityId":"product:smbc-card-numberless","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card (NL)","plainText":"No-annual-fee credit card\nVisa/Mastercard card with no annual fee for the standard card and conditional V Point bonuses.\nNo annual fee for the standard card\nPoints on eligible spending\nOfficial online application subject to screening\nBonus rates require specific conditions\nConfirm revolving-payment and foreign-use fees\nNo annual fee for the standard card; other cards and payment services have separate fees.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/smbc-card-numberless","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-card-numberless"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/numberless.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"No-annual-fee credit card\nVisa/Mastercard card with no annual fee for the standard card and conditional V Point bonuses.\nNo annual fee for the standard card\nPoints on eligible spending\nOfficial online application subject to screening\nBonus rates require specific conditions\nConfirm revolving-payment and foreign-use fees\nNo annual fee for the standard card; other cards and payment services have separate fees.","url":"/en/products/smbc-card-numberless"},{"id":"product:jcb-card-s:en","entityId":"product:jcb-card-s","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB Card S","plainText":"No-annual-fee credit card\nJCB-branded no-annual-fee card with J-POINT rewards and benefits subject to issuer terms.\nNo annual fee for the standard card\nPoints on eligible spending\nOfficial online application subject to screening\nBonus rates require specific conditions\nConfirm revolving-payment and foreign-use fees\nNo annual fee for the standard card; other cards and payment services have separate fees.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-card-s","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-card-s"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/os_card_s.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"No-annual-fee credit card\nJCB-branded no-annual-fee card with J-POINT rewards and benefits subject to issuer terms.\nNo annual fee for the standard card\nPoints on eligible spending\nOfficial online application subject to screening\nBonus rates require specific conditions\nConfirm revolving-payment and foreign-use fees\nNo annual fee for the standard card; other cards and payment services have separate fees.","url":"/en/products/jcb-card-s"},{"id":"product:d-card:en","entityId":"product:d-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"d Card","plainText":"No-annual-fee credit card\nNo-annual-fee standard card earning d POINT on eligible use, with ecosystem benefits under current terms.\nNo annual fee for the standard card\nPoints on eligible spending\nOfficial online application subject to screening\nBonus rates require specific conditions\nConfirm revolving-payment and foreign-use fees\nNo annual fee for the standard card; other cards and payment services have separate fees.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/d-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ntt-docomo"],"families":["family:d-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO, INC.","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/dcard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"No-annual-fee credit card\nNo-annual-fee standard card earning d POINT on eligible use, with ecosystem benefits under current terms.\nNo annual fee for the standard card\nPoints on eligible spending\nOfficial online application subject to screening\nBonus rates require specific conditions\nConfirm revolving-payment and foreign-use fees\nNo annual fee for the standard card; other cards and payment services have separate fees.","url":"/en/products/d-card"},{"id":"product:paypay-card:en","entityId":"product:paypay-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PayPay Card","plainText":"No-annual-fee credit card\nNo-annual-fee standard card earning PayPay Points on eligible purchases under current program rules.\nNo annual fee for the standard card\nPoints on eligible spending\nOfficial online application subject to screening\nBonus rates require specific conditions\nConfirm revolving-payment and foreign-use fees\nNo annual fee for the standard card; other cards and payment services have separate fees.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/paypay-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:paypay-card"],"families":["family:paypay-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Card Corporation","url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"No-annual-fee credit card\nNo-annual-fee standard card earning PayPay Points on eligible purchases under current program rules.\nNo annual fee for the standard card\nPoints on eligible spending\nOfficial online application subject to screening\nBonus rates require specific conditions\nConfirm revolving-payment and foreign-use fees\nNo annual fee for the standard card; other cards and payment services have separate fees.","url":"/en/products/paypay-card"},{"id":"product:au-pay-card:en","entityId":"product:au-pay-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"au PAY Card","plainText":"No-annual-fee credit card\nNo-annual-fee standard card earning Ponta Points, with au PAY linkage subject to charging and service rules.\nNo annual fee for the standard card\nPoints on eligible spending\nOfficial online application subject to screening\nBonus rates require specific conditions\nConfirm revolving-payment and foreign-use fees\nNo annual fee for the standard card; other cards and payment services have separate fees.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/au-pay-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:au-financial-service"],"families":["family:au-pay-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Financial Service Corporation","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/function/promotion/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"No-annual-fee credit card\nNo-annual-fee standard card earning Ponta Points, with au PAY linkage subject to charging and service rules.\nNo annual fee for the standard card\nPoints on eligible spending\nOfficial online application subject to screening\nBonus rates require specific conditions\nConfirm revolving-payment and foreign-use fees\nNo annual fee for the standard card; other cards and payment services have separate fees.","url":"/en/products/au-pay-card"},{"id":"product:smbc-card-gold-numberless:en","entityId":"product:smbc-card-gold-numberless","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Gold (NL)","plainText":"Fee-waivable gold card\nA gold Visa/Mastercard whose ¥5,500 fee becomes permanently free after ¥1,000,000 of qualifying annual spend, which also earns a 10,000-point yearly bonus.\nPermanent fee waiver after ¥1M qualifying annual spend\n10,000-point bonus each year you reach ¥1M\nDomestic airport lounges and card insurance\nBelow ¥1M spend the fee and 0.5% base are less attractive\nQualifying spend excludes some transactions\n¥5,500 annual fee, permanently waived after ¥1,000,000 of qualifying annual spend.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/smbc-card-gold-numberless","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-card-gold-numberless"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/gold_numberless.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Fee-waivable gold card\nA gold Visa/Mastercard whose ¥5,500 fee becomes permanently free after ¥1,000,000 of qualifying annual spend, which also earns a 10,000-point yearly bonus.\nPermanent fee waiver after ¥1M qualifying annual spend\n10,000-point bonus each year you reach ¥1M\nDomestic airport lounges and card insurance\nBelow ¥1M spend the fee and 0.5% base are less attractive\nQualifying spend excludes some transactions\n¥5,500 annual fee, permanently waived after ¥1,000,000 of qualifying annual spend.","url":"/en/products/smbc-card-gold-numberless"},{"id":"product:smbc-card-platinum-preferred:en","entityId":"product:smbc-card-platinum-preferred","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Platinum Preferred","plainText":"Points-focused platinum card\nA ¥33,000 Visa positioned primarily as a high-return rewards card: about 1% base, elevated rates at preferred merchants and up to 40,000 annual bonus points depending on spend.\nAbout 1% base return with preferred-merchant bonuses\nAnnual bonus points up to 40,000 by spend tier\nConcierge, lounges and travel insurance\nWeighted to points, not unlimited luxury lounge/hotel status\nThe fee needs substantial annual spend to justify\n¥33,000 annual fee; value depends on directing high annual spend to the card.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/smbc-card-platinum-preferred","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-card-platinum-preferred"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/platinum_preferred.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Points-focused platinum card\nA ¥33,000 Visa positioned primarily as a high-return rewards card: about 1% base, elevated rates at preferred merchants and up to 40,000 annual bonus points depending on spend.\nAbout 1% base return with preferred-merchant bonuses\nAnnual bonus points up to 40,000 by spend tier\nConcierge, lounges and travel insurance\nWeighted to points, not unlimited luxury lounge/hotel status\nThe fee needs substantial annual spend to justify\n¥33,000 annual fee; value depends on directing high annual spend to the card.","url":"/en/products/smbc-card-platinum-preferred"},{"id":"product:olive-flexible-pay-gold:en","entityId":"product:olive-flexible-pay-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Olive Flexible Pay Gold","plainText":"All-in-one bank + card gold\nAn SMBC platform that combines credit, debit and point-payment modes with a bank account on a single Visa; the gold tier mirrors Gold (NL) economics — ¥5,500 waived permanently after ¥1M annual spend.\nCredit, debit and point-payment in one Visa\nPermanent fee waiver and 10,000-point bonus at ¥1M\nIntegrated with an SMBC bank account\nBest for customers making SMBC their main bank\nCredit mode has stricter age and review rules\n¥5,500 gold fee, permanently waived after ¥1,000,000 of qualifying annual spend in credit mode.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/olive-flexible-pay-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:olive-flexible-pay-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"All-in-one bank + card gold\nAn SMBC platform that combines credit, debit and point-payment modes with a bank account on a single Visa; the gold tier mirrors Gold (NL) economics — ¥5,500 waived permanently after ¥1M annual spend.\nCredit, debit and point-payment in one Visa\nPermanent fee waiver and 10,000-point bonus at ¥1M\nIntegrated with an SMBC bank account\nBest for customers making SMBC their main bank\nCredit mode has stricter age and review rules\n¥5,500 gold fee, permanently waived after ¥1,000,000 of qualifying annual spend in credit mode.","url":"/en/products/olive-flexible-pay-gold"},{"id":"product:amazon-mastercard:en","entityId":"product:amazon-mastercard","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Amazon Mastercard","plainText":"No-annual-fee co-brand card\nA no-fee Mastercard issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card that earns 2% for Amazon Prime members on Amazon and 1.5% at major convenience stores, with an unusually low overseas fee.\n2% on Amazon for Prime members, 1.5% at major convenience stores\nNo annual fee\nLower overseas processing charge than typical SMBC Mastercard\nOutside Amazon and bonus categories it is a standard ~1% card\nAmazon campaign amounts can be account-specific\nNo annual fee; interest applies only if you use revolving or instalment payments.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/amazon-mastercard","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:amazon-mastercard"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/amazon.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"No-annual-fee co-brand card\nA no-fee Mastercard issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card that earns 2% for Amazon Prime members on Amazon and 1.5% at major convenience stores, with an unusually low overseas fee.\n2% on Amazon for Prime members, 1.5% at major convenience stores\nNo annual fee\nLower overseas processing charge than typical SMBC Mastercard\nOutside Amazon and bonus categories it is a standard ~1% card\nAmazon campaign amounts can be account-specific\nNo annual fee; interest applies only if you use revolving or instalment payments.","url":"/en/products/amazon-mastercard"},{"id":"product:jcb-card-w:en","entityId":"product:jcb-card-w","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB Card W","plainText":"No-annual-fee card for ages 18–39\nA permanently no-fee JCB with enhanced base rewards, open to applicants aged 18–39; the fee stays free after the cardholder turns 40. JCB’s overseas processing charge is comparatively low.\nPermanently no annual fee (apply at 18–39)\nEnhanced JCB base rewards vs ordinary JCB cards\nComparatively low ~1.60% overseas processing charge\nNew applications limited to ages 18–39\nJCB acceptance can be narrower than Visa/Mastercard abroad\nNo annual fee; interest applies only on revolving/instalment use.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-card-w","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-card-w"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JCB","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcb_w.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"No-annual-fee card for ages 18–39\nA permanently no-fee JCB with enhanced base rewards, open to applicants aged 18–39; the fee stays free after the cardholder turns 40. JCB’s overseas processing charge is comparatively low.\nPermanently no annual fee (apply at 18–39)\nEnhanced JCB base rewards vs ordinary JCB cards\nComparatively low ~1.60% overseas processing charge\nNew applications limited to ages 18–39\nJCB acceptance can be narrower than Visa/Mastercard abroad\nNo annual fee; interest applies only on revolving/instalment use.","url":"/en/products/jcb-card-w"},{"id":"product:jcb-gold:en","entityId":"product:jcb-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB Gold","plainText":"Mainstream domestic gold card\nA conventional ¥11,000 gold JCB (first year free for qualifying new online applicants) with domestic airport lounges, insurance and lifestyle discounts; paid LoungeKey access is separate from a full Priority Pass package.\nDomestic airport lounges and travel insurance\nFirst year free for qualifying new online applications\nClub Off-style lifestyle discounts\nModest ~0.5% base reward\nPaid LoungeKey is not a full complimentary Priority Pass\n¥11,000 annual fee; first year can be free for qualifying new online applications.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JCB","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/gold.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Mainstream domestic gold card\nA conventional ¥11,000 gold JCB (first year free for qualifying new online applicants) with domestic airport lounges, insurance and lifestyle discounts; paid LoungeKey access is separate from a full Priority Pass package.\nDomestic airport lounges and travel insurance\nFirst year free for qualifying new online applications\nClub Off-style lifestyle discounts\nModest ~0.5% base reward\nPaid LoungeKey is not a full complimentary Priority Pass\n¥11,000 annual fee; first year can be free for qualifying new online applications.","url":"/en/products/jcb-gold"},{"id":"product:jcb-platinum:en","entityId":"product:jcb-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB Platinum","plainText":"Value-oriented concierge platinum\nAt ¥27,500 one of Japan’s strongest price-to-service platinums, bundling Priority Pass, a 24-hour concierge, the Gourmet Benefit dining offer and travel insurance.\nPriority Pass and 24-hour concierge\nGourmet Benefit dining (1 of 2 diners free on set courses)\nComprehensive travel insurance\nModest ordinary reward rate\nJCB acceptance is less universal overseas\n¥27,500 annual fee; value comes from concierge, dining and lounge use rather than points.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JCB","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/platinum.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Value-oriented concierge platinum\nAt ¥27,500 one of Japan’s strongest price-to-service platinums, bundling Priority Pass, a 24-hour concierge, the Gourmet Benefit dining offer and travel insurance.\nPriority Pass and 24-hour concierge\nGourmet Benefit dining (1 of 2 diners free on set courses)\nComprehensive travel insurance\nModest ordinary reward rate\nJCB acceptance is less universal overseas\n¥27,500 annual fee; value comes from concierge, dining and lounge use rather than points.","url":"/en/products/jcb-platinum"},{"id":"product:rakuten-gold-card:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Gold Card","plainText":"Low-cost ecosystem gold card\nA ¥2,200 gold Rakuten card in an awkward middle tier: low fee and 1% base, but limited lounge and ecosystem advantages over the free Rakuten Card.\n1% base Rakuten Points\nLimited domestic-lounge usage\nLow ¥2,200 fee\nAdvantages over the free card are narrow\nOften the free Rakuten Card is more efficient\n¥2,200 annual fee; benefits over the free card are limited.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-gold-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Low-cost ecosystem gold card\nA ¥2,200 gold Rakuten card in an awkward middle tier: low fee and 1% base, but limited lounge and ecosystem advantages over the free Rakuten Card.\n1% base Rakuten Points\nLimited domestic-lounge usage\nLow ¥2,200 fee\nAdvantages over the free card are narrow\nOften the free Rakuten Card is more efficient\n¥2,200 annual fee; benefits over the free card are limited.","url":"/en/products/rakuten-gold-card"},{"id":"product:rakuten-premium-card:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-premium-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Premium Card","plainText":"Rakuten card with travel features\nAn ¥11,000 Rakuten card with a 1% base, published limit up to ¥3,000,000 and Priority Pass — whose value must be judged under current visit limits rather than older unlimited-use assumptions.\nPriority Pass under current visit rules\n1% base with Rakuten Market bonuses\nPublished limit up to ¥3,000,000\nPriority Pass visits are now capped, not unlimited\nCarrying a revolving balance overwhelms rewards\n¥11,000 annual fee; judge Priority Pass value under current visit limits.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-premium-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-premium-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/premium-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Rakuten card with travel features\nAn ¥11,000 Rakuten card with a 1% base, published limit up to ¥3,000,000 and Priority Pass — whose value must be judged under current visit limits rather than older unlimited-use assumptions.\nPriority Pass under current visit rules\n1% base with Rakuten Market bonuses\nPublished limit up to ¥3,000,000\nPriority Pass visits are now capped, not unlimited\nCarrying a revolving balance overwhelms rewards\n¥11,000 annual fee; judge Priority Pass value under current visit limits.","url":"/en/products/rakuten-premium-card"},{"id":"product:rakuten-black-card:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-black-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Black Card","plainText":"Rakuten top-tier premium card\nAn access-gated ¥33,000 Rakuten premium card with travel, dining, concierge-style and family-card benefits, aimed at very heavy Rakuten spenders.\nPremium travel, dining and concierge-style benefits\nMultiple family cards\nPriority Pass under current terms\nAccess is gated by Premium tenure and high spend\nMeeting the access condition does not guarantee issuance\n¥33,000 annual fee; access is gated and issuance is not guaranteed.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-black-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-black-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/black-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Rakuten top-tier premium card\nAn access-gated ¥33,000 Rakuten premium card with travel, dining, concierge-style and family-card benefits, aimed at very heavy Rakuten spenders.\nPremium travel, dining and concierge-style benefits\nMultiple family cards\nPriority Pass under current terms\nAccess is gated by Premium tenure and high spend\nMeeting the access condition does not guarantee issuance\n¥33,000 annual fee; access is gated and issuance is not guaranteed.","url":"/en/products/rakuten-black-card"},{"id":"product:amex-gold-preferred:en","entityId":"product:amex-gold-preferred","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"American Express Gold Preferred","plainText":"Dining and travel rewards card\nA ¥39,600 Membership Rewards card with two free family cards, dining and hotel credits, insurance and lounge access, and large but conditional welcome offers.\nTwo free family cards\nDining and hotel credits with insurance\nMembership Rewards points, transferable to partners\nHigh ongoing fee; separate welcome from long-term value\nSome benefits require thresholds or advance booking\n¥39,600 annual fee including two free family cards; interest via PayFlex applies only if used.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/amex-gold-preferred","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-gold-preferred"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"American Express International","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/gold-preferred-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Dining and travel rewards card\nA ¥39,600 Membership Rewards card with two free family cards, dining and hotel credits, insurance and lounge access, and large but conditional welcome offers.\nTwo free family cards\nDining and hotel credits with insurance\nMembership Rewards points, transferable to partners\nHigh ongoing fee; separate welcome from long-term value\nSome benefits require thresholds or advance booking\n¥39,600 annual fee including two free family cards; interest via PayFlex applies only if used.","url":"/en/products/amex-gold-preferred"},{"id":"product:amex-platinum:en","entityId":"product:amex-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"American Express Platinum","plainText":"Luxury travel and family-card platinum\nA ¥165,000 platinum with up to four free family cards, the Global Lounge Collection, hotel status, concierge, dining benefits and an ongoing ¥100,000 airline credit.\nGlobal Lounge Collection incl. Centurion Lounges\nHotel status, concierge and dining benefits\nUp to four free family cards + ¥100,000 airline credit\nThe airline credit is not cash and not a sign-up bonus\nJustified only when premium travel services are used\n¥165,000 annual fee including up to four free family cards; strongest for households using premium travel.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/amex-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"American Express International","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/platinum-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Luxury travel and family-card platinum\nA ¥165,000 platinum with up to four free family cards, the Global Lounge Collection, hotel status, concierge, dining benefits and an ongoing ¥100,000 airline credit.\nGlobal Lounge Collection incl. Centurion Lounges\nHotel status, concierge and dining benefits\nUp to four free family cards + ¥100,000 airline credit\nThe airline credit is not cash and not a sign-up bonus\nJustified only when premium travel services are used\n¥165,000 annual fee including up to four free family cards; strongest for households using premium travel.","url":"/en/products/amex-platinum"},{"id":"product:epos-gold-card:en","entityId":"product:epos-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Epos Gold Card","plainText":"Optimizable fee-waivable gold\nA ¥5,000 gold Visa that becomes permanently free by invitation, family-gold referral or ¥500,000 of qualifying annual spend — one of Japan’s most optimizable cards through selected-shop bonuses and annual awards.\nPermanent waiver at just ¥500,000 annual spend\nSelected-shop bonuses (choose 3 categories)\nAnnual-spend point awards and domestic lounges\nOptimizing requires directing spend to selected categories\nSome transactions are excluded from qualifying spend\n¥5,000 annual fee, permanently waived by invitation or after ¥500,000 of qualifying annual spend.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/epos-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:epos-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Epos Card","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/goldcard/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Optimizable fee-waivable gold\nA ¥5,000 gold Visa that becomes permanently free by invitation, family-gold referral or ¥500,000 of qualifying annual spend — one of Japan’s most optimizable cards through selected-shop bonuses and annual awards.\nPermanent waiver at just ¥500,000 annual spend\nSelected-shop bonuses (choose 3 categories)\nAnnual-spend point awards and domestic lounges\nOptimizing requires directing spend to selected categories\nSome transactions are excluded from qualifying spend\n¥5,000 annual fee, permanently waived by invitation or after ¥500,000 of qualifying annual spend.","url":"/en/products/epos-gold-card"},{"id":"product:epos-platinum-card:en","entityId":"product:epos-platinum-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Epos Platinum Card","plainText":"Annual-bonus-optimized platinum\nA Visa platinum: ¥30,000 for direct applicants or ¥20,000 by invitation, with Priority Pass, concierge and annual bonus points starting at 20,000 for ¥1,000,000 of spend.\nPriority Pass and concierge\nAnnual bonus from 20,000 points at ¥1M\nFee can fall to ¥20,000 for invited/high spenders\nBest when annual bonuses offset the fee\nThe annual-bonus program was revised; re-check current terms\n¥30,000 direct or ¥20,000 invited; value depends on annual bonus points.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/epos-platinum-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:epos-platinum-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Epos Card","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/platinumcard/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Annual-bonus-optimized platinum\nA Visa platinum: ¥30,000 for direct applicants or ¥20,000 by invitation, with Priority Pass, concierge and annual bonus points starting at 20,000 for ¥1,000,000 of spend.\nPriority Pass and concierge\nAnnual bonus from 20,000 points at ¥1M\nFee can fall to ¥20,000 for invited/high spenders\nBest when annual bonuses offset the fee\nThe annual-bonus program was revised; re-check current terms\n¥30,000 direct or ¥20,000 invited; value depends on annual bonus points.","url":"/en/products/epos-platinum-card"},{"id":"product:saison-card-digital:en","entityId":"product:saison-card-digital","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saison Card Digital","plainText":"Instant-issue digital card\nA no-annual-fee numberless card with digital details in as little as five minutes and non-expiring Permanent Points; a ¥1,650 service charge applies only after a full measurement period with no use.\nDigital details in as little as five minutes\nPermanent Points that do not expire in normal use\nNumberless physical card, multiple networks\n¥1,650 charge if fully dormant for the measurement period\nBase rate is a modest ~0.5%\nNo annual fee; a ¥1,650 charge applies only if there is no use across a full annual measurement period.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/saison-card-digital","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-card-digital"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/kohyo/creditcard/digital/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Instant-issue digital card\nA no-annual-fee numberless card with digital details in as little as five minutes and non-expiring Permanent Points; a ¥1,650 service charge applies only after a full measurement period with no use.\nDigital details in as little as five minutes\nPermanent Points that do not expire in normal use\nNumberless physical card, multiple networks\n¥1,650 charge if fully dormant for the measurement period\nBase rate is a modest ~0.5%\nNo annual fee; a ¥1,650 charge applies only if there is no use across a full annual measurement period.","url":"/en/products/saison-card-digital"},{"id":"product:saison-gold-premium:en","entityId":"product:saison-gold-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saison Gold Premium","plainText":"Lifestyle-category gold card\nAn ¥11,000 gold card, free the following year after ¥1,000,000 of annual spend, with elevated (capped) rewards on movies, convenience stores and cafés.\nNext year free after ¥1M annual spend\nElevated movie, convenience-store and café rewards\nPermanent Points and lounge benefits\nCategory caps limit the advertised maximum rate\nModel category caps before relying on the headline\n¥11,000 annual fee, free the following year after ¥1,000,000 of qualifying annual spend.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/saison-gold-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-gold-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/kohyo/creditcard/goldpremium/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Lifestyle-category gold card\nAn ¥11,000 gold card, free the following year after ¥1,000,000 of annual spend, with elevated (capped) rewards on movies, convenience stores and cafés.\nNext year free after ¥1M annual spend\nElevated movie, convenience-store and café rewards\nPermanent Points and lounge benefits\nCategory caps limit the advertised maximum rate\nModel category caps before relying on the headline\n¥11,000 annual fee, free the following year after ¥1,000,000 of qualifying annual spend.","url":"/en/products/saison-gold-premium"},{"id":"product:saison-platinum-amex:en","entityId":"product:saison-platinum-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saison Platinum American Express","plainText":"Mid-priced travel platinum\nA ¥33,000 American Express platinum with Priority Pass, concierge, travel and dining services and mileage-conversion options.\nPriority Pass and concierge\nMileage-conversion options (e.g. JAL)\nMid-price platinum positioning\nAmerican Express acceptance is narrower than Visa/Mastercard\nMileage value varies by conversion choice\n¥33,000 annual fee; strong mid-price travel card with mileage options.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/saison-platinum-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-platinum-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/kohyo/creditcard/platinumamex/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Mid-priced travel platinum\nA ¥33,000 American Express platinum with Priority Pass, concierge, travel and dining services and mileage-conversion options.\nPriority Pass and concierge\nMileage-conversion options (e.g. JAL)\nMid-price platinum positioning\nAmerican Express acceptance is narrower than Visa/Mastercard\nMileage value varies by conversion choice\n¥33,000 annual fee; strong mid-price travel card with mileage options.","url":"/en/products/saison-platinum-amex"},{"id":"product:d-card-gold:en","entityId":"product:d-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"d Card GOLD","plainText":"Docomo household gold card\nAn ¥11,000 gold card whose value centers on 10% d POINT on eligible docomo/ahamo charges, plus annual-spend benefits, lounges and enhanced phone protection.\n10% d POINT on eligible docomo charges\nAnnual-spend benefit coupon and lounges\nEnhanced mobile-phone protection\nThe 10% excludes parts of a mobile bill\nIt is a household-bill card, not a blanket 10% card\n¥11,000 annual fee; justified mainly by 10% on eligible docomo charges.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/d-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ntt-docomo"],"families":["family:d-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/gold/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Docomo household gold card\nAn ¥11,000 gold card whose value centers on 10% d POINT on eligible docomo/ahamo charges, plus annual-spend benefits, lounges and enhanced phone protection.\n10% d POINT on eligible docomo charges\nAnnual-spend benefit coupon and lounges\nEnhanced mobile-phone protection\nThe 10% excludes parts of a mobile bill\nIt is a household-bill card, not a blanket 10% card\n¥11,000 annual fee; justified mainly by 10% on eligible docomo charges.","url":"/en/products/d-card-gold"},{"id":"product:d-card-platinum:en","entityId":"product:d-card-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"d Card PLATINUM","plainText":"Heavy-Docomo platinum card\nA ¥29,700 platinum that can earn up to 20% on eligible docomo charges (rate depends on prior monthly shopping), premium lounges and up to ¥200,000 mobile-phone protection.\nUp to 20% on eligible docomo charges\nPremium lounges\nUp to ¥200,000 mobile-phone protection\nThe 20% tier needs high monthly card spend\nHard to justify without heavy docomo and card use\n¥29,700 annual fee; the earn rate on docomo charges depends on prior monthly spend.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/d-card-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ntt-docomo"],"families":["family:d-card-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/platinum/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Heavy-Docomo platinum card\nA ¥29,700 platinum that can earn up to 20% on eligible docomo charges (rate depends on prior monthly shopping), premium lounges and up to ¥200,000 mobile-phone protection.\nUp to 20% on eligible docomo charges\nPremium lounges\nUp to ¥200,000 mobile-phone protection\nThe 20% tier needs high monthly card spend\nHard to justify without heavy docomo and card use\n¥29,700 annual fee; the earn rate on docomo charges depends on prior monthly spend.","url":"/en/products/d-card-platinum"},{"id":"product:au-pay-gold-card:en","entityId":"product:au-pay-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"au PAY Gold Card","plainText":"au/UQ household gold card\nAn ¥11,000 gold card delivering up to 10% on eligible au/UQ mobile charges and up to a combined 5.5% through eligible au PAY funding and payment, plus lounges; ordinary outside spend stays around 1%.\nUp to 10% on eligible au/UQ mobile charges\nUp to 5.5% via eligible au PAY funding + payment\nAirport lounges and insurance\nHeadline rates require ecosystem conditions and caps\nOrdinary outside spend is around 1%\n¥11,000 annual fee; highly competitive inside the au ecosystem.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/au-pay-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:au-financial-service"],"families":["family:au-pay-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Financial Service","url":"https://www.au.com/payment/credit-card/gold/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"au/UQ household gold card\nAn ¥11,000 gold card delivering up to 10% on eligible au/UQ mobile charges and up to a combined 5.5% through eligible au PAY funding and payment, plus lounges; ordinary outside spend stays around 1%.\nUp to 10% on eligible au/UQ mobile charges\nUp to 5.5% via eligible au PAY funding + payment\nAirport lounges and insurance\nHeadline rates require ecosystem conditions and caps\nOrdinary outside spend is around 1%\n¥11,000 annual fee; highly competitive inside the au ecosystem.","url":"/en/products/au-pay-gold-card"},{"id":"product:paypay-card-gold:en","entityId":"product:paypay-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PayPay Card Gold","plainText":"PayPay ecosystem gold card\nAn ¥11,000 gold card that, from June 2, 2026, awards 11,000 annual PayPay Points after ¥1,000,000 of qualifying spend — offsetting the fee at that threshold — plus LYP Premium, lounges and free ETC.\n11,000 annual points after ¥1M offsets the fee\nLYP Premium and airport lounges\nFree ETC card\nMissing the ¥1M threshold sharply reduces value\nSpending exclusions and the membership year matter\n¥11,000 annual fee, effectively offset by 11,000 points at exactly ¥1,000,000 of qualifying annual spend.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/paypay-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:paypay-card"],"families":["family:paypay-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Card","url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/gold/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"PayPay ecosystem gold card\nAn ¥11,000 gold card that, from June 2, 2026, awards 11,000 annual PayPay Points after ¥1,000,000 of qualifying spend — offsetting the fee at that threshold — plus LYP Premium, lounges and free ETC.\n11,000 annual points after ¥1M offsets the fee\nLYP Premium and airport lounges\nFree ETC card\nMissing the ¥1M threshold sharply reduces value\nSpending exclusions and the membership year matter\n¥11,000 annual fee, effectively offset by 11,000 points at exactly ¥1,000,000 of qualifying annual spend.","url":"/en/products/paypay-card-gold"},{"id":"product:aeon-card-select:en","entityId":"product:aeon-card-select","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"AEON Card Select","plainText":"AEON shopping + banking card\nA no-fee card that combines an AEON credit card, WAON e-money and an AEON Bank account, with Customer Appreciation Day discounts and WAON auto-charge.\n0.5% generally, 1% at eligible AEON group merchants\n5% discount on Customer Appreciation Day\nWAON auto-charge and AEON Bank benefits\nStrongest for planned AEON shopping\nBase rate is modest outside AEON\nNo annual fee; strongest for regular AEON shoppers.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/aeon-card-select","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-select"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/aeoncardselect/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"AEON shopping + banking card\nA no-fee card that combines an AEON credit card, WAON e-money and an AEON Bank account, with Customer Appreciation Day discounts and WAON auto-charge.\n0.5% generally, 1% at eligible AEON group merchants\n5% discount on Customer Appreciation Day\nWAON auto-charge and AEON Bank benefits\nStrongest for planned AEON shopping\nBase rate is modest outside AEON\nNo annual fee; strongest for regular AEON shoppers.","url":"/en/products/aeon-card-select"},{"id":"product:aeon-gold-card:en","entityId":"product:aeon-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"AEON Gold Card","plainText":"Free invitation-based gold card\nA gold card that is free once issued, adding domestic airport lounges and travel insurance; it is generally an invitation or upgrade product for existing heavy AEON customers.\nNo annual fee once issued\nDomestic airport lounges and travel insurance\nFree enhancement for heavy AEON customers\nInvitation/upgrade only, not open to all applicants\nValue depends on being an existing AEON user\nNo annual fee once issued; typically an invitation or upgrade product.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/aeon-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/goldcard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Free invitation-based gold card\nA gold card that is free once issued, adding domestic airport lounges and travel insurance; it is generally an invitation or upgrade product for existing heavy AEON customers.\nNo annual fee once issued\nDomestic airport lounges and travel insurance\nFree enhancement for heavy AEON customers\nInvitation/upgrade only, not open to all applicants\nValue depends on being an existing AEON user\nNo annual fee once issued; typically an invitation or upgrade product.","url":"/en/products/aeon-gold-card"},{"id":"product:orico-card-the-point:en","entityId":"product:orico-card-the-point","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Orico Card THE POINT","plainText":"Straightforward 1% no-fee card\nOne of the cleanest no-fee reward cards: 1 Orico Point per ¥100, doubled to 2% for the first six months up to ¥500,000 of qualifying spend, with Orico Mall uplifts and broad conversion options.\n1% base, 2% for the first six months\nOrico Mall bonuses\nConvert to Amazon balance, miles and partners\nPoints need active conversion management\nPoints have program expiration rules\nNo annual fee; 1% base with a 2% introductory period (six months, up to ¥500,000).","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/orico-card-the-point","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:orico-card-the-point"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/the-point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Straightforward 1% no-fee card\nOne of the cleanest no-fee reward cards: 1 Orico Point per ¥100, doubled to 2% for the first six months up to ¥500,000 of qualifying spend, with Orico Mall uplifts and broad conversion options.\n1% base, 2% for the first six months\nOrico Mall bonuses\nConvert to Amazon balance, miles and partners\nPoints need active conversion management\nPoints have program expiration rules\nNo annual fee; 1% base with a 2% introductory period (six months, up to ¥500,000).","url":"/en/products/orico-card-the-point"},{"id":"product:orico-the-point-premium-gold:en","entityId":"product:orico-the-point-premium-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Orico Card THE POINT PREMIUM GOLD","plainText":"Low-fee electronic-money gold\nFor ¥1,986 it keeps the 1% base and six-month 2% offer while adding 1% at Orico Mall and 0.5% on eligible iD/QUICPay use; among the least expensive cards branded “Gold.”\n1% base plus six-month 2% offer\n1% Orico Mall, 0.5% on iD/QUICPay\nVery low ¥1,986 gold fee\nDoes not match ¥11k–¥30k premium lounge/insurance\nPoints still need conversion management\n¥1,986 annual fee; one of the least expensive Gold cards.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/orico-the-point-premium-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:orico-the-point-premium-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/the-point-premium-gold/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Low-fee electronic-money gold\nFor ¥1,986 it keeps the 1% base and six-month 2% offer while adding 1% at Orico Mall and 0.5% on eligible iD/QUICPay use; among the least expensive cards branded “Gold.”\n1% base plus six-month 2% offer\n1% Orico Mall, 0.5% on iD/QUICPay\nVery low ¥1,986 gold fee\nDoes not match ¥11k–¥30k premium lounge/insurance\nPoints still need conversion management\n¥1,986 annual fee; one of the least expensive Gold cards.","url":"/en/products/orico-the-point-premium-gold"},{"id":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card:en","entityId":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card","plainText":"No-fee bank-group card\nA no-fee card earning about 0.5% base that can reach up to 20% at selected stores when MUFG bank-account, app and merchant conditions align; strongest for MUFG-group customers.\nNo annual fee\nUp to 20% at selected stores under multiple conditions\nMUFG bank and group integration\nBase rate is only ~0.5%\nThe 20% figure requires several stacked conditions\nNo annual fee; best for MUFG account and selected-store users.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mitsubishi-ufj-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"No-fee bank-group card\nA no-fee card earning about 0.5% base that can reach up to 20% at selected stores when MUFG bank-account, app and merchant conditions align; strongest for MUFG-group customers.\nNo annual fee\nUp to 20% at selected stores under multiple conditions\nMUFG bank and group integration\nBase rate is only ~0.5%\nThe 20% figure requires several stacked conditions\nNo annual fee; best for MUFG account and selected-store users.","url":"/en/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card"},{"id":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige:en","entityId":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card Gold Prestige","plainText":"MUFG-ecosystem gold card\nAn ¥11,000 gold card (first year free for eligible web applications) with domestic airport lounges, insurance, securities-investment rewards and MUFG selected-store bonuses.\nDomestic airport lounges and insurance\nFirst year free for eligible web applications\nMUFG securities and selected-store rewards\nValue depends on using MUFG Bank and group services\nOtherwise a fee-waivable SMBC/Epos gold may be cheaper\n¥11,000 annual fee; first year free for eligible web applications.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/lineup/goldprestige/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"MUFG-ecosystem gold card\nAn ¥11,000 gold card (first year free for eligible web applications) with domestic airport lounges, insurance, securities-investment rewards and MUFG selected-store bonuses.\nDomestic airport lounges and insurance\nFirst year free for eligible web applications\nMUFG securities and selected-store rewards\nValue depends on using MUFG Bank and group services\nOtherwise a fee-waivable SMBC/Epos gold may be cheaper\n¥11,000 annual fee; first year free for eligible web applications.","url":"/en/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige"},{"id":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex:en","entityId":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card Platinum American Express","plainText":"Low-fee full-service platinum\nAt ¥22,000 with one free family card, among Japan’s lowest-cost cards offering a conventional platinum mix of Priority Pass, concierge, dining benefit and insurance.\nPriority Pass and 24-hour concierge\nDining benefit and comprehensive insurance\nOne free family card\nLow ordinary reward rate\nAmerican Express acceptance is narrower\n¥22,000 annual fee including one free family card; a service-value platinum, not a points card.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/lineup/platinum_amex/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Low-fee full-service platinum\nAt ¥22,000 with one free family card, among Japan’s lowest-cost cards offering a conventional platinum mix of Priority Pass, concierge, dining benefit and insurance.\nPriority Pass and 24-hour concierge\nDining benefit and comprehensive insurance\nOne free family card\nLow ordinary reward rate\nAmerican Express acceptance is narrower\n¥22,000 annual fee including one free family card; a service-value platinum, not a points card.","url":"/en/products/mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex"},{"id":"product:view-card-standard:en","entityId":"product:view-card-standard","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"View Card","plainText":"JR East / Suica commuter card\nA ¥524 card whose value comes from Mobile Suica, JR East ticketing and JRE POINT multipliers rather than ordinary 0.5% spending; a specialist commuter card.\nJRE POINT on Mobile Suica charge and JR East travel\nSuica commuter-pass and ticketing integration\nLow ¥524 fee\nLimited value outside JR East territory\nOrdinary shopping rate is only ~0.5%\n¥524 annual fee; a specialist Suica/JR East commuter card.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/view-card-standard","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:view-card-standard"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"JR East / Suica commuter card\nA ¥524 card whose value comes from Mobile Suica, JR East ticketing and JRE POINT multipliers rather than ordinary 0.5% spending; a specialist commuter card.\nJRE POINT on Mobile Suica charge and JR East travel\nSuica commuter-pass and ticketing integration\nLow ¥524 fee\nLimited value outside JR East territory\nOrdinary shopping rate is only ~0.5%\n¥524 annual fee; a specialist Suica/JR East commuter card.","url":"/en/products/view-card-standard"},{"id":"product:jre-card:en","entityId":"product:jre-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JRE CARD","plainText":"Station-building shopping card\nA View card, first year free then ¥524, returning up to 3.5% at eligible JRE Card preferred station-building stores while also benefiting Suica and JR East use.\nUp to 3.5% at eligible station-building stores\nSuica and JR East travel benefits\nFirst year free\nGeographic and merchant concentration\nTerms were scheduled to change from Sep 1, 2026\nFirst year free, then ¥524; up to 3.5% at eligible station-building stores.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jre-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:jre-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Viewcard (JR East)","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/jrecard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Station-building shopping card\nA View card, first year free then ¥524, returning up to 3.5% at eligible JRE Card preferred station-building stores while also benefiting Suica and JR East use.\nUp to 3.5% at eligible station-building stores\nSuica and JR East travel benefits\nFirst year free\nGeographic and merchant concentration\nTerms were scheduled to change from Sep 1, 2026\nFirst year free, then ¥524; up to 3.5% at eligible station-building stores.","url":"/en/products/jre-card"},{"id":"product:view-gold-plus-card:en","entityId":"product:view-gold-plus-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"View Gold Plus Card","plainText":"Premium JR East travel gold\nAn ¥11,000 gold View card adding JR East travel bonuses (e.g. Shinkansen), airport lounges, insurance and annual-spend benefits; strong for frequent JR East and Shinkansen travel.\nJR East travel and Shinkansen bonuses\nAirport lounges and annual-spend benefits\nInsurance package\nNot a superior general-purpose gold outside JR East\nValue depends on frequent rail travel\n¥11,000 annual fee; best for frequent JR East and Shinkansen travellers.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/view-gold-plus-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:view-gold-plus-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Viewcard (JR East)","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/goldplus/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Premium JR East travel gold\nAn ¥11,000 gold View card adding JR East travel bonuses (e.g. Shinkansen), airport lounges, insurance and annual-spend benefits; strong for frequent JR East and Shinkansen travel.\nJR East travel and Shinkansen bonuses\nAirport lounges and annual-spend benefits\nInsurance package\nNot a superior general-purpose gold outside JR East\nValue depends on frequent rail travel\n¥11,000 annual fee; best for frequent JR East and Shinkansen travellers.","url":"/en/products/view-gold-plus-card"},{"id":"product:jal-card:en","entityId":"product:jal-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Card (Regular)","plainText":"Entry JAL mileage card\nAn airline card (first year free, then ¥2,200; the American Express variant costs ¥6,600) earning JAL miles with an initial-flight bonus, 10% boarding bonus and JAL Card Mile Plus; issuer, insurance and fees vary by partner.\nInitial-flight and 10% boarding bonuses\nJAL Card Mile Plus on eligible spend\nOptional Shopping Mile Premium upgrade\nAmex and Suica variants have different fees\nDelivery is commonly around three weeks\nFirst year free, then ¥2,200 (¥6,600 for the American Express variant).","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JAL Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jalcard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Entry JAL mileage card\nAn airline card (first year free, then ¥2,200; the American Express variant costs ¥6,600) earning JAL miles with an initial-flight bonus, 10% boarding bonus and JAL Card Mile Plus; issuer, insurance and fees vary by partner.\nInitial-flight and 10% boarding bonuses\nJAL Card Mile Plus on eligible spend\nOptional Shopping Mile Premium upgrade\nAmex and Suica variants have different fees\nDelivery is commonly around three weeks\nFirst year free, then ¥2,200 (¥6,600 for the American Express variant).","url":"/en/products/jal-card"},{"id":"product:jal-club-a-gold:en","entityId":"product:jal-club-a-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL CLUB-A Gold Card","plainText":"Frequent-flyer JAL gold card\nA JAL gold card, mainstream fee ¥17,600 (¥20,900 for Suica/Amex variants, ¥34,100 for Diners), with a 25% flight bonus, enhanced shopping miles and issuer-dependent lounge/insurance.\n25% flight bonus\nEnhanced shopping-mile economics\nIssuer-dependent lounge and insurance\nChoose the variant by network, Suica, lounge and FX\nFees differ across variants\n¥17,600 mainstream (¥20,900 Suica/Amex; ¥34,100 Diners); 25% flight bonus.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-club-a-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-club-a-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JAL Card","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jalcard/lineup/clubagold.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Frequent-flyer JAL gold card\nA JAL gold card, mainstream fee ¥17,600 (¥20,900 for Suica/Amex variants, ¥34,100 for Diners), with a 25% flight bonus, enhanced shopping miles and issuer-dependent lounge/insurance.\n25% flight bonus\nEnhanced shopping-mile economics\nIssuer-dependent lounge and insurance\nChoose the variant by network, Suica, lounge and FX\nFees differ across variants\n¥17,600 mainstream (¥20,900 Suica/Amex; ¥34,100 Diners); 25% flight bonus.","url":"/en/products/jal-club-a-gold"},{"id":"product:jal-platinum:en","entityId":"product:jal-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Platinum Card","plainText":"Premium JAL international card\nA JAL platinum (JCB and American Express variants around ¥34,100) combining premium JAL airfare bonuses with concierge, a lounge package and insurance; for frequent international JAL travelers.\nConcierge and Priority Pass / lounge package\nPremium JAL airfare bonuses\nComprehensive insurance\nAward availability and surcharges reduce mile value\nBest for frequent premium-cabin redemptions\nAround ¥34,100 (JCB/Amex variants); for frequent international JAL travel.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JAL Card","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jalcard/lineup/platinum.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Premium JAL international card\nA JAL platinum (JCB and American Express variants around ¥34,100) combining premium JAL airfare bonuses with concierge, a lounge package and insurance; for frequent international JAL travelers.\nConcierge and Priority Pass / lounge package\nPremium JAL airfare bonuses\nComprehensive insurance\nAward availability and surcharges reduce mile value\nBest for frequent premium-cabin redemptions\nAround ¥34,100 (JCB/Amex variants); for frequent international JAL travel.","url":"/en/products/jal-platinum"},{"id":"product:ana-general-card:en","entityId":"product:ana-general-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa/Master General Card","plainText":"Entry ANA mileage card\nAn ANA co-brand card (¥2,200 after a free first year) with a 1,000-mile joining bonus, 10% boarding bonus and ANA Card Mile Plus; the true shopping return depends on the mile-conversion course.\n1,000-mile joining bonus and 10% boarding bonus\nANA Card Mile Plus on eligible spend\nFirst year free\nShopping return depends on the mile-conversion course/fee\nAn entry airline card, not a top general-spend card\n¥2,200 after a free first year; standard 1,000-mile joining bonus.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-general-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-general-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd. (ANA co-brand)","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/reference/tameru/card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Entry ANA mileage card\nAn ANA co-brand card (¥2,200 after a free first year) with a 1,000-mile joining bonus, 10% boarding bonus and ANA Card Mile Plus; the true shopping return depends on the mile-conversion course.\n1,000-mile joining bonus and 10% boarding bonus\nANA Card Mile Plus on eligible spend\nFirst year free\nShopping return depends on the mile-conversion course/fee\nAn entry airline card, not a top general-spend card\n¥2,200 after a free first year; standard 1,000-mile joining bonus.","url":"/en/products/ana-general-card"},{"id":"product:ana-wide-gold-card:en","entityId":"product:ana-wide-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa/Master Wide Gold Card","plainText":"Frequent-flyer ANA gold card\nAn ¥15,400 ANA gold card with a 2,000-mile joining bonus, 25% boarding bonus, lounges, insurance and stronger mile-conversion economics than the general card.\n2,000-mile joining and 25% boarding bonus\nAirport lounges and insurance\nStronger mile-conversion economics\nBest with meaningful ANA flight activity\nInfrequent flyers may prefer flexible points/cashback\n¥15,400 annual fee; 2,000-mile joining bonus and 25% boarding bonus.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-wide-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-wide-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANA (issued by Sumitomo Mitsui Card)","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/reference/tameru/card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Frequent-flyer ANA gold card\nAn ¥15,400 ANA gold card with a 2,000-mile joining bonus, 25% boarding bonus, lounges, insurance and stronger mile-conversion economics than the general card.\n2,000-mile joining and 25% boarding bonus\nAirport lounges and insurance\nStronger mile-conversion economics\nBest with meaningful ANA flight activity\nInfrequent flyers may prefer flexible points/cashback\n¥15,400 annual fee; 2,000-mile joining bonus and 25% boarding bonus.","url":"/en/products/ana-wide-gold-card"},{"id":"product:diners-club-card:en","entityId":"product:diners-club-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Diners Club Card","plainText":"Dining and travel charge card\nA ¥29,700 Diners Club card known for strong dining, travel and lounge services and an individualized spending limit rather than a uniform published ceiling; better as part of a multi-card wallet.\nStrong dining and travel privileges\nAirport lounges\nIndividualized (not preset) spending limit\nDiners acceptance is narrower than Visa/Mastercard\nBest as part of a multi-card wallet\n¥29,700 annual fee; strong dining, travel and lounge services.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/diners-club-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:diners-club-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/card/lineup/diners_club_card.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Dining and travel charge card\nA ¥29,700 Diners Club card known for strong dining, travel and lounge services and an individualized spending limit rather than a uniform published ceiling; better as part of a multi-card wallet.\nStrong dining and travel privileges\nAirport lounges\nIndividualized (not preset) spending limit\nDiners acceptance is narrower than Visa/Mastercard\nBest as part of a multi-card wallet\n¥29,700 annual fee; strong dining, travel and lounge services.","url":"/en/products/diners-club-card"},{"id":"product:diners-club-premium:en","entityId":"product:diners-club-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Diners Club Premium","plainText":"Ultra-premium dining and travel\nAn invitation ¥165,000 card with free family cards, premium concierge, dining, lounge and travel services and no uniform preset spending limit; for customers valuing service access over transparent cash return.\nPremium concierge, dining, lounges and travel\nFree family cards\nNo uniform preset spending limit\nInvitation-only; criteria are not public\nThe fee requires sustained premium-benefit use\n¥165,000 annual fee including free family cards; invitation product.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/diners-club-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:diners-club-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/card/lineup/premium.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Ultra-premium dining and travel\nAn invitation ¥165,000 card with free family cards, premium concierge, dining, lounge and travel services and no uniform preset spending limit; for customers valuing service access over transparent cash return.\nPremium concierge, dining, lounges and travel\nFree family cards\nNo uniform preset spending limit\nInvitation-only; criteria are not public\nThe fee requires sustained premium-benefit use\n¥165,000 annual fee including free family cards; invitation product.","url":"/en/products/diners-club-premium"},{"id":"product:luxury-card-titanium:en","entityId":"product:luxury-card-titanium","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Luxury Card Mastercard Titanium","plainText":"Entry metal premium card\nA ¥55,000 metal Mastercard earning around 1%, with concierge, dining and travel benefits and cashback generally redeemable at 1 point = ¥1; the lowest-cost entry to the Luxury Card lineup.\nMetal card with concierge\nDining and travel benefits\n~1% with 1 point = ¥1 cashback route\nExpensive vs JCB/MUFG platinum\nValue needs actual benefit use\n¥55,000 annual fee; entry metal premium card.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/luxury-card-titanium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:luxury-card-titanium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Aplus Co., Ltd. (Luxury Card)","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/card/titanium/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Entry metal premium card\nA ¥55,000 metal Mastercard earning around 1%, with concierge, dining and travel benefits and cashback generally redeemable at 1 point = ¥1; the lowest-cost entry to the Luxury Card lineup.\nMetal card with concierge\nDining and travel benefits\n~1% with 1 point = ¥1 cashback route\nExpensive vs JCB/MUFG platinum\nValue needs actual benefit use\n¥55,000 annual fee; entry metal premium card.","url":"/en/products/luxury-card-titanium"},{"id":"product:luxury-card-black:en","entityId":"product:luxury-card-black","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Luxury Card Mastercard Black","plainText":"Concierge and networking premium\nA ¥110,000 World Elite Mastercard raising the public base return to about 1.25%, with enhanced concierge, dining, limousine and networking benefits and metal construction.\n~1.25% base return\nEnhanced concierge, dining and limousine benefits\nWorld Elite Mastercard, metal card\n1.25% alone cannot justify the fee\nValue comes from substantial benefit use\n¥110,000 annual fee; ~1.25% base plus premium services.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/luxury-card-black","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:luxury-card-black"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Luxury Card (Aplus)","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/card/black/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Concierge and networking premium\nA ¥110,000 World Elite Mastercard raising the public base return to about 1.25%, with enhanced concierge, dining, limousine and networking benefits and metal construction.\n~1.25% base return\nEnhanced concierge, dining and limousine benefits\nWorld Elite Mastercard, metal card\n1.25% alone cannot justify the fee\nValue comes from substantial benefit use\n¥110,000 annual fee; ~1.25% base plus premium services.","url":"/en/products/luxury-card-black"},{"id":"product:luxury-card-gold:en","entityId":"product:luxury-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Luxury Card Mastercard Gold","plainText":"Ultra-premium rewards and status\nA ¥220,000 gold-finished metal Mastercard with the lineup’s highest public base return (about 1.5%) and expanded premium services; the most expensive card in this research set.\nHighest public base return (~1.5%)\nGold-finished metal card\nExpanded premium services\nEven high spend cannot offset the fee via rewards alone\nStatus, concierge and travel value must justify it\n¥220,000 annual fee; the most expensive card in this set.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/luxury-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:luxury-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Luxury Card (Aplus)","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/card/gold/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Ultra-premium rewards and status\nA ¥220,000 gold-finished metal Mastercard with the lineup’s highest public base return (about 1.5%) and expanded premium services; the most expensive card in this research set.\nHighest public base return (~1.5%)\nGold-finished metal card\nExpanded premium services\nEven high spend cannot offset the fee via rewards alone\nStatus, concierge and travel value must justify it\n¥220,000 annual fee; the most expensive card in this set.","url":"/en/products/luxury-card-gold"},{"id":"product:olive-flexible-pay:en","entityId":"product:olive-flexible-pay","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Olive Flexible Pay","plainText":"All-in-one account card (general rank)\nSMBC’s Olive all-in-one card, where one card switches between debit, credit and points modes and links to an SMBC bank account. The general rank has no annual fee and earns V Points.\nOne card switches debit / credit / points modes\nNo annual fee for the general rank\nSelectable benefits and touch-payment point uplifts\nPoint uplifts require the stated merchants and payment method\nValue is tied to using the linked SMBC account and app\nNo annual fee for the general rank; higher ranks carry their own fees.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/olive-flexible-pay","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:olive-flexible-pay"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"All-in-one account card (general rank)\nSMBC’s Olive all-in-one card, where one card switches between debit, credit and points modes and links to an SMBC bank account. The general rank has no annual fee and earns V Points.\nOne card switches debit / credit / points modes\nNo annual fee for the general rank\nSelectable benefits and touch-payment point uplifts\nPoint uplifts require the stated merchants and payment method\nValue is tied to using the linked SMBC account and app\nNo annual fee for the general rank; higher ranks carry their own fees.","url":"/en/products/olive-flexible-pay"},{"id":"product:smbc-card-platinum:en","entityId":"product:smbc-card-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Platinum","plainText":"Service-led platinum card\nSMBC’s flagship Visa Platinum, positioned on premium services — concierge, airport lounges and comprehensive travel insurance — rather than on reward rate. A high annual fee applies.\nConcierge and premium travel services\nAirport lounges and comprehensive travel insurance\nEarns V Points\nHigh annual fee needs the services to justify it\nWeighted to service, not to a high base reward rate\n¥55,000 including tax for the primary card; value comes from premium services.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/smbc-card-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-card-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/platinum.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Service-led platinum card\nSMBC’s flagship Visa Platinum, positioned on premium services — concierge, airport lounges and comprehensive travel insurance — rather than on reward rate. A high annual fee applies.\nConcierge and premium travel services\nAirport lounges and comprehensive travel insurance\nEarns V Points\nHigh annual fee needs the services to justify it\nWeighted to service, not to a high base reward rate\n¥55,000 including tax for the primary card; value comes from premium services.","url":"/en/products/smbc-card-platinum"},{"id":"product:jcb-card-w-plus-l:en","entityId":"product:jcb-card-w-plus-l","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB Card W plus L","plainText":"No-fee card for ages 18–39 with add-on benefits\nThe JCB Card W variant that adds optional women-oriented insurance and benefit programs on top of the same permanently free, enhanced-rewards base; new applications are limited to ages 18–39.\nPermanently no annual fee (apply at 18–39)\nEnhanced JCB base rewards, same as JCB Card W\nOptional add-on insurance and benefit programs\nNew applications limited to ages 18–39\nAdd-on programs may carry their own monthly charge\nNo annual fee for the card; optional add-on programs may carry their own charge.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-card-w-plus-l","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-card-w-plus-l"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JCB","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcb_w_plus_l.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"No-fee card for ages 18–39 with add-on benefits\nThe JCB Card W variant that adds optional women-oriented insurance and benefit programs on top of the same permanently free, enhanced-rewards base; new applications are limited to ages 18–39.\nPermanently no annual fee (apply at 18–39)\nEnhanced JCB base rewards, same as JCB Card W\nOptional add-on insurance and benefit programs\nNew applications limited to ages 18–39\nAdd-on programs may carry their own monthly charge\nNo annual fee for the card; optional add-on programs may carry their own charge.","url":"/en/products/jcb-card-w-plus-l"},{"id":"product:rakuten-pink-card:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-pink-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten PINK Card","plainText":"No-fee card with optional add-on benefits\nA Rakuten Card variant that keeps the same no-fee, Rakuten-Points base as the standard card and adds optional paid benefit programs — a custom-design service, lifestyle discounts and women-oriented insurance.\nNo annual fee for the base card\nEarns Rakuten Points, same as the standard card\nOptional add-on benefit and insurance programs\nAdd-on programs carry their own monthly charge\nBase earning matches the standard Rakuten Card\nNo annual fee for the base card; optional add-on programs carry their own charge.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-pink-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-pink-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-pink-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"No-fee card with optional add-on benefits\nA Rakuten Card variant that keeps the same no-fee, Rakuten-Points base as the standard card and adds optional paid benefit programs — a custom-design service, lifestyle discounts and women-oriented insurance.\nNo annual fee for the base card\nEarns Rakuten Points, same as the standard card\nOptional add-on benefit and insurance programs\nAdd-on programs carry their own monthly charge\nBase earning matches the standard Rakuten Card\nNo annual fee for the base card; optional add-on programs carry their own charge.","url":"/en/products/rakuten-pink-card"},{"id":"product:aeon-card-waon:en","entityId":"product:aeon-card-waon","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"AEON Card (WAON integrated)","plainText":"No-fee card with integrated WAON e-money\nA no-annual-fee AEON card that combines credit, a cash card function and WAON e-money in one card, earning WAON POINT and offering AEON-group shopping-day discounts.\nNo annual fee\nIntegrated WAON e-money and cash-card function\nAEON-group shopping-day discounts\nBenefits are strongest for AEON-group shoppers\nPoint uplifts require the stated days and merchants\nNo annual fee.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/aeon-card-waon","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-waon"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/aeoncardwaon/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"No-fee card with integrated WAON e-money\nA no-annual-fee AEON card that combines credit, a cash card function and WAON e-money in one card, earning WAON POINT and offering AEON-group shopping-day discounts.\nNo annual fee\nIntegrated WAON e-money and cash-card function\nAEON-group shopping-day discounts\nBenefits are strongest for AEON-group shoppers\nPoint uplifts require the stated days and merchants\nNo annual fee.","url":"/en/products/aeon-card-waon"},{"id":"product:view-suica-card:en","entityId":"product:view-suica-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"\"View Suica\" Card","plainText":"Suica-integrated commuter card\nJR East’s flagship View card with an integrated Suica: it auto-charges Suica, earns JRE POINT at a higher rate on Suica charge and JR East services, and holds commuter passes. An annual fee applies.\nIntegrated Suica with auto-charge\nHigher JRE POINT on Suica charge and JR East services\nHolds commuter passes on the card\nAn annual fee applies, unlike no-fee general cards\nValue is highest for JR East / Suica users\nAn annual fee applies; verify the current amount on the product page.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/view-suica-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:view-suica-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Viewcard (JR East)","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/type/viewsuica/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Suica-integrated commuter card\nJR East’s flagship View card with an integrated Suica: it auto-charges Suica, earns JRE POINT at a higher rate on Suica charge and JR East services, and holds commuter passes. An annual fee applies.\nIntegrated Suica with auto-charge\nHigher JRE POINT on Suica charge and JR East services\nHolds commuter passes on the card\nAn annual fee applies, unlike no-fee general cards\nValue is highest for JR East / Suica users\nAn annual fee applies; verify the current amount on the product page.","url":"/en/products/view-suica-card"},{"id":"product:jal-card-suica:en","entityId":"product:jal-card-suica","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Card Suica","plainText":"Airline card with integrated Suica\nA JAL Card issued with JR East that combines JAL Mileage Bank mile-earning with an integrated Suica, letting cardholders earn JAL miles and, via JRE POINT, top up Suica. An annual fee applies.\nEarns JAL Mileage Bank miles\nIntegrated Suica with JRE POINT top-up\nOptional shopping-mile program for a higher earn rate\nAn annual fee applies; the shopping-mile program costs extra\nBest for people who both fly JAL and use Suica\nAn annual fee applies; an optional shopping-mile program costs extra. Verify current amounts.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-card-suica","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-card-suica"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JAL Card","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jalcard/lineup/suica.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Airline card with integrated Suica\nA JAL Card issued with JR East that combines JAL Mileage Bank mile-earning with an integrated Suica, letting cardholders earn JAL miles and, via JRE POINT, top up Suica. An annual fee applies.\nEarns JAL Mileage Bank miles\nIntegrated Suica with JRE POINT top-up\nOptional shopping-mile program for a higher earn rate\nAn annual fee applies; the shopping-mile program costs extra\nBest for people who both fly JAL and use Suica\nAn annual fee applies; an optional shopping-mile program costs extra. Verify current amounts.","url":"/en/products/jal-card-suica"},{"id":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso:en","entityId":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card VIASO","plainText":"No-fee card with automatic cashback\nA no-annual-fee Mitsubishi UFJ Mastercard whose Global Points are automatically converted to a statement cashback once a year, so points never need manual redemption or expire unused.\nNo annual fee\nAutomatic once-a-year cashback of accumulated points\nHigher earn at some registered mobile/ISP partners\nAuto-cashback requires reaching the stated minimum points\nBase rate is modest outside partner uplifts\nNo annual fee; accumulated points auto-convert to a cashback once a year.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/viaso/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"No-fee card with automatic cashback\nA no-annual-fee Mitsubishi UFJ Mastercard whose Global Points are automatically converted to a statement cashback once a year, so points never need manual redemption or expire unused.\nNo annual fee\nAutomatic once-a-year cashback of accumulated points\nHigher earn at some registered mobile/ISP partners\nAuto-cashback requires reaching the stated minimum points\nBase rate is modest outside partner uplifts\nNo annual fee; accumulated points auto-convert to a cashback once a year.","url":"/en/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso"},{"id":"product:jcb-general-partner-with-point:en","entityId":"product:jcb-general-partner-with-point","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB General / Partner With Point","plainText":"retail card\nJCB General / Partner With Point is a retail card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥1,375 including tax\nEarns J-POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-general-partner-with-point","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-general-partner-with-point"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/pwp.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/lineup/?3000_3010=1","official":true},{"publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nJCB General / Partner With Point is a retail card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥1,375 including tax\nEarns J-POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","url":"/en/products/jcb-general-partner-with-point"},{"id":"product:jcb-linda:en","entityId":"product:jcb-linda","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB LINDA","plainText":"everyday card\nJCB LINDA is a everyday card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns J-POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on JCB\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-linda","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-linda"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/linda.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/lineup/?3000_3010=1","official":true},{"publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"everyday card\nJCB LINDA is a everyday card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns J-POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on JCB\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","url":"/en/products/jcb-linda"},{"id":"product:jcb-card-r:en","entityId":"product:jcb-card-r","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB Card R","plainText":"everyday card\nJCB Card R is a everyday card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 2% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns J-POINT at about 2% base rate\nAvailable on JCB\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-card-r","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-card-r"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/card_r.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/lineup/?3000_3010=1","official":true},{"publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"everyday card\nJCB Card R is a everyday card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 2% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns J-POINT at about 2% base rate\nAvailable on JCB\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/jcb-card-r"},{"id":"product:saison-pearl-amex-digital:en","entityId":"product:saison-pearl-amex-digital","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saison Pearl Amex Digital","plainText":"telecom and mobile-payment card\nSaison Pearl Amex Digital is a telecom and mobile-payment card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,100 including tax\nEarns Permanent Points at about 0.5% base rate\nETC available\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,100 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/saison-pearl-amex-digital","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-pearl-amex-digital"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/pearl/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/pearl/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"telecom and mobile-payment card\nSaison Pearl Amex Digital is a telecom and mobile-payment card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,100 including tax\nEarns Permanent Points at about 0.5% base rate\nETC available\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,100 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","url":"/en/products/saison-pearl-amex-digital"},{"id":"product:saison-gold-american-express-card:en","entityId":"product:saison-gold-american-express-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saison Gold American Express Card","plainText":"Gold travel card\nSaison Gold American Express Card is a Gold travel card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.75% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Permanent Points at about 0.75% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/saison-gold-american-express-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-gold-american-express-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/gold/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/gold/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold travel card\nSaison Gold American Express Card is a Gold travel card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.75% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Permanent Points at about 0.75% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/saison-gold-american-express-card"},{"id":"product:saison-rose-gold-american-express-card:en","entityId":"product:saison-rose-gold-american-express-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saison Rose Gold American Express Card","plainText":"Gold travel card\nSaison Rose Gold American Express Card is a Gold travel card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.75% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Permanent Points at about 0.75% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/saison-rose-gold-american-express-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-rose-gold-american-express-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/rose/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/rosegold/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold travel card\nSaison Rose Gold American Express Card is a Gold travel card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.75% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Permanent Points at about 0.75% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/saison-rose-gold-american-express-card"},{"id":"product:gold-card-saison:en","entityId":"product:gold-card-saison","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Gold Card Saison","plainText":"Gold travel card\nGold Card Saison is a Gold travel card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Permanent Points at about 0.5% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/gold-card-saison","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:gold-card-saison"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=gold","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/006/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold travel card\nGold Card Saison is a Gold travel card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Permanent Points at about 0.5% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","url":"/en/products/gold-card-saison"},{"id":"product:saison-gold-associe-amex:en","entityId":"product:saison-gold-associe-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saison Gold Associe Amex","plainText":"Gold everyday card\nSaison Gold Associe Amex is a Gold everyday card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.75% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns Permanent Points at about 0.75% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: Existing eligible Saison member; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/saison-gold-associe-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-gold-associe-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=gold","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/011/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold everyday card\nSaison Gold Associe Amex is a Gold everyday card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.75% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns Permanent Points at about 0.75% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: Existing eligible Saison member; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax.","url":"/en/products/saison-gold-associe-amex"},{"id":"product:mileageplus-saison-card:en","entityId":"product:mileageplus-saison-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MileagePlus Saison Card","plainText":"airline mileage card\nMileagePlus Saison Card is a airline mileage card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa, Mastercard and American Express. The annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. It earns United MileagePlus at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥3,300 including tax\nEarns United MileagePlus at about 0.5% base rate\nETC available\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥3,300 a year.\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mileageplus-saison-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:mileageplus-saison-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/026/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"airline mileage card\nMileagePlus Saison Card is a airline mileage card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa, Mastercard and American Express. The annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. It earns United MileagePlus at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥3,300 including tax\nEarns United MileagePlus at about 0.5% base rate\nETC available\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥3,300 a year.\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax.","url":"/en/products/mileageplus-saison-card"},{"id":"product:mileageplus-saison-gold-card:en","entityId":"product:mileageplus-saison-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MileagePlus Saison Gold Card","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nMileagePlus Saison Gold Card is a Gold airline mileage card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa, Mastercard and American Express. The annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns United MileagePlus at a published base rate of about 1.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥22,000 including tax\nEarns United MileagePlus at about 1.5% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥22,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mileageplus-saison-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:mileageplus-saison-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/mileage/ua-gold/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/027/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold airline mileage card\nMileagePlus Saison Gold Card is a Gold airline mileage card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa, Mastercard and American Express. The annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns United MileagePlus at a published base rate of about 1.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥22,000 including tax\nEarns United MileagePlus at about 1.5% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥22,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/mileageplus-saison-gold-card"},{"id":"product:mileageplus-saison-platinum-card:en","entityId":"product:mileageplus-saison-platinum-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MileagePlus Saison Platinum Card","plainText":"Platinum airline mileage card\nMileagePlus Saison Platinum Card is a Platinum airline mileage card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is ¥55,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns United MileagePlus at a published base rate of about 1.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥55,000 including tax\nEarns United MileagePlus at about 1.5% base rate\nPremium lounges/concierge depending on brand\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥55,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥55,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mileageplus-saison-platinum-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:mileageplus-saison-platinum-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/mileage/ua-platinum/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/028/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Platinum airline mileage card\nMileagePlus Saison Platinum Card is a Platinum airline mileage card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is ¥55,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns United MileagePlus at a published base rate of about 1.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥55,000 including tax\nEarns United MileagePlus at about 1.5% base rate\nPremium lounges/concierge depending on brand\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥55,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥55,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/mileageplus-saison-platinum-card"},{"id":"product:muji-card:en","entityId":"product:muji-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MUJI Card","plainText":"retail card\nMUJI Card is a retail card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Permanent Points / MUJI points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Permanent Points / MUJI points at about 0.5% base rate\nETC available\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/muji-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:muji-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/029/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nMUJI Card is a retail card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Permanent Points / MUJI points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Permanent Points / MUJI points at about 0.5% base rate\nETC available\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/muji-card"},{"id":"product:loft-card:en","entityId":"product:loft-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Loft Card","plainText":"retail card\nLoft Card is a retail card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Permanent Points at about 0.5% base rate\nETC available\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/loft-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:loft-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/030/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nLoft Card is a retail card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Permanent Points at about 0.5% base rate\nETC available\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/loft-card"},{"id":"product:likeme-by-saison-card:en","entityId":"product:likeme-by-saison-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Likeme by Saison Card","plainText":"points card\nLikeme by Saison Card is a points card from Credit Saison, issued on Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Cashback at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Cashback at about 1% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/likeme-by-saison-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:likeme-by-saison-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/083/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"points card\nLikeme by Saison Card is a points card from Credit Saison, issued on Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Cashback at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Cashback at about 1% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/likeme-by-saison-card"},{"id":"product:shop-channel-card-saison:en","entityId":"product:shop-channel-card-saison","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Shop Channel Card Saison","plainText":"retail card\nShop Channel Card Saison is a retail card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Shop Channel points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Shop Channel points at about 0.5% base rate\nETC available\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/shop-channel-card-saison","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:shop-channel-card-saison"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/078/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nShop Channel Card Saison is a retail card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Shop Channel points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Shop Channel points at about 0.5% base rate\nETC available\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/shop-channel-card-saison"},{"id":"product:nimoca-saison-card:en","entityId":"product:nimoca-saison-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"nimoca Saison Card","plainText":"rail and transit card\nnimoca Saison Card is a rail and transit card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns nimoca points at a published base rate of about 0.3% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns nimoca points at about 0.3% base rate\nETC available\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/nimoca-saison-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:nimoca-saison-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/067/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"rail and transit card\nnimoca Saison Card is a rail and transit card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns nimoca points at a published base rate of about 0.3% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns nimoca points at about 0.3% base rate\nETC available\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/nimoca-saison-card"},{"id":"product:samurai-blue-card-saison:en","entityId":"product:samurai-blue-card-saison","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Samurai Blue Card Saison","plainText":"design card\nSamurai Blue Card Saison is a design card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Permanent Points at about 0.5% base rate\nETC available\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/samurai-blue-card-saison","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:samurai-blue-card-saison"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/076/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"design card\nSamurai Blue Card Saison is a design card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Permanent Points at about 0.5% base rate\nETC available\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/samurai-blue-card-saison"},{"id":"product:jq-card-saison-gold:en","entityId":"product:jq-card-saison-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JQ Card Saison Gold","plainText":"Gold points card\nJQ Card Saison Gold is a Gold points card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns JR Kyushu Q points / Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns JR Kyushu Q points / Permanent Points at about 0.5% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jq-card-saison-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:jq-card-saison-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=gold","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/092/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold points card\nJQ Card Saison Gold is a Gold points card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns JR Kyushu Q points / Permanent Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns JR Kyushu Q points / Permanent Points at about 0.5% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","url":"/en/products/jq-card-saison-gold"},{"id":"product:d-card-gold-u:en","entityId":"product:d-card-gold-u","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"d Card Gold U","plainText":"Gold telecom and mobile-payment card\nd Card Gold U is a Gold telecom and mobile-payment card from NTT DOCOMO, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns d POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥3,300 including tax\nEarns d POINT at about 1% base rate\nDomestic lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥3,300 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18–29; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/d-card-gold-u","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ntt-docomo"],"families":["family:d-card-gold-u"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO, INC.","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/dcard_goldu/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO, INC.","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/dcard_lineup/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO, INC.","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold telecom and mobile-payment card\nd Card Gold U is a Gold telecom and mobile-payment card from NTT DOCOMO, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns d POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥3,300 including tax\nEarns d POINT at about 1% base rate\nDomestic lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥3,300 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18–29; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","url":"/en/products/d-card-gold-u"},{"id":"product:aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design:en","entityId":"product:aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"AEON Card Select Mickey Mouse Design","plainText":"retail card\nAEON Card Select Mickey Mouse Design is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/disney_select/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nAEON Card Select Mickey Mouse Design is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design"},{"id":"product:aeon-card-select-toy-story-design:en","entityId":"product:aeon-card-select-toy-story-design","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"AEON Card Select Toy Story Design","plainText":"retail card\nAEON Card Select Toy Story Design is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/aeon-card-select-toy-story-design","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-select-toy-story-design"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/toystory_select/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nAEON Card Select Toy Story Design is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/aeon-card-select-toy-story-design"},{"id":"product:aeon-card-select-minions:en","entityId":"product:aeon-card-select-minions","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"AEON Card Select Minions","plainText":"design card\nAEON Card Select Minions is a design card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/aeon-card-select-minions","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-select-minions"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/minions_select/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"design card\nAEON Card Select Minions is a design card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/aeon-card-select-minions"},{"id":"product:aeon-card-minions:en","entityId":"product:aeon-card-minions","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"AEON Card Minions","plainText":"design card\nAEON Card Minions is a design card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/aeon-card-minions","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-minions"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/minions/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"design card\nAEON Card Minions is a design card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/aeon-card-minions"},{"id":"product:tgc-card:en","entityId":"product:tgc-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"TGC Card","plainText":"retail card\nTGC Card is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/tgc-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:tgc-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/tgc/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nTGC Card is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/tgc-card"},{"id":"product:cosmo-the-card-opus:en","entityId":"product:cosmo-the-card-opus","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Cosmo The Card Opus","plainText":"fuel card\nCosmo The Card Opus is a fuel card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/cosmo-the-card-opus","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:cosmo-the-card-opus"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/cosmo/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"fuel card\nCosmo The Card Opus is a fuel card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/cosmo-the-card-opus"},{"id":"product:aeon-suica-card:en","entityId":"product:aeon-suica-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"AEON Suica Card","plainText":"rail and transit card\nAEON Suica Card is a rail and transit card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT / JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT / JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance subject to terms\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/aeon-suica-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-suica-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/aeonsuica/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/suica/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"rail and transit card\nAEON Suica Card is a rail and transit card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT / JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT / JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance subject to terms\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/aeon-suica-card"},{"id":"product:jmb-jq-sugoca:en","entityId":"product:jmb-jq-sugoca","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JMB JQ SUGOCA","plainText":"airline mileage card\nJMB JQ SUGOCA is a airline mileage card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns JAL miles / JR Kyushu Q points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns JAL miles / JR Kyushu Q points at about 0.5% base rate\nETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jmb-jq-sugoca","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:jmb-jq-sugoca"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/jmbjqsugoca/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/jmb_jq_sugoca/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"airline mileage card\nJMB JQ SUGOCA is a airline mileage card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns JAL miles / JR Kyushu Q points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns JAL miles / JR Kyushu Q points at about 0.5% base rate\nETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/jmb-jq-sugoca"},{"id":"product:aeon-jmb-card:en","entityId":"product:aeon-jmb-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"AEON JMB Card","plainText":"airline mileage card\nAEON JMB Card is a airline mileage card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns JAL miles at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/aeon-jmb-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-jmb-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/jmbwaon/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"airline mileage card\nAEON JMB Card is a airline mileage card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns JAL miles at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/aeon-jmb-card"},{"id":"product:benesse-aeon-card:en","entityId":"product:benesse-aeon-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Benesse AEON Card","plainText":"student card\nBenesse AEON Card is a student card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT / Benesse points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT / Benesse points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/benesse-aeon-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:benesse-aeon-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/benesse/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/benesse/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"student card\nBenesse AEON Card is a student card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT / Benesse points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT / Benesse points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/benesse-aeon-card"},{"id":"product:kasumi-card:en","entityId":"product:kasumi-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"KASUMI Card","plainText":"retail card\nKASUMI Card is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/kasumi-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:kasumi-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/kasumi/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nKASUMI Card is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/kasumi-card"},{"id":"product:sports-authority-card:en","entityId":"product:sports-authority-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sports Authority Card","plainText":"retail card\nSports Authority Card is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Recorded from the issuer's official lineup on 2026-08-13; the card is no longer open to new applications.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nAEON no longer accepts new applications for this card. The details below describe the card as it was last recorded, for existing cardholders.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/sports-authority-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:sports-authority-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nSports Authority Card is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Recorded from the issuer's official lineup on 2026-08-13; the card is no longer open to new applications.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nAEON no longer accepts new applications for this card. The details below describe the card as it was last recorded, for existing cardholders.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/sports-authority-card"},{"id":"product:kojima-x-bic-camera-card:en","entityId":"product:kojima-x-bic-camera-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Kojima x Bic Camera Card","plainText":"retail card\nKojima x Bic Camera Card is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT / store points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT / store points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/kojima-x-bic-camera-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:kojima-x-bic-camera-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/kojima/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/kojima/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nKojima x Bic Camera Card is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT / store points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT / store points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/kojima-x-bic-camera-card"},{"id":"product:orico-card-the-point-upty:en","entityId":"product:orico-card-the-point-upty","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Orico Card The Point UPty","plainText":"everyday card\nOrico Card The Point UPty is a everyday card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns Orico Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Orico Points at about 1% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/orico-card-the-point-upty","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:orico-card-the-point-upty"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/upty/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"everyday card\nOrico Card The Point UPty is a everyday card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns Orico Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Orico Points at about 1% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/orico-card-the-point-upty"},{"id":"product:orico-card-the-gold-prime:en","entityId":"product:orico-card-the-gold-prime","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Orico Card The Gold Prime","plainText":"Gold travel card\nOrico Card The Gold Prime is a Gold travel card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns Orico Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Orico Points at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/orico-card-the-gold-prime","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:orico-card-the-gold-prime"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/thegoldprime/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold travel card\nOrico Card The Gold Prime is a Gold travel card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns Orico Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Orico Points at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","url":"/en/products/orico-card-the-gold-prime"},{"id":"product:the-gold:en","entityId":"product:the-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"The Gold","plainText":"Gold travel card\nThe Gold is a Gold travel card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/the-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:the-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/thegold/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold travel card\nThe Gold is a Gold travel card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","url":"/en/products/the-gold"},{"id":"product:gold-upty:en","entityId":"product:gold-upty","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Gold UPty","plainText":"Gold everyday card\nGold UPty is a Gold everyday card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥5,500 including tax\nEarns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/gold-upty","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:gold-upty"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/goldupty/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold everyday card\nGold UPty is a Gold everyday card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥5,500 including tax\nEarns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","url":"/en/products/gold-upty"},{"id":"product:ex-gold-for-biz-s:en","entityId":"product:ex-gold-for-biz-s","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"EX Gold for Biz S","plainText":"Gold business card\nEX Gold for Biz S is a Gold business card from Orico, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. It earns 暮らスマイル / Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.6% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns 暮らスマイル / Orico points at about 0.6% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: Sole proprietors; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ex-gold-for-biz-s","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:ex-gold-for-biz-s"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/business/creditcard/list/exgoldforbiz_s/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/business/creditcard/exgoldforbizs/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold business card\nEX Gold for Biz S is a Gold business card from Orico, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. It earns 暮らスマイル / Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.6% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns 暮らスマイル / Orico points at about 0.6% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: Sole proprietors; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax.","url":"/en/products/ex-gold-for-biz-s"},{"id":"product:ex-gold-for-biz-m:en","entityId":"product:ex-gold-for-biz-m","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"EX Gold for Biz M","plainText":"Gold business card\nEX Gold for Biz M is a Gold business card from Orico, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. It earns 暮らスマイル / Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.6% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns 暮らスマイル / Orico points at about 0.6% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: Corporate representatives; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ex-gold-for-biz-m","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:ex-gold-for-biz-m"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/business/creditcard/list/exgoldforbiz_m/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/business/creditcard/exgoldforbizm/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold business card\nEX Gold for Biz M is a Gold business card from Orico, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. It earns 暮らスマイル / Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.6% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns 暮らスマイル / Orico points at about 0.6% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: Corporate representatives; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax.","url":"/en/products/ex-gold-for-biz-m"},{"id":"product:love-the-earth:en","entityId":"product:love-the-earth","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Love the Earth","plainText":"donation-linked card\nLove the Earth is a donation-linked card from Orico, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/love-the-earth","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:love-the-earth"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/earth/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"donation-linked card\nLove the Earth is a donation-linked card from Orico, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/love-the-earth"},{"id":"product:red-feather-card:en","entityId":"product:red-feather-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Red Feather Card","plainText":"donation-linked card\nRed Feather Card is a donation-linked card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on Mastercard\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/red-feather-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:red-feather-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/contribution/akaihane/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"donation-linked card\nRed Feather Card is a donation-linked card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on Mastercard\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/red-feather-card"},{"id":"product:red-cross-orico-card:en","entityId":"product:red-cross-orico-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Red Cross Orico Card","plainText":"donation-linked card\nRed Cross Orico Card is a donation-linked card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on Mastercard\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/red-cross-orico-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:red-cross-orico-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/contribution/redcross/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"donation-linked card\nRed Cross Orico Card is a donation-linked card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on Mastercard\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/red-cross-orico-card"},{"id":"product:japan-animal-welfare-society-card:en","entityId":"product:japan-animal-welfare-society-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan Animal Welfare Society Card","plainText":"donation-linked card\nJapan Animal Welfare Society Card is a donation-linked card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on Mastercard\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/japan-animal-welfare-society-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:japan-animal-welfare-society-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/contribution/jspca/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"donation-linked card\nJapan Animal Welfare Society Card is a donation-linked card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on Mastercard\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/japan-animal-welfare-society-card"},{"id":"product:wild-bird-society-of-japan-card:en","entityId":"product:wild-bird-society-of-japan-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Wild Bird Society of Japan Card","plainText":"donation-linked card\nWild Bird Society of Japan Card is a donation-linked card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on Mastercard\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/wild-bird-society-of-japan-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:wild-bird-society-of-japan-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/contribution/birdfun/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"donation-linked card\nWild Bird Society of Japan Card is a donation-linked card from Orico, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Orico points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Orico points at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on Mastercard\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/wild-bird-society-of-japan-card"},{"id":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold:en","entityId":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card Gold","plainText":"Gold travel card\nMitsubishi UFJ Card Gold is a Gold travel card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Global Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Global Points at about 0.5% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/mucard_goldprestige/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold travel card\nMitsubishi UFJ Card Gold is a Gold travel card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Global Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Global Points at about 0.5% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","url":"/en/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold"},{"id":"product:mufg-card-disney-design:en","entityId":"product:mufg-card-disney-design","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MUFG Card Disney Design","plainText":"design card\nMUFG Card Disney Design is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Global Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,375 including tax\nEarns Global Points at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mufg-card-disney-design","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mufg-card-disney-design"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/mufgcard_disney/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"design card\nMUFG Card Disney Design is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Global Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,375 including tax\nEarns Global Points at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","url":"/en/products/mufg-card-disney-design"},{"id":"product:viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio:en","entityId":"product:viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"VIASO mofusand x Sanrio","plainText":"design card\nVIASO mofusand x Sanrio is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns VIASO Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns VIASO Points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_mofusand_sanrio/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"design card\nVIASO mofusand x Sanrio is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns VIASO Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns VIASO Points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio"},{"id":"product:viaso-cinnamoroll:en","entityId":"product:viaso-cinnamoroll","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"VIASO Cinnamoroll","plainText":"design card\nVIASO Cinnamoroll is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns VIASO Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns VIASO Points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/viaso-cinnamoroll","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:viaso-cinnamoroll"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_cinnamon/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"design card\nVIASO Cinnamoroll is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns VIASO Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns VIASO Points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/viaso-cinnamoroll"},{"id":"product:viaso-my-melody:en","entityId":"product:viaso-my-melody","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"VIASO My Melody","plainText":"design card\nVIASO My Melody is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns VIASO Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns VIASO Points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/viaso-my-melody","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:viaso-my-melody"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_mm/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"design card\nVIASO My Melody is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns VIASO Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns VIASO Points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/viaso-my-melody"},{"id":"product:viaso-gudetama:en","entityId":"product:viaso-gudetama","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"VIASO Gudetama","plainText":"design card\nVIASO Gudetama is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns VIASO Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns VIASO Points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/viaso-gudetama","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:viaso-gudetama"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_gudetama/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"design card\nVIASO Gudetama is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns VIASO Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns VIASO Points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/viaso-gudetama"},{"id":"product:viaso-urawa-reds:en","entityId":"product:viaso-urawa-reds","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"VIASO Urawa Reds","plainText":"design card\nVIASO Urawa Reds is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns VIASO Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns VIASO Points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/viaso-urawa-reds","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:viaso-urawa-reds"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_reds/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"design card\nVIASO Urawa Reds is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns VIASO Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns VIASO Points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/viaso-urawa-reds"},{"id":"product:jizile:en","entityId":"product:jizile","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Jizile","plainText":"everyday card\nJizile is a everyday card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns Global Points at a published base rate of about 1.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Global Points at about 1.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jizile","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:jizile"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/dc_jizile/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"everyday card\nJizile is a everyday card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns Global Points at a published base rate of about 1.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Global Points at about 1.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/jizile"},{"id":"product:ja-card:en","entityId":"product:ja-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JA Card","plainText":"bank-linked card\nJA Card is a bank-linked card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Global Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,375 including tax\nEarns Global Points at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ja-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:ja-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/ja/cash_001/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"bank-linked card\nJA Card is a bank-linked card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Global Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,375 including tax\nEarns Global Points at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","url":"/en/products/ja-card"},{"id":"product:eneos-card-s:en","entityId":"product:eneos-card-s","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ENEOS Card S","plainText":"fuel card\nENEOS Card S is a fuel card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns ENEOS points / discounts; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,375 including tax\nEarns ENEOS points / discounts\nRoadside service\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/eneos-card-s","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:eneos-card-s"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"fuel card\nENEOS Card S is a fuel card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns ENEOS points / discounts; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,375 including tax\nEarns ENEOS points / discounts\nRoadside service\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","url":"/en/products/eneos-card-s"},{"id":"product:eneos-card-p:en","entityId":"product:eneos-card-p","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ENEOS Card P","plainText":"points card\nENEOS Card P is a points card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns ENEOS points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,375 including tax\nEarns ENEOS points\nRoadside service\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/eneos-card-p","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:eneos-card-p"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"points card\nENEOS Card P is a points card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns ENEOS points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,375 including tax\nEarns ENEOS points\nRoadside service\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","url":"/en/products/eneos-card-p"},{"id":"product:eneos-card-c:en","entityId":"product:eneos-card-c","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ENEOS Card C","plainText":"fuel card\nENEOS Card C is a fuel card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Fuel discount; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,375 including tax\nEarns Fuel discount\nRoadside service\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/eneos-card-c","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:eneos-card-c"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"fuel card\nENEOS Card C is a fuel card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Fuel discount; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,375 including tax\nEarns Fuel discount\nRoadside service\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","url":"/en/products/eneos-card-c"},{"id":"product:gdo-card:en","entityId":"product:gdo-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"GDO Card","plainText":"design card\nGDO Card is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns GDO Points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns GDO Points\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/gdo-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:gdo-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/gdo/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/gdo/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"design card\nGDO Card is a design card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns GDO Points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns GDO Points\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/gdo-card"},{"id":"product:gdo-gold-card:en","entityId":"product:gdo-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"GDO Gold Card","plainText":"Gold travel card\nGDO Gold Card is a Gold travel card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥15,746 including tax. It earns GDO Points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥15,746 including tax\nEarns GDO Points\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥15,746 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥15,746 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/gdo-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:gdo-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/gdo_gold/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/gdo_gold/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold travel card\nGDO Gold Card is a Gold travel card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥15,746 including tax. It earns GDO Points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥15,746 including tax\nEarns GDO Points\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥15,746 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥15,746 including tax.","url":"/en/products/gdo-gold-card"},{"id":"product:skypass-mufg-card:en","entityId":"product:skypass-mufg-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SKYPASS MUFG Card","plainText":"airline mileage card\nSKYPASS MUFG Card is a airline mileage card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Korean Air SKYPASS; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥3,300 including tax\nEarns Korean Air SKYPASS\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥3,300 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/skypass-mufg-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:skypass-mufg-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/skypass/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/skypass/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"airline mileage card\nSKYPASS MUFG Card is a airline mileage card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Korean Air SKYPASS; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥3,300 including tax\nEarns Korean Air SKYPASS\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥3,300 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/skypass-mufg-card"},{"id":"product:skypass-mufg-gold:en","entityId":"product:skypass-mufg-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SKYPASS MUFG Gold","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nSKYPASS MUFG Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns Korean Air SKYPASS; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Korean Air SKYPASS\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/skypass-mufg-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:skypass-mufg-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/skypass_gold/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/skypass_gold/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold airline mileage card\nSKYPASS MUFG Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns Korean Air SKYPASS; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Korean Air SKYPASS\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","url":"/en/products/skypass-mufg-gold"},{"id":"product:miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex:en","entityId":"product:miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Miles & More MUFG Platinum Amex","plainText":"Platinum airline mileage card\nMiles & More MUFG Platinum Amex is a Platinum airline mileage card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥30,800 including tax. It earns Miles & More; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥30,800 including tax\nEarns Miles & More\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥30,800 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥30,800 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/amex/apply/miles_more/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/milesandmore_platinum/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Platinum airline mileage card\nMiles & More MUFG Platinum Amex is a Platinum airline mileage card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥30,800 including tax. It earns Miles & More; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥30,800 including tax\nEarns Miles & More\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥30,800 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥30,800 including tax.","url":"/en/products/miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex"},{"id":"product:mileageplus-mufg-card:en","entityId":"product:mileageplus-mufg-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MileagePlus MUFG Card","plainText":"airline mileage card\nMileagePlus MUFG Card is a airline mileage card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. It earns United MileagePlus; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥5,500 including tax\nEarns United MileagePlus\nAirport lounge benefit stated\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mileageplus-mufg-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mileageplus-mufg-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/mileageplus/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/mileageplus/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"airline mileage card\nMileagePlus MUFG Card is a airline mileage card from Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. It earns United MileagePlus; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥5,500 including tax\nEarns United MileagePlus\nAirport lounge benefit stated\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax.","url":"/en/products/mileageplus-mufg-card"},{"id":"product:view-card-standard-revo:en","entityId":"product:view-card-standard-revo","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"View Card Standard Revo","plainText":"rail and transit card\nView Card Standard Revo is a rail and transit card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on Visa, Mastercard and JCB\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/view-card-standard-revo","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:view-card-standard-revo"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/en/card/first/rev.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true},{"publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"rail and transit card\nView Card Standard Revo is a rail and transit card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on Visa, Mastercard and JCB\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/view-card-standard-revo"},{"id":"product:lumine-card:en","entityId":"product:lumine-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Lumine Card","plainText":"rail and transit card\nLumine Card is a rail and transit card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥1,048 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,048 including tax\nEarns JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,048 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,048 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/lumine-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:lumine-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/lumine.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true},{"publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"rail and transit card\nLumine Card is a rail and transit card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥1,048 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,048 including tax\nEarns JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,048 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,048 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","url":"/en/products/lumine-card"},{"id":"product:jal-card-suica-club-a:en","entityId":"product:jal-card-suica-club-a","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Card Suica Club-A","plainText":"Mid tier airline mileage card\nJAL Card Suica Club-A is a Mid tier airline mileage card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns JAL miles / JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns JAL miles / JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-card-suica-club-a","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:jal-card-suica-club-a"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/jalsuica.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true},{"publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/jalsuica.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Mid tier airline mileage card\nJAL Card Suica Club-A is a Mid tier airline mileage card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns JAL miles / JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns JAL miles / JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","url":"/en/products/jal-card-suica-club-a"},{"id":"product:bic-camera-suica-card:en","entityId":"product:bic-camera-suica-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Bic Camera Suica Card","plainText":"rail and transit card\nBic Camera Suica Card is a rail and transit card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on Visa and JCB. The annual fee is ¥524 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Bic points / JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥524 including tax\nEarns Bic points / JRE POINT at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥524 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥524 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/bic-camera-suica-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:bic-camera-suica-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/en/card/first/bic/","official":true},{"publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true},{"publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/bicsuica.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"rail and transit card\nBic Camera Suica Card is a rail and transit card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on Visa and JCB. The annual fee is ¥524 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Bic points / JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥524 including tax\nEarns Bic points / JRE POINT at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥524 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥524 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","url":"/en/products/bic-camera-suica-card"},{"id":"product:otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle:en","entityId":"product:otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Otona no Kyujitsu Club Middle","plainText":"rail and transit card\nOtona no Kyujitsu Club Middle is a rail and transit card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥2,624 including tax. It earns JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,624 including tax\nEarns JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,624 a year.\nStated eligibility: Age eligibility applies; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,624 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/en/otona/","official":true},{"publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true},{"publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"rail and transit card\nOtona no Kyujitsu Club Middle is a rail and transit card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥2,624 including tax. It earns JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,624 including tax\nEarns JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,624 a year.\nStated eligibility: Age eligibility applies; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,624 including tax.","url":"/en/products/otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle"},{"id":"product:otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang:en","entityId":"product:otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Otona no Kyujitsu Club Zipang","plainText":"rail and transit card\nOtona no Kyujitsu Club Zipang is a rail and transit card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥4,364 including tax. It earns JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥4,364 including tax\nEarns JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥4,364 a year.\nStated eligibility: Higher age eligibility applies; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥4,364 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/en/card/first/otokyu.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true},{"publisher":"Viewcard Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"rail and transit card\nOtona no Kyujitsu Club Zipang is a rail and transit card from JRE Bank / Viewcard, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥4,364 including tax. It earns JRE POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥4,364 including tax\nEarns JRE POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥4,364 a year.\nStated eligibility: Higher age eligibility applies; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥4,364 including tax.","url":"/en/products/otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang"},{"id":"product:jal-club-a:en","entityId":"product:jal-club-a","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL CLUB-A Card","plainText":"Mid tier airline mileage card\nJAL CLUB-A Card is a Mid tier airline mileage card from JAL Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns JAL miles at about 0.5% base rate\nEnhanced travel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-club-a","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-club-a"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/card/club_a.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Mid tier airline mileage card\nJAL CLUB-A Card is a Mid tier airline mileage card from JAL Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns JAL miles at about 0.5% base rate\nEnhanced travel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","url":"/en/products/jal-club-a"},{"id":"product:jal-diners-card:en","entityId":"product:jal-diners-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Diners Card","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nJAL Diners Card is a Gold airline mileage card from JAL Card, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥30,800 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥30,800 including tax\nEarns JAL miles at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥30,800 a year.\nStated eligibility: 27+ guideline / issuer screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥30,800 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-diners-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-diners-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/jaldiners_new.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold airline mileage card\nJAL Diners Card is a Gold airline mileage card from JAL Card, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥30,800 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥30,800 including tax\nEarns JAL miles at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥30,800 a year.\nStated eligibility: 27+ guideline / issuer screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥30,800 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/jal-diners-card"},{"id":"product:jal-card-navi:en","entityId":"product:jal-card-navi","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Card navi","plainText":"airline mileage card\nJAL Card navi is a airline mileage card from JAL Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns JAL miles at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18–29 student; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-card-navi","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-card-navi"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/card/navi.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"airline mileage card\nJAL Card navi is a airline mileage card from JAL Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns JAL miles at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18–29 student; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/jal-card-navi"},{"id":"product:jal-club-est-ordinary:en","entityId":"product:jal-club-est-ordinary","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Club EST Ordinary","plainText":"airline mileage card\nJAL Club EST Ordinary is a airline mileage card from JAL Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is ¥7,700 including tax. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥7,700 including tax\nEarns JAL miles at about 1% base rate\nLounge coupons/benefits subject to terms\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥7,700 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20–29; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥7,700 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-club-est-ordinary","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-club-est-ordinary"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/card/est.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"airline mileage card\nJAL Club EST Ordinary is a airline mileage card from JAL Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is ¥7,700 including tax. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥7,700 including tax\nEarns JAL miles at about 1% base rate\nLounge coupons/benefits subject to terms\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥7,700 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20–29; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥7,700 including tax.","url":"/en/products/jal-club-est-ordinary"},{"id":"product:jal-club-est-gold-platinum:en","entityId":"product:jal-club-est-gold-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Club EST Gold/Platinum","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nJAL Club EST Gold/Platinum is a Gold airline mileage card from JAL Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB, American Express and Diners Club. The issuer does not publish a single annual fee for this card in the reviewed material. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee stated on the issuer page\nEarns JAL miles at about 1% base rate\nLounge benefits\nStated eligibility: 20–29; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe issuer does not publish a single annual fee for this card in the reviewed material.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-club-est-gold-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-club-est-gold-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JALCARD, INC.","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold airline mileage card\nJAL Club EST Gold/Platinum is a Gold airline mileage card from JAL Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB, American Express and Diners Club. The issuer does not publish a single annual fee for this card in the reviewed material. It earns JAL miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee stated on the issuer page\nEarns JAL miles at about 1% base rate\nLounge benefits\nStated eligibility: 20–29; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe issuer does not publish a single annual fee for this card in the reviewed material.","url":"/en/products/jal-club-est-gold-platinum"},{"id":"product:ana-mastercard-general:en","entityId":"product:ana-mastercard-general","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Mastercard General","plainText":"airline mileage card\nANA Mastercard General is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-mastercard-general","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-mastercard-general"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"airline mileage card\nANA Mastercard General is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","url":"/en/products/ana-mastercard-general"},{"id":"product:ana-jcb-general:en","entityId":"product:ana-jcb-general","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA JCB General","plainText":"airline mileage card\nANA JCB General is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-jcb-general","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-jcb-general"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp1.html/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"airline mileage card\nANA JCB General is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","url":"/en/products/ana-jcb-general"},{"id":"product:ana-american-express-card:en","entityId":"product:ana-american-express-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA American Express Card","plainText":"airline mileage card\nANA American Express Card is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥7,700 including tax. It earns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥7,700 including tax\nEarns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounge benefit\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥7,700 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥7,700 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-american-express-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-american-express-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/ana-classic-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"airline mileage card\nANA American Express Card is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥7,700 including tax. It earns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥7,700 including tax\nEarns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounge benefit\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥7,700 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥7,700 including tax.","url":"/en/products/ana-american-express-card"},{"id":"product:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb:en","entityId":"product:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA To Me Card PASMO JCB","plainText":"airline mileage card\nANA To Me Card PASMO JCB is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Oki Doki/J-POINT, Metro points, ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns Oki Doki/J-POINT, Metro points, ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp3.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"airline mileage card\nANA To Me Card PASMO JCB is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Oki Doki/J-POINT, Metro points, ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns Oki Doki/J-POINT, Metro points, ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","url":"/en/products/ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb"},{"id":"product:ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard:en","entityId":"product:ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA TOKYU Point ClubQ PASMO Mastercard","plainText":"airline mileage card\nANA TOKYU Point ClubQ PASMO Mastercard is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns V POINT / TOKYU POINT / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns V POINT / TOKYU POINT / ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/anatopclubq/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"airline mileage card\nANA TOKYU Point ClubQ PASMO Mastercard is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns V POINT / TOKYU POINT / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns V POINT / TOKYU POINT / ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","url":"/en/products/ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard"},{"id":"product:ana-visa-suica:en","entityId":"product:ana-visa-suica","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa Suica","plainText":"airline mileage card\nANA Visa Suica is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns V POINT / ANA miles / Suica at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns V POINT / ANA miles / Suica at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-visa-suica","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-visa-suica"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/anasuica/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"airline mileage card\nANA Visa Suica is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns V POINT / ANA miles / Suica at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns V POINT / ANA miles / Suica at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","url":"/en/products/ana-visa-suica"},{"id":"product:ana-visa-wide:en","entityId":"product:ana-visa-wide","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa Wide","plainText":"Mid tier airline mileage card\nANA Visa Wide is a Mid tier airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥7,975 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥7,975 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-visa-wide","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-visa-wide"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Mid tier airline mileage card\nANA Visa Wide is a Mid tier airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥7,975 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥7,975 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax.","url":"/en/products/ana-visa-wide"},{"id":"product:ana-mastercard-wide:en","entityId":"product:ana-mastercard-wide","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Mastercard Wide","plainText":"Mid tier airline mileage card\nANA Mastercard Wide is a Mid tier airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥7,975 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥7,975 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-mastercard-wide","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-mastercard-wide"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Mid tier airline mileage card\nANA Mastercard Wide is a Mid tier airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥7,975 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥7,975 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax.","url":"/en/products/ana-mastercard-wide"},{"id":"product:ana-jcb-wide:en","entityId":"product:ana-jcb-wide","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA JCB Wide","plainText":"Mid tier airline mileage card\nANA JCB Wide is a Mid tier airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥7,975 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥7,975 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-jcb-wide","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-jcb-wide"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp1.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Mid tier airline mileage card\nANA JCB Wide is a Mid tier airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥7,975 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥7,975 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥7,975 including tax.","url":"/en/products/ana-jcb-wide"},{"id":"product:ana-mastercard-wide-gold:en","entityId":"product:ana-mastercard-wide-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Mastercard Wide Gold","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nANA Mastercard Wide Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥15,400 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nDomestic lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥15,400 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-mastercard-wide-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-mastercard-wide-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold airline mileage card\nANA Mastercard Wide Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥15,400 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nDomestic lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥15,400 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax.","url":"/en/products/ana-mastercard-wide-gold"},{"id":"product:ana-jcb-wide-gold:en","entityId":"product:ana-jcb-wide-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA JCB Wide Gold","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nANA JCB Wide Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥15,400 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nDomestic lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥15,400 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-jcb-wide-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-jcb-wide-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp1.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold airline mileage card\nANA JCB Wide Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥15,400 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nDomestic lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥15,400 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax.","url":"/en/products/ana-jcb-wide-gold"},{"id":"product:ana-amex-gold:en","entityId":"product:ana-amex-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Amex Gold","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nANA Amex Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥34,100 including tax. It earns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥34,100 including tax\nEarns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥34,100 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥34,100 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-amex-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-amex-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/ana-gold-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold airline mileage card\nANA Amex Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥34,100 including tax. It earns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥34,100 including tax\nEarns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥34,100 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥34,100 including tax.","url":"/en/products/ana-amex-gold"},{"id":"product:ana-diners-card:en","entityId":"product:ana-diners-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Diners Card","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nANA Diners Card is a Gold airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥29,700 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥29,700 a year.\nStated eligibility: 27+ guideline / issuer screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-diners-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-diners-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/anadiners_new.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold airline mileage card\nANA Diners Card is a Gold airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥29,700 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥29,700 a year.\nStated eligibility: 27+ guideline / issuer screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/ana-diners-card"},{"id":"product:ana-jcb-zero:en","entityId":"product:ana-jcb-zero","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA JCB Zero","plainText":"airline mileage card\nANA JCB Zero is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Recorded from the issuer's official lineup on 2026-08-13; the card is no longer open to new applications.\nNo annual fee\nEarns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on JCB\nANA no longer accepts new applications for this card. The details below describe the card as it was last recorded, for existing cardholders.\nStated eligibility: 18–29; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-jcb-zero","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-jcb-zero"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"airline mileage card\nANA JCB Zero is a airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Recorded from the issuer's official lineup on 2026-08-13; the card is no longer open to new applications.\nNo annual fee\nEarns ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on JCB\nANA no longer accepts new applications for this card. The details below describe the card as it was last recorded, for existing cardholders.\nStated eligibility: 18–29; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/ana-jcb-zero"},{"id":"product:ana-visa-platinum-premium:en","entityId":"product:ana-visa-platinum-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa Platinum Premium","plainText":"Platinum airline mileage card\nANA Visa Platinum Premium is a Platinum airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥88,000 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥88,000 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 1.5% base rate\nPriority Pass/concierge\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥88,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 30+ guideline / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥88,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-visa-platinum-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-visa-platinum-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/platinum/brand/index_ana.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Platinum airline mileage card\nANA Visa Platinum Premium is a Platinum airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥88,000 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥88,000 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 1.5% base rate\nPriority Pass/concierge\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥88,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 30+ guideline / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥88,000 including tax.","url":"/en/products/ana-visa-platinum-premium"},{"id":"product:ana-jcb-premium:en","entityId":"product:ana-jcb-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA JCB Premium","plainText":"Platinum airline mileage card\nANA JCB Premium is a Platinum airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥77,000 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥77,000 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nPriority Pass/concierge\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥77,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 30+ guideline / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥77,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-jcb-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-jcb-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp1.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Platinum airline mileage card\nANA JCB Premium is a Platinum airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥77,000 including tax. It earns ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥77,000 including tax\nEarns ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nPriority Pass/concierge\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥77,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 30+ guideline / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥77,000 including tax.","url":"/en/products/ana-jcb-premium"},{"id":"product:ana-amex-premium:en","entityId":"product:ana-amex-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Amex Premium","plainText":"Platinum airline mileage card\nANA Amex Premium is a Platinum airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥165,000 including tax. It earns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥165,000 including tax\nEarns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nPremium lounge/concierge\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥165,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Invitation/screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥165,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-amex-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-amex-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/ana-premium-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Platinum airline mileage card\nANA Amex Premium is a Platinum airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥165,000 including tax. It earns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥165,000 including tax\nEarns Membership Rewards / ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nPremium lounge/concierge\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥165,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Invitation/screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥165,000 including tax.","url":"/en/products/ana-amex-premium"},{"id":"product:ana-diners-premium:en","entityId":"product:ana-diners-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Diners Premium","plainText":"Platinum airline mileage card\nANA Diners Premium is a Platinum airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥170,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns ANA miles; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥170,500 including tax\nEarns ANA miles\nPremium lounges/concierge\nAvailability: invitation only.\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥170,500 a year.\nThe annual fee is ¥170,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-diners-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-diners-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/anadiners_premium.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANA and partner issuers","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Platinum airline mileage card\nANA Diners Premium is a Platinum airline mileage card from ANA Card, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥170,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns ANA miles; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥170,500 including tax\nEarns ANA miles\nPremium lounges/concierge\nAvailability: invitation only.\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥170,500 a year.\nThe annual fee is ¥170,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/ana-diners-premium"},{"id":"product:diners-club-business-card:en","entityId":"product:diners-club-business-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Diners Club Business Card","plainText":"Premium business card\nDiners Club Business Card is a Premium business card from Diners Club, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Diners Club Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥29,700 including tax\nEarns Diners Club Rewards\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥29,700 a year.\nStated eligibility: Business owners; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/diners-club-business-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:diners-club-business-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/corporate/cardlineup/business.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/point.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Premium business card\nDiners Club Business Card is a Premium business card from Diners Club, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Diners Club Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥29,700 including tax\nEarns Diners Club Rewards\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥29,700 a year.\nStated eligibility: Business owners; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/diners-club-business-card"},{"id":"product:ginza-diners-club-card:en","entityId":"product:ginza-diners-club-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Ginza Diners Club Card","plainText":"Premium everyday card\nGinza Diners Club Card is a Premium everyday card from Diners Club, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Diners Club Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥33,000 including tax\nEarns Diners Club Rewards\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥33,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Issuer screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ginza-diners-club-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:ginza-diners-club-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/ginzadiners.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/point.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Premium everyday card\nGinza Diners Club Card is a Premium everyday card from Diners Club, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Diners Club Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥33,000 including tax\nEarns Diners Club Rewards\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥33,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Issuer screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/ginza-diners-club-card"},{"id":"product:bmw-diners-card:en","entityId":"product:bmw-diners-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"BMW Diners Card","plainText":"Premium fuel card\nBMW Diners Card is a Premium fuel card from Diners Club, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Diners Club Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥29,700 including tax\nEarns Diners Club Rewards\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥29,700 a year.\nStated eligibility: Issuer screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/bmw-diners-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:bmw-diners-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/bmwdiners.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/point.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Premium fuel card\nBMW Diners Card is a Premium fuel card from Diners Club, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Diners Club Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥29,700 including tax\nEarns Diners Club Rewards\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥29,700 a year.\nStated eligibility: Issuer screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/bmw-diners-card"},{"id":"product:new-otani-club-diners:en","entityId":"product:new-otani-club-diners","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"New Otani Club Diners","plainText":"Premium travel card\nNew Otani Club Diners is a Premium travel card from Diners Club, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Diners Club Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥29,700 including tax\nEarns Diners Club Rewards\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥29,700 a year.\nStated eligibility: Issuer screening / club conditions; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/new-otani-club-diners","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:new-otani-club-diners"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/newotaniclubdiners.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Club Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/point.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Premium travel card\nNew Otani Club Diners is a Premium travel card from Diners Club, issued on Diners Club. The annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Diners Club Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥29,700 including tax\nEarns Diners Club Rewards\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥29,700 a year.\nStated eligibility: Issuer screening / club conditions; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥29,700 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/new-otani-club-diners"},{"id":"product:luxury-card-black-diamond:en","entityId":"product:luxury-card-black-diamond","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Luxury Card Black Diamond","plainText":"Black / invitation premium card\nLuxury Card Black Diamond is a Black / invitation premium card from Luxury Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥660,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Luxury Card Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥660,000 including tax\nEarns Luxury Card Rewards\nPremium lounges/concierge\nAvailability: invitation only.\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥660,000 a year.\nThe annual fee is ¥660,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/luxury-card-black-diamond","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:luxury-card-black-diamond"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Black Card I K.K. / APLUS","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/blackdiamond/","official":true},{"publisher":"Black Card I K.K. / APLUS","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/compare/","official":true},{"publisher":"Black Card I K.K. / APLUS","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/compare/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Black / invitation premium card\nLuxury Card Black Diamond is a Black / invitation premium card from Luxury Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥660,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Luxury Card Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥660,000 including tax\nEarns Luxury Card Rewards\nPremium lounges/concierge\nAvailability: invitation only.\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥660,000 a year.\nThe annual fee is ¥660,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/luxury-card-black-diamond"},{"id":"product:jal-luxury-card:en","entityId":"product:jal-luxury-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Luxury Card","plainText":"Black / invitation airline mileage card\nJAL Luxury Card is a Black / invitation airline mileage card from Luxury Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥242,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns JAL miles / Luxury Card rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥242,000 including tax\nEarns JAL miles / Luxury Card rewards\nPremium lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥242,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥242,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-luxury-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:jal-luxury-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Black Card I K.K. / APLUS","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jal-luxury-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"Black Card I K.K. / APLUS","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/compare/","official":true},{"publisher":"Black Card I K.K. / APLUS","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/jal/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Black / invitation airline mileage card\nJAL Luxury Card is a Black / invitation airline mileage card from Luxury Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥242,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns JAL miles / Luxury Card rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥242,000 including tax\nEarns JAL miles / Luxury Card rewards\nPremium lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥242,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥242,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/jal-luxury-card"},{"id":"product:jal-luxury-card-limited:en","entityId":"product:jal-luxury-card-limited","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JAL Luxury Card Limited","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nJAL Luxury Card Limited is a Gold airline mileage card from Luxury Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥599,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns JAL miles / Luxury Card rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥599,500 including tax\nEarns JAL miles / Luxury Card rewards\nPremium lounges/concierge\nAvailability: limited issue — verify availability.\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥599,500 a year.\nThe annual fee is ¥599,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jal-luxury-card-limited","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:jal-luxury-card-limited"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Black Card I K.K. / APLUS","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jal-luxury-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"Black Card I K.K. / APLUS","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/compare/","official":true},{"publisher":"Black Card I K.K. / APLUS","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/jal/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold airline mileage card\nJAL Luxury Card Limited is a Gold airline mileage card from Luxury Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥599,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns JAL miles / Luxury Card rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥599,500 including tax\nEarns JAL miles / Luxury Card rewards\nPremium lounges/concierge\nAvailability: limited issue — verify availability.\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥599,500 a year.\nThe annual fee is ¥599,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/jal-luxury-card-limited"},{"id":"product:smbc-visa-infinite:en","entityId":"product:smbc-visa-infinite","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SMBC Visa Infinite","plainText":"Black / invitation premium card\nSMBC Visa Infinite is a Black / invitation premium card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥99,000 including tax. It earns V POINT; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥99,000 including tax\nEarns V POINT\nPremium lounge/concierge\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥99,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Issuer screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥99,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/smbc-visa-infinite","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-visa-infinite"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/infinite.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/mem/wp/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Black / invitation premium card\nSMBC Visa Infinite is a Black / invitation premium card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥99,000 including tax. It earns V POINT; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥99,000 including tax\nEarns V POINT\nPremium lounge/concierge\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥99,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Issuer screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥99,000 including tax.","url":"/en/products/smbc-visa-infinite"},{"id":"product:olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred:en","entityId":"product:olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Olive Flexible Pay Platinum Preferred","plainText":"Platinum points card\nOlive Flexible Pay Platinum Preferred is a Platinum points card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. It earns V POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥33,000 including tax\nEarns V POINT at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥33,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Requires Olive account and credit approval; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive-account/platinum-preferred/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/mem/wp/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Platinum points card\nOlive Flexible Pay Platinum Preferred is a Platinum points card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. It earns V POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥33,000 including tax\nEarns V POINT at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥33,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Requires Olive account and credit approval; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax.","url":"/en/products/olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred"},{"id":"product:ana-visa-general-smbc:en","entityId":"product:ana-visa-general-smbc","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa General (SMBC)","plainText":"airline mileage card\nANA Visa General (SMBC) is a airline mileage card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns V POINT / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns V POINT / ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-visa-general-smbc","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:ana-visa-general-smbc"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"airline mileage card\nANA Visa General (SMBC) is a airline mileage card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns V POINT / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns V POINT / ANA miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","url":"/en/products/ana-visa-general-smbc"},{"id":"product:visa-line-pay-credit-card-p:en","entityId":"product:visa-line-pay-credit-card-p","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Visa LINE Pay Credit Card P+","plainText":"telecom and mobile-payment card\nVisa LINE Pay Credit Card P+ is a telecom and mobile-payment card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns LINE Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns LINE Points at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on Visa\nAvailability: may be closed to new applications.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/visa-line-pay-credit-card-p","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:visa-line-pay-credit-card-p"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"http://smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/lpay/index2.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/linepay/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"telecom and mobile-payment card\nVisa LINE Pay Credit Card P+ is a telecom and mobile-payment card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns LINE Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns LINE Points at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on Visa\nAvailability: may be closed to new applications.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is free. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/visa-line-pay-credit-card-p"},{"id":"product:rakuten-bank-card:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-bank-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Bank Card","plainText":"bank-linked card\nRakuten Bank Card is a bank-linked card from Rakuten Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; Rakuten Bank account; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-bank-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-bank-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/card/rc/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"bank-linked card\nRakuten Bank Card is a bank-linked card from Rakuten Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; Rakuten Bank account; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/rakuten-bank-card"},{"id":"product:rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten ANA Mileage Club Card","plainText":"airline mileage card\nRakuten ANA Mileage Club Card is a airline mileage card from Rakuten Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Rakuten Points or ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥550 including tax\nEarns Rakuten Points or ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥550 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-amc-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-amc-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"airline mileage card\nRakuten ANA Mileage Club Card is a airline mileage card from Rakuten Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Rakuten Points or ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥550 including tax\nEarns Rakuten Points or ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥550 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","url":"/en/products/rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card"},{"id":"product:rakuten-card-academy:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-card-academy","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Card Academy","plainText":"student card\nRakuten Card Academy is a student card from Rakuten Card, issued on Visa and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18–28 student; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-card-academy","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-card-academy"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-card-academy/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"student card\nRakuten Card Academy is a student card from Rakuten Card, issued on Visa and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18–28 student; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/rakuten-card-academy"},{"id":"product:alpen-group-rakuten-card:en","entityId":"product:alpen-group-rakuten-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Alpen Group Rakuten Card","plainText":"retail card\nAlpen Group Rakuten Card is a retail card from Rakuten Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points / Alpen points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points / Alpen points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/alpen-group-rakuten-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:alpen-group-rakuten-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/alpen-rakuten-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/alpen-group/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nAlpen Group Rakuten Card is a retail card from Rakuten Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points / Alpen points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points / Alpen points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/alpen-group-rakuten-card"},{"id":"product:mizuho-rakuten-card:en","entityId":"product:mizuho-rakuten-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mizuho Rakuten Card","plainText":"bank-linked card\nMizuho Rakuten Card is a bank-linked card from Rakuten Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; Mizuho account conditions; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mizuho-rakuten-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:mizuho-rakuten-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/mizuho-rakuten-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"bank-linked card\nMizuho Rakuten Card is a bank-linked card from Rakuten Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; Mizuho account conditions; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/mizuho-rakuten-card"},{"id":"product:hirogin-rakuten-card:en","entityId":"product:hirogin-rakuten-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Hirogin Rakuten Card","plainText":"bank-linked card\nHirogin Rakuten Card is a bank-linked card from Rakuten Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; regional bank conditions; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/hirogin-rakuten-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:hirogin-rakuten-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/hirogin-rakuten-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"bank-linked card\nHirogin Rakuten Card is a bank-linked card from Rakuten Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; regional bank conditions; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/hirogin-rakuten-card"},{"id":"product:rakuten-card-my-color-selection:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-card-my-color-selection","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Card My Color Selection","plainText":"design card\nRakuten Card My Color Selection is a design card from Rakuten Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-card-my-color-selection","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-card-my-color-selection"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/design-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"design card\nRakuten Card My Color Selection is a design card from Rakuten Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/rakuten-card-my-color-selection"},{"id":"product:rakuten-card-disney-design:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-card-disney-design","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Card Disney Design","plainText":"design card\nRakuten Card Disney Design is a design card from Rakuten Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-card-disney-design","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-card-disney-design"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/design-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"design card\nRakuten Card Disney Design is a design card from Rakuten Card, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/rakuten-card-disney-design"},{"id":"product:rakuten-card-sanrio-designs:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-card-sanrio-designs","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Card Sanrio Designs","plainText":"design card\nRakuten Card Sanrio Designs is a design card from Rakuten Card, issued on Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-card-sanrio-designs","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-card-sanrio-designs"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/design-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"design card\nRakuten Card Sanrio Designs is a design card from Rakuten Card, issued on Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Rakuten Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Rakuten Points at about 1% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/rakuten-card-sanrio-designs"},{"id":"product:jq-card-epos-gold:en","entityId":"product:jq-card-epos-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JQ Card Epos Gold","plainText":"Gold points card\nJQ Card Epos Gold is a Gold points card from Epos Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥5,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Epos Points / JR Kyushu Q points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥5,000 including tax\nEarns Epos Points / JR Kyushu Q points at about 0.5% base rate\nDomestic lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / conditions; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥5,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jq-card-epos-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:jq-card-epos-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/collabo/jq/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/cardlineup/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/gecard/jq/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold points card\nJQ Card Epos Gold is a Gold points card from Epos Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥5,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Epos Points / JR Kyushu Q points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥5,000 including tax\nEarns Epos Points / JR Kyushu Q points at about 0.5% base rate\nDomestic lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / conditions; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥5,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","url":"/en/products/jq-card-epos-gold"},{"id":"product:mga-epos-card:en","entityId":"product:mga-epos-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MGA Epos Card","plainText":"design card\nMGA Epos Card is a design card from Epos Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Epos Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Epos Points at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mga-epos-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:mga-epos-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/gecard/ec00007/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/cardlineup/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"design card\nMGA Epos Card is a design card from Epos Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Epos Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Epos Points at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/mga-epos-card"},{"id":"product:chiikawa-epos-card:en","entityId":"product:chiikawa-epos-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Chiikawa Epos Card","plainText":"design card\nChiikawa Epos Card is a design card from Epos Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Epos Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Epos Points at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/chiikawa-epos-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:chiikawa-epos-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/gecard/chiikawa/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/cardlineup/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"design card\nChiikawa Epos Card is a design card from Epos Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Epos Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Epos Points at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/chiikawa-epos-card"},{"id":"product:sumikko-gurashi-epos-card:en","entityId":"product:sumikko-gurashi-epos-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sumikko Gurashi Epos Card","plainText":"design card\nSumikko Gurashi Epos Card is a design card from Epos Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Epos Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Epos Points at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/sumikko-gurashi-epos-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:sumikko-gurashi-epos-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/gecard/sumikko/","official":true},{"publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/cardlineup/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Epos Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"design card\nSumikko Gurashi Epos Card is a design card from Epos Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Epos Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Epos Points at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/sumikko-gurashi-epos-card"},{"id":"product:american-express-centurion:en","entityId":"product:american-express-centurion","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"American Express Centurion","plainText":"Black / invitation premium card\nAmerican Express Centurion is a Black / invitation premium card from American Express, issued on American Express. The issuer does not publish a single annual fee for this card in the reviewed material. It earns Membership Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee stated on the issuer page\nEarns Membership Rewards\nPremium lounges/concierge\nAvailability: invitation only.\nStated eligibility: Invitation; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe issuer does not publish a single annual fee for this card in the reviewed material.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/american-express-centurion","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:american-express-centurion"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/benefits/centurion/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Black / invitation premium card\nAmerican Express Centurion is a Black / invitation premium card from American Express, issued on American Express. The issuer does not publish a single annual fee for this card in the reviewed material. It earns Membership Rewards; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee stated on the issuer page\nEarns Membership Rewards\nPremium lounges/concierge\nAvailability: invitation only.\nStated eligibility: Invitation; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe issuer does not publish a single annual fee for this card in the reviewed material.","url":"/en/products/american-express-centurion"},{"id":"product:marriott-bonvoy-amex:en","entityId":"product:marriott-bonvoy-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Marriott Bonvoy Amex","plainText":"travel card\nMarriott Bonvoy Amex is a travel card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥34,100 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Marriott Bonvoy points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥34,100 including tax\nEarns Marriott Bonvoy points\nHotel benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥34,100 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥34,100 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/marriott-bonvoy-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:marriott-bonvoy-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/marriott-bonvoy-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/marriott-bonvoy-premium-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"travel card\nMarriott Bonvoy Amex is a travel card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥34,100 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Marriott Bonvoy points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥34,100 including tax\nEarns Marriott Bonvoy points\nHotel benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥34,100 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥34,100 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/marriott-bonvoy-amex"},{"id":"product:marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium:en","entityId":"product:marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Marriott Bonvoy Amex Premium","plainText":"Premium travel card\nMarriott Bonvoy Amex Premium is a Premium travel card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥82,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Marriott Bonvoy points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥82,500 including tax\nEarns Marriott Bonvoy points\nHotel benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥82,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥82,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/marriott-bonvoy-premium/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/marriott-bonvoy-premium-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Premium travel card\nMarriott Bonvoy Amex Premium is a Premium travel card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥82,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Marriott Bonvoy points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥82,500 including tax\nEarns Marriott Bonvoy points\nHotel benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥82,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥82,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium"},{"id":"product:hilton-honors-amex:en","entityId":"product:hilton-honors-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Hilton Honors Amex","plainText":"travel card\nHilton Honors Amex is a travel card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Hilton Honors points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥16,500 including tax\nEarns Hilton Honors points\nHotel benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥16,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/hilton-honors-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:hilton-honors-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/hilton-classic-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/hilton-premium-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"travel card\nHilton Honors Amex is a travel card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Hilton Honors points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥16,500 including tax\nEarns Hilton Honors points\nHotel benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥16,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/hilton-honors-amex"},{"id":"product:hilton-honors-amex-premium:en","entityId":"product:hilton-honors-amex-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Hilton Honors Amex Premium","plainText":"Premium travel card\nHilton Honors Amex Premium is a Premium travel card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥66,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Hilton Honors points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥66,000 including tax\nEarns Hilton Honors points\nHotel benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥66,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥66,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/hilton-honors-amex-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:hilton-honors-amex-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/hilton-premium-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/hilton-premium-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Premium travel card\nHilton Honors Amex Premium is a Premium travel card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥66,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Hilton Honors points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥66,000 including tax\nEarns Hilton Honors points\nHotel benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥66,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥66,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/hilton-honors-amex-premium"},{"id":"product:delta-skymiles-amex:en","entityId":"product:delta-skymiles-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Delta SkyMiles Amex","plainText":"airline mileage card\nDelta SkyMiles Amex is a airline mileage card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥13,200 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Delta SkyMiles; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥13,200 including tax\nEarns Delta SkyMiles\nAirport lounge benefit\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥13,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥13,200 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/delta-skymiles-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:delta-skymiles-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/delta-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/delta-skymiles-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"airline mileage card\nDelta SkyMiles Amex is a airline mileage card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥13,200 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Delta SkyMiles; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥13,200 including tax\nEarns Delta SkyMiles\nAirport lounge benefit\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥13,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥13,200 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/delta-skymiles-amex"},{"id":"product:delta-skymiles-amex-gold:en","entityId":"product:delta-skymiles-amex-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Delta SkyMiles Amex Gold","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nDelta SkyMiles Amex Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥28,600 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Delta SkyMiles; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥28,600 including tax\nEarns Delta SkyMiles\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥28,600 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥28,600 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/delta-skymiles-amex-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:delta-skymiles-amex-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/delta-gold-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/delta-skymiles-gold-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold airline mileage card\nDelta SkyMiles Amex Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥28,600 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Delta SkyMiles; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥28,600 including tax\nEarns Delta SkyMiles\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥28,600 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥28,600 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/delta-skymiles-amex-gold"},{"id":"product:persona-stacia-amex:en","entityId":"product:persona-stacia-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Persona STACIA Amex","plainText":"rail and transit card\nPersona STACIA Amex is a rail and transit card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns S Points / Membership Rewards-like program; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥15,400 including tax\nEarns S Points / Membership Rewards-like program\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥15,400 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/persona-stacia-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:persona-stacia-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/benefits/persona-stacia-american-express-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/persona-stacia-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"rail and transit card\nPersona STACIA Amex is a rail and transit card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns S Points / Membership Rewards-like program; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥15,400 including tax\nEarns S Points / Membership Rewards-like program\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥15,400 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/persona-stacia-amex"},{"id":"product:amex-business-green:en","entityId":"product:amex-business-green","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Amex Business Green","plainText":"business card\nAmex Business Green is a business card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥13,200 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Membership Rewards at a published base rate of about 0.3% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥13,200 including tax\nEarns Membership Rewards at about 0.3% base rate\nAirport lounge benefit\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥13,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: Business owners / corporations; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥13,200 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/amex-business-green","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-business-green"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/green-business-corp-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"business card\nAmex Business Green is a business card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥13,200 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Membership Rewards at a published base rate of about 0.3% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥13,200 including tax\nEarns Membership Rewards at about 0.3% base rate\nAirport lounge benefit\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥13,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: Business owners / corporations; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥13,200 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/amex-business-green"},{"id":"product:amex-business-gold:en","entityId":"product:amex-business-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Amex Business Gold","plainText":"Gold business card\nAmex Business Gold is a Gold business card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥49,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Membership Rewards at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥49,500 including tax\nEarns Membership Rewards at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥49,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: Business owners / corporations; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥49,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/amex-business-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-business-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/gold-business-corp-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold business card\nAmex Business Gold is a Gold business card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥49,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Membership Rewards at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥49,500 including tax\nEarns Membership Rewards at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥49,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: Business owners / corporations; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥49,500 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/amex-business-gold"},{"id":"product:amex-business-platinum:en","entityId":"product:amex-business-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Amex Business Platinum","plainText":"Platinum business card\nAmex Business Platinum is a Platinum business card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥165,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Membership Rewards at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥165,000 including tax\nEarns Membership Rewards at about 1% base rate\nGlobal lounge collection/concierge\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥165,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Business owners / corporations; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥165,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/amex-business-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-business-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/platinum-business-corp-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"American Express International, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Platinum business card\nAmex Business Platinum is a Platinum business card from American Express, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥165,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns Membership Rewards at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥165,000 including tax\nEarns Membership Rewards at about 1% base rate\nGlobal lounge collection/concierge\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥165,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Business owners / corporations; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥165,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/amex-business-platinum"},{"id":"product:life-card:en","entityId":"product:life-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Life Card","plainText":"everyday card\nLife Card is a everyday card from Life Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns LIFE Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns LIFE Points at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel cover not on basic card\nStated eligibility: Japan resident 18+ reachable by phone; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/life-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:life-card"],"families":["family:life-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/lifecard/","official":true},{"publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/lifepoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"everyday card\nLife Card is a everyday card from Life Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns LIFE Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns LIFE Points at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel cover not on basic card\nStated eligibility: Japan resident 18+ reachable by phone; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/life-card"},{"id":"product:life-card-for-students:en","entityId":"product:life-card-for-students","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Life Card for Students","plainText":"student card\nLife Card for Students is a student card from Life Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns LIFE Points / cashback at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns LIFE Points / cashback at about 0.5% base rate\nOverseas travel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18–25 student; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/life-card-for-students","relationships":{"providers":["provider:life-card"],"families":["family:life-card-for-students"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/std/","official":true},{"publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/student/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"student card\nLife Card for Students is a student card from Life Card, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns LIFE Points / cashback at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns LIFE Points / cashback at about 0.5% base rate\nOverseas travel insurance\nStated eligibility: 18–25 student; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/life-card-for-students"},{"id":"product:life-card-gold:en","entityId":"product:life-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Life Card Gold","plainText":"Gold travel card\nLife Card Gold is a Gold travel card from Life Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns LIFE Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns LIFE Points at about 0.5% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 23+ with stable income guideline; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/life-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:life-card"],"families":["family:life-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/gold/","official":true},{"publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/lifepoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold travel card\nLife Card Gold is a Gold travel card from Life Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying. It earns LIFE Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns LIFE Points at about 0.5% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 23+ with stable income guideline; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. Verify the current amount on the issuer page before applying.","url":"/en/products/life-card-gold"},{"id":"product:deposit-life-card:en","entityId":"product:deposit-life-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Deposit Life Card","plainText":"everyday card\nDeposit Life Card is a everyday card from Life Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. It earns LIFE Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥5,500 including tax\nEarns LIFE Points at about 0.5% base rate\nETC availability depends on tier\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; deposit and screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/deposit-life-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:life-card"],"families":["family:deposit-life-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/dp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Life Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/lifepoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"everyday card\nDeposit Life Card is a everyday card from Life Card, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. It earns LIFE Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥5,500 including tax\nEarns LIFE Points at about 0.5% base rate\nETC availability depends on tier\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; deposit and screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax.","url":"/en/products/deposit-life-card"},{"id":"product:seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated:en","entityId":"product:seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Seven Card Plus nanaco Integrated","plainText":"retail card\nSeven Card Plus nanaco Integrated is a retail card from Seven Card Service, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns nanaco points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns nanaco points at about 0.5% base rate\nShopping protection\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated","relationships":{"providers":["provider:seven-card-service"],"families":["family:seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Seven Card Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.7card.co.jp/card/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Seven Card Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Seven Card Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.7card.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nSeven Card Plus nanaco Integrated is a retail card from Seven Card Service, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns nanaco points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns nanaco points at about 0.5% base rate\nShopping protection\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated"},{"id":"product:seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked:en","entityId":"product:seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Seven Card Plus nanaco Linked","plainText":"retail card\nSeven Card Plus nanaco Linked is a retail card from Seven Card Service, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns nanaco points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns nanaco points at about 0.5% base rate\nShopping protection\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked","relationships":{"providers":["provider:seven-card-service"],"families":["family:seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Seven Card Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.7card.co.jp/card/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Seven Card Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Seven Card Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.7card.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nSeven Card Plus nanaco Linked is a retail card from Seven Card Service, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns nanaco points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns nanaco points at about 0.5% base rate\nShopping protection\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked"},{"id":"product:recruit-card:en","entityId":"product:recruit-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Recruit Card","plainText":"points card\nRecruit Card is a points card from Recruit, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Recruit Points / Ponta / d POINT at a published base rate of about 1.2% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Recruit Points / Ponta / d POINT at about 1.2% base rate\nTravel insurance subject to use\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/recruit-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:recruit"],"families":["family:recruit-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Recruit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://recruit-card.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Recruit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Recruit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://recruit-card.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"points card\nRecruit Card is a points card from Recruit, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Recruit Points / Ponta / d POINT at a published base rate of about 1.2% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Recruit Points / Ponta / d POINT at about 1.2% base rate\nTravel insurance subject to use\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/recruit-card"},{"id":"product:mercard:en","entityId":"product:mercard","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mercard","plainText":"retail card\nMercard is a retail card from Mercari / Merpay, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Mercari Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Mercari Points at about 1% base rate\nNo family/ETC\nStated eligibility: 18+; Mercari account; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mercard","relationships":{"providers":["provider:merpay"],"families":["family:mercard"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Merpay, Inc.","url":"https://www.merpay.com/mercard/standard/","official":true},{"publisher":"Merpay, Inc.","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Merpay, Inc.","url":"https://www.mercard.me/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nMercard is a retail card from Mercari / Merpay, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns Mercari Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Mercari Points at about 1% base rate\nNo family/ETC\nStated eligibility: 18+; Mercari account; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/mercard"},{"id":"product:mercard-gold:en","entityId":"product:mercard-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mercard Gold","plainText":"Gold retail card\nMercard Gold is a Gold retail card from Mercari / Merpay, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥5,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Mercari Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥5,000 including tax\nEarns Mercari Points at about 1% base rate\nNo family card; verify ETC\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; Mercari account / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥5,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mercard-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:merpay"],"families":["family:mercard-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Merpay, Inc.","url":"https://www.merpay.com/mercard/gold/","official":true},{"publisher":"Merpay, Inc.","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Merpay, Inc.","url":"https://www.mercard.me/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold retail card\nMercard Gold is a Gold retail card from Mercari / Merpay, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥5,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Mercari Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥5,000 including tax\nEarns Mercari Points at about 1% base rate\nNo family card; verify ETC\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; Mercari account / screening; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥5,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","url":"/en/products/mercard-gold"},{"id":"product:gold-point-card-plus:en","entityId":"product:gold-point-card-plus","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Gold Point Card Plus","plainText":"retail card\nGold Point Card Plus is a retail card from Yodobashi Gold Point Marketing, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Yodobashi Gold Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Yodobashi Gold Points at about 1% base rate\nPurchase protection\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/gold-point-card-plus","relationships":{"providers":["provider:goldpoint-marketing"],"families":["family:gold-point-card-plus"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Gold Point Marketing Corporation","url":"https://www.goldpoint.co.jp/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"Gold Point Marketing Corporation","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Gold Point Marketing Corporation","url":"https://www.goldpoint.co.jp/card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nGold Point Card Plus is a retail card from Yodobashi Gold Point Marketing, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Yodobashi Gold Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Yodobashi Gold Points at about 1% base rate\nPurchase protection\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/gold-point-card-plus"},{"id":"product:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo:en","entityId":"product:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Tokyu Card ClubQ JMB PASMO","plainText":"airline mileage card\nTokyu Card ClubQ JMB PASMO is a airline mileage card from Tokyu Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns TOKYU POINT / JAL miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,100 including tax\nEarns TOKYU POINT / JAL miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,100 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo","relationships":{"providers":["provider:tokyu-card"],"families":["family:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"TOKYU CARD, INC.","url":"https://www.topcard.co.jp/card/jmbpasmo/","official":true},{"publisher":"TOKYU CARD, INC.","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"TOKYU CARD, INC.","url":"https://www.topcard.co.jp/card/lineup/tokyu_card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"airline mileage card\nTokyu Card ClubQ JMB PASMO is a airline mileage card from Tokyu Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns TOKYU POINT / JAL miles at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥1,100 including tax\nEarns TOKYU POINT / JAL miles at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,100 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","url":"/en/products/tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo"},{"id":"product:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold:en","entityId":"product:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Tokyu Card ClubQ JMB Gold","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nTokyu Card ClubQ JMB Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from Tokyu Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥6,600 including tax. It earns TOKYU POINT / JAL miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥6,600 including tax\nEarns TOKYU POINT / JAL miles at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥6,600 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥6,600 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:tokyu-card"],"families":["family:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"TOKYU CARD, INC.","url":"https://www.topcard.co.jp/card/jmb-gold/","official":true},{"publisher":"TOKYU CARD, INC.","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"TOKYU CARD, INC.","url":"https://www.topcard.co.jp/card/lineup/gold/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold airline mileage card\nTokyu Card ClubQ JMB Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from Tokyu Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥6,600 including tax. It earns TOKYU POINT / JAL miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥6,600 including tax\nEarns TOKYU POINT / JAL miles at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥6,600 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥6,600 including tax.","url":"/en/products/tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold"},{"id":"product:to-me-card-prime-pasmo:en","entityId":"product:to-me-card-prime-pasmo","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"To Me Card Prime PASMO","plainText":"rail and transit card\nTo Me Card Prime PASMO is a rail and transit card from Tokyo Metro, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Metro Points / issuer points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns Metro Points / issuer points at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance by issuer\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/to-me-card-prime-pasmo","relationships":{"providers":["provider:tokyo-metro"],"families":["family:to-me-card-prime-pasmo"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Tokyo Metro Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.to-me-card.jp/admission/tome-prime/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Metro Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Metro Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.to-me-card.jp/admission/tomeprime/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"rail and transit card\nTo Me Card Prime PASMO is a rail and transit card from Tokyo Metro, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Metro Points / issuer points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns Metro Points / issuer points at about 0.5% base rate\nTravel insurance by issuer\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","url":"/en/products/to-me-card-prime-pasmo"},{"id":"product:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold:en","entityId":"product:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"ANA To Me Card PASMO JCB Gold","plainText":"Gold airline mileage card\nANA To Me Card PASMO JCB Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from Tokyo Metro, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax. It earns J-POINT / Metro Points / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥15,400 including tax\nEarns J-POINT / Metro Points / ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nDomestic lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥15,400 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:tokyo-metro"],"families":["family:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Tokyo Metro Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.to-me-card.jp/admission/tome-ana-gold/","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Metro Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Metro Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.to-me-card.jp/admission/anagold/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold airline mileage card\nANA To Me Card PASMO JCB Gold is a Gold airline mileage card from Tokyo Metro, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax. It earns J-POINT / Metro Points / ANA miles at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥15,400 including tax\nEarns J-POINT / Metro Points / ANA miles at about 1% base rate\nDomestic lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥15,400 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥15,400 including tax.","url":"/en/products/ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold"},{"id":"product:mi-card-plus:en","entityId":"product:mi-card-plus","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MI Card Plus","plainText":"retail card\nMI Card Plus is a retail card from MI Card, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns MI Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥550 including tax\nEarns MI Points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥550 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mi-card-plus","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mi-card"],"families":["family:mi-card-plus"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MI Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/plus_basic.html?id=plus","official":true},{"publisher":"MI Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"MI Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/micardplus.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nMI Card Plus is a retail card from MI Card, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns MI Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥550 including tax\nEarns MI Points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥550 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","url":"/en/products/mi-card-plus"},{"id":"product:mi-card-plus-gold:en","entityId":"product:mi-card-plus-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MI Card Plus Gold","plainText":"Gold travel card\nMI Card Plus Gold is a Gold travel card from MI Card, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns MI Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns MI Points at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mi-card-plus-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mi-card"],"families":["family:mi-card-plus-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MI Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/plus_basic.html?id=plus","official":true},{"publisher":"MI Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"MI Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/micardplus_gold.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold travel card\nMI Card Plus Gold is a Gold travel card from MI Card, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns MI Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns MI Points at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","url":"/en/products/mi-card-plus-gold"},{"id":"product:takashimaya-card:en","entityId":"product:takashimaya-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Takashimaya Card","plainText":"retail card\nTakashimaya Card is a retail card from Takashimaya Financial Partners, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Takashimaya points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns Takashimaya points\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/takashimaya-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:takashimaya-financial-partners"],"families":["family:takashimaya-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Takashimaya Financial Partners Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.takashimaya-fp.co.jp/card/gt/","official":true},{"publisher":"Takashimaya Financial Partners Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Takashimaya Financial Partners Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.takashimaya-fp.co.jp/card/lineup/t-card.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nTakashimaya Card is a retail card from Takashimaya Financial Partners, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Takashimaya points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns Takashimaya points\nTravel insurance\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","url":"/en/products/takashimaya-card"},{"id":"product:takashimaya-card-gold:en","entityId":"product:takashimaya-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Takashimaya Card Gold","plainText":"Gold travel card\nTakashimaya Card Gold is a Gold travel card from Takashimaya Financial Partners, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns Takashimaya points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Takashimaya points\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 30+ guideline / stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/takashimaya-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:takashimaya-financial-partners"],"families":["family:takashimaya-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Takashimaya Financial Partners Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.takashimaya-fp.co.jp/card/gt/","official":true},{"publisher":"Takashimaya Financial Partners Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Takashimaya Financial Partners Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.takashimaya-fp.co.jp/card/lineup/t-gold.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold travel card\nTakashimaya Card Gold is a Gold travel card from Takashimaya Financial Partners, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns Takashimaya points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Takashimaya points\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 30+ guideline / stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","url":"/en/products/takashimaya-card-gold"},{"id":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-card:en","entityId":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Card","plainText":"retail card\nDaimaru Matsuzakaya Card is a retail card from JFR Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at about 0.5% base rate\nOverseas travel cover subject to use; shopping and phone protection\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/daimaru-matsuzakaya-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:daimaru-matsuzakaya-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/dmcard/","official":true},{"publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nDaimaru Matsuzakaya Card is a retail card from JFR Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at about 0.5% base rate\nOverseas travel cover subject to use; shopping and phone protection\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","url":"/en/products/daimaru-matsuzakaya-card"},{"id":"product:ucs-card:en","entityId":"product:ucs-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"UCS Card","plainText":"retail card\nUCS Card is a retail card from UCS, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns U-POINT / majica points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns U-POINT / majica points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ucs-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ucs"],"families":["family:ucs-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"UCS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/ucscard/","official":true},{"publisher":"UCS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"UCS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/ucs/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nUCS Card is a retail card from UCS, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns U-POINT / majica points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns U-POINT / majica points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/ucs-card"},{"id":"product:apollostation-card:en","entityId":"product:apollostation-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"apollostation card","plainText":"fuel card\napollostation card is a fuel card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Plus Points / fuel discount at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Plus Points / fuel discount at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/apollostation-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:apollostation-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/apollostation/","official":true},{"publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/apollostation/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"fuel card\napollostation card is a fuel card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Plus Points / fuel discount at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Plus Points / fuel discount at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/apollostation-card"},{"id":"product:apollostation-the-gold:en","entityId":"product:apollostation-the-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"apollostation The Gold","plainText":"Gold travel card\napollostation The Gold is a Gold travel card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Plus Points / fuel discount; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Plus Points / fuel discount\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 25+ guideline / stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/apollostation-the-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:apollostation-the-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/thegold/","official":true},{"publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/thegold/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold travel card\napollostation The Gold is a Gold travel card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Plus Points / fuel discount; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns Plus Points / fuel discount\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 25+ guideline / stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","url":"/en/products/apollostation-the-gold"},{"id":"product:cosmo-the-card-house:en","entityId":"product:cosmo-the-card-house","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Cosmo The Card House","plainText":"fuel card\nCosmo The Card House is a fuel card from Cosmo Oil Marketing, issued on House card (no international network). The annual fee is free. It earns Fuel discount; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Fuel discount\nFamily/ETC terms\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/cosmo-the-card-house","relationships":{"providers":["provider:cosmo-oil-marketing"],"families":["family:cosmo-the-card-house"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Cosmo Oil Marketing Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cosmo-thecard.com/cblp/card/house.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Cosmo Oil Marketing Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Cosmo Oil Marketing Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.cosmo-thecard.com/cblp/card/house.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"fuel card\nCosmo The Card House is a fuel card from Cosmo Oil Marketing, issued on House card (no international network). The annual fee is free. It earns Fuel discount; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Fuel discount\nFamily/ETC terms\nStated eligibility: 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/cosmo-the-card-house"},{"id":"product:monex-card:en","entityId":"product:monex-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Monex Card","plainText":"investing-linked card\nMonex Card is a investing-linked card from Monex, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Monex Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥550 including tax\nEarns Monex Points at about 1% base rate\nETC available\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥550 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; Monex account for investing features; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/monex-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:monex"],"families":["family:monex-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Monex, Inc.","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/fund/tsumitate/card-tsumitate/monex-card/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex, Inc.","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex, Inc.","url":"https://www.monex.co.jp/service/monex-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"investing-linked card\nMonex Card is a investing-linked card from Monex, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Monex Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥550 including tax\nEarns Monex Points at about 1% base rate\nETC available\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥550 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; Monex account for investing features; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥550 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","url":"/en/products/monex-card"},{"id":"product:bitflyer-credit-card:en","entityId":"product:bitflyer-credit-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"bitFlyer Credit Card","plainText":"crypto-rewards card\nbitFlyer Credit Card is a crypto-rewards card from bitFlyer, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns Bitcoin rewards at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Bitcoin rewards at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on Mastercard\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/bitflyer-credit-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:bitflyer"],"families":["family:bitflyer-credit-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"bitFlyer, Inc.","url":"https://bitflyer.com/ja-jp/s/lp/creditcard/","official":true},{"publisher":"bitFlyer, Inc.","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"bitFlyer, Inc.","url":"https://bitflyer.com/ja-jp/credit-card","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"crypto-rewards card\nbitFlyer Credit Card is a crypto-rewards card from bitFlyer, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns Bitcoin rewards at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Bitcoin rewards at about 0.5% base rate\nAvailable on Mastercard\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/bitflyer-credit-card"},{"id":"product:bitflyer-platinum-card:en","entityId":"product:bitflyer-platinum-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"bitFlyer Platinum Card","plainText":"Platinum crypto-rewards card\nbitFlyer Platinum Card is a Platinum crypto-rewards card from bitFlyer, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Bitcoin rewards at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥16,500 including tax\nEarns Bitcoin rewards at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥16,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/bitflyer-platinum-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:bitflyer"],"families":["family:bitflyer-platinum-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"bitFlyer, Inc.","url":"https://bitflyer.com/ja-jp/s/lp/creditcard/","official":true},{"publisher":"bitFlyer, Inc.","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"bitFlyer, Inc.","url":"https://bitflyer.com/ja-jp/credit-card","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Platinum crypto-rewards card\nbitFlyer Platinum Card is a Platinum crypto-rewards card from bitFlyer, issued on Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Bitcoin rewards at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-13.\nAnnual fee ¥16,500 including tax\nEarns Bitcoin rewards at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥16,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","url":"/en/products/bitflyer-platinum-card"},{"id":"product:uc-platinum-card:en","entityId":"product:uc-platinum-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"UC Platinum Card","plainText":"Platinum travel card\nUC Platinum Card is a Platinum travel card from UC Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax. It earns UC Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥16,500 including tax\nEarns UC Points at about 1% base rate\nVisa concierge and airport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥16,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: Stable income and social credit; students/minors excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/uc-platinum-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:uc-card"],"families":["family:uc-platinum-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"UC Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www2.uccard.co.jp/card/lineup/uc_platinum.html","official":true},{"publisher":"UC Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www2.uccard.co.jp/card/lineup/uc_platinum.html","official":true},{"publisher":"UC Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www2.uccard.co.jp/card/lineup/uc_platinum.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Platinum travel card\nUC Platinum Card is a Platinum travel card from UC Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax. It earns UC Points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥16,500 including tax\nEarns UC Points at about 1% base rate\nVisa concierge and airport lounge benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥16,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: Stable income and social credit; students/minors excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥16,500 including tax.","url":"/en/products/uc-platinum-card"},{"id":"product:smbc-business-owners:en","entityId":"product:smbc-business-owners","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SMBC Business Owners","plainText":"business card\nSMBC Business Owners is a business card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns V POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns V POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nBusiness support; app-based management\nStated eligibility: Corporate representative or sole proprietor; age conditions apply; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/smbc-business-owners","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-business-owners"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/mem/wp/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"business card\nSMBC Business Owners is a business card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is free. It earns V POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns V POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nBusiness support; app-based management\nStated eligibility: Corporate representative or sole proprietor; age conditions apply; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/smbc-business-owners"},{"id":"product:smbc-business-owners-gold:en","entityId":"product:smbc-business-owners-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SMBC Business Owners Gold","plainText":"Gold points card\nSMBC Business Owners Gold is a Gold points card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. It earns V POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥5,500 including tax\nEarns V POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nDomestic airport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: Corporate representative or sole proprietor; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/smbc-business-owners-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-business-owners-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_gold.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_gold.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/mem/wp/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold points card\nSMBC Business Owners Gold is a Gold points card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. It earns V POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥5,500 including tax\nEarns V POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nDomestic airport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: Corporate representative or sole proprietor; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax.","url":"/en/products/smbc-business-owners-gold"},{"id":"product:smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred:en","entityId":"product:smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SMBC Business Owners Platinum Preferred","plainText":"Platinum points card\nSMBC Business Owners Platinum Preferred is a Platinum points card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. It earns V POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥33,000 including tax\nEarns V POINT at about 1% base rate\nConcierge; DragonPass tickets after qualifying annual spend\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥33,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Corporate representative or sole proprietor age 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_platinum-preferred.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_platinum-preferred.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/mem/wp/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Platinum points card\nSMBC Business Owners Platinum Preferred is a Platinum points card from Sumitomo Mitsui Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. It earns V POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥33,000 including tax\nEarns V POINT at about 1% base rate\nConcierge; DragonPass tickets after qualifying annual spend\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥33,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Corporate representative or sole proprietor age 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax.","url":"/en/products/smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred"},{"id":"product:saison-platinum-business-american-express-card:en","entityId":"product:saison-platinum-business-american-express-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saison Platinum Business American Express Card","plainText":"Platinum travel card\nSaison Platinum Business American Express Card is a Platinum travel card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥33,000 including tax\nEarns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) at about 0.5% base rate\nPriority Pass and concierge\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥33,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Sole proprietors, executives and other eligible adults; students/minors excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/saison-platinum-business-american-express-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-platinum-business-american-express-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/platinumbusiness/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/platinumbusiness/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Platinum travel card\nSaison Platinum Business American Express Card is a Platinum travel card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥33,000 including tax\nEarns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) at about 0.5% base rate\nPriority Pass and concierge\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥33,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Sole proprietors, executives and other eligible adults; students/minors excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥33,000 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","url":"/en/products/saison-platinum-business-american-express-card"},{"id":"product:saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card:en","entityId":"product:saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Saison Cobalt Business American Express Card","plainText":"points card\nSaison Cobalt Business American Express Card is a points card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) at about 0.5% base rate\nBusiness-service discounts and cash-back campaigns\nStated eligibility: Sole proprietor or corporate representative; individual underwriting; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/cobalt/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/cobalt/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"points card\nSaison Cobalt Business American Express Card is a points card from Credit Saison, issued on American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) at about 0.5% base rate\nBusiness-service discounts and cash-back campaigns\nStated eligibility: Sole proprietor or corporate representative; individual underwriting; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card"},{"id":"product:apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex:en","entityId":"product:apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"apollostation THE PLATINUM Saison Amex","plainText":"Platinum travel card\napollostation THE PLATINUM Saison Amex is a Platinum travel card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Plus Points at a published base rate of about 1.2% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥22,000 including tax\nEarns Plus Points at about 1.2% base rate\nPriority Pass (annual free-use limit applies), domestic lounges, concierge\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥22,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Adults meeting issuer criteria; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/theplatinum/","official":true},{"publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/theplatinum/","official":true},{"publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/guide/platinumbusiness/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Platinum travel card\napollostation THE PLATINUM Saison Amex is a Platinum travel card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on American Express. The annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Plus Points at a published base rate of about 1.2% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥22,000 including tax\nEarns Plus Points at about 1.2% base rate\nPriority Pass (annual free-use limit applies), domestic lounges, concierge\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥22,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Adults meeting issuer criteria; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","url":"/en/products/apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex"},{"id":"product:apollostation-platinum-business:en","entityId":"product:apollostation-platinum-business","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"apollostation Platinum Business","plainText":"Platinum fuel card\napollostation Platinum Business is a Platinum fuel card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Plus Points at a published base rate of about 0.8% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥22,000 including tax\nEarns Plus Points at about 0.8% base rate\nPriority Pass terms and annual use limit apply\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥22,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Individual business owners / small-company representatives; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/apollostation-platinum-business","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:apollostation-platinum-business"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/platinumbusiness/","official":true},{"publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/platinumbusiness/","official":true},{"publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/guide/platinumbusiness/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Platinum fuel card\napollostation Platinum Business is a Platinum fuel card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on Visa and American Express. The annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Plus Points at a published base rate of about 0.8% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥22,000 including tax\nEarns Plus Points at about 0.8% base rate\nPriority Pass terms and annual use limit apply\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥22,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: Individual business owners / small-company representatives; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥22,000 including tax. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","url":"/en/products/apollostation-platinum-business"},{"id":"product:upsider-card:en","entityId":"product:upsider-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"UPSIDER Card","plainText":"business card\nUPSIDER Card is a business card from UPSIDER, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns UPSIDER automatic cashback at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns UPSIDER automatic cashback at about 1% base rate\nExpense controls and accounting integrations\nStated eligibility: Corporations only; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/upsider-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:upsider"],"families":["family:upsider-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"UPSIDER, Inc.","url":"https://up-sider.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"UPSIDER, Inc.","url":"https://up-sider.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"UPSIDER, Inc.","url":"https://up-sider.com/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"business card\nUPSIDER Card is a business card from UPSIDER, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns UPSIDER automatic cashback at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns UPSIDER automatic cashback at about 1% base rate\nExpense controls and accounting integrations\nStated eligibility: Corporations only; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/upsider-card"},{"id":"product:mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison:en","entityId":"product:mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mitsui Shopping Park Card Saison","plainText":"retail card\nMitsui Shopping Park Card Saison is a retail card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) + Mitsui Shopping Park Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) + Mitsui Shopping Park Points at about 0.5% base rate\nFacility parking and member benefits\nStated eligibility: Adults meeting issuer criteria; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/lineup/ca150.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/lineup/ca150.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/lineup/ca150.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nMitsui Shopping Park Card Saison is a retail card from Credit Saison, issued on Visa, Mastercard, JCB and American Express. The annual fee is free. It earns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) + Mitsui Shopping Park Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Permanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) + Mitsui Shopping Park Points at about 0.5% base rate\nFacility parking and member benefits\nStated eligibility: Adults meeting issuer criteria; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison"},{"id":"product:welcia-card:en","entityId":"product:welcia-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Welcia Card","plainText":"retail card\nWelcia Card is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nAEON common benefits and Welcia customer-appreciation routes\nStated eligibility: 18+ subject to issuer conditions; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/welcia-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:welcia-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/welcia/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/welcia/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nWelcia Card is a retail card from AEON Financial Service, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns WAON POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns WAON POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nAEON common benefits and Welcia customer-appreciation routes\nStated eligibility: 18+ subject to issuer conditions; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/welcia-card"},{"id":"product:jcb-biz-one-general:en","entityId":"product:jcb-biz-one-general","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB Biz ONE General","plainText":"points card\nJCB Biz ONE General is a points card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns J-POINT at about 1% base rate\nFast digital issue and accounting links\nStated eligibility: Corporate representative or sole proprietor; user age 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-biz-one-general","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-biz-one-general"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/corporate/houjin/bizone.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/corporate/houjin/bizone.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"points card\nJCB Biz ONE General is a points card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns J-POINT at about 1% base rate\nFast digital issue and accounting links\nStated eligibility: Corporate representative or sole proprietor; user age 18+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/jcb-biz-one-general"},{"id":"product:jcb-biz-one-gold:en","entityId":"product:jcb-biz-one-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB Biz ONE Gold","plainText":"Gold points card\nJCB Biz ONE Gold is a Gold points card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥5,500 including tax\nEarns J-POINT at about 1% base rate\nDomestic airport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: Corporate representative or sole proprietor; user age 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-biz-one-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-biz-one-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/corporate/houjin/bizone.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/corporate/houjin/bizone.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold points card\nJCB Biz ONE Gold is a Gold points card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥5,500 including tax\nEarns J-POINT at about 1% base rate\nDomestic airport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥5,500 a year.\nStated eligibility: Corporate representative or sole proprietor; user age 20+; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥5,500 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","url":"/en/products/jcb-biz-one-gold"},{"id":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card:en","entityId":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Gold Card","plainText":"Gold travel card\nDaimaru Matsuzakaya Gold Card is a Gold travel card from JFR Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 25+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/dmcard/","official":true},{"publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold travel card\nDaimaru Matsuzakaya Gold Card is a Gold travel card from JFR Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 25+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","url":"/en/products/daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card"},{"id":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card:en","entityId":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Loyal Customer Gold Card","plainText":"Gold travel card\nDaimaru Matsuzakaya Loyal Customer Gold Card is a Gold travel card from JFR Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 25+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://dmdepart.jp/loyalcustomer/","official":true},{"publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold travel card\nDaimaru Matsuzakaya Loyal Customer Gold Card is a Gold travel card from JFR Card, issued on Visa and Mastercard. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns QIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya points at about 1% base rate\nAirport lounges\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 25+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","url":"/en/products/daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card"},{"id":"product:ginza-six-card:en","entityId":"product:ginza-six-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"GINZA SIX Card","plainText":"retail card\nGINZA SIX Card is a retail card from JFR Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns QIRA Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns QIRA Points at about 0.5% base rate\nDomestic travel insurance; shopping and phone protection\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ginza-six-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:ginza-six-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/ginza6card/standard.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nGINZA SIX Card is a retail card from JFR Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns QIRA Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥2,200 including tax\nEarns QIRA Points at about 0.5% base rate\nDomestic travel insurance; shopping and phone protection\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥2,200 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥2,200 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","url":"/en/products/ginza-six-card"},{"id":"product:ginza-six-prestige-card:en","entityId":"product:ginza-six-prestige-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"GINZA SIX Prestige Card","plainText":"Premium retail card\nGINZA SIX Prestige Card is a Premium retail card from JFR Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥55,000 including tax. It earns QIRA Points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥55,000 including tax\nEarns QIRA Points\nFacility parking and member benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥55,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥55,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ginza-six-prestige-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:ginza-six-prestige-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/ginza6card/prestige.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Premium retail card\nGINZA SIX Prestige Card is a Premium retail card from JFR Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥55,000 including tax. It earns QIRA Points; the issuer sets out the earning rule, exclusions and rounding on its own pages. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥55,000 including tax\nEarns QIRA Points\nFacility parking and member benefits\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥55,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥55,000 including tax.","url":"/en/products/ginza-six-prestige-card"},{"id":"product:parco-card:en","entityId":"product:parco-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PARCO Card","plainText":"retail card\nPARCO Card is a retail card from JFR Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns QIRA Points / PARCO points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥1,100 including tax\nEarns QIRA Points / PARCO points at about 0.5% base rate\nShopping protection\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,100 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/parco-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:parco-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/parcocard/","official":true},{"publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JFR Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nPARCO Card is a retail card from JFR Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns QIRA Points / PARCO points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥1,100 including tax\nEarns QIRA Points / PARCO points at about 0.5% base rate\nShopping protection\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,100 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,100 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","url":"/en/products/parco-card"},{"id":"product:jcb-gold-partner-with-point:en","entityId":"product:jcb-gold-partner-with-point","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB Gold / Partner With Point","plainText":"Gold travel card\nJCB Gold / Partner With Point is a Gold travel card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns J-POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nDomestic/overseas lounge services\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/jcb-gold-partner-with-point","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-gold-partner-with-point"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/pwp.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/lineup/?3000_3010=1","official":true},{"publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold travel card\nJCB Gold / Partner With Point is a Gold travel card from JCB, issued on JCB. The annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax. It earns J-POINT at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥11,000 including tax\nEarns J-POINT at about 0.5% base rate\nDomestic/overseas lounge services\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥11,000 a year.\nStated eligibility: 20+ with stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥11,000 including tax.","url":"/en/products/jcb-gold-partner-with-point"},{"id":"product:ucs-card-majica-gold:en","entityId":"product:ucs-card-majica-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"UCS Card majica Gold","plainText":"Gold travel card\nUCS Card majica Gold is a Gold travel card from UCS, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns U-POINT / majica points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥3,300 including tax\nEarns U-POINT / majica points at about 0.5% base rate\nDomestic/overseas lounge services\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥3,300 a year.\nStated eligibility: 30+ guideline / stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/ucs-card-majica-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ucs"],"families":["family:ucs-card-majica-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"UCS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/ucs_gold/","official":true},{"publisher":"UCS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"UCS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/u_point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Gold travel card\nUCS Card majica Gold is a Gold travel card from UCS, issued on Visa, Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. The first year is stated as free. It earns U-POINT / majica points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥3,300 including tax\nEarns U-POINT / majica points at about 0.5% base rate\nDomestic/overseas lounge services\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥3,300 a year.\nStated eligibility: 30+ guideline / stable income; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥3,300 including tax. The first year is stated as free.","url":"/en/products/ucs-card-majica-gold"},{"id":"product:majica-donpen-card:en","entityId":"product:majica-donpen-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"majica donpen card","plainText":"retail card\nmajica donpen card is a retail card from UCS, issued on Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns U-POINT / majica points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns U-POINT / majica points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/majica-donpen-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ucs"],"families":["family:majica-donpen-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"UCS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/donpen/","official":true},{"publisher":"UCS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"UCS Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/u_point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nmajica donpen card is a retail card from UCS, issued on Mastercard and JCB. The annual fee is free. It earns U-POINT / majica points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns U-POINT / majica points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/majica-donpen-card"},{"id":"product:webike-apollostation-card:en","entityId":"product:webike-apollostation-card","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Webike apollostation card","plainText":"retail card\nWebike apollostation card is a retail card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Plus Points / Webike points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Plus Points / Webike points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/webike-apollostation-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:webike-apollostation-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/webike/","official":true},{"publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nWebike apollostation card is a retail card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns Plus Points / Webike points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns Plus Points / Webike points at about 0.5% base rate\nFamily/ETC available\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/webike-apollostation-card"},{"id":"product:usappy-card-plus:en","entityId":"product:usappy-card-plus","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Usappy Card Plus","plainText":"fuel card\nUsappy Card Plus is a fuel card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Usappy points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥1,375 including tax\nEarns Usappy points at about 1% base rate\nETC available\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/usappy-card-plus","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:usappy-card-plus"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/usappyplus/","official":true},{"publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"Idemitsu Credit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"fuel card\nUsappy Card Plus is a fuel card from Idemitsu Credit, issued on Visa. The annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold. It earns Usappy points at a published base rate of about 1% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nAnnual fee ¥1,375 including tax\nEarns Usappy points at about 1% base rate\nETC available\nThe annual fee is a recurring cost — check that the benefits you will actually use exceed ¥1,375 a year.\nStated eligibility: 18+; high-school students excluded; issuance remains subject to screening.\nThe annual fee is ¥1,375 including tax. The first year is stated as free. A stated waiver condition can remove it — check the exact threshold.","url":"/en/products/usappy-card-plus"},{"id":"product:mi-card-basic:en","entityId":"product:mi-card-basic","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MI Card Basic","plainText":"retail card\nMI Card Basic is a retail card from MI Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns MI Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns MI Points at about 0.5% base rate\nNo core travel insurance highlighted\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mi-card-basic","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mi-card"],"families":["family:mi-card-basic"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MI Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/plus_basic.html?id=basic","official":true},{"publisher":"MI Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/annualfee.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"retail card\nMI Card Basic is a retail card from MI Card, issued on Visa. The annual fee is free. It earns MI Points at a published base rate of about 0.5% on eligible use; exclusions and rounding apply. Checked against the issuer's official lineup and product page on 2026-08-16.\nNo annual fee\nEarns MI Points at about 0.5% base rate\nNo core travel insurance highlighted\nStated eligibility: See official page; issuance remains subject to screening.\nRates, benefits, insurance and campaigns change; confirm the dated issuer page before applying.\nThe annual fee is free.","url":"/en/products/mi-card-basic"},{"id":"product:rakuten-securities:en","entityId":"product:rakuten-securities","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Securities","plainText":"Brokerage (NISA/iDeCo)\nA leading low-cost brokerage for NISA and index-fund investing, integrated with Rakuten points and Rakuten Bank.\nBroad low-cost index fund and ETF lineup\nNISA and iDeCo support\nPoint integration and easy Rakuten Bank linking\nInterface is Japanese-first\nPoint-program terms change periodically\nMany domestic funds and trades are low- or no-commission — verify current fee schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/rakuten-securities","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-securities"],"families":["family:rakuten-securities"],"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"investing","text":"Brokerage (NISA/iDeCo)\nA leading low-cost brokerage for NISA and index-fund investing, integrated with Rakuten points and Rakuten Bank.\nBroad low-cost index fund and ETF lineup\nNISA and iDeCo support\nPoint integration and easy Rakuten Bank linking\nInterface is Japanese-first\nPoint-program terms change periodically\nMany domestic funds and trades are low- or no-commission — verify current fee schedule.","url":"/en/products/rakuten-securities"},{"id":"product:sbi-securities:en","entityId":"product:sbi-securities","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SBI Securities","plainText":"Brokerage (NISA/iDeCo)\nJapan’s largest online brokerage by accounts, with a very broad low-cost fund lineup and full NISA/iDeCo support.\nExtensive low-cost fund and ETF selection\nNISA and iDeCo support\nMultiple point-program options\nInterface is Japanese-first and feature-dense\nChoosing among options can be complex for beginners\nMany trades and funds are low- or no-commission — verify current fee schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/sbi-securities","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sbi-securities"],"families":["family:sbi-securities"],"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"investing","text":"Brokerage (NISA/iDeCo)\nJapan’s largest online brokerage by accounts, with a very broad low-cost fund lineup and full NISA/iDeCo support.\nExtensive low-cost fund and ETF selection\nNISA and iDeCo support\nMultiple point-program options\nInterface is Japanese-first and feature-dense\nChoosing among options can be complex for beginners\nMany trades and funds are low- or no-commission — verify current fee schedule.","url":"/en/products/sbi-securities"},{"id":"product:monex:en","entityId":"product:monex","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Monex Securities","plainText":"Brokerage (NISA/iDeCo)\nAn established online brokerage often chosen for US-stock access and research tools, with NISA and iDeCo support.\nStrong US-stock lineup and research tools\nNISA and iDeCo support\nPoint-program options\nInterface is Japanese-first\nCompare fund fees against other major brokerages\nCommissions vary by product; some funds/trades are low-cost — verify current schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/monex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:monex"],"families":["family:monex"],"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Monex","url":"https://www.monex.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"investing","text":"Brokerage (NISA/iDeCo)\nAn established online brokerage often chosen for US-stock access and research tools, with NISA and iDeCo support.\nStrong US-stock lineup and research tools\nNISA and iDeCo support\nPoint-program options\nInterface is Japanese-first\nCompare fund fees against other major brokerages\nCommissions vary by product; some funds/trades are low-cost — verify current schedule.","url":"/en/products/monex"},{"id":"product:freee:en","entityId":"product:freee","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"freee","plainText":"Cloud accounting software\nBeginner-friendly cloud accounting built around guided workflows, popular with sole proprietors for blue-return filing and e-Tax.\nGuided, question-based bookkeeping for beginners\nBank/card auto-import and blue-return output\nInvoice-system and e-Tax support\nInterface is Japanese-only\nSubscription cost scales with plan and features\nSubscription plans (monthly/annual) vary by tier — verify current pricing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/freee","relationships":{"providers":["provider:freee"],"families":["family:freee"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"freee","url":"https://www.freee.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Cloud accounting software\nBeginner-friendly cloud accounting built around guided workflows, popular with sole proprietors for blue-return filing and e-Tax.\nGuided, question-based bookkeeping for beginners\nBank/card auto-import and blue-return output\nInvoice-system and e-Tax support\nInterface is Japanese-only\nSubscription cost scales with plan and features\nSubscription plans (monthly/annual) vary by tier — verify current pricing.","url":"/en/products/freee"},{"id":"product:money-forward-cloud:en","entityId":"product:money-forward-cloud","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Money Forward Cloud","plainText":"Cloud accounting software\nCloud accounting with strong automation and integrations, popular with freelancers and small companies that value flexible bookkeeping.\nExtensive bank/card/service integrations\nFlexible bookkeeping suited to growing businesses\nInvoice-system and e-Tax support\nInterface is Japanese-only\nMore flexibility can mean a steeper start than fully guided tools\nSubscription plans vary by tier — verify current pricing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/money-forward-cloud","relationships":{"providers":["provider:money-forward"],"families":["family:money-forward-cloud"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Money Forward","url":"https://biz.moneyforward.com/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Cloud accounting software\nCloud accounting with strong automation and integrations, popular with freelancers and small companies that value flexible bookkeeping.\nExtensive bank/card/service integrations\nFlexible bookkeeping suited to growing businesses\nInvoice-system and e-Tax support\nInterface is Japanese-only\nMore flexibility can mean a steeper start than fully guided tools\nSubscription plans vary by tier — verify current pricing.","url":"/en/products/money-forward-cloud"},{"id":"product:yayoi:en","entityId":"product:yayoi","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Yayoi","plainText":"Accounting software\nA long-established accounting-software brand with desktop and cloud options, widely used and supported by tax professionals.\nLong track record and wide professional familiarity\nDesktop and cloud options\nBlue-return and e-Tax support\nInterface is Japanese-only\nDesktop products differ from cloud in workflow\nDesktop license or cloud subscription depending on product — verify current pricing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/yayoi","relationships":{"providers":["provider:yayoi"],"families":["family:yayoi"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Yayoi","url":"https://www.yayoi-kk.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Accounting software\nA long-established accounting-software brand with desktop and cloud options, widely used and supported by tax professionals.\nLong track record and wide professional familiarity\nDesktop and cloud options\nBlue-return and e-Tax support\nInterface is Japanese-only\nDesktop products differ from cloud in workflow\nDesktop license or cloud subscription depending on product — verify current pricing.","url":"/en/products/yayoi"},{"id":"product:makeleaps:en","entityId":"product:makeleaps","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MakeLeaps","plainText":"Invoicing & billing\nInvoicing and quote software with an English interface, popular with freelancers and small firms billing both Japanese and overseas clients.\nBilingual (English/Japanese) interface and documents\nQuotes, invoices, delivery notes, and receipts\nRecurring billing and payment tracking; invoice-system compatible\nA billing tool, not full accounting — pair with accounting software\nSubscription cost scales with users and volume\nSubscription plans (free tier for low volume) — verify current pricing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/makeleaps","relationships":{"providers":["provider:makeleaps"],"families":["family:makeleaps"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MakeLeaps (Ricoh)","url":"https://www.makeleaps.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Invoicing & billing\nInvoicing and quote software with an English interface, popular with freelancers and small firms billing both Japanese and overseas clients.\nBilingual (English/Japanese) interface and documents\nQuotes, invoices, delivery notes, and receipts\nRecurring billing and payment tracking; invoice-system compatible\nA billing tool, not full accounting — pair with accounting software\nSubscription cost scales with users and volume\nSubscription plans (free tier for low volume) — verify current pricing.","url":"/en/products/makeleaps"},{"id":"product:misoca:en","entityId":"product:misoca","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Misoca","plainText":"Invoicing & billing\nA simple cloud invoicing tool from the Yayoi group, focused on fast quotes and invoices with automation and a generous free tier.\nFast, template-based quotes and invoices\nAutomatic recurring billing and reminders\nLinks with Yayoi accounting; invoice-system compatible\nInterface is Japanese-only\nBilling-focused — not a full accounting package\nFree tier plus paid plans by invoice volume — verify current pricing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/misoca","relationships":{"providers":["provider:misoca"],"families":["family:misoca"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Yayoi / Misoca","url":"https://www.misoca.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Invoicing & billing\nA simple cloud invoicing tool from the Yayoi group, focused on fast quotes and invoices with automation and a generous free tier.\nFast, template-based quotes and invoices\nAutomatic recurring billing and reminders\nLinks with Yayoi accounting; invoice-system compatible\nInterface is Japanese-only\nBilling-focused — not a full accounting package\nFree tier plus paid plans by invoice volume — verify current pricing.","url":"/en/products/misoca"},{"id":"product:board:en","entityId":"product:board","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"board","plainText":"Invoicing & business management\nEstimates, invoicing, and cash-flow management aimed at solo businesses and small firms that want to track jobs from quote to payment.\nQuote-to-invoice-to-payment workflow in one place\nSales forecasting and cash-flow visibility\nDocument management; invoice-system compatible\nInterface is Japanese-only\nNot a bookkeeping/accounting ledger by itself\nSubscription plans by feature tier — verify current pricing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/board","relationships":{"providers":["provider:board"],"families":["family:board"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ヴェルク株式会社 (board)","url":"https://the-board.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Invoicing & business management\nEstimates, invoicing, and cash-flow management aimed at solo businesses and small firms that want to track jobs from quote to payment.\nQuote-to-invoice-to-payment workflow in one place\nSales forecasting and cash-flow visibility\nDocument management; invoice-system compatible\nInterface is Japanese-only\nNot a bookkeeping/accounting ledger by itself\nSubscription plans by feature tier — verify current pricing.","url":"/en/products/board"},{"id":"product:freenance:en","entityId":"product:freenance","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"FREENANCE","plainText":"Cash flow & freelancer protection\nA freelancer-focused service combining invoice factoring (get paid early for a fee) with bundled liability insurance and optional income support.\nAdvance cash against unpaid invoices (factoring, for a fee)\nBundled liability insurance for covered work\nOptional income-support add-ons for freelancers\nFactoring has a fee — compare against the cash-flow benefit\nInsurance terms and covered scenarios have limits; read the policy\nAccount is free; factoring charges a per-transaction fee — verify current terms.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/freenance","relationships":{"providers":["provider:freenance"],"families":["family:freenance"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"GMO Creators Network","url":"https://freenance.net/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Cash flow & freelancer protection\nA freelancer-focused service combining invoice factoring (get paid early for a fee) with bundled liability insurance and optional income support.\nAdvance cash against unpaid invoices (factoring, for a fee)\nBundled liability insurance for covered work\nOptional income-support add-ons for freelancers\nFactoring has a fee — compare against the cash-flow benefit\nInsurance terms and covered scenarios have limits; read the policy\nAccount is free; factoring charges a per-transaction fee — verify current terms.","url":"/en/products/freenance"},{"id":"product:freee-kaisha-setup:en","entityId":"product:freee-kaisha-setup","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"freee Company Establishment","plainText":"Company incorporation\nA guided online service that prepares the documents to incorporate a KK or GK, walking first-time founders through the registration steps.\nGuided preparation of incorporation documents (KK/GK)\nLinks into freee accounting after setup\nChecklists for tax-office and registration filings\nStatutory fees (registration tax etc.) are separate and set by law\nInterface is Japanese-only; complex cases still need a professional\nService tiers plus separate statutory registration costs — verify current pricing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/freee-kaisha-setup","relationships":{"providers":["provider:freee"],"families":["family:freee-kaisha-setup"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"freee K.K.","url":"https://www.freee.co.jp/kaisyasetsuritsu/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Company incorporation\nA guided online service that prepares the documents to incorporate a KK or GK, walking first-time founders through the registration steps.\nGuided preparation of incorporation documents (KK/GK)\nLinks into freee accounting after setup\nChecklists for tax-office and registration filings\nStatutory fees (registration tax etc.) are separate and set by law\nInterface is Japanese-only; complex cases still need a professional\nService tiers plus separate statutory registration costs — verify current pricing.","url":"/en/products/freee-kaisha-setup"},{"id":"product:mf-kaisha-setup:en","entityId":"product:mf-kaisha-setup","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Money Forward Cloud Company Establishment","plainText":"Company incorporation\nMoney Forward’s online incorporation service that generates the paperwork for a KK or GK and connects into its cloud accounting suite.\nDocument preparation for KK/GK incorporation\nIntegrates with Money Forward Cloud accounting\nGuidance on registration and tax notifications\nStatutory registration costs are separate\nInterface is Japanese-only\nService plus separate statutory costs — verify current pricing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/mf-kaisha-setup","relationships":{"providers":["provider:money-forward"],"families":["family:mf-kaisha-setup"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Money Forward, Inc.","url":"https://biz.moneyforward.com/establish/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Company incorporation\nMoney Forward’s online incorporation service that generates the paperwork for a KK or GK and connects into its cloud accounting suite.\nDocument preparation for KK/GK incorporation\nIntegrates with Money Forward Cloud accounting\nGuidance on registration and tax notifications\nStatutory registration costs are separate\nInterface is Japanese-only\nService plus separate statutory costs — verify current pricing.","url":"/en/products/mf-kaisha-setup"},{"id":"product:zeirishi-dot-com:en","entityId":"product:zeirishi-dot-com","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Zeirishi.com","plainText":"Find a tax accountant\nA directory and matching service that helps individuals and businesses find a tax accountant (税理士) by specialty, area, and fee.\nSearch and compare tax accountants by need\nFree matching/consultation to shortlist candidates\nQ&A library on common tax questions\nA directory, not the accountant — verify each professional’s fit and fees\nInterface is Japanese-only\nMatching is free to users; the accountant’s own fees apply — verify with each firm.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/zeirishi-dot-com","relationships":{"providers":["provider:zeirishi-dot-com"],"families":["family:zeirishi-dot-com"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bengo4.com / 税理士ドットコム","url":"https://www.zeiri4.com/","official":false}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Find a tax accountant\nA directory and matching service that helps individuals and businesses find a tax accountant (税理士) by specialty, area, and fee.\nSearch and compare tax accountants by need\nFree matching/consultation to shortlist candidates\nQ&A library on common tax questions\nA directory, not the accountant — verify each professional’s fit and fees\nInterface is Japanese-only\nMatching is free to users; the accountant’s own fees apply — verify with each firm.","url":"/en/products/zeirishi-dot-com"},{"id":"product:square-japan:en","entityId":"product:square-japan","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Square","plainText":"Card & in-person payments\nPayment acceptance for small businesses — card and QR payments in person or online — with no monthly fee and same-flow POS tools.\nAccept cards and QR in person, online, or via invoice\nNo monthly fee; per-transaction pricing\nReader hardware and free POS app\nPer-transaction fees apply; payout timing varies\nSome support and documentation is Japanese-first\nNo monthly fee; per-transaction processing fees — verify current rates.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/square-japan","relationships":{"providers":["provider:square"],"families":["family:square-japan"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Square","url":"https://squareup.com/jp/ja","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Card & in-person payments\nPayment acceptance for small businesses — card and QR payments in person or online — with no monthly fee and same-flow POS tools.\nAccept cards and QR in person, online, or via invoice\nNo monthly fee; per-transaction pricing\nReader hardware and free POS app\nPer-transaction fees apply; payout timing varies\nSome support and documentation is Japanese-first\nNo monthly fee; per-transaction processing fees — verify current rates.","url":"/en/products/square-japan"},{"id":"product:stripe-japan:en","entityId":"product:stripe-japan","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Stripe","plainText":"Online payments\nDeveloper-friendly online payment infrastructure for accepting cards and local methods, subscriptions, and invoices on websites and apps.\nCards, wallets, and local payment methods online\nSubscriptions, invoicing, and payment links\nStrong English documentation and APIs\nBest suited to online/website payments, not in-person retail\nPer-transaction fees; some setup is technical\nPer-transaction processing fees; no monthly minimum — verify current rates.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/stripe-japan","relationships":{"providers":["provider:stripe"],"families":["family:stripe-japan"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Stripe","url":"https://stripe.com/jp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Online payments\nDeveloper-friendly online payment infrastructure for accepting cards and local methods, subscriptions, and invoices on websites and apps.\nCards, wallets, and local payment methods online\nSubscriptions, invoicing, and payment links\nStrong English documentation and APIs\nBest suited to online/website payments, not in-person retail\nPer-transaction fees; some setup is technical\nPer-transaction processing fees; no monthly minimum — verify current rates.","url":"/en/products/stripe-japan"},{"id":"product:gmo-aozora-business:en","entityId":"product:gmo-aozora-business","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"GMO Aozora Net Bank (Business)","plainText":"Business bank account\nAn online bank offering low-cost business and sole-proprietor accounts with competitive transfer fees and API/fintech integrations.\nLow-cost sole-proprietor and corporate accounts\nCompetitive transfer fees and online-first workflow\nAPI and accounting-software integrations\nNo branches; online-only service\nInterface and support are Japanese-first\nNo monthly account fee; transfer fees apply — verify current schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/gmo-aozora-business","relationships":{"providers":["provider:gmo-aozora"],"families":["family:gmo-aozora-business"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"GMO Aozora Net Bank","url":"https://gmo-aozora.com/business/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Business bank account\nAn online bank offering low-cost business and sole-proprietor accounts with competitive transfer fees and API/fintech integrations.\nLow-cost sole-proprietor and corporate accounts\nCompetitive transfer fees and online-first workflow\nAPI and accounting-software integrations\nNo branches; online-only service\nInterface and support are Japanese-first\nNo monthly account fee; transfer fees apply — verify current schedule.","url":"/en/products/gmo-aozora-business"},{"id":"product:wise-business:en","entityId":"product:wise-business","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Wise Business","plainText":"Cross-border business account\nA multi-currency business account for freelancers and firms with overseas clients — hold and receive foreign currencies and send at the mid-market rate for a transparent fee.\nReceive foreign-currency payments with local account details\nHold and convert many currencies at the mid-market rate\nTransparent per-transfer fees; strong English support\nNot a Japanese bank account — check what domestic clients require\nTransfer and conversion fees apply\nPer-transfer and conversion fees; account opening fee may apply — verify current terms.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/wise-business","relationships":{"providers":["provider:wise"],"families":["family:wise-business"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/jp/business/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Cross-border business account\nA multi-currency business account for freelancers and firms with overseas clients — hold and receive foreign currencies and send at the mid-market rate for a transparent fee.\nReceive foreign-currency payments with local account details\nHold and convert many currencies at the mid-market rate\nTransparent per-transfer fees; strong English support\nNot a Japanese bank account — check what domestic clients require\nTransfer and conversion fees apply\nPer-transfer and conversion fees; account opening fee may apply — verify current terms.","url":"/en/products/wise-business"},{"id":"product:flat-35:en","entityId":"product:flat-35","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Flat 35","plainText":"Fixed-rate mortgage\nA long-term fixed-rate mortgage program backed by the Japan Housing Finance Agency, offered via partner lenders and often accessible without permanent residency.\nLong-term fixed rate for payment certainty\nRules-based eligibility via many partner lenders\nOften accessible to residents without permanent residency\nProperty must meet technical standards for eligibility\nFixed rate can be higher than current floating rates\nRate and fees vary by lender and loan-to-value — verify current terms.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/flat-35","relationships":{"providers":["provider:japan-housing-finance-agency"],"families":["family:flat-35"],"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"loans","text":"Fixed-rate mortgage\nA long-term fixed-rate mortgage program backed by the Japan Housing Finance Agency, offered via partner lenders and often accessible without permanent residency.\nLong-term fixed rate for payment certainty\nRules-based eligibility via many partner lenders\nOften accessible to residents without permanent residency\nProperty must meet technical standards for eligibility\nFixed rate can be higher than current floating rates\nRate and fees vary by lender and loan-to-value — verify current terms.","url":"/en/products/flat-35"},{"id":"product:wise:en","entityId":"product:wise","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Wise","plainText":"International transfers\nA licensed money-transfer service that uses the mid-market exchange rate with a transparent, upfront fee — often cheaper than bank wires for personal transfers.\nMid-market exchange rate with a visible fee\nMulti-currency account and debit card\nClear estimate of the recipient amount before sending\nTransfer limits and verification apply to large amounts\nNot a substitute for a Japanese bank account\nTransparent per-transfer fee plus mid-market rate — compare the recipient amount.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/wise","relationships":{"providers":["provider:wise"],"families":["family:wise"],"clusters":["cluster:remittance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"remittance","text":"International transfers\nA licensed money-transfer service that uses the mid-market exchange rate with a transparent, upfront fee — often cheaper than bank wires for personal transfers.\nMid-market exchange rate with a visible fee\nMulti-currency account and debit card\nClear estimate of the recipient amount before sending\nTransfer limits and verification apply to large amounts\nNot a substitute for a Japanese bank account\nTransparent per-transfer fee plus mid-market rate — compare the recipient amount.","url":"/en/products/wise"},{"id":"product:revolut:en","entityId":"product:revolut","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Revolut","plainText":"Multi-currency account\nA multi-currency app account with a card and fee allowances for currency exchange, useful for people who spend or hold multiple currencies.\nHold and exchange multiple currencies in-app\nCard spending abroad with competitive FX\nEnglish-language app and support\nFree FX allowances and weekend markups vary by plan\nFeature availability differs by region and plan\nPlan-based; free FX up to allowances, then a fee — verify current terms.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/revolut","relationships":{"providers":["provider:revolut"],"families":["family:revolut"],"clusters":["cluster:remittance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Revolut","url":"https://www.revolut.com/ja-JP/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"remittance","text":"Multi-currency account\nA multi-currency app account with a card and fee allowances for currency exchange, useful for people who spend or hold multiple currencies.\nHold and exchange multiple currencies in-app\nCard spending abroad with competitive FX\nEnglish-language app and support\nFree FX allowances and weekend markups vary by plan\nFeature availability differs by region and plan\nPlan-based; free FX up to allowances, then a fee — verify current terms.","url":"/en/products/revolut"},{"id":"product:bitflyer:en","entityId":"product:bitflyer","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"bitFlyer","plainText":"Registered crypto exchange\nAn FSA-registered, JVCEA-member crypto exchange serving Japanese residents, commonly cited for a long operating history.\nFSA-registered and JVCEA member\nEstablished operating track record\nStandard buy/sell and exchange functions\nCrypto gains are taxed heavily as miscellaneous income\nSpreads and fees vary by order type — compare before trading\nTrading fees and spreads vary by product and order type — verify current schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/bitflyer","relationships":{"providers":["provider:bitflyer"],"families":["family:bitflyer"],"clusters":["cluster:crypto"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"bitFlyer","url":"https://bitflyer.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"JVCEA","url":"https://jvcea.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"crypto","text":"Registered crypto exchange\nAn FSA-registered, JVCEA-member crypto exchange serving Japanese residents, commonly cited for a long operating history.\nFSA-registered and JVCEA member\nEstablished operating track record\nStandard buy/sell and exchange functions\nCrypto gains are taxed heavily as miscellaneous income\nSpreads and fees vary by order type — compare before trading\nTrading fees and spreads vary by product and order type — verify current schedule.","url":"/en/products/bitflyer"},{"id":"product:bitbank:en","entityId":"product:bitbank","entityType":"product","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"bitbank","plainText":"Registered crypto exchange\nAn FSA-registered, JVCEA-member crypto exchange serving Japanese residents, often noted for its trading interface.\nFSA-registered and JVCEA member\nOrder-book trading for multiple assets\nEstablished Japanese exchange\nCrypto gains are taxed heavily as miscellaneous income\nCompare fees and spreads before trading\nMaker/taker fees and spreads vary — verify current schedule.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/products/bitbank","relationships":{"providers":["provider:bitbank"],"families":["family:bitbank"],"clusters":["cluster:crypto"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"bitbank","url":"https://bitbank.cc/","official":true},{"publisher":"JVCEA","url":"https://jvcea.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"crypto","text":"Registered crypto exchange\nAn FSA-registered, JVCEA-member crypto exchange serving Japanese residents, often noted for its trading interface.\nFSA-registered and JVCEA member\nOrder-book trading for multiple assets\nEstablished Japanese exchange\nCrypto gains are taxed heavily as miscellaneous income\nCompare fees and spreads before trading\nMaker/taker fees and spreads vary — verify current schedule.","url":"/en/products/bitbank"},{"id":"provider:mufg-bank:en","entityId":"provider:mufg-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MUFG Bank","plainText":"MUFG Bank\nbank\nJapan’s largest bank by assets, with an extensive nationwide branch and ATM network and a full range of consumer, mortgage and business services.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/mufg-bank","relationships":{"products":["deposit-product:mufg-bank-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"MUFG Bank\nbank\nJapan’s largest bank by assets, with an extensive nationwide branch and ATM network and a full range of consumer, mortgage and business services.","url":"/en/banks/mufg-bank"},{"id":"provider:smbc:en","entityId":"provider:smbc","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SMBC","plainText":"SMBC\nbank\nA megabank known for the Olive integrated account/app and the V Point ecosystem, alongside a full nationwide branch and ATM network.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/smbc","relationships":{"products":["deposit-product:smbc-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (SMBC)","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"SMBC\nbank\nA megabank known for the Olive integrated account/app and the V Point ecosystem, alongside a full nationwide branch and ATM network.","url":"/en/banks/smbc"},{"id":"provider:mizuho:en","entityId":"provider:mizuho","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mizuho Bank","plainText":"Mizuho Bank\nbank\nOne of the three megabanks, with a nationwide branch and ATM network and a full range of retail, mortgage and corporate services.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/mizuho","relationships":{"products":["deposit-product:mizuho-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"Mizuho Bank\nbank\nOne of the three megabanks, with a nationwide branch and ATM network and a full range of retail, mortgage and corporate services.","url":"/en/banks/mizuho"},{"id":"provider:japan-post-bank:en","entityId":"provider:japan-post-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan Post Bank","plainText":"Japan Post Bank\nbank\nThe bank with the widest branch and ATM reach in Japan through the post-office network — often accessible for new residents and useful in rural areas.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/japan-post-bank","relationships":{"products":["product:japan-post-bank","deposit-product:japan-post-bank-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"Japan Post Bank\nbank\nThe bank with the widest branch and ATM reach in Japan through the post-office network — often accessible for new residents and useful in rural areas.","url":"/en/banks/japan-post-bank"},{"id":"provider:resona-bank:en","entityId":"provider:resona-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Resona Bank","plainText":"Resona Bank\nbank\nA large retail-focused bank (with trust-bank functions) known for a strong app push and branches concentrated in the Kanto and Kansai regions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/resona-bank","relationships":{"products":["deposit-product:resona-bank-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Resona Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"Resona Bank\nbank\nA large retail-focused bank (with trust-bank functions) known for a strong app push and branches concentrated in the Kanto and Kansai regions.","url":"/en/banks/resona-bank"},{"id":"provider:smbc-trust-bank:en","entityId":"provider:smbc-trust-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","plainText":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA\nbank\nSMBC PRESTIA\nPRESTIA\nThe bank most consistently set up for English-language service — website, app, phone and branch — with multi-currency accounts aimed at internationally minded residents.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/smbc-prestia","relationships":{"products":["product:smbc-prestia","deposit-product:smbc-prestia-ordinary","deposit-product:smbc-prestia-fx"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA\nbank\nSMBC PRESTIA\nPRESTIA\nThe bank most consistently set up for English-language service — website, app, phone and branch — with multi-currency accounts aimed at internationally minded residents.","url":"/en/banks/smbc-prestia"},{"id":"provider:sbi-shinsei-bank:en","entityId":"provider:sbi-shinsei-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SBI Shinsei Bank","plainText":"SBI Shinsei Bank\nbank\nShinsei Bank\n新生銀行\nA bank combining online and branch access, historically noted for some English support and foreign-currency services, now part of the SBI group.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/sbi-shinsei-bank","relationships":{"products":["product:shinsei-bank","deposit-product:sbi-shinsei-bank-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"SBI Shinsei Bank\nbank\nShinsei Bank\n新生銀行\nA bank combining online and branch access, historically noted for some English support and foreign-currency services, now part of the SBI group.","url":"/en/banks/sbi-shinsei-bank"},{"id":"provider:sony-bank:en","entityId":"provider:sony-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sony Bank","plainText":"Sony Bank\nbank\nAn online-only bank popular for strong foreign-currency features, a multi-currency debit card, and a well-regarded app.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/sony-bank","relationships":{"products":["product:sony-bank","deposit-product:sony-bank-ordinary","deposit-product:sony-bank-fx"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"Sony Bank\nbank\nAn online-only bank popular for strong foreign-currency features, a multi-currency debit card, and a well-regarded app.","url":"/en/banks/sony-bank"},{"id":"provider:rakuten-bank:en","entityId":"provider:rakuten-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Bank","plainText":"Rakuten Bank\nbank\nOne of Japan’s largest online banks by number of accounts, tightly integrated with the Rakuten ecosystem (card, points, securities).","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/rakuten-bank","relationships":{"products":["product:rakuten-bank","deposit-product:rakuten-bank-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Bank","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"Rakuten Bank\nbank\nOne of Japan’s largest online banks by number of accounts, tightly integrated with the Rakuten ecosystem (card, points, securities).","url":"/en/banks/rakuten-bank"},{"id":"provider:paypay-bank:en","entityId":"provider:paypay-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PayPay Bank","plainText":"PayPay Bank\nbank\nJapan’s first internet bank (formerly Japan Net Bank), now integrated with the PayPay cashless ecosystem.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/paypay-bank","relationships":{"products":["deposit-product:paypay-bank-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Bank Corporation","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"PayPay Bank\nbank\nJapan’s first internet bank (formerly Japan Net Bank), now integrated with the PayPay cashless ecosystem.","url":"/en/banks/paypay-bank"},{"id":"provider:jibun-bank:en","entityId":"provider:jibun-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"au Jibun Bank","plainText":"au Jibun Bank\nbank\nA smartphone-centric online bank in the au (KDDI) economic zone, with Ponta-point integration and links to the au ecosystem.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/jibun-bank","relationships":{"products":["deposit-product:jibun-bank-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank Corporation","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"au Jibun Bank\nbank\nA smartphone-centric online bank in the au (KDDI) economic zone, with Ponta-point integration and links to the au ecosystem.","url":"/en/banks/jibun-bank"},{"id":"provider:sbi-sumishin:en","entityId":"provider:sbi-sumishin","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SBI Sumishin Net Bank","plainText":"SBI Sumishin Net Bank\nbank\nOne of Japan’s largest online banks by deposits, well integrated with SBI Securities and known for competitive FX and its NEOBANK platform.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/sbi-sumishin","relationships":{"products":["deposit-product:sbi-sumishin-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Sumishin Net Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"SBI Sumishin Net Bank\nbank\nOne of Japan’s largest online banks by deposits, well integrated with SBI Securities and known for competitive FX and its NEOBANK platform.","url":"/en/banks/sbi-sumishin"},{"id":"provider:gmo-aozora:en","entityId":"provider:gmo-aozora","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"GMO Aozora Net Bank","plainText":"GMO Aozora Net Bank\nbank\nAn online bank often chosen by freelancers and small businesses for low transfer fees and developer-friendly features.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/gmo-aozora","relationships":{"products":["product:gmo-aozora-business","deposit-product:gmo-aozora-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"GMO Aozora Net Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://gmo-aozora.com/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"GMO Aozora Net Bank\nbank\nAn online bank often chosen by freelancers and small businesses for low transfer fees and developer-friendly features.","url":"/en/banks/gmo-aozora"},{"id":"provider:seven-bank:en","entityId":"provider:seven-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Seven Bank","plainText":"Seven Bank\nbank\nA bank built around its ATMs in 7-Eleven stores nationwide, with an international money-transfer service and multilingual support often used by foreign residents.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/seven-bank","relationships":{"products":["deposit-product:seven-bank-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Seven Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.sevenbank.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"Seven Bank\nbank\nA bank built around its ATMs in 7-Eleven stores nationwide, with an international money-transfer service and multilingual support often used by foreign residents.","url":"/en/banks/seven-bank"},{"id":"provider:aeon-bank:en","entityId":"provider:aeon-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"AEON Bank","plainText":"AEON Bank\nbank\nA retail bank with in-store branches in AEON malls, integrated with the WAON POINT ecosystem and open outside normal banking hours.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/aeon-bank","relationships":{"products":["deposit-product:aeon-bank-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeonbank.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"AEON Bank\nbank\nA retail bank with in-store branches in AEON malls, integrated with the WAON POINT ecosystem and open outside normal banking hours.","url":"/en/banks/aeon-bank"},{"id":"provider:minna-bank:en","entityId":"provider:minna-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Minna Bank","plainText":"Minna Bank\nbank\nA fully digital, app-only bank from Fukuoka Financial Group — no passbook or physical branch, designed to open and run entirely from a smartphone.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/minna-bank","relationships":{"products":["deposit-product:minna-bank-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Minna Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.minna-bank.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"Minna Bank\nbank\nA fully digital, app-only bank from Fukuoka Financial Group — no passbook or physical branch, designed to open and run entirely from a smartphone.","url":"/en/banks/minna-bank"},{"id":"provider:rakuten-card:en","entityId":"provider:rakuten-card","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Card","plainText":"Rakuten Card\ncard-issuer\n楽天カード","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/providers/rakuten-card","relationships":{"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:rakuten-gold-card","product:rakuten-premium-card","product:rakuten-black-card","product:rakuten-pink-card","product:rakuten-bank-card","product:rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card","product:rakuten-card-academy","product:alpen-group-rakuten-card","product:mizuho-rakuten-card","product:hirogin-rakuten-card","product:rakuten-card-my-color-selection","product:rakuten-card-disney-design","product:rakuten-card-sanrio-designs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"Rakuten Card\ncard-issuer\n楽天カード","url":"/en/providers/rakuten-card"},{"id":"provider:epos-card:en","entityId":"provider:epos-card","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Marui (Epos)","plainText":"Marui (Epos)\ncard-issuer\nEPOS","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/providers/epos-card","relationships":{"products":["product:epos-card","product:epos-gold-card","product:epos-platinum-card","product:jq-card-epos-gold","product:mga-epos-card","product:chiikawa-epos-card","product:sumikko-gurashi-epos-card"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Marui / Epos","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"Marui (Epos)\ncard-issuer\nEPOS","url":"/en/providers/epos-card"},{"id":"provider:american-express-japan:en","entityId":"provider:american-express-japan","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"American Express International","plainText":"American Express International\ncard-issuer\nAmex Japan\nアメックス","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/providers/american-express-japan","relationships":{"products":["product:amex-jp","product:amex-gold-preferred","product:amex-platinum","product:american-express-centurion","product:marriott-bonvoy-amex","product:marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium","product:hilton-honors-amex","product:hilton-honors-amex-premium","product:delta-skymiles-amex","product:delta-skymiles-amex-gold","product:persona-stacia-amex","product:amex-business-green","product:amex-business-gold","product:amex-business-platinum"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"American Express","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"American Express International\ncard-issuer\nAmex Japan\nアメックス","url":"/en/providers/american-express-japan"},{"id":"provider:smbc-card:en","entityId":"provider:smbc-card","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","plainText":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card\ncard-issuer\nSMCC\n三井住友カード","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/providers/smbc-card","relationships":{"products":["product:smbc-card-numberless","product:smbc-card-gold-numberless","product:smbc-card-platinum-preferred","product:olive-flexible-pay-gold","product:amazon-mastercard","product:olive-flexible-pay","product:smbc-card-platinum","product:smbc-visa-infinite","product:olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred","product:ana-visa-general-smbc","product:visa-line-pay-credit-card-p","product:smbc-business-owners","product:smbc-business-owners-gold","product:smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/numberless.jsp","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card\ncard-issuer\nSMCC\n三井住友カード","url":"/en/providers/smbc-card"},{"id":"provider:jcb:en","entityId":"provider:jcb","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"JCB","plainText":"JCB\ncard-issuer\nJCB","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/providers/jcb","relationships":{"products":["product:jcb-card-s","product:jcb-card-w","product:jcb-gold","product:jcb-platinum","product:jcb-card-w-plus-l","product:jcb-general-partner-with-point","product:jcb-linda","product:jcb-card-r","product:jcb-biz-one-general","product:jcb-biz-one-gold","product:jcb-gold-partner-with-point"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JCB Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/os_card_s.html","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"JCB\ncard-issuer\nJCB","url":"/en/providers/jcb"},{"id":"provider:ntt-docomo:en","entityId":"provider:ntt-docomo","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NTT DOCOMO","plainText":"NTT DOCOMO\ncard-issuer\ndocomo\nドコモ","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/providers/ntt-docomo","relationships":{"products":["product:d-card","product:d-card-gold","product:d-card-platinum","product:d-card-gold-u"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO, INC.","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/dcard/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"NTT DOCOMO\ncard-issuer\ndocomo\nドコモ","url":"/en/providers/ntt-docomo"},{"id":"provider:paypay-card:en","entityId":"provider:paypay-card","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"PayPay Card","plainText":"PayPay Card\ncard-issuer\nPayPay","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/providers/paypay-card","relationships":{"products":["product:paypay-card","product:paypay-card-gold"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Card Corporation","url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/card/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"PayPay Card\ncard-issuer\nPayPay","url":"/en/providers/paypay-card"},{"id":"provider:au-financial-service:en","entityId":"provider:au-financial-service","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"au Financial Service","plainText":"au Financial Service\ncard-issuer\nau PAY","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/providers/au-financial-service","relationships":{"products":["product:au-pay-card","product:au-pay-gold-card"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Financial Service Corporation","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/function/promotion/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"au Financial Service\ncard-issuer\nau PAY","url":"/en/providers/au-financial-service"},{"id":"provider:credit-saison:en","entityId":"provider:credit-saison","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Credit Saison","plainText":"Credit 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税理士ドットコム","url":"https://www.zeiri4.com/","official":false}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"Bengo4.com\nfintech","url":"/en/providers/zeirishi-dot-com"},{"id":"provider:square:en","entityId":"provider:square","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Square","plainText":"Square\nfintech","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/providers/square","relationships":{"products":["product:square-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Square","url":"https://squareup.com/jp/ja","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"Square\nfintech","url":"/en/providers/square"},{"id":"provider:stripe:en","entityId":"provider:stripe","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Stripe","plainText":"Stripe\nfintech","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/providers/stripe","relationships":{"products":["product:stripe-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Stripe","url":"https://stripe.com/jp","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"Stripe\nfintech","url":"/en/providers/stripe"},{"id":"provider:wise:en","entityId":"provider:wise","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Wise","plainText":"Wise\nfintech","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/providers/wise","relationships":{"products":["product:wise-business","product:wise"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/jp/business/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"Wise\nfintech","url":"/en/providers/wise"},{"id":"provider:japan-housing-finance-agency:en","entityId":"provider:japan-housing-finance-agency","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","plainText":"Japan Housing Finance Agency\nother","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/providers/japan-housing-finance-agency","relationships":{"products":["product:flat-35"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"Japan Housing Finance Agency\nother","url":"/en/providers/japan-housing-finance-agency"},{"id":"provider:revolut:en","entityId":"provider:revolut","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Revolut","plainText":"Revolut\nother","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/providers/revolut","relationships":{"products":["product:revolut"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Revolut","url":"https://www.revolut.com/ja-JP/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"Revolut\nother","url":"/en/providers/revolut"},{"id":"provider:bitbank:en","entityId":"provider:bitbank","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"bitbank","plainText":"bitbank\nfintech","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/providers/bitbank","relationships":{"products":["product:bitbank"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"bitbank","url":"https://bitbank.cc/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"bitbank\nfintech","url":"/en/providers/bitbank"},{"id":"provider:matsui-securities:en","entityId":"provider:matsui-securities","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Matsui Securities","plainText":"Matsui Securities\nbrokerage","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/providers/matsui-securities","relationships":{"products":["product:matsui-securities"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Matsui Securities","url":"https://www.matsui.co.jp/account/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"Matsui Securities\nbrokerage","url":"/en/providers/matsui-securities"},{"id":"provider:mufg-esmart-securities:en","entityId":"provider:mufg-esmart-securities","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart Securities","plainText":"Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart Securities\nbrokerage","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/providers/mufg-esmart-securities","relationships":{"products":["product:mufg-esmart-securities"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart Securities","url":"https://kabu.com/account/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"Mitsubishi UFJ eSmart Securities\nbrokerage","url":"/en/providers/mufg-esmart-securities"},{"id":"provider:nomura-securities:en","entityId":"provider:nomura-securities","entityType":"provider","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Nomura Securities","plainText":"Nomura Securities\nbrokerage","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/providers/nomura-securities","relationships":{"products":["product:nomura-securities"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Nomura Securities","url":"https://www.nomura.co.jp/apply/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"Nomura Securities\nbrokerage","url":"/en/providers/nomura-securities"},{"id":"comparison:banks:best-banks-english-support:en","entityId":"comparison:banks:best-banks-english-support","entityType":"comparison","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best banks in Japan for English support","plainText":"Which banks actually document English-language service — broken into website, application, app, phone and branch — rather than relying on anecdotes.\nResidents who want or need to handle banking in English, especially newcomers.\nOnly PRESTIA here documents full English service across every channel.\nSony Bank and Seven Bank offer partial English on some channels — verify the specific service you need.\nFor most other Japanese banks, English support is not documented and is shown as “Not confirmed”.\nIncluded when a bank documents at least partial English support on a verifiable channel. Banks with no documented English support are excluded from this shortlist and marked “Not confirmed” in the master table instead.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/compare/best-banks-english-support","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sony-bank","provider:seven-bank","provider:sbi-shinsei-bank"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true},{"publisher":"Seven Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.sevenbank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-28","type":"comparison","cluster":"","text":"Which banks actually document English-language service — broken into website, application, app, phone and branch — rather than relying on anecdotes.\nResidents who want or need to handle banking in English, especially newcomers.\nOnly PRESTIA here documents full English service across every channel.\nSony Bank and Seven Bank offer partial English on some channels — verify the specific service you need.\nFor most other Japanese banks, English support is not documented and is shown as “Not confirmed”.\nIncluded when a bank documents at least partial English support on a verifiable channel. Banks with no documented English support are excluded from this shortlist and marked “Not confirmed” in the master table instead.","url":"/en/banks/compare/best-banks-english-support","updated":"2026-07-28"},{"id":"comparison:banks:best-online-banks:en","entityId":"comparison:banks:best-online-banks","entityType":"comparison","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best online banks in Japan","plainText":"Fee-free, app-first banks compared on ecosystem, brokerage links and everyday features — with volatile fees flagged for verification.\nPeople comfortable banking without branches who want low fees and a strong app.\nAll charge no monthly account-maintenance fee.\nThe main differentiator is which ecosystem and brokerage you already use.\nATM and transfer fee structures are volatile — confirm current free-transaction allowances before choosing.\nIncluded: major consumer online banks with fee-free standard accounts. Excluded: institution-specific or business-only online banks with limited consumer relevance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/compare/best-online-banks","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-bank","provider:sbi-sumishin","provider:sony-bank","provider:paypay-bank","provider:jibun-bank"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Bank","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Sumishin Net Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Bank Corporation","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank Corporation","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-28","type":"comparison","cluster":"","text":"Fee-free, app-first banks compared on ecosystem, brokerage links and everyday features — with volatile fees flagged for verification.\nPeople comfortable banking without branches who want low fees and a strong app.\nAll charge no monthly account-maintenance fee.\nThe main differentiator is which ecosystem and brokerage you already use.\nATM and transfer fee structures are volatile — confirm current free-transaction allowances before choosing.\nIncluded: major consumer online banks with fee-free standard accounts. Excluded: institution-specific or business-only online banks with limited consumer relevance.","url":"/en/banks/compare/best-online-banks","updated":"2026-07-28"},{"id":"comparison:banks:best-banks-cash-and-branches:en","entityId":"comparison:banks:best-banks-cash-and-branches","entityType":"comparison","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best banks for cash and branch access","plainText":"For people who deposit cash, want in-person service, or need the widest ATM reach across Japan.\nCash-reliant users, rural residents, and anyone who values face-to-face banking.\nJapan Post Bank and Seven Bank lead on nationwide reach; AEON adds long-hours in-store service.\nMegabanks offer full-service branches but with more limited hours.\nPure online banks are excluded here — they have no branches and rely on partner ATMs.\nIncluded: banks with strong physical branch and/or ATM access. Excluded: branchless online banks.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/compare/best-banks-cash-and-branches","relationships":{"providers":["provider:japan-post-bank","provider:seven-bank","provider:aeon-bank","provider:mufg-bank","provider:smbc"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Seven Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.sevenbank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.aeonbank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (SMBC)","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-28","type":"comparison","cluster":"","text":"For people who deposit cash, want in-person service, or need the widest ATM reach across Japan.\nCash-reliant users, rural residents, and anyone who values face-to-face banking.\nJapan Post Bank and Seven Bank lead on nationwide reach; AEON adds long-hours in-store service.\nMegabanks offer full-service branches but with more limited hours.\nPure online banks are excluded here — they have no branches and rely on partner ATMs.\nIncluded: banks with strong physical branch and/or ATM access. Excluded: branchless online banks.","url":"/en/banks/compare/best-banks-cash-and-branches","updated":"2026-07-28"},{"id":"comparison:banks:best-banks-foreign-residents:en","entityId":"comparison:banks:best-banks-foreign-residents","entityType":"comparison","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Best banks for foreign residents in Japan","plainText":"Rather than a vague “foreigner-friendly” label, this compares the verifiable dimensions that matter: documented English support, accessibility, and international-money features.\nNewly arrived and established foreign residents choosing a first or main bank.\nWe do not label any bank “foreigner-friendly” on anecdotes; each dimension carries its own source.\nDocumented English service is genuinely scarce — PRESTIA is the standout; others are partial or unconfirmed.\nApproval depends on your residence status and documents; we never estimate approval odds.\nIncluded on verifiable dimensions (English, access, remittance). We avoid approval-probability claims entirely.\nApproval likelihood, informal “easy to open” reputation, and unverifiable community reports are deliberately excluded.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/compare/best-banks-foreign-residents","relationships":{"providers":["provider:seven-bank","provider:japan-post-bank","provider:sony-bank"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/","official":true},{"publisher":"Seven Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.sevenbank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true},{"publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-28","type":"comparison","cluster":"","text":"Rather than a vague “foreigner-friendly” label, this compares the verifiable dimensions that matter: documented English support, accessibility, and international-money features.\nNewly arrived and established foreign residents choosing a first or main bank.\nWe do not label any bank “foreigner-friendly” on anecdotes; each dimension carries its own source.\nDocumented English service is genuinely scarce — PRESTIA is the standout; others are partial or unconfirmed.\nApproval depends on your residence status and documents; we never estimate approval odds.\nIncluded on verifiable dimensions (English, access, remittance). We avoid approval-probability claims entirely.\nApproval likelihood, informal “easy to open” reputation, and unverifiable community reports are deliberately excluded.","url":"/en/banks/compare/best-banks-foreign-residents","updated":"2026-07-28"},{"id":"comparison:banks:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho:en","entityId":"comparison:banks:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","entityType":"comparison","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"MUFG vs SMBC vs Mizuho","plainText":"How Japan’s three megabanks compare on network, ecosystem and everyday features.\nPeople choosing a full-service megabank, often for salary, mortgage or business needs.\nAll three are full-service megabanks with nationwide branches and Japanese-first service.\nSMBC leads on app/points integration via Olive and V Point.\nDifferences in day-to-day fees are small and volatile — confirm the current schedule for your usage.\nThe three megabanks are compared as directly substitutable full-service options.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/compare/mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mufg-bank","provider:smbc","provider:mizuho"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (SMBC)","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-28","type":"comparison","cluster":"","text":"How Japan’s three megabanks compare on network, ecosystem and everyday features.\nPeople choosing a full-service megabank, often for salary, mortgage or business needs.\nAll three are full-service megabanks with nationwide branches and Japanese-first service.\nSMBC leads on app/points integration via Olive and V Point.\nDifferences in day-to-day fees are small and volatile — confirm the current schedule for your usage.\nThe three megabanks are compared as directly substitutable full-service options.","url":"/en/banks/compare/mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","updated":"2026-07-28"},{"id":"comparison:banks:rakuten-vs-paypay-vs-jibun:en","entityId":"comparison:banks:rakuten-vs-paypay-vs-jibun","entityType":"comparison","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Bank vs PayPay Bank vs au Jibun Bank","plainText":"Three ecosystem-linked online banks compared — the right pick usually follows the ecosystem you already use.\nPeople choosing a fee-free online bank tied to a points/telecom ecosystem.\nAll are fee-free online banks — the ecosystem link is the deciding factor.\nRakuten and au Jibun offer documented brokerage integration; confirm current terms.\nPoint-program rules change frequently — verify earn rates and conditions before relying on them.\nThree directly comparable ecosystem-linked consumer online banks.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/compare/rakuten-vs-paypay-vs-jibun","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-bank","provider:paypay-bank","provider:jibun-bank"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Bank","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Bank Corporation","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank Corporation","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-28","type":"comparison","cluster":"","text":"Three ecosystem-linked online banks compared — the right pick usually follows the ecosystem you already use.\nPeople choosing a fee-free online bank tied to a points/telecom ecosystem.\nAll are fee-free online banks — the ecosystem link is the deciding factor.\nRakuten and au Jibun offer documented brokerage integration; confirm current terms.\nPoint-program rules change frequently — verify earn rates and conditions before relying on them.\nThree directly comparable ecosystem-linked consumer online banks.","url":"/en/banks/compare/rakuten-vs-paypay-vs-jibun","updated":"2026-07-28"},{"id":"comparison:banks:banks-with-brokerage-integration:en","entityId":"comparison:banks:banks-with-brokerage-integration","entityType":"comparison","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Banks with brokerage integration in Japan","plainText":"Compare verified bank-to-brokerage links by ecosystem, without assuming that a linked account is right for every investor.\nResidents who already use, or plan to use, a Japanese brokerage.\nChoose the ecosystem only after comparing the brokerage itself.\nIntegration does not guarantee investment returns or account approval.\nIncluded only where a consumer bank has a source-backed brokerage-integration field.\nBrokerage quality, returns and approval likelihood are outside this bank comparison.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/compare/banks-with-brokerage-integration","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-bank","provider:sbi-sumishin","provider:jibun-bank"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Bank","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Sumishin Net Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank Corporation","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29","type":"comparison","cluster":"","text":"Compare verified bank-to-brokerage links by ecosystem, without assuming that a linked account is right for every investor.\nResidents who already use, or plan to use, a Japanese brokerage.\nChoose the ecosystem only after comparing the brokerage itself.\nIntegration does not guarantee investment returns or account approval.\nIncluded only where a consumer bank has a source-backed brokerage-integration field.\nBrokerage quality, returns and approval likelihood are outside this bank comparison.","url":"/en/banks/compare/banks-with-brokerage-integration","updated":"2026-07-29"},{"id":"comparison:banks:banks-for-international-transfers:en","entityId":"comparison:banks:banks-for-international-transfers","entityType":"comparison","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Banks for international transfers in Japan","plainText":"Compare whether international transfers are documented, alongside English support and foreign-currency accounts; confirm live fees and exchange rates before sending.\nResidents who regularly send or receive money across borders.\nA transfer feature does not establish the cheapest total cost.\nCompare the receiving fee, intermediary charges and exchange-rate markup for your route.\nIncluded where international-transfer capability is verified from official material.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/compare/banks-for-international-transfers","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sony-bank","provider:sbi-shinsei-bank","provider:seven-bank"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Seven Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.sevenbank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29","type":"comparison","cluster":"","text":"Compare whether international transfers are documented, alongside English support and foreign-currency accounts; confirm live fees and exchange rates before sending.\nResidents who regularly send or receive money across borders.\nA transfer feature does not establish the cheapest total cost.\nCompare the receiving fee, intermediary charges and exchange-rate markup for your route.\nIncluded where international-transfer capability is verified from official material.","url":"/en/banks/compare/banks-for-international-transfers","updated":"2026-07-29"},{"id":"comparison:banks:banks-with-foreign-currency-accounts:en","entityId":"comparison:banks:banks-with-foreign-currency-accounts","entityType":"comparison","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Banks with foreign-currency accounts in Japan","plainText":"A feature comparison of verified foreign-currency accounts, not a ranking of exchange rates or investment returns.\nResidents who hold, receive or spend currencies other than yen.\nForeign-currency deposits carry exchange-rate risk.\nDeposit insurance treatment and supported currencies require product-level confirmation.\nIncluded only when the foreign-currency-account field is source-backed.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/compare/banks-with-foreign-currency-accounts","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sony-bank","provider:sbi-shinsei-bank","provider:sbi-sumishin"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Sumishin Net Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29","type":"comparison","cluster":"","text":"A feature comparison of verified foreign-currency accounts, not a ranking of exchange rates or investment returns.\nResidents who hold, receive or spend currencies other than yen.\nForeign-currency deposits carry exchange-rate risk.\nDeposit insurance treatment and supported currencies require product-level confirmation.\nIncluded only when the foreign-currency-account field is source-backed.","url":"/en/banks/compare/banks-with-foreign-currency-accounts","updated":"2026-07-29"},{"id":"comparison:banks:bank-accounts-for-freelancers:en","entityId":"comparison:banks:bank-accounts-for-freelancers","entityType":"comparison","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Personal bank accounts for freelancers in Japan","plainText":"Compare personal accounts for separating freelance cash flow by fees, online access and ecosystem; this is not business-account guidance.\nSole proprietors considering a second personal account for bookkeeping.\nConfirm that the bank permits your intended personal-account use.\nA separate account simplifies records but does not change tax treatment.\nConsumer accounts are included for bookkeeping separation; no business-account claims are made.\nCorporate and dedicated business accounts are excluded pending separate research.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/banks/compare/bank-accounts-for-freelancers","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-bank","provider:sbi-sumishin","provider:paypay-bank","provider:gmo-aozora"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Bank","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Sumishin Net Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Bank Corporation","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"GMO Aozora Net Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://gmo-aozora.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29","type":"comparison","cluster":"","text":"Compare personal accounts for separating freelance cash flow by fees, online access and ecosystem; this is not business-account guidance.\nSole proprietors considering a second personal account for bookkeeping.\nConfirm that the bank permits your intended personal-account use.\nA separate account simplifies records but does not change tax treatment.\nConsumer accounts are included for bookkeeping separation; no business-account claims are made.\nCorporate and dedicated business accounts are excluded pending separate research.","url":"/en/banks/compare/bank-accounts-for-freelancers","updated":"2026-07-29"},{"id":"glossary:zairyu-card:en","entityId":"glossary:zairyu-card","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Residence card (在留カード)","plainText":"The government-issued ID card for mid-to-long-term foreign residents. It is the primary document for opening bank accounts, applying for cards, and most financial services.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#zairyu-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"banking","text":"The government-issued ID card for mid-to-long-term foreign residents. It is the primary document for opening bank accounts, applying for cards, and most financial services.","url":"/en/glossary#zairyu-card"},{"id":"glossary:my-number:en","entityId":"glossary:my-number","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Individual Number (マイナンバー)","plainText":"A 12-digit personal ID number used for tax, social security, and increasingly for financial account identification. Some banks and brokerages require it.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#my-number","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"A 12-digit personal ID number used for tax, social security, and increasingly for financial account identification. Some banks and brokerages require it.","url":"/en/glossary#my-number"},{"id":"glossary:koza-furikae:en","entityId":"glossary:koza-furikae","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Direct debit (口座振替)","plainText":"Automatic withdrawal from your bank account for recurring bills such as rent, utilities, and credit-card payments.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#koza-furikae","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"banking","text":"Automatic withdrawal from your bank account for recurring bills such as rent, utilities, and credit-card payments.","url":"/en/glossary#koza-furikae"},{"id":"glossary:furikomi:en","entityId":"glossary:furikomi","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Bank transfer (振込)","plainText":"A transfer of money to another bank account, often used for rent, invoices, and payments. Fees vary by bank and channel.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#furikomi","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"banking","text":"A transfer of money to another bank account, often used for rent, invoices, and payments. Fees vary by bank and channel.","url":"/en/glossary#furikomi"},{"id":"glossary:nisa:en","entityId":"glossary:nisa","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Tax-free investment account (NISA)","plainText":"A tax-free investment account. Since 2024 it allows ¥3.6M/year (¥18M lifetime) of investments whose gains are exempt from tax.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#nisa","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"investing","text":"A tax-free investment account. 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Eligibility weighs income, employment, and often permanent residency; choose between fixed and floating rates.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#jutaku-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency (JHF)","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"A mortgage. 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Watch the exchange-rate markup, which often costs more than the visible transfer fee.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#kaigai-soukin","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan (BOJ)","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"remittance","text":"Sending money across borders. Watch the exchange-rate markup, which often costs more than the visible transfer fee.","url":"/en/glossary#kaigai-soukin"},{"id":"glossary:ango-shisan:en","entityId":"glossary:ango-shisan","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Crypto-asset (暗号資産)","plainText":"Cryptocurrency. Gains are taxed as miscellaneous income at marginal rates; only FSA-registered exchanges may serve residents.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#ango-shisan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:crypto"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency (NTA)","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency (FSA)","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"crypto","text":"Cryptocurrency. Gains are taxed as miscellaneous income at marginal rates; only FSA-registered exchanges may serve residents.","url":"/en/glossary#ango-shisan"},{"id":"glossary:honnin-kakunin:en","entityId":"glossary:honnin-kakunin","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Identity verification (KYC) (本人確認)","plainText":"The identity-verification process required to open financial accounts, using documents such as a residence card.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#honnin-kakunin","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Immigration Services Agency of Japan","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"banking","text":"The identity-verification process required to open financial accounts, using documents such as a residence card.","url":"/en/glossary#honnin-kakunin"},{"id":"glossary:gankin:en","entityId":"glossary:gankin","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Principal (元金)","plainText":"The amount borrowed before interest and fees. Interest is charged on the outstanding principal.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#gankin","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"The amount borrowed before interest and fees. Interest is charged on the outstanding principal.","url":"/en/glossary#gankin"},{"id":"glossary:kinri:en","entityId":"glossary:kinri","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Interest rate (金利)","plainText":"The annual rate charged on a loan. The base (reference) rate minus a discount gives the preferential applied rate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#kinri","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"The annual rate charged on a loan. The base (reference) rate minus a discount gives the preferential applied rate.","url":"/en/glossary#kinri"},{"id":"glossary:hendo-kinri:en","entityId":"glossary:hendo-kinri","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Variable interest rate (変動金利)","plainText":"A rate reviewed periodically, commonly twice a year; the borrower bears any increase.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#hendo-kinri","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"A rate reviewed periodically, commonly twice a year; the borrower bears any increase.","url":"/en/glossary#hendo-kinri"},{"id":"glossary:kotei-kinri:en","entityId":"glossary:kotei-kinri","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fixed interest rate (固定金利)","plainText":"A rate fixed for a defined period or the whole term (as with Flat 35). It removes interest-rate risk at a higher initial cost.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#kotei-kinri","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"A rate fixed for a defined period or the whole term (as with Flat 35). It removes interest-rate risk at a higher initial cost.","url":"/en/glossary#kotei-kinri"},{"id":"glossary:danshin:en","entityId":"glossary:danshin","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Group credit life insurance (団信)","plainText":"Group credit life insurance (団体信用生命保険) that repays the mortgage if the insured borrower dies or is severely disabled.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#danshin","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"Group credit life insurance (団体信用生命保険) that repays the mortgage if the insured borrower dies or is severely disabled.","url":"/en/glossary#danshin"},{"id":"glossary:atamakin:en","entityId":"glossary:atamakin","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Down payment (頭金)","plainText":"The cash paid upfront toward the price; a larger down payment lowers the loan-to-value ratio and often improves pricing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#atamakin","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"The cash paid upfront toward the price; a larger down payment lowers the loan-to-value ratio and often improves pricing.","url":"/en/glossary#atamakin"},{"id":"glossary:tetsukekin:en","entityId":"glossary:tetsukekin","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Earnest money (手付金)","plainText":"A payment at contract that is part of the price, credited at closing; refundable on financing failure only if the financing clause applies.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#tetsukekin","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"A payment at contract that is part of the price, credited at closing; refundable on financing failure only if the financing clause applies.","url":"/en/glossary#tetsukekin"},{"id":"glossary:chukai-tesuryo:en","entityId":"glossary:chukai-tesuryo","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Brokerage fee (仲介手数料)","plainText":"Commission paid to a licensed broker, subject to a statutory maximum based on the price and transaction.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#chukai-tesuryo","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"Commission paid to a licensed broker, subject to a statutory maximum based on the price and transaction.","url":"/en/glossary#chukai-tesuryo"},{"id":"glossary:juyo-jiko-setsumei:en","entityId":"glossary:juyo-jiko-setsumei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Explanation of important matters (重要事項説明)","plainText":"A required disclosure by a licensed transaction specialist covering title, restrictions, hazards, and cancellation before the contract.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#juyo-jiko-setsumei","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"A required disclosure by a licensed transaction specialist covering title, restrictions, hazards, and cancellation before the contract.","url":"/en/glossary#juyo-jiko-setsumei"},{"id":"glossary:shihoshoshi:en","entityId":"glossary:shihoshoshi","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Judicial scrivener (司法書士)","plainText":"The professional who prepares and files ownership and mortgage registrations and verifies closing formalities.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#shihoshoshi","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"The professional who prepares and files ownership and mortgage registrations and verifies closing formalities.","url":"/en/glossary#shihoshoshi"},{"id":"glossary:shoyuken:en","entityId":"glossary:shoyuken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Freehold (所有権)","plainText":"Perpetual ownership of land subject to law and tax; the conventional, financeable form.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#shoyuken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"Perpetual ownership of land subject to law and tax; the conventional, financeable form.","url":"/en/glossary#shoyuken"},{"id":"glossary:shakuchiken:en","entityId":"glossary:shakuchiken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Leasehold (借地権)","plainText":"A right to use land owned by another, subject to ground rent and consent; it constrains financing and resale.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#shakuchiken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"A right to use land owned by another, subject to ground rent and consent; it constrains financing and resale.","url":"/en/glossary#shakuchiken"},{"id":"glossary:shuzen-tsumitatekin:en","entityId":"glossary:shuzen-tsumitatekin","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Repair reserve (修繕積立金)","plainText":"A condominium fund accumulated for major capital works; distinct from the management fee, which covers ordinary operations.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#shuzen-tsumitatekin","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"A condominium fund accumulated for major capital works; distinct from the management fee, which covers ordinary operations.","url":"/en/glossary#shuzen-tsumitatekin"},{"id":"glossary:kanrihi:en","entityId":"glossary:kanrihi","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Condominium management fee (管理費)","plainText":"A monthly fee for ordinary shared operations of a condominium; it is not saved for major repairs.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#kanrihi","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"A monthly fee for ordinary shared operations of a condominium; it is not saved for major repairs.","url":"/en/glossary#kanrihi"},{"id":"glossary:saikenchiku-fuka:en","entityId":"glossary:saikenchiku-fuka","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Non-rebuildable (再建築不可)","plainText":"A property that cannot ordinarily be replaced under current access or planning rules; finance and resale are severely constrained.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#saikenchiku-fuka","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"A property that cannot ordinarily be replaced under current access or planning rules; finance and resale are severely constrained.","url":"/en/glossary#saikenchiku-fuka"},{"id":"glossary:akiya:en","entityId":"glossary:akiya","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Vacant house (空き家)","plainText":"A vacant home; often cheap but may carry title, access, structural, and renovation issues that exceed the price.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#akiya","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"A vacant home; often cheap but may carry title, access, structural, and renovation issues that exceed the price.","url":"/en/glossary#akiya"},{"id":"glossary:jutaku-loan-genzei:en","entityId":"glossary:jutaku-loan-genzei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage tax deduction (住宅ローン減税)","plainText":"An income-tax credit based on the qualifying year-end mortgage balance, subject to conditions; 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worthwhile only when present-value savings exceed all new costs.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#karikae","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"Replacing a mortgage with a new one; worthwhile only when present-value savings exceed all new costs.","url":"/en/glossary#karikae"},{"id":"glossary:minpaku:en","entityId":"glossary:minpaku","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Private lodging (minpaku) (民泊)","plainText":"Short-term lodging generally limited to 180 days/year nationally; municipalities and condo bylaws can restrict it further.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#minpaku","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"Short-term lodging generally limited to 180 days/year nationally; municipalities and condo bylaws can restrict it further.","url":"/en/glossary#minpaku"},{"id":"glossary:point-kangen:en","entityId":"glossary:point-kangen","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Reward rate (ポイント還元率)","plainText":"The value returned as a percentage of spending. 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The base rate is the ordinary return before campaigns; the effective rate is what you actually receive after caps, fees, exclusions, rounding, and realistic redemption value.","url":"/en/glossary#point-kangen"},{"id":"glossary:kikan-gentei-point:en","entityId":"glossary:kikan-gentei-point","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Limited-time points (期間限定ポイント)","plainText":"Points with a fixed, often short deadline and sometimes narrower redemption options than ordinary points. 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The gap from the mid-market rate is an exchange cost.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#tts","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"remittance","text":"The rate a bank applies when a customer buys foreign currency with yen. The gap from the mid-market rate is an exchange cost.","url":"/en/glossary#tts"},{"id":"glossary:ttb:en","entityId":"glossary:ttb","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"TTB rate (対顧客電信買相場（TTB）)","plainText":"The rate a bank applies when a customer sells foreign currency back to yen. 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Each can deduct a fee.","url":"/en/glossary#korurusu-ginko"},{"id":"glossary:swift-bic:en","entityId":"glossary:swift-bic","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"SWIFT/BIC code (SWIFT／BICコード)","plainText":"The international code identifying a specific bank in a cross-border payment message.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#swift-bic","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SWIFT","url":"https://www.swift.com/about-us","official":false}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"remittance","text":"The international code identifying a specific bank in a cross-border payment message.","url":"/en/glossary#swift-bic"},{"id":"glossary:iban:en","entityId":"glossary:iban","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"International Bank Account Number (IBAN)","plainText":"A standardized account identifier used in Europe and many other countries, given by the recipient for an international transfer.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#iban","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SWIFT","url":"https://www.swift.com/about-us","official":false}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"remittance","text":"A standardized account identifier used in Europe and many other countries, given by the recipient for an international transfer.","url":"/en/glossary#iban"},{"id":"glossary:kumimodoshi:en","entityId":"glossary:kumimodoshi","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Recall of a transfer (組戻)","plainText":"A request to return a transfer after it has been released. 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Common in pet, travel, property, and vehicle-damage cover.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#menseki-kingaku","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"The portion of a loss you pay yourself before or alongside the insurer’s payment. 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Usually little or no surrender value; renewal can sharply raise the premium.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#teiki-hoken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"Protection for a fixed number of years or to a set age. Usually little or no surrender value; renewal can sharply raise the premium.","url":"/en/glossary#teiki-hoken"},{"id":"glossary:shushin-hoken:en","entityId":"glossary:shushin-hoken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Whole-life insurance (終身保険)","plainText":"Lifetime death cover if premiums are maintained. Some designs build surrender value, but early cancellation can return far less than premiums paid.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#shushin-hoken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"Lifetime death cover if premiums are maintained. Some designs build surrender value, but early cancellation can return far less than premiums paid.","url":"/en/glossary#shushin-hoken"},{"id":"glossary:kaiyaku-henreikin:en","entityId":"glossary:kaiyaku-henreikin","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Surrender value (解約返戻金)","plainText":"The amount payable if a cash-value life or annuity contract is cancelled. It is not a bank deposit and can be low in the early years.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#kaiyaku-henreikin","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"The amount payable if a cash-value life or annuity contract is cancelled. It is not a bank deposit and can be low in the early years.","url":"/en/glossary#kaiyaku-henreikin"},{"id":"glossary:tokuyaku:en","entityId":"glossary:tokuyaku","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rider (特約)","plainText":"Optional coverage attached to a main policy, such as advanced medical treatment, premium waiver, personal liability, or women’s illness.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#tokuyaku","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"Optional coverage attached to a main policy, such as advanced medical treatment, premium waiver, personal liability, or women’s illness.","url":"/en/glossary#tokuyaku"},{"id":"glossary:kokuchi:en","entityId":"glossary:kokuchi","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Disclosure (告知)","plainText":"The answers an applicant must give accurately. Material omission or misstatement can void cover or allow the insurer to refuse a claim.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#kokuchi","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"The answers an applicant must give accurately. Material omission or misstatement can void cover or allow the insurer to refuse a claim.","url":"/en/glossary#kokuchi"},{"id":"glossary:hikiuke-satei:en","entityId":"glossary:hikiuke-satei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Underwriting (引受査定)","plainText":"The insurer’s assessment of health, occupation, or other risk. Acceptance may be standard, rated, restricted, postponed, or declined.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#hikiuke-satei","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"The insurer’s assessment of health, occupation, or other risk. Acceptance may be standard, rated, restricted, postponed, or declined.","url":"/en/glossary#hikiuke-satei"},{"id":"glossary:kougaku-ryoyohi:en","entityId":"glossary:kougaku-ryoyohi","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit (高額療養費)","plainText":"A public-insurance mechanism that caps eligible medical cost-sharing within a calendar month by age and income category.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#kougaku-ryoyohi","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"A public-insurance mechanism that caps eligible medical cost-sharing within a calendar month by age and income category.","url":"/en/glossary#kougaku-ryoyohi"},{"id":"glossary:shobyo-teate:en","entityId":"glossary:shobyo-teate","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Sickness and injury allowance (傷病手当金)","plainText":"Employee health-insurance income support for eligible non-work illness or injury, broadly two-thirds of standard remuneration.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#shobyo-teate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Health Insurance Association","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"Employee health-insurance income support for eligible non-work illness or injury, broadly two-thirds of standard remuneration.","url":"/en/glossary#shobyo-teate"},{"id":"glossary:jibaiseki:en","entityId":"glossary:jibaiseki","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance (自賠責保険)","plainText":"Mandatory motor-vehicle cover for bodily injury or death of accident victims. 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It excludes property damage, your own vehicle, and liability above statutory limits.","url":"/en/glossary#jibaiseki"},{"id":"glossary:nini-hoken:en","entityId":"glossary:nini-hoken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Voluntary automobile insurance (任意保険)","plainText":"Optional car insurance covering third-party liability, own injury, vehicle damage, legal expenses, and roadside assistance beyond compulsory cover.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#nini-hoken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jidosha/index.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"Optional car insurance covering third-party liability, own injury, vehicle damage, legal expenses, and roadside assistance beyond compulsory cover.","url":"/en/glossary#nini-hoken"},{"id":"glossary:kasai-hoken:en","entityId":"glossary:kasai-hoken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fire insurance (火災保険)","plainText":"Property cover for selected risks such as fire, wind, and water damage. 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One household policy often suffices.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#kojin-baisho","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"Cover for everyday legal liability — a child breaking property, a cycling accident, or certain water-leak claims. One household policy often suffices.","url":"/en/glossary#kojin-baisho"},{"id":"glossary:shakuya-baisho:en","entityId":"glossary:shakuya-baisho","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Tenant liability (借家人賠償責任)","plainText":"A renter’s liability to the landlord for specified damage to the rented property, distinct from contents cover and personal liability.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#shakuya-baisho","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"A renter’s liability to the landlord for specified damage to the rented property, distinct from contents cover and personal liability.","url":"/en/glossary#shakuya-baisho"},{"id":"glossary:gan-hoken:en","entityId":"glossary:gan-hoken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Cancer insurance (がん保険)","plainText":"Cover paying contract-defined cash on cancer diagnosis or treatment, subject to a waiting period, definitions, recurrence rules, and limits.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#gan-hoken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"Cover paying contract-defined cash on cancer diagnosis or treatment, subject to a waiting period, definitions, recurrence rules, and limits.","url":"/en/glossary#gan-hoken"},{"id":"glossary:iryo-hoken-minkan:en","entityId":"glossary:iryo-hoken-minkan","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Private medical insurance (医療保険)","plainText":"Private cover paying fixed hospitalization, surgery, or treatment benefits. 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It supplements, and does not replace, public health insurance.","url":"/en/glossary#iryo-hoken-minkan"},{"id":"glossary:shugyo-funo:en","entityId":"glossary:shugyo-funo","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Income protection insurance (就業不能保険)","plainText":"Monthly benefits after a waiting period when the insured meets the contract’s inability-to-work definition; short illness and unemployment are usually excluded.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#shugyo-funo","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"Monthly benefits after a waiting period when the insured meets the contract’s inability-to-work definition; short illness and unemployment are usually excluded.","url":"/en/glossary#shugyo-funo"},{"id":"glossary:kojin-nenkin:en","entityId":"glossary:kojin-nenkin","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Private annuity (個人年金保険)","plainText":"A savings-type contract providing retirement income, sometimes in foreign currency. Compare with iDeCo, NISA, fees, and inflation before buying.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#kojin-nenkin","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"A savings-type contract providing retirement income, sometimes in foreign currency. Compare with iDeCo, NISA, fees, and inflation before buying.","url":"/en/glossary#kojin-nenkin"},{"id":"glossary:gakushi-hoken:en","entityId":"glossary:gakushi-hoken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Education insurance (学資保険)","plainText":"Scheduled education payouts with a premium-waiver feature on the policyholder’s death or disability. Liquidity and returns are limited.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#gakushi-hoken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"Scheduled education payouts with a premium-waiver feature on the policyholder’s death or disability. Liquidity and returns are limited.","url":"/en/glossary#gakushi-hoken"},{"id":"glossary:kaigo-hoken-minkan:en","entityId":"glossary:kaigo-hoken-minkan","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Private nursing-care insurance (民間介護保険)","plainText":"A lump sum or annuity paid when the insured reaches a contract-defined care state or public care level. It does not replace public Long-Term Care Insurance.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#kaigo-hoken-minkan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/hukushi_kaigo/kaigo_koureisha/index.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"A lump sum or annuity paid when the insured reaches a contract-defined care state or public care level. It does not replace public Long-Term Care Insurance.","url":"/en/glossary#kaigo-hoken-minkan"},{"id":"glossary:pet-hoken:en","entityId":"glossary:pet-hoken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Pet insurance (ペット保険)","plainText":"Reimbursement of eligible veterinary costs at a set percentage, subject to waiting periods, annual and daily limits, deductibles, and exclusions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/glossary#pet-hoken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan (GIAJ)","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"Reimbursement of eligible veterinary costs at a set percentage, subject to waiting periods, annual and daily limits, deductibles, and exclusions.","url":"/en/glossary#pet-hoken"},{"id":"persona:new-to-japan:en","entityId":"persona:new-to-japan","entityType":"persona","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"New to Japan","plainText":"Your first year: set up money from scratch.\nYou have recently arrived and need to build banking, cards, tax, and daily money from zero.\nEverything is new at once — a bank account, a phone contract, rent, and a tax system you did not grow up with. The goal of your first year is not optimisation; it is a working foundation.\nYou do not need the perfect card or the best brokerage yet. You need accounts that function, bills that pay themselves, and a basic grasp of what comes out of your income.\nOpen a bank account using your residence card\nUnderstand your tax residency and what is withheld\nGet one accessible credit card and pay it in full\nSet up cheap international remittance before you need it\nResident tax is billed a year late — budget for a bigger year two\nKeep your address updated within 14 days of moving\nAvoid revolving payment (リボ) defaults on new cards","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/persona/new-to-japan","relationships":{"courses":["course:money-basics-japan","course:budgeting-and-saving","course:credit-and-cards","course:understanding-taxes"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:moving-to-japan"]},"sources":[],"type":"persona","cluster":"","text":"Your first year: set up money from scratch.\nYou have recently arrived and need to build banking, cards, tax, and daily money from zero.\nEverything is new at once — a bank account, a phone contract, rent, and a tax system you did not grow up with. The goal of your first year is not optimisation; it is a working foundation.\nYou do not need the perfect card or the best brokerage yet. You need accounts that function, bills that pay themselves, and a basic grasp of what comes out of your income.\nOpen a bank account using your residence card\nUnderstand your tax residency and what is withheld\nGet one accessible credit card and pay it in full\nSet up cheap international remittance before you need it\nResident tax is billed a year late — budget for a bigger year two\nKeep your address updated within 14 days of moving\nAvoid revolving payment (リボ) defaults on new cards","url":"/en/learn/persona/new-to-japan"},{"id":"persona:expat:en","entityId":"persona:expat","entityType":"persona","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Expat professional","plainText":"Mid-term resident balancing two countries.\nYou are settled and working, possibly for a few years, with money and obligations spanning Japan and home.\nThe basics are handled; now the cross-border questions appear. Should you invest in Japan when you might leave? How do NISA and your home-country accounts interact? What happens to tax when you move on?\nYour edge is planning with an exit in mind — using tax-advantaged tools while resident, without creating a mess for the day you leave.\nClarify your tax residency status and its five-year milestones\nDecide how NISA/iDeCo fit a possibly temporary stay\nCoordinate accounts and reporting with your home country\nPlan the tax and pension consequences of leaving early\nLeaving Japan changes NISA/iDeCo eligibility — know the rules first\nJapan’s exit tax can apply to large holdings on departure\nHome-country reporting (e.g. US FBAR/FATCA) may still apply","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/persona/expat","relationships":{"courses":["course:nisa-foundations","course:understanding-taxes","course:cross-border-tax"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:start-investing","roadmap:leaving-japan"]},"sources":[],"type":"persona","cluster":"","text":"Mid-term resident balancing two countries.\nYou are settled and working, possibly for a few years, with money and obligations spanning Japan and home.\nThe basics are handled; now the cross-border questions appear. Should you invest in Japan when you might leave? How do NISA and your home-country accounts interact? What happens to tax when you move on?\nYour edge is planning with an exit in mind — using tax-advantaged tools while resident, without creating a mess for the day you leave.\nClarify your tax residency status and its five-year milestones\nDecide how NISA/iDeCo fit a possibly temporary stay\nCoordinate accounts and reporting with your home country\nPlan the tax and pension consequences of leaving early\nLeaving Japan changes NISA/iDeCo eligibility — know the rules first\nJapan’s exit tax can apply to large holdings on departure\nHome-country reporting (e.g. US FBAR/FATCA) may still apply","url":"/en/learn/persona/expat"},{"id":"persona:born-in-japan:en","entityId":"persona:born-in-japan","entityType":"persona","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Born and raised in Japan","plainText":"Make the domestic system work harder for you.\nYou know daily life here, but want to use NISA, deductions, and long-term investing with more confidence.\nFluency in daily money does not always mean fluency in investing or tax optimisation. Many lifelong residents keep everything in low-interest savings and never open a NISA.\nYour opportunity is to put idle savings to work through tax-advantaged accounts and to claim the deductions the system already offers you.\nOpen and fund a NISA for long-term, tax-free growth\nUse furusato nozei and other deductions each year\nBuild an emergency fund, then invest the surplus\nConsider iDeCo for retirement alongside the public pension\nCash-only saving quietly loses ground to inflation over decades\nBeware high-fee insurance-linked \"investment\" products\nDo not chase individual stock tips in place of diversification","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/persona/born-in-japan","relationships":{"courses":["course:nisa-foundations","course:first-time-investing","course:understanding-taxes"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:start-investing"]},"sources":[],"type":"persona","cluster":"","text":"Make the domestic system work harder for you.\nYou know daily life here, but want to use NISA, deductions, and long-term investing with more confidence.\nFluency in daily money does not always mean fluency in investing or tax optimisation. Many lifelong residents keep everything in low-interest savings and never open a NISA.\nYour opportunity is to put idle savings to work through tax-advantaged accounts and to claim the deductions the system already offers you.\nOpen and fund a NISA for long-term, tax-free growth\nUse furusato nozei and other deductions each year\nBuild an emergency fund, then invest the surplus\nConsider iDeCo for retirement alongside the public pension\nCash-only saving quietly loses ground to inflation over decades\nBeware high-fee insurance-linked \"investment\" products\nDo not chase individual stock tips in place of diversification","url":"/en/learn/persona/born-in-japan"},{"id":"persona:fresh-grad:en","entityId":"persona:fresh-grad","entityType":"persona","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Fresh graduate","plainText":"Your first salary and lifelong habits.\nYou have started your first full-time job (新社会人) and are learning payslips, saving, and investing at once.\nYour income is modest but your time horizon is enormous — which makes early habits worth more than a high salary later. A little invested now compounds for decades.\nThe first payslip is a great teacher: it shows tax, pension, and insurance in black and white. Understanding it turns \"where did my money go\" into a plan.\nRead your payslip and understand each deduction\nAutomate a small monthly saving from payday\nOpen a NISA and start a low, steady tsumitate\nGet a first credit card and always pay in full\nLifestyle inflation eats raises before you save them\nResident tax starts in your second working year — plan for it\nAvoid revolving credit and high-fee savings-insurance products","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/persona/fresh-grad","relationships":{"courses":["course:budgeting-and-saving","course:understanding-taxes","course:nisa-foundations","course:first-time-investing"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:start-investing"]},"sources":[],"type":"persona","cluster":"","text":"Your first salary and lifelong habits.\nYou have started your first full-time job (新社会人) and are learning payslips, saving, and investing at once.\nYour income is modest but your time horizon is enormous — which makes early habits worth more than a high salary later. A little invested now compounds for decades.\nThe first payslip is a great teacher: it shows tax, pension, and insurance in black and white. Understanding it turns \"where did my money go\" into a plan.\nRead your payslip and understand each deduction\nAutomate a small monthly saving from payday\nOpen a NISA and start a low, steady tsumitate\nGet a first credit card and always pay in full\nLifestyle inflation eats raises before you save them\nResident tax starts in your second working year — plan for it\nAvoid revolving credit and high-fee savings-insurance products","url":"/en/learn/persona/fresh-grad"},{"id":"persona:thirties:en","entityId":"persona:thirties","entityType":"persona","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"In your 30s","plainText":"Building, and often a household too.\nYou have income and choices — housing, family, retirement — and want them to fit together sensibly.\nThis is the decade where decisions get bigger: rent versus buy, insurance for dependents, funding both a home and retirement. Trade-offs replace simple rules.\nThe aim is a coherent plan rather than isolated products — an emergency fund, tax-advantaged investing, right-sized insurance, and a clear view of any mortgage.\nRight-size insurance for dependents — no more, no less\nKeep investing through NISA and consider iDeCo\nModel rent versus buy honestly before a mortgage\nUse furusato nozei and family-related deductions\nOver-insuring is a common, expensive mistake\nA mortgage decision hinges on residency and rate type\nDo not pause retirement saving entirely for a home","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/persona/thirties","relationships":{"courses":["course:budgeting-and-saving","course:nisa-foundations","course:understanding-taxes"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:buying-a-home","roadmap:start-investing"]},"sources":[],"type":"persona","cluster":"","text":"Building, and often a household too.\nYou have income and choices — housing, family, retirement — and want them to fit together sensibly.\nThis is the decade where decisions get bigger: rent versus buy, insurance for dependents, funding both a home and retirement. Trade-offs replace simple rules.\nThe aim is a coherent plan rather than isolated products — an emergency fund, tax-advantaged investing, right-sized insurance, and a clear view of any mortgage.\nRight-size insurance for dependents — no more, no less\nKeep investing through NISA and consider iDeCo\nModel rent versus buy honestly before a mortgage\nUse furusato nozei and family-related deductions\nOver-insuring is a common, expensive mistake\nA mortgage decision hinges on residency and rate type\nDo not pause retirement saving entirely for a home","url":"/en/learn/persona/thirties"},{"id":"persona:first-time-investor:en","entityId":"persona:first-time-investor","entityType":"persona","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"First-time investor","plainText":"From saver to investor, calmly.\nYou have savings and are ready to invest, but want to understand risk before you put money in.\nThe hardest part of investing is not choosing a fund — it is understanding risk well enough to stay calm when markets fall. Get that right and the rest is mostly patience.\nYour path is short: confirm you have an emergency fund, learn the durable ideas (diversification, low costs, compounding), then start small inside a NISA and keep going.\nConfirm your emergency fund before investing a yen\nLearn risk, diversification, and low-cost index funds\nOpen a NISA and choose a broad default fund\nAutomate monthly investing and ignore the noise\n\"High return, no risk\" is always a scam\nDo not invest money you need within a few years\nPanic-selling in a downturn is the costliest habit","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/persona/first-time-investor","relationships":{"courses":["course:first-time-investing","course:nisa-foundations","course:budgeting-and-saving"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:start-investing"]},"sources":[],"type":"persona","cluster":"","text":"From saver to investor, calmly.\nYou have savings and are ready to invest, but want to understand risk before you put money in.\nThe hardest part of investing is not choosing a fund — it is understanding risk well enough to stay calm when markets fall. Get that right and the rest is mostly patience.\nYour path is short: confirm you have an emergency fund, learn the durable ideas (diversification, low costs, compounding), then start small inside a NISA and keep going.\nConfirm your emergency fund before investing a yen\nLearn risk, diversification, and low-cost index funds\nOpen a NISA and choose a broad default fund\nAutomate monthly investing and ignore the noise\n\"High return, no risk\" is always a scam\nDo not invest money you need within a few years\nPanic-selling in a downturn is the costliest habit","url":"/en/learn/persona/first-time-investor"},{"id":"persona:international-student:en","entityId":"persona:international-student","entityType":"persona","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"International student","plainText":"Study, part-time work, and money that fits a visa.\nYou are studying in Japan on a student visa, managing a tight budget and part-time work rules.\nMoney as a student is about basics done well on a small budget: a working bank account, cheap remittance from family or home, and staying within the hours your visa allows for part-time work.\nYou can still build good habits and a thin credit history now that pay off if you stay after graduation.\nOpen a student-friendly bank account\nSet up low-cost remittance for support from home\nTrack the part-time work hours your visa permits\nGet a starter card if eligible and pay in full\nExceeding permitted work hours risks your visa\nWatch remittance markups on small, frequent transfers\nKnow the tax rules if you earn beyond a threshold","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/persona/international-student","relationships":{"courses":["course:money-basics-japan","course:budgeting-and-saving","course:credit-and-cards"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:moving-to-japan"]},"sources":[],"type":"persona","cluster":"","text":"Study, part-time work, and money that fits a visa.\nYou are studying in Japan on a student visa, managing a tight budget and part-time work rules.\nMoney as a student is about basics done well on a small budget: a working bank account, cheap remittance from family or home, and staying within the hours your visa allows for part-time work.\nYou can still build good habits and a thin credit history now that pay off if you stay after graduation.\nOpen a student-friendly bank account\nSet up low-cost remittance for support from home\nTrack the part-time work hours your visa permits\nGet a starter card if eligible and pay in full\nExceeding permitted work hours risks your visa\nWatch remittance markups on small, frequent transfers\nKnow the tax rules if you earn beyond a threshold","url":"/en/learn/persona/international-student"},{"id":"persona:dual-citizen:en","entityId":"persona:dual-citizen","entityType":"persona","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Dual citizen / cross-border","plainText":"Two systems, one clear plan.\nYou hold ties to two countries — citizenship, family, or assets — and taxes reach across borders.\nCross-border life multiplies the rules: two tax systems, possible double taxation, and reporting duties that can apply even when no tax is owed. US citizens face this most sharply, but any dual tie needs care.\nThe winning move is to map obligations early and keep clean records, rather than discover a filing requirement years late. This is the persona most likely to benefit from a qualified cross-border professional.\nEstablish your tax residency in each country\nUnderstand the treaty and foreign tax credit between them\nTrack all reporting duties (e.g. US FBAR/FATCA)\nPlan for Japan’s exit tax if you hold large investments\nReporting penalties can apply even with zero tax due\nJapan’s NISA break may not be recognised abroad\nDIY cross-border filing is where costly mistakes hide","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/persona/dual-citizen","relationships":{"courses":["course:cross-border-tax","course:understanding-taxes","course:nisa-foundations"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:leaving-japan"]},"sources":[],"type":"persona","cluster":"","text":"Two systems, one clear plan.\nYou hold ties to two countries — citizenship, family, or assets — and taxes reach across borders.\nCross-border life multiplies the rules: two tax systems, possible double taxation, and reporting duties that can apply even when no tax is owed. US citizens face this most sharply, but any dual tie needs care.\nThe winning move is to map obligations early and keep clean records, rather than discover a filing requirement years late. This is the persona most likely to benefit from a qualified cross-border professional.\nEstablish your tax residency in each country\nUnderstand the treaty and foreign tax credit between them\nTrack all reporting duties (e.g. US FBAR/FATCA)\nPlan for Japan’s exit tax if you hold large investments\nReporting penalties can apply even with zero tax due\nJapan’s NISA break may not be recognised abroad\nDIY cross-border filing is where costly mistakes hide","url":"/en/learn/persona/dual-citizen"},{"id":"course:money-basics-japan:en","entityId":"course:money-basics-japan","entityType":"course","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Money basics in Japan","plainText":"How everyday money works here: banks, cash culture, My Number, and the bills you cannot ignore.\nSet up the accounts and cards you need in your first months\nRecognise the taxes and insurance that come out of your income\nKnow which official documents matter and why\nBank accounts and a cash-first culture\nJapan still runs on cash and bank transfers (振込・furikomi) far more than many countries. A Japanese bank account (口座・kōza) is the hub for your salary, rent, utilities, and card payments.\nMegabanks have branches everywhere, while online banks and English-friendly banks are usually the easiest first account for a newcomer. You will need your residence card, and often a personal seal (印鑑・inkan) — though many online banks now accept a signature.\nAutomatic bill payment by direct debit (口座振替) and salary deposit (給与振込) are normal. Setting these up early prevents missed payments and late fees.\nA bank account is the hub for salary, rent, and bills\nBring your residence card; a seal may still be requested\nSet up direct debit early to avoid missed payments\nMy Number and the documents that matter\nYour My Number (マイナンバー) is a 12-digit ID used for tax, social insurance, and some financial accounts. Banks and brokerages will ask for it. Keep the card or notification safe and private.\nTwo other documents recur constantly: your residence card (在留カード), which proves your status and address, and proof of income (源泉徴収票 — the year-end withholding slip from your employer).\nWhen you move, update your address at city hall and on your residence card within 14 days. A current address is required for banking, insurance, and tax.\nMy Number is required for tax and financial accounts\nKeep your residence card address current within 14 days\nThe 源泉徴収票 is your official proof of income\nWhat comes out of your income\nIf you are employed, your payslip shows deductions before you ever see the money: income tax (所得税), resident tax (住民税), health insurance (健康保険), and pension (厚生年金). Together these can be roughly 15–30% depending on income.\nResident tax is billed based on last year’s income, so it can surprise you in your second year — and it can still arrive after you leave Japan. Budget for it.\nEmployees usually have taxes settled automatically through the year-end adjustment (年末調整), so many never file a return. You may still file to claim extra deductions.\nDeductions can be roughly 15–30% of income\nResident tax lags a year and can bill after you leave\nYear-end adjustment settles most employees’ taxes","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/courses/money-basics-japan","relationships":{"personas":["persona:new-to-japan","persona:international-student","persona:expat"]},"sources":[],"type":"course","cluster":"","text":"How everyday money works here: banks, cash culture, My Number, and the bills you cannot ignore.\nSet up the accounts and cards you need in your first months\nRecognise the taxes and insurance that come out of your income\nKnow which official documents matter and why\nBank accounts and a cash-first culture\nJapan still runs on cash and bank transfers (振込・furikomi) far more than many countries. A Japanese bank account (口座・kōza) is the hub for your salary, rent, utilities, and card payments.\nMegabanks have branches everywhere, while online banks and English-friendly banks are usually the easiest first account for a newcomer. You will need your residence card, and often a personal seal (印鑑・inkan) — though many online banks now accept a signature.\nAutomatic bill payment by direct debit (口座振替) and salary deposit (給与振込) are normal. Setting these up early prevents missed payments and late fees.\nA bank account is the hub for salary, rent, and bills\nBring your residence card; a seal may still be requested\nSet up direct debit early to avoid missed payments\nMy Number and the documents that matter\nYour My Number (マイナンバー) is a 12-digit ID used for tax, social insurance, and some financial accounts. Banks and brokerages will ask for it. Keep the card or notification safe and private.\nTwo other documents recur constantly: your residence card (在留カード), which proves your status and address, and proof of income (源泉徴収票 — the year-end withholding slip from your employer).\nWhen you move, update your address at city hall and on your residence card within 14 days. A current address is required for banking, insurance, and tax.\nMy Number is required for tax and financial accounts\nKeep your residence card address current within 14 days\nThe 源泉徴収票 is your official proof of income\nWhat comes out of your income\nIf you are employed, your payslip shows deductions before you ever see the money: income tax (所得税), resident tax (住民税), health insurance (健康保険), and pension (厚生年金). Together these can be roughly 15–30% depending on income.\nResident tax is billed based on last year’s income, so it can surprise you in your second year — and it can still arrive after you leave Japan. Budget for it.\nEmployees usually have taxes settled automatically through the year-end adjustment (年末調整), so many never file a return. You may still file to claim extra deductions.\nDeductions can be roughly 15–30% of income\nResident tax lags a year and can bill after you leave\nYear-end adjustment settles most employees’ taxes","url":"/en/learn/courses/money-basics-japan"},{"id":"course:budgeting-and-saving:en","entityId":"course:budgeting-and-saving","entityType":"course","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Budgeting and an emergency fund","plainText":"A simple system to track spending, control fixed costs, and build a safety buffer before you invest.\nSeparate fixed and variable costs and find quick wins\nSize an emergency fund for your situation\nAutomate saving so it happens without willpower\nFixed costs are where the money is\nBudgeting in Japan is easiest when you attack fixed costs (固定費) first: rent, phone, insurance, subscriptions. A single switch to a cheaper mobile carrier can save more than months of skipping coffee.\nList every recurring charge on your bank and card statements. Cancel what you do not use, and renegotiate or switch the rest. Fixed savings repeat every month with no ongoing effort.\nOnly after fixed costs are lean does trimming variable spending (食費・娯楽費) become worth the attention.\nCut fixed costs first — savings repeat monthly\nA cheaper SIM often beats daily frugality\nTrim variable spending only after fixed costs are lean\nHow big should your emergency fund be?\nAn emergency fund (生活防衛資金) is cash you keep accessible for job loss, medical costs, or a sudden move. A common guide is 3–6 months of essential living expenses.\nFreelancers and single-income households often aim higher (6–12 months) because income is less predictable. Those with very stable employment and public health insurance may be comfortable nearer the lower end.\nKeep it in an ordinary savings account you can reach instantly — not invested. Its job is safety and speed, not growth.\nTarget 3–6 months of essential expenses\nFreelancers and single earners lean higher\nKeep it in cash you can access instantly\nAutomate it so it happens\nWillpower fails; systems don’t. Use an automatic transfer (自動積立) that moves money to savings on payday, before you can spend it. This is often called \"paying yourself first\".\nMany banks and brokerages let you schedule a fixed monthly transfer. Start with an amount that never hurts, then raise it whenever your income does.\nA simple budgeting app (家計簿アプリ) that links to your accounts turns tracking into a glance instead of a chore.\nAutomate a payday transfer — pay yourself first\nStart painless, then raise it with each raise\nA linked budgeting app makes tracking effortless","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/courses/budgeting-and-saving","relationships":{"personas":["persona:fresh-grad","persona:new-to-japan","persona:thirties","persona:born-in-japan"]},"sources":[],"type":"course","cluster":"","text":"A simple system to track spending, control fixed costs, and build a safety buffer before you invest.\nSeparate fixed and variable costs and find quick wins\nSize an emergency fund for your situation\nAutomate saving so it happens without willpower\nFixed costs are where the money is\nBudgeting in Japan is easiest when you attack fixed costs (固定費) first: rent, phone, insurance, subscriptions. A single switch to a cheaper mobile carrier can save more than months of skipping coffee.\nList every recurring charge on your bank and card statements. Cancel what you do not use, and renegotiate or switch the rest. Fixed savings repeat every month with no ongoing effort.\nOnly after fixed costs are lean does trimming variable spending (食費・娯楽費) become worth the attention.\nCut fixed costs first — savings repeat monthly\nA cheaper SIM often beats daily frugality\nTrim variable spending only after fixed costs are lean\nHow big should your emergency fund be?\nAn emergency fund (生活防衛資金) is cash you keep accessible for job loss, medical costs, or a sudden move. A common guide is 3–6 months of essential living expenses.\nFreelancers and single-income households often aim higher (6–12 months) because income is less predictable. Those with very stable employment and public health insurance may be comfortable nearer the lower end.\nKeep it in an ordinary savings account you can reach instantly — not invested. Its job is safety and speed, not growth.\nTarget 3–6 months of essential expenses\nFreelancers and single earners lean higher\nKeep it in cash you can access instantly\nAutomate it so it happens\nWillpower fails; systems don’t. Use an automatic transfer (自動積立) that moves money to savings on payday, before you can spend it. This is often called \"paying yourself first\".\nMany banks and brokerages let you schedule a fixed monthly transfer. Start with an amount that never hurts, then raise it whenever your income does.\nA simple budgeting app (家計簿アプリ) that links to your accounts turns tracking into a glance instead of a chore.\nAutomate a payday transfer — pay yourself first\nStart painless, then raise it with each raise\nA linked budgeting app makes tracking effortless","url":"/en/learn/courses/budgeting-and-saving"},{"id":"course:understanding-taxes:en","entityId":"course:understanding-taxes","entityType":"course","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Understanding Japanese taxes","plainText":"Income tax, resident tax, the year-end adjustment, and the deductions most people leave on the table.\nTell the difference between income tax and resident tax\nUnderstand when you must file a return yourself\nUse common deductions like furusato nozei and medical costs\nTwo taxes on your income\nIncome tax (所得税) is national and progressive — higher income is taxed at higher rates. It is withheld from salaries and reconciled at year end.\nResident tax (住民税) is local, roughly a flat 10% of taxable income, and — crucially — billed on the previous year’s income starting the following June. New arrivals often pay little in year one and much more in year two.\nBoth are calculated on your income after deductions, not on your gross pay. That is why deductions matter so much.\nIncome tax is national and progressive\nResident tax is ~10% and lags one year\nBoth are charged on income after deductions\nYear-end adjustment vs filing a return\nMost employees never file a tax return. Their employer runs a year-end adjustment (年末調整) that reconciles withheld tax against the year’s deductions.\nYou generally must file your own return (確定申告), due by mid-March, if you are a freelancer, have side income above the threshold, have two employers, or want deductions the year-end adjustment cannot handle.\nFiling is done online via e-Tax or on paper. Keep your 源泉徴収票 and receipts — they are the raw material for both the adjustment and any return.\nEmployees are usually settled by year-end adjustment\nFile your own return if freelance or with side income\nThe deadline is mid-March; e-Tax makes it online\nDeductions people forget\nFurusato nozei (ふるさと納税) lets you redirect part of your resident tax to regions of your choice and receive local gifts, for a flat ¥2,000 out-of-pocket. It needs either the simplified one-stop scheme or a tax return.\nThe medical expense deduction (医療費控除) applies when household medical costs exceed a threshold in a year. Insurance premiums, some housing loans, and dependents also generate deductions.\nThese are not loopholes — they are the system working as designed. Learning two or three that fit your life is often the highest-return hour in personal finance.\nFurusato nozei redirects resident tax for ¥2,000 net\nMedical costs above a threshold are deductible\nLearn two or three deductions that fit your life","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/courses/understanding-taxes","relationships":{"personas":["persona:fresh-grad","persona:born-in-japan","persona:thirties","persona:expat"]},"sources":[],"type":"course","cluster":"","text":"Income tax, resident tax, the year-end adjustment, and the deductions most people leave on the table.\nTell the difference between income tax and resident tax\nUnderstand when you must file a return yourself\nUse common deductions like furusato nozei and medical costs\nTwo taxes on your income\nIncome tax (所得税) is national and progressive — higher income is taxed at higher rates. It is withheld from salaries and reconciled at year end.\nResident tax (住民税) is local, roughly a flat 10% of taxable income, and — crucially — billed on the previous year’s income starting the following June. New arrivals often pay little in year one and much more in year two.\nBoth are calculated on your income after deductions, not on your gross pay. That is why deductions matter so much.\nIncome tax is national and progressive\nResident tax is ~10% and lags one year\nBoth are charged on income after deductions\nYear-end adjustment vs filing a return\nMost employees never file a tax return. Their employer runs a year-end adjustment (年末調整) that reconciles withheld tax against the year’s deductions.\nYou generally must file your own return (確定申告), due by mid-March, if you are a freelancer, have side income above the threshold, have two employers, or want deductions the year-end adjustment cannot handle.\nFiling is done online via e-Tax or on paper. Keep your 源泉徴収票 and receipts — they are the raw material for both the adjustment and any return.\nEmployees are usually settled by year-end adjustment\nFile your own return if freelance or with side income\nThe deadline is mid-March; e-Tax makes it online\nDeductions people forget\nFurusato nozei (ふるさと納税) lets you redirect part of your resident tax to regions of your choice and receive local gifts, for a flat ¥2,000 out-of-pocket. It needs either the simplified one-stop scheme or a tax return.\nThe medical expense deduction (医療費控除) applies when household medical costs exceed a threshold in a year. Insurance premiums, some housing loans, and dependents also generate deductions.\nThese are not loopholes — they are the system working as designed. Learning two or three that fit your life is often the highest-return hour in personal finance.\nFurusato nozei redirects resident tax for ¥2,000 net\nMedical costs above a threshold are deductible\nLearn two or three deductions that fit your life","url":"/en/learn/courses/understanding-taxes"},{"id":"course:credit-and-cards:en","entityId":"course:credit-and-cards","entityType":"course","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Credit and cards in Japan","plainText":"How credit history works here, how to get approved, and how to avoid the revolving-credit trap.\nUnderstand what a Japanese credit record (信用情報) tracks\nImprove your odds of card and loan approval\nAvoid the cost of revolving payments\nHow credit history works here\nJapan has credit bureaus (CIC, JICC) that record your cards, loans, and whether you pay on time. Unlike some countries, there is no single famous \"score\" you check obsessively — but a clean payment history quietly opens doors.\nNewcomers start with a thin file. Getting one accessible card and paying it in full every month is the standard way to build a record that later helps with better cards, phone contracts, and mortgages.\nMissed payments and defaults are recorded for years. A single forgotten bill on autopay is easy to avoid and expensive to repair.\nCIC/JICC record your cards, loans, and payment timing\nBuild history with one card paid in full monthly\nMissed payments linger for years — automate them\nGetting approved\nApproval weighs stability more than wealth: a steady employer, a consistent address, and time in Japan help. Frequent moves and very recent arrival can count against a first application.\nStart with cards known to be accessible to newcomers or with English support, rather than premium cards. A rejection is itself recorded, so apply where you are likely to succeed first.\nProvider-issued cards (from a bank, retailer, or carrier you already use) often approve more readily because they can see your existing relationship.\nStability beats income in approval decisions\nApply for accessible cards first — rejections record\nCards from providers you already use approve easier\nThe revolving-credit trap\nRevolving payment (リボ払い) spreads your balance into small monthly amounts — and charges high interest, often around 15% a year. It is frequently the default or heavily promoted with points.\nThe safe habit is to pay in full each month (一括払い). Check your card settings: some cards quietly enrol you in revolving or convert purchases automatically.\nInstallment (分割) and revolving are not the same as paying in full. If you only remember one rule, make it: pay the statement balance in full, every month.\nRevolving credit charges ~15% and is often the default\nCheck settings — some cards auto-enrol you\nOne rule: pay the full statement balance every month","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/courses/credit-and-cards","relationships":{"personas":["persona:new-to-japan","persona:fresh-grad","persona:international-student","persona:expat"]},"sources":[],"type":"course","cluster":"","text":"How credit history works here, how to get approved, and how to avoid the revolving-credit trap.\nUnderstand what a Japanese credit record (信用情報) tracks\nImprove your odds of card and loan approval\nAvoid the cost of revolving payments\nHow credit history works here\nJapan has credit bureaus (CIC, JICC) that record your cards, loans, and whether you pay on time. Unlike some countries, there is no single famous \"score\" you check obsessively — but a clean payment history quietly opens doors.\nNewcomers start with a thin file. Getting one accessible card and paying it in full every month is the standard way to build a record that later helps with better cards, phone contracts, and mortgages.\nMissed payments and defaults are recorded for years. A single forgotten bill on autopay is easy to avoid and expensive to repair.\nCIC/JICC record your cards, loans, and payment timing\nBuild history with one card paid in full monthly\nMissed payments linger for years — automate them\nGetting approved\nApproval weighs stability more than wealth: a steady employer, a consistent address, and time in Japan help. Frequent moves and very recent arrival can count against a first application.\nStart with cards known to be accessible to newcomers or with English support, rather than premium cards. A rejection is itself recorded, so apply where you are likely to succeed first.\nProvider-issued cards (from a bank, retailer, or carrier you already use) often approve more readily because they can see your existing relationship.\nStability beats income in approval decisions\nApply for accessible cards first — rejections record\nCards from providers you already use approve easier\nThe revolving-credit trap\nRevolving payment (リボ払い) spreads your balance into small monthly amounts — and charges high interest, often around 15% a year. It is frequently the default or heavily promoted with points.\nThe safe habit is to pay in full each month (一括払い). Check your card settings: some cards quietly enrol you in revolving or convert purchases automatically.\nInstallment (分割) and revolving are not the same as paying in full. If you only remember one rule, make it: pay the statement balance in full, every month.\nRevolving credit charges ~15% and is often the default\nCheck settings — some cards auto-enrol you\nOne rule: pay the full statement balance every month","url":"/en/learn/courses/credit-and-cards"},{"id":"course:nisa-foundations:en","entityId":"course:nisa-foundations","entityType":"course","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA foundations","plainText":"Japan’s tax-free investment account: what it is, how the 2024 system works, and how to begin.\nExplain what NISA is and why tax-free growth matters\nUnderstand the growth and tsumitate portions and limits\nChoose a first account and a sensible default fund type\nWhat NISA is and why it matters\nNormally, investment gains in Japan are taxed at about 20%. Inside a NISA account, eligible gains and dividends are tax-free. Over decades, keeping that 20% invested compounds into a meaningful difference.\nNISA is a wrapper, not an investment itself. You open a NISA account at a brokerage, then buy funds or stocks inside it. The tax break comes from where you hold the investment, not what you buy.\nThe 2024 \"new NISA\" made the system permanent, larger, and simpler than the older versions — which is why older guides can be misleading.\nNISA makes eligible gains and dividends tax-free\nIt is a wrapper — you still choose what to buy inside\nThe 2024 system is permanent, larger, and simpler\nThe two portions and the limits\nNew NISA has two portions used in the same year: the tsumitate portion (つみたて投資枠) for regular, low-cost fund investing, and the growth portion (成長投資枠) for a wider range including individual stocks.\nThere is an annual limit across both portions and a larger lifetime holding limit. When you sell, that lifetime room is restored the following year — a flexibility the old system lacked.\nFor most beginners, steady monthly investing into a broad, low-cost index fund inside the tsumitate portion is the sensible default. You do not need to use the full limit to benefit.\nTsumitate portion = regular low-cost funds; growth = wider\nAnnual and lifetime limits; sold room returns next year\nA broad index fund via tsumitate is a sensible default\nOpening an account and starting\nYou may hold a NISA account at only one provider per year, so the choice matters. Online brokerages such as Rakuten, SBI, and Monex are popular for low fees, fund range, and app usability.\nOpening requires your My Number and identity documents, plus a tax-office check that can take days. Once open, you set a monthly amount and a fund, and it runs automatically.\nResidency matters: NISA is for residents of Japan, and leaving the country affects the account. Learn the exit rules before you go if that is on your horizon.\nOne NISA provider per year — choose carefully\nNeeds My Number and a tax-office check (a few days)\nNISA is for residents; leaving Japan has rules","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/courses/nisa-foundations","relationships":{"personas":["persona:first-time-investor","persona:fresh-grad","persona:thirties","persona:expat","persona:born-in-japan"]},"sources":[],"type":"course","cluster":"","text":"Japan’s tax-free investment account: what it is, how the 2024 system works, and how to begin.\nExplain what NISA is and why tax-free growth matters\nUnderstand the growth and tsumitate portions and limits\nChoose a first account and a sensible default fund type\nWhat NISA is and why it matters\nNormally, investment gains in Japan are taxed at about 20%. Inside a NISA account, eligible gains and dividends are tax-free. Over decades, keeping that 20% invested compounds into a meaningful difference.\nNISA is a wrapper, not an investment itself. You open a NISA account at a brokerage, then buy funds or stocks inside it. The tax break comes from where you hold the investment, not what you buy.\nThe 2024 \"new NISA\" made the system permanent, larger, and simpler than the older versions — which is why older guides can be misleading.\nNISA makes eligible gains and dividends tax-free\nIt is a wrapper — you still choose what to buy inside\nThe 2024 system is permanent, larger, and simpler\nThe two portions and the limits\nNew NISA has two portions used in the same year: the tsumitate portion (つみたて投資枠) for regular, low-cost fund investing, and the growth portion (成長投資枠) for a wider range including individual stocks.\nThere is an annual limit across both portions and a larger lifetime holding limit. When you sell, that lifetime room is restored the following year — a flexibility the old system lacked.\nFor most beginners, steady monthly investing into a broad, low-cost index fund inside the tsumitate portion is the sensible default. You do not need to use the full limit to benefit.\nTsumitate portion = regular low-cost funds; growth = wider\nAnnual and lifetime limits; sold room returns next year\nA broad index fund via tsumitate is a sensible default\nOpening an account and starting\nYou may hold a NISA account at only one provider per year, so the choice matters. Online brokerages such as Rakuten, SBI, and Monex are popular for low fees, fund range, and app usability.\nOpening requires your My Number and identity documents, plus a tax-office check that can take days. Once open, you set a monthly amount and a fund, and it runs automatically.\nResidency matters: NISA is for residents of Japan, and leaving the country affects the account. Learn the exit rules before you go if that is on your horizon.\nOne NISA provider per year — choose carefully\nNeeds My Number and a tax-office check (a few days)\nNISA is for residents; leaving Japan has rules","url":"/en/learn/courses/nisa-foundations"},{"id":"course:first-time-investing:en","entityId":"course:first-time-investing","entityType":"course","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Investing 101 for beginners","plainText":"Risk, diversification, index funds, and compounding — the durable ideas behind sensible investing.\nUnderstand the risk–return trade-off honestly\nSee why low-cost, diversified index funds are a common default\nAppreciate time and compounding over timing the market\nRisk, return, and honesty\nHigher potential returns come with higher risk — the chance of loss, especially in the short term. Anyone promising high returns with no risk is describing a scam, not an investment.\nBecause markets fall as well as rise, money you might need within a few years generally does not belong in the market. That is what the emergency fund and short-term savings are for.\nYour honest time horizon and your tolerance for seeing balances drop are the two inputs that should shape how much risk you take.\nHigher returns require accepting higher risk\n\"High return, no risk\" is a scam signal\nMoney needed soon does not belong in the market\nDiversification and index funds\nDiversification means not betting everything on one company or country. A single stock can go to zero; a broad basket of hundreds or thousands is far steadier.\nAn index fund buys the whole basket at once, tracking a market rather than trying to beat it. Because it trades little and needs no star manager, its fees are very low — and fees are one of the few things you can control.\nA globally diversified, low-cost index fund is why so many beginner guides converge on the same boring answer. Boring, in investing, is a compliment.\nDiversification reduces the risk of any single bet\nIndex funds track a market cheaply instead of beating it\nLow fees are one of the few things you control\nTime beats timing\nCompounding means your returns earn returns. Given enough years, this curve does more work than picking the perfect entry point ever could.\nTrying to time the market — buying low, selling high on cue — is something even professionals rarely do reliably. Investing a fixed amount on a schedule (dollar-cost averaging, つみたて) sidesteps the guessing.\nThe beginner’s real edge is behavioural: start early, keep costs low, keep contributing, and avoid panic-selling when markets fall. Patience is the strategy.\nCompounding rewards time in the market\nScheduled investing (tsumitate) avoids timing guesses\nThe edge is behavioural: start early, stay calm","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/courses/first-time-investing","relationships":{"personas":["persona:first-time-investor","persona:fresh-grad","persona:thirties","persona:born-in-japan"]},"sources":[],"type":"course","cluster":"","text":"Risk, diversification, index funds, and compounding — the durable ideas behind sensible investing.\nUnderstand the risk–return trade-off honestly\nSee why low-cost, diversified index funds are a common default\nAppreciate time and compounding over timing the market\nRisk, return, and honesty\nHigher potential returns come with higher risk — the chance of loss, especially in the short term. Anyone promising high returns with no risk is describing a scam, not an investment.\nBecause markets fall as well as rise, money you might need within a few years generally does not belong in the market. That is what the emergency fund and short-term savings are for.\nYour honest time horizon and your tolerance for seeing balances drop are the two inputs that should shape how much risk you take.\nHigher returns require accepting higher risk\n\"High return, no risk\" is a scam signal\nMoney needed soon does not belong in the market\nDiversification and index funds\nDiversification means not betting everything on one company or country. A single stock can go to zero; a broad basket of hundreds or thousands is far steadier.\nAn index fund buys the whole basket at once, tracking a market rather than trying to beat it. Because it trades little and needs no star manager, its fees are very low — and fees are one of the few things you can control.\nA globally diversified, low-cost index fund is why so many beginner guides converge on the same boring answer. Boring, in investing, is a compliment.\nDiversification reduces the risk of any single bet\nIndex funds track a market cheaply instead of beating it\nLow fees are one of the few things you control\nTime beats timing\nCompounding means your returns earn returns. Given enough years, this curve does more work than picking the perfect entry point ever could.\nTrying to time the market — buying low, selling high on cue — is something even professionals rarely do reliably. Investing a fixed amount on a schedule (dollar-cost averaging, つみたて) sidesteps the guessing.\nThe beginner’s real edge is behavioural: start early, keep costs low, keep contributing, and avoid panic-selling when markets fall. Patience is the strategy.\nCompounding rewards time in the market\nScheduled investing (tsumitate) avoids timing guesses\nThe edge is behavioural: start early, stay calm","url":"/en/learn/courses/first-time-investing"},{"id":"course:cross-border-tax:en","entityId":"course:cross-border-tax","entityType":"course","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Cross-border and expat taxes","plainText":"Tax residency, double-taxation relief, US citizens, dual nationals, and Japan’s exit tax — mapped clearly.\nDetermine which country can tax which income\nUnderstand tax treaties and foreign tax credits at a high level\nKnow the special traps for US citizens and dual nationals\nTax residency decides almost everything\nJapan taxes you based on residency, not nationality. It sorts individuals into non-resident, non-permanent resident, and permanent resident (for tax) — a status based on how long and how you have lived here, separate from immigration permanent residence.\nBroadly, non-permanent residents are taxed on Japan-source income plus foreign income paid in or remitted to Japan, while permanent residents (for tax) are taxed on worldwide income. The first five years often matter a great deal.\nBecause two countries can each claim you, your residency status in each — and the tie-breaker rules in any tax treaty — is the first thing to establish before worrying about specific numbers.\nJapan taxes by residency, not nationality\nNon-permanent vs permanent (tax) status changes the scope\nEstablish residency in each country before the numbers\nAvoiding double taxation\nWhen two countries tax the same income, relief usually comes through a tax treaty and a foreign tax credit (外国税額控除): the tax paid in one country is credited against the tax owed in the other, so you are not fully taxed twice.\nTreaties also assign primary taxing rights for pensions, dividends, real estate, and employment income, and provide tie-breakers when both countries consider you resident. The details differ by country pair.\nRelief is rarely automatic. You typically must file and actively claim the credit or treaty position, with documentation of the foreign tax paid. This is the point where a cross-border tax professional earns their fee.\nForeign tax credits stop the same income being taxed twice\nTreaties assign taxing rights and break residency ties\nRelief must be claimed with documentation — not automatic\nUS citizens, dual nationals, and exit tax\nThe United States taxes its citizens on worldwide income wherever they live, so US citizens and green-card holders in Japan generally file in both countries and lean on the treaty, the foreign earned income exclusion, and foreign tax credits. Note that Japan’s NISA tax break is not recognised by the US, which can create reporting complexity.\nUS persons also face information reporting such as the FBAR (foreign bank accounts) and FATCA, with steep penalties for missing them even when no tax is due. Dual nationals should confirm the filing duties of every citizenship they hold, not just where they live.\nSeparately, Japan has an exit tax (国外転出時課税) that can tax unrealised gains on large financial holdings when certain long-term residents leave. If you hold significant investments and may depart, understand this well before you book the flight.\nUS citizens file worldwide regardless of where they live\nFBAR/FATCA reporting has penalties even with no tax due\nJapan’s exit tax can hit unrealised gains when you leave","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/courses/cross-border-tax","relationships":{"personas":["persona:dual-citizen","persona:expat","persona:new-to-japan"]},"sources":[],"type":"course","cluster":"","text":"Tax residency, double-taxation relief, US citizens, dual nationals, and Japan’s exit tax — mapped clearly.\nDetermine which country can tax which income\nUnderstand tax treaties and foreign tax credits at a high level\nKnow the special traps for US citizens and dual nationals\nTax residency decides almost everything\nJapan taxes you based on residency, not nationality. It sorts individuals into non-resident, non-permanent resident, and permanent resident (for tax) — a status based on how long and how you have lived here, separate from immigration permanent residence.\nBroadly, non-permanent residents are taxed on Japan-source income plus foreign income paid in or remitted to Japan, while permanent residents (for tax) are taxed on worldwide income. The first five years often matter a great deal.\nBecause two countries can each claim you, your residency status in each — and the tie-breaker rules in any tax treaty — is the first thing to establish before worrying about specific numbers.\nJapan taxes by residency, not nationality\nNon-permanent vs permanent (tax) status changes the scope\nEstablish residency in each country before the numbers\nAvoiding double taxation\nWhen two countries tax the same income, relief usually comes through a tax treaty and a foreign tax credit (外国税額控除): the tax paid in one country is credited against the tax owed in the other, so you are not fully taxed twice.\nTreaties also assign primary taxing rights for pensions, dividends, real estate, and employment income, and provide tie-breakers when both countries consider you resident. The details differ by country pair.\nRelief is rarely automatic. You typically must file and actively claim the credit or treaty position, with documentation of the foreign tax paid. This is the point where a cross-border tax professional earns their fee.\nForeign tax credits stop the same income being taxed twice\nTreaties assign taxing rights and break residency ties\nRelief must be claimed with documentation — not automatic\nUS citizens, dual nationals, and exit tax\nThe United States taxes its citizens on worldwide income wherever they live, so US citizens and green-card holders in Japan generally file in both countries and lean on the treaty, the foreign earned income exclusion, and foreign tax credits. Note that Japan’s NISA tax break is not recognised by the US, which can create reporting complexity.\nUS persons also face information reporting such as the FBAR (foreign bank accounts) and FATCA, with steep penalties for missing them even when no tax is due. Dual nationals should confirm the filing duties of every citizenship they hold, not just where they live.\nSeparately, Japan has an exit tax (国外転出時課税) that can tax unrealised gains on large financial holdings when certain long-term residents leave. If you hold significant investments and may depart, understand this well before you book the flight.\nUS citizens file worldwide regardless of where they live\nFBAR/FATCA reporting has penalties even with no tax due\nJapan’s exit tax can hit unrealised gains when you leave","url":"/en/learn/courses/cross-border-tax"},{"id":"course:going-freelance-japan:en","entityId":"course:going-freelance-japan","entityType":"course","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Going freelance in Japan","plainText":"From the opening notification to taxes, invoicing, pension, and the incorporation question — the money systems a self-employed person in Japan needs.\nRegister as a sole proprietor and choose the blue return with eyes open\nMap your four bills — income tax, resident tax, pension, health insurance — and reserve for them\nDecide the invoice-system and consumption-tax questions for your client base\nBill clients, understand withholding, and know when incorporation is worth it\nSetting up: opening notification and the blue return\nGoing independent usually starts with one free form: the notification of business opening (開業届), filed with your tax office, which registers you as a sole proprietor. File it within about a month of starting, and submit the blue-return application (青色申告承認申請書) at the same time — that single extra form unlocks a deduction of up to ¥650,000, loss carry-forward, and family-salary deductions, in exchange for keeping proper double-entry books.\nThe blue return is the highest-leverage early decision, but it has conditions: the ¥650,000 tier needs double-entry books plus e-filing (or qualifying electronic books); paper filing drops it to ¥550,000, and simple records to ¥100,000. Cloud accounting removes most of the bookkeeping burden, so for anyone with steady income, choosing blue and letting software keep the books is the straightforward win.\nFile the 開業届 and the 青色申告 application together\nThe ¥650,000 deduction needs double-entry books plus e-filing\nAccounting software makes blue-return bookkeeping manageable\nYour four bills and the tax reserve\nAlmost everything you owe flows from one number — business profit (revenue minus expenses) — then personal deductions reduce it to taxable income. On that you pay national income tax (progressive) and local resident tax (~10%). Alongside sit two social-insurance bills you now fund yourself: the National Pension (a flat monthly premium, ¥17,920/month for fiscal 2026) and National Health Insurance (income-based, set by your municipality).\nThe trap is timing. Resident tax and health-insurance premiums are based on last year’s income, so a strong year is followed by heavier bills — which blindsides many first-year freelancers. The defense is a tax reserve: move roughly 20–35% of each payment into a separate account as it arrives, higher as income grows. Confirm each year’s rates and deduction amounts, since recent reforms have moved the basic deduction and thresholds.\nTax is on profit after deductions, not revenue\nResident tax and health insurance lag your income by a year\nReserve ~20–35% of profit as payments arrive\nThe invoice system and consumption tax\nConsumption tax has a default and an override. By default you are an exempt business until taxable sales in the base period (two years earlier) exceed ¥10 million. The override is the invoice system: registering for a T-number makes you a taxable business even far below ¥10 million. So for most small freelancers the real question is not the threshold — it is whether to register at all.\nThat is a genuine trade-off keyed to your clients. If they are businesses that need qualified invoices to claim input credits, not registering can cost you work or push you to absorb tax — and the transitional credit for buyers from unregistered suppliers steps down from 80% to 50% in October 2026. If your clients are consumers or tax-exempt, registering may add cost for no benefit. Taxable businesses can soften the load with simplified taxation or the temporary 20% special measure, both date-sensitive and being revised — confirm your year with the NTA or a 税理士.\nExempt under ¥10M unless you register for the invoice system\nRegistration turns on your client base, not just sales\nSimplified and 20% measures soften cost but are date-sensitive\nGetting paid, pension gaps, and the incorporation question\nTwo more systems complete the picture. Getting paid: issue clear invoices (with your T-number if registered), and expect certain fees to individuals — writing, design, lectures — to arrive with about 10.21% withheld at source. That withholding is a prepayment of income tax, so credit it on your return or you effectively pay twice. Closing the pension gap: the self-employed have a thinner public pension, so deductible schemes — small-business mutual aid (up to ¥840,000/yr), iDeCo with the National Pension Fund (up to ¥816,000/yr combined), and the cheap extra pension — build your own safety net while cutting taxable income.\nFinally, the incorporation question. There is no magic number; you incorporate when stable, higher profit makes the corporate-tax advantage outweigh the added fixed costs and social-insurance duties, and usually when a non-tax reason also applies — hiring, raising money, or clients that will only bill a company. If you do incorporate, a godo-kaisha (GK) is cheaper and simpler than a kabushiki-kaisha (KK), and you can convert later. Model your own case with a tax accountant before deciding.\nWithheld tax is a prepayment — credit it on your return\nStack deductible schemes to build a self-employed safety net\nIncorporate on stable high profit plus a non-tax reason; a GK is the lean default","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/learn/courses/going-freelance-japan","relationships":{"personas":["persona:expat","persona:thirties","persona:fresh-grad"]},"sources":[],"type":"course","cluster":"","text":"From the opening notification to taxes, invoicing, pension, and the incorporation question — the money systems a self-employed person in Japan needs.\nRegister as a sole proprietor and choose the blue return with eyes open\nMap your four bills — income tax, resident tax, pension, health insurance — and reserve for them\nDecide the invoice-system and consumption-tax questions for your client base\nBill clients, understand withholding, and know when incorporation is worth it\nSetting up: opening notification and the blue return\nGoing independent usually starts with one free form: the notification of business opening (開業届), filed with your tax office, which registers you as a sole proprietor. File it within about a month of starting, and submit the blue-return application (青色申告承認申請書) at the same time — that single extra form unlocks a deduction of up to ¥650,000, loss carry-forward, and family-salary deductions, in exchange for keeping proper double-entry books.\nThe blue return is the highest-leverage early decision, but it has conditions: the ¥650,000 tier needs double-entry books plus e-filing (or qualifying electronic books); paper filing drops it to ¥550,000, and simple records to ¥100,000. Cloud accounting removes most of the bookkeeping burden, so for anyone with steady income, choosing blue and letting software keep the books is the straightforward win.\nFile the 開業届 and the 青色申告 application together\nThe ¥650,000 deduction needs double-entry books plus e-filing\nAccounting software makes blue-return bookkeeping manageable\nYour four bills and the tax reserve\nAlmost everything you owe flows from one number — business profit (revenue minus expenses) — then personal deductions reduce it to taxable income. On that you pay national income tax (progressive) and local resident tax (~10%). Alongside sit two social-insurance bills you now fund yourself: the National Pension (a flat monthly premium, ¥17,920/month for fiscal 2026) and National Health Insurance (income-based, set by your municipality).\nThe trap is timing. Resident tax and health-insurance premiums are based on last year’s income, so a strong year is followed by heavier bills — which blindsides many first-year freelancers. The defense is a tax reserve: move roughly 20–35% of each payment into a separate account as it arrives, higher as income grows. Confirm each year’s rates and deduction amounts, since recent reforms have moved the basic deduction and thresholds.\nTax is on profit after deductions, not revenue\nResident tax and health insurance lag your income by a year\nReserve ~20–35% of profit as payments arrive\nThe invoice system and consumption tax\nConsumption tax has a default and an override. By default you are an exempt business until taxable sales in the base period (two years earlier) exceed ¥10 million. The override is the invoice system: registering for a T-number makes you a taxable business even far below ¥10 million. So for most small freelancers the real question is not the threshold — it is whether to register at all.\nThat is a genuine trade-off keyed to your clients. If they are businesses that need qualified invoices to claim input credits, not registering can cost you work or push you to absorb tax — and the transitional credit for buyers from unregistered suppliers steps down from 80% to 50% in October 2026. If your clients are consumers or tax-exempt, registering may add cost for no benefit. Taxable businesses can soften the load with simplified taxation or the temporary 20% special measure, both date-sensitive and being revised — confirm your year with the NTA or a 税理士.\nExempt under ¥10M unless you register for the invoice system\nRegistration turns on your client base, not just sales\nSimplified and 20% measures soften cost but are date-sensitive\nGetting paid, pension gaps, and the incorporation question\nTwo more systems complete the picture. Getting paid: issue clear invoices (with your T-number if registered), and expect certain fees to individuals — writing, design, lectures — to arrive with about 10.21% withheld at source. That withholding is a prepayment of income tax, so credit it on your return or you effectively pay twice. Closing the pension gap: the self-employed have a thinner public pension, so deductible schemes — small-business mutual aid (up to ¥840,000/yr), iDeCo with the National Pension Fund (up to ¥816,000/yr combined), and the cheap extra pension — build your own safety net while cutting taxable income.\nFinally, the incorporation question. There is no magic number; you incorporate when stable, higher profit makes the corporate-tax advantage outweigh the added fixed costs and social-insurance duties, and usually when a non-tax reason also applies — hiring, raising money, or clients that will only bill a company. If you do incorporate, a godo-kaisha (GK) is cheaper and simpler than a kabushiki-kaisha (KK), and you can convert later. Model your own case with a tax accountant before deciding.\nWithheld tax is a prepayment — credit it on your return\nStack deductible schemes to build a self-employed safety net\nIncorporate on stable high profit plus a non-tax reason; a GK is the lean default","url":"/en/learn/courses/going-freelance-japan"},{"id":"roadmap:moving-to-japan:en","entityId":"roadmap:moving-to-japan","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Moving to Japan: before arrival through year one","plainText":"New residents who need an ordered setup plan without assuming one municipality or immigration status.\nBuild a document and payment bridge\nKeep originals plus secure copies, arrange temporary payment access, and list every account that will need a Japanese address or phone number.\nRegister your address\nTake your residence card to the responsible municipal counter and obtain a residence record if needed for later applications.\nConfirm health insurance and pension enrollment\nConfirm whether an employer enrolls you in employee schemes; otherwise ask the municipality about National Health Insurance and Japan Pension Service procedures.\nConnect utilities and essential communications\nRecord meter readings and contract holder names; choose a payment method that still works before direct debit is active.\nOpen a transaction account\nCompare identity, residence-period, language, cash-access, transfer, and employer payroll requirements; do not assume every provider accepts the same documents.\nSet payroll, bills, and a verified transfer route\nTest a small transfer, compare the total yen delivered rather than the headline fee, and retain receipts and source-of-funds records.\nAudit payroll, tax, insurance, and pension records\nMatch payslips to deposits and keep withholding and pension records. Confirm whether year-end adjustment completes your filing obligations.\nAssess NISA and brokerage eligibility\nTreat NISA as an account wrapper, not an investment recommendation. Check Japanese residence eligibility, provider onboarding, departure policy, fees, and cross-border reporting before funding.\nPrepare for prior-year resident tax\nResident tax generally follows prior-year income and the January 1 municipality. Compare the assessment notice with your prior-year records and confirm payroll withholding or payment slips.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/roadmaps/moving-to-japan","relationships":{"guides":["/insurance","/banking/opening-a-bank-account-in-japan","/remittance","/tax/do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","/investing/what-is-nisa","/tax/japan-tax-residency-explained"]},"sources":[],"type":"roadmap","cluster":"","text":"New residents who need an ordered setup plan without assuming one municipality or immigration status.\nBuild a document and payment bridge\nKeep originals plus secure copies, arrange temporary payment access, and list every account that will need a Japanese address or phone number.\nRegister your address\nTake your residence card to the responsible municipal counter and obtain a residence record if needed for later applications.\nConfirm health insurance and pension enrollment\nConfirm whether an employer enrolls you in employee schemes; otherwise ask the municipality about National Health Insurance and Japan Pension Service procedures.\nConnect utilities and essential communications\nRecord meter readings and contract holder names; choose a payment method that still works before direct debit is active.\nOpen a transaction account\nCompare identity, residence-period, language, cash-access, transfer, and employer payroll requirements; do not assume every provider accepts the same documents.\nSet payroll, bills, and a verified transfer route\nTest a small transfer, compare the total yen delivered rather than the headline fee, and retain receipts and source-of-funds records.\nAudit payroll, tax, insurance, and pension records\nMatch payslips to deposits and keep withholding and pension records. Confirm whether year-end adjustment completes your filing obligations.\nAssess NISA and brokerage eligibility\nTreat NISA as an account wrapper, not an investment recommendation. Check Japanese residence eligibility, provider onboarding, departure policy, fees, and cross-border reporting before funding.\nPrepare for prior-year resident tax\nResident tax generally follows prior-year income and the January 1 municipality. Compare the assessment notice with your prior-year records and confirm payroll withholding or payment slips.","url":"/en/roadmaps/moving-to-japan"},{"id":"roadmap:changing-jobs:en","entityId":"roadmap:changing-jobs","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Changing jobs in Japan","plainText":"Employees moving between employers, including a gap between jobs.\nCollect exit records and confirm final pay\nAsk when final salary, unused leave, resident tax, and the withholding slip will be handled; keep copies outside the employer account.\nPrevent health-insurance and pension gaps\nConfirm the old coverage end and new coverage start. If there is a gap, compare the applicable continuation and municipal/national procedures before their deadlines.\nTransfer payroll and tax documents\nGive the new employer the documents it requests and verify bank details, deductions, resident-tax collection, and year-end adjustment.\nUpdate employer-linked banking, cards, and brokerage records\nChange salary routing and employer details where relevant; do not close the old salary account until refunds and final debits settle.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/roadmaps/changing-jobs","relationships":{"guides":["/insurance","/tax/do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return"]},"sources":[],"type":"roadmap","cluster":"","text":"Employees moving between employers, including a gap between jobs.\nCollect exit records and confirm final pay\nAsk when final salary, unused leave, resident tax, and the withholding slip will be handled; keep copies outside the employer account.\nPrevent health-insurance and pension gaps\nConfirm the old coverage end and new coverage start. If there is a gap, compare the applicable continuation and municipal/national procedures before their deadlines.\nTransfer payroll and tax documents\nGive the new employer the documents it requests and verify bank details, deductions, resident-tax collection, and year-end adjustment.\nUpdate employer-linked banking, cards, and brokerage records\nChange salary routing and employer details where relevant; do not close the old salary account until refunds and final debits settle.","url":"/en/roadmaps/changing-jobs"},{"id":"roadmap:leaving-japan:en","entityId":"roadmap:leaving-japan","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Leaving Japan","plainText":"Residents planning a temporary or permanent financial departure.\nInventory obligations and choose a reachable address\nList tax, residence, housing, utilities, insurance, pension, banking, cards, brokerage, subscriptions, transfers, and records with their closure or retention rule.\nResolve national and resident tax administration\nConfirm final filing and payment obligations, the January 1 resident-tax position, remaining installments, employer collection, and whether a tax representative must be appointed.\nFile moving-out and end local coverage correctly\nTell the municipality you are moving overseas and ask how My Number card, National Health Insurance, local tax, and any household records are handled.\nClose housing, utilities, telecom, and recurring bills\nSchedule inspections and meter readings, provide a refund address/account, photograph condition, and retain final statements.\nObtain written bank, card, NISA, and brokerage instructions\nTell each provider the departure facts, stop automated investing, download statements and cost records, and follow its non-resident restriction, transfer, sale, or closure procedure.\nPreserve pension records before choosing a claim\nObtain your pension record and number. Check future entitlement, social-security agreement possibilities, and lump-sum withdrawal eligibility before applying.\nMove funds safely and retain an exit file\nTest the receiving account before the final transfer, keep enough yen for final debits and refunds, then export durable copies of all closing evidence.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/roadmaps/leaving-japan","relationships":{"guides":["/tax/japan-tax-residency-explained","/investing/what-is-nisa","/tax","/remittance/cheapest-way-to-send-money"]},"sources":[],"type":"roadmap","cluster":"","text":"Residents planning a temporary or permanent financial departure.\nInventory obligations and choose a reachable address\nList tax, residence, housing, utilities, insurance, pension, banking, cards, brokerage, subscriptions, transfers, and records with their closure or retention rule.\nResolve national and resident tax administration\nConfirm final filing and payment obligations, the January 1 resident-tax position, remaining installments, employer collection, and whether a tax representative must be appointed.\nFile moving-out and end local coverage correctly\nTell the municipality you are moving overseas and ask how My Number card, National Health Insurance, local tax, and any household records are handled.\nClose housing, utilities, telecom, and recurring bills\nSchedule inspections and meter readings, provide a refund address/account, photograph condition, and retain final statements.\nObtain written bank, card, NISA, and brokerage instructions\nTell each provider the departure facts, stop automated investing, download statements and cost records, and follow its non-resident restriction, transfer, sale, or closure procedure.\nPreserve pension records before choosing a claim\nObtain your pension record and number. Check future entitlement, social-security agreement possibilities, and lump-sum withdrawal eligibility before applying.\nMove funds safely and retain an exit file\nTest the receiving account before the final transfer, keep enough yen for final debits and refunds, then export durable copies of all closing evidence.","url":"/en/roadmaps/leaving-japan"},{"id":"roadmap:freelancer:en","entityId":"roadmap:freelancer","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Going freelance","plainText":"Residents moving from payroll employment to sole-proprietor work.\nConfirm permission, registration, records, and social coverage\nConfirm the work is permitted, then use the canonical freelancer guides to decide opening, blue-return, invoice, bookkeeping, tax-reserve, insurance, and pension actions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/roadmaps/freelancer","relationships":{"guides":["/freelancers/becoming-a-sole-proprietor"]},"sources":[],"type":"roadmap","cluster":"","text":"Residents moving from payroll employment to sole-proprietor work.\nConfirm permission, registration, records, and social coverage\nConfirm the work is permitted, then use the canonical freelancer guides to decide opening, blue-return, invoice, bookkeeping, tax-reserve, insurance, and pension actions.","url":"/en/roadmaps/freelancer"},{"id":"roadmap:start-investing:en","entityId":"roadmap:start-investing","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Start investing","plainText":"Residents considering tax-advantaged investing after their near-term finances are stable.\nConfirm eligibility before choosing an account or brokerage\nCompare NISA and iDeCo purpose, access, fees, investments, provider service, departure handling, and tax reporting; invest only after understanding loss risk.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/roadmaps/start-investing","relationships":{"guides":["/investing/what-is-nisa"]},"sources":[],"type":"roadmap","cluster":"","text":"Residents considering tax-advantaged investing after their near-term finances are stable.\nConfirm eligibility before choosing an account or brokerage\nCompare NISA and iDeCo purpose, access, fees, investments, provider service, departure handling, and tax reporting; invest only after understanding loss risk.","url":"/en/roadmaps/start-investing"},{"id":"roadmap:buying-a-home:en","entityId":"roadmap:buying-a-home","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Buying a home","plainText":"Residents assessing a first purchase and its financing.\nModel total cost and verify independent documents\nCompare renting with purchase, financing eligibility, taxes, insurance, repairs, resale, and contract exit terms before committing.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/roadmaps/buying-a-home","relationships":{"guides":["/loans/rent-vs-buy-japan"]},"sources":[],"type":"roadmap","cluster":"","text":"Residents assessing a first purchase and its financing.\nModel total cost and verify independent documents\nCompare renting with purchase, financing eligibility, taxes, insurance, repairs, resale, and contract exit terms before committing.","url":"/en/roadmaps/buying-a-home"},{"id":"tool:education-costs:en","entityId":"tool:education-costs","entityType":"tool","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Education Cost Planner","plainText":"Model education costs with editable growth and funding assumptions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tools/education-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:family"]},"sources":[],"type":"tool","cluster":"family","text":"Model education costs with editable growth and funding assumptions.","url":"/en/tools/education-costs"},{"id":"tool:mortgage-payment:en","entityId":"tool:mortgage-payment","entityType":"tool","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Mortgage Payment Calculator","plainText":"Estimate principal-and-interest payments with explicit assumptions and exclusions.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tools/mortgage-payment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"tool","cluster":"loans","text":"Estimate principal-and-interest payments with explicit assumptions and exclusions.","url":"/en/tools/mortgage-payment"},{"id":"tool:rent-vs-buy:en","entityId":"tool:rent-vs-buy","entityType":"tool","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Rent versus Buy Calculator","plainText":"Compare scenario costs without assuming property appreciation.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tools/rent-vs-buy","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"tool","cluster":"loans","text":"Compare scenario costs without assuming property appreciation.","url":"/en/tools/rent-vs-buy"},{"id":"tool:freelancer-tax-reserve:en","entityId":"tool:freelancer-tax-reserve","entityType":"tool","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Freelancer Tax-Reserve Planner","plainText":"Choose your own cash-buffer range from monthly revenue and expenses. This is not a tax estimate.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tools/freelancer-tax-reserve","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[],"type":"tool","cluster":"freelancers","text":"Choose your own cash-buffer range from monthly revenue and expenses. This is not a tax estimate.","url":"/en/tools/freelancer-tax-reserve"},{"id":"tool:money-plan:en","entityId":"tool:money-plan","entityType":"tool","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Money Plan","plainText":"Answer a few ranges and get a private 1/5/10-year roadmap with cash-flow, emergency-fund, allocation, and projection.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/plan","relationships":{"clusters":[]},"sources":[],"type":"tool","cluster":"","text":"Answer a few ranges and get a private 1/5/10-year roadmap with cash-flow, emergency-fund, allocation, and projection.","url":"/en/plan"},{"id":"tool:compound-interest:en","entityId":"tool:compound-interest","entityType":"tool","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Compound Interest Lab","plainText":"See how contributions, time, fees, and inflation shape a hypothetical portfolio — with the lessons behind the curve.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tools/compound-interest","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[],"type":"tool","cluster":"investing","text":"See how contributions, time, fees, and inflation shape a hypothetical portfolio — with the lessons behind the curve.","url":"/en/tools/compound-interest"},{"id":"tool:nisa-starter:en","entityId":"tool:nisa-starter","entityType":"tool","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"NISA Starter Planner","plainText":"Check whether you are ready, see multi-horizon projections, and get the documents and questions to bring to a brokerage.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tools/nisa","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[],"type":"tool","cluster":"investing","text":"Check whether you are ready, see multi-horizon projections, and get the documents and questions to bring to a brokerage.","url":"/en/tools/nisa"},{"id":"tool:budget-planner:en","entityId":"tool:budget-planner","entityType":"tool","locale":"en","status":"published","title":"Japan Budget Planner","plainText":"Build a Japan-specific monthly budget, see essential vs discretionary, your savings rate, and an emergency-fund target.","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/en/tools/budget","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:start"]},"sources":[],"type":"tool","cluster":"start","text":"Build a Japan-specific monthly budget, see essential vs discretionary, your savings rate, and an emergency-fund target.","url":"/en/tools/budget"},{"id":"cluster:banking:ja","entityId":"cluster:banking","entityType":"cluster","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"銀行","plainText":"自分に合う口座を開き、手数料を理解し、よくある問題を解決する。\n日本の銀行口座は日々のお金の中心です。給与の受け取り、家賃や公共料金の口座振替、そしてカード・証券・送金アプリと連携する口座になります。多くの場合、在留カードがあれば口座を開けます（マイナンバーや日本の電話番号・住所を求められることもあります）。\n従来のメガバンク（三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほ）は店舗網と知名度が強みです。一方でネット銀行（楽天銀行・ソニー銀行・住信SBI）はアプリ・手数料・ポイントや投資との連携で優れることが多いです。SMBC信託銀行プレスティアやソニー銀行は英語対応や外貨機能で知られています。\n実務的な疑問はほぼ共通です。必要書類は何か、アプリとサポートは英語で使えるか、ATM・振込手数料はいくらか、氏名（カタカナ）表記・住所変更・在留カード更新はどう扱うか。このセクションは、申し込む前にそうした点を調べるお手伝いをします。\n中心となる本人確認書類は在留カードです。マイナンバー・日本の電話番号・一定期間の在留を求める銀行もあります。\n手数料とアプリの使いやすさはネット銀行が有利なことが多く、店舗や法人取引が必要ならメガバンクが役立ちます。\n英語対応・外貨なら、まず調べたいのはSMBC信託銀行プレスティアとソニー銀行です。\nATM・振込手数料は差が大きく、多くのネット銀行は口座ランクに応じて月数回まで無料にします。\n口座名義は通常カタカナで登録します。カード・公共料金・勤務先で表記を統一しましょう。\n住所や在留資格が変わったら登録情報を更新し、口座の凍結・制限を避けましょう。\nワンタイムパスワードやアプリの承認コードを他人に伝えないでください。銀行が電話やメールで尋ねることはありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banking","relationships":{"guides":["guide:opening-a-bank-account-in-japan","guide:best-banks-for-foreigners-japan"],"faqs":["faq:bank-documents","faq:bank-english","faq:bank-online-vs-mega","faq:bank-frozen","faq:bank-no-job"],"products":["product:sony-bank","product:smbc-prestia","product:rakuten-bank","product:shinsei-bank","product:japan-post-bank"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本銀行","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true},{"publisher":"一般社団法人 全国銀行協会","url":"https://www.zenginkyo.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"出入国在留管理庁","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true}],"type":"cluster","cluster":"","text":"自分に合う口座を開き、手数料を理解し、よくある問題を解決する。\n日本の銀行口座は日々のお金の中心です。給与の受け取り、家賃や公共料金の口座振替、そしてカード・証券・送金アプリと連携する口座になります。多くの場合、在留カードがあれば口座を開けます（マイナンバーや日本の電話番号・住所を求められることもあります）。\n従来のメガバンク（三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほ）は店舗網と知名度が強みです。一方でネット銀行（楽天銀行・ソニー銀行・住信SBI）はアプリ・手数料・ポイントや投資との連携で優れることが多いです。SMBC信託銀行プレスティアやソニー銀行は英語対応や外貨機能で知られています。\n実務的な疑問はほぼ共通です。必要書類は何か、アプリとサポートは英語で使えるか、ATM・振込手数料はいくらか、氏名（カタカナ）表記・住所変更・在留カード更新はどう扱うか。このセクションは、申し込む前にそうした点を調べるお手伝いをします。\n中心となる本人確認書類は在留カードです。マイナンバー・日本の電話番号・一定期間の在留を求める銀行もあります。\n手数料とアプリの使いやすさはネット銀行が有利なことが多く、店舗や法人取引が必要ならメガバンクが役立ちます。\n英語対応・外貨なら、まず調べたいのはSMBC信託銀行プレスティアとソニー銀行です。\nATM・振込手数料は差が大きく、多くのネット銀行は口座ランクに応じて月数回まで無料にします。\n口座名義は通常カタカナで登録します。カード・公共料金・勤務先で表記を統一しましょう。\n住所や在留資格が変わったら登録情報を更新し、口座の凍結・制限を避けましょう。\nワンタイムパスワードやアプリの承認コードを他人に伝えないでください。銀行が電話やメールで尋ねることはありません。","url":"/ja/banking"},{"id":"cluster:credit-cards:ja","entityId":"cluster:credit-cards","entityType":"cluster","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"クレジットカード","plainText":"審査に通り、リボ払いの罠を避け、生活に合うポイントを貯める。\n日本のクレジットカードは、ネット通販・継続課金・旅行・国内の支払い履歴づくりに役立ちます。審査は主に安定した収入と在留状況で判断され、海外のクレジットスコアは引き継がれません。多くの人は、審査が通りやすくポイントも使いやすい楽天カードやエポスカードなど、買い物の経済圏に紐づくカードから始めます。\n最大の罠は「リボ払い」です。残高を長期に分割し、実質高金利がかかります。初期設定でオンになっていたり、申込時に勧められることもあります。毎月「一括払い」を選べば利息はかかりません。年会費・ポイント経済圏・英語対応も検討する価値があります。\n審査に落ちる場合、多くは勤続年数・収入証明・短期間の申し込みが多すぎることが理由で、国籍ではありません。時間を置く、通りやすい発行会社に申し込む、まず1枚で履歴を作る、などが次の一手です。\n海外のクレジットスコアは引き継がれません。日本の審査は収入の安定と在留状況を見ます。\n利息を避けるには「一括払い」。「リボ払い」は機能ではなく、オフにすべきものと考えましょう。\n経済圏カード（楽天・エポスなど）は、審査の通りやすさとポイントの使いやすさから最初の1枚に選ばれがちです。\nポイント経済圏は実際の支出先に合わせましょう。弱い経済圏を複数持つより、強い1つが有利です。\n年会費ありのカードは、旅行保険・ラウンジ・高還元で元を取れることも。特典を使う場合に限ります。\n審査落ちの多くは勤続年数や短期間の申込過多が理由で、国籍ではありません。\nリボ払いやキャッシングの繰り返しは実質金利が高くなります。申し込み前に支払い設定を必ず確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/credit-cards","relationships":{"guides":["guide:getting-a-credit-card-in-japan","guide:avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai"],"faqs":["faq:card-foreigner-approval","faq:card-rejected","faq:card-riborai","faq:card-first-card","faq:card-annual-fee"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card","product:amex-jp"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社日本信用情報機構","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"cluster","cluster":"","text":"審査に通り、リボ払いの罠を避け、生活に合うポイントを貯める。\n日本のクレジットカードは、ネット通販・継続課金・旅行・国内の支払い履歴づくりに役立ちます。審査は主に安定した収入と在留状況で判断され、海外のクレジットスコアは引き継がれません。多くの人は、審査が通りやすくポイントも使いやすい楽天カードやエポスカードなど、買い物の経済圏に紐づくカードから始めます。\n最大の罠は「リボ払い」です。残高を長期に分割し、実質高金利がかかります。初期設定でオンになっていたり、申込時に勧められることもあります。毎月「一括払い」を選べば利息はかかりません。年会費・ポイント経済圏・英語対応も検討する価値があります。\n審査に落ちる場合、多くは勤続年数・収入証明・短期間の申し込みが多すぎることが理由で、国籍ではありません。時間を置く、通りやすい発行会社に申し込む、まず1枚で履歴を作る、などが次の一手です。\n海外のクレジットスコアは引き継がれません。日本の審査は収入の安定と在留状況を見ます。\n利息を避けるには「一括払い」。「リボ払い」は機能ではなく、オフにすべきものと考えましょう。\n経済圏カード（楽天・エポスなど）は、審査の通りやすさとポイントの使いやすさから最初の1枚に選ばれがちです。\nポイント経済圏は実際の支出先に合わせましょう。弱い経済圏を複数持つより、強い1つが有利です。\n年会費ありのカードは、旅行保険・ラウンジ・高還元で元を取れることも。特典を使う場合に限ります。\n審査落ちの多くは勤続年数や短期間の申込過多が理由で、国籍ではありません。\nリボ払いやキャッシングの繰り返しは実質金利が高くなります。申し込み前に支払い設定を必ず確認してください。","url":"/ja/credit-cards"},{"id":"cluster:investing:ja","entityId":"cluster:investing","entityType":"cluster","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISA・投資","plainText":"NISAとiDeCoを理解し、証券会社を選び、買う前にリスクを学ぶ。\n多くの人は、まず税制優遇口座から始めます。NISAは運用益が非課税になる口座で、2024年の新制度から年間360万円（つみたて120万円＋成長投資240万円）、生涯1,800万円、非課税期間は無期限です。iDeCoは私的な確定拠出年金で、掛金は今の課税所得を減らせますが、原則60歳まで引き出せません。\nこれらは証券会社で開設します。低コストのインデックス投信・情報・ポイント連携では楽天証券とSBI証券が主流で、マネックス証券もよく選ばれます。口座内では、初心者は個別株よりも、幅広く低コストなインデックス投信（全世界株式やS&P500など）を調べることが多いです。\nクロスボーダーの注意点が2つ。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は日本の投資信託でPFIC報告の問題があり、専門家の助言が必要です。またNISAは居住者向けの制度で、出国時は原則として口座の停止・閉鎖が必要です。残高が大きくなる前に出国計画を立てましょう。\n新NISA（2024〜）：年360万円・生涯1,800万円、運用益は非課税で期限なし。最初に使う口座になりがちです。\niDeCoは今の課税所得を減らせますが、原則60歳まで引き出せません。掛金上限は年金の区分で変わります。\n低コストの標準的な証券会社は楽天証券とSBI証券。マネックス証券もよく使われます。\n初心者の多くは個別株より、幅広いインデックス投信（全世界株式・S&P500）を調べます。\n米国関係者：日本の投資信託はPFICに該当し、米国の報告負担が重い場合があります。先にクロスボーダー税務の助言を。\nNISAは居住者向け。日本を離れる前に口座の扱いを計画しましょう。\nこれは教育情報であり、特定銘柄の購入推奨ではありません。リターンは保証されず、損失の可能性があります。\n米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は、NISA開設や日本の投信購入の前に専門家の助言を受けてください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing","relationships":{"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:saving-vs-investing","guide:investment-risk-explained","guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:compound-growth","guide:lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:currency-risk-yen","guide:currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:nisa-dividends","guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse","guide:nisa-old-vs-current","guide:nisa-when-not-first","guide:nisa-common-mistakes","guide:brokerage-failure-protection","guide:investor-deposit-protection","guide:check-broker-license-and-scams","guide:investment-products-japan","guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks","guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:high-dividend-investing","guide:reits-japan","guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:japanese-government-bonds","guide:credit-card-investing","guide:robo-advisors-japan","guide:global-equity-funds","guide:us-equity-funds","guide:all-country-vs-sp500","guide:japan-equity-funds","guide:bond-funds","guide:balanced-funds","guide:esg-investing","guide:target-date-funds","guide:investing-for-beginners","guide:small-monthly-budget-investing","guide:investing-for-retirement","guide:high-income-investing","guide:global-investors-japan","guide:advised-investing-japan","guide:temporary-residents-investing","guide:specified-vs-general-accounts","guide:nisa-vs-taxable-account","guide:capital-gains-and-losses","guide:taxes-on-dividends","guide:foreign-investment-income-tax","guide:investment-records-and-statements","guide:cash-deposits-vs-bonds","guide:corporate-pensions-japan","guide:how-stock-and-fund-orders-work","guide:portfolio-rebalancing","guide:portfolio-maintenance","guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:brokerage-name-matching","guide:moving-abroad-with-investments","guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","guide:pfic-japanese-funds","guide:fbar-form-8938","guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokerage-fees-compared","guide:brokerage-account-requirements","guide:online-vs-full-service-brokers","guide:brokers-for-beginners","guide:brokers-english-support","guide:brokers-for-foreign-residents","guide:points-investing","guide:is-credit-card-investing-worth-it","guide:brokers-for-nisa","guide:brokers-for-mutual-funds","guide:brokers-for-us-stocks","guide:brokers-for-japanese-stocks","guide:brokers-for-small-investments","guide:brokers-for-active-traders","guide:sbi-vs-rakuten","guide:sbi-vs-monex","guide:rakuten-vs-monex","guide:ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers","guide:online-vs-major-traditional-brokers","guide:nisa-open-account","guide:nisa-choose-broker","guide:nisa-change-broker","guide:recurring-investment-allowance","guide:growth-investment-allowance","guide:nisa-for-foreign-residents","guide:nisa-for-dual-citizens","guide:investing-in-japan-complete-guide","guide:investing-methodology","guide:investing-data-updates"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan","faq:nisa-us-citizen","faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"type":"cluster","cluster":"","text":"NISAとiDeCoを理解し、証券会社を選び、買う前にリスクを学ぶ。\n多くの人は、まず税制優遇口座から始めます。NISAは運用益が非課税になる口座で、2024年の新制度から年間360万円（つみたて120万円＋成長投資240万円）、生涯1,800万円、非課税期間は無期限です。iDeCoは私的な確定拠出年金で、掛金は今の課税所得を減らせますが、原則60歳まで引き出せません。\nこれらは証券会社で開設します。低コストのインデックス投信・情報・ポイント連携では楽天証券とSBI証券が主流で、マネックス証券もよく選ばれます。口座内では、初心者は個別株よりも、幅広く低コストなインデックス投信（全世界株式やS&P500など）を調べることが多いです。\nクロスボーダーの注意点が2つ。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は日本の投資信託でPFIC報告の問題があり、専門家の助言が必要です。またNISAは居住者向けの制度で、出国時は原則として口座の停止・閉鎖が必要です。残高が大きくなる前に出国計画を立てましょう。\n新NISA（2024〜）：年360万円・生涯1,800万円、運用益は非課税で期限なし。最初に使う口座になりがちです。\niDeCoは今の課税所得を減らせますが、原則60歳まで引き出せません。掛金上限は年金の区分で変わります。\n低コストの標準的な証券会社は楽天証券とSBI証券。マネックス証券もよく使われます。\n初心者の多くは個別株より、幅広いインデックス投信（全世界株式・S&P500）を調べます。\n米国関係者：日本の投資信託はPFICに該当し、米国の報告負担が重い場合があります。先にクロスボーダー税務の助言を。\nNISAは居住者向け。日本を離れる前に口座の扱いを計画しましょう。\nこれは教育情報であり、特定銘柄の購入推奨ではありません。リターンは保証されず、損失の可能性があります。\n米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は、NISA開設や日本の投信購入の前に専門家の助言を受けてください。","url":"/ja/investing"},{"id":"cluster:tax:ja","entityId":"cluster:tax","entityType":"cluster","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"税金","plainText":"居住者区分・所得税・住民税・控除・クロスボーダー申告。\n日本の課税は居住者区分（非居住者・非永住者・永住者、いずれも税務上の区分で在留資格とは別）に基づきます。これにより、日本源泉所得だけか全世界所得かが決まります。多くの会社員は源泉徴収と年末調整で完結し確定申告は不要ですが、副収入・2か所給与・多額の医療費・投資所得などがあると確定申告が必要になります。\n税金は2本立てです。国の所得税（累進）と、地方の住民税（およそ10%）で、住民税は所得が発生した翌年に請求されます。来日者は2年目に住民税の請求で驚くことが多く、出国者は出国後に住民税が発生することもあります。\n税を軽くする仕組みもあります。ふるさと納税は住民税の一部を自治体への寄付に置き換えられ、医療費・扶養・保険・iDeCoなどの控除もあります。申告はe-Taxまたは税務署で、原則2月16日〜3月15日です。暗号資産・国外財産・日米の重複がある場合は専門家の助言が有効です。\n税務上の居住者区分（非居住者・非永住者・永住者）で、日本が課税できる所得の範囲が決まります。\n多くの会社員は年末調整で完結しますが、副収入や投資益があると確定申告が必要になることがあります。\n住民税（約10%）は稼いだ翌年に請求されます。2年目の請求と出国時の請求に備えましょう。\nふるさと納税は、住民税の一部を自治体への寄付に置き換えて返礼品を受け取れます（自己負担2,000円）。\n申告期間は原則2月16日〜3月15日。e-Taxか税務署で行い、控除には書類が必要です。\n暗号資産は雑所得として累進税率で課税され、株式のような分離課税ではありません。\n税務は個々に異なります。これは一般的な教育情報です。国際・暗号資産・事業の税務は税理士にご相談ください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax","relationships":{"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan","guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule","guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund","guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","guide:japan-tax-return-deadlines","guide:japan-tax-calendar","guide:how-to-use-e-tax","guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan","guide:how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan","guide:mistake-on-your-tax-return","guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan","guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes","guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices","guide:japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","guide:national-vs-municipal-tax-problems","guide:employee-taxes-in-japan","guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","guide:year-end-adjustment-guide","guide:taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job","guide:taxes-on-employee-side-income","guide:remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan","guide:severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","guide:why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes","guide:japan-basic-deduction","guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","guide:dependent-deduction-in-japan","guide:medical-expense-deduction","guide:self-medication-tax-deduction","guide:mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan","guide:insurance-and-pension-premium-deductions","guide:ideco-tax-deduction","guide:small-business-mutual-aid-tax-deduction","guide:furusato-nozei-explained","guide:furusato-nozei-one-stop-vs-tax-return","guide:freelancer-taxes-in-japan","guide:individual-enterprise-tax","guide:home-office-expenses","guide:equipment-and-depreciation","guide:paying-family-members-from-a-business","guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","guide:japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold","guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax","guide:the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","guide:consumption-tax-for-landlords-and-property-owners","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan","guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","guide:how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses","guide:how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance","guide:taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages","guide:pension-income-tax","guide:retirement-income-tax","guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing","guide:property-taxes-in-japan","guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:deductible-rental-property-expenses","guide:rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements","guide:rental-property-depreciation","guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","guide:taxes-when-selling-proper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負担2,000円）。\n申告期間は原則2月16日〜3月15日。e-Taxか税務署で行い、控除には書類が必要です。\n暗号資産は雑所得として累進税率で課税され、株式のような分離課税ではありません。\n税務は個々に異なります。これは一般的な教育情報です。国際・暗号資産・事業の税務は税理士にご相談ください。","url":"/ja/tax"},{"id":"cluster:freelancers:ja","entityId":"cluster:freelancers","entityType":"cluster","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランス・事業","plainText":"個人事業の開業・青色申告・インボイス制度・帳簿づけ。\n日本で独立すると、多くは税務署に開業届を出して個人事業主になります（無料でほぼ形式的な手続き）。同時に青色申告承認申請を出すと、最大65万円の控除や損失の繰越が使える一方、複式簿記による帳簿づけが必要になります。\n帳簿づけはクラウド会計が力を発揮する場面です。freeeやマネーフォワード クラウドは銀行・カードと連携して取引を自動仕訳し、青色申告書類やe-Taxデータを作成します。弥生は老舗の選択肢です。税金は自分で備えます。所得税・住民税・国民健康保険・国民年金はすべて自分のキャッシュフローから支払うため、多くの人は利益の20〜35%を積み立てます。\nインボイス制度（2023年10月〜）は小規模事業者に影響します。取引先が消費税の仕入税額控除を受けたい場合、登録番号（Tから始まる番号）の取得を求められることがあり、登録すると消費税の課税事業者になります。登録するかどうかは実際にトレードオフがあります。このセクションは、決める前に論点を整理します。\n開業届で個人事業主になり、同時に青色申告承認申請を出すと控除が使えます。\n青色申告は最大65万円の控除が可能ですが、複式簿記と電子申告が必要です。\nfreeeとマネーフォワード クラウドは帳簿と青色申告書類を自動化。弥生は老舗の選択肢です。\n所得税・住民税・年金・健康保険は自分で支払います。多くの人は利益の20〜35%を積み立てます。\nインボイス制度（登録番号）は、取引先があなたの請求書で仕入税額控除を受けられるかに影響します。\nインボイス登録は消費税の課税事業者になることを意味します。取引先の状況と照らして判断しましょう。\n期限やインボイスの規定は重要です。売上や取引先が増えたら税理士への相談が有効です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers","relationships":{"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan","guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","guide:consumption-tax-freelancers-japan","guide:invoice-system-explained","guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","guide:pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan","guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","guide:side-business-tax-japan","guide:getting-paid-invoicing-japan","guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan","guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","guide:types-of-company-japan","guide:hiring-family-outsourcing-japan","guide:subsidies-grants-small-business-japan","guide:business-visa-japan"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-open","faq:freelance-what-taxes","faq:freelance-blue-return","faq:freelance-consumption-tax-when","faq:freelance-invoice","faq:freelance-reserve","faq:freelance-withholding","faq:freelance-which-software","faq:freelance-health-insurance","faq:freelance-retirement-toolkit","faq:freelance-side-business","faq:freelance-incorporate-when","faq:freelance-kk-vs-gk","faq:freelance-family-salary","faq:freelance-subsidies","faq:freelance-visa"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi","product:makeleaps","product:misoca","product:board","product:freenance","product:freee-kaisha-setup","product:mf-kaisha-setup","product:zeirishi-dot-com","product:square-japan","product:stripe-japan","product:gmo-aozora-business","product:wise-business"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"法務省・法務局","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/houjintouki.html","official":true},{"publisher":"独立行政法人 中小企業基盤整備機構","url":"https://www.smrj.go.jp/kyosai/skyosai/","official":true},{"publisher":"日本年金機構","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/kokunen/hokenryo/hokenryo.html","official":true}],"type":"cluster","cluster":"","text":"個人事業の開業・青色申告・インボイス制度・帳簿づけ。\n日本で独立すると、多くは税務署に開業届を出して個人事業主になります（無料でほぼ形式的な手続き）。同時に青色申告承認申請を出すと、最大65万円の控除や損失の繰越が使える一方、複式簿記による帳簿づけが必要になります。\n帳簿づけはクラウド会計が力を発揮する場面です。freeeやマネーフォワード クラウドは銀行・カードと連携して取引を自動仕訳し、青色申告書類やe-Taxデータを作成します。弥生は老舗の選択肢です。税金は自分で備えます。所得税・住民税・国民健康保険・国民年金はすべて自分のキャッシュフローから支払うため、多くの人は利益の20〜35%を積み立てます。\nインボイス制度（2023年10月〜）は小規模事業者に影響します。取引先が消費税の仕入税額控除を受けたい場合、登録番号（Tから始まる番号）の取得を求められることがあり、登録すると消費税の課税事業者になります。登録するかどうかは実際にトレードオフがあります。このセクションは、決める前に論点を整理します。\n開業届で個人事業主になり、同時に青色申告承認申請を出すと控除が使えます。\n青色申告は最大65万円の控除が可能ですが、複式簿記と電子申告が必要です。\nfreeeとマネーフォワード クラウドは帳簿と青色申告書類を自動化。弥生は老舗の選択肢です。\n所得税・住民税・年金・健康保険は自分で支払います。多くの人は利益の20〜35%を積み立てます。\nインボイス制度（登録番号）は、取引先があなたの請求書で仕入税額控除を受けられるかに影響します。\nインボイス登録は消費税の課税事業者になることを意味します。取引先の状況と照らして判断しましょう。\n期限やインボイスの規定は重要です。売上や取引先が増えたら税理士への相談が有効です。","url":"/ja/freelancers"},{"id":"cluster:insurance:ja","entityId":"cluster:insurance","entityType":"cluster","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保険","plainText":"公的保険でカバーされる範囲と、民間保険が必要な場面。\n日本の公的制度は非常に手厚く、これを理解すると保険の買いすぎを防げます。全員が健康保険（会社員の健康保険か国民健康保険）に加入し、多くの医療費の自己負担は約3割。さらに高額療養費制度が、所得に応じて月あたりの自己負担に上限を設けます。公的年金も老後だけでなく、障害・遺族の保障を含みます。\n公的保障が広いため、大きく宣伝される民間保険の多くは任意です。正直に問うべきは、公的保障の後に残る不足は何か、自分で賄えない損失はどれほど大きいか、保険料に見合うか、です。扶養家族のための定期生命保険や、個人賠償責任保険（多くの県で自転車保険が義務化され、安く付帯できることが多い）は、比較的わかりやすく有効です。\n理解しておきたい種類には、医療・がん・生命（定期と終身）・就業不能・火災と地震（地震は火災保険の特約）・自動車・旅行があります。ここでの誠実な記事は、免責・デメリット・代替手段・そして追加保険が不要な場合も必ず扱うべきです。\n公的健康保険で多くの自己負担は約3割、高額療養費で月の自己負担に所得別の上限があります。\n公的年金には障害・遺族保障も含まれます。民間保険の前に考慮しましょう。\n保険は自分で賄えない損失（扶養家族・賠償）に。予算内で賄える小さな費用には不要です。\n地震保険は火災保険の特約で、補償は建物評価額の一定割合に制限されることが多いです。\n個人賠償責任保険は安く重要性も増しています。多くの県で自転車保険が義務化されています。\n誠実な比較では、免責・代替手段・追加保険が不要な場合を必ず示すべきです。\n保険の必要性は人によって異なります。まず公的保障を確認し、実際に守る損失に照らして各商品を評価しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance","relationships":{"guides":["guide:how-insurance-works-japan","guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan","guide:how-to-read-a-policy-japan","guide:insurance-premiums-explained-japan","guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan","guide:insurance-riders-explained-japan","guide:underwriting-and-disclosure-japan","guide:term-renewable-whole-life-basics-japan","guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan","guide:how-insurance-claims-work-japan","guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","guide:reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan","guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan","guide:public-protection-map-japan","guide:health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit","guide:employees-vs-national-health-insurance-japan","guide:employee-social-insurance-benefits","guide:what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan","guide:pension-disability-survivor-benefits","guide:employment-insurance-and-workers-comp","guide:long-term-care-insurance-japan","guide:pension-for-foreign-residents-japan","guide:leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","guide:term-life-insurance-japan","guide:whole-life-insurance-japan","guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan","guide:private-medical-insurance-japan","guide:cancer-insurance-japan","guide:critical-illness-insurance-japan","guide:relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","guide:income-protection-japan","guide:savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan","guide:auto-insurance-japan","guide:car-insurance-coverage-builder-japan","guide:bicycle-insurance-japan","guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan","guide:home-earthquake-insurance-japan","guide:fire-insurance-japan","guide:earthquake-insurance-japan","guide:renter-insurance-japan","guide:travel-insurance-japan","guide:credit-card-travel-insurance-japan","guide:pet-insurance-japan","guide:device-insurance-japan","guide:freelancer-insurance-japan","guide:small-business-insurance-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan","guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan","guide:fire-vs-earthquake-japan","guide:travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan","guide:savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","guide:direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan","guide:mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan","guide:pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan","guide:insurance-single-employee-20s-japan","guide:insurance-family-with-children-japan","guide:insurance-homeowners-japan","guide:insurance-renters-japan","guide:insurance-freelancers-japan","guide:insurance-retirees-japan","guide:insurance-foreign-residents-japan","guide:insurance-pet-owners-japan","guide:insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan","guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan","guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan","guide:insurance-complaints-adr-japan","guide:annual-insurance-review-japan"],"faqs":["faq:insurance-public-enough","faq:insurance-high-cost","faq:insurance-life-needed","faq:insurance-earthquake","faq:insurance-foreigner","faq:insurance-copay-share","faq:insurance-cancer-waiting","faq:insurance-term-vs-whole","faq:insurance-cali-enough","faq:insurance-bicycle-mandatory","faq:insurance-card-travel","faq:insurance-pet-preexisting","faq:insurance-cancel-timing","faq:insurance-cooling-off","faq:insurance-leave-japan"],"products":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本年金機構","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/koyou/koyouhoken/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"財務省","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/policy/financial_system/earthquake_insurance/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"国土交通省","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jidosha/anzen/04relief/jibai/insurance.html","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/hoken/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/about/soudan/","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyo.html","official":true},{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/hukushi_kaigo/kaigo_koureisha/index.html","official":true}],"type":"cluster","cluster":"","text":"公的保険でカバーされる範囲と、民間保険が必要な場面。\n日本の公的制度は非常に手厚く、これを理解すると保険の買いすぎを防げます。全員が健康保険（会社員の健康保険か国民健康保険）に加入し、多くの医療費の自己負担は約3割。さらに高額療養費制度が、所得に応じて月あたりの自己負担に上限を設けます。公的年金も老後だけでなく、障害・遺族の保障を含みます。\n公的保障が広いため、大きく宣伝される民間保険の多くは任意です。正直に問うべきは、公的保障の後に残る不足は何か、自分で賄えない損失はどれほど大きいか、保険料に見合うか、です。扶養家族のための定期生命保険や、個人賠償責任保険（多くの県で自転車保険が義務化され、安く付帯できることが多い）は、比較的わかりやすく有効です。\n理解しておきたい種類には、医療・がん・生命（定期と終身）・就業不能・火災と地震（地震は火災保険の特約）・自動車・旅行があります。ここでの誠実な記事は、免責・デメリット・代替手段・そして追加保険が不要な場合も必ず扱うべきです。\n公的健康保険で多くの自己負担は約3割、高額療養費で月の自己負担に所得別の上限があります。\n公的年金には障害・遺族保障も含まれます。民間保険の前に考慮しましょう。\n保険は自分で賄えない損失（扶養家族・賠償）に。予算内で賄える小さな費用には不要です。\n地震保険は火災保険の特約で、補償は建物評価額の一定割合に制限されることが多いです。\n個人賠償責任保険は安く重要性も増しています。多くの県で自転車保険が義務化されています。\n誠実な比較では、免責・代替手段・追加保険が不要な場合を必ず示すべきです。\n保険の必要性は人によって異なります。まず公的保障を確認し、実際に守る損失に照らして各商品を評価しましょう。","url":"/ja/insurance"},{"id":"cluster:loans:ja","entityId":"cluster:loans","entityType":"cluster","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ローン・住宅ローン・不動産","plainText":"住宅ローンの審査・固定と変動・諸費用・賃貸か購入か。\n日本の住宅ローンは世界的に見れば低金利ですが、多くの外国人居住者にとっては審査が壁です。銀行は安定した雇用・収入・在留期間、そして特に永住権を重視します。永住権がないと、断る銀行、頭金を多く求める銀行、保証人を求める銀行があります。フラット35（住宅金融支援機構）は基準が明確で永住権を必ずしも求めないため、よく使われる選択肢です。\n中心となる選択は固定か変動かです。変動金利は非常に低い水準が続きましたが上昇し得ます。固定（フラット35を含む）は今のコストは高めでも将来の安心が得られます。金利以外に、物件価格のおよそ6〜10%の諸費用（登記・仲介手数料・ローン保証・税金・火災保険）も見込みましょう。見落としがちです。\n日本の賃貸か購入かは、金銭面だけの話ではありません。特に古い木造住宅は値上がりより減価する物件が多く、売却のしやすさも立地で異なります。このセクションは購入をあおるのではなく、審査・総コスト・リスク（金利・売却・維持・自然災害）を整理します。\n永住権は住宅ローン審査に大きく影響します。ない場合は条件が厳しくなるか、頭金が多く必要になりがちです。\nフラット35（住宅金融支援機構）は基準が明確な固定金利で、永住権を必ずしも求めない一般的な選択肢です。\n固定か変動かが中心のトレードオフ。今の安心と高コストか、低コストと金利リスクか。\n頭金に加えて、価格の6〜10%の諸費用を見込みましょう。\n日本の多くの物件は減価します。住まいをまず居住、次に投資と考えましょう。\n申込前に信用情報（CIC・JICC）を確認しましょう。最近の延滞は審査に響きます。\n住宅ローンは大きく長期の約束です。金利上昇と売却リスクを試算し、独立した助言を受けてから購入しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans","relationships":{"guides":["guide:buying-property-japan","guide:mortgages-japan","guide:borrowing-guide","guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:property-investment-japan","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:rent-vs-buy-japan-guide","guide:property-buying-checklist","guide:mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","guide:rent-vs-buy-japan"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","faq:loan-closing-costs","faq:loan-rent-vs-buy","faq:loan-credit-record","faq:loan-buy-foreigner","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-what-flat35","faq:loan-variable-risky"],"products":["product:flat-35"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"国土交通省","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_tk5_000085.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"type":"cluster","cluster":"","text":"住宅ローンの審査・固定と変動・諸費用・賃貸か購入か。\n日本の住宅ローンは世界的に見れば低金利ですが、多くの外国人居住者にとっては審査が壁です。銀行は安定した雇用・収入・在留期間、そして特に永住権を重視します。永住権がないと、断る銀行、頭金を多く求める銀行、保証人を求める銀行があります。フラット35（住宅金融支援機構）は基準が明確で永住権を必ずしも求めないため、よく使われる選択肢です。\n中心となる選択は固定か変動かです。変動金利は非常に低い水準が続きましたが上昇し得ます。固定（フラット35を含む）は今のコストは高めでも将来の安心が得られます。金利以外に、物件価格のおよそ6〜10%の諸費用（登記・仲介手数料・ローン保証・税金・火災保険）も見込みましょう。見落としがちです。\n日本の賃貸か購入かは、金銭面だけの話ではありません。特に古い木造住宅は値上がりより減価する物件が多く、売却のしやすさも立地で異なります。このセクションは購入をあおるのではなく、審査・総コスト・リスク（金利・売却・維持・自然災害）を整理します。\n永住権は住宅ローン審査に大きく影響します。ない場合は条件が厳しくなるか、頭金が多く必要になりがちです。\nフラット35（住宅金融支援機構）は基準が明確な固定金利で、永住権を必ずしも求めない一般的な選択肢です。\n固定か変動かが中心のトレードオフ。今の安心と高コストか、低コストと金利リスクか。\n頭金に加えて、価格の6〜10%の諸費用を見込みましょう。\n日本の多くの物件は減価します。住まいをまず居住、次に投資と考えましょう。\n申込前に信用情報（CIC・JICC）を確認しましょう。最近の延滞は審査に響きます。\n住宅ローンは大きく長期の約束です。金利上昇と売却リスクを試算し、独立した助言を受けてから購入しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans"},{"id":"cluster:remittance:ja","entityId":"cluster:remittance","entityType":"cluster","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外送金","plainText":"送金の受け取り・送金、隠れた為替マージンの削減、海外所得の扱い。\n国をまたぐ送金は手数料が隠れやすい場面です。表示される送金手数料はしばしば小さい方で、より大きいのは、提供される為替レートと仲値（ミッドマーケットレート）との差に含まれる為替マージンです。従来の銀行送金では、SWIFTや中継銀行の手数料が事前に見えにくい形で加わることもあります。\n個人送金では専門サービスが銀行より有利なことが多いです。Wiseは仲値と明示的な手数料を表示し、Revolutは手数料枠つきのマルチカレンシー口座を提供します。大口や定期の送金では、宣伝される手数料ではなく、最終的に受け取る金額（総額）で比較するのが唯一確実な方法です。\nクロスボーダーには税務・報告の論点もあります。海外所得は居住者区分により課税され得ますし、日本では一定額を超えると国外財産調書の提出が必要です。このセクションは、真の送金コストの比較と、クロスボーダー税務の助言が必要な場面の見極めを助けます。\n為替マージンは、見える送金手数料より高くつくことが多いです。仲値と比較しましょう。\nコストは宣伝される手数料でなく、最終的な受取額で判断しましょう。特に大口で重要です。\n個人送金では、Wise（仲値）やRevolut（マルチカレンシー）が銀行送金より有利なことが多いです。\n銀行送金は、事前に見えにくいSWIFTや中継銀行の手数料が加わることがあります。\n海外所得は居住者区分により日本で課税され得ます。非課税と決めつけず確認しましょう。\n国外財産が基準額を超えると、日本では国外財産調書の提出が必要です。\n大口や事業の送金は報告・税務の論点を伴うことがあります。送る前に規定を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance","relationships":{"guides":["guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money","guide:receiving-money-from-abroad"],"faqs":["faq:remit-cheapest","faq:remit-hidden-fees","faq:remit-large-transfer","faq:remit-overseas-income","faq:remit-multicurrency"],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本銀行","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"cluster","cluster":"","text":"送金の受け取り・送金、隠れた為替マージンの削減、海外所得の扱い。\n国をまたぐ送金は手数料が隠れやすい場面です。表示される送金手数料はしばしば小さい方で、より大きいのは、提供される為替レートと仲値（ミッドマーケットレート）との差に含まれる為替マージンです。従来の銀行送金では、SWIFTや中継銀行の手数料が事前に見えにくい形で加わることもあります。\n個人送金では専門サービスが銀行より有利なことが多いです。Wiseは仲値と明示的な手数料を表示し、Revolutは手数料枠つきのマルチカレンシー口座を提供します。大口や定期の送金では、宣伝される手数料ではなく、最終的に受け取る金額（総額）で比較するのが唯一確実な方法です。\nクロスボーダーには税務・報告の論点もあります。海外所得は居住者区分により課税され得ますし、日本では一定額を超えると国外財産調書の提出が必要です。このセクションは、真の送金コストの比較と、クロスボーダー税務の助言が必要な場面の見極めを助けます。\n為替マージンは、見える送金手数料より高くつくことが多いです。仲値と比較しましょう。\nコストは宣伝される手数料でなく、最終的な受取額で判断しましょう。特に大口で重要です。\n個人送金では、Wise（仲値）やRevolut（マルチカレンシー）が銀行送金より有利なことが多いです。\n銀行送金は、事前に見えにくいSWIFTや中継銀行の手数料が加わることがあります。\n海外所得は居住者区分により日本で課税され得ます。非課税と決めつけず確認しましょう。\n国外財産が基準額を超えると、日本では国外財産調書の提出が必要です。\n大口や事業の送金は報告・税務の論点を伴うことがあります。送る前に規定を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/remittance"},{"id":"cluster:points:ja","entityId":"cluster:points","entityType":"cluster","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイント・特典","plainText":"経済圏を1つ選び、ポイントの価値を理解し、無駄追いを避ける。\n日本はポイント経済圏で回っています。楽天、PayPay、dポイント（ドコモ）、Vポイント（SMBC）などが、カード・電子マネー・買い物・携帯プランを結びつけています。勝ち筋は「全部集める」ことではなく、すでに買い物・携帯・銀行で使っている経済圏の1つに集中することです。\n多くのポイントは1ポイント約1円ですが、価値は使い道で変わります。期限切れになるポイントや、特定の店でしか使えないポイントは、見た目より価値が下がります。コンビニやコード決済（PayPay・楽天ペイ）は日常の支出が最も早く貯まる層で、マイルは旅行が多い別の生活パターンに向きます。\n誠実な見方はこうです。ポイントは、どのみち行う支出に対するささやかで非課税の割引であって、余計に使う理由ではありません。このセクションは、生活スタイル別に経済圏を比較し、期限と価値評価を説明し、労力に見合わないキャンペーン追いの罠を避ける手助けをします。\n銀行・カード・携帯に合う1つの経済圏に集中しましょう。弱い経済圏を複数持たないこと。\n多くのポイントは約1円ですが、期限や店舗限定の使い道で実質価値は下がります。\nPayPayや楽天ペイは、コンビニや小規模店の日常支出が最も早く貯まります。\nマイルは旅行が多い人向けで、誰にとっても有利とは限りません。\nポイントはどのみち行う支出の割引であり、余計に使う理由ではありません。\n手間や管理コストが見返りを上回るキャンペーンは無視しましょう。\n特典のために余計に使ったり、不要な商品を作ったりしないようにしましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points","relationships":{"guides":["guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem","guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","guide:how-points-are-earned","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:avoid-overspend-points","guide:rakuten-points-guide","guide:paypay-points-guide","guide:d-point-club-guide","guide:ponta-points-guide","guide:v-points-guide","guide:waon-point-guide","guide:nanaco-points-guide","guide:jre-point-guide","guide:convenience-store-points","guide:supermarket-points","guide:electronics-store-points","guide:fuel-points-automobile","guide:restaurant-points-guide","guide:ecommerce-points-programs","guide:bank-brokerage-rewards","guide:rakuten-card","guide:smbc-numberless-card","guide:paypay-card","guide:d-card","guide:au-pay-card","guide:jcb-card-w","guide:epos-card","guide:view-card-standard","guide:bic-camera-suica-card","guide:aeon-card","guide:saison-gold-amex","guide:paypay-app-guide","guide:rakuten-pay-guide","guide:d-barai-guide","guide:au-pay-guide","guide:merpay-guide","guide:apple-google-pay-guide","guide:id-quicpay-guide","guide:emoney-payment-guide","guide:mobile-suica-guide","guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:ana-vs-jal","guide:hotel-travel-rewards","guide:points-deals-and-campaigns","guide:redeem-points-for-travel","guide:redeem-points-for-cash","guide:redeem-points-for-hotels","guide:redeem-points-for-investing","guide:credit-card-perks-japan","guide:airline-hotel-status-japan","guide:maximize-points-japan","guide:points-glossary","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:ecommerce-stacking","guide:compare-point-ecosystems","guide:best-programs-by-category","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category","guide:best-qr-payment-apps","guide:points-cashback-calculator","guide:annual-fee-calculator","guide:mile-value-calculator","guide:reward-stacking-checker","guide:foreign-resident-rewards","guide:train-commuter-rewards","guide:convenience-shopper-rewards","guide:family-rewards","guide:domestic-traveler-rewards","guide:rewards-glossary-sources-archive"],"faqs":["faq:points-which-ecosystem","faq:points-value","faq:points-expiry","faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten","faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback","faq:rewards-no-expiry","faq:rewards-limited-time","faq:rewards-stacking","faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent","faq:rewards-id-vs-touch","faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-beginner-program","faq:rewards-foreign-join","faq:rewards-foreign-first-card","faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","faq:rewards-mile-value","faq:rewards-paypay-points-step","faq:rewards-furusato-points","faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate","faq:rewards-sources"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本銀行","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/law/shitsugi/shotoku/02/37.htm","official":true}],"type":"cluster","cluster":"","text":"経済圏を1つ選び、ポイントの価値を理解し、無駄追いを避ける。\n日本はポイント経済圏で回っています。楽天、PayPay、dポイント（ドコモ）、Vポイント（SMBC）などが、カード・電子マネー・買い物・携帯プランを結びつけています。勝ち筋は「全部集める」ことではなく、すでに買い物・携帯・銀行で使っている経済圏の1つに集中することです。\n多くのポイントは1ポイント約1円ですが、価値は使い道で変わります。期限切れになるポイントや、特定の店でしか使えないポイントは、見た目より価値が下がります。コンビニやコード決済（PayPay・楽天ペイ）は日常の支出が最も早く貯まる層で、マイルは旅行が多い別の生活パターンに向きます。\n誠実な見方はこうです。ポイントは、どのみち行う支出に対するささやかで非課税の割引であって、余計に使う理由ではありません。このセクションは、生活スタイル別に経済圏を比較し、期限と価値評価を説明し、労力に見合わないキャンペーン追いの罠を避ける手助けをします。\n銀行・カード・携帯に合う1つの経済圏に集中しましょう。弱い経済圏を複数持たないこと。\n多くのポイントは約1円ですが、期限や店舗限定の使い道で実質価値は下がります。\nPayPayや楽天ペイは、コンビニや小規模店の日常支出が最も早く貯まります。\nマイルは旅行が多い人向けで、誰にとっても有利とは限りません。\nポイントはどのみち行う支出の割引であり、余計に使う理由ではありません。\n手間や管理コストが見返りを上回るキャンペーンは無視しましょう。\n特典のために余計に使ったり、不要な商品を作ったりしないようにしましょう。","url":"/ja/points"},{"id":"cluster:crypto:ja","entityId":"cluster:crypto","entityType":"cluster","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"暗号資産・FX","plainText":"登録取引所・重い暗号資産税・保管・レバレッジのリスク。\n日本は暗号資産を厳しく規制します。居住者に合法的にサービスを提供できるのは、金融庁に登録しJVCEAに加盟する取引所（bitFlyer、bitbank、Coincheckなど）だけです。まず確認すべきは登録の有無です。未登録の海外取引所の利用は、法的保護を失い、税務も複雑にします。\n多くの人にとって決定的なのは税金です。暗号資産の利益は雑所得として累進税率で課税され、住民税を含めると最大約55%になり得ます。上場株式やNISAに適用される約20%の分離課税ではありません。暗号資産同士の交換や暗号資産での支払いを含め、あらゆる処分が課税対象になるため、記録ツールが重要です。\nFX（証拠金取引）は別物で、レバレッジが中心です。国内個人向けFXのレバレッジは上限（一般に25倍）があり、損失が預託金を超えることもあります。暗号資産もFXも詐欺が多く、元本保証をうたう手口・偽の取引所・「回収」詐欺などがあります。このセクションは教育に徹し、登録・税金・保管・記録・リスクを扱い、価格予想や誇張は行いません。\n利用は金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟の取引所のみに。未登録の海外取引所は保護を失います。\n暗号資産の利益は雑所得として累進課税。株式の約20%より大幅に高くなり得ます。\n暗号資産同士の交換や支払いを含め、あらゆる処分が課税対象。記録を詳細に残しましょう。\n個人向けFXのレバレッジは上限（一般に25倍）があり、損失が預託金を超えることもあります。\n元本保証・偽の取引所・「回収」サービスは詐欺です。例外はありません。\nこれは投資助言ではなく、価格予想も含みません。\n高い税率と高いボラティリティのため、暗号資産・FXは失っても困らないお金以外には不向きです。詐欺に注意。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/crypto","relationships":{"guides":["guide:crypto-tax-in-japan","guide:choosing-a-registered-exchange"],"faqs":["faq:crypto-registered","faq:crypto-tax","faq:crypto-record","faq:crypto-fx-leverage"],"products":["product:bitflyer","product:bitbank"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本暗号資産取引業協会","url":"https://jvcea.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"type":"cluster","cluster":"","text":"登録取引所・重い暗号資産税・保管・レバレッジのリスク。\n日本は暗号資産を厳しく規制します。居住者に合法的にサービスを提供できるのは、金融庁に登録しJVCEAに加盟する取引所（bitFlyer、bitbank、Coincheckなど）だけです。まず確認すべきは登録の有無です。未登録の海外取引所の利用は、法的保護を失い、税務も複雑にします。\n多くの人にとって決定的なのは税金です。暗号資産の利益は雑所得として累進税率で課税され、住民税を含めると最大約55%になり得ます。上場株式やNISAに適用される約20%の分離課税ではありません。暗号資産同士の交換や暗号資産での支払いを含め、あらゆる処分が課税対象になるため、記録ツールが重要です。\nFX（証拠金取引）は別物で、レバレッジが中心です。国内個人向けFXのレバレッジは上限（一般に25倍）があり、損失が預託金を超えることもあります。暗号資産もFXも詐欺が多く、元本保証をうたう手口・偽の取引所・「回収」詐欺などがあります。このセクションは教育に徹し、登録・税金・保管・記録・リスクを扱い、価格予想や誇張は行いません。\n利用は金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟の取引所のみに。未登録の海外取引所は保護を失います。\n暗号資産の利益は雑所得として累進課税。株式の約20%より大幅に高くなり得ます。\n暗号資産同士の交換や支払いを含め、あらゆる処分が課税対象。記録を詳細に残しましょう。\n個人向けFXのレバレッジは上限（一般に25倍）があり、損失が預託金を超えることもあります。\n元本保証・偽の取引所・「回収」サービスは詐欺です。例外はありません。\nこれは投資助言ではなく、価格予想も含みません。\n高い税率と高いボラティリティのため、暗号資産・FXは失っても困らないお金以外には不向きです。詐欺に注意。","url":"/ja/crypto"},{"id":"guide:public-protection-map-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:public-protection-map-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の公的保障：最初に確認すること","plainText":"民間保険を比較する前に、健康保険・年金記録・雇用保険・労災保険の状況を確認します。\n健康・年金・雇用・労災・会社員向け保障の全体像。\n健康保険は対象診療を給付しますが、収入減の全ては補いません。\n公的年金には老齢・障害・遺族保障があります。\n雇用保険は要件を満たす失業・休業、労災保険は業務・通勤災害を扱います。\n会社員と自営業者では保障の不足が異なります。\n各制度の役割\n健康保険・年金・雇用保険・労災保険は別制度で、請求先も異なります。会社の健康保険証だけで全制度への加入は確認できません。給与明細・通知・ねんきんネット・保険者や自治体で確認します。\n公的保障から確認する順序\n出来事、公的な支払元、資格、見込給付、請求期限、対象外の損失を一覧にします。次に勤務先給付と貯蓄を加え、残る損失だけを民間保険の検討対象にします。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/public-protection-map-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan","guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本年金機構","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/koyou/koyouhoken/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"民間保険を比較する前に、健康保険・年金記録・雇用保険・労災保険の状況を確認します。\n健康・年金・雇用・労災・会社員向け保障の全体像。\n健康保険は対象診療を給付しますが、収入減の全ては補いません。\n公的年金には老齢・障害・遺族保障があります。\n雇用保険は要件を満たす失業・休業、労災保険は業務・通勤災害を扱います。\n会社員と自営業者では保障の不足が異なります。\n各制度の役割\n健康保険・年金・雇用保険・労災保険は別制度で、請求先も異なります。会社の健康保険証だけで全制度への加入は確認できません。給与明細・通知・ねんきんネット・保険者や自治体で確認します。\n公的保障から確認する順序\n出来事、公的な支払元、資格、見込給付、請求期限、対象外の損失を一覧にします。次に勤務先給付と貯蓄を加え、残る損失だけを民間保険の検討対象にします。","url":"/ja/insurance/public-protection-map-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit:ja","entityId":"guide:health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"公的医療保険と高額療養費制度","plainText":"公的医療保険は保険診療を給付し、高額療養費は暦月内の対象自己負担に上限を設けますが、入院関連費用の全てが上限対象ではありません。\n保険診療・自己負担・月額上限・対象外費用・確認先。\n会社員等は通常被用者保険、それ以外は原則として市区町村の国民健康保険です。\n現役世代の窓口負担は原則3割ですが、年齢・所得による例外があります。\n上限は暦月単位で年齢・所得区分に応じます。\n食事代・差額ベッド代・保険外診療・先進医療の一部費用等は高額療養費の計算対象外です。\n対象と対象外\n「7割給付」を「全費用に上限」と捉えないでください。高額療養費の計算は対象となる保険診療の自己負担です。病院には保険診療と食事・差額ベッド・保険外サービスを分けた見積りを依頼します。\n入院前と支払後\nオンライン資格確認または限度額適用認定証により窓口での対象支払を上限までにできる場合があります。そうでなければ保険者へ払い戻しを申請します。世帯合算や多数回該当には所定の条件があります。現在の上限と手続は資格情報に記載の保険者へ確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"公的医療保険は保険診療を給付し、高額療養費は暦月内の対象自己負担に上限を設けますが、入院関連費用の全てが上限対象ではありません。\n保険診療・自己負担・月額上限・対象外費用・確認先。\n会社員等は通常被用者保険、それ以外は原則として市区町村の国民健康保険です。\n現役世代の窓口負担は原則3割ですが、年齢・所得による例外があります。\n上限は暦月単位で年齢・所得区分に応じます。\n食事代・差額ベッド代・保険外診療・先進医療の一部費用等は高額療養費の計算対象外です。\n対象と対象外\n「7割給付」を「全費用に上限」と捉えないでください。高額療養費の計算は対象となる保険診療の自己負担です。病院には保険診療と食事・差額ベッド・保険外サービスを分けた見積りを依頼します。\n入院前と支払後\nオンライン資格確認または限度額適用認定証により窓口での対象支払を上限までにできる場合があります。そうでなければ保険者へ払い戻しを申請します。世帯合算や多数回該当には所定の条件があります。現在の上限と手続は資格情報に記載の保険者へ確認してください。","url":"/ja/insurance/health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:employee-social-insurance-benefits:ja","entityId":"guide:employee-social-insurance-benefits","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"会社員の健康保険・厚生年金","plainText":"対象となる従業員は勤務先を通じ健康保険と厚生年金に加入し、健康保険には市区町村国保にはない所得保障給付がある場合があります。\n適用・保険料・傷病手当金・出産手当金・扶養。\n社会保険料は原則として労使で負担します。\n健康保険の被扶養者と国民年金第3号にはそれぞれ要件があります。\n業務外の病気・けがで働けない対象者には傷病手当金があり得ます。\n業務災害は通常の傷病手当金ではなく労災保険です。\n診療以外の給付\n要件を満たす就労不能では、傷病手当金は通常連続3日の待期後に始まり、法定ルールにより標準報酬を基礎に計算されます。出産手当金は別給付です。資格、給与との調整、現在の計算は健康保険組合等へ確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/employee-social-insurance-benefits","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/0000147284.html","official":true},{"publisher":"全国健康保険協会","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/employeespension/employee.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"対象となる従業員は勤務先を通じ健康保険と厚生年金に加入し、健康保険には市区町村国保にはない所得保障給付がある場合があります。\n適用・保険料・傷病手当金・出産手当金・扶養。\n社会保険料は原則として労使で負担します。\n健康保険の被扶養者と国民年金第3号にはそれぞれ要件があります。\n業務外の病気・けがで働けない対象者には傷病手当金があり得ます。\n業務災害は通常の傷病手当金ではなく労災保険です。\n診療以外の給付\n要件を満たす就労不能では、傷病手当金は通常連続3日の待期後に始まり、法定ルールにより標準報酬を基礎に計算されます。出産手当金は別給付です。資格、給与との調整、現在の計算は健康保険組合等へ確認してください。","url":"/ja/insurance/employee-social-insurance-benefits","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:pension-disability-survivor-benefits:ja","entityId":"guide:pension-disability-survivor-benefits","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"公的年金の老齢・障害・遺族保障","plainText":"国民年金・厚生年金には、納付・医学・家族・時期の要件を満たす場合、老齢・障害・遺族給付があります。\n二階建ての年金制度が障害・死亡リスクも支える仕組み。\n居住者は原則国民年金に加入し、対象従業員は厚生年金も積み立てます。\n障害年金と障害者手帳は別制度です。\n遺族給付は死亡者の記録と遺族の関係・状況により異なります。\n公的給付の見込みを確認する前に生命・障害保険額を決めないでください。\n不足額の前に記録を確認\nねんきんネットや年金事務所で納付月数と老齢年金見込額を確認します。障害・遺族請求は別途審査され、初診日と納付記録が重要になり得るため早めの相談が大切です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/pension-disability-survivor-benefits","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本年金機構","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本年金機構","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/shougainenkin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本年金機構","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/seido/izokunenkin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"国民年金・厚生年金には、納付・医学・家族・時期の要件を満たす場合、老齢・障害・遺族給付があります。\n二階建ての年金制度が障害・死亡リスクも支える仕組み。\n居住者は原則国民年金に加入し、対象従業員は厚生年金も積み立てます。\n障害年金と障害者手帳は別制度です。\n遺族給付は死亡者の記録と遺族の関係・状況により異なります。\n公的給付の見込みを確認する前に生命・障害保険額を決めないでください。\n不足額の前に記録を確認\nねんきんネットや年金事務所で納付月数と老齢年金見込額を確認します。障害・遺族請求は別途審査され、初診日と納付記録が重要になり得るため早めの相談が大切です。","url":"/ja/insurance/pension-disability-survivor-benefits","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:employment-insurance-and-workers-comp:ja","entityId":"guide:employment-insurance-and-workers-comp","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"雇用保険と労災保険","plainText":"雇用保険は要件を満たす失業や所定の休業を支え、労災保険は認定された業務・通勤上の傷病を補償します。\n失業・休業・業務災害・通勤災害の異なる請求経路。\n失業等給付の窓口はハローワークです。\n労災保険は原則として使用者の過失の有無とは別に適用されます。\n労災として扱うべき診療に通常の健康保険を使わないでください。\n自己都合か会社都合かで給付の時期・取扱いが変わり得ます。\n正しい請求経路\n業務・通勤災害は速やかに報告し、医療機関へ労災の可能性を伝えます。離職時は離職票等を受け取りハローワークへ相談します。被保険者期間・離職理由・就労可能性・待期や給付制限が給付に影響します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/employment-insurance-and-workers-comp","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/koyou/koyouhoken/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ハローワーク","url":"https://www.hellowork.mhlw.go.jp/insurance/insurance_basicbenefit.html","official":true},{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"雇用保険は要件を満たす失業や所定の休業を支え、労災保険は認定された業務・通勤上の傷病を補償します。\n失業・休業・業務災害・通勤災害の異なる請求経路。\n失業等給付の窓口はハローワークです。\n労災保険は原則として使用者の過失の有無とは別に適用されます。\n労災として扱うべき診療に通常の健康保険を使わないでください。\n自己都合か会社都合かで給付の時期・取扱いが変わり得ます。\n正しい請求経路\n業務・通勤災害は速やかに報告し、医療機関へ労災の可能性を伝えます。離職時は離職票等を受け取りハローワークへ相談します。被保険者期間・離職理由・就労可能性・待期や給付制限が給付に影響します。","url":"/ja/insurance/employment-insurance-and-workers-comp","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"民間医療保険は必要？","plainText":"公的・勤務先給付後の保険診療自己負担、対象外費用、収入減を見積もり、残る不足が家計を崩す場合にのみ民間医療保険を検討します。\n公的医療保険と勤務先給付を確認した後の判断枠組み。\n高額療養費は対象診療に適用され、全費用ではありません。\n会社員には傷病手当金があり得ますが、市区町村国保には通常同等の標準給付がありません。\n小さく予測可能な不足には現金貯蓄の方が安い場合があります。\n日額だけでなく定義・待期・更新・免責・総保険料を比較します。\n不足額テスト\n公的上限は月ごとに区切られるため複数の暦月で試算します。対象外の室料・食費と現実的な収入減を加え、傷病手当金・有給・勤務先給付・世帯収入・利用可能な貯蓄を差し引きます。保険が残る不足を実質的に埋めないなら購入しません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/medical-insurance-decision-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"全国健康保険協会","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"公的・勤務先給付後の保険診療自己負担、対象外費用、収入減を見積もり、残る不足が家計を崩す場合にのみ民間医療保険を検討します。\n公的医療保険と勤務先給付を確認した後の判断枠組み。\n高額療養費は対象診療に適用され、全費用ではありません。\n会社員には傷病手当金があり得ますが、市区町村国保には通常同等の標準給付がありません。\n小さく予測可能な不足には現金貯蓄の方が安い場合があります。\n日額だけでなく定義・待期・更新・免責・総保険料を比較します。\n不足額テスト\n公的上限は月ごとに区切られるため複数の暦月で試算します。対象外の室料・食費と現実的な収入減を加え、傷病手当金・有給・勤務先給付・世帯収入・利用可能な貯蓄を差し引きます。保険が残る不足を実質的に埋めないなら購入しません。","url":"/ja/insurance/medical-insurance-decision-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:income-protection-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:income-protection-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"働けないときの所得保障","plainText":"不足は就業形態と原因で大きく異なり、傷病手当金・労災・障害年金・雇用保険・勤務先休暇は役割が異なります。\n有給・公的給付・勤務先保障・貯蓄・民間保険を順に重ねる方法。\n短期療養・長期障害・労災・失業・介護を分けます。\n自営業者は通常、短期の療養収入に大きな不足があります。\n緊急資金は待期と免責を補います。\n民間所得補償は給付定義と他給付との調整を確認します。\n一つの金額でなく時系列で考える\n1か月目、2〜6か月、長期障害に分け収入と必須支出を整理します。有給、傷病手当金または労災、勤務先制度、障害年金、配偶者収入、貯蓄を時系列に置き、耐えられない不足が残る部分だけ民間保険を検討します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/income-protection-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"全国健康保険協会","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true},{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本年金機構","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/shougainenkin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/koyou/koyouhoken/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"不足は就業形態と原因で大きく異なり、傷病手当金・労災・障害年金・雇用保険・勤務先休暇は役割が異なります。\n有給・公的給付・勤務先保障・貯蓄・民間保険を順に重ねる方法。\n短期療養・長期障害・労災・失業・介護を分けます。\n自営業者は通常、短期の療養収入に大きな不足があります。\n緊急資金は待期と免責を補います。\n民間所得補償は給付定義と他給付との調整を確認します。\n一つの金額でなく時系列で考える\n1か月目、2〜6か月、長期障害に分け収入と必須支出を整理します。有給、傷病手当金または労災、勤務先制度、障害年金、配偶者収入、貯蓄を時系列に置き、耐えられない不足が残る部分だけ民間保険を検討します。","url":"/ja/insurance/income-protection-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:home-earthquake-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:home-earthquake-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅・火災・地震保険","plainText":"通常の火災保険は地震による火災・損害を補償せず、地震保険は火災保険に付帯し、全額再建ではなく生活再建を支える制度です。\n建物・家財・賠償・水災・地震リスクを分けて考える。\n所有者は建物、賃借人は主に家財・借家人賠償・個人賠償を検討します。\n水災・漏水・盗難・破損はそれぞれ補償確認が必要です。\n地震保険金額は火災保険金額に対し法定範囲があります。\n住宅・自動車・カード付帯の個人賠償重複を確認します。\n物件と災害に合わせる\n賃貸借契約・住宅ローンの要件、造作の所有者、土地を除く再調達価額、地域の水災・地震リスクを確認します。免責金額と地震損害区分の定義を読みます。公的な災害支援は限定的で、完全な保険として扱えません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/home-earthquake-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"財務省","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/policy/financial_system/earthquake_insurance/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"国土交通省","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"通常の火災保険は地震による火災・損害を補償せず、地震保険は火災保険に付帯し、全額再建ではなく生活再建を支える制度です。\n建物・家財・賠償・水災・地震リスクを分けて考える。\n所有者は建物、賃借人は主に家財・借家人賠償・個人賠償を検討します。\n水災・漏水・盗難・破損はそれぞれ補償確認が必要です。\n地震保険金額は火災保険金額に対し法定範囲があります。\n住宅・自動車・カード付帯の個人賠償重複を確認します。\n物件と災害に合わせる\n賃貸借契約・住宅ローンの要件、造作の所有者、土地を除く再調達価額、地域の水災・地震リスクを確認します。免責金額と地震損害区分の定義を読みます。公的な災害支援は限定的で、完全な保険として扱えません。","url":"/ja/insurance/home-earthquake-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:auto-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:auto-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"自賠責保険と任意自動車保険","plainText":"自賠責保険は対人損害を限定的に補償し、対物・自車・巨額になり得る賠償の全ては対象外なので、その不足に任意保険を照らします。\n自賠責保険が法的な最低限にすぎない理由。\n自賠責は強制加入で、他人の死傷への補償が中心です。\n対物賠償と自車損害は自賠責の対象外です。\n任意保険は対人上乗せ・対物・搭乗者・弁護士費用・車両損害等を補えます。\n運転者・年齢・用途・地域・免責・家族の定義で補償が制限され得ます。\n自賠責の不足から考える\n運転前に自賠責の有効性を確認します。その後、限度を超える対人賠償、他車・物への損害、自分の傷害・車両、ロードサービス、運転者を整理します。これらの不足でなく保険料から始める比較は不十分です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/auto-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国土交通省","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jidosha/anzen/04relief/jibai/insurance.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jidosha/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"自賠責保険は対人損害を限定的に補償し、対物・自車・巨額になり得る賠償の全ては対象外なので、その不足に任意保険を照らします。\n自賠責保険が法的な最低限にすぎない理由。\n自賠責は強制加入で、他人の死傷への補償が中心です。\n対物賠償と自車損害は自賠責の対象外です。\n任意保険は対人上乗せ・対物・搭乗者・弁護士費用・車両損害等を補えます。\n運転者・年齢・用途・地域・免責・家族の定義で補償が制限され得ます。\n自賠責の不足から考える\n運転前に自賠責の有効性を確認します。その後、限度を超える対人賠償、他車・物への損害、自分の傷害・車両、ロードサービス、運転者を整理します。これらの不足でなく保険料から始める比較は不十分です。","url":"/ja/insurance/auto-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-insurance-works-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:how-insurance-works-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保険の仕組み","plainText":"保険は保険料と引き換えに、定められた財務リスクを保険会社へ移転する契約で、約款が定める出来事・人・物・期間にのみ支払われます。\nリスク移転・保険料・定額給付と実損填補・請求・免責。\n補償されるのは約款が定める損失のみで、あらゆる不運ではありません。\n定額給付型は一定額を支払い、実損填補型は限度内で実際の損失を補償します。\n保険料・免責・待機期間・定義が支払可否を左右します。\nパンフレットではなく普通保険約款と注意喚起情報が優先します。\n実際に買っているもの\n買っているのは「あらゆる損失への保護」ではなく、所定の条件下で支払うという契約上の約束です。価格を比較する前に、保険事故の定義・免責・待機期間を読みます。本当のリスクを除外している安い保険は安くありません。\n中心となる判断基準\n保険は次の3つが同時に成り立つ場合にのみ検討します。損失が深刻であること、発生が不確実であること、妥当な保険料で実際に補償されること。予測でき負担可能な費用は貯蓄で賄います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/how-insurance-works-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan","guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"保険は保険料と引き換えに、定められた財務リスクを保険会社へ移転する契約で、約款が定める出来事・人・物・期間にのみ支払われます。\nリスク移転・保険料・定額給付と実損填補・請求・免責。\n補償されるのは約款が定める損失のみで、あらゆる不運ではありません。\n定額給付型は一定額を支払い、実損填補型は限度内で実際の損失を補償します。\n保険料・免責・待機期間・定義が支払可否を左右します。\nパンフレットではなく普通保険約款と注意喚起情報が優先します。\n実際に買っているもの\n買っているのは「あらゆる損失への保護」ではなく、所定の条件下で支払うという契約上の約束です。価格を比較する前に、保険事故の定義・免責・待機期間を読みます。本当のリスクを除外している安い保険は安くありません。\n中心となる判断基準\n保険は次の3つが同時に成り立つ場合にのみ検討します。損失が深刻であること、発生が不確実であること、妥当な保険料で実際に補償されること。予測でき負担可能な費用は貯蓄で賄います。","url":"/ja/insurance/how-insurance-works-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-to-read-a-policy-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-read-a-policy-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保険の約款を読む方法","plainText":"契約概要やパンフレットは概要にすぎず、実際の支払可否は普通保険約款・特約・定義・注意喚起情報が決めます。\n契約概要・注意喚起情報・約款・定義・免責・支払事由。\nまず定義規定を読みます。「手術」「がん」「水災」「同居家族」などは定義語です。\n普通・特別の免責と、補償開始日が条件付きの項目を確認します。\n支払事由・限度・免責金額・更新・解約の条件を確認します。\nパンフレットと約款が矛盾する場合は約款が優先します。\n重要な書類\n4つの書類をまとめて保管します。契約概要、注意喚起情報、特約を含む約款全文、そして自分が答えた告知内容です。金融庁の指針は、商品の仕組み・主な特約・保険期間・保険料・解約返戻金・免責・クーリングオフ・告知義務の説明を保険会社に求めています。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/how-to-read-a-policy-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-insurance-works-japan","guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"契約概要やパンフレットは概要にすぎず、実際の支払可否は普通保険約款・特約・定義・注意喚起情報が決めます。\n契約概要・注意喚起情報・約款・定義・免責・支払事由。\nまず定義規定を読みます。「手術」「がん」「水災」「同居家族」などは定義語です。\n普通・特別の免責と、補償開始日が条件付きの項目を確認します。\n支払事由・限度・免責金額・更新・解約の条件を確認します。\nパンフレットと約款が矛盾する場合は約款が優先します。\n重要な書類\n4つの書類をまとめて保管します。契約概要、注意喚起情報、特約を含む約款全文、そして自分が答えた告知内容です。金融庁の指針は、商品の仕組み・主な特約・保険期間・保険料・解約返戻金・免責・クーリングオフ・告知義務の説明を保険会社に求めています。","url":"/ja/insurance/how-to-read-a-policy-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-premiums-explained-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-premiums-explained-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保険料の決まり方","plainText":"保険料は保険金額とリスク要因（年齢・健康・職業・地域・車・ペット・免責・選択した保障）で決まり、年齢更新で大きく上がることがあります。\n年齢・健康・職業・地域・保険金額・免責・更新が価格に与える影響。\n掲載されている保険料例は例示であり、あなたへの見積りではありません。\n免責金額を上げると保険料は下がりますが、自己負担は増えます。\n更新型の定期保険は年齢が上がるため更新のたびに高くなります。\n自動車・ペットは等級・犬種・年齢も反映します。\n価格より先に保障を比較\n保険料を比べる前に、金額・定義・待機期間・更新といった保障を揃えます。初年度が最も安くても、更新で急上昇したり給付が狭ければ、長期では最も高くつくことがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-premiums-explained-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"保険料は保険金額とリスク要因（年齢・健康・職業・地域・車・ペット・免責・選択した保障）で決まり、年齢更新で大きく上がることがあります。\n年齢・健康・職業・地域・保険金額・免責・更新が価格に与える影響。\n掲載されている保険料例は例示であり、あなたへの見積りではありません。\n免責金額を上げると保険料は下がりますが、自己負担は増えます。\n更新型の定期保険は年齢が上がるため更新のたびに高くなります。\n自動車・ペットは等級・犬種・年齢も反映します。\n価格より先に保障を比較\n保険料を比べる前に、金額・定義・待機期間・更新といった保障を揃えます。初年度が最も安くても、更新で急上昇したり給付が狭ければ、長期では最も高くつくことがあります。","url":"/ja/insurance/insurance-premiums-explained-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"免責と待機期間","plainText":"請求時の想定外の多くは免責と待機期間から生じます。がん保険は約90日の不担保期間、ペット保険は病気・がんの待機期間が一般的です。\n種類別の主な免責、がん・ペットの待機期間、既往症。\n故意・戦争・重要事実の不告知はほぼ共通の免責です。\nがん保険は待機期間内の診断を通常支払いません。\nペット保険は既往症・多くは先天性疾患を除外します。\n引受基準緩和型は初期の一定期間、給付が削減されることがあります。\n購入前に確認する場所\n見出しの補償だけでなく、特別免責と条件付きの補償開始日を読みます。がん・ペットは、待機期間の起算点と既往症の範囲を正確に確認します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cancer-insurance-japan","guide:pet-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true},{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"請求時の想定外の多くは免責と待機期間から生じます。がん保険は約90日の不担保期間、ペット保険は病気・がんの待機期間が一般的です。\n種類別の主な免責、がん・ペットの待機期間、既往症。\n故意・戦争・重要事実の不告知はほぼ共通の免責です。\nがん保険は待機期間内の診断を通常支払いません。\nペット保険は既往症・多くは先天性疾患を除外します。\n引受基準緩和型は初期の一定期間、給付が削減されることがあります。\n購入前に確認する場所\n見出しの補償だけでなく、特別免責と条件付きの補償開始日を読みます。がん・ペットは、待機期間の起算点と既往症の範囲を正確に確認します。","url":"/ja/insurance/exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-riders-explained-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-riders-explained-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"特約の基礎","plainText":"特約は主契約に付加する任意の保障（先進医療・保険料払込免除・個人賠償・弁護士費用・女性疾病・災害死亡など）で、既定で付けるのではなく、数値化したリスクに対してのみ付けます。\n医療・賠償・弁護士費用・払込免除・先進医療・災害死亡などの特約。\n特約は保険料を増やします。実在し数値化したリスクにだけ付けます。\n個人賠償・弁護士費用特約は安価で広く役立ちます。\n先進医療特約は公的に指定された技術料のみを支払います。\n払込免除特約は所定の障害・疾病で保険料を止めます。\n特約は意図して付ける\n各特約について、どの損失を補うか、他で既に持っていないか、保険料が見合うかを確認します。個人賠償は付ける価値が高いことが多く、小さな医療特約の多くはそうではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-riders-explained-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan","guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"特約は主契約に付加する任意の保障（先進医療・保険料払込免除・個人賠償・弁護士費用・女性疾病・災害死亡など）で、既定で付けるのではなく、数値化したリスクに対してのみ付けます。\n医療・賠償・弁護士費用・払込免除・先進医療・災害死亡などの特約。\n特約は保険料を増やします。実在し数値化したリスクにだけ付けます。\n個人賠償・弁護士費用特約は安価で広く役立ちます。\n先進医療特約は公的に指定された技術料のみを支払います。\n払込免除特約は所定の障害・疾病で保険料を止めます。\n特約は意図して付ける\n各特約について、どの損失を補うか、他で既に持っていないか、保険料が見合うかを確認します。個人賠償は付ける価値が高いことが多く、小さな医療特約の多くはそうではありません。","url":"/ja/insurance/insurance-riders-explained-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:underwriting-and-disclosure-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:underwriting-and-disclosure-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"引受査定と告知","plainText":"告知はすべて完全かつ正確に答えます。保険会社は標準・割増・部位不担保・延期・謝絶のいずれかで判断し、重要事項の不告知は保険金不払いの原因になります。\n告知・診査・割増・部位不担保・延期・謝絶。\n聞かれたことに、正直かつ漏れなく答えます。\n既往症が必ず謝絶になるとは限らず、結果は様々です。\n割増の緩和型より先に、標準の引受を試します。\n請求時に判明した不告知は契約解除につながり得ます。\n推測せず、隠さない\n質問が不明確なら推測せず書面で確認します。保険会社が求める情報を省略しないでください。小さな不担保や割増を受ける方が、後の不告知による不払いより通常は望ましいです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/underwriting-and-disclosure-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"告知はすべて完全かつ正確に答えます。保険会社は標準・割増・部位不担保・延期・謝絶のいずれかで判断し、重要事項の不告知は保険金不払いの原因になります。\n告知・診査・割増・部位不担保・延期・謝絶。\n聞かれたことに、正直かつ漏れなく答えます。\n既往症が必ず謝絶になるとは限らず、結果は様々です。\n割増の緩和型より先に、標準の引受を試します。\n請求時に判明した不告知は契約解除につながり得ます。\n推測せず、隠さない\n質問が不明確なら推測せず書面で確認します。保険会社が求める情報を省略しないでください。小さな不担保や割増を受ける方が、後の不告知による不払いより通常は望ましいです。","url":"/ja/insurance/underwriting-and-disclosure-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:term-renewable-whole-life-basics-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:term-renewable-whole-life-basics-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"定期・更新型・終身の基礎","plainText":"定期は一時的な必要に安く、通常は解約返戻金がありません。更新型は年齢とともに上限まで上がり、終身は払込を続ければ一生涯続きますが早期解約は元本割れし得ます。\n保険期間・保険料の上昇・更新上限・終身の必要性・解約返戻金。\n保険期間は、リスクが実際に続く期間に合わせます。\n更新型には更新できなくなる年齢上限があります。\n終身は解約返戻金がある場合もありますが、早期は少額です。\n大きな定期＋必要な場合のみ小さな終身、という組み合わせが効率的です。\n必要に形を合わせる\n扶養期間中の一時的な家計収入リスクには大きな定期を、葬儀費用や相続の流動性など本当に生涯続く必要にだけ小さな終身を加えます。一時的な問題を終身保険で解決しようとしないでください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/term-renewable-whole-life-basics-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan","guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"定期は一時的な必要に安く、通常は解約返戻金がありません。更新型は年齢とともに上限まで上がり、終身は払込を続ければ一生涯続きますが早期解約は元本割れし得ます。\n保険期間・保険料の上昇・更新上限・終身の必要性・解約返戻金。\n保険期間は、リスクが実際に続く期間に合わせます。\n更新型には更新できなくなる年齢上限があります。\n終身は解約返戻金がある場合もありますが、早期は少額です。\n大きな定期＋必要な場合のみ小さな終身、という組み合わせが効率的です。\n必要に形を合わせる\n扶養期間中の一時的な家計収入リスクには大きな定期を、葬儀費用や相続の流動性など本当に生涯続く必要にだけ小さな終身を加えます。一時的な問題を終身保険で解決しようとしないでください。","url":"/ja/insurance/term-renewable-whole-life-basics-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"解約返戻金と積立部分","plainText":"解約返戻金は解約や契約者貸付で利用できる可能性のある契約価値で、預金ではありません。低解約返戻金型は早期解約で払込額を大きく下回ることがあります。\n終身・低解約返戻金型・契約者貸付・早期解約の損失。\n満期の例示額は前提次第で、保証と明記されない限り保証されません。\n低解約返戻金型は保険料を下げますが、早期解約に不利です。\n契約者貸付は利息がつき、返済まで給付を減らします。\n貯蓄型保険を流動性のある緊急資金と考えないでください。\n保証欄を読む\n設計書では保証値と予定値を分け、現実に解約し得る年数の解約返戻金を確認します。為替・利率・市場・手数料の前提はいずれも実受取額を減らし得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","guide:whole-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"解約返戻金は解約や契約者貸付で利用できる可能性のある契約価値で、預金ではありません。低解約返戻金型は早期解約で払込額を大きく下回ることがあります。\n終身・低解約返戻金型・契約者貸付・早期解約の損失。\n満期の例示額は前提次第で、保証と明記されない限り保証されません。\n低解約返戻金型は保険料を下げますが、早期解約に不利です。\n契約者貸付は利息がつき、返済まで給付を減らします。\n貯蓄型保険を流動性のある緊急資金と考えないでください。\n保証欄を読む\n設計書では保証値と予定値を分け、現実に解約し得る年数の解約返戻金を確認します。為替・利率・市場・手数料の前提はいずれも実受取額を減らし得ます。","url":"/ja/insurance/cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-insurance-claims-work-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:how-insurance-claims-work-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保険金請求の仕組み","plainText":"保険金請求は、診断書・領収書・診断・事故証明・見積り・死亡診断書などの必要書類を伴う支払請求で、約款の条件と定義を満たす場合にのみ支払われます。\n証拠・通知・請求書類・調査・支払判断・不払い。\n最終金額が不明でも、速やかに保険会社へ通知します。\n写真・領収書・記録・やり取りを保存します。\n請求番号・必要書類・期限を確認します。\n不払いの場合は約款上の理由を書面で受け取ります。\n共通する請求手順\nまず身の安全と損害拡大の防止、次に関係機関へ連絡、保険会社へ通知、証拠収集、事実の経過を提出、他の適用保険を申告、そして判断を書面で受け取り、事実誤認は条項を示して反論します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/how-insurance-claims-work-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan","guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"保険金請求は、診断書・領収書・診断・事故証明・見積り・死亡診断書などの必要書類を伴う支払請求で、約款の条件と定義を満たす場合にのみ支払われます。\n証拠・通知・請求書類・調査・支払判断・不払い。\n最終金額が不明でも、速やかに保険会社へ通知します。\n写真・領収書・記録・やり取りを保存します。\n請求番号・必要書類・期限を確認します。\n不払いの場合は約款上の理由を書面で受け取ります。\n共通する請求手順\nまず身の安全と損害拡大の防止、次に関係機関へ連絡、保険会社へ通知、証拠収集、事実の経過を提出、他の適用保険を申告、そして判断を書面で受け取り、事実誤認は条項を示して反論します。","url":"/ja/insurance/how-insurance-claims-work-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保険の見積り比較のしかた","plainText":"まず保障・定義・待機期間・更新条件を揃え、その後で初年度の安さではなく長期の総保険料を比較します。\n保障と定義を揃え、総保険料・更新・特約・免責を比較する。\n給付額だけでなく、保険事故の定義を比較します。\n必要に応じ65・75・85・95歳までの総保険料を試算します。\n特約・免責・除外を比較に含めます。\n比較サイトのランキングは全市場ではなくそのサイトの取扱いを反映します。\n同条件の比較表をつくる\n各商品を同じ行で表にします。加入・更新年齢、支払事由と金額、待機期間、免責、更新時の再算定、現実的な期間の総保険料。揃えられない見積りはまだ比較可能ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:insurance-premiums-explained-japan","guide:direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"まず保障・定義・待機期間・更新条件を揃え、その後で初年度の安さではなく長期の総保険料を比較します。\n保障と定義を揃え、総保険料・更新・特約・免責を比較する。\n給付額だけでなく、保険事故の定義を比較します。\n必要に応じ65・75・85・95歳までの総保険料を試算します。\n特約・免責・除外を比較に含めます。\n比較サイトのランキングは全市場ではなくそのサイトの取扱いを反映します。\n同条件の比較表をつくる\n各商品を同じ行で表にします。加入・更新年齢、支払事由と金額、待機期間、免責、更新時の再算定、現実的な期間の総保険料。揃えられない見積りはまだ比較可能ではありません。","url":"/ja/insurance/how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保険の見直しと乗り換え","plainText":"すべての契約を棚卸しし、各給付を実際のリスクに対応させ、乗り換え先が引受・開始され免責を理解するまで既存の生命・医療保険を解約しないでください。\n契約の棚卸し・重複補償・乗り換えリスク・解約のタイミング。\n乗り換えは告知をやり直すため、新たな症状が除外され得ます。\n個人賠償・旅行・端末補償の重複に注意します。\n古い入院中心の医療保険は現在の医療に合わないことがあります。\n新契約のクーリングオフと初回保険料の条件を確認します。\n安全な乗り換え手順\n新しい保障を申込・確保し、開始日と特別な不担保を確認してから、旧契約を解約します。先に解約すると、新規申込が割増・謝絶になった場合に無保険・加入不能になり得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:annual-insurance-review-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"すべての契約を棚卸しし、各給付を実際のリスクに対応させ、乗り換え先が引受・開始され免責を理解するまで既存の生命・医療保険を解約しないでください。\n契約の棚卸し・重複補償・乗り換えリスク・解約のタイミング。\n乗り換えは告知をやり直すため、新たな症状が除外され得ます。\n個人賠償・旅行・端末補償の重複に注意します。\n古い入院中心の医療保険は現在の医療に合わないことがあります。\n新契約のクーリングオフと初回保険料の条件を確認します。\n安全な乗り換え手順\n新しい保障を申込・確保し、開始日と特別な不担保を確認してから、旧契約を解約します。先に解約すると、新規申込が割増・謝絶になった場合に無保険・加入不能になり得ます。","url":"/ja/insurance/reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"過剰保険と保険不足","plainText":"過剰保険は公的給付・勤務先給付・貯蓄と重複し、根拠のない特約を買うことです。保険不足は無制限賠償・再建・収入減・扶養家族といった巨大リスクの補償漏れです。\n公的給付との重複・不要な特約・巨大リスクの補償漏れ。\n民間保険の前に、公的・勤務先給付を見積もります。\n小さく予算化できる損失は自己資金の方が通常有利です。\n最も大きな不足は対人賠償・再建・収入減です。\n特約の積み増しや巨大リスクの無保険より、適正化が優先です。\n各支出を実リスクに対応させる\n各リスクについて、公的な支払元・貯蓄の余裕・実際の残余損失を一覧化します。残余が大きく不確実な部分だけを保険にします。既存補償と重複する特約は解約し、一つの事故で家計が崩れる部分は限度を引き上げます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/over-and-under-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"過剰保険は公的給付・勤務先給付・貯蓄と重複し、根拠のない特約を買うことです。保険不足は無制限賠償・再建・収入減・扶養家族といった巨大リスクの補償漏れです。\n公的給付との重複・不要な特約・巨大リスクの補償漏れ。\n民間保険の前に、公的・勤務先給付を見積もります。\n小さく予算化できる損失は自己資金の方が通常有利です。\n最も大きな不足は対人賠償・再建・収入減です。\n特約の積み増しや巨大リスクの無保険より、適正化が優先です。\n各支出を実リスクに対応させる\n各リスクについて、公的な支払元・貯蓄の余裕・実際の残余損失を一覧化します。残余が大きく不確実な部分だけを保険にします。既存補償と重複する特約は解約し、一つの事故で家計が崩れる部分は限度を引き上げます。","url":"/ja/insurance/over-and-under-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:employees-vs-national-health-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:employees-vs-national-health-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"健康保険と国民健康保険の違い","plainText":"健康保険は勤務先を通じて加入し、労使折半の報酬比例保険料で被扶養者を扱い、傷病手当金・出産手当金を支給し得ます。市区町村の国民健康保険は世帯単位で、通常これらの所得給付はありません。\n加入・扶養・保険料計算・傷病手当金と出産手当金。\n健康保険には被扶養者制度があり、国保は世帯員ごとに加入します。\n会社員は傷病手当金・出産手当金を受け得ますが、通常の国保にはありません。\nいずれも保険診療と高額療養費を提供します。\n転職により、加入制度と保険料の決まり方が変わり得ます。\n転職するとき\n勤務先の保険を失うと、可能な場合の任意継続か市区町村国保かの選択が生じます。総保険料・被扶養者の扱い・所得給付の要否を比較し、無保険期間を避けるため速やかに加入します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/employees-vs-national-health-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:health-insurance-and-high-cost-benefit","guide:employee-social-insurance-benefits"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"全国健康保険協会","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"健康保険は勤務先を通じて加入し、労使折半の報酬比例保険料で被扶養者を扱い、傷病手当金・出産手当金を支給し得ます。市区町村の国民健康保険は世帯単位で、通常これらの所得給付はありません。\n加入・扶養・保険料計算・傷病手当金と出産手当金。\n健康保険には被扶養者制度があり、国保は世帯員ごとに加入します。\n会社員は傷病手当金・出産手当金を受け得ますが、通常の国保にはありません。\nいずれも保険診療と高額療養費を提供します。\n転職により、加入制度と保険料の決まり方が変わり得ます。\n転職するとき\n勤務先の保険を失うと、可能な場合の任意継続か市区町村国保かの選択が生じます。総保険料・被扶養者の扱い・所得給付の要否を比較し、無保険期間を避けるため速やかに加入します。","url":"/ja/insurance/employees-vs-national-health-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"公的医療保険の対象外","plainText":"公的保険は保険診療を給付し高額療養費が対象自己負担を上限までに抑えますが、差額ベッド代・保険外診療・食事・文書料・収入減はその保護の外にあります。\n差額ベッド・保険外診療・文書料・食事・収入減などの不足。\n高額療養費は対象自己負担のみを暦月単位で計算します。\n希望による差額ベッド代は上限の対象外です。\n保険外の先進医療技術料は給付されないことがあります。\n収入減は別の給付・保険でのみ補われます。\n民間保険や貯蓄が役立つ場面\n病院に、保険診療と食事・差額ベッド・文書・保険外サービスを分けた明細見積りを依頼します。その上で、残余を賄うのに貯蓄と定額給付の医療保険のどちらが安いかを判断します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan","guide:private-medical-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"公的保険は保険診療を給付し高額療養費が対象自己負担を上限までに抑えますが、差額ベッド代・保険外診療・食事・文書料・収入減はその保護の外にあります。\n差額ベッド・保険外診療・文書料・食事・収入減などの不足。\n高額療養費は対象自己負担のみを暦月単位で計算します。\n希望による差額ベッド代は上限の対象外です。\n保険外の先進医療技術料は給付されないことがあります。\n収入減は別の給付・保険でのみ補われます。\n民間保険や貯蓄が役立つ場面\n病院に、保険診療と食事・差額ベッド・文書・保険外サービスを分けた明細見積りを依頼します。その上で、残余を賄うのに貯蓄と定額給付の医療保険のどちらが安いかを判断します。","url":"/ja/insurance/what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:long-term-care-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:long-term-care-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"公的介護保険","plainText":"居住者は40歳から介護保険に加入し、認定を受けた利用者は対象サービスの原則1〜3割を負担します。食費・居住費・上乗せ・限度超のサービスは自己負担です。\n年齢区分・要介護認定・給付対象・自己負担・対象外の施設費用。\n65歳以上は要介護状態に基づき、40〜64歳は特定疾病のみが対象です。\n認定により要介護度と月々の支給限度が決まります。\n自己負担は所得に応じ原則1〜3割です。\n施設の食費・居住費は公的制度で全額は賄われません。\n民間介護保険が補うもの\n民間介護保険は対象外費用に一時金や年金を上乗せできますが、約款所定の要介護状態や公的介護度に達した場合に限られます。専用の介護資金や、公的給付後の実際の不足と比較します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/long-term-care-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:insurance-retirees-japan","guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/hukushi_kaigo/kaigo_koureisha/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"居住者は40歳から介護保険に加入し、認定を受けた利用者は対象サービスの原則1〜3割を負担します。食費・居住費・上乗せ・限度超のサービスは自己負担です。\n年齢区分・要介護認定・給付対象・自己負担・対象外の施設費用。\n65歳以上は要介護状態に基づき、40〜64歳は特定疾病のみが対象です。\n認定により要介護度と月々の支給限度が決まります。\n自己負担は所得に応じ原則1〜3割です。\n施設の食費・居住費は公的制度で全額は賄われません。\n民間介護保険が補うもの\n民間介護保険は対象外費用に一時金や年金を上乗せできますが、約款所定の要介護状態や公的介護度に達した場合に限られます。専用の介護資金や、公的給付後の実際の不足と比較します。","url":"/ja/insurance/long-term-care-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:pension-for-foreign-residents-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:pension-for-foreign-residents-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者の年金","plainText":"20〜59歳の登録居住者は原則として国民年金の対象で、納付は障害・遺族も保護します。脱退一時金は日本を離れて2年以内に請求できる場合がありますが、算入期間が消滅し得ます。\n加入・社会保障協定・記録・脱退一時金。\n対象居住者の加入は原則として任意ではなく義務です。\n納付は老齢・障害・遺族の保護を積み上げます。\n社会保障協定により各国の期間を通算できる場合があります。\n脱退一時金は記録を残すより不利になり得ます。\n一時金を請求する前に\n脱退一時金は慎重に検討します。対象の外国人は原則として在留喪失から2年以内に請求しますが、請求すると計算に用いた期間が消滅し、税や協定の計画に影響し得ます。協定が適用される場合は記録の保持と比較します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/pension-for-foreign-residents-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","guide:pension-disability-survivor-benefits"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本年金機構","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/kokunen/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本年金機構","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/withdrawalpayment/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本年金機構","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"20〜59歳の登録居住者は原則として国民年金の対象で、納付は障害・遺族も保護します。脱退一時金は日本を離れて2年以内に請求できる場合がありますが、算入期間が消滅し得ます。\n加入・社会保障協定・記録・脱退一時金。\n対象居住者の加入は原則として任意ではなく義務です。\n納付は老齢・障害・遺族の保護を積み上げます。\n社会保障協定により各国の期間を通算できる場合があります。\n脱退一時金は記録を残すより不利になり得ます。\n一時金を請求する前に\n脱退一時金は慎重に検討します。対象の外国人は原則として在留喪失から2年以内に請求しますが、請求すると計算に用いた期間が消滅し、税や協定の計画に影響し得ます。協定が適用される場合は記録の保持と比較します。","url":"/ja/insurance/pension-for-foreign-residents-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本を離れるときの保険・年金チェックリスト","plainText":"出国前に、各民間契約が海外で継続できるかを書面で確認し、市区町村で国保を脱退し、年金の脱退一時金を検討し、種類ごとに請求と連絡先を整理します。\n民間契約の継続・国保脱退・年金の脱退一時金・請求・連絡先。\n民間契約が海外で続くかに統一ルールはなく、各社へ確認します。\n市区町村で国保を脱退し、年金の資格を更新します。\n対象なら2年の期限内に脱退一時金の要否を判断します。\n海外で請求・通知がどう届くかを確認します。\n各民間保険会社へ書面で確認\n各民間契約について、海外で継続できるか、保険料の払込方法、通知の送付先、請求書類の扱い、日本の住所・口座が必須かを確認します。回答は約款とともに保管します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pension-for-foreign-residents-japan","guide:insurance-foreign-residents-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本年金機構","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/withdrawalpayment/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"出国前に、各民間契約が海外で継続できるかを書面で確認し、市区町村で国保を脱退し、年金の脱退一時金を検討し、種類ごとに請求と連絡先を整理します。\n民間契約の継続・国保脱退・年金の脱退一時金・請求・連絡先。\n民間契約が海外で続くかに統一ルールはなく、各社へ確認します。\n市区町村で国保を脱退し、年金の資格を更新します。\n対象なら2年の期限内に脱退一時金の要否を判断します。\n海外で請求・通知がどう届くかを確認します。\n各民間保険会社へ書面で確認\n各民間契約について、海外で継続できるか、保険料の払込方法、通知の送付先、請求書類の扱い、日本の住所・口座が必須かを確認します。回答は約款とともに保管します。","url":"/ja/insurance/leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:term-life-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:term-life-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"定期保険","plainText":"定期保険は一定期間の死亡保障を比較的低い保険料で提供し、通常は解約返戻金がほぼ無く、扶養期間や住宅ローン期間など一時的な収入不足に最も適します。\n平準・更新型、年齢制限、保険料の変化、向くケース、免責。\n親・住宅ローン利用者・一時的な収入不足に向きます。\n更新型は更新のたびに高くなり、年齢上限があります。\n遺族年金や勤務先の死亡給付は必要額を減らします。\n自殺免責期間と告知のルールが適用されます。\n実際の不足に合わせる\n給与全額を保険にしません。負債・独立までの家計収入・教育費を足し、遺族年金・勤務先給付・資産・配偶者収入を差し引きます。扶養期間全体を平準の定期で覆う方が、短い更新型より通常わかりやすいです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/term-life-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本年金機構","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/seido/izokunenkin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"定期保険は一定期間の死亡保障を比較的低い保険料で提供し、通常は解約返戻金がほぼ無く、扶養期間や住宅ローン期間など一時的な収入不足に最も適します。\n平準・更新型、年齢制限、保険料の変化、向くケース、免責。\n親・住宅ローン利用者・一時的な収入不足に向きます。\n更新型は更新のたびに高くなり、年齢上限があります。\n遺族年金や勤務先の死亡給付は必要額を減らします。\n自殺免責期間と告知のルールが適用されます。\n実際の不足に合わせる\n給与全額を保険にしません。負債・独立までの家計収入・教育費を足し、遺族年金・勤務先給付・資産・配偶者収入を差し引きます。扶養期間全体を平準の定期で覆う方が、短い更新型より通常わかりやすいです。","url":"/ja/insurance/term-life-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:whole-life-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:whole-life-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"終身保険","plainText":"終身保険は払込を続ける限り一生涯の死亡保障を提供し解約返戻金を持つ場合もありますが、保険料は定期より高く、早期解約は払込額を大きく下回ることがあります。\n一生涯の死亡保障・解約返戻金・保険料の型・解約リスク。\n葬儀費用・相続の流動性・分割対策など、本当に生涯続く必要に向きます。\n解約返戻金は預金ではなく、早期は少額です。\n外貨建て・変額は市場・為替リスクを加えます。\n一時的な必要には定期の方が通常はるかに安価です。\nまず生涯続く必要を確認\n終身は明確な生涯の必要にだけ、金額を小さく契約します。予定値を保証された預金と誤解すること、一時的な収入不足を大きな終身で解決しようとすることが二大失敗です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/whole-life-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan","guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"終身保険は払込を続ける限り一生涯の死亡保障を提供し解約返戻金を持つ場合もありますが、保険料は定期より高く、早期解約は払込額を大きく下回ることがあります。\n一生涯の死亡保障・解約返戻金・保険料の型・解約リスク。\n葬儀費用・相続の流動性・分割対策など、本当に生涯続く必要に向きます。\n解約返戻金は預金ではなく、早期は少額です。\n外貨建て・変額は市場・為替リスクを加えます。\n一時的な必要には定期の方が通常はるかに安価です。\nまず生涯続く必要を確認\n終身は明確な生涯の必要にだけ、金額を小さく契約します。予定値を保証された預金と誤解すること、一時的な収入不足を大きな終身で解決しようとすることが二大失敗です。","url":"/ja/insurance/whole-life-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:private-medical-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:private-medical-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"民間医療保険","plainText":"民間医療保険は公的保障の上に、日額・手術・一時金など約款所定の給付を支払います。公的医療保険を置き換えるのではなく補完し、残る不足が家計を崩す場合以外は任意です。\n入院・手術・外来の定額給付と公的保険の関係。\n多くの商品は実際の請求額ではなく定額を支払います。\n公的な高額療養費が対象自己負担を月単位で既に抑えます。\n日額だけでなく入院日数・手術の定義・更新を比較します。\n小さく予測可能な不足は貯蓄で賄う方が安いことがあります。\n残余の不足を検証\n公的上限を複数の暦月で試算し、対象外の室料・食費と現実的な収入減を足し、傷病手当金・有給・貯蓄を差し引きます。残る不足を実質的に埋める場合にのみ購入します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/private-medical-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:medical-insurance-decision-japan","guide:what-public-health-does-not-cover-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"全国健康保険協会","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"民間医療保険は公的保障の上に、日額・手術・一時金など約款所定の給付を支払います。公的医療保険を置き換えるのではなく補完し、残る不足が家計を崩す場合以外は任意です。\n入院・手術・外来の定額給付と公的保険の関係。\n多くの商品は実際の請求額ではなく定額を支払います。\n公的な高額療養費が対象自己負担を月単位で既に抑えます。\n日額だけでなく入院日数・手術の定義・更新を比較します。\n小さく予測可能な不足は貯蓄で賄う方が安いことがあります。\n残余の不足を検証\n公的上限を複数の暦月で試算し、対象外の室料・食費と現実的な収入減を足し、傷病手当金・有給・貯蓄を差し引きます。残る不足を実質的に埋める場合にのみ購入します。","url":"/ja/insurance/private-medical-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:cancer-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:cancer-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"がん保険","plainText":"がん保険は診断・治療に約款所定の現金を上乗せしますが、約90日の待機期間、治療定義の違い、再発間隔、上皮内がんの扱いが適用されます。公的保険は通常の保険診療のがん治療を既に給付します。\n診断・治療給付、待機期間、再発、上皮内がん。\nがん保険は同一ではなく、名称でなく支払事由を比較します。\n診断一時金は柔軟性、治療給付は反復治療を支えます。\n上皮内がんは商品により減額または不支給のことがあります。\n高額療養費が保険診療の対象自己負担を既に抑えます。\n一時金型と治療型の設計\n大きな診断一時金・継続的な治療給付・その両方のどれを求めるかを決め、再発間隔と、外来治療や先進医療技術料が含まれるかを確認します。待機期間の起算点も確認します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/cancer-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:private-medical-insurance-japan","guide:exclusions-and-waiting-periods-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true},{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"がん保険は診断・治療に約款所定の現金を上乗せしますが、約90日の待機期間、治療定義の違い、再発間隔、上皮内がんの扱いが適用されます。公的保険は通常の保険診療のがん治療を既に給付します。\n診断・治療給付、待機期間、再発、上皮内がん。\nがん保険は同一ではなく、名称でなく支払事由を比較します。\n診断一時金は柔軟性、治療給付は反復治療を支えます。\n上皮内がんは商品により減額または不支給のことがあります。\n高額療養費が保険診療の対象自己負担を既に抑えます。\n一時金型と治療型の設計\n大きな診断一時金・継続的な治療給付・その両方のどれを求めるかを決め、再発間隔と、外来治療や先進医療技術料が含まれるかを確認します。待機期間の起算点も確認します。","url":"/ja/insurance/cancer-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:critical-illness-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:critical-illness-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"三大疾病・重大疾病保険","plainText":"三大疾病保険は所定のがん・急性心筋梗塞・脳卒中（場合により他疾病）に一時金支払や保険料払込免除を行いますが、診断だけでは不十分なことがあり、約款の医学的定義が優先します。\nがん・脳卒中・心筋梗塞の定義、支払事由、保険料払込免除。\n心筋梗塞・脳卒中は手術・所定の治療・後遺症を要することが多いです。\n日常的な意味と約款の医学的定義は異なります。\n一時金は返済・休職・リハビリ・住宅改修に充てられます。\n支払条件を商品間で丁寧に比較します。\n医学的定義を読む\n支払の引き金が、診断名・所定の手術・入院・症状の継続のいずれかを正確に確認します。同名の商品でも支払条件は大きく異なり得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/critical-illness-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cancer-insurance-japan","guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"三大疾病保険は所定のがん・急性心筋梗塞・脳卒中（場合により他疾病）に一時金支払や保険料払込免除を行いますが、診断だけでは不十分なことがあり、約款の医学的定義が優先します。\nがん・脳卒中・心筋梗塞の定義、支払事由、保険料払込免除。\n心筋梗塞・脳卒中は手術・所定の治療・後遺症を要することが多いです。\n日常的な意味と約款の医学的定義は異なります。\n一時金は返済・休職・リハビリ・住宅改修に充てられます。\n支払条件を商品間で丁寧に比較します。\n医学的定義を読む\n支払の引き金が、診断名・所定の手術・入院・症状の継続のいずれかを正確に確認します。同名の商品でも支払条件は大きく異なり得ます。","url":"/ja/insurance/critical-illness-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"引受基準緩和型と既往症","plainText":"引受基準緩和型は告知が少なく、既往症のある人も加入し得ますが、通常は割増で、初期の一定期間は給付が削減されることがあり、「入りやすい」はあらゆる症状が補償される意味ではありません。\n加入条件・簡易告知・割増・初期の給付削減・検討のタイミング。\nまず標準の引受や事前査定を試します。\n保険料は通常高く、初期給付が半減する場合があります。\n既往症や関連合併症は依然除外され得ます。\n勤務先の団体保険が代替経路になり得ます。\n試す順序\n標準引受を試し、事前査定を依頼し、団体保険を検討し、その上で緩和型を比較します。割増や給付削減期間と、より大きな貯蓄準備を比べます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:underwriting-and-disclosure-japan","guide:insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"引受基準緩和型は告知が少なく、既往症のある人も加入し得ますが、通常は割増で、初期の一定期間は給付が削減されることがあり、「入りやすい」はあらゆる症状が補償される意味ではありません。\n加入条件・簡易告知・割増・初期の給付削減・検討のタイミング。\nまず標準の引受や事前査定を試します。\n保険料は通常高く、初期給付が半減する場合があります。\n既往症や関連合併症は依然除外され得ます。\n勤務先の団体保険が代替経路になり得ます。\n試す順序\n標準引受を試し、事前査定を依頼し、団体保険を検討し、その上で緩和型を比較します。割増や給付削減期間と、より大きな貯蓄準備を比べます。","url":"/ja/insurance/relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"貯蓄型・個人年金・学資保険","plainText":"貯蓄型生命保険・個人年金・学資保険は保障と積立を組み合わせますが、利回りは条件付き、流動性は低く、早期解約は元本割れし得ます。購入前にNISA・iDeCo・預金と比較します。\n保障＋貯蓄の設計、設計書、流動性、解約リスク、代替手段。\n例示の「返戻率」だけでなく保証値で判断します。\n外貨建ては為替とスプレッドのリスクを加えます。\n学資保険は払込免除を加えますが流動性・成長は限定的です。\n通常は基本保障と緊急資金が先です。\n資金を固定する前に比較\n掲載の設計書は年齢・払込期間・解約時期・通貨・前提に依存し、あなたへの見積りではありません。流動性・手数料・保証・インフレ・税をNISA・iDeCo・預金と比較してから、流動性の低い契約に資金を固定します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"貯蓄型生命保険・個人年金・学資保険は保障と積立を組み合わせますが、利回りは条件付き、流動性は低く、早期解約は元本割れし得ます。購入前にNISA・iDeCo・預金と比較します。\n保障＋貯蓄の設計、設計書、流動性、解約リスク、代替手段。\n例示の「返戻率」だけでなく保証値で判断します。\n外貨建ては為替とスプレッドのリスクを加えます。\n学資保険は払込免除を加えますが流動性・成長は限定的です。\n通常は基本保障と緊急資金が先です。\n資金を固定する前に比較\n掲載の設計書は年齢・払込期間・解約時期・通貨・前提に依存し、あなたへの見積りではありません。流動性・手数料・保証・インフレ・税をNISA・iDeCo・預金と比較してから、流動性の低い契約に資金を固定します。","url":"/ja/insurance/savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:car-insurance-coverage-builder-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:car-insurance-coverage-builder-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"自動車保険の組み立て方","plainText":"堅実な任意自動車保険は通常、対人・対物賠償を無制限にし、搭乗者傷害と弁護士費用を加え、その上で車両損害と運転者範囲を車と家族に合わせて選びます。\n賠償・搭乗者・車両・運転者範囲・免責・弁護士費用・ロードサービス。\n自賠責だけでは不十分で、被害者の対人損害のみを限定的に補償します。\n対人・対物は無制限にします。重大な賠償は上限を超え得ます。\n車両保険は車の価値と買い替え力で選びます。\n運転者範囲・年齢条件・業務使用を実態に合わせます。\n価格でなく不足から組む\n自賠責を超える賠償から始め、搭乗者の傷害を加え、価値と免責で車両損害を選び、過失争いは交渉を超え得るため弁護士費用を加え、運転者と通勤・配達使用を確認します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/car-insurance-coverage-builder-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:auto-insurance-japan","guide:insurance-single-employee-20s-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国土交通省","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jidosha/anzen/04relief/jibai/insurance.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jidosha/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"堅実な任意自動車保険は通常、対人・対物賠償を無制限にし、搭乗者傷害と弁護士費用を加え、その上で車両損害と運転者範囲を車と家族に合わせて選びます。\n賠償・搭乗者・車両・運転者範囲・免責・弁護士費用・ロードサービス。\n自賠責だけでは不十分で、被害者の対人損害のみを限定的に補償します。\n対人・対物は無制限にします。重大な賠償は上限を超え得ます。\n車両保険は車の価値と買い替え力で選びます。\n運転者範囲・年齢条件・業務使用を実態に合わせます。\n価格でなく不足から組む\n自賠責を超える賠償から始め、搭乗者の傷害を加え、価値と免責で車両損害を選び、過失争いは交渉を超え得るため弁護士費用を加え、運転者と通勤・配達使用を確認します。","url":"/ja/insurance/car-insurance-coverage-builder-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:bicycle-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:bicycle-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"自転車保険","plainText":"自転車保険は通常、走行中に他人へ与えた傷害・物損の個人賠償を提供します。東京都をはじめ多くの自治体が対象の自転車利用者に賠償保険の加入を義務付けていますが、自動車・火災・カード・共済で既に付いている場合があります。\n賠償・自己の傷害・弁護士費用・自治体の義務・重複補償。\n中心の必要は賠償で、子どもの事故が高額請求になり得ます。\n東京都や多くの都道府県が自転車の賠償保険を義務化しています。\nまず自動車・火災・借家・カード・共済の個人賠償を確認します。\n自己の傷害・弁護士費用・ロードサービスは任意の上乗せです。\n二重加入を避ける\n単体の自転車保険を買う前に、自動車・火災・借家・カード・勤務先・学校・共済の世帯個人賠償特約が既に自治体の要件を満たしていないか確認します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/bicycle-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"東京都","url":"https://www.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"自転車保険は通常、走行中に他人へ与えた傷害・物損の個人賠償を提供します。東京都をはじめ多くの自治体が対象の自転車利用者に賠償保険の加入を義務付けていますが、自動車・火災・カード・共済で既に付いている場合があります。\n賠償・自己の傷害・弁護士費用・自治体の義務・重複補償。\n中心の必要は賠償で、子どもの事故が高額請求になり得ます。\n東京都や多くの都道府県が自転車の賠償保険を義務化しています。\nまず自動車・火災・借家・カード・共済の個人賠償を確認します。\n自己の傷害・弁護士費用・ロードサービスは任意の上乗せです。\n二重加入を避ける\n単体の自転車保険を買う前に、自動車・火災・借家・カード・勤務先・学校・共済の世帯個人賠償特約が既に自治体の要件を満たしていないか確認します。","url":"/ja/insurance/bicycle-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"個人賠償責任保険","plainText":"個人賠償責任は、子どもの破損・自転車事故・一部の漏水など日常生活の法律上の賠償を補償し、世帯で1契約・1特約あれば家族全員に足りることが多いです。\n自転車・子ども・ペット・漏水などの世帯補償と免責。\n1つの世帯契約で通常家族全員を補償します。\n自動車・火災・カードに安価な特約として付くことが多いです。\n業務・専門職賠償・故意は除外されます。\n同居家族の定義と、家族間賠償の扱いを確認します。\n1特約で世帯全体\n個人賠償特約は安価で広いため、多くの家族に1つで足ります。ただし同居家族の定義・限度額・弁護士費用の有無・自転車やペット関連賠償の補償を確認します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/personal-liability-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:bicycle-insurance-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"個人賠償責任は、子どもの破損・自転車事故・一部の漏水など日常生活の法律上の賠償を補償し、世帯で1契約・1特約あれば家族全員に足りることが多いです。\n自転車・子ども・ペット・漏水などの世帯補償と免責。\n1つの世帯契約で通常家族全員を補償します。\n自動車・火災・カードに安価な特約として付くことが多いです。\n業務・専門職賠償・故意は除外されます。\n同居家族の定義と、家族間賠償の扱いを確認します。\n1特約で世帯全体\n個人賠償特約は安価で広いため、多くの家族に1つで足ります。ただし同居家族の定義・限度額・弁護士費用の有無・自転車やペット関連賠償の補償を確認します。","url":"/ja/insurance/personal-liability-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:fire-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:fire-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"火災保険","plainText":"火災保険は火災・落雷・風災・水濡れなど選んだ危険を補償しますが、水災・破損・地震は別補償で、地震による火災は火災保険だけでは補償されません。\n補償対象・任意補償・免責事由・免責金額・評価。\n補償はモジュール式で、水災・破損は初期設定で外れることがあります。\n建物は土地や売却価値でなく再調達価額で保険を付けます。\n家財は部屋ごとの現在の再調達価額を反映させます。\n地震損害には別途、地震保険の付帯が必要です。\n災害に合わせて補償を選ぶ\nハザードマップで水災・高潮・土砂・河川リスクを確認し、水災や破損を含めるか判断します。価格比較の前に免責金額と建物・家財の評価方法を確認します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/fire-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-earthquake-insurance-japan","guide:fire-vs-earthquake-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"国土交通省","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"火災保険は火災・落雷・風災・水濡れなど選んだ危険を補償しますが、水災・破損・地震は別補償で、地震による火災は火災保険だけでは補償されません。\n補償対象・任意補償・免責事由・免責金額・評価。\n補償はモジュール式で、水災・破損は初期設定で外れることがあります。\n建物は土地や売却価値でなく再調達価額で保険を付けます。\n家財は部屋ごとの現在の再調達価額を反映させます。\n地震損害には別途、地震保険の付帯が必要です。\n災害に合わせて補償を選ぶ\nハザードマップで水災・高潮・土砂・河川リスクを確認し、水災や破損を含めるか判断します。価格比較の前に免責金額と建物・家財の評価方法を確認します。","url":"/ja/insurance/fire-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:earthquake-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:earthquake-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"地震保険","plainText":"地震保険は火災保険に付帯する官民の保険で、火災保険金額の30〜50%（建物5,000万円・家財1,000万円が上限）に制限され、法定の損害区分で支払われるため、全額再建ではなく生活再建を支えます。\n火災保険への付帯・保険金額・損害区分・官民の仕組み。\n単独では加入できず、火災保険に付帯します。\n火災保険は地震による火災を補償せず、地震保険が補います。\n保険金額は火災保険金額に対して制限されます。\n請求は全額修理費でなく法定の損害区分で判定します。\n制度の目的\n地震保険は、地震・噴火・津波の後に生活を再建するための生活再建の保険であり、完全な再建を保証するものではありません。請求のためだけに罹災証明が必要になることは通常ありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/earthquake-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fire-insurance-japan","guide:fire-vs-earthquake-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"財務省","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/policy/financial_system/earthquake_insurance/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本地震再保険株式会社","url":"https://www.nihonjishin.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"地震保険は火災保険に付帯する官民の保険で、火災保険金額の30〜50%（建物5,000万円・家財1,000万円が上限）に制限され、法定の損害区分で支払われるため、全額再建ではなく生活再建を支えます。\n火災保険への付帯・保険金額・損害区分・官民の仕組み。\n単独では加入できず、火災保険に付帯します。\n火災保険は地震による火災を補償せず、地震保険が補います。\n保険金額は火災保険金額に対して制限されます。\n請求は全額修理費でなく法定の損害区分で判定します。\n制度の目的\n地震保険は、地震・噴火・津波の後に生活を再建するための生活再建の保険であり、完全な再建を保証するものではありません。請求のためだけに罹災証明が必要になることは通常ありません。","url":"/ja/insurance/earthquake-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:renter-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:renter-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"賃貸住宅の保険","plainText":"賃貸の保険は家財補償・貸主への借家人賠償・個人賠償を組み合わせます。多くの賃貸契約で必須で、貸主が求める限度額を確認し、既に持つ個人賠償特約との重複を避けます。\n家財・借家人賠償・個人賠償・原状回復・貸主の要件。\n家財補償だけでは貸主の建物の損害は支払われません。\n借家人賠償は賃貸契約上の所定の損害に対応します。\n個人賠償は漏水など日常の対人・対物賠償を補償します。\n家財の地震補償は特約で追加できます。\n1つでなく3つの補償\n家財（自分の持ち物）・借家人賠償（貸主に負う損害）・個人賠償（他人への損害）を分けて考えます。貸主の必要限度額と、既存の個人賠償特約で一部が不要にならないかを確認します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/renter-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:insurance-renters-japan","guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"賃貸の保険は家財補償・貸主への借家人賠償・個人賠償を組み合わせます。多くの賃貸契約で必須で、貸主が求める限度額を確認し、既に持つ個人賠償特約との重複を避けます。\n家財・借家人賠償・個人賠償・原状回復・貸主の要件。\n家財補償だけでは貸主の建物の損害は支払われません。\n借家人賠償は賃貸契約上の所定の損害に対応します。\n個人賠償は漏水など日常の対人・対物賠償を補償します。\n家財の地震補償は特約で追加できます。\n1つでなく3つの補償\n家財（自分の持ち物）・借家人賠償（貸主に負う損害）・個人賠償（他人への損害）を分けて考えます。貸主の必要限度額と、既存の個人賠償特約で一部が不要にならないかを確認します。","url":"/ja/insurance/renter-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:travel-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:travel-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"旅行保険","plainText":"旅行保険は海外での治療・緊急移送・取消・賠償・携行品を補償します。限度は渡航先とリスクで選びます。海外の高額な治療・移送費は破滅的になり得るため、確認しない限りカード付帯に頼らないでください。\n治療・救援・取消・賠償・携行品・遅延・アシスタンス。\n高額な渡航先ほど治療・移送の限度が最重要です。\n既往症や通常の妊娠は通常除外されます。\n取消は所定の事由が必要で、気変わりは対象外です。\nカード付帯は補完的・限定的・利用条件付きのことがあります。\n渡航先で限度を選ぶ\n治療費300万円の限度は、医療が高額な地域や移送が必要な場合に不足し得ます。限度を渡航先と活動に合わせ、カード保険は毎回確認する補完と考え、代替にしないでください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/travel-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:credit-card-travel-insurance-japan","guide:travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"旅行保険は海外での治療・緊急移送・取消・賠償・携行品を補償します。限度は渡航先とリスクで選びます。海外の高額な治療・移送費は破滅的になり得るため、確認しない限りカード付帯に頼らないでください。\n治療・救援・取消・賠償・携行品・遅延・アシスタンス。\n高額な渡航先ほど治療・移送の限度が最重要です。\n既往症や通常の妊娠は通常除外されます。\n取消は所定の事由が必要で、気変わりは対象外です。\nカード付帯は補完的・限定的・利用条件付きのことがあります。\n渡航先で限度を選ぶ\n治療費300万円の限度は、医療が高額な地域や移送が必要な場合に不足し得ます。限度を渡航先と活動に合わせ、カード保険は毎回確認する補完と考え、代替にしないでください。","url":"/ja/insurance/travel-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:credit-card-travel-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:credit-card-travel-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"クレジットカード付帯の旅行保険","plainText":"カード付帯の旅行保険は自動付帯か利用付帯かが分かれ、本人のみ・低い治療限度・取消なしのことがあります。発行会社は旅程と無関係に適用条件や限度を変えるため、毎回、最新の付帯条件を確認します。\n自動付帯と利用付帯、治療限度、適用条件、家族補償。\n利用付帯は、対象の旅行費用をそのカードで支払った場合のみ適用されます。\n治療限度は単体の旅行保険よりはるかに低いことがあります。\n家族は対象外のことがあり、付帯条件で確認します。\n内容は変わり得るため、発行時でなく毎回出発前に確認します。\n毎回、付帯条件を読む\n適用条件（どの支払で有効になるか）、被保険者、旅行日数、海外治療・移送の限度、取消の有無を確認します。カードの限度が低い場合は、不足分を単体保険で補います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/credit-card-travel-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:travel-insurance-japan","guide:travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"カード付帯の旅行保険は自動付帯か利用付帯かが分かれ、本人のみ・低い治療限度・取消なしのことがあります。発行会社は旅程と無関係に適用条件や限度を変えるため、毎回、最新の付帯条件を確認します。\n自動付帯と利用付帯、治療限度、適用条件、家族補償。\n利用付帯は、対象の旅行費用をそのカードで支払った場合のみ適用されます。\n治療限度は単体の旅行保険よりはるかに低いことがあります。\n家族は対象外のことがあり、付帯条件で確認します。\n内容は変わり得るため、発行時でなく毎回出発前に確認します。\n毎回、付帯条件を読む\n適用条件（どの支払で有効になるか）、被保険者、旅行日数、海外治療・移送の限度、取消の有無を確認します。カードの限度が低い場合は、不足分を単体保険で補います。","url":"/ja/insurance/credit-card-travel-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:pet-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:pet-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ペット保険","plainText":"ペット保険は対象の動物病院費用を一定割合（一般に50%か70%）で補償し、加入年齢制限・病気やがんの待機期間・年間や日額の限度・免責・既往症の除外が適用されます。\n補償割合・限度・免責・年齢・待機期間・除外。\n病気になる前に加入します。既往症は除外されます。\n補償割合・年間や日額の限度・免責をまとめて比較します。\n待機期間（病気30日・がん90日が多い）は会社で異なります。\n動物病院での直接精算は便利ですが全社ではありません。\n50%か70%か、細部を読む\n70%が50%より必ず良いとは限りません。保険料・免責・年間限度・年齢での再算定・対象疾患・請求頻度を総合します。ペット保険を専用の治療費積立と比較します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/pet-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan","guide:insurance-pet-owners-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"ペット保険は対象の動物病院費用を一定割合（一般に50%か70%）で補償し、加入年齢制限・病気やがんの待機期間・年間や日額の限度・免責・既往症の除外が適用されます。\n補償割合・限度・免責・年齢・待機期間・除外。\n病気になる前に加入します。既往症は除外されます。\n補償割合・年間や日額の限度・免責をまとめて比較します。\n待機期間（病気30日・がん90日が多い）は会社で異なります。\n動物病院での直接精算は便利ですが全社ではありません。\n50%か70%か、細部を読む\n70%が50%より必ず良いとは限りません。保険料・免責・年間限度・年齢での再算定・対象疾患・請求頻度を総合します。ペット保険を専用の治療費積立と比較します。","url":"/ja/insurance/pet-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:device-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:device-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"スマホ・端末保険","plainText":"端末保険はプランに応じ、破損・故障・水濡れ・盗難後の修理・交換を補償します。「紛失」は明記された場合のみ対象で、メーカー・キャリア・カード・住宅保険と重複することがあります。\n破損・故障・水濡れ・盗難・紛失・免責・重複。\n多くのプランは、証明ある盗難と原因不明の紛失を区別します。\n免責・端末の古さ・交換評価が支払を制限します。\nキャリア・カード・住宅保険が既に盗難・破損を補償することがあります。\n外観の傷・バッテリー・付属品は除外されがちです。\nまず重複を確認\n端末保険を買う前に、キャリアのプラン・カードの購入保険・住宅家財保険が既に破損や盗難を補償していないか確認し、プランの「紛失」の定義を正確に確認します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/device-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:duplicate-coverage-japan","guide:how-insurance-works-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"端末保険はプランに応じ、破損・故障・水濡れ・盗難後の修理・交換を補償します。「紛失」は明記された場合のみ対象で、メーカー・キャリア・カード・住宅保険と重複することがあります。\n破損・故障・水濡れ・盗難・紛失・免責・重複。\n多くのプランは、証明ある盗難と原因不明の紛失を区別します。\n免責・端末の古さ・交換評価が支払を制限します。\nキャリア・カード・住宅保険が既に盗難・破損を補償することがあります。\n外観の傷・バッテリー・付属品は除外されがちです。\nまず重複を確認\n端末保険を買う前に、キャリアのプラン・カードの購入保険・住宅家財保険が既に破損や盗難を補償していないか確認し、プランの「紛失」の定義を正確に確認します。","url":"/ja/insurance/device-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:freelancer-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:freelancer-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスの保険","plainText":"フリーランスは傷病手当金・有給・雇用保険・通常の労災がないため、通常はより大きな緊急資金に加え、所得補償・専門職賠償、そして2024年以降は対象なら労災の特別加入が必要になります。\n所得・賠償・サイバー・機材・労災特別加入・休業。\n傷病手当金がなく、短期の収入不足が大きくなります。\n2024年以降、対象業務は承認団体を通じ労災に特別加入できます。\n専門職賠償・サイバー・機材補償が顧客・データのリスクに合います。\n小さな保険の積み増しより、大きな緊急資金が有利なことが多いです。\n公的・貯蓄・民間の順に重ねる\n国保・国民年金・高額療養費を確認し、療養収入の不足に緊急資金を用意し、労災の特別加入を検討し、その上で業務に応じて所得補償・専門職賠償・サイバー・休業補償を加えます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/freelancer-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:insurance-freelancers-japan","guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/tokubetu.html","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"フリーランスは傷病手当金・有給・雇用保険・通常の労災がないため、通常はより大きな緊急資金に加え、所得補償・専門職賠償、そして2024年以降は対象なら労災の特別加入が必要になります。\n所得・賠償・サイバー・機材・労災特別加入・休業。\n傷病手当金がなく、短期の収入不足が大きくなります。\n2024年以降、対象業務は承認団体を通じ労災に特別加入できます。\n専門職賠償・サイバー・機材補償が顧客・データのリスクに合います。\n小さな保険の積み増しより、大きな緊急資金が有利なことが多いです。\n公的・貯蓄・民間の順に重ねる\n国保・国民年金・高額療養費を確認し、療養収入の不足に緊急資金を用意し、労災の特別加入を検討し、その上で業務に応じて所得補償・専門職賠償・サイバー・休業補償を加えます。","url":"/ja/insurance/freelancer-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:small-business-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:small-business-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"小規模事業者の保険","plainText":"小規模事業者はまず従業員の法定義務を満たし、次に巨大賠償・店舗と財物・事業継続・サイバーとデータ・重要人物を保険にします。補償は業種・売上・契約・データ管理に合わせます。\n財物・賠償・サイバー・休業・従業員・経営者・役員賠償。\n任意の企業保険より、従業員の法定制度が先です。\n巨額の対人・製造物賠償は優先度が高いです。\nサイバー・休業・経営者保険が継続リスクに合います。\n顧客・金融機関が契約上求める補償に合わせます。\n優先順位で保険を付ける\n従業員の法定義務、巨大賠償、店舗・財物、事業継続、サイバー・データ、重要人物、最後に顧客契約や融資が求めるリスクの順に補償します。特殊・多国籍のリスクには保険ブローカーが役立ちます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/small-business-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:freelancer-insurance-japan","guide:mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"小規模事業者はまず従業員の法定義務を満たし、次に巨大賠償・店舗と財物・事業継続・サイバーとデータ・重要人物を保険にします。補償は業種・売上・契約・データ管理に合わせます。\n財物・賠償・サイバー・休業・従業員・経営者・役員賠償。\n任意の企業保険より、従業員の法定制度が先です。\n巨額の対人・製造物賠償は優先度が高いです。\nサイバー・休業・経営者保険が継続リスクに合います。\n顧客・金融機関が契約上求める補償に合わせます。\n優先順位で保険を付ける\n従業員の法定義務、巨大賠償、店舗・財物、事業継続、サイバー・データ、重要人物、最後に顧客契約や融資が求めるリスクの順に補償します。特殊・多国籍のリスクには保険ブローカーが役立ちます。","url":"/ja/insurance/small-business-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:duplicate-coverage-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:duplicate-coverage-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"重複保険の見つけ方と解消","plainText":"個人賠償・自転車・旅行・端末補償は、自動車・火災・カード・勤務先・共済で重複しがちです。棚卸しをすれば、実際の保障を失わずに不要な特約を解約できます。\n個人賠償・自転車・旅行・端末・勤務先・カード補償の重複。\n個人賠償特約は最も重複しやすい補償です。\nカード・勤務先給付は旅行・端末補償と重なりがちです。\n重複しても通常は二重に支払われず、保険料の無駄になります。\nリスクごとに十分な1契約を残し、残りは解約します。\n1枚の棚卸し表\nすべての契約・特約・カード付帯・勤務先や共済の補償を、対応するリスクごとに一覧にします。同じ賠償を2つが補償する場合、限度と条件の良い方を残し、重複を解約します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/duplicate-coverage-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:annual-insurance-review-japan","guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"個人賠償・自転車・旅行・端末補償は、自動車・火災・カード・勤務先・共済で重複しがちです。棚卸しをすれば、実際の保障を失わずに不要な特約を解約できます。\n個人賠償・自転車・旅行・端末・勤務先・カード補償の重複。\n個人賠償特約は最も重複しやすい補償です。\nカード・勤務先給付は旅行・端末補償と重なりがちです。\n重複しても通常は二重に支払われず、保険料の無駄になります。\nリスクごとに十分な1契約を残し、残りは解約します。\n1枚の棚卸し表\nすべての契約・特約・カード付帯・勤務先や共済の補償を、対応するリスクごとに一覧にします。同じ賠償を2つが補償する場合、限度と条件の良い方を残し、重複を解約します。","url":"/ja/insurance/duplicate-coverage-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:term-vs-whole-life-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"定期保険と終身保険の比較","plainText":"定期は一時的な収入の必要に安く通常は解約返戻金がなく、終身は高いが一生涯続き解約返戻金を持ち得ます。多くの家庭は扶養期間に大きな定期を、生涯続く必要がある場合のみ小さな終身を組み合わせます。\n目的・保険料・更新・解約返戻金・長期コストの比較。\n定期：低保険料・一定期間・返戻金わずか・年齢更新。\n終身：高保険料・一生涯・解約返戻金あり得る。\n初年度が最安でも長期で最も高くなり得ます。\n大きな定期＋小さな終身が効率的な定番構成です。\n全期間のコストで比較\n初年度保険料だけで比べません。実際に保障が必要な期間の総コストを、定期は更新時の再算定、終身は保証解約返戻金を含めて試算し、一時的か生涯かの必要に合わせます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/term-vs-whole-life-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:term-life-insurance-japan","guide:whole-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"定期は一時的な収入の必要に安く通常は解約返戻金がなく、終身は高いが一生涯続き解約返戻金を持ち得ます。多くの家庭は扶養期間に大きな定期を、生涯続く必要がある場合のみ小さな終身を組み合わせます。\n目的・保険料・更新・解約返戻金・長期コストの比較。\n定期：低保険料・一定期間・返戻金わずか・年齢更新。\n終身：高保険料・一生涯・解約返戻金あり得る。\n初年度が最安でも長期で最も高くなり得ます。\n大きな定期＋小さな終身が効率的な定番構成です。\n全期間のコストで比較\n初年度保険料だけで比べません。実際に保障が必要な期間の総コストを、定期は更新時の再算定、終身は保証解約返戻金を含めて試算し、一時的か生涯かの必要に合わせます。","url":"/ja/insurance/term-vs-whole-life-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:fire-vs-earthquake-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:fire-vs-earthquake-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"火災保険と地震保険の比較","plainText":"火災保険は火災と選んだ危険を補償しますが地震による火災は対象外です。地震保険は火災保険に付帯し火災保険金額の30〜50%が上限で、法定の損害区分で支払われます。両者でも住宅を全額再建できない場合があります。\n支払事由・限度・地震火災・津波・再建の不足。\n火災保険は地震・噴火・津波の損害を補償しません。\n地震による火災には火災保険でなく地震保険が必要です。\n地震保険金額は火災保険金額に対して上限があります。\nいずれも大規模災害後の全額再建を保証しません。\n通常は両方必要な理由\n火災保険は日常の財物危険、地震保険は火災保険が除外する地震損害を扱います。地震保険金額を決め、法定の損害区分を理解し、上限が残す再建の不足に備えて貯蓄を計画します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/fire-vs-earthquake-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fire-insurance-japan","guide:earthquake-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"財務省","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/policy/financial_system/earthquake_insurance/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"火災保険は火災と選んだ危険を補償しますが地震による火災は対象外です。地震保険は火災保険に付帯し火災保険金額の30〜50%が上限で、法定の損害区分で支払われます。両者でも住宅を全額再建できない場合があります。\n支払事由・限度・地震火災・津波・再建の不足。\n火災保険は地震・噴火・津波の損害を補償しません。\n地震による火災には火災保険でなく地震保険が必要です。\n地震保険金額は火災保険金額に対して上限があります。\nいずれも大規模災害後の全額再建を保証しません。\n通常は両方必要な理由\n火災保険は日常の財物危険、地震保険は火災保険が除外する地震損害を扱います。地震保険金額を決め、法定の損害区分を理解し、上限が残す再建の不足に備えて貯蓄を計画します。","url":"/ja/insurance/fire-vs-earthquake-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"旅行保険とカード付帯保険の比較","plainText":"単体の旅行保険は高く予測可能な治療・移送限度と取消補償を提供します。カード保険は便利ですが利用付帯・本人のみ・低限度・変更ありのことがあり、毎回確認する補完として使います。\n適用条件・限度・期間・家族・取消・不足。\n単体保険は通常、治療・移送の限度が高いです。\nカード補償は対象の支払で有効になる場合があります。\n家族補償や取消がカードにはないことがあります。\nカード内容は変わるため、毎回付帯条件を確認します。\n併用しつつ確認\nカードの付帯条件・被保険者・限度を確認し、不足を単体保険で補います。特に高額な渡航先の治療・移送・取消を重視します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:travel-insurance-japan","guide:credit-card-travel-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"単体の旅行保険は高く予測可能な治療・移送限度と取消補償を提供します。カード保険は便利ですが利用付帯・本人のみ・低限度・変更ありのことがあり、毎回確認する補完として使います。\n適用条件・限度・期間・家族・取消・不足。\n単体保険は通常、治療・移送の限度が高いです。\nカード補償は対象の支払で有効になる場合があります。\n家族補償や取消がカードにはないことがあります。\nカード内容は変わるため、毎回付帯条件を確認します。\n併用しつつ確認\nカードの付帯条件・被保険者・限度を確認し、不足を単体保険で補います。特に高額な渡航先の治療・移送・取消を重視します。","url":"/ja/insurance/travel-vs-credit-card-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"貯蓄型保険とNISAの比較","plainText":"貯蓄型保険は控えめな死亡保障と流動性の低い積立・解約リスクを組み合わせ、NISAは保障なしで柔軟な非課税の投資成長を提供します。多くの人には、安い定期保険とNISA投資を分ける方が明快で安価です。\n流動性・保証・投資リスク・税制・死亡保障。\nNISAの利益は非課税で、資金は流動的です。\n貯蓄型保険は早期解約で元本割れし得ます。\n保険は死亡保障を加え、NISAにはありません。\n定期保険と投資を分ける方が通常は透明です。\n保障と成長は別の役割\n保証値・手数料・流動性・税を比較します。死亡保障が必要なら定期を、成長を求めるならNISAやiDeCoで運用します。束ねるのは、明確な保証や相続目的の限られた場合だけにします。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan","guide:cash-value-and-surrender-value-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"貯蓄型保険は控えめな死亡保障と流動性の低い積立・解約リスクを組み合わせ、NISAは保障なしで柔軟な非課税の投資成長を提供します。多くの人には、安い定期保険とNISA投資を分ける方が明快で安価です。\n流動性・保証・投資リスク・税制・死亡保障。\nNISAの利益は非課税で、資金は流動的です。\n貯蓄型保険は早期解約で元本割れし得ます。\n保険は死亡保障を加え、NISAにはありません。\n定期保険と投資を分ける方が通常は透明です。\n保障と成長は別の役割\n保証値・手数料・流動性・税を比較します。死亡保障が必要なら定期を、成長を求めるならNISAやiDeCoで運用します。束ねるのは、明確な保証や相続目的の限られた場合だけにします。","url":"/ja/insurance/savings-insurance-vs-nisa-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"直販と代理店の比較","plainText":"直販のネット保険は分かりやすい定期・自動車・旅行・ペット・医療や日本語に自信のある人に向き、代理店や乗合代理店は医療の告知・家族保障・複雑な設計に役立ちますが、取扱範囲と報酬の仕組みを確認します。\n価格・助言・契約管理・請求・複雑さの比較。\n直販：見積りが速く選択肢が明確だが人的助言は限定的。\n専属代理店：手厚いが取扱商品が限られる。\n乗合代理店：比較できるが全市場ではない。\n取扱各社と手数料の仕組みを確認します。\n判断に合う経路を選ぶ\n自分で比較できる単純で明確な保障は直販を使います。医療の告知・家族保障・相続設計は代理店を使い、書面の比較と推奨の根拠を求めます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-insurance-quotes-japan","guide:mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"直販のネット保険は分かりやすい定期・自動車・旅行・ペット・医療や日本語に自信のある人に向き、代理店や乗合代理店は医療の告知・家族保障・複雑な設計に役立ちますが、取扱範囲と報酬の仕組みを確認します。\n価格・助言・契約管理・請求・複雑さの比較。\n直販：見積りが速く選択肢が明確だが人的助言は限定的。\n専属代理店：手厚いが取扱商品が限られる。\n乗合代理店：比較できるが全市場ではない。\n取扱各社と手数料の仕組みを確認します。\n判断に合う経路を選ぶ\n自分で比較できる単純で明確な保障は直販を使います。医療の告知・家族保障・相続設計は代理店を使い、書面の比較と推奨の根拠を求めます。","url":"/ja/insurance/direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"共済と民間保険の比較","plainText":"共済（JA・生協・こくみん・都道府県民共済）は簡素で割安な給付が多い一方、上限が低く規制も異なります。共済は民間保険と自動的に同等ではないため、加入資格・上限・継続・保護制度を比較します。\n加入資格・掛金・給付・継続・規制・保護。\n共済の給付・上限は個別設計の保険より低いことがあります。\n加入資格は居住地・勤務先・組合員資格に依存し得ます。\n脱退後の継続を確認する必要があります。\n共済契約は標準の保険契約者保護機構の対象とは限りません。\n運営と上限を比較\n運営・加入資格・剰余金の扱い・給付上限・継続ルール・適用される保護制度を比較します。共済は単純な必要には割安ですが、大きな・特殊なリスクは上限を超え得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:direct-vs-agent-insurance-japan","guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"共済（JA・生協・こくみん・都道府県民共済）は簡素で割安な給付が多い一方、上限が低く規制も異なります。共済は民間保険と自動的に同等ではないため、加入資格・上限・継続・保護制度を比較します。\n加入資格・掛金・給付・継続・規制・保護。\n共済の給付・上限は個別設計の保険より低いことがあります。\n加入資格は居住地・勤務先・組合員資格に依存し得ます。\n脱退後の継続を確認する必要があります。\n共済契約は標準の保険契約者保護機構の対象とは限りません。\n運営と上限を比較\n運営・加入資格・剰余金の扱い・給付上限・継続ルール・適用される保護制度を比較します。共済は単純な必要には割安ですが、大きな・特殊なリスクは上限を超え得ます。","url":"/ja/insurance/mutual-aid-vs-commercial-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ペット保険と治療費積立の比較","plainText":"ペット保険は不確実な治療費を保険料に変えますが既往症を除外し年齢で高くなります。専用の積立は柔軟で条件がない一方、大きな手術やがん治療1回で尽きることがあります。\n予測可能な保険料・除外・年齢での上昇・高額治療。\n保険はまれで高額な治療費に最も有効です。\n既往症・予防的ケアは保険の対象外です。\n保険料は年齢で上がり、積立は上がらないが尽き得ます。\n保険を望むなら早めに加入します。後から既往症は入れられません。\n頻度と重大性で判断\n日常のケアは自己負担できても大手術は無理な場合、少額請求の補償より高限度プランや十分な積立が重要です。年間限度・免責・年齢での再算定・終身継続性を積立と比較します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pet-insurance-japan","guide:over-and-under-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"ペット保険は不確実な治療費を保険料に変えますが既往症を除外し年齢で高くなります。専用の積立は柔軟で条件がない一方、大きな手術やがん治療1回で尽きることがあります。\n予測可能な保険料・除外・年齢での上昇・高額治療。\n保険はまれで高額な治療費に最も有効です。\n既往症・予防的ケアは保険の対象外です。\n保険料は年齢で上がり、積立は上がらないが尽き得ます。\n保険を望むなら早めに加入します。後から既往症は入れられません。\n頻度と重大性で判断\n日常のケアは自己負担できても大手術は無理な場合、少額請求の補償より高限度プランや十分な積立が重要です。年間限度・免責・年齢での再算定・終身継続性を積立と比較します。","url":"/ja/insurance/pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-single-employee-20s-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-single-employee-20s-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"20代の単身会社員の保険","plainText":"単身の会社員は通常、公的保障が手厚いため、優先は緊急資金・借家の家財と個人賠償・控えめな所得補償です。扶養や負債がなければ生命保険の優先度は低いです。\n既存の公的給付・緊急資金・借家・賠償・所得補償。\n健康保険・高額療養費・傷病手当金・障害年金の保障があります。\n任意保険の前に緊急資金を用意します。\n借家の家財と個人賠償は安価で有用です。\n扶養や負債がなければ生命保険は通常不要です。\n優先順位\nまず緊急資金、次に借家の家財と個人賠償、必要時の旅行保険、傷病手当金後の期間を貯蓄で埋められない場合の控えめな所得補償。終身や重い医療特約は見送ります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-single-employee-20s-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:income-protection-japan","guide:insurance-renters-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"全国健康保険協会","url":"https://www.kyoukaikenpo.or.jp/g3/sb3040/r139/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"単身の会社員は通常、公的保障が手厚いため、優先は緊急資金・借家の家財と個人賠償・控えめな所得補償です。扶養や負債がなければ生命保険の優先度は低いです。\n既存の公的給付・緊急資金・借家・賠償・所得補償。\n健康保険・高額療養費・傷病手当金・障害年金の保障があります。\n任意保険の前に緊急資金を用意します。\n借家の家財と個人賠償は安価で有用です。\n扶養や負債がなければ生命保険は通常不要です。\n優先順位\nまず緊急資金、次に借家の家財と個人賠償、必要時の旅行保険、傷病手当金後の期間を貯蓄で埋められない場合の控えめな所得補償。終身や重い医療特約は見送ります。","url":"/ja/insurance/insurance-single-employee-20s-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-family-with-children-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-family-with-children-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"子育て世帯の保険","plainText":"子育て世帯は、遺族年金を差し引いた上で、収入の喪失年数・教育・育児に対して逓減定期や収入保障の死亡保障と障害保障を設計し、包括的な賠償と住宅・地震保険を加えます。学資保険は基本保障の後です。\n遺族年金・教育・育児・障害・定期保険・住宅補償。\n死亡保障は独立までの収入・教育・育児・負債を覆います。\n保険金額を決める前に遺族年金を見積もります。\n障害保障は死亡保障と同等に重要になり得ます。\n包括的な個人賠償と住宅・地震保険を加えます。\n実際の不足に合わせる\n負債・独立までの家計収入・教育費を足し、遺族年金・勤務先給付・資産・配偶者収入を差し引きます。学資保険は、基本の死亡・障害・賠償・住宅補償を整えた後にのみ検討します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-family-with-children-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","guide:term-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本年金機構","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/jukyu/seido/izokunenkin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"子育て世帯は、遺族年金を差し引いた上で、収入の喪失年数・教育・育児に対して逓減定期や収入保障の死亡保障と障害保障を設計し、包括的な賠償と住宅・地震保険を加えます。学資保険は基本保障の後です。\n遺族年金・教育・育児・障害・定期保険・住宅補償。\n死亡保障は独立までの収入・教育・育児・負債を覆います。\n保険金額を決める前に遺族年金を見積もります。\n障害保障は死亡保障と同等に重要になり得ます。\n包括的な個人賠償と住宅・地震保険を加えます。\n実際の不足に合わせる\n負債・独立までの家計収入・教育費を足し、遺族年金・勤務先給付・資産・配偶者収入を差し引きます。学資保険は、基本の死亡・障害・賠償・住宅補償を整えた後にのみ検討します。","url":"/ja/insurance/insurance-family-with-children-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-homeowners-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-homeowners-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"持ち家世帯の保険","plainText":"持ち家世帯は団体信用生命保険を確認し、建物を再調達価額で家財も現実的に保険を付け、ハザードマップから地震・水災の要否を決め、ローン返済に必要な収入を守ります。\n団信・再建・地震・水災・家財・収入リスク。\n住宅ローンに団信が含まれるか確認します。\n建物は土地や売却価値でなく再調達価額で保険を付けます。\n地震・水災は地域のハザードで判断します。\n所得補償は障害後もローン返済を可能にします。\n物件と収入のリスクを重ねる\n団信は死亡時にローンを完済し得ますが日常生活費は賄いません。建物・家財を現実的な金額で、ハザードに応じ地震・水災、個人賠償、障害への所得補償を加えます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-homeowners-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-earthquake-insurance-japan","guide:fire-vs-earthquake-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"財務省","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/policy/financial_system/earthquake_insurance/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"国土交通省","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"持ち家世帯は団体信用生命保険を確認し、建物を再調達価額で家財も現実的に保険を付け、ハザードマップから地震・水災の要否を決め、ローン返済に必要な収入を守ります。\n団信・再建・地震・水災・家財・収入リスク。\n住宅ローンに団信が含まれるか確認します。\n建物は土地や売却価値でなく再調達価額で保険を付けます。\n地震・水災は地域のハザードで判断します。\n所得補償は障害後もローン返済を可能にします。\n物件と収入のリスクを重ねる\n団信は死亡時にローンを完済し得ますが日常生活費は賄いません。建物・家財を現実的な金額で、ハザードに応じ地震・水災、個人賠償、障害への所得補償を加えます。","url":"/ja/insurance/insurance-homeowners-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-renters-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-renters-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"賃貸世帯の保険","plainText":"賃貸世帯は主に家財補償・貸主への借家人賠償・個人賠償が必要です。家財の地震補償を加え、個人賠償特約がカードや自動車保険と重複していないか確認します。\n家財・借家人賠償・個人賠償・自転車・地震補償。\n家財補償は建物でなく自分の持ち物を守ります。\n借家人賠償は貸主に負う損害を補償します。\n個人賠償は日常の対人・対物賠償を補償します。\n購入前に個人賠償特約の重複を確認します。\n必要な限度を確認\n貸主が求める借家人賠償の限度を確認し、地震後に買い直せない家財があれば地震補償を加え、他で持つ個人賠償の二重加入を避けます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-renters-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:renter-insurance-japan","guide:personal-liability-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"賃貸世帯は主に家財補償・貸主への借家人賠償・個人賠償が必要です。家財の地震補償を加え、個人賠償特約がカードや自動車保険と重複していないか確認します。\n家財・借家人賠償・個人賠償・自転車・地震補償。\n家財補償は建物でなく自分の持ち物を守ります。\n借家人賠償は貸主に負う損害を補償します。\n個人賠償は日常の対人・対物賠償を補償します。\n購入前に個人賠償特約の重複を確認します。\n必要な限度を確認\n貸主が求める借家人賠償の限度を確認し、地震後に買い直せない家財があれば地震補償を加え、他で持つ個人賠償の二重加入を避けます。","url":"/ja/insurance/insurance-renters-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-freelancers-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-freelancers-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスの保険（人物別）","plainText":"フリーランスは国保・国民年金・高額療養費はありますが、傷病手当金・有給・雇用保険・通常の労災がないため、より大きな緊急資金・所得補償・労災特別加入・専門職やサイバー補償が重要になります。\n欠ける勤務先給付・所得補償・労災特別加入・専門職リスク。\n傷病手当金がなく短期の収入不足が大きくなります。\n2024年以降、労災の特別加入が利用できる場合があります。\n専門職賠償・サイバー補償が顧客・データのリスクに合います。\nより大きな緊急資金が最も価値の高い一手のことが多いです。\n勤務先給付の穴を埋める\n会社員が持つ給付を洗い出し、重要なものを補います。療養収入の不足への緊急資金、所得補償、対象なら労災特別加入、業務に応じた専門職・サイバー・機材・休業補償です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-freelancers-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:freelancer-insurance-japan","guide:income-protection-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/roudoukijun/rousai/tokubetu.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"フリーランスは国保・国民年金・高額療養費はありますが、傷病手当金・有給・雇用保険・通常の労災がないため、より大きな緊急資金・所得補償・労災特別加入・専門職やサイバー補償が重要になります。\n欠ける勤務先給付・所得補償・労災特別加入・専門職リスク。\n傷病手当金がなく短期の収入不足が大きくなります。\n2024年以降、労災の特別加入が利用できる場合があります。\n専門職賠償・サイバー補償が顧客・データのリスクに合います。\nより大きな緊急資金が最も価値の高い一手のことが多いです。\n勤務先給付の穴を埋める\n会社員が持つ給付を洗い出し、重要なものを補います。療養収入の不足への緊急資金、所得補償、対象なら労災特別加入、業務に応じた専門職・サイバー・機材・休業補償です。","url":"/ja/insurance/insurance-freelancers-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-retirees-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-retirees-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"退職後・高齢期の保険","plainText":"高齢期は公的医療・高額療養費・年金・介護保険があります。優先は現金準備と介護計画、住宅・家財・賠償、明確な目的のための限定的な終身保険、そして年金・外貨建て販売の精査です。\n公的医療・介護・終身保険・年金・詐欺リスク。\n介護・食費・居住費は公的に全額は賄われません。\n終身保険は相続の流動性など明確な目的にだけ。\n年金・外貨建て商品は手数料とリスクを精査します。\n強引・不正な販売に注意します。\n商品より介護と流動性を計画\n現金準備を整え、介護と住宅改修を計画し、住宅・家財・賠償を維持し、終身保険は特定の相続・葬儀目的にだけ使います。年金や外貨建ての提案は、まず預金と公的給付と比較します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-retirees-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:long-term-care-insurance-japan","guide:savings-and-annuity-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/hukushi_kaigo/kaigo_koureisha/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"高齢期は公的医療・高額療養費・年金・介護保険があります。優先は現金準備と介護計画、住宅・家財・賠償、明確な目的のための限定的な終身保険、そして年金・外貨建て販売の精査です。\n公的医療・介護・終身保険・年金・詐欺リスク。\n介護・食費・居住費は公的に全額は賄われません。\n終身保険は相続の流動性など明確な目的にだけ。\n年金・外貨建て商品は手数料とリスクを精査します。\n強引・不正な販売に注意します。\n商品より介護と流動性を計画\n現金準備を整え、介護と住宅改修を計画し、住宅・家財・賠償を維持し、終身保険は特定の相続・葬儀目的にだけ使います。年金や外貨建ての提案は、まず預金と公的給付と比較します。","url":"/ja/insurance/insurance-retirees-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-foreign-residents-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-foreign-residents-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者の保険","plainText":"外国人居住者は要件を満たせば同じ公的制度を使います。追加のリスクは加入ミス・免責の誤解・請求窓口に連絡できないこと・出国です。二言語対応・簡単な商品・翻訳要約・在留と出国ルールの書面確認を重視します。\n公的加入・言語対応・在留ルール・受取人・出国。\n英語の顧客対応が英語の契約を意味するとは限りません。\n理解できない告知書に署名しないでください。\n出国後も契約が続くかを書面で確認します。\n年金・健康保険の加入・納付記録を保管します。\n理解と出国が最重要\n勤務先の福利厚生担当・自治体の多言語窓口・通訳や英語請求対応が明記された保険会社・二言語の相談者を活用します。出国前に、各契約の継続・保険料・通知・請求について書面で回答を得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-foreign-residents-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leaving-japan-insurance-checklist-japan","guide:pension-for-foreign-residents-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true},{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"外国人居住者は要件を満たせば同じ公的制度を使います。追加のリスクは加入ミス・免責の誤解・請求窓口に連絡できないこと・出国です。二言語対応・簡単な商品・翻訳要約・在留と出国ルールの書面確認を重視します。\n公的加入・言語対応・在留ルール・受取人・出国。\n英語の顧客対応が英語の契約を意味するとは限りません。\n理解できない告知書に署名しないでください。\n出国後も契約が続くかを書面で確認します。\n年金・健康保険の加入・納付記録を保管します。\n理解と出国が最重要\n勤務先の福利厚生担当・自治体の多言語窓口・通訳や英語請求対応が明記された保険会社・二言語の相談者を活用します。出国前に、各契約の継続・保険料・通知・請求について書面で回答を得ます。","url":"/ja/insurance/insurance-foreign-residents-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-pet-owners-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-pet-owners-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ペットの飼い主の保険","plainText":"公的な動物医療保険がなく、飼い主は大手術・がん・慢性疾患の費用に直面します。ペット保険を専用の積立と比較し、保険を望むなら既往症が除外されるため病気になる前に加入します。\nペット保険・緊急資金・年齢・犬種・想定治療費。\n日本に公的な動物医療保険はありません。\n保険はまれで高額な治療に最も有効です。\n早めに加入します。既往症は除外されます。\n補償割合・限度・免責・年齢での再算定を比較します。\n保険か積立か\n日常のケアは自己負担できても大手術は無理なら、少額請求の補償より高い年間限度や十分な積立を優先します。保険を選ぶなら若く健康なうちに加入します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-pet-owners-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pet-insurance-japan","guide:pet-insurance-vs-savings-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"公的な動物医療保険がなく、飼い主は大手術・がん・慢性疾患の費用に直面します。ペット保険を専用の積立と比較し、保険を望むなら既往症が除外されるため病気になる前に加入します。\nペット保険・緊急資金・年齢・犬種・想定治療費。\n日本に公的な動物医療保険はありません。\n保険はまれで高額な治療に最も有効です。\n早めに加入します。既往症は除外されます。\n補償割合・限度・免責・年齢での再算定を比較します。\n保険か積立か\n日常のケアは自己負担できても大手術は無理なら、少額請求の補償より高い年間限度や十分な積立を優先します。保険を選ぶなら若く健康なうちに加入します。","url":"/ja/insurance/insurance-pet-owners-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"既往症がある場合の保険","plainText":"公的医療保険は民間の審査なく対象治療を給付します。民間の医療・がん・生命・障害保険は、まず標準引受と事前査定、次に団体保険、その後に緩和型を試し、部位不担保や割増を比較します。\n公的保障・標準引受・部位不担保・団体・緩和型。\n公的医療保障は民間審査の影響を受けません。\n結果は標準引受から部位不担保・割増・謝絶まで様々です。\n緩和型の前に標準引受と事前査定を試します。\n割高な保険の代わりに大きな貯蓄準備も有効です。\n試す順序\n標準引受を試し、事前査定を依頼し、勤務先の団体保険を検討し、その上で緩和型を比較します。割増や初期給付削減と、より大きな緊急資金を比べます。告知は一貫して正確に行います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:relaxed-underwriting-and-pre-existing-japan","guide:underwriting-and-disclosure-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"公的医療保険は民間の審査なく対象治療を給付します。民間の医療・がん・生命・障害保険は、まず標準引受と事前査定、次に団体保険、その後に緩和型を試し、部位不担保や割増を比較します。\n公的保障・標準引受・部位不担保・団体・緩和型。\n公的医療保障は民間審査の影響を受けません。\n結果は標準引受から部位不担保・割増・謝絶まで様々です。\n緩和型の前に標準引受と事前査定を試します。\n割高な保険の代わりに大きな貯蓄準備も有効です。\n試す順序\n標準引受を試し、事前査定を依頼し、勤務先の団体保険を検討し、その上で緩和型を比較します。割増や初期給付削減と、より大きな緊急資金を比べます。告知は一貫して正確に行います。","url":"/ja/insurance/insurance-pre-existing-condition-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本での保険金請求のしかた","plainText":"ほぼ全ての請求で、身の安全と損害拡大防止、関係機関への連絡、保険会社への速やかな通知、証拠収集、事実の経過提出、他の保険の申告、判断の書面受領、紛争の段階的な申立てを行います。\n共通手順：証拠・通知・書類・判断・エスカレーション。\n最終金額が不明でも速やかに通知します。\n請求番号・必要書類・期限を確認します。\n写真・領収書・記録・やり取りを保存します。\n判断と不払いの理由を書面で受け取ります。\n10のステップ\n身の安全を確保し、警察・消防・医療・建物・航空・カードなど関係先へ連絡し、保険会社へ通知し、請求番号と書類を確認し、証拠を保存し、経過を提出し、他の保険を申告し、判断を書面で受け取り、事実誤認は条項を示して反論し、未解決の苦情はエスカレーションします。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/how-to-make-a-claim-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan","guide:insurance-complaints-adr-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true},{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"ほぼ全ての請求で、身の安全と損害拡大防止、関係機関への連絡、保険会社への速やかな通知、証拠収集、事実の経過提出、他の保険の申告、判断の書面受領、紛争の段階的な申立てを行います。\n共通手順：証拠・通知・書類・判断・エスカレーション。\n最終金額が不明でも速やかに通知します。\n請求番号・必要書類・期限を確認します。\n写真・領収書・記録・やり取りを保存します。\n判断と不払いの理由を書面で受け取ります。\n10のステップ\n身の安全を確保し、警察・消防・医療・建物・航空・カードなど関係先へ連絡し、保険会社へ通知し、請求番号と書類を確認し、証拠を保存し、経過を提出し、他の保険を申告し、判断を書面で受け取り、事実誤認は条項を示して反論し、未解決の苦情はエスカレーションします。","url":"/ja/insurance/how-to-make-a-claim-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保険金が支払われない理由","plainText":"事故が免責・定義に該当しない・補償が未開始や失効・限度を超過・重要な告知義務違反のいずれかのとき、保険金は支払われません。約款上の理由を読み、約款と照合します。\n免責・定義・失効・待機期間・限度・不告知。\n不払いは約款上の理由を示す必要があり、書面で受け取ります。\n典型：免責・定義不該当・失効・不告知。\n待機期間や限度超過も支払を妨げます。\n事実誤認は証拠と条項で反論できます。\n理由を約款と照合\n書面の理由と該当条項を入手し、事実が本当に免責に当たるか定義を満たさないかを確認します。事実誤認に基づく場合は、証拠と該当条項で反論してからエスカレーションします。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/why-claims-are-denied-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan","guide:insurance-complaints-adr-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"事故が免責・定義に該当しない・補償が未開始や失効・限度を超過・重要な告知義務違反のいずれかのとき、保険金は支払われません。約款上の理由を読み、約款と照合します。\n免責・定義・失効・待機期間・限度・不告知。\n不払いは約款上の理由を示す必要があり、書面で受け取ります。\n典型：免責・定義不該当・失効・不告知。\n待機期間や限度超過も支払を妨げます。\n事実誤認は証拠と条項で反論できます。\n理由を約款と照合\n書面の理由と該当条項を入手し、事実が本当に免責に当たるか定義を満たさないかを確認します。事実誤認に基づく場合は、証拠と該当条項で反論してからエスカレーションします。","url":"/ja/insurance/why-claims-are-denied-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:insurance-complaints-adr-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-complaints-adr-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保険の苦情とADR","plainText":"段階的に、担当者、保険会社の苦情窓口、代理店の管理者、次に損害保険はそんぽADRセンター・生命保険は生命保険協会のADR、その後に消費生活センター、金融庁、最後に法的手段へ進めます。\n保険会社の苦情窓口・そんぽADR・生保ADR・消費生活・金融庁。\nまず担当者と保険会社の苦情窓口です。\n損害保険はそんぽADR、生命保険は生保協会のADRへ。\n消費生活センターや金融庁も相談先です。\n約款・告知・通知・書面の理由をすべて保管します。\nエスカレーションの順序\n保険会社を関与させたまま順に進め、商品種類に応じた指定ADR機関を使います。約款・注意喚起情報・告知内容・通知・診療や修理の書類・書面の不払い理由をすべて保管します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/insurance-complaints-adr-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:why-claims-are-denied-japan","guide:how-to-make-a-claim-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/about/soudan/","official":true},{"publisher":"一般社団法人 生命保険協会","url":"https://www.seiho.or.jp/contact/","official":true},{"publisher":"独立行政法人 国民生活センター","url":"https://www.kokusen.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"段階的に、担当者、保険会社の苦情窓口、代理店の管理者、次に損害保険はそんぽADRセンター・生命保険は生命保険協会のADR、その後に消費生活センター、金融庁、最後に法的手段へ進めます。\n保険会社の苦情窓口・そんぽADR・生保ADR・消費生活・金融庁。\nまず担当者と保険会社の苦情窓口です。\n損害保険はそんぽADR、生命保険は生保協会のADRへ。\n消費生活センターや金融庁も相談先です。\n約款・告知・通知・書面の理由をすべて保管します。\nエスカレーションの順序\n保険会社を関与させたまま順に進め、商品種類に応じた指定ADR機関を使います。約款・注意喚起情報・告知内容・通知・診療や修理の書類・書面の不払い理由をすべて保管します。","url":"/ja/insurance/insurance-complaints-adr-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:annual-insurance-review-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:annual-insurance-review-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保険の年次見直し","plainText":"結婚・出産・転職・住宅購入・ローン完済・診断・退職・ペット・車の変更・出国の後に見直し、受取人・公的給付・重複補償・評価額・解約が新たな引受問題を生まないかを確認します。\n生活・仕事・住まい・家族・車・在留の変化後に行うチェックリスト。\n受取人と連絡先を更新します。\n公的・勤務先給付と必要な死亡保障を再確認します。\n賠償・旅行・自転車・端末・ペットの重複を探します。\n乗り換え先が開始する前に医療・生命保険を解約しません。\n毎年確認する項目\n受取人、公的・勤務先給付、団信、重複特約、古い運転者・世帯条件、建物・家財の再調達価額、水災・地震の判断、障害の待期、解約返戻金、更新年齢、海外居住、そして解約が新たな引受問題を生まないかを確認します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/annual-insurance-review-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:reviewing-and-replacing-insurance-japan","guide:duplicate-coverage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-30","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"結婚・出産・転職・住宅購入・ローン完済・診断・退職・ペット・車の変更・出国の後に見直し、受取人・公的給付・重複補償・評価額・解約が新たな引受問題を生まないかを確認します。\n生活・仕事・住まい・家族・車・在留の変化後に行うチェックリスト。\n受取人と連絡先を更新します。\n公的・勤務先給付と必要な死亡保障を再確認します。\n賠償・旅行・自転車・端末・ペットの重複を探します。\n乗り換え先が開始する前に医療・生命保険を解約しません。\n毎年確認する項目\n受取人、公的・勤務先給付、団信、重複特約、古い運転者・世帯条件、建物・家財の再調達価額、水災・地震の判断、障害の待期、解約返戻金、更新年齢、海外居住、そして解約が新たな引受問題を生まないかを確認します。","url":"/ja/insurance/annual-insurance-review-japan","updated":"2026-07-30"},{"id":"guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の税金の仕組み","plainText":"日本は2本立てです。国の所得税（源泉徴収され、多くは会社の年末調整で完結）と、稼いだ翌年に請求される地方の住民税。源泉徴収で足りない分は確定申告で精算します。\n国税と地方税、暦年課税、源泉徴収、年末調整、そして翌年課税の住民税。\n国税は中央政府、住民税は都道府県・市区町村の財源です。\n所得税の課税年度は1月1日〜12月31日の暦年です。\n会社は年内に所得税を源泉徴収しますが、これは前払いで最終税額ではありません。\n住民税（約10%）は前年の所得に基づき、翌年6月から徴収されます。\n30万円の所得控除は税額ではなく課税所得を減らします。節税額はおおよそ限界税率×控除額です。\n国税と地方税\n所得は2つの別々の機関が課税します。所得税は国税庁が扱う累進課税です。住民税は市区町村と都道府県が扱い、所得割は原則約10%（東京では都民税4%＋区市町村民税6%）で、均等割と森林環境税が併せて徴収されます。さらに算出所得税額の2.1%にあたる復興特別所得税が2037年まで課されます。\n源泉徴収と年末調整\n会社・年金の支払者・一部の取引先は、支払いの都度、税を源泉徴収します。源泉徴収額が年間の正確な税額と一致することはまれなため、会社は年末調整で多くの会社員の所得税を精算します。ここでの還付は前払いが多すぎただけで、その所得が非課税だった訳ではありません。\n住民税が遅れて来る理由\n住民税は前年の所得に基づいて課税され、翌年6月から翌々年5月まで徴収されます。来日者は1年目の負担が小さく2年目に驚くことが多く、出国者も出国前年の所得に基づく住民税を負担することがあります。この時間差に備えましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/how-taxes-work-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing","faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2260.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"新宿区","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"日本は2本立てです。国の所得税（源泉徴収され、多くは会社の年末調整で完結）と、稼いだ翌年に請求される地方の住民税。源泉徴収で足りない分は確定申告で精算します。\n国税と地方税、暦年課税、源泉徴収、年末調整、そして翌年課税の住民税。\n国税は中央政府、住民税は都道府県・市区町村の財源です。\n所得税の課税年度は1月1日〜12月31日の暦年です。\n会社は年内に所得税を源泉徴収しますが、これは前払いで最終税額ではありません。\n住民税（約10%）は前年の所得に基づき、翌年6月から徴収されます。\n30万円の所得控除は税額ではなく課税所得を減らします。節税額はおおよそ限界税率×控除額です。\n国税と地方税\n所得は2つの別々の機関が課税します。所得税は国税庁が扱う累進課税です。住民税は市区町村と都道府県が扱い、所得割は原則約10%（東京では都民税4%＋区市町村民税6%）で、均等割と森林環境税が併せて徴収されます。さらに算出所得税額の2.1%にあたる復興特別所得税が2037年まで課されます。\n源泉徴収と年末調整\n会社・年金の支払者・一部の取引先は、支払いの都度、税を源泉徴収します。源泉徴収額が年間の正確な税額と一致することはまれなため、会社は年末調整で多くの会社員の所得税を精算します。ここでの還付は前払いが多すぎただけで、その所得が非課税だった訳ではありません。\n住民税が遅れて来る理由\n住民税は前年の所得に基づいて課税され、翌年6月から翌々年5月まで徴収されます。来日者は1年目の負担が小さく2年目に驚くことが多く、出国者も出国前年の所得に基づく住民税を負担することがあります。この時間差に備えましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/how-taxes-work-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の税金の種類","plainText":"所得税・住民税のほかに、消費税、個人事業税、固定資産税・都市計画税、不動産取得税、登録免許税・印紙税、自動車関係税、贈与税・相続税などがあり、それぞれ課税要件と管轄が異なります。\n個人が出会う税金の一覧：所得税・住民税・消費税・事業税・固定資産税・贈与税・相続税など。\n国税：所得税・消費税・登録免許税/印紙税・贈与税・相続税。\n地方税：住民税・事業税・固定資産税/都市計画税・不動産取得税。\n問題の窓口は税目次第（税務署か、市区町村か、都道府県か）。\n個人事業税は法定の業種のみ、290万円程度の事業主控除の後に課税。\n国税\n国税庁は、所得税と2.1%の復興特別所得税、課税取引にかかる消費税、登記等にかかる登録免許税（不動産の登記を含む）、一定の文書にかかる印紙税、そして贈与税・相続税を扱います。これらは国に納付し、争いは税務署が窓口です。\n地方税\n都道府県・市区町村は、住民税（所得割約10%＋均等割）、法定業種にかかる個人事業税（事業主控除は原則年290万円、税率は3%・4%・5%が中心）、土地・家屋・償却資産にかかる固定資産税・都市計画税、不動産取得時の不動産取得税を課します。住民税の通知の誤りは税務署ではなく市区町村で訂正します。\n自動車・贈与・相続\n車の保有には自動車関係税（保有・重量・環境性能）がかかります。年110万円の基礎控除を超える贈与は贈与税の対象になり得ます。基礎控除（3,000万円＋600万円×法定相続人）を超える相続は相続税の対象で、申告期限は10か月です。いずれも事実関係が重要で、専門家の関与が望ましい分野です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/types-of-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan","guide:property-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"新宿区","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"所得税・住民税のほかに、消費税、個人事業税、固定資産税・都市計画税、不動産取得税、登録免許税・印紙税、自動車関係税、贈与税・相続税などがあり、それぞれ課税要件と管轄が異なります。\n個人が出会う税金の一覧：所得税・住民税・消費税・事業税・固定資産税・贈与税・相続税など。\n国税：所得税・消費税・登録免許税/印紙税・贈与税・相続税。\n地方税：住民税・事業税・固定資産税/都市計画税・不動産取得税。\n問題の窓口は税目次第（税務署か、市区町村か、都道府県か）。\n個人事業税は法定の業種のみ、290万円程度の事業主控除の後に課税。\n国税\n国税庁は、所得税と2.1%の復興特別所得税、課税取引にかかる消費税、登記等にかかる登録免許税（不動産の登記を含む）、一定の文書にかかる印紙税、そして贈与税・相続税を扱います。これらは国に納付し、争いは税務署が窓口です。\n地方税\n都道府県・市区町村は、住民税（所得割約10%＋均等割）、法定業種にかかる個人事業税（事業主控除は原則年290万円、税率は3%・4%・5%が中心）、土地・家屋・償却資産にかかる固定資産税・都市計画税、不動産取得時の不動産取得税を課します。住民税の通知の誤りは税務署ではなく市区町村で訂正します。\n自動車・贈与・相続\n車の保有には自動車関係税（保有・重量・環境性能）がかかります。年110万円の基礎控除を超える贈与は贈与税の対象になり得ます。基礎控除（3,000万円＋600万円×法定相続人）を超える相続は相続税の対象で、申告期限は10か月です。いずれも事実関係が重要で、専門家の関与が望ましい分野です。","url":"/ja/tax/types-of-taxes-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の10種類の所得区分","plainText":"日本はすべての収入を10種類の所得区分のいずれかに分類し、契約書の文言ではなく区分が、使える経費・損失や計算方法を決めます。\n給与・事業・雑・不動産・譲渡・配当・利子・退職・山林・一時所得と、区分が重要な理由。\n10区分：利子・配当・不動産・事業・給与・退職・山林・譲渡・一時・雑所得。\n区分は支払者の呼称ではなく実態（継続性・規模・帳簿・営利性）で決まります。\n事業・不動産所得は青色申告の特典や損失の繰越が使え、雑所得は原則使えません。\n一部（上場株式・退職・一定の金融所得）は総合課税ではなく分離課税です。\n10の区分\n法定の区分は、利子所得・配当所得・不動産所得・事業所得・給与所得・退職所得・山林所得・譲渡所得・一時所得・雑所得です。給与所得は実費経費ではなく給与所得控除を用い、事業所得は幅広い必要経費が認められ、退職所得や上場株式の所得は独自の分離計算を使います。\n区分が重要な理由\nクリエイター・アフィリエイター・ネット販売者・コンサル・開発者は、事実関係により給与・事業・雑のいずれにもなり得ます。違いは形式的ではありません。事業所得は青色申告特別控除・専従者給与・（要件を満たせば）3年間の損失繰越が使えますが、雑所得の損失は原則給与と通算できません。副業が継続的・組織的になったら、正しい区分と帳簿を意識的に固めましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/the-10-types-of-income-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1300.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1350.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"日本はすべての収入を10種類の所得区分のいずれかに分類し、契約書の文言ではなく区分が、使える経費・損失や計算方法を決めます。\n給与・事業・雑・不動産・譲渡・配当・利子・退職・山林・一時所得と、区分が重要な理由。\n10区分：利子・配当・不動産・事業・給与・退職・山林・譲渡・一時・雑所得。\n区分は支払者の呼称ではなく実態（継続性・規模・帳簿・営利性）で決まります。\n事業・不動産所得は青色申告の特典や損失の繰越が使え、雑所得は原則使えません。\n一部（上場株式・退職・一定の金融所得）は総合課税ではなく分離課税です。\n10の区分\n法定の区分は、利子所得・配当所得・不動産所得・事業所得・給与所得・退職所得・山林所得・譲渡所得・一時所得・雑所得です。給与所得は実費経費ではなく給与所得控除を用い、事業所得は幅広い必要経費が認められ、退職所得や上場株式の所得は独自の分離計算を使います。\n区分が重要な理由\nクリエイター・アフィリエイター・ネット販売者・コンサル・開発者は、事実関係により給与・事業・雑のいずれにもなり得ます。違いは形式的ではありません。事業所得は青色申告特別控除・専従者給与・（要件を満たせば）3年間の損失繰越が使えますが、雑所得の損失は原則給与と通算できません。副業が継続的・組織的になったら、正しい区分と帳簿を意識的に固めましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/the-10-types-of-income-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の所得税率と税率区分","plainText":"所得税は課税所得（額面ではない）に対し5%〜45%の7段階の累進で、これに2.1%の復興特別所得税が加わり、住民税約10%は別途計算されます。\n7段階の累進税率、復興特別所得税、限界税率と平均税率の違い。\n税率は控除後の課税所得に適用され、額面には適用されません。\n7段階の税率は5・10・20・23・33・40・45%。\n目安の式：税額＝課税所得×税率−区分ごとの控除額。さらに2.1%の復興特別所得税。\n限界税率（次の1円にかかる率）は平均税率（全体の率）より高くなります。\n累進の区分\n課税所得は段階的に課税されます。195万円まで5%、330万円まで10%、695万円まで20%、900万円まで23%、1,800万円まで33%、4,000万円まで40%、4,000万円超で45%です。国税庁の速算表は各税率に控除額を対応させ、1行で計算できます。課税所得700万円なら、700万円×23%−63.6万円＝97.4万円が復興特別所得税・税額控除前の所得税です。\n復興税・住民税・限界税率\n算出した所得税に、2.1%の復興特別所得税（97.4万円なら約20,454円）を加えます。住民税約10%は市区町村のルールで別途計算します。各区分の税率は区分内の所得だけにかかるため、昇給で過去の所得が遡って高い税率になることはなく、各基準を超えた部分にのみ高い税率が適用されます。これが限界税率と平均税率が異なる理由で、控除の節税額がおおよそ限界税率×控除額になる理由です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2260.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"所得税は課税所得（額面ではない）に対し5%〜45%の7段階の累進で、これに2.1%の復興特別所得税が加わり、住民税約10%は別途計算されます。\n7段階の累進税率、復興特別所得税、限界税率と平均税率の違い。\n税率は控除後の課税所得に適用され、額面には適用されません。\n7段階の税率は5・10・20・23・33・40・45%。\n目安の式：税額＝課税所得×税率−区分ごとの控除額。さらに2.1%の復興特別所得税。\n限界税率（次の1円にかかる率）は平均税率（全体の率）より高くなります。\n累進の区分\n課税所得は段階的に課税されます。195万円まで5%、330万円まで10%、695万円まで20%、900万円まで23%、1,800万円まで33%、4,000万円まで40%、4,000万円超で45%です。国税庁の速算表は各税率に控除額を対応させ、1行で計算できます。課税所得700万円なら、700万円×23%−63.6万円＝97.4万円が復興特別所得税・税額控除前の所得税です。\n復興税・住民税・限界税率\n算出した所得税に、2.1%の復興特別所得税（97.4万円なら約20,454円）を加えます。住民税約10%は市区町村のルールで別途計算します。各区分の税率は区分内の所得だけにかかるため、昇給で過去の所得が遡って高い税率になることはなく、各基準を超えた部分にのみ高い税率が適用されます。これが限界税率と平均税率が異なる理由で、控除の節税額がおおよそ限界税率×控除額になる理由です。","url":"/ja/tax/japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return:ja","entityId":"guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"年末調整と確定申告の違い","plainText":"年末調整は会社が支払った給与の所得税を精算する手続き、確定申告は本人がすべての申告対象所得を精算する手続きです。年末調整後でも、副収入・医療費・住宅ローン控除初年度などで確定申告が必要になることがあります。\nそれぞれの対象範囲・実施主体と、年末調整があっても申告が必要な場合。\n年末調整は会社、確定申告は本人（または税理士）が行います。\n年末調整はその会社が扱った給与所得のみが対象です。\n医療費控除、ワンストップを超える寄付、住宅ローン控除初年度は確定申告が必要です。\n年末調整は、未申告の副業・不動産・国外・投資所得を精算しません。\n実施主体と対象\n会社は年末近くの給与処理として年末調整を行います。通常、基礎・配偶者・扶養・社会保険料・生命保険料の各控除を適用し、2年目以降は住宅ローン控除も反映します。確定申告は本人が原則2月16日〜3月15日に行い、事業・不動産の損益、譲渡所得、医療費・寄付金控除、住宅ローン控除初年度、外国税額控除などすべてを対象にします。\n両方が関わる場合\n年末調整を受けても申告が必要なことがあります。20万円超の副収入、2か所給与、多額の医療費、住宅ローン控除初年度のある給与所得者は、会社が作成した源泉徴収票を起点に確定申告します。どちらも万能ではなく、住民税申告・贈与税・消費税は別の義務として残り得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"年末調整は会社が支払った給与の所得税を精算する手続き、確定申告は本人がすべての申告対象所得を精算する手続きです。年末調整後でも、副収入・医療費・住宅ローン控除初年度などで確定申告が必要になることがあります。\nそれぞれの対象範囲・実施主体と、年末調整があっても申告が必要な場合。\n年末調整は会社、確定申告は本人（または税理士）が行います。\n年末調整はその会社が扱った給与所得のみが対象です。\n医療費控除、ワンストップを超える寄付、住宅ローン控除初年度は確定申告が必要です。\n年末調整は、未申告の副業・不動産・国外・投資所得を精算しません。\n実施主体と対象\n会社は年末近くの給与処理として年末調整を行います。通常、基礎・配偶者・扶養・社会保険料・生命保険料の各控除を適用し、2年目以降は住宅ローン控除も反映します。確定申告は本人が原則2月16日〜3月15日に行い、事業・不動産の損益、譲渡所得、医療費・寄付金控除、住宅ローン控除初年度、外国税額控除などすべてを対象にします。\n両方が関わる場合\n年末調整を受けても申告が必要なことがあります。20万円超の副収入、2か所給与、多額の医療費、住宅ローン控除初年度のある給与所得者は、会社が作成した源泉徴収票を起点に確定申告します。どちらも万能ではなく、住民税申告・贈与税・消費税は別の義務として残り得ます。","url":"/ja/tax/year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"副収入20万円ルール","plainText":"1か所で源泉徴収される給与所得者は、給与・退職以外の所得が20万円を超えると原則として確定申告が必要です。これは売上ではなく必要経費控除後の所得で判定し、20万円以下でも住民税申告は必要な場合があります。\n副収入で会社員に申告義務が生じる場合と、それが売上ではなく経費控除後の所得である理由。\n判定は売上ではなく必要経費控除後の所得です。\n給与が1社の源泉徴収で完結している会社員が対象です。\nちょうど20万円では発生しません。ルールは「20万円を超える」場合です。\n所得税の20万円特例は住民税の申告義務までは免除しません。\n売上ではなく所得\nこのルールは必要経費控除後の所得で見ます。アフィリエイト売上30万円に対し、直接関係するプラットフォーム・広告費が8万円なら、所得は22万円で基準超過となり申告が必要です。経費で所得をちょうど20万円にすればこの給与＋副収入の要件は超えませんが、他の申告要件や自治体の住民税ルールは別途確認が必要です。\n住民税の落とし穴\n20万円ルールは所得税の便宜であり非課税ではありません。国の申告が不要でも、自治体は住民税のためにその副収入の申告を求めるのが一般的です。これは避けられるよくある誤りです。国の基準未満なら、市区町村に住民税申告を行いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1350.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"1か所で源泉徴収される給与所得者は、給与・退職以外の所得が20万円を超えると原則として確定申告が必要です。これは売上ではなく必要経費控除後の所得で判定し、20万円以下でも住民税申告は必要な場合があります。\n副収入で会社員に申告義務が生じる場合と、それが売上ではなく経費控除後の所得である理由。\n判定は売上ではなく必要経費控除後の所得です。\n給与が1社の源泉徴収で完結している会社員が対象です。\nちょうど20万円では発生しません。ルールは「20万円を超える」場合です。\n所得税の20万円特例は住民税の申告義務までは免除しません。\n売上ではなく所得\nこのルールは必要経費控除後の所得で見ます。アフィリエイト売上30万円に対し、直接関係するプラットフォーム・広告費が8万円なら、所得は22万円で基準超過となり申告が必要です。経費で所得をちょうど20万円にすればこの給与＋副収入の要件は超えませんが、他の申告要件や自治体の住民税ルールは別途確認が必要です。\n住民税の落とし穴\n20万円ルールは所得税の便宜であり非課税ではありません。国の申告が不要でも、自治体は住民税のためにその副収入の申告を求めるのが一般的です。これは避けられるよくある誤りです。国の基準未満なら、市区町村に住民税申告を行いましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の所得控除・税額控除の総合ガイド","plainText":"所得控除は課税される所得を減らし、税額控除は税額そのものを減らします。30万円の所得控除の節税額はおおよそ限界税率×30万円、30万円の税額控除は最大30万円の減税になり得ます。\n所得控除と税額控除の違いと主要なもの：基礎・配偶者・扶養・医療費・保険・iDeCo・寄付・住宅ローン。\n所得控除は課税所得を、税額控除は税額を減らします。控除額がそのまま還付される訳ではありません。\n年末調整で基礎・配偶者・扶養・社会保険料・生命保険料の各控除を処理します。\n医療費、ワンストップを超える寄付、住宅ローン控除初年度は確定申告が必要です。\n医療費のしきい値は10万円（総所得200万円未満は5%）、控除上限は200万円です。\n所得控除と税額控除\n所得控除（基礎・配偶者・配偶者特別・扶養・特定親族・医療費・社会保険料・生命/地震保険・小規模企業共済等/iDeCo・寄付金・障害・ひとり親など）は課税所得から差し引きます。税額控除（住宅ローン控除・配当控除など）は算出税額から差し引きます。この違いが実際の節税額を左右します。所得控除の価値は限界税率に比例し、税額控除は上限の範囲でほぼそのまま減税になります。\n多くの人が使う控除\n会社員は給与所得控除（2025年分以降は最低65万円、上限195万円）に加え、改正後の総所得により額が変わる基礎控除を自動で受けます。医療費控除は対象費用から補填と10万円（または5%）のしきい値を引いた額で上限200万円。明細書を提出し領収書は5年間保管します。iDeCoの掛金は控除対象、生命・地震保険は法定の上限、ふるさと納税は寄付金控除＋住民税控除として反映されます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-furusato","faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:furusato-nozei-explained","guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets","guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1199.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1120.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1410.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"所得控除は課税される所得を減らし、税額控除は税額そのものを減らします。30万円の所得控除の節税額はおおよそ限界税率×30万円、30万円の税額控除は最大30万円の減税になり得ます。\n所得控除と税額控除の違いと主要なもの：基礎・配偶者・扶養・医療費・保険・iDeCo・寄付・住宅ローン。\n所得控除は課税所得を、税額控除は税額を減らします。控除額がそのまま還付される訳ではありません。\n年末調整で基礎・配偶者・扶養・社会保険料・生命保険料の各控除を処理します。\n医療費、ワンストップを超える寄付、住宅ローン控除初年度は確定申告が必要です。\n医療費のしきい値は10万円（総所得200万円未満は5%）、控除上限は200万円です。\n所得控除と税額控除\n所得控除（基礎・配偶者・配偶者特別・扶養・特定親族・医療費・社会保険料・生命/地震保険・小規模企業共済等/iDeCo・寄付金・障害・ひとり親など）は課税所得から差し引きます。税額控除（住宅ローン控除・配当控除など）は算出税額から差し引きます。この違いが実際の節税額を左右します。所得控除の価値は限界税率に比例し、税額控除は上限の範囲でほぼそのまま減税になります。\n多くの人が使う控除\n会社員は給与所得控除（2025年分以降は最低65万円、上限195万円）に加え、改正後の総所得により額が変わる基礎控除を自動で受けます。医療費控除は対象費用から補填と10万円（または5%）のしきい値を引いた額で上限200万円。明細書を提出し領収書は5年間保管します。iDeCoの掛金は控除対象、生命・地震保険は法定の上限、ふるさと納税は寄付金控除＋住民税控除として反映されます。","url":"/ja/tax/complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-taxes-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:investment-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の投資にかかる税金","plainText":"上場株式の譲渡益・配当は原則約20.315%の分離課税、NISAは対象の利益を非課税、iDeCoは掛金控除と課税繰延、暗号資産は雑所得として累進課税（大きな利益では高率）になります。\n株式・配当・NISA・iDeCo・暗号資産の課税と、申告が有利になる場面。\n上場株式：分離課税で合計20.315%。源泉徴収口座なら申告不要にできます。\n株式の損失を申告すると配当と通算でき、3年間繰り越せます。\nNISAは利益・配当が非課税ですが、損失は課税口座の利益と通算できません。\n暗号資産は累進課税の雑所得。交換や決済でも課税され、出金時だけではありません。\n株式・配当・口座\n上場株式の譲渡益は原則、申告分離課税で合計20.315%（国税15%＋復興0.315%＋地方5%）です。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）なら申告せずに完結できます。上場配当は通常、国税15.315%＋地方5%が源泉徴収され、申告不要・総合課税・分離課税を選べます。上場株式の損失を配当と通算し、要件を満たす損失を3年繰り越すために申告が有利なこともありますが、申告は住民税ベースの指標（国保料など）を上げることもあります。\nNISA・iDeCo・暗号資産\nNISAは年360万円（生涯は取得価額で1,800万円）まで投資でき、対象の利益・分配金が非課税です。売却枠は原則翌年に再利用できますが、NISAの損失は課税口座の利益と通算できません。iDeCoは掛金を所得控除し、運用益を非課税で繰り延べ、受取時は年金または退職所得として課税します。暗号資産は別で、売却・交換・決済などの処分は原則雑所得となり累進課税で、損失は上場株式の損益通算制度の対象外です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/investment-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:crypto-tax-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"上場株式の譲渡益・配当は原則約20.315%の分離課税、NISAは対象の利益を非課税、iDeCoは掛金控除と課税繰延、暗号資産は雑所得として累進課税（大きな利益では高率）になります。\n株式・配当・NISA・iDeCo・暗号資産の課税と、申告が有利になる場面。\n上場株式：分離課税で合計20.315%。源泉徴収口座なら申告不要にできます。\n株式の損失を申告すると配当と通算でき、3年間繰り越せます。\nNISAは利益・配当が非課税ですが、損失は課税口座の利益と通算できません。\n暗号資産は累進課税の雑所得。交換や決済でも課税され、出金時だけではありません。\n株式・配当・口座\n上場株式の譲渡益は原則、申告分離課税で合計20.315%（国税15%＋復興0.315%＋地方5%）です。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）なら申告せずに完結できます。上場配当は通常、国税15.315%＋地方5%が源泉徴収され、申告不要・総合課税・分離課税を選べます。上場株式の損失を配当と通算し、要件を満たす損失を3年繰り越すために申告が有利なこともありますが、申告は住民税ベースの指標（国保料など）を上げることもあります。\nNISA・iDeCo・暗号資産\nNISAは年360万円（生涯は取得価額で1,800万円）まで投資でき、対象の利益・分配金が非課税です。売却枠は原則翌年に再利用できますが、NISAの損失は課税口座の利益と通算できません。iDeCoは掛金を所得控除し、運用益を非課税で繰り延べ、受取時は年金または退職所得として課税します。暗号資産は別で、売却・交換・決済などの処分は原則雑所得となり累進課税で、損失は上場株式の損益通算制度の対象外です。","url":"/ja/tax/investment-taxes-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-taxes-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:property-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の不動産にかかる税金","plainText":"購入時は不動産取得税・登録免許税・印紙税、保有中は毎年の固定資産税・都市計画税、賃貸すれば不動産所得、売却は不動産所得ではなく別の譲渡所得になります。\n購入・保有・賃貸・売却の各段階でかかる税金。\n購入：不動産取得税・登録免許税・印紙税、建物部分の消費税。\n保有：毎年の固定資産税・都市計画税。市区町村が評価・課税します。\n賃貸：家賃・返還不要の敷金・更新料は収入。利息と減価償却は経費、元本は不可。\n売却：保有期間で区分される別の譲渡所得。土地と建物で扱いが異なります。\n購入と保有\n不動産の取得では、不動産取得税（都道府県）、所有権移転や抵当権設定の登録免許税、紙の契約書の印紙税、課税対象となる建物部分の消費税（土地は扱いが異なる）がかかり得ます。登録免許税は評価額に法定税率を乗じます（例：土地の売買による移転は原則2%、期日により要確認の臨時軽減あり）。取得後は、1月1日の所有者と評価額に基づき、市区町村が固定資産税・都市計画税を毎年課します。\n賃貸と売却\n不動産所得には家賃・返還不要の敷金・更新料・入居者からの精算金が含まれます。経費は固定資産税・保険・減価償却・修繕・賃貸に対応するローン利息などですが、元本返済は経費にできず、資本的支出は経費ではなく減価償却します。売却は不動産所得ではなく、短期・長期の保有区分がある別の譲渡所得です。土地は減価償却しないため土地と建物を分ける必要があり、購入契約・土地建物の按分・減価償却の履歴を保管します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/property-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:rent-vs-buy-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"新宿区","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"購入時は不動産取得税・登録免許税・印紙税、保有中は毎年の固定資産税・都市計画税、賃貸すれば不動産所得、売却は不動産所得ではなく別の譲渡所得になります。\n購入・保有・賃貸・売却の各段階でかかる税金。\n購入：不動産取得税・登録免許税・印紙税、建物部分の消費税。\n保有：毎年の固定資産税・都市計画税。市区町村が評価・課税します。\n賃貸：家賃・返還不要の敷金・更新料は収入。利息と減価償却は経費、元本は不可。\n売却：保有期間で区分される別の譲渡所得。土地と建物で扱いが異なります。\n購入と保有\n不動産の取得では、不動産取得税（都道府県）、所有権移転や抵当権設定の登録免許税、紙の契約書の印紙税、課税対象となる建物部分の消費税（土地は扱いが異なる）がかかり得ます。登録免許税は評価額に法定税率を乗じます（例：土地の売買による移転は原則2%、期日により要確認の臨時軽減あり）。取得後は、1月1日の所有者と評価額に基づき、市区町村が固定資産税・都市計画税を毎年課します。\n賃貸と売却\n不動産所得には家賃・返還不要の敷金・更新料・入居者からの精算金が含まれます。経費は固定資産税・保険・減価償却・修繕・賃貸に対応するローン利息などですが、元本返済は経費にできず、資本的支出は経費ではなく減価償却します。売却は不動産所得ではなく、短期・長期の保有区分がある別の譲渡所得です。土地は減価償却しないため土地と建物を分ける必要があり、購入契約・土地建物の按分・減価償却の履歴を保管します。","url":"/ja/tax/property-taxes-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者の日本の税金","plainText":"在留資格ではなく税務上の居住者区分が課税範囲を決めます。非居住者は日本源泉、非永住者は日本で支払われた・送金された国外所得も、永住者は全世界所得に課税され、租税条約と外国税額控除が二重課税を緩和します。\n居住者区分、全世界所得と日本源泉所得、送金、外国税額控除、来日と出国。\n税務上の居住者区分は在留資格と別。住所があれば初日から居住者になり得ます。\n「183日」は日本の万能な居住判定ではありません。住所と1年以上の居所が国内法の基準です。\n非永住者（過去10年で5年以下）は日本源泉だけでなく送金した国外所得も課税対象です。\n日本で行った労働は、外国雇用主が海外口座に支払っても日本源泉です。\n居住者区分と課税範囲\n所得税では、非居住者・非永住者・永住者に区分され、これは在留資格の「永住」とは別の税務概念です。非居住者は日本源泉所得のみ、非永住者（過去10年で日本に住所・居所を有した期間が5年以下の外国籍者）は日本で支払われた・送金された国外所得も、その他の居住者は全世界所得に課税されます。住所は職業・家族・住居・資産などから見た生活の本拠であり日数ではないため、「183日」を基準にしないでください。\n送金・控除・移動\n国外所得を日本の口座に送金すると、源泉・充当のルールにより非永住者に課税が生じ得ます。海外に置いたお金だけが安全とは限りません。日本の居住者は、対象の外国所得税について外国税額控除を、日本側の限度額の範囲で、国・所得区分・納付の資料をそろえて申請できます。来日時は到着日・資産の取得価額・株式報酬の記録・送金記録を保管し、出国時は出国年分の申告と住民税を精算し、出国後に申告・還付・通知が生じるなら納税管理人を選任します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status","faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-residency-explained","guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/12004.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"在留資格ではなく税務上の居住者区分が課税範囲を決めます。非居住者は日本源泉、非永住者は日本で支払われた・送金された国外所得も、永住者は全世界所得に課税され、租税条約と外国税額控除が二重課税を緩和します。\n居住者区分、全世界所得と日本源泉所得、送金、外国税額控除、来日と出国。\n税務上の居住者区分は在留資格と別。住所があれば初日から居住者になり得ます。\n「183日」は日本の万能な居住判定ではありません。住所と1年以上の居所が国内法の基準です。\n非永住者（過去10年で5年以下）は日本源泉だけでなく送金した国外所得も課税対象です。\n日本で行った労働は、外国雇用主が海外口座に支払っても日本源泉です。\n居住者区分と課税範囲\n所得税では、非居住者・非永住者・永住者に区分され、これは在留資格の「永住」とは別の税務概念です。非居住者は日本源泉所得のみ、非永住者（過去10年で日本に住所・居所を有した期間が5年以下の外国籍者）は日本で支払われた・送金された国外所得も、その他の居住者は全世界所得に課税されます。住所は職業・家族・住居・資産などから見た生活の本拠であり日数ではないため、「183日」を基準にしないでください。\n送金・控除・移動\n国外所得を日本の口座に送金すると、源泉・充当のルールにより非永住者に課税が生じ得ます。海外に置いたお金だけが安全とは限りません。日本の居住者は、対象の外国所得税について外国税額控除を、日本側の限度額の範囲で、国・所得区分・納付の資料をそろえて申請できます。来日時は到着日・資産の取得価額・株式報酬の記録・送金記録を保管し、出国時は出国年分の申告と住民税を精算し、出国後に申告・還付・通知が生じるなら納税管理人を選任します。","url":"/ja/tax/taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund:ja","entityId":"guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"還付申告をすべきとき","plainText":"多額の医療費、年末調整を受けずに退職、住宅ローン控除初年度、寄付、投資損失、外国税の納付などがあれば還付申告を。請求期限は5年です。\n医療費・年末調整漏れ・住宅ローン初年度・寄付・投資損失・外国税。\n還付申告は任意で、申告義務がなくても提出できます。\n1月1日から提出でき、請求期限は5年です。\n主な事由：医療費控除・年途中の退職・住宅ローン初年度・寄付・株式損失・外国税。\n一度申告すると、その申告に必要な所得はすべて整合的に申告する必要があります。\n還付が生じる場面\n源泉徴収は前払いのため、最終税額より多く前払いした年はその差額を取り戻せます。代表例は、しきい値を超える医療費、年末前の退職で年末調整を受けていない場合、住宅ローン控除の初年度（申告必須）、処理し切れなかった寄付、配当と通算する上場株式の損失、日本でも課税される所得への外国税です。\n請求方法\n源泉徴収票と控除の証拠書類をそろえ、e-Taxまたは書面で申告します。5年間有効なので、過年度の控除漏れも取り戻せます。還付申告が任意なのは、他に申告義務がない場合に限られます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2030.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"多額の医療費、年末調整を受けずに退職、住宅ローン控除初年度、寄付、投資損失、外国税の納付などがあれば還付申告を。請求期限は5年です。\n医療費・年末調整漏れ・住宅ローン初年度・寄付・投資損失・外国税。\n還付申告は任意で、申告義務がなくても提出できます。\n1月1日から提出でき、請求期限は5年です。\n主な事由：医療費控除・年途中の退職・住宅ローン初年度・寄付・株式損失・外国税。\n一度申告すると、その申告に必要な所得はすべて整合的に申告する必要があります。\n還付が生じる場面\n源泉徴収は前払いのため、最終税額より多く前払いした年はその差額を取り戻せます。代表例は、しきい値を超える医療費、年末前の退職で年末調整を受けていない場合、住宅ローン控除の初年度（申告必須）、処理し切れなかった寄付、配当と通算する上場株式の損失、日本でも課税される所得への外国税です。\n請求方法\n源泉徴収票と控除の証拠書類をそろえ、e-Taxまたは書面で申告します。5年間有効なので、過年度の控除漏れも取り戻せます。還付申告が任意なのは、他に申告義務がない場合に限られます。","url":"/ja/tax/when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"確定申告のやり方","plainText":"証明書と記録を集め、すべての収入を所得区分に分類し、所得を計算して控除・税額控除を適用し、おおむね2月16日〜3月15日にe-Taxまたは税務署で提出します。納付は別途手配します。\n書類・区分から提出・納付・保管までの一連の流れ。\nまず所得を区分。区分が経費・損失・計算方法を決めます。\n銀行・カード・プラットフォーム・証券の記録と突合します。\n控除・税額控除・源泉徴収・予定納税を入力します。\ne-Tax（マイナンバーカード）か税務署で提出。提出＝納付ではありません。\n流れ\n源泉徴収票・支払調書・売上と経費の帳簿・証券や年金の明細・寄付や保険の証明書・医療費データ・繰越の資料を集めます。すべての収入を区分し、記録と突合し、事業・不動産・譲渡・年金・雑所得を計算し、損益通算と繰越を適用し、所得控除・税額控除・源泉徴収・外国税・予定納税を入力します。\n提出と納付\n国税庁の確定申告書等作成コーナーは、マイナンバーカードでe-Tax送信まで行え、マイナポータル連携で給与・年金・医療費・寄付・保険・住宅ローンの対応データを取り込めます。提出前に住民税・事業税の設問を確認し、受信通知を保管し、納付は別途手配します。提出だけでは納税は完了しません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:how-to-use-e-tax","guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","guide:japan-tax-return-deadlines"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.e-tax.nta.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"証明書と記録を集め、すべての収入を所得区分に分類し、所得を計算して控除・税額控除を適用し、おおむね2月16日〜3月15日にe-Taxまたは税務署で提出します。納付は別途手配します。\n書類・区分から提出・納付・保管までの一連の流れ。\nまず所得を区分。区分が経費・損失・計算方法を決めます。\n銀行・カード・プラットフォーム・証券の記録と突合します。\n控除・税額控除・源泉徴収・予定納税を入力します。\ne-Tax（マイナンバーカード）か税務署で提出。提出＝納付ではありません。\n流れ\n源泉徴収票・支払調書・売上と経費の帳簿・証券や年金の明細・寄付や保険の証明書・医療費データ・繰越の資料を集めます。すべての収入を区分し、記録と突合し、事業・不動産・譲渡・年金・雑所得を計算し、損益通算と繰越を適用し、所得控除・税額控除・源泉徴収・外国税・予定納税を入力します。\n提出と納付\n国税庁の確定申告書等作成コーナーは、マイナンバーカードでe-Tax送信まで行え、マイナポータル連携で給与・年金・医療費・寄付・保険・住宅ローンの対応データを取り込めます。提出前に住民税・事業税の設問を確認し、受信通知を保管し、納付は別途手配します。提出だけでは納税は完了しません。","url":"/ja/tax/how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-tax-return-deadlines:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-tax-return-deadlines","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"確定申告の期限","plainText":"前年分は、所得税が2月16日〜3月15日頃、贈与税が2月1日〜3月15日、個人の消費税が3月31日期限。予定納税は7月と11月、還付は1月1日から5年間です。\n所得税・贈与税・消費税・予定納税・還付請求の時期。\n所得税の申告・納付：2月16日〜3月15日頃。\n贈与税の申告：2月1日〜3月15日頃。\n個人事業者の消費税：3月31日頃。\n予定納税：7月31日・11月30日。還付請求：5年。\n想定スケジュール\n暦年に稼いだ所得について、通常の所得税申告は翌年2月16日〜3月15日頃で、納付期限は3月15日。その年に受けた贈与の贈与税は2月1日〜3月15日頃に申告。個人事業者の消費税の申告・納付は原則3月31日。予定納税の対象者は、7月31日と11月30日が各期の期限です。\n注意点\n還付請求は通常期間の前から開始でき、5年間有効です。振替納税の引落日は毎年別途公表され、期限が土日祝の場合は翌営業日にずれます。当年の日付は国税庁の確定申告特集で必ず確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-tax-return-deadlines","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-calendar","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan","guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"前年分は、所得税が2月16日〜3月15日頃、贈与税が2月1日〜3月15日、個人の消費税が3月31日期限。予定納税は7月と11月、還付は1月1日から5年間です。\n所得税・贈与税・消費税・予定納税・還付請求の時期。\n所得税の申告・納付：2月16日〜3月15日頃。\n贈与税の申告：2月1日〜3月15日頃。\n個人事業者の消費税：3月31日頃。\n予定納税：7月31日・11月30日。還付請求：5年。\n想定スケジュール\n暦年に稼いだ所得について、通常の所得税申告は翌年2月16日〜3月15日頃で、納付期限は3月15日。その年に受けた贈与の贈与税は2月1日〜3月15日頃に申告。個人事業者の消費税の申告・納付は原則3月31日。予定納税の対象者は、7月31日と11月30日が各期の期限です。\n注意点\n還付請求は通常期間の前から開始でき、5年間有効です。振替納税の引落日は毎年別途公表され、期限が土日祝の場合は翌営業日にずれます。当年の日付は国税庁の確定申告特集で必ず確認してください。","url":"/ja/tax/japan-tax-return-deadlines","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-tax-calendar:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-tax-calendar","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"税金の年間カレンダー","plainText":"税年度は1〜12月。源泉徴収と月次記帳は通年、住民税は6月〜翌5月、予定納税は7月・11月、書類は1月に届き、申告は2〜3月です。\n会社員・フリーランス・大家・投資家の月別の義務。\n1月1日：税年度開始。1月1日時点の居住地が住民税に影響。\n6月〜：前年所得に基づく住民税の徴収開始。\n7月31日・11月30日：予定納税の各期。\n1月：各種証明書が到着。2月16日〜3月15日：確定申告。\n一年の流れ\n1月に所得税の年度が始まり、1月1日の市区町村が住民税を課します。通年で給与明細・請求書・口座データ・証券取引・暗号資産の処分・控除対象経費を突合します。6月からその年の住民税が前年分に基づき（翌5月まで）徴収されます。会社は10〜12月に年末調整書類を集め、12月31日で多くの扶養・控除判定が確定します。\n申告シーズン\n1月に源泉徴収票・年間取引報告書・年金の源泉徴収票・寄付や保険の証明書を入手します。贈与税は2月1日〜3月15日、所得税は2月16日〜3月15日、個人の消費税は3月31日まで。対象者は予定納税を7月31日・11月30日に納付します。還付は前倒しででき、5年間有効です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-tax-calendar","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-return-deadlines","guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"新宿区","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"税年度は1〜12月。源泉徴収と月次記帳は通年、住民税は6月〜翌5月、予定納税は7月・11月、書類は1月に届き、申告は2〜3月です。\n会社員・フリーランス・大家・投資家の月別の義務。\n1月1日：税年度開始。1月1日時点の居住地が住民税に影響。\n6月〜：前年所得に基づく住民税の徴収開始。\n7月31日・11月30日：予定納税の各期。\n1月：各種証明書が到着。2月16日〜3月15日：確定申告。\n一年の流れ\n1月に所得税の年度が始まり、1月1日の市区町村が住民税を課します。通年で給与明細・請求書・口座データ・証券取引・暗号資産の処分・控除対象経費を突合します。6月からその年の住民税が前年分に基づき（翌5月まで）徴収されます。会社は10〜12月に年末調整書類を集め、12月31日で多くの扶養・控除判定が確定します。\n申告シーズン\n1月に源泉徴収票・年間取引報告書・年金の源泉徴収票・寄付や保険の証明書を入手します。贈与税は2月1日〜3月15日、所得税は2月16日〜3月15日、個人の消費税は3月31日まで。対象者は予定納税を7月31日・11月30日に納付します。還付は前倒しででき、5年間有効です。","url":"/ja/tax/japan-tax-calendar","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-use-e-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-use-e-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"e-Taxの使い方","plainText":"e-Taxは無料の国税電子申告システムです。マイナンバーカードで認証し（2025年10月以降、新規はこれが標準）、作成コーナーで申告書を作り、送信して受信通知を保存します。納付は別手配です。\nアカウント設定・マイナンバー認証・申告・受信記録・よくあるエラー。\ne-Taxは無料で、国税の申告書作成と送信ができます。\n2025年10月以降、新規の標準認証はマイナンバーカードです。\nマイナポータル連携で給与・年金・医療費・寄付・保険・住宅ローンを自動入力できます。\n受信通知を保存。提出と納付は別です。\n設定と認証\ne-Taxのアカウントを作成し認証します。2025年10月1日にID・パスワード方式の新規発行が終了したため、新規はスマホまたはICカードリーダーでマイナンバーカードを使って認証します。カードで本人確認が済み、書面なしで送信できます。既存のID・パスワード利用者は経過措置で継続できます。\n申告と記録\n作成コーナーで申告書を作り、可能ならマイナポータル連携で対応証明書を取り込み、送信します。受信通知を提出の証拠として保管します。よくあるつまずきは、カードリーダー/アプリの不具合、証明書の有効期限切れ、そして提出と納付の混同です。送信後に納付方法を選びます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/how-to-use-e-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.e-tax.nta.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/shinkoku/mynaportal/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"e-Taxは無料の国税電子申告システムです。マイナンバーカードで認証し（2025年10月以降、新規はこれが標準）、作成コーナーで申告書を作り、送信して受信通知を保存します。納付は別手配です。\nアカウント設定・マイナンバー認証・申告・受信記録・よくあるエラー。\ne-Taxは無料で、国税の申告書作成と送信ができます。\n2025年10月以降、新規の標準認証はマイナンバーカードです。\nマイナポータル連携で給与・年金・医療費・寄付・保険・住宅ローンを自動入力できます。\n受信通知を保存。提出と納付は別です。\n設定と認証\ne-Taxのアカウントを作成し認証します。2025年10月1日にID・パスワード方式の新規発行が終了したため、新規はスマホまたはICカードリーダーでマイナンバーカードを使って認証します。カードで本人確認が済み、書面なしで送信できます。既存のID・パスワード利用者は経過措置で継続できます。\n申告と記録\n作成コーナーで申告書を作り、可能ならマイナポータル連携で対応証明書を取り込み、送信します。受信通知を提出の証拠として保管します。よくあるつまずきは、カードリーダー/アプリの不具合、証明書の有効期限切れ、そして提出と納付の混同です。送信後に納付方法を選びます。","url":"/ja/tax/how-to-use-e-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"確定申告に必要な書類","plainText":"必要書類は状況次第です。給与は源泉徴収票、事業は帳簿と領収書、不動産は賃貸借契約とローン明細、証券は年間取引報告書、暗号資産は取引データ、控除ごとに各証明書が必要です。\n給与・事業・不動産・投資・国外所得・控除ごとの必要書類一覧。\n給与：すべての源泉徴収票と会社の精算書。\n事業・不動産：売上と経費の帳簿・請求書・ローン明細・固定資産一覧。\n投資：年間取引報告書・配当明細・暗号資産の取引データ。\n控除：保険・年金・医療費・寄付・扶養の各書類。\n所得別\n給与は（前職を含む）すべての源泉徴収票と精算記録。事業は売上帳・請求書・銀行/カードデータ・領収書・固定資産一覧。不動産は賃貸借契約・家賃台帳・土地建物の按分・ローン明細・課税通知。証券は年間取引報告書と配当明細（海外はCSV）、暗号資産は全取引データ・ウォレットアドレス・取得原価レポートが必要です。\n控除別\n控除ごとに証拠が異なります。保険・年金の証明書、領収書を保管した医療費明細、寄付の証明書、扶養の続柄書類（国外扶養は送金記録）、住宅ローン控除はローン残高証明・登記・契約・省エネ証明。贈与や相続は、贈与者/被相続人の情報・評価・家系図・過去の贈与記録を保管します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return","guide:how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"必要書類は状況次第です。給与は源泉徴収票、事業は帳簿と領収書、不動産は賃貸借契約とローン明細、証券は年間取引報告書、暗号資産は取引データ、控除ごとに各証明書が必要です。\n給与・事業・不動産・投資・国外所得・控除ごとの必要書類一覧。\n給与：すべての源泉徴収票と会社の精算書。\n事業・不動産：売上と経費の帳簿・請求書・ローン明細・固定資産一覧。\n投資：年間取引報告書・配当明細・暗号資産の取引データ。\n控除：保険・年金・医療費・寄付・扶養の各書類。\n所得別\n給与は（前職を含む）すべての源泉徴収票と精算記録。事業は売上帳・請求書・銀行/カードデータ・領収書・固定資産一覧。不動産は賃貸借契約・家賃台帳・土地建物の按分・ローン明細・課税通知。証券は年間取引報告書と配当明細（海外はCSV）、暗号資産は全取引データ・ウォレットアドレス・取得原価レポートが必要です。\n控除別\n控除ごとに証拠が異なります。保険・年金の証明書、領収書を保管した医療費明細、寄付の証明書、扶養の続柄書類（国外扶養は送金記録）、住宅ローン控除はローン残高証明・登記・契約・省エネ証明。贈与や相続は、贈与者/被相続人の情報・評価・家系図・過去の贈与記録を保管します。","url":"/ja/tax/documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"税金の納め方","plainText":"申告と納付は別の手続きです。国税は振替納税・ネットバンキング・クレジットカード・コンビニ・スマホアプリ・e-Taxダイレクト納付・金融機関窓口で納付でき、納付の証明を保管します。\n銀行振込・振替納税・オンライン・カード・納付の証明。\n提出＝納付ではありません。期限までに別途納付が必要です。\n振替納税は、公表される後日の期日に自動引落しされます。\nネットバンキング・カード・コンビニ・アプリ納付などが選べます。\n納付の証明を保管。カード納付は手数料がかかります。\n納付方法\n国税は、振替納税（別途公表の期日に口座から自動引落し）、ネットバンキングやe-Taxのダイレクト納付、クレジットカード（手数料あり）、コンビニ（QR/バーコード、上限あり）、スマホアプリ納付、金融機関や税務署の窓口での現金納付が使えます。振替納税は引落日が申告期限より後になり便利です。\n証明と時期\nいずれの方法でも、領収書・口座記録・e-Taxの納付区分などの証拠を保管します。延滞税は期限の翌日から発生するため、早く申告しても納付は期限までに行います。どうしても払えない場合は、放置せず税務署に納税の猶予を早めに相談してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes","guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/nozei/nofu.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"申告と納付は別の手続きです。国税は振替納税・ネットバンキング・クレジットカード・コンビニ・スマホアプリ・e-Taxダイレクト納付・金融機関窓口で納付でき、納付の証明を保管します。\n銀行振込・振替納税・オンライン・カード・納付の証明。\n提出＝納付ではありません。期限までに別途納付が必要です。\n振替納税は、公表される後日の期日に自動引落しされます。\nネットバンキング・カード・コンビニ・アプリ納付などが選べます。\n納付の証明を保管。カード納付は手数料がかかります。\n納付方法\n国税は、振替納税（別途公表の期日に口座から自動引落し）、ネットバンキングやe-Taxのダイレクト納付、クレジットカード（手数料あり）、コンビニ（QR/バーコード、上限あり）、スマホアプリ納付、金融機関や税務署の窓口での現金納付が使えます。振替納税は引落日が申告期限より後になり便利です。\n証明と時期\nいずれの方法でも、領収書・口座記録・e-Taxの納付区分などの証拠を保管します。延滞税は期限の翌日から発生するため、早く申告しても納付は期限までに行います。どうしても払えない場合は、放置せず税務署に納税の猶予を早めに相談してください。","url":"/ja/tax/how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"予定納税","plainText":"前年の申告で基準額が一定以上だと国税庁から通知が来て、7月31日・11月30日の2回、各回おおむね基準額の3分の1を前払いし、翌年の申告で精算します。所得が下がれば減額申請ができます。\n通知が来る人、7月・11月の納付、計算基礎、減額申請。\n前年の予定納税基準額が一定以上だと発生します。\n2回払い：7月31日・11月30日、各回おおむね基準額の3分の1。\n前払いで、翌年の確定申告で精算します。\n当年の所得が大きく下がる場合は減額申請ができます。\n対象者と金額\n前年の申告で予定納税基準額が一定額を超えると税務署から通知が来て、7月と11月に前払いします。各回はおおむね基準額の3分の1です。これは追加の税ではなく翌年の所得税の前払いで、2回分と源泉徴収は申告時に充当されます。\n減額申請\n当年の所得が大きく下がる見込み（廃業・休業・主要取引先の喪失など）なら、減額申請で前払いを減らし、払い過ぎて還付を待つ事態を避けられます。見積り資料を添えて公表期限までに申請します。最終精算は確定申告で行います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/estimated-tax-payments-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan","guide:japan-tax-calendar"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2039.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"前年の申告で基準額が一定以上だと国税庁から通知が来て、7月31日・11月30日の2回、各回おおむね基準額の3分の1を前払いし、翌年の申告で精算します。所得が下がれば減額申請ができます。\n通知が来る人、7月・11月の納付、計算基礎、減額申請。\n前年の予定納税基準額が一定以上だと発生します。\n2回払い：7月31日・11月30日、各回おおむね基準額の3分の1。\n前払いで、翌年の確定申告で精算します。\n当年の所得が大きく下がる場合は減額申請ができます。\n対象者と金額\n前年の申告で予定納税基準額が一定額を超えると税務署から通知が来て、7月と11月に前払いします。各回はおおむね基準額の3分の1です。これは追加の税ではなく翌年の所得税の前払いで、2回分と源泉徴収は申告時に充当されます。\n減額申請\n当年の所得が大きく下がる見込み（廃業・休業・主要取引先の喪失など）なら、減額申請で前払いを減らし、払い過ぎて還付を待つ事態を避けられます。見積り資料を添えて公表期限までに申請します。最終精算は確定申告で行います。","url":"/ja/tax/estimated-tax-payments-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"税務書類の保存期間","plainText":"青色申告の帳簿と多くの事業書類は原則7年（一部5年）、白色申告も5年・7年の義務があり、消費税の請求書等は7年、申告した医療費控除の領収書は5年保存します。\n会社員・青色/白色申告・電子記録・領収書・請求書の保存期間。\n青色申告：帳簿・主要書類は原則7年（一部5年）。\n白色申告：5年・7年の保存義務があります。\n消費税の請求書・帳簿：7年。\n申告した医療費控除の領収書：5年。\n保存期間\n青色申告の個人事業者は、仕訳帳・元帳・多くの証憑を原則7年、一部（一定の領収書等）は5年保存します。白色申告も5年・7年の義務があります。消費税の記録（帳簿と仕入税額控除に必要な請求書等）は原則7年。会社員は源泉徴収票を、申告した医療費控除は領収書を5年保存します。\n電子記録\n電子帳簿保存法の下では、電子的に受け取った請求書等は原則として電子で保存する必要があり、印刷して原本を破棄することはできません。保存期間は申告期限から起算し、税務調査・還付・損失繰越の各期間に及ぶため、検索可能で一貫した保存体制を保ちましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:documents-needed-to-file-taxes-in-japan","guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","guide:consumption-tax-freelancers-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2080.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"青色申告の帳簿と多くの事業書類は原則7年（一部5年）、白色申告も5年・7年の義務があり、消費税の請求書等は7年、申告した医療費控除の領収書は5年保存します。\n会社員・青色/白色申告・電子記録・領収書・請求書の保存期間。\n青色申告：帳簿・主要書類は原則7年（一部5年）。\n白色申告：5年・7年の保存義務があります。\n消費税の請求書・帳簿：7年。\n申告した医療費控除の領収書：5年。\n保存期間\n青色申告の個人事業者は、仕訳帳・元帳・多くの証憑を原則7年、一部（一定の領収書等）は5年保存します。白色申告も5年・7年の義務があります。消費税の記録（帳簿と仕入税額控除に必要な請求書等）は原則7年。会社員は源泉徴収票を、申告した医療費控除は領収書を5年保存します。\n電子記録\n電子帳簿保存法の下では、電子的に受け取った請求書等は原則として電子で保存する必要があり、印刷して原本を破棄することはできません。保存期間は申告期限から起算し、税務調査・還付・損失繰越の各期間に及ぶため、検索可能で一貫した保存体制を保ちましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mistake-on-your-tax-return:ja","entityId":"guide:mistake-on-your-tax-return","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"確定申告を間違えたとき","plainText":"過少なら修正申告、過大なら更正の請求（原則5年以内）を行います。税務調査の通知前に自主的に訂正すれば、通常の過少申告加算税は課されません。\n修正申告・更正の請求・添付資料・期限。\n過少 → 修正申告。\n過大 → 更正の請求（原則5年以内）。\n調査通知前の自主訂正なら過少申告加算税は回避（延滞税は残り得る）。\n住民税通知の誤りは税務署ではなく市区町村で訂正。\n誤りの訂正\n過少なら修正申告して差額を納付し、過大なら更正の請求で払い過ぎを取り戻します（原則、当初期限から5年以内）。変更を裏づける資料を添付します。誤りが支払者の源泉徴収票にある場合は、申告を直す前に支払者へ訂正を依頼します。\n加算税と時期\n税務署から接触される前の自主的な訂正なら、通常は過少申告加算税を回避できますが、未納期間の延滞税は残り得ます。早く直すほど負担は小さくなります。住民税通知の誤りは市区町村へ。税務署は住民税の賦課を訂正できません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/mistake-on-your-tax-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan","guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/shinkokusho/kakutei.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2030.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"過少なら修正申告、過大なら更正の請求（原則5年以内）を行います。税務調査の通知前に自主的に訂正すれば、通常の過少申告加算税は課されません。\n修正申告・更正の請求・添付資料・期限。\n過少 → 修正申告。\n過大 → 更正の請求（原則5年以内）。\n調査通知前の自主訂正なら過少申告加算税は回避（延滞税は残り得る）。\n住民税通知の誤りは税務署ではなく市区町村で訂正。\n誤りの訂正\n過少なら修正申告して差額を納付し、過大なら更正の請求で払い過ぎを取り戻します（原則、当初期限から5年以内）。変更を裏づける資料を添付します。誤りが支払者の源泉徴収票にある場合は、申告を直す前に支払者へ訂正を依頼します。\n加算税と時期\n税務署から接触される前の自主的な訂正なら、通常は過少申告加算税を回避できますが、未納期間の延滞税は残り得ます。早く直すほど負担は小さくなります。住民税通知の誤りは市区町村へ。税務署は住民税の賦課を訂正できません。","url":"/ja/tax/mistake-on-your-tax-return","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"期限後申告","plainText":"期限後でも期限後申告として提出できます。税務署の接触前に自主申告すれば無申告加算税は軽減されますが、延滞税は期限翌日から発生するため、できるだけ早く申告・納付します。\n期限後申告の手続き・加算税・自主申告・納付の手配。\n期限後申告で提出可能。申告自体を放置しないこと。\n接触前の自主申告で無申告加算税は軽減。\n延滞税は期限翌日から発生。\n払えない場合は、申告せず放置せず納税の猶予を相談。\n期限後の申告\n手続きは同じ申告書を期限後に提出するだけです。重要なのは自主的に申告することです。税務署の接触前に自ら申告すれば、無申告加算税は先に指摘された場合より軽くなるのが原則です。複数年をまとめて申告でき、記録が不十分だったり申告漏れがある場合は税理士が支援できます。\n納付と加算税\n延滞税は当初期限の翌日から発生するため、申告したらすぐ納付します。無申告・過少申告の加算税、仮装隠蔽の重加算税は、態様・時期・開示状況で決まります。全額払えない場合は納税の猶予（要件を満たせば通常最長1年）を相談してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/late-tax-returns-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:mistake-on-your-tax-return","guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2024.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"期限後でも期限後申告として提出できます。税務署の接触前に自主申告すれば無申告加算税は軽減されますが、延滞税は期限翌日から発生するため、できるだけ早く申告・納付します。\n期限後申告の手続き・加算税・自主申告・納付の手配。\n期限後申告で提出可能。申告自体を放置しないこと。\n接触前の自主申告で無申告加算税は軽減。\n延滞税は期限翌日から発生。\n払えない場合は、申告せず放置せず納税の猶予を相談。\n期限後の申告\n手続きは同じ申告書を期限後に提出するだけです。重要なのは自主的に申告することです。税務署の接触前に自ら申告すれば、無申告加算税は先に指摘された場合より軽くなるのが原則です。複数年をまとめて申告でき、記録が不十分だったり申告漏れがある場合は税理士が支援できます。\n納付と加算税\n延滞税は当初期限の翌日から発生するため、申告したらすぐ納付します。無申告・過少申告の加算税、仮装隠蔽の重加算税は、態様・時期・開示状況で決まります。全額払えない場合は納税の猶予（要件を満たせば通常最長1年）を相談してください。","url":"/ja/tax/late-tax-returns-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"加算税と延滞税","plainText":"日本は過少申告・無申告・不納付に加算税を、仮装隠蔽に重加算税を、遅延に延滞税（2026年は当初約2.8%、その後約9.1%）を課します。税務署の接触前の自主訂正で加算税は軽減・免除されるのが原則です。\n過少申告・無申告・不納付・重加算税・延滞税。\n過少申告・無申告・不納付にそれぞれ加算税があります。\n仮装・隠蔽には重い重加算税が課されます。\n2026年の延滞税：当初約2.8%、その後約9.1%。\n接触前の自主訂正で加算税は軽減・免除されるのが原則。\n加算税の種類\n過少申告加算税は修正申告で税額が増えた場合、無申告加算税は期限までに申告がない場合、不納付加算税は一定の源泉徴収の不履行に、重加算税は事実の仮装・隠蔽があった場合に課されます。割合は金額と、税務署の接触前か後かの開示状況で決まります。\n延滞税\n加算税とは別に、延滞税は未納の税に期限翌日から発生します。法定の算式により2026年はおおむね当初2.8%、その後9.1%で、未納が長引くほど負担が増えます。自主訂正は加算税を軽減しても延滞税は必ずしも減らないため、申告と納付の両方を速やかに。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan","guide:mistake-on-your-tax-return","guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2024.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/nozei/entaizei/keisan/entai.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"日本は過少申告・無申告・不納付に加算税を、仮装隠蔽に重加算税を、遅延に延滞税（2026年は当初約2.8%、その後約9.1%）を課します。税務署の接触前の自主訂正で加算税は軽減・免除されるのが原則です。\n過少申告・無申告・不納付・重加算税・延滞税。\n過少申告・無申告・不納付にそれぞれ加算税があります。\n仮装・隠蔽には重い重加算税が課されます。\n2026年の延滞税：当初約2.8%、その後約9.1%。\n接触前の自主訂正で加算税は軽減・免除されるのが原則。\n加算税の種類\n過少申告加算税は修正申告で税額が増えた場合、無申告加算税は期限までに申告がない場合、不納付加算税は一定の源泉徴収の不履行に、重加算税は事実の仮装・隠蔽があった場合に課されます。割合は金額と、税務署の接触前か後かの開示状況で決まります。\n延滞税\n加算税とは別に、延滞税は未納の税に期限翌日から発生します。法定の算式により2026年はおおむね当初2.8%、その後9.1%で、未納が長引くほど負担が増えます。自主訂正は加算税を軽減しても延滞税は必ずしも減らないため、申告と納付の両方を速やかに。","url":"/ja/tax/japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes:ja","entityId":"guide:what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"税金が払えないとき","plainText":"放置せず、速やかに税務署に相談し納税の猶予を申請します。要件を満たせば原則1年まで、分割や延滞税の軽減・免除が認められ得ます。放置すると財産の滞納処分のおそれがあります。\n税務署への相談・納税の猶予・必要書類・分割・滞納処分の回避。\n滞納処分になる前に税務署へ相談を。\n納税の猶予は分割で最長1年まで認められ得ます。\n猶予で延滞税の一部が軽減・免除されることも。\n全額払えなくても、期限内の申告は原則必要です。\n猶予の申請\n全額納付で事業や生活の維持が困難なら、納税の猶予を申請します。資力を示す資料を添えれば、原則最長1年の猶予が認められ、分割納付や、要件を満たせば延滞税の軽減・免除が可能です。要は、債務が膨らむ前に早めに相談することです。\n滞納処分の回避\n未対応の税債務は督促、最終的には預金や売掛金などの差押えに至り得ます。（払えなくても）期限内に申告し、納付について相談を始めることが有効です。金額が大きい、または状況が複雑な場合は、税理士が申請の作成や条件交渉を支援できます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:how-to-pay-japanese-taxes","guide:late-tax-returns-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/nozei/nofu_konnan.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"放置せず、速やかに税務署に相談し納税の猶予を申請します。要件を満たせば原則1年まで、分割や延滞税の軽減・免除が認められ得ます。放置すると財産の滞納処分のおそれがあります。\n税務署への相談・納税の猶予・必要書類・分割・滞納処分の回避。\n滞納処分になる前に税務署へ相談を。\n納税の猶予は分割で最長1年まで認められ得ます。\n猶予で延滞税の一部が軽減・免除されることも。\n全額払えなくても、期限内の申告は原則必要です。\n猶予の申請\n全額納付で事業や生活の維持が困難なら、納税の猶予を申請します。資力を示す資料を添えれば、原則最長1年の猶予が認められ、分割納付や、要件を満たせば延滞税の軽減・免除が可能です。要は、債務が膨らむ前に早めに相談することです。\n滞納処分の回避\n未対応の税債務は督促、最終的には預金や売掛金などの差押えに至り得ます。（払えなくても）期限内に申告し、納付について相談を始めることが有効です。金額が大きい、または状況が複雑な場合は、税理士が申請の作成や条件交渉を支援できます。","url":"/ja/tax/what-to-do-when-you-cannot-pay-your-taxes","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices:ja","entityId":"guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"税の通知の読み方","plainText":"税の郵便物は2つの機関から届きます。税務署（所得税・予定納税通知・更正・督促）と市区町村（住民税）です。対応前にどの税・どの窓口かを見極め、督促は決して放置しないこと。\n国税の通知・住民税の通知・予定納税通知・更正・督促。\n税務署：所得税・予定納税・更正・督促の通知。\n市区町村：住民税の課税・納付通知。\n更正の通知は税額を変更するもの。理由を確認。\n督促は滞納処分前の重要な段階。必ず対応を。\n通知の種類\n税務署からは、予定納税の通知（7月・11月の前払い）、税額を変更する更正の通知、督促状などが届きます。市区町村からは住民税の課税決定と納付書が届きます。いずれも金額・理由や根拠・期限が書かれています。対応前に3点を必ず確認しましょう。\n正しい対応\n通知を正しい窓口に対応させます。住民税の誤りは市区町村、国税は税務署で、取り違えないこと。更正に不服があれば、期限のある不服申立ての手続きがあります。通知が資料提出の求めや調査の通知なら、記録を整え、対応前に専門家の関与を検討します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/understanding-japanese-tax-notices","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","guide:national-vs-municipal-tax-problems","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"新宿区","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"税の郵便物は2つの機関から届きます。税務署（所得税・予定納税通知・更正・督促）と市区町村（住民税）です。対応前にどの税・どの窓口かを見極め、督促は決して放置しないこと。\n国税の通知・住民税の通知・予定納税通知・更正・督促。\n税務署：所得税・予定納税・更正・督促の通知。\n市区町村：住民税の課税・納付通知。\n更正の通知は税額を変更するもの。理由を確認。\n督促は滞納処分前の重要な段階。必ず対応を。\n通知の種類\n税務署からは、予定納税の通知（7月・11月の前払い）、税額を変更する更正の通知、督促状などが届きます。市区町村からは住民税の課税決定と納付書が届きます。いずれも金額・理由や根拠・期限が書かれています。対応前に3点を必ず確認しましょう。\n正しい対応\n通知を正しい窓口に対応させます。住民税の誤りは市区町村、国税は税務署で、取り違えないこと。更正に不服があれば、期限のある不服申立ての手続きがあります。通知が資料提出の求めや調査の通知なら、記録を整え、対応前に専門家の関与を検討します。","url":"/ja/tax/understanding-japanese-tax-notices","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"個人の税務調査ガイド","plainText":"税務調査は通常、所得と経費を帳簿で確認する手続きです。帳簿と証拠を整理して備え、税理士に代理を依頼でき、よくある誤りは、推測で答える・記録を隠す・分からないことまで答えることです。\n調査の契機・資料の求め・準備・代理・よくある誤り。\n調査は異常値（大きな控除・現金商売・不整合な記録）が契機になりがち。\n帳簿・請求書・証拠の提示を求められます。事前に整理を。\n税理士に代理を依頼できます。\n推測や隠蔽は避け、正確に答え、裏づけ資料を示す。\n準備\n調査の通知を受けたら、帳簿・請求書・契約・銀行やカードの記録、大きい/異例の控除の裏づけ資料を集めます。調査官は、申告した所得と経費が記録と実態に合うかを確認します。事前に不足資料を再構成し勘定を突合しておくと、摩擦や想定外を減らせます。\n調査中・調査後\n税理士を代理人として立ち会わせることができます。質問には正確に答え、求められた記録を提示し、推測や隠蔽は避けます（仮装には重加算税）。調査官の是正案に不服があれば不服申立ての手続きがあります。定型を超える事案では、専門家の代理が有効です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices","guide:japan-tax-penalties-and-interest","guide:how-long-to-keep-tax-records-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/tetsuzuki/chosa_shido/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"税務調査は通常、所得と経費を帳簿で確認する手続きです。帳簿と証拠を整理して備え、税理士に代理を依頼でき、よくある誤りは、推測で答える・記録を隠す・分からないことまで答えることです。\n調査の契機・資料の求め・準備・代理・よくある誤り。\n調査は異常値（大きな控除・現金商売・不整合な記録）が契機になりがち。\n帳簿・請求書・証拠の提示を求められます。事前に整理を。\n税理士に代理を依頼できます。\n推測や隠蔽は避け、正確に答え、裏づけ資料を示す。\n準備\n調査の通知を受けたら、帳簿・請求書・契約・銀行やカードの記録、大きい/異例の控除の裏づけ資料を集めます。調査官は、申告した所得と経費が記録と実態に合うかを確認します。事前に不足資料を再構成し勘定を突合しておくと、摩擦や想定外を減らせます。\n調査中・調査後\n税理士を代理人として立ち会わせることができます。質問には正確に答え、求められた記録を提示し、推測や隠蔽は避けます（仮装には重加算税）。調査官の是正案に不服があれば不服申立ての手続きがあります。定型を超える事案では、専門家の代理が有効です。","url":"/ja/tax/japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:national-vs-municipal-tax-problems:ja","entityId":"guide:national-vs-municipal-tax-problems","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"国税の問題と地方税の問題","plainText":"所得税・消費税・贈与税・相続税は国税で税務署の管轄、住民税・個人事業税・固定資産税/都市計画税・不動産取得税は地方税で市区町村または都道府県の管轄です。\n所得税・住民税・固定資産税・事業税・通知の誤りは、どの窓口か。\n国税（税務署）：所得税・消費税・贈与税・相続税。\n市区町村：住民税・固定資産税/都市計画税。\n都道府県：個人事業税・不動産取得税・自動車税。\n住民税の誤りは税務署ではなく市区町村で訂正。\n管轄の対応\n税務署は所得税・消費税・贈与税・相続税を、そして市区町村は住民税と固定資産税/都市計画税を、都道府県は個人事業税・不動産取得税・自動車税を扱います。住民税は国税のデータを基に計算されるため、所得税の変更が住民税に波及しますが、住民税の通知自体は地方で訂正します。\n問題の振り分け\n連絡前に通知の税目を特定し、対応する窓口へ振り分けます。国税の更正は税務署、住民税の賦課誤りは市区町村、事業税・取得税は都道府県です。窓口を間違えると時間を無駄にし、短い不服申立て期限を逃すおそれがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/national-vs-municipal-tax-problems","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:understanding-japanese-tax-notices","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"新宿区","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"所得税・消費税・贈与税・相続税は国税で税務署の管轄、住民税・個人事業税・固定資産税/都市計画税・不動産取得税は地方税で市区町村または都道府県の管轄です。\n所得税・住民税・固定資産税・事業税・通知の誤りは、どの窓口か。\n国税（税務署）：所得税・消費税・贈与税・相続税。\n市区町村：住民税・固定資産税/都市計画税。\n都道府県：個人事業税・不動産取得税・自動車税。\n住民税の誤りは税務署ではなく市区町村で訂正。\n管轄の対応\n税務署は所得税・消費税・贈与税・相続税を、そして市区町村は住民税と固定資産税/都市計画税を、都道府県は個人事業税・不動産取得税・自動車税を扱います。住民税は国税のデータを基に計算されるため、所得税の変更が住民税に波及しますが、住民税の通知自体は地方で訂正します。\n問題の振り分け\n連絡前に通知の税目を特定し、対応する窓口へ振り分けます。国税の更正は税務署、住民税の賦課誤りは市区町村、事業税・取得税は都道府県です。窓口を間違えると時間を無駄にし、短い不服申立て期限を逃すおそれがあります。","url":"/ja/tax/national-vs-municipal-tax-problems","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:employee-taxes-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:employee-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"会社員の税金","plainText":"会社員は給与ごとに所得税と社会保険が天引きされ、年末調整で精算されます。住民税は翌年に課税され、副収入・医療費・住宅ローン初年度・年途中退職などの場合のみ確定申告します。\n給与天引き・年末調整・住民税・控除・還付・申告が必要な場合。\n所得税と社会保険は毎月の給与から天引きされます。\n年末調整で多くの会社員の所得税が精算されます。\n住民税（約10%）は翌年に請求されます。\n副収入・医療費・住宅ローン初年度・年途中退職は確定申告を。\n給与から引かれるもの\n各給与から、健康保険・厚生年金・雇用保険・（該当時）介護保険、所得税の源泉徴収、そして（前年の課税がある場合）住民税が差し引かれます。課税給与と社会保険の標準報酬は一致しないため、金額は必ずしも一致しません。\n会社員でも申告する場合\n年末調整は会社が支払った給与を対象にしますが、20万円超の副収入、年末調整されない2社目、不動産や投資の所得、医療費控除、ワンストップを超える寄付、住宅ローン控除初年度は対象外です。これらは源泉徴収票を起点に確定申告します。年末前の退職は通常、還付申告になります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/employee-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file","faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","guide:year-end-adjustment-guide","guide:taxes-on-employee-side-income"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/users/gensen/nencho/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"新宿区","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"会社員は給与ごとに所得税と社会保険が天引きされ、年末調整で精算されます。住民税は翌年に課税され、副収入・医療費・住宅ローン初年度・年途中退職などの場合のみ確定申告します。\n給与天引き・年末調整・住民税・控除・還付・申告が必要な場合。\n所得税と社会保険は毎月の給与から天引きされます。\n年末調整で多くの会社員の所得税が精算されます。\n住民税（約10%）は翌年に請求されます。\n副収入・医療費・住宅ローン初年度・年途中退職は確定申告を。\n給与から引かれるもの\n各給与から、健康保険・厚生年金・雇用保険・（該当時）介護保険、所得税の源泉徴収、そして（前年の課税がある場合）住民税が差し引かれます。課税給与と社会保険の標準報酬は一致しないため、金額は必ずしも一致しません。\n会社員でも申告する場合\n年末調整は会社が支払った給与を対象にしますが、20万円超の副収入、年末調整されない2社目、不動産や投資の所得、医療費控除、ワンストップを超える寄付、住宅ローン控除初年度は対象外です。これらは源泉徴収票を起点に確定申告します。年末前の退職は通常、還付申告になります。","url":"/ja/tax/employee-taxes-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"給与明細の読み方","plainText":"給与明細は3部構成です。支給（基本給・手当・残業・賞与）、控除（健康保険・年金・雇用保険・所得税と住民税の天引き）、そして差引支給額（手取り）。課税ベースと社会保険ベースは異なります。\n基本給・手当・残業・課税給付・社会保険・所得税・住民税・手取り。\n支給：基本給・各種手当・残業・通勤費・賞与。\n控除：健康保険・厚生年金・雇用保険・所得税・住民税。\n通勤費は一定額まで非課税のことが多い。\n課税ベースと社会保険ベースは計算が異なります。\n3つのブロック\n支給には基本給・手当・残業・課税給付・通勤費・賞与が並びます。控除には健康保険・厚生年金・雇用保険・（該当時）介護保険・所得税の源泉徴収・住民税が並びます。差引支給額が口座に入る手取りです。通勤費は支給に載っても一定額まで非課税のことが多いです。\nベースが異なる理由\n所得税の源泉徴収は課税給与と扶養の申告に基づき、厚生年金の保険料は基本給・残業・通勤や住宅の手当を含み得る標準報酬に基づきます。ベースが違うため、一方の控除の変化が他方に比例して動くわけではありません。住民税は前年の課税がある場合のみ現れ、これが2年目の6月に始まる理由です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","guide:employee-taxes-in-japan","guide:why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"給与明細は3部構成です。支給（基本給・手当・残業・賞与）、控除（健康保険・年金・雇用保険・所得税と住民税の天引き）、そして差引支給額（手取り）。課税ベースと社会保険ベースは異なります。\n基本給・手当・残業・課税給付・社会保険・所得税・住民税・手取り。\n支給：基本給・各種手当・残業・通勤費・賞与。\n控除：健康保険・厚生年金・雇用保険・所得税・住民税。\n通勤費は一定額まで非課税のことが多い。\n課税ベースと社会保険ベースは計算が異なります。\n3つのブロック\n支給には基本給・手当・残業・課税給付・通勤費・賞与が並びます。控除には健康保険・厚生年金・雇用保険・（該当時）介護保険・所得税の源泉徴収・住民税が並びます。差引支給額が口座に入る手取りです。通勤費は支給に載っても一定額まで非課税のことが多いです。\nベースが異なる理由\n所得税の源泉徴収は課税給与と扶養の申告に基づき、厚生年金の保険料は基本給・残業・通勤や住宅の手当を含み得る標準報酬に基づきます。ベースが違うため、一方の控除の変化が他方に比例して動くわけではありません。住民税は前年の課税がある場合のみ現れ、これが2年目の6月に始まる理由です。","url":"/ja/tax/how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"源泉徴収票の読み方","plainText":"源泉徴収票は1年の要約です。支払金額は額面、給与所得控除後の金額は給与所得控除後の所得、所得控除の額の合計額は控除合計、源泉徴収税額は天引き税額で、これらを申告に転記します。\n源泉徴収票の主要項目・数字の関係・申告での使い方。\n支払金額＝その年の給与支払総額。\n給与所得控除後の金額＝給与所得控除後の所得。\n所得控除の額の合計額＝給与計算で適用された控除合計。\n源泉徴収税額＝源泉徴収された所得税＋復興特別所得税。\n主要項目\n上から順に、支払金額（額面）、給与所得控除後の金額（給与所得控除後の所得）、所得控除の額の合計額（反映された控除合計）、源泉徴収税額（天引き税額）、社会保険料等の金額、控除対象扶養親族等、住宅借入金等特別控除の額（給与で使った住宅ローン控除）、摘要（備考・前職情報・特別区分）です。\n使い方\n副収入・医療費・還付などで申告する際、給与の金額と源泉徴収額はこの票から転記でき、再計算は不要です。転職した場合は前職の源泉徴収票を新しい会社に渡すと年末調整で合算でき、されなかった場合は両方の票を使って確定申告します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-payslip","guide:taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","guide:how-to-file-a-japanese-tax-return"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"源泉徴収票は1年の要約です。支払金額は額面、給与所得控除後の金額は給与所得控除後の所得、所得控除の額の合計額は控除合計、源泉徴収税額は天引き税額で、これらを申告に転記します。\n源泉徴収票の主要項目・数字の関係・申告での使い方。\n支払金額＝その年の給与支払総額。\n給与所得控除後の金額＝給与所得控除後の所得。\n所得控除の額の合計額＝給与計算で適用された控除合計。\n源泉徴収税額＝源泉徴収された所得税＋復興特別所得税。\n主要項目\n上から順に、支払金額（額面）、給与所得控除後の金額（給与所得控除後の所得）、所得控除の額の合計額（反映された控除合計）、源泉徴収税額（天引き税額）、社会保険料等の金額、控除対象扶養親族等、住宅借入金等特別控除の額（給与で使った住宅ローン控除）、摘要（備考・前職情報・特別区分）です。\n使い方\n副収入・医療費・還付などで申告する際、給与の金額と源泉徴収額はこの票から転記でき、再計算は不要です。転職した場合は前職の源泉徴収票を新しい会社に渡すと年末調整で合算でき、されなかった場合は両方の票を使って確定申告します。","url":"/ja/tax/how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:year-end-adjustment-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:year-end-adjustment-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"年末調整ガイド","plainText":"年末調整は、会社が基礎・配偶者・扶養・社会保険料・保険料の各控除（2年目以降は住宅ローン控除）を適用して所得税を精算する手続きです。申告書と保険料証明書を期限までに提出します。\n必要書類・対象控除・会社の流れ・対象範囲・よくある誤り。\n申告書と保険料・iDeCoの証明書を提出します。\n主要控除を適用しますが、医療費・寄付・住宅ローン初年度は対象外。\n2年目以降は住宅ローン控除を給与で処理できます。\n前職の源泉徴収票があれば合算調整ができます。\n書類と控除\n基礎・配偶者・扶養の申告書、証明書付きの保険料控除申告書、（2年目以降は）住宅ローン控除の書類を提出します。会社は基礎・配偶者/配偶者特別・扶養・社会保険料・生命/地震保険料の各控除を適用し、源泉徴収票を作成します。小規模企業共済やiDeCoの掛金も証明書があれば含められます。\n対象外\n年末調整は、医療費控除、ワンストップを超える寄付、住宅ローン控除初年度、給与以外の所得を扱えません。これらは確定申告が必要です。よくある誤りは、提出期限の徒過、保険料証明書の失念、そして対象外の副業まで調整されると思い込むことです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/year-end-adjustment-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:year-end-adjustment-vs-final-return","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:employee-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/users/gensen/nencho/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"年末調整は、会社が基礎・配偶者・扶養・社会保険料・保険料の各控除（2年目以降は住宅ローン控除）を適用して所得税を精算する手続きです。申告書と保険料証明書を期限までに提出します。\n必要書類・対象控除・会社の流れ・対象範囲・よくある誤り。\n申告書と保険料・iDeCoの証明書を提出します。\n主要控除を適用しますが、医療費・寄付・住宅ローン初年度は対象外。\n2年目以降は住宅ローン控除を給与で処理できます。\n前職の源泉徴収票があれば合算調整ができます。\n書類と控除\n基礎・配偶者・扶養の申告書、証明書付きの保険料控除申告書、（2年目以降は）住宅ローン控除の書類を提出します。会社は基礎・配偶者/配偶者特別・扶養・社会保険料・生命/地震保険料の各控除を適用し、源泉徴収票を作成します。小規模企業共済やiDeCoの掛金も証明書があれば含められます。\n対象外\n年末調整は、医療費控除、ワンストップを超える寄付、住宅ローン控除初年度、給与以外の所得を扱えません。これらは確定申告が必要です。よくある誤りは、提出期限の徒過、保険料証明書の失念、そして対象外の副業まで調整されると思い込むことです。","url":"/ja/tax/year-end-adjustment-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"転職したときの税金","plainText":"前職の源泉徴収票を新しい会社に渡すと、両方の給与を合算して年末調整できます。空白期間・年末調整されない2社目・票の不足があれば、確定申告で精算します。\n前職の源泉徴収票・合算調整・空白期間・確定申告。\n前職の源泉徴収票は速やかに新しい会社へ。\n合算の年末調整で両方の給与が精算されます。\n空白期間は社会保険と源泉徴収に影響し得ます。\n合算調整がなければ両方の票で確定申告を。\n給与の合算\n年内に転職した場合、新しい会社は両方の給与について年末調整できますが、前職の源泉徴収票を提出した場合に限られます。その票に前職の給与と源泉徴収額が載っており、合算計算が正しくなります。届かなければ前職に発行を依頼します。\n空白と申告\n転職の空白期間は健康保険・年金の加入に影響し（その間、国民健康保険・国民年金を払っていることがある）、これらの保険料は控除対象です。新しい会社が票を合算できなかった、または他に所得があった場合は、両方の票で確定申告します。年末前に完全に離職した場合は通常、還付申告になります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job","guide:how-to-read-a-japanese-withholding-certificate","guide:year-end-adjustment-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/users/gensen/nencho/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"前職の源泉徴収票を新しい会社に渡すと、両方の給与を合算して年末調整できます。空白期間・年末調整されない2社目・票の不足があれば、確定申告で精算します。\n前職の源泉徴収票・合算調整・空白期間・確定申告。\n前職の源泉徴収票は速やかに新しい会社へ。\n合算の年末調整で両方の給与が精算されます。\n空白期間は社会保険と源泉徴収に影響し得ます。\n合算調整がなければ両方の票で確定申告を。\n給与の合算\n年内に転職した場合、新しい会社は両方の給与について年末調整できますが、前職の源泉徴収票を提出した場合に限られます。その票に前職の給与と源泉徴収額が載っており、合算計算が正しくなります。届かなければ前職に発行を依頼します。\n空白と申告\n転職の空白期間は健康保険・年金の加入に影響し（その間、国民健康保険・国民年金を払っていることがある）、これらの保険料は控除対象です。新しい会社が票を合算できなかった、または他に所得があった場合は、両方の票で確定申告します。年末前に完全に離職した場合は通常、還付申告になります。","url":"/ja/tax/taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"退職後の税金","plainText":"年末前の退職は会社が税を精算しないため、還付申告をします。一方で住民税は前年所得に基づき続き、法定の失業給付は原則非課税、健康保険と年金の切替が必要です。\n年末調整なし・還付申告・住民税・失業給付・保険の切替。\n年末調整なし → 還付申告を。\n住民税は失業に関係なく前年所得で続きます。\n法定の失業給付（求職者給付）は原則非課税。\n国民健康保険・国民年金へ切替（いずれも控除対象）。\n還付申告\n会社は1年分の給与を前提に源泉徴収するため、年途中の退職では源泉徴収が過大になりがちです。源泉徴収票で還付申告し、退職後に払った医療費控除・寄付・社会保険料も加えられます。請求期限は5年ですが、早く申告するほど早く戻ります。\n住民税と保険\n住民税は前年所得に基づくため、失業中でも届き続けます。備えておきましょう。法定の求職者給付は原則非課税で配偶者判定でも給与のようには扱われませんが、私的な所得補償は異なり得ます。退職後は国民健康保険・国民年金（または扶養/任意継続）に加入し、控除対象となる保険料の領収書を保管します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-after-leaving-a-job","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-when-changing-jobs-in-japan","guide:severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2030.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"新宿区","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"年末前の退職は会社が税を精算しないため、還付申告をします。一方で住民税は前年所得に基づき続き、法定の失業給付は原則非課税、健康保険と年金の切替が必要です。\n年末調整なし・還付申告・住民税・失業給付・保険の切替。\n年末調整なし → 還付申告を。\n住民税は失業に関係なく前年所得で続きます。\n法定の失業給付（求職者給付）は原則非課税。\n国民健康保険・国民年金へ切替（いずれも控除対象）。\n還付申告\n会社は1年分の給与を前提に源泉徴収するため、年途中の退職では源泉徴収が過大になりがちです。源泉徴収票で還付申告し、退職後に払った医療費控除・寄付・社会保険料も加えられます。請求期限は5年ですが、早く申告するほど早く戻ります。\n住民税と保険\n住民税は前年所得に基づくため、失業中でも届き続けます。備えておきましょう。法定の求職者給付は原則非課税で配偶者判定でも給与のようには扱われませんが、私的な所得補償は異なり得ます。退職後は国民健康保険・国民年金（または扶養/任意継続）に加入し、控除対象となる保険料の領収書を保管します。","url":"/ja/tax/taxes-after-leaving-a-job","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-employee-side-income:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-employee-side-income","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"会社員の副収入の税金","plainText":"給与所得者は、経費控除後の副収入が20万円を超えると原則申告します。20万円以下では国の申告は不要でも住民税申告は通常必要で、正しい所得区分が経費と損失を左右します。\n副業・クリエイター/プラットフォーム収入・経費・20万円ルール・住民税申告。\n判定は売上ではなく経費控除後の所得。\n20万円超は国の申告、以下は通常、住民税申告。\n区分（事業か雑か）で経費・損失のルールが決まる。\nプラットフォーム収入は出金時ではなく稼得時に課税。\n20万円の判定\n副収入から直接関係する経費を引き、20万円を超えれば国の申告をします。例：アフィリエイト30万円−プラットフォーム/広告費8万円＝22万円で基準超過。20万円以下でも、自治体は通常その所得の住民税申告を求めます。\n区分と勤務先\n副業が事業か雑かは、継続性・規模・帳簿で決まり、損失が給与と通算できるか（事業）否か（雑）を左右します。副業が勤務先に知られる懸念については、住民税の徴収方法の選択は自治体次第で秘匿は保証されません。成長し組織化した副業は、事業所得として意図的に扱う方が適切です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-on-employee-side-income","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-200000-yen-side-income-rule","guide:side-business-tax-japan","guide:the-10-types-of-income-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1900.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1350.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"給与所得者は、経費控除後の副収入が20万円を超えると原則申告します。20万円以下では国の申告は不要でも住民税申告は通常必要で、正しい所得区分が経費と損失を左右します。\n副業・クリエイター/プラットフォーム収入・経費・20万円ルール・住民税申告。\n判定は売上ではなく経費控除後の所得。\n20万円超は国の申告、以下は通常、住民税申告。\n区分（事業か雑か）で経費・損失のルールが決まる。\nプラットフォーム収入は出金時ではなく稼得時に課税。\n20万円の判定\n副収入から直接関係する経費を引き、20万円を超えれば国の申告をします。例：アフィリエイト30万円−プラットフォーム/広告費8万円＝22万円で基準超過。20万円以下でも、自治体は通常その所得の住民税申告を求めます。\n区分と勤務先\n副業が事業か雑かは、継続性・規模・帳簿で決まり、損失が給与と通算できるか（事業）否か（雑）を左右します。副業が勤務先に知られる懸念については、住民税の徴収方法の選択は自治体次第で秘匿は保証されません。成長し組織化した副業は、事業所得として意図的に扱う方が適切です。","url":"/ja/tax/taxes-on-employee-side-income","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本から外国雇用主のためにリモートワーク","plainText":"日本に住み、外国雇用主のために日本で働く場合、その給与は原則日本源泉で、日本の源泉徴収がなくても日本で課税されます。申告・納付が必要になりやすく、恒久的施設・社会保障・条約の論点も生じ得ます。\n日本源泉の給与・源泉徴収の欠落・想定税額・恒久的施設と条約の論点。\n日本で行った労働は、海外口座に支払われても日本源泉。\n日本の源泉徴収がなくても給与は非課税になりません。\n申告が必要になりやすく、予定納税が生じることも。\n恒久的施設・社会保障・条約の論点があり得ます。専門家へ。\n日本で課税される理由\n日本は労働を行った場所で給与所得を課税します。日本から働く居住者なら、外国雇用主からの給与は、雇用主が日本の給与計算をせず海外口座に支払っても、日本源泉で日本で課税されます。日本の源泉徴収がないため、原則として確定申告・納付が必要で、予定納税の対象になることもあります。\nより大きなリスク\n自分の所得税に加え、あなたの就労が雇用主に恒久的施設の論点を生じさせ得ます。社会保障（どちらの国の制度か）は社会保障協定で定まることがあります。条約は源泉地国の課税権を変え得ます。これらは事実次第の国際論点です。初回申告前に税理士で立場を確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status","faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained","guide:taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"日本に住み、外国雇用主のために日本で働く場合、その給与は原則日本源泉で、日本の源泉徴収がなくても日本で課税されます。申告・納付が必要になりやすく、恒久的施設・社会保障・条約の論点も生じ得ます。\n日本源泉の給与・源泉徴収の欠落・想定税額・恒久的施設と条約の論点。\n日本で行った労働は、海外口座に支払われても日本源泉。\n日本の源泉徴収がなくても給与は非課税になりません。\n申告が必要になりやすく、予定納税が生じることも。\n恒久的施設・社会保障・条約の論点があり得ます。専門家へ。\n日本で課税される理由\n日本は労働を行った場所で給与所得を課税します。日本から働く居住者なら、外国雇用主からの給与は、雇用主が日本の給与計算をせず海外口座に支払っても、日本源泉で日本で課税されます。日本の源泉徴収がないため、原則として確定申告・納付が必要で、予定納税の対象になることもあります。\nより大きなリスク\n自分の所得税に加え、あなたの就労が雇用主に恒久的施設の論点を生じさせ得ます。社会保障（どちらの国の制度か）は社会保障協定で定まることがあります。条約は源泉地国の課税権を変え得ます。これらは事実次第の国際論点です。初回申告前に税理士で立場を確認してください。","url":"/ja/tax/remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"退職金の税金","plainText":"適格な退職金は優遇されます。退職所得控除（勤続1年40万円、20年超は増額）を引き、その1/2に課税します。ただし退職所得の受給に関する申告書を出さないと20.42%が源泉徴収され、精算が必要です。\n退職所得控除・1/2課税・退職所得の受給申告・短期勤続の扱い。\n控除：勤続1年40万円（20年まで最低80万円）。\n20年超：800万円＋1年ごと70万円。\n超過額の1/2のみ課税（原則）。\n受給申告書を出さないと20.42%が源泉徴収。\n計算方法\n退職所得控除は勤続1年40万円、20年以下は最低80万円、20年超は800万円＋1年70万円です。退職金から控除を引き、残りの原則1/2に課税します。勤続25年なら控除は800万円＋70万円×5＝1,150万円。退職金1,500万円なら（1,500万円−1,150万円）×1/2＝175万円が退職所得です。\n申告と例外\n退職所得の受給に関する申告書を支払者に出せば、正しい優遇額が源泉徴収され通常は追加申告不要です。出さないと20.42%が源泉徴収され、精算のため申告が必要です。短期勤続や短期の役員退職金には1/2優遇を縮小・排除する規定があり、複数の退職金は相互に影響します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:retirement-income-tax","guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job","guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1420.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"適格な退職金は優遇されます。退職所得控除（勤続1年40万円、20年超は増額）を引き、その1/2に課税します。ただし退職所得の受給に関する申告書を出さないと20.42%が源泉徴収され、精算が必要です。\n退職所得控除・1/2課税・退職所得の受給申告・短期勤続の扱い。\n控除：勤続1年40万円（20年まで最低80万円）。\n20年超：800万円＋1年ごと70万円。\n超過額の1/2のみ課税（原則）。\n受給申告書を出さないと20.42%が源泉徴収。\n計算方法\n退職所得控除は勤続1年40万円、20年以下は最低80万円、20年超は800万円＋1年70万円です。退職金から控除を引き、残りの原則1/2に課税します。勤続25年なら控除は800万円＋70万円×5＝1,150万円。退職金1,500万円なら（1,500万円−1,150万円）×1/2＝175万円が退職所得です。\n申告と例外\n退職所得の受給に関する申告書を支払者に出せば、正しい優遇額が源泉徴収され通常は追加申告不要です。出さないと20.42%が源泉徴収され、精算のため申告が必要です。短期勤続や短期の役員退職金には1/2優遇を縮小・排除する規定があり、複数の退職金は相互に影響します。","url":"/ja/tax/severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes:ja","entityId":"guide:why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"給与が変わると住民税が遅れて変わる理由","plainText":"住民税は常に前年所得に基づき6月〜翌5月に徴収されるため、昇給や減給は1年遅れて住民税に反映されます。来日者は2年目に大きく請求され、退職者は退職後に請求されることがあります。\n前年課税・6月からの徴収サイクル・転職・一括徴収と普通徴収。\n住民税は所得に約1年遅れます。\n徴収は6月〜翌5月。\n今年の昇給は翌年の住民税を上げます（逆も同様）。\n転職で一括徴収や普通徴収になることがあります。\n1年のずれ\n市区町村は前年所得に住民税を課し、6月〜翌5月に徴収します。今の給与明細の住民税欄は今年ではなく前年を反映します。今年の大幅昇給は翌年の住民税を静かに上げ、減給や失業でもすぐには下がらないため、現在の所得と食い違って感じられます。\n転職と徴収\n転職・退職時は、特別徴収（給与天引き）が残額の一括徴収や、市区町村が直接請求して分割で払う普通徴収に切り替わることがあります。来日者は1年目の負担が小さく2年目に驚きがちで、出国者は前年分の住民税が残ることがあり、出国前に納付を手配すべきです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-tax-timing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan","guide:taxes-after-leaving-a-job","guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"新宿区","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"住民税は常に前年所得に基づき6月〜翌5月に徴収されるため、昇給や減給は1年遅れて住民税に反映されます。来日者は2年目に大きく請求され、退職者は退職後に請求されることがあります。\n前年課税・6月からの徴収サイクル・転職・一括徴収と普通徴収。\n住民税は所得に約1年遅れます。\n徴収は6月〜翌5月。\n今年の昇給は翌年の住民税を上げます（逆も同様）。\n転職で一括徴収や普通徴収になることがあります。\n1年のずれ\n市区町村は前年所得に住民税を課し、6月〜翌5月に徴収します。今の給与明細の住民税欄は今年ではなく前年を反映します。今年の大幅昇給は翌年の住民税を静かに上げ、減給や失業でもすぐには下がらないため、現在の所得と食い違って感じられます。\n転職と徴収\n転職・退職時は、特別徴収（給与天引き）が残額の一括徴収や、市区町村が直接請求して分割で払う普通徴収に切り替わることがあります。来日者は1年目の負担が小さく2年目に驚きがちで、出国者は前年分の住民税が残ることがあり、出国前に納付を手配すべきです。","url":"/ja/tax/why-resident-tax-changes-after-your-salary-changes","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-basic-deduction:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-basic-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"基礎控除","plainText":"基礎控除はすべての納税者が受けられる基礎的な控除ですが、額は総所得に応じて変わり高所得でゼロまで逓減します。2025〜2026年改正で区分が変わったため、当年の数値を使ってください。\n当年の控除区分・所得制限・改正の経緯。\nほとんどの納税者が受けられる基礎的控除。\n額は総所得次第で、高所得で逓減。\n2025〜2026年改正で区分変更。古い数値の再利用は不可。\n会社員は通常、年末調整の申告書で申請。\n額と所得制限\n基礎控除はほぼ全員の課税所得から差し引かれますが、高所得者は減額され、法定の上限を超えると消失します。2025年・2026年改正で（給与所得控除や扶養の基準とともに）区分が調整されたため、正しい額は前年のスプレッドシートではなく当年の国税庁資料やソフトから取得してください。\n申請方法\n会社員は年末調整の申告書で、申告者は確定申告で基礎控除を申請します。国税庁の作成コーナーでは所得を入力すれば自動で適用されます。逓減は配偶者・扶養の基準と連動するため、大きな賞与や譲渡益で適用が変わることがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-basic-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","guide:japan-income-tax-rates-and-brackets"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1199.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"基礎控除はすべての納税者が受けられる基礎的な控除ですが、額は総所得に応じて変わり高所得でゼロまで逓減します。2025〜2026年改正で区分が変わったため、当年の数値を使ってください。\n当年の控除区分・所得制限・改正の経緯。\nほとんどの納税者が受けられる基礎的控除。\n額は総所得次第で、高所得で逓減。\n2025〜2026年改正で区分変更。古い数値の再利用は不可。\n会社員は通常、年末調整の申告書で申請。\n額と所得制限\n基礎控除はほぼ全員の課税所得から差し引かれますが、高所得者は減額され、法定の上限を超えると消失します。2025年・2026年改正で（給与所得控除や扶養の基準とともに）区分が調整されたため、正しい額は前年のスプレッドシートではなく当年の国税庁資料やソフトから取得してください。\n申請方法\n会社員は年末調整の申告書で、申告者は確定申告で基礎控除を申請します。国税庁の作成コーナーでは所得を入力すれば自動で適用されます。逓減は配偶者・扶養の基準と連動するため、大きな賞与や譲渡益で適用が変わることがあります。","url":"/ja/tax/japan-basic-deduction","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction:ja","entityId":"guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"配偶者控除・配偶者特別控除","plainText":"法律婚の配偶者の合計所得が上限内（2025年以降は合計所得58万円、給与約123万円）なら配偶者控除を受けられます。それを超えると配偶者特別控除が逓減し、本人の合計所得が1,000万円を超えると受けられません。\n所得基準・本人の所得制限・法律婚・逓減。\n法律婚かつ生計を一にすることが要件。事実婚は不可。\n2025年以降、配偶者の所得上限は合計所得58万円（給与約123万円）。\nそれを超えると配偶者特別控除が逓減。\n本人の所得が1,000万円超で消失。\n対象者\n配偶者控除は「配偶者がパートかどうか」で決まりません。法律婚と生計を一にすることが要件で、配偶者の合計所得・本人の所得・年末の状況を見ます。2025年以降、配偶者控除を満額受けられる配偶者の所得上限は合計所得58万円で、最低65万円の給与所得控除が効く場合の給与123万円に相当します。\n逓減\n配偶者の所得上限を超えると配偶者特別控除が適用され、配偶者所得の増加とともに逓減します。別に本人の所得も影響し、1,000万円手前から逓減し、合計所得1,000万円超で消失します。青色事業専従者として給与を受ける配偶者は、原則、控除対象配偶者にはなれません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:dependent-deduction-in-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:japan-basic-deduction"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1191.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1195.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"法律婚の配偶者の合計所得が上限内（2025年以降は合計所得58万円、給与約123万円）なら配偶者控除を受けられます。それを超えると配偶者特別控除が逓減し、本人の合計所得が1,000万円を超えると受けられません。\n所得基準・本人の所得制限・法律婚・逓減。\n法律婚かつ生計を一にすることが要件。事実婚は不可。\n2025年以降、配偶者の所得上限は合計所得58万円（給与約123万円）。\nそれを超えると配偶者特別控除が逓減。\n本人の所得が1,000万円超で消失。\n対象者\n配偶者控除は「配偶者がパートかどうか」で決まりません。法律婚と生計を一にすることが要件で、配偶者の合計所得・本人の所得・年末の状況を見ます。2025年以降、配偶者控除を満額受けられる配偶者の所得上限は合計所得58万円で、最低65万円の給与所得控除が効く場合の給与123万円に相当します。\n逓減\n配偶者の所得上限を超えると配偶者特別控除が適用され、配偶者所得の増加とともに逓減します。別に本人の所得も影響し、1,000万円手前から逓減し、合計所得1,000万円超で消失します。青色事業専従者として給与を受ける配偶者は、原則、控除対象配偶者にはなれません。","url":"/ja/tax/spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:dependent-deduction-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:dependent-deduction-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"扶養控除","plainText":"生計を一にし、所得が基準内の親族について扶養控除を受けられます（年末で判定）。特定扶養（19〜22歳）は控除が大きく、国外扶養は続柄と送金の証明が必要です。\n対象親族・年齢・所得・生計・国外扶養。\n対象：生計を一にし所得が基準内の親族。\n年末（12月31日の状況）で判定。\n19〜22歳（特定扶養）は控除が大きい。\n国外扶養は続柄・送金の書類が必要。\n対象者\n扶養親族は、生計を一にし合計所得が基準内の（血族・姻族の）親族で、判定は年末に行います。仕送りで扶養していれば同居は必ずしも不要です。控除額は年齢で変わり、19〜22歳の特定扶養は控除が大きく、老人扶養にも独自の額があります。\n国外扶養\n国外に住む親族の扶養は、続柄を証明する書類（戸籍や出生記録など、翻訳付き）と、実際に扶養している送金の証明が必要です。国内扶養より要件が厳しく否認されやすいため、各非居住者親族への日付入りの明確な送金記録を保管してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/dependent-deduction-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1180.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"生計を一にし、所得が基準内の親族について扶養控除を受けられます（年末で判定）。特定扶養（19〜22歳）は控除が大きく、国外扶養は続柄と送金の証明が必要です。\n対象親族・年齢・所得・生計・国外扶養。\n対象：生計を一にし所得が基準内の親族。\n年末（12月31日の状況）で判定。\n19〜22歳（特定扶養）は控除が大きい。\n国外扶養は続柄・送金の書類が必要。\n対象者\n扶養親族は、生計を一にし合計所得が基準内の（血族・姻族の）親族で、判定は年末に行います。仕送りで扶養していれば同居は必ずしも不要です。控除額は年齢で変わり、19〜22歳の特定扶養は控除が大きく、老人扶養にも独自の額があります。\n国外扶養\n国外に住む親族の扶養は、続柄を証明する書類（戸籍や出生記録など、翻訳付き）と、実際に扶養している送金の証明が必要です。国内扶養より要件が厳しく否認されやすいため、各非居住者親族への日付入りの明確な送金記録を保管してください。","url":"/ja/tax/dependent-deduction-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:medical-expense-deduction:ja","entityId":"guide:medical-expense-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"医療費控除","plainText":"本人や生計を一にする家族のために年内に払った対象医療費から、補填と10万円（総所得200万円未満は5%）を引いた額（上限200万円）を控除できます。確定申告で申請し、領収書は5年保管します。\n対象費用・補填・しきい値・家族分・5年保管。\n式：費用−補填−10万円（総所得200万円未満は5%）。\n上限：控除200万円。\n生計を一にする家族の分も、本人が支払えば対象。\n明細書を提出、領収書は5年保管。年末調整では不可、確定申告が必要。\n仕組み\nその年に払った対象医療費を合計し、それに対応する保険等の補填を引き、しきい値（10万円、総所得200万円未満なら5%）を引きます。結果（上限200万円）が控除額です。例：費用50万円−補填10万円−しきい値10万円＝控除30万円。\n対象と記録\n対象は、本人や生計を一にする家族の治療・処方・一定の通院交通費などですが、実際に支払った額のみ（未払いは対象外）で、美容目的は原則対象外です。医療費控除の明細書を申告に添え、領収書は5年保管します。控除には確定申告が必要で、年末調整では受けられません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/medical-expense-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:self-medication-tax-deduction","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1120.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"本人や生計を一にする家族のために年内に払った対象医療費から、補填と10万円（総所得200万円未満は5%）を引いた額（上限200万円）を控除できます。確定申告で申請し、領収書は5年保管します。\n対象費用・補填・しきい値・家族分・5年保管。\n式：費用−補填−10万円（総所得200万円未満は5%）。\n上限：控除200万円。\n生計を一にする家族の分も、本人が支払えば対象。\n明細書を提出、領収書は5年保管。年末調整では不可、確定申告が必要。\n仕組み\nその年に払った対象医療費を合計し、それに対応する保険等の補填を引き、しきい値（10万円、総所得200万円未満なら5%）を引きます。結果（上限200万円）が控除額です。例：費用50万円−補填10万円−しきい値10万円＝控除30万円。\n対象と記録\n対象は、本人や生計を一にする家族の治療・処方・一定の通院交通費などですが、実際に支払った額のみ（未払いは対象外）で、美容目的は原則対象外です。医療費控除の明細書を申告に添え、領収書は5年保管します。控除には確定申告が必要で、年末調整では受けられません。","url":"/ja/tax/medical-expense-deduction","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:self-medication-tax-deduction:ja","entityId":"guide:self-medication-tax-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"セルフメディケーション税制","plainText":"セルフメディケーション税制は、健康の維持増進の取組要件を満たす人が、対象の市販薬購入のうち1.2万円を超える分（控除上限8.8万円）を控除できる制度です。ただしその年は医療費控除との選択制です。\n対象製品・しきい値・上限・健康維持要件・医療費控除との比較。\n対象の市販薬（スイッチOTC等）の購入で1.2万円超が対象。\n控除上限は8.8万円。\n健康維持の取組（健診・予防接種等）が要件。\n医療費控除とは併用不可。どちらかを選択。\n仕組み\nその年に健康維持の取組（健診・予防接種など）を行った人は、対象の市販薬購入のうち1.2万円を超える分を、控除上限8.8万円まで控除できます。対象製品には表示があり、領収書で確認できます。引用の規定により2026年まで利用可能です。\n選択の判断\n同一年に医療費控除とセルフメディケーション税制は併用できないため比較します。対象医療費が高額なら通常の医療費控除（しきい値10万円）が有利なことが多く、対象市販薬中心で大きな医療費が少なければセルフメディケーション（しきい値1.2万円）が有利なこともあります。申告前に両方を試算しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/self-medication-tax-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:medical-expense-deduction","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:when-to-file-for-a-tax-refund"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1129.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1120.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"セルフメディケーション税制は、健康の維持増進の取組要件を満たす人が、対象の市販薬購入のうち1.2万円を超える分（控除上限8.8万円）を控除できる制度です。ただしその年は医療費控除との選択制です。\n対象製品・しきい値・上限・健康維持要件・医療費控除との比較。\n対象の市販薬（スイッチOTC等）の購入で1.2万円超が対象。\n控除上限は8.8万円。\n健康維持の取組（健診・予防接種等）が要件。\n医療費控除とは併用不可。どちらかを選択。\n仕組み\nその年に健康維持の取組（健診・予防接種など）を行った人は、対象の市販薬購入のうち1.2万円を超える分を、控除上限8.8万円まで控除できます。対象製品には表示があり、領収書で確認できます。引用の規定により2026年まで利用可能です。\n選択の判断\n同一年に医療費控除とセルフメディケーション税制は併用できないため比較します。対象医療費が高額なら通常の医療費控除（しきい値10万円）が有利なことが多く、対象市販薬中心で大きな医療費が少なければセルフメディケーション（しきい値1.2万円）が有利なこともあります。申告前に両方を試算しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/self-medication-tax-deduction","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン控除","plainText":"住宅ローン控除は、要件を満たす自己居住の住宅について、年末ローン残高の一定割合を税額から控除します。初年度は物件・ローン・省エネの書類を添えて確定申告し、2年目以降は会社員なら年末調整で処理できます。\n初年度申告・2年目以降の給与処理・対象住宅・省エネ基準・必要書類。\n所得控除ではなく税額控除（税額を直接減らす）。\n初年度は書類を添えて確定申告が必要。\n2年目以降は年末調整で処理可能。\n省エネ性能・建築時期・床面積・所得・借入限度が影響。\n初年度\n初年度は、住宅ローンの残高証明・登記事項・売買/請負契約、そして新築は省エネ基準の書類を添えて確定申告します。2024〜2025年入居の多くの区分は対象年末残高の0.7%で、限度額と期間は建築時期・省エネ性能・床面積・家族構成・住宅区分で変わります。\n2年目以降と要件\n2年目以降、会社員は証明書を受け取り、年末調整で控除を適用できます。すべての新築が対象ではなく、省エネや建築時期の要件を満たさない住宅は、自己居住でも新築の控除を受けられないことがあります。所得や借入の上限もあるため、入居年の当年ルールを確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:property-taxes-in-japan","guide:mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"住宅ローン控除は、要件を満たす自己居住の住宅について、年末ローン残高の一定割合を税額から控除します。初年度は物件・ローン・省エネの書類を添えて確定申告し、2年目以降は会社員なら年末調整で処理できます。\n初年度申告・2年目以降の給与処理・対象住宅・省エネ基準・必要書類。\n所得控除ではなく税額控除（税額を直接減らす）。\n初年度は書類を添えて確定申告が必要。\n2年目以降は年末調整で処理可能。\n省エネ性能・建築時期・床面積・所得・借入限度が影響。\n初年度\n初年度は、住宅ローンの残高証明・登記事項・売買/請負契約、そして新築は省エネ基準の書類を添えて確定申告します。2024〜2025年入居の多くの区分は対象年末残高の0.7%で、限度額と期間は建築時期・省エネ性能・床面積・家族構成・住宅区分で変わります。\n2年目以降と要件\n2年目以降、会社員は証明書を受け取り、年末調整で控除を適用できます。すべての新築が対象ではなく、省エネや建築時期の要件を満たさない住宅は、自己居住でも新築の控除を受けられないことがあります。所得や借入の上限もあるため、入居年の当年ルールを確認してください。","url":"/ja/tax/mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:insurance-and-pension-premium-deductions:ja","entityId":"guide:insurance-and-pension-premium-deductions","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"社会保険料・生命保険料・地震保険料控除","plainText":"本人（や扶養する家族）が払う社会保険料は原則全額控除、生命保険料・地震保険料は区分ごとの法定上限まで控除できます。いずれも保険会社の証明書を使い、年末調整か確定申告で申請します。\n各控除の対象・証明書・法定上限・年末調整と申告。\n社会保険（健康・年金・雇用）：本人負担分は全額控除。\n扶養する家族の分を本人が払えば含められます。\n生命保険：区分（旧/新契約）ごとに上限。\n地震保険：上限あり。保険会社の証明書が必要。\n社会保険料控除\n健康保険・年金・雇用保険・国民年金などで本人が負担した保険料は原則全額控除で、生計を一にする家族の分を本人が払った場合（例：子の国民年金）も含められます。会社員は通常給与で処理されますが、（転職の空白期間などに）自分で払った分は証拠を添えて申告します。\n生命・地震保険\n生命保険料は、旧契約・新契約で扱いが異なり、区分（一般生命・介護医療・個人年金）ごとに法定の算式と上限の下で控除できます。地震保険料は上限まで控除できます。いずれも保険会社の年間証明書で申請し、年末調整で適用できます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/insurance-and-pension-premium-deductions","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:ideco-tax-deduction","guide:year-end-adjustment-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1130.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1140.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1145.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"本人（や扶養する家族）が払う社会保険料は原則全額控除、生命保険料・地震保険料は区分ごとの法定上限まで控除できます。いずれも保険会社の証明書を使い、年末調整か確定申告で申請します。\n各控除の対象・証明書・法定上限・年末調整と申告。\n社会保険（健康・年金・雇用）：本人負担分は全額控除。\n扶養する家族の分を本人が払えば含められます。\n生命保険：区分（旧/新契約）ごとに上限。\n地震保険：上限あり。保険会社の証明書が必要。\n社会保険料控除\n健康保険・年金・雇用保険・国民年金などで本人が負担した保険料は原則全額控除で、生計を一にする家族の分を本人が払った場合（例：子の国民年金）も含められます。会社員は通常給与で処理されますが、（転職の空白期間などに）自分で払った分は証拠を添えて申告します。\n生命・地震保険\n生命保険料は、旧契約・新契約で扱いが異なり、区分（一般生命・介護医療・個人年金）ごとに法定の算式と上限の下で控除できます。地震保険料は上限まで控除できます。いずれも保険会社の年間証明書で申請し、年末調整で適用できます。","url":"/ja/tax/insurance-and-pension-premium-deductions","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ideco-tax-deduction:ja","entityId":"guide:ideco-tax-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"iDeCoの税制メリット","plainText":"iDeCoの掛金は小規模企業共済等掛金控除として全額所得控除でき、口座内の運用益は非課税で繰り延べられ、受取時は年金または退職所得として課税されます。掛金上限は就労・年金の区分で異なります。\n掛金控除・非課税運用・受取時課税・要件・上限。\n掛金は全額所得控除。\n口座内の運用益は非課税で繰延。\n受取時は年金または退職所得として課税。\n上限は就労・年金区分次第。原則60歳まで引き出せません。\n3つの税メリット\niDeCoには3つの税優遇があります。掛金は今の課税所得を減らし（小規模企業共済等掛金控除で申請）、運用益は口座内では課税されず、受取時は方法により年金所得または退職所得として課税されます。掛金上限は、会社員・公務員・自営業・扶養配偶者のいずれかで異なります。\n受取の設計\niDeCoの一時金受取は退職所得控除を使いますが、会社の退職金や勤続年数と重複し得るため、両方を控除が重複する形で受け取ると認められないことがあり、時期が重要です。原則60歳まで引き出せず受取ルールも複雑なため、頼りにする前に受取を試算しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/ideco-tax-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan","guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1135.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"iDeCoの掛金は小規模企業共済等掛金控除として全額所得控除でき、口座内の運用益は非課税で繰り延べられ、受取時は年金または退職所得として課税されます。掛金上限は就労・年金の区分で異なります。\n掛金控除・非課税運用・受取時課税・要件・上限。\n掛金は全額所得控除。\n口座内の運用益は非課税で繰延。\n受取時は年金または退職所得として課税。\n上限は就労・年金区分次第。原則60歳まで引き出せません。\n3つの税メリット\niDeCoには3つの税優遇があります。掛金は今の課税所得を減らし（小規模企業共済等掛金控除で申請）、運用益は口座内では課税されず、受取時は方法により年金所得または退職所得として課税されます。掛金上限は、会社員・公務員・自営業・扶養配偶者のいずれかで異なります。\n受取の設計\niDeCoの一時金受取は退職所得控除を使いますが、会社の退職金や勤続年数と重複し得るため、両方を控除が重複する形で受け取ると認められないことがあり、時期が重要です。原則60歳まで引き出せず受取ルールも複雑なため、頼りにする前に受取を試算しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/ideco-tax-deduction","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:small-business-mutual-aid-tax-deduction:ja","entityId":"guide:small-business-mutual-aid-tax-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"小規模企業共済の控除","plainText":"小規模企業共済は、個人事業主や小規模企業の役員向けの退職金制度で、掛金は全額所得控除、共済金は退職所得や年金として優遇課税されます。自営業者が控除しながら退職資金を作る一般的な方法です。\n対象掛金・税務・個人事業主への適性・受取の留意点。\n個人事業主・小規模企業の経営者/役員向け。\n掛金は全額控除（iDeCoと同じ控除枠）。\n共済金は退職所得や年金として課税。\n適性・掛金の柔軟性・受取条件を確認。\n制度の概要\n中小機構が運営する小規模企業共済は、対象の自営業者や小規模企業の役員が、退職金に向けて月々の掛金を積み立てる制度です。掛金は（iDeCoと共通の）小規模企業共済等掛金控除で全額控除でき、今の税を減らしながら資金を作れます。\n受取と適性\n退職や廃業時の共済金は退職所得や年金として課税され、一般に有利です。控除でき規律的な退職手段を求める個人事業主に向きますが、早期解約や貸付のルールがあるため、条件やiDeCo・将来の退職金との関係を確認してから加入しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/small-business-mutual-aid-tax-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ideco-tax-deduction","guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1135.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"中小機構","url":"https://www.smrj.go.jp/kyosai/skyosai/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"小規模企業共済は、個人事業主や小規模企業の役員向けの退職金制度で、掛金は全額所得控除、共済金は退職所得や年金として優遇課税されます。自営業者が控除しながら退職資金を作る一般的な方法です。\n対象掛金・税務・個人事業主への適性・受取の留意点。\n個人事業主・小規模企業の経営者/役員向け。\n掛金は全額控除（iDeCoと同じ控除枠）。\n共済金は退職所得や年金として課税。\n適性・掛金の柔軟性・受取条件を確認。\n制度の概要\n中小機構が運営する小規模企業共済は、対象の自営業者や小規模企業の役員が、退職金に向けて月々の掛金を積み立てる制度です。掛金は（iDeCoと共通の）小規模企業共済等掛金控除で全額控除でき、今の税を減らしながら資金を作れます。\n受取と適性\n退職や廃業時の共済金は退職所得や年金として課税され、一般に有利です。控除でき規律的な退職手段を求める個人事業主に向きますが、早期解約や貸付のルールがあるため、条件やiDeCo・将来の退職金との関係を確認してから加入しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/small-business-mutual-aid-tax-deduction","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:furusato-nozei-one-stop-vs-tax-return:ja","entityId":"guide:furusato-nozei-one-stop-vs-tax-return","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ふるさと納税：ワンストップと確定申告","plainText":"確定申告しない人で寄付先が5自治体以下ならワンストップ特例を使えます。ただし何らかの理由で確定申告すると、ワンストップは無効になり、すべてのふるさと納税を申告に含める必要があります。\n要件・5自治体の上限・確定申告での無効化・書類の扱い。\nワンストップ：確定申告しない人で寄付先5自治体以下。\n各自治体に期限までにワンストップ書類を提出。\n（何らかの理由で）確定申告するとワンストップは無効。\n申告する場合は、全寄付を受領書とともに申告に含める。\nどちらの手続きか\nワンストップ特例は、確定申告しない給与所得者で寄付先が5自治体以下の人向けで、各自治体に書類を送ると住民税で控除されます。医療費・副収入・投資損失などで既に確定申告する場合はワンストップを使えず、すべての寄付を申告に記載します。\nよくある落とし穴\nよくある誤りは、ワンストップ書類を出した後に（例えば医療費控除のため）確定申告し、寄付を入れ直さないことです。確定申告するとワンストップの申請は無効になるため、申告で寄付を漏らすと控除を丸ごと失います。申告することになったら、必ずすべてのふるさと納税を受領書付きで含めてください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/furusato-nozei-one-stop-vs-tax-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-furusato"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:furusato-nozei-explained","guide:complete-guide-to-tax-deductions-in-japan","guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1155.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1150.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"確定申告しない人で寄付先が5自治体以下ならワンストップ特例を使えます。ただし何らかの理由で確定申告すると、ワンストップは無効になり、すべてのふるさと納税を申告に含める必要があります。\n要件・5自治体の上限・確定申告での無効化・書類の扱い。\nワンストップ：確定申告しない人で寄付先5自治体以下。\n各自治体に期限までにワンストップ書類を提出。\n（何らかの理由で）確定申告するとワンストップは無効。\n申告する場合は、全寄付を受領書とともに申告に含める。\nどちらの手続きか\nワンストップ特例は、確定申告しない給与所得者で寄付先が5自治体以下の人向けで、各自治体に書類を送ると住民税で控除されます。医療費・副収入・投資損失などで既に確定申告する場合はワンストップを使えず、すべての寄付を申告に記載します。\nよくある落とし穴\nよくある誤りは、ワンストップ書類を出した後に（例えば医療費控除のため）確定申告し、寄付を入れ直さないことです。確定申告するとワンストップの申請は無効になるため、申告で寄付を漏らすと控除を丸ごと失います。申告することになったら、必ずすべてのふるさと納税を受領書付きで含めてください。","url":"/ja/tax/furusato-nozei-one-stop-vs-tax-return","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:freelancer-taxes-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:freelancer-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスの税金","plainText":"フリーランスは事業所得（収入−必要経費）を申告し、帳簿を付け、青色申告を選べば特別控除や損失繰越が使え、消費税の納税義務は別途判定し、毎年確定申告します。所得税の利益と課税売上は別物です。\n開業・所得区分・経費・記帳・青色申告・消費税・申告。\n事業所得＝収入−必要経費。帳簿を付ける。\n青色申告の選択で特別控除・損失繰越が使える。\n消費税の納税義務は所得税の利益とは別判定。\n毎年確定申告。予定納税の対象になることも。\n開業から申告まで\n開業届の提出前でも事業所得は課税され得ますが、届出を出し、最大の控除を得るには期限までに青色申告を申請します。日付・相手先・勘定・税区分・証憑を記録する帳簿を付け、事業用口座を分け、毎月突合します。所得税は、収入−経費−青色控除の利益に基づきます。\n別々の税のレイヤー\n所得税のほか、住民税（翌年課税）、個人事業税（法定業種）、消費税（利益ではなく課税売上で判定）に注意します。適格請求書発行事業者は売上1,000万円以下でも消費税の納税義務があります。これらすべてに現金を確保しましょう。所得税だけを見込むのはよくある資金繰りの失敗です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/freelancer-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi"],"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"フリーランスは事業所得（収入−必要経費）を申告し、帳簿を付け、青色申告を選べば特別控除や損失繰越が使え、消費税の納税義務は別途判定し、毎年確定申告します。所得税の利益と課税売上は別物です。\n開業・所得区分・経費・記帳・青色申告・消費税・申告。\n事業所得＝収入−必要経費。帳簿を付ける。\n青色申告の選択で特別控除・損失繰越が使える。\n消費税の納税義務は所得税の利益とは別判定。\n毎年確定申告。予定納税の対象になることも。\n開業から申告まで\n開業届の提出前でも事業所得は課税され得ますが、届出を出し、最大の控除を得るには期限までに青色申告を申請します。日付・相手先・勘定・税区分・証憑を記録する帳簿を付け、事業用口座を分け、毎月突合します。所得税は、収入−経費−青色控除の利益に基づきます。\n別々の税のレイヤー\n所得税のほか、住民税（翌年課税）、個人事業税（法定業種）、消費税（利益ではなく課税売上で判定）に注意します。適格請求書発行事業者は売上1,000万円以下でも消費税の納税義務があります。これらすべてに現金を確保しましょう。所得税だけを見込むのはよくある資金繰りの失敗です。","url":"/ja/tax/freelancer-taxes-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:individual-enterprise-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:individual-enterprise-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"個人事業税","plainText":"個人事業税は法定の業種に課される都道府県税で、年約290万円の事業主控除の後、原則3%・4%・5%の税率で課されます。所得税の青色申告特別控除は事業税の計算では控除できません。\n対象業種・事業主控除・税率・地方での賦課。\n法定業種に課される都道府県税。\n事業主控除：年約290万円。\n税率は業種により原則3%・4%・5%。\n青色申告特別控除は事業税を減らしません。\n対象者\n事業税は法定の業種にのみ課され、多くの業種が対象ですが、対象外の活動もあります。事業主控除（原則年290万円）を引いた後に課税されるため、これを下回る小規模事業は納付ゼロです。都道府県が賦課し、通常8月と11月に請求します。所得税の申告データから算定されるため、通常は別途申告しません。\n計算方法\n課税標準は概ね事業税ルールでの事業所得で、重要な点として所得税の青色申告特別控除は加算し戻すため、事業税の課税標準を減らしません。税率は法定業種により原則3%・4%・5%です。業種区分や軽減は都道府県で異なるため、区分は地元で確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/individual-enterprise-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:freelancer-taxes-in-japan","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:estimated-tax-payments-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"個人事業税は法定の業種に課される都道府県税で、年約290万円の事業主控除の後、原則3%・4%・5%の税率で課されます。所得税の青色申告特別控除は事業税の計算では控除できません。\n対象業種・事業主控除・税率・地方での賦課。\n法定業種に課される都道府県税。\n事業主控除：年約290万円。\n税率は業種により原則3%・4%・5%。\n青色申告特別控除は事業税を減らしません。\n対象者\n事業税は法定の業種にのみ課され、多くの業種が対象ですが、対象外の活動もあります。事業主控除（原則年290万円）を引いた後に課税されるため、これを下回る小規模事業は納付ゼロです。都道府県が賦課し、通常8月と11月に請求します。所得税の申告データから算定されるため、通常は別途申告しません。\n計算方法\n課税標準は概ね事業税ルールでの事業所得で、重要な点として所得税の青色申告特別控除は加算し戻すため、事業税の課税標準を減らしません。税率は法定業種により原則3%・4%・5%です。業種区分や軽減は都道府県で異なるため、区分は地元で確認してください。","url":"/ja/tax/individual-enterprise-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:home-office-expenses:ja","entityId":"guide:home-office-expenses","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"家事按分（在宅の経費）","plainText":"在宅で働く場合、家賃・光熱費・通信費のうち事業使用分だけを、床面積や使用時間など合理的な基準で按分して経費にできます。「在宅だから」で住居費を100%経費にはできません。\n家賃・光熱費・通信・按分方法・証拠。\n事業使用分のみ経費（家事按分）。\n合理的方法：床面積・専用部屋・使用時間・データ量。\n計算を保存し、状況が変われば更新。\n在宅だからと家賃/光熱費を全額経費にはできない。\n公平な按分\n混合費用は、客観的に事業に使う割合だけ経費にできます。家賃・光熱費は床面積（仕事だけに使う部分の割合）、通信費は使用時間やデータ量が一般的な基準です。どの基準でも、記録して一貫して適用します。専用の作業部屋があると按分を説明しやすくなります。\n証拠とリスク\n床面積の計算、按分方法のメモ、元の請求書を保管します。住居費・光熱費の過大按分は調査でよく是正されるため、保守的で現実的に。引っ越し・部屋の変更・在宅割合の変化があれば計算を更新します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/home-office-expenses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","guide:equipment-and-depreciation","guide:freelancer-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"在宅で働く場合、家賃・光熱費・通信費のうち事業使用分だけを、床面積や使用時間など合理的な基準で按分して経費にできます。「在宅だから」で住居費を100%経費にはできません。\n家賃・光熱費・通信・按分方法・証拠。\n事業使用分のみ経費（家事按分）。\n合理的方法：床面積・専用部屋・使用時間・データ量。\n計算を保存し、状況が変われば更新。\n在宅だからと家賃/光熱費を全額経費にはできない。\n公平な按分\n混合費用は、客観的に事業に使う割合だけ経費にできます。家賃・光熱費は床面積（仕事だけに使う部分の割合）、通信費は使用時間やデータ量が一般的な基準です。どの基準でも、記録して一貫して適用します。専用の作業部屋があると按分を説明しやすくなります。\n証拠とリスク\n床面積の計算、按分方法のメモ、元の請求書を保管します。住居費・光熱費の過大按分は調査でよく是正されるため、保守的で現実的に。引っ越し・部屋の変更・在宅割合の変化があれば計算を更新します。","url":"/ja/tax/home-office-expenses","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:equipment-and-depreciation:ja","entityId":"guide:equipment-and-depreciation","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"設備と減価償却","plainText":"1年を超えて使う設備は原則、耐用年数で減価償却し、一括では経費にできません。ただし少額資産・一括償却・青色申告の少額特例により、小額のものは早く費用化できます。\n資産計上・耐用年数・少額資産・青色の小額特例。\n長期使用資産は資産計上し減価償却（一括経費不可）。\n国税庁が示す一般的な目安は取得価額10万円以上。\n少額資産・一括償却で小額のものは早期費用化。\n青色申告者は少額資産の即時償却の特例あり。\n資産計上の判断\n当年を超えて使う資産（PC・カメラ・什器など）は、原則、法定耐用年数で減価償却します。国税庁の一般的な案内は取得価額10万円以上の減価償却を示しています。取得価額・取得日・耐用年数・償却累計を記録する固定資産台帳を付けましょう。\n早期償却\n早く費用化する制度があります。少額のものは即時経費、一定の中額帯は3年一括償却、青色申告者は年間限度内で少額資産を即時費用化できます。消費税の処理や補助金は償却の基礎を変えるため、その調整も記録します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/equipment-and-depreciation","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-office-expenses","guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","guide:rental-property-depreciation"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"1年を超えて使う設備は原則、耐用年数で減価償却し、一括では経費にできません。ただし少額資産・一括償却・青色申告の少額特例により、小額のものは早く費用化できます。\n資産計上・耐用年数・少額資産・青色の小額特例。\n長期使用資産は資産計上し減価償却（一括経費不可）。\n国税庁が示す一般的な目安は取得価額10万円以上。\n少額資産・一括償却で小額のものは早期費用化。\n青色申告者は少額資産の即時償却の特例あり。\n資産計上の判断\n当年を超えて使う資産（PC・カメラ・什器など）は、原則、法定耐用年数で減価償却します。国税庁の一般的な案内は取得価額10万円以上の減価償却を示しています。取得価額・取得日・耐用年数・償却累計を記録する固定資産台帳を付けましょう。\n早期償却\n早く費用化する制度があります。少額のものは即時経費、一定の中額帯は3年一括償却、青色申告者は年間限度内で少額資産を即時費用化できます。消費税の処理や補助金は償却の基礎を変えるため、その調整も記録します。","url":"/ja/tax/equipment-and-depreciation","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:paying-family-members-from-a-business:ja","entityId":"guide:paying-family-members-from-a-business","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"家族への給与（専従者給与）","plainText":"生計を一にする配偶者や親族への支払いは自動では経費になりません。青色事業専従者給与は事前の届出と実際の労働への相当な対価が要件で、支払うとその人の配偶者控除・扶養控除は原則受けられなくなります。\n青色専従者給与・事前届出・相当な対価・失われる控除。\n家族への支払いは原則そのままでは経費不可。\n青色専従者給与は事前届出と相当な対価が必要。\n実際の労働があり、金額が相当であること。\nその人の配偶者・扶養控除は原則失う。\n青色の方法\n生計を一にする配偶者や親族への給与を経費にするには、原則、青色事業専従者の制度を使います。役割と金額を記した届出を事前に提出し、その人が実際に事業に従事し、労働に見合う相当な給与を支払います。白色申告は扱いが限定的で、実際の給与ではなく定額の事業専従者控除です。\nトレードオフ\n家族への給与はトレードオフです。給与は経費になりますが、その人の配偶者・扶養控除は原則受けられなくなり、家族側にも所得が生じます。金額を決める前に、経費になる給与と失う人的控除の両面を試算しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/paying-family-members-from-a-business","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:hiring-family-outsourcing-japan","guide:spouse-deduction-and-spouse-special-deduction","guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2075.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"生計を一にする配偶者や親族への支払いは自動では経費になりません。青色事業専従者給与は事前の届出と実際の労働への相当な対価が要件で、支払うとその人の配偶者控除・扶養控除は原則受けられなくなります。\n青色専従者給与・事前届出・相当な対価・失われる控除。\n家族への支払いは原則そのままでは経費不可。\n青色専従者給与は事前届出と相当な対価が必要。\n実際の労働があり、金額が相当であること。\nその人の配偶者・扶養控除は原則失う。\n青色の方法\n生計を一にする配偶者や親族への給与を経費にするには、原則、青色事業専従者の制度を使います。役割と金額を記した届出を事前に提出し、その人が実際に事業に従事し、労働に見合う相当な給与を支払います。白色申告は扱いが限定的で、実際の給与ではなく定額の事業専従者控除です。\nトレードオフ\n家族への給与はトレードオフです。給与は経費になりますが、その人の配偶者・扶養控除は原則受けられなくなり、家族側にも所得が生じます。金額を決める前に、経費になる給与と失う人的控除の両面を試算しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/paying-family-members-from-a-business","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors:ja","entityId":"guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"個人事業主の消費税","plainText":"個人事業主は、基準期間（原則2年前）の課税売上が1,000万円以下なら原則免税ですが、特定期間の判定・課税事業者選択・事業承継・適格請求書登録により免税を失うことがあります。\n課税売上・免税・基準期間・仕入税額控除・税率・記録。\n基準期間（原則2年前）の課税売上1,000万円以下は免税。\n特定期間の判定や課税事業者選択で免税を失うことも。\n適格請求書登録は1,000万円以下でも課税事業者に。\n課税売上と利益は別。個別に判定。\n免税の対象\n個人の基準期間は原則2年前で、そこでの課税売上が1,000万円以下なら原則免税事業者です。ただし、上半期の「特定期間」判定、課税事業者選択、事業承継、そして重要な点として適格請求書発行事業者への登録により、売上に関係なく課税事業者になります。\n納付\n課税事業者は売上に消費税を課し、仕入税額控除後の差額を納付します（または簡易課税を使用）。税率は標準税率と一部の軽減税率です。利益ではなく課税売上で判定するため、低利益でも1,000万円を超え得ます。仕入税額控除に必要な帳簿・請求書は7年保存します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold","guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"個人事業主は、基準期間（原則2年前）の課税売上が1,000万円以下なら原則免税ですが、特定期間の判定・課税事業者選択・事業承継・適格請求書登録により免税を失うことがあります。\n課税売上・免税・基準期間・仕入税額控除・税率・記録。\n基準期間（原則2年前）の課税売上1,000万円以下は免税。\n特定期間の判定や課税事業者選択で免税を失うことも。\n適格請求書登録は1,000万円以下でも課税事業者に。\n課税売上と利益は別。個別に判定。\n免税の対象\n個人の基準期間は原則2年前で、そこでの課税売上が1,000万円以下なら原則免税事業者です。ただし、上半期の「特定期間」判定、課税事業者選択、事業承継、そして重要な点として適格請求書発行事業者への登録により、売上に関係なく課税事業者になります。\n納付\n課税事業者は売上に消費税を課し、仕入税額控除後の差額を納付します（または簡易課税を使用）。税率は標準税率と一部の軽減税率です。利益ではなく課税売上で判定するため、低利益でも1,000万円を超え得ます。仕入税額控除に必要な帳簿・請求書は7年保存します。","url":"/ja/tax/consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"消費税1,000万円の基準","plainText":"1,000万円の基準は、利益ではなく基準期間（原則2年前）の課税売上で判定します。薄利でも課税事業者になり得ます。新規事業も特定期間判定・選択・インボイス登録で課税事業者になり得ます。\n課税売上と利益・基準期間・特定期間・新規事業の例外。\n判定は利益ではなく課税売上。\n個人の基準期間は原則2年前。\n特定期間の判定で早く課税事業者になることも。\n新規事業も自動的に免税ではない。\n利益ではなく売上\nよくある誤解は1,000万円を利益と考えることです。実際は基準期間（個人は原則2年前）の課税売上です。回転の高い薄利の事業は超えやすく、少額請求で高利益のコンサルは超えないこともあります。非課税項目を除いた課税売上を具体的に測ります。\n新規事業と例外\n新規事業は当初、基準期間がないため最初の年は免税のことが多いですが、常にではありません。上半期の特定期間判定（売上または給与）で2年目に課税事業者になり得え、課税事業者選択も可能で、インボイス登録は免税を完全に上書きします。2年間免税と決めつける前に見通しを試算しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","guide:consumption-tax-freelancers-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"1,000万円の基準は、利益ではなく基準期間（原則2年前）の課税売上で判定します。薄利でも課税事業者になり得ます。新規事業も特定期間判定・選択・インボイス登録で課税事業者になり得ます。\n課税売上と利益・基準期間・特定期間・新規事業の例外。\n判定は利益ではなく課税売上。\n個人の基準期間は原則2年前。\n特定期間の判定で早く課税事業者になることも。\n新規事業も自動的に免税ではない。\n利益ではなく売上\nよくある誤解は1,000万円を利益と考えることです。実際は基準期間（個人は原則2年前）の課税売上です。回転の高い薄利の事業は超えやすく、少額請求で高利益のコンサルは超えないこともあります。非課税項目を除いた課税売上を具体的に測ります。\n新規事業と例外\n新規事業は当初、基準期間がないため最初の年は免税のことが多いですが、常にではありません。上半期の特定期間判定（売上または給与）で2年目に課税事業者になり得え、課税事業者選択も可能で、インボイス登録は免税を完全に上書きします。2年間免税と決めつける前に見通しを試算しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/japan-10-million-consumption-tax-threshold","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system:ja","entityId":"guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"インボイス登録すべきか","plainText":"適格請求書発行事業者に登録すると、取引先はあなたへの支払いで仕入税額控除を受けられますが、あなたは免税だった消費税の納税義務を負います。取引先の要請や失注リスクと、税・事務負担を天秤にかけ、初期は2割特例で緩和します。\n取引先の要請・価格・失注・事務負担・消費税負担。\n登録で取引先はあなたの請求書で仕入税額控除が可能に。\n同時にあなたは課税事業者に（消費税の納税義務）。\n取引先の要請・失注と、税・事務負担を比較。\n対象なら2割特例で初期の納税額を抑えられる。\n取引先が気にする理由\n取引先は原則、仕入税額控除を受けるために適格請求書が必要です。未登録だと取引先の実質コストが上がるため、登録や価格交渉を求める先があります。もともと仕入税額控除を使えない消費者や取引先は、登録の有無を気にしません。\n判断の仕方\n試算します。売上のうち仕入税額控除が必要な事業者向けの割合、失注や値引きが納める消費税を上回るか、申告の事務負担です。対象の新規課税登録者は、経過的な2割特例により対象期間中は売上税額の2割の納付で済み、初期の負担を緩和できます。初回登録は税理士に相談すべき論点です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:invoice-system-explained","guide:the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"適格請求書発行事業者に登録すると、取引先はあなたへの支払いで仕入税額控除を受けられますが、あなたは免税だった消費税の納税義務を負います。取引先の要請や失注リスクと、税・事務負担を天秤にかけ、初期は2割特例で緩和します。\n取引先の要請・価格・失注・事務負担・消費税負担。\n登録で取引先はあなたの請求書で仕入税額控除が可能に。\n同時にあなたは課税事業者に（消費税の納税義務）。\n取引先の要請・失注と、税・事務負担を比較。\n対象なら2割特例で初期の納税額を抑えられる。\n取引先が気にする理由\n取引先は原則、仕入税額控除を受けるために適格請求書が必要です。未登録だと取引先の実質コストが上がるため、登録や価格交渉を求める先があります。もともと仕入税額控除を使えない消費者や取引先は、登録の有無を気にしません。\n判断の仕方\n試算します。売上のうち仕入税額控除が必要な事業者向けの割合、失注や値引きが納める消費税を上回るか、申告の事務負担です。対象の新規課税登録者は、経過的な2割特例により対象期間中は売上税額の2割の納付で済み、初期の負担を緩和できます。初回登録は税理士に相談すべき論点です。","url":"/ja/tax/should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"簡易課税と本則課税","plainText":"簡易課税（基準期間の課税売上5,000万円以下で選択可）は、実際の仕入税額の集計に代えて業種別のみなし仕入率（40〜90%）を使い、本則課税は実際の仕入税額を使います。選択には期限と拘束期間があるため、先に試算します。\n要件・みなし仕入率・実額仕入・拘束期間・例。\n簡易課税：基準期間の課税売上5,000万円以下で選択可。\n業種別のみなし仕入率（40〜90%）を使用。\n本則課税は実際の仕入税額を使用（仕入が大きいと有利）。\n選択には届出期限と拘束期間がある。\n2つの方法\n本則課税では、売上税額から実際の仕入税額を引きます。簡易課税（基準期間の課税売上5,000万円以下で選択した場合）は、実額の集計をせず業種別のみなし仕入率（90・80・70・60・50・40%）を適用します。課税仕入の少ないサービス業は簡易が有利なことが多く、課税仕入が大きい事業は本則が有利なこともあります。\n選択と拘束\n簡易課税の選択は届出期限があり、原則一定期間拘束されるため、毎年有利な方に乗り換えることはできません。将来、大きな仕入（設備・在庫）で多額の仕入税額控除が見込まれるなら、その年は本則が有利なことがあります。特に初回登録時は、選択前に両方を試算します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors","guide:the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6505.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"簡易課税（基準期間の課税売上5,000万円以下で選択可）は、実際の仕入税額の集計に代えて業種別のみなし仕入率（40〜90%）を使い、本則課税は実際の仕入税額を使います。選択には期限と拘束期間があるため、先に試算します。\n要件・みなし仕入率・実額仕入・拘束期間・例。\n簡易課税：基準期間の課税売上5,000万円以下で選択可。\n業種別のみなし仕入率（40〜90%）を使用。\n本則課税は実際の仕入税額を使用（仕入が大きいと有利）。\n選択には届出期限と拘束期間がある。\n2つの方法\n本則課税では、売上税額から実際の仕入税額を引きます。簡易課税（基準期間の課税売上5,000万円以下で選択した場合）は、実額の集計をせず業種別のみなし仕入率（90・80・70・60・50・40%）を適用します。課税仕入の少ないサービス業は簡易が有利なことが多く、課税仕入が大きい事業は本則が有利なこともあります。\n選択と拘束\n簡易課税の選択は届出期限があり、原則一定期間拘束されるため、毎年有利な方に乗り換えることはできません。将来、大きな仕入（設備・在庫）で多額の仕入税額控除が見込まれるなら、その年は本則が有利なことがあります。特に初回登録時は、選択前に両方を試算します。","url":"/ja/tax/simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure:ja","entityId":"guide:the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"インボイスの2割特例","plainText":"経過的な2割特例は、インボイス登録によってのみ課税事業者になった対象事業者が、2026年9月30日までの日を含む課税期間について売上税額の2割だけを納付できる制度で、登録初期の負担を緩和します。\n対象・対象期間・計算・簡易課税との関係・終了時期。\nインボイス登録によってのみ課税事業者になった事業者向け。\n本則・簡易ではなく売上税額の2割を納付。\n2026年9月30日までの日を含む課税期間が対象。\n特例終了後の対応を計画する。\n仕組み\n免税事業者だった人がインボイス登録によってのみ課税事業者になった場合、売上に係る消費税の2割だけを納付する選択ができます。本則より負担が小さくなることが多い大幅な簡素化です。詳細な要件の下、2026年9月30日までの日を含む課税期間に適用され、原則、課税期間ごとに選べます。\n特例後の計画\n特例は経過的なため、終了後の消費税がどうなるか（簡易課税と本則のどちらが合うか、登録を続ける意味があるか）を試算します。期限切れの特例を前提に価格設定せず、特例後の方式を前もって決めましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:should-you-register-for-the-invoice-system","guide:simplified-vs-general-consumption-tax","guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"経過的な2割特例は、インボイス登録によってのみ課税事業者になった対象事業者が、2026年9月30日までの日を含む課税期間について売上税額の2割だけを納付できる制度で、登録初期の負担を緩和します。\n対象・対象期間・計算・簡易課税との関係・終了時期。\nインボイス登録によってのみ課税事業者になった事業者向け。\n本則・簡易ではなく売上税額の2割を納付。\n2026年9月30日までの日を含む課税期間が対象。\n特例終了後の対応を計画する。\n仕組み\n免税事業者だった人がインボイス登録によってのみ課税事業者になった場合、売上に係る消費税の2割だけを納付する選択ができます。本則より負担が小さくなることが多い大幅な簡素化です。詳細な要件の下、2026年9月30日までの日を含む課税期間に適用され、原則、課税期間ごとに選べます。\n特例後の計画\n特例は経過的なため、終了後の消費税がどうなるか（簡易課税と本則のどちらが合うか、登録を続ける意味があるか）を試算します。期限切れの特例を前提に価格設定せず、特例後の方式を前もって決めましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/the-20-percent-invoice-special-measure","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:consumption-tax-for-landlords-and-property-owners:ja","entityId":"guide:consumption-tax-for-landlords-and-property-owners","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"大家・不動産オーナーの消費税","plainText":"住宅の家賃は原則非課税、事業用の家賃は課税で、土地の取引は建物と扱いが異なります。仕入税額控除の可否や売却時の課税は、課税事業者かどうかと物件の用途で決まります。\n住宅家賃と事業用家賃・土地と建物・購入・仕入税額控除・売却。\n住宅家賃：原則非課税、事業用家賃：課税。\n土地は建物と消費税の扱いが異なる。\n仕入税額控除は課税事業者か・用途次第。\n課税事業者の建物売却は課税、土地は非課税。\n家賃と土地\n消費税では、通常の住宅家賃は原則非課税のため住宅の大家は消費税の外にいることが多く、事業用家賃は課税です。土地の取引（地代や土地の売買）は建物と扱いが異なります。したがって混在ポートフォリオでは課税・非課税が併存し、仕入税額控除の計算に影響します。\n購入と売却\n課税事業者の建物部分は売却時に消費税が課され得ますが、土地は非課税です。購入や経費の仕入税額を回収できるかは、課税事業者であることと、賃料収入の課税・非課税の構成によります。住宅の大家は免税のことが多く、事業用の保有は仕入税額控除の機会を生むため、分析は物件ごとです。規模が大きい場合は専門家へ。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/consumption-tax-for-landlords-and-property-owners","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-taxes-in-japan","guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:consumption-tax-for-sole-proprietors"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"住宅の家賃は原則非課税、事業用の家賃は課税で、土地の取引は建物と扱いが異なります。仕入税額控除の可否や売却時の課税は、課税事業者かどうかと物件の用途で決まります。\n住宅家賃と事業用家賃・土地と建物・購入・仕入税額控除・売却。\n住宅家賃：原則非課税、事業用家賃：課税。\n土地は建物と消費税の扱いが異なる。\n仕入税額控除は課税事業者か・用途次第。\n課税事業者の建物売却は課税、土地は非課税。\n家賃と土地\n消費税では、通常の住宅家賃は原則非課税のため住宅の大家は消費税の外にいることが多く、事業用家賃は課税です。土地の取引（地代や土地の売買）は建物と扱いが異なります。したがって混在ポートフォリオでは課税・非課税が併存し、仕入税額控除の計算に影響します。\n購入と売却\n課税事業者の建物部分は売却時に消費税が課され得ますが、土地は非課税です。購入や経費の仕入税額を回収できるかは、課税事業者であることと、賃料収入の課税・非課税の構成によります。住宅の大家は免税のことが多く、事業用の保有は仕入税額控除の機会を生むため、分析は物件ごとです。規模が大きい場合は専門家へ。","url":"/ja/tax/consumption-tax-for-landlords-and-property-owners","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本株と譲渡益の税金","plainText":"上場株式の譲渡益は分離課税で合計20.315%。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）なら自動で課税されますが、損失を利益・配当と通算したり3年繰り越すために申告することもできます。\n分離課税・20.315%・特定口座・申告・損益通算。\n合計税率：20.315%（国税15%＋復興0.315%＋地方5%）。\n源泉徴収ありの特定口座は申告不要で完結。\n申告すれば損失を通算し3年繰越できる。\n申告は住民税・保険料・扶養に影響し得る。\n税率と口座\n上場株式の譲渡益は申告分離課税で合計20.315%です。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）を使うと証券会社が源泉徴収・納付するため申告不要です。源泉徴収なしの特定口座は年間報告書は出ますが自分で申告し、一般口座はすべて自分で計算します。\nあえて申告する場合\n源泉徴収口座でも申告が得なことがあります。上場株式の損失を利益や対象配当と通算でき、残った損失は継続申告で3年繰り越せます。ただし申告するとその所得が住民税の指標に加わり、国保料の上昇や扶養判定に影響し得るため、全体で比較しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","guide:how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses","guide:how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"上場株式の譲渡益は分離課税で合計20.315%。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）なら自動で課税されますが、損失を利益・配当と通算したり3年繰り越すために申告することもできます。\n分離課税・20.315%・特定口座・申告・損益通算。\n合計税率：20.315%（国税15%＋復興0.315%＋地方5%）。\n源泉徴収ありの特定口座は申告不要で完結。\n申告すれば損失を通算し3年繰越できる。\n申告は住民税・保険料・扶養に影響し得る。\n税率と口座\n上場株式の譲渡益は申告分離課税で合計20.315%です。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）を使うと証券会社が源泉徴収・納付するため申告不要です。源泉徴収なしの特定口座は年間報告書は出ますが自分で申告し、一般口座はすべて自分で計算します。\nあえて申告する場合\n源泉徴収口座でも申告が得なことがあります。上場株式の損失を利益や対象配当と通算でき、残った損失は継続申告で3年繰り越せます。ただし申告するとその所得が住民税の指標に加わり、国保料の上昇や扶養判定に影響し得るため、全体で比較しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"配当の税金","plainText":"上場配当は原則、国税15.315%＋地方5%が源泉徴収され、申告不要・総合課税（配当控除あり）・分離課税を選べます。最適は限界税率・損失・住民税・保険への影響で変わります。\n源泉徴収・申告不要・総合課税と分離課税・配当控除。\n上場配当：国税15.315%＋地方5%の源泉徴収。\n3択：申告不要・総合課税・分離課税。\n低所得では総合課税＋配当控除が有利なことも。\n大口株主・非上場配当は別ルール。\n3つの選択肢\n上場配当は、源泉徴収のまま（申告不要）、総合課税に含める（配当控除と累進税率が適用）、分離課税を使う（株式損失との通算に対応）のいずれかを選べます。低所得者は総合課税＋配当控除が有利なことがあり、高所得者は申告不要や分離課税を好むことが多いです。\n注意点\n最適は、配当控除・通算する株式損失・限界税率、そして重要な点として住民税・国保料・扶養判定によります。申告するとその所得がこれらの指標に加わるためです。大口株主や非上場配当は独自の（不利な）ルールです。選ぶ前に全体の影響を試算しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","guide:how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"上場配当は原則、国税15.315%＋地方5%が源泉徴収され、申告不要・総合課税（配当控除あり）・分離課税を選べます。最適は限界税率・損失・住民税・保険への影響で変わります。\n源泉徴収・申告不要・総合課税と分離課税・配当控除。\n上場配当：国税15.315%＋地方5%の源泉徴収。\n3択：申告不要・総合課税・分離課税。\n低所得では総合課税＋配当控除が有利なことも。\n大口株主・非上場配当は別ルール。\n3つの選択肢\n上場配当は、源泉徴収のまま（申告不要）、総合課税に含める（配当控除と累進税率が適用）、分離課税を使う（株式損失との通算に対応）のいずれかを選べます。低所得者は総合課税＋配当控除が有利なことがあり、高所得者は申告不要や分離課税を好むことが多いです。\n注意点\n最適は、配当控除・通算する株式損失・限界税率、そして重要な点として住民税・国保料・扶養判定によります。申告するとその所得がこれらの指標に加わるためです。大口株主や非上場配当は独自の（不利な）ルールです。選ぶ前に全体の影響を試算しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"株式損失の申告と繰越","plainText":"上場株式の損失は、上場株式の利益や（選択により）対象配当と通算でき、残額は3年繰り越せます。ただし利益のない年も含め、毎年継続して申告した場合に限ります。\n対象損失・配当との通算・継続申告・3年繰越。\n損失は上場株式の利益・（選択で）対象配当と通算。\n残った損失は最大3年繰越。\n利益のない年も継続申告しないと繰越は消える。\n対象口座と年間取引報告書が必要。\n通算と繰越\n上場株式で損失が出た年に申告すると、同年の上場株式の利益や、選択により対象の上場配当と通算できます。損失が残れば、将来の利益・配当と通算するため最大3年繰り越せます。値動きの大きい数年で税を大きく減らせることがあります。\n継続申告\n注意点は継続性です。繰越損失を維持するには、繰越期間中は利益のない年も含め毎年申告する必要があり、怠ると損失は消えます。年間取引報告書を保管し、複数の証券会社に損失がある場合は申告で合算します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"上場株式の損失は、上場株式の利益や（選択により）対象配当と通算でき、残額は3年繰り越せます。ただし利益のない年も含め、毎年継続して申告した場合に限ります。\n対象損失・配当との通算・継続申告・3年繰越。\n損失は上場株式の利益・（選択で）対象配当と通算。\n残った損失は最大3年繰越。\n利益のない年も継続申告しないと繰越は消える。\n対象口座と年間取引報告書が必要。\n通算と繰越\n上場株式で損失が出た年に申告すると、同年の上場株式の利益や、選択により対象の上場配当と通算できます。損失が残れば、将来の利益・配当と通算するため最大3年繰り越せます。値動きの大きい数年で税を大きく減らせることがあります。\n継続申告\n注意点は継続性です。繰越損失を維持するには、繰越期間中は利益のない年も含め毎年申告する必要があり、怠ると損失は消えます。年間取引報告書を保管し、複数の証券会社に損失がある場合は申告で合算します。","url":"/ja/tax/how-to-claim-and-carry-forward-stock-losses","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance:ja","entityId":"guide:how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"投資の申告が健康保険・給付に及ぼす影響","plainText":"損失利用や配当控除のために投資所得を申告すると、住民税・国民健康保険料・扶養・一部の給付で使う所得に加わります。国税の還付が保険料の増加で相殺されることもあります。\n住民税の所得・国民健康保険・扶養・申告選択のトレードオフ。\n投資所得の申告は住民税の所得指標に加算される。\n国民健康保険料が上がり得る。\n扶養や所得制限のある給付に影響し得る。\n国税の還付が保険料増で一部相殺されることも。\n隠れた連動\n源泉徴収口座の投資所得は、申告しない限り申告所得に入りません。損失通算や配当控除のために申告すると、その所得が住民税、そして国民健康保険加入者は保険料計算に使う所得に加わります。扶養の基準を超えさせたり、所得制限のある給付を減らすこともあります。\n賢い選択\nだからこそ申告の選択は所得税だけの問題ではありません。損失通算の還付が、保険料増や扶養喪失で一部・全部が消えることがあります。会社の健康保険の会社員は国保加入者より影響が小さいです。申告を決める前に、国税・住民税・保険料・給付を合わせて試算しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-dividends-in-japan","guide:taxes-on-japanese-stocks-and-capital-gains","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"新宿区","url":"https://www.city.shinjuku.lg.jp/hoken/file04_03_00001.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"損失利用や配当控除のために投資所得を申告すると、住民税・国民健康保険料・扶養・一部の給付で使う所得に加わります。国税の還付が保険料の増加で相殺されることもあります。\n住民税の所得・国民健康保険・扶養・申告選択のトレードオフ。\n投資所得の申告は住民税の所得指標に加算される。\n国民健康保険料が上がり得る。\n扶養や所得制限のある給付に影響し得る。\n国税の還付が保険料増で一部相殺されることも。\n隠れた連動\n源泉徴収口座の投資所得は、申告しない限り申告所得に入りません。損失通算や配当控除のために申告すると、その所得が住民税、そして国民健康保険加入者は保険料計算に使う所得に加わります。扶養の基準を超えさせたり、所得制限のある給付を減らすこともあります。\n賢い選択\nだからこそ申告の選択は所得税だけの問題ではありません。損失通算の還付が、保険料増や扶養喪失で一部・全部が消えることがあります。会社の健康保険の会社員は国保加入者より影響が小さいです。申告を決める前に、国税・住民税・保険料・給付を合わせて試算しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/how-filing-investments-affects-health-insurance","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国証券・海外証券口座の税金","plainText":"日本の居住者が外国証券から得る配当・譲渡益は日本で課税されます（海外証券は通常、日本の源泉徴収をしません）。金額は円換算し、海外で源泉徴収された外国税は外国税額控除で調整され得ます（限度と書類要件あり）。\n外国配当・譲渡益・為替・外国源泉税・外国税額控除。\n居住者の外国配当・譲渡益は日本で課税。\n海外証券は通常日本の源泉徴収をしない。自分で申告。\n金額は適切な為替で円換算。\n外国源泉税は外国税額控除で調整され得る。\n外国資産の申告\n日本の居住者なら、海外証券の配当・譲渡益は、海外証券が日本の源泉徴収をしなくても日本で課税されます。年間明細から自分で所得を計算し、各金額を適切な為替で円換算します。海外の明細やCSVを保管します。海外証券は一般口座のような手計算が一般的です。\n外国源泉税と控除\n外国はしばしば配当に源泉税を課します。日本は対象の外国所得税について、日本側の限度内で、国・所得区分・税額・納付・為替の資料を添えて外国税額控除を認め得ます。控除は必ずしも外国税の全額ではなく、条約が外国源泉税率を下げることもあります。金額が大きい場合は専門家に相談する価値があります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-crypto"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan","guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1240.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"日本の居住者が外国証券から得る配当・譲渡益は日本で課税されます（海外証券は通常、日本の源泉徴収をしません）。金額は円換算し、海外で源泉徴収された外国税は外国税額控除で調整され得ます（限度と書類要件あり）。\n外国配当・譲渡益・為替・外国源泉税・外国税額控除。\n居住者の外国配当・譲渡益は日本で課税。\n海外証券は通常日本の源泉徴収をしない。自分で申告。\n金額は適切な為替で円換算。\n外国源泉税は外国税額控除で調整され得る。\n外国資産の申告\n日本の居住者なら、海外証券の配当・譲渡益は、海外証券が日本の源泉徴収をしなくても日本で課税されます。年間明細から自分で所得を計算し、各金額を適切な為替で円換算します。海外の明細やCSVを保管します。海外証券は一般口座のような手計算が一般的です。\n外国源泉税と控除\n外国はしばしば配当に源泉税を課します。日本は対象の外国所得税について、日本側の限度内で、国・所得区分・税額・納付・為替の資料を添えて外国税額控除を認め得ます。控除は必ずしも外国税の全額ではなく、条約が外国源泉税率を下げることもあります。金額が大きい場合は専門家に相談する価値があります。","url":"/ja/tax/taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pension-income-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:pension-income-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"年金の税金","plainText":"公的年金は公的年金等控除後の雑所得です。公的年金等の収入が400万円以下かつ他の所得が20万円以下の居住者は確定申告不要にできますが、日本の源泉徴収がない外国年金があるとこの特例を使えないことがあります。\n公的年金・外国年金・公的年金等控除・源泉徴収・申告不要の特例。\n公的年金は公的年金等控除後の雑所得。\n申告不要特例：公的年金400万円以下＋他の所得20万円以下。\n日本の源泉徴収がない外国年金は特例を使えなくすることも。\n控除申請や住民税申告のため申告することも。\n年金の課税\n公的年金（日本の年金、居住者は外国年金も）は、年齢や年金額で変わる公的年金等控除後の雑所得です。日本の公的年金は通常源泉徴収されます。公的年金等の収入が400万円以下かつ他の所得が20万円以下の居住者は、確定申告不要とできる場合があります。\n外国年金と申告\n日本の源泉徴収の対象でない外国年金があると年金の申告不要ルールを使えないことがあり、外国年金の受給者は申告が必要になりがちです。特例が使える場合でも、医療費控除などのため申告を選べ、住民税申告が必要なこともあります。年金の明細や外国税の記録を保管しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/pension-income-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:retirement-income-tax","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1600.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"公的年金は公的年金等控除後の雑所得です。公的年金等の収入が400万円以下かつ他の所得が20万円以下の居住者は確定申告不要にできますが、日本の源泉徴収がない外国年金があるとこの特例を使えないことがあります。\n公的年金・外国年金・公的年金等控除・源泉徴収・申告不要の特例。\n公的年金は公的年金等控除後の雑所得。\n申告不要特例：公的年金400万円以下＋他の所得20万円以下。\n日本の源泉徴収がない外国年金は特例を使えなくすることも。\n控除申請や住民税申告のため申告することも。\n年金の課税\n公的年金（日本の年金、居住者は外国年金も）は、年齢や年金額で変わる公的年金等控除後の雑所得です。日本の公的年金は通常源泉徴収されます。公的年金等の収入が400万円以下かつ他の所得が20万円以下の居住者は、確定申告不要とできる場合があります。\n外国年金と申告\n日本の源泉徴収の対象でない外国年金があると年金の申告不要ルールを使えないことがあり、外国年金の受給者は申告が必要になりがちです。特例が使える場合でも、医療費控除などのため申告を選べ、住民税申告が必要なこともあります。年金の明細や外国税の記録を保管しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/pension-income-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:retirement-income-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:retirement-income-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"退職所得の税金","plainText":"退職所得は優遇されます。退職金から退職所得控除（勤続1年40万円、20年超は増額）を引き、その1/2に、他の所得と分離して課税します。退職所得の受給申告書を出すことが前提です。\n退職所得控除・1/2課税・勤続年数・受給申告書。\n控除：勤続1年40万円（20年まで最低80万円）。\n20年超：800万円＋1年70万円。\n超過額の1/2のみ課税、他の所得と分離。\n受給申告書を出さないと20.42%源泉徴収。\n計算\n勤続年数から退職所得控除を計算します。1年40万円（20年以下は最低80万円）、20年超は800万円＋1年70万円。退職金から控除を引き1/2にします。勤続25年・退職金1,500万円なら、控除1,150万円で（1,500万円−1,150万円）×1/2＝175万円が退職所得で、分離課税されます。\n申告書と特別ルール\n退職所得の受給申告書を支払者に提出すれば正しい優遇額が源泉徴収され、出さないと20.42%が源泉徴収され精算のため申告します。短期勤続や短期の役員退職金には1/2優遇を縮小するルールがあり、複数の退職金（DC/iDeCoの一時金を含む）は勤続年数のルールで相互作用します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/retirement-income-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:severance-and-retirement-allowance-tax","guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing","guide:pension-income-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1420.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"退職所得は優遇されます。退職金から退職所得控除（勤続1年40万円、20年超は増額）を引き、その1/2に、他の所得と分離して課税します。退職所得の受給申告書を出すことが前提です。\n退職所得控除・1/2課税・勤続年数・受給申告書。\n控除：勤続1年40万円（20年まで最低80万円）。\n20年超：800万円＋1年70万円。\n超過額の1/2のみ課税、他の所得と分離。\n受給申告書を出さないと20.42%源泉徴収。\n計算\n勤続年数から退職所得控除を計算します。1年40万円（20年以下は最低80万円）、20年超は800万円＋1年70万円。退職金から控除を引き1/2にします。勤続25年・退職金1,500万円なら、控除1,150万円で（1,500万円−1,150万円）×1/2＝175万円が退職所得で、分離課税されます。\n申告書と特別ルール\n退職所得の受給申告書を支払者に提出すれば正しい優遇額が源泉徴収され、出さないと20.42%が源泉徴収され精算のため申告します。短期勤続や短期の役員退職金には1/2優遇を縮小するルールがあり、複数の退職金（DC/iDeCoの一時金を含む）は勤続年数のルールで相互作用します。","url":"/ja/tax/retirement-income-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing:ja","entityId":"guide:ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"iDeCoと退職金の受取時期","plainText":"iDeCoの一時金と会社の退職金はどちらも退職所得控除を使い、勤続期間が重複し得ます。受取の順序や間隔を誤ると控除を無駄にしかねないため、時期を試算すべきです。\n勤続期間の重複・一時金の扱い・受取順序。\niDeCo一時金と退職金はどちらも退職所得控除を使う。\n勤続/加入期間が重複し、合算控除が制限され得る。\n受取順序と間隔が結果に影響。\n受取方法を選ぶ前に順序を試算する。\n時期が重要な理由\n退職所得控除は勤続年数（またはiDeCoの加入年数）に基づきます。会社の退職金とiDeCoの一時金という2つの一時金を受け取ると、ルールにより期間が重複扱いとなり、2つの控除を単純に足せないことがあります。受取順序や、両者の間に十分な年数を空けることで、控除をより多く残せることがあります。\nまず試算\n相互作用は複雑で、勤続年数・加入年数・金額、そしてiDeCoを一時金と年金のどちらで受け取るかによります。退職日や受取方法を確定する前に、複数案を試算しましょう。優遇控除をうっかり失わないよう、専門家に相談すべき典型的な場面です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:retirement-income-tax","guide:ideco-tax-deduction","guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1420.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"iDeCoの一時金と会社の退職金はどちらも退職所得控除を使い、勤続期間が重複し得ます。受取の順序や間隔を誤ると控除を無駄にしかねないため、時期を試算すべきです。\n勤続期間の重複・一時金の扱い・受取順序。\niDeCo一時金と退職金はどちらも退職所得控除を使う。\n勤続/加入期間が重複し、合算控除が制限され得る。\n受取順序と間隔が結果に影響。\n受取方法を選ぶ前に順序を試算する。\n時期が重要な理由\n退職所得控除は勤続年数（またはiDeCoの加入年数）に基づきます。会社の退職金とiDeCoの一時金という2つの一時金を受け取ると、ルールにより期間が重複扱いとなり、2つの控除を単純に足せないことがあります。受取順序や、両者の間に十分な年数を空けることで、控除をより多く残せることがあります。\nまず試算\n相互作用は複雑で、勤続年数・加入年数・金額、そしてiDeCoを一時金と年金のどちらで受け取るかによります。退職日や受取方法を確定する前に、複数案を試算しましょう。優遇控除をうっかり失わないよう、専門家に相談すべき典型的な場面です。","url":"/ja/tax/ideco-and-retirement-allowance-timing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords:ja","entityId":"guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"大家の不動産所得の税金","plainText":"不動産所得は、家賃＋返還不要の敷金・更新料から、固定資産税・保険・減価償却・修繕・ローン利息の賃貸対応分などの必要経費を引いた額です。ローン元本は経費にできず、青色申告で特別控除を加えられます。\n家賃・各種料金・敷金・経費・減価償却・利息・空室・青色申告。\n収入は家賃・返還不要の敷金・更新料を含む。\n経費：固定資産税・保険・減価償却・修繕・利息。\n元本返済は経費不可、利息は可の場合あり。\n例：収入240万円−経費150万円＝不動産所得90万円。\n収入に含まれるもの\n不動産所得の収入は、家賃・返還不要の敷金（礼金など）・更新料・入居者からの精算金を含みます。返還する敷金は、返還不要になるまで収入ではありません。必要経費は固定資産税・火災保険・減価償却・修繕などが一般的です。例：家賃・返還不要の料金240万円−経費150万円＝不動産所得90万円。\n利息・元本・青色申告\n対象のローン利息は経費ですが、元本返済は経費にできません（よくある誤り）。資本的支出は経費ではなく減価償却します。賃貸が事業的規模に達すれば、青色申告で特別控除や専従者給与を加えられます。購入契約・土地建物の按分・ローン明細・減価償却の予定表を保管しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/rental-income-tax-for-landlords","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:deductible-rental-property-expenses","guide:rental-property-depreciation","guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"不動産所得は、家賃＋返還不要の敷金・更新料から、固定資産税・保険・減価償却・修繕・ローン利息の賃貸対応分などの必要経費を引いた額です。ローン元本は経費にできず、青色申告で特別控除を加えられます。\n家賃・各種料金・敷金・経費・減価償却・利息・空室・青色申告。\n収入は家賃・返還不要の敷金・更新料を含む。\n経費：固定資産税・保険・減価償却・修繕・利息。\n元本返済は経費不可、利息は可の場合あり。\n例：収入240万円−経費150万円＝不動産所得90万円。\n収入に含まれるもの\n不動産所得の収入は、家賃・返還不要の敷金（礼金など）・更新料・入居者からの精算金を含みます。返還する敷金は、返還不要になるまで収入ではありません。必要経費は固定資産税・火災保険・減価償却・修繕などが一般的です。例：家賃・返還不要の料金240万円−経費150万円＝不動産所得90万円。\n利息・元本・青色申告\n対象のローン利息は経費ですが、元本返済は経費にできません（よくある誤り）。資本的支出は経費ではなく減価償却します。賃貸が事業的規模に達すれば、青色申告で特別控除や専従者給与を加えられます。購入契約・土地建物の按分・ローン明細・減価償却の予定表を保管しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/rental-income-tax-for-landlords","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:deductible-rental-property-expenses:ja","entityId":"guide:deductible-rental-property-expenses","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産の経費（賃貸）","plainText":"管理費・通常の修繕・保険・固定資産税・ローン利息・大家負担の光熱費などの当期費用は経費にできますが、ローン元本、資本的支出（減価償却）、混在物件の私用部分は経費にできません。\n管理費・修繕・保険・固定資産税・利息・光熱費・私用按分。\n当期費用：管理費・修繕・保険・固定資産税・利息・光熱費。\n経費不可：元本・資本的支出（減価償却）・私用部分。\n当期費用と資産/資本項目を分ける。\n専門家報酬・広告費の領収書も保管。\n当期費用\n経費にできる当期費用は、管理費・広告費・通常の修繕・火災保険・固定資産税・ローン利息・大家負担の光熱費・専門家報酬などです。物件ごとに別の集計を付けます。これらは支払った年の不動産所得を直接減らします。\n当期費用でないもの\n資産・資本項目は分けます。建物・土地の購入価格（土地は非償却）、大規模改良（減価償却）、ローン元本、入居者に返す敷金、資本化が必要な取得費用、私用部分です。これらを当期費用に混ぜると経費を過大計上し、調査でよく是正されます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/deductible-rental-property-expenses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements","guide:rental-property-depreciation"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"管理費・通常の修繕・保険・固定資産税・ローン利息・大家負担の光熱費などの当期費用は経費にできますが、ローン元本、資本的支出（減価償却）、混在物件の私用部分は経費にできません。\n管理費・修繕・保険・固定資産税・利息・光熱費・私用按分。\n当期費用：管理費・修繕・保険・固定資産税・利息・光熱費。\n経費不可：元本・資本的支出（減価償却）・私用部分。\n当期費用と資産/資本項目を分ける。\n専門家報酬・広告費の領収書も保管。\n当期費用\n経費にできる当期費用は、管理費・広告費・通常の修繕・火災保険・固定資産税・ローン利息・大家負担の光熱費・専門家報酬などです。物件ごとに別の集計を付けます。これらは支払った年の不動産所得を直接減らします。\n当期費用でないもの\n資産・資本項目は分けます。建物・土地の購入価格（土地は非償却）、大規模改良（減価償却）、ローン元本、入居者に返す敷金、資本化が必要な取得費用、私用部分です。これらを当期費用に混ぜると経費を過大計上し、調査でよく是正されます。","url":"/ja/tax/deductible-rental-property-expenses","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements:ja","entityId":"guide:rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"修繕費と資本的支出","plainText":"原状回復にとどまる工事は経費になる修繕費、耐用年数を延ばす・価値を高める工事は経費ではなく減価償却する資本的支出です。判定が微妙な場合には具体的な基準があります。\n当期費用と資本化・耐用年数の延長・記録。\n修繕（原状回復）→ 当期費用。\n改良（耐用年数延長・価値増）→ 資本化し減価償却。\n大規模・構造的な工事は資本的支出になりやすい。\n金額だけでなく工事内容の分かる請求書を保管。\n線引き\n修繕は物件を元の状態に戻すもの（雨漏り修理・張替え・同等品への交換）で、当期に経費化できます。資本的支出は耐用年数を延ばす・価値を高めるもの（グレードアップ・増築・大幅に優れた交換）で、期間にわたり減価償却します。金額と範囲が重要で、大規模・構造的な工事は資本寄りです。\n不確かな場合\n判定が微妙な工事には形式基準があり（少額や周期的な維持は修繕扱いにできる）、大きな改良を修繕と誤ると当期経費を過大にします。金額だけでなく工事内容を記した請求書を保管し、大規模工事は経費と減価償却の按分が説明できるよう助言を受けましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:deductible-rental-property-expenses","guide:rental-property-depreciation","guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"原状回復にとどまる工事は経費になる修繕費、耐用年数を延ばす・価値を高める工事は経費ではなく減価償却する資本的支出です。判定が微妙な場合には具体的な基準があります。\n当期費用と資本化・耐用年数の延長・記録。\n修繕（原状回復）→ 当期費用。\n改良（耐用年数延長・価値増）→ 資本化し減価償却。\n大規模・構造的な工事は資本的支出になりやすい。\n金額だけでなく工事内容の分かる請求書を保管。\n線引き\n修繕は物件を元の状態に戻すもの（雨漏り修理・張替え・同等品への交換）で、当期に経費化できます。資本的支出は耐用年数を延ばす・価値を高めるもの（グレードアップ・増築・大幅に優れた交換）で、期間にわたり減価償却します。金額と範囲が重要で、大規模・構造的な工事は資本寄りです。\n不確かな場合\n判定が微妙な工事には形式基準があり（少額や周期的な維持は修繕扱いにできる）、大きな改良を修繕と誤ると当期経費を過大にします。金額だけでなく工事内容を記した請求書を保管し、大規模工事は経費と減価償却の按分が説明できるよう助言を受けましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/rental-repairs-vs-capital-improvements","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rental-property-depreciation:ja","entityId":"guide:rental-property-depreciation","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産の減価償却","plainText":"建物（および一定の設備）は法定耐用年数で減価償却しますが、土地は償却しません。したがって購入価格を土地と建物に按分する必要があり、資料の乏しい古い物件でこの按分を再構成するには注意か専門家が必要です。\n土地と建物・按分・耐用年数・資料不足。\n建物は減価償却、土地は非償却。\n購入価格を土地と建物に按分。\n耐用年数は構造次第（木造・RCなど）。\n購入資料がないと取得費の再構成が難しい。\n土地と建物の按分\n土地は非償却のため、購入のうち建物部分だけが減価償却を生みます。契約書・固定資産税評価額・その他合理的な方法で価格を按分し、建物を構造ごとの耐用年数で償却します。設備は独自の（より短い）耐用年数を持つことがあります。\n古い物件と記録\n中古建物では過年度の償却も考慮し、購入契約がない・土地建物の按分がない非常に古い物件では、取得費の再構成が難しく誤りが生じやすくなります。誤った取得費は毎年の償却と将来の売却計算の双方に影響するため、専門家に相談すべき典型的な場面です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/rental-property-depreciation","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","guide:equipment-and-depreciation"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"建物（および一定の設備）は法定耐用年数で減価償却しますが、土地は償却しません。したがって購入価格を土地と建物に按分する必要があり、資料の乏しい古い物件でこの按分を再構成するには注意か専門家が必要です。\n土地と建物・按分・耐用年数・資料不足。\n建物は減価償却、土地は非償却。\n購入価格を土地と建物に按分。\n耐用年数は構造次第（木造・RCなど）。\n購入資料がないと取得費の再構成が難しい。\n土地と建物の按分\n土地は非償却のため、購入のうち建物部分だけが減価償却を生みます。契約書・固定資産税評価額・その他合理的な方法で価格を按分し、建物を構造ごとの耐用年数で償却します。設備は独自の（より短い）耐用年数を持つことがあります。\n古い物件と記録\n中古建物では過年度の償却も考慮し、購入契約がない・土地建物の按分がない非常に古い物件では、取得費の再構成が難しく誤りが生じやすくなります。誤った取得費は毎年の償却と将来の売却計算の双方に影響するため、専門家に相談すべき典型的な場面です。","url":"/ja/tax/rental-property-depreciation","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産購入時の税金","plainText":"不動産購入では、不動産取得税（都道府県）、所有権移転・抵当権の登録免許税、紙の契約書の印紙税、課税対象の建物部分の消費税が生じ得え、取得後は毎年の固定資産税・都市計画税がかかります。\n不動産取得税・登録免許税・印紙税・建物の消費税・毎年の税。\n取得時の不動産取得税（都道府県）。\n所有権移転・抵当権設定の登録免許税。\n紙の売買・ローン契約の印紙税。\n建物部分の消費税。土地は扱いが異なる。\n購入時の一時的な税\n購入時は、都道府県が課す不動産取得税、所有権や抵当権の登記にかかる登録免許税（評価額に法定税率、臨時軽減あり）、紙の契約書の印紙税、課税対象の建物部分の消費税が生じ得ます。土地は消費税で扱いが異なります。自己居住用住宅は軽減の対象になることが多いです。\nその後の毎年の税\n取得後は、1月1日の所有者と評価額に基づき、市区町村が固定資産税を、市街化区域では都市計画税を毎年課します。取得・登録・印紙の軽減は臨時で期日次第のため、取引日の当年税率を確認し、自己居住の軽減も確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","guide:fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes","guide:property-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"東京都主税局","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shitsumon/fudosan/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7191.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7140.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"不動産購入では、不動産取得税（都道府県）、所有権移転・抵当権の登録免許税、紙の契約書の印紙税、課税対象の建物部分の消費税が生じ得え、取得後は毎年の固定資産税・都市計画税がかかります。\n不動産取得税・登録免許税・印紙税・建物の消費税・毎年の税。\n取得時の不動産取得税（都道府県）。\n所有権移転・抵当権設定の登録免許税。\n紙の売買・ローン契約の印紙税。\n建物部分の消費税。土地は扱いが異なる。\n購入時の一時的な税\n購入時は、都道府県が課す不動産取得税、所有権や抵当権の登記にかかる登録免許税（評価額に法定税率、臨時軽減あり）、紙の契約書の印紙税、課税対象の建物部分の消費税が生じ得ます。土地は消費税で扱いが異なります。自己居住用住宅は軽減の対象になることが多いです。\nその後の毎年の税\n取得後は、1月1日の所有者と評価額に基づき、市区町村が固定資産税を、市街化区域では都市計画税を毎年課します。取得・登録・印紙の軽減は臨時で期日次第のため、取引日の当年税率を確認し、自己居住の軽減も確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産売却時の税金","plainText":"不動産の売却は不動産所得ではなく別の譲渡所得です。譲渡益は売却価格−取得費−譲渡費用で、保有期間により短期・長期の税率が異なり、取得費は既に計上した減価償却で減額されます。居住用は特例が使えることがあります。\n分離課税の譲渡所得・保有期間・取得費・減価償却・居住用特例。\n売却は不動産所得ではなく別の譲渡所得。\n譲渡益＝売却価格−取得費−譲渡費用。\n短期・長期の税率は保有期間で決まる。\n居住用は特別控除・特例の対象になり得る。\n譲渡益の計算\n譲渡益は、売却価格から取得費（土地・建物に按分）と仲介手数料などの譲渡費用を引いた額です。重要な点として、建物の取得費は賃貸中に計上した（または計上すべきだった）減価償却分だけ減額され、課税譲渡益が想定より大きくなり得ます。保有期間により、高率の短期と低率の長期に分かれます。\n居住用の特例\n自宅を売った場合は、居住用財産の特別控除など、条件を満たせば税を軽減・免除する特例があり得ます。購入契約・土地建物の按分・取得費用・改良と減価償却の履歴・売買契約・仲介手数料・居住の証拠を集めます。取得費の資料が乏しい古い物件は専門家が必要になりがちです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","guide:rental-property-depreciation","guide:property-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"不動産の売却は不動産所得ではなく別の譲渡所得です。譲渡益は売却価格−取得費−譲渡費用で、保有期間により短期・長期の税率が異なり、取得費は既に計上した減価償却で減額されます。居住用は特例が使えることがあります。\n分離課税の譲渡所得・保有期間・取得費・減価償却・居住用特例。\n売却は不動産所得ではなく別の譲渡所得。\n譲渡益＝売却価格−取得費−譲渡費用。\n短期・長期の税率は保有期間で決まる。\n居住用は特別控除・特例の対象になり得る。\n譲渡益の計算\n譲渡益は、売却価格から取得費（土地・建物に按分）と仲介手数料などの譲渡費用を引いた額です。重要な点として、建物の取得費は賃貸中に計上した（または計上すべきだった）減価償却分だけ減額され、課税譲渡益が想定より大きくなり得ます。保有期間により、高率の短期と低率の長期に分かれます。\n居住用の特例\n自宅を売った場合は、居住用財産の特別控除など、条件を満たせば税を軽減・免除する特例があり得ます。購入契約・土地建物の按分・取得費用・改良と減価償却の履歴・売買契約・仲介手数料・居住の証拠を集めます。取得費の資料が乏しい古い物件は専門家が必要になりがちです。","url":"/ja/tax/taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes:ja","entityId":"guide:fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"固定資産税・都市計画税","plainText":"固定資産税（市街化区域では都市計画税も）は、土地・家屋・償却資産にかかる市区町村の毎年の税で、1月1日の所有者と評価額に基づき、通常は数回に分けた納付書で課されます。\n評価・毎年の負担・通知・納付スケジュール・所有者の基準日。\n土地・家屋・償却資産にかかる市区町村の毎年の税。\n1月1日の所有者と評価額に基づく。\n市街化区域では都市計画税が加わる。\n自治体のスケジュールで分割納付。\n評価と課税\n市区町村は土地・家屋を評価し、毎年固定資産税を課します。市街化区域では都市計画税も加えます。1月1日時点の所有者がその年の納税義務者で、その後に売却しても変わらず、地元のスケジュールで数回に分けて納付します。住宅用地や新築住宅は軽減されることが多いです。\n自治体差\n評価額は定期的に見直され、税率・軽減・納期は自治体で異なります。売買時は、法的には1月1日の所有者が納税義務者でも、契約で当事者間が年税を日割り精算するのが一般的です。評価通知を確認し、誤りは市区町村に申し出ましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","guide:property-taxes-in-japan","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"東京都主税局","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"固定資産税（市街化区域では都市計画税も）は、土地・家屋・償却資産にかかる市区町村の毎年の税で、1月1日の所有者と評価額に基づき、通常は数回に分けた納付書で課されます。\n評価・毎年の負担・通知・納付スケジュール・所有者の基準日。\n土地・家屋・償却資産にかかる市区町村の毎年の税。\n1月1日の所有者と評価額に基づく。\n市街化区域では都市計画税が加わる。\n自治体のスケジュールで分割納付。\n評価と課税\n市区町村は土地・家屋を評価し、毎年固定資産税を課します。市街化区域では都市計画税も加えます。1月1日時点の所有者がその年の納税義務者で、その後に売却しても変わらず、地元のスケジュールで数回に分けて納付します。住宅用地や新築住宅は軽減されることが多いです。\n自治体差\n評価額は定期的に見直され、税率・軽減・納期は自治体で異なります。売買時は、法的には1月1日の所有者が納税義務者でも、契約で当事者間が年税を日割り精算するのが一般的です。評価通知を確認し、誤りは市区町村に申し出ましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ローン利息と住宅ローン控除","plainText":"自己居住の住宅は住宅ローン控除（税額控除）を使い、賃貸物件はローン利息を経費として差し引きます。ただしいずれも元本は控除できず、併用物件は按分が必要です。\n賃貸の利息経費と自己居住の税額控除・元本・併用物件。\n自己居住 → 住宅ローン控除（税額を減らす）。\n賃貸物件 → ローン利息は経費。\nいずれも元本は控除不可。\n併用（自宅＋賃貸）物件は按分が必要。\n2つの異なる仕組み\n両者は別物です。住宅ローン控除は、要件を満たす自己居住住宅の年末ローン残高の一定割合だけ所得税を減らす税額控除です。一方、賃貸物件の利息は不動産所得を減らす通常の経費です。純粋な賃貸物件に自己居住用の控除は使えません。\n元本と併用\nいずれの場合も、ローン元本の返済は控除できません。控除できるのは利息（賃貸）または控除（自己居住）だけです。物件の一部が自宅で一部が賃貸なら、利息と控除を正しい部分に按分します。按分の正確さは、賃貸経費と控除の適用の双方に影響します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-tax-credit-in-japan","guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:property-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"自己居住の住宅は住宅ローン控除（税額控除）を使い、賃貸物件はローン利息を経費として差し引きます。ただしいずれも元本は控除できず、併用物件は按分が必要です。\n賃貸の利息経費と自己居住の税額控除・元本・併用物件。\n自己居住 → 住宅ローン控除（税額を減らす）。\n賃貸物件 → ローン利息は経費。\nいずれも元本は控除不可。\n併用（自宅＋賃貸）物件は按分が必要。\n2つの異なる仕組み\n両者は別物です。住宅ローン控除は、要件を満たす自己居住住宅の年末ローン残高の一定割合だけ所得税を減らす税額控除です。一方、賃貸物件の利息は不動産所得を減らす通常の経費です。純粋な賃貸物件に自己居住用の控除は使えません。\n元本と併用\nいずれの場合も、ローン元本の返済は控除できません。控除できるのは利息（賃貸）または控除（自己居住）だけです。物件の一部が自宅で一部が賃貸なら、利息と控除を正しい部分に按分します。按分の正確さは、賃貸経費と控除の適用の双方に影響します。","url":"/ja/tax/mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nonresident-landlord-taxes:ja","entityId":"guide:nonresident-landlord-taxes","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"非居住者の大家の税金","plainText":"日本の不動産を貸す非居住者は、その不動産所得について日本で課税されます。一定の借主は家賃から源泉徴収する必要があり、通常の経費は確定申告で差し引き、申告や通知の対応のため原則、納税管理人が必要です。\n日本の不動産所得・源泉徴収・納税管理人・経費・売却。\n非居住者の日本の不動産所得は日本で課税。\n一定の借主は非居住者への家賃から源泉徴収が必要。\n確定申告し、通常の不動産経費を差し引く。\n納税管理人を選任する。\n家賃の源泉徴収と申告\n海外に住み日本の不動産を貸す場合、その不動産所得は日本源泉で日本で課税されます。借主が法人、または事業のために借りる個人の場合、原則、家賃から源泉徴収し納付する必要があり、これを申告で精算します。自分の住居として借りる個人の借主は、通常、源泉徴収の例外です。\n納税管理人と売却\n海外にいるため、申告・通知の受領・納付を代行する納税管理人を選任します。通常の不動産経費や減価償却は引き続き差し引けます。将来売却する際は、非居住者の売却で買主による源泉徴収が生じることがあり、条約の適用もあり得ます。売却は専門家と計画しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/nonresident-landlord-taxes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords","guide:tax-representative-guide","guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"日本の不動産を貸す非居住者は、その不動産所得について日本で課税されます。一定の借主は家賃から源泉徴収する必要があり、通常の経費は確定申告で差し引き、申告や通知の対応のため原則、納税管理人が必要です。\n日本の不動産所得・源泉徴収・納税管理人・経費・売却。\n非居住者の日本の不動産所得は日本で課税。\n一定の借主は非居住者への家賃から源泉徴収が必要。\n確定申告し、通常の不動産経費を差し引く。\n納税管理人を選任する。\n家賃の源泉徴収と申告\n海外に住み日本の不動産を貸す場合、その不動産所得は日本源泉で日本で課税されます。借主が法人、または事業のために借りる個人の場合、原則、家賃から源泉徴収し納付する必要があり、これを申告で精算します。自分の住居として借りる個人の借主は、通常、源泉徴収の例外です。\n納税管理人と売却\n海外にいるため、申告・通知の受領・納付を代行する納税管理人を選任します。通常の不動産経費や減価償却は引き続き差し引けます。将来売却する際は、非居住者の売却で買主による源泉徴収が生じることがあり、条約の適用もあり得ます。売却は専門家と計画しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/nonresident-landlord-taxes","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:worldwide-vs-japan-source-income:ja","entityId":"guide:worldwide-vs-japan-source-income","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"全世界所得と日本源泉所得","plainText":"日本が課税できる範囲は、居住者区分と所得の発生地によります。日本で行った労働は海外払いでも日本源泉、永住者は全世界所得、非永住者は日本で支払われた・送金された国外所得も対象です。\n給与・役務・家賃・投資・事業・年金と、海外での支払い。\n日本で行った労働は、海外払いでも日本源泉。\n税務上の永住者は全世界所得に課税。\n非居住者は特定の日本源泉所得のみ課税。\n支払地では源泉は決まらない。\n日本源泉とは\n日本源泉所得には、日本で行った労働の給与・役務所得、日本の不動産の家賃、日本資産の譲渡益、日本の事業所得などが含まれ、支払地は問いません。外国雇用主が海外口座に支払っても源泉は変わりません。非居住者は原則、こうした日本源泉所得のみ、多くは源泉徴収で課税されます。\n居住区分と範囲\n次に居住区分が範囲を決めます。税務上の永住者は全世界所得（国外所得も全て）に課税され、非永住者は国外源泉所得を、日本で支払われた・送金された範囲でのみ加えます。条約は一部の源泉地国の課税権を再配分し得るため、国際的な立場は国内法と条約の双方で確認すべきです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/worldwide-vs-japan-source-income","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"日本が課税できる範囲は、居住者区分と所得の発生地によります。日本で行った労働は海外払いでも日本源泉、永住者は全世界所得、非永住者は日本で支払われた・送金された国外所得も対象です。\n給与・役務・家賃・投資・事業・年金と、海外での支払い。\n日本で行った労働は、海外払いでも日本源泉。\n税務上の永住者は全世界所得に課税。\n非居住者は特定の日本源泉所得のみ課税。\n支払地では源泉は決まらない。\n日本源泉とは\n日本源泉所得には、日本で行った労働の給与・役務所得、日本の不動産の家賃、日本資産の譲渡益、日本の事業所得などが含まれ、支払地は問いません。外国雇用主が海外口座に支払っても源泉は変わりません。非居住者は原則、こうした日本源泉所得のみ、多くは源泉徴収で課税されます。\n居住区分と範囲\n次に居住区分が範囲を決めます。税務上の永住者は全世界所得（国外所得も全て）に課税され、非永住者は国外源泉所得を、日本で支払われた・送金された範囲でのみ加えます。条約は一部の源泉地国の課税権を再配分し得るため、国際的な立場は国内法と条約の双方で確認すべきです。","url":"/ja/tax/worldwide-vs-japan-source-income","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"国外所得と日本への送金","plainText":"非永住者の場合、国外源泉所得は日本で支払われた・送金された範囲で課税されます。充当ルールにより、混合口座からの送金は課税所得を持ち込んだと扱われ得るため、記録を丁寧に残しましょう。\n非永住者ルール・国外源泉所得・送金の充当順・混合口座。\n非永住者は送金した国外所得が課税対象。\n混合口座からの送金は課税所得を含むとみなされ得る。\n海外に置いたお金だけが安全とは限らない。\n所得の源泉と送金の記録を保管する。\n送金ルール\n非永住者は、日本源泉所得に加え、日本で支払われた・送金された国外源泉所得に課税されます。全世界課税より狭く「日本のみ」より広く、持ち込んだお金を捕捉します。充当ルールにより、送金はまずその年の国外所得を持ち込んだと扱われ得ます（貯蓄の移動のつもりでも）。\n混合口座と記録\n所得と元本が混在する口座からの送金は所得に先に充当され得るため、資金を混ぜると分析が難しくなり課税対象が増え得ます。国外の所得・元本・送金を記録し、可能なら分別します。誤りの典型例のため、大きな送金の前に助言を受けましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:worldwide-vs-japan-source-income","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:moving-to-japan-tax-checklist"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"非永住者の場合、国外源泉所得は日本で支払われた・送金された範囲で課税されます。充当ルールにより、混合口座からの送金は課税所得を持ち込んだと扱われ得るため、記録を丁寧に残しましょう。\n非永住者ルール・国外源泉所得・送金の充当順・混合口座。\n非永住者は送金した国外所得が課税対象。\n混合口座からの送金は課税所得を含むとみなされ得る。\n海外に置いたお金だけが安全とは限らない。\n所得の源泉と送金の記録を保管する。\n送金ルール\n非永住者は、日本源泉所得に加え、日本で支払われた・送金された国外源泉所得に課税されます。全世界課税より狭く「日本のみ」より広く、持ち込んだお金を捕捉します。充当ルールにより、送金はまずその年の国外所得を持ち込んだと扱われ得ます（貯蓄の移動のつもりでも）。\n混合口座と記録\n所得と元本が混在する口座からの送金は所得に先に充当され得るため、資金を混ぜると分析が難しくなり課税対象が増え得ます。国外の所得・元本・送金を記録し、可能なら分別します。誤りの典型例のため、大きな送金の前に助言を受けましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の外国税額控除","plainText":"日本の居住者は、二重課税を緩和するため対象の外国所得税を控除できますが、日本側の限度額（必ずしも外国税の全額ではない）があり、国・所得・納付・為替の書類が必要で、一定の未使用額は3年繰り越せます。\n対象の外国税・日本側の限度・繰越・書類。\n対象の外国所得税を日本の税から控除。\n日本側の限度あり。外国税の全額とは限らない。\n一定の未使用の外国税・限度額は3年繰越。\n国・所得区分・納付・為替の記録が必要。\n控除の仕組み\n同じ所得が海外と日本で課税される場合、外国税額控除は、対象の外国所得税の分だけ日本の税を減らします。ただし総所得に占める国外所得の割合から計算する日本側の限度が上限です。この上限のため控除は外国税の全額に満たないことがあり、一定の未使用の外国税・限度額は3年繰り越せます。\n書類と条約\n国・所得区分・外国税・納付・為替の資料が必要です。条約はそもそも外国源泉税を下げ、必要な控除額を変えることがあり、控除できない外国税もあります。計算と条約の調整は専門的なため、金額の大きい外国税の立場は専門家に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:double-tax-treaties-explained","guide:taxes-on-foreign-securities-and-brokerages","guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1240.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"日本の居住者は、二重課税を緩和するため対象の外国所得税を控除できますが、日本側の限度額（必ずしも外国税の全額ではない）があり、国・所得・納付・為替の書類が必要で、一定の未使用額は3年繰り越せます。\n対象の外国税・日本側の限度・繰越・書類。\n対象の外国所得税を日本の税から控除。\n日本側の限度あり。外国税の全額とは限らない。\n一定の未使用の外国税・限度額は3年繰越。\n国・所得区分・納付・為替の記録が必要。\n控除の仕組み\n同じ所得が海外と日本で課税される場合、外国税額控除は、対象の外国所得税の分だけ日本の税を減らします。ただし総所得に占める国外所得の割合から計算する日本側の限度が上限です。この上限のため控除は外国税の全額に満たないことがあり、一定の未使用の外国税・限度額は3年繰り越せます。\n書類と条約\n国・所得区分・外国税・納付・為替の資料が必要です。条約はそもそも外国源泉税を下げ、必要な控除額を変えることがあり、控除できない外国税もあります。計算と条約の調整は専門的なため、金額の大きい外国税の立場は専門家に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:double-tax-treaties-explained:ja","entityId":"guide:double-tax-treaties-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"租税条約の基礎","plainText":"日本と相手国の租税条約は、どちらの国が何に課税するかを定めます。居住地のタイブレーク、源泉地国の課税権の制限、配当・利子・年金の源泉税の軽減などです。ただし軽減は自動ではなく、適格性・様式・手続きが必要です。\n居住地のタイブレーク・源泉地国の課税権・源泉税の軽減・様式。\n両国が居住者と主張する場合、条約がタイブレークで解決。\n源泉地国の課税権・源泉税率を制限する。\n軽減は自動ではなく、届出と手続きが必要。\nセービング条項が自国民への課税を残すことがある。\n条約の役割\n両国があなたを居住者とみなす場合、条約のタイブレーク（恒久的住居・重要な利害の中心・常用の住居・国籍）が条約上の居住地を1つに定めます。条約は一定所得への源泉地国課税を制限・排除し、配当・利子・使用料・年金の源泉税を軽減します。外国税額控除とともに二重課税を防ぎ・減らします。\n軽減の受け方\n条約の軽減は自動ではなく、原則として適格性の届出（例：軽減源泉税率の適用）を行い、手続き要件に従います。一部の条約のセービング条項は、他の規定にかかわらず自国民への課税権を残します。条約の解釈と様式は専門的で国別のため、実際の適用は専門家に相談しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/double-tax-treaties-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan","guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"財務省","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/tax_policy/summary/international/tax_convention/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"日本と相手国の租税条約は、どちらの国が何に課税するかを定めます。居住地のタイブレーク、源泉地国の課税権の制限、配当・利子・年金の源泉税の軽減などです。ただし軽減は自動ではなく、適格性・様式・手続きが必要です。\n居住地のタイブレーク・源泉地国の課税権・源泉税の軽減・様式。\n両国が居住者と主張する場合、条約がタイブレークで解決。\n源泉地国の課税権・源泉税率を制限する。\n軽減は自動ではなく、届出と手続きが必要。\nセービング条項が自国民への課税を残すことがある。\n条約の役割\n両国があなたを居住者とみなす場合、条約のタイブレーク（恒久的住居・重要な利害の中心・常用の住居・国籍）が条約上の居住地を1つに定めます。条約は一定所得への源泉地国課税を制限・排除し、配当・利子・使用料・年金の源泉税を軽減します。外国税額控除とともに二重課税を防ぎ・減らします。\n軽減の受け方\n条約の軽減は自動ではなく、原則として適格性の届出（例：軽減源泉税率の適用）を行い、手続き要件に従います。一部の条約のセービング条項は、他の規定にかかわらず自国民への課税権を残します。条約の解釈と様式は専門的で国別のため、実際の適用は専門家に相談しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/double-tax-treaties-explained","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:moving-to-japan-tax-checklist:ja","entityId":"guide:moving-to-japan-tax-checklist","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"来日時の税務チェックリスト","plainText":"到着前後に、到着日と居住の事実を記録し、資産の取得価額と時価を把握し、株式報酬と送金の記録を保存し、条約と社会保障の適用を確認し、初回の年末までに専門家の確認を計画します。\n到着日・居住判定・取得価額・株式報酬・送金・条約。\n到着日と居住を基礎づける事実を記録。\n来日前の資産の取得価額と時価を把握。\n株式報酬の付与・権利確定・行使の記録を保存。\n送金記録を保管し、条約・社会保障の適用を確認。\n保存すべきもの\n来日前の確定申告と年末の口座明細を入手し、証券・暗号資産・不動産の取得価額を記録し、株式報酬の付与・権利確定の記録（来日前後の勤務にまたがり得る）を保存します。日本の住所・居所が始まる日を特定し、国外から日本への送金記録を保管します。非永住者の送金課税は源泉と充当のルール次第です。\n確認とカレンダー\n条約・社会保障協定の適用を確認し、円換算の方法を定め、外国雇用主の給与計算の義務を確認し、日本と本国の申告のカレンダーを作ります。日本に送金したお金だけが課税対象と思い込まないこと。立場を最初から正しくするため、初回の年末前に専門家の確認を予定しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/moving-to-japan-tax-checklist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents","guide:foreign-income-and-remittances-to-japan","guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"到着前後に、到着日と居住の事実を記録し、資産の取得価額と時価を把握し、株式報酬と送金の記録を保存し、条約と社会保障の適用を確認し、初回の年末までに専門家の確認を計画します。\n到着日・居住判定・取得価額・株式報酬・送金・条約。\n到着日と居住を基礎づける事実を記録。\n来日前の資産の取得価額と時価を把握。\n株式報酬の付与・権利確定・行使の記録を保存。\n送金記録を保管し、条約・社会保障の適用を確認。\n保存すべきもの\n来日前の確定申告と年末の口座明細を入手し、証券・暗号資産・不動産の取得価額を記録し、株式報酬の付与・権利確定の記録（来日前後の勤務にまたがり得る）を保存します。日本の住所・居所が始まる日を特定し、国外から日本への送金記録を保管します。非永住者の送金課税は源泉と充当のルール次第です。\n確認とカレンダー\n条約・社会保障協定の適用を確認し、円換算の方法を定め、外国雇用主の給与計算の義務を確認し、日本と本国の申告のカレンダーを作ります。日本に送金したお金だけが課税対象と思い込まないこと。立場を最初から正しくするため、初回の年末前に専門家の確認を予定しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/moving-to-japan-tax-checklist","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist:ja","entityId":"guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"出国時の税務チェックリスト","plainText":"出国前に、税務上の居住が終わるかを判定し、出国年の申告を済ませ（または後日申告のため納税管理人を選任）、国税と予定納税を精算し、住民税の納付を手配し、出国税の該当を確認し、年金の脱退一時金を検討します。\n出国年の申告・住民税・納税管理人・予定納税・出国税。\n出国年の申告を済ませるか、納税管理人で後日申告。\n住民税は出国で終わらない。納付を手配。\n出国後の手続きのため納税管理人を選任。\n出国税の該当確認と年金脱退一時金の検討。\n申告と納付\n税務上の出国日と、居住が終わるかを判定します。国税庁は、納税管理人を選ばない場合は出国前の申告を求めます。納税管理人を選任すれば、出国後も申告・還付・通知を海外から処理できます。国税と予定納税を精算し、市区町村と住民税の納付を手配します。前年分の住民税は出国後も残ります。\n出国税と年金\n出国税の該当を確認します。特定の金融資産が合計1億円以上で在住歴の要件を満たす場合に及び得ます。手続き完了まで日本の銀行・マイナンバーのアクセスを確保し、年金の脱退一時金と将来の年金権を比較し、ソフト・税理士・証券・銀行・保険に住所変更を届け出ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/leaving-japan-tax-checklist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:tax-representative-guide","guide:japan-exit-tax-guide","guide:pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1923.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/12004.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"出国前に、税務上の居住が終わるかを判定し、出国年の申告を済ませ（または後日申告のため納税管理人を選任）、国税と予定納税を精算し、住民税の納付を手配し、出国税の該当を確認し、年金の脱退一時金を検討します。\n出国年の申告・住民税・納税管理人・予定納税・出国税。\n出国年の申告を済ませるか、納税管理人で後日申告。\n住民税は出国で終わらない。納付を手配。\n出国後の手続きのため納税管理人を選任。\n出国税の該当確認と年金脱退一時金の検討。\n申告と納付\n税務上の出国日と、居住が終わるかを判定します。国税庁は、納税管理人を選ばない場合は出国前の申告を求めます。納税管理人を選任すれば、出国後も申告・還付・通知を海外から処理できます。国税と予定納税を精算し、市区町村と住民税の納付を手配します。前年分の住民税は出国後も残ります。\n出国税と年金\n出国税の該当を確認します。特定の金融資産が合計1億円以上で在住歴の要件を満たす場合に及び得ます。手続き完了まで日本の銀行・マイナンバーのアクセスを確保し、年金の脱退一時金と将来の年金権を比較し、ソフト・税理士・証券・銀行・保険に住所変更を届け出ます。","url":"/ja/tax/leaving-japan-tax-checklist","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:tax-representative-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:tax-representative-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"納税管理人ガイド","plainText":"納税管理人は、届出により選任する日本国内の人で、出国後にあなたの通知の受領・申告・還付・納付を代行します。出国後に日本の税務手続きが生じる場合に必要です。\n必要な場面・選任手続き・役割・出国後の納付。\n税務署への届出で選任。\n通知を受領し、申告・還付・納付を代行。\n出国後も税務手続きが続く場合に必要。\n出国前に全て申告する必要を避けられる。\n必要な場面\n出国後に、申告・還付の受領・通知への対応・納付が生じる場合（例：継続する不動産所得、遅れて出る還付、間に合わない出国年の申告など）、日本国内から手続きを続けられるよう納税管理人を選任します。選任しない場合、国税庁は出国前の申告を求めます。\n選任と役割\n税務署に届出を提出し、日本国内の人（または法人）を納税管理人に指定します。あなたの税の郵便物を受領し、代わりに申告・還付請求・納付ができますが、納税者はあなたのままです。信頼でき連絡が取れる人を選び、複雑な事案では税理士が自然な選択です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/tax-representative-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","guide:nonresident-landlord-taxes","guide:japan-exit-tax-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/12004.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"納税管理人は、届出により選任する日本国内の人で、出国後にあなたの通知の受領・申告・還付・納付を代行します。出国後に日本の税務手続きが生じる場合に必要です。\n必要な場面・選任手続き・役割・出国後の納付。\n税務署への届出で選任。\n通知を受領し、申告・還付・納付を代行。\n出国後も税務手続きが続く場合に必要。\n出国前に全て申告する必要を避けられる。\n必要な場面\n出国後に、申告・還付の受領・通知への対応・納付が生じる場合（例：継続する不動産所得、遅れて出る還付、間に合わない出国年の申告など）、日本国内から手続きを続けられるよう納税管理人を選任します。選任しない場合、国税庁は出国前の申告を求めます。\n選任と役割\n税務署に届出を提出し、日本国内の人（または法人）を納税管理人に指定します。あなたの税の郵便物を受領し、代わりに申告・還付請求・納付ができますが、納税者はあなたのままです。信頼でき連絡が取れる人を選び、複雑な事案では税理士が自然な選択です。","url":"/ja/tax/tax-representative-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-exit-tax-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-exit-tax-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"国外転出時課税（出国税）ガイド","plainText":"出国税は、対象の金融資産が合計1億円以上で在住歴の要件を満たす人が出国する際、含み益を売却したものとみなして課税し得ます。納税管理人と担保により、原則5年（最長10年）の納税猶予が可能です。\n対象資産・1億円の判定・みなし譲渡・納税猶予・期限。\n対象は特定の金融資産（有価証券等）で、全資産ではない。\n判定基準：対象資産が合計1億円以上。\n在住歴の要件も満たす必要がある。\n納税管理人と担保で猶予可（原則5年、最長10年）。\n課税対象\n出国税は、一定の金融資産（有価証券や一部のデリバティブなど）を出国時に売却したとみなし、含み益に課税します。対象資産が合計1億円以上で、在住歴の要件（概ね直近で一定期間居住していたこと）を満たす場合に適用されます。国籍だけが基準ではなく、外国籍でも対象になり得ます。\n猶予と期限\n含み益への出国時課税は重いため、納税管理人を選任し担保を提供すれば、原則5年（最長10年）の納税猶予が可能です。出国前後に申告期限があり、後の実際の売却や帰国で結果が調整され得ます。居住を手放す前に必ず専門家の確認を受けるべき分野です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-exit-tax-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","guide:tax-representative-guide","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/kokugai-zaisan.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"出国税は、対象の金融資産が合計1億円以上で在住歴の要件を満たす人が出国する際、含み益を売却したものとみなして課税し得ます。納税管理人と担保により、原則5年（最長10年）の納税猶予が可能です。\n対象資産・1億円の判定・みなし譲渡・納税猶予・期限。\n対象は特定の金融資産（有価証券等）で、全資産ではない。\n判定基準：対象資産が合計1億円以上。\n在住歴の要件も満たす必要がある。\n納税管理人と担保で猶予可（原則5年、最長10年）。\n課税対象\n出国税は、一定の金融資産（有価証券や一部のデリバティブなど）を出国時に売却したとみなし、含み益に課税します。対象資産が合計1億円以上で、在住歴の要件（概ね直近で一定期間居住していたこと）を満たす場合に適用されます。国籍だけが基準ではなく、外国籍でも対象になり得ます。\n猶予と期限\n含み益への出国時課税は重いため、納税管理人を選任し担保を提供すれば、原則5年（最長10年）の納税猶予が可能です。出国前後に申告期限があり、後の実際の売却や帰国で結果が調整され得ます。居住を手放す前に必ず専門家の確認を受けるべき分野です。","url":"/ja/tax/japan-exit-tax-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"脱退一時金の税金","plainText":"出国する外国人労働者は脱退一時金を請求できます。厚生年金の脱退一時金は原則20.42%が源泉徴収されますが、納税管理人を通じて退職所得課税を適用することで、多くを還付請求できることが多いです。\n受給要件・厚生年金の源泉徴収・納税管理人による還付・条約の考慮。\n出国する外国人労働者は脱退一時金を請求可能。\n厚生年金の脱退一時金は原則20.42%源泉徴収。\n納税管理人経由で退職所得課税を適用し還付可。\n将来の年金権や通算協定と比較する。\n請求と還付\n受給資格のある出国する外国人労働者は、年金保険料の脱退一時金を請求できます。厚生年金の脱退一時金は、支払時に原則20.42%が源泉徴収されます。ただし、日本の納税管理人を選任し、退職所得課税（控除と1/2ルール）を適用する申告を行うことで、その源泉徴収の多くを還付できることが多いです。\n慎重に比較\n脱退一時金は関連する日本の年金権を終了させるため、今の現金と将来の年金受給を比較し、日本と自国の社会保障（通算）協定を確認します。加入期間を通算でき、脱退せず権利を保てる場合があります。請求前に検討しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","guide:tax-representative-guide","guide:retirement-income-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本年金機構","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/withdrawalpayment/payment.html","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1420.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"出国する外国人労働者は脱退一時金を請求できます。厚生年金の脱退一時金は原則20.42%が源泉徴収されますが、納税管理人を通じて退職所得課税を適用することで、多くを還付請求できることが多いです。\n受給要件・厚生年金の源泉徴収・納税管理人による還付・条約の考慮。\n出国する外国人労働者は脱退一時金を請求可能。\n厚生年金の脱退一時金は原則20.42%源泉徴収。\n納税管理人経由で退職所得課税を適用し還付可。\n将来の年金権や通算協定と比較する。\n請求と還付\n受給資格のある出国する外国人労働者は、年金保険料の脱退一時金を請求できます。厚生年金の脱退一時金は、支払時に原則20.42%が源泉徴収されます。ただし、日本の納税管理人を選任し、退職所得課税（控除と1/2ルール）を適用する申告を行うことで、その源泉徴収の多くを還付できることが多いです。\n慎重に比較\n脱退一時金は関連する日本の年金権を終了させるため、今の現金と将来の年金受給を比較し、日本と自国の社会保障（通算）協定を確認します。加入期間を通算でき、脱退せず権利を保てる場合があります。請求前に検討しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/pension-lump-sum-withdrawal-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"デジタルノマドの日本の税金","plainText":"デジタルノマドの日本の課税は、ビザ名ではなく税務上の居住と労働地で決まります。税務上の居住者になる、または日本で働く場合、外国の取引先からの所得でも日本で課税され得え、恒久的施設や条約の論点も生じ得ます。\n税務上の居住・労働地・外国雇用主/取引先・ビザとの区別・恒久的施設の注意。\n課税はビザではなく税務上の居住と労働地で決まる。\n日本での労働は、外国の取引先でも日本源泉。\n税務上の居住者になると課税範囲が広がり得る。\n恒久的施設や条約の論点が生じ得る。\n居住と労働地\nノマドのビザや「ノマド」という呼称は課税を決めません。日本に住所があると認められる、または居住者になるほど滞在すれば、日本の広い課税ルールが適用され、非居住者でも日本で行った労働は日本源泉で課税され得ます。滞在期間と実際の労働地の双方が重要です。\n雇用主・条約のリスク\n外国の雇用主や取引先のために日本で働くと、事業側に恒久的施設の論点、あなたに給与・源泉の欠落が生じ得え、条約が源泉地国の課税権や居住地を変え得ます。「デジタルノマド」という区分はこれらのルールを免除しないため、日本が課税できないと決めつける前に専門家に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:remote-work-for-a-foreign-employer-from-japan","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"デジタルノマドの日本の課税は、ビザ名ではなく税務上の居住と労働地で決まります。税務上の居住者になる、または日本で働く場合、外国の取引先からの所得でも日本で課税され得え、恒久的施設や条約の論点も生じ得ます。\n税務上の居住・労働地・外国雇用主/取引先・ビザとの区別・恒久的施設の注意。\n課税はビザではなく税務上の居住と労働地で決まる。\n日本での労働は、外国の取引先でも日本源泉。\n税務上の居住者になると課税範囲が広がり得る。\n恒久的施設や条約の論点が生じ得る。\n居住と労働地\nノマドのビザや「ノマド」という呼称は課税を決めません。日本に住所があると認められる、または居住者になるほど滞在すれば、日本の広い課税ルールが適用され、非居住者でも日本で行った労働は日本源泉で課税され得ます。滞在期間と実際の労働地の双方が重要です。\n雇用主・条約のリスク\n外国の雇用主や取引先のために日本で働くと、事業側に恒久的施設の論点、あなたに給与・源泉の欠落が生じ得え、条約が源泉地国の課税権や居住地を変え得ます。「デジタルノマド」という区分はこれらのルールを免除しないため、日本が課税できないと決めつける前に専門家に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/taxes-for-digital-nomads-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本在住の米国市民の税金","plainText":"米国は市民・グリーンカード保有者の全世界所得に、日本在住中でも課税するため、原則として両国で申告します。外国税額控除と外国所得除外が二重課税を緩和し、日本の口座やファンドは追加の米国報告義務を生じさせ得ます。\n両国申告・全世界所得・控除・除外・条約・口座・投資。\n米国は市民権ベース課税。両国で申告が必要。\n日本で納税しても米国申告は消えない。\nFTC・FEIEは二重課税を緩和するが米国申告で請求。\n日本の口座・ファンドはFBAR・FATCA・PFICの論点を生む。\n両国申告の現実\n日本はあなたを居住者として課税しますが、米国は市民・グリーンカード保有者の全世界所得に、居住地を問わず課税し続けます。したがって毎年、日本の申告と米国の申告を行うのが原則です。外国税額控除と外国所得除外は、日本で既に課税された所得への米国税を軽減・排除し得ますが、申告義務は消えず、結果も常に同じではありません。\n口座・ファンド・専門家\n日本の銀行口座・NISA・投資信託・年金・保険は、米国側で複雑な区分（FBAR・FATCA報告、日本のファンドのPFIC扱いの可能性）を生じさせ、通常の日本の税務ソフトでは扱えません。日本の税理士と、日米案件に精通した米国のCPA・EA・弁護士を組み合わせて使いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion","guide:fbar-for-americans-in-japan","guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/us-citizens-and-resident-aliens-abroad","official":true},{"publisher":"財務省","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/tax_policy/summary/international/tax_convention/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"米国は市民・グリーンカード保有者の全世界所得に、日本在住中でも課税するため、原則として両国で申告します。外国税額控除と外国所得除外が二重課税を緩和し、日本の口座やファンドは追加の米国報告義務を生じさせ得ます。\n両国申告・全世界所得・控除・除外・条約・口座・投資。\n米国は市民権ベース課税。両国で申告が必要。\n日本で納税しても米国申告は消えない。\nFTC・FEIEは二重課税を緩和するが米国申告で請求。\n日本の口座・ファンドはFBAR・FATCA・PFICの論点を生む。\n両国申告の現実\n日本はあなたを居住者として課税しますが、米国は市民・グリーンカード保有者の全世界所得に、居住地を問わず課税し続けます。したがって毎年、日本の申告と米国の申告を行うのが原則です。外国税額控除と外国所得除外は、日本で既に課税された所得への米国税を軽減・排除し得ますが、申告義務は消えず、結果も常に同じではありません。\n口座・ファンド・専門家\n日本の銀行口座・NISA・投資信託・年金・保険は、米国側で複雑な区分（FBAR・FATCA報告、日本のファンドのPFIC扱いの可能性）を生じさせ、通常の日本の税務ソフトでは扱えません。日本の税理士と、日米案件に精通した米国のCPA・EA・弁護士を組み合わせて使いましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion:ja","entityId":"guide:foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国税額控除とFEIEの比較","plainText":"米国申告では、外国税額控除（FTC）は支払った外国所得税で米国税を相殺し、外国所得除外（FEIE）は一定額の勤労所得を除外します。どちらが有利か、どう併用するかは所得構成と日本の税額により、専門家によるモデル化が必要です。\n相互作用・勤労と受動所得・日本の税額・繰越。\nFTC：外国所得税を米国税から控除（外国税が高いと有利）。\nFEIE：一定額の勤労所得を除外（受動所得は不可）。\n両者は相互作用し、同一所得の二重優遇は不可。\n日本の税は高めでFTCが有効なことが多いが要試算。\n各制度の仕組み\n外国税額控除は、支払った対象の外国所得税の分だけ米国税をそのまま減らし、未使用分は繰り越せます。外国所得除外は、一定額の外国勤労所得（給与・自営）を除外しますが、配当や譲渡益などの受動所得は対象外です。日本の所得税は高めのことが多く、日本在住の米国申告者はFTCに依拠することが多いです。\n選択と併用\n両者は相互作用し、FEIEで除外した所得について同じ外国税をFTCで控除することはできません。最適な組み合わせは、勤労と受動所得の割合、支払った日本の税、児童税額控除などの要素によります。FEIEの選択と後の撤回には影響があります。日米の専門家がまず試算すべき典型的な判断です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","guide:foreign-tax-credit-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/foreign-tax-credit","official":true},{"publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/foreign-earned-income-exclusion","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"米国申告では、外国税額控除（FTC）は支払った外国所得税で米国税を相殺し、外国所得除外（FEIE）は一定額の勤労所得を除外します。どちらが有利か、どう併用するかは所得構成と日本の税額により、専門家によるモデル化が必要です。\n相互作用・勤労と受動所得・日本の税額・繰越。\nFTC：外国所得税を米国税から控除（外国税が高いと有利）。\nFEIE：一定額の勤労所得を除外（受動所得は不可）。\n両者は相互作用し、同一所得の二重優遇は不可。\n日本の税は高めでFTCが有効なことが多いが要試算。\n各制度の仕組み\n外国税額控除は、支払った対象の外国所得税の分だけ米国税をそのまま減らし、未使用分は繰り越せます。外国所得除外は、一定額の外国勤労所得（給与・自営）を除外しますが、配当や譲渡益などの受動所得は対象外です。日本の所得税は高めのことが多く、日本在住の米国申告者はFTCに依拠することが多いです。\n選択と併用\n両者は相互作用し、FEIEで除外した所得について同じ外国税をFTCで控除することはできません。最適な組み合わせは、勤労と受動所得の割合、支払った日本の税、児童税額控除などの要素によります。FEIEの選択と後の撤回には影響があります。日米の専門家がまず試算すべき典型的な判断です。","url":"/ja/tax/foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fbar-for-americans-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:fbar-for-americans-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"在日米国人のFBAR","plainText":"FBARは、外国の金融口座を報告する米国の書類（所得税申告とは別）で、年中いずれかの時点で合算残高が基準を超えると必要です。期限は4月15日、自動延長で10月15日で、日本の銀行・証券口座も対象です。\n対象口座・合算基準・提出期限・よくある日本の口座。\nFBARは外国口座の報告で、所得税申告ではない。\n外国口座の合算が基準超で必要。\n期限は4月15日、自動延長で10月15日。\n日本の一般的な銀行・証券口座も対象。\nFBARとは\nFBAR（FinCEN Form 114）は、外国の金融口座を、年中いずれかの時点で合算残高が報告基準を超えた場合に開示する、別個の米国申告です。所得税申告ではなく情報申告ですが、未提出の罰則は大きくなり得ます。日本の一般的な口座（メガバンク・ネット銀行・証券）も合算に含まれます。\n時期と記録\nFBARの期限は4月15日、自動延長で10月15日で、IRSの申告とは別にFinCENへ電子提出します（ただしFATCAのForm 8938が申告書側で別途必要なこともあります）。各口座の最高残高と詳細を記録します。基準と罰則が大きいため、義務は米国の専門家に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/fbar-for-americans-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk","guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/report-of-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts-fbar","official":true},{"publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations/foreign-account-tax-compliance-act-fatca","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"FBARは、外国の金融口座を報告する米国の書類（所得税申告とは別）で、年中いずれかの時点で合算残高が基準を超えると必要です。期限は4月15日、自動延長で10月15日で、日本の銀行・証券口座も対象です。\n対象口座・合算基準・提出期限・よくある日本の口座。\nFBARは外国口座の報告で、所得税申告ではない。\n外国口座の合算が基準超で必要。\n期限は4月15日、自動延長で10月15日。\n日本の一般的な銀行・証券口座も対象。\nFBARとは\nFBAR（FinCEN Form 114）は、外国の金融口座を、年中いずれかの時点で合算残高が報告基準を超えた場合に開示する、別個の米国申告です。所得税申告ではなく情報申告ですが、未提出の罰則は大きくなり得ます。日本の一般的な口座（メガバンク・ネット銀行・証券）も合算に含まれます。\n時期と記録\nFBARの期限は4月15日、自動延長で10月15日で、IRSの申告とは別にFinCENへ電子提出します（ただしFATCAのForm 8938が申告書側で別途必要なこともあります）。各口座の最高残高と詳細を記録します。基準と罰則が大きいため、義務は米国の専門家に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/fbar-for-americans-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日米租税条約ガイド","plainText":"日米租税条約は課税権を配分し、国際的な配当・利子・年金の源泉税を軽減しますが、セービング条項により原則として米国市民への米国課税を維持します。したがって条約は二重課税を緩和しますが、米国人を米国申告から解放はしません。\nセービング条項・居住・給与・年金・配当・軽減手続き。\n条約は課税権を配分し一部の源泉税率を軽減。\nセービング条項が米国市民への米国課税を維持（例外あり）。\n居住・給与・年金・配当・利子を扱う。\n軽減には届出と手続きが必要。\n条約の役割\n条約は、居住地のタイブレーク、給与・年金・配当・利子などのルールを定め、一定の源泉税率を軽減します。これは外国税額控除と連携して二重課税を防ぎます。ただしセービング条項により、一定の例外を除き、米国は条約の一部が適用されないかのように自国民への課税を続けられます。\n実務での使い方\n条約特典（軽減源泉税など）を受けるには、原則として適格性の届出と手続き要件を満たします。セービング条項とその例外が特定項目（年金など）にどう適用されるかの解釈は専門的です。誤った条約の立場は両国に影響するため、重要な立場は日米案件に精通した専門家に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:double-tax-treaties-explained","guide:foreign-tax-credit-vs-foreign-earned-income-exclusion"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"財務省","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/tax_policy/summary/international/tax_convention/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/us-citizens-and-resident-aliens-abroad","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"日米租税条約は課税権を配分し、国際的な配当・利子・年金の源泉税を軽減しますが、セービング条項により原則として米国市民への米国課税を維持します。したがって条約は二重課税を緩和しますが、米国人を米国申告から解放はしません。\nセービング条項・居住・給与・年金・配当・軽減手続き。\n条約は課税権を配分し一部の源泉税率を軽減。\nセービング条項が米国市民への米国課税を維持（例外あり）。\n居住・給与・年金・配当・利子を扱う。\n軽減には届出と手続きが必要。\n条約の役割\n条約は、居住地のタイブレーク、給与・年金・配当・利子などのルールを定め、一定の源泉税率を軽減します。これは外国税額控除と連携して二重課税を防ぎます。ただしセービング条項により、一定の例外を除き、米国は条約の一部が適用されないかのように自国民への課税を続けられます。\n実務での使い方\n条約特典（軽減源泉税など）を受けるには、原則として適格性の届出と手続き要件を満たします。セービング条項とその例外が特定項目（年金など）にどう適用されるかの解釈は専門的です。誤った条約の立場は両国に影響するため、重要な立場は日米案件に精通した専門家に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/japan-us-tax-treaty-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISA・日本の投信とPFICリスク","plainText":"NISAや日本の投資信託は日本では税制優遇されますが、米国はその優遇を米国納税者に認めず、日本の集合投資はPFIC（重い課税と書類負担の米国制度）扱いになり得ます。米国人は投資前に専門家の助言を受けるべきです。\n日本での税制・米国での非課税不成立・ファンド区分のリスク。\nNISAの非課税は日本の優遇で、米国では認められない。\n日本の投信・ETFは米国納税者にはPFICになり得る。\nPFIC課税は重く書類負担も大きい（Form 8621）。\n米国人は日本のファンド購入前に専門家へ。\n日米のミスマッチ\n日本ではNISAが対象の利益・分配金を非課税にし、投資信託は通常の投資です。米国納税者には、これらは自動では引き継がれません。米国は全世界所得に課税し、NISAの非課税を認めません。さらに、日本の集合投資は米国ルールでしばしばPFIC（受動的外国投資会社）に該当します。\nPFICが重要な理由\nPFIC扱いは、分配金や譲渡益に重い課税と利子を課し得え、詳細な年次報告（Form 8621）を要します。このため多くの日本のファンド、時にNISA保有までもが、米国人には高コストで複雑になります。投資前に、米国納税者はPFICと日本案件に精通した米国のCPA・EA・弁護士に相談すべきです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:fbar-for-americans-in-japan","guide:investment-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/us-citizens-and-resident-aliens-abroad","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"NISAや日本の投資信託は日本では税制優遇されますが、米国はその優遇を米国納税者に認めず、日本の集合投資はPFIC（重い課税と書類負担の米国制度）扱いになり得ます。米国人は投資前に専門家の助言を受けるべきです。\n日本での税制・米国での非課税不成立・ファンド区分のリスク。\nNISAの非課税は日本の優遇で、米国では認められない。\n日本の投信・ETFは米国納税者にはPFICになり得る。\nPFIC課税は重く書類負担も大きい（Form 8621）。\n米国人は日本のファンド購入前に専門家へ。\n日米のミスマッチ\n日本ではNISAが対象の利益・分配金を非課税にし、投資信託は通常の投資です。米国納税者には、これらは自動では引き継がれません。米国は全世界所得に課税し、NISAの非課税を認めません。さらに、日本の集合投資は米国ルールでしばしばPFIC（受動的外国投資会社）に該当します。\nPFICが重要な理由\nPFIC扱いは、分配金や譲渡益に重い課税と利子を課し得え、詳細な年次報告（Form 8621）を要します。このため多くの日本のファンド、時にNISA保有までもが、米国人には高コストで複雑になります。投資前に、米国納税者はPFICと日本案件に精通した米国のCPA・EA・弁護士に相談すべきです。","url":"/ja/tax/nisa-japanese-funds-and-pfic-risk","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:gift-tax-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:gift-tax-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の贈与税","plainText":"贈与税は、暦年に受けた贈与のうち年110万円の基礎控除（贈与者ごとではなく合計）を超える分に、受贈者が最高55%の累進税率で納めます。申告は原則、翌年2月1日〜3月15日です。\n基礎控除・累進税率・受贈者の納税・申告。\n納税は受贈者。110万円は受贈者ごと・年ごと（贈与者合計）。\n税率は最高55%の累進。\n直系尊属から成人の子への贈与は別の税率表。\n申告は原則、翌年2月1日〜3月15日。\n基礎控除\n暦年課税の贈与税では、受贈者は年110万円まで非課税で受け取れます。重要な点として、この控除は受贈者ごとに贈与者合計に対するもので、贈与者ごとに110万円ずつではありません。控除超過分は最高55%の累進で課税され、直系尊属から成人の子への一定の贈与には別の緩やかな税率表があります。\n申告と記録\n受贈者は、贈与が控除を超える場合、原則翌年2月1日〜3月15日に贈与税を申告します。国外からの贈与、家族間の贈与、相続時精算課税の選択には独自のルールがあり、評価も重要です。贈与者・日付・金額・評価の記録を残し、高額や国際的な贈与は助言を受けましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/gift-tax-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan","guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/zoyo/4402.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"贈与税は、暦年に受けた贈与のうち年110万円の基礎控除（贈与者ごとではなく合計）を超える分に、受贈者が最高55%の累進税率で納めます。申告は原則、翌年2月1日〜3月15日です。\n基礎控除・累進税率・受贈者の納税・申告。\n納税は受贈者。110万円は受贈者ごと・年ごと（贈与者合計）。\n税率は最高55%の累進。\n直系尊属から成人の子への贈与は別の税率表。\n申告は原則、翌年2月1日〜3月15日。\n基礎控除\n暦年課税の贈与税では、受贈者は年110万円まで非課税で受け取れます。重要な点として、この控除は受贈者ごとに贈与者合計に対するもので、贈与者ごとに110万円ずつではありません。控除超過分は最高55%の累進で課税され、直系尊属から成人の子への一定の贈与には別の緩やかな税率表があります。\n申告と記録\n受贈者は、贈与が控除を超える場合、原則翌年2月1日〜3月15日に贈与税を申告します。国外からの贈与、家族間の贈与、相続時精算課税の選択には独自のルールがあり、評価も重要です。贈与者・日付・金額・評価の記録を残し、高額や国際的な贈与は助言を受けましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/gift-tax-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の相続税","plainText":"相続税は、基礎控除「3,000万円＋600万円×法定相続人」を超える遺産に課され、申告・納付は原則、相続開始を知った日から10か月以内です。評価・配偶者の税額軽減・生命保険の非課税・小規模宅地等の特例で結果が大きく変わります。\n基礎控除・法定相続人・10か月期限・評価・各種軽減。\n基礎控除：3,000万円＋600万円×法定相続人。\n申告・納付は原則10か月以内。\n配偶者軽減・保険の非課税・小規模宅地で軽減し得る。\n評価・過去の贈与・信託・国外遺産で複雑化。\n基礎控除と期限\n相続税は、基礎控除を超える課税遺産に課されます。基礎控除は3,000万円＋600万円×法定相続人の数で、法定相続人が多い家族ほど控除が大きくなります。相続税の申告・納付は、原則として相続の開始を知った日（通常は死亡の翌日から起算）から10か月以内です。\n軽減と複雑化\n結果は、評価方法、配偶者の税額軽減、生命保険の非課税、小規模宅地等の特例、信託、持ち戻す過去の贈与、国外遺産、世代飛ばしで大きく変わります。不動産や非上場株式は慎重な評価が必要です。10か月の期限は短くルールも複雑なため、早めに税理士を関与させましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/inheritance-tax-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:gift-tax-in-japan","guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","guide:inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/sozoku/4152.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"相続税は、基礎控除「3,000万円＋600万円×法定相続人」を超える遺産に課され、申告・納付は原則、相続開始を知った日から10か月以内です。評価・配偶者の税額軽減・生命保険の非課税・小規模宅地等の特例で結果が大きく変わります。\n基礎控除・法定相続人・10か月期限・評価・各種軽減。\n基礎控除：3,000万円＋600万円×法定相続人。\n申告・納付は原則10か月以内。\n配偶者軽減・保険の非課税・小規模宅地で軽減し得る。\n評価・過去の贈与・信託・国外遺産で複雑化。\n基礎控除と期限\n相続税は、基礎控除を超える課税遺産に課されます。基礎控除は3,000万円＋600万円×法定相続人の数で、法定相続人が多い家族ほど控除が大きくなります。相続税の申告・納付は、原則として相続の開始を知った日（通常は死亡の翌日から起算）から10か月以内です。\n軽減と複雑化\n結果は、評価方法、配偶者の税額軽減、生命保険の非課税、小規模宅地等の特例、信託、持ち戻す過去の贈与、国外遺産、世代飛ばしで大きく変わります。不動産や非上場株式は慎重な評価が必要です。10か月の期限は短くルールも複雑なため、早めに税理士を関与させましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/inheritance-tax-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"贈与税と相続税の違い","plainText":"贈与税は生前の移転（受贈者ごと年110万円控除）、相続税は死亡時（3,000万円＋600万円×相続人の控除）に課されます。両者は連動し、直近の贈与は相続財産に持ち戻され得るため、相続税を減らす生前贈与には慎重な計画が必要です。\n時期・控除・評価・税率と、対策に助言が必要な理由。\n贈与税＝生前移転、相続税＝死亡時の移転。\n控除と税率構造が異なる。\n直近の贈与は課税遺産に持ち戻され得る。\n相続時精算課税は生前贈与を相続に連動させる。\n比較\n贈与税は生前に行う移転が対象で、受贈者ごと年110万円の控除と最高55%の税率、相続税は死亡時に移る財産が対象で、3,000万円＋600万円×相続人の控除です。将来の遺産を減らすため生前贈与をする人もいますが、両制度は連動しており、単純に相続税を回避することはできません。\n対策に助言が必要な理由\n死亡前の一定期間内の贈与は課税遺産に持ち戻され得え、相続時精算課税を選択すると生前贈与が相続計算に意図的に連動します。評価・時期・家族状況が相互作用します。善意の贈与計画が裏目に出ることもあるため、税理士とモデル化しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:gift-tax-in-japan","guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan","guide:inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/zoyo/4402.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/sozoku/4152.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"贈与税は生前の移転（受贈者ごと年110万円控除）、相続税は死亡時（3,000万円＋600万円×相続人の控除）に課されます。両者は連動し、直近の贈与は相続財産に持ち戻され得るため、相続税を減らす生前贈与には慎重な計画が必要です。\n時期・控除・評価・税率と、対策に助言が必要な理由。\n贈与税＝生前移転、相続税＝死亡時の移転。\n控除と税率構造が異なる。\n直近の贈与は課税遺産に持ち戻され得る。\n相続時精算課税は生前贈与を相続に連動させる。\n比較\n贈与税は生前に行う移転が対象で、受贈者ごと年110万円の控除と最高55%の税率、相続税は死亡時に移る財産が対象で、3,000万円＋600万円×相続人の控除です。将来の遺産を減らすため生前贈与をする人もいますが、両制度は連動しており、単純に相続税を回避することはできません。\n対策に助言が必要な理由\n死亡前の一定期間内の贈与は課税遺産に持ち戻され得え、相続時精算課税を選択すると生前贈与が相続計算に意図的に連動します。評価・時期・家族状況が相互作用します。善意の贈与計画が裏目に出ることもあるため、税理士とモデル化しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents:ja","entityId":"guide:inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人・非居住者の相続税","plainText":"外国人の場合、日本の相続・贈与税が全世界財産に及ぶか日本所在財産のみかは、被相続人と相続人の住所・国籍・区分によります。事実関係が重く加算税リスクもあるため、専門家の確認が必要な分野です。\n住所と財産所在の論点・国外遺産・条約・専門家への相談。\n課税範囲（全世界か日本所在か）は住所・国籍・区分による。\n被相続人と相続人の双方の状況が影響。\n国外遺産・翻訳・評価が複雑さを増す。\n必ず専門家の確認を要する分野。\n誰の財産が、どこまで\n日本の相続・贈与税が全世界財産に及ぶか日本所在財産のみかは、被相続人/贈与者と相続人/受贈者の双方の住所・国籍・在住歴に紐づく区分によります。近年、一時的な外国人労働者を対象にした改正があり、特定の家族に対する正確な範囲は事実次第で直感に反します。\n早めに相談を\n国外遺産は評価・翻訳・相手国ルールとの調整が必要で、条約の確認も要します。誤りは加算税リスクがあり、10か月の期限は短いです。外国人居住者や非居住者の相続人が関わる場合は、早めに専門家の確認を受けましょう。自力で行う分野ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:inheritance-tax-in-japan","guide:gift-tax-vs-inheritance-tax","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/sozoku/4152.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"外国人の場合、日本の相続・贈与税が全世界財産に及ぶか日本所在財産のみかは、被相続人と相続人の住所・国籍・区分によります。事実関係が重く加算税リスクもあるため、専門家の確認が必要な分野です。\n住所と財産所在の論点・国外遺産・条約・専門家への相談。\n課税範囲（全世界か日本所在か）は住所・国籍・区分による。\n被相続人と相続人の双方の状況が影響。\n国外遺産・翻訳・評価が複雑さを増す。\n必ず専門家の確認を要する分野。\n誰の財産が、どこまで\n日本の相続・贈与税が全世界財産に及ぶか日本所在財産のみかは、被相続人/贈与者と相続人/受贈者の双方の住所・国籍・在住歴に紐づく区分によります。近年、一時的な外国人労働者を対象にした改正があり、特定の家族に対する正確な範囲は事実次第で直感に反します。\n早めに相談を\n国外遺産は評価・翻訳・相手国ルールとの調整が必要で、条約の確認も要します。誤りは加算税リスクがあり、10か月の期限は短いです。外国人居住者や非居住者の相続人が関わる場合は、早めに専門家の確認を受けましょう。自力で行う分野ではありません。","url":"/ja/tax/inheritance-tax-for-foreign-residents","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:automobile-taxes-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:automobile-taxes-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の自動車関係税","plainText":"車の保有には、毎年の自動車税（4月1日の所有者に春に請求）に加え、購入・車検時の環境性能割・自動車重量税がかかり、金額は排気量・重量・環境性能で変わります。\n保有・取得・重量・車検・環境性能・通知。\n毎年の自動車税は4月1日の所有者に請求。\n取得時に環境性能割。\n購入・車検時に自動車重量税。\n金額は排気量・重量・環境性能で変わる。\n毎年の税と購入時の税\n毎年の自動車税（種別割）は、4月1日時点の所有者に春に請求され、金額は排気量で決まります（軽自動車は軽い体系）。購入時は燃費・排出に応じた環境性能割を払い、自動車重量税は購入時と車検ごとに課されます。\n区分と地域ルール\n環境性能による区分（エコカー）で一部の税が軽減され、軽自動車は地方が扱い金額も低めです。税率やエコカー減税は変わり、賦課は国と地方に分かれます。車種区分と自治体で当年の金額を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/automobile-taxes-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:stamp-tax-in-japan","guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"東京都主税局","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/kazei/car.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"車の保有には、毎年の自動車税（4月1日の所有者に春に請求）に加え、購入・車検時の環境性能割・自動車重量税がかかり、金額は排気量・重量・環境性能で変わります。\n保有・取得・重量・車検・環境性能・通知。\n毎年の自動車税は4月1日の所有者に請求。\n取得時に環境性能割。\n購入・車検時に自動車重量税。\n金額は排気量・重量・環境性能で変わる。\n毎年の税と購入時の税\n毎年の自動車税（種別割）は、4月1日時点の所有者に春に請求され、金額は排気量で決まります（軽自動車は軽い体系）。購入時は燃費・排出に応じた環境性能割を払い、自動車重量税は購入時と車検ごとに課されます。\n区分と地域ルール\n環境性能による区分（エコカー）で一部の税が軽減され、軽自動車は地方が扱い金額も低めです。税率やエコカー減税は変わり、賦課は国と地方に分かれます。車種区分と自治体で当年の金額を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/automobile-taxes-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:stamp-tax-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:stamp-tax-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の印紙税","plainText":"印紙税は、不動産・請負契約、金銭消費貸借契約、高額の領収書など、一定の紙の文書を作成することに、記載金額に応じて課される税です。純粋な電子文書は、課税対象の紙が作成されないため原則対象外です。\n課税文書・契約の区分・記載金額・電子文書。\n一定の紙の文書の作成に課税。\n税額は文書の種類と記載金額による。\n主な課税文書：不動産/請負契約・金銭貸借・高額の領収書。\n純粋な電子文書は原則対象外。\n課税対象\n印紙税は、法律に列挙された特定の紙の文書の作成に課されます。不動産の譲渡・請負契約、金銭消費貸借契約、一定の継続的取引契約、一定額を超える領収書などです。文書に収入印紙を貼って納付します。実質で判断され、契約を「覚書」と呼んでも課税文書なら回避できません。\n電子文書\nこの税は課税対象の紙の文書の作成に関するものであるため、純粋な電子の契約書や領収書は原則、印紙税の対象外です。多くの企業が電子契約に移行した理由の一つです。一定の不動産・請負契約には臨時の軽減税率があります。当年の税額表と、自分の文書が課税対象かを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/stamp-tax-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan","guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:automobile-taxes-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7140.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"印紙税は、不動産・請負契約、金銭消費貸借契約、高額の領収書など、一定の紙の文書を作成することに、記載金額に応じて課される税です。純粋な電子文書は、課税対象の紙が作成されないため原則対象外です。\n課税文書・契約の区分・記載金額・電子文書。\n一定の紙の文書の作成に課税。\n税額は文書の種類と記載金額による。\n主な課税文書：不動産/請負契約・金銭貸借・高額の領収書。\n純粋な電子文書は原則対象外。\n課税対象\n印紙税は、法律に列挙された特定の紙の文書の作成に課されます。不動産の譲渡・請負契約、金銭消費貸借契約、一定の継続的取引契約、一定額を超える領収書などです。文書に収入印紙を貼って納付します。実質で判断され、契約を「覚書」と呼んでも課税文書なら回避できません。\n電子文書\nこの税は課税対象の紙の文書の作成に関するものであるため、純粋な電子の契約書や領収書は原則、印紙税の対象外です。多くの企業が電子契約に移行した理由の一つです。一定の不動産・請負契約には臨時の軽減税率があります。当年の税額表と、自分の文書が課税対象かを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/stamp-tax-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:international-tourist-tax-and-departure-charges:ja","entityId":"guide:international-tourist-tax-and-departure-charges","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"国際観光旅客税と出国時の負担","plainText":"国際観光旅客税は、日本から出国する人に課される出国1回ごとの負担で、通常は航空券等に上乗せして徴収されます。短時間の乗継や幼児など一定の免除があり、利用前に当年のルールを確認してください。\n対象となる出国・免除・航空券での徴収。\n日本からの出国1回ごとの負担。\n通常は航空券等と併せて徴収。\n一定の免除あり（短時間の乗継・幼児など）。\n渡航前に当年のルール・金額を確認。\n適用の仕方\n国際観光旅客税は、日本からの出国に課され、通常は運送事業者が航空券等の代金に含めて徴収するため、多くの旅行者は別手続きなく負担します。航空・船舶で日本を出国する人に広く適用され、居住者・訪日者を問わず、定められた免除の対象を除きます。\n免除と確認\n免除には、一定の短時間の乗継客、ごく幼い子ども、一部の公用や強制的な出国などがあります。税率・免除・徴収の詳細は変わり得るため、渡航日の当年ルールを確認しましょう。まさに、利用前に再確認すべき臨時的な措置です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/international-tourist-tax-and-departure-charges","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:types-of-taxes-in-japan","guide:leaving-japan-tax-checklist","guide:how-taxes-work-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"観光庁","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/shisaku/kokusai/kokusaikankokyaku.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"国際観光旅客税は、日本から出国する人に課される出国1回ごとの負担で、通常は航空券等に上乗せして徴収されます。短時間の乗継や幼児など一定の免除があり、利用前に当年のルールを確認してください。\n対象となる出国・免除・航空券での徴収。\n日本からの出国1回ごとの負担。\n通常は航空券等と併せて徴収。\n一定の免除あり（短時間の乗継・幼児など）。\n渡航前に当年のルール・金額を確認。\n適用の仕方\n国際観光旅客税は、日本からの出国に課され、通常は運送事業者が航空券等の代金に含めて徴収するため、多くの旅行者は別手続きなく負担します。航空・船舶で日本を出国する人に広く適用され、居住者・訪日者を問わず、定められた免除の対象を除きます。\n免除と確認\n免除には、一定の短時間の乗継客、ごく幼い子ども、一部の公用や強制的な出国などがあります。税率・免除・徴収の詳細は変わり得るため、渡航日の当年ルールを確認しましょう。まさに、利用前に再確認すべき臨時的な措置です。","url":"/ja/tax/international-tourist-tax-and-departure-charges","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant:ja","entityId":"guide:when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"税理士に依頼すべきとき","plainText":"事実関係が重い・リスクが高い場合は税理士に依頼しましょう。居住判定が不確実、複数国に所得や資産、消費税やインボイスの初回判断、不動産売却、相続や高額贈与、税務通知や調査、未申告年、記録不足などです。\n居住判定・国際所得・消費税・不動産売却・相続・通知。\n居住・条約・非永住者の判定が不確実。\n複数国の所得・資産、国外の信託/法人/年金。\n消費税やインボイスの初回判断、法人化。\n不動産売却・相続・高額贈与・税務通知・調査・未申告年。\n明確な相談の合図\n次の場合は速やかに税理士へ。居住・住所・非永住者・条約居住の判定が不確実、複数国に所得や資産、国外の法人・信託・年金・保険が関与、株式報酬が複数国にまたがる、出国税の可能性、取得費資料の乏しい相続・長期保有の不動産、消費税登録やインボイスの判断が近い、家族への給与や法人化を検討する場合です。\n通知・争い・記録不足\n相続・高額贈与・事業承継・非居住相続人がある場合、申告が遅れ・記録が不完全・所得の申告漏れがある場合、国税庁や自治体から照会・更正・調査通知・賦課・督促・差押え予告が出た場合、日本語の制約で自分名義の申告内容を理解できない場合も相談を。依頼前に、現に登録された税理士かを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan","guide:japan-tax-audit-guide-for-individuals","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"弁護士ドットコム株式会社","url":"https://www.zeiri4.com/","official":false}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"事実関係が重い・リスクが高い場合は税理士に依頼しましょう。居住判定が不確実、複数国に所得や資産、消費税やインボイスの初回判断、不動産売却、相続や高額贈与、税務通知や調査、未申告年、記録不足などです。\n居住判定・国際所得・消費税・不動産売却・相続・通知。\n居住・条約・非永住者の判定が不確実。\n複数国の所得・資産、国外の信託/法人/年金。\n消費税やインボイスの初回判断、法人化。\n不動産売却・相続・高額贈与・税務通知・調査・未申告年。\n明確な相談の合図\n次の場合は速やかに税理士へ。居住・住所・非永住者・条約居住の判定が不確実、複数国に所得や資産、国外の法人・信託・年金・保険が関与、株式報酬が複数国にまたがる、出国税の可能性、取得費資料の乏しい相続・長期保有の不動産、消費税登録やインボイスの判断が近い、家族への給与や法人化を検討する場合です。\n通知・争い・記録不足\n相続・高額贈与・事業承継・非居住相続人がある場合、申告が遅れ・記録が不完全・所得の申告漏れがある場合、国税庁や自治体から照会・更正・調査通知・賦課・督促・差押え予告が出た場合、日本語の制約で自分名義の申告内容を理解できない場合も相談を。依頼前に、現に登録された税理士かを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の士業・専門家の種類","plainText":"日本の士業は互換性のない別々の業務範囲を持ちます。税理士は規制された税務助言、社労士は労働・社会保険、司法書士は登記、行政書士は行政手続き、弁護士は紛争、米国のCPA/EAは米国の義務を扱います。\n税理士・社労士・司法書士・行政書士・弁護士・FP。\n税理士：規制された税務助言・代理。\n社会保険労務士：雇用・社会保険。\n司法書士：登記など、行政書士：行政手続き。\n弁護士：法的紛争、米国CPA/EA/弁護士：米国の義務。\n各士業の役割\n税理士は、規制された税務助言を行い税務当局に対して代理できる唯一の専門家です。社会保険労務士は雇用・社会保険、司法書士は登記（不動産登記を含む）、行政書士は所定の行政手続き、弁護士は法的紛争を扱います。ファイナンシャルプランナーは資産計画の助言はできますが、税務代理人ではありません。\n連携と確認\n業務範囲は互換性がないため、複雑な案件では複数の専門家が必要になります。例えば米国人の不動産売却なら、税理士、登記の司法書士、米国のCPA/EAが関わり得ます。記帳代行・ソフトのサポート・翻訳者は税理士業務を行えません。依頼前に、登録の有無を確認し、業務範囲・報酬・言語・データの取扱いを確かめましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:when-to-hire-a-tax-accountant","guide:taxes-for-us-citizens-living-in-japan","guide:taxes-in-japan-for-foreign-residents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"弁護士ドットコム株式会社","url":"https://www.zeiri4.com/","official":false}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"日本の士業は互換性のない別々の業務範囲を持ちます。税理士は規制された税務助言、社労士は労働・社会保険、司法書士は登記、行政書士は行政手続き、弁護士は紛争、米国のCPA/EAは米国の義務を扱います。\n税理士・社労士・司法書士・行政書士・弁護士・FP。\n税理士：規制された税務助言・代理。\n社会保険労務士：雇用・社会保険。\n司法書士：登記など、行政書士：行政手続き。\n弁護士：法的紛争、米国CPA/EA/弁護士：米国の義務。\n各士業の役割\n税理士は、規制された税務助言を行い税務当局に対して代理できる唯一の専門家です。社会保険労務士は雇用・社会保険、司法書士は登記（不動産登記を含む）、行政書士は所定の行政手続き、弁護士は法的紛争を扱います。ファイナンシャルプランナーは資産計画の助言はできますが、税務代理人ではありません。\n連携と確認\n業務範囲は互換性がないため、複雑な案件では複数の専門家が必要になります。例えば米国人の不動産売却なら、税理士、登記の司法書士、米国のCPA/EAが関わり得ます。記帳代行・ソフトのサポート・翻訳者は税理士業務を行えません。依頼前に、登録の有無を確認し、業務範囲・報酬・言語・データの取扱いを確かめましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/types-of-financial-and-legal-professionals-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-start-investing-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で投資を始める方法","plainText":"まず生活防衛資金を確保し高金利の借金を返済。次に低コストの証券会社でNISAを開き、分散された低コストのインデックス投信を1本買い、無理のない金額で毎月自動積立にします。\n手順を追って解説：生活防衛資金づくり、口座選び、低コスト投信を1本選び、自動積立にするまで。\n投資は、流動性のある貯蓄と高金利借金の返済の「後」です。\n多くの居住者はまずNISAを使い、老後まで固定できる資金はiDeCoが向きます。\n全世界株式インデックス投信1本で、数千社に分散でき、手間はほぼゼロです。\n売却を迫られる月10万円より、続けられる月5,000円のほうが優れています。\n買付を自動化すれば、毎月の判断が不要になります。\nステップ1〜3：投資の前の準備\n何かを買う前に、予見できる支出と緊急時に備えた現金を確保し、カードのリボ残高など高金利の消費者ローンを返済します。相場下落時に、生活費のために投資を売る事態は避けるべきです。判断基準はシンプルです。証券口座に触れずに、数か月分の必須支出をまかなえますか？\n次に、勤務先にマッチング拠出や特に有利な企業年金がないか確認します。放置すれば失う会社の拠出は、自分の口座を先に始めるより有利なことが多いです。その後に、自分の税制優遇口座へ進みます。\nステップ4〜5：口座と証券会社を選ぶ\n多くの居住者の最初の口座はNISA（非課税の投資制度）です。対象の利益・配当は日本の課税が非課税で、年間つみたて枠120万円＋成長投資枠240万円、生涯1,800万円が上限です。iDeCoは、掛金の所得控除と引き換えに老後まで固定できる資金に向きます。これらの枠を超える分は課税の「特定口座」で保有します。\n証券会社は、表面上の最安手数料や一時的なポイント率ではなく、総コスト・商品ラインナップ・税務口座対応・言語・出国時の取扱いで選びます。自分で運用する居住者には、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井がよく比較対象になり、英語対応が明確に確認できるのはインタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券です。\nステップ6〜8：投信を1本買い、自動化する\n長期の基本形は、幅広く分散された低コストの全世界株式インデックス投信1本で、許容できる損失に応じて現金や債券を組み合わせます。全世界株式が必ず勝つからではなく、1本で多くの国・企業に分散でき、手間がかからないためです。\nまず少額で買付し、投信の注文・基準価額・受渡しの仕組みを理解してから、毎月の自動積立を設定します。積立は家計管理と行動面のツールであり、損失を防ぐものではありませんが、毎月の判断をなくし、相場を当てようとする誘惑を減らします。\nステップ9：軽く維持する\nポートフォリオ全体は年1〜2回と大きなライフイベント時に見直し、ニュースのたびには動かしません。可能な限り新規の積立で目標配分に戻し、税務のため年間取引報告書を保管し、収入・家族・在留状況が変わったら計画を再確認します。目的は、常に調整する計画ではなく、大きな下落でも持ち続けられる計画です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/how-to-start-investing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:saving-vs-investing","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:investment-risk-explained"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"まず生活防衛資金を確保し高金利の借金を返済。次に低コストの証券会社でNISAを開き、分散された低コストのインデックス投信を1本買い、無理のない金額で毎月自動積立にします。\n手順を追って解説：生活防衛資金づくり、口座選び、低コスト投信を1本選び、自動積立にするまで。\n投資は、流動性のある貯蓄と高金利借金の返済の「後」です。\n多くの居住者はまずNISAを使い、老後まで固定できる資金はiDeCoが向きます。\n全世界株式インデックス投信1本で、数千社に分散でき、手間はほぼゼロです。\n売却を迫られる月10万円より、続けられる月5,000円のほうが優れています。\n買付を自動化すれば、毎月の判断が不要になります。\nステップ1〜3：投資の前の準備\n何かを買う前に、予見できる支出と緊急時に備えた現金を確保し、カードのリボ残高など高金利の消費者ローンを返済します。相場下落時に、生活費のために投資を売る事態は避けるべきです。判断基準はシンプルです。証券口座に触れずに、数か月分の必須支出をまかなえますか？\n次に、勤務先にマッチング拠出や特に有利な企業年金がないか確認します。放置すれば失う会社の拠出は、自分の口座を先に始めるより有利なことが多いです。その後に、自分の税制優遇口座へ進みます。\nステップ4〜5：口座と証券会社を選ぶ\n多くの居住者の最初の口座はNISA（非課税の投資制度）です。対象の利益・配当は日本の課税が非課税で、年間つみたて枠120万円＋成長投資枠240万円、生涯1,800万円が上限です。iDeCoは、掛金の所得控除と引き換えに老後まで固定できる資金に向きます。これらの枠を超える分は課税の「特定口座」で保有します。\n証券会社は、表面上の最安手数料や一時的なポイント率ではなく、総コスト・商品ラインナップ・税務口座対応・言語・出国時の取扱いで選びます。自分で運用する居住者には、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井がよく比較対象になり、英語対応が明確に確認できるのはインタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券です。\nステップ6〜8：投信を1本買い、自動化する\n長期の基本形は、幅広く分散された低コストの全世界株式インデックス投信1本で、許容できる損失に応じて現金や債券を組み合わせます。全世界株式が必ず勝つからではなく、1本で多くの国・企業に分散でき、手間がかからないためです。\nまず少額で買付し、投信の注文・基準価額・受渡しの仕組みを理解してから、毎月の自動積立を設定します。積立は家計管理と行動面のツールであり、損失を防ぐものではありませんが、毎月の判断をなくし、相場を当てようとする誘惑を減らします。\nステップ9：軽く維持する\nポートフォリオ全体は年1〜2回と大きなライフイベント時に見直し、ニュースのたびには動かしません。可能な限り新規の積立で目標配分に戻し、税務のため年間取引報告書を保管し、収入・家族・在留状況が変わったら計画を再確認します。目的は、常に調整する計画ではなく、大きな下落でも持ち続けられる計画です。","url":"/ja/investing/how-to-start-investing-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:saving-vs-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:saving-vs-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本における貯蓄と投資の違い","plainText":"近く使うかもしれないお金は現金・預金で貯め、数年使わず値動きに耐えられるお金だけを投資に回します。各目標を時間軸に合わせることが核心です。\n現金・定期預金・個人向け国債が適する場面と、成長を狙う投資が理にかなう場面。\n貯蓄は安定性と即時の換金性を、投資は不確実性を受け入れて成長の可能性を重視します。\n現金は額面上の損失はないものの、物価上昇が金利を上回ると購買力が下がります。\n短期の目標（おおむね3年未満）は相場ではなく現金・短期預金に置きます。\n銀行預金は1行あたり元本1,000万円まで保護され、外貨預金は通常対象外です。\n生活防衛資金は投資しない——高利回りより「確実さ」が必要です。\n現金から投資までの連続体\nお金は「流動性と安定性が最も高い」ものから「最も低い」ものまで連続しています。普通預金は即時換金と安定性が高い一方、リターンはわずかです。定期預金は期間中の金利を固定して予測可能性を高めますが、途中解約に制限があります。個人向け国債は、政府による元本保証、最低1万円、毎月発行、下限金利の仕組みがありますが、期待リターンは低く、途中換金には調整があります。株式・投信・国債以外の債券・不動産証券などの投資は、期待リターンは高い一方、価値は変動し元本保証はありません。\n適切な手段は「最も高いリターン」ではなく、「いつお金が必要か」と「途中の変動にどれだけ耐えられるか」に合うものです。\n「額面で減らない」＝「無リスク」ではない\n現金は数字が減らないため安全に感じます。しかし物価が2%上がる一方で預金金利がほぼ0%なら、同じ金額で翌年に買えるものは減ります——残高は同じでも、購買力という点では実質的な損失です。このインフレリスクが、長期の資金を投資する主な理由で、成長資産は長期では現金を上回ってきました（今後も続く保証はありません）。\n逆の誤りは、近く使う資金を投資することです。一時的な下落で、悪い価格での売却を迫られます。いずれも「お金と時間軸の不一致」から生じます。\nお金を目標に合わせる——具体例\n3年後に必要な住宅頭金は、通常は現金や短期の安全資産に置きます。購入直前に株式が30%下落すれば致命的だからです。30年後の老後資金は、回復する時間があるため株式の変動に耐えられます。すべての目標に同じ配分を当てるのはよくある誤りです。生活防衛資金・近い目標・長期目標を分け、それぞれに別の手段を使います。\n実務的な分け方：数か月分の生活費と、約3年以内に使う目標資金は預金に。数年間触れない余剰分だけを投資に回します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/saving-vs-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:investment-risk-explained","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"預金保険機構","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"財務省","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/jgbs/individual/kojinmuke/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"近く使うかもしれないお金は現金・預金で貯め、数年使わず値動きに耐えられるお金だけを投資に回します。各目標を時間軸に合わせることが核心です。\n現金・定期預金・個人向け国債が適する場面と、成長を狙う投資が理にかなう場面。\n貯蓄は安定性と即時の換金性を、投資は不確実性を受け入れて成長の可能性を重視します。\n現金は額面上の損失はないものの、物価上昇が金利を上回ると購買力が下がります。\n短期の目標（おおむね3年未満）は相場ではなく現金・短期預金に置きます。\n銀行預金は1行あたり元本1,000万円まで保護され、外貨預金は通常対象外です。\n生活防衛資金は投資しない——高利回りより「確実さ」が必要です。\n現金から投資までの連続体\nお金は「流動性と安定性が最も高い」ものから「最も低い」ものまで連続しています。普通預金は即時換金と安定性が高い一方、リターンはわずかです。定期預金は期間中の金利を固定して予測可能性を高めますが、途中解約に制限があります。個人向け国債は、政府による元本保証、最低1万円、毎月発行、下限金利の仕組みがありますが、期待リターンは低く、途中換金には調整があります。株式・投信・国債以外の債券・不動産証券などの投資は、期待リターンは高い一方、価値は変動し元本保証はありません。\n適切な手段は「最も高いリターン」ではなく、「いつお金が必要か」と「途中の変動にどれだけ耐えられるか」に合うものです。\n「額面で減らない」＝「無リスク」ではない\n現金は数字が減らないため安全に感じます。しかし物価が2%上がる一方で預金金利がほぼ0%なら、同じ金額で翌年に買えるものは減ります——残高は同じでも、購買力という点では実質的な損失です。このインフレリスクが、長期の資金を投資する主な理由で、成長資産は長期では現金を上回ってきました（今後も続く保証はありません）。\n逆の誤りは、近く使う資金を投資することです。一時的な下落で、悪い価格での売却を迫られます。いずれも「お金と時間軸の不一致」から生じます。\nお金を目標に合わせる——具体例\n3年後に必要な住宅頭金は、通常は現金や短期の安全資産に置きます。購入直前に株式が30%下落すれば致命的だからです。30年後の老後資金は、回復する時間があるため株式の変動に耐えられます。すべての目標に同じ配分を当てるのはよくある誤りです。生活防衛資金・近い目標・長期目標を分け、それぞれに別の手段を使います。\n実務的な分け方：数か月分の生活費と、約3年以内に使う目標資金は預金に。数年間触れない余剰分だけを投資に回します。","url":"/ja/investing/saving-vs-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-risk-explained:ja","entityId":"guide:investment-risk-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"投資リスクの基本","plainText":"リスクは一つではありません。価格変動は一時的な揺れで、恒久的損失は別物です。実務的な問いは「1,000万円が一時的に600万円へ下落しても計画を保てるか」です。\n価格変動と恒久的損失の違い、主なリスクの種類、株式配分を「起こり得る円ベースの損失」に置き換える方法。\n価格変動（一時的な揺れ）は、資本の恒久的損失とは異なります。\nリスク許容度を「耐えられる財務力（キャパシティ）」「感情的な意思」「必要リターン」に分けます。\nポートフォリオは、キャパシティ・意思・必要の「最も低いもの」で制約します。\n全額株式は厳しい相場で約50%下落し得ます。株式60%なら概ね約30%です。\n30%の下落は回復に約43%の上昇が必要——損失と回復は非対称です。\nリスクの主な種類\n市場リスクは価格全体の上下です。個別（企業固有）リスクは特定の発行体の破綻で、分散で軽減できます。信用リスクは借り手の債務不履行です。流動性リスクは、現金が必要なときに適正価格で売れないことです。為替リスクは、為替変動が外貨資産の円価値を変えることです。インフレリスクは、額面上の損失がなくても購買力が失われることです。\n重要な区別：価格変動は反転し得る一時的な価値の変化ですが、恒久的損失（倒産や底値での売却）は取り戻せません。分散と時間は、失敗する集中投資よりも、価格変動に対してはるかに有効です。\nキャパシティ・許容度・必要\nとるべきリスク量を決めるのは3つの別々の考えです。リスクキャパシティは損失に耐える財務的な力で、安定収入のある若手は高く、取り崩し期の退職者は低くなります。リスク許容度は、下落しても計画を捨てずに耐える感情的な意思です。リスク必要度は、目標が実際に必要とするリターンです。\nポートフォリオは通常、この3つのうち最も低いもので制約します。キャパシティは高くても許容度が低く、暴落のたびに売る人は、実質的に低許容度の投資家であり、株式比率をそれに合わせるべきです。\n配分を円ベースの損失に置き換える\n「中程度」「積極的」といったラベルより、具体的な計算のほうが役立ちます。厳しい相場で株式が50%下落すると仮定すると（債券・為替効果を除く）、ポートフォリオの概算下落率は、株式20%→約−10%、40%→約−20%、60%→約−30%、80%→約−40%、100%→約−50%です。\n自分ごとにしましょう。1,000万円（株式60%）が一時的に600万円へ下落したら、計画を捨てて売りますか？回復も非対称で、30%の下落は約43%、50%の下落は100%の上昇で元に戻ります。正直に「売ってしまう」なら、耐えられる想定損失になるまで株式比率を下げます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investment-risk-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:saving-vs-investing","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本投資者保護基金","url":"https://jipf.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"リスクは一つではありません。価格変動は一時的な揺れで、恒久的損失は別物です。実務的な問いは「1,000万円が一時的に600万円へ下落しても計画を保てるか」です。\n価格変動と恒久的損失の違い、主なリスクの種類、株式配分を「起こり得る円ベースの損失」に置き換える方法。\n価格変動（一時的な揺れ）は、資本の恒久的損失とは異なります。\nリスク許容度を「耐えられる財務力（キャパシティ）」「感情的な意思」「必要リターン」に分けます。\nポートフォリオは、キャパシティ・意思・必要の「最も低いもの」で制約します。\n全額株式は厳しい相場で約50%下落し得ます。株式60%なら概ね約30%です。\n30%の下落は回復に約43%の上昇が必要——損失と回復は非対称です。\nリスクの主な種類\n市場リスクは価格全体の上下です。個別（企業固有）リスクは特定の発行体の破綻で、分散で軽減できます。信用リスクは借り手の債務不履行です。流動性リスクは、現金が必要なときに適正価格で売れないことです。為替リスクは、為替変動が外貨資産の円価値を変えることです。インフレリスクは、額面上の損失がなくても購買力が失われることです。\n重要な区別：価格変動は反転し得る一時的な価値の変化ですが、恒久的損失（倒産や底値での売却）は取り戻せません。分散と時間は、失敗する集中投資よりも、価格変動に対してはるかに有効です。\nキャパシティ・許容度・必要\nとるべきリスク量を決めるのは3つの別々の考えです。リスクキャパシティは損失に耐える財務的な力で、安定収入のある若手は高く、取り崩し期の退職者は低くなります。リスク許容度は、下落しても計画を捨てずに耐える感情的な意思です。リスク必要度は、目標が実際に必要とするリターンです。\nポートフォリオは通常、この3つのうち最も低いもので制約します。キャパシティは高くても許容度が低く、暴落のたびに売る人は、実質的に低許容度の投資家であり、株式比率をそれに合わせるべきです。\n配分を円ベースの損失に置き換える\n「中程度」「積極的」といったラベルより、具体的な計算のほうが役立ちます。厳しい相場で株式が50%下落すると仮定すると（債券・為替効果を除く）、ポートフォリオの概算下落率は、株式20%→約−10%、40%→約−20%、60%→約−30%、80%→約−40%、100%→約−50%です。\n自分ごとにしましょう。1,000万円（株式60%）が一時的に600万円へ下落したら、計画を捨てて売りますか？回復も非対称で、30%の下落は約43%、50%の下落は100%の上昇で元に戻ります。正直に「売ってしまう」なら、耐えられる想定損失になるまで株式比率を下げます。","url":"/ja/investing/investment-risk-explained","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:diversification-asset-allocation:ja","entityId":"guide:diversification-asset-allocation","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"分散投資と資産配分","plainText":"分散投資は、企業・業種・国・資産クラスに広げ、単一の失敗で沈まないようにします。株式・債券・現金の比率（資産配分）は、似たインデックス投信のどれを選ぶかより重要な判断です。\n企業・国・通貨・資産クラスに分散する仕組みと、銘柄選びより資産配分が重要な理由。\n企業・業種・国・通貨・資産クラスに分散します。\n資産配分（株式・債券・現金の比率）は、銘柄選びよりリスクを左右します。\n全世界株式インデックス投信1本で、すでに数千社に分散されています。\n自国バイアスは、単一通貨・輸出主体の日本経済に偏りがちです。\n分散は企業固有リスクを下げますが、市場全体の下落は消せません。\n分散の各次元\n分散とは、単一の結果に依存しないことです。企業・業種の分散は、1社や1業界の失敗から守ります。国の分散は、単一の経済や政治体制への依存を下げます。通貨の分散は、資産を円だけに結び付けないことです。資産クラス（株式・債券・現金・REIT）の分散は、同時には下落しにくい資産を組み合わせます。\n幅広い全世界株式インデックス投信は、企業・業種・国の次元を1回の購入でカバーします。債券や現金を加えると資産クラスの次元に対応し、全体の変動を下げます。\n配分こそ重要な判断\n株式・債券・現金の比率は、似たインデックス投信のどちらを選ぶかより大きなリスク判断です。全額株式から株式60%へ移すと、厳しい相場の損失が概ね−50%から−30%へ変わります。これは信託報酬0.05%の差よりはるかに大きな効果です。まず時間軸と耐えられる損失に基づいて配分を決め、それを実現する低コスト投信を選びます。\n例として3つの型：保守的な人は債券・現金を多めに株式を少数に、バランス型は成長と安定をおおむね均等に、成長型は主に株式にします。普遍的な正解はなく、暴落時に保てるものが自分にとっての正解です。\n自国バイアスとその限界\n身近なものに過度に投資するのは自然です。日本のみのポートフォリオは、単一の国・通貨環境に集中し、工業・金融・輸出企業に偏った経済にさらされます。将来の支出が円中心なら日本を少し多めにするのは合理的ですが、全世界のコアは多くの経済・業種にリスクを広げます。\n最後に分散の限界です。危機時には相関が高まり、多くの資産が同時に下落し得ます。分散は「単一の保有が計画を壊すリスク」を下げますが、プラスの年を約束するものではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/diversification-asset-allocation","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investment-risk-explained","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"分散投資は、企業・業種・国・資産クラスに広げ、単一の失敗で沈まないようにします。株式・債券・現金の比率（資産配分）は、似たインデックス投信のどれを選ぶかより重要な判断です。\n企業・国・通貨・資産クラスに分散する仕組みと、銘柄選びより資産配分が重要な理由。\n企業・業種・国・通貨・資産クラスに分散します。\n資産配分（株式・債券・現金の比率）は、銘柄選びよりリスクを左右します。\n全世界株式インデックス投信1本で、すでに数千社に分散されています。\n自国バイアスは、単一通貨・輸出主体の日本経済に偏りがちです。\n分散は企業固有リスクを下げますが、市場全体の下落は消せません。\n分散の各次元\n分散とは、単一の結果に依存しないことです。企業・業種の分散は、1社や1業界の失敗から守ります。国の分散は、単一の経済や政治体制への依存を下げます。通貨の分散は、資産を円だけに結び付けないことです。資産クラス（株式・債券・現金・REIT）の分散は、同時には下落しにくい資産を組み合わせます。\n幅広い全世界株式インデックス投信は、企業・業種・国の次元を1回の購入でカバーします。債券や現金を加えると資産クラスの次元に対応し、全体の変動を下げます。\n配分こそ重要な判断\n株式・債券・現金の比率は、似たインデックス投信のどちらを選ぶかより大きなリスク判断です。全額株式から株式60%へ移すと、厳しい相場の損失が概ね−50%から−30%へ変わります。これは信託報酬0.05%の差よりはるかに大きな効果です。まず時間軸と耐えられる損失に基づいて配分を決め、それを実現する低コスト投信を選びます。\n例として3つの型：保守的な人は債券・現金を多めに株式を少数に、バランス型は成長と安定をおおむね均等に、成長型は主に株式にします。普遍的な正解はなく、暴落時に保てるものが自分にとっての正解です。\n自国バイアスとその限界\n身近なものに過度に投資するのは自然です。日本のみのポートフォリオは、単一の国・通貨環境に集中し、工業・金融・輸出企業に偏った経済にさらされます。将来の支出が円中心なら日本を少し多めにするのは合理的ですが、全世界のコアは多くの経済・業種にリスクを広げます。\n最後に分散の限界です。危機時には相関が高まり、多くの資産が同時に下落し得ます。分散は「単一の保有が計画を壊すリスク」を下げますが、プラスの年を約束するものではありません。","url":"/ja/investing/diversification-asset-allocation","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compound-growth:ja","entityId":"guide:compound-growth","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"複利の効果をわかりやすく","plainText":"複利とは利益がさらに利益を生むことで、時間と継続的な拠出が大きく効きます。ただし手数料・税金・インフレは実質の結果を静かに削ります。\n利益が利益を生む仕組み、拠出と運用益の違い、手数料・税金・インフレが重要な理由。\n複利は、単発の拠出額より「市場にいる時間」を大きく報います。\n初期は拠出が大半を占め、数十年では運用益が拠出を上回ることがあります。\n名目リターンはインフレを無視します。実際に物を買えるのは実質（インフレ後）リターンです。\n1,000万円への年1%の手数料は複利前で年約10万円——コストも複利で効きます。\nこれは確定的な例示で予測ではありません。実際のリターンは不規則です。\n複利の仕組み\n投資が利益を生み、それを投資に残すと、次の期のリターンはより大きな残高に対して計算されます。年を重ねると雪だるま式に増えます。100万円を一度投資し年複利で放置すると、概算で、3%なら10年後約134万円・20年後181万円・30年後243万円、5%なら約163万・265万・432万円、7%なら約197万・387万・761万円になります。\n傾向として、想定リターンが高いほど、期間が長いほど効き、後半の年ほど寄与が大きくなります。だからこそ、少額でも早く始めることが強力なのです。\n拠出と運用益\n毎月の積立でも同じ効果が現れます。年5%（月複利）と仮定し、毎月末に3万円を積み立てると、概算で10年後約466万円、20年後1,233万円、30年後2,497万円になります。各期間の自分の拠出合計は360万・720万・1,080万円で、初期は残高の大半が自分のお金ですが、30年目には運用益が拠出総額を上回ります。\nだから「強度」より「継続」が勝ります。控えめな額を数十年続ければ成長が主役になりますが、中断と再開は時計を巻き戻します。\n手数料・税金・インフレ\n複利は両刃です。1,000万円への年1%の手数料は初年度で約10万円ですが、そのお金はもう投資されないため、数十年でこのマイナスが複利で大きく膨らみます。これが低コストのインデックス投信や、対象の利益が通常の20.315%課税を免れるNISAのような非課税制度の核心的な根拠です。\n最後に名目と実質を区別します。名目5%でインフレ2%なら、実質の購買力では約3%です。計画では、リターンは「仮定」と明記し、実際に買える力を決める実質値も考えます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/compound-growth","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"複利とは利益がさらに利益を生むことで、時間と継続的な拠出が大きく効きます。ただし手数料・税金・インフレは実質の結果を静かに削ります。\n利益が利益を生む仕組み、拠出と運用益の違い、手数料・税金・インフレが重要な理由。\n複利は、単発の拠出額より「市場にいる時間」を大きく報います。\n初期は拠出が大半を占め、数十年では運用益が拠出を上回ることがあります。\n名目リターンはインフレを無視します。実際に物を買えるのは実質（インフレ後）リターンです。\n1,000万円への年1%の手数料は複利前で年約10万円——コストも複利で効きます。\nこれは確定的な例示で予測ではありません。実際のリターンは不規則です。\n複利の仕組み\n投資が利益を生み、それを投資に残すと、次の期のリターンはより大きな残高に対して計算されます。年を重ねると雪だるま式に増えます。100万円を一度投資し年複利で放置すると、概算で、3%なら10年後約134万円・20年後181万円・30年後243万円、5%なら約163万・265万・432万円、7%なら約197万・387万・761万円になります。\n傾向として、想定リターンが高いほど、期間が長いほど効き、後半の年ほど寄与が大きくなります。だからこそ、少額でも早く始めることが強力なのです。\n拠出と運用益\n毎月の積立でも同じ効果が現れます。年5%（月複利）と仮定し、毎月末に3万円を積み立てると、概算で10年後約466万円、20年後1,233万円、30年後2,497万円になります。各期間の自分の拠出合計は360万・720万・1,080万円で、初期は残高の大半が自分のお金ですが、30年目には運用益が拠出総額を上回ります。\nだから「強度」より「継続」が勝ります。控えめな額を数十年続ければ成長が主役になりますが、中断と再開は時計を巻き戻します。\n手数料・税金・インフレ\n複利は両刃です。1,000万円への年1%の手数料は初年度で約10万円ですが、そのお金はもう投資されないため、数十年でこのマイナスが複利で大きく膨らみます。これが低コストのインデックス投信や、対象の利益が通常の20.315%課税を免れるNISAのような非課税制度の核心的な根拠です。\n最後に名目と実質を区別します。名目5%でインフレ2%なら、実質の購買力では約3%です。計画では、リターンは「仮定」と明記し、実際に買える力を決める実質値も考えます。","url":"/ja/investing/compound-growth","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"一括投資と積立投資","plainText":"一括投資は市場にいる時間を最大化し、既に資金があり長期なら合理的です。数か月に分けると後悔や購入時期の集中を減らせますが、その分は投資されずに残ります。積立は主に家計・行動のツールで、損失を防ぐものではありません。\n一括投資が理にかなう場面、ドルコスト平均法の実際の役割、そして実務的な判断の枠組み。\n今の一括投資は市場への露出を最大化し、長期では経済的に合理的です。\n6〜12か月に分けると、行動面の後悔と購入時期の集中を減らせます。\nドルコスト平均法は安いとき多く・高いとき少なく買いますが、損失は起こり得ます。\n積立は家計・行動のツールで、損失を防ぐ仕組みではありません。\n最適解は、手元資金・時間軸・早期下落への反応で決まります。\n一括投資の根拠\n既に資金があり、長期で、直後の下落に耐えられるなら、一度に全額投資するのは経済的に合理的です。長期では相場は下がるより上がる頻度が高く、投資期間が長いほど有利に働きやすいためです。リスクはタイミングで、大きな下落の直前に全額を入れると、長期的に正しくても心情的につらいものです。\n一括投資は、本当に余剰で長期の資金に最も適します。近く使う可能性のある現金には適さず、この議論に関係なく預金に置くべきです。\n分割投資とドルコスト平均法\n一括を6〜12か月に分けると、単一の悪い価格で全額を入れる確率を下げ、後悔を和らげます。代わりに一部は投資されずに残り、歴史的には即時の一括に劣ることも多いです（相場は下がるより上がるため）。ドルコスト平均法（一定額を繰り返し投資）は、安いとき多く・高いとき少なく自動で買いますが、損失の可能性を消しはしません。\nよくある誤解の訂正：積立は「損失を防ぐ」意味でリスクを下げるものではありません。その真価は行動面・実務面にあり、投資を習慣化し、完璧な買い時を当てる重圧を取り除きます。\n実務的な判断の枠組み\nこの枠組みを使います。既に手元にあり本当に長期の臨時収入（賞与・相続）なら、一括は妥当ですが、早期の急落で売ってしまいそうなら数か月の分割も合理的な妥協です。給与として毎月入るお金なら、稼ぎながら投資する積立が自然です。\n例：投資可能な100万円と20年の時間軸があるなら、一括でも6か月分割でも妥当です。毎月の給与から3万円を投じるのは、継続の習慣そのものです。下落局面でも続けられる方を選びましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:compound-growth","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:investment-risk-explained"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"一括投資は市場にいる時間を最大化し、既に資金があり長期なら合理的です。数か月に分けると後悔や購入時期の集中を減らせますが、その分は投資されずに残ります。積立は主に家計・行動のツールで、損失を防ぐものではありません。\n一括投資が理にかなう場面、ドルコスト平均法の実際の役割、そして実務的な判断の枠組み。\n今の一括投資は市場への露出を最大化し、長期では経済的に合理的です。\n6〜12か月に分けると、行動面の後悔と購入時期の集中を減らせます。\nドルコスト平均法は安いとき多く・高いとき少なく買いますが、損失は起こり得ます。\n積立は家計・行動のツールで、損失を防ぐ仕組みではありません。\n最適解は、手元資金・時間軸・早期下落への反応で決まります。\n一括投資の根拠\n既に資金があり、長期で、直後の下落に耐えられるなら、一度に全額投資するのは経済的に合理的です。長期では相場は下がるより上がる頻度が高く、投資期間が長いほど有利に働きやすいためです。リスクはタイミングで、大きな下落の直前に全額を入れると、長期的に正しくても心情的につらいものです。\n一括投資は、本当に余剰で長期の資金に最も適します。近く使う可能性のある現金には適さず、この議論に関係なく預金に置くべきです。\n分割投資とドルコスト平均法\n一括を6〜12か月に分けると、単一の悪い価格で全額を入れる確率を下げ、後悔を和らげます。代わりに一部は投資されずに残り、歴史的には即時の一括に劣ることも多いです（相場は下がるより上がるため）。ドルコスト平均法（一定額を繰り返し投資）は、安いとき多く・高いとき少なく自動で買いますが、損失の可能性を消しはしません。\nよくある誤解の訂正：積立は「損失を防ぐ」意味でリスクを下げるものではありません。その真価は行動面・実務面にあり、投資を習慣化し、完璧な買い時を当てる重圧を取り除きます。\n実務的な判断の枠組み\nこの枠組みを使います。既に手元にあり本当に長期の臨時収入（賞与・相続）なら、一括は妥当ですが、早期の急落で売ってしまいそうなら数か月の分割も合理的な妥協です。給与として毎月入るお金なら、稼ぎながら投資する積立が自然です。\n例：投資可能な100万円と20年の時間軸があるなら、一括でも6か月分割でも妥当です。毎月の給与から3万円を投じるのは、継続の習慣そのものです。下落局面でも続けられる方を選びましょう。","url":"/ja/investing/lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:active-vs-passive-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:active-vs-passive-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"アクティブ運用とパッシブ運用","plainText":"パッシブなインデックス投信は市場を極めて低コストで追随します。アクティブ投信は上回ろうとしますが手数料が高く、費用差引後は下回ることが多いです。多くの初心者は低コストのインデックスを核にし、アクティブは意図的なサテライトとしてのみ加えます。\nインデックス投信・アクティブ運用・個別株選びの違いと、長期の結果でコストと売買回転が重要な理由。\nインデックス（パッシブ）投信は、指数を極めて低コストで追随します。\nアクティブ投信は指数を上回ろうとしますが、手数料が高く売買も多くなります。\n費用と回転を差し引くと、長期では多くのアクティブ投信が指数を下回ります。\n個別株選びはリスクを集中させ、多くの初心者が続けられない調査を要します。\nコア・サテライト戦略は、低コストのインデックスを核にし、アクティブを小さく抑えます。\nインデックス・アクティブ・個別株\nパッシブなインデックス投信は、公表された指数（例：全世界株やS&P500）を追随し、指数構成銘柄を保有することで、あなたのリターンが「市場−わずかな手数料」に近づきます。アクティブ投信は、運用者が銘柄を選び指数を上回ろうとします。個別株選びは、その選択を自分で行うことです。\nトレードオフはコストと結果のばらつきです。インデックスは安価で指数に対し予測可能ですが、アクティブは手数料と売買回転が高く、結果の幅が広く——市場を上回るものもあれば、下回るものも多いです。\nコストと売買回転が重要な理由\n手数料は不利に複利で効きます。信託報酬1.5%と0.1%の差は毎年約1.4%を失うことに相当し、数十年では成長の大きな部分を食います。売買回転が高いと取引コストが増え、NISA外では課税イベントも生じます。アクティブ投信は平均すればコスト前で市場並みを保有するため、高い手数料を差し引くと長期で多くが指数を下回ります。\nこれはアクティブ運用が決して機能しないという主張ではありません（指数を上回る投信もあります）。ただし事前に見分けるのは難しく、コストの重しは確実な逆風です。核となる保有には、透明で低コストのインデックス投信が、より単純で安価な基本形です。\nアクティブが妥当な場面——コアとサテライト\nアクティブな選択は、意図的で限定的な「サテライト」としては妥当です——指数が捉えない露出や、理解して望む戦略などです。規律は、ポートフォリオの大半を低コストのインデックス「コア」に置き、アクティブや個別株の部分を、失敗しても吸収できる規模に抑えることです。\n初心者が最も陥る誤りは逆で、昨年のリターンで投信を選び、重複した高コストのアクティブ商品の寄せ集めになることです。まずコアを決め、それ以外は意図的な例外として扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/active-vs-passive-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:what-is-nisa"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"パッシブなインデックス投信は市場を極めて低コストで追随します。アクティブ投信は上回ろうとしますが手数料が高く、費用差引後は下回ることが多いです。多くの初心者は低コストのインデックスを核にし、アクティブは意図的なサテライトとしてのみ加えます。\nインデックス投信・アクティブ運用・個別株選びの違いと、長期の結果でコストと売買回転が重要な理由。\nインデックス（パッシブ）投信は、指数を極めて低コストで追随します。\nアクティブ投信は指数を上回ろうとしますが、手数料が高く売買も多くなります。\n費用と回転を差し引くと、長期では多くのアクティブ投信が指数を下回ります。\n個別株選びはリスクを集中させ、多くの初心者が続けられない調査を要します。\nコア・サテライト戦略は、低コストのインデックスを核にし、アクティブを小さく抑えます。\nインデックス・アクティブ・個別株\nパッシブなインデックス投信は、公表された指数（例：全世界株やS&P500）を追随し、指数構成銘柄を保有することで、あなたのリターンが「市場−わずかな手数料」に近づきます。アクティブ投信は、運用者が銘柄を選び指数を上回ろうとします。個別株選びは、その選択を自分で行うことです。\nトレードオフはコストと結果のばらつきです。インデックスは安価で指数に対し予測可能ですが、アクティブは手数料と売買回転が高く、結果の幅が広く——市場を上回るものもあれば、下回るものも多いです。\nコストと売買回転が重要な理由\n手数料は不利に複利で効きます。信託報酬1.5%と0.1%の差は毎年約1.4%を失うことに相当し、数十年では成長の大きな部分を食います。売買回転が高いと取引コストが増え、NISA外では課税イベントも生じます。アクティブ投信は平均すればコスト前で市場並みを保有するため、高い手数料を差し引くと長期で多くが指数を下回ります。\nこれはアクティブ運用が決して機能しないという主張ではありません（指数を上回る投信もあります）。ただし事前に見分けるのは難しく、コストの重しは確実な逆風です。核となる保有には、透明で低コストのインデックス投信が、より単純で安価な基本形です。\nアクティブが妥当な場面——コアとサテライト\nアクティブな選択は、意図的で限定的な「サテライト」としては妥当です——指数が捉えない露出や、理解して望む戦略などです。規律は、ポートフォリオの大半を低コストのインデックス「コア」に置き、アクティブや個別株の部分を、失敗しても吸収できる規模に抑えることです。\n初心者が最も陥る誤りは逆で、昨年のリターンで投信を選び、重複した高コストのアクティブ商品の寄せ集めになることです。まずコアを決め、それ以外は意図的な例外として扱いましょう。","url":"/ja/investing/active-vs-passive-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:currency-risk-yen:ja","entityId":"guide:currency-risk-yen","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"円と為替リスク","plainText":"円で保有する外貨資産は「資産価格」と「円相場」の両方で動きます。円安は外貨資産の円価値を押し上げ、円高は押し下げます。全世界型の投信は市場リスクに加えて為替リスクを負います。\n外貨資産が「価格」と「為替」の両方で円ベースの価値を変える仕組みと、円安・円高がリターンをどう変えるか。\n外貨資産の円リターン＝資産価格の変化と為替変動の組み合わせ。\n円安は為替ヘッジなし外貨資産の円価値を上げ、円高は下げます。\n円建てで上場するETFでも、原資産は外貨建ての露出を持ち得ます。\n通貨分散は（円だけに偏らない）長所でもあり、リスクだけではありません。\n両替の為替スプレッドやヘッジなし投信のコストは、確認すべき実在の継続費用です。\n外貨資産を動かす2つの力\n円ベースの投資家が外貨資産（例：米国株式投信）を持つと、円価値は2つで決まります。資産が自国通貨でどう動くか、そして円がその通貨に対しどう動くかです。両者は同方向にも相殺方向にも働きます。米国投信がドルで上昇しても、円高が円ベースの利益を打ち消すこともあれば、円安がドルの利益に上乗せすることもあります。\nだから「ヘッジなし」の全世界型投信は、外貨資産に加えて為替変動の露出を与える、と説明されます。欠点ではなく、購入前に理解すべき「もう一つのリターンとリスクの源泉」です。\n円安・円高のシナリオ\n円換算で100万円相当の外貨資産を考えます。資産価格が横ばいでも、円がその通貨に対し10%安くなれば円価値は約110万円へ、10%高くなれば約90万円へ——資産自体は動いていません。ここ数年は顕著な円安がヘッジなし外貨投信の円リターンを押し上げましたが、将来反転すれば逆に働きます。\n微妙だがよくある混同：日本の取引所で円で売買される投信・ETFでも、その裏では外貨建て資産を保有し得ます。取引通貨と、原資産の経済的な通貨露出は別物です。どう建値されるかではなく、実際に何を保有しているかを確認しましょう。\n為替露出とコストの管理\n選択肢があります。ヘッジなしの全世界資産は通貨分散をもたらし、多くの長期の株式投資家は、資産を円だけに縛られないよう意図的に保持します。為替ヘッジ付き投信は為替変動を抑えますが、コストが増えます。将来の支出に通貨を合わせる人もいます。円で退職・支出するなら、円寄りや部分ヘッジで不一致を減らせます。\nどれを選んでもコストを数えます。円から外貨への両替には為替スプレッドがかかり、ヘッジなし投信は為替変動をそのまま通します。「手数料無料」＝「コスト0」と決めつける前に、各社の両替条件と投信のヘッジ方針を比較しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/currency-risk-yen","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"円で保有する外貨資産は「資産価格」と「円相場」の両方で動きます。円安は外貨資産の円価値を押し上げ、円高は押し下げます。全世界型の投信は市場リスクに加えて為替リスクを負います。\n外貨資産が「価格」と「為替」の両方で円ベースの価値を変える仕組みと、円安・円高がリターンをどう変えるか。\n外貨資産の円リターン＝資産価格の変化と為替変動の組み合わせ。\n円安は為替ヘッジなし外貨資産の円価値を上げ、円高は下げます。\n円建てで上場するETFでも、原資産は外貨建ての露出を持ち得ます。\n通貨分散は（円だけに偏らない）長所でもあり、リスクだけではありません。\n両替の為替スプレッドやヘッジなし投信のコストは、確認すべき実在の継続費用です。\n外貨資産を動かす2つの力\n円ベースの投資家が外貨資産（例：米国株式投信）を持つと、円価値は2つで決まります。資産が自国通貨でどう動くか、そして円がその通貨に対しどう動くかです。両者は同方向にも相殺方向にも働きます。米国投信がドルで上昇しても、円高が円ベースの利益を打ち消すこともあれば、円安がドルの利益に上乗せすることもあります。\nだから「ヘッジなし」の全世界型投信は、外貨資産に加えて為替変動の露出を与える、と説明されます。欠点ではなく、購入前に理解すべき「もう一つのリターンとリスクの源泉」です。\n円安・円高のシナリオ\n円換算で100万円相当の外貨資産を考えます。資産価格が横ばいでも、円がその通貨に対し10%安くなれば円価値は約110万円へ、10%高くなれば約90万円へ——資産自体は動いていません。ここ数年は顕著な円安がヘッジなし外貨投信の円リターンを押し上げましたが、将来反転すれば逆に働きます。\n微妙だがよくある混同：日本の取引所で円で売買される投信・ETFでも、その裏では外貨建て資産を保有し得ます。取引通貨と、原資産の経済的な通貨露出は別物です。どう建値されるかではなく、実際に何を保有しているかを確認しましょう。\n為替露出とコストの管理\n選択肢があります。ヘッジなしの全世界資産は通貨分散をもたらし、多くの長期の株式投資家は、資産を円だけに縛られないよう意図的に保持します。為替ヘッジ付き投信は為替変動を抑えますが、コストが増えます。将来の支出に通貨を合わせる人もいます。円で退職・支出するなら、円寄りや部分ヘッジで不一致を減らせます。\nどれを選んでもコストを数えます。円から外貨への両替には為替スプレッドがかかり、ヘッジなし投信は為替変動をそのまま通します。「手数料無料」＝「コスト0」と決めつける前に、各社の両替条件と投信のヘッジ方針を比較しましょう。","url":"/ja/investing/currency-risk-yen","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:currency-hedged-vs-unhedged:ja","entityId":"guide:currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"為替ヘッジあり・なしの投信","plainText":"ヘッジ付き投信はデリバティブで為替変動を抑えますが、金利差に連動したコストがかかります。ヘッジは、変動の小さい外国債券には有利なことが多い一方、長期の株式では多くの投資家が通貨分散を保ちます。\n為替ヘッジの仕組みとコスト、そしてヘッジが長期の株式より外国債券に向くことが多い理由。\nヘッジは為替変動を取り除き、リターンが円ベースで資産に沿うようにします。\nヘッジは無料ではなく、コストは主に金利差と実装に依存します。\n外国債券は為替変動がリターンを左右し得るため、ヘッジが妥当なことが多いです。\n長期の株式では、あえてヘッジなしの通貨分散を保つ投資家もいます。\n投信名と方針をよく読む——ヘッジあり・なしが同じブランド名で併存します。\nヘッジの仕組み\nヘッジなしの外貨投信は「資産＋為替」を与えます。為替ヘッジ付き投信は、為替予約などで為替変動の大半を相殺し、円リターンが自国通貨での資産成績により近づくようにします。ヘッジは完全ではなく恒久的でもなく、定期的にロールされます。\n重要な点として、ヘッジのコストは固定の手数料ではありません。円と外貨の金利差に大きく依存し、外貨の短期金利が日本より大幅に高いと、その通貨のヘッジは高くつく傾向があります。このコストは信託報酬とは別に上乗せされます。\n債券と株式\nヘッジの根拠は、為替変動が資産自体のリターンを上回り得る場面で最も強くなります。外国債券は典型例で、期待リターンが控えめなため、大きな為替変動が結果を左右し得ます。外国債券を持つ理由が「円での安定」なら、ヘッジなしは目的に反することがあり、ヘッジ付きのほうが目的に沿いやすいです。\n数十年保有する株式では様相が異なります。株式のリターンは大きく変動も大きいため、通貨は総リスクに占める割合が小さく、多くの長期投資家はあえてヘッジなしの外貨を分散として保ちます——生涯で円自体が弱くなることへの備えです。どちらの選択も普遍的な正解ではありません。\n投信のヘッジ方針を読む\n多くの投信シリーズは、ほぼ同名で「為替ヘッジあり」と「為替ヘッジなし」の両版を提供します。購入前に、どちらを保有するか確認し、目論見書のヘッジ方針を読み、ヘッジ比率やコストが変わり得る点に留意します。\n簡単な円リターンの例：外国債券が自国通貨で3%、円が5%安なら、ヘッジなしの円リターンは概ね8%、ヘッジ版は約3%−ヘッジコストを目指します。逆に円が5%高なら、ヘッジなしは概ね−2%、ヘッジ版は依然約3%−コストを狙います。同じ資産でも円ベースの結果は大きく異なります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:currency-risk-yen","guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:active-vs-passive-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"ヘッジ付き投信はデリバティブで為替変動を抑えますが、金利差に連動したコストがかかります。ヘッジは、変動の小さい外国債券には有利なことが多い一方、長期の株式では多くの投資家が通貨分散を保ちます。\n為替ヘッジの仕組みとコスト、そしてヘッジが長期の株式より外国債券に向くことが多い理由。\nヘッジは為替変動を取り除き、リターンが円ベースで資産に沿うようにします。\nヘッジは無料ではなく、コストは主に金利差と実装に依存します。\n外国債券は為替変動がリターンを左右し得るため、ヘッジが妥当なことが多いです。\n長期の株式では、あえてヘッジなしの通貨分散を保つ投資家もいます。\n投信名と方針をよく読む——ヘッジあり・なしが同じブランド名で併存します。\nヘッジの仕組み\nヘッジなしの外貨投信は「資産＋為替」を与えます。為替ヘッジ付き投信は、為替予約などで為替変動の大半を相殺し、円リターンが自国通貨での資産成績により近づくようにします。ヘッジは完全ではなく恒久的でもなく、定期的にロールされます。\n重要な点として、ヘッジのコストは固定の手数料ではありません。円と外貨の金利差に大きく依存し、外貨の短期金利が日本より大幅に高いと、その通貨のヘッジは高くつく傾向があります。このコストは信託報酬とは別に上乗せされます。\n債券と株式\nヘッジの根拠は、為替変動が資産自体のリターンを上回り得る場面で最も強くなります。外国債券は典型例で、期待リターンが控えめなため、大きな為替変動が結果を左右し得ます。外国債券を持つ理由が「円での安定」なら、ヘッジなしは目的に反することがあり、ヘッジ付きのほうが目的に沿いやすいです。\n数十年保有する株式では様相が異なります。株式のリターンは大きく変動も大きいため、通貨は総リスクに占める割合が小さく、多くの長期投資家はあえてヘッジなしの外貨を分散として保ちます——生涯で円自体が弱くなることへの備えです。どちらの選択も普遍的な正解ではありません。\n投信のヘッジ方針を読む\n多くの投信シリーズは、ほぼ同名で「為替ヘッジあり」と「為替ヘッジなし」の両版を提供します。購入前に、どちらを保有するか確認し、目論見書のヘッジ方針を読み、ヘッジ比率やコストが変わり得る点に留意します。\n簡単な円リターンの例：外国債券が自国通貨で3%、円が5%安なら、ヘッジなしの円リターンは概ね8%、ヘッジ版は約3%−ヘッジコストを目指します。逆に円が5%高なら、ヘッジなしは概ね−2%、ヘッジ版は依然約3%−コストを狙います。同じ資産でも円ベースの結果は大きく異なります。","url":"/ja/investing/currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared:ja","entityId":"guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の投資口座を比較する","plainText":"NISAは対象の利益を日本の課税から守り、課税の「特定」「一般」口座はそれ以外を異なる申告方法で保有します。iDeCoや企業年金は税優遇と引き換えに老後まで資金を固定します。これらの多くは同時に保有できます。\nNISA、特定・一般の課税口座、iDeCo、企業年金、預金、個人向け国債と、それらの組み合わせ方。\nNISA：対象の利益が非課税、年360万円・生涯1,800万円——最初に使う口座になりがち。\n特定口座（源泉徴収あり）：証券会社が計算・源泉徴収し、多くは申告不要。\n特定口座（源泉徴収なし）／一般口座：自分で申告し、記録の負担が増えます。\niDeCo：掛金は原則所得控除だが、老後まで引き出せません。\nNISAは課税口座・iDeCo・企業年金・預金・個人向け国債と併用できます。\nNISAと課税口座\nNISAは非課税の「入れ物」で、対象の利益・配当・分配金が日本の課税を免れます。年間つみたて枠120万円＋成長投資枠240万円、生涯の取得価額上限1,800万円です。トレードオフとして、NISAの損失は課税利益と通算できず繰越もできません。商品も限定されます。\n課税口座は3種類です。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は証券会社が損益を計算し源泉徴収するため、多くは申告不要です。源泉徴収なしは年間報告書が出ますが通常は自分で申告します。一般口座は取得価額と課税所得を自分で計算する必要があり、記録の負担が最も大きく、特定口座で扱えない資産に使います。\niDeCo・企業年金・預金\niDeCoは私的な確定拠出年金で、掛金は原則全額所得控除、運用益は課税繰延、受取時に退職・年金控除が適用され得ますが、原則受給年齢まで固定され、最低拠出は通常月5,000円、上限は雇用形態や企業年金の加入状況で変わります。企業型DCや確定給付年金は、会社の拠出と給与連携が加わる一方、商品は会社が選び引き出しに制限があります（2026年12月からの改正で一部のiDeCo上限が拡大——加入時に最新値を確認）。\nこれらの傍らに現金系の手段があります。普通・定期預金（1行あたり元本1,000万円まで保護）、個人向け国債（政府保証・最低1万円・毎月発行・途中換金調整）、海外証券口座やロボアドバイザーです。それぞれ役割があり、いずれも生活防衛資金の代わりにはなりません。\nどの口座を組み合わせられるか\n多くは併用できます。よくある構成は、生活防衛資金を預金に、柔軟な非課税成長のためまずNISA、掛金控除が有利で固定を許容できるならiDeCo、そしてNISA枠超過・対象外資産・損失を活かす戦略・アクティブ取引のための課税の特定口座、です。NISA自体は対象となる日本の金融機関1社で保有します。\n「資産の置き場所」で考えます。長期で成長を見込む資産は非課税枠を有効活用するためNISAへ、超過分・対象外・損失通算を使うポジションは、損益通算が可能な課税口座へ置きます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investment-accounts-japan-compared","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:saving-vs-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1476.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"財務省","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/jgbs/individual/kojinmuke/","official":true},{"publisher":"預金保険機構","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"NISAは対象の利益を日本の課税から守り、課税の「特定」「一般」口座はそれ以外を異なる申告方法で保有します。iDeCoや企業年金は税優遇と引き換えに老後まで資金を固定します。これらの多くは同時に保有できます。\nNISA、特定・一般の課税口座、iDeCo、企業年金、預金、個人向け国債と、それらの組み合わせ方。\nNISA：対象の利益が非課税、年360万円・生涯1,800万円——最初に使う口座になりがち。\n特定口座（源泉徴収あり）：証券会社が計算・源泉徴収し、多くは申告不要。\n特定口座（源泉徴収なし）／一般口座：自分で申告し、記録の負担が増えます。\niDeCo：掛金は原則所得控除だが、老後まで引き出せません。\nNISAは課税口座・iDeCo・企業年金・預金・個人向け国債と併用できます。\nNISAと課税口座\nNISAは非課税の「入れ物」で、対象の利益・配当・分配金が日本の課税を免れます。年間つみたて枠120万円＋成長投資枠240万円、生涯の取得価額上限1,800万円です。トレードオフとして、NISAの損失は課税利益と通算できず繰越もできません。商品も限定されます。\n課税口座は3種類です。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は証券会社が損益を計算し源泉徴収するため、多くは申告不要です。源泉徴収なしは年間報告書が出ますが通常は自分で申告します。一般口座は取得価額と課税所得を自分で計算する必要があり、記録の負担が最も大きく、特定口座で扱えない資産に使います。\niDeCo・企業年金・預金\niDeCoは私的な確定拠出年金で、掛金は原則全額所得控除、運用益は課税繰延、受取時に退職・年金控除が適用され得ますが、原則受給年齢まで固定され、最低拠出は通常月5,000円、上限は雇用形態や企業年金の加入状況で変わります。企業型DCや確定給付年金は、会社の拠出と給与連携が加わる一方、商品は会社が選び引き出しに制限があります（2026年12月からの改正で一部のiDeCo上限が拡大——加入時に最新値を確認）。\nこれらの傍らに現金系の手段があります。普通・定期預金（1行あたり元本1,000万円まで保護）、個人向け国債（政府保証・最低1万円・毎月発行・途中換金調整）、海外証券口座やロボアドバイザーです。それぞれ役割があり、いずれも生活防衛資金の代わりにはなりません。\nどの口座を組み合わせられるか\n多くは併用できます。よくある構成は、生活防衛資金を預金に、柔軟な非課税成長のためまずNISA、掛金控除が有利で固定を許容できるならiDeCo、そしてNISA枠超過・対象外資産・損失を活かす戦略・アクティブ取引のための課税の特定口座、です。NISA自体は対象となる日本の金融機関1社で保有します。\n「資産の置き場所」で考えます。長期で成長を見込む資産は非課税枠を有効活用するためNISAへ、超過分・対象外・損失通算を使うポジションは、損益通算が可能な課税口座へ置きます。","url":"/ja/investing/investment-accounts-japan-compared","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-investments-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の投資にかかる税金","plainText":"課税口座では上場証券の利益と対象配当は通常20.315%課税されます。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は自動精算し、損失は利益と通算し3年間繰り越せます。NISAは対象の利益を全額非課税にします。\n利益・配当への20.315%課税、特定口座の仕組み、損失の繰越、NISAの非課税、外国所得の扱い。\n上場証券の利益と対象配当は、通常20.315%課税されます。\n特定口座（源泉徴収あり）なら、その取引について通常は申告不要です。\n課税口座の損失は対象の利益・配当と通算でき、申告すれば3年繰越可能です。\nNISAは対象の利益・配当を非課税にしますが、NISAの損失は控除に使えません。\n外国配当はNISA内でも源泉地国の課税があり得ます。外国税額控除は申告が必要です。\n税率と口座ごとの扱い\n課税の証券口座では、上場株式・投信の利益と対象配当は通常20.315%（所得税・復興特別所得税・住民税の合計）で課税されます。納め方は口座で決まります。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は証券会社が源泉で計算・徴収するため、その取引は多くの場合申告不要です。源泉徴収なしは年間取引報告書で申告します。一般口座は取得価額と利益を自分で計算します。\nNISAはこの外にあり、対象の利益・配当・分配金は20.315%の日本の課税を免れます。これが制度の中心的な利点です。\n損失・通算・繰越\n課税口座では、対象の上場証券の損失を、対象の利益・配当と通算でき、必要な確定申告をすれば、将来の利益と相殺するため最大3年繰り越せます。この損失救済は、NISAにはない課税口座の実質的な利点です。NISA内で実現した損失は控除に使えず繰越もできないため、NISAで損失を活かした節税（タックスロスハーベスティング）はできません。\n複数の証券会社や一般口座を使う場合、取得価額の記録を自分で残すことが重要です。通算と繰越は、口座をまたいだ正確な申告値に依存するためです。\n外国所得と申告が必要な場面\n外国の配当・利益は、NISA外では日本の課税に加えて源泉地国の課税があり得ます。例えば米国配当はNISA内でも米国の源泉徴収があり得ます——NISAは日本の税を消しますが、外国の税は消しません。外国税額控除で二重課税の一部を和らげられますが、通常は日本での確定申告が必要です。源泉徴収口座は、外国や越境の義務を自動的には解決しません。\n対象のNISA利益は申告不要でも、他の所得・外国の義務・損失通算の希望があれば申告が必要になり得ます。申告した投資所得は、場合により社会保険や扶養の計算に影響します。年間取引報告書と配当明細を保管し、越境税務が絡む場合は個別に専門家へ相談してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/taxes-on-investments-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:what-is-nisa","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:compound-growth"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1474.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1476.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"課税口座では上場証券の利益と対象配当は通常20.315%課税されます。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は自動精算し、損失は利益と通算し3年間繰り越せます。NISAは対象の利益を全額非課税にします。\n利益・配当への20.315%課税、特定口座の仕組み、損失の繰越、NISAの非課税、外国所得の扱い。\n上場証券の利益と対象配当は、通常20.315%課税されます。\n特定口座（源泉徴収あり）なら、その取引について通常は申告不要です。\n課税口座の損失は対象の利益・配当と通算でき、申告すれば3年繰越可能です。\nNISAは対象の利益・配当を非課税にしますが、NISAの損失は控除に使えません。\n外国配当はNISA内でも源泉地国の課税があり得ます。外国税額控除は申告が必要です。\n税率と口座ごとの扱い\n課税の証券口座では、上場株式・投信の利益と対象配当は通常20.315%（所得税・復興特別所得税・住民税の合計）で課税されます。納め方は口座で決まります。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は証券会社が源泉で計算・徴収するため、その取引は多くの場合申告不要です。源泉徴収なしは年間取引報告書で申告します。一般口座は取得価額と利益を自分で計算します。\nNISAはこの外にあり、対象の利益・配当・分配金は20.315%の日本の課税を免れます。これが制度の中心的な利点です。\n損失・通算・繰越\n課税口座では、対象の上場証券の損失を、対象の利益・配当と通算でき、必要な確定申告をすれば、将来の利益と相殺するため最大3年繰り越せます。この損失救済は、NISAにはない課税口座の実質的な利点です。NISA内で実現した損失は控除に使えず繰越もできないため、NISAで損失を活かした節税（タックスロスハーベスティング）はできません。\n複数の証券会社や一般口座を使う場合、取得価額の記録を自分で残すことが重要です。通算と繰越は、口座をまたいだ正確な申告値に依存するためです。\n外国所得と申告が必要な場面\n外国の配当・利益は、NISA外では日本の課税に加えて源泉地国の課税があり得ます。例えば米国配当はNISA内でも米国の源泉徴収があり得ます——NISAは日本の税を消しますが、外国の税は消しません。外国税額控除で二重課税の一部を和らげられますが、通常は日本での確定申告が必要です。源泉徴収口座は、外国や越境の義務を自動的には解決しません。\n対象のNISA利益は申告不要でも、他の所得・外国の義務・損失通算の希望があれば申告が必要になり得ます。申告した投資所得は、場合により社会保険や扶養の計算に影響します。年間取引報告書と配当明細を保管し、越境税務が絡む場合は個別に専門家へ相談してください。","url":"/ja/investing/taxes-on-investments-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-as-foreign-resident:ja","entityId":"guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者として日本で投資する","plainText":"日本に居住する外国籍の人は、通常、証券口座とNISAを開設できます——資格は国籍ではなく在留に基づきます——ただし各社の書類・在留資格・商品方針に従います。日本での資格は母国での申告義務の代わりにはなりません。\n在留と国籍の違い、証券口座・NISAの開設、必要書類、氏名の一致、言語、出国、母国での義務。\nNISAの資格は在留基準：要件を満たす日本居住者は国籍を問わず開設できます。\n通常、在留カード・マイナンバー・氏名が一致する日本の銀行口座が必要です。\nローマ字・カタカナ・書類上の氏名を一致させ、却下や連携失敗を防ぎます。\n必要な各段階（開設・取引・税書類・トラブル・出国）で英語対応を確認します。\n出国前に各社の出国手続を書面で入手。NISAは通常、海外では継続できません。\n国籍ではなく在留\nNISAや日本の証券口座の資格は、日本国籍ではなく「居住者であること」で決まります。要件を満たす在日外国籍の人は、各社の本人確認・在留資格・在留カード・税務上の居住地・制裁・商品方針に従い、課税口座とNISAを開設できます。二重国籍だけでは失格になりませんが、別の国が所得課税や報告を求めることはあります。\n各社の方針は税法より厳しいことがあります。在留カードで完全オンライン完結の会社もあれば、外国籍には郵送手続を要する会社もあります。特定の国籍・制裁対象国との関係・重要な公的地位（PEP）は、強化審査や却下の要因となり、これらの一覧が完全に公表されることはまれです。\n開設：書類と氏名の一致\n一般的な要件は、日本の居住地住所、本人確認書類（マイナンバーカード・在留カード・運転免許証・パスポートの認められた組み合わせ）、マイナンバー、日本および外国の税務上の居住地の申告、本人名義の日本の銀行口座との連携、雇用・インサイダー・資金源の情報です。\n実務で最も多い失敗は氏名の不一致です。ローマ字氏名・カタカナ表記・銀行記録・カード・在留カードを一致させます。ミドルネーム・省略形・順序の違いが、却下や銀行連携の失敗を招きます。在留カードの残存有効期間も確認します。短いと開設が遅れる・できないことがあります。\n言語・出国・母国の税\n必要な段階——開設・取引・税書類・セキュリティ事故・出国——で英語対応を、宣伝ページだけでなく確認します。調査で確認できた中では、インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券が一貫した英語対応が最も確実です。日本の証券会社のブラウザ翻訳は技術的には使えても、法的に有効な書類やサポートは日本語のままのことがあります。\n出国前に各社の出国手続を書面で入手します。NISAは、事前申告した特定の一時出国の場合を除き、非居住者になると通常継続できません。課税口座さえ、会社と渡航先によって維持可否が分かれます。最後に、日本での資格は母国の申告義務の代わりにならない点を忘れずに——国籍課税・租税条約・外国資産報告が別の国で適用され得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investing-as-foreign-resident","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:what-is-nisa","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"日本に居住する外国籍の人は、通常、証券口座とNISAを開設できます——資格は国籍ではなく在留に基づきます——ただし各社の書類・在留資格・商品方針に従います。日本での資格は母国での申告義務の代わりにはなりません。\n在留と国籍の違い、証券口座・NISAの開設、必要書類、氏名の一致、言語、出国、母国での義務。\nNISAの資格は在留基準：要件を満たす日本居住者は国籍を問わず開設できます。\n通常、在留カード・マイナンバー・氏名が一致する日本の銀行口座が必要です。\nローマ字・カタカナ・書類上の氏名を一致させ、却下や連携失敗を防ぎます。\n必要な各段階（開設・取引・税書類・トラブル・出国）で英語対応を確認します。\n出国前に各社の出国手続を書面で入手。NISAは通常、海外では継続できません。\n国籍ではなく在留\nNISAや日本の証券口座の資格は、日本国籍ではなく「居住者であること」で決まります。要件を満たす在日外国籍の人は、各社の本人確認・在留資格・在留カード・税務上の居住地・制裁・商品方針に従い、課税口座とNISAを開設できます。二重国籍だけでは失格になりませんが、別の国が所得課税や報告を求めることはあります。\n各社の方針は税法より厳しいことがあります。在留カードで完全オンライン完結の会社もあれば、外国籍には郵送手続を要する会社もあります。特定の国籍・制裁対象国との関係・重要な公的地位（PEP）は、強化審査や却下の要因となり、これらの一覧が完全に公表されることはまれです。\n開設：書類と氏名の一致\n一般的な要件は、日本の居住地住所、本人確認書類（マイナンバーカード・在留カード・運転免許証・パスポートの認められた組み合わせ）、マイナンバー、日本および外国の税務上の居住地の申告、本人名義の日本の銀行口座との連携、雇用・インサイダー・資金源の情報です。\n実務で最も多い失敗は氏名の不一致です。ローマ字氏名・カタカナ表記・銀行記録・カード・在留カードを一致させます。ミドルネーム・省略形・順序の違いが、却下や銀行連携の失敗を招きます。在留カードの残存有効期間も確認します。短いと開設が遅れる・できないことがあります。\n言語・出国・母国の税\n必要な段階——開設・取引・税書類・セキュリティ事故・出国——で英語対応を、宣伝ページだけでなく確認します。調査で確認できた中では、インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券が一貫した英語対応が最も確実です。日本の証券会社のブラウザ翻訳は技術的には使えても、法的に有効な書類やサポートは日本語のままのことがあります。\n出国前に各社の出国手続を書面で入手します。NISAは、事前申告した特定の一時出国の場合を除き、非居住者になると通常継続できません。課税口座さえ、会社と渡航先によって維持可否が分かれます。最後に、日本での資格は母国の申告義務の代わりにならない点を忘れずに——国籍課税・租税条約・外国資産報告が別の国で適用され得ます。","url":"/ja/investing/investing-as-foreign-resident","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"米国市民・納税者として日本で投資する","plainText":"米国市民・居住外国人は全世界所得に課税されるためNISAは米国では非課税にならず、人気の日本の投信は懲罰的なPFIC規則とForm 8621を招き得ます。NISAや証券口座はFBARやForm 8938の報告対象にもなり得ます。日本の投信を買う前に越境の助言を受けてください。\nNISAが米国では非課税でない理由、日本の投信のPFIC問題、FBARとForm 8938、そして実務的な進め方。\n米国は市民・グリーンカード保有者に、在日中でも全世界所得課税します。\nNISAは日本の法定非課税で、米国税法の規定ではありません——米国での自動非課税はありません。\n日本の投信はPFICになり得て、ファンドごとのForm 8621や懲罰的課税を招き得ます。\nFBARは外国口座合計が1万米ドル超で必要。Form 8938は別で独自の基準があります。\n多くの米国関係者は米国籍ETFのほうが単純と考えますが、個別助言の後で判断すべきです。\n全世界課税とNISA\n米国市民・居住外国人は、在日中でも通常、全世界所得を米国に申告します。NISAは日本の法定非課税であって米国内国歳入法の規定ではないため、NISA内の配当・利益・分配金も米国では申告・課税対象になり得ます。米国の報告は引き出しの有無に関わらず適用され得て、外国稼得所得控除は通常、稼得所得を対象とし、通常の投資所得は対象外です。\nこれはNISAが米国関係者にとって無価値という意味ではありません——日本の税は消せます——が、米国での扱いは中に何を保有するかに大きく依存し、そこから本当の複雑さが始まります。\n日本の投信のPFIC問題\n日本籍の投信は、主に受動的所得を稼ぐ・受動的資産を保有する外国法人であるため、PFIC（受動的外国投資会社）になり得ます。米国株主はそのファンドごとにForm 8621が必要になり得て、懲罰的な「超過分配」課税や複雑な選択（elections）が適用され得ます。すべての外国投資がPFICではなく——事業会社の株式は通常該当しません——が、人気の日本のインデックス投信は「安全」と決めつけず「要分析」と考えるべきです。\n日本上場のETFにも一律の答えはなく、多くの非米国ファンドはPFIC分析を要します。実務上の帰結として、低コストの日本の投信を買うという初心者の定番が、助言のない米国関係者にとってはまさに誤った最初の一歩になり得ます。\nFBAR・Form 8938・進め方\n通常2つの報告制度が関わります。FBAR（FinCEN Report 114）は、年間のいずれかの時点で米国人の外国金融口座の合計が1万米ドルを超える場合に必要で、NISAを含む日本の銀行・証券・一部のファンド口座が対象になり得ます。Form 8938は別のFATCA申告で、基準と定義が異なります——一方を出しても他方の代わりにはならず、提出自体が納税を意味するわけでもありません。\n実務的な米国関係者の順序：(1) その証券会社が米国人を受け入れるか確認（楽天など、米国人の外国株取引を制限する会社があります）、(2) PFICの扱いを確認するまで日本の投信を買わない、(3) 認められる米国籍ETFや個別証券のほうが単純で適切か検討、(4) 日本の税・米国の税・外国税額控除・源泉徴収・FBAR・Form 8938・遺産税・州の居住地を確認、(5) 明細を円と米ドルの両方で保管。最も安全な最初の一歩は、何かを買う前に越境の商品・報告レビューを行うことです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/us-taxpayers-investing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:what-is-nisa","guide:currency-risk-yen"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-8621","official":true},{"publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations/do-i-need-to-file-form-8938-statement-of-specified-foreign-financial-assets","official":true},{"publisher":"米国金融犯罪取締ネットワーク（FinCEN）","url":"https://www.fincen.gov/report-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"米国市民・居住外国人は全世界所得に課税されるためNISAは米国では非課税にならず、人気の日本の投信は懲罰的なPFIC規則とForm 8621を招き得ます。NISAや証券口座はFBARやForm 8938の報告対象にもなり得ます。日本の投信を買う前に越境の助言を受けてください。\nNISAが米国では非課税でない理由、日本の投信のPFIC問題、FBARとForm 8938、そして実務的な進め方。\n米国は市民・グリーンカード保有者に、在日中でも全世界所得課税します。\nNISAは日本の法定非課税で、米国税法の規定ではありません——米国での自動非課税はありません。\n日本の投信はPFICになり得て、ファンドごとのForm 8621や懲罰的課税を招き得ます。\nFBARは外国口座合計が1万米ドル超で必要。Form 8938は別で独自の基準があります。\n多くの米国関係者は米国籍ETFのほうが単純と考えますが、個別助言の後で判断すべきです。\n全世界課税とNISA\n米国市民・居住外国人は、在日中でも通常、全世界所得を米国に申告します。NISAは日本の法定非課税であって米国内国歳入法の規定ではないため、NISA内の配当・利益・分配金も米国では申告・課税対象になり得ます。米国の報告は引き出しの有無に関わらず適用され得て、外国稼得所得控除は通常、稼得所得を対象とし、通常の投資所得は対象外です。\nこれはNISAが米国関係者にとって無価値という意味ではありません——日本の税は消せます——が、米国での扱いは中に何を保有するかに大きく依存し、そこから本当の複雑さが始まります。\n日本の投信のPFIC問題\n日本籍の投信は、主に受動的所得を稼ぐ・受動的資産を保有する外国法人であるため、PFIC（受動的外国投資会社）になり得ます。米国株主はそのファンドごとにForm 8621が必要になり得て、懲罰的な「超過分配」課税や複雑な選択（elections）が適用され得ます。すべての外国投資がPFICではなく——事業会社の株式は通常該当しません——が、人気の日本のインデックス投信は「安全」と決めつけず「要分析」と考えるべきです。\n日本上場のETFにも一律の答えはなく、多くの非米国ファンドはPFIC分析を要します。実務上の帰結として、低コストの日本の投信を買うという初心者の定番が、助言のない米国関係者にとってはまさに誤った最初の一歩になり得ます。\nFBAR・Form 8938・進め方\n通常2つの報告制度が関わります。FBAR（FinCEN Report 114）は、年間のいずれかの時点で米国人の外国金融口座の合計が1万米ドルを超える場合に必要で、NISAを含む日本の銀行・証券・一部のファンド口座が対象になり得ます。Form 8938は別のFATCA申告で、基準と定義が異なります——一方を出しても他方の代わりにはならず、提出自体が納税を意味するわけでもありません。\n実務的な米国関係者の順序：(1) その証券会社が米国人を受け入れるか確認（楽天など、米国人の外国株取引を制限する会社があります）、(2) PFICの扱いを確認するまで日本の投信を買わない、(3) 認められる米国籍ETFや個別証券のほうが単純で適切か検討、(4) 日本の税・米国の税・外国税額控除・源泉徴収・FBAR・Form 8938・遺産税・州の居住地を確認、(5) 明細を円と米ドルの両方で保管。最も安全な最初の一歩は、何かを買う前に越境の商品・報告レビューを行うことです。","url":"/ja/investing/us-taxpayers-investing-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-complete-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-complete-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISA完全ガイド","plainText":"NISAは日本の非課税の「入れ物」で、商品でも保証でもありません。対象の利益・配当を日本の課税から外し、年つみたて枠120万円＋成長投資枠240万円、生涯の取得価額上限1,800万円です。\nNISAとは何か・何でないか、資格、2つの枠、上限、対象商品、税務、売却と再利用、配当、出国まで。\nNISAは投資そのものではなく非課税の入れ物。中の商品でリスクが決まります。\n1月1日時点で18歳以上の日本居住者は、その年に1社でNISAを使えます。\n年間：つみたて120万＋成長240万（合計360万）。生涯：取得価額1,800万（成長枠1,200万まで）。\n対象の利益・配当は無期限で非課税。NISAの損失は控除も繰越もできません。\n売却すると翌年から生涯枠が取得価額で復活——ただしその年に使った年間枠は戻りません。\nNISAとは何か・何でないか\nNISA（少額投資非課税制度）は、金融庁の規則に基づく法定の非課税の入れ物です。投資商品でも預金でも収益保証でもなく、中の投資は損失を出し得ます。唯一の利点は、対象の利益・配当・分配金が通常の20.315%課税を免れ、非課税期間が無期限である点です。\n資格は在留基準で、口座年の1月1日に18歳以上の日本居住者（または恒久的施設のある適格居住者）が開設できます。新規買付ができるNISA金融機関はその年1社のみですが、原則年単位で変更できます。\n2つの枠と上限\nNISAには併用できる2つの枠があります。つみたて投資枠は年120万円までで、FSAのリストにある長期・分散型の投信と対象ETFに限られます。成長投資枠は年240万円までで、対象の上場株式・REIT・ETF・投信など幅広い対象です。合計の年間上限は360万円です。\n生涯上限は取得価額で1,800万円、うち成長投資枠は1,200万円までです。重要なのは、枠の使用が「支払額（取得価額）」で測られ、時価ではない点です。100万円で買い160万円に値上がりしても、生涯枠の使用は100万円のままです。使わなかった年間枠は繰り越せません。\n売却・配当・出国\nNISA保有を売却すると、その取得価額は翌年から生涯枠に復活します——即時ではなく、その年に使った年間枠は戻りません。100万円で買い160万円で売れば復活は100万円（取得価額）で160万円ではありません。100万円で買い60万円で売っても復活は100万円で、40万円の損失はNISA内のため控除に使えません。\n上場株式・ETF・REITの配当を非課税にするには、通常「株式数比例配分方式」を選び、証券口座で受け取る必要があります。銀行受取や配当金領収証では、NISAでも20.315%源泉徴収され得ます。外国配当は源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。出国すると、事前申告した特定の一時出国を除き、NISAは通常継続できません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-complete-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan","faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:nisa-dividends","guide:nisa-when-not-first"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"NISAは日本の非課税の「入れ物」で、商品でも保証でもありません。対象の利益・配当を日本の課税から外し、年つみたて枠120万円＋成長投資枠240万円、生涯の取得価額上限1,800万円です。\nNISAとは何か・何でないか、資格、2つの枠、上限、対象商品、税務、売却と再利用、配当、出国まで。\nNISAは投資そのものではなく非課税の入れ物。中の商品でリスクが決まります。\n1月1日時点で18歳以上の日本居住者は、その年に1社でNISAを使えます。\n年間：つみたて120万＋成長240万（合計360万）。生涯：取得価額1,800万（成長枠1,200万まで）。\n対象の利益・配当は無期限で非課税。NISAの損失は控除も繰越もできません。\n売却すると翌年から生涯枠が取得価額で復活——ただしその年に使った年間枠は戻りません。\nNISAとは何か・何でないか\nNISA（少額投資非課税制度）は、金融庁の規則に基づく法定の非課税の入れ物です。投資商品でも預金でも収益保証でもなく、中の投資は損失を出し得ます。唯一の利点は、対象の利益・配当・分配金が通常の20.315%課税を免れ、非課税期間が無期限である点です。\n資格は在留基準で、口座年の1月1日に18歳以上の日本居住者（または恒久的施設のある適格居住者）が開設できます。新規買付ができるNISA金融機関はその年1社のみですが、原則年単位で変更できます。\n2つの枠と上限\nNISAには併用できる2つの枠があります。つみたて投資枠は年120万円までで、FSAのリストにある長期・分散型の投信と対象ETFに限られます。成長投資枠は年240万円までで、対象の上場株式・REIT・ETF・投信など幅広い対象です。合計の年間上限は360万円です。\n生涯上限は取得価額で1,800万円、うち成長投資枠は1,200万円までです。重要なのは、枠の使用が「支払額（取得価額）」で測られ、時価ではない点です。100万円で買い160万円に値上がりしても、生涯枠の使用は100万円のままです。使わなかった年間枠は繰り越せません。\n売却・配当・出国\nNISA保有を売却すると、その取得価額は翌年から生涯枠に復活します——即時ではなく、その年に使った年間枠は戻りません。100万円で買い160万円で売れば復活は100万円（取得価額）で160万円ではありません。100万円で買い60万円で売っても復活は100万円で、40万円の損失はNISA内のため控除に使えません。\n上場株式・ETF・REITの配当を非課税にするには、通常「株式数比例配分方式」を選び、証券口座で受け取る必要があります。銀行受取や配当金領収証では、NISAでも20.315%源泉徴収され得ます。外国配当は源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。出国すると、事前申告した特定の一時出国を除き、NISAは通常継続できません。","url":"/ja/investing/nisa-complete-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAの上限と枠の仕組み","plainText":"つみたて枠で年120万円、成長投資枠で年240万円（合計360万円）まで投資でき、生涯上限は取得価額で1,800万円です。よって値上がりが追加の枠を消費することはありません。\nつみたて枠と成長投資枠、年間合計上限、生涯の取得価額上限、そして値上がりが枠を消費しない理由。\nつみたて枠：FSA掲載の長期・分散型投信と対象ETFに、年120万円まで。\n成長投資枠：対象の株式・REIT・ETF・投信に、年240万円まで。\n年間合計上限は360万円。使わなかった年間枠は繰り越せません。\n生涯上限は取得価額で1,800万円、うち成長枠は1,200万円まで。\n枠は「支払額」で測るため、値上がり・値下がりは使用済みの枠を変えません。\n2つの枠\nつみたて投資枠は、着実な長期積立のための枠で、年120万円まで。対象はFSAが選定した低コスト・分散・長期の投信と対象ETFに限られます。均等に配分すると月10万円に相当しますが、ボーナス月設定で配分を変えられます。\n成長投資枠はより広く、年240万円まで。対象の上場株式・REIT・ETF・より広い投信に使えますが、監理・整理銘柄、信託期間20年未満の投信、毎月分配型、一部のデリバティブ多用型は除かれます。両枠は同年に併用でき、対象の投信は枠のどちらでも買えることがあります。\n生涯上限を埋める——5年の例\n両枠を上限まで使うと、取得価額は年360万円ずつ積み上がります。1年目360万、2年目720万、3年目1,080万、4年目1,440万、5年目1,800万で生涯枠が満杯になります。その時点の時価は1,800万円より上でも下でもあり得ますが、法定の基準は常に取得価額です。\n多くの人はここまで速くは拠出しません。要点は、生涯枠は「投資した額」で埋まり「成長後の額」では埋まらないことです。拠出の少ない年の未使用の年間枠は失われ翌年に繰り越されませんが、実際に使うまで生涯枠は影響を受けません。\n値上がりが枠を消費しない理由\n使用は取得価額で測るため、値上がりが追加の枠を食うことはありません。100万円で買った投信が160万円に成長しても、生涯枠の使用は100万円のままで、60万円の利益はすべて非課税の入れ物の中に収まります。この仕組みが、成長を見込む資産にNISAを有効にします。\n逆もまた真です。損失が、拠出額を超えて枠を空けることはありません。その100万円を60万円で売れば、翌年の復活は100万円（取得価額）で、損失は控除できません。だからNISAは成長資産に向き、損失を活かす戦略は損益通算のある課税口座に向きます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-limits-and-allowances","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:what-is-nisa"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"つみたて枠で年120万円、成長投資枠で年240万円（合計360万円）まで投資でき、生涯上限は取得価額で1,800万円です。よって値上がりが追加の枠を消費することはありません。\nつみたて枠と成長投資枠、年間合計上限、生涯の取得価額上限、そして値上がりが枠を消費しない理由。\nつみたて枠：FSA掲載の長期・分散型投信と対象ETFに、年120万円まで。\n成長投資枠：対象の株式・REIT・ETF・投信に、年240万円まで。\n年間合計上限は360万円。使わなかった年間枠は繰り越せません。\n生涯上限は取得価額で1,800万円、うち成長枠は1,200万円まで。\n枠は「支払額」で測るため、値上がり・値下がりは使用済みの枠を変えません。\n2つの枠\nつみたて投資枠は、着実な長期積立のための枠で、年120万円まで。対象はFSAが選定した低コスト・分散・長期の投信と対象ETFに限られます。均等に配分すると月10万円に相当しますが、ボーナス月設定で配分を変えられます。\n成長投資枠はより広く、年240万円まで。対象の上場株式・REIT・ETF・より広い投信に使えますが、監理・整理銘柄、信託期間20年未満の投信、毎月分配型、一部のデリバティブ多用型は除かれます。両枠は同年に併用でき、対象の投信は枠のどちらでも買えることがあります。\n生涯上限を埋める——5年の例\n両枠を上限まで使うと、取得価額は年360万円ずつ積み上がります。1年目360万、2年目720万、3年目1,080万、4年目1,440万、5年目1,800万で生涯枠が満杯になります。その時点の時価は1,800万円より上でも下でもあり得ますが、法定の基準は常に取得価額です。\n多くの人はここまで速くは拠出しません。要点は、生涯枠は「投資した額」で埋まり「成長後の額」では埋まらないことです。拠出の少ない年の未使用の年間枠は失われ翌年に繰り越されませんが、実際に使うまで生涯枠は影響を受けません。\n値上がりが枠を消費しない理由\n使用は取得価額で測るため、値上がりが追加の枠を食うことはありません。100万円で買った投信が160万円に成長しても、生涯枠の使用は100万円のままで、60万円の利益はすべて非課税の入れ物の中に収まります。この仕組みが、成長を見込む資産にNISAを有効にします。\n逆もまた真です。損失が、拠出額を超えて枠を空けることはありません。その100万円を60万円で売れば、翌年の復活は100万円（取得価額）で、損失は控除できません。だからNISAは成長資産に向き、損失を活かす戦略は損益通算のある課税口座に向きます。","url":"/ja/investing/nisa-limits-and-allowances","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-eligible-investments:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-eligible-investments","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAで買えるものは？","plainText":"つみたて枠はFSA掲載の長期・分散型投信と対象ETFに限られ、成長投資枠は対象の上場株式・REIT・ETF・投信を加えます。ただし預金・普通の債券・信用取引・一部のファンド構造は対象外です。対象はFSAリストと証券会社で正確なファンド名により確認します。\n各枠で対象となる投信・株式・ETF・REIT、除外されるもの、そして正確な対象確認の方法。\nつみたて枠：FSAが選定した長期・分散型の投信と対象ETFのみ。\n成長投資枠：対象の上場株式・REIT・ETF・より広い投信。\nNISA対象外：預金、普通の国債・社債、信用取引。\n成長枠の除外：監理・整理銘柄、信託20年未満、毎月分配型、デリバティブ多用型。\n取扱は証券会社ごと。FSAリストと各社で、正確なファンド名・区分を確認します。\nつみたて枠の対象範囲\nつみたて投資枠は、低コスト・長期・分散の投資を促すため、あえて選択肢を絞っています。対象はFSAが選定して公表したリストにある投信と対象ETFで、概ね、費用が妥当で、広く分散され、長期の構造を持つ投信です。直近のFSAの分類では、対象範囲は数百本の投信と少数の対象ETFを含み、インデックス商品の平均信託報酬は低水準でした。\nリストは適合性の観点で選ばれているため、初心者はその中から広範な全世界株式インデックス投信を1本選べば、基本的な長期基準を満たすと考えられます。ただしリストは変わるため、最新版を確認してください。\n成長投資枠と除外\n成長投資枠では、対象の個別上場株式・REIT・ETF・より広い投信を買えます。特定の日本株や（証券会社が認めれば）外国株、J-REIT、つみたてリスト外の投信を買うのはここです。\nNISAを長期投資に沿わせるため、いくつかが除外されます。監理・整理銘柄、信託期間20年未満の投信、毎月分配型、一部のデリバティブ多用型です。両枠を通じて、普通預金・国債・社債・信用取引はNISAの対象外です。\n正確な対象の確認方法\n対象は具体的で証券会社ごとに異なり得るため、思い込みは禁物です。名前が似た2商品でも対象可否が異なり、ある会社ではNISAで買えても別の会社では買えないことがあります。外国ETFは上場しているだけでNISA対象になるわけではありません。\n確認するには、正確なファンド名・区分をFSAの最新リストと照合し、選んだ証券会社が意図した枠で実際に取り扱うかを確認します。米国納税者なら、別の段階を加えます——日本での対象可否は、米国での扱い（PFIC）について何も語りません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-eligible-investments","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"つみたて枠はFSA掲載の長期・分散型投信と対象ETFに限られ、成長投資枠は対象の上場株式・REIT・ETF・投信を加えます。ただし預金・普通の債券・信用取引・一部のファンド構造は対象外です。対象はFSAリストと証券会社で正確なファンド名により確認します。\n各枠で対象となる投信・株式・ETF・REIT、除外されるもの、そして正確な対象確認の方法。\nつみたて枠：FSAが選定した長期・分散型の投信と対象ETFのみ。\n成長投資枠：対象の上場株式・REIT・ETF・より広い投信。\nNISA対象外：預金、普通の国債・社債、信用取引。\n成長枠の除外：監理・整理銘柄、信託20年未満、毎月分配型、デリバティブ多用型。\n取扱は証券会社ごと。FSAリストと各社で、正確なファンド名・区分を確認します。\nつみたて枠の対象範囲\nつみたて投資枠は、低コスト・長期・分散の投資を促すため、あえて選択肢を絞っています。対象はFSAが選定して公表したリストにある投信と対象ETFで、概ね、費用が妥当で、広く分散され、長期の構造を持つ投信です。直近のFSAの分類では、対象範囲は数百本の投信と少数の対象ETFを含み、インデックス商品の平均信託報酬は低水準でした。\nリストは適合性の観点で選ばれているため、初心者はその中から広範な全世界株式インデックス投信を1本選べば、基本的な長期基準を満たすと考えられます。ただしリストは変わるため、最新版を確認してください。\n成長投資枠と除外\n成長投資枠では、対象の個別上場株式・REIT・ETF・より広い投信を買えます。特定の日本株や（証券会社が認めれば）外国株、J-REIT、つみたてリスト外の投信を買うのはここです。\nNISAを長期投資に沿わせるため、いくつかが除外されます。監理・整理銘柄、信託期間20年未満の投信、毎月分配型、一部のデリバティブ多用型です。両枠を通じて、普通預金・国債・社債・信用取引はNISAの対象外です。\n正確な対象の確認方法\n対象は具体的で証券会社ごとに異なり得るため、思い込みは禁物です。名前が似た2商品でも対象可否が異なり、ある会社ではNISAで買えても別の会社では買えないことがあります。外国ETFは上場しているだけでNISA対象になるわけではありません。\n確認するには、正確なファンド名・区分をFSAの最新リストと照合し、選んだ証券会社が意図した枠で実際に取り扱うかを確認します。米国納税者なら、別の段階を加えます——日本での対象可否は、米国での扱い（PFIC）について何も語りません。","url":"/ja/investing/nisa-eligible-investments","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-dividends:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-dividends","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAの配当・分配金","plainText":"上場株式・ETF・REITの配当をNISAで非課税にするには、通常「株式数比例配分方式」を選び、証券口座で受け取る必要があります。銀行受取や配当金領収証ではNISAでも20.315%源泉徴収され得て、外国配当は源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。\n株式・ETF・REITの株式数比例配分方式、投信の分配金、外国の源泉徴収、そしてNISAでも課税され得る理由。\n株式・ETF・REITの配当をNISAで非課税にするには「株式数比例配分方式」を選びます。\n銀行振込や配当金領収証での受取は、NISA内でも20.315%源泉徴収され得ます。\n誤った受取方法の配当は、後から確定申告してもNISA非課税にはできません。\n投信の普通分配金は、その別途の選択なしにNISAで非課税です。\n外国（例：米国）配当は、NISAでは消えない源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。\n株式数比例配分方式\nNISAで保有する上場株式・ETF・REITの配当を非課税にするには、通常「株式数比例配分方式」を選ぶ必要があります。これは、保有株数に応じて配当を証券口座へ直接入金する受取方法で、証券会社で設定します。NISAの非課税が適用されるには、この設定が有効である必要があります。\nもし銀行口座・郵便局・配当金領収証で受け取ると、NISAに入っていても通常の20.315%源泉徴収の対象になり得ます。さらに、後から確定申告してもその配当を遡ってNISA非課税にはできません——配当が支払われる前に受取設定を正しくしておく必要があります。\n投信の分配金と特別分配金\n投資信託は扱いが異なります。NISAで保有する投信の普通分配金は、株式のような株式数比例配分方式の別途選択なしに非課税です。支払いがファンドと口座の構造を通るためです。これが、資産形成型のインデックス投信をNISAで持つのが簡単な理由の一つです。\n特別分配金（元本払戻金、いわゆる「特別分配金」）は、そもそも課税されません——所得ではなく、投資した元本の払い戻しとして扱われます——ため、NISAの追加的な恩恵はありません。これが重要なのは主に高分配型の投信で、表面上の分配の一部が自分の元本の返戻であり得ます。\n外国配当と源泉徴収\nNISAが消すのは日本の税であり、外国の税ではありません。外国株は、証券会社が対応し銘柄が対象なら成長投資枠で保有できますが、源泉地国の課税は残り得ます。例えば米国配当はNISA内でも米国の源泉徴収があり得て、そのNISA所得には日本の税がないため、通常の外国税額控除では取り戻せないことがあります。\n外国株・ETFの取扱は証券会社ごとで、米国納税者は同じ所得に米国での別途報告が生じます。外国配当が計画の中心なら、NISAで完全非課税と決めつけず、源泉徴収後の結果で試算してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-dividends","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"上場株式・ETF・REITの配当をNISAで非課税にするには、通常「株式数比例配分方式」を選び、証券口座で受け取る必要があります。銀行受取や配当金領収証ではNISAでも20.315%源泉徴収され得て、外国配当は源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。\n株式・ETF・REITの株式数比例配分方式、投信の分配金、外国の源泉徴収、そしてNISAでも課税され得る理由。\n株式・ETF・REITの配当をNISAで非課税にするには「株式数比例配分方式」を選びます。\n銀行振込や配当金領収証での受取は、NISA内でも20.315%源泉徴収され得ます。\n誤った受取方法の配当は、後から確定申告してもNISA非課税にはできません。\n投信の普通分配金は、その別途の選択なしにNISAで非課税です。\n外国（例：米国）配当は、NISAでは消えない源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。\n株式数比例配分方式\nNISAで保有する上場株式・ETF・REITの配当を非課税にするには、通常「株式数比例配分方式」を選ぶ必要があります。これは、保有株数に応じて配当を証券口座へ直接入金する受取方法で、証券会社で設定します。NISAの非課税が適用されるには、この設定が有効である必要があります。\nもし銀行口座・郵便局・配当金領収証で受け取ると、NISAに入っていても通常の20.315%源泉徴収の対象になり得ます。さらに、後から確定申告してもその配当を遡ってNISA非課税にはできません——配当が支払われる前に受取設定を正しくしておく必要があります。\n投信の分配金と特別分配金\n投資信託は扱いが異なります。NISAで保有する投信の普通分配金は、株式のような株式数比例配分方式の別途選択なしに非課税です。支払いがファンドと口座の構造を通るためです。これが、資産形成型のインデックス投信をNISAで持つのが簡単な理由の一つです。\n特別分配金（元本払戻金、いわゆる「特別分配金」）は、そもそも課税されません——所得ではなく、投資した元本の払い戻しとして扱われます——ため、NISAの追加的な恩恵はありません。これが重要なのは主に高分配型の投信で、表面上の分配の一部が自分の元本の返戻であり得ます。\n外国配当と源泉徴収\nNISAが消すのは日本の税であり、外国の税ではありません。外国株は、証券会社が対応し銘柄が対象なら成長投資枠で保有できますが、源泉地国の課税は残り得ます。例えば米国配当はNISA内でも米国の源泉徴収があり得て、そのNISA所得には日本の税がないため、通常の外国税額控除では取り戻せないことがあります。\n外国株・ETFの取扱は証券会社ごとで、米国納税者は同じ所得に米国での別途報告が生じます。外国配当が計画の中心なら、NISAで完全非課税と決めつけず、源泉徴収後の結果で試算してください。","url":"/ja/investing/nisa-dividends","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAでの売却と枠の再利用","plainText":"NISA保有はいつでも売れます。売却すると翌年から取得価額が生涯枠に復活しますが、その年に使った年間枠は戻りません。\nいつ売れるか、売却が年間枠と生涯枠に与える影響、翌年の復活の仕組みを具体例で解説。\nNISA保有は市場が開いていればいつでも売却でき、ロックアップはありません。\n売却は生涯枠を取得価額で復活させます——即時ではなく翌年から。\n売却しても、その年に使った年間枠は戻りません。\n値上がりでも復活は取得価額のみ。値下がりも復活は取得価額のみで控除不可。\nNISA内のリバランスは可能ですが、買い直すと年間枠を消費します。\nいつ売れるか\nNISAに最低保有期間はありません。流動性と、投信の場合は1日1回の基準価額の注文時間に従い、市場と商品の注文ルールが許せばいつでも売れます。出金は通常の受渡しに従い、約定の数営業日後に現金が届きます。\nこの柔軟性は、原則受給年齢まで固定されるiDeCoとの大きな違いです。ただし柔軟だからと頻繁に売買すべきではありません。NISAの価値は、対象の利益を非課税で成長させ続けるときに複利で効き、不要な売却は取り戻せない年間枠を無駄にします。\n売却が枠に与える影響\n2つの枠は別々に動きます。生涯枠は売却した保有の取得価額で復活しますが、翌年からです。その年に既に使った年間枠は一切戻りません。よって3月に売っても、その年に使った年間枠を同じ年に再投資はできません。\n具体例：100万円で買い160万円に上昇して売却——翌年から生涯枠は100万円（取得価額）増え、160万円ではありません。100万円で買い60万円に下落して売却——復活は100万円で、40万円の損失は控除不可。1月に成長枠240万円を使い切り3月に売っても、その年の成長枠で再び240万円は買えません。\nNISA内のリバランス\nNISA内でリバランス——過大な保有を売り過小な保有を買う——はできますが、買い直しは年間枠を消費し、復活した生涯枠は翌年に戻ります。このため、税効率の良いリバランスは、拠出余力がある限り、売却ではなく新規の拠出を過小資産へ向けることです。\n売って買い直す方法は、新規拠出で大きなズレを直せない場合や、本当にその保有から抜けたい場合に限ります。年末の売却は、復活する枠や金融機関の規則が暦年ベースで動くため、各社の期限を意識して計画してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-selling-and-reuse","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:nisa-common-mistakes","guide:what-is-nisa"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"NISA保有はいつでも売れます。売却すると翌年から取得価額が生涯枠に復活しますが、その年に使った年間枠は戻りません。\nいつ売れるか、売却が年間枠と生涯枠に与える影響、翌年の復活の仕組みを具体例で解説。\nNISA保有は市場が開いていればいつでも売却でき、ロックアップはありません。\n売却は生涯枠を取得価額で復活させます——即時ではなく翌年から。\n売却しても、その年に使った年間枠は戻りません。\n値上がりでも復活は取得価額のみ。値下がりも復活は取得価額のみで控除不可。\nNISA内のリバランスは可能ですが、買い直すと年間枠を消費します。\nいつ売れるか\nNISAに最低保有期間はありません。流動性と、投信の場合は1日1回の基準価額の注文時間に従い、市場と商品の注文ルールが許せばいつでも売れます。出金は通常の受渡しに従い、約定の数営業日後に現金が届きます。\nこの柔軟性は、原則受給年齢まで固定されるiDeCoとの大きな違いです。ただし柔軟だからと頻繁に売買すべきではありません。NISAの価値は、対象の利益を非課税で成長させ続けるときに複利で効き、不要な売却は取り戻せない年間枠を無駄にします。\n売却が枠に与える影響\n2つの枠は別々に動きます。生涯枠は売却した保有の取得価額で復活しますが、翌年からです。その年に既に使った年間枠は一切戻りません。よって3月に売っても、その年に使った年間枠を同じ年に再投資はできません。\n具体例：100万円で買い160万円に上昇して売却——翌年から生涯枠は100万円（取得価額）増え、160万円ではありません。100万円で買い60万円に下落して売却——復活は100万円で、40万円の損失は控除不可。1月に成長枠240万円を使い切り3月に売っても、その年の成長枠で再び240万円は買えません。\nNISA内のリバランス\nNISA内でリバランス——過大な保有を売り過小な保有を買う——はできますが、買い直しは年間枠を消費し、復活した生涯枠は翌年に戻ります。このため、税効率の良いリバランスは、拠出余力がある限り、売却ではなく新規の拠出を過小資産へ向けることです。\n売って買い直す方法は、新規拠出で大きなズレを直せない場合や、本当にその保有から抜けたい場合に限ります。年末の売却は、復活する枠や金融機関の規則が暦年ベースで動くため、各社の期限を意識して計画してください。","url":"/ja/investing/nisa-selling-and-reuse","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-old-vs-current:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-old-vs-current","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"旧NISAと現行NISA","plainText":"旧NISAの保有は独自の非課税期間を保ち、1,800万円の枠の外にあります。現行制度へは移せないため、非課税期間が終わると通常は売却するか課税口座へ移ります。\n2024年以前の一般・つみたて・ジュニアNISAの資産の扱いと、現行制度へ移せない理由。\n一般NISA・つみたてNISA・ジュニアNISAは、独自の非課税期間を持つ2024年以前の制度です。\n旧資産は現行NISAの生涯上限1,800万円の外にあります。\n旧保有は2024年制度へ直接ロールオーバーできません。\n旧非課税期間が終わると、通常は売却するか課税口座へ移ります。\n現行NISAでの売却・買い直しは、現行枠を使う新規取得です。\n旧制度\n2024年の刷新前は、一般NISA・つみたてNISA・ジュニアNISAの3制度が別々に存在しました。それらで取得した保有は、元の非課税期間に従い続け、現行の生涯上限1,800万円の完全に外にあります。つまり、旧保有は現行NISAの生涯枠を減らさず、現行NISAの拠出は旧保有に影響しません。\nこの分離により、多くの人は両方を持ちます。元の非課税期間を消化中の旧資産と、2024年の規則で新たに拠出する現行NISAです。\n現行NISAへのロールオーバー不可\n旧資産は2024年制度へ直接ロールオーバーできません——一般やつみたてNISAの保有を、非課税のまま現行NISAの生涯枠へ移す橋渡しはありません。旧非課税期間が終わると、投資家は通常、保有を売却するか、適用規則に従い課税口座へ移すことになり、その後の利益は課税対象になります。\n同じ露出を現行NISA内で持ちたい場合、売却（または旧期間の満了）後に、現行NISAで新たに対象商品を買います。その買い直しは、現行の年間枠・生涯枠を使う完全な新規取得です。\n計画と記録\n売却・買い直しは取得価格をリセットし現行枠を使うため、相場のタイミングと取引コストのリスクも生みます——より悪い価格で売買したり、新規資金に使えた現行NISA枠を消費したりします。普遍的な正解はなく、旧期間の終了日、現行枠の余裕、その保有への見方で決まります。\n各旧保有の制度・取得内容・非課税終了日を、現行NISAと分けて明確に記録してください。特に金融機関を変える場合、証券会社の明細が永久に区別してくれるとは限りません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-old-vs-current","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"旧NISAの保有は独自の非課税期間を保ち、1,800万円の枠の外にあります。現行制度へは移せないため、非課税期間が終わると通常は売却するか課税口座へ移ります。\n2024年以前の一般・つみたて・ジュニアNISAの資産の扱いと、現行制度へ移せない理由。\n一般NISA・つみたてNISA・ジュニアNISAは、独自の非課税期間を持つ2024年以前の制度です。\n旧資産は現行NISAの生涯上限1,800万円の外にあります。\n旧保有は2024年制度へ直接ロールオーバーできません。\n旧非課税期間が終わると、通常は売却するか課税口座へ移ります。\n現行NISAでの売却・買い直しは、現行枠を使う新規取得です。\n旧制度\n2024年の刷新前は、一般NISA・つみたてNISA・ジュニアNISAの3制度が別々に存在しました。それらで取得した保有は、元の非課税期間に従い続け、現行の生涯上限1,800万円の完全に外にあります。つまり、旧保有は現行NISAの生涯枠を減らさず、現行NISAの拠出は旧保有に影響しません。\nこの分離により、多くの人は両方を持ちます。元の非課税期間を消化中の旧資産と、2024年の規則で新たに拠出する現行NISAです。\n現行NISAへのロールオーバー不可\n旧資産は2024年制度へ直接ロールオーバーできません——一般やつみたてNISAの保有を、非課税のまま現行NISAの生涯枠へ移す橋渡しはありません。旧非課税期間が終わると、投資家は通常、保有を売却するか、適用規則に従い課税口座へ移すことになり、その後の利益は課税対象になります。\n同じ露出を現行NISA内で持ちたい場合、売却（または旧期間の満了）後に、現行NISAで新たに対象商品を買います。その買い直しは、現行の年間枠・生涯枠を使う完全な新規取得です。\n計画と記録\n売却・買い直しは取得価格をリセットし現行枠を使うため、相場のタイミングと取引コストのリスクも生みます——より悪い価格で売買したり、新規資金に使えた現行NISA枠を消費したりします。普遍的な正解はなく、旧期間の終了日、現行枠の余裕、その保有への見方で決まります。\n各旧保有の制度・取得内容・非課税終了日を、現行NISAと分けて明確に記録してください。特に金融機関を変える場合、証券会社の明細が永久に区別してくれるとは限りません。","url":"/ja/investing/nisa-old-vs-current","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-when-not-first:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-when-not-first","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAは常に最初の一歩か？","plainText":"いいえ。NISAは、生活防衛資金・高金利借金の返済・短期の現金需要・失効する会社拠出・米国納税者の越境税務・差し迫った出国・損失控除に依存する戦略より、自動的に優先すべきではありません。\n生活防衛資金・借金返済・企業制度・iDeCo・米国税務・出国予定などがNISAより先に来るべき場面。\nNISAに拠出する前に、生活防衛資金を作り高金利の借金を返します。\n短く決まった期限までに使うお金は、NISAではなく現金に置きます。\n失効する会社のマッチングや特に有利な企業年金を逃さないようにします。\n米国納税者は、日本の投信を買う前に越境（PFIC・報告）の確認を済ませます。\n近く出国しそう、または損失控除が必要なら、NISAが最初の口座とは限りません。\nまず財務の土台\nNISAは強力ですが、あくまで投資であり、投資は財務の土台の後に来ます。数か月分の必須支出を預金で持つ生活防衛資金は、下落局面で投資の売却を迫られることから守ります。高金利の消費者ローン、特にカードのリボ残高は、投資が確実に稼ぐ以上のコストがかかることが多く、返済は不確実な利益に勝る「確実なリターン」です。\n同様に、短く決まった期限までに使うお金（3年後の住宅頭金、来春の学費）は現金に置くべきです。必要直前の一時的な下落は致命的になり得て、NISAは元本を守りません。\n企業制度とiDeCo\n放置すれば失う会社のお金を確認します。マッチング拠出や特に有利な企業年金は、実質的に無料のリターンであり、自分の口座を先に始めるより有利になり得ます。iDeCoも、掛金の所得控除があなたの所得にとって特に価値が高く、老後までの固定を受け入れられるなら、NISAより優先し得ます——控除は確実で即時の利点で、NISAの利点は時間をかけた非課税成長です。\nこれはiDeCoを最大化せよという規則ではなく、「まずNISA」という基本形が、より価値の高い会社や控除の機会を放置していないことを前提としている、という注意です。\n越境・出国のケース\n2つの状況が通常の順序を逆転させます。米国市民・税務上の居住者は、NISA内で日本の投信を買う前に越境の確認を済ませるべきです。PFIC規則と米国報告により、その「当然の」最初の購入が誤りになり得ます——NISAの日本の非課税は米国の非課税を与えません。また近く出国予定なら、NISAは通常海外で継続できず、後で解消する大きなNISA残高を作るのは合理的でないことがあります。\n最後に、課税利益を相殺するため損失の実現・控除にあえて依存する戦略は、損失が控除にならないNISAでは使えません。これらの場合、正しい最初の一歩は、課税口座・企業制度・現金、あるいは単に専門家への相談であり、NISAではないことがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-when-not-first","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:saving-vs-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"いいえ。NISAは、生活防衛資金・高金利借金の返済・短期の現金需要・失効する会社拠出・米国納税者の越境税務・差し迫った出国・損失控除に依存する戦略より、自動的に優先すべきではありません。\n生活防衛資金・借金返済・企業制度・iDeCo・米国税務・出国予定などがNISAより先に来るべき場面。\nNISAに拠出する前に、生活防衛資金を作り高金利の借金を返します。\n短く決まった期限までに使うお金は、NISAではなく現金に置きます。\n失効する会社のマッチングや特に有利な企業年金を逃さないようにします。\n米国納税者は、日本の投信を買う前に越境（PFIC・報告）の確認を済ませます。\n近く出国しそう、または損失控除が必要なら、NISAが最初の口座とは限りません。\nまず財務の土台\nNISAは強力ですが、あくまで投資であり、投資は財務の土台の後に来ます。数か月分の必須支出を預金で持つ生活防衛資金は、下落局面で投資の売却を迫られることから守ります。高金利の消費者ローン、特にカードのリボ残高は、投資が確実に稼ぐ以上のコストがかかることが多く、返済は不確実な利益に勝る「確実なリターン」です。\n同様に、短く決まった期限までに使うお金（3年後の住宅頭金、来春の学費）は現金に置くべきです。必要直前の一時的な下落は致命的になり得て、NISAは元本を守りません。\n企業制度とiDeCo\n放置すれば失う会社のお金を確認します。マッチング拠出や特に有利な企業年金は、実質的に無料のリターンであり、自分の口座を先に始めるより有利になり得ます。iDeCoも、掛金の所得控除があなたの所得にとって特に価値が高く、老後までの固定を受け入れられるなら、NISAより優先し得ます——控除は確実で即時の利点で、NISAの利点は時間をかけた非課税成長です。\nこれはiDeCoを最大化せよという規則ではなく、「まずNISA」という基本形が、より価値の高い会社や控除の機会を放置していないことを前提としている、という注意です。\n越境・出国のケース\n2つの状況が通常の順序を逆転させます。米国市民・税務上の居住者は、NISA内で日本の投信を買う前に越境の確認を済ませるべきです。PFIC規則と米国報告により、その「当然の」最初の購入が誤りになり得ます——NISAの日本の非課税は米国の非課税を与えません。また近く出国予定なら、NISAは通常海外で継続できず、後で解消する大きなNISA残高を作るのは合理的でないことがあります。\n最後に、課税利益を相殺するため損失の実現・控除にあえて依存する戦略は、損失が控除にならないNISAでは使えません。これらの場合、正しい最初の一歩は、課税口座・企業制度・現金、あるいは単に専門家への相談であり、NISAではないことがあります。","url":"/ja/investing/nisa-when-not-first","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-common-mistakes:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-common-mistakes","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAのよくある間違い","plainText":"よくある間違いは、非課税を無リスクと捉える、時価と枠の使用を混同する、誤った方法で配当を受け取る、昨年の成績で投信を選ぶ、誤った証券会社で開く、出国・外国税を無視する、です。\nNISAを無リスクと誤解、上限の誤解、誤った配当受取、成績追随、出国・外国税の見落とし。\n非課税は無リスクではありません。NISAは税を消しますが損失の可能性は消しません。\n枠は時価ではなく取得価額で測ります——値上がりが枠を余計に食うことはありません。\n株式・ETF・REITの配当は、株式数比例配分方式でないと非課税になりません。\n直近の成績で投信を選ばず、重複商品で複雑にしないでください。\n出国、そして米国納税者ならPFICと外国税の規則を、購入前に計画してください。\nリスクと上限の誤解\n最初の間違いは感情面です。税優遇だからとNISAを安全と捉えることです。NISAは入れ物にすぎず、中の投資は他と同様に下落し、非課税の30%の損失も30%の損失です。株式の露出は、枠の大きさではなく、下落局面で耐えられる水準に合わせます。\n2つ目は仕組みの面です。時価と枠の使用を混同することです。枠は取得価額で測るため、2倍になった保有は追加の枠を使っておらず、時価1,800万円まで「上乗せ」はできません。関連する誤りに、未使用の年間枠の繰越を期待する（できません）、売却後の即時の枠復活を期待する（翌年・取得価額で戻ります）があります。\n商品と配当の間違い\nよくある配当の間違いは、株式・ETF・REITの配当を、株式数比例配分方式ではなく銀行口座や配当金領収証で受け取ることです。これはNISAでも20.315%源泉徴収を招き、後の申告では直せません。配当が支払われる前に受取方法を設定してください。\n商品選びでは、昨年の成績で投信を選ばないこと。直近の成績は将来の相対結果の根拠として不確実で、上位の投信も翌年は劣後し得ます。同様に、重複するテーマ投信を多数入れて複雑にしないこと。広範な低コストのインデックス投信1本で、重複が少なく低コストに核を担えることが多いです。\n出国と外国税の間違い\n2つの構造的な間違いが大きな問題を招きます。1つ目は出国規則の無視です。NISAは、事前申告した特定の一時的ケースを除き、出国後は通常継続できません。出国計画なしに大きなNISA残高を作ると、厄介な解消を迫られます。各社の出国手続を早めに書面で入手してください。\n2つ目は米国納税者の落とし穴です。PFICの扱いと米国報告を確認せずにNISAで日本の投信を買うことです。NISAの日本の非課税は米国の非課税を与えず、「単純な」インデックス投信がForm 8621の義務を生み得ます。米国関係者なら、最初の日本の投信購入前に越境の確認を済ませてください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-common-mistakes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan","faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-dividends","guide:nisa-when-not-first","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"よくある間違いは、非課税を無リスクと捉える、時価と枠の使用を混同する、誤った方法で配当を受け取る、昨年の成績で投信を選ぶ、誤った証券会社で開く、出国・外国税を無視する、です。\nNISAを無リスクと誤解、上限の誤解、誤った配当受取、成績追随、出国・外国税の見落とし。\n非課税は無リスクではありません。NISAは税を消しますが損失の可能性は消しません。\n枠は時価ではなく取得価額で測ります——値上がりが枠を余計に食うことはありません。\n株式・ETF・REITの配当は、株式数比例配分方式でないと非課税になりません。\n直近の成績で投信を選ばず、重複商品で複雑にしないでください。\n出国、そして米国納税者ならPFICと外国税の規則を、購入前に計画してください。\nリスクと上限の誤解\n最初の間違いは感情面です。税優遇だからとNISAを安全と捉えることです。NISAは入れ物にすぎず、中の投資は他と同様に下落し、非課税の30%の損失も30%の損失です。株式の露出は、枠の大きさではなく、下落局面で耐えられる水準に合わせます。\n2つ目は仕組みの面です。時価と枠の使用を混同することです。枠は取得価額で測るため、2倍になった保有は追加の枠を使っておらず、時価1,800万円まで「上乗せ」はできません。関連する誤りに、未使用の年間枠の繰越を期待する（できません）、売却後の即時の枠復活を期待する（翌年・取得価額で戻ります）があります。\n商品と配当の間違い\nよくある配当の間違いは、株式・ETF・REITの配当を、株式数比例配分方式ではなく銀行口座や配当金領収証で受け取ることです。これはNISAでも20.315%源泉徴収を招き、後の申告では直せません。配当が支払われる前に受取方法を設定してください。\n商品選びでは、昨年の成績で投信を選ばないこと。直近の成績は将来の相対結果の根拠として不確実で、上位の投信も翌年は劣後し得ます。同様に、重複するテーマ投信を多数入れて複雑にしないこと。広範な低コストのインデックス投信1本で、重複が少なく低コストに核を担えることが多いです。\n出国と外国税の間違い\n2つの構造的な間違いが大きな問題を招きます。1つ目は出国規則の無視です。NISAは、事前申告した特定の一時的ケースを除き、出国後は通常継続できません。出国計画なしに大きなNISA残高を作ると、厄介な解消を迫られます。各社の出国手続を早めに書面で入手してください。\n2つ目は米国納税者の落とし穴です。PFICの扱いと米国報告を確認せずにNISAで日本の投信を買うことです。NISAの日本の非課税は米国の非課税を与えず、「単純な」インデックス投信がForm 8621の義務を生み得ます。米国関係者なら、最初の日本の投信購入前に越境の確認を済ませてください。","url":"/ja/investing/nisa-common-mistakes","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokerage-failure-protection:ja","entityId":"guide:brokerage-failure-protection","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"証券会社が破綻したらどうなる？","plainText":"日本の証券会社は顧客資産を自社資産と分別管理する義務があり、破綻時も通常は返還されます。分別管理が機能しなかった場合、日本投資者保護基金が適格な顧客に最大1,000万円を補償します——ただしどちらも市場の損失は守りません。\n分別管理、日本投資者保護基金の1,000万円上限、保護される・されないもの、登録の確認方法。\n証券会社は法律で、顧客資産を自社資産と分別管理する必要があります。\n分別管理が保たれたまま破綻すれば、顧客資産は通常、全額返還されます。\n分別管理が機能しなかった場合、日本投資者保護基金が適格顧客に最大1,000万円を補償します。\nどちらの保護も、市場の損失・発行体の債務不履行・価格下落は対象外です。\n入金前に、FSAの登録業者一覧（およびJSDA会員）で会社を確認します。\n分別管理\n主な保護は構造的なものです。日本の証券会社は、顧客資産（現金と有価証券）を自社資産と分別管理する義務があります。あなたの保有は会社の財産ではないため、分別管理が適切に保たれたまま会社が破綻しても、資産は通常、破綻に巻き込まれず返還されるか、別の機関へ移管されます。\nこれは、銀行への貸付にあたる預金とは大きく異なります。適切に運営された証券会社では、株式や投信はあなたのもので、会社は保管者・仲介者にすぎません。\n日本投資者保護基金\n分別管理は、詐欺や誤りにより、まれに機能しないことがあります。その残余リスクのために日本投資者保護基金（JIPF）があります。分別管理の失敗で顧客資産を返還できない場合、JIPFは適格な顧客に最大1,000万円を補償します。これは保管制度の失敗に対する備えであり、あらゆる損失の通常保険ではありません。\n重要な点として、JIPFは通常の市場の損失、保有債券の発行体の債務不履行、投信の価格下落を補償しません。投資が単に値下がりした場合、それは投資リスクであり、投資者保護の範囲外です。\n会社の確認方法\n保護は、正規に登録された会社を前提とします。入金前に、FSAの金融商品取引業者の登録一覧、該当すればJSDAの会員一覧で会社を確認します。登録は営業の法的な認可を示すもので、運用成績や商品の妥当性を保証しません。\n現代の重要な注意：正規の証券会社の登録があっても、それを名乗るSNSアカウントやウェブサイトが正規とは限りません。詐欺師はブランド名を複製し実在の会社になりすまします。資金や書類を送る前に、見覚えのある名前だけでなく、本物の登録された事業体と取引していることを確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokerage-failure-protection","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investor-deposit-protection","guide:check-broker-license-and-scams","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本投資者保護基金","url":"https://jipf.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"預金保険機構","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"日本の証券会社は顧客資産を自社資産と分別管理する義務があり、破綻時も通常は返還されます。分別管理が機能しなかった場合、日本投資者保護基金が適格な顧客に最大1,000万円を補償します——ただしどちらも市場の損失は守りません。\n分別管理、日本投資者保護基金の1,000万円上限、保護される・されないもの、登録の確認方法。\n証券会社は法律で、顧客資産を自社資産と分別管理する必要があります。\n分別管理が保たれたまま破綻すれば、顧客資産は通常、全額返還されます。\n分別管理が機能しなかった場合、日本投資者保護基金が適格顧客に最大1,000万円を補償します。\nどちらの保護も、市場の損失・発行体の債務不履行・価格下落は対象外です。\n入金前に、FSAの登録業者一覧（およびJSDA会員）で会社を確認します。\n分別管理\n主な保護は構造的なものです。日本の証券会社は、顧客資産（現金と有価証券）を自社資産と分別管理する義務があります。あなたの保有は会社の財産ではないため、分別管理が適切に保たれたまま会社が破綻しても、資産は通常、破綻に巻き込まれず返還されるか、別の機関へ移管されます。\nこれは、銀行への貸付にあたる預金とは大きく異なります。適切に運営された証券会社では、株式や投信はあなたのもので、会社は保管者・仲介者にすぎません。\n日本投資者保護基金\n分別管理は、詐欺や誤りにより、まれに機能しないことがあります。その残余リスクのために日本投資者保護基金（JIPF）があります。分別管理の失敗で顧客資産を返還できない場合、JIPFは適格な顧客に最大1,000万円を補償します。これは保管制度の失敗に対する備えであり、あらゆる損失の通常保険ではありません。\n重要な点として、JIPFは通常の市場の損失、保有債券の発行体の債務不履行、投信の価格下落を補償しません。投資が単に値下がりした場合、それは投資リスクであり、投資者保護の範囲外です。\n会社の確認方法\n保護は、正規に登録された会社を前提とします。入金前に、FSAの金融商品取引業者の登録一覧、該当すればJSDAの会員一覧で会社を確認します。登録は営業の法的な認可を示すもので、運用成績や商品の妥当性を保証しません。\n現代の重要な注意：正規の証券会社の登録があっても、それを名乗るSNSアカウントやウェブサイトが正規とは限りません。詐欺師はブランド名を複製し実在の会社になりすまします。資金や書類を送る前に、見覚えのある名前だけでなく、本物の登録された事業体と取引していることを確認してください。","url":"/ja/investing/brokerage-failure-protection","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investor-deposit-protection:ja","entityId":"guide:investor-deposit-protection","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本での投資・預金の保護","plainText":"証券は主に分別管理と1,000万円の日本投資者保護基金で守られ、銀行預金は1行あたり元本1,000万円まで預金保険で守られます。外貨預金や暗号資産は通常、別扱いです。\n証券の分別管理・投資者保護基金と、銀行の預金保険、外貨預金、ファンド構造、暗号資産の違い。\n証券：会社から分別管理され、保管失敗の不足はJIPFが最大1,000万円まで補償。\n銀行預金：利息付き普通預金は1行あたり元本1,000万円＋利息まで保護。\n無利息の決済用預金は、預金保険で別（より手厚い）保護を受けます。\n外貨預金は通常、通常の預金保険の対象外です。\nファンド資産は信託構造の中で分別。暗号資産は証券のようには保護されません。\n証券の保護\n証券会社で保有する投資は、主に分別管理で守られます。現金と有価証券は会社の資産と分けて保管され、会社の破綻で失われないようにされます。分別管理が失敗し資産を返還できない場合、日本投資者保護基金が適格顧客1人あたり最大1,000万円を補償します。どちらも市場の損失には対応しません。\nファンド（投資信託）の資産には独自の層があります。信託構造の中で分別され、運用会社や販売会社とは別の受託者が保管します。よって運用会社に問題が起きても、ファンドの原資産は会社の財産ではありません——ただし業務の混乱や、常に市場の損失は起こり得ます。\n銀行預金の保護\n銀行預金は別の制度、預金保険を使います。利息付きの普通預金は、1金融機関・1預金者あたり元本1,000万円まで、加えて破綻日までの利息が保護されます。決済用の無利息預金は、規則により別のより手厚い保護を受けます。1,000万円の上限は1行あたりのため、大きな残高を複数行に分けると保護が変わります。\n重要な抜け穴：外貨預金は通常、通常の預金保険の対象外です。銀行に多額の外貨残高を持つ場合、1,000万円の預金保険がそれに適用されると決めつけないでください。\n暗号資産の違い\n暗号資産はこれらの枠組みの外にあります。投資者保護基金による証券のような保護も、預金保険による預金のような保護もありません。登録された日本の暗号資産交換業者は独自の保管・分別義務を負いますが、その保護は証券や銀行の保護と同等ではなく、暗号資産は極端な変動・保管・税務報告の複雑さを伴います。\n実務上の要点：期待を「入れ物」に合わせることです。預金は保険付きの現金、証券は保管の備えを持つ分別された投資、暗号資産は別の高リスクの分類です。これらの保護は、損をした投資を守られた投資に変えません——対象は機関の破綻であり、市場の結果ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investor-deposit-protection","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:brokerage-failure-protection","guide:check-broker-license-and-scams","guide:saving-vs-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本投資者保護基金","url":"https://jipf.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"預金保険機構","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"証券は主に分別管理と1,000万円の日本投資者保護基金で守られ、銀行預金は1行あたり元本1,000万円まで預金保険で守られます。外貨預金や暗号資産は通常、別扱いです。\n証券の分別管理・投資者保護基金と、銀行の預金保険、外貨預金、ファンド構造、暗号資産の違い。\n証券：会社から分別管理され、保管失敗の不足はJIPFが最大1,000万円まで補償。\n銀行預金：利息付き普通預金は1行あたり元本1,000万円＋利息まで保護。\n無利息の決済用預金は、預金保険で別（より手厚い）保護を受けます。\n外貨預金は通常、通常の預金保険の対象外です。\nファンド資産は信託構造の中で分別。暗号資産は証券のようには保護されません。\n証券の保護\n証券会社で保有する投資は、主に分別管理で守られます。現金と有価証券は会社の資産と分けて保管され、会社の破綻で失われないようにされます。分別管理が失敗し資産を返還できない場合、日本投資者保護基金が適格顧客1人あたり最大1,000万円を補償します。どちらも市場の損失には対応しません。\nファンド（投資信託）の資産には独自の層があります。信託構造の中で分別され、運用会社や販売会社とは別の受託者が保管します。よって運用会社に問題が起きても、ファンドの原資産は会社の財産ではありません——ただし業務の混乱や、常に市場の損失は起こり得ます。\n銀行預金の保護\n銀行預金は別の制度、預金保険を使います。利息付きの普通預金は、1金融機関・1預金者あたり元本1,000万円まで、加えて破綻日までの利息が保護されます。決済用の無利息預金は、規則により別のより手厚い保護を受けます。1,000万円の上限は1行あたりのため、大きな残高を複数行に分けると保護が変わります。\n重要な抜け穴：外貨預金は通常、通常の預金保険の対象外です。銀行に多額の外貨残高を持つ場合、1,000万円の預金保険がそれに適用されると決めつけないでください。\n暗号資産の違い\n暗号資産はこれらの枠組みの外にあります。投資者保護基金による証券のような保護も、預金保険による預金のような保護もありません。登録された日本の暗号資産交換業者は独自の保管・分別義務を負いますが、その保護は証券や銀行の保護と同等ではなく、暗号資産は極端な変動・保管・税務報告の複雑さを伴います。\n実務上の要点：期待を「入れ物」に合わせることです。預金は保険付きの現金、証券は保管の備えを持つ分別された投資、暗号資産は別の高リスクの分類です。これらの保護は、損をした投資を守られた投資に変えません——対象は機関の破綻であり、市場の結果ではありません。","url":"/ja/investing/investor-deposit-protection","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:check-broker-license-and-scams:ja","entityId":"guide:check-broker-license-and-scams","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"証券会社の登録確認と詐欺対策","plainText":"入金前に、FSAの登録業者一覧とJSDA会員で会社を確認し、ブランドと法人を区別し、未承諾のSNS「アドバイザー」・遠隔操作ソフトの要求・クローンサイトは詐欺として扱います。\nFSA登録とJSDA会員での確認、ブランドと法人の区別、クローンサイト・SNS詐欺の見分け方、口座のセキュリティ。\nFSAの金融商品取引業者の登録一覧、該当時はJSDA会員で会社を確認します。\n登録は法的認可の証明で、運用の質や、その名を使うSNSアカウントの正当性の証明ではありません。\nクローンサイトや、実在する登録会社へのなりすましに注意します。\n未承諾の「投資アドバイザー」のために遠隔操作ソフトを絶対にインストールしないこと。\n固有のパスワード・多要素認証・出金先ロック・取引アラートを使います。\n登録の確認\n資金や本人確認書類を送る前に、会社が本当に登録されているか確認します。FSAは金融商品取引業者の登録一覧を、日本証券業協会（JSDA）は会員一覧を維持しています。該当する登録簿で見つからない会社や、確認を省くよう圧力をかける会社は危険信号です。\nブランドと法人を区別します。宣伝名・アプリ名・グループのブランドは、実際に免許を持つ登録法人と異なることがあります。見慣れたロゴや似た響きの名前を信じず、口座書類の正確な法人名を登録簿と照合してください。\nクローンサイトとSNS詐欺\n正規の証券登録があっても、それを名乗るあらゆるアカウントが正規とは限りません。よくある詐欺には、実在の会社のブランドを複製したクローンサイト、異常なリターンを約束するSNSの「投資グループ」やダイレクトメッセージの「アドバイザー」、著名な会社やその社員へのなりすましがあります。実在の登録会社は完全に正規でも、その名を使う偽ページは詐欺です。\n最も危険な要求は、「アドバイザー」が取引を「手伝う」・お金を「取り戻す」ために遠隔操作ソフトをインストールさせることです——これは端末と口座を明け渡します。絶対に行わないでください。高リターン保証・緊急性・資金を急いで動かす圧力は典型的な警告サインです。会社には、公式に公表された連絡先からのみ連絡してください。\n口座セキュリティの基本\n良い運用セキュリティは、フィッシングや乗っ取りの被害を減らします。使い回さない固有のパスワードを使い、多要素認証を有効にし、出金先ロックで事前登録した口座にのみ資金が出るようにします。取引・ログインのアラートを有効にし、端末とログイン履歴を定期的に確認します。\nフィッシングに警戒します。正規の会社が、メールやメッセージでパスワード全体やワンタイムコードを尋ねることはありません。不正な操作に気づいたら、直ちに公式チャネルで会社に連絡し、認証情報を変更し、証拠を保全します。早い報告は損失を抑える可能性を高めます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/check-broker-license-and-scams","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:brokerage-failure-protection","guide:investor-deposit-protection","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"日本投資者保護基金","url":"https://jipf.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"入金前に、FSAの登録業者一覧とJSDA会員で会社を確認し、ブランドと法人を区別し、未承諾のSNS「アドバイザー」・遠隔操作ソフトの要求・クローンサイトは詐欺として扱います。\nFSA登録とJSDA会員での確認、ブランドと法人の区別、クローンサイト・SNS詐欺の見分け方、口座のセキュリティ。\nFSAの金融商品取引業者の登録一覧、該当時はJSDA会員で会社を確認します。\n登録は法的認可の証明で、運用の質や、その名を使うSNSアカウントの正当性の証明ではありません。\nクローンサイトや、実在する登録会社へのなりすましに注意します。\n未承諾の「投資アドバイザー」のために遠隔操作ソフトを絶対にインストールしないこと。\n固有のパスワード・多要素認証・出金先ロック・取引アラートを使います。\n登録の確認\n資金や本人確認書類を送る前に、会社が本当に登録されているか確認します。FSAは金融商品取引業者の登録一覧を、日本証券業協会（JSDA）は会員一覧を維持しています。該当する登録簿で見つからない会社や、確認を省くよう圧力をかける会社は危険信号です。\nブランドと法人を区別します。宣伝名・アプリ名・グループのブランドは、実際に免許を持つ登録法人と異なることがあります。見慣れたロゴや似た響きの名前を信じず、口座書類の正確な法人名を登録簿と照合してください。\nクローンサイトとSNS詐欺\n正規の証券登録があっても、それを名乗るあらゆるアカウントが正規とは限りません。よくある詐欺には、実在の会社のブランドを複製したクローンサイト、異常なリターンを約束するSNSの「投資グループ」やダイレクトメッセージの「アドバイザー」、著名な会社やその社員へのなりすましがあります。実在の登録会社は完全に正規でも、その名を使う偽ページは詐欺です。\n最も危険な要求は、「アドバイザー」が取引を「手伝う」・お金を「取り戻す」ために遠隔操作ソフトをインストールさせることです——これは端末と口座を明け渡します。絶対に行わないでください。高リターン保証・緊急性・資金を急いで動かす圧力は典型的な警告サインです。会社には、公式に公表された連絡先からのみ連絡してください。\n口座セキュリティの基本\n良い運用セキュリティは、フィッシングや乗っ取りの被害を減らします。使い回さない固有のパスワードを使い、多要素認証を有効にし、出金先ロックで事前登録した口座にのみ資金が出るようにします。取引・ログインのアラートを有効にし、端末とログイン履歴を定期的に確認します。\nフィッシングに警戒します。正規の会社が、メールやメッセージでパスワード全体やワンタイムコードを尋ねることはありません。不正な操作に気づいたら、直ちに公式チャネルで会社に連絡し、認証情報を変更し、証拠を保全します。早い報告は損失を抑える可能性を高めます。","url":"/ja/investing/check-broker-license-and-scams","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-products-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:investment-products-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の投資商品","plainText":"主な商品は個別株・投資信託・ETF・債券・REIT・ロボアドバイザー・暗号資産です。多くの初心者は低コストで分散された投信1本を核にし、それ以外は意図的な追加とします。\n株式・投資信託・ETF・債券・REIT・ロボアドバイザー・暗号資産の概要と、選ぶための順序。\n投資信託は資金をまとめて分散運用し、しばしば100円から自動積立で買えます。\nETFは取引所で日中売買。個別株は1社の所有です。\n債券・国債は収入と安定を、REITは株式並みの変動で不動産の露出を与えます。\nロボアドは手数料で配分を自動化。暗号資産はNISA外で極端なリスクです。\n投信は資産クラス・露出・指数・対象可否・分散・コストで評価し、過去の成績は最後です。\n主な商品カテゴリー\n個別株は1社の直接所有で、企業固有リスクが最も高いです。投資信託は多数の投資家の資金をまとめ、定めた方針で分散運用する商品で、ネット証券では100円から自動積立で買えることが多いです。ETFは取引所で日中の価格で売買される投信で、指値注文や持ち運びが可能な一方、売買スプレッドや、外国ETFなら両替を自分で扱う必要があります。\n債券（個人向け国債を含む）は利息と相対的な安定を与え、REIT（不動産投資信託）は不動産の露出を与えますが、株式並みの変動と金利感応度を持ちます。ロボアドバイザーは手数料で配分とリバランスを自動化します。暗号資産はNISAの完全に外にあり、極端な変動と保管・税務の複雑さを伴います。\n商品選びの順序\n投信・ETFは、直近のチャートではなく順序で評価します。(1) 資産クラスは適切か。(2) 地域・通貨の露出は適切か。(3) ベンチマークは透明か。(4) 想定口座（例：NISA）で対象か。(5) 十分に分散され運用上も成り立つか。(6) 信託報酬・取引コスト・トラッキング差異・税の漏れ・スプレッド・両替コストは。(7) 分配方針は。(8) 証券会社で自動買付できるか。(9) 母国の税制で問題が生じないか。\n(10) で初めて過去の成績を、しかも一致する期間でベンチマークと比較して見ます。過去のリターン単独は妥当な推奨基準ではありません。市場・ファクター・通貨がたまたま良かったために輝くことがあり、将来の相対リターンについてはほとんど語りません。\n次に読むべきもの\nここから各カテゴリーの詳細へ進めます。投信の比較方法、インデックス投信とETF、日本と全世界、日本株と米国株、高配当投資、REITなどです。口座・税のページは、それらの商品が入る「入れ物」を説明します。\n一貫したテーマは、単一の「最良」商品を選ぶより、入れ物（NISA・iDeCo・課税）と資産配分のほうが重要ということです。まず口座と株式・債券の比率を決め、低コストで透明な対象商品で実装します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investment-products-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:reits-japan","guide:active-vs-passive-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"財務省","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/jgbs/individual/kojinmuke/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"主な商品は個別株・投資信託・ETF・債券・REIT・ロボアドバイザー・暗号資産です。多くの初心者は低コストで分散された投信1本を核にし、それ以外は意図的な追加とします。\n株式・投資信託・ETF・債券・REIT・ロボアドバイザー・暗号資産の概要と、選ぶための順序。\n投資信託は資金をまとめて分散運用し、しばしば100円から自動積立で買えます。\nETFは取引所で日中売買。個別株は1社の所有です。\n債券・国債は収入と安定を、REITは株式並みの変動で不動産の露出を与えます。\nロボアドは手数料で配分を自動化。暗号資産はNISA外で極端なリスクです。\n投信は資産クラス・露出・指数・対象可否・分散・コストで評価し、過去の成績は最後です。\n主な商品カテゴリー\n個別株は1社の直接所有で、企業固有リスクが最も高いです。投資信託は多数の投資家の資金をまとめ、定めた方針で分散運用する商品で、ネット証券では100円から自動積立で買えることが多いです。ETFは取引所で日中の価格で売買される投信で、指値注文や持ち運びが可能な一方、売買スプレッドや、外国ETFなら両替を自分で扱う必要があります。\n債券（個人向け国債を含む）は利息と相対的な安定を与え、REIT（不動産投資信託）は不動産の露出を与えますが、株式並みの変動と金利感応度を持ちます。ロボアドバイザーは手数料で配分とリバランスを自動化します。暗号資産はNISAの完全に外にあり、極端な変動と保管・税務の複雑さを伴います。\n商品選びの順序\n投信・ETFは、直近のチャートではなく順序で評価します。(1) 資産クラスは適切か。(2) 地域・通貨の露出は適切か。(3) ベンチマークは透明か。(4) 想定口座（例：NISA）で対象か。(5) 十分に分散され運用上も成り立つか。(6) 信託報酬・取引コスト・トラッキング差異・税の漏れ・スプレッド・両替コストは。(7) 分配方針は。(8) 証券会社で自動買付できるか。(9) 母国の税制で問題が生じないか。\n(10) で初めて過去の成績を、しかも一致する期間でベンチマークと比較して見ます。過去のリターン単独は妥当な推奨基準ではありません。市場・ファクター・通貨がたまたま良かったために輝くことがあり、将来の相対リターンについてはほとんど語りません。\n次に読むべきもの\nここから各カテゴリーの詳細へ進めます。投信の比較方法、インデックス投信とETF、日本と全世界、日本株と米国株、高配当投資、REITなどです。口座・税のページは、それらの商品が入る「入れ物」を説明します。\n一貫したテーマは、単一の「最良」商品を選ぶより、入れ物（NISA・iDeCo・課税）と資産配分のほうが重要ということです。まず口座と株式・債券の比率を決め、低コストで透明な対象商品で実装します。","url":"/ja/investing/investment-products-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-to-compare-funds:ja","entityId":"guide:how-to-compare-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"投資信託の比べ方","plainText":"ベンチマーク・総コスト・トラッキング差異・純資産・分配方針・通貨/ヘッジ・NISA対象で比べます。将来の相対結果の手がかりとして不確実な「昨年のリターン」では比べません。\nベンチマーク・信託報酬・その他コスト・トラッキング差異・規模・分配・通貨・NISA対象、そして直近の成績だけでは不十分な理由。\nまずベンチマーク：異なる指数を追う2本は比較できません。\n総コスト＝信託報酬＋売買・保管・投資対象・スプレッド・税のコスト。\nトラッキング差異は、定めた期間でのファンドのリターン−ベンチマーク。\n大きく定着した投信（純資産）は繰上償還・運用リスクを下げます。分配と通貨方針を確認。\nNISA対象は正確なファンド名・区分で確認。直近の成績は最後まで見ません。\nベンチマークとコスト\nまずベンチマークから。S&P500を追う投信と全世界指数を追う投信は別の問いに答えており、リターンを直接比べても意味がありません。各投信がどの指数を追い、その露出が自分の望むものかを確認します。\n次に、表面の信託報酬だけでなく総コストを比べます。総コストには、売買コスト・保管・（ファンド・オブ・ファンズなら）投資対象ファンドの費用・売買スプレッド・税の漏れが含まれます。競争的な日本のインデックス投信では信託報酬は非常に低く、小さな差でも数十年で複利で効きますが、ベンチマーク・追随・構造が異なるなら最安が自動的に最良とは限りません。\nトラッキング差異・規模・分配\nトラッキング差異は、定めた期間でのファンドのリターン−ベンチマークのリターンで、コスト差引後に指数をどれだけ忠実に再現するかの実務的な指標です。同じベンチマークの2本でも、手数料・税の漏れ・現金保有・サンプリング・売買・指数の慣行で差が出ます。一致する期間と一貫したリターンの基準で比べます。\n純資産（AUM）も重要です。大きく定着した投信は、繰上償還や運用上の負担に直面しにくいです。分配方針を確認し（多くの日本のインデックス投信は収益を内部で再投資し、長期の資産形成に向きます）、通貨・ヘッジ方針も確認します。ヘッジなしの外貨投信は為替リスクを持つためです。\n対象確認と、成績を最後に見る理由\nNISA対象は、正確なファンド名・区分をFSAリストと証券会社で確認し、意図した枠で自動買付できるかを確認します。米国納税者は、日本での対象可否に関わらず、別途PFICの段階を加えます。\nこれらすべての後に、初めて過去の成績を、しかも一致する期間でベンチマークと比較して見ます。「昨年最良の投信」を選ぶのは典型的な誤りです。直近の好成績は将来の相対リターンの予測として不確実で、上位の投信も翌年は劣後し得ます。成績は、投信が指数を妥当に追随しているかの確認に使い、投信同士を順位付けするためには使いません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/how-to-compare-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investment-products-japan","guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:nisa-eligible-investments"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"ベンチマーク・総コスト・トラッキング差異・純資産・分配方針・通貨/ヘッジ・NISA対象で比べます。将来の相対結果の手がかりとして不確実な「昨年のリターン」では比べません。\nベンチマーク・信託報酬・その他コスト・トラッキング差異・規模・分配・通貨・NISA対象、そして直近の成績だけでは不十分な理由。\nまずベンチマーク：異なる指数を追う2本は比較できません。\n総コスト＝信託報酬＋売買・保管・投資対象・スプレッド・税のコスト。\nトラッキング差異は、定めた期間でのファンドのリターン−ベンチマーク。\n大きく定着した投信（純資産）は繰上償還・運用リスクを下げます。分配と通貨方針を確認。\nNISA対象は正確なファンド名・区分で確認。直近の成績は最後まで見ません。\nベンチマークとコスト\nまずベンチマークから。S&P500を追う投信と全世界指数を追う投信は別の問いに答えており、リターンを直接比べても意味がありません。各投信がどの指数を追い、その露出が自分の望むものかを確認します。\n次に、表面の信託報酬だけでなく総コストを比べます。総コストには、売買コスト・保管・（ファンド・オブ・ファンズなら）投資対象ファンドの費用・売買スプレッド・税の漏れが含まれます。競争的な日本のインデックス投信では信託報酬は非常に低く、小さな差でも数十年で複利で効きますが、ベンチマーク・追随・構造が異なるなら最安が自動的に最良とは限りません。\nトラッキング差異・規模・分配\nトラッキング差異は、定めた期間でのファンドのリターン−ベンチマークのリターンで、コスト差引後に指数をどれだけ忠実に再現するかの実務的な指標です。同じベンチマークの2本でも、手数料・税の漏れ・現金保有・サンプリング・売買・指数の慣行で差が出ます。一致する期間と一貫したリターンの基準で比べます。\n純資産（AUM）も重要です。大きく定着した投信は、繰上償還や運用上の負担に直面しにくいです。分配方針を確認し（多くの日本のインデックス投信は収益を内部で再投資し、長期の資産形成に向きます）、通貨・ヘッジ方針も確認します。ヘッジなしの外貨投信は為替リスクを持つためです。\n対象確認と、成績を最後に見る理由\nNISA対象は、正確なファンド名・区分をFSAリストと証券会社で確認し、意図した枠で自動買付できるかを確認します。米国納税者は、日本での対象可否に関わらず、別途PFICの段階を加えます。\nこれらすべての後に、初めて過去の成績を、しかも一致する期間でベンチマークと比較して見ます。「昨年最良の投信」を選ぶのは典型的な誤りです。直近の好成績は将来の相対リターンの予測として不確実で、上位の投信も翌年は劣後し得ます。成績は、投信が指数を妥当に追随しているかの確認に使い、投信同士を順位付けするためには使いません。","url":"/ja/investing/how-to-compare-funds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:index-funds-vs-etfs:ja","entityId":"guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"インデックス投信とETF","plainText":"インデックス投信は1日1回の価格で、100円から、積立が容易で長期の資産形成に向きます。ETFは指値で日中売買でき、大口や特殊な保有では割安なこともありますが、スプレッド・手動の再投資・（外国ETFなら）通貨と税の複雑さが加わります。\n価格の決まり方・最低額・積立・スプレッド・分配・両替・税務の複雑さを比較。\n投信：1日1回の基準価額、多くは100円から、積立が最も簡単、収益は通常内部留保。\nETF：日中の市場価格、指値可、ただし売買スプレッドは自己負担。\nETFは現金を分配することが多く、再投資は証券会社が対応しない限り手動になりがち。\n外国ETFは直接の両替が必要になり得て、外国源泉徴収の複雑さが加わります。\n自動の長期積立は投信が簡単。ETFは日中の裁量や大口取引に向きます。\n価格・最低額・自動化\nインデックス投信は、注文締切後に算出される基準価額で1日1回価格が決まるため、注文時に表示された価格で約定するわけではありません。ネット証券では最低100円のことが多く、毎月の自動積立も簡単で、着実な資産形成の自然な手段になります。\nETFは取引所で日中の市場価格で売買されるため、指値注文で買値を管理できます。代わりに売買スプレッドをコストとして負担し、自動積立は一部の証券会社にありますが、投信ほど普遍的ではありません。\n分配と通貨\n分配の挙動が異なります。多くの日本のインデックス投信は収益をファンド内で内部留保・再投資し、自動で複利が効き、長期保有を簡単にします。ETFは現金を分配することが多く、証券会社が自動再投資に対応しない限り、分配のたびに手動で再投資する必要があります——小さいながら継続的な手間です。\n通貨がもう一層加わります。円建て投信は両替をファンド内に内包します。外国ETFは、円を外貨へ直接両替する必要があり為替スプレッドがかかり、外国の分配は源泉地国の課税を伴い得ます。円建ての投資家にとって、これらの運用・税務の細部は、わずかな手数料差を上回ることがよくあります。\nどちらが向くか\nNISAで毎月積み立てる多くの初心者には、インデックス投信が簡単です。100円から、容易な自動化、内包された再投資、スプレッドや手動両替なし。だから標準の初心者の道は低コストのインデックス投信1本を中心にします。\nETFは、日中の裁量・指値・持ち運び・投信にない特殊な露出・大口取引での低コストを望むときに活きます。多くの投資家は両方を使い——自動の核に投信、特定のサテライトにETF——どちらが普遍的に優れると断じるより、目的ごとに選びます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/index-funds-vs-etfs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:investment-products-japan","guide:currency-risk-yen","guide:us-stocks-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"インデックス投信は1日1回の価格で、100円から、積立が容易で長期の資産形成に向きます。ETFは指値で日中売買でき、大口や特殊な保有では割安なこともありますが、スプレッド・手動の再投資・（外国ETFなら）通貨と税の複雑さが加わります。\n価格の決まり方・最低額・積立・スプレッド・分配・両替・税務の複雑さを比較。\n投信：1日1回の基準価額、多くは100円から、積立が最も簡単、収益は通常内部留保。\nETF：日中の市場価格、指値可、ただし売買スプレッドは自己負担。\nETFは現金を分配することが多く、再投資は証券会社が対応しない限り手動になりがち。\n外国ETFは直接の両替が必要になり得て、外国源泉徴収の複雑さが加わります。\n自動の長期積立は投信が簡単。ETFは日中の裁量や大口取引に向きます。\n価格・最低額・自動化\nインデックス投信は、注文締切後に算出される基準価額で1日1回価格が決まるため、注文時に表示された価格で約定するわけではありません。ネット証券では最低100円のことが多く、毎月の自動積立も簡単で、着実な資産形成の自然な手段になります。\nETFは取引所で日中の市場価格で売買されるため、指値注文で買値を管理できます。代わりに売買スプレッドをコストとして負担し、自動積立は一部の証券会社にありますが、投信ほど普遍的ではありません。\n分配と通貨\n分配の挙動が異なります。多くの日本のインデックス投信は収益をファンド内で内部留保・再投資し、自動で複利が効き、長期保有を簡単にします。ETFは現金を分配することが多く、証券会社が自動再投資に対応しない限り、分配のたびに手動で再投資する必要があります——小さいながら継続的な手間です。\n通貨がもう一層加わります。円建て投信は両替をファンド内に内包します。外国ETFは、円を外貨へ直接両替する必要があり為替スプレッドがかかり、外国の分配は源泉地国の課税を伴い得ます。円建ての投資家にとって、これらの運用・税務の細部は、わずかな手数料差を上回ることがよくあります。\nどちらが向くか\nNISAで毎月積み立てる多くの初心者には、インデックス投信が簡単です。100円から、容易な自動化、内包された再投資、スプレッドや手動両替なし。だから標準の初心者の道は低コストのインデックス投信1本を中心にします。\nETFは、日中の裁量・指値・持ち運び・投信にない特殊な露出・大口取引での低コストを望むときに活きます。多くの投資家は両方を使い——自動の核に投信、特定のサテライトにETF——どちらが普遍的に優れると断じるより、目的ごとに選びます。","url":"/ja/investing/index-funds-vs-etfs","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-vs-global-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-vs-global-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本と全世界の投資","plainText":"日本のみは1国・1通貨・輸出/工業中心の市場に集中します。全世界は多くの経済・業種に分散する一方、通貨と地政学のばらつきが加わります。多くの投資家は全世界を核にし、日本の上乗せは任意です。\n国・通貨の集中、業種の違い、身近さの偏り、円建て負債との対応、それぞれの役割。\n日本のみは1つの経済・主に円・輸出/工業/金融寄りにさらされます。\n全世界は多くの経済・通貨、より広い技術/ヘルスケア/消費に分散します。\n身近さの偏りで、分散の理屈以上に自国市場が安全に感じられます。\n円の自国寄りは将来の円支出に合いやすく、全世界は総リスクをよく分散します。\nよくある構成は、全世界を核に、任意で控えめな日本の上乗せです。\n集中と通貨\n核心の違いは幅です。日本のみは、結果を1つの経済・1つの政治規制体制・主に円に結び付けます。全世界は多くの経済・通貨を保有し、単一の国の運不運が支配しません。経済や通貨の数という点で、全世界は単純により分散されています。\n業種構成も続きます。日本市場は工業・金融・輸出の露出が大きく、全世界指数はより広い技術・ヘルスケア・消費を加えます。どちらが「良い」ではありませんが、挙動が異なり、一方だけを持つとその一つのプロファイルにさらされます。\n身近さの偏りと円建て負債\n知っているものを過大に持つのは自然です。身近さで自国株が安全に感じられますが、安心は分散ではありません——馴染みの銘柄だけでも高度に集中し得ます。自国バイアスを認識することが、既定ではなく意図的に配分する第一歩です。\nある程度の日本寄りには正当な理由があります。将来の支出——家賃・教育・老後——が円なら、円建て資産はその負債により直接対応し、通貨の不一致を減らします。これは日本や円の露出を一部持つ理由であり、全世界の分散を捨てる理由ではありません。\n妥当な役割\n広く使われる構成は、全世界（オールカントリー）株式を核の分散とし、任意で控えめな日本の上乗せや円連動の部分を、自国支出に合わせて組み合わせるものです。これは広範な成長を取り込みつつ、円で暮らし支出する現実を認めます。\nどちらを選んでも、全世界の主な追加リスク——外貨・地政学・バリュエーションのばらつき——と、日本のみの主なリスク——自国集中——を覚えておきます。判断は、どちらの市場が勝つかの予測ではなく、目標に合わせてどのリスクを持つ方が良いかです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/japan-vs-global-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks","guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:currency-risk-yen"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"日本のみは1国・1通貨・輸出/工業中心の市場に集中します。全世界は多くの経済・業種に分散する一方、通貨と地政学のばらつきが加わります。多くの投資家は全世界を核にし、日本の上乗せは任意です。\n国・通貨の集中、業種の違い、身近さの偏り、円建て負債との対応、それぞれの役割。\n日本のみは1つの経済・主に円・輸出/工業/金融寄りにさらされます。\n全世界は多くの経済・通貨、より広い技術/ヘルスケア/消費に分散します。\n身近さの偏りで、分散の理屈以上に自国市場が安全に感じられます。\n円の自国寄りは将来の円支出に合いやすく、全世界は総リスクをよく分散します。\nよくある構成は、全世界を核に、任意で控えめな日本の上乗せです。\n集中と通貨\n核心の違いは幅です。日本のみは、結果を1つの経済・1つの政治規制体制・主に円に結び付けます。全世界は多くの経済・通貨を保有し、単一の国の運不運が支配しません。経済や通貨の数という点で、全世界は単純により分散されています。\n業種構成も続きます。日本市場は工業・金融・輸出の露出が大きく、全世界指数はより広い技術・ヘルスケア・消費を加えます。どちらが「良い」ではありませんが、挙動が異なり、一方だけを持つとその一つのプロファイルにさらされます。\n身近さの偏りと円建て負債\n知っているものを過大に持つのは自然です。身近さで自国株が安全に感じられますが、安心は分散ではありません——馴染みの銘柄だけでも高度に集中し得ます。自国バイアスを認識することが、既定ではなく意図的に配分する第一歩です。\nある程度の日本寄りには正当な理由があります。将来の支出——家賃・教育・老後——が円なら、円建て資産はその負債により直接対応し、通貨の不一致を減らします。これは日本や円の露出を一部持つ理由であり、全世界の分散を捨てる理由ではありません。\n妥当な役割\n広く使われる構成は、全世界（オールカントリー）株式を核の分散とし、任意で控えめな日本の上乗せや円連動の部分を、自国支出に合わせて組み合わせるものです。これは広範な成長を取り込みつつ、円で暮らし支出する現実を認めます。\nどちらを選んでも、全世界の主な追加リスク——外貨・地政学・バリュエーションのばらつき——と、日本のみの主なリスク——自国集中——を覚えておきます。判断は、どちらの市場が勝つかの予測ではなく、目標に合わせてどのリスクを持つ方が良いかです。","url":"/ja/investing/japan-vs-global-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks:ja","entityId":"guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本株への投資","plainText":"日本株は東京証券取引所で単元（通常100株）で売買されますが、単元未満株サービスで少なく買えます。広い露出はTOPIXやNikkei 225で得られ、対象銘柄はNISAの成長投資枠で持てます。\n東京証券取引所、売買単位と単元未満株、TOPIXとNikkei、配当と株主優待、NISA。\n株式は東証で通常100株単位で売買。単元未満株サービスで少額購入も可能。\nTOPIXは広く時価総額加重、Nikkei 225は株価加重でより集中的です。\n日本企業は配当を払い、一部は株主優待を提供します。\n対象の個別株はNISAの成長投資枠に入り、つみたて枠には入りません。\n個別株は企業固有リスクを集中させ、広い投信はそれを分散します。\n取引所と売買単位\n日本の上場株式は東京証券取引所で、通常100株の単元で売買されるため、株価3,000円なら1単元は30万円です。少額で投資するため、多くの証券会社は単元未満株サービスを提供し、1単元未満で買えますが、価格や対象銘柄は会社ごとに異なります。\n注文は成行（利用可能な価格で速やかに約定）か指値（指定価格以上でのみ約定）です。違いの理解は重要で、成行は約定しやすいが価格は不確実、指値は価格を管理できるが約定しないことがあります。\nTOPIX・Nikkei・配当・優待\n広い日本株の露出には2つの指数が主流です。TOPIXは市場の広い範囲を時価総額加重で捉えます。Nikkei 225は株価加重で、少数の高株価銘柄に集中するため、両者は挙動が異なり得ます。インデックス投信・ETFが各々を追随し、日本の露出を求める多くの投資家は個別株選びより広い市場の投信を使います。\n日本企業は一般に配当を払い、多くが株主優待（物品・金券・割引）を提供します。優待は魅力的ですが投資判断を左右すべきではありません。券より、原資産の事業の経済性とバリュエーションのほうがはるかに重要です。\nNISAと投資方法の選択\n対象の個別日本株は、つみたて枠（選定投信専用）ではなくNISAの成長投資枠で買えます。広い日本のインデックス投信・ETFは、対象可否により両枠のいずれにも入り得ます。配当をNISAで非課税に保つには株式数比例配分方式が必要です。\n個別株を選ぶなら、分散された核の上に意図的で限定的な部分として扱います——事業の経済性・ガバナンス・財務・バリュエーションのファンダメンタル分析は難しく、1社が恒久的損失を被り得ます。よくある誤りは、勤務先の株や少数の馴染みブランドにポートフォリオ全体を集中させることです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investing-in-japanese-stocks","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:investment-products-japan","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:active-vs-passive-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"日本株は東京証券取引所で単元（通常100株）で売買されますが、単元未満株サービスで少なく買えます。広い露出はTOPIXやNikkei 225で得られ、対象銘柄はNISAの成長投資枠で持てます。\n東京証券取引所、売買単位と単元未満株、TOPIXとNikkei、配当と株主優待、NISA。\n株式は東証で通常100株単位で売買。単元未満株サービスで少額購入も可能。\nTOPIXは広く時価総額加重、Nikkei 225は株価加重でより集中的です。\n日本企業は配当を払い、一部は株主優待を提供します。\n対象の個別株はNISAの成長投資枠に入り、つみたて枠には入りません。\n個別株は企業固有リスクを集中させ、広い投信はそれを分散します。\n取引所と売買単位\n日本の上場株式は東京証券取引所で、通常100株の単元で売買されるため、株価3,000円なら1単元は30万円です。少額で投資するため、多くの証券会社は単元未満株サービスを提供し、1単元未満で買えますが、価格や対象銘柄は会社ごとに異なります。\n注文は成行（利用可能な価格で速やかに約定）か指値（指定価格以上でのみ約定）です。違いの理解は重要で、成行は約定しやすいが価格は不確実、指値は価格を管理できるが約定しないことがあります。\nTOPIX・Nikkei・配当・優待\n広い日本株の露出には2つの指数が主流です。TOPIXは市場の広い範囲を時価総額加重で捉えます。Nikkei 225は株価加重で、少数の高株価銘柄に集中するため、両者は挙動が異なり得ます。インデックス投信・ETFが各々を追随し、日本の露出を求める多くの投資家は個別株選びより広い市場の投信を使います。\n日本企業は一般に配当を払い、多くが株主優待（物品・金券・割引）を提供します。優待は魅力的ですが投資判断を左右すべきではありません。券より、原資産の事業の経済性とバリュエーションのほうがはるかに重要です。\nNISAと投資方法の選択\n対象の個別日本株は、つみたて枠（選定投信専用）ではなくNISAの成長投資枠で買えます。広い日本のインデックス投信・ETFは、対象可否により両枠のいずれにも入り得ます。配当をNISAで非課税に保つには株式数比例配分方式が必要です。\n個別株を選ぶなら、分散された核の上に意図的で限定的な部分として扱います——事業の経済性・ガバナンス・財務・バリュエーションのファンダメンタル分析は難しく、1社が恒久的損失を被り得ます。よくある誤りは、勤務先の株や少数の馴染みブランドにポートフォリオ全体を集中させることです。","url":"/ja/investing/investing-in-japanese-stocks","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:us-stocks-from-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:us-stocks-from-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本から米国株に投資する","plainText":"主要な証券会社は米国株・ETFに対応します。円をドルに両替し（為替スプレッド）、手数料を払い（課税口座は多くが0.495%・上限22米ドル、対象のNISA商品は0円）、米国配当はNISAでも米国で源泉徴収されます。米国納税者は別途米国での報告が生じます。\n証券会社の対応、円からドルへの両替、手数料、配当と源泉徴収、NISA、米国納税者の注意点。\nSBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・IBKR証券が米国株・ETFに対応。取扱銘柄は会社ごとに異なります。\n円をドルに両替し為替スプレッドを負担。リアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社もあります。\n課税口座の米国株手数料は多くが0.495%・上限22米ドル。NISA対象の米国商品は0円のことも。\n米国配当はNISA内でも米国で源泉徴収されます。NISAが消すのは日本の税だけです。\n米国納税者は別途米国での報告が生じ、一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を制限します。\n証券会社の対応とコスト\n日本からの米国株・ETF購入は、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券などで十分対応していますが、取扱銘柄の一覧は会社ごとに異なります。購入には通常、円を米ドルに両替し為替スプレッドがかかります。リアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社もありますが、思い込まず現行の両替条件を確認してください。\n手数料は、課税口座で約定代金の約0.495%・上限約22米ドルとする会社が複数あります。NISA対象の米国株・ETFは手数料0円のことも。いつも通り「手数料無料」は「コスト0」ではありません。スプレッド・市場/規制手数料・両替は残ります。\n配当・源泉徴収・NISA\n米国配当は米国の源泉徴収を伴い、NISAで保有していても残ります——NISAが消すのは日本の税で米国の税ではありません。そのNISA所得には日本の税がないため、通常の外国税額控除では米国の源泉徴収を取り戻せないことがあり、NISAで米国配当が完全非課税と決めつけず、源泉徴収後の利回りで試算してください。\nNISA外では、米国配当・利益は米国の源泉徴収の可能性と日本の税の両方に直面し、日本での確定申告で外国税額控除を受けられます。対象の米国株・ETFは、証券会社が対応すればNISAの成長投資枠で持てますが、商品ごとに対象可否を確認してください。\n米国納税者と越境の注意\n米国市民・グリーンカード保有者・その他の米国納税者は、日本での扱いに関わらず米国（およびすべて）の投資所得について別途米国で報告し、一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を制限します——例えば楽天は米国人が同社の外国株商品を取引できないとしています。これらは商業・規制上の方針で、普遍的なNISAの規則ではありません。\n米国人には、米国籍ETFや個別証券のほうが、PFIC問題を避けられるため日本の投信より単純なことが多いです——ただし米国の税・外国税額控除・FBAR・Form 8938・米国所在資産の遺産税を含む個別の越境助言の後で判断すべきです。明細は円と米ドルの両方で保管してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/us-stocks-from-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:currency-risk-yen","guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","guide:japan-vs-global-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/commission/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"主要な証券会社は米国株・ETFに対応します。円をドルに両替し（為替スプレッド）、手数料を払い（課税口座は多くが0.495%・上限22米ドル、対象のNISA商品は0円）、米国配当はNISAでも米国で源泉徴収されます。米国納税者は別途米国での報告が生じます。\n証券会社の対応、円からドルへの両替、手数料、配当と源泉徴収、NISA、米国納税者の注意点。\nSBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・IBKR証券が米国株・ETFに対応。取扱銘柄は会社ごとに異なります。\n円をドルに両替し為替スプレッドを負担。リアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社もあります。\n課税口座の米国株手数料は多くが0.495%・上限22米ドル。NISA対象の米国商品は0円のことも。\n米国配当はNISA内でも米国で源泉徴収されます。NISAが消すのは日本の税だけです。\n米国納税者は別途米国での報告が生じ、一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を制限します。\n証券会社の対応とコスト\n日本からの米国株・ETF購入は、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券などで十分対応していますが、取扱銘柄の一覧は会社ごとに異なります。購入には通常、円を米ドルに両替し為替スプレッドがかかります。リアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社もありますが、思い込まず現行の両替条件を確認してください。\n手数料は、課税口座で約定代金の約0.495%・上限約22米ドルとする会社が複数あります。NISA対象の米国株・ETFは手数料0円のことも。いつも通り「手数料無料」は「コスト0」ではありません。スプレッド・市場/規制手数料・両替は残ります。\n配当・源泉徴収・NISA\n米国配当は米国の源泉徴収を伴い、NISAで保有していても残ります——NISAが消すのは日本の税で米国の税ではありません。そのNISA所得には日本の税がないため、通常の外国税額控除では米国の源泉徴収を取り戻せないことがあり、NISAで米国配当が完全非課税と決めつけず、源泉徴収後の利回りで試算してください。\nNISA外では、米国配当・利益は米国の源泉徴収の可能性と日本の税の両方に直面し、日本での確定申告で外国税額控除を受けられます。対象の米国株・ETFは、証券会社が対応すればNISAの成長投資枠で持てますが、商品ごとに対象可否を確認してください。\n米国納税者と越境の注意\n米国市民・グリーンカード保有者・その他の米国納税者は、日本での扱いに関わらず米国（およびすべて）の投資所得について別途米国で報告し、一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を制限します——例えば楽天は米国人が同社の外国株商品を取引できないとしています。これらは商業・規制上の方針で、普遍的なNISAの規則ではありません。\n米国人には、米国籍ETFや個別証券のほうが、PFIC問題を避けられるため日本の投信より単純なことが多いです——ただし米国の税・外国税額控除・FBAR・Form 8938・米国所在資産の遺産税を含む個別の越境助言の後で判断すべきです。明細は円と米ドルの両方で保管してください。","url":"/ja/investing/us-stocks-from-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:high-dividend-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:high-dividend-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本での高配当投資","plainText":"高い配当利回りは自動的に安全でも有利でもありません。株価下落や持続不能な配当を反映することがあり、高配当戦略は業種を集中させます。利回りだけでなくトータルリターンに注目し、税務に留意します。\n配当利回りと利回りの罠、業種集中、トータルリターンと分配、税・NISAの考慮点。\n配当利回り＝配当÷株価。株価下落は機械的に利回りを上げます（利回りの罠）。\n高配当の投信・ETFは、成熟した配当支払い業種に集中しがちです。\nトータルリターン（価格変化＋分配）は、表面利回りより重要です。\n分配はタダのお金ではありません——支払時に資産価値は通常下方調整されます。\nNISAでは、株式・ETF・REITの配当は株式数比例配分方式でないと非課税になりません。\n利回りと利回りの罠\n配当利回りは、年間配当を株価で割ったものです。分母が株価のため、株価が下がっただけで利回りは上がります——ときに市場が減配を予想しているサインです。これが典型的な「利回りの罠」で、最高利回りを追うと、高利回りが寛大さではなく問題を反映する企業に入り込みかねません。\nよって高利回りは安全の証拠ではありません。今どれだけ大きく見えるかではなく、配当が利益とキャッシュフローから持続可能かを評価します。健全な事業の、無理のない中程度の配当は、苦境の企業の表面利回りよりはるかに信頼できます。\n集中とトータルリターン\n高配当の投信・ETFは利回りでスクリーニングするため、成熟した配当支払い業種に集中し、低利回りの成長分野から離れがちです。これは意図しないファクター・業種の偏りを生みます——「高配当」投信は、市場の一部への実質アクティブな賭けであり、中立で分散された保有ではありません。\nより有用な視点はトータルリターン、すなわち価格変化と分配の合計です。分配はタダのリターンではありません——投信や企業が払い出すと、その分だけ価値は通常下方調整され、収益と元本は表裏一体です。長期の資産形成では、収益を内部で再投資する広い投信のほうが、高分配戦略より単純に複利が効きます。\n税・NISA・退職の誤解\n収益戦略には税が効きます。NISA外では配当は通常20.315%課税され、頻繁な分配は繰り返し課税イベントを生みます。NISA内では、株式・ETF・REITの配当を非課税にするには株式数比例配分方式が必要で、外国配当は源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。\n最後に、配当で退職資金をまかなうべきという誤解があります。高配当証券だけに頼るとリスクが集中し、利回りの罠に陥りかねません。トータルリターンの考え方——分散したポートフォリオを持ち、必要に応じて少しずつ売る——は、収益追求より頑健で分散されることが多いです。収益には役割がありますが、自動的に安全ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/high-dividend-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-dividends","guide:investment-products-japan","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:reits-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"高い配当利回りは自動的に安全でも有利でもありません。株価下落や持続不能な配当を反映することがあり、高配当戦略は業種を集中させます。利回りだけでなくトータルリターンに注目し、税務に留意します。\n配当利回りと利回りの罠、業種集中、トータルリターンと分配、税・NISAの考慮点。\n配当利回り＝配当÷株価。株価下落は機械的に利回りを上げます（利回りの罠）。\n高配当の投信・ETFは、成熟した配当支払い業種に集中しがちです。\nトータルリターン（価格変化＋分配）は、表面利回りより重要です。\n分配はタダのお金ではありません——支払時に資産価値は通常下方調整されます。\nNISAでは、株式・ETF・REITの配当は株式数比例配分方式でないと非課税になりません。\n利回りと利回りの罠\n配当利回りは、年間配当を株価で割ったものです。分母が株価のため、株価が下がっただけで利回りは上がります——ときに市場が減配を予想しているサインです。これが典型的な「利回りの罠」で、最高利回りを追うと、高利回りが寛大さではなく問題を反映する企業に入り込みかねません。\nよって高利回りは安全の証拠ではありません。今どれだけ大きく見えるかではなく、配当が利益とキャッシュフローから持続可能かを評価します。健全な事業の、無理のない中程度の配当は、苦境の企業の表面利回りよりはるかに信頼できます。\n集中とトータルリターン\n高配当の投信・ETFは利回りでスクリーニングするため、成熟した配当支払い業種に集中し、低利回りの成長分野から離れがちです。これは意図しないファクター・業種の偏りを生みます——「高配当」投信は、市場の一部への実質アクティブな賭けであり、中立で分散された保有ではありません。\nより有用な視点はトータルリターン、すなわち価格変化と分配の合計です。分配はタダのリターンではありません——投信や企業が払い出すと、その分だけ価値は通常下方調整され、収益と元本は表裏一体です。長期の資産形成では、収益を内部で再投資する広い投信のほうが、高分配戦略より単純に複利が効きます。\n税・NISA・退職の誤解\n収益戦略には税が効きます。NISA外では配当は通常20.315%課税され、頻繁な分配は繰り返し課税イベントを生みます。NISA内では、株式・ETF・REITの配当を非課税にするには株式数比例配分方式が必要で、外国配当は源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。\n最後に、配当で退職資金をまかなうべきという誤解があります。高配当証券だけに頼るとリスクが集中し、利回りの罠に陥りかねません。トータルリターンの考え方——分散したポートフォリオを持ち、必要に応じて少しずつ売る——は、収益追求より頑健で分散されることが多いです。収益には役割がありますが、自動的に安全ではありません。","url":"/ja/investing/high-dividend-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:reits-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:reits-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"REITファンドとJ-REIT","plainText":"REITは収益不動産を保有する上場信託で、不動産の露出と収益を与えますが、株式並みの変動を持ち金利とレバレッジに敏感です。安全な債券の代わりではなく、サテライトの保有です。\nREITとは何か、日本と全世界、金利感応度、レバレッジと不動産リスク、ポートフォリオでの役割。\nREIT（不動産投資信託）は収益不動産を保有し、株式のように売買されます。\nJ-REITは日本、全世界REIT投信は外国不動産と通貨露出を加えます。\nREITは金利に敏感で、金利上昇はしばしば価格を圧迫します。\nレバレッジと不動産セクターの集中が、通常の株式を超えるリスクを加えます。\nREITは分散と収益のサテライトとして扱い、安全な債券の代わりにしません。\nREITとは\nREIT（不動産投資信託）は、収益不動産——オフィス・商業・物流・住宅・ホテル——を保有・運用し、賃料収入を投資家に渡す上場または非上場の信託です。取引所（J-REIT）やファンドを通じて売買されるため、建物を直接買うコストや流動性の低さなしに不動産の露出を得られます。\nREITは、個別の上場J-REIT、広いJ-REIT ETF、またはREITファンド（日本または全世界）で保有できます。全世界REIT投信は外国不動産を加え、ヘッジなしのため不動産リスクの上に外貨露出も加わります。\n金利感応度・レバレッジ・変動\nREITは金利に著しく敏感です。借入に依存し、収益が市場利回りに対して評価されるため、金利上昇はしばしばREIT価格を圧迫し、低下は支えになり得ます。この金利連動により、REITは広い株式が安定していても下落し得て、その逆もあります。\nまたレバレッジ（不動産購入のための借入）を使い、特定の不動産セクターに集中し得て、どちらもリスクを増幅します。実際にREITは株式並みの変動を示し、大きな下落を被り得ます。収益志向ですが、その収益は現実の元本リスクを伴います。\nポートフォリオでの役割\nよくある誤りは、REITを安全で債券のような収益源と捉えることです。そうではありません。株式並みの変動と金利感応度により、REITは安定の錨ではなく成長/収益資産です。ポートフォリオの変動を下げる・円建て負債に合わせるのが目的なら、それは安全な債券や現金の役割で、REITは代わりになりません。\n意図的に使えば、控えめなREIT配分は分散（不動産のリターンは広い株式と同一ではない）と収益をポートフォリオに加えられます。サテライトとして配分し、金利とレバレッジのリスクを理解し、NISAで持つなら対象可否と配当の受取方法を確認します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/reits-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:high-dividend-investing","guide:investment-products-japan","guide:diversification-asset-allocation"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"REITは収益不動産を保有する上場信託で、不動産の露出と収益を与えますが、株式並みの変動を持ち金利とレバレッジに敏感です。安全な債券の代わりではなく、サテライトの保有です。\nREITとは何か、日本と全世界、金利感応度、レバレッジと不動産リスク、ポートフォリオでの役割。\nREIT（不動産投資信託）は収益不動産を保有し、株式のように売買されます。\nJ-REITは日本、全世界REIT投信は外国不動産と通貨露出を加えます。\nREITは金利に敏感で、金利上昇はしばしば価格を圧迫します。\nレバレッジと不動産セクターの集中が、通常の株式を超えるリスクを加えます。\nREITは分散と収益のサテライトとして扱い、安全な債券の代わりにしません。\nREITとは\nREIT（不動産投資信託）は、収益不動産——オフィス・商業・物流・住宅・ホテル——を保有・運用し、賃料収入を投資家に渡す上場または非上場の信託です。取引所（J-REIT）やファンドを通じて売買されるため、建物を直接買うコストや流動性の低さなしに不動産の露出を得られます。\nREITは、個別の上場J-REIT、広いJ-REIT ETF、またはREITファンド（日本または全世界）で保有できます。全世界REIT投信は外国不動産を加え、ヘッジなしのため不動産リスクの上に外貨露出も加わります。\n金利感応度・レバレッジ・変動\nREITは金利に著しく敏感です。借入に依存し、収益が市場利回りに対して評価されるため、金利上昇はしばしばREIT価格を圧迫し、低下は支えになり得ます。この金利連動により、REITは広い株式が安定していても下落し得て、その逆もあります。\nまたレバレッジ（不動産購入のための借入）を使い、特定の不動産セクターに集中し得て、どちらもリスクを増幅します。実際にREITは株式並みの変動を示し、大きな下落を被り得ます。収益志向ですが、その収益は現実の元本リスクを伴います。\nポートフォリオでの役割\nよくある誤りは、REITを安全で債券のような収益源と捉えることです。そうではありません。株式並みの変動と金利感応度により、REITは安定の錨ではなく成長/収益資産です。ポートフォリオの変動を下げる・円建て負債に合わせるのが目的なら、それは安全な債券や現金の役割で、REITは代わりになりません。\n意図的に使えば、控えめなREIT配分は分散（不動産のリターンは広い株式と同一ではない）と収益をポートフォリオに加えられます。サテライトとして配分し、金利とレバレッジのリスクを理解し、NISAで持つなら対象可否と配当の受取方法を確認します。","url":"/ja/investing/reits-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ideco-complete-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:ideco-complete-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"iDeCo完全ガイド","plainText":"iDeCoは私的な確定拠出年金で、掛金は原則全額所得控除、運用益は課税繰延です。代わりに受給年齢まで資金を固定します。上限は雇用形態と企業年金の加入状況で変わります。\n加入資格、拠出限度、3つの税制優遇、商品ラインナップ、手数料、引き出し制限、今後の改正。\n3つの税制優遇：掛金の所得控除、運用益の課税繰延、受取時の退職・年金控除。\n最低掛金は通常月5,000円・1,000円単位。上限は年金の区分で変わります。\n資金は原則受給年齢まで固定——緊急の引き出しは不可。\n運営管理機関のメニューから選択。口座・商品の手数料に注意。\n2026年12月からの改正で一部上限が拡大——加入時に最新値を確認。\n3つの税制優遇\niDeCo（個人型確定拠出年金）は、3つの税制優遇を持つ私的な確定拠出年金です。第一に、掛金は原則全額所得控除となり、その年の所得税・住民税を減らします——限界税率に応じて効く、即時で確実な利点です。第二に、運用益は当年課税なしで積み上がります（課税繰延）。第三に、最終的に受け取る際に退職・年金控除が適用され得ます。\nこの掛金控除が、高所得者でiDeCoをNISAより優先させ得る理由です。NISAの利点は非課税成長で、iDeCoは今日の確実な控除を加えます。トレードオフは流動性で、以下で述べます。\n加入資格・上限・手数料\n大半の就労世代の居住者が加入できますが、拠出上限は年金の区分によります——自営業（第1号）、会社員（第2号）、被扶養配偶者（第3号）で上限が異なり、勤務先の確定拠出・確定給付の制度はiDeCoの枠を減らし得ます。最低掛金は通常月5,000円・1,000円単位です。\n運用は運営管理機関のメニュー——通常は低コストのインデックス投信に加え、ターゲットデートや元本確保型——から行います。手数料に注意します。iDeCoは投信の費用に加え、口座管理・事務の手数料がかかるため、低コストの運営管理機関と低コストの投信が数十年の期間で効きます。\n引き出し制限と今後の改正\n決定的な制約はロックアップです。iDeCoの資金は原則受給年齢まで引き出せず、緊急の引き出しはできません。だからiDeCoは退職前に使わないと確信できる資金に向き、完全に柔軟なNISAが一般の貯蓄では先に来がちです。勤務先制度との関係や受取時の課税も重要で、受け取り方（一時金か年金か）で適用される控除が変わります。\n規則は変わります。2026年12月からの改正で一部の拠出上限が拡大します。その時期に加入する人は、改正前の数値ではなく実施後の数値を確認し、勤務先制度との関係も確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/ideco-complete-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:nisa-when-not-first","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/nationalpension/nationalpension.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/employeespension/employee.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"iDeCoは私的な確定拠出年金で、掛金は原則全額所得控除、運用益は課税繰延です。代わりに受給年齢まで資金を固定します。上限は雇用形態と企業年金の加入状況で変わります。\n加入資格、拠出限度、3つの税制優遇、商品ラインナップ、手数料、引き出し制限、今後の改正。\n3つの税制優遇：掛金の所得控除、運用益の課税繰延、受取時の退職・年金控除。\n最低掛金は通常月5,000円・1,000円単位。上限は年金の区分で変わります。\n資金は原則受給年齢まで固定——緊急の引き出しは不可。\n運営管理機関のメニューから選択。口座・商品の手数料に注意。\n2026年12月からの改正で一部上限が拡大——加入時に最新値を確認。\n3つの税制優遇\niDeCo（個人型確定拠出年金）は、3つの税制優遇を持つ私的な確定拠出年金です。第一に、掛金は原則全額所得控除となり、その年の所得税・住民税を減らします——限界税率に応じて効く、即時で確実な利点です。第二に、運用益は当年課税なしで積み上がります（課税繰延）。第三に、最終的に受け取る際に退職・年金控除が適用され得ます。\nこの掛金控除が、高所得者でiDeCoをNISAより優先させ得る理由です。NISAの利点は非課税成長で、iDeCoは今日の確実な控除を加えます。トレードオフは流動性で、以下で述べます。\n加入資格・上限・手数料\n大半の就労世代の居住者が加入できますが、拠出上限は年金の区分によります——自営業（第1号）、会社員（第2号）、被扶養配偶者（第3号）で上限が異なり、勤務先の確定拠出・確定給付の制度はiDeCoの枠を減らし得ます。最低掛金は通常月5,000円・1,000円単位です。\n運用は運営管理機関のメニュー——通常は低コストのインデックス投信に加え、ターゲットデートや元本確保型——から行います。手数料に注意します。iDeCoは投信の費用に加え、口座管理・事務の手数料がかかるため、低コストの運営管理機関と低コストの投信が数十年の期間で効きます。\n引き出し制限と今後の改正\n決定的な制約はロックアップです。iDeCoの資金は原則受給年齢まで引き出せず、緊急の引き出しはできません。だからiDeCoは退職前に使わないと確信できる資金に向き、完全に柔軟なNISAが一般の貯蓄では先に来がちです。勤務先制度との関係や受取時の課税も重要で、受け取り方（一時金か年金か）で適用される控除が変わります。\n規則は変わります。2026年12月からの改正で一部の拠出上限が拡大します。その時期に加入する人は、改正前の数値ではなく実施後の数値を確認し、勤務先制度との関係も確認してください。","url":"/ja/investing/ideco-complete-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japanese-government-bonds:ja","entityId":"guide:japanese-government-bonds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"個人向け国債","plainText":"個人向け国債は固定3年・固定5年・変動10年があり、最低1万円・毎月発行・政府による元本保証・下限金利付きです。1年経過後に、直前2回分の利子相当額を差し引いて中途換金できます。\n固定3年・固定5年・変動10年の個人向け国債——最低額・利息・中途換金、預金や債券投信との比較。\n3種類：固定3年・固定5年・変動10年（金利は市場金利で見直し）。\n最低1万円、毎月発行、下限金利（フロア）付き。\n元本は政府により保護され、利子は課税対象です。\n中途換金は1年経過後に可能で、直前2回分の利子相当額を差し引きます。\n国債は安定志向の資金に向きます。期待リターンは低く、インフレが実質価値を削ります。\n3つの種類\n個人向け国債は3種類あります。固定3年・固定5年は期間中の金利を固定し、予測可能な利息を与えます。変動10年は市場金利に応じて定期的に金利を見直すため、利息は時とともに上下し得ます。3種類とも毎月発行されるため、特別な募集を待つ必要はありません。\n財務省の公式資料は、最低1万円と下限金利（フロア）の仕組みを定めており、市場金利が非常に低くても金利は定められた下限を下回りません。利子は通常どおり課税されます。\n元本と中途換金\n重要な特徴は、元本が政府により保護されることです。満期には1万円単位の元本が全額戻ります。中途換金は1年保有後に可能ですが、ペナルティがあります——直前2回分の利子相当額が受取額から差し引かれます。よって国債は1年経過後は換金可能で、コストは小さめです。\nこの組み合わせ——政府保証の元本・小さな最低額・毎月発行・金利フロア——により、個人向け国債は保守的な商品になります。ただし期待リターンは低く、すべての円建て固定資産と同様にインフレリスクを持ちます。物価が利息より速く上がれば、実質購買力は下がり得ます。\n国債と預金・債券投信の比較\n定期預金と比べ、国債は預金保険の1行1,000万円の上限を超える政府保証と毎月の入手性を持ちますが、定期預金は同等以上の金利や簡単な仕組みを提供し得ます。債券投信と比べ、満期保有なら国債は市場価格の変動がなく手数料もありませんが、債券投信は価格が変動し、より長い年限や外国債券を保有し得て、通貨や運用者の考慮が加わります。\n国債はNISAの対象外です。NISAは、普通の国債ではなく株式・投信・対象の上場証券のためのものです。個人向け国債は、政府レベルの安全性とそこそこの流動性を求める資金の安定手段と考え、成長のエンジンとは考えないでください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/japanese-government-bonds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:saving-vs-investing","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:investment-products-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"財務省","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/jgbs/individual/kojinmuke/","official":true},{"publisher":"預金保険機構","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"個人向け国債は固定3年・固定5年・変動10年があり、最低1万円・毎月発行・政府による元本保証・下限金利付きです。1年経過後に、直前2回分の利子相当額を差し引いて中途換金できます。\n固定3年・固定5年・変動10年の個人向け国債——最低額・利息・中途換金、預金や債券投信との比較。\n3種類：固定3年・固定5年・変動10年（金利は市場金利で見直し）。\n最低1万円、毎月発行、下限金利（フロア）付き。\n元本は政府により保護され、利子は課税対象です。\n中途換金は1年経過後に可能で、直前2回分の利子相当額を差し引きます。\n国債は安定志向の資金に向きます。期待リターンは低く、インフレが実質価値を削ります。\n3つの種類\n個人向け国債は3種類あります。固定3年・固定5年は期間中の金利を固定し、予測可能な利息を与えます。変動10年は市場金利に応じて定期的に金利を見直すため、利息は時とともに上下し得ます。3種類とも毎月発行されるため、特別な募集を待つ必要はありません。\n財務省の公式資料は、最低1万円と下限金利（フロア）の仕組みを定めており、市場金利が非常に低くても金利は定められた下限を下回りません。利子は通常どおり課税されます。\n元本と中途換金\n重要な特徴は、元本が政府により保護されることです。満期には1万円単位の元本が全額戻ります。中途換金は1年保有後に可能ですが、ペナルティがあります——直前2回分の利子相当額が受取額から差し引かれます。よって国債は1年経過後は換金可能で、コストは小さめです。\nこの組み合わせ——政府保証の元本・小さな最低額・毎月発行・金利フロア——により、個人向け国債は保守的な商品になります。ただし期待リターンは低く、すべての円建て固定資産と同様にインフレリスクを持ちます。物価が利息より速く上がれば、実質購買力は下がり得ます。\n国債と預金・債券投信の比較\n定期預金と比べ、国債は預金保険の1行1,000万円の上限を超える政府保証と毎月の入手性を持ちますが、定期預金は同等以上の金利や簡単な仕組みを提供し得ます。債券投信と比べ、満期保有なら国債は市場価格の変動がなく手数料もありませんが、債券投信は価格が変動し、より長い年限や外国債券を保有し得て、通貨や運用者の考慮が加わります。\n国債はNISAの対象外です。NISAは、普通の国債ではなく株式・投信・対象の上場証券のためのものです。個人向け国債は、政府レベルの安全性とそこそこの流動性を求める資金の安定手段と考え、成長のエンジンとは考えないでください。","url":"/ja/investing/japanese-government-bonds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:credit-card-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:credit-card-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のクレカ積立","plainText":"クレカ積立は、提携カードで毎月の投信積立（通常月10万円まで）を決済しポイントを得られますが、価値はカード年会費と利用条件に大きく左右されます。還元からカードコストを差し引いて計算し、ポイント目当てで誤った投信を選ばないでください。\nクレカ積立の仕組み、月間上限、還元率とカード年会費、対象ファンド、実質価値の計算方法。\n提携クレジットカードで毎月の投信積立を決済。上限は通常月10万円程度。\n還元率はカードで異なり、しばしば年間の非投資利用額やプレミアムカードの年会費に依存します。\n月10万円に対する1%還元は年12,000円——年会費33,000円で容易に相殺されます。\n対象ファンド・証券会社は個別。対応会社ではNISA内でクレカ積立が可能。\nポイントは手数料の割戻しであり投資の根拠ではありません。投信選びは単独で成り立つ必要があります。\nクレカ積立の仕組み\n複数の証券会社では、毎月の投信積立を、銀行からの現金ではなく指定の提携クレジットカードで決済できます——これが「クレカ積立」です。投資額に対しカードのポイントが付き、対応会社ではNISA内で買付できることも多いです。月額は通常10万円程度が上限です。\n主なエコシステムに、SBI×SMBC/Oliveカード、楽天証券×楽天カード、マネックス×dカード、三菱UFJ eスマート×MUFGカードやau PAYカード、PayPay証券×PayPayカードがあります。各社は証券会社とカードプログラムを組み合わせ、還元の仕組みは大きく異なります。\n還元率とカード年会費\n還元率こそ宣伝が複雑になる部分です。公表される率は、一部の基本カードでほぼ0から、プレミアムカードで大幅に高い率まで幅があり、しばしばカードの年間非投資利用額、カードの区分、初年度のキャンペーンといった条件に依存します。報告例には、標準カードで約0.5%、プレミアムカードでより高い率（約1〜2%以上まで）、そして継続率ではない目を引く初年度・キャンペーン率があります。\n継続率を一時的・初年度のボーナスと分け、常にカードの年会費を差し引きます。宣伝された上限は条件付きのマーケティングであり、毎月実際に得られる率ではないと捉えてください。\n実質価値の計算\n決める前に計算します。月10万円に対する1%還元は年12,000円です。その還元だけのために年会費33,000円を払うのは、カードの他の特典がどのみち使う本物の価値を少なくともあと21,000円提供しない限り不合理です。原則：還元−カード年会費−本来しない追加利用、で計算します。\nそしてポイントに投資を決めさせないこと。ポイントは手数料の小さな割戻しで、劣った投信や計画に合わない投信を買う理由ではありません。まず口座・配分・投信を選び、その上で既に価値を感じるカードがたまたま良い積立率を提供するなら、ポイントは控えめなボーナスとして扱います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/credit-card-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:robo-advisors-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://go.sbisec.co.jp/prd/fund/creditcard/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/fund/saving/card.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex Securities","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/fund/card-tsumitate/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"クレカ積立は、提携カードで毎月の投信積立（通常月10万円まで）を決済しポイントを得られますが、価値はカード年会費と利用条件に大きく左右されます。還元からカードコストを差し引いて計算し、ポイント目当てで誤った投信を選ばないでください。\nクレカ積立の仕組み、月間上限、還元率とカード年会費、対象ファンド、実質価値の計算方法。\n提携クレジットカードで毎月の投信積立を決済。上限は通常月10万円程度。\n還元率はカードで異なり、しばしば年間の非投資利用額やプレミアムカードの年会費に依存します。\n月10万円に対する1%還元は年12,000円——年会費33,000円で容易に相殺されます。\n対象ファンド・証券会社は個別。対応会社ではNISA内でクレカ積立が可能。\nポイントは手数料の割戻しであり投資の根拠ではありません。投信選びは単独で成り立つ必要があります。\nクレカ積立の仕組み\n複数の証券会社では、毎月の投信積立を、銀行からの現金ではなく指定の提携クレジットカードで決済できます——これが「クレカ積立」です。投資額に対しカードのポイントが付き、対応会社ではNISA内で買付できることも多いです。月額は通常10万円程度が上限です。\n主なエコシステムに、SBI×SMBC/Oliveカード、楽天証券×楽天カード、マネックス×dカード、三菱UFJ eスマート×MUFGカードやau PAYカード、PayPay証券×PayPayカードがあります。各社は証券会社とカードプログラムを組み合わせ、還元の仕組みは大きく異なります。\n還元率とカード年会費\n還元率こそ宣伝が複雑になる部分です。公表される率は、一部の基本カードでほぼ0から、プレミアムカードで大幅に高い率まで幅があり、しばしばカードの年間非投資利用額、カードの区分、初年度のキャンペーンといった条件に依存します。報告例には、標準カードで約0.5%、プレミアムカードでより高い率（約1〜2%以上まで）、そして継続率ではない目を引く初年度・キャンペーン率があります。\n継続率を一時的・初年度のボーナスと分け、常にカードの年会費を差し引きます。宣伝された上限は条件付きのマーケティングであり、毎月実際に得られる率ではないと捉えてください。\n実質価値の計算\n決める前に計算します。月10万円に対する1%還元は年12,000円です。その還元だけのために年会費33,000円を払うのは、カードの他の特典がどのみち使う本物の価値を少なくともあと21,000円提供しない限り不合理です。原則：還元−カード年会費−本来しない追加利用、で計算します。\nそしてポイントに投資を決めさせないこと。ポイントは手数料の小さな割戻しで、劣った投信や計画に合わない投信を買う理由ではありません。まず口座・配分・投信を選び、その上で既に価値を感じるカードがたまたま良い積立率を提供するなら、ポイントは控えめなボーナスとして扱います。","url":"/ja/investing/credit-card-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:robo-advisors-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:robo-advisors-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のロボアドバイザー","plainText":"ロボアドバイザーは、手数料（多くは年約1%）で資産配分とリバランスを自動化しますが、自分で運用するインデックス投信よりはるかに高コストです。悪い行動を防ぐ、または継続コストに見合う計画を提供するときに最も正当化されます。\nロボアドバイザーの役割、手数料の層、NISAでの実装、そして自分で行うインデックス投資との比較。\nロボアドは配分・リバランス、時に税務機能を手数料で自動化します。\n助言手数料は多くが年約1%——加えて投資対象のETF/投信の費用がかかります。\n1,000万円への1%手数料は複利前で年約10万円——数十年では大きなマイナスです。\nNISAの実装は様々：両枠対応、成長枠のみ、連携ファンド経由のみ、など。\nロボアドは、行動を変える・自分ではしない計画を提供するときに最も正当化されます。\nロボアドバイザーの役割\nロボアドバイザーは、目標とリスク許容度を尋ね、分散されたポートフォリオ——通常はETF——を構築して自動維持し、配分・定期的なリバランス・時に税務管理機能を担います。魅力は手軽さで、継続的な判断とリバランスの規律を委ねられます。\n日本のサービスには、ウェルスナビ、SUSTEN、ON COMPASS、THEO、FOLIO ROBOPRO、楽天ラップなどがあります。戦略・手数料体系・NISAの実装が異なり、互換ではありません。\n手数料の層\n核心のトレードオフはコストです。ロボアドは通常、助言（ラップ）手数料——多くは年約1%——を、保有する投資対象ETF・投信の費用に上乗せして徴収します。よって総コストは助言手数料＋商品コストです。公表される手数料体系は幅広く、より低いものや成功報酬型もあります。特定のサービスは現行の数値を確認してください。\n複利により影響は大きくなります。1,000万円への年1%の助言手数料は、複利前・投資対象コスト前で年約10万円で、数十年ではこのマイナスがリターンの大きな部分を食い得ます。自分で運用する低コストのインデックス投信は、その一部のコストで済みます。\nNISAと、ロボアド対自分で運用\nNISAの実装はサービスで異なります。両枠対応、参加機関での成長枠のみ、主な一任口座ではなく連携ファンド経由で間接的にNISAを実装するもの——これは分かりにくい——などです。拠出が税制優遇されると決めつける前に、サービスがNISAをどう使うかを正確に確認してください。\nロボアドは、悪い行動（狼狽売り、リバランスをしない）を防ぐ、一人では維持しない配分を実装する、または本当に手数料に見合う計画を提供するときに最も正当化されます。広い低コストのインデックス投信を1本買って放置できるなら、自分で運用する方法が、同じ分散の大半を一部のコストで得られます。正直な問いは、その自動化と行動管理が、あなたにとって継続手数料に見合うかどうかです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/robo-advisors-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:credit-card-investing","guide:compound-growth"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"ロボアドバイザーは、手数料（多くは年約1%）で資産配分とリバランスを自動化しますが、自分で運用するインデックス投信よりはるかに高コストです。悪い行動を防ぐ、または継続コストに見合う計画を提供するときに最も正当化されます。\nロボアドバイザーの役割、手数料の層、NISAでの実装、そして自分で行うインデックス投資との比較。\nロボアドは配分・リバランス、時に税務機能を手数料で自動化します。\n助言手数料は多くが年約1%——加えて投資対象のETF/投信の費用がかかります。\n1,000万円への1%手数料は複利前で年約10万円——数十年では大きなマイナスです。\nNISAの実装は様々：両枠対応、成長枠のみ、連携ファンド経由のみ、など。\nロボアドは、行動を変える・自分ではしない計画を提供するときに最も正当化されます。\nロボアドバイザーの役割\nロボアドバイザーは、目標とリスク許容度を尋ね、分散されたポートフォリオ——通常はETF——を構築して自動維持し、配分・定期的なリバランス・時に税務管理機能を担います。魅力は手軽さで、継続的な判断とリバランスの規律を委ねられます。\n日本のサービスには、ウェルスナビ、SUSTEN、ON COMPASS、THEO、FOLIO ROBOPRO、楽天ラップなどがあります。戦略・手数料体系・NISAの実装が異なり、互換ではありません。\n手数料の層\n核心のトレードオフはコストです。ロボアドは通常、助言（ラップ）手数料——多くは年約1%——を、保有する投資対象ETF・投信の費用に上乗せして徴収します。よって総コストは助言手数料＋商品コストです。公表される手数料体系は幅広く、より低いものや成功報酬型もあります。特定のサービスは現行の数値を確認してください。\n複利により影響は大きくなります。1,000万円への年1%の助言手数料は、複利前・投資対象コスト前で年約10万円で、数十年ではこのマイナスがリターンの大きな部分を食い得ます。自分で運用する低コストのインデックス投信は、その一部のコストで済みます。\nNISAと、ロボアド対自分で運用\nNISAの実装はサービスで異なります。両枠対応、参加機関での成長枠のみ、主な一任口座ではなく連携ファンド経由で間接的にNISAを実装するもの——これは分かりにくい——などです。拠出が税制優遇されると決めつける前に、サービスがNISAをどう使うかを正確に確認してください。\nロボアドは、悪い行動（狼狽売り、リバランスをしない）を防ぐ、一人では維持しない配分を実装する、または本当に手数料に見合う計画を提供するときに最も正当化されます。広い低コストのインデックス投信を1本買って放置できるなら、自分で運用する方法が、同じ分散の大半を一部のコストで得られます。正直な問いは、その自動化と行動管理が、あなたにとって継続手数料に見合うかどうかです。","url":"/ja/investing/robo-advisors-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:global-equity-funds:ja","entityId":"guide:global-equity-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"全世界株式ファンド","plainText":"全世界株式ファンドは1本で多くの国の株式を保有します。オールカントリー版は先進国・新興国・日本を含み、長期の株式の核を1本で担えます。\nオールカントリーと先進国のみ、日本の有無、新興国、コスト、向く人。\nオールカントリーは先進国・新興国・日本株を1本に含みます。\n先進国のみ版は新興国（時に日本も）を除きます——正確な指数を確認。\n広い全世界1本で、数千社に分散でき手間は最小です。\n多くはヘッジなしで、株式リスクに加え円の為替リスクを持ちます。\n昨年のリターンではなく、指数・コスト・追随・純資産で比べます。\nオールカントリーと先進国のみ\n全世界株式ファンドには大きく2種類あります。オールカントリー（MSCI ACWI型の指数）は、先進国・新興国・日本をまとめて保有し、時価総額で世界の上場株式全体を保有するのに近い1本です。先進国のみのファンドは新興国を除き、一部の先進国指数は日本も除くため、それらを別途加える必要があります。\n簡潔さを求める初心者には、オールカントリーが最もすっきりした株式の核です。新興国や日本の比率を自分で管理したいなら、先進国のみ＋別配分も可能ですが手間が増えます。\nコスト・通貨・取扱\n競争的な日本の全世界株式インデックス投信は信託報酬が非常に低く、複数のシリーズに著名な低コストの選択肢があります。差が小さいため、トラッキング差異（コスト差引後にどれだけ忠実に指数を再現するか）と純資産（大きいほど繰上償還リスクが低い）も重視します。\n多くの全世界ファンドはヘッジなしで、円リターンは世界株式の成績と円相場の両方を反映します。この為替露出は多くの長期投資家にとって意図的な分散ですが、購入前に理解します。取扱は会社ごとで、正確なファンドとNISA対象を証券会社で確認します。\nポートフォリオでの役割\n全世界1本は、既に時価総額で世界を保有するため、株式配分の全体を担えます。それが全体になるかは、安定のために債券や現金も必要かによります。全世界に分散しても全額株式は厳しい相場で約50%下落し得ます。耐えられる損失に応じて安全資産と組み合わせます。\n全世界1本は自己分散し手間がかからないため、多くの初心者はその上に2本目の株式ファンドを必要としません。S&P500や日本ファンドを併せ持つのは、多くが重複するか比率を傾けるもので、追加の分散ではなく意図的な選択です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/global-equity-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:all-country-vs-sp500","guide:us-equity-funds","guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:how-to-compare-funds"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"全世界株式ファンドは1本で多くの国の株式を保有します。オールカントリー版は先進国・新興国・日本を含み、長期の株式の核を1本で担えます。\nオールカントリーと先進国のみ、日本の有無、新興国、コスト、向く人。\nオールカントリーは先進国・新興国・日本株を1本に含みます。\n先進国のみ版は新興国（時に日本も）を除きます——正確な指数を確認。\n広い全世界1本で、数千社に分散でき手間は最小です。\n多くはヘッジなしで、株式リスクに加え円の為替リスクを持ちます。\n昨年のリターンではなく、指数・コスト・追随・純資産で比べます。\nオールカントリーと先進国のみ\n全世界株式ファンドには大きく2種類あります。オールカントリー（MSCI ACWI型の指数）は、先進国・新興国・日本をまとめて保有し、時価総額で世界の上場株式全体を保有するのに近い1本です。先進国のみのファンドは新興国を除き、一部の先進国指数は日本も除くため、それらを別途加える必要があります。\n簡潔さを求める初心者には、オールカントリーが最もすっきりした株式の核です。新興国や日本の比率を自分で管理したいなら、先進国のみ＋別配分も可能ですが手間が増えます。\nコスト・通貨・取扱\n競争的な日本の全世界株式インデックス投信は信託報酬が非常に低く、複数のシリーズに著名な低コストの選択肢があります。差が小さいため、トラッキング差異（コスト差引後にどれだけ忠実に指数を再現するか）と純資産（大きいほど繰上償還リスクが低い）も重視します。\n多くの全世界ファンドはヘッジなしで、円リターンは世界株式の成績と円相場の両方を反映します。この為替露出は多くの長期投資家にとって意図的な分散ですが、購入前に理解します。取扱は会社ごとで、正確なファンドとNISA対象を証券会社で確認します。\nポートフォリオでの役割\n全世界1本は、既に時価総額で世界を保有するため、株式配分の全体を担えます。それが全体になるかは、安定のために債券や現金も必要かによります。全世界に分散しても全額株式は厳しい相場で約50%下落し得ます。耐えられる損失に応じて安全資産と組み合わせます。\n全世界1本は自己分散し手間がかからないため、多くの初心者はその上に2本目の株式ファンドを必要としません。S&P500や日本ファンドを併せ持つのは、多くが重複するか比率を傾けるもので、追加の分散ではなく意図的な選択です。","url":"/ja/investing/global-equity-funds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:us-equity-funds:ja","entityId":"guide:us-equity-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"S&P500・米国株式ファンド","plainText":"米国株式ファンドは1国の市場に集中します。S&P500は米国大型株、全体型は中小型も加えます。いずれも米国集中と、円建て投資家には為替リスクを伴います。\nS&P500と米国全体、主要な日本の投信、米国集中、為替リスク、NISA対応。\nS&P500は米国大型株、全体型は中小型も含みます。\n低コストの日本の投信がS&P500を追随（Vanguardベースの構造もあり）。\n米国型は企業には分散でも、1国・1つのバリュエーション体制に集中します。\nヘッジなしの米国型は、米国株リスクに円の為替リスクを加えます。\n対象の米国株式投信はNISAに適合。正確なファンドと枠を証券会社で確認。\nS&P500と米国全体\nS&P500は米国の大型企業約500社を追い、最も一般的な米国株の指数です。米国全体型は中小型を含むより広い範囲を対象とします。長期では大型株が支配的なため両者は似た挙動ですが、全体型は米国内でわずかに分散されます。\nどちらも米国のみです。米国企業・業種には優れた分散ですが、国の分散はなく、結果は1つの経済と1つのバリュエーション体制に大きく依存します。米国集中は中立の既定ではなく意図的な選択です。\nファンド・通貨・NISA\n複数の低コストの日本の投信がS&P500を追い、一部はVanguard関連の構造を使います。いつも通り、直近のリターンで選ばず、正確な指数・総コスト（ファンド・オブ・ファンズなら投資対象費用を含む）・追随・純資産を比べます。\n多くはヘッジなしで、円高は円ベースの米国の利益を打ち消し、円安は上乗せし得ます。対象の米国株式投信は、商品によりNISAのつみたて枠か成長投資枠に入ります。対象可否と積立対応を確認します。米国納税者はPFICの扱いを別途確認します。\n文脈で見る米国集中\n米国株式ファンドは、米国企業が主導し続けるという賭けです。歴史的に米国は大きく強い市場でしたが、永遠に上回る国はなく、長い好成績の後に買うことは同じ先行きを期待する理由になりません。米国ファンドは、1つの経済に依存する快適さに合わせて配分する意図的な集中と捉えます。\n多くの投資家は、米国ファンドを全体ではなく全世界コアの上乗せとして持ちます。既にオールカントリーを持つなら、S&P500を加えるのは主に米国比率を高めることで、分散の追加ではありません——意図するなら妥当ですが、その効果を理解してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/us-equity-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:all-country-vs-sp500","guide:global-equity-funds","guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:currency-risk-yen"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"米国株式ファンドは1国の市場に集中します。S&P500は米国大型株、全体型は中小型も加えます。いずれも米国集中と、円建て投資家には為替リスクを伴います。\nS&P500と米国全体、主要な日本の投信、米国集中、為替リスク、NISA対応。\nS&P500は米国大型株、全体型は中小型も含みます。\n低コストの日本の投信がS&P500を追随（Vanguardベースの構造もあり）。\n米国型は企業には分散でも、1国・1つのバリュエーション体制に集中します。\nヘッジなしの米国型は、米国株リスクに円の為替リスクを加えます。\n対象の米国株式投信はNISAに適合。正確なファンドと枠を証券会社で確認。\nS&P500と米国全体\nS&P500は米国の大型企業約500社を追い、最も一般的な米国株の指数です。米国全体型は中小型を含むより広い範囲を対象とします。長期では大型株が支配的なため両者は似た挙動ですが、全体型は米国内でわずかに分散されます。\nどちらも米国のみです。米国企業・業種には優れた分散ですが、国の分散はなく、結果は1つの経済と1つのバリュエーション体制に大きく依存します。米国集中は中立の既定ではなく意図的な選択です。\nファンド・通貨・NISA\n複数の低コストの日本の投信がS&P500を追い、一部はVanguard関連の構造を使います。いつも通り、直近のリターンで選ばず、正確な指数・総コスト（ファンド・オブ・ファンズなら投資対象費用を含む）・追随・純資産を比べます。\n多くはヘッジなしで、円高は円ベースの米国の利益を打ち消し、円安は上乗せし得ます。対象の米国株式投信は、商品によりNISAのつみたて枠か成長投資枠に入ります。対象可否と積立対応を確認します。米国納税者はPFICの扱いを別途確認します。\n文脈で見る米国集中\n米国株式ファンドは、米国企業が主導し続けるという賭けです。歴史的に米国は大きく強い市場でしたが、永遠に上回る国はなく、長い好成績の後に買うことは同じ先行きを期待する理由になりません。米国ファンドは、1つの経済に依存する快適さに合わせて配分する意図的な集中と捉えます。\n多くの投資家は、米国ファンドを全体ではなく全世界コアの上乗せとして持ちます。既にオールカントリーを持つなら、S&P500を加えるのは主に米国比率を高めることで、分散の追加ではありません——意図するなら妥当ですが、その効果を理解してください。","url":"/ja/investing/us-equity-funds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:all-country-vs-sp500:ja","entityId":"guide:all-country-vs-sp500","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"オールカントリーとS&P500","plainText":"オールカントリーは米国・日本を含む多くの国に分散し、S&P500は米国大型株に集中します。選択は全世界の分散か意図的な米国への賭けかで、両方持つと米国露出が大きく重複します。\n各々の対象、集中度、通貨露出、コスト、重複、そして向く投資家。\nオールカントリー≈時価総額で世界の上場株式全体（米国が既に最大部分）。\nS&P500＝米国大型株のみで、1国への集中が高い。\n米国が世界指数の約6割超のため、両方持つと大きく重複します。\nオールカントリーは通貨・国の分散を加え、S&P500は1国のバリュエーションへの賭け。\n直近の成績で選ばない——それは1つの体制の反映で将来ではありません。\n各々の対象\nオールカントリーは、先進国・新興国・日本の企業を時価総額で保有します。米国企業が世界の時価総額で最大の割合を占めるため、米国は既にオールカントリーの最大の単一構成要素で、しばしば半分を大きく超えます。S&P500は米国大型株のみを保有します。\nよって実際の違いは非米国部分です。オールカントリーは、S&P500が除く日本・欧州・その他先進国・新興国を加えます。両方持つと、同じ米国大型株を二重に買うことが大半で、オールカントリーからの真の追加は小さめの非米国露出です。\nどちらが向くか\n手間をかけず1本で全世界に分散したく、1国に賭けたくないならオールカントリー。意図的に米国集中を望み単一国リスクを受け入れるならS&P500。普遍的な正解はなく、直近の米国の優位は信頼できる理由ではありません——1つの歴史的体制の反映です。\n重複の注意が最も重要です。オールカントリーとS&P500を両方買っても分散は倍になりません。世界に対して米国を過大にするだけです。世界の比率以上に米国を持ちたいなら妥当な選択ですが、重複ファンドを偶然積み重ねるのではなく意図的に行ってください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/all-country-vs-sp500","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:global-equity-funds","guide:us-equity-funds","guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:diversification-asset-allocation"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"オールカントリーは米国・日本を含む多くの国に分散し、S&P500は米国大型株に集中します。選択は全世界の分散か意図的な米国への賭けかで、両方持つと米国露出が大きく重複します。\n各々の対象、集中度、通貨露出、コスト、重複、そして向く投資家。\nオールカントリー≈時価総額で世界の上場株式全体（米国が既に最大部分）。\nS&P500＝米国大型株のみで、1国への集中が高い。\n米国が世界指数の約6割超のため、両方持つと大きく重複します。\nオールカントリーは通貨・国の分散を加え、S&P500は1国のバリュエーションへの賭け。\n直近の成績で選ばない——それは1つの体制の反映で将来ではありません。\n各々の対象\nオールカントリーは、先進国・新興国・日本の企業を時価総額で保有します。米国企業が世界の時価総額で最大の割合を占めるため、米国は既にオールカントリーの最大の単一構成要素で、しばしば半分を大きく超えます。S&P500は米国大型株のみを保有します。\nよって実際の違いは非米国部分です。オールカントリーは、S&P500が除く日本・欧州・その他先進国・新興国を加えます。両方持つと、同じ米国大型株を二重に買うことが大半で、オールカントリーからの真の追加は小さめの非米国露出です。\nどちらが向くか\n手間をかけず1本で全世界に分散したく、1国に賭けたくないならオールカントリー。意図的に米国集中を望み単一国リスクを受け入れるならS&P500。普遍的な正解はなく、直近の米国の優位は信頼できる理由ではありません——1つの歴史的体制の反映です。\n重複の注意が最も重要です。オールカントリーとS&P500を両方買っても分散は倍になりません。世界に対して米国を過大にするだけです。世界の比率以上に米国を持ちたいなら妥当な選択ですが、重複ファンドを偶然積み重ねるのではなく意図的に行ってください。","url":"/ja/investing/all-country-vs-sp500","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-equity-funds:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-equity-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本株式ファンド","plainText":"日本株式ファンドは、TOPIX（広く時価総額加重）やNikkei225（株価加重でより集中的）で国内株を追います。全世界の完全なポートフォリオではなく、日本配分や自国寄りに向きます。\nTOPIXとNikkei225、広い市場とアクティブ、自国集中、全世界の中での役割。\nTOPIXは広い時価総額加重、Nikkei225は株価加重で集中的です。\n広い市場のインデックスは低コスト、アクティブ日本株は高コストで結果はばらつきます。\n日本のみは1国・通貨・業種構成に集中します。\n日本株は円建てで、外国ファンドより直接的に円建て負債に対応します。\n多くの投資家は日本を全世界の一部として使い、全体にはしません。\nTOPIXとNikkei225\n日本の代表的な2指数は構成が異なります。TOPIXは広く時価総額加重で、市場の広い範囲を対象とし、大企業ほど比重が大きくなります。Nikkei225は225銘柄の株価加重で、企業規模に関わらず高株価銘柄が支配し、より集中的でTOPIXと異なる挙動になることがあります。\n広く中立な日本の露出には、通常TOPIX型が簡単です。Nikkei225型は人気で広く追随されますが、その指数特有の構成の癖を反映します。\n集中とポートフォリオでの役割\n広い市場の日本インデックスは低コストで国内で分散され、アクティブ日本株は指数超えを狙うも高コストで結果の幅が広いです。いずれにせよ、日本のみは1国・円・日本の工業/金融/輸出寄りの業種構成に集中します。\n多くの全世界投資家にとって妥当な役割は、分散されたポートフォリオの中の日本の部分、または将来の円支出により合う控えめな自国寄りで、株式配分の全体ではありません。オールカントリーは既に時価総額比で日本を含むため、明示的な日本ファンドはその上乗せで、意図的に使います。\n日本株の持ち方\n日本の露出は、広いTOPIXのインデックス投信・ETF、Nikkei225型、または——意図的かつ控えめに——個別株で得られます。多くの人には、単一企業リスクを取らずに日本配分を加える最も簡単な方法は広い市場のインデックス投信です。意図する枠で対象かを確認し、信託報酬とトラッキング差異を確認します。\nオールカントリーは既に時価総額比で日本を含むため、別途の日本ファンドはその上乗せの過大配分です。自国寄りの大きさは、将来の支出のうち円がどれだけかに基づき、偶然の二重取りではなく意図的に決めます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/japan-equity-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks","guide:japan-vs-global-investing","guide:global-equity-funds","guide:how-to-compare-funds"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"日本株式ファンドは、TOPIX（広く時価総額加重）やNikkei225（株価加重でより集中的）で国内株を追います。全世界の完全なポートフォリオではなく、日本配分や自国寄りに向きます。\nTOPIXとNikkei225、広い市場とアクティブ、自国集中、全世界の中での役割。\nTOPIXは広い時価総額加重、Nikkei225は株価加重で集中的です。\n広い市場のインデックスは低コスト、アクティブ日本株は高コストで結果はばらつきます。\n日本のみは1国・通貨・業種構成に集中します。\n日本株は円建てで、外国ファンドより直接的に円建て負債に対応します。\n多くの投資家は日本を全世界の一部として使い、全体にはしません。\nTOPIXとNikkei225\n日本の代表的な2指数は構成が異なります。TOPIXは広く時価総額加重で、市場の広い範囲を対象とし、大企業ほど比重が大きくなります。Nikkei225は225銘柄の株価加重で、企業規模に関わらず高株価銘柄が支配し、より集中的でTOPIXと異なる挙動になることがあります。\n広く中立な日本の露出には、通常TOPIX型が簡単です。Nikkei225型は人気で広く追随されますが、その指数特有の構成の癖を反映します。\n集中とポートフォリオでの役割\n広い市場の日本インデックスは低コストで国内で分散され、アクティブ日本株は指数超えを狙うも高コストで結果の幅が広いです。いずれにせよ、日本のみは1国・円・日本の工業/金融/輸出寄りの業種構成に集中します。\n多くの全世界投資家にとって妥当な役割は、分散されたポートフォリオの中の日本の部分、または将来の円支出により合う控えめな自国寄りで、株式配分の全体ではありません。オールカントリーは既に時価総額比で日本を含むため、明示的な日本ファンドはその上乗せで、意図的に使います。\n日本株の持ち方\n日本の露出は、広いTOPIXのインデックス投信・ETF、Nikkei225型、または——意図的かつ控えめに——個別株で得られます。多くの人には、単一企業リスクを取らずに日本配分を加える最も簡単な方法は広い市場のインデックス投信です。意図する枠で対象かを確認し、信託報酬とトラッキング差異を確認します。\nオールカントリーは既に時価総額比で日本を含むため、別途の日本ファンドはその上乗せの過大配分です。自国寄りの大きさは、将来の支出のうち円がどれだけかに基づき、偶然の二重取りではなく意図的に決めます。","url":"/ja/investing/japan-equity-funds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bond-funds:ja","entityId":"guide:bond-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本在住者のための債券ファンド","plainText":"債券ファンドは収益と相対的安定のため多数の債券を保有します。主な選択は、日本と外国、国債と社債、デュレーション、信用度、そして外国債券では為替ヘッジの有無で、これが円リターンを左右しがちです。\n日本と外国の債券、国債と社債、デュレーションと信用、為替ヘッジ、債券投信と個人向け国債。\n債券は収益を加え株式の変動を和らげ得ますが、無リスクではありません。\nデュレーションは金利感応度。長いほど金利変動時の価格の振れが大きくなります。\n信用度は国債から社債まで。低いほど債務不履行リスクが加わります。\n外国債券投信は為替変動がリターンを左右し得て、ヘッジがより妥当になりがちです。\n分散された債券投信は個別国債と異なり、価格は変動するが発行体・年限を分散します。\n種類・デュレーション・信用\n債券ファンドは多数の債券をまとめ収益を払います。主な次元は、地域（日本と外国）、発行体（国債と社債）、デュレーション、信用度です。デュレーションは金利変動時の価格の動きの大きさで、長いほど敏感で、金利低下でより上がり上昇でより下がります。信用度は、安全な国債から、債務不履行リスクを持つ高利回りの社債まで幅があります。\n債券は主に収益と株式変動の緩和のために持ちますが、金利・信用・（外国債券なら）為替のリスクを持ちます。債券ファンドは現金の代わりではなく、価格は変動します。\nヘッジと、債券投信と国債\n外国債券投信では、株式より通貨が重要です。債券のリターンが控えめなため、大きな円の為替変動が結果を左右し得ます。外国債券を持つ理由が円での安定なら、ヘッジなしは目的に反することがあり、ヘッジ版のほうが目的に沿いやすいです——金利差に連動したヘッジコストがかかります。\n分散された債券投信は個別の個人向け国債と異なります。国債は政府保証の元本を持ち満期保有なら価格変動がありませんが、投信は多数の発行体・年限に分散し、価格が変動し、長い年限や外国債券を含み得ます。分散された債券露出には投信を、政府レベルの安全性と満期保有の安定には国債を使います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/bond-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:currency-hedged-vs-unhedged","guide:japanese-government-bonds","guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:balanced-funds"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"債券ファンドは収益と相対的安定のため多数の債券を保有します。主な選択は、日本と外国、国債と社債、デュレーション、信用度、そして外国債券では為替ヘッジの有無で、これが円リターンを左右しがちです。\n日本と外国の債券、国債と社債、デュレーションと信用、為替ヘッジ、債券投信と個人向け国債。\n債券は収益を加え株式の変動を和らげ得ますが、無リスクではありません。\nデュレーションは金利感応度。長いほど金利変動時の価格の振れが大きくなります。\n信用度は国債から社債まで。低いほど債務不履行リスクが加わります。\n外国債券投信は為替変動がリターンを左右し得て、ヘッジがより妥当になりがちです。\n分散された債券投信は個別国債と異なり、価格は変動するが発行体・年限を分散します。\n種類・デュレーション・信用\n債券ファンドは多数の債券をまとめ収益を払います。主な次元は、地域（日本と外国）、発行体（国債と社債）、デュレーション、信用度です。デュレーションは金利変動時の価格の動きの大きさで、長いほど敏感で、金利低下でより上がり上昇でより下がります。信用度は、安全な国債から、債務不履行リスクを持つ高利回りの社債まで幅があります。\n債券は主に収益と株式変動の緩和のために持ちますが、金利・信用・（外国債券なら）為替のリスクを持ちます。債券ファンドは現金の代わりではなく、価格は変動します。\nヘッジと、債券投信と国債\n外国債券投信では、株式より通貨が重要です。債券のリターンが控えめなため、大きな円の為替変動が結果を左右し得ます。外国債券を持つ理由が円での安定なら、ヘッジなしは目的に反することがあり、ヘッジ版のほうが目的に沿いやすいです——金利差に連動したヘッジコストがかかります。\n分散された債券投信は個別の個人向け国債と異なります。国債は政府保証の元本を持ち満期保有なら価格変動がありませんが、投信は多数の発行体・年限に分散し、価格が変動し、長い年限や外国債券を含み得ます。分散された債券露出には投信を、政府レベルの安全性と満期保有の安定には国債を使います。","url":"/ja/investing/bond-funds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:balanced-funds:ja","entityId":"guide:balanced-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"バランスファンド","plainText":"バランスファンドは、地域をまたいだ株式・債券・時にREITの固定比率を保有し、ファンド内で自動リバランスします。1本で分散したい人に便利ですが、「バランス」は自身の株式比率に対して分散という意味にすぎません。\n固定の資産配分、自動リバランス、8資産型、手数料、リスク水準、自作との比較。\nバランスファンドは複数資産の固定比率を保有し、ファンド内で自動リバランスします。\n8資産型は、日本・外国の株式・債券・REITに分散します。\n投資を1本に単純化し、手動リバランスが不要です。\n「バランス」は相対的で、株式多めのバランス型はなお大きく下落し得ます。\n自作は管理性が高く安くもなり得ます。バランス型はそれを手軽さと引き換えます。\n固定配分と自動リバランス\nバランスファンドは、あらかじめ定めた資産クラスの比率を保有します——例えば著名な8資産型は、日本・外国の株式、日本・外国の債券、日本・外国のREITを固定比率で分散します。重要なのは内部でリバランスすることで、ある資産が上振れして目標を超えると自動で減らすため、手動リバランスが不要です。\nこれにより1本のバランスファンドが、1回の購入で完結・分散・自己維持するポートフォリオになります——複数ファンドを管理せず分散と自動リバランスを望む初心者に魅力的です。\nリスク水準と、バランス型と自作\n「バランス」＝「保守的」と決めつけないでください。バランスファンドは債券・現金の比率の分だけ守備的で、株式多めのバランス型は下落局面でなお大きく下がり得ます。実際の資産比率を読み、他のポートフォリオ同様、耐えられる損失に合わせます。\n自作と比べ、バランスファンドは管理性と潜在的な低コストを手軽さと引き換えます。自作は正確な比率設定・税効率の良い配置・低コストが可能で、バランス型は少額の手数料で比率とリバランスを代行します。どちらも妥当で、簡潔さと管理性のどちらを重視するかで選びます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/balanced-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:target-date-funds","guide:bond-funds","guide:how-to-compare-funds"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"バランスファンドは、地域をまたいだ株式・債券・時にREITの固定比率を保有し、ファンド内で自動リバランスします。1本で分散したい人に便利ですが、「バランス」は自身の株式比率に対して分散という意味にすぎません。\n固定の資産配分、自動リバランス、8資産型、手数料、リスク水準、自作との比較。\nバランスファンドは複数資産の固定比率を保有し、ファンド内で自動リバランスします。\n8資産型は、日本・外国の株式・債券・REITに分散します。\n投資を1本に単純化し、手動リバランスが不要です。\n「バランス」は相対的で、株式多めのバランス型はなお大きく下落し得ます。\n自作は管理性が高く安くもなり得ます。バランス型はそれを手軽さと引き換えます。\n固定配分と自動リバランス\nバランスファンドは、あらかじめ定めた資産クラスの比率を保有します——例えば著名な8資産型は、日本・外国の株式、日本・外国の債券、日本・外国のREITを固定比率で分散します。重要なのは内部でリバランスすることで、ある資産が上振れして目標を超えると自動で減らすため、手動リバランスが不要です。\nこれにより1本のバランスファンドが、1回の購入で完結・分散・自己維持するポートフォリオになります——複数ファンドを管理せず分散と自動リバランスを望む初心者に魅力的です。\nリスク水準と、バランス型と自作\n「バランス」＝「保守的」と決めつけないでください。バランスファンドは債券・現金の比率の分だけ守備的で、株式多めのバランス型は下落局面でなお大きく下がり得ます。実際の資産比率を読み、他のポートフォリオ同様、耐えられる損失に合わせます。\n自作と比べ、バランスファンドは管理性と潜在的な低コストを手軽さと引き換えます。自作は正確な比率設定・税効率の良い配置・低コストが可能で、バランス型は少額の手数料で比率とリバランスを代行します。どちらも妥当で、簡潔さと管理性のどちらを重視するかで選びます。","url":"/ja/investing/balanced-funds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:esg-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:esg-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のESG投資","plainText":"ESGファンドは環境・社会・ガバナンスの基準で銘柄をスクリーニング・加重し、市場リスクを消すのではなく露出を変えます。グリーンウォッシング・高い手数料・集中に注意し、実際の手法と指数との乖離を比べます。\nESGの定義、スクリーニングとスコアリング、指数の違い、グリーンウォッシング、手数料、ESGファンドの比べ方。\nESG＝環境・社会・ガバナンスの基準を、除外やスコアで適用。\nESGスクリーニングは保有内容を変え、広い指数に対しファクター・業種の偏りを生みます。\nグリーンウォッシングのリスク：ラベルが実際の「環境性」を誇張し得ます。\nESGファンドは、素の広いインデックスより手数料が高いことが多いです。\nラベルではなく、実際の除外・スコア手法・指数との乖離・コストを比べます。\nESGの実際\nESG投資は、環境・社会・ガバナンスの基準をポートフォリオ構築に適用します——特定業種を除外する（除外スクリーニング）か、スコアの高い企業へ傾ける（ベストインクラス）方法です。提供者ごとにデータ・スコア・指数が異なるため、2つの「ESG」ファンドがかなり違う保有になり得ます。\n要点は、ESGは市場リスクを下げるのではなく露出を変えることです。ESGファンドも下落局面で下がる株式ファンドで、スクリーニングは素の広い指数に対して保有する企業・業種を変えるだけです。\nグリーンウォッシング・手数料・比較\n2つの注意が中心です。第一にグリーンウォッシングで、環境的に聞こえる名前やマーケティングは、従来の指数と実質的に異なることを保証しません。実際の手法——何を除外し、どうスコア化し、結果のポートフォリオが標準指数からどれだけ乖離するか——を読みます。第二にコストで、ESGファンドは素の広い指数より高いことが多く、その手数料は不利に複利で効きます。\nESGファンドの比較は、ラベルの先の具体的な特徴を見ます。除外リスト、スコア手法、指数との乖離と追随、業種・ファクターの集中、総コストです。ポートフォリオが安い広い指数とほとんど変わらないのに高コストなら、ESGの上乗せはほとんど買えていないかもしれません。大きく異なるなら、意図しない賭け——ESGスクリーニングは相当な業種・ファクターの偏りを生み得ます——を理解します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/esg-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:active-vs-passive-investing","guide:global-equity-funds"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"ESGファンドは環境・社会・ガバナンスの基準で銘柄をスクリーニング・加重し、市場リスクを消すのではなく露出を変えます。グリーンウォッシング・高い手数料・集中に注意し、実際の手法と指数との乖離を比べます。\nESGの定義、スクリーニングとスコアリング、指数の違い、グリーンウォッシング、手数料、ESGファンドの比べ方。\nESG＝環境・社会・ガバナンスの基準を、除外やスコアで適用。\nESGスクリーニングは保有内容を変え、広い指数に対しファクター・業種の偏りを生みます。\nグリーンウォッシングのリスク：ラベルが実際の「環境性」を誇張し得ます。\nESGファンドは、素の広いインデックスより手数料が高いことが多いです。\nラベルではなく、実際の除外・スコア手法・指数との乖離・コストを比べます。\nESGの実際\nESG投資は、環境・社会・ガバナンスの基準をポートフォリオ構築に適用します——特定業種を除外する（除外スクリーニング）か、スコアの高い企業へ傾ける（ベストインクラス）方法です。提供者ごとにデータ・スコア・指数が異なるため、2つの「ESG」ファンドがかなり違う保有になり得ます。\n要点は、ESGは市場リスクを下げるのではなく露出を変えることです。ESGファンドも下落局面で下がる株式ファンドで、スクリーニングは素の広い指数に対して保有する企業・業種を変えるだけです。\nグリーンウォッシング・手数料・比較\n2つの注意が中心です。第一にグリーンウォッシングで、環境的に聞こえる名前やマーケティングは、従来の指数と実質的に異なることを保証しません。実際の手法——何を除外し、どうスコア化し、結果のポートフォリオが標準指数からどれだけ乖離するか——を読みます。第二にコストで、ESGファンドは素の広い指数より高いことが多く、その手数料は不利に複利で効きます。\nESGファンドの比較は、ラベルの先の具体的な特徴を見ます。除外リスト、スコア手法、指数との乖離と追随、業種・ファクターの集中、総コストです。ポートフォリオが安い広い指数とほとんど変わらないのに高コストなら、ESGの上乗せはほとんど買えていないかもしれません。大きく異なるなら、意図しない賭け——ESGスクリーニングは相当な業種・ファクターの偏りを生み得ます——を理解します。","url":"/ja/investing/esg-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:target-date-funds:ja","entityId":"guide:target-date-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ターゲットデートファンド","plainText":"ターゲットデートファンドは、選んだ目標年が近づくにつれ自動的に保守的になる分散された配分を保有します。手間のかからない退職向けの選択肢（iDeCoや企業型DCで一般的）ですが、既定のグライドパスが個人の状況に合わないことがあります。\n目標年、グライドパス、自動的なリスク低減、iDeCo/DCでの利用、手数料、既定の経路が合わない場合。\n目標年（退職近く）を選べば、あとはファンドが行います。\nグライドパスが、時間とともに株式多めから債券多めへ自動的に移行します。\n手間のかからない退職準備として、iDeCoや企業型DCのメニューで一般的です。\n手数料は様々。自動化は便利ですが無料ではありません。\n既定のグライドパスは平均的な投資家を前提とし、あなたのリスクや他資産に合わないことがあります。\n目標年とグライドパス\nターゲットデートファンドは、ある年——通常は退職予定の頃——を軸に作られます。初期は成長志向の配分（株式多め）を持ち、目標年が近づくと、あらかじめ定めた「グライドパス」に沿って自動的に保守的な配分（債券・現金多め）へ移行します。時間軸に合うファンドを選べば、何もせずとも時間とともにリスクが下がります。\nこの自動化により、ターゲットデートファンドはiDeCoや企業型確定拠出年金のメニューで人気の既定選択になっています。多くの加入者は、加齢に応じてリバランスや手動のリスク低減を管理したくないためです。\n手数料と、合わない場合\nグライドパスは平均的な状況の平均的な投資家向けに設計されており、だからこそあなたに合わないことがあります。他の資産（年金・不動産・共働きの配偶者）、異なるリスク許容度、標準的でない時間軸があるなら、既定の経路はあなたには株式が多すぎ・少なすぎになり得ます。またファンドは目標年しか見ず、あなたの全体像は見えません。\n手数料も確認します。手軽さにはコストがあり、一部のターゲットデートは自分で単純な指数を組むより高いです。自動的なリスク低減を重視する手間のかからない人には、1つの判断で済む妥当な選択肢です。管理性を望む人や複雑な状況の人には、自分で管理する配分のほうが合うことがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/target-date-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:balanced-funds","guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:diversification-asset-allocation"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"ターゲットデートファンドは、選んだ目標年が近づくにつれ自動的に保守的になる分散された配分を保有します。手間のかからない退職向けの選択肢（iDeCoや企業型DCで一般的）ですが、既定のグライドパスが個人の状況に合わないことがあります。\n目標年、グライドパス、自動的なリスク低減、iDeCo/DCでの利用、手数料、既定の経路が合わない場合。\n目標年（退職近く）を選べば、あとはファンドが行います。\nグライドパスが、時間とともに株式多めから債券多めへ自動的に移行します。\n手間のかからない退職準備として、iDeCoや企業型DCのメニューで一般的です。\n手数料は様々。自動化は便利ですが無料ではありません。\n既定のグライドパスは平均的な投資家を前提とし、あなたのリスクや他資産に合わないことがあります。\n目標年とグライドパス\nターゲットデートファンドは、ある年——通常は退職予定の頃——を軸に作られます。初期は成長志向の配分（株式多め）を持ち、目標年が近づくと、あらかじめ定めた「グライドパス」に沿って自動的に保守的な配分（債券・現金多め）へ移行します。時間軸に合うファンドを選べば、何もせずとも時間とともにリスクが下がります。\nこの自動化により、ターゲットデートファンドはiDeCoや企業型確定拠出年金のメニューで人気の既定選択になっています。多くの加入者は、加齢に応じてリバランスや手動のリスク低減を管理したくないためです。\n手数料と、合わない場合\nグライドパスは平均的な状況の平均的な投資家向けに設計されており、だからこそあなたに合わないことがあります。他の資産（年金・不動産・共働きの配偶者）、異なるリスク許容度、標準的でない時間軸があるなら、既定の経路はあなたには株式が多すぎ・少なすぎになり得ます。またファンドは目標年しか見ず、あなたの全体像は見えません。\n手数料も確認します。手軽さにはコストがあり、一部のターゲットデートは自分で単純な指数を組むより高いです。自動的なリスク低減を重視する手間のかからない人には、1つの判断で済む妥当な選択肢です。管理性を望む人や複雑な状況の人には、自分で管理する配分のほうが合うことがあります。","url":"/ja/investing/target-date-funds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-for-beginners:ja","entityId":"guide:investing-for-beginners","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"完全初心者のための日本での投資","plainText":"完全初心者の最も簡単な道は、生活防衛資金を作り、低コストの証券会社でNISAを開き、分散された低コストのインデックス投信1本を毎月自動積立し、年1〜2回見直すことです。\n最初の道筋：生活防衛資金、NISA、低コストの全世界1本、自動化——避けるべき失敗も。\n生活防衛資金と借金返済が投資より先です。\nNISAのつみたて枠が、初心者の自然な最初の口座です。\n低コストのオールカントリー1本が、妥当な株式の核になります。\n毎月の買付を自動化し、毎月の判断をなくします。\n重複するテーマ投信の多用や、昨年のリターンでの選択を避けます。\n初心者の道\n毎月控えめな額を投資する日本語話者の初心者に推奨される出発点は、NISAのつみたて枠で低コストのオールカントリー株式1本を積み立てることです。まず流動性のある貯蓄を確保し高金利の借金を返済。次に楽天・SBI・松井・マネックスなど広く低コストの証券会社でNISAを開き、転職や下落局面でも続けられる毎月の買付を自動化します。\n続けられる月5,000円は、後で止めて売らざるを得ない月10万円より優れています。目的は、巧妙なポートフォリオではなく、何年も保てる単純で自動的な習慣です。\n初心者が避けるべきこと\nよくある初期の失敗は避けられます。生活防衛資金は投資しない——必要なのはリターンではなく確実さです。重複するテーマ投信を複数買わない——広い1本で重複とコストを抑え核を担えます。昨年のリターンで投信を選ばない——将来の手がかりとして不確実です。NISAを無リスクと捉えない——消すのは税で損失の可能性ではありません。\n米国納税者なら、日本の投信を買う前に止まりPFIC規則を確認します。近く出国し得るなら、NISAは通常海外で継続できない点を理解します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investing-for-beginners","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:what-is-nisa","guide:global-equity-funds","guide:small-monthly-budget-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"完全初心者の最も簡単な道は、生活防衛資金を作り、低コストの証券会社でNISAを開き、分散された低コストのインデックス投信1本を毎月自動積立し、年1〜2回見直すことです。\n最初の道筋：生活防衛資金、NISA、低コストの全世界1本、自動化——避けるべき失敗も。\n生活防衛資金と借金返済が投資より先です。\nNISAのつみたて枠が、初心者の自然な最初の口座です。\n低コストのオールカントリー1本が、妥当な株式の核になります。\n毎月の買付を自動化し、毎月の判断をなくします。\n重複するテーマ投信の多用や、昨年のリターンでの選択を避けます。\n初心者の道\n毎月控えめな額を投資する日本語話者の初心者に推奨される出発点は、NISAのつみたて枠で低コストのオールカントリー株式1本を積み立てることです。まず流動性のある貯蓄を確保し高金利の借金を返済。次に楽天・SBI・松井・マネックスなど広く低コストの証券会社でNISAを開き、転職や下落局面でも続けられる毎月の買付を自動化します。\n続けられる月5,000円は、後で止めて売らざるを得ない月10万円より優れています。目的は、巧妙なポートフォリオではなく、何年も保てる単純で自動的な習慣です。\n初心者が避けるべきこと\nよくある初期の失敗は避けられます。生活防衛資金は投資しない——必要なのはリターンではなく確実さです。重複するテーマ投信を複数買わない——広い1本で重複とコストを抑え核を担えます。昨年のリターンで投信を選ばない——将来の手がかりとして不確実です。NISAを無リスクと捉えない——消すのは税で損失の可能性ではありません。\n米国納税者なら、日本の投信を買う前に止まりPFIC規則を確認します。近く出国し得るなら、NISAは通常海外で継続できない点を理解します。","url":"/ja/investing/investing-for-beginners","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:small-monthly-budget-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:small-monthly-budget-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"月5,000〜30,000円で投資する","plainText":"月5,000〜30,000円なら、低い最低額（100円から）と自動積立に対応する証券会社を使い、NISAに入れ、分散された低コスト投信を1本選びます。手軽さで商品の質を犠牲にしないこと。\n少額の毎月投資で、最低額・単元未満株・積立投信・ポイントをどう使うか——過剰売買を避けて。\nネット証券は最低100円から自動で投信を買えます。\nPayPay・楽天・SBI・マネックス・松井が、少額のアプリ投資に向きます。\nNISAのつみたて枠を使い、小さな利益も非課税に保ちます。\n単元未満株で、1単元未満の株式も買えます。\n「まとまった額」を待たず、少額ポジションで過剰売買しないこと。\n少額の毎月投資の始め方\n少額は障壁ではありません。ネット証券は最低100円から投信を買え毎月の自動積立ができるため、月5,000〜30,000円で十分に運用できます。少額のアプリ投資に向く会社に、PayPay・楽天・SBI・マネックス・松井があります。資金はNISAのつみたて枠に入れ、小さな利益も非課税に保ちます。\n個別株は、単元未満株サービスで100株の1単元未満も買えます。少額を多数の商品に散らすより、分散された低コスト投信1本を核に選びます。\n少額のための規律\n少額投資家を苦しめる2つの失敗があります。1つ目は「まとまった額」を待って始めないことですが、複利は時間を報うため、今始める少額の自動積立は、後で始める大きな額に通常勝ります。2つ目は少額ポジションの過剰売買や小さなテーマへの賭けで、固定費やスプレッドが少額を削ります。\nポイントや単元未満株などの便利機能は有用ですが、商品の質より優先すべきではありません。多少不便でも正しい低コスト投信のある会社は、高コスト商品を勧める派手なアプリに勝ります。単純・自動・低コストに保ち、習慣を複利で効かせます。\n時間をかけて金額を増やす\n続けられる額——たとえ5,000円——から始め、収入の増加や借金の完済に応じて増やします。多くの証券会社は数タップで毎月の金額を変更できます。習慣は開始額より重要で、少額でも何年も続けると、遅く始めた大きな額よりはるかに複利の恩恵を受けます。\n金額が増えても同じ単純な構造を保ちます。NISAで分散された低コスト投信1本を自動で。残高が大きいというだけで複雑にする必要はまれで、実際の目標やリスク上の必要が求めるとき（債券や2つ目の口座）にのみ計画を広げます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/small-monthly-budget-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-for-beginners","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:credit-card-investing","guide:lump-sum-vs-monthly-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"月5,000〜30,000円なら、低い最低額（100円から）と自動積立に対応する証券会社を使い、NISAに入れ、分散された低コスト投信を1本選びます。手軽さで商品の質を犠牲にしないこと。\n少額の毎月投資で、最低額・単元未満株・積立投信・ポイントをどう使うか——過剰売買を避けて。\nネット証券は最低100円から自動で投信を買えます。\nPayPay・楽天・SBI・マネックス・松井が、少額のアプリ投資に向きます。\nNISAのつみたて枠を使い、小さな利益も非課税に保ちます。\n単元未満株で、1単元未満の株式も買えます。\n「まとまった額」を待たず、少額ポジションで過剰売買しないこと。\n少額の毎月投資の始め方\n少額は障壁ではありません。ネット証券は最低100円から投信を買え毎月の自動積立ができるため、月5,000〜30,000円で十分に運用できます。少額のアプリ投資に向く会社に、PayPay・楽天・SBI・マネックス・松井があります。資金はNISAのつみたて枠に入れ、小さな利益も非課税に保ちます。\n個別株は、単元未満株サービスで100株の1単元未満も買えます。少額を多数の商品に散らすより、分散された低コスト投信1本を核に選びます。\n少額のための規律\n少額投資家を苦しめる2つの失敗があります。1つ目は「まとまった額」を待って始めないことですが、複利は時間を報うため、今始める少額の自動積立は、後で始める大きな額に通常勝ります。2つ目は少額ポジションの過剰売買や小さなテーマへの賭けで、固定費やスプレッドが少額を削ります。\nポイントや単元未満株などの便利機能は有用ですが、商品の質より優先すべきではありません。多少不便でも正しい低コスト投信のある会社は、高コスト商品を勧める派手なアプリに勝ります。単純・自動・低コストに保ち、習慣を複利で効かせます。\n時間をかけて金額を増やす\n続けられる額——たとえ5,000円——から始め、収入の増加や借金の完済に応じて増やします。多くの証券会社は数タップで毎月の金額を変更できます。習慣は開始額より重要で、少額でも何年も続けると、遅く始めた大きな額よりはるかに複利の恩恵を受けます。\n金額が増えても同じ単純な構造を保ちます。NISAで分散された低コスト投信1本を自動で。残高が大きいというだけで複雑にする必要はまれで、実際の目標やリスク上の必要が求めるとき（債券や2つ目の口座）にのみ計画を広げます。","url":"/ja/investing/small-monthly-budget-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-for-retirement:ja","entityId":"guide:investing-for-retirement","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で老後に向けて投資する","plainText":"老後には、NISAの柔軟性・iDeCoの掛金控除・勤務先制度を組み合わせ、実際の年金記録に基づいて計画し、強制売却を避ける現金を確保して収益の順序リスクに備えます。\nNISA・iDeCo・企業制度の併用、年金記録、収益の順序リスク、退職者が持つべき現金。\nNISAとiDeCoは併用可。iDeCoは控除を加えるが老後まで資金を固定します。\n老後計画は、想定利回りではなく公的年金の記録に基づけます。\n収益の順序リスク：取り崩し初期の低収益は持続性を恒久的に損ない得ます。\n計画的な支出をまかない下落局面で売らずに済む現金を持ちます。\n計画的な売却を伴うトータルリターンは、配当のみに頼るより頑健なことが多いです。\n口座の組み合わせ\n老後準備は通常、口座を組み合わせます。NISAはいつでも使える柔軟で非課税の成長を提供します。iDeCoは、受給年齢まで資金を固定する代わりに、掛金の所得控除と課税繰延の成長を加えます——所得により控除が有利で固定を受け入れられるとき価値があります。勤務先の確定拠出・確定給付の制度は会社の拠出を加え、マッチングやメニューの質を確認します。\n計画は仮定ではなく事実に基づけます。公的年金は実際の加入記録（利回りの推測ではなく）から見込み、勤務先・私的口座を棚卸しし、必須・任意支出を現在価値で見積もります。\n順序リスクと現金\n退職の前後では、平均だけでなく収益の順序が重要です。収益の順序リスクとは、取り崩し初期に低収益が続くと、下落局面で売るため、ポートフォリオの持続期間が恒久的に損なわれ得ることです。対策は、年金収入とリスク許容度に基づき、下落局面で強制売却せず計画的な支出をまかなう現金・安全資産を十分に持つことです。\n収入面では、配当で老後をまかなうべきという誤解があります。高配当証券のみに頼るとリスクが集中し、トータルリターン——分散したポートフォリオと少額の計画的売却——のほうが頑健で分散されることが多いです。計画は毎年、および雇用・家族・在留の変化時に見直します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investing-for-retirement","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:target-date-funds"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/nationalpension/nationalpension.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/employeespension/employee.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"老後には、NISAの柔軟性・iDeCoの掛金控除・勤務先制度を組み合わせ、実際の年金記録に基づいて計画し、強制売却を避ける現金を確保して収益の順序リスクに備えます。\nNISA・iDeCo・企業制度の併用、年金記録、収益の順序リスク、退職者が持つべき現金。\nNISAとiDeCoは併用可。iDeCoは控除を加えるが老後まで資金を固定します。\n老後計画は、想定利回りではなく公的年金の記録に基づけます。\n収益の順序リスク：取り崩し初期の低収益は持続性を恒久的に損ない得ます。\n計画的な支出をまかない下落局面で売らずに済む現金を持ちます。\n計画的な売却を伴うトータルリターンは、配当のみに頼るより頑健なことが多いです。\n口座の組み合わせ\n老後準備は通常、口座を組み合わせます。NISAはいつでも使える柔軟で非課税の成長を提供します。iDeCoは、受給年齢まで資金を固定する代わりに、掛金の所得控除と課税繰延の成長を加えます——所得により控除が有利で固定を受け入れられるとき価値があります。勤務先の確定拠出・確定給付の制度は会社の拠出を加え、マッチングやメニューの質を確認します。\n計画は仮定ではなく事実に基づけます。公的年金は実際の加入記録（利回りの推測ではなく）から見込み、勤務先・私的口座を棚卸しし、必須・任意支出を現在価値で見積もります。\n順序リスクと現金\n退職の前後では、平均だけでなく収益の順序が重要です。収益の順序リスクとは、取り崩し初期に低収益が続くと、下落局面で売るため、ポートフォリオの持続期間が恒久的に損なわれ得ることです。対策は、年金収入とリスク許容度に基づき、下落局面で強制売却せず計画的な支出をまかなう現金・安全資産を十分に持つことです。\n収入面では、配当で老後をまかなうべきという誤解があります。高配当証券のみに頼るとリスクが集中し、トータルリターン——分散したポートフォリオと少額の計画的売却——のほうが頑健で分散されることが多いです。計画は毎年、および雇用・家族・在留の変化時に見直します。","url":"/ja/investing/investing-for-retirement","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:high-income-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:high-income-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"高所得者のための日本での投資","plainText":"高所得者は、iDeCoの所得控除とNISAの活用の恩恵が最も大きく、超過分は資産の配置と損益通算に配慮して課税の特定口座で保有します。\nNISA・iDeCoの税制優遇の最大化、課税口座をまたぐ資産の配置、控除が最も効く場面。\niDeCoの掛金控除は限界税率に比例し、高所得者で最も価値が高いです。\nNISAで非課税成長を活用し、超過分は課税の特定口座で保有します。\n資産の配置：成長資産はNISA、損失を活かす戦略は課税口座へ。\n課税口座の損失は利益と通算し3年繰越可。NISAの損失は不可。\n越境の結びつきで複雑さが増します——米国関係者や複数国は助言を。\n税制優遇が最も効く場面\n高所得者では、掛金控除が他の人以上に効きます。iDeCoの掛金は原則所得控除で、節税は限界税率に比例するため、同じ拠出でも高所得者にはより価値が高く、固定にもかかわらずiDeCoが特に魅力的になりがちです。NISAの利点は控除ではなく非課税成長ですが、利益の大きさと期間に応じて価値が高まります。\nよくある順序は、NISAを活用し、控除が有利で固定を受け入れられる範囲でiDeCoを最大化し、勤務先制度も併せて考えることです。加入前にiDeCoの上限と2026年12月の改正を確認します。\n資産の配置と超過分\nNISAとiDeCoの枠を使い切ると、追加分は課税の特定口座へ回り、資産の配置を考える価値が出ます。大まかに、長期で成長を見込む資産は非課税のNISAに置いてその枠を有効活用し、超過分・対象外資産・損失を活かす/取引の戦略は課税口座へ——ここでは損失を利益と通算し3年繰り越せ、NISAにはない救済です。\n残高が大きいほど、コストと越境の問題の重要度が増します。大きなポートフォリオへの1%の手数料は大きな円額のため、低コスト投信を優先します。米国関係者の地位や複数国との結びつきがあるなら、購入前にPFIC・外国税額控除・報告・遺産税の露出を含む個別助言を受けます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/high-income-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"高所得者は、iDeCoの所得控除とNISAの活用の恩恵が最も大きく、超過分は資産の配置と損益通算に配慮して課税の特定口座で保有します。\nNISA・iDeCoの税制優遇の最大化、課税口座をまたぐ資産の配置、控除が最も効く場面。\niDeCoの掛金控除は限界税率に比例し、高所得者で最も価値が高いです。\nNISAで非課税成長を活用し、超過分は課税の特定口座で保有します。\n資産の配置：成長資産はNISA、損失を活かす戦略は課税口座へ。\n課税口座の損失は利益と通算し3年繰越可。NISAの損失は不可。\n越境の結びつきで複雑さが増します——米国関係者や複数国は助言を。\n税制優遇が最も効く場面\n高所得者では、掛金控除が他の人以上に効きます。iDeCoの掛金は原則所得控除で、節税は限界税率に比例するため、同じ拠出でも高所得者にはより価値が高く、固定にもかかわらずiDeCoが特に魅力的になりがちです。NISAの利点は控除ではなく非課税成長ですが、利益の大きさと期間に応じて価値が高まります。\nよくある順序は、NISAを活用し、控除が有利で固定を受け入れられる範囲でiDeCoを最大化し、勤務先制度も併せて考えることです。加入前にiDeCoの上限と2026年12月の改正を確認します。\n資産の配置と超過分\nNISAとiDeCoの枠を使い切ると、追加分は課税の特定口座へ回り、資産の配置を考える価値が出ます。大まかに、長期で成長を見込む資産は非課税のNISAに置いてその枠を有効活用し、超過分・対象外資産・損失を活かす/取引の戦略は課税口座へ——ここでは損失を利益と通算し3年繰り越せ、NISAにはない救済です。\n残高が大きいほど、コストと越境の問題の重要度が増します。大きなポートフォリオへの1%の手数料は大きな円額のため、低コスト投信を優先します。米国関係者の地位や複数国との結びつきがあるなら、購入前にPFIC・外国税額控除・報告・遺産税の露出を含む個別助言を受けます。","url":"/ja/investing/high-income-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:global-investors-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:global-investors-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本から米国・全世界市場に投資する","plainText":"日本から広い全世界市場にアクセスしたい投資家は、外国市場の広さ・FXコスト・NISA対応で証券会社を比べます。IBKR証券と大手ネット証券が先行しますが、外国源泉徴収・通貨・税/データの複雑さも広さとともに増します。\n全世界にアクセスする証券会社選び、通貨とFXコスト、外国源泉徴収、複数市場投資家の税・データの複雑さ。\nIBKR証券・SBI・楽天・マネックスが、広い外国市場アクセスで先行します。\n円から外貨への両替には為替スプレッドがかかります。両替条件を比べます。\n外国配当はNISA内でも源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。\nアクセスが広いほど、管理すべき税・通貨・データの複雑さが増します。\n多くの人には、全世界1本のほうが多市場より簡単に世界分散を得られます。\n全世界アクセスの証券会社選び\n全世界ファンド経由ではなく多くの外国市場を直接取引したいなら、証券会社の広さが重要です。インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券は、英語対応が確認された中で最も広い全世界市場アクセスを提供し、大手ネット証券（SBI・楽天・マネックス）は米国や一部の外国市場に競争的な価格で対応します。必要な市場・商品に合わせて選び、対象の外国商品のNISA対応を確認します。\nコストは手数料だけではありません。円を外貨に両替する為替スプレッド（リアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社もあり、要確認）や、各市場の取引所・規制手数料が加わります。表面の手数料でなく総コストで考えます。\n源泉徴収・通貨・複雑さ\n全世界投資は3つの複雑さを加えます。外国配当はNISA内でも源泉地国の課税が残り得て、NISAが消すのは日本の税だけです。外国税額控除は通常日本での申告が必要で、NISAに日本の税がないことが回収を複雑にし得ます。通貨露出により、円リターンは資産価格に加え為替を反映します。そして多市場投資は、管理すべき記録・明細・税の詳細を増やします。\n多くの投資家には、広い全世界（オールカントリー）1本のほうが、多くの個別市場を組み立てるよりはるかに簡単に世界分散を得られます。直接の多市場アクセスは、ファンドにない商品が特に必要なときにのみ複雑さに見合います。米国納税者はこれら全てに米国での追加報告があり、越境助言を受けるべきです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/global-investors-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:global-equity-funds","guide:currency-risk-yen","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"日本から広い全世界市場にアクセスしたい投資家は、外国市場の広さ・FXコスト・NISA対応で証券会社を比べます。IBKR証券と大手ネット証券が先行しますが、外国源泉徴収・通貨・税/データの複雑さも広さとともに増します。\n全世界にアクセスする証券会社選び、通貨とFXコスト、外国源泉徴収、複数市場投資家の税・データの複雑さ。\nIBKR証券・SBI・楽天・マネックスが、広い外国市場アクセスで先行します。\n円から外貨への両替には為替スプレッドがかかります。両替条件を比べます。\n外国配当はNISA内でも源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。\nアクセスが広いほど、管理すべき税・通貨・データの複雑さが増します。\n多くの人には、全世界1本のほうが多市場より簡単に世界分散を得られます。\n全世界アクセスの証券会社選び\n全世界ファンド経由ではなく多くの外国市場を直接取引したいなら、証券会社の広さが重要です。インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券は、英語対応が確認された中で最も広い全世界市場アクセスを提供し、大手ネット証券（SBI・楽天・マネックス）は米国や一部の外国市場に競争的な価格で対応します。必要な市場・商品に合わせて選び、対象の外国商品のNISA対応を確認します。\nコストは手数料だけではありません。円を外貨に両替する為替スプレッド（リアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社もあり、要確認）や、各市場の取引所・規制手数料が加わります。表面の手数料でなく総コストで考えます。\n源泉徴収・通貨・複雑さ\n全世界投資は3つの複雑さを加えます。外国配当はNISA内でも源泉地国の課税が残り得て、NISAが消すのは日本の税だけです。外国税額控除は通常日本での申告が必要で、NISAに日本の税がないことが回収を複雑にし得ます。通貨露出により、円リターンは資産価格に加え為替を反映します。そして多市場投資は、管理すべき記録・明細・税の詳細を増やします。\n多くの投資家には、広い全世界（オールカントリー）1本のほうが、多くの個別市場を組み立てるよりはるかに簡単に世界分散を得られます。直接の多市場アクセスは、ファンドにない商品が特に必要なときにのみ複雑さに見合います。米国納税者はこれら全てに米国での追加報告があり、越境助言を受けるべきです。","url":"/ja/investing/global-investors-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:advised-investing-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:advised-investing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"人による金融アドバイスを使う投資","plainText":"フルサービス証券（野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ）やアドバイザーは、債券・IPO・相続・複雑な事情に役立ちますが、コストが高く販売の利益相反があり得ます。総コストとベンチマーク比較の明示を求めます。\nフルサービス証券やアドバイザーが価値を加える場面、コストと利益相反、要求すべきこと。\nフルサービスは、債券・IPO・相続や複雑/富裕層のニーズに役立ちます。\n店舗・総合コースの手数料は、ネット専業よりはるかに高いです。\nアドバイザーの報酬は中立ではなく、商品販売が利益相反を生み得ます。\nどの推奨にも、総コストとベンチマーク比較の明示を求めます。\n単純なパッシブ投資なら、ネット証券のほうが通常はるかに安いです。\n助言が価値を加える場面\nフルサービス証券——野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ——や人によるアドバイザーは、特定の場面で本当に役立ちます。債券やIPO配分、相続・遺産、越境の複雑さ、あるいは一部の投資家が重視する対面のサポートや店舗です。複雑・富裕層のニーズには、そのサービスは対価に見合い得ます。\nトレードオフはコストです。店舗・総合コースの手数料はネット証券より大幅に高いことがあり、通常の国内株取引で店舗の料率は1%を大きく超え得る一方、ネットはほぼ0です。単純なパッシブ投資では、この差は正当化しづらいです。\n利益相反と要求すべきこと\nアドバイザーの報酬が中立と決めつけないでください。アドバイザーや会社が特定商品の販売でより多く稼ぐとき、本質的な利益相反があり、推奨は販売の誘因とあなたの利益の両方を反映し得ます。助言が無価値というわけではありませんが、鵜呑みにせず推奨を精査すべきです。\n実務的な防御策：どの推奨にも、総コスト（手数料・ラップ/助言料・投信費用・隠れた費用）と、適切な低コストのベンチマークとの比較の明示を求めます。推奨商品が安い指数の代替に対しコストを正当化できないなら、理由を尋ねます。良いアドバイザーはこうした質問を歓迎します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/advised-investing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:robo-advisors-japan","guide:active-vs-passive-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"フルサービス証券（野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ）やアドバイザーは、債券・IPO・相続・複雑な事情に役立ちますが、コストが高く販売の利益相反があり得ます。総コストとベンチマーク比較の明示を求めます。\nフルサービス証券やアドバイザーが価値を加える場面、コストと利益相反、要求すべきこと。\nフルサービスは、債券・IPO・相続や複雑/富裕層のニーズに役立ちます。\n店舗・総合コースの手数料は、ネット専業よりはるかに高いです。\nアドバイザーの報酬は中立ではなく、商品販売が利益相反を生み得ます。\nどの推奨にも、総コストとベンチマーク比較の明示を求めます。\n単純なパッシブ投資なら、ネット証券のほうが通常はるかに安いです。\n助言が価値を加える場面\nフルサービス証券——野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ——や人によるアドバイザーは、特定の場面で本当に役立ちます。債券やIPO配分、相続・遺産、越境の複雑さ、あるいは一部の投資家が重視する対面のサポートや店舗です。複雑・富裕層のニーズには、そのサービスは対価に見合い得ます。\nトレードオフはコストです。店舗・総合コースの手数料はネット証券より大幅に高いことがあり、通常の国内株取引で店舗の料率は1%を大きく超え得る一方、ネットはほぼ0です。単純なパッシブ投資では、この差は正当化しづらいです。\n利益相反と要求すべきこと\nアドバイザーの報酬が中立と決めつけないでください。アドバイザーや会社が特定商品の販売でより多く稼ぐとき、本質的な利益相反があり、推奨は販売の誘因とあなたの利益の両方を反映し得ます。助言が無価値というわけではありませんが、鵜呑みにせず推奨を精査すべきです。\n実務的な防御策：どの推奨にも、総コスト（手数料・ラップ/助言料・投信費用・隠れた費用）と、適切な低コストのベンチマークとの比較の明示を求めます。推奨商品が安い指数の代替に対しコストを正当化できないなら、理由を尋ねます。良いアドバイザーはこうした質問を歓迎します。","url":"/ja/investing/advised-investing-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:temporary-residents-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:temporary-residents-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"近く日本を離れるかもしれない場合の投資","plainText":"滞在が不確かなら、NISAと流動性のある現金を比較し、持ち運べる単純な商品を優先し、開設前に各社の非居住者継続方針を確認し、出国手続を事前に書面で入手します。\nNISAを開くべきか、持ち運べる商品、証券会社の継続方針、滞在が不確かな場合の出国前計画。\nNISAは非居住者になると原則継続できません（特定の適格な場合を除く）。\n流動性が低く管理が複雑な商品より、持ち運べる単純で換金しやすい保有を優先します。\n口座開設前に、証券会社の非居住者・出国方針を確認します。\n出国時に解消が必要な大きなNISA残高を作るのは合理的でないことがあります。\n日本と渡航先の両方について、税・送金・記録を計画します。\nそもそもNISAを開くべきか\n数年は滞在するとほぼ確信できるなら、しっかりした現金準備と併せてNISAはなお有益です。近い出国が濃厚、または本当に不確かなら慎重に判断します。NISAは非居住者になると原則継続できない（事前申告した特定の一時出国を除く）ため、大きなNISA残高は出国時に解消が必要になり得て、都合の悪い時期になりかねません。\n滞在が不確かな場合の妥当な姿勢は、現金を多めに保ち、持ち運べる単純な商品で控えめに投資し、出国時の強制解消が高くつく・複雑になるポジションを避けることです。\n商品・方針・出国\n持ち運べる単純で換金しやすい保有——広い低コスト投信や広く保有される証券——を、国をまたいで移動・評価しにくい流動性の低い・管理が複雑な商品より優先します。口座を開く前に、証券会社の非居住者方針を確認します。出国後に課税口座を維持できるか、どの渡航先向けか、資産種別ごとにどうなるかです。\nポジションを作る前に出国を計画します。各社の出国手続を事前に書面で入手し、海外では新規のNISA買付ができない点を理解し、日本と渡航先の両方で税・売却代金の送金・記録を計画します。保有が重要または越境の事情があるなら個別助言を受けます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/temporary-residents-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-leaving-japan","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:nisa-when-not-first","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"滞在が不確かなら、NISAと流動性のある現金を比較し、持ち運べる単純な商品を優先し、開設前に各社の非居住者継続方針を確認し、出国手続を事前に書面で入手します。\nNISAを開くべきか、持ち運べる商品、証券会社の継続方針、滞在が不確かな場合の出国前計画。\nNISAは非居住者になると原則継続できません（特定の適格な場合を除く）。\n流動性が低く管理が複雑な商品より、持ち運べる単純で換金しやすい保有を優先します。\n口座開設前に、証券会社の非居住者・出国方針を確認します。\n出国時に解消が必要な大きなNISA残高を作るのは合理的でないことがあります。\n日本と渡航先の両方について、税・送金・記録を計画します。\nそもそもNISAを開くべきか\n数年は滞在するとほぼ確信できるなら、しっかりした現金準備と併せてNISAはなお有益です。近い出国が濃厚、または本当に不確かなら慎重に判断します。NISAは非居住者になると原則継続できない（事前申告した特定の一時出国を除く）ため、大きなNISA残高は出国時に解消が必要になり得て、都合の悪い時期になりかねません。\n滞在が不確かな場合の妥当な姿勢は、現金を多めに保ち、持ち運べる単純な商品で控えめに投資し、出国時の強制解消が高くつく・複雑になるポジションを避けることです。\n商品・方針・出国\n持ち運べる単純で換金しやすい保有——広い低コスト投信や広く保有される証券——を、国をまたいで移動・評価しにくい流動性の低い・管理が複雑な商品より優先します。口座を開く前に、証券会社の非居住者方針を確認します。出国後に課税口座を維持できるか、どの渡航先向けか、資産種別ごとにどうなるかです。\nポジションを作る前に出国を計画します。各社の出国手続を事前に書面で入手し、海外では新規のNISA買付ができない点を理解し、日本と渡航先の両方で税・売却代金の送金・記録を計画します。保有が重要または越境の事情があるなら個別助言を受けます。","url":"/ja/investing/temporary-residents-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:specified-vs-general-accounts:ja","entityId":"guide:specified-vs-general-accounts","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"特定口座と一般口座","plainText":"特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は証券会社が計算・源泉徴収し通常申告不要、源泉徴収なしは証券会社が計算し自分で申告、一般口座は自分ですべて計算します。\n特定口座（源泉徴収あり/なし）と一般口座、税務申告、それぞれ向く人。\n特定・源泉徴収あり：証券会社が源泉徴収し、通常申告不要。\n特定・源泉徴収なし：証券会社が年間報告書を出すが、通常は自分で申告。\n一般口座：取得価額と課税所得を自分で計算します。\n3種類とも課税口座で、NISAと併用できます。\n多くの人は簡便さから特定・源泉徴収ありを選びます。\n3つの口座タイプ\n日本の課税証券口座は3種類あります。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は、証券会社が損益を計算し源泉で日本の税を徴収するため、その取引は多くの場合申告不要です。源泉徴収なしは、年間の結果を計算して報告書をくれますが、通常は自分で申告・納税します。一般口座は、取得価額と課税所得を完全に自分で計算します。\n3種類とも（NISAと違い）課税口座で、NISAや相互に併用できます。違いは、税務事務を証券会社がどれだけ担うか、あなたがどれだけ担うかだけです。\nそれぞれ向く人\n多くの人には、特定口座（源泉徴収あり）が最も簡単です。証券会社が税を処理し、その取引の申告を完全に避けられることが多いです。主な欠点は、申告がなお有用なことがある点（例：口座をまたいだ損失通算や外国税額控除）と、申告した所得が場合により社会保険や扶養の計算に影響し得る点です。\n源泉徴収なしは、自分で申告と資金繰りを管理したい人に向きます。一般口座は、特定口座で扱えない資産・取引にのみ必要で、記録の負担が最も大きく、通常の投資の既定にはまれです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/specified-vs-general-accounts","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:nisa-vs-taxable-account","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:capital-gains-and-losses"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1476.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は証券会社が計算・源泉徴収し通常申告不要、源泉徴収なしは証券会社が計算し自分で申告、一般口座は自分ですべて計算します。\n特定口座（源泉徴収あり/なし）と一般口座、税務申告、それぞれ向く人。\n特定・源泉徴収あり：証券会社が源泉徴収し、通常申告不要。\n特定・源泉徴収なし：証券会社が年間報告書を出すが、通常は自分で申告。\n一般口座：取得価額と課税所得を自分で計算します。\n3種類とも課税口座で、NISAと併用できます。\n多くの人は簡便さから特定・源泉徴収ありを選びます。\n3つの口座タイプ\n日本の課税証券口座は3種類あります。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は、証券会社が損益を計算し源泉で日本の税を徴収するため、その取引は多くの場合申告不要です。源泉徴収なしは、年間の結果を計算して報告書をくれますが、通常は自分で申告・納税します。一般口座は、取得価額と課税所得を完全に自分で計算します。\n3種類とも（NISAと違い）課税口座で、NISAや相互に併用できます。違いは、税務事務を証券会社がどれだけ担うか、あなたがどれだけ担うかだけです。\nそれぞれ向く人\n多くの人には、特定口座（源泉徴収あり）が最も簡単です。証券会社が税を処理し、その取引の申告を完全に避けられることが多いです。主な欠点は、申告がなお有用なことがある点（例：口座をまたいだ損失通算や外国税額控除）と、申告した所得が場合により社会保険や扶養の計算に影響し得る点です。\n源泉徴収なしは、自分で申告と資金繰りを管理したい人に向きます。一般口座は、特定口座で扱えない資産・取引にのみ必要で、記録の負担が最も大きく、通常の投資の既定にはまれです。","url":"/ja/investing/specified-vs-general-accounts","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-vs-taxable-account:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-vs-taxable-account","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAと課税口座","plainText":"NISAは対象の利益・配当を非課税にするが上限があり損失控除がなく、課税口座は上限なしで損益通算・3年繰越ができるが利益に20.315%課税されます。よって成長資産はNISA、損失を活かす戦略は課税口座に置きます。\n利益・配当への課税、損失控除、商品制限、記録、資産配置の考え方。\nNISA：対象の利益に日本の課税なし。課税口座：通常20.315%。\n課税口座の損失は利益と通算し3年繰越可。NISAの損失は控除不可。\nNISAは商品・拠出の上限あり。課税口座はどちらもなし。\n源泉徴収の課税口座は申告を簡単に。NISAは国内では簡単。\n資産配置：成長資産はNISA、超過/対象外/損失戦略は課税口座へ。\n税と損失の扱い\n最大の違いは税です。課税口座では、上場証券の利益と対象配当が通常20.315%課税されます。NISAではその対象の利益が日本の課税を免れます——制度の核心的な利点で、長期に大きく成長を見込む資産で最も価値があります。\nただし課税口座には、NISAにない利点があります。損失救済です。課税口座の損失は対象の利益・配当と通算でき、申告すれば3年繰り越せます。NISAの損失は控除にならず繰越もできないため、損失の実現に依存する戦略はNISAではなく課税口座に向きます。\n上限と記録\nNISAは法律と証券会社のメニューで制限されます——対象商品のみ、年間・生涯枠まで。課税口座は拠出上限がなく商品範囲も広いため、NISA枠超過や対象外の資産を自然に保有します。\n記録面では、NISAは国内で簡単（計算すべき日本の税がない）で、特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は証券会社が計算・徴収して課税申告を簡単にします。いずれにせよ、特に複数の証券会社や外国資産があるなら、年間取引報告書を保管します。\n資産配置の考え方\n2つの口座は強みが逆のため、どの資産をどこに置くかが重要です。効率的な既定は、長期でプラスのリターンを見込む資産をNISAに置き——非課税枠が最も効く場所で使い——超過分・NISA対象外・損失を活かす戦略・アクティブ取引を、損益通算のある課税口座に置くことです。\n例：広い長期の株式ファンドは自然なNISA保有で、他の利益と相殺するため損失を実現し得る戦略は課税口座に向きます。多くの投資家はまずNISAを使い、残りを特定口座で保有します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-vs-taxable-account","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:specified-vs-general-accounts","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:nisa-complete-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1474.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"NISAは対象の利益・配当を非課税にするが上限があり損失控除がなく、課税口座は上限なしで損益通算・3年繰越ができるが利益に20.315%課税されます。よって成長資産はNISA、損失を活かす戦略は課税口座に置きます。\n利益・配当への課税、損失控除、商品制限、記録、資産配置の考え方。\nNISA：対象の利益に日本の課税なし。課税口座：通常20.315%。\n課税口座の損失は利益と通算し3年繰越可。NISAの損失は控除不可。\nNISAは商品・拠出の上限あり。課税口座はどちらもなし。\n源泉徴収の課税口座は申告を簡単に。NISAは国内では簡単。\n資産配置：成長資産はNISA、超過/対象外/損失戦略は課税口座へ。\n税と損失の扱い\n最大の違いは税です。課税口座では、上場証券の利益と対象配当が通常20.315%課税されます。NISAではその対象の利益が日本の課税を免れます——制度の核心的な利点で、長期に大きく成長を見込む資産で最も価値があります。\nただし課税口座には、NISAにない利点があります。損失救済です。課税口座の損失は対象の利益・配当と通算でき、申告すれば3年繰り越せます。NISAの損失は控除にならず繰越もできないため、損失の実現に依存する戦略はNISAではなく課税口座に向きます。\n上限と記録\nNISAは法律と証券会社のメニューで制限されます——対象商品のみ、年間・生涯枠まで。課税口座は拠出上限がなく商品範囲も広いため、NISA枠超過や対象外の資産を自然に保有します。\n記録面では、NISAは国内で簡単（計算すべき日本の税がない）で、特定口座（源泉徴収あり）は証券会社が計算・徴収して課税申告を簡単にします。いずれにせよ、特に複数の証券会社や外国資産があるなら、年間取引報告書を保管します。\n資産配置の考え方\n2つの口座は強みが逆のため、どの資産をどこに置くかが重要です。効率的な既定は、長期でプラスのリターンを見込む資産をNISAに置き——非課税枠が最も効く場所で使い——超過分・NISA対象外・損失を活かす戦略・アクティブ取引を、損益通算のある課税口座に置くことです。\n例：広い長期の株式ファンドは自然なNISA保有で、他の利益と相殺するため損失を実現し得る戦略は課税口座に向きます。多くの投資家はまずNISAを使い、残りを特定口座で保有します。","url":"/ja/investing/nisa-vs-taxable-account","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:capital-gains-and-losses:ja","entityId":"guide:capital-gains-and-losses","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"譲渡益と投資の損失","plainText":"譲渡益は売却代金から調整後の取得価額を引いたものです。課税口座の上場証券の損失は対象の利益・配当と通算でき申告すれば3年繰り越せますが、NISA内の損失は控除になりません。\n利益の計算、取得価額、損益通算、3年繰越、NISAの損失、複数証券会社。\n譲渡益＝売却代金−調整後の取得価額（および関連費用）。\n課税口座の上場証券の損失は、申告時に対象の利益・配当と通算します。\n未使用の損失は、必要な申告により最大3年繰り越せます。\nNISAの損失は控除にならず繰越もできません。\n複数の証券会社では通算に正確な申告値が必要——自分で記録を残します。\n利益の計算\n譲渡益は、売却代金から、売却したものの調整後の取得価額と関連費用を引いたものです。取得価額は支払額に購入費用を加えたもので、同じ銘柄を異なる価格で買った場合は平均法で1単位あたりの原価を決めます。特定口座では証券会社が計算し、一般口座では自分で管理します。\n取得価額を正しく出すことは、課税所得を直接決めるため重要です。誤りは通常、再投資額の失念、異なる価格の複数ロット、外貨換算から生じます。\n通算と繰越\n課税口座の対象の上場証券の損失は、対象の上場証券の利益・配当と通算できます。その年に通算しきれない損失は、将来の利益と相殺するため最大3年繰り越せます——ただし各年に必要な確定申告をした場合に限ります。この損失救済は課税投資の実質的な利点です。\n重要な点として、これはNISA内には適用されません。NISAで実現した損失は控除にならず、課税利益との通算も繰越もできません。よってNISAで損失を活かした節税はできず、損失を活かす戦略は課税口座に向きます。\n複数の証券会社と記録\n複数の証券会社を使う場合、一方の利益を他方の損失と相殺するには、通常、数字をまとめる確定申告が必要です——証券会社同士が自動で相殺することはありません。源泉徴収口座を外国や一般口座の結果と合わせる場合も同様です。\n自分で記録を残します。年間取引報告書・取得価額の詳細・配当明細を、単一の証券会社に依存せず保管します。特に一般口座・外国口座・出国・相続・母国での報告で重要です。証券会社の明細が永久にアクセス可能と決めつけないでください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/capital-gains-and-losses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:nisa-vs-taxable-account","guide:investment-records-and-statements","guide:specified-vs-general-accounts"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1474.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"譲渡益は売却代金から調整後の取得価額を引いたものです。課税口座の上場証券の損失は対象の利益・配当と通算でき申告すれば3年繰り越せますが、NISA内の損失は控除になりません。\n利益の計算、取得価額、損益通算、3年繰越、NISAの損失、複数証券会社。\n譲渡益＝売却代金−調整後の取得価額（および関連費用）。\n課税口座の上場証券の損失は、申告時に対象の利益・配当と通算します。\n未使用の損失は、必要な申告により最大3年繰り越せます。\nNISAの損失は控除にならず繰越もできません。\n複数の証券会社では通算に正確な申告値が必要——自分で記録を残します。\n利益の計算\n譲渡益は、売却代金から、売却したものの調整後の取得価額と関連費用を引いたものです。取得価額は支払額に購入費用を加えたもので、同じ銘柄を異なる価格で買った場合は平均法で1単位あたりの原価を決めます。特定口座では証券会社が計算し、一般口座では自分で管理します。\n取得価額を正しく出すことは、課税所得を直接決めるため重要です。誤りは通常、再投資額の失念、異なる価格の複数ロット、外貨換算から生じます。\n通算と繰越\n課税口座の対象の上場証券の損失は、対象の上場証券の利益・配当と通算できます。その年に通算しきれない損失は、将来の利益と相殺するため最大3年繰り越せます——ただし各年に必要な確定申告をした場合に限ります。この損失救済は課税投資の実質的な利点です。\n重要な点として、これはNISA内には適用されません。NISAで実現した損失は控除にならず、課税利益との通算も繰越もできません。よってNISAで損失を活かした節税はできず、損失を活かす戦略は課税口座に向きます。\n複数の証券会社と記録\n複数の証券会社を使う場合、一方の利益を他方の損失と相殺するには、通常、数字をまとめる確定申告が必要です——証券会社同士が自動で相殺することはありません。源泉徴収口座を外国や一般口座の結果と合わせる場合も同様です。\n自分で記録を残します。年間取引報告書・取得価額の詳細・配当明細を、単一の証券会社に依存せず保管します。特に一般口座・外国口座・出国・相続・母国での報告で重要です。証券会社の明細が永久にアクセス可能と決めつけないでください。","url":"/ja/investing/capital-gains-and-losses","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:taxes-on-dividends:ja","entityId":"guide:taxes-on-dividends","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"配当・分配金の税金","plainText":"日本の上場配当と投信の普通分配金はNISA外では通常20.315%課税されます。元本払戻しの特別分配金は非課税で、NISAは対象の支払いを非課税にでき（配当は株式数比例配分方式が必要）、外国配当は源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。\n日本の配当、投信の普通分配金と特別分配金、源泉徴収口座、NISAの扱い、外国配当。\n日本の上場配当と投信の普通分配金は、NISA外では通常20.315%課税。\n特別分配金（元本払戻金）は元本の返戻で、課税所得ではありません。\n源泉徴収口座は、多くの場合、配当の税を源泉で精算します。\nNISAでは、株式・ETF・REITの配当は株式数比例配分方式で非課税に。\n外国配当はNISA内でも源泉地国の課税があり得ます。\n日本の配当・分配金\n日本の上場株式の配当と投信の普通分配金は、NISA外では通常20.315%課税されます。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）では源泉で精算されることが多く、その支払いは申告不要のことがあります。配当を申告する方式には選択肢があり、状況により結果が変わるため、個別助言が役立ちます。\n普通分配金と特別分配金（元本払戻金）を区別します。特別分配金は自分の投資元本の返戻で所得ではないため、そもそも課税されません。高分配型の投信で重要で、表面上の分配の一部が、真の利益ではなく自分の元本の返戻であり得ます。\nNISAの扱い\nNISAは対象の配当・分配金を日本の課税から外せますが、仕組みは証券により異なります。上場株式・ETF・REITは、株式数比例配分方式を選び、配当を証券口座で受け取る必要があります。銀行や配当金領収証での受取はNISAでも20.315%源泉徴収を招き、後の申告では直せません。\nNISAで保有する投信の普通分配金は、その別途の選択なしに非課税です。支払いがファンドと口座の構造を通るためです。どの支払日より前にも、配当の受取方法を正しく設定します。\n外国配当\n外国配当は源泉地国の課税を加えます。例えば米国配当は、株式がNISAにあっても源泉で徴収され得ます——NISAが消すのは日本の税だけです。NISA外では、外国配当は源泉徴収の可能性と日本の税の両方に直面し、日本での申告により外国税額控除で二重課税を軽減できます。\nNISAはその所得に日本の税を残さないため、外国税額控除での回収が限られることがあり、外国配当の保有は源泉徴収後の利回りで試算します。米国納税者は、日本での扱いに関わらず同じ所得に米国での別途報告があります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/taxes-on-dividends","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-dividends","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:high-dividend-investing","guide:foreign-investment-income-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"日本の上場配当と投信の普通分配金はNISA外では通常20.315%課税されます。元本払戻しの特別分配金は非課税で、NISAは対象の支払いを非課税にでき（配当は株式数比例配分方式が必要）、外国配当は源泉地国の課税が残り得ます。\n日本の配当、投信の普通分配金と特別分配金、源泉徴収口座、NISAの扱い、外国配当。\n日本の上場配当と投信の普通分配金は、NISA外では通常20.315%課税。\n特別分配金（元本払戻金）は元本の返戻で、課税所得ではありません。\n源泉徴収口座は、多くの場合、配当の税を源泉で精算します。\nNISAでは、株式・ETF・REITの配当は株式数比例配分方式で非課税に。\n外国配当はNISA内でも源泉地国の課税があり得ます。\n日本の配当・分配金\n日本の上場株式の配当と投信の普通分配金は、NISA外では通常20.315%課税されます。特定口座（源泉徴収あり）では源泉で精算されることが多く、その支払いは申告不要のことがあります。配当を申告する方式には選択肢があり、状況により結果が変わるため、個別助言が役立ちます。\n普通分配金と特別分配金（元本払戻金）を区別します。特別分配金は自分の投資元本の返戻で所得ではないため、そもそも課税されません。高分配型の投信で重要で、表面上の分配の一部が、真の利益ではなく自分の元本の返戻であり得ます。\nNISAの扱い\nNISAは対象の配当・分配金を日本の課税から外せますが、仕組みは証券により異なります。上場株式・ETF・REITは、株式数比例配分方式を選び、配当を証券口座で受け取る必要があります。銀行や配当金領収証での受取はNISAでも20.315%源泉徴収を招き、後の申告では直せません。\nNISAで保有する投信の普通分配金は、その別途の選択なしに非課税です。支払いがファンドと口座の構造を通るためです。どの支払日より前にも、配当の受取方法を正しく設定します。\n外国配当\n外国配当は源泉地国の課税を加えます。例えば米国配当は、株式がNISAにあっても源泉で徴収され得ます——NISAが消すのは日本の税だけです。NISA外では、外国配当は源泉徴収の可能性と日本の税の両方に直面し、日本での申告により外国税額控除で二重課税を軽減できます。\nNISAはその所得に日本の税を残さないため、外国税額控除での回収が限られることがあり、外国配当の保有は源泉徴収後の利回りで試算します。米国納税者は、日本での扱いに関わらず同じ所得に米国での別途報告があります。","url":"/ja/investing/taxes-on-dividends","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-investment-income-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:foreign-investment-income-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国投資所得と税金","plainText":"日本の居住者として、外国投資所得はNISA外では通常日本の課税対象で、源泉地国の課税もあり得ます。外国税額控除は日本での申告により二重課税の一部を軽減でき、すべてを円換算し記録する必要があります。\n外国配当・利益、源泉地国の課税、外国税額控除、為替換算、海外証券口座。\n日本は居住者に全世界所得課税するため、外国の利益・配当はNISA外では通常課税されます。\n外国配当は源泉地国でも徴収され得ます（例：米国の源泉徴収）。\n外国税額控除で二重課税を軽減できますが、通常は日本での申告が必要です。\n外国の金額は適切なレートで円換算し、記録を残します。\n海外証券口座は、申告・送金・遺産・保護の複雑さを加えます。\n全世界所得と源泉徴収\n日本は居住者に全世界所得課税します。よってNISA外では、外国の配当・譲渡益も国内同様に日本の課税対象で、所定の税率が適用されます。加えて、多くの国は外国投資家への配当に源泉で課税します——例えば米国配当は米国の源泉徴収を伴うのが一般的です。\n結果として二重課税が起こり得ます。源泉地国が徴収し、日本が同じ所得に課税します。NISAは対象の保有について日本の層を外しますが外国の層は外さず、NISA内でも外国源泉徴収は残り得ます。\n外国税額控除と為替\n二重課税を軽減するため、日本の外国税額控除は、支払った外国税の一部を日本の税から控除できる場合があります——ただし通常は日本での申告と要件充足が必要です。NISAは対象所得に日本の税を残さないため、NISA保有の外国源泉徴収を控除で回収できないことがあり、源泉徴収後の結果で試算する理由になります。\nすべて円換算が必要です。所得と取得・処分に適切な為替レートを使い、金額とレートの記録を残します。為替換算は外貨建て証券の利益計算にも影響します。資産価格と為替の両方が動くためです。\n海外証券口座\n居住者が海外の証券会社で資産を持つのは合法ですが、複雑さが増します。日本の税は全世界所得に適用され続け、日本での申告・送金手続・越境の遺産税露出・異なる（または弱い）規制・投資者保護の枠組みを負います。海外口座は日本の税を回避する手段ではありません。\nこれらは個別性が高く、租税条約・報告義務・外国所在資産の遺産税露出が絡み得ます。外国所得や口座が重要な場合、一般的な案内に頼らず、個別の越境税務助言を受けてください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/foreign-investment-income-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:taxes-on-dividends","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:investment-records-and-statements"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1330.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"日本の居住者として、外国投資所得はNISA外では通常日本の課税対象で、源泉地国の課税もあり得ます。外国税額控除は日本での申告により二重課税の一部を軽減でき、すべてを円換算し記録する必要があります。\n外国配当・利益、源泉地国の課税、外国税額控除、為替換算、海外証券口座。\n日本は居住者に全世界所得課税するため、外国の利益・配当はNISA外では通常課税されます。\n外国配当は源泉地国でも徴収され得ます（例：米国の源泉徴収）。\n外国税額控除で二重課税を軽減できますが、通常は日本での申告が必要です。\n外国の金額は適切なレートで円換算し、記録を残します。\n海外証券口座は、申告・送金・遺産・保護の複雑さを加えます。\n全世界所得と源泉徴収\n日本は居住者に全世界所得課税します。よってNISA外では、外国の配当・譲渡益も国内同様に日本の課税対象で、所定の税率が適用されます。加えて、多くの国は外国投資家への配当に源泉で課税します——例えば米国配当は米国の源泉徴収を伴うのが一般的です。\n結果として二重課税が起こり得ます。源泉地国が徴収し、日本が同じ所得に課税します。NISAは対象の保有について日本の層を外しますが外国の層は外さず、NISA内でも外国源泉徴収は残り得ます。\n外国税額控除と為替\n二重課税を軽減するため、日本の外国税額控除は、支払った外国税の一部を日本の税から控除できる場合があります——ただし通常は日本での申告と要件充足が必要です。NISAは対象所得に日本の税を残さないため、NISA保有の外国源泉徴収を控除で回収できないことがあり、源泉徴収後の結果で試算する理由になります。\nすべて円換算が必要です。所得と取得・処分に適切な為替レートを使い、金額とレートの記録を残します。為替換算は外貨建て証券の利益計算にも影響します。資産価格と為替の両方が動くためです。\n海外証券口座\n居住者が海外の証券会社で資産を持つのは合法ですが、複雑さが増します。日本の税は全世界所得に適用され続け、日本での申告・送金手続・越境の遺産税露出・異なる（または弱い）規制・投資者保護の枠組みを負います。海外口座は日本の税を回避する手段ではありません。\nこれらは個別性が高く、租税条約・報告義務・外国所在資産の遺産税露出が絡み得ます。外国所得や口座が重要な場合、一般的な案内に頼らず、個別の越境税務助言を受けてください。","url":"/ja/investing/foreign-investment-income-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-records-and-statements:ja","entityId":"guide:investment-records-and-statements","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"投資の記録と年間報告書","plainText":"年間取引報告書・取得価額の記録・配当明細を、単一の証券会社に依存せず保管します。申告・損失繰越・出国・相続・母国での報告に必要です。\n年間取引報告書、取得価額の記録、配当明細、証券会社を離れる前に取得すべき書類、保管。\n年間取引報告書は、税務申告のため1年の取引をまとめます。\n取得価額の記録が課税所得を決めます——一般・外国口座で不可欠です。\n配当明細は所得と源泉徴収を記録します。\n証券会社を離れる・解約する前に、重要書類を取得します。\n記録は独立して保管——証券会社のアクセスが永続すると考えないこと。\n何を残すか\n最も重要な3つの記録があります。年間取引報告書は、その年の実現取引をまとめ、特定・源泉徴収なしや一般口座での税務申告の基礎になります。取得価額の記録は、課税所得を決める原価を確定します——一般口座・外国口座・手計算で不可欠です。配当明細は、受け取った所得と源泉徴収された税を記録します。\n外貨建ての保有では、使った為替レートも記録します。資産価格と為替の両方が円ベースの利益に影響するためです。これらの記録は、通算・損失繰越・外国税額控除を支えます。\n証券会社を離れる前に\n口座解約・証券会社の変更・出国の前に、重要書類を取得します。口座を閉じる・非居住者になると、過去の明細へのアクセスが困難になり得て、数年後に税務当局・相続・母国の報告のためになお必要になり得ます。年間報告書・取得価額の詳細・配当明細・保有の確認を保存します。\nNISA金融機関を変更する際は、既存保有が通常そのNISA関係のまま旧証券会社に残る点を思い出し、旧社の記録も保管します。出国時は、各社の出国手続を書面で入手し、まずすべてを取得します。\n保管の手順\n証券会社が記録を無期限に利用可能に保つと当てにしないでください。明細は削除され得て、画面は変わり、口座解約でアクセスが終わります。簡単な習慣を作ります。毎年、年間報告書と明細を自分の保管先に取得し、取得価額の記録を継続し、バックアップします。\n越境の状況では、日本と母国の両方の税務作成者が使える形——円と、必要に応じて外貨の数値——で記録を保ちます。良い記録は、ストレスの多い申告・出国・相続を、日常的なものに変えます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investment-records-and-statements","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-leaving-japan"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:capital-gains-and-losses","guide:taxes-on-investments-japan","guide:moving-abroad-with-investments","guide:foreign-investment-income-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1476.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"年間取引報告書・取得価額の記録・配当明細を、単一の証券会社に依存せず保管します。申告・損失繰越・出国・相続・母国での報告に必要です。\n年間取引報告書、取得価額の記録、配当明細、証券会社を離れる前に取得すべき書類、保管。\n年間取引報告書は、税務申告のため1年の取引をまとめます。\n取得価額の記録が課税所得を決めます——一般・外国口座で不可欠です。\n配当明細は所得と源泉徴収を記録します。\n証券会社を離れる・解約する前に、重要書類を取得します。\n記録は独立して保管——証券会社のアクセスが永続すると考えないこと。\n何を残すか\n最も重要な3つの記録があります。年間取引報告書は、その年の実現取引をまとめ、特定・源泉徴収なしや一般口座での税務申告の基礎になります。取得価額の記録は、課税所得を決める原価を確定します——一般口座・外国口座・手計算で不可欠です。配当明細は、受け取った所得と源泉徴収された税を記録します。\n外貨建ての保有では、使った為替レートも記録します。資産価格と為替の両方が円ベースの利益に影響するためです。これらの記録は、通算・損失繰越・外国税額控除を支えます。\n証券会社を離れる前に\n口座解約・証券会社の変更・出国の前に、重要書類を取得します。口座を閉じる・非居住者になると、過去の明細へのアクセスが困難になり得て、数年後に税務当局・相続・母国の報告のためになお必要になり得ます。年間報告書・取得価額の詳細・配当明細・保有の確認を保存します。\nNISA金融機関を変更する際は、既存保有が通常そのNISA関係のまま旧証券会社に残る点を思い出し、旧社の記録も保管します。出国時は、各社の出国手続を書面で入手し、まずすべてを取得します。\n保管の手順\n証券会社が記録を無期限に利用可能に保つと当てにしないでください。明細は削除され得て、画面は変わり、口座解約でアクセスが終わります。簡単な習慣を作ります。毎年、年間報告書と明細を自分の保管先に取得し、取得価額の記録を継続し、バックアップします。\n越境の状況では、日本と母国の両方の税務作成者が使える形——円と、必要に応じて外貨の数値——で記録を保ちます。良い記録は、ストレスの多い申告・出国・相続を、日常的なものに変えます。","url":"/ja/investing/investment-records-and-statements","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:cash-deposits-vs-bonds:ja","entityId":"guide:cash-deposits-vs-bonds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"普通預金・定期預金・国債の比較","plainText":"普通預金は即時換金、定期預金は期間中の金利を固定、個人向け国債は政府保証の元本を加えます。いずれも低リスクで低リターンの価値の保管手段で、すべてインフレリスクを持ちます。生活防衛資金には普通預金が向きます。\n流動性、金利の確実性、預金保険、インフレリスク、早期引き出し、生活防衛資金への適性。\n普通預金：即時換金、安定、リターンは極小。\n定期預金：期間中の金利を固定、途中解約に制限。\n個人向け国債：政府保証の元本、最低1万円、1年後に控除付きで換金可。\n銀行預金は1行あたり元本1,000万円まで保護。外貨預金は通常対象外。\nすべてインフレリスクあり——生活防衛資金は即時換金できる預金へ。\n流動性と金利の確実性\nこれら3つは、換金性とリターンを少しずつ交換します。普通預金は残高が安定し即時換金できますがリターンは最小です。定期預金は、固定のやや高い金利と引き換えに期間中お金を固定します——予測可能ですが途中解約に制限やペナルティがあります。個人向け国債は、政府保証の元本・最低1万円・毎月発行で、1年後に直前2回分の利子相当額を差し引いて換金できます。\nいずれも成長投資ではありません。お金を安全にそこそこ換金しやすく保つ場所で、違いは主に、どれだけ早く引き出せるかと、金利がどう決まるかです。\n保険とインフレ\n銀行預金は、1行・1預金者あたり元本1,000万円＋利息まで預金保険で保護されます。一部の無利息の決済用預金はより手厚く、外貨預金は通常対象外です。個人向け国債は、預金保険ではなく政府の信用に基づきます。大きな残高を複数行に分けると保護が変わります。\nこれらは1つのリスクを共有します。インフレです。リターンが低いため、円残高が減らなくても、物価上昇が実質購買力を削り得ます。確実さが成長より必要な短期・緊急の資金には問題ありませんが、だからこそ長期の資金は通常、全額を現金に置かず投資します。\n生活防衛資金にどれが向くか\n生活防衛資金は確実さと即時の換金が必要なため、普通預金が自然な置き場所です——市場リスクや解約ペナルティなしに、必要な日にお金へ到達できる必要があります。定期預金や国債は、既知の将来の日（1〜2年後の予定した購入）向けの資金に使え、やや高い金利や政府保証と引き換えに柔軟性を少し譲ります。\n原則は、いつお金が必要かに手段を合わせることです。緊急と近い支出には即時換金の預金、既知の短期目標には定期預金や国債、そして数年触れない資金にのみ投資です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/cash-deposits-vs-bonds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:saving-vs-investing","guide:japanese-government-bonds","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared","guide:investor-deposit-protection"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"預金保険機構","url":"https://www.dic.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"財務省","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/jgbs/individual/kojinmuke/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"普通預金は即時換金、定期預金は期間中の金利を固定、個人向け国債は政府保証の元本を加えます。いずれも低リスクで低リターンの価値の保管手段で、すべてインフレリスクを持ちます。生活防衛資金には普通預金が向きます。\n流動性、金利の確実性、預金保険、インフレリスク、早期引き出し、生活防衛資金への適性。\n普通預金：即時換金、安定、リターンは極小。\n定期預金：期間中の金利を固定、途中解約に制限。\n個人向け国債：政府保証の元本、最低1万円、1年後に控除付きで換金可。\n銀行預金は1行あたり元本1,000万円まで保護。外貨預金は通常対象外。\nすべてインフレリスクあり——生活防衛資金は即時換金できる預金へ。\n流動性と金利の確実性\nこれら3つは、換金性とリターンを少しずつ交換します。普通預金は残高が安定し即時換金できますがリターンは最小です。定期預金は、固定のやや高い金利と引き換えに期間中お金を固定します——予測可能ですが途中解約に制限やペナルティがあります。個人向け国債は、政府保証の元本・最低1万円・毎月発行で、1年後に直前2回分の利子相当額を差し引いて換金できます。\nいずれも成長投資ではありません。お金を安全にそこそこ換金しやすく保つ場所で、違いは主に、どれだけ早く引き出せるかと、金利がどう決まるかです。\n保険とインフレ\n銀行預金は、1行・1預金者あたり元本1,000万円＋利息まで預金保険で保護されます。一部の無利息の決済用預金はより手厚く、外貨預金は通常対象外です。個人向け国債は、預金保険ではなく政府の信用に基づきます。大きな残高を複数行に分けると保護が変わります。\nこれらは1つのリスクを共有します。インフレです。リターンが低いため、円残高が減らなくても、物価上昇が実質購買力を削り得ます。確実さが成長より必要な短期・緊急の資金には問題ありませんが、だからこそ長期の資金は通常、全額を現金に置かず投資します。\n生活防衛資金にどれが向くか\n生活防衛資金は確実さと即時の換金が必要なため、普通預金が自然な置き場所です——市場リスクや解約ペナルティなしに、必要な日にお金へ到達できる必要があります。定期預金や国債は、既知の将来の日（1〜2年後の予定した購入）向けの資金に使え、やや高い金利や政府保証と引き換えに柔軟性を少し譲ります。\n原則は、いつお金が必要かに手段を合わせることです。緊急と近い支出には即時換金の預金、既知の短期目標には定期預金や国債、そして数年触れない資金にのみ投資です。","url":"/ja/investing/cash-deposits-vs-bonds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:corporate-pensions-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:corporate-pensions-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の企業年金","plainText":"企業型確定拠出（DC）と確定給付（DB）は、会社の拠出と規約ごとの規則を持つ勤務先の退職給付です。マッチング・メニュー・持ち運びを確認し、NISAやiDeCoの枠と調整します。\n企業型DCと確定給付、従業員拠出とマッチング、持ち運び、NISA・iDeCoとの調整。\n企業型DC：会社（時に従業員）が、自分で選ぶ運用メニューに拠出。\n確定給付（DB）：会社が算式に基づく給付を約束し、リスクを多く負います。\n会社のマッチング・拠出は実質無料のお金——放置しないこと。\n転職時の持ち運びの規則があります。移る前に確認します。\n企業制度はiDeCoの拠出枠を減らし得ます——3つを調整します。\nDCと確定給付\n日本の勤務先は、企業型確定拠出（企業型DC）、確定給付企業年金、または退職金を提供し得ます。企業型DCでは、会社（時にあなた）が口座に拠出し、制度のメニューから運用を選びます。将来の給付は拠出と運用成績によります。確定給付では、会社が算式（給与・勤続など）に基づく給付を約束し、運用・長寿のリスクを多く負います。\n実際の違いは、誰がリスクを負い誰が運用を選ぶかです。DCは管理性と持ち運びを与えますが市場リスクがあり、DBは予測可能性を与えますが個人の管理は少なくなります。\n拠出と持ち運び\n会社が拠出・マッチングする場合、それは実質的に無料のリターンで、受け取ることは自分の口座を優先するより通常有利です——これはNISAより先に来て合理的な数少ないものの一つです。制度文書で拠出規則・マッチング・権利確定・運用メニューを確認し、その中の低コストで分散された選択肢を優先します。\n転職時は持ち運びが重要です。企業型DCの資産は通常移換でき（例：新しい勤務先の制度やiDeCoへ）、確定給付・退職金の扱いは規約ごとです。転職前に規則を確認し、拠出と残高の記録を残します。\nNISA・iDeCoとの調整\n勤務先制度はiDeCoと関係します。企業型DCやDBへの加入は、iDeCoに拠出できる額を減らし得て、上限は具体的な加入状況によります。iDeCoの額を決める前に年金区分と勤務先制度の状況を確認し、2026年12月の改正前後で再確認します。\n多くの人に妥当な順序は、まず会社のマッチングを受け取り、次に柔軟な非課税成長のためNISA、そして控除が有利で固定を許容できる範囲でiDeCoです——会社のお金を放置せず、iDeCoの上限も超えないよう調整します。制度が複雑なら、制度文書を取り寄せ、必要なら専門家の助言を受けます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/corporate-pensions-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:investing-for-retirement","guide:investment-accounts-japan-compared"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/employeespension/employee.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Pension Service","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/nationalpension/nationalpension.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"企業型確定拠出（DC）と確定給付（DB）は、会社の拠出と規約ごとの規則を持つ勤務先の退職給付です。マッチング・メニュー・持ち運びを確認し、NISAやiDeCoの枠と調整します。\n企業型DCと確定給付、従業員拠出とマッチング、持ち運び、NISA・iDeCoとの調整。\n企業型DC：会社（時に従業員）が、自分で選ぶ運用メニューに拠出。\n確定給付（DB）：会社が算式に基づく給付を約束し、リスクを多く負います。\n会社のマッチング・拠出は実質無料のお金——放置しないこと。\n転職時の持ち運びの規則があります。移る前に確認します。\n企業制度はiDeCoの拠出枠を減らし得ます——3つを調整します。\nDCと確定給付\n日本の勤務先は、企業型確定拠出（企業型DC）、確定給付企業年金、または退職金を提供し得ます。企業型DCでは、会社（時にあなた）が口座に拠出し、制度のメニューから運用を選びます。将来の給付は拠出と運用成績によります。確定給付では、会社が算式（給与・勤続など）に基づく給付を約束し、運用・長寿のリスクを多く負います。\n実際の違いは、誰がリスクを負い誰が運用を選ぶかです。DCは管理性と持ち運びを与えますが市場リスクがあり、DBは予測可能性を与えますが個人の管理は少なくなります。\n拠出と持ち運び\n会社が拠出・マッチングする場合、それは実質的に無料のリターンで、受け取ることは自分の口座を優先するより通常有利です——これはNISAより先に来て合理的な数少ないものの一つです。制度文書で拠出規則・マッチング・権利確定・運用メニューを確認し、その中の低コストで分散された選択肢を優先します。\n転職時は持ち運びが重要です。企業型DCの資産は通常移換でき（例：新しい勤務先の制度やiDeCoへ）、確定給付・退職金の扱いは規約ごとです。転職前に規則を確認し、拠出と残高の記録を残します。\nNISA・iDeCoとの調整\n勤務先制度はiDeCoと関係します。企業型DCやDBへの加入は、iDeCoに拠出できる額を減らし得て、上限は具体的な加入状況によります。iDeCoの額を決める前に年金区分と勤務先制度の状況を確認し、2026年12月の改正前後で再確認します。\n多くの人に妥当な順序は、まず会社のマッチングを受け取り、次に柔軟な非課税成長のためNISA、そして控除が有利で固定を許容できる範囲でiDeCoです——会社のお金を放置せず、iDeCoの上限も超えないよう調整します。制度が複雑なら、制度文書を取り寄せ、必要なら専門家の助言を受けます。","url":"/ja/investing/corporate-pensions-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-stock-and-fund-orders-work:ja","entityId":"guide:how-stock-and-fund-orders-work","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の株式・投信の注文の仕組み","plainText":"株式の注文は成行（速いが価格は不確実）か指値（価格指定だが約定しないことも）です。投信は後で算出される1日1回の基準価額で約定し、いずれも約定日の数営業日後に受渡しされます。表示価格が必ず得られるわけではありません。\n成行と指値、投信の基準価額のタイミング、約定日と受渡日、売買スプレッド、取消し。\n成行注文：利用可能な価格で速く約定するが、価格は保証されません。\n指値注文：指定価格以上でのみ約定するが、約定しないことがあります。\n投信は、注文締切後に算出される1日1回の基準価額で約定——表示価格ではありません。\n約定日と受渡日は異なり、現金の利用可能時期は受渡しに従います。\nETF・株式には売買スプレッドがあります。相場が動く前に取消し規則を把握します。\n成行と指値\n株式・ETFでは、2つの基本注文が「約定の確実性」と「価格の確実性」を交換します。成行（成行）は利用可能な価格で速やかに約定するため約定しやすいですが、正確な価格は保証されません——値動きの速い・薄い市場ではリスクです。指値（指値）は指定価格以上でのみ約定し、価格を管理できる代わりに約定しないことがあります。\n初心者はしばしば、見た価格で約定すると思い込みますが、成行では特に流動性の低い証券でそうならないことがあります。最も流動的な銘柄以外は指値を使うのが、嫌な驚きを避ける簡単な方法です。\n投信の基準価額のタイミング\n投信は異なります。ライブ価格で連続的に売買されません。投信の注文を出すと、注文締切後に1日1回算出される基準価額で約定します。よって最終的に支払う価格は、注文時に表示された価格ではなく、後で算出される基準価額で、高くも安くもなり得ます。\nよくある初心者の誤りは、表示された数値が保証されると思うことです。1万円の積立投信では通常問題なく予測可能ですが、約定価格はリアルタイムの気配ではなくその日の基準価額を反映すると理解します。\n受渡し・スプレッド・取消し\n約定日（注文が成立する日）と受渡日（現金と証券が実際に移動する日）は同じではありません——受渡しは数営業日後で、現金の利用可能時期や出金のタイミングは約定日ではなく受渡しに従います。特定の日に代金が必要なら、これを見込んで計画します。\n株式・ETFには、投信の1日1回の基準価額と違い、売買スプレッド（買値と売値の差）が暗黙のコストとしてあります。最後に取消し規則を把握します。約定した注文は取り消せず、締切後の投信注文は次の基準価額で約定します。これらの仕組みの理解が、最も多い執行の誤りを防ぎます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/how-stock-and-fund-orders-work","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:index-funds-vs-etfs","guide:portfolio-rebalancing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"株式の注文は成行（速いが価格は不確実）か指値（価格指定だが約定しないことも）です。投信は後で算出される1日1回の基準価額で約定し、いずれも約定日の数営業日後に受渡しされます。表示価格が必ず得られるわけではありません。\n成行と指値、投信の基準価額のタイミング、約定日と受渡日、売買スプレッド、取消し。\n成行注文：利用可能な価格で速く約定するが、価格は保証されません。\n指値注文：指定価格以上でのみ約定するが、約定しないことがあります。\n投信は、注文締切後に算出される1日1回の基準価額で約定——表示価格ではありません。\n約定日と受渡日は異なり、現金の利用可能時期は受渡しに従います。\nETF・株式には売買スプレッドがあります。相場が動く前に取消し規則を把握します。\n成行と指値\n株式・ETFでは、2つの基本注文が「約定の確実性」と「価格の確実性」を交換します。成行（成行）は利用可能な価格で速やかに約定するため約定しやすいですが、正確な価格は保証されません——値動きの速い・薄い市場ではリスクです。指値（指値）は指定価格以上でのみ約定し、価格を管理できる代わりに約定しないことがあります。\n初心者はしばしば、見た価格で約定すると思い込みますが、成行では特に流動性の低い証券でそうならないことがあります。最も流動的な銘柄以外は指値を使うのが、嫌な驚きを避ける簡単な方法です。\n投信の基準価額のタイミング\n投信は異なります。ライブ価格で連続的に売買されません。投信の注文を出すと、注文締切後に1日1回算出される基準価額で約定します。よって最終的に支払う価格は、注文時に表示された価格ではなく、後で算出される基準価額で、高くも安くもなり得ます。\nよくある初心者の誤りは、表示された数値が保証されると思うことです。1万円の積立投信では通常問題なく予測可能ですが、約定価格はリアルタイムの気配ではなくその日の基準価額を反映すると理解します。\n受渡し・スプレッド・取消し\n約定日（注文が成立する日）と受渡日（現金と証券が実際に移動する日）は同じではありません——受渡しは数営業日後で、現金の利用可能時期や出金のタイミングは約定日ではなく受渡しに従います。特定の日に代金が必要なら、これを見込んで計画します。\n株式・ETFには、投信の1日1回の基準価額と違い、売買スプレッド（買値と売値の差）が暗黙のコストとしてあります。最後に取消し規則を把握します。約定した注文は取り消せず、締切後の投信注文は次の基準価額で約定します。これらの仕組みの理解が、最も多い執行の誤りを防ぎます。","url":"/ja/investing/how-stock-and-fund-orders-work","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:portfolio-rebalancing:ja","entityId":"guide:portfolio-rebalancing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポートフォリオのリバランス","plainText":"リバランスは、相場で動いた株式・債券の比率を目標に戻します。税効率の良い方法は、新規の拠出を過小資産へ向け、必要なときだけ売ることで、課税利益の実現よりNISA内の売買や資金の流れを優先します。\n配分がずれる理由、定期・乖離リバランス、拠出の活用、NISAと課税口座の考慮。\n資産が異なる速度で上下するため、配分はずれていきます。\n定期リバランス（例：年1回）と乖離リバランス（例：±5%）が一般的な規則です。\n新規の拠出でのリバランスは、売却とその税を避けます。\nNISA外では売却で課税利益が生じ、NISA内では買い直しで年間枠を使います。\n例：60/40の目標で、株式が65%超または55%未満になったらリバランス。\n配分がずれる理由\n望むリスク量に合うため、目標配分——例えば株式60%・債券40%——を選びます。しかし相場は各要素を異なる速度で動かします。株式が好調だと60/40が70/30になり、意図より静かにリスクが高まります。暴落後は50/50になり、計画より保守的になります。リバランスは目標を戻し、リスクを決めた水準に保ちます。\nリバランスはリターンを高める手品ではなく規律です。主な価値は、リスクを計画に沿わせ、感情ではなく機械的に「高く売り安く買う」を実行することです。\n定期・乖離・拠出\n一般的な規則が2つあります。定期リバランスは、例えば年1回など予定に沿って確認・調整します。乖離リバランスは、資産が帯を超えてずれたときだけ動きます——例えば60/40で株式が65%超または55%未満になったら。多くの投資家は両者を組み合わせ、予定で確認しつつ帯を超えたときだけ売買し、無用な小さな取引を避けます。\n最も税・コスト効率が良いのは、新規の拠出でのリバランスです。毎月の新しい資金を過小の資産へ向け、何も売らずに比率を戻します。積立投資家には、これだけで配分が帯内に収まることがよくあります。\nNISAと課税口座の考慮\nどこでリバランスするかは税に影響します。課税口座では、上がった資産を売ってリバランスすると20.315%課税される利益が実現するため、まず新規の拠出・配当・資金の流れを優先します。NISA内では売却で日本の税は生じませんが、買い直しが年間枠を消費し、売った生涯枠は翌年に戻るため、やはり拠出のほうが良い手段です。\n実務的な優先順位：可能なら新規の拠出でリバランス、次にNISA内の売買（無税だが枠に注意）、そして必要なときだけ課税口座で売却し税を受け入れます。手順は単純かつ低頻度に保ちます——過度なリバランスは、結果を改善せずコストと手間を増やします。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/portfolio-rebalancing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:portfolio-maintenance","guide:diversification-asset-allocation","guide:how-stock-and-fund-orders-work","guide:balanced-funds"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"リバランスは、相場で動いた株式・債券の比率を目標に戻します。税効率の良い方法は、新規の拠出を過小資産へ向け、必要なときだけ売ることで、課税利益の実現よりNISA内の売買や資金の流れを優先します。\n配分がずれる理由、定期・乖離リバランス、拠出の活用、NISAと課税口座の考慮。\n資産が異なる速度で上下するため、配分はずれていきます。\n定期リバランス（例：年1回）と乖離リバランス（例：±5%）が一般的な規則です。\n新規の拠出でのリバランスは、売却とその税を避けます。\nNISA外では売却で課税利益が生じ、NISA内では買い直しで年間枠を使います。\n例：60/40の目標で、株式が65%超または55%未満になったらリバランス。\n配分がずれる理由\n望むリスク量に合うため、目標配分——例えば株式60%・債券40%——を選びます。しかし相場は各要素を異なる速度で動かします。株式が好調だと60/40が70/30になり、意図より静かにリスクが高まります。暴落後は50/50になり、計画より保守的になります。リバランスは目標を戻し、リスクを決めた水準に保ちます。\nリバランスはリターンを高める手品ではなく規律です。主な価値は、リスクを計画に沿わせ、感情ではなく機械的に「高く売り安く買う」を実行することです。\n定期・乖離・拠出\n一般的な規則が2つあります。定期リバランスは、例えば年1回など予定に沿って確認・調整します。乖離リバランスは、資産が帯を超えてずれたときだけ動きます——例えば60/40で株式が65%超または55%未満になったら。多くの投資家は両者を組み合わせ、予定で確認しつつ帯を超えたときだけ売買し、無用な小さな取引を避けます。\n最も税・コスト効率が良いのは、新規の拠出でのリバランスです。毎月の新しい資金を過小の資産へ向け、何も売らずに比率を戻します。積立投資家には、これだけで配分が帯内に収まることがよくあります。\nNISAと課税口座の考慮\nどこでリバランスするかは税に影響します。課税口座では、上がった資産を売ってリバランスすると20.315%課税される利益が実現するため、まず新規の拠出・配当・資金の流れを優先します。NISA内では売却で日本の税は生じませんが、買い直しが年間枠を消費し、売った生涯枠は翌年に戻るため、やはり拠出のほうが良い手段です。\n実務的な優先順位：可能なら新規の拠出でリバランス、次にNISA内の売買（無税だが枠に注意）、そして必要なときだけ課税口座で売却し税を受け入れます。手順は単純かつ低頻度に保ちます——過度なリバランスは、結果を改善せずコストと手間を増やします。","url":"/ja/investing/portfolio-rebalancing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:portfolio-maintenance:ja","entityId":"guide:portfolio-maintenance","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"投資ポートフォリオの維持","plainText":"毎月の軽い運用確認、コストと配分の年次見直し、大きなライフイベント時の見直しでポートフォリオを維持します。ニュースに反応せず、拠出で目標に戻します。\n毎月・毎年・イベント時の見直し、戦略変更の要否、年次チェックリスト。\n運用アラート（積立・セキュリティ）は毎月、戦略見直しは年1〜2回。\nライフイベント（収入・家族・在留）は見直しの契機。ニュースは違います。\n毎年、コスト・投信・証券会社・受取人・税務記録を見直します。\n可能な限り拠出で目標へリバランスします。\n取り崩しに備え、税・出国のための記録を保ちます。\n見直しの頻度\n良い維持は、ほとんどが軽く低頻度です。毎月は、自動積立が実行されたことと、口座のセキュリティが健全なこと（アラート有効・不審な操作なし）を確認するだけで十分で、成績を見る必要はありません。年1〜2回、戦略的な見直しを行います。配分は目標近くか、コストはなお低いか、投信と証券会社はなお最適か。\nイベント時の見直しが第3の層です。収入・家族・雇用・在留の大きな変化の後、計画がなお合うかを再確認します。目的は、常にいじる計画ではなく、着実に保ち、適切な時に意図的に調整する計画です。\n戦略を変える・変えないもの\n最も難しい規律は、雑音に反応しないことです。相場の下落・怖いニュース・耳寄りな情報だけで戦略を変えるべきではありません——先月あなたの目標に合っていた配分は、価格が動いただけで間違いにはなりません。ニュースへの反応は、投資家が長期の結果を損なう最も多い方法です。\n変更の契機になるべきもの：目標・時間軸・収入の安定・リスクキャパシティの変化、結婚・出産・転職・海外転居の予定などのライフイベント、または投信・証券会社の本当の問題（大きなコスト増、繰上償還）。市場の変化ではなく、人生の変化のために計画を変えます。\n年次チェックリスト\n年1回、簡単なチェックリストを実行します。配分が帯内かを確認し、必要なら拠出でリバランス。コストを確認——投信の手数料、より良い/安い投信や証券会社が今あるか。受取人と口座情報を見直します。税のため、その年の取引報告書と配当明細を保管します。取り崩しが近いなら、現金の緩衝と取崩し計画を確認します。\n越境の結びつきがある人は、外国の義務と、必要なら出国手続の確認を加えます。これを年次の習慣に留めることで、放置と過度ないじりの両方を防ぎ、税の時期や将来の転居をはるかに円滑にします。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/portfolio-maintenance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:portfolio-rebalancing","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:investment-records-and-statements","guide:investing-for-retirement"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"毎月の軽い運用確認、コストと配分の年次見直し、大きなライフイベント時の見直しでポートフォリオを維持します。ニュースに反応せず、拠出で目標に戻します。\n毎月・毎年・イベント時の見直し、戦略変更の要否、年次チェックリスト。\n運用アラート（積立・セキュリティ）は毎月、戦略見直しは年1〜2回。\nライフイベント（収入・家族・在留）は見直しの契機。ニュースは違います。\n毎年、コスト・投信・証券会社・受取人・税務記録を見直します。\n可能な限り拠出で目標へリバランスします。\n取り崩しに備え、税・出国のための記録を保ちます。\n見直しの頻度\n良い維持は、ほとんどが軽く低頻度です。毎月は、自動積立が実行されたことと、口座のセキュリティが健全なこと（アラート有効・不審な操作なし）を確認するだけで十分で、成績を見る必要はありません。年1〜2回、戦略的な見直しを行います。配分は目標近くか、コストはなお低いか、投信と証券会社はなお最適か。\nイベント時の見直しが第3の層です。収入・家族・雇用・在留の大きな変化の後、計画がなお合うかを再確認します。目的は、常にいじる計画ではなく、着実に保ち、適切な時に意図的に調整する計画です。\n戦略を変える・変えないもの\n最も難しい規律は、雑音に反応しないことです。相場の下落・怖いニュース・耳寄りな情報だけで戦略を変えるべきではありません——先月あなたの目標に合っていた配分は、価格が動いただけで間違いにはなりません。ニュースへの反応は、投資家が長期の結果を損なう最も多い方法です。\n変更の契機になるべきもの：目標・時間軸・収入の安定・リスクキャパシティの変化、結婚・出産・転職・海外転居の予定などのライフイベント、または投信・証券会社の本当の問題（大きなコスト増、繰上償還）。市場の変化ではなく、人生の変化のために計画を変えます。\n年次チェックリスト\n年1回、簡単なチェックリストを実行します。配分が帯内かを確認し、必要なら拠出でリバランス。コストを確認——投信の手数料、より良い/安い投信や証券会社が今あるか。受取人と口座情報を見直します。税のため、その年の取引報告書と配当明細を保管します。取り崩しが近いなら、現金の緩衝と取崩し計画を確認します。\n越境の結びつきがある人は、外国の義務と、必要なら出国手続の確認を加えます。これを年次の習慣に留めることで、放置と過度ないじりの両方を防ぎ、税の時期や将来の転居をはるかに円滑にします。","url":"/ja/investing/portfolio-maintenance","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner:ja","entityId":"guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者の証券口座開設","plainText":"外国人居住者は通常、在留カード・マイナンバー・同一名義の日本の銀行口座・有効な税務上の居住地の申告が必要です。申込はオンラインか郵送で会社により異なり、却下の多くは氏名不一致や書類の残存有効期間の短さから生じます。\n在留カード、マイナンバー、日本の銀行口座、氏名の一致、在留資格、却下の対処。\n基本書類：在留カード・マイナンバー・本人名義の日本の銀行口座。\n日本と外国の税務上の居住地を申告。米国人はFATCAの追加手続。\n完全オンライン開設可の会社と、外国籍に郵送を要する会社があります。\n書類間の氏名の一致が、最も多い成否の分かれ目です。\n在留カードの残存有効期間が短いと、開設が遅れる・できないことがあります。\n必要書類\n基本要件は、日本の居住地住所、本人確認書類（マイナンバーカード・在留カード・運転免許証・パスポートの認められた組み合わせ）、マイナンバー、入出金のための本人名義の日本の銀行口座との連携です。加えて、日本と外国の税務上の居住地を申告し、雇用・インサイダー・資金源の情報を提供します。\nマイナンバーカードは通常、本人確認が最も速くなります。マイナンバーカードのない在留カードは、追加のマイナンバー・住所書類とともに受理されることが多いです。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者はFATCAの申告を行い、商品制限を受けることがあります。\nオンラインと郵送、在留資格\n申込方法は会社で異なります。在留カードで完全オンライン開設できる会社もあれば、外国籍には郵送手続を要し時間がかかる会社もあります。SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井は在留カード書類を受け付ける手続を公表していますが、オンライン/郵送の経路は異なります。選ぶ前に、自分の国籍向けの現行手続を確認します。\n税法は在留基準ですが、在留資格・在留カードの有効期間は重要です。残存有効期間が短いと、どれだけの期間サービスできるかを会社が評価するため、開設が遅れる・できないことがあります。申込前にカードに十分な残り期間があることを確認します。\n却下の対処\nよくある却下理由は、書類間の氏名不一致、書類の有効期間の短さ、対応外の国籍・税務上の居住地、他機関でのNISA重複、本人確認の失敗です。重要な公的地位（PEP）や制裁対象国との関係は、強化審査や却下を招き得て、これらの方針が完全に公表されることはまれです。\n再申込の前に、具体的な原因を直します。在留カード・銀行記録・申込書で氏名を一致させ、期限が近いカードを更新し、NISA重複を解消し、会社が国籍・在留資格を受け入れるか確認します。NISA重複が原因なら、まず他機関からの移管・廃止書類が必要になり得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:brokerage-name-matching","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:what-is-nisa"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"外国人居住者は通常、在留カード・マイナンバー・同一名義の日本の銀行口座・有効な税務上の居住地の申告が必要です。申込はオンラインか郵送で会社により異なり、却下の多くは氏名不一致や書類の残存有効期間の短さから生じます。\n在留カード、マイナンバー、日本の銀行口座、氏名の一致、在留資格、却下の対処。\n基本書類：在留カード・マイナンバー・本人名義の日本の銀行口座。\n日本と外国の税務上の居住地を申告。米国人はFATCAの追加手続。\n完全オンライン開設可の会社と、外国籍に郵送を要する会社があります。\n書類間の氏名の一致が、最も多い成否の分かれ目です。\n在留カードの残存有効期間が短いと、開設が遅れる・できないことがあります。\n必要書類\n基本要件は、日本の居住地住所、本人確認書類（マイナンバーカード・在留カード・運転免許証・パスポートの認められた組み合わせ）、マイナンバー、入出金のための本人名義の日本の銀行口座との連携です。加えて、日本と外国の税務上の居住地を申告し、雇用・インサイダー・資金源の情報を提供します。\nマイナンバーカードは通常、本人確認が最も速くなります。マイナンバーカードのない在留カードは、追加のマイナンバー・住所書類とともに受理されることが多いです。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者はFATCAの申告を行い、商品制限を受けることがあります。\nオンラインと郵送、在留資格\n申込方法は会社で異なります。在留カードで完全オンライン開設できる会社もあれば、外国籍には郵送手続を要し時間がかかる会社もあります。SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井は在留カード書類を受け付ける手続を公表していますが、オンライン/郵送の経路は異なります。選ぶ前に、自分の国籍向けの現行手続を確認します。\n税法は在留基準ですが、在留資格・在留カードの有効期間は重要です。残存有効期間が短いと、どれだけの期間サービスできるかを会社が評価するため、開設が遅れる・できないことがあります。申込前にカードに十分な残り期間があることを確認します。\n却下の対処\nよくある却下理由は、書類間の氏名不一致、書類の有効期間の短さ、対応外の国籍・税務上の居住地、他機関でのNISA重複、本人確認の失敗です。重要な公的地位（PEP）や制裁対象国との関係は、強化審査や却下を招き得て、これらの方針が完全に公表されることはまれです。\n再申込の前に、具体的な原因を直します。在留カード・銀行記録・申込書で氏名を一致させ、期限が近いカードを更新し、NISA重複を解消し、会社が国籍・在留資格を受け入れるか確認します。NISA重複が原因なら、まず他機関からの移管・廃止書類が必要になり得ます。","url":"/ja/investing/opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokerage-name-matching:ja","entityId":"guide:brokerage-name-matching","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人の証券口座での氏名・本人確認の問題","plainText":"外国人が証券申込に失敗する最も多い理由は氏名の不一致です——ローマ字とカタカナ、ミドルネーム、順序、省略形が、在留カード・銀行口座・カードで異なることです。申込前にすべて一致させます。\nローマ字、カタカナ、ミドルネーム、省略名、そして在留カード・銀行・カード記録の一致。\n氏名不一致は、外国人の申込・銀行連携失敗の最も多い原因です。\nローマ字・カタカナ・書類上の順序を、どこでも一致させる必要があります。\nミドルネームや省略形は記録間で異なりがちで、よくある失敗点です。\n証券口座の氏名は、連携する銀行口座、しばしばカードとも一致が必要です。\n申込前に、すべての記録を一つの一貫した形に直します。\n氏名が失敗を招く理由\n日本の金融システムは本人確認を厳密に照合し、外国人の氏名は想定外の例外を生みます。氏名は、在留カードではローマ字、銀行口座ではカタカナ、ミドルネームの有無、異なる順序、日常の省略形で現れ得ます。これらが一致しないと、申込が却下されたり、入金用の銀行口座との連携が失敗したりします。\nこれは氏名に「間違い」があるという話ではなく、1文字ずつ照合するシステム間の一貫性の問題です。ミドルネームが1つ違う、カタカナ表記が合わない、それだけで申込が止まり得ます。\n記録を一致させる\n解決は一貫性です。証券会社に申し込む前に、在留カード・連携する日本の銀行口座・（クレカ積立が絡むなら）クレジットカードで氏名を同一にします。一つの形（ミドルネームの有無、カタカナの表記を含む）を決め、どこでも使います。既に異なる記録は、まず元（銀行やカード発行会社）で修正します。\n最も重要なのは銀行連携です。証券会社は同一名義の入金用銀行口座を求めるため、そこでの不一致は設定全体を止めます。事前に記録を一致させることで、却下されそうな申込を円滑な開設に変えます。\n準備チェックリスト\n申込前に、簡単に確認します。在留カードの正確なつづりと順序を確認。銀行口座の氏名（カタカナを含む）が一致するか確認。投資に使うカードも一致するか確認。ミドルネームの有無を記録し、どこでも同じ選択を保ちます。在留カードの残存有効期間が十分か確認します。\n不一致を見つけたら、会社が見逃すことを期待せず、申込前に修正します。ここでの少しの準備が、外国人の申込失敗の最も多く厄介な原因を避けます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokerage-name-matching","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"外国人が証券申込に失敗する最も多い理由は氏名の不一致です——ローマ字とカタカナ、ミドルネーム、順序、省略形が、在留カード・銀行口座・カードで異なることです。申込前にすべて一致させます。\nローマ字、カタカナ、ミドルネーム、省略名、そして在留カード・銀行・カード記録の一致。\n氏名不一致は、外国人の申込・銀行連携失敗の最も多い原因です。\nローマ字・カタカナ・書類上の順序を、どこでも一致させる必要があります。\nミドルネームや省略形は記録間で異なりがちで、よくある失敗点です。\n証券口座の氏名は、連携する銀行口座、しばしばカードとも一致が必要です。\n申込前に、すべての記録を一つの一貫した形に直します。\n氏名が失敗を招く理由\n日本の金融システムは本人確認を厳密に照合し、外国人の氏名は想定外の例外を生みます。氏名は、在留カードではローマ字、銀行口座ではカタカナ、ミドルネームの有無、異なる順序、日常の省略形で現れ得ます。これらが一致しないと、申込が却下されたり、入金用の銀行口座との連携が失敗したりします。\nこれは氏名に「間違い」があるという話ではなく、1文字ずつ照合するシステム間の一貫性の問題です。ミドルネームが1つ違う、カタカナ表記が合わない、それだけで申込が止まり得ます。\n記録を一致させる\n解決は一貫性です。証券会社に申し込む前に、在留カード・連携する日本の銀行口座・（クレカ積立が絡むなら）クレジットカードで氏名を同一にします。一つの形（ミドルネームの有無、カタカナの表記を含む）を決め、どこでも使います。既に異なる記録は、まず元（銀行やカード発行会社）で修正します。\n最も重要なのは銀行連携です。証券会社は同一名義の入金用銀行口座を求めるため、そこでの不一致は設定全体を止めます。事前に記録を一致させることで、却下されそうな申込を円滑な開設に変えます。\n準備チェックリスト\n申込前に、簡単に確認します。在留カードの正確なつづりと順序を確認。銀行口座の氏名（カタカナを含む）が一致するか確認。投資に使うカードも一致するか確認。ミドルネームの有無を記録し、どこでも同じ選択を保ちます。在留カードの残存有効期間が十分か確認します。\n不一致を見つけたら、会社が見逃すことを期待せず、申込前に修正します。ここでの少しの準備が、外国人の申込失敗の最も多く厄介な原因を避けます。","url":"/ja/investing/brokerage-name-matching","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:moving-abroad-with-investments:ja","entityId":"guide:moving-abroad-with-investments","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の投資を持って海外へ移る","plainText":"出国時、NISAは特定の適格な一時的ケースを除き原則継続できず、課税口座は会社と渡航先により維持可否が分かれ、大きな金融資産の保有者には別途出国税があり得ます。出国前に証券会社へ届け出て記録を取得します。\nNISA・課税口座の扱い、証券会社の制限、売却代金の送金、出国税、出国前チェックリスト。\nNISAは非居住者になると原則廃止。事前申告した適格な一時出国の継続を除きます。\n海外では新規のNISA買付は不可。継続は最長5年の期間です。\n課税口座は、会社と渡航先により維持または制限されます。\n大きな特定金融資産を持つ出国者には、別途出国税があり得ます。\n出国前に会社へ届け出て、全記録を取得し、送金と母国の税を計画します。\nNISAの扱い\nNISAは居住者向けの制度のため、非居住者になると原則継続できません。例外が一つあります。やむを得ない理由（転勤など）で一時的に離れる人は、会社が手続を提供し出国前に継続届を出せば、既存保有の非課税扱いを保てます——ただし海外では新規買付不可、継続中は金融機関を変更できず、5周年を含む年の年末までに帰国届を出さないとNISAは廃止され保有は一般口座へ移ります。\nその他の出国、または継続を申請しない場合、NISAは原則廃止され、保有は課税口座へ移ります。会社が非居住者向けにその口座を維持できることが前提です。\n課税口座と出国税\n課税口座は様々です。特定・一般口座が出国後も維持できるかは、会社・渡航先・保有商品によります——一部の会社は特定の国の居住者にサービスできません。出国を会社に届け出ないと、遡及課税や口座制限を招き得るため、出発前に伝えます。\n別途、日本の出国税制度が、一定の在留歴があり特定金融資産を1億円以上持つ一部の出国者に適用され得ます。これは通常のルールではなく個別性が高く——該当し得るなら、出発の十分前に専門家の助言を受けてください。\n出国前チェックリスト\n出発前に出国を計画します。各証券会社・銀行に連絡し、非居住者方針を理解し、出国手続を書面で入手します。保有が重要なら税務の助言を得て、保有か売却かを決めます——自動的に売らず、税・市場・移管・継続の影響を比較します。全記録を取得します。年間報告書・取得価額・配当明細・保有確認は、数年後に必要になり得ます。\n売却代金の送金（銀行・マネロン対策・税の手続に従う）も計画し、連絡先を更新し、日本の出国後の義務と渡航先の税制の両方を理解します。保有が大きい・越境の状況なら、個別助言を受けます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/moving-abroad-with-investments","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-leaving-japan"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:temporary-residents-investing","guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:nisa-when-not-first","guide:investment-records-and-statements"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"出国時、NISAは特定の適格な一時的ケースを除き原則継続できず、課税口座は会社と渡航先により維持可否が分かれ、大きな金融資産の保有者には別途出国税があり得ます。出国前に証券会社へ届け出て記録を取得します。\nNISA・課税口座の扱い、証券会社の制限、売却代金の送金、出国税、出国前チェックリスト。\nNISAは非居住者になると原則廃止。事前申告した適格な一時出国の継続を除きます。\n海外では新規のNISA買付は不可。継続は最長5年の期間です。\n課税口座は、会社と渡航先により維持または制限されます。\n大きな特定金融資産を持つ出国者には、別途出国税があり得ます。\n出国前に会社へ届け出て、全記録を取得し、送金と母国の税を計画します。\nNISAの扱い\nNISAは居住者向けの制度のため、非居住者になると原則継続できません。例外が一つあります。やむを得ない理由（転勤など）で一時的に離れる人は、会社が手続を提供し出国前に継続届を出せば、既存保有の非課税扱いを保てます——ただし海外では新規買付不可、継続中は金融機関を変更できず、5周年を含む年の年末までに帰国届を出さないとNISAは廃止され保有は一般口座へ移ります。\nその他の出国、または継続を申請しない場合、NISAは原則廃止され、保有は課税口座へ移ります。会社が非居住者向けにその口座を維持できることが前提です。\n課税口座と出国税\n課税口座は様々です。特定・一般口座が出国後も維持できるかは、会社・渡航先・保有商品によります——一部の会社は特定の国の居住者にサービスできません。出国を会社に届け出ないと、遡及課税や口座制限を招き得るため、出発前に伝えます。\n別途、日本の出国税制度が、一定の在留歴があり特定金融資産を1億円以上持つ一部の出国者に適用され得ます。これは通常のルールではなく個別性が高く——該当し得るなら、出発の十分前に専門家の助言を受けてください。\n出国前チェックリスト\n出発前に出国を計画します。各証券会社・銀行に連絡し、非居住者方針を理解し、出国手続を書面で入手します。保有が重要なら税務の助言を得て、保有か売却かを決めます——自動的に売らず、税・市場・移管・継続の影響を比較します。全記録を取得します。年間報告書・取得価額・配当明細・保有確認は、数年後に必要になり得ます。\n売却代金の送金（銀行・マネロン対策・税の手続に従う）も計画し、連絡先を更新し、日本の出国後の義務と渡航先の税制の両方を理解します。保有が大きい・越境の状況なら、個別助言を受けます。","url":"/ja/investing/moving-abroad-with-investments","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-for-us-citizens:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"米国市民のためのNISA","plainText":"在日の米国市民はNISAを開設でき日本の税は消えますが、米国での非課税にはなりません。中に持つ投信がPFICや報告の問題を生み得るため、NISAが価値を持つのは、商品ごとの慎重な米国側の分析の後だけです。\n日本の税優遇、米国での自動非課税の不在、投信選びの複雑さ、証券会社の制限、報告。\nNISAは日本の税を消すが米国の非課税ではありません——米国は全世界所得課税。\n米国側の複雑さは、入れ物ではなくNISA内に持つ投信で決まります。\nNISA内の日本の投信はPFICになり得て、Form 8621の義務を生みます。\n一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を制限します。方針は異なります。\nNISAは保有次第でなお価値があり得ます——ただし越境確認の後だけ。\n日本の恩恵で、米国のものではない\n在日の米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は通常NISAを開設できます——資格は在留基準です。日本国内では、NISAは通常どおり機能し、対象の利益・配当への日本の税を消します。重要な点は、NISAが米国内国歳入法ではなく日本の法律の規定であり、米国での非課税を与えないことです。米国は市民に全世界所得課税し、NISA所得も米国で申告・課税対象になり得ます。\nよって米国関係者は日本の恩恵を得つつ、米国の義務を完全に負います。NISAが有益かは、中に何を持ち、米国がそれをどう扱うかに大きく依存します。\n投信選びこそ本当の問題\n複雑さは保有に宿ります。日本籍の投信——NISA内の標準的な初心者の選択——は、米国上PFICになり得て、ファンドごとのForm 8621や懲罰的課税・複雑な選択を要し得ます。よって「当然の」低コストのインデックス投信が、分析のない米国関係者にはまさに誤った選択になり得ます。対象の個別株は通常PFICではなく、米国籍証券はPFIC問題を避けますが、証券会社のアクセスの問題を生みます。\n一部の会社は米国人を制限します。例えば楽天は米国人が同社の外国株商品を取引できないとし、他社も異なる規則を課します。これらは商業・規制上の方針で、普遍的なNISAの規則ではありません。\nNISAがなお価値を持つか\nNISAは米国関係者にもなお有益であり得ますが、商品ごとの分析の後だけです。PFIC問題を避ける米国籍証券や対象の個別株を持つなら、NISAによる日本の税の除去は、管理可能な米国報告とともに真の価値を加え得ます。分析なしに日本の投信を持つと、米国のPFIC負担が日本の恩恵を上回り得ます。\n安全な順序は、NISA内で何かを買う前に越境助言を済ませることで、PFIC分類・Form 8621・FBAR・Form 8938・外国税額控除・遺産税の露出を扱います。NISAは米国関係者にとって自動的に良くも悪くもなく、保有と、それが生む報告に完全に依存します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-for-us-citizens","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:pfic-japanese-funds","guide:fbar-form-8938","guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-8621","official":true},{"publisher":"米国金融犯罪取締ネットワーク（FinCEN）","url":"https://www.fincen.gov/report-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts","official":true},{"publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations/do-i-need-to-file-form-8938-statement-of-specified-foreign-financial-assets","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"在日の米国市民はNISAを開設でき日本の税は消えますが、米国での非課税にはなりません。中に持つ投信がPFICや報告の問題を生み得るため、NISAが価値を持つのは、商品ごとの慎重な米国側の分析の後だけです。\n日本の税優遇、米国での自動非課税の不在、投信選びの複雑さ、証券会社の制限、報告。\nNISAは日本の税を消すが米国の非課税ではありません——米国は全世界所得課税。\n米国側の複雑さは、入れ物ではなくNISA内に持つ投信で決まります。\nNISA内の日本の投信はPFICになり得て、Form 8621の義務を生みます。\n一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を制限します。方針は異なります。\nNISAは保有次第でなお価値があり得ます——ただし越境確認の後だけ。\n日本の恩恵で、米国のものではない\n在日の米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は通常NISAを開設できます——資格は在留基準です。日本国内では、NISAは通常どおり機能し、対象の利益・配当への日本の税を消します。重要な点は、NISAが米国内国歳入法ではなく日本の法律の規定であり、米国での非課税を与えないことです。米国は市民に全世界所得課税し、NISA所得も米国で申告・課税対象になり得ます。\nよって米国関係者は日本の恩恵を得つつ、米国の義務を完全に負います。NISAが有益かは、中に何を持ち、米国がそれをどう扱うかに大きく依存します。\n投信選びこそ本当の問題\n複雑さは保有に宿ります。日本籍の投信——NISA内の標準的な初心者の選択——は、米国上PFICになり得て、ファンドごとのForm 8621や懲罰的課税・複雑な選択を要し得ます。よって「当然の」低コストのインデックス投信が、分析のない米国関係者にはまさに誤った選択になり得ます。対象の個別株は通常PFICではなく、米国籍証券はPFIC問題を避けますが、証券会社のアクセスの問題を生みます。\n一部の会社は米国人を制限します。例えば楽天は米国人が同社の外国株商品を取引できないとし、他社も異なる規則を課します。これらは商業・規制上の方針で、普遍的なNISAの規則ではありません。\nNISAがなお価値を持つか\nNISAは米国関係者にもなお有益であり得ますが、商品ごとの分析の後だけです。PFIC問題を避ける米国籍証券や対象の個別株を持つなら、NISAによる日本の税の除去は、管理可能な米国報告とともに真の価値を加え得ます。分析なしに日本の投信を持つと、米国のPFIC負担が日本の恩恵を上回り得ます。\n安全な順序は、NISA内で何かを買う前に越境助言を済ませることで、PFIC分類・Form 8621・FBAR・Form 8938・外国税額控除・遺産税の露出を扱います。NISAは米国関係者にとって自動的に良くも悪くもなく、保有と、それが生む報告に完全に依存します。","url":"/ja/investing/nisa-for-us-citizens","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pfic-japanese-funds:ja","entityId":"guide:pfic-japanese-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"PFIC規則と日本の投資信託","plainText":"PFICは米国税法上の外国の受動的投資会社で、多くの日本の投信が該当し得ます。ファンドごとのForm 8621を要し、懲罰的な「超過分配」課税を招き得るため、米国関係者は日本の投信を安全と決めつけず「要分析」と考えるべきです。\nPFICとは、日本の投信が該当し得る理由、Form 8621、超過分配の懸念、商品ごとの分析が重要な理由。\nPFICは、米国税法上、所得・資産の大半が受動的な外国法人です。\n日本のものを含む多くの非米国投信がPFICになり得ます。\n米国株主は、保有するPFICごとにForm 8621が必要になり得ます。\n「超過分配」への既定のPFIC課税は懲罰的で、選択（elections）は複雑です。\n分類は個別性が高い——安全と決めつけず、要分析と考えます。\nPFICとは\n受動的外国投資会社（PFIC）は、主に受動的な外国法人——所得の大半が受動的（配当・利子など）か、資産の大半が受動的所得を生む——に対する米国税法上の分類です。多くの外国投信のような米国外に設立された集団投資ビークルは、投資の保有そのものが目的のため、この基準にしばしば該当します。\nよって日本籍の投信は、米国株主にとってPFICになり得ます。すべての外国投資がPFICではなく——通常の事業会社の株式は一般に該当しません——が、受動的資産の保有を業とするファンドは典型的な候補です。\nForm 8621と超過分配\nPFICの保有は報告と、しばしば厳しい課税を伴います。米国関係者は、保有するPFICごとに別々のForm 8621が必要になり得ます——複数の日本の投信を持つと複数の様式になり得ます。既定の制度では、「超過分配」（大きな分配や売却益）が高い税率と、繰延を実質的に罰する利子charge付きで課税され、通常の投資課税よりはるかに悪い結果を生みます。\n扱いを改善し得る選択（時価評価や、可能な場合はQEF選択など）がありますが、複雑で、ファンドが容易に提供しない特定情報を要し、正しく処理する必要があります。これは自分で行う計算ではなく専門家の領域です。\n商品ごとの分析が重要な理由\n在日の米国関係者の実務的な原則は、日本の投信を安全と決めつけず「PFIC分析が必要」と考えることです。人気の低コストのインデックス投信も、安く分散されているというだけでこれらの規則を免れません。日本上場のETFにも一律の答えはなく——多くの非米国ファンドは分析を要します。\n結果は個別性が高く、正確なビークルと選択に依存するため、一般的な説明から自分で商品を分類しないでください。日本の集団投資を買う前に、資格ある日米越境税務の専門家の助言を得ます。米国籍ETFや個別証券がPFIC問題を完全に避けることがよくありますが、入手可否と適切さは別の分析です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/pfic-japanese-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","guide:fbar-form-8938","guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-8621","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"PFICは米国税法上の外国の受動的投資会社で、多くの日本の投信が該当し得ます。ファンドごとのForm 8621を要し、懲罰的な「超過分配」課税を招き得るため、米国関係者は日本の投信を安全と決めつけず「要分析」と考えるべきです。\nPFICとは、日本の投信が該当し得る理由、Form 8621、超過分配の懸念、商品ごとの分析が重要な理由。\nPFICは、米国税法上、所得・資産の大半が受動的な外国法人です。\n日本のものを含む多くの非米国投信がPFICになり得ます。\n米国株主は、保有するPFICごとにForm 8621が必要になり得ます。\n「超過分配」への既定のPFIC課税は懲罰的で、選択（elections）は複雑です。\n分類は個別性が高い——安全と決めつけず、要分析と考えます。\nPFICとは\n受動的外国投資会社（PFIC）は、主に受動的な外国法人——所得の大半が受動的（配当・利子など）か、資産の大半が受動的所得を生む——に対する米国税法上の分類です。多くの外国投信のような米国外に設立された集団投資ビークルは、投資の保有そのものが目的のため、この基準にしばしば該当します。\nよって日本籍の投信は、米国株主にとってPFICになり得ます。すべての外国投資がPFICではなく——通常の事業会社の株式は一般に該当しません——が、受動的資産の保有を業とするファンドは典型的な候補です。\nForm 8621と超過分配\nPFICの保有は報告と、しばしば厳しい課税を伴います。米国関係者は、保有するPFICごとに別々のForm 8621が必要になり得ます——複数の日本の投信を持つと複数の様式になり得ます。既定の制度では、「超過分配」（大きな分配や売却益）が高い税率と、繰延を実質的に罰する利子charge付きで課税され、通常の投資課税よりはるかに悪い結果を生みます。\n扱いを改善し得る選択（時価評価や、可能な場合はQEF選択など）がありますが、複雑で、ファンドが容易に提供しない特定情報を要し、正しく処理する必要があります。これは自分で行う計算ではなく専門家の領域です。\n商品ごとの分析が重要な理由\n在日の米国関係者の実務的な原則は、日本の投信を安全と決めつけず「PFIC分析が必要」と考えることです。人気の低コストのインデックス投信も、安く分散されているというだけでこれらの規則を免れません。日本上場のETFにも一律の答えはなく——多くの非米国ファンドは分析を要します。\n結果は個別性が高く、正確なビークルと選択に依存するため、一般的な説明から自分で商品を分類しないでください。日本の集団投資を買う前に、資格ある日米越境税務の専門家の助言を得ます。米国籍ETFや個別証券がPFIC問題を完全に避けることがよくありますが、入手可否と適切さは別の分析です。","url":"/ja/investing/pfic-japanese-funds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fbar-form-8938:ja","entityId":"guide:fbar-form-8938","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の証券口座とFBAR・Form 8938","plainText":"米国関係者は、年間のいずれかの時点で外国金融口座の合計が1万米ドルを超えるとFBARを提出し、別途、異なる基準でForm 8938が必要になり得ます。日本の銀行・証券・NISA口座が対象になり得て、提出自体は納税を意味しません。\n外国金融口座、FBARの合計基準、Form 8938との違い、NISA・証券口座の対象、提出は納税とは別。\nFBAR（FinCEN Report 114）は、年間のいずれかで外国口座合計が1万米ドル超のとき必要。\n日本の銀行・証券・NISA口座は、報告対象の外国金融口座になり得ます。\nForm 8938は別のFATCA申告で、通常より高い異なる基準です。\n一方の提出は他方の代わりになりません。両方必要なことがあります。\n情報申告の提出自体は、納税義務を意味しません。\nFBARの基本\nFBAR（外国銀行・金融口座報告、FinCEN Report 114）は、所得税申告とは別の情報申告です。米国関係者は、暦年のいずれかの時点で外国金融口座の合計額が1万米ドルを超えると提出しなければなりません——口座ごとではなく、全口座の合計のピークである点に注意します。日本の銀行口座・証券口座・NISAを含む一部のファンド口座が対象になり得ます。\n基準が合計で、年間の最高残高を使うため、気づかず超えやすいです。いくつかの通常の日本の口座が、ある時点で合計1万米ドルを超え得ます。各口座の年間の最高額を報告します。\nForm 8938との違い\nForm 8938（特定外国金融資産の報告）は、所得税申告に添付する別のFATCA申告で、定義と基準が異なり——通常FBARより高く、申告区分や海外居住かで変わります。「特定外国金融資産」を対象とし、外国口座や一部の外国投資を含み得ます。\n要点は、FBARとForm 8938が2つの別々の義務であることです。一方の提出は他方を満たさず、残高により両方・どちらも不要・一方のみになり得ます。重複するが同一ではない問いを尋ねるため、両方提出することがよくあります。\n提出は納税ではない\n重要な安心材料：これらは情報申告で税の請求ではありません。FBARやForm 8938の提出は外国口座の保有を開示するもので、それ自体が納税義務を生みません。米国の税を負うかは、開示様式ではなく所得（配当・利益・PFICの帰結）によります。\nただし、必要な時にこれらを提出しない場合の罰則は重いことがあるため、税ではなくても報告は重要です。日本に口座を持つ米国関係者は、FBARとForm 8938を毎年見直す確認事項として扱い、どれが該当するかは専門家の助けで正確に判断してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/fbar-form-8938","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","guide:pfic-japanese-funds","guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"米国金融犯罪取締ネットワーク（FinCEN）","url":"https://www.fincen.gov/report-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts","official":true},{"publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations/do-i-need-to-file-form-8938-statement-of-specified-foreign-financial-assets","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"米国関係者は、年間のいずれかの時点で外国金融口座の合計が1万米ドルを超えるとFBARを提出し、別途、異なる基準でForm 8938が必要になり得ます。日本の銀行・証券・NISA口座が対象になり得て、提出自体は納税を意味しません。\n外国金融口座、FBARの合計基準、Form 8938との違い、NISA・証券口座の対象、提出は納税とは別。\nFBAR（FinCEN Report 114）は、年間のいずれかで外国口座合計が1万米ドル超のとき必要。\n日本の銀行・証券・NISA口座は、報告対象の外国金融口座になり得ます。\nForm 8938は別のFATCA申告で、通常より高い異なる基準です。\n一方の提出は他方の代わりになりません。両方必要なことがあります。\n情報申告の提出自体は、納税義務を意味しません。\nFBARの基本\nFBAR（外国銀行・金融口座報告、FinCEN Report 114）は、所得税申告とは別の情報申告です。米国関係者は、暦年のいずれかの時点で外国金融口座の合計額が1万米ドルを超えると提出しなければなりません——口座ごとではなく、全口座の合計のピークである点に注意します。日本の銀行口座・証券口座・NISAを含む一部のファンド口座が対象になり得ます。\n基準が合計で、年間の最高残高を使うため、気づかず超えやすいです。いくつかの通常の日本の口座が、ある時点で合計1万米ドルを超え得ます。各口座の年間の最高額を報告します。\nForm 8938との違い\nForm 8938（特定外国金融資産の報告）は、所得税申告に添付する別のFATCA申告で、定義と基準が異なり——通常FBARより高く、申告区分や海外居住かで変わります。「特定外国金融資産」を対象とし、外国口座や一部の外国投資を含み得ます。\n要点は、FBARとForm 8938が2つの別々の義務であることです。一方の提出は他方を満たさず、残高により両方・どちらも不要・一方のみになり得ます。重複するが同一ではない問いを尋ねるため、両方提出することがよくあります。\n提出は納税ではない\n重要な安心材料：これらは情報申告で税の請求ではありません。FBARやForm 8938の提出は外国口座の保有を開示するもので、それ自体が納税義務を生みません。米国の税を負うかは、開示様式ではなく所得（配当・利益・PFICの帰結）によります。\nただし、必要な時にこれらを提出しない場合の罰則は重いことがあるため、税ではなくても報告は重要です。日本に口座を持つ米国関係者は、FBARとForm 8938を毎年見直す確認事項として扱い、どれが該当するかは専門家の助けで正確に判断してください。","url":"/ja/investing/fbar-form-8938","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-funds-vs-us-etfs","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"米国納税者：日本の投信と米国籍ETF","plainText":"米国納税者にとって、日本の投信はNISA対象ですがPFICの扱いのリスクがあり、米国籍ETFはPFICを避けますが米国人を認める証券会社が必要で米国遺産税の露出を高めます。普遍的な答えはなく、個別の越境分析のみです。\n日本のNISA対象、PFICの露出、証券会社の制限、通貨・取引コスト、源泉徴収、報告、遺産の考慮。\n日本の投信：NISA対象だが、米国関係者にはPFICの露出が濃厚。\n米国籍ETF：PFICを避けるが、米国人を受け入れる証券会社が必要。\n米国所在資産は、非米国配偶者を含め米国遺産税の露出を生み得ます。\n通貨・取引コスト・外国源泉徴収が2つの経路で異なります。\n普遍的な推奨はなく、越境の全体状況で決まります。\n核心のトレードオフ\n在日の米国納税者にとって、2つの明白な経路は逆方向に引きます。日本の投信はNISA対象で現地で簡単に買えますが、Form 8621の義務と潜在的に懲罰的な米国課税を伴うPFICの露出が濃厚です。米国籍ETFはPFIC問題を避けますが——米国証券だからです——米国人が保有できる証券会社が必要で、日本の投信のようにNISAにきれいに収まらないことがあります。\nよって国内投信の日本税上の簡潔さは米国側の複雑さを伴い得て、米国ETFの米国税上の簡潔さはアクセス・口座の制約を伴い得ます。どちらも自動的に優れてはいません。\nコスト・源泉徴収・遺産\nPFICの他に、いくつかの実務要因が異なります。通貨・取引コスト：米国ETFは通常、円をドルに両替（為替スプレッド）し米国市場の取引コストを伴い得る一方、円建ての日本の投信は両替を内包します。外国源泉徴収は米国証券の配当に適用されます。そして重要な点として、米国所在資産（米国ETFや米国株など）は米国遺産税の露出を生み得ます——相続する非米国籍の配偶者にも影響し得る重大な問題です。\nこれらの要因は、金額・報告の対応力・家族の状況により、判断をどちらにも押し得ます。特に遺産税の露出は見落としやすく、大きな保有では重要になり得ます。\n普遍的な答えがない理由\n正しい選択は、PFIC規則・証券会社のアクセス・通貨と取引コスト・源泉徴収・米国と日本の報告・遺産税の露出・州の居住地の相互作用に依存するため、万能の推奨はありません。同じ商品が、ある米国関係者には妥当で別の人には誤りになり得ます。\n信頼できるのは商品選びではなく手順です。購入前に、資格ある日米税務の専門家と個別の越境確認を済ませ、明細を円と米ドルの両方で保管します。本ページはトレードオフを整理するもので、どちらを買うべきかは述べません。それは、あなたのアドバイザーだけが評価できる事実に本当に依存するためです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/japan-funds-vs-us-etfs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:pfic-japanese-funds","guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","guide:fbar-form-8938"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-8621","official":true},{"publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/corporations/do-i-need-to-file-form-8938-statement-of-specified-foreign-financial-assets","official":true},{"publisher":"米国金融犯罪取締ネットワーク（FinCEN）","url":"https://www.fincen.gov/report-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"米国納税者にとって、日本の投信はNISA対象ですがPFICの扱いのリスクがあり、米国籍ETFはPFICを避けますが米国人を認める証券会社が必要で米国遺産税の露出を高めます。普遍的な答えはなく、個別の越境分析のみです。\n日本のNISA対象、PFICの露出、証券会社の制限、通貨・取引コスト、源泉徴収、報告、遺産の考慮。\n日本の投信：NISA対象だが、米国関係者にはPFICの露出が濃厚。\n米国籍ETF：PFICを避けるが、米国人を受け入れる証券会社が必要。\n米国所在資産は、非米国配偶者を含め米国遺産税の露出を生み得ます。\n通貨・取引コスト・外国源泉徴収が2つの経路で異なります。\n普遍的な推奨はなく、越境の全体状況で決まります。\n核心のトレードオフ\n在日の米国納税者にとって、2つの明白な経路は逆方向に引きます。日本の投信はNISA対象で現地で簡単に買えますが、Form 8621の義務と潜在的に懲罰的な米国課税を伴うPFICの露出が濃厚です。米国籍ETFはPFIC問題を避けますが——米国証券だからです——米国人が保有できる証券会社が必要で、日本の投信のようにNISAにきれいに収まらないことがあります。\nよって国内投信の日本税上の簡潔さは米国側の複雑さを伴い得て、米国ETFの米国税上の簡潔さはアクセス・口座の制約を伴い得ます。どちらも自動的に優れてはいません。\nコスト・源泉徴収・遺産\nPFICの他に、いくつかの実務要因が異なります。通貨・取引コスト：米国ETFは通常、円をドルに両替（為替スプレッド）し米国市場の取引コストを伴い得る一方、円建ての日本の投信は両替を内包します。外国源泉徴収は米国証券の配当に適用されます。そして重要な点として、米国所在資産（米国ETFや米国株など）は米国遺産税の露出を生み得ます——相続する非米国籍の配偶者にも影響し得る重大な問題です。\nこれらの要因は、金額・報告の対応力・家族の状況により、判断をどちらにも押し得ます。特に遺産税の露出は見落としやすく、大きな保有では重要になり得ます。\n普遍的な答えがない理由\n正しい選択は、PFIC規則・証券会社のアクセス・通貨と取引コスト・源泉徴収・米国と日本の報告・遺産税の露出・州の居住地の相互作用に依存するため、万能の推奨はありません。同じ商品が、ある米国関係者には妥当で別の人には誤りになり得ます。\n信頼できるのは商品選びではなく手順です。購入前に、資格ある日米税務の専門家と個別の越境確認を済ませ、明細を円と米ドルの両方で保管します。本ページはトレードオフを整理するもので、どちらを買うべきかは述べません。それは、あなたのアドバイザーだけが評価できる事実に本当に依存するためです。","url":"/ja/investing/japan-funds-vs-us-etfs","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-brokerages-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:best-brokerages-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"唯一の最良はありません。総コスト・商品・税務対応・言語・サービス・安全性で評価します。前提の下では、自分で運用する居住者にはSBI・楽天・マネックス・松井、英語対応ではインタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券が先行します。\n証券会社の評価軸、「最良」が顧客次第である理由、前提を置いた用途別の有力候補。\n「最良」は必要次第——普遍的な勝者はいません。\n総コスト・商品・税務口座対応・言語・サービス・安全性で評価します。\n毎月買付する自分で運用する居住者には、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井が先行。\n一貫した英語対応と全世界アクセスでは、IBKR証券が先行します。\nポイント率は低めに評価——変わりやすくカード年会費で相殺され得ます。\n証券会社の評価軸\nここでの順位は、オンラインで取引し電子交付を受け入れ、主にNISAと特定口座で投資し、毎月おおむね3万〜10万円を買付し、低い総コスト・商品の広さ・税務事務・安全性・信頼性を重視する個人の日本居住者を前提とします。前提が異なれば——アクティブ取引・対面助言・特定のエコシステム——答えは変わります。\n総コスト（手数料・為替スプレッド・投信費用・移管手数料）・商品の広さ・税務口座対応・言語・顧客サービス・安全性で評価し、表面の最安手数料や一時的なポイント率では評価しません。ポイント率は、変わりやすくカード年会費や利用条件で相殺され得るため低めに評価します。\n顧客タイプ別の有力候補\n毎月買付する自分で運用する日本語話者の初心者には、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井が自然な最初の比較対象です。広いNISA投信メニュー・積立・低いオンライン価格・確立したインフラがあります。松井はサポート重視の初心者と少額の国内株取引に特に魅力的で、三菱UFJ eスマートはMUFG・au・Pontaのエコシステムに組み込まれた利用者に向きます。\n英語中心の居住者には、インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券が、確認された一貫した英語のサイト・サポートと広い全世界アクセスを持ちます。ただしプロ向けの画面は、最も簡単な日本の投信体験を望む人より、越境の詳細に慣れた投資家に向きます。\n決める前に確認する\nどの候補でも、入金前に自分に重要な具体的事実を確認します。意図するファンドを意図する枠で取り扱うか、国籍・在留資格を受け入れるか、為替・移管のコストは、そして出国し得るなら出国方針は。FSAの登録業者データベース（およびJSDA会員）の登録は、法的認可を確認しますが適合性は確認しません。\nこのクラスターの他のページは、用途別に選択を絞ります——初心者・外国人居住者・英語対応・NISA・日本株・米国株・投信・少額の毎月投資・アクティブ取引・ポイント——いずれも同じ標準化された軸を適用します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/best-brokerages-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:brokerage-fees-compared","guide:brokers-for-beginners","guide:brokers-english-support"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"唯一の最良はありません。総コスト・商品・税務対応・言語・サービス・安全性で評価します。前提の下では、自分で運用する居住者にはSBI・楽天・マネックス・松井、英語対応ではインタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券が先行します。\n証券会社の評価軸、「最良」が顧客次第である理由、前提を置いた用途別の有力候補。\n「最良」は必要次第——普遍的な勝者はいません。\n総コスト・商品・税務口座対応・言語・サービス・安全性で評価します。\n毎月買付する自分で運用する居住者には、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井が先行。\n一貫した英語対応と全世界アクセスでは、IBKR証券が先行します。\nポイント率は低めに評価——変わりやすくカード年会費で相殺され得ます。\n証券会社の評価軸\nここでの順位は、オンラインで取引し電子交付を受け入れ、主にNISAと特定口座で投資し、毎月おおむね3万〜10万円を買付し、低い総コスト・商品の広さ・税務事務・安全性・信頼性を重視する個人の日本居住者を前提とします。前提が異なれば——アクティブ取引・対面助言・特定のエコシステム——答えは変わります。\n総コスト（手数料・為替スプレッド・投信費用・移管手数料）・商品の広さ・税務口座対応・言語・顧客サービス・安全性で評価し、表面の最安手数料や一時的なポイント率では評価しません。ポイント率は、変わりやすくカード年会費や利用条件で相殺され得るため低めに評価します。\n顧客タイプ別の有力候補\n毎月買付する自分で運用する日本語話者の初心者には、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井が自然な最初の比較対象です。広いNISA投信メニュー・積立・低いオンライン価格・確立したインフラがあります。松井はサポート重視の初心者と少額の国内株取引に特に魅力的で、三菱UFJ eスマートはMUFG・au・Pontaのエコシステムに組み込まれた利用者に向きます。\n英語中心の居住者には、インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券が、確認された一貫した英語のサイト・サポートと広い全世界アクセスを持ちます。ただしプロ向けの画面は、最も簡単な日本の投信体験を望む人より、越境の詳細に慣れた投資家に向きます。\n決める前に確認する\nどの候補でも、入金前に自分に重要な具体的事実を確認します。意図するファンドを意図する枠で取り扱うか、国籍・在留資格を受け入れるか、為替・移管のコストは、そして出国し得るなら出国方針は。FSAの登録業者データベース（およびJSDA会員）の登録は、法的認可を確認しますが適合性は確認しません。\nこのクラスターの他のページは、用途別に選択を絞ります——初心者・外国人居住者・英語対応・NISA・日本株・米国株・投信・少額の毎月投資・アクティブ取引・ポイント——いずれも同じ標準化された軸を適用します。","url":"/ja/investing/best-brokerages-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokerage-fees-compared:ja","entityId":"guide:brokerage-fees-compared","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の証券会社の手数料比較","plainText":"コスト全体を比べます。国内・外国の手数料、為替スプレッド、信託報酬、単元未満株スプレッド、移管手数料です。複数の会社が課税の米国株に約0.495%（上限22米ドル）、対象のNISA商品に0円ですが、「手数料無料」は決して無コストではありません。\n国内手数料、外国株手数料、為替スプレッド、投信コスト、単元未満株スプレッド、そして手数料無料が無コストでない理由。\n国内オンライン株手数料は、経路・電子交付の条件で0円になり得ます。\n課税の米国株手数料は多くが0.495%・上限22米ドル。対象のNISA米国商品は0円のことも。\n円↔外貨の為替スプレッドは実在の継続コスト——ドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社も。\n信託報酬・単元未満株スプレッド・移管手数料が総額に加わります。\n手数料無料は無コストではありません。スプレッド・投信費用・源泉徴収は残ります。\n国内・外国の手数料\n表面手数料は大きく下がりました。複数の大手ネット証券は、条件付き（電子交付とスマート注文の同意）で国内オンライン株を0円、NISA対象の国内・米国株・投信を0円で提供します。課税の米国株では、約定代金の約0.495%・上限約22米ドルが一般的な体系です。\n従来のフルサービス・店舗チャネルははるかに高く、店舗の国内手数料は最低額付きで1%を超え得ます。よって同じ取引が、オンラインではほぼ無料、店舗では100倍以上高くなり得ます。チャネルを必要に合わせます。\n為替スプレッドと投信コスト\n外国証券では、為替スプレッド——会社が通貨を買う・売るレートの差——が手数料より大きなコストのことがよくあります。リアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社もあれば、1ドルあたりのスプレッド（例：約0.20円）を適用する会社もあります。両替コストは売買のたびに生じるため、現行の条件と方向を確認します。\n長期保有者には、投信のコストが取引手数料より重要です。信託報酬に加え、投資対象ファンドの費用・保管・トラッキング差異が毎年複利で効きます。年1%高い投信の前では、わずかに安い手数料は無関係です。\n単元未満株・移管・隠れコスト\n他のコストは表面の下に隠れます。単元未満株の購入は、単元より広いスプレッドを伴い得ます。移管手数料は、証券を他社へ移すとかかります。株式・ETFの売買スプレッドは暗黙のコストです。外国配当は源泉地国の課税を伴います。そして一部の「手数料無料」は、適用に電子交付や経路の同意を要します。\n教訓は、手数料の行だけでなく、実際の使い方でコスト全体を比べることです。手数料がやや高くても、為替スプレッドが狭く投信が安い会社は、全世界投資家には全体で安くなり得ます。実際に生じるコストを合計します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokerage-fees-compared","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:brokerage-account-requirements","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:currency-risk-yen"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/commission/","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex Securities","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/service/fee/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"コスト全体を比べます。国内・外国の手数料、為替スプレッド、信託報酬、単元未満株スプレッド、移管手数料です。複数の会社が課税の米国株に約0.495%（上限22米ドル）、対象のNISA商品に0円ですが、「手数料無料」は決して無コストではありません。\n国内手数料、外国株手数料、為替スプレッド、投信コスト、単元未満株スプレッド、そして手数料無料が無コストでない理由。\n国内オンライン株手数料は、経路・電子交付の条件で0円になり得ます。\n課税の米国株手数料は多くが0.495%・上限22米ドル。対象のNISA米国商品は0円のことも。\n円↔外貨の為替スプレッドは実在の継続コスト——ドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社も。\n信託報酬・単元未満株スプレッド・移管手数料が総額に加わります。\n手数料無料は無コストではありません。スプレッド・投信費用・源泉徴収は残ります。\n国内・外国の手数料\n表面手数料は大きく下がりました。複数の大手ネット証券は、条件付き（電子交付とスマート注文の同意）で国内オンライン株を0円、NISA対象の国内・米国株・投信を0円で提供します。課税の米国株では、約定代金の約0.495%・上限約22米ドルが一般的な体系です。\n従来のフルサービス・店舗チャネルははるかに高く、店舗の国内手数料は最低額付きで1%を超え得ます。よって同じ取引が、オンラインではほぼ無料、店舗では100倍以上高くなり得ます。チャネルを必要に合わせます。\n為替スプレッドと投信コスト\n外国証券では、為替スプレッド——会社が通貨を買う・売るレートの差——が手数料より大きなコストのことがよくあります。リアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社もあれば、1ドルあたりのスプレッド（例：約0.20円）を適用する会社もあります。両替コストは売買のたびに生じるため、現行の条件と方向を確認します。\n長期保有者には、投信のコストが取引手数料より重要です。信託報酬に加え、投資対象ファンドの費用・保管・トラッキング差異が毎年複利で効きます。年1%高い投信の前では、わずかに安い手数料は無関係です。\n単元未満株・移管・隠れコスト\n他のコストは表面の下に隠れます。単元未満株の購入は、単元より広いスプレッドを伴い得ます。移管手数料は、証券を他社へ移すとかかります。株式・ETFの売買スプレッドは暗黙のコストです。外国配当は源泉地国の課税を伴います。そして一部の「手数料無料」は、適用に電子交付や経路の同意を要します。\n教訓は、手数料の行だけでなく、実際の使い方でコスト全体を比べることです。手数料がやや高くても、為替スプレッドが狭く投信が安い会社は、全世界投資家には全体で安くなり得ます。実際に生じるコストを合計します。","url":"/ja/investing/brokerage-fees-compared","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokerage-account-requirements:ja","entityId":"guide:brokerage-account-requirements","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"証券口座の要件比較","plainText":"日本の証券口座開設には、マイナンバー・本人確認・一致する日本の銀行口座・税務上の居住地の申告が必要です。米国人はFATCA申告を加え商品制限を受け、却下の多くは氏名不一致・書類の有効期間の短さ・NISA重複から生じます。\nマイナンバー、在留カード、納税者番号、氏名の一致、米国人申告、在留資格、インサイダー申告、却下理由。\nマイナンバーは通常、証券の税務事務とNISAに必要です。\n在留カードと、一致する名義の日本の銀行口座が基本要件です。\n米国籍・グリーンカードはFATCA申告と商品制限の可能性を生みます。\n在留カードの短い有効期間・インサイダー・複数の税務上の居住地が処理に影響します。\nよくある却下：氏名不一致・有効期間の短さ・NISA重複・確認失敗。\n基本要件\nすべての申込者に本人確認とマイナンバーが必要で、証券の税務事務とNISAに通常必須です。マイナンバーカードは通常最も速く、それのない在留カード等は追加のマイナンバー・住所書類とともに受理されることが多いです。入金のため本人名義の日本の銀行口座も必要で、日本と外国の税務上の居住地を申告します。\n基本の他に、会社は雇用・インサイダー・国籍・資金源の情報を集めます。会社のインサイダーは、勤務先や関係する上場会社に紐づく追加申告と取引制限を受けます。\n米国人・在留資格・複数居住地\n特定の状況は手続を増やします。米国籍やグリーンカードはFATCA申告を生み商品制限を伴い得ます——一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を禁じます。複数の税務上の居住地は、追加の納税者番号と自己証明を要します。重要な公的地位や制裁対象国との関係は、強化審査や却下を招き得ます。\n税法は在留基準ですが、在留資格・在留カードの有効期間は重要で、残存が短いと開設が遅れる・できないことがあります。出国予定なら、後の口座の扱いに影響するため、申込前に非居住者継続方針を確認します。\nよくある却下理由\n却下の多くは少数の原因に帰します。在留カード・銀行記録・申込書の間の氏名不一致（最も多い）、書類の有効期間の短さ、対応外の国籍・税務上の居住地、他機関でのNISA重複、本人確認の失敗です。既に他社でNISAがあるなら、新規NISA開設の前に移管・廃止書類が必要になり得ます。\n解決は準備です。氏名をどこでも一致させ、期限の近いカードを更新し、NISA重複を解消し、会社が自分の状況を受け入れるか確認します。処理時間は、書類と税務署の確認により、即日の仮アクセスから数週間まで幅があります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokerage-account-requirements","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:brokerage-name-matching","guide:brokerage-fees-compared","guide:investing-as-foreign-resident"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"日本の証券口座開設には、マイナンバー・本人確認・一致する日本の銀行口座・税務上の居住地の申告が必要です。米国人はFATCA申告を加え商品制限を受け、却下の多くは氏名不一致・書類の有効期間の短さ・NISA重複から生じます。\nマイナンバー、在留カード、納税者番号、氏名の一致、米国人申告、在留資格、インサイダー申告、却下理由。\nマイナンバーは通常、証券の税務事務とNISAに必要です。\n在留カードと、一致する名義の日本の銀行口座が基本要件です。\n米国籍・グリーンカードはFATCA申告と商品制限の可能性を生みます。\n在留カードの短い有効期間・インサイダー・複数の税務上の居住地が処理に影響します。\nよくある却下：氏名不一致・有効期間の短さ・NISA重複・確認失敗。\n基本要件\nすべての申込者に本人確認とマイナンバーが必要で、証券の税務事務とNISAに通常必須です。マイナンバーカードは通常最も速く、それのない在留カード等は追加のマイナンバー・住所書類とともに受理されることが多いです。入金のため本人名義の日本の銀行口座も必要で、日本と外国の税務上の居住地を申告します。\n基本の他に、会社は雇用・インサイダー・国籍・資金源の情報を集めます。会社のインサイダーは、勤務先や関係する上場会社に紐づく追加申告と取引制限を受けます。\n米国人・在留資格・複数居住地\n特定の状況は手続を増やします。米国籍やグリーンカードはFATCA申告を生み商品制限を伴い得ます——一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を禁じます。複数の税務上の居住地は、追加の納税者番号と自己証明を要します。重要な公的地位や制裁対象国との関係は、強化審査や却下を招き得ます。\n税法は在留基準ですが、在留資格・在留カードの有効期間は重要で、残存が短いと開設が遅れる・できないことがあります。出国予定なら、後の口座の扱いに影響するため、申込前に非居住者継続方針を確認します。\nよくある却下理由\n却下の多くは少数の原因に帰します。在留カード・銀行記録・申込書の間の氏名不一致（最も多い）、書類の有効期間の短さ、対応外の国籍・税務上の居住地、他機関でのNISA重複、本人確認の失敗です。既に他社でNISAがあるなら、新規NISA開設の前に移管・廃止書類が必要になり得ます。\n解決は準備です。氏名をどこでも一致させ、期限の近いカードを更新し、NISA重複を解消し、会社が自分の状況を受け入れるか確認します。処理時間は、書類と税務署の確認により、即日の仮アクセスから数週間まで幅があります。","url":"/ja/investing/brokerage-account-requirements","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:online-vs-full-service-brokers:ja","entityId":"guide:online-vs-full-service-brokers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ネット証券とフルサービス証券","plainText":"ネット証券は、自分で運用するパッシブ投資でコストとアプリの使いやすさに優れます。フルサービスは対面助言・債券・IPO・相続・資産サービスを加えますが、手数料がはるかに高く販売の利益相反があり得ます。\nネット証券と店舗証券：助言と対面、債券/IPO/相続、コスト差、利益相反。\nネット証券：最安コスト・最良アプリ、自分で運用するパッシブ投資に最適。\nフルサービス：対面助言・債券・IPO・相続・資産サービス。\n店舗・総合コースの手数料はネットのほぼ0に対し1%超になり得ます。\nアドバイザーの報酬は中立でなく、商品販売が利益相反を生み得ます。\n多くの投資家はネットで自分で運用し、特定の複雑なニーズにのみフルサービスを使います。\nネット証券の得意分野\nネット証券（SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井など）は自分で運用する投資向けに作られています。条件付きの低い・無料の手数料、優れたモバイルアプリ、容易な積立、広い低コスト投信メニュー、ポイント・カード連携です。分散インデックス投信を毎月買う初心者や長期のパッシブ投資家には、通常、圧倒的に最安で最も便利な選択です。\nトレードオフは、判断を自分で行うことです。案内や教育はありますが、ポートフォリオを運用する人のアドバイザーはいません——単純なインデックス戦略にはそれは欠点ではなく利点です。\nフルサービスが加えるもの\nフルサービス証券（野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ）は、対面助言・店舗、そして債券・IPO配分・相続/遺産サービス・資産運用へのアクセスを加えます。複雑な状況・富裕層のニーズ・案内と対面支援を本当に重視する投資家には、そのサービスがコストを正当化し得ます。\nしかしコストは現実です。店舗・総合コースの手数料は、通常の国内取引でネットのほぼ0に対し1%を超え得て、商品メニューは継続費用が高いことがあります。単純なパッシブ投資では、この差は正当化しづらいです。\n利益相反と選び方\n助言には注意が伴います。アドバイザーの報酬は中立ではありません。会社が特定商品の販売でより多く稼ぐとき、推奨は販売の誘因とあなたの利益の両方を反映し得ます。助言が無価値というわけではありませんが、どの推奨にも総コストとベンチマーク比較の明示を求め、鵜呑みにせず精査すべきです。\nよくある形は、低コスト投資はネットで自分で運用し、フルサービスの関係は特定のニーズ——複雑な債券・IPO・相続計画——にのみ、サービスが本当に価値を加える場面で使うことです。すべてを一つに任せず、作業にチャネルを合わせます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/online-vs-full-service-brokers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:advised-investing-japan","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:robo-advisors-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"ネット証券は、自分で運用するパッシブ投資でコストとアプリの使いやすさに優れます。フルサービスは対面助言・債券・IPO・相続・資産サービスを加えますが、手数料がはるかに高く販売の利益相反があり得ます。\nネット証券と店舗証券：助言と対面、債券/IPO/相続、コスト差、利益相反。\nネット証券：最安コスト・最良アプリ、自分で運用するパッシブ投資に最適。\nフルサービス：対面助言・債券・IPO・相続・資産サービス。\n店舗・総合コースの手数料はネットのほぼ0に対し1%超になり得ます。\nアドバイザーの報酬は中立でなく、商品販売が利益相反を生み得ます。\n多くの投資家はネットで自分で運用し、特定の複雑なニーズにのみフルサービスを使います。\nネット証券の得意分野\nネット証券（SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井など）は自分で運用する投資向けに作られています。条件付きの低い・無料の手数料、優れたモバイルアプリ、容易な積立、広い低コスト投信メニュー、ポイント・カード連携です。分散インデックス投信を毎月買う初心者や長期のパッシブ投資家には、通常、圧倒的に最安で最も便利な選択です。\nトレードオフは、判断を自分で行うことです。案内や教育はありますが、ポートフォリオを運用する人のアドバイザーはいません——単純なインデックス戦略にはそれは欠点ではなく利点です。\nフルサービスが加えるもの\nフルサービス証券（野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ）は、対面助言・店舗、そして債券・IPO配分・相続/遺産サービス・資産運用へのアクセスを加えます。複雑な状況・富裕層のニーズ・案内と対面支援を本当に重視する投資家には、そのサービスがコストを正当化し得ます。\nしかしコストは現実です。店舗・総合コースの手数料は、通常の国内取引でネットのほぼ0に対し1%を超え得て、商品メニューは継続費用が高いことがあります。単純なパッシブ投資では、この差は正当化しづらいです。\n利益相反と選び方\n助言には注意が伴います。アドバイザーの報酬は中立ではありません。会社が特定商品の販売でより多く稼ぐとき、推奨は販売の誘因とあなたの利益の両方を反映し得ます。助言が無価値というわけではありませんが、どの推奨にも総コストとベンチマーク比較の明示を求め、鵜呑みにせず精査すべきです。\nよくある形は、低コスト投資はネットで自分で運用し、フルサービスの関係は特定のニーズ——複雑な債券・IPO・相続計画——にのみ、サービスが本当に価値を加える場面で使うことです。すべてを一つに任せず、作業にチャネルを合わせます。","url":"/ja/investing/online-vs-full-service-brokers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-beginners:ja","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-beginners","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"初心者向けのおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"初心者には、開設が簡単で、分かりやすいアプリ、低い投信最低額（100円から）、簡単な積立、良いサポートを持つ会社が向きます。日本語話者の初心者には楽天・SBI・松井・マネックスが定番の候補です。\n開設のしやすさ、アプリ、教育、投信最低額、積立、初めての投資家へのサポート。\n高度なツールより、開設の容易さ・分かりやすいアプリ・簡単な積立を優先。\n低い投信最低額（多くは100円）で、少額から始め自動化できます。\n楽天・SBI・松井・マネックスが定番の初心者候補です。\n松井はサポートと少額の国内株取引で目立ちます。\n開設は多くが日本語。英語の必要性は別途確認します。\n初心者に重要なこと\n初心者には、アクティブトレーダーを感心させる高度な機能はほとんど関係ありません。重要なのは、始めて続けることです。分かりやすい開設手続、迷わず操作できるアプリ、少額から始められる低い投信最低額、そして投資を自動化する簡単な積立です。初心者向けの教育と迅速なサポートが自信を育てます。\n信用取引・デリバティブ・50の市場は不要です。必要なのは、摩擦なく毎月1本の分散された低コスト投信を買うことです。機能の一覧が最も長い会社ではなく、それを簡単にする会社を選びます。\n定番の候補\n日本語話者の初心者には、楽天・SBI・松井・マネックスが自然な最初の比較です。いずれも広いNISA投信メニュー・100円の最低額・積立・確立したインフラを提供します。楽天とSBIは強いエコシステムを持つ既定の低コスト選択、松井は電話サポートが手厚く少額の国内株価格が有用で特に初心者向け、マネックスは慣れてくると調査に強いです。\nエコシステムの相性が決め手になり得ます。既に楽天のサービスを使うなら楽天証券がきれいに連携し、SMBC/OliveやVポイントを使うならSBI、MUFG/au/Pontaの世界にいるなら三菱UFJ eスマートが一見の価値があります。\n良いスタートを切る\n会社を選んだら、初心者の道はどこでも同じです。NISAを開き、分散された低コストのインデックス投信を1本選び、続けられる毎月の積立を設定し、自動化します。会社選びを最適化しすぎないこと——上位数社の差は、実際に始めて投資を続けることに比べれば小さいです。\n開設時や税書類で英語対応が必須なら、それは別の考慮です——初心者向けの多くの会社は主に日本語で開設するため、思い込む前に英語対応のページを確認します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokers-for-beginners","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-for-beginners","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokers-english-support","guide:how-to-start-investing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"初心者には、開設が簡単で、分かりやすいアプリ、低い投信最低額（100円から）、簡単な積立、良いサポートを持つ会社が向きます。日本語話者の初心者には楽天・SBI・松井・マネックスが定番の候補です。\n開設のしやすさ、アプリ、教育、投信最低額、積立、初めての投資家へのサポート。\n高度なツールより、開設の容易さ・分かりやすいアプリ・簡単な積立を優先。\n低い投信最低額（多くは100円）で、少額から始め自動化できます。\n楽天・SBI・松井・マネックスが定番の初心者候補です。\n松井はサポートと少額の国内株取引で目立ちます。\n開設は多くが日本語。英語の必要性は別途確認します。\n初心者に重要なこと\n初心者には、アクティブトレーダーを感心させる高度な機能はほとんど関係ありません。重要なのは、始めて続けることです。分かりやすい開設手続、迷わず操作できるアプリ、少額から始められる低い投信最低額、そして投資を自動化する簡単な積立です。初心者向けの教育と迅速なサポートが自信を育てます。\n信用取引・デリバティブ・50の市場は不要です。必要なのは、摩擦なく毎月1本の分散された低コスト投信を買うことです。機能の一覧が最も長い会社ではなく、それを簡単にする会社を選びます。\n定番の候補\n日本語話者の初心者には、楽天・SBI・松井・マネックスが自然な最初の比較です。いずれも広いNISA投信メニュー・100円の最低額・積立・確立したインフラを提供します。楽天とSBIは強いエコシステムを持つ既定の低コスト選択、松井は電話サポートが手厚く少額の国内株価格が有用で特に初心者向け、マネックスは慣れてくると調査に強いです。\nエコシステムの相性が決め手になり得ます。既に楽天のサービスを使うなら楽天証券がきれいに連携し、SMBC/OliveやVポイントを使うならSBI、MUFG/au/Pontaの世界にいるなら三菱UFJ eスマートが一見の価値があります。\n良いスタートを切る\n会社を選んだら、初心者の道はどこでも同じです。NISAを開き、分散された低コストのインデックス投信を1本選び、続けられる毎月の積立を設定し、自動化します。会社選びを最適化しすぎないこと——上位数社の差は、実際に始めて投資を続けることに比べれば小さいです。\n開設時や税書類で英語対応が必須なら、それは別の考慮です——初心者向けの多くの会社は主に日本語で開設するため、思い込む前に英語対応のページを確認します。","url":"/ja/investing/brokers-for-beginners","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-english-support:ja","entityId":"guide:brokers-english-support","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"英語対応のおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"調査で確認した中では、インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券が最も明確な一貫した英語のサイト・サポートを持ちます。日本の証券会社は主に日本語で、ブラウザ翻訳は法的に有効な書類を英語にはしません。\n英語のサイト・申込・取引画面・税書類・サポート、そしてブラウザ翻訳の限界。\nIBKR証券は、対象の中で最も確実な一貫した英語対応を持ちます。\n必要な各段階で英語を確認：開設・取引・税書類・トラブル対応。\n多くの日本の証券会社は、開設・サポートが主に日本語です。\nブラウザ翻訳は代わりになりません——有効な書類は日本語のままのことがあります。\nIBKRのプロ向け画面は、越境の詳細に慣れた投資家に向きます。\n最も明確な英語の選択肢\n本調査で確認した中で、インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券は最も明確な一貫した英語を持ちます。英語のサイト・申込・取引画面、英語の電話・メール・チャットサポート、加えて広い国際市場アクセスとNISA対応です。英語中心の居住者には、最も確実な選択です。\nトレードオフは、IBKRがプロ向けのプラットフォームであることです。注文種別・市場アクセス・越境の税務の詳細は、日本のインデックス投信を1本買いたいだけの初心者を圧倒し得ます。より複雑な画面と越境の考慮に慣れた投資家に向きます。\n各段階で英語を確認\n英語対応は「全か無か」ではありません。実際に必要な各段階で確認します。口座開設、日々の取引、税書類、そして——重要な——問題時のサポート（取引の誤り・セキュリティ事故・出国）です。英語の宣伝ページがあっても、トラブルや税務書類は日本語のみのことがあります。\n一部の日本の証券会社は部分的な英語資料を提供しますが、法的に有効な口座開設・取引の書類やライブサポートは日本語のことが多いです。数ページの翻訳から完全な英語対応を推測しないでください。\nブラウザ翻訳の限界\nブラウザ翻訳は日本の証券会社を日常的に使えるようにしますが、実際の限界があります。法的に拘束する書類——口座規約・リスク開示・税務書式——は日本語のままで、機械翻訳は紛争時に頼れる正式版ではありません。緊急の問題時のライブサポートも日本語です。\nよってブラウザ翻訳は、自信のある利用者には便利ですが、真の英語対応の代わりではありません。すべての重要段階で本物の英語対応が必須ならIBKR証券が確認済みの選択肢、（必要に応じて助けを借りて）日本語書類を扱えるなら、より広い日本の証券会社が低コストの投信エコシステムとともに使えます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokers-english-support","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokers-for-foreign-residents","guide:ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"調査で確認した中では、インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券が最も明確な一貫した英語のサイト・サポートを持ちます。日本の証券会社は主に日本語で、ブラウザ翻訳は法的に有効な書類を英語にはしません。\n英語のサイト・申込・取引画面・税書類・サポート、そしてブラウザ翻訳の限界。\nIBKR証券は、対象の中で最も確実な一貫した英語対応を持ちます。\n必要な各段階で英語を確認：開設・取引・税書類・トラブル対応。\n多くの日本の証券会社は、開設・サポートが主に日本語です。\nブラウザ翻訳は代わりになりません——有効な書類は日本語のままのことがあります。\nIBKRのプロ向け画面は、越境の詳細に慣れた投資家に向きます。\n最も明確な英語の選択肢\n本調査で確認した中で、インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券は最も明確な一貫した英語を持ちます。英語のサイト・申込・取引画面、英語の電話・メール・チャットサポート、加えて広い国際市場アクセスとNISA対応です。英語中心の居住者には、最も確実な選択です。\nトレードオフは、IBKRがプロ向けのプラットフォームであることです。注文種別・市場アクセス・越境の税務の詳細は、日本のインデックス投信を1本買いたいだけの初心者を圧倒し得ます。より複雑な画面と越境の考慮に慣れた投資家に向きます。\n各段階で英語を確認\n英語対応は「全か無か」ではありません。実際に必要な各段階で確認します。口座開設、日々の取引、税書類、そして——重要な——問題時のサポート（取引の誤り・セキュリティ事故・出国）です。英語の宣伝ページがあっても、トラブルや税務書類は日本語のみのことがあります。\n一部の日本の証券会社は部分的な英語資料を提供しますが、法的に有効な口座開設・取引の書類やライブサポートは日本語のことが多いです。数ページの翻訳から完全な英語対応を推測しないでください。\nブラウザ翻訳の限界\nブラウザ翻訳は日本の証券会社を日常的に使えるようにしますが、実際の限界があります。法的に拘束する書類——口座規約・リスク開示・税務書式——は日本語のままで、機械翻訳は紛争時に頼れる正式版ではありません。緊急の問題時のライブサポートも日本語です。\nよってブラウザ翻訳は、自信のある利用者には便利ですが、真の英語対応の代わりではありません。すべての重要段階で本物の英語対応が必須ならIBKR証券が確認済みの選択肢、（必要に応じて助けを借りて）日本語書類を扱えるなら、より広い日本の証券会社が低コストの投信エコシステムとともに使えます。","url":"/ja/investing/brokers-english-support","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-foreign-residents:ja","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-foreign-residents","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者向けのおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"外国人居住者には、在留カード手続を公表する会社——SBI・マネックス・楽天・松井・IBKR証券——が向きますが、受入は在留資格・税務上の居住地・国籍・商品により、一部はオンラインでなく郵送での開設を要します。\n在留カード対応、マイナンバー、郵送とオンライン開設、国籍制限、非居住者方針、必要書類。\nSBI・マネックス・楽天・松井・IBKR証券が外国人居住者向け手続を公表します。\n受入は在留資格・税務上の居住地・国籍・商品によります。\n一部は完全オンラインでなく、外国籍に郵送手続を要します。\n米国関係者は一部の会社で商品制限を受けます。\n在留カード・マイナンバー・一致する日本の銀行口座を準備します。\n手続を公表する会社\n資格は国籍ではなく在留基準のため、要件を満たす外国人居住者は口座とNISAを開けます。実際に、SBI・マネックス・楽天・松井は在留カード書類を受け付ける手続を公表し、インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券は英語の手続で日本居住者を受け入れます。これらが外国人居住者の自然な候補です。\nただし会社の方針は税法より厳しいことがあります。受入は在留資格・税務上の居住地・国籍・希望する商品により、これらの一覧が完全に公表されることはまれです——思い込む前に自分の具体的なケースを確認します。\nオンラインと郵送、制限\n開設方法は様々です。在留カードで完全オンライン開設できる会社もあれば、外国籍に郵送手続を要し遅い会社もあります。速さが重要なら、自分の国籍向けの経路を確認します。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者はFATCA申告を行い商品制限を受け得ます——一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を禁じます。\n国籍制限・制裁対象国との関係・重要な公的地位は、強化審査や却下を招き得ます。いずれも珍しくありませんが、「最良」の外国人居住者向け会社は、自分の具体的な状況を受け入れ望む商品を扱う会社だということです。\n必要書類チェックリスト\n申込前に準備します。残存有効期間が十分な在留カード、マイナンバー、申込書と一致する名義の本人名義の日本の銀行口座、そして米国関係者ならFATCAと商品制限が適用される認識です。必要な各段階で英語対応を確認し、出国し得るならまず非居住者継続方針を尋ねます。\n在留カード・銀行口座・各カードで氏名を一致させることが最も重要な準備です。不一致は、却下や銀行連携失敗の最も多い原因だからです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokers-for-foreign-residents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:brokers-english-support","guide:brokerage-account-requirements"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"外国人居住者には、在留カード手続を公表する会社——SBI・マネックス・楽天・松井・IBKR証券——が向きますが、受入は在留資格・税務上の居住地・国籍・商品により、一部はオンラインでなく郵送での開設を要します。\n在留カード対応、マイナンバー、郵送とオンライン開設、国籍制限、非居住者方針、必要書類。\nSBI・マネックス・楽天・松井・IBKR証券が外国人居住者向け手続を公表します。\n受入は在留資格・税務上の居住地・国籍・商品によります。\n一部は完全オンラインでなく、外国籍に郵送手続を要します。\n米国関係者は一部の会社で商品制限を受けます。\n在留カード・マイナンバー・一致する日本の銀行口座を準備します。\n手続を公表する会社\n資格は国籍ではなく在留基準のため、要件を満たす外国人居住者は口座とNISAを開けます。実際に、SBI・マネックス・楽天・松井は在留カード書類を受け付ける手続を公表し、インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券は英語の手続で日本居住者を受け入れます。これらが外国人居住者の自然な候補です。\nただし会社の方針は税法より厳しいことがあります。受入は在留資格・税務上の居住地・国籍・希望する商品により、これらの一覧が完全に公表されることはまれです——思い込む前に自分の具体的なケースを確認します。\nオンラインと郵送、制限\n開設方法は様々です。在留カードで完全オンライン開設できる会社もあれば、外国籍に郵送手続を要し遅い会社もあります。速さが重要なら、自分の国籍向けの経路を確認します。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者はFATCA申告を行い商品制限を受け得ます——一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を禁じます。\n国籍制限・制裁対象国との関係・重要な公的地位は、強化審査や却下を招き得ます。いずれも珍しくありませんが、「最良」の外国人居住者向け会社は、自分の具体的な状況を受け入れ望む商品を扱う会社だということです。\n必要書類チェックリスト\n申込前に準備します。残存有効期間が十分な在留カード、マイナンバー、申込書と一致する名義の本人名義の日本の銀行口座、そして米国関係者ならFATCAと商品制限が適用される認識です。必要な各段階で英語対応を確認し、出国し得るならまず非居住者継続方針を尋ねます。\n在留カード・銀行口座・各カードで氏名を一致させることが最も重要な準備です。不一致は、却下や銀行連携失敗の最も多い原因だからです。","url":"/ja/investing/brokers-for-foreign-residents","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:points-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:points-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイント投資のおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"ポイント投資は、エコシステム内の証券会社でロイヤルティポイント（楽天・V・d・Ponta・PayPay）を貯める・使うものです。有用な手数料割戻しですが、囲い込みと条件変更のため、ポイントではなく商品の質と総コストで会社を決めるべきです。\n楽天・V・d・Ponta・PayPayポイント、貯める・使う、エコシステムの囲い込み、期限・条件変更。\n主なエコシステム：楽天ポイント、Vポイント（SBI）、dポイント（マネックス）、Ponta、PayPayポイント。\n投資でポイントを貯められ、一部の会社ではポイント自体で投資できます。\nポイントプログラムは囲い込みを生み、後で乗り換えると連携を失い得ます。\n還元率と条件は変わり、カード年会費で相殺され得ます。\n会社は商品の質と総コストで決め、ポイントはボーナスとして扱います。\n主なポイントエコシステム\n各大手証券会社はポイントエコシステムの中にあります。楽天証券は楽天ポイント、SBIはVポイント、マネックスはdポイント、三菱UFJ eスマートはPonta、PayPay証券はPayPayポイントです。エコシステム内で、会社はクレカ投信積立などでポイントを貯めさせ、一部は貯めたポイントを直接投信に投資させます。\n魅力は、心理的な障壁の低さとコストのわずかな割戻しです。既にこれらのエコシステムの一つで暮らしているなら——楽天で買い物をする、SMBC/Oliveカードを使う——連携は本当に便利です。\n貯めると使う\n2つが混同されます。投資でポイントを貯める（クレカ積立や活動を通じて）のは、どのみち行っていたことへの割戻しです。ポイントを使って投資する（ロイヤルティポイントを投信購入に換える）のは、小さく遊休のポイントを働かせる方法です。どちらも良いですが、いずれも計画以上に投資する・劣った投信を買う理由にはなりません。\n実質価値を計算します。月10万円への1%還元は年12,000円——意味はありますが、率を得るためだけのカード年会費で容易に相殺されます。ポイントは二次的な手数料割戻しで、投資の根拠ではありません。\n囲い込みと条件変更\n本当のリスクは囲い込みです。ポイント主体で会社を選ぶと、一つの商業エコシステムに縛られ、後で乗り換えると連携や貯めた利益を失い得ます。一方で還元率とプログラム条件は頻繁に変わり、ポイントは失効し得ます——惹かれた率が続くとは限りません。\nよって、商品の質・総コスト・税務対応・サービスで会社を決め、どのみち選ぶ会社がたまたま良いプログラムを提供するとき、ポイントを控えめなボーナスとして扱います。ポイント率で高いカードや劣った投信に誘導されないようにします。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/points-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:credit-card-investing","guide:is-credit-card-investing-worth-it","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://go.sbisec.co.jp/lp/lp_pointservice.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/service/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex Securities","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/service/point/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"ポイント投資は、エコシステム内の証券会社でロイヤルティポイント（楽天・V・d・Ponta・PayPay）を貯める・使うものです。有用な手数料割戻しですが、囲い込みと条件変更のため、ポイントではなく商品の質と総コストで会社を決めるべきです。\n楽天・V・d・Ponta・PayPayポイント、貯める・使う、エコシステムの囲い込み、期限・条件変更。\n主なエコシステム：楽天ポイント、Vポイント（SBI）、dポイント（マネックス）、Ponta、PayPayポイント。\n投資でポイントを貯められ、一部の会社ではポイント自体で投資できます。\nポイントプログラムは囲い込みを生み、後で乗り換えると連携を失い得ます。\n還元率と条件は変わり、カード年会費で相殺され得ます。\n会社は商品の質と総コストで決め、ポイントはボーナスとして扱います。\n主なポイントエコシステム\n各大手証券会社はポイントエコシステムの中にあります。楽天証券は楽天ポイント、SBIはVポイント、マネックスはdポイント、三菱UFJ eスマートはPonta、PayPay証券はPayPayポイントです。エコシステム内で、会社はクレカ投信積立などでポイントを貯めさせ、一部は貯めたポイントを直接投信に投資させます。\n魅力は、心理的な障壁の低さとコストのわずかな割戻しです。既にこれらのエコシステムの一つで暮らしているなら——楽天で買い物をする、SMBC/Oliveカードを使う——連携は本当に便利です。\n貯めると使う\n2つが混同されます。投資でポイントを貯める（クレカ積立や活動を通じて）のは、どのみち行っていたことへの割戻しです。ポイントを使って投資する（ロイヤルティポイントを投信購入に換える）のは、小さく遊休のポイントを働かせる方法です。どちらも良いですが、いずれも計画以上に投資する・劣った投信を買う理由にはなりません。\n実質価値を計算します。月10万円への1%還元は年12,000円——意味はありますが、率を得るためだけのカード年会費で容易に相殺されます。ポイントは二次的な手数料割戻しで、投資の根拠ではありません。\n囲い込みと条件変更\n本当のリスクは囲い込みです。ポイント主体で会社を選ぶと、一つの商業エコシステムに縛られ、後で乗り換えると連携や貯めた利益を失い得ます。一方で還元率とプログラム条件は頻繁に変わり、ポイントは失効し得ます——惹かれた率が続くとは限りません。\nよって、商品の質・総コスト・税務対応・サービスで会社を決め、どのみち選ぶ会社がたまたま良いプログラムを提供するとき、ポイントを控えめなボーナスとして扱います。ポイント率で高いカードや劣った投信に誘導されないようにします。","url":"/ja/investing/points-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:is-credit-card-investing-worth-it:ja","entityId":"guide:is-credit-card-investing-worth-it","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"クレカ積立は得か？","plainText":"クレカ積立は、カードが既に自分にとって割に合い、投信が適切なとき得です。月10万円への1%還元は年12,000円で、カードの他の特典が本当に見合わない限り、年会費33,000円で容易に相殺されます。\n還元の計算、カード年会費、必要利用額、一時的なキャンペーン、月10万円の具体例。\n還元−カード年会費−本来しない利用、で計算します。\n月10万円への1%還元は年12,000円です。\n年会費33,000円は、還元だけで見合うには他に21,000円以上の本物の価値が必要です。\n継続率を初年度・キャンペーンのボーナスと分けます。\nポイントで劣った投信や不要な利用に押されないこと。\n還元の計算\nクレカ積立は、毎月の投信購入（通常月10万円まで）にポイントを付けます。得かどうかは、一つの計算で判断します。還元−カードの年会費−率のために本来しない追加利用です。純額だけが本物の価値です。\n総額の還元は簡単です。月10万円への1%は年12,000円、0.5%なら6,000円。心地よいが控えめな額で、コストを差し引く前の上限です。\nカード年会費と必要利用額\n還元は、カード自体が理にかなうときだけ価値があります。高い還元率は、年会費のあるプレミアムカードから生じたり、カードでの最低限の非投資利用を要したりします。12,000円の投資還元を得るためだけに年会費33,000円を払えば、カードの他の特典（保険・ラウンジ・他のポイント）が実際に使う価値を少なくともそれだけ提供しない限り、21,000円損です。\n必要利用額にも注意します。例えば年100万円のカード利用に依存する率は、本来以上に使わせるなら無料ではありません。どのみち本当に使う特典だけを数えます。\n具体例\nカードで決済する月10万円を考えます。低・無年会費カードの標準0.5%なら、ほぼ無コストで年6,000円——小さいが明確な得です。年会費33,000円のカードで宣伝の1%なら、12,000円の還元は、カードの特典を別途21,000円以上と評価しない限り年会費で相殺以上です。そして表面の「3%」初年度率は通常キャンペーンで継続率ではありません——一時的なボーナスと毎年得る分を分けます。\n原則：カードが既に自分に割に合い、投信がどのみち買うものなら、クレカ積立は良いボーナスです。還元を追うために主にカード・投信・利用を選ぶなら、通常は得ではありません。ポイントは手数料割戻しで、投資の理由ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/is-credit-card-investing-worth-it","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:credit-card-investing","guide:points-investing","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://go.sbisec.co.jp/prd/fund/creditcard/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/fund/saving/card.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"クレカ積立は、カードが既に自分にとって割に合い、投信が適切なとき得です。月10万円への1%還元は年12,000円で、カードの他の特典が本当に見合わない限り、年会費33,000円で容易に相殺されます。\n還元の計算、カード年会費、必要利用額、一時的なキャンペーン、月10万円の具体例。\n還元−カード年会費−本来しない利用、で計算します。\n月10万円への1%還元は年12,000円です。\n年会費33,000円は、還元だけで見合うには他に21,000円以上の本物の価値が必要です。\n継続率を初年度・キャンペーンのボーナスと分けます。\nポイントで劣った投信や不要な利用に押されないこと。\n還元の計算\nクレカ積立は、毎月の投信購入（通常月10万円まで）にポイントを付けます。得かどうかは、一つの計算で判断します。還元−カードの年会費−率のために本来しない追加利用です。純額だけが本物の価値です。\n総額の還元は簡単です。月10万円への1%は年12,000円、0.5%なら6,000円。心地よいが控えめな額で、コストを差し引く前の上限です。\nカード年会費と必要利用額\n還元は、カード自体が理にかなうときだけ価値があります。高い還元率は、年会費のあるプレミアムカードから生じたり、カードでの最低限の非投資利用を要したりします。12,000円の投資還元を得るためだけに年会費33,000円を払えば、カードの他の特典（保険・ラウンジ・他のポイント）が実際に使う価値を少なくともそれだけ提供しない限り、21,000円損です。\n必要利用額にも注意します。例えば年100万円のカード利用に依存する率は、本来以上に使わせるなら無料ではありません。どのみち本当に使う特典だけを数えます。\n具体例\nカードで決済する月10万円を考えます。低・無年会費カードの標準0.5%なら、ほぼ無コストで年6,000円——小さいが明確な得です。年会費33,000円のカードで宣伝の1%なら、12,000円の還元は、カードの特典を別途21,000円以上と評価しない限り年会費で相殺以上です。そして表面の「3%」初年度率は通常キャンペーンで継続率ではありません——一時的なボーナスと毎年得る分を分けます。\n原則：カードが既に自分に割に合い、投信がどのみち買うものなら、クレカ積立は良いボーナスです。還元を追うために主にカード・投信・利用を選ぶなら、通常は得ではありません。ポイントは手数料割戻しで、投資の理由ではありません。","url":"/ja/investing/is-credit-card-investing-worth-it","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-nisa:ja","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-nisa","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAのおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"NISAでは、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・三菱UFJ eスマートが、広い対象・低いNISA取引手数料・積立で先行します。最適は、望む投信・エコシステム・外国株対応の要否で決まります。\nNISAの商品範囲、投信、日本・米国株、手数料とFX、積立、カード/ポイント連携、外国人居住者対応。\nNISA全体では、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・MUFG eスマートが先行。\n対象投信のラインナップ・積立設定・NISA取引手数料を比べます。\nNISAでの外国株対応は会社ごと——正確な商品を確認します。\nカード・ポイント連携はエコシステムで異なり頻繁に変わります。\nNISA買付は年1社。乗り換えても既存保有は残ります。\n商品範囲と積立\nNISAでは、まず対象商品の範囲と自動化のしやすさを比べます。SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・三菱UFJ eスマートはいずれも、広いNISA投信メニュー・100円の最低額・積立を提供し、NISA対象の国内株・投信の手数料0円を概ねうたいます。意図する投信がFSAリストにあり、望む枠で会社が取り扱うか確認します。\n積立設定はつみたて枠に重要です。毎月の日付・ボーナス月設定・金額調整のしやすさです。これらの小さな差が、長期計画の運びやすさに影響します。\n外国株とエコシステム\nNISA内で米国等の外国株を望むなら、対応は会社ごとです。SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井はNISAの米国株取引を提供し（対象商品は0円のことが多い）、外国市場の広さやFX条件は異なります。IBKR証券は、対象の国内・外国商品をNISAで扱い全世界に届きます。NISA内でも外国源泉徴収は残るため、正確な銘柄とFXコストを確認します。\nエコシステム連携が僅差の決め手になり得ます。楽天は楽天カード/ポイント、SBIはSMBC/OliveとVポイント、マネックスはdカード/ポイント、eスマートはMUFG/au/Ponta。これらは便宜であり、劣った投信メニューを受け入れる理由ではありません。\n年1社の原則\nNISAの構造的な規則を思い出します。新規のNISA買付ができるのはその年1社のみですが、原則年単位で機関を変えられます。乗り換えると、既存のNISA保有は通常そのNISA関係のまま旧社に残り——新社のNISAへは移らない——ため、NISAを複数社に分断しないよう慎重に選びます。\n乗り換えは可能でも滑らかではないため、投信メニュー・コスト・エコシステムを長期で検討します。最良のNISA会社は、喜んで使い続けられ、自分の投信を扱い、自分の状況に合う会社です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokers-for-nisa","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokers-for-mutual-funds","guide:nisa-choose-broker"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/nisa","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/nisa/","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex Securities","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/nisa/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"NISAでは、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・三菱UFJ eスマートが、広い対象・低いNISA取引手数料・積立で先行します。最適は、望む投信・エコシステム・外国株対応の要否で決まります。\nNISAの商品範囲、投信、日本・米国株、手数料とFX、積立、カード/ポイント連携、外国人居住者対応。\nNISA全体では、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・MUFG eスマートが先行。\n対象投信のラインナップ・積立設定・NISA取引手数料を比べます。\nNISAでの外国株対応は会社ごと——正確な商品を確認します。\nカード・ポイント連携はエコシステムで異なり頻繁に変わります。\nNISA買付は年1社。乗り換えても既存保有は残ります。\n商品範囲と積立\nNISAでは、まず対象商品の範囲と自動化のしやすさを比べます。SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・三菱UFJ eスマートはいずれも、広いNISA投信メニュー・100円の最低額・積立を提供し、NISA対象の国内株・投信の手数料0円を概ねうたいます。意図する投信がFSAリストにあり、望む枠で会社が取り扱うか確認します。\n積立設定はつみたて枠に重要です。毎月の日付・ボーナス月設定・金額調整のしやすさです。これらの小さな差が、長期計画の運びやすさに影響します。\n外国株とエコシステム\nNISA内で米国等の外国株を望むなら、対応は会社ごとです。SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井はNISAの米国株取引を提供し（対象商品は0円のことが多い）、外国市場の広さやFX条件は異なります。IBKR証券は、対象の国内・外国商品をNISAで扱い全世界に届きます。NISA内でも外国源泉徴収は残るため、正確な銘柄とFXコストを確認します。\nエコシステム連携が僅差の決め手になり得ます。楽天は楽天カード/ポイント、SBIはSMBC/OliveとVポイント、マネックスはdカード/ポイント、eスマートはMUFG/au/Ponta。これらは便宜であり、劣った投信メニューを受け入れる理由ではありません。\n年1社の原則\nNISAの構造的な規則を思い出します。新規のNISA買付ができるのはその年1社のみですが、原則年単位で機関を変えられます。乗り換えると、既存のNISA保有は通常そのNISA関係のまま旧社に残り——新社のNISAへは移らない——ため、NISAを複数社に分断しないよう慎重に選びます。\n乗り換えは可能でも滑らかではないため、投信メニュー・コスト・エコシステムを長期で検討します。最良のNISA会社は、喜んで使い続けられ、自分の投信を扱い、自分の状況に合う会社です。","url":"/ja/investing/brokers-for-nisa","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-mutual-funds:ja","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-mutual-funds","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"投資信託のおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"投資信託では、SBI・楽天・マネックスが、非常に広い品揃え・100円の最低額・積立とクレカ積立・ポイントで先行します。ただし膨大な品揃えは不要な投信の乱立を招き得るため、広い低コストの核が最重要です。\nファンドの品揃え、最低投資額、自動積立、NISA対象、ポイント、クレカ積立、スクリーニング。\nSBI・楽天・マネックスは、低い最低額（100円から）で非常に広い品揃え。\n自動積立とクレカ積立で、毎月の資産形成が簡単です。\n自分の投信のNISA対象とポイント/カード連携を確認します。\nスクリーニング・比較ツールは有用ですが、直近の成績は選択基準ではありません。\n広い品揃えは、重複した投信を多く持つ誘惑になり得ます。\n品揃え・最低額・自動化\n投信投資家には、SBI・楽天・マネックスが非常に広い品揃え・100円の最低額・容易な自動化で際立ちます。毎月の積立を設定し、対応会社では提携カードで決済してポイントを得られます。この組み合わせが、着実で低コストの資産形成を容易にします——多くの初心者の計画の核です。\n意図する投信が利用可能で、望む場所でNISA対象で、積立に対応しているか確認します。大手3社は人気の低コストインデックス投信を扱いますが、正確な取扱とカード連携は異なります。\nスクリーニング・比較ツール\n良い会社はスクリーニング・比較ツールを提供します——資産クラス・ベンチマーク・コスト・NISA対象で絞り込み、投信を並べて比較できます。これらは、ベンチマーク・信託報酬・トラッキング差異・規模で投信を評価する助けになります。投信が指数を妥当に追随し安いかの確認に使い、直近のリターンで順位付けするためには使いません。\n典型的な罠は「昨年最良の投信」を選ぶことです。直近の成績は将来の相対結果の指針として不確実で、上位の投信も翌年は劣後し得ます。ツールは、成績追いではなく、コストとベンチマークに基づく判断に役立てます。\n投信の乱立を避ける\n非常に広い品揃えには欠点があります。重複するテーマ・地域の投信を多く集める誘惑で、真の分散なしに複雑さとコストを加えます。同じ米国大型株を持つ10本は、広い全世界1本より分散されておらず、管理が難しいだけです。\n単純に保ちます。配分を決め、広い低コスト投信1本を核に選び、それ以外は意図的で限定的なサテライトとしてのみ加えます。最良の投信会社は、選んだ低コスト投信を扱い自動化する会社で、総品揃えの大きさはその目的にはほぼ無関係です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokers-for-mutual-funds","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:brokers-for-nisa","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:credit-card-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://go.sbisec.co.jp/prd/fund/creditcard/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/fund/saving/","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex Securities","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/fund/tsumitate/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"投資信託では、SBI・楽天・マネックスが、非常に広い品揃え・100円の最低額・積立とクレカ積立・ポイントで先行します。ただし膨大な品揃えは不要な投信の乱立を招き得るため、広い低コストの核が最重要です。\nファンドの品揃え、最低投資額、自動積立、NISA対象、ポイント、クレカ積立、スクリーニング。\nSBI・楽天・マネックスは、低い最低額（100円から）で非常に広い品揃え。\n自動積立とクレカ積立で、毎月の資産形成が簡単です。\n自分の投信のNISA対象とポイント/カード連携を確認します。\nスクリーニング・比較ツールは有用ですが、直近の成績は選択基準ではありません。\n広い品揃えは、重複した投信を多く持つ誘惑になり得ます。\n品揃え・最低額・自動化\n投信投資家には、SBI・楽天・マネックスが非常に広い品揃え・100円の最低額・容易な自動化で際立ちます。毎月の積立を設定し、対応会社では提携カードで決済してポイントを得られます。この組み合わせが、着実で低コストの資産形成を容易にします——多くの初心者の計画の核です。\n意図する投信が利用可能で、望む場所でNISA対象で、積立に対応しているか確認します。大手3社は人気の低コストインデックス投信を扱いますが、正確な取扱とカード連携は異なります。\nスクリーニング・比較ツール\n良い会社はスクリーニング・比較ツールを提供します——資産クラス・ベンチマーク・コスト・NISA対象で絞り込み、投信を並べて比較できます。これらは、ベンチマーク・信託報酬・トラッキング差異・規模で投信を評価する助けになります。投信が指数を妥当に追随し安いかの確認に使い、直近のリターンで順位付けするためには使いません。\n典型的な罠は「昨年最良の投信」を選ぶことです。直近の成績は将来の相対結果の指針として不確実で、上位の投信も翌年は劣後し得ます。ツールは、成績追いではなく、コストとベンチマークに基づく判断に役立てます。\n投信の乱立を避ける\n非常に広い品揃えには欠点があります。重複するテーマ・地域の投信を多く集める誘惑で、真の分散なしに複雑さとコストを加えます。同じ米国大型株を持つ10本は、広い全世界1本より分散されておらず、管理が難しいだけです。\n単純に保ちます。配分を決め、広い低コスト投信1本を核に選び、それ以外は意図的で限定的なサテライトとしてのみ加えます。最良の投信会社は、選んだ低コスト投信を扱い自動化する会社で、総品揃えの大きさはその目的にはほぼ無関係です。","url":"/ja/investing/brokers-for-mutual-funds","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-us-stocks:ja","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-us-stocks","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"米国株のおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"米国株では、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・IBKR証券がNISA対応と競争的な取引/FXで先行します。0.495%・上限22米ドルの手数料モデルとFXスプレッドを比べ、米国配当がNISA内でも米国源泉徴収を伴う点に留意し、米国人の制限を確認します。\n取引手数料、為替スプレッド、NISA対応、取扱銘柄、時間外取引、調査、米国納税者の制限、源泉徴収。\nSBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・IBKR証券が競争的な条件で米国株に対応。\n課税の米国株手数料は多くが0.495%・上限22米ドル。対象のNISA商品は0円のことも。\nFXスプレッドは手数料と同等に重要——ドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社も。\n米国配当はNISA内でも米国の源泉地国課税を伴います。\n一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を制限します。申込前に確認します。\n手数料・FX・NISA\n米国株では、複数の大手が似たモデルを共有します。課税取引で約0.495%・上限約22米ドル、NISA対象の米国株・ETFで0円です。よってコストでは、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井は概ね同等で、FXスプレッドが手数料より重要なことが多いです——リアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社もあれば1ドルあたりのスプレッドの会社もあります。現行の両替条件を確認します。\nIBKR証券は、インターバンク型の通貨執行＋手数料という別のプロ向け価格モデルを使い、対象の米国商品をNISAで扱います。プロ向けプラットフォームと広い全世界アクセスに慣れた投資家に向きます。\n銘柄・時間・調査\nコストの他に、取扱銘柄（正確なティッカーとETF）・時間外取引・調査ツールを比べます。マネックスは米国株の調査・スクリーニング・分析ツールに定評があり、moomooやWebullはデータ重視でアクティブ取引向けのプラットフォーム、IBKRは最も広い全世界アクセスを提供します。特定の米国銘柄を取引する・時間外アクセスを望むなら、各社の正確な対応を確認します。\n米国インデックス投信を毎月買うパッシブ投資家には、これらの多くは二次的です——主流の会社の低コスト投信で十分です。高度な米国株機能は、主により能動的・調査重視の投資家に重要です。\n源泉徴収と米国人の制限\n越境の2点が重要です。第一に、米国配当はNISA内でも米国の源泉地国課税を伴います——NISAが消すのは日本の税だけ——ため、源泉徴収後の利回りで試算します。第二に、米国人は制限を受けます。例えば楽天は米国人が同社の外国株商品を取引できないとし、他社も異なる規則を課します。米国納税者なら、会社が受け入れるか確認し、購入前に越境助言を受けます。\n非米国人には、主な選択はコスト・FX・プラットフォームです。米国人には、会社の受入と米国税の扱いが先で、受け入れる会社で買う米国籍ETFが日本の投信より単純なことがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokers-for-us-stocks","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:us-stocks-from-japan","guide:brokerage-fees-compared","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:global-investors-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/commission/","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex Securities","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/service/fee/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"米国株では、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・IBKR証券がNISA対応と競争的な取引/FXで先行します。0.495%・上限22米ドルの手数料モデルとFXスプレッドを比べ、米国配当がNISA内でも米国源泉徴収を伴う点に留意し、米国人の制限を確認します。\n取引手数料、為替スプレッド、NISA対応、取扱銘柄、時間外取引、調査、米国納税者の制限、源泉徴収。\nSBI・楽天・マネックス・松井・IBKR証券が競争的な条件で米国株に対応。\n課税の米国株手数料は多くが0.495%・上限22米ドル。対象のNISA商品は0円のことも。\nFXスプレッドは手数料と同等に重要——ドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社も。\n米国配当はNISA内でも米国の源泉地国課税を伴います。\n一部の会社は米国人の外国株取引を制限します。申込前に確認します。\n手数料・FX・NISA\n米国株では、複数の大手が似たモデルを共有します。課税取引で約0.495%・上限約22米ドル、NISA対象の米国株・ETFで0円です。よってコストでは、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井は概ね同等で、FXスプレッドが手数料より重要なことが多いです——リアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円をうたう会社もあれば1ドルあたりのスプレッドの会社もあります。現行の両替条件を確認します。\nIBKR証券は、インターバンク型の通貨執行＋手数料という別のプロ向け価格モデルを使い、対象の米国商品をNISAで扱います。プロ向けプラットフォームと広い全世界アクセスに慣れた投資家に向きます。\n銘柄・時間・調査\nコストの他に、取扱銘柄（正確なティッカーとETF）・時間外取引・調査ツールを比べます。マネックスは米国株の調査・スクリーニング・分析ツールに定評があり、moomooやWebullはデータ重視でアクティブ取引向けのプラットフォーム、IBKRは最も広い全世界アクセスを提供します。特定の米国銘柄を取引する・時間外アクセスを望むなら、各社の正確な対応を確認します。\n米国インデックス投信を毎月買うパッシブ投資家には、これらの多くは二次的です——主流の会社の低コスト投信で十分です。高度な米国株機能は、主により能動的・調査重視の投資家に重要です。\n源泉徴収と米国人の制限\n越境の2点が重要です。第一に、米国配当はNISA内でも米国の源泉地国課税を伴います——NISAが消すのは日本の税だけ——ため、源泉徴収後の利回りで試算します。第二に、米国人は制限を受けます。例えば楽天は米国人が同社の外国株商品を取引できないとし、他社も異なる規則を課します。米国納税者なら、会社が受け入れるか確認し、購入前に越境助言を受けます。\n非米国人には、主な選択はコスト・FX・プラットフォームです。米国人には、会社の受入と米国税の扱いが先で、受け入れる会社で買う米国籍ETFが日本の投信より単純なことがあります。","url":"/ja/investing/brokers-for-us-stocks","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-japanese-stocks:ja","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-japanese-stocks","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本株のおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"日本株では、SBI・楽天・松井・三菱UFJ eスマート・moomooが、低いオンライン手数料・単元未満株・強いアプリで先行します。松井は少額の国内価格で目立ち、手数料無料は経路や電子交付の条件を伴い得ます。\n国内手数料、単元未満株、調査とスクリーニング、IPOアクセス、モバイルアプリ、NISA対応。\nSBI・楽天・松井・MUFG eスマート・moomooが国内株で先行。\n国内手数料無料は、経路や電子交付の条件を伴い得ます。\n単元未満株で、100株の単元未満を買えます。\n松井は少額の国内価格が有用、moomooはデータと1株購入を提供。\nIPOアクセス・調査/スクリーニング・NISA対応を必要に応じて確認します。\n手数料と単元未満株\n国内株では、SBI・楽天・松井・三菱UFJ eスマートが非常に低い・0円のオンライン手数料を提供しますが、無料プログラムは電子交付とスマート注文の条件を要し得ます。松井は、公表された1日の枠内の無料現物取引で、少額の国内株取引に特に魅力的です。「無料」が自分の取引で本当に無料になるよう条件を読みます。\n単元未満株サービスで、100株の1単元未満を買え、高株価の銘柄や少額予算に有用です。moomooは1株の日本株購入に対応し、強力なデータとチャートを提供します。\n調査・スクリーニング・IPO\n個別の日本企業を分析するなら、調査・スクリーニングツールとIPOアクセスを比べます。会社は、ファンダメンタルデータ・スクリーナー・IPO配分の方法（配分方法と過去の割当率は異なり常に開示されるわけではない）で違います。moomooはデータとコミュニティに強く、大手は堅実なスクリーニングを提供し、フルサービスは高コストでより深いIPO・調査資源を持ちます。\n広いTOPIXやNikkeiのインデックス投信を使うパッシブ投資家には、これらの多くは不要です——主流の会社の低コスト日本インデックス投信で十分です。高度なツールは、指数の買い手ではなく銘柄選びの人に重要です。\nアクティブと長期の利用者\n投資の仕方に会社を合わせます。国内のアクティブトレーダーは、低い1取引コスト・速いアプリ・チャート・スクリーニングを重視します——SBI・楽天・松井・moomooがいずれも合い、MUFG eスマートはエコシステム利用者に強いです。長期投資家は主に、NISAで広い日本インデックス投信を毎月安く確実に買う手段が必要で、主流の会社ならどこでも扱います。\nよって「最良」の日本株会社は、銘柄を取引するか指数を積み立てるかで決まります。まずそれを決め、自分のスタイルに実際に当てはまる機能を比べます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokers-for-japanese-stocks","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks","guide:japan-equity-funds","guide:brokerage-fees-compared","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true},{"publisher":"Matsui Securities","url":"https://www.matsui.co.jp/service/commission/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"日本株では、SBI・楽天・松井・三菱UFJ eスマート・moomooが、低いオンライン手数料・単元未満株・強いアプリで先行します。松井は少額の国内価格で目立ち、手数料無料は経路や電子交付の条件を伴い得ます。\n国内手数料、単元未満株、調査とスクリーニング、IPOアクセス、モバイルアプリ、NISA対応。\nSBI・楽天・松井・MUFG eスマート・moomooが国内株で先行。\n国内手数料無料は、経路や電子交付の条件を伴い得ます。\n単元未満株で、100株の単元未満を買えます。\n松井は少額の国内価格が有用、moomooはデータと1株購入を提供。\nIPOアクセス・調査/スクリーニング・NISA対応を必要に応じて確認します。\n手数料と単元未満株\n国内株では、SBI・楽天・松井・三菱UFJ eスマートが非常に低い・0円のオンライン手数料を提供しますが、無料プログラムは電子交付とスマート注文の条件を要し得ます。松井は、公表された1日の枠内の無料現物取引で、少額の国内株取引に特に魅力的です。「無料」が自分の取引で本当に無料になるよう条件を読みます。\n単元未満株サービスで、100株の1単元未満を買え、高株価の銘柄や少額予算に有用です。moomooは1株の日本株購入に対応し、強力なデータとチャートを提供します。\n調査・スクリーニング・IPO\n個別の日本企業を分析するなら、調査・スクリーニングツールとIPOアクセスを比べます。会社は、ファンダメンタルデータ・スクリーナー・IPO配分の方法（配分方法と過去の割当率は異なり常に開示されるわけではない）で違います。moomooはデータとコミュニティに強く、大手は堅実なスクリーニングを提供し、フルサービスは高コストでより深いIPO・調査資源を持ちます。\n広いTOPIXやNikkeiのインデックス投信を使うパッシブ投資家には、これらの多くは不要です——主流の会社の低コスト日本インデックス投信で十分です。高度なツールは、指数の買い手ではなく銘柄選びの人に重要です。\nアクティブと長期の利用者\n投資の仕方に会社を合わせます。国内のアクティブトレーダーは、低い1取引コスト・速いアプリ・チャート・スクリーニングを重視します——SBI・楽天・松井・moomooがいずれも合い、MUFG eスマートはエコシステム利用者に強いです。長期投資家は主に、NISAで広い日本インデックス投信を毎月安く確実に買う手段が必要で、主流の会社ならどこでも扱います。\nよって「最良」の日本株会社は、銘柄を取引するか指数を積み立てるかで決まります。まずそれを決め、自分のスタイルに実際に当てはまる機能を比べます。","url":"/ja/investing/brokers-for-japanese-stocks","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-small-investments:ja","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-small-investments","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"少額積立のおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"月100円〜3万円には、PayPay・楽天・SBI・マネックス・松井が、低い最低額・単元未満株・投信積立で少額のアプリ投資に向きます。ただし手軽さで商品の質を犠牲にしたり、少額ポジションを過剰売買したりしないこと。\n最低購入額、単元未満株、投信積立、ポイント、そして100円〜3万円の投資家が不要な取引を避ける方法。\nPayPay・楽天・SBI・マネックス・松井が、少額のアプリ投資に向きます。\n100円からの投信最低額と単元未満株で、ごく少額から始められます。\n投信積立が資産形成を自動化し、ポイントが小さな割戻しを加えます。\nPayPayはごく少額・アプリ優先の購入（約100円から）に強いです。\n少額ポジションを過剰売買しないこと——固定費とスプレッドが少額を削ります。\n低い最低額と単元未満株\n少額の毎月予算は、それ向けに作られた会社によく合います。PayPay証券はモバイル優先の体験で約100円から購入でき、楽天・SBI・マネックス・松井は100円の投信最低額と積立を提供します。単元未満株で100株の1単元未満を買えるため、まとまった額を貯めるのを待たずに、控えめな額でも毎月投資できます。\n要点は、月5,000〜3万円がこの候補のどこでも十分に運用できることです。違いは、アプリ体験・エコシステム・細部にあり、少額投資が可能かどうかにはありません。\n自動化とポイント\n少額の毎月投資では、自動化がすべてです。投信の積立を設定して走らせれば、投資に毎月の判断が要りません。対応会社では提携カードで決済してポイントを得られます——カードが既に自分に合うとき嬉しい小さな割戻しです。買付をNISAに入れ、控えめな利益も非課税に保ちます。\n少額を多数の商品に散らすより、分散された低コスト投信1本を核に選びます。たとえ5,000円でも一貫して投資する習慣が、正確な会社やわずかなポイント差よりはるかに重要です。\n不要な取引を避ける\n少額投資家の主なリスクは会社ではなく行動です。少額ポジションの過剰売買や小さなテーマへの賭けは、固定費とスプレッドに少額を食わせ、頻繁な売買は、少額の一貫した投資を強力にする複利を損ないます。計画を設定して放置します。\n手軽さやポイントで、劣った・高コストの投信に誘導されないようにします。最良の少額投資会社は、単に低い最低額・容易な自動化・選んだ低コスト投信を持つ会社です。設定できたら、最も価値ある行動は「何もしない」ことです——拠出を続け、時間に働かせます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokers-for-small-investments","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:small-monthly-budget-investing","guide:brokers-for-beginners","guide:credit-card-investing","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"月100円〜3万円には、PayPay・楽天・SBI・マネックス・松井が、低い最低額・単元未満株・投信積立で少額のアプリ投資に向きます。ただし手軽さで商品の質を犠牲にしたり、少額ポジションを過剰売買したりしないこと。\n最低購入額、単元未満株、投信積立、ポイント、そして100円〜3万円の投資家が不要な取引を避ける方法。\nPayPay・楽天・SBI・マネックス・松井が、少額のアプリ投資に向きます。\n100円からの投信最低額と単元未満株で、ごく少額から始められます。\n投信積立が資産形成を自動化し、ポイントが小さな割戻しを加えます。\nPayPayはごく少額・アプリ優先の購入（約100円から）に強いです。\n少額ポジションを過剰売買しないこと——固定費とスプレッドが少額を削ります。\n低い最低額と単元未満株\n少額の毎月予算は、それ向けに作られた会社によく合います。PayPay証券はモバイル優先の体験で約100円から購入でき、楽天・SBI・マネックス・松井は100円の投信最低額と積立を提供します。単元未満株で100株の1単元未満を買えるため、まとまった額を貯めるのを待たずに、控えめな額でも毎月投資できます。\n要点は、月5,000〜3万円がこの候補のどこでも十分に運用できることです。違いは、アプリ体験・エコシステム・細部にあり、少額投資が可能かどうかにはありません。\n自動化とポイント\n少額の毎月投資では、自動化がすべてです。投信の積立を設定して走らせれば、投資に毎月の判断が要りません。対応会社では提携カードで決済してポイントを得られます——カードが既に自分に合うとき嬉しい小さな割戻しです。買付をNISAに入れ、控えめな利益も非課税に保ちます。\n少額を多数の商品に散らすより、分散された低コスト投信1本を核に選びます。たとえ5,000円でも一貫して投資する習慣が、正確な会社やわずかなポイント差よりはるかに重要です。\n不要な取引を避ける\n少額投資家の主なリスクは会社ではなく行動です。少額ポジションの過剰売買や小さなテーマへの賭けは、固定費とスプレッドに少額を食わせ、頻繁な売買は、少額の一貫した投資を強力にする複利を損ないます。計画を設定して放置します。\n手軽さやポイントで、劣った・高コストの投信に誘導されないようにします。最良の少額投資会社は、単に低い最低額・容易な自動化・選んだ低コスト投信を持つ会社です。設定できたら、最も価値ある行動は「何もしない」ことです——拠出を続け、時間に働かせます。","url":"/ja/investing/brokers-for-small-investments","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:brokers-for-active-traders:ja","entityId":"guide:brokers-for-active-traders","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"アクティブトレーダーのおすすめ証券会社","plainText":"アクティブトレーダーには、高度な注文・データ・信用・デリバティブでIBKR証券・moomoo・Webull・GMOクリック・SBIが向きます。ただしレバレッジ・時間外・頻繁な取引は、行動・レバレッジ・税のリスクを高めます。\n注文とチャート、スクリーニング、信用・デリバティブ、時間外、データ、取引コスト、レバレッジと過剰取引のリスク。\nIBKR証券・moomoo・Webull・GMOクリック・SBIがアクティブ取引に向きます。\n注文種別・チャート・スクリーニング・データ・時間外・信用/デリバティブを比べます。\n頻繁に取引するほど、取引コストとスプレッドが重要になります。\nレバレッジや日次リセットの商品は、経路依存のリスクを持ちます。\n過剰取引と頻繁な課税イベントが、静かにリターンを削り得ます。\nアクティブ取引に重要なツール\nアクティブトレーダーは、パッシブ投資家が不要な機能を必要とします。高度な注文種別・速く詳細なチャート・強力なスクリーニング・リアルタイムデータ・時間外取引、そして信用・先物・デリバティブへのアクセスです。インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券は最も広いプロ向けツールと全世界市場を、moomooやWebullはデータ重視でコミュニティ志向のプラットフォームを、GMOクリックは国内アクティブ・デリバティブに強く、SBIは信用を含む広い範囲をカバーします。\nプラットフォームを商品とスタイルに合わせます——「最良」は、日本株・米国銘柄・デリバティブ・FXのどれを取引し、どれだけのデータと注文の高度さが必要かで決まります。\n頻繁に取引するときのコスト\n頻繁に取引すると、コストは急速に積み上がります。1取引の手数料・外国取引のFXスプレッド・売買スプレッド・市場/規制手数料が取引のたびに生じるため、1取引では安く見えるプラットフォームが数百取引では高くなり得ます。表面の率だけでなく、想定する取引頻度での総コストを比べます。\nNISA外の頻繁な取引は、頻繁な課税イベントも生み、記録を複雑にし税のマイナスを増やし得ます。NISA内でも、アクティブ取引は買い直しごとに年間枠を使います。コストと税効率は、ツールと同じだけ注目に値します。\nレバレッジと過剰取引のリスク\nアクティブ取引はリスクを増幅します。信用やレバレッジ商品は利益も損失も拡大し、日次リセットのレバレッジETFは経路依存を持ち、時間とともに意外な結果を生み得ます——長期の核の保有には一般に不向きです。時間外やデリバティブは、トレーダーのリスク管理を超え得る複雑さを加えます。\n商品を超えて、行動面のリスクが現実です。頻繁な取引は、多くの人にとって忍耐強い投資に劣後しがちで、活動の興奮がコスト後・税後の悪い結果を覆い隠し得ます。アクティブに取引するなら、悪い連続が計画を壊せない規模でポジションを取り、分散された長期の核を取引部分と分けて保ちます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/brokers-for-active-traders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:investment-risk-explained","guide:brokerage-fees-compared"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"アクティブトレーダーには、高度な注文・データ・信用・デリバティブでIBKR証券・moomoo・Webull・GMOクリック・SBIが向きます。ただしレバレッジ・時間外・頻繁な取引は、行動・レバレッジ・税のリスクを高めます。\n注文とチャート、スクリーニング、信用・デリバティブ、時間外、データ、取引コスト、レバレッジと過剰取引のリスク。\nIBKR証券・moomoo・Webull・GMOクリック・SBIがアクティブ取引に向きます。\n注文種別・チャート・スクリーニング・データ・時間外・信用/デリバティブを比べます。\n頻繁に取引するほど、取引コストとスプレッドが重要になります。\nレバレッジや日次リセットの商品は、経路依存のリスクを持ちます。\n過剰取引と頻繁な課税イベントが、静かにリターンを削り得ます。\nアクティブ取引に重要なツール\nアクティブトレーダーは、パッシブ投資家が不要な機能を必要とします。高度な注文種別・速く詳細なチャート・強力なスクリーニング・リアルタイムデータ・時間外取引、そして信用・先物・デリバティブへのアクセスです。インタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券は最も広いプロ向けツールと全世界市場を、moomooやWebullはデータ重視でコミュニティ志向のプラットフォームを、GMOクリックは国内アクティブ・デリバティブに強く、SBIは信用を含む広い範囲をカバーします。\nプラットフォームを商品とスタイルに合わせます——「最良」は、日本株・米国銘柄・デリバティブ・FXのどれを取引し、どれだけのデータと注文の高度さが必要かで決まります。\n頻繁に取引するときのコスト\n頻繁に取引すると、コストは急速に積み上がります。1取引の手数料・外国取引のFXスプレッド・売買スプレッド・市場/規制手数料が取引のたびに生じるため、1取引では安く見えるプラットフォームが数百取引では高くなり得ます。表面の率だけでなく、想定する取引頻度での総コストを比べます。\nNISA外の頻繁な取引は、頻繁な課税イベントも生み、記録を複雑にし税のマイナスを増やし得ます。NISA内でも、アクティブ取引は買い直しごとに年間枠を使います。コストと税効率は、ツールと同じだけ注目に値します。\nレバレッジと過剰取引のリスク\nアクティブ取引はリスクを増幅します。信用やレバレッジ商品は利益も損失も拡大し、日次リセットのレバレッジETFは経路依存を持ち、時間とともに意外な結果を生み得ます——長期の核の保有には一般に不向きです。時間外やデリバティブは、トレーダーのリスク管理を超え得る複雑さを加えます。\n商品を超えて、行動面のリスクが現実です。頻繁な取引は、多くの人にとって忍耐強い投資に劣後しがちで、活動の興奮がコスト後・税後の悪い結果を覆い隠し得ます。アクティブに取引するなら、悪い連続が計画を壊せない規模でポジションを取り、分散された長期の核を取引部分と分けて保ちます。","url":"/ja/investing/brokers-for-active-traders","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sbi-vs-rakuten:ja","entityId":"guide:sbi-vs-rakuten","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SBI証券と楽天証券","plainText":"SBIと楽天は、非常に似た中核（広いNISAメニュー・対象NISA取引0円・課税米国株0.495%/22米ドル・積立/クレカ）を持つ2大低コスト証券です。判断は通常、既に使うエコシステム（SMBC/VポイントとRakuten）で決まります。\n2大低コスト証券を、商品・手数料とFX・積立/クレカ・ポイント・エコシステムで比較。\n両社とも広いNISAメニュー・100円最低額・対象NISA取引0円・積立/クレカを提供。\n課税米国株手数料は同等（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）でドル円スプレッド0円をうたう。\nSBIのエコシステムはSMBC/OliveとVポイント、楽天は楽天カード・銀行・ポイント。\nSBIは非常に広い市場・商品、楽天はアプリの使いやすさと連携で評価。\n決め手は通常、既にどのエコシステムにいるかです。\nどれだけ似ているか\nSBIと楽天は、自分で運用する日本の投資家の既定の2大低コスト証券で、中核の提供は驚くほど似ています。両社とも、100円の最低額の広いNISA投信メニュー、NISA対象の国内・米国株・投信の手数料0円、積立、クレカ積立、そして同等の課税米国株価格（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）とリアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円のうたい文句を提供します。\nNISAで低コストインデックス投信を毎月買う初心者には、どちらも優れた選択で、実際の体験は非常に近いです。違いは周辺——エコシステム・アプリの感触・特定商品の広さ——にあります。\n違いはどこか\n主な差別化はエコシステムです。SBIはSMBC/OliveとVポイント、SMBCカードでのクレカ積立と連携し、楽天は楽天カード・楽天銀行・楽天キャッシュ・楽天ポイントと連携します。既にこれらの世界の一つで買い物・銀行・支出を多くするなら、その会社の連携がより便利でポイントもより有用です。\n広さでは、SBIが最も広いワンストップの商品範囲（多くの外国市場・債券・IPOアクセス）でよく挙げられ、楽天は洗練されたアプリと滑らかな投信積立で評価されます。両社とも還元率と条件を頻繁に変えるため、ポイント率は二次的な要因として扱います。\n選び方\n中核が非常に近いため、来四半期に変わり得る小さなポイント率の差ではなく、エコシステムの相性とアプリの好みで選びます。SMBC/Oliveを使う・最も広い商品範囲を望むならSBIがやや有利、楽天エコシステムにいる・アプリを好むなら楽天です。多くの投資家はどちらでも十分満足できます。\n新規のNISA買付は年1社のみで、乗り換えても既存保有は残ることを思い出します——一時的なキャンペーンを追うより、長期に喜んで使い続けられる方を選びます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/sbi-vs-rakuten","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:sbi-vs-monex","guide:rakuten-vs-monex","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokers-for-nisa"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/commission/","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/nisa","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"SBIと楽天は、非常に似た中核（広いNISAメニュー・対象NISA取引0円・課税米国株0.495%/22米ドル・積立/クレカ）を持つ2大低コスト証券です。判断は通常、既に使うエコシステム（SMBC/VポイントとRakuten）で決まります。\n2大低コスト証券を、商品・手数料とFX・積立/クレカ・ポイント・エコシステムで比較。\n両社とも広いNISAメニュー・100円最低額・対象NISA取引0円・積立/クレカを提供。\n課税米国株手数料は同等（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）でドル円スプレッド0円をうたう。\nSBIのエコシステムはSMBC/OliveとVポイント、楽天は楽天カード・銀行・ポイント。\nSBIは非常に広い市場・商品、楽天はアプリの使いやすさと連携で評価。\n決め手は通常、既にどのエコシステムにいるかです。\nどれだけ似ているか\nSBIと楽天は、自分で運用する日本の投資家の既定の2大低コスト証券で、中核の提供は驚くほど似ています。両社とも、100円の最低額の広いNISA投信メニュー、NISA対象の国内・米国株・投信の手数料0円、積立、クレカ積立、そして同等の課税米国株価格（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）とリアルタイムのドル円スプレッド0円のうたい文句を提供します。\nNISAで低コストインデックス投信を毎月買う初心者には、どちらも優れた選択で、実際の体験は非常に近いです。違いは周辺——エコシステム・アプリの感触・特定商品の広さ——にあります。\n違いはどこか\n主な差別化はエコシステムです。SBIはSMBC/OliveとVポイント、SMBCカードでのクレカ積立と連携し、楽天は楽天カード・楽天銀行・楽天キャッシュ・楽天ポイントと連携します。既にこれらの世界の一つで買い物・銀行・支出を多くするなら、その会社の連携がより便利でポイントもより有用です。\n広さでは、SBIが最も広いワンストップの商品範囲（多くの外国市場・債券・IPOアクセス）でよく挙げられ、楽天は洗練されたアプリと滑らかな投信積立で評価されます。両社とも還元率と条件を頻繁に変えるため、ポイント率は二次的な要因として扱います。\n選び方\n中核が非常に近いため、来四半期に変わり得る小さなポイント率の差ではなく、エコシステムの相性とアプリの好みで選びます。SMBC/Oliveを使う・最も広い商品範囲を望むならSBIがやや有利、楽天エコシステムにいる・アプリを好むなら楽天です。多くの投資家はどちらでも十分満足できます。\n新規のNISA買付は年1社のみで、乗り換えても既存保有は残ることを思い出します——一時的なキャンペーンを追うより、長期に喜んで使い続けられる方を選びます。","url":"/ja/investing/sbi-vs-rakuten","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sbi-vs-monex:ja","entityId":"guide:sbi-vs-monex","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SBI証券とマネックス証券","plainText":"SBIは最も広いワンストップの商品範囲とSMBC/Vポイントのエコシステムを、マネックスは米国株の調査・分析ツールとdカード/dポイント連携で評価されます。両社ともNISA・投信・米国株を十分カバーし、選択は広さ対調査とエコシステムで決まります。\n商品の広さとエコシステム対調査の深さを、同じ軸で比較。\n両社ともNISA・投信・日本/米国株を、積立とクレカ積立でカバー。\nSBIはワンストップの商品の広さとSMBC/Olive/Vポイントのエコシステムで先行。\nマネックスは米国株の調査・スクリーニング・分析ツール、dカード/dポイントで定評。\n課税米国株手数料は同等（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）。\n広さ/エコシステムならSBI、調査の深さならマネックス。\n共通点\nSBIとマネックスは、基本を十分にカバーします。広い投信メニューと100円最低額のNISA、日本・米国株、積立、クレカ積立、そして同等の課税米国株価格（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）です。NISAでインデックス投信を毎月買う初心者には、どちらでも機能し、中核のコストと利便性は近いです。\nどの2社でも、決める前に必要な正確な投信・機能が対応しているか確認します——表面の重なりは、特定の投信や市場が全く同じにカバーされることを保証しません。\nSBIの強み\nSBIの強みは広さとエコシステムです。最も広いワンストップの商品範囲の一つ——多くの外国市場・単元未満株・債券・IPOアクセス・信用——を提供し、SMBC/OliveとVポイントに連携し、SMBCカードでクレカ積立ができます。広い市場を一箇所で望み、SMBC近辺の世界にいるコスト重視の投資家には自然な選択です。\nトレードオフは、画面が密で条件が複雑になり得ることで、より簡潔なプラットフォームに比べ、一部の初心者は圧倒されると感じます。\nマネックスの強み\nマネックスの強みは調査です。米国株の調査・スクリーニング・分析ツールが強いと繰り返し評価され、IPOアクセスもあり、dカード・dポイントと連携します。米国株を分析したい・より深い調査ツールを重視する——そしてdocomo/dエコシステムにいる——投資家には魅力的です。\nよって選択は主に、広さとエコシステム（SBI）対調査の深さとエコシステム（マネックス）です。両社とも強く評判の良い会社で、どの強みとどのポイントエコシステムが実際の投資の仕方に合うかで決めます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/sbi-vs-monex","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:sbi-vs-rakuten","guide:rakuten-vs-monex","guide:brokers-for-us-stocks","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/fee","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex Securities","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/service/fee/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Securities","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/visitor/nisa","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex Securities","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/nisa/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"SBIは最も広いワンストップの商品範囲とSMBC/Vポイントのエコシステムを、マネックスは米国株の調査・分析ツールとdカード/dポイント連携で評価されます。両社ともNISA・投信・米国株を十分カバーし、選択は広さ対調査とエコシステムで決まります。\n商品の広さとエコシステム対調査の深さを、同じ軸で比較。\n両社ともNISA・投信・日本/米国株を、積立とクレカ積立でカバー。\nSBIはワンストップの商品の広さとSMBC/Olive/Vポイントのエコシステムで先行。\nマネックスは米国株の調査・スクリーニング・分析ツール、dカード/dポイントで定評。\n課税米国株手数料は同等（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）。\n広さ/エコシステムならSBI、調査の深さならマネックス。\n共通点\nSBIとマネックスは、基本を十分にカバーします。広い投信メニューと100円最低額のNISA、日本・米国株、積立、クレカ積立、そして同等の課税米国株価格（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）です。NISAでインデックス投信を毎月買う初心者には、どちらでも機能し、中核のコストと利便性は近いです。\nどの2社でも、決める前に必要な正確な投信・機能が対応しているか確認します——表面の重なりは、特定の投信や市場が全く同じにカバーされることを保証しません。\nSBIの強み\nSBIの強みは広さとエコシステムです。最も広いワンストップの商品範囲の一つ——多くの外国市場・単元未満株・債券・IPOアクセス・信用——を提供し、SMBC/OliveとVポイントに連携し、SMBCカードでクレカ積立ができます。広い市場を一箇所で望み、SMBC近辺の世界にいるコスト重視の投資家には自然な選択です。\nトレードオフは、画面が密で条件が複雑になり得ることで、より簡潔なプラットフォームに比べ、一部の初心者は圧倒されると感じます。\nマネックスの強み\nマネックスの強みは調査です。米国株の調査・スクリーニング・分析ツールが強いと繰り返し評価され、IPOアクセスもあり、dカード・dポイントと連携します。米国株を分析したい・より深い調査ツールを重視する——そしてdocomo/dエコシステムにいる——投資家には魅力的です。\nよって選択は主に、広さとエコシステム（SBI）対調査の深さとエコシステム（マネックス）です。両社とも強く評判の良い会社で、どの強みとどのポイントエコシステムが実際の投資の仕方に合うかで決めます。","url":"/ja/investing/sbi-vs-monex","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rakuten-vs-monex:ja","entityId":"guide:rakuten-vs-monex","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"楽天証券とマネックス証券","plainText":"楽天はアプリの使いやすさと楽天エコシステム連携、マネックスは米国株の調査とdエコシステム連携で評価されます。両社ともNISA・投信・米国株を同様にカバーするため、エコシステムと、洗練か調査のどちらを重視するかで選びます。\nエコシステムとアプリの使いやすさ対調査の深さを、同じ軸で比較。\n両社ともNISA・投信・米国株を、積立とクレカ積立でカバー。\n楽天：洗練されたアプリ、楽天カード/銀行/ポイント連携。\nマネックス：米国株の調査・分析ツール、dカード/dポイント連携。\n課税米国株手数料は同等（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）。\nエコシステムの相性と、アプリの洗練か調査の深さのどちらを優先するかで選びます。\n共通点\n楽天とマネックスは、広い投信メニューと100円最低額のNISA、日本・米国株、積立、クレカ積立、そして同等の課税米国株価格（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）をカバーします。NISAでの毎月のインデックス投信積立には、どちらも堅実で、日常の体験は近いです。\n広い重なりは特定商品の同一カバーを保証しないため、決める前に必要な正確な投信・市場を確認します。\n楽天の強み\n楽天の強みは、洗練された使いやすいアプリと、楽天エコシステム——楽天カード・楽天銀行・楽天キャッシュ・楽天ポイント——との深い連携です。既に楽天で買い物・銀行をするなら、入金とポイントが滑らかに流れ、アプリは特に投信積立で使いやすさが広く評価されます。\n滑らかで直感的な体験を重視し楽天の世界にいる初心者には、楽天証券が自然な拠点です。\nマネックスの強み\nマネックスの強みは、特に米国株の調査の深さ——スクリーニング・分析ツール・IPOアクセス——で、dカード・dポイントと連携します。米国株を分析する・より豊かな調査を望む、そしてdocomo/dエコシステムにいる投資家には魅力的です。\nよって選択はエコシステムと重点です。アプリの洗練と楽天の世界なら楽天、調査とdの世界ならマネックス。両社とも強く、エコシステムと強みが投資・支出の仕方に合う方を選びます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/rakuten-vs-monex","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:sbi-vs-rakuten","guide:sbi-vs-monex","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokers-for-us-stocks"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/commission/","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex Securities","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/service/fee/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Securities","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/web/nisa/","official":true},{"publisher":"Monex Securities","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/nisa/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"楽天はアプリの使いやすさと楽天エコシステム連携、マネックスは米国株の調査とdエコシステム連携で評価されます。両社ともNISA・投信・米国株を同様にカバーするため、エコシステムと、洗練か調査のどちらを重視するかで選びます。\nエコシステムとアプリの使いやすさ対調査の深さを、同じ軸で比較。\n両社ともNISA・投信・米国株を、積立とクレカ積立でカバー。\n楽天：洗練されたアプリ、楽天カード/銀行/ポイント連携。\nマネックス：米国株の調査・分析ツール、dカード/dポイント連携。\n課税米国株手数料は同等（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）。\nエコシステムの相性と、アプリの洗練か調査の深さのどちらを優先するかで選びます。\n共通点\n楽天とマネックスは、広い投信メニューと100円最低額のNISA、日本・米国株、積立、クレカ積立、そして同等の課税米国株価格（約0.495%・上限22米ドル）をカバーします。NISAでの毎月のインデックス投信積立には、どちらも堅実で、日常の体験は近いです。\n広い重なりは特定商品の同一カバーを保証しないため、決める前に必要な正確な投信・市場を確認します。\n楽天の強み\n楽天の強みは、洗練された使いやすいアプリと、楽天エコシステム——楽天カード・楽天銀行・楽天キャッシュ・楽天ポイント——との深い連携です。既に楽天で買い物・銀行をするなら、入金とポイントが滑らかに流れ、アプリは特に投信積立で使いやすさが広く評価されます。\n滑らかで直感的な体験を重視し楽天の世界にいる初心者には、楽天証券が自然な拠点です。\nマネックスの強み\nマネックスの強みは、特に米国株の調査の深さ——スクリーニング・分析ツール・IPOアクセス——で、dカード・dポイントと連携します。米国株を分析する・より豊かな調査を望む、そしてdocomo/dエコシステムにいる投資家には魅力的です。\nよって選択はエコシステムと重点です。アプリの洗練と楽天の世界なら楽天、調査とdの世界ならマネックス。両社とも強く、エコシステムと強みが投資・支出の仕方に合う方を選びます。","url":"/ja/investing/rakuten-vs-monex","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers:ja","entityId":"guide:ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"IBKR証券と日本のネット証券","plainText":"IBKR証券は確認された一貫した英語と最も広い全世界アクセスで、日本のネット証券（SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井）は簡単で低コストの日本の投信投資とエコシステム連携で優れます。選択は、言語の必要性と、どれだけ全世界的・複雑にしたいかで決まります。\n英語対応と全世界アクセス対、簡単な日本の投信投資を、同じ軸で比較。\nIBKR証券：確認された一貫した英語、最も広い全世界市場、プロ向け画面。\n日本のネット証券：簡単で低コストの投信投資、100円最低額、エコシステム/ポイント。\nIBKRは越境の詳細に慣れた投資家、日本の証券会社は投信積立の人に向きます。\n両社ともNISA対応だが、投信積立の体験は日本の証券会社が滑らか。\n英語/全世界ならIBKR、最も簡単なNISA投信計画なら日本の証券会社。\nIBKR証券の得意分野\nインタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券は2点で際立ちます。確認された一貫した英語（サイト・申込・取引画面・サポート）と、対象の中で最も広い全世界市場アクセス——広範な株式・ETF・オプション・先物・債券・複数通貨を含む——です。対象の国内・外国商品のNISAに対応し、低いプロ向け価格とインターバンク型の通貨執行を持ちます。\nトレードオフは複雑さです。IBKRはプロ向けのプラットフォームで、注文の選択・市場アクセス・越境の税務の詳細は、日本のインデックス投信を毎月1本買いたいだけの人を圧倒し得ます。洗練された画面に慣れた投資家に報います。\n日本の証券会社の得意分野\n日本のネット証券（SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井）は逆に優れます。簡単で低コストの日本の投信投資です。100円の最低額・ワンタップの積立・対象NISA取引0円・クレカ積立・ポイントエコシステムが、毎月の資産形成を容易にします——まさに多くの初心者が必要とするものです。プラットフォームは、プロ向けの全世界取引ではなく投信と国内投資を中心に簡潔です。\n一部の人にとっての主な限界は言語です。開設とサポートは主に日本語で、ブラウザ翻訳は有効な書類を英語にしません。外国市場の広さもIBKRより狭いです。\n選び方\n判断は言語と範囲です。すべての段階で本物の英語が必要、または最も広い全世界アクセスを望みプロ向け画面に慣れているなら、IBKR証券が確認済みの選択です。目的が最も簡単な低コストのNISA投信計画で、（必要に応じて助けを借りて）日本語書類を扱えるなら、日本のネット証券がその作業には滑らかで安いです。\n両方を使う投資家もいます。簡単なNISA投信積立には日本の証券会社、より広い全世界取引にはIBKRです。一つのプラットフォームにすべてをさせるより、作業に手段を合わせます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:brokers-english-support","guide:global-investors-japan","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:us-stocks-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"IBKR証券は確認された一貫した英語と最も広い全世界アクセスで、日本のネット証券（SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井）は簡単で低コストの日本の投信投資とエコシステム連携で優れます。選択は、言語の必要性と、どれだけ全世界的・複雑にしたいかで決まります。\n英語対応と全世界アクセス対、簡単な日本の投信投資を、同じ軸で比較。\nIBKR証券：確認された一貫した英語、最も広い全世界市場、プロ向け画面。\n日本のネット証券：簡単で低コストの投信投資、100円最低額、エコシステム/ポイント。\nIBKRは越境の詳細に慣れた投資家、日本の証券会社は投信積立の人に向きます。\n両社ともNISA対応だが、投信積立の体験は日本の証券会社が滑らか。\n英語/全世界ならIBKR、最も簡単なNISA投信計画なら日本の証券会社。\nIBKR証券の得意分野\nインタラクティブ・ブローカーズ証券は2点で際立ちます。確認された一貫した英語（サイト・申込・取引画面・サポート）と、対象の中で最も広い全世界市場アクセス——広範な株式・ETF・オプション・先物・債券・複数通貨を含む——です。対象の国内・外国商品のNISAに対応し、低いプロ向け価格とインターバンク型の通貨執行を持ちます。\nトレードオフは複雑さです。IBKRはプロ向けのプラットフォームで、注文の選択・市場アクセス・越境の税務の詳細は、日本のインデックス投信を毎月1本買いたいだけの人を圧倒し得ます。洗練された画面に慣れた投資家に報います。\n日本の証券会社の得意分野\n日本のネット証券（SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井）は逆に優れます。簡単で低コストの日本の投信投資です。100円の最低額・ワンタップの積立・対象NISA取引0円・クレカ積立・ポイントエコシステムが、毎月の資産形成を容易にします——まさに多くの初心者が必要とするものです。プラットフォームは、プロ向けの全世界取引ではなく投信と国内投資を中心に簡潔です。\n一部の人にとっての主な限界は言語です。開設とサポートは主に日本語で、ブラウザ翻訳は有効な書類を英語にしません。外国市場の広さもIBKRより狭いです。\n選び方\n判断は言語と範囲です。すべての段階で本物の英語が必要、または最も広い全世界アクセスを望みプロ向け画面に慣れているなら、IBKR証券が確認済みの選択です。目的が最も簡単な低コストのNISA投信計画で、（必要に応じて助けを借りて）日本語書類を扱えるなら、日本のネット証券がその作業には滑らかで安いです。\n両方を使う投資家もいます。簡単なNISA投信積立には日本の証券会社、より広い全世界取引にはIBKRです。一つのプラットフォームにすべてをさせるより、作業に手段を合わせます。","url":"/ja/investing/ibkr-vs-japanese-brokers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:online-vs-major-traditional-brokers:ja","entityId":"guide:online-vs-major-traditional-brokers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ネット証券と野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ","plainText":"ネット証券は、自分で運用するパッシブ投資でコストとアプリの使いやすさに決定的に優れ、大手（野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ）は、はるかに高い手数料で助言・店舗・債券・IPO・資産サービスを加えます。コストならネット、複雑なニーズと対面ならフルサービスです。\n低コストのネット証券と大手フルサービスを、コスト・サービス・商品・向く利用者で比較。\nネット証券：ほぼ0のコスト・強いアプリ、自分で運用するパッシブ投資に最適。\n大手：助言・店舗・債券・IPO・相続・資産サービス。\n店舗・総合コースの手数料は、ネットのほぼ0に対し約1〜1.4%に達し得ます。\n大手は、複雑・富裕層・助言を求める投資家に向きます。\n販売の利益相反に注意し、総コストとベンチマーク比較を求めます。\nコストの差\n最も顕著な違いはコストです。ネット証券は多くの取引でほぼ0の手数料と非常に低い投信費用を提供する一方、大手——野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ——は店舗・総合コースで大幅に高く、国内店舗手数料は最低額付きで約1%〜1.4%超に達し得ます。通常のインデックス投信購入では、投資の生涯にわたりこの差は莫大です。\n自分で運用するパッシブ投資には、これがネット証券を明確な既定にします。ネットでほぼ0で買える同じインデックス投信を、店舗水準の手数料で買うのは、コストだけでは正当化しづらいです。\n大手が加えるもの\n大手はサービスでコストを正当化します。対面助言・店舗、債券とIPO配分への深いアクセス、相続・遺産サービス、富裕層向けの資産運用です。本当に複雑な状況——複雑な債券・相続計画・対面の案内を重視する投資家——には、そのサービスは対価に見合い得ます。\nネット証券が重視しないケースも扱い、店舗は書類やライフイベントを支援できます。価値は助言と複雑さにあり、通常の低コストの投信購入にはありません。\nそれぞれ向く人\n低コストのインデックスポートフォリオを組む多くの自分で運用する投資家には、ネット証券が正しい既定です——安く、便利で、完全に十分です。大手は、特定の複雑なニーズ（債券・IPO・相続・資産運用）や、対面助言と店舗支援に対価を払うほど本当に価値を感じる場合に取っておきます。\n大手を使うなら、販売の利益相反に注意します。アドバイザーの報酬は中立でないため、どの推奨にも総コストとベンチマーク比較の明示を求めます。多くの投資家はネットで自分で運用し、コストを正当化する特定のサービスにのみ大手を使います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/online-vs-major-traditional-brokers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:online-vs-full-service-brokers","guide:advised-investing-japan","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:brokerage-fees-compared"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Nomura Securities","url":"https://www.nomura.co.jp/retail/fee/","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"ネット証券は、自分で運用するパッシブ投資でコストとアプリの使いやすさに決定的に優れ、大手（野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ）は、はるかに高い手数料で助言・店舗・債券・IPO・資産サービスを加えます。コストならネット、複雑なニーズと対面ならフルサービスです。\n低コストのネット証券と大手フルサービスを、コスト・サービス・商品・向く利用者で比較。\nネット証券：ほぼ0のコスト・強いアプリ、自分で運用するパッシブ投資に最適。\n大手：助言・店舗・債券・IPO・相続・資産サービス。\n店舗・総合コースの手数料は、ネットのほぼ0に対し約1〜1.4%に達し得ます。\n大手は、複雑・富裕層・助言を求める投資家に向きます。\n販売の利益相反に注意し、総コストとベンチマーク比較を求めます。\nコストの差\n最も顕著な違いはコストです。ネット証券は多くの取引でほぼ0の手数料と非常に低い投信費用を提供する一方、大手——野村・大和・SMBC日興・みずほ——は店舗・総合コースで大幅に高く、国内店舗手数料は最低額付きで約1%〜1.4%超に達し得ます。通常のインデックス投信購入では、投資の生涯にわたりこの差は莫大です。\n自分で運用するパッシブ投資には、これがネット証券を明確な既定にします。ネットでほぼ0で買える同じインデックス投信を、店舗水準の手数料で買うのは、コストだけでは正当化しづらいです。\n大手が加えるもの\n大手はサービスでコストを正当化します。対面助言・店舗、債券とIPO配分への深いアクセス、相続・遺産サービス、富裕層向けの資産運用です。本当に複雑な状況——複雑な債券・相続計画・対面の案内を重視する投資家——には、そのサービスは対価に見合い得ます。\nネット証券が重視しないケースも扱い、店舗は書類やライフイベントを支援できます。価値は助言と複雑さにあり、通常の低コストの投信購入にはありません。\nそれぞれ向く人\n低コストのインデックスポートフォリオを組む多くの自分で運用する投資家には、ネット証券が正しい既定です——安く、便利で、完全に十分です。大手は、特定の複雑なニーズ（債券・IPO・相続・資産運用）や、対面助言と店舗支援に対価を払うほど本当に価値を感じる場合に取っておきます。\n大手を使うなら、販売の利益相反に注意します。アドバイザーの報酬は中立でないため、どの推奨にも総コストとベンチマーク比較の明示を求めます。多くの投資家はネットで自分で運用し、コストを正当化する特定のサービスにのみ大手を使います。","url":"/ja/investing/online-vs-major-traditional-brokers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-open-account:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-open-account","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISA口座の開き方","plainText":"NISA開設は、1社を選び、本人確認・マイナンバー・税務上の居住地の申告を提出し、他に有効なNISAがないことを税務署が確認するのを待ってから買付します。却下の多くは氏名不一致やNISA重複から生じます。\n証券会社の選択、書類とマイナンバー、税務署確認、処理段階、却下の対処。\nNISAは1社で開設。新規買付は年1社のみです。\n本人確認・マイナンバー・住所・日本/外国の税務上の居住地を申告します。\n証券会社が、他に有効なNISAがないことを税務署と照合します。\n確認前の仮取引を認める会社もあり、重複時の扱いは異なります。\nよくある却下：氏名不一致・書類の有効期間の短さ・NISA重複。\n証券会社の選択\nNISAは証券会社にあるため、最初の一歩は選ぶことです——新規のNISA買付ができるのはその年1社のみのため、長期で選びます。対象投信メニュー・NISA取引手数料・積立設定・必要なら外国株対応・エコシステムの相性を比べます。自分で運用する居住者には、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井が定番の候補です。\n一時的なポイントキャンペーンで選ばないこと。年単位で機関を変えられますが、既存保有は旧社に残るため乗り換えは滑らかではありません。喜んで使い続けられる会社を選びます。\n書類と確認\n本人確認書類（マイナンバーカード・在留カード・運転免許証・パスポートの認められた組み合わせ）、マイナンバー、日本の住所、日本と外国の税務上の居住地の申告を準備します。本人名義の日本の銀行口座も連携します。金融機関は税務署とNISA情報を照合し、同じ年に既に有効なNISA関係がないことを確認します。\n確認前の仮取引を認める会社もありますが、重複が見つかった場合のタイミングと扱いは異なります。処理時間は、書類と税務署の確認により、即日の仮アクセスから数週間まで幅があります。\n対処\n開設の問題の多くは少数の原因から生じます。在留カード・銀行記録・申込書の間の氏名不一致、書類の有効期間の短さ、他機関でのNISA重複、本人確認の失敗です。他社でNISAがあるなら、新規開設の前に通常、移管・廃止書類が必要です。新規買付ができるのは年1社のみだからです。\n具体的な原因を直して再申込します。氏名をどこでも一致させ、期限の近いカードを更新し、NISA重複を解消します。未確認リンクから本人確認書類を送らず、会社の公式チャネルのみを使います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-open-account","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-choose-broker","guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:brokers-for-nisa"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"NISA開設は、1社を選び、本人確認・マイナンバー・税務上の居住地の申告を提出し、他に有効なNISAがないことを税務署が確認するのを待ってから買付します。却下の多くは氏名不一致やNISA重複から生じます。\n証券会社の選択、書類とマイナンバー、税務署確認、処理段階、却下の対処。\nNISAは1社で開設。新規買付は年1社のみです。\n本人確認・マイナンバー・住所・日本/外国の税務上の居住地を申告します。\n証券会社が、他に有効なNISAがないことを税務署と照合します。\n確認前の仮取引を認める会社もあり、重複時の扱いは異なります。\nよくある却下：氏名不一致・書類の有効期間の短さ・NISA重複。\n証券会社の選択\nNISAは証券会社にあるため、最初の一歩は選ぶことです——新規のNISA買付ができるのはその年1社のみのため、長期で選びます。対象投信メニュー・NISA取引手数料・積立設定・必要なら外国株対応・エコシステムの相性を比べます。自分で運用する居住者には、SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井が定番の候補です。\n一時的なポイントキャンペーンで選ばないこと。年単位で機関を変えられますが、既存保有は旧社に残るため乗り換えは滑らかではありません。喜んで使い続けられる会社を選びます。\n書類と確認\n本人確認書類（マイナンバーカード・在留カード・運転免許証・パスポートの認められた組み合わせ）、マイナンバー、日本の住所、日本と外国の税務上の居住地の申告を準備します。本人名義の日本の銀行口座も連携します。金融機関は税務署とNISA情報を照合し、同じ年に既に有効なNISA関係がないことを確認します。\n確認前の仮取引を認める会社もありますが、重複が見つかった場合のタイミングと扱いは異なります。処理時間は、書類と税務署の確認により、即日の仮アクセスから数週間まで幅があります。\n対処\n開設の問題の多くは少数の原因から生じます。在留カード・銀行記録・申込書の間の氏名不一致、書類の有効期間の短さ、他機関でのNISA重複、本人確認の失敗です。他社でNISAがあるなら、新規開設の前に通常、移管・廃止書類が必要です。新規買付ができるのは年1社のみだからです。\n具体的な原因を直して再申込します。氏名をどこでも一致させ、期限の近いカードを更新し、NISA重複を解消します。未確認リンクから本人確認書類を送らず、会社の公式チャネルのみを使います。","url":"/ja/investing/nisa-open-account","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-choose-broker:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-choose-broker","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISA金融機関の選び方","plainText":"NISA金融機関は、対象投信のラインナップ・外国株対応・NISA手数料とFX・積立とクレカ積立・言語・外国人受入・出国方針で選びます。長期に使い続けるため、一時的なポイント率では選びません。\n商品の取扱、投信・外国株対応、手数料とFX、積立、クレカ積立、言語、出国方針。\nまず対象投信のラインナップと、意図する投信が望む枠で提供されるかを確認。\n必要なら、NISAでの外国株対応を確認——会社ごとです。\nNISA手数料・FX・積立設定・カード/ポイント連携を比べます。\n外国人居住者は、受入・言語対応・出国方針を確認します。\n長期で選びます——乗り換えても旧保有は旧社に残ります。\nまず商品の取扱\n最も重要な基準は、意図する商品を、意図する枠で会社が扱うかです。対象の投信がFSAリストにあり、つみたてか成長投資枠で会社が提供し、積立に対応しているか確認します。成長投資枠で個別の日本株・REIT・外国株を望むなら、その具体的な対応を確認します——NISAでの外国株対応は会社ごとで自動ではありません。\n膨大なメニューは、選んだ低コスト投信を含む場合にのみ有用です。他を検討する前に、具体的な商品を確認します。\nコスト・FX・連携\n次にコストと利便性を比べます。NISA取引手数料（大手では対象の国内・米国商品は通常0円）、外国証券を買うならFX条件、積立設定、重視するならクレカ/ポイント連携です。NISA内でも外国配当は源泉地国の課税を伴い、FXスプレッドは繰り返し生じるため、全世界投資家にはFX条件が重要です。\nポイントのキャンペーン率は低めに評価します——変わりやすくカード年会費で相殺され得ます。利便性とエコシステム連携は正当な決め手ですが、商品の取扱とコストの後です。\n外国人居住者と出国\n外国人居住者なら、3点を加えます。会社が国籍・在留資格を受け入れるか、必要な段階（開設・税書類・トラブル）で英語対応があるか、出国し得るなら非居住者/出国方針は。これらは税法と異なり得て、重要になるまで見落としがちです。\nNISAの会社は長期に使い続けるため——乗り換えると既存保有は旧社に残る——継続性も考慮します。最良のNISA会社は、自分の投信を扱い、状況を受け入れ、予算に合い、何年も使う姿を描ける会社です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-choose-broker","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-open-account","guide:brokers-for-nisa","guide:nisa-change-broker","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"NISA金融機関は、対象投信のラインナップ・外国株対応・NISA手数料とFX・積立とクレカ積立・言語・外国人受入・出国方針で選びます。長期に使い続けるため、一時的なポイント率では選びません。\n商品の取扱、投信・外国株対応、手数料とFX、積立、クレカ積立、言語、出国方針。\nまず対象投信のラインナップと、意図する投信が望む枠で提供されるかを確認。\n必要なら、NISAでの外国株対応を確認——会社ごとです。\nNISA手数料・FX・積立設定・カード/ポイント連携を比べます。\n外国人居住者は、受入・言語対応・出国方針を確認します。\n長期で選びます——乗り換えても旧保有は旧社に残ります。\nまず商品の取扱\n最も重要な基準は、意図する商品を、意図する枠で会社が扱うかです。対象の投信がFSAリストにあり、つみたてか成長投資枠で会社が提供し、積立に対応しているか確認します。成長投資枠で個別の日本株・REIT・外国株を望むなら、その具体的な対応を確認します——NISAでの外国株対応は会社ごとで自動ではありません。\n膨大なメニューは、選んだ低コスト投信を含む場合にのみ有用です。他を検討する前に、具体的な商品を確認します。\nコスト・FX・連携\n次にコストと利便性を比べます。NISA取引手数料（大手では対象の国内・米国商品は通常0円）、外国証券を買うならFX条件、積立設定、重視するならクレカ/ポイント連携です。NISA内でも外国配当は源泉地国の課税を伴い、FXスプレッドは繰り返し生じるため、全世界投資家にはFX条件が重要です。\nポイントのキャンペーン率は低めに評価します——変わりやすくカード年会費で相殺され得ます。利便性とエコシステム連携は正当な決め手ですが、商品の取扱とコストの後です。\n外国人居住者と出国\n外国人居住者なら、3点を加えます。会社が国籍・在留資格を受け入れるか、必要な段階（開設・税書類・トラブル）で英語対応があるか、出国し得るなら非居住者/出国方針は。これらは税法と異なり得て、重要になるまで見落としがちです。\nNISAの会社は長期に使い続けるため——乗り換えると既存保有は旧社に残る——継続性も考慮します。最良のNISA会社は、自分の投信を扱い、状況を受け入れ、予算に合い、何年も使う姿を描ける会社です。","url":"/ja/investing/nisa-choose-broker","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-change-broker:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-change-broker","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISA金融機関の変更","plainText":"原則としてNISA金融機関は年単位で変えられますが、新規買付ができるのは年1社のみで、既存保有はそのNISA関係のまま旧社に残り、変更・廃止書類を期限までに提出する必要があります——年末の十分前に始めます。\n年1社の原則、期限と書類、既存保有、NISA資産が移管されない理由、移行チェックリスト。\n新規NISA買付は年1社のみ。変更は原則年単位で適用されます。\nその年に既に買付したかが、変更の適用時期に影響します。\n既存のNISA保有は旧社に残ります——新NISAへは移管されません。\n旧保有を売ると翌年に生涯枠が復活し、新機関でのみ使えます。\n変更・廃止書類を期限までに提出。年末の十分前に始めます。\n年1社の原則\nある年について、新規のNISA買付ができるのは1社のみですが、原則として年単位で機関を変えられます。重要な点として、その年に既にNISAで買付したかが、変更の適用時期に影響します——既に買っていれば、変更は翌年からのことが多いです。期限と書式は会社ごとです。\nよってNISA金融機関の変更は可能ですが、暦年のタイミングと事前買付の規則に従います。年の途中で即座に切り替えられると考えず、それに沿って計画します。\n既存保有は移らない\n避けるべき最も重要な誤解：既存のNISA保有は通常、そのNISA関係のまま旧機関に残ります——新機関のNISAへは移管されません。会社を変えても、新規買付の場所が変わるだけで、旧資産の場所は変わりません。よって変更後は、2社にNISA資産を持ち、両方の記録を保つことがあります。\n集約したいなら、旧保有を売ると翌年から取得価額が生涯枠に復活しますが、その復活枠はその年の新規買付を認められた機関でのみ使え——売却は市場とタイミングの影響を伴います。「移管」のためだけに売らないでください。\n移行チェックリスト\n変更は慎重に計画します。期限と書類（変更、該当すれば廃止の通知）に時間がかかるため、年末の十分前に始めます。旧社の積立注文を止めて記録します。両機関に最新の手順と必要書式を確認します。確認書を保管し、新NISA口座が有効になってから新規注文を出します。\n税と市場への影響を確認せず、移すためだけに保有を売らないこと。そして新規買付は同じ年に機関をまたいで重複できない点を思い出します。少しの計画が、投資の空白や偶発的な重複を防ぎます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-change-broker","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-choose-broker","guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:nisa-selling-and-reuse","guide:investment-records-and-statements"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"原則としてNISA金融機関は年単位で変えられますが、新規買付ができるのは年1社のみで、既存保有はそのNISA関係のまま旧社に残り、変更・廃止書類を期限までに提出する必要があります——年末の十分前に始めます。\n年1社の原則、期限と書類、既存保有、NISA資産が移管されない理由、移行チェックリスト。\n新規NISA買付は年1社のみ。変更は原則年単位で適用されます。\nその年に既に買付したかが、変更の適用時期に影響します。\n既存のNISA保有は旧社に残ります——新NISAへは移管されません。\n旧保有を売ると翌年に生涯枠が復活し、新機関でのみ使えます。\n変更・廃止書類を期限までに提出。年末の十分前に始めます。\n年1社の原則\nある年について、新規のNISA買付ができるのは1社のみですが、原則として年単位で機関を変えられます。重要な点として、その年に既にNISAで買付したかが、変更の適用時期に影響します——既に買っていれば、変更は翌年からのことが多いです。期限と書式は会社ごとです。\nよってNISA金融機関の変更は可能ですが、暦年のタイミングと事前買付の規則に従います。年の途中で即座に切り替えられると考えず、それに沿って計画します。\n既存保有は移らない\n避けるべき最も重要な誤解：既存のNISA保有は通常、そのNISA関係のまま旧機関に残ります——新機関のNISAへは移管されません。会社を変えても、新規買付の場所が変わるだけで、旧資産の場所は変わりません。よって変更後は、2社にNISA資産を持ち、両方の記録を保つことがあります。\n集約したいなら、旧保有を売ると翌年から取得価額が生涯枠に復活しますが、その復活枠はその年の新規買付を認められた機関でのみ使え——売却は市場とタイミングの影響を伴います。「移管」のためだけに売らないでください。\n移行チェックリスト\n変更は慎重に計画します。期限と書類（変更、該当すれば廃止の通知）に時間がかかるため、年末の十分前に始めます。旧社の積立注文を止めて記録します。両機関に最新の手順と必要書式を確認します。確認書を保管し、新NISA口座が有効になってから新規注文を出します。\n税と市場への影響を確認せず、移すためだけに保有を売らないこと。そして新規買付は同じ年に機関をまたいで重複できない点を思い出します。少しの計画が、投資の空白や偶発的な重複を防ぎます。","url":"/ja/investing/nisa-change-broker","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:recurring-investment-allowance:ja","entityId":"guide:recurring-investment-allowance","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAのつみたて投資枠","plainText":"つみたて投資枠は、FSAが選定した長期・分散型の投信と対象ETFに年120万円まで投資でき、自動の毎月積立に最適です。対象はFSAリストと証券会社で正確なファンド名により確認します。\n対象商品の制限、毎月・ボーナス月の投資、向く投資家、120万円の上限、対象確認。\n年120万円まで、FSA掲載の長期・分散型投信と対象ETFに限定。\n自動の積立向けに設計——均等なら月10万円。\nボーナス月設定で、年間上限内で拠出を不均等に配分できます。\nこの枠では個別株は対象外です（成長投資枠を使います）。\n対象はFSAリストと証券会社で、正確なファンド名・区分により確認します。\n対象商品\nつみたて投資枠は、低コスト・長期・分散の投資を促すため、あえて選択肢を絞ります。対象は、FSAが選定して公表したリストにある投信と対象ETFのみ——概ね、費用が妥当で広く分散され長期の構造を持つ投信です。個別株・REIT・多くの非上場商品はここでは対象外で、成長投資枠に入ります。\nリストは適合性の観点で選ばれているため、初心者はその中から広範な全世界株式インデックス投信を1本選べます。ただしリストは変わるため、正確なファンド名・区分で最新版を確認します。\n毎月・ボーナス月の投資\n年120万円の上限は、均等に配分すると月10万円になり、自動の毎月積立に向きます——積立を設定して走らせます。多くの会社はボーナス月設定も提供し、年120万円の上限内で、特定の月（例：賞与時）に多く投資できます。\nこの枠は標準の初心者の計画に最適です。低コストの分散された投信1本を毎月自動で買います。毎月の判断をなくし、長期投資を機能させる習慣を作ります。\n向く投資家と確認\nこの枠は、長期で資産形成するほぼ全員、特に初心者と少額の毎月投資家に向きます。選定された低コストで分散された対象範囲が、悪い最初の選択を難しくするためです。個別株やより広い投信範囲を望むなら、併せて成長投資枠を使います——両枠は年360万円まで併用できます。\n購入前に、正確なファンド名・区分をFSAの最新リストと照合して対象を確認し、会社が積立で提供するか確認します。米国納税者は別途PFICの段階を加えます——日本での対象可否は米国税の扱いを何も語りません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/recurring-investment-allowance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:growth-investment-allowance","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:nisa-complete-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"つみたて投資枠は、FSAが選定した長期・分散型の投信と対象ETFに年120万円まで投資でき、自動の毎月積立に最適です。対象はFSAリストと証券会社で正確なファンド名により確認します。\n対象商品の制限、毎月・ボーナス月の投資、向く投資家、120万円の上限、対象確認。\n年120万円まで、FSA掲載の長期・分散型投信と対象ETFに限定。\n自動の積立向けに設計——均等なら月10万円。\nボーナス月設定で、年間上限内で拠出を不均等に配分できます。\nこの枠では個別株は対象外です（成長投資枠を使います）。\n対象はFSAリストと証券会社で、正確なファンド名・区分により確認します。\n対象商品\nつみたて投資枠は、低コスト・長期・分散の投資を促すため、あえて選択肢を絞ります。対象は、FSAが選定して公表したリストにある投信と対象ETFのみ——概ね、費用が妥当で広く分散され長期の構造を持つ投信です。個別株・REIT・多くの非上場商品はここでは対象外で、成長投資枠に入ります。\nリストは適合性の観点で選ばれているため、初心者はその中から広範な全世界株式インデックス投信を1本選べます。ただしリストは変わるため、正確なファンド名・区分で最新版を確認します。\n毎月・ボーナス月の投資\n年120万円の上限は、均等に配分すると月10万円になり、自動の毎月積立に向きます——積立を設定して走らせます。多くの会社はボーナス月設定も提供し、年120万円の上限内で、特定の月（例：賞与時）に多く投資できます。\nこの枠は標準の初心者の計画に最適です。低コストの分散された投信1本を毎月自動で買います。毎月の判断をなくし、長期投資を機能させる習慣を作ります。\n向く投資家と確認\nこの枠は、長期で資産形成するほぼ全員、特に初心者と少額の毎月投資家に向きます。選定された低コストで分散された対象範囲が、悪い最初の選択を難しくするためです。個別株やより広い投信範囲を望むなら、併せて成長投資枠を使います——両枠は年360万円まで併用できます。\n購入前に、正確なファンド名・区分をFSAの最新リストと照合して対象を確認し、会社が積立で提供するか確認します。米国納税者は別途PFICの段階を加えます——日本での対象可否は米国税の扱いを何も語りません。","url":"/ja/investing/recurring-investment-allowance","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:growth-investment-allowance:ja","entityId":"guide:growth-investment-allowance","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAの成長投資枠","plainText":"成長投資枠は、対象の上場株式・REIT・ETF・投信に年240万円まで（生涯枠1,200万円の範囲内）投資できますが、監理・整理銘柄、信託20年未満、毎月分配型、デリバティブ多用型は除きます。外国株対応は会社ごとです。\n対象の株式・ETF・REIT・投信、対象外の証券、年240万円・生涯1,200万円の枠、外国株対応。\n年240万円まで、生涯枠1,200万円の範囲内（1,800万円の一部）。\n対象：個別の上場株式・REIT・ETF・より広い投信。\n除外：監理・整理銘柄、信託20年未満、毎月分配型、デリバティブ多用型。\nNISAでの外国株対応は会社ごとで自動ではありません。\nつみたて枠と併用でき、合計年360万円まで。\n買えるもの\n成長投資枠は、NISAの2つの枠のうち広い方です。対象の個別上場株式・REIT・ETF・つみたて枠より広い投信を買えます——特定の日本株・J-REIT・つみたてリスト外の投信を買うのはここです。つみたて枠と併用でき、合計年360万円です。\n年間上限は240万円で、生涯枠1,200万円の範囲内にあります——生涯の取得価額枠1,800万円のうち、成長投資枠の保有は1,200万円までです。残りの生涯枠は、どちらの枠でも埋められます。\n除外されるもの\nNISAを長期投資に沿わせるため、いくつかが除外されます。成長投資枠は、監理・整理銘柄、信託期間20年未満の投信、毎月分配型、一部のデリバティブ多用型を含みません。両枠を通じて、普通預金・国債・社債・信用取引はNISAの完全に外です。\nよって成長投資枠は広いが無制限ではありません。高回転や収益最大化の商品ではなく、主流の長期投資を対象とします。思い込まず、特定の証券の対象可否を確認します。\n個別株と投信、外国対応\n成長投資枠では、投信と個別証券のどちらも選べます。多くの投資家は分散された低コスト投信を核に保ち、個別株は意図的で限定的な部分としてのみ使います。1社が恒久的損失を被り得るためです。配当のある株式・ETF・REITを買うなら、NISAで配当を非課税に保つため株式数比例配分方式を選びます。\n外国株・ETFは、会社が対応し銘柄が対象なら成長投資枠で保有できます——ただし会社ごとで、上場しているだけで自動的に対象になるわけではありません。外国配当は源泉地国の課税を伴い、米国納税者はPFICの扱いを別途分析する必要があります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/growth-investment-allowance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:recurring-investment-allowance","guide:nisa-limits-and-allowances","guide:nisa-eligible-investments","guide:investing-in-japanese-stocks"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"成長投資枠は、対象の上場株式・REIT・ETF・投信に年240万円まで（生涯枠1,200万円の範囲内）投資できますが、監理・整理銘柄、信託20年未満、毎月分配型、デリバティブ多用型は除きます。外国株対応は会社ごとです。\n対象の株式・ETF・REIT・投信、対象外の証券、年240万円・生涯1,200万円の枠、外国株対応。\n年240万円まで、生涯枠1,200万円の範囲内（1,800万円の一部）。\n対象：個別の上場株式・REIT・ETF・より広い投信。\n除外：監理・整理銘柄、信託20年未満、毎月分配型、デリバティブ多用型。\nNISAでの外国株対応は会社ごとで自動ではありません。\nつみたて枠と併用でき、合計年360万円まで。\n買えるもの\n成長投資枠は、NISAの2つの枠のうち広い方です。対象の個別上場株式・REIT・ETF・つみたて枠より広い投信を買えます——特定の日本株・J-REIT・つみたてリスト外の投信を買うのはここです。つみたて枠と併用でき、合計年360万円です。\n年間上限は240万円で、生涯枠1,200万円の範囲内にあります——生涯の取得価額枠1,800万円のうち、成長投資枠の保有は1,200万円までです。残りの生涯枠は、どちらの枠でも埋められます。\n除外されるもの\nNISAを長期投資に沿わせるため、いくつかが除外されます。成長投資枠は、監理・整理銘柄、信託期間20年未満の投信、毎月分配型、一部のデリバティブ多用型を含みません。両枠を通じて、普通預金・国債・社債・信用取引はNISAの完全に外です。\nよって成長投資枠は広いが無制限ではありません。高回転や収益最大化の商品ではなく、主流の長期投資を対象とします。思い込まず、特定の証券の対象可否を確認します。\n個別株と投信、外国対応\n成長投資枠では、投信と個別証券のどちらも選べます。多くの投資家は分散された低コスト投信を核に保ち、個別株は意図的で限定的な部分としてのみ使います。1社が恒久的損失を被り得るためです。配当のある株式・ETF・REITを買うなら、NISAで配当を非課税に保つため株式数比例配分方式を選びます。\n外国株・ETFは、会社が対応し銘柄が対象なら成長投資枠で保有できます——ただし会社ごとで、上場しているだけで自動的に対象になるわけではありません。外国配当は源泉地国の課税を伴い、米国納税者はPFICの扱いを別途分析する必要があります。","url":"/ja/investing/growth-investment-allowance","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-for-foreign-residents:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-for-foreign-residents","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者のためのNISA","plainText":"要件を満たす外国人居住者はNISAを開けます——資格は国籍ではなく在留基準です——在留カードとマイナンバーが必要で、外国籍に郵送開設を求める・国籍制限を課す会社もあり、NISAは出国後は原則継続できません。\n在留基準の資格、在留カードとマイナンバー、国籍制限、オンラインと郵送の開設、言語、出国。\nNISAの資格は在留基準：要件を満たす日本居住者は国籍を問わず開けます。\n在留カードとマイナンバーが必要で、一致する名義の日本の銀行口座も必要です。\n国籍制限を課す・オンラインでなく郵送開設を求める会社もあります。\n言語対応は様々。SBI・マネックス・楽天・松井が外国人向け手続を公表。\nNISAは非居住者になると原則継続できません——出国前に計画します。\n在留基準の資格\nNISAの資格は、日本国籍ではなく日本居住者であることで決まります。要件を満たす在日外国籍の人は、各社の本人確認・在留資格・在留カード・税務上の居住地・制裁・商品方針に従い、NISAを開けます。二重国籍だけでは失格になりませんが、別の国がNISA所得に課税・報告を求めることはあります。\n在留カード・マイナンバー・日本の住所・税務上の居住地の申告・本人名義の日本の銀行口座が必要です。SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井が在留カード書類を受け付ける手続を公表しています。\n制限と開設経路\n各社の方針は税法より厳しいことがあります。在留カード書類で完全オンライン開設できる会社もあれば、外国籍に郵送手続を要し遅い会社もあります。特定の国籍・制裁対象国との関係・重要な公的地位は強化審査や却下を招き得て、米国関係者はFATCA申告と商品制限に直面します。これらの一覧が完全に公表されることはまれのため、自分の具体的なケースを確認します。\n氏名の一致が最も多い実務上の障壁です。在留カード・銀行口座・申込書で氏名を一致させます。不一致は、却下や銀行連携失敗の最大の原因です。\n言語と出国\n必要な各段階——開設・取引・税書類・トラブル——で英語対応を、宣伝ページだけでなく確認します。外国人居住者向けの多くの会社は主に日本語で開設し、ブラウザ翻訳は有効な書類を英語にしません。すべての段階で本物の英語が必須ならIBKR証券が確認済みの選択肢です。\n重要な点として、NISAは居住者向けの制度です。事前申告した適格な一時出国の継続を除き、非居住者になると原則継続できません。出国し得るなら、大きなNISA残高を作る前に各社の出国手続を書面で入手し、日本での資格が母国の報告義務の代わりにならない点を思い出します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-for-foreign-residents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-as-foreign-resident","guide:nisa-for-dual-citizens","guide:opening-a-brokerage-account-foreigner","guide:moving-abroad-with-investments"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"要件を満たす外国人居住者はNISAを開けます——資格は国籍ではなく在留基準です——在留カードとマイナンバーが必要で、外国籍に郵送開設を求める・国籍制限を課す会社もあり、NISAは出国後は原則継続できません。\n在留基準の資格、在留カードとマイナンバー、国籍制限、オンラインと郵送の開設、言語、出国。\nNISAの資格は在留基準：要件を満たす日本居住者は国籍を問わず開けます。\n在留カードとマイナンバーが必要で、一致する名義の日本の銀行口座も必要です。\n国籍制限を課す・オンラインでなく郵送開設を求める会社もあります。\n言語対応は様々。SBI・マネックス・楽天・松井が外国人向け手続を公表。\nNISAは非居住者になると原則継続できません——出国前に計画します。\n在留基準の資格\nNISAの資格は、日本国籍ではなく日本居住者であることで決まります。要件を満たす在日外国籍の人は、各社の本人確認・在留資格・在留カード・税務上の居住地・制裁・商品方針に従い、NISAを開けます。二重国籍だけでは失格になりませんが、別の国がNISA所得に課税・報告を求めることはあります。\n在留カード・マイナンバー・日本の住所・税務上の居住地の申告・本人名義の日本の銀行口座が必要です。SBI・楽天・マネックス・松井が在留カード書類を受け付ける手続を公表しています。\n制限と開設経路\n各社の方針は税法より厳しいことがあります。在留カード書類で完全オンライン開設できる会社もあれば、外国籍に郵送手続を要し遅い会社もあります。特定の国籍・制裁対象国との関係・重要な公的地位は強化審査や却下を招き得て、米国関係者はFATCA申告と商品制限に直面します。これらの一覧が完全に公表されることはまれのため、自分の具体的なケースを確認します。\n氏名の一致が最も多い実務上の障壁です。在留カード・銀行口座・申込書で氏名を一致させます。不一致は、却下や銀行連携失敗の最大の原因です。\n言語と出国\n必要な各段階——開設・取引・税書類・トラブル——で英語対応を、宣伝ページだけでなく確認します。外国人居住者向けの多くの会社は主に日本語で開設し、ブラウザ翻訳は有効な書類を英語にしません。すべての段階で本物の英語が必須ならIBKR証券が確認済みの選択肢です。\n重要な点として、NISAは居住者向けの制度です。事前申告した適格な一時出国の継続を除き、非居住者になると原則継続できません。出国し得るなら、大きなNISA残高を作る前に各社の出国手続を書面で入手し、日本での資格が母国の報告義務の代わりにならない点を思い出します。","url":"/ja/investing/nisa-for-foreign-residents","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nisa-for-dual-citizens:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-for-dual-citizens","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"二重国籍者のためのNISA","plainText":"二重国籍だけでは、日本居住者のNISA資格を失いません。ただし別の国——特に米国——がNISA所得に課税・報告を求めることがあり、会社が国籍や米国人の地位で商品アクセスを制限することがあります。\n日本のNISA資格、他国の課税、税務上の居住地の申告、FATCA型の報告、国籍が商品アクセスに影響する理由。\n二重国籍だけでは、要件を満たす日本居住者のNISA資格を失いません。\n別の国がNISA所得に課税・口座報告を求めることがあります。\n米国籍・税務上の居住が最も重大：全世界課税＋PFIC/FBAR/8938。\n税務上の居住地を申告し、FATCA型の報告が適用され得ます。\n会社が国籍や米国人の地位で商品アクセスを制限することがあります。\n日本の資格\nNISAで重要なのは、保有する旅券の数ではなく日本居住です。要件を満たす日本居住者の二重国籍者は、会社の本人確認・税務上の居住地・制裁・商品方針に従い、他の人と同じ在留基準でNISAを開けます。第二の国籍の保有は、それ自体では日本のNISA資格を失わせません。\n複雑さは日本の規則からではなく、居住地や投資先に関わらず適用され続ける「別の国の規則」から生じます。\n他国の課税と報告\nもう一つの国籍・税務上の居住地の国が、NISA所得に課税したり口座の報告を求めたりすることがあります。最も重大な例は米国で、通常、市民・居住外国人に全世界所得課税します。NISAの日本の非課税は米国の非課税を与えず、日本の投信はPFIC問題とForm 8621の義務を生み得て、NISAを含む日本の口座はFBARやForm 8938の報告対象になり得ます。\n米国以外でも、全世界所得課税・外国資産報告・富裕税を持つ国があります。よって二重国籍者は、NISAが自分にとって非課税と決めつける前に、日本の扱いと他国の扱いの両方を確認する必要があります。\n商品アクセスと専門相談の目安\n国籍は、会社レベルで商品アクセスに影響し得ます。税務上の居住地を申告し、FATCA型の報告が適用され得て、会社が国籍や米国人の地位で特定商品を制限することがあります——例えば米国人の外国株取引を禁じる会社もあります。これらは、在留基準のNISA規則の上に重なる商業・規制の方針です。\n専門相談の実務的な目安は、国籍課税・全世界所得課税・外国資産報告を持つ第二の国、とりわけ米国籍やグリーンカードの地位です。その状況の二重国籍者は、NISA商品を選ぶ前に越境助言を受けるべきです。適切な保有は両方の税制に依存するためです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-for-dual-citizens","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-us-citizen","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-for-us-citizens","guide:nisa-for-foreign-residents","guide:us-taxpayers-investing-japan","guide:pfic-japanese-funds"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-8621","official":true},{"publisher":"米国金融犯罪取締ネットワーク（FinCEN）","url":"https://www.fincen.gov/report-foreign-bank-and-financial-accounts","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"二重国籍だけでは、日本居住者のNISA資格を失いません。ただし別の国——特に米国——がNISA所得に課税・報告を求めることがあり、会社が国籍や米国人の地位で商品アクセスを制限することがあります。\n日本のNISA資格、他国の課税、税務上の居住地の申告、FATCA型の報告、国籍が商品アクセスに影響する理由。\n二重国籍だけでは、要件を満たす日本居住者のNISA資格を失いません。\n別の国がNISA所得に課税・口座報告を求めることがあります。\n米国籍・税務上の居住が最も重大：全世界課税＋PFIC/FBAR/8938。\n税務上の居住地を申告し、FATCA型の報告が適用され得ます。\n会社が国籍や米国人の地位で商品アクセスを制限することがあります。\n日本の資格\nNISAで重要なのは、保有する旅券の数ではなく日本居住です。要件を満たす日本居住者の二重国籍者は、会社の本人確認・税務上の居住地・制裁・商品方針に従い、他の人と同じ在留基準でNISAを開けます。第二の国籍の保有は、それ自体では日本のNISA資格を失わせません。\n複雑さは日本の規則からではなく、居住地や投資先に関わらず適用され続ける「別の国の規則」から生じます。\n他国の課税と報告\nもう一つの国籍・税務上の居住地の国が、NISA所得に課税したり口座の報告を求めたりすることがあります。最も重大な例は米国で、通常、市民・居住外国人に全世界所得課税します。NISAの日本の非課税は米国の非課税を与えず、日本の投信はPFIC問題とForm 8621の義務を生み得て、NISAを含む日本の口座はFBARやForm 8938の報告対象になり得ます。\n米国以外でも、全世界所得課税・外国資産報告・富裕税を持つ国があります。よって二重国籍者は、NISAが自分にとって非課税と決めつける前に、日本の扱いと他国の扱いの両方を確認する必要があります。\n商品アクセスと専門相談の目安\n国籍は、会社レベルで商品アクセスに影響し得ます。税務上の居住地を申告し、FATCA型の報告が適用され得て、会社が国籍や米国人の地位で特定商品を制限することがあります——例えば米国人の外国株取引を禁じる会社もあります。これらは、在留基準のNISA規則の上に重なる商業・規制の方針です。\n専門相談の実務的な目安は、国籍課税・全世界所得課税・外国資産報告を持つ第二の国、とりわけ米国籍やグリーンカードの地位です。その状況の二重国籍者は、NISA商品を選ぶ前に越境助言を受けるべきです。適切な保有は両方の税制に依存するためです。","url":"/ja/investing/nisa-for-dual-citizens","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-in-japan-complete-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:investing-in-japan-complete-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本での投資：初心者完全ガイド","plainText":"多くの日本居住者の妥当な道は、現金を確保し高金利の借金を返し、低コストの証券会社でNISAを開き、分散された低コストのインデックス投信1本を自動化し、核と税務が整ってから、iDeCo・個別株・外国商品を加えることです。\n投資の理由、貯蓄と投資、日本の制度（NISA・iDeCo・課税）、証券会社と商品、初心者の手順。\n投資は財務の土台の後：流動性のある資金と高金利借金の返済が先です。\nNISAは非課税の入れ物（年360万円・生涯1,800万円）、iDeCoは控除を加えるが固定します。\n証券会社を通じて投資し、初心者の多くは広い低コストのインデックス投信1本を使います。\n全世界株式1本で、手間をかけず多くの国に分散できます。\n米国納税者と出国予定者は、追加で専門家の注意が必要です。\nなぜ投資し、どの順序で\n貯蓄は額面の円を保ち流動性を与え、投資は確実性を成長の可能性と交換します。代わりに価値は変動し元本保証はありません。現金は緊急時と近い支出に適しますが、長期では購買力がインフレで削られ得て、これが数年使わない資金を投資する主な理由です。\n多くの居住者に妥当な手順：(1) 予見できる支出に足る流動性のある現金を保つ、(2) 高金利の借金を返す、(3) 会社のマッチングや特に良い企業年金を取り込む、(4) 低コストの証券会社とNISAを開く、(5) 分散された投信1本の続けられる毎月の買付を自動化、(6) 控除・固定・受取課税を理解したうえでiDeCoを検討、(7) 核と税務が整ってから個別株や外国商品を加える。\n日本の投資制度\n証券会社を通じ、いくつかの口座タイプの中で投資します。NISAは非課税の入れ物で、2024年から年つみたて120万円＋成長240万円、生涯1,800万円、対象の利益は無期限で非課税——最初に使う口座になりがちです。課税の「特定」口座はNISA超過分を保有し、20.315%課税ですが損益通算があります。iDeCoは私的年金で、掛金は控除できますが受給年齢まで固定されます。\n口座内では、初心者の多くは個別株より、幅広く低コストなインデックス投信（全世界株やS&P500）を調べます。全世界1本で株式の核を完結でき、耐えられる損失に応じて債券や現金を加えて変動を下げます。\n注意と次に読むもの\n越境の2つの注意が最も重要です。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は日本の投信でPFIC報告の問題に直面し、購入前に専門家の助言を受けるべきです。またNISAは居住者向けの制度で、出国すると原則継続できないため、大きな残高を作る前に出国を計画します。誰もが「非課税は無リスクでない」と捉えるべきで、NISA内の投資も下落し得ます。\nここから、クラスターの他のページがより深く扱います。始め方・貯蓄と投資・リスク・分散・複利・NISA完全ガイド・口座と税・商品カテゴリー・証券会社比較、そして外国人居住者と米国納税者向けのページです。まず初心者の道をたどり、次の判断に合うトピックを探します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investing-in-japan-complete-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-us-citizen"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:how-to-start-investing-japan","guide:what-is-nisa","guide:investing-for-beginners","guide:investment-products-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"多くの日本居住者の妥当な道は、現金を確保し高金利の借金を返し、低コストの証券会社でNISAを開き、分散された低コストのインデックス投信1本を自動化し、核と税務が整ってから、iDeCo・個別株・外国商品を加えることです。\n投資の理由、貯蓄と投資、日本の制度（NISA・iDeCo・課税）、証券会社と商品、初心者の手順。\n投資は財務の土台の後：流動性のある資金と高金利借金の返済が先です。\nNISAは非課税の入れ物（年360万円・生涯1,800万円）、iDeCoは控除を加えるが固定します。\n証券会社を通じて投資し、初心者の多くは広い低コストのインデックス投信1本を使います。\n全世界株式1本で、手間をかけず多くの国に分散できます。\n米国納税者と出国予定者は、追加で専門家の注意が必要です。\nなぜ投資し、どの順序で\n貯蓄は額面の円を保ち流動性を与え、投資は確実性を成長の可能性と交換します。代わりに価値は変動し元本保証はありません。現金は緊急時と近い支出に適しますが、長期では購買力がインフレで削られ得て、これが数年使わない資金を投資する主な理由です。\n多くの居住者に妥当な手順：(1) 予見できる支出に足る流動性のある現金を保つ、(2) 高金利の借金を返す、(3) 会社のマッチングや特に良い企業年金を取り込む、(4) 低コストの証券会社とNISAを開く、(5) 分散された投信1本の続けられる毎月の買付を自動化、(6) 控除・固定・受取課税を理解したうえでiDeCoを検討、(7) 核と税務が整ってから個別株や外国商品を加える。\n日本の投資制度\n証券会社を通じ、いくつかの口座タイプの中で投資します。NISAは非課税の入れ物で、2024年から年つみたて120万円＋成長240万円、生涯1,800万円、対象の利益は無期限で非課税——最初に使う口座になりがちです。課税の「特定」口座はNISA超過分を保有し、20.315%課税ですが損益通算があります。iDeCoは私的年金で、掛金は控除できますが受給年齢まで固定されます。\n口座内では、初心者の多くは個別株より、幅広く低コストなインデックス投信（全世界株やS&P500）を調べます。全世界1本で株式の核を完結でき、耐えられる損失に応じて債券や現金を加えて変動を下げます。\n注意と次に読むもの\n越境の2つの注意が最も重要です。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は日本の投信でPFIC報告の問題に直面し、購入前に専門家の助言を受けるべきです。またNISAは居住者向けの制度で、出国すると原則継続できないため、大きな残高を作る前に出国を計画します。誰もが「非課税は無リスクでない」と捉えるべきで、NISA内の投資も下落し得ます。\nここから、クラスターの他のページがより深く扱います。始め方・貯蓄と投資・リスク・分散・複利・NISA完全ガイド・口座と税・商品カテゴリー・証券会社比較、そして外国人居住者と米国納税者向けのページです。まず初心者の道をたどり、次の判断に合うトピックを探します。","url":"/ja/investing/investing-in-japan-complete-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-methodology:ja","entityId":"guide:investing-methodology","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"投資リサーチの情報源と方法論","plainText":"本リサーチは、規制当局・政府・一次情報を優先し、普遍的な「最良」を断定せず前提を置いた標準化された軸で比較し、事実と分析を分け、欠落した時点データを捏造しません。\n情報源の優先順位、順位と手数料の比較方法、事実と分析の分離、更新頻度、欠落データの扱い。\n情報源の優先：FSA・国税庁・厚労省・財務省・JSDA・公式資料・目論見書・米政府税源。\n「最良」は前提の下での最良で、普遍的な最良ではありません。\n事実・計算・編集上の分析を分けて扱います。\n変動しやすい数値（手数料・率）は検証日を付し、再確認すべきです。\n欠落した時点データは、欄を埋めるために捏造しません。\n情報源の優先順位\nリサーチは一次・公式情報を優先します。金融庁（FSA）、国税庁（NTA）、厚生労働省（MHLW）、財務省（MOF）、日本証券業協会（JSDA）、公式の証券会社文書、公式の目論見書、そして米国納税者のトピックにはIRSやFinCENなど米政府の税源です。登録の事実は、FSAの登録業者一覧とJSDA会員で確認します。\n提供者・商品の一覧は広いものの網羅的とは主張せず、いずれも個別の投資・法律・税務助言ではありません。主張が情報源に依存する場合、アクセス日または検証日とともに情報源を示します。\n比較と手数料の扱い\n順位は、定義した顧客——オンラインで取引し、NISAと特定口座を使い、毎月買付し、低い総コスト・広さ・税務対応・安全性を重視する個人の日本居住者——を前提とします。前提が異なれば答えは変わるため、「最良」は常にその前提の下での最良で、普遍的な最良ではありません。ポイントのキャンペーン率は、変わりやすくカード年会費で相殺され得るため低めに評価します。\n手数料は全体——手数料・為替スプレッド・投信費用・単元未満株スプレッド・移管手数料——で比較し、表面の手数料だけでは比べません。「手数料無料」は無コストではないためです。成績を論じる場合、一致する期間でファンドのベンチマークとのみ比較し、直近のリターンで投信を順位付けするためには使いません。\n事実と分析、欠落データ\n事実・計算・編集上の分析を分けます。規則（例：NISAの上限）は情報源のある事実、複利の表は予測ではなく明示した計算、「最適」の記述は前提の下での編集上の分析です。変動しやすい数値——手数料・ポイント率・提供者の機能——は検証日を付し、変わるため行動前に再確認すべきです。\n時点データ（現在の純資産・基準価額・過去の成績・変動・最大下落率）が公式の検証済み系列から得られない場合、欄を埋めるために捏造しません。代わりに、最新の目論見書・月次レポート・ベンチマークの方法論を案内します。更新ログが、重要な変更を日付と情報源とともに記録します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investing-methodology","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-data-updates","guide:best-brokerages-japan","guide:how-to-compare-funds","guide:check-broker-license-and-scams"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"日本証券業協会","url":"https://www.jsda.or.jp/nisa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"本リサーチは、規制当局・政府・一次情報を優先し、普遍的な「最良」を断定せず前提を置いた標準化された軸で比較し、事実と分析を分け、欠落した時点データを捏造しません。\n情報源の優先順位、順位と手数料の比較方法、事実と分析の分離、更新頻度、欠落データの扱い。\n情報源の優先：FSA・国税庁・厚労省・財務省・JSDA・公式資料・目論見書・米政府税源。\n「最良」は前提の下での最良で、普遍的な最良ではありません。\n事実・計算・編集上の分析を分けて扱います。\n変動しやすい数値（手数料・率）は検証日を付し、再確認すべきです。\n欠落した時点データは、欄を埋めるために捏造しません。\n情報源の優先順位\nリサーチは一次・公式情報を優先します。金融庁（FSA）、国税庁（NTA）、厚生労働省（MHLW）、財務省（MOF）、日本証券業協会（JSDA）、公式の証券会社文書、公式の目論見書、そして米国納税者のトピックにはIRSやFinCENなど米政府の税源です。登録の事実は、FSAの登録業者一覧とJSDA会員で確認します。\n提供者・商品の一覧は広いものの網羅的とは主張せず、いずれも個別の投資・法律・税務助言ではありません。主張が情報源に依存する場合、アクセス日または検証日とともに情報源を示します。\n比較と手数料の扱い\n順位は、定義した顧客——オンラインで取引し、NISAと特定口座を使い、毎月買付し、低い総コスト・広さ・税務対応・安全性を重視する個人の日本居住者——を前提とします。前提が異なれば答えは変わるため、「最良」は常にその前提の下での最良で、普遍的な最良ではありません。ポイントのキャンペーン率は、変わりやすくカード年会費で相殺され得るため低めに評価します。\n手数料は全体——手数料・為替スプレッド・投信費用・単元未満株スプレッド・移管手数料——で比較し、表面の手数料だけでは比べません。「手数料無料」は無コストではないためです。成績を論じる場合、一致する期間でファンドのベンチマークとのみ比較し、直近のリターンで投信を順位付けするためには使いません。\n事実と分析、欠落データ\n事実・計算・編集上の分析を分けます。規則（例：NISAの上限）は情報源のある事実、複利の表は予測ではなく明示した計算、「最適」の記述は前提の下での編集上の分析です。変動しやすい数値——手数料・ポイント率・提供者の機能——は検証日を付し、変わるため行動前に再確認すべきです。\n時点データ（現在の純資産・基準価額・過去の成績・変動・最大下落率）が公式の検証済み系列から得られない場合、欄を埋めるために捏造しません。代わりに、最新の目論見書・月次レポート・ベンチマークの方法論を案内します。更新ログが、重要な変更を日付と情報源とともに記録します。","url":"/ja/investing/investing-methodology","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investing-data-updates:ja","entityId":"guide:investing-data-updates","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"投資データ更新ログ","plainText":"本ログは、投資ページの背後にある事実の重要な変更——NISA規則・証券手数料・カード・商品の追加/終了・iDeCo改正——を、日付と情報源とともに追跡し、情報が能動的に維持されていることを示します。\n追跡する変更——NISA規則・証券手数料・カード・商品の追加/終了・iDeCo改正——と、能動的な維持が重要な理由。\n金融の事実は変わります：NISA規則・手数料・カード率・商品ラインナップ・iDeCo上限。\n重要な変更は、黙って上書きせず、日付と情報源とともに記録します。\n2026年12月からのiDeCo改正は、施行日に確認する必要があります。\nキャンペーン・手数料は行動前に再確認を。機能は定義より早く陳腐化します。\n能動的な維持は、読者にも回答エンジンにも信頼性の証拠です。\nこのログが追跡するもの\n個人金融の事実は静的ではありません。本ログは、投資ページの背後のデータの重要な変更を記録するために存在します。NISA規則の変更、証券手数料とFXの変更、クレジットカード・ポイントの変更、商品の追加・終了、iDeCo・年金の改正です。各重要更新は、施行日と、それを確認する情報源を付し、読者が現行規則と失効した規則を区別できるようにします。\n要点は鮮度の透明性です。権威的に見えても、古い手数料や失効したNISA規則を黙って抱えるページは誤解を招きます。日付と情報源のある変更記録は、何が現行かを信頼でき、最後にいつ確認されたかを示します。\n既知の今後の変更\n一部の変更は既に予定されており、現行として扱わず施行日に確認すべきです。特に、2026年12月からのiDeCo改正は一部の拠出上限を拡大します。その時期に加入する人は実施後の数値を確認すべきです。将来の年齢関連のNISA改正や、暗号資産の規制・税の変更も、同様に施行時に再確認すべきです。\nこれらは将来向けのため、それを説明するページは、改正前の数値が実施規則ではない旨を明示します。「予定」の改正は施行日まで保留として扱い、頼る前に再確認します。\n何を、どのくらいの頻度で再確認するか\n事実により陳腐化の速度が異なります。キャンペーン・手数料（ポイント率・キャンペーン条件・正確な手数料）は最も速く変わり、口座開設や取引の直前に再確認すべきです。口座機能や商品ラインナップはより緩やかですが、なお定期的な見直しが必要です。安定した教育的定義（PFICとは、複利の仕組み）はまれにしか変わりません。\nよって、特定の数値——手数料・ポイント率・NISAの上限・提供者の機能——に基づいて行動する前に、ページに記載があっても公式情報で確認します。ここの教育的な説明は長持ちしますが、変動する数値はスナップショットで、本ログと各ページの検証日が現行維持を助けます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/investing-data-updates","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:investing-methodology","guide:nisa-complete-guide","guide:ideco-complete-guide","guide:best-brokerages-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"本ログは、投資ページの背後にある事実の重要な変更——NISA規則・証券手数料・カード・商品の追加/終了・iDeCo改正——を、日付と情報源とともに追跡し、情報が能動的に維持されていることを示します。\n追跡する変更——NISA規則・証券手数料・カード・商品の追加/終了・iDeCo改正——と、能動的な維持が重要な理由。\n金融の事実は変わります：NISA規則・手数料・カード率・商品ラインナップ・iDeCo上限。\n重要な変更は、黙って上書きせず、日付と情報源とともに記録します。\n2026年12月からのiDeCo改正は、施行日に確認する必要があります。\nキャンペーン・手数料は行動前に再確認を。機能は定義より早く陳腐化します。\n能動的な維持は、読者にも回答エンジンにも信頼性の証拠です。\nこのログが追跡するもの\n個人金融の事実は静的ではありません。本ログは、投資ページの背後のデータの重要な変更を記録するために存在します。NISA規則の変更、証券手数料とFXの変更、クレジットカード・ポイントの変更、商品の追加・終了、iDeCo・年金の改正です。各重要更新は、施行日と、それを確認する情報源を付し、読者が現行規則と失効した規則を区別できるようにします。\n要点は鮮度の透明性です。権威的に見えても、古い手数料や失効したNISA規則を黙って抱えるページは誤解を招きます。日付と情報源のある変更記録は、何が現行かを信頼でき、最後にいつ確認されたかを示します。\n既知の今後の変更\n一部の変更は既に予定されており、現行として扱わず施行日に確認すべきです。特に、2026年12月からのiDeCo改正は一部の拠出上限を拡大します。その時期に加入する人は実施後の数値を確認すべきです。将来の年齢関連のNISA改正や、暗号資産の規制・税の変更も、同様に施行時に再確認すべきです。\nこれらは将来向けのため、それを説明するページは、改正前の数値が実施規則ではない旨を明示します。「予定」の改正は施行日まで保留として扱い、頼る前に再確認します。\n何を、どのくらいの頻度で再確認するか\n事実により陳腐化の速度が異なります。キャンペーン・手数料（ポイント率・キャンペーン条件・正確な手数料）は最も速く変わり、口座開設や取引の直前に再確認すべきです。口座機能や商品ラインナップはより緩やかですが、なお定期的な見直しが必要です。安定した教育的定義（PFICとは、複利の仕組み）はまれにしか変わりません。\nよって、特定の数値——手数料・ポイント率・NISAの上限・提供者の機能——に基づいて行動する前に、ページに記載があっても公式情報で確認します。ここの教育的な説明は長持ちしますが、変動する数値はスナップショットで、本ログと各ページの検証日が現行維持を助けます。","url":"/ja/investing/investing-data-updates","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:buying-property-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:buying-property-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で不動産を買う完全ガイド","plainText":"購入は予算→事前審査→物件探し→買付→重要事項説明→契約→本審査→検査→決済という多段階の流れで、頭金に加え価格の概ね6〜10%の現金が必要です。\n予算・資金計画・仲介・契約・検査・税金・保有まで。最初の予算から引き渡し後までの全行程。\nまず3つの上限を決める：購入価格・毎月の住居費・決済後に残す最低現金。\n買付前に事前審査を取り、住宅ローン特約（融資特約）を丁寧に取り決める。\n頭金に加えて価格の6〜10%の諸費用を見込む。\nポータルの掲載は「発見」であり調査ではない。権利・適法性・状態・災害リスクを確認する。\n購入の流れ（段階別）\n日本の不動産購入は、予算設定→事前審査→エリア選定→ポータルと仲介での物件探し→複数回の内見→買付証明書の提出→重要事項説明の確認→売買契約と手付金→本審査→検査→司法書士による登記を伴う決済、という順序で進みます。各段階に固有の書類・期限・つまずき方があるため、一つの決断ではなくプロジェクトとして扱いましょう。\n日本の審査は申込者だけでなく物件にも依存します。借地条件・適法性・床面積・立地・築年・構造・再建築可否・担保評価の弱さなどで、優良な申込者でも否決され得ます。自分の資金面と物件の法的・物理的事実を並行して整えましょう。\n内見の前に予算を決める\n内見の前に3つの上限を決めます：購入価格の上限、毎月の住居費の上限、決済後も残す最低現金額です。毎月の住居費は住宅ローンだけではありません。固定資産税・都市計画税、マンションの管理費・修繕積立金、保険、駐車場、光熱費、自己負担の修繕を含みます。一戸建てでは屋根・外装・排水・構造の修繕費が直接あなたに乗ります。\n銀行の上限は家計への推奨ではありません。フラット35の基準は総返済負担率を年収400万円未満で30%、400万円以上で35%までとしますが、堅実な家計は税・育児・年金・維持費・金利上昇を織り込み、通常はより低い比率を目標にします。\n資金計画・契約・融資特約\n買付の前に事前審査を受け、現実的な予算を把握して素早く動けるようにします。契約時、住宅ローン特約は金融機関・金額・申込と承認の期限を明記し、特約に基づき融資が不成立の場合に手付金が返還されるかを定めます。この特約を理解する前に売買契約を結ばないこと。住宅ローン利用者にとって最重要の保護です。\n重要事項説明は宅地建物取引士が行い、権利関係・法規制・接道・インフラ・災害情報・借地・管理・手付・解除などを扱います。署名直前に初めて見るのではなく、書類は早めに入手しましょう。\n検査・決済・その後\n中古住宅では可能なら独立した有資格の検査人に依頼します。建物状況調査は目視・計測可能な劣化を調べますが、無欠陥を保証するものではなく、金融機関の担保評価は構造検査ではありません。決済では買主が残代金を支払い、融資が実行され、鍵と占有が移り、司法書士が所有権移転と抵当権設定を登記します。空き渡し・インフラ・税金や費用の按分・想定外の担保がないことを確認しましょう。\n入居後は税の手続き（初年度の住宅ローン控除の確定申告を含む）を行い、住所変更をし、契約と費用の証拠を保管し、瑕疵の通知期限を確認し、修繕積立を始め、保険を毎年見直します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/buying-property-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-buy-foreigner","faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-earnest-money-size","faq:loan-financing-clause"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:mortgages-japan","guide:property-buying-checklist","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:rent-vs-buy-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"購入は予算→事前審査→物件探し→買付→重要事項説明→契約→本審査→検査→決済という多段階の流れで、頭金に加え価格の概ね6〜10%の現金が必要です。\n予算・資金計画・仲介・契約・検査・税金・保有まで。最初の予算から引き渡し後までの全行程。\nまず3つの上限を決める：購入価格・毎月の住居費・決済後に残す最低現金。\n買付前に事前審査を取り、住宅ローン特約（融資特約）を丁寧に取り決める。\n頭金に加えて価格の6〜10%の諸費用を見込む。\nポータルの掲載は「発見」であり調査ではない。権利・適法性・状態・災害リスクを確認する。\n購入の流れ（段階別）\n日本の不動産購入は、予算設定→事前審査→エリア選定→ポータルと仲介での物件探し→複数回の内見→買付証明書の提出→重要事項説明の確認→売買契約と手付金→本審査→検査→司法書士による登記を伴う決済、という順序で進みます。各段階に固有の書類・期限・つまずき方があるため、一つの決断ではなくプロジェクトとして扱いましょう。\n日本の審査は申込者だけでなく物件にも依存します。借地条件・適法性・床面積・立地・築年・構造・再建築可否・担保評価の弱さなどで、優良な申込者でも否決され得ます。自分の資金面と物件の法的・物理的事実を並行して整えましょう。\n内見の前に予算を決める\n内見の前に3つの上限を決めます：購入価格の上限、毎月の住居費の上限、決済後も残す最低現金額です。毎月の住居費は住宅ローンだけではありません。固定資産税・都市計画税、マンションの管理費・修繕積立金、保険、駐車場、光熱費、自己負担の修繕を含みます。一戸建てでは屋根・外装・排水・構造の修繕費が直接あなたに乗ります。\n銀行の上限は家計への推奨ではありません。フラット35の基準は総返済負担率を年収400万円未満で30%、400万円以上で35%までとしますが、堅実な家計は税・育児・年金・維持費・金利上昇を織り込み、通常はより低い比率を目標にします。\n資金計画・契約・融資特約\n買付の前に事前審査を受け、現実的な予算を把握して素早く動けるようにします。契約時、住宅ローン特約は金融機関・金額・申込と承認の期限を明記し、特約に基づき融資が不成立の場合に手付金が返還されるかを定めます。この特約を理解する前に売買契約を結ばないこと。住宅ローン利用者にとって最重要の保護です。\n重要事項説明は宅地建物取引士が行い、権利関係・法規制・接道・インフラ・災害情報・借地・管理・手付・解除などを扱います。署名直前に初めて見るのではなく、書類は早めに入手しましょう。\n検査・決済・その後\n中古住宅では可能なら独立した有資格の検査人に依頼します。建物状況調査は目視・計測可能な劣化を調べますが、無欠陥を保証するものではなく、金融機関の担保評価は構造検査ではありません。決済では買主が残代金を支払い、融資が実行され、鍵と占有が移り、司法書士が所有権移転と抵当権設定を登記します。空き渡し・インフラ・税金や費用の按分・想定外の担保がないことを確認しましょう。\n入居後は税の手続き（初年度の住宅ローン控除の確定申告を含む）を行い、住所変更をし、契約と費用の証拠を保管し、瑕疵の通知期限を確認し、修繕積立を始め、保険を毎年見直します。","url":"/ja/loans/buying-property-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgages-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgages-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の住宅ローン完全ガイド","plainText":"日本の住宅ローンは、収入と安定性・信用情報・物件で決まります。最も安いのは表面金利が最低のものではなく、保有期間の総コストが最低のものです。\n審査要件・種類・金利・手数料・引受・金融機関・申込手順。金利が上がった日本で住宅ローンが実際にどう動くか。\n銀行は安定雇用・収入・年齢・信用情報・団信の健康状態・物件を評価する。\n中心は固定か変動か。変動は今や2〜3%の本気のストレステストが必要。\n金利だけでなく、実行金利・2.2%の事務手数料・保証料・保険上乗せ・繰上返済費用を比較する。\n日本はゼロ金利期を脱した。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、プライムレートも上昇。\n変わった金利環境\n日本はゼロ金利時代とは大きく異なる金利環境に入りました。日銀の誘導目標は2026年6月の決定後で約1.0%、無担保コール翌日物の平均は2026年7月末で約0.977%でした。主要行は短期プライムレートや住宅ローン基準金利の引き上げを公表・実施しています。例えばみずほは、新規変動が約1.025%からでも2027年1月以降に1.275%以上へ上がると告知しました。今日の目玉金利だけでなく、告知された将来の返済額を試算しましょう。\n審査で見られる点\n引受では、収入・雇用の安定・年齢・債務・返済履歴・世帯の負担・団信の健康状態・物件の評価と適法性・書類を評価します。数年の安定した日本の課税所得がある永住・正社員が最も単純な案件で、契約・試用期間・歩合中心・自営・会社経営の申込者はより長い履歴が必要で、正規化した収入で評価され得ます。\n申込前にCICとJICCで自分の信用情報を確認しましょう。日本に単一の公的スコアはなく、銀行は指定信用情報機関から情報を取り独自基準を適用します。CICは申込照会を6か月、契約・支払い情報を概ね契約期間中と終了後5年まで記録します。ローン直前の繰り返しの申込や新規借入は避けましょう。\n種類・金利・手数料\n主な商品群は、全期間固定のフラット35、変動金利、固定期間選択型（例：10年固定）、ミックス型で、加えて夫婦向けの構造（ペアローン・収入合算・連帯債務・親子リレー）があります。固定は初期費用が高い代わりに金利リスクを取り除き、変動は今は安いが金利リスクをあなたに移します。2〜3%上昇しても売らずに耐えられる家計でのみ変動を選びましょう。\n金利以外に、実際のコストにはしばしば2.20%の事務手数料（5,000万円で110万円）、保証料（前払い・金利上乗せ・なしのいずれか）、鑑定、登録免許税、司法書士報酬、団信、任意特約、繰上返済手数料が含まれます。数年で売却・借換をする人には、名目上低い金利のほうが高くつくことがあります。\n申込の手順\n事前審査は、申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件情報による初期審査で、融資の約束ではありません。本審査は詳細書類と物件確認後の本格的な引受で、書類の相違・担保評価の弱さ・保険の不承認・雇用の変化・新規債務・物件の不適格などで否決され得ます。各金融機関に、実行月金利・永続的な引下げ幅・LTVと期間の上乗せ・手数料表・保険の選択肢・必要書類・審査期間・有効期限・英語対応を明記した日付入りの書面を求め、想定保有期間での内部コストを比較しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgages-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-preapproval-final"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:borrowing-guide","guide:mortgage-rates","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:flat-35","guide:foreigners-buying-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"日本の住宅ローンは、収入と安定性・信用情報・物件で決まります。最も安いのは表面金利が最低のものではなく、保有期間の総コストが最低のものです。\n審査要件・種類・金利・手数料・引受・金融機関・申込手順。金利が上がった日本で住宅ローンが実際にどう動くか。\n銀行は安定雇用・収入・年齢・信用情報・団信の健康状態・物件を評価する。\n中心は固定か変動か。変動は今や2〜3%の本気のストレステストが必要。\n金利だけでなく、実行金利・2.2%の事務手数料・保証料・保険上乗せ・繰上返済費用を比較する。\n日本はゼロ金利期を脱した。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、プライムレートも上昇。\n変わった金利環境\n日本はゼロ金利時代とは大きく異なる金利環境に入りました。日銀の誘導目標は2026年6月の決定後で約1.0%、無担保コール翌日物の平均は2026年7月末で約0.977%でした。主要行は短期プライムレートや住宅ローン基準金利の引き上げを公表・実施しています。例えばみずほは、新規変動が約1.025%からでも2027年1月以降に1.275%以上へ上がると告知しました。今日の目玉金利だけでなく、告知された将来の返済額を試算しましょう。\n審査で見られる点\n引受では、収入・雇用の安定・年齢・債務・返済履歴・世帯の負担・団信の健康状態・物件の評価と適法性・書類を評価します。数年の安定した日本の課税所得がある永住・正社員が最も単純な案件で、契約・試用期間・歩合中心・自営・会社経営の申込者はより長い履歴が必要で、正規化した収入で評価され得ます。\n申込前にCICとJICCで自分の信用情報を確認しましょう。日本に単一の公的スコアはなく、銀行は指定信用情報機関から情報を取り独自基準を適用します。CICは申込照会を6か月、契約・支払い情報を概ね契約期間中と終了後5年まで記録します。ローン直前の繰り返しの申込や新規借入は避けましょう。\n種類・金利・手数料\n主な商品群は、全期間固定のフラット35、変動金利、固定期間選択型（例：10年固定）、ミックス型で、加えて夫婦向けの構造（ペアローン・収入合算・連帯債務・親子リレー）があります。固定は初期費用が高い代わりに金利リスクを取り除き、変動は今は安いが金利リスクをあなたに移します。2〜3%上昇しても売らずに耐えられる家計でのみ変動を選びましょう。\n金利以外に、実際のコストにはしばしば2.20%の事務手数料（5,000万円で110万円）、保証料（前払い・金利上乗せ・なしのいずれか）、鑑定、登録免許税、司法書士報酬、団信、任意特約、繰上返済手数料が含まれます。数年で売却・借換をする人には、名目上低い金利のほうが高くつくことがあります。\n申込の手順\n事前審査は、申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件情報による初期審査で、融資の約束ではありません。本審査は詳細書類と物件確認後の本格的な引受で、書類の相違・担保評価の弱さ・保険の不承認・雇用の変化・新規債務・物件の不適格などで否決され得ます。各金融機関に、実行月金利・永続的な引下げ幅・LTVと期間の上乗せ・手数料表・保険の選択肢・必要書類・審査期間・有効期限・英語対応を明記した日付入りの書面を求め、想定保有期間での内部コストを比較しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgages-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:borrowing-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:borrowing-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のローン入門ガイド","plainText":"借入は、担保があり目的が明確で安定収入から返済できるとき安全で、生活赤字の穴埋めや長寿命資産を高金利の短期債務で買うとき危険です。\nローン用語・種類・信用審査、そして日本での安全な借入と危険な借入の違い。\n元金・利息・期間・返済方法の組合せが総コストを決める。金利だけではない。\n担保付き（住宅ローン）は安く長期。カードローンや消費者ローンははるかに高い。\n日本に単一のスコアはなく、銀行はCIC・JICCを見て独自基準を適用する。\n貸金業者からの借入は原則年収の3分の1まで。銀行・住宅ローンはこの規制の外。\n基本用語\n元金は利息・手数料を除いた借入額。利息はお金を使う対価で、残高に対して名目年率で計算します。借入期間は返済期間で、長いほど毎月の返済は下がりますが総利息は通常増え、上乗せがつくこともあります。返済予定（償却）は各返済が利息と元金にどう分かれるかで、元利均等では初期は残高が最大なので利息が大半です。\n元利均等返済は返済額を（見直しまで）一定に保ち、元金均等返済は毎月同じ元金を返すため返済額は高く始まり下がり、総利息を抑えますが全行が扱うわけではありません。バルーン（一括）払いは後日に大きな一括がくる方式で、借換や売却が常にできると仮定すると危険です。\nローンの種類\n住宅ローンや不動産担保ローンは担保リスクがある一方、通常は最低金利・最長期間です。カードローンや消費者ローンは抵当権登記を通常必要としませんが、はるかに高い（しばしば二桁の）金利で、長寿命資産や継続的な生活赤字の資金にすべきではありません。自動車ローンや教育ローンは目的別で、個人事業主の事業ローンは運転資金や設備を賄います。それぞれに適切な用途と特有の危険があり、要はローンの期間とコストを、買うものの寿命に合わせることです。\n信用審査と借入限度\n銀行は収入・安定性・債務・返済履歴・年齢、そして住宅ローンでは団信の健康状態と物件を評価します。日本に単一の消費者スコアはなく、信用情報機関（CIC・JICC）が申込照会・契約・返済・延滞の記録を保有し、消費者は自分の開示を請求できます。貸金業者からの借入は貸金業法の総量規制の対象で、対象残高が年収の3分の1を超えると新規借入が原則制限されます。一方、銀行融資や適格な住宅ローンはこの総量規制の外ですが、銀行は独自の返済能力審査を行います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/borrowing-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured","faq:loan-onethird-rule","faq:loan-total-cost"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-loans-work","guide:credit-records-japan","guide:consumer-loans","guide:secured-vs-unsecured"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社日本信用情報機構","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"借入は、担保があり目的が明確で安定収入から返済できるとき安全で、生活赤字の穴埋めや長寿命資産を高金利の短期債務で買うとき危険です。\nローン用語・種類・信用審査、そして日本での安全な借入と危険な借入の違い。\n元金・利息・期間・返済方法の組合せが総コストを決める。金利だけではない。\n担保付き（住宅ローン）は安く長期。カードローンや消費者ローンははるかに高い。\n日本に単一のスコアはなく、銀行はCIC・JICCを見て独自基準を適用する。\n貸金業者からの借入は原則年収の3分の1まで。銀行・住宅ローンはこの規制の外。\n基本用語\n元金は利息・手数料を除いた借入額。利息はお金を使う対価で、残高に対して名目年率で計算します。借入期間は返済期間で、長いほど毎月の返済は下がりますが総利息は通常増え、上乗せがつくこともあります。返済予定（償却）は各返済が利息と元金にどう分かれるかで、元利均等では初期は残高が最大なので利息が大半です。\n元利均等返済は返済額を（見直しまで）一定に保ち、元金均等返済は毎月同じ元金を返すため返済額は高く始まり下がり、総利息を抑えますが全行が扱うわけではありません。バルーン（一括）払いは後日に大きな一括がくる方式で、借換や売却が常にできると仮定すると危険です。\nローンの種類\n住宅ローンや不動産担保ローンは担保リスクがある一方、通常は最低金利・最長期間です。カードローンや消費者ローンは抵当権登記を通常必要としませんが、はるかに高い（しばしば二桁の）金利で、長寿命資産や継続的な生活赤字の資金にすべきではありません。自動車ローンや教育ローンは目的別で、個人事業主の事業ローンは運転資金や設備を賄います。それぞれに適切な用途と特有の危険があり、要はローンの期間とコストを、買うものの寿命に合わせることです。\n信用審査と借入限度\n銀行は収入・安定性・債務・返済履歴・年齢、そして住宅ローンでは団信の健康状態と物件を評価します。日本に単一の消費者スコアはなく、信用情報機関（CIC・JICC）が申込照会・契約・返済・延滞の記録を保有し、消費者は自分の開示を請求できます。貸金業者からの借入は貸金業法の総量規制の対象で、対象残高が年収の3分の1を超えると新規借入が原則制限されます。一方、銀行融資や適格な住宅ローンはこの総量規制の外ですが、銀行は独自の返済能力審査を行います。","url":"/ja/loans/borrowing-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreigners-buying-property:ja","entityId":"guide:foreigners-buying-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人として日本で不動産を買う","plainText":"外国人は国籍を問わず概ね日本の不動産を所有できます。制約は融資で、永住が最も容易なルートですが必須ではなく、一部の専門金融機関は非永住者にも対応します。\n所有と融資の違い、永住・非永住のルート、書類、言語、資金の出所。外国人居住者の実践ガイド。\n所有資格と住宅ローン資格は別。所有は容易、融資が壁。\n永住は主流の金融機関を広く開く。ない場合は条件が厳しいか専門ルートに。\nプレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガ銀行は一部の非永住者向け商品や支援を公表。\n複数年の税務記録・在職証明・資金の出所・在留と返済継続の説明を用意する。\n所有と融資の違い\n国籍が外国人の土地・建物の所有を妨げることは一般にありません。所有資格と住宅ローン資格は別の問題です。現金購入でも、銀行口座・本人確認・納税管理人・送金・制裁・登記・継続管理の要件があり、海外から買う非居住者は納税管理人と資金の出所の丁寧な扱いが必要です。一方、通常の居住用住宅ローンは、原則として日本での居住と実際の本人居住を求めます。\n永住と非永住のルート\n永住が最も容易なルートである理由は、永住者が国籍要件では日本人申込者とほぼ同様に扱われることが多いためです（ただし言語・書類の要件は残ります）。永住がない場合、日本人配偶者や保証人のいる非永住者は一部の銀行で検討され得ますが、日本人配偶者のいない非永住者は対応行が少なく、より強い収入・雇用主・日本語・頭金・長期在留の証拠が必要になり得ます。海外在住の非居住者は通常の居住用ローンは概ね不可で、専門の投資・クロスボーダー融資が高コスト・低LTVで存在し得ます。\n実務的な非永住者の順序は、勤務先やデベロッパーの提携銀行→プレスティア（英語対応、最大5億円、保証料なし、購入・借換）→東京スター銀行（永住のない外国人向けに明示されたスターモーゲージ）→スルガ銀行（日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローン）→地方・取引銀行→国籍・在留の条件を満たせばフラット35→専門の担保・投資融資、です。非永住者のプレミアムを、永住を待つコストと不確実性と天秤にかけましょう。\n強いファイルを作る\n強い外国人居住者のローン書類には、在留カード・パスポート・住民票・求めに応じたマイナンバー関連の税書類、永住の証明または在留資格・更新・日本人配偶者や保証人の明確な説明、複数年の日本の課税証明と所得記録、在職証明・雇用契約・勤続・職務・給与振込の証拠、国内外の債務の完全な開示、頭金と資金の出所の証明（必要なら翻訳した海外銀行明細を含む）、日本語能力または認められる通訳の手配、物件書類・売買契約・重要事項説明、求めがあれば長期在留と返済継続の書面説明、そして海外転勤・在留資格喪失・離婚・出国への対応計画、が含まれます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/foreigners-buying-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-buy-foreigner","faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-pr-mandatory","faq:loan-english-support"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:mortgage-income-documents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Suruga Bank","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"外国人は国籍を問わず概ね日本の不動産を所有できます。制約は融資で、永住が最も容易なルートですが必須ではなく、一部の専門金融機関は非永住者にも対応します。\n所有と融資の違い、永住・非永住のルート、書類、言語、資金の出所。外国人居住者の実践ガイド。\n所有資格と住宅ローン資格は別。所有は容易、融資が壁。\n永住は主流の金融機関を広く開く。ない場合は条件が厳しいか専門ルートに。\nプレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガ銀行は一部の非永住者向け商品や支援を公表。\n複数年の税務記録・在職証明・資金の出所・在留と返済継続の説明を用意する。\n所有と融資の違い\n国籍が外国人の土地・建物の所有を妨げることは一般にありません。所有資格と住宅ローン資格は別の問題です。現金購入でも、銀行口座・本人確認・納税管理人・送金・制裁・登記・継続管理の要件があり、海外から買う非居住者は納税管理人と資金の出所の丁寧な扱いが必要です。一方、通常の居住用住宅ローンは、原則として日本での居住と実際の本人居住を求めます。\n永住と非永住のルート\n永住が最も容易なルートである理由は、永住者が国籍要件では日本人申込者とほぼ同様に扱われることが多いためです（ただし言語・書類の要件は残ります）。永住がない場合、日本人配偶者や保証人のいる非永住者は一部の銀行で検討され得ますが、日本人配偶者のいない非永住者は対応行が少なく、より強い収入・雇用主・日本語・頭金・長期在留の証拠が必要になり得ます。海外在住の非居住者は通常の居住用ローンは概ね不可で、専門の投資・クロスボーダー融資が高コスト・低LTVで存在し得ます。\n実務的な非永住者の順序は、勤務先やデベロッパーの提携銀行→プレスティア（英語対応、最大5億円、保証料なし、購入・借換）→東京スター銀行（永住のない外国人向けに明示されたスターモーゲージ）→スルガ銀行（日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローン）→地方・取引銀行→国籍・在留の条件を満たせばフラット35→専門の担保・投資融資、です。非永住者のプレミアムを、永住を待つコストと不確実性と天秤にかけましょう。\n強いファイルを作る\n強い外国人居住者のローン書類には、在留カード・パスポート・住民票・求めに応じたマイナンバー関連の税書類、永住の証明または在留資格・更新・日本人配偶者や保証人の明確な説明、複数年の日本の課税証明と所得記録、在職証明・雇用契約・勤続・職務・給与振込の証拠、国内外の債務の完全な開示、頭金と資金の出所の証明（必要なら翻訳した海外銀行明細を含む）、日本語能力または認められる通訳の手配、物件書類・売買契約・重要事項説明、求めがあれば長期在留と返済継続の書面説明、そして海外転勤・在留資格喪失・離婚・出国への対応計画、が含まれます。","url":"/ja/loans/foreigners-buying-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-investment-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:property-investment-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の不動産投資","plainText":"日本の賃貸は事業として、粗利回りではなくNOI・DSCR・現実的な空室と資本的支出で採算を見ます。粗利回り5〜6%でも費用後は薄いか赤字のキャッシュ利回りになり得ます。\n資金調達・利回り・空室・費用・税金・キャッシュフロー・出口リスク、そして居住用ローンを賃貸に流用してはならない理由。\nNOI・DSCR・自己資金利回り・損益分岐入居率を使う。粗利回りをキャッシュフローと見なさない。\n住宅ローン元金を営業費用に含めない。ただし資本的支出は必ず積み立てる。\n居住用ローンは安易に投資ローンにできない。居住の偽装は期限の利益喪失や詐欺の主張を招く。\n900万戸の空き家は900万件の掘り出し物ではない。多くは需要の弱い立地で権利・接道・構造に問題がある。\n事業として採算を見る\n実効総収入は、想定賃料から空室・フリーレント・貸倒れを引き、その他収入を足したものです。NOI（純営業収益）は実効総収入から営業費用（管理・組合費・オーナー負担の光熱費・客付け手数料・維持・保険・固定資産税と都市計画税・空室・継続的な資本的支出）を引いたもので、住宅ローン元金は含みません。税引前キャッシュフローはNOIから元利返済と資本的支出の積立を引いたもので、DSCRはNOI÷年間元利返済です。普遍的な安全DSCRはありませんが、1.0超の余裕は必須で、銀行はより高い水準を求めるのが通常です。\n粗利回り5%と広告される物件でも、費用後は薄いか赤字のキャッシュ利回りになり得ます。4,000万円で月20万円の賃料なら粗利回り6.0%ですが、空室5%・年36万円の管理/組合費・20万円の税と保険・15万円の維持・20万円の資本積立の後、例示NOIは約137万円で、取得費用前で価格の約3.4%です。これを2.5%・高レバレッジで借りれば、余裕はほとんど残りません。\n投資のデューデリジェンス\n誰が入居者で、目標賃料での需要はどれほど厚いか。比較事例は成約賃料か募集賃料か。次の屋根・外壁・エレベーター・配管・防水の費用。現在の用途・消防設備・接道が適法か。融資が固定か変動か、期限前返済請求・遡及の有無、借換の前提。土地建物の按分と減価償却が税務上どう裏付けられるか。出口で誰がどの利回りで何年後に買うか。管理料・更新料・修繕のマークアップ・解約条件。キャップレートの拡大（後の買い手がより高い利回りを求めること）は、同じNOIでも価値を下げます。\nやってはいけないこと\n銀行が明示的に認めない限り、居住用ローンを投資に使わないこと。転居・長期賃貸・民泊・自宅での事業は、ローン・保険・建築・用途地域・管理規約に反し得、居住の偽装は否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺の懸念・保険や税の帰結を招きます。将来の借換に頼らないこと、粗利回りをキャッシュフローとしないこと、再建築不可や借地、地方の空き家を専門家のレビューなしに買わないこと。民泊は国の枠組みで原則年180日まで、自治体はさらに制限でき、法が許しても管理規約が禁じ得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-investment-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-good-investment","faq:loan-gross-yield","faq:loan-residential-for-investment","faq:loan-vacant-house"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:investment-property-loans","guide:home-vs-investment-property","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home","guide:minpaku-homeowners"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"日本の賃貸は事業として、粗利回りではなくNOI・DSCR・現実的な空室と資本的支出で採算を見ます。粗利回り5〜6%でも費用後は薄いか赤字のキャッシュ利回りになり得ます。\n資金調達・利回り・空室・費用・税金・キャッシュフロー・出口リスク、そして居住用ローンを賃貸に流用してはならない理由。\nNOI・DSCR・自己資金利回り・損益分岐入居率を使う。粗利回りをキャッシュフローと見なさない。\n住宅ローン元金を営業費用に含めない。ただし資本的支出は必ず積み立てる。\n居住用ローンは安易に投資ローンにできない。居住の偽装は期限の利益喪失や詐欺の主張を招く。\n900万戸の空き家は900万件の掘り出し物ではない。多くは需要の弱い立地で権利・接道・構造に問題がある。\n事業として採算を見る\n実効総収入は、想定賃料から空室・フリーレント・貸倒れを引き、その他収入を足したものです。NOI（純営業収益）は実効総収入から営業費用（管理・組合費・オーナー負担の光熱費・客付け手数料・維持・保険・固定資産税と都市計画税・空室・継続的な資本的支出）を引いたもので、住宅ローン元金は含みません。税引前キャッシュフローはNOIから元利返済と資本的支出の積立を引いたもので、DSCRはNOI÷年間元利返済です。普遍的な安全DSCRはありませんが、1.0超の余裕は必須で、銀行はより高い水準を求めるのが通常です。\n粗利回り5%と広告される物件でも、費用後は薄いか赤字のキャッシュ利回りになり得ます。4,000万円で月20万円の賃料なら粗利回り6.0%ですが、空室5%・年36万円の管理/組合費・20万円の税と保険・15万円の維持・20万円の資本積立の後、例示NOIは約137万円で、取得費用前で価格の約3.4%です。これを2.5%・高レバレッジで借りれば、余裕はほとんど残りません。\n投資のデューデリジェンス\n誰が入居者で、目標賃料での需要はどれほど厚いか。比較事例は成約賃料か募集賃料か。次の屋根・外壁・エレベーター・配管・防水の費用。現在の用途・消防設備・接道が適法か。融資が固定か変動か、期限前返済請求・遡及の有無、借換の前提。土地建物の按分と減価償却が税務上どう裏付けられるか。出口で誰がどの利回りで何年後に買うか。管理料・更新料・修繕のマークアップ・解約条件。キャップレートの拡大（後の買い手がより高い利回りを求めること）は、同じNOIでも価値を下げます。\nやってはいけないこと\n銀行が明示的に認めない限り、居住用ローンを投資に使わないこと。転居・長期賃貸・民泊・自宅での事業は、ローン・保険・建築・用途地域・管理規約に反し得、居住の偽装は否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺の懸念・保険や税の帰結を招きます。将来の借換に頼らないこと、粗利回りをキャッシュフローとしないこと、再建築不可や借地、地方の空き家を専門家のレビューなしに買わないこと。民泊は国の枠組みで原則年180日まで、自治体はさらに制限でき、法が許しても管理規約が禁じ得ます。","url":"/ja/loans/property-investment-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:homeownership-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:homeownership-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で家を持つ","plainText":"保有は継続的な約束です。固定資産税・都市計画税・保険・修繕を毎年見込みます。一戸建ては自己資金、マンションは管理費と修繕積立金で。\n毎年の税金・保険・修繕・管理費・リフォーム・賃貸化・売却。保有に伴う継続コストと義務。\n固定資産税（該当地域では都市計画税も）は評価額に基づく毎年の地方税。\n一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・構造・排水・シロアリの修繕を自己資金で。マンションは管理費と修繕積立金を払う。\n火災保険は概ね融資の要件。地震保険は別建てで上限あり。\n賃貸化・民泊・海外転居は、先に融資・保険・税・管理規約の確認が必要。\n保有の年間コスト\nオーナーは毎年、評価額に基づく地方税である固定資産税と、都市計画区域内では都市計画税を払います。マンション所有者はさらに、通常運営のための管理費（月次）と、大規模修繕のための修繕積立金を払います。積立金は将来のために貯め、管理費は貯めません。一戸建てはどちらも払いませんが、屋根・外装・設備・構造のために同等の私的積立を自分で用意する必要があります。これらの費用は時間とともに直接かつ不均等に発生するためです。\n保険と修繕\n融資では通常、建物に十分な火災保険が求められます。地震保険は火災保険に付帯し、保険金額は対応する火災保険金額の概ね30〜50%で、建物5,000万円・家財1,000万円が上限です。完全な再建の保証ではなく、生活再建の支援を目的とします。通常の火災保険は地震による火災を概ね補償しないため、別建ての地震保険を検討します。補償は毎年見直し、融資や代理店のセット提案があっても外部の見積りと比較しましょう。\n賃貸化・民泊・転居・売却\n抵当付きの自宅は、融資の同意と、ローン・税・保険・建築規約の順守があって初めて賃貸に出せます。無許可で投資物件に転用するとローン違反になり得ます。民泊は、国の法・自治体条例・管理規約・融資・保険のすべてが認めて初めて可能です。海外へ転居する場合は、居住条件が対応を求め得るため、融資・保険・税務当局・管理会社に届け出ます。売却時は、仲介・抵当抹消・法務費用・修繕・税が手取りを減らし、適格な自宅の売却は条件付きで最大3,000万円の特別控除を使える場合があります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/homeownership-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-fees","faq:loan-rent-out-mortgaged","faq:loan-fire-earthquake","faq:loan-move-overseas"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-asset-tax","guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:selling-property-costs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"東京都主税局","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3302.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"保有は継続的な約束です。固定資産税・都市計画税・保険・修繕を毎年見込みます。一戸建ては自己資金、マンションは管理費と修繕積立金で。\n毎年の税金・保険・修繕・管理費・リフォーム・賃貸化・売却。保有に伴う継続コストと義務。\n固定資産税（該当地域では都市計画税も）は評価額に基づく毎年の地方税。\n一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・構造・排水・シロアリの修繕を自己資金で。マンションは管理費と修繕積立金を払う。\n火災保険は概ね融資の要件。地震保険は別建てで上限あり。\n賃貸化・民泊・海外転居は、先に融資・保険・税・管理規約の確認が必要。\n保有の年間コスト\nオーナーは毎年、評価額に基づく地方税である固定資産税と、都市計画区域内では都市計画税を払います。マンション所有者はさらに、通常運営のための管理費（月次）と、大規模修繕のための修繕積立金を払います。積立金は将来のために貯め、管理費は貯めません。一戸建てはどちらも払いませんが、屋根・外装・設備・構造のために同等の私的積立を自分で用意する必要があります。これらの費用は時間とともに直接かつ不均等に発生するためです。\n保険と修繕\n融資では通常、建物に十分な火災保険が求められます。地震保険は火災保険に付帯し、保険金額は対応する火災保険金額の概ね30〜50%で、建物5,000万円・家財1,000万円が上限です。完全な再建の保証ではなく、生活再建の支援を目的とします。通常の火災保険は地震による火災を概ね補償しないため、別建ての地震保険を検討します。補償は毎年見直し、融資や代理店のセット提案があっても外部の見積りと比較しましょう。\n賃貸化・民泊・転居・売却\n抵当付きの自宅は、融資の同意と、ローン・税・保険・建築規約の順守があって初めて賃貸に出せます。無許可で投資物件に転用するとローン違反になり得ます。民泊は、国の法・自治体条例・管理規約・融資・保険のすべてが認めて初めて可能です。海外へ転居する場合は、居住条件が対応を求め得るため、融資・保険・税務当局・管理会社に届け出ます。売却時は、仲介・抵当抹消・法務費用・修繕・税が手取りを減らし、適格な自宅の売却は条件付きで最大3,000万円の特別控除を使える場合があります。","url":"/ja/loans/homeownership-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rent-vs-buy-japan-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:rent-vs-buy-japan-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で賃貸か購入か：総合判断","plainText":"想定保有が長く、現金の備えが厚く、物件の流動性が高いなら購入。柔軟性が重要か、数年以内に日本を離れ得るなら賃貸が有利です。\n保有期間・必要現金・柔軟性・売却・維持。単一の答えではなくシナリオで考える枠組み。\n判断を左右するのは、月々の比較より滞在期間と職の安定。\n購入は頭金に加え価格の6〜10%の現金が必要。賃貸はその流動性を残す。\n日本の多くの建物は減価し売却も遅くなり得るため、購入は自動的な資産形成ではない。\n売却額は悲観・中央・楽観で、さらに3年・5年での早期売却も試算する。\n判断を本当に動かすもの\n国によっては購入がほぼ確実に資産形成になりますが、日本はより微妙です。多くの住宅、特に古い木造は減価し、売却のしやすさは立地で大きく異なるため、購入が自動的に投資の勝ちになるわけではありません。土地部分や優良地の物件は挙動が異なります。賃貸は柔軟で、数年で仕事や居住国が変わり得る人には大きな意味があります。まず保有期間と現金の厚さを決め、それから数字を回しましょう。\n単一の答えでなくシナリオで\n有効な賃貸対購入の比較は、賃貸側では月額家賃・更新料・敷金の損失・家賃上昇を、購入側では諸費用・住宅ローン・保有費用・売却額・売却費用・税制メリット・使わなかった現金の運用リターンをモデル化します。単一の損益分岐に頼らず、悲観・中央・楽観の売却額、値上がりゼロ、大規模修繕、3年・5年での早期売却など複数のシナリオを回します。購入が有利になりがちなのは、保有期間が6〜10%の取引コストを吸収できるほど長いときだけです。\n押さえておきたい要点：判断を左右するのは、月々の比較より滞在期間と職の安定。購入は頭金に加え価格の6〜10%の現金が必要。賃貸はその流動性を残す。日本の多くの建物は減価し売却も遅くなり得るため、購入は自動的な資産形成ではない。売却額は悲観・中央・楽観で、さらに3年・5年での早期売却も試算する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/rent-vs-buy-japan-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-rent-vs-buy","faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-homes-depreciate"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:rent-vs-buy-japan","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:property-resale-value"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国土交通省","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_tk5_000085.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"想定保有が長く、現金の備えが厚く、物件の流動性が高いなら購入。柔軟性が重要か、数年以内に日本を離れ得るなら賃貸が有利です。\n保有期間・必要現金・柔軟性・売却・維持。単一の答えではなくシナリオで考える枠組み。\n判断を左右するのは、月々の比較より滞在期間と職の安定。\n購入は頭金に加え価格の6〜10%の現金が必要。賃貸はその流動性を残す。\n日本の多くの建物は減価し売却も遅くなり得るため、購入は自動的な資産形成ではない。\n売却額は悲観・中央・楽観で、さらに3年・5年での早期売却も試算する。\n判断を本当に動かすもの\n国によっては購入がほぼ確実に資産形成になりますが、日本はより微妙です。多くの住宅、特に古い木造は減価し、売却のしやすさは立地で大きく異なるため、購入が自動的に投資の勝ちになるわけではありません。土地部分や優良地の物件は挙動が異なります。賃貸は柔軟で、数年で仕事や居住国が変わり得る人には大きな意味があります。まず保有期間と現金の厚さを決め、それから数字を回しましょう。\n単一の答えでなくシナリオで\n有効な賃貸対購入の比較は、賃貸側では月額家賃・更新料・敷金の損失・家賃上昇を、購入側では諸費用・住宅ローン・保有費用・売却額・売却費用・税制メリット・使わなかった現金の運用リターンをモデル化します。単一の損益分岐に頼らず、悲観・中央・楽観の売却額、値上がりゼロ、大規模修繕、3年・5年での早期売却など複数のシナリオを回します。購入が有利になりがちなのは、保有期間が6〜10%の取引コストを吸収できるほど長いときだけです。\n押さえておきたい要点：判断を左右するのは、月々の比較より滞在期間と職の安定。購入は頭金に加え価格の6〜10%の現金が必要。賃貸はその流動性を残す。日本の多くの建物は減価し売却も遅くなり得るため、購入は自動的な資産形成ではない。売却額は悲観・中央・楽観で、さらに3年・5年での早期売却も試算する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/rent-vs-buy-japan-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-buying-checklist:ja","entityId":"guide:property-buying-checklist","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の不動産購入チェックリスト","plainText":"予算と信用→事前審査と物件探し→買付と重要事項確認→契約と本審査→検査と決済の5段階を進め、その後に税と保険の手続きを済ませます。\n予算から決済までの段階別チェックリスト。資金・調査・契約・検査・購入後の手続きを網羅。\n事前審査と明確な住宅ローン特約の前に買付を出さない。\n重要事項説明は署名直前でなく早めに読む。\n中古は可能なら独立した検査を依頼する。\n決済後は初年度の住宅ローン控除を申告し、瑕疵の期限を控える。\n段階1〜2：予算・信用・事前審査・物件探し\n予算：購入価格の上限、毎月の住居費の上限（ローン＋税・管理費・積立金・保険・駐車場・光熱費・修繕）、決済後に残す最低現金を決めます。信用：CIC・JICCを確認し、新規借入や繰り返しの申込を避け、源泉徴収票や課税証明を集めます。事前審査：仮審査を受け現実的な予算を把握します。物件探し：複数のポータルと仲介を使い、掲載は発見にとどめ、通勤・学校・医療・騒音・再開発・用途地域・傾斜・浸水/土砂/津波/液状化のリスクを国交省の不動産情報ライブラリで評価します。\n段階3〜4：買付・重要事項・契約・本審査\n買付：価格・手付・融資特約・引渡日・付帯設備・検査/リフォームの立入を明確にした買付証明書を出します。重要事項：重要事項説明を早めに入手し、権利・接道・用途地域・災害・インフラ・借地・管理・手付・解除を確認します。契約：売買契約を結び手付金（一般に5〜10%だが必須ではない）を払い、住宅ローン特約と解除権を理解します。本審査：契約・重要事項説明・税と所得の書類・本人確認と住民票・物件書類・保険/健康の告知を提出し本格審査を受けます。\n段階5とその後：検査・決済・購入後\n検査：中古は独立した有資格の検査人に依頼します。金融機関の担保評価は構造検査ではなく、いかなる検査も隠れた瑕疵の不存在を保証しません。決済：残代金を払い、融資実行を受け、鍵と占有を受け取り、司法書士に所有権移転と抵当権設定を登記してもらいます。空き渡し・インフラ・税や費用の按分・想定外の担保がないことを確認します。その後：初年度の住宅ローン控除を含む税手続きを行い、住所変更をし、契約と費用の証拠を保管し、瑕疵の通知期限を控え、修繕積立を始め、保険を毎年見直します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-buying-checklist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-financing-clause","faq:loan-earnest-money-size","faq:loan-inspection-guarantee"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:buying-property-japan","guide:important-matters-explanation","guide:home-inspections","guide:property-closing-registration"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"予算と信用→事前審査と物件探し→買付と重要事項確認→契約と本審査→検査と決済の5段階を進め、その後に税と保険の手続きを済ませます。\n予算から決済までの段階別チェックリスト。資金・調査・契約・検査・購入後の手続きを網羅。\n事前審査と明確な住宅ローン特約の前に買付を出さない。\n重要事項説明は署名直前でなく早めに読む。\n中古は可能なら独立した検査を依頼する。\n決済後は初年度の住宅ローン控除を申告し、瑕疵の期限を控える。\n段階1〜2：予算・信用・事前審査・物件探し\n予算：購入価格の上限、毎月の住居費の上限（ローン＋税・管理費・積立金・保険・駐車場・光熱費・修繕）、決済後に残す最低現金を決めます。信用：CIC・JICCを確認し、新規借入や繰り返しの申込を避け、源泉徴収票や課税証明を集めます。事前審査：仮審査を受け現実的な予算を把握します。物件探し：複数のポータルと仲介を使い、掲載は発見にとどめ、通勤・学校・医療・騒音・再開発・用途地域・傾斜・浸水/土砂/津波/液状化のリスクを国交省の不動産情報ライブラリで評価します。\n段階3〜4：買付・重要事項・契約・本審査\n買付：価格・手付・融資特約・引渡日・付帯設備・検査/リフォームの立入を明確にした買付証明書を出します。重要事項：重要事項説明を早めに入手し、権利・接道・用途地域・災害・インフラ・借地・管理・手付・解除を確認します。契約：売買契約を結び手付金（一般に5〜10%だが必須ではない）を払い、住宅ローン特約と解除権を理解します。本審査：契約・重要事項説明・税と所得の書類・本人確認と住民票・物件書類・保険/健康の告知を提出し本格審査を受けます。\n段階5とその後：検査・決済・購入後\n検査：中古は独立した有資格の検査人に依頼します。金融機関の担保評価は構造検査ではなく、いかなる検査も隠れた瑕疵の不存在を保証しません。決済：残代金を払い、融資実行を受け、鍵と占有を受け取り、司法書士に所有権移転と抵当権設定を登記してもらいます。空き渡し・インフラ・税や費用の按分・想定外の担保がないことを確認します。その後：初年度の住宅ローン控除を含む税手続きを行い、住所変更をし、契約と費用の証拠を保管し、瑕疵の通知期限を控え、修繕積立を始め、保険を毎年見直します。","url":"/ja/loans/property-buying-checklist","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-loans-work:ja","entityId":"guide:how-loans-work","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のローンの仕組み","plainText":"ローンは、残高に利息を付けて期間内に返す元金です。担保付きは低金利の代わりに担保を差し入れ、延滞は損害金・信用毀損・場合により強制執行を招きます。\n元金・利息・期間・返済・担保・債務不履行。あらゆるローンの基本の仕組み。\n利息は残高に対して発生するため、元利均等では初期の返済は利息が大半。\n期間が長いほど毎月の返済は下がるが総利息は通常増える。\n担保（抵当権設定）はローンを保全し、債務不履行は強制執行と売却を招き得る。\n担保の引き渡しでも残債が消えないことがある。\n元金・利息・期間\n元金は利息・手数料を除いた借入額です。利息はそのお金を使う対価で、当初元金にずっとではなく残高に対して名目年率で発生します。借入期間は返済期間で、長いほど毎月の返済は下がりますが総利息は通常増え、上乗せがつくこともあります。いくつかの銀行は、年齢・物件・引受の条件付きで最長50年の期間を認めています。\n返済・担保・債務不履行\n返済予定（償却）は各返済が利息と元金にどう分かれるかです。担保付きローンは担保を差し入れます。住宅ローンでは第一順位の抵当権を登記するため、無担保のカード・消費者ローンより低金利・長期になります。債務不履行では遅延損害金が発生しますが、より深刻なのは信用情報の毀損・残高全額の期限の利益喪失・保証会社の代位弁済・回収、そして最終的な競売で、物件を引き渡しても残債が必ず消えるわけではありません。\n押さえておきたい要点：利息は残高に対して発生するため、元利均等では初期の返済は利息が大半。期間が長いほど毎月の返済は下がるが総利息は通常増える。担保（抵当権設定）はローンを保全し、債務不履行は強制執行と売却を招き得る。担保の引き渡しでも残債が消えないことがある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/how-loans-work","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-principal","faq:loan-what-interest","faq:loan-what-collateral"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:borrowing-guide","guide:interest-rates","guide:collateral-guarantee-companies","guide:late-payments-default"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"ローンは、残高に利息を付けて期間内に返す元金です。担保付きは低金利の代わりに担保を差し入れ、延滞は損害金・信用毀損・場合により強制執行を招きます。\n元金・利息・期間・返済・担保・債務不履行。あらゆるローンの基本の仕組み。\n利息は残高に対して発生するため、元利均等では初期の返済は利息が大半。\n期間が長いほど毎月の返済は下がるが総利息は通常増える。\n担保（抵当権設定）はローンを保全し、債務不履行は強制執行と売却を招き得る。\n担保の引き渡しでも残債が消えないことがある。\n元金・利息・期間\n元金は利息・手数料を除いた借入額です。利息はそのお金を使う対価で、当初元金にずっとではなく残高に対して名目年率で発生します。借入期間は返済期間で、長いほど毎月の返済は下がりますが総利息は通常増え、上乗せがつくこともあります。いくつかの銀行は、年齢・物件・引受の条件付きで最長50年の期間を認めています。\n返済・担保・債務不履行\n返済予定（償却）は各返済が利息と元金にどう分かれるかです。担保付きローンは担保を差し入れます。住宅ローンでは第一順位の抵当権を登記するため、無担保のカード・消費者ローンより低金利・長期になります。債務不履行では遅延損害金が発生しますが、より深刻なのは信用情報の毀損・残高全額の期限の利益喪失・保証会社の代位弁済・回収、そして最終的な競売で、物件を引き渡しても残債が必ず消えるわけではありません。\n押さえておきたい要点：利息は残高に対して発生するため、元利均等では初期の返済は利息が大半。期間が長いほど毎月の返済は下がるが総利息は通常増える。担保（抵当権設定）はローンを保全し、債務不履行は強制執行と売却を招き得る。担保の引き渡しでも残債が消えないことがある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/how-loans-work","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:interest-rates:ja","entityId":"guide:interest-rates","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のローン金利を理解する","plainText":"広告金利は通常、基準金利から承認された優遇幅を引いたものです。その優遇が永続か、金利がどう見直されるかは、数字そのものと同じくらい重要です。\n名目金利・実効コスト・基準金利・優遇金利、そして金利がいつどう変わるか。\n基準金利は貸し手の出発点、優遇金利はそこから承認された引下げを引いたもの。\n優遇幅は全期間永続の場合と条件付きの場合がある。どちらか確認する。\n変動金利は半年ごとの見直しが一般的だが契約により異なる。\n日本はゼロ金利期を脱した。2026年にプライムレートが上がり、さらなる変更も予告済み。\n基準金利と優遇金利\n貸し手は基準金利（店頭金利）を公表し、承認された優遇幅を適用してあなたの適用金利（優遇金利）を作ります。同じ銀行の二人でも優遇幅が違えば金利は大きく異なります。重要なのは、その優遇が全期間固定か、特定の口座やサービスの維持を条件とするかを尋ねることです。消え得る優遇は、魅力的な金利を不確かなものに変えます。\n金利はいつどう変わるか\n固定金利は全期間または当初期間固定、変動金利は定期的に見直され、一般に半年ごとに再計算され、返済額は即時に変わるか、契約により5年ルール・125%ルールの下で変わります。これらの返済ルールは変更の時期や幅を制限しますが、利息の発生を止めず金利リスクも消しません。使わない貸し手もあるので契約を読みましょう。日本はゼロ金利期を脱した（2026年半ばの日銀目標は約1.0%でプライムも上昇）ため、変動の借り手は提示金利＋1・2・3%での返済額を試算すべきです。\n押さえておきたい要点：基準金利は貸し手の出発点、優遇金利はそこから承認された引下げを引いたもの。優遇幅は全期間永続の場合と条件付きの場合がある。どちらか確認する。変動金利は半年ごとの見直しが一般的だが契約により異なる。日本はゼロ金利期を脱した。2026年にプライムレートが上がり、さらなる変更も予告済み。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/interest-rates","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-base-rate","faq:loan-what-preferential","faq:loan-discount-disappear","faq:loan-variable-change-frequency"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","guide:mortgage-rates"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/statistics/market/short/mutan/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"広告金利は通常、基準金利から承認された優遇幅を引いたものです。その優遇が永続か、金利がどう見直されるかは、数字そのものと同じくらい重要です。\n名目金利・実効コスト・基準金利・優遇金利、そして金利がいつどう変わるか。\n基準金利は貸し手の出発点、優遇金利はそこから承認された引下げを引いたもの。\n優遇幅は全期間永続の場合と条件付きの場合がある。どちらか確認する。\n変動金利は半年ごとの見直しが一般的だが契約により異なる。\n日本はゼロ金利期を脱した。2026年にプライムレートが上がり、さらなる変更も予告済み。\n基準金利と優遇金利\n貸し手は基準金利（店頭金利）を公表し、承認された優遇幅を適用してあなたの適用金利（優遇金利）を作ります。同じ銀行の二人でも優遇幅が違えば金利は大きく異なります。重要なのは、その優遇が全期間固定か、特定の口座やサービスの維持を条件とするかを尋ねることです。消え得る優遇は、魅力的な金利を不確かなものに変えます。\n金利はいつどう変わるか\n固定金利は全期間または当初期間固定、変動金利は定期的に見直され、一般に半年ごとに再計算され、返済額は即時に変わるか、契約により5年ルール・125%ルールの下で変わります。これらの返済ルールは変更の時期や幅を制限しますが、利息の発生を止めず金利リスクも消しません。使わない貸し手もあるので契約を読みましょう。日本はゼロ金利期を脱した（2026年半ばの日銀目標は約1.0%でプライムも上昇）ため、変動の借り手は提示金利＋1・2・3%での返済額を試算すべきです。\n押さえておきたい要点：基準金利は貸し手の出発点、優遇金利はそこから承認された引下げを引いたもの。優遇幅は全期間永続の場合と条件付きの場合がある。どちらか確認する。変動金利は半年ごとの見直しが一般的だが契約により異なる。日本はゼロ金利期を脱した。2026年にプライムレートが上がり、さらなる変更も予告済み。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/interest-rates","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"実質年率と日本の住宅ローンの本当のコスト","plainText":"日本の住宅ローン広告は名目金利を強調し手数料は別記するため、実行金利・2.2%の事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・想定保有期間から実効コストを自分で計算する必要があります。\n表面金利では不十分な理由：事務手数料・保険・登記・保有期間。\n日本に単一の標準化された総費用APR表示はなく、実効コストは自分で作る。\n5,000万円の融資に2.20%の事務手数料は、他費用前で110万円。\n保有期間が短ければ、名目上低い金利のほうが高くつくことがある。\n登記・司法書士報酬・保険・繰上返済手数料を含める。\n表面金利が不十分な理由\n国際的にはAPRは利息と所定の手数料を一つの年率化した借入コストにまとめます。日本の住宅ローン広告は普遍的に比較できる総費用APRではなく、名目年率を強調し手数料を別記するのが一般的です。実際、確認した各行のページも金利と2.20%の事務手数料を別々に記しています。公平に比較するには、実行金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登録免許税・司法書士報酬、そして決定的に想定保有期間を使って実効コストを計算する必要があります。\n総費用ワークシート\n合計します：想定保有期間の利息、事務手数料（多くは2.20%＝5,000万円で110万円）または保証料、団信と特約、鑑定、登録免許税、司法書士報酬、優遇維持に必要な口座条件、繰上返済手数料。そこから頭金の機会費用を差し引きます。同じ金利の二つのローンでも、手数料を数えると100万円以上差が出ることがあり、手数料の大きい低金利ローンは、数年で売却・借換を見込む借り手には不向きです。\n押さえておきたい要点：日本に単一の標準化された総費用APR表示はなく、実効コストは自分で作る。5,000万円の融資に2.20%の事務手数料は、他費用前で110万円。保有期間が短ければ、名目上低い金利のほうが高くつくことがある。登記・司法書士報酬・保険・繰上返済手数料を含める。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-apr-total-cost","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-apr","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-total-cost"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-fees","guide:read-mortgage-quote","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"日本の住宅ローン広告は名目金利を強調し手数料は別記するため、実行金利・2.2%の事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・想定保有期間から実効コストを自分で計算する必要があります。\n表面金利では不十分な理由：事務手数料・保険・登記・保有期間。\n日本に単一の標準化された総費用APR表示はなく、実効コストは自分で作る。\n5,000万円の融資に2.20%の事務手数料は、他費用前で110万円。\n保有期間が短ければ、名目上低い金利のほうが高くつくことがある。\n登記・司法書士報酬・保険・繰上返済手数料を含める。\n表面金利が不十分な理由\n国際的にはAPRは利息と所定の手数料を一つの年率化した借入コストにまとめます。日本の住宅ローン広告は普遍的に比較できる総費用APRではなく、名目年率を強調し手数料を別記するのが一般的です。実際、確認した各行のページも金利と2.20%の事務手数料を別々に記しています。公平に比較するには、実行金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登録免許税・司法書士報酬、そして決定的に想定保有期間を使って実効コストを計算する必要があります。\n総費用ワークシート\n合計します：想定保有期間の利息、事務手数料（多くは2.20%＝5,000万円で110万円）または保証料、団信と特約、鑑定、登録免許税、司法書士報酬、優遇維持に必要な口座条件、繰上返済手数料。そこから頭金の機会費用を差し引きます。同じ金利の二つのローンでも、手数料を数えると100万円以上差が出ることがあり、手数料の大きい低金利ローンは、数年で売却・借換を見込む借り手には不向きです。\n押さえておきたい要点：日本に単一の標準化された総費用APR表示はなく、実効コストは自分で作る。5,000万円の融資に2.20%の事務手数料は、他費用前で110万円。保有期間が短ければ、名目上低い金利のほうが高くつくことがある。登記・司法書士報酬・保険・繰上返済手数料を含める。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-apr-total-cost","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained:ja","entityId":"guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"固定金利と変動金利の解説","plainText":"固定は今は高いが金利リスクを取り除き、変動は今は安いがそのリスクをあなたに移します。2〜3%の上昇を売らずに吸収できる場合のみ変動を選びましょう。\n固定・変動・固定期間選択・見直し・金利リスク。各構造が返済額に与える影響。\n固定（フラット35を含む）は金利を固定。10年固定選択型は10年後に見直し。\n変動は定期的に見直され、上昇は家計が負担する。\n当初金利でしか返済できない借り手は、そのローンを安全には負担できない。\nミックス型はリスクを分けるが複雑さと二組の前提が増える。\n4つの構造\n全期間固定（フラット35を含む）は全期間一定です。固定期間選択型（例：10年固定）は当初期間だけ固定し、その後は当時の金利と契約上の優遇で見直されます。10年固定は35年全期間固定ではありません。変動金利は定期的（一般に半年ごと）に見直されます。ミックス型は借入を変動と固定に分け、集中を減らしますが、二組の前提を管理する必要があります。\n金利リスクとストレステスト\n変動金利は今や本気のストレステストが必要です。当初金利でしか返済できない家計は、そのローンを安全には負担できません。2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる場合のみ変動を選び、＋1・＋2・＋3%での返済額を試算し、ストレス下の住居費が手取りの堅実な割合に収まるか確認します。固定は所定の金利リスクを取り除きますが、収入・物件・インフレ・人生のリスクは消さないため「無リスク」ではありません。\n押さえておきたい要点：固定（フラット35を含む）は金利を固定。10年固定選択型は10年後に見直し。変動は定期的に見直され、上昇は家計が負担する。当初金利でしか返済できない借り手は、そのローンを安全には負担できない。ミックス型はリスクを分けるが複雑さと二組の前提が増える。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/fixed-variable-interest-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-fixed","faq:loan-what-variable","faq:loan-fixed-risk-free","faq:loan-unpaid-interest"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","guide:five-year-125-percent-rule","guide:variable-rate-mortgages","guide:fixed-rate-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Resona Bank","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"固定は今は高いが金利リスクを取り除き、変動は今は安いがそのリスクをあなたに移します。2〜3%の上昇を売らずに吸収できる場合のみ変動を選びましょう。\n固定・変動・固定期間選択・見直し・金利リスク。各構造が返済額に与える影響。\n固定（フラット35を含む）は金利を固定。10年固定選択型は10年後に見直し。\n変動は定期的に見直され、上昇は家計が負担する。\n当初金利でしか返済できない借り手は、そのローンを安全には負担できない。\nミックス型はリスクを分けるが複雑さと二組の前提が増える。\n4つの構造\n全期間固定（フラット35を含む）は全期間一定です。固定期間選択型（例：10年固定）は当初期間だけ固定し、その後は当時の金利と契約上の優遇で見直されます。10年固定は35年全期間固定ではありません。変動金利は定期的（一般に半年ごと）に見直されます。ミックス型は借入を変動と固定に分け、集中を減らしますが、二組の前提を管理する必要があります。\n金利リスクとストレステスト\n変動金利は今や本気のストレステストが必要です。当初金利でしか返済できない家計は、そのローンを安全には負担できません。2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる場合のみ変動を選び、＋1・＋2・＋3%での返済額を試算し、ストレス下の住居費が手取りの堅実な割合に収まるか確認します。固定は所定の金利リスクを取り除きますが、収入・物件・インフレ・人生のリスクは消さないため「無リスク」ではありません。\n押さえておきたい要点：固定（フラット35を含む）は金利を固定。10年固定選択型は10年後に見直し。変動は定期的に見直され、上昇は家計が負担する。当初金利でしか返済できない借り手は、そのローンを安全には負担できない。ミックス型はリスクを分けるが複雑さと二組の前提が増える。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/fixed-variable-interest-explained","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-amortization:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-amortization","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローンの返済と償却の仕組み","plainText":"元利均等は返済額を一定に保ち初期は利息が大半、元金均等は毎月同じ元金を返し、高く始まりますが総利息は少なくなります。\n元利均等と元金均等、利息の配分、期間が総利息をどう変えるか。\n元利均等では初期は残高が最大なので返済の大半が利息。\n元金均等は高く始まり下がり総利息を抑えるが、全行が扱うわけではない。\n1〜2%の金利差も35年では大きくなる。\n期間が長いほど毎月は下がるが総利息は増える。\n元利均等と元金均等\n元利均等返済は返済額を（金利や返済の見直しまで）一定に保ちますが、元金部分は時間とともに増え、初期は利息が大半です。元金均等返済は毎月同じ元金を返すため、返済額は高く始まり下がり、同条件の元利均等より総利息を抑えます。全行が扱うわけではありません。元利均等は初期の資金繰りを楽にし、元金均等は初期の高い返済を負担できる人に利息の節約をもたらします。\n金利と期間が効く理由\n5,000万円・35年・元利均等の全額償却ローンでは、毎月の返済額と総利息は金利とともに急に増えます。0.945%で月約139,900円・総利息約874万円、1.50%で約153,100円・1,430万円、2.00%で約165,600円・1,957万円、2.50%で約178,700円・2,507万円、3.29%で約200,600円・3,426万円、4.00%で約221,400円・4,298万円です。手数料や返済ルールの影響は除きますが、「わずか」1〜2%の差が数十年で金額として大きくなること、そして期間を延ばすと毎月は下がっても総利息は増えることを示します。\n押さえておきたい要点：元利均等では初期は残高が最大なので返済の大半が利息。元金均等は高く始まり下がり総利息を抑えるが、全行が扱うわけではない。1〜2%の金利差も35年では大きくなる。期間が長いほど毎月は下がるが総利息は増える。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-amortization","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-amortization","faq:loan-level-principal-interest","faq:loan-level-principal"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:repayment-method-comparison","guide:interest-rates","guide:early-repayment"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"元利均等は返済額を一定に保ち初期は利息が大半、元金均等は毎月同じ元金を返し、高く始まりますが総利息は少なくなります。\n元利均等と元金均等、利息の配分、期間が総利息をどう変えるか。\n元利均等では初期は残高が最大なので返済の大半が利息。\n元金均等は高く始まり下がり総利息を抑えるが、全行が扱うわけではない。\n1〜2%の金利差も35年では大きくなる。\n期間が長いほど毎月は下がるが総利息は増える。\n元利均等と元金均等\n元利均等返済は返済額を（金利や返済の見直しまで）一定に保ちますが、元金部分は時間とともに増え、初期は利息が大半です。元金均等返済は毎月同じ元金を返すため、返済額は高く始まり下がり、同条件の元利均等より総利息を抑えます。全行が扱うわけではありません。元利均等は初期の資金繰りを楽にし、元金均等は初期の高い返済を負担できる人に利息の節約をもたらします。\n金利と期間が効く理由\n5,000万円・35年・元利均等の全額償却ローンでは、毎月の返済額と総利息は金利とともに急に増えます。0.945%で月約139,900円・総利息約874万円、1.50%で約153,100円・1,430万円、2.00%で約165,600円・1,957万円、2.50%で約178,700円・2,507万円、3.29%で約200,600円・3,426万円、4.00%で約221,400円・4,298万円です。手数料や返済ルールの影響は除きますが、「わずか」1〜2%の差が数十年で金額として大きくなること、そして期間を延ばすと毎月は下がっても総利息は増えることを示します。\n押さえておきたい要点：元利均等では初期は残高が最大なので返済の大半が利息。元金均等は高く始まり下がり総利息を抑えるが、全行が扱うわけではない。1〜2%の金利差も35年では大きくなる。期間が長いほど毎月は下がるが総利息は増える。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-amortization","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:five-year-125-percent-rule:ja","entityId":"guide:five-year-125-percent-rule","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の5年ルールと125%ルール","plainText":"5年ルールは返済額の再計算を遅らせ、125%ルールは見直し時の増加を125%までに抑えます。ただしどちらも金利に上限を設けず利息の発生も止めず、使わない貸し手もあります。\nルールが何をして何をしないか、未払利息のリスク、貸し手ごとの違い。\n5年ルールは金利が上がっても一定期間は返済額を据え置く。\n125%ルールは見直し時の返済額の増加を従前の125%までに抑える。\nどちらも金利に上限を設けず利息の発生も止めない。\n利息が予定返済額を超えると、未払利息が積み上がり得る。\nルールがすることとしないこと\n一部の変動ローンでは、金利が半年ごとに見直されても返済額は5年ごとにしか再計算されず（5年ルール）、再計算時の増加は従前の125%までに制限されます（125%ルール）。これらは変更の時期と幅を制限し、ショックを和らげます。しかし金利に上限を設けず、利息の発生を止めず、負債総額を減らしもしません。これらを一切使わない貸し手もいるため、適用を仮定せず実際の契約を読みましょう。\n未払利息のリスク\n危険は分かりにくいものです。金利が十分に上がり、発生する利息が上限付きの返済額を超えると、その不足分が未払利息となり元金の上に積み上がり得ます。返済額は安定して見えても負債は静かに増え、緩和期間の終わりに大きく再計算された返済額や残債が現れ得ます。だからこそ変動の借り手は、5年・125%ルールを金利上昇への保護と見なさず、高い金利でストレステストを行い、備えを持つべきです。\n押さえておきたい要点：5年ルールは金利が上がっても一定期間は返済額を据え置く。125%ルールは見直し時の返済額の増加を従前の125%までに抑える。どちらも金利に上限を設けず利息の発生も止めない。利息が予定返済額を超えると、未払利息が積み上がり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/five-year-125-percent-rule","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-five-year-rule","faq:loan-125-rule","faq:loan-all-variable-rules","faq:loan-unpaid-interest"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:variable-rate-mortgages","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Resona Bank","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"5年ルールは返済額の再計算を遅らせ、125%ルールは見直し時の増加を125%までに抑えます。ただしどちらも金利に上限を設けず利息の発生も止めず、使わない貸し手もあります。\nルールが何をして何をしないか、未払利息のリスク、貸し手ごとの違い。\n5年ルールは金利が上がっても一定期間は返済額を据え置く。\n125%ルールは見直し時の返済額の増加を従前の125%までに抑える。\nどちらも金利に上限を設けず利息の発生も止めない。\n利息が予定返済額を超えると、未払利息が積み上がり得る。\nルールがすることとしないこと\n一部の変動ローンでは、金利が半年ごとに見直されても返済額は5年ごとにしか再計算されず（5年ルール）、再計算時の増加は従前の125%までに制限されます（125%ルール）。これらは変更の時期と幅を制限し、ショックを和らげます。しかし金利に上限を設けず、利息の発生を止めず、負債総額を減らしもしません。これらを一切使わない貸し手もいるため、適用を仮定せず実際の契約を読みましょう。\n未払利息のリスク\n危険は分かりにくいものです。金利が十分に上がり、発生する利息が上限付きの返済額を超えると、その不足分が未払利息となり元金の上に積み上がり得ます。返済額は安定して見えても負債は静かに増え、緩和期間の終わりに大きく再計算された返済額や残債が現れ得ます。だからこそ変動の借り手は、5年・125%ルールを金利上昇への保護と見なさず、高い金利でストレステストを行い、備えを持つべきです。\n押さえておきたい要点：5年ルールは金利が上がっても一定期間は返済額を据え置く。125%ルールは見直し時の返済額の増加を従前の125%までに抑える。どちらも金利に上限を設けず利息の発生も止めない。利息が予定返済額を超えると、未払利息が積み上がり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/five-year-125-percent-rule","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:loan-to-value-down-payment:ja","entityId":"guide:loan-to-value-down-payment","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"LTV（融資比率）と頭金","plainText":"LTVは融資額÷金融機関が認める物件評価です。LTVが低い（頭金が多い）ほど条件と承認が良くなりがちで、フルローンはレバレッジと担保割れのリスクを高めます。\nLTVの計算、80%・90%の閾値、フルローンのリスク、担保評価。\nLTV＝融資額÷金融機関が認める物件評価（または価格）。\n多くの銀行はLTV80%以下で条件が良く、80%超で上乗せする銀行もある。\nフルローンや100%超融資は担保割れを招き、諸費用や修繕の現金が残らないことがある。\n金融機関が認める評価額は購入価格を下回ることがある。\nLTVの仕組み\nLTVは融資額を金融機関が認める物件評価または価格で割ったものです。認められる評価は合意した価格を下回り得るため、実効LTVは想定より高くなることがあります。多くの銀行はLTV80%以下で最良の条件を出し、それを超えると上乗せします。例えばau Jibun Bankは80%超で0.045%を加えます。頭金を増やすとLTVが下がり、金利も承認確率も概ね良くなります。\nフルローンのリスク\n諸費用を含めて価格の90%・100%、さらに100%超を融資するローンもありますが、レバレッジとリスクが上がります。自己資本がほとんどないと、市場価値が下がったり減価したりすると買主はすぐに担保割れに陥り、諸費用・修繕・緊急時の現金が残らないことがあります。堅実な買主はすべてを借りず、頭金と、6〜10%の諸費用に充てる別枠の備えを持ちます。\n押さえておきたい要点：LTV＝融資額÷金融機関が認める物件評価（または価格）。多くの銀行はLTV80%以下で条件が良く、80%超で上乗せする銀行もある。フルローンや100%超融資は担保割れを招き、諸費用や修繕の現金が残らないことがある。金融機関が認める評価額は購入価格を下回ることがある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/loan-to-value-down-payment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-how-much-down","faq:loan-zero-down-safe","faq:loan-what-ltv","faq:loan-ltv-over-100"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:down-payment-comparison","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:mortgage-rates"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"LTVは融資額÷金融機関が認める物件評価です。LTVが低い（頭金が多い）ほど条件と承認が良くなりがちで、フルローンはレバレッジと担保割れのリスクを高めます。\nLTVの計算、80%・90%の閾値、フルローンのリスク、担保評価。\nLTV＝融資額÷金融機関が認める物件評価（または価格）。\n多くの銀行はLTV80%以下で条件が良く、80%超で上乗せする銀行もある。\nフルローンや100%超融資は担保割れを招き、諸費用や修繕の現金が残らないことがある。\n金融機関が認める評価額は購入価格を下回ることがある。\nLTVの仕組み\nLTVは融資額を金融機関が認める物件評価または価格で割ったものです。認められる評価は合意した価格を下回り得るため、実効LTVは想定より高くなることがあります。多くの銀行はLTV80%以下で最良の条件を出し、それを超えると上乗せします。例えばau Jibun Bankは80%超で0.045%を加えます。頭金を増やすとLTVが下がり、金利も承認確率も概ね良くなります。\nフルローンのリスク\n諸費用を含めて価格の90%・100%、さらに100%超を融資するローンもありますが、レバレッジとリスクが上がります。自己資本がほとんどないと、市場価値が下がったり減価したりすると買主はすぐに担保割れに陥り、諸費用・修繕・緊急時の現金が残らないことがあります。堅実な買主はすべてを借りず、頭金と、6〜10%の諸費用に充てる別枠の備えを持ちます。\n押さえておきたい要点：LTV＝融資額÷金融機関が認める物件評価（または価格）。多くの銀行はLTV80%以下で条件が良く、80%超で上乗せする銀行もある。フルローンや100%超融資は担保割れを招き、諸費用や修繕の現金が残らないことがある。金融機関が認める評価額は購入価格を下回ることがある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/loan-to-value-down-payment","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:debt-to-income-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:debt-to-income-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"返済負担率と住宅ローンの返済能力","plainText":"返済負担率は年間返済額÷審査対象所得です。フラット35は概ね年収400万円未満で30%、以上で35%までですが、銀行の上限は家計の適切な目標ではありません。\n返済負担率・審査対象所得、そして家計の余裕と銀行の上限。\n返済負担率＝年間返済額÷審査対象の年収。\nフラット35：年収400万円未満で30%以下、400万円以上で35%以下が一般的。\n比率は住宅ローンだけでなく全債務を数える。自動車ローンやカード枠が余裕を減らす。\n税・育児・年金・維持費・金利上昇を考えると、低い比率のほうが安全。\n返済負担率\n返済負担率は通常、年間返済額を審査対象の年収で割ったもので、新しい住宅ローンに加え自動車ローン・カードローンの最低返済など全債務を数えます。フラット35の基準は概ね、年収400万円未満で総返済負担率30%以下、400万円以上で35%以下を認めます。自営や変動収入の審査対象所得はしばしば正規化された低めの数字で、既存の債務はそのまま承認される住宅ローン額を減らします。\n銀行の上限と適切な目標\n銀行の上限は家計への推奨ではありません。公表された比率は引受の天井で、堅実な家計は所得税・住民税・国民年金・国民健康保険・育児・継続的な維持費・変動ローンの金利上昇の可能性を考慮し、通常はより低い比率を目標にします。承認上限まで借りると金利上昇や人生の変化に対する余裕が残らないため、返済能力は銀行の天井ではなく、自分のストレスをかけた家計で判断しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：返済負担率＝年間返済額÷審査対象の年収。フラット35：年収400万円未満で30%以下、400万円以上で35%以下が一般的。比率は住宅ローンだけでなく全債務を数える。自動車ローンやカード枠が余裕を減らす。税・育児・年金・維持費・金利上昇を考えると、低い比率のほうが安全。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/debt-to-income-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-dti","faq:loan-flat35-ratios","faq:loan-borrow-maximum"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:property-budget","guide:debt-before-mortgage","guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/user/simulation/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"返済負担率は年間返済額÷審査対象所得です。フラット35は概ね年収400万円未満で30%、以上で35%までですが、銀行の上限は家計の適切な目標ではありません。\n返済負担率・審査対象所得、そして家計の余裕と銀行の上限。\n返済負担率＝年間返済額÷審査対象の年収。\nフラット35：年収400万円未満で30%以下、400万円以上で35%以下が一般的。\n比率は住宅ローンだけでなく全債務を数える。自動車ローンやカード枠が余裕を減らす。\n税・育児・年金・維持費・金利上昇を考えると、低い比率のほうが安全。\n返済負担率\n返済負担率は通常、年間返済額を審査対象の年収で割ったもので、新しい住宅ローンに加え自動車ローン・カードローンの最低返済など全債務を数えます。フラット35の基準は概ね、年収400万円未満で総返済負担率30%以下、400万円以上で35%以下を認めます。自営や変動収入の審査対象所得はしばしば正規化された低めの数字で、既存の債務はそのまま承認される住宅ローン額を減らします。\n銀行の上限と適切な目標\n銀行の上限は家計への推奨ではありません。公表された比率は引受の天井で、堅実な家計は所得税・住民税・国民年金・国民健康保険・育児・継続的な維持費・変動ローンの金利上昇の可能性を考慮し、通常はより低い比率を目標にします。承認上限まで借りると金利上昇や人生の変化に対する余裕が残らないため、返済能力は銀行の天井ではなく、自分のストレスをかけた家計で判断しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：返済負担率＝年間返済額÷審査対象の年収。フラット35：年収400万円未満で30%以下、400万円以上で35%以下が一般的。比率は住宅ローンだけでなく全債務を数える。自動車ローンやカード枠が余裕を減らす。税・育児・年金・維持費・金利上昇を考えると、低い比率のほうが安全。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/debt-to-income-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:preapproval-final-approval:ja","entityId":"guide:preapproval-final-approval","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローンの事前審査と本審査","plainText":"事前審査は申告情報による予備審査で融資の約束ではありません。本審査は申込者と物件の本格的な引受で、書類・担保評価・保険・雇用・債務・物件の適格性が変わればなお否決され得ます。\n各段階が何を確認するか、有効期限、物件審査、承認がなお失敗し得る理由。\n事前審査は申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件を確認するが約束ではない。\n本審査は詳細書類と物件確認後の本格的な引受。\n書類の相違・担保評価の弱さ・保険不承認があれば、事前審査後でも否決され得る。\n買付前に事前審査を取り、決済まで転職や新規借入を避ける。\n2つの段階、2つの目的\n事前審査（仮審査）は、申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件情報による初期審査です。現実的な予算を与え素早く動けるようにしますが、融資の約束ではありません。本審査は、詳細書類の提出と物件確認の後の本格的な引受で、売買契約・重要事項説明・税と所得の書類・本人確認と住民票・物件書類・保険/健康の告知がここで問われます。\n本審査がなお失敗する理由\n申告と書類が異なる、担保評価が低く出る、健康上の理由で団信に加入できない、雇用が変わる、新規債務が現れる、物件が不適格（借地条件・床面積・適法性・再建築可否など）と判明する、といった場合、事前審査後でも承認が失敗・変更され得ます。身を守るには、買付前に事前審査を取り、住宅ローン特約を丁寧に取り決め、事前審査から決済までの間に転職・新規借入・大きな買い物などの重大な変化を避けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：事前審査は申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件を確認するが約束ではない。本審査は詳細書類と物件確認後の本格的な引受。書類の相違・担保評価の弱さ・保険不承認があれば、事前審査後でも否決され得る。買付前に事前審査を取り、決済まで転職や新規借入を避ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/preapproval-final-approval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-preapproval","faq:loan-what-final-approval","faq:loan-approval-fail","faq:loan-change-jobs"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-preapproval","guide:mortgage-financing-clause","guide:employment-mortgage-approval"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"事前審査は申告情報による予備審査で融資の約束ではありません。本審査は申込者と物件の本格的な引受で、書類・担保評価・保険・雇用・債務・物件の適格性が変わればなお否決され得ます。\n各段階が何を確認するか、有効期限、物件審査、承認がなお失敗し得る理由。\n事前審査は申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件を確認するが約束ではない。\n本審査は詳細書類と物件確認後の本格的な引受。\n書類の相違・担保評価の弱さ・保険不承認があれば、事前審査後でも否決され得る。\n買付前に事前審査を取り、決済まで転職や新規借入を避ける。\n2つの段階、2つの目的\n事前審査（仮審査）は、申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件情報による初期審査です。現実的な予算を与え素早く動けるようにしますが、融資の約束ではありません。本審査は、詳細書類の提出と物件確認の後の本格的な引受で、売買契約・重要事項説明・税と所得の書類・本人確認と住民票・物件書類・保険/健康の告知がここで問われます。\n本審査がなお失敗する理由\n申告と書類が異なる、担保評価が低く出る、健康上の理由で団信に加入できない、雇用が変わる、新規債務が現れる、物件が不適格（借地条件・床面積・適法性・再建築可否など）と判明する、といった場合、事前審査後でも承認が失敗・変更され得ます。身を守るには、買付前に事前審査を取り、住宅ローン特約を丁寧に取り決め、事前審査から決済までの間に転職・新規借入・大きな買い物などの重大な変化を避けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：事前審査は申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件を確認するが約束ではない。本審査は詳細書類と物件確認後の本格的な引受。書類の相違・担保評価の弱さ・保険不承認があれば、事前審査後でも否決され得る。買付前に事前審査を取り、決済まで転職や新規借入を避ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/preapproval-final-approval","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:collateral-guarantee-companies:ja","entityId":"guide:collateral-guarantee-companies","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"担保・抵当権設定・保証会社","plainText":"住宅ローンでは第一順位の抵当権を登記します。保証会社は債務不履行時に銀行へ代位弁済し得ますが、その後はあなたが保証会社に負い、連帯保証人は広範な責任を負います。\n抵当権登記・保証会社の役割・保証人・債務不履行の帰結。\n貸し手は物件に第一順位の抵当権を登記する。\n保証会社は審査し、債務不履行時に銀行へ代位弁済し得るが、その後はあなたが保証会社に負う。\n代位弁済で債務は消えない。請求権は保証会社に移る。\n連帯保証人は人物保証ではない。責任は広範になり得る。\n担保と抵当権設定\n担保はローンを保全する資産です。住宅ローンでは物件に第一順位の抵当権を登記し、これが担保付き融資の低金利と長期を可能にします。債務不履行では執行により売却に至り得、物件を引き渡しても残債が必ず消えるわけではありません。売却代金と残高の差額（不足分）をなお負い得ます。\n保証会社と連帯保証人\n保証会社は審査のうえ、貸し手への返済を保証します。あなたの債務不履行で銀行へ代位弁済しても債務は消えず、請求権は原則保証会社に移り、以後あなたを追及します。「保証料なし」の商品は代わりに事務手数料率を上げたり金利に費用を織り込んだりするため、総額で比較しましょう。連帯保証人は保証条件の下で責任を負う人で、単なる人物保証ではなく責任は広範になり得、安易に引き受けるべきではありません。\n押さえておきたい要点：貸し手は物件に第一順位の抵当権を登記する。保証会社は審査し、債務不履行時に銀行へ代位弁済し得るが、その後はあなたが保証会社に負う。代位弁済で債務は消えない。請求権は保証会社に移る。連帯保証人は人物保証ではない。責任は広範になり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/collateral-guarantee-companies","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-collateral","faq:loan-what-mortgage-registration","faq:loan-what-guarantee-company","faq:loan-guarantee-erase-debt"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-fees","guide:how-loans-work","guide:late-payments-default"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人 全国銀行協会","url":"https://www.zenginkyo.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"住宅ローンでは第一順位の抵当権を登記します。保証会社は債務不履行時に銀行へ代位弁済し得ますが、その後はあなたが保証会社に負い、連帯保証人は広範な責任を負います。\n抵当権登記・保証会社の役割・保証人・債務不履行の帰結。\n貸し手は物件に第一順位の抵当権を登記する。\n保証会社は審査し、債務不履行時に銀行へ代位弁済し得るが、その後はあなたが保証会社に負う。\n代位弁済で債務は消えない。請求権は保証会社に移る。\n連帯保証人は人物保証ではない。責任は広範になり得る。\n担保と抵当権設定\n担保はローンを保全する資産です。住宅ローンでは物件に第一順位の抵当権を登記し、これが担保付き融資の低金利と長期を可能にします。債務不履行では執行により売却に至り得、物件を引き渡しても残債が必ず消えるわけではありません。売却代金と残高の差額（不足分）をなお負い得ます。\n保証会社と連帯保証人\n保証会社は審査のうえ、貸し手への返済を保証します。あなたの債務不履行で銀行へ代位弁済しても債務は消えず、請求権は原則保証会社に移り、以後あなたを追及します。「保証料なし」の商品は代わりに事務手数料率を上げたり金利に費用を織り込んだりするため、総額で比較しましょう。連帯保証人は保証条件の下で責任を負う人で、単なる人物保証ではなく責任は広範になり得、安易に引き受けるべきではありません。\n押さえておきたい要点：貸し手は物件に第一順位の抵当権を登記する。保証会社は審査し、債務不履行時に銀行へ代位弁済し得るが、その後はあなたが保証会社に負う。代位弁済で債務は消えない。請求権は保証会社に移る。連帯保証人は人物保証ではない。責任は広範になり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/collateral-guarantee-companies","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:early-repayment:ja","entityId":"guide:early-repayment","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の住宅ローンの繰上返済","plainText":"元金を多く返すと利息が減り、通常は期間短縮のほうが返済額軽減より節約になりますが、緊急資金を残し、取り返せない繰上返済の前に住宅ローン控除も勘案しましょう。\n期間短縮と返済額軽減、手数料、緊急資金とのトレードオフ。\n通常、期間短縮のほうが返済額軽減より利息の節約になる（他条件が同じ場合）。\nオンラインの繰上返済は無料が多いが、方法や手数料は貸し手により異なる。\n繰上返済の前に緊急資金を残す。繰上返済は取り消しにくい。\n年末残高に基づく住宅ローン控除は、大きな繰上返済で減ることがある。\n期間短縮と返済額軽減\n繰上返済は、予定より早く元金を多く返すことです。適用は二通りで、期間短縮は毎月の返済額を保ったまま期間を縮め、返済額軽減は期間を保ったまま毎月の返済額を下げます。他条件が同じなら、利息負担の大きい後半の年を取り除くため、通常は期間短縮のほうが利息の節約になります。多くの貸し手はオンラインで一部繰上返済を無料でできますが、方法・最低額・手数料は異なるため契約条件を確認しましょう。\n流動性と税のトレードオフ\n繰上返済はほぼ取り返せません。現金をローンに入れると簡単には戻せません。大きな繰上返済の前に、一般に数か月分の生活費＋物件固有の修繕積立という緊急資金を残しましょう。年末のローン残高に基づく住宅ローン控除も勘案します。繰上返済は残高を減らし、控除適用年の控除を減らし得ます。判断は、節約できる利息と、流動性の価値・失う控除とを比較することです。\n押さえておきたい要点：通常、期間短縮のほうが返済額軽減より利息の節約になる（他条件が同じ場合）。オンラインの繰上返済は無料が多いが、方法や手数料は貸し手により異なる。繰上返済の前に緊急資金を残す。繰上返済は取り消しにくい。年末残高に基づく住宅ローン控除は、大きな繰上返済で減ることがある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/early-repayment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-early-repayment","faq:loan-early-always-best","faq:loan-term-vs-payment-reduction","faq:loan-online-early-free"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-amortization","guide:mortgage-tax-deduction"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"元金を多く返すと利息が減り、通常は期間短縮のほうが返済額軽減より節約になりますが、緊急資金を残し、取り返せない繰上返済の前に住宅ローン控除も勘案しましょう。\n期間短縮と返済額軽減、手数料、緊急資金とのトレードオフ。\n通常、期間短縮のほうが返済額軽減より利息の節約になる（他条件が同じ場合）。\nオンラインの繰上返済は無料が多いが、方法や手数料は貸し手により異なる。\n繰上返済の前に緊急資金を残す。繰上返済は取り消しにくい。\n年末残高に基づく住宅ローン控除は、大きな繰上返済で減ることがある。\n期間短縮と返済額軽減\n繰上返済は、予定より早く元金を多く返すことです。適用は二通りで、期間短縮は毎月の返済額を保ったまま期間を縮め、返済額軽減は期間を保ったまま毎月の返済額を下げます。他条件が同じなら、利息負担の大きい後半の年を取り除くため、通常は期間短縮のほうが利息の節約になります。多くの貸し手はオンラインで一部繰上返済を無料でできますが、方法・最低額・手数料は異なるため契約条件を確認しましょう。\n流動性と税のトレードオフ\n繰上返済はほぼ取り返せません。現金をローンに入れると簡単には戻せません。大きな繰上返済の前に、一般に数か月分の生活費＋物件固有の修繕積立という緊急資金を残しましょう。年末のローン残高に基づく住宅ローン控除も勘案します。繰上返済は残高を減らし、控除適用年の控除を減らし得ます。判断は、節約できる利息と、流動性の価値・失う控除とを比較することです。\n押さえておきたい要点：通常、期間短縮のほうが返済額軽減より利息の節約になる（他条件が同じ場合）。オンラインの繰上返済は無料が多いが、方法や手数料は貸し手により異なる。繰上返済の前に緊急資金を残す。繰上返済は取り消しにくい。年末残高に基づく住宅ローン控除は、大きな繰上返済で減ることがある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/early-repayment","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:late-payments-default:ja","entityId":"guide:late-payments-default","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ローンの返済が遅れるとどうなるか","plainText":"延滞は遅延損害金と信用情報への記録を招き、放置すると残高全額の期限の利益喪失・保証会社の代位弁済・回収、最終的に競売に至り得、不足額はなお残ります。\n遅延損害金・信用情報・期限の利益喪失・回収・代位弁済・競売。\n遅延損害金が発生するが、より重要なのは信用情報の毀損。\n延滞が続くと期限の利益を喪失し、残高全額が一括請求され得る。\n保証会社が銀行へ代位弁済し、その後あなたに全額を請求し得る。\n競売に至り得、売却後の不足額はなお残る。\n帰結のタイムライン\n一度の延滞はまず遅延損害金を発生させ、より重要なのはCIC・JICCの信用情報への記録で、これは何年も将来の借入に影響し得ます。延滞が続くと、貸し手は期限の利益を喪失させ（残高全額を即時に請求）、保証会社が代位弁済し得ます。代位弁済で債務は消えず、請求権は保証会社に移り、全額を追及します。最終的に貸し手や保証会社は抵当権を実行し競売でき、売却代金と残高の差額（不足分）はなお残り得ます。\n返済が苦しいとき\n返済を落とす前に、早めに貸し手へ連絡します。貸し手は期間の調整・一時的な返済額の軽減・他の選択肢を検討できることがあり、沈黙より早い相談のほうがはるかに良い結果になります。困難が一時的か構造的かを見極め、家計全体と他の債務を見直し、独立した助言を受けましょう。住宅ローンの不足を高金利のカード・消費者ローンで穴埋めするのは避けます。通常は問題を解決せず深めます。\n押さえておきたい要点：遅延損害金が発生するが、より重要なのは信用情報の毀損。延滞が続くと期限の利益を喪失し、残高全額が一括請求され得る。保証会社が銀行へ代位弁済し、その後あなたに全額を請求し得る。競売に至り得、売却後の不足額はなお残る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/late-payments-default","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-late-payment","faq:loan-what-collateral","faq:loan-guarantee-erase-debt"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:credit-records-japan","guide:collateral-guarantee-companies","guide:debt-warning-signs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社日本信用情報機構","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"延滞は遅延損害金と信用情報への記録を招き、放置すると残高全額の期限の利益喪失・保証会社の代位弁済・回収、最終的に競売に至り得、不足額はなお残ります。\n遅延損害金・信用情報・期限の利益喪失・回収・代位弁済・競売。\n遅延損害金が発生するが、より重要なのは信用情報の毀損。\n延滞が続くと期限の利益を喪失し、残高全額が一括請求され得る。\n保証会社が銀行へ代位弁済し、その後あなたに全額を請求し得る。\n競売に至り得、売却後の不足額はなお残る。\n帰結のタイムライン\n一度の延滞はまず遅延損害金を発生させ、より重要なのはCIC・JICCの信用情報への記録で、これは何年も将来の借入に影響し得ます。延滞が続くと、貸し手は期限の利益を喪失させ（残高全額を即時に請求）、保証会社が代位弁済し得ます。代位弁済で債務は消えず、請求権は保証会社に移り、全額を追及します。最終的に貸し手や保証会社は抵当権を実行し競売でき、売却代金と残高の差額（不足分）はなお残り得ます。\n返済が苦しいとき\n返済を落とす前に、早めに貸し手へ連絡します。貸し手は期間の調整・一時的な返済額の軽減・他の選択肢を検討できることがあり、沈黙より早い相談のほうがはるかに良い結果になります。困難が一時的か構造的かを見極め、家計全体と他の債務を見直し、独立した助言を受けましょう。住宅ローンの不足を高金利のカード・消費者ローンで穴埋めするのは避けます。通常は問題を解決せず深めます。\n押さえておきたい要点：遅延損害金が発生するが、より重要なのは信用情報の毀損。延滞が続くと期限の利益を喪失し、残高全額が一括請求され得る。保証会社が銀行へ代位弁済し、その後あなたに全額を請求し得る。競売に至り得、売却後の不足額はなお残る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/late-payments-default","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:credit-records-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:credit-records-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の信用情報と住宅ローン審査","plainText":"日本に単一の公的スコアはありません。銀行はCIC・JICCから情報を取り、これらは申込照会（CICで6か月）と契約・返済・延滞のデータを概ね契約期間中と終了後5年まで保有します。\nCIC・JICC、申込記録、延滞、本人開示、準備。\n単一の公的スコアはなく、銀行はCIC・JICCの記録に独自審査を加える。\nCICは申込照会を6か月、契約・支払い情報を終了後5年まで記録する。\n申込前に各機関へ自分の情報の開示を請求できる。\nローン前の数か月は繰り返しの申込や新規借入を避ける。\n信用情報の仕組み\n日本には、公的なFICOスコアに相当する単一の消費者スコアはありません。代わりに銀行は指定・業界の信用情報機関から情報を取り、独自の審査を適用します。CICは申込照会を6か月、契約・支払い情報を概ね契約期間中と終了後5年まで記録します。JICCも同様に契約・返済・延滞・債務整理などの保有期間を公表し、概ね契約期間中と終了後5年までです。消費者は各機関へ自分の情報の開示を請求できます。\n実務的な準備\nすべての口座を期日どおりに払いましょう。忘れていた一度の延滞も審査で表面化し得ます。ローン直前の繰り返しの申込は避けます。申込照会は記録され、多数が集中すると困窮のように見えます。適切な場合は不要なリボ債務を解約します。使っていないカードローンの枠も借入余力を減らすためです。問題が疑わしいなら3機関すべてを確認します。古い口座や本人情報の不一致は申込前に訂正できます。確定申告書や源泉徴収票を保管し、事前審査から決済までは転職や大きな新規借入を避けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：単一の公的スコアはなく、銀行はCIC・JICCの記録に独自審査を加える。CICは申込照会を6か月、契約・支払い情報を終了後5年まで記録する。申込前に各機関へ自分の情報の開示を請求できる。ローン前の数か月は繰り返しの申込や新規借入を避ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/credit-records-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-credit-record","faq:loan-multiple-applications","faq:loan-check-own-credit","faq:loan-serious-records-remain"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:borrowing-guide","guide:late-payments-default","guide:loan-application-checklist"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社日本信用情報機構","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"日本に単一の公的スコアはありません。銀行はCIC・JICCから情報を取り、これらは申込照会（CICで6か月）と契約・返済・延滞のデータを概ね契約期間中と終了後5年まで保有します。\nCIC・JICC、申込記録、延滞、本人開示、準備。\n単一の公的スコアはなく、銀行はCIC・JICCの記録に独自審査を加える。\nCICは申込照会を6か月、契約・支払い情報を終了後5年まで記録する。\n申込前に各機関へ自分の情報の開示を請求できる。\nローン前の数か月は繰り返しの申込や新規借入を避ける。\n信用情報の仕組み\n日本には、公的なFICOスコアに相当する単一の消費者スコアはありません。代わりに銀行は指定・業界の信用情報機関から情報を取り、独自の審査を適用します。CICは申込照会を6か月、契約・支払い情報を概ね契約期間中と終了後5年まで記録します。JICCも同様に契約・返済・延滞・債務整理などの保有期間を公表し、概ね契約期間中と終了後5年までです。消費者は各機関へ自分の情報の開示を請求できます。\n実務的な準備\nすべての口座を期日どおりに払いましょう。忘れていた一度の延滞も審査で表面化し得ます。ローン直前の繰り返しの申込は避けます。申込照会は記録され、多数が集中すると困窮のように見えます。適切な場合は不要なリボ債務を解約します。使っていないカードローンの枠も借入余力を減らすためです。問題が疑わしいなら3機関すべてを確認します。古い口座や本人情報の不一致は申込前に訂正できます。確定申告書や源泉徴収票を保管し、事前審査から決済までは転職や大きな新規借入を避けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：単一の公的スコアはなく、銀行はCIC・JICCの記録に独自審査を加える。CICは申込照会を6か月、契約・支払い情報を終了後5年まで記録する。申込前に各機関へ自分の情報の開示を請求できる。ローン前の数か月は繰り返しの申込や新規借入を避ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/credit-records-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:employment-mortgage-approval:ja","entityId":"guide:employment-mortgage-approval","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"雇用形態が住宅ローン審査に与える影響","plainText":"数年の安定した日本の課税所得がある永住・正社員が最も単純な案件です。契約・試用期間・直近転職・自営・会社経営の申込者は、より長い履歴が必要で正規化・低めの収入で評価され得ます。\n正社員・転職者・試用期間・契約社員・会社経営者・個人事業主。\n安定収入と勤続のある永住・正社員が最も単純な案件。\n直近の転職者や試用期間中は否決または個別審査になり得る。\n契約社員は、安定性と履歴が強ければ一部の銀行で通り得る。\n会社経営者や個人事業主は通常、複数年の決算や確定申告が必要。\n銀行が雇用をどう読むか\n銀行は収入が続く証拠を求めます。数年の安定した日本の課税所得がある永住・正社員が最も引受しやすい相手です。契約社員・試用期間中・直近の転職者・歩合中心の労働者は不確実性を持ち込みます。試用期間中やごく最近の入社を断る銀行もあれば、個別に審査する銀行もあり、安定性と履歴がより重視されます。会社経営者と個人事業主は事業の健全性で評価され、しばしば複数年の決算や確定申告が必要で、収入は保守的な数字に正規化されることがあります。\n何を出し、いつ申し込むか\n銀行は一般に源泉徴収票・課税証明書・在職確認・決算書・確定申告書を求めます。最近転職した場合、新しい勤務先で丸1年経つまで待つのを好む銀行もありますが、同分野での昇給を伴う転職なら説明できることもあります。どの立場でも、開示・承諾がない限り事前審査から決済までの転職は避けましょう。その段階での変化は承認を覆し得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：安定収入と勤続のある永住・正社員が最も単純な案件。直近の転職者や試用期間中は否決または個別審査になり得る。契約社員は、安定性と履歴が強ければ一部の銀行で通り得る。会社経営者や個人事業主は通常、複数年の決算や確定申告が必要。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/employment-mortgage-approval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-job-changer","faq:loan-probationary","faq:loan-contract-employee","faq:loan-sole-proprietor"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-income-documents","guide:preapproval-final-approval","guide:sole-proprietor-business-loans"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"数年の安定した日本の課税所得がある永住・正社員が最も単純な案件です。契約・試用期間・直近転職・自営・会社経営の申込者は、より長い履歴が必要で正規化・低めの収入で評価され得ます。\n正社員・転職者・試用期間・契約社員・会社経営者・個人事業主。\n安定収入と勤続のある永住・正社員が最も単純な案件。\n直近の転職者や試用期間中は否決または個別審査になり得る。\n契約社員は、安定性と履歴が強ければ一部の銀行で通り得る。\n会社経営者や個人事業主は通常、複数年の決算や確定申告が必要。\n銀行が雇用をどう読むか\n銀行は収入が続く証拠を求めます。数年の安定した日本の課税所得がある永住・正社員が最も引受しやすい相手です。契約社員・試用期間中・直近の転職者・歩合中心の労働者は不確実性を持ち込みます。試用期間中やごく最近の入社を断る銀行もあれば、個別に審査する銀行もあり、安定性と履歴がより重視されます。会社経営者と個人事業主は事業の健全性で評価され、しばしば複数年の決算や確定申告が必要で、収入は保守的な数字に正規化されることがあります。\n何を出し、いつ申し込むか\n銀行は一般に源泉徴収票・課税証明書・在職確認・決算書・確定申告書を求めます。最近転職した場合、新しい勤務先で丸1年経つまで待つのを好む銀行もありますが、同分野での昇給を伴う転職なら説明できることもあります。どの立場でも、開示・承諾がない限り事前審査から決済までの転職は避けましょう。その段階での変化は承認を覆し得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：安定収入と勤続のある永住・正社員が最も単純な案件。直近の転職者や試用期間中は否決または個別審査になり得る。契約社員は、安定性と履歴が強ければ一部の銀行で通り得る。会社経営者や個人事業主は通常、複数年の決算や確定申告が必要。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/employment-mortgage-approval","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-income-documents:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-income-documents","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の住宅ローンに必要な収入書類","plainText":"会社員は通常、源泉徴収票と課税証明書を、自営は複数年の確定申告書を提出します。海外収入・賞与・法人決算にはそれぞれ書類と認定上の注意があります。\n源泉徴収票・課税証明書・確定申告・海外収入・賞与・法人決算。\n会社員：源泉徴収票と（自治体の）課税証明書。\n自営・会社経営：複数年の確定申告書または決算書。\n海外収入は認められ得るが、通貨・税・継続性・翻訳の問題で認定が減り得る。\n賞与は認められ得るが、不確実な賞与に返済能力を頼らない。\n書類チェックリスト\n会社員には、銀行は一般に年間の源泉徴収票、1年以上の課税証明書（または納税証明書）、在職証明・雇用契約・給与振込の証拠などの在職確認を求めます。個人事業主と会社経営者は、複数年の確定申告書と、法人なら決算書の提出を見込みます。原本を整理して保管しましょう。本審査は事前審査での申告とこれらを照合し、相違はファイルを頓挫させ得ます。\n海外収入・賞与・法人決算\n海外収入は認められることもありますが、為替リスク・外国税の扱い・継続性・翻訳書類の必要性により、銀行が認める額は減り得ます。賞与は数えられ得ますが、家計は不確実な賞与に返済能力を頼らないほうが安全で、基本給のみの家計が無難です。会社経営者では、銀行は表面的な役員報酬の先にある法人の決算を見ます。健全な会社から低い報酬を取る役員も、脆弱な会社から高い報酬を取る役員も、背後の事業で評価されます。迷う場合は、頼る前に各銀行がどの収入を認めるか正確に尋ねましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：会社員：源泉徴収票と（自治体の）課税証明書。自営・会社経営：複数年の確定申告書または決算書。海外収入は認められ得るが、通貨・税・継続性・翻訳の問題で認定が減り得る。賞与は認められ得るが、不確実な賞与に返済能力を頼らない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-income-documents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-income-documents","faq:loan-years-income-history","faq:loan-overseas-income","faq:loan-bonus-income"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:employment-mortgage-approval","guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:mortgage-document-checklist"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"会社員は通常、源泉徴収票と課税証明書を、自営は複数年の確定申告書を提出します。海外収入・賞与・法人決算にはそれぞれ書類と認定上の注意があります。\n源泉徴収票・課税証明書・確定申告・海外収入・賞与・法人決算。\n会社員：源泉徴収票と（自治体の）課税証明書。\n自営・会社経営：複数年の確定申告書または決算書。\n海外収入は認められ得るが、通貨・税・継続性・翻訳の問題で認定が減り得る。\n賞与は認められ得るが、不確実な賞与に返済能力を頼らない。\n書類チェックリスト\n会社員には、銀行は一般に年間の源泉徴収票、1年以上の課税証明書（または納税証明書）、在職証明・雇用契約・給与振込の証拠などの在職確認を求めます。個人事業主と会社経営者は、複数年の確定申告書と、法人なら決算書の提出を見込みます。原本を整理して保管しましょう。本審査は事前審査での申告とこれらを照合し、相違はファイルを頓挫させ得ます。\n海外収入・賞与・法人決算\n海外収入は認められることもありますが、為替リスク・外国税の扱い・継続性・翻訳書類の必要性により、銀行が認める額は減り得ます。賞与は数えられ得ますが、家計は不確実な賞与に返済能力を頼らないほうが安全で、基本給のみの家計が無難です。会社経営者では、銀行は表面的な役員報酬の先にある法人の決算を見ます。健全な会社から低い報酬を取る役員も、脆弱な会社から高い報酬を取る役員も、背後の事業で評価されます。迷う場合は、頼る前に各銀行がどの収入を認めるか正確に尋ねましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：会社員：源泉徴収票と（自治体の）課税証明書。自営・会社経営：複数年の確定申告書または決算書。海外収入は認められ得るが、通貨・税・継続性・翻訳の問題で認定が減り得る。賞与は認められ得るが、不確実な賞与に返済能力を頼らない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-income-documents","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:variable-rate-mortgages:ja","entityId":"guide:variable-rate-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の変動金利住宅ローン","plainText":"変動金利は今は安いが、金利が定期的に見直され上昇はあなたが負担します。2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる、備えの厚い家計にのみ向きます。\n変動金利の仕組み・向く人・ストレステスト・返済ルールの落とし穴。\n金利は定期的（一般に半年ごと）に見直され、上昇は家計が負担。\n2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる場合のみ選ぶ。\n5年・125%ルールは変更を和らげるが金利上限や利息停止ではない。\n将来金利への油断と遅い元金減少が主な危険。\n変動金利の仕組み\n変動金利は、貸し手の基準金利に対し金利が定期的に（一般に半年ごとに再計算されて）見直されます。広告金利が低いのは、金利上昇のリスクを貸し手ではなくあなたが負うためです。一部のローンは5年ルール（返済額は5年ごとにのみ再計算）と125%ルール（見直し時の増加を125%までに制限）を適用します。これらはショックを和らげますが、金利に上限を設けず利息の発生も止めず、使わない貸し手もあります。\n向く人・向かない人・ストレステスト\n変動は、現金の備えが厚く上昇を吸収できる借り手（金利急騰時に繰上返済や耐久ができる人）に向きます。当初金利に返済能力が依存する家計には不向きです。当初金利でしか返済できないローンは、安全には負担できないローンだからです。変動を選ぶ前に、提示金利＋1・2・3%での返済額を試算し、ストレス下の住居費が手取りの堅実な割合に収まるか確認します。2026年に日本がゼロ金利期を脱したことを踏まえ、このストレステストは今や理論ではなく必須です。\n押さえておきたい要点：金利は定期的（一般に半年ごと）に見直され、上昇は家計が負担。2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる場合のみ選ぶ。5年・125%ルールは変更を和らげるが金利上限や利息停止ではない。将来金利への油断と遅い元金減少が主な危険。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/variable-rate-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-variable-risky","faq:loan-rate-rise","faq:loan-variable-change-frequency"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:five-year-125-percent-rule","guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"変動金利は今は安いが、金利が定期的に見直され上昇はあなたが負担します。2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる、備えの厚い家計にのみ向きます。\n変動金利の仕組み・向く人・ストレステスト・返済ルールの落とし穴。\n金利は定期的（一般に半年ごと）に見直され、上昇は家計が負担。\n2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる場合のみ選ぶ。\n5年・125%ルールは変更を和らげるが金利上限や利息停止ではない。\n将来金利への油断と遅い元金減少が主な危険。\n変動金利の仕組み\n変動金利は、貸し手の基準金利に対し金利が定期的に（一般に半年ごとに再計算されて）見直されます。広告金利が低いのは、金利上昇のリスクを貸し手ではなくあなたが負うためです。一部のローンは5年ルール（返済額は5年ごとにのみ再計算）と125%ルール（見直し時の増加を125%までに制限）を適用します。これらはショックを和らげますが、金利に上限を設けず利息の発生も止めず、使わない貸し手もあります。\n向く人・向かない人・ストレステスト\n変動は、現金の備えが厚く上昇を吸収できる借り手（金利急騰時に繰上返済や耐久ができる人）に向きます。当初金利に返済能力が依存する家計には不向きです。当初金利でしか返済できないローンは、安全には負担できないローンだからです。変動を選ぶ前に、提示金利＋1・2・3%での返済額を試算し、ストレス下の住居費が手取りの堅実な割合に収まるか確認します。2026年に日本がゼロ金利期を脱したことを踏まえ、このストレステストは今や理論ではなく必須です。\n押さえておきたい要点：金利は定期的（一般に半年ごと）に見直され、上昇は家計が負担。2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる場合のみ選ぶ。5年・125%ルールは変更を和らげるが金利上限や利息停止ではない。将来金利への油断と遅い元金減少が主な危険。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/variable-rate-mortgages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-rate-mortgages:ja","entityId":"guide:fixed-rate-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の固定金利住宅ローン","plainText":"固定金利は全期間（フラット35など）または当初期間、金利を固定し、将来の返済確実性のために今は高くつきます。ただし取り除くのは金利リスクのみで、収入・物件・人生のリスクは残ります。\n全期間固定と固定期間選択、向く人、「固定」が何を消し何を消さないか。\n全期間固定（フラット35など）は全期間金利を固定。\n販促的な変動金利より今は高く、返済の確実性を買う。\n固定は金利リスクを取り除くが、収入・物件・インフレ・人生のリスクは残す。\n確実性を重視し大きな金利上昇を吸収できない借り手に最適。\n固定金利の仕組み\n固定金利は、全期間または当初期間、金利を固定します。全期間固定（代表はフラット35）は21〜35年（またはそれ以上）同じ金利を保つため、返済額は変わりません。代償として当初金利は販促的な変動金利より高くなります。将来の上昇リスクを取り除く代わりに今は多く払うのです。この確実性は、まさに金利上昇を楽に吸収できない家計にとって価値があります。\n固定が消すものと消さないもの\n固定は所定の金利リスクを取り除きますが「無リスク」ではありません。収入の喪失・物件価値の下落・インフレによる実質の目減り・病気や離婚などの人生の出来事は防げず、後に市場金利が下がっても、借換（それ自体に費用と健康審査がある）をしない限り高い固定金利を払い続けます。確実性と適格な物件のために固定を、金利上昇を本当に吸収できる強い申込者の場合のみ、低コストの変動や固定期間選択を選びましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：全期間固定（フラット35など）は全期間金利を固定。販促的な変動金利より今は高く、返済の確実性を買う。固定は金利リスクを取り除くが、収入・物件・インフレ・人生のリスクは残す。確実性を重視し大きな金利上昇を吸収できない借り手に最適。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/fixed-rate-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-fixed","faq:loan-fixed-risk-free","faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","guide:fixed-period-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"固定金利は全期間（フラット35など）または当初期間、金利を固定し、将来の返済確実性のために今は高くつきます。ただし取り除くのは金利リスクのみで、収入・物件・人生のリスクは残ります。\n全期間固定と固定期間選択、向く人、「固定」が何を消し何を消さないか。\n全期間固定（フラット35など）は全期間金利を固定。\n販促的な変動金利より今は高く、返済の確実性を買う。\n固定は金利リスクを取り除くが、収入・物件・インフレ・人生のリスクは残す。\n確実性を重視し大きな金利上昇を吸収できない借り手に最適。\n固定金利の仕組み\n固定金利は、全期間または当初期間、金利を固定します。全期間固定（代表はフラット35）は21〜35年（またはそれ以上）同じ金利を保つため、返済額は変わりません。代償として当初金利は販促的な変動金利より高くなります。将来の上昇リスクを取り除く代わりに今は多く払うのです。この確実性は、まさに金利上昇を楽に吸収できない家計にとって価値があります。\n固定が消すものと消さないもの\n固定は所定の金利リスクを取り除きますが「無リスク」ではありません。収入の喪失・物件価値の下落・インフレによる実質の目減り・病気や離婚などの人生の出来事は防げず、後に市場金利が下がっても、借換（それ自体に費用と健康審査がある）をしない限り高い固定金利を払い続けます。確実性と適格な物件のために固定を、金利上昇を本当に吸収できる強い申込者の場合のみ、低コストの変動や固定期間選択を選びましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：全期間固定（フラット35など）は全期間金利を固定。販促的な変動金利より今は高く、返済の確実性を買う。固定は金利リスクを取り除くが、収入・物件・インフレ・人生のリスクは残す。確実性を重視し大きな金利上昇を吸収できない借り手に最適。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/fixed-rate-mortgages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-period-mortgages:ja","entityId":"guide:fixed-period-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"固定期間選択型住宅ローン","plainText":"固定期間選択型は当初2〜20年金利を固定し、その後は当時の金利と契約上の優遇で見直します。一時的な確実性を与えますが、その後に大きな見直しの可能性があります。\n固定期間選択型の仕組み・見直し時の扱い・大きな見直しのリスク。\n金利は当初期間（例：2・3・5・10・20年）固定され、その後見直される。\n10年固定選択型は35年全期間固定とは違う。\n見直し時は当時の金利と契約上の優遇が適用され、大幅に高くなり得る。\n全期間でなく一定期間の確実性がほしい借り手に向く。\n固定期間選択型の仕組み\n固定期間選択型は、当初期間（一般に2・3・5・10・20年）金利を固定し、その後見直します。純変動と全期間固定の間くらいの金利で一時的な確実性を与えます。重要なのは、10年固定選択型は35年全期間固定のフラット35ではないことです。固定期間の終了後、金利は当時の金利から契約に残る優遇を引いた水準に見直され、当初金利よりずっと高くなり得ます。\n見直しのリスク\n危険は大きな見直しです。借り手は低い当初固定金利をローンの恒久的な性格と見なし、見直しの到来に驚くことがあります。特に2026年の日本のように、その間に金利が上がっていた場合です。この構造を選ぶ前に、あり得る見直し金利での返済額を試算し、固定期間後に適用される優遇幅を確認し、家計が見直しを吸収できるか確かめましょう。長期保有より、確実性の期限が明確な借り手（例：固定期間内の売却や借換を計画）に向きます。\n押さえておきたい要点：金利は当初期間（例：2・3・5・10・20年）固定され、その後見直される。10年固定選択型は35年全期間固定とは違う。見直し時は当時の金利と契約上の優遇が適用され、大幅に高くなり得る。全期間でなく一定期間の確実性がほしい借り手に向く。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/fixed-period-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fixed-period","faq:loan-after-fixed-period"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:mixed-rate-mortgages","guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"Resona Bank","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"固定期間選択型は当初2〜20年金利を固定し、その後は当時の金利と契約上の優遇で見直します。一時的な確実性を与えますが、その後に大きな見直しの可能性があります。\n固定期間選択型の仕組み・見直し時の扱い・大きな見直しのリスク。\n金利は当初期間（例：2・3・5・10・20年）固定され、その後見直される。\n10年固定選択型は35年全期間固定とは違う。\n見直し時は当時の金利と契約上の優遇が適用され、大幅に高くなり得る。\n全期間でなく一定期間の確実性がほしい借り手に向く。\n固定期間選択型の仕組み\n固定期間選択型は、当初期間（一般に2・3・5・10・20年）金利を固定し、その後見直します。純変動と全期間固定の間くらいの金利で一時的な確実性を与えます。重要なのは、10年固定選択型は35年全期間固定のフラット35ではないことです。固定期間の終了後、金利は当時の金利から契約に残る優遇を引いた水準に見直され、当初金利よりずっと高くなり得ます。\n見直しのリスク\n危険は大きな見直しです。借り手は低い当初固定金利をローンの恒久的な性格と見なし、見直しの到来に驚くことがあります。特に2026年の日本のように、その間に金利が上がっていた場合です。この構造を選ぶ前に、あり得る見直し金利での返済額を試算し、固定期間後に適用される優遇幅を確認し、家計が見直しを吸収できるか確かめましょう。長期保有より、確実性の期限が明確な借り手（例：固定期間内の売却や借換を計画）に向きます。\n押さえておきたい要点：金利は当初期間（例：2・3・5・10・20年）固定され、その後見直される。10年固定選択型は35年全期間固定とは違う。見直し時は当時の金利と契約上の優遇が適用され、大幅に高くなり得る。全期間でなく一定期間の確実性がほしい借り手に向く。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/fixed-period-mortgages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mixed-rate-mortgages:ja","entityId":"guide:mixed-rate-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ミックス型住宅ローン","plainText":"ミックス型は借入を変動部分と固定部分に分け、一つの金利タイプへの集中を減らしますが、複雑さが増し最低総コストを保証しません。\n借入を変動と固定に分ける。何を減らし何を減らさないか。\nローンを変動部分と固定部分に分ける。\nどちらか一方の金利タイプへの集中を減らすが管理の複雑さが増す。\nミックスは最低総コストを保証しない。中間の道。\n二組の前提と二つの見直し挙動を管理する必要がある。\nミックスの仕組みと効果\nミックス型は借入を変動部分と固定部分に分けます（例：半々）。金利が上がれば変動の半分だけが影響を受け、金利が低いままなら変動の半分で恩恵を受けます。これはどちらか一方の金利タイプへの集中を減らし、心理的にも金銭的にも落ち着くと感じる借り手もいます。ただしミックスは最低総コストを保証しません。意図的な中間の道であり、金利が低いままなら純変動が、金利が急騰するなら純固定が安くなります。\n複雑さのコスト\n代償は管理の複雑さです。二組の前提（変動部分の見直し挙動と固定部分の期間）を抱え、繰上返済・借換・ストレステストは両方を考える必要があります。多くの借り手には、備えとリスク許容度に合わせた固定か変動かの明確な選択のほうが単純で監視しやすいです。特にヘッジを望み、数十年にわたり二つの構造を追うことに抵抗がない場合のみミックスを検討しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：ローンを変動部分と固定部分に分ける。どちらか一方の金利タイプへの集中を減らすが管理の複雑さが増す。ミックスは最低総コストを保証しない。中間の道。二組の前提と二つの見直し挙動を管理する必要がある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mixed-rate-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-mixed","faq:loan-mixing-reduce-risk"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:fixed-period-mortgages","guide:variable-rate-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"ミックス型は借入を変動部分と固定部分に分け、一つの金利タイプへの集中を減らしますが、複雑さが増し最低総コストを保証しません。\n借入を変動と固定に分ける。何を減らし何を減らさないか。\nローンを変動部分と固定部分に分ける。\nどちらか一方の金利タイプへの集中を減らすが管理の複雑さが増す。\nミックスは最低総コストを保証しない。中間の道。\n二組の前提と二つの見直し挙動を管理する必要がある。\nミックスの仕組みと効果\nミックス型は借入を変動部分と固定部分に分けます（例：半々）。金利が上がれば変動の半分だけが影響を受け、金利が低いままなら変動の半分で恩恵を受けます。これはどちらか一方の金利タイプへの集中を減らし、心理的にも金銭的にも落ち着くと感じる借り手もいます。ただしミックスは最低総コストを保証しません。意図的な中間の道であり、金利が低いままなら純変動が、金利が急騰するなら純固定が安くなります。\n複雑さのコスト\n代償は管理の複雑さです。二組の前提（変動部分の見直し挙動と固定部分の期間）を抱え、繰上返済・借換・ストレステストは両方を考える必要があります。多くの借り手には、備えとリスク許容度に合わせた固定か変動かの明確な選択のほうが単純で監視しやすいです。特にヘッジを望み、数十年にわたり二つの構造を追うことに抵抗がない場合のみミックスを検討しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：ローンを変動部分と固定部分に分ける。どちらか一方の金利タイプへの集中を減らすが管理の複雑さが増す。ミックスは最低総コストを保証しない。中間の道。二組の前提と二つの見直し挙動を管理する必要がある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mixed-rate-mortgages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35:ja","entityId":"guide:flat-35","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35完全ガイド","plainText":"フラット35は、住宅金融支援機構の下で提携金融機関を通じて提供される全期間固定の住宅ローンです。基準が明確で、永住を必ずしも求めず、物件が技術基準を満たす必要があります。\nフラット35とは何か・要件・金利・物件基準・優遇・向く人。\n全期間固定。2026年8月の標準的な市場金利は21〜35年で約3.29%。\n基準が明確で永住を必ずしも求めず、非永住者の一般的なルート。\n物件は所定の技術基準と適合証明を満たす必要がある。\n基準金利は各社で近いが、手数料や商品は異なる。\nフラット35とは\nフラット35は、住宅金融支援機構（JHF）の買取・保証の仕組みの下で、参加金融機関を通じて提供される全期間固定の住宅ローンです。直接の政府融資ではありませんが、通常の銀行ローンより基準が明確です。要件が公表・標準化され、永住を必ずしも求めないため、国籍・在留と物件の条件を満たす非永住の外国人買い手の一般的なルートです。2026年8月、標準的な市場実行金利は資格ポイント引下げ前で21〜35年約3.29%まで上昇し、7月の公表レンジはLTVと期間により概ね3.14〜5.40%でした。\n物件基準と優遇\n特徴的なのは、物件が所定の技術基準を満たし適合証明を通す必要があることです。フラット35は要件と技術基準を満たせば中古住宅も融資しますが、通常の賃貸投資物件は融資しません。短いフラット20や適格な長期のフラット50もあり、「フラット35」が常に35年とは限りません。優遇の枠組み（住宅性能のフラット35S、適格世帯のフラット35子育てプラス）は金利を下げますが、多くのポイント引下げは全期間ではなく所定の当初年数に適用されるため、各優遇がどれだけ続くか正確に読みましょう。\n最適な相手と比較の仕方\nフラット35は、全期間の返済確実性を望み適格な物件を持つ借り手、そしてその基準を満たせる非永住の買い手に向きます。販促的な変動金利より高い基準金利は、その確実性の代償です。基準金利は各社で近いため、異なる部分を比較します。事務手数料モデル、保証/鑑定費用、保険上乗せ（7月の公式表ではペア団信＋0.18%、三大疾病＋0.24%）、優遇ポイント、処理です。スーパーフラットの類型は、大きな頭金に対しより低い金利で報い得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/flat-35","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-flat35","faq:loan-flat35-government","faq:loan-flat35-always-35","faq:loan-flat35-used-home","faq:loan-flat35-investment"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35s","guide:flat-35-child-rearing-plus","guide:flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage","guide:flat-35-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/tech/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"フラット35は、住宅金融支援機構の下で提携金融機関を通じて提供される全期間固定の住宅ローンです。基準が明確で、永住を必ずしも求めず、物件が技術基準を満たす必要があります。\nフラット35とは何か・要件・金利・物件基準・優遇・向く人。\n全期間固定。2026年8月の標準的な市場金利は21〜35年で約3.29%。\n基準が明確で永住を必ずしも求めず、非永住者の一般的なルート。\n物件は所定の技術基準と適合証明を満たす必要がある。\n基準金利は各社で近いが、手数料や商品は異なる。\nフラット35とは\nフラット35は、住宅金融支援機構（JHF）の買取・保証の仕組みの下で、参加金融機関を通じて提供される全期間固定の住宅ローンです。直接の政府融資ではありませんが、通常の銀行ローンより基準が明確です。要件が公表・標準化され、永住を必ずしも求めないため、国籍・在留と物件の条件を満たす非永住の外国人買い手の一般的なルートです。2026年8月、標準的な市場実行金利は資格ポイント引下げ前で21〜35年約3.29%まで上昇し、7月の公表レンジはLTVと期間により概ね3.14〜5.40%でした。\n物件基準と優遇\n特徴的なのは、物件が所定の技術基準を満たし適合証明を通す必要があることです。フラット35は要件と技術基準を満たせば中古住宅も融資しますが、通常の賃貸投資物件は融資しません。短いフラット20や適格な長期のフラット50もあり、「フラット35」が常に35年とは限りません。優遇の枠組み（住宅性能のフラット35S、適格世帯のフラット35子育てプラス）は金利を下げますが、多くのポイント引下げは全期間ではなく所定の当初年数に適用されるため、各優遇がどれだけ続くか正確に読みましょう。\n最適な相手と比較の仕方\nフラット35は、全期間の返済確実性を望み適格な物件を持つ借り手、そしてその基準を満たせる非永住の買い手に向きます。販促的な変動金利より高い基準金利は、その確実性の代償です。基準金利は各社で近いため、異なる部分を比較します。事務手数料モデル、保証/鑑定費用、保険上乗せ（7月の公式表ではペア団信＋0.18%、三大疾病＋0.24%）、優遇ポイント、処理です。スーパーフラットの類型は、大きな頭金に対しより低い金利で報い得ます。","url":"/ja/loans/flat-35","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35s:ja","entityId":"guide:flat-35s","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35Sと住宅性能の金利引下げ","plainText":"フラット35Sは、省エネ・耐震・耐久・バリアフリーなどの高い基準を満たす住宅への金利引下げの枠組みです。ただし引下げは全期間でなく所定の当初年数に適用されます。\nフラット35Sが適格な住宅性能に対しどう金利を下げ、優遇がどれだけ続くか。\nフラット35Sは、適格な性能基準を満たす住宅のフラット35金利を引き下げる。\n引下げは所定の当初年数に適用され、その後は標準金利に戻る。\n性能区分は省エネ・耐震・耐久・バリアフリーなど。\n適格区分・引下げ幅・優遇期間を確認する。\nフラット35Sの仕組み\nフラット35Sは、省エネ・耐震・耐久可変・バリアフリーなどの区分で高い基準を満たす住宅に対し、フラット35に上乗せされる金利引下げの枠組みです。適格な住宅は所定の当初年数、フラット35金利からの引下げを得ます。正確な引下げ幅と割引年数はプランの区分と物件の認定性能によります。割引期間が終わると、残りの期間は標準のフラット35金利に戻ります。\n頼る前に確認すべきこと\n引下げは一時的なので、割引年数の間と後の両方で返済額を試算します。引下げ金利では手頃に見える住宅も、満額金利で手頃である必要があります。物件がどの性能区分で適格かを確認し、認定を取得し、引下げ幅と割引年数を提供者に確かめ、これらの枠組みは定期的に更新されるため古い数字でなく現行条件を確認しましょう。フラット35Sは省エネや耐震の強い住宅の初期費用を有意に下げ得ますが、恒久的な金利引下げではありません。\n押さえておきたい要点：フラット35Sは、適格な性能基準を満たす住宅のフラット35金利を引き下げる。引下げは所定の当初年数に適用され、その後は標準金利に戻る。性能区分は省エネ・耐震・耐久・バリアフリーなど。適格区分・引下げ幅・優遇期間を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/flat-35s","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-flat35s","faq:loan-flat35-discounts-permanent"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:flat-35-child-rearing-plus","guide:earthquake-standards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35s/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"フラット35Sは、省エネ・耐震・耐久・バリアフリーなどの高い基準を満たす住宅への金利引下げの枠組みです。ただし引下げは全期間でなく所定の当初年数に適用されます。\nフラット35Sが適格な住宅性能に対しどう金利を下げ、優遇がどれだけ続くか。\nフラット35Sは、適格な性能基準を満たす住宅のフラット35金利を引き下げる。\n引下げは所定の当初年数に適用され、その後は標準金利に戻る。\n性能区分は省エネ・耐震・耐久・バリアフリーなど。\n適格区分・引下げ幅・優遇期間を確認する。\nフラット35Sの仕組み\nフラット35Sは、省エネ・耐震・耐久可変・バリアフリーなどの区分で高い基準を満たす住宅に対し、フラット35に上乗せされる金利引下げの枠組みです。適格な住宅は所定の当初年数、フラット35金利からの引下げを得ます。正確な引下げ幅と割引年数はプランの区分と物件の認定性能によります。割引期間が終わると、残りの期間は標準のフラット35金利に戻ります。\n頼る前に確認すべきこと\n引下げは一時的なので、割引年数の間と後の両方で返済額を試算します。引下げ金利では手頃に見える住宅も、満額金利で手頃である必要があります。物件がどの性能区分で適格かを確認し、認定を取得し、引下げ幅と割引年数を提供者に確かめ、これらの枠組みは定期的に更新されるため古い数字でなく現行条件を確認しましょう。フラット35Sは省エネや耐震の強い住宅の初期費用を有意に下げ得ますが、恒久的な金利引下げではありません。\n押さえておきたい要点：フラット35Sは、適格な性能基準を満たす住宅のフラット35金利を引き下げる。引下げは所定の当初年数に適用され、その後は標準金利に戻る。性能区分は省エネ・耐震・耐久・バリアフリーなど。適格区分・引下げ幅・優遇期間を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/flat-35s","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35-child-rearing-plus:ja","entityId":"guide:flat-35-child-rearing-plus","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35子育てプラス","plainText":"フラット35子育てプラスは、子育て世帯などの適格な世帯の金利を下げるポイント制の引下げで、所定の当初年数に適用され、他のフラット35ポイント引下げと合算されます。\n適格な世帯・住宅条件に連動したポイント制の金利引下げ。\n子育て世帯を含む適格な世帯へのポイント制の引下げ。\nポイントはフラット35Sや他の適格引下げと合算できる。\n引下げは全期間でなく所定の当初年数に適用。\n適格性・ポイント数・優遇期間を提供者に確認する。\nポイント制の仕組み\nフラット35子育てプラスは、適格な世帯・住宅条件に連動したポイント制で金利を下げ、子育て世帯が中心的な適格グループです。各適格条件がポイントを獲得し、そのポイントが当初年数の金利引下げに換算され、住宅性能のフラット35Sなど他のフラット35引下げと合算できます。世帯と住宅が満たす適格条件が多いほど、当初年数の合計引下げは大きくなります。\n確認すべきこと\nすべてのフラット35ポイント引下げと同様、引下げは所定の当初年数に適用され、その後は標準金利に戻るため、割引終了後の返済額を試算します。世帯の適格性・正確なポイント数・他の引下げとの合算方法・割引年数を確認し、これらの枠組みは定期的に改定されるため現行の制度条件を確かめましょう。引下げは歓迎すべき当初年数の節約であり、恒久的な低金利ではないと捉えます。\n押さえておきたい要点：子育て世帯を含む適格な世帯へのポイント制の引下げ。ポイントはフラット35Sや他の適格引下げと合算できる。引下げは全期間でなく所定の当初年数に適用。適格性・ポイント数・優遇期間を提供者に確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/flat-35-child-rearing-plus","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-flat35-child","faq:loan-flat35-discounts-permanent"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:flat-35s"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35_reform/child.html","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"フラット35子育てプラスは、子育て世帯などの適格な世帯の金利を下げるポイント制の引下げで、所定の当初年数に適用され、他のフラット35ポイント引下げと合算されます。\n適格な世帯・住宅条件に連動したポイント制の金利引下げ。\n子育て世帯を含む適格な世帯へのポイント制の引下げ。\nポイントはフラット35Sや他の適格引下げと合算できる。\n引下げは全期間でなく所定の当初年数に適用。\n適格性・ポイント数・優遇期間を提供者に確認する。\nポイント制の仕組み\nフラット35子育てプラスは、適格な世帯・住宅条件に連動したポイント制で金利を下げ、子育て世帯が中心的な適格グループです。各適格条件がポイントを獲得し、そのポイントが当初年数の金利引下げに換算され、住宅性能のフラット35Sなど他のフラット35引下げと合算できます。世帯と住宅が満たす適格条件が多いほど、当初年数の合計引下げは大きくなります。\n確認すべきこと\nすべてのフラット35ポイント引下げと同様、引下げは所定の当初年数に適用され、その後は標準金利に戻るため、割引終了後の返済額を試算します。世帯の適格性・正確なポイント数・他の引下げとの合算方法・割引年数を確認し、これらの枠組みは定期的に改定されるため現行の制度条件を確かめましょう。引下げは歓迎すべき当初年数の節約であり、恒久的な低金利ではないと捉えます。\n押さえておきたい要点：子育て世帯を含む適格な世帯へのポイント制の引下げ。ポイントはフラット35Sや他の適格引下げと合算できる。引下げは全期間でなく所定の当初年数に適用。適格性・ポイント数・優遇期間を提供者に確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/flat-35-child-rearing-plus","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pair-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:pair-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"夫婦のペアローン","plainText":"ペアローンは各パートナー1本ずつの2本の住宅ローンで、双方が住宅ローン控除を受けられ得ますが、契約・手数料・債務が2つになり、離婚・死亡・休職・収入減で重大な問題を生みます。\n二人が各々借りる仕組み、税と所有のメリット、離婚・死亡のリスク。\n2本の別々のローンと登記＝2組の手数料。\n双方が所有と債務に応じて住宅ローン控除を受け得る。\n離婚時、債務と名義は合法な移転・借換まで残る。夫婦の合意だけでは銀行は解放しない。\n一方が死亡しても、団信は原則その人のローンのみを消す（連生型でない限り）。\nペアローンの仕組み\nペアローンは、通常同じ物件について各パートナー1本ずつの2本の住宅ローンで、各人がローンに応じた持分を所有します。契約と抵当権登記が2つあるため、手数料も2組になりがちです。主な魅力は、各パートナーが自分の適格なローン残高・所有・税の状況で住宅ローン控除を受けられ得ること、そして合算の借入余力が単独より大きくなり得ることです。安定した二つのキャリアと、住まいへの長期的で一致した意図を持つ夫婦に向きます。\n離婚・死亡・収入減のリスク\nリスクは現実的です。離婚時、債務と名義は合法に移転されるかローンが借換されるまで残ります。夫婦間の合意だけでは銀行の請求権は解放されず、もう望まない住まいのローンに一方が責任を負い続け得ます。ペアローンの一方が死亡すると、団信は原則、連生型でない限り被保険者のローンのみを消し、双方を自動では消しません。生存者は自分のローンを負い続けます。育児休業や一方の収入減も、二つの満額収入を前提とした構造を圧迫します。税と借入余力の利点と天秤にかけてから決めましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：2本の別々のローンと登記＝2組の手数料。双方が所有と債務に応じて住宅ローン控除を受け得る。離婚時、債務と名義は合法な移転・借換まで残る。夫婦の合意だけでは銀行は解放しない。一方が死亡しても、団信は原則その人のローンのみを消す（連生型でない限り）。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/pair-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-pair-loan","faq:loan-pair-two-fees","faq:loan-pair-both-tax-relief","faq:loan-pair-divorce","faq:loan-pair-death"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:income-combination-mortgages","guide:pair-loan-vs-income-combination","guide:mortgage-life-insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"ペアローンは各パートナー1本ずつの2本の住宅ローンで、双方が住宅ローン控除を受けられ得ますが、契約・手数料・債務が2つになり、離婚・死亡・休職・収入減で重大な問題を生みます。\n二人が各々借りる仕組み、税と所有のメリット、離婚・死亡のリスク。\n2本の別々のローンと登記＝2組の手数料。\n双方が所有と債務に応じて住宅ローン控除を受け得る。\n離婚時、債務と名義は合法な移転・借換まで残る。夫婦の合意だけでは銀行は解放しない。\n一方が死亡しても、団信は原則その人のローンのみを消す（連生型でない限り）。\nペアローンの仕組み\nペアローンは、通常同じ物件について各パートナー1本ずつの2本の住宅ローンで、各人がローンに応じた持分を所有します。契約と抵当権登記が2つあるため、手数料も2組になりがちです。主な魅力は、各パートナーが自分の適格なローン残高・所有・税の状況で住宅ローン控除を受けられ得ること、そして合算の借入余力が単独より大きくなり得ることです。安定した二つのキャリアと、住まいへの長期的で一致した意図を持つ夫婦に向きます。\n離婚・死亡・収入減のリスク\nリスクは現実的です。離婚時、債務と名義は合法に移転されるかローンが借換されるまで残ります。夫婦間の合意だけでは銀行の請求権は解放されず、もう望まない住まいのローンに一方が責任を負い続け得ます。ペアローンの一方が死亡すると、団信は原則、連生型でない限り被保険者のローンのみを消し、双方を自動では消しません。生存者は自分のローンを負い続けます。育児休業や一方の収入減も、二つの満額収入を前提とした構造を圧迫します。税と借入余力の利点と天秤にかけてから決めましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：2本の別々のローンと登記＝2組の手数料。双方が所有と債務に応じて住宅ローン控除を受け得る。離婚時、債務と名義は合法な移転・借換まで残る。夫婦の合意だけでは銀行は解放しない。一方が死亡しても、団信は原則その人のローンのみを消す（連生型でない限り）。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/pair-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:income-combination-mortgages:ja","entityId":"guide:income-combination-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"収入合算・連帯債務の住宅ローン","plainText":"収入合算は、1本の主ローンの下で第二の人の収入を数え審査所得を増やします。その人は保証人または連帯債務者となり、所有や保険の保護なしに責任を負い得ます。\n1本のローンで審査所得を増やす仕組みと、責任・保険の注意点。\n1本の主ローンで第二の人の収入を数え審査所得を増やす。\n収入を出す人は構造により保証人または連帯債務者になる。\n連帯債務者は債務全額の責任を負い得る。\n収入提供者は、所有や団信の保護なしに責任を負い得る。\n収入合算の仕組み\n収入合算は、第二の人（通常は配偶者）の収入を数えることで、1本の主ローンの審査所得を増やします。ペアローンの2本の別ローンと異なり、これは1本のローン構造です。取り決めにより、収入提供者は連帯保証人または連帯債務者になります。一部のフラット35は、各債務者が持分だけでなく債務全額の責任を負い得る連帯債務の仕組みを使います。\n責任と保険の注意点\n重要な注意点は、合算する人が所有持分や団信の保護に見合わない責任を負い得ることです。連帯保証人や連帯債務者は債務を追及され得ますが、比例した名義を持たないことがあり、団信は主債務者のみを対象とし得ます。主債務者が死亡すると、収入提供者はなお責任を負いながら保険金を受け取れないことがあります。より単純な単独ローンより収入合算を選ぶ前に、誰が何を所有し、誰が被保険者で、死亡・離婚・収入減で何が起きるかを確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：1本の主ローンで第二の人の収入を数え審査所得を増やす。収入を出す人は構造により保証人または連帯債務者になる。連帯債務者は債務全額の責任を負い得る。収入提供者は、所有や団信の保護なしに責任を負い得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/income-combination-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-combined-income","faq:loan-contributor-liable"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pair-loans","guide:pair-loan-vs-income-combination","guide:parent-child-relay-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"収入合算は、1本の主ローンの下で第二の人の収入を数え審査所得を増やします。その人は保証人または連帯債務者となり、所有や保険の保護なしに責任を負い得ます。\n1本のローンで審査所得を増やす仕組みと、責任・保険の注意点。\n1本の主ローンで第二の人の収入を数え審査所得を増やす。\n収入を出す人は構造により保証人または連帯債務者になる。\n連帯債務者は債務全額の責任を負い得る。\n収入提供者は、所有や団信の保護なしに責任を負い得る。\n収入合算の仕組み\n収入合算は、第二の人（通常は配偶者）の収入を数えることで、1本の主ローンの審査所得を増やします。ペアローンの2本の別ローンと異なり、これは1本のローン構造です。取り決めにより、収入提供者は連帯保証人または連帯債務者になります。一部のフラット35は、各債務者が持分だけでなく債務全額の責任を負い得る連帯債務の仕組みを使います。\n責任と保険の注意点\n重要な注意点は、合算する人が所有持分や団信の保護に見合わない責任を負い得ることです。連帯保証人や連帯債務者は債務を追及され得ますが、比例した名義を持たないことがあり、団信は主債務者のみを対象とし得ます。主債務者が死亡すると、収入提供者はなお責任を負いながら保険金を受け取れないことがあります。より単純な単独ローンより収入合算を選ぶ前に、誰が何を所有し、誰が被保険者で、死亡・離婚・収入減で何が起きるかを確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：1本の主ローンで第二の人の収入を数え審査所得を増やす。収入を出す人は構造により保証人または連帯債務者になる。連帯債務者は債務全額の責任を負い得る。収入提供者は、所有や団信の保護なしに責任を負い得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/income-combination-mortgages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:parent-child-relay-mortgages:ja","entityId":"guide:parent-child-relay-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"親子リレー住宅ローン","plainText":"親子リレーローンは返済期間を若い後継の借り手に一部基づかせて期間を延ばしますが、相続・居住・所有・保険・家族間の公平性のリスクを伴い、専門家の計画が必要です。\n世代をまたぐ返済計画と、相続・所有・家族間トラブルのリスク。\n返済期間を若い後継の借り手に一部基づかせ、より長い期間を可能にする。\n世代をまたぐ住まいと返済計画を支え得る。\n相続・居住・所有・保険・兄弟間の公平性の問題に計画が必要。\n決める前に名義・債務・保険について専門家の助言を受ける。\nリレーローンの仕組み\n親子リレー住宅ローンは、返済期間を若い後継の借り手（通常は子）に一部基づかせるため、親の年齢だけでは認められないより長い期間でローンを組めます。親が当初返済し子が引き継ぐことで、世代をまたぐ住宅購入や建て替えが実現し得ます。長寿命の資産を二世代の返済計画に合わせる一つの方法です。\n相続と家族のリスク\nこの構造は二世代の資金と相続を絡めるため、慎重な計画が必要です。誰がどの持分で物件を所有するか、誰が居住するか、親の死亡時に債務と名義がどう移るか、団信が適切な時に適切な人を対象とするか、そして見落とされがちな、ローンに入っていない兄弟間の公平性を考えましょう。リレーローンは相続計画の健全な一部になり得ますが、名義・債務・保険・兄弟の公平性には税理士、必要に応じて弁護士や司法書士の専門的助言が要ります。\n押さえておきたい要点：返済期間を若い後継の借り手に一部基づかせ、より長い期間を可能にする。世代をまたぐ住まいと返済計画を支え得る。相続・居住・所有・保険・兄弟間の公平性の問題に計画が必要。決める前に名義・債務・保険について専門家の助言を受ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/parent-child-relay-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-parent-child-relay","faq:loan-relay-inheritance"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:income-combination-mortgages","guide:property-inheritance-gifts","guide:reverse-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Justice","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"親子リレーローンは返済期間を若い後継の借り手に一部基づかせて期間を延ばしますが、相続・居住・所有・保険・家族間の公平性のリスクを伴い、専門家の計画が必要です。\n世代をまたぐ返済計画と、相続・所有・家族間トラブルのリスク。\n返済期間を若い後継の借り手に一部基づかせ、より長い期間を可能にする。\n世代をまたぐ住まいと返済計画を支え得る。\n相続・居住・所有・保険・兄弟間の公平性の問題に計画が必要。\n決める前に名義・債務・保険について専門家の助言を受ける。\nリレーローンの仕組み\n親子リレー住宅ローンは、返済期間を若い後継の借り手（通常は子）に一部基づかせるため、親の年齢だけでは認められないより長い期間でローンを組めます。親が当初返済し子が引き継ぐことで、世代をまたぐ住宅購入や建て替えが実現し得ます。長寿命の資産を二世代の返済計画に合わせる一つの方法です。\n相続と家族のリスク\nこの構造は二世代の資金と相続を絡めるため、慎重な計画が必要です。誰がどの持分で物件を所有するか、誰が居住するか、親の死亡時に債務と名義がどう移るか、団信が適切な時に適切な人を対象とするか、そして見落とされがちな、ローンに入っていない兄弟間の公平性を考えましょう。リレーローンは相続計画の健全な一部になり得ますが、名義・債務・保険・兄弟の公平性には税理士、必要に応じて弁護士や司法書士の専門的助言が要ります。\n押さえておきたい要点：返済期間を若い後継の借り手に一部基づかせ、より長い期間を可能にする。世代をまたぐ住まいと返済計画を支え得る。相続・居住・所有・保険・兄弟間の公平性の問題に計画が必要。決める前に名義・債務・保険について専門家の助言を受ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/parent-child-relay-mortgages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-refinancing:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-refinancing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の住宅ローン借り換え","plainText":"借換は住宅ローンを（通常は別の銀行の）新しいものに置き換えます。割引現在価値での利息の節約が、新たな事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険の費用を上回るときだけ得になります。\n借換が得になる条件・費用の全体・健康審査・期間延長の落とし穴。\n金利差だけでなく、残りの利息の節約を新たな費用全体と比較する。\n新費用は事務手数料・抵当権抹消と設定登記・司法書士・鑑定を含む。\n借換は通常、新たな団信と健康審査を要する。\n期間の延長は、低金利でも総コストの増加を隠し得る。\n借換が得になるとき\n借換は、既存の住宅ローンを（多くは別の銀行の）新しいものに置き換えます。割引現在価値での利息の節約とリスク改善が、新たな費用のすべてを上回るときだけ意味があります。節約できる残りの利息を、新たな事務手数料・抵当権抹消と新設定の登記・司法書士費用・鑑定・保険の差・旧ローンの繰上償還手数料と比較します。大きく見える金利差も手数料で消え得、特に残り数年や残高が小さいローンではそうです。\n健康審査と期間延長\n借換は通常、新たな団信を要するため、あらためての健康審査を伴います。健康状態が悪いと標準の団信が制限され得ますが、引受基準の緩い商品が存在することもあります。永住権の取得は利用できる銀行を広げ得ますが、承認は決して保証されません。期間の延長に注意しましょう。ローンを再び延ばすと毎月の返済は下がり借換が魅力的に見えますが、実際は総利息を増やし得ます。残存期間を同条件で比較し、ローンの再延長で得た低い月返済はメリットでなくコストと捉えましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：金利差だけでなく、残りの利息の節約を新たな費用全体と比較する。新費用は事務手数料・抵当権抹消と設定登記・司法書士・鑑定を含む。借換は通常、新たな団信と健康審査を要する。期間の延長は、低金利でも総コストの増加を隠し得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-refinancing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-refinancing","faq:loan-refinancing-makes-sense","faq:loan-refinancing-health","faq:loan-extend-term-refinancing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","guide:mortgage-refinancing-tool","guide:refinancing-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"借換は住宅ローンを（通常は別の銀行の）新しいものに置き換えます。割引現在価値での利息の節約が、新たな事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険の費用を上回るときだけ得になります。\n借換が得になる条件・費用の全体・健康審査・期間延長の落とし穴。\n金利差だけでなく、残りの利息の節約を新たな費用全体と比較する。\n新費用は事務手数料・抵当権抹消と設定登記・司法書士・鑑定を含む。\n借換は通常、新たな団信と健康審査を要する。\n期間の延長は、低金利でも総コストの増加を隠し得る。\n借換が得になるとき\n借換は、既存の住宅ローンを（多くは別の銀行の）新しいものに置き換えます。割引現在価値での利息の節約とリスク改善が、新たな費用のすべてを上回るときだけ意味があります。節約できる残りの利息を、新たな事務手数料・抵当権抹消と新設定の登記・司法書士費用・鑑定・保険の差・旧ローンの繰上償還手数料と比較します。大きく見える金利差も手数料で消え得、特に残り数年や残高が小さいローンではそうです。\n健康審査と期間延長\n借換は通常、新たな団信を要するため、あらためての健康審査を伴います。健康状態が悪いと標準の団信が制限され得ますが、引受基準の緩い商品が存在することもあります。永住権の取得は利用できる銀行を広げ得ますが、承認は決して保証されません。期間の延長に注意しましょう。ローンを再び延ばすと毎月の返済は下がり借換が魅力的に見えますが、実際は総利息を増やし得ます。残存期間を同条件で比較し、ローンの再延長で得た低い月返済はメリットでなくコストと捉えましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：金利差だけでなく、残りの利息の節約を新たな費用全体と比較する。新費用は事務手数料・抵当権抹消と設定登記・司法書士・鑑定を含む。借換は通常、新たな団信と健康審査を要する。期間の延長は、低金利でも総コストの増加を隠し得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-refinancing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:renovation-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:renovation-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"リフォームローン","plainText":"リフォームローンは修繕・改装・省エネ改良の資金です。抵当権付きや購入＋リフォーム一体型は無担保より安いですが、どんなリフォームも売却価値の上昇を保証しません。\n修繕・改良の資金、担保付きと無担保、過剰投資の落とし穴。\n購入＋リフォーム一体型は工事費を住宅ローンに含められる商品もある。\n無担保のリフォーム資金は通常、抵当権付きより高い。\nリフォームは常に価値を上げるわけではない。個性的・過剰な工事は回収できないことがある。\n図面・除外・保証・支払い計画を伴う、範囲に合った見積りを取る。\n担保付き・無担保・一体型\nリフォームローンは修繕・改装・省エネ改良の資金です。購入＋リフォーム一体型は工事費を住宅ローンそのものに含められ、物件を担保に長期で組めるため通常最も安い資金です。単独の無担保リフォームローンは手配が速い一方、金利が高く期間が短いため通常割高で、大きなプロジェクトより小規模・緊急の工事に向きます。\n過剰投資の落とし穴\nリフォームは常に価値を上げるわけではありません。必要な修繕や価値を保つ改良は住まいを守りますが、極めて個性的な仕上げや地域相場を超える工事（過剰投資）は売却で回収できないことがあります。決める前に、図面・明確な除外・保証・免許の確認・出来高に連動した支払い計画を伴う、範囲に合った見積りを取りましょう。これらのないリフォーム見積りは受けないこと。特に数年で売る可能性があるなら、工事費と、それが加える価値の現実的な見積りを比較しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：購入＋リフォーム一体型は工事費を住宅ローンに含められる商品もある。無担保のリフォーム資金は通常、抵当権付きより高い。リフォームは常に価値を上げるわけではない。個性的・過剰な工事は回収できないことがある。図面・除外・保証・支払い計画を伴う、範囲に合った見積りを取る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/renovation-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-renovation-loan","faq:loan-renovation-in-mortgage","faq:loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive","faq:loan-renovation-increase-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:renovation-costs-financing","guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:renovation-services"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Resona Bank","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"リフォームローンは修繕・改装・省エネ改良の資金です。抵当権付きや購入＋リフォーム一体型は無担保より安いですが、どんなリフォームも売却価値の上昇を保証しません。\n修繕・改良の資金、担保付きと無担保、過剰投資の落とし穴。\n購入＋リフォーム一体型は工事費を住宅ローンに含められる商品もある。\n無担保のリフォーム資金は通常、抵当権付きより高い。\nリフォームは常に価値を上げるわけではない。個性的・過剰な工事は回収できないことがある。\n図面・除外・保証・支払い計画を伴う、範囲に合った見積りを取る。\n担保付き・無担保・一体型\nリフォームローンは修繕・改装・省エネ改良の資金です。購入＋リフォーム一体型は工事費を住宅ローンそのものに含められ、物件を担保に長期で組めるため通常最も安い資金です。単独の無担保リフォームローンは手配が速い一方、金利が高く期間が短いため通常割高で、大きなプロジェクトより小規模・緊急の工事に向きます。\n過剰投資の落とし穴\nリフォームは常に価値を上げるわけではありません。必要な修繕や価値を保つ改良は住まいを守りますが、極めて個性的な仕上げや地域相場を超える工事（過剰投資）は売却で回収できないことがあります。決める前に、図面・明確な除外・保証・免許の確認・出来高に連動した支払い計画を伴う、範囲に合った見積りを取りましょう。これらのないリフォーム見積りは受けないこと。特に数年で売る可能性があるなら、工事費と、それが加える価値の現実的な見積りを比較しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：購入＋リフォーム一体型は工事費を住宅ローンに含められる商品もある。無担保のリフォーム資金は通常、抵当権付きより高い。リフォームは常に価値を上げるわけではない。個性的・過剰な工事は回収できないことがある。図面・除外・保証・支払い計画を伴う、範囲に合った見積りを取る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/renovation-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:second-home-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:second-home-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"セカンドハウスローン","plainText":"セカンドハウスローンは、本当の第二の住まいを、主たる住宅ローンより高い金利・頭金で融資します。賃貸投資への偽装に使ってはいけません。\n本当のセカンドハウスの資金と、賃貸投資に偽装してはならない理由。\n本当の第二の住まい用で、賃貸・投資物件用ではない。\n通常、主たる住宅ローンより高金利・頭金が多い。\n賃貸への偽装はローンや保険の条件に反し得る。\n申込前に、適格なセカンドハウスの貸し手の定義を確認する。\nセカンドハウスローンとは\nセカンドハウスローンは、本当に自分で使う第二の住まい（別荘や勤務地近くの平日の拠点など）を融資するもので、賃貸に出す物件ではありません。主たる住居ではなく貸し手のリスクも大きいため、居住用ローンより高い金利と多い頭金を見込み、適格なセカンドハウスの貸し手の具体的な定義を確認しましょう。想定より狭いことがあります。\n本当のセカンドハウスであること\n決定的なルールは、セカンドハウスローンは賃貸投資ローンではないということです。消費者向け価格のセカンドハウスローンを借りて物件を賃貸に出すと、ローン契約・火災保険の条件、場合により建築や用途地域の規則に反し、期限の利益喪失などの帰結にさらされ得ます。本当の狙いが家賃なら投資用物件ローンを使い、事業として採算を見ましょう。安い融資を得るために投資をセカンドハウスと偽ってはいけません。\n押さえておきたい要点：本当の第二の住まい用で、賃貸・投資物件用ではない。通常、主たる住宅ローンより高金利・頭金が多い。賃貸への偽装はローンや保険の条件に反し得る。申込前に、適格なセカンドハウスの貸し手の定義を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/second-home-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-flat35-second-home","faq:loan-residential-for-investment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:investment-property-loans","guide:home-vs-investment-property","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"セカンドハウスローンは、本当の第二の住まいを、主たる住宅ローンより高い金利・頭金で融資します。賃貸投資への偽装に使ってはいけません。\n本当のセカンドハウスの資金と、賃貸投資に偽装してはならない理由。\n本当の第二の住まい用で、賃貸・投資物件用ではない。\n通常、主たる住宅ローンより高金利・頭金が多い。\n賃貸への偽装はローンや保険の条件に反し得る。\n申込前に、適格なセカンドハウスの貸し手の定義を確認する。\nセカンドハウスローンとは\nセカンドハウスローンは、本当に自分で使う第二の住まい（別荘や勤務地近くの平日の拠点など）を融資するもので、賃貸に出す物件ではありません。主たる住居ではなく貸し手のリスクも大きいため、居住用ローンより高い金利と多い頭金を見込み、適格なセカンドハウスの貸し手の具体的な定義を確認しましょう。想定より狭いことがあります。\n本当のセカンドハウスであること\n決定的なルールは、セカンドハウスローンは賃貸投資ローンではないということです。消費者向け価格のセカンドハウスローンを借りて物件を賃貸に出すと、ローン契約・火災保険の条件、場合により建築や用途地域の規則に反し、期限の利益喪失などの帰結にさらされ得ます。本当の狙いが家賃なら投資用物件ローンを使い、事業として採算を見ましょう。安い融資を得るために投資をセカンドハウスと偽ってはいけません。\n押さえておきたい要点：本当の第二の住まい用で、賃貸・投資物件用ではない。通常、主たる住宅ローンより高金利・頭金が多い。賃貸への偽装はローンや保険の条件に反し得る。申込前に、適格なセカンドハウスの貸し手の定義を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/second-home-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:investment-property-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:investment-property-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産投資ローン","plainText":"不動産投資ローンは、収益用のマンションや戸建てを、事業審査の下で高い金利で融資し、通常はリコース（遡及）です。空室・金利上昇・出口を試算し、居住用ローンで代用しないこと。\n収益物件への事業審査と、居住の申告を正直にすべき理由。\n居住用より高い金利での事業審査。\n日本のローンは書面に別段の定めがない限り通常リコース。\n空室・赤字・金利上昇・売却難・出口を試算する。\n居住用ローンで賃貸を融資しない。居住の偽装は詐欺に近い。\n事業審査\n不動産投資ローンは、収益用のマンションや戸建てを融資し、消費者の居住用ローンより高い金利で事業として審査されます。投資ローンの金利は公表されず、見積りベース・物件ベースであることが多いです。重要なのは、日本のローンは書面に明示がない限り通常リコース（遡及）で、売却後の不足額が個人に及び得ることです。頼る前に、粗利回りではなくNOI・DSCR・空室・現実的な出口で採算を見ましょう。\n居住の申告は正直に\n最も重要な警告は、居住用ローンを安易に投資ローンに転換できないことです。転居・長期賃貸・民泊・自宅での事業は、ローン・保険・建築・用途地域・管理規約に反し得、居住の偽装は否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺の懸念・保険や税の帰結を招きます。家賃を得る計画なら最初から不動産投資ローンを使い、居住の申告を正確に保ちましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：居住用より高い金利での事業審査。日本のローンは書面に別段の定めがない限り通常リコース。空室・赤字・金利上昇・売却難・出口を試算する。居住用ローンで賃貸を融資しない。居住の偽装は詐欺に近い。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/investment-property-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-residential-for-investment","faq:loan-misstate-occupancy","faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:apartment-building-loans","guide:home-vs-investment-property","guide:property-investment-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Suruga Bank","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"不動産投資ローンは、収益用のマンションや戸建てを、事業審査の下で高い金利で融資し、通常はリコース（遡及）です。空室・金利上昇・出口を試算し、居住用ローンで代用しないこと。\n収益物件への事業審査と、居住の申告を正直にすべき理由。\n居住用より高い金利での事業審査。\n日本のローンは書面に別段の定めがない限り通常リコース。\n空室・赤字・金利上昇・売却難・出口を試算する。\n居住用ローンで賃貸を融資しない。居住の偽装は詐欺に近い。\n事業審査\n不動産投資ローンは、収益用のマンションや戸建てを融資し、消費者の居住用ローンより高い金利で事業として審査されます。投資ローンの金利は公表されず、見積りベース・物件ベースであることが多いです。重要なのは、日本のローンは書面に明示がない限り通常リコース（遡及）で、売却後の不足額が個人に及び得ることです。頼る前に、粗利回りではなくNOI・DSCR・空室・現実的な出口で採算を見ましょう。\n居住の申告は正直に\n最も重要な警告は、居住用ローンを安易に投資ローンに転換できないことです。転居・長期賃貸・民泊・自宅での事業は、ローン・保険・建築・用途地域・管理規約に反し得、居住の偽装は否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺の懸念・保険や税の帰結を招きます。家賃を得る計画なら最初から不動産投資ローンを使い、居住の申告を正確に保ちましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：居住用より高い金利での事業審査。日本のローンは書面に別段の定めがない限り通常リコース。空室・赤字・金利上昇・売却難・出口を試算する。居住用ローンで賃貸を融資しない。居住の偽装は詐欺に近い。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/investment-property-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:apartment-building-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:apartment-building-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"アパート・マンション一棟ローン","plainText":"アパート・マンション一棟ローンは、賃貸の建物一棟を事業として融資し、一つの資産に集中させます。構造・入居者・規制のリスクは1戸購入をはるかに上回ります。\n一棟賃貸の融資と、集中・構造・入居者・規制のリスク。\n賃貸の建物一棟を集中した事業投資として融資する。\n構造修繕（屋根・外壁・エレベーター・配管）は大きく周期的。\n入居者・空室・規制のリスクは戸数に応じて大きくなる。\n戸別の粗利回りでなく建物全体のNOI・資本的支出・出口で採算を見る。\n一棟の賃貸事業\nアパート・マンション一棟ローンは、賃貸の建物一棟（土地と構造）を事業として融資します。区分マンション1戸に比べ、資産と立地の一つに全エクスポージャーを集中させるため、人口動態の変化・地元の雇用主の撤退・賃貸の供給過剰が全戸を同時に直撃します。利点は建物全体と管理を掌握できること、欠点は投資内での分散がないことです。\n構造・入居者・規制のリスク\n一棟は一棟分のコストを伴います。屋根・外壁・エレベーター・配管・防水は計画的に更新が必要で、その資本的工事は非常に大きくなり得ます。入居者の入替・空室・滞納は戸数に応じて大きくなり、建物は全戸で消防・避難・その他の規制に適合する必要があります。表面的な戸別粗利回りでなく、建物全体のNOI・現実的な資本的支出の積立・信頼できる出口（誰がどの利回りで何年後に建物を買うか）で採算を見ましょう。これは受動的な購入でなく事業です。\n押さえておきたい要点：賃貸の建物一棟を集中した事業投資として融資する。構造修繕（屋根・外壁・エレベーター・配管）は大きく周期的。入居者・空室・規制のリスクは戸数に応じて大きくなる。戸別の粗利回りでなく建物全体のNOI・資本的支出・出口で採算を見る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/apartment-building-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-apartment-loan","faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse","faq:loan-gross-yield"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:investment-property-loans","guide:property-investment-japan","guide:property-investment-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Suruga Bank","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true},{"publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"アパート・マンション一棟ローンは、賃貸の建物一棟を事業として融資し、一つの資産に集中させます。構造・入居者・規制のリスクは1戸購入をはるかに上回ります。\n一棟賃貸の融資と、集中・構造・入居者・規制のリスク。\n賃貸の建物一棟を集中した事業投資として融資する。\n構造修繕（屋根・外壁・エレベーター・配管）は大きく周期的。\n入居者・空室・規制のリスクは戸数に応じて大きくなる。\n戸別の粗利回りでなく建物全体のNOI・資本的支出・出口で採算を見る。\n一棟の賃貸事業\nアパート・マンション一棟ローンは、賃貸の建物一棟（土地と構造）を事業として融資します。区分マンション1戸に比べ、資産と立地の一つに全エクスポージャーを集中させるため、人口動態の変化・地元の雇用主の撤退・賃貸の供給過剰が全戸を同時に直撃します。利点は建物全体と管理を掌握できること、欠点は投資内での分散がないことです。\n構造・入居者・規制のリスク\n一棟は一棟分のコストを伴います。屋根・外壁・エレベーター・配管・防水は計画的に更新が必要で、その資本的工事は非常に大きくなり得ます。入居者の入替・空室・滞納は戸数に応じて大きくなり、建物は全戸で消防・避難・その他の規制に適合する必要があります。表面的な戸別粗利回りでなく、建物全体のNOI・現実的な資本的支出の積立・信頼できる出口（誰がどの利回りで何年後に建物を買うか）で採算を見ましょう。これは受動的な購入でなく事業です。\n押さえておきたい要点：賃貸の建物一棟を集中した事業投資として融資する。構造修繕（屋根・外壁・エレベーター・配管）は大きく周期的。入居者・空室・規制のリスクは戸数に応じて大きくなる。戸別の粗利回りでなく建物全体のNOI・資本的支出・出口で採算を見る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/apartment-building-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bridging-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:bridging-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産購入のつなぎ融資","plainText":"つなぎ融資は、長期の住宅ローンが実行される前の、土地・分割建築・時間差のための短期資金です。有用ですが高コストで、本融資が遅れると危険です。\n土地・分割建築・時間差のための短期資金と、その失敗リスク。\n住宅ローン実行前の土地購入や分割建築の支払いを賄う。\n通常の住宅ローンより短期・高コスト。\n土地＋建築や分割建築の買い手がよく使う。\n本融資が遅れる・不成立になると危険。\nつなぎ融資の仕組み\nつなぎ融資は、長期の住宅ローンが実行される前に到来する支払いを賄う短期資金です。家を建てるとき、完成した住まいが本融資の担保として存在するずっと前に、土地代を払い分割の建築代金を支払うことが多く、つなぎ融資がその隙間を埋めます。土地＋建築や分割建築の買い手がよく使い、本融資が実行されると返済されます。\n高コストと失敗リスク\nつなぎ融資は便利ですが、短期の高コストと現実的な失敗リスクを伴います。短期で専門的なため金利や手数料は住宅ローンより高く、計画全体が本融資の予定どおりの実行を前提とします。本融資が遅れると（完成物件が担保評価に通らない、状況が変わる、承認がずれ込むなど）、返済原資のない高コストのつなぎ融資を抱え得ます。つなぎに頼る前に本融資の条件と時期を確認し、遅延への備えを持ちましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：住宅ローン実行前の土地購入や分割建築の支払いを賄う。通常の住宅ローンより短期・高コスト。土地＋建築や分割建築の買い手がよく使う。本融資が遅れる・不成立になると危険。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/bridging-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-bridge","faq:loan-who-uses-bridge"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:buying-property-japan","guide:mortgages-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"つなぎ融資は、長期の住宅ローンが実行される前の、土地・分割建築・時間差のための短期資金です。有用ですが高コストで、本融資が遅れると危険です。\n土地・分割建築・時間差のための短期資金と、その失敗リスク。\n住宅ローン実行前の土地購入や分割建築の支払いを賄う。\n通常の住宅ローンより短期・高コスト。\n土地＋建築や分割建築の買い手がよく使う。\n本融資が遅れる・不成立になると危険。\nつなぎ融資の仕組み\nつなぎ融資は、長期の住宅ローンが実行される前に到来する支払いを賄う短期資金です。家を建てるとき、完成した住まいが本融資の担保として存在するずっと前に、土地代を払い分割の建築代金を支払うことが多く、つなぎ融資がその隙間を埋めます。土地＋建築や分割建築の買い手がよく使い、本融資が実行されると返済されます。\n高コストと失敗リスク\nつなぎ融資は便利ですが、短期の高コストと現実的な失敗リスクを伴います。短期で専門的なため金利や手数料は住宅ローンより高く、計画全体が本融資の予定どおりの実行を前提とします。本融資が遅れると（完成物件が担保評価に通らない、状況が変わる、承認がずれ込むなど）、返済原資のない高コストのつなぎ融資を抱え得ます。つなぎに頼る前に本融資の条件と時期を確認し、遅延への備えを持ちましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：住宅ローン実行前の土地購入や分割建築の支払いを賄う。通常の住宅ローンより短期・高コスト。土地＋建築や分割建築の買い手がよく使う。本融資が遅れる・不成立になると危険。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/bridging-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:reverse-mortgages:ja","entityId":"guide:reverse-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のリバースモーゲージ","plainText":"リバースモーゲージは、高齢の所有者が自宅の資産価値を担保に借り、返済を原則死亡または売却まで繰り延べます。ただし利息は積み上がり、価値下落のリスクがあり、相続人にほとんど資産が残らないことがあります。\n老後に自宅の資産価値を担保に借りる仕組みと、利息・価値・相続人のリスク。\n自宅に住み続けながら現金を得たい高齢の所有者向け。\n返済は原則、死亡または売却まで繰り延べられる。\n利息は時間とともに積み上がり残る資産を目減りさせ得る。\n遡及・評価・相続人の扱いは商品や自治体で異なる。\nリバースモーゲージの仕組み\nリバースモーゲージは、高齢の所有者が自宅の資産価値を担保に借り、通常は一時金または定期的な支払いを受け取りながら住み続け、返済は原則、死亡または物件の売却まで繰り延べられます。転居せずに老後のキャッシュフローを得られます。仕組みは商品ごとに、また一部の制度では参加する自治体や保証構造によって大きく異なるため、一般的な概念よりも細部が重要です。\n利息・価値・相続人\n三つのリスクが際立ちます。第一に、利息が時間とともに積み上がるため、新たに借りなくても債務は増え、残る資産を目減りさせ枯渇させ得ます。第二に、物件価値が下がると資産の緩衝が縮みます。債務が住宅の価値を超え得るかは商品で扱いが異なるため、遡及・評価・相続人の選択肢を丁寧に確認しましょう。第三に、積み上がった債務は住宅から清算されるため、相続人にほとんど資産が残らないことがあります。リバースモーゲージは自分の老後のキャッシュフローを優先する所有者に向き得ますが、家族は事前に相続への影響を理解すべきです。\n押さえておきたい要点：自宅に住み続けながら現金を得たい高齢の所有者向け。返済は原則、死亡または売却まで繰り延べられる。利息は時間とともに積み上がり残る資産を目減りさせ得る。遡及・評価・相続人の扱いは商品や自治体で異なる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/reverse-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-reverse-mortgage","faq:loan-reverse-exceed-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-secured-loans","guide:parent-child-relay-mortgages","guide:property-inheritance-gifts"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Resona Bank","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"リバースモーゲージは、高齢の所有者が自宅の資産価値を担保に借り、返済を原則死亡または売却まで繰り延べます。ただし利息は積み上がり、価値下落のリスクがあり、相続人にほとんど資産が残らないことがあります。\n老後に自宅の資産価値を担保に借りる仕組みと、利息・価値・相続人のリスク。\n自宅に住み続けながら現金を得たい高齢の所有者向け。\n返済は原則、死亡または売却まで繰り延べられる。\n利息は時間とともに積み上がり残る資産を目減りさせ得る。\n遡及・評価・相続人の扱いは商品や自治体で異なる。\nリバースモーゲージの仕組み\nリバースモーゲージは、高齢の所有者が自宅の資産価値を担保に借り、通常は一時金または定期的な支払いを受け取りながら住み続け、返済は原則、死亡または物件の売却まで繰り延べられます。転居せずに老後のキャッシュフローを得られます。仕組みは商品ごとに、また一部の制度では参加する自治体や保証構造によって大きく異なるため、一般的な概念よりも細部が重要です。\n利息・価値・相続人\n三つのリスクが際立ちます。第一に、利息が時間とともに積み上がるため、新たに借りなくても債務は増え、残る資産を目減りさせ枯渇させ得ます。第二に、物件価値が下がると資産の緩衝が縮みます。債務が住宅の価値を超え得るかは商品で扱いが異なるため、遡及・評価・相続人の選択肢を丁寧に確認しましょう。第三に、積み上がった債務は住宅から清算されるため、相続人にほとんど資産が残らないことがあります。リバースモーゲージは自分の老後のキャッシュフローを優先する所有者に向き得ますが、家族は事前に相続への影響を理解すべきです。\n押さえておきたい要点：自宅に住み続けながら現金を得たい高齢の所有者向け。返済は原則、死亡または売却まで繰り延べられる。利息は時間とともに積み上がり残る資産を目減りさせ得る。遡及・評価・相続人の扱いは商品や自治体で異なる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/reverse-mortgages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-secured-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:property-secured-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産担保ローン","plainText":"不動産担保ローンは、事業・相続・税・流動性など広い目的のための、不動産を担保にしたローンです。金利は下がりますが、住宅以外の支出のために住まいを危険にさらします。\n不動産を担保に広い目的で借りる仕組みと、支出リスクを住まい喪失リスクに変える理由。\n不動産への抵当権登記を担保にした、広い目的のローン。\n住まいが担保となるため無担保より低金利。\n支出や事業のリスクを、住まいを失うリスクに変える。\n通常の消費支出のために自宅を担保にするのは概ね勧められない。\n不動産担保ローンとは\n不動産担保ローンは、住まいの購入そのものより広い目的（事業資金・相続や税の負担・一般的な流動性）のための、所有する不動産への抵当権登記を担保にしたローンです。物件が債務を担保するため、無担保のカード・消費者信用より金利は低く期間は長くなり、大きく本当に必要な用途には魅力的になり得ます。\n受け入れるリスク\nトレードオフは厳しいものです。不動産担保ローンは、支出や事業のリスクを住まい喪失のリスクに変えます。目的が失敗すれば（事業がうまくいかない、生産的な資産でなく消費に充てる）、家族の住まいを執行で失い得ます。通常の消費支出のために自宅を担保にするのは概ね勧められません。この構造は、代替がより悪い、本当に必要でよく理解された用途に限り、金額を物件価値に対し保守的に保ち、住まいを差し入れる前に独立した助言を受けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：不動産への抵当権登記を担保にした、広い目的のローン。住まいが担保となるため無担保より低金利。支出や事業のリスクを、住まいを失うリスクに変える。通常の消費支出のために自宅を担保にするのは概ね勧められない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-secured-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-secured-property-loan","faq:loan-secure-consumer-spending"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:reverse-mortgages","guide:secured-vs-unsecured","guide:consumer-loans"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Suruga Bank","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"不動産担保ローンは、事業・相続・税・流動性など広い目的のための、不動産を担保にしたローンです。金利は下がりますが、住宅以外の支出のために住まいを危険にさらします。\n不動産を担保に広い目的で借りる仕組みと、支出リスクを住まい喪失リスクに変える理由。\n不動産への抵当権登記を担保にした、広い目的のローン。\n住まいが担保となるため無担保より低金利。\n支出や事業のリスクを、住まいを失うリスクに変える。\n通常の消費支出のために自宅を担保にするのは概ね勧められない。\n不動産担保ローンとは\n不動産担保ローンは、住まいの購入そのものより広い目的（事業資金・相続や税の負担・一般的な流動性）のための、所有する不動産への抵当権登記を担保にしたローンです。物件が債務を担保するため、無担保のカード・消費者信用より金利は低く期間は長くなり、大きく本当に必要な用途には魅力的になり得ます。\n受け入れるリスク\nトレードオフは厳しいものです。不動産担保ローンは、支出や事業のリスクを住まい喪失のリスクに変えます。目的が失敗すれば（事業がうまくいかない、生産的な資産でなく消費に充てる）、家族の住まいを執行で失い得ます。通常の消費支出のために自宅を担保にするのは概ね勧められません。この構造は、代替がより悪い、本当に必要でよく理解された用途に限り、金額を物件価値に対し保守的に保ち、住まいを差し入れる前に独立した助言を受けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：不動産への抵当権登記を担保にした、広い目的のローン。住まいが担保となるため無担保より低金利。支出や事業のリスクを、住まいを失うリスクに変える。通常の消費支出のために自宅を担保にするのは概ね勧められない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-secured-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:online-vs-traditional-mortgages:ja","entityId":"guide:online-vs-traditional-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ネット銀行と従来型銀行の住宅ローン","plainText":"ネット銀行は書類が整った標準的な案件に向き、低い広告金利とデジタル手続きが特徴。従来型の店舗銀行は複雑な収入・物件・言語のニーズに向き得ます。\n金利・手続き・例外対応・店舗・書類・言語を比較。\nネット：低い広告金利・デジタル申込・標準化された書類。\n従来型：店舗の助言・例外対応・地域の関係。\nネット金利は変動的。申込日と実行日にページを保存する。\n複雑な収入や物件は人による審査が必要になりがち。\n中核のトレードオフ\nネット銀行（au Jibun Bank、住信SBIネット銀行、PayPay銀行、ソニー銀行、楽天銀行）は低金利と、標準化された書類での完全デジタル申込を掲げ、収入と物件が一般的で書類が整っている場合に理想的です。従来型の店舗銀行（メガバンク、地方銀行）は対面の助言・例外対応の余地・地域の関係を提供し、複雑な収入・特殊な物件・全過程を対面で説明してほしい場合に効いてきます。\n判断の仕方\n雇用が安定した給与所得で、物件が標準的で、日本語でのオンライン申込に抵抗がないなら、ネット銀行の低金利は魅力的です。ただしネット金利は変わり得るため、申込日と実行日に金利ページを保存しましょう。収入が自営や海外、物件が借地や特殊、英語対応や対面の案内が必要なら、店舗銀行や専門の貸し手が、やや高い金利でも価値があり得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：ネット：低い広告金利・デジタル申込・標準化された書類。従来型：店舗の助言・例外対応・地域の関係。ネット金利は変動的。申込日と実行日にページを保存する。複雑な収入や物件は人による審査が必要になりがち。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/online-vs-traditional-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:online-mortgage-lenders","guide:major-bank-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/contents/lineup/homeloan/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"ネット銀行は書類が整った標準的な案件に向き、低い広告金利とデジタル手続きが特徴。従来型の店舗銀行は複雑な収入・物件・言語のニーズに向き得ます。\n金利・手続き・例外対応・店舗・書類・言語を比較。\nネット：低い広告金利・デジタル申込・標準化された書類。\n従来型：店舗の助言・例外対応・地域の関係。\nネット金利は変動的。申込日と実行日にページを保存する。\n複雑な収入や物件は人による審査が必要になりがち。\n中核のトレードオフ\nネット銀行（au Jibun Bank、住信SBIネット銀行、PayPay銀行、ソニー銀行、楽天銀行）は低金利と、標準化された書類での完全デジタル申込を掲げ、収入と物件が一般的で書類が整っている場合に理想的です。従来型の店舗銀行（メガバンク、地方銀行）は対面の助言・例外対応の余地・地域の関係を提供し、複雑な収入・特殊な物件・全過程を対面で説明してほしい場合に効いてきます。\n判断の仕方\n雇用が安定した給与所得で、物件が標準的で、日本語でのオンライン申込に抵抗がないなら、ネット銀行の低金利は魅力的です。ただしネット金利は変わり得るため、申込日と実行日に金利ページを保存しましょう。収入が自営や海外、物件が借地や特殊、英語対応や対面の案内が必要なら、店舗銀行や専門の貸し手が、やや高い金利でも価値があり得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：ネット：低い広告金利・デジタル申込・標準化された書類。従来型：店舗の助言・例外対応・地域の関係。ネット金利は変動的。申込日と実行日にページを保存する。複雑な収入や物件は人による審査が必要になりがち。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/online-vs-traditional-mortgages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage:ja","entityId":"guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"固定と変動の住宅ローン","plainText":"2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる家計のみ変動を選び、確実性を求め上昇を吸収できないなら固定を選びます。\n当初返済・ストレスシナリオ・確実性・損益分岐・リスクを比較。\n変動は当初金利が低いが上昇は借り手が負担。\n固定は当初金利が高いが所定の金利リスクは貸し手が負担。\n変動を選ぶ前に＋1・＋2・＋3%でストレステスト。\n損益分岐は金利がどれだけ速く上がるか次第。\n中核のトレードオフ\n変動は低く始まるため当初返済は小さいものの、上昇のリスクを負います。2026年に日本はゼロ金利期を脱しました。固定（フラット35を含む）は高く始まり、所定の金利リスクを貸し手が負うため確実性を買います。正しい選択は金利予測ではなく、外れたときに家計が上昇を吸収できるかどうかです。\n判断ルール\n提示金利＋1・＋2・＋3%で返済額を試算します。＋2〜＋3%のストレスを売らずに耐えられ（ストレス下の住居費が手取りの堅実な割合に収まる）なら、変動は理にかない、低コストが勝ち得ます。耐えられないなら固定を選び、高い金利は安眠の対価と捉えます。単一収入の家計・きつい予算・下落局面で早く売れない人にとって、確実性には実質的な価値があります。\n押さえておきたい要点：変動は当初金利が低いが上昇は借り手が負担。固定は当初金利が高いが所定の金利リスクは貸し手が負担。変動を選ぶ前に＋1・＋2・＋3%でストレステスト。損益分岐は金利がどれだけ速く上がるか次第。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","faq:loan-variable-risky","faq:loan-fixed-risk-free"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:variable-rate-mortgages","guide:fixed-rate-mortgages","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる家計のみ変動を選び、確実性を求め上昇を吸収できないなら固定を選びます。\n当初返済・ストレスシナリオ・確実性・損益分岐・リスクを比較。\n変動は当初金利が低いが上昇は借り手が負担。\n固定は当初金利が高いが所定の金利リスクは貸し手が負担。\n変動を選ぶ前に＋1・＋2・＋3%でストレステスト。\n損益分岐は金利がどれだけ速く上がるか次第。\n中核のトレードオフ\n変動は低く始まるため当初返済は小さいものの、上昇のリスクを負います。2026年に日本はゼロ金利期を脱しました。固定（フラット35を含む）は高く始まり、所定の金利リスクを貸し手が負うため確実性を買います。正しい選択は金利予測ではなく、外れたときに家計が上昇を吸収できるかどうかです。\n判断ルール\n提示金利＋1・＋2・＋3%で返済額を試算します。＋2〜＋3%のストレスを売らずに耐えられ（ストレス下の住居費が手取りの堅実な割合に収まる）なら、変動は理にかない、低コストが勝ち得ます。耐えられないなら固定を選び、高い金利は安眠の対価と捉えます。単一収入の家計・きつい予算・下落局面で早く売れない人にとって、確実性には実質的な価値があります。\n押さえておきたい要点：変動は当初金利が低いが上昇は借り手が負担。固定は当初金利が高いが所定の金利リスクは貸し手が負担。変動を選ぶ前に＋1・＋2・＋3%でストレステスト。損益分岐は金利がどれだけ速く上がるか次第。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage:ja","entityId":"guide:flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35と銀行ローン","plainText":"全期間の確実性と適格な物件ならフラット35、強い申込者で当初コストの低さと手厚い保険なら銀行ローンを選びます。\n金利構造・物件基準・保険・手数料・柔軟性を比較。\nフラット35：全期間固定・公表された返済比率と物件基準・永住を必ずしも要しない。\n銀行ローン：より低い変動/固定期間金利と手厚い保険の可能性。\nフラット35は物件の技術基準が必要。銀行ローンはより柔軟なことがある。\nフラット35は基準金利が同じでも提供者の手数料を比較する。\n中核のトレードオフ\nフラット35は、公表された返済負担率と物件基準を伴う全期間固定の確実性を提供し、永住を必ずしも求めません。非永住の買い手や予測可能な返済を重視する人には実質的な利点です。銀行ローンはより低い当初の変動・固定期間金利や手厚い団信特約を出し得ますが、貸し手の裁量で価格・審査し、変動を選べば金利リスクをあなたに移します。\n判断の仕方\n確実性がほしい、物件が技術基準を満たす、永住がなく基準の明確なルートが必要なら、フラット35を選びます。金利リスクを吸収できる強い申込者で、最低の当初コストや特定の保険特約を望むなら、銀行ローンを選びます。いずれにせよ、実際に異なる部分（事務手数料モデル・保証と鑑定費用・保険上乗せ・優遇期間）を比較しましょう。フラット35は基準金利が各社で近い一方、手数料は異なるためです。\n押さえておきたい要点：フラット35：全期間固定・公表された返済比率と物件基準・永住を必ずしも要しない。銀行ローン：より低い変動/固定期間金利と手厚い保険の可能性。フラット35は物件の技術基準が必要。銀行ローンはより柔軟なことがある。フラット35は基準金利が同じでも提供者の手数料を比較する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-flat35","faq:loan-flat35-government","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:mortgages-japan","guide:flat-35-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"全期間の確実性と適格な物件ならフラット35、強い申込者で当初コストの低さと手厚い保険なら銀行ローンを選びます。\n金利構造・物件基準・保険・手数料・柔軟性を比較。\nフラット35：全期間固定・公表された返済比率と物件基準・永住を必ずしも要しない。\n銀行ローン：より低い変動/固定期間金利と手厚い保険の可能性。\nフラット35は物件の技術基準が必要。銀行ローンはより柔軟なことがある。\nフラット35は基準金利が同じでも提供者の手数料を比較する。\n中核のトレードオフ\nフラット35は、公表された返済負担率と物件基準を伴う全期間固定の確実性を提供し、永住を必ずしも求めません。非永住の買い手や予測可能な返済を重視する人には実質的な利点です。銀行ローンはより低い当初の変動・固定期間金利や手厚い団信特約を出し得ますが、貸し手の裁量で価格・審査し、変動を選べば金利リスクをあなたに移します。\n判断の仕方\n確実性がほしい、物件が技術基準を満たす、永住がなく基準の明確なルートが必要なら、フラット35を選びます。金利リスクを吸収できる強い申込者で、最低の当初コストや特定の保険特約を望むなら、銀行ローンを選びます。いずれにせよ、実際に異なる部分（事務手数料モデル・保証と鑑定費用・保険上乗せ・優遇期間）を比較しましょう。フラット35は基準金利が各社で近い一方、手数料は異なるためです。\n押さえておきたい要点：フラット35：全期間固定・公表された返済比率と物件基準・永住を必ずしも要しない。銀行ローン：より低い変動/固定期間金利と手厚い保険の可能性。フラット35は物件の技術基準が必要。銀行ローンはより柔軟なことがある。フラット35は基準金利が同じでも提供者の手数料を比較する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pair-loan-vs-income-combination:ja","entityId":"guide:pair-loan-vs-income-combination","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ペアローンと収入合算","plainText":"ペアローンは安定した二つのキャリアと一致した所有に向き双方が控除を受け得ます。収入合算は1本で単純ですが責任と保険の確認が必要です。\n契約・手数料・所有・控除・保険・離婚/死亡リスクを比較。\nペアローン：2本の別ローン・所有・控除の可能性＝2組の手数料。\n収入合算：通常は合算収入の1本の主ローン。\nペアローンは安定した二つのキャリア向け、収入合算はより単純。\nどちらも責任・保険・離婚/死亡の帰結の確認が必要。\n中核のトレードオフ\nペアローンは各パートナー1本ずつの2本のローンで、所有が分かれ双方が住宅ローン控除を受け得ますが、2本の契約は2組の手数料を意味します。収入合算は通常、第二の人の収入を数えて審査所得を増やす1本の主ローンで、設定は単純で安い一方、収入提供者は所有や保険の保護に見合わない責任を負う保証人や連帯債務者になり得ます。\n判断の仕方\nペアローンは、住まいへの長期で一致した意図を持ち、各パートナーが控除を受けたい、安定した二つのキャリアに向きます。収入合算は、1本の契約と低い設定費用を望み、提供者が責任を負うことを受け入れる家計に向きます。いずれも、離婚時（債務と名義は移転や借換まで残る）、死亡時（団信は通常被保険者のローンのみを消す）、育休や収入減の際に何が起きるかを丁寧に確認しましょう。二つの収入が実際どれほど安定かに構造を合わせます。\n押さえておきたい要点：ペアローン：2本の別ローン・所有・控除の可能性＝2組の手数料。収入合算：通常は合算収入の1本の主ローン。ペアローンは安定した二つのキャリア向け、収入合算はより単純。どちらも責任・保険・離婚/死亡の帰結の確認が必要。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/pair-loan-vs-income-combination","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-pair-loan","faq:loan-pair-divorce","faq:loan-what-combined-income","faq:loan-contributor-liable"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pair-loans","guide:income-combination-mortgages","guide:mortgage-life-insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"ペアローンは安定した二つのキャリアと一致した所有に向き双方が控除を受け得ます。収入合算は1本で単純ですが責任と保険の確認が必要です。\n契約・手数料・所有・控除・保険・離婚/死亡リスクを比較。\nペアローン：2本の別ローン・所有・控除の可能性＝2組の手数料。\n収入合算：通常は合算収入の1本の主ローン。\nペアローンは安定した二つのキャリア向け、収入合算はより単純。\nどちらも責任・保険・離婚/死亡の帰結の確認が必要。\n中核のトレードオフ\nペアローンは各パートナー1本ずつの2本のローンで、所有が分かれ双方が住宅ローン控除を受け得ますが、2本の契約は2組の手数料を意味します。収入合算は通常、第二の人の収入を数えて審査所得を増やす1本の主ローンで、設定は単純で安い一方、収入提供者は所有や保険の保護に見合わない責任を負う保証人や連帯債務者になり得ます。\n判断の仕方\nペアローンは、住まいへの長期で一致した意図を持ち、各パートナーが控除を受けたい、安定した二つのキャリアに向きます。収入合算は、1本の契約と低い設定費用を望み、提供者が責任を負うことを受け入れる家計に向きます。いずれも、離婚時（債務と名義は移転や借換まで残る）、死亡時（団信は通常被保険者のローンのみを消す）、育休や収入減の際に何が起きるかを丁寧に確認しましょう。二つの収入が実際どれほど安定かに構造を合わせます。\n押さえておきたい要点：ペアローン：2本の別ローン・所有・控除の可能性＝2組の手数料。収入合算：通常は合算収入の1本の主ローン。ペアローンは安定した二つのキャリア向け、収入合算はより単純。どちらも責任・保険・離婚/死亡の帰結の確認が必要。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/pair-loan-vs-income-combination","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:new-vs-used-property:ja","entityId":"guide:new-vs-used-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の新築と中古","plainText":"検査と管理が良好で価格が築年を反映するなら中古、デベロッパープレミアムと将来の積立リスクを受け入れ最新基準と保証を得るなら新築が有利です。\n価格・保証・状態・修繕・積立金・売却を比較。\n新築：最新基準・保証・当面の修繕少。ただしデベロッパープレミアムと初期積立が小さい。\n中古：低価格・観察可能な履歴。ただし大規模修繕と積立/滞納のリスク。\n中古は建物と会計が既知で、よく検査すれば利点になる。\nどちらも耐震基準・積立の状況・管理を確認する。\n中核のトレードオフ\n新築マンションは最新基準・保証・当面の修繕の少なさを提供しますが、デベロッパープレミアム・小さな初期修繕積立・将来の積立増の可能性・浅い管理の履歴を伴います。中古マンションは、既知の建物と近隣・低価格・確認できる過去の会計を提供する一方、近い時期の大規模修繕・積立不足の可能性・滞納・老朽化した設備や配管という代償があります。\n判断の仕方\n良い検査で状態が健全で、管理が有能で、積立が十分で、価格が築年を反映しているなら中古が有利です。最新基準と保証を重視し、プレミアムを払い積立の増加を受け入れられるなら新築が有利です。どちらも、耐震基準・維持履歴・積立の状況・適法性・瑕疵・災害リスク・売却の流動性を評価しましょう。古い＝悪い、新しい＝安全とは自動的には言えません。\n押さえておきたい要点：新築：最新基準・保証・当面の修繕少。ただしデベロッパープレミアムと初期積立が小さい。中古：低価格・観察可能な履歴。ただし大規模修繕と積立/滞納のリスク。中古は建物と会計が既知で、よく検査すれば利点になる。どちらも耐震基準・積立の状況・管理を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/new-vs-used-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-inspection-guarantee"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:earthquake-standards","guide:condo-repair-reserve"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"検査と管理が良好で価格が築年を反映するなら中古、デベロッパープレミアムと将来の積立リスクを受け入れ最新基準と保証を得るなら新築が有利です。\n価格・保証・状態・修繕・積立金・売却を比較。\n新築：最新基準・保証・当面の修繕少。ただしデベロッパープレミアムと初期積立が小さい。\n中古：低価格・観察可能な履歴。ただし大規模修繕と積立/滞納のリスク。\n中古は建物と会計が既知で、よく検査すれば利点になる。\nどちらも耐震基準・積立の状況・管理を確認する。\n中核のトレードオフ\n新築マンションは最新基準・保証・当面の修繕の少なさを提供しますが、デベロッパープレミアム・小さな初期修繕積立・将来の積立増の可能性・浅い管理の履歴を伴います。中古マンションは、既知の建物と近隣・低価格・確認できる過去の会計を提供する一方、近い時期の大規模修繕・積立不足の可能性・滞納・老朽化した設備や配管という代償があります。\n判断の仕方\n良い検査で状態が健全で、管理が有能で、積立が十分で、価格が築年を反映しているなら中古が有利です。最新基準と保証を重視し、プレミアムを払い積立の増加を受け入れられるなら新築が有利です。どちらも、耐震基準・維持履歴・積立の状況・適法性・瑕疵・災害リスク・売却の流動性を評価しましょう。古い＝悪い、新しい＝安全とは自動的には言えません。\n押さえておきたい要点：新築：最新基準・保証・当面の修繕少。ただしデベロッパープレミアムと初期積立が小さい。中古：低価格・観察可能な履歴。ただし大規模修繕と積立/滞納のリスク。中古は建物と会計が既知で、よく検査すれば利点になる。どちらも耐震基準・積立の状況・管理を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/new-vs-used-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:house-vs-condominium:ja","entityId":"guide:house-vs-condominium","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の一戸建てとマンション","plainText":"土地所有・自由度・自己管理の資本工事なら一戸建て、管理組合の財務が健全なら利便性と中心立地でマンションを選びます。\n土地・自由度・維持・毎月の費用・立地・売却を比較。\n一戸建て：土地所有・自由度・プライバシー・建て替えの柔軟性。\nマンション：共有の維持・防犯・中心立地。\n一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・構造・排水の修繕を自己資金で。\nマンション所有者は管理費・積立金を払い管理規約の下で暮らす。\n中核のトレードオフ\n一戸建ては土地所有・自由度・プライバシー・建て替えの柔軟性を与えますが、屋根・外装・構造・排水・シロアリ・境界の費用をすべて直接負担します。マンションは共有の維持・防犯・多くはより中心的な立地を与えますが、毎月の管理費と修繕積立金を払い、組合の決定と使用制限の下で暮らし、完全には制御できない共同修繕のリスクに直面します。\n判断の仕方\n自由度を重視し、数十年にわたり資本工事を自己管理・自己資金で行う覚悟があるなら一戸建てを選びます。自由には責任と塊で来る費用が伴います。利便性と立地ならマンションですが、組合の財務（積立残高・積立方法・滞納・長期修繕計画・管理の質）を確認してからにしましょう。積立不足を隠す安い月費用は、将来の一時金であり節約ではありません。\n押さえておきたい要点：一戸建て：土地所有・自由度・プライバシー・建て替えの柔軟性。マンション：共有の維持・防犯・中心立地。一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・構造・排水の修繕を自己資金で。マンション所有者は管理費・積立金を払い管理規約の下で暮らす。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/house-vs-condominium","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-fees","faq:loan-condo-check"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:house-maintenance-costs","guide:condo-repair-reserve"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"土地所有・自由度・自己管理の資本工事なら一戸建て、管理組合の財務が健全なら利便性と中心立地でマンションを選びます。\n土地・自由度・維持・毎月の費用・立地・売却を比較。\n一戸建て：土地所有・自由度・プライバシー・建て替えの柔軟性。\nマンション：共有の維持・防犯・中心立地。\n一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・構造・排水の修繕を自己資金で。\nマンション所有者は管理費・積立金を払い管理規約の下で暮らす。\n中核のトレードオフ\n一戸建ては土地所有・自由度・プライバシー・建て替えの柔軟性を与えますが、屋根・外装・構造・排水・シロアリ・境界の費用をすべて直接負担します。マンションは共有の維持・防犯・多くはより中心的な立地を与えますが、毎月の管理費と修繕積立金を払い、組合の決定と使用制限の下で暮らし、完全には制御できない共同修繕のリスクに直面します。\n判断の仕方\n自由度を重視し、数十年にわたり資本工事を自己管理・自己資金で行う覚悟があるなら一戸建てを選びます。自由には責任と塊で来る費用が伴います。利便性と立地ならマンションですが、組合の財務（積立残高・積立方法・滞納・長期修繕計画・管理の質）を確認してからにしましょう。積立不足を隠す安い月費用は、将来の一時金であり節約ではありません。\n押さえておきたい要点：一戸建て：土地所有・自由度・プライバシー・建て替えの柔軟性。マンション：共有の維持・防犯・中心立地。一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・構造・排水の修繕を自己資金で。マンション所有者は管理費・積立金を払い管理規約の下で暮らす。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/house-vs-condominium","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:freehold-vs-leasehold:ja","entityId":"guide:freehold-vs-leasehold","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"所有権と借地権","plainText":"所有権は高価格で永続的な所有を与え、借地権は取得価格を下げる一方、地代・承諾・融資と売却の制約を加えます。\n所有期間・地代・承諾・更新・融資・売却を比較。\n所有権：法と税に服する永続的な所有、取得価格は高い。\n借地権：低い取得価格だが地代と、更新・建替・譲渡の承諾。\n借地権は融資と売却を制約し、定期借地の残存短縮は価値を損なう。\n旧法借地と定期借地は大きく異なる。専門家の確認を。\n中核のトレードオフ\n所有権は、法と税に服する永続的な所有で、取得価格は高いものの、一般的で融資も売却も容易な形です。借地権は他人が所有する土地を使う権利で、取得価格を（時に大幅に）下げ得ますが、地代を払い、更新・建替・譲渡に通常は地主の承諾が必要で、融資と売却を制約します。旧法借地は強い借地人保護を持ち得ますが評価が複雑で、定期借地は定めた期間で終わり残存期間が短くなるほど価値を失います。\n判断の仕方\n融資と売却の容易さを望む多くの買い手には所有権が既定です。借地権は、望ましい立地での低い取得価格として意味を持ち得ますが、地代・承諾条件・残存期間、そして貸し手が融資し将来の買い手が望むかを専門家が確認してからにしましょう。その確認なしに借地権を買わないこと。リスクは掲載価格でなく、借地契約の細部にあります。\n押さえておきたい要点：所有権：法と税に服する永続的な所有、取得価格は高い。借地権：低い取得価格だが地代と、更新・建替・譲渡の承諾。借地権は融資と売却を制約し、定期借地の残存短縮は価値を損なう。旧法借地と定期借地は大きく異なる。専門家の確認を。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/freehold-vs-leasehold","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-freehold","faq:loan-what-leasehold","faq:loan-leasehold-bad","faq:loan-fixed-term-leasehold"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-land-rights","guide:leasehold-property","guide:non-rebuildable-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"所有権は高価格で永続的な所有を与え、借地権は取得価格を下げる一方、地代・承諾・融資と売却の制約を加えます。\n所有期間・地代・承諾・更新・融資・売却を比較。\n所有権：法と税に服する永続的な所有、取得価格は高い。\n借地権：低い取得価格だが地代と、更新・建替・譲渡の承諾。\n借地権は融資と売却を制約し、定期借地の残存短縮は価値を損なう。\n旧法借地と定期借地は大きく異なる。専門家の確認を。\n中核のトレードオフ\n所有権は、法と税に服する永続的な所有で、取得価格は高いものの、一般的で融資も売却も容易な形です。借地権は他人が所有する土地を使う権利で、取得価格を（時に大幅に）下げ得ますが、地代を払い、更新・建替・譲渡に通常は地主の承諾が必要で、融資と売却を制約します。旧法借地は強い借地人保護を持ち得ますが評価が複雑で、定期借地は定めた期間で終わり残存期間が短くなるほど価値を失います。\n判断の仕方\n融資と売却の容易さを望む多くの買い手には所有権が既定です。借地権は、望ましい立地での低い取得価格として意味を持ち得ますが、地代・承諾条件・残存期間、そして貸し手が融資し将来の買い手が望むかを専門家が確認してからにしましょう。その確認なしに借地権を買わないこと。リスクは掲載価格でなく、借地契約の細部にあります。\n押さえておきたい要点：所有権：法と税に服する永続的な所有、取得価格は高い。借地権：低い取得価格だが地代と、更新・建替・譲渡の承諾。借地権は融資と売却を制約し、定期借地の残存短縮は価値を損なう。旧法借地と定期借地は大きく異なる。専門家の確認を。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/freehold-vs-leasehold","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:tokyo-vs-regional-property:ja","entityId":"guide:tokyo-vs-regional-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"東京と地方都市の不動産","plainText":"東京は雇用・賃貸市場が厚いが取得価格が高く利回りは薄め。地方都市は高利回り・低取得価格だが売却が薄く人口動態リスク。都市名でなく地域の需要で採算を見ます。\n取得価格・流動性・雇用・賃料・人口動態・利回りを比較。\n東京：厚い雇用・賃貸市場、高い取得価格、低い粗利回り。\n地方都市：高利回り・低取得価格、薄い売却と人口動態リスク。\n地方の高い粗利回りはしばしば空室と出口リスクとの引き換え。\n都市名でなく目標賃料での地域需要で採算を見る。\n中核のトレードオフ\n東京（ある程度は大阪）は厚い雇用・賃貸市場と概ね流動的な売却を提供しますが、取得価格が高く粗利回りは低めです。地方都市は低い取得価格と高い粗利回りを提供しますが、売却の厚みが薄く、多くの地域で人口が高齢化・減少する人口動態リスクがあります。2026年の地価調査は5年連続の平均上昇を示し、東京・大阪で拡大、他地域はまちまちでした。これは全国平均であり、すべての住宅が値上がりする約束ではありません。\n判断の仕方\n都市名で決めないこと。具体的な地域需要で採算を見ます。入居者や将来の買い手は誰か、目標賃料での需要はどれほど厚いか、貸し手が売却時に融資するか。地方の高い粗利回りはしばしば、まさに空室と出口リスクが高いから存在し、東京の低い利回りも空室と流動性を数えればなお勝ち得ます。立地を戦略（キャッシュフローか流動性か）に合わせ、国交省ライブラリの取引事例で需要を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：東京：厚い雇用・賃貸市場、高い取得価格、低い粗利回り。地方都市：高利回り・低取得価格、薄い売却と人口動態リスク。地方の高い粗利回りはしばしば空室と出口リスクとの引き換え。都市名でなく目標賃料での地域需要で採算を見る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/tokyo-vs-regional-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-tokyo-liquid","faq:loan-regional-yields","faq:loan-good-investment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:property-resale-value","guide:property-investment-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_fr4_000043.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"東京は雇用・賃貸市場が厚いが取得価格が高く利回りは薄め。地方都市は高利回り・低取得価格だが売却が薄く人口動態リスク。都市名でなく地域の需要で採算を見ます。\n取得価格・流動性・雇用・賃料・人口動態・利回りを比較。\n東京：厚い雇用・賃貸市場、高い取得価格、低い粗利回り。\n地方都市：高利回り・低取得価格、薄い売却と人口動態リスク。\n地方の高い粗利回りはしばしば空室と出口リスクとの引き換え。\n都市名でなく目標賃料での地域需要で採算を見る。\n中核のトレードオフ\n東京（ある程度は大阪）は厚い雇用・賃貸市場と概ね流動的な売却を提供しますが、取得価格が高く粗利回りは低めです。地方都市は低い取得価格と高い粗利回りを提供しますが、売却の厚みが薄く、多くの地域で人口が高齢化・減少する人口動態リスクがあります。2026年の地価調査は5年連続の平均上昇を示し、東京・大阪で拡大、他地域はまちまちでした。これは全国平均であり、すべての住宅が値上がりする約束ではありません。\n判断の仕方\n都市名で決めないこと。具体的な地域需要で採算を見ます。入居者や将来の買い手は誰か、目標賃料での需要はどれほど厚いか、貸し手が売却時に融資するか。地方の高い粗利回りはしばしば、まさに空室と出口リスクが高いから存在し、東京の低い利回りも空室と流動性を数えればなお勝ち得ます。立地を戦略（キャッシュフローか流動性か）に合わせ、国交省ライブラリの取引事例で需要を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：東京：厚い雇用・賃貸市場、高い取得価格、低い粗利回り。地方都市：高利回り・低取得価格、薄い売却と人口動態リスク。地方の高い粗利回りはしばしば空室と出口リスクとの引き換え。都市名でなく目標賃料での地域需要で採算を見る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/tokyo-vs-regional-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:home-vs-investment-property:ja","entityId":"guide:home-vs-investment-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"自宅用と投資用","plainText":"自宅用は消費者向け金利と税の枠組みを使い本当の住まいである必要があります。投資用は高金利の事業審査を使います。投資を自宅用と偽ってはいけません。\n融資・金利・税・居住・キャッシュフロー・禁止される用途を比較。\n自宅用：消費者向け金利・住宅ローン控除・本当の住まいであること。\n投資用：高金利・事業審査・不動産所得の税の枠組み。\n安い金利のために投資を自宅用と偽らない。\n居住の偽装は否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺と保険の帰結を招く。\n二つの異なる商品\nこれらは同じものを買う二つの方法ではなく、規則の異なる別々の商品です。居住用ローンは消費者向け金利と住宅ローン控除へのアクセスを持ちますが、実際に住む本当の住まいである必要があります。不動産投資ローンは高い金利と事業審査を持ち、家賃収入は不動産所得の枠組みで課税されます。安い居住用の条件は、まさにその物件があなたの住まいだから存在します。\n譲れないルール\n判断ルールは単純かつ厳格です。投資を自宅用と偽らないこと。居住用ローンで買って転居し、長期賃貸・民泊・自宅での事業を貸し手の許可なく行えば、ローン・保険・建築・用途地域・管理規約に反し得、居住の偽装は否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺の懸念・保険や税の帰結を招きます。家賃を得る計画なら、最初から投資ローンを使い事業として採算を見ましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：自宅用：消費者向け金利・住宅ローン控除・本当の住まいであること。投資用：高金利・事業審査・不動産所得の税の枠組み。安い金利のために投資を自宅用と偽らない。居住の偽装は否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺と保険の帰結を招く。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/home-vs-investment-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-residential-for-investment","faq:loan-misstate-occupancy"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:investment-property-loans","guide:property-investment-japan","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"自宅用は消費者向け金利と税の枠組みを使い本当の住まいである必要があります。投資用は高金利の事業審査を使います。投資を自宅用と偽ってはいけません。\n融資・金利・税・居住・キャッシュフロー・禁止される用途を比較。\n自宅用：消費者向け金利・住宅ローン控除・本当の住まいであること。\n投資用：高金利・事業審査・不動産所得の税の枠組み。\n安い金利のために投資を自宅用と偽らない。\n居住の偽装は否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺と保険の帰結を招く。\n二つの異なる商品\nこれらは同じものを買う二つの方法ではなく、規則の異なる別々の商品です。居住用ローンは消費者向け金利と住宅ローン控除へのアクセスを持ちますが、実際に住む本当の住まいである必要があります。不動産投資ローンは高い金利と事業審査を持ち、家賃収入は不動産所得の枠組みで課税されます。安い居住用の条件は、まさにその物件があなたの住まいだから存在します。\n譲れないルール\n判断ルールは単純かつ厳格です。投資を自宅用と偽らないこと。居住用ローンで買って転居し、長期賃貸・民泊・自宅での事業を貸し手の許可なく行えば、ローン・保険・建築・用途地域・管理規約に反し得、居住の偽装は否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺の懸念・保険や税の帰結を招きます。家賃を得る計画なら、最初から投資ローンを使い事業として採算を見ましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：自宅用：消費者向け金利・住宅ローン控除・本当の住まいであること。投資用：高金利・事業審査・不動産所得の税の枠組み。安い金利のために投資を自宅用と偽らない。居住の偽装は否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺と保険の帰結を招く。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/home-vs-investment-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage:ja","entityId":"guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"永住者と非永住者の住宅ローン","plainText":"永住は主流の金融機関を通常条件で広く開きます。永住がないと、専門・勤務先・関係の狭いルート、多い頭金、強い書類が必要ですが、不可能ではありません。\n対応行・頭金・言語・配偶者・雇用主・書類を比較。\n永住：通常条件で主流の金融機関に広くアクセス。\n非永住：専門・勤務先・関係のルート、多くは狭く割高。\n非永住は多い頭金と強い収入/雇用主/言語の証拠が必要になり得る。\nプレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガ銀行は非永住支援を公表。\n中核の違い\n永住者は国籍要件では日本人申込者とほぼ同様に扱われることが多く、永住は主流の銀行を通常条件で広く開きます（言語・書類の要件は残ります）。永住がないと、対応行は専門・勤務先提携・関係のルートに狭まり、価格や条件はより選択的で、多い頭金と強い収入・雇用主・日本語・長期在留の証拠が必要になり得ます。日本人配偶者や保証人のいる非永住者は、いない人より多くの銀行で検討され得ます。\n判断の仕方\n非永住＝不可能と決めつけないこと。実務的な非永住の順序は、勤務先やデベロッパーの提携銀行→プレスティア（英語対応・最大5億円・保証料なし）→東京スター銀行（永住のない外国人向けスターモーゲージ）→スルガ銀行（日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローン）→地方・関係銀行→適格ならフラット35→専門金融です。非永住のプレミアムを、永住を待つコストと不確実性と比べましょう。永住を待って後で借換が安いこともあれば、そうでないこともあります。\n押さえておきたい要点：永住：通常条件で主流の金融機関に広くアクセス。非永住：専門・勤務先・関係のルート、多くは狭く割高。非永住は多い頭金と強い収入/雇用主/言語の証拠が必要になり得る。プレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガ銀行は非永住支援を公表。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-pr-mandatory","faq:loan-pr-still-helpful","faq:loan-japanese-spouse"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:foreigner-mortgage-checker"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Suruga Bank","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"永住は主流の金融機関を通常条件で広く開きます。永住がないと、専門・勤務先・関係の狭いルート、多い頭金、強い書類が必要ですが、不可能ではありません。\n対応行・頭金・言語・配偶者・雇用主・書類を比較。\n永住：通常条件で主流の金融機関に広くアクセス。\n非永住：専門・勤務先・関係のルート、多くは狭く割高。\n非永住は多い頭金と強い収入/雇用主/言語の証拠が必要になり得る。\nプレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガ銀行は非永住支援を公表。\n中核の違い\n永住者は国籍要件では日本人申込者とほぼ同様に扱われることが多く、永住は主流の銀行を通常条件で広く開きます（言語・書類の要件は残ります）。永住がないと、対応行は専門・勤務先提携・関係のルートに狭まり、価格や条件はより選択的で、多い頭金と強い収入・雇用主・日本語・長期在留の証拠が必要になり得ます。日本人配偶者や保証人のいる非永住者は、いない人より多くの銀行で検討され得ます。\n判断の仕方\n非永住＝不可能と決めつけないこと。実務的な非永住の順序は、勤務先やデベロッパーの提携銀行→プレスティア（英語対応・最大5億円・保証料なし）→東京スター銀行（永住のない外国人向けスターモーゲージ）→スルガ銀行（日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローン）→地方・関係銀行→適格ならフラット35→専門金融です。非永住のプレミアムを、永住を待つコストと不確実性と比べましょう。永住を待って後で借換が安いこともあれば、そうでないこともあります。\n押さえておきたい要点：永住：通常条件で主流の金融機関に広くアクセス。非永住：専門・勤務先・関係のルート、多くは狭く割高。非永住は多い頭金と強い収入/雇用主/言語の証拠が必要になり得る。プレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガ銀行は非永住支援を公表。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:refinance-vs-keep-mortgage:ja","entityId":"guide:refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"借り換えか現状維持か","plainText":"割引現在価値での利息の節約が、新たな費用（事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険）をすべて上回り、新たな健康審査に通る場合のみ借り換えます。\n利息の節約・新たな手数料・健康審査・残存期間を比較。\n借換：新しい金利・新しい保険・場合により新しい期間。\n維持：新たな手数料と再審査を避ける。\n借換は通常、新たな団信と健康審査が必要。\n新しい長い期間は返済を下げるが総利息を増やし得る。\n中核のトレードオフ\n借換はローンを新しい金利と新しい団信の新ローンに置き換え、利息を節約し得る一方、新たな事務手数料・抵当権抹消と設定登記・司法書士費用・鑑定・保険の差を招きます。現状維持はそれらの費用と新たな審査を避けますが、既存の金利のままです。問題は、現在価値での節約が乗り換えの総コストを上回るかどうかです。\n判断ルール\n割引現在価値での節約とリスク改善が、新たな費用のすべてを明確に上回るときだけ借り換えます。通常は、意味のある金利低下・相当の残高・節約が積み上がる十分な残存期間を意味します。新たな保険の健康審査に通るか確認し、新しい長い期間が総コストの増加を低い月返済に見せかけることを許さないこと。残高が小さいか期間が短いなら、現状維持が正解であることが多いです。\n押さえておきたい要点：借換：新しい金利・新しい保険・場合により新しい期間。維持：新たな手数料と再審査を避ける。借換は通常、新たな団信と健康審査が必要。新しい長い期間は返済を下げるが総利息を増やし得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-refinancing-makes-sense","faq:loan-refinancing-health","faq:loan-extend-term-refinancing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-refinancing","guide:mortgage-refinancing-tool","guide:refinancing-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"割引現在価値での利息の節約が、新たな費用（事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険）をすべて上回り、新たな健康審査に通る場合のみ借り換えます。\n利息の節約・新たな手数料・健康審査・残存期間を比較。\n借換：新しい金利・新しい保険・場合により新しい期間。\n維持：新たな手数料と再審査を避ける。\n借換は通常、新たな団信と健康審査が必要。\n新しい長い期間は返済を下げるが総利息を増やし得る。\n中核のトレードオフ\n借換はローンを新しい金利と新しい団信の新ローンに置き換え、利息を節約し得る一方、新たな事務手数料・抵当権抹消と設定登記・司法書士費用・鑑定・保険の差を招きます。現状維持はそれらの費用と新たな審査を避けますが、既存の金利のままです。問題は、現在価値での節約が乗り換えの総コストを上回るかどうかです。\n判断ルール\n割引現在価値での節約とリスク改善が、新たな費用のすべてを明確に上回るときだけ借り換えます。通常は、意味のある金利低下・相当の残高・節約が積み上がる十分な残存期間を意味します。新たな保険の健康審査に通るか確認し、新しい長い期間が総コストの増加を低い月返済に見せかけることを許さないこと。残高が小さいか期間が短いなら、現状維持が正解であることが多いです。\n押さえておきたい要点：借換：新しい金利・新しい保険・場合により新しい期間。維持：新たな手数料と再審査を避ける。借換は通常、新たな団信と健康審査が必要。新しい長い期間は返済を下げるが総利息を増やし得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:down-payment-comparison:ja","entityId":"guide:down-payment-comparison","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"頭金は少なめか多めか","plainText":"多い頭金はLTVを下げ金利を良くし担保割れリスクを減らします。少ない頭金は流動性を残しますがレバレッジを上げます。どちらでも6〜10%の諸費用と緊急資金の現金は残しましょう。\n流動性・LTV別金利・担保割れ・緊急資金を比較。\n多い頭金はLTVを下げ金利を良くしがち。\n少ない頭金は流動性を残すがレバレッジと担保割れリスクを上げる。\n多くの銀行はLTV80%以下で条件が良い。\nどちらでも6〜10%の諸費用と緊急資金の現金を残す。\n中核のトレードオフ\n多い頭金はLTVを下げ、多くの銀行はそれをより良い金利で報い（80%超で上乗せする銀行もある）、価値が下がったときの担保割れリスクを減らします。少ない頭金は流動性（投資・緊急・機会のために残す現金）を保ちますが、レバレッジと、住まいの価値を超えて負う可能性を上げます。フルローンや100%超融資はこのリスクを極端に押し進めます。\n判断の仕方\n多い頭金の良い条件と安全性を、現金を残す価値と比較します。どちらを選んでも、貯金をすべて頭金に使わないこと。6〜10%の諸費用と、別枠の緊急・修繕の備えを残します。よくある堅実な方法は、有利なLTV帯に届く頭金を入れつつ、数か月分の生活費＋物件固有の修繕積立を残すことです。現金を投資に残すためにすべてを借りるのは、価格下落に本当に耐えられる場合のみ賢明です。\n押さえておきたい要点：多い頭金はLTVを下げ金利を良くしがち。少ない頭金は流動性を残すがレバレッジと担保割れリスクを上げる。多くの銀行はLTV80%以下で条件が良い。どちらでも6〜10%の諸費用と緊急資金の現金を残す。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/down-payment-comparison","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-how-much-down","faq:loan-zero-down-safe","faq:loan-all-savings-down"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:loan-to-value-down-payment","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:property-budget"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"多い頭金はLTVを下げ金利を良くし担保割れリスクを減らします。少ない頭金は流動性を残しますがレバレッジを上げます。どちらでも6〜10%の諸費用と緊急資金の現金は残しましょう。\n流動性・LTV別金利・担保割れ・緊急資金を比較。\n多い頭金はLTVを下げ金利を良くしがち。\n少ない頭金は流動性を残すがレバレッジと担保割れリスクを上げる。\n多くの銀行はLTV80%以下で条件が良い。\nどちらでも6〜10%の諸費用と緊急資金の現金を残す。\n中核のトレードオフ\n多い頭金はLTVを下げ、多くの銀行はそれをより良い金利で報い（80%超で上乗せする銀行もある）、価値が下がったときの担保割れリスクを減らします。少ない頭金は流動性（投資・緊急・機会のために残す現金）を保ちますが、レバレッジと、住まいの価値を超えて負う可能性を上げます。フルローンや100%超融資はこのリスクを極端に押し進めます。\n判断の仕方\n多い頭金の良い条件と安全性を、現金を残す価値と比較します。どちらを選んでも、貯金をすべて頭金に使わないこと。6〜10%の諸費用と、別枠の緊急・修繕の備えを残します。よくある堅実な方法は、有利なLTV帯に届く頭金を入れつつ、数か月分の生活費＋物件固有の修繕積立を残すことです。現金を投資に残すためにすべてを借りるのは、価格下落に本当に耐えられる場合のみ賢明です。\n押さえておきたい要点：多い頭金はLTVを下げ金利を良くしがち。少ない頭金は流動性を残すがレバレッジと担保割れリスクを上げる。多くの銀行はLTV80%以下で条件が良い。どちらでも6〜10%の諸費用と緊急資金の現金を残す。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/down-payment-comparison","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-term-comparison:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-term-comparison","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"35年・40年・50年ローン","plainText":"長い期間は毎月の返済を下げますが総利息を増やし、期間上乗せと年齢制限が付き得、資産形成が遅くなります。より大きな家のためでなく、本当の返済のために期間を延ばしましょう。\n返済額・総利息・年齢制限・期間上乗せ・資産形成を比較。\n長い期間は毎月を下げるが総利息を増やす。\n35年超は金利上乗せが付き得る（例：au Jibun ＋0.10%）。\n年齢制限がある。完済は所定年齢（例：80歳）前が通常。\n長い期間は資産形成を遅くする。\n中核のトレードオフ\nいくつかの銀行は、年齢・物件・引受の条件付きで最長50年の期間を認めます。au Jibun Bankは1〜50年、住信SBIネット銀行は新規借入で最長50年を公表しています。長い期間は毎月の返済を下げ購入を手頃に感じさせますが、総利息を大きく増やし、金利上乗せ（au Jibunは35年超で0.10%、PayPay銀行の長期上乗せは後の実行で上がる）が付き得、年齢制限（完済は80歳など所定年齢前が通常）を伴い、資産形成の速度を遅くします。\n判断の仕方\n長い期間は、本当に手が届く以上に高い家へ背伸びするためでなく、真の返済しやすさとキャッシュフローの柔軟性のために使いましょう。追加の数十年の利息は実質的なコストで、想定される稼働所得を大きく超えて続くローンは危険信号です。35年の返済を楽に負担できるなら、通常それが総利息を最小化します。40年や50年は、上乗せと遅い資産形成を理解して意図的に選び、収入が許せば後で繰上返済を検討しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：長い期間は毎月を下げるが総利息を増やす。35年超は金利上乗せが付き得る（例：au Jibun ＋0.10%）。年齢制限がある。完済は所定年齢（例：80歳）前が通常。長い期間は資産形成を遅くする。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-term-comparison","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-amortization"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-amortization","guide:50-year-mortgages","guide:debt-to-income-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/contents/lineup/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Bank","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/mortgage/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"長い期間は毎月の返済を下げますが総利息を増やし、期間上乗せと年齢制限が付き得、資産形成が遅くなります。より大きな家のためでなく、本当の返済のために期間を延ばしましょう。\n返済額・総利息・年齢制限・期間上乗せ・資産形成を比較。\n長い期間は毎月を下げるが総利息を増やす。\n35年超は金利上乗せが付き得る（例：au Jibun ＋0.10%）。\n年齢制限がある。完済は所定年齢（例：80歳）前が通常。\n長い期間は資産形成を遅くする。\n中核のトレードオフ\nいくつかの銀行は、年齢・物件・引受の条件付きで最長50年の期間を認めます。au Jibun Bankは1〜50年、住信SBIネット銀行は新規借入で最長50年を公表しています。長い期間は毎月の返済を下げ購入を手頃に感じさせますが、総利息を大きく増やし、金利上乗せ（au Jibunは35年超で0.10%、PayPay銀行の長期上乗せは後の実行で上がる）が付き得、年齢制限（完済は80歳など所定年齢前が通常）を伴い、資産形成の速度を遅くします。\n判断の仕方\n長い期間は、本当に手が届く以上に高い家へ背伸びするためでなく、真の返済しやすさとキャッシュフローの柔軟性のために使いましょう。追加の数十年の利息は実質的なコストで、想定される稼働所得を大きく超えて続くローンは危険信号です。35年の返済を楽に負担できるなら、通常それが総利息を最小化します。40年や50年は、上乗せと遅い資産形成を理解して意図的に選び、収入が許せば後で繰上返済を検討しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：長い期間は毎月を下げるが総利息を増やす。35年超は金利上乗せが付き得る（例：au Jibun ＋0.10%）。年齢制限がある。完済は所定年齢（例：80歳）前が通常。長い期間は資産形成を遅くする。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-term-comparison","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:repayment-method-comparison:ja","entityId":"guide:repayment-method-comparison","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"元利均等と元金均等","plainText":"元利均等は返済を一定に保ち初期の資金繰りを楽にし、元金均等は高く始まり下がり総利息を抑えます。初期の負担しやすさと総コストで選びます。\n当初返済・総利息・キャッシュフローの推移を比較。\n元利均等：一定の返済・初期の資金繰りが楽・総利息は多め。\n元金均等：初期の返済が高い・逓減・総利息は少なめ。\n元金均等は全行が扱うわけではない。\n初期の負担しやすさと生涯コストで選ぶ。\n中核のトレードオフ\n元利均等返済は（見直しまで）返済額を一定に保つため、初期の資金繰りが楽で予測しやすい一方、元金部分は小さく始まり総利息は多くなります。元金均等返済は毎月同じ元金を返すため、返済額は高く始まり時間とともに下がり、同条件の元利均等より総利息を抑えます。ただし高い初期返済はより多くの当初資金を要し、全行が扱うわけではありません。\n判断の仕方\n予測可能で低い初期返済を重視するなら元利均等を選びます。初期の予算がきつい、または収入増を見込む家計に有用です。高い初期返済を負担でき総利息を最小化したく、貸し手が扱うなら元金均等を選びます。違いは初期の資金繰りの楽さと生涯コストの引き換えです。どちらが常に良いと決めつけず、実際の予算に対し両方を試算しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：元利均等：一定の返済・初期の資金繰りが楽・総利息は多め。元金均等：初期の返済が高い・逓減・総利息は少なめ。元金均等は全行が扱うわけではない。初期の負担しやすさと生涯コストで選ぶ。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/repayment-method-comparison","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-level-principal-interest","faq:loan-level-principal"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-amortization","guide:mortgage-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/powersmart/homeloan/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"元利均等は返済を一定に保ち初期の資金繰りを楽にし、元金均等は高く始まり下がり総利息を抑えます。初期の負担しやすさと総コストで選びます。\n当初返済・総利息・キャッシュフローの推移を比較。\n元利均等：一定の返済・初期の資金繰りが楽・総利息は多め。\n元金均等：初期の返済が高い・逓減・総利息は少なめ。\n元金均等は全行が扱うわけではない。\n初期の負担しやすさと生涯コストで選ぶ。\n中核のトレードオフ\n元利均等返済は（見直しまで）返済額を一定に保つため、初期の資金繰りが楽で予測しやすい一方、元金部分は小さく始まり総利息は多くなります。元金均等返済は毎月同じ元金を返すため、返済額は高く始まり時間とともに下がり、同条件の元利均等より総利息を抑えます。ただし高い初期返済はより多くの当初資金を要し、全行が扱うわけではありません。\n判断の仕方\n予測可能で低い初期返済を重視するなら元利均等を選びます。初期の予算がきつい、または収入増を見込む家計に有用です。高い初期返済を負担でき総利息を最小化したく、貸し手が扱うなら元金均等を選びます。違いは初期の資金繰りの楽さと生涯コストの引き換えです。どちらが常に良いと決めつけず、実際の予算に対し両方を試算しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：元利均等：一定の返済・初期の資金繰りが楽・総利息は多め。元金均等：初期の返済が高い・逓減・総利息は少なめ。元金均等は全行が扱うわけではない。初期の負担しやすさと生涯コストで選ぶ。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/repayment-method-comparison","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bank-vs-dealer-car-loan:ja","entityId":"guide:bank-vs-dealer-car-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"銀行の自動車ローンとディーラー分割","plainText":"車両の現金価格と融資を別々に比較します。銀行の自動車ローンは利息コストが明確なことが多く、ディーラー分割は便利で値引きや残価バルーンを含み得ます。\n現金価格・金利・手数料・バルーン・所有・利便性を比較。\n銀行の自動車ローン：利息コストが明確なことが多く、通常は車を所有。\nディーラー分割：便利で、値引きや残価（バルーン）プランがあることも。\n車両の現金価格を融資と必ず別々に比較する。\n残価プランは大きな最終バルーンや返却条件を残す。\n中核のトレードオフ\n銀行の自動車ローンは利息コストが明確なことが多く、通常は車を完全に所有します。ディーラー分割は（販売時に手配され）便利で、販促値引きや、将来の車両価値を前提に月々を下げる残価（バルーン）構造が付き得ます。落とし穴は、ディーラーの値引きと融資条件がしばしば絡み合うことです。「安い」融資金利が高い車両価格を伴い得、残価プランは大きな最終バルーンや返却条件を残します。\n判断の仕方\n二つの判断を分けます。まず現金払いのつもりで車両の現金価格を交渉し、次にその価格に対する総融資コストで融資（銀行ローン対ディーラー分割）を比較します。バルーンを賄うために常に借換や転売ができると仮定するなら、残価プランに注意します。車は減価資産なので、過大な車両価格・賄えないバルーン・車の耐用年数を超える期間は避けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：銀行の自動車ローン：利息コストが明確なことが多く、通常は車を所有。ディーラー分割：便利で、値引きや残価（バルーン）プランがあることも。車両の現金価格を融資と必ず別々に比較する。残価プランは大きな最終バルーンや返却条件を残す。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/bank-vs-dealer-car-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-dealer-financing-cheaper","faq:loan-residual-value","faq:loan-what-auto-bank-loan"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:car-loans","guide:secured-vs-unsecured"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"車両の現金価格と融資を別々に比較します。銀行の自動車ローンは利息コストが明確なことが多く、ディーラー分割は便利で値引きや残価バルーンを含み得ます。\n現金価格・金利・手数料・バルーン・所有・利便性を比較。\n銀行の自動車ローン：利息コストが明確なことが多く、通常は車を所有。\nディーラー分割：便利で、値引きや残価（バルーン）プランがあることも。\n車両の現金価格を融資と必ず別々に比較する。\n残価プランは大きな最終バルーンや返却条件を残す。\n中核のトレードオフ\n銀行の自動車ローンは利息コストが明確なことが多く、通常は車を完全に所有します。ディーラー分割は（販売時に手配され）便利で、販促値引きや、将来の車両価値を前提に月々を下げる残価（バルーン）構造が付き得ます。落とし穴は、ディーラーの値引きと融資条件がしばしば絡み合うことです。「安い」融資金利が高い車両価格を伴い得、残価プランは大きな最終バルーンや返却条件を残します。\n判断の仕方\n二つの判断を分けます。まず現金払いのつもりで車両の現金価格を交渉し、次にその価格に対する総融資コストで融資（銀行ローン対ディーラー分割）を比較します。バルーンを賄うために常に借換や転売ができると仮定するなら、残価プランに注意します。車は減価資産なので、過大な車両価格・賄えないバルーン・車の耐用年数を超える期間は避けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：銀行の自動車ローン：利息コストが明確なことが多く、通常は車を所有。ディーラー分割：便利で、値引きや残価（バルーン）プランがあることも。車両の現金価格を融資と必ず別々に比較する。残価プランは大きな最終バルーンや返却条件を残す。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/bank-vs-dealer-car-loan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:consumer-vs-bank-card-loan:ja","entityId":"guide:consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"消費者ローンと銀行カードローン","plainText":"消費者（貸金業者）ローンは年収3分の1の総量規制と高金利の対象、銀行カードローンはこの規制の外ですが依然高金利です。どちらも長期の生活赤字に向きません。\n金利・規制・限度・返済・リスクを比較。\n消費者ローン：貸金業規制・年収3分の1の総量規制・高金利。\n銀行カードローン：銀行審査・総量規制の外・依然高金利のことが多い。\nどちらもリボ払いで最低返済の罠にはまり得る。\nどちらも長期の生活費赤字に不向き。\n中核の違い\n消費者ローンや信販会社のキャッシングは対象となる貸金業の借入で、貸金業法の総量規制の対象（対象残高が年収の3分の1を超えると新規借入が原則制限）で、高い（多くは二桁の）金利を伴います。銀行カードローンは銀行のリボ払い無担保信用で、銀行融資はこの3分の1規制の外ですが（銀行は独自の限度を設ける）、金利は依然高いことが多いです。どちらも短期の流動性には便利で、習慣化すると危険です。\n判断ルール\nどちらも長期の生活赤字に不向きです。継続的な生活費を賄うためにどちらかを使っているなら、問題はローンでなく予算で、高金利のリボ債務を足すと深まります。本当に短く必要で返済可能な緊急時には、両方の金利と返済条件を比較して安いほうを選び、素早く完済します。カードローンの利用は、残高・返済負担・信用行動を通じて将来の住宅ローン審査に響き得るため、住宅ローン申込前は残高を低く保ちリボ債務を避けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：消費者ローン：貸金業規制・年収3分の1の総量規制・高金利。銀行カードローン：銀行審査・総量規制の外・依然高金利のことが多い。どちらもリボ払いで最低返済の罠にはまり得る。どちらも長期の生活費赤字に不向き。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-bank-card-loan","faq:loan-card-loan-onethird","faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumer-loans","guide:bank-card-loans","guide:debt-before-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"消費者（貸金業者）ローンは年収3分の1の総量規制と高金利の対象、銀行カードローンはこの規制の外ですが依然高金利です。どちらも長期の生活赤字に向きません。\n金利・規制・限度・返済・リスクを比較。\n消費者ローン：貸金業規制・年収3分の1の総量規制・高金利。\n銀行カードローン：銀行審査・総量規制の外・依然高金利のことが多い。\nどちらもリボ払いで最低返済の罠にはまり得る。\nどちらも長期の生活費赤字に不向き。\n中核の違い\n消費者ローンや信販会社のキャッシングは対象となる貸金業の借入で、貸金業法の総量規制の対象（対象残高が年収の3分の1を超えると新規借入が原則制限）で、高い（多くは二桁の）金利を伴います。銀行カードローンは銀行のリボ払い無担保信用で、銀行融資はこの3分の1規制の外ですが（銀行は独自の限度を設ける）、金利は依然高いことが多いです。どちらも短期の流動性には便利で、習慣化すると危険です。\n判断ルール\nどちらも長期の生活赤字に不向きです。継続的な生活費を賄うためにどちらかを使っているなら、問題はローンでなく予算で、高金利のリボ債務を足すと深まります。本当に短く必要で返済可能な緊急時には、両方の金利と返済条件を比較して安いほうを選び、素早く完済します。カードローンの利用は、残高・返済負担・信用行動を通じて将来の住宅ローン審査に響き得るため、住宅ローン申込前は残高を低く保ちリボ債務を避けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：消費者ローン：貸金業規制・年収3分の1の総量規制・高金利。銀行カードローン：銀行審査・総量規制の外・依然高金利のことが多い。どちらもリボ払いで最低返済の罠にはまり得る。どちらも長期の生活費赤字に不向き。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent:ja","entityId":"guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産ポータルと買主エージェント","plainText":"ポータルは広い発見に使いますが、広告ツールであり調査ではありません。代理・交渉・判断には適切に動機づけられた専門家を使い、そのブローカーが実際に誰を代理するか必ず尋ねます。\n在庫・代理・手数料・利益相反・調査を比較。\nポータルは広い在庫と発見であり、権利・法務・建物・財務の調査ではない。\n重複掲載は一般的で、ポータルは見込み客獲得に最適化されている。\n買主エージェントは物件探し・交渉・調査の代理を提供する。\nそのブローカーが誰を代理し、両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。\n中核の違い\n不動産ポータル（SUUMO、アットホーム、HOME’S、Yahoo!不動産ほか）は広告と発見のツールで、市場に何があるかを見るには優れますが、権利・法務・建物・財務の調査の代わりにはならず、ポータルは見込み客獲得に最適化されているため重複掲載が一般的です。対照的に買主エージェントは、物件探し・交渉・調査の代理を提供し得ます。落とし穴は動機です。掲載ブローカーは売主を代理または売主に経済的に依存し得、両手仲介や直接取引が利益相反を生み得ます。\n判断の仕方\nポータルは発見に使い、広く網を張って候補のエリアと物件を特定します。次に判断には適切に動機づけられた専門家を使います。物件探し・交渉・調査であなたの利益を代理することと報酬が整合する人です。ブローカーには、誰を代理するか、双方の代理か、売買に直接の利害があるかを必ず尋ねます。「英語サイトがある」を「独立した買主代理を提供する」と混同しないこと。免許・手数料・助言が誰の側かを確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：ポータルは広い在庫と発見であり、権利・法務・建物・財務の調査ではない。重複掲載は一般的で、ポータルは見込み客獲得に最適化されている。買主エージェントは物件探し・交渉・調査の代理を提供する。そのブローカーが誰を代理し、両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portals","guide:buyers-agents","guide:real-estate-agents-japan","guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"ポータルは広い発見に使いますが、広告ツールであり調査ではありません。代理・交渉・判断には適切に動機づけられた専門家を使い、そのブローカーが実際に誰を代理するか必ず尋ねます。\n在庫・代理・手数料・利益相反・調査を比較。\nポータルは広い在庫と発見であり、権利・法務・建物・財務の調査ではない。\n重複掲載は一般的で、ポータルは見込み客獲得に最適化されている。\n買主エージェントは物件探し・交渉・調査の代理を提供する。\nそのブローカーが誰を代理し、両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。\n中核の違い\n不動産ポータル（SUUMO、アットホーム、HOME’S、Yahoo!不動産ほか）は広告と発見のツールで、市場に何があるかを見るには優れますが、権利・法務・建物・財務の調査の代わりにはならず、ポータルは見込み客獲得に最適化されているため重複掲載が一般的です。対照的に買主エージェントは、物件探し・交渉・調査の代理を提供し得ます。落とし穴は動機です。掲載ブローカーは売主を代理または売主に経済的に依存し得、両手仲介や直接取引が利益相反を生み得ます。\n判断の仕方\nポータルは発見に使い、広く網を張って候補のエリアと物件を特定します。次に判断には適切に動機づけられた専門家を使います。物件探し・交渉・調査であなたの利益を代理することと報酬が整合する人です。ブローカーには、誰を代理するか、双方の代理か、売買に直接の利害があるかを必ず尋ねます。「英語サイトがある」を「独立した買主代理を提供する」と混同しないこと。免許・手数料・助言が誰の側かを確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：ポータルは広い在庫と発見であり、権利・法務・建物・財務の調査ではない。重複掲載は一般的で、ポータルは見込み客獲得に最適化されている。買主エージェントは物件探し・交渉・調査の代理を提供する。そのブローカーが誰を代理し、両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-lenders:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の住宅ローン提供機関一覧","plainText":"日本の住宅ローン市場は、メガバンク・ネット銀行・地方銀行や信用金庫・労働金庫・農協・フラット35提供者・外国人居住者向け専門機関に及びます。全国の「ベスト」ランキングより、あなたと物件の適格性で絞った候補リストが有効です。\n銀行・ネット銀行・地域金融機関・フラット35提供者・専門機関の総合ディレクトリ。\nメガバンクとネット銀行は金利・手続き・保険特約で競う。\n地方銀行・信金・労金・農協は地理や会員の条件があり得る。\nフラット35提供者は基準金利は近いが手数料が異なる。\n適格性は申込者と物件で決まるため、全国ランキングより絞った候補リストが有効。\n提供機関の全体像\n日本の住宅ローン市場には、メガバンク（三菱UFJ・みずほ・三井住友）と大手全国機関（りそな）、ネット銀行（au Jibun Bank・住信SBIネット銀行・PayPay銀行・ソニー銀行・楽天銀行・イオン銀行）、地方銀行、信用金庫、労働金庫（労金）、農協（JA）、そしてARUHIなどのフラット35取扱機関が含まれます。外国人居住者向け専門機関にはプレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガ銀行があります。各社は異なる形で競います。ネット銀行は金利とデジタル手続き、店舗銀行は助言と例外対応、地域機関は地域の関係です。\n全国ランキングより候補リストが有効な理由\n地域機関は、営業区域内の居住者・従業員・購入者に競争力ある金利を出し得ますが、地理・給与振込・会員・雇用主・物件所在地の制限を課し得ます。だからこそ、全国の「ベスト」ランキングより、あなたの在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件で絞った候補リストのほうが有効です。メガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行、そして必要な専門ルート（フラット35や外国人向け）を網羅した候補リストを作り、同じLTV・期間・保有期間で日付入りの見積りを比較しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：メガバンクとネット銀行は金利・手続き・保険特約で競う。地方銀行・信金・労金・農協は地理や会員の条件があり得る。フラット35提供者は基準金利は近いが手数料が異なる。適格性は申込者と物件で決まるため、全国ランキングより絞った候補リストが有効。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-how-many-lenders","faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:online-mortgage-lenders","guide:flat-35-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"日本の住宅ローン市場は、メガバンク・ネット銀行・地方銀行や信用金庫・労働金庫・農協・フラット35提供者・外国人居住者向け専門機関に及びます。全国の「ベスト」ランキングより、あなたと物件の適格性で絞った候補リストが有効です。\n銀行・ネット銀行・地域金融機関・フラット35提供者・専門機関の総合ディレクトリ。\nメガバンクとネット銀行は金利・手続き・保険特約で競う。\n地方銀行・信金・労金・農協は地理や会員の条件があり得る。\nフラット35提供者は基準金利は近いが手数料が異なる。\n適格性は申込者と物件で決まるため、全国ランキングより絞った候補リストが有効。\n提供機関の全体像\n日本の住宅ローン市場には、メガバンク（三菱UFJ・みずほ・三井住友）と大手全国機関（りそな）、ネット銀行（au Jibun Bank・住信SBIネット銀行・PayPay銀行・ソニー銀行・楽天銀行・イオン銀行）、地方銀行、信用金庫、労働金庫（労金）、農協（JA）、そしてARUHIなどのフラット35取扱機関が含まれます。外国人居住者向け専門機関にはプレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガ銀行があります。各社は異なる形で競います。ネット銀行は金利とデジタル手続き、店舗銀行は助言と例外対応、地域機関は地域の関係です。\n全国ランキングより候補リストが有効な理由\n地域機関は、営業区域内の居住者・従業員・購入者に競争力ある金利を出し得ますが、地理・給与振込・会員・雇用主・物件所在地の制限を課し得ます。だからこそ、全国の「ベスト」ランキングより、あなたの在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件で絞った候補リストのほうが有効です。メガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行、そして必要な専門ルート（フラット35や外国人向け）を網羅した候補リストを作り、同じLTV・期間・保有期間で日付入りの見積りを比較しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：メガバンクとネット銀行は金利・手続き・保険特約で競う。地方銀行・信金・労金・農協は地理や会員の条件があり得る。フラット35提供者は基準金利は近いが手数料が異なる。適格性は申込者と物件で決まるため、全国ランキングより絞った候補リストが有効。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-lenders","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders:ja","entityId":"guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人に対応する住宅ローン提供機関","plainText":"プレスティアは充実した英語対応と保証料なしを掲げ、東京スター銀行は永住のない外国人向けスターモーゲージを公表し、スルガ銀行は日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローンを提供します。ただし適格性と価格は主流の永住者向けより狭くなります。\n永住要件・非永住ルート・日本語要件・英語対応を各社で比較。\nプレスティア：英語対応・最大5億円・保証料なし・購入と借換。\n東京スター銀行：永住のない外国人向けに明示されたスターモーゲージ。\nスルガ銀行：日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローン（非居住者は不可）。\n「英語ページ」「通訳」「英語での契約」は別のサービス。どれかを確認する。\n外国人対応のルート\nプレスティア（SMBC信託銀行）は、充実した英語対応・最大5億円・信用保証や保証料なし・購入と借換の両方を掲げ、高所得や国際志向の顧客に有力な選択肢です（選択的・関係価格の可能性あり）。東京スター銀行は、永住のない外国人向けにスターモーゲージを明示的に公表し、給与振込割引の可能性がある重要な非永住ルートです。スルガ銀行の外国人向け住宅ローンは日本居住者向け（概要は非居住者を除外）で、永住が普遍的に必須とは述べていません。フラット35も、国籍・在留と物件の条件を満たす非永住の買い手が利用できます。\n言語対応の注意点\n「英語サイトがある」を「完全に独立した英語サービス」と思い込まないこと。英語の広告ページ、会議の通訳、英語での契約は三つの別物で、英語対応の質は都市や取引で異なります。各社が各段階（申込・重要事項説明・契約・決済）でどの言語支援を提供するか、日本語での契約理解がなお必要かを正確に確認しましょう。非永住の申込者は、適格と決める前に、具体的な永住要件・頭金の想定・配偶者や雇用主や長期在留の条件も確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：プレスティア：英語対応・最大5億円・保証料なし・購入と借換。東京スター銀行：永住のない外国人向けに明示されたスターモーゲージ。スルガ銀行：日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローン（非居住者は不可）。「英語ページ」「通訳」「英語での契約」は別のサービス。どれかを確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-english-support","faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-japanese-language","faq:loan-no-japanese-guarantor"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","guide:foreigner-mortgage-checker","guide:prestia-housing-loan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Suruga Bank","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"プレスティアは充実した英語対応と保証料なしを掲げ、東京スター銀行は永住のない外国人向けスターモーゲージを公表し、スルガ銀行は日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローンを提供します。ただし適格性と価格は主流の永住者向けより狭くなります。\n永住要件・非永住ルート・日本語要件・英語対応を各社で比較。\nプレスティア：英語対応・最大5億円・保証料なし・購入と借換。\n東京スター銀行：永住のない外国人向けに明示されたスターモーゲージ。\nスルガ銀行：日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローン（非居住者は不可）。\n「英語ページ」「通訳」「英語での契約」は別のサービス。どれかを確認する。\n外国人対応のルート\nプレスティア（SMBC信託銀行）は、充実した英語対応・最大5億円・信用保証や保証料なし・購入と借換の両方を掲げ、高所得や国際志向の顧客に有力な選択肢です（選択的・関係価格の可能性あり）。東京スター銀行は、永住のない外国人向けにスターモーゲージを明示的に公表し、給与振込割引の可能性がある重要な非永住ルートです。スルガ銀行の外国人向け住宅ローンは日本居住者向け（概要は非居住者を除外）で、永住が普遍的に必須とは述べていません。フラット35も、国籍・在留と物件の条件を満たす非永住の買い手が利用できます。\n言語対応の注意点\n「英語サイトがある」を「完全に独立した英語サービス」と思い込まないこと。英語の広告ページ、会議の通訳、英語での契約は三つの別物で、英語対応の質は都市や取引で異なります。各社が各段階（申込・重要事項説明・契約・決済）でどの言語支援を提供するか、日本語での契約理解がなお必要かを正確に確認しましょう。非永住の申込者は、適格と決める前に、具体的な永住要件・頭金の想定・配偶者や雇用主や長期在留の条件も確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：プレスティア：英語対応・最大5億円・保証料なし・購入と借換。東京スター銀行：永住のない外国人向けに明示されたスターモーゲージ。スルガ銀行：日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローン（非居住者は不可）。「英語ページ」「通訳」「英語での契約」は別のサービス。どれかを確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:online-mortgage-lenders:ja","entityId":"guide:online-mortgage-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ネット銀行の住宅ローン","plainText":"ネット銀行（au Jibun Bank・住信SBIネット銀行・PayPay銀行・ソニー銀行・楽天銀行）は低い広告金利と完全デジタルの申込を提供し、書類の整った標準的な給与所得者に最適です。\nデジタル申込・金利・書類・電子契約・サポートをネット銀行で比較。\n低い広告金利と、電子契約を伴うデジタル申込。\nau Jibun Bank：1〜50年、住信SBI：最大3億円・最長50年。\n金利ページは変動的。申込日と実行日に保存する。\n標準的な給与案件に最適。複雑な案件は店舗銀行が必要になり得る。\nネット住宅ローンの仕組み\nネット銀行は全過程（申込・書類アップロード・多くは電子契約）をデジタルで行い、店舗コストの節約を低い広告金利に反映します。au Jibun Bankは1〜50年の期間と透明なLTV・手数料開示を公表し、住信SBIネット銀行は新規借入で最大3億円・最長50年と幅広い保険を公表し、PayPay銀行やソニー銀行は長期や保険の機能を提供します。確認したページは通常、外国人の一般的な適格性に永住を求めるため、非永住の申込者は申込前に確認しましょう。\n最適な相手と変動金利の注意\nネット住宅ローンは、日本語でのオンライン申込に抵抗がなく、書類の整った標準的な給与所得者に向きます。主な注意点は、金利ページが変動的で申込と実行の間に変わり得ることです。申込時と実行時に（日付付きで）ページを保存し、日付入りの書面見積りで正確な金利を確認しましょう。収入が自営や海外、物件が特殊、対面の案内や英語対応が必要なら、やや高い金利でも店舗銀行や専門の貸し手が向くことがあります。\n押さえておきたい要点：低い広告金利と、電子契約を伴うデジタル申込。au Jibun Bank：1〜50年、住信SBI：最大3億円・最長50年。金利ページは変動的。申込日と実行日に保存する。標準的な給与案件に最適。複雑な案件は店舗銀行が必要になり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/online-mortgage-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-how-many-lenders"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:online-vs-traditional-mortgages","guide:jibun-bank-housing-loan","guide:sumishin-sbi-web-course","guide:paypay-bank-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/contents/lineup/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Bank","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/mortgage/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"ネット銀行（au Jibun Bank・住信SBIネット銀行・PayPay銀行・ソニー銀行・楽天銀行）は低い広告金利と完全デジタルの申込を提供し、書類の整った標準的な給与所得者に最適です。\nデジタル申込・金利・書類・電子契約・サポートをネット銀行で比較。\n低い広告金利と、電子契約を伴うデジタル申込。\nau Jibun Bank：1〜50年、住信SBI：最大3億円・最長50年。\n金利ページは変動的。申込日と実行日に保存する。\n標準的な給与案件に最適。複雑な案件は店舗銀行が必要になり得る。\nネット住宅ローンの仕組み\nネット銀行は全過程（申込・書類アップロード・多くは電子契約）をデジタルで行い、店舗コストの節約を低い広告金利に反映します。au Jibun Bankは1〜50年の期間と透明なLTV・手数料開示を公表し、住信SBIネット銀行は新規借入で最大3億円・最長50年と幅広い保険を公表し、PayPay銀行やソニー銀行は長期や保険の機能を提供します。確認したページは通常、外国人の一般的な適格性に永住を求めるため、非永住の申込者は申込前に確認しましょう。\n最適な相手と変動金利の注意\nネット住宅ローンは、日本語でのオンライン申込に抵抗がなく、書類の整った標準的な給与所得者に向きます。主な注意点は、金利ページが変動的で申込と実行の間に変わり得ることです。申込時と実行時に（日付付きで）ページを保存し、日付入りの書面見積りで正確な金利を確認しましょう。収入が自営や海外、物件が特殊、対面の案内や英語対応が必要なら、やや高い金利でも店舗銀行や専門の貸し手が向くことがあります。\n押さえておきたい要点：低い広告金利と、電子契約を伴うデジタル申込。au Jibun Bank：1〜50年、住信SBI：最大3億円・最長50年。金利ページは変動的。申込日と実行日に保存する。標準的な給与案件に最適。複雑な案件は店舗銀行が必要になり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/online-mortgage-lenders","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:major-bank-mortgages:ja","entityId":"guide:major-bank-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"メガバンクの住宅ローン","plainText":"メガバンク（三菱UFJ・みずほ・三井住友）と大手全国機関（りそな）は、確立した手続き・店舗網・対面の助言を兼ね備え、一般的な給与所得者や例外対応が必要な複雑案件に向きます。\nメガバンクと大手全国機関：店舗網・手続き・例外対応。\n確立した手続き・店舗網・対面の助言。\nMUFG：コースにより変動約0.945〜0.995%、強調される期間上乗せなしで最長40年。\nみずほは2027年1月の見直しを開示、りそなは充実した個人向けラインナップ。\n店舗＋オンラインを望む一般的な給与所得者に最適。\nメガバンクとは\nメガバンクと大手全国機関は、確立した手続きと店舗網、対面の助言を提供します。MUFGは主ページで変動0.945%、詳細ページの所定の割引コースで0.995%、10年固定3.59%、一般に2.20%の定率手数料、確認商品では保証料なし、強調される期間上乗せなしで最長40年を示しました。申込前に主ページと詳細コースの表示を突き合わせましょう。みずほは新規変動約1.025%からとしつつ、2027年1月以降に1.275%以上が適用される旨を公表しました。りそなは個人向け住宅ローンに強く、リフォームやリバースモーゲージのラインナップを持ちます。\n最適な相手\nメガバンクは、オンラインに加え店舗の安心を望む一般的な給与所得者や、人による審査が有効な複雑案件（変動収入・特殊な物件・例外対応の必要）に最適です。広告金利は競争力がありますが通常は最安のネット銀行より上のため、店舗の利便と助言の価値を金利差と比較しましょう。どの銀行でも、主ページと詳細コースの金利を突き合わせ、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：確立した手続き・店舗網・対面の助言。MUFG：コースにより変動約0.945〜0.995%、強調される期間上乗せなしで最長40年。みずほは2027年1月の見直しを開示、りそなは充実した個人向けラインナップ。店舗＋オンラインを望む一般的な給与所得者に最適。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/major-bank-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:online-vs-traditional-mortgages","guide:mufg-housing-loan","guide:mizuho-housing-loan","guide:resona-housing-loan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Resona Bank","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"メガバンク（三菱UFJ・みずほ・三井住友）と大手全国機関（りそな）は、確立した手続き・店舗網・対面の助言を兼ね備え、一般的な給与所得者や例外対応が必要な複雑案件に向きます。\nメガバンクと大手全国機関：店舗網・手続き・例外対応。\n確立した手続き・店舗網・対面の助言。\nMUFG：コースにより変動約0.945〜0.995%、強調される期間上乗せなしで最長40年。\nみずほは2027年1月の見直しを開示、りそなは充実した個人向けラインナップ。\n店舗＋オンラインを望む一般的な給与所得者に最適。\nメガバンクとは\nメガバンクと大手全国機関は、確立した手続きと店舗網、対面の助言を提供します。MUFGは主ページで変動0.945%、詳細ページの所定の割引コースで0.995%、10年固定3.59%、一般に2.20%の定率手数料、確認商品では保証料なし、強調される期間上乗せなしで最長40年を示しました。申込前に主ページと詳細コースの表示を突き合わせましょう。みずほは新規変動約1.025%からとしつつ、2027年1月以降に1.275%以上が適用される旨を公表しました。りそなは個人向け住宅ローンに強く、リフォームやリバースモーゲージのラインナップを持ちます。\n最適な相手\nメガバンクは、オンラインに加え店舗の安心を望む一般的な給与所得者や、人による審査が有効な複雑案件（変動収入・特殊な物件・例外対応の必要）に最適です。広告金利は競争力がありますが通常は最安のネット銀行より上のため、店舗の利便と助言の価値を金利差と比較しましょう。どの銀行でも、主ページと詳細コースの金利を突き合わせ、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：確立した手続き・店舗網・対面の助言。MUFG：コースにより変動約0.945〜0.995%、強調される期間上乗せなしで最長40年。みずほは2027年1月の見直しを開示、りそなは充実した個人向けラインナップ。店舗＋オンラインを望む一般的な給与所得者に最適。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/major-bank-mortgages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35-lenders:ja","entityId":"guide:flat-35-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35の取扱機関","plainText":"フラット35の基準金利は各社で近い（2026年8月で21〜35年約3.29%）ため、表面金利でなく事務手数料・LTV帯・保険上乗せ・優遇ポイント・処理を比較します。\n金利・手数料・LTV・保険・優遇ポイント・処理をフラット35各社で比較。\n基準金利は近い。ARUHIはスーパーフラットを持つ経験豊富な取扱機関。\n事務手数料・LTV帯・処理を各社で比較する。\n保険上乗せが重要：7月表でペア団信＋0.18%、三大疾病＋0.24%。\n優遇ポイント（フラット35S・子育てプラス）は所定の当初年数に適用。\nフラット35各社の比較の仕方\nフラット35は標準化されたJHF制度のため基準金利は各社で近く、7月の公式最頻金利はLTV90%以下・21〜35年で3.14%、8月の各社金利は約3.29%へ上昇し、7月レンジはLTVと期間で概ね3.14〜5.40%でした。実際に異なるのは、事務手数料モデル・保証と鑑定費用・保険上乗せ（7月公式表でペア団信＋0.18%、三大疾病＋0.24%）・優遇ポイント・処理速度です。ARUHIは経験豊富なフラット35取扱機関で、スーパーフラットは大きな頭金に対しより低い金利で報い得ます。\n物件基準とフラット35が向く人\nどの提供者でも、フラット35は物件が所定の技術基準を満たし適合証明を通す必要があるため、検査と証明の手順を工程に織り込み、適格な中古住宅は融資しますが通常の賃貸投資物件は融資しないことを覚えておきましょう。短いフラット20や適格な長期のフラット50もあり、優遇の枠組み（住宅性能のフラット35S、適格世帯の子育てプラス）は全期間でなく所定の当初年数だけ金利を下げるため、割引期間の間と後の両方で返済額を試算します。フラット35は、全期間の返済確実性を望む・適格な物件を持つ・永住がなく基準の明確なルートが必要な借り手に最適です。基準金利でなく手数料モデルと処理で各社を比較し、申込前に日付入りの見積りを取りましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/flat-35-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-flat35-same-everywhere","faq:loan-what-flat35"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage","guide:sbi-aruhi-flat-35","guide:japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"フラット35の基準金利は各社で近い（2026年8月で21〜35年約3.29%）ため、表面金利でなく事務手数料・LTV帯・保険上乗せ・優遇ポイント・処理を比較します。\n金利・手数料・LTV・保険・優遇ポイント・処理をフラット35各社で比較。\n基準金利は近い。ARUHIはスーパーフラットを持つ経験豊富な取扱機関。\n事務手数料・LTV帯・処理を各社で比較する。\n保険上乗せが重要：7月表でペア団信＋0.18%、三大疾病＋0.24%。\n優遇ポイント（フラット35S・子育てプラス）は所定の当初年数に適用。\nフラット35各社の比較の仕方\nフラット35は標準化されたJHF制度のため基準金利は各社で近く、7月の公式最頻金利はLTV90%以下・21〜35年で3.14%、8月の各社金利は約3.29%へ上昇し、7月レンジはLTVと期間で概ね3.14〜5.40%でした。実際に異なるのは、事務手数料モデル・保証と鑑定費用・保険上乗せ（7月公式表でペア団信＋0.18%、三大疾病＋0.24%）・優遇ポイント・処理速度です。ARUHIは経験豊富なフラット35取扱機関で、スーパーフラットは大きな頭金に対しより低い金利で報い得ます。\n物件基準とフラット35が向く人\nどの提供者でも、フラット35は物件が所定の技術基準を満たし適合証明を通す必要があるため、検査と証明の手順を工程に織り込み、適格な中古住宅は融資しますが通常の賃貸投資物件は融資しないことを覚えておきましょう。短いフラット20や適格な長期のフラット50もあり、優遇の枠組み（住宅性能のフラット35S、適格世帯の子育てプラス）は全期間でなく所定の当初年数だけ金利を下げるため、割引期間の間と後の両方で返済額を試算します。フラット35は、全期間の返済確実性を望む・適格な物件を持つ・永住がなく基準の明確なルートが必要な借り手に最適です。基準金利でなく手数料モデルと処理で各社を比較し、申込前に日付入りの見積りを取りましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/flat-35-lenders","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:refinancing-lenders:ja","entityId":"guide:refinancing-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン借り換えの提供機関","plainText":"多くのメガ・ネット銀行とプレスティアが借り換えを扱います。残存期間にわたり、新金利を乗り換えの総コスト（事務手数料・抹消と登記・司法書士・鑑定・新たな保険）と比較します。\n対象残高・条件・手数料・鑑定・保険（借り換え）。\nメガ銀行・ネット銀行・プレスティアが借り換えを扱う。\n新金利を事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険と比較する。\n借り換えは新たな団信と健康審査が必要。\n手数料を上回る節約には、相当の残高と残存期間が要る。\n取扱機関と比較の仕方\n多くのメガ銀行・ネット銀行、そしてプレスティア（購入と借換で最大5億円・保証料なし）などの専門機関が、あらためての審査を条件に既存ローンを借り換えます。借り換えはローン全体を置き換えるため、新金利を乗り換えの総コスト（新たな事務手数料・旧抵当権の抹消と新設定・司法書士費用・鑑定・新たな団信）と、残存期間で測って比較します。手数料を上回る節約には、相当の残高と残存期間が必要です。\n乗り換え前に損益分岐を確認する\n借り換えが得になるのは、割引現在価値での利息の節約が新たな費用のすべてを上回るときだけです。申込の前に損益分岐を試算しましょう。低い返済で乗り換え費用を回収するのに何か月かかるか、その期間ローンを保有するかです。永住権の取得や信用の改善は利用できる貸し手を広げ金利を良くし得ますが、承認は決して保証されず、新しいローンは団信の新たな健康審査を伴います。健康状態が悪いと標準の保障が制限され得ますが、引受基準の緩い商品が割高で存在することもあります。期間の延長に注意しましょう。ローンを再び延ばすと毎月の返済は下がり借り換えが魅力的に見えますが、総利息を増やし得ます。残存期間を同条件で比較し、再延長による低い月返済はメリットでなくコストと捉えましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/refinancing-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-refinancing-makes-sense","faq:loan-refinancing-health"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-refinancing","guide:refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","guide:mortgage-refinancing-tool"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"多くのメガ・ネット銀行とプレスティアが借り換えを扱います。残存期間にわたり、新金利を乗り換えの総コスト（事務手数料・抹消と登記・司法書士・鑑定・新たな保険）と比較します。\n対象残高・条件・手数料・鑑定・保険（借り換え）。\nメガ銀行・ネット銀行・プレスティアが借り換えを扱う。\n新金利を事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険と比較する。\n借り換えは新たな団信と健康審査が必要。\n手数料を上回る節約には、相当の残高と残存期間が要る。\n取扱機関と比較の仕方\n多くのメガ銀行・ネット銀行、そしてプレスティア（購入と借換で最大5億円・保証料なし）などの専門機関が、あらためての審査を条件に既存ローンを借り換えます。借り換えはローン全体を置き換えるため、新金利を乗り換えの総コスト（新たな事務手数料・旧抵当権の抹消と新設定・司法書士費用・鑑定・新たな団信）と、残存期間で測って比較します。手数料を上回る節約には、相当の残高と残存期間が必要です。\n乗り換え前に損益分岐を確認する\n借り換えが得になるのは、割引現在価値での利息の節約が新たな費用のすべてを上回るときだけです。申込の前に損益分岐を試算しましょう。低い返済で乗り換え費用を回収するのに何か月かかるか、その期間ローンを保有するかです。永住権の取得や信用の改善は利用できる貸し手を広げ金利を良くし得ますが、承認は決して保証されず、新しいローンは団信の新たな健康審査を伴います。健康状態が悪いと標準の保障が制限され得ますが、引受基準の緩い商品が割高で存在することもあります。期間の延長に注意しましょう。ローンを再び延ばすと毎月の返済は下がり借り換えが魅力的に見えますが、総利息を増やし得ます。残存期間を同条件で比較し、再延長による低い月返済はメリットでなくコストと捉えましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/refinancing-lenders","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-fees-comparison:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-fees-comparison","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン手数料の比較","plainText":"表面金利だけでなく、事務手数料（多くは2.20%＝5,000万円で110万円）・保証料モデル（前払い・金利上乗せ・なし）・鑑定・登録免許税・繰上返済費用を比較します。\n定率手数料・保証料・鑑定・登記・繰上返済費用。\n定率の事務手数料は元金の2.20%が多い。\n「保証料なし」は定率手数料の上昇や金利上乗せを意味し得る。\n鑑定・登録免許税・司法書士報酬を加える。\n早期に売却・借換の可能性があるなら繰上返済手数料を確認する。\n手数料モデル\n大きく二つのモデルが主流です。定率手数料型は事務手数料（多くは元金の2.20%＝5,000万円で110万円）を課し、別途の保証料はないことが多いです。保証会社型は、保証料を前払いする・金利に上乗せする・より高い事務手数料と引き換えに免除する、のいずれかです。「保証料なし」も「事務手数料なし」も、それぞれ別の所にコストを隠し得るため、想定保有期間にわたる全手数料と利息の合計で必ず比較しましょう。\n比較すべき他の費用\n事務手数料と保証料に加え、鑑定料、登録免許税（評価額や被担保額と減免に基づく）、決済時の司法書士報酬を加えます。繰上返済手数料も確認しましょう。数年以内に売却・借換の可能性があるほど重要です。名目上低い金利と大きな手数料の組合せは、保有期間が短ければより高いローンになり得るため、実際に保有を見込む年数で内部コストを計算しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：定率の事務手数料は元金の2.20%が多い。「保証料なし」は定率手数料の上昇や金利上乗せを意味し得る。鑑定・登録免許税・司法書士報酬を加える。早期に売却・借換の可能性があるなら繰上返済手数料を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-fees-comparison","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-total-cost","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-fees","guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","guide:read-mortgage-quote"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"表面金利だけでなく、事務手数料（多くは2.20%＝5,000万円で110万円）・保証料モデル（前払い・金利上乗せ・なし）・鑑定・登録免許税・繰上返済費用を比較します。\n定率手数料・保証料・鑑定・登記・繰上返済費用。\n定率の事務手数料は元金の2.20%が多い。\n「保証料なし」は定率手数料の上昇や金利上乗せを意味し得る。\n鑑定・登録免許税・司法書士報酬を加える。\n早期に売却・借換の可能性があるなら繰上返済手数料を確認する。\n手数料モデル\n大きく二つのモデルが主流です。定率手数料型は事務手数料（多くは元金の2.20%＝5,000万円で110万円）を課し、別途の保証料はないことが多いです。保証会社型は、保証料を前払いする・金利に上乗せする・より高い事務手数料と引き換えに免除する、のいずれかです。「保証料なし」も「事務手数料なし」も、それぞれ別の所にコストを隠し得るため、想定保有期間にわたる全手数料と利息の合計で必ず比較しましょう。\n比較すべき他の費用\n事務手数料と保証料に加え、鑑定料、登録免許税（評価額や被担保額と減免に基づく）、決済時の司法書士報酬を加えます。繰上返済手数料も確認しましょう。数年以内に売却・借換の可能性があるほど重要です。名目上低い金利と大きな手数料の組合せは、保有期間が短ければより高いローンになり得るため、実際に保有を見込む年数で内部コストを計算しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：定率の事務手数料は元金の2.20%が多い。「保証料なし」は定率手数料の上昇や金利上乗せを意味し得る。鑑定・登録免許税・司法書士報酬を加える。早期に売却・借換の可能性があるなら繰上返済手数料を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-fees-comparison","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-life-insurance:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-life-insurance","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"団体信用生命保険（団信）の比較","plainText":"団体信用生命保険（団信）は被保険者の死亡時に住宅ローンを完済します。上乗せ特約（がん・三大疾病・ペア）は金利上乗せで保障を追加します。7月のフラット35表ではペア団信＋0.18%、三大疾病＋0.24%でした。\n標準団信・ペア団信・がん・三大疾病・金利上乗せ。\n標準の団信は被保険者の死亡時にローンを完済する。\n特約（がん・三大疾病）は金利上乗せで保障を追加する。\nペア団信はペアローンで重要。なければ団信は一方のローンのみ完済。\n借換は新たな審査が必要。健康状態が悪いと標準団信が制限され得る。\n標準保障と特約\n団体信用生命保険（団信）は、被保険者の死亡時（多くは高度障害時も）に残りの住宅ローンを完済し、一般に加入が必要です。上乗せ特約はがんや三大疾病に保障を広げ、通常は別途保険料でなく金利上乗せで負担します。7月の公式フラット35表では、ペア団信が＋0.18%、三大疾病が＋0.24%でした。追加の保障を金利コストと、既存の生命・医療保険と比較し、同じ保障に二重に払わないようにしましょう。\nペア保障と健康審査\nペアローンでは、団信は原則、連生型でない限り被保険者の死亡時にその人のローンのみを完済し、自動で双方は消しません。生存者のローンも消したいならペア団信が重要です。新規や借換のローンは新たな健康審査を要し、健康状態が悪いと標準団信が制限され得ますが、引受基準の緩い商品が割高で存在することもあります。保険を家族の安全網として頼る前に、自分の構造で死亡や重病の際に何が起きるかを確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：標準の団信は被保険者の死亡時にローンを完済する。特約（がん・三大疾病）は金利上乗せで保障を追加する。ペア団信はペアローンで重要。なければ団信は一方のローンのみ完済。借換は新たな審査が必要。健康状態が悪いと標準団信が制限され得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-life-insurance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-pair-death","faq:loan-refinancing-health"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pair-loans","guide:mortgage-refinancing","guide:flat-35"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"団体信用生命保険（団信）は被保険者の死亡時に住宅ローンを完済します。上乗せ特約（がん・三大疾病・ペア）は金利上乗せで保障を追加します。7月のフラット35表ではペア団信＋0.18%、三大疾病＋0.24%でした。\n標準団信・ペア団信・がん・三大疾病・金利上乗せ。\n標準の団信は被保険者の死亡時にローンを完済する。\n特約（がん・三大疾病）は金利上乗せで保障を追加する。\nペア団信はペアローンで重要。なければ団信は一方のローンのみ完済。\n借換は新たな審査が必要。健康状態が悪いと標準団信が制限され得る。\n標準保障と特約\n団体信用生命保険（団信）は、被保険者の死亡時（多くは高度障害時も）に残りの住宅ローンを完済し、一般に加入が必要です。上乗せ特約はがんや三大疾病に保障を広げ、通常は別途保険料でなく金利上乗せで負担します。7月の公式フラット35表では、ペア団信が＋0.18%、三大疾病が＋0.24%でした。追加の保障を金利コストと、既存の生命・医療保険と比較し、同じ保障に二重に払わないようにしましょう。\nペア保障と健康審査\nペアローンでは、団信は原則、連生型でない限り被保険者の死亡時にその人のローンのみを完済し、自動で双方は消しません。生存者のローンも消したいならペア団信が重要です。新規や借換のローンは新たな健康審査を要し、健康状態が悪いと標準団信が制限され得ますが、引受基準の緩い商品が割高で存在することもあります。保険を家族の安全網として頼る前に、自分の構造で死亡や重病の際に何が起きるかを確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：標準の団信は被保険者の死亡時にローンを完済する。特約（がん・三大疾病）は金利上乗せで保障を追加する。ペア団信はペアローンで重要。なければ団信は一方のローンのみ完済。借換は新たな審査が必要。健康状態が悪いと標準団信が制限され得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-life-insurance","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:50-year-mortgages:ja","entityId":"guide:50-year-mortgages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"最長50年の住宅ローン","plainText":"いくつかの銀行は最長50年（au Jibun Bank 1〜50、住信SBI最長50）を認めますが、年齢・物件の制限と期間上乗せが付きます。低い毎月の返済は、はるかに高い総利息と遅い資産形成の代償です。\n取扱機関・年齢制限・物件制限・上乗せ・40〜50年の総コスト。\nau Jibun Bankは1〜50年、住信SBIネット銀行は新規借入で最長50年を公表。\n35年超はしばしば金利上乗せ（au Jibun ＋0.10%）を伴う。\n年齢制限がある。完済は80歳など所定年齢前が通常。\n低い毎月の返済は、はるかに高い総利息との引き換え。\n取扱機関・上乗せ・制限\nいくつかの銀行は、年齢・物件・引受の制限付きで長期を認めます。au Jibun Bankは1〜50年、住信SBIネット銀行は新規借入で最長50年を公表しています。35年超はしばしば上乗せを伴い、au Jibun Bankは35年超で0.10%を加え、PayPay銀行の35年超の長期上乗せは2026年9月1日以降の実行で上がり、完済は80歳前です。年齢制限は完済を所定年齢前とするため、高齢の借り手が期間をどこまで延ばせるかを制約します。\n総コストのトレードオフ\n40〜50年の期間は毎月の返済を下げ購入を手頃に感じさせますが、追加の数十年の利息は大きな実質コストで、資産形成ははるかに遅くなります。長い期間は、手が届く以上に高い家へ背伸びするためでなく、真のキャッシュフローの柔軟性のために使いましょう。想定される稼働所得を大きく超えて続くローンは危険信号です。35年の返済を楽に負担できるなら通常それが総利息を最小化します。40年や50年は意図的に選び、後で繰上返済を検討しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：au Jibun Bankは1〜50年、住信SBIネット銀行は新規借入で最長50年を公表。35年超はしばしば金利上乗せ（au Jibun ＋0.10%）を伴う。年齢制限がある。完済は80歳など所定年齢前が通常。低い毎月の返済は、はるかに高い総利息との引き換え。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/50-year-mortgages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-amortization"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-term-comparison","guide:mortgage-amortization","guide:debt-to-income-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/contents/lineup/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Bank","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/mortgage/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"いくつかの銀行は最長50年（au Jibun Bank 1〜50、住信SBI最長50）を認めますが、年齢・物件の制限と期間上乗せが付きます。低い毎月の返済は、はるかに高い総利息と遅い資産形成の代償です。\n取扱機関・年齢制限・物件制限・上乗せ・40〜50年の総コスト。\nau Jibun Bankは1〜50年、住信SBIネット銀行は新規借入で最長50年を公表。\n35年超はしばしば金利上乗せ（au Jibun ＋0.10%）を伴う。\n年齢制限がある。完済は80歳など所定年齢前が通常。\n低い毎月の返済は、はるかに高い総利息との引き換え。\n取扱機関・上乗せ・制限\nいくつかの銀行は、年齢・物件・引受の制限付きで長期を認めます。au Jibun Bankは1〜50年、住信SBIネット銀行は新規借入で最長50年を公表しています。35年超はしばしば上乗せを伴い、au Jibun Bankは35年超で0.10%を加え、PayPay銀行の35年超の長期上乗せは2026年9月1日以降の実行で上がり、完済は80歳前です。年齢制限は完済を所定年齢前とするため、高齢の借り手が期間をどこまで延ばせるかを制約します。\n総コストのトレードオフ\n40〜50年の期間は毎月の返済を下げ購入を手頃に感じさせますが、追加の数十年の利息は大きな実質コストで、資産形成ははるかに遅くなります。長い期間は、手が届く以上に高い家へ背伸びするためでなく、真のキャッシュフローの柔軟性のために使いましょう。想定される稼働所得を大きく超えて続くローンは危険信号です。35年の返済を楽に負担できるなら通常それが総利息を最小化します。40年や50年は意図的に選び、後で繰上返済を検討しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：au Jibun Bankは1〜50年、住信SBIネット銀行は新規借入で最長50年を公表。35年超はしばしば金利上乗せ（au Jibun ＋0.10%）を伴う。年齢制限がある。完済は80歳など所定年齢前が通常。低い毎月の返済は、はるかに高い総利息との引き換え。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/50-year-mortgages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:regional-mortgage-lenders:ja","entityId":"guide:regional-mortgage-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローンの地方銀行・信用金庫","plainText":"地方銀行・信用金庫・労働金庫（労金）・農協は、営業区域内の居住者・従業員・購入者に競争力ある金利を出し得ますが、地理・給与振込・会員・雇用主・物件所在地の制限を課すことが多いです。\n地理的な適格性・給与振込・会員・地元物件の要件。\n地方銀行・信金・労金・農協は地元の借り手に競争力ある価格を出し得る。\n適格性は居住・雇用主・給与振込・会員に依存し得る。\n物件は機関の営業区域内であることが多い。\nあなたか物件が区域に合うなら候補リストに入れる価値がある。\n地域機関が対象とする相手\n地方銀行・信用金庫・労働金庫（労金）・農協（JA）は地域に密着して営業し、営業区域につながる人（居住者・地元企業の従業員・会員・地元物件の買い手）に競争力ある金利を出し得ます。例えば労金は加盟団体の従業員を対象とすることが多く、信金やJAには会員制度があります。代償として、適格性は居住地や勤務地、給与の振込先、会員資格、物件の所在地に依存し得ます。\n候補リストに入れるとき\nあなたか物件がその区域に合うなら、地域機関を候補リストに入れましょう。地元の勤務先を持つ地元の買い手が地元の住まいを買う場合、全国比較では見落とす金利やサービスを得られることがあります。ルールが地理・会員制のため、統一的な全国表には現れません。適格性、必要な給与振込や会員の条件、物件所在地のルールを直接尋ねましょう。適格な買い手にとって、地域の貸し手はどのメガバンクにも劣らず競争力があり得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：地方銀行・信金・労金・農協は地元の借り手に競争力ある価格を出し得る。適格性は居住・雇用主・給与振込・会員に依存し得る。物件は機関の営業区域内であることが多い。あなたか物件が区域に合うなら候補リストに入れる価値がある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/regional-mortgage-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-how-many-lenders"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-lenders","guide:major-bank-mortgages","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/ginkou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"地方銀行・信用金庫・労働金庫（労金）・農協は、営業区域内の居住者・従業員・購入者に競争力ある金利を出し得ますが、地理・給与振込・会員・雇用主・物件所在地の制限を課すことが多いです。\n地理的な適格性・給与振込・会員・地元物件の要件。\n地方銀行・信金・労金・農協は地元の借り手に競争力ある価格を出し得る。\n適格性は居住・雇用主・給与振込・会員に依存し得る。\n物件は機関の営業区域内であることが多い。\nあなたか物件が区域に合うなら候補リストに入れる価値がある。\n地域機関が対象とする相手\n地方銀行・信用金庫・労働金庫（労金）・農協（JA）は地域に密着して営業し、営業区域につながる人（居住者・地元企業の従業員・会員・地元物件の買い手）に競争力ある金利を出し得ます。例えば労金は加盟団体の従業員を対象とすることが多く、信金やJAには会員制度があります。代償として、適格性は居住地や勤務地、給与の振込先、会員資格、物件の所在地に依存し得ます。\n候補リストに入れるとき\nあなたか物件がその区域に合うなら、地域機関を候補リストに入れましょう。地元の勤務先を持つ地元の買い手が地元の住まいを買う場合、全国比較では見落とす金利やサービスを得られることがあります。ルールが地理・会員制のため、統一的な全国表には現れません。適格性、必要な給与振込や会員の条件、物件所在地のルールを直接尋ねましょう。適格な買い手にとって、地域の貸し手はどのメガバンクにも劣らず競争力があり得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：地方銀行・信金・労金・農協は地元の借り手に競争力ある価格を出し得る。適格性は居住・雇用主・給与振込・会員に依存し得る。物件は機関の営業区域内であることが多い。あなたか物件が区域に合うなら候補リストに入れる価値がある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/regional-mortgage-lenders","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mufg-housing-loan:ja","entityId":"guide:mufg-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"三菱UFJ銀行の住宅ローン","plainText":"三菱UFJ銀行は、割引コースにより変動約0.945〜0.995%、10年固定約3.59%、確認商品では保証料なしの一般に2.20%の定率手数料、強調される上乗せなしで最長40年を示します。\n三菱UFJ銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n変動0.945%（主ページ）／0.995%（所定の割引コース）、10年固定3.59%。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n一般に2.20%の定率手数料。確認商品では保証料は不要と記載。強調される期間上乗せなしで最長40年。申込前に主ページと詳細コースの表示を突き合わせる。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n主要な店舗網とオンラインを望む一般的な給与所得者に最適。主ページと詳細コースの金利を突き合わせる必要がある。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\n三菱UFJ銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mufg-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mizuho-housing-loan","guide:resona-housing-loan","guide:major-bank-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"三菱UFJ銀行は、割引コースにより変動約0.945〜0.995%、10年固定約3.59%、確認商品では保証料なしの一般に2.20%の定率手数料、強調される上乗せなしで最長40年を示します。\n三菱UFJ銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n変動0.945%（主ページ）／0.995%（所定の割引コース）、10年固定3.59%。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n一般に2.20%の定率手数料。確認商品では保証料は不要と記載。強調される期間上乗せなしで最長40年。申込前に主ページと詳細コースの表示を突き合わせる。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n主要な店舗網とオンラインを望む一般的な給与所得者に最適。主ページと詳細コースの金利を突き合わせる必要がある。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\n三菱UFJ銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mufg-housing-loan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mizuho-housing-loan:ja","entityId":"guide:mizuho-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"みずほ銀行の住宅ローン","plainText":"みずほ銀行は新規変動約1.025%からとしつつ、8月3日のプライムレート変更後に2027年1月以降1.275%以上が適用される旨を公表しています。すでに告知された将来の見直しの貴重な開示です。\nみずほ銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n新規変動約1.025%から。2027年1月以降1.275%以上の警告を公表（さらなる変更あり）。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n半年ごとの見直し。手数料と適格性は商品ルートによる。告知された2027年1月の見直しが計画の要点。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n当初金利だけでなく2027年1月の返済額を試算する借り手に最適。告知された見直しの開示は特に有用。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nみずほ銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mizuho-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-housing-loan","guide:resona-housing-loan","guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"みずほ銀行は新規変動約1.025%からとしつつ、8月3日のプライムレート変更後に2027年1月以降1.275%以上が適用される旨を公表しています。すでに告知された将来の見直しの貴重な開示です。\nみずほ銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n新規変動約1.025%から。2027年1月以降1.275%以上の警告を公表（さらなる変更あり）。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n半年ごとの見直し。手数料と適格性は商品ルートによる。告知された2027年1月の見直しが計画の要点。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n当初金利だけでなく2027年1月の返済額を試算する借り手に最適。告知された見直しの開示は特に有用。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nみずほ銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mizuho-housing-loan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:resona-housing-loan:ja","entityId":"guide:resona-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"りそな銀行の住宅ローン","plainText":"りそな銀行は個人向け住宅ローンに強く、リフォームやリバースモーゲージのラインナップを持ちます。金利ページは2026年7月8日付で、プライムレート変更が2026年10月に告知され、一部返済に2027年1月以降の影響があります。最終見積りが必要です。\nりそな銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n金利ページは2026年7月8日付。販促金利は安定して抽出できず、現行の見積りを取得すること。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\nプライムレート変更が2026年10月に告知、一部返済に2027年1月以降の影響、契約上の5年・125%ルール。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n個人向け住宅ローンに強く、リフォーム・リバースモーゲージのラインナップ。取得ページで販促金利が安定しないため最終見積りが必要。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nりそな銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/resona-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-housing-loan","guide:mizuho-housing-loan","guide:renovation-loans"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Resona Bank","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"りそな銀行は個人向け住宅ローンに強く、リフォームやリバースモーゲージのラインナップを持ちます。金利ページは2026年7月8日付で、プライムレート変更が2026年10月に告知され、一部返済に2027年1月以降の影響があります。最終見積りが必要です。\nりそな銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n金利ページは2026年7月8日付。販促金利は安定して抽出できず、現行の見積りを取得すること。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\nプライムレート変更が2026年10月に告知、一部返済に2027年1月以降の影響、契約上の5年・125%ルール。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n個人向け住宅ローンに強く、リフォーム・リバースモーゲージのラインナップ。取得ページで販促金利が安定しないため最終見積りが必要。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nりそな銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/resona-housing-loan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:jibun-bank-housing-loan:ja","entityId":"guide:jibun-bank-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"au じぶん銀行の住宅ローン","plainText":"au じぶん銀行は、最大割引後にLTV80%以下で新規変動0.984%、80%超で0.045%加算、500万〜2億円、1〜50年、2.20%手数料、35年超で0.10%上乗せを示します。透明なLTV・手数料開示と強力なデジタル手続きが特徴です。\nau じぶん銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n最大割引後、LTV80%以下で新規変動0.984%、80%超で＋0.045%。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n500万〜2億円、1〜50年、2.20%手数料、35年超で0.10%上乗せ、金利は保証付き価格に置き換わり得る。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n透明なLTV・手数料開示、強力なデジタル手続き、保険の選択肢。サービス連動の割引は万人向けではない。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nau じぶん銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/jibun-bank-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:sumishin-sbi-web-course","guide:paypay-bank-mortgage","guide:online-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"au じぶん銀行は、最大割引後にLTV80%以下で新規変動0.984%、80%超で0.045%加算、500万〜2億円、1〜50年、2.20%手数料、35年超で0.10%上乗せを示します。透明なLTV・手数料開示と強力なデジタル手続きが特徴です。\nau じぶん銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n最大割引後、LTV80%以下で新規変動0.984%、80%超で＋0.045%。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n500万〜2億円、1〜50年、2.20%手数料、35年超で0.10%上乗せ、金利は保証付き価格に置き換わり得る。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n透明なLTV・手数料開示、強力なデジタル手続き、保険の選択肢。サービス連動の割引は万人向けではない。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nau じぶん銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/jibun-bank-housing-loan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sumishin-sbi-web-course:ja","entityId":"guide:sumishin-sbi-web-course","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住信SBIネット銀行 WEB申込コース","plainText":"住信SBIネット銀行は、500万〜3億円、最長50年、デジタル申込による幅広い保険が魅力です。7月の資料は基準3.525%と割引構造に触れ、確認ページでは外国人の一般的な適格性に永住が必要でした。\n住信SBIネット銀行 WEB申込コース：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n7月の資料は基準3.525%と割引構造に言及。申込時に現行ページを確認。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n500万〜3億円、最長50年、確認ページでは外国人の一般的適格性に永住が必要。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n高い上限、デジタル申込、幅広い保険。金利ページは変動的で、申込日と実行日に保存すること。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\n住信SBIネット銀行 WEB申込コースは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/sumishin-sbi-web-course","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:jibun-bank-housing-loan","guide:paypay-bank-mortgage","guide:online-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumishin SBI Net Bank","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/contents/lineup/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"住信SBIネット銀行は、500万〜3億円、最長50年、デジタル申込による幅広い保険が魅力です。7月の資料は基準3.525%と割引構造に触れ、確認ページでは外国人の一般的な適格性に永住が必要でした。\n住信SBIネット銀行 WEB申込コース：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n7月の資料は基準3.525%と割引構造に言及。申込時に現行ページを確認。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n500万〜3億円、最長50年、確認ページでは外国人の一般的適格性に永住が必要。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n高い上限、デジタル申込、幅広い保険。金利ページは変動的で、申込日と実行日に保存すること。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\n住信SBIネット銀行 WEB申込コースは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/sumishin-sbi-web-course","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:paypay-bank-mortgage:ja","entityId":"guide:paypay-bank-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"PayPay銀行の住宅ローン","plainText":"PayPay銀行はデジタルで長期・保険機能のある商品ですが、動的ページで安定した基準金利は取得できませんでした。35年超は2026年8月31日まで0.10%、9月1日以降の実行で0.30%の上乗せ、最長50年・完済は80歳前です。\nPayPay銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n動的ページで安定した基準金利は取得できず。日付入りの書面見積りを取得すること。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\nサービス割引と0.30%の引受上乗せの可能性。35年超は2026年8月31日まで0.10%、9月1日以降0.30%。最長50年、完済は80歳前。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\nデジタル・長期・保険機能。ただし将来の長期上乗せは大きい。日付入りの書面見積りを取得すること。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nPayPay銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/paypay-bank-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:jibun-bank-housing-loan","guide:sumishin-sbi-web-course","guide:50-year-mortgages"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Bank","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/mortgage/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"PayPay銀行はデジタルで長期・保険機能のある商品ですが、動的ページで安定した基準金利は取得できませんでした。35年超は2026年8月31日まで0.10%、9月1日以降の実行で0.30%の上乗せ、最長50年・完済は80歳前です。\nPayPay銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n動的ページで安定した基準金利は取得できず。日付入りの書面見積りを取得すること。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\nサービス割引と0.30%の引受上乗せの可能性。35年超は2026年8月31日まで0.10%、9月1日以降0.30%。最長50年、完済は80歳前。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\nデジタル・長期・保険機能。ただし将来の長期上乗せは大きい。日付入りの書面見積りを取得すること。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nPayPay銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/paypay-bank-mortgage","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sbi-shinsei-housing-loan:ja","entityId":"guide:sbi-shinsei-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SBI新生銀行の住宅ローン","plainText":"SBI新生銀行は柔軟な手数料構造で差別化してきた歴史があり、元利均等返済を用いますが、取得した現行ページで安定した8月の数値は得られませんでした。古い金利の検索スニペットに頼らず、現行の公式表を取得してください。\nSBI新生銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n取得した現行ページで安定した8月の数値は得られず。過去ページを現行見積りに使わないこと。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n元利均等返済。実行/条件日が金利を決める。柔軟な手数料構造で従来差別化。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n従来は柔軟な手数料。現行の公式表を取得し、古い金利の検索スニペットに頼らないこと。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nSBI新生銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/sbi-shinsei-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-housing-loan","guide:repayment-method-comparison","guide:online-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/powersmart/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"SBI新生銀行は柔軟な手数料構造で差別化してきた歴史があり、元利均等返済を用いますが、取得した現行ページで安定した8月の数値は得られませんでした。古い金利の検索スニペットに頼らず、現行の公式表を取得してください。\nSBI新生銀行の住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n取得した現行ページで安定した8月の数値は得られず。過去ページを現行見積りに使わないこと。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n元利均等返済。実行/条件日が金利を決める。柔軟な手数料構造で従来差別化。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n従来は柔軟な手数料。現行の公式表を取得し、古い金利の検索スニペットに頼らないこと。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nSBI新生銀行の住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/sbi-shinsei-housing-loan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sbi-aruhi-flat-35:ja","entityId":"guide:sbi-aruhi-flat-35","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SBI ARUHI フラット35","plainText":"ARUHIは経験豊富なフラット35取扱機関です。8月の標準フラット35は資格ポイント引下げ前で21〜35年3.29%、4つの割引ポイントと所定の保険で当初5年2.29%の例示、大きな頭金に報い得るスーパーフラットもあります。\nSBI ARUHI フラット35：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n8月の標準フラット35：ポイント引下げ前で21〜35年3.29%、4つの割引ポイントと所定の保険で当初5年2.29%の例。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n全期間固定、物件の技術基準あり、価格はLTV・期間・保険・割引ポイントで変動。スーパーフラットは大きな頭金に報い得る。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n返済の確実性と経験豊富なフラット35処理。変動より高い基準金利、手数料と物件検査要件が重要。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nSBI ARUHI フラット35は、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/sbi-aruhi-flat-35","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:flat-35-lenders","guide:japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"ARUHIは経験豊富なフラット35取扱機関です。8月の標準フラット35は資格ポイント引下げ前で21〜35年3.29%、4つの割引ポイントと所定の保険で当初5年2.29%の例示、大きな頭金に報い得るスーパーフラットもあります。\nSBI ARUHI フラット35：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n8月の標準フラット35：ポイント引下げ前で21〜35年3.29%、4つの割引ポイントと所定の保険で当初5年2.29%の例。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n全期間固定、物件の技術基準あり、価格はLTV・期間・保険・割引ポイントで変動。スーパーフラットは大きな頭金に報い得る。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n返済の確実性と経験豊富なフラット35処理。変動より高い基準金利、手数料と物件検査要件が重要。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nSBI ARUHI フラット35は、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/sbi-aruhi-flat-35","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅金融支援機構 / フラット35","plainText":"住宅金融支援機構は、参加金融機関との買取・保証の仕組みでフラット35を支えます。7月の公式最頻金利はLTV90%以下・21〜35年で3.14%、8月に各社で約3.29%へ上昇し、全期間の確実性のベンチマークです。\n住宅金融支援機構 / フラット35：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n7月の公式最頻金利はLTV90%以下・21〜35年で3.14%、8月の各社金利は約3.29%へ、7月レンジ3.14〜5.40%。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n全期間固定、7月公式表でペア団信＋0.18%・三大疾病＋0.24%。参加機関を通じて提供。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n全期間の確実性のベンチマーク。基準金利が同じでも提供者の手数料を比較。8月1日時点で公式ページはなお7月を表示。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\n住宅金融支援機構 / フラット35は、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:sbi-aruhi-flat-35","guide:flat-35-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"住宅金融支援機構は、参加金融機関との買取・保証の仕組みでフラット35を支えます。7月の公式最頻金利はLTV90%以下・21〜35年で3.14%、8月に各社で約3.29%へ上昇し、全期間の確実性のベンチマークです。\n住宅金融支援機構 / フラット35：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n7月の公式最頻金利はLTV90%以下・21〜35年で3.14%、8月の各社金利は約3.29%へ、7月レンジ3.14〜5.40%。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n全期間固定、7月公式表でペア団信＋0.18%・三大疾病＋0.24%。参加機関を通じて提供。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n全期間の確実性のベンチマーク。基準金利が同じでも提供者の手数料を比較。8月1日時点で公式ページはなお7月を表示。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\n住宅金融支援機構 / フラット35は、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/japan-housing-finance-agency-flat-35","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:prestia-housing-loan:ja","entityId":"guide:prestia-housing-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"プレスティアの住宅ローン","plainText":"プレスティア（SMBC信託銀行）は外国人居住者・英語サービスの有力な選択肢です。充実した英語対応、最大5億円、信用保証や保証料なし、購入と借換の両方を掲げ、単一の表面金利でなく個別の金利提示です。\nプレスティアの住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n単一の表面金利でなく、個別の金利提示と優遇条件。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n最大5億円、購入と借換、信用保証や保証料なし、英語対応。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n高所得・国際志向の顧客に有力な外国人居住者・英語サービスの選択肢。選択的・関係価格の可能性あり。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nプレスティアの住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/prestia-housing-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage","guide:suruga-bank-foreign-national-home-loan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"プレスティア（SMBC信託銀行）は外国人居住者・英語サービスの有力な選択肢です。充実した英語対応、最大5億円、信用保証や保証料なし、購入と借換の両方を掲げ、単一の表面金利でなく個別の金利提示です。\nプレスティアの住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n単一の表面金利でなく、個別の金利提示と優遇条件。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n最大5億円、購入と借換、信用保証や保証料なし、英語対応。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n高所得・国際志向の顧客に有力な外国人居住者・英語サービスの選択肢。選択的・関係価格の可能性あり。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nプレスティアの住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/prestia-housing-loan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage:ja","entityId":"guide:tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"東京スター銀行 スター住宅ローン","plainText":"東京スター銀行は、永住のない外国人向けにスター住宅ローンを明示的に販売しており、給与振込割引の可能性がある重要な非永住ルートです。現行金利は直接の見積りが必要で、専門価格は通常の永住者向けより不利なことがあります。\n東京スター銀行 スター住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n現行金利は直接の見積りが必要。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n永住のない外国人向けに特化して販売、給与振込割引が適用され得る。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n重要な非永住ルート。専門価格と条件は通常の永住者向けより不利なことがある。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\n東京スター銀行 スター住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:prestia-housing-loan","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"東京スター銀行は、永住のない外国人向けにスター住宅ローンを明示的に販売しており、給与振込割引の可能性がある重要な非永住ルートです。現行金利は直接の見積りが必要で、専門価格は通常の永住者向けより不利なことがあります。\n東京スター銀行 スター住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n現行金利は直接の見積りが必要。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n永住のない外国人向けに特化して販売、給与振込割引が適用され得る。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n重要な非永住ルート。専門価格と条件は通常の永住者向けより不利なことがある。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\n東京スター銀行 スター住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:suruga-bank-foreign-national-home-loan:ja","entityId":"guide:suruga-bank-foreign-national-home-loan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"スルガ銀行 外国人向け住宅ローン","plainText":"スルガ銀行は日本居住の外国人に広い専門的検討と多言語対応を提供します。公表の概要は30万〜6億円、借入時70歳未満・最終返済時85歳未満、非居住者は除外でした。金利・LTV・手数料と過去の対応の評判を十分に比較してください。\nスルガ銀行 外国人向け住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n2026年8月のHTMLソースで現行金利は未確認。直接の見積りを取得すること。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n公表の概要は30万〜6億円、借入時70歳未満・最終返済時85歳未満、申込者は日本居住（非居住者は除外）。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n広い専門的検討と多言語対応。金利・LTV・手数料と過去の対応の評判を十分に比較すること。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nスルガ銀行 外国人向け住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/suruga-bank-foreign-national-home-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:prestia-housing-loan","guide:tokyo-star-bank-star-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Suruga Bank","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"スルガ銀行は日本居住の外国人に広い専門的検討と多言語対応を提供します。公表の概要は30万〜6億円、借入時70歳未満・最終返済時85歳未満、非居住者は除外でした。金利・LTV・手数料と過去の対応の評判を十分に比較してください。\nスルガ銀行 外国人向け住宅ローン：金利スナップショット・現実的な価格要因・適格性・手数料・最適な相手。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点の実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではない。\n現実の価格はLTV・期間・引受上乗せ・サービス連動割引による。\n適格性・物件基準・手数料・保険を日付入りの書面見積りで確認する。\n表面金利でなく想定保有期間の総コストで比較する。\n金利スナップショット\n2026年8月のHTMLソースで現行金利は未確認。直接の見積りを取得すること。\n広告金利は2026年8月1日時点で確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。最終金利・LTV帯・条件は審査と実行時にのみ決まります。日付入りの書面見積りを取得してください。\n現実的な価格・融資限度・適格性\n公表の概要は30万〜6億円、借入時70歳未満・最終返済時85歳未満、申込者は日本居住（非居住者は除外）。\n強み・弱み・最適な相手\n広い専門的検討と多言語対応。金利・LTV・手数料と過去の対応の評判を十分に比較すること。\nこのプロフィールの使い方\nスルガ銀行 外国人向け住宅ローンは、絞り込んだ候補リストの一項目として使い、結論とはしないでください。公平な比較は、すべての貸し手で実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間を固定し、表面金利だけでなく、実際に保有を見込む年数での総コスト（実行月金利・事務手数料や保証料・保険上乗せ・登記・繰上返済手数料）を比較します。5,000万円への2.20%の事務手数料は他費用前で110万円で、保有期間が短ければわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n価格は毎月変わり、公開ページに開示されない項目もあるため、実際の金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険の選択肢・LTVや期間の上乗せを記した日付入りの書面見積りを求め、主ページと詳細コースのページが異なる場合は突き合わせましょう。決める前にメガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅し、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件について適格性を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/suruga-bank-foreign-national-home-loan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-budget:ja","entityId":"guide:property-budget","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"いくらの物件が買えるか","plainText":"内見の前に3つの上限を決めます：購入価格の上限、毎月の住居費の上限（ローン＋税・管理費・保険・修繕）、決済後に残す最低現金。そのうえで毎月の額を高い金利でストレステストします。\n購入上限・毎月の上限・現金の備え・ストレステストの決め方。\n購入価格の上限・毎月の支出上限・決済後の現金の下限を決める。\n毎月の支出はローンだけでない。税・管理費・積立金・保険・駐車場・修繕を加える。\n返済額を提示金利＋1・2・3%でストレステストする。\n銀行の上限まで借りない。余裕が残らない。\n3つの上限\n内見の前に3つの上限を決めます。購入価格の上限は探す対象を制限します。毎月の住居費の上限が本当の返済能力の試験で、ローンだけではありません。固定資産税・都市計画税、マンションの管理費・修繕積立金、保険、駐車場、光熱費、自己負担の修繕（一戸建ては屋根・外装・構造の費用が直接乗る）を含みます。最低現金の備えは決済後も残す額で、諸費用・修繕・緊急時の緩衝がなくならないようにします。\n返済額をストレステストする\n毎月の返済額を提示金利＋1・2・3%で試算します。当初金利でしか返済できない変動ローンは、安全には負担できないローンだからです。ストレス下の住居費が手取りの堅実な割合（目安は約35%）を超える、総返済負担が銀行の基準を超える、ローンが想定される稼働所得を大きく超えて続く場合は、計画に注意信号を立てます。銀行の上限は引受の天井であり家計への推奨ではありません。自分のストレス予算で判断しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：購入価格の上限・毎月の支出上限・決済後の現金の下限を決める。毎月の支出はローンだけでない。税・管理費・積立金・保険・駐車場・修繕を加える。返済額を提示金利＋1・2・3%でストレステストする。銀行の上限まで借りない。余裕が残らない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-budget","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-borrow-maximum","faq:loan-what-dti"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:debt-to-income-japan","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/user/simulation/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"内見の前に3つの上限を決めます：購入価格の上限、毎月の住居費の上限（ローン＋税・管理費・保険・修繕）、決済後に残す最低現金。そのうえで毎月の額を高い金利でストレステストします。\n購入上限・毎月の上限・現金の備え・ストレステストの決め方。\n購入価格の上限・毎月の支出上限・決済後の現金の下限を決める。\n毎月の支出はローンだけでない。税・管理費・積立金・保険・駐車場・修繕を加える。\n返済額を提示金利＋1・2・3%でストレステストする。\n銀行の上限まで借りない。余裕が残らない。\n3つの上限\n内見の前に3つの上限を決めます。購入価格の上限は探す対象を制限します。毎月の住居費の上限が本当の返済能力の試験で、ローンだけではありません。固定資産税・都市計画税、マンションの管理費・修繕積立金、保険、駐車場、光熱費、自己負担の修繕（一戸建ては屋根・外装・構造の費用が直接乗る）を含みます。最低現金の備えは決済後も残す額で、諸費用・修繕・緊急時の緩衝がなくならないようにします。\n返済額をストレステストする\n毎月の返済額を提示金利＋1・2・3%で試算します。当初金利でしか返済できない変動ローンは、安全には負担できないローンだからです。ストレス下の住居費が手取りの堅実な割合（目安は約35%）を超える、総返済負担が銀行の基準を超える、ローンが想定される稼働所得を大きく超えて続く場合は、計画に注意信号を立てます。銀行の上限は引受の天井であり家計への推奨ではありません。自分のストレス予算で判断しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：購入価格の上限・毎月の支出上限・決済後の現金の下限を決める。毎月の支出はローンだけでない。税・管理費・積立金・保険・駐車場・修繕を加える。返済額を提示金利＋1・2・3%でストレステストする。銀行の上限まで借りない。余裕が残らない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-budget","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-preapproval:ja","entityId":"guide:property-preapproval","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"物件探しの前の事前審査","plainText":"買付の前に事前審査を受けましょう。現実的な予算が分かり、素早く動け、住宅ローン特約の土台になります。ただし有効期限があり、融資の約束ではありません。\n事前審査の時期・書類・有効期限・買付・融資特約。\n事前審査は申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件を確認する。\n現実的な予算と、買付時の信頼性を与える。\n事前審査は有効期限があり銀行ごと。融資の約束ではない。\n住宅ローン特約を付けて買付する。事前審査を先に取るほうが安全。\n事前審査を先に取る理由\n事前審査（仮審査）は、申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件を確認し、融資できない住まいに惚れ込む前に現実的な予算を与えます。売主に対して買付の信頼性も高めます。源泉徴収票・課税証明・在職証明などの書類を早めに揃え、候補物件が見つかったら素早く事前審査を受けられるようにしましょう。買付の前に事前審査を手にしておくほうが安全です。\n有効期限と融資特約\n事前審査は有効期限があり銀行ごとで、融資の約束ではありません。書類の相違・担保評価の弱さ・物件の不適格で本審査はなお失敗し得ます。買付・契約時、住宅ローン特約は金融機関・金額・申込と承認の期限を明記し、特約に基づき融資が不成立の場合に手付金が返還されるかを定めます。事前審査とよく練られた融資特約は、融資できない取引で手付金を失わないための、住宅ローン利用者の中核の保護です。\n押さえておきたい要点：事前審査は申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件を確認する。現実的な予算と、買付時の信頼性を与える。事前審査は有効期限があり銀行ごと。融資の約束ではない。住宅ローン特約を付けて買付する。事前審査を先に取るほうが安全。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-preapproval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-preapproval","faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval","faq:loan-preapproval-valid"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:preapproval-final-approval","guide:mortgage-financing-clause","guide:making-property-offer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"買付の前に事前審査を受けましょう。現実的な予算が分かり、素早く動け、住宅ローン特約の土台になります。ただし有効期限があり、融資の約束ではありません。\n事前審査の時期・書類・有効期限・買付・融資特約。\n事前審査は申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件を確認する。\n現実的な予算と、買付時の信頼性を与える。\n事前審査は有効期限があり銀行ごと。融資の約束ではない。\n住宅ローン特約を付けて買付する。事前審査を先に取るほうが安全。\n事前審査を先に取る理由\n事前審査（仮審査）は、申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件を確認し、融資できない住まいに惚れ込む前に現実的な予算を与えます。売主に対して買付の信頼性も高めます。源泉徴収票・課税証明・在職証明などの書類を早めに揃え、候補物件が見つかったら素早く事前審査を受けられるようにしましょう。買付の前に事前審査を手にしておくほうが安全です。\n有効期限と融資特約\n事前審査は有効期限があり銀行ごとで、融資の約束ではありません。書類の相違・担保評価の弱さ・物件の不適格で本審査はなお失敗し得ます。買付・契約時、住宅ローン特約は金融機関・金額・申込と承認の期限を明記し、特約に基づき融資が不成立の場合に手付金が返還されるかを定めます。事前審査とよく練られた融資特約は、融資できない取引で手付金を失わないための、住宅ローン利用者の中核の保護です。\n押さえておきたい要点：事前審査は申告の収入・債務・本人確認・雇用・物件を確認する。現実的な予算と、買付時の信頼性を与える。事前審査は有効期限があり銀行ごと。融資の約束ではない。住宅ローン特約を付けて買付する。事前審査を先に取るほうが安全。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-preapproval","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:choosing-property-area:ja","entityId":"guide:choosing-property-area","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本でエリアを選ぶ","plainText":"通勤・学校・医療・騒音・再開発・用途地域・傾斜・浸水/土砂/津波/液状化のリスク、そして賃貸需要と売却の厚みを、国交省の不動産情報ライブラリと現地訪問で評価します。\n通勤・生活サービス・人口動態・用途地域・災害・売却でエリアを選ぶ。\n通勤・学校・医療・騒音・再開発計画を比較する。\n用途地域・傾斜・浸水/土砂/津波/液状化のリスクを公式地図で確認する。\n今の利便だけでなく、地域人口・賃貸需要・売却の厚みを考える。\n国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは価格・地価・都市計画・災害データを統合する。\nエリアで評価すべきこと\nエリアを選ぶことは、日々の暮らしと将来の売却市場を同時に選ぶことです。通勤・学校・医療・騒音・再開発計画・用途地域・傾斜、そして公式の浸水・内水氾濫・土砂・津波・高潮・液状化のリスク、加えて地域の人口動向・賃貸需要・売却の厚みを評価します。国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは、取引価格・公示地価・都市計画・災害・生活利便の情報を一か所にまとめ、掲載物件を実際の比較事例と災害リスクに照らして検証できます。\n地図と現地観察\nハザードマップはモデル化されたシナリオを示し、色のない場所が無リスクだと証明するものではないため、公式地図に地元の地図と現地観察を組み合わせます。駅から歩き、傾斜と排水を確認し、大雨の日の様子を想像します。人口と需要は住みやすさと売却の両方に効きます。人口が減り高齢化する地域は今は安くても後で売りにくいことがあります。都市名でなく具体的なミクロの立地で採算を見て、取引事例で需要を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：通勤・学校・医療・騒音・再開発計画を比較する。用途地域・傾斜・浸水/土砂/津波/液状化のリスクを公式地図で確認する。今の利便だけでなく、地域人口・賃貸需要・売却の厚みを考える。国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは価格・地価・都市計画・災害データを統合する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/choosing-property-area","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-hazard-map","faq:loan-outside-hazard-zone","faq:loan-station-distance"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:hazard-maps","guide:finding-property","guide:property-resale-value"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"国土交通省","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"通勤・学校・医療・騒音・再開発・用途地域・傾斜・浸水/土砂/津波/液状化のリスク、そして賃貸需要と売却の厚みを、国交省の不動産情報ライブラリと現地訪問で評価します。\n通勤・生活サービス・人口動態・用途地域・災害・売却でエリアを選ぶ。\n通勤・学校・医療・騒音・再開発計画を比較する。\n用途地域・傾斜・浸水/土砂/津波/液状化のリスクを公式地図で確認する。\n今の利便だけでなく、地域人口・賃貸需要・売却の厚みを考える。\n国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは価格・地価・都市計画・災害データを統合する。\nエリアで評価すべきこと\nエリアを選ぶことは、日々の暮らしと将来の売却市場を同時に選ぶことです。通勤・学校・医療・騒音・再開発計画・用途地域・傾斜、そして公式の浸水・内水氾濫・土砂・津波・高潮・液状化のリスク、加えて地域の人口動向・賃貸需要・売却の厚みを評価します。国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは、取引価格・公示地価・都市計画・災害・生活利便の情報を一か所にまとめ、掲載物件を実際の比較事例と災害リスクに照らして検証できます。\n地図と現地観察\nハザードマップはモデル化されたシナリオを示し、色のない場所が無リスクだと証明するものではないため、公式地図に地元の地図と現地観察を組み合わせます。駅から歩き、傾斜と排水を確認し、大雨の日の様子を想像します。人口と需要は住みやすさと売却の両方に効きます。人口が減り高齢化する地域は今は安くても後で売りにくいことがあります。都市名でなく具体的なミクロの立地で採算を見て、取引事例で需要を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：通勤・学校・医療・騒音・再開発計画を比較する。用途地域・傾斜・浸水/土砂/津波/液状化のリスクを公式地図で確認する。今の利便だけでなく、地域人口・賃貸需要・売却の厚みを考える。国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは価格・地価・都市計画・災害データを統合する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/choosing-property-area","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:finding-property:ja","entityId":"guide:finding-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で物件を探す","plainText":"複数のポータルと仲介で探し、掲載は調査でなく発見と捉え、重複掲載を想定し、「未公開」の主張に懐疑的になり、価格を国交省の取引事例で確認します。\nポータル・重複掲載・仲介・未公開物件の主張・比較事例。\n複数のポータルと仲介を使う。重複掲載は一般的。\nポータルは広告と発見のツールで、権利・法務・建物の調査ではない。\n判断を急がせる「未公開」「専任」の主張に懐疑的になる。\n募集価格を国交省の取引事例やREINSの市場情報で確認する。\nポータル・重複・仲介\n複数のポータル（SUUMO・アットホーム・HOME’S・Yahoo!不動産ほか）で探し仲介と話しますが、ポータルは広告と発見のツールであり、権利・法務・建物・財務の調査の代わりにはなりません。多くの仲介が同じ物件を広告するため重複掲載は一般的で、同じ住まいがわずかに異なる価格や写真で現れることがあります。ポータルで候補を見つけ市場を理解したら、具体的な物件の本格的な調査に移りましょう。\n「未公開」の主張と比較事例\n緊急性を演出する「未公開」「専任」の主張には懐疑的になりましょう。本物のこともありますが、しばしば営業手法です。どの経路でも、募集価格を証拠で確認します。国交省の不動産情報ライブラリとREINSの市場情報は取引事例を提供し、募集価格に頼らず類似物件の実際の成約額を見られます。データは遅れ得、物件はそれぞれ異なりますが、比較事例は掲載の楽観的な数字を払う解毒剤です。\n押さえておきたい要点：複数のポータルと仲介を使う。重複掲載は一般的。ポータルは広告と発見のツールで、権利・法務・建物の調査ではない。判断を急がせる「未公開」「専任」の主張に懐疑的になる。募集価格を国交省の取引事例やREINSの市場情報で確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/finding-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portals","guide:compare-property-listings","guide:real-estate-agents-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"複数のポータルと仲介で探し、掲載は調査でなく発見と捉え、重複掲載を想定し、「未公開」の主張に懐疑的になり、価格を国交省の取引事例で確認します。\nポータル・重複掲載・仲介・未公開物件の主張・比較事例。\n複数のポータルと仲介を使う。重複掲載は一般的。\nポータルは広告と発見のツールで、権利・法務・建物の調査ではない。\n判断を急がせる「未公開」「専任」の主張に懐疑的になる。\n募集価格を国交省の取引事例やREINSの市場情報で確認する。\nポータル・重複・仲介\n複数のポータル（SUUMO・アットホーム・HOME’S・Yahoo!不動産ほか）で探し仲介と話しますが、ポータルは広告と発見のツールであり、権利・法務・建物・財務の調査の代わりにはなりません。多くの仲介が同じ物件を広告するため重複掲載は一般的で、同じ住まいがわずかに異なる価格や写真で現れることがあります。ポータルで候補を見つけ市場を理解したら、具体的な物件の本格的な調査に移りましょう。\n「未公開」の主張と比較事例\n緊急性を演出する「未公開」「専任」の主張には懐疑的になりましょう。本物のこともありますが、しばしば営業手法です。どの経路でも、募集価格を証拠で確認します。国交省の不動産情報ライブラリとREINSの市場情報は取引事例を提供し、募集価格に頼らず類似物件の実際の成約額を見られます。データは遅れ得、物件はそれぞれ異なりますが、比較事例は掲載の楽観的な数字を払う解毒剤です。\n押さえておきたい要点：複数のポータルと仲介を使う。重複掲載は一般的。ポータルは広告と発見のツールで、権利・法務・建物の調査ではない。判断を急がせる「未公開」「専任」の主張に懐疑的になる。募集価格を国交省の取引事例やREINSの市場情報で確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/finding-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:real-estate-agents-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:real-estate-agents-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の不動産仲介と付き合う","plainText":"その仲介が実際に誰を代理するか尋ねます。掲載ブローカーは売主を代理または売主に依存し得、両手仲介や直接取引は利益相反を生み、手数料には法定上限があります。支払う前に免許を確認しましょう。\n仲介の役割・代理・手数料・利益相反・免許。\nその仲介が誰を代理し、両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。\n掲載ブローカーはしばしば売主を代理または経済的に依存する。\n仲介手数料には法定の上限がある。\n支払う前に免許と行政処分の有無を確認する。\n仲介はどちらの側か\n多くの仲介は手数料制で、掲載ブローカーは売主を代理または経済的に依存し得るため、その動機は自動的にあなたと一致しません。誰を代理するか、双方の代理（両手仲介）か、売買に直接の利害があるかを直接尋ねましょう。不動産ポータルや「英語サイト」は、その会社が仲介か、メディア/紹介業か、管理会社かを教えてくれないため、助言に頼る前に関係と動機を確かめましょう。\n手数料と免許\n仲介手数料は、価格と取引に応じた法定上限の対象で、一般的な価格では簡易式＋消費税で計算されるのが通常です。売主から直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主の仲介手数料がないことが多いですが、取引の形を確認しましょう。支払う前に、国交省と都道府県の免許記録で会社の免許と行政処分の有無を確認します。これは無料で、正規で処分歴のない仲介と取引していることを確かめられます。\n押さえておきたい要点：その仲介が誰を代理し、両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。掲載ブローカーはしばしば売主を代理または経済的に依存する。仲介手数料には法定の上限がある。支払う前に免許と行政処分の有無を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/real-estate-agents-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-brokerage-commission","faq:loan-developer-brokerage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees","guide:buyers-agents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"その仲介が実際に誰を代理するか尋ねます。掲載ブローカーは売主を代理または売主に依存し得、両手仲介や直接取引は利益相反を生み、手数料には法定上限があります。支払う前に免許を確認しましょう。\n仲介の役割・代理・手数料・利益相反・免許。\nその仲介が誰を代理し、両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。\n掲載ブローカーはしばしば売主を代理または経済的に依存する。\n仲介手数料には法定の上限がある。\n支払う前に免許と行政処分の有無を確認する。\n仲介はどちらの側か\n多くの仲介は手数料制で、掲載ブローカーは売主を代理または経済的に依存し得るため、その動機は自動的にあなたと一致しません。誰を代理するか、双方の代理（両手仲介）か、売買に直接の利害があるかを直接尋ねましょう。不動産ポータルや「英語サイト」は、その会社が仲介か、メディア/紹介業か、管理会社かを教えてくれないため、助言に頼る前に関係と動機を確かめましょう。\n手数料と免許\n仲介手数料は、価格と取引に応じた法定上限の対象で、一般的な価格では簡易式＋消費税で計算されるのが通常です。売主から直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主の仲介手数料がないことが多いですが、取引の形を確認しましょう。支払う前に、国交省と都道府県の免許記録で会社の免許と行政処分の有無を確認します。これは無料で、正規で処分歴のない仲介と取引していることを確かめられます。\n押さえておきたい要点：その仲介が誰を代理し、両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。掲載ブローカーはしばしば売主を代理または経済的に依存する。仲介手数料には法定の上限がある。支払う前に免許と行政処分の有無を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/real-estate-agents-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-viewing-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:property-viewing-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の物件内見","plainText":"物件は繰り返し内見します。昼・夜・平日・雨の後に見て、実際の使える広さを採寸し、騒音・日当たり・匂い・振動・アクセス・近隣を確認してから判断します。\n複数回の訪問・騒音・日当たり・匂い・アクセス・採寸・近隣。\n可能なら昼・夜・平日・雨の後に訪れる。\n掲載面積を信じず、実際の使える広さを採寸する。\n匂い・交通・電車の振動・日当たり・隣接建物を確認する。\n駅から徒歩で歩き、ゴミ収集・配達・電波を確認する。\n複数回訪れる\n一度の昼の内見では多くが隠れます。昼と夜、平日と週末、可能なら雨の後に訪れ、駅から徒歩で歩いて実際の通勤を体感します。午後2時に静かな通りも朝8時や金曜の夜は騒がしいことがあり、夏に明るい部屋も冬は暗いことがあり、乾いた敷地も大雨で浸水することがあります。異なる時間の複数回の訪問が、演出された内見の隠すものを明らかにします。\n現地で確認すること\n掲載面積（壁や使えない隅を含み得る）を信じず、実際の使える広さを採寸します。匂い・交通と電車の振動・日当たりとそれを遮る隣接建物・ゴミ収集と配達のアクセス・電波・避難経路を確認します。可能なら近隣と話し、日々気になりそうなことを控えます。物件の種類・築年・立地・優先事項に合わせた内見チェックリストがあれば、第一印象に流されず体系的に見られます。\n押さえておきたい要点：可能なら昼・夜・平日・雨の後に訪れる。掲載面積を信じず、実際の使える広さを採寸する。匂い・交通・電車の振動・日当たり・隣接建物を確認する。駅から徒歩で歩き、ゴミ収集・配達・電波を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-viewing-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-inspections","guide:evaluating-used-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"物件は繰り返し内見します。昼・夜・平日・雨の後に見て、実際の使える広さを採寸し、騒音・日当たり・匂い・振動・アクセス・近隣を確認してから判断します。\n複数回の訪問・騒音・日当たり・匂い・アクセス・採寸・近隣。\n可能なら昼・夜・平日・雨の後に訪れる。\n掲載面積を信じず、実際の使える広さを採寸する。\n匂い・交通・電車の振動・日当たり・隣接建物を確認する。\n駅から徒歩で歩き、ゴミ収集・配達・電波を確認する。\n複数回訪れる\n一度の昼の内見では多くが隠れます。昼と夜、平日と週末、可能なら雨の後に訪れ、駅から徒歩で歩いて実際の通勤を体感します。午後2時に静かな通りも朝8時や金曜の夜は騒がしいことがあり、夏に明るい部屋も冬は暗いことがあり、乾いた敷地も大雨で浸水することがあります。異なる時間の複数回の訪問が、演出された内見の隠すものを明らかにします。\n現地で確認すること\n掲載面積（壁や使えない隅を含み得る）を信じず、実際の使える広さを採寸します。匂い・交通と電車の振動・日当たりとそれを遮る隣接建物・ゴミ収集と配達のアクセス・電波・避難経路を確認します。可能なら近隣と話し、日々気になりそうなことを控えます。物件の種類・築年・立地・優先事項に合わせた内見チェックリストがあれば、第一印象に流されず体系的に見られます。\n押さえておきたい要点：可能なら昼・夜・平日・雨の後に訪れる。掲載面積を信じず、実際の使える広さを採寸する。匂い・交通・電車の振動・日当たり・隣接建物を確認する。駅から徒歩で歩き、ゴミ収集・配達・電波を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-viewing-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:making-property-offer:ja","entityId":"guide:making-property-offer","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の物件に買付を入れる","plainText":"買付証明書を提出し、価格・手付・融資条件・希望引渡日・付帯設備・検査/リフォームの立入を明確にします。それ自体は通常拘束力がありませんが、文言と行動は依然重要です。\n買付証明書・価格・条件・付帯設備・リフォームの立入。\n買付証明書は価格・手付・融資条件・引渡日を明確にする。\n付帯設備・瑕疵の扱い・測量・検査・リフォームの立入を明記する。\nそれ自体は通常拘束力がないが、文言と行動は重要。\n買付の前に事前審査を取るほうが安全。\n買付証明書\n買付は買付証明書の提出で行います。価格・手付・融資条件・希望引渡日・付帯設備・瑕疵の扱い・測量・検査・リフォームの立入を明確にするために使います。これらが明確なほど後の紛争は減ります。買付証明書はそれ自体通常拘束力がありませんが、文言と行動は依然重要で、売主が信頼し得るため、その条件で買う準備のない物件に軽々しく買付しないこと。\n買付の前に\n買付の前に事前審査を持つほうが安全で、価格が融資可能と分かり信頼性をもって動けます。買付は交渉とその後の契約の枠組みを決めるため、提出前に必要な条件（特に契約に入る住宅ローン特約）を考え抜きましょう。検査やリフォームを予定するなら、後で当然と仮定せず、買付で立入の権利を確保しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：買付証明書は価格・手付・融資条件・引渡日を明確にする。付帯設備・瑕疵の扱い・測量・検査・リフォームの立入を明記する。それ自体は通常拘束力がないが、文言と行動は重要。買付の前に事前審査を取るほうが安全。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/making-property-offer","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-preapproval","guide:important-matters-explanation","guide:property-purchase-contract"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"買付証明書を提出し、価格・手付・融資条件・希望引渡日・付帯設備・検査/リフォームの立入を明確にします。それ自体は通常拘束力がありませんが、文言と行動は依然重要です。\n買付証明書・価格・条件・付帯設備・リフォームの立入。\n買付証明書は価格・手付・融資条件・引渡日を明確にする。\n付帯設備・瑕疵の扱い・測量・検査・リフォームの立入を明記する。\nそれ自体は通常拘束力がないが、文言と行動は重要。\n買付の前に事前審査を取るほうが安全。\n買付証明書\n買付は買付証明書の提出で行います。価格・手付・融資条件・希望引渡日・付帯設備・瑕疵の扱い・測量・検査・リフォームの立入を明確にするために使います。これらが明確なほど後の紛争は減ります。買付証明書はそれ自体通常拘束力がありませんが、文言と行動は依然重要で、売主が信頼し得るため、その条件で買う準備のない物件に軽々しく買付しないこと。\n買付の前に\n買付の前に事前審査を持つほうが安全で、価格が融資可能と分かり信頼性をもって動けます。買付は交渉とその後の契約の枠組みを決めるため、提出前に必要な条件（特に契約に入る住宅ローン特約）を考え抜きましょう。検査やリフォームを予定するなら、後で当然と仮定せず、買付で立入の権利を確保しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：買付証明書は価格・手付・融資条件・引渡日を明確にする。付帯設備・瑕疵の扱い・測量・検査・リフォームの立入を明記する。それ自体は通常拘束力がないが、文言と行動は重要。買付の前に事前審査を取るほうが安全。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/making-property-offer","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:important-matters-explanation:ja","entityId":"guide:important-matters-explanation","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"重要事項説明","plainText":"重要事項説明は宅地建物取引士が行い、権利・法規制・接道・インフラ・災害情報・借地・管理・手付・解除を扱います。署名直前でなく早めに書類を入手しましょう。\n権利・接道・用途地域・災害・インフラ・解除・管理。\n宅地建物取引士が契約前に重要な事実を説明する。\n権利・法規制・接道・インフラ・災害情報・借地・管理を扱う。\n手付・解除権など重要事項も扱う。\n圧力下で署名せず、確認し質問できるよう書類を早めに入手する。\n説明が扱う内容\n重要事項説明は、売買契約の前に宅地建物取引士が行う、法で義務づけられた開示です。権利・法規制・接道・インフラ・災害情報・借地条件・建物管理・手付・解除権など重要事項を扱います。隠れた問題（借地・再建築不可・地役権・管理の紛争・災害リスク）が表面化するはずの場所なので、全行を読み、不明点はすべて質問しましょう。\n書類を早めに入手する\nよくあり避けられる失敗は、重要事項の書類を署名直前に初めて見ることで、そのときは咀嚼も相談もする時間がありません。理想的には数日前に早めに入手し、細部を確認し、権利や災害情報を照合し、複雑な点（借地・再建築不可・管理紛争）があれば専門家に相談しましょう。売主や仲介が事前の書類提供を渋るなら、形式でなく警告信号と捉えましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：宅地建物取引士が契約前に重要な事実を説明する。権利・法規制・接道・インフラ・災害情報・借地・管理を扱う。手付・解除権など重要事項も扱う。圧力下で署名せず、確認し質問できるよう書類を早めに入手する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/important-matters-explanation","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-purchase-contract","guide:property-land-rights","guide:non-rebuildable-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"重要事項説明は宅地建物取引士が行い、権利・法規制・接道・インフラ・災害情報・借地・管理・手付・解除を扱います。署名直前でなく早めに書類を入手しましょう。\n権利・接道・用途地域・災害・インフラ・解除・管理。\n宅地建物取引士が契約前に重要な事実を説明する。\n権利・法規制・接道・インフラ・災害情報・借地・管理を扱う。\n手付・解除権など重要事項も扱う。\n圧力下で署名せず、確認し質問できるよう書類を早めに入手する。\n説明が扱う内容\n重要事項説明は、売買契約の前に宅地建物取引士が行う、法で義務づけられた開示です。権利・法規制・接道・インフラ・災害情報・借地条件・建物管理・手付・解除権など重要事項を扱います。隠れた問題（借地・再建築不可・地役権・管理の紛争・災害リスク）が表面化するはずの場所なので、全行を読み、不明点はすべて質問しましょう。\n書類を早めに入手する\nよくあり避けられる失敗は、重要事項の書類を署名直前に初めて見ることで、そのときは咀嚼も相談もする時間がありません。理想的には数日前に早めに入手し、細部を確認し、権利や災害情報を照合し、複雑な点（借地・再建築不可・管理紛争）があれば専門家に相談しましょう。売主や仲介が事前の書類提供を渋るなら、形式でなく警告信号と捉えましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：宅地建物取引士が契約前に重要な事実を説明する。権利・法規制・接道・インフラ・災害情報・借地・管理を扱う。手付・解除権など重要事項も扱う。圧力下で署名せず、確認し質問できるよう書類を早めに入手する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/important-matters-explanation","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-purchase-contract:ja","entityId":"guide:property-purchase-contract","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の不動産売買契約","plainText":"売買契約は義務・期限・違反と解除の条件・住宅ローン特約を定めます。すべての期限と手付のルールを理解し、署名前に専門家の確認を受けましょう。\n契約の構成・義務・期限・違反・専門家の確認。\n契約は義務・期限・違反・解除の条件を定める。\n住宅ローン特約は、融資不成立時に手付が戻るかを左右する。\n期限を逃すと手付の没収や違約金にさらされ得る。\n署名前に専門家に契約を確認してもらう。\n契約の構成と義務\n売買契約は、当事者の義務・支払いと決済の期限・違反の扱い・解除権を、住宅ローン特約とともに定める拘束力ある文書です。すべての期限が重要です。融資の申込と承認の期限、引渡日、解除権を行使する期限など。期限を逃すと手付の没収や違約金を招き得るため、日付を整理し余裕を持たせましょう。\n署名前の専門家確認\n住宅ローン特約と手付のルールを理解する前に売買契約に署名しないこと。住宅ローン特約は、所定の融資が不成立の場合に、契約の条件を満たしたときに限り手付が返還されるかを決めます。特殊な点（借地・再建築不可・複雑な権利・大きな取引）があれば、署名前に専門家に契約を確認してもらいましょう。確認の費用は手付や価格に比べれば小さく、安く問題を捉えられる最後の機会です。\n押さえておきたい要点：契約は義務・期限・違反・解除の条件を定める。住宅ローン特約は、融資不成立時に手付が戻るかを左右する。期限を逃すと手付の没収や違約金にさらされ得る。署名前に専門家に契約を確認してもらう。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-purchase-contract","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-financing-clause","faq:loan-deposit-returned","faq:loan-earnest-money-size"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:important-matters-explanation","guide:property-deposits","guide:mortgage-financing-clause"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"売買契約は義務・期限・違反と解除の条件・住宅ローン特約を定めます。すべての期限と手付のルールを理解し、署名前に専門家の確認を受けましょう。\n契約の構成・義務・期限・違反・専門家の確認。\n契約は義務・期限・違反・解除の条件を定める。\n住宅ローン特約は、融資不成立時に手付が戻るかを左右する。\n期限を逃すと手付の没収や違約金にさらされ得る。\n署名前に専門家に契約を確認してもらう。\n契約の構成と義務\n売買契約は、当事者の義務・支払いと決済の期限・違反の扱い・解除権を、住宅ローン特約とともに定める拘束力ある文書です。すべての期限が重要です。融資の申込と承認の期限、引渡日、解除権を行使する期限など。期限を逃すと手付の没収や違約金を招き得るため、日付を整理し余裕を持たせましょう。\n署名前の専門家確認\n住宅ローン特約と手付のルールを理解する前に売買契約に署名しないこと。住宅ローン特約は、所定の融資が不成立の場合に、契約の条件を満たしたときに限り手付が返還されるかを決めます。特殊な点（借地・再建築不可・複雑な権利・大きな取引）があれば、署名前に専門家に契約を確認してもらいましょう。確認の費用は手付や価格に比べれば小さく、安く問題を捉えられる最後の機会です。\n押さえておきたい要点：契約は義務・期限・違反・解除の条件を定める。住宅ローン特約は、融資不成立時に手付が戻るかを左右する。期限を逃すと手付の没収や違約金にさらされ得る。署名前に専門家に契約を確認してもらう。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-purchase-contract","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-deposits:ja","entityId":"guide:property-deposits","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"手付金と諸費用の預け金","plainText":"手付金は追加費用でなく代金の一部で、一般に5〜10%程度ですが必須ではありません。融資不成立時に返還されるかは、契約の住宅ローン特約とその要件を満たしたか次第です。\n一般的な構成・解除・融資不成立・返還条件。\n手付金は決済時に代金へ充当。取引が成立すれば追加費用ではない。\n一般に5〜10%だが、普遍的な必須割合はない。\n解除権・期限・違約金を理解する。\n融資不成立での返還は、住宅ローン特約が適用され要件を満たした場合のみ。\n手付金とは\n手付金は契約時に支払う代金の一部で、追加費用ではありません。取引が成立すれば決済時に代金へ充当されます。市場慣行は概ね5〜10%ですが、普遍的な必須割合はなく、金額は交渉で決まります。手付が伴う解除権を理解しましょう。多くの契約では、所定の時点まで、買主は手付放棄で、売主は手付倍返しで解除できますが、期限や違約金の条件は異なります。\n融資不成立での返還\n住宅ローン利用者の重要な問いは、融資が不成立の場合に手付が戻るかです。答えは、契約の住宅ローン特約が適用され、その要件（指定の金融機関・金額・期限、そして誠実に申込・遂行したこと）を満たした場合のみ、です。だからこそ住宅ローン特約は丁寧に取り決める必要があり、理解する前に署名すべきではありません。特約が適用されない、または条件を満たさなかった場合、手付は危険にさらされ得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：手付金は決済時に代金へ充当。取引が成立すれば追加費用ではない。一般に5〜10%だが、普遍的な必須割合はない。解除権・期限・違約金を理解する。融資不成立での返還は、住宅ローン特約が適用され要件を満たした場合のみ。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-deposits","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-earnest-money-size","faq:loan-earnest-extra-cost","faq:loan-deposit-returned"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-purchase-contract","guide:mortgage-financing-clause","guide:property-closing-costs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"手付金は追加費用でなく代金の一部で、一般に5〜10%程度ですが必須ではありません。融資不成立時に返還されるかは、契約の住宅ローン特約とその要件を満たしたか次第です。\n一般的な構成・解除・融資不成立・返還条件。\n手付金は決済時に代金へ充当。取引が成立すれば追加費用ではない。\n一般に5〜10%だが、普遍的な必須割合はない。\n解除権・期限・違約金を理解する。\n融資不成立での返還は、住宅ローン特約が適用され要件を満たした場合のみ。\n手付金とは\n手付金は契約時に支払う代金の一部で、追加費用ではありません。取引が成立すれば決済時に代金へ充当されます。市場慣行は概ね5〜10%ですが、普遍的な必須割合はなく、金額は交渉で決まります。手付が伴う解除権を理解しましょう。多くの契約では、所定の時点まで、買主は手付放棄で、売主は手付倍返しで解除できますが、期限や違約金の条件は異なります。\n融資不成立での返還\n住宅ローン利用者の重要な問いは、融資が不成立の場合に手付が戻るかです。答えは、契約の住宅ローン特約が適用され、その要件（指定の金融機関・金額・期限、そして誠実に申込・遂行したこと）を満たした場合のみ、です。だからこそ住宅ローン特約は丁寧に取り決める必要があり、理解する前に署名すべきではありません。特約が適用されない、または条件を満たさなかった場合、手付は危険にさらされ得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：手付金は決済時に代金へ充当。取引が成立すれば追加費用ではない。一般に5〜10%だが、普遍的な必須割合はない。解除権・期限・違約金を理解する。融資不成立での返還は、住宅ローン特約が適用され要件を満たした場合のみ。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-deposits","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-financing-clause:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-financing-clause","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン特約（融資特約）","plainText":"住宅ローン特約は、所定の融資が不成立の場合に解除して手付を取り戻せる条項ですが、金融機関と金額を明記し明確な期限を設け、あなたが誠実に申し込む義務を果たした場合に限ります。\n指定の金融機関・金額・期限・買主の義務・手付のリスク。\n特約は金融機関・金額・申込と承認の期限を明記すべき。\n融資不成立時に手付を取り戻せるかを左右する。\n誠実に期限までに申し込むなど、義務を果たす必要がある。\n不十分な特約は手付を危険にさらし得る。\n特約の働き\n住宅ローン特約は住宅ローン利用者の中核の保護です。特約に基づき所定の融資が不成立の場合に、契約を解除して手付を取り戻せます。機能するには、金融機関・金額・申込と承認の期限を明記し、融資が否決された場合に手付がどうなるかを明確に定めるべきです。頼る前に、金融機関・金額・申込期限・承認期限・返還条件を確認しましょう。\nあなたの義務と手付のリスク\n特約があなたを守るのは、義務を果たした場合のみです。主に、指定のローンに誠実に期限までに申し込み、自ら不成立を招かない（新規借入や転職などをしない）ことです。特約が実際の不成立の仕方に当てはまらない、または期限を逃した場合、手付は危険にさらされ得ます。文言が決定的なため、特約を理解する前に売買契約に署名せず、取引が大きい・特殊なら確認を受けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：特約は金融機関・金額・申込と承認の期限を明記すべき。融資不成立時に手付を取り戻せるかを左右する。誠実に期限までに申し込むなど、義務を果たす必要がある。不十分な特約は手付を危険にさらし得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-financing-clause","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-financing-clause","faq:loan-deposit-returned","faq:loan-change-jobs"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-deposits","guide:property-purchase-contract","guide:preapproval-final-approval"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"住宅ローン特約は、所定の融資が不成立の場合に解除して手付を取り戻せる条項ですが、金融機関と金額を明記し明確な期限を設け、あなたが誠実に申し込む義務を果たした場合に限ります。\n指定の金融機関・金額・期限・買主の義務・手付のリスク。\n特約は金融機関・金額・申込と承認の期限を明記すべき。\n融資不成立時に手付を取り戻せるかを左右する。\n誠実に期限までに申し込むなど、義務を果たす必要がある。\n不十分な特約は手付を危険にさらし得る。\n特約の働き\n住宅ローン特約は住宅ローン利用者の中核の保護です。特約に基づき所定の融資が不成立の場合に、契約を解除して手付を取り戻せます。機能するには、金融機関・金額・申込と承認の期限を明記し、融資が否決された場合に手付がどうなるかを明確に定めるべきです。頼る前に、金融機関・金額・申込期限・承認期限・返還条件を確認しましょう。\nあなたの義務と手付のリスク\n特約があなたを守るのは、義務を果たした場合のみです。主に、指定のローンに誠実に期限までに申し込み、自ら不成立を招かない（新規借入や転職などをしない）ことです。特約が実際の不成立の仕方に当てはまらない、または期限を逃した場合、手付は危険にさらされ得ます。文言が決定的なため、特約を理解する前に売買契約に署名せず、取引が大きい・特殊なら確認を受けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：特約は金融機関・金額・申込と承認の期限を明記すべき。融資不成立時に手付を取り戻せるかを左右する。誠実に期限までに申し込むなど、義務を果たす必要がある。不十分な特約は手付を危険にさらし得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-financing-clause","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:home-inspections:ja","entityId":"guide:home-inspections","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の住宅検査（建物状況調査）","plainText":"建物状況調査は、目視・計測可能な劣化を調べます。制度は仲介に検査のあっせんと開示を求めますが、無欠陥を保証せず、金融機関の担保評価は構造検査ではありません。\n中古住宅の検査・その限界・独立性・報告・保証。\n登録検査人が所定部位の目視・計測可能な劣化を調べる。\n制度は仲介に検査のあっせんと開示を求める。\n検査は無欠陥を保証しない。\n売主や施工業者から独立した検査人を選ぶ。\n検査が対象とする範囲\n中古住宅では、可能なら独立した有資格の検査人に依頼します。日本の検査制度の下で、登録された建物状況調査の検査人が、所定部位の目視・計測可能な劣化を調べます。法制度は仲介に検査のあっせんと開示への対応を求めるため、取引でこの話題は出るはずです。ただし検査は見えて計測できる範囲の状態調査であり保証ではなく、金融機関の担保評価は担保価値の評価であって構造検査ではありません。\n限界と独立性\n検査は隠れた瑕疵がないことを保証しません。その時点で見えて計測できるものを報告するため、構造的・隠蔽された・断続的な問題は見落とされ得ます。あなたが選び、売主や施工業者から独立した検査人を選びましょう。売却成立や修繕受注への利害で報告が歪まないようにするためです。見た目が改装済みだからと検査を省かないこと。新しい仕上げが先送りした構造工事を隠し得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：登録検査人が所定部位の目視・計測可能な劣化を調べる。制度は仲介に検査のあっせんと開示を求める。検査は無欠陥を保証しない。売主や施工業者から独立した検査人を選ぶ。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/home-inspections","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-inspection","faq:loan-inspection-guarantee","faq:loan-who-selects-inspector"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-inspection-services","guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:property-defects-warranties"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"建物状況調査は、目視・計測可能な劣化を調べます。制度は仲介に検査のあっせんと開示を求めますが、無欠陥を保証せず、金融機関の担保評価は構造検査ではありません。\n中古住宅の検査・その限界・独立性・報告・保証。\n登録検査人が所定部位の目視・計測可能な劣化を調べる。\n制度は仲介に検査のあっせんと開示を求める。\n検査は無欠陥を保証しない。\n売主や施工業者から独立した検査人を選ぶ。\n検査が対象とする範囲\n中古住宅では、可能なら独立した有資格の検査人に依頼します。日本の検査制度の下で、登録された建物状況調査の検査人が、所定部位の目視・計測可能な劣化を調べます。法制度は仲介に検査のあっせんと開示への対応を求めるため、取引でこの話題は出るはずです。ただし検査は見えて計測できる範囲の状態調査であり保証ではなく、金融機関の担保評価は担保価値の評価であって構造検査ではありません。\n限界と独立性\n検査は隠れた瑕疵がないことを保証しません。その時点で見えて計測できるものを報告するため、構造的・隠蔽された・断続的な問題は見落とされ得ます。あなたが選び、売主や施工業者から独立した検査人を選びましょう。売却成立や修繕受注への利害で報告が歪まないようにするためです。見た目が改装済みだからと検査を省かないこと。新しい仕上げが先送りした構造工事を隠し得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：登録検査人が所定部位の目視・計測可能な劣化を調べる。制度は仲介に検査のあっせんと開示を求める。検査は無欠陥を保証しない。売主や施工業者から独立した検査人を選ぶ。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/home-inspections","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-closing-registration:ja","entityId":"guide:property-closing-registration","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"決済と登記","plainText":"決済では買主が残代金を払い、融資が実行され、鍵と占有が移り、司法書士が所有権移転と抵当権設定を登記します。空き渡し・インフラ・税や費用の按分・想定外の担保がないことを確認します。\n残代金・融資実行・鍵・司法書士・登記。\n買主が残代金を払い、同日に融資が実行される。\n決済で鍵と占有が移る。\n司法書士が所有権移転と抵当権設定を登記する。\n空き渡し・インフラ・税や費用の按分・想定外の担保がないことを確認する。\n決済で起きること\n決済は取引が完了する日です。買主が代金の残額を払い、融資が実行され、鍵と占有が移り、司法書士が通常、所有権移転登記と金融機関の抵当権設定登記を行います。これらは多くの場合まとめて（多くは銀行で）行われ、司法書士が書類を確認してから資金が動きます。司法書士の役割は、登記を準備・申請し、決済の手続きを確認することです。\n確認すること\n決済の前と当日に、空き渡し（物件が空で占有できる状態）、インフラの手配、売主と買主の間で税や費用が正しく按分されていること、すべての書類が揃っていること、権利に想定外の担保がないことを確認します。司法書士は登記側を確認しますが、占有と金銭の按分は自分で納得しましょう。資金が動き登記が申請されれば住まいはあなたのものになるため、不一致は実行の後でなく前に指摘しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：買主が残代金を払い、同日に融資が実行される。決済で鍵と占有が移る。司法書士が所有権移転と抵当権設定を登記する。空き渡し・インフラ・税や費用の按分・想定外の担保がないことを確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-closing-registration","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-judicial-scrivener","faq:loan-prorate-fixed-asset"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:judicial-scrivener-property","guide:property-registration-costs","guide:after-buying-home"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Justice","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"決済では買主が残代金を払い、融資が実行され、鍵と占有が移り、司法書士が所有権移転と抵当権設定を登記します。空き渡し・インフラ・税や費用の按分・想定外の担保がないことを確認します。\n残代金・融資実行・鍵・司法書士・登記。\n買主が残代金を払い、同日に融資が実行される。\n決済で鍵と占有が移る。\n司法書士が所有権移転と抵当権設定を登記する。\n空き渡し・インフラ・税や費用の按分・想定外の担保がないことを確認する。\n決済で起きること\n決済は取引が完了する日です。買主が代金の残額を払い、融資が実行され、鍵と占有が移り、司法書士が通常、所有権移転登記と金融機関の抵当権設定登記を行います。これらは多くの場合まとめて（多くは銀行で）行われ、司法書士が書類を確認してから資金が動きます。司法書士の役割は、登記を準備・申請し、決済の手続きを確認することです。\n確認すること\n決済の前と当日に、空き渡し（物件が空で占有できる状態）、インフラの手配、売主と買主の間で税や費用が正しく按分されていること、すべての書類が揃っていること、権利に想定外の担保がないことを確認します。司法書士は登記側を確認しますが、占有と金銭の按分は自分で納得しましょう。資金が動き登記が申請されれば住まいはあなたのものになるため、不一致は実行の後でなく前に指摘しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：買主が残代金を払い、同日に融資が実行される。決済で鍵と占有が移る。司法書士が所有権移転と抵当権設定を登記する。空き渡し・インフラ・税や費用の按分・想定外の担保がないことを確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-closing-registration","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-purchase-documents:ja","entityId":"guide:property-purchase-documents","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産購入に必要な書類","plainText":"本人確認と住民票、収入と税の書類、物件書類、売買契約と重要事項説明、そして特に外国人居住者は資金の出所の証拠の提出を見込みます。\n本人確認・収入・税・物件・契約・資金の出所の書類。\n本人確認と住民：在留カード/マイナンバー、住民票。\n収入と税：源泉徴収票・課税証明、自営は確定申告。\n物件と契約：売買契約・重要事項説明・物件書類。\n資金の出所：頭金の証拠、必要なら翻訳した海外明細。\n書類一式\n住宅ローンでの購入はいくつかの書類群をまとめます。本人確認と住民：求めに応じた在留カードとマイナンバー関連の税書類、住民票。収入と税：会社員は源泉徴収票と課税証明、自営は複数年の確定申告。物件と契約：売買契約・重要事項説明・物件書類。住宅ローンではさらに、在職証明と団信のための保険/健康の告知を加えます。\n資金の出所（特に外国人居住者）\n頭金とその出所の証拠はますます重要で、特に外国人居住者や海外から資金を持ち込む人にとってそうです。必要なら翻訳した海外の銀行明細の提示を見込み、資金をどう蓄えたか説明できるようにします。非開示の消費者信用で頭金を借りないこと。非開示の借入は危険で、否決や虚偽の懸念を招き得ます。書類を整理し、事前審査での申告と一貫させましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：本人確認と住民：在留カード/マイナンバー、住民票。収入と税：源泉徴収票・課税証明、自営は確定申告。物件と契約：売買契約・重要事項説明・物件書類。資金の出所：頭金の証拠、必要なら翻訳した海外明細。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-purchase-documents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-income-documents","faq:loan-borrow-down-payment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-income-documents","guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:mortgage-document-checklist"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"本人確認と住民票、収入と税の書類、物件書類、売買契約と重要事項説明、そして特に外国人居住者は資金の出所の証拠の提出を見込みます。\n本人確認・収入・税・物件・契約・資金の出所の書類。\n本人確認と住民：在留カード/マイナンバー、住民票。\n収入と税：源泉徴収票・課税証明、自営は確定申告。\n物件と契約：売買契約・重要事項説明・物件書類。\n資金の出所：頭金の証拠、必要なら翻訳した海外明細。\n書類一式\n住宅ローンでの購入はいくつかの書類群をまとめます。本人確認と住民：求めに応じた在留カードとマイナンバー関連の税書類、住民票。収入と税：会社員は源泉徴収票と課税証明、自営は複数年の確定申告。物件と契約：売買契約・重要事項説明・物件書類。住宅ローンではさらに、在職証明と団信のための保険/健康の告知を加えます。\n資金の出所（特に外国人居住者）\n頭金とその出所の証拠はますます重要で、特に外国人居住者や海外から資金を持ち込む人にとってそうです。必要なら翻訳した海外の銀行明細の提示を見込み、資金をどう蓄えたか説明できるようにします。非開示の消費者信用で頭金を借りないこと。非開示の借入は危険で、否決や虚偽の懸念を招き得ます。書類を整理し、事前審査での申告と一貫させましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：本人確認と住民：在留カード/マイナンバー、住民票。収入と税：源泉徴収票・課税証明、自営は確定申告。物件と契約：売買契約・重要事項説明・物件書類。資金の出所：頭金の証拠、必要なら翻訳した海外明細。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-purchase-documents","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:after-buying-home:ja","entityId":"guide:after-buying-home","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"家を買った後にすること","plainText":"入居後は、初年度の住宅ローン控除など税の申告を行い、住所変更をし、契約と費用の証拠を保管し、瑕疵の通知期限を控え、修繕積立を始め、保険を毎年見直します。\n税の申告・記録・保険・修繕・住所変更・瑕疵の期限。\n初年度の住宅ローン控除など税の申告を行う。\n住所変更をし記録を更新する。\n契約・重要事項説明・費用の証拠を保管する。\n瑕疵の通知期限を控え、修繕積立を始め、保険を毎年見直す。\n税の申告と記録\n住宅ローン控除は通常、初年度に確定申告が必要なので申告します。控除は年末の適格なローン残高に基づき、自動ではありません。住民票・公共料金・銀行・金融機関で住所を変更します。売買契約・重要事項説明・請求書・登記・ローン記録・リフォームの証拠を保管しましょう。この費用の証拠は、後で売却時の譲渡所得の取得費や、保証・瑕疵の請求に必要になります。\n瑕疵・積立・保険\n契約の瑕疵通知期限を確認します。新築・中古とも、適格な瑕疵を売主に通知すべき期間があり、逃すと保護を失い得ます。修繕積立を始めましょう。マンションは組合が集めますが、一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・設備・構造のために同等を自己資金で用意します。火災・地震保険を毎年見直し、地震保険は火災保険と別建てで上限があることを覚えておきましょう。これらの早い習慣が、人生最大の買い物を守ります。\n押さえておきたい要点：初年度の住宅ローン控除など税の申告を行う。住所変更をし記録を更新する。契約・重要事項説明・費用の証拠を保管する。瑕疵の通知期限を控え、修繕積立を始め、保険を毎年見直す。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/after-buying-home","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-file-first-year","faq:loan-records-keep"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-tax-deduction","guide:property-defects-warranties","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"入居後は、初年度の住宅ローン控除など税の申告を行い、住所変更をし、契約と費用の証拠を保管し、瑕疵の通知期限を控え、修繕積立を始め、保険を毎年見直します。\n税の申告・記録・保険・修繕・住所変更・瑕疵の期限。\n初年度の住宅ローン控除など税の申告を行う。\n住所変更をし記録を更新する。\n契約・重要事項説明・費用の証拠を保管する。\n瑕疵の通知期限を控え、修繕積立を始め、保険を毎年見直す。\n税の申告と記録\n住宅ローン控除は通常、初年度に確定申告が必要なので申告します。控除は年末の適格なローン残高に基づき、自動ではありません。住民票・公共料金・銀行・金融機関で住所を変更します。売買契約・重要事項説明・請求書・登記・ローン記録・リフォームの証拠を保管しましょう。この費用の証拠は、後で売却時の譲渡所得の取得費や、保証・瑕疵の請求に必要になります。\n瑕疵・積立・保険\n契約の瑕疵通知期限を確認します。新築・中古とも、適格な瑕疵を売主に通知すべき期間があり、逃すと保護を失い得ます。修繕積立を始めましょう。マンションは組合が集めますが、一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・設備・構造のために同等を自己資金で用意します。火災・地震保険を毎年見直し、地震保険は火災保険と別建てで上限があることを覚えておきましょう。これらの早い習慣が、人生最大の買い物を守ります。\n押さえておきたい要点：初年度の住宅ローン控除など税の申告を行う。住所変更をし記録を更新する。契約・重要事項説明・費用の証拠を保管する。瑕疵の通知期限を控え、修繕積立を始め、保険を毎年見直す。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/after-buying-home","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:evaluating-used-property:ja","entityId":"guide:evaluating-used-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"中古住宅を評価する","plainText":"耐震基準・構造の状態・維持履歴・瑕疵・災害リスク・法適合・売却の流動性を評価します。古い＝悪いとは限らず、新しい改装が先送りの構造工事を隠し得ます。\n構造・築年・瑕疵・検査・改装・法適合。\n耐震基準・構造・維持履歴を確認する。\n独立した検査を依頼する。新しい仕上げが先送り工事を隠し得る。\n法適合（再建築可否・接道・セットバック）を確認する。\n災害リスクと現実的な売却の流動性を評価する。\n中古住宅で評価すること\n中古住宅は新築より自動的に危険というわけではありませんが、複数の観点で評価が必要です。耐震基準（一般に1981年6月1日以降の許可と関連づけられますが、建物固有の構造・改修・基礎・地盤・維持も重要）、構造の状態と維持履歴、瑕疵、災害リスク、法適合、売却の流動性です。新築より低い価格は、履歴を確認できる既知の建物を引き受ける報酬です。リスクは確認し損ねたものにあります。\n検査と法適合\n可能なら独立した有資格の検査人に依頼し、改装済みに見えるからと検査を省かないこと。新しい仕上げが先送りの構造工事を隠し得ます。法適合は別途確認します。再建築可能か、十分な接道があるか、セットバックを満たすか、現行の用途地域に適合するか。再建築不可の物件ははるかに安いものの、融資・保険・改装・売却の重大な制約を伴います。これらは掲載を信じず、重要事項説明と関係窓口で確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：耐震基準・構造・維持履歴を確認する。独立した検査を依頼する。新しい仕上げが先送り工事を隠し得る。法適合（再建築可否・接道・セットバック）を確認する。災害リスクと現実的な売却の流動性を評価する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/evaluating-used-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-avoid-pre-1981","faq:loan-inspection-guarantee"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:earthquake-standards","guide:home-inspections","guide:non-rebuildable-property","guide:property-defects-warranties"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"耐震基準・構造の状態・維持履歴・瑕疵・災害リスク・法適合・売却の流動性を評価します。古い＝悪いとは限らず、新しい改装が先送りの構造工事を隠し得ます。\n構造・築年・瑕疵・検査・改装・法適合。\n耐震基準・構造・維持履歴を確認する。\n独立した検査を依頼する。新しい仕上げが先送り工事を隠し得る。\n法適合（再建築可否・接道・セットバック）を確認する。\n災害リスクと現実的な売却の流動性を評価する。\n中古住宅で評価すること\n中古住宅は新築より自動的に危険というわけではありませんが、複数の観点で評価が必要です。耐震基準（一般に1981年6月1日以降の許可と関連づけられますが、建物固有の構造・改修・基礎・地盤・維持も重要）、構造の状態と維持履歴、瑕疵、災害リスク、法適合、売却の流動性です。新築より低い価格は、履歴を確認できる既知の建物を引き受ける報酬です。リスクは確認し損ねたものにあります。\n検査と法適合\n可能なら独立した有資格の検査人に依頼し、改装済みに見えるからと検査を省かないこと。新しい仕上げが先送りの構造工事を隠し得ます。法適合は別途確認します。再建築可能か、十分な接道があるか、セットバックを満たすか、現行の用途地域に適合するか。再建築不可の物件ははるかに安いものの、融資・保険・改装・売却の重大な制約を伴います。これらは掲載を信じず、重要事項説明と関係窓口で確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：耐震基準・構造・維持履歴を確認する。独立した検査を依頼する。新しい仕上げが先送り工事を隠し得る。法適合（再建築可否・接道・セットバック）を確認する。災害リスクと現実的な売却の流動性を評価する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/evaluating-used-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:evaluating-condominium:ja","entityId":"guide:evaluating-condominium","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マンションを評価する","plainText":"マンションは管理組合次第です。積立残高と積立方法・滞納・長期修繕計画と議事録・予定される大規模工事・保険・訴訟を確認します。積立を不足させる安い月費用は将来の一時金です。\n修繕積立金・管理・滞納・議事録・大規模修繕・訴訟。\n積立残高・積立方法・急な段階増額かを確認する。\n滞納・組合借入・長期修繕計画を確認する。\n議事録で紛争・予定工事・運営を読む。\n積立を不足させる安い月費用は将来の一時金。\n組合に加わるということ\nマンションを買うことは、その組合の財務と運営に加わることなので、住戸と同じくらい丁寧に確認します。㎡あたりの修繕積立金残高と現行の月額積立、積立方法（均等か急な逓増か）、長期（30年以上）修繕計画とその更新日、次の大規模工事の見込みと不足額、所有者の滞納、組合の借入、管理費の推移、商業・不在所有の集中を確認します。国交省は段階増額から均等な積立への移行を特に推奨しています。\n議事録・訴訟・予定工事\n議事録を読みましょう。未解決の紛争・不評な決定・出席状況・運営の実態が分かります。保険と地震保障、未解決の訴訟を確認します。予定されるエレベーター・配管・外壁・耐震の工事を見ます。これらが積立を直撃する大きな費用だからです。将来の一時金を生むなら、今の安い月費用を良いと評価すべきではありません。信頼できる計画を持つ十分な積立の組合は、不足を隠す安い費用より価値があります。\n押さえておきたい要点：積立残高・積立方法・急な段階増額かを確認する。滞納・組合借入・長期修繕計画を確認する。議事録で紛争・予定工事・運営を読む。積立を不足させる安い月費用は将来の一時金。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/evaluating-condominium","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-check","faq:loan-condo-fees","faq:loan-repair-reserve","faq:loan-special-assessment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:condo-repair-reserve","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:condominium-rules","guide:condo-financial-health"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"マンションは管理組合次第です。積立残高と積立方法・滞納・長期修繕計画と議事録・予定される大規模工事・保険・訴訟を確認します。積立を不足させる安い月費用は将来の一時金です。\n修繕積立金・管理・滞納・議事録・大規模修繕・訴訟。\n積立残高・積立方法・急な段階増額かを確認する。\n滞納・組合借入・長期修繕計画を確認する。\n議事録で紛争・予定工事・運営を読む。\n積立を不足させる安い月費用は将来の一時金。\n組合に加わるということ\nマンションを買うことは、その組合の財務と運営に加わることなので、住戸と同じくらい丁寧に確認します。㎡あたりの修繕積立金残高と現行の月額積立、積立方法（均等か急な逓増か）、長期（30年以上）修繕計画とその更新日、次の大規模工事の見込みと不足額、所有者の滞納、組合の借入、管理費の推移、商業・不在所有の集中を確認します。国交省は段階増額から均等な積立への移行を特に推奨しています。\n議事録・訴訟・予定工事\n議事録を読みましょう。未解決の紛争・不評な決定・出席状況・運営の実態が分かります。保険と地震保障、未解決の訴訟を確認します。予定されるエレベーター・配管・外壁・耐震の工事を見ます。これらが積立を直撃する大きな費用だからです。将来の一時金を生むなら、今の安い月費用を良いと評価すべきではありません。信頼できる計画を持つ十分な積立の組合は、不足を隠す安い費用より価値があります。\n押さえておきたい要点：積立残高・積立方法・急な段階増額かを確認する。滞納・組合借入・長期修繕計画を確認する。議事録で紛争・予定工事・運営を読む。積立を不足させる安い月費用は将来の一時金。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/evaluating-condominium","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:condo-repair-reserve:ja","entityId":"guide:condo-repair-reserve","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マンションの修繕積立金の解説","plainText":"修繕積立金は大規模修繕を賄います。急な段階増額計画の下の低い現行積立は不足を残し一時金になり得ます。国交省は急な逓増より均等な積立を推奨しています。\n毎月の積立・段階増額・一時金・積立不足。\n修繕積立金は長期の資本工事のために貯める。管理費は貯めない。\n段階増額計画は安く始まり急に上がり、不足のリスクがある。\n不足は一時金（追加の一括負担）になる。\n国交省は均等な積立への移行を推奨する。\n積立金が賄うもの\n修繕積立金は、大規模修繕（屋根・外壁・エレベーター・配管・防水・耐震工事）のために貯めるお金です。通常運営を賄い将来のために貯めない管理費とは別です。建物を評価するときは、㎡あたりの積立残高と月額を見ます。信頼できる長期計画を持つ十分な積立は大きな費用が手当てされていることを意味し、薄い積立は工事の時期に所有者がお金を工面しなければならないことを意味します。\n段階増額と積立不足\n多くの建物は、低い積立で始め時間とともに急に上げる段階増額計画を使います。これは初期の月費用を魅力的に見せますが、不足を生み得ます。計画どおりに進まない、または費用が見積りを超えると、積立が不足し、大規模工事が必要なときに所有者は一時金（追加の一括負担）に直面します。国交省は段階増額から均等な積立への早い移行を特に推奨しています。建物を比較するときは、極端に低い現行の積立費用を利点でなく警告と捉えましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：修繕積立金は長期の資本工事のために貯める。管理費は貯めない。段階増額計画は安く始まり急に上がり、不足のリスクがある。不足は一時金（追加の一括負担）になる。国交省は均等な積立への移行を推奨する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/condo-repair-reserve","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-repair-reserve","faq:loan-reserve-rise","faq:loan-special-assessment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:condo-financial-health"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"修繕積立金は大規模修繕を賄います。急な段階増額計画の下の低い現行積立は不足を残し一時金になり得ます。国交省は急な逓増より均等な積立を推奨しています。\n毎月の積立・段階増額・一時金・積立不足。\n修繕積立金は長期の資本工事のために貯める。管理費は貯めない。\n段階増額計画は安く始まり急に上がり、不足のリスクがある。\n不足は一時金（追加の一括負担）になる。\n国交省は均等な積立への移行を推奨する。\n積立金が賄うもの\n修繕積立金は、大規模修繕（屋根・外壁・エレベーター・配管・防水・耐震工事）のために貯めるお金です。通常運営を賄い将来のために貯めない管理費とは別です。建物を評価するときは、㎡あたりの積立残高と月額を見ます。信頼できる長期計画を持つ十分な積立は大きな費用が手当てされていることを意味し、薄い積立は工事の時期に所有者がお金を工面しなければならないことを意味します。\n段階増額と積立不足\n多くの建物は、低い積立で始め時間とともに急に上げる段階増額計画を使います。これは初期の月費用を魅力的に見せますが、不足を生み得ます。計画どおりに進まない、または費用が見積りを超えると、積立が不足し、大規模工事が必要なときに所有者は一時金（追加の一括負担）に直面します。国交省は段階増額から均等な積立への早い移行を特に推奨しています。建物を比較するときは、極端に低い現行の積立費用を利点でなく警告と捉えましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：修繕積立金は長期の資本工事のために貯める。管理費は貯めない。段階増額計画は安く始まり急に上がり、不足のリスクがある。不足は一時金（追加の一括負担）になる。国交省は均等な積立への移行を推奨する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/condo-repair-reserve","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:earthquake-standards:ja","entityId":"guide:earthquake-standards","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の耐震基準を理解する","plainText":"主要な基準の移行は一般に1981年6月1日以降の許可（「新耐震基準」）と関連づけられますが、それは基準の目安であって建物固有の保証ではありません。構造・改修・基礎・地盤・不整形・維持・書類がすべて依然重要です。\n1981年の移行・書類・耐震改修・地盤と構造。\n「新耐震基準」は一般に1981年6月1日以降の許可と関連づけられる。\nそれは基準の目安であり、建物固有の保証ではない。\n構造・改修履歴・基礎・地盤・維持は依然重要。\n1981年以前の建物を一律に避けない。個別に検査する。\n1981年の移行\n耐震適合は、建物が「新耐震」かを尋ねる以上のことを要します。主要な基準の移行は一般に1981年6月1日以降の許可と関連づけられ、その日以降に許可された建物は概ね新しい基準を反映します。しかしこれは基準の目安であり、特定の建物の保証ではありません。実際の耐震性能は、構造・改修履歴・基礎・地盤・構造の不整形・維持・入手できる書類によります。維持の悪い1981年以降の建物は、よく改修された古い建物より劣ることがあります。\n個別を検査する\n1981年以前の建物を一律に避けず、改修・構造・地盤・維持・書類を検査しましょう。マンションでは、構造報告・改修履歴・長期修繕計画・議事録・積立残高・予定される耐震工事を確認します。一戸建てでは、基礎と地盤を考え検査を依頼します。日付は出発点のふるいであって結論ではありません。目標は、この特定の建物が実際どう挙動するか、必要な改修が計画・資金手当てされているかを理解することです。\n押さえておきたい要点：「新耐震基準」は一般に1981年6月1日以降の許可と関連づけられる。それは基準の目安であり、建物固有の保証ではない。構造・改修履歴・基礎・地盤・維持は依然重要。1981年以前の建物を一律に避けない。個別に検査する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/earthquake-standards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-new-seismic","faq:loan-avoid-pre-1981"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance","guide:hazard-maps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"主要な基準の移行は一般に1981年6月1日以降の許可（「新耐震基準」）と関連づけられますが、それは基準の目安であって建物固有の保証ではありません。構造・改修・基礎・地盤・不整形・維持・書類がすべて依然重要です。\n1981年の移行・書類・耐震改修・地盤と構造。\n「新耐震基準」は一般に1981年6月1日以降の許可と関連づけられる。\nそれは基準の目安であり、建物固有の保証ではない。\n構造・改修履歴・基礎・地盤・維持は依然重要。\n1981年以前の建物を一律に避けない。個別に検査する。\n1981年の移行\n耐震適合は、建物が「新耐震」かを尋ねる以上のことを要します。主要な基準の移行は一般に1981年6月1日以降の許可と関連づけられ、その日以降に許可された建物は概ね新しい基準を反映します。しかしこれは基準の目安であり、特定の建物の保証ではありません。実際の耐震性能は、構造・改修履歴・基礎・地盤・構造の不整形・維持・入手できる書類によります。維持の悪い1981年以降の建物は、よく改修された古い建物より劣ることがあります。\n個別を検査する\n1981年以前の建物を一律に避けず、改修・構造・地盤・維持・書類を検査しましょう。マンションでは、構造報告・改修履歴・長期修繕計画・議事録・積立残高・予定される耐震工事を確認します。一戸建てでは、基礎と地盤を考え検査を依頼します。日付は出発点のふるいであって結論ではありません。目標は、この特定の建物が実際どう挙動するか、必要な改修が計画・資金手当てされているかを理解することです。\n押さえておきたい要点：「新耐震基準」は一般に1981年6月1日以降の許可と関連づけられる。それは基準の目安であり、建物固有の保証ではない。構造・改修履歴・基礎・地盤・維持は依然重要。1981年以前の建物を一律に避けない。個別に検査する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/earthquake-standards","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:hazard-maps:ja","entityId":"guide:hazard-maps","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のハザードマップの使い方","plainText":"公式のハザードマップは、モデル化された浸水・内水氾濫・土砂・津波・高潮・液状化・活断層のリスクを示します。使うべきですが、シナリオを描くものであり色のない場所が無リスクだと証明しません。地元の地図と現地観察を組み合わせましょう。\n浸水・内水氾濫・津波・液状化・土砂と、その限界。\n浸水・内水氾濫・土砂・津波・高潮・液状化のリスクを確認する。\nハザードマップはモデル化されたシナリオで、保証ではない。\n色のない区域の外でも安全とは証明されない。\n公式地図に地元の地図と現地観察を組み合わせる。\nハザードマップが示すもの\n災害の確認には、公式の浸水・内水氾濫・土砂・津波・高潮・液状化・活断層・避難の情報を含めるべきです。日本のハザードマップポータルと国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは、特定の住所についてこのデータを利用可能にし、決める前にモデル化されたリスクを見られます。最も明白なものだけでなく、その場所に関係するすべての災害を確認しましょう。川から離れた物件でも、地形により内水氾濫・液状化・土砂のリスクに直面し得ます。\nその限界\nハザードマップはモデル化されたシナリオを描き、色のない場所が無リスクだと証明しません。モデルは仮定に基づき、実際の災害はそれを超え得ます。色のない区域の外にあることは安心材料ですが保証ではないため、公式地図に地元の地図と現地観察を補いましょう。敷地を歩き、傾斜と排水を確認し、大雨で水がどう流れるかを見て、過去の浸水を近隣に尋ねます。地図は、より広い判断への強力な入力の一つとして使い、安全の最終結論とはしないこと。\n押さえておきたい要点：浸水・内水氾濫・土砂・津波・高潮・液状化のリスクを確認する。ハザードマップはモデル化されたシナリオで、保証ではない。色のない区域の外でも安全とは証明されない。公式地図に地元の地図と現地観察を組み合わせる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/hazard-maps","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-hazard-map","faq:loan-outside-hazard-zone"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:choosing-property-area","guide:earthquake-standards","guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国土交通省","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"公式のハザードマップは、モデル化された浸水・内水氾濫・土砂・津波・高潮・液状化・活断層のリスクを示します。使うべきですが、シナリオを描くものであり色のない場所が無リスクだと証明しません。地元の地図と現地観察を組み合わせましょう。\n浸水・内水氾濫・津波・液状化・土砂と、その限界。\n浸水・内水氾濫・土砂・津波・高潮・液状化のリスクを確認する。\nハザードマップはモデル化されたシナリオで、保証ではない。\n色のない区域の外でも安全とは証明されない。\n公式地図に地元の地図と現地観察を組み合わせる。\nハザードマップが示すもの\n災害の確認には、公式の浸水・内水氾濫・土砂・津波・高潮・液状化・活断層・避難の情報を含めるべきです。日本のハザードマップポータルと国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは、特定の住所についてこのデータを利用可能にし、決める前にモデル化されたリスクを見られます。最も明白なものだけでなく、その場所に関係するすべての災害を確認しましょう。川から離れた物件でも、地形により内水氾濫・液状化・土砂のリスクに直面し得ます。\nその限界\nハザードマップはモデル化されたシナリオを描き、色のない場所が無リスクだと証明しません。モデルは仮定に基づき、実際の災害はそれを超え得ます。色のない区域の外にあることは安心材料ですが保証ではないため、公式地図に地元の地図と現地観察を補いましょう。敷地を歩き、傾斜と排水を確認し、大雨で水がどう流れるかを見て、過去の浸水を近隣に尋ねます。地図は、より広い判断への強力な入力の一つとして使い、安全の最終結論とはしないこと。\n押さえておきたい要点：浸水・内水氾濫・土砂・津波・高潮・液状化のリスクを確認する。ハザードマップはモデル化されたシナリオで、保証ではない。色のない区域の外でも安全とは証明されない。公式地図に地元の地図と現地観察を組み合わせる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/hazard-maps","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-land-rights:ja","entityId":"guide:property-land-rights","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"所有権と日本の土地の権利","plainText":"所有権は法と税に服する永続的な所有ですが、所有権でも境界・接道・地役権・権利の確認が必要です。高い取得価格は所有を買うものであり、これらの確認からの自由ではありません。\n所有・境界・道路・地役権・接道・権利。\n所有権は法と税に服する永続的な所有。\n所有権でも境界・接道・地役権・アクセスを確認する。\n接道とセットバックは再建築可否と価値に影響する。\n購入前に権利と登記された権利関係を確認する。\n所有権が与えるもの\n所有権は、固定された借地の期限がなく、法と税に服する土地の所有で、多くの買い手が望む一般的で融資可能な形です。借地権より取得価格は高いものの、融資も売却もはるかに容易です。所有権が既定なのは、貸し手も将来の買い手も分かりやすく、借地の地代・承諾・更新の複雑さがないからです。\n所有権でも確認は必要\n高い価格は所有を買うのであり、確認からの自由を買うのではありません。所有権でも、境界（境界紛争や未確定の測量は売却を妨げ得る）、接道とセットバック（再建築可否と価値に影響）、土地の上下の地役権や通行権、登記された権利を確認します。これらはまさに重要事項説明が扱うべき問題で、表面的に単純な購入が実際の問題を隠し得る場所です。買った後でなく買う前に確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：所有権は法と税に服する永続的な所有。所有権でも境界・接道・地役権・アクセスを確認する。接道とセットバックは再建築可否と価値に影響する。購入前に権利と登記された権利関係を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-land-rights","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-freehold"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:freehold-vs-leasehold","guide:leasehold-property","guide:non-rebuildable-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"所有権は法と税に服する永続的な所有ですが、所有権でも境界・接道・地役権・権利の確認が必要です。高い取得価格は所有を買うものであり、これらの確認からの自由ではありません。\n所有・境界・道路・地役権・接道・権利。\n所有権は法と税に服する永続的な所有。\n所有権でも境界・接道・地役権・アクセスを確認する。\n接道とセットバックは再建築可否と価値に影響する。\n購入前に権利と登記された権利関係を確認する。\n所有権が与えるもの\n所有権は、固定された借地の期限がなく、法と税に服する土地の所有で、多くの買い手が望む一般的で融資可能な形です。借地権より取得価格は高いものの、融資も売却もはるかに容易です。所有権が既定なのは、貸し手も将来の買い手も分かりやすく、借地の地代・承諾・更新の複雑さがないからです。\n所有権でも確認は必要\n高い価格は所有を買うのであり、確認からの自由を買うのではありません。所有権でも、境界（境界紛争や未確定の測量は売却を妨げ得る）、接道とセットバック（再建築可否と価値に影響）、土地の上下の地役権や通行権、登記された権利を確認します。これらはまさに重要事項説明が扱うべき問題で、表面的に単純な購入が実際の問題を隠し得る場所です。買った後でなく買う前に確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：所有権は法と税に服する永続的な所有。所有権でも境界・接道・地役権・アクセスを確認する。接道とセットバックは再建築可否と価値に影響する。購入前に権利と登記された権利関係を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-land-rights","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:leasehold-property:ja","entityId":"guide:leasehold-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の借地権付き物件","plainText":"借地権は他人が所有する土地を使う権利です。取得価格を下げる一方、地代・更新/建替/譲渡の承諾・融資と売却の制約を加えます。旧法借地と定期借地は大きく異なるため、専門家の確認を受けましょう。\n旧法・定期の権利、地代、承諾、融資、売却。\n借地権は他人が所有する土地を使う権利。\n地代を払い、更新・建替・譲渡に通常は承諾が必要。\n旧法借地は強い保護を持ち得るが評価が複雑。\n定期借地は定めた期間で終わり、短くなるほど価値を失う。\n旧法借地と定期借地\n借地権は立地によっては取得価格を下げますが、他人が所有する土地を使う権利なので、地代を払い、更新・建替・譲渡に通常は地主の承諾が必要です。種類は大きく異なります。旧法借地は強い借地人保護を持ち得ますが評価と地主承諾の問題が複雑で、定期借地権は定めた期間で終わり、終期が近づくにつれ残存期間の短縮が価値と融資を損ないます。\n融資・売却・専門家の確認\n借地権の実務的なリスクは融資と売却にあります。貸し手は借地権、特に残存期間の短い定期借地の融資に慎重なことがあり、将来の買い手もあなたが検討すべき同じ問題（地代・承諾条件・残存期間・融資可否）を検討します。これらの細部の条件の専門家確認なしに借地権を買わないこと。掲載価格の利点は本物ですが制約も本物で、それは表面の数字でなく借地契約の中にあります。\n押さえておきたい要点：借地権は他人が所有する土地を使う権利。地代を払い、更新・建替・譲渡に通常は承諾が必要。旧法借地は強い保護を持ち得るが評価が複雑。定期借地は定めた期間で終わり、短くなるほど価値を失う。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/leasehold-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-leasehold","faq:loan-leasehold-bad","faq:loan-fixed-term-leasehold"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:freehold-vs-leasehold","guide:property-land-rights","guide:non-rebuildable-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"借地権は他人が所有する土地を使う権利です。取得価格を下げる一方、地代・更新/建替/譲渡の承諾・融資と売却の制約を加えます。旧法借地と定期借地は大きく異なるため、専門家の確認を受けましょう。\n旧法・定期の権利、地代、承諾、融資、売却。\n借地権は他人が所有する土地を使う権利。\n地代を払い、更新・建替・譲渡に通常は承諾が必要。\n旧法借地は強い保護を持ち得るが評価が複雑。\n定期借地は定めた期間で終わり、短くなるほど価値を失う。\n旧法借地と定期借地\n借地権は立地によっては取得価格を下げますが、他人が所有する土地を使う権利なので、地代を払い、更新・建替・譲渡に通常は地主の承諾が必要です。種類は大きく異なります。旧法借地は強い借地人保護を持ち得ますが評価と地主承諾の問題が複雑で、定期借地権は定めた期間で終わり、終期が近づくにつれ残存期間の短縮が価値と融資を損ないます。\n融資・売却・専門家の確認\n借地権の実務的なリスクは融資と売却にあります。貸し手は借地権、特に残存期間の短い定期借地の融資に慎重なことがあり、将来の買い手もあなたが検討すべき同じ問題（地代・承諾条件・残存期間・融資可否）を検討します。これらの細部の条件の専門家確認なしに借地権を買わないこと。掲載価格の利点は本物ですが制約も本物で、それは表面の数字でなく借地契約の中にあります。\n押さえておきたい要点：借地権は他人が所有する土地を使う権利。地代を払い、更新・建替・譲渡に通常は承諾が必要。旧法借地は強い保護を持ち得るが評価が複雑。定期借地は定めた期間で終わり、短くなるほど価値を失う。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/leasehold-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:non-rebuildable-property:ja","entityId":"guide:non-rebuildable-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"再建築不可物件","plainText":"再建築不可物件は、現在の接道や都市計画のルールの下で建て替えの許可を通常受けられません。安いものの、主流の融資は難しく、LTVは低く、改装・保険・売却がいずれも制約されます。\n接道・融資・保険・改装・売却・解体。\n現行の接道・都市計画のルールでは通常建て替えられない。\n主流の融資は難しく、LTVは低いことが多い。\n改装・保険・売却がいずれも制約される。\n低価格は重大で持続する制約を映す。専門家の確認を。\n再建築不可とは\n再建築不可物件は、現行の接道や都市計画のルールの下で建て替えの許可を通常受けられない物件で、多くは十分な接道がない（敷地が法定道路への必要な間口幅を満たさない）ためです。既存の建物は通常使用・修繕できますが、解体・滅失すると新築は概ねできません。この一つの事実が、物件のリスクと価値のすべてを左右します。\n重大な融資・保険・売却の制約\n再建築不可物件の低価格は、重大で持続する制約を映します。貸し手の担保が再建できないため、主流の住宅ローン融資は難しくLTVも低いことが多いです。保険と改装が制約され、将来の買い手が同じ問題に直面するため売却も困難です。専門家の確認なしに再建築不可物件を買わないこと。接道や敷地の状況を改善する方法がまれにありますが、複雑で不確実で、既定の前提は制約が恒久的であることとすべきです。\n押さえておきたい要点：現行の接道・都市計画のルールでは通常建て替えられない。主流の融資は難しく、LTVは低いことが多い。改装・保険・売却がいずれも制約される。低価格は重大で持続する制約を映す。専門家の確認を。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/non-rebuildable-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-non-rebuildable","faq:loan-mortgage-non-rebuildable"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:leasehold-property","guide:property-land-rights","guide:akiya-vacant-homes"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"再建築不可物件は、現在の接道や都市計画のルールの下で建て替えの許可を通常受けられません。安いものの、主流の融資は難しく、LTVは低く、改装・保険・売却がいずれも制約されます。\n接道・融資・保険・改装・売却・解体。\n現行の接道・都市計画のルールでは通常建て替えられない。\n主流の融資は難しく、LTVは低いことが多い。\n改装・保険・売却がいずれも制約される。\n低価格は重大で持続する制約を映す。専門家の確認を。\n再建築不可とは\n再建築不可物件は、現行の接道や都市計画のルールの下で建て替えの許可を通常受けられない物件で、多くは十分な接道がない（敷地が法定道路への必要な間口幅を満たさない）ためです。既存の建物は通常使用・修繕できますが、解体・滅失すると新築は概ねできません。この一つの事実が、物件のリスクと価値のすべてを左右します。\n重大な融資・保険・売却の制約\n再建築不可物件の低価格は、重大で持続する制約を映します。貸し手の担保が再建できないため、主流の住宅ローン融資は難しくLTVも低いことが多いです。保険と改装が制約され、将来の買い手が同じ問題に直面するため売却も困難です。専門家の確認なしに再建築不可物件を買わないこと。接道や敷地の状況を改善する方法がまれにありますが、複雑で不確実で、既定の前提は制約が恒久的であることとすべきです。\n押さえておきたい要点：現行の接道・都市計画のルールでは通常建て替えられない。主流の融資は難しく、LTVは低いことが多い。改装・保険・売却がいずれも制約される。低価格は重大で持続する制約を映す。専門家の確認を。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/non-rebuildable-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:akiya-vacant-homes:ja","entityId":"guide:akiya-vacant-homes","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"空き家（アキヤ）","plainText":"2023年の調査で日本の空き家は約900万戸（空き家率13.8%）でしたが、900万件の掘り出し物ではありません。多くは需要の弱い立地で権利・接道・構造に問題があり、改装費が価格を超え得ます。\n権利・インフラ・接道・瑕疵・改装・地域需要。\n2023年住宅・土地統計調査で空き家は約900万戸（空き家率13.8%）。\n多くは需要の弱い立地で権利・接道・構造に問題がある。\n古い空き家の改装費は購入価格を超え得る。\n購入前に権利・接道・構造・インフラ・需要を十分に調べる。\n900万戸だが900万件の掘り出し物ではない\n2023年の住宅・土地統計調査で、日本の空き家は約900万戸、空き家率は13.8%でした。この見出しは掘り出し物を探す人を惹きますが、900万件の実行可能な投資機会を意味しません。多くの空き家は需要の弱い立地にあり、権利・接道・構造の問題を抱え、または採算の合わない改装を要します。安い、または無料の空き家も、住めて売れる状態にする費用を数えると高くつき得ます。\n空き家を買う前の確認\n空き家を買う前に、権利（相続人や不明確な所有はよくある）、接道（間口と再建築可否）、構造、インフラ（水道・排水・浄化槽は高額になり得る）、改装の範囲、地域需要を十分に確認します。隠れた構造・屋根・配管・浄化槽・処分の工事が価格を超え得、縮小する地域では売却が遅い、または不可能なこともあります。空き家は、適切な立地の適切な買い手には本物の機会になり得ますが、それはこの確認の後であり、低価格だけを頼りにするものではありません。\n押さえておきたい要点：2023年住宅・土地統計調査で空き家は約900万戸（空き家率13.8%）。多くは需要の弱い立地で権利・接道・構造に問題がある。古い空き家の改装費は購入価格を超え得る。購入前に権利・接道・構造・インフラ・需要を十分に調べる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/akiya-vacant-homes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-vacant-house","faq:loan-vacant-cheap-renovate","faq:loan-resale-difficult"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:non-rebuildable-property","guide:renovation-costs-financing","guide:property-resale-value"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"2023年の調査で日本の空き家は約900万戸（空き家率13.8%）でしたが、900万件の掘り出し物ではありません。多くは需要の弱い立地で権利・接道・構造に問題があり、改装費が価格を超え得ます。\n権利・インフラ・接道・瑕疵・改装・地域需要。\n2023年住宅・土地統計調査で空き家は約900万戸（空き家率13.8%）。\n多くは需要の弱い立地で権利・接道・構造に問題がある。\n古い空き家の改装費は購入価格を超え得る。\n購入前に権利・接道・構造・インフラ・需要を十分に調べる。\n900万戸だが900万件の掘り出し物ではない\n2023年の住宅・土地統計調査で、日本の空き家は約900万戸、空き家率は13.8%でした。この見出しは掘り出し物を探す人を惹きますが、900万件の実行可能な投資機会を意味しません。多くの空き家は需要の弱い立地にあり、権利・接道・構造の問題を抱え、または採算の合わない改装を要します。安い、または無料の空き家も、住めて売れる状態にする費用を数えると高くつき得ます。\n空き家を買う前の確認\n空き家を買う前に、権利（相続人や不明確な所有はよくある）、接道（間口と再建築可否）、構造、インフラ（水道・排水・浄化槽は高額になり得る）、改装の範囲、地域需要を十分に確認します。隠れた構造・屋根・配管・浄化槽・処分の工事が価格を超え得、縮小する地域では売却が遅い、または不可能なこともあります。空き家は、適切な立地の適切な買い手には本物の機会になり得ますが、それはこの確認の後であり、低価格だけを頼りにするものではありません。\n押さえておきたい要点：2023年住宅・土地統計調査で空き家は約900万戸（空き家率13.8%）。多くは需要の弱い立地で権利・接道・構造に問題がある。古い空き家の改装費は購入価格を超え得る。購入前に権利・接道・構造・インフラ・需要を十分に調べる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/akiya-vacant-homes","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:stigmatized-property:ja","entityId":"guide:stigmatized-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"心理的瑕疵物件","plainText":"心理的瑕疵物件は、重大な心理的な出来事や事情に関連する物件です。割引で売られ得ますが、告知の紛争・入居や売却の抵抗・評判リスクがあるため、事実と告知ルールを丁寧に確認すべきです。\n告知・評価・賃貸・売却・確認。\n重大な心理的な出来事や事情に関連する。\n割引で売られ得るが、告知と売却のリスクを伴う。\n告知は事実・時期・取引・法的指針による。\n購入前に事実と告知義務を確認する。\n心理的瑕疵物件とは\n心理的瑕疵物件は、取引に影響する重大な心理的な出来事や事情に関連する物件で、物理的な状態にかかわらず入居者や買い手が躊躇し得る種類の履歴を持ちます。こうした物件は価格の割引を伴い得、一部の買い手や投資家を惹きますが、割引はまさにその心理的要因が需要・賃貸のしやすさ・売却に影響するから存在します。\n告知と確認\n告知義務は、事実・時期・取引の種類・法的指針によって決まり、すべての過去の出来事を永久に告知しなければならないわけではありません。ルールは微妙です。その微妙さこそが、仲介の要約に頼らず、理想的には専門家の助言を得て、事実と適用される告知義務を丁寧に確認すべき理由です。割引を、告知の紛争・入居や売却の抵抗・評判リスクと天秤にかけ、あなたにとって価格を下げるものは将来の買い手にとっても価格を下げることを覚えておきましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：重大な心理的な出来事や事情に関連する。割引で売られ得るが、告知と売却のリスクを伴う。告知は事実・時期・取引・法的指針による。購入前に事実と告知義務を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/stigmatized-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-stigmatized","faq:loan-disclose-forever"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-defects-warranties","guide:property-resale-value"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"心理的瑕疵物件は、重大な心理的な出来事や事情に関連する物件です。割引で売られ得ますが、告知の紛争・入居や売却の抵抗・評判リスクがあるため、事実と告知ルールを丁寧に確認すべきです。\n告知・評価・賃貸・売却・確認。\n重大な心理的な出来事や事情に関連する。\n割引で売られ得るが、告知と売却のリスクを伴う。\n告知は事実・時期・取引・法的指針による。\n購入前に事実と告知義務を確認する。\n心理的瑕疵物件とは\n心理的瑕疵物件は、取引に影響する重大な心理的な出来事や事情に関連する物件で、物理的な状態にかかわらず入居者や買い手が躊躇し得る種類の履歴を持ちます。こうした物件は価格の割引を伴い得、一部の買い手や投資家を惹きますが、割引はまさにその心理的要因が需要・賃貸のしやすさ・売却に影響するから存在します。\n告知と確認\n告知義務は、事実・時期・取引の種類・法的指針によって決まり、すべての過去の出来事を永久に告知しなければならないわけではありません。ルールは微妙です。その微妙さこそが、仲介の要約に頼らず、理想的には専門家の助言を得て、事実と適用される告知義務を丁寧に確認すべき理由です。割引を、告知の紛争・入居や売却の抵抗・評判リスクと天秤にかけ、あなたにとって価格を下げるものは将来の買い手にとっても価格を下げることを覚えておきましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：重大な心理的な出来事や事情に関連する。割引で売られ得るが、告知と売却のリスクを伴う。告知は事実・時期・取引・法的指針による。購入前に事実と告知義務を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/stigmatized-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-defects-warranties:ja","entityId":"guide:property-defects-warranties","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"物件の瑕疵と契約不適合責任","plainText":"新築と中古では、契約と法の下で瑕疵の保護が異なります。扱い・通知期間・救済は契約と適用ルールで決まるため、条項を読み、検査し、瑕疵を通知すべき期限を控えましょう。\n新築・中古の保護、契約条項、検査、通知期間。\n新築と中古で瑕疵の保護は異なる。\n扱いと救済は契約と適用ルールで決まる。\n適格な瑕疵を報告すべき通知期間がある。\n購入前に検査する。瑕疵保険は所定の適格な瑕疵を補償する。\n新築と中古の扱い\n瑕疵の保護は新築と中古で異なります。新築は概ね所定の構造部分について、より強い法定・契約上の保護を持ち、中古の保護はより限定的で契約条項に大きく依存します。いずれの場合も、瑕疵の扱い（契約不適合責任、売主の不適合に対する責任）は契約と適用ルールで決まるため、何が、どれだけの期間、どの救済（修補・代金減額・解除）で対象かを正確に読みましょう。\n検査と期限に注意\n購入前に検査しましょう。検査は知らずに瑕疵を買うリスクを減らしますが、隠れた瑕疵がないことは保証しません。瑕疵保険は定められた条件の下で所定の適格な瑕疵を補償し、保護を加え得ます。重要なのは、適格な瑕疵を売主に報告すべき通知期間があることです。逃すと救済を失い得ます。決済後にこれらの期限を記録に控え、問題が現れたら速やかに対応しましょう。保護には期限があります。\n押さえておきたい要点：新築と中古で瑕疵の保護は異なる。扱いと救済は契約と適用ルールで決まる。適格な瑕疵を報告すべき通知期間がある。購入前に検査する。瑕疵保険は所定の適格な瑕疵を補償する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-defects-warranties","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-defect-insurance","faq:loan-inspection-guarantee"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-inspections","guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:new-vs-used-property","guide:after-buying-home"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"新築と中古では、契約と法の下で瑕疵の保護が異なります。扱い・通知期間・救済は契約と適用ルールで決まるため、条項を読み、検査し、瑕疵を通知すべき期限を控えましょう。\n新築・中古の保護、契約条項、検査、通知期間。\n新築と中古で瑕疵の保護は異なる。\n扱いと救済は契約と適用ルールで決まる。\n適格な瑕疵を報告すべき通知期間がある。\n購入前に検査する。瑕疵保険は所定の適格な瑕疵を補償する。\n新築と中古の扱い\n瑕疵の保護は新築と中古で異なります。新築は概ね所定の構造部分について、より強い法定・契約上の保護を持ち、中古の保護はより限定的で契約条項に大きく依存します。いずれの場合も、瑕疵の扱い（契約不適合責任、売主の不適合に対する責任）は契約と適用ルールで決まるため、何が、どれだけの期間、どの救済（修補・代金減額・解除）で対象かを正確に読みましょう。\n検査と期限に注意\n購入前に検査しましょう。検査は知らずに瑕疵を買うリスクを減らしますが、隠れた瑕疵がないことは保証しません。瑕疵保険は定められた条件の下で所定の適格な瑕疵を補償し、保護を加え得ます。重要なのは、適格な瑕疵を売主に報告すべき通知期間があることです。逃すと救済を失い得ます。決済後にこれらの期限を記録に控え、問題が現れたら速やかに対応しましょう。保護には期限があります。\n押さえておきたい要点：新築と中古で瑕疵の保護は異なる。扱いと救済は契約と適用ルールで決まる。適格な瑕疵を報告すべき通知期間がある。購入前に検査する。瑕疵保険は所定の適格な瑕疵を補償する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-defects-warranties","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-resale-value:ja","entityId":"guide:property-resale-value","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の不動産の売却価値","plainText":"売却価値は、土地の持分・築年・駅距離・流動性・間取り・管理の質・地域の人口動態によります。多くの建物は市場慣行で減価するため、購入価格でなく取引事例と将来の買い手の融資可否から売却額を見積もります。\n土地の持分・築年・駅・流動性・間取り・管理・人口動態。\n土地の持分・駅距離・流動性が売却に強く影響する。\n建物は市場慣行で大きく減価し得る。土地と立地で結果が変わる。\nマンションの売却には管理の質と人口動態が効く。\n取引事例と将来の融資可否から売却額を見積もる。\n売却価値を左右するもの\n売却価値は、土地の持分・築年・駅距離・流動性・間取り・管理の質・地域の人口動態で決まります。日本の市場慣行では建物は時間とともに大きく減価し得ますが、土地・立地・建物の質が結果を多様にします。強い土地部分を持つ優良地の物件は、縮小地域の老朽建物とは大きく異なる挙動をします。駅距離は多くの市場で利便・入居需要・売却の厚みに強く影響するため、交通の近さがしばしば決定的です。\n購入価格でなく事例から見積もる\n払った額で売れると仮定しないこと。売却価値は、取引事例（国交省の不動産情報ライブラリとREINSの市場情報）・土地の持分・建物の状態と権利、そして重要なこととして将来の買い手が融資を受けられるかから見積もります。貸し手が融資しない物件や人口動態が衰退する地域の物件は、売却に時間がかかり安く売れ得ます。マンションでは、強い組合財務と管理が売却価値を加え、弱く積立不足の建物はそれを減じます。\n押さえておきたい要点：土地の持分・駅距離・流動性が売却に強く影響する。建物は市場慣行で大きく減価し得る。土地と立地で結果が変わる。マンションの売却には管理の質と人口動態が効く。取引事例と将来の融資可否から売却額を見積もる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-resale-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-estimate-resale","faq:loan-homes-depreciate","faq:loan-station-distance","faq:loan-resale-difficult"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:tokyo-vs-regional-property","guide:selling-property-costs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_fr4_000043.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"売却価値は、土地の持分・築年・駅距離・流動性・間取り・管理の質・地域の人口動態によります。多くの建物は市場慣行で減価するため、購入価格でなく取引事例と将来の買い手の融資可否から売却額を見積もります。\n土地の持分・築年・駅・流動性・間取り・管理・人口動態。\n土地の持分・駅距離・流動性が売却に強く影響する。\n建物は市場慣行で大きく減価し得る。土地と立地で結果が変わる。\nマンションの売却には管理の質と人口動態が効く。\n取引事例と将来の融資可否から売却額を見積もる。\n売却価値を左右するもの\n売却価値は、土地の持分・築年・駅距離・流動性・間取り・管理の質・地域の人口動態で決まります。日本の市場慣行では建物は時間とともに大きく減価し得ますが、土地・立地・建物の質が結果を多様にします。強い土地部分を持つ優良地の物件は、縮小地域の老朽建物とは大きく異なる挙動をします。駅距離は多くの市場で利便・入居需要・売却の厚みに強く影響するため、交通の近さがしばしば決定的です。\n購入価格でなく事例から見積もる\n払った額で売れると仮定しないこと。売却価値は、取引事例（国交省の不動産情報ライブラリとREINSの市場情報）・土地の持分・建物の状態と権利、そして重要なこととして将来の買い手が融資を受けられるかから見積もります。貸し手が融資しない物件や人口動態が衰退する地域の物件は、売却に時間がかかり安く売れ得ます。マンションでは、強い組合財務と管理が売却価値を加え、弱く積立不足の建物はそれを減じます。\n押さえておきたい要点：土地の持分・駅距離・流動性が売却に強く影響する。建物は市場慣行で大きく減価し得る。土地と立地で結果が変わる。マンションの売却には管理の質と人口動態が効く。取引事例と将来の融資可否から売却額を見積もる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-resale-value","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home:ja","entityId":"guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン中の家を貸せるか","plainText":"融資の同意と、ローン・税・保険・建築規約の順守があって初めて可能です。無許可で居住用ローンを賃貸に転換するとローン違反になり得、家賃収入は課税されます。\n融資の同意・一時的な転居・投資への転換・保険・税。\n住宅ローン中の家を貸すには融資の同意が必要。\n無許可の賃貸転換はローン・保険・建築規約に反し得る。\n一時的な転居（転勤など）は恒久的な転居と扱いが異なり得る。\n家賃収入は課税され、火災保険の変更が必要になり得る。\n融資の同意が必要\n住宅ローン中の家は、融資の同意と、ローン・税・保険・建築規約の順守があって初めて貸せます。居住用ローンはあなたがそこに住む前提で価格・審査されているため、無許可で転居し長期賃貸すると、ローン契約・火災保険の条件、場合により管理規約や用途地域に反し得ます。一時的な転居（例：期限付きの転勤）は恒久的な転居と扱いが異なり得、これに手続きを持つ貸し手もありますが、仮定せず尋ねる必要があります。\n保険・税・転換\n賃貸はローン以上のものを変えます。居住用の火災保険は賃貸を補償しないことがあり、契約の変更が必要になり得ます。家賃収入は課税され、原則申告が必要で、認められる経費・減価償却・利息は不動産所得のルールで扱われます（元金は経費になりません）。恒久的に投資物件へ転換する計画なら、居住用ローンでなく不動産投資ローンで適切に資金調達すべきです。黙って貸すのでなく、融資・保険・税務当局・管理会社に届け出ましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：住宅ローン中の家を貸すには融資の同意が必要。無許可の賃貸転換はローン・保険・建築規約に反し得る。一時的な転居（転勤など）は恒久的な転居と扱いが異なり得る。家賃収入は課税され、火災保険の変更が必要になり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/renting-out-mortgaged-home","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-rent-out-mortgaged","faq:loan-move-overseas","faq:loan-leave-vacant"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:investment-property-loans","guide:minpaku-homeowners","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:rental-property-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"融資の同意と、ローン・税・保険・建築規約の順守があって初めて可能です。無許可で居住用ローンを賃貸に転換するとローン違反になり得、家賃収入は課税されます。\n融資の同意・一時的な転居・投資への転換・保険・税。\n住宅ローン中の家を貸すには融資の同意が必要。\n無許可の賃貸転換はローン・保険・建築規約に反し得る。\n一時的な転居（転勤など）は恒久的な転居と扱いが異なり得る。\n家賃収入は課税され、火災保険の変更が必要になり得る。\n融資の同意が必要\n住宅ローン中の家は、融資の同意と、ローン・税・保険・建築規約の順守があって初めて貸せます。居住用ローンはあなたがそこに住む前提で価格・審査されているため、無許可で転居し長期賃貸すると、ローン契約・火災保険の条件、場合により管理規約や用途地域に反し得ます。一時的な転居（例：期限付きの転勤）は恒久的な転居と扱いが異なり得、これに手続きを持つ貸し手もありますが、仮定せず尋ねる必要があります。\n保険・税・転換\n賃貸はローン以上のものを変えます。居住用の火災保険は賃貸を補償しないことがあり、契約の変更が必要になり得ます。家賃収入は課税され、原則申告が必要で、認められる経費・減価償却・利息は不動産所得のルールで扱われます（元金は経費になりません）。恒久的に投資物件へ転換する計画なら、居住用ローンでなく不動産投資ローンで適切に資金調達すべきです。黙って貸すのでなく、融資・保険・税務当局・管理会社に届け出ましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：住宅ローン中の家を貸すには融資の同意が必要。無許可の賃貸転換はローン・保険・建築規約に反し得る。一時的な転居（転勤など）は恒久的な転居と扱いが異なり得る。家賃収入は課税され、火災保険の変更が必要になり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/renting-out-mortgaged-home","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:minpaku-homeowners:ja","entityId":"guide:minpaku-homeowners","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"自宅所有者の民泊・Airbnbのルール","plainText":"民泊は国の枠組みで原則年180日まで、自治体はさらに制限でき、管理規約は全面禁止し得ます。加えて、住宅ローン・保険・用途地域のすべてが認める必要があります。\n住宅ローンの制限・管理規約・用途地域・保険・登録。\n国の民泊制度は適格な宿泊を原則年180日までに制限する。\n自治体はさらに制限を課せる。\n法が許しても管理規約が民泊を禁じ得る。\n住宅ローン・保険・用途地域のすべてが認める必要がある。\n許可の層\n自宅で民泊を運営するには、複数の許可の層が揃う必要があります。国の民泊制度の下で、適格な住宅宿泊は原則年180日までに制限され、自治体は条例でさらに制限できます。加えて、国と地方の法が許しても管理規約が民泊を全面禁止し得、住宅ローンの条件・火災保険・物件の用途地域のすべてが用途を認める必要があります。どれか一つの層が「不可」と言えば、適法には運営できません。\n掲載前に順守する\n国の180日の上限は自治体や管理組合の制限を上書きしません。常に180日運営できると仮定しないこと。物件を掲載する前に、国の登録要件・自治体の条例・管理規約・貸し手と保険会社の許可・用途地域を確認します。これらに反して民泊を運営すると、罰則・ローン違反・保険の問題・建物との紛争を招き得ます。順守を後回しでなく最初の一歩とし、登録と許可を保管しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：国の民泊制度は適格な宿泊を原則年180日までに制限する。自治体はさらに制限を課せる。法が許しても管理規約が民泊を禁じ得る。住宅ローン・保険・用途地域のすべてが認める必要がある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/minpaku-homeowners","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-airbnb-condo","faq:loan-180-days"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home","guide:condominium-rules","guide:property-investment-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"民泊は国の枠組みで原則年180日まで、自治体はさらに制限でき、管理規約は全面禁止し得ます。加えて、住宅ローン・保険・用途地域のすべてが認める必要があります。\n住宅ローンの制限・管理規約・用途地域・保険・登録。\n国の民泊制度は適格な宿泊を原則年180日までに制限する。\n自治体はさらに制限を課せる。\n法が許しても管理規約が民泊を禁じ得る。\n住宅ローン・保険・用途地域のすべてが認める必要がある。\n許可の層\n自宅で民泊を運営するには、複数の許可の層が揃う必要があります。国の民泊制度の下で、適格な住宅宿泊は原則年180日までに制限され、自治体は条例でさらに制限できます。加えて、国と地方の法が許しても管理規約が民泊を全面禁止し得、住宅ローンの条件・火災保険・物件の用途地域のすべてが用途を認める必要があります。どれか一つの層が「不可」と言えば、適法には運営できません。\n掲載前に順守する\n国の180日の上限は自治体や管理組合の制限を上書きしません。常に180日運営できると仮定しないこと。物件を掲載する前に、国の登録要件・自治体の条例・管理規約・貸し手と保険会社の許可・用途地域を確認します。これらに反して民泊を運営すると、罰則・ローン違反・保険の問題・建物との紛争を招き得ます。順守を後回しでなく最初の一歩とし、登録と許可を保管しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：国の民泊制度は適格な宿泊を原則年180日までに制限する。自治体はさらに制限を課せる。法が許しても管理規約が民泊を禁じ得る。住宅ローン・保険・用途地域のすべてが認める必要がある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/minpaku-homeowners","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:condominium-rules:ja","entityId":"guide:condominium-rules","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マンションの管理規約","plainText":"管理規約は、ペット・内装リフォーム・賃貸・事業や民泊の利用・駐車場・議決を定めます。窓などの共用部分を自由に変えることはできず、規約は住戸の使い方や収益化を制限し得ます。\nペット・リフォーム・賃貸・事業利用・民泊・駐車場・議決。\n規約はペット・リフォーム・賃貸・事業利用・民泊・駐車場・議決を定める。\n窓などの共用部分は自由に変更できないことが多い。\n規約は賃貸・事業利用・民泊を制限し得る。\n購入後でなく購入前に規約を確認する。\n規約が定めるもの\n管理規約は、日々の暮らしと所有者としての権利を形づくります。ペット・リフォーム・賃貸・事業利用・民泊・駐車場・議決などを定めます。重要なのは、マンションの内装を自由にリフォームできないことです。構造や共用部分の規則が適用され、窓などは変更が制限される共用部分であることが多く、自分で交換できないことがあります。ペットは建物の規則が認め、所定の範囲内である場合のみ飼えます。\n購入前に規約を確認する\n規約は住戸の使い方や収益化を制限し得ます。賃貸・自宅での事業・民泊はいずれも制限・禁止され得、これらの制限は国や地方の法が許すかにかかわらずあなたを拘束します。購入前に規約と最近の議事録を確認し、ペット方針・リフォームの制約・賃貸と事業の規則・民泊の立場・意思決定の仕方を把握しましょう。購入後に見つけた規則が、物件についての計画全体を覆し得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：規約はペット・リフォーム・賃貸・事業利用・民泊・駐車場・議決を定める。窓などの共用部分は自由に変更できないことが多い。規約は賃貸・事業利用・民泊を制限し得る。購入後でなく購入前に規約を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/condominium-rules","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-renovate-condo","faq:loan-replace-windows","faq:loan-pets","faq:loan-airbnb-condo"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:minpaku-homeowners","guide:condominium-management-fees"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"管理規約は、ペット・内装リフォーム・賃貸・事業や民泊の利用・駐車場・議決を定めます。窓などの共用部分を自由に変えることはできず、規約は住戸の使い方や収益化を制限し得ます。\nペット・リフォーム・賃貸・事業利用・民泊・駐車場・議決。\n規約はペット・リフォーム・賃貸・事業利用・民泊・駐車場・議決を定める。\n窓などの共用部分は自由に変更できないことが多い。\n規約は賃貸・事業利用・民泊を制限し得る。\n購入後でなく購入前に規約を確認する。\n規約が定めるもの\n管理規約は、日々の暮らしと所有者としての権利を形づくります。ペット・リフォーム・賃貸・事業利用・民泊・駐車場・議決などを定めます。重要なのは、マンションの内装を自由にリフォームできないことです。構造や共用部分の規則が適用され、窓などは変更が制限される共用部分であることが多く、自分で交換できないことがあります。ペットは建物の規則が認め、所定の範囲内である場合のみ飼えます。\n購入前に規約を確認する\n規約は住戸の使い方や収益化を制限し得ます。賃貸・自宅での事業・民泊はいずれも制限・禁止され得、これらの制限は国や地方の法が許すかにかかわらずあなたを拘束します。購入前に規約と最近の議事録を確認し、ペット方針・リフォームの制約・賃貸と事業の規則・民泊の立場・意思決定の仕方を把握しましょう。購入後に見つけた規則が、物件についての計画全体を覆し得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：規約はペット・リフォーム・賃貸・事業利用・民泊・駐車場・議決を定める。窓などの共用部分は自由に変更できないことが多い。規約は賃貸・事業利用・民泊を制限し得る。購入後でなく購入前に規約を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/condominium-rules","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property:ja","entityId":"guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産購入にいくら現金が必要か","plainText":"頭金だけでは足りません。頭金に加え、価格の概ね6〜10%の諸費用、緊急・修繕の備え、引越と当面の工事を見込みます。6,000万円の中古マンションで1,180万〜1,580万円の現金が必要になり得ます。\n頭金に加え諸費用・備え・引越・修繕。実際に必要な現金の目安。\n頭金に加え、価格の概ね6〜10%の諸費用が必要。\n少なくとも150万〜300万円の緊急・修繕の備えを加える。\n引越・当面の工事・按分した税と保険を含める。\n6,000万円の中古マンションで1,180万〜1,580万円、5,000万円の新築で880万〜1,300万円。\n実際の現金目安\n購入は頭金よりはるかに多くの現金を要します。頭金に加え、仲介・ローン手数料・登記・税・保険・預け金・修繕・引越・備えを見込み、これらは合わせて数百万円になるのが通常です。有用な目安は、頭金＋価格の概ね6〜10%の諸費用＋緊急・修繕の備えです。貯金をすべて頭金に使わないこと。手数料・最初の修繕・生活のための流動性が必要です。\n2つの試算例\n例A：頭金10%の6,000万円中古マンション。頭金600万円に加え、上限式の仲介概算約204.6万円、2.20%のローン手数料118.8万円、登記・司法書士50万〜90万円、検査・鑑定8万〜20万円、印紙/保険/按分20万〜50万円、軽減後の取得税0〜50万円超、引越・当面の工事30万〜150万円、備え150万〜300万円で、実務的な現金目安は約1,180万〜1,580万円です。\n例B：買主仲介なしの5,000万円新築デベロッパー物件。頭金500万円（10%）、4,500万円への2.20%手数料99万円、登記・司法書士40万〜80万円、初期の管理/修繕と按分15万〜40万円、保険/印紙/引越25万〜80万円、オプションと家具50万〜200万円、備え150万〜300万円で、実務的な現金目安は約880万〜1,300万円です。これらは計画上の概算で、評価額・軽減・手数料モデルで変わります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/cash-needed-to-buy-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-fees-outside-price","faq:loan-all-savings-down"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-closing-costs","guide:property-purchase-cost","guide:down-payment-comparison","guide:property-budget"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"東京都主税局","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shitsumon/fudosan/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"頭金だけでは足りません。頭金に加え、価格の概ね6〜10%の諸費用、緊急・修繕の備え、引越と当面の工事を見込みます。6,000万円の中古マンションで1,180万〜1,580万円の現金が必要になり得ます。\n頭金に加え諸費用・備え・引越・修繕。実際に必要な現金の目安。\n頭金に加え、価格の概ね6〜10%の諸費用が必要。\n少なくとも150万〜300万円の緊急・修繕の備えを加える。\n引越・当面の工事・按分した税と保険を含める。\n6,000万円の中古マンションで1,180万〜1,580万円、5,000万円の新築で880万〜1,300万円。\n実際の現金目安\n購入は頭金よりはるかに多くの現金を要します。頭金に加え、仲介・ローン手数料・登記・税・保険・預け金・修繕・引越・備えを見込み、これらは合わせて数百万円になるのが通常です。有用な目安は、頭金＋価格の概ね6〜10%の諸費用＋緊急・修繕の備えです。貯金をすべて頭金に使わないこと。手数料・最初の修繕・生活のための流動性が必要です。\n2つの試算例\n例A：頭金10%の6,000万円中古マンション。頭金600万円に加え、上限式の仲介概算約204.6万円、2.20%のローン手数料118.8万円、登記・司法書士50万〜90万円、検査・鑑定8万〜20万円、印紙/保険/按分20万〜50万円、軽減後の取得税0〜50万円超、引越・当面の工事30万〜150万円、備え150万〜300万円で、実務的な現金目安は約1,180万〜1,580万円です。\n例B：買主仲介なしの5,000万円新築デベロッパー物件。頭金500万円（10%）、4,500万円への2.20%手数料99万円、登記・司法書士40万〜80万円、初期の管理/修繕と按分15万〜40万円、保険/印紙/引越25万〜80万円、オプションと家具50万〜200万円、備え150万〜300万円で、実務的な現金目安は約880万〜1,300万円です。これらは計画上の概算で、評価額・軽減・手数料モデルで変わります。","url":"/ja/loans/cash-needed-to-buy-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-closing-costs:ja","entityId":"guide:property-closing-costs","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の不動産購入諸費用","plainText":"諸費用は一般に価格の約6〜10%です。仲介・ローン事務手数料や保証料・登録免許税・司法書士報酬・印紙税・取得税・保険・按分で、新築デベロッパー購入は買主仲介手数料がないことが多いです。\n取引費用の全体像と、新築・中古の違い。\n諸費用は一般に価格の約6〜10%。\n仲介・ローン手数料・登記・税が大きな項目。\n直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多い。\n一部の費用（取得税）は決済時でなく後で来る。\n取引費用の一覧\n諸費用は一般に価格の約6〜10%で、次を含みます。頭金と手付金（代金の一部）、仲介手数料（法定上限あり）、ローン事務手数料（多くは2.20%）と保証料、鑑定と検査、契約の印紙税、決済時の登録免許税、司法書士報酬、火災・地震保険、按分した税と費用です。一部の費用は後で来ます。不動産取得税は取得後に課されるため、決済時の現金と後の税の現金の両方を計画しましょう。\n新築と中古の違い\n新築と中古では費用の内訳が異なります。仲介経由で買う中古は仲介手数料（法定上限まで）を伴い、売主から直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多いです。取引の形を確認しましょう。総額を大きく変えます。新築は異なる初期の管理・修繕積立の支払いやデベロッパーのオプションを、中古は検査や当面の修繕費を伴い得ます。一律の割合を仮定せず、具体的な物件について全体像を作り、決済時の現金と後の税の現金を分けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：諸費用は一般に価格の約6〜10%。仲介・ローン手数料・登記・税が大きな項目。直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多い。一部の費用（取得税）は決済時でなく後で来る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-closing-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fees-outside-price","faq:loan-developer-brokerage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees","guide:property-registration-costs","guide:property-purchase-cost"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"東京都主税局","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shitsumon/fudosan/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7191.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"諸費用は一般に価格の約6〜10%です。仲介・ローン事務手数料や保証料・登録免許税・司法書士報酬・印紙税・取得税・保険・按分で、新築デベロッパー購入は買主仲介手数料がないことが多いです。\n取引費用の全体像と、新築・中古の違い。\n諸費用は一般に価格の約6〜10%。\n仲介・ローン手数料・登記・税が大きな項目。\n直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多い。\n一部の費用（取得税）は決済時でなく後で来る。\n取引費用の一覧\n諸費用は一般に価格の約6〜10%で、次を含みます。頭金と手付金（代金の一部）、仲介手数料（法定上限あり）、ローン事務手数料（多くは2.20%）と保証料、鑑定と検査、契約の印紙税、決済時の登録免許税、司法書士報酬、火災・地震保険、按分した税と費用です。一部の費用は後で来ます。不動産取得税は取得後に課されるため、決済時の現金と後の税の現金の両方を計画しましょう。\n新築と中古の違い\n新築と中古では費用の内訳が異なります。仲介経由で買う中古は仲介手数料（法定上限まで）を伴い、売主から直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多いです。取引の形を確認しましょう。総額を大きく変えます。新築は異なる初期の管理・修繕積立の支払いやデベロッパーのオプションを、中古は検査や当面の修繕費を伴い得ます。一律の割合を仮定せず、具体的な物件について全体像を作り、決済時の現金と後の税の現金を分けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：諸費用は一般に価格の約6〜10%。仲介・ローン手数料・登記・税が大きな項目。直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多い。一部の費用（取得税）は決済時でなく後で来る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-closing-costs","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees:ja","entityId":"guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産の仲介手数料","plainText":"仲介手数料は、価格と取引に応じた法定上限の対象で、一般的な価格では簡易式＋消費税が通常です。直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多いです。\n上限の手数料構造・消費税・仲介なしの場合・利益相反。\n手数料は価格と取引に応じた法定上限がある。\n一般的な価格では簡易式＋消費税が通常。\n直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多い。\nそのブローカーが誰を代理するか尋ねる。掲載側は売主に依存し得る。\n上限の手数料構造\n仲介手数料は、免許を持つ仲介に支払う報酬で、価格と取引に応じた法定上限の対象です。一般的な価格では、許可された簡易式（区分ごとの価格の割合）＋消費税で計算されるのが通常です。上限は天井であり固定価格ではないため、原則交渉の余地がありますが、慣行は様々です。法定上限と照合できるよう、計算を書面で求めましょう。\n仲介なしの場合と利益相反\n売主から直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多いため、手数料を仮定する前に取引の形を確認します。利益相反に注意しましょう。掲載ブローカーは売主を代理または経済的に依存し得、両手仲介や直接取引は動機を歪め得ます。誰を代理するか、双方の代理かを尋ねます。支払う前に免許を確認し、ブローカーの銀行紹介はローンが手頃だと証明しないことを覚えておきましょう。それはあなたの判断です。\n押さえておきたい要点：手数料は価格と取引に応じた法定上限がある。一般的な価格では簡易式＋消費税が通常。直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多い。そのブローカーが誰を代理するか尋ねる。掲載側は売主に依存し得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/real-estate-brokerage-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-brokerage-commission","faq:loan-developer-brokerage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:real-estate-agents-japan","guide:property-closing-costs","guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"仲介手数料は、価格と取引に応じた法定上限の対象で、一般的な価格では簡易式＋消費税が通常です。直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多いです。\n上限の手数料構造・消費税・仲介なしの場合・利益相反。\n手数料は価格と取引に応じた法定上限がある。\n一般的な価格では簡易式＋消費税が通常。\n直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多い。\nそのブローカーが誰を代理するか尋ねる。掲載側は売主に依存し得る。\n上限の手数料構造\n仲介手数料は、免許を持つ仲介に支払う報酬で、価格と取引に応じた法定上限の対象です。一般的な価格では、許可された簡易式（区分ごとの価格の割合）＋消費税で計算されるのが通常です。上限は天井であり固定価格ではないため、原則交渉の余地がありますが、慣行は様々です。法定上限と照合できるよう、計算を書面で求めましょう。\n仲介なしの場合と利益相反\n売主から直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多いため、手数料を仮定する前に取引の形を確認します。利益相反に注意しましょう。掲載ブローカーは売主を代理または経済的に依存し得、両手仲介や直接取引は動機を歪め得ます。誰を代理するか、双方の代理かを尋ねます。支払う前に免許を確認し、ブローカーの銀行紹介はローンが手頃だと証明しないことを覚えておきましょう。それはあなたの判断です。\n押さえておきたい要点：手数料は価格と取引に応じた法定上限がある。一般的な価格では簡易式＋消費税が通常。直接買う新築デベロッパー物件は買主仲介手数料がないことが多い。そのブローカーが誰を代理するか尋ねる。掲載側は売主に依存し得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/real-estate-brokerage-fees","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-fees:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローンの事務手数料と保証料","plainText":"住宅ローンの手数料は二つのモデルに従います。定率の事務手数料（多くは2.20%＝5,000万円で110万円）で保証料なし、または保証会社モデル（前払い・金利上乗せ・より高い事務手数料で免除）です。保有期間の総額で比較しましょう。\n2.20%モデル・保証会社モデル・金利上乗せ・保有期間。\n定率モデルは2.20%の事務手数料を課し、保証料はないことが多い。\n保証会社モデルは前払い・金利上乗せ・なしのいずれか。\n「保証料なし」は定率手数料の上昇や金利上乗せを意味し得る。\n保有期間が短いと、どちらのモデルが安いか変わる。\n二つの手数料モデル\n日本の住宅ローンは一般に二つの手数料モデルのいずれかを使います。定率モデルは事務手数料（多くは元金の2.20%＝5,000万円で110万円）を課し、別途の保証料はないことが多いです。保証会社モデルは、審査する保証会社を伴い、前払い（一括）・金利上乗せ（やや高い金利）・より高い事務手数料と引き換えの免除、のいずれかです。各モデルは別の所にコストを隠し得るため、ラベルでなく手数料＋利息の総額で比較しましょう。\n保有期間で答えが変わる\n保有期間が重要です。大きな前払い手数料（2.20%の事務手数料など）は保有年数で按分されるため、長期保有ならやや低い金利の価値があり得、短期保有なら（数年で売却・借換するなら）大きな手数料を回収できないため、低手数料・やや高金利の商品のほうが安くなり得ます。実際に保有を見込む年数で内部コストを計算し、繰上返済手数料も確認しましょう。保有期間が短いほど重要です。\n押さえておきたい要点：定率モデルは2.20%の事務手数料を課し、保証料はないことが多い。保証会社モデルは前払い・金利上乗せ・なしのいずれか。「保証料なし」は定率手数料の上昇や金利上乗せを意味し得る。保有期間が短いと、どちらのモデルが安いか変わる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-total-cost","faq:loan-what-guarantee-company"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-fees-comparison","guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","guide:collateral-guarantee-companies"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"住宅ローンの手数料は二つのモデルに従います。定率の事務手数料（多くは2.20%＝5,000万円で110万円）で保証料なし、または保証会社モデル（前払い・金利上乗せ・より高い事務手数料で免除）です。保有期間の総額で比較しましょう。\n2.20%モデル・保証会社モデル・金利上乗せ・保有期間。\n定率モデルは2.20%の事務手数料を課し、保証料はないことが多い。\n保証会社モデルは前払い・金利上乗せ・なしのいずれか。\n「保証料なし」は定率手数料の上昇や金利上乗せを意味し得る。\n保有期間が短いと、どちらのモデルが安いか変わる。\n二つの手数料モデル\n日本の住宅ローンは一般に二つの手数料モデルのいずれかを使います。定率モデルは事務手数料（多くは元金の2.20%＝5,000万円で110万円）を課し、別途の保証料はないことが多いです。保証会社モデルは、審査する保証会社を伴い、前払い（一括）・金利上乗せ（やや高い金利）・より高い事務手数料と引き換えの免除、のいずれかです。各モデルは別の所にコストを隠し得るため、ラベルでなく手数料＋利息の総額で比較しましょう。\n保有期間で答えが変わる\n保有期間が重要です。大きな前払い手数料（2.20%の事務手数料など）は保有年数で按分されるため、長期保有ならやや低い金利の価値があり得、短期保有なら（数年で売却・借換するなら）大きな手数料を回収できないため、低手数料・やや高金利の商品のほうが安くなり得ます。実際に保有を見込む年数で内部コストを計算し、繰上返済手数料も確認しましょう。保有期間が短いほど重要です。\n押さえておきたい要点：定率モデルは2.20%の事務手数料を課し、保証料はないことが多い。保証会社モデルは前払い・金利上乗せ・なしのいずれか。「保証料なし」は定率手数料の上昇や金利上乗せを意味し得る。保有期間が短いと、どちらのモデルが安いか変わる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-fees","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-registration-costs:ja","entityId":"guide:property-registration-costs","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産の登記費用","plainText":"登録免許税は、所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記に、評価額や被担保額と適用される軽減に基づいて課され、加えて司法書士の報酬と立替費用がかかります。\n所有権移転・抵当権設定・評価額・軽減。\n登録免許税は所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記にかかる。\n評価額や被担保額と軽減に基づく。\n司法書士は報酬＋税・立替費用を請求する。\n住宅向けの軽減で適格な住宅の税が下がり得る。\n登録免許税\n登録免許税は、所定の登記(主に購入時の所有権移転登記と借入時の抵当権設定登記)に課される税です。物件の評価額やローンの被担保額に基づき、税率は法で定められ、適格な住宅の税を下げ得る住宅向けの軽減があります。払った価格でなく評価額に基づくため、金額は購入価格の単純な割合とは異なり得ます。\n司法書士の報酬\n登記は司法書士が行い、税と立替費用に加えて報酬を請求します。貸し手や仲介が司法書士を指名することがあり、その選択が必須かを尋ねられます。登録免許税と司法書士報酬の両方を諸費用の一部として見込み、決済で驚かないよう事前に見積りを求めましょう。軽減は定期的に変わるため、あなたの物件と居住について現行のルールを確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：登録免許税は所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記にかかる。評価額や被担保額と軽減に基づく。司法書士は報酬＋税・立替費用を請求する。住宅向けの軽減で適格な住宅の税が下がり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-registration-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-registration-tax","faq:loan-judicial-scrivener"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:judicial-scrivener-property","guide:property-closing-costs","guide:property-closing-registration"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7191.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"登録免許税は、所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記に、評価額や被担保額と適用される軽減に基づいて課され、加えて司法書士の報酬と立替費用がかかります。\n所有権移転・抵当権設定・評価額・軽減。\n登録免許税は所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記にかかる。\n評価額や被担保額と軽減に基づく。\n司法書士は報酬＋税・立替費用を請求する。\n住宅向けの軽減で適格な住宅の税が下がり得る。\n登録免許税\n登録免許税は、所定の登記(主に購入時の所有権移転登記と借入時の抵当権設定登記)に課される税です。物件の評価額やローンの被担保額に基づき、税率は法で定められ、適格な住宅の税を下げ得る住宅向けの軽減があります。払った価格でなく評価額に基づくため、金額は購入価格の単純な割合とは異なり得ます。\n司法書士の報酬\n登記は司法書士が行い、税と立替費用に加えて報酬を請求します。貸し手や仲介が司法書士を指名することがあり、その選択が必須かを尋ねられます。登録免許税と司法書士報酬の両方を諸費用の一部として見込み、決済で驚かないよう事前に見積りを求めましょう。軽減は定期的に変わるため、あなたの物件と居住について現行のルールを確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：登録免許税は所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記にかかる。評価額や被担保額と軽減に基づく。司法書士は報酬＋税・立替費用を請求する。住宅向けの軽減で適格な住宅の税が下がり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-registration-costs","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:judicial-scrivener-property:ja","entityId":"guide:judicial-scrivener-property","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"司法書士は何をするか","plainText":"司法書士は、所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記を準備・申請し、決済の手続きを確認し、報酬＋税・立替費用を請求します。貸し手が指名することがあり、その選択が必須かを尋ねられます。\n登記の役割・貸し手の指名・報酬・書類・決済。\n所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記を準備・申請する。\n資金が動く前に決済の手続きを確認する。\n報酬＋税・立替費用を請求する。\n貸し手や仲介が指名し得る。必須かを尋ねる。\n登記の役割\n司法書士は、不動産の登記(物件が移転するときの所有権移転登記と、借入時の貸し手の抵当権設定登記)を準備・申請する専門家です。決済時、司法書士は資金が動く前に書類と決済の手続きを確認し、名義がきれいに移転し抵当権が適切に登記されることを確かめて、買主と貸し手の双方を守ります。この役割ゆえ、決済は通常、司法書士の立会いのもと(多くは銀行で)行われます。\n報酬と貸し手の指名\n司法書士は、報酬に加えて登録免許税と立替費用を請求し、これらはすべて諸費用に入ります。貸し手や仲介が特定の司法書士を指名することがあり、特に貸し手は自らの抵当権を正しく登記したいためです。その選択が必須か、自分の司法書士を使えるかを尋ねられます。事前に報酬の見積りを求め、決済後は登記の記録を保管しましょう。物件の将来の手続きで必要になります。\n押さえておきたい要点：所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記を準備・申請する。資金が動く前に決済の手続きを確認する。報酬＋税・立替費用を請求する。貸し手や仲介が指名し得る。必須かを尋ねる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/judicial-scrivener-property","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-judicial-scrivener"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-registration-costs","guide:property-closing-registration","guide:property-registration-services"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Justice","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"司法書士は、所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記を準備・申請し、決済の手続きを確認し、報酬＋税・立替費用を請求します。貸し手が指名することがあり、その選択が必須かを尋ねられます。\n登記の役割・貸し手の指名・報酬・書類・決済。\n所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記を準備・申請する。\n資金が動く前に決済の手続きを確認する。\n報酬＋税・立替費用を請求する。\n貸し手や仲介が指名し得る。必須かを尋ねる。\n登記の役割\n司法書士は、不動産の登記(物件が移転するときの所有権移転登記と、借入時の貸し手の抵当権設定登記)を準備・申請する専門家です。決済時、司法書士は資金が動く前に書類と決済の手続きを確認し、名義がきれいに移転し抵当権が適切に登記されることを確かめて、買主と貸し手の双方を守ります。この役割ゆえ、決済は通常、司法書士の立会いのもと(多くは銀行で)行われます。\n報酬と貸し手の指名\n司法書士は、報酬に加えて登録免許税と立替費用を請求し、これらはすべて諸費用に入ります。貸し手や仲介が特定の司法書士を指名することがあり、特に貸し手は自らの抵当権を正しく登記したいためです。その選択が必須か、自分の司法書士を使えるかを尋ねられます。事前に報酬の見積りを求め、決済後は登記の記録を保管しましょう。物件の将来の手続きで必要になります。\n押さえておきたい要点：所有権移転と抵当権設定の登記を準備・申請する。資金が動く前に決済の手続きを確認する。報酬＋税・立替費用を請求する。貸し手や仲介が指名し得る。必須かを尋ねる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/judicial-scrivener-property","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:real-estate-acquisition-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:real-estate-acquisition-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産取得税","plainText":"不動産取得税は、取得後に課される都道府県税で、評価額に基づきます。住宅の軽減で大きく減り得、税率と手続きは都道府県で異なります。東京の住宅用は評価控除後で概ね3%です。\n課税の時期・評価・住宅の軽減・都道府県差。\n取得後に課される都道府県税で、評価額に基づく。\n住宅の軽減で大きく減り得る。\n東京の住宅用は評価控除・土地軽減後で概ね3%。\n税率と申告手続きは都道府県で異なる。\n課税の時期と評価\n不動産取得税は、決済時でなく取得後に課される都道府県税なので、購入後しばらくして別の納付書として来ます。そのための現金を確保しましょう。払った価格でなく物件の評価額(税務上の価値)に基づきます。後で来るため予算で忘れやすく、決済時の現金とは別に「後の税の現金」に含めましょう。\n住宅の軽減と都道府県差\n住宅の軽減は適格な住宅の税を大きく減らし得ます。東京では住宅用不動産取得税は、適用される評価控除と土地の軽減の後、概ね3%で計算され、非住宅用は異なる税率です。申告と軽減の手続きは都道府県で異なるため、物件の所在地のルールと、軽減を受けるために申告が必要かを確認しましょう。軽減は条件付きなので、減額後の数字を仮定する前に、物件と用途が適格か確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：取得後に課される都道府県税で、評価額に基づく。住宅の軽減で大きく減り得る。東京の住宅用は評価控除・土地軽減後で概ね3%。税率と申告手続きは都道府県で異なる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/real-estate-acquisition-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-acquisition-tax"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-asset-tax","guide:property-closing-costs","guide:taxes-when-buying-property-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"東京都主税局","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shitsumon/fudosan/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"不動産取得税は、取得後に課される都道府県税で、評価額に基づきます。住宅の軽減で大きく減り得、税率と手続きは都道府県で異なります。東京の住宅用は評価控除後で概ね3%です。\n課税の時期・評価・住宅の軽減・都道府県差。\n取得後に課される都道府県税で、評価額に基づく。\n住宅の軽減で大きく減り得る。\n東京の住宅用は評価控除・土地軽減後で概ね3%。\n税率と申告手続きは都道府県で異なる。\n課税の時期と評価\n不動産取得税は、決済時でなく取得後に課される都道府県税なので、購入後しばらくして別の納付書として来ます。そのための現金を確保しましょう。払った価格でなく物件の評価額(税務上の価値)に基づきます。後で来るため予算で忘れやすく、決済時の現金とは別に「後の税の現金」に含めましょう。\n住宅の軽減と都道府県差\n住宅の軽減は適格な住宅の税を大きく減らし得ます。東京では住宅用不動産取得税は、適用される評価控除と土地の軽減の後、概ね3%で計算され、非住宅用は異なる税率です。申告と軽減の手続きは都道府県で異なるため、物件の所在地のルールと、軽減を受けるために申告が必要かを確認しましょう。軽減は条件付きなので、減額後の数字を仮定する前に、物件と用途が適格か確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：取得後に課される都道府県税で、評価額に基づく。住宅の軽減で大きく減り得る。東京の住宅用は評価控除・土地軽減後で概ね3%。税率と申告手続きは都道府県で異なる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/real-estate-acquisition-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-asset-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:fixed-asset-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"固定資産税と都市計画税","plainText":"固定資産税は評価額に基づく毎年の市町村税で、都市計画税は指定された都市計画区域内でかかります。決済時、その年の税は契約により売主と買主で経済的に按分されるのが通常です。\n毎年の負担・評価額・按分・予算。\n固定資産税は評価額に基づく毎年の市町村税。\n都市計画税は指定された都市計画区域内でかかる。\n決済時、その年の税は契約で経済的に按分されるのが通常。\n毎年の保有コストとして予算に入れる。\n毎年の保有コスト\n固定資産税は、物件の評価額に基づき市町村が課す毎年の地方税で、一度きりの購入費用でなく継続的な保有コストです。指定された都市計画区域内では、追加の都市計画税がかかります。これらは合わせて意味のある年間支出で、最初から毎月の住居予算に、保険・(マンションの)管理費と修繕積立金・維持費とともに組み込むべきです。\n決済時の按分\nその年の固定資産税の法的な納税義務は法定ルール(所定の基準日の所有者)に従いますが、決済時、売主と買主は契約で税を経済的に按分するのが通常で、各自が実質的に自分が所有する年内の期間分を負担します。決済時の金額が驚きにならないよう、契約で按分がどう扱われるか確認しましょう。購入後は毎年、満額の年間税を予算に入れ、評価額(したがって税)は時間とともに変わり得ることを覚えておきましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：固定資産税は評価額に基づく毎年の市町村税。都市計画税は指定された都市計画区域内でかかる。決済時、その年の税は契約で経済的に按分されるのが通常。毎年の保有コストとして予算に入れる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/fixed-asset-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fixed-asset-tax","faq:loan-city-planning-tax","faq:loan-prorate-fixed-asset"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:real-estate-acquisition-tax","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:fixed-asset-and-city-planning-taxes"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"東京都主税局","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"固定資産税は評価額に基づく毎年の市町村税で、都市計画税は指定された都市計画区域内でかかります。決済時、その年の税は契約により売主と買主で経済的に按分されるのが通常です。\n毎年の負担・評価額・按分・予算。\n固定資産税は評価額に基づく毎年の市町村税。\n都市計画税は指定された都市計画区域内でかかる。\n決済時、その年の税は契約で経済的に按分されるのが通常。\n毎年の保有コストとして予算に入れる。\n毎年の保有コスト\n固定資産税は、物件の評価額に基づき市町村が課す毎年の地方税で、一度きりの購入費用でなく継続的な保有コストです。指定された都市計画区域内では、追加の都市計画税がかかります。これらは合わせて意味のある年間支出で、最初から毎月の住居予算に、保険・(マンションの)管理費と修繕積立金・維持費とともに組み込むべきです。\n決済時の按分\nその年の固定資産税の法的な納税義務は法定ルール(所定の基準日の所有者)に従いますが、決済時、売主と買主は契約で税を経済的に按分するのが通常で、各自が実質的に自分が所有する年内の期間分を負担します。決済時の金額が驚きにならないよう、契約で按分がどう扱われるか確認しましょう。購入後は毎年、満額の年間税を予算に入れ、評価額(したがって税)は時間とともに変わり得ることを覚えておきましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：固定資産税は評価額に基づく毎年の市町村税。都市計画税は指定された都市計画区域内でかかる。決済時、その年の税は契約で経済的に按分されるのが通常。毎年の保有コストとして予算に入れる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/fixed-asset-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-tax-deduction:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-tax-deduction","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン控除（住宅ローン減税）","plainText":"住宅ローン控除は、年末の適格なローン残高に基づく所得税の税額控除(0.7%の枠組み)です。2026年の制度は2026〜2030年の適格な入居を延長し、所得上限2,000万円と床面積・省エネ・居住の条件があります。初年度に確定申告を行います。\n要件・居住・住宅基準・初年度の申告・年ごとの変更。\n年末の適格なローン残高に基づく所得税の税額控除(0.7%の枠組み)。\n2026年の制度は2026〜2030年の適格な入居を延長。\n一般的な所得上限は2,000万円、床面積と省エネの条件あり。\n初年度に確定申告して受ける。\n控除の仕組み\n住宅ローン控除(住宅ローン減税)は、年末の適格なローン残高と条件に基づく所得税の税額控除で、0.7%の枠組みです。日本の2026年の改正は、2026〜2030年の適格な入居について控除を5年延長し、適格な省エネ既存住宅の扱いを拡充し、一部の既存住宅の控除を13年に延長しました。残高上限・床面積要件・世帯加算・省エネ区分・災害区域の規定・所得上限・期間は、あなたの具体的な物件と入居年について確認が必要です。ルールは細かく毎年変わります。\n要件と初年度の申告\n要件は自動ではありません。一般的な適用所得の上限は2,000万円で、一部の40〜50㎡の住宅にはより厳しい条件があり、すべての新築が適格なわけではありません。省エネ・床面積・居住などの規則が適用されますが、中古も適格になり得、2026年の改正は適格な省エネ既存住宅の扱いを拡充しました。控除を受けるには通常、初年度に確定申告が必要で、以後は会社員なら年末調整で受けられます。細部は毎年変わるため、入居年について国税庁や税理士に現行のルールを確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：年末の適格なローン残高に基づく所得税の税額控除(0.7%の枠組み)。2026年の制度は2026〜2030年の適格な入居を延長。一般的な所得上限は2,000万円、床面積と省エネの条件あり。初年度に確定申告して受ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-tax-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-tax-deduction","faq:loan-deduction-automatic","faq:loan-deduction-income-limit","faq:loan-file-first-year"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:early-repayment","guide:after-buying-home","guide:mortgage-interest-vs-mortgage-tax-credit"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"住宅ローン控除は、年末の適格なローン残高に基づく所得税の税額控除(0.7%の枠組み)です。2026年の制度は2026〜2030年の適格な入居を延長し、所得上限2,000万円と床面積・省エネ・居住の条件があります。初年度に確定申告を行います。\n要件・居住・住宅基準・初年度の申告・年ごとの変更。\n年末の適格なローン残高に基づく所得税の税額控除(0.7%の枠組み)。\n2026年の制度は2026〜2030年の適格な入居を延長。\n一般的な所得上限は2,000万円、床面積と省エネの条件あり。\n初年度に確定申告して受ける。\n控除の仕組み\n住宅ローン控除(住宅ローン減税)は、年末の適格なローン残高と条件に基づく所得税の税額控除で、0.7%の枠組みです。日本の2026年の改正は、2026〜2030年の適格な入居について控除を5年延長し、適格な省エネ既存住宅の扱いを拡充し、一部の既存住宅の控除を13年に延長しました。残高上限・床面積要件・世帯加算・省エネ区分・災害区域の規定・所得上限・期間は、あなたの具体的な物件と入居年について確認が必要です。ルールは細かく毎年変わります。\n要件と初年度の申告\n要件は自動ではありません。一般的な適用所得の上限は2,000万円で、一部の40〜50㎡の住宅にはより厳しい条件があり、すべての新築が適格なわけではありません。省エネ・床面積・居住などの規則が適用されますが、中古も適格になり得、2026年の改正は適格な省エネ既存住宅の扱いを拡充しました。控除を受けるには通常、初年度に確定申告が必要で、以後は会社員なら年末調整で受けられます。細部は毎年変わるため、入居年について国税庁や税理士に現行のルールを確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：年末の適格なローン残高に基づく所得税の税額控除(0.7%の枠組み)。2026年の制度は2026〜2030年の適格な入居を延長。一般的な所得上限は2,000万円、床面積と省エネの条件あり。初年度に確定申告して受ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-tax-deduction","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance:ja","entityId":"guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅の火災保険と地震保険","plainText":"貸し手は一般に十分な火災保険を求めます。地震保険は火災保険に付帯し、通常は火災保険金額の30〜50%(建物5,000万円・家財1,000万円が上限)で、生活再建向けです。通常の火災保険は地震による火災を補償しません。\n融資の要件・建物と家財・免責・地震の上限。\n貸し手は一般に建物に十分な火災保険を求める。\n地震保険は火災保険に付帯し上限がある。\n地震補償は火災保険金額の概ね30〜50%(建物5,000万・家財1,000万)。\n通常の火災保険は地震による火災を補償しない。\n火災保険と融資の要件\n貸し手は一般に、建物が担保であるため、住宅ローンの条件として建物に十分な火災保険を求めます。火災保険は所定の危険に対し建物と家財を補償しますが、免責を丁寧に読みましょう。特に通常の火災保険は地震による火災を概ね補償しません。貸し手や代理店を通じて買えることが多いですが、認められる範囲で外部の見積りと手数料を比較しましょう。セット契約が自動的に最安・最適な補償とは限りません。\n地震保険とその上限\n地震保険は火災保険に付帯する必要があり、単独では買えません。保険金額は対応する火災保険金額の概ね30〜50%で、建物5,000万円・家財1,000万円が上限で、完全な再建の保証でなく生活再建の支援を目的とします。したがって住まい全体を再建はせず、再スタートを助けます。マンション所有者は、共用部分の組合の補償を確認しつつ、住戸と家財の補償を検討すべきです。地震の多い国では、上限があっても別建ての地震保険は真剣に検討する価値があります。\n押さえておきたい要点：貸し手は一般に建物に十分な火災保険を求める。地震保険は火災保険に付帯し上限がある。地震補償は火災保険金額の概ね30〜50%(建物5,000万・家財1,000万)。通常の火災保険は地震による火災を補償しない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/home-fire-earthquake-insurance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fire-insurance-mandatory","faq:loan-fire-earthquake-fire","faq:loan-earthquake-rebuild","faq:loan-condo-earthquake","faq:loan-bundle-insurance"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:earthquake-standards","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:property-insurance-providers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"貸し手は一般に十分な火災保険を求めます。地震保険は火災保険に付帯し、通常は火災保険金額の30〜50%(建物5,000万円・家財1,000万円が上限)で、生活再建向けです。通常の火災保険は地震による火災を補償しません。\n融資の要件・建物と家財・免責・地震の上限。\n貸し手は一般に建物に十分な火災保険を求める。\n地震保険は火災保険に付帯し上限がある。\n地震補償は火災保険金額の概ね30〜50%(建物5,000万・家財1,000万)。\n通常の火災保険は地震による火災を補償しない。\n火災保険と融資の要件\n貸し手は一般に、建物が担保であるため、住宅ローンの条件として建物に十分な火災保険を求めます。火災保険は所定の危険に対し建物と家財を補償しますが、免責を丁寧に読みましょう。特に通常の火災保険は地震による火災を概ね補償しません。貸し手や代理店を通じて買えることが多いですが、認められる範囲で外部の見積りと手数料を比較しましょう。セット契約が自動的に最安・最適な補償とは限りません。\n地震保険とその上限\n地震保険は火災保険に付帯する必要があり、単独では買えません。保険金額は対応する火災保険金額の概ね30〜50%で、建物5,000万円・家財1,000万円が上限で、完全な再建の保証でなく生活再建の支援を目的とします。したがって住まい全体を再建はせず、再スタートを助けます。マンション所有者は、共用部分の組合の補償を確認しつつ、住戸と家財の補償を検討すべきです。地震の多い国では、上限があっても別建ての地震保険は真剣に検討する価値があります。\n押さえておきたい要点：貸し手は一般に建物に十分な火災保険を求める。地震保険は火災保険に付帯し上限がある。地震補償は火災保険金額の概ね30〜50%(建物5,000万・家財1,000万)。通常の火災保険は地震による火災を補償しない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/home-fire-earthquake-insurance","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:condominium-management-fees:ja","entityId":"guide:condominium-management-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マンションの管理費","plainText":"管理費は通常の共用運営を賄い、大規模修繕のために貯めません。それは別建ての修繕積立金です。管理費の推移と所有者の滞納に注意しましょう。どちらも建物財務の健全性を示します。\n何を賄い何を賄わないか・推移・滞納。\n管理費は通常の共用運営(清掃・警備・共用部の光熱費)を賄う。\n大規模修繕のためには貯めない。それは修繕積立金。\n管理費の推移と所有者の滞納を財務健全性の signal として見る。\n極端に低い費用は効率でなく手当て不足のことがある。\n管理費が賄うもの\n管理費は、建物の通常の共用運営(清掃・警備・共用部の光熱費・日々の管理・小さな手入れ)を賄います。重要なのは、これは営業費用であって大規模修繕のために貯めるお金ではないことです。修繕積立金が長期の資本工事のための資金です。この二つを混同すると、営業予算だけが賄われ修繕積立が薄いのに、建物が十分な資金を持つと所有者が誤解します。\n推移と滞納\n建物を評価するときは、管理費の推移と所有者の滞納を見ます。管理費の上昇は、実際の費用増や手当て不足の是正を映し得ます。滞納の常態化は一部の所有者が払っていないことを意味し、予算を圧迫し、より深い運営の問題を予兆し得ます。極端に低い費用は自動的な利点ではありません。共用部への手当て不足を意味し得ます。会計と議事録を費用とともに読み、修繕積立金と建物全体の財務健全性の文脈で費用を判断しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：管理費は通常の共用運営(清掃・警備・共用部の光熱費)を賄う。大規模修繕のためには貯めない。それは修繕積立金。管理費の推移と所有者の滞納を財務健全性の signal として見る。極端に低い費用は効率でなく手当て不足のことがある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/condominium-management-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-fees","faq:loan-repair-reserve"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:condo-repair-reserve","guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:condominium-rules"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"管理費は通常の共用運営を賄い、大規模修繕のために貯めません。それは別建ての修繕積立金です。管理費の推移と所有者の滞納に注意しましょう。どちらも建物財務の健全性を示します。\n何を賄い何を賄わないか・推移・滞納。\n管理費は通常の共用運営(清掃・警備・共用部の光熱費)を賄う。\n大規模修繕のためには貯めない。それは修繕積立金。\n管理費の推移と所有者の滞納を財務健全性の signal として見る。\n極端に低い費用は効率でなく手当て不足のことがある。\n管理費が賄うもの\n管理費は、建物の通常の共用運営(清掃・警備・共用部の光熱費・日々の管理・小さな手入れ)を賄います。重要なのは、これは営業費用であって大規模修繕のために貯めるお金ではないことです。修繕積立金が長期の資本工事のための資金です。この二つを混同すると、営業予算だけが賄われ修繕積立が薄いのに、建物が十分な資金を持つと所有者が誤解します。\n推移と滞納\n建物を評価するときは、管理費の推移と所有者の滞納を見ます。管理費の上昇は、実際の費用増や手当て不足の是正を映し得ます。滞納の常態化は一部の所有者が払っていないことを意味し、予算を圧迫し、より深い運営の問題を予兆し得ます。極端に低い費用は自動的な利点ではありません。共用部への手当て不足を意味し得ます。会計と議事録を費用とともに読み、修繕積立金と建物全体の財務健全性の文脈で費用を判断しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：管理費は通常の共用運営(清掃・警備・共用部の光熱費)を賄う。大規模修繕のためには貯めない。それは修繕積立金。管理費の推移と所有者の滞納を財務健全性の signal として見る。極端に低い費用は効率でなく手当て不足のことがある。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/condominium-management-fees","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:house-maintenance-costs:ja","entityId":"guide:house-maintenance-costs","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"一戸建ての維持費","plainText":"一戸建て所有者は、屋根・外装・構造・排水・設備・シロアリの費用を、時間とともに直接かつ不均等に負担します。マンションの修繕積立金に相当する私的な維持積立を、誰も集めてくれないので自分で用意しましょう。\n屋根・外装・設備・排水・シロアリと私的な積立。\n一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・構造・排水・設備・シロアリの費用を直接負担する。\nこれらの費用は時間とともに不均等に来る。安い年も高い年もある。\n私的な維持積立を自分で用意する。誰も集めてくれない。\n故障に反応するのでなく維持計画を立てる。\n一戸建て所有者が負担する費用\nマンション所有者と違い、一戸建て所有者には修繕積立金を集める組合がなく、屋根・外装・構造・排水・設備・シロアリの費用を直接負担します。これらは不均等に来ます。ほとんど使わない年もあれば、屋根・外壁の再塗装・排水やシロアリの工事が大きな単発費用として来る年もあります。一戸建ての自由(管理費なし・完全な制御)には、これらすべてを自分で資金手当てし計画する責任が伴います。\n私的な積立と計画\n私的な維持積立を自分で用意しましょう。マンションのように毎月お金を取り分け、大きな修繕が危機にならないようにします。故障に反応するのでなく維持計画を立てます。屋根・外壁・給湯器などの設備がいつ頃手入れを要するかを把握し、前もって予算化します。定期的な小さな維持は後の大きな費用をしばしば防ぎます。私的な積立を、任意の追加でなく一戸建て所有の譲れない一部と捉えましょう。先送りした維持は高額な構造問題に膨らみます。\n押さえておきたい要点：一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・構造・排水・設備・シロアリの費用を直接負担する。これらの費用は時間とともに不均等に来る。安い年も高い年もある。私的な維持積立を自分で用意する。誰も集めてくれない。故障に反応するのでなく維持計画を立てる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/house-maintenance-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-emergency-cash-owner"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:house-vs-condominium","guide:renovation-costs-financing","guide:homeownership-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"一戸建て所有者は、屋根・外装・構造・排水・設備・シロアリの費用を、時間とともに直接かつ不均等に負担します。マンションの修繕積立金に相当する私的な維持積立を、誰も集めてくれないので自分で用意しましょう。\n屋根・外装・設備・排水・シロアリと私的な積立。\n一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・構造・排水・設備・シロアリの費用を直接負担する。\nこれらの費用は時間とともに不均等に来る。安い年も高い年もある。\n私的な維持積立を自分で用意する。誰も集めてくれない。\n故障に反応するのでなく維持計画を立てる。\n一戸建て所有者が負担する費用\nマンション所有者と違い、一戸建て所有者には修繕積立金を集める組合がなく、屋根・外装・構造・排水・設備・シロアリの費用を直接負担します。これらは不均等に来ます。ほとんど使わない年もあれば、屋根・外壁の再塗装・排水やシロアリの工事が大きな単発費用として来る年もあります。一戸建ての自由(管理費なし・完全な制御)には、これらすべてを自分で資金手当てし計画する責任が伴います。\n私的な積立と計画\n私的な維持積立を自分で用意しましょう。マンションのように毎月お金を取り分け、大きな修繕が危機にならないようにします。故障に反応するのでなく維持計画を立てます。屋根・外壁・給湯器などの設備がいつ頃手入れを要するかを把握し、前もって予算化します。定期的な小さな維持は後の大きな費用をしばしば防ぎます。私的な積立を、任意の追加でなく一戸建て所有の譲れない一部と捉えましょう。先送りした維持は高額な構造問題に膨らみます。\n押さえておきたい要点：一戸建て所有者は屋根・外装・構造・排水・設備・シロアリの費用を直接負担する。これらの費用は時間とともに不均等に来る。安い年も高い年もある。私的な維持積立を自分で用意する。誰も集めてくれない。故障に反応するのでなく維持計画を立てる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/house-maintenance-costs","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:renovation-costs-financing:ja","entityId":"guide:renovation-costs-financing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"リフォームの費用と資金","plainText":"範囲を定め、図面と除外を伴う範囲に合った見積りを取り、予備費を持ち、可能なら抵当権付きや購入＋リフォーム一体型で資金調達し、地域相場が払う以上の過剰投資を避けます。\n範囲・見積り・予備費・リフォームローン・過剰投資。\n範囲を定め、それに合った見積りを図面と明確な除外とともに取る。\n古い建物が隠しがちな想定外のための予備費を持つ。\n抵当権付きや購入＋リフォーム一体型は無担保より安い。\n地域相場が払う以上の過剰投資を避ける。\n範囲・見積り・予備費\nまず範囲を正確に定め、図面・明確な除外・保証・免許の確認・出来高に連動した支払い計画を含む、範囲に合った見積りを取ります。これらのないリフォーム見積りは受けないこと。予備費を持ちましょう。古い建物を開けると、見積り時に見えなかった隠れた構造・配管・電気の工事がしばしば現れるためです。予備費は嫌な驚きを危機でなく計画された費用に変えます。\n資金と過剰投資\n可能なら、通常割高な無担保リフォームローンでなく、抵当権付きや購入＋リフォーム一体型で資金調達します。工事費を、それが加える価値の現実的な見積りと比較しましょう。必要な修繕や価値を保つ改良は住まいを守りますが、極めて個性的な仕上げや地域相場を超える工事は売却で回収できないことがあります。過剰投資はよくあり避けられる失敗で、特に数年で売る可能性があるならなおさらです。\n押さえておきたい要点：範囲を定め、それに合った見積りを図面と明確な除外とともに取る。古い建物が隠しがちな想定外のための予備費を持つ。抵当権付きや購入＋リフォーム一体型は無担保より安い。地域相場が払う以上の過剰投資を避ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/renovation-costs-financing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-renovation-increase-value","faq:loan-renovation-in-mortgage","faq:loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:renovation-loans","guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:renovation-services"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"範囲を定め、図面と除外を伴う範囲に合った見積りを取り、予備費を持ち、可能なら抵当権付きや購入＋リフォーム一体型で資金調達し、地域相場が払う以上の過剰投資を避けます。\n範囲・見積り・予備費・リフォームローン・過剰投資。\n範囲を定め、それに合った見積りを図面と明確な除外とともに取る。\n古い建物が隠しがちな想定外のための予備費を持つ。\n抵当権付きや購入＋リフォーム一体型は無担保より安い。\n地域相場が払う以上の過剰投資を避ける。\n範囲・見積り・予備費\nまず範囲を正確に定め、図面・明確な除外・保証・免許の確認・出来高に連動した支払い計画を含む、範囲に合った見積りを取ります。これらのないリフォーム見積りは受けないこと。予備費を持ちましょう。古い建物を開けると、見積り時に見えなかった隠れた構造・配管・電気の工事がしばしば現れるためです。予備費は嫌な驚きを危機でなく計画された費用に変えます。\n資金と過剰投資\n可能なら、通常割高な無担保リフォームローンでなく、抵当権付きや購入＋リフォーム一体型で資金調達します。工事費を、それが加える価値の現実的な見積りと比較しましょう。必要な修繕や価値を保つ改良は住まいを守りますが、極めて個性的な仕上げや地域相場を超える工事は売却で回収できないことがあります。過剰投資はよくあり避けられる失敗で、特に数年で売る可能性があるならなおさらです。\n押さえておきたい要点：範囲を定め、それに合った見積りを図面と明確な除外とともに取る。古い建物が隠しがちな想定外のための予備費を持つ。抵当権付きや購入＋リフォーム一体型は無担保より安い。地域相場が払う以上の過剰投資を避ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/renovation-costs-financing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:selling-property-costs:ja","entityId":"guide:selling-property-costs","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産売却の費用","plainText":"売却は、仲介手数料・抵当権抹消と登記・法務費用・修繕・譲渡所得税により手取りを減らします。表面の売却価格でなく、これらすべての後の手取りを計算しましょう。\n仲介・抵当抹消・法務費用・修繕・税・手取り。\n売却の仲介手数料が手取りを減らす。\n抵当権の抹消と登記に費用がかかる。\n修繕・法務費用・譲渡所得税がさらに手取りを減らす。\n表面の売却価格でなく手取りを計算する。\n手取りを減らすもの\n売却は無料ではありません。売却の仲介手数料(法定上限あり)、既存の抵当権の抹消と関連する登記の費用、法務・司法書士の費用、売却に必要な修繕、そして譲渡所得税がすべて手取りを減らします。表面価格では利益が出るように見える売却も、これらを数えるとずっと薄くなり得、手取りより残債が多ければ、抵当権を消すために不足分を自分で賄う必要があります。\n手取りを計算する\n売却を決めるか売り出し価格を設定する前に、手取り(売却価格から全売却費用・残債・課税される譲渡益への税を引いたもの)を出しましょう。適格な自宅の売却は、条件付きで最大3,000万円の譲渡所得控除を使え、税を大きく変え得るため、それを織り込みます。判断に効く数字は、掲載の価格でなく実際に口座に入る額です。\n押さえておきたい要点：売却の仲介手数料が手取りを減らす。抵当権の抹消と登記に費用がかかる。修繕・法務費用・譲渡所得税がさらに手取りを減らす。表面の売却価格でなく手取りを計算する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/selling-property-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-selling-tax","faq:loan-30-million-deduction"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-capital-gains-tax","guide:property-resale-value","guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3302.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"売却は、仲介手数料・抵当権抹消と登記・法務費用・修繕・譲渡所得税により手取りを減らします。表面の売却価格でなく、これらすべての後の手取りを計算しましょう。\n仲介・抵当抹消・法務費用・修繕・税・手取り。\n売却の仲介手数料が手取りを減らす。\n抵当権の抹消と登記に費用がかかる。\n修繕・法務費用・譲渡所得税がさらに手取りを減らす。\n表面の売却価格でなく手取りを計算する。\n手取りを減らすもの\n売却は無料ではありません。売却の仲介手数料(法定上限あり)、既存の抵当権の抹消と関連する登記の費用、法務・司法書士の費用、売却に必要な修繕、そして譲渡所得税がすべて手取りを減らします。表面価格では利益が出るように見える売却も、これらを数えるとずっと薄くなり得、手取りより残債が多ければ、抵当権を消すために不足分を自分で賄う必要があります。\n手取りを計算する\n売却を決めるか売り出し価格を設定する前に、手取り(売却価格から全売却費用・残債・課税される譲渡益への税を引いたもの)を出しましょう。適格な自宅の売却は、条件付きで最大3,000万円の譲渡所得控除を使え、税を大きく変え得るため、それを織り込みます。判断に効く数字は、掲載の価格でなく実際に口座に入る額です。\n押さえておきたい要点：売却の仲介手数料が手取りを減らす。抵当権の抹消と登記に費用がかかる。修繕・法務費用・譲渡所得税がさらに手取りを減らす。表面の売却価格でなく手取りを計算する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/selling-property-costs","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-capital-gains-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:property-capital-gains-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産の譲渡所得税","plainText":"譲渡所得税は、取得費・費用・特例の後の課税される譲渡益にかかり、総額ではありません。減価償却と取引費用が取得費に影響するため、売却価格−購入価格が必ずしも譲渡益ではなく、自宅の売却は3,000万円控除を使え得ます。\n取得費・認められる費用・保有期間・自宅の特例。\n税は総額でなく、取得費・費用・特例の後の課税譲渡益にかかる。\n減価償却と取引費用が取得費と譲渡益に影響する。\n保有期間が適用される扱いに影響する。\n適格な自宅の売却は3,000万円控除を使え得る。\n課税譲渡益の仕組み\n譲渡所得税は、総額でなく、認められる取得費・費用・特例の後の課税譲渡益にかかります。売却価格−購入価格が必ずしも課税譲渡益ではありません。減価償却は取得費を減らし(特に賃貸で減価償却した物件)、購入と売却の双方の認められる取引費用が計算に影響します。保有期間も重要で、一定の長期保有の住宅には別の軽減税率が適用され得ます。取得費を立証するために、売買契約・費用の証拠・リフォームの記録を保管しましょう。\n自宅の特例\n利益が出た適格な自宅の売却は、詳細な条件と他の特例との関係に服して、課税譲渡益から最大3,000万円の控除を受けられ得、一定の長期保有の住宅には別の軽減税率が適用され得ます。これらの特例は税を大きく変えるか消し得ますが、条件付きで、住宅ローン控除や制限年と相互作用し得るため、税務の助言を受けましょう。特例が適用されると仮定せず、具体的な売却と年について、税理士や国税庁に適格性を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：税は総額でなく、取得費・費用・特例の後の課税譲渡益にかかる。減価償却と取引費用が取得費と譲渡益に影響する。保有期間が適用される扱いに影響する。適格な自宅の売却は3,000万円控除を使え得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-capital-gains-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-selling-tax","faq:loan-sale-price-minus-purchase","faq:loan-30-million-deduction"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:selling-property-costs","guide:rental-property-tax","guide:taxes-when-selling-property-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3302.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"譲渡所得税は、取得費・費用・特例の後の課税される譲渡益にかかり、総額ではありません。減価償却と取引費用が取得費に影響するため、売却価格−購入価格が必ずしも譲渡益ではなく、自宅の売却は3,000万円控除を使え得ます。\n取得費・認められる費用・保有期間・自宅の特例。\n税は総額でなく、取得費・費用・特例の後の課税譲渡益にかかる。\n減価償却と取引費用が取得費と譲渡益に影響する。\n保有期間が適用される扱いに影響する。\n適格な自宅の売却は3,000万円控除を使え得る。\n課税譲渡益の仕組み\n譲渡所得税は、総額でなく、認められる取得費・費用・特例の後の課税譲渡益にかかります。売却価格−購入価格が必ずしも課税譲渡益ではありません。減価償却は取得費を減らし(特に賃貸で減価償却した物件)、購入と売却の双方の認められる取引費用が計算に影響します。保有期間も重要で、一定の長期保有の住宅には別の軽減税率が適用され得ます。取得費を立証するために、売買契約・費用の証拠・リフォームの記録を保管しましょう。\n自宅の特例\n利益が出た適格な自宅の売却は、詳細な条件と他の特例との関係に服して、課税譲渡益から最大3,000万円の控除を受けられ得、一定の長期保有の住宅には別の軽減税率が適用され得ます。これらの特例は税を大きく変えるか消し得ますが、条件付きで、住宅ローン控除や制限年と相互作用し得るため、税務の助言を受けましょう。特例が適用されると仮定せず、具体的な売却と年について、税理士や国税庁に適格性を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：税は総額でなく、取得費・費用・特例の後の課税譲渡益にかかる。減価償却と取引費用が取得費と譲渡益に影響する。保有期間が適用される扱いに影響する。適格な自宅の売却は3,000万円控除を使え得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-capital-gains-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rental-property-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:rental-property-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産オーナーの家賃収入の税","plainText":"純家賃収入は原則課税され、申告が必要です。認められる経費・減価償却・住宅ローン利息は控除できますが元金はできず、控除できる修繕と資産計上する改良を区別する必要があります。\n収入・経費・減価償却・利息・修繕と資本的支出。\n純家賃収入は原則課税され申告が必要。\n住宅ローンの支払い全額は控除できない。元金は経費でない。\n住宅ローン利息は制限と按分の下で控除され得る。\n減価償却は非現金の控除。修繕と改良は扱いが異なる。\n収入・経費・利息\n純課税不動産所得は原則申告が必要で、受け取った家賃から認められる経費を引いたものです。住宅ローンの支払い全額を家賃から控除はできません。元金は通常控除できる経費ではなく、住宅ローン利息は制限と按分の問題の下で所得税のルールで控除され得ます。認められる経費には通常、管理費・組合費・オーナー負担の光熱費・保険・固定資産税と都市計画税・客付け手数料・維持が含まれます。費用の区分が税を決めるため、明確な記録を保ちましょう。\n減価償却と修繕・改良\n減価償却は税務会計上の控除であり現金収入ではありません。建物の按分価値と耐用年数に基づき、現金支出なしに課税所得を減らすため、土地建物の按分を裏付ける必要があります。修繕と改良も区別しなければなりません。控除できる修繕は物件を維持し、資本的改良は取得費に加えられその年に全額控除でなく時間をかけて減価償却されます。この区分と減価償却を正しく行うには注意が要るため、記録を保ち、ある程度の規模の賃貸では税理士を検討しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：純家賃収入は原則課税され申告が必要。住宅ローンの支払い全額は控除できない。元金は経費でない。住宅ローン利息は制限と按分の下で控除され得る。減価償却は非現金の控除。修繕と改良は扱いが異なる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/rental-property-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-rental-income-taxable","faq:loan-deduct-mortgage-from-rent","faq:loan-interest-deductible-rental","faq:loan-depreciation-cash"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home","guide:rental-income-tax-for-landlords"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"純家賃収入は原則課税され、申告が必要です。認められる経費・減価償却・住宅ローン利息は控除できますが元金はできず、控除できる修繕と資産計上する改良を区別する必要があります。\n収入・経費・減価償却・利息・修繕と資本的支出。\n純家賃収入は原則課税され申告が必要。\n住宅ローンの支払い全額は控除できない。元金は経費でない。\n住宅ローン利息は制限と按分の下で控除され得る。\n減価償却は非現金の控除。修繕と改良は扱いが異なる。\n収入・経費・利息\n純課税不動産所得は原則申告が必要で、受け取った家賃から認められる経費を引いたものです。住宅ローンの支払い全額を家賃から控除はできません。元金は通常控除できる経費ではなく、住宅ローン利息は制限と按分の問題の下で所得税のルールで控除され得ます。認められる経費には通常、管理費・組合費・オーナー負担の光熱費・保険・固定資産税と都市計画税・客付け手数料・維持が含まれます。費用の区分が税を決めるため、明確な記録を保ちましょう。\n減価償却と修繕・改良\n減価償却は税務会計上の控除であり現金収入ではありません。建物の按分価値と耐用年数に基づき、現金支出なしに課税所得を減らすため、土地建物の按分を裏付ける必要があります。修繕と改良も区別しなければなりません。控除できる修繕は物件を維持し、資本的改良は取得費に加えられその年に全額控除でなく時間をかけて減価償却されます。この区分と減価償却を正しく行うには注意が要るため、記録を保ち、ある程度の規模の賃貸では税理士を検討しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：純家賃収入は原則課税され申告が必要。住宅ローンの支払い全額は控除できない。元金は経費でない。住宅ローン利息は制限と按分の下で控除され得る。減価償却は非現金の控除。修繕と改良は扱いが異なる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/rental-property-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-inheritance-gifts:ja","entityId":"guide:property-inheritance-gifts","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の不動産の相続・贈与","plainText":"不動産の相続・贈与は、所有権登記(改正制度で相続した土地の登記が義務化)、税のための評価、必要な場合の資金、拠出と所有が異なるときの贈与税を伴います。専門家の計画を受けましょう。\n所有権登記・評価・資金・専門家の支援。\n相続の土地登記は改正制度で義務化された。\n不動産は相続・贈与税で、払った価格でなく所定のルールで評価される。\n夫婦間の不均等な支払いは贈与税の問題を生み得る。\n所有の構造・評価・居住が結果に影響する。助言を受ける。\n登記と評価\n不動産の相続には今や登記義務が伴います。改正制度の下で相続登記の義務が適用され、確認を要する期限と経過措置があるため、相続した土地を未登記のままにしないこと。相続・贈与税では、不動産は払った価格でなく所定のルールで評価され、所有の構造と居住が結果に影響します。これらのルールは専門的で期限があるため、相続や贈与を先延ばしにせず計画すべき事柄として扱いましょう。\n所有・贈与税・助言\n所有の構造が重要です。夫婦は実際の拠出を反映した持分で所有すべきです。法的所有に対する不均等な支払いは贈与税の問題を生み得るためです。50/50は、拠出・債務・贈与税・支配・将来の売却への影響がそれを支持する場合のみ理にかないます。資金・相続・クロスボーダーの要素が絡むと、相互作用はすぐ複雑になります。所有・評価・資金・登記が正しく扱われるよう、税理士、必要に応じて弁護士や司法書士の専門的支援を受けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：相続の土地登記は改正制度で義務化された。不動産は相続・贈与税で、払った価格でなく所定のルールで評価される。夫婦間の不均等な支払いは贈与税の問題を生み得る。所有の構造・評価・居住が結果に影響する。助言を受ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-inheritance-gifts","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-inheritance-registration","faq:loan-spouses-5050","faq:loan-unequal-gift-tax"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:parent-child-relay-mortgages","guide:property-capital-gains-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Justice","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"不動産の相続・贈与は、所有権登記(改正制度で相続した土地の登記が義務化)、税のための評価、必要な場合の資金、拠出と所有が異なるときの贈与税を伴います。専門家の計画を受けましょう。\n所有権登記・評価・資金・専門家の支援。\n相続の土地登記は改正制度で義務化された。\n不動産は相続・贈与税で、払った価格でなく所定のルールで評価される。\n夫婦間の不均等な支払いは贈与税の問題を生み得る。\n所有の構造・評価・居住が結果に影響する。助言を受ける。\n登記と評価\n不動産の相続には今や登記義務が伴います。改正制度の下で相続登記の義務が適用され、確認を要する期限と経過措置があるため、相続した土地を未登記のままにしないこと。相続・贈与税では、不動産は払った価格でなく所定のルールで評価され、所有の構造と居住が結果に影響します。これらのルールは専門的で期限があるため、相続や贈与を先延ばしにせず計画すべき事柄として扱いましょう。\n所有・贈与税・助言\n所有の構造が重要です。夫婦は実際の拠出を反映した持分で所有すべきです。法的所有に対する不均等な支払いは贈与税の問題を生み得るためです。50/50は、拠出・債務・贈与税・支配・将来の売却への影響がそれを支持する場合のみ理にかないます。資金・相続・クロスボーダーの要素が絡むと、相互作用はすぐ複雑になります。所有・評価・資金・登記が正しく扱われるよう、税理士、必要に応じて弁護士や司法書士の専門的支援を受けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：相続の土地登記は改正制度で義務化された。不動産は相続・贈与税で、払った価格でなく所定のルールで評価される。夫婦間の不均等な支払いは贈与税の問題を生み得る。所有の構造・評価・居住が結果に影響する。助言を受ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-inheritance-gifts","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:consumer-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:consumer-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の消費者ローン","plainText":"貸金業者の消費者ローンは高い(多くは二桁の)金利で、年収3分の1の総量規制の対象です。短く必要で返済可能な緊急時にのみ向き、継続的な生活赤字や長寿命資産には決して向きません。\n提供者・金利・総量規制・適切な用途・危険な兆候。\n貸金業者からの高い(多くは二桁の)金利。\n年収3分の1の総量規制の対象。\n短く必要で返済可能な緊急時にのみ適する。\n継続的な生活赤字や長寿命資産の資金にしない。\n消費者ローンとは\n消費者ローンや信販会社のキャッシングは対象となる貸金業の借入で、貸金業法の総量規制の対象です。対象残高が年収の3分の1を超えると新規の貸金業者からの借入が原則制限されます。高い(多くは二桁の)金利を伴い、これは無担保・迅速な信用の代償です。本当に短い緊急時に控えめに使えば役立ち得ますが、習慣として使うと高くつき危険です。\n適切な用途と危険な兆候\n消費者ローンは、短く必要で返済可能な緊急時にのみ適し、長寿命資産(担保付きの安いローンで)や継続的な生活赤字には決して向きません。危険な兆候は、日々の不足を借りて埋める、あるローンを別のローンで借り換える、家計が赤字のままローンに頼る、ことです。月をしのぐために消費者ローンを使っているなら、問題はローンでなく家計で、さらなる高金利の債務は深めます。カードローンや消費者ローンの利用は、残高・返済負担・信用行動を通じて将来の住宅ローン審査にも響き得ることを覚えておきましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：貸金業者からの高い(多くは二桁の)金利。年収3分の1の総量規制の対象。短く必要で返済可能な緊急時にのみ適する。継続的な生活赤字や長寿命資産の資金にしない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/consumer-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-onethird-rule","faq:loan-finance-company-covered","faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:bank-card-loans","guide:consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","guide:debt-warning-signs","guide:secured-vs-unsecured"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"貸金業者の消費者ローンは高い(多くは二桁の)金利で、年収3分の1の総量規制の対象です。短く必要で返済可能な緊急時にのみ向き、継続的な生活赤字や長寿命資産には決して向きません。\n提供者・金利・総量規制・適切な用途・危険な兆候。\n貸金業者からの高い(多くは二桁の)金利。\n年収3分の1の総量規制の対象。\n短く必要で返済可能な緊急時にのみ適する。\n継続的な生活赤字や長寿命資産の資金にしない。\n消費者ローンとは\n消費者ローンや信販会社のキャッシングは対象となる貸金業の借入で、貸金業法の総量規制の対象です。対象残高が年収の3分の1を超えると新規の貸金業者からの借入が原則制限されます。高い(多くは二桁の)金利を伴い、これは無担保・迅速な信用の代償です。本当に短い緊急時に控えめに使えば役立ち得ますが、習慣として使うと高くつき危険です。\n適切な用途と危険な兆候\n消費者ローンは、短く必要で返済可能な緊急時にのみ適し、長寿命資産(担保付きの安いローンで)や継続的な生活赤字には決して向きません。危険な兆候は、日々の不足を借りて埋める、あるローンを別のローンで借り換える、家計が赤字のままローンに頼る、ことです。月をしのぐために消費者ローンを使っているなら、問題はローンでなく家計で、さらなる高金利の債務は深めます。カードローンや消費者ローンの利用は、残高・返済負担・信用行動を通じて将来の住宅ローン審査にも響き得ることを覚えておきましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：貸金業者からの高い(多くは二桁の)金利。年収3分の1の総量規制の対象。短く必要で返済可能な緊急時にのみ適する。継続的な生活赤字や長寿命資産の資金にしない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/consumer-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bank-card-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:bank-card-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"銀行カードローン","plainText":"銀行カードローンはリボ払いの無担保信用枠です。貸金業の3分の1規制の外ですが銀行は独自の限度を設け、金利は依然高いことが多く、その残高と返済行動は将来の住宅ローン審査に響き得ます。\nリボの構造・最低返済・金利・限度・住宅ローンへの影響。\n銀行のリボ払い無担保信用枠。\n貸金業の3分の1規制の外だが銀行は独自の限度を設ける。\n金利は依然高いことが多く、最低返済が残高を長引かせる。\n残高と返済行動が将来の住宅ローン審査に響き得る。\nリボの構造\n銀行カードローンは、銀行のリボ払い無担保信用枠で、限度まで引き出し柔軟に返済できます。銀行融資は貸金業の3分の1規制の外ですが、銀行は独自の返済能力の限度を設けます。金利は依然高いことが多く、低い最低返済のリボ構造が罠です。最低額だけを払うと、利息が積み上がる間、残高が何年も生き続け、管理できているように感じながら静かに大きな費用がかかります。\n住宅ローンへの影響\nカードローンの利用は、残高・返済負担率に加わる返済負担・信用行動を通じて住宅ローンの承認に響き得ます。使っていないカードローンの枠でさえ、貸し手が利用可能な信用を潜在的な債務と扱い得るため、借入余力を減らし得ます。住宅ローンを申し込む予定なら、残高を低く保ち、直前はリボ債務を避け、適切な場合は不要なリボ信用の解約を検討しましょう。銀行カードローンは限られた短期の流動性のためのもので、常設の資金源ではありません。\n押さえておきたい要点：銀行のリボ払い無担保信用枠。貸金業の3分の1規制の外だが銀行は独自の限度を設ける。金利は依然高いことが多く、最低返済が残高を長引かせる。残高と返済行動が将来の住宅ローン審査に響き得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/bank-card-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-bank-card-loan","faq:loan-card-loan-onethird","faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumer-loans","guide:consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","guide:debt-before-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"銀行カードローンはリボ払いの無担保信用枠です。貸金業の3分の1規制の外ですが銀行は独自の限度を設け、金利は依然高いことが多く、その残高と返済行動は将来の住宅ローン審査に響き得ます。\nリボの構造・最低返済・金利・限度・住宅ローンへの影響。\n銀行のリボ払い無担保信用枠。\n貸金業の3分の1規制の外だが銀行は独自の限度を設ける。\n金利は依然高いことが多く、最低返済が残高を長引かせる。\n残高と返済行動が将来の住宅ローン審査に響き得る。\nリボの構造\n銀行カードローンは、銀行のリボ払い無担保信用枠で、限度まで引き出し柔軟に返済できます。銀行融資は貸金業の3分の1規制の外ですが、銀行は独自の返済能力の限度を設けます。金利は依然高いことが多く、低い最低返済のリボ構造が罠です。最低額だけを払うと、利息が積み上がる間、残高が何年も生き続け、管理できているように感じながら静かに大きな費用がかかります。\n住宅ローンへの影響\nカードローンの利用は、残高・返済負担率に加わる返済負担・信用行動を通じて住宅ローンの承認に響き得ます。使っていないカードローンの枠でさえ、貸し手が利用可能な信用を潜在的な債務と扱い得るため、借入余力を減らし得ます。住宅ローンを申し込む予定なら、残高を低く保ち、直前はリボ債務を避け、適切な場合は不要なリボ信用の解約を検討しましょう。銀行カードローンは限られた短期の流動性のためのもので、常設の資金源ではありません。\n押さえておきたい要点：銀行のリボ払い無担保信用枠。貸金業の3分の1規制の外だが銀行は独自の限度を設ける。金利は依然高いことが多く、最低返済が残高を長引かせる。残高と返済行動が将来の住宅ローン審査に響き得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/bank-card-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:credit-company-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:credit-company-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"信販・クレジット会社のローン","plainText":"信販・クレジット会社は、原則3分の1規制の対象となる分割払いやキャッシングの信用を提供します。金利と総コストを丁寧に確認しましょう。販売時の便利さは銀行ローンより高くつくことが多いです。\n信販会社・審査・金利・総コスト・規制。\n信販会社は分割払いやキャッシングの信用を提供する。\nキャッシングは原則、3分の1規制の対象となる貸金業の借入。\n販売時の便利さは銀行ローンより高くつくことが多い。\n月々でなく金利と総コストを比較する。\n信販ローンとは\n信販・クレジット会社は、購入のための分割払い信用やキャッシングを提供し、申込者を審査しリスクに応じて価格を決めます。これらの会社のキャッシングは原則、対象となる貸金業の借入なので、年収3分の1の総量規制に算入され、分割払いの購入信用は別の構造です。便利さは信用が販売時に利用できることですが、その便利さはしばしば、事前に銀行ローンを手配するより高い総コストを伴います。\n総コストを確認する\n金利と総コストを丁寧に確認し、同じ購入について銀行ローンと比較します。低い広告の月々は、特に長期やバルーンで、高い総融資コストを隠し得ます。これらの商品は規制され信用情報機関に報告されるため、その利用は信用情報にも現れ将来の借入に影響します。会計時に提示される既定の分割払いを受け入れるのでなく、総コストを理解して意図的に使いましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：信販会社は分割払いやキャッシングの信用を提供する。キャッシングは原則、3分の1規制の対象となる貸金業の借入。販売時の便利さは銀行ローンより高くつくことが多い。月々でなく金利と総コストを比較する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/credit-company-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-finance-company-covered"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumer-loans","guide:car-loans","guide:secured-vs-unsecured"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"信販・クレジット会社は、原則3分の1規制の対象となる分割払いやキャッシングの信用を提供します。金利と総コストを丁寧に確認しましょう。販売時の便利さは銀行ローンより高くつくことが多いです。\n信販会社・審査・金利・総コスト・規制。\n信販会社は分割払いやキャッシングの信用を提供する。\nキャッシングは原則、3分の1規制の対象となる貸金業の借入。\n販売時の便利さは銀行ローンより高くつくことが多い。\n月々でなく金利と総コストを比較する。\n信販ローンとは\n信販・クレジット会社は、購入のための分割払い信用やキャッシングを提供し、申込者を審査しリスクに応じて価格を決めます。これらの会社のキャッシングは原則、対象となる貸金業の借入なので、年収3分の1の総量規制に算入され、分割払いの購入信用は別の構造です。便利さは信用が販売時に利用できることですが、その便利さはしばしば、事前に銀行ローンを手配するより高い総コストを伴います。\n総コストを確認する\n金利と総コストを丁寧に確認し、同じ購入について銀行ローンと比較します。低い広告の月々は、特に長期やバルーンで、高い総融資コストを隠し得ます。これらの商品は規制され信用情報機関に報告されるため、その利用は信用情報にも現れ将来の借入に影響します。会計時に提示される既定の分割払いを受け入れるのでなく、総コストを理解して意図的に使いましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：信販会社は分割払いやキャッシングの信用を提供する。キャッシングは原則、3分の1規制の対象となる貸金業の借入。販売時の便利さは銀行ローンより高くつくことが多い。月々でなく金利と総コストを比較する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/credit-company-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:car-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:car-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の自動車ローン","plainText":"まず車両の現金価格を交渉し、次に総コストで銀行の自動車ローンとディーラー分割を比較します。常に借換や転売ができると仮定する残価(バルーン)構造に注意し、車の耐用年数を超える期間を避けます。\n銀行ローン・ディーラー分割・残価ローン・バルーンのリスク。\n車両の現金価格を融資と別に交渉する。\n銀行の自動車ローンは利息が明確なことが多く、通常は車を所有する。\nディーラー分割は便利だが値引きと残価バルーンを抱き合わせ得る。\n車の耐用年数を超える期間を避ける。\n銀行ローンとディーラー分割\n自動車ローンは、銀行(または提携先)か、販売時に手配されるディーラー分割から得られます。銀行の自動車ローンは利息が明確なことが多く、通常は車を完全に所有します。ディーラー分割は便利で、販促値引きや、将来の車両価値を前提に月々を下げる残価(バルーン)プランが付き得ます。落とし穴は、ディーラーの値引きと融資条件がしばしば絡み合うことです。「安い」融資金利が高い車両価格を伴い得ます。\nバルーンのリスクと期間\n二つの判断を分けます。現金払いのつもりで車両の現金価格を交渉し、次にその価格に対する総融資コストで融資を比較します。残価型は、想定される将来の車両価値に一部基づいて支払いを決め、バルーンや返却条件を残します。借換や転売が常にバルーンを賄うと仮定すると危険です。車は減価資産なので、過大な車両価格・賄えないバルーン・車の耐用年数を超える期間を避けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：車両の現金価格を融資と別に交渉する。銀行の自動車ローンは利息が明確なことが多く、通常は車を所有する。ディーラー分割は便利だが値引きと残価バルーンを抱き合わせ得る。車の耐用年数を超える期間を避ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/car-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-auto-bank-loan","faq:loan-dealer-financing-cheaper","faq:loan-residual-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:bank-vs-dealer-car-loan","guide:secured-vs-unsecured"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"まず車両の現金価格を交渉し、次に総コストで銀行の自動車ローンとディーラー分割を比較します。常に借換や転売ができると仮定する残価(バルーン)構造に注意し、車の耐用年数を超える期間を避けます。\n銀行ローン・ディーラー分割・残価ローン・バルーンのリスク。\n車両の現金価格を融資と別に交渉する。\n銀行の自動車ローンは利息が明確なことが多く、通常は車を所有する。\nディーラー分割は便利だが値引きと残価バルーンを抱き合わせ得る。\n車の耐用年数を超える期間を避ける。\n銀行ローンとディーラー分割\n自動車ローンは、銀行(または提携先)か、販売時に手配されるディーラー分割から得られます。銀行の自動車ローンは利息が明確なことが多く、通常は車を完全に所有します。ディーラー分割は便利で、販促値引きや、将来の車両価値を前提に月々を下げる残価(バルーン)プランが付き得ます。落とし穴は、ディーラーの値引きと融資条件がしばしば絡み合うことです。「安い」融資金利が高い車両価格を伴い得ます。\nバルーンのリスクと期間\n二つの判断を分けます。現金払いのつもりで車両の現金価格を交渉し、次にその価格に対する総融資コストで融資を比較します。残価型は、想定される将来の車両価値に一部基づいて支払いを決め、バルーンや返却条件を残します。借換や転売が常にバルーンを賄うと仮定すると危険です。車は減価資産なので、過大な車両価格・賄えないバルーン・車の耐用年数を超える期間を避けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：車両の現金価格を融資と別に交渉する。銀行の自動車ローンは利息が明確なことが多く、通常は車を所有する。ディーラー分割は便利だが値引きと残価バルーンを抱き合わせ得る。車の耐用年数を超える期間を避ける。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/car-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:education-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:education-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の教育ローン","plainText":"教育ローンは、公的・民間のルートで学費と関連費用を賄います。現実的な返済計画で借り、親が退職を圧迫する債務を負うことや、不確実で高額なプログラムのための借入に慎重になりましょう。\n公的・民間のルート・親の借入・条件・返済。\n公的・民間のルートが学費と関連費用を賄う。\n親が借りる構造も、学生が借りる構造もある。\n現実的な返済計画と理解できる条件で借りる。\n親の退職への圧迫と、不確実で高額なプログラムに慎重になる。\n公的・民間のルート\n教育ローンは、学費と関連する教育費のための目的融資で、公的ルートと民間(銀行など)の貸し手から利用できます。親が借りて返す構造も、学生が借りる構造もあり、条件・金利・返済スケジュールはルートで異なります。具体的な需要について選択肢を比較し、誰が責任を負い返済がいつ始まるかを理解しましょう。返済を据え置く学生ローンは、現在の収入から返す親のローンとは大きく異なる挙動をします。\n現実的な計画で借りる\n教育は人的資本への支出で、そのための借入は健全になり得ますが、現実的な返済計画があってこそです。二つの状況で慎重に。親が自らの退職を圧迫する債務を負うこと、そして見返りが不明確な不確実または非常に高額なプログラムのための借入です。借入を信頼できる期待成果に合わせ、親の退職の安全を保ち、合う場合は公的・低コストのルートを優先しましょう。子の教育の感情的な重みが、その債務が返済可能かの冷静な検討を上回らないようにしましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：公的・民間のルートが学費と関連費用を賄う。親が借りる構造も、学生が借りる構造もある。現実的な返済計画と理解できる条件で借りる。親の退職への圧迫と、不確実で高額なプログラムに慎重になる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/education-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-education-loan"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:borrowing-guide","guide:debt-warning-signs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"教育ローンは、公的・民間のルートで学費と関連費用を賄います。現実的な返済計画で借り、親が退職を圧迫する債務を負うことや、不確実で高額なプログラムのための借入に慎重になりましょう。\n公的・民間のルート・親の借入・条件・返済。\n公的・民間のルートが学費と関連費用を賄う。\n親が借りる構造も、学生が借りる構造もある。\n現実的な返済計画と理解できる条件で借りる。\n親の退職への圧迫と、不確実で高額なプログラムに慎重になる。\n公的・民間のルート\n教育ローンは、学費と関連する教育費のための目的融資で、公的ルートと民間(銀行など)の貸し手から利用できます。親が借りて返す構造も、学生が借りる構造もあり、条件・金利・返済スケジュールはルートで異なります。具体的な需要について選択肢を比較し、誰が責任を負い返済がいつ始まるかを理解しましょう。返済を据え置く学生ローンは、現在の収入から返す親のローンとは大きく異なる挙動をします。\n現実的な計画で借りる\n教育は人的資本への支出で、そのための借入は健全になり得ますが、現実的な返済計画があってこそです。二つの状況で慎重に。親が自らの退職を圧迫する債務を負うこと、そして見返りが不明確な不確実または非常に高額なプログラムのための借入です。借入を信頼できる期待成果に合わせ、親の退職の安全を保ち、合う場合は公的・低コストのルートを優先しましょう。子の教育の感情的な重みが、その債務が返済可能かの冷静な検討を上回らないようにしましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：公的・民間のルートが学費と関連費用を賄う。親が借りる構造も、学生が借りる構造もある。現実的な返済計画と理解できる条件で借りる。親の退職への圧迫と、不確実で高額なプログラムに慎重になる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/education-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sole-proprietor-business-loans:ja","entityId":"guide:sole-proprietor-business-loans","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"個人事業主の事業ローン","plainText":"個人事業主は、確定申告・決算・事業目的の分析を使い、生産的な運転資金や設備のための事業ローンを得られますが、成り立たない事業を支えるために自宅の担保価値を使ってはいけません。\n確定申告・運転資金・設備・保証・自宅担保のリスク。\n審査は確定申告・決算・事業目的の分析を使う。\n損失の穴埋めでなく、生産的な運転資金や設備に最適。\n保証や個人責任が一般的。理解する。\n成り立たない事業を支えるために自宅の担保価値を使わない。\n審査の仕組み\n個人事業主は、決算・確定申告・事業目的の分析を使って事業ローンを得られます。貸し手は事業の健全性と資金の生産的な用途を評価します。収入を生む運転資金や設備が適切な用途です。貸し手は複数年の申告を見て事業の安定性と継続性を検討するため、借入が単に穴を埋めるのでなくどうリターンを生むかを説明できるようにしましょう。\n自宅担保のリスク\n特有の危険は、成り立たない事業を支えるために自宅の担保価値を使うことです。不動産担保ローンや個人保証は、事業のリスクを住まいを失うリスクに変え得、うまくいかない事業に借りたお金を注ぐことは、通常は損失を救うのでなく深めます。署名前に保証と個人責任を理解し、可能な限り事業と家計の財務を分け、事業が成り立つかを自分に正直に問いましょう。ローンは壊れた事業モデルを直せません。\n押さえておきたい要点：審査は確定申告・決算・事業目的の分析を使う。損失の穴埋めでなく、生産的な運転資金や設備に最適。保証や個人責任が一般的。理解する。成り立たない事業を支えるために自宅の担保価値を使わない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/sole-proprietor-business-loans","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-sole-proprietor-business"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-secured-loans","guide:employment-mortgage-approval","guide:debt-warning-signs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"個人事業主は、確定申告・決算・事業目的の分析を使い、生産的な運転資金や設備のための事業ローンを得られますが、成り立たない事業を支えるために自宅の担保価値を使ってはいけません。\n確定申告・運転資金・設備・保証・自宅担保のリスク。\n審査は確定申告・決算・事業目的の分析を使う。\n損失の穴埋めでなく、生産的な運転資金や設備に最適。\n保証や個人責任が一般的。理解する。\n成り立たない事業を支えるために自宅の担保価値を使わない。\n審査の仕組み\n個人事業主は、決算・確定申告・事業目的の分析を使って事業ローンを得られます。貸し手は事業の健全性と資金の生産的な用途を評価します。収入を生む運転資金や設備が適切な用途です。貸し手は複数年の申告を見て事業の安定性と継続性を検討するため、借入が単に穴を埋めるのでなくどうリターンを生むかを説明できるようにしましょう。\n自宅担保のリスク\n特有の危険は、成り立たない事業を支えるために自宅の担保価値を使うことです。不動産担保ローンや個人保証は、事業のリスクを住まいを失うリスクに変え得、うまくいかない事業に借りたお金を注ぐことは、通常は損失を救うのでなく深めます。署名前に保証と個人責任を理解し、可能な限り事業と家計の財務を分け、事業が成り立つかを自分に正直に問いましょう。ローンは壊れた事業モデルを直せません。\n押さえておきたい要点：審査は確定申告・決算・事業目的の分析を使う。損失の穴埋めでなく、生産的な運転資金や設備に最適。保証や個人責任が一般的。理解する。成り立たない事業を支えるために自宅の担保価値を使わない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/sole-proprietor-business-loans","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:secured-vs-unsecured:ja","entityId":"guide:secured-vs-unsecured","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"担保付きローンと無担保ローン","plainText":"担保付きは担保を差し入れ、低金利・長期の代わりに債務不履行で資産を失うリスクがあります。無担保は担保不要ですがはるかに高くつきます。ローンを買うものの寿命に合わせ、長寿命資産を短期・高金利の債務で賄わないこと。\nコスト・期間・担保・審査・債務不履行の帰結。\n担保付き：低金利・長期だが債務不履行で資産が危険。\n無担保：担保不要だがはるかに高金利・短期。\nローンの期間とコストを買うものの寿命に合わせる。\n長寿命資産を短期・高金利の債務で賄わない。\n中核の違い\n担保付きローンは担保(最も重要なのは不動産への抵当権登記)を差し入れます。だからこそ住宅ローンや不動産担保ローンは最低金利・最長期間です。その安い信用の代償は担保リスクで、債務不履行は強制執行と資産の喪失を招き得ます。無担保ローン(カードローンや消費者ローン)は登記された担保が不要なので速く、特定の資産を賭けませんが、はるかに高い(多くは二桁の)金利と短い期間を伴います。\nローンを買うものに合わせる\n実務的なルールは、ローンの期間とコストを買うものの寿命に合わせることです。住まいのような長寿命資産は長期の担保付きローンに、短期の必要な支出は短い無担保ローンで素早く返すのに向きます。決してしてはいけないのは、長寿命資産(または継続的な生活赤字)を短期・高金利の無担保債務で賄うことです。コストが複利で膨らみ、不整合が罠になります。各々の債務不履行の帰結を理解しましょう。無担保の不履行は信用を毀損し、担保付きの不履行は資産を失わせなお不足額を残し得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：担保付き：低金利・長期だが債務不履行で資産が危険。無担保：担保不要だがはるかに高金利・短期。ローンの期間とコストを買うものの寿命に合わせる。長寿命資産を短期・高金利の債務で賄わない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/secured-vs-unsecured","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured","faq:loan-secure-consumer-spending"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-loans-work","guide:property-secured-loans","guide:consumer-loans"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"担保付きは担保を差し入れ、低金利・長期の代わりに債務不履行で資産を失うリスクがあります。無担保は担保不要ですがはるかに高くつきます。ローンを買うものの寿命に合わせ、長寿命資産を短期・高金利の債務で賄わないこと。\nコスト・期間・担保・審査・債務不履行の帰結。\n担保付き：低金利・長期だが債務不履行で資産が危険。\n無担保：担保不要だがはるかに高金利・短期。\nローンの期間とコストを買うものの寿命に合わせる。\n長寿命資産を短期・高金利の債務で賄わない。\n中核の違い\n担保付きローンは担保(最も重要なのは不動産への抵当権登記)を差し入れます。だからこそ住宅ローンや不動産担保ローンは最低金利・最長期間です。その安い信用の代償は担保リスクで、債務不履行は強制執行と資産の喪失を招き得ます。無担保ローン(カードローンや消費者ローン)は登記された担保が不要なので速く、特定の資産を賭けませんが、はるかに高い(多くは二桁の)金利と短い期間を伴います。\nローンを買うものに合わせる\n実務的なルールは、ローンの期間とコストを買うものの寿命に合わせることです。住まいのような長寿命資産は長期の担保付きローンに、短期の必要な支出は短い無担保ローンで素早く返すのに向きます。決してしてはいけないのは、長寿命資産(または継続的な生活赤字)を短期・高金利の無担保債務で賄うことです。コストが複利で膨らみ、不整合が罠になります。各々の債務不履行の帰結を理解しましょう。無担保の不履行は信用を毀損し、担保付きの不履行は資産を失わせなお不足額を残し得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：担保付き：低金利・長期だが債務不履行で資産が危険。無担保：担保不要だがはるかに高金利・短期。ローンの期間とコストを買うものの寿命に合わせる。長寿命資産を短期・高金利の債務で賄わない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/secured-vs-unsecured","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:debt-warning-signs:ja","entityId":"guide:debt-warning-signs","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"危険な借金の使い方","plainText":"最も明確な危険信号は、継続的な生活赤字を借りて埋める、あるローンを別で借り換える、粗利回りや将来の借換で投機的な不動産を買う、不確実な賞与で返済能力を組む、ことです。\n生活赤字・借換の連鎖・投機的な不動産・賞与依存。\n継続的な生活赤字を借りて埋めるのは危険信号。\n生き延びるために別のローンで借り換えると問題が膨らむ。\n粗利回りや将来の借換で買う投機的な不動産は危険。\n不確実な賞与で返済能力を組むのは脆い。\n危険な兆候\nある種の借金の使い方は確実に問題を招きます。継続的な生活赤字を借りて埋めるのは、家計が赤字で借金がそれを覆い隠しているということ。支払いを続けるために別のローンで借り換えるのは、残高を膨らませる連鎖。純キャッシュフローでなく粗利回りで投機的な不動産を買う、または取引成立を将来の借換に頼るのは、崩れ得る仮定への賭け。不確実な賞与で返済能力を組むのは、賞与が縮むとさらされる。いずれも、借金では解決できない問題の解決策として借金を扱っています。\n代わりにすること\nこれらの兆候に気づいたら、答えはさらなる借入ではありません。構造的な赤字にならないよう家計を直す。住宅ローンや生活の不足を高金利の消費者信用で埋めない。投資は粗利回りや期待する借換でなく現実的な純数字で採算を見る。返済能力は安定した基本収入に基づき、賞与は賞与として扱う。すでに深刻なら、借り直して清算を先延ばしにするのでなく、早めに独立した助言(貸し手・公的な相談窓口・専門家)を受けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：継続的な生活赤字を借りて埋めるのは危険信号。生き延びるために別のローンで借り換えると問題が膨らむ。粗利回りや将来の借換で買う投機的な不動産は危険。不確実な賞与で返済能力を組むのは脆い。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/debt-warning-signs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-borrow-down-payment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:borrowing-guide","guide:consumer-loans","guide:debt-before-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"最も明確な危険信号は、継続的な生活赤字を借りて埋める、あるローンを別で借り換える、粗利回りや将来の借換で投機的な不動産を買う、不確実な賞与で返済能力を組む、ことです。\n生活赤字・借換の連鎖・投機的な不動産・賞与依存。\n継続的な生活赤字を借りて埋めるのは危険信号。\n生き延びるために別のローンで借り換えると問題が膨らむ。\n粗利回りや将来の借換で買う投機的な不動産は危険。\n不確実な賞与で返済能力を組むのは脆い。\n危険な兆候\nある種の借金の使い方は確実に問題を招きます。継続的な生活赤字を借りて埋めるのは、家計が赤字で借金がそれを覆い隠しているということ。支払いを続けるために別のローンで借り換えるのは、残高を膨らませる連鎖。純キャッシュフローでなく粗利回りで投機的な不動産を買う、または取引成立を将来の借換に頼るのは、崩れ得る仮定への賭け。不確実な賞与で返済能力を組むのは、賞与が縮むとさらされる。いずれも、借金では解決できない問題の解決策として借金を扱っています。\n代わりにすること\nこれらの兆候に気づいたら、答えはさらなる借入ではありません。構造的な赤字にならないよう家計を直す。住宅ローンや生活の不足を高金利の消費者信用で埋めない。投資は粗利回りや期待する借換でなく現実的な純数字で採算を見る。返済能力は安定した基本収入に基づき、賞与は賞与として扱う。すでに深刻なら、借り直して清算を先延ばしにするのでなく、早めに独立した助言(貸し手・公的な相談窓口・専門家)を受けましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：継続的な生活赤字を借りて埋めるのは危険信号。生き延びるために別のローンで借り換えると問題が膨らむ。粗利回りや将来の借換で買う投機的な不動産は危険。不確実な賞与で返済能力を組むのは脆い。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/debt-warning-signs","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:loan-application-checklist:ja","entityId":"guide:loan-application-checklist","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ローン申込の準備","plainText":"申込前に、CIC・JICCの信用情報を確認し、すべての債務とリボの枠を棚卸し、収入と税の書類を揃え、照会の集中や直近の転職・新規債務を避けるよう申込の時期を計ります。\n信用情報・債務の棚卸・書類・申込の時期。\n申込前にCIC・JICCの信用情報の問題を確認する。\nすべての債務とリボの枠を棚卸する。未使用の枠も余力を減らす。\n申告と一致する収入・税の書類を揃える。\n照会の集中や直近の変化を避けるよう申込時期を計る。\n記録と債務の棚卸\nまず自分の信用情報をCIC・JICCで確認しましょう。特に延滞・本人情報の一致・古い口座に疑いがあるなら、申込前のほうが問題を訂正しやすいです。次にすべての債務とリボの信用枠を棚卸します。貸し手は返済負担率にそれらを算入し、使っていないカードローンの枠でも借入余力を減らし得るためです。適切な場合は不要なリボ信用を解約し、比率を圧迫する残高を返済しましょう。\n書類と時期\n収入と税の書類(源泉徴収票・課税証明、自営は確定申告)を揃え、申告と一致させましょう。事前審査と最終書類の相違は否決を招き得るためです。申込直前の照会の集中(申込照会は記録され、CICでは6か月)を避け、直近の転職や新規借入(ファイルを弱める)を避けるよう時期を計ります。最も安全な最初の一歩は、保守的な予算・信用の確認・比較のためのいくつかの日付入りローン試算です。\n押さえておきたい要点：申込前にCIC・JICCの信用情報の問題を確認する。すべての債務とリボの枠を棚卸する。未使用の枠も余力を減らす。申告と一致する収入・税の書類を揃える。照会の集中や直近の変化を避けるよう申込時期を計る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/loan-application-checklist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-check-own-credit","faq:loan-multiple-applications","faq:loan-after-decline"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:credit-records-japan","guide:debt-before-mortgage","guide:mortgage-document-checklist"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社日本信用情報機構","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"申込前に、CIC・JICCの信用情報を確認し、すべての債務とリボの枠を棚卸し、収入と税の書類を揃え、照会の集中や直近の転職・新規債務を避けるよう申込の時期を計ります。\n信用情報・債務の棚卸・書類・申込の時期。\n申込前にCIC・JICCの信用情報の問題を確認する。\nすべての債務とリボの枠を棚卸する。未使用の枠も余力を減らす。\n申告と一致する収入・税の書類を揃える。\n照会の集中や直近の変化を避けるよう申込時期を計る。\n記録と債務の棚卸\nまず自分の信用情報をCIC・JICCで確認しましょう。特に延滞・本人情報の一致・古い口座に疑いがあるなら、申込前のほうが問題を訂正しやすいです。次にすべての債務とリボの信用枠を棚卸します。貸し手は返済負担率にそれらを算入し、使っていないカードローンの枠でも借入余力を減らし得るためです。適切な場合は不要なリボ信用を解約し、比率を圧迫する残高を返済しましょう。\n書類と時期\n収入と税の書類(源泉徴収票・課税証明、自営は確定申告)を揃え、申告と一致させましょう。事前審査と最終書類の相違は否決を招き得るためです。申込直前の照会の集中(申込照会は記録され、CICでは6か月)を避け、直近の転職や新規借入(ファイルを弱める)を避けるよう時期を計ります。最も安全な最初の一歩は、保守的な予算・信用の確認・比較のためのいくつかの日付入りローン試算です。\n押さえておきたい要点：申込前にCIC・JICCの信用情報の問題を確認する。すべての債務とリボの枠を棚卸する。未使用の枠も余力を減らす。申告と一致する収入・税の書類を揃える。照会の集中や直近の変化を避けるよう申込時期を計る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/loan-application-checklist","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:debt-before-mortgage:ja","entityId":"guide:debt-before-mortgage","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"借入が住宅ローン審査に与える影響","plainText":"既存の債務は返済負担率を通じて承認される住宅ローン額を減らし、使っていないカードの枠・自動車ローン・リボ残高・直近の申込もすべて不利に働き得ます。申込前に整理しましょう。\nカードの枠・自動車ローン・リボ残高・新規申込・返済。\n既存の債務は返済負担率を通じて承認される住宅ローン額を減らす。\n使っていないカードローンの枠でも借入余力を減らし得る。\n自動車ローンやリボ残高が不利に働く。\n直近の申込や新規債務はファイルを弱める。先に整理する。\n既存の債務がどう効くか\n住宅ローンの貸し手は、返済負担率(年間返済額÷審査対象の収入)に既存の債務を算入するため、自動車ローン・リボのカードローン残高・その他の債務は、承認される住宅ローン額を直接減らします。使っていないカードローンの枠でも余力を減らし得ます。貸し手が利用可能な信用を潜在的な債務と扱い得るためです。すでに割り当てられた余力が多いほど、住宅ローンに残る分は少なくなります。\n申込前に整理する\n住宅ローンを申し込む前に、債務の状況を整理しましょう。リボ残高を返済または解約し、不要なカードローンの枠の解約を検討し、直前に新しい自動車ローンや他の債務を負うのを避けます。新規申込の集中を避けましょう。照会は記録され困窮に見え得るためです。事前審査から決済までの間に新しい信用を開かないこと。目標は、低い返済負担率・きれいな信用情報・疑問を招く直近の変化がない状態で審査に臨むことです。\n押さえておきたい要点：既存の債務は返済負担率を通じて承認される住宅ローン額を減らす。使っていないカードローンの枠でも借入余力を減らし得る。自動車ローンやリボ残高が不利に働く。直近の申込や新規債務はファイルを弱める。先に整理する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/debt-before-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage","faq:loan-multiple-applications","faq:loan-borrow-down-payment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:loan-application-checklist","guide:credit-records-japan","guide:debt-to-income-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社日本信用情報機構","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"既存の債務は返済負担率を通じて承認される住宅ローン額を減らし、使っていないカードの枠・自動車ローン・リボ残高・直近の申込もすべて不利に働き得ます。申込前に整理しましょう。\nカードの枠・自動車ローン・リボ残高・新規申込・返済。\n既存の債務は返済負担率を通じて承認される住宅ローン額を減らす。\n使っていないカードローンの枠でも借入余力を減らし得る。\n自動車ローンやリボ残高が不利に働く。\n直近の申込や新規債務はファイルを弱める。先に整理する。\n既存の債務がどう効くか\n住宅ローンの貸し手は、返済負担率(年間返済額÷審査対象の収入)に既存の債務を算入するため、自動車ローン・リボのカードローン残高・その他の債務は、承認される住宅ローン額を直接減らします。使っていないカードローンの枠でも余力を減らし得ます。貸し手が利用可能な信用を潜在的な債務と扱い得るためです。すでに割り当てられた余力が多いほど、住宅ローンに残る分は少なくなります。\n申込前に整理する\n住宅ローンを申し込む前に、債務の状況を整理しましょう。リボ残高を返済または解約し、不要なカードローンの枠の解約を検討し、直前に新しい自動車ローンや他の債務を負うのを避けます。新規申込の集中を避けましょう。照会は記録され困窮に見え得るためです。事前審査から決済までの間に新しい信用を開かないこと。目標は、低い返済負担率・きれいな信用情報・疑問を招く直近の変化がない状態で審査に臨むことです。\n押さえておきたい要点：既存の債務は返済負担率を通じて承認される住宅ローン額を減らす。使っていないカードローンの枠でも借入余力を減らし得る。自動車ローンやリボ残高が不利に働く。直近の申込や新規債務はファイルを弱める。先に整理する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/debt-before-mortgage","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローンFAQ","plainText":"このハブは、日本で住宅ローンを組み管理する際の最もよくある質問に答えます。\n日本の住宅ローンの仕組み・金利・手数料・審査・返済に関するよくある質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、日本で住宅ローンを組み管理する際の最もよくある質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある22件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（日本の住宅ローンの仕組み・金利・手数料・審査・返済に関するよくある質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-how-many-lenders","faq:loan-what-apr","faq:loan-total-cost","faq:loan-what-base-rate","faq:loan-what-preferential","faq:loan-discount-disappear","faq:loan-what-fixed","faq:loan-what-variable","faq:loan-what-collateral","faq:loan-what-guarantee-company","faq:loan-guarantee-erase-debt","faq:loan-what-amortization","faq:loan-level-principal-interest","faq:loan-level-principal","faq:loan-what-early-repayment","faq:loan-early-always-best","faq:loan-term-vs-payment-reduction","faq:loan-online-early-free","faq:loan-late-payment","faq:loan-borrow-maximum"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgages-japan","guide:borrowing-guide","guide:mortgage-rates","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"このハブは、日本で住宅ローンを組み管理する際の最もよくある質問に答えます。\n日本の住宅ローンの仕組み・金利・手数料・審査・返済に関するよくある質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、日本で住宅ローンを組み管理する際の最もよくある質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある22件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（日本の住宅ローンの仕組み・金利・手数料・審査・返済に関するよくある質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreigner-mortgage-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:foreigner-mortgage-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人の住宅ローンFAQ","plainText":"このハブは、外国人居住者が日本での購入と融資について最もよく尋ねる質問に答えます。\n永住・非永住のルート・言語・配偶者・書類・英語対応に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、外国人居住者が日本での購入と融資について最もよく尋ねる質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある11件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（永住・非永住のルート・言語・配偶者・書類・英語対応に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/foreigner-mortgage-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-buy-foreigner","faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-pr-mandatory","faq:loan-pr-still-helpful","faq:loan-japanese-spouse","faq:loan-english-support","faq:loan-japanese-language","faq:loan-no-japanese-guarantor","faq:loan-overseas-income","faq:loan-income-documents","faq:loan-borrow-down-payment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:foreigner-mortgage-checker"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Suruga Bank","url":"https://www.surugabank.co.jp/surugabank/kojin/loan/housing/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"このハブは、外国人居住者が日本での購入と融資について最もよく尋ねる質問に答えます。\n永住・非永住のルート・言語・配偶者・書類・英語対応に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、外国人居住者が日本での購入と融資について最もよく尋ねる質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある11件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（永住・非永住のルート・言語・配偶者・書類・英語対応に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/foreigner-mortgage-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-approval-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-approval-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン審査・雇用FAQ","plainText":"このハブは、貸し手がどう審査し、なぜ承認が成否を分けるかに関する質問に答えます。\n事前審査・本審査・雇用形態・信用情報・収入書類に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、貸し手がどう審査し、なぜ承認が成否を分けるかに関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある19件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（事前審査・本審査・雇用形態・信用情報・収入書類に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-approval-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-preapproval","faq:loan-what-final-approval","faq:loan-approval-fail","faq:loan-preapproval-valid","faq:loan-preapproval-final","faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval","faq:loan-change-jobs","faq:loan-job-changer","faq:loan-probationary","faq:loan-contract-employee","faq:loan-sole-proprietor","faq:loan-years-income-history","faq:loan-bonus-income","faq:loan-credit-record","faq:loan-check-own-credit","faq:loan-multiple-applications","faq:loan-serious-records-remain","faq:loan-after-decline","faq:loan-income-documents"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:preapproval-final-approval","guide:employment-mortgage-approval","guide:credit-records-japan","guide:mortgage-income-documents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社日本信用情報機構","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"このハブは、貸し手がどう審査し、なぜ承認が成否を分けるかに関する質問に答えます。\n事前審査・本審査・雇用形態・信用情報・収入書類に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、貸し手がどう審査し、なぜ承認が成否を分けるかに関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある19件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（事前審査・本審査・雇用形態・信用情報・収入書類に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-approval-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-rates-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-rates-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"金利・返済FAQ","plainText":"このハブは、金利がどう決まり、どう変わり、返済がどう機能するかに関する質問に答えます。\n基準・優遇金利、変動金利のルール、返済方法に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、金利がどう決まり、どう変わり、返済がどう機能するかに関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある20件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（基準・優遇金利、変動金利のルール、返済方法に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-rates-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-base-rate","faq:loan-what-preferential","faq:loan-discount-disappear","faq:loan-what-fixed","faq:loan-what-variable","faq:loan-variable-change-frequency","faq:loan-five-year-rule","faq:loan-125-rule","faq:loan-all-variable-rules","faq:loan-unpaid-interest","faq:loan-variable-risky","faq:loan-rate-rise","faq:loan-fixed-risk-free","faq:loan-fixed-period","faq:loan-after-fixed-period","faq:loan-what-mixed","faq:loan-mixing-reduce-risk","faq:loan-what-amortization","faq:loan-level-principal-interest","faq:loan-level-principal"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:interest-rates","guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:five-year-125-percent-rule","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"このハブは、金利がどう決まり、どう変わり、返済がどう機能するかに関する質問に答えます。\n基準・優遇金利、変動金利のルール、返済方法に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、金利がどう決まり、どう変わり、返済がどう機能するかに関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある20件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（基準・優遇金利、変動金利のルール、返済方法に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-rates-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:flat-35-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:flat-35-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35FAQ","plainText":"このハブは、全期間固定のフラット35に関する最もよくある質問に答えます。\nフラット35とは何か、要件、物件基準、優遇制度に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、全期間固定のフラット35に関する最もよくある質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある11件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（フラット35とは何か、要件、物件基準、優遇制度に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/flat-35-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-flat35","faq:loan-flat35-government","faq:loan-flat35-always-35","faq:loan-flat35-same-everywhere","faq:loan-flat35-used-home","faq:loan-flat35-second-home","faq:loan-flat35-investment","faq:loan-what-flat35s","faq:loan-what-flat35-child","faq:loan-flat35-discounts-permanent","faq:loan-flat35-ratios"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:flat-35","guide:flat-35s","guide:flat-35-child-rearing-plus","guide:flat-35-vs-bank-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ARUHI Corporation","url":"https://www.aruhi-corp.co.jp/flat35/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"このハブは、全期間固定のフラット35に関する最もよくある質問に答えます。\nフラット35とは何か、要件、物件基準、優遇制度に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、全期間固定のフラット35に関する最もよくある質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある11件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（フラット35とは何か、要件、物件基準、優遇制度に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/flat-35-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:buying-property-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:buying-property-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産購入プロセスFAQ","plainText":"このハブは、日本で不動産を買う段階的なプロセスに関する質問に答えます。\n買付・契約・手付・住宅ローン特約・決済・必要現金に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、日本で不動産を買う段階的なプロセスに関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある14件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（買付・契約・手付・住宅ローン特約・決済・必要現金に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/buying-property-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-fees-outside-price","faq:loan-earnest-extra-cost","faq:loan-earnest-money-size","faq:loan-financing-clause","faq:loan-deposit-returned","faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval","faq:loan-brokerage-commission","faq:loan-developer-brokerage","faq:loan-judicial-scrivener","faq:loan-all-savings-down","faq:loan-how-much-down","faq:loan-zero-down-safe","faq:loan-records-keep"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:buying-property-japan","guide:property-buying-checklist","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:mortgage-financing-clause"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"このハブは、日本で不動産を買う段階的なプロセスに関する質問に答えます。\n買付・契約・手付・住宅ローン特約・決済・必要現金に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、日本で不動産を買う段階的なプロセスに関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある14件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（買付・契約・手付・住宅ローン特約・決済・必要現金に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/buying-property-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-inspection-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:property-inspection-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"物件の状態・検査FAQ","plainText":"このハブは、物件の状態・適法性・リスクの評価に関する質問に答えます。\n検査・瑕疵・耐震基準・ハザードマップ・物件の形態に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、物件の状態・適法性・リスクの評価に関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある19件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（検査・瑕疵・耐震基準・ハザードマップ・物件の形態に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-inspection-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-inspection","faq:loan-inspection-guarantee","faq:loan-who-selects-inspector","faq:loan-defect-insurance","faq:loan-new-seismic","faq:loan-avoid-pre-1981","faq:loan-hazard-map","faq:loan-outside-hazard-zone","faq:loan-what-freehold","faq:loan-what-leasehold","faq:loan-leasehold-bad","faq:loan-fixed-term-leasehold","faq:loan-non-rebuildable","faq:loan-mortgage-non-rebuildable","faq:loan-vacant-house","faq:loan-vacant-cheap-renovate","faq:loan-stigmatized","faq:loan-disclose-forever","faq:loan-condo-check"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:earthquake-standards","guide:hazard-maps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true},{"publisher":"国土交通省","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"このハブは、物件の状態・適法性・リスクの評価に関する質問に答えます。\n検査・瑕疵・耐震基準・ハザードマップ・物件の形態に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、物件の状態・適法性・リスクの評価に関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある19件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（検査・瑕疵・耐震基準・ハザードマップ・物件の形態に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-inspection-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-cost-tax-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:property-cost-tax-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産の費用・税金FAQ","plainText":"このハブは、不動産の購入・保有・売却の費用と税金に関する質問に答えます。\n諸費用・登記・取得税・固定資産税・住宅ローン控除に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、不動産の購入・保有・売却の費用と税金に関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある16件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（諸費用・登記・取得税・固定資産税・住宅ローン控除に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-cost-tax-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fees-outside-price","faq:loan-registration-tax","faq:loan-acquisition-tax","faq:loan-fixed-asset-tax","faq:loan-city-planning-tax","faq:loan-prorate-fixed-asset","faq:loan-mortgage-tax-deduction","faq:loan-deduction-automatic","faq:loan-deduction-income-limit","faq:loan-file-first-year","faq:loan-selling-tax","faq:loan-sale-price-minus-purchase","faq:loan-30-million-deduction","faq:loan-inheritance-registration","faq:loan-spouses-5050","faq:loan-unequal-gift-tax"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-closing-costs","guide:fixed-asset-tax","guide:mortgage-tax-deduction","guide:property-capital-gains-tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"東京都主税局","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"このハブは、不動産の購入・保有・売却の費用と税金に関する質問に答えます。\n諸費用・登記・取得税・固定資産税・住宅ローン控除に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、不動産の購入・保有・売却の費用と税金に関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある16件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（諸費用・登記・取得税・固定資産税・住宅ローン控除に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-cost-tax-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:homeownership-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:homeownership-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅保有・賃貸・売却FAQ","plainText":"このハブは、日本で家を持つ継続的な義務と選択肢に関する質問に答えます。\n管理費・積立金・保険・賃貸化・民泊・海外転居に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、日本で家を持つ継続的な義務と選択肢に関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある18件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（管理費・積立金・保険・賃貸化・民泊・海外転居に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/homeownership-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-fees","faq:loan-repair-reserve","faq:loan-reserve-rise","faq:loan-special-assessment","faq:loan-renovate-condo","faq:loan-replace-windows","faq:loan-pets","faq:loan-rent-out-mortgaged","faq:loan-airbnb-condo","faq:loan-180-days","faq:loan-move-overseas","faq:loan-leave-vacant","faq:loan-emergency-cash-owner","faq:loan-fire-insurance-mandatory","faq:loan-fire-earthquake-fire","faq:loan-earthquake-rebuild","faq:loan-condo-earthquake","faq:loan-bundle-insurance"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:homeownership-japan","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home","guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"このハブは、日本で家を持つ継続的な義務と選択肢に関する質問に答えます。\n管理費・積立金・保険・賃貸化・民泊・海外転居に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、日本で家を持つ継続的な義務と選択肢に関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある18件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（管理費・積立金・保険・賃貸化・民泊・海外転居に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/homeownership-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-investment-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:property-investment-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産投資FAQ","plainText":"このハブは、日本の不動産を投資として採算評価することに関する質問に答えます。\n利回り・NOI・DSCR・居住偽装・売却など不動産投資に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、日本の不動産を投資として採算評価することに関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある16件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（利回り・NOI・DSCR・居住偽装・売却など不動産投資に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-investment-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-good-investment","faq:loan-tokyo-liquid","faq:loan-regional-yields","faq:loan-gross-yield","faq:loan-residential-for-investment","faq:loan-misstate-occupancy","faq:loan-what-apartment-loan","faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse","faq:loan-estimate-resale","faq:loan-homes-depreciate","faq:loan-station-distance","faq:loan-resale-difficult","faq:loan-rental-income-taxable","faq:loan-deduct-mortgage-from-rent","faq:loan-interest-deductible-rental","faq:loan-depreciation-cash"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:investment-property-loans","guide:home-vs-investment-property","guide:property-investment-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"このハブは、日本の不動産を投資として採算評価することに関する質問に答えます。\n利回り・NOI・DSCR・居住偽装・売却など不動産投資に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、日本の不動産を投資として採算評価することに関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある16件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（利回り・NOI・DSCR・居住偽装・売却など不動産投資に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-investment-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:consumer-loan-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:consumer-loan-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"消費者ローン・カードローンFAQ","plainText":"このハブは、高金利の消費者信用と、それが住宅ローンに与える影響に関する質問に答えます。\n消費者ローン・銀行カードローン・総量規制・住宅ローンへの影響に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、高金利の消費者信用と、それが住宅ローンに与える影響に関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある8件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（消費者ローン・銀行カードローン・総量規制・住宅ローンへの影響に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/consumer-loan-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-bank-card-loan","faq:loan-card-loan-onethird","faq:loan-finance-company-covered","faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage","faq:loan-onethird-rule","faq:loan-borrow-down-payment","faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured","faq:loan-secure-consumer-spending"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:consumer-loans","guide:bank-card-loans","guide:consumer-vs-bank-card-loan","guide:debt-before-mortgage"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"このハブは、高金利の消費者信用と、それが住宅ローンに与える影響に関する質問に答えます。\n消費者ローン・銀行カードローン・総量規制・住宅ローンへの影響に関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、高金利の消費者信用と、それが住宅ローンに与える影響に関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある8件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（消費者ローン・銀行カードローン・総量規制・住宅ローンへの影響に関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/consumer-loan-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:car-education-loan-faq:ja","entityId":"guide:car-education-loan-faq","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"自動車ローン・教育ローンFAQ","plainText":"このハブは、日本の自動車ローンと教育ローンに関する質問に答えます。\n銀行とディーラーの自動車ローン、残価プラン、教育ローンに関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、日本の自動車ローンと教育ローンに関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある6件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（銀行とディーラーの自動車ローン、残価プラン、教育ローンに関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/car-education-loan-faq","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-auto-bank-loan","faq:loan-dealer-financing-cheaper","faq:loan-residual-value","faq:loan-what-education-loan","faq:loan-sole-proprietor-business","faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:car-loans","guide:education-loans","guide:bank-vs-dealer-car-loan","guide:sole-proprietor-business-loans"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"このハブは、日本の自動車ローンと教育ローンに関する質問に答えます。\n銀行とディーラーの自動車ローン、残価プラン、教育ローンに関する質問。\nよくある質問への直接の答え。各項目は詳細ガイドに繋がります。\n答えは金利が上がった2026年の環境と確認済みの情報を反映します。\n完全な判断には、リンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使ってください。\n教育目的のみ。重要な判断は該当の専門家に確認を。\nこのFAQハブについて\nこのハブは、日本の自動車ローンと教育ローンに関する質問に答えます。 この話題で最もよくある6件の質問を集め、それぞれに短く直接的な答えと、詳しく扱うガイドへのリンクを付けています（銀行とディーラーの自動車ローン、残価プラン、教育ローンに関する質問）。\n答えは、以前のゼロ金利ではなく、金利が上がった2026年の環境を反映します。2026年半ばの日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%で、複数の貸し手がさらなる上昇を予告したため、答えは金利が上がり得ることを前提とします。広告金利は2026年に確認した実行月または例示の数値で、確定した提示ではなく、実際の金利は本審査と実行時にのみ決まります。\nこれらの答えの使い方\n各答えは結論ではなく出発点と捉えましょう。一般的な原則を要約したものですが、在留資格・収入形態・具体的な物件・金融機関といったあなたの状況が結果を左右し、住宅ローンの審査は申込者にも物件にも依存します。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドを使い、計算ツールで自分の数字を試算し、重要な点は貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。\n住宅ローンの質問では、表面金利や比較の順位に頼らず、日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。価格は毎月変わり、優遇は維持すべき条件に依存し得、紹介の経済性が順位に載る商品に影響し得ます。貸し手のページに開示されない数値（総費用の実効コスト・実際の最低所得・非永住者の適格性など）は、推測せず直接の見積りが必要なものと扱いましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/car-education-loan-faq","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-advertising-rates:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-advertising-rates","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン広告の落とし穴","plainText":"低い広告金利は通常「最良ケース」です。LTV80%以下を要し、最大割引を前提とし、口座やサービスの条件に依存し、保険特約を除外し、審査後により高いリスク価格に置き換わり得ます。\n表面金利・最大割引・サービス条件・引受上乗せ。\n表面金利は最大割引とLTV80%以下を前提とすることが多い。\n割引は維持すべき口座やサービスの条件に依存し得る。\n保険特約や期間上乗せが実際の金利に加わる。\n審査が目玉金利をより高いリスク価格に置き換え得る。\n表面金利が誤解を招く理由\n低い広告金利は最良ケースの数字です。全期間固定と明示されない限り、実行前に変わる、実行後に変わる、LTV80%以下を要する、口座やサービスの条件を含む、任意の保険特約を除外する、審査後により高い「保証付き」やリスク価格に置き換わる、といったことがあります。広告は名目金利を強調し手数料を別記するため、表面は総コストを反映しません。\n代わりにすること\nすべての広告金利を出発点と捉え、実際のLTV・期間・優遇幅・手数料・保険上乗せ・サービス条件を記した日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。貸し手の主ページと詳細コースのページは異なり得るため突き合わせます。そのうえで、最大の広告割引でなく、想定保有期間での総コストを各社で比較しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：表面金利は最大割引とLTV80%以下を前提とすることが多い。割引は維持すべき口座やサービスの条件に依存し得る。保険特約や期間上乗せが実際の金利に加わる。審査が目玉金利をより高いリスク価格に置き換え得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-advertising-rates","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-discount-disappear","faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:read-mortgage-quote","guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"低い広告金利は通常「最良ケース」です。LTV80%以下を要し、最大割引を前提とし、口座やサービスの条件に依存し、保険特約を除外し、審査後により高いリスク価格に置き換わり得ます。\n表面金利・最大割引・サービス条件・引受上乗せ。\n表面金利は最大割引とLTV80%以下を前提とすることが多い。\n割引は維持すべき口座やサービスの条件に依存し得る。\n保険特約や期間上乗せが実際の金利に加わる。\n審査が目玉金利をより高いリスク価格に置き換え得る。\n表面金利が誤解を招く理由\n低い広告金利は最良ケースの数字です。全期間固定と明示されない限り、実行前に変わる、実行後に変わる、LTV80%以下を要する、口座やサービスの条件を含む、任意の保険特約を除外する、審査後により高い「保証付き」やリスク価格に置き換わる、といったことがあります。広告は名目金利を強調し手数料を別記するため、表面は総コストを反映しません。\n代わりにすること\nすべての広告金利を出発点と捉え、実際のLTV・期間・優遇幅・手数料・保険上乗せ・サービス条件を記した日付入りの書面見積りを取りましょう。貸し手の主ページと詳細コースのページは異なり得るため突き合わせます。そのうえで、最大の広告割引でなく、想定保有期間での総コストを各社で比較しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：表面金利は最大割引とLTV80%以下を前提とすることが多い。割引は維持すべき口座やサービスの条件に依存し得る。保険特約や期間上乗せが実際の金利に加わる。審査が目玉金利をより高いリスク価格に置き換え得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-advertising-rates","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:read-mortgage-quote:ja","entityId":"guide:read-mortgage-quote","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローンの見積りの読み方","plainText":"有用な見積りは、実行月金利・基準金利と永続的な優遇幅・事務手数料と保証料・保険上乗せ・LTVと期間の上乗せ・実行日と有効期限を示します。金利だけでなくすべてを読みましょう。\n金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険・期間上乗せ・実行日。\n実行月金利と優遇幅が永続かを確認する。\n事務手数料・保証料・保険上乗せを読む。\nLTV・期間の上乗せと実行日・有効期限を控える。\nレポートが「直接の日付入り見積りが必要」とする項目を尋ねる。\n読むべき項目\n各貸し手に、次を記した日付入りの書面を求めます。実行月金利、基準金利と永続的な優遇幅、LTV上乗せ・期間上乗せ・固定期間後の優遇、金利見直しの時期と5年・125%の扱い、事務手数料・保証料・鑑定料・登記概算・繰上返済手数料、標準団信とがん/重病やペアの上乗せ、そして手続き(事前・本審査の書類、審査期間、有効期限、金利固定のルール、オンラインか店舗か、英語対応、必要な口座/サービスの抱き合わせ)です。これらがまさに各社で比較すべき項目です。\n直接の見積りが必要な項目\n広告からは読み取れず、直接の日付入り見積りが必要な項目があります。総費用の実効APR、実際の最低所得、勤続年数の最低要件、非永住者の適格性、鑑定手法、そして本審査と実行だけが決める実際に得られる金利です。これらは「見積り必須」で推測しないものと扱い、現行金利を検索スニペットや古いページに頼らないこと。\n押さえておきたい要点：実行月金利と優遇幅が永続かを確認する。事務手数料・保証料・保険上乗せを読む。LTV・期間の上乗せと実行日・有効期限を控える。レポートが「直接の日付入り見積りが必要」とする項目を尋ねる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/read-mortgage-quote","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-total-cost"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-advertising-rates","guide:mortgage-apr-total-cost","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"有用な見積りは、実行月金利・基準金利と永続的な優遇幅・事務手数料と保証料・保険上乗せ・LTVと期間の上乗せ・実行日と有効期限を示します。金利だけでなくすべてを読みましょう。\n金利・優遇幅・手数料・保険・期間上乗せ・実行日。\n実行月金利と優遇幅が永続かを確認する。\n事務手数料・保証料・保険上乗せを読む。\nLTV・期間の上乗せと実行日・有効期限を控える。\nレポートが「直接の日付入り見積りが必要」とする項目を尋ねる。\n読むべき項目\n各貸し手に、次を記した日付入りの書面を求めます。実行月金利、基準金利と永続的な優遇幅、LTV上乗せ・期間上乗せ・固定期間後の優遇、金利見直しの時期と5年・125%の扱い、事務手数料・保証料・鑑定料・登記概算・繰上返済手数料、標準団信とがん/重病やペアの上乗せ、そして手続き(事前・本審査の書類、審査期間、有効期限、金利固定のルール、オンラインか店舗か、英語対応、必要な口座/サービスの抱き合わせ)です。これらがまさに各社で比較すべき項目です。\n直接の見積りが必要な項目\n広告からは読み取れず、直接の日付入り見積りが必要な項目があります。総費用の実効APR、実際の最低所得、勤続年数の最低要件、非永住者の適格性、鑑定手法、そして本審査と実行だけが決める実際に得られる金利です。これらは「見積り必須」で推測しないものと扱い、現行金利を検索スニペットや古いページに頼らないこと。\n押さえておきたい要点：実行月金利と優遇幅が永続かを確認する。事務手数料・保証料・保険上乗せを読む。LTV・期間の上乗せと実行日・有効期限を控える。レポートが「直接の日付入り見積りが必要」とする項目を尋ねる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/read-mortgage-quote","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compare-property-listings:ja","entityId":"guide:compare-property-listings","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"物件掲載の比べ方","plainText":"表面価格と写真だけでなく、㎡単価・土地の持分・管理と積立の質・築年・立地と駅距離・法的状態(再建築可否・借地・災害)で掲載を比較します。\n㎡単価・土地の持分・管理・築年・立地・法的状態。\n総額でなく㎡単価と土地の持分を比較する。\nマンションは管理と積立の質を重視する。\n築年・立地・駅距離を価値に織り込む。\n法的状態(再建築可否・借地・災害リスク)を確認する。\n比較の前に揃える\n同じ価格の二つの掲載も大きく異なり得ます。揃えましょう。㎡単価を計算し、長期の価値を左右する土地の持分を控え、マンションでは安く見える費用に対し管理と積立の質を比較します。築年・立地・駅距離を織り込み、掲載の数字を信じず国交省ライブラリやREINSの取引事例に照らして募集価格を確認します。\n法的状態を確認する\n低価格はしばしば法的・物理的な制約を映します。各掲載の法的状態を確認します。再建築可能で十分な接道があるか、所有権か借地権か(借地なら種類と残存期間)、災害リスクです。再建築不可・残存期間の短い借地・高い災害リスクの安い掲載は、より高い一般的な所有権物件とは比較になりません。違いは数字でなく制約にあります。\n押さえておきたい要点：総額でなく㎡単価と土地の持分を比較する。マンションは管理と積立の質を重視する。築年・立地・駅距離を価値に織り込む。法的状態(再建築可否・借地・災害リスク)を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/compare-property-listings","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-estimate-resale","faq:loan-station-distance","faq:loan-non-rebuildable"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:finding-property","guide:property-resale-value","guide:evaluating-condominium"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"表面価格と写真だけでなく、㎡単価・土地の持分・管理と積立の質・築年・立地と駅距離・法的状態(再建築可否・借地・災害)で掲載を比較します。\n㎡単価・土地の持分・管理・築年・立地・法的状態。\n総額でなく㎡単価と土地の持分を比較する。\nマンションは管理と積立の質を重視する。\n築年・立地・駅距離を価値に織り込む。\n法的状態(再建築可否・借地・災害リスク)を確認する。\n比較の前に揃える\n同じ価格の二つの掲載も大きく異なり得ます。揃えましょう。㎡単価を計算し、長期の価値を左右する土地の持分を控え、マンションでは安く見える費用に対し管理と積立の質を比較します。築年・立地・駅距離を織り込み、掲載の数字を信じず国交省ライブラリやREINSの取引事例に照らして募集価格を確認します。\n法的状態を確認する\n低価格はしばしば法的・物理的な制約を映します。各掲載の法的状態を確認します。再建築可能で十分な接道があるか、所有権か借地権か(借地なら種類と残存期間)、災害リスクです。再建築不可・残存期間の短い借地・高い災害リスクの安い掲載は、より高い一般的な所有権物件とは比較になりません。違いは数字でなく制約にあります。\n押さえておきたい要点：総額でなく㎡単価と土地の持分を比較する。マンションは管理と積立の質を重視する。築年・立地・駅距離を価値に織り込む。法的状態(再建築可否・借地・災害リスク)を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/compare-property-listings","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:research-status:ja","entityId":"guide:research-status","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"未確定の住宅ローン・不動産データ","plainText":"金利やキャンペーンは毎月変わり、一部の公式ページは動的なため、いくつかの項目は静的なガイドで固定できません。これらは「直接の日付入り見積りが必要」とし、推測しません。\n未確認の項目・古いデータ・現在の調査待ち。\n金利やキャンペーンは毎月、申込と実行の間でも変わる。\n一部の公式ページは動的で、2026年8月1日に全項目を表示しなかった。\n未確認の項目は推測せず明示する。\nこのページは直接の見積りが必要な項目を管理する。\n一部の項目を固定できない理由\n真に網羅的な商品別ディレクトリは静的なガイドで固定できません。金利やキャンペーンは毎月、申込と実行の間でも変わるためです。いくつかの公式ページは動的で、2026年8月1日の取得テキストに全数値項目を出しませんでした。これらは推測せず「直接の日付入り見積りが必要」とします。例えばPayPay銀行の基準金利やSBI新生の8月の提示は確実には取得できず、JHFの公式ページは8月1日時点でなお7月を表示する一方、各社ページは更新後の3.29%を示しました。\n主な未確定項目\n主な未確定・非標準化の項目は、各社の総費用実効APR、普遍的な審査期間、実際の最低所得、勤続年数の最低要件、各行の非永住者の適格性、鑑定手法、保証される取得可能金利、英語対応の質、地方銀行・信用組合の全国比較、投資ローンの金利、リバースモーゲージの遡及と相続人の扱い、仲介・エージェントの利益相反、リフォームと検査の価格です。いずれも一般的な数字に頼らず、自分のケースについて直接の日付入り見積りを取りましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：金利やキャンペーンは毎月、申込と実行の間でも変わる。一部の公式ページは動的で、2026年8月1日に全項目を表示しなかった。未確認の項目は推測せず明示する。このページは直接の見積りが必要な項目を管理する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/research-status","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-rate-history","guide:read-mortgage-quote","guide:mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Bank","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/mortgage/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/powersmart/homeloan/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"金利やキャンペーンは毎月変わり、一部の公式ページは動的なため、いくつかの項目は静的なガイドで固定できません。これらは「直接の日付入り見積りが必要」とし、推測しません。\n未確認の項目・古いデータ・現在の調査待ち。\n金利やキャンペーンは毎月、申込と実行の間でも変わる。\n一部の公式ページは動的で、2026年8月1日に全項目を表示しなかった。\n未確認の項目は推測せず明示する。\nこのページは直接の見積りが必要な項目を管理する。\n一部の項目を固定できない理由\n真に網羅的な商品別ディレクトリは静的なガイドで固定できません。金利やキャンペーンは毎月、申込と実行の間でも変わるためです。いくつかの公式ページは動的で、2026年8月1日の取得テキストに全数値項目を出しませんでした。これらは推測せず「直接の日付入り見積りが必要」とします。例えばPayPay銀行の基準金利やSBI新生の8月の提示は確実には取得できず、JHFの公式ページは8月1日時点でなお7月を表示する一方、各社ページは更新後の3.29%を示しました。\n主な未確定項目\n主な未確定・非標準化の項目は、各社の総費用実効APR、普遍的な審査期間、実際の最低所得、勤続年数の最低要件、各行の非永住者の適格性、鑑定手法、保証される取得可能金利、英語対応の質、地方銀行・信用組合の全国比較、投資ローンの金利、リバースモーゲージの遡及と相続人の扱い、仲介・エージェントの利益相反、リフォームと検査の価格です。いずれも一般的な数字に頼らず、自分のケースについて直接の日付入り見積りを取りましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：金利やキャンペーンは毎月、申込と実行の間でも変わる。一部の公式ページは動的で、2026年8月1日に全項目を表示しなかった。未確認の項目は推測せず明示する。このページは直接の見積りが必要な項目を管理する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/research-status","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-rate-history:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-rate-history","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン金利の確認と変更履歴","plainText":"金利は毎月変わるため確認日とともに記録します。2026年8月1日時点で、日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%、標準フラット35は21〜35年で約3.29%、いくつかの貸し手はさらなる上昇を予告していました。\n現行・過去の日付入り記録、実行日、各社の告知。\n金利は確認日と実行月とともに記録する。\n2026年8月1日時点：日銀目標約1.0%、標準フラット35は21〜35年約3.29%。\nみずほは2027年1月から変動1.275%以上を予告、PayPayは2026年9月から長期上乗せを引き上げ。\n申込時と実行時に常に現行金利を確認する。\n金利に日付を付ける理由\n住宅ローン金利は毎月、時に申込と実行の間でも変わるため、確認した日付とともに記録します。2026年8月1日(日本時間)時点で、日銀の誘導目標は6月の決定後で約1.0%、無担保コール翌日物の平均は7月末で約0.977%、標準フラット35は各社で21〜35年約3.29%(JHFの公式ページは8月1日時点でなお7月の3.14%を表示)、主要行はプライムレートの引き上げを公表・実施していました。\n予告された変更\n一部の貸し手は将来の変更を公表しており、計画に最も有用な数字です。みずほは新規変動約1.025%からとし2027年1月以降1.275%以上を警告、りそなは2026年10月のプライムレート変更(一部返済に2027年1月以降影響)を告知、PayPay銀行の35年超の長期上乗せは2026年9月1日以降の実行で上がります。今日の金利だけでなく告知された将来の返済額を試算し、申込時と実行時に日付入り見積りで現行金利を必ず確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：金利は確認日と実行月とともに記録する。2026年8月1日時点：日銀目標約1.0%、標準フラット35は21〜35年約3.29%。みずほは2027年1月から変動1.275%以上を予告、PayPayは2026年9月から長期上乗せを引き上げ。申込時と実行時に常に現行金利を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-rate-history","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-rate-rise","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-rates","guide:research-status","guide:mortgage-advertising-rates"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/statistics/market/short/mutan/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"金利は毎月変わるため確認日とともに記録します。2026年8月1日時点で、日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%、標準フラット35は21〜35年で約3.29%、いくつかの貸し手はさらなる上昇を予告していました。\n現行・過去の日付入り記録、実行日、各社の告知。\n金利は確認日と実行月とともに記録する。\n2026年8月1日時点：日銀目標約1.0%、標準フラット35は21〜35年約3.29%。\nみずほは2027年1月から変動1.275%以上を予告、PayPayは2026年9月から長期上乗せを引き上げ。\n申込時と実行時に常に現行金利を確認する。\n金利に日付を付ける理由\n住宅ローン金利は毎月、時に申込と実行の間でも変わるため、確認した日付とともに記録します。2026年8月1日(日本時間)時点で、日銀の誘導目標は6月の決定後で約1.0%、無担保コール翌日物の平均は7月末で約0.977%、標準フラット35は各社で21〜35年約3.29%(JHFの公式ページは8月1日時点でなお7月の3.14%を表示)、主要行はプライムレートの引き上げを公表・実施していました。\n予告された変更\n一部の貸し手は将来の変更を公表しており、計画に最も有用な数字です。みずほは新規変動約1.025%からとし2027年1月以降1.275%以上を警告、りそなは2026年10月のプライムレート変更(一部返済に2027年1月以降影響)を告知、PayPay銀行の35年超の長期上乗せは2026年9月1日以降の実行で上がります。今日の金利だけでなく告知された将来の返済額を試算し、申込時と実行時に日付入り見積りで現行金利を必ず確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：金利は確認日と実行月とともに記録する。2026年8月1日時点：日銀目標約1.0%、標準フラット35は21〜35年約3.29%。みずほは2027年1月から変動1.275%以上を予告、PayPayは2026年9月から長期上乗せを引き上げ。申込時と実行時に常に現行金利を確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-rate-history","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compare-mortgages-methodology:ja","entityId":"guide:compare-mortgages-methodology","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローンの比較方法","plainText":"同じ実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間で比較し、広告金利と現実の審査結果を分け、手数料を総コストに正規化し、推測せず直接の見積りが必要な項目を明示します。\n金利の扱い・手数料の正規化・実行日・適格性・未確定項目。\n同じ実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間で比較する。\n広告金利と現実の審査結果を分ける。\n事務手数料・保証料・保険を総コストに正規化する。\n未確定項目は推測せず「見積り必須」と明示する。\n比較の方法\n公平に比較するため、変数を固定します。すべての貸し手で同じ実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間です。広告の実行金利と現実の審査結果を分けます。表面金利は最大割引と有利なLTVを前提とするためです。事務手数料(多くは2.20%)・保証料・鑑定・登記・保険上乗せを、保有期間の総内部コストに正規化します。5,000万円への2.20%手数料は他費用前で110万円で、短期保有ではわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n未確定項目の扱い\n公開ページからは標準化できない項目があります。総費用の実効APR、実際の最低所得、勤続年数の最低要件、非永住者の適格性、鑑定手法、実際に得られる金利です。これらは数字を推測せず直接の日付入り見積りが必要と明示し、価格は毎月変わるため各金利を確認日とともに記録します。貸し手のページが動的、または前月をなお表示していた場合は、古い数字を現行として示さずその旨を述べます。\n押さえておきたい要点：同じ実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間で比較する。広告金利と現実の審査結果を分ける。事務手数料・保証料・保険を総コストに正規化する。未確定項目は推測せず「見積り必須」と明示する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/compare-mortgages-methodology","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-how-many-lenders","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:read-mortgage-quote","guide:mortgage-rate-history"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"同じ実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間で比較し、広告金利と現実の審査結果を分け、手数料を総コストに正規化し、推測せず直接の見積りが必要な項目を明示します。\n金利の扱い・手数料の正規化・実行日・適格性・未確定項目。\n同じ実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間で比較する。\n広告金利と現実の審査結果を分ける。\n事務手数料・保証料・保険を総コストに正規化する。\n未確定項目は推測せず「見積り必須」と明示する。\n比較の方法\n公平に比較するため、変数を固定します。すべての貸し手で同じ実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間です。広告の実行金利と現実の審査結果を分けます。表面金利は最大割引と有利なLTVを前提とするためです。事務手数料(多くは2.20%)・保証料・鑑定・登記・保険上乗せを、保有期間の総内部コストに正規化します。5,000万円への2.20%手数料は他費用前で110万円で、短期保有ではわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n未確定項目の扱い\n公開ページからは標準化できない項目があります。総費用の実効APR、実際の最低所得、勤続年数の最低要件、非永住者の適格性、鑑定手法、実際に得られる金利です。これらは数字を推測せず直接の日付入り見積りが必要と明示し、価格は毎月変わるため各金利を確認日とともに記録します。貸し手のページが動的、または前月をなお表示していた場合は、古い数字を現行として示さずその旨を述べます。\n押さえておきたい要点：同じ実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間で比較する。広告金利と現実の審査結果を分ける。事務手数料・保証料・保険を総コストに正規化する。未確定項目は推測せず「見積り必須」と明示する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/compare-mortgages-methodology","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-portals:ja","entityId":"guide:property-portals","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の不動産ポータル","plainText":"不動産ポータル(SUUMO・アットホーム・HOME’S・Yahoo!不動産・ニフティ不動産・Real Estate Japan)は広告と発見のツールで、消費者は通常無料、広告主が費用を払い、重複・古い掲載が一般的です。\n掲載範囲・種類・言語・費用・鮮度・広告主モデル。\n消費者は通常無料。広告主や紹介先が費用を払う。\n掲載は重複・古い・見込み客獲得に最適化されていることがある。\nポータルは発見であり権利・法務・建物・財務の調査ではない。\n言語と英語対応はポータルで異なる。\n概要\nポータルは多くの仲介の掲載を集約するため、探索の自然な出発点である一方、重複・古い掲載の源でもあります。広告プラットフォームで、仲介が掲載料を払い、順位はしばしば見込み客獲得を優先するため、目立つ掲載が最良・最新とは限りません。ポータルで市場を理解し候補を特定し、次に具体的な物件の本格的な調査へ移りましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\nポータルが無料なのは広告主が払うからです。権利・適法性・状態・価格を独自に確認し、重複掲載は当然と捉えましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：消費者は通常無料。広告主や紹介先が費用を払う。掲載は重複・古い・見込み客獲得に最適化されていることがある。ポータルは発見であり権利・法務・建物・財務の調査ではない。言語と英語対応はポータルで異なる。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-portals","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:finding-property","guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","guide:suumo-portal","guide:lifull-homes-portal"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"不動産ポータル(SUUMO・アットホーム・HOME’S・Yahoo!不動産・ニフティ不動産・Real Estate Japan)は広告と発見のツールで、消費者は通常無料、広告主が費用を払い、重複・古い掲載が一般的です。\n掲載範囲・種類・言語・費用・鮮度・広告主モデル。\n消費者は通常無料。広告主や紹介先が費用を払う。\n掲載は重複・古い・見込み客獲得に最適化されていることがある。\nポータルは発見であり権利・法務・建物・財務の調査ではない。\n言語と英語対応はポータルで異なる。\n概要\nポータルは多くの仲介の掲載を集約するため、探索の自然な出発点である一方、重複・古い掲載の源でもあります。広告プラットフォームで、仲介が掲載料を払い、順位はしばしば見込み客獲得を優先するため、目立つ掲載が最良・最新とは限りません。ポータルで市場を理解し候補を特定し、次に具体的な物件の本格的な調査へ移りましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\nポータルが無料なのは広告主が払うからです。権利・適法性・状態・価格を独自に確認し、重複掲載は当然と捉えましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：消費者は通常無料。広告主や紹介先が費用を払う。掲載は重複・古い・見込み客獲得に最適化されていることがある。ポータルは発見であり権利・法務・建物・財務の調査ではない。言語と英語対応はポータルで異なる。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-portals","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:real-estate-brokerages:ja","entityId":"guide:real-estate-brokerages","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産仲介会社","plainText":"仲介会社(三井のリハウス・住友不動産販売・東急リバブル・野村・三菱地所ハウスネット・センチュリー21加盟店)は通常手数料制です。誰を代理するか尋ね、免許を確認しましょう。\n地域・買主/売主対応・手数料・言語・免許。\n通常は手数料制で法定上限がある。\n掲載側は売主を代理または経済的に依存し得る。\n両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。\n支払う前に免許と行政処分を確認する。\n概要\n大手仲介は全国・地域で営業し、買主・売主の双方を扱います。通常は手数料制で、掲載側は売主を代理または依存し得るため、動機は自動的に買主と一致しません。大手ブランドでも利益相反はなくならず、むしろ代理関係と手数料の確認がより重要になります。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n誰を代理し両手仲介があるか尋ねましょう。ブランド名は売主側の利益相反を消しません。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：通常は手数料制で法定上限がある。掲載側は売主を代理または経済的に依存し得る。両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。支払う前に免許と行政処分を確認する。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/real-estate-brokerages","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:real-estate-agents-japan","guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees","guide:mitsui-rehouse-profile","guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"仲介会社(三井のリハウス・住友不動産販売・東急リバブル・野村・三菱地所ハウスネット・センチュリー21加盟店)は通常手数料制です。誰を代理するか尋ね、免許を確認しましょう。\n地域・買主/売主対応・手数料・言語・免許。\n通常は手数料制で法定上限がある。\n掲載側は売主を代理または経済的に依存し得る。\n両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。\n支払う前に免許と行政処分を確認する。\n概要\n大手仲介は全国・地域で営業し、買主・売主の双方を扱います。通常は手数料制で、掲載側は売主を代理または依存し得るため、動機は自動的に買主と一致しません。大手ブランドでも利益相反はなくならず、むしろ代理関係と手数料の確認がより重要になります。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n誰を代理し両手仲介があるか尋ねましょう。ブランド名は売主側の利益相反を消しません。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：通常は手数料制で法定上限がある。掲載側は売主を代理または経済的に依存し得る。両手仲介や直接取引があるか尋ねる。支払う前に免許と行政処分を確認する。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/real-estate-brokerages","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate:ja","entityId":"guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人対応の不動産会社","plainText":"外国人対応の会社(PLAZA HOMES・ケン・コーポレーション・Housing Japan・E-Housing・Japan Property Central・Tokyo Portfolio)は多様で、仲介もあればメディア/紹介業もあります。どちらか、助言が独立かを確認しましょう。\n言語・対応地域・住宅ローン支援・買主代理・手数料。\n言語対応は都市と取引で異なる。\n仲介もあればメディア/紹介業もある。\n英語サイト＝独立した買主代理ではない。\n免許・手数料・貸し手との関係・助言の独立性を確認する。\n概要\n外国人対応の会社は言語支援を掲げますが、この区分には本物の仲介とメディア・紹介業が混在します。言語支援も都市と取引で異なり、英語の広告ページ・通訳・英語での契約は別物です。頼る前に、免許・手数料・貸し手との関係・助言の独立性を確認しましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n「英語サイト」を独立した買主代理と思わないこと。その会社が仲介・ポータル・紹介・メディアのどれかを確認しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：言語対応は都市と取引で異なる。仲介もあればメディア/紹介業もある。英語サイト＝独立した買主代理ではない。免許・手数料・貸し手との関係・助言の独立性を確認する。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/foreign-friendly-real-estate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders","guide:plaza-homes-profile","guide:buyers-agents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"外国人対応の会社(PLAZA HOMES・ケン・コーポレーション・Housing Japan・E-Housing・Japan Property Central・Tokyo Portfolio)は多様で、仲介もあればメディア/紹介業もあります。どちらか、助言が独立かを確認しましょう。\n言語・対応地域・住宅ローン支援・買主代理・手数料。\n言語対応は都市と取引で異なる。\n仲介もあればメディア/紹介業もある。\n英語サイト＝独立した買主代理ではない。\n免許・手数料・貸し手との関係・助言の独立性を確認する。\n概要\n外国人対応の会社は言語支援を掲げますが、この区分には本物の仲介とメディア・紹介業が混在します。言語支援も都市と取引で異なり、英語の広告ページ・通訳・英語での契約は別物です。頼る前に、免許・手数料・貸し手との関係・助言の独立性を確認しましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n「英語サイト」を独立した買主代理と思わないこと。その会社が仲介・ポータル・紹介・メディアのどれかを確認しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：言語対応は都市と取引で異なる。仲介もあればメディア/紹介業もある。英語サイト＝独立した買主代理ではない。免許・手数料・貸し手との関係・助言の独立性を確認する。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/foreign-friendly-real-estate","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:buyers-agents:ja","entityId":"guide:buyers-agents","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の買主エージェント","plainText":"買主エージェントは物件探し・交渉・調査であなたを代理します。適切に動機づけられれば有用ですが、報酬の受け方と、売主から真に独立かを確認しましょう。\n代理・報酬・物件探し・交渉・調査・利益相反。\n物件探し・交渉・調査の代理を提供する。\n報酬の受け方(買主負担か貸し手/売主負担か)を確認する。\n適切に動機づけられた専門家はポータルにない判断を加える。\n双方の代理か、売買に直接の利害があるか尋ねる。\n概要\n買主エージェントは、あなたの利益を特に代理するはずのもので、あなたのために探索・交渉・調査を行います。価値は動機次第です。あなたが払い売主から独立したエージェントは本物の判断を提供でき、売買成立に報酬が依存するエージェントはそうでないことがあります。発見にはポータル、判断には適切に動機づけられた専門家を使いましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n買主エージェントの報酬の受け方を確認しましょう。代理は背後の動機次第です。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：物件探し・交渉・調査の代理を提供する。報酬の受け方(買主負担か貸し手/売主負担か)を確認する。適切に動機づけられた専門家はポータルにない判断を加える。双方の代理か、売買に直接の利害があるか尋ねる。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/buyers-agents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portal-vs-buyers-agent","guide:real-estate-agents-japan","guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"買主エージェントは物件探し・交渉・調査であなたを代理します。適切に動機づけられれば有用ですが、報酬の受け方と、売主から真に独立かを確認しましょう。\n代理・報酬・物件探し・交渉・調査・利益相反。\n物件探し・交渉・調査の代理を提供する。\n報酬の受け方(買主負担か貸し手/売主負担か)を確認する。\n適切に動機づけられた専門家はポータルにない判断を加える。\n双方の代理か、売買に直接の利害があるか尋ねる。\n概要\n買主エージェントは、あなたの利益を特に代理するはずのもので、あなたのために探索・交渉・調査を行います。価値は動機次第です。あなたが払い売主から独立したエージェントは本物の判断を提供でき、売買成立に報酬が依存するエージェントはそうでないことがあります。発見にはポータル、判断には適切に動機づけられた専門家を使いましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n買主エージェントの報酬の受け方を確認しましょう。代理は背後の動機次第です。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：物件探し・交渉・調査の代理を提供する。報酬の受け方(買主負担か貸し手/売主負担か)を確認する。適切に動機づけられた専門家はポータルにない判断を加える。双方の代理か、売買に直接の利害があるか尋ねる。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/buyers-agents","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-comparison-services:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-comparison-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン比較・仲介サービス","plainText":"住宅ローン比較サービス(価格.com・モゲチェック・銀行比較ポータル・フラット35の取扱機関検索)は借り手には無料で紹介報酬で成り立つことが多く、順位は参加商品を優先し得ます。どの金融機関が除外かを尋ねましょう。\n参加金融機関・紹介報酬・申込支援・除外。\n借り手には無料で紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つことが多い。\n順位は参加商品を優先し得る。\n比較からどの金融機関が除外かを尋ねる。\n独立した助言でなく見込みの入口として使う。\n概要\n比較サービスや住宅ローン仲介は、金利の集約と申込支援で時間を節約できますが、通常は紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つため、順位は参加商品を優先し他を除外し得ます。どの金融機関が含まれないかを尋ね、順位を独立した助言でなく見込みの入口と捉え、実際の提示を日付入り見積りで確認しましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n順位は参加金融機関を優先し他を除外し得ます。除外を尋ね、日付入り見積りで確認しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：借り手には無料で紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つことが多い。順位は参加商品を優先し得る。比較からどの金融機関が除外かを尋ねる。独立した助言でなく見込みの入口として使う。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-comparison-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:mortgage-lenders","guide:kakaku-mortgage-profile","guide:mogecheck-profile"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"住宅ローン比較サービス(価格.com・モゲチェック・銀行比較ポータル・フラット35の取扱機関検索)は借り手には無料で紹介報酬で成り立つことが多く、順位は参加商品を優先し得ます。どの金融機関が除外かを尋ねましょう。\n参加金融機関・紹介報酬・申込支援・除外。\n借り手には無料で紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つことが多い。\n順位は参加商品を優先し得る。\n比較からどの金融機関が除外かを尋ねる。\n独立した助言でなく見込みの入口として使う。\n概要\n比較サービスや住宅ローン仲介は、金利の集約と申込支援で時間を節約できますが、通常は紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つため、順位は参加商品を優先し他を除外し得ます。どの金融機関が含まれないかを尋ね、順位を独立した助言でなく見込みの入口と捉え、実際の提示を日付入り見積りで確認しましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n順位は参加金融機関を優先し他を除外し得ます。除外を尋ね、日付入り見積りで確認しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：借り手には無料で紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つことが多い。順位は参加商品を優先し得る。比較からどの金融機関が除外かを尋ねる。独立した助言でなく見込みの入口として使う。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-comparison-services","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-valuation-services:ja","entityId":"guide:property-valuation-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産の査定サービス","plainText":"査定は、無料のAI査定や仲介査定(掲載獲得のため無料が多い)から、有資格の不動産鑑定士による有料でより堅牢な正式鑑定まであります。目的で選びましょう。\nAI査定・仲介査定・正式鑑定・費用・目的。\nAI査定や仲介査定は無料が多いが厳密さに欠ける。\n仲介査定が無料なのは掲載獲得を狙うから。\n有資格の鑑定士による正式鑑定は有料でより堅牢。\n目的(掲載・紛争・税・融資)で査定の種類を選ぶ。\n概要\n査定には段階があります。AI査定や仲介査定は速く無料が多いですが、仲介査定が無料なのはまさに掲載がほしいからで、利益相反です。有資格の不動産鑑定士による正式鑑定は有料でより堅牢ですが、なお判断に基づきます。目的に合わせて手段を選び、国交省の事例やREINSでどの査定も検証できることを覚えておきましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n無料の仲介査定は掲載獲得の狙いのことがあります。国交省の事例でどの査定も検証しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：AI査定や仲介査定は無料が多いが厳密さに欠ける。仲介査定が無料なのは掲載獲得を狙うから。有資格の鑑定士による正式鑑定は有料でより堅牢。目的(掲載・紛争・税・融資)で査定の種類を選ぶ。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-valuation-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-resale-value","guide:compare-property-listings","guide:official-property-data"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"査定は、無料のAI査定や仲介査定(掲載獲得のため無料が多い)から、有資格の不動産鑑定士による有料でより堅牢な正式鑑定まであります。目的で選びましょう。\nAI査定・仲介査定・正式鑑定・費用・目的。\nAI査定や仲介査定は無料が多いが厳密さに欠ける。\n仲介査定が無料なのは掲載獲得を狙うから。\n有資格の鑑定士による正式鑑定は有料でより堅牢。\n目的(掲載・紛争・税・融資)で査定の種類を選ぶ。\n概要\n査定には段階があります。AI査定や仲介査定は速く無料が多いですが、仲介査定が無料なのはまさに掲載がほしいからで、利益相反です。有資格の不動産鑑定士による正式鑑定は有料でより堅牢ですが、なお判断に基づきます。目的に合わせて手段を選び、国交省の事例やREINSでどの査定も検証できることを覚えておきましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n無料の仲介査定は掲載獲得の狙いのことがあります。国交省の事例でどの査定も検証しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：AI査定や仲介査定は無料が多いが厳密さに欠ける。仲介査定が無料なのは掲載獲得を狙うから。有資格の鑑定士による正式鑑定は有料でより堅牢。目的(掲載・紛争・税・融資)で査定の種類を選ぶ。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-valuation-services","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:home-inspection-services:ja","entityId":"guide:home-inspection-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅検査サービス","plainText":"住宅検査人(建物状況調査の登録検査人・建築士・保険付帯の検査人)は買主負担の料金を取ります。売主や施工業者から独立した検査人を選びましょう。\n資格・検査範囲・料金体系・独立性・報告。\n有資格の検査人が目視・計測可能な劣化を調べる。\n買主負担の定額または面積比例の料金。\n売主や施工業者からの独立を優先する。\n検査は隠れた瑕疵の不存在を保証しない。\n概要\n検査サービスは、建物状況調査の登録検査人から建築士、保険付帯の検査人まであります。料金は買主負担で、定額または面積比例です。最重要の選択は独立性です。あなたが選び、売主や施工業者から独立した検査人は、売却成立や修繕受注への利害で歪まない報告を出します。いかなる検査も隠れた瑕疵の不存在を保証しません。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n売主や施工業者から独立した検査人を選びましょう。独立性は低料金より重要です。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：有資格の検査人が目視・計測可能な劣化を調べる。買主負担の定額または面積比例の料金。売主や施工業者からの独立を優先する。検査は隠れた瑕疵の不存在を保証しない。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：有資格の検査人が目視・計測可能な劣化を調べる。買主負担の定額または面積比例の料金。売主や施工業者からの独立を優先する。検査は隠れた瑕疵の不存在を保証しない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/home-inspection-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-inspections","guide:evaluating-used-property","guide:property-defects-warranties"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"住宅検査人(建物状況調査の登録検査人・建築士・保険付帯の検査人)は買主負担の料金を取ります。売主や施工業者から独立した検査人を選びましょう。\n資格・検査範囲・料金体系・独立性・報告。\n有資格の検査人が目視・計測可能な劣化を調べる。\n買主負担の定額または面積比例の料金。\n売主や施工業者からの独立を優先する。\n検査は隠れた瑕疵の不存在を保証しない。\n概要\n検査サービスは、建物状況調査の登録検査人から建築士、保険付帯の検査人まであります。料金は買主負担で、定額または面積比例です。最重要の選択は独立性です。あなたが選び、売主や施工業者から独立した検査人は、売却成立や修繕受注への利害で歪まない報告を出します。いかなる検査も隠れた瑕疵の不存在を保証しません。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n売主や施工業者から独立した検査人を選びましょう。独立性は低料金より重要です。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：有資格の検査人が目視・計測可能な劣化を調べる。買主負担の定額または面積比例の料金。売主や施工業者からの独立を優先する。検査は隠れた瑕疵の不存在を保証しない。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：有資格の検査人が目視・計測可能な劣化を調べる。買主負担の定額または面積比例の料金。売主や施工業者からの独立を優先する。検査は隠れた瑕疵の不存在を保証しない。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/home-inspection-services","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:renovation-services:ja","entityId":"guide:renovation-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"リフォーム会社・マッチングサービス","plainText":"リフォーム提供者(地域の有免許業者・大手リフォーム会社・マッチングマーケット)は紹介料を織り込み得ます。図面・除外・保証・免許・出来高払いを伴う、範囲に合った見積りを取りましょう。\n対応範囲・マッチングモデル・手数料・免許・保証。\n地域の業者・大手リフォーム会社・マッチングマーケット。\nマッチングは価格に紹介料を織り込み得る。\n図面・除外・保証を伴う範囲に合った見積りを取る。\n免許を確認し出来高払いを使う。\n概要\nリフォームは、地域の有免許業者と直接、大手リフォーム会社経由、またはマッチングマーケット経由で手配できます。マッチングは便利ですが価格に紹介料を織り込み得ます。どの経路でも、図面・明確な除外・保証・免許の確認・出来高に連動した支払い計画を含む、範囲に合った見積りを取りましょう。これらのない見積りは受けず、隠れた工事のための予備費を持ちましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\nマッチングは紹介料を織り込み得ます。図面・範囲・除外・出来高払いのないリフォーム見積りを受けないこと。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：地域の業者・大手リフォーム会社・マッチングマーケット。マッチングは価格に紹介料を織り込み得る。図面・除外・保証を伴う範囲に合った見積りを取る。免許を確認し出来高払いを使う。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/renovation-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:renovation-costs-financing","guide:renovation-loans","guide:evaluating-used-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"リフォーム提供者(地域の有免許業者・大手リフォーム会社・マッチングマーケット)は紹介料を織り込み得ます。図面・除外・保証・免許・出来高払いを伴う、範囲に合った見積りを取りましょう。\n対応範囲・マッチングモデル・手数料・免許・保証。\n地域の業者・大手リフォーム会社・マッチングマーケット。\nマッチングは価格に紹介料を織り込み得る。\n図面・除外・保証を伴う範囲に合った見積りを取る。\n免許を確認し出来高払いを使う。\n概要\nリフォームは、地域の有免許業者と直接、大手リフォーム会社経由、またはマッチングマーケット経由で手配できます。マッチングは便利ですが価格に紹介料を織り込み得ます。どの経路でも、図面・明確な除外・保証・免許の確認・出来高に連動した支払い計画を含む、範囲に合った見積りを取りましょう。これらのない見積りは受けず、隠れた工事のための予備費を持ちましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\nマッチングは紹介料を織り込み得ます。図面・範囲・除外・出来高払いのないリフォーム見積りを受けないこと。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：地域の業者・大手リフォーム会社・マッチングマーケット。マッチングは価格に紹介料を織り込み得る。図面・除外・保証を伴う範囲に合った見積りを取る。免許を確認し出来高払いを使う。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/renovation-services","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-management-services:ja","entityId":"guide:property-management-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産管理会社","plainText":"管理会社(東急コミュニティー・大京アステージ・三井不動産レジデンシャルサービス・地域の賃貸管理)は、組合(マンション)または家賃の一定割合＋客付け/更新料(賃貸)を請求し、修繕工事も販売し得ます。利益相反に注意しましょう。\n賃貸/マンション管理・料金・客付け手数料・修繕の利益相反。\nマンション管理は組合が、賃貸管理は家賃の一定割合が費用。\n賃貸管理は客付け・更新料も請求する。\n管理会社は修繕工事も販売し得る。利益相反。\n修繕提案は独立して検討する。\n概要\n不動産管理は、マンション管理(所有者の組合が費用負担)と賃貸管理(通常は家賃の一定割合＋客付け・更新料)に分かれます。重要な利益相反は、管理会社が修繕工事も販売し得ることで、修繕提案は自動的に独立ではありません。マンションは建物の財務と議事録で管理を判断し、賃貸は管理割合と客付け・更新料を比較しましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n管理会社の修繕提案は独立とは限りません。特に管理会社が工事で利益を得る場合は別途検討しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：マンション管理は組合が、賃貸管理は家賃の一定割合が費用。賃貸管理は客付け・更新料も請求する。管理会社は修繕工事も販売し得る。利益相反。修繕提案は独立して検討する。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-management-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:condominium-management-fees","guide:renting-out-mortgaged-home"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"管理会社(東急コミュニティー・大京アステージ・三井不動産レジデンシャルサービス・地域の賃貸管理)は、組合(マンション)または家賃の一定割合＋客付け/更新料(賃貸)を請求し、修繕工事も販売し得ます。利益相反に注意しましょう。\n賃貸/マンション管理・料金・客付け手数料・修繕の利益相反。\nマンション管理は組合が、賃貸管理は家賃の一定割合が費用。\n賃貸管理は客付け・更新料も請求する。\n管理会社は修繕工事も販売し得る。利益相反。\n修繕提案は独立して検討する。\n概要\n不動産管理は、マンション管理(所有者の組合が費用負担)と賃貸管理(通常は家賃の一定割合＋客付け・更新料)に分かれます。重要な利益相反は、管理会社が修繕工事も販売し得ることで、修繕提案は自動的に独立ではありません。マンションは建物の財務と議事録で管理を判断し、賃貸は管理割合と客付け・更新料を比較しましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n管理会社の修繕提案は独立とは限りません。特に管理会社が工事で利益を得る場合は別途検討しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：マンション管理は組合が、賃貸管理は家賃の一定割合が費用。賃貸管理は客付け・更新料も請求する。管理会社は修繕工事も販売し得る。利益相反。修繕提案は独立して検討する。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-management-services","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-registration-services:ja","entityId":"guide:property-registration-services","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"司法書士・登記サービス","plainText":"司法書士・土地家屋調査士・弁護士・税理士が、報酬＋税・立替費用で登記や関連業務を行います。貸し手や仲介が指名し得ます。選択が必須かを尋ねましょう。\nサービスの種類・地域・言語・報酬。\n司法書士が所有権・抵当権の登記を行う。\n報酬に加え税・立替費用がかかる。\n貸し手や仲介が指名し得る。必須かを尋ねる。\n土地家屋調査士・弁護士・税理士が関連ニーズを担う。\n概要\n法務・登記の業務は、司法書士(登記)・土地家屋調査士(境界)・弁護士(紛争)・税理士(税)が担います。それぞれ報酬に加え税・立替費用を請求します。貸し手や仲介が提供者を指名し得ます。特に貸し手が抵当権登記を任せる司法書士です。選択が必須か、自分の司法書士を使えるかを尋ねましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n貸し手が司法書士を指名し得ます。選択が必須かを尋ね、報酬の見積りを求めましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：司法書士が所有権・抵当権の登記を行う。報酬に加え税・立替費用がかかる。貸し手や仲介が指名し得る。必須かを尋ねる。土地家屋調査士・弁護士・税理士が関連ニーズを担う。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-registration-services","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:judicial-scrivener-property","guide:property-registration-costs","guide:property-closing-registration"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Justice","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"司法書士・土地家屋調査士・弁護士・税理士が、報酬＋税・立替費用で登記や関連業務を行います。貸し手や仲介が指名し得ます。選択が必須かを尋ねましょう。\nサービスの種類・地域・言語・報酬。\n司法書士が所有権・抵当権の登記を行う。\n報酬に加え税・立替費用がかかる。\n貸し手や仲介が指名し得る。必須かを尋ねる。\n土地家屋調査士・弁護士・税理士が関連ニーズを担う。\n概要\n法務・登記の業務は、司法書士(登記)・土地家屋調査士(境界)・弁護士(紛争)・税理士(税)が担います。それぞれ報酬に加え税・立替費用を請求します。貸し手や仲介が提供者を指名し得ます。特に貸し手が抵当権登記を任せる司法書士です。選択が必須か、自分の司法書士を使えるかを尋ねましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n貸し手が司法書士を指名し得ます。選択が必須かを尋ね、報酬の見積りを求めましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：司法書士が所有権・抵当権の登記を行う。報酬に加え税・立替費用がかかる。貸し手や仲介が指名し得る。必須かを尋ねる。土地家屋調査士・弁護士・税理士が関連ニーズを担う。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-registration-services","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-insurance-providers:ja","entityId":"guide:property-insurance-providers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅・地震保険の提供者","plainText":"保険会社(東京海上・損保ジャパン・三井住友海上・あいおいニッセイ同和・ネット系)が火災・地震補償を提供します。保険料は立地・構造・限度・特約で異なり、貸し手や代理店が手数料を得ることがあります。\n補償・販売経路・貸し手との関係・見積り方法。\n大手・ネット系の保険会社による火災・地震補償。\n保険料は立地・構造・限度・特約で異なる。\n地震保険は火災保険に付帯し上限がある。\n貸し手や代理店が手数料を得得る。外部見積りを比較する。\n概要\n住宅保険は大手・ネット系が提供し、火災と(付帯の)地震リスクを補償します。保険料は立地・構造・補償限度・特約で異なり、地震補償は上限があり生活再建向けです。セット契約では貸し手や代理店が手数料を得ることがあるため、貸し手の提示が最良と決めつけず、認められる範囲で外部の見積りを比較しましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\nセット契約では貸し手や代理店が手数料を得得ます。認められる範囲で外部見積りを比較しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：大手・ネット系の保険会社による火災・地震補償。保険料は立地・構造・限度・特約で異なる。地震保険は火災保険に付帯し上限がある。貸し手や代理店が手数料を得得る。外部見積りを比較する。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-insurance-providers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:home-fire-earthquake-insurance","guide:earthquake-standards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jishin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"保険会社(東京海上・損保ジャパン・三井住友海上・あいおいニッセイ同和・ネット系)が火災・地震補償を提供します。保険料は立地・構造・限度・特約で異なり、貸し手や代理店が手数料を得ることがあります。\n補償・販売経路・貸し手との関係・見積り方法。\n大手・ネット系の保険会社による火災・地震補償。\n保険料は立地・構造・限度・特約で異なる。\n地震保険は火災保険に付帯し上限がある。\n貸し手や代理店が手数料を得得る。外部見積りを比較する。\n概要\n住宅保険は大手・ネット系が提供し、火災と(付帯の)地震リスクを補償します。保険料は立地・構造・補償限度・特約で異なり、地震補償は上限があり生活再建向けです。セット契約では貸し手や代理店が手数料を得ることがあるため、貸し手の提示が最良と決めつけず、認められる範囲で外部の見積りを比較しましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\nセット契約では貸し手や代理店が手数料を得得ます。認められる範囲で外部見積りを比較しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：大手・ネット系の保険会社による火災・地震補償。保険料は立地・構造・限度・特約で異なる。地震保険は火災保険に付帯し上限がある。貸し手や代理店が手数料を得得る。外部見積りを比較する。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-insurance-providers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-auctions:ja","entityId":"guide:property-auctions","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産競売・任意売却サービス","plainText":"裁判所のBIT競売・公売システム・専門の競売サポート会社は、保証金・限られた内見・占有者のリスク・書類のみの調査・通常の売主保証なし、で任意売却物件を扱います。初心者向けではありません。\n裁判所の競売・公売・保証金・占有・初心者のリスク。\n裁判所のBIT競売・地方の公売・専門のサポート会社。\n保証金が必要で物件の内見は限られる。\n占有者のリスクと書類のみの調査が一般的。\n通常の売主保証がない。初心者向けではない。\n概要\n任意売却物件は、裁判所のBIT競売・地方の公売・専門の競売サポート会社を通じて売られます。安いことがありますが重大なリスクを伴います。保証金、限られた・またはない内見、既存の占有者のリスク、書類のみの調査、通常の売主保証なし、です。競売は初心者向けでなく融資も難しいため、専門の支援とリスクの明確な理解をもってのみ臨みましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n競売は占有者のリスク・書類のみの調査・売主保証なしを伴い、初心者向けではありません。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：裁判所のBIT競売・地方の公売・専門のサポート会社。保証金が必要で物件の内見は限られる。占有者のリスクと書類のみの調査が一般的。通常の売主保証がない。初心者向けではない。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-auctions","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:non-rebuildable-property","guide:akiya-vacant-homes","guide:buying-property-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"裁判所のBIT競売・公売システム・専門の競売サポート会社は、保証金・限られた内見・占有者のリスク・書類のみの調査・通常の売主保証なし、で任意売却物件を扱います。初心者向けではありません。\n裁判所の競売・公売・保証金・占有・初心者のリスク。\n裁判所のBIT競売・地方の公売・専門のサポート会社。\n保証金が必要で物件の内見は限られる。\n占有者のリスクと書類のみの調査が一般的。\n通常の売主保証がない。初心者向けではない。\n概要\n任意売却物件は、裁判所のBIT競売・地方の公売・専門の競売サポート会社を通じて売られます。安いことがありますが重大なリスクを伴います。保証金、限られた・またはない内見、既存の占有者のリスク、書類のみの調査、通常の売主保証なし、です。競売は初心者向けでなく融資も難しいため、専門の支援とリスクの明確な理解をもってのみ臨みましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n競売は占有者のリスク・書類のみの調査・売主保証なしを伴い、初心者向けではありません。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：裁判所のBIT競売・地方の公売・専門のサポート会社。保証金が必要で物件の内見は限られる。占有者のリスクと書類のみの調査が一般的。通常の売主保証がない。初心者向けではない。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-auctions","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:official-property-data:ja","entityId":"guide:official-property-data","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"公式の不動産データツール","plainText":"公式ツール(国交省の不動産情報ライブラリ・公示地価検索・REINSの市場情報・ハザードポータル・国交省/都道府県の免許記録)は無料で、比較の証拠に強力です。ただしデータは遅れ得、物件はそれぞれ異なります。\n取引データ・地価・災害・免許・公的登記。\n国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは価格・地価・都市計画・災害を統合する。\nREINSの市場情報は取引事例を提供する。\n国交省・都道府県の記録で仲介の免許を無料で確認できる。\nデータは遅れ得、物件は異なる。証拠として使い盲信しない。\n概要\n公式データツールは無料で強力です。国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは取引価格・公示地価・都市計画・災害・生活利便を統合し、REINSの市場情報は取引事例を提供し、ハザードポータルは災害リスクを示し、国交省・都道府県の免許記録は支払う前に仲介の免許と行政処分を確認できます。データは遅れ得、物件は異なるため、これらを掲載や仲介を確認する強力な証拠として使い、最終評価とはしないでください。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n公式データは遅れ得、物件は異なります。掲載の確認と免許の照合に使い、最終評価とはしないこと。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは価格・地価・都市計画・災害を統合する。REINSの市場情報は取引事例を提供する。国交省・都道府県の記録で仲介の免許を無料で確認できる。データは遅れ得、物件は異なる。証拠として使い盲信しない。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/official-property-data","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:compare-property-listings","guide:finding-property","guide:hazard-maps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Real Estate Information Network System","url":"https://www.reins.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"国土交通省","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"公式ツール(国交省の不動産情報ライブラリ・公示地価検索・REINSの市場情報・ハザードポータル・国交省/都道府県の免許記録)は無料で、比較の証拠に強力です。ただしデータは遅れ得、物件はそれぞれ異なります。\n取引データ・地価・災害・免許・公的登記。\n国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは価格・地価・都市計画・災害を統合する。\nREINSの市場情報は取引事例を提供する。\n国交省・都道府県の記録で仲介の免許を無料で確認できる。\nデータは遅れ得、物件は異なる。証拠として使い盲信しない。\n概要\n公式データツールは無料で強力です。国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは取引価格・公示地価・都市計画・災害・生活利便を統合し、REINSの市場情報は取引事例を提供し、ハザードポータルは災害リスクを示し、国交省・都道府県の免許記録は支払う前に仲介の免許と行政処分を確認できます。データは遅れ得、物件は異なるため、これらを掲載や仲介を確認する強力な証拠として使い、最終評価とはしないでください。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n公式データは遅れ得、物件は異なります。掲載の確認と免許の照合に使い、最終評価とはしないこと。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：国交省の不動産情報ライブラリは価格・地価・都市計画・災害を統合する。REINSの市場情報は取引事例を提供する。国交省・都道府県の記録で仲介の免許を無料で確認できる。データは遅れ得、物件は異なる。証拠として使い盲信しない。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/official-property-data","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:suumo-portal:ja","entityId":"guide:suumo-portal","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SUUMO","plainText":"SUUMO(リクルート)は日本最大級の不動産ポータルの一つで、多くの仲介の賃貸・売買掲載を集約します。発見と広告のツールであり独立した買主代理ではなく、重複掲載が一般的です。\n日本最大級の不動産ポータル：在庫・英語対応・検索・収益モデル。\n日本最大級の広い賃貸・売買在庫を持つポータル。\n掲載は多くの仲介から。重複が一般的。\n発見と広告のツールであり買主代理ではない。\n英語対応は限定的で主に日本語。\n概要\nリクルートが運営するSUUMOは日本最大級のポータルの一つで、多くの仲介から集約した広い賃貸・売買在庫を持ちます。強みは在庫の広さと検索、限界は日本語優先で掲載が重複・古いことがあり、広告で収益化されるため目立つ掲載は品質でなく有料掲載を反映することです。発見と市場理解に使い、具体的な物件を確認しましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\nSUUMOは広告ポータルであり買主代理ではありません。目立つ掲載は有料で、重複が一般的です。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：日本最大級の広い賃貸・売買在庫を持つポータル。掲載は多くの仲介から。重複が一般的。発見と広告のツールであり買主代理ではない。英語対応は限定的で主に日本語。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/suumo-portal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portals","guide:finding-property","guide:lifull-homes-portal"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"SUUMO(リクルート)は日本最大級の不動産ポータルの一つで、多くの仲介の賃貸・売買掲載を集約します。発見と広告のツールであり独立した買主代理ではなく、重複掲載が一般的です。\n日本最大級の不動産ポータル：在庫・英語対応・検索・収益モデル。\n日本最大級の広い賃貸・売買在庫を持つポータル。\n掲載は多くの仲介から。重複が一般的。\n発見と広告のツールであり買主代理ではない。\n英語対応は限定的で主に日本語。\n概要\nリクルートが運営するSUUMOは日本最大級のポータルの一つで、多くの仲介から集約した広い賃貸・売買在庫を持ちます。強みは在庫の広さと検索、限界は日本語優先で掲載が重複・古いことがあり、広告で収益化されるため目立つ掲載は品質でなく有料掲載を反映することです。発見と市場理解に使い、具体的な物件を確認しましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\nSUUMOは広告ポータルであり買主代理ではありません。目立つ掲載は有料で、重複が一般的です。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：日本最大級の広い賃貸・売買在庫を持つポータル。掲載は多くの仲介から。重複が一般的。発見と広告のツールであり買主代理ではない。英語対応は限定的で主に日本語。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/suumo-portal","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:lifull-homes-portal:ja","entityId":"guide:lifull-homes-portal","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"LIFULL HOME’S","plainText":"LIFULL HOME’Sは、広い在庫と強力な検索・地図機能を持つ日本の大手不動産ポータルです。すべてのポータルと同様、広告で成り立つ発見であり独立した買主代理ではありません。\n大手不動産ポータル：在庫・検索と地図機能・収益モデル。\n広い在庫と地図/検索機能を持つ大手ポータル。\n広告で成り立ち、順位は有料掲載を反映する。\n他のポータル同様、重複掲載が起きる。\n発見のツールで、調査や代理ではない。\n概要\nLIFULL HOME’Sは日本の大手不動産ポータルの一つで、広い在庫と便利な地図・検索機能で知られます。すべてのポータルと同様、広告で成り立つ発見で、仲介が掲載料を払い、順位は有料掲載を反映し、重複掲載が起きます。候補探しと市場理解の強力なツールですが、権利・法務・建物・財務の調査は提供せず、買主代理でもありません。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\nすべてのポータルと同様、LIFULL HOME’Sは広告で成り立つ発見です。物件を独自に確認し、重複を想定しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：広い在庫と地図/検索機能を持つ大手ポータル。広告で成り立ち、順位は有料掲載を反映する。他のポータル同様、重複掲載が起きる。発見のツールで、調査や代理ではない。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/lifull-homes-portal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-portals","guide:suumo-portal","guide:finding-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"LIFULL HOME’Sは、広い在庫と強力な検索・地図機能を持つ日本の大手不動産ポータルです。すべてのポータルと同様、広告で成り立つ発見であり独立した買主代理ではありません。\n大手不動産ポータル：在庫・検索と地図機能・収益モデル。\n広い在庫と地図/検索機能を持つ大手ポータル。\n広告で成り立ち、順位は有料掲載を反映する。\n他のポータル同様、重複掲載が起きる。\n発見のツールで、調査や代理ではない。\n概要\nLIFULL HOME’Sは日本の大手不動産ポータルの一つで、広い在庫と便利な地図・検索機能で知られます。すべてのポータルと同様、広告で成り立つ発見で、仲介が掲載料を払い、順位は有料掲載を反映し、重複掲載が起きます。候補探しと市場理解の強力なツールですが、権利・法務・建物・財務の調査は提供せず、買主代理でもありません。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\nすべてのポータルと同様、LIFULL HOME’Sは広告で成り立つ発見です。物件を独自に確認し、重複を想定しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：広い在庫と地図/検索機能を持つ大手ポータル。広告で成り立ち、順位は有料掲載を反映する。他のポータル同様、重複掲載が起きる。発見のツールで、調査や代理ではない。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/lifull-homes-portal","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:kakaku-mortgage-profile:ja","entityId":"guide:kakaku-mortgage-profile","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"価格.com 住宅ローン比較","plainText":"価格.comの住宅ローン比較は金利と申込リンクを集約します。借り手には無料で紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つため、順位は参加商品を優先し得ます。どの金融機関が除外かを尋ねましょう。\n住宅ローン比較サービス：参加金融機関・紹介モデル・除外。\n広告金利と申込リンクを集約する。\n借り手には無料で紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つ。\n順位は参加商品を優先し得る。\n見込みの入口として使い、日付入り見積りで確認する。\n概要\n価格.comの住宅ローン欄は広告金利と各社申込へのリンクを集約し、最初のふるいに便利です。他の比較サービス同様、紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つため借り手には無料で、順位は参加商品を優先し他を除外し得ます。見込みの入口と捉え、どの金融機関が含まれないかを尋ね、保有期間で日付入り見積りにより提示を確認しましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n順位は参加金融機関を優先し得ます。除外を尋ね、提示を日付入り見積りで確認しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：広告金利と申込リンクを集約する。借り手には無料で紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つ。順位は参加商品を優先し得る。見込みの入口として使い、日付入り見積りで確認する。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/kakaku-mortgage-profile","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-comparison-services","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:mogecheck-profile"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"価格.comの住宅ローン比較は金利と申込リンクを集約します。借り手には無料で紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つため、順位は参加商品を優先し得ます。どの金融機関が除外かを尋ねましょう。\n住宅ローン比較サービス：参加金融機関・紹介モデル・除外。\n広告金利と申込リンクを集約する。\n借り手には無料で紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つ。\n順位は参加商品を優先し得る。\n見込みの入口として使い、日付入り見積りで確認する。\n概要\n価格.comの住宅ローン欄は広告金利と各社申込へのリンクを集約し、最初のふるいに便利です。他の比較サービス同様、紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つため借り手には無料で、順位は参加商品を優先し他を除外し得ます。見込みの入口と捉え、どの金融機関が含まれないかを尋ね、保有期間で日付入り見積りにより提示を確認しましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n順位は参加金融機関を優先し得ます。除外を尋ね、提示を日付入り見積りで確認しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：広告金利と申込リンクを集約する。借り手には無料で紹介や貸し手のマーケティングで成り立つ。順位は参加商品を優先し得る。見込みの入口として使い、日付入り見積りで確認する。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/kakaku-mortgage-profile","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mogecheck-profile:ja","entityId":"guide:mogecheck-profile","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"モゲチェック","plainText":"モゲチェックは住宅ローンの比較と、見込み金利や借換の節約の診断を提供します。借り手には無料で紹介で収益化するため、どの金融機関が対象かを確認し、提示を直接検証しましょう。\n住宅ローンの比較・診断サービス：モデル・申込支援・除外。\n比較に加え金利/借換の診断を提供する。\n借り手には無料で紹介で収益化する。\nどの金融機関が対象・除外かを確認する。\n示された金利を日付入り見積りで直接検証する。\n概要\nモゲチェックは住宅ローンの比較と、得られ得る金利や借換の節約の診断を提供し、多くの借り手が方向づけに役立つと感じます。借り手には無料で紹介の取り決めで収益化するため、対象とする金融機関の範囲や順位はその関係を反映し得ます。どの金融機関が対象・非対象かを確認し、示された金利を直接検証する出発点と捉えましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n対象の金融機関や順位は紹介関係を反映し得ます。対象を確認し、示された金利を直接検証しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：比較に加え金利/借換の診断を提供する。借り手には無料で紹介で収益化する。どの金融機関が対象・除外かを確認する。示された金利を日付入り見積りで直接検証する。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mogecheck-profile","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-comparison-services","guide:mortgage-refinancing","guide:kakaku-mortgage-profile"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"モゲチェックは住宅ローンの比較と、見込み金利や借換の節約の診断を提供します。借り手には無料で紹介で収益化するため、どの金融機関が対象かを確認し、提示を直接検証しましょう。\n住宅ローンの比較・診断サービス：モデル・申込支援・除外。\n比較に加え金利/借換の診断を提供する。\n借り手には無料で紹介で収益化する。\nどの金融機関が対象・除外かを確認する。\n示された金利を日付入り見積りで直接検証する。\n概要\nモゲチェックは住宅ローンの比較と、得られ得る金利や借換の節約の診断を提供し、多くの借り手が方向づけに役立つと感じます。借り手には無料で紹介の取り決めで収益化するため、対象とする金融機関の範囲や順位はその関係を反映し得ます。どの金融機関が対象・非対象かを確認し、示された金利を直接検証する出発点と捉えましょう。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n対象の金融機関や順位は紹介関係を反映し得ます。対象を確認し、示された金利を直接検証しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：比較に加え金利/借換の診断を提供する。借り手には無料で紹介で収益化する。どの金融機関が対象・除外かを確認する。示された金利を日付入り見積りで直接検証する。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mogecheck-profile","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mitsui-rehouse-profile:ja","entityId":"guide:mitsui-rehouse-profile","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"三井のリハウス","plainText":"三井のリハウスは、買主・売主の双方を扱う大手全国仲介です。手数料制で、掲載側は売主を代理または依存し得ます。誰を代理するか尋ね、手数料を法定上限と照合しましょう。\n大手仲介：対応・買主/売主対応・手数料・代理関係。\n買主・売主の双方を扱う大手全国仲介。\n手数料制で法定上限の対象。\n掲載側は売主を代理または依存し得る。\n免許を確認し両手仲介を尋ねる。\n概要\n三井のリハウスは日本最大級の仲介の一つで、全国で営業し取引の買主・売主の双方を扱います。手数料制で法定上限の対象で、どの仲介とも同様、掲載側は売主を代理または経済的に依存し得ます。強いブランドと広い在庫は本物の利点ですが、誰を代理するか・両手仲介があるかを尋ね、手数料を確認する必要をなくすものではありません。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n強いブランドでも売主側の利益相反は消えません。誰を代理するか尋ね、手数料を法定上限と照合しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：買主・売主の双方を扱う大手全国仲介。手数料制で法定上限の対象。掲載側は売主を代理または依存し得る。免許を確認し両手仲介を尋ねる。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mitsui-rehouse-profile","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:real-estate-brokerages","guide:real-estate-agents-japan","guide:real-estate-brokerage-fees"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"三井のリハウスは、買主・売主の双方を扱う大手全国仲介です。手数料制で、掲載側は売主を代理または依存し得ます。誰を代理するか尋ね、手数料を法定上限と照合しましょう。\n大手仲介：対応・買主/売主対応・手数料・代理関係。\n買主・売主の双方を扱う大手全国仲介。\n手数料制で法定上限の対象。\n掲載側は売主を代理または依存し得る。\n免許を確認し両手仲介を尋ねる。\n概要\n三井のリハウスは日本最大級の仲介の一つで、全国で営業し取引の買主・売主の双方を扱います。手数料制で法定上限の対象で、どの仲介とも同様、掲載側は売主を代理または経済的に依存し得ます。強いブランドと広い在庫は本物の利点ですが、誰を代理するか・両手仲介があるかを尋ね、手数料を確認する必要をなくすものではありません。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n強いブランドでも売主側の利益相反は消えません。誰を代理するか尋ね、手数料を法定上限と照合しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：買主・売主の双方を扱う大手全国仲介。手数料制で法定上限の対象。掲載側は売主を代理または依存し得る。免許を確認し両手仲介を尋ねる。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mitsui-rehouse-profile","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:plaza-homes-profile:ja","entityId":"guide:plaza-homes-profile","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"プラザホームズ","plainText":"プラザホームズは、賃貸・売買・管理にわたり外国人居住者への英語サービスで知られる東京中心の会社です。各取引で、あなたの仲介として動くか、どう報酬を得るかを確認しましょう。\n外国人対応の会社：言語・対応地域・サービス・確認事項。\n東京中心で、賃貸・売買・管理にわたり英語サービス。\n仲介であり管理会社。取引での役割を確認する。\n外国人居住者には英語対応が本物の強み。\n手数料と助言の独立性を確認する。\n概要\nプラザホームズは、賃貸・売買・不動産管理にわたり外国人居住者への英語サービスでよく知られる東京中心の会社です。英語を好む買い手にはその支援が本物の利点です。どの会社とも同様、具体的な取引での役割(あなたの仲介か、売主か、双方か)、報酬の受け方、助言の独立性を確認しましょう。「英語サービス」と「独立した買主代理」は別物だからです。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n英語サービスは独立した買主代理と同じではありません。各取引で会社の役割・手数料・独立性を確認しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：東京中心で、賃貸・売買・管理にわたり英語サービス。仲介であり管理会社。取引での役割を確認する。外国人居住者には英語対応が本物の強み。手数料と助言の独立性を確認する。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/plaza-homes-profile","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreign-friendly-real-estate","guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:buyers-agents"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"プラザホームズは、賃貸・売買・管理にわたり外国人居住者への英語サービスで知られる東京中心の会社です。各取引で、あなたの仲介として動くか、どう報酬を得るかを確認しましょう。\n外国人対応の会社：言語・対応地域・サービス・確認事項。\n東京中心で、賃貸・売買・管理にわたり英語サービス。\n仲介であり管理会社。取引での役割を確認する。\n外国人居住者には英語対応が本物の強み。\n手数料と助言の独立性を確認する。\n概要\nプラザホームズは、賃貸・売買・不動産管理にわたり外国人居住者への英語サービスでよく知られる東京中心の会社です。英語を好む買い手にはその支援が本物の利点です。どの会社とも同様、具体的な取引での役割(あなたの仲介か、売主か、双方か)、報酬の受け方、助言の独立性を確認しましょう。「英語サービス」と「独立した買主代理」は別物だからです。\n確認すべき手数料と利益相反\n英語サービスは独立した買主代理と同じではありません。各取引で会社の役割・手数料・独立性を確認しましょう。\n頼る前に確認すること\n要点：東京中心で、賃貸・売買・管理にわたり英語サービス。仲介であり管理会社。取引での役割を確認する。外国人居住者には英語対応が本物の強み。手数料と助言の独立性を確認する。\nどの区分でも、頼る前に3つを確かめましょう。その会社が実際にどんな業態か（免許を持つ仲介・ポータル・紹介やメディア業・管理会社・独立した専門家）、どう報酬を得るか（あなた・売主や貸し手・紹介）、したがって助言が推奨する取引から独立しているか、です。手数料は書面で求め、免許や処分歴を公式の登録で確認し、無料のサービスは誰か（多くは広告主・貸し手・売主）が払っていると捉えましょう。英語サイトは代理関係を何も語らないため、具体的な取引で提供者が誰の利益に仕えるかを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/plaza-homes-profile","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-rates:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-rates","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の住宅ローン金利の現状","plainText":"2026年8月1日時点で、日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%、主要な変動金利は概ね0.945〜1.025%(上昇が予告済み)、標準フラット35は21〜35年で約3.29%でした。いずれも広告の実行月の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。\n広告金利・実行月・条件・告知された変更・出典。\n日銀目標約1.0%、無担保コール翌日物は2026年7月末で約0.977%。\n主要変動は約0.945〜1.025%、みずほは2027年1月から1.275%以上を予告。\n標準フラット35は21〜35年で約3.29%(JHF公式は8月1日時点でなお7月表示)。\nすべて2026年8月1日確認の広告実行月金利。現行金利を確認すること。\n2026年8月のスナップショット\n2026年8月1日時点で、日本はゼロ金利期を脱していました。日銀の誘導目標は6月の決定後で約1.0%、無担保コール翌日物の平均は7月末で約0.977%でした。主要な広告変動金利は約0.945%(MUFG主ページ)、0.984%(au Jibun BankがLTV80%以下・最大割引後)、1.025%(みずほ新規変動)で、標準フラット35は各社で21〜35年約3.29%、JHF公式ページは8月1日時点でなお7月の3.14%を表示していました。\nこれらの金利は注意して読む\nこれらは広告の実行月の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。低い変動金利はLTV80%以下を要し、最大割引を前提とし、サービス条件に依存し、審査後により高いリスク価格に置き換わり得ます。複数の貸し手が上昇を予告しました。みずほは2027年1月以降1.275%以上を警告、りそなは2026年10月のプライムレート変更(2027年1月以降の返済に影響)を告知、PayPay銀行の長期上乗せは2026年9月から上がります。告知された将来の返済額を試算し、申込時と実行時に日付入り見積りで現行金利を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：日銀目標約1.0%、無担保コール翌日物は2026年7月末で約0.977%。主要変動は約0.945〜1.025%、みずほは2027年1月から1.275%以上を予告。標準フラット35は21〜35年で約3.29%(JHF公式は8月1日時点でなお7月表示)。すべて2026年8月1日確認の広告実行月金利。現行金利を確認すること。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-rates","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","faq:loan-rate-rise","faq:loan-compare-fairly"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:mortgage-rate-history","guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","guide:mortgage-advertising-rates","guide:interest-rates"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/statistics/market/short/mutan/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/loan/housing/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"2026年8月1日時点で、日銀の誘導目標は約1.0%、主要な変動金利は概ね0.945〜1.025%(上昇が予告済み)、標準フラット35は21〜35年で約3.29%でした。いずれも広告の実行月の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。\n広告金利・実行月・条件・告知された変更・出典。\n日銀目標約1.0%、無担保コール翌日物は2026年7月末で約0.977%。\n主要変動は約0.945〜1.025%、みずほは2027年1月から1.275%以上を予告。\n標準フラット35は21〜35年で約3.29%(JHF公式は8月1日時点でなお7月表示)。\nすべて2026年8月1日確認の広告実行月金利。現行金利を確認すること。\n2026年8月のスナップショット\n2026年8月1日時点で、日本はゼロ金利期を脱していました。日銀の誘導目標は6月の決定後で約1.0%、無担保コール翌日物の平均は7月末で約0.977%でした。主要な広告変動金利は約0.945%(MUFG主ページ)、0.984%(au Jibun BankがLTV80%以下・最大割引後)、1.025%(みずほ新規変動)で、標準フラット35は各社で21〜35年約3.29%、JHF公式ページは8月1日時点でなお7月の3.14%を表示していました。\nこれらの金利は注意して読む\nこれらは広告の実行月の数値で、確定した提示ではありません。低い変動金利はLTV80%以下を要し、最大割引を前提とし、サービス条件に依存し、審査後により高いリスク価格に置き換わり得ます。複数の貸し手が上昇を予告しました。みずほは2027年1月以降1.275%以上を警告、りそなは2026年10月のプライムレート変更(2027年1月以降の返済に影響)を告知、PayPay銀行の長期上乗せは2026年9月から上がります。告知された将来の返済額を試算し、申込時と実行時に日付入り見積りで現行金利を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：日銀目標約1.0%、無担保コール翌日物は2026年7月末で約0.977%。主要変動は約0.945〜1.025%、みずほは2027年1月から1.275%以上を予告。標準フラット35は21〜35年で約3.29%(JHF公式は8月1日時点でなお7月表示)。すべて2026年8月1日確認の広告実行月金利。現行金利を確認すること。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-rates","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compare-mortgage-lenders:ja","entityId":"guide:compare-mortgage-lenders","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の住宅ローンを比較する","plainText":"同じ実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間で比較します。提供者・広告金利・金額と期間の上限・手数料・永住/在留の規則・英語対応。そのうえで実際の提示を日付入り書面見積りで確認します。\n提供者・金利・期間・金額・LTV・手数料・永住要件・英語対応・確認日。\n提供者・金利・期間・金額・LTV・手数料・永住規則・英語対応を比較する。\n実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間を固定する。\nネット銀行は金利で先行、店舗・専門は複雑案件や非永住に対応する。\n実際の提示を保有期間で日付入り書面見積りにより確認する。\n比較する項目\n公平な比較は、変数を固定(同じ実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間)し、提供者・広告金利・最低と最高の金額と期間・LTV上乗せ・手数料表(事務・保証・鑑定・登記・繰上返済)・永住/在留の規則・英語対応・確認日を比較します。ネット銀行(au Jibun Bank・住信SBI・PayPay)は標準的な給与案件で金利が先行しがちで、メガバンク(MUFG・みずほ・りそな)は店舗対応と例外処理を加え、プレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガは外国人・非永住の案件に対応します。\n全国ランキングでなく候補リストを作る\n全国の「ベスト」ランキングより、在留資格・収入形態・物件で絞った候補リストのほうが有効です。地域機関には地理・会員の規則があり、各社の価格は借り手と物件に依存するためです。メガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルート(フラット35や外国人向け)を網羅し、日付入り見積りを取り、保有期間での総内部コストを比較します。5,000万円への2.20%手数料は110万円で、短期保有ではわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：提供者・金利・期間・金額・LTV・手数料・永住規則・英語対応を比較する。実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間を固定する。ネット銀行は金利で先行、店舗・専門は複雑案件や非永住に対応する。実際の提示を保有期間で日付入り書面見積りにより確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/compare-mortgage-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-compare-fairly","faq:loan-how-many-lenders","faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:mortgage-lenders","guide:mortgage-rates","guide:compare-mortgages-methodology","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/kariru/jutaku/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Jibun Bank","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/products/homeloan/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"同じ実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間で比較します。提供者・広告金利・金額と期間の上限・手数料・永住/在留の規則・英語対応。そのうえで実際の提示を日付入り書面見積りで確認します。\n提供者・金利・期間・金額・LTV・手数料・永住要件・英語対応・確認日。\n提供者・金利・期間・金額・LTV・手数料・永住規則・英語対応を比較する。\n実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間を固定する。\nネット銀行は金利で先行、店舗・専門は複雑案件や非永住に対応する。\n実際の提示を保有期間で日付入り書面見積りにより確認する。\n比較する項目\n公平な比較は、変数を固定(同じ実行日・LTV帯・期間・保険・想定保有期間)し、提供者・広告金利・最低と最高の金額と期間・LTV上乗せ・手数料表(事務・保証・鑑定・登記・繰上返済)・永住/在留の規則・英語対応・確認日を比較します。ネット銀行(au Jibun Bank・住信SBI・PayPay)は標準的な給与案件で金利が先行しがちで、メガバンク(MUFG・みずほ・りそな)は店舗対応と例外処理を加え、プレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガは外国人・非永住の案件に対応します。\n全国ランキングでなく候補リストを作る\n全国の「ベスト」ランキングより、在留資格・収入形態・物件で絞った候補リストのほうが有効です。地域機関には地理・会員の規則があり、各社の価格は借り手と物件に依存するためです。メガバンク・ネット銀行・関係や地方の銀行・必要な専門ルート(フラット35や外国人向け)を網羅し、日付入り見積りを取り、保有期間での総内部コストを比較します。5,000万円への2.20%手数料は110万円で、短期保有ではわずかな金利差を上回り得ます。\n押さえておきたい要点：提供者・金利・期間・金額・LTV・手数料・永住規則・英語対応を比較する。実行日・LTV・期間・保険・保有期間を固定する。ネット銀行は金利で先行、店舗・専門は複雑案件や非永住に対応する。実際の提示を保有期間で日付入り書面見積りにより確認する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/compare-mortgage-lenders","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-calculator:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン返済計算ツール","plainText":"金額・金利・期間・返済方法を入力すると、毎月の返済・総利息・償却が出ます。高い金利でも再計算し、返済額の感応度を確認しましょう。\n金額・金利・期間・返済方法から、毎月の返済・利息・償却へ。\n毎月の返済・総利息・償却表を示す。\n元利均等と元金均等を比較する。\n1〜2%の金利差も35年では大きい。\n手数料・保険・税は除く。別途加える。\n入力と出力\n入力：借入額・名目年率・期間(年)・返済方法(元利均等か元金均等)。\n出力：毎月の返済・期間の総利息・各期の利息/元金の内訳を示す償却表。\n結果の読み方\n計算ツールはローンのコストのみを示します。真のコストには手数料・保険・税を加え、変動なら＋1・＋2・＋3%で必ず再計算しましょう。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：毎月の返済・総利息・償却表を示す。元利均等と元金均等を比較する。1〜2%の金利差も35年では大きい。手数料・保険・税は除く。別途加える。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：毎月の返済・総利息・償却表を示す。元利均等と元金均等を比較する。1〜2%の金利差も35年では大きい。手数料・保険・税は除く。別途加える。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-what-amortization","faq:loan-level-principal-interest"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-amortization","guide:repayment-method-comparison","guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"金額・金利・期間・返済方法を入力すると、毎月の返済・総利息・償却が出ます。高い金利でも再計算し、返済額の感応度を確認しましょう。\n金額・金利・期間・返済方法から、毎月の返済・利息・償却へ。\n毎月の返済・総利息・償却表を示す。\n元利均等と元金均等を比較する。\n1〜2%の金利差も35年では大きい。\n手数料・保険・税は除く。別途加える。\n入力と出力\n入力：借入額・名目年率・期間(年)・返済方法(元利均等か元金均等)。\n出力：毎月の返済・期間の総利息・各期の利息/元金の内訳を示す償却表。\n結果の読み方\n計算ツールはローンのコストのみを示します。真のコストには手数料・保険・税を加え、変動なら＋1・＋2・＋3%で必ず再計算しましょう。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：毎月の返済・総利息・償却表を示す。元利均等と元金均等を比較する。1〜2%の金利差も35年では大きい。手数料・保険・税は除く。別途加える。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：毎月の返済・総利息・償却表を示す。元利均等と元金均等を比較する。1〜2%の金利差も35年では大きい。手数料・保険・税は除く。別途加える。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-calculator","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン返済能力計算ツール","plainText":"収入・債務・支出・備えを入力すると、住居費総額・返済負担率・堅実な物件価格帯が出ます。返済額は提示金利＋1・2・3%でストレスをかけます。\n収入・債務・支出・税・備え・金利ストレスから、堅実な物件価格帯へ。\n住居費総額・返済負担率・堅実な価格帯を示す。\n返済額を＋1・＋2・＋3%でストレスをかける。\nストレス下の住居費が手取りの約35%を超えると警告する。\n銀行の上限は家計への推奨ではない。\n入力と出力\n入力：総収入と手取り・安定賞与・世帯人数・他の返済・借入額・金利・期間・税・管理費/積立金/保険/駐車場・維持積立・退職年齢・想定される収入減。\n出力：毎月の返済・住居費総額・総返済負担率・手取りに対する住居費比率・退職時残高・総利息・最低緊急資金。\n結果の読み方\n当初金利でしか返済できないローンは負担可能ではありません。手取りの堅実な割合を超えるストレス費用や、稼働所得を超えて続くローンを警告します。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：住居費総額・返済負担率・堅実な価格帯を示す。返済額を＋1・＋2・＋3%でストレスをかける。ストレス下の住居費が手取りの約35%を超えると警告する。銀行の上限は家計への推奨ではない。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-affordability-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-borrow-maximum","faq:loan-what-dti"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-budget","guide:debt-to-income-japan","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/user/simulation/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"収入・債務・支出・備えを入力すると、住居費総額・返済負担率・堅実な物件価格帯が出ます。返済額は提示金利＋1・2・3%でストレスをかけます。\n収入・債務・支出・税・備え・金利ストレスから、堅実な物件価格帯へ。\n住居費総額・返済負担率・堅実な価格帯を示す。\n返済額を＋1・＋2・＋3%でストレスをかける。\nストレス下の住居費が手取りの約35%を超えると警告する。\n銀行の上限は家計への推奨ではない。\n入力と出力\n入力：総収入と手取り・安定賞与・世帯人数・他の返済・借入額・金利・期間・税・管理費/積立金/保険/駐車場・維持積立・退職年齢・想定される収入減。\n出力：毎月の返済・住居費総額・総返済負担率・手取りに対する住居費比率・退職時残高・総利息・最低緊急資金。\n結果の読み方\n当初金利でしか返済できないローンは負担可能ではありません。手取りの堅実な割合を超えるストレス費用や、稼働所得を超えて続くローンを警告します。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：住居費総額・返済負担率・堅実な価格帯を示す。返済額を＋1・＋2・＋3%でストレスをかける。ストレス下の住居費が手取りの約35%を超えると警告する。銀行の上限は家計への推奨ではない。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-affordability-calculator","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-purchase-cost:ja","entityId":"guide:property-purchase-cost","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"購入総費用の計算ツール","plainText":"価格・頭金・費用の前提を入力すると、契約時の現金・決済時の現金・後の税の現金・必要現金の総額・残る流動性が出ます。頭金よりはるかに多くを計画できます。\n価格・頭金・手数料・登記・税・保険・引越から、必要現金の総額へ。\n現金を契約・決済・後の税の段階に分ける。\n仲介・ローン手数料・登記・税・保険・引越を含む。\n必要現金の総額と残る流動性を示す。\n諸費用は価格の約6〜10%であることを示す。\n入力と出力\n入力：価格・新築/中古・売主/デベロッパー/仲介・頭金・融資・手数料モデル・土地建物の評価額・立地・登記の軽減・検査・保険・リフォーム・引越・家具・取得税。\n出力：契約時の現金・決済時の現金・後の税の現金・必要現金の総額・残る流動性・取得の総原価。\n結果の読み方\n貯金をすべて頭金に使わないこと。頭金に加えて確保すべき6〜10%の諸費用と後の取得税を示します。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：現金を契約・決済・後の税の段階に分ける。仲介・ローン手数料・登記・税・保険・引越を含む。必要現金の総額と残る流動性を示す。諸費用は価格の約6〜10%であることを示す。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-purchase-cost","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-fees-outside-price"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property","guide:property-closing-costs","guide:down-payment-comparison"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"東京都主税局","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shitsumon/fudosan/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"価格・頭金・費用の前提を入力すると、契約時の現金・決済時の現金・後の税の現金・必要現金の総額・残る流動性が出ます。頭金よりはるかに多くを計画できます。\n価格・頭金・手数料・登記・税・保険・引越から、必要現金の総額へ。\n現金を契約・決済・後の税の段階に分ける。\n仲介・ローン手数料・登記・税・保険・引越を含む。\n必要現金の総額と残る流動性を示す。\n諸費用は価格の約6〜10%であることを示す。\n入力と出力\n入力：価格・新築/中古・売主/デベロッパー/仲介・頭金・融資・手数料モデル・土地建物の評価額・立地・登記の軽減・検査・保険・リフォーム・引越・家具・取得税。\n出力：契約時の現金・決済時の現金・後の税の現金・必要現金の総額・残る流動性・取得の総原価。\n結果の読み方\n貯金をすべて頭金に使わないこと。頭金に加えて確保すべき6〜10%の諸費用と後の取得税を示します。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：現金を契約・決済・後の税の段階に分ける。仲介・ローン手数料・登記・税・保険・引越を含む。必要現金の総額と残る流動性を示す。諸費用は価格の約6〜10%であることを示す。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-purchase-cost","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fixed-vs-variable-calculator:ja","entityId":"guide:fixed-vs-variable-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"固定・変動シミュレーター","plainText":"安定・緩やか・速い・反転・急激の各金利経路で両構造をモデル化し、毎月の返済・残高・累積利息を見ます。ストレス経路に耐えられる場合のみ変動を選べます。\n当初金利・見直しの経路・期間・残高から、金利シナリオ別の累積コストへ。\n5つの金利シナリオで固定と変動を比較する。\n各々の毎月の返済・残高・累積利息を示す。\n契約の返済見直しと未払利息のルールをモデル化する。\n＋2〜＋3%の経路に耐えられる場合のみ変動を選ぶ。\n入力と出力\n入力：固定・変動の当初金利・期間・残高・金利経路(安定=変化なし、緩やか=4年間12か月ごと＋0.25、速い=4年間毎年＋0.50、反転=＋1.50後に一部低下、急激=即時＋2・後に＋1)。\n出力：各構造・各経路について、毎月の返済・残高・累積利息。実際の契約の見直しルールと未払利息の扱いをモデル化。\n結果の読み方\n計算ツールは試す金利経路次第です。＋2〜＋3%の経路で破綻する家計は変動を選ぶべきではありません。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：5つの金利シナリオで固定と変動を比較する。各々の毎月の返済・残高・累積利息を示す。契約の返済見直しと未払利息のルールをモデル化する。＋2〜＋3%の経路に耐えられる場合のみ変動を選ぶ。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/fixed-vs-variable-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","faq:loan-variable-risky"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","guide:fixed-variable-interest-explained","guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"安定・緩やか・速い・反転・急激の各金利経路で両構造をモデル化し、毎月の返済・残高・累積利息を見ます。ストレス経路に耐えられる場合のみ変動を選べます。\n当初金利・見直しの経路・期間・残高から、金利シナリオ別の累積コストへ。\n5つの金利シナリオで固定と変動を比較する。\n各々の毎月の返済・残高・累積利息を示す。\n契約の返済見直しと未払利息のルールをモデル化する。\n＋2〜＋3%の経路に耐えられる場合のみ変動を選ぶ。\n入力と出力\n入力：固定・変動の当初金利・期間・残高・金利経路(安定=変化なし、緩やか=4年間12か月ごと＋0.25、速い=4年間毎年＋0.50、反転=＋1.50後に一部低下、急激=即時＋2・後に＋1)。\n出力：各構造・各経路について、毎月の返済・残高・累積利息。実際の契約の見直しルールと未払利息の扱いをモデル化。\n結果の読み方\n計算ツールは試す金利経路次第です。＋2〜＋3%の経路で破綻する家計は変動を選ぶべきではありません。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：5つの金利シナリオで固定と変動を比較する。各々の毎月の返済・残高・累積利息を示す。契約の返済見直しと未払利息のルールをモデル化する。＋2〜＋3%の経路に耐えられる場合のみ変動を選ぶ。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/fixed-vs-variable-calculator","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-rate-stress-test","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"金利ストレステスト","plainText":"金利と家計を入力すると、現行金利と＋1・＋2・＋3%での返済額と、各水準で余剰が残るかが出ます。変動ローンが安全かの中核の試験です。\n現行金利＋1・2・3%から、返済額と家計の余剰へ。\n現行金利と＋1・＋2・＋3%での返済額を示す。\n各ストレス金利で家計の余剰が残るかを示す。\n変動金利の返済能力の中核の試験。\nストレス金利で余剰が消えるならローンが大きすぎる。\n入力と出力\n入力：現行金利・借入額と期間・家計の収入と支出。\n出力：現行金利と＋1・＋2・＋3%での毎月の返済と、残る家計の余剰。\n結果の読み方\n＋2〜＋3%の返済が余剰を消すか売却を迫るなら、そのローンは変動には大きすぎます。減らすか固定を選びましょう。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：現行金利と＋1・＋2・＋3%での返済額を示す。各ストレス金利で家計の余剰が残るかを示す。変動金利の返済能力の中核の試験。ストレス金利で余剰が消えるならローンが大きすぎる。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-rate-stress-test","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-variable-risky","faq:loan-rate-rise"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-vs-variable-mortgage","guide:variable-rate-mortgages","guide:mortgage-affordability-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Bank of Japan","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/mopo/mpmdeci/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"金利と家計を入力すると、現行金利と＋1・＋2・＋3%での返済額と、各水準で余剰が残るかが出ます。変動ローンが安全かの中核の試験です。\n現行金利＋1・2・3%から、返済額と家計の余剰へ。\n現行金利と＋1・＋2・＋3%での返済額を示す。\n各ストレス金利で家計の余剰が残るかを示す。\n変動金利の返済能力の中核の試験。\nストレス金利で余剰が消えるならローンが大きすぎる。\n入力と出力\n入力：現行金利・借入額と期間・家計の収入と支出。\n出力：現行金利と＋1・＋2・＋3%での毎月の返済と、残る家計の余剰。\n結果の読み方\n＋2〜＋3%の返済が余剰を消すか売却を迫るなら、そのローンは変動には大きすぎます。減らすか固定を選びましょう。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：現行金利と＋1・＋2・＋3%での返済額を示す。各ストレス金利で家計の余剰が残るかを示す。変動金利の返済能力の中核の試験。ストレス金利で余剰が消えるならローンが大きすぎる。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-rate-stress-test","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:early-mortgage-repayment:ja","entityId":"guide:early-mortgage-repayment","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"繰上返済の計算ツール","plainText":"追加返済を入力すると、期間短縮と返済額軽減それぞれの節約利息と短縮期間、失う流動性と損益分岐のリターンが出ます。\n追加返済・期間短縮と返済額軽減・節約利息・失う流動性。\n期間短縮と返済額軽減を比較する。\n節約利息・短縮期間・失う流動性を示す。\n失い得る住宅ローン控除を考慮する。\n他条件が同じなら通常は期間短縮が利息を多く節約する。\n入力と出力\n入力：現在残高・金利・残存期間・追加返済・手数料・方法(期間短縮か返済額軽減)・緊急資金の利回り・住宅ローン控除。\n出力：節約利息・短縮期間・失う流動性・繰上返済に勝つために現金が必要な損益分岐リターン。\n結果の読み方\n繰上返済の前に緊急資金を残しましょう。失い得る控除と、繰上返済が不利になるために現金が必要なリターンを示します。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：期間短縮と返済額軽減を比較する。節約利息・短縮期間・失う流動性を示す。失い得る住宅ローン控除を考慮する。他条件が同じなら通常は期間短縮が利息を多く節約する。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：期間短縮と返済額軽減を比較する。節約利息・短縮期間・失う流動性を示す。失い得る住宅ローン控除を考慮する。他条件が同じなら通常は期間短縮が利息を多く節約する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/early-mortgage-repayment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-early-always-best","faq:loan-term-vs-payment-reduction"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:early-repayment","guide:mortgage-tax-deduction","guide:mortgage-amortization"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"追加返済を入力すると、期間短縮と返済額軽減それぞれの節約利息と短縮期間、失う流動性と損益分岐のリターンが出ます。\n追加返済・期間短縮と返済額軽減・節約利息・失う流動性。\n期間短縮と返済額軽減を比較する。\n節約利息・短縮期間・失う流動性を示す。\n失い得る住宅ローン控除を考慮する。\n他条件が同じなら通常は期間短縮が利息を多く節約する。\n入力と出力\n入力：現在残高・金利・残存期間・追加返済・手数料・方法(期間短縮か返済額軽減)・緊急資金の利回り・住宅ローン控除。\n出力：節約利息・短縮期間・失う流動性・繰上返済に勝つために現金が必要な損益分岐リターン。\n結果の読み方\n繰上返済の前に緊急資金を残しましょう。失い得る控除と、繰上返済が不利になるために現金が必要なリターンを示します。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：期間短縮と返済額軽減を比較する。節約利息・短縮期間・失う流動性を示す。失い得る住宅ローン控除を考慮する。他条件が同じなら通常は期間短縮が利息を多く節約する。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：期間短縮と返済額軽減を比較する。節約利息・短縮期間・失う流動性を示す。失い得る住宅ローン控除を考慮する。他条件が同じなら通常は期間短縮が利息を多く節約する。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/early-mortgage-repayment","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-refinancing-tool:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-refinancing-tool","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"借り換えの計算ツール","plainText":"現在のローンと新しい提示を入力すると、名目と現在価値の節約・損益分岐の月・当初満期時の残高が出ます。節約が新費用のすべてを上回るときだけ借り換えられます。\n現在残高・旧/新金利・手数料・残存期間から、損益分岐の時期へ。\n名目・現在価値の節約と損益分岐の月を示す。\n事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険の費用を含む。\n新しい長い期間は総コストの増加を隠し得る。\n現在価値の節約が新費用を上回るときのみ借り換える。\n入力と出力\n入力：現在残高・残存期間・現行金利の経路・新金利・新期間・定率/定額手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険上乗せ・想定保有期間。\n出力：名目の節約・現在価値の節約・損益分岐の月数・当初満期時の残高。\n結果の読み方\n期間延長による低い月返済は節約ではありません。現在価値の節約を新費用と健康審査のリスクと比較します。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：名目・現在価値の節約と損益分岐の月を示す。事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険の費用を含む。新しい長い期間は総コストの増加を隠し得る。現在価値の節約が新費用を上回るときのみ借り換える。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：名目・現在価値の節約と損益分岐の月を示す。事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険の費用を含む。新しい長い期間は総コストの増加を隠し得る。現在価値の節約が新費用を上回るときのみ借り換える。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-refinancing-tool","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-refinancing-makes-sense","faq:loan-extend-term-refinancing"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-refinancing","guide:refinance-vs-keep-mortgage","guide:refinancing-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"現在のローンと新しい提示を入力すると、名目と現在価値の節約・損益分岐の月・当初満期時の残高が出ます。節約が新費用のすべてを上回るときだけ借り換えられます。\n現在残高・旧/新金利・手数料・残存期間から、損益分岐の時期へ。\n名目・現在価値の節約と損益分岐の月を示す。\n事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険の費用を含む。\n新しい長い期間は総コストの増加を隠し得る。\n現在価値の節約が新費用を上回るときのみ借り換える。\n入力と出力\n入力：現在残高・残存期間・現行金利の経路・新金利・新期間・定率/定額手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険上乗せ・想定保有期間。\n出力：名目の節約・現在価値の節約・損益分岐の月数・当初満期時の残高。\n結果の読み方\n期間延長による低い月返済は節約ではありません。現在価値の節約を新費用と健康審査のリスクと比較します。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：名目・現在価値の節約と損益分岐の月を示す。事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険の費用を含む。新しい長い期間は総コストの増加を隠し得る。現在価値の節約が新費用を上回るときのみ借り換える。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：名目・現在価値の節約と損益分岐の月を示す。事務手数料・登記・司法書士・鑑定・保険の費用を含む。新しい長い期間は総コストの増加を隠し得る。現在価値の節約が新費用を上回るときのみ借り換える。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-refinancing-tool","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreigner-mortgage-checker:ja","entityId":"guide:foreigner-mortgage-checker","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人向け住宅ローン適格性チェッカー","plainText":"在留・永住・配偶者・収入・雇用・言語・頭金・物件用途の質問に答えると、目安となる金融機関群に振り分けられます。「承認」を出すものではなく、検討すべき現実的なルートのみを示します。\n永住・在留・配偶者・収入・雇用・言語・頭金から、目安となる金融機関ルートへ。\n金融機関群に振り分ける。「承認」は出さない。\n非居住者は現金または専門の投資融資に振り分ける。\n永住は主流群を開き、非永住は専門機関に振り分ける。\n頭金と物件用途で金融機関群をさらに絞る。\n入力と出力\n入力(振り分けの質問)：日本居住か・永住/特別永住か・日本人配偶者や保証人か・日本の課税所得の年数・雇用形態と勤続・日本語での意思疎通・頭金の割合・物件用途・物件の所在地/種類・信用情報の問題の有無。\n出力：目安となる金融機関ルート(主流・英語対応・専門の非永住・現金/投資)、書類の準備度スコア、開示/是正の道筋。承認ではありません。\n結果の読み方\nチェッカーは振り分けるだけで承認しません。非居住者は現金や専門融資に送られ、どのルートも本審査が必要です。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：金融機関群に振り分ける。「承認」は出さない。非居住者は現金または専門の投資融資に振り分ける。永住は主流群を開き、非永住は専門機関に振り分ける。頭金と物件用途で金融機関群をさらに絞る。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/foreigner-mortgage-checker","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-pr-mandatory"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"在留・永住・配偶者・収入・雇用・言語・頭金・物件用途の質問に答えると、目安となる金融機関群に振り分けられます。「承認」を出すものではなく、検討すべき現実的なルートのみを示します。\n永住・在留・配偶者・収入・雇用・言語・頭金から、目安となる金融機関ルートへ。\n金融機関群に振り分ける。「承認」は出さない。\n非居住者は現金または専門の投資融資に振り分ける。\n永住は主流群を開き、非永住は専門機関に振り分ける。\n頭金と物件用途で金融機関群をさらに絞る。\n入力と出力\n入力(振り分けの質問)：日本居住か・永住/特別永住か・日本人配偶者や保証人か・日本の課税所得の年数・雇用形態と勤続・日本語での意思疎通・頭金の割合・物件用途・物件の所在地/種類・信用情報の問題の有無。\n出力：目安となる金融機関ルート(主流・英語対応・専門の非永住・現金/投資)、書類の準備度スコア、開示/是正の道筋。承認ではありません。\n結果の読み方\nチェッカーは振り分けるだけで承認しません。非居住者は現金や専門融資に送られ、どのルートも本審査が必要です。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：金融機関群に振り分ける。「承認」は出さない。非居住者は現金または専門の投資融資に振り分ける。永住は主流群を開き、非永住は専門機関に振り分ける。頭金と物件用途で金融機関群をさらに絞る。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/foreigner-mortgage-checker","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:condo-financial-health:ja","entityId":"guide:condo-financial-health","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マンション財務健全性チェッカー","plainText":"積立金・滞納・修繕計画・組合借入・保険・運営を入力すると、建物の財務健全性を採点します。将来の一時金を生む安い現行費用はマイナス評価になります。\n積立金・滞納・修繕計画・借入・保険・運営から、リスク結果へ。\n㎡あたりの積立残高と月額積立を採点する。\n積立方法・滞納・借入・修繕計画を重視する。\n保険・運営・未解決の訴訟を含む。\n将来の一時金を意味する安い現行費用はマイナス評価。\n入力と出力\n入力：㎡あたりの積立残高と月額積立・積立方法(均等か逓増)・30年以上の修繕計画と更新日・次の大規模工事の見込みと不足額・所有者の滞納・組合借入・管理費の推移・商業/不在所有の集中・保険と地震補償・出席状況・未解決の訴訟・予定されるエレベーター/配管/外壁/耐震工事。\n出力：財務健全性のリスク結果。将来の一時金を生む安い現行月費用はプラス評価にならない。\n結果の読み方\n積立不足を映すなら安い月費用は良い評価ではありません。段階増額の低い初期費用は将来のリスクとして扱います。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：㎡あたりの積立残高と月額積立を採点する。積立方法・滞納・借入・修繕計画を重視する。保険・運営・未解決の訴訟を含む。将来の一時金を意味する安い現行費用はマイナス評価。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/condo-financial-health","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-condo-check","faq:loan-special-assessment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:evaluating-condominium","guide:condo-repair-reserve","guide:condominium-management-fees"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"積立金・滞納・修繕計画・組合借入・保険・運営を入力すると、建物の財務健全性を採点します。将来の一時金を生む安い現行費用はマイナス評価になります。\n積立金・滞納・修繕計画・借入・保険・運営から、リスク結果へ。\n㎡あたりの積立残高と月額積立を採点する。\n積立方法・滞納・借入・修繕計画を重視する。\n保険・運営・未解決の訴訟を含む。\n将来の一時金を意味する安い現行費用はマイナス評価。\n入力と出力\n入力：㎡あたりの積立残高と月額積立・積立方法(均等か逓増)・30年以上の修繕計画と更新日・次の大規模工事の見込みと不足額・所有者の滞納・組合借入・管理費の推移・商業/不在所有の集中・保険と地震補償・出席状況・未解決の訴訟・予定されるエレベーター/配管/外壁/耐震工事。\n出力：財務健全性のリスク結果。将来の一時金を生む安い現行月費用はプラス評価にならない。\n結果の読み方\n積立不足を映すなら安い月費用は良い評価ではありません。段階増額の低い初期費用は将来のリスクとして扱います。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：㎡あたりの積立残高と月額積立を採点する。積立方法・滞納・借入・修繕計画を重視する。保険・運営・未解決の訴訟を含む。将来の一時金を意味する安い現行費用はマイナス評価。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/condo-financial-health","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-investment-calculator:ja","entityId":"guide:property-investment-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"投資物件のキャッシュフロー計算ツール","plainText":"価格・賃料・空室・費用・融資・出口の前提を入力すると、粗/純利回り・NOI・DSCR・自己資金利回り・損益分岐入居率・税引後キャッシュフロー・IRRが出ます。粗利回りでなく事業として採算を見ます。\n価格・賃料・空室・費用・借入・出口から、NOI・DSCR・IRRへ。\n粗利回り・純利回り・NOI・DSCR・自己資金利回りを保持する。\n損益分岐入居率と税引後キャッシュフローを示す。\n賃料・空室・金利・出口価値への感応度を回す。\n住宅ローン元金を営業費用としない。\n入力と出力\n入力：価格・取得費用・賃料・空室・賃料下落・管理・客付け・税・保険・組合費・修繕・資本的支出・融資・売却キャップレート・売却費用・税。\n出力：粗利回り・純利回り・NOI・DSCR・自己資金利回り・損益分岐入居率・税引後キャッシュフロー・内部収益率・賃料/空室/金利/出口価値への感応度。\n結果の読み方\n粗利回り5〜6%も費用後は薄いか赤字のキャッシュ利回りになり得ます。NOIとDSCRを示し、表面利回りでなく取引を採算評価できます。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：粗利回り・純利回り・NOI・DSCR・自己資金利回りを保持する。損益分岐入居率と税引後キャッシュフローを示す。賃料・空室・金利・出口価値への感応度を回す。住宅ローン元金を営業費用としない。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-investment-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-gross-yield","faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:property-investment-japan","guide:investment-property-loans","guide:tokyo-vs-regional-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"価格・賃料・空室・費用・融資・出口の前提を入力すると、粗/純利回り・NOI・DSCR・自己資金利回り・損益分岐入居率・税引後キャッシュフロー・IRRが出ます。粗利回りでなく事業として採算を見ます。\n価格・賃料・空室・費用・借入・出口から、NOI・DSCR・IRRへ。\n粗利回り・純利回り・NOI・DSCR・自己資金利回りを保持する。\n損益分岐入居率と税引後キャッシュフローを示す。\n賃料・空室・金利・出口価値への感応度を回す。\n住宅ローン元金を営業費用としない。\n入力と出力\n入力：価格・取得費用・賃料・空室・賃料下落・管理・客付け・税・保険・組合費・修繕・資本的支出・融資・売却キャップレート・売却費用・税。\n出力：粗利回り・純利回り・NOI・DSCR・自己資金利回り・損益分岐入居率・税引後キャッシュフロー・内部収益率・賃料/空室/金利/出口価値への感応度。\n結果の読み方\n粗利回り5〜6%も費用後は薄いか赤字のキャッシュ利回りになり得ます。NOIとDSCRを示し、表面利回りでなく取引を採算評価できます。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：粗利回り・純利回り・NOI・DSCR・自己資金利回りを保持する。損益分岐入居率と税引後キャッシュフローを示す。賃料・空室・金利・出口価値への感応度を回す。住宅ローン元金を営業費用としない。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-investment-calculator","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:property-ownership-cost:ja","entityId":"guide:property-ownership-cost","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"固定資産税・保有コスト試算","plainText":"評価額・自治体・物件の詳細を入力すると、年間の保有コスト(固定資産税・都市計画税・保険・管理費と修繕積立金・維持積立)を試算します。\n評価額・自治体・物件種別・保険・費用・修繕から、年間コストへ。\n評価額から固定資産税・都市計画税を試算する。\n保険・管理費と修繕積立金・維持を加える。\n一戸建て(自己資金の積立)とマンションで異なる。\n評価額と税は時間とともに変わり得る。\n入力と出力\n入力：土地建物の評価額・自治体・物件種別(一戸建てかマンション)・保険・管理費/積立金・見込みの修繕。\n出力：年間の保有コストの試算。税・保険・マンションの費用(または一戸建ての自己積立)・維持に分けて表示。\n結果の読み方\n保有は毎年の継続コストです。一戸建て所有者はマンションの修繕積立金に相当する額を自己資金で用意する必要があり、試算に含みます。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：評価額から固定資産税・都市計画税を試算する。保険・管理費と修繕積立金・維持を加える。一戸建て(自己資金の積立)とマンションで異なる。評価額と税は時間とともに変わり得る。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：評価額から固定資産税・都市計画税を試算する。保険・管理費と修繕積立金・維持を加える。一戸建て(自己資金の積立)とマンションで異なる。評価額と税は時間とともに変わり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/property-ownership-cost","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-fixed-asset-tax","faq:loan-emergency-cash-owner"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:fixed-asset-tax","guide:homeownership-japan","guide:house-maintenance-costs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"東京都主税局","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"評価額・自治体・物件の詳細を入力すると、年間の保有コスト(固定資産税・都市計画税・保険・管理費と修繕積立金・維持積立)を試算します。\n評価額・自治体・物件種別・保険・費用・修繕から、年間コストへ。\n評価額から固定資産税・都市計画税を試算する。\n保険・管理費と修繕積立金・維持を加える。\n一戸建て(自己資金の積立)とマンションで異なる。\n評価額と税は時間とともに変わり得る。\n入力と出力\n入力：土地建物の評価額・自治体・物件種別(一戸建てかマンション)・保険・管理費/積立金・見込みの修繕。\n出力：年間の保有コストの試算。税・保険・マンションの費用(または一戸建ての自己積立)・維持に分けて表示。\n結果の読み方\n保有は毎年の継続コストです。一戸建て所有者はマンションの修繕積立金に相当する額を自己資金で用意する必要があり、試算に含みます。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：評価額から固定資産税・都市計画税を試算する。保険・管理費と修繕積立金・維持を加える。一戸建て(自己資金の積立)とマンションで異なる。評価額と税は時間とともに変わり得る。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：評価額から固定資産税・都市計画税を試算する。保険・管理費と修繕積立金・維持を加える。一戸建て(自己資金の積立)とマンションで異なる。評価額と税は時間とともに変わり得る。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/property-ownership-cost","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-document-checklist:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-document-checklist","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン書類チェックリスト","plainText":"雇用と在留のプロフィールと審査段階を入力すると、個別の書類リストが生成されます。本人確認や収入記録から、外国人居住者に多い資金の出所や物件書類まで。\n雇用・在留のプロフィールと審査段階から、個別の書類リストへ。\n雇用と在留のプロフィール別に個別リストを生成する。\n事前審査と本審査の段階で書類を分ける。\n外国人居住者向けに資金の出所の証拠を含む。\n書類を事前審査の申告と一貫させる。\n入力と出力\n入力：雇用形態(会社員・契約・自営・会社経営)・在留資格(永住・非永住・配偶者)・審査段階(事前審査か本審査)。\n出力：個別の書類リスト。本人確認と住民・収入と税・雇用・物件と契約・資金の出所を、プロフィールと段階に合わせて表示。\n結果の読み方\n事前審査と最終書類の相違は否決を招き得ます。記録を一貫し完全に保つのに役立ちます。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：雇用と在留のプロフィール別に個別リストを生成する。事前審査と本審査の段階で書類を分ける。外国人居住者向けに資金の出所の証拠を含む。書類を事前審査の申告と一貫させる。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：雇用と在留のプロフィール別に個別リストを生成する。事前審査と本審査の段階で書類を分ける。外国人居住者向けに資金の出所の証拠を含む。書類を事前審査の申告と一貫させる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-document-checklist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-income-documents","faq:loan-borrow-down-payment"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mortgage-income-documents","guide:property-purchase-documents","guide:foreigners-buying-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"雇用と在留のプロフィールと審査段階を入力すると、個別の書類リストが生成されます。本人確認や収入記録から、外国人居住者に多い資金の出所や物件書類まで。\n雇用・在留のプロフィールと審査段階から、個別の書類リストへ。\n雇用と在留のプロフィール別に個別リストを生成する。\n事前審査と本審査の段階で書類を分ける。\n外国人居住者向けに資金の出所の証拠を含む。\n書類を事前審査の申告と一貫させる。\n入力と出力\n入力：雇用形態(会社員・契約・自営・会社経営)・在留資格(永住・非永住・配偶者)・審査段階(事前審査か本審査)。\n出力：個別の書類リスト。本人確認と住民・収入と税・雇用・物件と契約・資金の出所を、プロフィールと段階に合わせて表示。\n結果の読み方\n事前審査と最終書類の相違は否決を招き得ます。記録を一貫し完全に保つのに役立ちます。\nツールが示すこと・示さないこと\n要点：雇用と在留のプロフィール別に個別リストを生成する。事前審査と本審査の段階で書類を分ける。外国人居住者向けに資金の出所の証拠を含む。書類を事前審査の申告と一貫させる。\n計算ツールは入力と試すシナリオ次第で、審査ではなく計算をモデル化します。貸し手が貸すか、審査が実際に出す金利、状況の変化は分かりません。単一の答えを出すためでなく、選択肢の比較とストレステストに使いましょう。住宅ローンは提示金利＋1・2・3%で、購入は中央だけでなく悲観の前提でも試算します。広告金利は実行月または例示の数値で確定した提示ではないため、結果は計画上の概算と捉え、決める前に日付入りの書面見積りで実際の数字を確認しましょう。\n押さえておきたい要点：雇用と在留のプロフィール別に個別リストを生成する。事前審査と本審査の段階で書類を分ける。外国人居住者向けに資金の出所の証拠を含む。書類を事前審査の申告と一貫させる。完全な判断にはリンク先のガイドと計算ツールを使い、重要な点は行動の前に貸し手・宅地建物取引士・司法書士・税理士に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-document-checklist","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:points-vs-cashback-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイントとキャッシュバックの違い：日本の特典の仕組み","plainText":"主要な日本のポイント（楽天・PayPay・d・V）は日常の支払いで1ポイント約1円。ポイントは柔軟ですが失効し得る一方、キャッシュバックは単純な現金です。\nポイントとは何か、キャッシュバックとどう違うか、そして正直に価値を評価する方法。\nポイントは通常の支払いで1ポイント約1円の価値を持つ単位（常にではない）。\n基本還元は100円につき1ポイント（1%）が多い。実質還元率は上限・手数料・失効後に得られる分。\nポイントは柔軟だが失効・価値低下があり得る。キャッシュバックは単純で確実。\nポイントは現実に使える額で評価し、広告上の最大値では評価しない。\n特典はどのみち行う支出への割引であって、余計に使う理由ではない。\nポイントの基本\nポイントは、指定の店・アプリ・交換・サービスの中でのみ使えるのが普通の、プログラム発行の単位です。実際には主要な日本の経済圏（楽天ポイント・PayPayポイント・dポイント・Vポイント）では、通常の買い物に使えば1ポイントは約1円の価値になります。この「1円」は便利な目安であって保証ではありません。価値はプログラムが何と交換させてくれるか次第です。\n一方でキャッシュバックは、明細上の値引き・銀行入金・現金同等の残高として戻る「お金」です。ポイントより使い道の判断が少なくて済むのが主な利点です。\n獲得と価値評価\n多くのカードの基本還元率は100円につき1ポイント（1%）前後です。楽天カードは対象の一般利用で約1%、エポスカードはボーナス前で200円につき1ポイント（約0.5%）です。基本還元率は出発点にすぎません。実質還元率は、上限・取引ごとの端数処理・除外・手数料・現実的な交換価値の後に、実際に受け取る価値です。\n「7%」という表示も、対象店舗かつスマホのタッチ決済だけが条件なら実際にはずっと低くなり得ます。三井住友カードの対象コンビニ・飲食店の還元は、対象のスマホのタッチ決済と、物理カードのタッチやiDを区別しています。\nポイント対キャッシュバックと失効\nポイントは店舗ボーナスや価値の高い旅行交換で現金を上回ることがありますが、失効・価値低下・用途制限・交換ロスを伴います。通常残高の多くは1〜2年で失効し、「期間限定」ポイントは数か月で失効し、限られたサービスでしか使えないこともあります。安全な習慣は、残高を生かすために1つの経済圏に集中し、期間限定ポイントは日常品に早めに使い切ることです。\nキャッシュバックは単純さと確実さを重視する人向け、ポイントは経済圏を自然に使う人やマイルを上手に交換できる人向けです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/points-vs-cashback-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback","faq:rewards-point-value","faq:points-value"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:how-points-are-earned","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Marui / Epos","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"主要な日本のポイント（楽天・PayPay・d・V）は日常の支払いで1ポイント約1円。ポイントは柔軟ですが失効し得る一方、キャッシュバックは単純な現金です。\nポイントとは何か、キャッシュバックとどう違うか、そして正直に価値を評価する方法。\nポイントは通常の支払いで1ポイント約1円の価値を持つ単位（常にではない）。\n基本還元は100円につき1ポイント（1%）が多い。実質還元率は上限・手数料・失効後に得られる分。\nポイントは柔軟だが失効・価値低下があり得る。キャッシュバックは単純で確実。\nポイントは現実に使える額で評価し、広告上の最大値では評価しない。\n特典はどのみち行う支出への割引であって、余計に使う理由ではない。\nポイントの基本\nポイントは、指定の店・アプリ・交換・サービスの中でのみ使えるのが普通の、プログラム発行の単位です。実際には主要な日本の経済圏（楽天ポイント・PayPayポイント・dポイント・Vポイント）では、通常の買い物に使えば1ポイントは約1円の価値になります。この「1円」は便利な目安であって保証ではありません。価値はプログラムが何と交換させてくれるか次第です。\n一方でキャッシュバックは、明細上の値引き・銀行入金・現金同等の残高として戻る「お金」です。ポイントより使い道の判断が少なくて済むのが主な利点です。\n獲得と価値評価\n多くのカードの基本還元率は100円につき1ポイント（1%）前後です。楽天カードは対象の一般利用で約1%、エポスカードはボーナス前で200円につき1ポイント（約0.5%）です。基本還元率は出発点にすぎません。実質還元率は、上限・取引ごとの端数処理・除外・手数料・現実的な交換価値の後に、実際に受け取る価値です。\n「7%」という表示も、対象店舗かつスマホのタッチ決済だけが条件なら実際にはずっと低くなり得ます。三井住友カードの対象コンビニ・飲食店の還元は、対象のスマホのタッチ決済と、物理カードのタッチやiDを区別しています。\nポイント対キャッシュバックと失効\nポイントは店舗ボーナスや価値の高い旅行交換で現金を上回ることがありますが、失効・価値低下・用途制限・交換ロスを伴います。通常残高の多くは1〜2年で失効し、「期間限定」ポイントは数か月で失効し、限られたサービスでしか使えないこともあります。安全な習慣は、残高を生かすために1つの経済圏に集中し、期間限定ポイントは日常品に早めに使い切ることです。\nキャッシュバックは単純さと確実さを重視する人向け、ポイントは経済圏を自然に使う人やマイルを上手に交換できる人向けです。","url":"/ja/points/points-vs-cashback-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-points-are-earned:ja","entityId":"guide:how-points-are-earned","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本でポイントが貯まる仕組み","plainText":"ポイントは基本還元率（カードで1%が多い）に、店舗・キャンペーンのボーナスが加わって貯まります。還元のあるカードで払いつつポイントアプリを提示すると、正当に2〜3重取りできます。\n基本還元率・ボーナス倍率・期間限定ポイント、そして正当な二重取りの仕組み。\nカードや一部電子マネーの基本還元は100円につき1ポイントが典型。\nボーナス倍率は店舗やキャンペーン（楽天SPUなど）から。\n期間限定・キャンペーンポイントは早く失効しがち。期限を確認。\n閉じたポイント（nanaco・WAON）は交換可能なポイント（楽天）と異なる。\n二重取り＝同じ買い物で店のポイント＋決済のポイント（各々対象のとき）。\n基本還元とボーナス倍率\n基本還元率は、キャンペーンや店舗ボーナス前の通常の率です。年会費無料カードの多くは100円につき1ポイント（1%）、0.5%のカードは200円につき1ポイントです。その上に、特定の店・携帯料金・交通系チャージ・発行会社のモールといった「対象カテゴリ」が基本を超えて貯まります。楽天のSPU（スーパーポイントアップ）は最も有名な倍率で、楽天サービスを多く使うほど市場（楽天市場）のポイント率が上がります（条件・上限あり）。\n期間限定ポイントと、閉じた／交換可能の違い\nキャンペーンはしばしば、期限が固定で短く、用途も狭いことがある期間限定ポイントを出します。楽天・dポイント・PayPayはいずれも通常ポイントと用途限定ポイントを区別しているため、目玉ボーナスに頼る前に、それが通常か限定かを必ず確認しましょう。\nポイントは持ち運びやすさでも異なります。nanacoやWAONのような閉じたポイントは主に1つの事業者グループに限られ、店の電子マネーのように働きます。楽天ポイントのような交換可能ポイントは、広い提携先や他プログラムへ（最低数量・レートの条件付きで）動かせます。\n二重取り：1回の買い物で2〜3の特典\n二重取りとは、同じ買い物から複数の正当な特典を受け取ることです。例えば、ポイントアプリの提示による店のポイントに、使ったカードやQRウォレットの決済ポイントを重ねます。コンビニではdポイントカードを提示（店のポイント）し、還元のあるカードやQRアプリで払う（決済ポイント）ことができます。重要な確認は、各層が個別に対象であることです。カードがウォレットのチャージ元として使えることは、そのチャージでポイントが付くことを証明しません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/how-points-are-earned","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-stacking","faq:rewards-limited-time","faq:points-value"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:redeem-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"ポイントは基本還元率（カードで1%が多い）に、店舗・キャンペーンのボーナスが加わって貯まります。還元のあるカードで払いつつポイントアプリを提示すると、正当に2〜3重取りできます。\n基本還元率・ボーナス倍率・期間限定ポイント、そして正当な二重取りの仕組み。\nカードや一部電子マネーの基本還元は100円につき1ポイントが典型。\nボーナス倍率は店舗やキャンペーン（楽天SPUなど）から。\n期間限定・キャンペーンポイントは早く失効しがち。期限を確認。\n閉じたポイント（nanaco・WAON）は交換可能なポイント（楽天）と異なる。\n二重取り＝同じ買い物で店のポイント＋決済のポイント（各々対象のとき）。\n基本還元とボーナス倍率\n基本還元率は、キャンペーンや店舗ボーナス前の通常の率です。年会費無料カードの多くは100円につき1ポイント（1%）、0.5%のカードは200円につき1ポイントです。その上に、特定の店・携帯料金・交通系チャージ・発行会社のモールといった「対象カテゴリ」が基本を超えて貯まります。楽天のSPU（スーパーポイントアップ）は最も有名な倍率で、楽天サービスを多く使うほど市場（楽天市場）のポイント率が上がります（条件・上限あり）。\n期間限定ポイントと、閉じた／交換可能の違い\nキャンペーンはしばしば、期限が固定で短く、用途も狭いことがある期間限定ポイントを出します。楽天・dポイント・PayPayはいずれも通常ポイントと用途限定ポイントを区別しているため、目玉ボーナスに頼る前に、それが通常か限定かを必ず確認しましょう。\nポイントは持ち運びやすさでも異なります。nanacoやWAONのような閉じたポイントは主に1つの事業者グループに限られ、店の電子マネーのように働きます。楽天ポイントのような交換可能ポイントは、広い提携先や他プログラムへ（最低数量・レートの条件付きで）動かせます。\n二重取り：1回の買い物で2〜3の特典\n二重取りとは、同じ買い物から複数の正当な特典を受け取ることです。例えば、ポイントアプリの提示による店のポイントに、使ったカードやQRウォレットの決済ポイントを重ねます。コンビニではdポイントカードを提示（店のポイント）し、還元のあるカードやQRアプリで払う（決済ポイント）ことができます。重要な確認は、各層が個別に対象であることです。カードがウォレットのチャージ元として使えることは、そのチャージでポイントが付くことを証明しません。","url":"/ja/points/how-points-are-earned","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:point-value-expiry:ja","entityId":"guide:point-value-expiry","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイントの価値・有効期限・価値低下","plainText":"主要ポイントは約1円ですが、失効や店舗限定で実質価値は下がります。通常のPayPayポイントは無期限、dポイントは48か月、nanaco・WAONは約2年です。\n1ポイントの実際の価値、プログラム別の失効の仕組み、損失を避ける方法。\n1ポイントは現実に交換できる価値で評価し、最大値では評価しない。\n通常のPayPayポイントは無期限、期間限定ポイントは失効する。\ndポイントは通常、獲得から48か月で失効。\nnanacoとWAON POINTの有効期間は最長で約2年。\n1つの経済圏に集中し、期間限定ポイントから先に使う。\nポイントの実際の価値\n名目上の「1ポイント」が必ず1円とは限りません。店舗や事業者のモールで使えば、多くの主要ポイントは約1円で交換できます。マイルや商品、別通貨に交換すると、実現価値は1円をかなり下回ることがあります。楽天ポイントは日常利用で約1円を保ちますが、nanacoのような店舗限定残高は同じ名目率でも柔軟性は劣ります。実際に使う交換方法で価値を評価しましょう。\nプログラム別の失効ルール\n固定の有効期限を使うプログラムもあれば、対象の取引があるたびに残高全体を延長するものもあります。通常のPayPayポイントは現在無期限で、期間限定ポイントは失効します。通常のdポイントは獲得から48か月で失効するのが一般的です。PontaやVポイントは通常、対象の取引で延長されます（直近の変動から約1年）。WAON POINTは獲得サイクルの仕組み上、有効期間が最長約2年になります。nanacoポイントは4月〜翌3月に獲得した分が翌年3月末に失効するのが一般的です。JRE POINTは対象の獲得・利用が2年ない場合に失効します。\n価値低下と損失回避\n価値低下とは、交換レートの悪化・特典価格の上昇・還元率の低下・新たな上限・対象の縮小による価値の減少です。プログラムはルールを変えるため、何年も持ち続ける予定の残高にはリスクがあります。静かな損失を避けるには、残高が延長され続けるよう1つの経済圏に集中し、期間限定ポイントにリマインダーを設定し、告知された変更が発効する「前」に交換することです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/point-value-expiry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-limited-time","faq:rewards-no-expiry","faq:points-expiry"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:how-points-are-earned","guide:avoid-overspend-points"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"主要ポイントは約1円ですが、失効や店舗限定で実質価値は下がります。通常のPayPayポイントは無期限、dポイントは48か月、nanaco・WAONは約2年です。\n1ポイントの実際の価値、プログラム別の失効の仕組み、損失を避ける方法。\n1ポイントは現実に交換できる価値で評価し、最大値では評価しない。\n通常のPayPayポイントは無期限、期間限定ポイントは失効する。\ndポイントは通常、獲得から48か月で失効。\nnanacoとWAON POINTの有効期間は最長で約2年。\n1つの経済圏に集中し、期間限定ポイントから先に使う。\nポイントの実際の価値\n名目上の「1ポイント」が必ず1円とは限りません。店舗や事業者のモールで使えば、多くの主要ポイントは約1円で交換できます。マイルや商品、別通貨に交換すると、実現価値は1円をかなり下回ることがあります。楽天ポイントは日常利用で約1円を保ちますが、nanacoのような店舗限定残高は同じ名目率でも柔軟性は劣ります。実際に使う交換方法で価値を評価しましょう。\nプログラム別の失効ルール\n固定の有効期限を使うプログラムもあれば、対象の取引があるたびに残高全体を延長するものもあります。通常のPayPayポイントは現在無期限で、期間限定ポイントは失効します。通常のdポイントは獲得から48か月で失効するのが一般的です。PontaやVポイントは通常、対象の取引で延長されます（直近の変動から約1年）。WAON POINTは獲得サイクルの仕組み上、有効期間が最長約2年になります。nanacoポイントは4月〜翌3月に獲得した分が翌年3月末に失効するのが一般的です。JRE POINTは対象の獲得・利用が2年ない場合に失効します。\n価値低下と損失回避\n価値低下とは、交換レートの悪化・特典価格の上昇・還元率の低下・新たな上限・対象の縮小による価値の減少です。プログラムはルールを変えるため、何年も持ち続ける予定の残高にはリスクがあります。静かな損失を避けるには、残高が延長され続けるよう1つの経済圏に集中し、期間限定ポイントにリマインダーを設定し、告知された変更が発効する「前」に交換することです。","url":"/ja/points/point-value-expiry","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:redeem-points-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:redeem-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイントを効率よく使う方法","plainText":"多くのポイントは日常の支払いや電子マネーチャージで額面（約1円）で使うのが基本。マイル交換が1円を超えるのは現実的で価値の高い特典があるときだけで、最低数量もあります。\n交換の選択肢・最低数量・家族プール、そしてマイル交換が有利になる場面。\n主な使い道：店頭値引き・電子マネーチャージ・ギフト券・マイル交換。\n最低数量や単位がある。例：nanaco 500ポイント→ANA 250マイル。\n家族プールを認めるプログラムもある。ルールを確認。\nマイル交換は、特典が高価値でない限り1ポイント1円未満になりがち。\n失効や告知された価値低下の前に使う。\n交換の選択肢と最低数量\n最も確実な交換はポイントを約1円に保ちます。提携店での支払い、電子マネーへのチャージ、事業者アプリ内での利用です。ギフト券や商品はばらつきがあり、1円を下回ることもあります。最低数量や単位に注意しましょう。例えばnanacoポイントは500ポイントでANA 250マイル、多くのプログラムは固定単位でしか交換できません。最低数量が小さいほど、残高が使えなくなるリスクが減ります。\nマイルや他プログラムへの交換\n交換提携は、通常は最低数量・レート・月間上限・有効期限の制限付きで、ポイントを別通貨に変えられます。PontaはおおよそPonta 2ポイントでJAL 1マイル、いくつかのカードポイントはANAやJALへ交換できます。マイルへの直接交換は、本当に価値の高い特典（実際に買う長距離の上位席）がない限り、1ポイント0.5円未満になりがちです。投機的に交換せず、実際に使う特定の特典のためだけに交換しましょう。\n家族プールと外国人にやさしい交換\n指定の親族でポイントを共有・利用できるプログラムもあり、世帯として有用なしきい値へ早く到達できます（ルールはプログラム別）。日本の住所が不要な交換（オンライン購入・電子マネー・アプリ内決済）なら、転居してもポイントは有用です。通常の個人の買い物時に使うポイントは、原則として課税所得ではなく値引きとして扱われる点も覚えておきましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/redeem-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-transfer-miles","faq:rewards-minimum-redemption","faq:points-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:mile-value-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true},{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true},{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/law/shitsugi/shotoku/02/37.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"多くのポイントは日常の支払いや電子マネーチャージで額面（約1円）で使うのが基本。マイル交換が1円を超えるのは現実的で価値の高い特典があるときだけで、最低数量もあります。\n交換の選択肢・最低数量・家族プール、そしてマイル交換が有利になる場面。\n主な使い道：店頭値引き・電子マネーチャージ・ギフト券・マイル交換。\n最低数量や単位がある。例：nanaco 500ポイント→ANA 250マイル。\n家族プールを認めるプログラムもある。ルールを確認。\nマイル交換は、特典が高価値でない限り1ポイント1円未満になりがち。\n失効や告知された価値低下の前に使う。\n交換の選択肢と最低数量\n最も確実な交換はポイントを約1円に保ちます。提携店での支払い、電子マネーへのチャージ、事業者アプリ内での利用です。ギフト券や商品はばらつきがあり、1円を下回ることもあります。最低数量や単位に注意しましょう。例えばnanacoポイントは500ポイントでANA 250マイル、多くのプログラムは固定単位でしか交換できません。最低数量が小さいほど、残高が使えなくなるリスクが減ります。\nマイルや他プログラムへの交換\n交換提携は、通常は最低数量・レート・月間上限・有効期限の制限付きで、ポイントを別通貨に変えられます。PontaはおおよそPonta 2ポイントでJAL 1マイル、いくつかのカードポイントはANAやJALへ交換できます。マイルへの直接交換は、本当に価値の高い特典（実際に買う長距離の上位席）がない限り、1ポイント0.5円未満になりがちです。投機的に交換せず、実際に使う特定の特典のためだけに交換しましょう。\n家族プールと外国人にやさしい交換\n指定の親族でポイントを共有・利用できるプログラムもあり、世帯として有用なしきい値へ早く到達できます（ルールはプログラム別）。日本の住所が不要な交換（オンライン購入・電子マネー・アプリ内決済）なら、転居してもポイントは有用です。通常の個人の買い物時に使うポイントは、原則として課税所得ではなく値引きとして扱われる点も覚えておきましょう。","url":"/ja/points/redeem-points-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:avoid-overspend-points:ja","entityId":"guide:avoid-overspend-points","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"特典の罠と借金を避ける","plainText":"1%の特典は、不要な物の購入・リボ払いの負債・支払い遅延・不適切な資金拘束を正当化しません。特典はどのみち行う支出を割り引くだけであるべきです。\nキャンペーン追いが見返りより高くつく理由と、特典に支出を引っ張られない方法。\nキャンペーン追いは、見返り以上に時間とお金を使うことがある。\nポイントが割引になるのは、その支出が元々予定されていたときだけ。\nリボ払いの金利は、何年分もの特典を帳消しにし得る。\n支払い遅延は日本の信用情報を傷つける。\n時間を評価する。月2時間で年6,000円増でも価値は小さい。\nキャンペーンの誇張と支出の規律\nキャンペーンは行動を変えるために設計されています。「抽選」や「最大」の見出しは期待値ではなく最高賞を使い、多くはエントリー・特定のチャージ元・最低取引回数・期限を要します。追いかけると、見返り以上に注意力を消耗します。中心の規律は単純です。ポイントは、どのみち買う予定だった買い物では割引になり、不要な物を買わせるなら損失です。100ポイントのためだけの1万円の買い物は9,900円の損です。\n負債リスクと信用情報\n最も危険な罠は、ポイントのためにリボ払いを使うことです。日本のリボ金利は高く、何年分もの特典を帳消しにし得ます。ポイント最適化は常に、毎月カードを全額払うことを前提にすべきです。支払いの遅延・延滞は日本の信用情報も傷つけ、将来のカード・ローン、賃貸にも影響します。どんな還元率も、それを危険にさらす価値はありません。\n時間を評価する\n正当な最適化にもコストがあります。月2時間の管理が必要で年6,000円増なら、誤りや使いすぎのリスク前で時給約250円にすぎません。賢明なルールは、主要な経済圏を1つ自動化し、購買行動を変えるキャンペーンは無視し、残高は毎日ではなく毎月見直すことです。多くの場合、単純さのほうが高リターンの戦略です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/avoid-overspend-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-overspend","faq:rewards-revolving"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","guide:points-cashback-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本銀行","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/law/shitsugi/shotoku/02/37.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"1%の特典は、不要な物の購入・リボ払いの負債・支払い遅延・不適切な資金拘束を正当化しません。特典はどのみち行う支出を割り引くだけであるべきです。\nキャンペーン追いが見返りより高くつく理由と、特典に支出を引っ張られない方法。\nキャンペーン追いは、見返り以上に時間とお金を使うことがある。\nポイントが割引になるのは、その支出が元々予定されていたときだけ。\nリボ払いの金利は、何年分もの特典を帳消しにし得る。\n支払い遅延は日本の信用情報を傷つける。\n時間を評価する。月2時間で年6,000円増でも価値は小さい。\nキャンペーンの誇張と支出の規律\nキャンペーンは行動を変えるために設計されています。「抽選」や「最大」の見出しは期待値ではなく最高賞を使い、多くはエントリー・特定のチャージ元・最低取引回数・期限を要します。追いかけると、見返り以上に注意力を消耗します。中心の規律は単純です。ポイントは、どのみち買う予定だった買い物では割引になり、不要な物を買わせるなら損失です。100ポイントのためだけの1万円の買い物は9,900円の損です。\n負債リスクと信用情報\n最も危険な罠は、ポイントのためにリボ払いを使うことです。日本のリボ金利は高く、何年分もの特典を帳消しにし得ます。ポイント最適化は常に、毎月カードを全額払うことを前提にすべきです。支払いの遅延・延滞は日本の信用情報も傷つけ、将来のカード・ローン、賃貸にも影響します。どんな還元率も、それを危険にさらす価値はありません。\n時間を評価する\n正当な最適化にもコストがあります。月2時間の管理が必要で年6,000円増なら、誤りや使いすぎのリスク前で時給約250円にすぎません。賢明なルールは、主要な経済圏を1つ自動化し、購買行動を変えるキャンペーンは無視し、残高は毎日ではなく毎月見直すことです。多くの場合、単純さのほうが高リターンの戦略です。","url":"/ja/points/avoid-overspend-points","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rakuten-points-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:rakuten-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"楽天ポイント経済圏ガイド","plainText":"楽天ポイントは楽天の買い物・カード・ペイ・モバイル・銀行・証券で使え、約1円で交換でき、通常ポイントは利用で延長、SPUで市場の還元が上がります。\n楽天ポイントの貯め方・使い方・交換を楽天グループ横断で解説。\n運営：楽天グループ。楽天IDは無料で、オンライン購入なら日本の住所は不要。\n楽天カードは対象の一般利用で約1%（100円につき1ポイント）。\nSPUはグループサービスを多く使うほど楽天市場の還元が上がる（上限あり）。\n通常ポイントは約1円、期間限定ポイントは失効が早く交換不可が多い。\n向き：楽天を多用する人、経済圏内の居住者。\n貯め方と価値\n楽天ポイントは楽天グループが発行し、楽天市場・楽天トラベル・楽天ペイ・楽天モバイル・楽天銀行・楽天証券で使えます。楽天IDは誰でも無料で登録できます。楽天カードは対象の一般利用で約1%、楽天市場は市場ポイントを加算し、SPU（スーパーポイントアップ）はグループサービスを多く使うほど市場の還元率を上げます（条件・上限・期間限定の扱いあり）。店頭の提示還元率は店により異なり、多くのポイントは約1円で交換できます。\n有効期限・交換・最適カード\n通常の楽天ポイントは利用ベースの有効期限で、獲得・利用が続く残高は生き続けます。期間限定ポイントは固定の期限があり、交換や一部サービスから通常除外されます。ポイントは楽天サイトで約1円、街の店では楽天ペイ経由で使え、対応ルートでSuicaにチャージもできます。複数の交換提携がありますが、期間限定ポイントは通常対象外です。自然なカードは年会費無料の楽天カードで、楽天は一部英語情報を提供するものの、カード申込には日本の在留と住所が必要です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/rakuten-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-rakuten-spu","faq:points-which-ecosystem"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:rakuten-card","guide:rakuten-pay-guide","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://pointclub.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"楽天ポイントは楽天の買い物・カード・ペイ・モバイル・銀行・証券で使え、約1円で交換でき、通常ポイントは利用で延長、SPUで市場の還元が上がります。\n楽天ポイントの貯め方・使い方・交換を楽天グループ横断で解説。\n運営：楽天グループ。楽天IDは無料で、オンライン購入なら日本の住所は不要。\n楽天カードは対象の一般利用で約1%（100円につき1ポイント）。\nSPUはグループサービスを多く使うほど楽天市場の還元が上がる（上限あり）。\n通常ポイントは約1円、期間限定ポイントは失効が早く交換不可が多い。\n向き：楽天を多用する人、経済圏内の居住者。\n貯め方と価値\n楽天ポイントは楽天グループが発行し、楽天市場・楽天トラベル・楽天ペイ・楽天モバイル・楽天銀行・楽天証券で使えます。楽天IDは誰でも無料で登録できます。楽天カードは対象の一般利用で約1%、楽天市場は市場ポイントを加算し、SPU（スーパーポイントアップ）はグループサービスを多く使うほど市場の還元率を上げます（条件・上限・期間限定の扱いあり）。店頭の提示還元率は店により異なり、多くのポイントは約1円で交換できます。\n有効期限・交換・最適カード\n通常の楽天ポイントは利用ベースの有効期限で、獲得・利用が続く残高は生き続けます。期間限定ポイントは固定の期限があり、交換や一部サービスから通常除外されます。ポイントは楽天サイトで約1円、街の店では楽天ペイ経由で使え、対応ルートでSuicaにチャージもできます。複数の交換提携がありますが、期間限定ポイントは通常対象外です。自然なカードは年会費無料の楽天カードで、楽天は一部英語情報を提供するものの、カード申込には日本の在留と住所が必要です。","url":"/ja/points/rakuten-points-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:paypay-points-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:paypay-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"PayPayポイント経済圏ガイド","plainText":"PayPayは日本の主要QRウォレット。通常のPayPayポイントは無期限で約1円、獲得はPayPayステップの条件次第、Vポイントと1対1で交換可能（上限あり）です。\nPayPayステップやキャンペーンでの貯め方と、通常ポイントが無期限である理由。\n運営：PayPay株式会社。日本の携帯認証によるアプリ口座。\n通常のPayPayポイントは無期限、期間限定ポイントは失効。\nPayPayステップ（2026年6月2日以降は本人確認必須）が還元率を左右。\nポイントで払った分はステップ対象外。ポイントは送金・出金不可。\nVポイントと1対1で100ポイントから交換（日次・月次上限あり）。\n獲得・ステップ・キャンペーン\nPayPayは、コンビニ・小売チェーン・小規模店を含む非常に広い加盟店網で使えるコード決済です。日本の携帯認証でアプリに登録します。獲得はPayPayステップに従い、対象は決済方法や月間条件次第です。2026年6月2日以降は本人確認が必須で、PayPayポイントで支払った分はステップの対象外です。全国キャンペーンや抽選が価値を加えますが、「最大」の表示は完璧な条件充足を前提としています。\n無期限の通常ポイント・利用・交換\n目玉の利点は、通常のPayPayポイントが無期限であることです。小規模店での日常の少額支出が失効の圧力なく貯まります。期間限定ポイントは失効し、指定のLINEヤフー系サービスでしか使えません。通常ポイント（約1円）はPayPay残高での支払い全般や一部の請求書払いに使えますが、送金・出金はできません（対象のPayPayマネーのみ可能）。2026年3月以降、ポイントはVポイントと100ポイントから1対1で交換できます（日次・月次上限あり）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/paypay-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-expiry","faq:rewards-paypay-vpoint","faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:paypay-app-guide","guide:paypay-card","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0402/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"PayPayは日本の主要QRウォレット。通常のPayPayポイントは無期限で約1円、獲得はPayPayステップの条件次第、Vポイントと1対1で交換可能（上限あり）です。\nPayPayステップやキャンペーンでの貯め方と、通常ポイントが無期限である理由。\n運営：PayPay株式会社。日本の携帯認証によるアプリ口座。\n通常のPayPayポイントは無期限、期間限定ポイントは失効。\nPayPayステップ（2026年6月2日以降は本人確認必須）が還元率を左右。\nポイントで払った分はステップ対象外。ポイントは送金・出金不可。\nVポイントと1対1で100ポイントから交換（日次・月次上限あり）。\n獲得・ステップ・キャンペーン\nPayPayは、コンビニ・小売チェーン・小規模店を含む非常に広い加盟店網で使えるコード決済です。日本の携帯認証でアプリに登録します。獲得はPayPayステップに従い、対象は決済方法や月間条件次第です。2026年6月2日以降は本人確認が必須で、PayPayポイントで支払った分はステップの対象外です。全国キャンペーンや抽選が価値を加えますが、「最大」の表示は完璧な条件充足を前提としています。\n無期限の通常ポイント・利用・交換\n目玉の利点は、通常のPayPayポイントが無期限であることです。小規模店での日常の少額支出が失効の圧力なく貯まります。期間限定ポイントは失効し、指定のLINEヤフー系サービスでしか使えません。通常ポイント（約1円）はPayPay残高での支払い全般や一部の請求書払いに使えますが、送金・出金はできません（対象のPayPayマネーのみ可能）。2026年3月以降、ポイントはVポイントと100ポイントから1対1で交換できます（日次・月次上限あり）。","url":"/ja/points/paypay-points-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:d-point-club-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:d-point-club-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"dポイント（NTTドコモ）プログラムガイド","plainText":"無料のdアカウントはドコモ契約なしでも誰でも作れます。d払いは約0.5%（対象のdカードチャージで1%）、通常のdポイントは獲得から約48か月で失効します。\nドコモ・非ドコモ双方でのdポイントの仕組み（d払い・dカードを含む）。\n運営：NTTドコモ。dアカウントはドコモ契約なしでも利用可。\n店舗の還元率は様々。d払いは通常0.5%、対象のdカードチャージで約1%。\nローソンや多くの加盟店で強い。\n通常のdポイントは獲得から約48か月で失効。\n航空・提携先への交換あり（レート・最低数量は様々）。\n入会と獲得\ndポイントはNTTドコモが運営し、個人であれば誰でも無料のdアカウントを作れます。ドコモの携帯契約は不要です。加盟店（ローソンほか多数）でdポイントカードやアプリを提示する、d払いを使う、dカードを使うことで貯まります。店舗の還元率は様々で、d払いは通常約0.5%、対象のdカードでチャージすると店のポイント前で約1%（決済0.5%＋チャージ0.5%）になります。なお2026年9月1日以降、dカードのチャージボーナスは期間・用途限定ポイントで付与される予定です。\n利用・有効期限・交換\ndポイントはローソンやドコモショップなどの提携店で約1円、ドコモの携帯料金への充当、d払いアプリでの支払いに使えます。通常のdポイントは獲得から約48か月で失効し、期間・用途限定ポイントは独自の短い期限と対象サービスを持ちます。航空・提携先への交換はレートや最低数量が様々です。外国人居住者は入会にドコモ契約は不要ですが、アプリのSMS認証には日本の電話番号が必要なことが一般的です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/d-point-club-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-dpoint-account","faq:rewards-dbarai-rate"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:d-barai-guide","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"無料のdアカウントはドコモ契約なしでも誰でも作れます。d払いは約0.5%（対象のdカードチャージで1%）、通常のdポイントは獲得から約48か月で失効します。\nドコモ・非ドコモ双方でのdポイントの仕組み（d払い・dカードを含む）。\n運営：NTTドコモ。dアカウントはドコモ契約なしでも利用可。\n店舗の還元率は様々。d払いは通常0.5%、対象のdカードチャージで約1%。\nローソンや多くの加盟店で強い。\n通常のdポイントは獲得から約48か月で失効。\n航空・提携先への交換あり（レート・最低数量は様々）。\n入会と獲得\ndポイントはNTTドコモが運営し、個人であれば誰でも無料のdアカウントを作れます。ドコモの携帯契約は不要です。加盟店（ローソンほか多数）でdポイントカードやアプリを提示する、d払いを使う、dカードを使うことで貯まります。店舗の還元率は様々で、d払いは通常約0.5%、対象のdカードでチャージすると店のポイント前で約1%（決済0.5%＋チャージ0.5%）になります。なお2026年9月1日以降、dカードのチャージボーナスは期間・用途限定ポイントで付与される予定です。\n利用・有効期限・交換\ndポイントはローソンやドコモショップなどの提携店で約1円、ドコモの携帯料金への充当、d払いアプリでの支払いに使えます。通常のdポイントは獲得から約48か月で失効し、期間・用途限定ポイントは独自の短い期限と対象サービスを持ちます。航空・提携先への交換はレートや最低数量が様々です。外国人居住者は入会にドコモ契約は不要ですが、アプリのSMS認証には日本の電話番号が必要なことが一般的です。","url":"/ja/points/d-point-club-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ponta-points-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:ponta-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Pontaポイントプログラムガイド","plainText":"Pontaはローソン・au・リクルート・提携先で約1円で貯まり、JALマイルへおおよそPonta 2対1マイルで交換でき、標準残高は取引が1年ないと失効します。\nローソン・au・リクルート・JALをつなぐPontaの仕組みと有効期限。\n運営：KDDI／リクルート経済圏のロイヤリティマーケティング。\nローソン・au・リクルート系サービス・加盟店で貯まる。\nau連携：Pontaとau PAYが支払い・請求でつながる。\nJALマイルへおおよそPonta 2対1マイルで交換。\n標準残高は対象の取引が1年ないと失効。\n貯め方とau連携\nPontaは、ローソン・au・リクルート系サービス（ホットペッパーやじゃらんなど）・ガソリンスタンドほか多数の提携先で貯まる、店舗ごとのロイヤリティ通貨で、通常1ポイント約1円で使えます。特徴はKDDI／auとの連携です。Pontaはau PAYのポイント相棒で、au・UQモバイルの利用者はウォレットでPontaを貯めて使い、au関連の請求を支払えます。支払い前にPonta ID（カードやアプリ）を提示することが、店の還元のきっかけになります。\n交換・JAL・有効期限\nPontaは同じ店やauサービスでの交換で通常約1円で使え、例えば100 Pontaはau PAY残高100円になります。最も価値ある交換はJALマイルで、通常Ponta 2ポイントで1マイルのため、JAL利用者に自然に合います。標準のPonta残高は、獲得・利用の取引が1年ないと失効しますが、一部のKDDI発行分やキャンペーンポイントは別ルールです。外国人居住者はローソンPontaに簡単に加入できますが、au PAYとの連携には通常、日本の携帯か銀行口座が必要です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/ponta-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-ponta-jal","faq:points-which-ecosystem"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:au-pay-guide","guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true},{"publisher":"KDDI","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Pontaはローソン・au・リクルート・提携先で約1円で貯まり、JALマイルへおおよそPonta 2対1マイルで交換でき、標準残高は取引が1年ないと失効します。\nローソン・au・リクルート・JALをつなぐPontaの仕組みと有効期限。\n運営：KDDI／リクルート経済圏のロイヤリティマーケティング。\nローソン・au・リクルート系サービス・加盟店で貯まる。\nau連携：Pontaとau PAYが支払い・請求でつながる。\nJALマイルへおおよそPonta 2対1マイルで交換。\n標準残高は対象の取引が1年ないと失効。\n貯め方とau連携\nPontaは、ローソン・au・リクルート系サービス（ホットペッパーやじゃらんなど）・ガソリンスタンドほか多数の提携先で貯まる、店舗ごとのロイヤリティ通貨で、通常1ポイント約1円で使えます。特徴はKDDI／auとの連携です。Pontaはau PAYのポイント相棒で、au・UQモバイルの利用者はウォレットでPontaを貯めて使い、au関連の請求を支払えます。支払い前にPonta ID（カードやアプリ）を提示することが、店の還元のきっかけになります。\n交換・JAL・有効期限\nPontaは同じ店やauサービスでの交換で通常約1円で使え、例えば100 Pontaはau PAY残高100円になります。最も価値ある交換はJALマイルで、通常Ponta 2ポイントで1マイルのため、JAL利用者に自然に合います。標準のPonta残高は、獲得・利用の取引が1年ないと失効しますが、一部のKDDI発行分やキャンペーンポイントは別ルールです。外国人居住者はローソンPontaに簡単に加入できますが、au PAYとの連携には通常、日本の携帯か銀行口座が必要です。","url":"/ja/points/ponta-points-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:v-points-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:v-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Vポイント（SMBC／Visa）プログラムガイド","plainText":"Vポイントは旧TポイントとSMBC Vポイントを統合。多くの提携店で約1円、PayPayポイントと1対1で交換（上限あり）でき、SMBC／OliveやSBI証券とつながります。\nT ポイントとSMBC Vポイントが統合したネットワークと、カード・銀行・投資との連携。\n運営：CCC／SMBC主導のVポイント網（旧Tポイントを統合）。\nモバイルVポイントカードの提示やSMBC系カードの利用で獲得。\nPayPayと1対1、最低100、1日1回、月3万まで交換。\n現行条件ではWAONへの交換にも対応。\n通常は直近の対象変動から1年。交換で得た残高は別扱いのことも。\nVポイント網での獲得\nVポイントは、旧TポイントとSMBCのVポイントが統合したもので、CCC／SMBC主導の網で運営されます。加盟店（コンビニ、ファミリーマート、多くの小売）でモバイルVポイントカードや物理カードを提示する、SMBC連携のVisaカードを使う、口座・投資の取引を通じて貯まります。店頭提示やカード決済の率は様々で、実用上は対象の交換で約1円になることが多いです。\n交換・使い道・有効期限\nVポイントは非常に大きな提携網で約1円で使え、SMBCカード代金への充当、SBI証券でのクレカ積立、V Point Payへのチャージによる非接触Visa利用ができます。2026年3月以降はPayPayポイントと1対1で、最低100、1日1回、月3万まで交換できますが、交換で得たV残高は有効期限が固定1年のため、アプリ間でポイントを移すだけでなく実際の交換課題を解くために使うべきです。通常ポイントは直近の対象変動から1年延長されます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/v-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-paypay-vpoint","faq:rewards-vpoint-waon"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:smbc-numberless-card","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0402/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Vポイントは旧TポイントとSMBC Vポイントを統合。多くの提携店で約1円、PayPayポイントと1対1で交換（上限あり）でき、SMBC／OliveやSBI証券とつながります。\nT ポイントとSMBC Vポイントが統合したネットワークと、カード・銀行・投資との連携。\n運営：CCC／SMBC主導のVポイント網（旧Tポイントを統合）。\nモバイルVポイントカードの提示やSMBC系カードの利用で獲得。\nPayPayと1対1、最低100、1日1回、月3万まで交換。\n現行条件ではWAONへの交換にも対応。\n通常は直近の対象変動から1年。交換で得た残高は別扱いのことも。\nVポイント網での獲得\nVポイントは、旧TポイントとSMBCのVポイントが統合したもので、CCC／SMBC主導の網で運営されます。加盟店（コンビニ、ファミリーマート、多くの小売）でモバイルVポイントカードや物理カードを提示する、SMBC連携のVisaカードを使う、口座・投資の取引を通じて貯まります。店頭提示やカード決済の率は様々で、実用上は対象の交換で約1円になることが多いです。\n交換・使い道・有効期限\nVポイントは非常に大きな提携網で約1円で使え、SMBCカード代金への充当、SBI証券でのクレカ積立、V Point Payへのチャージによる非接触Visa利用ができます。2026年3月以降はPayPayポイントと1対1で、最低100、1日1回、月3万まで交換できますが、交換で得たV残高は有効期限が固定1年のため、アプリ間でポイントを移すだけでなく実際の交換課題を解くために使うべきです。通常ポイントは直近の対象変動から1年延長されます。","url":"/ja/points/v-points-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:waon-point-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:waon-point-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"WAON POINT（イオン）プログラムガイド","plainText":"WAON POINTはイオンのロイヤリティ通貨で、イオングループ店で貯まり約1円で使え、有効期間は最長約2年。WAON電子マネー（前払い残高）とは別物です。\nイオングループの食料品買い物で貯まるWAON POINTと、WAON電子マネーとの違い。\n運営：イオングループ。イオンアプリ・WAON POINTカード・対象のイオン／WAONカード。\nイオングループ店で特に貯まり、通常1ポイント約1円。\nイオンカードや特別な会員日でグループ店の還元が上がる。\n獲得サイクルの仕組み上、有効期間は最長約2年。\nWAON POINT（ロイヤリティ）とWAON電子マネー（前払い残高）は別物。\nイオングループ店での獲得\nWAON POINTはイオングループのロイヤリティ通貨です。イオン／iAEONアプリ、WAON POINTカード、対象のWAON／イオンカードで入手し、イオン・マックスバリュなどグループのスーパーで店舗ごとのポイントが特に貯まります。イオンカードでの支払いや特別な会員日の買い物は、グループ店での実質還元を高めます。食料品の買い物は頻度が高いため、こうした店舗限定の日やクーポンは、汎用カード間の小さな差より重要になり得ます。\n使い道・有効期限・電子マネーとの違い\nWAON POINTはイオングループや提携店での買い物に約1円で使え、現行ルールで他の価値へ交換（WAON電子マネーへのチャージを含む）できます。獲得サイクルの仕組み上、ある期間に獲得したポイントは後の年度サイクル末に失効し、有効期間は最長約2年です。2つの「WAON」を混同しないこと。WAON POINTはロイヤリティ通貨、WAON電子マネーは前払いの残高です。古い資料では両者が曖昧なことがあります。イオンカードの申込は通常、居住者に限られます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/waon-point-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco","faq:rewards-supermarket-best"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:supermarket-points","guide:aeon-card","guide:emoney-payment-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/ct/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"WAON POINTはイオンのロイヤリティ通貨で、イオングループ店で貯まり約1円で使え、有効期間は最長約2年。WAON電子マネー（前払い残高）とは別物です。\nイオングループの食料品買い物で貯まるWAON POINTと、WAON電子マネーとの違い。\n運営：イオングループ。イオンアプリ・WAON POINTカード・対象のイオン／WAONカード。\nイオングループ店で特に貯まり、通常1ポイント約1円。\nイオンカードや特別な会員日でグループ店の還元が上がる。\n獲得サイクルの仕組み上、有効期間は最長約2年。\nWAON POINT（ロイヤリティ）とWAON電子マネー（前払い残高）は別物。\nイオングループ店での獲得\nWAON POINTはイオングループのロイヤリティ通貨です。イオン／iAEONアプリ、WAON POINTカード、対象のWAON／イオンカードで入手し、イオン・マックスバリュなどグループのスーパーで店舗ごとのポイントが特に貯まります。イオンカードでの支払いや特別な会員日の買い物は、グループ店での実質還元を高めます。食料品の買い物は頻度が高いため、こうした店舗限定の日やクーポンは、汎用カード間の小さな差より重要になり得ます。\n使い道・有効期限・電子マネーとの違い\nWAON POINTはイオングループや提携店での買い物に約1円で使え、現行ルールで他の価値へ交換（WAON電子マネーへのチャージを含む）できます。獲得サイクルの仕組み上、ある期間に獲得したポイントは後の年度サイクル末に失効し、有効期間は最長約2年です。2つの「WAON」を混同しないこと。WAON POINTはロイヤリティ通貨、WAON電子マネーは前払いの残高です。古い資料では両者が曖昧なことがあります。イオンカードの申込は通常、居住者に限られます。","url":"/ja/points/waon-point-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:nanaco-points-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:nanaco-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"nanacoポイント（セブン＆アイ）プログラムガイド","plainText":"nanacoポイントはセブン＆アイの店で貯まり、1ポイント1円でnanaco電子マネーに交換でき、4月〜翌3月に獲得した分は翌年3月末に失効するのが一般的な、ほぼ閉じた仕組みです。\nセブン＆アイ店でのnanacoポイントの貯め方・電子マネーへの交換・有効期限。\n運営：セブン＆アイ（セブン・カードサービス）。無料のnanacoカードやアプリ。\n対象のセブン＆アイ加盟店やキャンペーンで貯まる。\n登録後、ポイントはnanaco電子マネー（1ポイント1円）に交換。\n4月〜翌3月に獲得した分は翌年3月末に失効するのが一般的。\n主に閉じたセブン＆アイの価値体系で、マイル交換通貨ではない。\n貯め方と電子マネーへの交換\nnanacoポイントはセブン＆アイ・ホールディングス内で運営され、加盟店（セブン-イレブン、イトーヨーカドー、デニーズなど）やキャンペーンで貯まります。無料のnanacoカードやモバイルアプリを入手します。貯まったポイントは1ポイント1円でnanaco電子マネーに交換でき、セブン＆アイ網で使えます。重要な注意：任意のクレジットカードでnanacoにチャージしても、そのカードのポイントが必ず付くとは限りません。対象のチャージ手段だけが条件を満たします。\n有効期限と閉じた性質\n4月〜翌3月に獲得したポイントは翌年3月末に失効するのが一般的で、有効期間は最長約2年です。nanacoは主に閉じたセブン＆アイの価値体系で、マイル交換通貨ではないため、価値はセブン＆アイ網の中で実現します。外国人居住者は摩擦少なくnanacoを使えます（基本利用に本人確認不要）が、カードの基本ポイントを貯めるには対象のカードが必要です。セブン-イレブンやイトーヨーカドーを日常的に使う人に最適です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/nanaco-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco","faq:rewards-seven-eleven-best"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:convenience-store-points","guide:emoney-payment-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"nanacoポイントはセブン＆アイの店で貯まり、1ポイント1円でnanaco電子マネーに交換でき、4月〜翌3月に獲得した分は翌年3月末に失効するのが一般的な、ほぼ閉じた仕組みです。\nセブン＆アイ店でのnanacoポイントの貯め方・電子マネーへの交換・有効期限。\n運営：セブン＆アイ（セブン・カードサービス）。無料のnanacoカードやアプリ。\n対象のセブン＆アイ加盟店やキャンペーンで貯まる。\n登録後、ポイントはnanaco電子マネー（1ポイント1円）に交換。\n4月〜翌3月に獲得した分は翌年3月末に失効するのが一般的。\n主に閉じたセブン＆アイの価値体系で、マイル交換通貨ではない。\n貯め方と電子マネーへの交換\nnanacoポイントはセブン＆アイ・ホールディングス内で運営され、加盟店（セブン-イレブン、イトーヨーカドー、デニーズなど）やキャンペーンで貯まります。無料のnanacoカードやモバイルアプリを入手します。貯まったポイントは1ポイント1円でnanaco電子マネーに交換でき、セブン＆アイ網で使えます。重要な注意：任意のクレジットカードでnanacoにチャージしても、そのカードのポイントが必ず付くとは限りません。対象のチャージ手段だけが条件を満たします。\n有効期限と閉じた性質\n4月〜翌3月に獲得したポイントは翌年3月末に失効するのが一般的で、有効期間は最長約2年です。nanacoは主に閉じたセブン＆アイの価値体系で、マイル交換通貨ではないため、価値はセブン＆アイ網の中で実現します。外国人居住者は摩擦少なくnanacoを使えます（基本利用に本人確認不要）が、カードの基本ポイントを貯めるには対象のカードが必要です。セブン-イレブンやイトーヨーカドーを日常的に使う人に最適です。","url":"/ja/points/nanaco-points-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:jre-point-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:jre-point-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JRE POINTと交通系特典（JR東日本）","plainText":"登録済みモバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）、登録済み物理Suicaは200円につき1ポイント（0.5%）。ビューカードのチャージで1.5%加わり、約1円で使えます。\nSuicaやビューカードでJRE POINTを貯める方法と、端末による乗車ポイントの違い。\n運営：JR東日本。アカウント・アプリ・登録Suica・駅ビルカード。\n登録モバイルSuica：対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）。\n登録物理Suica：対象乗車で200円につき1ポイント（0.5%）。\nビューカードのチャージは1.5%で、乗車ポイントと重なる。\n対象の取引が2年ないと残高は失効。\n乗車とチャージでのJRE POINT獲得\nJRE POINTは、JR東日本のもとでSuica・えきねっと・駅ビルの特典を統合します。JRE POINTカードを入手するか、JRE POINTアカウントに連携したモバイルSuicaを使います。乗車の還元率は端末次第で、登録モバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）、登録物理Suicaは200円につき1ポイント（0.5%）です。ビューカードでSuicaにチャージすると約1.5%加わるため、ビューカードでチャージした登録モバイルSuicaは対象移動で名目3.5%を重ねられます。乗車ポイントの獲得にはSuicaのJRE POINT登録が必要です。\nポイントの利用と有効期限\nポイントは通常1ポイント約1円で使えます。駅ナカの店・売店・商業施設、Suicaへのチャージ、JR東日本の切符への充当などです。すべてのSuica取引が対象のJR東日本乗車とは限りません。2%は対象乗車に適用され、あらゆる店の買い物ではなく、定期券は別の率です。残高は対象の獲得・利用が2年ないと失効し、取引で延長されます。多くの鉄道特典は日本の住所と電話が必要で、非居住者には使いにくいことがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/jre-point-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-suica-register","faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:train-commuter-rewards","guide:view-card-standard","guide:mobile-suica-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"登録済みモバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）、登録済み物理Suicaは200円につき1ポイント（0.5%）。ビューカードのチャージで1.5%加わり、約1円で使えます。\nSuicaやビューカードでJRE POINTを貯める方法と、端末による乗車ポイントの違い。\n運営：JR東日本。アカウント・アプリ・登録Suica・駅ビルカード。\n登録モバイルSuica：対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）。\n登録物理Suica：対象乗車で200円につき1ポイント（0.5%）。\nビューカードのチャージは1.5%で、乗車ポイントと重なる。\n対象の取引が2年ないと残高は失効。\n乗車とチャージでのJRE POINT獲得\nJRE POINTは、JR東日本のもとでSuica・えきねっと・駅ビルの特典を統合します。JRE POINTカードを入手するか、JRE POINTアカウントに連携したモバイルSuicaを使います。乗車の還元率は端末次第で、登録モバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）、登録物理Suicaは200円につき1ポイント（0.5%）です。ビューカードでSuicaにチャージすると約1.5%加わるため、ビューカードでチャージした登録モバイルSuicaは対象移動で名目3.5%を重ねられます。乗車ポイントの獲得にはSuicaのJRE POINT登録が必要です。\nポイントの利用と有効期限\nポイントは通常1ポイント約1円で使えます。駅ナカの店・売店・商業施設、Suicaへのチャージ、JR東日本の切符への充当などです。すべてのSuica取引が対象のJR東日本乗車とは限りません。2%は対象乗車に適用され、あらゆる店の買い物ではなく、定期券は別の率です。残高は対象の獲得・利用が2年ないと失効し、取引で延長されます。多くの鉄道特典は日本の住所と電話が必要で、非居住者には使いにくいことがあります。","url":"/ja/points/jre-point-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:convenience-store-points:ja","entityId":"guide:convenience-store-points","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"コンビニのロイヤリティプログラム","plainText":"各チェーンに独自プログラム：セブン/nanaco、ローソン/Ponta・dポイント、ファミマ/Vポイント・FamiPay、ミニストップ/WAON。会員コードを提示し、対象の最良の方法で払います。\n主要コンビニが使うポイントと、店と決済の特典を組み合わせる方法。\nセブン：nanaco・セブンマイル。ローソン：Ponta・dポイント。\nファミマ：Vポイント（旧Tポイント）・FamiPay。ミニストップ：WAON。\n必要な店では支払い前に会員コードを提示。\n店アプリは決済特典と別にクーポンやミッションを加えることがある。\n対象チェーンではSMBC NLのスマホのタッチで最大7%（方法限定）。\n各チェーンのプログラム\nコンビニはそれぞれ異なるポイントを軸にします。セブン-イレブンはnanaco（アプリでセブンマイルも）。ローソンはPontaとdポイントの両方に参加し、どちらも提示できます。ファミリーマートはVポイント（旧Tポイント）と自社のFamiPayウォレットを使い、キャッシュバックの層を加えます。イオングループのミニストップはWAON POINTです。支払い前に正しい会員コードを提示することが店のポイントの獲得で、決済方法はその上に別の特典を得ます。\n店と決済の特典を組み合わせる\n効率的な手順は、店の会員を提示し、アプリのクーポンを適用し、対象の最良の方法（還元のあるカードやQRウォレット）で払うことです。対象チェーンで三井住友カードの対象店スマホのタッチを使う場合、還元は最大7%になり得ますが、対象のスマホのタッチという正確な経路に限られます。物理カードのタッチやiDは対象外で、7%には基本0.5%が含まれるため別に足してはいけません。カードの特典は通常、クーポン値引き後の金額で計算されます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/convenience-store-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-seven-eleven-best","faq:rewards-lawson-best","faq:rewards-familymart-best"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:convenience-shopper-rewards","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:smbc-numberless-card"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"各チェーンに独自プログラム：セブン/nanaco、ローソン/Ponta・dポイント、ファミマ/Vポイント・FamiPay、ミニストップ/WAON。会員コードを提示し、対象の最良の方法で払います。\n主要コンビニが使うポイントと、店と決済の特典を組み合わせる方法。\nセブン：nanaco・セブンマイル。ローソン：Ponta・dポイント。\nファミマ：Vポイント（旧Tポイント）・FamiPay。ミニストップ：WAON。\n必要な店では支払い前に会員コードを提示。\n店アプリは決済特典と別にクーポンやミッションを加えることがある。\n対象チェーンではSMBC NLのスマホのタッチで最大7%（方法限定）。\n各チェーンのプログラム\nコンビニはそれぞれ異なるポイントを軸にします。セブン-イレブンはnanaco（アプリでセブンマイルも）。ローソンはPontaとdポイントの両方に参加し、どちらも提示できます。ファミリーマートはVポイント（旧Tポイント）と自社のFamiPayウォレットを使い、キャッシュバックの層を加えます。イオングループのミニストップはWAON POINTです。支払い前に正しい会員コードを提示することが店のポイントの獲得で、決済方法はその上に別の特典を得ます。\n店と決済の特典を組み合わせる\n効率的な手順は、店の会員を提示し、アプリのクーポンを適用し、対象の最良の方法（還元のあるカードやQRウォレット）で払うことです。対象チェーンで三井住友カードの対象店スマホのタッチを使う場合、還元は最大7%になり得ますが、対象のスマホのタッチという正確な経路に限られます。物理カードのタッチやiDは対象外で、7%には基本0.5%が含まれるため別に足してはいけません。カードの特典は通常、クーポン値引き後の金額で計算されます。","url":"/ja/points/convenience-store-points","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:supermarket-points:ja","entityId":"guide:supermarket-points","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"スーパーのロイヤリティプログラム","plainText":"イオンはWAON POINT、イトーヨーカドーはnanaco、西友は楽天ポイント寄り、独自カードのチェーンもあります。頻度の高い会員日は、わずかなカード率の差を上回ることが多いです。\n主要スーパーが使うポイントと、店舗限定の会員日がカードの差を上回る理由。\nイオン／マックスバリュ：WAON POINT。イトーヨーカドー：nanaco。\n西友は楽天ポイント寄り、ライフはLaCuCa、東急ストアはTOKYU POINT。\n地域の生協やチェーンのカードが一地域で強いことがある。\n店の会員日やクーポンは、汎用カードの小さな差を上回ることが多い。\nネットスーパー（楽天西友ネットスーパーなど）は経済圏ポイントを加える。\nスーパーが使うポイント\nスーパーの特典は分散しています。イオングループ（イオン・マックスバリュ）はWAON POINT、イトーヨーカドーはnanaco、西友は楽天ポイント寄り、ライフはLaCuCaカード、東急ストアはTOKYU POINT、多くの地域生協や地方チェーンは独自カードを持ち、一都道府県で強いことがあります。食料品は頻繁に買うため、実際に週次で通う店を、わずかに高い汎用カードよりその店のプログラムと組み合わせるのが実用的な勝ち筋です。\n会員日と決済選び\nスーパー自身の頻度の高い会員日（5日・20日の割引、シニアデー、ポイント2倍の日など）は、汎用カード間の小さな差を上回り得るため、まず店の無料プログラムに入りましょう。次に、イオンではWAON、他店では還元のあるカードや電子マネーで払い、決済の特典を加えます。楽天西友ネットスーパーなどのネットスーパーも経済圏ポイントを貯められ、その経済圏に集中している人に有用です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/supermarket-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-supermarket-best","faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:waon-point-guide","guide:nanaco-points-guide","guide:family-rewards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"イオンはWAON POINT、イトーヨーカドーはnanaco、西友は楽天ポイント寄り、独自カードのチェーンもあります。頻度の高い会員日は、わずかなカード率の差を上回ることが多いです。\n主要スーパーが使うポイントと、店舗限定の会員日がカードの差を上回る理由。\nイオン／マックスバリュ：WAON POINT。イトーヨーカドー：nanaco。\n西友は楽天ポイント寄り、ライフはLaCuCa、東急ストアはTOKYU POINT。\n地域の生協やチェーンのカードが一地域で強いことがある。\n店の会員日やクーポンは、汎用カードの小さな差を上回ることが多い。\nネットスーパー（楽天西友ネットスーパーなど）は経済圏ポイントを加える。\nスーパーが使うポイント\nスーパーの特典は分散しています。イオングループ（イオン・マックスバリュ）はWAON POINT、イトーヨーカドーはnanaco、西友は楽天ポイント寄り、ライフはLaCuCaカード、東急ストアはTOKYU POINT、多くの地域生協や地方チェーンは独自カードを持ち、一都道府県で強いことがあります。食料品は頻繁に買うため、実際に週次で通う店を、わずかに高い汎用カードよりその店のプログラムと組み合わせるのが実用的な勝ち筋です。\n会員日と決済選び\nスーパー自身の頻度の高い会員日（5日・20日の割引、シニアデー、ポイント2倍の日など）は、汎用カード間の小さな差を上回り得るため、まず店の無料プログラムに入りましょう。次に、イオンではWAON、他店では還元のあるカードや電子マネーで払い、決済の特典を加えます。楽天西友ネットスーパーなどのネットスーパーも経済圏ポイントを貯められ、その経済圏に集中している人に有用です。","url":"/ja/points/supermarket-points","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:electronics-store-points:ja","entityId":"guide:electronics-store-points","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"家電量販店のポイント（ビック・ヨドバシ・ヤマダ）","plainText":"ヨドバシやビックカメラは高い店ポイント（現金で約10%が多い）を付けますが、カード払いで率が下がることがあり、他店の現金価格が安いこともあります。最終価格・保証・ポイントを合わせて比較しましょう。\n家電量販店の高い還元率の仕組みと、最終的な現金価格が最も重要な理由。\nヨドバシのゴールドポイントやビックカメラのポイントは高い（現金で約10%が多い）。\nヤマダ・エディオン・ジョーシン・ケーズは独自のポイントカード。\nカード払いで店ポイント率が下がる商品がある。\nビックカメラSuicaカードは店ポイントとSuica／JRE機能を結ぶ。\n表面的な%だけでなく、最終現金価格・保証・ポイントを比較。\n家電ポイントの仕組み\n家電チェーンは異例に高い店ポイント率を付けます。ヨドバシのゴールドポイントやビックカメラのポイントは現金払いで約10%が一般的で、ヤマダ・エディオン・ジョーシン・ケーズデンキは独自カード（通常1%前後や割引の日）を持ちます。落とし穴は、クレジットカードで払うと商品によって店ポイント率が下がることです。店がカード網のコストを負担するためです。ビックカメラSuicaカードは、店ポイントとSuica・JRE POINT機能を結ぶ便利なハイブリッドです。\n最終価格が最も重要な理由\n表面的な還元率が高いほど得とは限りません。店ポイント率は商品や決済方法で異なるため、ポイント後の最終現金価格・保証・ポイント減額の決済方法を店ごとに比較すべきです。ポイント目当てで高い店から買うのは、使える特典と他の利点が価格差を上回らない限り、めったに得になりません。ポイント払い（一部を既存ポイントで払う）も、どの方法が最も貯まるかを変えることがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/electronics-store-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:bic-camera-suica-card","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"ヨドバシやビックカメラは高い店ポイント（現金で約10%が多い）を付けますが、カード払いで率が下がることがあり、他店の現金価格が安いこともあります。最終価格・保証・ポイントを合わせて比較しましょう。\n家電量販店の高い還元率の仕組みと、最終的な現金価格が最も重要な理由。\nヨドバシのゴールドポイントやビックカメラのポイントは高い（現金で約10%が多い）。\nヤマダ・エディオン・ジョーシン・ケーズは独自のポイントカード。\nカード払いで店ポイント率が下がる商品がある。\nビックカメラSuicaカードは店ポイントとSuica／JRE機能を結ぶ。\n表面的な%だけでなく、最終現金価格・保証・ポイントを比較。\n家電ポイントの仕組み\n家電チェーンは異例に高い店ポイント率を付けます。ヨドバシのゴールドポイントやビックカメラのポイントは現金払いで約10%が一般的で、ヤマダ・エディオン・ジョーシン・ケーズデンキは独自カード（通常1%前後や割引の日）を持ちます。落とし穴は、クレジットカードで払うと商品によって店ポイント率が下がることです。店がカード網のコストを負担するためです。ビックカメラSuicaカードは、店ポイントとSuica・JRE POINT機能を結ぶ便利なハイブリッドです。\n最終価格が最も重要な理由\n表面的な還元率が高いほど得とは限りません。店ポイント率は商品や決済方法で異なるため、ポイント後の最終現金価格・保証・ポイント減額の決済方法を店ごとに比較すべきです。ポイント目当てで高い店から買うのは、使える特典と他の利点が価格差を上回らない限り、めったに得になりません。ポイント払い（一部を既存ポイントで払う）も、どの方法が最も貯まるかを変えることがあります。","url":"/ja/points/electronics-store-points","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:fuel-points-automobile:ja","entityId":"guide:fuel-points-automobile","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"給油・自動車の特典","plainText":"給油チェーンはポイント（ENEOS、出光/Ponta・楽天、コスモ）や独自の給油カードと連携します。1リットルあたりの値引きは現在の店頭価格で%に換算し、理論上の網羅性より近い店を評価しましょう。\n給油チェーンのポイントの仕組みと、1リットルあたりの値引きを%に換算すべき理由。\nENEOS連携のプログラム・カード。出光はPontaや楽天と関係。\nコスモや独自の給油カードは1リットルあたりの値引きを提供。\n1リットルあたりの値引きは店頭価格で実質%に換算。\n近い店のほうが網羅性より重要なことが多い。\nレンタカーや整備チェーン（オートバックスなど）は独自ポイント。\n給油チェーンのポイントとカード\n給油の特典は2種類あります。全国ポイントへの参加と、独自の給油カードです。ENEOSはポイントプログラムと自社カードに連携し、出光（apollostation）は内容によりPontaや楽天に関係し、コスモなどは独自カードを持ちます。給油カードは%ではなく1リットルあたりの値引きのことが多く、比較が分かりにくくなります。正しい方法は、1リットルあたりの値引きを現在の店頭価格で実質%に換算し、一般的な1%カードと比べることです。\n立地・レンタカー・整備\n給油では、店頭価格の値引きがある近い店のほうが、理論上広い網より重要なことが多いです。遠い店まで走る時間と回り道のコストが特典を打ち消し得ます。レンタカー（タイムズ、ニッポンレンタカー）や整備チェーン（オートバックス）は独自のポイントカードを持ち、定期的に使う場合のみ入る価値があります。いつも通り、これらの特典はどのみち行う運転への割引として扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/fuel-points-automobile","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-fuel-percentage"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ponta-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"給油チェーンはポイント（ENEOS、出光/Ponta・楽天、コスモ）や独自の給油カードと連携します。1リットルあたりの値引きは現在の店頭価格で%に換算し、理論上の網羅性より近い店を評価しましょう。\n給油チェーンのポイントの仕組みと、1リットルあたりの値引きを%に換算すべき理由。\nENEOS連携のプログラム・カード。出光はPontaや楽天と関係。\nコスモや独自の給油カードは1リットルあたりの値引きを提供。\n1リットルあたりの値引きは店頭価格で実質%に換算。\n近い店のほうが網羅性より重要なことが多い。\nレンタカーや整備チェーン（オートバックスなど）は独自ポイント。\n給油チェーンのポイントとカード\n給油の特典は2種類あります。全国ポイントへの参加と、独自の給油カードです。ENEOSはポイントプログラムと自社カードに連携し、出光（apollostation）は内容によりPontaや楽天に関係し、コスモなどは独自カードを持ちます。給油カードは%ではなく1リットルあたりの値引きのことが多く、比較が分かりにくくなります。正しい方法は、1リットルあたりの値引きを現在の店頭価格で実質%に換算し、一般的な1%カードと比べることです。\n立地・レンタカー・整備\n給油では、店頭価格の値引きがある近い店のほうが、理論上広い網より重要なことが多いです。遠い店まで走る時間と回り道のコストが特典を打ち消し得ます。レンタカー（タイムズ、ニッポンレンタカー）や整備チェーン（オートバックス）は独自のポイントカードを持ち、定期的に使う場合のみ入る価値があります。いつも通り、これらの特典はどのみち行う運転への割引として扱いましょう。","url":"/ja/points/fuel-points-automobile","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:restaurant-points-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:restaurant-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"飲食店・フードデリバリーの特典","plainText":"外食に統一ポイントはほぼなく、チェーンのアプリやモバイルオーダーのクーポンが基本ポイントに勝るのが普通で、デリバリーの上乗せや手数料は得たポイントを超えがちです。還元のあるカードで払い、クーポンを使いましょう。\n飲食店でアプリクーポンが基本ポイントに勝る理由と、デリバリーの上乗せが特典を食う仕組み。\n日本に主要な統一飲食ポイントはない。\nチェーンのアプリ（スタバ・すき家／ゼンショー・マクドナルド）やクーポンが価値を加える。\nモバイルオーダーのクーポンは基本ポイントに勝るが、カードポイント対象額を減らすことも。\nデリバリー（Uber Eats・Wolt・出前館）はクーポン中心。上乗せがポイントを超え得る。\n全国ポイント提携でも、カードやQR決済では貯められる。\n飲食店：基本ポイントよりアプリとクーポン\n日本に主要な統一飲食ロイヤリティはないため、価値はチェーン固有のアプリと全国ポイント提携から来ます。スターバックスリワード、ゼンショー／すき家のアプリ、マクドナルド、モバイルオーダーのキャンペーンは、基本ポイントより価値が大きいことが多いですが、クーポンでカードポイントの計算対象額が減ることがあります。実用的には、チェーンアプリのクーポンを使い、その店がポイント提携なら還元のあるカードやQRウォレットで払い、決済の特典を得ることです。\nフードデリバリー：上乗せに注意\nUber Eats・Wolt・出前館などのデリバリーアプリは、安定した基本還元より一時的なクーポンが中心です。重要な注意はポイントではなく経済面です。デリバリーのメニュー上乗せ・配達料・サービス料は、得たポイントを容易に超え得ます。メニュー価格・配達料・サービス料・クーポン価値を、直接注文や店頭受け取りと比べましょう。ポイントが、そうでなければ払わないデリバリーを正当化してはいけません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/restaurant-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-food-delivery-worth"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:stacking-credit-qr-store"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"外食に統一ポイントはほぼなく、チェーンのアプリやモバイルオーダーのクーポンが基本ポイントに勝るのが普通で、デリバリーの上乗せや手数料は得たポイントを超えがちです。還元のあるカードで払い、クーポンを使いましょう。\n飲食店でアプリクーポンが基本ポイントに勝る理由と、デリバリーの上乗せが特典を食う仕組み。\n日本に主要な統一飲食ポイントはない。\nチェーンのアプリ（スタバ・すき家／ゼンショー・マクドナルド）やクーポンが価値を加える。\nモバイルオーダーのクーポンは基本ポイントに勝るが、カードポイント対象額を減らすことも。\nデリバリー（Uber Eats・Wolt・出前館）はクーポン中心。上乗せがポイントを超え得る。\n全国ポイント提携でも、カードやQR決済では貯められる。\n飲食店：基本ポイントよりアプリとクーポン\n日本に主要な統一飲食ロイヤリティはないため、価値はチェーン固有のアプリと全国ポイント提携から来ます。スターバックスリワード、ゼンショー／すき家のアプリ、マクドナルド、モバイルオーダーのキャンペーンは、基本ポイントより価値が大きいことが多いですが、クーポンでカードポイントの計算対象額が減ることがあります。実用的には、チェーンアプリのクーポンを使い、その店がポイント提携なら還元のあるカードやQRウォレットで払い、決済の特典を得ることです。\nフードデリバリー：上乗せに注意\nUber Eats・Wolt・出前館などのデリバリーアプリは、安定した基本還元より一時的なクーポンが中心です。重要な注意はポイントではなく経済面です。デリバリーのメニュー上乗せ・配達料・サービス料は、得たポイントを容易に超え得ます。メニュー価格・配達料・サービス料・クーポン価値を、直接注文や店頭受け取りと比べましょう。ポイントが、そうでなければ払わないデリバリーを正当化してはいけません。","url":"/ja/points/restaurant-points-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ecommerce-points-programs:ja","entityId":"guide:ecommerce-points-programs","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ECモールのポイント","plainText":"楽天市場は楽天ポイント＋SPU、Yahoo!ショッピングはPayPayポイント（PayPayカードで強力）、Amazon Japanは控えめなAmazonポイント、au PAYマーケットはPonta。クーポン・送料・ポイント後の支払総額で比較しましょう。\n楽天市場・Amazon Japan・Yahoo!ショッピング・au PAYマーケットのポイント比較。\n楽天市場：楽天ポイント（基本1%）＋SPU倍率・キャンペーン。\nYahoo!ショッピング：PayPayポイント。PayPayカードや週次クーポンで増加。\nAmazon Japan：控えめなAmazonポイント。連携Mastercardで高くなることも。\nau PAYマーケット（Wowma）：Ponta／auポイント。auサービスと連携。\nポイント率だけでなく、クーポン・送料・ポイント後の支払総額で比較。\n主要モールの貯め方\n楽天市場は基本1%の楽天ポイントにSPU倍率と定期の大型キャンペーンが加わり、楽天に集中する人は汎用カードを上回れます。Yahoo!ショッピングはPayPayポイントで、PayPayカードや週次クーポンと組み合わせると高い合計還元になります。Amazon JapanはAmazonポイントを対象商品に控えめに付け、連携Mastercardで高くなることもあります。au PAYマーケット（旧Wowma）はPonta／auポイントでau利用者に合います。経済圏ボーナスは汎用カードを上回り得ますが、上限と価格を比較すべきです。\n支払総額で比較する\nモールのキャンペーンはエントリーが必要で上限が低いことが多く、表面的な還元率は総コストから注意をそらします。商品の支払総額を、クーポン・送料・ポイント後にモール横断で比較し、ポイントが有用に保てるよう既に集中している経済圏を優先しましょう。楽天では、いくつかのSPU・キャンペーン分が失効の早い期間限定ポイントで、通常交換できない点を思い出し、比較時は割り引きましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/ecommerce-points-programs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon","faq:rewards-rakuten-spu"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:compare-point-ecosystems","guide:ecommerce-stacking"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"楽天市場は楽天ポイント＋SPU、Yahoo!ショッピングはPayPayポイント（PayPayカードで強力）、Amazon Japanは控えめなAmazonポイント、au PAYマーケットはPonta。クーポン・送料・ポイント後の支払総額で比較しましょう。\n楽天市場・Amazon Japan・Yahoo!ショッピング・au PAYマーケットのポイント比較。\n楽天市場：楽天ポイント（基本1%）＋SPU倍率・キャンペーン。\nYahoo!ショッピング：PayPayポイント。PayPayカードや週次クーポンで増加。\nAmazon Japan：控えめなAmazonポイント。連携Mastercardで高くなることも。\nau PAYマーケット（Wowma）：Ponta／auポイント。auサービスと連携。\nポイント率だけでなく、クーポン・送料・ポイント後の支払総額で比較。\n主要モールの貯め方\n楽天市場は基本1%の楽天ポイントにSPU倍率と定期の大型キャンペーンが加わり、楽天に集中する人は汎用カードを上回れます。Yahoo!ショッピングはPayPayポイントで、PayPayカードや週次クーポンと組み合わせると高い合計還元になります。Amazon JapanはAmazonポイントを対象商品に控えめに付け、連携Mastercardで高くなることもあります。au PAYマーケット（旧Wowma）はPonta／auポイントでau利用者に合います。経済圏ボーナスは汎用カードを上回り得ますが、上限と価格を比較すべきです。\n支払総額で比較する\nモールのキャンペーンはエントリーが必要で上限が低いことが多く、表面的な還元率は総コストから注意をそらします。商品の支払総額を、クーポン・送料・ポイント後にモール横断で比較し、ポイントが有用に保てるよう既に集中している経済圏を優先しましょう。楽天では、いくつかのSPU・キャンペーン分が失効の早い期間限定ポイントで、通常交換できない点を思い出し、比較時は割り引きましょう。","url":"/ja/points/ecommerce-points-programs","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bank-brokerage-rewards:ja","entityId":"guide:bank-brokerage-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"銀行・証券の特典","plainText":"銀行は給与振込・口座振替・残高でポイントを付け、証券（SBI/Vポイント、楽天証券/楽天ポイント、eSmart/Ponta）はクレカ積立に還元します。ただし上限・信託報酬・適合性がポイントより先です。\n銀行・証券がポイントを付ける仕組みと、特典より適合性が先である理由。\n銀行は給与振込・口座振替・残高でポイントを付けることがある。\nSBI証券はVポイント、楽天証券は楽天ポイントと連携。\neSmart証券（auカブコムの後継）はPontaと連携。\nクレカ積立は月間上限・対象ファンド・利用条件がある。\n投資の適合性・手数料・リスクがポイントより常に先。\n銀行の特典\nいくつかの銀行は取引関係（給与振込・口座振替・口座残高）にポイントを付けます。楽天銀行・SMBC／Olive・auじぶん銀行・PayPay銀行などです。既にそこで取引しているなら本当のボーナスになり得ますが、わずかな特典だけで銀行を変えると運用リスク（手数料の変化・振込の手間・口座開設の労力）が生じます。銀行ポイントは、他が同等に適した口座間のタイブレークとして扱い、主要な銀行取引を移す理由にはしないでください。\n証券とクレカ積立\n証券会社はクレカ積立に還元します。SBI証券はVポイントとSMBCカード、楽天証券は楽天ポイント、eSmart証券（auカブコムの後継）はPontaと連携します。表示上の最大率はカードのランクや年間利用・サービス条件次第で、多くの利用者の通常率ではありません。月間の積立上限もあります。重要なのは、これは無リスクの利回りではないことです。市場リスク・信託報酬・カード年会費・上限は残ります。ファンドとプラットフォームはまず適合性と総コストで選び、ポイントは二次的なタイブレークとして扱いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/bank-brokerage-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-card-investing","faq:rewards-card-investing-risk"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:annual-fee-calculator","guide:v-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/creditmode/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Financial Service","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"銀行は給与振込・口座振替・残高でポイントを付け、証券（SBI/Vポイント、楽天証券/楽天ポイント、eSmart/Ponta）はクレカ積立に還元します。ただし上限・信託報酬・適合性がポイントより先です。\n銀行・証券がポイントを付ける仕組みと、特典より適合性が先である理由。\n銀行は給与振込・口座振替・残高でポイントを付けることがある。\nSBI証券はVポイント、楽天証券は楽天ポイントと連携。\neSmart証券（auカブコムの後継）はPontaと連携。\nクレカ積立は月間上限・対象ファンド・利用条件がある。\n投資の適合性・手数料・リスクがポイントより常に先。\n銀行の特典\nいくつかの銀行は取引関係（給与振込・口座振替・口座残高）にポイントを付けます。楽天銀行・SMBC／Olive・auじぶん銀行・PayPay銀行などです。既にそこで取引しているなら本当のボーナスになり得ますが、わずかな特典だけで銀行を変えると運用リスク（手数料の変化・振込の手間・口座開設の労力）が生じます。銀行ポイントは、他が同等に適した口座間のタイブレークとして扱い、主要な銀行取引を移す理由にはしないでください。\n証券とクレカ積立\n証券会社はクレカ積立に還元します。SBI証券はVポイントとSMBCカード、楽天証券は楽天ポイント、eSmart証券（auカブコムの後継）はPontaと連携します。表示上の最大率はカードのランクや年間利用・サービス条件次第で、多くの利用者の通常率ではありません。月間の積立上限もあります。重要なのは、これは無リスクの利回りではないことです。市場リスク・信託報酬・カード年会費・上限は残ります。ファンドとプラットフォームはまず適合性と総コストで選び、ポイントは二次的なタイブレークとして扱いましょう。","url":"/ja/points/bank-brokerage-rewards","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:global-point-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:global-point-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"グローバルポイント（三菱UFJカード）ガイド","plainText":"グローバルポイントは三菱UFJニコスのカードポイントで、月間利用1,000円につき約1ポイント、有利な交換先で1ポイント約5円相当、獲得から2年で失効します。\n三菱UFJカードで貯まるグローバルポイントの貯め方、交換先ごとの価値、2年の有効期限を解説。\n運営：三菱UFJニコス。VIASOやゴールド・プラチナを含む三菱UFJカードで貯まる。\n基本は月間利用1,000円につき約1ポイント。月内の合計から端数処理するため少額利用も無駄になりにくい。\n有利な交換先では1ポイント約5円相当で、基本還元は0.5%前後。\nポイントは獲得月から2年で失効し、利用による期限延長はない。\nPOINT名人.comや対象店舗プログラムで倍率が上がるが、所定の経路を通る必要がある。\nグローバルポイントの貯め方\nグローバルポイントは三菱UFJニコス発行のクレジットカード（三菱UFJカード、VIASOカード、ゴールドプレステージ、プラチナ・アメリカン・エキスプレスなど）で貯まるポイントです。基本付与は税込1,000円につき1ポイントで、取引ごとではなく月間の請求合計に対して計算されるため、少額の買い物も月内で合算されてから端数が切り捨てられます。対象店舗プログラムや自社モールのPOINT名人.comを経由すると倍率が大きく上がりますが、所定の経路・登録店舗を通った場合に限られる条件付きの上乗せで、基本還元率ではありません。なお、VIASOカードだけは扱いが異なり、手動交換ではなく貯まったポイントが年1回、最低額以上でキャッシュバックとして自動精算されます。\n1ポイントの価値と失効\nグローバルポイントに固定の価値はなく、交換先によって変わります。他社ポイントやギフトカードへの交換ではおおむね1ポイント5円相当とされることが多く、これが基本還元率を実質0.5%前後にしています。価値の低い交換先を選べばそれだけ下がるため、「1,000円で1ポイント」と「100円で1ポイント」を並べても、円に換算するまでは比較になりません。注意が必要なのは有効期限で、ポイントは獲得月から2年で失効し、楽天ポイントのように利用を続ければ古い残高の期限が延びる仕組みはありません。実務的には、貯金箱のように放置せず、年に一度は残高と失効予定を確認する必要があります。交換先としては、支払への充当、ギフトカード、提携ポイントプログラムや航空マイルへの移行などが案内されており、それぞれ交換率と最低交換単位が異なります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/global-point-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-value","faq:points-expiry"],"products":["product:mitsubishi-ufj-card","product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige","product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso"],"guides":["guide:point-value-expiry","guide:compare-point-ecosystems","guide:redeem-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/reason/point/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"グローバルポイントは三菱UFJニコスのカードポイントで、月間利用1,000円につき約1ポイント、有利な交換先で1ポイント約5円相当、獲得から2年で失効します。\n三菱UFJカードで貯まるグローバルポイントの貯め方、交換先ごとの価値、2年の有効期限を解説。\n運営：三菱UFJニコス。VIASOやゴールド・プラチナを含む三菱UFJカードで貯まる。\n基本は月間利用1,000円につき約1ポイント。月内の合計から端数処理するため少額利用も無駄になりにくい。\n有利な交換先では1ポイント約5円相当で、基本還元は0.5%前後。\nポイントは獲得月から2年で失効し、利用による期限延長はない。\nPOINT名人.comや対象店舗プログラムで倍率が上がるが、所定の経路を通る必要がある。\nグローバルポイントの貯め方\nグローバルポイントは三菱UFJニコス発行のクレジットカード（三菱UFJカード、VIASOカード、ゴールドプレステージ、プラチナ・アメリカン・エキスプレスなど）で貯まるポイントです。基本付与は税込1,000円につき1ポイントで、取引ごとではなく月間の請求合計に対して計算されるため、少額の買い物も月内で合算されてから端数が切り捨てられます。対象店舗プログラムや自社モールのPOINT名人.comを経由すると倍率が大きく上がりますが、所定の経路・登録店舗を通った場合に限られる条件付きの上乗せで、基本還元率ではありません。なお、VIASOカードだけは扱いが異なり、手動交換ではなく貯まったポイントが年1回、最低額以上でキャッシュバックとして自動精算されます。\n1ポイントの価値と失効\nグローバルポイントに固定の価値はなく、交換先によって変わります。他社ポイントやギフトカードへの交換ではおおむね1ポイント5円相当とされることが多く、これが基本還元率を実質0.5%前後にしています。価値の低い交換先を選べばそれだけ下がるため、「1,000円で1ポイント」と「100円で1ポイント」を並べても、円に換算するまでは比較になりません。注意が必要なのは有効期限で、ポイントは獲得月から2年で失効し、楽天ポイントのように利用を続ければ古い残高の期限が延びる仕組みはありません。実務的には、貯金箱のように放置せず、年に一度は残高と失効予定を確認する必要があります。交換先としては、支払への充当、ギフトカード、提携ポイントプログラムや航空マイルへの移行などが案内されており、それぞれ交換率と最低交換単位が異なります。","url":"/ja/points/global-point-guide","updated":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:j-point-jcb-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:j-point-jcb-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"J-POINT（JCB）ガイド","plainText":"J-POINTは2026年1月にOki Dokiポイントから切り替わったJCBのポイントで、既存残高は自動移行され、交換先による価値の差は依然として大きいです。\n2026年1月にOki Dokiポイントから移行したJ-POINTの貯め方と、交換先による価値の違いを解説。\n運営：JCB。2026年1月13日にOki DokiポイントからJ-POINTへ移行し、残高は自動で換算された。\n付与は月間の請求合計に対して計算され、取引ごとに端数が切り捨てられるわけではない。\nJCBカードW・W plus Lは一般のJCBカードより基本倍率が優遇される。\nJ-POINTモール（旧Oki Dokiランド）経由で提携店の倍率が上がるが、経路を通る必要がある。\n交換先で価値が大きく変わるため、ポイント数ではなく円換算で比較する。\nOki DokiポイントからJ-POINTへ\nJCBは長年運用してきたOki Dokiポイントを、2026年1月13日にJ-POINTとしてリニューアルしました。会員側の手続きは不要で、既存のOki Doki残高は公表された比率で自動的に換算され、ショッピングモールもOki DokiランドからJ-POINTモールへ変わりました。この換算で残高の「ポイント数」の桁が変わったため、「1,000円分のギフトカードが300ポイント」といった旧Oki Doki時代の交換レートを引用した第三者記事は、いまのJ-POINT残高で何が買えるかの目安になりません。交換が得かどうかを判断する前に、JCBのプログラムページで現行の交換レートを確認してください。\n貯め方と使い方\nポイントは取引ごとではなく月間のカード利用合計に対して計算されるため、少額利用が続いた月でも貯まります。基本倍率はカードによって異なり、JCBカードWとJCBカード W plus Lは一般のJCBカードより優遇される一方、ゴールド以上の上位ランクは基本倍率ではなくサービス面に重心があります。提携店やJ-POINTモールを経由すると倍率が上がりますが、所定の経路を通った利用に限られ、キャンペーンの付与はさらに別枠です。使い道はギフトカード、支払への充当、提携ポイント、ANA・JALを含む航空マイルなど幅広く、実質価値は交換先で大きく異なります。マイルへの移行は加入している移行コースに左右されるのが通常です。他の発行会社のポイントと同じく、「ポイントが多く付く」カードが本当に得かどうかは、双方を円に換算してから判断してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/j-point-jcb-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-value","faq:rewards-point-value"],"products":["product:jcb-card-w","product:jcb-card-s","product:jcb-gold"],"guides":["guide:jcb-card-w","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JCB","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"JCB","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/release/point-renewal_2506.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"J-POINTは2026年1月にOki Dokiポイントから切り替わったJCBのポイントで、既存残高は自動移行され、交換先による価値の差は依然として大きいです。\n2026年1月にOki Dokiポイントから移行したJ-POINTの貯め方と、交換先による価値の違いを解説。\n運営：JCB。2026年1月13日にOki DokiポイントからJ-POINTへ移行し、残高は自動で換算された。\n付与は月間の請求合計に対して計算され、取引ごとに端数が切り捨てられるわけではない。\nJCBカードW・W plus Lは一般のJCBカードより基本倍率が優遇される。\nJ-POINTモール（旧Oki Dokiランド）経由で提携店の倍率が上がるが、経路を通る必要がある。\n交換先で価値が大きく変わるため、ポイント数ではなく円換算で比較する。\nOki DokiポイントからJ-POINTへ\nJCBは長年運用してきたOki Dokiポイントを、2026年1月13日にJ-POINTとしてリニューアルしました。会員側の手続きは不要で、既存のOki Doki残高は公表された比率で自動的に換算され、ショッピングモールもOki DokiランドからJ-POINTモールへ変わりました。この換算で残高の「ポイント数」の桁が変わったため、「1,000円分のギフトカードが300ポイント」といった旧Oki Doki時代の交換レートを引用した第三者記事は、いまのJ-POINT残高で何が買えるかの目安になりません。交換が得かどうかを判断する前に、JCBのプログラムページで現行の交換レートを確認してください。\n貯め方と使い方\nポイントは取引ごとではなく月間のカード利用合計に対して計算されるため、少額利用が続いた月でも貯まります。基本倍率はカードによって異なり、JCBカードWとJCBカード W plus Lは一般のJCBカードより優遇される一方、ゴールド以上の上位ランクは基本倍率ではなくサービス面に重心があります。提携店やJ-POINTモールを経由すると倍率が上がりますが、所定の経路を通った利用に限られ、キャンペーンの付与はさらに別枠です。使い道はギフトカード、支払への充当、提携ポイント、ANA・JALを含む航空マイルなど幅広く、実質価値は交換先で大きく異なります。マイルへの移行は加入している移行コースに左右されるのが通常です。他の発行会社のポイントと同じく、「ポイントが多く付く」カードが本当に得かどうかは、双方を円に換算してから判断してください。","url":"/ja/points/j-point-jcb-guide","updated":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:eikyu-fumetsu-points-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:eikyu-fumetsu-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"永久不滅ポイント（セゾン）ガイド","plainText":"永久不滅ポイントはクレディセゾンのポイントで、会員資格が有効な間は失効しません。付与は1,000円につき約1ポイント、有利な交換先で1ポイント約5円相当です。\n有効期限のないクレディセゾンのポイント。貯め方、実際の価値、「永久不滅」の限界を解説。\n運営：クレディセゾン。セゾン・アメックスを含むセゾンカード全般で貯まる。\n会員資格が有効な間は有効期限がない点がプログラムの目玉。\n基本は月間利用1,000円につき約1ポイントで、有利な交換先では約5円相当（約0.5%）。\nセゾンパール・アメックスはApple Pay／Google PayのQUICPayで年間上限つきの優遇還元。\n「無期限」なのはポイントであってカードではない。会員資格を失えばポイントも失う。\n永久不滅ポイントの貯め方\n永久不滅ポイントは、年会費無料のセゾンカードインターナショナルからセゾン・アメックス各種、ゴールド・プラチナまで、クレディセゾンのカードで共通に貯まるポイントです。基本付与は対象利用の月間合計、税込1,000円につき1ポイントです。その上に、カードごとの条件付き優遇が乗ります。セゾンパール・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードはApple PayまたはGoogle Pay経由のQUICPay利用に対し、年間の利用上限つきで最大約2%相当と公表される優遇を適用し、ローズゴールドやゴールド・アソシエは海外利用や会員が選んだカテゴリーに高い倍率を設定しています。これらはいずれも決済経路・登録・対象カテゴリーの条件付きであり、カードの基本還元率として読むべきではありません。\n「無期限」の実際の価値\nこのプログラムの特徴は、ポイントが失効しないことです。ポイントを失う最も一般的な原因である「気づかないうちの期限切れ」がなくなるため、カード利用が少なめ・不定期な人には合理的な選択肢になります。ただし注意点が2つあります。第一に、無期限なのはポイントであって発行会社との関係ではありません。解約などで会員資格がなくなれば残高も失われるため、「永久不滅」は「何があっても自分のもの」という意味ではありません。第二に、無期限であることは交換レートを上げません。ポイントはアイテム、ギフトカード、他社ポイント、航空マイル、支払への充当などに交換でき、1ポイントあたりの実質価値は交換先によって変わり、有利な選択肢でおおむね5円前後です。これが基本還元を0.5%前後にしています。失効しないが0.5%のカードは、純粋な還元率では、実際に使い切る1%のカードに劣ります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/eikyu-fumetsu-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-expiry","faq:points-expiry"],"products":["product:saison-card-digital","product:saison-pearl-amex-digital","product:saison-gold-premium"],"guides":["guide:saison-gold-amex","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"永久不滅ポイントはクレディセゾンのポイントで、会員資格が有効な間は失効しません。付与は1,000円につき約1ポイント、有利な交換先で1ポイント約5円相当です。\n有効期限のないクレディセゾンのポイント。貯め方、実際の価値、「永久不滅」の限界を解説。\n運営：クレディセゾン。セゾン・アメックスを含むセゾンカード全般で貯まる。\n会員資格が有効な間は有効期限がない点がプログラムの目玉。\n基本は月間利用1,000円につき約1ポイントで、有利な交換先では約5円相当（約0.5%）。\nセゾンパール・アメックスはApple Pay／Google PayのQUICPayで年間上限つきの優遇還元。\n「無期限」なのはポイントであってカードではない。会員資格を失えばポイントも失う。\n永久不滅ポイントの貯め方\n永久不滅ポイントは、年会費無料のセゾンカードインターナショナルからセゾン・アメックス各種、ゴールド・プラチナまで、クレディセゾンのカードで共通に貯まるポイントです。基本付与は対象利用の月間合計、税込1,000円につき1ポイントです。その上に、カードごとの条件付き優遇が乗ります。セゾンパール・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードはApple PayまたはGoogle Pay経由のQUICPay利用に対し、年間の利用上限つきで最大約2%相当と公表される優遇を適用し、ローズゴールドやゴールド・アソシエは海外利用や会員が選んだカテゴリーに高い倍率を設定しています。これらはいずれも決済経路・登録・対象カテゴリーの条件付きであり、カードの基本還元率として読むべきではありません。\n「無期限」の実際の価値\nこのプログラムの特徴は、ポイントが失効しないことです。ポイントを失う最も一般的な原因である「気づかないうちの期限切れ」がなくなるため、カード利用が少なめ・不定期な人には合理的な選択肢になります。ただし注意点が2つあります。第一に、無期限なのはポイントであって発行会社との関係ではありません。解約などで会員資格がなくなれば残高も失われるため、「永久不滅」は「何があっても自分のもの」という意味ではありません。第二に、無期限であることは交換レートを上げません。ポイントはアイテム、ギフトカード、他社ポイント、航空マイル、支払への充当などに交換でき、1ポイントあたりの実質価値は交換先によって変わり、有利な選択肢でおおむね5円前後です。これが基本還元を0.5%前後にしています。失効しないが0.5%のカードは、純粋な還元率では、実際に使い切る1%のカードに劣ります。","url":"/ja/points/eikyu-fumetsu-points-guide","updated":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:orico-point-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:orico-point-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"オリコポイントガイド","plainText":"オリコポイントはTHE POINT系で100円につき約1ポイント、1ポイント約1円で交換でき、有効期限は短めです。還元率は高いが放置には向きません。\n1ポイント1円で分かりやすいオリコのポイント。THE POINT系の高い基本還元と、短い有効期限を解説。\n運営：株式会社オリエントコーポレーション（オリコ）。オリコカード全般で貯まる。\nTHE POINT系は基本約1%で、入会後一定期間の優遇が公表されている。\nギフト券や他社ポイントへおおむね1ポイント1円で交換でき、価値が分かりやすい。\nTHE PLATINUMは常時約1%以上、誕生月は約2%。\nセゾンなどに比べ有効期限が短いため、こまめな交換が必要。\nオリコカードでの貯まり方\nオリコポイントは、オリエントコーポレーションのクレジットカードで貯まるポイントです。THE POINT系（Orico Card THE POINT、THE POINT PREMIUM GOLD、リボ構造のTHE POINT UPty）は基本約1%の付与に、入会後一定期間の優遇を組み合わせた設計で、「年会費無料で基本還元が高いカード」として挙げられるのはこのためです。その上位では、Orico Card THE WORLDが海外ショッピングの還元率を国内の2倍にし、Orico Card THE PLATINUMは常時約1%以上、誕生月は約2%に上がります。さらにオリコ自身のオンラインモールを経由すると倍率が加算されますが、店舗から直接ではなくモールを起点に購入することが条件です。\n価値と有効期限のトレードオフ\nオリコポイントの強みは分かりやすさです。ギフト券や他社ポイントへおおむね1ポイント1円で交換できるため、「100円につき1ポイント」がそのまま約1%を意味し、換算作業が要りません。1,000円につき1ポイントで、実際の価値が交換先次第という他社ポイントに比べ、これは実務上の利点です。代償は「待てないこと」です。オリコポイントは有効期限が比較的短く公表されているため、何に交換するか考えている間に残高が失効しかねません。大きな交換を目指して貯め込むより、少額でもこまめに交換するのが実践的で、無期限プログラムに適した戦略とは逆になります。また、THE POINT UPtyはリボ払い構造のカードである点にも注意してください。残高を繰り越しながら同じポイントを貯めても、手数料がポイントの価値を大きく上回ることがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/orico-point-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-expiry","faq:rewards-revolving"],"products":["product:orico-card-the-point","product:orico-the-point-premium-gold","product:orico-card-the-gold-prime"],"guides":["guide:point-value-expiry","guide:best-programs-by-category","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Orient Corporation","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/pointservice/oricopoint/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/the-point/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"オリコポイントはTHE POINT系で100円につき約1ポイント、1ポイント約1円で交換でき、有効期限は短めです。還元率は高いが放置には向きません。\n1ポイント1円で分かりやすいオリコのポイント。THE POINT系の高い基本還元と、短い有効期限を解説。\n運営：株式会社オリエントコーポレーション（オリコ）。オリコカード全般で貯まる。\nTHE POINT系は基本約1%で、入会後一定期間の優遇が公表されている。\nギフト券や他社ポイントへおおむね1ポイント1円で交換でき、価値が分かりやすい。\nTHE PLATINUMは常時約1%以上、誕生月は約2%。\nセゾンなどに比べ有効期限が短いため、こまめな交換が必要。\nオリコカードでの貯まり方\nオリコポイントは、オリエントコーポレーションのクレジットカードで貯まるポイントです。THE POINT系（Orico Card THE POINT、THE POINT PREMIUM GOLD、リボ構造のTHE POINT UPty）は基本約1%の付与に、入会後一定期間の優遇を組み合わせた設計で、「年会費無料で基本還元が高いカード」として挙げられるのはこのためです。その上位では、Orico Card THE WORLDが海外ショッピングの還元率を国内の2倍にし、Orico Card THE PLATINUMは常時約1%以上、誕生月は約2%に上がります。さらにオリコ自身のオンラインモールを経由すると倍率が加算されますが、店舗から直接ではなくモールを起点に購入することが条件です。\n価値と有効期限のトレードオフ\nオリコポイントの強みは分かりやすさです。ギフト券や他社ポイントへおおむね1ポイント1円で交換できるため、「100円につき1ポイント」がそのまま約1%を意味し、換算作業が要りません。1,000円につき1ポイントで、実際の価値が交換先次第という他社ポイントに比べ、これは実務上の利点です。代償は「待てないこと」です。オリコポイントは有効期限が比較的短く公表されているため、何に交換するか考えている間に残高が失効しかねません。大きな交換を目指して貯め込むより、少額でもこまめに交換するのが実践的で、無期限プログラムに適した戦略とは逆になります。また、THE POINT UPtyはリボ払い構造のカードである点にも注意してください。残高を繰り越しながら同じポイントを貯めても、手数料がポイントの価値を大きく上回ることがあります。","url":"/ja/points/orico-point-guide","updated":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:epos-points-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:epos-points-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"エポスポイントガイド","plainText":"エポスポイントは200円につき約1ポイント、1ポイント約1円で交換できます。基本還元は控えめで、価値の多くはゴールド昇格とそのボーナス設計にあります。\n丸井系のポイント。1ポイント1円、2年の有効期限、ゴールド昇格で採算が変わる仕組みを解説。\n運営：株式会社エポスカード（丸井グループ）。エポスカード各種で貯まる。\n基本は対象利用200円につき約1ポイントで、1ポイント1円換算で約0.5%。\nポイントは原則として加算日から2年で失効（発行会社の規定による例外あり）。\nゴールドは招待により年会費が永年無料になる経路がある。\nゴールドは選べるポイントアップショップと年間利用ボーナスで実質還元が大きく変わる。\n基本プログラムの仕組み\nエポスポイントは、丸井グループのエポスカードで貯まるポイントです。年会費無料の通常カードの基本付与は対象利用200円につき約1ポイントで、交換時はおおむね1ポイント1円として扱われるため、素の基本還元は0.5%前後になります。提携店やキャンペーンの上乗せはそれぞれの条件によるもので、基本還元とは別枠です。ポイントは原則として加算日から2年で失効し、延長や例外は発行会社の規定によります。楽天のように利用で期限が延びる仕組みではないため、放置した残高は実際に失効の危険があります。\nゴールド昇格で採算が変わる理由\n基本還元だけを見ると、エポスは平凡に見えます。このプログラムの実体は昇格の設計にあります。発行会社の条件を満たした会員はゴールドへの招待を受けることがあり、招待経由の場合、ゴールドの年会費は毎年かかるのではなく永年無料になります。ゴールドではさらに、会員が選ぶポイントアップ対象店と、年間利用額に応じたボーナスという2つの要素が加わり、実質還元率が動きます。日常の家計支出をカードに集約して年間利用額の水準に届く人にとっては、0.5%という表面値よりかなり有利になり、そうでない人には当てはまりません。正直に言えば、エポスは入門カードの基本還元率ではなく、ゴールドに到達して使いこなせるかで価値が決まるプログラムです。なお、招待の有無や時期を当サイトが予測することはできません。判断するのは発行会社であり、招待の受けやすさについて主張はしません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/epos-points-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-expiry","faq:rewards-no-fee-cards"],"products":["product:epos-card","product:epos-gold-card","product:epos-platinum-card"],"guides":["guide:epos-card","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Marui / Epos","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Marui / Epos","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"エポスポイントは200円につき約1ポイント、1ポイント約1円で交換できます。基本還元は控えめで、価値の多くはゴールド昇格とそのボーナス設計にあります。\n丸井系のポイント。1ポイント1円、2年の有効期限、ゴールド昇格で採算が変わる仕組みを解説。\n運営：株式会社エポスカード（丸井グループ）。エポスカード各種で貯まる。\n基本は対象利用200円につき約1ポイントで、1ポイント1円換算で約0.5%。\nポイントは原則として加算日から2年で失効（発行会社の規定による例外あり）。\nゴールドは招待により年会費が永年無料になる経路がある。\nゴールドは選べるポイントアップショップと年間利用ボーナスで実質還元が大きく変わる。\n基本プログラムの仕組み\nエポスポイントは、丸井グループのエポスカードで貯まるポイントです。年会費無料の通常カードの基本付与は対象利用200円につき約1ポイントで、交換時はおおむね1ポイント1円として扱われるため、素の基本還元は0.5%前後になります。提携店やキャンペーンの上乗せはそれぞれの条件によるもので、基本還元とは別枠です。ポイントは原則として加算日から2年で失効し、延長や例外は発行会社の規定によります。楽天のように利用で期限が延びる仕組みではないため、放置した残高は実際に失効の危険があります。\nゴールド昇格で採算が変わる理由\n基本還元だけを見ると、エポスは平凡に見えます。このプログラムの実体は昇格の設計にあります。発行会社の条件を満たした会員はゴールドへの招待を受けることがあり、招待経由の場合、ゴールドの年会費は毎年かかるのではなく永年無料になります。ゴールドではさらに、会員が選ぶポイントアップ対象店と、年間利用額に応じたボーナスという2つの要素が加わり、実質還元率が動きます。日常の家計支出をカードに集約して年間利用額の水準に届く人にとっては、0.5%という表面値よりかなり有利になり、そうでない人には当てはまりません。正直に言えば、エポスは入門カードの基本還元率ではなく、ゴールドに到達して使いこなせるかで価値が決まるプログラムです。なお、招待の有無や時期を当サイトが予測することはできません。判断するのは発行会社であり、招待の受けやすさについて主張はしません。","url":"/ja/points/epos-points-guide","updated":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:membership-rewards-japan-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:membership-rewards-japan-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"メンバーシップ・リワード（日本）ガイド","plainText":"メンバーシップ・リワードはアメックス日本のカードで貯まるポイントで、価値はどの移行提携先を使うかでほぼ決まり、有効期限の扱いはプログラム登録と利用状況によります。\nアメックス日本のポイントプログラム。価値を決めるのはギフト券ではなく移行提携先で、有効期限は登録状況に左右されます。\n運営：アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル（日本）。アメックス日本のカード全般で貯まる。\n価値は交換先で決まり、航空マイルへの移行が支払充当を大きく上回るのが通常。\n有効期限の扱いは単一の固定ルールではなく、プログラム登録と利用状況による。\nとくにANAへの移行は、登録・レート・年間上限の個別条件に従う。\nANA提携のアメックスは、移行を別オプションではなく商品側に組み込んでいる。\n価値を決めるのは移行提携先\nメンバーシップ・リワードは、グリーン・カードからゴールド・プリファード、プラチナ、ANA提携カードまで、アメックス日本のカードの背後にあるポイントプログラムです。1ポイント1円型のプログラムと違い、付与率だけを見てもほとんど意味がありません。同じ残高でも、支払充当なら控えめな金額にしかならず、航空提携先へ移行して本来現金で買っていた座席に充てれば、はるかに大きな価値になります。したがって価値を決めるのは「どの提携先に、どのレートで、どの便に使うか」であり、メンバーシップ・リワードの残高は固定の円換算ではなく、実際に購入する運賃から特典税・サーチャージを引いた額で評価すべきです。加盟店別の付与率、ボーナスプログラム、入会キャンペーンはそれぞれ別条件であり、基本還元に混ぜて考えるべきではありません。\n有効期限・登録・ANAルート\nメンバーシップ・リワードのポイント有効期限の扱いは、単一の固定ルールではありません。加入しているプログラムオプションと口座の利用状況によって変わり、規約も時期により改定されているため、安全な参照先は現行の会員規約だけです。移行についても同様です。有利なレートでANAマイルへ移行するには従来、有料プログラムへの登録が前提とされ、年間の移行上限も設定されてきました。これは、大きな残高を1年でどれだけ実際に使えるかを大きく左右する条件です。ANA提携のアメックスはこの点を別扱いにしており、マイル移行を別オプションではなく商品側に組み込み、ゴールドでは追加費用としてではなく標準で含めています。ダイナース発行のANAカードも同様の上位帯に位置し、独自のポイント規定を持ちます。移行比率の良さでカードを選ぶ前に、現行の登録要件・レート・上限を発行会社の規約で確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/membership-rewards-japan-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-point-value","faq:rewards-premium-card-worth"],"products":["product:amex-jp","product:amex-gold-preferred","product:ana-amex-gold"],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:redeem-points-for-travel","guide:point-value-expiry"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"American Express Japan","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true},{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-13","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"メンバーシップ・リワードはアメックス日本のカードで貯まるポイントで、価値はどの移行提携先を使うかでほぼ決まり、有効期限の扱いはプログラム登録と利用状況によります。\nアメックス日本のポイントプログラム。価値を決めるのはギフト券ではなく移行提携先で、有効期限は登録状況に左右されます。\n運営：アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル（日本）。アメックス日本のカード全般で貯まる。\n価値は交換先で決まり、航空マイルへの移行が支払充当を大きく上回るのが通常。\n有効期限の扱いは単一の固定ルールではなく、プログラム登録と利用状況による。\nとくにANAへの移行は、登録・レート・年間上限の個別条件に従う。\nANA提携のアメックスは、移行を別オプションではなく商品側に組み込んでいる。\n価値を決めるのは移行提携先\nメンバーシップ・リワードは、グリーン・カードからゴールド・プリファード、プラチナ、ANA提携カードまで、アメックス日本のカードの背後にあるポイントプログラムです。1ポイント1円型のプログラムと違い、付与率だけを見てもほとんど意味がありません。同じ残高でも、支払充当なら控えめな金額にしかならず、航空提携先へ移行して本来現金で買っていた座席に充てれば、はるかに大きな価値になります。したがって価値を決めるのは「どの提携先に、どのレートで、どの便に使うか」であり、メンバーシップ・リワードの残高は固定の円換算ではなく、実際に購入する運賃から特典税・サーチャージを引いた額で評価すべきです。加盟店別の付与率、ボーナスプログラム、入会キャンペーンはそれぞれ別条件であり、基本還元に混ぜて考えるべきではありません。\n有効期限・登録・ANAルート\nメンバーシップ・リワードのポイント有効期限の扱いは、単一の固定ルールではありません。加入しているプログラムオプションと口座の利用状況によって変わり、規約も時期により改定されているため、安全な参照先は現行の会員規約だけです。移行についても同様です。有利なレートでANAマイルへ移行するには従来、有料プログラムへの登録が前提とされ、年間の移行上限も設定されてきました。これは、大きな残高を1年でどれだけ実際に使えるかを大きく左右する条件です。ANA提携のアメックスはこの点を別扱いにしており、マイル移行を別オプションではなく商品側に組み込み、ゴールドでは追加費用としてではなく標準で含めています。ダイナース発行のANAカードも同様の上位帯に位置し、独自のポイント規定を持ちます。移行比率の良さでカードを選ぶ前に、現行の登録要件・レート・上限を発行会社の規約で確認してください。","url":"/ja/points/membership-rewards-japan-guide","updated":"2026-08-13"},{"id":"guide:rakuten-card:ja","entityId":"guide:rakuten-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"楽天カード プロフィール","plainText":"楽天カードは年会費無料で100円につき約1楽天ポイント。楽天ユーザーに最強で、経済圏外の人には弱いです。\n楽天経済圏の中心となる年会費無料・1%のカード。\n発行：楽天カード。Visa／Mastercard／JCB／Amex。年会費無料。\n対象の一般利用で基本約1%（100円につき1ポイント）。\n楽天市場のSPUやキャンペーンで加算（別上限・期間限定の扱い）。\n楽天や楽天ペイで約1円、楽天証券のクレカ積立に利用可。\n年会費が0のため損益分岐は即時。\n獲得内容と適合\n楽天カードは年会費無料で、対象利用100円につき通常1楽天ポイント（約1%）が付きます。基本に加えて楽天市場のSPUやキャンペーンでポイントが増えますが、別の上限と期間限定の扱いがあるため、価値評価では割り引きます。ポイントは楽天サイトで約1円、街の店では楽天ペイで使え、楽天証券のクレカ積立にも使えます（率はカードのランクとファンド次第）。強みは統合された経済圏、弱みは価値が実際に楽天で買う人に集中することです。\n2026年8月1日時点で、申込ページは対象の新規JCB申込に最大8,000ポイントを表示し、ネットワークにより内容が異なりました。申込前に必ず現在の条件と日付を読み、入会ポイントは一度きりで恒常的な年間リターンではないと考えましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/rakuten-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:points-which-ecosystem"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:rakuten-points-guide","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"楽天カードは年会費無料で100円につき約1楽天ポイント。楽天ユーザーに最強で、経済圏外の人には弱いです。\n楽天経済圏の中心となる年会費無料・1%のカード。\n発行：楽天カード。Visa／Mastercard／JCB／Amex。年会費無料。\n対象の一般利用で基本約1%（100円につき1ポイント）。\n楽天市場のSPUやキャンペーンで加算（別上限・期間限定の扱い）。\n楽天や楽天ペイで約1円、楽天証券のクレカ積立に利用可。\n年会費が0のため損益分岐は即時。\n獲得内容と適合\n楽天カードは年会費無料で、対象利用100円につき通常1楽天ポイント（約1%）が付きます。基本に加えて楽天市場のSPUやキャンペーンでポイントが増えますが、別の上限と期間限定の扱いがあるため、価値評価では割り引きます。ポイントは楽天サイトで約1円、街の店では楽天ペイで使え、楽天証券のクレカ積立にも使えます（率はカードのランクとファンド次第）。強みは統合された経済圏、弱みは価値が実際に楽天で買う人に集中することです。\n2026年8月1日時点で、申込ページは対象の新規JCB申込に最大8,000ポイントを表示し、ネットワークにより内容が異なりました。申込前に必ず現在の条件と日付を読み、入会ポイントは一度きりで恒常的な年間リターンではないと考えましょう。","url":"/ja/points/rakuten-card","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:smbc-numberless-card:ja","entityId":"guide:smbc-numberless-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"三井住友カード（NL） プロフィール","plainText":"三井住友カード（NL）は年会費無料で通常約0.5%ですが、対象コンビニ・飲食店での対象スマホのタッチ決済は最大7%。物理カードのタッチやiDは対象外です。\n対象コンビニ・飲食店で最大7%になる年会費無料カード。\n発行：三井住友カード。年会費無料。基本は約0.5%（Vポイント）。\n対象コンビニ・飲食店の対象スマホのタッチで最大7%。\n物理カードのタッチやiDは7%の対象外。\nSBI証券のクレカ積立と連携（ランク・利用条件）。\n専門特化では優秀、無区分の0.5%カードとしては平凡。\n7%が適用される場所・されない場所\n三井住友カード（NL）は年会費無料で、通常の基本はVポイントで約0.5%と、無区分の支出には平凡です。価値は対象コンビニ・飲食店の還元にあります。指定チェーンでの対象スマホのタッチ決済や対象モバイルオーダーは最大7%になり得ます。重要なのは方法で、物理カードのタッチやiDは対象外です。7%には基本が含まれるため、別に0.5%を足してはいけません。家族／Oliveの条件で対象率が上がることもあります。2026年7月23日〜9月30日の対象の申込・利用に最大29,000ポイントの一時オファーが告知されました。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/smbc-numberless-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent","faq:rewards-id-vs-touch"],"products":["product:smbc-card-numberless"],"guides":["guide:convenience-store-points","guide:v-points-guide","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/numberless.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/creditmode/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"三井住友カード（NL）は年会費無料で通常約0.5%ですが、対象コンビニ・飲食店での対象スマホのタッチ決済は最大7%。物理カードのタッチやiDは対象外です。\n対象コンビニ・飲食店で最大7%になる年会費無料カード。\n発行：三井住友カード。年会費無料。基本は約0.5%（Vポイント）。\n対象コンビニ・飲食店の対象スマホのタッチで最大7%。\n物理カードのタッチやiDは7%の対象外。\nSBI証券のクレカ積立と連携（ランク・利用条件）。\n専門特化では優秀、無区分の0.5%カードとしては平凡。\n7%が適用される場所・されない場所\n三井住友カード（NL）は年会費無料で、通常の基本はVポイントで約0.5%と、無区分の支出には平凡です。価値は対象コンビニ・飲食店の還元にあります。指定チェーンでの対象スマホのタッチ決済や対象モバイルオーダーは最大7%になり得ます。重要なのは方法で、物理カードのタッチやiDは対象外です。7%には基本が含まれるため、別に0.5%を足してはいけません。家族／Oliveの条件で対象率が上がることもあります。2026年7月23日〜9月30日の対象の申込・利用に最大29,000ポイントの一時オファーが告知されました。","url":"/ja/points/smbc-numberless-card","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:paypay-card:ja","entityId":"guide:paypay-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"PayPayカード プロフィール","plainText":"PayPayカードは年会費無料で基本約1%。PayPay利用者に最も簡単ですが、2026年6月2日以降、ポイントで払った分はPayPayステップの対象外です。\nPayPay経済圏の純正・年会費無料カード。\n発行：PayPayカード。年会費無料。基本約1%。\nYahoo／SoftBank経済圏でPayPayクレジットのチャージ元にもなる。\nPayPayステップやキャンペーンは本人確認・チャージ元・対象次第。\n2026年6月2日以降、ポイントで払った分はステップ対象外。\nPayPayカード ゴールド（11,000円）は年間100万円利用の特典が狙い。\nPayPay利用者に簡単\nPayPayカードは年会費無料で基本約1%、Yahoo／SoftBank経済圏でPayPayクレジットのチャージ元も兼ねるため、PayPayを多用する人に自然なカードです。PayPayステップやキャンペーンで上乗せできますが、本人確認・チャージ元・取引の対象性に依存します。2026年6月2日以降、PayPayポイントで払った分はステップの対象外のため、ポイント払いにステップボーナスが付くと考えないでください。PayPayカード ゴールド（年11,000円）は、1ポイント1円換算で名目上年会費を相殺する年間100万円利用特典が狙いです（機会費用・除外は別）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/paypay-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-paypay-points-step"],"products":["product:paypay-card"],"guides":["guide:paypay-points-guide","guide:paypay-app-guide","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Card Corporation","url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"PayPayカードは年会費無料で基本約1%。PayPay利用者に最も簡単ですが、2026年6月2日以降、ポイントで払った分はPayPayステップの対象外です。\nPayPay経済圏の純正・年会費無料カード。\n発行：PayPayカード。年会費無料。基本約1%。\nYahoo／SoftBank経済圏でPayPayクレジットのチャージ元にもなる。\nPayPayステップやキャンペーンは本人確認・チャージ元・対象次第。\n2026年6月2日以降、ポイントで払った分はステップ対象外。\nPayPayカード ゴールド（11,000円）は年間100万円利用の特典が狙い。\nPayPay利用者に簡単\nPayPayカードは年会費無料で基本約1%、Yahoo／SoftBank経済圏でPayPayクレジットのチャージ元も兼ねるため、PayPayを多用する人に自然なカードです。PayPayステップやキャンペーンで上乗せできますが、本人確認・チャージ元・取引の対象性に依存します。2026年6月2日以降、PayPayポイントで払った分はステップの対象外のため、ポイント払いにステップボーナスが付くと考えないでください。PayPayカード ゴールド（年11,000円）は、1ポイント1円換算で名目上年会費を相殺する年間100万円利用特典が狙いです（機会費用・除外は別）。","url":"/ja/points/paypay-card","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:d-card:ja","entityId":"guide:d-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"dカード・dカード GOLD プロフィール","plainText":"年会費無料のdカードはdポイントで約1%。dカード GOLD（11,000円）は主に対象のドコモ利用が高い人向けで、10%相当の還元が年会費を上回り得ます。\n年会費無料のdポイントカードと、ゴールドが得になる条件。\n発行：NTTドコモ。dカードは年会費無料・基本約1%。GOLDは11,000円。\n対象時、d払いへのチャージでウォレット0.5%＋0.5%。\nGOLD：対象のドコモ携帯・ひかり料金は10%相当。\n2026年9月1日以降、d払いのチャージボーナスは用途限定ポイントに。\nGOLDは対象のドコモ利用が十分高い人だけが得。\n無料の基本とゴールドのしきい値\n年会費無料のdカードはdポイントで通常約1%で、dポイント利用者に分かりやすい選択です。対象のdカードでd払いにチャージすると、ウォレットの0.5%に0.5%が加わります。除外される支払いを確認し、2026年9月1日以降、d払いへのチャージボーナスは通常ポイントではなく期間・用途限定ポイントで付与される予定である点に注意してください。dカード GOLD（年11,000円）は対象のドコモ利用が高い人に最適で、対象のドコモ携帯・ドコモ光の料金は、税抜1,000円単位で10%相当の還元、加えて最大1万円相当の年間100万円利用特典が得られます。1%カードに対する概算の損益分岐は、完全対象の年間税抜料金で約122,223円ですが、端数・除外・上限が影響します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/d-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-dcard-gold-worth","faq:rewards-dbarai-rate"],"products":["product:d-card"],"guides":["guide:d-point-club-guide","guide:d-barai-guide","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"年会費無料のdカードはdポイントで約1%。dカード GOLD（11,000円）は主に対象のドコモ利用が高い人向けで、10%相当の還元が年会費を上回り得ます。\n年会費無料のdポイントカードと、ゴールドが得になる条件。\n発行：NTTドコモ。dカードは年会費無料・基本約1%。GOLDは11,000円。\n対象時、d払いへのチャージでウォレット0.5%＋0.5%。\nGOLD：対象のドコモ携帯・ひかり料金は10%相当。\n2026年9月1日以降、d払いのチャージボーナスは用途限定ポイントに。\nGOLDは対象のドコモ利用が十分高い人だけが得。\n無料の基本とゴールドのしきい値\n年会費無料のdカードはdポイントで通常約1%で、dポイント利用者に分かりやすい選択です。対象のdカードでd払いにチャージすると、ウォレットの0.5%に0.5%が加わります。除外される支払いを確認し、2026年9月1日以降、d払いへのチャージボーナスは通常ポイントではなく期間・用途限定ポイントで付与される予定である点に注意してください。dカード GOLD（年11,000円）は対象のドコモ利用が高い人に最適で、対象のドコモ携帯・ドコモ光の料金は、税抜1,000円単位で10%相当の還元、加えて最大1万円相当の年間100万円利用特典が得られます。1%カードに対する概算の損益分岐は、完全対象の年間税抜料金で約122,223円ですが、端数・除外・上限が影響します。","url":"/ja/points/d-card","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:au-pay-card:ja","entityId":"guide:au-pay-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"au PAYカード・ゴールド プロフィール","plainText":"年会費無料のau PAYカードはPontaで約1%。au PAYゴールドカード（11,000円）は対象のau PAYオートチャージで最大5%＋携帯特典ですが、高還元は上限・条件付きです。\n年会費無料のPontaカードと、ゴールドの上限付き高還元。\n発行：au Financial Service。au PAYカードは無料・Pontaで約1%。\nau PAYゴールド（11,000円）：対象オートチャージ最大5%（上限あり）。\neSmart証券のクレカ積立：標準約0.5%、ゴールド約1%（月間上限）。\nPonta／auユーザーに良い無料カード。\n上限付きオートチャージボーナスを年会費と直接比較。\n無料のPontaカードとゴールドの上限\nau PAYカードは年会費無料で、対象利用はPontaで約1%と、Ponta・auユーザーに良い無料カードです。au PAYゴールドカード（年11,000円）は、対象のau PAYオートチャージで最大5%＋ウォレットの通常0.5%（条件・月間上限あり）を得られ、対象の携帯特典も加わります。表示の高還元は上限・条件付きのため、オートチャージボーナスの上限を年会費と直接比べましょう。クレカ積立は、eSmart証券で標準カードが通常0.5%、ゴールドが1%（月間上限まで）です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/au-pay-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-au-gold-worth","faq:rewards-ponta-jal"],"products":["product:au-pay-card"],"guides":["guide:ponta-points-guide","guide:au-pay-guide","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Financial Service","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"KDDI","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"年会費無料のau PAYカードはPontaで約1%。au PAYゴールドカード（11,000円）は対象のau PAYオートチャージで最大5%＋携帯特典ですが、高還元は上限・条件付きです。\n年会費無料のPontaカードと、ゴールドの上限付き高還元。\n発行：au Financial Service。au PAYカードは無料・Pontaで約1%。\nau PAYゴールド（11,000円）：対象オートチャージ最大5%（上限あり）。\neSmart証券のクレカ積立：標準約0.5%、ゴールド約1%（月間上限）。\nPonta／auユーザーに良い無料カード。\n上限付きオートチャージボーナスを年会費と直接比較。\n無料のPontaカードとゴールドの上限\nau PAYカードは年会費無料で、対象利用はPontaで約1%と、Ponta・auユーザーに良い無料カードです。au PAYゴールドカード（年11,000円）は、対象のau PAYオートチャージで最大5%＋ウォレットの通常0.5%（条件・月間上限あり）を得られ、対象の携帯特典も加わります。表示の高還元は上限・条件付きのため、オートチャージボーナスの上限を年会費と直接比べましょう。クレカ積立は、eSmart証券で標準カードが通常0.5%、ゴールドが1%（月間上限まで）です。","url":"/ja/points/au-pay-card","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:jcb-card-w:ja","entityId":"guide:jcb-card-w","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB カード W プロフィール","plainText":"JCB カード Wは年会費無料で、2026年1月導入のJ-POINT体系で基本約1%。申込は原則18〜39歳ですが、39歳以降も無料が続きます。\n18〜39歳向けの、強い年会費無料の汎用カード。\n発行：JCB。年会費無料。J-POINT（2026年1月〜）で基本約1%相当。\n申込は原則18〜39歳。以降も無料が継続。\n対象のJ-POINT提携先は基本以上に貯まる。\n対応端末でQUICPay・Apple Pay・Google Walletに対応。\n旅行するならJCBの海外受け入れを考慮。\n対象者に強い無料カード\nJCB カード Wは年会費無料で、2026年1月導入のJ-POINT体系で基本約1%相当、対象のJ-POINT提携先ではそれ以上に貯まります。申込は原則18〜39歳ですが、39歳以降も無料が続くため、対象のうちに申し込めばカードを確保できます。対応端末でQUICPay・Apple Pay・Google Walletに対応します。主な検討点は、初回の年齢制限と、一部の国でVisa／Mastercardより狭いJCBの海外受け入れです。現在のページは、申込・利用条件付きで最大24,000ポイントの一時オファーを告知していました。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/jcb-card-w","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-young-applicant-card"],"products":["product:jcb-card-w"],"guides":["guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JCB","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcbcardw.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"JCB カード Wは年会費無料で、2026年1月導入のJ-POINT体系で基本約1%。申込は原則18〜39歳ですが、39歳以降も無料が続きます。\n18〜39歳向けの、強い年会費無料の汎用カード。\n発行：JCB。年会費無料。J-POINT（2026年1月〜）で基本約1%相当。\n申込は原則18〜39歳。以降も無料が継続。\n対象のJ-POINT提携先は基本以上に貯まる。\n対応端末でQUICPay・Apple Pay・Google Walletに対応。\n旅行するならJCBの海外受け入れを考慮。\n対象者に強い無料カード\nJCB カード Wは年会費無料で、2026年1月導入のJ-POINT体系で基本約1%相当、対象のJ-POINT提携先ではそれ以上に貯まります。申込は原則18〜39歳ですが、39歳以降も無料が続くため、対象のうちに申し込めばカードを確保できます。対応端末でQUICPay・Apple Pay・Google Walletに対応します。主な検討点は、初回の年齢制限と、一部の国でVisa／Mastercardより狭いJCBの海外受け入れです。現在のページは、申込・利用条件付きで最大24,000ポイントの一時オファーを告知していました。","url":"/ja/points/jcb-card-w","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:epos-card:ja","entityId":"guide:epos-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"エポスカード プロフィール","plainText":"エポスカードは年会費無料で約0.5%（200円につき1ポイント）。通常ポイントは原則2年で失効しますが延長でき、エポスゴールドは無料招待や年会費無料条件の達成で魅力的になります。\n入手しやすい年会費無料のサブカードと、ゴールドへの招待。\n発行：丸井／エポス（Visa）。年会費無料。基本約0.5%（200円につき1ポイント）。\n店舗・旅行ポータルのボーナスは様々。手軽なサブカード。\n通常ポイントは原則2年で失効するが延長可能。\nエポスゴールド：年間利用や招待で年会費が無料に。\nカード履歴を作る居住者に手が届きやすいとされる。\n手が届きやすいサブカード\nエポスカードは年会費無料で、200円につき1エポスポイント（ボーナス前で通常約0.5%）が付き、店舗や旅行ポータルのボーナスは様々です。手軽な無料のサブカードで、カード履歴を作る居住者に手が届きやすいとされます。通常ポイントは原則2年で失効しますが、利用で延長できます。エポスゴールドは、無料招待や自然な年会費無料条件の達成後に魅力的です。年間ボーナスは利用に応じて上限まで増え、翌年以降は対象の年間利用で無料になり得ますが、特典を使わず年会費を払うなら魅力は薄いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/epos-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-foreign-first-card"],"products":["product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:foreign-resident-rewards","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Marui / Epos","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"エポスカードは年会費無料で約0.5%（200円につき1ポイント）。通常ポイントは原則2年で失効しますが延長でき、エポスゴールドは無料招待や年会費無料条件の達成で魅力的になります。\n入手しやすい年会費無料のサブカードと、ゴールドへの招待。\n発行：丸井／エポス（Visa）。年会費無料。基本約0.5%（200円につき1ポイント）。\n店舗・旅行ポータルのボーナスは様々。手軽なサブカード。\n通常ポイントは原則2年で失効するが延長可能。\nエポスゴールド：年間利用や招待で年会費が無料に。\nカード履歴を作る居住者に手が届きやすいとされる。\n手が届きやすいサブカード\nエポスカードは年会費無料で、200円につき1エポスポイント（ボーナス前で通常約0.5%）が付き、店舗や旅行ポータルのボーナスは様々です。手軽な無料のサブカードで、カード履歴を作る居住者に手が届きやすいとされます。通常ポイントは原則2年で失効しますが、利用で延長できます。エポスゴールドは、無料招待や自然な年会費無料条件の達成後に魅力的です。年間ボーナスは利用に応じて上限まで増え、翌年以降は対象の年間利用で無料になり得ますが、特典を使わず年会費を払うなら魅力は薄いです。","url":"/ja/points/epos-card","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:view-card-standard:ja","entityId":"guide:view-card-standard","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ビューカード プロフィール（JR東日本）","plainText":"ビューカード（524円）は基本約0.5%ですが、モバイルSuicaチャージで1.5%。追加1%分で年会費を回収するには年間約52,400円のSuicaチャージが必要です。\nモバイルSuicaチャージで1.5%を得るJR東日本のカード。\n発行：JR東日本。年会費524円。基本約0.5%。\nモバイルSuicaチャージで1.5%。JRE乗車ポイントと重なる。\n対象のモバイルSuica定期券・グリーン車で5%。\n損益分岐：追加1%分の回収に年間約52,400円のチャージ。\nJR東日本・モバイルSuicaを頻繁に使う人に最適。\n交通特化カード\nビューカード（スタンダード）は年会費524円で通常の基本は約0.5%ですが、モバイルSuicaチャージは1.5%、対象のモバイルSuica定期券やグリーン車は5%になり得ます。登録済みモバイルSuicaをビューカードでチャージすると、1.5%のチャージ還元とJRE乗車ポイントが重なり、対象のJR東日本の移動資金で名目3.5%になります。0.5%の無料カードと比べ、追加1%分だけで524円の年会費を回収するには年間約52,400円の1.5%対象チャージが必要なため、JR東日本・モバイルSuicaを頻繁に使う人だけに価値があります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/view-card-standard","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-view-card-worth","faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate"],"products":["product:view-card-standard"],"guides":["guide:jre-point-guide","guide:train-commuter-rewards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"ビューカード（524円）は基本約0.5%ですが、モバイルSuicaチャージで1.5%。追加1%分で年会費を回収するには年間約52,400円のSuicaチャージが必要です。\nモバイルSuicaチャージで1.5%を得るJR東日本のカード。\n発行：JR東日本。年会費524円。基本約0.5%。\nモバイルSuicaチャージで1.5%。JRE乗車ポイントと重なる。\n対象のモバイルSuica定期券・グリーン車で5%。\n損益分岐：追加1%分の回収に年間約52,400円のチャージ。\nJR東日本・モバイルSuicaを頻繁に使う人に最適。\n交通特化カード\nビューカード（スタンダード）は年会費524円で通常の基本は約0.5%ですが、モバイルSuicaチャージは1.5%、対象のモバイルSuica定期券やグリーン車は5%になり得ます。登録済みモバイルSuicaをビューカードでチャージすると、1.5%のチャージ還元とJRE乗車ポイントが重なり、対象のJR東日本の移動資金で名目3.5%になります。0.5%の無料カードと比べ、追加1%分だけで524円の年会費を回収するには年間約52,400円の1.5%対象チャージが必要なため、JR東日本・モバイルSuicaを頻繁に使う人だけに価値があります。","url":"/ja/points/view-card-standard","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:bic-camera-suica-card:ja","entityId":"guide:bic-camera-suica-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ビックカメラSuicaカード プロフィール","plainText":"ビックカメラSuicaカードは初年度無料、以降は年1回以上の対象利用で無料。ビックカメラのポイントとSuica／JRE POINT機能を結びます。\nビックカメラのポイントとSuica・JRE機能を結ぶハイブリッドカード。\n発行：JR東日本／ビックカメラのハイブリッド。初年度無料。\n以降は年1回以上の対象利用で年会費無料。\nビックカメラのポイントとSuica・JRE POINT機能を結ぶ。\nビックカメラで買い、JR東日本を使う人に有用。\n家電の現金価格やポイント減額の決済方法を比較。\n家電・交通のハイブリッド\nビックカメラSuicaカードは初年度無料で、以降の年会費は年1回以上の対象利用で無料になります。ビックカメラのポイントとSuica・JRE POINT機能を結び、ビックカメラで買い物しつつJR東日本を使う人に有用なハイブリッドです。家電カード全般と同様、最終現金価格やポイント減額の決済方法を比較しましょう。店ポイント率は商品や決済方法で異なるため、表面的な%だけでは判断できません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/bic-camera-suica-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:electronics-store-points","guide:jre-point-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"ビックカメラSuicaカードは初年度無料、以降は年1回以上の対象利用で無料。ビックカメラのポイントとSuica／JRE POINT機能を結びます。\nビックカメラのポイントとSuica・JRE機能を結ぶハイブリッドカード。\n発行：JR東日本／ビックカメラのハイブリッド。初年度無料。\n以降は年1回以上の対象利用で年会費無料。\nビックカメラのポイントとSuica・JRE POINT機能を結ぶ。\nビックカメラで買い、JR東日本を使う人に有用。\n家電の現金価格やポイント減額の決済方法を比較。\n家電・交通のハイブリッド\nビックカメラSuicaカードは初年度無料で、以降の年会費は年1回以上の対象利用で無料になります。ビックカメラのポイントとSuica・JRE POINT機能を結び、ビックカメラで買い物しつつJR東日本を使う人に有用なハイブリッドです。家電カード全般と同様、最終現金価格やポイント減額の決済方法を比較しましょう。店ポイント率は商品や決済方法で異なるため、表面的な%だけでは判断できません。","url":"/ja/points/bic-camera-suica-card","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:aeon-card:ja","entityId":"guide:aeon-card","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"イオンカード プロフィール","plainText":"イオンカードは年会費無料でWAON POINT（基本約0.5%）が貯まり、イオングループの「Wポイント」の日は2倍。イオンを定期利用する人に最強です。\nポイント2倍の会員日があるイオングループ向けの年会費無料カード。\n発行：イオンフィナンシャル（Visa／Mastercard／JCB）。標準は年会費無料。\n基本は約0.5%（WAON POINT。旧ときめきポイント）。\nイオングループ店の指定日にポイント2倍。\n主にイオン利用で価値。ゴールドは年会費・無料条件あり。\n申込は原則居住者、日本語。\nイオンの会員日向け\nイオンカードは標準版が年会費無料で、WAON POINTを約0.5%で貯め、指定の「Wポイント」の日はイオングループ店でポイント2倍になります。食料品の購入頻度を考えると、これは汎用カード間の小さな差より重要になり得ます。価値はイオン利用に集中します。ゴールド版は対象の年間利用で無料になり得る年会費があり、旅行保険を加えます。外国人の申込は通常日本語のみのため、イオン・マックスバリュなどグループ店を定期的に使う居住者に向きます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/aeon-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-supermarket-best"],"products":["product:aeon-card-select"],"guides":["guide:waon-point-guide","guide:supermarket-points"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/ct/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"イオンカードは年会費無料でWAON POINT（基本約0.5%）が貯まり、イオングループの「Wポイント」の日は2倍。イオンを定期利用する人に最強です。\nポイント2倍の会員日があるイオングループ向けの年会費無料カード。\n発行：イオンフィナンシャル（Visa／Mastercard／JCB）。標準は年会費無料。\n基本は約0.5%（WAON POINT。旧ときめきポイント）。\nイオングループ店の指定日にポイント2倍。\n主にイオン利用で価値。ゴールドは年会費・無料条件あり。\n申込は原則居住者、日本語。\nイオンの会員日向け\nイオンカードは標準版が年会費無料で、WAON POINTを約0.5%で貯め、指定の「Wポイント」の日はイオングループ店でポイント2倍になります。食料品の購入頻度を考えると、これは汎用カード間の小さな差より重要になり得ます。価値はイオン利用に集中します。ゴールド版は対象の年間利用で無料になり得る年会費があり、旅行保険を加えます。外国人の申込は通常日本語のみのため、イオン・マックスバリュなどグループ店を定期的に使う居住者に向きます。","url":"/ja/points/aeon-card","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:saison-gold-amex:ja","entityId":"guide:saison-gold-amex","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"セゾンゴールド・アメリカン・エキスプレス プロフィール","plainText":"セゾンゴールド・アメックスは初年度無料で、以降の11,000円は年1回以上の利用で無料になり得ます。セゾン永久不滅ポイントは失効しないのが特徴です。\n失効しないセゾン永久不滅ポイントと利用ベースの年会費無料を持つ低メンテのゴールド。\n発行：クレディセゾン。現行では初年度無料。\n以降の11,000円は年1回以上の利用で無料になり得る。\nセゾン永久不滅ポイントは失効しない（日本のプログラムでは珍しい）。\nセゾンのキャンペーン・旅行・提携特典を加える。\n利用ベースの無料条件が使えるとき低メンテ。\n失効しないポイントと利用ベースの無料\nセゾンゴールド・アメックスは現行の商品構成で初年度無料、以降の11,000円は年1回以上の利用で無料になり得る、低メンテの構成です。際立つ特徴は、失効しないセゾン永久不滅ポイントで、日本のプログラムでは珍しく、ゆっくり貯める人に有用です。セゾンのキャンペーン・旅行・提携特典を加え、モバイルウォレットに対応します。いつも通り、旅行特典を評価する前に現在の保険ガイドを確認し、使わない特典のために年会費を払わないようにしましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/saison-gold-amex","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-permanent-points"],"products":["product:saison-gold-premium"],"guides":["guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"セゾンゴールド・アメックスは初年度無料で、以降の11,000円は年1回以上の利用で無料になり得ます。セゾン永久不滅ポイントは失効しないのが特徴です。\n失効しないセゾン永久不滅ポイントと利用ベースの年会費無料を持つ低メンテのゴールド。\n発行：クレディセゾン。現行では初年度無料。\n以降の11,000円は年1回以上の利用で無料になり得る。\nセゾン永久不滅ポイントは失効しない（日本のプログラムでは珍しい）。\nセゾンのキャンペーン・旅行・提携特典を加える。\n利用ベースの無料条件が使えるとき低メンテ。\n失効しないポイントと利用ベースの無料\nセゾンゴールド・アメックスは現行の商品構成で初年度無料、以降の11,000円は年1回以上の利用で無料になり得る、低メンテの構成です。際立つ特徴は、失効しないセゾン永久不滅ポイントで、日本のプログラムでは珍しく、ゆっくり貯める人に有用です。セゾンのキャンペーン・旅行・提携特典を加え、モバイルウォレットに対応します。いつも通り、旅行特典を評価する前に現在の保険ガイドを確認し、使わない特典のために年会費を払わないようにしましょう。","url":"/ja/points/saison-gold-amex","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:paypay-app-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:paypay-app-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"PayPayアプリ ガイド","plainText":"日本の認証とeKYCで設定し、銀行・ATM現金・PayPayカードでチャージ、約1,000万店でQR決済。通常ポイントは無期限ですが、送金・出金はPayPayマネーのみ可能です。\n日本の主要QRウォレットの初期設定・チャージ・獲得・送金・出金・セキュリティ。\nチャージ：銀行振込（無料）・ATM現金・PayPayカード。手段で残高種別が決まる。\n獲得はPayPayステップ次第。2026年6月2日以降は本人確認が必要。\nポイントで払った分はステップ対象外。\nPayPayマネーは送金・出金可、ポイントとマネーライトは不可。\nマイコード受取は2026年6月17日以降、本人確認が必要。\n設定とチャージ\nPayPayはアプリで日本の携帯認証により登録し、利用額が大きいとeKYCの本人確認が必要です。チャージ手段には銀行振込（無料）・ATM現金・キャリアチャージ・PayPayカードがあり、手段によって残高がPayPayマネーかマネーライトかが決まります。外国カードのチャージは限定的で、PayPayは外国カードの汎用的な回避策ではなく、対応カードの登録や3Dセキュアの規則が適用されます。ATMや対象外カードのチャージは通常ポイントが付かないため、ポイントが欲しいならアプリの対象ルートを使いましょう。\n獲得・送金・セキュリティ\n基本の獲得はPayPayステップ次第で、2026年6月2日以降は本人確認が必要です。PayPayポイントで払った分はステップの対象外です。PayPayは約1,000万店で使え、請求書払い（特典の扱いは異なる）や個人間送金に対応します。送金・出金はPayPayマネーのみ可能で、ポイントとマネーライトはできません。送金はカード決済ではなく取消の権利が弱く、PayPayは利用者が始めた送受金を補償対象外としているため、相手を確認しましょう。セキュリティは生体認証／PINでロックし、紛失時は端末をロックし、資格情報を停止し、取引を確認します。SMSコードやPINを電話の相手に伝えないこと。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/paypay-app-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-paypay-charge-points","faq:rewards-paypay-points-step","faq:rewards-no-expiry"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:paypay-points-guide","guide:paypay-card","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Card Corporation","url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"日本の認証とeKYCで設定し、銀行・ATM現金・PayPayカードでチャージ、約1,000万店でQR決済。通常ポイントは無期限ですが、送金・出金はPayPayマネーのみ可能です。\n日本の主要QRウォレットの初期設定・チャージ・獲得・送金・出金・セキュリティ。\nチャージ：銀行振込（無料）・ATM現金・PayPayカード。手段で残高種別が決まる。\n獲得はPayPayステップ次第。2026年6月2日以降は本人確認が必要。\nポイントで払った分はステップ対象外。\nPayPayマネーは送金・出金可、ポイントとマネーライトは不可。\nマイコード受取は2026年6月17日以降、本人確認が必要。\n設定とチャージ\nPayPayはアプリで日本の携帯認証により登録し、利用額が大きいとeKYCの本人確認が必要です。チャージ手段には銀行振込（無料）・ATM現金・キャリアチャージ・PayPayカードがあり、手段によって残高がPayPayマネーかマネーライトかが決まります。外国カードのチャージは限定的で、PayPayは外国カードの汎用的な回避策ではなく、対応カードの登録や3Dセキュアの規則が適用されます。ATMや対象外カードのチャージは通常ポイントが付かないため、ポイントが欲しいならアプリの対象ルートを使いましょう。\n獲得・送金・セキュリティ\n基本の獲得はPayPayステップ次第で、2026年6月2日以降は本人確認が必要です。PayPayポイントで払った分はステップの対象外です。PayPayは約1,000万店で使え、請求書払い（特典の扱いは異なる）や個人間送金に対応します。送金・出金はPayPayマネーのみ可能で、ポイントとマネーライトはできません。送金はカード決済ではなく取消の権利が弱く、PayPayは利用者が始めた送受金を補償対象外としているため、相手を確認しましょう。セキュリティは生体認証／PINでロックし、紛失時は端末をロックし、資格情報を停止し、取引を確認します。SMSコードやPINを電話の相手に伝えないこと。","url":"/ja/points/paypay-app-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rakuten-pay-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:rakuten-pay-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"楽天ペイ アプリ ガイド","plainText":"楽天ペイは楽天アカウントに紐づき、対象の楽天ポイントカード提示と対象の楽天キャッシュ払いの条件を満たすと最大2.5%。告知されていた2026年3月1日の変更は延期されました。\n楽天ペイのポイント獲得、最大2.5%の重ね取り、そして延期された2026年3月の変更。\n楽天アカウントが必要。楽天カードを連携して獲得。\n対象の楽天ポイントカード提示＋対象の楽天キャッシュ払いで最大2.5%。\n対象のポイントカード提示がないと最大値は下がる。\n2026年3月1日の変更案は延期。古いガイドは陳腐化。\nPayPayより加盟店は少ないが楽天ポイントと統合。\n設定と獲得\n楽天ペイは楽天アカウントに紐づくQR決済です。楽天カード（推奨）を連携し、楽天キャッシュや対応の登録手段でチャージできます（3Dセキュアやカード読み取りが必要なことがあります）。現行プログラムは、対象の楽天ポイントカードを提示し、対象の楽天キャッシュ払いの条件を満たすと最大2.5%を掲げます。対象のポイントカード提示がないと最大値は下がります。ポイントカードの率は店により異なり、対象外の店や決済手段では率が下がります。\n延期された変更と比較\n2026年3月1日の変更案は延期されたため、それが発効した前提のガイドは陳腐化しています。率に頼る前にアプリで現在の条件を確認しましょう。楽天キャッシュの送受金は現行手順でアプリ内対応、請求書払いも対応します（一部の請求はポイント利用不可）。PayPayと比べ、楽天ペイは加盟店が少ないものの楽天ポイントと密に統合するため、ポイントカード提示と決済を組み合わせられる楽天ユーザーに最も強いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/rakuten-pay-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-rakuten-pay-change","faq:rewards-rakuten-pay-max"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:rakuten-points-guide","guide:rakuten-card","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Payment","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"楽天ペイは楽天アカウントに紐づき、対象の楽天ポイントカード提示と対象の楽天キャッシュ払いの条件を満たすと最大2.5%。告知されていた2026年3月1日の変更は延期されました。\n楽天ペイのポイント獲得、最大2.5%の重ね取り、そして延期された2026年3月の変更。\n楽天アカウントが必要。楽天カードを連携して獲得。\n対象の楽天ポイントカード提示＋対象の楽天キャッシュ払いで最大2.5%。\n対象のポイントカード提示がないと最大値は下がる。\n2026年3月1日の変更案は延期。古いガイドは陳腐化。\nPayPayより加盟店は少ないが楽天ポイントと統合。\n設定と獲得\n楽天ペイは楽天アカウントに紐づくQR決済です。楽天カード（推奨）を連携し、楽天キャッシュや対応の登録手段でチャージできます（3Dセキュアやカード読み取りが必要なことがあります）。現行プログラムは、対象の楽天ポイントカードを提示し、対象の楽天キャッシュ払いの条件を満たすと最大2.5%を掲げます。対象のポイントカード提示がないと最大値は下がります。ポイントカードの率は店により異なり、対象外の店や決済手段では率が下がります。\n延期された変更と比較\n2026年3月1日の変更案は延期されたため、それが発効した前提のガイドは陳腐化しています。率に頼る前にアプリで現在の条件を確認しましょう。楽天キャッシュの送受金は現行手順でアプリ内対応、請求書払いも対応します（一部の請求はポイント利用不可）。PayPayと比べ、楽天ペイは加盟店が少ないものの楽天ポイントと密に統合するため、ポイントカード提示と決済を組み合わせられる楽天ユーザーに最も強いです。","url":"/ja/points/rakuten-pay-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:d-barai-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:d-barai-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"d払い ガイド","plainText":"d払いは約0.5%のdポイント、対象のdカードチャージで約1%。他社カードのチャージは通常のd払いポイント対象外で、2026年9月1日以降、dカードのチャージボーナスは用途限定ポイントになります。\nドコモのQRウォレットと0.5%／1%の獲得、2026年9月のチャージボーナス変更。\ndアカウント（非ドコモも可）とスマホが必要。\n基本約0.5%、対象のdカードチャージで0.5%加わり店ポイント前で約1%。\n他社カードのチャージは通常のd払いポイント対象外。\n2026年9月1日以降、dカードのチャージボーナスは用途限定ポイントに。\nローソン・ファミマなどdポイントと同じ店で使える。\n設定・獲得・2026年9月の変更\nd払いはドコモのQR決済です。dアカウント（非ドコモの顧客でも作れます）とスマホが必要で、クレジットカードや銀行などのチャージ元を連携します。基本の獲得は約0.5%のdポイント、対象のdカードでチャージすると0.5%加わり、店ポイント前で約1%になります。重要なのは、他社カードのチャージは通常のd払いポイントの対象外である点で、連携したどのカードでもウォレット特典が付くと考えないでください。ローソン・ファミマなどdポイントと同じ店で使えます。2026年9月1日以降、dカードのチャージボーナスは通常ポイントではなく期間・用途限定ポイントで付与される予定のため、頼る前に現在の扱いを確認しましょう。dポイント・ドコモのユーザー、できればdカードを連携している人に最適です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/d-barai-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-dbarai-rate","faq:rewards-dbarai-other-card"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:d-point-club-guide","guide:d-card","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"d払いは約0.5%のdポイント、対象のdカードチャージで約1%。他社カードのチャージは通常のd払いポイント対象外で、2026年9月1日以降、dカードのチャージボーナスは用途限定ポイントになります。\nドコモのQRウォレットと0.5%／1%の獲得、2026年9月のチャージボーナス変更。\ndアカウント（非ドコモも可）とスマホが必要。\n基本約0.5%、対象のdカードチャージで0.5%加わり店ポイント前で約1%。\n他社カードのチャージは通常のd払いポイント対象外。\n2026年9月1日以降、dカードのチャージボーナスは用途限定ポイントに。\nローソン・ファミマなどdポイントと同じ店で使える。\n設定・獲得・2026年9月の変更\nd払いはドコモのQR決済です。dアカウント（非ドコモの顧客でも作れます）とスマホが必要で、クレジットカードや銀行などのチャージ元を連携します。基本の獲得は約0.5%のdポイント、対象のdカードでチャージすると0.5%加わり、店ポイント前で約1%になります。重要なのは、他社カードのチャージは通常のd払いポイントの対象外である点で、連携したどのカードでもウォレット特典が付くと考えないでください。ローソン・ファミマなどdポイントと同じ店で使えます。2026年9月1日以降、dカードのチャージボーナスは通常ポイントではなく期間・用途限定ポイントで付与される予定のため、頼る前に現在の扱いを確認しましょう。dポイント・ドコモのユーザー、できればdカードを連携している人に最適です。","url":"/ja/points/d-barai-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:au-pay-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:au-pay-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"au PAY ガイド","plainText":"au PAYは通常利用で約0.5%のPonta（ゴールドのオートチャージは上限付きで最大5%）。対象のau PAYマネーはauじぶん銀行で無料、他行は220円で出金できます。\nKDDIのQRウォレット、Pontaの獲得、出金ルール。\nau IDで設定。銀行・現金・対応カード・au PAYカードでチャージ。\n通常利用で約0.5%のPonta、ゴールドのオートチャージは最大5%（上限あり）。\n対象のau PAYマネーは送金・出金可。\nauじぶん銀行は無料、他行は約220円（1回上限10万円）。\nローソン・ファミマなど多くの店で使える。\n獲得・チャージ・出金\nau PAYはKDDIのQR決済で、au IDで設定し、銀行口座・現金・対応カード・キャリア経路・au PAYカードでチャージします（チャージ可否はカード発行会社や口座状態で異なります）。通常のau PAY利用は約0.5%のPontaを得て、ゴールドのオートチャージは条件と月間上限の下で最大5%を加えられます。対象のau PAYマネーは送金・出金でき、auじぶん銀行は現行条件で無料、他行は通常1回220円で、1回の上限は10万円です。請求・税の支払いは指定の場合に対応しますが、特典の対象性は別に確認が必要です。Ponta・au・UQのユーザーに最適です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/au-pay-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-aupay-withdraw","faq:rewards-ponta-jal"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ponta-points-guide","guide:au-pay-card","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"KDDI","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Financial Service","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"au PAYは通常利用で約0.5%のPonta（ゴールドのオートチャージは上限付きで最大5%）。対象のau PAYマネーはauじぶん銀行で無料、他行は220円で出金できます。\nKDDIのQRウォレット、Pontaの獲得、出金ルール。\nau IDで設定。銀行・現金・対応カード・au PAYカードでチャージ。\n通常利用で約0.5%のPonta、ゴールドのオートチャージは最大5%（上限あり）。\n対象のau PAYマネーは送金・出金可。\nauじぶん銀行は無料、他行は約220円（1回上限10万円）。\nローソン・ファミマなど多くの店で使える。\n獲得・チャージ・出金\nau PAYはKDDIのQR決済で、au IDで設定し、銀行口座・現金・対応カード・キャリア経路・au PAYカードでチャージします（チャージ可否はカード発行会社や口座状態で異なります）。通常のau PAY利用は約0.5%のPontaを得て、ゴールドのオートチャージは条件と月間上限の下で最大5%を加えられます。対象のau PAYマネーは送金・出金でき、auじぶん銀行は現行条件で無料、他行は通常1回220円で、1回の上限は10万円です。請求・税の支払いは指定の場合に対応しますが、特典の対象性は別に確認が必要です。Ponta・au・UQのユーザーに最適です。","url":"/ja/points/au-pay-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:merpay-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:merpay-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"メルペイ ガイド","plainText":"メルペイはメルカリの売上残高や連携カードで払います。特典は主にキャンペーン／メルカード次第で、本人確認により送金口座に近づき、銀行チャージが可能になり、売上金の180日期限がなくなります。\nメルカリの売上残高を使うメルペイと、本人確認で出金期限がなくなる理由。\nメルカリ口座に紐づく。売上残高や後払い商品で払う。\n特典率は主にキャンペーンとメルカード次第。\n本人確認で銀行チャージが可能になり、売上金の期限がなくなる。\n未確認だとメルカリの売上金は180日の出金・申請期限がある。\nメルカリを活発に使う人向けで、汎用ポイントアプリではない。\n残高・本人確認・適合\nメルペイはメルカリ口座に紐づく決済アプリです。売上の残高、本人確認後にチャージした金額、メルペイの後払い商品で払い、特典率は汎用的な高い基本ではなく主にキャンペーンとメルカード次第です。本人確認が要で、機能を送金口座に近づけ、銀行チャージを可能にし、売上金の出金期限をなくします。未確認だとメルカリの売上金は180日の出金・申請期限があり、確認済み残高は送金できる一方、未確認の付与ポイントは上限が低いです。メルペイはメルカリを活発に使う人に最適で、汎用ポイントアプリではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/merpay-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-merpay-send"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Merpay","url":"https://www.merpay.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"メルペイはメルカリの売上残高や連携カードで払います。特典は主にキャンペーン／メルカード次第で、本人確認により送金口座に近づき、銀行チャージが可能になり、売上金の180日期限がなくなります。\nメルカリの売上残高を使うメルペイと、本人確認で出金期限がなくなる理由。\nメルカリ口座に紐づく。売上残高や後払い商品で払う。\n特典率は主にキャンペーンとメルカード次第。\n本人確認で銀行チャージが可能になり、売上金の期限がなくなる。\n未確認だとメルカリの売上金は180日の出金・申請期限がある。\nメルカリを活発に使う人向けで、汎用ポイントアプリではない。\n残高・本人確認・適合\nメルペイはメルカリ口座に紐づく決済アプリです。売上の残高、本人確認後にチャージした金額、メルペイの後払い商品で払い、特典率は汎用的な高い基本ではなく主にキャンペーンとメルカード次第です。本人確認が要で、機能を送金口座に近づけ、銀行チャージを可能にし、売上金の出金期限をなくします。未確認だとメルカリの売上金は180日の出金・申請期限があり、確認済み残高は送金できる一方、未確認の付与ポイントは上限が低いです。メルペイはメルカリを活発に使う人に最適で、汎用ポイントアプリではありません。","url":"/ja/points/merpay-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:apple-google-pay-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:apple-google-pay-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のApple PayとGoogleウォレット","plainText":"Apple PayとGoogleウォレットは対応カードや日本の電子マネー（Suica・PASMO・WAON・nanacoなど）を保存しますが、特典を生みません。特典は元のカードや交通プログラムが決めます。\n各ウォレットが保存するもの、対応する日本の電子マネー、そして元のカードが特典を決める理由。\nApple PayはSuica・PASMO・iD・QUICPay・WAON・nanaco・クレカに対応。\nGoogleウォレットはSuica・PASMO・楽天Edy・WAON・nanaco・QUICPayに対応。\nどちらも汎用の追加特典は生まない。元のカードが決める。\n他市場向けの端末は日本のハードウェア対応を欠くことがある。\n紛失対策：端末ロック・探す機能・発行会社での停止。\n各ウォレットの対応と特典の仕組み\nApple Payは対応のApple端末で発行会社のカードや日本の交通系・電子マネーを保存し、カードや商品に応じて非接触ネットワーク・iD・QUICPay・Suica・PASMO・WAON・nanacoで処理します。Googleウォレットは対応のAndroid端末で日本の発行会社カードや電子マネーに対応し、公式にはSuica・PASMO・楽天Edy・WAON・nanaco（チャージ規則は商品で異なる）に加えQUICPay・iD・非接触に対応します。重要なのは、どちらのウォレットも汎用の追加特典を生まないことです。特典は元のカードや交通プログラムが決め、店のカテゴリによっては正確なApple Payの経路が必要です。他市場向けに買った端末は必要な日本のハードウェア（FeliCa）対応を欠くことがあります。紛失時は端末ロック・探す機能・発行会社での停止を使います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/apple-google-pay-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-apple-pay-points","faq:rewards-google-wallet-emoney"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:id-quicpay-guide","guide:emoney-payment-guide","guide:mobile-suica-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Apple","url":"https://support.apple.com/ja-jp/apple-pay","official":true},{"publisher":"Google","url":"https://support.google.com/wallet/answer/12058983","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Apple PayとGoogleウォレットは対応カードや日本の電子マネー（Suica・PASMO・WAON・nanacoなど）を保存しますが、特典を生みません。特典は元のカードや交通プログラムが決めます。\n各ウォレットが保存するもの、対応する日本の電子マネー、そして元のカードが特典を決める理由。\nApple PayはSuica・PASMO・iD・QUICPay・WAON・nanaco・クレカに対応。\nGoogleウォレットはSuica・PASMO・楽天Edy・WAON・nanaco・QUICPayに対応。\nどちらも汎用の追加特典は生まない。元のカードが決める。\n他市場向けの端末は日本のハードウェア対応を欠くことがある。\n紛失対策：端末ロック・探す機能・発行会社での停止。\n各ウォレットの対応と特典の仕組み\nApple Payは対応のApple端末で発行会社のカードや日本の交通系・電子マネーを保存し、カードや商品に応じて非接触ネットワーク・iD・QUICPay・Suica・PASMO・WAON・nanacoで処理します。Googleウォレットは対応のAndroid端末で日本の発行会社カードや電子マネーに対応し、公式にはSuica・PASMO・楽天Edy・WAON・nanaco（チャージ規則は商品で異なる）に加えQUICPay・iD・非接触に対応します。重要なのは、どちらのウォレットも汎用の追加特典を生まないことです。特典は元のカードや交通プログラムが決め、店のカテゴリによっては正確なApple Payの経路が必要です。他市場向けに買った端末は必要な日本のハードウェア（FeliCa）対応を欠くことがあります。紛失時は端末ロック・探す機能・発行会社での停止を使います。","url":"/ja/points/apple-google-pay-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:id-quicpay-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:id-quicpay-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"iDとQUICPayの解説","plainText":"iDとQUICPayはクレジットカードに紐づく非接触決済で、独自のポイント率はありません。特典は紐づくカードのプログラムが供給し、ボーナス区分ではVisa／Mastercard／JCBのタッチと同一には扱われません。\nこれらの非接触決済の正体と、キャンペーンで別扱いになり得る理由。\niDとQUICPayはクレジットカードに紐づくトークンサービス。\niD／QUICPay端末で即時の非接触決済ができる。\n独自のポイント率はなく、紐づくカードのプログラムが特典を決める。\nボーナス区分でVisa／Mastercard／JCBのタッチと同一には扱われない。\nどの資格情報で請求されるかを常に確認。\n決済の“レール”であってポイントではない\niDとQUICPayは非接触決済のレールで、クレジット（またはデビット／プリペイド）カードに紐づくトークンサービスです。iDやQUICPayのロゴがある端末で使い、少額はサインやPINが不要です。どちらも独自のポイント率はなく、特典は紐づくカードのプログラムを通じて付きます。重要なのは、ボーナス区分でVisa／Mastercard／JCBの非接触（タッチ）と同一には扱われないことです。ネットワークのタッチやカード番号の取引を要するキャンペーンはiDやQUICPayを除外することがあり、三井住友カードの対象店7%の経路はiDを除外します。Apple Payは多くのカードをQUICPayやiD経由にでき、Googleウォレットの非接触対応は一部端末で狭いです。区分ボーナスが適用されると考える前に、実際にどの資格情報で請求されるかを必ず確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/id-quicpay-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-id-vs-touch","faq:rewards-apple-pay-points"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:apple-google-pay-guide","guide:smbc-numberless-card"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Apple","url":"https://support.apple.com/ja-jp/apple-pay","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"iDとQUICPayはクレジットカードに紐づく非接触決済で、独自のポイント率はありません。特典は紐づくカードのプログラムが供給し、ボーナス区分ではVisa／Mastercard／JCBのタッチと同一には扱われません。\nこれらの非接触決済の正体と、キャンペーンで別扱いになり得る理由。\niDとQUICPayはクレジットカードに紐づくトークンサービス。\niD／QUICPay端末で即時の非接触決済ができる。\n独自のポイント率はなく、紐づくカードのプログラムが特典を決める。\nボーナス区分でVisa／Mastercard／JCBのタッチと同一には扱われない。\nどの資格情報で請求されるかを常に確認。\n決済の“レール”であってポイントではない\niDとQUICPayは非接触決済のレールで、クレジット（またはデビット／プリペイド）カードに紐づくトークンサービスです。iDやQUICPayのロゴがある端末で使い、少額はサインやPINが不要です。どちらも独自のポイント率はなく、特典は紐づくカードのプログラムを通じて付きます。重要なのは、ボーナス区分でVisa／Mastercard／JCBの非接触（タッチ）と同一には扱われないことです。ネットワークのタッチやカード番号の取引を要するキャンペーンはiDやQUICPayを除外することがあり、三井住友カードの対象店7%の経路はiDを除外します。Apple Payは多くのカードをQUICPayやiD経由にでき、Googleウォレットの非接触対応は一部端末で狭いです。区分ボーナスが適用されると考える前に、実際にどの資格情報で請求されるかを必ず確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/points/id-quicpay-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:emoney-payment-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:emoney-payment-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"その他の電子マネー：WAON・nanaco・Suica","plainText":"Suica／PASMOは主に交通系電子マネーで特典は限定的、WAON（イオン／ミニストップ）とnanaco（セブン＆アイ）は独自ポイントが貯まる閉じた前払い残高です。任意のカードでのチャージがカードポイント対象とは限りません。\n前払いの電子マネーとロイヤリティポイントの違いと、それぞれの獲得場所。\nSuica／PASMO：主に交通。加盟店は広いが基本還元は限定的。\nWAONはイオングループや加盟店でWAON POINTが貯まる。\nnanacoはセブン＆アイで貯まり、貯めたポイントは電子マネーに交換。\nいずれも主に閉じた前払い残高。\n任意のカードでの電子マネーチャージがカードポイント対象とは限らない。\n前払い残高とロイヤリティポイント\nSuicaとPASMOは交通優先の電子マネーで加盟店は広いものの基本還元は限定的です。特典はチャージ元のカード、JR東日本なら登録済みモバイルSuicaの乗車ポイントから来ます。WAON電子マネーは会員登録すればイオングループや加盟店でWAON POINTが貯まり、モバイルSuicaはApple Payに追加できます。nanaco電子マネーはセブン＆アイでポイントが貯まり、貯めたnanacoポイントは電子マネーに交換できます。共通の規律は、これらが主に閉じた前払い残高であり、任意のカードでチャージしてもそのカードのポイントが必ず付くとは限らないことです。対象のチャージ手段だけが条件を満たします。古い資料では「WAON電子マネーのポイント」と「WAON POINT」を混同していますが、両者は別物です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/emoney-payment-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-emoney-card-points","faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:waon-point-guide","guide:nanaco-points-guide","guide:mobile-suica-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"Suica／PASMOは主に交通系電子マネーで特典は限定的、WAON（イオン／ミニストップ）とnanaco（セブン＆アイ）は独自ポイントが貯まる閉じた前払い残高です。任意のカードでのチャージがカードポイント対象とは限りません。\n前払いの電子マネーとロイヤリティポイントの違いと、それぞれの獲得場所。\nSuica／PASMO：主に交通。加盟店は広いが基本還元は限定的。\nWAONはイオングループや加盟店でWAON POINTが貯まる。\nnanacoはセブン＆アイで貯まり、貯めたポイントは電子マネーに交換。\nいずれも主に閉じた前払い残高。\n任意のカードでの電子マネーチャージがカードポイント対象とは限らない。\n前払い残高とロイヤリティポイント\nSuicaとPASMOは交通優先の電子マネーで加盟店は広いものの基本還元は限定的です。特典はチャージ元のカード、JR東日本なら登録済みモバイルSuicaの乗車ポイントから来ます。WAON電子マネーは会員登録すればイオングループや加盟店でWAON POINTが貯まり、モバイルSuicaはApple Payに追加できます。nanaco電子マネーはセブン＆アイでポイントが貯まり、貯めたnanacoポイントは電子マネーに交換できます。共通の規律は、これらが主に閉じた前払い残高であり、任意のカードでチャージしてもそのカードのポイントが必ず付くとは限らないことです。対象のチャージ手段だけが条件を満たします。古い資料では「WAON電子マネーのポイント」と「WAON POINT」を混同していますが、両者は別物です。","url":"/ja/points/emoney-payment-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mobile-suica-guide:ja","entityId":"guide:mobile-suica-guide","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"モバイルSuica ガイド","plainText":"登録済みモバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）、ビューカードのチャージで1.5%。海外発行カードのチャージは不安定なことがあります。\n乗車でJRE POINT、ビューカードチャージで1.5%を得るモバイルSuica。\n登録済みモバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）。\nビューカードのチャージで1.5%、名目3.5%の重ね取り。\nアプリやモバイルウォレットで追加。カード別の特典対象は異なる。\n海外発行カードのチャージは不安定。確実な戦略ではない。\n端末移行・復旧はモバイルSuicaと端末ウォレットで行う。\n乗車・チャージ・持ち運び\nモバイルSuicaはアプリやモバイルウォレットで、対応の日本のカードや多くの対象カードとともに使えますが、カード別の特典対象は異なります。登録済みモバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）を得て、ビューカードでチャージすると1.5%加わるため、ビューでチャージした登録モバイルSuicaは対象移動で名目3.5%を重ねられます。全交通機能と広いSuica加盟店利用も得られます。海外発行カードのチャージは不安定で確実な手段ではないため、居住者は日本のカードと組み合わせることが多いです。口座復旧や端末移行はモバイルSuicaと端末ウォレットで行います。JR東日本の通勤者や、iPhone・対応Androidを使う多くの旅行者・居住者に最適です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/mobile-suica-guide","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-suica-register","faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate","faq:rewards-view-card-worth"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:jre-point-guide","guide:view-card-standard","guide:train-commuter-rewards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"Apple","url":"https://support.apple.com/ja-jp/apple-pay","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"登録済みモバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）、ビューカードのチャージで1.5%。海外発行カードのチャージは不安定なことがあります。\n乗車でJRE POINT、ビューカードチャージで1.5%を得るモバイルSuica。\n登録済みモバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）。\nビューカードのチャージで1.5%、名目3.5%の重ね取り。\nアプリやモバイルウォレットで追加。カード別の特典対象は異なる。\n海外発行カードのチャージは不安定。確実な戦略ではない。\n端末移行・復旧はモバイルSuicaと端末ウォレットで行う。\n乗車・チャージ・持ち運び\nモバイルSuicaはアプリやモバイルウォレットで、対応の日本のカードや多くの対象カードとともに使えますが、カード別の特典対象は異なります。登録済みモバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）を得て、ビューカードでチャージすると1.5%加わるため、ビューでチャージした登録モバイルSuicaは対象移動で名目3.5%を重ねられます。全交通機能と広いSuica加盟店利用も得られます。海外発行カードのチャージは不安定で確実な手段ではないため、居住者は日本のカードと組み合わせることが多いです。口座復旧や端末移行はモバイルSuicaと端末ウォレットで行います。JR東日本の通勤者や、iPhone・対応Androidを使う多くの旅行者・居住者に最適です。","url":"/ja/points/mobile-suica-guide","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ana-mileage-club:ja","entityId":"guide:ana-mileage-club","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANAマイレージクラブ ガイド","plainText":"ANAマイルはフライト・提携カード・買い物で貯まり、原則として積算から36か月目末に失効し、固定の現金価値はありません。実際に買う運賃から特典税を引いて評価しましょう。\nANAマイルの貯め方・使い方・価値評価と、特典チャートが変わる理由。\nANA便・提携カード・ホテル／レンタカー・モール等で貯まる。\nマイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効。\n国際片道特典はゾーン・季節・クラスにより6,000マイルから。\nANAは2026年5月19日発効で国内特典ルールを改定。\nスターアライアンス。規定に基づき家族特典利用者の登録が可能。\n獲得と上級会員\nANAマイレージクラブのマイルは、ANA便（クラス別ボーナス付き）・提携カード（ANAカードで100円につき1マイルが一般的）・ホテル・レンタカー・モール、加えて提携プログラムからの移行で貯まります。上級会員（ダイヤモンド／プラチナ／ブロンズ）はプレミアムポイントで別に判定され、これは利用を測り、優先サービス・ラウンジ・アップグレードを与えるもので、使えるマイルではありません。マイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効するため、ゆっくり貯まる残高は時々使う必要があります。\nマイルの利用と価値評価\nマイルは特典航空券（ゾーン・季節・クラス別）・ANA SKY コイン・買い物に交換できます。国際片道特典はゾーン・季節・クラスにより6,000マイルから始まり得ますが、ANAは2026年5月19日発効で国内特典ルールを改定したため、古いチャートは危険です。固定の現金価値はなく、正しい評価は特典税・サーチャージ・放棄した利点を引きます。（比較可能な現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイルです。5万マイルと2万円の税が必要な10万円の旅程なら1マイル1.60円です。数字を膨らませる高い変更可能運賃ではなく、実際に買う運賃を使いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/ana-mileage-club","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-ana-expiry","faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","faq:rewards-mile-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:ana-vs-jal","guide:mile-value-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"ANAマイルはフライト・提携カード・買い物で貯まり、原則として積算から36か月目末に失効し、固定の現金価値はありません。実際に買う運賃から特典税を引いて評価しましょう。\nANAマイルの貯め方・使い方・価値評価と、特典チャートが変わる理由。\nANA便・提携カード・ホテル／レンタカー・モール等で貯まる。\nマイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効。\n国際片道特典はゾーン・季節・クラスにより6,000マイルから。\nANAは2026年5月19日発効で国内特典ルールを改定。\nスターアライアンス。規定に基づき家族特典利用者の登録が可能。\n獲得と上級会員\nANAマイレージクラブのマイルは、ANA便（クラス別ボーナス付き）・提携カード（ANAカードで100円につき1マイルが一般的）・ホテル・レンタカー・モール、加えて提携プログラムからの移行で貯まります。上級会員（ダイヤモンド／プラチナ／ブロンズ）はプレミアムポイントで別に判定され、これは利用を測り、優先サービス・ラウンジ・アップグレードを与えるもので、使えるマイルではありません。マイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効するため、ゆっくり貯まる残高は時々使う必要があります。\nマイルの利用と価値評価\nマイルは特典航空券（ゾーン・季節・クラス別）・ANA SKY コイン・買い物に交換できます。国際片道特典はゾーン・季節・クラスにより6,000マイルから始まり得ますが、ANAは2026年5月19日発効で国内特典ルールを改定したため、古いチャートは危険です。固定の現金価値はなく、正しい評価は特典税・サーチャージ・放棄した利点を引きます。（比較可能な現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイルです。5万マイルと2万円の税が必要な10万円の旅程なら1マイル1.60円です。数字を膨らませる高い変更可能運賃ではなく、実際に買う運賃を使いましょう。","url":"/ja/points/ana-mileage-club","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:jal-mileage-bank:ja","entityId":"guide:jal-mileage-bank","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JALマイレージバンク ガイド","plainText":"JALマイルはフライト・カード・提携で貯まり、原則として積算から36か月目末に失効し、基本の特典価格＋JMB PLUS（低価格の在庫がないと必要マイルが上がる）を使います。\nJALマイルの貯め方・使い方と、JMB PLUSのダイナミック価格の仕組み。\nJMB入会は無料。フライト・JALカード（100円につき約1マイル）・提携で獲得。\nマイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効。\n国内特典は基本価格＋JMB PLUS（低在庫がないとき）。\n2026年10月1日以降発券分は改定の対象。\nワンワールド。PontaはPonta 2で1マイル。\n獲得・JMB PLUS・価値評価\nJALマイレージバンクは入会無料で、フライト（ゾーン制）・JALカード（100円につき約1マイルが一般的）・ホテル・免税店・提携で貯まります。PontaはPonta 2で1マイル、JCBのOki Dokiポイントも交換できます。マイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効します。国内特典は基本価格＋JMB PLUS（低価格の特典在庫がないとき必要マイルを基本より上げる仕組み）を使い、2026年10月1日以降発券分は改定の対象のため、古いチャートは危険です。ANAと同様、固定の2円ではなく、実際に買う運賃から特典税・サーチャージを引いて評価しましょう。上級（クリスタル／サファイア／ダイヤモンド）は別に判定され、サービス特典を与えます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/jal-mileage-bank","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-jal-expiry","faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","faq:rewards-jal-plus"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:ana-vs-jal","guide:ponta-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"JALマイルはフライト・カード・提携で貯まり、原則として積算から36か月目末に失効し、基本の特典価格＋JMB PLUS（低価格の在庫がないと必要マイルが上がる）を使います。\nJALマイルの貯め方・使い方と、JMB PLUSのダイナミック価格の仕組み。\nJMB入会は無料。フライト・JALカード（100円につき約1マイル）・提携で獲得。\nマイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効。\n国内特典は基本価格＋JMB PLUS（低在庫がないとき）。\n2026年10月1日以降発券分は改定の対象。\nワンワールド。PontaはPonta 2で1マイル。\n獲得・JMB PLUS・価値評価\nJALマイレージバンクは入会無料で、フライト（ゾーン制）・JALカード（100円につき約1マイルが一般的）・ホテル・免税店・提携で貯まります。PontaはPonta 2で1マイル、JCBのOki Dokiポイントも交換できます。マイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効します。国内特典は基本価格＋JMB PLUS（低価格の特典在庫がないとき必要マイルを基本より上げる仕組み）を使い、2026年10月1日以降発券分は改定の対象のため、古いチャートは危険です。ANAと同様、固定の2円ではなく、実際に買う運賃から特典税・サーチャージを引いて評価しましょう。上級（クリスタル／サファイア／ダイヤモンド）は別に判定され、サービス特典を与えます。","url":"/ja/points/jal-mileage-bank","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ana-vs-jal:ja","entityId":"guide:ana-vs-jal","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANAとJALのプログラム比較","plainText":"どちらもマイルは積算から約36か月で失効。ANAはスターアライアンス、JALはワンワールドで、あなたの実際の路線・拠点空港・提携特典在庫に合うほうが良く、万人向けの勝者はいません。\n獲得・交換・アライアンスの比較と、どちらも万人向けではない理由。\nどちらも原則、積算から36か月目末に失効。\nANAはスターアライアンス、JALはワンワールド。路線と提携で選ぶ。\nANAは2026年5月19日から国内特典ルールを改定。\nJALはJMB PLUSのダイナミック価格。2026年10月1日以降発券分は変更。\n価値は表面的な1マイル単価でなく、現実的な特典の空席次第。\n違いと選び方\nANAとJALは基本では似ています。マイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効し、どちらも規定の続柄・口座ルールの下で家族の仕組みを提供します。決定的な違いはアライアンスと構造です。ANAはスターアライアンスで、2026年5月19日発効の改定国内特典ルールを持ちます。JALはワンワールドで、基本価格＋JMB PLUSのダイナミック価格を使い、2026年10月1日以降発券分は変更されます。提携カードも異なります（ANAは複数ネットワーク、JALはJCB寄りが多い）。\n実際の旅行で選びましょう。あなたの路線・拠点空港・提携特典在庫を実際に使えるほうです。どちらも万人向けに優れてはおらず、「1マイル2円」という見出しは事実ではありません。現実的に予約する具体的な特典に対して各プログラムを評価してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/ana-vs-jal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","faq:rewards-mile-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:mile-value-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"どちらもマイルは積算から約36か月で失効。ANAはスターアライアンス、JALはワンワールドで、あなたの実際の路線・拠点空港・提携特典在庫に合うほうが良く、万人向けの勝者はいません。\n獲得・交換・アライアンスの比較と、どちらも万人向けではない理由。\nどちらも原則、積算から36か月目末に失効。\nANAはスターアライアンス、JALはワンワールド。路線と提携で選ぶ。\nANAは2026年5月19日から国内特典ルールを改定。\nJALはJMB PLUSのダイナミック価格。2026年10月1日以降発券分は変更。\n価値は表面的な1マイル単価でなく、現実的な特典の空席次第。\n違いと選び方\nANAとJALは基本では似ています。マイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効し、どちらも規定の続柄・口座ルールの下で家族の仕組みを提供します。決定的な違いはアライアンスと構造です。ANAはスターアライアンスで、2026年5月19日発効の改定国内特典ルールを持ちます。JALはワンワールドで、基本価格＋JMB PLUSのダイナミック価格を使い、2026年10月1日以降発券分は変更されます。提携カードも異なります（ANAは複数ネットワーク、JALはJCB寄りが多い）。\n実際の旅行で選びましょう。あなたの路線・拠点空港・提携特典在庫を実際に使えるほうです。どちらも万人向けに優れてはおらず、「1マイル2円」という見出しは事実ではありません。現実的に予約する具体的な特典に対して各プログラムを評価してください。","url":"/ja/points/ana-vs-jal","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:hotel-travel-rewards:ja","entityId":"guide:hotel-travel-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のホテルロイヤリティと旅行特典","plainText":"国際チェーン（Marriott Bonvoy・Hilton・IHG・Hyatt）は交換可能な旅行価値に強く、One Harmonyのような国内系は日本での再訪に実用的です。実際に払う現金価格から手数料を引いて評価しましょう。\n国際系と国内系のホテルプログラム、そしてホテルポイントを正直に評価する方法。\nMarriott Bonvoyは対象1米ドルにつき基本約10ポイント。24か月利用がないと失効。\nOne Harmony（オークラ ニッコー、ホテルJALシティ）は無料・段階制で、利用後2年延長。\n国際系は交換可能な旅行価値、国内系は単純な宿泊数特典に強い。\nホテルポイントは実際に払う現金価格からリゾート料・税を引いて評価。\n提携旅行カードは1〜2%＋マイルを加えるが、特典は個別に評価。\n国際系と国内系のプログラム\n日本で活発な主要国際チェーン（Marriott Bonvoy・Hilton Honors・IHG One Rewards・World of Hyatt）は交換可能な旅行価値に強いです。Marriott Bonvoyは多くのブランドで対象1米ドルにつき基本10ポイント（ブランドにより例外）を付与し、ポイントは対象の利用が24か月ないと失効するため、時々の利用が重要ですが、ポイント延長のためだけに不要な宿泊を買うのはめったに効率的ではありません。国内系は日本での再訪に実用的です。One Harmonyはオークラ ニッコー ホテルズ、ホテルJALシティ等を対象に、入会無料・段階制で、対象の利用後に通常2年延長します。プリンス（西武）・APA・東横インも国内プログラムを運営します。\nホテルポイントと旅行カードの評価\n国際ホテルのポイント評価は、リゾート料・税・5泊目特典・朝食やラウンジ・特典の空席・旅行者が実際に払う現金価格を織り込むべきです。単純なスタンプや宿泊数の国内プログラムは、頻繁な低価格宿泊では交換可能ポイントを上回ることがあります。旅行カード（ANAカード・JALカード）は1〜2%＋マイルを加えますが、ラウンジ・保険・ホテル特典・家族カードといった特典は個別に、実際に使う場合だけ評価しましょう。いつも通り、名目ポイントは現実的に交換できる価値しかありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/hotel-travel-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-marriott-expiry","faq:rewards-one-harmony"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:domestic-traveler-rewards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Marriott International","url":"https://www.marriott.com/loyalty.mi","official":true},{"publisher":"Okura Nikko Hotels","url":"https://www.oneharmony.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"国際チェーン（Marriott Bonvoy・Hilton・IHG・Hyatt）は交換可能な旅行価値に強く、One Harmonyのような国内系は日本での再訪に実用的です。実際に払う現金価格から手数料を引いて評価しましょう。\n国際系と国内系のホテルプログラム、そしてホテルポイントを正直に評価する方法。\nMarriott Bonvoyは対象1米ドルにつき基本約10ポイント。24か月利用がないと失効。\nOne Harmony（オークラ ニッコー、ホテルJALシティ）は無料・段階制で、利用後2年延長。\n国際系は交換可能な旅行価値、国内系は単純な宿泊数特典に強い。\nホテルポイントは実際に払う現金価格からリゾート料・税を引いて評価。\n提携旅行カードは1〜2%＋マイルを加えるが、特典は個別に評価。\n国際系と国内系のプログラム\n日本で活発な主要国際チェーン（Marriott Bonvoy・Hilton Honors・IHG One Rewards・World of Hyatt）は交換可能な旅行価値に強いです。Marriott Bonvoyは多くのブランドで対象1米ドルにつき基本10ポイント（ブランドにより例外）を付与し、ポイントは対象の利用が24か月ないと失効するため、時々の利用が重要ですが、ポイント延長のためだけに不要な宿泊を買うのはめったに効率的ではありません。国内系は日本での再訪に実用的です。One Harmonyはオークラ ニッコー ホテルズ、ホテルJALシティ等を対象に、入会無料・段階制で、対象の利用後に通常2年延長します。プリンス（西武）・APA・東横インも国内プログラムを運営します。\nホテルポイントと旅行カードの評価\n国際ホテルのポイント評価は、リゾート料・税・5泊目特典・朝食やラウンジ・特典の空席・旅行者が実際に払う現金価格を織り込むべきです。単純なスタンプや宿泊数の国内プログラムは、頻繁な低価格宿泊では交換可能ポイントを上回ることがあります。旅行カード（ANAカード・JALカード）は1〜2%＋マイルを加えますが、ラウンジ・保険・ホテル特典・家族カードといった特典は個別に、実際に使う場合だけ評価しましょう。いつも通り、名目ポイントは現実的に交換できる価値しかありません。","url":"/ja/points/hotel-travel-rewards","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:stacking-credit-qr-store:ja","entityId":"guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"二重・三重取り：クレカ＋QR＋店ポイント","plainText":"店のポイントコードを提示し、還元のあるカードやQRウォレットで払えば、各層が別々に貯まります。各層を検証し、同じ基本を含む2つの率を足さないこと。\n1回の買い物でカード・ウォレット・店のポイントを正当に取る方法と、避けるべき誤った重ね取り。\n三重取り＝店のポイント＋決済方法のポイント＋対象キャンペーン。\n各層は、その決済手段で個別に対象である必要がある。\n例：ローソンのdポイントカード＋dカードでチャージしたd払い＋店ポイント。\n基本0.5%を、それを含むカテゴリ率に上乗せしない。\nウォレットがカードをチャージ元にできても、そのチャージが対象とは限らない。\n正当な重ね取りの仕組み\n重ね取りとは、同じ買い物から複数の正当な特典を受け取ることで、通常は店のポイント（ポイントカードやアプリの提示）に決済方法のポイント（使ったカードやQRウォレット）が加わり、時にエントリー済みキャンペーンも重なります。ローソンではdポイントカードを提示し、対象のdカードでチャージしたd払いで払えば、店のdポイントに加えウォレットとカードの層で約1%を得られます。重要なルールは、各層がその決済手段で個別に対象である必要があることです。店がポイント層に参加している必要があり、他社カードでチャージしたd払いは通常のd払いポイントを得ません。\nよくある誤った重ね取り\n重ね取りに見えても、現在の明確な確認なしに数えてはいけない組み合わせがあります。あらゆる前払い・QRチャージへのカード還元、対象外カードでチャージした残高へのウォレット還元、7%が既に基本を含むのに7%＋基本0.5%を足すこと、カードが使えるというだけで税・請求・電子マネーチャージ・投資・現金同等取引に還元があるとみなすこと、古いブログのカード→電子マネーの「ループ」などです。ウォレットがカードをチャージ元にできることは、発行会社がそのチャージにポイントを付けることを意味しません。各層を取引日に検証しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/stacking-credit-qr-store","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-stacking","faq:rewards-dpoint-dbarai","faq:rewards-avoid-double-count"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ecommerce-stacking","guide:convenience-store-points","guide:reward-stacking-checker"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Payment","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"店のポイントコードを提示し、還元のあるカードやQRウォレットで払えば、各層が別々に貯まります。各層を検証し、同じ基本を含む2つの率を足さないこと。\n1回の買い物でカード・ウォレット・店のポイントを正当に取る方法と、避けるべき誤った重ね取り。\n三重取り＝店のポイント＋決済方法のポイント＋対象キャンペーン。\n各層は、その決済手段で個別に対象である必要がある。\n例：ローソンのdポイントカード＋dカードでチャージしたd払い＋店ポイント。\n基本0.5%を、それを含むカテゴリ率に上乗せしない。\nウォレットがカードをチャージ元にできても、そのチャージが対象とは限らない。\n正当な重ね取りの仕組み\n重ね取りとは、同じ買い物から複数の正当な特典を受け取ることで、通常は店のポイント（ポイントカードやアプリの提示）に決済方法のポイント（使ったカードやQRウォレット）が加わり、時にエントリー済みキャンペーンも重なります。ローソンではdポイントカードを提示し、対象のdカードでチャージしたd払いで払えば、店のdポイントに加えウォレットとカードの層で約1%を得られます。重要なルールは、各層がその決済手段で個別に対象である必要があることです。店がポイント層に参加している必要があり、他社カードでチャージしたd払いは通常のd払いポイントを得ません。\nよくある誤った重ね取り\n重ね取りに見えても、現在の明確な確認なしに数えてはいけない組み合わせがあります。あらゆる前払い・QRチャージへのカード還元、対象外カードでチャージした残高へのウォレット還元、7%が既に基本を含むのに7%＋基本0.5%を足すこと、カードが使えるというだけで税・請求・電子マネーチャージ・投資・現金同等取引に還元があるとみなすこと、古いブログのカード→電子マネーの「ループ」などです。ウォレットがカードをチャージ元にできることは、発行会社がそのチャージにポイントを付けることを意味しません。各層を取引日に検証しましょう。","url":"/ja/points/stacking-credit-qr-store","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:ecommerce-stacking:ja","entityId":"guide:ecommerce-stacking","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"EC＋カード＋キャンペーンの重ね取り","plainText":"楽天市場では基本ポイント・カード系SPU・エントリー済みキャンペーンを重ねられますが、エントリー・税抜計算・上限・期間限定失効が要素ごとに異なります。商品の支払総額で必ず比較を。\nモールの基本ポイント・SPU・エントリー済みキャンペーンの組み合わせと、最終価格で比較する理由。\n楽天市場：基本ポイント＋楽天カードSPU＋エントリー済みキャンペーン（大きな倍率まで）。\nYahoo!ショッピング：PayPayポイント＋PayPayカード＋週次クーポン。\nエントリーが必要なことが多く、いくつかの要素は期間限定ポイント。\n楽天のキャンペーンは通常クーポン値引き後にポイントを計算。\n商品の支払総額（クーポン・送料・ポイント後）で比較。\nモールの層を組み合わせる\nモールの重ね取りは、基本の市場ポイント・カード系SPU・対象の一時キャンペーンポイントを組み合わせます。楽天市場では、楽天カードで基本約1%、SPUはグループサービスを使うほど加算し、お買い物マラソンや大型キャンペーンでさらに増えますが、エントリー・税抜計算・上限・出荷時期・期間限定失効が要素ごとに異なり、いくつかのSPU・キャンペーン分は期間限定ポイントです。Yahoo!ショッピングではPayPayポイントがPayPayカードや週次クーポンと組み合わさります。楽天のキャンペーンは通常クーポン値引き後にポイントを計算し、上限も低いことが多いため、確実な比較はモール横断での商品の支払総額（クーポン・送料・現実的に評価したポイント後）だけです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/ecommerce-stacking","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-rakuten-spu","faq:rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:ecommerce-points-programs"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"楽天市場では基本ポイント・カード系SPU・エントリー済みキャンペーンを重ねられますが、エントリー・税抜計算・上限・期間限定失効が要素ごとに異なります。商品の支払総額で必ず比較を。\nモールの基本ポイント・SPU・エントリー済みキャンペーンの組み合わせと、最終価格で比較する理由。\n楽天市場：基本ポイント＋楽天カードSPU＋エントリー済みキャンペーン（大きな倍率まで）。\nYahoo!ショッピング：PayPayポイント＋PayPayカード＋週次クーポン。\nエントリーが必要なことが多く、いくつかの要素は期間限定ポイント。\n楽天のキャンペーンは通常クーポン値引き後にポイントを計算。\n商品の支払総額（クーポン・送料・ポイント後）で比較。\nモールの層を組み合わせる\nモールの重ね取りは、基本の市場ポイント・カード系SPU・対象の一時キャンペーンポイントを組み合わせます。楽天市場では、楽天カードで基本約1%、SPUはグループサービスを使うほど加算し、お買い物マラソンや大型キャンペーンでさらに増えますが、エントリー・税抜計算・上限・出荷時期・期間限定失効が要素ごとに異なり、いくつかのSPU・キャンペーン分は期間限定ポイントです。Yahoo!ショッピングではPayPayポイントがPayPayカードや週次クーポンと組み合わさります。楽天のキャンペーンは通常クーポン値引き後にポイントを計算し、上限も低いことが多いため、確実な比較はモール横断での商品の支払総額（クーポン・送料・現実的に評価したポイント後）だけです。","url":"/ja/points/ecommerce-stacking","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compare-point-ecosystems:ja","entityId":"guide:compare-point-ecosystems","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"楽天／PayPay／d／Ponta／V：経済圏比較","plainText":"楽天はオンライン／統合利用、PayPayは広い対面QR（通常ポイント無期限）、dはドコモ、Pontaはau／ローソン／JAL、VはSMBC／SBI向け。既存のサービスに合うものを選びましょう。\n5大経済圏を、軸・有効期限・QRアプリ・最適ユーザーで比較。\n楽天：軸は楽天市場・サービス。期間限定ポイントに注意。\nPayPay：広いQR加盟店。通常ポイントは無期限。\ndポイント：ドコモ・d払いと分かりやすく連携。固定48か月で失効。\nPonta：au／ローソン／リクルート／JALの利便。利用で延長。\nVポイント：銀行・カード・投資・加盟店の統合。\n5つの経済圏の比較\n5大経済圏は主に、自然な軸・有効期限・QRアプリで異なります。楽天は楽天市場・サービスを軸に、利用ベースの有効期限（期間限定ポイントに注意）で、QRアプリは楽天ペイです。PayPayはPayPay・Yahoo／SoftBankを軸に、通常ポイント無期限で最も広いQR加盟店を持ちます。dポイントはドコモ・d払いを軸に、固定48か月で失効します。Pontaはau・ローソン・リクルート・JALを軸に、対象の利用で延長され、相棒ウォレットはau PAYです。VポイントはSMBC／Olive・SBI・広い加盟店網を軸に、対象の残高変動で延長され、単一の主要QRアプリではなく前払いのV Point Payを持ちます。\nどれを選ぶか\n最高の表面率を追うより、既存のサービスに経済圏を合わせましょう。楽天は楽天を多用する人に最強の初心者理由（1%カード＋統合EC）、PayPayは広いQRと通常ポイント無期限、dポイントはドコモ顧客、Pontaはau／ローソン／JALユーザー、VポイントはSMBC／SBIユーザーに向きます。PayPayとVポイントは1対1の相互交換に対応しましたが、交換で得たV残高は固定1年で、交換には上限があるため、ポイントを移すだけでなく実際の交換需要を解くために交換しましょう。1つの経済圏への集中は、ほぼ同等の残高を複数持つより優れます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/compare-point-ecosystems","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-which-ecosystem","faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten","faq:rewards-paypay-vpoint"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem","guide:best-programs-by-category","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"楽天はオンライン／統合利用、PayPayは広い対面QR（通常ポイント無期限）、dはドコモ、Pontaはau／ローソン／JAL、VはSMBC／SBI向け。既存のサービスに合うものを選びましょう。\n5大経済圏を、軸・有効期限・QRアプリ・最適ユーザーで比較。\n楽天：軸は楽天市場・サービス。期間限定ポイントに注意。\nPayPay：広いQR加盟店。通常ポイントは無期限。\ndポイント：ドコモ・d払いと分かりやすく連携。固定48か月で失効。\nPonta：au／ローソン／リクルート／JALの利便。利用で延長。\nVポイント：銀行・カード・投資・加盟店の統合。\n5つの経済圏の比較\n5大経済圏は主に、自然な軸・有効期限・QRアプリで異なります。楽天は楽天市場・サービスを軸に、利用ベースの有効期限（期間限定ポイントに注意）で、QRアプリは楽天ペイです。PayPayはPayPay・Yahoo／SoftBankを軸に、通常ポイント無期限で最も広いQR加盟店を持ちます。dポイントはドコモ・d払いを軸に、固定48か月で失効します。Pontaはau・ローソン・リクルート・JALを軸に、対象の利用で延長され、相棒ウォレットはau PAYです。VポイントはSMBC／Olive・SBI・広い加盟店網を軸に、対象の残高変動で延長され、単一の主要QRアプリではなく前払いのV Point Payを持ちます。\nどれを選ぶか\n最高の表面率を追うより、既存のサービスに経済圏を合わせましょう。楽天は楽天を多用する人に最強の初心者理由（1%カード＋統合EC）、PayPayは広いQRと通常ポイント無期限、dポイントはドコモ顧客、Pontaはau／ローソン／JALユーザー、VポイントはSMBC／SBIユーザーに向きます。PayPayとVポイントは1対1の相互交換に対応しましたが、交換で得たV残高は固定1年で、交換には上限があるため、ポイントを移すだけでなく実際の交換需要を解くために交換しましょう。1つの経済圏への集中は、ほぼ同等の残高を複数持つより優れます。","url":"/ja/points/compare-point-ecosystems","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-programs-by-category:ja","entityId":"guide:best-programs-by-category","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"カテゴリ・ペルソナ別のおすすめプログラム","plainText":"初心者：携帯・銀行に合う経済圏。外国人居住者：まず無料ポイント、次に無料カード。コンビニ：SMBC NLのスマホタッチ。スーパー：イオンでWAON。旅行：交換が現実的なときだけANA／JAL。\n初心者・外国人居住者・買い物客・旅行者・投資家に、最も妥当な出発点。\n初心者：楽天かPayPay、または携帯キャリアに紐づく経済圏。\n外国人居住者：まず無料ポイント、履歴を作ってから無料カード。\nコンビニ：対象チェーンでSMBC NLのスマホタッチ。\nスーパー：イオンでWAON POINT、他は店独自プログラム。\n旅行：特典交換が現実的なときだけANAかJAL。\n用途別の出発点\n完全な初心者は、楽天ポイント・PayPayポイント・携帯キャリアに紐づく経済圏から始めましょう。広い利便性と1円換算の分かりやすい交換が得られます。外国人居住者はまず無料のポイント口座を作り（会員登録は与信より容易）、住所・電話・銀行の履歴を作ってから無料カードに申し込みます。日常の支出には、1%の無料カードと既にある店のポイントを組み合わせると、複雑さと失効リスクを低く保てます。コンビニ利用者は、対象チェーンでのSMBC NLのスマホタッチ経路（最大7%、方法限定）が最も有利です。スーパー利用者は、イオングループではWAON POINT、他店では店独自のプログラムを使いましょう。\nペルソナ・支出水準別\nキャリア別では、SoftBank／Y!mobileはPayPay、ドコモはdポイントとd払い（dカードの上位は年会費分析の後で）、au／UQはPontaとau PAYが合います。旅行では、特典交換が現実的なときだけANAかJALを選び、そうでなければ柔軟なポイントや現金同等の価値を優先します。マイルは失効し、空席が価値を制約するためです。投資家は、既に適した銀行・カード・証券の組み合わせを使うべきで、クレカ積立の還元は手数料・ファンド選び・リスクより二次的です。少額支出者は年会費と最低数量の高いマイル交換を避け、多額支出者はしきい値を最適化しつつ、有用な上限に達したら弱いカードの利用をやめましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/best-programs-by-category","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-beginner-program","faq:rewards-foreign-first-card","faq:rewards-no-fee-cards"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:compare-point-ecosystems","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category","guide:foreign-resident-rewards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"初心者：携帯・銀行に合う経済圏。外国人居住者：まず無料ポイント、次に無料カード。コンビニ：SMBC NLのスマホタッチ。スーパー：イオンでWAON。旅行：交換が現実的なときだけANA／JAL。\n初心者・外国人居住者・買い物客・旅行者・投資家に、最も妥当な出発点。\n初心者：楽天かPayPay、または携帯キャリアに紐づく経済圏。\n外国人居住者：まず無料ポイント、履歴を作ってから無料カード。\nコンビニ：対象チェーンでSMBC NLのスマホタッチ。\nスーパー：イオンでWAON POINT、他は店独自プログラム。\n旅行：特典交換が現実的なときだけANAかJAL。\n用途別の出発点\n完全な初心者は、楽天ポイント・PayPayポイント・携帯キャリアに紐づく経済圏から始めましょう。広い利便性と1円換算の分かりやすい交換が得られます。外国人居住者はまず無料のポイント口座を作り（会員登録は与信より容易）、住所・電話・銀行の履歴を作ってから無料カードに申し込みます。日常の支出には、1%の無料カードと既にある店のポイントを組み合わせると、複雑さと失効リスクを低く保てます。コンビニ利用者は、対象チェーンでのSMBC NLのスマホタッチ経路（最大7%、方法限定）が最も有利です。スーパー利用者は、イオングループではWAON POINT、他店では店独自のプログラムを使いましょう。\nペルソナ・支出水準別\nキャリア別では、SoftBank／Y!mobileはPayPay、ドコモはdポイントとd払い（dカードの上位は年会費分析の後で）、au／UQはPontaとau PAYが合います。旅行では、特典交換が現実的なときだけANAかJALを選び、そうでなければ柔軟なポイントや現金同等の価値を優先します。マイルは失効し、空席が価値を制約するためです。投資家は、既に適した銀行・カード・証券の組み合わせを使うべきで、クレカ積立の還元は手数料・ファンド選び・リスクより二次的です。少額支出者は年会費と最低数量の高いマイル交換を避け、多額支出者はしきい値を最適化しつつ、有用な上限に達したら弱いカードの利用をやめましょう。","url":"/ja/points/best-programs-by-category","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-credit-cards-by-category:ja","entityId":"guide:best-credit-cards-by-category","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"カテゴリ別のおすすめクレジットカード","plainText":"無料汎用：楽天／PayPay／au PAY／dカード（各約1%）。コンビニ特化：SMBC NL。若年無料：JCB カード W。交通：適したビューカード。プレミアム：継続特典が年会費を上回るもの。\n無料の汎用・コンビニ・交通・若年層・プレミアムで最も妥当なカード。\n無料汎用：楽天・PayPay・au PAY・dカード。経済圏で選ぶ。\nコンビニ特化：SMBC NL（対象のスマホ経路）。\n最初のプレミアム：年100万利用が見込めるならSMBC ゴールドNL。\n若年無料：JCB カード W（39歳までに申込）。\n交通：JR東日本・モバイルSuicaを頻用するなら適したビューカード。\n目的別の最も妥当な候補\n無料の汎用還元では、楽天カード・PayPayカード・au PAYカード・dカードがそれぞれ自社ポイントで約1%の通常率を提供するため、交換の経済圏で選びます。対象コンビニ特化の最良はSMBC（NL）で、対象のスマホ決済経路を正確に使います。最初のプレミアムのしきい値カードはSMBC ゴールド（NL）で、年間100万円の自然な対象利用が見込めるときに最適です。PayPayのプレミアムはPayPayカード ゴールドで、年間利用とSoftBank特典が年会費を正当化するときです。若年層向けの無料カードはJCB カード W（39歳までに申込）です。\n交通・キャッシュバック的・プレミアム\n交通では、JR東日本・モバイルSuicaを頻用する人に適したビューカードが勝ちます。全国順位より路線と地域鉄道が重要です。キャッシュバック的な単純さでは、ポイントが自動的または日常的に1円で使われる1%カードを選びます（技術的には銀行のキャッシュバックでなくポイントカードです）。航空では、実際の利用と交換計画に合うANAかJALのカードを選びます。年会費と特典の空席が支配的で、万人向けの勝者はいません。プレミアムでは、行動を変えずに継続特典が年会費を上回るカードが最良です。ラウンジ回数・保険・ホテル特典・家族カードを個別に評価し、しきい値到達のために支出を作らないこと。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/best-credit-cards-by-category","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent","faq:rewards-premium-card-worth"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:best-programs-by-category","guide:smbc-numberless-card","guide:best-qr-payment-apps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/numberless.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/gold-numberless.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"JCB","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcbcardw.html","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"無料汎用：楽天／PayPay／au PAY／dカード（各約1%）。コンビニ特化：SMBC NL。若年無料：JCB カード W。交通：適したビューカード。プレミアム：継続特典が年会費を上回るもの。\n無料の汎用・コンビニ・交通・若年層・プレミアムで最も妥当なカード。\n無料汎用：楽天・PayPay・au PAY・dカード。経済圏で選ぶ。\nコンビニ特化：SMBC NL（対象のスマホ経路）。\n最初のプレミアム：年100万利用が見込めるならSMBC ゴールドNL。\n若年無料：JCB カード W（39歳までに申込）。\n交通：JR東日本・モバイルSuicaを頻用するなら適したビューカード。\n目的別の最も妥当な候補\n無料の汎用還元では、楽天カード・PayPayカード・au PAYカード・dカードがそれぞれ自社ポイントで約1%の通常率を提供するため、交換の経済圏で選びます。対象コンビニ特化の最良はSMBC（NL）で、対象のスマホ決済経路を正確に使います。最初のプレミアムのしきい値カードはSMBC ゴールド（NL）で、年間100万円の自然な対象利用が見込めるときに最適です。PayPayのプレミアムはPayPayカード ゴールドで、年間利用とSoftBank特典が年会費を正当化するときです。若年層向けの無料カードはJCB カード W（39歳までに申込）です。\n交通・キャッシュバック的・プレミアム\n交通では、JR東日本・モバイルSuicaを頻用する人に適したビューカードが勝ちます。全国順位より路線と地域鉄道が重要です。キャッシュバック的な単純さでは、ポイントが自動的または日常的に1円で使われる1%カードを選びます（技術的には銀行のキャッシュバックでなくポイントカードです）。航空では、実際の利用と交換計画に合うANAかJALのカードを選びます。年会費と特典の空席が支配的で、万人向けの勝者はいません。プレミアムでは、行動を変えずに継続特典が年会費を上回るカードが最良です。ラウンジ回数・保険・ホテル特典・家族カードを個別に評価し、しきい値到達のために支出を作らないこと。","url":"/ja/points/best-credit-cards-by-category","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-qr-payment-apps:ja","entityId":"guide:best-qr-payment-apps","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"おすすめQR決済アプリ比較","plainText":"PayPayは最も広い加盟店と通常ポイント無期限、楽天ペイは楽天ユーザー、d払いはドコモ／dポイント、au PAYはPonta／au、メルペイはメルカリ活用者に最適です。\nPayPay・楽天ペイ・d払い・au PAY・メルペイを加盟店・チャージ・還元で比較。\nPayPay：最も広い加盟店。通常ポイントは無期限。\n楽天ペイ：楽天ユーザーに最適。ポイントカード提示で最大2.5%。\nd払い：ドコモ／dポイントに最適。対象dカードチャージで約1%。\nau PAY：Ponta／auに最適。auじぶん銀行への出金は無料。\nメルペイ：メルカリを活発に使う人に最適。\nウォレットの比較\n主要5つのQRウォレットは、加盟店・チャージ手段・還元で異なります。PayPayは最も広い加盟店（約1,000万店）と無期限の通常ポイントを持ちますが、ステップの獲得は本人確認が必要でポイント払い分は対象外です。楽天ペイは楽天ユーザーに最適で、対象のポイントカード提示と対象の楽天キャッシュ払いで最大2.5%になり得ます。d払いはドコモ・dポイントユーザーに最適で、対象のdカードチャージで約1%ですが、他社カードのチャージは通常のd払いポイントを得ません。au PAYはPonta・auユーザーに最適で、auじぶん銀行への出金は無料です。メルペイは汎用ポイントアプリではなく、メルカリを活発に使う人に最適です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/best-qr-payment-apps","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-best-qr-app","faq:rewards-paypay-charge-points"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:paypay-app-guide","guide:rakuten-pay-guide","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Payment","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true},{"publisher":"KDDI","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Merpay","url":"https://www.merpay.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"PayPayは最も広い加盟店と通常ポイント無期限、楽天ペイは楽天ユーザー、d払いはドコモ／dポイント、au PAYはPonta／au、メルペイはメルカリ活用者に最適です。\nPayPay・楽天ペイ・d払い・au PAY・メルペイを加盟店・チャージ・還元で比較。\nPayPay：最も広い加盟店。通常ポイントは無期限。\n楽天ペイ：楽天ユーザーに最適。ポイントカード提示で最大2.5%。\nd払い：ドコモ／dポイントに最適。対象dカードチャージで約1%。\nau PAY：Ponta／auに最適。auじぶん銀行への出金は無料。\nメルペイ：メルカリを活発に使う人に最適。\nウォレットの比較\n主要5つのQRウォレットは、加盟店・チャージ手段・還元で異なります。PayPayは最も広い加盟店（約1,000万店）と無期限の通常ポイントを持ちますが、ステップの獲得は本人確認が必要でポイント払い分は対象外です。楽天ペイは楽天ユーザーに最適で、対象のポイントカード提示と対象の楽天キャッシュ払いで最大2.5%になり得ます。d払いはドコモ・dポイントユーザーに最適で、対象のdカードチャージで約1%ですが、他社カードのチャージは通常のd払いポイントを得ません。au PAYはPonta・auユーザーに最適で、auじぶん銀行への出金は無料です。メルペイは汎用ポイントアプリではなく、メルカリを活発に使う人に最適です。","url":"/ja/points/best-qr-payment-apps","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:points-cashback-calculator:ja","entityId":"guide:points-cashback-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイント対キャッシュバック 計算と比較","plainText":"ポイントは「ポイント×交換確率×現実的価値」で評価します。10,000ポイントを80%の確率で0.80円で使うなら、10,000円でなく6,400円の価値です。\n現実的な交換確率を使い、ポイントとキャッシュバックのリターンを比較する方法。\n年間ポイント価値＝支出×ポイント率×ポイント価値。\n年間キャッシュバック価値＝支出×キャッシュバック率。\nポイントの価値＝ポイント×交換確率×現実的価値。\nポイントはボーナス／旅行で上回り得るが失効・価値低下を伴う。\nキャッシュバックは単純で確実。\n計算式と計算例\n比較するには、年間ポイント価値を「支出×ポイント率×ポイント価値」、年間キャッシュバック価値を「支出×キャッシュバック率」で計算します。月20万円・1%ならどちらも名目で年24,000円ですが、ポイント側は交換の現実で割り引く必要があります。ポイントの価値は「ポイント×交換確率×現実的価値」で評価します。10,000ポイントを80%の確率で1ポイント0.80円で使うなら、期待値は10,000円でなく6,400円です。ポイントは店舗ボーナスや価値の高い旅行交換で現金を上回り得ますが、失効・価値低下・用途制限を伴います。キャッシュバックは単純で確実です。多くの居住者は両方（キャッシュバック的なカード＋1つのポイント経済圏）を併用します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/points-cashback-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback","faq:rewards-point-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","guide:annual-fee-calculator"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本銀行","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"ポイントは「ポイント×交換確率×現実的価値」で評価します。10,000ポイントを80%の確率で0.80円で使うなら、10,000円でなく6,400円の価値です。\n現実的な交換確率を使い、ポイントとキャッシュバックのリターンを比較する方法。\n年間ポイント価値＝支出×ポイント率×ポイント価値。\n年間キャッシュバック価値＝支出×キャッシュバック率。\nポイントの価値＝ポイント×交換確率×現実的価値。\nポイントはボーナス／旅行で上回り得るが失効・価値低下を伴う。\nキャッシュバックは単純で確実。\n計算式と計算例\n比較するには、年間ポイント価値を「支出×ポイント率×ポイント価値」、年間キャッシュバック価値を「支出×キャッシュバック率」で計算します。月20万円・1%ならどちらも名目で年24,000円ですが、ポイント側は交換の現実で割り引く必要があります。ポイントの価値は「ポイント×交換確率×現実的価値」で評価します。10,000ポイントを80%の確率で1ポイント0.80円で使うなら、期待値は10,000円でなく6,400円です。ポイントは店舗ボーナスや価値の高い旅行交換で現金を上回り得ますが、失効・価値低下・用途制限を伴います。キャッシュバックは単純で確実です。多くの居住者は両方（キャッシュバック的なカード＋1つのポイント経済圏）を併用します。","url":"/ja/points/points-cashback-calculator","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:annual-fee-calculator:ja","entityId":"guide:annual-fee-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"年会費の損益分岐と意思決定ツール","plainText":"損益分岐支出＝（年会費−実際に使う固定特典）÷上乗せ率。ラウンジは、そうでなければ払う場合を除き小売価格で数えないこと。\n有料カードの損益分岐支出の計算と、その他の還元計算ツール。\n損益分岐支出＝（年会費−実際に使う固定特典）÷上乗せ率。\nカード還元計算はカテゴリ率を上限までしか適用しない。\n払う場合を除き、ラウンジをウォークイン価格で評価しない。\n想定失効損（例：獲得ポイントの2%）は純額に含める。\n特典は二次的なタイブレークで、商品選びの主因ではない。\n損益分岐と還元計算\n有料カードは、上乗せの還元と使う特典が年会費を上回るときだけ見合います。損益分岐支出＝（年会費−実際に使う固定特典）÷上乗せ率。空港ラウンジは、そうでなければ払う場合を除きウォークイン価格で数えず、しきい値到達のために支出を作らないこと。完全なカード還元計算は、年間の一般支出・カテゴリ支出・基本率・カテゴリ率と上限・年間しきい値ボーナス・年会費・交換価値・想定失効損・除外取引を入力し、総額と純額を出します。カテゴリ率はカテゴリ支出と上限の小さいほうにのみ適用します。純年間還元＝基本還元＋ボーナス−手数料−失効損−追加費用。\n他のツールと時間コスト\n関連ツールも同じ規律を使います。マイル価値計算は（比較可能な現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイルです。QR決済チャージ最適化はチャージ還元＋ウォレット還元＋店還元−手数料を合計し、公式条件が確認しない要素はゼロとします。ポイント失効トラッカーは90日・30日・7日前に通知します。何より、管理時間に個人の時給を当てましょう。純最適化便益＝追加還元−手数料−（時間×時間価値）。月2時間で年6,000円増でも、誤りや使いすぎのリスク前で時給約250円にすぎません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/annual-fee-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-break-even","faq:rewards-premium-card-worth"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:points-cashback-calculator","guide:mile-value-calculator","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本銀行","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"損益分岐支出＝（年会費−実際に使う固定特典）÷上乗せ率。ラウンジは、そうでなければ払う場合を除き小売価格で数えないこと。\n有料カードの損益分岐支出の計算と、その他の還元計算ツール。\n損益分岐支出＝（年会費−実際に使う固定特典）÷上乗せ率。\nカード還元計算はカテゴリ率を上限までしか適用しない。\n払う場合を除き、ラウンジをウォークイン価格で評価しない。\n想定失効損（例：獲得ポイントの2%）は純額に含める。\n特典は二次的なタイブレークで、商品選びの主因ではない。\n損益分岐と還元計算\n有料カードは、上乗せの還元と使う特典が年会費を上回るときだけ見合います。損益分岐支出＝（年会費−実際に使う固定特典）÷上乗せ率。空港ラウンジは、そうでなければ払う場合を除きウォークイン価格で数えず、しきい値到達のために支出を作らないこと。完全なカード還元計算は、年間の一般支出・カテゴリ支出・基本率・カテゴリ率と上限・年間しきい値ボーナス・年会費・交換価値・想定失効損・除外取引を入力し、総額と純額を出します。カテゴリ率はカテゴリ支出と上限の小さいほうにのみ適用します。純年間還元＝基本還元＋ボーナス−手数料−失効損−追加費用。\n他のツールと時間コスト\n関連ツールも同じ規律を使います。マイル価値計算は（比較可能な現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイルです。QR決済チャージ最適化はチャージ還元＋ウォレット還元＋店還元−手数料を合計し、公式条件が確認しない要素はゼロとします。ポイント失効トラッカーは90日・30日・7日前に通知します。何より、管理時間に個人の時給を当てましょう。純最適化便益＝追加還元−手数料−（時間×時間価値）。月2時間で年6,000円増でも、誤りや使いすぎのリスク前で時給約250円にすぎません。","url":"/ja/points/annual-fee-calculator","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mile-value-calculator:ja","entityId":"guide:mile-value-calculator","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マイル価値の計算","plainText":"マイル価値＝（比較可能な現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイル。実際に買う運賃を使い、特典券にも税・サーチャージが残ることを忘れないこと。\n税・放棄した利点を差し引いた、特典の実質1マイル価値の計算。\nマイル価値＝（現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイル。\n膨らませた変更可能運賃でなく、実際に買う運賃を使う。\n特典券にも税・空港料・燃油サーチャージが残る。\n5万マイル＋2万円の税が必要な10万円運賃＝1マイル1.60円。\n交換前に現金や明細クレジットでの交換と比較。\n実質マイル価値の計算\nマイルに固定の現金価値はありません。評価するには（比較可能な現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイルで計算します。5万マイルと2万円の特典税が必要な10万円の現金旅程なら、（100,000−20,000）÷50,000＝1マイル1.60円です。重要なのは、「比較可能な現金運賃」は数字を膨らませる高い変更可能運賃でなく実際に買う運賃であるべきで、特典券でも税・空港料・燃油サーチャージは消えないことです。入力には、ポジショニング移動・変更／取消リスク・移行ポイント・交換レート・失効しそうなマイルも含めます。使用1マイルあたりの価値、元のカードポイントあたりの価値、交換ボーナス後の価値、現金や明細クレジットでの交換との比較を示し、特典がそれらの代替を本当に上回るときだけ交換しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/mile-value-calculator","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-mile-value","faq:rewards-transfer-miles"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-mileage-club","guide:jal-mileage-bank","guide:redeem-points-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"マイル価値＝（比較可能な現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイル。実際に買う運賃を使い、特典券にも税・サーチャージが残ることを忘れないこと。\n税・放棄した利点を差し引いた、特典の実質1マイル価値の計算。\nマイル価値＝（現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイル。\n膨らませた変更可能運賃でなく、実際に買う運賃を使う。\n特典券にも税・空港料・燃油サーチャージが残る。\n5万マイル＋2万円の税が必要な10万円運賃＝1マイル1.60円。\n交換前に現金や明細クレジットでの交換と比較。\n実質マイル価値の計算\nマイルに固定の現金価値はありません。評価するには（比較可能な現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイルで計算します。5万マイルと2万円の特典税が必要な10万円の現金旅程なら、（100,000−20,000）÷50,000＝1マイル1.60円です。重要なのは、「比較可能な現金運賃」は数字を膨らませる高い変更可能運賃でなく実際に買う運賃であるべきで、特典券でも税・空港料・燃油サーチャージは消えないことです。入力には、ポジショニング移動・変更／取消リスク・移行ポイント・交換レート・失効しそうなマイルも含めます。使用1マイルあたりの価値、元のカードポイントあたりの価値、交換ボーナス後の価値、現金や明細クレジットでの交換との比較を示し、特典がそれらの代替を本当に上回るときだけ交換しましょう。","url":"/ja/points/mile-value-calculator","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:reward-stacking-checker:ja","entityId":"guide:reward-stacking-checker","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"重ね取りチェッカーとキャンペーン確認表","plainText":"各層で、店の対象性・正確なチャージ元・正確な非接触経路・キャンペーンのエントリー・残り上限・クーポン規則・返品リスク・有効期限を確認し、同じ基本を含む2つの率が重なる重ね取りは弾きます。\n誤った重ね取りを弾き、キャンペーンの対象性を追う、層ごとの検証法。\n店：この決済方法で店はポイントを付けるか。\nチャージ元／経路：正確な手段と非接触経路は対象か。\nキャンペーン：期限前にエントリー済みか。上限は残っているか。\nクーポン／返品：対象額を減らすか、ボーナスを取り消すか。\n同じ基本を含む2つの率が重なる場合は弾く。\n層ごとのチェッカー\nすべての重ね取りで、数える前に各層を検証します。店の会員：この決済方法で店はポイントを付けるか。カードやウォレット：正確なチャージ元は対象か。カテゴリボーナス：正確な非接触経路（ネットワークのタッチ対iD対QUICPay）は対象か。キャンペーン：該当の期限前にエントリーを完了したか。上限：月間やキャンペーンの余力は残っているか。クーポン：他の割引を禁止するか、対象額を減らすか。返品：一部返品でボーナス全体が取り消されるか。有効期限：ボーナスは十分長く使えるか。同じ基本を含む2つの率が重なるときは弾く必要があります。例えば、既に基本を含む三井住友の7%経路に基本0.5%を上乗せする場合です。\nキャンペーン対象性の確認表\nキャンペーンでは、公式ページ・エントリー時刻・応募期間・利用期間・対象店・最低金額・取引回数・除外される決済手段・クーポン要件・上限・付与日・ポイント種別・有効期限を記録します。日本では、先にエントリーせず利用条件を満たしてもボーナスが出ないことがあり、キャンペーンは通常ポイントでなく期間・用途限定残高を出すことが多いです。抽選キャンペーンは最高賞でなく期待値（当選確率を使う）で評価します。スクリーンショットは個人の記録に有用ですが、現在の公式条件が支配し、事業者は不正を除外・返還させられます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/reward-stacking-checker","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-avoid-double-count","faq:rewards-campaign-entry","faq:rewards-campaign-not-track"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:ecommerce-stacking"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"各層で、店の対象性・正確なチャージ元・正確な非接触経路・キャンペーンのエントリー・残り上限・クーポン規則・返品リスク・有効期限を確認し、同じ基本を含む2つの率が重なる重ね取りは弾きます。\n誤った重ね取りを弾き、キャンペーンの対象性を追う、層ごとの検証法。\n店：この決済方法で店はポイントを付けるか。\nチャージ元／経路：正確な手段と非接触経路は対象か。\nキャンペーン：期限前にエントリー済みか。上限は残っているか。\nクーポン／返品：対象額を減らすか、ボーナスを取り消すか。\n同じ基本を含む2つの率が重なる場合は弾く。\n層ごとのチェッカー\nすべての重ね取りで、数える前に各層を検証します。店の会員：この決済方法で店はポイントを付けるか。カードやウォレット：正確なチャージ元は対象か。カテゴリボーナス：正確な非接触経路（ネットワークのタッチ対iD対QUICPay）は対象か。キャンペーン：該当の期限前にエントリーを完了したか。上限：月間やキャンペーンの余力は残っているか。クーポン：他の割引を禁止するか、対象額を減らすか。返品：一部返品でボーナス全体が取り消されるか。有効期限：ボーナスは十分長く使えるか。同じ基本を含む2つの率が重なるときは弾く必要があります。例えば、既に基本を含む三井住友の7%経路に基本0.5%を上乗せする場合です。\nキャンペーン対象性の確認表\nキャンペーンでは、公式ページ・エントリー時刻・応募期間・利用期間・対象店・最低金額・取引回数・除外される決済手段・クーポン要件・上限・付与日・ポイント種別・有効期限を記録します。日本では、先にエントリーせず利用条件を満たしてもボーナスが出ないことがあり、キャンペーンは通常ポイントでなく期間・用途限定残高を出すことが多いです。抽選キャンペーンは最高賞でなく期待値（当選確率を使う）で評価します。スクリーンショットは個人の記録に有用ですが、現在の公式条件が支配し、事業者は不正を除外・返還させられます。","url":"/ja/points/reward-stacking-checker","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-resident-rewards:ja","entityId":"guide:foreign-resident-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者の特典戦略","plainText":"まず無料のポイント口座と現金／前払いのウォレットを使い、住所・電話・銀行の履歴を作りつつ、次に無料カードを1枚ずつ（楽天やエポスが入手しやすいことが多い）申し込みます。\n新しく来た人が、ポイント口座・ウォレット・最初のカードをどう順序立てるか。\n会員登録は与信より容易。まず無料口座に入る。\nカードは通常、日本の在留・住所・電話・銀行口座が必要。\n入手しやすい最初のカード：楽天カード、エポスカード。\nPayPay・dポイント・ローソンPontaは新規者に親しみやすい。\nカードは1枚ずつ申込。多くの商品を一度に作らない。\n口座と最初のカードの順序\n外国人居住者には2つのハードルがあります。日本のID・住所・電話・多くの場合は銀行口座が必要なことと、国内の信用履歴がゼロから始まることです。うまくいく順序は、まず無料の店のポイントプログラムに入り（会員登録は与信より容易）、国内の金融履歴を作りながらデビット・前払い・現金チャージのウォレットを使うことです。PayPayはアプリ登録でき広く使え、dポイントは非ドコモ口座を認め、ローソンPontaはドコモ契約なしで入りやすく、WAONはイオンで使いやすいです。まだ扱えないなら、重い日本語を要するプログラムは避けましょう。\n最初のカードに申し込む\n申し込むときは、選んで1枚ずつにしましょう。日本のカード審査は通常、在留・国内住所・連絡可能な電話・銀行口座・審査を要し、ネットワークが一部英語を提供しても申込やサポートは日本語中心のことが多いです。入手しやすい最初のカードは、楽天カード（一部英語情報）とエポスカード（取得しやすく、履歴作りに向くとされる）です。一貫性が重要で、在留カード・銀行・申込で名前の綴り・順序・カタカナを同一に保ちましょう。不一致は本人確認の失敗をよく招きます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/foreign-resident-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-foreign-join","faq:rewards-foreign-first-card","faq:rewards-foreign-card-tourist"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:epos-card","guide:best-programs-by-category","guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Marui / Epos","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"まず無料のポイント口座と現金／前払いのウォレットを使い、住所・電話・銀行の履歴を作りつつ、次に無料カードを1枚ずつ（楽天やエポスが入手しやすいことが多い）申し込みます。\n新しく来た人が、ポイント口座・ウォレット・最初のカードをどう順序立てるか。\n会員登録は与信より容易。まず無料口座に入る。\nカードは通常、日本の在留・住所・電話・銀行口座が必要。\n入手しやすい最初のカード：楽天カード、エポスカード。\nPayPay・dポイント・ローソンPontaは新規者に親しみやすい。\nカードは1枚ずつ申込。多くの商品を一度に作らない。\n口座と最初のカードの順序\n外国人居住者には2つのハードルがあります。日本のID・住所・電話・多くの場合は銀行口座が必要なことと、国内の信用履歴がゼロから始まることです。うまくいく順序は、まず無料の店のポイントプログラムに入り（会員登録は与信より容易）、国内の金融履歴を作りながらデビット・前払い・現金チャージのウォレットを使うことです。PayPayはアプリ登録でき広く使え、dポイントは非ドコモ口座を認め、ローソンPontaはドコモ契約なしで入りやすく、WAONはイオンで使いやすいです。まだ扱えないなら、重い日本語を要するプログラムは避けましょう。\n最初のカードに申し込む\n申し込むときは、選んで1枚ずつにしましょう。日本のカード審査は通常、在留・国内住所・連絡可能な電話・銀行口座・審査を要し、ネットワークが一部英語を提供しても申込やサポートは日本語中心のことが多いです。入手しやすい最初のカードは、楽天カード（一部英語情報）とエポスカード（取得しやすく、履歴作りに向くとされる）です。一貫性が重要で、在留カード・銀行・申込で名前の綴り・順序・カタカナを同一に保ちましょう。不一致は本人確認の失敗をよく招きます。","url":"/ja/points/foreign-resident-rewards","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:train-commuter-rewards:ja","entityId":"guide:train-commuter-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"電車通勤者の特典戦略","plainText":"モバイルSuicaをJRE POINTに登録し、ビューカードでチャージして対象のJR東日本乗車で名目3.5%を重ね、駅ナカの店でJRE POINTカードを提示します。全国順位より路線と鉄道が重要です。\n毎日乗る人がモバイルSuica・ビューカード・駅ビルポイントをどう組み合わせるか。\nモバイルSuicaをJRE POINTに登録。未登録の乗車は貯まらない。\nビューチャージ（1.5%）＋対象乗車ポイント（2%）で約3.5%。\n駅ナカの店でJRE POINTカードを提示し店ポイント。\nすべてのSuica取引が対象のJR東日本乗車ではない。\n全国順位より路線と地域鉄道が重要。\n通勤の重ね取り\nJR東日本の通勤者の基本構成は、モバイルSuicaをJRE POINTアカウントに登録し、ビューカードでチャージすることです。対象のモバイルSuicaのJR東日本乗車は2%のJRE POINT（50円につき1ポイント）、ビューチャージは1.5%で、同じ対象の移動資金サイクルで名目3.5%を重ねます。未登録の乗車や現金は乗車ポイントを得ないため、移動前にSuicaを登録しましょう。すべてのSuica取引が対象のJR東日本乗車ではない点に注意してください。対象外の鉄道事業者・未登録Suica・一部の定期券は別の率です。\n駅の買い物と他の地域\n駅ナカの店（売店・駅ビル・商業施設）でJRE POINTカードやアプリを提示し、決済特典に店ポイントを加えましょう。JRE Cardや対象のビュー商品は指定の駅ビル店でより多く貯まりますが、店の指定や2026年9月1日の変更を確認する必要があります。他の地域も論理は同じですがプログラムが異なります。JR西日本はWESTER・ICOCA・J-WESTの関係、JR九州はJRキューポ、私鉄はPASMO／manaca／PiTaPaと独自カードです。全国順位より路線と地域鉄道が重要なため、実際の通勤で評価しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/train-commuter-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-suica-register","faq:rewards-view-card-worth","faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:jre-point-guide","guide:view-card-standard","guide:mobile-suica-guide"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR West","url":"https://www.jr-odekake.net/wester/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"モバイルSuicaをJRE POINTに登録し、ビューカードでチャージして対象のJR東日本乗車で名目3.5%を重ね、駅ナカの店でJRE POINTカードを提示します。全国順位より路線と鉄道が重要です。\n毎日乗る人がモバイルSuica・ビューカード・駅ビルポイントをどう組み合わせるか。\nモバイルSuicaをJRE POINTに登録。未登録の乗車は貯まらない。\nビューチャージ（1.5%）＋対象乗車ポイント（2%）で約3.5%。\n駅ナカの店でJRE POINTカードを提示し店ポイント。\nすべてのSuica取引が対象のJR東日本乗車ではない。\n全国順位より路線と地域鉄道が重要。\n通勤の重ね取り\nJR東日本の通勤者の基本構成は、モバイルSuicaをJRE POINTアカウントに登録し、ビューカードでチャージすることです。対象のモバイルSuicaのJR東日本乗車は2%のJRE POINT（50円につき1ポイント）、ビューチャージは1.5%で、同じ対象の移動資金サイクルで名目3.5%を重ねます。未登録の乗車や現金は乗車ポイントを得ないため、移動前にSuicaを登録しましょう。すべてのSuica取引が対象のJR東日本乗車ではない点に注意してください。対象外の鉄道事業者・未登録Suica・一部の定期券は別の率です。\n駅の買い物と他の地域\n駅ナカの店（売店・駅ビル・商業施設）でJRE POINTカードやアプリを提示し、決済特典に店ポイントを加えましょう。JRE Cardや対象のビュー商品は指定の駅ビル店でより多く貯まりますが、店の指定や2026年9月1日の変更を確認する必要があります。他の地域も論理は同じですがプログラムが異なります。JR西日本はWESTER・ICOCA・J-WESTの関係、JR九州はJRキューポ、私鉄はPASMO／manaca／PiTaPaと独自カードです。全国順位より路線と地域鉄道が重要なため、実際の通勤で評価しましょう。","url":"/ja/points/train-commuter-rewards","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:convenience-shopper-rewards:ja","entityId":"guide:convenience-shopper-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"コンビニ利用者の戦略","plainText":"該当のポイントカード（nanaco、dポイント／Ponta）を持ち、対象ならQRやSMBC NLのスマホタッチで払い、支払い前に必ず店の会員を提示します。PayPay経済圏は幅広くコンビニに合います。\nコンビニ常連が店カード・QRウォレット・SMBCの7%経路をどう組み合わせるか。\nセブン：nanaco。ローソン：dポイント／Ponta。ファミマ：Vポイント／FamiPay。ミニストップ：WAON。\n店の会員を提示し、クーポンを適用し、対象の最良の方法で払う。\n対象チェーンでSMBC NLのスマホタッチは最大7%（方法限定）。\nPayPayは広く使え、コンビニ支出に合う。\nカード還元は通常クーポン値引き後の金額で計算。\nコンビニの手順\n主要な店は異なるプログラムを軸にします。セブン-イレブン（nanaco）、ローソン（dポイントかPonta）、ファミリーマート（VポイントかFamiPay）、ミニストップ（WAON）です。効率的な手順は、該当のポイントカードやアプリを提示し、店アプリのクーポンを適用し、対象の最良の方法（還元のあるカードやQRウォレット）で払うことです。対象チェーンで三井住友の対象店スマホのタッチを使う場合、還元は最大7%になり得ますが、対象のスマホのタッチという正確な経路に限られ（物理カードのタッチやiDは対象外）、7%には基本が含まれるため別に0.5%を足してはいけません。カード還元は通常クーポン値引き後の金額で計算されます。\nコンビニに最適な経済圏\n主に単純さを求める人には、PayPay経済圏がコンビニ支出に合います。広く使え、通常ポイントが無期限だからです。PayPayカードと組み合わせるとカードの層を加えられます。特定のチェーンで最も買うなら、店独自のプログラム（セブンのnanaco、ローソンのdポイント／Ponta）＋合う決済方法のほうがすっきりします。変わらない大原則は、コンビニの買い物は少額かつ頻繁なので控えめな還元で十分だが、キャンペーンに押されて本来買わない物を買わないことです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/convenience-shopper-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-seven-eleven-best","faq:rewards-lawson-best","faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:convenience-store-points","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:smbc-numberless-card"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"該当のポイントカード（nanaco、dポイント／Ponta）を持ち、対象ならQRやSMBC NLのスマホタッチで払い、支払い前に必ず店の会員を提示します。PayPay経済圏は幅広くコンビニに合います。\nコンビニ常連が店カード・QRウォレット・SMBCの7%経路をどう組み合わせるか。\nセブン：nanaco。ローソン：dポイント／Ponta。ファミマ：Vポイント／FamiPay。ミニストップ：WAON。\n店の会員を提示し、クーポンを適用し、対象の最良の方法で払う。\n対象チェーンでSMBC NLのスマホタッチは最大7%（方法限定）。\nPayPayは広く使え、コンビニ支出に合う。\nカード還元は通常クーポン値引き後の金額で計算。\nコンビニの手順\n主要な店は異なるプログラムを軸にします。セブン-イレブン（nanaco）、ローソン（dポイントかPonta）、ファミリーマート（VポイントかFamiPay）、ミニストップ（WAON）です。効率的な手順は、該当のポイントカードやアプリを提示し、店アプリのクーポンを適用し、対象の最良の方法（還元のあるカードやQRウォレット）で払うことです。対象チェーンで三井住友の対象店スマホのタッチを使う場合、還元は最大7%になり得ますが、対象のスマホのタッチという正確な経路に限られ（物理カードのタッチやiDは対象外）、7%には基本が含まれるため別に0.5%を足してはいけません。カード還元は通常クーポン値引き後の金額で計算されます。\nコンビニに最適な経済圏\n主に単純さを求める人には、PayPay経済圏がコンビニ支出に合います。広く使え、通常ポイントが無期限だからです。PayPayカードと組み合わせるとカードの層を加えられます。特定のチェーンで最も買うなら、店独自のプログラム（セブンのnanaco、ローソンのdポイント／Ponta）＋合う決済方法のほうがすっきりします。変わらない大原則は、コンビニの買い物は少額かつ頻繁なので控えめな還元で十分だが、キャンペーンに押されて本来買わない物を買わないことです。","url":"/ja/points/convenience-shopper-rewards","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:family-rewards:ja","entityId":"guide:family-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"家族・世帯の特典戦略","plainText":"1つの食料品経済圏（多くはイオンのWAON）＋1枚の世帯費用カードに集中し、有用なら家族／追加カードを使い、失効カレンダーを共有します。\n世帯が食料品・光熱費の支出を集中させ、失効カレンダーを共有する方法。\n食料品支出を1つの経済圏に集中（イオンのWAONがよく合う）。\n光熱費・継続請求に1枚の世帯費用カードを使う。\n家族／追加カードはしきい値に向け支出を合算できる（条件を確認）。\n期間限定ポイントを失わないよう失効カレンダーを共有。\n食料品と光熱費の集中が世帯還元の大半を生む。\n集中と共有\n世帯の還元の大半は、いくつかの大きく反復するカテゴリ（食料品と光熱費）から生まれるため、勝ち筋は食料品支出を1つの経済圏に集中し（店の会員日を考えるとイオングループのWAON POINTがよく合います）、光熱費や継続請求を1枚の世帯費用カードに通すことです。家族カードや追加カードは年間しきい値に向け支出を合算できますが、家族カードの利用が算入されるかは各商品の条件次第のため、合算を前提にせず確認しましょう。失効カレンダーを1つ共有し、月1回見直します。家族に散らばった期間限定ポイントは最も失いやすい価値だからです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/family-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-family-pooling","faq:rewards-supermarket-best"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:supermarket-points","guide:waon-point-guide","guide:best-programs-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON Financial Service","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/ct/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"1つの食料品経済圏（多くはイオンのWAON）＋1枚の世帯費用カードに集中し、有用なら家族／追加カードを使い、失効カレンダーを共有します。\n世帯が食料品・光熱費の支出を集中させ、失効カレンダーを共有する方法。\n食料品支出を1つの経済圏に集中（イオンのWAONがよく合う）。\n光熱費・継続請求に1枚の世帯費用カードを使う。\n家族／追加カードはしきい値に向け支出を合算できる（条件を確認）。\n期間限定ポイントを失わないよう失効カレンダーを共有。\n食料品と光熱費の集中が世帯還元の大半を生む。\n集中と共有\n世帯の還元の大半は、いくつかの大きく反復するカテゴリ（食料品と光熱費）から生まれるため、勝ち筋は食料品支出を1つの経済圏に集中し（店の会員日を考えるとイオングループのWAON POINTがよく合います）、光熱費や継続請求を1枚の世帯費用カードに通すことです。家族カードや追加カードは年間しきい値に向け支出を合算できますが、家族カードの利用が算入されるかは各商品の条件次第のため、合算を前提にせず確認しましょう。失効カレンダーを1つ共有し、月1回見直します。家族に散らばった期間限定ポイントは最も失いやすい価値だからです。","url":"/ja/points/family-rewards","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:domestic-traveler-rewards:ja","entityId":"guide:domestic-traveler-rewards","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"国内旅行者の特典戦略","plainText":"地域の鉄道経済圏＋柔軟なホテル割引を使い、マイルは実際に飛ぶ路線だけ貯めます。マイルは失効し、特典の空席が価値を制約します。\n国内をよく旅する人が鉄道経済圏・ホテル割引・選択的なマイルをどう組み合わせるか。\n地域に合う鉄道経済圏（JRE POINT・WESTERなど）を使う。\n頻繁な宿泊には柔軟なホテル割引や単純な宿泊数プログラムを優先。\n実際に飛ぶ路線だけマイルを貯める。\nホテルポイントとマイルは実際に払う現金価格で評価。\n国内旅行カードは約1%＋マイルを加える。年会費は実利用で評価。\n鉄道・ホテル・選択的なマイル\n国内をよく旅する人の基盤は、地域の鉄道経済圏です。東はJRE POINTとモバイルSuica、関西はWESTERとICOCA、九州はJRキューポで、通勤や旅行の還元が年会費を上回るところに適したビューやJ-WEST商品を重ねます。宿泊では、柔軟なホテル割引と単純な国内の宿泊数プログラム（One Harmony・プリンス・APA・東横イン）が、頻繁な低価格宿泊では交換可能ポイントを上回ることが多いです。マイルは実際に飛ぶ路線だけ貯めましょう。マイルは失効し（約36か月）、特典の空席が価値を制約するためです。国内旅行カードは約1%＋マイルを加えますが、表面的な特典でなく実利用で年会費を評価しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/domestic-traveler-rewards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-one-harmony","faq:rewards-mile-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:hotel-travel-rewards","guide:train-commuter-rewards","guide:ana-vs-jal"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR West","url":"https://www.jr-odekake.net/wester/","official":true},{"publisher":"Okura Nikko Hotels","url":"https://www.oneharmony.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"地域の鉄道経済圏＋柔軟なホテル割引を使い、マイルは実際に飛ぶ路線だけ貯めます。マイルは失効し、特典の空席が価値を制約します。\n国内をよく旅する人が鉄道経済圏・ホテル割引・選択的なマイルをどう組み合わせるか。\n地域に合う鉄道経済圏（JRE POINT・WESTERなど）を使う。\n頻繁な宿泊には柔軟なホテル割引や単純な宿泊数プログラムを優先。\n実際に飛ぶ路線だけマイルを貯める。\nホテルポイントとマイルは実際に払う現金価格で評価。\n国内旅行カードは約1%＋マイルを加える。年会費は実利用で評価。\n鉄道・ホテル・選択的なマイル\n国内をよく旅する人の基盤は、地域の鉄道経済圏です。東はJRE POINTとモバイルSuica、関西はWESTERとICOCA、九州はJRキューポで、通勤や旅行の還元が年会費を上回るところに適したビューやJ-WEST商品を重ねます。宿泊では、柔軟なホテル割引と単純な国内の宿泊数プログラム（One Harmony・プリンス・APA・東横イン）が、頻繁な低価格宿泊では交換可能ポイントを上回ることが多いです。マイルは実際に飛ぶ路線だけ貯めましょう。マイルは失効し（約36か月）、特典の空席が価値を制約するためです。国内旅行カードは約1%＋マイルを加えますが、表面的な特典でなく実利用で年会費を評価しましょう。","url":"/ja/points/domestic-traveler-rewards","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rewards-glossary-sources-archive:ja","entityId":"guide:rewards-glossary-sources-archive","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"特典の用語集・出典・旧戦略アーカイブ","plainText":"このハブは主要用語を定義し、すべての主張が検証日付きの公式一次出典を引く理由を説明し、2025〜2026年に失効した戦略（ふるさと納税ポイント、本人確認なしのPayPayステップなど）を挙げます。\n主要用語・公式出典の考え方・使うのをやめるべき旧戦略。\n基本率と実質率、通常／期間限定／用途限定ポイント。\n重ね取りと二重計上、キャンペーンのエントリーと自動登録。\nすべての事実の主張は検証日付きの公式出典を引く。\nふるさと納税のポータルポイントは2025年10月1日に廃止。\nPayPayステップは2026年6月2日以降、本人確認必須でポイント払い分は対象外。\n主要用語と出典の考え方\nこのクラスター全体でいくつかの用語が繰り返し出ます。基本率はキャンペーン前の通常の還元、実質率は上限・手数料・除外・端数・現実的な交換の後に実際に受け取る分です。通常ポイントは標準ルール、期間限定ポイントは固定期限、用途限定ポイントは指定用途に限られます。重ね取りは1回の買い物で複数の正当な特典を受けること、二重計上は同じ基本を含む率を誤って足すことです。これは生活に直結するお金の内容のため、すべての事実の率・手数料・有効期限・対象性の主張は、検証日付きの公式一次出典（発行会社・プログラム・航空会社・国税庁）を引きます。検索の抜粋は証拠にならず、不確かな値は推測せず不明として示します。\n旧・危険な戦略\nかつて一般的だったいくつかの戦略は、今や失効または危険です。ふるさと納税のポータルポイント・SPU・お買い物マラソンのボーナスは2025年10月1日に廃止されましたが、通常のカード決済ポイントは残り得ます。PayPayステップは本人確認なしでは機能せず（2026年6月2日）、PayPayポイントで払った分はステップ対象外です。PayPayゴールドの旧・追加基本率ボーナスは2026年6月2日に、1%の基本率と年間利用特典に置き換わりました。楽天ペイの2026年3月1日の変更は延期され実施されていません。2026年9月1日以降、dカードでチャージしたd払いのボーナスは用途限定ポイントになり、JRE Cardの駅特典も変わります。物理カードのタッチ・スマホのタッチ・iDは、三井住友の対象店7%経路では同一ではありません。航空の特典チャートは2026年にANA・JALとも変わりました。古いブログのカード→電子マネーの「ループ」を繰り返さないこと。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/rewards-glossary-sources-archive","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-furusato-points","faq:rewards-paypay-points-step","faq:rewards-sources"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:compare-point-ecosystems"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://event.rakuten.co.jp/furusato/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/law/shitsugi/shotoku/02/37.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"このハブは主要用語を定義し、すべての主張が検証日付きの公式一次出典を引く理由を説明し、2025〜2026年に失効した戦略（ふるさと納税ポイント、本人確認なしのPayPayステップなど）を挙げます。\n主要用語・公式出典の考え方・使うのをやめるべき旧戦略。\n基本率と実質率、通常／期間限定／用途限定ポイント。\n重ね取りと二重計上、キャンペーンのエントリーと自動登録。\nすべての事実の主張は検証日付きの公式出典を引く。\nふるさと納税のポータルポイントは2025年10月1日に廃止。\nPayPayステップは2026年6月2日以降、本人確認必須でポイント払い分は対象外。\n主要用語と出典の考え方\nこのクラスター全体でいくつかの用語が繰り返し出ます。基本率はキャンペーン前の通常の還元、実質率は上限・手数料・除外・端数・現実的な交換の後に実際に受け取る分です。通常ポイントは標準ルール、期間限定ポイントは固定期限、用途限定ポイントは指定用途に限られます。重ね取りは1回の買い物で複数の正当な特典を受けること、二重計上は同じ基本を含む率を誤って足すことです。これは生活に直結するお金の内容のため、すべての事実の率・手数料・有効期限・対象性の主張は、検証日付きの公式一次出典（発行会社・プログラム・航空会社・国税庁）を引きます。検索の抜粋は証拠にならず、不確かな値は推測せず不明として示します。\n旧・危険な戦略\nかつて一般的だったいくつかの戦略は、今や失効または危険です。ふるさと納税のポータルポイント・SPU・お買い物マラソンのボーナスは2025年10月1日に廃止されましたが、通常のカード決済ポイントは残り得ます。PayPayステップは本人確認なしでは機能せず（2026年6月2日）、PayPayポイントで払った分はステップ対象外です。PayPayゴールドの旧・追加基本率ボーナスは2026年6月2日に、1%の基本率と年間利用特典に置き換わりました。楽天ペイの2026年3月1日の変更は延期され実施されていません。2026年9月1日以降、dカードでチャージしたd払いのボーナスは用途限定ポイントになり、JRE Cardの駅特典も変わります。物理カードのタッチ・スマホのタッチ・iDは、三井住友の対象店7%経路では同一ではありません。航空の特典チャートは2026年にANA・JALとも変わりました。古いブログのカード→電子マネーの「ループ」を繰り返さないこと。","url":"/ja/points/rewards-glossary-sources-archive","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:points-deals-and-campaigns:ja","entityId":"guide:points-deals-and-campaigns","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のポイントキャンペーン：本当にお得なものを見抜く","plainText":"多くの日本のキャンペーンは上限・短い期限つきの期間限定ポイントで還元します。実際に使える価値が、手間や誘発される追加支出を上回るときだけお得です。\n日本のポイントキャンペーンの仕組み、そのお得さの判断方法、そして労力に見合わないキャンペーンの避け方。\nキャンペーン還元は通常、上限つき・短い期限の期間限定ポイント。\n「＋10%」は対象分・上限までの10%にすぎない。上限を必ず読む。\nエントリーが必要なことが多い（支払い前に「エントリー」を押す）。押さないと対象外。\n期間限定ポイントは、期限内に現実に使える額で価値評価する。\n経済圏の大型セール（楽天SPU・PayPayステップ）は集中を評価し、あちこち追うことは評価しない。\n日本のポイントキャンペーンの実際の仕組み\n日本の大型キャンペーンのほとんどは、通常ポイントではなく期間限定ポイントで還元します。期間限定ポイントは数週間〜数か月で失効し、限られたサービスでしか使えないこともあるため、見出しの数字が現金価値と一致することはまれです。楽天のSPU（スーパーポイントアップ）とPayPayステップが最も分かりやすい例で、どちらも経済圏を使うほど実質還元率が上がり、月ごと・カテゴリごとに上限があります。\n多くのキャンペーンは支払い前の「エントリー」も必要です。他の条件を満たしていても、エントリーを忘れると加算されません。お得かどうかを決める前に、対象の支出・ボーナスポイントの月間上限・受け取るポイントの有効期限の3つを必ず読みましょう。\nお得かどうかを判断する簡単な方法\n広告上の最大値ではなく、現実に使える価値を計算します。ボーナス率に「どのみち使う額」を掛け、記載の上限で頭打ちにし、期限までに使い切れない分を割り引きます。その数字が、キャンペーンを追う手間を上回り、かつ不要な買い物を誘発しないなら実行、そうでなければ見送りです。\n無視してよいキャンペーン\n不要な商品を作らせるもの、使わないサービスでしか交換できないポイントで還元するもの、条件が何層にも重なって管理が第二の仕事になるものは見送りましょう。最も多い罠は、カードやウォレットの大きな入会ボーナスを取ったあと使わずに放置することです。一度きりのボーナスは継続的なリターンではなく、使わない商品も手数料・セキュリティ・管理の負担を残します。\n規律ある方法は、1つの経済圏に集中して普段の支出にキャンペーンポイントを落とし、通常の買い物と重なる少数のキャンペーンだけにエントリーし、残りは見送ることです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/points-deals-and-campaigns","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-limited-time","faq:rewards-stacking"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:maximize-points-japan","guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"多くの日本のキャンペーンは上限・短い期限つきの期間限定ポイントで還元します。実際に使える価値が、手間や誘発される追加支出を上回るときだけお得です。\n日本のポイントキャンペーンの仕組み、そのお得さの判断方法、そして労力に見合わないキャンペーンの避け方。\nキャンペーン還元は通常、上限つき・短い期限の期間限定ポイント。\n「＋10%」は対象分・上限までの10%にすぎない。上限を必ず読む。\nエントリーが必要なことが多い（支払い前に「エントリー」を押す）。押さないと対象外。\n期間限定ポイントは、期限内に現実に使える額で価値評価する。\n経済圏の大型セール（楽天SPU・PayPayステップ）は集中を評価し、あちこち追うことは評価しない。\n日本のポイントキャンペーンの実際の仕組み\n日本の大型キャンペーンのほとんどは、通常ポイントではなく期間限定ポイントで還元します。期間限定ポイントは数週間〜数か月で失効し、限られたサービスでしか使えないこともあるため、見出しの数字が現金価値と一致することはまれです。楽天のSPU（スーパーポイントアップ）とPayPayステップが最も分かりやすい例で、どちらも経済圏を使うほど実質還元率が上がり、月ごと・カテゴリごとに上限があります。\n多くのキャンペーンは支払い前の「エントリー」も必要です。他の条件を満たしていても、エントリーを忘れると加算されません。お得かどうかを決める前に、対象の支出・ボーナスポイントの月間上限・受け取るポイントの有効期限の3つを必ず読みましょう。\nお得かどうかを判断する簡単な方法\n広告上の最大値ではなく、現実に使える価値を計算します。ボーナス率に「どのみち使う額」を掛け、記載の上限で頭打ちにし、期限までに使い切れない分を割り引きます。その数字が、キャンペーンを追う手間を上回り、かつ不要な買い物を誘発しないなら実行、そうでなければ見送りです。\n無視してよいキャンペーン\n不要な商品を作らせるもの、使わないサービスでしか交換できないポイントで還元するもの、条件が何層にも重なって管理が第二の仕事になるものは見送りましょう。最も多い罠は、カードやウォレットの大きな入会ボーナスを取ったあと使わずに放置することです。一度きりのボーナスは継続的なリターンではなく、使わない商品も手数料・セキュリティ・管理の負担を残します。\n規律ある方法は、1つの経済圏に集中して普段の支出にキャンペーンポイントを落とし、通常の買い物と重なる少数のキャンペーンだけにエントリーし、残りは見送ることです。","url":"/ja/points/points-deals-and-campaigns","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:redeem-points-for-travel:ja","entityId":"guide:redeem-points-for-travel","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイントを旅行に使う","plainText":"日常ポイントは旅行予約で約1円ですが、マイルに換えると長距離・上位席で1ポイント1円超になり得ます。ただし実際にその路線に乗る場合だけです。\nポイントを旅行（航空券・鉄道・旅行予約）に換えるのが1円で使うより得になる場面と、交換ロスの避け方。\nポイントで直接旅行予約は通常1ポイント約1円。単純で予測しやすい。\nANA・JALマイルへの交換は1円超になり得るが、適切な交換のときだけ。\nPontaはJALへ、複数の経済圏はANAへ交換できる。まず現在の比率を確認。\n繁忙期の特典枠は少なく、価値を引き出す鍵は日程の柔軟性。\n短い国内移動なら、1円で使う方がマイル交換の手間より得なことが多い。\nポイントが旅行になる2つの道\n道は2つあります。1つ目は、経済圏の旅行サービス（楽天トラベル、dポイント連携予約、旅行代理店でのウォレット決済）でポイントを直接使う方法で、ポイントは1ポイント約1円の現金のように振る舞います。予測しやすく計画不要です。2つ目は、ポイントを航空会社のマイル（ANAマイレージクラブ／JALマイレージバンク）に交換して特典航空券に使う方法で、1ポイントあたりの価値は大きく変動します。\nマイルは旅行が多い生活パターンを評価します。短い国内路線ではマイルの実質価値は1円前後かそれ以下のことが多く、直接使う方が得です。長距離や上位席の特典では1マイルが1円を大きく超えることもありますが、実際に乗りたい日程・路線に空席がある場合だけです。\n交換価値を正しく取る\n交換前に、現在の交換比率と最低交換数を確認しましょう。比率は各プログラムが定めるもので固定ではありません。PontaはJALマイルへ、複数の経済圏はANAへの経路があります。正確な比率が、交換に値するかを決めます。原則として、具体的な使い道が決まったポイントだけを交換します。マイルも他のポイント同様に失効・価値低下し、使わないマイルは直接取れた1円より価値が低いからです。\n繁忙期はカレンダーが開いた最速で特典枠を予約し、閑散期は日程を柔軟にし、マイル価格を現金運賃と比べて、1ポイントあたり本当に1円超の価値になっているか確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/redeem-points-for-travel","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-mile-value","faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-vs-jal","guide:hotel-travel-rewards","guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:redeem-points-for-hotels"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"日常ポイントは旅行予約で約1円ですが、マイルに換えると長距離・上位席で1ポイント1円超になり得ます。ただし実際にその路線に乗る場合だけです。\nポイントを旅行（航空券・鉄道・旅行予約）に換えるのが1円で使うより得になる場面と、交換ロスの避け方。\nポイントで直接旅行予約は通常1ポイント約1円。単純で予測しやすい。\nANA・JALマイルへの交換は1円超になり得るが、適切な交換のときだけ。\nPontaはJALへ、複数の経済圏はANAへ交換できる。まず現在の比率を確認。\n繁忙期の特典枠は少なく、価値を引き出す鍵は日程の柔軟性。\n短い国内移動なら、1円で使う方がマイル交換の手間より得なことが多い。\nポイントが旅行になる2つの道\n道は2つあります。1つ目は、経済圏の旅行サービス（楽天トラベル、dポイント連携予約、旅行代理店でのウォレット決済）でポイントを直接使う方法で、ポイントは1ポイント約1円の現金のように振る舞います。予測しやすく計画不要です。2つ目は、ポイントを航空会社のマイル（ANAマイレージクラブ／JALマイレージバンク）に交換して特典航空券に使う方法で、1ポイントあたりの価値は大きく変動します。\nマイルは旅行が多い生活パターンを評価します。短い国内路線ではマイルの実質価値は1円前後かそれ以下のことが多く、直接使う方が得です。長距離や上位席の特典では1マイルが1円を大きく超えることもありますが、実際に乗りたい日程・路線に空席がある場合だけです。\n交換価値を正しく取る\n交換前に、現在の交換比率と最低交換数を確認しましょう。比率は各プログラムが定めるもので固定ではありません。PontaはJALマイルへ、複数の経済圏はANAへの経路があります。正確な比率が、交換に値するかを決めます。原則として、具体的な使い道が決まったポイントだけを交換します。マイルも他のポイント同様に失効・価値低下し、使わないマイルは直接取れた1円より価値が低いからです。\n繁忙期はカレンダーが開いた最速で特典枠を予約し、閑散期は日程を柔軟にし、マイル価格を現金運賃と比べて、1ポイントあたり本当に1円超の価値になっているか確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/points/redeem-points-for-travel","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:redeem-points-for-cash:ja","entityId":"guide:redeem-points-for-cash","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイントを現金・支払いに使う","plainText":"多くの日本のポイントは現金として引き出せませんが、レジや料金支払いに使えば実質1ポイント1円の現金同等で、最も安全な使い道であることが多いです。\nポイントを現金同等にする方法。レジでの支払い、料金への充当、そして日本で本当の現金化がまれな理由。\nポイントの銀行引き出しはまれ。「現金価値」は約1円で使うこと。\n楽天ペイ・PayPay・d払い・au PAYは店頭でポイントをお金として使える。\nポイントは同じ経済圏内で携帯・光熱費・カード料金に充当できることが多い。\nレジ払いは、失効リスクなく1円の価値を確定する最も簡単な方法。\n期間限定ポイントは、失効前にまずここで使い切るのが最適。\n現金化はまれ。目標は「現金同等」\n一部の海外キャッシュバックカードと違い、日本の主要ポイントは通常、銀行口座への引き出しができません。代わりにあるのが現金同等の支払いです。レジでアプリにポイント利用を指示すると、1ポイントあたり約1円が請求から引かれます。楽天ペイ・PayPay・d払い・au PAYはいずれも加盟店でのポイント払いに対応し、コンビニはほぼどんな残高でも最も確実に使える場所です。\nレジ払いは交換の手間なく1円を実現し、使ってしまえば失効リスクもないため、多くの人にとって最も安全な使い道であり、残高の使い道に迷ったときの正しい既定選択です。\nポイントを料金に充当する\n経済圏の中では、ポイントは継続コストを賄えることが多いです。ドコモ利用者はdポイントを携帯料金に、楽天利用者はカードやサービス料金に充て、ウォレット残高はコード決済で多くの公共料金・税の払込票を精算できます。これは期間限定ポイントの有力な使い道で、先に失効するため通常ポイントより前に使うべきです。\n唯一の注意は、ポイントで料金を払ってもその分に新たなポイントは付かないため、複利的な利点はないことです。純粋な1円の値引きです。それで構いません。実現しないかもしれない高い価値より、確実な1円が勝ります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/redeem-points-for-cash","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback","faq:points-value","faq:rewards-paypay-points-step"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:points-vs-cashback-guide","guide:redeem-points-for-investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Payment","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"多くの日本のポイントは現金として引き出せませんが、レジや料金支払いに使えば実質1ポイント1円の現金同等で、最も安全な使い道であることが多いです。\nポイントを現金同等にする方法。レジでの支払い、料金への充当、そして日本で本当の現金化がまれな理由。\nポイントの銀行引き出しはまれ。「現金価値」は約1円で使うこと。\n楽天ペイ・PayPay・d払い・au PAYは店頭でポイントをお金として使える。\nポイントは同じ経済圏内で携帯・光熱費・カード料金に充当できることが多い。\nレジ払いは、失効リスクなく1円の価値を確定する最も簡単な方法。\n期間限定ポイントは、失効前にまずここで使い切るのが最適。\n現金化はまれ。目標は「現金同等」\n一部の海外キャッシュバックカードと違い、日本の主要ポイントは通常、銀行口座への引き出しができません。代わりにあるのが現金同等の支払いです。レジでアプリにポイント利用を指示すると、1ポイントあたり約1円が請求から引かれます。楽天ペイ・PayPay・d払い・au PAYはいずれも加盟店でのポイント払いに対応し、コンビニはほぼどんな残高でも最も確実に使える場所です。\nレジ払いは交換の手間なく1円を実現し、使ってしまえば失効リスクもないため、多くの人にとって最も安全な使い道であり、残高の使い道に迷ったときの正しい既定選択です。\nポイントを料金に充当する\n経済圏の中では、ポイントは継続コストを賄えることが多いです。ドコモ利用者はdポイントを携帯料金に、楽天利用者はカードやサービス料金に充て、ウォレット残高はコード決済で多くの公共料金・税の払込票を精算できます。これは期間限定ポイントの有力な使い道で、先に失効するため通常ポイントより前に使うべきです。\n唯一の注意は、ポイントで料金を払ってもその分に新たなポイントは付かないため、複利的な利点はないことです。純粋な1円の値引きです。それで構いません。実現しないかもしれない高い価値より、確実な1円が勝ります。","url":"/ja/points/redeem-points-for-cash","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:redeem-points-for-hotels:ja","entityId":"guide:redeem-points-for-hotels","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイントをホテル・宿泊に使う","plainText":"経済圏ポイントは旅行ポータルで約1円で宿泊予約でき、Marriott BonvoyやOne Harmonyなどのホテルロイヤルティは上位宿泊で1円超になり得ますが、そのチェーンの常連の場合だけです。\n経済圏ポイントでの宿泊予約とホテルロイヤルティの比較、そしてそれぞれが得になる場面。\n楽天トラベル・dポイント・ウォレット払いは約1ポイント1円で宿泊予約。\nホテルプログラム（Marriott Bonvoy、オークラ ニッコーのOne Harmony）は1チェーンへの忠誠を評価。\n特典宿泊の価値は季節・カテゴリで変動。繁忙期の宿泊が最も価値を引き出す。\nたまの旅行者には、1円の経済圏交換の方が単純で、たいてい同等以上。\n旅行ポータルのセール＋ポイント＋還元カードの重ね取りで割引が増える。\n経済圏ポイント対ホテルロイヤルティ\n多くの居住者にとって「ポイントでホテルに泊まる」現実的な方法は、旅行ポータルで経済圏ポイントを使うことです。楽天トラベルが最も分かりやすく、dポイントやウォレット残高も多くの施設で使え、1ポイントは約1円です。ステータスもチェーンへの忠誠も不要で、一度きりの旅行でも使えます。ホテルロイヤルティは別のゲームで、Marriott BonvoyやオークラニッコーのOne Harmonyは、1つのチェーンに宿泊を集中する客に特典宿泊やステータス特典で報います。\n正直に比べると、ロイヤルティは上位カテゴリや繁忙期の特典宿泊で1円を超え得ますが、そのチェーンに十分泊まって交換に届く人にしか得になりません。独立系とチェーンを混ぜて泊まるなら、1円の経済圏ルートの方が単純で、たいてい同等以上です。\n宿泊の重ね取りとタイミング\nホテルの価値は割引を重ねると増えます。旅行ポータルのセール中に予約し、残額にポイントを充て、残りを経済圏で貯まるカードで払えば、1回の宿泊でセール価格＋ポイント値引き＋新規カードポイントが生まれます。旅行は計画的な大きな支出で、期限前に大きな残高を吸収できるため、期間限定ポイントに最適です。\n特典宿泊は航空券と同じくタイミングが重要です。繁忙期はロイヤルティから最も価値が出て、閑散期はたいてい経済圏ポイントを1円で使う方が得です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/redeem-points-for-hotels","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-mile-value","faq:points-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:hotel-travel-rewards","guide:redeem-points-for-travel","guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:airline-hotel-status-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Marriott International","url":"https://www.marriott.com/loyalty.mi","official":true},{"publisher":"Okura Nikko Hotels","url":"https://www.oneharmony.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://event.rakuten.co.jp/furusato/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"経済圏ポイントは旅行ポータルで約1円で宿泊予約でき、Marriott BonvoyやOne Harmonyなどのホテルロイヤルティは上位宿泊で1円超になり得ますが、そのチェーンの常連の場合だけです。\n経済圏ポイントでの宿泊予約とホテルロイヤルティの比較、そしてそれぞれが得になる場面。\n楽天トラベル・dポイント・ウォレット払いは約1ポイント1円で宿泊予約。\nホテルプログラム（Marriott Bonvoy、オークラ ニッコーのOne Harmony）は1チェーンへの忠誠を評価。\n特典宿泊の価値は季節・カテゴリで変動。繁忙期の宿泊が最も価値を引き出す。\nたまの旅行者には、1円の経済圏交換の方が単純で、たいてい同等以上。\n旅行ポータルのセール＋ポイント＋還元カードの重ね取りで割引が増える。\n経済圏ポイント対ホテルロイヤルティ\n多くの居住者にとって「ポイントでホテルに泊まる」現実的な方法は、旅行ポータルで経済圏ポイントを使うことです。楽天トラベルが最も分かりやすく、dポイントやウォレット残高も多くの施設で使え、1ポイントは約1円です。ステータスもチェーンへの忠誠も不要で、一度きりの旅行でも使えます。ホテルロイヤルティは別のゲームで、Marriott BonvoyやオークラニッコーのOne Harmonyは、1つのチェーンに宿泊を集中する客に特典宿泊やステータス特典で報います。\n正直に比べると、ロイヤルティは上位カテゴリや繁忙期の特典宿泊で1円を超え得ますが、そのチェーンに十分泊まって交換に届く人にしか得になりません。独立系とチェーンを混ぜて泊まるなら、1円の経済圏ルートの方が単純で、たいてい同等以上です。\n宿泊の重ね取りとタイミング\nホテルの価値は割引を重ねると増えます。旅行ポータルのセール中に予約し、残額にポイントを充て、残りを経済圏で貯まるカードで払えば、1回の宿泊でセール価格＋ポイント値引き＋新規カードポイントが生まれます。旅行は計画的な大きな支出で、期限前に大きな残高を吸収できるため、期間限定ポイントに最適です。\n特典宿泊は航空券と同じくタイミングが重要です。繁忙期はロイヤルティから最も価値が出て、閑散期はたいてい経済圏ポイントを1円で使う方が得です。","url":"/ja/points/redeem-points-for-hotels","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:redeem-points-for-investing:ja","entityId":"guide:redeem-points-for-investing","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイント投資：ポイントを資産に変える","plainText":"楽天・PayPayなどはポイントで運用・投信購入ができ、クレカ積立は毎月の投資でポイントが貯まります。有用ですが、ポイントより投資先ファンドの選択の方がはるかに重要です。\n日本ならではのポイント投資の仕組み（ポイント運用・クレカ積立）と、それが役立つ場面・気を散らす場面。\nポイント運用機能は、遊休ポイントを相場連動させたり投信を買えたりする。\nクレカ積立（楽天証券、SBI/Olive）は毎月の買付でポイントが貯まる。\n積立の還元率はカードのランクと対象ファンド次第。\n投資したポイントも自分のお金。まずファンド・手数料・リスクを判断する。\n積立の還元率のためだけに高いカードへ上げない。必ず計算を。\n日本ならではの2つの機能\n日本には、国際的には珍しいポイント投資の考え方が2つあります。1つ目はウォレットや証券アプリ内の「ポイント運用」で、ポイントを相場指数に連動させたり投信を買ったりでき、遊休ポイントを手軽に働かせられます。2つ目はより重要なクレカ積立で、楽天証券やSBI/Oliveなどは毎月の投信買付をクレジットカードで行い、その支出にポイントが付きます。\nクレカ積立は、どのみち投資するお金にポイントが付くため本当に魅力的ですが、還元率はカードのランクと対象ファンドで変わり、各社は率を随時見直します。見出しの数字を前提にせず、自分のカードとファンドの現在の率を確認しましょう。\n優先順位を崩さない\n投資したポイントも、現実のリスクにさらされた現実のお金です。判断の順序はどの投資とも同じで、まず目的に合った低コストで分散されたファンドを選び、ポイントは小さな追い風として扱い、投資の理由にはしません。NISA口座内なら値上がりは非課税で、これはわずかなポイント率よりも長期的にずっと重要です。\nよくある間違いは、積立の還元率のためだけに年会費の高いカードへ上げることです。計算しましょう。通常の毎月の積立額では、増える年会費が増えるポイントを上回ることが多いです。ポイントは良い投資行動へのおまけであり、その代わりには決してなりません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/redeem-points-for-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-value","faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:redeem-points-guide","guide:redeem-points-for-cash","guide:bank-brokerage-rewards","guide:maximize-points-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天証券株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/creditmode/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"楽天・PayPayなどはポイントで運用・投信購入ができ、クレカ積立は毎月の投資でポイントが貯まります。有用ですが、ポイントより投資先ファンドの選択の方がはるかに重要です。\n日本ならではのポイント投資の仕組み（ポイント運用・クレカ積立）と、それが役立つ場面・気を散らす場面。\nポイント運用機能は、遊休ポイントを相場連動させたり投信を買えたりする。\nクレカ積立（楽天証券、SBI/Olive）は毎月の買付でポイントが貯まる。\n積立の還元率はカードのランクと対象ファンド次第。\n投資したポイントも自分のお金。まずファンド・手数料・リスクを判断する。\n積立の還元率のためだけに高いカードへ上げない。必ず計算を。\n日本ならではの2つの機能\n日本には、国際的には珍しいポイント投資の考え方が2つあります。1つ目はウォレットや証券アプリ内の「ポイント運用」で、ポイントを相場指数に連動させたり投信を買ったりでき、遊休ポイントを手軽に働かせられます。2つ目はより重要なクレカ積立で、楽天証券やSBI/Oliveなどは毎月の投信買付をクレジットカードで行い、その支出にポイントが付きます。\nクレカ積立は、どのみち投資するお金にポイントが付くため本当に魅力的ですが、還元率はカードのランクと対象ファンドで変わり、各社は率を随時見直します。見出しの数字を前提にせず、自分のカードとファンドの現在の率を確認しましょう。\n優先順位を崩さない\n投資したポイントも、現実のリスクにさらされた現実のお金です。判断の順序はどの投資とも同じで、まず目的に合った低コストで分散されたファンドを選び、ポイントは小さな追い風として扱い、投資の理由にはしません。NISA口座内なら値上がりは非課税で、これはわずかなポイント率よりも長期的にずっと重要です。\nよくある間違いは、積立の還元率のためだけに年会費の高いカードへ上げることです。計算しましょう。通常の毎月の積立額では、増える年会費が増えるポイントを上回ることが多いです。ポイントは良い投資行動へのおまけであり、その代わりには決してなりません。","url":"/ja/points/redeem-points-for-investing","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:credit-card-perks-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:credit-card-perks-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のクレジットカード会員特典・付帯サービス","plainText":"ゴールド・プラチナは空港ラウンジ（Priority Pass経由が多い）・付帯保険・コンシェルジュなどを追加します。特典を年会費分使う場合だけ得で、一部のゴールドは利用で年会費が無料化されます。\nカードの会員ランクが実際に何をくれるか（ラウンジ・付帯保険・コンシェルジュ）と、年会費のあるカードが得になる場面。\n特典はランクで増える。ラウンジ・付帯保険・コンシェルジュ・利用ボーナス。\n空港ラウンジは上位ランクでPriority Pass経由のことが多い。\n一部のゴールドは年間利用額の条件達成で年会費が無料化。\n付帯保険の条件は様々。「自動付帯」と「利用付帯」は別物。\n使わない特典は利点ではない。実際に必要な特典でカードを評価する。\n各ランクが実際にくれるもの\n還元率以外に、カードは年会費に応じて増える会員特典を売っています。一般カードは還元中心、ゴールドは通常、国内空港ラウンジ・高い保険限度額・利用ボーナスを追加し、プラチナはコンシェルジュ・海外ラウンジのPriority Pass・グルメ特典・家族カード無料などを加えます。MoneyInJapanのカード調査はこれをランク別に整理しており、宣伝ではなく実際に解放される特典に年会費を対応させられます。\n日本特有の2点を知っておく価値があります。1つ目は、複数のゴールドが年間利用額の条件達成で年会費が永年無料になることです。三井住友のゴールドNLは100万円で無料化し年間ボーナスが付き、エポスゴールドはより低い条件で無料化します。安定して使う人には、年会費ありのカードが実質無料になります。2つ目は、上位カードのラウンジがPriority Pass経由のことが多く、同伴者や利用回数の条件がカードで異なることです。\n年会費を払う価値があるとき\n年会費ありのカードは、本当に使う特典で評価します。年に2〜3回海外に行くなら、Priority Passのラウンジと付帯保険で簡単にプラチナの年会費を超え得ます。めったに飛ばないなら、その年会費は無駄です。保険条件はよく読みましょう。「自動付帯」はカードを持つだけで適用され、「利用付帯」はその旅行をそのカードで払った場合のみ適用で、限度額や条件は発行会社で異なります。\n規律あるテスト：実際に使う特典を挙げ、控えめに価値づけし、達成できる利用額による年会費無料化を差し引き、残りを実質年会費と比べます。必要な特典が年会費を超えないなら、年会費無料カード＋別途購入の保険の方がたいてい安上がりです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/credit-card-perks-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent"],"products":["product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:best-credit-cards-by-category","guide:airline-hotel-status-japan","guide:saison-gold-amex","guide:maximize-points-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/gold-numberless.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Marui / Epos","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"ゴールド・プラチナは空港ラウンジ（Priority Pass経由が多い）・付帯保険・コンシェルジュなどを追加します。特典を年会費分使う場合だけ得で、一部のゴールドは利用で年会費が無料化されます。\nカードの会員ランクが実際に何をくれるか（ラウンジ・付帯保険・コンシェルジュ）と、年会費のあるカードが得になる場面。\n特典はランクで増える。ラウンジ・付帯保険・コンシェルジュ・利用ボーナス。\n空港ラウンジは上位ランクでPriority Pass経由のことが多い。\n一部のゴールドは年間利用額の条件達成で年会費が無料化。\n付帯保険の条件は様々。「自動付帯」と「利用付帯」は別物。\n使わない特典は利点ではない。実際に必要な特典でカードを評価する。\n各ランクが実際にくれるもの\n還元率以外に、カードは年会費に応じて増える会員特典を売っています。一般カードは還元中心、ゴールドは通常、国内空港ラウンジ・高い保険限度額・利用ボーナスを追加し、プラチナはコンシェルジュ・海外ラウンジのPriority Pass・グルメ特典・家族カード無料などを加えます。MoneyInJapanのカード調査はこれをランク別に整理しており、宣伝ではなく実際に解放される特典に年会費を対応させられます。\n日本特有の2点を知っておく価値があります。1つ目は、複数のゴールドが年間利用額の条件達成で年会費が永年無料になることです。三井住友のゴールドNLは100万円で無料化し年間ボーナスが付き、エポスゴールドはより低い条件で無料化します。安定して使う人には、年会費ありのカードが実質無料になります。2つ目は、上位カードのラウンジがPriority Pass経由のことが多く、同伴者や利用回数の条件がカードで異なることです。\n年会費を払う価値があるとき\n年会費ありのカードは、本当に使う特典で評価します。年に2〜3回海外に行くなら、Priority Passのラウンジと付帯保険で簡単にプラチナの年会費を超え得ます。めったに飛ばないなら、その年会費は無駄です。保険条件はよく読みましょう。「自動付帯」はカードを持つだけで適用され、「利用付帯」はその旅行をそのカードで払った場合のみ適用で、限度額や条件は発行会社で異なります。\n規律あるテスト：実際に使う特典を挙げ、控えめに価値づけし、達成できる利用額による年会費無料化を差し引き、残りを実質年会費と比べます。必要な特典が年会費を超えないなら、年会費無料カード＋別途購入の保険の方がたいてい安上がりです。","url":"/ja/points/credit-card-perks-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:airline-hotel-status-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:airline-hotel-status-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"航空・ホテルのステータス：狙う価値はある？","plainText":"ステータスは主に搭乗・宿泊で獲得し、ポイントでは得られず、頻繁に旅行する人にしか報われません。多くの居住者には、ステータス狙いよりポイント・マイルを上手に使う方がはるかに重要です。\nANA・JAL・ホテルプログラムでのステータスの仕組み、得られるもの、そして努力が報われる場面。\nステータスは搭乗・宿泊の実績から得られ、ポイント消費では得られない。\nANA・JALのランクは、有料旅行で優先・ラウンジ・ボーナスマイルを付与。\nホテルステータス（例：Marriott Bonvoy）はアップグレード・レイトチェックアウト・ボーナス。\n使わないステータス狙い（修行）は、たいてい見返りより高くつく。\n多くの居住者には良い交換がステータスに勝る。よく飛ぶなら再検討。\nステータスの獲得方法と得られるもの\nANAマイレージクラブやJALマイレージバンクのステータスは、1年間で測る旅行実績で獲得します。対象の有料運賃で多く飛ぶほどランクが上がります。ステータスはポイントで買うものではなく、ポイントやマイルは報酬の通貨、ステータスは搭乗量の評価です。見返りに、上位ランクは優先チェックイン・優先搭乗・ラウンジ・有料便のボーナスマイルを与えます。Marriott Bonvoyなどのホテルプログラムも宿泊数で同様に働き、アップグレード・レイトチェックアウト・獲得ボーナスを与えます。\n一部の上位カードは、入門レベルのホテルステータスやラウンジ利用を特典として近道で与えます。これは会員特典ガイドで扱いますが、航空会社の上級会員は通常、カード保有ではなく搭乗で獲得します。\nステータスを狙う価値があるとき\nステータスは、普段の旅行で自然に得られるときに報われます。仕事や家族で頻繁に飛ぶなら、優先・ラウンジ・ボーナスマイルは、どのみち行く旅行に対する実際の価値です。罠は「修行」で、ランク到達のためだけに不要な旅行を買うことです。これはほぼ常に特典の見返りより高くつき、ポイント戦略を壊すのと同じ使いすぎの間違いです。\nたまに旅行する多数派の居住者には、交換の技術に集中する方が得です。日常ポイントはきれいに1円で使い、1ポイント1円を超える特定の特典航空券のときだけマイルに交換します。ステータスは、既存の旅行が正直な計算で条件を超えるときだけ狙いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/airline-hotel-status-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","faq:rewards-mile-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:ana-vs-jal","guide:hotel-travel-rewards","guide:credit-card-perks-japan","guide:redeem-points-for-travel"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true},{"publisher":"Marriott International","url":"https://www.marriott.com/loyalty.mi","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"ステータスは主に搭乗・宿泊で獲得し、ポイントでは得られず、頻繁に旅行する人にしか報われません。多くの居住者には、ステータス狙いよりポイント・マイルを上手に使う方がはるかに重要です。\nANA・JAL・ホテルプログラムでのステータスの仕組み、得られるもの、そして努力が報われる場面。\nステータスは搭乗・宿泊の実績から得られ、ポイント消費では得られない。\nANA・JALのランクは、有料旅行で優先・ラウンジ・ボーナスマイルを付与。\nホテルステータス（例：Marriott Bonvoy）はアップグレード・レイトチェックアウト・ボーナス。\n使わないステータス狙い（修行）は、たいてい見返りより高くつく。\n多くの居住者には良い交換がステータスに勝る。よく飛ぶなら再検討。\nステータスの獲得方法と得られるもの\nANAマイレージクラブやJALマイレージバンクのステータスは、1年間で測る旅行実績で獲得します。対象の有料運賃で多く飛ぶほどランクが上がります。ステータスはポイントで買うものではなく、ポイントやマイルは報酬の通貨、ステータスは搭乗量の評価です。見返りに、上位ランクは優先チェックイン・優先搭乗・ラウンジ・有料便のボーナスマイルを与えます。Marriott Bonvoyなどのホテルプログラムも宿泊数で同様に働き、アップグレード・レイトチェックアウト・獲得ボーナスを与えます。\n一部の上位カードは、入門レベルのホテルステータスやラウンジ利用を特典として近道で与えます。これは会員特典ガイドで扱いますが、航空会社の上級会員は通常、カード保有ではなく搭乗で獲得します。\nステータスを狙う価値があるとき\nステータスは、普段の旅行で自然に得られるときに報われます。仕事や家族で頻繁に飛ぶなら、優先・ラウンジ・ボーナスマイルは、どのみち行く旅行に対する実際の価値です。罠は「修行」で、ランク到達のためだけに不要な旅行を買うことです。これはほぼ常に特典の見返りより高くつき、ポイント戦略を壊すのと同じ使いすぎの間違いです。\nたまに旅行する多数派の居住者には、交換の技術に集中する方が得です。日常ポイントはきれいに1円で使い、1ポイント1円を超える特定の特典航空券のときだけマイルに交換します。ステータスは、既存の旅行が正直な計算で条件を超えるときだけ狙いましょう。","url":"/ja/points/airline-hotel-status-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:maximize-points-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:maximize-points-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本でポイントを最大化する方法","plainText":"銀行・カード・携帯に合う経済圏に集中し、還元カード＋コード決済＋店舗ポイントを正当に重ね取りし、価値の実る使い道で使う。効果は一貫性から生まれ、キャンペーン追いからではない。\n実践的な手引き：経済圏を1つに集中し、カード＋コード＋店舗ポイントを正当に重ね取りし、実質価値で使う。使いすぎずに。\n集めるより集中：弱い経済圏を複数より、強い1つ。\n正当な重ね取り＝還元カードで、コードアプリ経由で、店舗ポイントを提示して払う。\n基盤を自動化：毎回の支払いで既定のカード・ウォレット・ポイントアプリ。\n期間限定ポイントを先に使う。通常ポイントより先に失効する。\n還元計算ツールで、見出しではなく実質還元率でカードを比較する。\nステップ1：経済圏を1つに集中する\n最大のレバーは集中です。すでに使っている銀行・持っているカード・携帯プランに合う経済圏（楽天・PayPay・dポイント・Vポイント）を1つ選び、通常の支出をできるだけそこに通します。集中は残高を失効ラインより上に保ち、楽天SPUやPayPayステップのような段階プログラムでランクを上げ、貯めたポイントを実際に買い物する場所で使えるようにします。複数の経済圏に薄く広げると逆で、小さな残高が失効し、有用な交換に届きません。\nこの選択は経済圏選びのガイドで詳しく扱います。最大化の手引きは、それを済ませた前提です。\nステップ2：正当に重ね取りし、自動化する\n正当な重ね取りは抜け道ではなく、各層を1回ずつ使うことです。経済圏で貯まるカードで払い、コード決済アプリ（楽天ペイ・PayPay・d払い・au PAY）を経由し、レジで対応する店舗ポイントを提示します。正しく行えば、操作なしに1回の買い物で2〜3重の還元が付きます。鍵は基盤の自動化で、毎回の取引で起きるようにすることです。既定のカード1枚・ウォレット1つ・ポイントアプリ1つを設定すれば、最大化に日々の判断は不要になります。\n還元計算ツールで、広告の見出しではなく上限・手数料後の実質還元率でカードを比較し、あなたの支出水準で年会費ありのカードが無料カードを本当に上回るか確認しましょう。\nステップ3：価値の実る使い道で使う\n貯めるのは仕事の半分にすぎず、価値は交換で実現します。期間限定ポイントは最も早く失効するので先に使い、できればレジできれいに1円で使います。マイル交換は1ポイント1円を明らかに超える特定の特典航空券に限り、経済圏ポイントは1円でホテル・現金同等のレジ払い・自分に合えばポイント投資に使います。すべてのステップを貫くのは規律です。この戦略はどのみち行う支出に乗るから機能し、特典を追って余計に使った瞬間に破綻します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/maximize-points-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-stacking","faq:rewards-beginner-program","faq:points-which-ecosystem"],"products":["product:rakuten-card"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:points-deals-and-campaigns","guide:best-credit-cards-by-category"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"銀行・カード・携帯に合う経済圏に集中し、還元カード＋コード決済＋店舗ポイントを正当に重ね取りし、価値の実る使い道で使う。効果は一貫性から生まれ、キャンペーン追いからではない。\n実践的な手引き：経済圏を1つに集中し、カード＋コード＋店舗ポイントを正当に重ね取りし、実質価値で使う。使いすぎずに。\n集めるより集中：弱い経済圏を複数より、強い1つ。\n正当な重ね取り＝還元カードで、コードアプリ経由で、店舗ポイントを提示して払う。\n基盤を自動化：毎回の支払いで既定のカード・ウォレット・ポイントアプリ。\n期間限定ポイントを先に使う。通常ポイントより先に失効する。\n還元計算ツールで、見出しではなく実質還元率でカードを比較する。\nステップ1：経済圏を1つに集中する\n最大のレバーは集中です。すでに使っている銀行・持っているカード・携帯プランに合う経済圏（楽天・PayPay・dポイント・Vポイント）を1つ選び、通常の支出をできるだけそこに通します。集中は残高を失効ラインより上に保ち、楽天SPUやPayPayステップのような段階プログラムでランクを上げ、貯めたポイントを実際に買い物する場所で使えるようにします。複数の経済圏に薄く広げると逆で、小さな残高が失効し、有用な交換に届きません。\nこの選択は経済圏選びのガイドで詳しく扱います。最大化の手引きは、それを済ませた前提です。\nステップ2：正当に重ね取りし、自動化する\n正当な重ね取りは抜け道ではなく、各層を1回ずつ使うことです。経済圏で貯まるカードで払い、コード決済アプリ（楽天ペイ・PayPay・d払い・au PAY）を経由し、レジで対応する店舗ポイントを提示します。正しく行えば、操作なしに1回の買い物で2〜3重の還元が付きます。鍵は基盤の自動化で、毎回の取引で起きるようにすることです。既定のカード1枚・ウォレット1つ・ポイントアプリ1つを設定すれば、最大化に日々の判断は不要になります。\n還元計算ツールで、広告の見出しではなく上限・手数料後の実質還元率でカードを比較し、あなたの支出水準で年会費ありのカードが無料カードを本当に上回るか確認しましょう。\nステップ3：価値の実る使い道で使う\n貯めるのは仕事の半分にすぎず、価値は交換で実現します。期間限定ポイントは最も早く失効するので先に使い、できればレジできれいに1円で使います。マイル交換は1ポイント1円を明らかに超える特定の特典航空券に限り、経済圏ポイントは1円でホテル・現金同等のレジ払い・自分に合えばポイント投資に使います。すべてのステップを貫くのは規律です。この戦略はどのみち行う支出に乗るから機能し、特典を追って余計に使った瞬間に破綻します。","url":"/ja/points/maximize-points-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:points-glossary:ja","entityId":"guide:points-glossary","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイント・特典用語集：重要な日本語の用語","plainText":"この用語集は日本の特典で繰り返し出る用語（通常・期間限定ポイント、基本・実質還元率、経済圏、重ね取り、積立、マイル交換）を定義し、ハブの他ページを読みやすくします。\n日本のポイントプログラムで出会う用語を平易に定義。期間限定ポイントからSPU、積立、タッチ決済まで。\n通常ポイントは長持ち、期間限定ポイントは早く失効。先に使う。\n基本還元率は広告値、実質還元率は上限・手数料後に残る分。\n「経済圏」は銀行・カード・ウォレット・携帯を1つのポイント通貨で結ぶ。\n重ね取りはカード・コード決済・店舗ポイントを1回の買い物に正当に重ねること。\n積立はクレカで行う毎月の投資で、ポイントも付き得る。\nポイントの種類と価値\n通常ポイントは標準の残高で、通常1〜2年有効、経済圏内で1ポイント約1円で使えます。期間限定ポイントは数週間〜数か月で失効し、限られたサービスでしか使えないこともあるキャンペーンポイントで、必ず先に使います。基本還元率は広告上の付与（カードで1%が多い）、実質還元率は上限・端数・除外・手数料・現実的な交換の後に実際に残る分です。価値低下は、プログラムが時間とともに交換価値を下げたり必要ポイントを上げたりすることで、だからポイントの貯め込みは危険です。\n経済圏・重ね取り・決済\n経済圏は、銀行・カード・ウォレット・買い物サイト・携帯プランが1つのポイント通貨を共有する連携した集まりで、楽天・PayPay・dポイント・Vポイントが四大です。重ね取り（二重取り・三重取り）は、還元カードで、コード決済アプリを経由し、店舗ポイントを提示して、1回の買い物で正当に2〜3重の還元を得ることです。SPU（スーパーポイントアップ）は、使うサービスが増えるほど率が上がる楽天の段階プログラムで、PayPayステップはPayPay版です。タッチ決済は非接触のカード・スマホ決済で、対象条件はスマホの非接触と物理カードのタッチ、iD/QUICPayを区別することが多いです。\n旅行・投資の用語\nマイルはANAマイレージクラブやJALマイレージバンクの航空ロイヤルティ通貨で、マイル交換は経済圏ポイントを一定比率でマイルに換えることを指し、1マイルの価値は交換で大きく変わります。特典航空券は現金ではなくマイルで予約した座席です。積立は毎月の累積投資で、クレカ積立はクレジットカードで毎月の投信買付を行いその支出にポイントが付くものです。ふるさと納税は、返礼品と、経済圏プラットフォームではポイントを返し、住民税・所得税を相殺する寄付制度です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/points-glossary","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:rewards-limited-time","faq:rewards-stacking","faq:points-value"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-points-are-earned","guide:point-value-expiry","guide:stacking-credit-qr-store","guide:maximize-points-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/about/point/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"この用語集は日本の特典で繰り返し出る用語（通常・期間限定ポイント、基本・実質還元率、経済圏、重ね取り、積立、マイル交換）を定義し、ハブの他ページを読みやすくします。\n日本のポイントプログラムで出会う用語を平易に定義。期間限定ポイントからSPU、積立、タッチ決済まで。\n通常ポイントは長持ち、期間限定ポイントは早く失効。先に使う。\n基本還元率は広告値、実質還元率は上限・手数料後に残る分。\n「経済圏」は銀行・カード・ウォレット・携帯を1つのポイント通貨で結ぶ。\n重ね取りはカード・コード決済・店舗ポイントを1回の買い物に正当に重ねること。\n積立はクレカで行う毎月の投資で、ポイントも付き得る。\nポイントの種類と価値\n通常ポイントは標準の残高で、通常1〜2年有効、経済圏内で1ポイント約1円で使えます。期間限定ポイントは数週間〜数か月で失効し、限られたサービスでしか使えないこともあるキャンペーンポイントで、必ず先に使います。基本還元率は広告上の付与（カードで1%が多い）、実質還元率は上限・端数・除外・手数料・現実的な交換の後に実際に残る分です。価値低下は、プログラムが時間とともに交換価値を下げたり必要ポイントを上げたりすることで、だからポイントの貯め込みは危険です。\n経済圏・重ね取り・決済\n経済圏は、銀行・カード・ウォレット・買い物サイト・携帯プランが1つのポイント通貨を共有する連携した集まりで、楽天・PayPay・dポイント・Vポイントが四大です。重ね取り（二重取り・三重取り）は、還元カードで、コード決済アプリを経由し、店舗ポイントを提示して、1回の買い物で正当に2〜3重の還元を得ることです。SPU（スーパーポイントアップ）は、使うサービスが増えるほど率が上がる楽天の段階プログラムで、PayPayステップはPayPay版です。タッチ決済は非接触のカード・スマホ決済で、対象条件はスマホの非接触と物理カードのタッチ、iD/QUICPayを区別することが多いです。\n旅行・投資の用語\nマイルはANAマイレージクラブやJALマイレージバンクの航空ロイヤルティ通貨で、マイル交換は経済圏ポイントを一定比率でマイルに換えることを指し、1マイルの価値は交換で大きく変わります。特典航空券は現金ではなくマイルで予約した座席です。積立は毎月の累積投資で、クレカ積立はクレジットカードで毎月の投信買付を行いその支出にポイントが付くものです。ふるさと納税は、返礼品と、経済圏プラットフォームではポイントを返し、住民税・所得税を相殺する寄付制度です。","url":"/ja/points/points-glossary","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:how-international-transfers-work:ja","entityId":"guide:how-international-transfers-work","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外送金の仕組み","plainText":"海外送金は、資金の受け渡し・両替・メッセージ送信・コンプライアンス確認・中継処理・受取という一連の連鎖です。ある段階の手数料が安くても、総コストが安いとは限りません。\n送金の裏側にある一連の流れ（資金の受け渡し・両替・メッセージ送信・中継銀行・受取）と、表示手数料の安さが総コストの安さと同じではない理由。\n送金は単一の商品ではありません。資金の受け渡し・両替・メッセージ送信・決済・コンプライアンス・中継処理・最終受取の連鎖です。\n銀行送金は、円を銀行の対顧客レートで両替し、SWIFTメッセージを送り、各段階で手数料を差し引きうる中継銀行を通じて決済します。\n送金プラットフォームは、日本国内で円を集め、海外では現地で支払うことが多く、一部の中継手数料を避けられます。\n正しい比較単位は、宣伝される送金手数料ではなく、「同じ引落総額に対して受取人がいくら受け取るか」です。\n送金は「連鎖」であって単一手数料ではない\n海外送金は一つの商品ではなく、連鎖です。資金の受け渡し（自分のお金を業者に渡す）、両替、メッセージ送信、コンプライアンス・制裁確認、中継処理、受取銀行の処理、そして最終的な入金または現金受取。各段階で時間とコストが加わりえます。\nコストが連鎖全体に散らばるため、ある段階の表示手数料が安い（「送金手数料0円」）からといって総額が安いとは限りません。無料をうたっていても、為替レートが悪ければ、1,000円を取る業者より高くつくことがあります。\n通常の銀行送金（電信送金）の流れ\n銀行送金は通常この順序で進みます。受取人と送金目的の情報を提出→銀行が当事者と取引を審査→外貨を持ち込まない限り円を対顧客レートで両替→SWIFTの支払メッセージを送信→直接の取引関係がない銀行同士をコルレス（中継）銀行が決済→受取銀行が独自の確認→途中で手数料が差し引かれ→残額が入金されます。\n途中の各中継銀行は、受取人に届く前に取扱手数料を差し引きえます。たとえばゆうちょ銀行は、対象となる米ドル・ユーロの受取に定額の中継銀行控除を明示し、さらに追加の中継手数料が生じうると注意しています。\n送金プラットフォームはどこが違うか\nプラットフォーム送金は、小口向けのSWIFT連鎖を丸ごと使わないことが多いです。日本国内の銀行網（全銀システムが中心）で円を集め、通貨ニーズを内部で相殺・ヘッジし、受取国では現地で支払う仕組みです。これにより中継控除の回数を減らし、アプリ上で受取額を事前に提示できます。\nそれでも業者は本人確認・制裁スクリーニング・取引モニタリング・資金源の確認を行います。「数分」といった速さは、通常の入金・コンプライアンス・銀行営業時間・受取代理店の在庫を前提とした見積であり、保証ではありません。\n唯一「正直」な比較方法\nコストが連鎖全体に隠れるため、比較は「同じ引落総額・同じ通貨・同じ受取先と受取方法・同じ資金調達・同じ時刻」での受取額で行いましょう。この一つの数字が、送金手数料・為替マージン・予測可能な控除をまとめて捉えます。\n手数料の内訳、為替マージン、見積の比較方法の各ページを使い、送金前に繰り返し使えるワークシートに落とし込みましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/how-international-transfers-work","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:transfer-fees-explained","guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:compare-transfer-quotes","guide:swift-transfers-explained"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SWIFT","url":"https://www.swift.com/about-us","official":false},{"publisher":"SWIFT","url":"https://www.swift.com/our-solutions/swift-gpi","official":false},{"publisher":"Japanese Banks’ Payment Clearing Network","url":"https://www.zengin-net.jp/","official":false},{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"海外送金は、資金の受け渡し・両替・メッセージ送信・コンプライアンス確認・中継処理・受取という一連の連鎖です。ある段階の手数料が安くても、総コストが安いとは限りません。\n送金の裏側にある一連の流れ（資金の受け渡し・両替・メッセージ送信・中継銀行・受取）と、表示手数料の安さが総コストの安さと同じではない理由。\n送金は単一の商品ではありません。資金の受け渡し・両替・メッセージ送信・決済・コンプライアンス・中継処理・最終受取の連鎖です。\n銀行送金は、円を銀行の対顧客レートで両替し、SWIFTメッセージを送り、各段階で手数料を差し引きうる中継銀行を通じて決済します。\n送金プラットフォームは、日本国内で円を集め、海外では現地で支払うことが多く、一部の中継手数料を避けられます。\n正しい比較単位は、宣伝される送金手数料ではなく、「同じ引落総額に対して受取人がいくら受け取るか」です。\n送金は「連鎖」であって単一手数料ではない\n海外送金は一つの商品ではなく、連鎖です。資金の受け渡し（自分のお金を業者に渡す）、両替、メッセージ送信、コンプライアンス・制裁確認、中継処理、受取銀行の処理、そして最終的な入金または現金受取。各段階で時間とコストが加わりえます。\nコストが連鎖全体に散らばるため、ある段階の表示手数料が安い（「送金手数料0円」）からといって総額が安いとは限りません。無料をうたっていても、為替レートが悪ければ、1,000円を取る業者より高くつくことがあります。\n通常の銀行送金（電信送金）の流れ\n銀行送金は通常この順序で進みます。受取人と送金目的の情報を提出→銀行が当事者と取引を審査→外貨を持ち込まない限り円を対顧客レートで両替→SWIFTの支払メッセージを送信→直接の取引関係がない銀行同士をコルレス（中継）銀行が決済→受取銀行が独自の確認→途中で手数料が差し引かれ→残額が入金されます。\n途中の各中継銀行は、受取人に届く前に取扱手数料を差し引きえます。たとえばゆうちょ銀行は、対象となる米ドル・ユーロの受取に定額の中継銀行控除を明示し、さらに追加の中継手数料が生じうると注意しています。\n送金プラットフォームはどこが違うか\nプラットフォーム送金は、小口向けのSWIFT連鎖を丸ごと使わないことが多いです。日本国内の銀行網（全銀システムが中心）で円を集め、通貨ニーズを内部で相殺・ヘッジし、受取国では現地で支払う仕組みです。これにより中継控除の回数を減らし、アプリ上で受取額を事前に提示できます。\nそれでも業者は本人確認・制裁スクリーニング・取引モニタリング・資金源の確認を行います。「数分」といった速さは、通常の入金・コンプライアンス・銀行営業時間・受取代理店の在庫を前提とした見積であり、保証ではありません。\n唯一「正直」な比較方法\nコストが連鎖全体に隠れるため、比較は「同じ引落総額・同じ通貨・同じ受取先と受取方法・同じ資金調達・同じ時刻」での受取額で行いましょう。この一つの数字が、送金手数料・為替マージン・予測可能な控除をまとめて捉えます。\n手数料の内訳、為替マージン、見積の比較方法の各ページを使い、送金前に繰り返し使えるワークシートに落とし込みましょう。","url":"/ja/remittance/how-international-transfers-work","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:transfer-fees-explained:ja","entityId":"guide:transfer-fees-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外送金の手数料を分解する","plainText":"送金の総実効コストは、宣伝される手数料だけでなく、送金手数料＋入金手数料＋為替差損＋中継控除＋受取銀行手数料＋引出手数料＋返金・調査費用の合計です。\n海外送金で発生しうるすべての費用（送金手数料・入金手数料・リフティングチャージ・中継/受取手数料・引出/返金費用）と、それらを一つの総実効コストにまとめる方法。\n宣伝される送金手数料は一項目にすぎません。為替マージンの方が大きいことが多いです。\nリフティングチャージは、銀行が通常の両替をせずに送金を扱う場合（同一通貨や円建ての国際送金など）にかかります。\n中継（コルレス）銀行や受取人の銀行は、送金側の業者が事前に把握できない手数料を差し引きえます。\n総実効コスト＝送金手数料＋入金手数料＋為替差損＋中継控除＋受取手数料＋引出手数料＋返金/調査費用。\n出会いうる費用\n送金手数料：送金を始めるために業者が別途表示する料金。定額・定率・段階制・プロモーション・レート内包などがあります。\n入金（資金調達）手数料：支払方法に応じた追加費用。特にカード払いは加盟店手数料が乗ったりキャッシングとして扱われたりします。銀行振込での入金は通常より安いです。\nリフティングチャージ（外貨取扱手数料）：銀行が通常の両替をしない場合（同一通貨や円建ての国際送金など）の取扱手数料。日本の複数の銀行が概ね0.05%・最低2,500円前後で提示します。\n中継銀行手数料：途中のコルレス銀行が、到着前に取扱手数料を差し引きえます。\n受取銀行手数料：受取人の銀行が、送金側業者には見えない被仕向・リフティング・両替・入金手数料を課すことがあります。\n引出・受取手数料：現金受取、ATM引出、ウォレットからの出金には、それぞれ手数料がかかりえます。\n返金・調査費用：送金が戻ると、返金は手数料や不利な為替変動を差し引いた後の額になりえます。\n一つの数字にまとめる\n総実効コスト＝送金手数料＋入金手数料＋為替差損＋中継控除＋受取手数料＋引出/ATM手数料＋返金・調査費用。この総額だけが、業者を公平に順位づけできます。\n実務では、見える費用（送金手数料・公表FXマージン）と、推定になる費用（中継・受取控除）を分けましょう。見えない控除をゼロと決めつけず、確定コストを示したうえで不確実部分を幅で表すのが正しいやり方です。\n小口は定額手数料が、大口は為替マージンが効く\n小口では、定額の送金・中継・受取手数料が金額に対して大きな割合になるため、中継控除を避けられる専門業者が有利なことが多いです。大口では定額手数料は小さくなり、為替マージンが支配的になります。よって、送金手数料を削るより、為替レートを交渉する・同時刻の複数見積を取る方が節約になります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/transfer-fees-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-international-transfers-work","guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:intermediary-bank-fees","guide:our-sha-ben-fees"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/fees/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"送金の総実効コストは、宣伝される手数料だけでなく、送金手数料＋入金手数料＋為替差損＋中継控除＋受取銀行手数料＋引出手数料＋返金・調査費用の合計です。\n海外送金で発生しうるすべての費用（送金手数料・入金手数料・リフティングチャージ・中継/受取手数料・引出/返金費用）と、それらを一つの総実効コストにまとめる方法。\n宣伝される送金手数料は一項目にすぎません。為替マージンの方が大きいことが多いです。\nリフティングチャージは、銀行が通常の両替をせずに送金を扱う場合（同一通貨や円建ての国際送金など）にかかります。\n中継（コルレス）銀行や受取人の銀行は、送金側の業者が事前に把握できない手数料を差し引きえます。\n総実効コスト＝送金手数料＋入金手数料＋為替差損＋中継控除＋受取手数料＋引出手数料＋返金/調査費用。\n出会いうる費用\n送金手数料：送金を始めるために業者が別途表示する料金。定額・定率・段階制・プロモーション・レート内包などがあります。\n入金（資金調達）手数料：支払方法に応じた追加費用。特にカード払いは加盟店手数料が乗ったりキャッシングとして扱われたりします。銀行振込での入金は通常より安いです。\nリフティングチャージ（外貨取扱手数料）：銀行が通常の両替をしない場合（同一通貨や円建ての国際送金など）の取扱手数料。日本の複数の銀行が概ね0.05%・最低2,500円前後で提示します。\n中継銀行手数料：途中のコルレス銀行が、到着前に取扱手数料を差し引きえます。\n受取銀行手数料：受取人の銀行が、送金側業者には見えない被仕向・リフティング・両替・入金手数料を課すことがあります。\n引出・受取手数料：現金受取、ATM引出、ウォレットからの出金には、それぞれ手数料がかかりえます。\n返金・調査費用：送金が戻ると、返金は手数料や不利な為替変動を差し引いた後の額になりえます。\n一つの数字にまとめる\n総実効コスト＝送金手数料＋入金手数料＋為替差損＋中継控除＋受取手数料＋引出/ATM手数料＋返金・調査費用。この総額だけが、業者を公平に順位づけできます。\n実務では、見える費用（送金手数料・公表FXマージン）と、推定になる費用（中継・受取控除）を分けましょう。見えない控除をゼロと決めつけず、確定コストを示したうえで不確実部分を幅で表すのが正しいやり方です。\n小口は定額手数料が、大口は為替マージンが効く\n小口では、定額の送金・中継・受取手数料が金額に対して大きな割合になるため、中継控除を避けられる専門業者が有利なことが多いです。大口では定額手数料は小さくなり、為替マージンが支配的になります。よって、送金手数料を削るより、為替レートを交渉する・同時刻の複数見積を取る方が節約になります。","url":"/ja/remittance/transfer-fees-explained","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups:ja","entityId":"guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"為替レートと隠れた為替マージン","plainText":"仲値は卸売価格の中立な中間値です。銀行や業者はそこにマージン（スプレッド）を上乗せします。そのマージンは |業者レート ÷ 仲値 − 1| × 100 で測れます。\n仲値とは何か、日本の銀行のTTS/TTBとスプレッドの仕組み、そして業者の為替マージンを計算して「隠れコスト」を見える化する方法。\n仲値（インターバンクレート）は卸売の売買の中間値で、ベンチマークであり保証された小売レートではありません。\n日本の銀行は、円で外貨を買うときのTTSレートと、外貨を円に戻すときのTTBレートを公表します。仲値との差がコストです。\nマージン率＝|業者レート ÷ 仲値 − 1|×100。レートの向きを一貫させて計算します。\n「1ドルあたり1円」などの公表マージンは、小口では小さくても金額に比例して増えます。\n仲値：ベンチマーク\n仲値は、卸売市場の売り値と買い値の中間点です。比較のための最も公平で中立なベンチマークであり、レートサイトやWiseがこれを提示する理由です。ただし、保証された実行可能な小売レートではありません。\n公的な参照レートも同様です。2026年7月31日、欧州中央銀行の情報提供目的の参照レートは概ね1ドル約160.235円を示唆しました。ECBはこれをベンチマークであり取引レートではないと強調しています。計算には有用ですが決済用ではありません。\nTTS・TTBとスプレッド\n日本の銀行は通常、円で外貨を買う顧客向けのTTSレート（対顧客電信売相場）と、外貨を円に戻す顧客向けのTTBレート（対顧客電信買相場）を公表します。仲値と対顧客レートの差が為替コストで、TTSとTTBの差が往復のスプレッドです。\n銀行は単位あたりのマージンを示すことが多いです。たとえば三井住友銀行は、個人向けオンライン外国送金で米ドルの為替マージンを概ね1ドルあたり1円と示し、ユーロは1ユーロあたり約1.40円など通貨ごとに異なるマージンを掲げています。\nマージンの計算\nマージン率＝|業者レート ÷ 仲値 − 1|×100。レートの向きを一貫させます。外貨1単位あたりの円で比べるなら、送金人が払う円レートが高いほど不利。1円あたりの受取外貨で比べるなら、数値が低いほど不利です。\n計算例：仲値が1ドル160.235円、銀行の対顧客レートが1ドル161.235円（マージン1円）なら、マージンは|161.235 ÷ 160.235 − 1|×100 ≈ 0.62%。30万円ではこのマージンだけで約1,870円になり、これに定額の送金手数料が加わります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:transfer-fees-explained","guide:mid-market-vs-bank-rate","guide:compare-transfer-quotes","guide:weekend-fx-markups"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"European Central Bank","url":"https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html","official":false},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"仲値は卸売価格の中立な中間値です。銀行や業者はそこにマージン（スプレッド）を上乗せします。そのマージンは |業者レート ÷ 仲値 − 1| × 100 で測れます。\n仲値とは何か、日本の銀行のTTS/TTBとスプレッドの仕組み、そして業者の為替マージンを計算して「隠れコスト」を見える化する方法。\n仲値（インターバンクレート）は卸売の売買の中間値で、ベンチマークであり保証された小売レートではありません。\n日本の銀行は、円で外貨を買うときのTTSレートと、外貨を円に戻すときのTTBレートを公表します。仲値との差がコストです。\nマージン率＝|業者レート ÷ 仲値 − 1|×100。レートの向きを一貫させて計算します。\n「1ドルあたり1円」などの公表マージンは、小口では小さくても金額に比例して増えます。\n仲値：ベンチマーク\n仲値は、卸売市場の売り値と買い値の中間点です。比較のための最も公平で中立なベンチマークであり、レートサイトやWiseがこれを提示する理由です。ただし、保証された実行可能な小売レートではありません。\n公的な参照レートも同様です。2026年7月31日、欧州中央銀行の情報提供目的の参照レートは概ね1ドル約160.235円を示唆しました。ECBはこれをベンチマークであり取引レートではないと強調しています。計算には有用ですが決済用ではありません。\nTTS・TTBとスプレッド\n日本の銀行は通常、円で外貨を買う顧客向けのTTSレート（対顧客電信売相場）と、外貨を円に戻す顧客向けのTTBレート（対顧客電信買相場）を公表します。仲値と対顧客レートの差が為替コストで、TTSとTTBの差が往復のスプレッドです。\n銀行は単位あたりのマージンを示すことが多いです。たとえば三井住友銀行は、個人向けオンライン外国送金で米ドルの為替マージンを概ね1ドルあたり1円と示し、ユーロは1ユーロあたり約1.40円など通貨ごとに異なるマージンを掲げています。\nマージンの計算\nマージン率＝|業者レート ÷ 仲値 − 1|×100。レートの向きを一貫させます。外貨1単位あたりの円で比べるなら、送金人が払う円レートが高いほど不利。1円あたりの受取外貨で比べるなら、数値が低いほど不利です。\n計算例：仲値が1ドル160.235円、銀行の対顧客レートが1ドル161.235円（マージン1円）なら、マージンは|161.235 ÷ 160.235 − 1|×100 ≈ 0.62%。30万円ではこのマージンだけで約1,870円になり、これに定額の送金手数料が加わります。","url":"/ja/remittance/exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mid-market-vs-bank-rate:ja","entityId":"guide:mid-market-vs-bank-rate","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"仲値と銀行の為替レートの違い","plainText":"レートサイトは仲値のベンチマークを示し、銀行・カード・両替所はマージンを上乗せします。だから同じ通貨ペアでも表示が場所ごとに違い、その差があなたのコストです。\nGoogle・ECB・Wise・銀行・カード・両替所・店舗が、同じ通貨ペアでも異なる為替レートを表示する理由を、円建ての計算例つきで解説します。\nGoogleやECBは、通常はその値では取引できないベンチマーク（仲値・参照）レートを表示します。\nWiseは仲値を提示して手数料を明示します。銀行はマージンをTTS/TTBの対顧客レートに内包します。\n両替所や空港カウンターはスプレッドが最も広く、店舗のDCCはたいてい最悪です。\n比較するには、同じ瞬間に「受取額のために手放す円」に換算して並べます。\nどこがどのレートを表示するか\nレートサイト（Google・XE）や中央銀行のページ（ECBの参照表）は、仲値・参照レート、すなわちインターバンク中間値に近いベンチマークを表示します。小売の顧客は通常その値で約定できません。\nWiseはその仲値を提示し手数料を別掲するので、マージンが見えます。従来の銀行は、マージンをすでに内包したTTS/TTBの対顧客レートを公表するため、手数料は小さく見えてもレートが仕事をしています。カードはネットワークレートに発行会社の海外取引手数料を加えます。両替所・空港カウンターは売買スプレッドが最も広く、店舗やATMのDCCはたいてい最も高くつきます。\n円建ての計算例\n仲値が1ドル160.235円で、1,000ドルを送るとします。ベンチマークでは160,235円です。銀行の対顧客レートが161.235円（マージン1円）なら、同じ1,000ドルは161,235円になり、定額の送金手数料を除いてもレートだけで約1,000円多くかかります。両替所が168円で提示すれば168,000円です。\n教訓は、すべての選択肢を「同じ受取額のために同じ瞬間に実際に手放す円」に換算し、どの行が「手数料」でどの行が「レート」かにとらわれないことです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/mid-market-vs-bank-rate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:dynamic-currency-conversion","guide:best-overseas-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"European Central Bank","url":"https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html","official":false},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Visa","url":"https://www.visa.co.jp/pay-with-visa/featured-technologies/dynamic-currency-conversion.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"レートサイトは仲値のベンチマークを示し、銀行・カード・両替所はマージンを上乗せします。だから同じ通貨ペアでも表示が場所ごとに違い、その差があなたのコストです。\nGoogle・ECB・Wise・銀行・カード・両替所・店舗が、同じ通貨ペアでも異なる為替レートを表示する理由を、円建ての計算例つきで解説します。\nGoogleやECBは、通常はその値では取引できないベンチマーク（仲値・参照）レートを表示します。\nWiseは仲値を提示して手数料を明示します。銀行はマージンをTTS/TTBの対顧客レートに内包します。\n両替所や空港カウンターはスプレッドが最も広く、店舗のDCCはたいてい最悪です。\n比較するには、同じ瞬間に「受取額のために手放す円」に換算して並べます。\nどこがどのレートを表示するか\nレートサイト（Google・XE）や中央銀行のページ（ECBの参照表）は、仲値・参照レート、すなわちインターバンク中間値に近いベンチマークを表示します。小売の顧客は通常その値で約定できません。\nWiseはその仲値を提示し手数料を別掲するので、マージンが見えます。従来の銀行は、マージンをすでに内包したTTS/TTBの対顧客レートを公表するため、手数料は小さく見えてもレートが仕事をしています。カードはネットワークレートに発行会社の海外取引手数料を加えます。両替所・空港カウンターは売買スプレッドが最も広く、店舗やATMのDCCはたいてい最も高くつきます。\n円建ての計算例\n仲値が1ドル160.235円で、1,000ドルを送るとします。ベンチマークでは160,235円です。銀行の対顧客レートが161.235円（マージン1円）なら、同じ1,000ドルは161,235円になり、定額の送金手数料を除いてもレートだけで約1,000円多くかかります。両替所が168円で提示すれば168,000円です。\n教訓は、すべての選択肢を「同じ受取額のために同じ瞬間に実際に手放す円」に換算し、どの行が「手数料」でどの行が「レート」かにとらわれないことです。","url":"/ja/remittance/mid-market-vs-bank-rate","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:swift-transfers-explained:ja","entityId":"guide:swift-transfers-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SWIFT送金の基礎（日本）","plainText":"SWIFTは、銀行が国際送金を指示するために使う標準化されたメッセージ網です。口座を保有したりレートを決めたりはせず、決済は各段階で手数料を差し引きうるコルレス銀行を通じて行われます。\nSWIFTのメッセージ送信とは何か、コルレス銀行とBICコードの仕組み、途中で手数料が発生する理由、gpi追跡の効用、そしてSWIFT送金が本当に必要な場面。\nSWIFTは機関間の支払メッセージを運ぶもので、資金そのものを動かしたり保有したりはしません。\n受取銀行はBIC/SWIFTコードで識別され、支払はコルレス銀行を経由することがあります。\nSWIFTは200を超える国・地域の11,500超の機関を結び、gpiは機関間の追跡を改善します。\nSWIFT送金は、受取人が電信送金を要求する・金額が大きい・正式な銀行書類が必要な場合にコストに見合います。\nSWIFTとは何か（そして何でないか）\nSWIFTは機関間の標準化された金融メッセージを提供します。誰が・誰に・いくら・どの通貨で・なぜ支払うかを受取側に伝えます。あなたの口座を保有せず、為替レートも自動的には決めません。外貨を持ち込まない限り、通貨の両替は自分の銀行が対顧客レートで行います。\nSWIFTは220を超える国・地域の11,500超の機関を結ぶ網だと報告しています。世界の銀行はこれらのメッセージをより情報量の多いISO 20022形式へ移行しており、これが一部の日本の銀行で受取人登録要件が変わった理由です。\nコルレス銀行とBICコード\n送金銀行と受取銀行に直接の決済関係がない場合、一つ以上のコルレス銀行が互いに口座を持ち、資金を先へ渡します。機関が増えるごとに、手数料・締切時刻・制裁確認・照合遅延・返送リスクが生じえます。\n送るには、受取銀行のBIC/SWIFTコードと、受取国が使う口座識別子（IBAN、ルーティング/ABA番号、ソートコード、BSB、IFSC、または国内の口座番号と支店コード）が必要です。受取人名は銀行記録と完全に一致する必要があります。\nSWIFTが見合う場面\n受取人が電信送金を要求する、通貨や機関に現地払出ルートがない、金額が大きい、または正式な銀行書類（銀行発行の送金証明）が必要な場合（証券口座への入金・エスクロー・納税・不動産など）は、SWIFT送金を選びましょう。日常の小口送金では、現地で集金・支払をする送金プラットフォームの方が安く、受取額を事前に示せることが多いです。\n追跡できるよう、銀行に送金レファレンスを尋ねましょう。gpi追跡は機関レベルで利用できることがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/swift-transfers-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-international-transfers-work","guide:intermediary-bank-fees","guide:our-sha-ben-fees","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SWIFT","url":"https://www.swift.com/about-us","official":false},{"publisher":"SWIFT","url":"https://www.swift.com/our-solutions/swift-gpi","official":false},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"SWIFTは、銀行が国際送金を指示するために使う標準化されたメッセージ網です。口座を保有したりレートを決めたりはせず、決済は各段階で手数料を差し引きうるコルレス銀行を通じて行われます。\nSWIFTのメッセージ送信とは何か、コルレス銀行とBICコードの仕組み、途中で手数料が発生する理由、gpi追跡の効用、そしてSWIFT送金が本当に必要な場面。\nSWIFTは機関間の支払メッセージを運ぶもので、資金そのものを動かしたり保有したりはしません。\n受取銀行はBIC/SWIFTコードで識別され、支払はコルレス銀行を経由することがあります。\nSWIFTは200を超える国・地域の11,500超の機関を結び、gpiは機関間の追跡を改善します。\nSWIFT送金は、受取人が電信送金を要求する・金額が大きい・正式な銀行書類が必要な場合にコストに見合います。\nSWIFTとは何か（そして何でないか）\nSWIFTは機関間の標準化された金融メッセージを提供します。誰が・誰に・いくら・どの通貨で・なぜ支払うかを受取側に伝えます。あなたの口座を保有せず、為替レートも自動的には決めません。外貨を持ち込まない限り、通貨の両替は自分の銀行が対顧客レートで行います。\nSWIFTは220を超える国・地域の11,500超の機関を結ぶ網だと報告しています。世界の銀行はこれらのメッセージをより情報量の多いISO 20022形式へ移行しており、これが一部の日本の銀行で受取人登録要件が変わった理由です。\nコルレス銀行とBICコード\n送金銀行と受取銀行に直接の決済関係がない場合、一つ以上のコルレス銀行が互いに口座を持ち、資金を先へ渡します。機関が増えるごとに、手数料・締切時刻・制裁確認・照合遅延・返送リスクが生じえます。\n送るには、受取銀行のBIC/SWIFTコードと、受取国が使う口座識別子（IBAN、ルーティング/ABA番号、ソートコード、BSB、IFSC、または国内の口座番号と支店コード）が必要です。受取人名は銀行記録と完全に一致する必要があります。\nSWIFTが見合う場面\n受取人が電信送金を要求する、通貨や機関に現地払出ルートがない、金額が大きい、または正式な銀行書類（銀行発行の送金証明）が必要な場合（証券口座への入金・エスクロー・納税・不動産など）は、SWIFT送金を選びましょう。日常の小口送金では、現地で集金・支払をする送金プラットフォームの方が安く、受取額を事前に示せることが多いです。\n追跡できるよう、銀行に送金レファレンスを尋ねましょう。gpi追跡は機関レベルで利用できることがあります。","url":"/ja/remittance/swift-transfers-explained","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:intermediary-bank-fees:ja","entityId":"guide:intermediary-bank-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"コルレス銀行・中継銀行の手数料","plainText":"SWIFT送金の途中にあるコルレス銀行は、受取人に届く前にそれぞれ取扱手数料を差し引きえます。送金銀行は経路を支配しないため、正確な控除額は読みにくいです。\n中継銀行が手数料を差し引く理由、経路が連鎖の当事者を決める仕組み、控除が読みにくい理由、そして不確実性を減らす実務的な方法。\n支払は一つ以上のコルレス銀行を通過することがあり、各行が取扱手数料を課しえます。\n送金銀行はどのコルレス銀行を使うかを完全には支配しないため、控除は推定になりがちです。\nゆうちょ銀行は、対象の米ドル（10ドル）・ユーロ（5ユーロ）受取に定額の中継控除を明示し、さらに生じうると注意します。\n送金人負担の指示、現地払出プラットフォーム、受取銀行の被仕向手数料の確認で、不確実性を減らせます。\n手数料が差し引かれる理由\n自分の銀行と受取人の銀行に直接の関係がない場合、支払は互いに口座を持つコルレス銀行を通じて決済されます。各コルレス銀行はスクリーニング・照合・先方への転送などの作業を行い、その対価を送金から差し引いてから先へ渡します。\n経路は通貨・関与する銀行・既存の関係に依存するため、送金銀行は事前に「何行を経由し、各行がいくら取るか」を正確には示せないことが多いです。だから、すべて正しくても送金がわずかに目減りして届くことがあります。\n不確実性を減らす\n一部の銀行は定額の中継控除を開示します。たとえばゆうちょ銀行は、対象の米ドル受取に10ドル、ユーロ受取に5ユーロと示し、さらに追加の中継手数料が差し引かれうると注意します。\n実務上の手立て：請求どおり満額到着が必要なら送金人負担の区分を選ぶ（絶対の保証ではないと理解する）、コリドーが許すなら小売SWIFT連鎖を避ける現地払出プラットフォームを使う、受取銀行に被仕向手数料を尋ねる、重要な支払では少額のテスト送金を先に行い、入金額を確認してから残額を送る。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/intermediary-bank-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:swift-transfers-explained","guide:our-sha-ben-fees","guide:transfer-fees-explained"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"SWIFT送金の途中にあるコルレス銀行は、受取人に届く前にそれぞれ取扱手数料を差し引きえます。送金銀行は経路を支配しないため、正確な控除額は読みにくいです。\n中継銀行が手数料を差し引く理由、経路が連鎖の当事者を決める仕組み、控除が読みにくい理由、そして不確実性を減らす実務的な方法。\n支払は一つ以上のコルレス銀行を通過することがあり、各行が取扱手数料を課しえます。\n送金銀行はどのコルレス銀行を使うかを完全には支配しないため、控除は推定になりがちです。\nゆうちょ銀行は、対象の米ドル（10ドル）・ユーロ（5ユーロ）受取に定額の中継控除を明示し、さらに生じうると注意します。\n送金人負担の指示、現地払出プラットフォーム、受取銀行の被仕向手数料の確認で、不確実性を減らせます。\n手数料が差し引かれる理由\n自分の銀行と受取人の銀行に直接の関係がない場合、支払は互いに口座を持つコルレス銀行を通じて決済されます。各コルレス銀行はスクリーニング・照合・先方への転送などの作業を行い、その対価を送金から差し引いてから先へ渡します。\n経路は通貨・関与する銀行・既存の関係に依存するため、送金銀行は事前に「何行を経由し、各行がいくら取るか」を正確には示せないことが多いです。だから、すべて正しくても送金がわずかに目減りして届くことがあります。\n不確実性を減らす\n一部の銀行は定額の中継控除を開示します。たとえばゆうちょ銀行は、対象の米ドル受取に10ドル、ユーロ受取に5ユーロと示し、さらに追加の中継手数料が差し引かれうると注意します。\n実務上の手立て：請求どおり満額到着が必要なら送金人負担の区分を選ぶ（絶対の保証ではないと理解する）、コリドーが許すなら小売SWIFT連鎖を避ける現地払出プラットフォームを使う、受取銀行に被仕向手数料を尋ねる、重要な支払では少額のテスト送金を先に行い、入金額を確認してから残額を送る。","url":"/ja/remittance/intermediary-bank-fees","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:our-sha-ben-fees:ja","entityId":"guide:our-sha-ben-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"OUR・SHA・BENの手数料区分","plainText":"OURは送金人が全手数料を負担、SHAは手数料を折半、BENは受取人が負担を意味します。ただし「OUR」でも、下流の銀行が控除しうるため、請求どおりの額が必ず届くとは限りません。\n各手数料区分の意味、誰が負担するか、「OUR」でも請求満額の到着が保証されない理由、そして請求書や学費の支払で何を意味するか。\nOUR：送金人が全手数料負担／SHA：折半／BEN：受取人負担（通常は金額からの控除）。\nSHAが一般的な既定で、下流手数料が送金額から差し引かれるのが通常です。\n三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほ・プレスティア・楽天銀行・SBIレミット・ゆうちょは、いずれも中継や受取の手数料が生じうると注意します。\n満額到着が必要な請求・学費には送金人負担を選び、想定せず入金額を確認しましょう。\n各区分の意味\nこの3つのコードは、送金手数料を誰が負担するかを銀行に伝えます。OUR：送金人（送金依頼人）が原則として下流も含む全手数料を負担。SHA：送金人は自行の手数料を払い、残りは受取人負担——一般的な既定。BEN：受取人が全手数料を負担し、通常は受取額からの控除で行われます。\nすべての経路で選べるわけではありません。たとえばMUFG Directはオンラインでは受取人負担のみ対応で、店舗やWeb Support Plusの依頼なら追加手数料で送金人負担のコルレスオプションを付けられます。プレスティアは定額で「全額負担」のコルレス指示を掲げますが、それでも中継が課金しうると注記します。\nOURが絶対保証でない理由\nOURを選ぶと請求満額が届く可能性は高まりますが、鉄壁の保証ではありません。日本の複数の銀行は、送金人が手数料負担を選んでも、送金銀行の管理外のコルレス銀行が手数料を取りうるため、想定外の下流控除が生じうると明示的に注意しています。\n満額受取が必要な請求・学費・不動産の支払では、送金人負担を選び、入金額を確認しましょう。可能なら少額のテスト送金を先に行い、残額が満額届くと決めつけないことです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/our-sha-ben-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:intermediary-bank-fees","guide:swift-transfers-explained","guide:transfer-fees-explained","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/tsukau/kaigai/okuru/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/fees/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"OURは送金人が全手数料を負担、SHAは手数料を折半、BENは受取人が負担を意味します。ただし「OUR」でも、下流の銀行が控除しうるため、請求どおりの額が必ず届くとは限りません。\n各手数料区分の意味、誰が負担するか、「OUR」でも請求満額の到着が保証されない理由、そして請求書や学費の支払で何を意味するか。\nOUR：送金人が全手数料負担／SHA：折半／BEN：受取人負担（通常は金額からの控除）。\nSHAが一般的な既定で、下流手数料が送金額から差し引かれるのが通常です。\n三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほ・プレスティア・楽天銀行・SBIレミット・ゆうちょは、いずれも中継や受取の手数料が生じうると注意します。\n満額到着が必要な請求・学費には送金人負担を選び、想定せず入金額を確認しましょう。\n各区分の意味\nこの3つのコードは、送金手数料を誰が負担するかを銀行に伝えます。OUR：送金人（送金依頼人）が原則として下流も含む全手数料を負担。SHA：送金人は自行の手数料を払い、残りは受取人負担——一般的な既定。BEN：受取人が全手数料を負担し、通常は受取額からの控除で行われます。\nすべての経路で選べるわけではありません。たとえばMUFG Directはオンラインでは受取人負担のみ対応で、店舗やWeb Support Plusの依頼なら追加手数料で送金人負担のコルレスオプションを付けられます。プレスティアは定額で「全額負担」のコルレス指示を掲げますが、それでも中継が課金しうると注記します。\nOURが絶対保証でない理由\nOURを選ぶと請求満額が届く可能性は高まりますが、鉄壁の保証ではありません。日本の複数の銀行は、送金人が手数料負担を選んでも、送金銀行の管理外のコルレス銀行が手数料を取りうるため、想定外の下流控除が生じうると明示的に注意しています。\n満額受取が必要な請求・学費・不動産の支払では、送金人負担を選び、入金額を確認しましょう。可能なら少額のテスト送金を先に行い、残額が満額届くと決めつけないことです。","url":"/ja/remittance/our-sha-ben-fees","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:transfer-times-and-delays:ja","entityId":"guide:transfer-times-and-delays","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外送金の所要時間と遅延","plainText":"提示される所要時間は通常時の目安です。週末・祝日・締切時刻・コンプライアンス審査・中継銀行・受取銀行の処理が、いずれも所要時間を延ばしえます。\n「目安」の到着が保証でない理由。週末・銀行休業日・締切時刻・コンプライアンス審査・中継・受取銀行の処理が、実際の着金日を動かします。\n「即時」「数分」は、通常の入金・審査・銀行・払出条件下の目安であり、保証ではありません。\n週末・祝日でも依頼は受け付けられますが、決済や受取銀行への入金は営業日を待つことが多いです。\n「審査中」はたいてい、本人確認・目的・資金源・受取人・制裁の情報が必要という意味です。\n銀行の店頭処理は数営業日かかることがあり、ISO 20022移行期の受取人登録は1〜2週間加わることがあります。\n実際に時間が増える要因\n所要時間の目安には、入金の受領・コンプライアンス審査・両替・支払の解放・中継銀行の通過・受取銀行への入金が含まれえます。どれもが延びえます。どちらかの国の週末・祝日、日々の締切時刻、誤った/不一致の受取人情報、受取銀行の審査、通常と異なる金額や仕向地への追加の制裁・AML確認などです。\n銀行送金では店頭処理に約3営業日かかることがあり、業界のISO 20022移行期には、一部の日本の銀行で新しい受取人登録に1〜2週間かかってから初回送金が出せることがあります。\n対処の仕方\n大口や時間に厳しい送金は早めに始めましょう。受取人登録・資金源審査・銀行休業日・不動産の決済日が絡む場合は数週間前から。締切前に入金し、受取人名と口座を銀行記録と照合し、審査が返信待ちで止まらないよう連絡先を最新に保ちましょう。\n追跡できるよう送金レファレンスを求め、当初の目安ではなくアプリの追跡やSWIFT/gpiの状況を正とみなしましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/transfer-times-and-delays","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:how-international-transfers-work","guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen","guide:large-transfers-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SWIFT","url":"https://www.swift.com/our-solutions/swift-gpi","official":false},{"publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/tsukau/kaigai/okuru/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"提示される所要時間は通常時の目安です。週末・祝日・締切時刻・コンプライアンス審査・中継銀行・受取銀行の処理が、いずれも所要時間を延ばしえます。\n「目安」の到着が保証でない理由。週末・銀行休業日・締切時刻・コンプライアンス審査・中継・受取銀行の処理が、実際の着金日を動かします。\n「即時」「数分」は、通常の入金・審査・銀行・払出条件下の目安であり、保証ではありません。\n週末・祝日でも依頼は受け付けられますが、決済や受取銀行への入金は営業日を待つことが多いです。\n「審査中」はたいてい、本人確認・目的・資金源・受取人・制裁の情報が必要という意味です。\n銀行の店頭処理は数営業日かかることがあり、ISO 20022移行期の受取人登録は1〜2週間加わることがあります。\n実際に時間が増える要因\n所要時間の目安には、入金の受領・コンプライアンス審査・両替・支払の解放・中継銀行の通過・受取銀行への入金が含まれえます。どれもが延びえます。どちらかの国の週末・祝日、日々の締切時刻、誤った/不一致の受取人情報、受取銀行の審査、通常と異なる金額や仕向地への追加の制裁・AML確認などです。\n銀行送金では店頭処理に約3営業日かかることがあり、業界のISO 20022移行期には、一部の日本の銀行で新しい受取人登録に1〜2週間かかってから初回送金が出せることがあります。\n対処の仕方\n大口や時間に厳しい送金は早めに始めましょう。受取人登録・資金源審査・銀行休業日・不動産の決済日が絡む場合は数週間前から。締切前に入金し、受取人名と口座を銀行記録と照合し、審査が返信待ちで止まらないよう連絡先を最新に保ちましょう。\n追跡できるよう送金レファレンスを求め、当初の目安ではなくアプリの追跡やSWIFT/gpiの状況を正とみなしましょう。","url":"/ja/remittance/transfer-times-and-delays","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:transfer-limits-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:transfer-limits-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の海外送金限度額","plainText":"日本のType II資金移動は原則1回100万円が上限です。Type Iのサービスや銀行は強化された管理のもとで大口に対応し、業者はより低い年間・月間・顧客ごとの限度を課すこともあります。\nType I・Type IIの資金移動業者、100万円の基準、銀行の上限、顧客ごとの限度がどう関係するか、そしてより多く送りたいときに何を使うか。\nType IIの資金移動は原則1回100万円まで。Type Iはより多くの管理のもとで大口に対応します。\nWiseは日本発の対象となるType I送金を最大1億5,000万円まで、Kyodaiの公表Type I上限は審査前提で1,000万円です。\n銀行は独自の上限を設けます。たとえばゆうちょ銀行は1回100万円未満・1日200万円・月500万円です。\n限度回避のため大口を小分けにすると、それ自体が不審に見え、合算されうる点に注意。\nType IとType II、そして100万円の線\n日本のノンバンク送金は登録制の資金移動モデルで運営されます。Type IIの取引は原則1件100万円以下に制限されます。Type Iはより多くの管理・審査を伴い大口に対応します。限度は、法定・業者全体・コリドー別・顧客別・ローリング期間・リスク審査後の付与などがあります。\n公表例：Wiseは日本発の対象Type I送金を最大1億5,000万円まで。Kyodaiは手数料込み1,000万円のType I上限を、目的・審査前提で掲げます。DCOMは1回100万円・月200万円・年350万円まで、Smilesは直近365日で500万円などのローリング管理を公表します。\n銀行の上限と、より多く送るには\n銀行は独自の1回・1日・1か月の上限を設けます。たとえばゆうちょ銀行のブラウザサービスは1回100万円未満・1日200万円・月500万円です。大幅に多く送るには、銀行の店頭かType I業者を使い、資金源と目的の書類を事前に準備しましょう。大口は通常、強化審査の対象で、基準額を超えると銀行が市場連動の交渉レートを提示することもあります。\n限度をくぐるために大口を複数の小口に分けないでください。業者は関連取引を合算でき、管理回避の分割はそれ自体が危険信号で、口座凍結につながりえます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/transfer-limits-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:large-transfers-from-japan","guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose","guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Unidos Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.kyodai-remittance.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"D.Communications Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.dcom-money.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"日本のType II資金移動は原則1回100万円が上限です。Type Iのサービスや銀行は強化された管理のもとで大口に対応し、業者はより低い年間・月間・顧客ごとの限度を課すこともあります。\nType I・Type IIの資金移動業者、100万円の基準、銀行の上限、顧客ごとの限度がどう関係するか、そしてより多く送りたいときに何を使うか。\nType IIの資金移動は原則1回100万円まで。Type Iはより多くの管理のもとで大口に対応します。\nWiseは日本発の対象となるType I送金を最大1億5,000万円まで、Kyodaiの公表Type I上限は審査前提で1,000万円です。\n銀行は独自の上限を設けます。たとえばゆうちょ銀行は1回100万円未満・1日200万円・月500万円です。\n限度回避のため大口を小分けにすると、それ自体が不審に見え、合算されうる点に注意。\nType IとType II、そして100万円の線\n日本のノンバンク送金は登録制の資金移動モデルで運営されます。Type IIの取引は原則1件100万円以下に制限されます。Type Iはより多くの管理・審査を伴い大口に対応します。限度は、法定・業者全体・コリドー別・顧客別・ローリング期間・リスク審査後の付与などがあります。\n公表例：Wiseは日本発の対象Type I送金を最大1億5,000万円まで。Kyodaiは手数料込み1,000万円のType I上限を、目的・審査前提で掲げます。DCOMは1回100万円・月200万円・年350万円まで、Smilesは直近365日で500万円などのローリング管理を公表します。\n銀行の上限と、より多く送るには\n銀行は独自の1回・1日・1か月の上限を設けます。たとえばゆうちょ銀行のブラウザサービスは1回100万円未満・1日200万円・月500万円です。大幅に多く送るには、銀行の店頭かType I業者を使い、資金源と目的の書類を事前に準備しましょう。大口は通常、強化審査の対象で、基準額を超えると銀行が市場連動の交渉レートを提示することもあります。\n限度をくぐるために大口を複数の小口に分けないでください。業者は関連取引を合算でき、管理回避の分割はそれ自体が危険信号で、口座凍結につながりえます。","url":"/ja/remittance/transfer-limits-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose:ja","entityId":"guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"資金源と送金目的","plainText":"資金源はお金の出所（給与・貯蓄・売却・相続・借入・事業収入）で、目的は使途です。明確で裏づけのある回答が送金を滞らせません。\n「資金源」と「送金目的」の意味、給与・貯蓄・相続・売却代金・事業所得を証明する書類、そして曖昧な目的が質問を招く理由。\n資金源はお金の直近の出所、資金の由来（source of wealth）は資産をどう築いたかというより広い経緯です。\n典型的な証拠：給与は給与明細と契約、貯蓄は過去の取引明細、一時金は売買・検認書類、事業収入は請求書。\n目的の申告（学費・家族支援・給与・投資・不動産・物品）は、金額とパターンに整合させます。\n「個人的」などの曖昧な表現は、金額や頻度が通常と異なると追加質問を招きます。\n業者が尋ねる内容と理由\nマネー・ローンダリング対策の規則のもと、業者は資金の出所と使途を尋ねることがあります。資金源は直近の出所——給与・貯蓄・事業収入・資産売却・相続・借入・投資の解約・年金・贈与など。資金の由来は、全体の資産をどう築いたかというより広い説明です。目的の申告は経済的理由を示します：学費・家族支援・生活費・給与・投資・物品購入・不動産取得・借入返済など。\nこれらの質問は非難ではありません。金額・資金源・目的・パターンがあなたにとって妥当かを業者が確認するためのもので、正当な送金を滞らせないためにこそ役立ちます。\nそれを証明する書類\n給与：雇用契約・給与明細・源泉徴収記録・確定申告書・整合する入金。貯蓄：過去の明細・給与記録・投資の解約、そして不自然な空白のない蓄積の経緯。一時金：売買契約・清算書・検認/相続書類。事業所得：請求書・契約・役務内容・プラットフォームの明細。たとえばRevolutの公表ガイダンスは、請求書やフリーランス契約を証拠の例に挙げています。\n大口や通常と異なる送金の前に用意しておきましょう。速やかな提出が「審査中」を解除する最短路で、口座・在留カード・受取人記録で氏名を一致させておくと、別種の遅延も避けられます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/source-of-funds-and-purpose","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen","guide:transfer-limits-japan","guide:large-transfers-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Revolut","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/terms/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"資金源はお金の出所（給与・貯蓄・売却・相続・借入・事業収入）で、目的は使途です。明確で裏づけのある回答が送金を滞らせません。\n「資金源」と「送金目的」の意味、給与・貯蓄・相続・売却代金・事業所得を証明する書類、そして曖昧な目的が質問を招く理由。\n資金源はお金の直近の出所、資金の由来（source of wealth）は資産をどう築いたかというより広い経緯です。\n典型的な証拠：給与は給与明細と契約、貯蓄は過去の取引明細、一時金は売買・検認書類、事業収入は請求書。\n目的の申告（学費・家族支援・給与・投資・不動産・物品）は、金額とパターンに整合させます。\n「個人的」などの曖昧な表現は、金額や頻度が通常と異なると追加質問を招きます。\n業者が尋ねる内容と理由\nマネー・ローンダリング対策の規則のもと、業者は資金の出所と使途を尋ねることがあります。資金源は直近の出所——給与・貯蓄・事業収入・資産売却・相続・借入・投資の解約・年金・贈与など。資金の由来は、全体の資産をどう築いたかというより広い説明です。目的の申告は経済的理由を示します：学費・家族支援・生活費・給与・投資・物品購入・不動産取得・借入返済など。\nこれらの質問は非難ではありません。金額・資金源・目的・パターンがあなたにとって妥当かを業者が確認するためのもので、正当な送金を滞らせないためにこそ役立ちます。\nそれを証明する書類\n給与：雇用契約・給与明細・源泉徴収記録・確定申告書・整合する入金。貯蓄：過去の明細・給与記録・投資の解約、そして不自然な空白のない蓄積の経緯。一時金：売買契約・清算書・検認/相続書類。事業所得：請求書・契約・役務内容・プラットフォームの明細。たとえばRevolutの公表ガイダンスは、請求書やフリーランス契約を証拠の例に挙げています。\n大口や通常と異なる送金の前に用意しておきましょう。速やかな提出が「審査中」を解除する最短路で、口座・在留カード・受取人記録で氏名を一致させておくと、別種の遅延も避けられます。","url":"/ja/remittance/source-of-funds-and-purpose","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:currency-risk-when-to-convert:ja","entityId":"guide:currency-risk-when-to-convert","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"為替リスクと両替のタイミング","plainText":"外貨残高は保有中に円換算価値が上下します。できる範囲で将来の収入と支出の通貨を合わせ、相場を当てにいくのではなく計画に沿って両替しましょう。\n外貨残高の保有がどうタイミングリスクを生むか、収入と支出の通貨を合わせると不要な両替が減る理由、そして支払ニーズを投機に変えないための考え方。\n外貨の保有は市場ポジションです。使う前に円換算で増えることも減ることもあります。\n収入と支出の通貨を合わせると、往復の両替とそのスプレッドが減ります。\n定期的・ルールに基づく両替（または必要時の両替）は、レート予測より優れます。\n支払ニーズは投機の理由になりません。「Xを払う必要」と「レートが動くことを期待」を分けましょう。\n為替リスクとは実際に何か\n米ドル・ユーロなどで残高を持つと、その円換算価値は相場とともに動きます。その通貨で使う予定なら問題ありません——ドルの請求に使うドル残高は実務的なリスクがほとんどありません。リスクになるのは、実質的に賭けているとき——最終的に円で必要な外貨を、レートの改善を期待して持ち続ける場合です。\n外貨預金は、収入と支出が同じ通貨なら繰り返しの両替を減らせますが、変動にはさらされ、ポジションの出入りで通常スプレッドを払います。\n勘ではなく計画で両替する\n定期的なニーズ（家族支援の送金、学期ごとの学費）では、定期的な両替スケジュールがレートを平準化し、待つ誘惑を消します。一時的な大口では、投機的に持つのではなく必要が現実になったときに両替し、タイミングが本当に重要なら同時刻の見積を取り、大口なら銀行に交渉レートを尋ねましょう。\n支払を取引に変える罠を避けましょう。その通貨を投資として意図的に買わないなら、実際に請求を払う必要があるときに「より良いレートのため」に持ち続けないことです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/currency-risk-when-to-convert","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:weekend-fx-markups","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"European Central Bank","url":"https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html","official":false},{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/guide/fct_transfer/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"外貨残高は保有中に円換算価値が上下します。できる範囲で将来の収入と支出の通貨を合わせ、相場を当てにいくのではなく計画に沿って両替しましょう。\n外貨残高の保有がどうタイミングリスクを生むか、収入と支出の通貨を合わせると不要な両替が減る理由、そして支払ニーズを投機に変えないための考え方。\n外貨の保有は市場ポジションです。使う前に円換算で増えることも減ることもあります。\n収入と支出の通貨を合わせると、往復の両替とそのスプレッドが減ります。\n定期的・ルールに基づく両替（または必要時の両替）は、レート予測より優れます。\n支払ニーズは投機の理由になりません。「Xを払う必要」と「レートが動くことを期待」を分けましょう。\n為替リスクとは実際に何か\n米ドル・ユーロなどで残高を持つと、その円換算価値は相場とともに動きます。その通貨で使う予定なら問題ありません——ドルの請求に使うドル残高は実務的なリスクがほとんどありません。リスクになるのは、実質的に賭けているとき——最終的に円で必要な外貨を、レートの改善を期待して持ち続ける場合です。\n外貨預金は、収入と支出が同じ通貨なら繰り返しの両替を減らせますが、変動にはさらされ、ポジションの出入りで通常スプレッドを払います。\n勘ではなく計画で両替する\n定期的なニーズ（家族支援の送金、学期ごとの学費）では、定期的な両替スケジュールがレートを平準化し、待つ誘惑を消します。一時的な大口では、投機的に持つのではなく必要が現実になったときに両替し、タイミングが本当に重要なら同時刻の見積を取り、大口なら銀行に交渉レートを尋ねましょう。\n支払を取引に変える罠を避けましょう。その通貨を投資として意図的に買わないなら、実際に請求を払う必要があるときに「より良いレートのため」に持ち続けないことです。","url":"/ja/remittance/currency-risk-when-to-convert","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:weekend-fx-markups:ja","entityId":"guide:weekend-fx-markups","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"週末の為替マージン","plainText":"市場が閉じているとき、業者はリスクの価格付けが異なります。Wiseは概ね直近金曜の市場レートを使い週末の別途上乗せをしませんが、Revolut日本のStandardは定義された市場時間外に1%を加えます。\n為替市場が閉じている間に一部の業者が上乗せする理由、Wiseと Revolutの週末の扱いの違い、そして上乗せを避けるための両替タイミング。\n為替市場は週末に実質的に閉じ、業者はその空白の扱いが異なります。\nWiseは通常、直近金曜の市場レートを使い、週末の別途上乗せを設けないとしています。\nRevolut日本Standardは、市場時間外の法定通貨両替に、高頻度手数料に加えて1%を加えます。\n週末の海外カード決済にも時間外マージンが乗りえます。平日の市場時間に両替をずらせば避けられます。\n週末の上乗せがある理由\n卸売の為替市場は、金曜夕方から月曜朝までおおむね閉じています。週末にレートを保証する業者は、市場が異なる水準で再開するリスクを負っており、そのリスクの価格付けは業者ごとに異なります。\nWiseは、週末の送金は通常、直近金曜の市場レートを使い、別途の週末上乗せを設けないとしています。一方Revolut日本のStandardは、定義された為替市場時間外の法定通貨両替に、すでに適用されうる高頻度両替手数料に加えて1%を加えます。\n回避のためのタイミング\n両替が急ぎでなければ、平日の市場時間に実行して時間外マージンを避けましょう。これはアプリの両替に当てはまり、一部のカードでは週末に海外で行う決済にも——同じ時間外ルールが決済時点で適用されえます。\n自分の業者とプランを確認しましょう。無料枠・市場時間の定義・高頻度のしきい値は異なり、枠内は無料のプランでも超過すると課金が始まりえます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/weekend-fx-markups","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:revolut-japan-review","guide:wise-japan-review"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"Revolut","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/standard-fees/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"市場が閉じているとき、業者はリスクの価格付けが異なります。Wiseは概ね直近金曜の市場レートを使い週末の別途上乗せをしませんが、Revolut日本のStandardは定義された市場時間外に1%を加えます。\n為替市場が閉じている間に一部の業者が上乗せする理由、Wiseと Revolutの週末の扱いの違い、そして上乗せを避けるための両替タイミング。\n為替市場は週末に実質的に閉じ、業者はその空白の扱いが異なります。\nWiseは通常、直近金曜の市場レートを使い、週末の別途上乗せを設けないとしています。\nRevolut日本Standardは、市場時間外の法定通貨両替に、高頻度手数料に加えて1%を加えます。\n週末の海外カード決済にも時間外マージンが乗りえます。平日の市場時間に両替をずらせば避けられます。\n週末の上乗せがある理由\n卸売の為替市場は、金曜夕方から月曜朝までおおむね閉じています。週末にレートを保証する業者は、市場が異なる水準で再開するリスクを負っており、そのリスクの価格付けは業者ごとに異なります。\nWiseは、週末の送金は通常、直近金曜の市場レートを使い、別途の週末上乗せを設けないとしています。一方Revolut日本のStandardは、定義された為替市場時間外の法定通貨両替に、すでに適用されうる高頻度両替手数料に加えて1%を加えます。\n回避のためのタイミング\n両替が急ぎでなければ、平日の市場時間に実行して時間外マージンを避けましょう。これはアプリの両替に当てはまり、一部のカードでは週末に海外で行う決済にも——同じ時間外ルールが決済時点で適用されえます。\n自分の業者とプランを確認しましょう。無料枠・市場時間の定義・高頻度のしきい値は異なり、枠内は無料のプランでも超過すると課金が始まりえます。","url":"/ja/remittance/weekend-fx-markups","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:compare-transfer-quotes:ja","entityId":"guide:compare-transfer-quotes","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外送金の見積を比較する方法","plainText":"同じ引落総額・通貨・仕向地・資金調達・受取方法で、すべての業者から同時刻に見積を取り、宣伝手数料ではなく受取額（実効レート）で比較します。\n同一の引落総額に対する受取額で業者を比較する、繰り返し使える「同時刻」の手法。あなたの送金で最安ルートを見つける唯一公平な方法です。\n正しい比較単位は「引落総額あたりの受取額」——実効レートです。\n見積時刻・引落総額・通貨・仕向地・資金調達・手数料区分・受取方法・速度区分をそろえます。\n実効レート＝受取額 ÷ 引落総額。総実効コストは仲値ベンチマークとの差です。\n初回プロモーションは標準比較から除外するか、別に表示します。\n比較の前に条件をそろえる\n業者は単一の全込みレートを公表しないため、公平な比較には同一の入力が必要です。各見積で次を一定に保ちます：見積時刻（同じ分、または狭い時間帯）、引落総額（送金人負担の全費用を含む同額）、送金元・受取の通貨、仕向国と受取銀行・受取方法、資金調達方法（銀行振込・デビット・クレジット・現金）、手数料区分（提供時はOUR/SHA/BEN）、受取方法（銀行口座・ウォレット・現金受取）、速度区分。\n初回プロモーションは標準比較から除くか、別行に記録しましょう。継続コストの同条件比較を歪めます。\n重要な4つの数字\n実効レート＝受取額 ÷ 引落総額。ベンチマーク受取額＝引落総額 × 1円あたりの仲値外貨。総実効コスト（円）＝（ベンチマーク受取−実際の受取）÷ 1円あたりの仲値外貨。総実効コスト率＝総実効コスト（円）÷ 引落総額 × 100。\n1ドル160.235円のベンチマークでの簡単な例：30万円の引落でベンチマーク受取は約1,872ドル。業者Aが1,859ドル、業者Bが1,823ドル届けるなら、Aの実効コストは約1,100円（0.37%）、Bは約7,800円（2.6%）——Bが低い手数料を宣伝していてもです。これらは計算のデモで、ライブ見積ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/compare-transfer-quotes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:transfer-fees-explained","guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","guide:how-international-transfers-work"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"European Central Bank","url":"https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html","official":false},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"同じ引落総額・通貨・仕向地・資金調達・受取方法で、すべての業者から同時刻に見積を取り、宣伝手数料ではなく受取額（実効レート）で比較します。\n同一の引落総額に対する受取額で業者を比較する、繰り返し使える「同時刻」の手法。あなたの送金で最安ルートを見つける唯一公平な方法です。\n正しい比較単位は「引落総額あたりの受取額」——実効レートです。\n見積時刻・引落総額・通貨・仕向地・資金調達・手数料区分・受取方法・速度区分をそろえます。\n実効レート＝受取額 ÷ 引落総額。総実効コストは仲値ベンチマークとの差です。\n初回プロモーションは標準比較から除外するか、別に表示します。\n比較の前に条件をそろえる\n業者は単一の全込みレートを公表しないため、公平な比較には同一の入力が必要です。各見積で次を一定に保ちます：見積時刻（同じ分、または狭い時間帯）、引落総額（送金人負担の全費用を含む同額）、送金元・受取の通貨、仕向国と受取銀行・受取方法、資金調達方法（銀行振込・デビット・クレジット・現金）、手数料区分（提供時はOUR/SHA/BEN）、受取方法（銀行口座・ウォレット・現金受取）、速度区分。\n初回プロモーションは標準比較から除くか、別行に記録しましょう。継続コストの同条件比較を歪めます。\n重要な4つの数字\n実効レート＝受取額 ÷ 引落総額。ベンチマーク受取額＝引落総額 × 1円あたりの仲値外貨。総実効コスト（円）＝（ベンチマーク受取−実際の受取）÷ 1円あたりの仲値外貨。総実効コスト率＝総実効コスト（円）÷ 引落総額 × 100。\n1ドル160.235円のベンチマークでの簡単な例：30万円の引落でベンチマーク受取は約1,872ドル。業者Aが1,859ドル、業者Bが1,823ドル届けるなら、Aの実効コストは約1,100円（0.37%）、Bは約7,800円（2.6%）——Bが低い手数料を宣伝していてもです。これらは計算のデモで、ライブ見積ではありません。","url":"/ja/remittance/compare-transfer-quotes","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:dynamic-currency-conversion:ja","entityId":"guide:dynamic-currency-conversion","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ダイナミック・カレンシー・コンバージョン（DCC）","plainText":"DCCは、海外の店舗やATMが、あなたのカード発行会社ではなく先方のレートで取引を円に変換すると申し出るものです。たいてい割高なので、現地通貨を選び変換を断りましょう。\n店舗やATMのDCCとは何か、海外で自国通貨払いがたいてい割高になる理由、そしてほぼ毎回お金を節約する単純なルール「現地通貨を選ぶ」。\nDCCは、購入をカードネットワークではなく店舗やATM運営者のレートで自国通貨に変換します。\nVisa日本とMastercardはDCCを任意の選択と説明します。断れば、カード会社の通常の現地通貨処理が適用されます。\nDCCの上乗せは店舗ごとで、時に高額です。例示の6%は警告用の例にすぎません。\n基本のコスト管理ルール：決済時もATMでも、常に現地通貨を選びましょう。\nDCCとは何か\nDCCは、海外の店舗端末やATMが、現地通貨ではなく円で請求すると申し出る場合に起こります。変換は、あなたのカード発行会社の通常処理ではなく、店舗やATM運営者のレートで行われ、そのレートには通常、店舗に有利であなたに不利な上乗せが含まれます。\nVisaの日本向けガイダンスは、変換を断ればカード会社のレートで現地通貨で処理され、受け入れると円の金額が高くなりうるとATM利用者に案内します。Mastercardも同様に、DCCを現地通貨とカード会員の請求通貨との任意の選択と説明します。\nルールと落とし穴\n常に現地通貨を選び、変換を断りましょう。そうすればカードネットワークと発行会社が両替し、発行会社の海外取引手数料を含めても通常は安くなります。DCCを断ってもその発行会社手数料は消えませんが、その上に乗る店舗/ATMの追加上乗せは消えます。\n落とし穴は、DCCがしばしば初期選択されていたり、親切に聞こえる表現（「自国通貨で支払う」）になっていることです。円の金額と現地通貨の金額の両方を示す画面を探し、現地通貨を選びましょう。海外カードのガイドでは、発行会社手数料の比較を示し、「現地通貨」が実際にいくらかかるかを確認できます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/dynamic-currency-conversion","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:best-overseas-cards","guide:mid-market-vs-bank-rate","guide:exchange-rates-and-fx-markups"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Visa","url":"https://www.visa.co.jp/pay-with-visa/featured-technologies/dynamic-currency-conversion.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Mastercard","url":"https://www.mastercard.us/en-us/personal/get-support/dynamic-currency-conversion.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/visa/","official":true},{"publisher":"EPOS Card","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/en/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"DCCは、海外の店舗やATMが、あなたのカード発行会社ではなく先方のレートで取引を円に変換すると申し出るものです。たいてい割高なので、現地通貨を選び変換を断りましょう。\n店舗やATMのDCCとは何か、海外で自国通貨払いがたいてい割高になる理由、そしてほぼ毎回お金を節約する単純なルール「現地通貨を選ぶ」。\nDCCは、購入をカードネットワークではなく店舗やATM運営者のレートで自国通貨に変換します。\nVisa日本とMastercardはDCCを任意の選択と説明します。断れば、カード会社の通常の現地通貨処理が適用されます。\nDCCの上乗せは店舗ごとで、時に高額です。例示の6%は警告用の例にすぎません。\n基本のコスト管理ルール：決済時もATMでも、常に現地通貨を選びましょう。\nDCCとは何か\nDCCは、海外の店舗端末やATMが、現地通貨ではなく円で請求すると申し出る場合に起こります。変換は、あなたのカード発行会社の通常処理ではなく、店舗やATM運営者のレートで行われ、そのレートには通常、店舗に有利であなたに不利な上乗せが含まれます。\nVisaの日本向けガイダンスは、変換を断ればカード会社のレートで現地通貨で処理され、受け入れると円の金額が高くなりうるとATM利用者に案内します。Mastercardも同様に、DCCを現地通貨とカード会員の請求通貨との任意の選択と説明します。\nルールと落とし穴\n常に現地通貨を選び、変換を断りましょう。そうすればカードネットワークと発行会社が両替し、発行会社の海外取引手数料を含めても通常は安くなります。DCCを断ってもその発行会社手数料は消えませんが、その上に乗る店舗/ATMの追加上乗せは消えます。\n落とし穴は、DCCがしばしば初期選択されていたり、親切に聞こえる表現（「自国通貨で支払う」）になっていることです。円の金額と現地通貨の金額の両方を示す画面を探し、現地通貨を選びましょう。海外カードのガイドでは、発行会社手数料の比較を示し、「現地通貨」が実際にいくらかかるかを確認できます。","url":"/ja/remittance/dynamic-currency-conversion","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:wise-japan-review:ja","entityId":"guide:wise-japan-review","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Wise（ワイズ）日本：レビューと使い方","plainText":"Wiseは日本登録のType I・Type II資金移動業者で、仲値と明示的な手数料を示し、40以上の通貨を保有でき、対象の大口送金を最大1億5,000万円まで支援します。本人確認と、日本住所の既定保有限度100万円が前提です。\nWiseの日本でのライセンス、送金・保有限度、受取用の口座情報、カード、個人/ビジネスの使い分け。頼る前に必要な本人確認と大口送金の要点も。\nWise Payments Japan株式会社として、日本のType I・Type II資金移動業者（登録00040）に登録。\n残高からの送金は最大100万円、対象のType I大口送金は審査前提で最大1億5,000万円。\n日本住所の既定の合計保有限度は100万円。最長6か月、最大2,000万円の一時的な上限設定が可能。\n透明な手数料はコリドーと資金調達で変わり、銀行入金は通常カード入金より安いです。\nWiseができることと利用できる人\nWiseでは、対象通貨の送受金、40以上の通貨の保有、仲値での両替、デビットカードでの支払いができます。現地の受取口座情報（相手が国内送金のように支払える）は、顧客区分と通貨の適格性に依存します。個人・ビジネスの両口座があり、事業・フリーランス収入は規約が許す口座区分を通すべきです。\n本人確認は必須で、身元と、求められれば資金源や事業の書類が必要です。WiseはWise Payments Japan株式会社として、日本のType I・Type II資金移動業者（登録00040）に登録されています。銀行ではないため、残高は預金保険ではなく分別管理（セーフガーディング）で保護されます。\n限度・保有・コスト\n残高からの送金は原則100万円まで、対象のType I大口送金は審査前提で最大1億5,000万円。日本住所の既定の合計保有限度は100万円で、最長6か月・最大2,000万円の一時的な上限を申請でき、短期間だけ大きな額を受け取り保有したいときに便利です。\n手数料は、仲値に対して適用される透明な定額/定率で、コリドー・金額・資金調達方法で変わります。銀行振込での入金は通常カード入金より有利で、Wise利用者間の同一通貨の内部送金は無料のことがあります。大口取引は資金源審査を招きうるので、書類を事前に準備しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/wise-japan-review","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise","product:wise-business"],"guides":["guide:revolut-japan-review","guide:wise-vs-revolut","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:transfer-limits-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/7kL1cM6NQ2LQPMs3kV2X5j/wise-in-japan","official":true},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Wiseは日本登録のType I・Type II資金移動業者で、仲値と明示的な手数料を示し、40以上の通貨を保有でき、対象の大口送金を最大1億5,000万円まで支援します。本人確認と、日本住所の既定保有限度100万円が前提です。\nWiseの日本でのライセンス、送金・保有限度、受取用の口座情報、カード、個人/ビジネスの使い分け。頼る前に必要な本人確認と大口送金の要点も。\nWise Payments Japan株式会社として、日本のType I・Type II資金移動業者（登録00040）に登録。\n残高からの送金は最大100万円、対象のType I大口送金は審査前提で最大1億5,000万円。\n日本住所の既定の合計保有限度は100万円。最長6か月、最大2,000万円の一時的な上限設定が可能。\n透明な手数料はコリドーと資金調達で変わり、銀行入金は通常カード入金より安いです。\nWiseができることと利用できる人\nWiseでは、対象通貨の送受金、40以上の通貨の保有、仲値での両替、デビットカードでの支払いができます。現地の受取口座情報（相手が国内送金のように支払える）は、顧客区分と通貨の適格性に依存します。個人・ビジネスの両口座があり、事業・フリーランス収入は規約が許す口座区分を通すべきです。\n本人確認は必須で、身元と、求められれば資金源や事業の書類が必要です。WiseはWise Payments Japan株式会社として、日本のType I・Type II資金移動業者（登録00040）に登録されています。銀行ではないため、残高は預金保険ではなく分別管理（セーフガーディング）で保護されます。\n限度・保有・コスト\n残高からの送金は原則100万円まで、対象のType I大口送金は審査前提で最大1億5,000万円。日本住所の既定の合計保有限度は100万円で、最長6か月・最大2,000万円の一時的な上限を申請でき、短期間だけ大きな額を受け取り保有したいときに便利です。\n手数料は、仲値に対して適用される透明な定額/定率で、コリドー・金額・資金調達方法で変わります。銀行振込での入金は通常カード入金より有利で、Wise利用者間の同一通貨の内部送金は無料のことがあります。大口取引は資金源審査を招きうるので、書類を事前に準備しましょう。","url":"/ja/remittance/wise-japan-review","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:revolut-japan-review:ja","entityId":"guide:revolut-japan-review","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Revolut（レボリュート）日本：レビューと使い方","plainText":"Revolut日本は登録Type II資金移動業者で、強力なマルチカレンシーアプリとカードを備えます。Standardは市場時間内・枠内なら表示為替手数料なしですが、市場時間外は1%、高頻度利用は0.5%が加わりえます。\nRevolut日本の為替枠、週末・時間外の手数料、送金、カード決済、そして「あなたにとって安いか」を左右するプランの詳細。\n日本のサービスは登録Type II資金移動業者（登録は00060と識別）として運営。\nStandardの通常顧客は市場時間内は表示為替手数料なし。高頻度のStandard利用は0.5%が生じえます。\n市場時間外の法定通貨両替はすべて追加1%。両替は平日の市場時間に計画しましょう。\n一部のSWIFT経路はRevolutの送金手数料なしですが中継手数料が生じえます。対象の「全手数料負担」経路は4,200円。\nアプリ・カードと得意分野\nRevolutは、マルチカレンシー両替、ウォレット、強力な管理機能つきのカード決済、国内・国際送金を提供します。受取・送金機能は口座と経路に依存します。強みは旅行・サブスク・中程度のマルチカレンシー利用で、英語のアプリとヘルプセンターが支えます。\n日本のサービスは、登録Type II資金移動業者（公式の法的資料で登録00060と識別）として運営されます。通常の銀行預金としては提示されないため、残高の保護方法は日本の法的・分別管理の開示を確認しましょう。\nコストを決める手数料\nStandardの通常顧客は、月間の枠内なら市場時間内は表示為替手数料なし。枠を超える高頻度のStandard利用は0.5%が生じえ、定義された市場時間外の法定通貨両替はすべて追加1%です。一部のSWIFT経路はRevolutの送金手数料なしですが中継手数料が生じえ、対象の「全手数料負担」経路は4,200円と掲げられます。\n枠やプラン階層で実際の支払いが変わるため、両替前にアプリ表示の送金・両替枠を確認し、急がない両替は平日の市場時間に。大口や通常と異なる利用では資金源書類を求められることがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/revolut-japan-review","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:wise-japan-review","guide:wise-vs-revolut","guide:weekend-fx-markups","guide:best-overseas-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Revolut","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/standard-fees/","official":true},{"publisher":"Revolut","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/terms/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Revolut日本は登録Type II資金移動業者で、強力なマルチカレンシーアプリとカードを備えます。Standardは市場時間内・枠内なら表示為替手数料なしですが、市場時間外は1%、高頻度利用は0.5%が加わりえます。\nRevolut日本の為替枠、週末・時間外の手数料、送金、カード決済、そして「あなたにとって安いか」を左右するプランの詳細。\n日本のサービスは登録Type II資金移動業者（登録は00060と識別）として運営。\nStandardの通常顧客は市場時間内は表示為替手数料なし。高頻度のStandard利用は0.5%が生じえます。\n市場時間外の法定通貨両替はすべて追加1%。両替は平日の市場時間に計画しましょう。\n一部のSWIFT経路はRevolutの送金手数料なしですが中継手数料が生じえます。対象の「全手数料負担」経路は4,200円。\nアプリ・カードと得意分野\nRevolutは、マルチカレンシー両替、ウォレット、強力な管理機能つきのカード決済、国内・国際送金を提供します。受取・送金機能は口座と経路に依存します。強みは旅行・サブスク・中程度のマルチカレンシー利用で、英語のアプリとヘルプセンターが支えます。\n日本のサービスは、登録Type II資金移動業者（公式の法的資料で登録00060と識別）として運営されます。通常の銀行預金としては提示されないため、残高の保護方法は日本の法的・分別管理の開示を確認しましょう。\nコストを決める手数料\nStandardの通常顧客は、月間の枠内なら市場時間内は表示為替手数料なし。枠を超える高頻度のStandard利用は0.5%が生じえ、定義された市場時間外の法定通貨両替はすべて追加1%です。一部のSWIFT経路はRevolutの送金手数料なしですが中継手数料が生じえ、対象の「全手数料負担」経路は4,200円と掲げられます。\n枠やプラン階層で実際の支払いが変わるため、両替前にアプリ表示の送金・両替枠を確認し、急がない両替は平日の市場時間に。大口や通常と異なる利用では資金源書類を求められることがあります。","url":"/ja/remittance/revolut-japan-review","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sbi-remit-review:ja","entityId":"guide:sbi-remit-review","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SBIレミット：レビューと使い方","plainText":"SBIレミットは日本登録の送金業者で、銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網での払出を手数料約460円から提供します。家族送金や東南アジアのコリドーに強く、原則1回約100万円・年500万円が上限です。\nSBIレミットの銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網、1回あたり・年間の限度、そしてアジア向け家族送金でよく選ばれる理由。\n銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網を含む提携払出。約200の国・地域への提供をうたいます。\n原則、1回あたり1万米ドル相当と100万円の低い方まで、暦年で原則500万円まで。\n手数料は約460円から。ただし実コストは仕向地別の手数料とFX見積で決まります。\n一部コリドーは数分で着金しますが、着金はコンプライアンス・銀行営業時間・現金代理店の在庫に依存します。\n対応範囲と払出方法\nSBIレミットは日本登録の送金業者で、銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網を含む提携払出を提供します。約200の国・地域への提供をうたいますが、利用できる商品は仕向地で異なります。フィリピンなど東南アジアのコリドーや家族送金でまず検討される業者です。\n顧客・目的のスクリーニングがあり、SHA型の経路では受取人が下流控除にさらされうます。払出額とルールが異なるため、見積が銀行入金か現金受取かを確認しましょう。\n限度と手数料\n送金は原則、1回あたり1万米ドル相当と100万円の低い方まで、暦年でおおむね500万円が一般的な上限です。受取（被仕向）は同じ1回あたり上限を共有しますが、月間・年間の明示上限はなく、確認が前提です。入金方法は銀行振込や参加ATM/送金カード経由があり、一部のATM入金には別途の限度や手数料があります。\n手数料は約460円からですが、実コストは仕向地別手数料＋為替マージンです。表示手数料でなく、実際の払出方法での受取額で比較しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/sbi-remit-review","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:wise-vs-sbi-remit","guide:western-union-japan-review","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"SBIレミットは日本登録の送金業者で、銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網での払出を手数料約460円から提供します。家族送金や東南アジアのコリドーに強く、原則1回約100万円・年500万円が上限です。\nSBIレミットの銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網、1回あたり・年間の限度、そしてアジア向け家族送金でよく選ばれる理由。\n銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網を含む提携払出。約200の国・地域への提供をうたいます。\n原則、1回あたり1万米ドル相当と100万円の低い方まで、暦年で原則500万円まで。\n手数料は約460円から。ただし実コストは仕向地別の手数料とFX見積で決まります。\n一部コリドーは数分で着金しますが、着金はコンプライアンス・銀行営業時間・現金代理店の在庫に依存します。\n対応範囲と払出方法\nSBIレミットは日本登録の送金業者で、銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網を含む提携払出を提供します。約200の国・地域への提供をうたいますが、利用できる商品は仕向地で異なります。フィリピンなど東南アジアのコリドーや家族送金でまず検討される業者です。\n顧客・目的のスクリーニングがあり、SHA型の経路では受取人が下流控除にさらされうます。払出額とルールが異なるため、見積が銀行入金か現金受取かを確認しましょう。\n限度と手数料\n送金は原則、1回あたり1万米ドル相当と100万円の低い方まで、暦年でおおむね500万円が一般的な上限です。受取（被仕向）は同じ1回あたり上限を共有しますが、月間・年間の明示上限はなく、確認が前提です。入金方法は銀行振込や参加ATM/送金カード経由があり、一部のATM入金には別途の限度や手数料があります。\n手数料は約460円からですが、実コストは仕向地別手数料＋為替マージンです。表示手数料でなく、実際の払出方法での受取額で比較しましょう。","url":"/ja/remittance/sbi-remit-review","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:western-union-japan-review:ja","entityId":"guide:western-union-japan-review","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ウエスタンユニオン日本：レビューと使い方","plainText":"ウエスタンユニオンは緊急の現金受取や銀行口座のない受取人に最適で、MTCN追跡つきで200超の国に対応します。ただし為替マージンと詐欺リスクがあり、日常送金の既定ではなく熟慮のうえの選択です。\nウエスタンユニオンの現金受取の強み、オンライン・代理店送金、MTCN追跡、為替マージン、そして緊急送金で最も重要な詐欺対策。\nオンライン・アプリ・代理店・銀行口座・現金受取の各手段で200超の国・地域に対応。\n一部経路で手数料は約400円からですが、同社は為替から利益を得ると明示します。\nMTCN追跡が可能。受取には現金在庫・代理店営業時間・受取人IDが決め手になります。\n緊急時や銀行口座のない受取人に最適で、大口の銀行間送金では通常第一候補ではありません。\nウエスタンユニオンが強い場面\nウエスタンユニオンの網は200超の国・地域に及び、オンライン・アプリ・代理店・銀行口座・コンビニ入金・現金受取の手段があります。真の強みは緊急の現金受取と、銀行口座のない受取人への支払です。MTCN追跡で、送り手と受取人が送金を追えます。\n本人確認は必須で、限度は手段・本人確認・仕向地ごとに異なり、大口には強化された書類が求められます。\nコストと詐欺への注意\n一部経路で手数料は約400円からですが、為替マージンは大きくなりえます——同社は為替から利益を得ると明示します。比較時にはそのマージンを含め、プロモーション手数料は通常価格と分けて扱いましょう。\n現金受取は詐欺の典型的な経路です。緊急を主張されたら別経路で確認し、必要最小限を送り、受取番号を公開せず、受取人の正確な氏名とIDを確認し、無関係の「代理人」への送金依頼は詐欺とみなしましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/western-union-japan-review","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:western-union-vs-apps","guide:sbi-remit-review","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud","guide:emergency-transfers-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Western Union","url":"https://www.westernunion.com/jp/en/web/send-money/start","official":true},{"publisher":"Western Union","url":"https://www.westernunion.com/jp/en/terms-conditions.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"ウエスタンユニオンは緊急の現金受取や銀行口座のない受取人に最適で、MTCN追跡つきで200超の国に対応します。ただし為替マージンと詐欺リスクがあり、日常送金の既定ではなく熟慮のうえの選択です。\nウエスタンユニオンの現金受取の強み、オンライン・代理店送金、MTCN追跡、為替マージン、そして緊急送金で最も重要な詐欺対策。\nオンライン・アプリ・代理店・銀行口座・現金受取の各手段で200超の国・地域に対応。\n一部経路で手数料は約400円からですが、同社は為替から利益を得ると明示します。\nMTCN追跡が可能。受取には現金在庫・代理店営業時間・受取人IDが決め手になります。\n緊急時や銀行口座のない受取人に最適で、大口の銀行間送金では通常第一候補ではありません。\nウエスタンユニオンが強い場面\nウエスタンユニオンの網は200超の国・地域に及び、オンライン・アプリ・代理店・銀行口座・コンビニ入金・現金受取の手段があります。真の強みは緊急の現金受取と、銀行口座のない受取人への支払です。MTCN追跡で、送り手と受取人が送金を追えます。\n本人確認は必須で、限度は手段・本人確認・仕向地ごとに異なり、大口には強化された書類が求められます。\nコストと詐欺への注意\n一部経路で手数料は約400円からですが、為替マージンは大きくなりえます——同社は為替から利益を得ると明示します。比較時にはそのマージンを含め、プロモーション手数料は通常価格と分けて扱いましょう。\n現金受取は詐欺の典型的な経路です。緊急を主張されたら別経路で確認し、必要最小限を送り、受取番号を公開せず、受取人の正確な氏名とIDを確認し、無関係の「代理人」への送金依頼は詐欺とみなしましょう。","url":"/ja/remittance/western-union-japan-review","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mufg-international-transfers:ja","entityId":"guide:mufg-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"三菱UFJ銀行の海外送金","plainText":"MUFGはMUFG Directで登録受取人へのオンライン送金と、店頭/Web Support Plusを提供します。オンライン手数料は2,500〜3,000円、店頭は7,000円で、MUFG Directは受取人負担のみ対応です。\n三菱UFJ銀行のオンラインと店頭の送金チャネル、公表手数料とコルレスの選択肢、ISO 20022の変更、そして英語のWeb Support Plus。\nMUFG Directのオンラインは登録受取人への個人送金に対応。店頭または外国送金Web Support Plusも利用可。\nオンライン：指定のMUFG海外拠点へ2,500円、他行へ3,000円。店頭/Web Support Plusは7,000円（手書き＋500円）。\n円または同一通貨の外貨預金からの資金調達は0.05%（最低2,500円）。店頭の送金人負担コルレスは＋3,000円。\nMUFG Directは受取人負担のみ対応。店頭処理は約3営業日かかることがあります。\nチャネルと手数料\nMUFGは、MUFG Directで登録受取人へのオンライン送金に加え、店頭サービスと英語対応の外国送金Web Support Plusを提供します。オンライン手数料は、指定のMUFG海外拠点・関係会社へ2,500円、他行へ3,000円。店頭またはWeb Support Plusは7,000円で、手書き依頼は＋500円です。\n円または同一通貨の外貨預金からの資金調達は、最低2,500円の0.05%取扱手数料が生じえます。送金人負担のコルレスオプションは店頭で＋3,000円ですが、MUFG Directは受取人負担のみ対応です。下流手数料を自分で負担したい場合は店頭ルートが必要になりえます。\nアクセス・英語・変更点\n英語のWeb Support Plusは利用できますが、コンプライアンスの追加確認や資金源書類が求められることがあります。被仕向手数料は通貨と両替経路で異なり、受取時に最新の料金表を確認しましょう。特にMUFGは2026年の改定を告知しています。MUFGは国際メッセージをISO 20022形式へ移行中で、受取人データの要件に影響しえます。\n店頭処理は約3営業日かかることがあるため、時間に厳しい送金は早めに始め、受取人を事前に登録しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/mufg-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:smbc-international-transfers","guide:mizuho-international-transfers","guide:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/tsukau/kaigai/okuru/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社三菱UFJ銀行","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/tesuuryou/furikomi.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"MUFGはMUFG Directで登録受取人へのオンライン送金と、店頭/Web Support Plusを提供します。オンライン手数料は2,500〜3,000円、店頭は7,000円で、MUFG Directは受取人負担のみ対応です。\n三菱UFJ銀行のオンラインと店頭の送金チャネル、公表手数料とコルレスの選択肢、ISO 20022の変更、そして英語のWeb Support Plus。\nMUFG Directのオンラインは登録受取人への個人送金に対応。店頭または外国送金Web Support Plusも利用可。\nオンライン：指定のMUFG海外拠点へ2,500円、他行へ3,000円。店頭/Web Support Plusは7,000円（手書き＋500円）。\n円または同一通貨の外貨預金からの資金調達は0.05%（最低2,500円）。店頭の送金人負担コルレスは＋3,000円。\nMUFG Directは受取人負担のみ対応。店頭処理は約3営業日かかることがあります。\nチャネルと手数料\nMUFGは、MUFG Directで登録受取人へのオンライン送金に加え、店頭サービスと英語対応の外国送金Web Support Plusを提供します。オンライン手数料は、指定のMUFG海外拠点・関係会社へ2,500円、他行へ3,000円。店頭またはWeb Support Plusは7,000円で、手書き依頼は＋500円です。\n円または同一通貨の外貨預金からの資金調達は、最低2,500円の0.05%取扱手数料が生じえます。送金人負担のコルレスオプションは店頭で＋3,000円ですが、MUFG Directは受取人負担のみ対応です。下流手数料を自分で負担したい場合は店頭ルートが必要になりえます。\nアクセス・英語・変更点\n英語のWeb Support Plusは利用できますが、コンプライアンスの追加確認や資金源書類が求められることがあります。被仕向手数料は通貨と両替経路で異なり、受取時に最新の料金表を確認しましょう。特にMUFGは2026年の改定を告知しています。MUFGは国際メッセージをISO 20022形式へ移行中で、受取人データの要件に影響しえます。\n店頭処理は約3営業日かかることがあるため、時間に厳しい送金は早めに始め、受取人を事前に登録しましょう。","url":"/ja/remittance/mufg-international-transfers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:smbc-international-transfers:ja","entityId":"guide:smbc-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"三井住友銀行の海外送金","plainText":"SMBCは（登録と受取人登録のうえで）オンライン送金と店頭を提供します。オンライン手数料は3,000〜3,500円、公表FXマージンは約1ドル1円・1ユーロ1.40円、組戻/内容変更は4,000円です。\n三井住友銀行の事前登録が必要なオンライン送金、7つの送金通貨、公表の米ドル/ユーロFXマージン、マイナンバー要件、受取人登録の所要時間。\nSMBC Directのオンラインは事前登録と受取人登録が必要。店頭も利用可。\nオンライン：SMBC海外拠点へ3,000円、他の海外銀行へ3,500円。送金人負担の関係銀行手数料2,500円、リフティング/円取扱0.05%（最低2,500円）。\n公表FXマージンは約1ドル1円・1ユーロ1.40円。組戻・内容変更は4,000円。\n送金は7通貨（外貨6＋円）。マイナンバーと本人確認書類のアップロードが必要。\n準備・通貨・手数料\nSMBCは、事前登録と受取人登録のうえでSMBC Direct経由のオンライン送金と、店頭サービスを提供します。送金通貨は7つ——外貨6＋円です。オンライン手数料は、SMBC海外拠点へ3,000円、他の海外銀行へ3,500円。送金人負担の関係銀行手数料は2,500円、リフティングまたは円取扱は最低2,500円の0.05%です。\n公表FXマージンは約1ドル1円・1ユーロ1.40円で、これが両替の実コストです。組戻・内容変更は4,000円。外貨から円への被仕向受取は原則1,500円で、同一通貨や円の受取も経路により0.05%（最低2,500円）が生じえます。\nマイナンバー・登録・所要時間\nマイナンバーと本人確認書類のアップロードが必要です。受取人登録はISO 20022移行期に1〜2週間かかることがあり、2024年より前の受取人記録は2026年8月から再登録が必要になりえます。前もって計画し、時間に厳しい送金の前には保存済み受取人を再確認しましょう。\n準備と登録が先行するため、SMBCは一度きりの緊急支払よりも、同じ受取人に繰り返し送る居住者に向いています。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/smbc-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-international-transfers","guide:mizuho-international-transfers","guide:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","guide:our-sha-ben-fees"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社三井住友銀行","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/fee/furikomi.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社三井住友銀行","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/aboutus/profile/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"SMBCは（登録と受取人登録のうえで）オンライン送金と店頭を提供します。オンライン手数料は3,000〜3,500円、公表FXマージンは約1ドル1円・1ユーロ1.40円、組戻/内容変更は4,000円です。\n三井住友銀行の事前登録が必要なオンライン送金、7つの送金通貨、公表の米ドル/ユーロFXマージン、マイナンバー要件、受取人登録の所要時間。\nSMBC Directのオンラインは事前登録と受取人登録が必要。店頭も利用可。\nオンライン：SMBC海外拠点へ3,000円、他の海外銀行へ3,500円。送金人負担の関係銀行手数料2,500円、リフティング/円取扱0.05%（最低2,500円）。\n公表FXマージンは約1ドル1円・1ユーロ1.40円。組戻・内容変更は4,000円。\n送金は7通貨（外貨6＋円）。マイナンバーと本人確認書類のアップロードが必要。\n準備・通貨・手数料\nSMBCは、事前登録と受取人登録のうえでSMBC Direct経由のオンライン送金と、店頭サービスを提供します。送金通貨は7つ——外貨6＋円です。オンライン手数料は、SMBC海外拠点へ3,000円、他の海外銀行へ3,500円。送金人負担の関係銀行手数料は2,500円、リフティングまたは円取扱は最低2,500円の0.05%です。\n公表FXマージンは約1ドル1円・1ユーロ1.40円で、これが両替の実コストです。組戻・内容変更は4,000円。外貨から円への被仕向受取は原則1,500円で、同一通貨や円の受取も経路により0.05%（最低2,500円）が生じえます。\nマイナンバー・登録・所要時間\nマイナンバーと本人確認書類のアップロードが必要です。受取人登録はISO 20022移行期に1〜2週間かかることがあり、2024年より前の受取人記録は2026年8月から再登録が必要になりえます。前もって計画し、時間に厳しい送金の前には保存済み受取人を再確認しましょう。\n準備と登録が先行するため、SMBCは一度きりの緊急支払よりも、同じ受取人に繰り返し送る居住者に向いています。","url":"/ja/remittance/smbc-international-transfers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mizuho-international-transfers:ja","entityId":"guide:mizuho-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"みずほ銀行の海外送金","plainText":"みずほは対象の個人顧客向けにアプリ送金を5,000円、店頭を8,000〜8,500円で提供します。マイナンバーが必要で、被仕向は原則2,500円、組戻は5,500円です。\nみずほ銀行のアプリ・店頭送金手数料、受取人審査、マイナンバー要件、被仕向コスト、組戻手数料、そして誰に向くか。\nみずほダイレクトのアプリ送金は対象の個人顧客で5,000円。店頭は8,000〜8,500円。\n送金人負担のコルレス手数料2,500円、内容変更4,500円、組戻5,500円。\n個人の被仕向手数料は原則2,500円。両替は銀行の適用レート。\nマイナンバー登録が必要。アプリ登録と受取人審査に数営業日かかります。\n手数料とチャネル\n対象の個人顧客は、みずほダイレクトのアプリで5,000円で送金できます。店頭はみずほ宛8,000円、他行宛8,500円。送金人負担のコルレス手数料は2,500円、内容変更4,500円、組戻5,500円。個人の被仕向は原則2,500円で、両替は銀行の適用レートです。\n事業目的や対象外口座の制限があるため、アプリチャネルを当てにする前に自分の口座区分が許可されているか確認しましょう。\nマイナンバーと準備時間\nマイナンバーの登録が必要です。アプリ登録と受取人審査に数営業日かかり、状況はアプリに表示されます。準備に時間がかかり、小口に対して定額手数料が高いため、みずほは小口の一回払いよりも、大口や定期の送金を行う既存顧客に向いています。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/mizuho-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-international-transfers","guide:smbc-international-transfers","guide:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","guide:incoming-bank-fees"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社みずほ銀行","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/rate_fee/fee_furikomi.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社みずほ銀行","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/company/info/profile.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"みずほは対象の個人顧客向けにアプリ送金を5,000円、店頭を8,000〜8,500円で提供します。マイナンバーが必要で、被仕向は原則2,500円、組戻は5,500円です。\nみずほ銀行のアプリ・店頭送金手数料、受取人審査、マイナンバー要件、被仕向コスト、組戻手数料、そして誰に向くか。\nみずほダイレクトのアプリ送金は対象の個人顧客で5,000円。店頭は8,000〜8,500円。\n送金人負担のコルレス手数料2,500円、内容変更4,500円、組戻5,500円。\n個人の被仕向手数料は原則2,500円。両替は銀行の適用レート。\nマイナンバー登録が必要。アプリ登録と受取人審査に数営業日かかります。\n手数料とチャネル\n対象の個人顧客は、みずほダイレクトのアプリで5,000円で送金できます。店頭はみずほ宛8,000円、他行宛8,500円。送金人負担のコルレス手数料は2,500円、内容変更4,500円、組戻5,500円。個人の被仕向は原則2,500円で、両替は銀行の適用レートです。\n事業目的や対象外口座の制限があるため、アプリチャネルを当てにする前に自分の口座区分が許可されているか確認しましょう。\nマイナンバーと準備時間\nマイナンバーの登録が必要です。アプリ登録と受取人審査に数営業日かかり、状況はアプリに表示されます。準備に時間がかかり、小口に対して定額手数料が高いため、みずほは小口の一回払いよりも、大口や定期の送金を行う既存顧客に向いています。","url":"/ja/remittance/mizuho-international-transfers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:japan-post-bank-international-transfers:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-post-bank-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ゆうちょ銀行の海外送金","plainText":"ゆうちょ銀行はブラウザ送金を1回3,000円（1回100万円未満・1日200万円・月500万円）で提供しますが、送金画面は日本語のみです。英語の受取指示は米ドル・ユーロのみ対応で、中継控除が開示されています。\nゆうちょ銀行の日本語のみの送金Webサービス、1回・月間の限度、マイナンバー要件、そして米ドル/ユーロのみの受取指示と開示された中継控除。\n個人向けのゆうちょ国際送金（ブラウザ）。仕向1回あたり3,000円。\n限度：1回100万円未満・1日200万円・月500万円。マイナンバー必須。\n送金サイトは日本語のみで、一部の項目は日本語入力が必要。\n受取指示は米ドル・ユーロのみ対応（BIC JPPSJPJ2）。中継控除は10ドル（米ドル）・5ユーロ（ユーロ）を開示。\n仕向サービスと限度\nゆうちょ銀行は、個人の口座保有者向けにブラウザ版のゆうちょ国際送金を、申込時の公表レートで1回3,000円で提供します。中継・受取手数料が別途差し引かれることがあります。限度は1回100万円未満・1日200万円・月500万円で、マイナンバーが必要です。\n重要な制約は言語です。送金サイトは日本語のみで、一部の入力は日本語で行う必要があります。個人口座で法人取引はできません。\nゆうちょ銀行での受取\n英語の受取指示は米ドルとユーロに対応します。BIC JPPSJPJ2、正しく整形した口座番号、登録された英語の口座名義と住所を使い、記号・番号の変換を正確に行いましょう。ゆうちょ銀行は、対象の米ドル受取に10ドル、ユーロ受取に5ユーロの定額中継控除を開示し、さらに追加の中継手数料が差し引かれうると注意します。\n受取通貨が限られるため、給与や年金をここに指定する前に、送り手が米ドルまたはユーロで支払えるか確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/japan-post-bank-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:japan-post-bank"],"guides":["guide:rakuten-vs-japan-post","guide:incoming-bank-fees","guide:receive-international-transfer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"ゆうちょ銀行はブラウザ送金を1回3,000円（1回100万円未満・1日200万円・月500万円）で提供しますが、送金画面は日本語のみです。英語の受取指示は米ドル・ユーロのみ対応で、中継控除が開示されています。\nゆうちょ銀行の日本語のみの送金Webサービス、1回・月間の限度、マイナンバー要件、そして米ドル/ユーロのみの受取指示と開示された中継控除。\n個人向けのゆうちょ国際送金（ブラウザ）。仕向1回あたり3,000円。\n限度：1回100万円未満・1日200万円・月500万円。マイナンバー必須。\n送金サイトは日本語のみで、一部の項目は日本語入力が必要。\n受取指示は米ドル・ユーロのみ対応（BIC JPPSJPJ2）。中継控除は10ドル（米ドル）・5ユーロ（ユーロ）を開示。\n仕向サービスと限度\nゆうちょ銀行は、個人の口座保有者向けにブラウザ版のゆうちょ国際送金を、申込時の公表レートで1回3,000円で提供します。中継・受取手数料が別途差し引かれることがあります。限度は1回100万円未満・1日200万円・月500万円で、マイナンバーが必要です。\n重要な制約は言語です。送金サイトは日本語のみで、一部の入力は日本語で行う必要があります。個人口座で法人取引はできません。\nゆうちょ銀行での受取\n英語の受取指示は米ドルとユーロに対応します。BIC JPPSJPJ2、正しく整形した口座番号、登録された英語の口座名義と住所を使い、記号・番号の変換を正確に行いましょう。ゆうちょ銀行は、対象の米ドル受取に10ドル、ユーロ受取に5ユーロの定額中継控除を開示し、さらに追加の中継手数料が差し引かれうると注意します。\n受取通貨が限られるため、給与や年金をここに指定する前に、送り手が米ドルまたはユーロで支払えるか確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/remittance/japan-post-bank-international-transfers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:prestia-international-transfers:ja","entityId":"guide:prestia-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SMBC信託銀行プレスティアの海外送金","plainText":"プレスティアは強い英語対応の送金と外貨バンキングを提供します。標準のオンライン送金は3,500円（対象の100万円取引残高で2,000円、Gold階層は無料）ですが、オンライン送金は法人口座や事業目的資金には使えません。\nプレスティアの英語対応送金、残高に連動する手数料階層、MultiMoney外貨口座、GLOBAL PASS、そしてオンライン送金の事業目的制限。\n個人向けにオンライン・電話・店頭・郵送の送金。遠隔チャネルは受取人の事前登録が必要。\n標準オンライン3,500円、対象の100万円取引残高で2,000円、Gold階層は無料、店頭は原則7,000円。\n「全額負担」のコルレス指示は1,500円だが、中継が課金しうる。\n強い英語対応。MultiMoney外貨口座とGLOBAL PASSマルチカレンシーデビット。オンラインの事業目的送金は不可。\n英語対応と手数料階層\nプレスティア（SMBC信託銀行）は個人顧客向けの英語対応の有力な選択肢で、オンライン・電話・店頭・郵送の送金があります。遠隔チャネルは受取人の事前登録が必要です。標準のオンライン送金は3,500円で、対象の100万円取引残高で2,000円、Gold階層は無料に下がります。店頭は原則7,000円です。\n「全額負担」のコルレス指示は1,500円で利用できますが、中継が課金しうるため、満額到着を保証ではなく改善するものです。外貨の受取は対応するMultiMoney通貨で保有できますが、中継手数料は残ることがあります。\n外貨とカード\nプレスティアの強みは外貨業務です。MultiMoney口座は複数通貨を保有でき、GLOBAL PASSは海外購入とATM引出に対応するマルチカレンシーVisaデビットです。GLOBAL PASSの取引手数料は無料と掲げられますが、ATM運営者や両替の手数料が生じえます。\n重要な制限：オンライン送金は法人口座や事業目的資金には使えません。フリーランスや事業者は、クライアント支払でプレスティアを使う前に許可された経路を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/prestia-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:smbc-prestia"],"guides":["guide:sony-bank-international-transfers","guide:prestia-vs-sony-bank","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/fees/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/overseas_remittance/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/globalpass/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"プレスティアは強い英語対応の送金と外貨バンキングを提供します。標準のオンライン送金は3,500円（対象の100万円取引残高で2,000円、Gold階層は無料）ですが、オンライン送金は法人口座や事業目的資金には使えません。\nプレスティアの英語対応送金、残高に連動する手数料階層、MultiMoney外貨口座、GLOBAL PASS、そしてオンライン送金の事業目的制限。\n個人向けにオンライン・電話・店頭・郵送の送金。遠隔チャネルは受取人の事前登録が必要。\n標準オンライン3,500円、対象の100万円取引残高で2,000円、Gold階層は無料、店頭は原則7,000円。\n「全額負担」のコルレス指示は1,500円だが、中継が課金しうる。\n強い英語対応。MultiMoney外貨口座とGLOBAL PASSマルチカレンシーデビット。オンラインの事業目的送金は不可。\n英語対応と手数料階層\nプレスティア（SMBC信託銀行）は個人顧客向けの英語対応の有力な選択肢で、オンライン・電話・店頭・郵送の送金があります。遠隔チャネルは受取人の事前登録が必要です。標準のオンライン送金は3,500円で、対象の100万円取引残高で2,000円、Gold階層は無料に下がります。店頭は原則7,000円です。\n「全額負担」のコルレス指示は1,500円で利用できますが、中継が課金しうるため、満額到着を保証ではなく改善するものです。外貨の受取は対応するMultiMoney通貨で保有できますが、中継手数料は残ることがあります。\n外貨とカード\nプレスティアの強みは外貨業務です。MultiMoney口座は複数通貨を保有でき、GLOBAL PASSは海外購入とATM引出に対応するマルチカレンシーVisaデビットです。GLOBAL PASSの取引手数料は無料と掲げられますが、ATM運営者や両替の手数料が生じえます。\n重要な制限：オンライン送金は法人口座や事業目的資金には使えません。フリーランスや事業者は、クライアント支払でプレスティアを使う前に許可された経路を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/remittance/prestia-international-transfers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:sony-bank-international-transfers:ja","entityId":"guide:sony-bank-international-transfers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ソニー銀行の海外送金","plainText":"ソニー銀行は、11の送金通貨で24時間対応のオンライン外国送金を3,000円（Club S Platinumで月3回まで無料）で提供し、対象の外貨給与・年金を受け取り、10の外貨残高から直接支払うSony Bank WALLETと連携します。\nソニー銀行のオンライン外国送金、11の送金通貨、外貨の給与・年金の受取、Club Sの手数料優遇、そしてSony Bank WALLETが外貨残高をどう使うか。\n受取人の事前登録後にオンライン外国送金。メンテナンス時を除き原則24時間対応。\n仕向3,000円、対象のClub S Platinumで月3回まで無料。送金通貨は11をうたう。\n対象の外貨給与・年金・保険・投資の受取に、審査と口座適合を前提に対応。\nSony Bank WALLETは10の対応外貨残高から直接支払う。非対応通貨や残高なしの利用は1.79%。\n送金と受取\nソニー銀行は、受取人の事前登録後にオンライン外国送金を提供し、メンテナンス時を除き原則24時間利用できます。仕向手数料は3,000円で、対象のClub S Platinumでは月3回まで無料、送金通貨は11をうたいます（支払銀行の手数料は別途）。\n受取側では、ソニー銀行は外貨の給与・年金・保険・投資などの対象送金の受取に、審査と口座適合を前提に対応します。掲載の商品条件のもと、15歳以上の日本居住の個人にとって、外貨所得の実務的な受け皿になります。\n海外でのSony Bank WALLET\nSony Bank WALLETは、10の対応外貨口座から直接支払うVisaデビットで、残高不足時に対応通貨を自動購入する「円アシスト」機能があります。一致する残高から支払うと両替コストは入金時に既に発生済みで、非対応通貨や一致残高なしの支払は1.79%です。\nATMでは、非対応または円からの引出は1.79%＋220円で、ATM運営者手数料が加わることがあります。返金が外貨で戻ることや、加盟店の清算遅延で追加の円引落が生じることもあるため、外貨残高は能動的に管理しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/sony-bank-international-transfers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:sony-bank"],"guides":["guide:prestia-international-transfers","guide:prestia-vs-sony-bank","guide:best-overseas-cards","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/guide/fct_transfer/04.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/guide/fct_transfer/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/visa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"ソニー銀行は、11の送金通貨で24時間対応のオンライン外国送金を3,000円（Club S Platinumで月3回まで無料）で提供し、対象の外貨給与・年金を受け取り、10の外貨残高から直接支払うSony Bank WALLETと連携します。\nソニー銀行のオンライン外国送金、11の送金通貨、外貨の給与・年金の受取、Club Sの手数料優遇、そしてSony Bank WALLETが外貨残高をどう使うか。\n受取人の事前登録後にオンライン外国送金。メンテナンス時を除き原則24時間対応。\n仕向3,000円、対象のClub S Platinumで月3回まで無料。送金通貨は11をうたう。\n対象の外貨給与・年金・保険・投資の受取に、審査と口座適合を前提に対応。\nSony Bank WALLETは10の対応外貨残高から直接支払う。非対応通貨や残高なしの利用は1.79%。\n送金と受取\nソニー銀行は、受取人の事前登録後にオンライン外国送金を提供し、メンテナンス時を除き原則24時間利用できます。仕向手数料は3,000円で、対象のClub S Platinumでは月3回まで無料、送金通貨は11をうたいます（支払銀行の手数料は別途）。\n受取側では、ソニー銀行は外貨の給与・年金・保険・投資などの対象送金の受取に、審査と口座適合を前提に対応します。掲載の商品条件のもと、15歳以上の日本居住の個人にとって、外貨所得の実務的な受け皿になります。\n海外でのSony Bank WALLET\nSony Bank WALLETは、10の対応外貨口座から直接支払うVisaデビットで、残高不足時に対応通貨を自動購入する「円アシスト」機能があります。一致する残高から支払うと両替コストは入金時に既に発生済みで、非対応通貨や一致残高なしの支払は1.79%です。\nATMでは、非対応または円からの引出は1.79%＋220円で、ATM運営者手数料が加わることがあります。返金が外貨で戻ることや、加盟店の清算遅延で追加の円引落が生じることもあるため、外貨残高は能動的に管理しましょう。","url":"/ja/remittance/sony-bank-international-transfers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:send-money-abroad:ja","entityId":"guide:send-money-abroad","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本から海外へ送金する方法","plainText":"金額と仕向地に応じた経路を選び、正確な受取人情報を集め、同時刻に受取額で業者を比較し、受取人を独自に確認し、銀行振込で入金し、追跡し、記録を残します。\n手順の全体像：適切な経路を選び、受取人情報を集め、同時刻に見積を比較し、受取人を確認し、入金し、追跡し、記録を残す。\n仕事に経路を合わせる：小口は専門業者、大口や書類を伴うものは銀行かType Iサービス。\n正確な口座名義に加え、仕向地の識別子（IBAN・ABA・ソートコード・BSB・IFSC・口座/支店）を集める。\n同時刻・同一引落総額での受取額で比較する——宣伝手数料ではなく。\n新しい受取人は独自に確認し、銀行振込で入金し、控えとFX記録を残す。\n7つのステップ\n1）経路を選ぶ。小口の個人送金は専門業者（Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai・ウエスタンユニオン）を比較。大口や書類を伴う送金は銀行かType I業者。2）受取人情報を集める：正確な口座名義と住所、銀行名、仕向地の口座識別子（欧州はIBANとBIC、米国はABAルーティング番号、英国はソートコード、豪州はBSB、インドはIFSC、または国内の口座・支店コード）と、必要な目的・レファレンス。\n3）同一の引落総額・通貨・仕向地・資金調達・受取方法で、同時刻に見積を比較。4）新しい受取人は独自に確認——メールでの口座変更だけで動かない。5）入金する。通常は銀行振込で、カード入金より安いことが多い。6）アプリまたはSWIFTレファレンスで追跡。7）控え・使用した為替レート・目的書類を、税務と紛争のために保管。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/send-money-abroad","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:compare-transfer-quotes","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","guide:large-transfers-from-japan","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"金額と仕向地に応じた経路を選び、正確な受取人情報を集め、同時刻に受取額で業者を比較し、受取人を独自に確認し、銀行振込で入金し、追跡し、記録を残します。\n手順の全体像：適切な経路を選び、受取人情報を集め、同時刻に見積を比較し、受取人を確認し、入金し、追跡し、記録を残す。\n仕事に経路を合わせる：小口は専門業者、大口や書類を伴うものは銀行かType Iサービス。\n正確な口座名義に加え、仕向地の識別子（IBAN・ABA・ソートコード・BSB・IFSC・口座/支店）を集める。\n同時刻・同一引落総額での受取額で比較する——宣伝手数料ではなく。\n新しい受取人は独自に確認し、銀行振込で入金し、控えとFX記録を残す。\n7つのステップ\n1）経路を選ぶ。小口の個人送金は専門業者（Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai・ウエスタンユニオン）を比較。大口や書類を伴う送金は銀行かType I業者。2）受取人情報を集める：正確な口座名義と住所、銀行名、仕向地の口座識別子（欧州はIBANとBIC、米国はABAルーティング番号、英国はソートコード、豪州はBSB、インドはIFSC、または国内の口座・支店コード）と、必要な目的・レファレンス。\n3）同一の引落総額・通貨・仕向地・資金調達・受取方法で、同時刻に見積を比較。4）新しい受取人は独自に確認——メールでの口座変更だけで動かない。5）入金する。通常は銀行振込で、カード入金より安いことが多い。6）アプリまたはSWIFTレファレンスで追跡。7）控え・使用した為替レート・目的書類を、税務と紛争のために保管。","url":"/ja/remittance/send-money-abroad","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:receive-international-transfer:ja","entityId":"guide:receive-international-transfer","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で海外送金を受け取る方法","plainText":"送り手に銀行の被仕向SWIFT指示（またはプラットフォームの現地受取情報）を渡し、対応通貨を確認し、被仕向・中継手数料を見込み、受取は送金自体でなく「そのお金が何か」（所得・贈与・自分の貯蓄）で課税されることを覚えておきましょう。\n被仕向SWIFTの指示、現地の受取口座情報、対応通貨、被仕向手数料と中継控除、税務上の性質、そして着金までの追跡方法。\nSWIFTで受け取るには、銀行のBIC・口座番号/形式・登録された英語名義と住所を送り手に渡します。\nプラットフォーム（Wise・Payoneer）は一部通貨で現地受取情報を提供し、送り手が国内送金のように支払えます。\n被仕向手数料と中継控除を見込む。受取通貨を限る銀行もあります（ゆうちょ：米ドル/ユーロ）。\n受取自体は課税事由ではありません。給与・贈与・相続・自分の貯蓄かで税務が決まります。\n送り手に正しい情報を渡す\n銀行でのSWIFT受取には、銀行のBIC/SWIFTコード、正しく整形した口座番号、登録された英語の口座名義と住所を渡します。これらは完全一致が必要で、違うと遅延・返送されえます。たとえばゆうちょ銀行はBIC JPPSJPJ2を使い、米ドル・ユーロの受取に対応し、10ドル（米ドル）・5ユーロ（ユーロ）の中継控除を開示します。\nあるいはWiseやPayoneerのようなプラットフォームが、一部通貨で現地受取情報を提供し、送り手が国内送金のように支払えて一部の中継控除を避けられます。給与や年金を指定する前に対応通貨を確認し、被仕向手数料と中継手数料の可能性を見込みましょう。\n税務上の性質と追跡\n被仕向送金は、届いただけでは課税されません。税務はお金の本来の性質に従います：給与は所得、無償の移転は贈与になりうる、相続資金は相続税が関わりうる、そして自分の貯蓄を口座間で移すのは通常は新たな所得ではありません。送金の控えだけでは税務証拠として不十分なので、給与明細・請求書・売買契約・口座明細などの原資料を残しましょう。\nお金が遅い場合は、送り手に送金レファレンスを尋ね、SWIFT送金なら送り手の銀行に追跡を依頼してもらいましょう。gpi追跡は機関レベルで利用できることがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/receive-international-transfer","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:japan-post-bank"],"guides":["guide:foreign-salary-in-japan","guide:freelance-payments-from-overseas","guide:incoming-bank-fees","guide:are-transfers-taxable"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Payoneer","url":"https://www.payoneer.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"送り手に銀行の被仕向SWIFT指示（またはプラットフォームの現地受取情報）を渡し、対応通貨を確認し、被仕向・中継手数料を見込み、受取は送金自体でなく「そのお金が何か」（所得・贈与・自分の貯蓄）で課税されることを覚えておきましょう。\n被仕向SWIFTの指示、現地の受取口座情報、対応通貨、被仕向手数料と中継控除、税務上の性質、そして着金までの追跡方法。\nSWIFTで受け取るには、銀行のBIC・口座番号/形式・登録された英語名義と住所を送り手に渡します。\nプラットフォーム（Wise・Payoneer）は一部通貨で現地受取情報を提供し、送り手が国内送金のように支払えます。\n被仕向手数料と中継控除を見込む。受取通貨を限る銀行もあります（ゆうちょ：米ドル/ユーロ）。\n受取自体は課税事由ではありません。給与・贈与・相続・自分の貯蓄かで税務が決まります。\n送り手に正しい情報を渡す\n銀行でのSWIFT受取には、銀行のBIC/SWIFTコード、正しく整形した口座番号、登録された英語の口座名義と住所を渡します。これらは完全一致が必要で、違うと遅延・返送されえます。たとえばゆうちょ銀行はBIC JPPSJPJ2を使い、米ドル・ユーロの受取に対応し、10ドル（米ドル）・5ユーロ（ユーロ）の中継控除を開示します。\nあるいはWiseやPayoneerのようなプラットフォームが、一部通貨で現地受取情報を提供し、送り手が国内送金のように支払えて一部の中継控除を避けられます。給与や年金を指定する前に対応通貨を確認し、被仕向手数料と中継手数料の可能性を見込みましょう。\n税務上の性質と追跡\n被仕向送金は、届いただけでは課税されません。税務はお金の本来の性質に従います：給与は所得、無償の移転は贈与になりうる、相続資金は相続税が関わりうる、そして自分の貯蓄を口座間で移すのは通常は新たな所得ではありません。送金の控えだけでは税務証拠として不十分なので、給与明細・請求書・売買契約・口座明細などの原資料を残しましょう。\nお金が遅い場合は、送り手に送金レファレンスを尋ね、SWIFT送金なら送り手の銀行に追跡を依頼してもらいましょう。gpi追跡は機関レベルで利用できることがあります。","url":"/ja/remittance/receive-international-transfer","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本から送金する最も安い方法","plainText":"普遍的な最安業者はありません。勝者は金額・コリドー・資金調達・受取方法で変わるため、あなたの送金の受取額を同時刻で比較しましょう。小口は専門業者、大口は交渉FXの銀行が有利なことが多いです。\n文脈抜きの最安業者が存在しない理由、金額とコリドーでコストが変わること、そしてあなたの送金で最安ルートを見つける同時刻の方法。\n普遍的な最安業者はありません。勝者は金額・コリドー・資金調達・受取方法で変わります。\n小口は定額の銀行手数料が支配的で、専門業者（Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai・ウエスタンユニオン）が有利なことが多い。\n大口はFXマージンが支配的で、交渉した銀行レートや低マージンのType I業者が有利なことが多い。\n銀行振込で入金し、初回プロモーションを除き、同時刻の受取額で比較する。\n答えが「場合による」理由\n総コスト・受取額・時間は、金額・通貨ペア・資金調達と受取方法・見積の瞬間で決まります。フィリピンへの3万円の現金受取ではコリドー特化の送金会社がマルチカレンシーより有利なことがあり、3,000万円の書類を伴う不動産取引では銀行やType I業者が適切なことがあります。だから正直な「最安」ページは、固定順位ではなく方法です。\n構造的なルール：小口では定額の送金・中継・受取手数料が大きな割合になるため、現地で集金・支払する専門業者が有利なことが多い。大口では為替マージンが金額に比例して支配的になるため、FXレートの交渉や低マージン業者の比較の方が、手数料を削るより節約になります。\n同時刻の方法\n同一の引落総額・通貨・仕向地・資金調達・受取方法で、複数業者から同じ分内に見積を取り、受取額（実効レート）を比較します。カード手数料を避けるため銀行振込で入金し、初回プロモーションは別行に記録して継続コスト比較を歪めないようにします。\n小口は専門業者のショートリストから、大口は自分の銀行を加えて交渉レートを尋ねましょう。送金コストのワークシートで受取額を総実効コストに換算し、その送金での最安を選びます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:compare-transfer-quotes","guide:transfer-fees-explained","guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true},{"publisher":"European Central Bank","url":"https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html","official":false}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"普遍的な最安業者はありません。勝者は金額・コリドー・資金調達・受取方法で変わるため、あなたの送金の受取額を同時刻で比較しましょう。小口は専門業者、大口は交渉FXの銀行が有利なことが多いです。\n文脈抜きの最安業者が存在しない理由、金額とコリドーでコストが変わること、そしてあなたの送金で最安ルートを見つける同時刻の方法。\n普遍的な最安業者はありません。勝者は金額・コリドー・資金調達・受取方法で変わります。\n小口は定額の銀行手数料が支配的で、専門業者（Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai・ウエスタンユニオン）が有利なことが多い。\n大口はFXマージンが支配的で、交渉した銀行レートや低マージンのType I業者が有利なことが多い。\n銀行振込で入金し、初回プロモーションを除き、同時刻の受取額で比較する。\n答えが「場合による」理由\n総コスト・受取額・時間は、金額・通貨ペア・資金調達と受取方法・見積の瞬間で決まります。フィリピンへの3万円の現金受取ではコリドー特化の送金会社がマルチカレンシーより有利なことがあり、3,000万円の書類を伴う不動産取引では銀行やType I業者が適切なことがあります。だから正直な「最安」ページは、固定順位ではなく方法です。\n構造的なルール：小口では定額の送金・中継・受取手数料が大きな割合になるため、現地で集金・支払する専門業者が有利なことが多い。大口では為替マージンが金額に比例して支配的になるため、FXレートの交渉や低マージン業者の比較の方が、手数料を削るより節約になります。\n同時刻の方法\n同一の引落総額・通貨・仕向地・資金調達・受取方法で、複数業者から同じ分内に見積を取り、受取額（実効レート）を比較します。カード手数料を避けるため銀行振込で入金し、初回プロモーションは別行に記録して継続コスト比較を歪めないようにします。\n小口は専門業者のショートリストから、大口は自分の銀行を加えて交渉レートを尋ねましょう。送金コストのワークシートで受取額を総実効コストに換算し、その送金での最安を選びます。","url":"/ja/remittance/cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:large-transfers-from-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:large-transfers-from-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本から大口の海外送金をする方法","plainText":"大口では、Type I業者か銀行を使い、同時刻の書面見積を取り交渉FXレートを求め、資金源書類を事前に整え、受取人を独自に確認し、数週間前から始めましょう。大口では定額手数料でなく為替マージンが主コストだからです。\n100万円超を送る：Type Iサービスと銀行、FXレートの交渉、資金源書類の準備、受取人確認、所要時間、そして専門家に相談すべき場面。\n100万円超はType I業者（対象送金でWiseは最大1億5,000万円）か銀行を使う。強化審査を見込む。\n大口はFXマージンが支配的——銀行に交渉レートや市場連動レートを尋ねる。\n資金源書類を事前に整え、送る前に受取人を独自に確認する。\n受取人登録・資金源審査・決済日が絡むなら数週間前から。まず少額テストを送る。\n経路とレート\n100万円超の送金は通常、Type I資金移動サービスか銀行が必要です。Wiseは日本発の対象Type I送金を最大1億5,000万円まで、Kyodaiは審査前提で1,000万円のType I上限、メガバンクは大口送金を扱い基準額超で市場連動レートを提示しえます（例：りそなは大口の市場連動扱いに言及）。\n大口では為替マージンが主コストで、金額に比例します（定額手数料は比例しません）。銀行とType I業者から同時刻の書面見積を取り、確定前に交渉FXレートが可能か銀行に明示的に尋ねましょう。\n書類・確認・所要時間\n資金源の書類を事前に準備しましょう——給与明細・確定申告書・貯蓄の履歴・売買契約・検認書類など、不自然な空白なく蓄積の経緯を示すもの。大口は通常、強化審査の対象で、明確な書類の連なりが最短路です。\n受取人を独自に確認しましょう。特に不動産では、弁護士・公証人・タイトル会社・売主に、独自に入手した連絡先で口座情報を確認し、メールでの変更だけで動かないこと。受取人登録・資金源審査・銀行休業日・決済日が絡むなら数週間前から始め、受取人が分割を禁じない限りまず少額テストを送ります。相続・不動産・贈与・信託・米国税務が絡むなら、クロスボーダーの専門家に相談しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/large-transfers-from-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:transfer-limits-japan","guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"Resona Bank, Limited","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/kojin/gaika/kaigai_soukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Unidos Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.kyodai-remittance.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"大口では、Type I業者か銀行を使い、同時刻の書面見積を取り交渉FXレートを求め、資金源書類を事前に整え、受取人を独自に確認し、数週間前から始めましょう。大口では定額手数料でなく為替マージンが主コストだからです。\n100万円超を送る：Type Iサービスと銀行、FXレートの交渉、資金源書類の準備、受取人確認、所要時間、そして専門家に相談すべき場面。\n100万円超はType I業者（対象送金でWiseは最大1億5,000万円）か銀行を使う。強化審査を見込む。\n大口はFXマージンが支配的——銀行に交渉レートや市場連動レートを尋ねる。\n資金源書類を事前に整え、送る前に受取人を独自に確認する。\n受取人登録・資金源審査・決済日が絡むなら数週間前から。まず少額テストを送る。\n経路とレート\n100万円超の送金は通常、Type I資金移動サービスか銀行が必要です。Wiseは日本発の対象Type I送金を最大1億5,000万円まで、Kyodaiは審査前提で1,000万円のType I上限、メガバンクは大口送金を扱い基準額超で市場連動レートを提示しえます（例：りそなは大口の市場連動扱いに言及）。\n大口では為替マージンが主コストで、金額に比例します（定額手数料は比例しません）。銀行とType I業者から同時刻の書面見積を取り、確定前に交渉FXレートが可能か銀行に明示的に尋ねましょう。\n書類・確認・所要時間\n資金源の書類を事前に準備しましょう——給与明細・確定申告書・貯蓄の履歴・売買契約・検認書類など、不自然な空白なく蓄積の経緯を示すもの。大口は通常、強化審査の対象で、明確な書類の連なりが最短路です。\n受取人を独自に確認しましょう。特に不動産では、弁護士・公証人・タイトル会社・売主に、独自に入手した連絡先で口座情報を確認し、メールでの変更だけで動かないこと。受取人登録・資金源審査・銀行休業日・決済日が絡むなら数週間前から始め、受取人が分割を禁じない限りまず少額テストを送ります。相続・不動産・贈与・信託・米国税務が絡むなら、クロスボーダーの専門家に相談しましょう。","url":"/ja/remittance/large-transfers-from-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:emergency-transfers-from-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:emergency-transfers-from-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"緊急の海外送金","plainText":"本当の緊急時は、追跡可能な現金受取業者（ウエスタンユニオン・SBIレミット/MoneyGram・Kyodai/Ria・コリドー特化アプリ）を使い、受取人の正確な氏名・IDと現地の上限を確認してから支払い、最小限を送り、主張された緊急事態を先に別経路で確認しましょう。\n素早く安全に現金を届ける：現金受取網、追跡コード、受取人確認、そして時間の圧力があるときこそ重要な詐欺対策。\nウエスタンユニオン・SBIレミット/MoneyGram・Kyodai/Ria・コリドー特化のSmiles/DCOMの現金受取は、銀行口座のない受取人に素早く届く。\n送る前に受取人の正確な氏名・ID、受取場所の営業時間・現金在庫・現地上限を確認する。\n追跡コード（MTCNやアプリ追跡）のある業者を使い、必要最小限のみ送る。\n「即時」は目安。コンプライアンスや代理店の都合で払出が遅れることもある。\n緊急の現金を送る手順\n銀行口座のない受取人や本当の緊急時は、現金受取が最速です。ウエスタンユニオン、MoneyGram網のSBIレミット、Ria網のKyodai、コリドー特化のSmilesやDCOMの現金受取が素早く払い出せます。支払う前に、受取人の正確な氏名・ID、受取場所と営業時間、現金在庫の有無、現地の現金受取上限を確認しましょう。いずれかが不一致だと払出が止まりえます。\n追跡コード（ウエスタンユニオンのMTCNやアプリ追跡）のある業者を使い、必要最小限を送り、受取番号を公開しないこと。「数分」は目安で、実際の払出はコンプライアンス審査と代理店の都合が支配します。\n緊急詐欺のチェックリスト\n緊急事態は、時間の圧力を生むため詐欺師が好みます。送る前に、別の既知の経路で緊急事態を確認しましょう——メッセージの番号ではなく、既に持っている番号に電話を。ギフトカード・暗号資産・無関係の「代理人」への送金依頼は詐欺とみなし、ワンタイムパスワードや受取番号を共有しないこと。\n送金の控えは送金を始めた証明であり、正しい人が受け取った証明ではありません。急かされる・秘密めいていると感じたら、止めて確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/emergency-transfers-from-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:western-union-japan-review","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud","guide:western-union-vs-apps"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Western Union","url":"https://www.westernunion.com/jp/en/web/send-money/start","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true},{"publisher":"Unidos Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.kyodai-remittance.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"本当の緊急時は、追跡可能な現金受取業者（ウエスタンユニオン・SBIレミット/MoneyGram・Kyodai/Ria・コリドー特化アプリ）を使い、受取人の正確な氏名・IDと現地の上限を確認してから支払い、最小限を送り、主張された緊急事態を先に別経路で確認しましょう。\n素早く安全に現金を届ける：現金受取網、追跡コード、受取人確認、そして時間の圧力があるときこそ重要な詐欺対策。\nウエスタンユニオン・SBIレミット/MoneyGram・Kyodai/Ria・コリドー特化のSmiles/DCOMの現金受取は、銀行口座のない受取人に素早く届く。\n送る前に受取人の正確な氏名・ID、受取場所の営業時間・現金在庫・現地上限を確認する。\n追跡コード（MTCNやアプリ追跡）のある業者を使い、必要最小限のみ送る。\n「即時」は目安。コンプライアンスや代理店の都合で払出が遅れることもある。\n緊急の現金を送る手順\n銀行口座のない受取人や本当の緊急時は、現金受取が最速です。ウエスタンユニオン、MoneyGram網のSBIレミット、Ria網のKyodai、コリドー特化のSmilesやDCOMの現金受取が素早く払い出せます。支払う前に、受取人の正確な氏名・ID、受取場所と営業時間、現金在庫の有無、現地の現金受取上限を確認しましょう。いずれかが不一致だと払出が止まりえます。\n追跡コード（ウエスタンユニオンのMTCNやアプリ追跡）のある業者を使い、必要最小限を送り、受取番号を公開しないこと。「数分」は目安で、実際の払出はコンプライアンス審査と代理店の都合が支配します。\n緊急詐欺のチェックリスト\n緊急事態は、時間の圧力を生むため詐欺師が好みます。送る前に、別の既知の経路で緊急事態を確認しましょう——メッセージの番号ではなく、既に持っている番号に電話を。ギフトカード・暗号資産・無関係の「代理人」への送金依頼は詐欺とみなし、ワンタイムパスワードや受取番号を共有しないこと。\n送金の控えは送金を始めた証明であり、正しい人が受け取った証明ではありません。急かされる・秘密めいていると感じたら、止めて確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/remittance/emergency-transfers-from-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:foreign-salary-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:foreign-salary-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で外国の給与を受け取る","plainText":"まず雇用主が国内円建て給与振込をできるか、できなければWiseやPayoneerの現地受取情報を受け入れるか、それも無理なら日本の銀行の被仕向SWIFT指示を渡すか、の順で尋ねます。給与明細を残し、外国の給与は海外で支払・保有しても非課税ではないと覚えておきましょう。\n海外から給与を受け取る際の確認順序——国内給与振込、プラットフォームの受取情報、または日本の銀行のSWIFT口座——と、残すべき記録、そして給与を海外に置いても非課税にならない理由。\n確認順序：国内円建て給与→プラットフォームの現地受取情報→日本の銀行の被仕向SWIFT。\n雇用主がその経路を受け入れる必要があり、給与は通常、従業員名義の口座が必要。\n少額テスト送金を行い、対応通貨と両替の場所を確認する。\n外国の給与は居住区分により日本で課税されうる。海外やウォレットに置いても非課税にはならない。\n確認の順序\n順に進めましょう。1）雇用主が日本の銀行口座への国内円建て給与振込をできるか——最も簡単で安い。2）海外払いなら、WiseやPayoneerの現地受取情報を受け入れるか（中継控除を避けられる）。3）無理なら日本の銀行の被仕向SWIFT指示を渡し、対応通貨を確認（ゆうちょ等は米ドル・ユーロのみ）。4）両替を送金前・中継・日本の銀行のどこで行うかを明示。5）少額テスト送金を行う。6）雇用契約・給与明細・送金通知・FX明細・入金記録を保管。\nどの経路でも雇用主の受け入れが必要で、給与は通常、受取口座が従業員名義である必要があります。正式な雇用の給与計算では、支払プラットフォームの口座を受け付けないことがあります。\n税務：海外＝非課税ではない\n外国の給与は、海外に置いたりウォレットで支払われたりしても非課税にはなりません。日本の課税は、居住区分・源泉ルール、そして非永住者については「同じドルが日本に入った」という単純な判定ではない法定の送金ルールに依存します。非永住者以外の居住者は原則、全世界所得に課税され、非居住者は原則、日本源泉所得に課税されます。\nすべての記録——契約・給与明細・送金通知・使用した為替レート——を残しましょう。所得の申告や、該当時の外国税額控除に必要になりえます。非永住者の送金扱いについては、所得が非課税と決めつける前に、日本の国際税務の専門家に相談しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/foreign-salary-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:sony-bank","product:wise"],"guides":["guide:receive-international-transfer","guide:freelance-payments-from-overseas","guide:are-transfers-taxable","guide:sony-bank-international-transfers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Payoneer","url":"https://www.payoneer.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/7kL1cM6NQ2LQPMs3kV2X5j/wise-in-japan","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"まず雇用主が国内円建て給与振込をできるか、できなければWiseやPayoneerの現地受取情報を受け入れるか、それも無理なら日本の銀行の被仕向SWIFT指示を渡すか、の順で尋ねます。給与明細を残し、外国の給与は海外で支払・保有しても非課税ではないと覚えておきましょう。\n海外から給与を受け取る際の確認順序——国内給与振込、プラットフォームの受取情報、または日本の銀行のSWIFT口座——と、残すべき記録、そして給与を海外に置いても非課税にならない理由。\n確認順序：国内円建て給与→プラットフォームの現地受取情報→日本の銀行の被仕向SWIFT。\n雇用主がその経路を受け入れる必要があり、給与は通常、従業員名義の口座が必要。\n少額テスト送金を行い、対応通貨と両替の場所を確認する。\n外国の給与は居住区分により日本で課税されうる。海外やウォレットに置いても非課税にはならない。\n確認の順序\n順に進めましょう。1）雇用主が日本の銀行口座への国内円建て給与振込をできるか——最も簡単で安い。2）海外払いなら、WiseやPayoneerの現地受取情報を受け入れるか（中継控除を避けられる）。3）無理なら日本の銀行の被仕向SWIFT指示を渡し、対応通貨を確認（ゆうちょ等は米ドル・ユーロのみ）。4）両替を送金前・中継・日本の銀行のどこで行うかを明示。5）少額テスト送金を行う。6）雇用契約・給与明細・送金通知・FX明細・入金記録を保管。\nどの経路でも雇用主の受け入れが必要で、給与は通常、受取口座が従業員名義である必要があります。正式な雇用の給与計算では、支払プラットフォームの口座を受け付けないことがあります。\n税務：海外＝非課税ではない\n外国の給与は、海外に置いたりウォレットで支払われたりしても非課税にはなりません。日本の課税は、居住区分・源泉ルール、そして非永住者については「同じドルが日本に入った」という単純な判定ではない法定の送金ルールに依存します。非永住者以外の居住者は原則、全世界所得に課税され、非居住者は原則、日本源泉所得に課税されます。\nすべての記録——契約・給与明細・送金通知・使用した為替レート——を残しましょう。所得の申告や、該当時の外国税額控除に必要になりえます。非永住者の送金扱いについては、所得が非課税と決めつける前に、日本の国際税務の専門家に相談しましょう。","url":"/ja/remittance/foreign-salary-in-japan","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:freelance-payments-from-overseas:ja","entityId":"guide:freelance-payments-from-overseas","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外からのフリーランス報酬を受け取る","plainText":"ビジネスまたは業務利用が許された口座（Wiseビジネス・Payoneer・PayPal・日本のビジネス銀行口座）を使い、法的な詳細を載せて請求し、契約・プラットフォーム明細・手数料・使用した為替レートを会計のために残しましょう。\nWiseビジネス・Payoneer・PayPal・日本のビジネス口座で海外クライアントから報酬を受け取る。各サービスの得意分野、請求書に載せる項目、税務のために残す記録。\n事業受取が規約で許された口座を使う。個人専用の送金商品に事業収入を通さない。\nWiseビジネスと Payoneerはクライアントに現地受取情報を提供でき、PayPalはクライアントが既に使う・紛争が重要な場面で有用。\n請求書には、法的名称・住所・役務の期間と内容・通貨・金額・請求番号・支払情報を記載。\n契約・納品証拠・プラットフォーム明細・手数料・使用した為替レートを残す。送金の控えだけでは税務証拠にならない。\nチャネルの選び方\nフリーランス収入は、事業利用を禁じる商品ではなく、ビジネスまたは業務利用が許された口座に通しましょう。Wiseビジネスと Payoneerは複数通貨で現地型の受取情報を提供でき、クライアントの手間を減らし一部の中継控除を避けます。Payoneerはマーケットプレイスや現地口座を好むクライアントに強い。PayPalはクライアントが既に使い、買い手/売り手の紛争ツールが重要な場面で便利ですが、日常の両替では越境・両替コストが高くなりえます。日本のビジネス銀行口座は最も正式で、特定のクライアントに必要なことがあります。\nクライアントの支払の手間・両替コスト・出金手数料・紛争の権利・留保/審査リスク・会計への取り込みやすさで比較しましょう。\n請求書と記録\nフリーランスの請求書には、双方の法的名称と住所、役務の期間と内容、通貨、金額、請求番号、支払期日、支払情報を記載しましょう。明確な請求書は、業者が支払を審査する際の資金源の質問にも役立ちます。\n会計と日本の税務のため、総収入・決済/銀行手数料・純受取額・使用した為替レートを、採用する会計方法で記録しましょう。契約・クライアントとのやり取り・納品証拠・プラットフォーム明細を残すこと。フリーランス収入は海外払いや外貨ウォレット保有でも課税されえ、送金の控えだけでは税務証拠として不十分です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/freelance-payments-from-overseas","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise-business","product:wise"],"guides":["guide:payoneer-vs-wise-vs-paypal","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan","guide:receive-international-transfer","guide:are-transfers-taxable"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Payoneer","url":"https://www.payoneer.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPal","url":"https://www.paypal.com/jp/webapps/mpp/home","official":true},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/jp/business/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"ビジネスまたは業務利用が許された口座（Wiseビジネス・Payoneer・PayPal・日本のビジネス銀行口座）を使い、法的な詳細を載せて請求し、契約・プラットフォーム明細・手数料・使用した為替レートを会計のために残しましょう。\nWiseビジネス・Payoneer・PayPal・日本のビジネス口座で海外クライアントから報酬を受け取る。各サービスの得意分野、請求書に載せる項目、税務のために残す記録。\n事業受取が規約で許された口座を使う。個人専用の送金商品に事業収入を通さない。\nWiseビジネスと Payoneerはクライアントに現地受取情報を提供でき、PayPalはクライアントが既に使う・紛争が重要な場面で有用。\n請求書には、法的名称・住所・役務の期間と内容・通貨・金額・請求番号・支払情報を記載。\n契約・納品証拠・プラットフォーム明細・手数料・使用した為替レートを残す。送金の控えだけでは税務証拠にならない。\nチャネルの選び方\nフリーランス収入は、事業利用を禁じる商品ではなく、ビジネスまたは業務利用が許された口座に通しましょう。Wiseビジネスと Payoneerは複数通貨で現地型の受取情報を提供でき、クライアントの手間を減らし一部の中継控除を避けます。Payoneerはマーケットプレイスや現地口座を好むクライアントに強い。PayPalはクライアントが既に使い、買い手/売り手の紛争ツールが重要な場面で便利ですが、日常の両替では越境・両替コストが高くなりえます。日本のビジネス銀行口座は最も正式で、特定のクライアントに必要なことがあります。\nクライアントの支払の手間・両替コスト・出金手数料・紛争の権利・留保/審査リスク・会計への取り込みやすさで比較しましょう。\n請求書と記録\nフリーランスの請求書には、双方の法的名称と住所、役務の期間と内容、通貨、金額、請求番号、支払期日、支払情報を記載しましょう。明確な請求書は、業者が支払を審査する際の資金源の質問にも役立ちます。\n会計と日本の税務のため、総収入・決済/銀行手数料・純受取額・使用した為替レートを、採用する会計方法で記録しましょう。契約・クライアントとのやり取り・納品証拠・プラットフォーム明細を残すこと。フリーランス収入は海外払いや外貨ウォレット保有でも課税されえ、送金の控えだけでは税務証拠として不十分です。","url":"/ja/remittance/freelance-payments-from-overseas","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-multi-currency-accounts:ja","entityId":"guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のマルチカレンシー口座の選び方","plainText":"Wiseは通貨対応の広さとアプリ両替、Revolutはカードと旅行機能、ソニー銀行とプレスティアは従来型の外貨銀行預金に強みがあります。ウォレットと銀行預金は限度と法的保護が異なります。\nウォレットと銀行預金——Wise・Revolut・ソニー銀行・プレスティア——を、対応通貨・保有限度・カード・受取情報、そして貯蓄で重要な法的保護の違いで比較。\nWise：最も広い通貨対応（40以上）、透明な両替、適格性次第の現地受取情報。日本の保有限度は既定100万円。\nRevolut：強力なアプリ・カード管理・旅行利用。市場時間と枠のルールに注意。\nソニー銀行・プレスティア：明細と店舗サポートのある従来型の外貨銀行預金。\nウォレット残高と銀行預金は保有限度と法的保護が異なる——貯蓄では重要な違い。\nウォレットと銀行預金\nマルチカレンシーウォレット（Wise・Revolut）は多通貨の残高を保有し、現地受取情報を付与しえ、カードと連携します——ただし必ずしも銀行預金ではなく、保有限度や狭い保護があることがあります。外貨銀行預金（ソニー銀行・プレスティア）は明細と店舗サポートのある従来型預金で、外貨の給与・年金の受取や銀行間の外貨送金に向きます。\n広さとアプリ両替ではWiseが40以上の通貨で先行しますが、日本住所は既定で合計100万円の保有限度（一時的に引上げ可）です。Revolutはカードと旅行機能で先行。ソニーとプレスティアは、真の預金関係が欲しい場合に先行します。法的保護の違いは、まとまった貯蓄を保有するつもりのときに最も重要です。\n用途で選ぶ\n旅行や日常のマルチカレンシー決済には、良いカードのあるウォレット（Wise・Revolut）が通常最適です。外貨の給与・年金を受け取り真の預金として保有するには、銀行（ソニー・プレスティア）が向きます。多くの居住者は両方を持ちます——所得と長期保有には銀行預金、両替と旅行にはウォレット。\nまとまった残高をどれかに預ける前に、対応通貨・保有限度・カードの両替コスト・ATM枠・受取情報・預金保護を比較しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/best-multi-currency-accounts","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut","product:sony-bank","product:smbc-prestia"],"guides":["guide:wise-vs-revolut","guide:best-overseas-cards","guide:currency-risk-when-to-convert","guide:prestia-vs-sony-bank"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"Revolut","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/standard-fees/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/guide/fct_transfer/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/overseas_remittance/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Wiseは通貨対応の広さとアプリ両替、Revolutはカードと旅行機能、ソニー銀行とプレスティアは従来型の外貨銀行預金に強みがあります。ウォレットと銀行預金は限度と法的保護が異なります。\nウォレットと銀行預金——Wise・Revolut・ソニー銀行・プレスティア——を、対応通貨・保有限度・カード・受取情報、そして貯蓄で重要な法的保護の違いで比較。\nWise：最も広い通貨対応（40以上）、透明な両替、適格性次第の現地受取情報。日本の保有限度は既定100万円。\nRevolut：強力なアプリ・カード管理・旅行利用。市場時間と枠のルールに注意。\nソニー銀行・プレスティア：明細と店舗サポートのある従来型の外貨銀行預金。\nウォレット残高と銀行預金は保有限度と法的保護が異なる——貯蓄では重要な違い。\nウォレットと銀行預金\nマルチカレンシーウォレット（Wise・Revolut）は多通貨の残高を保有し、現地受取情報を付与しえ、カードと連携します——ただし必ずしも銀行預金ではなく、保有限度や狭い保護があることがあります。外貨銀行預金（ソニー銀行・プレスティア）は明細と店舗サポートのある従来型預金で、外貨の給与・年金の受取や銀行間の外貨送金に向きます。\n広さとアプリ両替ではWiseが40以上の通貨で先行しますが、日本住所は既定で合計100万円の保有限度（一時的に引上げ可）です。Revolutはカードと旅行機能で先行。ソニーとプレスティアは、真の預金関係が欲しい場合に先行します。法的保護の違いは、まとまった貯蓄を保有するつもりのときに最も重要です。\n用途で選ぶ\n旅行や日常のマルチカレンシー決済には、良いカードのあるウォレット（Wise・Revolut）が通常最適です。外貨の給与・年金を受け取り真の預金として保有するには、銀行（ソニー・プレスティア）が向きます。多くの居住者は両方を持ちます——所得と長期保有には銀行預金、両替と旅行にはウォレット。\nまとまった残高をどれかに預ける前に、対応通貨・保有限度・カードの両替コスト・ATM枠・受取情報・預金保護を比較しましょう。","url":"/ja/remittance/best-multi-currency-accounts","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-overseas-cards:ja","entityId":"guide:best-overseas-cards","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外で使うカードの選び方（日本発）","plainText":"低マージンのデビット（非対応通貨で1.79%のSony Bank WALLET、PRESTIA Global Pass、Wise、枠内のRevolut）を決済とATMに使い、別ネットワークのクレジットカードをバックアップと保護のために携行し、DCCを避けるため常に現地通貨を選びましょう。\n海外でのデビットとクレジット、発行会社のFX手数料比較、週末手数料、ATMコスト、そして2枚持ちのバックアップ戦略。Sony Bank WALLET・PRESTIA Global Pass・Wise・Revolut・一般的な日本のクレジットカードの公表率つき。\n一致する外貨残高でのデビットが通常最安。一般的な日本のクレジットカードはFXで概ね3.6〜3.9%を上乗せ。\nSony Bank WALLETは非対応通貨や一致残高なしで1.79%。PRESTIA Global Passは銀行取引手数料なしと掲示。\nRevolut Standardは市場時間外に1%。WiseはATMで現地通貨を選ぶよう助言。\n別ネットワークの2枚を携行し、1枚は分けて保管し、常にDCCを断る（現地通貨で支払う）。\nカードの比較\n10万円相当の購入では、公表・試算コストが差を示します：Sony Bank WALLETは一致する外貨残高がない場合1.79%（1,790円）、例のSMBCカードは3.63%（3,630円）、EPOSカードは3.85%（3,850円）、Revolut Standardは市場時間内・枠内の通常顧客で為替手数料0%（市場時間外は＋1%）、店舗DCCは例示の6%なら6,000円。Sony Bank WALLETやPRESTIA Global Passで一致残高を使うと、両替コストは入金時に既に発生済みです。\nATMでは、発行会社手数料・定率FX手数料・ATM運営者手数料・DCCを加えます。PRESTIAのGlobal Passは銀行側の取引手数料なし（運営者・両替手数料は生じうる）、WiseとRevolutは枠次第、Sony Bank WALLETは非対応・円からの引出で1.79%に加え220円です。\n2枚持ちの戦略\n別ネットワークの2枚以上を携行し、1枚は分けて保管し、各PINを把握しましょう。決済とATMには低マージンのデビットを、購入保護・ホテルやレンタカーのデポジット・バックアップにはクレジットカードを。クレジットは純粋なFXでは通常割高ですが、紛争や与信枠に有用です。海外でのクレジットカードのキャッシングは、取引日からの利息にATM・FX手数料が加わるため避けましょう。\nどのカードでも、決済時とATMで常に現地通貨を選びDCCを断りましょう。断っても発行会社のFX手数料は消えませんが、その上に乗る店舗/ATMの追加上乗せは消えます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/best-overseas-cards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:sony-bank","product:smbc-prestia","product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:dynamic-currency-conversion","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:sony-bank-international-transfers","guide:prestia-international-transfers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/visa/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/globalpass/","official":true},{"publisher":"EPOS Card","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/en/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/support/kaigai/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Revolut","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/standard-fees/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"低マージンのデビット（非対応通貨で1.79%のSony Bank WALLET、PRESTIA Global Pass、Wise、枠内のRevolut）を決済とATMに使い、別ネットワークのクレジットカードをバックアップと保護のために携行し、DCCを避けるため常に現地通貨を選びましょう。\n海外でのデビットとクレジット、発行会社のFX手数料比較、週末手数料、ATMコスト、そして2枚持ちのバックアップ戦略。Sony Bank WALLET・PRESTIA Global Pass・Wise・Revolut・一般的な日本のクレジットカードの公表率つき。\n一致する外貨残高でのデビットが通常最安。一般的な日本のクレジットカードはFXで概ね3.6〜3.9%を上乗せ。\nSony Bank WALLETは非対応通貨や一致残高なしで1.79%。PRESTIA Global Passは銀行取引手数料なしと掲示。\nRevolut Standardは市場時間外に1%。WiseはATMで現地通貨を選ぶよう助言。\n別ネットワークの2枚を携行し、1枚は分けて保管し、常にDCCを断る（現地通貨で支払う）。\nカードの比較\n10万円相当の購入では、公表・試算コストが差を示します：Sony Bank WALLETは一致する外貨残高がない場合1.79%（1,790円）、例のSMBCカードは3.63%（3,630円）、EPOSカードは3.85%（3,850円）、Revolut Standardは市場時間内・枠内の通常顧客で為替手数料0%（市場時間外は＋1%）、店舗DCCは例示の6%なら6,000円。Sony Bank WALLETやPRESTIA Global Passで一致残高を使うと、両替コストは入金時に既に発生済みです。\nATMでは、発行会社手数料・定率FX手数料・ATM運営者手数料・DCCを加えます。PRESTIAのGlobal Passは銀行側の取引手数料なし（運営者・両替手数料は生じうる）、WiseとRevolutは枠次第、Sony Bank WALLETは非対応・円からの引出で1.79%に加え220円です。\n2枚持ちの戦略\n別ネットワークの2枚以上を携行し、1枚は分けて保管し、各PINを把握しましょう。決済とATMには低マージンのデビットを、購入保護・ホテルやレンタカーのデポジット・バックアップにはクレジットカードを。クレジットは純粋なFXでは通常割高ですが、紛争や与信枠に有用です。海外でのクレジットカードのキャッシングは、取引日からの利息にATM・FX手数料が加わるため避けましょう。\nどのカードでも、決済時とATMで常に現地通貨を選びDCCを断りましょう。断っても発行会社のFX手数料は消えませんが、その上に乗る店舗/ATMの追加上乗せは消えます。","url":"/ja/remittance/best-overseas-cards","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers:ja","entityId":"guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"銀行と送金専門業者の比較","plainText":"小口や現金・ウォレット払出は専門業者が有利なことが多く、受取人がSWIFT送金を要求する・正式書類が必要・専門業者の限度超の場合は銀行が有利です。大口では交渉した銀行のFXレートが専門業者を上回ることもあります。\n銀行送金が適切な場面と専門業者が有利な場面を、金額・速さ・現金の必要性・書類・複雑さで整理し、思い込みでなく正しい経路を選べるように。\n小口：定額の銀行手数料が大きな割合になるため、専門業者が有利なことが多い。\n現金受取・モバイルウォレット払出：通常は専門業者。店舗サポートや正式な証明：通常は銀行。\n大口の書類を伴う送金：銀行が強く、特に交渉FXレートで。Type I専門業者は限度内で有効。\n複雑な不動産・相続の支払：多くは銀行で、専門家と連携。\nそれぞれが有利な場面\n銀行は、受取人がSWIFT送金を明確に要求する、不動産や規制対象の投資口座が絡む、銀行発行の送金証明が必要、または送金業者の承認限度を超える場合に有利なことが多いです。小口では、定額手数料・為替スプレッド・中継控除が金額に対して大きな割合になるため不利です。\n専門業者は、より小さな送金・現金受取・モバイルウォレット払出で通常強く、受取額を事前に示しつつ一部の中継控除を避けられます。外貨預金は一部の銀行で利用でき、専門業者では従来型の預金ではなくウォレット残高になります。追跡は専門業者はアプリ、銀行は照会やSWIFT/gpiです。\n大口・複雑な送金\n大口の書類を伴う送金では、銀行が強く——特に基準額超での交渉FXレートで——一方Type I専門業者（対象送金でWiseは最大1億5,000万円など）は限度内で機能します。受取額を正確にというニーズは、銀行の手数料区分（確実ではない）か、多くの場合より明快に現地払出の専門業者で満たせます。\n複雑な不動産・相続の支払は、銀行が有利なことが多く、専門家と連携すべきです。返送・修正も異なります：銀行は正式で時に高額な組戻を行い、専門業者はアプリでの対応はあっても払出後は取消できないことがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/banks-vs-remittance-providers","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:swift-transfers-explained","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case","guide:large-transfers-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"小口や現金・ウォレット払出は専門業者が有利なことが多く、受取人がSWIFT送金を要求する・正式書類が必要・専門業者の限度超の場合は銀行が有利です。大口では交渉した銀行のFXレートが専門業者を上回ることもあります。\n銀行送金が適切な場面と専門業者が有利な場面を、金額・速さ・現金の必要性・書類・複雑さで整理し、思い込みでなく正しい経路を選べるように。\n小口：定額の銀行手数料が大きな割合になるため、専門業者が有利なことが多い。\n現金受取・モバイルウォレット払出：通常は専門業者。店舗サポートや正式な証明：通常は銀行。\n大口の書類を伴う送金：銀行が強く、特に交渉FXレートで。Type I専門業者は限度内で有効。\n複雑な不動産・相続の支払：多くは銀行で、専門家と連携。\nそれぞれが有利な場面\n銀行は、受取人がSWIFT送金を明確に要求する、不動産や規制対象の投資口座が絡む、銀行発行の送金証明が必要、または送金業者の承認限度を超える場合に有利なことが多いです。小口では、定額手数料・為替スプレッド・中継控除が金額に対して大きな割合になるため不利です。\n専門業者は、より小さな送金・現金受取・モバイルウォレット払出で通常強く、受取額を事前に示しつつ一部の中継控除を避けられます。外貨預金は一部の銀行で利用でき、専門業者では従来型の預金ではなくウォレット残高になります。追跡は専門業者はアプリ、銀行は照会やSWIFT/gpiです。\n大口・複雑な送金\n大口の書類を伴う送金では、銀行が強く——特に基準額超での交渉FXレートで——一方Type I専門業者（対象送金でWiseは最大1億5,000万円など）は限度内で機能します。受取額を正確にというニーズは、銀行の手数料区分（確実ではない）か、多くの場合より明快に現地払出の専門業者で満たせます。\n複雑な不動産・相続の支払は、銀行が有利なことが多く、専門家と連携すべきです。返送・修正も異なります：銀行は正式で時に高額な組戻を行い、専門業者はアプリでの対応はあっても払出後は取消できないことがあります。","url":"/ja/remittance/banks-vs-remittance-providers","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case:ja","entityId":"guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"用途別・海外送金サービスの選び方","plainText":"普遍的に最良の業者はありません。用途にショートリストを合わせ——小口・家族は専門業者、大口・書類は銀行かType I、フリーランス・給与はプラットフォーム、緊急は現金網——同時刻の見積で比較しましょう。\n用途別セレクター：小口・大口・家族支援・学生・フリーランス・給与・年金・現金受取・旅行・不動産の、出発点のショートリストと選択ルール。\n小口の個人送金：Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai・ウエスタンユニオン——正確な方法での受取額で比較。\n大口：Wise Type I・三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほ・プレスティア・ソニー・りそな——同時刻見積を取り交渉レートを尋ねる。\nフリーランス/給与：Wiseビジネス・Payoneer・PayPal・日本の銀行口座——事業利用規約と雇用主の受け入れを確認。\n緊急現金：ウエスタンユニオン・SBIレミット/MoneyGram・Kyodai/Ria——受取人ID・営業時間・現地上限を確認。\n用途別セレクター\n小口の個人送金→Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai・ウエスタンユニオン。正確な銀行・ウォレット・現金受取の方法で、手数料後の受取額を比較（定額の銀行送金は割高になりがち）。大口→Wise Type Iか銀行（三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほ・プレスティア・ソニー・りそな）。書面の同時刻見積を取り、交渉FXレートを求め、資金源書類を事前に整える。家族支援→SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai・Wise・ウエスタンユニオン。銀行入金やウォレットが現金受取より通常安全で安い。\n外国の給与→雇用主が受け入れるならWiseやPayoneerの現地受取情報、そうでなければソニー・プレスティア等の日本の銀行のSWIFT口座。フリーランスの支払→Wiseビジネス・Payoneer・PayPal・日本のビジネス口座。海外学費→学校指定のポータル・Wise・銀行SWIFT・ソニー・楽天。学生レファレンスを一致させ満額到着を狙う。年金受取→日本の銀行のSWIFT口座・ソニー・プレスティア・対象の現地受取情報。\n緊急・旅行・不動産\n緊急現金→ウエスタンユニオン・SBIレミット/MoneyGram・Kyodai/Ria・コリドー特化のSmiles/DCOMの現金受取。受取人ID・営業時間・現金在庫・正確な綴り・受取番号・現地上限を確認。旅行の支出→ソニーウォレット・PRESTIA Global Pass・Wise・Revolutに、別ネットワークのバックアップのクレジットカード。現地通貨を選びDCCを避ける。海外不動産→メガバンク・プレスティア/ソニー・Wise Type Iを、弁護士・エスクロー・独自の受取人確認の後にのみ。\nどの用途でも、ショートリストは出発点であって結論ではありません。最後は、自分の金額・コリドー・資金調達・受取方法での同時刻見積で比較して締めましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/best-transfer-services-by-use-case","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:compare-transfer-quotes"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true},{"publisher":"Western Union","url":"https://www.westernunion.com/jp/en/web/send-money/start","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"普遍的に最良の業者はありません。用途にショートリストを合わせ——小口・家族は専門業者、大口・書類は銀行かType I、フリーランス・給与はプラットフォーム、緊急は現金網——同時刻の見積で比較しましょう。\n用途別セレクター：小口・大口・家族支援・学生・フリーランス・給与・年金・現金受取・旅行・不動産の、出発点のショートリストと選択ルール。\n小口の個人送金：Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai・ウエスタンユニオン——正確な方法での受取額で比較。\n大口：Wise Type I・三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほ・プレスティア・ソニー・りそな——同時刻見積を取り交渉レートを尋ねる。\nフリーランス/給与：Wiseビジネス・Payoneer・PayPal・日本の銀行口座——事業利用規約と雇用主の受け入れを確認。\n緊急現金：ウエスタンユニオン・SBIレミット/MoneyGram・Kyodai/Ria——受取人ID・営業時間・現地上限を確認。\n用途別セレクター\n小口の個人送金→Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai・ウエスタンユニオン。正確な銀行・ウォレット・現金受取の方法で、手数料後の受取額を比較（定額の銀行送金は割高になりがち）。大口→Wise Type Iか銀行（三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほ・プレスティア・ソニー・りそな）。書面の同時刻見積を取り、交渉FXレートを求め、資金源書類を事前に整える。家族支援→SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai・Wise・ウエスタンユニオン。銀行入金やウォレットが現金受取より通常安全で安い。\n外国の給与→雇用主が受け入れるならWiseやPayoneerの現地受取情報、そうでなければソニー・プレスティア等の日本の銀行のSWIFT口座。フリーランスの支払→Wiseビジネス・Payoneer・PayPal・日本のビジネス口座。海外学費→学校指定のポータル・Wise・銀行SWIFT・ソニー・楽天。学生レファレンスを一致させ満額到着を狙う。年金受取→日本の銀行のSWIFT口座・ソニー・プレスティア・対象の現地受取情報。\n緊急・旅行・不動産\n緊急現金→ウエスタンユニオン・SBIレミット/MoneyGram・Kyodai/Ria・コリドー特化のSmiles/DCOMの現金受取。受取人ID・営業時間・現金在庫・正確な綴り・受取番号・現地上限を確認。旅行の支出→ソニーウォレット・PRESTIA Global Pass・Wise・Revolutに、別ネットワークのバックアップのクレジットカード。現地通貨を選びDCCを避ける。海外不動産→メガバンク・プレスティア/ソニー・Wise Type Iを、弁護士・エスクロー・独自の受取人確認の後にのみ。\nどの用途でも、ショートリストは出発点であって結論ではありません。最後は、自分の金額・コリドー・資金調達・受取方法での同時刻見積で比較して締めましょう。","url":"/ja/remittance/best-transfer-services-by-use-case","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:wise-vs-revolut:ja","entityId":"guide:wise-vs-revolut","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"WiseとRevolutの比較（日本）","plainText":"Wiseはより透明な送金・受取ツールで、通貨対応が最も広く対象送金のType I上限は1億5,000万円。Revolutは日常のカード・旅行アプリとして強いが市場時間外に1%を加えます。どちらが安いかは金額・時間・プラン次第です。\n送金コスト・FXの扱い・週末手数料・受取・カード・ATM・限度を、日本での個人・中程度のマルチカレンシー利用で比較。\nWise：仲値＋透明な手数料、40以上の通貨、現地受取情報、対象送金のType I上限1億5,000万円。\nRevolut：強力なカード管理と旅行利用。Standardは市場時間内・枠内は表示為替手数料なし、時間外は＋1%。\n受取や大口はWiseが向くことが多く、カード決済や旅行はRevolutが多い。\nどちらも普遍的に安くはない——金額・時間・プランで同時刻の見積を比較。\n送金・受取・限度\nWiseは仲値と透明な手数料を示し、40以上の通貨を保有し、適格性次第で現地受取情報を提供し、日本発の対象Type I大口送金を最大1億5,000万円まで支援します（日本住所の既定保有限度100万円、一時的に引上げ可）。このためWiseは、外貨所得の受取や大口送金でより自然な選択です。\nRevolutは登録Type II業者で、送金・受取機能は口座と経路に依存します。一部のSWIFT経路はRevolutの送金手数料なしですが中継手数料が生じえます。純粋な送金の透明性と受取情報では、Wiseが概ね先行します。\nカード・週末・どちらが有利か\nRevolutの強みは日常のカードです：強力な管理、旅行での使いやすさ、市場時間内・枠内の通常顧客に対する表示Standard為替手数料なし。落とし穴は、市場時間外の法定通貨両替に1%（高頻度Standard利用に0.5%）です。Wiseのカードは一致残高から、または通貨依存の手数料で両替し、ATMでは現地通貨を選ぶよう助言します。\n結論は状況次第です：所得の受取やより大きく透明な送金はWiseが有利なことが多く、カード決済・サブスク・平日の旅行はRevolutが有利なことが多い。無料枠や市場時間ルールで支払いが変わるため、自分の金額・時間・プランで同時刻の見積を比較しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/wise-vs-revolut","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:wise-japan-review","guide:revolut-japan-review","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:weekend-fx-markups"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/7kL1cM6NQ2LQPMs3kV2X5j/wise-in-japan","official":true},{"publisher":"Revolut","url":"https://www.revolut.com/en-JP/legal/standard-fees/","official":true},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Wiseはより透明な送金・受取ツールで、通貨対応が最も広く対象送金のType I上限は1億5,000万円。Revolutは日常のカード・旅行アプリとして強いが市場時間外に1%を加えます。どちらが安いかは金額・時間・プラン次第です。\n送金コスト・FXの扱い・週末手数料・受取・カード・ATM・限度を、日本での個人・中程度のマルチカレンシー利用で比較。\nWise：仲値＋透明な手数料、40以上の通貨、現地受取情報、対象送金のType I上限1億5,000万円。\nRevolut：強力なカード管理と旅行利用。Standardは市場時間内・枠内は表示為替手数料なし、時間外は＋1%。\n受取や大口はWiseが向くことが多く、カード決済や旅行はRevolutが多い。\nどちらも普遍的に安くはない——金額・時間・プランで同時刻の見積を比較。\n送金・受取・限度\nWiseは仲値と透明な手数料を示し、40以上の通貨を保有し、適格性次第で現地受取情報を提供し、日本発の対象Type I大口送金を最大1億5,000万円まで支援します（日本住所の既定保有限度100万円、一時的に引上げ可）。このためWiseは、外貨所得の受取や大口送金でより自然な選択です。\nRevolutは登録Type II業者で、送金・受取機能は口座と経路に依存します。一部のSWIFT経路はRevolutの送金手数料なしですが中継手数料が生じえます。純粋な送金の透明性と受取情報では、Wiseが概ね先行します。\nカード・週末・どちらが有利か\nRevolutの強みは日常のカードです：強力な管理、旅行での使いやすさ、市場時間内・枠内の通常顧客に対する表示Standard為替手数料なし。落とし穴は、市場時間外の法定通貨両替に1%（高頻度Standard利用に0.5%）です。Wiseのカードは一致残高から、または通貨依存の手数料で両替し、ATMでは現地通貨を選ぶよう助言します。\n結論は状況次第です：所得の受取やより大きく透明な送金はWiseが有利なことが多く、カード決済・サブスク・平日の旅行はRevolutが有利なことが多い。無料枠や市場時間ルールで支払いが変わるため、自分の金額・時間・プランで同時刻の見積を比較しましょう。","url":"/ja/remittance/wise-vs-revolut","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:wise-vs-sbi-remit:ja","entityId":"guide:wise-vs-sbi-remit","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"WiseとSBIレミットの比較","plainText":"Wiseは透明な銀行入金の送金・外貨所得の受取・広い通貨対応に優れ、SBIレミットは現金受取・MoneyGram網・アジアの家族送金コリドーに優れます。仕向地と受取方法で正確な受取額を比較しましょう。\n銀行入金と現金受取、対応コリドー、限度、手数料、速さ、受取対応を比較し、家族送金者が仕向地に合う方を選べるように。\nWise：透明な仲値送金・受取情報・Type I大口。現金受取網ではない。\nSBIレミット：銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網。家族送金と東南アジアに強い。\nSBIレミットは原則1回約100万円・年500万円が上限。Wiseはより大きな対象送金に対応。\n勝者は受取方法とコリドー次第——表示手数料でなく受取額で比較。\n中心的な違い\nWiseは透明な送金・マルチカレンシーツールです：仲値、見える手数料、現地受取情報、対象で最大1億5,000万円のType I大口。現金受取網ではありません。SBIレミットは、銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網を約200の国・地域で提供する送金専門業者で、原則1回あたり1万米ドル相当と100万円の低い方まで、暦年でおおむね500万円が上限です。\nつまり選択は主に受取方法です。受取人が銀行口座を持ち、透明性と大きめの限度を重視するならWiseが向くことが多い。受取人が現金受取を必要とする、またはアジアのコリドーで定期的な家族支援を送るなら、SBIレミットの方が強く安いことが多いです。\n決め方\n仕向地と受取方法で、正確な受取額を同時刻に比較しましょう——Wiseの銀行入金見積と、SBIレミットの銀行入金または現金受取見積を。SBIレミットのFXマージン（460円からの手数料だけでなく）を含め、現金なら現地の現金受取上限と代理店情報を確認しましょう。\n外貨の給与受取や複数通貨の保有にはWiseが向き、アジアへの一方向の家族現金にはSBIレミットが有利なことが多いです。多くの人は用途別に両方を持ちます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/wise-vs-sbi-remit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise"],"guides":["guide:sbi-remit-review","guide:wise-japan-review","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan","guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2932719/how-much-does-it-cost-to-send-money-with-wise","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/help/articles/2977951/how-much-money-can-i-send-with-wise","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Wiseは透明な銀行入金の送金・外貨所得の受取・広い通貨対応に優れ、SBIレミットは現金受取・MoneyGram網・アジアの家族送金コリドーに優れます。仕向地と受取方法で正確な受取額を比較しましょう。\n銀行入金と現金受取、対応コリドー、限度、手数料、速さ、受取対応を比較し、家族送金者が仕向地に合う方を選べるように。\nWise：透明な仲値送金・受取情報・Type I大口。現金受取網ではない。\nSBIレミット：銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網。家族送金と東南アジアに強い。\nSBIレミットは原則1回約100万円・年500万円が上限。Wiseはより大きな対象送金に対応。\n勝者は受取方法とコリドー次第——表示手数料でなく受取額で比較。\n中心的な違い\nWiseは透明な送金・マルチカレンシーツールです：仲値、見える手数料、現地受取情報、対象で最大1億5,000万円のType I大口。現金受取網ではありません。SBIレミットは、銀行入金・現金受取・MoneyGram網を約200の国・地域で提供する送金専門業者で、原則1回あたり1万米ドル相当と100万円の低い方まで、暦年でおおむね500万円が上限です。\nつまり選択は主に受取方法です。受取人が銀行口座を持ち、透明性と大きめの限度を重視するならWiseが向くことが多い。受取人が現金受取を必要とする、またはアジアのコリドーで定期的な家族支援を送るなら、SBIレミットの方が強く安いことが多いです。\n決め方\n仕向地と受取方法で、正確な受取額を同時刻に比較しましょう——Wiseの銀行入金見積と、SBIレミットの銀行入金または現金受取見積を。SBIレミットのFXマージン（460円からの手数料だけでなく）を含め、現金なら現地の現金受取上限と代理店情報を確認しましょう。\n外貨の給与受取や複数通貨の保有にはWiseが向き、アジアへの一方向の家族現金にはSBIレミットが有利なことが多いです。多くの人は用途別に両方を持ちます。","url":"/ja/remittance/wise-vs-sbi-remit","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:western-union-vs-apps:ja","entityId":"guide:western-union-vs-apps","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ウエスタンユニオンと送金アプリの比較","plainText":"ウエスタンユニオンは200超の国での緊急現金受取や銀行口座のない受取人に有利ですが、その為替マージンのため、受取人が口座を持つなら銀行入金型アプリ（Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai）の方が安いことが多いです。\nウエスタンユニオンの現金受取の強みが為替マージンに見合う場面と、銀行入金型の送金アプリの方が安く追跡しやすい場面。\nウエスタンユニオン：銀行口座のない受取人への比類ない現金受取網と速さ。MTCN追跡。\nアプリ：銀行入金では通常より安く、アプリ追跡が明快で受取額を事前表示。\nウエスタンユニオンは為替から利益を得ると明示——400円からの手数料だけでなくFXマージンを含める。\n受取人が現金か銀行入金かで選び、同時刻の見積で比較。\nウエスタンユニオンが見合う場面\nウエスタンユニオンの網は200超の国に及び、現金受取・代理店・銀行口座の手段があり、真の強みは銀行口座のない受取人へ素早く支払い、MTCNで追跡できることです。支払う相手が銀行入金を受けられない、または現金を早く用意する必要があるなら、その利便がコストに見合いえます。\nただしコストには為替マージンが含まれ——同社は為替から利益を得ると明示します——400円からの手数料は総額を過小に示します。FXマージンを含め、プロモーションレートは通常価格と分けて扱いましょう。\nアプリが有利な場面\n受取人が銀行口座を持つなら、銀行入金型の送金アプリ（Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai）が通常より安く追跡しやすく、送る前に受取額を示します。銀行口座への定期的な家族支援では、アプリ経路がコストで現金受取に勝ることが多く、現金受取の詐欺リスクも避けられます。\n判断ルールは単純です：受取人が現金か銀行入金かで選び、正確なコリドーと受取方法で同時刻の見積を比較しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/western-union-vs-apps","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:western-union-japan-review","guide:emergency-transfers-from-japan","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud","guide:best-transfer-services-by-use-case"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Western Union","url":"https://www.westernunion.com/jp/en/web/send-money/start","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Remit Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.remit.co.jp/english/","official":true},{"publisher":"D.Communications Co., Ltd.","url":"https://www.dcom-money.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"ウエスタンユニオンは200超の国での緊急現金受取や銀行口座のない受取人に有利ですが、その為替マージンのため、受取人が口座を持つなら銀行入金型アプリ（Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai）の方が安いことが多いです。\nウエスタンユニオンの現金受取の強みが為替マージンに見合う場面と、銀行入金型の送金アプリの方が安く追跡しやすい場面。\nウエスタンユニオン：銀行口座のない受取人への比類ない現金受取網と速さ。MTCN追跡。\nアプリ：銀行入金では通常より安く、アプリ追跡が明快で受取額を事前表示。\nウエスタンユニオンは為替から利益を得ると明示——400円からの手数料だけでなくFXマージンを含める。\n受取人が現金か銀行入金かで選び、同時刻の見積で比較。\nウエスタンユニオンが見合う場面\nウエスタンユニオンの網は200超の国に及び、現金受取・代理店・銀行口座の手段があり、真の強みは銀行口座のない受取人へ素早く支払い、MTCNで追跡できることです。支払う相手が銀行入金を受けられない、または現金を早く用意する必要があるなら、その利便がコストに見合いえます。\nただしコストには為替マージンが含まれ——同社は為替から利益を得ると明示します——400円からの手数料は総額を過小に示します。FXマージンを含め、プロモーションレートは通常価格と分けて扱いましょう。\nアプリが有利な場面\n受取人が銀行口座を持つなら、銀行入金型の送金アプリ（Wise・SBIレミット・DCOM・Smiles・Kyodai）が通常より安く追跡しやすく、送る前に受取額を示します。銀行口座への定期的な家族支援では、アプリ経路がコストで現金受取に勝ることが多く、現金受取の詐欺リスクも避けられます。\n判断ルールは単純です：受取人が現金か銀行入金かで選び、正確なコリドーと受取方法で同時刻の見積を比較しましょう。","url":"/ja/remittance/western-union-vs-apps","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho:ja","entityId":"guide:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほの海外送金比較","plainText":"MUFGはオンライン仕向手数料が最も低く（2,500〜3,000円）英語のWeb Support Plusがあり、SMBCは7通貨と公表の約1ドル1円マージン、みずほのアプリ送金は5,000円です。ただし小口では専門業者が3行すべてに勝ることが多いです。\n3メガバンクを、仕向手数料・FXマージン・オンライン対応・通貨・被仕向コスト・英語対応で比較。小口では専門業者が3行すべてに勝ることが多いという共通の注意点つき。\nMUFGオンライン：MUFG拠点へ2,500円、他行へ3,000円。オンラインは受取人負担のみ。英語のWeb Support Plus。\nSMBCオンライン：3,000/3,500円。送金7通貨。公表マージン約1ドル1円・約1ユーロ1.40円。組戻4,000円。\nみずほアプリ送金5,000円、店頭8,000〜8,500円、組戻5,500円。3行ともマイナンバー必須。\n小口では定額手数料とFXマージンにより、専門業者が3メガバンクに勝ることが多い。\n手数料・FX・チャネル\nMUFGはオンライン仕向手数料が最も低く——指定のMUFG海外拠点へ2,500円、他行へ3,000円——ただしMUFG Directは受取人負担のみ（送金人負担のコルレスは店頭が必要）。SMBCオンラインはSMBC拠点へ3,000円・他行へ3,500円、送金7通貨、公表FXマージンは約1ドル1円・約1ユーロ1.40円、組戻/内容変更4,000円。みずほのアプリ送金は5,000円、店頭8,000〜8,500円、組戻5,500円です。\n3行ともマイナンバーと受取人登録が必要で、いずれもISO 20022へ移行中のため準備時間が増えることがあります。被仕向手数料は異なり（SMBCは外貨→円で原則1,500円、みずほは原則2,500円）、受取時の料金表を確認しましょう——MUFGは2026年の改定を告知しています。\nどれを使うか\n3行の中では、MUFGが単純な受取人負担の送金でオンライン最安のことが多く、英語のWeb Support Plusがあります。SMBCは7通貨と公表マージンを求める人に向き、みずほはアプリを使うみずほ既存顧客に向きます。3行とも大口ではFXマージンが主コストなので、交渉レートを尋ねましょう。\n共通の注意点：小口の個人送金では、現地で集金・支払する専門業者が総コストで3メガバンクに勝ることが多いです。SWIFT送金・正式な証明・7通貨対応・大口の書類を伴う送金が必要なときにメガバンクを使いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:mufg-international-transfers","guide:smbc-international-transfers","guide:mizuho-international-transfers","guide:banks-vs-remittance-providers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"MUFG Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/tsukau/kaigai/okuru/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"MUFGはオンライン仕向手数料が最も低く（2,500〜3,000円）英語のWeb Support Plusがあり、SMBCは7通貨と公表の約1ドル1円マージン、みずほのアプリ送金は5,000円です。ただし小口では専門業者が3行すべてに勝ることが多いです。\n3メガバンクを、仕向手数料・FXマージン・オンライン対応・通貨・被仕向コスト・英語対応で比較。小口では専門業者が3行すべてに勝ることが多いという共通の注意点つき。\nMUFGオンライン：MUFG拠点へ2,500円、他行へ3,000円。オンラインは受取人負担のみ。英語のWeb Support Plus。\nSMBCオンライン：3,000/3,500円。送金7通貨。公表マージン約1ドル1円・約1ユーロ1.40円。組戻4,000円。\nみずほアプリ送金5,000円、店頭8,000〜8,500円、組戻5,500円。3行ともマイナンバー必須。\n小口では定額手数料とFXマージンにより、専門業者が3メガバンクに勝ることが多い。\n手数料・FX・チャネル\nMUFGはオンライン仕向手数料が最も低く——指定のMUFG海外拠点へ2,500円、他行へ3,000円——ただしMUFG Directは受取人負担のみ（送金人負担のコルレスは店頭が必要）。SMBCオンラインはSMBC拠点へ3,000円・他行へ3,500円、送金7通貨、公表FXマージンは約1ドル1円・約1ユーロ1.40円、組戻/内容変更4,000円。みずほのアプリ送金は5,000円、店頭8,000〜8,500円、組戻5,500円です。\n3行ともマイナンバーと受取人登録が必要で、いずれもISO 20022へ移行中のため準備時間が増えることがあります。被仕向手数料は異なり（SMBCは外貨→円で原則1,500円、みずほは原則2,500円）、受取時の料金表を確認しましょう——MUFGは2026年の改定を告知しています。\nどれを使うか\n3行の中では、MUFGが単純な受取人負担の送金でオンライン最安のことが多く、英語のWeb Support Plusがあります。SMBCは7通貨と公表マージンを求める人に向き、みずほはアプリを使うみずほ既存顧客に向きます。3行とも大口ではFXマージンが主コストなので、交渉レートを尋ねましょう。\n共通の注意点：小口の個人送金では、現地で集金・支払する専門業者が総コストで3メガバンクに勝ることが多いです。SWIFT送金・正式な証明・7通貨対応・大口の書類を伴う送金が必要なときにメガバンクを使いましょう。","url":"/ja/remittance/mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:prestia-vs-sony-bank:ja","entityId":"guide:prestia-vs-sony-bank","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"プレスティアとソニー銀行の比較","plainText":"プレスティアは英語対応・MultiMoney口座・GLOBAL PASSに優れますがオンラインの事業目的送金を禁じます。ソニー銀行は24時間のオンライン送金・11の送金通貨・Sony Bank WALLETに優れます。英語の店舗サポートか、オンラインの外貨自動化かで選びましょう。\n英語に強く外貨に強い2行を、サポート・預金・所得受取・送金手数料・デビットカード・口座要件で比較。\nプレスティア：強い英語対応、MultiMoney外貨口座、GLOBAL PASSデビット。オンラインの事業目的送金は不可。\nソニー銀行：24時間のオンライン送金（3,000円、Club S Platinumで一部無料）、11の送金通貨、Sony Bank WALLET。\n両行とも外貨所得を受取可。両行ともマルチカレンシーデビットを提供し、ATMで自行カードの銀行側取引手数料なし（運営者・両替手数料は生じうる）。\n英語の店舗・階層サービスならプレスティア、オンラインの外貨自動化ならソニー。\n比較\nプレスティア（SMBC信託銀行）は英語対応と外貨を軸にします：MultiMoney口座は複数通貨を保有、GLOBAL PASSは銀行取引手数料の掲示なしのマルチカレンシーVisaデビット、手数料階層は取引残高を優遇（標準オンライン3,500円、100万円残高で2,000円、Goldは無料）。重要な制限は、オンライン送金を法人口座・事業目的資金に使えないことです。\nソニー銀行はオンラインの外貨自動化を軸にします：24時間のオンライン送金3,000円（Club S Platinumで月3回まで無料）、11の送金通貨、10の外貨残高から直接支払うSony Bank WALLET（一致残高がない場合のみ1.79%）。両行とも、審査を前提に外貨の給与・年金を受け取れます。\nどちらが合うか\n英語の店舗・電話サポート、取引残高に連動する階層特典、外貨バンキングの関係を重視するならプレスティア。強力なオンライン外貨自動化、より多い送金通貨、外貨預金から直接支払うウォレットカードが欲しいならソニー銀行を選びましょう。\nフリーランスや事業者は、プレスティアのオンライン事業目的制限に留意し許可された経路を確認を。外貨残高を能動的に管理する旅行者には、Sony Bank WALLETが際立ちます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/prestia-vs-sony-bank","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:smbc-prestia","product:sony-bank"],"guides":["guide:prestia-international-transfers","guide:sony-bank-international-transfers","guide:best-multi-currency-accounts","guide:best-overseas-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/overseas_remittance/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/guide/fct_transfer/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/globalpass/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sony Bank","url":"https://moneykit.net/en/visa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"プレスティアは英語対応・MultiMoney口座・GLOBAL PASSに優れますがオンラインの事業目的送金を禁じます。ソニー銀行は24時間のオンライン送金・11の送金通貨・Sony Bank WALLETに優れます。英語の店舗サポートか、オンラインの外貨自動化かで選びましょう。\n英語に強く外貨に強い2行を、サポート・預金・所得受取・送金手数料・デビットカード・口座要件で比較。\nプレスティア：強い英語対応、MultiMoney外貨口座、GLOBAL PASSデビット。オンラインの事業目的送金は不可。\nソニー銀行：24時間のオンライン送金（3,000円、Club S Platinumで一部無料）、11の送金通貨、Sony Bank WALLET。\n両行とも外貨所得を受取可。両行ともマルチカレンシーデビットを提供し、ATMで自行カードの銀行側取引手数料なし（運営者・両替手数料は生じうる）。\n英語の店舗・階層サービスならプレスティア、オンラインの外貨自動化ならソニー。\n比較\nプレスティア（SMBC信託銀行）は英語対応と外貨を軸にします：MultiMoney口座は複数通貨を保有、GLOBAL PASSは銀行取引手数料の掲示なしのマルチカレンシーVisaデビット、手数料階層は取引残高を優遇（標準オンライン3,500円、100万円残高で2,000円、Goldは無料）。重要な制限は、オンライン送金を法人口座・事業目的資金に使えないことです。\nソニー銀行はオンラインの外貨自動化を軸にします：24時間のオンライン送金3,000円（Club S Platinumで月3回まで無料）、11の送金通貨、10の外貨残高から直接支払うSony Bank WALLET（一致残高がない場合のみ1.79%）。両行とも、審査を前提に外貨の給与・年金を受け取れます。\nどちらが合うか\n英語の店舗・電話サポート、取引残高に連動する階層特典、外貨バンキングの関係を重視するならプレスティア。強力なオンライン外貨自動化、より多い送金通貨、外貨預金から直接支払うウォレットカードが欲しいならソニー銀行を選びましょう。\nフリーランスや事業者は、プレスティアのオンライン事業目的制限に留意し許可された経路を確認を。外貨残高を能動的に管理する旅行者には、Sony Bank WALLETが際立ちます。","url":"/ja/remittance/prestia-vs-sony-bank","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:rakuten-vs-japan-post:ja","entityId":"guide:rakuten-vs-japan-post","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"楽天銀行とゆうちょ銀行の海外送金比較","plainText":"楽天銀行は仕向の表示手数料が750円と低いですが円建て資金調達が必要で任意/円建て送金の手数料が加わり、ゆうちょ銀行は3,000円で送金画面は日本語のみ・受取は米ドル/ユーロのみです。円から入金し全手数料を読むなら、楽天がコストで有利なことが多いです。\nオンラインで使える対照的な2つ：楽天の低い750円の表示手数料（円建て資金調達が必須）と、日本語のみの画面・米ドル/ユーロ限定受取のゆうちょ銀行。\n楽天銀行：仕向の表示手数料750円だが、外貨送金は円口座からの両替で資金調達が必要。任意の中継手数料1,000円、円建て送金は＋3,000円。\nゆうちょ銀行：仕向3,000円、画面は日本語のみ。受取は米ドル・ユーロのみで中継控除を開示。\n両行ともマイナンバー必須。両行とも受取銀行手数料が差し引かれうる。\n円からなら楽天がコストで有利なことが多い。ゆうちょは日本語画面で問題ない既存顧客に向く。\n比較\n楽天銀行は仕向手数料750円と60超の通貨・200超の国をうたいますが、詳細が重要です：外貨の仕向送金は円口座からの両替で資金調達が必要（既存の外貨預金を直接送れない）、任意の送金人負担の中継手数料1,000円、円建ての海外送金は＋3,000円。銀行審査は営業日に行われ、請求書や説明が必要なことがあります。\nゆうちょ銀行は公表レートで仕向3,000円ですが、送金サイトは日本語のみで一部の入力は日本語が必要です。英語の受取指示は米ドル・ユーロのみ（BIC JPPSJPJ2）で、10ドル・5ユーロの中継控除を開示します。両行ともマイナンバーが必要で、受取銀行手数料を転嫁しえます。\nどちらを選ぶか\n円から入金し全手数料を読むなら、楽天銀行がコストで有利なことが多く、画面も使いやすいです。ゆうちょ銀行は、日本語のみの送金画面で問題ない既存顧客や、ゆうちょ口座が特に必要で米ドル・ユーロで対応できる受取人に向きます。\nどちらでも、為替レートと受取銀行控除が総額を左右するため、表示手数料でなく受取額で比較を——小口では専門業者が両行に勝ることもあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/rakuten-vs-japan-post","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:rakuten-bank","product:japan-post-bank"],"guides":["guide:japan-post-bank-international-transfers","guide:incoming-bank-fees","guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/geo/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"楽天銀行は仕向の表示手数料が750円と低いですが円建て資金調達が必要で任意/円建て送金の手数料が加わり、ゆうちょ銀行は3,000円で送金画面は日本語のみ・受取は米ドル/ユーロのみです。円から入金し全手数料を読むなら、楽天がコストで有利なことが多いです。\nオンラインで使える対照的な2つ：楽天の低い750円の表示手数料（円建て資金調達が必須）と、日本語のみの画面・米ドル/ユーロ限定受取のゆうちょ銀行。\n楽天銀行：仕向の表示手数料750円だが、外貨送金は円口座からの両替で資金調達が必要。任意の中継手数料1,000円、円建て送金は＋3,000円。\nゆうちょ銀行：仕向3,000円、画面は日本語のみ。受取は米ドル・ユーロのみで中継控除を開示。\n両行ともマイナンバー必須。両行とも受取銀行手数料が差し引かれうる。\n円からなら楽天がコストで有利なことが多い。ゆうちょは日本語画面で問題ない既存顧客に向く。\n比較\n楽天銀行は仕向手数料750円と60超の通貨・200超の国をうたいますが、詳細が重要です：外貨の仕向送金は円口座からの両替で資金調達が必要（既存の外貨預金を直接送れない）、任意の送金人負担の中継手数料1,000円、円建ての海外送金は＋3,000円。銀行審査は営業日に行われ、請求書や説明が必要なことがあります。\nゆうちょ銀行は公表レートで仕向3,000円ですが、送金サイトは日本語のみで一部の入力は日本語が必要です。英語の受取指示は米ドル・ユーロのみ（BIC JPPSJPJ2）で、10ドル・5ユーロの中継控除を開示します。両行ともマイナンバーが必要で、受取銀行手数料を転嫁しえます。\nどちらを選ぶか\n円から入金し全手数料を読むなら、楽天銀行がコストで有利なことが多く、画面も使いやすいです。ゆうちょ銀行は、日本語のみの送金画面で問題ない既存顧客や、ゆうちょ口座が特に必要で米ドル・ユーロで対応できる受取人に向きます。\nどちらでも、為替レートと受取銀行控除が総額を左右するため、表示手数料でなく受取額で比較を——小口では専門業者が両行に勝ることもあります。","url":"/ja/remittance/rakuten-vs-japan-post","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:payoneer-vs-wise-vs-paypal:ja","entityId":"guide:payoneer-vs-wise-vs-paypal","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Payoneer・Wiseビジネス・PayPalの比較","plainText":"Wiseビジネスは透明な両替と現地受取情報、Payoneerはマーケットプレイスや現地口座を望むクライアントに強く、PayPalはクライアントが既に使い買い手/売り手の紛争が重要な場面で最適ですが、日常の両替では割高になりがちです。\nフリーランス・事業者が海外クライアントから支払いを受ける3つの方法を、クライアントの手間・受取情報・手数料・出金・紛争・会計で比較。\nWiseビジネス：仲値の両替、現地受取情報、透明な手数料。透明な請求に向く。\nPayoneer：マーケットプレイスの受取と、米ドル・ユーロ・英ポンド・円・加ドル等での現地口座情報。出金/支払手数料は様々。\nPayPal：クライアントが既に使い紛争が重要な場面で便利だが、越境・両替手数料が高くなりうる。\nクライアントの手間・両替コスト・出金手数料・紛争の権利・留保/審査リスク・会計取り込みで選ぶ。\n比較\nWiseビジネスは仲値で両替し透明な手数料で、クライアントに現地受取情報を渡せて手間を減らし一部の中継控除を避けます——単純な請求に明快な選択です。Payoneerはマーケットプレイスや現地口座での支払を好むクライアントに強く、米ドル・ユーロ・英ポンド・円・加ドル等の受取口座を提供し、公表の世界価格には残高両替の約0.5%や各種の出金/支払手数料が含まれます（ログイン後の価格が優先）。\nPayPalは、クライアントが既に使い買い手/売り手の紛争ツールが重要な場面で便利で、支払前に両替レートを表示します。日常の両替では銀行入金の専門業者送金より割高なことが多いので、紛争保護と両替コストを比べましょう。\n選び方と自衛\nクライアントの支払の手間（実際に何を使うか）、両替コスト、出金手数料、紛争の権利、留保/審査リスク、会計への取り込みやすさで決めましょう。多くのフリーランスは2つ持ちます——主たる請求チャネルと、特定プラットフォームを求めるクライアント向けのバックアップ。\nどれを使っても、契約・請求書・納品証拠・プラットフォーム明細を残しましょう。きれいな証跡で口座審査リスクは下がり、事業収入は海外払いや外貨残高保有でも課税されえます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/payoneer-vs-wise-vs-paypal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":["product:wise-business","product:wise"],"guides":["guide:freelance-payments-from-overseas","guide:receive-international-transfer","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Payoneer","url":"https://www.payoneer.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/jp/business/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPal","url":"https://www.paypal.com/jp/webapps/mpp/home","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"Wiseビジネスは透明な両替と現地受取情報、Payoneerはマーケットプレイスや現地口座を望むクライアントに強く、PayPalはクライアントが既に使い買い手/売り手の紛争が重要な場面で最適ですが、日常の両替では割高になりがちです。\nフリーランス・事業者が海外クライアントから支払いを受ける3つの方法を、クライアントの手間・受取情報・手数料・出金・紛争・会計で比較。\nWiseビジネス：仲値の両替、現地受取情報、透明な手数料。透明な請求に向く。\nPayoneer：マーケットプレイスの受取と、米ドル・ユーロ・英ポンド・円・加ドル等での現地口座情報。出金/支払手数料は様々。\nPayPal：クライアントが既に使い紛争が重要な場面で便利だが、越境・両替手数料が高くなりうる。\nクライアントの手間・両替コスト・出金手数料・紛争の権利・留保/審査リスク・会計取り込みで選ぶ。\n比較\nWiseビジネスは仲値で両替し透明な手数料で、クライアントに現地受取情報を渡せて手間を減らし一部の中継控除を避けます——単純な請求に明快な選択です。Payoneerはマーケットプレイスや現地口座での支払を好むクライアントに強く、米ドル・ユーロ・英ポンド・円・加ドル等の受取口座を提供し、公表の世界価格には残高両替の約0.5%や各種の出金/支払手数料が含まれます（ログイン後の価格が優先）。\nPayPalは、クライアントが既に使い買い手/売り手の紛争ツールが重要な場面で便利で、支払前に両替レートを表示します。日常の両替では銀行入金の専門業者送金より割高なことが多いので、紛争保護と両替コストを比べましょう。\n選び方と自衛\nクライアントの支払の手間（実際に何を使うか）、両替コスト、出金手数料、紛争の権利、留保/審査リスク、会計への取り込みやすさで決めましょう。多くのフリーランスは2つ持ちます——主たる請求チャネルと、特定プラットフォームを求めるクライアント向けのバックアップ。\nどれを使っても、契約・請求書・納品証拠・プラットフォーム明細を残しましょう。きれいな証跡で口座審査リスクは下がり、事業収入は海外払いや外貨残高保有でも課税されえます。","url":"/ja/remittance/payoneer-vs-wise-vs-paypal","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:incoming-bank-fees:ja","entityId":"guide:incoming-bank-fees","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の銀行の被仕向（受取）手数料","plainText":"海外送金の受取は通常、被仕向手数料（主要行で概ね1,500〜2,500円）に加え、両替やリフティングの手数料、送金側銀行に見えない中継控除がかかりえます。対応通貨を確認し、入金額が送金額よりやや少なくなると想定しましょう。\n海外からお金を受け取るコスト——被仕向手数料・両替手数料・同一通貨/リフティング手数料・中継控除——を主要行で比較。\n主要行は被仕向手数料を課す：SMBCは外貨→円で原則1,500円、みずほは原則2,500円、SBI新生は約2,000円。\n同一通貨や円の受取は、経路により約0.05%（最低約2,500円）のリフティング手数料が生じうる。\n中継銀行は送り手に見えない手数料を差し引きうる。ゆうちょは10ドル（米ドル）・5ユーロ（ユーロ）を開示。\n対応通貨を確認——ゆうちょの英語受取指示は米ドル・ユーロのみ。\n受取に払うもの\n海外送金の受取は無料ではありません。主要行は被仕向手数料を課します——SMBCは外貨→円の受取で原則1,500円、みずほは原則2,500円、SBI新生は約2,000円相当（掲載の制度でSilver以上のStep Up階層は後日リベート）。同一通貨や円の国際受取も、経路により最低約2,500円の約0.05%のリフティング手数料が生じえます。\n受取銀行の手数料に加え、中継（コルレス）銀行が送り手の銀行に事前に見えない手数料を差し引きえます。ゆうちょ銀行は、対象の米ドル受取に10ドル、ユーロ受取に5ユーロの定額中継控除を開示し、さらに生じうると注意します。だから入金額が送金額よりやや少なくなることがあります。\n受取コストを減らす\n支払を指定する前に対応通貨を確認しましょう——ゆうちょ銀行の英語受取指示は米ドル・ユーロのみで、不一致は返送を招きえます。可能なら口座が対応する通貨で受け取り強制両替を避けるか、プラットフォームの現地受取情報（Wise・Payoneer）を使い一部の中継控除を回避しましょう。\n繰り返し受け取る給与や年金は、最新の被仕向手数料ページと階層リベートを確認し、受取時に数値を再確認しましょう。一部の銀行（例：楽天銀行の個人被仕向手数料）は、取引日に再確認すべき数値を公表しています。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/incoming-bank-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:receive-international-transfer","guide:intermediary-bank-fees","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Mizuho Bank, Ltd.","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/kojin/kaigai/soukin/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"SBI Shinsei Bank","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/english/foreign/receive.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Post Bank","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/en/djp/en_djp_uketori.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"海外送金の受取は通常、被仕向手数料（主要行で概ね1,500〜2,500円）に加え、両替やリフティングの手数料、送金側銀行に見えない中継控除がかかりえます。対応通貨を確認し、入金額が送金額よりやや少なくなると想定しましょう。\n海外からお金を受け取るコスト——被仕向手数料・両替手数料・同一通貨/リフティング手数料・中継控除——を主要行で比較。\n主要行は被仕向手数料を課す：SMBCは外貨→円で原則1,500円、みずほは原則2,500円、SBI新生は約2,000円。\n同一通貨や円の受取は、経路により約0.05%（最低約2,500円）のリフティング手数料が生じうる。\n中継銀行は送り手に見えない手数料を差し引きうる。ゆうちょは10ドル（米ドル）・5ユーロ（ユーロ）を開示。\n対応通貨を確認——ゆうちょの英語受取指示は米ドル・ユーロのみ。\n受取に払うもの\n海外送金の受取は無料ではありません。主要行は被仕向手数料を課します——SMBCは外貨→円の受取で原則1,500円、みずほは原則2,500円、SBI新生は約2,000円相当（掲載の制度でSilver以上のStep Up階層は後日リベート）。同一通貨や円の国際受取も、経路により最低約2,500円の約0.05%のリフティング手数料が生じえます。\n受取銀行の手数料に加え、中継（コルレス）銀行が送り手の銀行に事前に見えない手数料を差し引きえます。ゆうちょ銀行は、対象の米ドル受取に10ドル、ユーロ受取に5ユーロの定額中継控除を開示し、さらに生じうると注意します。だから入金額が送金額よりやや少なくなることがあります。\n受取コストを減らす\n支払を指定する前に対応通貨を確認しましょう——ゆうちょ銀行の英語受取指示は米ドル・ユーロのみで、不一致は返送を招きえます。可能なら口座が対応する通貨で受け取り強制両替を避けるか、プラットフォームの現地受取情報（Wise・Payoneer）を使い一部の中継控除を回避しましょう。\n繰り返し受け取る給与や年金は、最新の被仕向手数料ページと階層リベートを確認し、受取時に数値を再確認しましょう。一部の銀行（例：楽天銀行の個人被仕向手数料）は、取引日に再確認すべき数値を公表しています。","url":"/ja/remittance/incoming-bank-fees","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:are-transfers-taxable:ja","entityId":"guide:are-transfers-taxable","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外送金は日本で課税される？","plainText":"お金を移すこと自体は通常課税事由ではありません。税務は元の取引に従います——給与は所得、無償の移転は贈与になりうる、相続資金は相続税が関わりうる、資産売却は譲渡益になりうる——そして自分の貯蓄を口座間で移すのは通常は新たな所得ではありません。\nお金の移動自体は通常課税事由でない理由と、税務が代わりに元の取引——給与・贈与・相続・借入・事業所得・自分の貯蓄——に従う仕組み。\n送金自体は通常課税されない——重要なのは元の事象。\n給与は所得、無償の移転は贈与になりうる、相続は相続税が関わりうる、売却は譲渡益を生みうる。\n自分の貯蓄を自分の口座間で移すのは通常は新たな所得でないが、元の源泉は税務上の性質を保つ。\n居住区分（居住者・非永住者・非居住者）で課税対象が変わる——本内容は教育目的で助言ではない。\n税務は送金でなく源泉に従う\nお金を送る・受け取ること自体は通常課税事由ではありません。重要なのは元の取引です。給与は所得、無償の移転は贈与になりうる、相続資金は相続税が関わりうる、資産売却は譲渡益を生みうる、事業収入は事業所得のまま。自分の既存の貯蓄を口座間で移すのは新たな所得の受取とは異なり、通常それ自体は課税を生みません。\nだから大口の受取が自動的に納税義務を生むわけではなく、自分のお金を海外に送っても自動的に課税されるわけではありません。ただし元の性質はお金とともに移動します：利子・利得・給与・贈与・相続は、送金後も税務上の扱いを保ちます。\n居住区分と専門家に相談すべき場面\n居住区分で課税対象が変わります。非永住者以外の居住者は原則、全世界所得に課税。非永住者は、国外源泉でない所得、国内で支払われた国外源泉所得、そして法定計算で送金扱いされる範囲の国外で支払われた国外源泉所得に課税。非居住者は原則、日本源泉所得に課税されます。非永住者の送金ルールは「同じドルが日本に入った」という単純な追跡判定ではありません。\n本ページは教育目的で、納税額を判断できません。非送金扱いに頼る前や、大きな贈与・相続・不動産・信託・外国法人・暗号資産・ストックオプション・米国申告については、日本の国際税務の専門家に相談を。給与明細・契約・売買契約・検認書類・使用した為替レートなど元の書類を残しましょう。送金の控えだけでは税務証拠として不十分です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/are-transfers-taxable","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:cross-border-gift-tax","guide:foreign-salary-in-japan","guide:receive-international-transfer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/zoyo/4402.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/hotei/7456.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"お金を移すこと自体は通常課税事由ではありません。税務は元の取引に従います——給与は所得、無償の移転は贈与になりうる、相続資金は相続税が関わりうる、資産売却は譲渡益になりうる——そして自分の貯蓄を口座間で移すのは通常は新たな所得ではありません。\nお金の移動自体は通常課税事由でない理由と、税務が代わりに元の取引——給与・贈与・相続・借入・事業所得・自分の貯蓄——に従う仕組み。\n送金自体は通常課税されない——重要なのは元の事象。\n給与は所得、無償の移転は贈与になりうる、相続は相続税が関わりうる、売却は譲渡益を生みうる。\n自分の貯蓄を自分の口座間で移すのは通常は新たな所得でないが、元の源泉は税務上の性質を保つ。\n居住区分（居住者・非永住者・非居住者）で課税対象が変わる——本内容は教育目的で助言ではない。\n税務は送金でなく源泉に従う\nお金を送る・受け取ること自体は通常課税事由ではありません。重要なのは元の取引です。給与は所得、無償の移転は贈与になりうる、相続資金は相続税が関わりうる、資産売却は譲渡益を生みうる、事業収入は事業所得のまま。自分の既存の貯蓄を口座間で移すのは新たな所得の受取とは異なり、通常それ自体は課税を生みません。\nだから大口の受取が自動的に納税義務を生むわけではなく、自分のお金を海外に送っても自動的に課税されるわけではありません。ただし元の性質はお金とともに移動します：利子・利得・給与・贈与・相続は、送金後も税務上の扱いを保ちます。\n居住区分と専門家に相談すべき場面\n居住区分で課税対象が変わります。非永住者以外の居住者は原則、全世界所得に課税。非永住者は、国外源泉でない所得、国内で支払われた国外源泉所得、そして法定計算で送金扱いされる範囲の国外で支払われた国外源泉所得に課税。非居住者は原則、日本源泉所得に課税されます。非永住者の送金ルールは「同じドルが日本に入った」という単純な追跡判定ではありません。\n本ページは教育目的で、納税額を判断できません。非送金扱いに頼る前や、大きな贈与・相続・不動産・信託・外国法人・暗号資産・ストックオプション・米国申告については、日本の国際税務の専門家に相談を。給与明細・契約・売買契約・検認書類・使用した為替レートなど元の書類を残しましょう。送金の控えだけでは税務証拠として不十分です。","url":"/ja/remittance/are-transfers-taxable","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:cross-border-gift-tax:ja","entityId":"guide:cross-border-gift-tax","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の国際贈与税","plainText":"日本の暦年課税では、その年に受け取った贈与の合計から110万円の基礎控除が差し引かれ、原則として受贈者が納税者です。ただし居住・国籍・財産の所在で結果が変わるため、大きな国際贈与は専門家の助言が必要です。\n日本の暦年課税の贈与税——110万円の基礎控除、受贈者ベースの計算、居住・国籍の要素——と、国際贈与で専門家の助言が必要な場面。\n基礎控除は原則、受贈者1人・暦年あたり受け取った贈与の合計110万円——贈与者ごとではない。\n通常の暦年課税では、原則として受贈者が納税者。\n居住歴・国籍・贈与者の状況・財産の所在が、いずれも結果を変えうる。\n真の通常の生活・教育の支援は、無制限の贈与と異なる扱いになりうるが、事実と時期が重要。\n控除の仕組み\n日本の暦年課税の贈与税は、原則としてその暦年に受け取った贈与の合計から110万円の基礎控除を差し引きます。重要なのは、これは受贈者ごとであって贈与者ごとではない点です——お金をくれる人ごとに新たな110万円の枠がもらえるわけではありません。通常の制度では、原則として受贈者が納税者です。\n国籍・住所・居住歴・贈与者の状況・財産の所在・特例・相続時精算課税の選択などが、いずれも結果を変ええます。特に、贈与者と受贈者が別の国にいる、または一方が最近移住した国際贈与では重要です。\n家族支援と助言が必要な場面\n真の通常の生活・教育のための支払は、無制限の贈与と異なる扱いになりうますが、事実・時期・必要性・直接の使途が重要です。大きな累積の移転、不動産購入の資金、投資の資金、通常の支援を超える支払は贈与に見えることがあり、専門家の確認が必要です。海外の親族が関わる一部の扶養控除の申告では、NTAは関係と送金の書類を求め、30〜69歳の一部の親族には、別の例外がない限り38万円の送金要件などの追加ルールがあります。\n本ページは教育目的で、納税額を判断できません。大きな国際贈与を行う・受け取る前、または家族の不動産購入に資金を出す前に、日本の税理士に相談し、関係・目的・資金の使途の証拠を残しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/cross-border-gift-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:are-transfers-taxable","guide:large-transfers-from-japan","guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/zoyo/4402.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1180.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"日本の暦年課税では、その年に受け取った贈与の合計から110万円の基礎控除が差し引かれ、原則として受贈者が納税者です。ただし居住・国籍・財産の所在で結果が変わるため、大きな国際贈与は専門家の助言が必要です。\n日本の暦年課税の贈与税——110万円の基礎控除、受贈者ベースの計算、居住・国籍の要素——と、国際贈与で専門家の助言が必要な場面。\n基礎控除は原則、受贈者1人・暦年あたり受け取った贈与の合計110万円——贈与者ごとではない。\n通常の暦年課税では、原則として受贈者が納税者。\n居住歴・国籍・贈与者の状況・財産の所在が、いずれも結果を変えうる。\n真の通常の生活・教育の支援は、無制限の贈与と異なる扱いになりうるが、事実と時期が重要。\n控除の仕組み\n日本の暦年課税の贈与税は、原則としてその暦年に受け取った贈与の合計から110万円の基礎控除を差し引きます。重要なのは、これは受贈者ごとであって贈与者ごとではない点です——お金をくれる人ごとに新たな110万円の枠がもらえるわけではありません。通常の制度では、原則として受贈者が納税者です。\n国籍・住所・居住歴・贈与者の状況・財産の所在・特例・相続時精算課税の選択などが、いずれも結果を変ええます。特に、贈与者と受贈者が別の国にいる、または一方が最近移住した国際贈与では重要です。\n家族支援と助言が必要な場面\n真の通常の生活・教育のための支払は、無制限の贈与と異なる扱いになりうますが、事実・時期・必要性・直接の使途が重要です。大きな累積の移転、不動産購入の資金、投資の資金、通常の支援を超える支払は贈与に見えることがあり、専門家の確認が必要です。海外の親族が関わる一部の扶養控除の申告では、NTAは関係と送金の書類を求め、30〜69歳の一部の親族には、別の例外がない限り38万円の送金要件などの追加ルールがあります。\n本ページは教育目的で、納税額を判断できません。大きな国際贈与を行う・受け取る前、または家族の不動産購入に資金を出す前に、日本の税理士に相談し、関係・目的・資金の使途の証拠を残しましょう。","url":"/ja/remittance/cross-border-gift-tax","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen:ja","entityId":"guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外送金が遅延・口座が凍結される理由","plainText":"氏名不一致・期限切れの在留カード・収入に見合わない金額・曖昧な目的・第三者資金・制裁該当など、何かが不整合に見えると送金は止まり口座は凍結されます。各々は再試行ではなく特定の是正証拠で解消されます。\nよくある引き金——氏名不一致・期限切れ書類・通常と異なる金額・不明確な目的・第三者資金・制裁該当——と、それぞれを解消する是正証拠。\n口座・在留カード・受取人記録での氏名不一致は主因——公式の氏名証拠で是正。\n期限切れの在留カードや古い住所は送金を止める——更新し登録情報を更新。\n収入に合わない金額・曖昧な目的・第三者資金は審査を招く——再試行でなく書類を提出。\n制裁や高リスクの該当は追加証拠が必要になりえ、一部の支払は禁止のまま。\nよくある引き金とその解消\n多くの保留は不整合から生じます。口座・在留カード・受取人記録で氏名が異なる→公式の氏名証拠を提出し受取人記録を訂正。在留カードや住所が古い→カードを更新し住所を更新。収入に合わない金額→給与明細・確定申告書・貯蓄履歴・売買/相続書類。曖昧な目的→請求書・学費請求・支援の説明・契約。第三者資金→関係・授権・源泉の証明。無関係の複数受取人→事業記録や詳細な関係説明。\n高リスク国や制裁名の該当→追加の身元・取引証拠（ただし一部の支払は禁止のまま）。不動産・投資の支払→購入契約・エスクロー指示・専門家の連絡先・源泉の連なり。受取人情報がメールで変更→受取人との独自の確認。業者が連絡できない→最新の電話・メール・郵送先。\nそもそも凍結を避ける\n登録された法的氏名・住所・在留資格・在留カードの有効期限を、口座・在留カード・受取人記録で最新に保ちましょう。「個人的」ではなく正確で具体的な目的を申告し、大口や通常と異なる送金では資金源書類を示せるようにしておきましょう。情報提供の要請には速やかに応じること——未回答の要請自体が審査を止める理由です。\n限度回避のため大口を小分けにしないこと——業者は関連取引を合算でき、ストラクチャリングを不審とみなします。他人のお金を自分の口座経由で送らせないこと——マネーミュールに似ており、口座凍結と刑事リスクを生みえます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/transfer-delayed-account-frozen","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:source-of-funds-and-purpose","guide:transfer-times-and-delays","guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"氏名不一致・期限切れの在留カード・収入に見合わない金額・曖昧な目的・第三者資金・制裁該当など、何かが不整合に見えると送金は止まり口座は凍結されます。各々は再試行ではなく特定の是正証拠で解消されます。\nよくある引き金——氏名不一致・期限切れ書類・通常と異なる金額・不明確な目的・第三者資金・制裁該当——と、それぞれを解消する是正証拠。\n口座・在留カード・受取人記録での氏名不一致は主因——公式の氏名証拠で是正。\n期限切れの在留カードや古い住所は送金を止める——更新し登録情報を更新。\n収入に合わない金額・曖昧な目的・第三者資金は審査を招く——再試行でなく書類を提出。\n制裁や高リスクの該当は追加証拠が必要になりえ、一部の支払は禁止のまま。\nよくある引き金とその解消\n多くの保留は不整合から生じます。口座・在留カード・受取人記録で氏名が異なる→公式の氏名証拠を提出し受取人記録を訂正。在留カードや住所が古い→カードを更新し住所を更新。収入に合わない金額→給与明細・確定申告書・貯蓄履歴・売買/相続書類。曖昧な目的→請求書・学費請求・支援の説明・契約。第三者資金→関係・授権・源泉の証明。無関係の複数受取人→事業記録や詳細な関係説明。\n高リスク国や制裁名の該当→追加の身元・取引証拠（ただし一部の支払は禁止のまま）。不動産・投資の支払→購入契約・エスクロー指示・専門家の連絡先・源泉の連なり。受取人情報がメールで変更→受取人との独自の確認。業者が連絡できない→最新の電話・メール・郵送先。\nそもそも凍結を避ける\n登録された法的氏名・住所・在留資格・在留カードの有効期限を、口座・在留カード・受取人記録で最新に保ちましょう。「個人的」ではなく正確で具体的な目的を申告し、大口や通常と異なる送金では資金源書類を示せるようにしておきましょう。情報提供の要請には速やかに応じること——未回答の要請自体が審査を止める理由です。\n限度回避のため大口を小分けにしないこと——業者は関連取引を合算でき、ストラクチャリングを不審とみなします。他人のお金を自分の口座経由で送らせないこと——マネーミュールに似ており、口座凍結と刑事リスクを生みえます。","url":"/ja/remittance/transfer-delayed-account-frozen","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud:ja","entityId":"guide:transfer-scams-and-fraud","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外送金の詐欺と防止策","plainText":"新しい受取人と口座情報の変更は、既知の電話番号で必ず独自に確認し、大口の前に少額のテスト送金をし、ワンタイムパスワードや受取番号を決して共有せず、緊急・秘密・他人のためのお金の転送依頼を詐欺の兆候として扱いましょう。\nよくある国際送金詐欺——受取人情報の変更・ロマンス/緊急詐欺・マネーミュール・不動産詐欺——と、身を守る具体的な習慣。\n新しい受取人と口座情報の変更は、既に持っている電話番号で独自に確認する。\n大口の前に少額テスト送金をし、入金額とレファレンスを確認する。\nワンタイムパスワード・カード情報全体・遠隔操作・受取番号を決して共有しない。\n他人のお金を自分の口座経由で送らせない——マネーミュール・税務・刑事のリスクを生む。\n知っておくべき詐欺\n受取人情報詐欺：犯人が請求書やメールを傍受し口座情報を変え、支払が犯人に届く。ロマンス・緊急詐欺：緊急で感情的な話で素早い送金を迫る。マネーミュール：「お願い」や仕事として受け取り転送するよう頼まれる。偽投資・「税務当局」の要求：保証された利回りや脅しで即時送金を迫る。不動産詐欺：エスクローや売主の口座情報のメール変更で手付金をそらす。\n共通点は、圧力＋変更または見知らぬ相手です。送金の控えは送金を始めた証明であり、正しい人に入金された証明ではありません。現金が受け取られ、または口座に入金されると、回収は不可能なことが多いです。\n身を守る習慣\n新しい受取人と口座情報の変更は、既に持っている電話番号で独自に確認しましょう——変更を知らせるメッセージ内の番号は使わないこと。大口の前に少額テスト送金をし（受取人が分割を禁じない限り）、入金額とレファレンスを確認します。ワンタイムパスワード・カード情報全体・遠隔操作・受取番号を決して共有しないこと。固有のパスワード・パスキーや多要素認証・端末ロック・取引通知・受取人ホワイトリストを使いましょう。\n不動産では、エスクロー指示を弁護士・タイトル会社・公証人・司法書士に、独自に入手した連絡先で確認を。緊急・秘密・保証利回り・ロマンス要求・「税務当局」の支払要求・見知らぬ相手へのお金の転送依頼を詐欺の兆候として扱いましょう。そして、クライアントや知人のお金を自分の個人口座経由で送らせないこと——マネーミュール・税務・口座凍結・刑事のリスクを生みえます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/transfer-scams-and-fraud","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":[],"products":[],"guides":["guide:transfer-delayed-account-frozen","guide:emergency-transfers-from-japan","guide:large-transfers-from-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/kaigaisoukin/","official":true},{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/shikin_idou.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-08-01","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"新しい受取人と口座情報の変更は、既知の電話番号で必ず独自に確認し、大口の前に少額のテスト送金をし、ワンタイムパスワードや受取番号を決して共有せず、緊急・秘密・他人のためのお金の転送依頼を詐欺の兆候として扱いましょう。\nよくある国際送金詐欺——受取人情報の変更・ロマンス/緊急詐欺・マネーミュール・不動産詐欺——と、身を守る具体的な習慣。\n新しい受取人と口座情報の変更は、既に持っている電話番号で独自に確認する。\n大口の前に少額テスト送金をし、入金額とレファレンスを確認する。\nワンタイムパスワード・カード情報全体・遠隔操作・受取番号を決して共有しない。\n他人のお金を自分の口座経由で送らせない——マネーミュール・税務・刑事のリスクを生む。\n知っておくべき詐欺\n受取人情報詐欺：犯人が請求書やメールを傍受し口座情報を変え、支払が犯人に届く。ロマンス・緊急詐欺：緊急で感情的な話で素早い送金を迫る。マネーミュール：「お願い」や仕事として受け取り転送するよう頼まれる。偽投資・「税務当局」の要求：保証された利回りや脅しで即時送金を迫る。不動産詐欺：エスクローや売主の口座情報のメール変更で手付金をそらす。\n共通点は、圧力＋変更または見知らぬ相手です。送金の控えは送金を始めた証明であり、正しい人に入金された証明ではありません。現金が受け取られ、または口座に入金されると、回収は不可能なことが多いです。\n身を守る習慣\n新しい受取人と口座情報の変更は、既に持っている電話番号で独自に確認しましょう——変更を知らせるメッセージ内の番号は使わないこと。大口の前に少額テスト送金をし（受取人が分割を禁じない限り）、入金額とレファレンスを確認します。ワンタイムパスワード・カード情報全体・遠隔操作・受取番号を決して共有しないこと。固有のパスワード・パスキーや多要素認証・端末ロック・取引通知・受取人ホワイトリストを使いましょう。\n不動産では、エスクロー指示を弁護士・タイトル会社・公証人・司法書士に、独自に入手した連絡先で確認を。緊急・秘密・保証利回り・ロマンス要求・「税務当局」の支払要求・見知らぬ相手へのお金の転送依頼を詐欺の兆候として扱いましょう。そして、クライアントや知人のお金を自分の個人口座経由で送らせないこと——マネーミュール・税務・口座凍結・刑事のリスクを生みえます。","url":"/ja/remittance/transfer-scams-and-fraud","updated":"2026-08-01"},{"id":"guide:opening-a-bank-account-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:opening-a-bank-account-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で銀行口座を開く","plainText":"在留カードと日本の住所があれば多くの銀行で口座を開けます。ネット銀行や英語対応の銀行が一般的な出発点です。\n最初の日本の銀行口座を開くときの書類・選択肢・よくあるつまずき。\n中心の条件は在留カード。マイナンバー・電話番号・一定期間の在留を求める銀行もあります。\n手数料とアプリはネット銀行が有利。店舗や公的手続きにはメガバンク。\n名義はカタカナで登録。どこでも表記を統一しましょう。\n住所・在留資格を更新し、口座制限を避けましょう。\n必要なもの\n中心となる書類は在留カードです。多くの銀行は日本の住所と電話番号も求め、マイナンバーを求める例も増えています。新規来日者は一定期間（多くは在留6か月）を待つ銀行もあれば、すぐ開ける銀行もあります。ゆうちょ銀行や一部のネット銀行は早期に開設しやすいです。\n印鑑を用意するか署名の準備をし、名義はカタカナで登録される前提で考えましょう。そのカタカナ表記を勤務先・公共料金・カードで統一しておくと、後の振込や本人確認の問題を防げます。\n銀行の選び方\n手数料の安さと良いアプリを求めるなら、楽天銀行やソニー銀行などのネット銀行から。英語対応が必須なら、まず調べたいのはSMBC信託銀行プレスティアとソニー銀行です。店舗網が必要、または公的・法人取引を見込むなら、メガバンクやゆうちょ銀行が実務の軸になります。用途別に2口座を持つ人も多いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banking/opening-a-bank-account-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"faqs":["faq:bank-documents","faq:bank-english","faq:bank-no-job"],"products":["product:sony-bank","product:smbc-prestia","product:rakuten-bank","product:japan-post-bank"],"guides":["guide:best-banks-for-foreigners-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"出入国在留管理庁","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true},{"publisher":"一般社団法人 全国銀行協会","url":"https://www.zenginkyo.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"日本銀行","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"banking","text":"在留カードと日本の住所があれば多くの銀行で口座を開けます。ネット銀行や英語対応の銀行が一般的な出発点です。\n最初の日本の銀行口座を開くときの書類・選択肢・よくあるつまずき。\n中心の条件は在留カード。マイナンバー・電話番号・一定期間の在留を求める銀行もあります。\n手数料とアプリはネット銀行が有利。店舗や公的手続きにはメガバンク。\n名義はカタカナで登録。どこでも表記を統一しましょう。\n住所・在留資格を更新し、口座制限を避けましょう。\n必要なもの\n中心となる書類は在留カードです。多くの銀行は日本の住所と電話番号も求め、マイナンバーを求める例も増えています。新規来日者は一定期間（多くは在留6か月）を待つ銀行もあれば、すぐ開ける銀行もあります。ゆうちょ銀行や一部のネット銀行は早期に開設しやすいです。\n印鑑を用意するか署名の準備をし、名義はカタカナで登録される前提で考えましょう。そのカタカナ表記を勤務先・公共料金・カードで統一しておくと、後の振込や本人確認の問題を防げます。\n銀行の選び方\n手数料の安さと良いアプリを求めるなら、楽天銀行やソニー銀行などのネット銀行から。英語対応が必須なら、まず調べたいのはSMBC信託銀行プレスティアとソニー銀行です。店舗網が必要、または公的・法人取引を見込むなら、メガバンクやゆうちょ銀行が実務の軸になります。用途別に2口座を持つ人も多いです。","url":"/ja/banking/opening-a-bank-account-in-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:best-banks-for-foreigners-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:best-banks-for-foreigners-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者に向いた日本の銀行","plainText":"英語対応・外貨ならSMBC信託銀行プレスティアとソニー銀行、低手数料・日常使いなら楽天銀行などのネット銀行が有力です。\n英語対応・手数料・アプリ・外貨のニーズで銀行を比較する方法。\n優先順位を決める：英語対応・手数料・アプリ・外貨機能。\n英語の一貫性はプレスティア、外貨とアプリはソニー銀行が強い。\nネット銀行は手数料を抑え、メガバンクは店舗と知名度。\n決める前に最新の手数料と英語対応を確認。\n自分に合う軸で比較する\n唯一の「最良」の銀行はなく、優先順位に対する最適があるだけです。すべて英語で行いたいならプレスティアが最も安全で、外貨にも強いソニー銀行が有力な次点です。低手数料と良いアプリ重視なら楽天銀行やソニー銀行。店舗や公的・法人が中心ならメガバンクやゆうちょ銀行が合います。\n手数料や英語対応は変わるため、どの一覧も出発点として扱い、申込前に各行の公式ページで最新情報を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banking/best-banks-for-foreigners-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"faqs":["faq:bank-english","faq:bank-online-vs-mega"],"products":["product:smbc-prestia","product:sony-bank","product:rakuten-bank","product:shinsei-bank"],"guides":["guide:opening-a-bank-account-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社SMBC信託銀行","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"ソニー銀行株式会社","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天銀行株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"banking","text":"英語対応・外貨ならSMBC信託銀行プレスティアとソニー銀行、低手数料・日常使いなら楽天銀行などのネット銀行が有力です。\n英語対応・手数料・アプリ・外貨のニーズで銀行を比較する方法。\n優先順位を決める：英語対応・手数料・アプリ・外貨機能。\n英語の一貫性はプレスティア、外貨とアプリはソニー銀行が強い。\nネット銀行は手数料を抑え、メガバンクは店舗と知名度。\n決める前に最新の手数料と英語対応を確認。\n自分に合う軸で比較する\n唯一の「最良」の銀行はなく、優先順位に対する最適があるだけです。すべて英語で行いたいならプレスティアが最も安全で、外貨にも強いソニー銀行が有力な次点です。低手数料と良いアプリ重視なら楽天銀行やソニー銀行。店舗や公的・法人が中心ならメガバンクやゆうちょ銀行が合います。\n手数料や英語対応は変わるため、どの一覧も出発点として扱い、申込前に各行の公式ページで最新情報を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/banking/best-banks-for-foreigners-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:getting-a-credit-card-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:getting-a-credit-card-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で最初のクレジットカードを作る","plainText":"審査基準は各社が決定し非公開です。最初の1枚は、通りやすさではなく申込条件・固定費・ポイント・支払設定で比較します。\n発行会社が示す申込条件、最初の1枚の機能比較、落ちたときの対処。\n海外のスコアは引き継がれず、日本でゼロから履歴を作ります。\n経済圏カード（楽天・エポス）が定番の最初の1枚。\n発行会社は通常、個別の否決理由を開示しないため、理由を断定せず連続申込を避ける。\n支出に合う1つのポイント経済圏を選ぶ。\n審査の仕組み\n発行会社は申込条件を公開していますが、審査モデルの全体は公開していません。申込内容を正確に記入し、必要書類を公式案内で確認してください。CIC・JICCでは自分の登録情報を開示請求できますが、当サイトは審査結果を推測したり、特定の状況が有利だと保証したりしません。\n最初の1枚の選び方\n「最強のカード」一覧からではなく、自分の実際の支出から選び始めましょう。日本で人気の最初の1枚はほぼ年会費無料で基本還元も0.5〜1%程度なので、本当の違いは「どのポイント経済圏が生活に合うか」です。楽天で買い物するなら楽天カード、ドコモ・PayPay・auを使うなら対応カードにすると、ポイントが分散せず1か所に貯まります。\n次に国際ブランドと使い勝手で絞り込みます。広く使えるブランド（VisaかMastercardが無難、JCB・Amexは海外の対応がやや狭い）を選び、自分が使う追加機能（家族カード、高速道路のETCカード、Apple Pay・Google Pay・QUICPay・iDなどのウォレット対応）があるか確認します。最後に、手元の書類と引落用の日本の銀行口座で申込を完了できるかを確認しましょう。\n日本では信用履歴をゼロから作るため、複数を一度に申し込むより、1枚を選んで継続利用し毎月一括で支払う方が有利なことが多いです。年会費無料の1枚で延滞のない履歴を積むことが、後のアップグレードや2枚目の最もシンプルな土台になります。\nカード比較で見るべき点\n固定費：本カードが本当に無料か、免除条件が付いていないか。ポイント：常に適用される基本還元率を、派手なキャンペーン率と分けて見る。ポイント条件：どこで使えて、いつ失効するか（使う前に失効する高還元は価値が薄い）。国際ブランドと、自分が使う場所での通用性。追加カード（家族・ETC）とウォレット対応。支払い設定、特に自動リボがオフか。そして現実的な申込条件：今そろえられる書類・年齢・銀行口座の要件。\n下の比較表は、最初の1枚で重要な項目に沿って主要な年会費無料カードを並べたものです。まず2枚に絞り、最後は直接比較ページで決めましょう。\n落ちたときは\n発行会社は通常、否決の個別理由を伝えないため、収入・勤続・在留状況・国籍などを理由と断定しないでください。まず申込内容が正確で完全だったか確認し、反応的な複数申込は避けます。再申込を判断する前に、CICやJICCで自分について登録された情報を開示請求する方法もあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/credit-cards/getting-a-credit-card-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"faqs":["faq:card-foreigner-approval","faq:card-rejected","faq:card-first-card"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card","product:amex-jp"],"guides":["guide:avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社日本信用情報機構","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"審査基準は各社が決定し非公開です。最初の1枚は、通りやすさではなく申込条件・固定費・ポイント・支払設定で比較します。\n発行会社が示す申込条件、最初の1枚の機能比較、落ちたときの対処。\n海外のスコアは引き継がれず、日本でゼロから履歴を作ります。\n経済圏カード（楽天・エポス）が定番の最初の1枚。\n発行会社は通常、個別の否決理由を開示しないため、理由を断定せず連続申込を避ける。\n支出に合う1つのポイント経済圏を選ぶ。\n審査の仕組み\n発行会社は申込条件を公開していますが、審査モデルの全体は公開していません。申込内容を正確に記入し、必要書類を公式案内で確認してください。CIC・JICCでは自分の登録情報を開示請求できますが、当サイトは審査結果を推測したり、特定の状況が有利だと保証したりしません。\n最初の1枚の選び方\n「最強のカード」一覧からではなく、自分の実際の支出から選び始めましょう。日本で人気の最初の1枚はほぼ年会費無料で基本還元も0.5〜1%程度なので、本当の違いは「どのポイント経済圏が生活に合うか」です。楽天で買い物するなら楽天カード、ドコモ・PayPay・auを使うなら対応カードにすると、ポイントが分散せず1か所に貯まります。\n次に国際ブランドと使い勝手で絞り込みます。広く使えるブランド（VisaかMastercardが無難、JCB・Amexは海外の対応がやや狭い）を選び、自分が使う追加機能（家族カード、高速道路のETCカード、Apple Pay・Google Pay・QUICPay・iDなどのウォレット対応）があるか確認します。最後に、手元の書類と引落用の日本の銀行口座で申込を完了できるかを確認しましょう。\n日本では信用履歴をゼロから作るため、複数を一度に申し込むより、1枚を選んで継続利用し毎月一括で支払う方が有利なことが多いです。年会費無料の1枚で延滞のない履歴を積むことが、後のアップグレードや2枚目の最もシンプルな土台になります。\nカード比較で見るべき点\n固定費：本カードが本当に無料か、免除条件が付いていないか。ポイント：常に適用される基本還元率を、派手なキャンペーン率と分けて見る。ポイント条件：どこで使えて、いつ失効するか（使う前に失効する高還元は価値が薄い）。国際ブランドと、自分が使う場所での通用性。追加カード（家族・ETC）とウォレット対応。支払い設定、特に自動リボがオフか。そして現実的な申込条件：今そろえられる書類・年齢・銀行口座の要件。\n下の比較表は、最初の1枚で重要な項目に沿って主要な年会費無料カードを並べたものです。まず2枚に絞り、最後は直接比較ページで決めましょう。\n落ちたときは\n発行会社は通常、否決の個別理由を伝えないため、収入・勤続・在留状況・国籍などを理由と断定しないでください。まず申込内容が正確で完全だったか確認し、反応的な複数申込は避けます。再申込を判断する前に、CICやJICCで自分について登録された情報を開示請求する方法もあります。","url":"/ja/credit-cards/getting-a-credit-card-in-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai:ja","entityId":"guide:avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"リボ払いの罠を避ける","plainText":"リボ払いは未払い残高に発行会社所定の手数料がかかり、返済が長期化し得ます。適切なら「一括払い」を選び、明細と自動リボ設定を毎回確認します。\nリボ払いとは何か、なぜ高くつくのか、どうオフにするか。\nリボ払いには所定の手数料がかかり、自動リボ設定で有効になる場合がある。\n毎月の一括払いなら利息ゼロ。\nポイント特典でリボに誘導されることがある。\nアプリで支払い設定を確認・変更する。\nなぜ高くつくのか\nリボ払いは毎月の支払いを小さく一定に保ちますが、未払い残高に利息（多くは年15%前後）がかかります。残高の減りが遅いため利息が積み上がり、小さな買い物でも長期では大きな負担になります。初期設定でオンだったり、追加ポイントで勧められるカードもあり、気づかず利用してしまう人がいます。\n避け方\n支払い時に「一括払い」を選び、アプリや会員サイトで既定の支払い方法を一括に設定しましょう。明細で「リボ」「自動リボ」設定がないか確認し、あればオフに。すでにリボ残高がある場合は、最低額より多く返済すると支払う利息を減らせます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/credit-cards/avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"faqs":["faq:card-riborai","faq:card-annual-fee"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":["guide:getting-a-credit-card-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人日本クレジット協会","url":"https://www.j-credit.or.jp/customer/basis/revolving.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"リボ払いは未払い残高に発行会社所定の手数料がかかり、返済が長期化し得ます。適切なら「一括払い」を選び、明細と自動リボ設定を毎回確認します。\nリボ払いとは何か、なぜ高くつくのか、どうオフにするか。\nリボ払いには所定の手数料がかかり、自動リボ設定で有効になる場合がある。\n毎月の一括払いなら利息ゼロ。\nポイント特典でリボに誘導されることがある。\nアプリで支払い設定を確認・変更する。\nなぜ高くつくのか\nリボ払いは毎月の支払いを小さく一定に保ちますが、未払い残高に利息（多くは年15%前後）がかかります。残高の減りが遅いため利息が積み上がり、小さな買い物でも長期では大きな負担になります。初期設定でオンだったり、追加ポイントで勧められるカードもあり、気づかず利用してしまう人がいます。\n避け方\n支払い時に「一括払い」を選び、アプリや会員サイトで既定の支払い方法を一括に設定しましょう。明細で「リボ」「自動リボ」設定がないか確認し、あればオフに。すでにリボ残高がある場合は、最低額より多く返済すると支払う利息を減らせます。","url":"/ja/credit-cards/avoiding-revolving-payment-riborai","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:what-is-nisa:ja","entityId":"guide:what-is-nisa","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAとは？初心者向けガイド","plainText":"NISAは非課税の投資口座で、2024年から年360万円（生涯1,800万円）まで投資でき、その利益は非課税です。\n非課税の投資口座、2024年の制度、考え方。\n新NISA（2024）：年つみたて120万＋成長240万、生涯1,800万円。\nNISA内の利益・配当は非課税で期限なし。\n証券会社で開設。初心者は低コストのインデックス投信が多い。\n米国関係者・出国予定者は特に注意。\n新NISAの仕組み\n2024年の刷新以降、NISAは一本化された恒久制度で、併用できる2つの枠があります。規制当局が選定した投信向けの「つみたて投資枠」（年120万円まで）と、より広い対象の「成長投資枠」（年240万円まで）で、合計年360万円、生涯1,800万円が上限です。利益・配当は非課税で、非課税期間に期限はありません。売却すると、使った生涯枠は翌年に復活します。\n注意点\nNISAは「入れ物」であって投資そのものではありません。中に入れるものでリスクが決まります。初心者の多くは個別株より、幅広く低コストなインデックス投信を調べます。クロスボーダーの注意が2つ。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は日本の投信で重い米国課税（PFIC）を受け、NISAは出国後は原則継続できません。大きな額を投じる前に両方を計画しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/what-is-nisa","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-eligibility","faq:nisa-leaving-japan","faq:nisa-us-citizen","faq:invest-beginner-fund"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:nisa-vs-ideco","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"NISAは非課税の投資口座で、2024年から年360万円（生涯1,800万円）まで投資でき、その利益は非課税です。\n非課税の投資口座、2024年の制度、考え方。\n新NISA（2024）：年つみたて120万＋成長240万、生涯1,800万円。\nNISA内の利益・配当は非課税で期限なし。\n証券会社で開設。初心者は低コストのインデックス投信が多い。\n米国関係者・出国予定者は特に注意。\n新NISAの仕組み\n2024年の刷新以降、NISAは一本化された恒久制度で、併用できる2つの枠があります。規制当局が選定した投信向けの「つみたて投資枠」（年120万円まで）と、より広い対象の「成長投資枠」（年240万円まで）で、合計年360万円、生涯1,800万円が上限です。利益・配当は非課税で、非課税期間に期限はありません。売却すると、使った生涯枠は翌年に復活します。\n注意点\nNISAは「入れ物」であって投資そのものではありません。中に入れるものでリスクが決まります。初心者の多くは個別株より、幅広く低コストなインデックス投信を調べます。クロスボーダーの注意が2つ。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は日本の投信で重い米国課税（PFIC）を受け、NISAは出国後は原則継続できません。大きな額を投じる前に両方を計画しましょう。","url":"/ja/investing/what-is-nisa","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:nisa-vs-ideco:ja","entityId":"guide:nisa-vs-ideco","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAとiDeCo：どちらを先に？","plainText":"NISAは柔軟（いつでも引き出せ運用益非課税）、iDeCoは今の控除が大きい代わりに60歳まで拘束。まずNISAが多いです。\n2つの税制優遇口座の違いと使う順番。\nNISA：柔軟・運用益非課税・いつでも引き出せる。\niDeCo：掛金が今の課税所得を減らすが60歳まで拘束。\niDeCoの上限は年金区分による。\n出国予定ならiDeCoの拘束は大きな難点。\n中心的な違い\nどちらも運用益を非課税にしますが、柔軟性と今の恩恵をトレードオフします。NISAは所得控除はない代わりにいつでも引き出せ、利益は非課税。iDeCoは掛金を今の課税所得から控除でき（即時の実利）、その分お金は原則60歳まで拘束され、受取時は別の（多くは有利な）ルールで課税されます。iDeCoの掛金上限は、自営か、企業年金の有無がある会社員か、などで変わります。\n使う順番\nよくあるのは、まず柔軟なNISAを使い、60歳前に使わない自信があり日本に留まる見込みなら、控除目当てにiDeCoを足す方法です。出国の可能性があるなら、iDeCoの拘束とクロスボーダーの複雑さが不利に働きます。万能の正解はなく、投資期間と在留計画に合わせて選びましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/nisa-vs-ideco","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities"],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"NISAは柔軟（いつでも引き出せ運用益非課税）、iDeCoは今の控除が大きい代わりに60歳まで拘束。まずNISAが多いです。\n2つの税制優遇口座の違いと使う順番。\nNISA：柔軟・運用益非課税・いつでも引き出せる。\niDeCo：掛金が今の課税所得を減らすが60歳まで拘束。\niDeCoの上限は年金区分による。\n出国予定ならiDeCoの拘束は大きな難点。\n中心的な違い\nどちらも運用益を非課税にしますが、柔軟性と今の恩恵をトレードオフします。NISAは所得控除はない代わりにいつでも引き出せ、利益は非課税。iDeCoは掛金を今の課税所得から控除でき（即時の実利）、その分お金は原則60歳まで拘束され、受取時は別の（多くは有利な）ルールで課税されます。iDeCoの掛金上限は、自営か、企業年金の有無がある会社員か、などで変わります。\n使う順番\nよくあるのは、まず柔軟なNISAを使い、60歳前に使わない自信があり日本に留まる見込みなら、控除目当てにiDeCoを足す方法です。出国の可能性があるなら、iDeCoの拘束とクロスボーダーの複雑さが不利に働きます。万能の正解はなく、投資期間と在留計画に合わせて選びましょう。","url":"/ja/investing/nisa-vs-ideco","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:choosing-a-brokerage-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で証券会社を選ぶ","plainText":"NISAやインデックス投資の定番は楽天証券とSBI証券。マネックス証券は特に米国株で有力な選択肢です。\n楽天証券・SBI証券・マネックス証券を比較する観点。\n投信の手数料・NISA/iDeCo対応・ポイント連携を比較。\n低コスト投信は楽天とSBIが主流、米国株はマネックスが強い。\n経済圏（銀行・ポイント）の相性で上位2社を選び分けがち。\n画面は日本語中心。最新手数料を確認。\n比較する観点\n多くの初心者にとって、判断は少数の要素に絞られます。投信のラインナップと手数料（3社とも主要な低コスト投信を扱う）、NISA・iDeCo対応（3社ともあり）、ポイント連携、そして既に使う銀行との連携のしやすさです。楽天証券は楽天銀行・ポイントと自然に組み合わさり、SBI証券は最も広いラインナップと複数のポイント選択肢、マネックス証券は米国株のアクセスと分析ツールで選ばれがちです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/investing/choosing-a-brokerage-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"faqs":["faq:invest-beginner-fund","faq:nisa-eligibility"],"products":["product:rakuten-securities","product:sbi-securities","product:monex"],"guides":["guide:what-is-nisa","guide:nisa-vs-ideco"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天証券株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社SBI証券","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"investing","text":"NISAやインデックス投資の定番は楽天証券とSBI証券。マネックス証券は特に米国株で有力な選択肢です。\n楽天証券・SBI証券・マネックス証券を比較する観点。\n投信の手数料・NISA/iDeCo対応・ポイント連携を比較。\n低コスト投信は楽天とSBIが主流、米国株はマネックスが強い。\n経済圏（銀行・ポイント）の相性で上位2社を選び分けがち。\n画面は日本語中心。最新手数料を確認。\n比較する観点\n多くの初心者にとって、判断は少数の要素に絞られます。投信のラインナップと手数料（3社とも主要な低コスト投信を扱う）、NISA・iDeCo対応（3社ともあり）、ポイント連携、そして既に使う銀行との連携のしやすさです。楽天証券は楽天銀行・ポイントと自然に組み合わさり、SBI証券は最も広いラインナップと複数のポイント選択肢、マネックス証券は米国株のアクセスと分析ツールで選ばれがちです。","url":"/ja/investing/choosing-a-brokerage-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:japan-tax-residency-explained:ja","entityId":"guide:japan-tax-residency-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の税務上の居住者区分","plainText":"日本は在留資格とは別の税務上の区分で課税します。非居住者は日本源泉、非永住者は送金分の国外所得も、永住者は全世界所得に課税されます。\n非居住者・非永住者・永住者と、それぞれの課税範囲。\n税務上の居住者区分は在留資格と別。\n非永住者：過去10年で在住5年以下・永住意思なし。\n非永住者は国外所得の送金分が課税対象になり得る。\n税務上の永住者は全世界所得に課税。\n3つの区分\n所得税では、日本は個人を非居住者・非永住者・永住者に区分します。これは在留資格の「永住」とは別の税務概念です。非居住者は日本源泉所得のみ課税。非永住者（過去10年で日本に住所を有した期間が5年以下で永住意思がない人）は、日本源泉所得に加え、日本で支払われた・送金された国外源泉所得が課税対象です。税務上の永住者は全世界所得に課税されます。\nなぜ重要か\n区分によって、海外の給与・海外の投資所得・日本に持ち込むお金が日本で課税されるかが決まります。クロスボーダーの誤りが起きやすい所で、たとえば非永住者が国外所得を日本の口座に送金すると課税が生じ得ます。国外所得や資産が絡む場合は、区分と義務を国税庁や税理士で確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/japan-tax-residency-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-resident-status","faq:remit-overseas-income"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","guide:furusato-nozei-explained"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"日本は在留資格とは別の税務上の区分で課税します。非居住者は日本源泉、非永住者は送金分の国外所得も、永住者は全世界所得に課税されます。\n非居住者・非永住者・永住者と、それぞれの課税範囲。\n税務上の居住者区分は在留資格と別。\n非永住者：過去10年で在住5年以下・永住意思なし。\n非永住者は国外所得の送金分が課税対象になり得る。\n税務上の永住者は全世界所得に課税。\n3つの区分\n所得税では、日本は個人を非居住者・非永住者・永住者に区分します。これは在留資格の「永住」とは別の税務概念です。非居住者は日本源泉所得のみ課税。非永住者（過去10年で日本に住所を有した期間が5年以下で永住意思がない人）は、日本源泉所得に加え、日本で支払われた・送金された国外源泉所得が課税対象です。税務上の永住者は全世界所得に課税されます。\nなぜ重要か\n区分によって、海外の給与・海外の投資所得・日本に持ち込むお金が日本で課税されるかが決まります。クロスボーダーの誤りが起きやすい所で、たとえば非永住者が国外所得を日本の口座に送金すると課税が生じ得ます。国外所得や資産が絡む場合は、区分と義務を国税庁や税理士で確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/tax/japan-tax-residency-explained","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:furusato-nozei-explained:ja","entityId":"guide:furusato-nozei-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ふるさと納税の仕組み","plainText":"ふるさと納税は、自治体に寄付して返礼品を受け取りつつ、ほぼ全額を税から控除できます。実質2,000円で返礼品を得られます。\n住民税を返礼品に変える、ふるさと納税の仕組み。\n寄付は住民税・所得税から控除（自己負担2,000円）。\n返礼品（食品・物品）を受け取れる。\n控除の上限は所得・家族構成による。\nワンストップ特例か確定申告で申請。\n仕組み\nふるさと納税のポータルから任意の自治体に寄付し、多くの場合「返礼品」を受け取ります。寄付のほぼ全額が住民税・所得税から控除されるため、一律2,000円を除けば、どのみち払う税を振り向けて返礼品を得ることになります。有利に寄付できる額には、所得や世帯状況に応じた上限があるため、寄付前に公式の上限シミュレーターを使いましょう。\n控除の申請\n控除を受けるには申請が必要です。寄付先が5自治体以下の給与所得者は、各自治体に書類を出すワンストップ特例を使えます。それ以外、または既に確定申告する人は、受領書とともに申告で寄付を報告します。手続きを忘れると控除を失い、単なる（割高な）買い物になってしまいます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/furusato-nozei-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-furusato","faq:tax-need-to-file"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1155.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"ふるさと納税は、自治体に寄付して返礼品を受け取りつつ、ほぼ全額を税から控除できます。実質2,000円で返礼品を得られます。\n住民税を返礼品に変える、ふるさと納税の仕組み。\n寄付は住民税・所得税から控除（自己負担2,000円）。\n返礼品（食品・物品）を受け取れる。\n控除の上限は所得・家族構成による。\nワンストップ特例か確定申告で申請。\n仕組み\nふるさと納税のポータルから任意の自治体に寄付し、多くの場合「返礼品」を受け取ります。寄付のほぼ全額が住民税・所得税から控除されるため、一律2,000円を除けば、どのみち払う税を振り向けて返礼品を得ることになります。有利に寄付できる額には、所得や世帯状況に応じた上限があるため、寄付前に公式の上限シミュレーターを使いましょう。\n控除の申請\n控除を受けるには申請が必要です。寄付先が5自治体以下の給与所得者は、各自治体に書類を出すワンストップ特例を使えます。それ以外、または既に確定申告する人は、受領書とともに申告で寄付を報告します。手続きを忘れると控除を失い、単なる（割高な）買い物になってしまいます。","url":"/ja/tax/furusato-nozei-explained","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return:ja","entityId":"guide:do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で確定申告は必要？","plainText":"多くの会社員は年末調整で完結します。副収入20万円超・2か所給与・自営・特定の控除を受けたい場合は原則、確定申告が必要です。\n年末調整で足りる場合と、確定申告が必要な場合。\n多くの会社員は年末調整で自動的に完結。\n副収入20万円超・2か所給与・自営なら申告。\n医療費・初年度住宅ローン・寄付の控除は申告で。\n2025年分は2026年2月16日〜3月16日、e-Taxで。\n申告が不要なことが多い場合\n給与が1か所で源泉徴収され、勤務先が年末調整を済ませた会社員は、通常すでに所得税が精算されており申告は不要です。年末調整が標準的な控除を処理し、源泉徴収額を調整します。\n申告が必要・した方がよい場合\n副収入が20万円超、給与が2か所以上、自営・事業所得、精算されていない大きな投資・暗号資産の利益がある場合は、原則として確定申告が必要です。必須でなくても、多額の医療費・初年度の住宅ローン控除・寄付（一部のふるさと納税を含む）などの控除を受けるなら申告すべきです。2025年分の期間は2026年2月16日〜3月16日で、e-Taxを利用し各控除の記録を用意します。この日付を再利用せず、対象年の国税庁案内を確認してください。\n書類・e-Tax・専門家に相談する場合\n各勤務先の源泉徴収票、マイナンバー情報、控除証明書、寄付・医療費の記録、還付先口座を保管します。e-Taxは国税庁の申告窓口です。住民税は自治体が扱い、通常は国税の申告所得情報を引き継ぎます。健康保険料と年金保険料は、給与明細で税と並んでいても住民税ではなく、別の社会保険制度です。\n国外所得・国外資産、居住区分、複数国、事業、暗号資産取引、官公署からの通知、源泉徴収の不一致がある場合は申告前に税理士へ相談します。住民税の請求は自治体、社会保険・年金の記録は勤務先・保険者・年金事務所・日本年金機構に確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tax/do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"faqs":["faq:tax-need-to-file","faq:tax-crypto","faq:freelance-blue-return"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:furusato-nozei-explained","guide:japan-tax-residency-explained"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.e-tax.nta.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/shinkoku/tokushu/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"tax","text":"多くの会社員は年末調整で完結します。副収入20万円超・2か所給与・自営・特定の控除を受けたい場合は原則、確定申告が必要です。\n年末調整で足りる場合と、確定申告が必要な場合。\n多くの会社員は年末調整で自動的に完結。\n副収入20万円超・2か所給与・自営なら申告。\n医療費・初年度住宅ローン・寄付の控除は申告で。\n2025年分は2026年2月16日〜3月16日、e-Taxで。\n申告が不要なことが多い場合\n給与が1か所で源泉徴収され、勤務先が年末調整を済ませた会社員は、通常すでに所得税が精算されており申告は不要です。年末調整が標準的な控除を処理し、源泉徴収額を調整します。\n申告が必要・した方がよい場合\n副収入が20万円超、給与が2か所以上、自営・事業所得、精算されていない大きな投資・暗号資産の利益がある場合は、原則として確定申告が必要です。必須でなくても、多額の医療費・初年度の住宅ローン控除・寄付（一部のふるさと納税を含む）などの控除を受けるなら申告すべきです。2025年分の期間は2026年2月16日〜3月16日で、e-Taxを利用し各控除の記録を用意します。この日付を再利用せず、対象年の国税庁案内を確認してください。\n書類・e-Tax・専門家に相談する場合\n各勤務先の源泉徴収票、マイナンバー情報、控除証明書、寄付・医療費の記録、還付先口座を保管します。e-Taxは国税庁の申告窓口です。住民税は自治体が扱い、通常は国税の申告所得情報を引き継ぎます。健康保険料と年金保険料は、給与明細で税と並んでいても住民税ではなく、別の社会保険制度です。\n国外所得・国外資産、居住区分、複数国、事業、暗号資産取引、官公署からの通知、源泉徴収の不一致がある場合は申告前に税理士へ相談します。住民税の請求は自治体、社会保険・年金の記録は勤務先・保険者・年金事務所・日本年金機構に確認してください。","url":"/ja/tax/do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor:ja","entityId":"guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で個人事業主になる","plainText":"税務署に開業届と青色申告承認申請を同時に提出し、クラウド会計を整え、利益の20〜35%を税金用に積み立てましょう。\n開業届・青色申告と、フリーランスが最初に整える仕組み。\n開業届で個人事業主に登録（無料・簡単）。\n同時に青色申告承認申請で控除を確保。\nクラウド会計（freee・マネーフォワード）で帳簿を。\n利益の20〜35%を税・年金・保険用に積立。\n立ち上げの手順\n所轄の税務署に開業届を提出して登録します。開始からおよそ1か月以内が理想です。同時に青色申告承認申請書を出し、最大65万円の控除と損失の繰越を確保します。記録を整えるため事業用の銀行口座・カードを検討し、在留資格が自営を認めるか確認しましょう。\n整えるお金の仕組み\n継続的な作業は記帳で、freeeやマネーフォワード クラウドが銀行・カードの取引取込と青色申告書類・e-Taxデータ作成の大半を自動化します。所得税・住民税・国民年金・国民健康保険を自分で払うため、多くの人は入金ごとに20〜35%を別の税金用口座へ移し、申告時に驚かないようにしています。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/becoming-a-sole-proprietor","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-open","faq:freelance-blue-return","faq:freelance-reserve","faq:freelance-health-insurance"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi"],"guides":["guide:invoice-system-explained"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"出入国在留管理庁","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"税務署に開業届と青色申告承認申請を同時に提出し、クラウド会計を整え、利益の20〜35%を税金用に積み立てましょう。\n開業届・青色申告と、フリーランスが最初に整える仕組み。\n開業届で個人事業主に登録（無料・簡単）。\n同時に青色申告承認申請で控除を確保。\nクラウド会計（freee・マネーフォワード）で帳簿を。\n利益の20〜35%を税・年金・保険用に積立。\n立ち上げの手順\n所轄の税務署に開業届を提出して登録します。開始からおよそ1か月以内が理想です。同時に青色申告承認申請書を出し、最大65万円の控除と損失の繰越を確保します。記録を整えるため事業用の銀行口座・カードを検討し、在留資格が自営を認めるか確認しましょう。\n整えるお金の仕組み\n継続的な作業は記帳で、freeeやマネーフォワード クラウドが銀行・カードの取引取込と青色申告書類・e-Taxデータ作成の大半を自動化します。所得税・住民税・国民年金・国民健康保険を自分で払うため、多くの人は入金ごとに20〜35%を別の税金用口座へ移し、申告時に驚かないようにしています。","url":"/ja/freelancers/becoming-a-sole-proprietor","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:invoice-system-explained:ja","entityId":"guide:invoice-system-explained","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"インボイス制度の解説","plainText":"2023年10月以降、取引先は仕入税額控除に登録番号（T番号）が必要です。登録すると課税事業者になるため、取引先構成と照らして判断を。\n適格請求書等保存方式が小規模事業者に意味すること、登録すべきか。\n制度は2023年10月1日に開始。\n登録事業者はT番号つきの請求書を発行。\n登録すると消費税の課税事業者になる。\n登録の要否は取引先次第。\n何が変わったか\n適格請求書等保存方式では、事業者である買い手は、登録事業者のT番号がある請求書でなければ仕入税額控除を受けられません。以前は免税点以下の小規模事業者からでも買い手は控除できましたが、現在は未登録事業者からの仕入れに対する経過措置の控除が数年かけて段階的に縮小します。そのため一部の取引先はフリーランスに登録を求めるようになりました。\n登録すべきか\nこれは本当のトレードオフです。取引先が適格請求書を必要とする事業者なら、未登録は失注や税の自己負担につながり得ます。取引先が消費者や免税の小規模事業者なら、登録は利点なく消費税コストと事務だけを増やすことも。取引先構成を整理し、登録による消費税コストを見積もり、判断が微妙なら税理士に相談してから決めましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/invoice-system-explained","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-invoice"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"2023年10月以降、取引先は仕入税額控除に登録番号（T番号）が必要です。登録すると課税事業者になるため、取引先構成と照らして判断を。\n適格請求書等保存方式が小規模事業者に意味すること、登録すべきか。\n制度は2023年10月1日に開始。\n登録事業者はT番号つきの請求書を発行。\n登録すると消費税の課税事業者になる。\n登録の要否は取引先次第。\n何が変わったか\n適格請求書等保存方式では、事業者である買い手は、登録事業者のT番号がある請求書でなければ仕入税額控除を受けられません。以前は免税点以下の小規模事業者からでも買い手は控除できましたが、現在は未登録事業者からの仕入れに対する経過措置の控除が数年かけて段階的に縮小します。そのため一部の取引先はフリーランスに登録を求めるようになりました。\n登録すべきか\nこれは本当のトレードオフです。取引先が適格請求書を必要とする事業者なら、未登録は失注や税の自己負担につながり得ます。取引先が消費者や免税の小規模事業者なら、登録は利点なく消費税コストと事務だけを増やすことも。取引先構成を整理し、登録による消費税コストを見積もり、判断が微妙なら税理士に相談してから決めましょう。","url":"/ja/freelancers/invoice-system-explained","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスにかかる税金の全体像","plainText":"個人事業主は、所得税（累進・国税）、住民税（約10%・翌年請求）に加え、国民年金と国民健康保険を払います。いずれも経費と控除を引いた所得が基準です。\n個人事業主が払う所得税・住民税・年金・健康保険の4つと、そのつながり。\n課税されるのは売上ではなく利益（売上−経費−控除）です。\n所得税は累進の国税、住民税は約10%で1年遅れて請求されます。\n国民年金は定額、国民健康保険は所得連動です。\n青色申告や年金系の所得控除が、課税ベースを下げる主な手段です。\n4つの支払いと、共通の課税ベース\n支払いのほとんどは一つの数字、つまり売上から必要経費を引いた「事業所得（利益）」から計算されます。そこから基礎控除・青色申告特別控除・社会保険料控除・小規模企業共済・iDeCoなどの所得控除を差し引いて課税所得を求めます。国の所得税はこれに累進課税され、住民税は同様のベースに約10%が加わります。\n社会保険の2つは税金と並びます。国民年金は毎年決まる定額の保険料、国民健康保険は前年所得をもとに自治体が計算します。住民税も健康保険も前年基準のため、支払いは所得に遅れて来ます。稼いだ翌年に請求が重くなるため、多くの人が1年目に驚きます。\n実際に負担を下げるもの\n効くのは主に3つです。第一に、正当な経費を証憑つきで漏れなく計上すること。第二に、青色申告で特別控除（複式簿記＋電子申告で最大65万円）と損失の繰越を使うこと。第三に、自営向けの控除できる退職・年金制度、すなわち小規模企業共済・iDeCo・国民年金基金を使い、課税所得を下げつつ自分の備えを作ることです。\n申告時にまとめて向き合うのではなく、入金ごとに税金を取り分けましょう。目安は4つ合計で利益の20〜35%、所得税は累進のため所得が上がるほど比率も上げます。基礎控除や所得の壁は近年の改正で動いているため、その年の税率・区分・控除額を申告前に必ず確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/freelancer-income-tax-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-what-taxes","faq:freelance-reserve","faq:freelance-health-insurance"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"個人事業主は、所得税（累進・国税）、住民税（約10%・翌年請求）に加え、国民年金と国民健康保険を払います。いずれも経費と控除を引いた所得が基準です。\n個人事業主が払う所得税・住民税・年金・健康保険の4つと、そのつながり。\n課税されるのは売上ではなく利益（売上−経費−控除）です。\n所得税は累進の国税、住民税は約10%で1年遅れて請求されます。\n国民年金は定額、国民健康保険は所得連動です。\n青色申告や年金系の所得控除が、課税ベースを下げる主な手段です。\n4つの支払いと、共通の課税ベース\n支払いのほとんどは一つの数字、つまり売上から必要経費を引いた「事業所得（利益）」から計算されます。そこから基礎控除・青色申告特別控除・社会保険料控除・小規模企業共済・iDeCoなどの所得控除を差し引いて課税所得を求めます。国の所得税はこれに累進課税され、住民税は同様のベースに約10%が加わります。\n社会保険の2つは税金と並びます。国民年金は毎年決まる定額の保険料、国民健康保険は前年所得をもとに自治体が計算します。住民税も健康保険も前年基準のため、支払いは所得に遅れて来ます。稼いだ翌年に請求が重くなるため、多くの人が1年目に驚きます。\n実際に負担を下げるもの\n効くのは主に3つです。第一に、正当な経費を証憑つきで漏れなく計上すること。第二に、青色申告で特別控除（複式簿記＋電子申告で最大65万円）と損失の繰越を使うこと。第三に、自営向けの控除できる退職・年金制度、すなわち小規模企業共済・iDeCo・国民年金基金を使い、課税所得を下げつつ自分の備えを作ることです。\n申告時にまとめて向き合うのではなく、入金ごとに税金を取り分けましょう。目安は4つ合計で利益の20〜35%、所得税は累進のため所得が上がるほど比率も上げます。基礎控除や所得の壁は近年の改正で動いているため、その年の税率・区分・控除額を申告前に必ず確認してください。","url":"/ja/freelancers/freelancer-income-tax-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"青色申告と白色申告の違い","plainText":"青色申告は複式簿記に対し最大65万円控除・損失繰越・専従者給与などで報い、白色申告は簡単な代わりにこれらがありません。\n青色申告で得られるもの、その代わりに求められること、白色で十分な場面。\n青色申告は事前承認が必要。青色申告承認申請書を期限内に提出します。\n65万円控除は複式簿記＋電子申告か電子帳簿保存が条件。満たさないと55万円か10万円です。\n青色は損失を3年繰り越せ、家族への給与も経費にできます。\n白色申告は簡易な記帳で済みますが、特別控除はありません。\n青色申告で得られるもの\n目玉は特別控除です。複式簿記で記帳し電子申告する（または要件を満たす電子帳簿を保存する）と、事業所得から最大65万円を控除できます。複式簿記でも紙申告なら55万円、簡易な単式簿記のみだと10万円に下がります。控除に加え、青色申告者は事業の損失を3年間繰り越して将来の利益と相殺でき、事業に従事する家族への給与も経費にできます。\n承認は自動ではありません。青色申告承認申請書を期限内に提出する必要があり、原則は開業から2か月以内、または当年から適用するなら3月15日までです。逃すとその年は白色で申告し、翌年から青色を適用します。\n白色で十分な場面と、ソフトが埋める差\n白色申告でも記帳と証憑保存は必要で、「白色＝帳簿なし」という古い理解は当てはまりません。そのため青色の追加負担は見た目ほど大きくなく、安定収入があれば控除が手間を十分に上回ります。控除が小さくなるごく小規模な事業や、たたむ途中の事業では白色も合理的です。\nクラウド会計が手間の大半を取り除きます。freee・マネーフォワード クラウド・弥生は、取り込んだ銀行・カードのデータから複式簿記を作り、青色申告書類とe-Taxファイルを生成します。多くのフリーランスにとって、青色を選びソフトに記帳を任せるのが素直な正解です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/blue-vs-white-return-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-blue-return","faq:freelance-which-software"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi"],"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2080.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"青色申告は複式簿記に対し最大65万円控除・損失繰越・専従者給与などで報い、白色申告は簡単な代わりにこれらがありません。\n青色申告で得られるもの、その代わりに求められること、白色で十分な場面。\n青色申告は事前承認が必要。青色申告承認申請書を期限内に提出します。\n65万円控除は複式簿記＋電子申告か電子帳簿保存が条件。満たさないと55万円か10万円です。\n青色は損失を3年繰り越せ、家族への給与も経費にできます。\n白色申告は簡易な記帳で済みますが、特別控除はありません。\n青色申告で得られるもの\n目玉は特別控除です。複式簿記で記帳し電子申告する（または要件を満たす電子帳簿を保存する）と、事業所得から最大65万円を控除できます。複式簿記でも紙申告なら55万円、簡易な単式簿記のみだと10万円に下がります。控除に加え、青色申告者は事業の損失を3年間繰り越して将来の利益と相殺でき、事業に従事する家族への給与も経費にできます。\n承認は自動ではありません。青色申告承認申請書を期限内に提出する必要があり、原則は開業から2か月以内、または当年から適用するなら3月15日までです。逃すとその年は白色で申告し、翌年から青色を適用します。\n白色で十分な場面と、ソフトが埋める差\n白色申告でも記帳と証憑保存は必要で、「白色＝帳簿なし」という古い理解は当てはまりません。そのため青色の追加負担は見た目ほど大きくなく、安定収入があれば控除が手間を十分に上回ります。控除が小さくなるごく小規模な事業や、たたむ途中の事業では白色も合理的です。\nクラウド会計が手間の大半を取り除きます。freee・マネーフォワード クラウド・弥生は、取り込んだ銀行・カードのデータから複式簿記を作り、青色申告書類とe-Taxファイルを生成します。多くのフリーランスにとって、青色を選びソフトに記帳を任せるのが素直な正解です。","url":"/ja/freelancers/blue-vs-white-return-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:consumption-tax-freelancers-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:consumption-tax-freelancers-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスの消費税","plainText":"原則、基準期間の課税売上が1,000万円を超えるまで免税ですが、インボイス登録をするとそれに関係なく課税事業者になります。簡易課税や2割特例が負担を和らげます。\n課税事業者になる条件、インボイスが免税を上書きする仕組み、簡易課税と2割特例。\n基準期間（2年前）の課税売上が1,000万円以下なら免税です。\n前年上半期の特定期間の判定で課税事業者になることもあります。\nインボイス登録をすると、1,000万円以下でも課税事業者になります。\n簡易課税や2割特例で、計算・納付額を抑えられることがあります。\n自分は課税事業者？\n基本の判定は2年前を見ます。基準期間（個人なら2年前の年）の課税売上が1,000万円以下なら免税事業者で、消費税を預かることも納めることもありません。さらに「特定期間」の判定があり、前年上半期の売上、または支払った給与が1,000万円を超えると早く課税事業者になります。したがって新規の個人事業主は、選択しない限り最初の数年は原則免税です。\nインボイス制度が前提を変えました。適格請求書発行事業者として登録しT番号を得ると、売上が1,000万円を大きく下回っても課税事業者になります。つまり多くの小規模フリーランスにとって本当の論点は1,000万円の壁ではなく、そもそもインボイス登録をするかどうかです。\n簡易課税と2割特例\n課税事業者でも、必ずしも仕入れごとに税を計算する必要はありません。簡易課税（基準期間の売上5,000万円以下で選択可）では、業種ごとの一定率で控除する仕入税額を見積もるため手間が大きく減ります。別に、時限の「2割特例」により、新たに登録した多くの小規模事業者は売上に対する税の2割だけを納めればよく、負担と事務が大きく軽くなっています。\nこれらは日付に敏感で見直しが進んでいます。2割特例は2026年の切替を含む課税期間まで、未登録事業者からの仕入れに対する買い手側の経過措置の控除は2026年10月から80%→50%に下がります。適用可否・選択・終了日はいずれもあなたの課税年次第のため、頼る前に国税庁または税理士で最新の状況を確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/consumption-tax-freelancers-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-consumption-tax-when","faq:freelance-invoice"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:invoice-system-explained","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6505.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"原則、基準期間の課税売上が1,000万円を超えるまで免税ですが、インボイス登録をするとそれに関係なく課税事業者になります。簡易課税や2割特例が負担を和らげます。\n課税事業者になる条件、インボイスが免税を上書きする仕組み、簡易課税と2割特例。\n基準期間（2年前）の課税売上が1,000万円以下なら免税です。\n前年上半期の特定期間の判定で課税事業者になることもあります。\nインボイス登録をすると、1,000万円以下でも課税事業者になります。\n簡易課税や2割特例で、計算・納付額を抑えられることがあります。\n自分は課税事業者？\n基本の判定は2年前を見ます。基準期間（個人なら2年前の年）の課税売上が1,000万円以下なら免税事業者で、消費税を預かることも納めることもありません。さらに「特定期間」の判定があり、前年上半期の売上、または支払った給与が1,000万円を超えると早く課税事業者になります。したがって新規の個人事業主は、選択しない限り最初の数年は原則免税です。\nインボイス制度が前提を変えました。適格請求書発行事業者として登録しT番号を得ると、売上が1,000万円を大きく下回っても課税事業者になります。つまり多くの小規模フリーランスにとって本当の論点は1,000万円の壁ではなく、そもそもインボイス登録をするかどうかです。\n簡易課税と2割特例\n課税事業者でも、必ずしも仕入れごとに税を計算する必要はありません。簡易課税（基準期間の売上5,000万円以下で選択可）では、業種ごとの一定率で控除する仕入税額を見積もるため手間が大きく減ります。別に、時限の「2割特例」により、新たに登録した多くの小規模事業者は売上に対する税の2割だけを納めればよく、負担と事務が大きく軽くなっています。\nこれらは日付に敏感で見直しが進んでいます。2割特例は2026年の切替を含む課税期間まで、未登録事業者からの仕入れに対する買い手側の経過措置の控除は2026年10月から80%→50%に下がります。適用可否・選択・終了日はいずれもあなたの課税年次第のため、頼る前に国税庁または税理士で最新の状況を確認してください。","url":"/ja/freelancers/consumption-tax-freelancers-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスの経費と控除","plainText":"事業のための費用を、証憑を残して計上します。自宅・電話・車などの家事関連費は合理的な根拠で按分し、高額な機材は減価償却します。\n必要経費の範囲、家事按分の考え方、機材の減価償却。\n控除できるのは事業目的の費用だけ。領収書を残し、目的を記録します。\n家事関連費は合理的で再現できる家事按分が必要です。\n自宅の一室は面積・使用割合による按分で、家賃全額の控除ではありません。\n少額の基準を超える機材は一括経費ではなく減価償却します。\n経費になるものと、その証明\n必要経費とは、事業所得を得るために支出した費用です。消耗品、ソフトのサブスク、専門家報酬、取引先への交通費、通信費などが該当します。判断基準は事業目的で、示す責任は自分にあります。領収書・請求書を残し、保存要件に沿って電子取引データを保管し、分かりにくいものは事業目的を記録しましょう。クラウド会計は取込取引を科目に紐づけて楽にしますが、事業関連かどうかは判定しません。そこは自分の判断です。\n生活と仕事の両方に使う費用（自宅の家賃・光熱費、電話、車など）は、事業分だけを家事按分して計上します。自宅なら面積、電話なら使用時間の割合など、合理的で再現できる基準を用い、方法を書き残し、一貫して適用します。引越しや働き方の変化があれば按分を見直しましょう。\n機材と減価償却\n安価な道具は購入した年の経費になりますが、高額なものは一括ではなく、耐用年数にわたる減価償却で費用化します。少額資産には特例があり、全額経費にできる金額基準や、青色申告者が1件あたり上限まで即時に費用化できる特例（年間の上限あり）があります。これらの基準や耐用年数表は国税庁が定め変わるため、パソコン・カメラ・机の処理を決める前に最新の数値を確認してください。\n実務の習慣はシンプルです。何を、いつ、いくらで買い、事業使用割合はいくつか、を記録します。会計ソフトが償却スケジュールを適用しますが、それは資産を正しく登録し購入証憑を残した場合に限られます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/business-expenses-deductions-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-what-expenses","faq:freelance-blue-return"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi"],"guides":["guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2080.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"事業のための費用を、証憑を残して計上します。自宅・電話・車などの家事関連費は合理的な根拠で按分し、高額な機材は減価償却します。\n必要経費の範囲、家事按分の考え方、機材の減価償却。\n控除できるのは事業目的の費用だけ。領収書を残し、目的を記録します。\n家事関連費は合理的で再現できる家事按分が必要です。\n自宅の一室は面積・使用割合による按分で、家賃全額の控除ではありません。\n少額の基準を超える機材は一括経費ではなく減価償却します。\n経費になるものと、その証明\n必要経費とは、事業所得を得るために支出した費用です。消耗品、ソフトのサブスク、専門家報酬、取引先への交通費、通信費などが該当します。判断基準は事業目的で、示す責任は自分にあります。領収書・請求書を残し、保存要件に沿って電子取引データを保管し、分かりにくいものは事業目的を記録しましょう。クラウド会計は取込取引を科目に紐づけて楽にしますが、事業関連かどうかは判定しません。そこは自分の判断です。\n生活と仕事の両方に使う費用（自宅の家賃・光熱費、電話、車など）は、事業分だけを家事按分して計上します。自宅なら面積、電話なら使用時間の割合など、合理的で再現できる基準を用い、方法を書き残し、一貫して適用します。引越しや働き方の変化があれば按分を見直しましょう。\n機材と減価償却\n安価な道具は購入した年の経費になりますが、高額なものは一括ではなく、耐用年数にわたる減価償却で費用化します。少額資産には特例があり、全額経費にできる金額基準や、青色申告者が1件あたり上限まで即時に費用化できる特例（年間の上限あり）があります。これらの基準や耐用年数表は国税庁が定め変わるため、パソコン・カメラ・机の処理を決める前に最新の数値を確認してください。\n実務の習慣はシンプルです。何を、いつ、いくらで買い、事業使用割合はいくつか、を記録します。会計ソフトが償却スケジュールを適用しますが、それは資産を正しく登録し購入証憑を残した場合に限られます。","url":"/ja/freelancers/business-expenses-deductions-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"自営業の年金と健康保険","plainText":"個人事業主は国民年金（定額）と国民健康保険（所得連動・自治体が請求）に加入し、いずれも全額自己負担で払い、任意の上乗せで将来の給付を増やせます。\n自分で払う国民年金と国民健康保険、そして不足を埋める任意の上乗せ。\n労使折半はなく、両方の保険料を全額自分で払います。\n国民年金は年度ごとに決まる定額です。\n国民健康保険は所得連動で、自治体が金額を決めます。\n任意の上乗せ（付加年金・国民年金基金・iDeCo）で将来の給付を増やせます。\n加入する2つの制度\n会社員から自営になると、多くは厚生年金・健康保険から国民年金・国民健康保険へ切り替わります。国民年金は定額の保険料で、令和8年度（2026年度）は月17,920円。所得に関係なく一律で、前納割引や低所得者向けの免除・猶予の手続きがあります。国民健康保険は異なり、自治体が前年所得から保険料を計算するため、稼いだ翌年に上がり、年間の上限が設けられています。\nどちらの切替も自己責任で、期限があります。退職時は原則、国民健康保険への加入（または元の保険を最長2年継続）に短い期限があり、年金の種別変更は市区町村の窓口で届け出ます。逃すと未加入期間や後日の請求が生じます。\n保障の不足を埋める\n自営は会社の拠出と引き換えに自由を得ますが、現実の不足も残ります。会社員より将来の年金が少なく、多くの人に傷病時の所得補償がありません。付加年金で年金の底上げを安く行い、国民年金基金やiDeCoでより大きな、控除できる上乗せを足せます。病気で失う収入には、就業不能保険や現金のバッファが、会社員の傷病手当金の代わりになります。\n2つのルールが効率を生みます。国民年金・国民健康保険の保険料は社会保険料控除の対象で、上記の退職・年金制度も別枠で所得控除になります。つまり自分の備えに回すお金が今年の税も下げます。だからこそ姉妹ガイドでは、自営の退職準備を一つの計画として扱います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-health-insurance","faq:freelance-retirement-toolkit"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本年金機構","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/kokunen/hokenryo/hokenryo.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本年金機構","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"個人事業主は国民年金（定額）と国民健康保険（所得連動・自治体が請求）に加入し、いずれも全額自己負担で払い、任意の上乗せで将来の給付を増やせます。\n自分で払う国民年金と国民健康保険、そして不足を埋める任意の上乗せ。\n労使折半はなく、両方の保険料を全額自分で払います。\n国民年金は年度ごとに決まる定額です。\n国民健康保険は所得連動で、自治体が金額を決めます。\n任意の上乗せ（付加年金・国民年金基金・iDeCo）で将来の給付を増やせます。\n加入する2つの制度\n会社員から自営になると、多くは厚生年金・健康保険から国民年金・国民健康保険へ切り替わります。国民年金は定額の保険料で、令和8年度（2026年度）は月17,920円。所得に関係なく一律で、前納割引や低所得者向けの免除・猶予の手続きがあります。国民健康保険は異なり、自治体が前年所得から保険料を計算するため、稼いだ翌年に上がり、年間の上限が設けられています。\nどちらの切替も自己責任で、期限があります。退職時は原則、国民健康保険への加入（または元の保険を最長2年継続）に短い期限があり、年金の種別変更は市区町村の窓口で届け出ます。逃すと未加入期間や後日の請求が生じます。\n保障の不足を埋める\n自営は会社の拠出と引き換えに自由を得ますが、現実の不足も残ります。会社員より将来の年金が少なく、多くの人に傷病時の所得補償がありません。付加年金で年金の底上げを安く行い、国民年金基金やiDeCoでより大きな、控除できる上乗せを足せます。病気で失う収入には、就業不能保険や現金のバッファが、会社員の傷病手当金の代わりになります。\n2つのルールが効率を生みます。国民年金・国民健康保険の保険料は社会保険料控除の対象で、上記の退職・年金制度も別枠で所得控除になります。つまり自分の備えに回すお金が今年の税も下げます。だからこそ姉妹ガイドでは、自営の退職準備を一つの計画として扱います。","url":"/ja/freelancers/pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"自営業の退職準備ツールキット","plainText":"自営業者は控除できる制度を重ねられます。小規模企業共済（年最大84万円）、iDeCoと国民年金基金（合算で年最大81.6万円）、低コストの付加年金で、退職準備をしつつ課税所得を下げます。\n小規模企業共済・iDeCo・国民年金基金・付加年金という、控除できる制度の組み合わせ方。\n小規模企業共済：月1,000〜70,000円、全額控除、自作の退職金。\n自営のiDeCo：月最大68,000円、国民年金基金と合算の枠。\n付加年金は、国の年金の底上げを安く行う方法です。\nいずれも所得控除で、将来を作りながら今年の税を下げます。\n控除できる3つの層\n自営業者は会社員より公的年金が薄いため、日本にはその差を埋める制度があり、いずれも課税所得を下げます。小規模企業共済は小規模事業者向けで、月1,000〜70,000円（年最大84万円）を全額控除で積み立て、廃業・引退時に一時金または年金で受け取れます。実質的に自作の退職金です。iDeCo（個人型確定拠出年金）は自営業者なら月最大68,000円を拠出でき、この上限は国民年金基金と共通のため、一つの枠を両者で配分します。付加年金は国民年金保険料に少額の定額を足し、生涯の国の年金を安く増やします。\nこれらの拠出はすべて所得から控除されます（小規模企業共済等掛金控除、iDeCo・基金の掛金、社会保険料控除）。将来のために取り分けた1円が、今年の課税ベースも1円下げる、めずらしい二重の利点です。\n無理のない順序と、ひとつの注意\nよくある順序はこうです。まず義務の国民年金を確実に払い（安い付加年金を足す）、次に小規模企業共済で、借入も廃業時の解約もできる柔軟で控除可能な積立を行い、そのうえでiDeCoを60歳まで引き出せない長期の退職資金に充てます。金額はキャッシュフローに合わせましょう。いずれも約束事で、小規模企業共済は早期の任意解約で元本割れの可能性があり、iDeCoは制度上ロックされます。\nひとつ注意です。一時金の税務は、iDeCo・共済・退職金にまたがる受取時期のルールで決まり、その規定は厳格化されています。大きな一時金を見込むなら、退職所得控除が重複で減らないよう、受取の順序と年を専門家と設計してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-retirement-toolkit","faq:freelance-health-insurance"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:pension-health-insurance-self-employed-japan","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"独立行政法人 中小企業基盤整備機構","url":"https://www.smrj.go.jp/kyosai/skyosai/","official":true},{"publisher":"国民年金基金連合会","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"国民年金基金連合会","url":"https://www.npfa.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"日本年金機構","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/service/kokunen/hokenryo/hokenryo.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"自営業者は控除できる制度を重ねられます。小規模企業共済（年最大84万円）、iDeCoと国民年金基金（合算で年最大81.6万円）、低コストの付加年金で、退職準備をしつつ課税所得を下げます。\n小規模企業共済・iDeCo・国民年金基金・付加年金という、控除できる制度の組み合わせ方。\n小規模企業共済：月1,000〜70,000円、全額控除、自作の退職金。\n自営のiDeCo：月最大68,000円、国民年金基金と合算の枠。\n付加年金は、国の年金の底上げを安く行う方法です。\nいずれも所得控除で、将来を作りながら今年の税を下げます。\n控除できる3つの層\n自営業者は会社員より公的年金が薄いため、日本にはその差を埋める制度があり、いずれも課税所得を下げます。小規模企業共済は小規模事業者向けで、月1,000〜70,000円（年最大84万円）を全額控除で積み立て、廃業・引退時に一時金または年金で受け取れます。実質的に自作の退職金です。iDeCo（個人型確定拠出年金）は自営業者なら月最大68,000円を拠出でき、この上限は国民年金基金と共通のため、一つの枠を両者で配分します。付加年金は国民年金保険料に少額の定額を足し、生涯の国の年金を安く増やします。\nこれらの拠出はすべて所得から控除されます（小規模企業共済等掛金控除、iDeCo・基金の掛金、社会保険料控除）。将来のために取り分けた1円が、今年の課税ベースも1円下げる、めずらしい二重の利点です。\n無理のない順序と、ひとつの注意\nよくある順序はこうです。まず義務の国民年金を確実に払い（安い付加年金を足す）、次に小規模企業共済で、借入も廃業時の解約もできる柔軟で控除可能な積立を行い、そのうえでiDeCoを60歳まで引き出せない長期の退職資金に充てます。金額はキャッシュフローに合わせましょう。いずれも約束事で、小規模企業共済は早期の任意解約で元本割れの可能性があり、iDeCoは制度上ロックされます。\nひとつ注意です。一時金の税務は、iDeCo・共済・退職金にまたがる受取時期のルールで決まり、その規定は厳格化されています。大きな一時金を見込むなら、退職所得控除が重複で減らないよう、受取の順序と年を専門家と設計してください。","url":"/ja/freelancers/self-employed-retirement-savings-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:side-business-tax-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:side-business-tax-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"会社員の副業と税金","plainText":"よく言われる20万円以下でも申告が必要な場合があり、その副収入が事業所得か雑所得かは、事業的に運営し帳簿をつけているかで主に決まります。\n副収入で申告が要る場面、20万円ルールの本当の意味、事業所得と雑所得の区分。\n20万円は一部の会社員の申告義務の基準で、非課税枠ではありません。\nそれ以下でも、自治体への住民税申告が必要な場合があります。\n事業所得か雑所得かは、事業的な活動と記帳の有無で決まります。\n事業所得は青色申告と損益通算が使え、雑所得は使えません。\nそもそも申告は必要？\n「副収入が20万円以下なら会社員は確定申告不要」という説明が広く出回ります。これは本当ですが限定的です。年末調整で完結する一部の会社員の、国の所得税の申告義務に関する話で、非課税枠ではありません。当てはまる場合でも、自治体はその所得について別途の住民税申告を求めることがあります。「20万円以下なら何もしない」はしばしば誤りです。\n副収入がこれより大きい、勤務先が2か所ある、医療費控除や住宅ローン控除（初年）などを受けたい場合は、副収入を含めて確定申告します。迷ったら申告が安全な既定値で、特に住民税側は見落としやすい点です。\n事業所得か雑所得か\n副収入の区分は大きく影響します。事業所得は青色申告・最大65万円控除・他の所得との損益通算が使えますが、雑所得は使えません。国税庁の明確化により、判断の決め手は社会通念上その活動が事業として行われているか——継続性・規模・労力、そして何より適切な帳簿と証憑の保存です。記帳があれば概ね事業所得、なければ、またはごく小規模で偶発的なら雑所得に傾きます。\nしたがって副業を本当の事業にするつもりなら、最初から事業として扱いましょう。開業届と青色申告承認申請を出し、会計ソフトで複式簿記をつけ、契約書と領収書を残します。これは事業所得としての扱いを支え、後の完全独立への準備にもなります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/side-business-tax-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-side-business","faq:freelance-open"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1350.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"よく言われる20万円以下でも申告が必要な場合があり、その副収入が事業所得か雑所得かは、事業的に運営し帳簿をつけているかで主に決まります。\n副収入で申告が要る場面、20万円ルールの本当の意味、事業所得と雑所得の区分。\n20万円は一部の会社員の申告義務の基準で、非課税枠ではありません。\nそれ以下でも、自治体への住民税申告が必要な場合があります。\n事業所得か雑所得かは、事業的な活動と記帳の有無で決まります。\n事業所得は青色申告と損益通算が使え、雑所得は使えません。\nそもそも申告は必要？\n「副収入が20万円以下なら会社員は確定申告不要」という説明が広く出回ります。これは本当ですが限定的です。年末調整で完結する一部の会社員の、国の所得税の申告義務に関する話で、非課税枠ではありません。当てはまる場合でも、自治体はその所得について別途の住民税申告を求めることがあります。「20万円以下なら何もしない」はしばしば誤りです。\n副収入がこれより大きい、勤務先が2か所ある、医療費控除や住宅ローン控除（初年）などを受けたい場合は、副収入を含めて確定申告します。迷ったら申告が安全な既定値で、特に住民税側は見落としやすい点です。\n事業所得か雑所得か\n副収入の区分は大きく影響します。事業所得は青色申告・最大65万円控除・他の所得との損益通算が使えますが、雑所得は使えません。国税庁の明確化により、判断の決め手は社会通念上その活動が事業として行われているか——継続性・規模・労力、そして何より適切な帳簿と証憑の保存です。記帳があれば概ね事業所得、なければ、またはごく小規模で偶発的なら雑所得に傾きます。\nしたがって副業を本当の事業にするつもりなら、最初から事業として扱いましょう。開業届と青色申告承認申請を出し、会計ソフトで複式簿記をつけ、契約書と領収書を残します。これは事業所得としての扱いを支え、後の完全独立への準備にもなります。","url":"/ja/freelancers/side-business-tax-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:getting-paid-invoicing-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:getting-paid-invoicing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"報酬の受け取り：請求書と源泉徴収","plainText":"明確な請求書（登録者はT番号入り）を発行し、特定の報酬は約10%が源泉徴収されて振り込まれることを見込み、申告時にその源泉税を精算して二重取りにならないようにします。\n取引先への請求、報酬が減って振り込まれる理由（源泉徴収）、資金繰りを保つ工夫。\n適切な請求書には、業務内容・金額・税・支払条件、登録者はT番号を記載します。\n個人への一定の報酬（原稿・デザイン・講演など）は源泉で約10.21%が引かれます。\n源泉税は前払いです。申告で精算しないと取り戻せません。\nタイミング管理を。支払遅延や取引先ごとの条件差にバッファを持ちます。\n請求書を上手に出す\n良い請求書は摩擦を減らし、入金を早めます。自分と取引先を明記し、業務内容を記し、金額と消費税を示し、支払期日と口座を書き、インボイス登録済みならT番号を入れて取引先が仕入税額控除を受けられるようにします。MakeLeaps・Misoca・boardなどの請求ツールは適合した請求書を作り、入金・未入金を管理し、控えを保存します。英語対応のものもあり、海外の取引先への請求に役立ちます。\n自分の控えを残し、入金と照合しましょう。消費税の登録者なら、適格請求書の様式に必須項目があるため、普通の書類ではなく、それを満たすツールや雛形を使ってください。\n報酬が減って振り込まれる理由\n個人に支払われる一定の報酬——原稿・デザイン・翻訳・講演や一部の士業報酬など——について、支払う会社は源泉所得税として約10.21%を差し引き、あなたに代わって税務署に納めます。10万円の報酬が約89,790円で着金するのはこのためです。これは損ではなく所得税の前払いです。申告時に、取引先の支払調書に示された源泉税を合計して納税額から差し引くため、しばしば還付になります。\n実務上の要点が2つ。取引先ごとに源泉を記録し、申告で全額を精算すること（漏らすと二重払いになります）。そして資金繰りを設計すること。請求・源泉・消費税・支払遅延はいずれも現金を動かすため、バッファを持ち、遅い取引先で資金が危うくなるなら、フリーランス向けに請求書の即日払い（有料）サービスもあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/getting-paid-invoicing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-withholding","faq:freelance-invoice"],"products":["product:makeleaps","product:misoca","product:board","product:freenance"],"guides":["guide:invoice-system-explained","guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"明確な請求書（登録者はT番号入り）を発行し、特定の報酬は約10%が源泉徴収されて振り込まれることを見込み、申告時にその源泉税を精算して二重取りにならないようにします。\n取引先への請求、報酬が減って振り込まれる理由（源泉徴収）、資金繰りを保つ工夫。\n適切な請求書には、業務内容・金額・税・支払条件、登録者はT番号を記載します。\n個人への一定の報酬（原稿・デザイン・講演など）は源泉で約10.21%が引かれます。\n源泉税は前払いです。申告で精算しないと取り戻せません。\nタイミング管理を。支払遅延や取引先ごとの条件差にバッファを持ちます。\n請求書を上手に出す\n良い請求書は摩擦を減らし、入金を早めます。自分と取引先を明記し、業務内容を記し、金額と消費税を示し、支払期日と口座を書き、インボイス登録済みならT番号を入れて取引先が仕入税額控除を受けられるようにします。MakeLeaps・Misoca・boardなどの請求ツールは適合した請求書を作り、入金・未入金を管理し、控えを保存します。英語対応のものもあり、海外の取引先への請求に役立ちます。\n自分の控えを残し、入金と照合しましょう。消費税の登録者なら、適格請求書の様式に必須項目があるため、普通の書類ではなく、それを満たすツールや雛形を使ってください。\n報酬が減って振り込まれる理由\n個人に支払われる一定の報酬——原稿・デザイン・翻訳・講演や一部の士業報酬など——について、支払う会社は源泉所得税として約10.21%を差し引き、あなたに代わって税務署に納めます。10万円の報酬が約89,790円で着金するのはこのためです。これは損ではなく所得税の前払いです。申告時に、取引先の支払調書に示された源泉税を合計して納税額から差し引くため、しばしば還付になります。\n実務上の要点が2つ。取引先ごとに源泉を記録し、申告で全額を精算すること（漏らすと二重払いになります）。そして資金繰りを設計すること。請求・源泉・消費税・支払遅延はいずれも現金を動かすため、バッファを持ち、遅い取引先で資金が危うくなるなら、フリーランス向けに請求書の即日払い（有料）サービスもあります。","url":"/ja/freelancers/getting-paid-invoicing-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:choosing-accounting-software-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスの会計ソフトの選び方","plainText":"freeeは案内型の記帳を求める初心者、マネーフォワード クラウドは柔軟性と連携を求める人、弥生は実績と専門家の習熟が強い定番です。ブランドではなく現行プランと機能で比較しましょう。\nfreee・マネーフォワード クラウド・弥生の違いと、自分の働き方への合わせ方。\n3つとも銀行・カードを取り込み、複式簿記を作り、青色申告書類とe-Taxデータを出力します。\nfreeeは案内型で初心者に優しく、マネーフォワード クラウドは柔軟で連携が豊富です。\n弥生は最も実績が長く、税理士の習熟が広いです。\nプラン単位で比較を。機能・サポートはプランで異なり、画面は日本語のみです。\n3つの違い\n主要3ツールの中核機能は同じで——銀行・カードと連携し、取引を複式簿記に仕訳し、青色申告書類とe-Taxファイルを作ります——違いは進め方にあります。freeeは会計用語を隠す案内型の設計で、初めての申告者に最も取っつきやすいと感じられがちです。マネーフォワード クラウドは記帳をより見せ、連携が豊富で、柔軟性や将来の拡大を求める人に向きます。弥生はデスクトップとクラウドを持つ老舗で、税理士の習熟が最も深く、後で専門家に引き継ぎやすいです。\nいずれも英語画面はないため、多少の日本語や二カ国語の助けを見込みましょう。案内型か柔軟型かが本当の選択なので、ブランドや表示価格だけでなく、体験版で操作を試してから決めてください。\n自分の働き方に合わせる\n自分の状況から始めましょう。初めての申告で会計に馴染みがないなら、案内型が誤りを減らします。収入源が多い、決済・請求ツールとの連携が要る、将来法人化を見込むなら、柔軟性を重視します。すでに税理士と組んでいるなら、最も対応しやすいツールを尋ねましょう。専門家との相性が、小さな機能差より効くことがあります。\nどれを選んでも価値は継続的な利用から生まれます。口座を一度つなぎ、毎月照合し、証憑を都度添付すれば、申告期は格闘ではなく確認になります。具体的な組み合わせは、フリーランス・事業のメインページの比較表と一騎打ち解説で検討してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/choosing-accounting-software-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-which-software","faq:freelance-blue-return"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud","product:yayoi"],"guides":["guide:blue-vs-white-return-japan","guide:getting-paid-invoicing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"フリー株式会社","url":"https://www.freee.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社マネーフォワード","url":"https://biz.moneyforward.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"弥生株式会社","url":"https://www.yayoi-kk.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"freeeは案内型の記帳を求める初心者、マネーフォワード クラウドは柔軟性と連携を求める人、弥生は実績と専門家の習熟が強い定番です。ブランドではなく現行プランと機能で比較しましょう。\nfreee・マネーフォワード クラウド・弥生の違いと、自分の働き方への合わせ方。\n3つとも銀行・カードを取り込み、複式簿記を作り、青色申告書類とe-Taxデータを出力します。\nfreeeは案内型で初心者に優しく、マネーフォワード クラウドは柔軟で連携が豊富です。\n弥生は最も実績が長く、税理士の習熟が広いです。\nプラン単位で比較を。機能・サポートはプランで異なり、画面は日本語のみです。\n3つの違い\n主要3ツールの中核機能は同じで——銀行・カードと連携し、取引を複式簿記に仕訳し、青色申告書類とe-Taxファイルを作ります——違いは進め方にあります。freeeは会計用語を隠す案内型の設計で、初めての申告者に最も取っつきやすいと感じられがちです。マネーフォワード クラウドは記帳をより見せ、連携が豊富で、柔軟性や将来の拡大を求める人に向きます。弥生はデスクトップとクラウドを持つ老舗で、税理士の習熟が最も深く、後で専門家に引き継ぎやすいです。\nいずれも英語画面はないため、多少の日本語や二カ国語の助けを見込みましょう。案内型か柔軟型かが本当の選択なので、ブランドや表示価格だけでなく、体験版で操作を試してから決めてください。\n自分の働き方に合わせる\n自分の状況から始めましょう。初めての申告で会計に馴染みがないなら、案内型が誤りを減らします。収入源が多い、決済・請求ツールとの連携が要る、将来法人化を見込むなら、柔軟性を重視します。すでに税理士と組んでいるなら、最も対応しやすいツールを尋ねましょう。専門家との相性が、小さな機能差より効くことがあります。\nどれを選んでも価値は継続的な利用から生まれます。口座を一度つなぎ、毎月照合し、証憑を都度添付すれば、申告期は格闘ではなく確認になります。具体的な組み合わせは、フリーランス・事業のメインページの比較表と一騎打ち解説で検討してください。","url":"/ja/freelancers/choosing-accounting-software-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"個人事業主と法人：いつ法人化するか","plainText":"法人化は利益が大きいと節税になり、信用と有限責任を得られますが、固定費・事務・社会保険の義務が増えます。多くは、安定した利益・取引先の要件・成長計画が負担を正当化した時点で法人化します。\n個人事業主のままか法人化かの実際のトレードオフと、判断を傾ける兆候。\n個人事業主は最も簡単で低コスト、法人は仕組みとコストが増えます。\n利益が高く継続すれば、法人税率が個人の最高税率を下回ることがあります。\n法人は有限責任・採用のしやすさ・取引先からの信用を得られます。\n切替は固定費・社会保険加入・多くは税理士が加わります。\n中核のトレードオフ\n個人事業主は軽量な既定値で、開業はほぼ無料、申告は簡単、支配は完全です。法人は別の法人格で、人が法人化する3つの理由をもたらします。利益が大きいときの節税（法人税率の上限は個人所得税の最高税率よりかなり低い）、事業リスクを個人資産から切り離す有限責任、そして一部の取引先が法人への請求を好む・求めるための信用です。対して現実のコストがあります。設立費用、赤字でもかかる年間の均等割、社会保険への強制加入、複雑になる会計、そしてほぼ全員に必要な税理士です。\n唯一の魔法の数字はありませんが、転換点はたいてい組み合わせです。税差が固定費を上回るほど利益が高く安定していること、加えて採用・資金調達・大型契約・法人としか取引しない相手といった税以外の理由です。\n時期を示す兆候\nきりのよい売上額ではなく、具体的な兆候を見ましょう。利益がしばらく高めの所得税区分に十分入っている、消費税が避けられなくなり法人の2年の免税枠が時期の助けになり得る、自分に役員報酬を払い世帯で所得を分けたい、従業員を雇う、主要な取引先が法人との契約を求める——いずれか一つでも動機になり、複数重なれば明確です。\n兆候があれば、書類を出す前にきちんと試算しましょう。税理士は、個人事業主と法人であなた固有の税・社会保険の結果を比較できます。決めた後は、freeeやマネーフォワードの会社設立サービスが書類を用意します。次に会社の種類のガイドが、合同会社と株式会社の選択を助けます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-incorporate-when","faq:freelance-kk-vs-gk"],"products":["product:freee-kaisha-setup","product:mf-kaisha-setup","product:zeirishi-dot-com"],"guides":["guide:types-of-company-japan","guide:becoming-a-sole-proprietor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"法務省・法務局","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/houjintouki.html","official":true},{"publisher":"経済産業省","url":"https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/newbusiness/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"法人化は利益が大きいと節税になり、信用と有限責任を得られますが、固定費・事務・社会保険の義務が増えます。多くは、安定した利益・取引先の要件・成長計画が負担を正当化した時点で法人化します。\n個人事業主のままか法人化かの実際のトレードオフと、判断を傾ける兆候。\n個人事業主は最も簡単で低コスト、法人は仕組みとコストが増えます。\n利益が高く継続すれば、法人税率が個人の最高税率を下回ることがあります。\n法人は有限責任・採用のしやすさ・取引先からの信用を得られます。\n切替は固定費・社会保険加入・多くは税理士が加わります。\n中核のトレードオフ\n個人事業主は軽量な既定値で、開業はほぼ無料、申告は簡単、支配は完全です。法人は別の法人格で、人が法人化する3つの理由をもたらします。利益が大きいときの節税（法人税率の上限は個人所得税の最高税率よりかなり低い）、事業リスクを個人資産から切り離す有限責任、そして一部の取引先が法人への請求を好む・求めるための信用です。対して現実のコストがあります。設立費用、赤字でもかかる年間の均等割、社会保険への強制加入、複雑になる会計、そしてほぼ全員に必要な税理士です。\n唯一の魔法の数字はありませんが、転換点はたいてい組み合わせです。税差が固定費を上回るほど利益が高く安定していること、加えて採用・資金調達・大型契約・法人としか取引しない相手といった税以外の理由です。\n時期を示す兆候\nきりのよい売上額ではなく、具体的な兆候を見ましょう。利益がしばらく高めの所得税区分に十分入っている、消費税が避けられなくなり法人の2年の免税枠が時期の助けになり得る、自分に役員報酬を払い世帯で所得を分けたい、従業員を雇う、主要な取引先が法人との契約を求める——いずれか一つでも動機になり、複数重なれば明確です。\n兆候があれば、書類を出す前にきちんと試算しましょう。税理士は、個人事業主と法人であなた固有の税・社会保険の結果を比較できます。決めた後は、freeeやマネーフォワードの会社設立サービスが書類を用意します。次に会社の種類のガイドが、合同会社と株式会社の選択を助けます。","url":"/ja/freelancers/sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:types-of-company-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:types-of-company-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"会社の種類：株式会社・合同会社ほか","plainText":"合同会社（GK・LLCに近い）は設立も運営も安く簡単、株式会社（KK）は費用が高い一方で信用が最も高く株式を発行できます。多くの一人創業者は、取引先や資金調達が株式会社を求めない限り合同会社から始めます。\n株式会社と合同会社の実務的な違いと、小規模創業者が多くこの2つから選ぶ理由。\n合同会社も株式会社も有限責任と独立の法人格を持ちます。\n合同会社は設立が安い——定款認証が不要で登録免許税も低めです。\n株式会社は社会的信用が最も高く、株式発行で資金調達ができます。\n合同会社で始め、必要に応じて後で株式会社へ組織変更もできます。\n合同会社と株式会社の実際\n小規模事業では2つの形態が主流です。株式会社（KK）はなじみのある「会社」で、信用が最も高く、株式発行で資金調達ができ、一部の取引先や投資家が期待します。ただ設立費用が高く（定款の認証と高めの登録免許税が必要）、機関設計の形式も伴います。合同会社（GK）はLLCを手本とし、同じ有限責任と法人格を、より安く簡単な設立で得られます——定款認証は不要、登録免許税も低め、内部の取り決めも柔軟です。世界的企業の日本法人にも合同会社は多く、形態としての信用はありますが、一般的な知名度はなお株式会社が上です。\n古い形態の合名会社・合資会社は、社員が無限責任または混合の責任を負い、新規事業ではまれな選択です。多くの一人創業者・小規模チームにとって、本当の選択は合同会社か株式会社かです。\n選び方と、余地を残す\nコストと簡便さが最重要で、外部の株式資本や最大の知名度が不要なら合同会社を。フリーランスが一人の事業を正式化する一般的な選択です。投資を受ける見込みがある、企業取引先への信用を最大化したい、株主を迎える可能性があるなら株式会社を。迷うなら、合同会社は後で株式会社へ組織変更できるため、小さく始めて必要が具体化したら上げるのも合理的です。\nいずれも、設立は法務局での登記手続きと税務署への各種届出で、会社設立サービスや司法書士が書類を扱えます。費用・資本金・機関のルールは法律で定められ折々変わるため、申請前に現行の金額と要件を確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/types-of-company-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-kk-vs-gk","faq:freelance-incorporate-when"],"products":["product:freee-kaisha-setup","product:mf-kaisha-setup"],"guides":["guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","guide:business-visa-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"法務省・法務局","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/houjintouki.html","official":true},{"publisher":"経済産業省","url":"https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/newbusiness/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"合同会社（GK・LLCに近い）は設立も運営も安く簡単、株式会社（KK）は費用が高い一方で信用が最も高く株式を発行できます。多くの一人創業者は、取引先や資金調達が株式会社を求めない限り合同会社から始めます。\n株式会社と合同会社の実務的な違いと、小規模創業者が多くこの2つから選ぶ理由。\n合同会社も株式会社も有限責任と独立の法人格を持ちます。\n合同会社は設立が安い——定款認証が不要で登録免許税も低めです。\n株式会社は社会的信用が最も高く、株式発行で資金調達ができます。\n合同会社で始め、必要に応じて後で株式会社へ組織変更もできます。\n合同会社と株式会社の実際\n小規模事業では2つの形態が主流です。株式会社（KK）はなじみのある「会社」で、信用が最も高く、株式発行で資金調達ができ、一部の取引先や投資家が期待します。ただ設立費用が高く（定款の認証と高めの登録免許税が必要）、機関設計の形式も伴います。合同会社（GK）はLLCを手本とし、同じ有限責任と法人格を、より安く簡単な設立で得られます——定款認証は不要、登録免許税も低め、内部の取り決めも柔軟です。世界的企業の日本法人にも合同会社は多く、形態としての信用はありますが、一般的な知名度はなお株式会社が上です。\n古い形態の合名会社・合資会社は、社員が無限責任または混合の責任を負い、新規事業ではまれな選択です。多くの一人創業者・小規模チームにとって、本当の選択は合同会社か株式会社かです。\n選び方と、余地を残す\nコストと簡便さが最重要で、外部の株式資本や最大の知名度が不要なら合同会社を。フリーランスが一人の事業を正式化する一般的な選択です。投資を受ける見込みがある、企業取引先への信用を最大化したい、株主を迎える可能性があるなら株式会社を。迷うなら、合同会社は後で株式会社へ組織変更できるため、小さく始めて必要が具体化したら上げるのも合理的です。\nいずれも、設立は法務局での登記手続きと税務署への各種届出で、会社設立サービスや司法書士が書類を扱えます。費用・資本金・機関のルールは法律で定められ折々変わるため、申請前に現行の金額と要件を確認してください。","url":"/ja/freelancers/types-of-company-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:hiring-family-outsourcing-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:hiring-family-outsourcing-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"家族への給与と外注","plainText":"青色申告者は、事業に専従する家族への妥当な給与を（届出のうえ）経費にできます。従業員や一定の報酬を払うと、支払者として源泉徴収と納付の義務を負います。\n青色事業専従者給与の仕組みと、外注・従業員に払うときの源泉徴収義務。\n青色申告者は、妥当で事前届出のある家族専従者給与を経費にできます。\n家族は事業に専従する必要があり、その給与は本人の課税所得です。\n従業員や一定の報酬を払うと、あなたは源泉徴収義務者になります。\n従業員は労働保険、規模により社会保険の義務を生みます。\n家族に給与を払う\n通常、配偶者や親族への給与は経費にできませんが、青色申告には例外があります。事業に専従する家族従業員（青色事業専従者）への給与は、事前に必要な届出を出し、仕事に見合う妥当な金額であれば経費にできます。これは世帯内で所得を移し全体の税を下げられますが、その給与は家族本人の課税所得になり、「事業に専従」の条件は実質的なので、別にフルタイムの職がある人への名目給与は認められません。\n説明できる形にしましょう。届出を期限内に出し、職務と相場に整合する金額を、実際に支払い、記録を残します。過大な家族給与はよくある調査対象です。\n外注・従業員に払うとき\n他者に支払うと、支払者の義務を負います。従業員を雇うと、原則としてその所得税を源泉徴収し、年末調整を行い、労働保険（労災、該当すれば雇用保険）に加入させます。一定規模では健康保険・厚生年金も適用されます。従業員がいなくても、個人への一定の報酬——あなた自身の請求から源泉される種別と同じ——を払うと、源泉徴収して納付する側になり得ます。\n他の事業者やフリーランスへの純粋な外注なら、通常は請求を支払うだけですが、契約と記録を残し、インボイス制度に留意します。仕入税額控除には登録事業者の適格請求書が必要です。給与計算や源泉が複雑になれば、税理士や給与ソフトを入れる自然なタイミングです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/hiring-family-outsourcing-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-family-salary","faq:freelance-withholding"],"products":["product:freee","product:money-forward-cloud"],"guides":["guide:business-expenses-deductions-japan","guide:getting-paid-invoicing-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2075.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"青色申告者は、事業に専従する家族への妥当な給与を（届出のうえ）経費にできます。従業員や一定の報酬を払うと、支払者として源泉徴収と納付の義務を負います。\n青色事業専従者給与の仕組みと、外注・従業員に払うときの源泉徴収義務。\n青色申告者は、妥当で事前届出のある家族専従者給与を経費にできます。\n家族は事業に専従する必要があり、その給与は本人の課税所得です。\n従業員や一定の報酬を払うと、あなたは源泉徴収義務者になります。\n従業員は労働保険、規模により社会保険の義務を生みます。\n家族に給与を払う\n通常、配偶者や親族への給与は経費にできませんが、青色申告には例外があります。事業に専従する家族従業員（青色事業専従者）への給与は、事前に必要な届出を出し、仕事に見合う妥当な金額であれば経費にできます。これは世帯内で所得を移し全体の税を下げられますが、その給与は家族本人の課税所得になり、「事業に専従」の条件は実質的なので、別にフルタイムの職がある人への名目給与は認められません。\n説明できる形にしましょう。届出を期限内に出し、職務と相場に整合する金額を、実際に支払い、記録を残します。過大な家族給与はよくある調査対象です。\n外注・従業員に払うとき\n他者に支払うと、支払者の義務を負います。従業員を雇うと、原則としてその所得税を源泉徴収し、年末調整を行い、労働保険（労災、該当すれば雇用保険）に加入させます。一定規模では健康保険・厚生年金も適用されます。従業員がいなくても、個人への一定の報酬——あなた自身の請求から源泉される種別と同じ——を払うと、源泉徴収して納付する側になり得ます。\n他の事業者やフリーランスへの純粋な外注なら、通常は請求を支払うだけですが、契約と記録を残し、インボイス制度に留意します。仕入税額控除には登録事業者の適格請求書が必要です。給与計算や源泉が複雑になれば、税理士や給与ソフトを入れる自然なタイミングです。","url":"/ja/freelancers/hiring-family-outsourcing-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:subsidies-grants-small-business-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:subsidies-grants-small-business-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"中小・個人事業の補助金と助成金","plainText":"日本には補助金（競争的・上限あり・支出後に精算）と助成金（要件を満たせば受給、多くは労務関連）があります。公式ポータルで探し、多くは採択・支出の後払いのため資金繰りを計画しましょう。\n補助金と助成金の違い、探し方、後払い（精算）の仕組み。\n補助金は競争的で上限があり、多くは支出後に精算されます。\n助成金は要件を満たせば受給でき、多くは雇用・労務関連です。\njGrantsや中小企業庁などの公式ポータルに現行制度が載ります。\n多くは採択・支出の後払い。資金の谷を見込み、証憑を残します。\n2種類の支援\n中小・個人事業への公的支援は大きく2つに分かれます。補助金は中小企業庁や各省庁が、設備・IT導入・小規模事業の持続化や再構築といった特定の目的に向けて出し、競争的です。計画を添えて申請し、上限と自己負担割合があり、採択されるのは一部です。助成金は多くが厚生労働省で、要件充足型です。条件（多くは採用・訓練・労働条件の改善に関するもの）を満たせば定額を受け取れます。用語は完全には統一されていないため、名称より各制度のルールを読みましょう。\nどちらも多くは後払いです。通常、採択→支出→証憑つきで報告→受給、と進み、受け取りは数か月後のこともあります。費用を立て替え、丁寧に記録できる事業ほど有利です。\n探し方と上手な使い方\nまとめサイトより公式から始めましょう。jGrantsでは多くの国の補助金をオンラインで検索・申請でき、中小企業庁は現行制度を公表し、自治体や商工会議所も独自の制度を持ちます。よろず支援拠点や商工会議所は申請の設計を助けます。制度は回ごとに開閉し毎年変わるため、計画に組み込む前に日程と現行条件を直接確認してください。\n補助金は、どのみち進める計画の後押しと捉え、支出の理由にはしないことです。資格と報告義務を先に読み、見積・請求書・支払証憑をすべて残し、精算の遅れを資金繰りに織り込みます。目的外利用や未報告は返還になり得るため、証憑の徹底も条件のうちです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/subsidies-grants-small-business-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-subsidies","faq:freelance-incorporate-when"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","guide:freelancer-income-tax-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"デジタル庁・中小企業庁","url":"https://www.jgrants-portal.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"経済産業省 中小企業庁","url":"https://www.chusho.meti.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"経済産業省","url":"https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/newbusiness/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"日本には補助金（競争的・上限あり・支出後に精算）と助成金（要件を満たせば受給、多くは労務関連）があります。公式ポータルで探し、多くは採択・支出の後払いのため資金繰りを計画しましょう。\n補助金と助成金の違い、探し方、後払い（精算）の仕組み。\n補助金は競争的で上限があり、多くは支出後に精算されます。\n助成金は要件を満たせば受給でき、多くは雇用・労務関連です。\njGrantsや中小企業庁などの公式ポータルに現行制度が載ります。\n多くは採択・支出の後払い。資金の谷を見込み、証憑を残します。\n2種類の支援\n中小・個人事業への公的支援は大きく2つに分かれます。補助金は中小企業庁や各省庁が、設備・IT導入・小規模事業の持続化や再構築といった特定の目的に向けて出し、競争的です。計画を添えて申請し、上限と自己負担割合があり、採択されるのは一部です。助成金は多くが厚生労働省で、要件充足型です。条件（多くは採用・訓練・労働条件の改善に関するもの）を満たせば定額を受け取れます。用語は完全には統一されていないため、名称より各制度のルールを読みましょう。\nどちらも多くは後払いです。通常、採択→支出→証憑つきで報告→受給、と進み、受け取りは数か月後のこともあります。費用を立て替え、丁寧に記録できる事業ほど有利です。\n探し方と上手な使い方\nまとめサイトより公式から始めましょう。jGrantsでは多くの国の補助金をオンラインで検索・申請でき、中小企業庁は現行制度を公表し、自治体や商工会議所も独自の制度を持ちます。よろず支援拠点や商工会議所は申請の設計を助けます。制度は回ごとに開閉し毎年変わるため、計画に組み込む前に日程と現行条件を直接確認してください。\n補助金は、どのみち進める計画の後押しと捉え、支出の理由にはしないことです。資格と報告義務を先に読み、見積・請求書・支払証憑をすべて残し、精算の遅れを資金繰りに織り込みます。目的外利用や未報告は返還になり得るため、証憑の徹底も条件のうちです。","url":"/ja/freelancers/subsidies-grants-small-business-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:business-visa-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:business-visa-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"自営・独立と在留資格","plainText":"自営や会社経営が可能かは在留資格によります。永住者や一部の家族・配偶者資格は自由度が高く、就労ビザは活動に紐づき、会社経営は多くの場合「経営・管理」資格に向かいます。始める前に確認しましょう。\n在留資格で自営が可能か、経営・管理ビザの要件。\n自営の可否は希望ではなく在留資格が決めます。\n永住者や一部の配偶者・家族資格は幅広い自営が可能です。\n活動に基づく就労ビザは、変更なしに独立事業を認めない場合があります。\n会社経営は通常「経営・管理」資格とその要件が必要です。\n自分の資格で自営はできるか\n在留資格が、収入を得る活動の外枠を決めます。永住者、日本人の配偶者等や定住者などの資格は、概してフリーランスや起業の自由度が高いです。活動に基づく就労ビザ（例：技術・人文知識・国際業務）は特定の就労を認めるもので、独立したフリーランスや自分の会社の経営は、資格変更や許可なしにはその枠外となることがあります。留学生や家族滞在は、許可された活動の範囲でのみ働けます。安全策は、誰かに請求する前に自分の資格を確認することです。\nこれは税の登録とは別です。税務署への開業届は入管の許可を与えず、その逆もありません。両方をそろえる必要があります。\n経営・管理の道\n日本で会社を経営するつもりなら、「経営・管理」資格が通常の道です。実体のある事業が求められます。物理的な事務所、中身のある事業計画、そして歴史的に数百万円規模を中心としてきた資本または規模の要件（ルールは見直し中で折々厳格化）です。実在の事業を経営するために与えられるもので、在留の近道ではなく、更新では事業が実際に動いているかが見られます。\n基準は細かく、変化し、影響も大きいため、専門家と正しく進める領域です。資格は入管専門の行政書士・弁護士、会社は税理士に。本稿を含むオンラインの要約は入口の案内にとどめ、時間やお金を投じる前に出入国在留管理庁で現行要件を確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/freelancers/business-visa-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"faqs":["faq:freelance-visa","faq:freelance-incorporate-when"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:sole-proprietor-vs-company-japan","guide:types-of-company-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"出入国在留管理庁","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/applications/status/businessmanager.html","official":true},{"publisher":"出入国在留管理庁","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"freelancers","text":"自営や会社経営が可能かは在留資格によります。永住者や一部の家族・配偶者資格は自由度が高く、就労ビザは活動に紐づき、会社経営は多くの場合「経営・管理」資格に向かいます。始める前に確認しましょう。\n在留資格で自営が可能か、経営・管理ビザの要件。\n自営の可否は希望ではなく在留資格が決めます。\n永住者や一部の配偶者・家族資格は幅広い自営が可能です。\n活動に基づく就労ビザは、変更なしに独立事業を認めない場合があります。\n会社経営は通常「経営・管理」資格とその要件が必要です。\n自分の資格で自営はできるか\n在留資格が、収入を得る活動の外枠を決めます。永住者、日本人の配偶者等や定住者などの資格は、概してフリーランスや起業の自由度が高いです。活動に基づく就労ビザ（例：技術・人文知識・国際業務）は特定の就労を認めるもので、独立したフリーランスや自分の会社の経営は、資格変更や許可なしにはその枠外となることがあります。留学生や家族滞在は、許可された活動の範囲でのみ働けます。安全策は、誰かに請求する前に自分の資格を確認することです。\nこれは税の登録とは別です。税務署への開業届は入管の許可を与えず、その逆もありません。両方をそろえる必要があります。\n経営・管理の道\n日本で会社を経営するつもりなら、「経営・管理」資格が通常の道です。実体のある事業が求められます。物理的な事務所、中身のある事業計画、そして歴史的に数百万円規模を中心としてきた資本または規模の要件（ルールは見直し中で折々厳格化）です。実在の事業を経営するために与えられるもので、在留の近道ではなく、更新では事業が実際に動いているかが見られます。\n基準は細かく、変化し、影響も大きいため、専門家と正しく進める領域です。資格は入管専門の行政書士・弁護士、会社は税理士に。本稿を含むオンラインの要約は入口の案内にとどめ、時間やお金を投じる前に出入国在留管理庁で現行要件を確認してください。","url":"/ja/freelancers/business-visa-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の公的保険と民間保険","plainText":"公的健康保険で多くの自己負担は約3割、高額療養費で月の負担に上限。自分で賄えない具体的な不足がある場合だけ民間保険を。\n公的保障で足りる範囲と、追加の要否の判断。\n公的健康保険で多くの費用の約7割をカバー。\n高額療養費が月の自己負担を所得別に上限化。\n公的年金に障害・遺族給付を含む。\n不安からでなく不足を埋めるために民間保険を。\n公的保障で既にカバーされる範囲\n健康保険への加入は義務で、多くの医療費の自己負担は約3割に抑えられます。さらに高額療養費制度が、所得区分ごとに月の自己負担に上限を設けるため、重い病気でも金銭的な上限があります。公的年金は老後だけでなく、障害・遺族の給付も行います。これを理解すると、不安をあおって売られる民間商品の買いすぎを防げます。\n追加の要否を決める\n3つを問いましょう。公的保障の後に残る不足は何か、自分で賄えない損失はどれほど大きいか、その不足を埋めるのに保険料は見合うか。最も分かりやすく有効なのは、扶養家族が収入に頼る場合の定期生命保険と、安価な個人賠償責任保険（多くの県で自転車保険が義務）です。医療・がんの上乗せは多くの人にとって任意の安心です。具体的な不足で判断し、必ず免責と代替手段を読みましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/public-vs-private-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":["faq:insurance-public-enough","faq:insurance-high-cost","faq:insurance-life-needed"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/hoken/index.html","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"公的健康保険で多くの自己負担は約3割、高額療養費で月の負担に上限。自分で賄えない具体的な不足がある場合だけ民間保険を。\n公的保障で足りる範囲と、追加の要否の判断。\n公的健康保険で多くの費用の約7割をカバー。\n高額療養費が月の自己負担を所得別に上限化。\n公的年金に障害・遺族給付を含む。\n不安からでなく不足を埋めるために民間保険を。\n公的保障で既にカバーされる範囲\n健康保険への加入は義務で、多くの医療費の自己負担は約3割に抑えられます。さらに高額療養費制度が、所得区分ごとに月の自己負担に上限を設けるため、重い病気でも金銭的な上限があります。公的年金は老後だけでなく、障害・遺族の給付も行います。これを理解すると、不安をあおって売られる民間商品の買いすぎを防げます。\n追加の要否を決める\n3つを問いましょう。公的保障の後に残る不足は何か、自分で賄えない損失はどれほど大きいか、その不足を埋めるのに保険料は見合うか。最も分かりやすく有効なのは、扶養家族が収入に頼る場合の定期生命保険と、安価な個人賠償責任保険（多くの県で自転車保険が義務）です。医療・がんの上乗せは多くの人にとって任意の安心です。具体的な不足で判断し、必ず免責と代替手段を読みましょう。","url":"/ja/insurance/public-vs-private-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で生命保険は必要？","plainText":"生命保険が主に意味を持つのは、収入に頼る人がいる場合。その場合は定期保険が費用効率の良い選択です。\n生命保険が必要な場面と、定期と終身の違い。\n必要性は年齢でなく扶養家族で決まる。\n定期は一定期間を安く、終身は貯蓄付きで高コスト。\n公的年金の遺族給付を考慮する。\n保険金額は家族が直面する不足に合わせる。\n必要な場面\n生命保険は、あなたに頼る人（働いていない配偶者、子ども、住宅ローンなど共同債務を抱える家族）のために収入を補います。誰も収入に頼っていなければ通常は不要です。保険金額を決める前に、公的な遺族給付や既存の貯蓄で賄える分を差し引き、端数の切りの良い金額ではなく残る不足を保障しましょう。\n定期と終身\n定期保険は一定期間を低い保険料で保障し、扶養家族が必要な間に守る効率的な方法です。終身保険は貯蓄（解約返戻金）の要素を含み、同じ死亡保障でも大幅に高コストです。こうして保険と投資を混ぜるより、安い定期を買って差額を別に投資する方が効率的なことが多いです。貯蓄の売り文句ではなく、必要な保障で判断しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/insurance/do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"faqs":["faq:insurance-life-needed","faq:insurance-public-enough"],"products":[],"guides":["guide:public-vs-private-insurance-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"insurance","text":"生命保険が主に意味を持つのは、収入に頼る人がいる場合。その場合は定期保険が費用効率の良い選択です。\n生命保険が必要な場面と、定期と終身の違い。\n必要性は年齢でなく扶養家族で決まる。\n定期は一定期間を安く、終身は貯蓄付きで高コスト。\n公的年金の遺族給付を考慮する。\n保険金額は家族が直面する不足に合わせる。\n必要な場面\n生命保険は、あなたに頼る人（働いていない配偶者、子ども、住宅ローンなど共同債務を抱える家族）のために収入を補います。誰も収入に頼っていなければ通常は不要です。保険金額を決める前に、公的な遺族給付や既存の貯蓄で賄える分を差し引き、端数の切りの良い金額ではなく残る不足を保障しましょう。\n定期と終身\n定期保険は一定期間を低い保険料で保障し、扶養家族が必要な間に守る効率的な方法です。終身保険は貯蓄（解約返戻金）の要素を含み、同じ死亡保障でも大幅に高コストです。こうして保険と投資を混ぜるより、安い定期を買って差額を別に投資する方が効率的なことが多いです。貯蓄の売り文句ではなく、必要な保障で判断しましょう。","url":"/ja/insurance/do-you-need-life-insurance-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:mortgage-eligibility-foreigners:ja","entityId":"guide:mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者の住宅ローン審査","plainText":"永住権は大きく有利です。ない場合は条件が厳しく頭金も多くなりがちですが、フラット35は永住権なしでも利用しやすいです。\n永住権・収入・フラット35が審査に与える影響。\n多くの銀行は永住権を重視・要件化。\n永住権なし：頭金増・保証人・フラット35。\n安定した長期雇用と収入が決め手。\n申込前にCIC・JICCの信用情報を確認。\n審査で重視される点\n銀行は安定した雇用・収入・年齢、そして特に永住権を評価します。永住権があれば、外国人居住者は日本人の申込者とほぼ同様に扱われることが多いです。永住権がないと、断る銀行、頭金の増額や日本国籍・永住者の保証人（多くは配偶者）を求める銀行があります。住宅金融支援機構が提携金融機関を通じて提供するフラット35は基準が明確で永住権を必ずしも求めず、非永住者の買い手によく使われる選択肢です。\n準備の仕方\n申込前に、安定収入と雇用の証明をそろえ、CIC・JICCで自分の信用情報を確認して、忘れていた延滞などの問題を洗い出しましょう。非永住者向けの条件は銀行差が大きいため複数比較し、頭金に加えて価格の6〜10%の諸費用も見込みましょう。\n永住権がない場合のルート\n永住権がなくても住宅ローンが不可能と決めつけず、専門のルートを整理しましょう。実務的な順序は、勤務先やデベロッパーの提携銀行→プレスティア（英語対応・最大5億円・保証料なし・購入と借換）→東京スター銀行（永住のない外国人向けに明示されたスターモーゲージ）→スルガ銀行（日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローン）→地方・取引銀行→国籍と在留の条件を満たせばフラット35、です。日本人配偶者や保証人のいる非永住者は、いない人より多くの銀行で検討され得ますが、配偶者は信用と返済能力の審査に代わりません。非永住者のプレミアムを、永住を待って後で借り換えるコストと不確実性と比べ、適格と決める前に各行の具体的な永住要件・頭金の想定・言語要件を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","faq:loan-credit-record","faq:loan-pr-mandatory","faq:loan-english-support"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:rent-vs-buy-japan","guide:foreigners-buying-property","guide:pr-vs-non-pr-mortgage","guide:foreign-friendly-mortgage-lenders"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"永住権は大きく有利です。ない場合は条件が厳しく頭金も多くなりがちですが、フラット35は永住権なしでも利用しやすいです。\n永住権・収入・フラット35が審査に与える影響。\n多くの銀行は永住権を重視・要件化。\n永住権なし：頭金増・保証人・フラット35。\n安定した長期雇用と収入が決め手。\n申込前にCIC・JICCの信用情報を確認。\n審査で重視される点\n銀行は安定した雇用・収入・年齢、そして特に永住権を評価します。永住権があれば、外国人居住者は日本人の申込者とほぼ同様に扱われることが多いです。永住権がないと、断る銀行、頭金の増額や日本国籍・永住者の保証人（多くは配偶者）を求める銀行があります。住宅金融支援機構が提携金融機関を通じて提供するフラット35は基準が明確で永住権を必ずしも求めず、非永住者の買い手によく使われる選択肢です。\n準備の仕方\n申込前に、安定収入と雇用の証明をそろえ、CIC・JICCで自分の信用情報を確認して、忘れていた延滞などの問題を洗い出しましょう。非永住者向けの条件は銀行差が大きいため複数比較し、頭金に加えて価格の6〜10%の諸費用も見込みましょう。\n永住権がない場合のルート\n永住権がなくても住宅ローンが不可能と決めつけず、専門のルートを整理しましょう。実務的な順序は、勤務先やデベロッパーの提携銀行→プレスティア（英語対応・最大5億円・保証料なし・購入と借換）→東京スター銀行（永住のない外国人向けに明示されたスターモーゲージ）→スルガ銀行（日本居住の外国人向け住宅ローン）→地方・取引銀行→国籍と在留の条件を満たせばフラット35、です。日本人配偶者や保証人のいる非永住者は、いない人より多くの銀行で検討され得ますが、配偶者は信用と返済能力の審査に代わりません。非永住者のプレミアムを、永住を待って後で借り換えるコストと不確実性と比べ、適格と決める前に各行の具体的な永住要件・頭金の想定・言語要件を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:rent-vs-buy-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:rent-vs-buy-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で賃貸か購入か","plainText":"滞在期間・職の安定・物件次第です。日本の多くの住宅は減価するため、まず住まい、次に投資と考えましょう。\n購入が自動的な資産形成にならない理由と、判断の枠組み。\n滞在期間と職の安定が判断の軸。\n日本の多くの住宅は減価し、売却も遅くなり得る。\n転居・出国の可能性があるなら賃貸が柔軟。\n月額でなく総コストと売却リスクを試算。\n正直な枠組み\n国によっては購入がほぼ確実に資産形成になりますが、日本はより微妙です。多くの住宅、特に古い木造は時間とともに減価し、売却のしやすさは立地で大きく異なるため、購入が自動的に投資の勝ちになるわけではありません。土地部分や優良地の物件は挙動が異なります。賃貸は柔軟で、仕事や居住国が変わり得る人には大きな意味があります。\n判断の仕方\n購入は、安定を重視し、永住権やフラット35を使え、全体像（頭金・諸費用6〜10%・維持管理費・固定資産税・金利リスク・現実的な売却額）を試算した長期居住者に向き得ます。数年以内に出国し得るなら、通常は柔軟性とコストの確実性で賃貸が有利です。営業の物語でなく、自分の数字で判断しましょう。\nシナリオで考える\n単一の損益分岐に頼らず、複数のシナリオを回しましょう。悲観・中央・楽観の売却額、値上がりゼロ、大規模修繕、3年・5年での早期売却です。賃貸側では月額家賃・更新料・敷金の損失・家賃上昇を、購入側では諸費用・住宅ローン・保有費用・売却額・売却費用・税効果・使わなかった現金の運用リターンを試算します。購入が有利になりがちなのは、想定保有期間が6〜10%の取引コストを吸収できるほど長く、大きな値引きなしに売れるほど物件の流動性が高いときだけです。まず保有期間と現金の厚さを決め、営業の物語でなく数字に判断させましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/loans/rent-vs-buy-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"faqs":["faq:loan-rent-vs-buy","faq:loan-closing-costs","faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","faq:loan-homes-depreciate"],"products":["product:flat-35"],"guides":["guide:mortgage-eligibility-foreigners","guide:rent-vs-buy-japan-guide","guide:cash-needed-to-buy-property"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国土交通省","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/totikensangyo_tk5_000085.html","official":true},{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"loans","text":"滞在期間・職の安定・物件次第です。日本の多くの住宅は減価するため、まず住まい、次に投資と考えましょう。\n購入が自動的な資産形成にならない理由と、判断の枠組み。\n滞在期間と職の安定が判断の軸。\n日本の多くの住宅は減価し、売却も遅くなり得る。\n転居・出国の可能性があるなら賃貸が柔軟。\n月額でなく総コストと売却リスクを試算。\n正直な枠組み\n国によっては購入がほぼ確実に資産形成になりますが、日本はより微妙です。多くの住宅、特に古い木造は時間とともに減価し、売却のしやすさは立地で大きく異なるため、購入が自動的に投資の勝ちになるわけではありません。土地部分や優良地の物件は挙動が異なります。賃貸は柔軟で、仕事や居住国が変わり得る人には大きな意味があります。\n判断の仕方\n購入は、安定を重視し、永住権やフラット35を使え、全体像（頭金・諸費用6〜10%・維持管理費・固定資産税・金利リスク・現実的な売却額）を試算した長期居住者に向き得ます。数年以内に出国し得るなら、通常は柔軟性とコストの確実性で賃貸が有利です。営業の物語でなく、自分の数字で判断しましょう。\nシナリオで考える\n単一の損益分岐に頼らず、複数のシナリオを回しましょう。悲観・中央・楽観の売却額、値上がりゼロ、大規模修繕、3年・5年での早期売却です。賃貸側では月額家賃・更新料・敷金の損失・家賃上昇を、購入側では諸費用・住宅ローン・保有費用・売却額・売却費用・税効果・使わなかった現金の運用リターンを試算します。購入が有利になりがちなのは、想定保有期間が6〜10%の取引コストを吸収できるほど長く、大きな値引きなしに売れるほど物件の流動性が高いときだけです。まず保有期間と現金の厚さを決め、営業の物語でなく数字に判断させましょう。","url":"/ja/loans/rent-vs-buy-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money:ja","entityId":"guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本から海外へ最も安く送金する方法","plainText":"受取総額を仲値と比較しましょう。個人送金ではWiseやRevolutが銀行送金より安いことが多いです。\n手数料より為替マージンが重要な理由と、比較の仕方。\n為替マージンは見える手数料より高くつくことが多い。\n宣伝手数料でなく受取額で比較。\nWiseは仲値、Revolutはマルチカレンシー向き。\n銀行送金はSWIFT・中継銀行手数料が隠れがち。\nコストが隠れる場所\n宣伝される送金手数料はしばしば小さい方です。より大きいのは為替マージン、つまり提示レートと本当の仲値との差で、基準レートと比較しない限り見えません。従来の銀行送金は、経路の途中でSWIFTや中継銀行の手数料を差し引くこともあります。コストを確実に判断する唯一の方法は、受取人が実際に受け取る金額です。\n最も安くなりがちな方法\n多くの個人送金では、Wise（仲値と明示手数料）やRevolut（両替枠つきのマルチカレンシー口座）が銀行送金より安くなります。最適は金額・通貨・送金先で変わるため、実際の送金を2社ほどで試し、受取額を比較しましょう。大口では上限や報告要件も確認を。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/cheapest-way-to-send-money","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":["faq:remit-cheapest","faq:remit-hidden-fees","faq:remit-large-transfer"],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:receiving-money-from-abroad"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本銀行","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"受取総額を仲値と比較しましょう。個人送金ではWiseやRevolutが銀行送金より安いことが多いです。\n手数料より為替マージンが重要な理由と、比較の仕方。\n為替マージンは見える手数料より高くつくことが多い。\n宣伝手数料でなく受取額で比較。\nWiseは仲値、Revolutはマルチカレンシー向き。\n銀行送金はSWIFT・中継銀行手数料が隠れがち。\nコストが隠れる場所\n宣伝される送金手数料はしばしば小さい方です。より大きいのは為替マージン、つまり提示レートと本当の仲値との差で、基準レートと比較しない限り見えません。従来の銀行送金は、経路の途中でSWIFTや中継銀行の手数料を差し引くこともあります。コストを確実に判断する唯一の方法は、受取人が実際に受け取る金額です。\n最も安くなりがちな方法\n多くの個人送金では、Wise（仲値と明示手数料）やRevolut（両替枠つきのマルチカレンシー口座）が銀行送金より安くなります。最適は金額・通貨・送金先で変わるため、実際の送金を2社ほどで試し、受取額を比較しましょう。大口では上限や報告要件も確認を。","url":"/ja/remittance/cheapest-way-to-send-money","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:receiving-money-from-abroad:ja","entityId":"guide:receiving-money-from-abroad","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外から日本でお金を受け取る","plainText":"専門サービスは銀行送金より多く届くことがあります。課税されるかは、それが所得か、そして居住者区分によります。\n海外資金を安く受け取る方法と、税・報告が関わる場面。\n口座に着金する金額で提供元を比較。\n自分の貯蓄の受取と所得の受取は別。\n非永住者は送金された国外所得が課税され得る。\n大口は資金源の書類が必要なことも。\n安く受け取る\n受け取り側にも同じマージンの理屈が働きます。専門サービスやマルチカレンシー口座は、為替マージンや中継手数料で目減りしがちな従来の被仕向送金より、多くの円を届けることが多いです。実際に日本の口座に着金する額で比較しましょう。各送金が何か（貯蓄・給与・贈与）を記録してください。税務上その区分が重要です。\n税務と報告\n着金が課税されるかは、その内容と居住者区分によります。自分の既存の貯蓄を移すのは通常は所得ではありませんが、海外の給与や事業所得の受取は課税され得ます。非永住者は、国外源泉所得を日本へ送金すると課税対象になり得ます。贈与・相続は別ルールです。大口は資金源の確認を招くことがあります。国外所得が絡む場合は国税庁や税理士で確認を。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/remittance/receiving-money-from-abroad","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"faqs":["faq:remit-overseas-income","faq:remit-multicurrency","faq:remit-large-transfer"],"products":["product:wise","product:revolut"],"guides":["guide:cheapest-way-to-send-money"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"日本銀行","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"remittance","text":"専門サービスは銀行送金より多く届くことがあります。課税されるかは、それが所得か、そして居住者区分によります。\n海外資金を安く受け取る方法と、税・報告が関わる場面。\n口座に着金する金額で提供元を比較。\n自分の貯蓄の受取と所得の受取は別。\n非永住者は送金された国外所得が課税され得る。\n大口は資金源の書類が必要なことも。\n安く受け取る\n受け取り側にも同じマージンの理屈が働きます。専門サービスやマルチカレンシー口座は、為替マージンや中継手数料で目減りしがちな従来の被仕向送金より、多くの円を届けることが多いです。実際に日本の口座に着金する額で比較しましょう。各送金が何か（貯蓄・給与・贈与）を記録してください。税務上その区分が重要です。\n税務と報告\n着金が課税されるかは、その内容と居住者区分によります。自分の既存の貯蓄を移すのは通常は所得ではありませんが、海外の給与や事業所得の受取は課税され得ます。非永住者は、国外源泉所得を日本へ送金すると課税対象になり得ます。贈与・相続は別ルールです。大口は資金源の確認を招くことがあります。国外所得が絡む場合は国税庁や税理士で確認を。","url":"/ja/remittance/receiving-money-from-abroad","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem:ja","entityId":"guide:choosing-a-point-ecosystem","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本でポイント経済圏を選ぶ","plainText":"銀行・カード・携帯に合う1つの経済圏を選びましょう。集中が分散に勝り、多くのポイントは約1円の価値です。\n1つの経済圏に集中し、ポイントを現実的に評価する方法。\n支出に合う1つの経済圏に集中。\n多くのポイントは約1円。失効・店舗限定で価値減。\nPayPay・楽天ペイは日常支出が最速で貯まる。\nポイントのために余計に使わない。\n集めるのでなく集中する\n日本の主要経済圏（楽天・PayPay・dポイント・Vポイント）は、カード・決済アプリ・買い物、多くは携帯プランを結びます。これらがそろうと特典が重なるため、勝ち筋は、すでに銀行・買い物・携帯で使っている経済圏を1つ選び、支出をそこに集約することです。複数に広げると積み上げが薄まり、失効しやすい小さな残高があちこちに残ります。\nポイントを正直に評価する\n主要ポイントは、日常の支払いに使えば1ポイント約1円と考えましょう。店舗限定や失効間近のポイントは割り引いて評価し、完璧なマイル交換を前提とした価値評価には慎重に。最も大切なのは、ポイントはどのみち行う支出へのささやかな非課税の割引であって、余計に使ったり不要な商品を作ったりする理由には決してならない、ということです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/points/choosing-a-point-ecosystem","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"faqs":["faq:points-which-ecosystem","faq:points-value","faq:points-expiry","faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten"],"products":["product:rakuten-card","product:epos-card"],"guides":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本銀行","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"points","text":"銀行・カード・携帯に合う1つの経済圏を選びましょう。集中が分散に勝り、多くのポイントは約1円の価値です。\n1つの経済圏に集中し、ポイントを現実的に評価する方法。\n支出に合う1つの経済圏に集中。\n多くのポイントは約1円。失効・店舗限定で価値減。\nPayPay・楽天ペイは日常支出が最速で貯まる。\nポイントのために余計に使わない。\n集めるのでなく集中する\n日本の主要経済圏（楽天・PayPay・dポイント・Vポイント）は、カード・決済アプリ・買い物、多くは携帯プランを結びます。これらがそろうと特典が重なるため、勝ち筋は、すでに銀行・買い物・携帯で使っている経済圏を1つ選び、支出をそこに集約することです。複数に広げると積み上げが薄まり、失効しやすい小さな残高があちこちに残ります。\nポイントを正直に評価する\n主要ポイントは、日常の支払いに使えば1ポイント約1円と考えましょう。店舗限定や失効間近のポイントは割り引いて評価し、完璧なマイル交換を前提とした価値評価には慎重に。最も大切なのは、ポイントはどのみち行う支出へのささやかな非課税の割引であって、余計に使ったり不要な商品を作ったりする理由には決してならない、ということです。","url":"/ja/points/choosing-a-point-ecosystem","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:crypto-tax-in-japan:ja","entityId":"guide:crypto-tax-in-japan","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の暗号資産の税金","plainText":"暗号資産の利益は雑所得として累進課税（住民税込みで最大約55%）。暗号資産同士の交換を含め、あらゆる処分が課税対象です。\n暗号資産が重く課税される理由と、課税対象になる取引。\n利益は雑所得。株式の約20%ではない。\n合計の最高税率は約55%に達し得る。\n売却・交換・支払いはすべて課税対象。\n全取引の詳細な記録を残す。\n課税の仕組み\n日本では暗号資産の利益は雑所得として、所得税の累進税率＋住民税で課税され、最上位区分では合計約55%に達し得ます。上場株式に適用される約20%の分離課税を大きく上回ります。暗号資産に特別な低税率はなく、NISAのような非課税もありません。この税制は、慎重になるべき最大の理由になることが多いです。\n課税対象になる取引\n課税対象は「処分」全般です。暗号資産を円で売る、ある暗号資産を別の暗号資産に交換する、暗号資産で商品・サービスを買う——いずれもその時点の円換算で損益が実現します。各取引に取得原価と円評価が必要なため、日付・数量・円換算額・手数料の詳細な記録が必須で、暗号資産の税計算ツールを使う人が多いです。活発に取引するなら税理士が有効です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/crypto/crypto-tax-in-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:crypto"],"faqs":["faq:crypto-tax","faq:crypto-record"],"products":["product:bitflyer","product:bitbank"],"guides":["guide:choosing-a-registered-exchange"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"crypto","text":"暗号資産の利益は雑所得として累進課税（住民税込みで最大約55%）。暗号資産同士の交換を含め、あらゆる処分が課税対象です。\n暗号資産が重く課税される理由と、課税対象になる取引。\n利益は雑所得。株式の約20%ではない。\n合計の最高税率は約55%に達し得る。\n売却・交換・支払いはすべて課税対象。\n全取引の詳細な記録を残す。\n課税の仕組み\n日本では暗号資産の利益は雑所得として、所得税の累進税率＋住民税で課税され、最上位区分では合計約55%に達し得ます。上場株式に適用される約20%の分離課税を大きく上回ります。暗号資産に特別な低税率はなく、NISAのような非課税もありません。この税制は、慎重になるべき最大の理由になることが多いです。\n課税対象になる取引\n課税対象は「処分」全般です。暗号資産を円で売る、ある暗号資産を別の暗号資産に交換する、暗号資産で商品・サービスを買う——いずれもその時点の円換算で損益が実現します。各取引に取得原価と円評価が必要なため、日付・数量・円換算額・手数料の詳細な記録が必須で、暗号資産の税計算ツールを使う人が多いです。活発に取引するなら税理士が有効です。","url":"/ja/crypto/crypto-tax-in-japan","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"guide:choosing-a-registered-exchange:ja","entityId":"guide:choosing-a-registered-exchange","entityType":"guide","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"登録済み暗号資産取引所を選ぶ","plainText":"利用は金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟の取引所（bitFlyer・bitbankなど）のみに。無登録の海外業者は保護を失い詐欺に多いです。\n金融庁登録が重要な理由と、無登録・詐欺を避ける方法。\n居住者向けは金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟の取引所のみ。\n入金前に金融庁の登録一覧を確認。\n無登録の海外業者は法的保護を失う。\n元本保証や「回収」サービスは詐欺。\n登録が重要な理由\n居住者に合法的にサービスを提供できるのは、金融庁に登録しJVCEAに加盟する取引所だけで、登録には保管・分別管理・消費者保護の義務が伴います。無登録の海外取引所を使うとこれらの保護を失い、税務や出金が複雑になり、詐欺の温床にもなりがちです。入金前に、金融庁の登録一覧にその取引所があるか必ず確認しましょう。\n詐欺を避ける\n元本保証や異常に高い利回りの提案はすべて詐欺と考えましょう。正当な暗号資産に保証された利回りはありません。偽の取引所アプリ、SNSの「投資コーチ」、恋愛を装う投資勧誘、そして特に手数料と引き換えに失った資金の「回収」を約束するサービス（被害者を狙う二次詐欺）に注意。まず少額で出金を試し、強固なセキュリティを設定し、向こうから連絡してきた相手に暗号資産を送らないこと。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/crypto/choosing-a-registered-exchange","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:crypto"],"faqs":["faq:crypto-registered","faq:crypto-fx-leverage"],"products":["product:bitflyer","product:bitbank"],"guides":["guide:crypto-tax-in-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本暗号資産取引業協会","url":"https://jvcea.or.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-24","type":"article","cluster":"crypto","text":"利用は金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟の取引所（bitFlyer・bitbankなど）のみに。無登録の海外業者は保護を失い詐欺に多いです。\n金融庁登録が重要な理由と、無登録・詐欺を避ける方法。\n居住者向けは金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟の取引所のみ。\n入金前に金融庁の登録一覧を確認。\n無登録の海外業者は法的保護を失う。\n元本保証や「回収」サービスは詐欺。\n登録が重要な理由\n居住者に合法的にサービスを提供できるのは、金融庁に登録しJVCEAに加盟する取引所だけで、登録には保管・分別管理・消費者保護の義務が伴います。無登録の海外取引所を使うとこれらの保護を失い、税務や出金が複雑になり、詐欺の温床にもなりがちです。入金前に、金融庁の登録一覧にその取引所があるか必ず確認しましょう。\n詐欺を避ける\n元本保証や異常に高い利回りの提案はすべて詐欺と考えましょう。正当な暗号資産に保証された利回りはありません。偽の取引所アプリ、SNSの「投資コーチ」、恋愛を装う投資勧誘、そして特に手数料と引き換えに失った資金の「回収」を約束するサービス（被害者を狙う二次詐欺）に注意。まず少額で出金を試し、強固なセキュリティを設定し、向こうから連絡してきた相手に暗号資産を送らないこと。","url":"/ja/crypto/choosing-a-registered-exchange","updated":"2026-07-24"},{"id":"faq:bank-documents:ja","entityId":"faq:bank-documents","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人が日本で銀行口座を開くには何が必要ですか？","plainText":"一般に在留カード、日本の住所、多くの場合は日本の電話番号と印鑑（またはサイン）が必要です。マイナンバーを求める銀行や、開設に6か月の在留を要する銀行もあります。ネット銀行（楽天銀行・ソニー銀行）や英語対応の銀行（SMBC信託銀行プレスティア）がよく最初の選択肢になります。条件は銀行ごとに異なるため、申込前に各社のページで確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#bank-documents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"出入国在留管理庁","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true},{"publisher":"一般社団法人 全国銀行協会","url":"https://www.zenginkyo.or.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"banking","text":"一般に在留カード、日本の住所、多くの場合は日本の電話番号と印鑑（またはサイン）が必要です。マイナンバーを求める銀行や、開設に6か月の在留を要する銀行もあります。ネット銀行（楽天銀行・ソニー銀行）や英語対応の銀行（SMBC信託銀行プレスティア）がよく最初の選択肢になります。条件は銀行ごとに異なるため、申込前に各社のページで確認してください。","url":"/ja/questions#bank-documents"},{"id":"faq:bank-english:ja","entityId":"faq:bank-english","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で英語サポートが手厚い銀行はどこですか？","plainText":"SMBC信託銀行プレスティアとソニー銀行が、英語対応・アプリ・外貨機能でよく挙げられます。楽天銀行やSBI新生銀行は一部英語対応です。メガバンクは多くの店舗で英語対応が限られます。英語対応が必須なら、変わることがあるため、アプリの言語や対応時間を各行の公式サイトで確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#bank-english","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社SMBC信託銀行","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"ソニー銀行株式会社","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"banking","text":"SMBC信託銀行プレスティアとソニー銀行が、英語対応・アプリ・外貨機能でよく挙げられます。楽天銀行やSBI新生銀行は一部英語対応です。メガバンクは多くの店舗で英語対応が限られます。英語対応が必須なら、変わることがあるため、アプリの言語や対応時間を各行の公式サイトで確認してください。","url":"/ja/questions#bank-english"},{"id":"faq:bank-online-vs-mega:ja","entityId":"faq:bank-online-vs-mega","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本ではネット銀行とメガバンク、どちらを使うべき？","plainText":"ネット銀行（楽天銀行・ソニー銀行・住信SBI）は手数料の安さ・アプリ・ポイントや投資との連携で有利なことが多いです。メガバンク（三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほ）は、店舗・法人口座・大手銀行が前提の取引に役立ちます。給与や公的用途にメガバンク、日常や貯蓄にネット銀行、と両方持つ人も多いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#bank-online-vs-mega","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本銀行","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"banking","text":"ネット銀行（楽天銀行・ソニー銀行・住信SBI）は手数料の安さ・アプリ・ポイントや投資との連携で有利なことが多いです。メガバンク（三菱UFJ・三井住友・みずほ）は、店舗・法人口座・大手銀行が前提の取引に役立ちます。給与や公的用途にメガバンク、日常や貯蓄にネット銀行、と両方持つ人も多いです。","url":"/ja/questions#bank-online-vs-mega"},{"id":"faq:bank-frozen:ja","entityId":"faq:bank-frozen","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の銀行口座が凍結・制限されるのはなぜ？","plainText":"よくある理由は、在留カードの期限切れや登録情報の未更新、不正・異常取引の疑い、長期未使用、マネロン対策の確認などです。住所や在留資格を銀行に更新し、本人確認の依頼には速やかに応じ、説明のつかない大口入金を避けましょう。制限された場合は、突然のメッセージ内のリンクではなく、銀行へ直接連絡してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#bank-frozen","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"出入国在留管理庁","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"banking","text":"よくある理由は、在留カードの期限切れや登録情報の未更新、不正・異常取引の疑い、長期未使用、マネロン対策の確認などです。住所や在留資格を銀行に更新し、本人確認の依頼には速やかに応じ、説明のつかない大口入金を避けましょう。制限された場合は、突然のメッセージ内のリンクではなく、銀行へ直接連絡してください。","url":"/ja/questions#bank-frozen"},{"id":"faq:bank-no-job:ja","entityId":"faq:bank-no-job","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"無職でも日本の銀行口座は開けますか？","plainText":"はい。基本的な預金口座の開設に就労は通常必須ではなく、在留カードと住所が中心の条件です。学生や被扶養者も普通に開設します。就労は口座開設よりも、クレジットカードやローンで重視されます。条件は銀行により異なるため、各行で確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#bank-no-job","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"],"personas":["persona:newcomer","persona:student"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人 全国銀行協会","url":"https://www.zenginkyo.or.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"banking","text":"はい。基本的な預金口座の開設に就労は通常必須ではなく、在留カードと住所が中心の条件です。学生や被扶養者も普通に開設します。就労は口座開設よりも、クレジットカードやローンで重視されます。条件は銀行により異なるため、各行で確認してください。","url":"/ja/questions#bank-no-job"},{"id":"faq:card-foreigner-approval:ja","entityId":"faq:card-foreigner-approval","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人でも日本でクレジットカードを作れますか？","plainText":"はい。審査は国籍ではなく、安定した収入と在留状況で判断されます。ただし海外の信用履歴は引き継がれないため、ゼロから始まります。作りやすい最初の1枚には楽天カードやエポスカードがあります。在留期間が長い・安定した職・日本の銀行口座があると通りやすくなります。在留カードの残存期間が長いことも有利です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#card-foreigner-approval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"はい。審査は国籍ではなく、安定した収入と在留状況で判断されます。ただし海外の信用履歴は引き継がれないため、ゼロから始まります。作りやすい最初の1枚には楽天カードやエポスカードがあります。在留期間が長い・安定した職・日本の銀行口座があると通りやすくなります。在留カードの残存期間が長いことも有利です。","url":"/ja/questions#card-foreigner-approval"},{"id":"faq:card-rejected:ja","entityId":"faq:card-rejected","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のクレジットカード審査に落ちたのはなぜ？","plainText":"発行会社は通常、個別の否決理由を開示しないため、収入・勤続・在留状況・国籍などの説明は推測にすぎません。申込内容が正確だったか確認し、反応的な複数申込を避け、再申込を判断する前にCIC・JICCで自分の登録情報を開示請求する方法もあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#card-rejected","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社日本信用情報機構","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"発行会社は通常、個別の否決理由を開示しないため、収入・勤続・在留状況・国籍などの説明は推測にすぎません。申込内容が正確だったか確認し、反応的な複数申込を避け、再申込を判断する前にCIC・JICCで自分の登録情報を開示請求する方法もあります。","url":"/ja/questions#card-rejected"},{"id":"faq:card-riborai:ja","entityId":"faq:card-riborai","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"リボ払いとは何ですか？避けるべき？","plainText":"リボ払いは残高を毎月少額に分割する一方、実質年率で高い利息（多くは年15%前後）がかかります。初期設定でオンだったり、ポイント特典で勧められることもあります。多くの人には避けるのが無難で、毎月「一括払い」を選べば利息はかかりません。カードの支払い設定を確認し、意図しない自動リボはオフにしましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#card-riborai","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"リボ払いは残高を毎月少額に分割する一方、実質年率で高い利息（多くは年15%前後）がかかります。初期設定でオンだったり、ポイント特典で勧められることもあります。多くの人には避けるのが無難で、毎月「一括払い」を選べば利息はかかりません。カードの支払い設定を確認し、意図しない自動リボはオフにしましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#card-riborai"},{"id":"faq:card-first-card:ja","entityId":"faq:card-first-card","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本での最初のクレジットカードは何が良い？","plainText":"最初の1枚は、審査の通りやすさではなく、発行会社が示す申込条件・固定費・支払設定・ポイントの使い道で比較します。楽天カードとエポスカードは、ポイント制度や機能が異なる年会費無料の例です。普段の支出に合うものを選び、最新条件を公式サイトで確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#card-first-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"最初の1枚は、審査の通りやすさではなく、発行会社が示す申込条件・固定費・支払設定・ポイントの使い道で比較します。楽天カードとエポスカードは、ポイント制度や機能が異なる年会費無料の例です。普段の支出に合うものを選び、最新条件を公式サイトで確認してください。","url":"/ja/questions#card-first-card"},{"id":"faq:card-annual-fee:ja","entityId":"faq:card-annual-fee","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"年会費のあるクレジットカードは日本で価値がありますか？","plainText":"特典を実際に使う場合に限ります。年会費ありのカードは、旅行保険・空港ラウンジ・高いポイント倍率・コンシェルジュなどで元を取れることもありますが、使わないなら年会費無料のカードが有利です。1年で実際に使う具体的な価値を合計し、年会費と比べましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#card-annual-fee","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"特典を実際に使う場合に限ります。年会費ありのカードは、旅行保険・空港ラウンジ・高いポイント倍率・コンシェルジュなどで元を取れることもありますが、使わないなら年会費無料のカードが有利です。1年で実際に使う具体的な価値を合計し、年会費と比べましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#card-annual-fee"},{"id":"faq:nisa-eligibility:ja","entityId":"faq:nisa-eligibility","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者でもNISA口座を開けますか？","plainText":"原則として、日本の税務上の居住者（マイナンバーあり）で18歳以上なら開設できます。NISAは国籍でなく居住に紐づくため、多くの外国人居住者が対象です。ただし大きな注意が2つ。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は日本の投信で米国税の問題があり、NISAは出国後は原則継続できません。適格性と最新ルールは金融庁と利用する証券会社で確認を。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#nisa-eligibility","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"personas":["persona:newcomer","persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"investing","text":"原則として、日本の税務上の居住者（マイナンバーあり）で18歳以上なら開設できます。NISAは国籍でなく居住に紐づくため、多くの外国人居住者が対象です。ただし大きな注意が2つ。米国市民・グリーンカード保有者は日本の投信で米国税の問題があり、NISAは出国後は原則継続できません。適格性と最新ルールは金融庁と利用する証券会社で確認を。","url":"/ja/questions#nisa-eligibility"},{"id":"faq:nisa-leaving-japan:ja","entityId":"faq:nisa-leaving-japan","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本を離れたらNISAはどうなりますか？","plainText":"NISAは居住者向けの制度です。日本の税務上の居住者でなくなると、原則として新たな拠出はできず、口座を閉鎖するか凍結するか売却が必要かは証券会社で異なります（一定期間の海外転出継続を認める場合もあります）。解消時の税務も重要なため、残高が大きくなる前に出国計画を立て、証券会社の海外居住者向け方針を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#nisa-leaving-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"personas":["persona:leaving-japan","persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"investing","text":"NISAは居住者向けの制度です。日本の税務上の居住者でなくなると、原則として新たな拠出はできず、口座を閉鎖するか凍結するか売却が必要かは証券会社で異なります（一定期間の海外転出継続を認める場合もあります）。解消時の税務も重要なため、残高が大きくなる前に出国計画を立て、証券会社の海外居住者向け方針を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#nisa-leaving-japan"},{"id":"faq:nisa-us-citizen:ja","entityId":"faq:nisa-us-citizen","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"米国市民はNISAや日本の投資信託を使うべき？","plainText":"慎重に。日本の投資信託やETFは米国税制上ほぼPFIC（受動的外国投資会社）に該当し、懲罰的な課税と重いForm 8621の報告を招きます。NISAの非課税は米国には適用されません。日本在住の米国関係者の多くは日本のファンドを避け、米国籍の資産を持ちますが、ルールは複雑です。投資前に日米クロスボーダー税務の専門家に相談を。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#nisa-us-citizen","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"personas":["persona:us-person","persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"investing","text":"慎重に。日本の投資信託やETFは米国税制上ほぼPFIC（受動的外国投資会社）に該当し、懲罰的な課税と重いForm 8621の報告を招きます。NISAの非課税は米国には適用されません。日本在住の米国関係者の多くは日本のファンドを避け、米国籍の資産を持ちますが、ルールは複雑です。投資前に日米クロスボーダー税務の専門家に相談を。","url":"/ja/questions#nisa-us-citizen"},{"id":"faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q:ja","entityId":"faq:nisa-vs-ideco-q","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAとiDeCo、どちらを先に使うべき？","plainText":"目的が異なります。NISAは柔軟で、運用益が非課税でいつでも引き出せるため、最初の選択になりがちです。iDeCoは今の税制優遇が大きい（掛金が課税所得を減らす）一方、原則60歳まで引き出せず、老後資金の積立に向きます。柔軟性のためまずNISA、60歳前に使わない自信があれば控除目当てにiDeCoを足す人が多いです。出国の可能性があるなら、iDeCoの拘束は大きな難点です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#nisa-vs-ideco-q","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"investing","text":"目的が異なります。NISAは柔軟で、運用益が非課税でいつでも引き出せるため、最初の選択になりがちです。iDeCoは今の税制優遇が大きい（掛金が課税所得を減らす）一方、原則60歳まで引き出せず、老後資金の積立に向きます。柔軟性のためまずNISA、60歳前に使わない自信があれば控除目当てにiDeCoを足す人が多いです。出国の可能性があるなら、iDeCoの拘束は大きな難点です。","url":"/ja/questions#nisa-vs-ideco-q"},{"id":"faq:invest-beginner-fund:ja","entityId":"faq:invest-beginner-fund","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAの中で初心者は何に投資すべき？","plainText":"これは教育情報で、推奨ではありません。初心者の多くは、低コストで幅広く分散されたインデックス投信（全世界株式やS&P500など）を調べます。個別株選びより、手数料の低さと分散は自分で管理でき、リターンは管理できないためです。値は上下すること、リスクを投資期間に合わせること、近く必要なお金は投資しないことを理解しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#invest-beginner-fund","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"investing","text":"これは教育情報で、推奨ではありません。初心者の多くは、低コストで幅広く分散されたインデックス投信（全世界株式やS&P500など）を調べます。個別株選びより、手数料の低さと分散は自分で管理でき、リターンは管理できないためです。値は上下すること、リスクを投資期間に合わせること、近く必要なお金は投資しないことを理解しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#invest-beginner-fund"},{"id":"faq:tax-resident-status:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-resident-status","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の税務上の居住者区分はどう決まる？","plainText":"税務上、日本は在留資格とは別に、非居住者・非永住者・永住者に区分します。おおまかに、非居住者は日本源泉所得のみ課税、非永住者（過去10年で日本在住5年以下で永住意思なし）は日本源泉所得＋日本での支払い・送金分の国外所得に課税、税務上の永住者は全世界所得に課税されます。国外所得や投資に影響するため、区分は国税庁や税理士で確認を。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-resident-status","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"税務上、日本は在留資格とは別に、非居住者・非永住者・永住者に区分します。おおまかに、非居住者は日本源泉所得のみ課税、非永住者（過去10年で日本在住5年以下で永住意思なし）は日本源泉所得＋日本での支払い・送金分の国外所得に課税、税務上の永住者は全世界所得に課税されます。国外所得や投資に影響するため、区分は国税庁や税理士で確認を。","url":"/ja/questions#tax-resident-status"},{"id":"faq:tax-need-to-file:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-need-to-file","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で確定申告は必要ですか？","plainText":"多くの会社員は年末調整で完結するため不要です。副収入が20万円超、給与が2か所以上、自営の所得、まとまった投資・暗号資産の利益がある場合、または医療費控除や初年度の住宅ローン控除などを受けたい場合は、原則として確定申告が必要です。申告期間は2月16日〜3月15日でe-Taxを利用できます。不明なときは国税庁の案内や税理士に確認を。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-need-to-file","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:freelancer","persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.e-tax.nta.go.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"多くの会社員は年末調整で完結するため不要です。副収入が20万円超、給与が2か所以上、自営の所得、まとまった投資・暗号資産の利益がある場合、または医療費控除や初年度の住宅ローン控除などを受けたい場合は、原則として確定申告が必要です。申告期間は2月16日〜3月15日でe-Taxを利用できます。不明なときは国税庁の案内や税理士に確認を。","url":"/ja/questions#tax-need-to-file"},{"id":"faq:tax-resident-tax-timing:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-resident-tax-timing","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"なぜ2年目に住民税の請求が大きく来たの？","plainText":"住民税（約10%）は前年の所得に基づき、稼いだ翌年に課税されます。そのため1年目は負担が少なく、2年目に1年目の所得分の請求が来ます。同じ時差により、退職や出国の後でも住民税が発生することがあります。あらかじめ備えておきましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-resident-tax-timing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:newcomer","persona:leaving-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"住民税（約10%）は前年の所得に基づき、稼いだ翌年に課税されます。そのため1年目は負担が少なく、2年目に1年目の所得分の請求が来ます。同じ時差により、退職や出国の後でも住民税が発生することがあります。あらかじめ備えておきましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#tax-resident-tax-timing"},{"id":"faq:tax-furusato:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-furusato","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ふるさと納税とは？やる価値はある？","plainText":"ふるさと納税は、自治体に寄付して返礼品（食品・物品）を受け取りつつ、寄付額のほぼ全額を住民税・所得税から控除できる制度です。実質2,000円の自己負担で返礼品を得られます。十分な所得のある多くの納税者にとって有利で、控除上限は所得や家族構成で決まります。公式ルールと上限シミュレーターを使い、控除に必要な書類（ワンストップ特例または確定申告）を保管しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-furusato","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1155.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"ふるさと納税は、自治体に寄付して返礼品（食品・物品）を受け取りつつ、寄付額のほぼ全額を住民税・所得税から控除できる制度です。実質2,000円の自己負担で返礼品を得られます。十分な所得のある多くの納税者にとって有利で、控除上限は所得や家族構成で決まります。公式ルールと上限シミュレーターを使い、控除に必要な書類（ワンストップ特例または確定申告）を保管しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#tax-furusato"},{"id":"faq:tax-crypto:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-crypto","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で暗号資産はどう課税される？","plainText":"暗号資産の利益は雑所得として累進税率で課税され、住民税と合わせて最大約55%になり得ます。上場株式の約20%の分離課税とは異なります。円への売却、暗号資産同士の交換、暗号資産での支払いなど、あらゆる処分が課税対象です。取得原価を追跡して損益を計算する必要があるため記録ツールが重要で、取引が多い場合は税理士への相談が有効です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-crypto","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"暗号資産の利益は雑所得として累進税率で課税され、住民税と合わせて最大約55%になり得ます。上場株式の約20%の分離課税とは異なります。円への売却、暗号資産同士の交換、暗号資産での支払いなど、あらゆる処分が課税対象です。取得原価を追跡して損益を計算する必要があるため記録ツールが重要で、取引が多い場合は税理士への相談が有効です。","url":"/ja/questions#tax-crypto"},{"id":"faq:tax-200000-rule:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-200000-rule","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"副収入20万円ルールは売上と利益のどっち？","plainText":"売上ではなく必要経費控除後の所得で判定します。1か所給与の会社員は、給与・退職以外の所得（経費控除後）が20万円を超えると原則、国の確定申告が必要です。ちょうど20万円では発生せず「超える」場合です。重要な点として、20万円以下でも自治体は通常その所得の住民税申告を求めるため、20万円特例は所得税のみの緩和です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-200000-rule","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1900.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"売上ではなく必要経費控除後の所得で判定します。1か所給与の会社員は、給与・退職以外の所得（経費控除後）が20万円を超えると原則、国の確定申告が必要です。ちょうど20万円では発生せず「超える」場合です。重要な点として、20万円以下でも自治体は通常その所得の住民税申告を求めるため、20万円特例は所得税のみの緩和です。","url":"/ja/questions#tax-200000-rule"},{"id":"faq:tax-deduction-vs-credit:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-deduction-vs-credit","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"所得控除と税額控除の違いは？","plainText":"所得控除は課税される所得を減らすため、価値はおおよそ限界税率×控除額です。20%の人の30万円の医療費控除は国税で約6万円、加えて住民税も少し減ります。住宅ローン控除などの税額控除は算出税額を直接減らすため、30万円の税額控除は最大30万円の減税になり得ます。控除額がそのまま還付される訳ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-deduction-vs-credit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1199.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"所得控除は課税される所得を減らすため、価値はおおよそ限界税率×控除額です。20%の人の30万円の医療費控除は国税で約6万円、加えて住民税も少し減ります。住宅ローン控除などの税額控除は算出税額を直接減らすため、30万円の税額控除は最大30万円の減税になり得ます。控除額がそのまま還付される訳ではありません。","url":"/ja/questions#tax-deduction-vs-credit"},{"id":"faq:tax-medical-deduction:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-medical-deduction","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"医療費控除はどう使う？","plainText":"本人や生計を一にする家族のためにその年に払った対象医療費から、補填と10万円（総所得200万円未満なら5%）のしきい値を引いた額を、上限200万円で控除します。例：費用50万円−補填10万円−しきい値10万円＝30万円。年末調整ではなく確定申告で、明細書を提出し領収書は5年保管します。同一年にセルフメディケーション税制とは併用できません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-medical-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1120.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"本人や生計を一にする家族のためにその年に払った対象医療費から、補填と10万円（総所得200万円未満なら5%）のしきい値を引いた額を、上限200万円で控除します。例：費用50万円−補填10万円−しきい値10万円＝30万円。年末調整ではなく確定申告で、明細書を提出し領収書は5年保管します。同一年にセルフメディケーション税制とは併用できません。","url":"/ja/questions#tax-medical-deduction"},{"id":"faq:tax-yea-vs-return:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-yea-vs-return","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"年末調整と確定申告は同じ？","plainText":"いいえ。年末調整は、会社が支払った給与の所得税を、基礎・配偶者・扶養・社会保険料・保険料控除を適用して精算する手続きです。確定申告は本人が全所得を申告するものです。年末調整後でも、20万円超の副収入・医療費・ワンストップを超える寄付・住宅ローン控除初年度は申告が必要です。年末調整は未申告の副業・不動産・国外・投資所得を精算しません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-yea-vs-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/users/gensen/nencho/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"いいえ。年末調整は、会社が支払った給与の所得税を、基礎・配偶者・扶養・社会保険料・保険料控除を適用して精算する手続きです。確定申告は本人が全所得を申告するものです。年末調整後でも、20万円超の副収入・医療費・ワンストップを超える寄付・住宅ローン控除初年度は申告が必要です。年末調整は未申告の副業・不動産・国外・投資所得を精算しません。","url":"/ja/questions#tax-yea-vs-return"},{"id":"faq:tax-late-filing:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-late-filing","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"申告や納付が遅れたらどうなる？","plainText":"期限後でも期限後申告でき、税務署に接触される前の自主申告なら無申告加算税は軽くなります。別に延滞税が期限の翌日から未納の税に発生し、2026年はおおむね当初2.8%、その後9.1%です。仮装隠蔽には重い重加算税がかかります。払えない場合は放置せず、納税の猶予（最長1年）を税務署に相談してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-late-filing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2024.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/nozei/entaizei/keisan/entai.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"期限後でも期限後申告でき、税務署に接触される前の自主申告なら無申告加算税は軽くなります。別に延滞税が期限の翌日から未納の税に発生し、2026年はおおむね当初2.8%、その後9.1%です。仮装隠蔽には重い重加算税がかかります。払えない場合は放置せず、納税の猶予（最長1年）を税務署に相談してください。","url":"/ja/questions#tax-late-filing"},{"id":"faq:tax-consumption-threshold:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-consumption-threshold","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"消費税1,000万円は利益で判定するの？","plainText":"いいえ。利益ではなく基準期間（個人は原則2年前）の課税売上で判定します。薄利で回転の高い事業は課税事業者になり得え、少額請求で高利益のコンサルはならないこともあります。免税は、特定期間の判定・課税事業者選択・事業承継、そして重要な点として適格請求書発行事業者への登録によっても失われ、登録すると売上に関係なく課税事業者になります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-consumption-threshold","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"いいえ。利益ではなく基準期間（個人は原則2年前）の課税売上で判定します。薄利で回転の高い事業は課税事業者になり得え、少額請求で高利益のコンサルはならないこともあります。免税は、特定期間の判定・課税事業者選択・事業承継、そして重要な点として適格請求書発行事業者への登録によっても失われ、登録すると売上に関係なく課税事業者になります。","url":"/ja/questions#tax-consumption-threshold"},{"id":"faq:tax-invoice-register:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-invoice-register","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"インボイス登録はすべき？","plainText":"取引先次第です。適格請求書発行事業者に登録すると、取引先はあなたへの支払いで仕入税額控除を受けられますが、あなたは免税だった消費税の納税義務を負います。仕入税額控除が必要な事業者からの売上割合や、失注・値引きのリスクを、税・事務負担と比べます。経過的な2割特例で初期の負担を抑えられます。初回登録は税理士に相談すべき論点です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-invoice-register","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"取引先次第です。適格請求書発行事業者に登録すると、取引先はあなたへの支払いで仕入税額控除を受けられますが、あなたは免税だった消費税の納税義務を負います。仕入税額控除が必要な事業者からの売上割合や、失注・値引きのリスクを、税・事務負担と比べます。経過的な2割特例で初期の負担を抑えられます。初回登録は税理士に相談すべき論点です。","url":"/ja/questions#tax-invoice-register"},{"id":"faq:tax-stock-losses:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-stock-losses","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"株の損失で節税できる？","plainText":"申告すれば可能です。上場株式の損失は、上場株式の利益や（選択で）対象配当と通算でき、残額は最大3年繰り越せますが、利益のない年も含め繰越期間中は毎年申告した場合に限ります。NISAの損失は課税口座の利益と通算できず、損失利用の申告は住民税の指標にも所得が加わり国保料を上げ得る点に注意。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-stock-losses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1463.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"申告すれば可能です。上場株式の損失は、上場株式の利益や（選択で）対象配当と通算でき、残額は最大3年繰り越せますが、利益のない年も含め繰越期間中は毎年申告した場合に限ります。NISAの損失は課税口座の利益と通算できず、損失利用の申告は住民税の指標にも所得が加わり国保料を上げ得る点に注意。","url":"/ja/questions#tax-stock-losses"},{"id":"faq:tax-us-citizen:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-us-citizen","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"在日の米国市民ですが米国の申告も必要？","plainText":"原則として必要です。米国は市民・グリーンカード保有者の全世界所得に、日本居住中でも課税するため、通常は両国で申告します。外国税額控除や外国所得除外は二重課税を緩和しますが米国申告で請求します。日本の口座やファンドはFBAR・FATCA・PFICの論点を生じさせ、日本の税務ソフトでは扱えません。日本の税理士と米国のCPA/EAを併用しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-us-citizen","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:us-person"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"米国内国歳入庁（IRS）","url":"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/us-citizens-and-resident-aliens-abroad","official":true},{"publisher":"財務省","url":"https://www.mof.go.jp/tax_policy/summary/international/tax_convention/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"原則として必要です。米国は市民・グリーンカード保有者の全世界所得に、日本居住中でも課税するため、通常は両国で申告します。外国税額控除や外国所得除外は二重課税を緩和しますが米国申告で請求します。日本の口座やファンドはFBAR・FATCA・PFICの論点を生じさせ、日本の税務ソフトでは扱えません。日本の税理士と米国のCPA/EAを併用しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#tax-us-citizen"},{"id":"faq:tax-leaving-japan:ja","entityId":"faq:tax-leaving-japan","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"出国するとき税金でやることは？","plainText":"出国前に出国年の申告を済ませるか、納税管理人を選任して出国後に日本国内から申告します。前年分の住民税は出国後も残るため、市区町村と納付を手配します。出国税の該当（特定金融資産1億円で及び得る）を確認し、厚生年金があれば脱退一時金を検討します。退職所得課税を適用することで、源泉徴収された20.42%の多くを納税管理人経由で還付できることが多いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#tax-leaving-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"],"personas":["persona:leaving-japan"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1923.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/12004.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"tax","text":"出国前に出国年の申告を済ませるか、納税管理人を選任して出国後に日本国内から申告します。前年分の住民税は出国後も残るため、市区町村と納付を手配します。出国税の該当（特定金融資産1億円で及び得る）を確認し、厚生年金があれば脱退一時金を検討します。退職所得課税を適用することで、源泉徴収された20.42%の多くを納税管理人経由で還付できることが多いです。","url":"/ja/questions#tax-leaving-japan"},{"id":"faq:freelance-open:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-open","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本でフリーランス（個人事業主）として開業するには？","plainText":"事業開始からおよそ1か月以内に、所轄の税務署へ開業届を提出します（無料で簡単です）。同時に青色申告承認申請書を出すと、最大65万円の控除が使えます。その仕事が認められる在留資格ならビザはそのままですが、自営に許可が要る資格もあるため、まず在留資格を確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-open","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"出入国在留管理庁","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"事業開始からおよそ1か月以内に、所轄の税務署へ開業届を提出します（無料で簡単です）。同時に青色申告承認申請書を出すと、最大65万円の控除が使えます。その仕事が認められる在留資格ならビザはそのままですが、自営に許可が要る資格もあるため、まず在留資格を確認してください。","url":"/ja/questions#freelance-open"},{"id":"faq:freelance-blue-return:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-blue-return","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"青色申告とは？やる価値はある？","plainText":"青色申告は、きちんとした帳簿づけに報いる申告方式です。複式簿記を電子申告すれば、所得から最大65万円を控除でき、損失を3年間繰り越せ、家族への給与も経費にできます。代わりに記帳の手間が増えますが、クラウド会計ソフトが大部分を自動化します。安定収入のある多くのフリーランスにとって、節税効果は手間を明確に上回ります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-blue-return","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"青色申告は、きちんとした帳簿づけに報いる申告方式です。複式簿記を電子申告すれば、所得から最大65万円を控除でき、損失を3年間繰り越せ、家族への給与も経費にできます。代わりに記帳の手間が増えますが、クラウド会計ソフトが大部分を自動化します。安定収入のある多くのフリーランスにとって、節税効果は手間を明確に上回ります。","url":"/ja/questions#freelance-blue-return"},{"id":"faq:freelance-invoice:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-invoice","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスはインボイス制度に登録すべき？","plainText":"取引先次第です。登録すると登録番号（T番号）が得られ、事業者である取引先はあなたへの支払いで仕入税額控除を受けられます。ただし登録すると消費税の課税事業者になり、コストと事務が増えます。取引先が消費者や免税の小規模事業者なら、登録は利点なくコストだけ増えることも。適格請求書を求める企業が取引先なら、未登録は失注につながり得ます。取引先構成で判断を。未登録事業者からの仕入れに対する経過措置の控除は段階的に縮小します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-invoice","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"取引先次第です。登録すると登録番号（T番号）が得られ、事業者である取引先はあなたへの支払いで仕入税額控除を受けられます。ただし登録すると消費税の課税事業者になり、コストと事務が増えます。取引先が消費者や免税の小規模事業者なら、登録は利点なくコストだけ増えることも。適格請求書を求める企業が取引先なら、未登録は失注につながり得ます。取引先構成で判断を。未登録事業者からの仕入れに対する経過措置の控除は段階的に縮小します。","url":"/ja/questions#freelance-invoice"},{"id":"faq:freelance-reserve:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-reserve","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスは税金のためにどれくらい積み立てるべき？","plainText":"目安として、利益の20〜35%を、所得税・住民税・国民年金・国民健康保険の合計として積み立てるとよいです。所得税は累進のため、所得が上がるほど比率も上げます。住民税や健康保険料は前年基準で請求されるため、支払いは所得に遅れて来ます。申告時にまとめて向き合うのではなく、毎月別口座に取り分けておきましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-reserve","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"目安として、利益の20〜35%を、所得税・住民税・国民年金・国民健康保険の合計として積み立てるとよいです。所得税は累進のため、所得が上がるほど比率も上げます。住民税や健康保険料は前年基準で請求されるため、支払いは所得に遅れて来ます。申告時にまとめて向き合うのではなく、毎月別口座に取り分けておきましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#freelance-reserve"},{"id":"faq:freelance-health-insurance:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-health-insurance","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で自営のとき、年金と健康保険はどうなる？","plainText":"個人事業主は原則、国民健康保険と国民年金に加入し、いずれも自己負担で支払います（会社との折半はありません）。国民年金は定額、国民健康保険は所得連動で自治体が請求します。不足を補うため、国民年金基金・iDeCo・就業不能保険などの任意の備えを足せます。これらも税金の積立に含めて計画しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-health-insurance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本年金機構","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"個人事業主は原則、国民健康保険と国民年金に加入し、いずれも自己負担で支払います（会社との折半はありません）。国民年金は定額、国民健康保険は所得連動で自治体が請求します。不足を補うため、国民年金基金・iDeCo・就業不能保険などの任意の備えを足せます。これらも税金の積立に含めて計画しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#freelance-health-insurance"},{"id":"faq:freelance-what-taxes:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-what-taxes","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のフリーランスはどんな税金を払う？","plainText":"個人事業主は、経費と控除を引いた事業所得に対する国の所得税（累進）と住民税（約10%）を払い、加えて国民年金と国民健康保険を自分で負担します。課税売上が1,000万円を超える、またはインボイス登録をすると消費税が加わります。住民税や健康保険料は前年基準のため、支払いは所得に遅れます。基礎控除や各種の壁は近年の改正で動いているため、税率と控除は毎年確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-what-taxes","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"個人事業主は、経費と控除を引いた事業所得に対する国の所得税（累進）と住民税（約10%）を払い、加えて国民年金と国民健康保険を自分で負担します。課税売上が1,000万円を超える、またはインボイス登録をすると消費税が加わります。住民税や健康保険料は前年基準のため、支払いは所得に遅れます。基礎控除や各種の壁は近年の改正で動いているため、税率と控除は毎年確認してください。","url":"/ja/questions#freelance-what-taxes"},{"id":"faq:freelance-consumption-tax-when:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-consumption-tax-when","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスはいつ消費税を払う？","plainText":"原則は、基準期間（個人なら2年前）の課税売上が1,000万円を超えるまで免税事業者です。前年上半期の特定期間の判定でも課税事業者になり得ます。ただしインボイス登録をしてT番号を発行すると、1,000万円以下でも課税事業者になります。課税事業者は簡易課税や時限の2割特例で計算を軽くできることが多く、いずれも日付に敏感で2026〜2029年にかけ見直し中です。自分の課税年を国税庁または税理士で確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-consumption-tax-when","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shohi/6501.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"原則は、基準期間（個人なら2年前）の課税売上が1,000万円を超えるまで免税事業者です。前年上半期の特定期間の判定でも課税事業者になり得ます。ただしインボイス登録をしてT番号を発行すると、1,000万円以下でも課税事業者になります。課税事業者は簡易課税や時限の2割特例で計算を軽くできることが多く、いずれも日付に敏感で2026〜2029年にかけ見直し中です。自分の課税年を国税庁または税理士で確認してください。","url":"/ja/questions#freelance-consumption-tax-when"},{"id":"faq:freelance-which-software:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-which-software","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスに向いた会計ソフトは？","plainText":"freee・マネーフォワード クラウド・弥生は、いずれも銀行・カードを取り込み、複式簿記を作り、青色申告書類とe-Taxデータを出力します。freeeは案内型で初心者向け、マネーフォワード クラウドは柔軟で連携が豊富、弥生は実績が長く税理士の習熟が広いです。3つとも画面は日本語のみのため、多少の日本語や助けを見込みましょう。ブランドや表示価格ではなく、現行プランをプラン単位で比較し、体験版で試してから選びましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-which-software","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"フリー株式会社","url":"https://www.freee.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社マネーフォワード","url":"https://biz.moneyforward.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"弥生株式会社","url":"https://www.yayoi-kk.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"freee・マネーフォワード クラウド・弥生は、いずれも銀行・カードを取り込み、複式簿記を作り、青色申告書類とe-Taxデータを出力します。freeeは案内型で初心者向け、マネーフォワード クラウドは柔軟で連携が豊富、弥生は実績が長く税理士の習熟が広いです。3つとも画面は日本語のみのため、多少の日本語や助けを見込みましょう。ブランドや表示価格ではなく、現行プランをプラン単位で比較し、体験版で試してから選びましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#freelance-which-software"},{"id":"faq:freelance-retirement-toolkit:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-retirement-toolkit","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"自営業者は退職準備をどう節税しながら行う？","plainText":"自営業者は控除できる制度を重ねられます。小規模企業共済は月1,000〜70,000円（年最大84万円）を全額控除で積み立て、廃業・引退時に受け取ります。iDeCoは自営業者なら月最大68,000円を拠出でき、この枠は国民年金基金と共通です。付加年金は国の年金を安く増やします。いずれも今年の課税所得を下げつつ自分の備えを作ります。一時金の受取時期のルールは相互に影響するため、大きな受取は専門家と計画しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-retirement-toolkit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"独立行政法人 中小企業基盤整備機構","url":"https://www.smrj.go.jp/kyosai/skyosai/","official":true},{"publisher":"国民年金基金連合会","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"自営業者は控除できる制度を重ねられます。小規模企業共済は月1,000〜70,000円（年最大84万円）を全額控除で積み立て、廃業・引退時に受け取ります。iDeCoは自営業者なら月最大68,000円を拠出でき、この枠は国民年金基金と共通です。付加年金は国の年金を安く増やします。いずれも今年の課税所得を下げつつ自分の備えを作ります。一時金の受取時期のルールは相互に影響するため、大きな受取は専門家と計画しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#freelance-retirement-toolkit"},{"id":"faq:freelance-withholding:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-withholding","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスの報酬から税金が引かれるのはなぜ？","plainText":"個人に支払われる一定の報酬——原稿・デザイン・翻訳・講演や一部の士業報酬など——について、支払う会社は源泉所得税（約10.21%）を差し引き、あなたに代わって納付します。そのため入金は請求額より少なくなります。これは損ではなく前払いです。申告時に、取引先ごとの支払調書に示された源泉税を合計し納税額から差し引くため、しばしば還付になります。取引先ごとに源泉を記録し、全額を精算して二重払いを避けましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-withholding","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"個人に支払われる一定の報酬——原稿・デザイン・翻訳・講演や一部の士業報酬など——について、支払う会社は源泉所得税（約10.21%）を差し引き、あなたに代わって納付します。そのため入金は請求額より少なくなります。これは損ではなく前払いです。申告時に、取引先ごとの支払調書に示された源泉税を合計し納税額から差し引くため、しばしば還付になります。取引先ごとに源泉を記録し、全額を精算して二重払いを避けましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#freelance-withholding"},{"id":"faq:freelance-side-business:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-side-business","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"会社員の副業は確定申告が必要？","plainText":"よく言われる20万円以下でも必要な場合があります。あの数字は、年末調整で完結する一部の会社員の国の所得税の申告義務に関するもので、非課税枠ではありません。自治体への住民税申告は別途必要なことがあります。その所得が事業所得（青色申告・損益通算が使える）か雑所得かは、事業的に運営し適切に記帳しているかで主に決まります。本当の事業にするなら、最初から開業届を出し複式簿記で記録しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-side-business","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1350.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"よく言われる20万円以下でも必要な場合があります。あの数字は、年末調整で完結する一部の会社員の国の所得税の申告義務に関するもので、非課税枠ではありません。自治体への住民税申告は別途必要なことがあります。その所得が事業所得（青色申告・損益通算が使える）か雑所得かは、事業的に運営し適切に記帳しているかで主に決まります。本当の事業にするなら、最初から開業届を出し複式簿記で記録しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#freelance-side-business"},{"id":"faq:freelance-what-expenses:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-what-expenses","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスは何を経費にできる？","plainText":"事業所得を得るために実際に支出した費用——消耗品、ソフトのサブスク、専門家報酬、取引先への交通費、通信費など——は、領収書を残し事業目的を示せれば経費にできます。生活と仕事の両方に使う費用（自宅の家賃・光熱費、電話、車）は、面積や使用時間など合理的で記録できる割合で家事按分します。安価な道具は一括経費、高額な機材は耐用年数で減価償却します。少額資産の基準や耐用年数は国税庁が定め変わるため、最新の数値を確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-what-expenses","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2210.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"事業所得を得るために実際に支出した費用——消耗品、ソフトのサブスク、専門家報酬、取引先への交通費、通信費など——は、領収書を残し事業目的を示せれば経費にできます。生活と仕事の両方に使う費用（自宅の家賃・光熱費、電話、車）は、面積や使用時間など合理的で記録できる割合で家事按分します。安価な道具は一括経費、高額な機材は耐用年数で減価償却します。少額資産の基準や耐用年数は国税庁が定め変わるため、最新の数値を確認してください。","url":"/ja/questions#freelance-what-expenses"},{"id":"faq:freelance-incorporate-when:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-incorporate-when","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスはいつ法人化すべき？","plainText":"唯一の魔法の数字はありません。利益が高く安定し、法人税のメリットが増える固定費を上回る時、そして多くは税以外の理由——採用・資金調達・大型契約・消費税の時期・法人としか取引しない相手——も重なった時が目安です。法人は設立費用、赤字でもかかる均等割、社会保険の強制加入、複雑な会計、通常は税理士が加わります。決める前に、個人と法人での税・社会保険の結果を税理士と試算しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-incorporate-when","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true},{"publisher":"法務省・法務局","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/houjintouki.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"唯一の魔法の数字はありません。利益が高く安定し、法人税のメリットが増える固定費を上回る時、そして多くは税以外の理由——採用・資金調達・大型契約・消費税の時期・法人としか取引しない相手——も重なった時が目安です。法人は設立費用、赤字でもかかる均等割、社会保険の強制加入、複雑な会計、通常は税理士が加わります。決める前に、個人と法人での税・社会保険の結果を税理士と試算しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#freelance-incorporate-when"},{"id":"faq:freelance-kk-vs-gk:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-kk-vs-gk","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"株式会社と合同会社、どちらを設立すべき？","plainText":"合同会社（GK）は設立も運営も安く簡単で（定款認証が不要、登録免許税も低め）、有限責任は同じため、多くの一人創業者はここから始めます。株式会社（KK）は費用が高い一方、社会的信用が最も高く、株式発行で資金調達ができ、投資や株式会社を好む企業取引先を見込むなら有効です。合同会社は後で株式会社へ組織変更できます。費用・資本金・機関のルールは法定で変わるため、申請前に現行要件を確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-kk-vs-gk","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"法務省・法務局","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/houjintouki.html","official":true},{"publisher":"経済産業省","url":"https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/newbusiness/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"合同会社（GK）は設立も運営も安く簡単で（定款認証が不要、登録免許税も低め）、有限責任は同じため、多くの一人創業者はここから始めます。株式会社（KK）は費用が高い一方、社会的信用が最も高く、株式発行で資金調達ができ、投資や株式会社を好む企業取引先を見込むなら有効です。合同会社は後で株式会社へ組織変更できます。費用・資本金・機関のルールは法定で変わるため、申請前に現行要件を確認してください。","url":"/ja/questions#freelance-kk-vs-gk"},{"id":"faq:freelance-family-salary:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-family-salary","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"配偶者や家族への給与は経費にできる？","plainText":"通常、家族への給与は経費にできませんが、青色申告者は、事業に専従する家族（青色事業専従者）への給与を、事前に必要な届出を出し仕事に見合う妥当な金額であれば経費にできます。その給与は家族本人の課税所得になり、「事業に専従」の条件は実質的で、別にフルタイムの職がある人への名目給与は認められません。届出を期限内に出し、相場に整合する金額を実際に支払い記録を残して、説明できる形にしましょう。過大な家族給与は調査対象です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-family-salary","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2075.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"通常、家族への給与は経費にできませんが、青色申告者は、事業に専従する家族（青色事業専従者）への給与を、事前に必要な届出を出し仕事に見合う妥当な金額であれば経費にできます。その給与は家族本人の課税所得になり、「事業に専従」の条件は実質的で、別にフルタイムの職がある人への名目給与は認められません。届出を期限内に出し、相場に整合する金額を実際に支払い記録を残して、説明できる形にしましょう。過大な家族給与は調査対象です。","url":"/ja/questions#freelance-family-salary"},{"id":"faq:freelance-subsidies:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-subsidies","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"個人事業や小規模事業に補助金・助成金はある？","plainText":"あります。中小企業庁や各省庁の補助金は、設備・IT導入・事業の持続化などを対象に、競争的で上限と自己負担があり、多くは支出後に精算されます。助成金は多くが厚生労働省で要件充足型、採用や労働条件に紐づくことが多いです。jGrantsや中小企業庁などの公式ポータルで探し、自治体や商工会議所の制度も確認しましょう。多くは後払いのため資金の谷を見込み、見積・請求書・支払証憑を残します。目的外利用は返還になり得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-subsidies","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"デジタル庁・中小企業庁","url":"https://www.jgrants-portal.go.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"経済産業省 中小企業庁","url":"https://www.chusho.meti.go.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"あります。中小企業庁や各省庁の補助金は、設備・IT導入・事業の持続化などを対象に、競争的で上限と自己負担があり、多くは支出後に精算されます。助成金は多くが厚生労働省で要件充足型、採用や労働条件に紐づくことが多いです。jGrantsや中小企業庁などの公式ポータルで探し、自治体や商工会議所の制度も確認しましょう。多くは後払いのため資金の谷を見込み、見積・請求書・支払証憑を残します。目的外利用は返還になり得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#freelance-subsidies"},{"id":"faq:freelance-visa:ja","entityId":"faq:freelance-visa","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"今の在留資格でフリーランスや会社経営はできる？","plainText":"在留資格によります。永住者や一部の配偶者・定住の資格は概して幅広い自営が可能です。活動に基づく就労ビザは特定の就労を認めるもので、独立したフリーランスや自分の会社の経営は、変更や許可なしには含まれないことがあります。留学生や家族滞在は許可された活動の範囲でのみ働けます。会社経営は通常「経営・管理」資格に向かい、実在の事務所・事業計画・見直し中の資本/規模要件が求められます。税の開業届は入管の許可を与えないため、まず出入国在留管理庁または有資格の専門家で自分の資格を確認してください。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#freelance-visa","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"],"personas":["persona:freelancer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"出入国在留管理庁","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/applications/status/businessmanager.html","official":true},{"publisher":"出入国在留管理庁","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"freelancers","text":"在留資格によります。永住者や一部の配偶者・定住の資格は概して幅広い自営が可能です。活動に基づく就労ビザは特定の就労を認めるもので、独立したフリーランスや自分の会社の経営は、変更や許可なしには含まれないことがあります。留学生や家族滞在は許可された活動の範囲でのみ働けます。会社経営は通常「経営・管理」資格に向かい、実在の事務所・事業計画・見直し中の資本/規模要件が求められます。税の開業届は入管の許可を与えないため、まず出入国在留管理庁または有資格の専門家で自分の資格を確認してください。","url":"/ja/questions#freelance-visa"},{"id":"faq:insurance-public-enough:ja","entityId":"faq:insurance-public-enough","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の公的健康保険で十分？それとも民間保険が必要？","plainText":"多くの人にとって公的健康保険の保障は手厚く、多くの医療費の自己負担は約3割で、高額療養費制度が月の自己負担に所得別の上限を設けるため、大病でも上限があります。民間の医療・がん保険は主に上乗せ部分（就業不能中の収入・先進医療・入院給付など）を補います。漠然とした不安ではなく、自分で賄えない具体的な不足を埋めるために民間保険を選びましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#insurance-public-enough","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"多くの人にとって公的健康保険の保障は手厚く、多くの医療費の自己負担は約3割で、高額療養費制度が月の自己負担に所得別の上限を設けるため、大病でも上限があります。民間の医療・がん保険は主に上乗せ部分（就業不能中の収入・先進医療・入院給付など）を補います。漠然とした不安ではなく、自分で賄えない具体的な不足を埋めるために民間保険を選びましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#insurance-public-enough"},{"id":"faq:insurance-high-cost:ja","entityId":"faq:insurance-high-cost","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"高額療養費制度とは何ですか？","plainText":"所得に応じて、1か月あたりの医療費の自己負担に上限を設ける公的制度です。対象の医療費が月の上限を超えると、超過分が払い戻されます（限度額適用認定証を事前に提示すれば、そもそも超過分を請求されません）。これが、多くの人にとって手厚い民間医療保険が不要な理由です。公的な上限が高額な負担を抑えます。上限額は所得区分ごとに定まるため最新の基準を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#insurance-high-cost","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"所得に応じて、1か月あたりの医療費の自己負担に上限を設ける公的制度です。対象の医療費が月の上限を超えると、超過分が払い戻されます（限度額適用認定証を事前に提示すれば、そもそも超過分を請求されません）。これが、多くの人にとって手厚い民間医療保険が不要な理由です。公的な上限が高額な負担を抑えます。上限額は所得区分ごとに定まるため最新の基準を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#insurance-high-cost"},{"id":"faq:insurance-life-needed:ja","entityId":"faq:insurance-life-needed","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で生命保険は必要ですか？","plainText":"生命保険が主に意味を持つのは、あなたの収入に頼る人がいる場合です（配偶者・子ども、住宅ローンなど負債を抱える扶養家族）。誰も収入に頼っていなければ不要なことが多いです。必要な場合、定期保険が費用効率の良い選択で、一定期間を低い保険料で保障します。終身保険は貯蓄を含み高コストです。公的年金にも遺族給付があるため、保険金額を決める前に考慮しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#insurance-life-needed","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":["persona:family"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"生命保険が主に意味を持つのは、あなたの収入に頼る人がいる場合です（配偶者・子ども、住宅ローンなど負債を抱える扶養家族）。誰も収入に頼っていなければ不要なことが多いです。必要な場合、定期保険が費用効率の良い選択で、一定期間を低い保険料で保障します。終身保険は貯蓄を含み高コストです。公的年金にも遺族給付があるため、保険金額を決める前に考慮しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#insurance-life-needed"},{"id":"faq:insurance-earthquake:ja","entityId":"faq:insurance-earthquake","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の住宅保険は地震を補償しますか？","plainText":"いいえ。通常の火災保険は地震による損害を対象外とします。地震保険は、火災保険に付帯する別建ての政府関与の特約で、保険金は建物・家財の評価額の一定割合（一般に30〜50%）が上限です。日本の地震リスクを考えると、特に持ち家では検討に値しますが、完全な再建ではなく生活再建の支えとして設計されている点を理解しましょう。上限と免責を証券で確認を。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#insurance-earthquake","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":["persona:family"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/hoken/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"いいえ。通常の火災保険は地震による損害を対象外とします。地震保険は、火災保険に付帯する別建ての政府関与の特約で、保険金は建物・家財の評価額の一定割合（一般に30〜50%）が上限です。日本の地震リスクを考えると、特に持ち家では検討に値しますが、完全な再建ではなく生活再建の支えとして設計されている点を理解しましょう。上限と免責を証券で確認を。","url":"/ja/questions#insurance-earthquake"},{"id":"faq:insurance-foreigner:ja","entityId":"faq:insurance-foreigner","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者でも日本で民間保険に入れますか？","plainText":"はい。居住者は一般に、民間の生命・医療・自動車・住宅保険に加入できます。英語対応や英語での申込を提供する保険会社もあります。公的な健康保険・年金への加入は国籍を問わず義務です。実務上の壁は主に言語と、公的保障で既にカバーされる範囲の理解です。埋めたい具体的な不足を比較し、英語対応や条件を保険会社に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#insurance-foreigner","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"はい。居住者は一般に、民間の生命・医療・自動車・住宅保険に加入できます。英語対応や英語での申込を提供する保険会社もあります。公的な健康保険・年金への加入は国籍を問わず義務です。実務上の壁は主に言語と、公的保障で既にカバーされる範囲の理解です。埋めたい具体的な不足を比較し、英語対応や条件を保険会社に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#insurance-foreigner"},{"id":"faq:insurance-copay-share:ja","entityId":"faq:insurance-copay-share","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本では医療費の何割を自己負担しますか？","plainText":"公的医療保険の窓口負担は、年齢・所得に応じて原則1〜3割で、その上で高額療養費が適用されます。現役世代は通常3割、未就学児や多くの高齢者はより低い割合です。高額療養費が暦月内の対象自己負担に上限を設けるため、大病でも上限があります。差額ベッド代・食事・保険外診療はこの対象外で全額負担です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#insurance-copay-share","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/juuyou/kougakuiryou/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"公的医療保険の窓口負担は、年齢・所得に応じて原則1〜3割で、その上で高額療養費が適用されます。現役世代は通常3割、未就学児や多くの高齢者はより低い割合です。高額療養費が暦月内の対象自己負担に上限を設けるため、大病でも上限があります。差額ベッド代・食事・保険外診療はこの対象外で全額負担です。","url":"/ja/questions#insurance-copay-share"},{"id":"faq:insurance-cancer-waiting:ja","entityId":"faq:insurance-cancer-waiting","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"がん保険の待機期間とは？","plainText":"がん保険は加入後おおむね90日の待機（不担保）期間を設けることが一般的です。その期間に約款の定めで診断されたがんは通常対象外で、既往のがんは除外されます。待機期間の起算点、上皮内がんや再発の扱い、外来・先進医療給付の有無を確認しましょう。同名の商品でも支払条件は大きく異なります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#insurance-cancer-waiting","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"がん保険は加入後おおむね90日の待機（不担保）期間を設けることが一般的です。その期間に約款の定めで診断されたがんは通常対象外で、既往のがんは除外されます。待機期間の起算点、上皮内がんや再発の扱い、外来・先進医療給付の有無を確認しましょう。同名の商品でも支払条件は大きく異なります。","url":"/ja/questions#insurance-cancer-waiting"},{"id":"faq:insurance-term-vs-whole:ja","entityId":"faq:insurance-term-vs-whole","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"定期保険と終身保険、どちらを選ぶべき？","plainText":"必要に形を合わせます。定期保険は安く一定期間を保障するため、子育てや住宅ローン返済など一時的な必要に向きます。終身保険は高いが一生涯続き解約返戻金を持ち得るため、葬儀費用や相続の流動性など生涯続く必要に向きます。扶養期間に大きな定期を、生涯続く必要がある場合のみ小さな終身を組み合わせるのが効率的な定番です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#insurance-term-vs-whole","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"必要に形を合わせます。定期保険は安く一定期間を保障するため、子育てや住宅ローン返済など一時的な必要に向きます。終身保険は高いが一生涯続き解約返戻金を持ち得るため、葬儀費用や相続の流動性など生涯続く必要に向きます。扶養期間に大きな定期を、生涯続く必要がある場合のみ小さな終身を組み合わせるのが効率的な定番です。","url":"/ja/questions#insurance-term-vs-whole"},{"id":"faq:insurance-cali-enough:ja","entityId":"faq:insurance-cali-enough","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"自賠責保険だけで十分ですか？","plainText":"いいえ。自賠責保険は事故の被害者の死傷を法定限度まで補償するのみで、対物・自車・限度超の賠償は対象外です。任意保険は無制限の対人・対物賠償、搭乗者傷害、車両損害、弁護士費用、ロードサービスを加えます。多くの運転者にとって、対人・対物を無制限にすることが最重要の不足です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#insurance-cali-enough","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国土交通省","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jidosha/anzen/04relief/jibai/insurance.html","official":true},{"publisher":"日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/insurance/jidosha/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"いいえ。自賠責保険は事故の被害者の死傷を法定限度まで補償するのみで、対物・自車・限度超の賠償は対象外です。任意保険は無制限の対人・対物賠償、搭乗者傷害、車両損害、弁護士費用、ロードサービスを加えます。多くの運転者にとって、対人・対物を無制限にすることが最重要の不足です。","url":"/ja/questions#insurance-cali-enough"},{"id":"faq:insurance-bicycle-mandatory:ja","entityId":"faq:insurance-bicycle-mandatory","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で自転車保険は義務ですか？","plainText":"自治体の条例によります。東京都をはじめ多くの都道府県が、対象の自転車利用者に賠償保険の加入を義務付けています。自転車事故は高額賠償になり得るためです。単体の保険を買う前に、自動車・火災・借家・カード・勤務先・学校・共済の世帯個人賠償特約で既に要件を満たしていないか確認し、二重加入を避けましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#insurance-bicycle-mandatory","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"東京都","url":"https://www.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"自治体の条例によります。東京都をはじめ多くの都道府県が、対象の自転車利用者に賠償保険の加入を義務付けています。自転車事故は高額賠償になり得るためです。単体の保険を買う前に、自動車・火災・借家・カード・勤務先・学校・共済の世帯個人賠償特約で既に要件を満たしていないか確認し、二重加入を避けましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#insurance-bicycle-mandatory"},{"id":"faq:insurance-card-travel:ja","entityId":"faq:insurance-card-travel","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"クレジットカードの旅行保険に頼れますか？","plainText":"毎回、付帯条件を確認したうえでのみ頼れます。カードの旅行保険は利用付帯（対象の旅行費用をそのカードで支払った場合のみ有効）のことがあり、本人のみ・低い治療限度・取消なしの場合があります。発行会社が適用条件や限度を変えることもあります。補完と考え、出発前に確認し、高額な渡航先では不足分を単体保険で補いましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#insurance-card-travel","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"毎回、付帯条件を確認したうえでのみ頼れます。カードの旅行保険は利用付帯（対象の旅行費用をそのカードで支払った場合のみ有効）のことがあり、本人のみ・低い治療限度・取消なしの場合があります。発行会社が適用条件や限度を変えることもあります。補完と考え、出発前に確認し、高額な渡航先では不足分を単体保険で補いましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#insurance-card-travel"},{"id":"faq:insurance-pet-preexisting:ja","entityId":"faq:insurance-pet-preexisting","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ペットの既往症はペット保険で補償されますか？","plainText":"一般に補償されません。ペット保険は既往症を除外し、関連する将来の疾患も除外され得ます。予防的ケアやワクチンも通常は対象外です。保険を望むなら、後から既往症は入れられないため、若く健康なうちに加入します。補償割合・年間や日額の限度・免責・待機期間・年齢での再算定を、専用の治療費積立と比較しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#insurance-pet-preexisting","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"一般に補償されません。ペット保険は既往症を除外し、関連する将来の疾患も除外され得ます。予防的ケアやワクチンも通常は対象外です。保険を望むなら、後から既往症は入れられないため、若く健康なうちに加入します。補償割合・年間や日額の限度・免責・待機期間・年齢での再算定を、専用の治療費積立と比較しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#insurance-pet-preexisting"},{"id":"faq:insurance-cancel-timing:ja","entityId":"faq:insurance-cancel-timing","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"新しい保険を申し込んだら、いつ旧契約を解約できますか？","plainText":"新しい保障が完全に整うまで解約しません。乗り換えを申し込んだだけで既存の医療・生命保険を解約してはいけません。新しい保険会社が契約を引き受け、補償が開始し、特別な不担保をすべて理解し、クーリングオフや初回保険料の条件が解決するまで待ちます。先に解約すると、新規申込が割増・謝絶になった場合に無保険・加入不能になり得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#insurance-cancel-timing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"新しい保障が完全に整うまで解約しません。乗り換えを申し込んだだけで既存の医療・生命保険を解約してはいけません。新しい保険会社が契約を引き受け、補償が開始し、特別な不担保をすべて理解し、クーリングオフや初回保険料の条件が解決するまで待ちます。先に解約すると、新規申込が割増・謝絶になった場合に無保険・加入不能になり得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#insurance-cancel-timing"},{"id":"faq:insurance-cooling-off:ja","entityId":"faq:insurance-cooling-off","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の保険のクーリングオフとは？","plainText":"クーリングオフは、一定の保険申込を所定の期間・方法で撤回できる法定または契約上の権利です。すべての契約に適用されるわけではなく、短期・強制・即時・事業性・更新などの取引は対象外のことがあります。新契約を自由に解約できると考える前に、注意喚起情報で正確な期間・方法・例外を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#insurance-cooling-off","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"クーリングオフは、一定の保険申込を所定の期間・方法で撤回できる法定または契約上の権利です。すべての契約に適用されるわけではなく、短期・強制・即時・事業性・更新などの取引は対象外のことがあります。新契約を自由に解約できると考える前に、注意喚起情報で正確な期間・方法・例外を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#insurance-cooling-off"},{"id":"faq:insurance-leave-japan:ja","entityId":"faq:insurance-leave-japan","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本を離れると保険と年金はどうなりますか？","plainText":"契約や制度により異なるため、それぞれ書面で確認します。民間契約は、海外で継続できるか、保険料の払込方法、通知の送付先、日本の住所・口座が必要かを確認します。国民健康保険は市区町村で脱退します。年金は、対象の外国人が離日から2年以内に脱退一時金を請求できることが多いですが、請求すると算入期間が消滅し得るため、社会保障協定による記録保持と比較しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#insurance-leave-japan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本年金機構","url":"https://www.nenkin.go.jp/international/japanese-system/withdrawalpayment/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/kenkou_iryou/iryouhoken/iryouhoken01/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"insurance","text":"契約や制度により異なるため、それぞれ書面で確認します。民間契約は、海外で継続できるか、保険料の払込方法、通知の送付先、日本の住所・口座が必要かを確認します。国民健康保険は市区町村で脱退します。年金は、対象の外国人が離日から2年以内に脱退一時金を請求できることが多いですが、請求すると算入期間が消滅し得るため、社会保障協定による記録保持と比較しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#insurance-leave-japan"},{"id":"faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-mortgage-no-pr","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"永住権なしでも日本で住宅ローンは組めますか？","plainText":"難しくはなりますが可能です。多くの銀行は永住権を強く重視し、ない場合は頭金の増額・日本人配偶者の連帯保証・一部での否決に直面し得ます。住宅金融支援機構のフラット35は基準が明確で永住権を必ずしも求めないため、非永住者にはよく使われる選択肢です。安定した長期雇用と収入が決め手になります。条件は銀行差が大きいため複数比較を。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-mortgage-no-pr","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":["persona:newcomer"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"難しくはなりますが可能です。多くの銀行は永住権を強く重視し、ない場合は頭金の増額・日本人配偶者の連帯保証・一部での否決に直面し得ます。住宅金融支援機構のフラット35は基準が明確で永住権を必ずしも求めないため、非永住者にはよく使われる選択肢です。安定した長期雇用と収入が決め手になります。条件は銀行差が大きいため複数比較を。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-mortgage-no-pr"},{"id":"faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-fixed-vs-floating","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の住宅ローンは固定と変動、どちらが良い？","plainText":"万能の正解はありません。変動金利は水準が低く当初の返済を抑えますが、上昇すれば将来の返済が増えます。固定金利（フラット35を含む）は今のコストは高めでも、期間中の安心を固定し、金利上昇に備えられます。返済増をどれだけ吸収できるかで選びましょう。上昇が家計を圧迫するなら、固定の安心は上乗せ分に見合います。決める前に両方を試算しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-fixed-vs-floating","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"万能の正解はありません。変動金利は水準が低く当初の返済を抑えますが、上昇すれば将来の返済が増えます。固定金利（フラット35を含む）は今のコストは高めでも、期間中の安心を固定し、金利上昇に備えられます。返済増をどれだけ吸収できるかで選びましょう。上昇が家計を圧迫するなら、固定の安心は上乗せ分に見合います。決める前に両方を試算しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-fixed-vs-floating"},{"id":"faq:loan-closing-costs:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-closing-costs","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で不動産を買うときの諸費用は？","plainText":"頭金に加えて、価格のおよそ6〜10%を諸費用として見込みましょう。仲介手数料、登記・司法書士費用、ローン保証料・事務手数料、印紙税、不動産取得税・固定資産税、火災・地震保険などです。新築と中古で費用は異なります。見落としやすいため、契約前に項目別の見積もりを取りましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://w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次第のため、非課税と決めつけず国税庁や税理士で確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#remit-overseas-income","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"personas":["persona:us-person"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"remittance","text":"内容と税務上の居住者区分によります。海外の給与や事業所得は課税され得ますし、非永住者でも国外源泉所得は日本での支払い・送金分の範囲で課税対象になります。贈与や相続には別のルールがあります。自分の貯蓄を受け取ることと、所得を受け取ることは異なります。事実関係次第のため、非課税と決めつけず国税庁や税理士で確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#remit-overseas-income"},{"id":"faq:remit-multicurrency:ja","entityId":"faq:remit-multicurrency","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"WiseやRevolutのようなマルチカレンシー口座を使うべき？","plainText":"複数通貨を日常的に扱う人（残高保有・海外での利用・外貨受取）には便利で、為替マージンを抑え良いレートで両替できます。ただし日本の銀行口座の完全な代替ではありません（給与・家賃の口座振替・多くの国内サービスには国内口座が必要）。国内銀行と併用する人が多いです。最新の手数料・上限・預金保護を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#remit-multicurrency","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:remittance"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Revolut","url":"https://www.revolut.com/ja-JP/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"remittance","text":"複数通貨を日常的に扱う人（残高保有・海外での利用・外貨受取）には便利で、為替マージンを抑え良いレートで両替できます。ただし日本の銀行口座の完全な代替ではありません（給与・家賃の口座振替・多くの国内サービスには国内口座が必要）。国内銀行と併用する人が多いです。最新の手数料・上限・預金保護を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#remit-multicurrency"},{"id":"faq:points-which-ecosystem:ja","entityId":"faq:points-which-ecosystem","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本ではどのポイント経済圏を選ぶべき？","plainText":"すでに買い物・銀行で使っている経済圏を選びましょう。楽天で買い物し楽天銀行・カードを使うなら楽天経済圏が積み上がり、ドコモならdポイント、コード決済やYahoo/ソフトバンク中心ならPayPay、SMBC系ならVポイントが合います。カード・決済・買い物がそろうと特典が重なるため、複数に薄く広げるより1つの強い経済圏に集中する方が有利です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#points-which-ecosystem","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"すでに買い物・銀行で使っている経済圏を選びましょう。楽天で買い物し楽天銀行・カードを使うなら楽天経済圏が積み上がり、ドコモならdポイント、コード決済やYahoo/ソフトバンク中心ならPayPay、SMBC系ならVポイントが合います。カード・決済・買い物がそろうと特典が重なるため、複数に薄く広げるより1つの強い経済圏に集中する方が有利です。","url":"/ja/questions#points-which-ecosystem"},{"id":"faq:points-value:ja","entityId":"faq:points-value","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本でポイントの実際の価値はどれくらい？","plainText":"主要ポイント（楽天・PayPay・d・V）は日常の支払いに使えば1ポイント約1円で、価値を見積もりやすいです。条件の良い交換でマイルにすると価値が上がることもあり、特定店限定や期限間際だと下がります。基本は1円を目安にし、完璧な交換を前提とした「割高」な価値評価には慎重になりましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#points-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"主要ポイント（楽天・PayPay・d・V）は日常の支払いに使えば1ポイント約1円で、価値を見積もりやすいです。条件の良い交換でマイルにすると価値が上がることもあり、特定店限定や期限間際だと下がります。基本は1円を目安にし、完璧な交換を前提とした「割高」な価値評価には慎重になりましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#points-value"},{"id":"faq:points-expiry:ja","entityId":"faq:points-expiry","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のポイントは失効する？失わないコツは？","plainText":"多くは失効します。獲得から一定期間で失効するものや、キャンペーンの「期間限定ポイント」のように通常より早く失効するものがあります。失わないコツは、1つの経済圏に集中して残高を活性化させ、期間限定ポイントは日用品で早めに使い、アプリで失効ルールを確認することです。使い切るために余計に使うのは本末転倒です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#points-expiry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"多くは失効します。獲得から一定期間で失効するものや、キャンペーンの「期間限定ポイント」のように通常より早く失効するものがあります。失わないコツは、1つの経済圏に集中して残高を活性化させ、期間限定ポイントは日用品で早めに使い、アプリで失効ルールを確認することです。使い切るために余計に使うのは本末転倒です。","url":"/ja/questions#points-expiry"},{"id":"faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten:ja","entityId":"faq:points-paypay-vs-rakuten","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"PayPayと楽天、日常使いはどちらが良い？","plainText":"向く生活が異なります。PayPayはQRコード決済アプリで、多数の小規模店やコンビニで使え、その場の日常支払いやYahoo/ソフトバンク利用者に向きます。楽天は買い物・銀行・カード・モバイル・証券にまたがる広い経済圏で、支出を集約するほど報われます。対面の少額中心ならPayPayが便利、ネット購入が多くサービス横断の積み上げを狙うなら楽天が忠誠に報いがちです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#points-paypay-vs-rakuten","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"向く生活が異なります。PayPayはQRコード決済アプリで、多数の小規模店やコンビニで使え、その場の日常支払いやYahoo/ソフトバンク利用者に向きます。楽天は買い物・銀行・カード・モバイル・証券にまたがる広い経済圏で、支出を集約するほど報われます。対面の少額中心ならPayPayが便利、ネット購入が多くサービス横断の積み上げを狙うなら楽天が忠誠に報いがちです。","url":"/ja/questions#points-paypay-vs-rakuten"},{"id":"faq:crypto-registered:ja","entityId":"faq:crypto-registered","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で合法的に使える暗号資産取引所は？","plainText":"居住者に合法的にサービスを提供できるのは、金融庁に登録しJVCEAに加盟する取引所だけです（bitFlyer、bitbank、Coincheckなど）。未登録の海外取引所の利用は、日本の法的・消費者保護を失い、税務や出金を複雑にします。入金前に、金融庁の登録一覧に載っているか必ず確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#crypto-registered","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:crypto"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true},{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本暗号資産取引業協会","url":"https://jvcea.or.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"crypto","text":"居住者に合法的にサービスを提供できるのは、金融庁に登録しJVCEAに加盟する取引所だけです（bitFlyer、bitbank、Coincheckなど）。未登録の海外取引所の利用は、日本の法的・消費者保護を失い、税務や出金を複雑にします。入金前に、金融庁の登録一覧に載っているか必ず確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#crypto-registered"},{"id":"faq:crypto-tax:ja","entityId":"faq:crypto-tax","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で暗号資産の利益にはどれくらい税金がかかる？","plainText":"暗号資産の利益は雑所得として、所得税の累進税率＋住民税で課税され、最上位では合計約55%に達し得ます。上場株式の約20%を大きく上回ります。特別な低税率はなく、株式と違いNISAの非課税もありません。円への売却・暗号資産同士の交換・暗号資産での支払いなど、あらゆる処分が課税対象のため、全取引で損益計算が必要です。記録を徹底し、活発に取引するなら税理士を検討しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#crypto-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:crypto"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"crypto","text":"暗号資産の利益は雑所得として、所得税の累進税率＋住民税で課税され、最上位では合計約55%に達し得ます。上場株式の約20%を大きく上回ります。特別な低税率はなく、株式と違いNISAの非課税もありません。円への売却・暗号資産同士の交換・暗号資産での支払いなど、あらゆる処分が課税対象のため、全取引で損益計算が必要です。記録を徹底し、活発に取引するなら税理士を検討しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#crypto-tax"},{"id":"faq:crypto-record:ja","entityId":"faq:crypto-record","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で暗号資産の税務記録はどう残す？","plainText":"取引ごとに、日付・種類（購入/売却/交換/支払い）・数量・その時点の円換算額・手数料を記録しましょう。日本は各処分に課税し、取得原価の計算（一般に移動平均法または総平均法）が必要だからです。取引所のCSV出力と暗号資産の税計算ツールを使うと、複数プラットフォームの取引を集約できます。申告の裏付けを求められた場合に備え、正確な記録が不可欠です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#crypto-record","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:crypto"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/publication/pamph/pdf/virtual_currency_faq_03.pdf","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"crypto","text":"取引ごとに、日付・種類（購入/売却/交換/支払い）・数量・その時点の円換算額・手数料を記録しましょう。日本は各処分に課税し、取得原価の計算（一般に移動平均法または総平均法）が必要だからです。取引所のCSV出力と暗号資産の税計算ツールを使うと、複数プラットフォームの取引を集約できます。申告の裏付けを求められた場合に備え、正確な記録が不可欠です。","url":"/ja/questions#crypto-record"},{"id":"faq:crypto-fx-leverage:ja","entityId":"faq:crypto-fx-leverage","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の個人向けFXのレバレッジはどう機能する？","plainText":"国内の個人向けFXのレバレッジは規制で上限があり、一般に25倍です。これにより、預託金で持てるポジションの大きさが制限されます。レバレッジは利益も損失も拡大し、急変動では追証や預託金を超える損失を招くことがあります。FXは高リスクで、失って困るお金には不向きです。はるかに高いレバレッジを掲げる無登録の海外業者に注意しましょう。保護を失い、詐欺に使われがちです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#crypto-fx-leverage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:crypto"],"personas":["persona:investor"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"crypto","text":"国内の個人向けFXのレバレッジは規制で上限があり、一般に25倍です。これにより、預託金で持てるポジションの大きさが制限されます。レバレッジは利益も損失も拡大し、急変動では追証や預託金を超える損失を招くことがあります。FXは高リスクで、失って困るお金には不向きです。はるかに高いレバレッジを掲げる無登録の海外業者に注意しましょう。保護を失い、詐欺に使われがちです。","url":"/ja/questions#crypto-fx-leverage"},{"id":"faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-points-vs-cashback","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本でポイントとキャッシュバックは何が違う？","plainText":"ポイントは指定の店・アプリ・交換で使えるプログラム発行の単位で、通常の支払いで1ポイント約1円です。キャッシュバックは明細値引きや現金同等の残高として戻るお金です。ポイントは店舗ボーナスや旅行交換で上回り得ますが、失効・価値低下・用途制限を伴います。キャッシュバックは単純で確実です。ポイントは広告上の最大値でなく、現実に交換できる価値で評価しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-points-vs-cashback","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"ポイントは指定の店・アプリ・交換で使えるプログラム発行の単位で、通常の支払いで1ポイント約1円です。キャッシュバックは明細値引きや現金同等の残高として戻るお金です。ポイントは店舗ボーナスや旅行交換で上回り得ますが、失効・価値低下・用途制限を伴います。キャッシュバックは単純で確実です。ポイントは広告上の最大値でなく、現実に交換できる価値で評価しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-points-vs-cashback"},{"id":"faq:rewards-point-value:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-point-value","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"1ポイントは常に1円？","plainText":"いいえ。多くの主要ポイントは店舗や事業者のモールで使えば約1円ですが、マイル・商品・別通貨への交換では1円をかなり下回ることがあります。nanacoのような店舗限定残高は同じ名目率でも柔軟性が劣ります。実際に使う交換方法で評価しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-point-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"いいえ。多くの主要ポイントは店舗や事業者のモールで使えば約1円ですが、マイル・商品・別通貨への交換では1円をかなり下回ることがあります。nanacoのような店舗限定残高は同じ名目率でも柔軟性が劣ります。実際に使う交換方法で評価しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-point-value"},{"id":"faq:rewards-limited-time:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-limited-time","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"期間限定ポイントとは？","plainText":"期間限定ポイントは、固定でしばしば短い期限を持ち、通常ポイントより用途が狭いこともあります。楽天・dポイント・PayPayはいずれも通常と用途限定の特典を区別します。目玉ボーナスが通常か限定かを必ず確認し、期間限定ポイントから先に使い、失効前にリマインダーを設定しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-limited-time","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"期間限定ポイントは、固定でしばしば短い期限を持ち、通常ポイントより用途が狭いこともあります。楽天・dポイント・PayPayはいずれも通常と用途限定の特典を区別します。目玉ボーナスが通常か限定かを必ず確認し、期間限定ポイントから先に使い、失効前にリマインダーを設定しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-limited-time"},{"id":"faq:rewards-no-expiry:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-no-expiry","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"失効しない主要ポイントは？","plainText":"通常のPayPayポイントは現在無期限で、期間限定ポイントは失効します。カードではセゾン永久不滅ポイントも失効しません。多くの他プログラムは1〜2年か、利用で残高を延長するため、無期限のプログラムはゆっくり貯まる残高を失うリスクを減らします。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-no-expiry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"Credit Saison","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"通常のPayPayポイントは現在無期限で、期間限定ポイントは失効します。カードではセゾン永久不滅ポイントも失効しません。多くの他プログラムは1〜2年か、利用で残高を延長するため、無期限のプログラムはゆっくり貯まる残高を失うリスクを減らします。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-no-expiry"},{"id":"faq:rewards-overspend:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-overspend","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイントのために多く使うべき？","plainText":"いいえ。1%の特典は不要な物の購入を正当化しません。100ポイントのためだけの1万円の買い物は9,900円の損です。ポイントはどのみち行う支出への割引で、予定した買い物への還元として扱い、余計に買ったりカード負債を抱えたりする理由にしないこと。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-overspend","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本銀行","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"いいえ。1%の特典は不要な物の購入を正当化しません。100ポイントのためだけの1万円の買い物は9,900円の損です。ポイントはどのみち行う支出への割引で、予定した買い物への還元として扱い、余計に買ったりカード負債を抱えたりする理由にしないこと。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-overspend"},{"id":"faq:rewards-revolving:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-revolving","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイントのためにリボ払いを使う価値はある？","plainText":"いいえ。日本のリボ払いの金利は高く、何年分もの特典を帳消しにし得ます。支払いの遅延・延滞は信用情報を傷つけます。ポイント最適化は常に毎月カードを全額払う前提であるべきです。どんな還元率も、残高を抱える金利と信用記録のリスクに見合いません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-revolving","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"日本銀行","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"いいえ。日本のリボ払いの金利は高く、何年分もの特典を帳消しにし得ます。支払いの遅延・延滞は信用情報を傷つけます。ポイント最適化は常に毎月カードを全額払う前提であるべきです。どんな還元率も、残高を抱える金利と信用記録のリスクに見合いません。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-revolving"},{"id":"faq:rewards-stacking:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-stacking","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"店のポイントとカードのポイントは二重取りできる？","plainText":"会員提示と決済の特典が個別に対象なら、しばしば可能です。店のポイントカードやアプリを提示し、還元のあるカードやQRウォレットで払います。要は各層がその決済手段で対象である必要があることです。ウォレットがカードをチャージ元にできても対象とは限らず、同じ基本を含む2つの率を足してはいけません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-stacking","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"会員提示と決済の特典が個別に対象なら、しばしば可能です。店のポイントカードやアプリを提示し、還元のあるカードやQRウォレットで払います。要は各層がその決済手段で対象である必要があることです。ウォレットがカードをチャージ元にできても対象とは限らず、同じ基本を含む2つの率を足してはいけません。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-stacking"},{"id":"faq:rewards-avoid-double-count:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-avoid-double-count","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"特典の二重計上を避けるには？","plainText":"各ボーナスが既に基本率を含むか、すべての層が正当に共存できるかを見極めます。例えば、既に基本を含む三井住友の対象店7%経路に基本0.5%を足さないこと。同じ基本を含む2つの率が重なる重ね取りは弾きます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-avoid-double-count","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"各ボーナスが既に基本率を含むか、すべての層が正当に共存できるかを見極めます。例えば、既に基本を含む三井住友の対象店7%経路に基本0.5%を足さないこと。同じ基本を含む2つの率が重なる重ね取りは弾きます。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-avoid-double-count"},{"id":"faq:rewards-campaign-entry:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-campaign-entry","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のポイントキャンペーンはエントリーが必要？","plainText":"多くはエントリーや有効化が必要で、日本では先にエントリーせず利用条件を満たしてもボーナスが出ないことがあります。自動登録を前提にしないこと。エントリー時刻・利用期間・対象店・上限・ポイント種別を記録し、キャンペーンは通常ポイントでなく期間・用途限定ポイントを出すことが多い点に注意。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-campaign-entry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"多くはエントリーや有効化が必要で、日本では先にエントリーせず利用条件を満たしてもボーナスが出ないことがあります。自動登録を前提にしないこと。エントリー時刻・利用期間・対象店・上限・ポイント種別を記録し、キャンペーンは通常ポイントでなく期間・用途限定ポイントを出すことが多い点に注意。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-campaign-entry"},{"id":"faq:rewards-campaign-not-track:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-campaign-not-track","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"キャンペーンのボーナスがつかなかったのはなぜ？","plainText":"よくある原因は、未エントリー・誤ったチャージ元・対象外の店・上限到達・返品・アプリのクッキー／追跡失敗・付与日の遅れです。公式のキャンペーン条件で正確な対象条件を確認し、多くの付与が会計時でなく後日である点も思い出しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-campaign-not-track","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"よくある原因は、未エントリー・誤ったチャージ元・対象外の店・上限到達・返品・アプリのクッキー／追跡失敗・付与日の遅れです。公式のキャンペーン条件で正確な対象条件を確認し、多くの付与が会計時でなく後日である点も思い出しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-campaign-not-track"},{"id":"faq:rewards-rakuten-spu:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-rakuten-spu","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"楽天SPUとは？","plainText":"SPU（スーパーポイントアップ）は、指定の楽天サービスを使い月間条件を満たすと楽天市場のポイントが増えるグループサービスプログラムです。いくつかのSPU・キャンペーン分は失効の早い期間限定ポイントで通常交換できないため、商品の支払総額を比較する際は割り引きましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-rakuten-spu","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"SPU（スーパーポイントアップ）は、指定の楽天サービスを使い月間条件を満たすと楽天市場のポイントが増えるグループサービスプログラムです。いくつかのSPU・キャンペーン分は失効の早い期間限定ポイントで通常交換できないため、商品の支払総額を比較する際は割り引きましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-rakuten-spu"},{"id":"faq:rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイントなら楽天とAmazon Japanどちら？","plainText":"楽天市場は基本1%＋SPU・キャンペーンで、楽天に集中する人は汎用カードを上回れます。Amazon Japanは控えめなAmazonポイントで、連携Mastercardで高くなることも。クーポン・送料・現実的に評価したポイント後の支払総額で比較し、既に集中している経済圏を優先しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://www.rakuten.co.jp/spu/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"楽天市場は基本1%＋SPU・キャンペーンで、楽天に集中する人は汎用カードを上回れます。Amazon Japanは控えめなAmazonポイントで、連携Mastercardで高くなることも。クーポン・送料・現実的に評価したポイント後の支払総額で比較し、既に集中している経済圏を優先しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-rakuten-vs-amazon"},{"id":"faq:rewards-rakuten-pay-change:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-rakuten-pay-change","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"楽天ペイは2026年3月1日に特典を変えた？","plainText":"2026年3月1日の変更は実施されず延期されたため、発効した前提のガイドは陳腐化しています。率に頼る前にアプリで現在の条件を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-rakuten-pay-change","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Payment","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"2026年3月1日の変更は実施されず延期されたため、発効した前提のガイドは陳腐化しています。率に頼る前にアプリで現在の条件を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-rakuten-pay-change"},{"id":"faq:rewards-rakuten-pay-max:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-rakuten-pay-max","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"楽天ペイの現在の店舗最大還元は？","plainText":"対象の楽天ポイントカードを提示し、対象の楽天キャッシュ払いの条件を満たすと、対象のポイントカード加盟店で最大2.5%です。対象のポイントカード提示がないと最大値は下がり、ポイントカードの率は店により異なります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-rakuten-pay-max","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Payment","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"対象の楽天ポイントカードを提示し、対象の楽天キャッシュ払いの条件を満たすと、対象のポイントカード加盟店で最大2.5%です。対象のポイントカード提示がないと最大値は下がり、ポイントカードの率は店により異なります。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-rakuten-pay-max"},{"id":"faq:rewards-furusato-points:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-furusato-points","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"楽天ふるさと納税はまだ市場ポイントが貯まる？","plainText":"いいえ。2025年10月1日以降、ふるさと納税の寄付ではポータル付与の買い物ポイント・SPU・お買い物マラソンの扱いが廃止されました。ただし、取引が対象のままなら、カード発行会社は通常の決済還元を付けることがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-furusato-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://event.rakuten.co.jp/furusato/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"いいえ。2025年10月1日以降、ふるさと納税の寄付ではポータル付与の買い物ポイント・SPU・お買い物マラソンの扱いが廃止されました。ただし、取引が対象のままなら、カード発行会社は通常の決済還元を付けることがあります。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-furusato-points"},{"id":"faq:rewards-dpoint-account:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-dpoint-account","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"非ドコモでもdポイントに入れる？","plainText":"はい。個人であれば誰でも無料のdアカウントを作れ、ドコモの携帯契約は不要です。アプリのSMS認証には日本の電話番号が必要なことが一般的ですが、入会や獲得にドコモ回線は不要です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-dpoint-account","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"はい。個人であれば誰でも無料のdアカウントを作れ、ドコモの携帯契約は不要です。アプリのSMS認証には日本の電話番号が必要なことが一般的ですが、入会や獲得にドコモ回線は不要です。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-dpoint-account"},{"id":"faq:rewards-dbarai-rate:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-dbarai-rate","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"d払いの還元率は？","plainText":"対象取引で約0.5%のdポイント、対象のdカードでチャージすると店ポイント前で約1%（決済0.5%＋チャージ0.5%）になります。2026年9月1日以降、dカードのチャージボーナスは期間・用途限定ポイントになる予定です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-dbarai-rate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"対象取引で約0.5%のdポイント、対象のdカードでチャージすると店ポイント前で約1%（決済0.5%＋チャージ0.5%）になります。2026年9月1日以降、dカードのチャージボーナスは期間・用途限定ポイントになる予定です。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-dbarai-rate"},{"id":"faq:rewards-dbarai-other-card:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-dbarai-other-card","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"他社カードでd払いのポイントは貯まる？","plainText":"いいえ。現行ルールでは、d払いウォレットは他社カードのチャージに通常の決済ポイントを付けません。チャージボーナスは対象のdカードのチャージだけが得るため、連携したどのカードでもウォレット特典が付くと考えないこと。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-dbarai-other-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"いいえ。現行ルールでは、d払いウォレットは他社カードのチャージに通常の決済ポイントを付けません。チャージボーナスは対象のdカードのチャージだけが得るため、連携したどのカードでもウォレット特典が付くと考えないこと。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-dbarai-other-card"},{"id":"faq:rewards-dpoint-dbarai:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-dpoint-dbarai","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"dポイントとd払いは二重取りできる？","plainText":"はい、両方の層に対応する加盟店で可能です。dポイントカードを提示して店のポイントを得て、対象のdカードでチャージしたd払いで払い約1%を得ます。店が両層に参加している必要があり、他社カードでチャージしたd払いは通常ポイントを得ません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-dpoint-dbarai","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"はい、両方の層に対応する加盟店で可能です。dポイントカードを提示して店のポイントを得て、対象のdカードでチャージしたd払いで払い約1%を得ます。店が両層に参加している必要があり、他社カードでチャージしたd払いは通常ポイントを得ません。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-dpoint-dbarai"},{"id":"faq:rewards-dcard-gold-worth:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-dcard-gold-worth","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"dカード GOLDは年会費に見合う？","plainText":"主に対象のドコモ利用が高い人向けです。対象のドコモ携帯・ドコモ光の料金は10%相当を得られ、1%カードに対する概算損益分岐は完全対象の年間税抜料金で約122,223円ですが、端数・除外・上限が影響します。ドコモサービスがないと通常は魅力が薄いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-dcard-gold-worth","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"主に対象のドコモ利用が高い人向けです。対象のドコモ携帯・ドコモ光の料金は10%相当を得られ、1%カードに対する概算損益分岐は完全対象の年間税抜料金で約122,223円ですが、端数・除外・上限が影響します。ドコモサービスがないと通常は魅力が薄いです。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-dcard-gold-worth"},{"id":"faq:rewards-ponta-jal:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-ponta-jal","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"PontaはJALマイルに交換できる？","plainText":"はい、通常Ponta 2ポイントでJAL 1マイルで、PontaはJAL利用者に自然に合います。標準のPonta残高は獲得・利用の取引が1年ないと失効するため、利用を続けましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-ponta-jal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"はい、通常Ponta 2ポイントでJAL 1マイルで、PontaはJAL利用者に自然に合います。標準のPonta残高は獲得・利用の取引が1年ないと失効するため、利用を続けましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-ponta-jal"},{"id":"faq:rewards-paypay-vpoint:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-paypay-vpoint","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"PayPayポイントはVポイントになる？","plainText":"はい、100ポイントから1対1で、1日1回・月3万まで交換できます。ただし交換で得たV残高は有効期限が固定1年のため、アプリ間でポイントを移すだけでなく、実際の交換需要を解くために交換しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-paypay-vpoint","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0402/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"はい、100ポイントから1対1で、1日1回・月3万まで交換できます。ただし交換で得たV残高は有効期限が固定1年のため、アプリ間でポイントを移すだけでなく、実際の交換需要を解くために交換しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-paypay-vpoint"},{"id":"faq:rewards-vpoint-waon:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-vpoint-waon","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"VポイントはWAON POINTに交換できる？","plainText":"はい、現行の連携・交換ルールの下で、口座連携を条件に可能です。VポイントはPayPayポイントとも1対1で交換できます。交換前に現在の条件を確認し、残高が自分に有用に保てる交換を優先しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-vpoint-waon","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"はい、現行の連携・交換ルールの下で、口座連携を条件に可能です。VポイントはPayPayポイントとも1対1で交換できます。交換前に現在の条件を確認し、残高が自分に有用に保てる交換を優先しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-vpoint-waon"},{"id":"faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-waon-vs-nanaco","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"WAONとnanacoの違いは？","plainText":"WAON POINTはイオンのロイヤリティ通貨（イオングループ店で貯まり有効期間は最長約2年）、nanacoはセブン＆アイの仕組み（セブン-イレブンやイトーヨーカドーで貯まり、ポイントはnanaco電子マネーに交換）です。どちらも同名の前払い電子マネーとロイヤリティポイントを区別し、いずれもほぼ閉じています。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-waon-vs-nanaco","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"WAON POINTはイオンのロイヤリティ通貨（イオングループ店で貯まり有効期間は最長約2年）、nanacoはセブン＆アイの仕組み（セブン-イレブンやイトーヨーカドーで貯まり、ポイントはnanaco電子マネーに交換）です。どちらも同名の前払い電子マネーとロイヤリティポイントを区別し、いずれもほぼ閉じています。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-waon-vs-nanaco"},{"id":"faq:rewards-supermarket-best:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-supermarket-best","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"スーパーに最適な特典構成は？","plainText":"イオングループではWAON POINT、他店では店独自のプログラム（イトーヨーカドーのnanaco、ライフのLaCuCa、東急ストアのTOKYU POINT）を使いましょう。店の頻度の高い会員日やクーポンは汎用カードの小さな差を上回ることが多いため、実際に週次で通う店のプログラムに入りましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-supermarket-best","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"イオングループではWAON POINT、他店では店独自のプログラム（イトーヨーカドーのnanaco、ライフのLaCuCa、東急ストアのTOKYU POINT）を使いましょう。店の頻度の高い会員日やクーポンは汎用カードの小さな差を上回ることが多いため、実際に週次で通う店のプログラムに入りましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-supermarket-best"},{"id":"faq:rewards-seven-eleven-best:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-seven-eleven-best","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"セブン-イレブン利用者に最適なのは？","plainText":"nanaco／セブンの特典と、現在の対象コンビニのカードボーナス（三井住友NLの対象店スマホタッチ経路など）を比較しましょう。最適な決済は購入内容で変わります。会員を提示し、クーポンを適用し、対象の最良の方法で払います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-seven-eleven-best","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"nanaco／セブンの特典と、現在の対象コンビニのカードボーナス（三井住友NLの対象店スマホタッチ経路など）を比較しましょう。最適な決済は購入内容で変わります。会員を提示し、クーポンを適用し、対象の最良の方法で払います。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-seven-eleven-best"},{"id":"faq:rewards-lawson-best:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-lawson-best","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ローソン利用者に最適なのは？","plainText":"Pontaかdポイント（ローソンは両方に参加）を提示し、対象の決済方法で払います。三井住友NLの対象店スマホタッチが適用されれば、対象の正確な経路で最大7%になり得ますが、iDや物理カードのタッチは対象外です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-lawson-best","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Pontaかdポイント（ローソンは両方に参加）を提示し、対象の決済方法で払います。三井住友NLの対象店スマホタッチが適用されれば、対象の正確な経路で最大7%になり得ますが、iDや物理カードのタッチは対象外です。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-lawson-best"},{"id":"faq:rewards-familymart-best:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-familymart-best","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ファミリーマート利用者に最適なのは？","plainText":"Vポイント会員（旧Tポイント）とFamiPayの特典を使い、その買い物で実際に対象となるカード経路で払います。FamiPayはキャッシュバックの層を加え、還元のあるカードやQRウォレットが店のポイントに決済特典を重ねます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-familymart-best","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"CCCMK Holdings / SMBC","url":"https://www.vpoint.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"Vポイント会員（旧Tポイント）とFamiPayの特典を使い、その買い物で実際に対象となるカード経路で払います。FamiPayはキャッシュバックの層を加え、還元のあるカードやQRウォレットが店のポイントに決済特典を重ねます。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-familymart-best"},{"id":"faq:rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"家電店のポイント率は現金値引きに匹敵する？","plainText":"カード払いでポイント率が下がるか、他店の現金価格が安いかを確認した上でのみです。店ポイント率は商品や決済方法で異なるため、最終現金価格・保証・ポイントを合わせて比較しましょう。ポイント目当てで高い店から買わないこと。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"カード払いでポイント率が下がるか、他店の現金価格が安いかを確認した上でのみです。店ポイント率は商品や決済方法で異なるため、最終現金価格・保証・ポイントを合わせて比較しましょう。ポイント目当てで高い店から買わないこと。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-electronics-cash-vs-points"},{"id":"faq:rewards-fuel-percentage:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-fuel-percentage","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"給油の値引きはどう比較する？","plainText":"1リットルあたりの値引きを現在の店頭価格で実質%に換算し、一般的な1%カードと比べましょう。遠い店までの時間と回り道が特典を打ち消し得るため、理論上広い網より近い店のほうが重要なことが多いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-fuel-percentage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Loyalty Marketing / Recruit","url":"https://point.recruit.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"1リットルあたりの値引きを現在の店頭価格で実質%に換算し、一般的な1%カードと比べましょう。遠い店までの時間と回り道が特典を打ち消し得るため、理論上広い網より近い店のほうが重要なことが多いです。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-fuel-percentage"},{"id":"faq:rewards-food-delivery-worth:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-food-delivery-worth","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フードデリバリーのポイントは上乗せに見合う？","plainText":"必ずしもそうではありません。デリバリーのメニュー上乗せ・配達料・サービス料は得たポイントを容易に超え得ます。メニュー価格・配達料・サービス料・クーポン価値を、直接注文や店頭受け取りと比べ、ポイントで本来払わないデリバリーを正当化しないこと。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-food-delivery-worth","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"必ずしもそうではありません。デリバリーのメニュー上乗せ・配達料・サービス料は得たポイントを容易に超え得ます。メニュー価格・配達料・サービス料・クーポン価値を、直接注文や店頭受け取りと比べ、ポイントで本来払わないデリバリーを正当化しないこと。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-food-delivery-worth"},{"id":"faq:rewards-no-fee-cards:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-no-fee-cards","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"基本が約1%の年会費無料カードは？","plainText":"楽天カード・PayPayカード・dカード・au PAYカード・JCB カード Wが、自社ポイントで約1%の通常率を持つ代表的な年会費無料カードです。表面の率だけでなく、既に使う交換の経済圏で選びましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-no-fee-cards","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Card Corporation","url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"JCB","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcbcardw.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"楽天カード・PayPayカード・dカード・au PAYカード・JCB カード Wが、自社ポイントで約1%の通常率を持つ代表的な年会費無料カードです。表面の率だけでなく、既に使う交換の経済圏で選びましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-no-fee-cards"},{"id":"faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-smbc-7-percent","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"三井住友NLはどこでも7%？","plainText":"いいえ。7%は指定のコンビニ・飲食店で、かつ対象のスマホのタッチ決済（または対象のモバイルオーダー）の正確な経路でのみ適用されます。物理カードのタッチやiDは対象外で、7%には基本が含まれるため別に0.5%を足してはいけません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-smbc-7-percent","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/numberless.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"いいえ。7%は指定のコンビニ・飲食店で、かつ対象のスマホのタッチ決済（または対象のモバイルオーダー）の正確な経路でのみ適用されます。物理カードのタッチやiDは対象外で、7%には基本が含まれるため別に0.5%を足してはいけません。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-smbc-7-percent"},{"id":"faq:rewards-id-vs-touch:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-id-vs-touch","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"iDは三井住友の対象店7%の対象？","plainText":"いいえ、規定はその経路からiDを除外しています。iDとQUICPayは独自のポイント率のない非接触決済で、ボーナス区分ではVisa／Mastercard／JCBのネットワークのタッチと同一には扱われません。区分ボーナスを前提にする前に、実際にどの資格情報で請求されるか確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-id-vs-touch","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/camp/measures0007/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"いいえ、規定はその経路からiDを除外しています。iDとQUICPayは独自のポイント率のない非接触決済で、ボーナス区分ではVisa／Mastercard／JCBのネットワークのタッチと同一には扱われません。区分ボーナスを前提にする前に、実際にどの資格情報で請求されるか確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-id-vs-touch"},{"id":"faq:rewards-young-applicant-card:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-young-applicant-card","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"若年層に良い年会費無料カードは？","plainText":"JCB カード Wは強い年会費無料の汎用カードですが、申込は原則18〜39歳に限られます。39歳以降も無料が続くため、対象のうちに申し込めば確保できます。旅行するならJCBの海外受け入れが狭い点を考慮しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-young-applicant-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JCB","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcbcardw.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"JCB カード Wは強い年会費無料の汎用カードですが、申込は原則18〜39歳に限られます。39歳以降も無料が続くため、対象のうちに申し込めば確保できます。旅行するならJCBの海外受け入れが狭い点を考慮しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-young-applicant-card"},{"id":"faq:rewards-premium-card-worth:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-premium-card-worth","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"プレミアムカードはいつ年会費に見合う？","plainText":"行動を変えずに継続特典が年会費を上回るときだけです。ラウンジ回数・保険・ホテル特典・家族カードを個別に評価し、そうでなければ払う場合を除きラウンジを小売価格で数えないこと。しきい値到達のために支出を作らないこと。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-premium-card-worth","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/gold-numberless.jsp","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"行動を変えずに継続特典が年会費を上回るときだけです。ラウンジ回数・保険・ホテル特典・家族カードを個別に評価し、そうでなければ払う場合を除きラウンジを小売価格で数えないこと。しきい値到達のために支出を作らないこと。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-premium-card-worth"},{"id":"faq:rewards-permanent-points:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-permanent-points","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"失効しないカードポイントは？","plainText":"セゾン永久不滅ポイントは失効せず、日本のプログラムでは珍しく、ゆっくり貯める人に有用です。セゾンゴールド・アメックスは初年度無料で、以降の11,000円は年1回以上の利用で無料になり得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-permanent-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Credit Saison","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"セゾン永久不滅ポイントは失効せず、日本のプログラムでは珍しく、ゆっくり貯める人に有用です。セゾンゴールド・アメックスは初年度無料で、以降の11,000円は年1回以上の利用で無料になり得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-permanent-points"},{"id":"faq:rewards-au-gold-worth:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-au-gold-worth","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"au PAYゴールドカードは年会費に見合う？","plainText":"表示の高還元（対象のau PAYオートチャージで最大5%）は上限・条件付きのため、オートチャージボーナスの上限と対象の携帯特典を11,000円の年会費と直接比較しましょう。上限付きボーナスを実際に得るPonta・au／UQユーザーに最適です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-au-gold-worth","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"au Financial Service","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"表示の高還元（対象のau PAYオートチャージで最大5%）は上限・条件付きのため、オートチャージボーナスの上限と対象の携帯特典を11,000円の年会費と直接比較しましょう。上限付きボーナスを実際に得るPonta・au／UQユーザーに最適です。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-au-gold-worth"},{"id":"faq:rewards-card-investing:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-card-investing","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"クレカ積立とは？","plainText":"対象のカードで、参加する証券（SBI／Vポイント、楽天／楽天ポイント、eSmart／Ponta）を通じて投信を定期購入する仕組みで、月間上限があります。表示上の最大還元率はカードのランクや年間利用・サービス条件次第で、多くの利用者の通常率ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-card-investing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/creditmode/","official":true},{"publisher":"au Financial Service","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"対象のカードで、参加する証券（SBI／Vポイント、楽天／楽天ポイント、eSmart／Ponta）を通じて投信を定期購入する仕組みで、月間上限があります。表示上の最大還元率はカードのランクや年間利用・サービス条件次第で、多くの利用者の通常率ではありません。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-card-investing"},{"id":"faq:rewards-card-investing-risk:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-card-investing-risk","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"クレカ積立は無リスクの利回り？","plainText":"いいえ。ポイントは市場リスク・信託報酬・カード年会費・年間利用条件・月間上限を取り除きません。ファンドとプラットフォームはまず適合性と総コストで選び、還元は二次的なタイブレークとして扱いましょう。ポイントのためだけに手数料の高いファンドや上位カードを選ばないこと。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-card-investing-risk","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/creditmode/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"いいえ。ポイントは市場リスク・信託報酬・カード年会費・年間利用条件・月間上限を取り除きません。ファンドとプラットフォームはまず適合性と総コストで選び、還元は二次的なタイブレークとして扱いましょう。ポイントのためだけに手数料の高いファンドや上位カードを選ばないこと。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-card-investing-risk"},{"id":"faq:rewards-paypay-charge-points:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-paypay-charge-points","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"PayPayへのチャージでカードポイントは貯まる？","plainText":"自動ではありません。ATM現金チャージや対象外カードのチャージは通常ポイントが付かず、対象のルートだけが条件を満たします。カードがチャージ元として使えることは、発行会社がそのチャージにポイントを付けることを証明しません。各層を取引日に確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-paypay-charge-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"自動ではありません。ATM現金チャージや対象外カードのチャージは通常ポイントが付かず、対象のルートだけが条件を満たします。カードがチャージ元として使えることは、発行会社がそのチャージにポイントを付けることを証明しません。各層を取引日に確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-paypay-charge-points"},{"id":"faq:rewards-paypay-points-step:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-paypay-points-step","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"PayPayポイントで払うとステップ還元は付く？","plainText":"いいえ、2026年6月2日以降、PayPayポイントで払った分はPayPayステップ還元の対象外で、ステップは本人確認が必要になりました。通常のPayPayポイントは引き続き無期限で、送金・出金はできません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-paypay-points-step","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/guide/paypay-step/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"いいえ、2026年6月2日以降、PayPayポイントで払った分はPayPayステップ還元の対象外で、ステップは本人確認が必要になりました。通常のPayPayポイントは引き続き無期限で、送金・出金はできません。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-paypay-points-step"},{"id":"faq:rewards-aupay-withdraw:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-aupay-withdraw","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"au PAY残高は出金できる？","plainText":"対象のau PAYマネーは送金・出金できます。auじぶん銀行への出金は現行条件で無料、他行は通常1回220円で、1回の上限は10万円です。au PAYで得たPontaポイントは、出金可能なマネーとは別です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-aupay-withdraw","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"KDDI","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"対象のau PAYマネーは送金・出金できます。auじぶん銀行への出金は現行条件で無料、他行は通常1回220円で、1回の上限は10万円です。au PAYで得たPontaポイントは、出金可能なマネーとは別です。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-aupay-withdraw"},{"id":"faq:rewards-merpay-send:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-merpay-send","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"メルペイ残高は送れる？売上金は失効する？","plainText":"確認済みのメルペイ残高は現行の上限内で送金でき、付与ポイントは通常送れません。本人確認は、未確認だとメルカリ売上金に適用される180日の出金・申請期限も解除するため、活発な出品者には本人確認が要です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-merpay-send","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Merpay","url":"https://www.merpay.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"確認済みのメルペイ残高は現行の上限内で送金でき、付与ポイントは通常送れません。本人確認は、未確認だとメルカリ売上金に適用される180日の出金・申請期限も解除するため、活発な出品者には本人確認が要です。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-merpay-send"},{"id":"faq:rewards-apple-pay-points:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-apple-pay-points","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Apple Payでカードの還元率は変わる？","plainText":"通常は元のカードの資格情報が特典を決め、Apple Pay自体は汎用の追加特典を生みません。ただし店のカテゴリによっては正確なApple Payの経路（ネットワークのタッチ対iD対QUICPay）が必要なため、区分ボーナスを前提にする前にどの経路かを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-apple-pay-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Apple","url":"https://support.apple.com/ja-jp/apple-pay","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"通常は元のカードの資格情報が特典を決め、Apple Pay自体は汎用の追加特典を生みません。ただし店のカテゴリによっては正確なApple Payの経路（ネットワークのタッチ対iD対QUICPay）が必要なため、区分ボーナスを前提にする前にどの経路かを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-apple-pay-points"},{"id":"faq:rewards-google-wallet-emoney:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-google-wallet-emoney","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Googleウォレットが対応する日本の電子マネーは？","plainText":"公式にはSuica・PASMO・楽天Edy・WAON・nanaco（チャージ規則は商品で異なる）に加え、QUICPay・iD・非接触に対応します。海外向けに買った端末は必要な日本のFeliCaハードウェアを欠くことがあり、一部の商品が使えない場合があります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-google-wallet-emoney","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Google","url":"https://support.google.com/wallet/answer/12058983","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"公式にはSuica・PASMO・楽天Edy・WAON・nanaco（チャージ規則は商品で異なる）に加え、QUICPay・iD・非接触に対応します。海外向けに買った端末は必要な日本のFeliCaハードウェアを欠くことがあり、一部の商品が使えない場合があります。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-google-wallet-emoney"},{"id":"faq:rewards-emoney-card-points:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-emoney-card-points","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"どのカードでも電子マネーをチャージしてポイントが貯まる？","plainText":"いいえ。Suica・WAON・nanacoがカードを受け付けても、発行会社がそのチャージを特典対象から除外していることがあります。対象のチャージ手段だけがカードポイントを得るため、任意のカードでの電子マネーチャージがポイント対象と考えず、手段を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-emoney-card-points","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"AEON","url":"https://www.waon.net/point/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"いいえ。Suica・WAON・nanacoがカードを受け付けても、発行会社がそのチャージを特典対象から除外していることがあります。対象のチャージ手段だけがカードポイントを得るため、任意のカードでの電子マネーチャージがポイント対象と考えず、手段を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-emoney-card-points"},{"id":"faq:rewards-suica-register:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-suica-register","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JRE POINTを貯めるにはSuica登録が必要？","plainText":"はい、乗車ポイントを貯めるにはSuicaをJRE POINTアカウントに連携する必要があります。未登録の乗車や現金は貯まりません。移動前に登録し、すべてのSuica取引が対象のJR東日本乗車ではない点に注意しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-suica-register","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"はい、乗車ポイントを貯めるにはSuicaをJRE POINTアカウントに連携する必要があります。未登録の乗車や現金は貯まりません。移動前に登録し、すべてのSuica取引が対象のJR東日本乗車ではない点に注意しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-suica-register"},{"id":"faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-suica-ride-rate","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"モバイルSuicaのJR東日本乗車の還元率は？","plainText":"登録済みモバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）、登録済み物理Suicaは200円につき1ポイント（0.5%）です。ビューカードのチャージで1.5%加わるため、ビューでチャージした登録モバイルSuicaは対象移動で名目3.5%を重ねます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-suica-ride-rate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"登録済みモバイルSuicaは対象のJR東日本乗車で50円につき1ポイント（2%）、登録済み物理Suicaは200円につき1ポイント（0.5%）です。ビューカードのチャージで1.5%加わるため、ビューでチャージした登録モバイルSuicaは対象移動で名目3.5%を重ねます。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-suica-ride-rate"},{"id":"faq:rewards-view-card-worth:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-view-card-worth","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"たまに乗る人にビューカードは見合う？","plainText":"追加のSuica・JR東日本の還元が524円の年会費と手間を上回るときだけです。0.5%の無料カードと比べ、追加1%分だけで年会費を回収するには年間約52,400円の1.5%対象チャージが必要なため、JR東日本を頻繁に使う通勤者に向きます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-view-card-worth","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"JR East","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2022/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"追加のSuica・JR東日本の還元が524円の年会費と手間を上回るときだけです。0.5%の無料カードと比べ、追加1%分だけで年会費を回収するには年間約52,400円の1.5%対象チャージが必要なため、JR東日本を頻繁に使う通勤者に向きます。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-view-card-worth"},{"id":"faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-ana-vs-jal","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANAとJAL、どちらが良い？","plainText":"あなたの実際の旅行で、路線・特典席・提携が優れるほうです。ANAはスターアライアンス、JALはワンワールド。どちらもマイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効し、2026年に特典価格を改定したため、万人向けに優れる方はなく、固定の1マイル単価は事実ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-ana-vs-jal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"あなたの実際の旅行で、路線・特典席・提携が優れるほうです。ANAはスターアライアンス、JALはワンワールド。どちらもマイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効し、2026年に特典価格を改定したため、万人向けに優れる方はなく、固定の1マイル単価は事実ではありません。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-ana-vs-jal"},{"id":"faq:rewards-ana-expiry:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-ana-expiry","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANAマイルの有効期限は？","plainText":"ANAマイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効するため、ゆっくり貯まる残高は時々使う必要があります。ANAは2026年5月19日発効で国内特典ルールも改定したため、古い特典チャートは危険です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-ana-expiry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"ANAマイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効するため、ゆっくり貯まる残高は時々使う必要があります。ANAは2026年5月19日発効で国内特典ルールも改定したため、古い特典チャートは危険です。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-ana-expiry"},{"id":"faq:rewards-jal-expiry:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-jal-expiry","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JALマイルの有効期限は？","plainText":"JALマイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効します。JALの国内特典は基本価格＋JMB PLUSを使い、2026年10月1日以降発券分は改定の対象のため、現在の特典価格を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-jal-expiry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"JALマイルは原則、積算から36か月目末に失効します。JALの国内特典は基本価格＋JMB PLUSを使い、2026年10月1日以降発券分は改定の対象のため、現在の特典価格を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-jal-expiry"},{"id":"faq:rewards-jal-plus:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-jal-plus","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL PLUS（JMB PLUS）特典とは？","plainText":"JMB PLUSは、低価格の特典在庫がないときに必要マイルを基本価格より引き上げる仕組みで、同じ路線でも混雑期はより多くのマイルがかかります。特典は、実際に買う運賃から税・サーチャージを引いて評価しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-jal-plus","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"JMB PLUSは、低価格の特典在庫がないときに必要マイルを基本価格より引き上げる仕組みで、同じ路線でも混雑期はより多くのマイルがかかります。特典は、実際に買う運賃から税・サーチャージを引いて評価しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-jal-plus"},{"id":"faq:rewards-mile-value:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-mile-value","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マイルの価値はどう計算する？","plainText":"マイル価値＝（比較可能な現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイルです。膨らませた変更可能運賃でなく実際に買う運賃を使い、特典券にも税・サーチャージが残ることを忘れないこと。直接交換は、特典が本当に高価値でない限り1ポイント0.5円未満になりがちです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-mile-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true},{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"マイル価値＝（比較可能な現金運賃−特典税・手数料−放棄した利点）÷使用マイルです。膨らませた変更可能運賃でなく実際に買う運賃を使い、特典券にも税・サーチャージが残ることを忘れないこと。直接交換は、特典が本当に高価値でない限り1ポイント0.5円未満になりがちです。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-mile-value"},{"id":"faq:rewards-transfer-miles:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-transfer-miles","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイントをマイルに交換すべき？","plainText":"現実的で価値の高い特典があり、レートが妥当で、交換先の有効期限がより長い・有用なときだけです。マイルへの直接交換は1ポイント0.5円未満になりがちのため、実際に使う特定の交換のために交換し、投機的にはしないこと。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-transfer-miles","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Airlines","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jmb/earn/onland/ponta/","official":true},{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"現実的で価値の高い特典があり、レートが妥当で、交換先の有効期限がより長い・有用なときだけです。マイルへの直接交換は1ポイント0.5円未満になりがちのため、実際に使う特定の交換のために交換し、投機的にはしないこと。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-transfer-miles"},{"id":"faq:rewards-minimum-redemption:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-minimum-redemption","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ポイントの利用・交換に最低数量はある？","plainText":"はい、多くのプログラムは固定単位でしか使えず、交換にも最低数量があります。例えばnanacoは500ポイントでANA 250マイル、PayPay↔Vポイントの交換は100ポイントからです。最低数量が小さいほど、残高が使えなくなるリスクが減ります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-minimum-redemption","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Seven Card Service","url":"https://www.nanaco-net.jp/point/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0402/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"はい、多くのプログラムは固定単位でしか使えず、交換にも最低数量があります。例えばnanacoは500ポイントでANA 250マイル、PayPay↔Vポイントの交換は100ポイントからです。最低数量が小さいほど、残高が使えなくなるリスクが減ります。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-minimum-redemption"},{"id":"faq:rewards-marriott-expiry:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-marriott-expiry","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Marriott Bonvoyのポイントはいつ失効する？","plainText":"原則、対象の利用が24か月ないと失効するため、時々の口座利用で維持できます。Marriottは多くのブランドで対象1米ドルにつき基本約10ポイントを付与しますが、延長のためだけに不要な宿泊を買うのはめったに効率的ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-marriott-expiry","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Marriott International","url":"https://www.marriott.com/loyalty.mi","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"原則、対象の利用が24か月ないと失効するため、時々の口座利用で維持できます。Marriottは多くのブランドで対象1米ドルにつき基本約10ポイントを付与しますが、延長のためだけに不要な宿泊を買うのはめったに効率的ではありません。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-marriott-expiry"},{"id":"faq:rewards-one-harmony:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-one-harmony","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"One Harmonyは何に最適？","plainText":"日本のオークラ・ニッコー・ホテルJALシティ等や参加施設での再訪に最適です。入会無料・段階制で、対象の利用後に通常2年延長するため、その日本の施設群を繰り返し使う旅行者には国際プログラムより実用的なことがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-one-harmony","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Okura Nikko Hotels","url":"https://www.oneharmony.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"日本のオークラ・ニッコー・ホテルJALシティ等や参加施設での再訪に最適です。入会無料・段階制で、対象の利用後に通常2年延長するため、その日本の施設群を繰り返し使う旅行者には国際プログラムより実用的なことがあります。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-one-harmony"},{"id":"faq:rewards-beginner-program:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-beginner-program","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"初心者はどのポイントプログラムを選ぶ？","plainText":"すでに最も使う店・キャリア・モールをカバーする経済圏を選びましょう。楽天・PayPay・dポイント・Ponta・Vポイントが主な汎用候補です。まず1つの主要プログラムから始め、測れる価値が生まれるときだけ交通やスーパーの専門プログラムを加えます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-beginner-program","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Group","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"すでに最も使う店・キャリア・モールをカバーする経済圏を選びましょう。楽天・PayPay・dポイント・Ponta・Vポイントが主な汎用候補です。まず1つの主要プログラムから始め、測れる価値が生まれるときだけ交通やスーパーの専門プログラムを加えます。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-beginner-program"},{"id":"faq:rewards-foreign-join:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-foreign-join","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者は日本のポイントプログラムに入れる？","plainText":"必要な国内アカウントを作り、プログラムの条件を満たせば概ね可能です。国籍より在留と口座の確認のほうが通常重要です。無料の会員登録はカードの与信より容易なため、金融履歴を作りながらまずポイントプログラムに入りましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-foreign-join","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"必要な国内アカウントを作り、プログラムの条件を満たせば概ね可能です。国籍より在留と口座の確認のほうが通常重要です。無料の会員登録はカードの与信より容易なため、金融履歴を作りながらまずポイントプログラムに入りましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-foreign-join"},{"id":"faq:rewards-foreign-first-card:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-foreign-first-card","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者に良い最初のクレジットカードは？","plainText":"楽天カード（一部英語情報）とエポスカード（取得しやすく手が届きやすいとされる）が、よく入手できる最初のカードです。まず銀行口座・電話・住所の記録・支払い履歴を作り、次にカードを1枚ずつ申し込み、名前の綴りをどこでも統一しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-foreign-first-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"Marui / Epos","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"楽天カード（一部英語情報）とエポスカード（取得しやすく手が届きやすいとされる）が、よく入手できる最初のカードです。まず銀行口座・電話・住所の記録・支払い履歴を作り、次にカードを1枚ずつ申し込み、名前の綴りをどこでも統一しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-foreign-first-card"},{"id":"faq:rewards-foreign-card-tourist:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-foreign-card-tourist","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"旅行者は日本の特典クレジットカードを作れる？","plainText":"通常はできません。主要カードは概ね日本の在留・国内住所・連絡可能な電話・銀行口座・国内審査を要します。旅行者はQRアプリの限られた対応ルートを使えることもありますが、登録・3Dセキュア・特典の制限のため、外国カードはポイントに不確実です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-foreign-card-tourist","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Rakuten Card","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"通常はできません。主要カードは概ね日本の在留・国内住所・連絡可能な電話・銀行口座・国内審査を要します。旅行者はQRアプリの限られた対応ルートを使えることもありますが、登録・3Dセキュア・特典の制限のため、外国カードはポイントに不確実です。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-foreign-card-tourist"},{"id":"faq:rewards-family-pooling:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-family-pooling","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"家族でポイントやマイルを合算できる？","plainText":"指定の親族でポイントを共有・利用できるプログラムがあり、ANAなどは規定の家族特典の仕組みを提供します。ただしルールはプログラム別で、家族カードの利用がしきい値に算入されるのは各条件が認める場合だけです。合算を前提にせず確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-family-pooling","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"All Nippon Airways","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"指定の親族でポイントを共有・利用できるプログラムがあり、ANAなどは規定の家族特典の仕組みを提供します。ただしルールはプログラム別で、家族カードの利用がしきい値に算入されるのは各条件が認める場合だけです。合算を前提にせず確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-family-pooling"},{"id":"faq:rewards-best-qr-app:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-best-qr-app","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"どのQR決済アプリが最適？","plainText":"最も広い加盟店と通常ポイント無期限ならPayPay、楽天連携なら楽天ペイ、ドコモ／dポイントならd払い、Ponta／auならau PAY、メルカリ活用者ならメルペイです。表面の率でなく、既に使う経済圏で選びましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-best-qr-app","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay Corporation","url":"https://paypay.ne.jp/help/c0177/","official":true},{"publisher":"Rakuten Payment","url":"https://pay.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"NTT DOCOMO","url":"https://service.smt.docomo.ne.jp/keitai_payment/","official":true},{"publisher":"KDDI","url":"https://aupay.wallet.auone.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"最も広い加盟店と通常ポイント無期限ならPayPay、楽天連携なら楽天ペイ、ドコモ／dポイントならd払い、Ponta／auならau PAY、メルカリ活用者ならメルペイです。表面の率でなく、既に使う経済圏で選びましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-best-qr-app"},{"id":"faq:rewards-break-even:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-break-even","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"カードの年会費損益分岐はどう計算する？","plainText":"損益分岐支出＝（年会費−実際に使う固定特典）÷上乗せ率です。そうでなければ払う場合を除きラウンジを小売価格で数えず、しきい値のために支出を作らないこと。年会費は本当に使う特典にだけ見合います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-break-even","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/gold-numberless.jsp","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"損益分岐支出＝（年会費−実際に使う固定特典）÷上乗せ率です。そうでなければ払う場合を除きラウンジを小売価格で数えず、しきい値のために支出を作らないこと。年会費は本当に使う特典にだけ見合います。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-break-even"},{"id":"faq:rewards-sources:ja","entityId":"faq:rewards-sources","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"このサイトの特典情報はどう検証されている？","plainText":"すべての事実の率・手数料・有効期限・対象性の主張は、検証日付きの公式一次出典（発行会社・プログラム・航空会社・国税庁）を引きます。検索の抜粋は証拠に使わず、不確かな値は推測せず不明として示し、旧戦略は変更日付きで記録します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#rewards-sources","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:points"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/law/shitsugi/shotoku/02/37.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"points","text":"すべての事実の率・手数料・有効期限・対象性の主張は、検証日付きの公式一次出典（発行会社・プログラム・航空会社・国税庁）を引きます。検索の抜粋は証拠に使わず、不確かな値は推測せず不明として示し、旧戦略は変更日付きで記録します。","url":"/ja/questions#rewards-sources"},{"id":"faq:loan-buy-foreigner:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-buy-foreigner","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人は日本で不動産を買えますか？","plainText":"概ね可能です。所有資格と住宅ローン資格は別問題で、所有は国籍を問わず広く開かれ、融資が本当の壁です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-buy-foreigner","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"概ね可能です。所有資格と住宅ローン資格は別問題で、所有は国籍を問わず広く開かれ、融資が本当の壁です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-buy-foreigner"},{"id":"faq:loan-pr-mandatory:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-pr-mandatory","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローンに永住権は必須ですか？","plainText":"普遍的には必須ではありません。一部の専門機関(プレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガ銀行)は適格な非永住者を受け入れ、フラット35も永住を必ずしも求めません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-pr-mandatory","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true},{"publisher":"Tokyo Star Bank","url":"https://www.tokyostarbank.co.jp/kariru/starmortgage/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"普遍的には必須ではありません。一部の専門機関(プレスティア・東京スター銀行・スルガ銀行)は適格な非永住者を受け入れ、フラット35も永住を必ずしも求めません。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-pr-mandatory"},{"id":"faq:loan-pr-still-helpful:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-pr-still-helpful","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"永住権は住宅ローンに有利ですか？","plainText":"はい。永住権は普遍的に必須ではないものの、通常の銀行の選択肢を大きく広げ、条件も概ね良くします。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-pr-still-helpful","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"はい。永住権は普遍的に必須ではないものの、通常の銀行の選択肢を大きく広げ、条件も概ね良くします。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-pr-still-helpful"},{"id":"faq:loan-japanese-spouse:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-japanese-spouse","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本人配偶者がいれば住宅ローンは通りますか？","plainText":"いいえ。日本人配偶者や保証人は一部の銀行で適格性を広げ得ますが、信用と返済能力の審査に代わるものではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-japanese-spouse","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。日本人配偶者や保証人は一部の銀行で適格性を広げ得ますが、信用と返済能力の審査に代わるものではありません。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-japanese-spouse"},{"id":"faq:loan-english-support:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-english-support","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"英語対応の住宅ローンはどこですか？","plainText":"プレスティア(SMBC信託銀行)は充実した英語対応を明示しています。「英語ページ」「通訳」「英語での契約」がすべて提供されるか確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-english-support","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/service/loan/mortgage/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"プレスティア(SMBC信託銀行)は充実した英語対応を明示しています。「英語ページ」「通訳」「英語での契約」がすべて提供されるか確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-english-support"},{"id":"faq:loan-japanese-language:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-japanese-language","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本語能力は必要ですか？","plainText":"多くの貸し手は日本語での契約理解を求め、英語対応の所もあります。申込前に各段階の言語支援を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-japanese-language","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"多くの貸し手は日本語での契約理解を求め、英語対応の所もあります。申込前に各段階の言語支援を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-japanese-language"},{"id":"faq:loan-no-japanese-guarantor:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-no-japanese-guarantor","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本人の保証人なしで借りられますか？","plainText":"個人保証人が不要な商品もありますが、担保・保証会社・保険・審査は依然適用されます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-no-japanese-guarantor","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"個人保証人が不要な商品もありますが、担保・保証会社・保険・審査は依然適用されます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-no-japanese-guarantor"},{"id":"faq:loan-overseas-income:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-overseas-income","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外収入は住宅ローンで認められますか？","plainText":"認められることもありますが、通貨・税・継続性・書類の問題で認定額が減り得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-overseas-income","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"認められることもありますが、通貨・税・継続性・書類の問題で認定額が減り得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-overseas-income"},{"id":"faq:loan-bonus-income:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-bonus-income","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"賞与は返済能力に数えられますか？","plainText":"貸し手は数え得ますが、家計は不確実な賞与に頼らないほうが安全で、基本給のみの家計が無難です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-bonus-income","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"貸し手は数え得ますが、家計は不確実な賞与に頼らないほうが安全で、基本給のみの家計が無難です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-bonus-income"},{"id":"faq:loan-income-documents:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-income-documents","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"収入書類は何が必要ですか？","plainText":"一般に源泉徴収票・課税証明・在職証明・銀行明細で、自営は複数年の確定申告を提出します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-income-documents","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"一般に源泉徴収票・課税証明・在職証明・銀行明細で、自営は複数年の確定申告を提出します。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-income-documents"},{"id":"faq:loan-years-income-history:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-years-income-history","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"収入の履歴は何年必要ですか？","plainText":"貸し手によります。自営や変動収入の申込者は通常より長い履歴が必要です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-years-income-history","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"貸し手によります。自営や変動収入の申込者は通常より長い履歴が必要です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-years-income-history"},{"id":"faq:loan-job-changer:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-job-changer","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"転職直後でも住宅ローンは組めますか？","plainText":"可能ですが、承認が難しかったり説明を要したりします。新しい勤務先で丸1年を好む銀行もあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-job-changer","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"可能ですが、承認が難しかったり説明を要したりします。新しい勤務先で丸1年を好む銀行もあります。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-job-changer"},{"id":"faq:loan-probationary:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-probationary","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"試用期間中でも審査に通りますか？","plainText":"断る・見送る銀行もあれば、個別に審査する銀行もあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-probationary","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"断る・見送る銀行もあれば、個別に審査する銀行もあります。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-probationary"},{"id":"faq:loan-contract-employee:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-contract-employee","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"契約社員でも通りますか？","plainText":"一部の銀行では可能ですが、正社員より安定性と履歴が重視されます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-contract-employee","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"一部の銀行では可能ですが、正社員より安定性と履歴が重視されます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-contract-employee"},{"id":"faq:loan-sole-proprietor:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-sole-proprietor","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"個人事業主は住宅ローンを組めますか？","plainText":"はい。通常は複数年の確定申告と、保守的で正規化されることもある収入評価によります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-sole-proprietor","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"はい。通常は複数年の確定申告と、保守的で正規化されることもある収入評価によります。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-sole-proprietor"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-principal:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-principal","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"元金とは何ですか？","plainText":"利息・手数料を除いた、借り入れている残額です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-principal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"利息・手数料を除いた、借り入れている残額です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-principal"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-interest:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-interest","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"利息とは何ですか？","plainText":"借入の対価で、残っている元金に対し名目年率で計算されます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-interest","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"借入の対価で、残っている元金に対し名目年率で計算されます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-interest"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-apr:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-apr","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"APR(実質年率)とは何ですか？","plainText":"手数料込みの年率化した借入コストの概念です。日本の住宅ローン比較では金利＋手数料から自分で計算する必要が多いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-apr","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"手数料込みの年率化した借入コストの概念です。日本の住宅ローン比較では金利＋手数料から自分で計算する必要が多いです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-apr"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-base-rate:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-base-rate","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"基準金利とは何ですか？","plainText":"割引前の、貸し手の基準となる金利です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-base-rate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"割引前の、貸し手の基準となる金利です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-base-rate"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-preferential:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-preferential","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"優遇金利とは何ですか？","plainText":"基準金利から承認された優遇幅を引いた金利です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-preferential","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"基準金利から承認された優遇幅を引いた金利です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-preferential"},{"id":"faq:loan-discount-disappear:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-discount-disappear","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"優遇幅は消えることがありますか？","plainText":"契約条件により消え得ます。優遇幅が全期間永続かを確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-discount-disappear","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"契約条件により消え得ます。優遇幅が全期間永続かを確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-discount-disappear"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-fixed:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-fixed","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"固定金利とは何ですか？","plainText":"一定期間または全期間、固定される金利です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-fixed","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"一定期間または全期間、固定される金利です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-fixed"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-variable:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-variable","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"変動金利とは何ですか？","plainText":"ローンの見直しルールで変わり得る金利で、一般に半年ごとに見直されます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-variable","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"ローンの見直しルールで変わり得る金利で、一般に半年ごとに見直されます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-variable"},{"id":"faq:loan-variable-change-frequency:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-variable-change-frequency","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"変動金利はどれくらいで変わりますか？","plainText":"一般に半年ごとですが契約により異なります。契約を読みましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-variable-change-frequency","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"一般に半年ごとですが契約により異なります。契約を読みましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-variable-change-frequency"},{"id":"faq:loan-five-year-rule:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-five-year-rule","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"5年ルールとは何ですか？","plainText":"一部のローンで返済額を5年ごとにのみ再計算する慣行です。金利の上限ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-five-year-rule","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"一部のローンで返済額を5年ごとにのみ再計算する慣行です。金利の上限ではありません。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-five-year-rule"},{"id":"faq:loan-125-rule:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-125-rule","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"125%ルールとは何ですか？","plainText":"見直し時の返済額の増加を125%までに制限する慣行です。発生した利息を消しはしません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-125-rule","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"見直し時の返済額の増加を125%までに制限する慣行です。発生した利息を消しはしません。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-125-rule"},{"id":"faq:loan-all-variable-rules:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-all-variable-rules","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"すべての変動ローンが5年・125%ルールを使いますか？","plainText":"いいえ。使わない貸し手もあります。実際の契約を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-all-variable-rules","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。使わない貸し手もあります。実際の契約を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-all-variable-rules"},{"id":"faq:loan-unpaid-interest:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-unpaid-interest","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"未払利息は生じますか？","plainText":"はい。一部の返済制限構造では、利息が予定返済額を超えると未払利息として積み上がり得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-unpaid-interest","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"はい。一部の返済制限構造では、利息が予定返済額を超えると未払利息として積み上がり得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-unpaid-interest"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-amortization:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-amortization","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"返済(償却)とは何ですか？","plainText":"返済による元金の計画的な減少です。元利均等では初期の返済は利息が大半です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-amortization","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"返済による元金の計画的な減少です。元利均等では初期の返済は利息が大半です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-amortization"},{"id":"faq:loan-level-principal-interest:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-level-principal-interest","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"元利均等返済とは何ですか？","plainText":"返済額を一定に保つ構造(金利見直しに服する)で、総利息は元金均等より多くなります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-level-principal-interest","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"返済額を一定に保つ構造(金利見直しに服する)で、総利息は元金均等より多くなります。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-level-principal-interest"},{"id":"faq:loan-level-principal:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-level-principal","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"元金均等返済とは何ですか？","plainText":"毎月同じ元金で総返済額が逓減する方式で、総利息を抑えますが高く始まり、全行が扱うわけではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-level-principal","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"毎月同じ元金で総返済額が逓減する方式で、総利息を抑えますが高く始まり、全行が扱うわけではありません。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-level-principal"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-collateral:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-collateral","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"担保とは何ですか？","plainText":"返済を保全するために差し入れる資産で、住宅ローンでは第一順位の抵当権を登記します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-collateral","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"返済を保全するために差し入れる資産で、住宅ローンでは第一順位の抵当権を登記します。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-collateral"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-mortgage-registration:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-mortgage-registration","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"抵当権設定登記とは何ですか？","plainText":"物件に対する貸し手の登記された担保権です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-mortgage-registration","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"物件に対する貸し手の登記された担保権です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-mortgage-registration"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-guarantee-company:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-guarantee-company","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保証会社とは何ですか？","plainText":"所定の債務不履行時に貸し手へ代位弁済し、その後借り手に請求する会社です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-guarantee-company","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"所定の債務不履行時に貸し手へ代位弁済し、その後借り手に請求する会社です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-guarantee-company"},{"id":"faq:loan-guarantee-erase-debt:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-guarantee-erase-debt","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"代位弁済で私の債務は消えますか？","plainText":"いいえ。請求権は原則保証会社に移り、以後あなたを追及します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-guarantee-erase-debt","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。請求権は原則保証会社に移り、以後あなたを追及します。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-guarantee-erase-debt"},{"id":"faq:loan-total-cost:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-total-cost","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"借入の総コストとは何ですか？","plainText":"保有期間にわたる、利息＋事務手数料や保証料・保険・登記・鑑定・口座条件・繰上返済費用の合計です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-total-cost","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"保有期間にわたる、利息＋事務手数料や保証料・保険・登記・鑑定・口座条件・繰上返済費用の合計です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-total-cost"},{"id":"faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-secured-vs-unsecured","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"担保付きと無担保の違いは？","plainText":"担保付きは担保を差し入れ低金利・長期だが資産を失うリスクがあり、無担保ははるかに高く長寿命資産に不向きです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-secured-vs-unsecured","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"担保付きは担保を差し入れ低金利・長期だが資産を失うリスクがあり、無担保ははるかに高く長寿命資産に不向きです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-secured-vs-unsecured"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-preapproval:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-preapproval","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"事前審査とは何ですか？","plainText":"申告情報による予備審査で、融資の最終的な約束ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-preapproval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"申告情報による予備審査で、融資の最終的な約束ではありません。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-preapproval"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-final-approval:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-final-approval","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"本審査とは何ですか？","plainText":"詳細書類と確認の後の、申込者と物件の本格的な引受です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-final-approval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"詳細書類と確認の後の、申込者と物件の本格的な引受です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-final-approval"},{"id":"faq:loan-approval-fail:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-approval-fail","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"事前審査後に本審査で落ちることはありますか？","plainText":"はい。書類の相違・担保評価の弱さ・保険不承認・雇用の変化・新規債務・物件の不適格があれば落ち得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-approval-fail","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"はい。書類の相違・担保評価の弱さ・保険不承認・雇用の変化・新規債務・物件の不適格があれば落ち得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-approval-fail"},{"id":"faq:loan-preapproval-valid:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-preapproval-valid","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"事前審査の有効期間は？","plainText":"貸し手ごとで通常は期限があります。有効期間を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-preapproval-valid","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"貸し手ごとで通常は期限があります。有効期間を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-preapproval-valid"},{"id":"faq:loan-preapproval-final:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-preapproval-final","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"事前審査と本審査の違いは？","plainText":"事前審査は申告情報を確認し、本審査はあなたと物件を本格的に引き受け、なお落ち得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-preapproval-final","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"事前審査は申告情報を確認し、本審査はあなたと物件を本格的に引き受け、なお落ち得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-preapproval-final"},{"id":"faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-offer-before-preapproval","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"事前審査の前に買付を出すべき？","plainText":"価格が融資可能と分かるよう、先に事前審査を取るほうが安全です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-offer-before-preapproval","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"価格が融資可能と分かるよう、先に事前審査を取るほうが安全です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-offer-before-preapproval"},{"id":"faq:loan-change-jobs:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-change-jobs","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"事前審査の後に転職してよい？","plainText":"開示・承諾がない限り決済まで重大な変化は避けましょう。承認を覆し得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-change-jobs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"開示・承諾がない限り決済まで重大な変化は避けましょう。承認を覆し得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-change-jobs"},{"id":"faq:loan-check-own-credit:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-check-own-credit","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"申込前に自分の信用情報を確認すべき？","plainText":"はい。延滞・本人情報の一致・古い口座に不安があるなら確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-check-own-credit","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"はい。延滞・本人情報の一致・古い口座に不安があるなら確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-check-own-credit"},{"id":"faq:loan-multiple-applications:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-multiple-applications","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"複数申込は信用情報に影響しますか？","plainText":"はい。申込照会は一定期間記録され、CICでは6か月です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-multiple-applications","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"はい。申込照会は一定期間記録され、CICでは6か月です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-multiple-applications"},{"id":"faq:loan-serious-records-remain:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-serious-records-remain","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"重大な信用記録はどれくらい残りますか？","plainText":"機関と事象により、概ね契約期間中と終了後5年までです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-serious-records-remain","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社シー・アイ・シー","url":"https://www.cic.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社日本信用情報機構","url":"https://www.jicc.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"機関と事象により、概ね契約期間中と終了後5年までです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-serious-records-remain"},{"id":"faq:loan-after-decline:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-after-decline","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"否決された後はどうすべき？","plainText":"再申込の前に、信用情報・書類・返済負担率・物件の適格性・貸し手との相性を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-after-decline","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"再申込の前に、信用情報・書類・返済負担率・物件の適格性・貸し手との相性を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-after-decline"},{"id":"faq:loan-late-payment:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-late-payment","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ローンの返済が遅れるとどうなりますか？","plainText":"遅延損害金が発生しますが、より大きなリスクは信用毀損・期限の利益喪失・代位弁済・競売です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-late-payment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"遅延損害金が発生しますが、より大きなリスクは信用毀損・期限の利益喪失・代位弁済・競売です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-late-payment"},{"id":"faq:loan-how-much-down:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-how-much-down","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"頭金はいくら必要ですか？","plainText":"ほとんどなしから20%以上まで様々で、LTVが低いほど条件と承認が良くなりがちです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-how-much-down","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"ほとんどなしから20%以上まで様々で、LTVが低いほど条件と承認が良くなりがちです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-how-much-down"},{"id":"faq:loan-zero-down-safe:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-zero-down-safe","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フルローンは安全ですか？","plainText":"価値が下がると担保割れになり、諸費用や修繕の現金が残らないことがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-zero-down-safe","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"価値が下がると担保割れになり、諸費用や修繕の現金が残らないことがあります。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-zero-down-safe"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-ltv:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-ltv","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"LTV(融資比率)とは何ですか？","plainText":"融資額を、金融機関が認める物件評価または価格で割ったものです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-ltv","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"融資額を、金融機関が認める物件評価または価格で割ったものです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-ltv"},{"id":"faq:loan-ltv-over-100:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-ltv-over-100","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"なぜLTVが100%を超えることがありますか？","plainText":"取引費用を含めるローンがあり、レバレッジとリスクを高めます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-ltv-over-100","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"取引費用を含めるローンがあり、レバレッジとリスクを高めます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-ltv-over-100"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-dti:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-dti","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"返済負担率とは何ですか？","plainText":"年間の返済額を審査対象の年収で割ったもので、住宅ローンだけでなく全債務を数えます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-dti","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"年間の返済額を審査対象の年収で割ったもので、住宅ローンだけでなく全債務を数えます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-dti"},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-ratios:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-ratios","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35の返済比率は？","plainText":"一般に年収400万円未満で30%、400万円以上で35%です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-flat35-ratios","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/user/simulation/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"一般に年収400万円未満で30%、400万円以上で35%です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-flat35-ratios"},{"id":"faq:loan-borrow-maximum:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-borrow-maximum","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"承認上限まで借りるべき？","plainText":"通常は避けましょう。承認は引受の天井であり家計への推奨ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-borrow-maximum","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"通常は避けましょう。承認は引受の天井であり家計への推奨ではありません。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-borrow-maximum"},{"id":"faq:loan-all-savings-down:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-all-savings-down","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"貯金をすべて頭金に使うべき？","plainText":"いいえ。6〜10%の諸費用と緊急・修繕の備えの現金を残しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-all-savings-down","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。6〜10%の諸費用と緊急・修繕の備えの現金を残しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-all-savings-down"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-flat35:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-flat35","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35とは何ですか？","plainText":"住宅金融支援機構が提携する、適格な借り手と住宅向けの全期間固定の住宅ローンで、参加金融機関を通じて提供されます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-flat35","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"住宅金融支援機構が提携する、適格な借り手と住宅向けの全期間固定の住宅ローンで、参加金融機関を通じて提供されます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-flat35"},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-government:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-government","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35は政府の融資ですか？","plainText":"JHFの買取・保証の仕組みの下で参加金融機関を通じて提供され、直接の政府融資ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-flat35-government","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"JHFの買取・保証の仕組みの下で参加金融機関を通じて提供され、直接の政府融資ではありません。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-flat35-government"},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-always-35:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-always-35","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35は必ず35年ですか？","plainText":"いいえ。短いフラット20や適格な長期のフラット50もあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-flat35-always-35","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。短いフラット20や適格な長期のフラット50もあります。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-flat35-always-35"},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-same-everywhere:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-same-everywhere","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35の金利はどこも同じですか？","plainText":"基準金利は近いことがありますが、手数料や商品は異なります。総額で比較しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-flat35-same-everywhere","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"基準金利は近いことがありますが、手数料や商品は異なります。総額で比較しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-flat35-same-everywhere"},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-used-home:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-used-home","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35で中古住宅を買えますか？","plainText":"はい。適格性と物件の技術基準を満たせば可能です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-flat35-used-home","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/tech/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"はい。適格性と物件の技術基準を満たせば可能です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-flat35-used-home"},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-second-home:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-second-home","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35でセカンドハウスを買えますか？","plainText":"本当のセカンドハウスの一部の用途は適格になり得ます。現行条件を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-flat35-second-home","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"本当のセカンドハウスの一部の用途は適格になり得ます。現行条件を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-flat35-second-home"},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-investment:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-investment","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35で投資物件を買えますか？","plainText":"いいえ。通常の賃貸投資ローンとしては使えません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-flat35-investment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。通常の賃貸投資ローンとしては使えません。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-flat35-investment"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-flat35s:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-flat35s","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35Sとは何ですか？","plainText":"適格な住宅性能基準を満たす住宅への金利引下げの枠組みで、所定の当初年数に適用されます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-flat35s","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35s/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"適格な住宅性能基準を満たす住宅への金利引下げの枠組みで、所定の当初年数に適用されます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-flat35s"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-flat35-child:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-flat35-child","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35子育てプラスとは？","plainText":"適格な世帯・住宅条件に連動したポイント制の金利引下げで、所定の当初年数に適用されます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-flat35-child","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Housing Finance Agency","url":"https://www.flat35.com/loan/flat35_reform/child.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"適格な世帯・住宅条件に連動したポイント制の金利引下げで、所定の当初年数に適用されます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-flat35-child"},{"id":"faq:loan-flat35-discounts-permanent:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-flat35-discounts-permanent","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フラット35の優遇は永続ですか？","plainText":"いいえ。多くのポイント引下げは全期間でなく所定の当初年数に適用されます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-flat35-discounts-permanent","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。多くのポイント引下げは全期間でなく所定の当初年数に適用されます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-flat35-discounts-permanent"},{"id":"faq:loan-variable-risky:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-variable-risky","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"変動金利は危険ですか？","plainText":"はい。特に当初金利に返済能力が依存するときに。2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる場合のみ選びましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-variable-risky","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"はい。特に当初金利に返済能力が依存するときに。2〜3%の上昇を売らずに耐えられる場合のみ選びましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-variable-risky"},{"id":"faq:loan-rate-rise:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-rate-rise","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"金利が上がるとどうなりますか？","plainText":"利息コストが上がります。返済額変更の時期は契約の見直し・返済ルールによります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-rate-rise","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"利息コストが上がります。返済額変更の時期は契約の見直し・返済ルールによります。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-rate-rise"},{"id":"faq:loan-fixed-risk-free:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-fixed-risk-free","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"固定金利は無リスクですか？","plainText":"いいえ。所定の金利リスクを取り除きますが、収入・物件・インフレ・人生のリスクは残ります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-fixed-risk-free","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。所定の金利リスクを取り除きますが、収入・物件・インフレ・人生のリスクは残ります。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-fixed-risk-free"},{"id":"faq:loan-fixed-period:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-fixed-period","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"固定期間選択型とは何ですか？","plainText":"当初期間(例：10年)固定し、その後は当時の金利で見直されるローンです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-fixed-period","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"当初期間(例：10年)固定し、その後は当時の金利で見直されるローンです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-fixed-period"},{"id":"faq:loan-after-fixed-period:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-after-fixed-period","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"固定期間の後はどうなりますか？","plainText":"当時の金利と契約上の優遇が適用され、当初金利よりずっと高くなり得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-after-fixed-period","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"当時の金利と契約上の優遇が適用され、当初金利よりずっと高くなり得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-after-fixed-period"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-mixed:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-mixed","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ミックス型とは何ですか？","plainText":"借入を変動と固定の金利タイプに分けたものです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-mixed","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"借入を変動と固定の金利タイプに分けたものです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-mixed"},{"id":"faq:loan-mixing-reduce-risk:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-mixing-reduce-risk","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ミックスはリスクを減らしますか？","plainText":"一つの金利タイプへの集中を減らしますが、最低コストは保証しません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-mixing-reduce-risk","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"一つの金利タイプへの集中を減らしますが、最低コストは保証しません。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-mixing-reduce-risk"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-pair-loan:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-pair-loan","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ペアローンとは何ですか？","plainText":"通常同じ物件について各パートナー1本ずつの、2本の別々のローンです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-pair-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"通常同じ物件について各パートナー1本ずつの、2本の別々のローンです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-pair-loan"},{"id":"faq:loan-pair-two-fees:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-pair-two-fees","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ペアローンは手数料が2倍ですか？","plainText":"しばしばそうです。契約と登記が2つあるためです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-pair-two-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"しばしばそうです。契約と登記が2つあるためです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-pair-two-fees"},{"id":"faq:loan-pair-both-tax-relief:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-pair-both-tax-relief","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"夫婦とも住宅ローン控除を受けられますか？","plainText":"各々の適格な所有・債務・税の状況に応じて、受けられ得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-pair-both-tax-relief","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"各々の適格な所有・債務・税の状況に応じて、受けられ得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-pair-both-tax-relief"},{"id":"faq:loan-pair-divorce:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-pair-divorce","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"離婚するとペアローンはどうなりますか？","plainText":"債務と名義は合法な移転・借換まで残ります。夫婦間の合意だけでは銀行は解放しません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-pair-divorce","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"債務と名義は合法な移転・借換まで残ります。夫婦間の合意だけでは銀行は解放しません。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-pair-divorce"},{"id":"faq:loan-pair-death:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-pair-death","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ペアローンの一方が亡くなるとどうなりますか？","plainText":"団信は原則、連生型でない限り被保険者のローンのみを消し、自動で双方は消しません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-pair-death","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"団信は原則、連生型でない限り被保険者のローンのみを消し、自動で双方は消しません。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-pair-death"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-combined-income:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-combined-income","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"収入合算とは何ですか？","plainText":"1本のローン構造の審査で別の人の収入を数えることで、その人は保証人または連帯債務者になり得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-combined-income","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"1本のローン構造の審査で別の人の収入を数えることで、その人は保証人または連帯債務者になり得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-combined-income"},{"id":"faq:loan-contributor-liable:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-contributor-liable","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"収入を出す人は責任を負いますか？","plainText":"構造により保証人または連帯債務者になり、所有や保険に見合わない責任を負い得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-contributor-liable","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"構造により保証人または連帯債務者になり、所有や保険に見合わない責任を負い得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-contributor-liable"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-parent-child-relay:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-parent-child-relay","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"親子リレーローンとは何ですか？","plainText":"返済期間を若い後継の借り手に一部基づかせるローンです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-parent-child-relay","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"返済期間を若い後継の借り手に一部基づかせるローンです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-parent-child-relay"},{"id":"faq:loan-relay-inheritance:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-relay-inheritance","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"親子リレーは相続対策に向きますか？","plainText":"向き得ますが、名義・債務・保険・兄弟の公平性に専門家の計画が要ります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-relay-inheritance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"向き得ますが、名義・債務・保険・兄弟の公平性に専門家の計画が要ります。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-relay-inheritance"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-refinancing:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-refinancing","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"借り換えとは何ですか？","plainText":"既存の住宅ローンを、多くは別の銀行の新しいローンに置き換えることです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-refinancing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"既存の住宅ローンを、多くは別の銀行の新しいローンに置き換えることです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-refinancing"},{"id":"faq:loan-refinancing-makes-sense:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-refinancing-makes-sense","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"借り換えはいつ得ですか？","plainText":"割引現在価値での節約とリスク改善が、新たな費用のすべてを上回るときです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-refinancing-makes-sense","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"割引現在価値での節約とリスク改善が、新たな費用のすべてを上回るときです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-refinancing-makes-sense"},{"id":"faq:loan-refinancing-health:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-refinancing-health","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"借り換えに健康審査は必要ですか？","plainText":"通常、新たな団信のために必要です。健康状態が悪いと標準の保障が制限され得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-refinancing-health","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"通常、新たな団信のために必要です。健康状態が悪いと標準の保障が制限され得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-refinancing-health"},{"id":"faq:loan-extend-term-refinancing:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-extend-term-refinancing","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"借り換えで期間を延ばせますか？","plainText":"延ばせることもありますが、総利息が増え得ます。低い月返済は節約ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-extend-term-refinancing","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"延ばせることもありますが、総利息が増え得ます。低い月返済は節約ではありません。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-extend-term-refinancing"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-early-repayment:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-early-repayment","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"繰上返済とは何ですか？","plainText":"予定より早く元金を多く返すことです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-early-repayment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"予定より早く元金を多く返すことです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-early-repayment"},{"id":"faq:loan-early-always-best:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-early-always-best","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"繰上返済は常に最善ですか？","plainText":"いいえ。流動性・税額控除・現金の他の用途も重要です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-early-always-best","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。流動性・税額控除・現金の他の用途も重要です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-early-always-best"},{"id":"faq:loan-term-vs-payment-reduction:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-term-vs-payment-reduction","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"期間短縮と返済額軽減はどちらが得？","plainText":"他条件が同じなら、通常は期間短縮のほうが利息の節約になります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-term-vs-payment-reduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"他条件が同じなら、通常は期間短縮のほうが利息の節約になります。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-term-vs-payment-reduction"},{"id":"faq:loan-online-early-free:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-online-early-free","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"オンラインの繰上返済は無料ですか？","plainText":"多くは無料ですが、貸し手と方法で異なります。契約を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-online-early-free","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"多くは無料ですが、貸し手と方法で異なります。契約を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-online-early-free"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-renovation-loan:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-renovation-loan","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"リフォームローンとは何ですか？","plainText":"修繕・改装・省エネ改良のための資金です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-renovation-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"修繕・改装・省エネ改良のための資金です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-renovation-loan"},{"id":"faq:loan-renovation-in-mortgage:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-renovation-in-mortgage","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"リフォーム費用を住宅ローンに含められますか？","plainText":"購入＋リフォーム一体型の商品で可能で、通常は無担保より安いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-renovation-in-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"購入＋リフォーム一体型の商品で可能で、通常は無担保より安いです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-renovation-in-mortgage"},{"id":"faq:loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"無担保のリフォーム資金は高いですか？","plainText":"通常、抵当権付きより高くつきます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"通常、抵当権付きより高くつきます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-unsecured-renovation-expensive"},{"id":"faq:loan-renovation-increase-value:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-renovation-increase-value","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"リフォームは必ず価値を上げますか？","plainText":"いいえ。個性的・過剰な工事は売却で回収できないことがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-renovation-increase-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。個性的・過剰な工事は売却で回収できないことがあります。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-renovation-increase-value"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-bridge:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-bridge","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"つなぎ融資とは何ですか？","plainText":"本融資の資金が使えるようになる前の、短期の資金です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-bridge","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"本融資の資金が使えるようになる前の、短期の資金です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-bridge"},{"id":"faq:loan-who-uses-bridge:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-who-uses-bridge","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"つなぎ融資は誰が使いますか？","plainText":"主に土地＋建築や分割建築の買い手です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-who-uses-bridge","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"主に土地＋建築や分割建築の買い手です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-who-uses-bridge"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-reverse-mortgage:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-reverse-mortgage","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"リバースモーゲージとは何ですか？","plainText":"高齢の所有者が自宅の資産価値を担保に借り、返済を原則死亡または売却まで繰り延べる仕組みです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-reverse-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"高齢の所有者が自宅の資産価値を担保に借り、返済を原則死亡または売却まで繰り延べる仕組みです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-reverse-mortgage"},{"id":"faq:loan-reverse-exceed-value:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-reverse-exceed-value","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"リバースモーゲージの債務は住宅価値を超えますか？","plainText":"商品で扱いが異なります。遡及・評価・相続人の選択肢を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-reverse-exceed-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"商品で扱いが異なります。遡及・評価・相続人の選択肢を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-reverse-exceed-value"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-secured-property-loan:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-secured-property-loan","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産担保ローンとは何ですか？","plainText":"不動産への抵当権登記を担保にした、広い目的のためのローンです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-secured-property-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"不動産への抵当権登記を担保にした、広い目的のためのローンです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-secured-property-loan"},{"id":"faq:loan-secure-consumer-spending:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-secure-consumer-spending","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"消費支出のために自宅を担保にすべき？","plainText":"概ねいいえ。支出リスクを住まいを失うリスクに変えます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-secure-consumer-spending","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"概ねいいえ。支出リスクを住まいを失うリスクに変えます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-secure-consumer-spending"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-bank-card-loan:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-bank-card-loan","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"銀行カードローンとは何ですか？","plainText":"銀行のリボ払い無担保信用枠で、貸金業の3分の1規制の外ですが金利は依然高いことが多いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-bank-card-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"銀行のリボ払い無担保信用枠で、貸金業の3分の1規制の外ですが金利は依然高いことが多いです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-bank-card-loan"},{"id":"faq:loan-card-loan-onethird:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-card-loan-onethird","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"銀行カードローンは総量規制の対象ですか？","plainText":"銀行融資はこの規制の外ですが、銀行は独自の限度を設けます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-card-loan-onethird","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"銀行融資はこの規制の外ですが、銀行は独自の限度を設けます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-card-loan-onethird"},{"id":"faq:loan-finance-company-covered:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-finance-company-covered","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"信販会社のキャッシングは総量規制の対象ですか？","plainText":"概ねそうです。対象となる貸金業の借入です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-finance-company-covered","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"概ねそうです。対象となる貸金業の借入です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-finance-company-covered"},{"id":"faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-card-loan-mortgage","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"カードローンの利用は住宅ローン審査に響きますか？","plainText":"はい。残高・返済負担・信用行動を通じて。使っていない枠でも余力を減らし得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-card-loan-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"はい。残高・返済負担・信用行動を通じて。使っていない枠でも余力を減らし得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-card-loan-mortgage"},{"id":"faq:loan-onethird-rule:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-onethird-rule","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"年収3分の1の総量規制とは？","plainText":"対象残高が年収の3分の1を超えると新規の貸金業者からの借入が原則制限されます。銀行・住宅ローンは対象外です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-onethird-rule","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/kashikin/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"対象残高が年収の3分の1を超えると新規の貸金業者からの借入が原則制限されます。銀行・住宅ローンは対象外です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-onethird-rule"},{"id":"faq:loan-borrow-down-payment:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-borrow-down-payment","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"頭金を借りてよいですか？","plainText":"非開示の借入は危険で、否決や虚偽の懸念を招き得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-borrow-down-payment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"非開示の借入は危険で、否決や虚偽の懸念を招き得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-borrow-down-payment"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-auto-bank-loan:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-auto-bank-loan","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"銀行の自動車ローンとは何ですか？","plainText":"銀行や提携先による車両専用の融資で、利息コストが明確なことが多いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-auto-bank-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"銀行や提携先による車両専用の融資で、利息コストが明確なことが多いです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-auto-bank-loan"},{"id":"faq:loan-dealer-financing-cheaper:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-dealer-financing-cheaper","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ディーラー分割は安いですか？","plainText":"値引き後に安いこともありますが、車両の現金価格と総融資コストを別々に比較しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-dealer-financing-cheaper","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"値引き後に安いこともありますが、車両の現金価格と総融資コストを別々に比較しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-dealer-financing-cheaper"},{"id":"faq:loan-residual-value:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-residual-value","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"残価型ローンとは何ですか？","plainText":"想定される将来の車両価値に一部基づいて支払いを決め、バルーンや返却条件を残す方式です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-residual-value","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"想定される将来の車両価値に一部基づいて支払いを決め、バルーンや返却条件を残す方式です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-residual-value"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-education-loan:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-education-loan","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"教育ローンとは何ですか？","plainText":"公的・民間のルートによる、学費と関連する教育費のための目的融資です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-education-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"公的・民間のルートによる、学費と関連する教育費のための目的融資です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-education-loan"},{"id":"faq:loan-sole-proprietor-business:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-sole-proprietor-business","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"個人事業主は事業ローンを得られますか？","plainText":"はい。決算・確定申告・事業目的の分析を使います。ただし成り立たない事業を支えるために自宅の担保価値を使わないこと。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-sole-proprietor-business","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"はい。決算・確定申告・事業目的の分析を使います。ただし成り立たない事業を支えるために自宅の担保価値を使わないこと。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-sole-proprietor-business"},{"id":"faq:loan-cash-beyond-price:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-cash-beyond-price","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"価格以外にどんな現金が必要ですか？","plainText":"頭金に加え、価格の概ね6〜10%の諸費用と、緊急・修繕の備えです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-cash-beyond-price","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"頭金に加え、価格の概ね6〜10%の諸費用と、緊急・修繕の備えです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-cash-beyond-price"},{"id":"faq:loan-fees-outside-price:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-fees-outside-price","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"物件価格の外の費用は何ですか？","plainText":"仲介・ローン・登記・税・保険・検査・リフォーム・引越・備えです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-fees-outside-price","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"仲介・ローン・登記・税・保険・検査・リフォーム・引越・備えです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-fees-outside-price"},{"id":"faq:loan-earnest-extra-cost:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-earnest-extra-cost","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"手付金は追加費用ですか？","plainText":"いいえ。通常は決済時に代金へ充当されます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-earnest-extra-cost","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。通常は決済時に代金へ充当されます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-earnest-extra-cost"},{"id":"faq:loan-earnest-money-size:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-earnest-money-size","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"手付金はどれくらいですか？","plainText":"交渉で決まります。5〜10%が市場慣行ですが必須ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-earnest-money-size","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"交渉で決まります。5〜10%が市場慣行ですが必須ではありません。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-earnest-money-size"},{"id":"faq:loan-financing-clause:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-financing-clause","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン特約とは何ですか？","plainText":"所定の融資が不成立の場合の解除と手付返還を定める契約条項です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-financing-clause","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"所定の融資が不成立の場合の解除と手付返還を定める契約条項です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-financing-clause"},{"id":"faq:loan-deposit-returned:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-deposit-returned","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"融資が不成立なら手付は必ず戻りますか？","plainText":"契約の住宅ローン特約が適用され、その要件を満たした場合のみです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-deposit-returned","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"契約の住宅ローン特約が適用され、その要件を満たした場合のみです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-deposit-returned"},{"id":"faq:loan-brokerage-commission:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-brokerage-commission","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"仲介手数料とは何ですか？","plainText":"免許を持つ仲介への報酬で、価格と取引に応じた法定上限があります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-brokerage-commission","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"免許を持つ仲介への報酬で、価格と取引に応じた法定上限があります。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-brokerage-commission"},{"id":"faq:loan-developer-brokerage:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-developer-brokerage","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"新築デベロッパー物件に買主の仲介手数料はありますか？","plainText":"売主から直接買う場合はないことが多いですが、取引の形を確認しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-developer-brokerage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"売主から直接買う場合はないことが多いですが、取引の形を確認しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-developer-brokerage"},{"id":"faq:loan-judicial-scrivener:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-judicial-scrivener","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"なぜ司法書士を使うのですか？","plainText":"所有権と抵当権の登記を準備・申請し、決済の手続きを確認するためです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-judicial-scrivener","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"所有権と抵当権の登記を準備・申請し、決済の手続きを確認するためです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-judicial-scrivener"},{"id":"faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-cheapest-mortgage","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"一番安い住宅ローンはどう探しますか？","plainText":"表面金利でなく、保有期間の総コスト(実行金利・手数料・保険・繰上返済費用)で比較します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-cheapest-mortgage","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"表面金利でなく、保有期間の総コスト(実行金利・手数料・保険・繰上返済費用)で比較します。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-cheapest-mortgage"},{"id":"faq:loan-compare-fairly:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-compare-fairly","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"金融機関を公平に比較するには？","plainText":"すべての見積りで、同じ実行日・LTV・期間・保険・手数料・保有期間を使います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-compare-fairly","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"すべての見積りで、同じ実行日・LTV・期間・保険・手数料・保有期間を使います。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-compare-fairly"},{"id":"faq:loan-how-many-lenders:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-how-many-lenders","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"何行に当たるべきですか？","plainText":"メガバンク・ネット銀行・関係銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅するだけ。ただし同時の過剰な照会は避けます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-how-many-lenders","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"メガバンク・ネット銀行・関係銀行・必要な専門ルートを網羅するだけ。ただし同時の過剰な照会は避けます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-how-many-lenders"},{"id":"faq:loan-registration-tax:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-registration-tax","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"登録免許税とは何ですか？","plainText":"所定の登記(所有権移転と抵当権設定)にかかる税で、評価額と軽減に基づきます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-registration-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7191.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"所定の登記(所有権移転と抵当権設定)にかかる税で、評価額と軽減に基づきます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-registration-tax"},{"id":"faq:loan-acquisition-tax:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-acquisition-tax","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不動産取得税とは何ですか？","plainText":"取得後に課される都道府県税で、評価額に基づき、住宅の軽減で減り得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-acquisition-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cl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Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"年末の適格なローン残高に基づく所得税の税額控除(0.7%の枠組み)で、条件があります。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-mortgage-tax-deduction"},{"id":"faq:loan-deduction-automatic:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-deduction-automatic","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"2026年の住宅ローン控除は自動ですか？","plainText":"いいえ。適格性と申告要件を満たす必要があり、通常は初年度に確定申告します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-deduction-automatic","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax 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Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"一般的な適用所得の上限は2,000万円で、床面積の追加条件があります。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-deduction-income-limit"},{"id":"faq:loan-file-first-year:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-file-first-year","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"初年度に確定申告は必要ですか？","plainText":"住宅ローン控除の初回請求には通常必要です。以後は会社員なら年末調整で受けられます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-file-first-year","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1211-1.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"住宅ローン控除の初回請求には通常必要です。以後は会社員なら年末調整で受けられます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-file-first-year"},{"id":"faq:loan-selling-tax:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-selling-tax","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"売却時にどんな税がかかりますか？","plainText":"取得費・費用・特例後の課税譲渡益にかかる譲渡所得税で、総額ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-selling-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"取得費・費用・特例後の課税譲渡益にかかる譲渡所得税で、総額ではありません。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-selling-tax"},{"id":"faq:loan-sale-price-minus-purchase:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-sale-price-minus-purchase","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"売却価格−購入価格が課税譲渡益ですか？","plainText":"必ずしもそうではありません。減価償却と取引費用が取得費と譲渡益に影響します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-sale-price-minus-purchase","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3211.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"必ずしもそうではありません。減価償却と取引費用が取得費と譲渡益に影響します。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-sale-price-minus-purchase"},{"id":"faq:loan-30-million-deduction:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-30-million-deduction","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"3,000万円の特別控除とは何ですか？","plainText":"適格な自宅の譲渡益から最大3,000万円を控除できる場合がある制度で、条件があります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-30-million-deduction","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Tax Agency","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/joto/3302.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"適格な自宅の譲渡益から最大3,000万円を控除できる場合がある制度で、条件があります。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-30-million-deduction"},{"id":"faq:loan-rental-income-taxable:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-rental-income-taxable","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"家賃収入は課税されますか？","plainText":"はい。純課税不動産所得は原則申告が必要です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-rental-income-taxable","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"はい。純課税不動産所得は原則申告が必要です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-rental-income-taxable"},{"id":"faq:loan-deduct-mortgage-from-rent:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-deduct-mortgage-from-rent","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"家賃から住宅ローンの支払い全額を控除できますか？","plainText":"いいえ。元金は通常控除できる経費でなく、利息は控除され得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-deduct-mortgage-from-rent","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。元金は通常控除できる経費でなく、利息は控除され得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-deduct-mortgage-from-rent"},{"id":"faq:loan-interest-deductible-rental:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-interest-deductible-rental","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"賃貸物件の住宅ローン利息は控除できますか？","plainText":"所得税のルールで、制限と按分の問題の下で控除され得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-interest-deductible-rental","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1370.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"所得税のルールで、制限と按分の問題の下で控除され得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-interest-deductible-rental"},{"id":"faq:loan-depreciation-cash:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-depreciation-cash","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"減価償却は現金収入ですか？","plainText":"いいえ。税務会計上の控除であり、現金の支出も受取もありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-depreciation-cash","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。税務会計上の控除であり、現金の支出も受取もありません。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-depreciation-cash"},{"id":"faq:loan-inheritance-registration:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-inheritance-registration","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"相続登記は義務ですか？","plainText":"はい。改正制度の下で相続登記の義務が適用されます。期限と経過措置の確認が必要です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-inheritance-registration","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Justice","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji05_00560.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"はい。改正制度の下で相続登記の義務が適用されます。期限と経過措置の確認が必要です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-inheritance-registration"},{"id":"faq:loan-spouses-5050:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-spouses-5050","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"夫婦は50/50で所有すべき？","plainText":"拠出・債務・贈与税・支配・将来の売却への影響がそれを支持する場合のみです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-spouses-5050","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"拠出・債務・贈与税・支配・将来の売却への影響がそれを支持する場合のみです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-spouses-5050"},{"id":"faq:loan-unequal-gift-tax:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-unequal-gift-tax","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"不均等な支払いは贈与税の問題になりますか？","plainText":"法的所有と経済的拠出が異なるとき、なり得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-unequal-gift-tax","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"法的所有と経済的拠出が異なるとき、なり得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-unequal-gift-tax"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-freehold:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-freehold","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"所有権とは何ですか？","plainText":"固定された借地の期限がなく、法と税に服する所有です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-freehold","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"固定された借地の期限がなく、法と税に服する所有です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-freehold"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-leasehold:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-leasehold","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"借地権とは何ですか？","plainText":"他人が所有する土地を使う権利で、地代と承諾に服します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-leasehold","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"他人が所有する土地を使う権利で、地代と承諾に服します。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-leasehold"},{"id":"faq:loan-leasehold-bad:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-leasehold-bad","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"借地権は常に不利ですか？","plainText":"いいえ。ただし融資・承諾・地代・更新・残存期間がすべて重要です。専門家の確認を。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-leasehold-bad","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。ただし融資・承諾・地代・更新・残存期間がすべて重要です。専門家の確認を。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-leasehold-bad"},{"id":"faq:loan-fixed-term-leasehold:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-fixed-term-leasehold","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"定期借地権とは何ですか？","plainText":"定めた期間で終わる借地権で、残存期間の短縮が価値と融資を損ない得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-fixed-term-leasehold","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"定めた期間で終わる借地権で、残存期間の短縮が価値と融資を損ない得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-fixed-term-leasehold"},{"id":"faq:loan-non-rebuildable:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-non-rebuildable","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"再建築不可物件とは何ですか？","plainText":"現行の接道や都市計画のルールでは、建て替えの許可を通常受けられない物件です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-non-rebuildable","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"現行の接道や都市計画のルールでは、建て替えの許可を通常受けられない物件です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-non-rebuildable"},{"id":"faq:loan-mortgage-non-rebuildable:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-mortgage-non-rebuildable","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"再建築不可物件で住宅ローンを組めますか？","plainText":"主流の融資は難しく、LTVは低いことが多いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-mortgage-non-rebuildable","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"主流の融資は難しく、LTVは低いことが多いです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-mortgage-non-rebuildable"},{"id":"faq:loan-new-seismic:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-new-seismic","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"新耐震基準とは何ですか？","plainText":"1981年以降の基準体系への一般的な言及で、建物固有の保証ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-new-seismic","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"1981年以降の基準体系への一般的な言及で、建物固有の保証ではありません。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-new-seismic"},{"id":"faq:loan-avoid-pre-1981:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-avoid-pre-1981","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"1981年以前の建物はすべて避けるべき？","plainText":"一律ではありません。改修・構造・地盤・維持・書類を検査しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-avoid-pre-1981","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"一律ではありません。改修・構造・地盤・維持・書類を検査しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-avoid-pre-1981"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-inspection:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-inspection","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"建物状況調査(ホームインスペクション)とは？","plainText":"有資格者による所定部位の目視・計測の状態調査で、隠れた瑕疵の不存在は保証しません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-inspection","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"有資格者による所定部位の目視・計測の状態調査で、隠れた瑕疵の不存在は保証しません。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-inspection"},{"id":"faq:loan-inspection-guarantee:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-inspection-guarantee","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"検査で隠れた瑕疵がないと保証されますか？","plainText":"いいえ。その時点で見えて計測できるものを報告するものです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-inspection-guarantee","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/totikensangyo/const/sosei_const_tk3_000133.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。その時点で見えて計測できるものを報告するものです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-inspection-guarantee"},{"id":"faq:loan-who-selects-inspector:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-who-selects-inspector","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"検査人は誰が選ぶべき？","plainText":"望ましくは買主が、売主や施工業者から独立して選びます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-who-selects-inspector","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"望ましくは買主が、売主や施工業者から独立して選びます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-who-selects-inspector"},{"id":"faq:loan-defect-insurance:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-defect-insurance","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"瑕疵保険とは何ですか？","plainText":"定められた条件の下で所定の適格な瑕疵を補償する保険です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-defect-insurance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"定められた条件の下で所定の適格な瑕疵を補償する保険です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-defect-insurance"},{"id":"faq:loan-stigmatized:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-stigmatized","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"心理的瑕疵物件とは何ですか？","plainText":"取引に影響する重大な心理的な出来事や事情に関連する物件です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-stigmatized","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"取引に影響する重大な心理的な出来事や事情に関連する物件です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-stigmatized"},{"id":"faq:loan-disclose-forever:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-disclose-forever","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"過去の出来事は永久に告知が必要ですか？","plainText":"いいえ。告知は事実・時期・取引・法的指針によります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-disclose-forever","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。告知は事実・時期・取引・法的指針によります。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-disclose-forever"},{"id":"faq:loan-hazard-map:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-hazard-map","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ハザードマップとは何ですか？","plainText":"浸水・津波・液状化などの所定の災害リスクを示す公式のモデル地図です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-hazard-map","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国土交通省","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"浸水・津波・液状化などの所定の災害リスクを示す公式のモデル地図です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-hazard-map"},{"id":"faq:loan-outside-hazard-zone:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-outside-hazard-zone","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ハザード区域の外なら安全ですか？","plainText":"いいえ。モデルは超え得るため、地図と現地観察を組み合わせましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-outside-hazard-zone","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国土交通省","url":"https://disaportal.gsi.go.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。モデルは超え得るため、地図と現地観察を組み合わせましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-outside-hazard-zone"},{"id":"faq:loan-vacant-house:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-vacant-house","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"地方の空き家を買うべき？","plainText":"権利・接道・構造・インフラ・改装・地域需要を確認した後にのみ。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-vacant-house","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Statistics Bureau of Japan","url":"https://www.stat.go.jp/data/jyutaku/index.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"権利・接道・構造・インフラ・改装・地域需要を確認した後にのみ。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-vacant-house"},{"id":"faq:loan-vacant-cheap-renovate:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-vacant-cheap-renovate","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"空き家の改装は安いですか？","plainText":"しばしば違います。隠れた構造・屋根・配管・浄化槽・処分の工事が価格を超え得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-vacant-cheap-renovate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"しばしば違います。隠れた構造・屋根・配管・浄化槽・処分の工事が価格を超え得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-vacant-cheap-renovate"},{"id":"faq:loan-resale-difficult:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-resale-difficult","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"売却はどれくらい難しいですか？","plainText":"物件次第です。特殊・古い・遠隔・借地・融資が付きにくい資産は時間がかかります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-resale-difficult","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"物件次第です。特殊・古い・遠隔・借地・融資が付きにくい資産は時間がかかります。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-resale-difficult"},{"id":"faq:loan-estimate-resale:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-estimate-resale","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"売却価値はどう見積もりますか？","plainText":"取引事例・土地の持分・建物の状態・権利・将来の買い手の融資可否を使います。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-estimate-resale","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.reinfolib.mlit.go.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"取引事例・土地の持分・建物の状態・権利・将来の買い手の融資可否を使います。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-estimate-resale"},{"id":"faq:loan-homes-depreciate:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-homes-depreciate","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の住宅はゼロまで減価しますか？","plainText":"建物は市場慣行で大きく減価し得ますが、土地・立地・質で結果は様々です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-homes-depreciate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"建物は市場慣行で大きく減価し得ますが、土地・立地・質で結果は様々です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-homes-depreciate"},{"id":"faq:loan-station-distance:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-station-distance","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"駅距離はなぜ重要ですか？","plainText":"多くの市場で、利便・入居需要・売却の厚みに強く影響するためです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-station-distance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"多くの市場で、利便・入居需要・売却の厚みに強く影響するためです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-station-distance"},{"id":"faq:loan-condo-check:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-condo-check","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マンションで何を確認すべき？","plainText":"積立金・修繕計画・滞納・議事録・規約・保険・訴訟・予定される大規模工事です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-condo-check","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/jutakukentiku/house/jutakukentiku_house_tk5_000052.html","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"積立金・修繕計画・滞納・議事録・規約・保険・訴訟・予定される大規模工事です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-condo-check"},{"id":"faq:loan-condo-fees:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-condo-fees","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マンションの管理費とは何ですか？","plainText":"通常の共用運営への支払いで、大規模修繕のためには貯めません(それは修繕積立金)。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-condo-fees","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"通常の共用運営への支払いで、大規模修繕のためには貯めません(それは修繕積立金)。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-condo-fees"},{"id":"faq:loan-repair-reserve:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-repair-reserve","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"修繕積立金とは何ですか？","plainText":"屋根・外壁・配管・エレベーターなどの大規模修繕のために貯めるお金です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-repair-reserve","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"屋根・外壁・配管・エレベーターなどの大規模修繕のために貯めるお金です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-repair-reserve"},{"id":"faq:loan-reserve-rise:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-reserve-rise","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"修繕積立金は上がりますか？","plainText":"はい。特に低く始まり逓増する段階増額計画で上がります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-reserve-rise","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"はい。特に低く始まり逓増する段階増額計画で上がります。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-reserve-rise"},{"id":"faq:loan-special-assessment:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-special-assessment","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"一時金(特別徴収)とは何ですか？","plainText":"積立金が必要な工事に足りないときの、所有者への追加負担です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-special-assessment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"積立金が必要な工事に足りないときの、所有者への追加負担です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-special-assessment"},{"id":"faq:loan-renovate-condo:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-renovate-condo","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マンションの内装は自由にリフォームできますか？","plainText":"いいえ。規約と構造・共用部分の規則が適用されます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-renovate-condo","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。規約と構造・共用部分の規則が適用されます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-renovate-condo"},{"id":"faq:loan-replace-windows:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-replace-windows","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マンションの窓は自分で交換できますか？","plainText":"窓は変更が制限される共用部分であることが多いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-replace-windows","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"窓は変更が制限される共用部分であることが多いです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-replace-windows"},{"id":"faq:loan-pets:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-pets","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マンションでペットは飼えますか？","plainText":"建物の規則が認め、所定の範囲内である場合のみです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-pets","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"建物の規則が認め、所定の範囲内である場合のみです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-pets"},{"id":"faq:loan-rent-out-mortgaged:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-rent-out-mortgaged","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン中の家を貸せますか？","plainText":"融資の同意と、ローン・税・保険・建築規約の順守があって初めて可能です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-rent-out-mortgaged","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"融資の同意と、ローン・税・保険・建築規約の順守があって初めて可能です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-rent-out-mortgaged"},{"id":"faq:loan-airbnb-condo:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-airbnb-condo","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マンションでAirbnb(民泊)はできますか？","plainText":"国の法・自治体条例・管理規約・融資・保険のすべてが認めて初めて可能です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-airbnb-condo","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"国の法・自治体条例・管理規約・融資・保険のすべてが認めて初めて可能です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-airbnb-condo"},{"id":"faq:loan-180-days:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-180-days","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"民泊は必ず180日できますか？","plainText":"いいえ。国の上限は自治体や管理組合の制限を上書きしません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-180-days","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Japan Tourism Agency / MLIT","url":"https://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/minpaku/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。国の上限は自治体や管理組合の制限を上書きしません。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-180-days"},{"id":"faq:loan-move-overseas:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-move-overseas","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外へ引っ越すとどうなりますか？","plainText":"融資・保険・税務当局・管理会社に届け出ましょう。居住条件が対応を求め得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-move-overseas","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"融資・保険・税務当局・管理会社に届け出ましょう。居住条件が対応を求め得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-move-overseas"},{"id":"faq:loan-leave-vacant:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-leave-vacant","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"物件を空室のままにできますか？","plainText":"通常は一時的に可能ですが、保険・維持・ローン条件の確認が必要です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-leave-vacant","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"通常は一時的に可能ですが、保険・維持・ローン条件の確認が必要です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-leave-vacant"},{"id":"faq:loan-emergency-cash-owner:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-emergency-cash-owner","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"所有者はどれくらい緊急資金を持つべき？","plainText":"一般的な目安は、数か月分の生活費に加え物件固有の修繕積立です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-emergency-cash-owner","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"一般的な目安は、数か月分の生活費に加え物件固有の修繕積立です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-emergency-cash-owner"},{"id":"faq:loan-fire-earthquake:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-fire-earthquake","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅所有者に火災・地震保険は必要ですか？","plainText":"貸し手は一般に火災保険を求めます。地震保険は別建てで火災保険に付帯が必要で、上限があり生活再建向けです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-fire-earthquake","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"貸し手は一般に火災保険を求めます。地震保険は別建てで火災保険に付帯が必要で、上限があり生活再建向けです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-fire-earthquake"},{"id":"faq:loan-fire-insurance-mandatory:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-fire-insurance-mandatory","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"火災保険は必須ですか？","plainText":"貸し手は一般に、住宅ローンの条件として建物に十分な補償を求めます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-fire-insurance-mandatory","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"貸し手は一般に、住宅ローンの条件として建物に十分な補償を求めます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-fire-insurance-mandatory"},{"id":"faq:loan-fire-earthquake-fire:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-fire-earthquake-fire","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"火災保険は地震による火災を補償しますか？","plainText":"通常の火災保険は概ね補償しません。地震保険が必要です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-fire-earthquake-fire","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"通常の火災保険は概ね補償しません。地震保険が必要です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-fire-earthquake-fire"},{"id":"faq:loan-earthquake-rebuild:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-earthquake-rebuild","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"地震保険で住まい全体を再建できますか？","plainText":"必ずしもできません。保険金額は上限(建物5,000万・家財1,000万)があり、生活再建向けです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-earthquake-rebuild","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"必ずしもできません。保険金額は上限(建物5,000万・家財1,000万)があり、生活再建向けです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-earthquake-rebuild"},{"id":"faq:loan-condo-earthquake:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-condo-earthquake","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マンション所有者は地震保険に入るべき？","plainText":"共用部分の組合の補償を確認しつつ、住戸と家財の補償を検討しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-condo-earthquake","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[{"publisher":"General Insurance Association of Japan","url":"https://www.jishin-hoken.jp/","official":true}],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"共用部分の組合の補償を確認しつつ、住戸と家財の補償を検討しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-condo-earthquake"},{"id":"faq:loan-bundle-insurance:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-bundle-insurance","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"保険は貸し手とセットにできますか？","plainText":"はい。ただし認められる範囲で外部の見積りと手数料を比較しましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-bundle-insurance","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"はい。ただし認められる範囲で外部の見積りと手数料を比較しましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-bundle-insurance"},{"id":"faq:loan-records-keep:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-records-keep","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"購入後どんな記録を保管すべき？","plainText":"契約・重要事項説明・請求書・登記・ローン記録・リフォームの証拠・税の申告です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-records-keep","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"契約・重要事項説明・請求書・登記・ローン記録・リフォームの証拠・税の申告です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-records-keep"},{"id":"faq:loan-good-investment:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-good-investment","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の不動産は良い投資ですか？","plainText":"一部の資産はそうです。国という括りだけでリターンは決まりません。純キャッシュフローと出口で採算を見ましょう。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-good-investment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"一部の資産はそうです。国という括りだけでリターンは決まりません。純キャッシュフローと出口で採算を見ましょう。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-good-investment"},{"id":"faq:loan-tokyo-liquid:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-tokyo-liquid","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"東京の物件は常に流動的ですか？","plainText":"いいえ。価格・広さ・権利・建物・ミクロの立地がすべて効きます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-tokyo-liquid","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。価格・広さ・権利・建物・ミクロの立地がすべて効きます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-tokyo-liquid"},{"id":"faq:loan-regional-yields:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-regional-yields","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"地方都市の利回りは良いですか？","plainText":"粗利回りは高いことがありますが、しばしば空室と出口リスクとの引き換えです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-regional-yields","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"粗利回りは高いことがありますが、しばしば空室と出口リスクとの引き換えです。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-regional-yields"},{"id":"faq:loan-gross-yield:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-gross-yield","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"高い粗利回りは魅力的ですか？","plainText":"費用・賃料の持続性・適法性・出口を確認した後にのみ。粗利回りはキャッシュフローではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-gross-yield","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"費用・賃料の持続性・適法性・出口を確認した後にのみ。粗利回りはキャッシュフローではありません。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-gross-yield"},{"id":"faq:loan-residential-for-investment:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-residential-for-investment","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"居住用ローンを投資に使えますか？","plainText":"いいえ。貸し手が明示的に認めない限り不可で、居住の偽装は重大な帰結を招きます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-residential-for-investment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。貸し手が明示的に認めない限り不可で、居住の偽装は重大な帰結を招きます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-residential-for-investment"},{"id":"faq:loan-misstate-occupancy:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-misstate-occupancy","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"居住を偽るとどうなりますか？","plainText":"否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺の懸念・保険や税の帰結が生じ得ます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-misstate-occupancy","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"否決・期限の利益喪失・詐欺の懸念・保険や税の帰結が生じ得ます。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-misstate-occupancy"},{"id":"faq:loan-what-apartment-loan:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-what-apartment-loan","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"一棟アパートローンとは何ですか？","plainText":"賃貸の建物一棟のための事業目的の融資です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-what-apartment-loan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"賃貸の建物一棟のための事業目的の融資です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-what-apartment-loan"},{"id":"faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse:ja","entityId":"faq:loan-investment-nonrecourse","entityType":"faq","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"投資ローンは常に非遡及ですか？","plainText":"いいえ。日本のローンは書面に別段の定めがない限り通常リコース(遡及)です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/questions#loan-investment-nonrecourse","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"],"personas":[]},"sources":[],"type":"faq","cluster":"loans","text":"いいえ。日本のローンは書面に別段の定めがない限り通常リコース(遡及)です。","url":"/ja/questions#loan-investment-nonrecourse"},{"id":"product:sony-bank:ja","entityId":"product:sony-bank","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Sony Bank","plainText":"ネット銀行\n外貨機能に強く、評価の高いアプリと比較的英語に親しみやすいサービスで、居住者に人気のネット銀行。\nマルチカレンシー口座と為替に強いデビットカード\n評価の高いアプリとオンライン中心の体験\n口座ランクに応じたATM・振込の無料枠\n対面窓口となる店舗はない\n一部の公式書類は日本語が中心\n口座維持費は無料。ATM・振込手数料はランクにより異なる（最新の手数料表を要確認）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/sony-bank","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sony-bank"],"families":["family:sony-bank"],"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ソニー銀行株式会社","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"banking","text":"ネット銀行\n外貨機能に強く、評価の高いアプリと比較的英語に親しみやすいサービスで、居住者に人気のネット銀行。\nマルチカレンシー口座と為替に強いデビットカード\n評価の高いアプリとオンライン中心の体験\n口座ランクに応じたATM・振込の無料枠\n対面窓口となる店舗はない\n一部の公式書類は日本語が中心\n口座維持費は無料。ATM・振込手数料はランクにより異なる（最新の手数料表を要確認）。","url":"/ja/products/sony-bank"},{"id":"product:smbc-prestia:ja","entityId":"product:smbc-prestia","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SMBC Trust Bank PRESTIA","plainText":"銀行（英語対応）\n英語対応・マルチカレンシー口座・国際的なニーズで最も推薦されがちな、国際志向の居住者向けの銀行。\n英語での一貫したサポートと書類\nマルチカレンシー・海外送金の機能\n英語での店舗・電話サポート\n手数料は高めのことがあり、一部は残高条件で無料化\nプレミアム/国際型の位置づけ\n口座・振込手数料は変動し、残高に応じた無料化がある（最新の手数料表を要確認）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/smbc-prestia","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-trust-bank"],"families":["family:smbc-prestia"],"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社SMBC信託銀行","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"banking","text":"銀行（英語対応）\n英語対応・マルチカレンシー口座・国際的なニーズで最も推薦されがちな、国際志向の居住者向けの銀行。\n英語での一貫したサポートと書類\nマルチカレンシー・海外送金の機能\n英語での店舗・電話サポート\n手数料は高めのことがあり、一部は残高条件で無料化\nプレミアム/国際型の位置づけ\n口座・振込手数料は変動し、残高に応じた無料化がある（最新の手数料表を要確認）。","url":"/ja/products/smbc-prestia"},{"id":"product:rakuten-bank:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-bank","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Bank","plainText":"ネット銀行\n楽天経済圏（カード・ポイント・証券）と密に連携した大手ネット銀行で、日常使いに人気。\n楽天ポイント・経済圏との深い連携\n口座ランクに応じた手数料無料・ポイント付与\n楽天証券との連携がスムーズ\n英語対応は一部\n他の楽天サービスを使うほど利点が大きい\n口座維持費は無料。ATM・振込手数料は会員ランクにより異なる（最新の手数料表を要確認）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-bank","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-bank"],"families":["family:rakuten-bank"],"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天銀行株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"banking","text":"ネット銀行\n楽天経済圏（カード・ポイント・証券）と密に連携した大手ネット銀行で、日常使いに人気。\n楽天ポイント・経済圏との深い連携\n口座ランクに応じた手数料無料・ポイント付与\n楽天証券との連携がスムーズ\n英語対応は一部\n他の楽天サービスを使うほど利点が大きい\n口座維持費は無料。ATM・振込手数料は会員ランクにより異なる（最新の手数料表を要確認）。","url":"/ja/products/rakuten-bank"},{"id":"product:shinsei-bank:ja","entityId":"product:shinsei-bank","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SBI Shinsei Bank","plainText":"銀行\nかつて英語対応や外貨サービスで知られ、現在はSBIグループに属する銀行。\n一部英語のネットバンキングとサポート\n外貨預金・送金の選択肢\nステージ制の優遇プログラム\n条件や英語対応は時期により変化（現状を要確認）\n機能はステージにより異なる\n手数料はステージにより異なる（最新の手数料表を要確認）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/shinsei-bank","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sbi-shinsei-bank"],"families":["family:shinsei-bank"],"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社SBI新生銀行","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"banking","text":"銀行\nかつて英語対応や外貨サービスで知られ、現在はSBIグループに属する銀行。\n一部英語のネットバンキングとサポート\n外貨預金・送金の選択肢\nステージ制の優遇プログラム\n条件や英語対応は時期により変化（現状を要確認）\n機能はステージにより異なる\n手数料はステージにより異なる（最新の手数料表を要確認）。","url":"/ja/products/shinsei-bank"},{"id":"product:japan-post-bank:ja","entityId":"product:japan-post-bank","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Japan Post Bank","plainText":"銀行（全国）\n日本で最も広い店舗・ATM網を持つ銀行。新規居住者にも開設しやすく、地方でも使いやすい。\n地方を含む全国の店舗・ATM\n新規居住者でも開設しやすい\n年金・公的な振込に馴染みがある\nアプリやデジタル体験は従来型\n多くの店舗で英語対応は限定的\n基本口座は口座維持費無料。一部の振込・ATM手数料あり（最新の手数料表を要確認）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/japan-post-bank","relationships":{"providers":["provider:japan-post-bank"],"families":["family:japan-post-bank"],"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ゆうちょ銀行","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"banking","text":"銀行（全国）\n日本で最も広い店舗・ATM網を持つ銀行。新規居住者にも開設しやすく、地方でも使いやすい。\n地方を含む全国の店舗・ATM\n新規居住者でも開設しやすい\n年金・公的な振込に馴染みがある\nアプリやデジタル体験は従来型\n多くの店舗で英語対応は限定的\n基本口座は口座維持費無料。一部の振込・ATM手数料あり（最新の手数料表を要確認）。","url":"/ja/products/japan-post-bank"},{"id":"product:rakuten-card:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Card","plainText":"年会費無料クレジットカード\n年会費無料で楽天ポイントが貯まるカード。申込条件、支払設定、最新のポイント対象外取引は発行会社の開示を確認。\n通常カードは年会費無料\n対象利用で楽天ポイント付与\nオンライン申込（発行会社の審査あり）\n申込時のリボ払いの案内に注意\nポイント価値は楽天経済圏内で最大\n年会費無料。利息はリボ・分割払いを使う場合のみ発生。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"年会費無料クレジットカード\n年会費無料で楽天ポイントが貯まるカード。申込条件、支払設定、最新のポイント対象外取引は発行会社の開示を確認。\n通常カードは年会費無料\n対象利用で楽天ポイント付与\nオンライン申込（発行会社の審査あり）\n申込時のリボ払いの案内に注意\nポイント価値は楽天経済圏内で最大\n年会費無料。利息はリボ・分割払いを使う場合のみ発生。","url":"/ja/products/rakuten-card"},{"id":"product:epos-card:ja","entityId":"product:epos-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Epos Card","plainText":"年会費無料クレジットカード\nエポスカードが発行する年会費無料のVisaカード。エポスポイントと提携特典は現行条件による。\n通常カードは年会費無料\n対象利用でエポスポイント付与\nオンライン申込（受取方法・時期は現行手続による）\n画面やサポートは日本語中心\n提携店を使う人に向く特典\n基本カードは年会費無料。利息はリボ・分割の利用時のみ。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/epos-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:epos-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"年会費無料クレジットカード\nエポスカードが発行する年会費無料のVisaカード。エポスポイントと提携特典は現行条件による。\n通常カードは年会費無料\n対象利用でエポスポイント付与\nオンライン申込（受取方法・時期は現行手続による）\n画面やサポートは日本語中心\n提携店を使う人に向く特典\n基本カードは年会費無料。利息はリボ・分割の利用時のみ。","url":"/ja/products/epos-card"},{"id":"product:amex-jp:ja","entityId":"product:amex-jp","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"American Express (Japan)","plainText":"年会費ありの特典カード\n日本のアメリカン・エキスプレス・グリーン・カードを表す正規レコード。メンバーシップ・リワードと条件付き特典は発行会社資料による。\n英語でのサービス・申込\n対象カードで旅行保険・空港ラウンジ\n交換可能なメンバーシップ・リワード\n年会費が高めのことがあり、実利用で見合うか判断\n小規模店での受け入れはVisa/Masterより狭い\n年会費はカードのランクにより異なる（使う特典と比較を）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/amex-jp","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-jp"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"年会費ありの特典カード\n日本のアメリカン・エキスプレス・グリーン・カードを表す正規レコード。メンバーシップ・リワードと条件付き特典は発行会社資料による。\n英語でのサービス・申込\n対象カードで旅行保険・空港ラウンジ\n交換可能なメンバーシップ・リワード\n年会費が高めのことがあり、実利用で見合うか判断\n小規模店での受け入れはVisa/Masterより狭い\n年会費はカードのランクにより異なる（使う特典と比較を）。","url":"/ja/products/amex-jp"},{"id":"product:smbc-card-numberless:ja","entityId":"product:smbc-card-numberless","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card (NL)","plainText":"年会費無料クレジットカード\n通常カードが年会費無料で、条件付きVポイント上乗せがあるVisa/Mastercardカード。\n通常カードは年会費無料\n対象利用でポイント付与\n公式オンライン申込（審査あり）\n上乗せ還元には個別条件あり\nリボ払い・海外利用の手数料を確認\n通常カードは年会費無料。追加カード・支払サービスには別の手数料条件あり。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/smbc-card-numberless","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-card-numberless"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/numberless.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"年会費無料クレジットカード\n通常カードが年会費無料で、条件付きVポイント上乗せがあるVisa/Mastercardカード。\n通常カードは年会費無料\n対象利用でポイント付与\n公式オンライン申込（審査あり）\n上乗せ還元には個別条件あり\nリボ払い・海外利用の手数料を確認\n通常カードは年会費無料。追加カード・支払サービスには別の手数料条件あり。","url":"/ja/products/smbc-card-numberless"},{"id":"product:jcb-card-s:ja","entityId":"product:jcb-card-s","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB Card S","plainText":"年会費無料クレジットカード\n年会費無料でJ-POINTが貯まり、特典は発行会社条件によるJCBブランドのカード。\n通常カードは年会費無料\n対象利用でポイント付与\n公式オンライン申込（審査あり）\n上乗せ還元には個別条件あり\nリボ払い・海外利用の手数料を確認\n通常カードは年会費無料。追加カード・支払サービスには別の手数料条件あり。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jcb-card-s","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-card-s"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/os_card_s.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"年会費無料クレジットカード\n年会費無料でJ-POINTが貯まり、特典は発行会社条件によるJCBブランドのカード。\n通常カードは年会費無料\n対象利用でポイント付与\n公式オンライン申込（審査あり）\n上乗せ還元には個別条件あり\nリボ払い・海外利用の手数料を確認\n通常カードは年会費無料。追加カード・支払サービスには別の手数料条件あり。","url":"/ja/products/jcb-card-s"},{"id":"product:d-card:ja","entityId":"product:d-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"d Card","plainText":"年会費無料クレジットカード\n対象利用でdポイントが貯まる年会費無料の通常カード。経済圏特典は現行条件による。\n通常カードは年会費無料\n対象利用でポイント付与\n公式オンライン申込（審査あり）\n上乗せ還元には個別条件あり\nリボ払い・海外利用の手数料を確認\n通常カードは年会費無料。追加カード・支払サービスには別の手数料条件あり。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/d-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ntt-docomo"],"families":["family:d-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社NTTドコモ","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/dcard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"年会費無料クレジットカード\n対象利用でdポイントが貯まる年会費無料の通常カード。経済圏特典は現行条件による。\n通常カードは年会費無料\n対象利用でポイント付与\n公式オンライン申込（審査あり）\n上乗せ還元には個別条件あり\nリボ払い・海外利用の手数料を確認\n通常カードは年会費無料。追加カード・支払サービスには別の手数料条件あり。","url":"/ja/products/d-card"},{"id":"product:paypay-card:ja","entityId":"product:paypay-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"PayPay Card","plainText":"年会費無料クレジットカード\n現行プログラム規定により対象利用でPayPayポイントが貯まる年会費無料の通常カード。\n通常カードは年会費無料\n対象利用でポイント付与\n公式オンライン申込（審査あり）\n上乗せ還元には個別条件あり\nリボ払い・海外利用の手数料を確認\n通常カードは年会費無料。追加カード・支払サービスには別の手数料条件あり。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/paypay-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:paypay-card"],"families":["family:paypay-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPayカード株式会社","url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"年会費無料クレジットカード\n現行プログラム規定により対象利用でPayPayポイントが貯まる年会費無料の通常カード。\n通常カードは年会費無料\n対象利用でポイント付与\n公式オンライン申込（審査あり）\n上乗せ還元には個別条件あり\nリボ払い・海外利用の手数料を確認\n通常カードは年会費無料。追加カード・支払サービスには別の手数料条件あり。","url":"/ja/products/paypay-card"},{"id":"product:au-pay-card:ja","entityId":"product:au-pay-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"au PAY Card","plainText":"年会費無料クレジットカード\nPontaポイントが貯まる年会費無料の通常カード。au PAY連携はチャージ・サービス規定による。\n通常カードは年会費無料\n対象利用でポイント付与\n公式オンライン申込（審査あり）\n上乗せ還元には個別条件あり\nリボ払い・海外利用の手数料を確認\n通常カードは年会費無料。追加カード・支払サービスには別の手数料条件あり。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/au-pay-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:au-financial-service"],"families":["family:au-pay-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"auフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.kddi-fs.com/function/promotion/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"年会費無料クレジットカード\nPontaポイントが貯まる年会費無料の通常カード。au PAY連携はチャージ・サービス規定による。\n通常カードは年会費無料\n対象利用でポイント付与\n公式オンライン申込（審査あり）\n上乗せ還元には個別条件あり\nリボ払い・海外利用の手数料を確認\n通常カードは年会費無料。追加カード・支払サービスには別の手数料条件あり。","url":"/ja/products/au-pay-card"},{"id":"product:smbc-card-gold-numberless:ja","entityId":"product:smbc-card-gold-numberless","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Gold (NL)","plainText":"年会費実質無料化できるゴールドカード\n年間100万円の対象利用で年会費5,500円が永年無料になり、同条件で毎年10,000ポイントのボーナスも得られるゴールドVisa/Mastercard。\n年間100万円の対象利用で年会費が永年無料\n100万円達成で毎年10,000ポイント\n国内空港ラウンジとカード保険\n利用が100万円未満だと年会費と0.5%の基本還元は魅力が薄い\n対象利用の集計には対象外取引がある\n年会費5,500円。年間100万円の対象利用で永年無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/smbc-card-gold-numberless","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-card-gold-numberless"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/gold_numberless.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"年会費実質無料化できるゴールドカード\n年間100万円の対象利用で年会費5,500円が永年無料になり、同条件で毎年10,000ポイントのボーナスも得られるゴールドVisa/Mastercard。\n年間100万円の対象利用で年会費が永年無料\n100万円達成で毎年10,000ポイント\n国内空港ラウンジとカード保険\n利用が100万円未満だと年会費と0.5%の基本還元は魅力が薄い\n対象利用の集計には対象外取引がある\n年会費5,500円。年間100万円の対象利用で永年無料。","url":"/ja/products/smbc-card-gold-numberless"},{"id":"product:smbc-card-platinum-preferred:ja","entityId":"product:smbc-card-platinum-preferred","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Platinum Preferred","plainText":"ポイント重視のプラチナカード\n年会費33,000円のVisa。約1%の基本還元、特約店での上乗せ、利用額に応じ最大40,000ポイントの年間ボーナスなど、還元重視のプラチナ。\n約1%の基本還元と特約店での上乗せ\n利用額に応じ最大40,000ポイントの年間ボーナス\nコンシェルジュ・ラウンジ・旅行保険\n無制限ラウンジやホテルステータス型ではなく還元重視\n相応の年間利用がないと年会費に見合いにくい\n年会費33,000円。多額の年間利用を集約できるかで価値が決まる。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/smbc-card-platinum-preferred","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-card-platinum-preferred"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/platinum_preferred.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ポイント重視のプラチナカード\n年会費33,000円のVisa。約1%の基本還元、特約店での上乗せ、利用額に応じ最大40,000ポイントの年間ボーナスなど、還元重視のプラチナ。\n約1%の基本還元と特約店での上乗せ\n利用額に応じ最大40,000ポイントの年間ボーナス\nコンシェルジュ・ラウンジ・旅行保険\n無制限ラウンジやホテルステータス型ではなく還元重視\n相応の年間利用がないと年会費に見合いにくい\n年会費33,000円。多額の年間利用を集約できるかで価値が決まる。","url":"/ja/products/smbc-card-platinum-preferred"},{"id":"product:olive-flexible-pay-gold:ja","entityId":"product:olive-flexible-pay-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Olive Flexible Pay Gold","plainText":"銀行一体型ゴールド\nクレジット・デビット・ポイント払いと銀行口座を1枚のVisaに統合するSMBCのプラットフォーム。ゴールドは年間100万円利用で5,500円が永年無料になるなどゴールド（NL）に準じる。\nクレジット・デビット・ポイント払いを1枚に\n100万円で永年無料と10,000ポイント\nSMBC銀行口座と一体\nSMBCをメイン銀行にする人向き\nクレジットモードは年齢・審査条件が厳しめ\nゴールドの年会費5,500円。クレジットモードで年間100万円の対象利用により永年無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/olive-flexible-pay-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:olive-flexible-pay-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"銀行一体型ゴールド\nクレジット・デビット・ポイント払いと銀行口座を1枚のVisaに統合するSMBCのプラットフォーム。ゴールドは年間100万円利用で5,500円が永年無料になるなどゴールド（NL）に準じる。\nクレジット・デビット・ポイント払いを1枚に\n100万円で永年無料と10,000ポイント\nSMBC銀行口座と一体\nSMBCをメイン銀行にする人向き\nクレジットモードは年齢・審査条件が厳しめ\nゴールドの年会費5,500円。クレジットモードで年間100万円の対象利用により永年無料。","url":"/ja/products/olive-flexible-pay-gold"},{"id":"product:amazon-mastercard:ja","entityId":"product:amazon-mastercard","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Amazon Mastercard","plainText":"年会費無料の提携カード\n三井住友カード発行の年会費無料Mastercard。プライム会員はAmazonで2%、主要コンビニで1.5%が貯まり、海外手数料も低め。\nプライム会員はAmazon2%・主要コンビニ1.5%\n年会費無料\n一般的なSMBC Mastercardより低い海外手数料\nAmazon・対象カテゴリー外は概ね1%の一般カード\nAmazonのキャンペーン額はアカウント別のことがある\n年会費無料。利息はリボ・分割払いを使う場合のみ。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/amazon-mastercard","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:amazon-mastercard"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/amazon.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"年会費無料の提携カード\n三井住友カード発行の年会費無料Mastercard。プライム会員はAmazonで2%、主要コンビニで1.5%が貯まり、海外手数料も低め。\nプライム会員はAmazon2%・主要コンビニ1.5%\n年会費無料\n一般的なSMBC Mastercardより低い海外手数料\nAmazon・対象カテゴリー外は概ね1%の一般カード\nAmazonのキャンペーン額はアカウント別のことがある\n年会費無料。利息はリボ・分割払いを使う場合のみ。","url":"/ja/products/amazon-mastercard"},{"id":"product:jcb-card-w:ja","entityId":"product:jcb-card-w","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB Card W","plainText":"18〜39歳向け年会費無料カード\n18〜39歳が申込める永年無料のJCB。基本還元が優遇され、40歳以降も無料が続く。JCBの海外手数料は比較的低め。\n年会費永年無料（申込は18〜39歳）\n一般のJCBより優遇された基本還元\n約1.60%と比較的低い海外手数料\n新規申込は18〜39歳に限定\n海外ではJCBの利用可能店がVisa/Masterより狭いことがある\n年会費無料。利息はリボ・分割の利用時のみ。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jcb-card-w","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-card-w"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcb_w.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"18〜39歳向け年会費無料カード\n18〜39歳が申込める永年無料のJCB。基本還元が優遇され、40歳以降も無料が続く。JCBの海外手数料は比較的低め。\n年会費永年無料（申込は18〜39歳）\n一般のJCBより優遇された基本還元\n約1.60%と比較的低い海外手数料\n新規申込は18〜39歳に限定\n海外ではJCBの利用可能店がVisa/Masterより狭いことがある\n年会費無料。利息はリボ・分割の利用時のみ。","url":"/ja/products/jcb-card-w"},{"id":"product:jcb-gold:ja","entityId":"product:jcb-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB Gold","plainText":"国内標準のゴールドカード\n年会費11,000円の標準的なゴールドJCB（対象のWEB新規は初年度無料）。国内空港ラウンジ・保険・優待を備える。有料のLoungeKeyは完全なPriority Passとは別物。\n国内空港ラウンジと旅行保険\n対象のWEB新規は初年度無料\nClub Off系のライフスタイル優待\n約0.5%と控えめな基本還元\n有料LoungeKeyは無料のPriority Passではない\n年会費11,000円。対象のWEB新規は初年度無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jcb-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/gold.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"国内標準のゴールドカード\n年会費11,000円の標準的なゴールドJCB（対象のWEB新規は初年度無料）。国内空港ラウンジ・保険・優待を備える。有料のLoungeKeyは完全なPriority Passとは別物。\n国内空港ラウンジと旅行保険\n対象のWEB新規は初年度無料\nClub Off系のライフスタイル優待\n約0.5%と控えめな基本還元\n有料LoungeKeyは無料のPriority Passではない\n年会費11,000円。対象のWEB新規は初年度無料。","url":"/ja/products/jcb-gold"},{"id":"product:jcb-platinum:ja","entityId":"product:jcb-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB Platinum","plainText":"コスパ重視のコンシェルジュ型プラチナ\n年会費27,500円で、Priority Pass・24時間コンシェルジュ・グルメ・ベネフィット・旅行保険を備える、価格対サービスに優れた国内屈指のプラチナ。\nPriority Passと24時間コンシェルジュ\nグルメ・ベネフィット（対象コースが2名以上で1名無料）\n手厚い旅行保険\n通常還元率は控えめ\n海外ではJCBの利用可能店が限られる\n年会費27,500円。価値はポイントよりコンシェルジュ・ダイニング・ラウンジ利用による。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jcb-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/platinum.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"コスパ重視のコンシェルジュ型プラチナ\n年会費27,500円で、Priority Pass・24時間コンシェルジュ・グルメ・ベネフィット・旅行保険を備える、価格対サービスに優れた国内屈指のプラチナ。\nPriority Passと24時間コンシェルジュ\nグルメ・ベネフィット（対象コースが2名以上で1名無料）\n手厚い旅行保険\n通常還元率は控えめ\n海外ではJCBの利用可能店が限られる\n年会費27,500円。価値はポイントよりコンシェルジュ・ダイニング・ラウンジ利用による。","url":"/ja/products/jcb-platinum"},{"id":"product:rakuten-gold-card:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Gold Card","plainText":"低コストの経済圏ゴールド\n年会費2,200円の楽天ゴールド。低コストで1%だが、無料の楽天カードに対するラウンジ・経済圏の上積みは限定的。\n基本1%の楽天ポイント\n国内ラウンジの限定利用\n2,200円の低い年会費\n無料カードに対する優位は小さい\n多くの場合、無料の楽天カードが効率的\n年会費2,200円。無料カードに対する上積みは限定的。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-gold-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"低コストの経済圏ゴールド\n年会費2,200円の楽天ゴールド。低コストで1%だが、無料の楽天カードに対するラウンジ・経済圏の上積みは限定的。\n基本1%の楽天ポイント\n国内ラウンジの限定利用\n2,200円の低い年会費\n無料カードに対する優位は小さい\n多くの場合、無料の楽天カードが効率的\n年会費2,200円。無料カードに対する上積みは限定的。","url":"/ja/products/rakuten-gold-card"},{"id":"product:rakuten-premium-card:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-premium-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Premium Card","plainText":"旅行特典付きの楽天カード\n年会費11,000円で1%、限度額最大300万円、Priority Pass付帯の楽天カード。Priority Passは現行の利用回数条件で評価する必要がある。\n現行の回数条件でのPriority Pass\n基本1%と楽天市場の上乗せ\n限度額は最大300万円\nPriority Passは無制限ではなく回数制\nリボ残高を持つと還元を上回る負担\n年会費11,000円。Priority Passは現行の回数条件で価値を判断。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-premium-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-premium-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/premium-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"旅行特典付きの楽天カード\n年会費11,000円で1%、限度額最大300万円、Priority Pass付帯の楽天カード。Priority Passは現行の利用回数条件で評価する必要がある。\n現行の回数条件でのPriority Pass\n基本1%と楽天市場の上乗せ\n限度額は最大300万円\nPriority Passは無制限ではなく回数制\nリボ残高を持つと還元を上回る負担\n年会費11,000円。Priority Passは現行の回数条件で価値を判断。","url":"/ja/products/rakuten-premium-card"},{"id":"product:rakuten-black-card:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-black-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Black Card","plainText":"楽天最上位のプレミアムカード\n年会費33,000円で、旅行・ダイニング・コンシェルジュ的サービス・家族カードを備える招待型の楽天プレミアム。楽天を非常に多く使う人向け。\nプレミアムな旅行・ダイニング・コンシェルジュ的特典\n複数の家族カード\n現行条件でのPriority Pass\nプレミアム保有期間と高額利用が取得条件\n取得条件を満たしても発行は保証されない\n年会費33,000円。取得は条件付きで発行は保証されない。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-black-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-black-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/black-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"楽天最上位のプレミアムカード\n年会費33,000円で、旅行・ダイニング・コンシェルジュ的サービス・家族カードを備える招待型の楽天プレミアム。楽天を非常に多く使う人向け。\nプレミアムな旅行・ダイニング・コンシェルジュ的特典\n複数の家族カード\n現行条件でのPriority Pass\nプレミアム保有期間と高額利用が取得条件\n取得条件を満たしても発行は保証されない\n年会費33,000円。取得は条件付きで発行は保証されない。","url":"/ja/products/rakuten-black-card"},{"id":"product:amex-gold-preferred:ja","entityId":"product:amex-gold-preferred","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"American Express Gold Preferred","plainText":"ダイニング・旅行特典カード\n年会費39,600円で、家族カード2枚無料、ダイニング・ホテルのクレジット、保険、ラウンジを備えるメンバーシップ・リワードのカード。入会特典は大きいが条件付き。\n家族カード2枚無料\nダイニング・ホテルのクレジットと保険\n提携先へ移行可能なメンバーシップ・リワード\n継続費用が高く、入会特典と長期価値は分けて評価\n一部特典は利用条件や事前予約を要する\n年会費39,600円（家族カード2枚無料）。利息はPayFlex利用時のみ。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/amex-gold-preferred","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-gold-preferred"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/gold-preferred-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ダイニング・旅行特典カード\n年会費39,600円で、家族カード2枚無料、ダイニング・ホテルのクレジット、保険、ラウンジを備えるメンバーシップ・リワードのカード。入会特典は大きいが条件付き。\n家族カード2枚無料\nダイニング・ホテルのクレジットと保険\n提携先へ移行可能なメンバーシップ・リワード\n継続費用が高く、入会特典と長期価値は分けて評価\n一部特典は利用条件や事前予約を要する\n年会費39,600円（家族カード2枚無料）。利息はPayFlex利用時のみ。","url":"/ja/products/amex-gold-preferred"},{"id":"product:amex-platinum:ja","entityId":"product:amex-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"American Express Platinum","plainText":"ラグジュアリー旅行・家族カード型プラチナ\n年会費165,000円で、家族カード最大4枚無料、グローバル・ラウンジ・コレクション、ホテルステータス、コンシェルジュ、ダイニング特典、年間10万円の航空クレジットを備えるプラチナ。\nセンチュリオン等のグローバル・ラウンジ\nホテルステータス・コンシェルジュ・ダイニング\n家族カード最大4枚無料＋年間10万円の航空クレジット\n航空クレジットは現金でも入会特典でもない\nプレミアム旅行サービスを使う場合のみ見合う\n年会費165,000円（家族カード最大4枚無料）。プレミアム旅行を使う世帯に最適。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/amex-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/platinum-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ラグジュアリー旅行・家族カード型プラチナ\n年会費165,000円で、家族カード最大4枚無料、グローバル・ラウンジ・コレクション、ホテルステータス、コンシェルジュ、ダイニング特典、年間10万円の航空クレジットを備えるプラチナ。\nセンチュリオン等のグローバル・ラウンジ\nホテルステータス・コンシェルジュ・ダイニング\n家族カード最大4枚無料＋年間10万円の航空クレジット\n航空クレジットは現金でも入会特典でもない\nプレミアム旅行サービスを使う場合のみ見合う\n年会費165,000円（家族カード最大4枚無料）。プレミアム旅行を使う世帯に最適。","url":"/ja/products/amex-platinum"},{"id":"product:epos-gold-card:ja","entityId":"product:epos-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Epos Gold Card","plainText":"最適化しやすい実質無料ゴールド\n年会費5,000円で、招待・家族ゴールド紹介・年間50万円の対象利用のいずれかで永年無料になるゴールドVisa。選べるショップの上乗せや年間ボーナスで最適化しやすい。\n年間50万円で永年無料\n選べる3ショップの上乗せ\n年間利用ボーナスと国内ラウンジ\n選んだカテゴリーへ支出を寄せる最適化が必要\n一部取引は対象利用の集計から除外\n年会費5,000円。招待または年間50万円の対象利用で永年無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/epos-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:epos-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/goldcard/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"最適化しやすい実質無料ゴールド\n年会費5,000円で、招待・家族ゴールド紹介・年間50万円の対象利用のいずれかで永年無料になるゴールドVisa。選べるショップの上乗せや年間ボーナスで最適化しやすい。\n年間50万円で永年無料\n選べる3ショップの上乗せ\n年間利用ボーナスと国内ラウンジ\n選んだカテゴリーへ支出を寄せる最適化が必要\n一部取引は対象利用の集計から除外\n年会費5,000円。招待または年間50万円の対象利用で永年無料。","url":"/ja/products/epos-gold-card"},{"id":"product:epos-platinum-card:ja","entityId":"product:epos-platinum-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Epos Platinum Card","plainText":"年間ボーナス最適化型プラチナ\n年会費は直接申込30,000円・招待20,000円のVisaプラチナ。Priority Pass・コンシェルジュに加え、年間100万円で20,000ポイントから始まる年間ボーナス。\nPriority Passとコンシェルジュ\n100万円で20,000ポイントからの年間ボーナス\n招待・高額利用で20,000円に\n年間ボーナスが会費を相殺できる場合に有利\n年間ボーナスは改定済み。現行条件を要確認\n直接30,000円・招待20,000円。価値は年間ボーナス次第。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/epos-platinum-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:epos-platinum-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/platinumcard/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"年間ボーナス最適化型プラチナ\n年会費は直接申込30,000円・招待20,000円のVisaプラチナ。Priority Pass・コンシェルジュに加え、年間100万円で20,000ポイントから始まる年間ボーナス。\nPriority Passとコンシェルジュ\n100万円で20,000ポイントからの年間ボーナス\n招待・高額利用で20,000円に\n年間ボーナスが会費を相殺できる場合に有利\n年間ボーナスは改定済み。現行条件を要確認\n直接30,000円・招待20,000円。価値は年間ボーナス次第。","url":"/ja/products/epos-platinum-card"},{"id":"product:saison-card-digital:ja","entityId":"product:saison-card-digital","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Saison Card Digital","plainText":"即時発行のデジタルカード\n年会費無料でナンバーレス、最短5分で番号発行、永久不滅ポイントが貯まるカード。全く利用がない期間が続いた場合のみ1,650円のサービス料が発生。\n最短5分でデジタル発行\n通常利用で失効しない永久不滅ポイント\nナンバーレス実物カードと複数ブランド\n対象期間に全く利用がないと1,650円\n基本還元は約0.5%と控えめ\n年会費無料。対象年度に全く利用がない場合のみ1,650円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/saison-card-digital","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-card-digital"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/kohyo/creditcard/digital/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"即時発行のデジタルカード\n年会費無料でナンバーレス、最短5分で番号発行、永久不滅ポイントが貯まるカード。全く利用がない期間が続いた場合のみ1,650円のサービス料が発生。\n最短5分でデジタル発行\n通常利用で失効しない永久不滅ポイント\nナンバーレス実物カードと複数ブランド\n対象期間に全く利用がないと1,650円\n基本還元は約0.5%と控えめ\n年会費無料。対象年度に全く利用がない場合のみ1,650円。","url":"/ja/products/saison-card-digital"},{"id":"product:saison-gold-premium:ja","entityId":"product:saison-gold-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Saison Gold Premium","plainText":"ライフスタイル特化のゴールド\n年会費11,000円で、年間100万円利用の翌年は無料になるゴールド。映画・コンビニ・カフェで上限付きの高還元。\n年間100万円で翌年無料\n映画・コンビニ・カフェで高還元\n永久不滅ポイントとラウンジ特典\nカテゴリー上限が最大還元を制限\n上限を試算してから期待値を判断\n年会費11,000円。年間100万円の対象利用で翌年無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/saison-gold-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-gold-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/kohyo/creditcard/goldpremium/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ライフスタイル特化のゴールド\n年会費11,000円で、年間100万円利用の翌年は無料になるゴールド。映画・コンビニ・カフェで上限付きの高還元。\n年間100万円で翌年無料\n映画・コンビニ・カフェで高還元\n永久不滅ポイントとラウンジ特典\nカテゴリー上限が最大還元を制限\n上限を試算してから期待値を判断\n年会費11,000円。年間100万円の対象利用で翌年無料。","url":"/ja/products/saison-gold-premium"},{"id":"product:saison-platinum-amex:ja","entityId":"product:saison-platinum-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Saison Platinum American Express","plainText":"中価格帯の旅行プラチナ\n年会費33,000円で、Priority Pass・コンシェルジュ・旅行・ダイニング・マイル移行を備えるアメックス・プラチナ。\nPriority Passとコンシェルジュ\nマイル移行（JAL等）\n中価格帯のプラチナ\nAmexの利用可能店はVisa/Masterより狭い\nマイル価値は移行先で変動\n年会費33,000円。マイル移行に対応した中価格帯の旅行カード。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/saison-platinum-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-platinum-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/kohyo/creditcard/platinumamex/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"中価格帯の旅行プラチナ\n年会費33,000円で、Priority Pass・コンシェルジュ・旅行・ダイニング・マイル移行を備えるアメックス・プラチナ。\nPriority Passとコンシェルジュ\nマイル移行（JAL等）\n中価格帯のプラチナ\nAmexの利用可能店はVisa/Masterより狭い\nマイル価値は移行先で変動\n年会費33,000円。マイル移行に対応した中価格帯の旅行カード。","url":"/ja/products/saison-platinum-amex"},{"id":"product:d-card-gold:ja","entityId":"product:d-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"d Card GOLD","plainText":"ドコモ世帯向けゴールド\n年会費11,000円で、対象のドコモ/ahamo利用料金10%還元を軸に、年間利用特典・ラウンジ・手厚いケータイ補償を備えるゴールド。\n対象ドコモ利用料金の10%還元\n年間利用特典クーポンとラウンジ\n手厚いケータイ補償\n10%は料金の一部が対象外\n料金最適化カードであり全方位10%ではない\n年会費11,000円。主に対象ドコモ料金10%で見合う。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/d-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ntt-docomo"],"families":["family:d-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社NTTドコモ","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/gold/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ドコモ世帯向けゴールド\n年会費11,000円で、対象のドコモ/ahamo利用料金10%還元を軸に、年間利用特典・ラウンジ・手厚いケータイ補償を備えるゴールド。\n対象ドコモ利用料金の10%還元\n年間利用特典クーポンとラウンジ\n手厚いケータイ補償\n10%は料金の一部が対象外\n料金最適化カードであり全方位10%ではない\n年会費11,000円。主に対象ドコモ料金10%で見合う。","url":"/ja/products/d-card-gold"},{"id":"product:d-card-platinum:ja","entityId":"product:d-card-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"d Card PLATINUM","plainText":"ドコモ大量利用向けプラチナ\n年会費29,700円で、対象ドコモ料金を最大20%還元（前月の買物額で率が変動）、上位ラウンジ、最大20万円のケータイ補償を備えるプラチナ。\n対象ドコモ料金を最大20%還元\n上位のラウンジ特典\n最大20万円のケータイ補償\n20%は高額な月間利用が前提\nドコモと利用が多くないと会費に見合いにくい\n年会費29,700円。ドコモ料金の還元率は前月の利用額で変動。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/d-card-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ntt-docomo"],"families":["family:d-card-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社NTTドコモ","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/platinum/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ドコモ大量利用向けプラチナ\n年会費29,700円で、対象ドコモ料金を最大20%還元（前月の買物額で率が変動）、上位ラウンジ、最大20万円のケータイ補償を備えるプラチナ。\n対象ドコモ料金を最大20%還元\n上位のラウンジ特典\n最大20万円のケータイ補償\n20%は高額な月間利用が前提\nドコモと利用が多くないと会費に見合いにくい\n年会費29,700円。ドコモ料金の還元率は前月の利用額で変動。","url":"/ja/products/d-card-platinum"},{"id":"product:au-pay-gold-card:ja","entityId":"product:au-pay-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"au PAY Gold Card","plainText":"au/UQ世帯向けゴールド\n年会費11,000円で、対象のau/UQ利用料金を最大10%、au PAYのチャージ・支払で合計最大5.5%を還元し、ラウンジも付帯するゴールド。経済圏外の一般利用は約1%。\n対象のau/UQ料金を最大10%\nau PAYのチャージ＋支払で最大5.5%\n空港ラウンジと保険\n高還元は経済圏の条件・上限が前提\n経済圏外の一般利用は約1%\n年会費11,000円。au経済圏内で高い競争力。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/au-pay-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:au-financial-service"],"families":["family:au-pay-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"auフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.au.com/payment/credit-card/gold/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"au/UQ世帯向けゴールド\n年会費11,000円で、対象のau/UQ利用料金を最大10%、au PAYのチャージ・支払で合計最大5.5%を還元し、ラウンジも付帯するゴールド。経済圏外の一般利用は約1%。\n対象のau/UQ料金を最大10%\nau PAYのチャージ＋支払で最大5.5%\n空港ラウンジと保険\n高還元は経済圏の条件・上限が前提\n経済圏外の一般利用は約1%\n年会費11,000円。au経済圏内で高い競争力。","url":"/ja/products/au-pay-gold-card"},{"id":"product:paypay-card-gold:ja","entityId":"product:paypay-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"PayPay Card Gold","plainText":"PayPay経済圏のゴールド\n年会費11,000円で、2026年6月2日以降は年間100万円の対象利用で11,000ポイントを付与し同額で会費を相殺、加えてLYPプレミアム・ラウンジ・ETC無料を備えるゴールド。\n年間100万円で11,000ポイント（会費相殺）\nLYPプレミアムと空港ラウンジ\nETCカード無料\n100万円未達で価値が大きく低下\n対象外や年度の区切りに注意\n年会費11,000円。年間100万円の対象利用時に11,000ポイントで実質相殺。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/paypay-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:paypay-card"],"families":["family:paypay-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPayカード株式会社","url":"https://www.paypay-card.co.jp/gold/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"PayPay経済圏のゴールド\n年会費11,000円で、2026年6月2日以降は年間100万円の対象利用で11,000ポイントを付与し同額で会費を相殺、加えてLYPプレミアム・ラウンジ・ETC無料を備えるゴールド。\n年間100万円で11,000ポイント（会費相殺）\nLYPプレミアムと空港ラウンジ\nETCカード無料\n100万円未達で価値が大きく低下\n対象外や年度の区切りに注意\n年会費11,000円。年間100万円の対象利用時に11,000ポイントで実質相殺。","url":"/ja/products/paypay-card-gold"},{"id":"product:aeon-card-select:ja","entityId":"product:aeon-card-select","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"AEON Card Select","plainText":"イオンの買物・銀行一体カード\n年会費無料で、イオンのクレジット・WAON電子マネー・イオン銀行口座を1枚に。お客さま感謝デーの割引やWAONオートチャージに対応。\n通常0.5%、対象イオングループで1%\nお客さま感謝デーは5%割引\nWAONオートチャージとイオン銀行特典\n計画的なイオン利用で最も有利\nイオン外の基本還元は控えめ\n年会費無料。イオンをよく使う人に最適。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/aeon-card-select","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-select"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/aeoncardselect/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"イオンの買物・銀行一体カード\n年会費無料で、イオンのクレジット・WAON電子マネー・イオン銀行口座を1枚に。お客さま感謝デーの割引やWAONオートチャージに対応。\n通常0.5%、対象イオングループで1%\nお客さま感謝デーは5%割引\nWAONオートチャージとイオン銀行特典\n計画的なイオン利用で最も有利\nイオン外の基本還元は控えめ\n年会費無料。イオンをよく使う人に最適。","url":"/ja/products/aeon-card-select"},{"id":"product:aeon-gold-card:ja","entityId":"product:aeon-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"AEON Gold Card","plainText":"招待制の年会費無料ゴールド\n発行後は年会費無料で、国内空港ラウンジと旅行保険が付くゴールド。基本は既存のイオン優良顧客向けの招待・アップグレード商品。\n発行後は年会費無料\n国内空港ラウンジと旅行保険\nイオン優良顧客への無料アップグレード\n招待・アップグレード制で誰でも申込めない\n既存イオン利用者であることが前提\n発行後は年会費無料。基本は招待・アップグレード商品。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/aeon-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/goldcard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"招待制の年会費無料ゴールド\n発行後は年会費無料で、国内空港ラウンジと旅行保険が付くゴールド。基本は既存のイオン優良顧客向けの招待・アップグレード商品。\n発行後は年会費無料\n国内空港ラウンジと旅行保険\nイオン優良顧客への無料アップグレード\n招待・アップグレード制で誰でも申込めない\n既存イオン利用者であることが前提\n発行後は年会費無料。基本は招待・アップグレード商品。","url":"/ja/products/aeon-gold-card"},{"id":"product:orico-card-the-point:ja","entityId":"product:orico-card-the-point","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Orico Card THE POINT","plainText":"シンプルな1%の年会費無料カード\n年会費無料で100円につき1オリコポイント、入会後6か月は50万円まで2%になるシンプルな高還元カード。オリコモールの上乗せや多彩な交換に対応。\n基本1%、入会後6か月は2%\nオリコモールの上乗せ\nAmazon残高・マイル・提携先へ交換\nポイントは能動的な交換管理が必要\nポイントには有効期限規定がある\n年会費無料。基本1%、入会後6か月・50万円まで2%。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/orico-card-the-point","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:orico-card-the-point"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/the-point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"シンプルな1%の年会費無料カード\n年会費無料で100円につき1オリコポイント、入会後6か月は50万円まで2%になるシンプルな高還元カード。オリコモールの上乗せや多彩な交換に対応。\n基本1%、入会後6か月は2%\nオリコモールの上乗せ\nAmazon残高・マイル・提携先へ交換\nポイントは能動的な交換管理が必要\nポイントには有効期限規定がある\n年会費無料。基本1%、入会後6か月・50万円まで2%。","url":"/ja/products/orico-card-the-point"},{"id":"product:orico-the-point-premium-gold:ja","entityId":"product:orico-the-point-premium-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Orico Card THE POINT PREMIUM GOLD","plainText":"低コストの電子マネー系ゴールド\n年会費1,986円で、基本1%と6か月2%を維持しつつ、オリコモール+1%・対象のiD/QUICPay+0.5%を加える、最も安いゴールドのひとつ。\n基本1%＋6か月2%\nオリコモール1%・iD/QUICPay0.5%\n1,986円と非常に安いゴールド\n11,000〜30,000円級のラウンジ・保険には及ばない\nポイントは交換管理が必要\n年会費1,986円。最も安いゴールドのひとつ。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/orico-the-point-premium-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:orico-the-point-premium-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/the-point-premium-gold/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"低コストの電子マネー系ゴールド\n年会費1,986円で、基本1%と6か月2%を維持しつつ、オリコモール+1%・対象のiD/QUICPay+0.5%を加える、最も安いゴールドのひとつ。\n基本1%＋6か月2%\nオリコモール1%・iD/QUICPay0.5%\n1,986円と非常に安いゴールド\n11,000〜30,000円級のラウンジ・保険には及ばない\nポイントは交換管理が必要\n年会費1,986円。最も安いゴールドのひとつ。","url":"/ja/products/orico-the-point-premium-gold"},{"id":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card:ja","entityId":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card","plainText":"銀行系の年会費無料カード\n年会費無料で基本約0.5%。MUFG銀行口座・アプリ・対象店の条件が揃うと対象店で最大20%になる。MUFGグループ利用者に最適。\n年会費無料\n複数条件達成で対象店最大20%\nMUFG銀行・グループ連携\n基本還元は約0.5%\n20%は複数条件の積み上げが前提\n年会費無料。MUFG口座・対象店利用者に最適。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mitsubishi-ufj-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"銀行系の年会費無料カード\n年会費無料で基本約0.5%。MUFG銀行口座・アプリ・対象店の条件が揃うと対象店で最大20%になる。MUFGグループ利用者に最適。\n年会費無料\n複数条件達成で対象店最大20%\nMUFG銀行・グループ連携\n基本還元は約0.5%\n20%は複数条件の積み上げが前提\n年会費無料。MUFG口座・対象店利用者に最適。","url":"/ja/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card"},{"id":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige:ja","entityId":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card Gold Prestige","plainText":"MUFG経済圏のゴールド\n年会費11,000円（対象のWEB申込は初年度無料）で、国内空港ラウンジ・保険・証券投資特典・MUFG対象店ボーナスを備えるゴールド。\n国内空港ラウンジと保険\n対象のWEB申込は初年度無料\nMUFG証券・対象店の特典\nMUFG銀行・グループ利用が前提\nそうでなければ実質無料のSMBC/Eposゴールドが安いことも\n年会費11,000円。対象のWEB申込は初年度無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/lineup/goldprestige/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"MUFG経済圏のゴールド\n年会費11,000円（対象のWEB申込は初年度無料）で、国内空港ラウンジ・保険・証券投資特典・MUFG対象店ボーナスを備えるゴールド。\n国内空港ラウンジと保険\n対象のWEB申込は初年度無料\nMUFG証券・対象店の特典\nMUFG銀行・グループ利用が前提\nそうでなければ実質無料のSMBC/Eposゴールドが安いことも\n年会費11,000円。対象のWEB申込は初年度無料。","url":"/ja/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold-prestige"},{"id":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex:ja","entityId":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card Platinum American Express","plainText":"低価格のフルサービス型プラチナ\n年会費22,000円・家族カード1枚無料で、Priority Pass・コンシェルジュ・グルメ特典・保険という定番のプラチナを国内最安級で備える。\nPriority Passと24時間コンシェルジュ\nグルメ特典と手厚い保険\n家族カード1枚無料\n通常還元率は低め\nAmexの利用可能店は狭め\n年会費22,000円（家族カード1枚無料）。還元より特典重視のプラチナ。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/lineup/platinum_amex/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"低価格のフルサービス型プラチナ\n年会費22,000円・家族カード1枚無料で、Priority Pass・コンシェルジュ・グルメ特典・保険という定番のプラチナを国内最安級で備える。\nPriority Passと24時間コンシェルジュ\nグルメ特典と手厚い保険\n家族カード1枚無料\n通常還元率は低め\nAmexの利用可能店は狭め\n年会費22,000円（家族カード1枚無料）。還元より特典重視のプラチナ。","url":"/ja/products/mitsubishi-ufj-platinum-amex"},{"id":"product:view-card-standard:ja","entityId":"product:view-card-standard","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"View Card","plainText":"JR東日本・Suica通勤カード\n年会費524円で、価値は通常の0.5%利用よりモバイルSuica・JR東日本のきっぷ・JRE POINTの上乗せにある通勤特化カード。\nモバイルSuicaチャージ・JR東日本利用でJRE POINT\nSuica定期・きっぷと一体\n524円の低い年会費\nJR東日本エリア外では価値が限定的\n通常の買物還元は約0.5%\n年会費524円。Suica/JR東日本の通勤特化カード。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/view-card-standard","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:view-card-standard"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"JR東日本・Suica通勤カード\n年会費524円で、価値は通常の0.5%利用よりモバイルSuica・JR東日本のきっぷ・JRE POINTの上乗せにある通勤特化カード。\nモバイルSuicaチャージ・JR東日本利用でJRE POINT\nSuica定期・きっぷと一体\n524円の低い年会費\nJR東日本エリア外では価値が限定的\n通常の買物還元は約0.5%\n年会費524円。Suica/JR東日本の通勤特化カード。","url":"/ja/products/view-card-standard"},{"id":"product:jre-card:ja","entityId":"product:jre-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JRE CARD","plainText":"駅ビルショッピングカード\n初年度無料・以降524円のビューカード。対象のJRE CARD優待店（駅ビル）で最大3.5%、Suica・JR東日本利用でも有利。\n対象の駅ビル優待店で最大3.5%\nSuica・JR東日本の特典\n初年度無料\n対象は地域・加盟店が限定的\n2026年9月1日から条件変更予定\n初年度無料・以降524円。対象駅ビルで最大3.5%。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jre-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:jre-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/jrecard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"駅ビルショッピングカード\n初年度無料・以降524円のビューカード。対象のJRE CARD優待店（駅ビル）で最大3.5%、Suica・JR東日本利用でも有利。\n対象の駅ビル優待店で最大3.5%\nSuica・JR東日本の特典\n初年度無料\n対象は地域・加盟店が限定的\n2026年9月1日から条件変更予定\n初年度無料・以降524円。対象駅ビルで最大3.5%。","url":"/ja/products/jre-card"},{"id":"product:view-gold-plus-card:ja","entityId":"product:view-gold-plus-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"View Gold Plus Card","plainText":"JR東日本の上位トラベルゴールド\n年会費11,000円で、JR東日本の旅行ボーナス（新幹線等）・空港ラウンジ・保険・年間利用特典を加えるゴールドのビューカード。JR東日本・新幹線を多く使う人に強い。\nJR東日本・新幹線の利用ボーナス\n空港ラウンジと年間利用特典\n保険パッケージ\nJR東日本外では一般ゴールドとして特段有利ではない\n価値は頻繁な鉄道利用に依存\n年会費11,000円。JR東日本・新幹線を頻繁に使う人に最適。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/view-gold-plus-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:view-gold-plus-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/goldplus/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"JR東日本の上位トラベルゴールド\n年会費11,000円で、JR東日本の旅行ボーナス（新幹線等）・空港ラウンジ・保険・年間利用特典を加えるゴールドのビューカード。JR東日本・新幹線を多く使う人に強い。\nJR東日本・新幹線の利用ボーナス\n空港ラウンジと年間利用特典\n保険パッケージ\nJR東日本外では一般ゴールドとして特段有利ではない\n価値は頻繁な鉄道利用に依存\n年会費11,000円。JR東日本・新幹線を頻繁に使う人に最適。","url":"/ja/products/view-gold-plus-card"},{"id":"product:jal-card:ja","entityId":"product:jal-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL Card (Regular)","plainText":"入門JALマイルカード\n航空系カード（初年度無料・以降2,200円、Amex版は6,600円）で、初回搭乗ボーナス・10%搭乗ボーナス・JALカードマイルプラスによりJALマイルが貯まる。発行会社・保険・手数料は提携先による。\n初回搭乗ボーナスと10%搭乗ボーナス\n対象利用でJALカードマイルプラス\nショッピングマイル・プレミアムの上乗せオプション\nAmex・Suica版は会費が異なる\n発行は通常3週間程度\n初年度無料・以降2,200円（Amex版は6,600円）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社JALカード","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jalcard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"入門JALマイルカード\n航空系カード（初年度無料・以降2,200円、Amex版は6,600円）で、初回搭乗ボーナス・10%搭乗ボーナス・JALカードマイルプラスによりJALマイルが貯まる。発行会社・保険・手数料は提携先による。\n初回搭乗ボーナスと10%搭乗ボーナス\n対象利用でJALカードマイルプラス\nショッピングマイル・プレミアムの上乗せオプション\nAmex・Suica版は会費が異なる\n発行は通常3週間程度\n初年度無料・以降2,200円（Amex版は6,600円）。","url":"/ja/products/jal-card"},{"id":"product:jal-club-a-gold:ja","entityId":"product:jal-club-a-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL CLUB-A Gold Card","plainText":"頻繁に飛ぶ人向けJALゴールド\nJALゴールド。主要な年会費17,600円（Suica/Amex版20,900円、Diners34,100円）で、25%搭乗ボーナス・強化ショッピングマイル・提携先ごとのラウンジ/保険を備える。\n25%搭乗ボーナス\n強化されたショッピングマイル\n提携先ごとのラウンジ・保険\nブランド・Suica・ラウンジ・海外手数料で版を選ぶ\n版により会費が異なる\n主要17,600円（Suica/Amex20,900円、Diners34,100円）。25%搭乗ボーナス。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-club-a-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-club-a-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社JALカード","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jalcard/lineup/clubagold.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"頻繁に飛ぶ人向けJALゴールド\nJALゴールド。主要な年会費17,600円（Suica/Amex版20,900円、Diners34,100円）で、25%搭乗ボーナス・強化ショッピングマイル・提携先ごとのラウンジ/保険を備える。\n25%搭乗ボーナス\n強化されたショッピングマイル\n提携先ごとのラウンジ・保険\nブランド・Suica・ラウンジ・海外手数料で版を選ぶ\n版により会費が異なる\n主要17,600円（Suica/Amex20,900円、Diners34,100円）。25%搭乗ボーナス。","url":"/ja/products/jal-club-a-gold"},{"id":"product:jal-platinum:ja","entityId":"product:jal-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL Platinum Card","plainText":"国際線重視のJALプラチナ\nJALプラチナ（JCB・Amex版で約34,100円）で、JALの上位搭乗ボーナスにコンシェルジュ・ラウンジ・保険を組み合わせる。JAL国際線を頻繁に使う人向け。\nコンシェルジュとPriority Pass/ラウンジ\nJALの上位搭乗ボーナス\n手厚い保険\n特典枠・燃油等でマイル価値は下がる\n上位クラス特典を狙う頻繁な利用者向け\n約34,100円（JCB/Amex版）。JAL国際線を多く使う人向け。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社JALカード","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jalcard/lineup/platinum.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"国際線重視のJALプラチナ\nJALプラチナ（JCB・Amex版で約34,100円）で、JALの上位搭乗ボーナスにコンシェルジュ・ラウンジ・保険を組み合わせる。JAL国際線を頻繁に使う人向け。\nコンシェルジュとPriority Pass/ラウンジ\nJALの上位搭乗ボーナス\n手厚い保険\n特典枠・燃油等でマイル価値は下がる\n上位クラス特典を狙う頻繁な利用者向け\n約34,100円（JCB/Amex版）。JAL国際線を多く使う人向け。","url":"/ja/products/jal-platinum"},{"id":"product:ana-general-card:ja","entityId":"product:ana-general-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa/Master General Card","plainText":"入門ANAマイルカード\nANA提携カード（初年度無料・以降2,200円）で、1,000マイルの入会ボーナス・10%搭乗ボーナス・ANAカードマイルプラスを備える。実際の還元は移行コース次第。\n1,000マイル入会ボーナスと10%搭乗ボーナス\n対象利用でANAカードマイルプラス\n初年度無料\n還元はマイル移行コース・手数料で変わる\n入門の航空カードで一般利用最強ではない\n初年度無料・以降2,200円。1,000マイルの入会ボーナス。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-general-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-general-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社（ANA提携）","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/reference/tameru/card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"入門ANAマイルカード\nANA提携カード（初年度無料・以降2,200円）で、1,000マイルの入会ボーナス・10%搭乗ボーナス・ANAカードマイルプラスを備える。実際の還元は移行コース次第。\n1,000マイル入会ボーナスと10%搭乗ボーナス\n対象利用でANAカードマイルプラス\n初年度無料\n還元はマイル移行コース・手数料で変わる\n入門の航空カードで一般利用最強ではない\n初年度無料・以降2,200円。1,000マイルの入会ボーナス。","url":"/ja/products/ana-general-card"},{"id":"product:ana-wide-gold-card:ja","entityId":"product:ana-wide-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa/Master Wide Gold Card","plainText":"頻繁に飛ぶ人向けANAゴールド\n年会費15,400円で、2,000マイル入会ボーナス・25%搭乗ボーナス・ラウンジ・保険・一般カードより有利な移行条件を備えるANAゴールド。\n2,000マイル入会と25%搭乗ボーナス\n空港ラウンジと保険\nより有利なマイル移行\nANA搭乗が多い人に最適\nたまにしか飛ばないなら汎用ポイント/現金還元が有利なことも\n年会費15,400円。2,000マイル入会・25%搭乗ボーナス。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-wide-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-wide-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANA（三井住友カード発行）","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/reference/tameru/card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"頻繁に飛ぶ人向けANAゴールド\n年会費15,400円で、2,000マイル入会ボーナス・25%搭乗ボーナス・ラウンジ・保険・一般カードより有利な移行条件を備えるANAゴールド。\n2,000マイル入会と25%搭乗ボーナス\n空港ラウンジと保険\nより有利なマイル移行\nANA搭乗が多い人に最適\nたまにしか飛ばないなら汎用ポイント/現金還元が有利なことも\n年会費15,400円。2,000マイル入会・25%搭乗ボーナス。","url":"/ja/products/ana-wide-gold-card"},{"id":"product:diners-club-card:ja","entityId":"product:diners-club-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Diners Club Card","plainText":"ダイニング・旅行のカード\n年会費29,700円で、強力なダイニング・旅行・ラウンジと、一律の上限ではない個別の利用枠を特徴とするダイナース。複数枚持ちの一枚として有効。\n強力なダイニング・旅行特典\n空港ラウンジ\n一律ではない個別の利用枠\nダイナースの利用可能店はVisa/Masterより狭い\n複数枚持ちの一枚として最適\n年会費29,700円。強力なダイニング・旅行・ラウンジ。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/diners-club-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:diners-club-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/card/lineup/diners_club_card.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ダイニング・旅行のカード\n年会費29,700円で、強力なダイニング・旅行・ラウンジと、一律の上限ではない個別の利用枠を特徴とするダイナース。複数枚持ちの一枚として有効。\n強力なダイニング・旅行特典\n空港ラウンジ\n一律ではない個別の利用枠\nダイナースの利用可能店はVisa/Masterより狭い\n複数枚持ちの一枚として最適\n年会費29,700円。強力なダイニング・旅行・ラウンジ。","url":"/ja/products/diners-club-card"},{"id":"product:diners-club-premium:ja","entityId":"product:diners-club-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Diners Club Premium","plainText":"最上位のダイニング・旅行\n招待制・年会費165,000円で、家族カード無料、最上位のコンシェルジュ・ダイニング・ラウンジ・旅行、一律ではない利用枠を備える。現金還元より特典アクセスを重視する人向け。\n最上位のコンシェルジュ・ダイニング・ラウンジ・旅行\n家族カード無料\n一律ではない利用枠\n招待制で基準は非公開\n会費は特典の継続利用が前提\n年会費165,000円（家族カード無料）。招待制。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/diners-club-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:diners-club-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/card/lineup/premium.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"最上位のダイニング・旅行\n招待制・年会費165,000円で、家族カード無料、最上位のコンシェルジュ・ダイニング・ラウンジ・旅行、一律ではない利用枠を備える。現金還元より特典アクセスを重視する人向け。\n最上位のコンシェルジュ・ダイニング・ラウンジ・旅行\n家族カード無料\n一律ではない利用枠\n招待制で基準は非公開\n会費は特典の継続利用が前提\n年会費165,000円（家族カード無料）。招待制。","url":"/ja/products/diners-club-premium"},{"id":"product:luxury-card-titanium:ja","entityId":"product:luxury-card-titanium","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Luxury Card Mastercard Titanium","plainText":"入門の金属製プレミアム\n年会費55,000円の金属製Mastercardで、約1%還元、コンシェルジュ・ダイニング・旅行特典、1ポイント=1円のキャッシュバックを備える。ラグジュアリーカードの入門。\n金属製カードとコンシェルジュ\nダイニング・旅行特典\n約1%（1ポイント=1円のキャッシュバック）\nJCB/MUFGプラチナより高い\n特典を使ってこそ見合う\n年会費55,000円。入門の金属製プレミアム。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/luxury-card-titanium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:luxury-card-titanium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社アプラス（ラグジュアリーカード）","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/card/titanium/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"入門の金属製プレミアム\n年会費55,000円の金属製Mastercardで、約1%還元、コンシェルジュ・ダイニング・旅行特典、1ポイント=1円のキャッシュバックを備える。ラグジュアリーカードの入門。\n金属製カードとコンシェルジュ\nダイニング・旅行特典\n約1%（1ポイント=1円のキャッシュバック）\nJCB/MUFGプラチナより高い\n特典を使ってこそ見合う\n年会費55,000円。入門の金属製プレミアム。","url":"/ja/products/luxury-card-titanium"},{"id":"product:luxury-card-black:ja","entityId":"product:luxury-card-black","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Luxury Card Mastercard Black","plainText":"コンシェルジュ・ネットワーク型プレミアム\n年会費110,000円のWorld Elite Mastercardで、公表基本還元を約1.25%に引き上げ、強化コンシェルジュ・ダイニング・リムジン・ネットワーク特典と金属製を備える。\n基本約1.25%\n強化コンシェルジュ・ダイニング・リムジン\nWorld Eliteの金属製カード\n1.25%だけでは会費に見合わない\n特典の十分な利用でこそ価値\n年会費110,000円。基本約1.25%＋上位サービス。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/luxury-card-black","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:luxury-card-black"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ラグジュアリーカード（アプラス発行）","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/card/black/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"コンシェルジュ・ネットワーク型プレミアム\n年会費110,000円のWorld Elite Mastercardで、公表基本還元を約1.25%に引き上げ、強化コンシェルジュ・ダイニング・リムジン・ネットワーク特典と金属製を備える。\n基本約1.25%\n強化コンシェルジュ・ダイニング・リムジン\nWorld Eliteの金属製カード\n1.25%だけでは会費に見合わない\n特典の十分な利用でこそ価値\n年会費110,000円。基本約1.25%＋上位サービス。","url":"/ja/products/luxury-card-black"},{"id":"product:luxury-card-gold:ja","entityId":"product:luxury-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Luxury Card Mastercard Gold","plainText":"最上位の還元・ステータス\n年会費220,000円の金色金属製Mastercardで、シリーズ最高の公表基本還元（約1.5%）と拡張された上位サービスを備える、本調査で最も高額なカード。\nシリーズ最高の基本還元（約1.5%）\n金色の金属製カード\n拡張された上位サービス\n高額利用でも還元だけでは会費を賄えない\nステータス・コンシェルジュ・旅行価値で判断\n年会費220,000円。本調査で最も高額。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/luxury-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:luxury-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ラグジュアリーカード（アプラス発行）","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/card/gold/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"最上位の還元・ステータス\n年会費220,000円の金色金属製Mastercardで、シリーズ最高の公表基本還元（約1.5%）と拡張された上位サービスを備える、本調査で最も高額なカード。\nシリーズ最高の基本還元（約1.5%）\n金色の金属製カード\n拡張された上位サービス\n高額利用でも還元だけでは会費を賄えない\nステータス・コンシェルジュ・旅行価値で判断\n年会費220,000円。本調査で最も高額。","url":"/ja/products/luxury-card-gold"},{"id":"product:olive-flexible-pay:ja","entityId":"product:olive-flexible-pay","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Olive Flexible Pay","plainText":"オールインワン口座一体型カード（一般）\n1枚でデビット・クレジット・ポイント払いを切り替えられ、三井住友銀行口座と連携するオールインワンカード。一般ランクは年会費無料でVポイントが貯まる。\n1枚でデビット・クレジット・ポイント払いを切替\n一般ランクは年会費無料\n選べる特典とタッチ決済のポイント上乗せ\nポイント上乗せは対象店舗・決済方法が条件\n連携する三井住友銀行口座・アプリの利用が前提\n一般ランクは年会費無料。上位ランクは別途年会費。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/olive-flexible-pay","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:olive-flexible-pay"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"オールインワン口座一体型カード（一般）\n1枚でデビット・クレジット・ポイント払いを切り替えられ、三井住友銀行口座と連携するオールインワンカード。一般ランクは年会費無料でVポイントが貯まる。\n1枚でデビット・クレジット・ポイント払いを切替\n一般ランクは年会費無料\n選べる特典とタッチ決済のポイント上乗せ\nポイント上乗せは対象店舗・決済方法が条件\n連携する三井住友銀行口座・アプリの利用が前提\n一般ランクは年会費無料。上位ランクは別途年会費。","url":"/ja/products/olive-flexible-pay"},{"id":"product:smbc-card-platinum:ja","entityId":"product:smbc-card-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Sumitomo Mitsui Card Platinum","plainText":"サービス重視のプラチナカード\nサービス重視の三井住友カード最上位のVisaプラチナ。コンシェルジュ・空港ラウンジ・手厚い旅行保険が中心で、還元率より上位サービスが特徴。年会費は高め。\nコンシェルジュと上位の旅行サービス\n空港ラウンジと手厚い旅行保険\nVポイントが貯まる\n高い年会費に見合うサービス価値が必要\n高い基本還元より上位サービス重視\n本会員の年会費は税込55,000円。価値は上位サービスによる。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/smbc-card-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-card-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/platinum.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"サービス重視のプラチナカード\nサービス重視の三井住友カード最上位のVisaプラチナ。コンシェルジュ・空港ラウンジ・手厚い旅行保険が中心で、還元率より上位サービスが特徴。年会費は高め。\nコンシェルジュと上位の旅行サービス\n空港ラウンジと手厚い旅行保険\nVポイントが貯まる\n高い年会費に見合うサービス価値が必要\n高い基本還元より上位サービス重視\n本会員の年会費は税込55,000円。価値は上位サービスによる。","url":"/ja/products/smbc-card-platinum"},{"id":"product:jcb-card-w-plus-l:ja","entityId":"product:jcb-card-w-plus-l","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB Card W plus L","plainText":"18〜39歳向け年会費無料カード（特典付き）\nJCBカードWに、任意加入の女性向け保険・特典プログラムを付加したバリアント。永年無料・優遇還元の土台は同じで、新規申込は18〜39歳に限定。\n年会費永年無料（申込は18〜39歳）\nJCBカードWと同じ優遇された基本還元\n任意加入の保険・特典プログラム\n新規申込は18〜39歳に限定\n付帯プログラムは別途月額費用がかかる場合がある\nカード自体は年会費無料。任意の付帯プログラムは別途費用の場合あり。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jcb-card-w-plus-l","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-card-w-plus-l"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/jcb_w_plus_l.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"18〜39歳向け年会費無料カード（特典付き）\nJCBカードWに、任意加入の女性向け保険・特典プログラムを付加したバリアント。永年無料・優遇還元の土台は同じで、新規申込は18〜39歳に限定。\n年会費永年無料（申込は18〜39歳）\nJCBカードWと同じ優遇された基本還元\n任意加入の保険・特典プログラム\n新規申込は18〜39歳に限定\n付帯プログラムは別途月額費用がかかる場合がある\nカード自体は年会費無料。任意の付帯プログラムは別途費用の場合あり。","url":"/ja/products/jcb-card-w-plus-l"},{"id":"product:rakuten-pink-card:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-pink-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten PINK Card","plainText":"年会費無料カード（選べる特典付き）\n通常カードと同じく年会費無料・楽天ポイントの土台に、カスタムデザインや生活優待、女性向け保険といった任意加入の特典プログラムを追加できる楽天カードのバリアント。\n本カードは年会費無料\n通常カードと同じく楽天ポイントが貯まる\n任意加入の特典・保険プログラム\n付帯プログラムは別途月額費用がかかる\n基本付与は通常の楽天カードと同じ\n本カードは年会費無料。任意の付帯プログラムは別途費用。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-pink-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-pink-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-pink-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"年会費無料カード（選べる特典付き）\n通常カードと同じく年会費無料・楽天ポイントの土台に、カスタムデザインや生活優待、女性向け保険といった任意加入の特典プログラムを追加できる楽天カードのバリアント。\n本カードは年会費無料\n通常カードと同じく楽天ポイントが貯まる\n任意加入の特典・保険プログラム\n付帯プログラムは別途月額費用がかかる\n基本付与は通常の楽天カードと同じ\n本カードは年会費無料。任意の付帯プログラムは別途費用。","url":"/ja/products/rakuten-pink-card"},{"id":"product:aeon-card-waon:ja","entityId":"product:aeon-card-waon","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"AEON Card (WAON integrated)","plainText":"年会費無料・WAON電子マネー一体型カード\n年会費無料で、クレジット・キャッシュ機能・WAON電子マネーを1枚にまとめたイオンカード。WAON POINTが貯まり、イオングループの割引デーなどの優待がある。\n年会費無料\nWAON電子マネー・キャッシュ機能を一体化\nイオングループの割引デー優待\nイオングループ利用者ほど利点が大きい\nポイント上乗せは対象日・店舗が条件\n年会費無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/aeon-card-waon","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-waon"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/aeoncardwaon/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"年会費無料・WAON電子マネー一体型カード\n年会費無料で、クレジット・キャッシュ機能・WAON電子マネーを1枚にまとめたイオンカード。WAON POINTが貯まり、イオングループの割引デーなどの優待がある。\n年会費無料\nWAON電子マネー・キャッシュ機能を一体化\nイオングループの割引デー優待\nイオングループ利用者ほど利点が大きい\nポイント上乗せは対象日・店舗が条件\n年会費無料。","url":"/ja/products/aeon-card-waon"},{"id":"product:view-suica-card:ja","entityId":"product:view-suica-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"\"View Suica\" Card","plainText":"Suica一体型の通勤・鉄道カード\nSuicaを一体化したJR東日本の代表的なビューカード。オートチャージに対応し、Suicaチャージやえきねっと等でJRE POINTが高めに貯まり、定期券も搭載できる。年会費あり。\nオートチャージ対応のSuica一体型\nSuicaチャージ・JR東日本サービスでJRE POINTが高め\n定期券をカードに搭載可能\n年会費無料の一般カードと異なり年会費がかかる\nJR東日本・Suica利用者ほど価値が高い\n年会費がかかる。最新の金額は商品ページで確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/view-suica-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:view-suica-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/type/viewsuica/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Suica一体型の通勤・鉄道カード\nSuicaを一体化したJR東日本の代表的なビューカード。オートチャージに対応し、Suicaチャージやえきねっと等でJRE POINTが高めに貯まり、定期券も搭載できる。年会費あり。\nオートチャージ対応のSuica一体型\nSuicaチャージ・JR東日本サービスでJRE POINTが高め\n定期券をカードに搭載可能\n年会費無料の一般カードと異なり年会費がかかる\nJR東日本・Suica利用者ほど価値が高い\n年会費がかかる。最新の金額は商品ページで確認。","url":"/ja/products/view-suica-card"},{"id":"product:jal-card-suica:ja","entityId":"product:jal-card-suica","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL Card Suica","plainText":"Suica一体型のマイル系カード\nJR東日本と提携し、JALマイルの獲得とSuica一体機能を組み合わせたJALカード。JALマイルを貯めつつ、JRE POINT経由でSuicaにチャージできる。年会費あり。\nJALマイルが貯まる\nSuica一体でJRE POINTからチャージ\n任意のショッピングマイル・プレミアムで高め還元\n年会費がかかり、ショッピングマイル・プレミアムは別途費用\nJAL搭乗とSuica利用の両方がある人向け\n年会費がかかり、任意のショッピングマイル・プレミアムは別途費用。最新金額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-card-suica","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-card-suica"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社JALカード","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jalcard/lineup/suica.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"Suica一体型のマイル系カード\nJR東日本と提携し、JALマイルの獲得とSuica一体機能を組み合わせたJALカード。JALマイルを貯めつつ、JRE POINT経由でSuicaにチャージできる。年会費あり。\nJALマイルが貯まる\nSuica一体でJRE POINTからチャージ\n任意のショッピングマイル・プレミアムで高め還元\n年会費がかかり、ショッピングマイル・プレミアムは別途費用\nJAL搭乗とSuica利用の両方がある人向け\n年会費がかかり、任意のショッピングマイル・プレミアムは別途費用。最新金額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/jal-card-suica"},{"id":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso:ja","entityId":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card VIASO","plainText":"年会費無料・オートキャッシュバックカード\n年会費無料の三菱UFJカード（Mastercard）。貯まったグローバルポイントが年1回自動で口座へキャッシュバックされ、手動交換や失効を気にせず使えるのが特徴。\n年会費無料\n貯めたポイントを年1回自動でキャッシュバック\n一部の携帯・プロバイダ登録先で還元アップ\nオートキャッシュバックには所定の最低ポイントが必要\n特約以外の基本還元は控えめ\n年会費無料。貯めたポイントは年1回自動でキャッシュバック。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/viaso/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"年会費無料・オートキャッシュバックカード\n年会費無料の三菱UFJカード（Mastercard）。貯まったグローバルポイントが年1回自動で口座へキャッシュバックされ、手動交換や失効を気にせず使えるのが特徴。\n年会費無料\n貯めたポイントを年1回自動でキャッシュバック\n一部の携帯・プロバイダ登録先で還元アップ\nオートキャッシュバックには所定の最低ポイントが必要\n特約以外の基本還元は控えめ\n年会費無料。貯めたポイントは年1回自動でキャッシュバック。","url":"/ja/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card-viaso"},{"id":"product:jcb-general-partner-with-point:ja","entityId":"product:jcb-general-partner-with-point","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB General / Partner With Point","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nJCB 一般カード / PARTNER WITH POINTは、JCBが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,375円\nJ-POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jcb-general-partner-with-point","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-general-partner-with-point"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/pwp.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/lineup/?3000_3010=1","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nJCB 一般カード / PARTNER WITH POINTは、JCBが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,375円\nJ-POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","url":"/ja/products/jcb-general-partner-with-point"},{"id":"product:jcb-linda:ja","entityId":"product:jcb-linda","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB LINDA","plainText":"日常使いのカード\nJCB LINDAは、JCBが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nJ-POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：JCB\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jcb-linda","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-linda"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/linda.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/lineup/?3000_3010=1","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"日常使いのカード\nJCB LINDAは、JCBが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nJ-POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：JCB\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","url":"/ja/products/jcb-linda"},{"id":"product:jcb-card-r:ja","entityId":"product:jcb-card-r","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB Card R","plainText":"日常使いのカード\nJCB CARD Rは、JCBが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約2%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nJ-POINTが基本約2%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：JCB\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jcb-card-r","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-card-r"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/card_r.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/lineup/?3000_3010=1","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"日常使いのカード\nJCB CARD Rは、JCBが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約2%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nJ-POINTが基本約2%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：JCB\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/jcb-card-r"},{"id":"product:saison-pearl-amex-digital:ja","entityId":"product:saison-pearl-amex-digital","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Saison Pearl Amex Digital","plainText":"通信・スマホ決済カード\nセゾンパール・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード Digitalは、クレディセゾンが発行する通信・スマホ決済カード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,100円\nPermanent Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,100円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/saison-pearl-amex-digital","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-pearl-amex-digital"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/pearl/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/pearl/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"通信・スマホ決済カード\nセゾンパール・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カード Digitalは、クレディセゾンが発行する通信・スマホ決済カード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,100円\nPermanent Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,100円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","url":"/ja/products/saison-pearl-amex-digital"},{"id":"product:saison-gold-american-express-card:ja","entityId":"product:saison-gold-american-express-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Saison Gold American Express Card","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nセゾンゴールド・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.75%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nPermanent Pointsが基本約0.75%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/saison-gold-american-express-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-gold-american-express-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/gold/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/gold/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nセゾンゴールド・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.75%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nPermanent Pointsが基本約0.75%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/saison-gold-american-express-card"},{"id":"product:saison-rose-gold-american-express-card:ja","entityId":"product:saison-rose-gold-american-express-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Saison Rose Gold American Express Card","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nセゾンローズゴールド・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.75%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nPermanent Pointsが基本約0.75%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/saison-rose-gold-american-express-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-rose-gold-american-express-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/rose/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/rosegold/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nセゾンローズゴールド・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.75%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nPermanent Pointsが基本約0.75%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/saison-rose-gold-american-express-card"},{"id":"product:gold-card-saison:ja","entityId":"product:gold-card-saison","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Gold Card Saison","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nゴールドカードセゾンは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nPermanent Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/gold-card-saison","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:gold-card-saison"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=gold","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/006/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nゴールドカードセゾンは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nPermanent Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。","url":"/ja/products/gold-card-saison"},{"id":"product:saison-gold-associe-amex:ja","entityId":"product:saison-gold-associe-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Saison Gold Associe Amex","plainText":"ゴールドランクの日常使いのカード\nセゾンゴールド・アソシエ・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクの日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込2,200円。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.75%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nPermanent Pointsが基本約0.75%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：対象のセゾンカード会員であること。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/saison-gold-associe-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-gold-associe-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=gold","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/011/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの日常使いのカード\nセゾンゴールド・アソシエ・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクの日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込2,200円。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.75%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nPermanent Pointsが基本約0.75%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：対象のセゾンカード会員であること。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。","url":"/ja/products/saison-gold-associe-amex"},{"id":"product:mileageplus-saison-card:ja","entityId":"product:mileageplus-saison-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"MileagePlus Saison Card","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nMileagePlus セゾンカードは、クレディセゾンが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、American Express）。年会費は税込3,300円。対象利用でUnited MileagePlusが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込3,300円\nUnited MileagePlusが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間3,300円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込3,300円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mileageplus-saison-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:mileageplus-saison-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/026/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"航空マイルカード\nMileagePlus セゾンカードは、クレディセゾンが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、American Express）。年会費は税込3,300円。対象利用でUnited MileagePlusが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込3,300円\nUnited MileagePlusが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間3,300円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込3,300円。","url":"/ja/products/mileageplus-saison-card"},{"id":"product:mileageplus-saison-gold-card:ja","entityId":"product:mileageplus-saison-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"MileagePlus Saison Gold Card","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nMileagePlus セゾンゴールドカードは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、American Express）。年会費は税込22,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でUnited MileagePlusが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込22,000円\nUnited MileagePlusが基本約1.5%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間22,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込22,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mileageplus-saison-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:mileageplus-saison-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/mileage/ua-gold/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/027/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nMileagePlus セゾンゴールドカードは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、American Express）。年会費は税込22,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でUnited MileagePlusが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込22,000円\nUnited MileagePlusが基本約1.5%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間22,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込22,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/mileageplus-saison-gold-card"},{"id":"product:mileageplus-saison-platinum-card:ja","entityId":"product:mileageplus-saison-platinum-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"MileagePlus Saison Platinum Card","plainText":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード\nMileagePlus セゾンプラチナカードは、クレディセゾンが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は税込55,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でUnited MileagePlusが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込55,000円\nUnited MileagePlusが基本約1.5%で貯まる\nブランドによりプレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間55,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込55,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mileageplus-saison-platinum-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:mileageplus-saison-platinum-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/mileage/ua-platinum/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/028/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード\nMileagePlus セゾンプラチナカードは、クレディセゾンが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は税込55,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でUnited MileagePlusが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込55,000円\nUnited MileagePlusが基本約1.5%で貯まる\nブランドによりプレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間55,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込55,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/mileageplus-saison-platinum-card"},{"id":"product:muji-card:ja","entityId":"product:muji-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"MUJI Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nMUJI Cardは、クレディセゾンが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPermanent Points / MUJI pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nPermanent Points / MUJI pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/muji-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:muji-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/029/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nMUJI Cardは、クレディセゾンが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPermanent Points / MUJI pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nPermanent Points / MUJI pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/muji-card"},{"id":"product:loft-card:ja","entityId":"product:loft-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Loft Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nロフトカードは、クレディセゾンが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nPermanent Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/loft-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:loft-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/030/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nロフトカードは、クレディセゾンが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nPermanent Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/loft-card"},{"id":"product:likeme-by-saison-card:ja","entityId":"product:likeme-by-saison-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Likeme by Saison Card","plainText":"ポイント還元カード\nLikeme by saison cardは、クレディセゾンが発行するポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でCashbackが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nCashbackが基本約1%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/likeme-by-saison-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:likeme-by-saison-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/083/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ポイント還元カード\nLikeme by saison cardは、クレディセゾンが発行するポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でCashbackが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nCashbackが基本約1%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/likeme-by-saison-card"},{"id":"product:shop-channel-card-saison:ja","entityId":"product:shop-channel-card-saison","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Shop Channel Card Saison","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nショップチャンネルカード セゾンは、クレディセゾンが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でShop Channel pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nShop Channel pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/shop-channel-card-saison","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:shop-channel-card-saison"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/078/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nショップチャンネルカード セゾンは、クレディセゾンが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でShop Channel pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nShop Channel pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/shop-channel-card-saison"},{"id":"product:nimoca-saison-card:ja","entityId":"product:nimoca-saison-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"nimoca Saison Card","plainText":"鉄道・交通系カード\nnimocaセゾンカードは、クレディセゾンが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でnimoca pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.3%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nnimoca pointsが基本約0.3%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/nimoca-saison-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:nimoca-saison-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/067/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"鉄道・交通系カード\nnimocaセゾンカードは、クレディセゾンが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でnimoca pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.3%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nnimoca pointsが基本約0.3%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/nimoca-saison-card"},{"id":"product:samurai-blue-card-saison:ja","entityId":"product:samurai-blue-card-saison","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Samurai Blue Card Saison","plainText":"デザインカード\nSAMURAI BLUE カード セゾンは、クレディセゾンが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nPermanent Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/samurai-blue-card-saison","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:samurai-blue-card-saison"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=normal","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/076/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"デザインカード\nSAMURAI BLUE カード セゾンは、クレディセゾンが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPermanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nPermanent Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/samurai-blue-card-saison"},{"id":"product:jq-card-saison-gold:ja","entityId":"product:jq-card-saison-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JQ Card Saison Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクのポイント還元カード\nJQ CARD セゾン GOLDは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でJR Kyushu Q points / Permanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nJR Kyushu Q points / Permanent Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jq-card-saison-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:jq-card-saison-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/?options=gold","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/creditcard/lineup/092/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクのポイント還元カード\nJQ CARD セゾン GOLDは、クレディセゾンが発行するゴールドランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でJR Kyushu Q points / Permanent Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nJR Kyushu Q points / Permanent Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","url":"/ja/products/jq-card-saison-gold"},{"id":"product:d-card-gold-u:ja","entityId":"product:d-card-gold-u","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"d Card Gold U","plainText":"ゴールドランクの通信・スマホ決済カード\ndカード GOLD Uは、NTTドコモが発行するゴールドランクの通信・スマホ決済カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込3,300円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でd POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込3,300円\nd POINTが基本約1%で貯まる\n国内ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間3,300円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18〜29歳。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込3,300円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/d-card-gold-u","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ntt-docomo"],"families":["family:d-card-gold-u"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社NTTドコモ","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/dcard_goldu/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社NTTドコモ","url":"https://dcard.docomo.ne.jp/st/dcard_lineup/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社NTTドコモ","url":"https://dpoint.docomo.ne.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの通信・スマホ決済カード\ndカード GOLD Uは、NTTドコモが発行するゴールドランクの通信・スマホ決済カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込3,300円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でd POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込3,300円\nd POINTが基本約1%で貯まる\n国内ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間3,300円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18〜29歳。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込3,300円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","url":"/ja/products/d-card-gold-u"},{"id":"product:aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design:ja","entityId":"product:aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"AEON Card Select Mickey Mouse Design","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nイオンカードセレクト（ミッキーマウス デザイン）は、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/disney_select/","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nイオンカードセレクト（ミッキーマウス デザイン）は、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/aeon-card-select-mickey-mouse-design"},{"id":"product:aeon-card-select-toy-story-design:ja","entityId":"product:aeon-card-select-toy-story-design","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"AEON Card Select Toy Story Design","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nイオンカードセレクト（トイ・ストーリー デザイン）は、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/aeon-card-select-toy-story-design","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-select-toy-story-design"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/toystory_select/","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nイオンカードセレクト（トイ・ストーリー デザイン）は、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/aeon-card-select-toy-story-design"},{"id":"product:aeon-card-select-minions:ja","entityId":"product:aeon-card-select-minions","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"AEON Card Select Minions","plainText":"デザインカード\nイオンカードセレクト（ミニオンズ）は、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/aeon-card-select-minions","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-select-minions"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/minions_select/","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"デザインカード\nイオンカードセレクト（ミニオンズ）は、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/aeon-card-select-minions"},{"id":"product:aeon-card-minions:ja","entityId":"product:aeon-card-minions","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"AEON Card Minions","plainText":"デザインカード\nイオンカード（ミニオンズ）は、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/aeon-card-minions","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-card-minions"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/minions/","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"デザインカード\nイオンカード（ミニオンズ）は、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/aeon-card-minions"},{"id":"product:tgc-card:ja","entityId":"product:tgc-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"TGC Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nTGC CARDは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/tgc-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:tgc-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/tgc/","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nTGC CARDは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/tgc-card"},{"id":"product:cosmo-the-card-opus:ja","entityId":"product:cosmo-the-card-opus","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Cosmo The Card Opus","plainText":"給油系カード\nコスモ・ザ・カード・オーパスは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/cosmo-the-card-opus","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:cosmo-the-card-opus"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/cosmo/","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"給油系カード\nコスモ・ザ・カード・オーパスは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/cosmo-the-card-opus"},{"id":"product:aeon-suica-card:ja","entityId":"product:aeon-suica-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"AEON Suica Card","plainText":"鉄道・交通系カード\nイオンSuicaカードは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINT / JRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINT / JRE POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険（規定による）\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/aeon-suica-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-suica-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/aeonsuica/","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/suica/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"鉄道・交通系カード\nイオンSuicaカードは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINT / JRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINT / JRE POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険（規定による）\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/aeon-suica-card"},{"id":"product:jmb-jq-sugoca:ja","entityId":"product:jmb-jq-sugoca","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JMB JQ SUGOCA","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nJMB JQ SUGOCAは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJAL miles / JR Kyushu Q pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nJAL miles / JR Kyushu Q pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jmb-jq-sugoca","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:jmb-jq-sugoca"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/jmbjqsugoca/","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/jmb_jq_sugoca/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"航空マイルカード\nJMB JQ SUGOCAは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJAL miles / JR Kyushu Q pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nJAL miles / JR Kyushu Q pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/jmb-jq-sugoca"},{"id":"product:aeon-jmb-card:ja","entityId":"product:aeon-jmb-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"AEON JMB Card","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nイオンJMBカード（JMB WAON一体型）は、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nJAL milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/aeon-jmb-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:aeon-jmb-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/jmbwaon/","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"航空マイルカード\nイオンJMBカード（JMB WAON一体型）は、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nJAL milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/aeon-jmb-card"},{"id":"product:benesse-aeon-card:ja","entityId":"product:benesse-aeon-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Benesse AEON Card","plainText":"学生向けカード\nベネッセ・イオンカード（WAON一体型）は、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する学生向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINT / Benesse pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINT / Benesse pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/benesse-aeon-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:benesse-aeon-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/benesse/","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/benesse/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"学生向けカード\nベネッセ・イオンカード（WAON一体型）は、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する学生向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINT / Benesse pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINT / Benesse pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/benesse-aeon-card"},{"id":"product:kasumi-card:ja","entityId":"product:kasumi-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"KASUMI Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nKASUMIカードは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/kasumi-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:kasumi-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/kasumi/","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nKASUMIカードは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/kasumi-card"},{"id":"product:sports-authority-card:ja","entityId":"product:sports-authority-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Sports Authority Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nスポーツオーソリティカードは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点の発行会社の公式ラインアップに基づく記録。新規申込は受け付けていない。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\nイオンは本カードの新規申込受付を終了している。以下は最終確認時点の内容で、既存会員向けの記録として残している。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/sports-authority-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:sports-authority-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nスポーツオーソリティカードは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点の発行会社の公式ラインアップに基づく記録。新規申込は受け付けていない。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\nイオンは本カードの新規申込受付を終了している。以下は最終確認時点の内容で、既存会員向けの記録として残している。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/sports-authority-card"},{"id":"product:kojima-x-bic-camera-card:ja","entityId":"product:kojima-x-bic-camera-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Kojima x Bic Camera Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nコジマ×ビックカメラカードは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINT / store pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINT / store pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/kojima-x-bic-camera-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:kojima-x-bic-camera-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/kojima/","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/kojima/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nコジマ×ビックカメラカードは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINT / store pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINT / store pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/kojima-x-bic-camera-card"},{"id":"product:orico-card-the-point-upty:ja","entityId":"product:orico-card-the-point-upty","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Orico Card The Point UPty","plainText":"日常使いのカード\nOrico Card THE POINT UPtyは、オリコが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でOrico Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nOrico Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/orico-card-the-point-upty","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:orico-card-the-point-upty"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/upty/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"日常使いのカード\nOrico Card THE POINT UPtyは、オリコが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でOrico Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nOrico Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/orico-card-the-point-upty"},{"id":"product:orico-card-the-gold-prime:ja","entityId":"product:orico-card-the-gold-prime","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Orico Card The Gold Prime","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nOrico Card THE GOLD PRIMEは、オリコが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でOrico Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nOrico Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/orico-card-the-gold-prime","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:orico-card-the-gold-prime"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/thegoldprime/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nOrico Card THE GOLD PRIMEは、オリコが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でOrico Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nOrico Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","url":"/ja/products/orico-card-the-gold-prime"},{"id":"product:the-gold:ja","entityId":"product:the-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"The Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nThe Goldは、オリコが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nOrico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/the-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:the-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/thegold/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nThe Goldは、オリコが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nOrico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。","url":"/ja/products/the-gold"},{"id":"product:gold-upty:ja","entityId":"product:gold-upty","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Gold UPty","plainText":"ゴールドランクの日常使いのカード\nGold UPtyは、オリコが発行するゴールドランクの日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込5,500円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込5,500円\nOrico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込5,500円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/gold-upty","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:gold-upty"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/goldupty/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの日常使いのカード\nGold UPtyは、オリコが発行するゴールドランクの日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込5,500円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込5,500円\nOrico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込5,500円。初年度無料と案内されている。","url":"/ja/products/gold-upty"},{"id":"product:ex-gold-for-biz-s:ja","entityId":"product:ex-gold-for-biz-s","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"EX Gold for Biz S","plainText":"ゴールドランクのビジネスカード\nEX Gold for Biz Sは、オリコが発行するゴールドランクのビジネスカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込2,200円。対象利用で暮らスマイル / Orico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.6%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\n暮らスマイル / Orico pointsが基本約0.6%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：個人事業主向け。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ex-gold-for-biz-s","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:ex-gold-for-biz-s"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/business/creditcard/list/exgoldforbiz_s/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/business/creditcard/exgoldforbizs/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクのビジネスカード\nEX Gold for Biz Sは、オリコが発行するゴールドランクのビジネスカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込2,200円。対象利用で暮らスマイル / Orico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.6%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\n暮らスマイル / Orico pointsが基本約0.6%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：個人事業主向け。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。","url":"/ja/products/ex-gold-for-biz-s"},{"id":"product:ex-gold-for-biz-m:ja","entityId":"product:ex-gold-for-biz-m","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"EX Gold for Biz M","plainText":"ゴールドランクのビジネスカード\nEX Gold for Biz Mは、オリコが発行するゴールドランクのビジネスカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込2,200円。対象利用で暮らスマイル / Orico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.6%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\n暮らスマイル / Orico pointsが基本約0.6%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：法人代表者向け。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ex-gold-for-biz-m","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:ex-gold-for-biz-m"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/business/creditcard/list/exgoldforbiz_m/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/business/creditcard/exgoldforbizm/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクのビジネスカード\nEX Gold for Biz Mは、オリコが発行するゴールドランクのビジネスカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込2,200円。対象利用で暮らスマイル / Orico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.6%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\n暮らスマイル / Orico pointsが基本約0.6%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：法人代表者向け。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。","url":"/ja/products/ex-gold-for-biz-m"},{"id":"product:love-the-earth:ja","entityId":"product:love-the-earth","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Love the Earth","plainText":"寄付型カード\nLOVE THE EARTHは、オリコが発行する寄付型カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nOrico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/love-the-earth","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:love-the-earth"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/earth/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"寄付型カード\nLOVE THE EARTHは、オリコが発行する寄付型カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nOrico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/love-the-earth"},{"id":"product:red-feather-card:ja","entityId":"product:red-feather-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Red Feather Card","plainText":"寄付型カード\n赤い羽根カードは、オリコが発行する寄付型カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nOrico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：Mastercard\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/red-feather-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:red-feather-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/contribution/akaihane/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"寄付型カード\n赤い羽根カードは、オリコが発行する寄付型カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nOrico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：Mastercard\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/red-feather-card"},{"id":"product:red-cross-orico-card:ja","entityId":"product:red-cross-orico-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Red Cross Orico Card","plainText":"寄付型カード\n赤十字オリコカードは、オリコが発行する寄付型カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nOrico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：Mastercard\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/red-cross-orico-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:red-cross-orico-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/contribution/redcross/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"寄付型カード\n赤十字オリコカードは、オリコが発行する寄付型カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nOrico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：Mastercard\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/red-cross-orico-card"},{"id":"product:japan-animal-welfare-society-card:ja","entityId":"product:japan-animal-welfare-society-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Japan Animal Welfare Society Card","plainText":"寄付型カード\n日本動物愛護協会カードは、オリコが発行する寄付型カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nOrico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：Mastercard\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/japan-animal-welfare-society-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:japan-animal-welfare-society-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/contribution/jspca/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"寄付型カード\n日本動物愛護協会カードは、オリコが発行する寄付型カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nOrico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：Mastercard\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/japan-animal-welfare-society-card"},{"id":"product:wild-bird-society-of-japan-card:ja","entityId":"product:wild-bird-society-of-japan-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Wild Bird Society of Japan Card","plainText":"寄付型カード\n日本野鳥の会カードは、オリコが発行する寄付型カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nOrico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：Mastercard\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/wild-bird-society-of-japan-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:orico"],"families":["family:wild-bird-society-of-japan-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/contribution/birdfun/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/creditcard/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社オリエントコーポレーション","url":"https://www.orico.co.jp/point/oricopoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"寄付型カード\n日本野鳥の会カードは、オリコが発行する寄付型カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でOrico pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nOrico pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：Mastercard\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/wild-bird-society-of-japan-card"},{"id":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold:ja","entityId":"product:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Mitsubishi UFJ Card Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\n三菱UFJカード ゴールドは、三菱UFJニコスが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でGlobal Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nGlobal Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/mucard_goldprestige/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\n三菱UFJカード ゴールドは、三菱UFJニコスが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でGlobal Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nGlobal Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。","url":"/ja/products/mitsubishi-ufj-card-gold"},{"id":"product:mufg-card-disney-design:ja","entityId":"product:mufg-card-disney-design","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"MUFG Card Disney Design","plainText":"デザインカード\n三菱UFJカード（ディズニー・デザイン）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でGlobal Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,375円\nGlobal Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mufg-card-disney-design","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mufg-card-disney-design"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/mufgcard_disney/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"デザインカード\n三菱UFJカード（ディズニー・デザイン）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でGlobal Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,375円\nGlobal Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。","url":"/ja/products/mufg-card-disney-design"},{"id":"product:viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio:ja","entityId":"product:viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"VIASO mofusand x Sanrio","plainText":"デザインカード\nVIASOカード（mofusand×サンリオキャラクターズ）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でVIASO Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nVIASO Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_mofusand_sanrio/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"デザインカード\nVIASOカード（mofusand×サンリオキャラクターズ）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でVIASO Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nVIASO Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/viaso-mofusand-x-sanrio"},{"id":"product:viaso-cinnamoroll:ja","entityId":"product:viaso-cinnamoroll","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"VIASO Cinnamoroll","plainText":"デザインカード\nVIASOカード（シナモロール）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でVIASO Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nVIASO Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/viaso-cinnamoroll","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:viaso-cinnamoroll"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_cinnamon/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"デザインカード\nVIASOカード（シナモロール）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でVIASO Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nVIASO Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/viaso-cinnamoroll"},{"id":"product:viaso-my-melody:ja","entityId":"product:viaso-my-melody","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"VIASO My Melody","plainText":"デザインカード\nVIASOカード（マイメロディ）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でVIASO Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nVIASO Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/viaso-my-melody","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:viaso-my-melody"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_mm/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"デザインカード\nVIASOカード（マイメロディ）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でVIASO Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nVIASO Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/viaso-my-melody"},{"id":"product:viaso-gudetama:ja","entityId":"product:viaso-gudetama","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"VIASO Gudetama","plainText":"デザインカード\nVIASOカード（ぐでたま）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でVIASO Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nVIASO Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/viaso-gudetama","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:viaso-gudetama"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_gudetama/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"デザインカード\nVIASOカード（ぐでたま）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でVIASO Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nVIASO Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/viaso-gudetama"},{"id":"product:viaso-urawa-reds:ja","entityId":"product:viaso-urawa-reds","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"VIASO Urawa Reds","plainText":"デザインカード\nVIASOカード（浦和レッズ）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でVIASO Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nVIASO Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/viaso-urawa-reds","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:viaso-urawa-reds"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/viaso_reds/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"デザインカード\nVIASOカード（浦和レッズ）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でVIASO Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nVIASO Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/viaso-urawa-reds"},{"id":"product:jizile:ja","entityId":"product:jizile","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Jizile","plainText":"日常使いのカード\nJizile（ジザイル）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でGlobal Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nGlobal Pointsが基本約1.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jizile","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:jizile"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/dc_jizile/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"日常使いのカード\nJizile（ジザイル）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でGlobal Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nGlobal Pointsが基本約1.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/jizile"},{"id":"product:ja-card:ja","entityId":"product:ja-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JA Card","plainText":"銀行一体型カード\nJAカードは、三菱UFJニコスが発行する銀行一体型カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でGlobal Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,375円\nGlobal Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ja-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:ja-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/ja/cash_001/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/mufgcard/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"銀行一体型カード\nJAカードは、三菱UFJニコスが発行する銀行一体型カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でGlobal Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,375円\nGlobal Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","url":"/ja/products/ja-card"},{"id":"product:eneos-card-s:ja","entityId":"product:eneos-card-s","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ENEOS Card S","plainText":"給油系カード\nENEOSカード Sは、三菱UFJニコスが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。ENEOS points / discountsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,375円\nENEOS points / discountsが貯まる\nロードサービスが付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/eneos-card-s","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:eneos-card-s"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"給油系カード\nENEOSカード Sは、三菱UFJニコスが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。ENEOS points / discountsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,375円\nENEOS points / discountsが貯まる\nロードサービスが付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","url":"/ja/products/eneos-card-s"},{"id":"product:eneos-card-p:ja","entityId":"product:eneos-card-p","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ENEOS Card P","plainText":"ポイント還元カード\nENEOSカード Pは、三菱UFJニコスが発行するポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。ENEOS pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,375円\nENEOS pointsが貯まる\nロードサービスが付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/eneos-card-p","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:eneos-card-p"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ポイント還元カード\nENEOSカード Pは、三菱UFJニコスが発行するポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。ENEOS pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,375円\nENEOS pointsが貯まる\nロードサービスが付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。","url":"/ja/products/eneos-card-p"},{"id":"product:eneos-card-c:ja","entityId":"product:eneos-card-c","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ENEOS Card C","plainText":"給油系カード\nENEOSカード Cは、三菱UFJニコスが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。Fuel discountが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,375円\nFuel discountが貯まる\nロードサービスが付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/eneos-card-c","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:eneos-card-c"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.eneos.co.jp/consumer/ss/card/card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"給油系カード\nENEOSカード Cは、三菱UFJニコスが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。Fuel discountが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,375円\nFuel discountが貯まる\nロードサービスが付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。","url":"/ja/products/eneos-card-c"},{"id":"product:gdo-card:ja","entityId":"product:gdo-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"GDO Card","plainText":"デザインカード\nGDOカード（一般）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は無料。GDO Pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nGDO Pointsが貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/gdo-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:gdo-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/gdo/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/gdo/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"デザインカード\nGDOカード（一般）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は無料。GDO Pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nGDO Pointsが貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/gdo-card"},{"id":"product:gdo-gold-card:ja","entityId":"product:gdo-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"GDO Gold Card","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nGDOカード（ゴールド）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込15,746円。GDO Pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込15,746円\nGDO Pointsが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間15,746円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込15,746円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/gdo-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:gdo-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/gdo_gold/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/gdo_gold/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nGDOカード（ゴールド）は、三菱UFJニコスが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込15,746円。GDO Pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込15,746円\nGDO Pointsが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間15,746円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込15,746円。","url":"/ja/products/gdo-gold-card"},{"id":"product:skypass-mufg-card:ja","entityId":"product:skypass-mufg-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SKYPASS MUFG Card","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nSKYPASS MUFGカードは、三菱UFJニコスが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込3,300円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Korean Air SKYPASSが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込3,300円\nKorean Air SKYPASSが貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間3,300円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込3,300円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/skypass-mufg-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:skypass-mufg-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/skypass/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/skypass/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"航空マイルカード\nSKYPASS MUFGカードは、三菱UFJニコスが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込3,300円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Korean Air SKYPASSが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込3,300円\nKorean Air SKYPASSが貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間3,300円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込3,300円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/skypass-mufg-card"},{"id":"product:skypass-mufg-gold:ja","entityId":"product:skypass-mufg-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SKYPASS MUFG Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nSKYPASS MUFGカード ゴールドは、三菱UFJニコスが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。Korean Air SKYPASSが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nKorean Air SKYPASSが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/skypass-mufg-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:skypass-mufg-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/skypass_gold/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/skypass_gold/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nSKYPASS MUFGカード ゴールドは、三菱UFJニコスが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。Korean Air SKYPASSが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nKorean Air SKYPASSが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","url":"/ja/products/skypass-mufg-gold"},{"id":"product:miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex:ja","entityId":"product:miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Miles & More MUFG Platinum Amex","plainText":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード\nMiles & More MUFG CARD Platinum American Expressは、三菱UFJニコスが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込30,800円。Miles & Moreが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込30,800円\nMiles & Moreが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間30,800円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込30,800円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/amex/apply/miles_more/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/milesandmore_platinum/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード\nMiles & More MUFG CARD Platinum American Expressは、三菱UFJニコスが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込30,800円。Miles & Moreが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込30,800円\nMiles & Moreが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間30,800円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込30,800円。","url":"/ja/products/miles-and-more-mufg-platinum-amex"},{"id":"product:mileageplus-mufg-card:ja","entityId":"product:mileageplus-mufg-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"MileagePlus MUFG Card","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nMileagePlus MUFGカードは、三菱UFJニコスが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込5,500円。United MileagePlusが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込5,500円\nUnited MileagePlusが貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典の記載あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込5,500円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mileageplus-mufg-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mitsubishi-ufj-nicos"],"families":["family:mileageplus-mufg-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/mileageplus/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/index.html?bid=site_footer","official":true},{"publisher":"三菱UFJニコス株式会社","url":"https://www.cr.mufg.jp/apply/card/mileageplus/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"航空マイルカード\nMileagePlus MUFGカードは、三菱UFJニコスが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込5,500円。United MileagePlusが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込5,500円\nUnited MileagePlusが貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典の記載あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込5,500円。","url":"/ja/products/mileageplus-mufg-card"},{"id":"product:view-card-standard-revo:ja","entityId":"product:view-card-standard-revo","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"View Card Standard Revo","plainText":"鉄道・交通系カード\nビューカード スタンダード（リボ）は、ビューカードが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nJRE POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/view-card-standard-revo","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:view-card-standard-revo"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/en/card/first/rev.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"鉄道・交通系カード\nビューカード スタンダード（リボ）は、ビューカードが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nJRE POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/view-card-standard-revo"},{"id":"product:lumine-card:ja","entityId":"product:lumine-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Lumine Card","plainText":"鉄道・交通系カード\nルミネカードは、ビューカードが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込1,048円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でJRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,048円\nJRE POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,048円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,048円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/lumine-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:lumine-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/lumine.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"鉄道・交通系カード\nルミネカードは、ビューカードが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込1,048円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でJRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,048円\nJRE POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,048円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,048円。初年度無料と案内されている。","url":"/ja/products/lumine-card"},{"id":"product:jal-card-suica-club-a:ja","entityId":"product:jal-card-suica-club-a","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL Card Suica Club-A","plainText":"中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード\nJALカードSuica CLUB-Aは、ビューカードが発行する中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でJAL miles / JRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nJAL miles / JRE POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-card-suica-club-a","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:jal-card-suica-club-a"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/jalsuica.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/jalsuica.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード\nJALカードSuica CLUB-Aは、ビューカードが発行する中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でJAL miles / JRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nJAL miles / JRE POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","url":"/ja/products/jal-card-suica-club-a"},{"id":"product:bic-camera-suica-card:ja","entityId":"product:bic-camera-suica-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Bic Camera Suica Card","plainText":"鉄道・交通系カード\nビックカメラSuicaカードは、ビューカードが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、JCB）。年会費は税込524円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でBic points / JRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込524円\nBic points / JRE POINTが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間524円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込524円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/bic-camera-suica-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:bic-camera-suica-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/en/card/first/bic/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/bicsuica.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"鉄道・交通系カード\nビックカメラSuicaカードは、ビューカードが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、JCB）。年会費は税込524円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でBic points / JRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込524円\nBic points / JRE POINTが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間524円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込524円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","url":"/ja/products/bic-camera-suica-card"},{"id":"product:otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle:ja","entityId":"product:otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Otona no Kyujitsu Club Middle","plainText":"鉄道・交通系カード\n大人の休日倶楽部ミドルカードは、ビューカードが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込2,624円。対象利用でJRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,624円\nJRE POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,624円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：所定の年齢条件あり。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,624円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/en/otona/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"鉄道・交通系カード\n大人の休日倶楽部ミドルカードは、ビューカードが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込2,624円。対象利用でJRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,624円\nJRE POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,624円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：所定の年齢条件あり。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,624円。","url":"/ja/products/otona-no-kyujitsu-club-middle"},{"id":"product:otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang:ja","entityId":"product:otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Otona no Kyujitsu Club Zipang","plainText":"鉄道・交通系カード\n大人の休日倶楽部ジパングカードは、ビューカードが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込4,364円。対象利用でJRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込4,364円\nJRE POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間4,364円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：より高い年齢条件あり。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込4,364円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang","relationships":{"providers":["provider:viewcard"],"families":["family:otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/en/card/first/otokyu.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jreast.co.jp/card/first/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ビューカード","url":"https://www.jrepoint.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"鉄道・交通系カード\n大人の休日倶楽部ジパングカードは、ビューカードが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込4,364円。対象利用でJRE POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込4,364円\nJRE POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間4,364円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：より高い年齢条件あり。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込4,364円。","url":"/ja/products/otona-no-kyujitsu-club-zipang"},{"id":"product:jal-club-a:ja","entityId":"product:jal-club-a","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL CLUB-A Card","plainText":"中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード\nJALカード CLUB-Aは、JALカードが発行する中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nJAL milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n補償を強化した旅行傷害保険\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-club-a","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-club-a"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/card/club_a.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード\nJALカード CLUB-Aは、JALカードが発行する中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nJAL milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n補償を強化した旅行傷害保険\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","url":"/ja/products/jal-club-a"},{"id":"product:jal-diners-card:ja","entityId":"product:jal-diners-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL Diners Card","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nJALダイナースカードは、JALカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込30,800円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込30,800円\nJAL milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間30,800円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満27歳以上・発行会社の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込30,800円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-diners-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-diners-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/jaldiners_new.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nJALダイナースカードは、JALカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込30,800円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込30,800円\nJAL milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間30,800円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満27歳以上・発行会社の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込30,800円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/jal-diners-card"},{"id":"product:jal-card-navi:ja","entityId":"product:jal-card-navi","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL Card navi","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nJALカード naviは、JALカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nJAL milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18〜29歳の学生。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-card-navi","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-card-navi"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/card/navi.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"航空マイルカード\nJALカード naviは、JALカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nJAL milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18〜29歳の学生。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/jal-card-navi"},{"id":"product:jal-club-est-ordinary:ja","entityId":"product:jal-club-est-ordinary","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL Club EST Ordinary","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nJAL CLUB EST 普通カードは、JALカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は税込7,700円。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込7,700円\nJAL milesが基本約1%で貯まる\nラウンジクーポン・特典（規定による）\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間7,700円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20〜29歳。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込7,700円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-club-est-ordinary","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-club-est-ordinary"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/card/est.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"航空マイルカード\nJAL CLUB EST 普通カードは、JALカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は税込7,700円。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込7,700円\nJAL milesが基本約1%で貯まる\nラウンジクーポン・特典（規定による）\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間7,700円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20〜29歳。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込7,700円。","url":"/ja/products/jal-club-est-ordinary"},{"id":"product:jal-club-est-gold-platinum:ja","entityId":"product:jal-club-est-gold-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL Club EST Gold/Platinum","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nJAL CLUB EST CLUB-Aゴールド/プラチナは、JALカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express、Diners Club）。確認した資料では単一の年会費が公表されていない。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費は発行会社ページに記載\nJAL milesが基本約1%で貯まる\nラウンジ特典あり\n申込条件：満20〜29歳。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n確認した資料では単一の年会費が公表されていない。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-club-est-gold-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jal-card"],"families":["family:jal-club-est-gold-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/index03.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジャルカード","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jalcard/function/jpp.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nJAL CLUB EST CLUB-Aゴールド/プラチナは、JALカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express、Diners Club）。確認した資料では単一の年会費が公表されていない。対象利用でJAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費は発行会社ページに記載\nJAL milesが基本約1%で貯まる\nラウンジ特典あり\n申込条件：満20〜29歳。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n確認した資料では単一の年会費が公表されていない。","url":"/ja/products/jal-club-est-gold-platinum"},{"id":"product:ana-mastercard-general:ja","entityId":"product:ana-mastercard-general","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Mastercard General","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nANA Mastercard 一般カードは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-mastercard-general","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-mastercard-general"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"航空マイルカード\nANA Mastercard 一般カードは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","url":"/ja/products/ana-mastercard-general"},{"id":"product:ana-jcb-general:ja","entityId":"product:ana-jcb-general","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA JCB General","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nANA JCB 一般カードは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-jcb-general","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-jcb-general"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp1.html/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"航空マイルカード\nANA JCB 一般カードは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","url":"/ja/products/ana-jcb-general"},{"id":"product:ana-american-express-card:ja","entityId":"product:ana-american-express-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA American Express Card","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nANA アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込7,700円。対象利用でMembership Rewards / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込7,700円\nMembership Rewards / ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間7,700円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込7,700円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-american-express-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-american-express-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/ana-classic-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"航空マイルカード\nANA アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込7,700円。対象利用でMembership Rewards / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込7,700円\nMembership Rewards / ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間7,700円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込7,700円。","url":"/ja/products/ana-american-express-card"},{"id":"product:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb:ja","entityId":"product:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA To Me Card PASMO JCB","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nANA To Me CARD PASMO JCB (ソラチカ一般)は、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でOki Doki/J-POINT, Metro points, ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nOki Doki/J-POINT, Metro points, ANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp3.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"航空マイルカード\nANA To Me CARD PASMO JCB (ソラチカ一般)は、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でOki Doki/J-POINT, Metro points, ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nOki Doki/J-POINT, Metro points, ANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","url":"/ja/products/ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb"},{"id":"product:ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard:ja","entityId":"product:ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA TOKYU Point ClubQ PASMO Mastercard","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nANA TOKYU POINT ClubQ PASMO Mastercardは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でV POINT / TOKYU POINT / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nV POINT / TOKYU POINT / ANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/anatopclubq/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"航空マイルカード\nANA TOKYU POINT ClubQ PASMO Mastercardは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でV POINT / TOKYU POINT / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nV POINT / TOKYU POINT / ANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","url":"/ja/products/ana-tokyu-point-clubq-pasmo-mastercard"},{"id":"product:ana-visa-suica:ja","entityId":"product:ana-visa-suica","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa Suica","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nANA VISA Suicaカードは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でV POINT / ANA miles / Suicaが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nV POINT / ANA miles / Suicaが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-visa-suica","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-visa-suica"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/anasuica/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"航空マイルカード\nANA VISA Suicaカードは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でV POINT / ANA miles / Suicaが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nV POINT / ANA miles / Suicaが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","url":"/ja/products/ana-visa-suica"},{"id":"product:ana-visa-wide:ja","entityId":"product:ana-visa-wide","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa Wide","plainText":"中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード\nANA VISAワイドカードは、ANAカードが発行する中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込7,975円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込7,975円\nANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間7,975円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込7,975円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-visa-wide","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-visa-wide"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード\nANA VISAワイドカードは、ANAカードが発行する中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込7,975円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込7,975円\nANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間7,975円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込7,975円。","url":"/ja/products/ana-visa-wide"},{"id":"product:ana-mastercard-wide:ja","entityId":"product:ana-mastercard-wide","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Mastercard Wide","plainText":"中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード\nANA Mastercardワイドカードは、ANAカードが発行する中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込7,975円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込7,975円\nANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間7,975円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込7,975円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-mastercard-wide","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-mastercard-wide"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード\nANA Mastercardワイドカードは、ANAカードが発行する中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込7,975円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込7,975円\nANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間7,975円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込7,975円。","url":"/ja/products/ana-mastercard-wide"},{"id":"product:ana-jcb-wide:ja","entityId":"product:ana-jcb-wide","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA JCB Wide","plainText":"中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード\nANA JCBワイドカードは、ANAカードが発行する中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込7,975円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込7,975円\nANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間7,975円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込7,975円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-jcb-wide","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-jcb-wide"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp1.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード\nANA JCBワイドカードは、ANAカードが発行する中位ランクランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込7,975円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込7,975円\nANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間7,975円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込7,975円。","url":"/ja/products/ana-jcb-wide"},{"id":"product:ana-mastercard-wide-gold:ja","entityId":"product:ana-mastercard-wide-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Mastercard Wide Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nANA Mastercard ワイドゴールドカードは、ANAカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込15,400円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込15,400円\nANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n国内空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間15,400円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込15,400円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-mastercard-wide-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-mastercard-wide-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nANA Mastercard ワイドゴールドカードは、ANAカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込15,400円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込15,400円\nANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n国内空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間15,400円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込15,400円。","url":"/ja/products/ana-mastercard-wide-gold"},{"id":"product:ana-jcb-wide-gold:ja","entityId":"product:ana-jcb-wide-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA JCB Wide Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nANA JCBワイドゴールドカードは、ANAカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込15,400円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込15,400円\nANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n国内空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間15,400円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込15,400円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-jcb-wide-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-jcb-wide-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp1.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nANA JCBワイドゴールドカードは、ANAカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込15,400円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込15,400円\nANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n国内空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間15,400円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込15,400円。","url":"/ja/products/ana-jcb-wide-gold"},{"id":"product:ana-amex-gold:ja","entityId":"product:ana-amex-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Amex Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nANA アメリカン・エキスプレス・ゴールド・カードは、ANAカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込34,100円。対象利用でMembership Rewards / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込34,100円\nMembership Rewards / ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間34,100円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込34,100円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-amex-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-amex-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/ana-gold-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nANA アメリカン・エキスプレス・ゴールド・カードは、ANAカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込34,100円。対象利用でMembership Rewards / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込34,100円\nMembership Rewards / ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間34,100円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込34,100円。","url":"/ja/products/ana-amex-gold"},{"id":"product:ana-diners-card:ja","entityId":"product:ana-diners-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Diners Card","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nANAダイナースカードは、ANAカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込29,700円\nANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間29,700円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満27歳以上・発行会社の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-diners-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-diners-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/anadiners_new.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nANAダイナースカードは、ANAカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込29,700円\nANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間29,700円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満27歳以上・発行会社の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/ana-diners-card"},{"id":"product:ana-jcb-zero:ja","entityId":"product:ana-jcb-zero","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA JCB Zero","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nANA JCBカード ZEROは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点の発行会社の公式ラインアップに基づく記録。新規申込は受け付けていない。\n年会費無料\nANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：JCB\nANAは本カードの新規申込受付を終了している。以下は最終確認時点の内容で、既存会員向けの記録として残している。\n申込条件：満18〜29歳。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-jcb-zero","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-jcb-zero"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"航空マイルカード\nANA JCBカード ZEROは、ANAカードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点の発行会社の公式ラインアップに基づく記録。新規申込は受け付けていない。\n年会費無料\nANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：JCB\nANAは本カードの新規申込受付を終了している。以下は最終確認時点の内容で、既存会員向けの記録として残している。\n申込条件：満18〜29歳。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/ana-jcb-zero"},{"id":"product:ana-visa-platinum-premium:ja","entityId":"product:ana-visa-platinum-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa Platinum Premium","plainText":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード\nANA VISAプラチナ プレミアムカードは、ANAカードが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込88,000円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込88,000円\nANA milesが基本約1.5%で貯まる\nプライオリティ・パスとコンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間88,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満30歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込88,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-visa-platinum-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-visa-platinum-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/platinum/brand/index_ana.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード\nANA VISAプラチナ プレミアムカードは、ANAカードが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込88,000円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込88,000円\nANA milesが基本約1.5%で貯まる\nプライオリティ・パスとコンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間88,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満30歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込88,000円。","url":"/ja/products/ana-visa-platinum-premium"},{"id":"product:ana-jcb-premium:ja","entityId":"product:ana-jcb-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA JCB Premium","plainText":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード\nANA JCBカード プレミアムは、ANAカードが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込77,000円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込77,000円\nANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\nプライオリティ・パスとコンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間77,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満30歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込77,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-jcb-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-jcb-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/promotion/jcb_anacard/cp1.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード\nANA JCBカード プレミアムは、ANAカードが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込77,000円。対象利用でANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込77,000円\nANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\nプライオリティ・パスとコンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間77,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満30歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込77,000円。","url":"/ja/products/ana-jcb-premium"},{"id":"product:ana-amex-premium:ja","entityId":"product:ana-amex-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Amex Premium","plainText":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード\nANA アメリカン・エキスプレス・プレミアム・カードは、ANAカードが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込165,000円。対象利用でMembership Rewards / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込165,000円\nMembership Rewards / ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\nプレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間165,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：インビテーションおよび所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込165,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-amex-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-amex-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/ana-premium-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード\nANA アメリカン・エキスプレス・プレミアム・カードは、ANAカードが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込165,000円。対象利用でMembership Rewards / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込165,000円\nMembership Rewards / ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\nプレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間165,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：インビテーションおよび所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込165,000円。","url":"/ja/products/ana-amex-premium"},{"id":"product:ana-diners-premium:ja","entityId":"product:ana-diners-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Diners Premium","plainText":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード\nANAダイナース プレミアムカードは、ANAカードが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込170,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。ANA milesが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込170,500円\nANA milesが貯まる\nプレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ\n申込状況：インビテーション制。\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間170,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n年会費は税込170,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-diners-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ana-card"],"families":["family:ana-diners-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/anadiners_premium.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/ichiran/","official":true},{"publisher":"ANAおよび提携発行会社","url":"https://www.ana.co.jp/ja/jp/amc/anacard/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"プラチナランクの航空マイルカード\nANAダイナース プレミアムカードは、ANAカードが発行するプラチナランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込170,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。ANA milesが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込170,500円\nANA milesが貯まる\nプレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ\n申込状況：インビテーション制。\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間170,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n年会費は税込170,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/ana-diners-premium"},{"id":"product:diners-club-business-card:ja","entityId":"product:diners-club-business-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Diners Club Business Card","plainText":"プレミアムランクのビジネスカード\nダイナースクラブ ビジネスカードは、ダイナースクラブが発行するプレミアムランクのビジネスカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Diners Club Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込29,700円\nDiners Club Rewardsが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間29,700円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：事業主向け。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/diners-club-business-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:diners-club-business-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/corporate/cardlineup/business.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/point.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"プレミアムランクのビジネスカード\nダイナースクラブ ビジネスカードは、ダイナースクラブが発行するプレミアムランクのビジネスカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Diners Club Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込29,700円\nDiners Club Rewardsが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間29,700円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：事業主向け。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/diners-club-business-card"},{"id":"product:ginza-diners-club-card:ja","entityId":"product:ginza-diners-club-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Ginza Diners Club Card","plainText":"プレミアムランクの日常使いのカード\n銀座ダイナースクラブカードは、ダイナースクラブが発行するプレミアムランクの日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込33,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Diners Club Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込33,000円\nDiners Club Rewardsが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間33,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：発行会社の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込33,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ginza-diners-club-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:ginza-diners-club-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/ginzadiners.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/point.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"プレミアムランクの日常使いのカード\n銀座ダイナースクラブカードは、ダイナースクラブが発行するプレミアムランクの日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込33,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Diners Club Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込33,000円\nDiners Club Rewardsが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間33,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：発行会社の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込33,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/ginza-diners-club-card"},{"id":"product:bmw-diners-card:ja","entityId":"product:bmw-diners-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"BMW Diners Card","plainText":"プレミアムランクの給油系カード\nBMW ダイナースカードは、ダイナースクラブが発行するプレミアムランクの給油系カード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Diners Club Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込29,700円\nDiners Club Rewardsが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間29,700円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：発行会社の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/bmw-diners-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:bmw-diners-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/bmwdiners.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/point.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"プレミアムランクの給油系カード\nBMW ダイナースカードは、ダイナースクラブが発行するプレミアムランクの給油系カード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Diners Club Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込29,700円\nDiners Club Rewardsが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間29,700円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：発行会社の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/bmw-diners-card"},{"id":"product:new-otani-club-diners:ja","entityId":"product:new-otani-club-diners","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"New Otani Club Diners","plainText":"プレミアムランクの旅行向けカード\nニューオータニクラブ ダイナースカードは、ダイナースクラブが発行するプレミアムランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Diners Club Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込29,700円\nDiners Club Rewardsが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間29,700円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：発行会社の審査・クラブ所定の条件。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/new-otani-club-diners","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sumitomo-mitsui-trust-club"],"families":["family:new-otani-club-diners"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup/newotaniclubdiners.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/cardlineup.html","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友トラストクラブ株式会社","url":"https://www.diners.co.jp/ja/point.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"プレミアムランクの旅行向けカード\nニューオータニクラブ ダイナースカードは、ダイナースクラブが発行するプレミアムランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Diners Club）。年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Diners Club Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込29,700円\nDiners Club Rewardsが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間29,700円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：発行会社の審査・クラブ所定の条件。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込29,700円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/new-otani-club-diners"},{"id":"product:luxury-card-black-diamond:ja","entityId":"product:luxury-card-black-diamond","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Luxury Card Black Diamond","plainText":"ブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード\nMastercard Black Diamondは、ラグジュアリーカードが発行するブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込660,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Luxury Card Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込660,000円\nLuxury Card Rewardsが貯まる\nプレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ\n申込状況：インビテーション制。\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間660,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n年会費は税込660,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/luxury-card-black-diamond","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:luxury-card-black-diamond"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Black Card I 株式会社／株式会社アプラス","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/blackdiamond/","official":true},{"publisher":"Black Card I 株式会社／株式会社アプラス","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/compare/","official":true},{"publisher":"Black Card I 株式会社／株式会社アプラス","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/compare/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード\nMastercard Black Diamondは、ラグジュアリーカードが発行するブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込660,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Luxury Card Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込660,000円\nLuxury Card Rewardsが貯まる\nプレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ\n申込状況：インビテーション制。\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間660,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n年会費は税込660,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/luxury-card-black-diamond"},{"id":"product:jal-luxury-card:ja","entityId":"product:jal-luxury-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL Luxury Card","plainText":"ブラック・招待制ランクの航空マイルカード\nJAL Luxury Cardは、ラグジュアリーカードが発行するブラック・招待制ランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込242,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。JAL miles / Luxury Card rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込242,000円\nJAL miles / Luxury Card rewardsが貯まる\nプレミアムラウンジ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間242,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込242,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-luxury-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:jal-luxury-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Black Card I 株式会社／株式会社アプラス","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jal-luxury-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"Black Card I 株式会社／株式会社アプラス","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/compare/","official":true},{"publisher":"Black Card I 株式会社／株式会社アプラス","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/jal/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ブラック・招待制ランクの航空マイルカード\nJAL Luxury Cardは、ラグジュアリーカードが発行するブラック・招待制ランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込242,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。JAL miles / Luxury Card rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込242,000円\nJAL miles / Luxury Card rewardsが貯まる\nプレミアムラウンジ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間242,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込242,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/jal-luxury-card"},{"id":"product:jal-luxury-card-limited:ja","entityId":"product:jal-luxury-card-limited","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JAL Luxury Card Limited","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nJAL Luxury Card Limitedは、ラグジュアリーカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込599,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。JAL miles / Luxury Card rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込599,500円\nJAL miles / Luxury Card rewardsが貯まる\nプレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ\n申込状況：限定発行（提供状況を要確認）。\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間599,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n年会費は税込599,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jal-luxury-card-limited","relationships":{"providers":["provider:luxury-card"],"families":["family:jal-luxury-card-limited"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Black Card I 株式会社／株式会社アプラス","url":"https://www.jal.co.jp/jp/ja/jmb/jal-luxury-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"Black Card I 株式会社／株式会社アプラス","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/compare/","official":true},{"publisher":"Black Card I 株式会社／株式会社アプラス","url":"https://www.luxurycard.co.jp/jal/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nJAL Luxury Card Limitedは、ラグジュアリーカードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込599,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。JAL miles / Luxury Card rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込599,500円\nJAL miles / Luxury Card rewardsが貯まる\nプレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ\n申込状況：限定発行（提供状況を要確認）。\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間599,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n年会費は税込599,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/jal-luxury-card-limited"},{"id":"product:smbc-visa-infinite:ja","entityId":"product:smbc-visa-infinite","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SMBC Visa Infinite","plainText":"ブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード\n三井住友カード Visa Infiniteは、三井住友カードが発行するブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込99,000円。V POINTが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込99,000円\nV POINTが貯まる\nプレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間99,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：発行会社の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込99,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/smbc-visa-infinite","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-visa-infinite"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/infinite.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/mem/wp/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード\n三井住友カード Visa Infiniteは、三井住友カードが発行するブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込99,000円。V POINTが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込99,000円\nV POINTが貯まる\nプレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間99,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：発行会社の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込99,000円。","url":"/ja/products/smbc-visa-infinite"},{"id":"product:olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred:ja","entityId":"product:olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Olive Flexible Pay Platinum Preferred","plainText":"プラチナランクのポイント還元カード\nOlive フレキシブルペイ プラチナプリファードは、三井住友カードが発行するプラチナランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込33,000円。対象利用でV POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込33,000円\nV POINTが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間33,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：Oliveアカウントの契約と審査が必要。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込33,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/kojin/olive-account/platinum-preferred/","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/mem/wp/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"プラチナランクのポイント還元カード\nOlive フレキシブルペイ プラチナプリファードは、三井住友カードが発行するプラチナランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込33,000円。対象利用でV POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込33,000円\nV POINTが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間33,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：Oliveアカウントの契約と審査が必要。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込33,000円。","url":"/ja/products/olive-flexible-pay-platinum-preferred"},{"id":"product:ana-visa-general-smbc:ja","entityId":"product:ana-visa-general-smbc","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA Visa General (SMBC)","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nANA VISA 一般カードは、三井住友カードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でV POINT / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nV POINT / ANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-visa-general-smbc","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:ana-visa-general-smbc"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/ana/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"航空マイルカード\nANA VISA 一般カードは、三井住友カードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でV POINT / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nV POINT / ANA milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","url":"/ja/products/ana-visa-general-smbc"},{"id":"product:visa-line-pay-credit-card-p:ja","entityId":"product:visa-line-pay-credit-card-p","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Visa LINE Pay Credit Card P+","plainText":"通信・スマホ決済カード\nVisa LINE Pay クレジットカード (P+)は、三井住友カードが発行する通信・スマホ決済カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でLINE Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nLINE Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：Visa\n申込状況：受付終了の可能性あり。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/visa-line-pay-credit-card-p","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:visa-line-pay-credit-card-p"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"http://smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/lpay/index2.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/card/index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/nyukai/affiliate/linepay/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"通信・スマホ決済カード\nVisa LINE Pay クレジットカード (P+)は、三井住友カードが発行する通信・スマホ決済カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でLINE Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nLINE Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：Visa\n申込状況：受付終了の可能性あり。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は無料。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/visa-line-pay-credit-card-p"},{"id":"product:rakuten-bank-card:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-bank-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Bank Card","plainText":"銀行一体型カード\n楽天銀行カードは、楽天カードが発行する銀行一体型カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上・楽天銀行口座が必要。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-bank-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-bank-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/card/rc/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"銀行一体型カード\n楽天銀行カードは、楽天カードが発行する銀行一体型カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上・楽天銀行口座が必要。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/rakuten-bank-card"},{"id":"product:rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten ANA Mileage Club Card","plainText":"航空マイルカード\n楽天ANAマイレージクラブカードは、楽天カードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でRakuten Points or ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込550円\nRakuten Points or ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間550円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-amc-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-amc-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"航空マイルカード\n楽天ANAマイレージクラブカードは、楽天カードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でRakuten Points or ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込550円\nRakuten Points or ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間550円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","url":"/ja/products/rakuten-ana-mileage-club-card"},{"id":"product:rakuten-card-academy:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-card-academy","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Card Academy","plainText":"学生向けカード\n楽天カード アカデミーは、楽天カードが発行する学生向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18〜28歳の学生。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-card-academy","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-card-academy"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/rakuten-card-academy/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"学生向けカード\n楽天カード アカデミーは、楽天カードが発行する学生向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18〜28歳の学生。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/rakuten-card-academy"},{"id":"product:alpen-group-rakuten-card:ja","entityId":"product:alpen-group-rakuten-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Alpen Group Rakuten Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nアルペングループ 楽天カードは、楽天カードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Points / Alpen pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Points / Alpen pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/alpen-group-rakuten-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:alpen-group-rakuten-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/alpen-rakuten-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/alpen-group/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nアルペングループ 楽天カードは、楽天カードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Points / Alpen pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Points / Alpen pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/alpen-group-rakuten-card"},{"id":"product:mizuho-rakuten-card:ja","entityId":"product:mizuho-rakuten-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Mizuho Rakuten Card","plainText":"銀行一体型カード\nみずほ楽天カードは、楽天カードが発行する銀行一体型カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上・みずほ銀行口座に関する条件あり。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mizuho-rakuten-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:mizuho-rakuten-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/mizuho-rakuten-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"銀行一体型カード\nみずほ楽天カードは、楽天カードが発行する銀行一体型カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上・みずほ銀行口座に関する条件あり。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/mizuho-rakuten-card"},{"id":"product:hirogin-rakuten-card:ja","entityId":"product:hirogin-rakuten-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Hirogin Rakuten Card","plainText":"銀行一体型カード\nひろぎん楽天カードは、楽天カードが発行する銀行一体型カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上・地方銀行所定の条件あり。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/hirogin-rakuten-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:hirogin-rakuten-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/card/hirogin-rakuten-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"銀行一体型カード\nひろぎん楽天カードは、楽天カードが発行する銀行一体型カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上・地方銀行所定の条件あり。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/hirogin-rakuten-card"},{"id":"product:rakuten-card-my-color-selection:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-card-my-color-selection","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Card My Color Selection","plainText":"デザインカード\n楽天カード マイカラーセレクションは、楽天カードが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-card-my-color-selection","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-card-my-color-selection"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/design-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"デザインカード\n楽天カード マイカラーセレクションは、楽天カードが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/rakuten-card-my-color-selection"},{"id":"product:rakuten-card-disney-design:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-card-disney-design","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Card Disney Design","plainText":"デザインカード\n楽天カード ディズニーデザインは、楽天カードが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-card-disney-design","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-card-disney-design"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/design-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"デザインカード\n楽天カード ディズニーデザインは、楽天カードが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/rakuten-card-disney-design"},{"id":"product:rakuten-card-sanrio-designs:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-card-sanrio-designs","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Card Sanrio Designs","plainText":"デザインカード\n楽天カード サンリオデザインは、楽天カードが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-card-sanrio-designs","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-card"],"families":["family:rakuten-card-sanrio-designs"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/design-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天カード株式会社","url":"https://point.rakuten.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"デザインカード\n楽天カード サンリオデザインは、楽天カードが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRakuten Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRakuten Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/rakuten-card-sanrio-designs"},{"id":"product:jq-card-epos-gold:ja","entityId":"product:jq-card-epos-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JQ Card Epos Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクのポイント還元カード\nJQ CARD エポスゴールドは、エポスカードが発行するゴールドランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込5,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でEpos Points / JR Kyushu Q pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込5,000円\nEpos Points / JR Kyushu Q pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国内空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の条件。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込5,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jq-card-epos-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:jq-card-epos-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/collabo/jq/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/cardlineup/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/gecard/jq/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクのポイント還元カード\nJQ CARD エポスゴールドは、エポスカードが発行するゴールドランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込5,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でEpos Points / JR Kyushu Q pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込5,000円\nEpos Points / JR Kyushu Q pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国内空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の条件。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込5,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","url":"/ja/products/jq-card-epos-gold"},{"id":"product:mga-epos-card:ja","entityId":"product:mga-epos-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"MGA Epos Card","plainText":"デザインカード\nMGAエポスカードは、エポスカードが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でEpos Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nEpos Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mga-epos-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:mga-epos-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/gecard/ec00007/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/cardlineup/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"デザインカード\nMGAエポスカードは、エポスカードが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でEpos Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nEpos Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/mga-epos-card"},{"id":"product:chiikawa-epos-card:ja","entityId":"product:chiikawa-epos-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Chiikawa Epos Card","plainText":"デザインカード\nちいかわエポスカードは、エポスカードが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でEpos Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nEpos Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/chiikawa-epos-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:chiikawa-epos-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/gecard/chiikawa/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/cardlineup/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"デザインカード\nちいかわエポスカードは、エポスカードが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でEpos Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nEpos Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/chiikawa-epos-card"},{"id":"product:sumikko-gurashi-epos-card:ja","entityId":"product:sumikko-gurashi-epos-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Sumikko Gurashi Epos Card","plainText":"デザインカード\nすみっコぐらしエポスカードは、エポスカードが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でEpos Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nEpos Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/sumikko-gurashi-epos-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:epos-card"],"families":["family:sumikko-gurashi-epos-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/gecard/sumikko/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/cardlineup/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社エポスカード","url":"https://www.eposcard.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"デザインカード\nすみっコぐらしエポスカードは、エポスカードが発行するデザインカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でEpos Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nEpos Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/sumikko-gurashi-epos-card"},{"id":"product:american-express-centurion:ja","entityId":"product:american-express-centurion","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"American Express Centurion","plainText":"ブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード\nセンチュリオン・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。確認した資料では単一の年会費が公表されていない。Membership Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費は発行会社ページに記載\nMembership Rewardsが貯まる\nプレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ\n申込状況：インビテーション制。\n申込条件：インビテーション制。発行には審査がある。\n確認した資料では単一の年会費が公表されていない。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/american-express-centurion","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:american-express-centurion"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/benefits/centurion/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード\nセンチュリオン・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するブラック・招待制ランクのプレミアムカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。確認した資料では単一の年会費が公表されていない。Membership Rewardsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費は発行会社ページに記載\nMembership Rewardsが貯まる\nプレミアムラウンジ・コンシェルジュ\n申込状況：インビテーション制。\n申込条件：インビテーション制。発行には審査がある。\n確認した資料では単一の年会費が公表されていない。","url":"/ja/products/american-express-centurion"},{"id":"product:marriott-bonvoy-amex:ja","entityId":"product:marriott-bonvoy-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Marriott Bonvoy Amex","plainText":"旅行向けカード\nMarriott Bonvoy アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行する旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込34,100円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Marriott Bonvoy pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込34,100円\nMarriott Bonvoy pointsが貯まる\nホテル特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間34,100円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込34,100円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/marriott-bonvoy-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:marriott-bonvoy-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/marriott-bonvoy-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/marriott-bonvoy-premium-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"旅行向けカード\nMarriott Bonvoy アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行する旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込34,100円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Marriott Bonvoy pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込34,100円\nMarriott Bonvoy pointsが貯まる\nホテル特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間34,100円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込34,100円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/marriott-bonvoy-amex"},{"id":"product:marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium:ja","entityId":"product:marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Marriott Bonvoy Amex Premium","plainText":"プレミアムランクの旅行向けカード\nMarriott Bonvoy アメリカン・エキスプレス・プレミアム・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するプレミアムランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込82,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Marriott Bonvoy pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込82,500円\nMarriott Bonvoy pointsが貯まる\nホテル特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間82,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込82,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/marriott-bonvoy-premium/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/marriott-bonvoy-premium-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"プレミアムランクの旅行向けカード\nMarriott Bonvoy アメリカン・エキスプレス・プレミアム・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するプレミアムランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込82,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Marriott Bonvoy pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込82,500円\nMarriott Bonvoy pointsが貯まる\nホテル特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間82,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込82,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/marriott-bonvoy-amex-premium"},{"id":"product:hilton-honors-amex:ja","entityId":"product:hilton-honors-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Hilton Honors Amex","plainText":"旅行向けカード\nヒルトン・オナーズ アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行する旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込16,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Hilton Honors pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込16,500円\nHilton Honors pointsが貯まる\nホテル特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間16,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込16,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/hilton-honors-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:hilton-honors-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/hilton-classic-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/hilton-premium-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"旅行向けカード\nヒルトン・オナーズ アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行する旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込16,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Hilton Honors pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込16,500円\nHilton Honors pointsが貯まる\nホテル特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間16,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込16,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/hilton-honors-amex"},{"id":"product:hilton-honors-amex-premium:ja","entityId":"product:hilton-honors-amex-premium","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Hilton Honors Amex Premium","plainText":"プレミアムランクの旅行向けカード\nヒルトン・オナーズ アメリカン・エキスプレス・プレミアム・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するプレミアムランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込66,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Hilton Honors pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込66,000円\nHilton Honors pointsが貯まる\nホテル特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間66,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込66,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/hilton-honors-amex-premium","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:hilton-honors-amex-premium"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/hilton-premium-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/hilton-premium-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"プレミアムランクの旅行向けカード\nヒルトン・オナーズ アメリカン・エキスプレス・プレミアム・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するプレミアムランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込66,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Hilton Honors pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込66,000円\nHilton Honors pointsが貯まる\nホテル特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間66,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込66,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/hilton-honors-amex-premium"},{"id":"product:delta-skymiles-amex:ja","entityId":"product:delta-skymiles-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Delta SkyMiles Amex","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nデルタ スカイマイル アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込13,200円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Delta SkyMilesが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込13,200円\nDelta SkyMilesが貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間13,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込13,200円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/delta-skymiles-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:delta-skymiles-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/delta-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/delta-skymiles-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"航空マイルカード\nデルタ スカイマイル アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込13,200円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Delta SkyMilesが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込13,200円\nDelta SkyMilesが貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間13,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込13,200円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/delta-skymiles-amex"},{"id":"product:delta-skymiles-amex-gold:ja","entityId":"product:delta-skymiles-amex-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Delta SkyMiles Amex Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nデルタ スカイマイル アメリカン・エキスプレス・ゴールド・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込28,600円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Delta SkyMilesが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込28,600円\nDelta SkyMilesが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間28,600円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込28,600円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/delta-skymiles-amex-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:delta-skymiles-amex-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/delta-gold-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/delta-skymiles-gold-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nデルタ スカイマイル アメリカン・エキスプレス・ゴールド・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込28,600円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。Delta SkyMilesが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込28,600円\nDelta SkyMilesが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間28,600円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込28,600円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/delta-skymiles-amex-gold"},{"id":"product:persona-stacia-amex:ja","entityId":"product:persona-stacia-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Persona STACIA Amex","plainText":"鉄道・交通系カード\nペルソナSTACIA アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込15,400円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。S Points / Membership Rewards-like programが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込15,400円\nS Points / Membership Rewards-like programが貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間15,400円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込15,400円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/persona-stacia-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:persona-stacia-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/benefits/persona-stacia-american-express-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/persona-stacia-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"鉄道・交通系カード\nペルソナSTACIA アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込15,400円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。S Points / Membership Rewards-like programが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込15,400円\nS Points / Membership Rewards-like programが貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間15,400円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込15,400円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/persona-stacia-amex"},{"id":"product:amex-business-green:ja","entityId":"product:amex-business-green","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Amex Business Green","plainText":"ビジネスカード\nアメリカン・エキスプレス・ビジネス・グリーン・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するビジネスカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込13,200円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でMembership Rewardsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.3%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込13,200円\nMembership Rewardsが基本約0.3%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間13,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：法人・個人事業主向け。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込13,200円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/amex-business-green","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-business-green"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/green-business-corp-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ビジネスカード\nアメリカン・エキスプレス・ビジネス・グリーン・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するビジネスカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込13,200円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でMembership Rewardsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.3%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込13,200円\nMembership Rewardsが基本約0.3%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間13,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：法人・個人事業主向け。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込13,200円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/amex-business-green"},{"id":"product:amex-business-gold:ja","entityId":"product:amex-business-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Amex Business Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクのビジネスカード\nアメリカン・エキスプレス・ビジネス・ゴールド・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するゴールドランクのビジネスカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込49,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でMembership Rewardsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込49,500円\nMembership Rewardsが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間49,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：法人・個人事業主向け。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込49,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/amex-business-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-business-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/gold-business-corp-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクのビジネスカード\nアメリカン・エキスプレス・ビジネス・ゴールド・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するゴールドランクのビジネスカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込49,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でMembership Rewardsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込49,500円\nMembership Rewardsが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間49,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：法人・個人事業主向け。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込49,500円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/amex-business-gold"},{"id":"product:amex-business-platinum:ja","entityId":"product:amex-business-platinum","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Amex Business Platinum","plainText":"プラチナランクのビジネスカード\nアメリカン・エキスプレス・ビジネス・プラチナ・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するプラチナランクのビジネスカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込165,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でMembership Rewardsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込165,000円\nMembership Rewardsが基本約1%で貯まる\nグローバル・ラウンジ・コレクションとコンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間165,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：法人・個人事業主向け。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込165,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/amex-business-platinum","relationships":{"providers":["provider:american-express-japan"],"families":["family:amex-business-platinum"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/platinum-business-corp-card/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/credit-cards/all-cards/","official":true},{"publisher":"アメリカン・エキスプレス・インターナショナル, Inc.","url":"https://www.americanexpress.com/ja-jp/rewards/membership-rewards/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"プラチナランクのビジネスカード\nアメリカン・エキスプレス・ビジネス・プラチナ・カードは、アメリカン・エキスプレスが発行するプラチナランクのビジネスカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込165,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でMembership Rewardsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込165,000円\nMembership Rewardsが基本約1%で貯まる\nグローバル・ラウンジ・コレクションとコンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間165,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：法人・個人事業主向け。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込165,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/amex-business-platinum"},{"id":"product:life-card:ja","entityId":"product:life-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Life Card","plainText":"日常使いのカード\nライフカードは、ライフカードが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でLIFE Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nLIFE Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n基本カードには旅行補償なし\n申込条件：日本在住の満18歳以上で電話連絡が可能な方。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/life-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:life-card"],"families":["family:life-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/lifecard/","official":true},{"publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/lifepoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"日常使いのカード\nライフカードは、ライフカードが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でLIFE Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nLIFE Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n基本カードには旅行補償なし\n申込条件：日本在住の満18歳以上で電話連絡が可能な方。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/life-card"},{"id":"product:life-card-for-students:ja","entityId":"product:life-card-for-students","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Life Card for Students","plainText":"学生向けカード\n学生専用ライフカードは、ライフカードが発行する学生向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でLIFE Points / cashbackが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nLIFE Points / cashbackが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n海外旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18〜25歳の学生。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/life-card-for-students","relationships":{"providers":["provider:life-card"],"families":["family:life-card-for-students"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/std/","official":true},{"publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/student/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"学生向けカード\n学生専用ライフカードは、ライフカードが発行する学生向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でLIFE Points / cashbackが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nLIFE Points / cashbackが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n海外旅行傷害保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18〜25歳の学生。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/life-card-for-students"},{"id":"product:life-card-gold:ja","entityId":"product:life-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Life Card Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nライフカードゴールドは、ライフカードが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でLIFE Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nLIFE Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満23歳以上・安定した収入。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/life-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:life-card"],"families":["family:life-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/gold/","official":true},{"publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/lifepoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nライフカードゴールドは、ライフカードが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。対象利用でLIFE Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nLIFE Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満23歳以上・安定した収入。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。申込前に発行会社ページで最新額を確認。","url":"/ja/products/life-card-gold"},{"id":"product:deposit-life-card:ja","entityId":"product:deposit-life-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Deposit Life Card","plainText":"日常使いのカード\nデポジット型ライフカードは、ライフカードが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込5,500円。対象利用でLIFE Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込5,500円\nLIFE Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードの可否はランクにより異なる\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・デポジットと審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込5,500円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/deposit-life-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:life-card"],"families":["family:deposit-life-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/card/credit/dp/","official":true},{"publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"ライフカード株式会社","url":"https://www.lifecard.co.jp/lifepoint/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"日常使いのカード\nデポジット型ライフカードは、ライフカードが発行する日常使いのカード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込5,500円。対象利用でLIFE Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込5,500円\nLIFE Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nETCカードの可否はランクにより異なる\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上・デポジットと審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込5,500円。","url":"/ja/products/deposit-life-card"},{"id":"product:seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated:ja","entityId":"product:seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Seven Card Plus nanaco Integrated","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nセブンカード・プラス（nanaco一体型）は、セブン・カードサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でnanaco pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nnanaco pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nショッピング保険\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated","relationships":{"providers":["provider:seven-card-service"],"families":["family:seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社セブン・カードサービス","url":"https://www.7card.co.jp/card/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社セブン・カードサービス","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社セブン・カードサービス","url":"https://www.7card.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nセブンカード・プラス（nanaco一体型）は、セブン・カードサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でnanaco pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nnanaco pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nショッピング保険\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/seven-card-plus-nanaco-integrated"},{"id":"product:seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked:ja","entityId":"product:seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Seven Card Plus nanaco Linked","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nセブンカード・プラス（nanaco紐付型）は、セブン・カードサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でnanaco pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nnanaco pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nショッピング保険\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked","relationships":{"providers":["provider:seven-card-service"],"families":["family:seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社セブン・カードサービス","url":"https://www.7card.co.jp/card/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社セブン・カードサービス","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社セブン・カードサービス","url":"https://www.7card.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nセブンカード・プラス（nanaco紐付型）は、セブン・カードサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でnanaco pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nnanaco pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nショッピング保険\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/seven-card-plus-nanaco-linked"},{"id":"product:recruit-card:ja","entityId":"product:recruit-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Recruit Card","plainText":"ポイント還元カード\nリクルートカードは、リクルートが発行するポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRecruit Points / Ponta / d POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.2%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRecruit Points / Ponta / d POINTが基本約1.2%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険（利用条件付き）\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/recruit-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:recruit"],"families":["family:recruit-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社リクルート","url":"https://recruit-card.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社リクルート","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社リクルート","url":"https://recruit-card.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ポイント還元カード\nリクルートカードは、リクルートが発行するポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でRecruit Points / Ponta / d POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.2%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nRecruit Points / Ponta / d POINTが基本約1.2%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険（利用条件付き）\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/recruit-card"},{"id":"product:mercard:ja","entityId":"product:mercard","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Mercard","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nメルカードは、メルカリ／メルペイが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でMercari Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nMercari Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードの設定なし\n申込条件：満18歳以上・メルカリアカウントが必要。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mercard","relationships":{"providers":["provider:merpay"],"families":["family:mercard"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社メルペイ","url":"https://www.merpay.com/mercard/standard/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社メルペイ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社メルペイ","url":"https://www.mercard.me/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nメルカードは、メルカリ／メルペイが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でMercari Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nMercari Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードの設定なし\n申込条件：満18歳以上・メルカリアカウントが必要。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/mercard"},{"id":"product:mercard-gold:ja","entityId":"product:mercard-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Mercard Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの小売・買い物カード\nメルカード ゴールドは、メルカリ／メルペイが発行するゴールドランクの小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込5,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でMercari Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込5,000円\nMercari Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n家族カードなし。ETCカードは要確認\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上・メルカリアカウントおよび所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込5,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mercard-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:merpay"],"families":["family:mercard-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社メルペイ","url":"https://www.merpay.com/mercard/gold/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社メルペイ","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社メルペイ","url":"https://www.mercard.me/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの小売・買い物カード\nメルカード ゴールドは、メルカリ／メルペイが発行するゴールドランクの小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込5,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でMercari Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込5,000円\nMercari Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n家族カードなし。ETCカードは要確認\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上・メルカリアカウントおよび所定の審査。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込5,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","url":"/ja/products/mercard-gold"},{"id":"product:gold-point-card-plus:ja","entityId":"product:gold-point-card-plus","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Gold Point Card Plus","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nゴールドポイントカード・プラスは、ゴールドポイントマーケティングが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でYodobashi Gold Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nYodobashi Gold Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\nショッピング保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/gold-point-card-plus","relationships":{"providers":["provider:goldpoint-marketing"],"families":["family:gold-point-card-plus"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ゴールドポイントマーケティング株式会社","url":"https://www.goldpoint.co.jp/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"ゴールドポイントマーケティング株式会社","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"ゴールドポイントマーケティング株式会社","url":"https://www.goldpoint.co.jp/card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nゴールドポイントカード・プラスは、ゴールドポイントマーケティングが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でYodobashi Gold Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nYodobashi Gold Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\nショッピング保険が付帯\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/gold-point-card-plus"},{"id":"product:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo:ja","entityId":"product:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Tokyu Card ClubQ JMB PASMO","plainText":"航空マイルカード\nTOKYU CARD ClubQ JMB PASMOは、東急カードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でTOKYU POINT / JAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,100円\nTOKYU POINT / JAL milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,100円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo","relationships":{"providers":["provider:tokyu-card"],"families":["family:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"東急カード株式会社","url":"https://www.topcard.co.jp/card/jmbpasmo/","official":true},{"publisher":"東急カード株式会社","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"東急カード株式会社","url":"https://www.topcard.co.jp/card/lineup/tokyu_card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"航空マイルカード\nTOKYU CARD ClubQ JMB PASMOは、東急カードが発行する航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でTOKYU POINT / JAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,100円\nTOKYU POINT / JAL milesが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,100円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。","url":"/ja/products/tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-pasmo"},{"id":"product:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold:ja","entityId":"product:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Tokyu Card ClubQ JMB Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nTOKYU CARD ClubQ JMB ゴールドは、東急カードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込6,600円。対象利用でTOKYU POINT / JAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込6,600円\nTOKYU POINT / JAL milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間6,600円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込6,600円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:tokyu-card"],"families":["family:tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"東急カード株式会社","url":"https://www.topcard.co.jp/card/jmb-gold/","official":true},{"publisher":"東急カード株式会社","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"東急カード株式会社","url":"https://www.topcard.co.jp/card/lineup/gold/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nTOKYU CARD ClubQ JMB ゴールドは、東急カードが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込6,600円。対象利用でTOKYU POINT / JAL milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込6,600円\nTOKYU POINT / JAL milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間6,600円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込6,600円。","url":"/ja/products/tokyu-card-clubq-jmb-gold"},{"id":"product:to-me-card-prime-pasmo:ja","entityId":"product:to-me-card-prime-pasmo","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"To Me Card Prime PASMO","plainText":"鉄道・交通系カード\nTo Me CARD Prime PASMOは、東京メトロが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でMetro Points / issuer pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nMetro Points / issuer pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n発行会社所定の旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/to-me-card-prime-pasmo","relationships":{"providers":["provider:tokyo-metro"],"families":["family:to-me-card-prime-pasmo"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"東京地下鉄株式会社","url":"https://www.to-me-card.jp/admission/tome-prime/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"東京地下鉄株式会社","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"東京地下鉄株式会社","url":"https://www.to-me-card.jp/admission/tomeprime/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"鉄道・交通系カード\nTo Me CARD Prime PASMOは、東京メトロが発行する鉄道・交通系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でMetro Points / issuer pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nMetro Points / issuer pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n発行会社所定の旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","url":"/ja/products/to-me-card-prime-pasmo"},{"id":"product:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold:ja","entityId":"product:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ANA To Me Card PASMO JCB Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nソラチカゴールドカードは、東京メトロが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込15,400円。対象利用でJ-POINT / Metro Points / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込15,400円\nJ-POINT / Metro Points / ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n国内空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間15,400円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込15,400円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:tokyo-metro"],"families":["family:ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"東京地下鉄株式会社","url":"https://www.to-me-card.jp/admission/tome-ana-gold/","official":true},{"publisher":"東京地下鉄株式会社","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"東京地下鉄株式会社","url":"https://www.to-me-card.jp/admission/anagold/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの航空マイルカード\nソラチカゴールドカードは、東京メトロが発行するゴールドランクの航空マイルカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込15,400円。対象利用でJ-POINT / Metro Points / ANA milesが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込15,400円\nJ-POINT / Metro Points / ANA milesが基本約1%で貯まる\n国内空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間15,400円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込15,400円。","url":"/ja/products/ana-to-me-card-pasmo-jcb-gold"},{"id":"product:mi-card-plus:ja","entityId":"product:mi-card-plus","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"MI Card Plus","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nエムアイカード プラスは、エムアイカードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でMI Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込550円\nMI Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間550円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mi-card-plus","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mi-card"],"families":["family:mi-card-plus"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社エムアイカード","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/plus_basic.html?id=plus","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社エムアイカード","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社エムアイカード","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/micardplus.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nエムアイカード プラスは、エムアイカードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でMI Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込550円\nMI Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間550円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","url":"/ja/products/mi-card-plus"},{"id":"product:mi-card-plus-gold:ja","entityId":"product:mi-card-plus-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"MI Card Plus Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nエムアイカード プラス ゴールドは、エムアイカードが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でMI Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nMI Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mi-card-plus-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mi-card"],"families":["family:mi-card-plus-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社エムアイカード","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/plus_basic.html?id=plus","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社エムアイカード","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社エムアイカード","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/micardplus_gold.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nエムアイカード プラス ゴールドは、エムアイカードが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でMI Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nMI Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","url":"/ja/products/mi-card-plus-gold"},{"id":"product:takashimaya-card:ja","entityId":"product:takashimaya-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Takashimaya Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nタカシマヤカードは、高島屋ファイナンシャル・パートナーズが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。Takashimaya pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nTakashimaya pointsが貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/takashimaya-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:takashimaya-financial-partners"],"families":["family:takashimaya-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"高島屋ファイナンシャル・パートナーズ株式会社","url":"https://www.takashimaya-fp.co.jp/card/gt/","official":true},{"publisher":"高島屋ファイナンシャル・パートナーズ株式会社","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"高島屋ファイナンシャル・パートナーズ株式会社","url":"https://www.takashimaya-fp.co.jp/card/lineup/t-card.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nタカシマヤカードは、高島屋ファイナンシャル・パートナーズが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。Takashimaya pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nTakashimaya pointsが貯まる\n旅行傷害保険が付帯\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","url":"/ja/products/takashimaya-card"},{"id":"product:takashimaya-card-gold:ja","entityId":"product:takashimaya-card-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Takashimaya Card Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nタカシマヤカード《ゴールド》は、高島屋ファイナンシャル・パートナーズが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。Takashimaya pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nTakashimaya pointsが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満30歳以上・安定した収入。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/takashimaya-card-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:takashimaya-financial-partners"],"families":["family:takashimaya-card-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"高島屋ファイナンシャル・パートナーズ株式会社","url":"https://www.takashimaya-fp.co.jp/card/gt/","official":true},{"publisher":"高島屋ファイナンシャル・パートナーズ株式会社","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"高島屋ファイナンシャル・パートナーズ株式会社","url":"https://www.takashimaya-fp.co.jp/card/lineup/t-gold.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nタカシマヤカード《ゴールド》は、高島屋ファイナンシャル・パートナーズが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。Takashimaya pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nTakashimaya pointsが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満30歳以上・安定した収入。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","url":"/ja/products/takashimaya-card-gold"},{"id":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-card:ja","entityId":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\n大丸松坂屋カードは、JFRカードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でQIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nQIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n海外旅行傷害保険（利用付帯）、ショッピング・携帯端末補償\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/daimaru-matsuzakaya-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:daimaru-matsuzakaya-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/dmcard/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\n大丸松坂屋カードは、JFRカードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でQIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nQIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n海外旅行傷害保険（利用付帯）、ショッピング・携帯端末補償\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","url":"/ja/products/daimaru-matsuzakaya-card"},{"id":"product:ucs-card:ja","entityId":"product:ucs-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"UCS Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nUCSカードmajicaは、ユーシーエスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でU-POINT / majica pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nU-POINT / majica pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ucs-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ucs"],"families":["family:ucs-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ユーシーエス","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/ucscard/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ユーシーエス","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ユーシーエス","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/ucs/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nUCSカードmajicaは、ユーシーエスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でU-POINT / majica pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nU-POINT / majica pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/ucs-card"},{"id":"product:apollostation-card:ja","entityId":"product:apollostation-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"apollostation card","plainText":"給油系カード\napollostation cardは、出光クレジットが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPlus Points / fuel discountが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nPlus Points / fuel discountが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/apollostation-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:apollostation-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/apollostation/","official":true},{"publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/apollostation/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"給油系カード\napollostation cardは、出光クレジットが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPlus Points / fuel discountが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nPlus Points / fuel discountが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/apollostation-card"},{"id":"product:apollostation-the-gold:ja","entityId":"product:apollostation-the-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"apollostation The Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\napollostation THE GOLDは、出光クレジットが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。Plus Points / fuel discountが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nPlus Points / fuel discountが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満25歳以上・安定した収入。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/apollostation-the-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:apollostation-the-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/thegold/","official":true},{"publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/thegold/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\napollostation THE GOLDは、出光クレジットが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。Plus Points / fuel discountが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nPlus Points / fuel discountが貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満25歳以上・安定した収入。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","url":"/ja/products/apollostation-the-gold"},{"id":"product:cosmo-the-card-house:ja","entityId":"product:cosmo-the-card-house","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Cosmo The Card House","plainText":"給油系カード\nコスモ・ザ・カード・ハウスは、コスモ石油マーケティングが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：ハウスカード（国際ブランドなし））。年会費は無料。Fuel discountが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nFuel discountが貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードは所定の条件による\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/cosmo-the-card-house","relationships":{"providers":["provider:cosmo-oil-marketing"],"families":["family:cosmo-the-card-house"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"コスモ石油マーケティング株式会社","url":"https://www.cosmo-thecard.com/cblp/card/house.html","official":true},{"publisher":"コスモ石油マーケティング株式会社","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"コスモ石油マーケティング株式会社","url":"https://www.cosmo-thecard.com/cblp/card/house.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"給油系カード\nコスモ・ザ・カード・ハウスは、コスモ石油マーケティングが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：ハウスカード（国際ブランドなし））。年会費は無料。Fuel discountが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nFuel discountが貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードは所定の条件による\n申込条件：満18歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/cosmo-the-card-house"},{"id":"product:monex-card:ja","entityId":"product:monex-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Monex Card","plainText":"投資連動カード\nマネックスカードは、マネックス証券が発行する投資連動カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でMonex Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込550円\nMonex Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間550円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上（投資関連機能にはマネックス証券口座が必要）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/monex-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:monex"],"families":["family:monex-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"マネックス証券株式会社","url":"https://info.monex.co.jp/fund/tsumitate/card-tsumitate/monex-card/index.html","official":true},{"publisher":"マネックス証券株式会社","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"マネックス証券株式会社","url":"https://www.monex.co.jp/service/monex-card/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"投資連動カード\nマネックスカードは、マネックス証券が発行する投資連動カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でMonex Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込550円\nMonex Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間550円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上（投資関連機能にはマネックス証券口座が必要）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込550円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","url":"/ja/products/monex-card"},{"id":"product:bitflyer-credit-card:ja","entityId":"product:bitflyer-credit-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"bitFlyer Credit Card","plainText":"暗号資産還元カード\nbitFlyer Credit Cardは、bitFlyerが発行する暗号資産還元カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でBitcoin rewardsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nBitcoin rewardsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：Mastercard\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/bitflyer-credit-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:bitflyer"],"families":["family:bitflyer-credit-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社bitFlyer","url":"https://bitflyer.com/ja-jp/s/lp/creditcard/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社bitFlyer","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社bitFlyer","url":"https://bitflyer.com/ja-jp/credit-card","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"暗号資産還元カード\nbitFlyer Credit Cardは、bitFlyerが発行する暗号資産還元カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でBitcoin rewardsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nBitcoin rewardsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国際ブランド：Mastercard\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/bitflyer-credit-card"},{"id":"product:bitflyer-platinum-card:ja","entityId":"product:bitflyer-platinum-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"bitFlyer Platinum Card","plainText":"プラチナランクの暗号資産還元カード\nbitFlyer Platinum Cardは、bitFlyerが発行するプラチナランクの暗号資産還元カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込16,500円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でBitcoin rewardsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込16,500円\nBitcoin rewardsが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間16,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込16,500円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/bitflyer-platinum-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:bitflyer"],"families":["family:bitflyer-platinum-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社bitFlyer","url":"https://bitflyer.com/ja-jp/s/lp/creditcard/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社bitFlyer","url":"https://www.jcca-office.gr.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社bitFlyer","url":"https://bitflyer.com/ja-jp/credit-card","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"プラチナランクの暗号資産還元カード\nbitFlyer Platinum Cardは、bitFlyerが発行するプラチナランクの暗号資産還元カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard）。年会費は税込16,500円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でBitcoin rewardsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-13時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込16,500円\nBitcoin rewardsが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジ特典あり\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間16,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込16,500円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","url":"/ja/products/bitflyer-platinum-card"},{"id":"product:uc-platinum-card:ja","entityId":"product:uc-platinum-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"UC Platinum Card","plainText":"プラチナランクの旅行向けカード\nUCプラチナカードは、UCカードが発行するプラチナランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込16,500円。対象利用でUC Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込16,500円\nUC Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\nVisaのコンシェルジュと空港ラウンジ特典\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間16,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：安定した収入と社会的信用のある方（学生・未成年を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込16,500円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/uc-platinum-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:uc-card"],"families":["family:uc-platinum-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ユーシーカード株式会社","url":"https://www2.uccard.co.jp/card/lineup/uc_platinum.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ユーシーカード株式会社","url":"https://www2.uccard.co.jp/card/lineup/uc_platinum.html","official":true},{"publisher":"ユーシーカード株式会社","url":"https://www2.uccard.co.jp/card/lineup/uc_platinum.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"プラチナランクの旅行向けカード\nUCプラチナカードは、UCカードが発行するプラチナランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込16,500円。対象利用でUC Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込16,500円\nUC Pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\nVisaのコンシェルジュと空港ラウンジ特典\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間16,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：安定した収入と社会的信用のある方（学生・未成年を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込16,500円。","url":"/ja/products/uc-platinum-card"},{"id":"product:smbc-business-owners:ja","entityId":"product:smbc-business-owners","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SMBC Business Owners","plainText":"ビジネスカード\n三井住友カード ビジネスオーナーズは、三井住友カードが発行するビジネスカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でV POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nV POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nビジネス向けサポートとアプリでの管理機能\n申込条件：法人代表者または個人事業主（所定の年齢条件あり）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/smbc-business-owners","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-business-owners"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_index.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/mem/wp/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ビジネスカード\n三井住友カード ビジネスオーナーズは、三井住友カードが発行するビジネスカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は無料。対象利用でV POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nV POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nビジネス向けサポートとアプリでの管理機能\n申込条件：法人代表者または個人事業主（所定の年齢条件あり）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/smbc-business-owners"},{"id":"product:smbc-business-owners-gold:ja","entityId":"product:smbc-business-owners-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SMBC Business Owners Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクのポイント還元カード\n三井住友カード ビジネスオーナーズ ゴールドは、三井住友カードが発行するゴールドランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込5,500円。対象利用でV POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込5,500円\nV POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国内空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：法人代表者または個人事業主。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込5,500円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/smbc-business-owners-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-business-owners-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_gold.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_gold.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/mem/wp/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクのポイント還元カード\n三井住友カード ビジネスオーナーズ ゴールドは、三井住友カードが発行するゴールドランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込5,500円。対象利用でV POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込5,500円\nV POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国内空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：法人代表者または個人事業主。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込5,500円。","url":"/ja/products/smbc-business-owners-gold"},{"id":"product:smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred:ja","entityId":"product:smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SMBC Business Owners Platinum Preferred","plainText":"プラチナランクのポイント還元カード\n三井住友カード ビジネスオーナーズ プラチナプリファードは、三井住友カードが発行するプラチナランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込33,000円。対象利用でV POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込33,000円\nV POINTが基本約1%で貯まる\nコンシェルジュ。年間利用条件の達成でDragonPassの利用券\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間33,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上の法人代表者または個人事業主。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込33,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred","relationships":{"providers":["provider:smbc-card"],"families":["family:smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_platinum-preferred.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/hojin/lineup/biz_owners_platinum-preferred.jsp","official":true},{"publisher":"三井住友カード株式会社","url":"https://www.smbc-card.com/mem/wp/index.jsp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"プラチナランクのポイント還元カード\n三井住友カード ビジネスオーナーズ プラチナプリファードは、三井住友カードが発行するプラチナランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込33,000円。対象利用でV POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込33,000円\nV POINTが基本約1%で貯まる\nコンシェルジュ。年間利用条件の達成でDragonPassの利用券\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間33,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上の法人代表者または個人事業主。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込33,000円。","url":"/ja/products/smbc-business-owners-platinum-preferred"},{"id":"product:saison-platinum-business-american-express-card:ja","entityId":"product:saison-platinum-business-american-express-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Saison Platinum Business American Express Card","plainText":"プラチナランクの旅行向けカード\nセゾンプラチナ・ビジネス・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、クレディセゾンが発行するプラチナランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込33,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント)が貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込33,000円\nPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント)が基本約0.5%で貯まる\nプライオリティ・パスとコンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間33,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：個人事業主・経営者などの対象となる成人（学生・未成年を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込33,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/saison-platinum-business-american-express-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-platinum-business-american-express-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/platinumbusiness/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/platinumbusiness/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"プラチナランクの旅行向けカード\nセゾンプラチナ・ビジネス・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、クレディセゾンが発行するプラチナランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込33,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント)が貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込33,000円\nPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント)が基本約0.5%で貯まる\nプライオリティ・パスとコンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間33,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：個人事業主・経営者などの対象となる成人（学生・未成年を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込33,000円。初年度無料と案内されている。","url":"/ja/products/saison-platinum-business-american-express-card"},{"id":"product:saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card:ja","entityId":"product:saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Saison Cobalt Business American Express Card","plainText":"ポイント還元カード\nセゾンコバルト・ビジネス・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、クレディセゾンが発行するポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント)が貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント)が基本約0.5%で貯まる\nビジネス向けサービスの優待とキャッシュバックキャンペーン\n申込条件：個人事業主または法人代表者（個人与信による審査）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/cobalt/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/amex/cobalt/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ポイント還元カード\nセゾンコバルト・ビジネス・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、クレディセゾンが発行するポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント)が貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント)が基本約0.5%で貯まる\nビジネス向けサービスの優待とキャッシュバックキャンペーン\n申込条件：個人事業主または法人代表者（個人与信による審査）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/saison-cobalt-business-american-express-card"},{"id":"product:apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex:ja","entityId":"product:apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"apollostation THE PLATINUM Saison Amex","plainText":"プラチナランクの旅行向けカード\napollostation THE PLATINUM セゾン・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、出光クレジットが発行するプラチナランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込22,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でPlus Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.2%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込22,000円\nPlus Pointsが基本約1.2%で貯まる\nプライオリティ・パス（年間の無料利用回数に上限あり）、国内ラウンジ、コンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間22,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：発行会社所定の条件を満たす成人。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込22,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/theplatinum/","official":true},{"publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/theplatinum/","official":true},{"publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/guide/platinumbusiness/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"プラチナランクの旅行向けカード\napollostation THE PLATINUM セゾン・アメリカン・エキスプレス・カードは、出光クレジットが発行するプラチナランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：American Express）。年会費は税込22,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でPlus Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1.2%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込22,000円\nPlus Pointsが基本約1.2%で貯まる\nプライオリティ・パス（年間の無料利用回数に上限あり）、国内ラウンジ、コンシェルジュ\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間22,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：発行会社所定の条件を満たす成人。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込22,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","url":"/ja/products/apollostation-the-platinum-saison-amex"},{"id":"product:apollostation-platinum-business:ja","entityId":"product:apollostation-platinum-business","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"apollostation Platinum Business","plainText":"プラチナランクの給油系カード\napollostation PLATINUM BUSINESSは、出光クレジットが発行するプラチナランクの給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は税込22,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でPlus Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.8%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込22,000円\nPlus Pointsが基本約0.8%で貯まる\nプライオリティ・パスは所定の規定と年間利用回数の上限による\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間22,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：個人事業主・小規模法人の代表者。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込22,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/apollostation-platinum-business","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:apollostation-platinum-business"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/platinumbusiness/","official":true},{"publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/platinumbusiness/","official":true},{"publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/guide/platinumbusiness/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"プラチナランクの給油系カード\napollostation PLATINUM BUSINESSは、出光クレジットが発行するプラチナランクの給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa、American Express）。年会費は税込22,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でPlus Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.8%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込22,000円\nPlus Pointsが基本約0.8%で貯まる\nプライオリティ・パスは所定の規定と年間利用回数の上限による\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間22,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：個人事業主・小規模法人の代表者。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込22,000円。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","url":"/ja/products/apollostation-platinum-business"},{"id":"product:upsider-card:ja","entityId":"product:upsider-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"UPSIDER Card","plainText":"ビジネスカード\nUPSIDERカードは、UPSIDERが発行するビジネスカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でUPSIDER automatic cashbackが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nUPSIDER automatic cashbackが基本約1%で貯まる\n経費管理機能と会計ソフト連携\n申込条件：法人のみ。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/upsider-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:upsider"],"families":["family:upsider-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社UPSIDER","url":"https://up-sider.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社UPSIDER","url":"https://up-sider.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社UPSIDER","url":"https://up-sider.com/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ビジネスカード\nUPSIDERカードは、UPSIDERが発行するビジネスカード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でUPSIDER automatic cashbackが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nUPSIDER automatic cashbackが基本約1%で貯まる\n経費管理機能と会計ソフト連携\n申込条件：法人のみ。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/upsider-card"},{"id":"product:mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison:ja","entityId":"product:mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Mitsui Shopping Park Card Saison","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\n三井ショッピングパークカード《セゾン》は、クレディセゾンが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) + Mitsui Shopping Park Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) + Mitsui Shopping Park Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n対象施設の駐車場優待と会員特典\n申込条件：発行会社所定の条件を満たす成人。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison","relationships":{"providers":["provider:credit-saison"],"families":["family:mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/lineup/ca150.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/lineup/ca150.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社クレディセゾン","url":"https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/lineup/ca150.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\n三井ショッピングパークカード《セゾン》は、クレディセゾンが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB、American Express）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) + Mitsui Shopping Park Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nPermanent Points (永久不滅ポイント) + Mitsui Shopping Park Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n対象施設の駐車場優待と会員特典\n申込条件：発行会社所定の条件を満たす成人。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/mitsui-shopping-park-card-saison"},{"id":"product:welcia-card:ja","entityId":"product:welcia-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Welcia Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nウエルシアカードは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nイオン共通特典とウエルシアのお客さま感謝デー等の特典\n申込条件：満18歳以上（発行会社所定の条件による）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/welcia-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:aeon-financial-service"],"families":["family:welcia-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/welcia/","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/card/lineup/welcia/","official":true},{"publisher":"イオンフィナンシャルサービス株式会社","url":"https://www.aeon.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nウエルシアカードは、イオンフィナンシャルサービスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でWAON POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nWAON POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nイオン共通特典とウエルシアのお客さま感謝デー等の特典\n申込条件：満18歳以上（発行会社所定の条件による）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/welcia-card"},{"id":"product:jcb-biz-one-general:ja","entityId":"product:jcb-biz-one-general","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB Biz ONE General","plainText":"ポイント還元カード\nJCB Biz ONE 一般は、JCBが発行するポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nJ-POINTが基本約1%で貯まる\nデジタル発行の早さと会計サービス連携\n申込条件：法人代表者または個人事業主（利用者は満18歳以上）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jcb-biz-one-general","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-biz-one-general"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/corporate/houjin/bizone.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/corporate/houjin/bizone.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ポイント還元カード\nJCB Biz ONE 一般は、JCBが発行するポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nJ-POINTが基本約1%で貯まる\nデジタル発行の早さと会計サービス連携\n申込条件：法人代表者または個人事業主（利用者は満18歳以上）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/jcb-biz-one-general"},{"id":"product:jcb-biz-one-gold:ja","entityId":"product:jcb-biz-one-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB Biz ONE Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクのポイント還元カード\nJCB Biz ONE ゴールドは、JCBが発行するゴールドランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込5,500円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込5,500円\nJ-POINTが基本約1%で貯まる\n国内空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：法人代表者または個人事業主（利用者は満20歳以上）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込5,500円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jcb-biz-one-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-biz-one-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/corporate/houjin/bizone.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/corporate/houjin/bizone.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクのポイント還元カード\nJCB Biz ONE ゴールドは、JCBが発行するゴールドランクのポイント還元カード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込5,500円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込5,500円\nJ-POINTが基本約1%で貯まる\n国内空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間5,500円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：法人代表者または個人事業主（利用者は満20歳以上）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込5,500円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","url":"/ja/products/jcb-biz-one-gold"},{"id":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card:ja","entityId":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Gold Card","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\n大丸松坂屋ゴールドカードは、JFRカードが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でQIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nQIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満25歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/dmcard/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\n大丸松坂屋ゴールドカードは、JFRカードが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でQIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nQIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満25歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","url":"/ja/products/daimaru-matsuzakaya-gold-card"},{"id":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card:ja","entityId":"product:daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Daimaru Matsuzakaya Loyal Customer Gold Card","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\n大丸松坂屋お得意様ゴールドカードは、JFRカードが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でQIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nQIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満25歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","url":"https://dmdepart.jp/loyalcustomer/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\n大丸松坂屋お得意様ゴールドカードは、JFRカードが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でQIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nQIRA Points / Daimaru Matsuzakaya pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\n空港ラウンジを利用可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満25歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","url":"/ja/products/daimaru-matsuzakaya-loyal-customer-gold-card"},{"id":"product:ginza-six-card:ja","entityId":"product:ginza-six-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"GINZA SIX Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nGINZA SIXカードは、JFRカードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でQIRA Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nQIRA Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国内旅行傷害保険、ショッピング・携帯端末補償\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ginza-six-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:ginza-six-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/ginza6card/standard.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nGINZA SIXカードは、JFRカードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でQIRA Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込2,200円\nQIRA Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国内旅行傷害保険、ショッピング・携帯端末補償\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間2,200円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込2,200円。初年度無料と案内されている。","url":"/ja/products/ginza-six-card"},{"id":"product:ginza-six-prestige-card:ja","entityId":"product:ginza-six-prestige-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"GINZA SIX Prestige Card","plainText":"プレミアムランクの小売・買い物カード\nGINZA SIXプレステージカードは、JFRカードが発行するプレミアムランクの小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込55,000円。QIRA Pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込55,000円\nQIRA Pointsが貯まる\n対象施設の駐車場優待と会員特典\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間55,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込55,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ginza-six-prestige-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:ginza-six-prestige-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/ginza6card/prestige.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"プレミアムランクの小売・買い物カード\nGINZA SIXプレステージカードは、JFRカードが発行するプレミアムランクの小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込55,000円。QIRA Pointsが貯まる。付与ルール・対象外・端数処理は発行会社のページに定められる。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込55,000円\nQIRA Pointsが貯まる\n対象施設の駐車場優待と会員特典\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間55,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込55,000円。","url":"/ja/products/ginza-six-prestige-card"},{"id":"product:parco-card:ja","entityId":"product:parco-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"PARCO Card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nPARCOカードは、JFRカードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でQIRA Points / PARCO pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,100円\nQIRA Points / PARCO pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nショッピング保険\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,100円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/parco-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jfr-card"],"families":["family:parco-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/parcocard/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社JFRカード","url":"https://www.jfr-card.co.jp/point/index.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nPARCOカードは、JFRカードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でQIRA Points / PARCO pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,100円\nQIRA Points / PARCO pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\nショッピング保険\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,100円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,100円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","url":"/ja/products/parco-card"},{"id":"product:jcb-gold-partner-with-point:ja","entityId":"product:jcb-gold-partner-with-point","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"JCB Gold / Partner With Point","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nJCB ゴールド / PARTNER WITH POINTは、JCBが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nJ-POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国内・海外のラウンジサービス\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/jcb-gold-partner-with-point","relationships":{"providers":["provider:jcb"],"families":["family:jcb-gold-partner-with-point"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/kojin_card/pwp.html","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/ordercard/lineup/?3000_3010=1","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ジェーシービー","url":"https://www.jcb.co.jp/point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nJCB ゴールド / PARTNER WITH POINTは、JCBが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：JCB）。年会費は税込11,000円。対象利用でJ-POINTが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込11,000円\nJ-POINTが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国内・海外のラウンジサービス\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間11,000円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満20歳以上で安定した収入のある方。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込11,000円。","url":"/ja/products/jcb-gold-partner-with-point"},{"id":"product:ucs-card-majica-gold:ja","entityId":"product:ucs-card-majica-gold","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"UCS Card majica Gold","plainText":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nUCSカードmajica ゴールドは、ユーシーエスが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込3,300円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でU-POINT / majica pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込3,300円\nU-POINT / majica pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国内・海外のラウンジサービス\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間3,300円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満30歳以上・安定した収入。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込3,300円。初年度無料と案内されている。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/ucs-card-majica-gold","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ucs"],"families":["family:ucs-card-majica-gold"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ユーシーエス","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/ucs_gold/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ユーシーエス","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ユーシーエス","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/u_point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"ゴールドランクの旅行向けカード\nUCSカードmajica ゴールドは、ユーシーエスが発行するゴールドランクの旅行向けカード（国際ブランド：Visa、Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は税込3,300円。初年度無料と案内されている。対象利用でU-POINT / majica pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込3,300円\nU-POINT / majica pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n国内・海外のラウンジサービス\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間3,300円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：目安として満30歳以上・安定した収入。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込3,300円。初年度無料と案内されている。","url":"/ja/products/ucs-card-majica-gold"},{"id":"product:majica-donpen-card:ja","entityId":"product:majica-donpen-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"majica donpen card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nmajica donpen cardは、ユーシーエスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でU-POINT / majica pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nU-POINT / majica pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/majica-donpen-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:ucs"],"families":["family:majica-donpen-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ユーシーエス","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/donpen/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ユーシーエス","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/lineup/list/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ユーシーエス","url":"https://www.ucscard.co.jp/u_point/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nmajica donpen cardは、ユーシーエスが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Mastercard、JCB）。年会費は無料。対象利用でU-POINT / majica pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nU-POINT / majica pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/majica-donpen-card"},{"id":"product:webike-apollostation-card:ja","entityId":"product:webike-apollostation-card","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Webike apollostation card","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nウェビック apollostation cardは、出光クレジットが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPlus Points / Webike pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nPlus Points / Webike pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/webike-apollostation-card","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:webike-apollostation-card"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/webike/","official":true},{"publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nウェビック apollostation cardは、出光クレジットが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でPlus Points / Webike pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nPlus Points / Webike pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n家族カード・ETCカードを追加可能\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/webike-apollostation-card"},{"id":"product:usappy-card-plus:ja","entityId":"product:usappy-card-plus","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Usappy Card Plus","plainText":"給油系カード\nUsappy Card プラス＋は、出光クレジットが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でUsappy pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,375円\nUsappy pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/usappy-card-plus","relationships":{"providers":["provider:idemitsu-credit"],"families":["family:usappy-card-plus"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/usappyplus/","official":true},{"publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/card/","official":true},{"publisher":"出光クレジット株式会社","url":"https://www.idemitsucard.com/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"給油系カード\nUsappy Card プラス＋は、出光クレジットが発行する給油系カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。対象利用でUsappy pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約1%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費 税込1,375円\nUsappy pointsが基本約1%で貯まる\nETCカードを追加可能\n年会費は毎年かかる固定費。実際に使う特典が年間1,375円を上回るか確認したい。\n申込条件：満18歳以上（高校生を除く）。発行には審査がある。\n年会費は税込1,375円。初年度無料と案内されている。所定の条件で免除される場合がある（条件の確認が必要）。","url":"/ja/products/usappy-card-plus"},{"id":"product:mi-card-basic:ja","entityId":"product:mi-card-basic","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"MI Card Basic","plainText":"小売・買い物カード\nエムアイカード ベーシックは、エムアイカードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でMI Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nMI Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n中心的な旅行保険は案内されていない\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mi-card-basic","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mi-card"],"families":["family:mi-card-basic"],"clusters":["cluster:credit-cards"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社エムアイカード","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/plus_basic.html?id=basic","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社エムアイカード","url":"https://www2.micard.co.jp/card/annualfee.html","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"credit-cards","text":"小売・買い物カード\nエムアイカード ベーシックは、エムアイカードが発行する小売・買い物カード（国際ブランド：Visa）。年会費は無料。対象利用でMI Pointsが貯まり、公表の基本還元率は約0.5%。対象外・端数処理あり。2026-08-16時点で発行会社の公式ラインアップおよび商品ページを確認。\n年会費無料\nMI Pointsが基本約0.5%で貯まる\n中心的な旅行保険は案内されていない\n申込条件：公式ページで申込条件を確認。発行には審査がある。\n料率・特典・保険・キャンペーンは変更され得るため、申込前に日付のある発行会社ページを確認。\n年会費は無料。","url":"/ja/products/mi-card-basic"},{"id":"product:rakuten-securities:ja","entityId":"product:rakuten-securities","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Rakuten Securities","plainText":"証券会社（NISA・iDeCo）\nNISAやインデックス投資に強い大手の低コスト証券。楽天ポイント・楽天銀行と連携。\n幅広い低コストのインデックス投信・ETF\nNISA・iDeCoに対応\nポイント連携と楽天銀行との簡単な連携\n画面は日本語中心\nポイントプログラムの条件は随時変更\n多くの国内投信・取引が低〜無手数料（最新の手数料体系を要確認）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/rakuten-securities","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-securities"],"families":["family:rakuten-securities"],"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天証券株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"investing","text":"証券会社（NISA・iDeCo）\nNISAやインデックス投資に強い大手の低コスト証券。楽天ポイント・楽天銀行と連携。\n幅広い低コストのインデックス投信・ETF\nNISA・iDeCoに対応\nポイント連携と楽天銀行との簡単な連携\n画面は日本語中心\nポイントプログラムの条件は随時変更\n多くの国内投信・取引が低〜無手数料（最新の手数料体系を要確認）。","url":"/ja/products/rakuten-securities"},{"id":"product:sbi-securities:ja","entityId":"product:sbi-securities","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SBI Securities","plainText":"証券会社（NISA・iDeCo）\n口座数で国内最大級のネット証券。非常に幅広い低コスト投信とNISA・iDeCoに対応。\n豊富な低コスト投信・ETF\nNISA・iDeCoに対応\n複数のポイントプログラムから選択\n画面は日本語中心で機能が多い\n選択肢が多く初心者には複雑なことも\n多くの取引・投信が低〜無手数料（最新の手数料体系を要確認）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/sbi-securities","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sbi-securities"],"families":["family:sbi-securities"],"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社SBI証券","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"investing","text":"証券会社（NISA・iDeCo）\n口座数で国内最大級のネット証券。非常に幅広い低コスト投信とNISA・iDeCoに対応。\n豊富な低コスト投信・ETF\nNISA・iDeCoに対応\n複数のポイントプログラムから選択\n画面は日本語中心で機能が多い\n選択肢が多く初心者には複雑なことも\n多くの取引・投信が低〜無手数料（最新の手数料体系を要確認）。","url":"/ja/products/sbi-securities"},{"id":"product:monex:ja","entityId":"product:monex","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Monex Securities","plainText":"証券会社（NISA・iDeCo）\n米国株のアクセスや分析ツールで選ばれることが多い老舗ネット証券。NISA・iDeCoに対応。\n米国株のラインナップと分析ツールが充実\nNISA・iDeCoに対応\nポイントプログラムあり\n画面は日本語中心\n投信の手数料は他の大手と比較を\n手数料は商品により異なり、一部は低コスト（最新の体系を要確認）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/monex","relationships":{"providers":["provider:monex"],"families":["family:monex"],"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"マネックス証券株式会社","url":"https://www.monex.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"investing","text":"証券会社（NISA・iDeCo）\n米国株のアクセスや分析ツールで選ばれることが多い老舗ネット証券。NISA・iDeCoに対応。\n米国株のラインナップと分析ツールが充実\nNISA・iDeCoに対応\nポイントプログラムあり\n画面は日本語中心\n投信の手数料は他の大手と比較を\n手数料は商品により異なり、一部は低コスト（最新の体系を要確認）。","url":"/ja/products/monex"},{"id":"product:freee:ja","entityId":"product:freee","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"freee","plainText":"クラウド会計ソフト\n案内に沿って進める設計で初心者に優しいクラウド会計。青色申告やe-Taxで個人事業主に人気。\n質問形式で進める初心者向け記帳\n銀行・カードの自動取込と青色申告出力\nインボイス制度・e-Taxに対応\n画面は日本語のみ\n料金はプラン・機能により変動\nサブスク（月額/年額）でプランにより異なる（最新の料金を要確認）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/freee","relationships":{"providers":["provider:freee"],"families":["family:freee"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"フリー株式会社","url":"https://www.freee.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"クラウド会計ソフト\n案内に沿って進める設計で初心者に優しいクラウド会計。青色申告やe-Taxで個人事業主に人気。\n質問形式で進める初心者向け記帳\n銀行・カードの自動取込と青色申告出力\nインボイス制度・e-Taxに対応\n画面は日本語のみ\n料金はプラン・機能により変動\nサブスク（月額/年額）でプランにより異なる（最新の料金を要確認）。","url":"/ja/products/freee"},{"id":"product:money-forward-cloud:ja","entityId":"product:money-forward-cloud","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Money Forward Cloud","plainText":"クラウド会計ソフト\n自動化と連携に強いクラウド会計。柔軟な記帳を重視するフリーランス・小規模法人に人気。\n銀行・カード・サービスとの豊富な連携\n成長する事業に合う柔軟な記帳\nインボイス制度・e-Taxに対応\n画面は日本語のみ\n柔軟な分、完全ガイド型より最初は難しいことも\nサブスクでプランにより異なる（最新の料金を要確認）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/money-forward-cloud","relationships":{"providers":["provider:money-forward"],"families":["family:money-forward-cloud"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社マネーフォワード","url":"https://biz.moneyforward.com/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"クラウド会計ソフト\n自動化と連携に強いクラウド会計。柔軟な記帳を重視するフリーランス・小規模法人に人気。\n銀行・カード・サービスとの豊富な連携\n成長する事業に合う柔軟な記帳\nインボイス制度・e-Taxに対応\n画面は日本語のみ\n柔軟な分、完全ガイド型より最初は難しいことも\nサブスクでプランにより異なる（最新の料金を要確認）。","url":"/ja/products/money-forward-cloud"},{"id":"product:yayoi:ja","entityId":"product:yayoi","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Yayoi","plainText":"会計ソフト\nデスクトップとクラウドを持つ老舗会計ソフト。広く使われ、税理士のサポートも多い。\n長い実績と専門家の高い習熟\nデスクトップとクラウドの選択肢\n青色申告・e-Taxに対応\n画面は日本語のみ\nデスクトップ製品はクラウドと操作が異なる\n製品によりデスクトップ版のライセンスかクラウドのサブスク（最新の料金を要確認）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/yayoi","relationships":{"providers":["provider:yayoi"],"families":["family:yayoi"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"弥生株式会社","url":"https://www.yayoi-kk.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"会計ソフト\nデスクトップとクラウドを持つ老舗会計ソフト。広く使われ、税理士のサポートも多い。\n長い実績と専門家の高い習熟\nデスクトップとクラウドの選択肢\n青色申告・e-Taxに対応\n画面は日本語のみ\nデスクトップ製品はクラウドと操作が異なる\n製品によりデスクトップ版のライセンスかクラウドのサブスク（最新の料金を要確認）。","url":"/ja/products/yayoi"},{"id":"product:makeleaps:ja","entityId":"product:makeleaps","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"MakeLeaps","plainText":"請求管理\n英語対応の請求・見積ソフト。国内と海外双方の取引先に請求するフリーランス・小規模事業に人気。\n英語・日本語のバイリンガル画面と書類\n見積・請求・納品・領収の各書類\n定期請求と入金管理、インボイス制度対応\n会計ソフトではなく請求特化。会計ソフトと併用を\n料金は人数・件数で変動\nサブスク（少量向けの無料枠あり）。最新料金を要確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/makeleaps","relationships":{"providers":["provider:makeleaps"],"families":["family:makeleaps"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社Ｒｉｃｏｈ（MakeLeaps）","url":"https://www.makeleaps.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"請求管理\n英語対応の請求・見積ソフト。国内と海外双方の取引先に請求するフリーランス・小規模事業に人気。\n英語・日本語のバイリンガル画面と書類\n見積・請求・納品・領収の各書類\n定期請求と入金管理、インボイス制度対応\n会計ソフトではなく請求特化。会計ソフトと併用を\n料金は人数・件数で変動\nサブスク（少量向けの無料枠あり）。最新料金を要確認。","url":"/ja/products/makeleaps"},{"id":"product:misoca:ja","entityId":"product:misoca","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Misoca","plainText":"請求管理\n弥生グループのシンプルなクラウド請求ツール。見積・請求を素早く作れ、自動化と手厚い無料枠が特徴。\nテンプレートで素早い見積・請求\n定期請求と督促の自動化\n弥生会計と連携、インボイス制度対応\n画面は日本語のみ\n請求特化で会計全体はカバーしない\n無料枠＋請求件数に応じた有料プラン。最新料金を要確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/misoca","relationships":{"providers":["provider:misoca"],"families":["family:misoca"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"弥生株式会社","url":"https://www.misoca.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"請求管理\n弥生グループのシンプルなクラウド請求ツール。見積・請求を素早く作れ、自動化と手厚い無料枠が特徴。\nテンプレートで素早い見積・請求\n定期請求と督促の自動化\n弥生会計と連携、インボイス制度対応\n画面は日本語のみ\n請求特化で会計全体はカバーしない\n無料枠＋請求件数に応じた有料プラン。最新料金を要確認。","url":"/ja/products/misoca"},{"id":"product:board:ja","entityId":"product:board","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"board","plainText":"請求・案件管理\n見積から入金まで案件を追いたい個人・小規模事業向けの、見積・請求・資金繰り管理ツール。\n見積→請求→入金を一貫管理\n売上予測と資金繰りの見える化\n書類管理、インボイス制度対応\n画面は日本語のみ\n単体では記帳・会計台帳ではない\n機能プランによるサブスク。最新料金を要確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/board","relationships":{"providers":["provider:board"],"families":["family:board"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ヴェルク株式会社","url":"https://the-board.jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"請求・案件管理\n見積から入金まで案件を追いたい個人・小規模事業向けの、見積・請求・資金繰り管理ツール。\n見積→請求→入金を一貫管理\n売上予測と資金繰りの見える化\n書類管理、インボイス制度対応\n画面は日本語のみ\n単体では記帳・会計台帳ではない\n機能プランによるサブスク。最新料金を要確認。","url":"/ja/products/board"},{"id":"product:freenance:ja","entityId":"product:freenance","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"FREENANCE","plainText":"資金繰り・フリーランス保険\n請求書の即日払い（手数料で早期入金）に、賠償責任保険や任意の所得補償を組み合わせたフリーランス向けサービス。\n未入金の請求書を早期現金化（有料のファクタリング）\n対象業務の賠償責任保険を付帯\nフリーランス向けの所得補償など任意の上乗せ\nファクタリングには手数料。資金繰り効果と比較を\n保険の条件・対象には制限あり。約款を確認\n口座は無料、ファクタリングは取引ごとに手数料。最新条件を要確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/freenance","relationships":{"providers":["provider:freenance"],"families":["family:freenance"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"GMOクリエイターズネットワーク株式会社","url":"https://freenance.net/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"資金繰り・フリーランス保険\n請求書の即日払い（手数料で早期入金）に、賠償責任保険や任意の所得補償を組み合わせたフリーランス向けサービス。\n未入金の請求書を早期現金化（有料のファクタリング）\n対象業務の賠償責任保険を付帯\nフリーランス向けの所得補償など任意の上乗せ\nファクタリングには手数料。資金繰り効果と比較を\n保険の条件・対象には制限あり。約款を確認\n口座は無料、ファクタリングは取引ごとに手数料。最新条件を要確認。","url":"/ja/products/freenance"},{"id":"product:freee-kaisha-setup:ja","entityId":"product:freee-kaisha-setup","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"freee Company Establishment","plainText":"会社設立\n株式会社・合同会社の設立書類を作成する案内型のオンラインサービス。初めての創業者に登記手順を案内。\n設立書類（株式会社・合同会社）の案内付き作成\n設立後はfreee会計へ連携\n税務署届出・登記のチェックリスト\n登録免許税など法定費用は別途・法定\n画面は日本語のみ。複雑な事案は専門家が必要\nサービス料に加え法定の登記費用が別途。最新料金を要確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/freee-kaisha-setup","relationships":{"providers":["provider:freee"],"families":["family:freee-kaisha-setup"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"フリー株式会社","url":"https://www.freee.co.jp/kaisyasetsuritsu/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"会社設立\n株式会社・合同会社の設立書類を作成する案内型のオンラインサービス。初めての創業者に登記手順を案内。\n設立書類（株式会社・合同会社）の案内付き作成\n設立後はfreee会計へ連携\n税務署届出・登記のチェックリスト\n登録免許税など法定費用は別途・法定\n画面は日本語のみ。複雑な事案は専門家が必要\nサービス料に加え法定の登記費用が別途。最新料金を要確認。","url":"/ja/products/freee-kaisha-setup"},{"id":"product:mf-kaisha-setup:ja","entityId":"product:mf-kaisha-setup","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Money Forward Cloud Company Establishment","plainText":"会社設立\n株式会社・合同会社の設立書類を作成し、クラウド会計スイートへつながるマネーフォワードの設立サービス。\n株式会社・合同会社の設立書類作成\nマネーフォワード クラウド会計と連携\n登記・税務届出の案内\n法定の登記費用は別途\n画面は日本語のみ\nサービス料＋法定費用は別途。最新料金を要確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/mf-kaisha-setup","relationships":{"providers":["provider:money-forward"],"families":["family:mf-kaisha-setup"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社マネーフォワード","url":"https://biz.moneyforward.com/establish/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"会社設立\n株式会社・合同会社の設立書類を作成し、クラウド会計スイートへつながるマネーフォワードの設立サービス。\n株式会社・合同会社の設立書類作成\nマネーフォワード クラウド会計と連携\n登記・税務届出の案内\n法定の登記費用は別途\n画面は日本語のみ\nサービス料＋法定費用は別途。最新料金を要確認。","url":"/ja/products/mf-kaisha-setup"},{"id":"product:zeirishi-dot-com:ja","entityId":"product:zeirishi-dot-com","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Zeirishi.com","plainText":"税理士探し\n専門分野・地域・料金から税理士を探せる、個人・事業者向けの税理士検索・紹介サービス。\nニーズ別に税理士を検索・比較\n無料の紹介・相談で候補を絞り込み\nよくある税務の質問Q&A\n税理士本人ではなく紹介窓口。相性と料金は各自で確認\n画面は日本語のみ\n紹介は利用者無料、税理士の報酬は別途。各事務所で確認を。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/zeirishi-dot-com","relationships":{"providers":["provider:zeirishi-dot-com"],"families":["family:zeirishi-dot-com"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"弁護士ドットコム株式会社","url":"https://www.zeiri4.com/","official":false}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"税理士探し\n専門分野・地域・料金から税理士を探せる、個人・事業者向けの税理士検索・紹介サービス。\nニーズ別に税理士を検索・比較\n無料の紹介・相談で候補を絞り込み\nよくある税務の質問Q&A\n税理士本人ではなく紹介窓口。相性と料金は各自で確認\n画面は日本語のみ\n紹介は利用者無料、税理士の報酬は別途。各事務所で確認を。","url":"/ja/products/zeirishi-dot-com"},{"id":"product:square-japan:ja","entityId":"product:square-japan","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Square","plainText":"対面・カード決済\n小規模事業向けの決済受付。対面・オンラインでカードやQR決済に対応し、月額固定費なしでPOSも使える。\n対面・オンライン・請求書でカード/QR決済\n月額固定費なし・取引ごとの手数料\n専用リーダーと無料POSアプリ\n取引手数料あり・入金時期は要確認\nサポート・書類は日本語中心の部分あり\n月額なし・決済ごとの手数料。最新料率を要確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/square-japan","relationships":{"providers":["provider:square"],"families":["family:square-japan"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Square","url":"https://squareup.com/jp/ja","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"対面・カード決済\n小規模事業向けの決済受付。対面・オンラインでカードやQR決済に対応し、月額固定費なしでPOSも使える。\n対面・オンライン・請求書でカード/QR決済\n月額固定費なし・取引ごとの手数料\n専用リーダーと無料POSアプリ\n取引手数料あり・入金時期は要確認\nサポート・書類は日本語中心の部分あり\n月額なし・決済ごとの手数料。最新料率を要確認。","url":"/ja/products/square-japan"},{"id":"product:stripe-japan:ja","entityId":"product:stripe-japan","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Stripe","plainText":"オンライン決済\nウェブ・アプリでカードや各種決済、サブスク、請求書に対応する、開発者向けのオンライン決済基盤。\nカード・ウォレット・各種決済に対応\nサブスク・請求書・決済リンク\n英語ドキュメントとAPIが充実\n対面小売より、オンライン決済向き\n取引手数料あり・設定は技術的な面も\n決済ごとの手数料・月額最低なし。最新料率を要確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/stripe-japan","relationships":{"providers":["provider:stripe"],"families":["family:stripe-japan"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Stripe","url":"https://stripe.com/jp","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"オンライン決済\nウェブ・アプリでカードや各種決済、サブスク、請求書に対応する、開発者向けのオンライン決済基盤。\nカード・ウォレット・各種決済に対応\nサブスク・請求書・決済リンク\n英語ドキュメントとAPIが充実\n対面小売より、オンライン決済向き\n取引手数料あり・設定は技術的な面も\n決済ごとの手数料・月額最低なし。最新料率を要確認。","url":"/ja/products/stripe-japan"},{"id":"product:gmo-aozora-business:ja","entityId":"product:gmo-aozora-business","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"GMO Aozora Net Bank (Business)","plainText":"事業用銀行口座\n低コストの法人・個人事業主口座を提供するネット銀行。振込手数料が競争的で、API・フィンテック連携に強い。\n低コストの個人事業主・法人口座\n競争的な振込手数料とオンライン中心の運用\nAPI・会計ソフト連携\n店舗なし・オンライン専用\n画面・サポートは日本語中心\n口座維持費は無料・振込手数料あり。最新の手数料表を要確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/gmo-aozora-business","relationships":{"providers":["provider:gmo-aozora"],"families":["family:gmo-aozora-business"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"GMOあおぞらネット銀行株式会社","url":"https://gmo-aozora.com/business/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"事業用銀行口座\n低コストの法人・個人事業主口座を提供するネット銀行。振込手数料が競争的で、API・フィンテック連携に強い。\n低コストの個人事業主・法人口座\n競争的な振込手数料とオンライン中心の運用\nAPI・会計ソフト連携\n店舗なし・オンライン専用\n画面・サポートは日本語中心\n口座維持費は無料・振込手数料あり。最新の手数料表を要確認。","url":"/ja/products/gmo-aozora-business"},{"id":"product:wise-business:ja","entityId":"product:wise-business","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Wise Business","plainText":"海外対応ビジネス口座\n海外の取引先を持つフリーランス・事業者向けのマルチカレンシー・ビジネス口座。外貨の保有・受取や、明瞭な手数料での送金に対応。\n現地口座情報で外貨の入金を受取\n多通貨を仲値で保有・両替\n明瞭な送金手数料と英語対応\n日本の銀行口座ではない。国内取引先の要件を確認\n送金・両替手数料あり\n送金・両替手数料あり・口座開設手数料がかかる場合あり。最新条件を要確認。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/wise-business","relationships":{"providers":["provider:wise"],"families":["family:wise-business"],"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/jp/business/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"freelancers","text":"海外対応ビジネス口座\n海外の取引先を持つフリーランス・事業者向けのマルチカレンシー・ビジネス口座。外貨の保有・受取や、明瞭な手数料での送金に対応。\n現地口座情報で外貨の入金を受取\n多通貨を仲値で保有・両替\n明瞭な送金手数料と英語対応\n日本の銀行口座ではない。国内取引先の要件を確認\n送金・両替手数料あり\n送金・両替手数料あり・口座開設手数料がかかる場合あり。最新条件を要確認。","url":"/ja/products/wise-business"},{"id":"product:flat-35:ja","entityId":"product:flat-35","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Flat 35","plainText":"固定金利住宅ローン\n住宅金融支援機構が支える長期固定金利の住宅ローン。提携金融機関経由で提供され、永住権なしでも利用しやすいことが多い。\n長期固定で返済が安定\n多数の提携金融機関による基準明確な審査\n永住権がない居住者でも利用しやすいことが多い\n対象は技術基準を満たす物件に限られる\n固定金利は足元の変動金利より高いことがある\n金利・手数料は金融機関や融資率により異なる（最新条件を要確認）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/flat-35","relationships":{"providers":["provider:japan-housing-finance-agency"],"families":["family:flat-35"],"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住宅金融支援機構","url":"https://www.flat35.com/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"loans","text":"固定金利住宅ローン\n住宅金融支援機構が支える長期固定金利の住宅ローン。提携金融機関経由で提供され、永住権なしでも利用しやすいことが多い。\n長期固定で返済が安定\n多数の提携金融機関による基準明確な審査\n永住権がない居住者でも利用しやすいことが多い\n対象は技術基準を満たす物件に限られる\n固定金利は足元の変動金利より高いことがある\n金利・手数料は金融機関や融資率により異なる（最新条件を要確認）。","url":"/ja/products/flat-35"},{"id":"product:wise:ja","entityId":"product:wise","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Wise","plainText":"海外送金\n仲値と明示的な手数料で送金する登録済みの送金サービス。個人送金では銀行送金より安いことが多い。\n仲値と明示的な手数料\nマルチカレンシー口座とデビットカード\n送金前に受取額を明確に提示\n大口には送金上限・本人確認あり\n日本の銀行口座の代替にはならない\n送金ごとの明示手数料＋仲値（受取額で比較を）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/wise","relationships":{"providers":["provider:wise"],"families":["family:wise"],"clusters":["cluster:remittance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Wise","url":"https://wise.com/jp/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"remittance","text":"海外送金\n仲値と明示的な手数料で送金する登録済みの送金サービス。個人送金では銀行送金より安いことが多い。\n仲値と明示的な手数料\nマルチカレンシー口座とデビットカード\n送金前に受取額を明確に提示\n大口には送金上限・本人確認あり\n日本の銀行口座の代替にはならない\n送金ごとの明示手数料＋仲値（受取額で比較を）。","url":"/ja/products/wise"},{"id":"product:revolut:ja","entityId":"product:revolut","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"Revolut","plainText":"マルチカレンシー口座\nカードと両替の手数料枠を備えたアプリ型のマルチカレンシー口座。複数通貨を使う・持つ人に便利。\nアプリ内で複数通貨を保有・両替\n海外での有利な為替でのカード利用\n英語のアプリとサポート\n無料両替枠や週末マージンはプランにより異なる\n機能は地域・プランで異なる\nプラン制。無料枠までは両替無料、以降は手数料（最新条件を要確認）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/revolut","relationships":{"providers":["provider:revolut"],"families":["family:revolut"],"clusters":["cluster:remittance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Revolut","url":"https://www.revolut.com/ja-JP/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"remittance","text":"マルチカレンシー口座\nカードと両替の手数料枠を備えたアプリ型のマルチカレンシー口座。複数通貨を使う・持つ人に便利。\nアプリ内で複数通貨を保有・両替\n海外での有利な為替でのカード利用\n英語のアプリとサポート\n無料両替枠や週末マージンはプランにより異なる\n機能は地域・プランで異なる\nプラン制。無料枠までは両替無料、以降は手数料（最新条件を要確認）。","url":"/ja/products/revolut"},{"id":"product:bitflyer:ja","entityId":"product:bitflyer","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"bitFlyer","plainText":"登録済み暗号資産取引所\n金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟の暗号資産取引所で、居住者向け。運営実績の長さでよく挙げられる。\n金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟\n確立した運営実績\n標準的な売買・取引機能\n暗号資産の利益は雑所得として重く課税\nスプレッド・手数料は注文方法で異なる（取引前に比較を）\n取引手数料・スプレッドは商品・注文方法により異なる（最新の体系を要確認）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/bitflyer","relationships":{"providers":["provider:bitflyer"],"families":["family:bitflyer"],"clusters":["cluster:crypto"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社bitFlyer","url":"https://bitflyer.com/","official":true},{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本暗号資産取引業協会","url":"https://jvcea.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"crypto","text":"登録済み暗号資産取引所\n金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟の暗号資産取引所で、居住者向け。運営実績の長さでよく挙げられる。\n金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟\n確立した運営実績\n標準的な売買・取引機能\n暗号資産の利益は雑所得として重く課税\nスプレッド・手数料は注文方法で異なる（取引前に比較を）\n取引手数料・スプレッドは商品・注文方法により異なる（最新の体系を要確認）。","url":"/ja/products/bitflyer"},{"id":"product:bitbank:ja","entityId":"product:bitbank","entityType":"product","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"bitbank","plainText":"登録済み暗号資産取引所\n金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟の暗号資産取引所で、居住者向け。取引画面で言及されることが多い。\n金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟\n複数銘柄の板取引\n実績ある国内取引所\n暗号資産の利益は雑所得として重く課税\n取引前に手数料・スプレッドを比較\nメイカー/テイカー手数料やスプレッドは変動（最新の体系を要確認）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/products/bitbank","relationships":{"providers":["provider:bitbank"],"families":["family:bitbank"],"clusters":["cluster:crypto"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ビットバンク株式会社","url":"https://bitbank.cc/","official":true},{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本暗号資産取引業協会","url":"https://jvcea.or.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/menkyo/menkyoj/","official":true}],"type":"product","cluster":"crypto","text":"登録済み暗号資産取引所\n金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟の暗号資産取引所で、居住者向け。取引画面で言及されることが多い。\n金融庁登録・JVCEA加盟\n複数銘柄の板取引\n実績ある国内取引所\n暗号資産の利益は雑所得として重く課税\n取引前に手数料・スプレッドを比較\nメイカー/テイカー手数料やスプレッドは変動（最新の体系を要確認）。","url":"/ja/products/bitbank"},{"id":"provider:mufg-bank:ja","entityId":"provider:mufg-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"三菱UFJ銀行","plainText":"三菱UFJ銀行\nbank\n総資産で国内最大の銀行。全国に広い店舗・ATM網を持ち、個人・住宅ローン・法人まで幅広いサービスを提供。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/mufg-bank","relationships":{"products":["deposit-product:mufg-bank-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社三菱UFJ銀行","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"三菱UFJ銀行\nbank\n総資産で国内最大の銀行。全国に広い店舗・ATM網を持ち、個人・住宅ローン・法人まで幅広いサービスを提供。","url":"/ja/banks/mufg-bank"},{"id":"provider:smbc:ja","entityId":"provider:smbc","entityType":"provider","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"三井住友銀行","plainText":"三井住友銀行\nbank\nOlive（オリーブ）の一体型口座・アプリとVポイント経済圏で知られるメガバンク。全国の店舗・ATM網も備える。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/smbc","relationships":{"products":["deposit-product:smbc-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社三井住友銀行","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"三井住友銀行\nbank\nOlive（オリーブ）の一体型口座・アプリとVポイント経済圏で知られるメガバンク。全国の店舗・ATM網も備える。","url":"/ja/banks/smbc"},{"id":"provider:mizuho:ja","entityId":"provider:mizuho","entityType":"provider","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"みずほ銀行","plainText":"みずほ銀行\nbank\n三大メガバンクの一つ。全国の店舗・ATM網を持ち、個人・住宅ローン・法人まで幅広く対応。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/mizuho","relationships":{"products":["deposit-product:mizuho-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社みずほ銀行","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"みずほ銀行\nbank\n三大メガバンクの一つ。全国の店舗・ATM網を持ち、個人・住宅ローン・法人まで幅広く対応。","url":"/ja/banks/mizuho"},{"id":"provider:japan-post-bank:ja","entityId":"provider:japan-post-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ゆうちょ銀行","plainText":"ゆうちょ銀行\nbank\n郵便局網により日本で最も広い店舗・ATM網を持つ銀行。新規居住者にも開設しやすく、地方でも使いやすい。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/japan-post-bank","relationships":{"products":["product:japan-post-bank","deposit-product:japan-post-bank-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ゆうちょ銀行","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"ゆうちょ銀行\nbank\n郵便局網により日本で最も広い店舗・ATM網を持つ銀行。新規居住者にも開設しやすく、地方でも使いやすい。","url":"/ja/banks/japan-post-bank"},{"id":"provider:resona-bank:ja","entityId":"provider:resona-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"りそな銀行","plainText":"りそな銀行\nbank\n個人向けに強い大手銀行（信託機能も持つ）。アプリ強化で知られ、店舗は関東・関西中心。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/resona-bank","relationships":{"products":["deposit-product:resona-bank-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社りそな銀行","url":"https://www.resonabank.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"りそな銀行\nbank\n個人向けに強い大手銀行（信託機能も持つ）。アプリ強化で知られ、店舗は関東・関西中心。","url":"/ja/banks/resona-bank"},{"id":"provider:smbc-trust-bank:ja","entityId":"provider:smbc-trust-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SMBC信託銀行 プレスティア","plainText":"SMBC信託銀行 プレスティア\nbank\nSMBC PRESTIA\nPRESTIA\nWeb・アプリ・電話・店舗まで英語対応が最も一貫している銀行。マルチカレンシー口座を備え、国際志向の居住者向け。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/smbc-prestia","relationships":{"products":["product:smbc-prestia","deposit-product:smbc-prestia-ordinary","deposit-product:smbc-prestia-fx"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社SMBC信託銀行","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"SMBC信託銀行 プレスティア\nbank\nSMBC PRESTIA\nPRESTIA\nWeb・アプリ・電話・店舗まで英語対応が最も一貫している銀行。マルチカレンシー口座を備え、国際志向の居住者向け。","url":"/ja/banks/smbc-prestia"},{"id":"provider:sbi-shinsei-bank:ja","entityId":"provider:sbi-shinsei-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"SBI新生銀行","plainText":"SBI新生銀行\nbank\nShinsei Bank\n新生銀行\nオンラインと店舗を併用する銀行。かつて英語対応や外貨サービスで知られ、現在はSBIグループに属する。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/sbi-shinsei-bank","relationships":{"products":["product:shinsei-bank","deposit-product:sbi-shinsei-bank-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社SBI新生銀行","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"SBI新生銀行\nbank\nShinsei Bank\n新生銀行\nオンラインと店舗を併用する銀行。かつて英語対応や外貨サービスで知られ、現在はSBIグループに属する。","url":"/ja/banks/sbi-shinsei-bank"},{"id":"provider:sony-bank:ja","entityId":"provider:sony-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ソニー銀行","plainText":"ソニー銀行\nbank\n外貨機能とマルチカレンシー・デビットカード、評価の高いアプリで人気のネット専業銀行。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/sony-bank","relationships":{"products":["product:sony-bank","deposit-product:sony-bank-ordinary","deposit-product:sony-bank-fx"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ソニー銀行株式会社","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"ソニー銀行\nbank\n外貨機能とマルチカレンシー・デビットカード、評価の高いアプリで人気のネット専業銀行。","url":"/ja/banks/sony-bank"},{"id":"provider:rakuten-bank:ja","entityId":"provider:rakuten-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"楽天銀行","plainText":"楽天銀行\nbank\n口座数で国内最大級のネット銀行。楽天経済圏（カード・ポイント・証券）と密に連携。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/rakuten-bank","relationships":{"products":["product:rakuten-bank","deposit-product:rakuten-bank-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天銀行株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"楽天銀行\nbank\n口座数で国内最大級のネット銀行。楽天経済圏（カード・ポイント・証券）と密に連携。","url":"/ja/banks/rakuten-bank"},{"id":"provider:paypay-bank:ja","entityId":"provider:paypay-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"PayPay銀行","plainText":"PayPay銀行\nbank\n日本初のネット銀行（旧ジャパンネット銀行）。現在はPayPayのキャッシュレス経済圏と連携。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/paypay-bank","relationships":{"products":["deposit-product:paypay-bank-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"PayPay銀行株式会社","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"PayPay銀行\nbank\n日本初のネット銀行（旧ジャパンネット銀行）。現在はPayPayのキャッシュレス経済圏と連携。","url":"/ja/banks/paypay-bank"},{"id":"provider:jibun-bank:ja","entityId":"provider:jibun-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"auじぶん銀行","plainText":"auじぶん銀行\nbank\nau（KDDI）経済圏のスマホ中心のネット銀行。Pontaポイント連携とau経済圏との連動が特徴。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/jibun-bank","relationships":{"products":["deposit-product:jibun-bank-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"auじぶん銀行株式会社","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"auじぶん銀行\nbank\nau（KDDI）経済圏のスマホ中心のネット銀行。Pontaポイント連携とau経済圏との連動が特徴。","url":"/ja/banks/jibun-bank"},{"id":"provider:sbi-sumishin:ja","entityId":"provider:sbi-sumishin","entityType":"provider","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住信SBIネット銀行","plainText":"住信SBIネット銀行\nbank\n預金残高で国内最大級のネット銀行。SBI証券との連携に強く、為替やNEOBANK基盤で知られる。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/sbi-sumishin","relationships":{"products":["deposit-product:sbi-sumishin-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"住信SBIネット銀行株式会社","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"住信SBIネット銀行\nbank\n預金残高で国内最大級のネット銀行。SBI証券との連携に強く、為替やNEOBANK基盤で知られる。","url":"/ja/banks/sbi-sumishin"},{"id":"provider:gmo-aozora:ja","entityId":"provider:gmo-aozora","entityType":"provider","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"GMOあおぞらネット銀行","plainText":"GMOあおぞらネット銀行\nbank\n低い振込手数料や開発者向け機能で、フリーランス・小規模事業者に選ばれることが多いネット銀行。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/gmo-aozora","relationships":{"products":["product:gmo-aozora-business","deposit-product:gmo-aozora-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"GMOあおぞらネット銀行株式会社","url":"https://gmo-aozora.com/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"GMOあおぞらネット銀行\nbank\n低い振込手数料や開発者向け機能で、フリーランス・小規模事業者に選ばれることが多いネット銀行。","url":"/ja/banks/gmo-aozora"},{"id":"provider:seven-bank:ja","entityId":"provider:seven-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"セブン銀行","plainText":"セブン銀行\nbank\n全国のセブン‑イレブンのATMを軸にした銀行。海外送金サービスと多言語サポートを備え、外国人居住者にもよく使われる。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/seven-bank","relationships":{"products":["deposit-product:seven-bank-ordinary"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社セブン銀行","url":"https://www.sevenbank.co.jp/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"セブン銀行\nbank\n全国のセブン‑イレブンのATMを軸にした銀行。海外送金サービスと多言語サポートを備え、外国人居住者にもよく使われる。","url":"/ja/banks/seven-bank"},{"id":"provider:aeon-bank:ja","entityId":"provider:aeon-bank","entityType":"provider","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"イオン銀行","plainText":"イオン銀行\nbank\nイオンモール内の店舗を持つ流通系銀行。WAON 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Securities","url":"https://www.nomura.co.jp/apply/","official":true}],"type":"provider","cluster":"","text":"野村證券\nbrokerage","url":"/ja/providers/nomura-securities"},{"id":"comparison:banks:best-banks-english-support:ja","entityId":"comparison:banks:best-banks-english-support","entityType":"comparison","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"英語対応で選ぶ日本の銀行","plainText":"英語対応を「Web・申込・アプリ・電話・店舗」に分けて、実際に記載のある銀行を整理。うわさに頼らない比較。\n英語で銀行取引をしたい・する必要がある居住者、特に新規居住者。\nここでフル英語対応を全チャネルで明記しているのはプレスティアのみ。\nソニー銀行・セブン銀行は一部チャネルで英語対応（使いたいサービスごとに要確認）。\n他の多くの日本の銀行は英語対応の記載がなく「未確認」と表示。\n検証可能なチャネルで少なくとも一部の英語対応が記載されている銀行を掲載。記載のない銀行はこのショートリストから除外し、マスター表では「未確認」と表示。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/compare/best-banks-english-support","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sony-bank","provider:seven-bank","provider:sbi-shinsei-bank"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社SMBC信託銀行","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社SMBC信託銀行","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/","official":true},{"publisher":"ソニー銀行株式会社","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社セブン銀行","url":"https://www.sevenbank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社SBI新生銀行","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-28","type":"comparison","cluster":"","text":"英語対応を「Web・申込・アプリ・電話・店舗」に分けて、実際に記載のある銀行を整理。うわさに頼らない比較。\n英語で銀行取引をしたい・する必要がある居住者、特に新規居住者。\nここでフル英語対応を全チャネルで明記しているのはプレスティアのみ。\nソニー銀行・セブン銀行は一部チャネルで英語対応（使いたいサービスごとに要確認）。\n他の多くの日本の銀行は英語対応の記載がなく「未確認」と表示。\n検証可能なチャネルで少なくとも一部の英語対応が記載されている銀行を掲載。記載のない銀行はこのショートリストから除外し、マスター表では「未確認」と表示。","url":"/ja/banks/compare/best-banks-english-support","updated":"2026-07-28"},{"id":"comparison:banks:best-online-banks:ja","entityId":"comparison:banks:best-online-banks","entityType":"comparison","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のネット銀行おすすめ比較","plainText":"手数料無料・アプリ中心の銀行を、経済圏・証券連携・日常機能で比較。変動する手数料は要確認として明示。\n店舗なしでも問題なく、低コストと使いやすいアプリを求める人。\nいずれも口座維持手数料は無料。\n主な違いは、すでに使っている経済圏・証券会社。\nATM・振込の手数料体系は変動する（無料回数などは事前に要確認）。\n掲載：手数料無料の標準口座を持つ主要な個人向けネット銀行。除外：個別事情向け・法人専用など個人利用の関連性が低いもの。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/compare/best-online-banks","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-bank","provider:sbi-sumishin","provider:sony-bank","provider:paypay-bank","provider:jibun-bank"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天銀行株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"住信SBIネット銀行株式会社","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"ソニー銀行株式会社","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay銀行株式会社","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"auじぶん銀行株式会社","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-28","type":"comparison","cluster":"","text":"手数料無料・アプリ中心の銀行を、経済圏・証券連携・日常機能で比較。変動する手数料は要確認として明示。\n店舗なしでも問題なく、低コストと使いやすいアプリを求める人。\nいずれも口座維持手数料は無料。\n主な違いは、すでに使っている経済圏・証券会社。\nATM・振込の手数料体系は変動する（無料回数などは事前に要確認）。\n掲載：手数料無料の標準口座を持つ主要な個人向けネット銀行。除外：個別事情向け・法人専用など個人利用の関連性が低いもの。","url":"/ja/banks/compare/best-online-banks","updated":"2026-07-28"},{"id":"comparison:banks:best-banks-cash-and-branches:ja","entityId":"comparison:banks:best-banks-cash-and-branches","entityType":"comparison","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"現金・店舗で選ぶ銀行","plainText":"現金入金が多い人、対面窓口を使いたい人、全国で最も広いATM網が必要な人向け。\n現金中心の人、地方在住者、対面の銀行取引を重視する人。\nゆうちょ・セブン銀行は全国網に強く、イオンは長時間の店内窓口が加わる。\nメガバンクはフルサービスの店舗を持つが営業時間は限定的。\n純粋なネット銀行はここでは除外（店舗なし・提携ATM依存）。\n掲載：店舗・ATMアクセスに強い銀行。除外：店舗を持たないネット銀行。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/compare/best-banks-cash-and-branches","relationships":{"providers":["provider:japan-post-bank","provider:seven-bank","provider:aeon-bank","provider:mufg-bank","provider:smbc"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社ゆうちょ銀行","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社セブン銀行","url":"https://www.sevenbank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社イオン銀行","url":"https://www.aeonbank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社三菱UFJ銀行","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社三井住友銀行","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-28","type":"comparison","cluster":"","text":"現金入金が多い人、対面窓口を使いたい人、全国で最も広いATM網が必要な人向け。\n現金中心の人、地方在住者、対面の銀行取引を重視する人。\nゆうちょ・セブン銀行は全国網に強く、イオンは長時間の店内窓口が加わる。\nメガバンクはフルサービスの店舗を持つが営業時間は限定的。\n純粋なネット銀行はここでは除外（店舗なし・提携ATM依存）。\n掲載：店舗・ATMアクセスに強い銀行。除外：店舗を持たないネット銀行。","url":"/ja/banks/compare/best-banks-cash-and-branches","updated":"2026-07-28"},{"id":"comparison:banks:best-banks-foreign-residents:ja","entityId":"comparison:banks:best-banks-foreign-residents","entityType":"comparison","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国人居住者向けの銀行選び","plainText":"曖昧な「外国人向け」ではなく、実際に効く検証可能な軸（英語対応の記載・作りやすさ・国際送金機能）で比較。\n最初の・メインの銀行を選ぶ新規／既存の外国人居住者。\nうわさで「外国人向け」とは表示せず、各軸に出典を付す。\n英語対応の明記は実際には少なく、プレスティアが突出。他は一部または未確認。\n審査は在留資格・書類次第。承認確率は推定しない。\n検証可能な軸（英語・アクセス・送金）で掲載。承認確率の主張は一切しない。\n承認のされやすさ、非公式の「作りやすい」評判、検証不能な口コミは意図的に除外。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/compare/best-banks-foreign-residents","relationships":{"providers":["provider:seven-bank","provider:japan-post-bank","provider:sony-bank"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社SMBC信託銀行","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社SMBC信託銀行","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/en/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社セブン銀行","url":"https://www.sevenbank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社ゆうちょ銀行","url":"https://www.jp-bank.japanpost.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"ソニー銀行株式会社","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true},{"publisher":"出入国在留管理庁","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-28","type":"comparison","cluster":"","text":"曖昧な「外国人向け」ではなく、実際に効く検証可能な軸（英語対応の記載・作りやすさ・国際送金機能）で比較。\n最初の・メインの銀行を選ぶ新規／既存の外国人居住者。\nうわさで「外国人向け」とは表示せず、各軸に出典を付す。\n英語対応の明記は実際には少なく、プレスティアが突出。他は一部または未確認。\n審査は在留資格・書類次第。承認確率は推定しない。\n検証可能な軸（英語・アクセス・送金）で掲載。承認確率の主張は一切しない。\n承認のされやすさ、非公式の「作りやすい」評判、検証不能な口コミは意図的に除外。","url":"/ja/banks/compare/best-banks-foreign-residents","updated":"2026-07-28"},{"id":"comparison:banks:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho:ja","entityId":"comparison:banks:mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","entityType":"comparison","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"三菱UFJ vs 三井住友 vs みずほ","plainText":"日本の三大メガバンクを、店舗網・経済圏・日常機能で比較。\n給与・住宅ローン・法人などでフルサービスのメガバンクを選ぶ人。\n三行ともフルサービスのメガバンクで、全国店舗・日本語中心。\nアプリ・ポイント統合ではOlive／VポイントのSMBCが先行。\n日常の手数料差は小さく変動的（使い方に応じて最新表を要確認）。\n直接代替となるフルサービス3行として比較。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/compare/mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","relationships":{"providers":["provider:mufg-bank","provider:smbc","provider:mizuho"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社三菱UFJ銀行","url":"https://www.bk.mufg.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社三井住友銀行","url":"https://www.smbc.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社みずほ銀行","url":"https://www.mizuhobank.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-28","type":"comparison","cluster":"","text":"日本の三大メガバンクを、店舗網・経済圏・日常機能で比較。\n給与・住宅ローン・法人などでフルサービスのメガバンクを選ぶ人。\n三行ともフルサービスのメガバンクで、全国店舗・日本語中心。\nアプリ・ポイント統合ではOlive／VポイントのSMBCが先行。\n日常の手数料差は小さく変動的（使い方に応じて最新表を要確認）。\n直接代替となるフルサービス3行として比較。","url":"/ja/banks/compare/mufg-vs-smbc-vs-mizuho","updated":"2026-07-28"},{"id":"comparison:banks:rakuten-vs-paypay-vs-jibun:ja","entityId":"comparison:banks:rakuten-vs-paypay-vs-jibun","entityType":"comparison","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"楽天銀行 vs PayPay銀行 vs auじぶん銀行","plainText":"経済圏連携の3ネット銀行を比較。多くの場合、すでに使っている経済圏で選ぶのが正解。\nポイント・通信の経済圏に紐づく手数料無料のネット銀行を選ぶ人。\nいずれも手数料無料のネット銀行で、決め手は経済圏の連携。\n楽天とauじぶんは証券連携の記載あり（最新条件を要確認）。\nポイント制度は変更が多い（付与率・条件は事前に要確認）。\n直接比較できる経済圏連携の個人向けネット銀行3行。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/compare/rakuten-vs-paypay-vs-jibun","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-bank","provider:paypay-bank","provider:jibun-bank"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天銀行株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay銀行株式会社","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"auじぶん銀行株式会社","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-28","type":"comparison","cluster":"","text":"経済圏連携の3ネット銀行を比較。多くの場合、すでに使っている経済圏で選ぶのが正解。\nポイント・通信の経済圏に紐づく手数料無料のネット銀行を選ぶ人。\nいずれも手数料無料のネット銀行で、決め手は経済圏の連携。\n楽天とauじぶんは証券連携の記載あり（最新条件を要確認）。\nポイント制度は変更が多い（付与率・条件は事前に要確認）。\n直接比較できる経済圏連携の個人向けネット銀行3行。","url":"/ja/banks/compare/rakuten-vs-paypay-vs-jibun","updated":"2026-07-28"},{"id":"comparison:banks:banks-with-brokerage-integration:ja","entityId":"comparison:banks:banks-with-brokerage-integration","entityType":"comparison","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"証券連携で選ぶ日本の銀行","plainText":"銀行と証券の連携を経済圏別に比較。連携口座がすべての投資家に適するとは限りません。\n日本の証券会社を利用中、または利用予定の居住者。\n証券会社自体を比較してから経済圏を選びます。\n連携は運用成果や口座承認を保証しません。\n個人向け銀行で証券連携に出典がある場合のみ掲載。\n証券会社の優劣、運用成果、承認可能性は比較対象外です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/compare/banks-with-brokerage-integration","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-bank","provider:sbi-sumishin","provider:jibun-bank"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天銀行株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"住信SBIネット銀行株式会社","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"auじぶん銀行株式会社","url":"https://www.jibunbank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"楽天証券株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-sec.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社SBI証券","url":"https://www.sbisec.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29","type":"comparison","cluster":"","text":"銀行と証券の連携を経済圏別に比較。連携口座がすべての投資家に適するとは限りません。\n日本の証券会社を利用中、または利用予定の居住者。\n証券会社自体を比較してから経済圏を選びます。\n連携は運用成果や口座承認を保証しません。\n個人向け銀行で証券連携に出典がある場合のみ掲載。\n証券会社の優劣、運用成果、承認可能性は比較対象外です。","url":"/ja/banks/compare/banks-with-brokerage-integration","updated":"2026-07-29"},{"id":"comparison:banks:banks-for-international-transfers:ja","entityId":"comparison:banks:banks-for-international-transfers","entityType":"comparison","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"海外送金機能で選ぶ日本の銀行","plainText":"海外送金の明記、英語対応、外貨口座を比較。送金前に最新手数料と為替レートを確認してください。\n国境を越えて定期的に送受金する居住者。\n送金機能があることは総コスト最安を意味しません。\n受取手数料、中継銀行手数料、為替上乗せを経路別に比較します。\n公式資料で海外送金機能を確認できる銀行を掲載。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/compare/banks-for-international-transfers","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sony-bank","provider:sbi-shinsei-bank","provider:seven-bank"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"株式会社SMBC信託銀行","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"ソニー銀行株式会社","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社SBI新生銀行","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社セブン銀行","url":"https://www.sevenbank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"日本銀行","url":"https://www.boj.or.jp/en/paym/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29","type":"comparison","cluster":"","text":"海外送金の明記、英語対応、外貨口座を比較。送金前に最新手数料と為替レートを確認してください。\n国境を越えて定期的に送受金する居住者。\n送金機能があることは総コスト最安を意味しません。\n受取手数料、中継銀行手数料、為替上乗せを経路別に比較します。\n公式資料で海外送金機能を確認できる銀行を掲載。","url":"/ja/banks/compare/banks-for-international-transfers","updated":"2026-07-29"},{"id":"comparison:banks:banks-with-foreign-currency-accounts:ja","entityId":"comparison:banks:banks-with-foreign-currency-accounts","entityType":"comparison","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外貨預金口座で選ぶ日本の銀行","plainText":"確認済みの外貨預金機能を比較。為替レートや運用成果のランキングではありません。\n円以外の通貨を保有・受取・利用する居住者。\n外貨預金には為替変動リスクがあります。\n預金保険の扱いと対応通貨は商品単位で確認が必要です。\n外貨預金口座の項目に出典がある場合のみ掲載。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/compare/banks-with-foreign-currency-accounts","relationships":{"providers":["provider:sony-bank","provider:sbi-shinsei-bank","provider:sbi-sumishin"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"ソニー銀行株式会社","url":"https://moneykit.net/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社SMBC信託銀行","url":"https://www.smbctb.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"株式会社SBI新生銀行","url":"https://www.sbishinseibank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"住信SBIネット銀行株式会社","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29","type":"comparison","cluster":"","text":"確認済みの外貨預金機能を比較。為替レートや運用成果のランキングではありません。\n円以外の通貨を保有・受取・利用する居住者。\n外貨預金には為替変動リスクがあります。\n預金保険の扱いと対応通貨は商品単位で確認が必要です。\n外貨預金口座の項目に出典がある場合のみ掲載。","url":"/ja/banks/compare/banks-with-foreign-currency-accounts","updated":"2026-07-29"},{"id":"comparison:banks:bank-accounts-for-freelancers:ja","entityId":"comparison:banks:bank-accounts-for-freelancers","entityType":"comparison","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のフリーランス向け個人口座比較","plainText":"フリーランスの資金分離に使う個人口座を手数料・オンライン機能・経済圏で比較。法人口座の案内ではありません。\n記帳用に2つ目の個人口座を検討する個人事業主。\n予定する個人口座の利用が認められるか銀行に確認します。\n口座分離は記帳を簡単にしますが税務上の扱いは変えません。\n記帳上の資金分離を目的に個人口座のみ掲載し、事業用口座の主張はしません。\n法人口座・専用事業口座は別途調査まで除外。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/banks/compare/bank-accounts-for-freelancers","relationships":{"providers":["provider:rakuten-bank","provider:sbi-sumishin","provider:paypay-bank","provider:gmo-aozora"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"楽天銀行株式会社","url":"https://www.rakuten-bank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"住信SBIネット銀行株式会社","url":"https://www.netbk.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"PayPay銀行株式会社","url":"https://www.paypay-bank.co.jp/","official":true},{"publisher":"GMOあおぞらネット銀行株式会社","url":"https://gmo-aozora.com/","official":true}],"verifiedAt":"2026-07-29","type":"comparison","cluster":"","text":"フリーランスの資金分離に使う個人口座を手数料・オンライン機能・経済圏で比較。法人口座の案内ではありません。\n記帳用に2つ目の個人口座を検討する個人事業主。\n予定する個人口座の利用が認められるか銀行に確認します。\n口座分離は記帳を簡単にしますが税務上の扱いは変えません。\n記帳上の資金分離を目的に個人口座のみ掲載し、事業用口座の主張はしません。\n法人口座・専用事業口座は別途調査まで除外。","url":"/ja/banks/compare/bank-accounts-for-freelancers","updated":"2026-07-29"},{"id":"glossary:zairyu-card:ja","entityId":"glossary:zairyu-card","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"在留カード","plainText":"中長期在留する外国人に交付される在留資格の証明カード。銀行口座開設やカード申込など、多くの金融サービスで中心となる本人確認書類です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#zairyu-card","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"出入国在留管理庁","url":"https://www.moj.go.jp/isa/","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"banking","text":"中長期在留する外国人に交付される在留資格の証明カード。銀行口座開設やカード申込など、多くの金融サービスで中心となる本人確認書類です。","url":"/ja/glossary#zairyu-card"},{"id":"glossary:my-number:ja","entityId":"glossary:my-number","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マイナンバー","plainText":"税・社会保障などに用いる12桁の個人番号。金融口座の確認にも使われ、銀行・証券で提出を求められることがあります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#my-number","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"税・社会保障などに用いる12桁の個人番号。金融口座の確認にも使われ、銀行・証券で提出を求められることがあります。","url":"/ja/glossary#my-number"},{"id":"glossary:koza-furikae:ja","entityId":"glossary:koza-furikae","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"口座振替","plainText":"家賃・公共料金・カード代金などの継続的な支払いを、銀行口座から自動で引き落とす仕組み。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#koza-furikae","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"banking","text":"家賃・公共料金・カード代金などの継続的な支払いを、銀行口座から自動で引き落とす仕組み。","url":"/ja/glossary#koza-furikae"},{"id":"glossary:furikomi:ja","entityId":"glossary:furikomi","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"振込","plainText":"他の銀行口座へお金を送る手続き。家賃・請求・支払いに使われ、手数料は銀行や方法で異なります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#furikomi","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:banking"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"banking","text":"他の銀行口座へお金を送る手続き。家賃・請求・支払いに使われ、手数料は銀行や方法で異なります。","url":"/ja/glossary#furikomi"},{"id":"glossary:nisa:ja","entityId":"glossary:nisa","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISA","plainText":"運用益が非課税になる投資口座。2024年から年360万円（生涯1,800万円）まで投資でき、利益が非課税になります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#nisa","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"investing","text":"運用益が非課税になる投資口座。2024年から年360万円（生涯1,800万円）まで投資でき、利益が非課税になります。","url":"/ja/glossary#nisa"},{"id":"glossary:ideco:ja","entityId":"glossary:ideco","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"iDeCo","plainText":"私的な税制優遇のある確定拠出年金。掛金は今の課税所得を減らせますが、原則60歳まで引き出せません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#ideco","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"National Pension Fund Association","url":"https://www.ideco-koushiki.jp/guide/","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"investing","text":"私的な税制優遇のある確定拠出年金。掛金は今の課税所得を減らせますが、原則60歳まで引き出せません。","url":"/ja/glossary#ideco"},{"id":"glossary:tsumitate:ja","entityId":"glossary:tsumitate","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"つみたて投資枠","plainText":"規制当局が選定した投信へ定期・自動で積み立てるNISAの枠。年120万円まで。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#tsumitate","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"Financial Services Agency","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/policy/nisa2/about/nisa2024/index.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"investing","text":"規制当局が選定した投信へ定期・自動で積み立てるNISAの枠。年120万円まで。","url":"/ja/glossary#tsumitate"},{"id":"glossary:genzei:ja","entityId":"glossary:genzei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"減税","plainText":"医療費・扶養・住宅ローン控除などの控除・税額控除により、納める税金を減らすこと。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#genzei","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"医療費・扶養・住宅ローン控除などの控除・税額控除により、納める税金を減らすこと。","url":"/ja/glossary#genzei"},{"id":"glossary:kakutei-shinkoku:ja","entityId":"glossary:kakutei-shinkoku","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"確定申告","plainText":"毎年2月16日〜3月15日に行う所得税の申告。副収入・自営や特定の控除を受ける場合に必要です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#kakutei-shinkoku","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.e-tax.nta.go.jp/","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"毎年2月16日〜3月15日に行う所得税の申告。副収入・自営や特定の控除を受ける場合に必要です。","url":"/ja/glossary#kakutei-shinkoku"},{"id":"glossary:nenmatsu-chosei:ja","entityId":"glossary:nenmatsu-chosei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"年末調整","plainText":"年末に源泉徴収された所得税を勤務先が精算する手続き。1か所給与の多くの会社員は確定申告が不要になります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#nenmatsu-chosei","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"年末に源泉徴収された所得税を勤務先が精算する手続き。1か所給与の多くの会社員は確定申告が不要になります。","url":"/ja/glossary#nenmatsu-chosei"},{"id":"glossary:juminzei:ja","entityId":"glossary:juminzei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住民税","plainText":"約10%の地方税。所得の翌年に課税され、新規居住者は2年目に驚くことが多いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#juminzei","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/index.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"約10%の地方税。所得の翌年に課税され、新規居住者は2年目に驚くことが多いです。","url":"/ja/glossary#juminzei"},{"id":"glossary:shotokuzei:ja","entityId":"glossary:shotokuzei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"所得税","plainText":"個人の所得にかかる国税。課税所得に対し5%〜45%の累進税率で課され、さらに2.1%の復興特別所得税が加わります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#shotokuzei","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2260.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"個人の所得にかかる国税。課税所得に対し5%〜45%の累進税率で課され、さらに2.1%の復興特別所得税が加わります。","url":"/ja/glossary#shotokuzei"},{"id":"glossary:gensen-choshu:ja","entityId":"glossary:gensen-choshu","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"源泉徴収","plainText":"会社などの支払者が年内に源泉で差し引く税。年末調整や確定申告で精算される前払いで、必ずしも最終税額ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#gensen-choshu","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"会社などの支払者が年内に源泉で差し引く税。年末調整や確定申告で精算される前払いで、必ずしも最終税額ではありません。","url":"/ja/glossary#gensen-choshu"},{"id":"glossary:gensen-choshu-hyo:ja","entityId":"glossary:gensen-choshu-hyo","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"源泉徴収票","plainText":"会社が年末に発行する、支払金額・給与所得控除後の金額・所得控除合計・源泉徴収税額を示す書類。申告に転記する数字です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#gensen-choshu-hyo","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/gensen/2792.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"会社が年末に発行する、支払金額・給与所得控除後の金額・所得控除合計・源泉徴収税額を示す書類。申告に転記する数字です。","url":"/ja/glossary#gensen-choshu-hyo"},{"id":"glossary:shiroiro-shinkoku:ja","entityId":"glossary:shiroiro-shinkoku","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"白色申告","plainText":"青色申告の申請をしない場合の既定の申告。記帳は必要ですが、青色の特別控除はありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#shiroiro-shinkoku","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"青色申告の申請をしない場合の既定の申告。記帳は必要ですが、青色の特別控除はありません。","url":"/ja/glossary#shiroiro-shinkoku"},{"id":"glossary:tekikaku-seikyusho:ja","entityId":"glossary:tekikaku-seikyusho","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"適格請求書","plainText":"登録事業者が発行するインボイス制度対応の請求書。事業者の買手が仕入税額控除を受けられます。登録すると免税事業者も課税事業者になります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#tekikaku-seikyusho","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"登録事業者が発行するインボイス制度対応の請求書。事業者の買手が仕入税額控除を受けられます。登録すると免税事業者も課税事業者になります。","url":"/ja/glossary#tekikaku-seikyusho"},{"id":"glossary:genka-shokyaku:ja","entityId":"glossary:genka-shokyaku","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"減価償却","plainText":"長期使用の資産（設備・建物）の取得費を、一括ではなく耐用年数で費用化すること。土地は減価償却しません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#genka-shokyaku","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2100.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"長期使用の資産（設備・建物）の取得費を、一括ではなく耐用年数で費用化すること。土地は減価償却しません。","url":"/ja/glossary#genka-shokyaku"},{"id":"glossary:yotei-nozei:ja","entityId":"glossary:yotei-nozei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"予定納税","plainText":"前年の予定納税基準額が一定以上の場合に、7月・11月に前払いする所得税。翌年の確定申告で精算します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#yotei-nozei","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2039.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"前年の予定納税基準額が一定以上の場合に、7月・11月に前払いする所得税。翌年の確定申告で精算します。","url":"/ja/glossary#yotei-nozei"},{"id":"glossary:nozei-kanrinin:ja","entityId":"glossary:nozei-kanrinin","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"納税管理人","plainText":"出国後に通知の受領・申告・還付・納付を代行する、日本国内で選任する人。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#nozei-kanrinin","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/english/taxes/individual/12004.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"出国後に通知の受領・申告・還付・納付を代行する、日本国内で選任する人。","url":"/ja/glossary#nozei-kanrinin"},{"id":"glossary:gaikoku-zeigaku-kojo:ja","entityId":"glossary:gaikoku-zeigaku-kojo","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"外国税額控除","plainText":"対象の外国所得税を日本の税から控除して二重課税を緩和する制度。日本側の限度額があります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#gaikoku-zeigaku-kojo","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1240.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"対象の外国所得税を日本の税から控除して二重課税を緩和する制度。日本側の限度額があります。","url":"/ja/glossary#gaikoku-zeigaku-kojo"},{"id":"glossary:zoyozei:ja","entityId":"glossary:zoyozei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"贈与税","plainText":"受贈者が、年110万円の基礎控除（贈与者合計）を超える贈与に納める税。最高55%の累進税率です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#zoyozei","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/zoyo/4402.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"受贈者が、年110万円の基礎控除（贈与者合計）を超える贈与に納める税。最高55%の累進税率です。","url":"/ja/glossary#zoyozei"},{"id":"glossary:sozokuzei:ja","entityId":"glossary:sozokuzei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"相続税","plainText":"基礎控除「3,000万円＋600万円×法定相続人」を超える遺産にかかる税。申告は原則10か月以内です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#sozokuzei","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/sozoku/4152.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"基礎控除「3,000万円＋600万円×法定相続人」を超える遺産にかかる税。申告は原則10か月以内です。","url":"/ja/glossary#sozokuzei"},{"id":"glossary:kotei-shisanzei:ja","entityId":"glossary:kotei-shisanzei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"固定資産税","plainText":"土地・家屋・償却資産にかかる市区町村の毎年の税。1月1日の所有者と評価額に基づきます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#kotei-shisanzei","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"東京都主税局","url":"https://www.tax.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/shisan/kotei_tosi.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"土地・家屋・償却資産にかかる市区町村の毎年の税。1月1日の所有者と評価額に基づきます。","url":"/ja/glossary#kotei-shisanzei"},{"id":"glossary:inshizei:ja","entityId":"glossary:inshizei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"印紙税","plainText":"一定の紙の文書（契約書・高額の領収書）の作成に、記載金額に応じて課される税。純粋な電子文書は原則対象外です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#inshizei","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/inshi/7140.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"一定の紙の文書（契約書・高額の領収書）の作成に、記載金額に応じて課される税。純粋な電子文書は原則対象外です。","url":"/ja/glossary#inshizei"},{"id":"glossary:kyojusha:ja","entityId":"glossary:kyojusha","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"居住者","plainText":"所得税では、日本に住所がある、または1年以上居所がある人。非居住者より広く課税されます（在留資格とは別の税務概念）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#kyojusha","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"所得税では、日本に住所がある、または1年以上居所がある人。非居住者より広く課税されます（在留資格とは別の税務概念）。","url":"/ja/glossary#kyojusha"},{"id":"glossary:hikyojusha:ja","entityId":"glossary:hikyojusha","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"非居住者","plainText":"税務上、日本に住所も1年以上の居所もない人。特定の日本源泉所得のみ課税されます。在留資格とは別です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#hikyojusha","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2878.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"税務上、日本に住所も1年以上の居所もない人。特定の日本源泉所得のみ課税されます。在留資格とは別です。","url":"/ja/glossary#hikyojusha"},{"id":"glossary:zeirishi:ja","entityId":"glossary:zeirishi","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"税理士","plainText":"日本で規制された税務助言を行い、税務当局に対して納税者を代理できる唯一の有資格者。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#zeirishi","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"弁護士ドットコム株式会社","url":"https://www.zeiri4.com/","official":false}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"日本で規制された税務助言を行い、税務当局に対して納税者を代理できる唯一の有資格者。","url":"/ja/glossary#zeirishi"},{"id":"glossary:furusato-nozei:ja","entityId":"glossary:furusato-nozei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ふるさと納税","plainText":"自治体に寄付して返礼品を受け取りつつ、ほぼ全額を税から控除できる制度（実質自己負担2,000円）。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#furusato-nozei","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:tax"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/1155.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"tax","text":"自治体に寄付して返礼品を受け取りつつ、ほぼ全額を税から控除できる制度（実質自己負担2,000円）。","url":"/ja/glossary#furusato-nozei"},{"id":"glossary:kaigyo-todoke:ja","entityId":"glossary:kaigyo-todoke","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"開業届","plainText":"税務署に提出して個人事業主として登録する届出。無料で簡単で、青色申告承認申請と同時に出すことが多いです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#kaigyo-todoke","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"freelancers","text":"税務署に提出して個人事業主として登録する届出。無料で簡単で、青色申告承認申請と同時に出すことが多いです。","url":"/ja/glossary#kaigyo-todoke"},{"id":"glossary:aoiro-shinkoku:ja","entityId":"glossary:aoiro-shinkoku","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"青色申告","plainText":"複式簿記に対し最大65万円の控除や損失の繰越が使える申告方式。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#aoiro-shinkoku","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/taxanswer/shotoku/2070.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"freelancers","text":"複式簿記に対し最大65万円の控除や損失の繰越が使える申告方式。","url":"/ja/glossary#aoiro-shinkoku"},{"id":"glossary:invoice-seido:ja","entityId":"glossary:invoice-seido","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"インボイス制度","plainText":"2023年10月開始の消費税の制度。買い手が仕入税額控除を受けるには売り手の登録番号（T番号）が必要です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#invoice-seido","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"freelancers","text":"2023年10月開始の消費税の制度。買い手が仕入税額控除を受けるには売り手の登録番号（T番号）が必要です。","url":"/ja/glossary#invoice-seido"},{"id":"glossary:shohizei:ja","entityId":"glossary:shohizei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"消費税","plainText":"日本の付加価値税。標準10%、食品など一部は軽減8%。課税点を超える事業者に関係します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#shohizei","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"国税庁","url":"https://www.nta.go.jp/taxes/shiraberu/zeimokubetsu/shohi/keigenzeiritsu/invoice.htm","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"freelancers","text":"日本の付加価値税。標準10%、食品など一部は軽減8%。課税点を超える事業者に関係します。","url":"/ja/glossary#shohizei"},{"id":"glossary:kokumin-kenko-hoken:ja","entityId":"glossary:kokumin-kenko-hoken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"国民健康保険","plainText":"会社の健康保険に入らない人（フリーランスなど）向けの公的健康保険。保険料は所得連動で自治体が請求します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#kokumin-kenko-hoken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"会社の健康保険に入らない人（フリーランスなど）向けの公的健康保険。保険料は所得連動で自治体が請求します。","url":"/ja/glossary#kokumin-kenko-hoken"},{"id":"g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"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"定期的（一般に半年ごと）に見直される金利。上昇は借り手が負担します。","url":"/ja/glossary#hendo-kinri"},{"id":"glossary:kotei-kinri:ja","entityId":"glossary:kotei-kinri","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"固定金利","plainText":"一定期間または全期間（フラット35など）固定される金利。初期費用は高いが金利リスクを取り除きます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#kotei-kinri","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"一定期間または全期間（フラット35など）固定される金利。初期費用は高いが金利リスクを取り除きます。","url":"/ja/glossary#kotei-kinri"},{"id":"glossary:danshin:ja","entityId":"glossary:danshin","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"団信","plainText":"被保険者の死亡・高度障害時に住宅ローンを完済する団体信用生命保険。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#danshin","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"被保険者の死亡・高度障害時に住宅ローンを完済する団体信用生命保険。","url":"/ja/glossary#danshin"},{"id":"glossary:atamakin:ja","entityId":"glossary:atamakin","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"頭金","plainText":"価格に対して前もって払う現金。多いほどLTVが下がり条件が良くなりがちです。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#atamakin","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"価格に対して前もって払う現金。多いほどLTVが下がり条件が良くなりがちです。","url":"/ja/glossary#atamakin"},{"id":"glossary:tetsukekin:ja","entityId":"glossary:tetsukekin","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"手付金","plainText":"契約時に払う代金の一部で決済時に充当。融資不成立での返還は住宅ローン特約が適用される場合のみ。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#tetsukekin","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"契約時に払う代金の一部で決済時に充当。融資不成立での返還は住宅ローン特約が適用される場合のみ。","url":"/ja/glossary#tetsukekin"},{"id":"glossary:chukai-tesuryo:ja","entityId":"glossary:chukai-tesuryo","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"仲介手数料","plainText":"免許を持つ仲介への手数料。価格と取引に応じた法定上限があります。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#chukai-tesuryo","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"免許を持つ仲介への手数料。価格と取引に応じた法定上限があります。","url":"/ja/glossary#chukai-tesuryo"},{"id":"glossary:juyo-jiko-setsumei:ja","entityId":"glossary:juyo-jiko-setsumei","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"重要事項説明","plainText":"契約前に宅地建物取引士が行う、権利・制限・災害・解除などの必須の説明。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#juyo-jiko-setsumei","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"契約前に宅地建物取引士が行う、権利・制限・災害・解除などの必須の説明。","url":"/ja/glossary#juyo-jiko-setsumei"},{"id":"glossary:shihoshoshi:ja","entityId":"glossary:shihoshoshi","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"司法書士","plainText":"所有権・抵当権の登記を準備・申請し、決済の手続きを確認する専門家。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#shihoshoshi","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"所有権・抵当権の登記を準備・申請し、決済の手続きを確認する専門家。","url":"/ja/glossary#shihoshoshi"},{"id":"glossary:shoyuken:ja","entityId":"glossary:shoyuken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"所有権","plainText":"法と税に服する土地の永続的な所有。一般的で融資可能な形です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#shoyuken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"法と税に服する土地の永続的な所有。一般的で融資可能な形です。","url":"/ja/glossary#shoyuken"},{"id":"glossary:shakuchiken:ja","entityId":"glossary:shakuchiken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"借地権","plainText":"他人所有の土地を使う権利。地代と承諾に服し、融資と売却を制約します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#shakuchiken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"他人所有の土地を使う権利。地代と承諾に服し、融資と売却を制約します。","url":"/ja/glossary#shakuchiken"},{"id":"glossary:shuzen-tsumitatekin:ja","entityId":"glossary:shuzen-tsumitatekin","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"修繕積立金","plainText":"大規模修繕のために貯めるマンションの積立金。通常運営を賄う管理費とは別です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#shuzen-tsumitatekin","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"大規模修繕のために貯めるマンションの積立金。通常運営を賄う管理費とは別です。","url":"/ja/glossary#shuzen-tsumitatekin"},{"id":"glossary:kanrihi:ja","entityId":"glossary:kanrihi","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"管理費","plainText":"マンションの通常の共用運営のための月次費用。大規模修繕には貯めません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#kanrihi","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"glossary","cluster":"loans","text":"マンションの通常の共用運営のための月次費用。大規模修繕には貯めません。","url":"/ja/glossary#kanrihi"},{"id":"glossary:saikenchiku-fuka:ja","entityId":"glossa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Tax 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日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"日常生活での法律上の賠償責任（子どもの破損・自転車事故・漏水など）を補償。世帯で1契約あれば足りることが多いです。","url":"/ja/glossary#kojin-baisho"},{"id":"glossary:shakuya-baisho:ja","entityId":"glossary:shakuya-baisho","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"借家人賠償責任","plainText":"借主が貸主に対して負う、賃借物件の所定の損害に対する賠償責任。家財補償や個人賠償とは別です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#shakuya-baisho","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"借主が貸主に対して負う、賃借物件の所定の損害に対する賠償責任。家財補償や個人賠償とは別です。","url":"/ja/glossary#shakuya-baisho"},{"id":"glossary:gan-hoken:ja","entityId":"glossary:gan-hoken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"がん保険","plainText":"がんの診断・治療に対し約款所定の給付を支払う保険。待機期間・定義・再発ルール・限度が適用されます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#gan-hoken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"がんの診断・治療に対し約款所定の給付を支払う保険。待機期間・定義・再発ルール・限度が適用されます。","url":"/ja/glossary#gan-hoken"},{"id":"glossary:iryo-hoken-minkan:ja","entityId":"glossary:iryo-hoken-minkan","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"医療保険","plainText":"入院・手術・治療に定額給付を支払う民間保険。公的医療保険を置き換えるものではなく補完します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#iryo-hoken-minkan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"入院・手術・治療に定額給付を支払う民間保険。公的医療保険を置き換えるものではなく補完します。","url":"/ja/glossary#iryo-hoken-minkan"},{"id":"glossary:shugyo-funo:ja","entityId":"glossary:shugyo-funo","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"就業不能保険","plainText":"待期後、約款の就業不能の定義に該当した場合に月額給付を支払う保険。短期療養や失業は通常対象外です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#shugyo-funo","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"待期後、約款の就業不能の定義に該当した場合に月額給付を支払う保険。短期療養や失業は通常対象外です。","url":"/ja/glossary#shugyo-funo"},{"id":"glossary:kojin-nenkin:ja","entityId":"glossary:kojin-nenkin","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"個人年金保険","plainText":"老後の受取を目的とする貯蓄型保険（外貨建てもあり）。iDeCo・NISA・手数料・インフレと比較して検討します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#kojin-nenkin","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"老後の受取を目的とする貯蓄型保険（外貨建てもあり）。iDeCo・NISA・手数料・インフレと比較して検討します。","url":"/ja/glossary#kojin-nenkin"},{"id":"glossary:gakushi-hoken:ja","entityId":"glossary:gakushi-hoken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"学資保険","plainText":"契約者の死亡・所定の障害で払込免除となる、教育資金の受取を組み込んだ保険。流動性・利回りは限定的です。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#gakushi-hoken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"金融庁","url":"https://www.fsa.go.jp/ordinary/insurance.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"契約者の死亡・所定の障害で払込免除となる、教育資金の受取を組み込んだ保険。流動性・利回りは限定的です。","url":"/ja/glossary#gakushi-hoken"},{"id":"glossary:kaigo-hoken-minkan:ja","entityId":"glossary:kaigo-hoken-minkan","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"民間介護保険","plainText":"約款所定の要介護状態や公的介護度に達した場合に一時金・年金を支払う保険。公的介護保険を置き換えるものではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#kaigo-hoken-minkan","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"厚生労働省","url":"https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/hukushi_kaigo/kaigo_koureisha/index.html","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"約款所定の要介護状態や公的介護度に達した場合に一時金・年金を支払う保険。公的介護保険を置き換えるものではありません。","url":"/ja/glossary#kaigo-hoken-minkan"},{"id":"glossary:pet-hoken:ja","entityId":"glossary:pet-hoken","entityType":"glossary","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"ペット保険","plainText":"対象の動物病院費用を一定割合で補償。待機期間・年間や日額の限度・免責・除外が適用されます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/glossary#pet-hoken","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:insurance"]},"sources":[{"publisher":"一般社団法人 日本損害保険協会","url":"https://www.sonpo.or.jp/","official":true}],"type":"glossary","cluster":"insurance","text":"対象の動物病院費用を一定割合で補償。待機期間・年間や日額の限度・免責・除外が適用されます。","url":"/ja/glossary#pet-hoken"},{"id":"persona:new-to-japan:ja","entityId":"persona:new-to-japan","entityType":"persona","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本に来たばかり","plainText":"最初の1年。お金をゼロから整える。\n来日して間もなく、銀行・カード・税金・日々のお金をゼロから整える必要がある方。\n銀行口座、携帯契約、家賃、そして育った国とは違う税制度。すべてが一度に新しくなります。最初の1年の目標は最適化ではなく、機能する土台を作ることです。\n完璧なカードや最良の証券会社はまだ必要ありません。必要なのは、きちんと使える口座、自動で払われる支払い、そして収入から何が引かれるかの基本的な理解です。\n在留カードで銀行口座を開く\n税務上の居住区分と、引かれるものを理解する\n作りやすいクレジットカードを1枚持ち、全額払いにする\n必要になる前に、安い海外送金を設定する\n住民税は1年遅れで請求される。2年目の増加に備える\n引っ越したら14日以内に住所を更新する\n新しいカードのリボ払い初期設定に注意する","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/persona/new-to-japan","relationships":{"courses":["course:money-basics-japan","course:budgeting-and-saving","course:credit-and-cards","course:understanding-taxes"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:moving-to-japan"]},"sources":[],"type":"persona","cluster":"","text":"最初の1年。お金をゼロから整える。\n来日して間もなく、銀行・カード・税金・日々のお金をゼロから整える必要がある方。\n銀行口座、携帯契約、家賃、そして育った国とは違う税制度。すべてが一度に新しくなります。最初の1年の目標は最適化ではなく、機能する土台を作ることです。\n完璧なカードや最良の証券会社はまだ必要ありません。必要なのは、きちんと使える口座、自動で払われる支払い、そして収入から何が引かれるかの基本的な理解です。\n在留カードで銀行口座を開く\n税務上の居住区分と、引かれるものを理解する\n作りやすいクレジットカードを1枚持ち、全額払いにする\n必要になる前に、安い海外送金を設定する\n住民税は1年遅れで請求される。2年目の増加に備える\n引っ越したら14日以内に住所を更新する\n新しいカードのリボ払い初期設定に注意する","url":"/ja/learn/persona/new-to-japan"},{"id":"persona:expat:ja","entityId":"persona:expat","entityType":"persona","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"駐在・外国人プロフェッショナル","plainText":"2か国をまたぐ、中期の居住者。\n日本で腰を据えて働き、数年在住する可能性があり、日本と母国にまたがるお金や義務がある方。\n基本は整いました。次に出てくるのが国際的な問いです。いずれ帰国するかもしれないのに日本で投資すべきか。NISAと母国の口座はどう関係するか。転居したら税はどうなるか。\n強みは、出国を見据えて計画することです。居住中に税制優遇のある制度を使いつつ、出国の日に混乱を残さないようにします。\n税務上の居住区分と、5年の節目を明確にする\n一時的かもしれない在住に、NISA/iDeCoをどう組み込むか決める\n母国との口座と申告を整合させる\n早期の出国に伴う税・年金の影響を計画する\n出国はNISA/iDeCoの資格を変える。先に規定を確認\n出国時、多額の資産に出国税が及ぶことがある\n母国の申告（米国FBAR/FATCA等）が続くこともある","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/persona/expat","relationships":{"courses":["course:nisa-foundations","course:understanding-taxes","course:cross-border-tax"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:start-investing","roadmap:leaving-japan"]},"sources":[],"type":"persona","cluster":"","text":"2か国をまたぐ、中期の居住者。\n日本で腰を据えて働き、数年在住する可能性があり、日本と母国にまたがるお金や義務がある方。\n基本は整いました。次に出てくるのが国際的な問いです。いずれ帰国するかもしれないのに日本で投資すべきか。NISAと母国の口座はどう関係するか。転居したら税はどうなるか。\n強みは、出国を見据えて計画することです。居住中に税制優遇のある制度を使いつつ、出国の日に混乱を残さないようにします。\n税務上の居住区分と、5年の節目を明確にする\n一時的かもしれない在住に、NISA/iDeCoをどう組み込むか決める\n母国との口座と申告を整合させる\n早期の出国に伴う税・年金の影響を計画する\n出国はNISA/iDeCoの資格を変える。先に規定を確認\n出国時、多額の資産に出国税が及ぶことがある\n母国の申告（米国FBAR/FATCA等）が続くこともある","url":"/ja/learn/persona/expat"},{"id":"persona:born-in-japan:ja","entityId":"persona:born-in-japan","entityType":"persona","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本で生まれ育った","plainText":"身近な制度を、もっと味方につける。\n日常は分かっているが、NISA・控除・長期投資をもっと自信を持って使いたい方。\n日々のお金に慣れていても、投資や税の最適化に慣れているとは限りません。生涯ここに住む多くの人が、すべてを低金利の預金に置いたまま、NISAを開いたことがありません。\nチャンスは、眠っている預金を税制優遇口座で働かせ、制度がすでに用意している控除を使うことです。\nNISAを開設し、長期・非課税で運用する\n毎年、ふるさと納税などの控除を活用する\n生活防衛資金を作り、余剰を投資に回す\n公的年金に加え、老後に向けてiDeCoを検討する\n預金だけの貯蓄は、数十年でインフレに静かに負ける\n手数料の高い保険連動の「投資」商品に注意\n分散の代わりに個別株の情報を追いかけない","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/persona/born-in-japan","relationships":{"courses":["course:nisa-foundations","course:first-time-investing","course:understanding-taxes"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:start-investing"]},"sources":[],"type":"persona","cluster":"","text":"身近な制度を、もっと味方につける。\n日常は分かっているが、NISA・控除・長期投資をもっと自信を持って使いたい方。\n日々のお金に慣れていても、投資や税の最適化に慣れているとは限りません。生涯ここに住む多くの人が、すべてを低金利の預金に置いたまま、NISAを開いたことがありません。\nチャンスは、眠っている預金を税制優遇口座で働かせ、制度がすでに用意している控除を使うことです。\nNISAを開設し、長期・非課税で運用する\n毎年、ふるさと納税などの控除を活用する\n生活防衛資金を作り、余剰を投資に回す\n公的年金に加え、老後に向けてiDeCoを検討する\n預金だけの貯蓄は、数十年でインフレに静かに負ける\n手数料の高い保険連動の「投資」商品に注意\n分散の代わりに個別株の情報を追いかけない","url":"/ja/learn/persona/born-in-japan"},{"id":"persona:fresh-grad:ja","entityId":"persona:fresh-grad","entityType":"persona","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"新社会人","plainText":"初めての給料と、一生の習慣。\n初めて正社員として働き始め（新社会人）、給与明細・貯蓄・投資を同時に学んでいる方。\n収入はまだ多くなくても、投資期間は非常に長く、後の高給よりも早い時期の習慣が価値を持ちます。今の少額が数十年かけて複利で育ちます。\n最初の給与明細は良い教材です。税・年金・保険がはっきり示されます。それを理解すれば、「お金がどこへ消えた」が計画に変わります。\n給与明細を読み、各控除を理解する\n給料日から少額の貯蓄を自動化する\nNISAを開き、少額から着実に積み立てる\n最初のクレジットカードを持ち、必ず全額払いにする\n生活水準の上昇が、貯める前に昇給を食う\n住民税は社会人2年目から。備えておく\nリボ払いや手数料の高い貯蓄型保険を避ける","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/persona/fresh-grad","relationships":{"courses":["course:budgeting-and-saving","course:understanding-taxes","course:nisa-foundations","course:first-time-investing"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:start-investing"]},"sources":[],"type":"persona","cluster":"","text":"初めての給料と、一生の習慣。\n初めて正社員として働き始め（新社会人）、給与明細・貯蓄・投資を同時に学んでいる方。\n収入はまだ多くなくても、投資期間は非常に長く、後の高給よりも早い時期の習慣が価値を持ちます。今の少額が数十年かけて複利で育ちます。\n最初の給与明細は良い教材です。税・年金・保険がはっきり示されます。それを理解すれば、「お金がどこへ消えた」が計画に変わります。\n給与明細を読み、各控除を理解する\n給料日から少額の貯蓄を自動化する\nNISAを開き、少額から着実に積み立てる\n最初のクレジットカードを持ち、必ず全額払いにする\n生活水準の上昇が、貯める前に昇給を食う\n住民税は社会人2年目から。備えておく\nリボ払いや手数料の高い貯蓄型保険を避ける","url":"/ja/learn/persona/fresh-grad"},{"id":"persona:thirties:ja","entityId":"persona:thirties","entityType":"persona","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"30代","plainText":"築く時期。家庭を持つことも。\n収入と選択肢（住まい・家族・老後）があり、それらを無理なく組み合わせたい方。\n判断が大きくなる10年です。賃貸か購入か、扶養家族の保険、住まいと老後の両方への資金。単純なルールに代わって、トレードオフが増えます。\n目標は、ばらばらの商品ではなく一貫した計画です。生活防衛資金、税制優遇の投資、身の丈に合った保険、そして住宅ローンの全体像を明確にすることです。\n扶養家族に合わせて保険を適正化する。過不足なく\nNISAで投資を続け、iDeCoも検討する\n住宅ローンの前に、賃貸か購入かを正直に試算する\nふるさと納税や家族関連の控除を使う\n過剰な保険は、よくある高くつく失敗\n住宅ローンは在留資格と金利タイプが要\n住宅のために老後資金を完全に止めない","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/persona/thirties","relationships":{"courses":["course:budgeting-and-saving","course:nisa-foundations","course:understanding-taxes"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:buying-a-home","roadmap:start-investing"]},"sources":[],"type":"persona","cluster":"","text":"築く時期。家庭を持つことも。\n収入と選択肢（住まい・家族・老後）があり、それらを無理なく組み合わせたい方。\n判断が大きくなる10年です。賃貸か購入か、扶養家族の保険、住まいと老後の両方への資金。単純なルールに代わって、トレードオフが増えます。\n目標は、ばらばらの商品ではなく一貫した計画です。生活防衛資金、税制優遇の投資、身の丈に合った保険、そして住宅ローンの全体像を明確にすることです。\n扶養家族に合わせて保険を適正化する。過不足なく\nNISAで投資を続け、iDeCoも検討する\n住宅ローンの前に、賃貸か購入かを正直に試算する\nふるさと納税や家族関連の控除を使う\n過剰な保険は、よくある高くつく失敗\n住宅ローンは在留資格と金利タイプが要\n住宅のために老後資金を完全に止めない","url":"/ja/learn/persona/thirties"},{"id":"persona:first-time-investor:ja","entityId":"persona:first-time-investor","entityType":"persona","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"はじめての投資家","plainText":"貯める人から、投資する人へ。落ち着いて。\n貯蓄があり投資を始める準備はできているが、お金を入れる前にリスクを理解したい方。\n投資で最も難しいのはファンド選びではなく、相場が下がっても動じずにいられるだけリスクを理解することです。そこを押さえれば、あとはほぼ忍耐です。\n道のりは短いです。生活防衛資金があることを確認し、普遍的な考え方（分散・低コスト・複利）を学び、NISAの中で少額から始めて続けるだけです。\n1円でも投資する前に、生活防衛資金を確認する\nリスク・分散・低コストのインデックスを学ぶ\nNISAを開き、幅広い定番ファンドを選ぶ\n毎月の投資を自動化し、雑音を無視する\n「高リターン・ノーリスク」は必ず詐欺\n数年以内に使うお金は投資しない\n下落時のパニック売りが最も高くつく","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/persona/first-time-investor","relationships":{"courses":["course:first-time-investing","course:nisa-foundations","course:budgeting-and-saving"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:start-investing"]},"sources":[],"type":"persona","cluster":"","text":"貯める人から、投資する人へ。落ち着いて。\n貯蓄があり投資を始める準備はできているが、お金を入れる前にリスクを理解したい方。\n投資で最も難しいのはファンド選びではなく、相場が下がっても動じずにいられるだけリスクを理解することです。そこを押さえれば、あとはほぼ忍耐です。\n道のりは短いです。生活防衛資金があることを確認し、普遍的な考え方（分散・低コスト・複利）を学び、NISAの中で少額から始めて続けるだけです。\n1円でも投資する前に、生活防衛資金を確認する\nリスク・分散・低コストのインデックスを学ぶ\nNISAを開き、幅広い定番ファンドを選ぶ\n毎月の投資を自動化し、雑音を無視する\n「高リターン・ノーリスク」は必ず詐欺\n数年以内に使うお金は投資しない\n下落時のパニック売りが最も高くつく","url":"/ja/learn/persona/first-time-investor"},{"id":"persona:international-student:ja","entityId":"persona:international-student","entityType":"persona","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"留学生","plainText":"学業・アルバイト・ビザに合ったお金。\n留学ビザで日本に学び、限られた予算とアルバイトの制限を管理している方。\n学生のお金は、限られた予算で基本をきちんと行うことが中心です。使える銀行口座、家族や母国からの安い送金、そしてビザで認められた範囲内でのアルバイトです。\n今のうちに良い習慣と薄い信用履歴を作っておけば、卒業後も日本に残る場合に役立ちます。\n学生でも作りやすい銀行口座を開く\n母国からの仕送りに、低コストの送金を設定する\nビザで認められたアルバイト時間を管理する\n対象なら初心者向けカードを持ち、全額払いにする\n認められた労働時間の超過はビザのリスク\n少額・頻繁な送金の為替上乗せに注意\n一定額を超えて稼ぐ場合の税ルールを知る","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/persona/international-student","relationships":{"courses":["course:money-basics-japan","course:budgeting-and-saving","course:credit-and-cards"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:moving-to-japan"]},"sources":[],"type":"persona","cluster":"","text":"学業・アルバイト・ビザに合ったお金。\n留学ビザで日本に学び、限られた予算とアルバイトの制限を管理している方。\n学生のお金は、限られた予算で基本をきちんと行うことが中心です。使える銀行口座、家族や母国からの安い送金、そしてビザで認められた範囲内でのアルバイトです。\n今のうちに良い習慣と薄い信用履歴を作っておけば、卒業後も日本に残る場合に役立ちます。\n学生でも作りやすい銀行口座を開く\n母国からの仕送りに、低コストの送金を設定する\nビザで認められたアルバイト時間を管理する\n対象なら初心者向けカードを持ち、全額払いにする\n認められた労働時間の超過はビザのリスク\n少額・頻繁な送金の為替上乗せに注意\n一定額を超えて稼ぐ場合の税ルールを知る","url":"/ja/learn/persona/international-student"},{"id":"persona:dual-citizen:ja","entityId":"persona:dual-citizen","entityType":"persona","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"二重国籍・国際的な立場","plainText":"2つの制度を、1つの明確な計画に。\n2つの国とのつながり（国籍・家族・資産）があり、税が国境をまたぐ方。\n国際的な生活はルールを増やします。2つの税制、二重課税の可能性、そして納税額がなくても生じ得る申告義務です。米国市民が最も強く直面しますが、二重のつながりがあれば注意が必要です。\n勝ち筋は、早めに義務を洗い出し、記録をきれいに保つことです。何年も後に申告義務に気づくのは避けたいものです。国際税務の有資格者の力が最も生きる立場でもあります。\n各国での税務上の居住区分を確定する\n両国間の租税条約と外国税額控除を理解する\nすべての申告義務（米国FBAR/FATCA等）を把握する\n多額の投資があれば、日本の出国税に備える\n納税額ゼロでも申告漏れに罰則が及び得る\n日本のNISA優遇は国外で認められないことがある\n国際申告の自己流は、高くつく誤りが潜む場所","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/persona/dual-citizen","relationships":{"courses":["course:cross-border-tax","course:understanding-taxes","course:nisa-foundations"],"roadmaps":["roadmap:leaving-japan"]},"sources":[],"type":"persona","cluster":"","text":"2つの制度を、1つの明確な計画に。\n2つの国とのつながり（国籍・家族・資産）があり、税が国境をまたぐ方。\n国際的な生活はルールを増やします。2つの税制、二重課税の可能性、そして納税額がなくても生じ得る申告義務です。米国市民が最も強く直面しますが、二重のつながりがあれば注意が必要です。\n勝ち筋は、早めに義務を洗い出し、記録をきれいに保つことです。何年も後に申告義務に気づくのは避けたいものです。国際税務の有資格者の力が最も生きる立場でもあります。\n各国での税務上の居住区分を確定する\n両国間の租税条約と外国税額控除を理解する\nすべての申告義務（米国FBAR/FATCA等）を把握する\n多額の投資があれば、日本の出国税に備える\n納税額ゼロでも申告漏れに罰則が及び得る\n日本のNISA優遇は国外で認められないことがある\n国際申告の自己流は、高くつく誤りが潜む場所","url":"/ja/learn/persona/dual-citizen"},{"id":"course:money-basics-japan:ja","entityId":"course:money-basics-japan","entityType":"course","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本のお金の基本","plainText":"日本での日常のお金の仕組み。銀行、現金文化、マイナンバー、避けて通れない支払いを学びます。\n来日後の数か月で必要な口座とカードを整えられる\n収入から引かれる税金と保険を理解できる\n重要な公的書類と、その理由がわかる\n銀行口座と現金中心の文化\n日本は多くの国よりも、いまだに現金と銀行振込が中心です。銀行口座は、給与・家賃・光熱費・カード引き落としの拠点になります。\nメガバンクは支店が多く、ネット銀行や英語対応の銀行は、来日直後の最初の口座として作りやすいことが多いです。開設には在留カードが必要で、印鑑を求められることもあります（署名で対応できるネット銀行も増えています）。\n口座振替による自動支払いや給与振込は一般的です。早めに設定しておくと、支払い忘れや延滞手数料を防げます。\n銀行口座は給与・家賃・支払いの拠点\n在留カードを持参。印鑑を求められることもある\n口座振替を早めに設定して支払い忘れを防ぐ\nマイナンバーと重要書類\nマイナンバーは、税・社会保険・一部の金融口座で使う12桁の番号です。銀行や証券会社で提示を求められます。カードや通知書は大切に、他人に見せずに保管しましょう。\nほかに常に使う書類が2つあります。在留資格と住所を証明する在留カードと、収入を証明する源泉徴収票（勤務先が年末に発行する書類）です。\n引っ越したら、14日以内に市区町村役場と在留カードの住所を更新します。銀行・保険・税のいずれにも、最新の住所が必要です。\nマイナンバーは税・金融口座に必要\n在留カードの住所は14日以内に更新\n源泉徴収票は公式な収入証明\n収入から引かれるもの\n会社員の場合、給与明細には手取り前の控除が並びます。所得税・住民税・健康保険・厚生年金です。合計で収入に応じておおよそ15〜30%になります。\n住民税は前年の所得をもとに請求されるため、2年目に驚くことがあります。出国後に届くこともあるので、あらかじめ備えましょう。\n会社員は年末調整で税がほぼ自動精算されるため、確定申告をしない人も多くいます。追加の控除を受けるために申告することもできます。\n控除は収入の約15〜30%になり得る\n住民税は1年遅れで、出国後に請求されることも\n会社員は年末調整でほぼ精算される","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/courses/money-basics-japan","relationships":{"personas":["persona:new-to-japan","persona:international-student","persona:expat"]},"sources":[],"type":"course","cluster":"","text":"日本での日常のお金の仕組み。銀行、現金文化、マイナンバー、避けて通れない支払いを学びます。\n来日後の数か月で必要な口座とカードを整えられる\n収入から引かれる税金と保険を理解できる\n重要な公的書類と、その理由がわかる\n銀行口座と現金中心の文化\n日本は多くの国よりも、いまだに現金と銀行振込が中心です。銀行口座は、給与・家賃・光熱費・カード引き落としの拠点になります。\nメガバンクは支店が多く、ネット銀行や英語対応の銀行は、来日直後の最初の口座として作りやすいことが多いです。開設には在留カードが必要で、印鑑を求められることもあります（署名で対応できるネット銀行も増えています）。\n口座振替による自動支払いや給与振込は一般的です。早めに設定しておくと、支払い忘れや延滞手数料を防げます。\n銀行口座は給与・家賃・支払いの拠点\n在留カードを持参。印鑑を求められることもある\n口座振替を早めに設定して支払い忘れを防ぐ\nマイナンバーと重要書類\nマイナンバーは、税・社会保険・一部の金融口座で使う12桁の番号です。銀行や証券会社で提示を求められます。カードや通知書は大切に、他人に見せずに保管しましょう。\nほかに常に使う書類が2つあります。在留資格と住所を証明する在留カードと、収入を証明する源泉徴収票（勤務先が年末に発行する書類）です。\n引っ越したら、14日以内に市区町村役場と在留カードの住所を更新します。銀行・保険・税のいずれにも、最新の住所が必要です。\nマイナンバーは税・金融口座に必要\n在留カードの住所は14日以内に更新\n源泉徴収票は公式な収入証明\n収入から引かれるもの\n会社員の場合、給与明細には手取り前の控除が並びます。所得税・住民税・健康保険・厚生年金です。合計で収入に応じておおよそ15〜30%になります。\n住民税は前年の所得をもとに請求されるため、2年目に驚くことがあります。出国後に届くこともあるので、あらかじめ備えましょう。\n会社員は年末調整で税がほぼ自動精算されるため、確定申告をしない人も多くいます。追加の控除を受けるために申告することもできます。\n控除は収入の約15〜30%になり得る\n住民税は1年遅れで、出国後に請求されることも\n会社員は年末調整でほぼ精算される","url":"/ja/learn/courses/money-basics-japan"},{"id":"course:budgeting-and-saving:ja","entityId":"course:budgeting-and-saving","entityType":"course","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"家計管理と生活防衛資金","plainText":"支出を把握し、固定費を抑え、投資の前に安全な備えを作るためのシンプルな仕組み。\n固定費と変動費を分け、すぐできる節約を見つけられる\n自分に合った生活防衛資金の金額を決められる\n意志の力に頼らず、貯蓄を自動化できる\n固定費こそ効く\n日本での家計管理は、まず固定費（家賃・通信・保険・サブスク）に手をつけるのが最も効果的です。格安SIMへの乗り換え1回で、コーヒーを何か月我慢するより大きく節約できます。\n銀行とカードの明細から、毎月の定期的な支払いをすべて書き出します。使っていないものは解約し、残りは見直しや乗り換えをします。固定費の節約は、以後ずっと自動で効き続けます。\n固定費を絞ってはじめて、変動費（食費・娯楽費）の見直しに注力する価値が出てきます。\nまず固定費を削る。節約が毎月続く\n格安SIMは毎日の節約より効くことが多い\n変動費は固定費を絞ってから見直す\n生活防衛資金はいくら必要？\n生活防衛資金は、失業・医療費・急な引っ越しに備えて、すぐ使える形で持っておく現金です。目安としてよく挙げられるのは、生活に必要な支出の3〜6か月分です。\nフリーランスや片働き世帯は、収入が読みにくいため、6〜12か月分と多めを目標にすることが多いです。雇用が非常に安定し、公的医療保険がある人は、下限に近くても安心できる場合があります。\n投資には回さず、すぐ引き出せる普通預金に置きます。役割は増やすことではなく、安全性とスピードです。\n生活必需費の3〜6か月分が目安\nフリーランス・片働きは多めに\nすぐ引き出せる現金で持つ\n自動化して続ける\n意志の力は続きませんが、仕組みは続きます。給料日に、使ってしまう前に貯蓄へお金を移す自動積立を使いましょう。「先取り貯蓄」と呼ばれます。\n多くの銀行や証券会社で、毎月一定額の自動振替を設定できます。まったく負担にならない金額から始め、収入が増えたら増やしていきます。\n口座と連携する家計簿アプリを使えば、記録が手間ではなく一目で済むようになります。\n給料日の自動振替で「先取り貯蓄」\n無理のない額から始め、昇給ごとに増やす\n連携型の家計簿アプリで記録を楽に","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/courses/budgeting-and-saving","relationships":{"personas":["persona:fresh-grad","persona:new-to-japan","persona:thirties","persona:born-in-japan"]},"sources":[],"type":"course","cluster":"","text":"支出を把握し、固定費を抑え、投資の前に安全な備えを作るためのシンプルな仕組み。\n固定費と変動費を分け、すぐできる節約を見つけられる\n自分に合った生活防衛資金の金額を決められる\n意志の力に頼らず、貯蓄を自動化できる\n固定費こそ効く\n日本での家計管理は、まず固定費（家賃・通信・保険・サブスク）に手をつけるのが最も効果的です。格安SIMへの乗り換え1回で、コーヒーを何か月我慢するより大きく節約できます。\n銀行とカードの明細から、毎月の定期的な支払いをすべて書き出します。使っていないものは解約し、残りは見直しや乗り換えをします。固定費の節約は、以後ずっと自動で効き続けます。\n固定費を絞ってはじめて、変動費（食費・娯楽費）の見直しに注力する価値が出てきます。\nまず固定費を削る。節約が毎月続く\n格安SIMは毎日の節約より効くことが多い\n変動費は固定費を絞ってから見直す\n生活防衛資金はいくら必要？\n生活防衛資金は、失業・医療費・急な引っ越しに備えて、すぐ使える形で持っておく現金です。目安としてよく挙げられるのは、生活に必要な支出の3〜6か月分です。\nフリーランスや片働き世帯は、収入が読みにくいため、6〜12か月分と多めを目標にすることが多いです。雇用が非常に安定し、公的医療保険がある人は、下限に近くても安心できる場合があります。\n投資には回さず、すぐ引き出せる普通預金に置きます。役割は増やすことではなく、安全性とスピードです。\n生活必需費の3〜6か月分が目安\nフリーランス・片働きは多めに\nすぐ引き出せる現金で持つ\n自動化して続ける\n意志の力は続きませんが、仕組みは続きます。給料日に、使ってしまう前に貯蓄へお金を移す自動積立を使いましょう。「先取り貯蓄」と呼ばれます。\n多くの銀行や証券会社で、毎月一定額の自動振替を設定できます。まったく負担にならない金額から始め、収入が増えたら増やしていきます。\n口座と連携する家計簿アプリを使えば、記録が手間ではなく一目で済むようになります。\n給料日の自動振替で「先取り貯蓄」\n無理のない額から始め、昇給ごとに増やす\n連携型の家計簿アプリで記録を楽に","url":"/ja/learn/courses/budgeting-and-saving"},{"id":"course:understanding-taxes:ja","entityId":"course:understanding-taxes","entityType":"course","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の税金を理解する","plainText":"所得税・住民税・年末調整、そして多くの人が使い逃す控除をやさしく解説します。\n所得税と住民税の違いを説明できる\n自分で確定申告が必要になる場合を理解できる\nふるさと納税や医療費控除などをうまく使える\n所得にかかる2つの税\n所得税は国の税で、累進課税です。所得が高いほど税率が上がります。給与から源泉徴収され、年末に精算されます。\n住民税は地方の税で、課税所得のおおむね一律10%です。重要な点として、前年の所得をもとに翌年6月から請求されます。来日1年目は少なく、2年目に大きく増えることがよくあります。\nどちらも額面ではなく、控除後の所得に対して計算されます。だからこそ控除が重要になります。\n所得税は国税で累進課税\n住民税は約10%で1年遅れ\nどちらも控除後の所得に課税\n年末調整と確定申告\nほとんどの会社員は確定申告をしません。勤務先が年末調整を行い、源泉徴収された税とその年の控除を精算します。\n一般に、フリーランス、一定額を超える副収入がある人、勤務先が2つある人、年末調整で扱えない控除を受けたい人は、3月中旬までに自分で確定申告をする必要があります。\n申告はe‑Taxによるオンライン、または紙で行います。源泉徴収票と領収書は保管しておきましょう。年末調整にも確定申告にも使う元資料です。\n会社員は通常、年末調整で精算\nフリーランスや副収入があれば確定申告\n締切は3月中旬。e‑Taxでオンライン可\n見落とされがちな控除\nふるさと納税は、住民税の一部を自分で選んだ自治体に振り向け、返礼品を受け取れる制度です。自己負担は実質2,000円です。ワンストップ特例か確定申告のいずれかが必要です。\n医療費控除は、1年間の世帯の医療費が一定額を超えた場合に使えます。保険料、一部の住宅ローン、扶養親族なども控除の対象になります。\nこれらは抜け穴ではなく、制度が設計どおりに機能しているものです。自分の生活に合う控除を2〜3個学ぶことは、家計管理で最も費用対効果の高い1時間になることが多いです。\nふるさと納税は実質2,000円で住民税を振替\n一定額を超える医療費は控除対象\n自分に合う控除を2〜3個学ぶ","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/courses/understanding-taxes","relationships":{"personas":["persona:fresh-grad","persona:born-in-japan","persona:thirties","persona:expat"]},"sources":[],"type":"course","cluster":"","text":"所得税・住民税・年末調整、そして多くの人が使い逃す控除をやさしく解説します。\n所得税と住民税の違いを説明できる\n自分で確定申告が必要になる場合を理解できる\nふるさと納税や医療費控除などをうまく使える\n所得にかかる2つの税\n所得税は国の税で、累進課税です。所得が高いほど税率が上がります。給与から源泉徴収され、年末に精算されます。\n住民税は地方の税で、課税所得のおおむね一律10%です。重要な点として、前年の所得をもとに翌年6月から請求されます。来日1年目は少なく、2年目に大きく増えることがよくあります。\nどちらも額面ではなく、控除後の所得に対して計算されます。だからこそ控除が重要になります。\n所得税は国税で累進課税\n住民税は約10%で1年遅れ\nどちらも控除後の所得に課税\n年末調整と確定申告\nほとんどの会社員は確定申告をしません。勤務先が年末調整を行い、源泉徴収された税とその年の控除を精算します。\n一般に、フリーランス、一定額を超える副収入がある人、勤務先が2つある人、年末調整で扱えない控除を受けたい人は、3月中旬までに自分で確定申告をする必要があります。\n申告はe‑Taxによるオンライン、または紙で行います。源泉徴収票と領収書は保管しておきましょう。年末調整にも確定申告にも使う元資料です。\n会社員は通常、年末調整で精算\nフリーランスや副収入があれば確定申告\n締切は3月中旬。e‑Taxでオンライン可\n見落とされがちな控除\nふるさと納税は、住民税の一部を自分で選んだ自治体に振り向け、返礼品を受け取れる制度です。自己負担は実質2,000円です。ワンストップ特例か確定申告のいずれかが必要です。\n医療費控除は、1年間の世帯の医療費が一定額を超えた場合に使えます。保険料、一部の住宅ローン、扶養親族なども控除の対象になります。\nこれらは抜け穴ではなく、制度が設計どおりに機能しているものです。自分の生活に合う控除を2〜3個学ぶことは、家計管理で最も費用対効果の高い1時間になることが多いです。\nふるさと納税は実質2,000円で住民税を振替\n一定額を超える医療費は控除対象\n自分に合う控除を2〜3個学ぶ","url":"/ja/learn/courses/understanding-taxes"},{"id":"course:credit-and-cards:ja","entityId":"course:credit-and-cards","entityType":"course","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本の信用とカード","plainText":"日本の信用情報の仕組み、審査の通し方、リボ払いの落とし穴の避け方を学びます。\n日本の信用情報が何を記録するか理解できる\nカードやローンの審査に通りやすくする\nリボ払いのコストを避けられる\n日本の信用情報の仕組み\n日本にはCICやJICCといった信用情報機関があり、カード・ローン・支払い遅延の有無を記録します。国によっては頻繁に確認する有名な「スコア」がありますが、日本では、きれいな支払い履歴が静かに道を開きます。\n新規居住者の履歴は薄い状態から始まります。作りやすいカードを1枚持ち、毎月全額支払うのが、履歴を作る標準的な方法です。後により良いカード・携帯契約・住宅ローンで役立ちます。\n延滞や債務不履行は何年も記録されます。自動引き落としの支払い忘れ1回は、避けるのは簡単でも、直すには時間もお金もかかります。\nCIC・JICCがカード・ローン・支払い状況を記録\nカード1枚を毎月全額払いで履歴を作る\n延滞は何年も残る。自動化で防ぐ\n審査に通るには\n審査は資産よりも安定性を重視します。勤務先の安定、住所の一貫性、日本での在住期間が有利に働きます。頻繁な転居や来日直後は、最初の申込で不利になることがあります。\nプレミアムカードではなく、新規居住者でも作りやすい、あるいは英語対応のカードから始めましょう。否決自体が記録に残るため、通りやすいところから申し込みます。\nすでに使っている銀行・小売・通信会社が発行するカードは、既存の取引を確認できるため、通りやすいことが多いです。\n審査では収入より安定性\nまず作りやすいカードへ。否決も記録される\n取引のある会社のカードは通りやすい\nリボ払いの落とし穴\nリボ払いは、残高を毎月少額に分けて支払う方法で、年15%前後の高い金利がかかります。初期設定になっていたり、ポイントで強く勧められたりすることがよくあります。\n安全な習慣は、毎月全額を支払う一括払いです。カードの設定を確認しましょう。知らないうちにリボ払いに登録されていたり、購入が自動でリボに変わったりするカードもあります。\n分割払いやリボ払いは、全額払いとは違います。ルールを1つだけ覚えるなら、「毎月、請求額を全額支払う」にしましょう。\nリボは約15%の金利。初期設定のことも\n設定を確認。自動登録のカードもある\nルールは1つ、毎月全額払い","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/courses/credit-and-cards","relationships":{"personas":["persona:new-to-japan","persona:fresh-grad","persona:international-student","persona:expat"]},"sources":[],"type":"course","cluster":"","text":"日本の信用情報の仕組み、審査の通し方、リボ払いの落とし穴の避け方を学びます。\n日本の信用情報が何を記録するか理解できる\nカードやローンの審査に通りやすくする\nリボ払いのコストを避けられる\n日本の信用情報の仕組み\n日本にはCICやJICCといった信用情報機関があり、カード・ローン・支払い遅延の有無を記録します。国によっては頻繁に確認する有名な「スコア」がありますが、日本では、きれいな支払い履歴が静かに道を開きます。\n新規居住者の履歴は薄い状態から始まります。作りやすいカードを1枚持ち、毎月全額支払うのが、履歴を作る標準的な方法です。後により良いカード・携帯契約・住宅ローンで役立ちます。\n延滞や債務不履行は何年も記録されます。自動引き落としの支払い忘れ1回は、避けるのは簡単でも、直すには時間もお金もかかります。\nCIC・JICCがカード・ローン・支払い状況を記録\nカード1枚を毎月全額払いで履歴を作る\n延滞は何年も残る。自動化で防ぐ\n審査に通るには\n審査は資産よりも安定性を重視します。勤務先の安定、住所の一貫性、日本での在住期間が有利に働きます。頻繁な転居や来日直後は、最初の申込で不利になることがあります。\nプレミアムカードではなく、新規居住者でも作りやすい、あるいは英語対応のカードから始めましょう。否決自体が記録に残るため、通りやすいところから申し込みます。\nすでに使っている銀行・小売・通信会社が発行するカードは、既存の取引を確認できるため、通りやすいことが多いです。\n審査では収入より安定性\nまず作りやすいカードへ。否決も記録される\n取引のある会社のカードは通りやすい\nリボ払いの落とし穴\nリボ払いは、残高を毎月少額に分けて支払う方法で、年15%前後の高い金利がかかります。初期設定になっていたり、ポイントで強く勧められたりすることがよくあります。\n安全な習慣は、毎月全額を支払う一括払いです。カードの設定を確認しましょう。知らないうちにリボ払いに登録されていたり、購入が自動でリボに変わったりするカードもあります。\n分割払いやリボ払いは、全額払いとは違います。ルールを1つだけ覚えるなら、「毎月、請求額を全額支払う」にしましょう。\nリボは約15%の金利。初期設定のことも\n設定を確認。自動登録のカードもある\nルールは1つ、毎月全額払い","url":"/ja/learn/courses/credit-and-cards"},{"id":"course:nisa-foundations:ja","entityId":"course:nisa-foundations","entityType":"course","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAの基礎","plainText":"日本の非課税投資口座。制度の中身、2024年の新NISA、始め方を学びます。\nNISAとは何か、非課税の意味を説明できる\n成長投資枠とつみたて枠、上限額を理解できる\n最初の口座と無難なファンドの種類を選べる\nNISAとは何か、なぜ重要か\n通常、日本では投資の利益に約20%の税がかかります。NISA口座内では、対象となる利益や配当が非課税になります。数十年単位で見ると、その20%を投資に残せることが大きな差になります。\nNISAは投資そのものではなく「器」です。証券会社でNISA口座を開き、その中でファンドや株を買います。税優遇は、何を買うかではなく、どこで持つかから生まれます。\n2024年の「新NISA」は、制度を恒久化し、枠を拡大し、以前より簡素にしました。古いガイドが誤解を招くのはこのためです。\nNISAは対象の利益・配当を非課税に\n「器」であり、中身は自分で選ぶ\n2024年の新制度は恒久・拡大・簡素\n2つの枠と上限\n新NISAには、同じ年に使える2つの枠があります。定期的に低コストのファンドへ積み立てる「つみたて投資枠」と、個別株を含む幅広い対象を買える「成長投資枠」です。\n両方を合わせた年間の上限と、より大きな生涯の保有上限（非課税保有限度額）があります。売却すると、その生涯の枠は翌年に復活します。旧制度にはなかった柔軟さです。\n多くの初心者にとっては、つみたて投資枠で、幅広く低コストのインデックスファンドに毎月コツコツ投資するのが無難な選択です。上限を使い切らなくても恩恵は得られます。\nつみたて枠=積立、成長枠=幅広い対象\n年間・生涯の上限。売却枠は翌年復活\nつみたてで幅広いインデックスが無難\n口座開設と最初の一歩\nNISA口座は1年に1社でしか持てないため、選択が重要です。楽天・SBI・マネックスなどのネット証券は、手数料の安さ、ファンドの品揃え、アプリの使いやすさで人気があります。\n開設にはマイナンバーと本人確認書類が必要で、税務署の確認に数日かかることがあります。開設後は毎月の金額とファンドを設定すれば、自動で運用されます。\n居住状況は重要です。NISAは日本の居住者向けで、出国は口座に影響します。出国の予定があるなら、事前に手続きを確認しましょう。\nNISAは年1社。慎重に選ぶ\nマイナンバーと税務署確認（数日）が必要\nNISAは居住者向け。出国には規定あり","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/courses/nisa-foundations","relationships":{"personas":["persona:first-time-investor","persona:fresh-grad","persona:thirties","persona:expat","persona:born-in-japan"]},"sources":[],"type":"course","cluster":"","text":"日本の非課税投資口座。制度の中身、2024年の新NISA、始め方を学びます。\nNISAとは何か、非課税の意味を説明できる\n成長投資枠とつみたて枠、上限額を理解できる\n最初の口座と無難なファンドの種類を選べる\nNISAとは何か、なぜ重要か\n通常、日本では投資の利益に約20%の税がかかります。NISA口座内では、対象となる利益や配当が非課税になります。数十年単位で見ると、その20%を投資に残せることが大きな差になります。\nNISAは投資そのものではなく「器」です。証券会社でNISA口座を開き、その中でファンドや株を買います。税優遇は、何を買うかではなく、どこで持つかから生まれます。\n2024年の「新NISA」は、制度を恒久化し、枠を拡大し、以前より簡素にしました。古いガイドが誤解を招くのはこのためです。\nNISAは対象の利益・配当を非課税に\n「器」であり、中身は自分で選ぶ\n2024年の新制度は恒久・拡大・簡素\n2つの枠と上限\n新NISAには、同じ年に使える2つの枠があります。定期的に低コストのファンドへ積み立てる「つみたて投資枠」と、個別株を含む幅広い対象を買える「成長投資枠」です。\n両方を合わせた年間の上限と、より大きな生涯の保有上限（非課税保有限度額）があります。売却すると、その生涯の枠は翌年に復活します。旧制度にはなかった柔軟さです。\n多くの初心者にとっては、つみたて投資枠で、幅広く低コストのインデックスファンドに毎月コツコツ投資するのが無難な選択です。上限を使い切らなくても恩恵は得られます。\nつみたて枠=積立、成長枠=幅広い対象\n年間・生涯の上限。売却枠は翌年復活\nつみたてで幅広いインデックスが無難\n口座開設と最初の一歩\nNISA口座は1年に1社でしか持てないため、選択が重要です。楽天・SBI・マネックスなどのネット証券は、手数料の安さ、ファンドの品揃え、アプリの使いやすさで人気があります。\n開設にはマイナンバーと本人確認書類が必要で、税務署の確認に数日かかることがあります。開設後は毎月の金額とファンドを設定すれば、自動で運用されます。\n居住状況は重要です。NISAは日本の居住者向けで、出国は口座に影響します。出国の予定があるなら、事前に手続きを確認しましょう。\nNISAは年1社。慎重に選ぶ\nマイナンバーと税務署確認（数日）が必要\nNISAは居住者向け。出国には規定あり","url":"/ja/learn/courses/nisa-foundations"},{"id":"course:first-time-investing:ja","entityId":"course:first-time-investing","entityType":"course","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"はじめての投資 101","plainText":"リスク・分散・インデックスファンド・複利。堅実な投資を支える普遍的な考え方を学びます。\nリスクとリターンの関係を正直に理解できる\n低コストで分散されたインデックスファンドが定番の理由がわかる\n相場のタイミングより、時間と複利の力を理解できる\nリスク・リターンと正直さ\n高いリターンの可能性には、高いリスク、とくに短期的な損失の可能性が伴います。「リスクなしで高リターン」をうたうものは、投資ではなく詐欺の説明です。\n相場は上がるだけでなく下がるため、数年以内に使うかもしれないお金は、基本的に市場に置くべきではありません。それは生活防衛資金や短期の貯蓄の役割です。\n正直な投資期間と、残高が下がるのをどれだけ受け入れられるか。この2つが、取るべきリスクの大きさを決める入力になります。\n高リターンには高リスクが伴う\n「高リターン・ノーリスク」は詐欺のサイン\nすぐ使うお金は市場に置かない\n分散とインデックスファンド\n分散とは、1つの会社や国にすべてを賭けないことです。1つの株はゼロになり得ますが、数百〜数千に広げたかごは、はるかに安定します。\nインデックスファンドは、そのかごをまとめて買い、市場を上回ろうとせず市場に連動します。売買が少なくスター運用者も不要なため、手数料が非常に低く抑えられます。手数料は、自分でコントロールできる数少ない要素です。\n世界に分散された低コストのインデックスファンド。多くの初心者向けガイドが同じ「地味な」答えに行き着くのはこのためです。投資では、地味さは褒め言葉です。\n分散は単一の賭けのリスクを下げる\nインデックスは市場に安く連動\n低い手数料は数少ない自分で選べる要素\nタイミングより時間\n複利とは、利益がさらに利益を生むことです。十分な年数があれば、この曲線は、完璧な買い時を当てることよりもはるかに大きな仕事をします。\n安く買って高く売るというタイミング投資は、プロでさえ安定してできることは稀です。一定額を定期的に投資する積立（ドルコスト平均法）は、当て推量を避ける方法です。\n初心者の本当の強みは行動面にあります。早く始め、コストを低く保ち、投資を続け、下落時にパニック売りをしないこと。忍耐こそが戦略です。\n複利は市場にいる時間を報いる\n積立はタイミングの当て推量を避ける\n強みは行動面。早く始め、動じない","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/courses/first-time-investing","relationships":{"personas":["persona:first-time-investor","persona:fresh-grad","persona:thirties","persona:born-in-japan"]},"sources":[],"type":"course","cluster":"","text":"リスク・分散・インデックスファンド・複利。堅実な投資を支える普遍的な考え方を学びます。\nリスクとリターンの関係を正直に理解できる\n低コストで分散されたインデックスファンドが定番の理由がわかる\n相場のタイミングより、時間と複利の力を理解できる\nリスク・リターンと正直さ\n高いリターンの可能性には、高いリスク、とくに短期的な損失の可能性が伴います。「リスクなしで高リターン」をうたうものは、投資ではなく詐欺の説明です。\n相場は上がるだけでなく下がるため、数年以内に使うかもしれないお金は、基本的に市場に置くべきではありません。それは生活防衛資金や短期の貯蓄の役割です。\n正直な投資期間と、残高が下がるのをどれだけ受け入れられるか。この2つが、取るべきリスクの大きさを決める入力になります。\n高リターンには高リスクが伴う\n「高リターン・ノーリスク」は詐欺のサイン\nすぐ使うお金は市場に置かない\n分散とインデックスファンド\n分散とは、1つの会社や国にすべてを賭けないことです。1つの株はゼロになり得ますが、数百〜数千に広げたかごは、はるかに安定します。\nインデックスファンドは、そのかごをまとめて買い、市場を上回ろうとせず市場に連動します。売買が少なくスター運用者も不要なため、手数料が非常に低く抑えられます。手数料は、自分でコントロールできる数少ない要素です。\n世界に分散された低コストのインデックスファンド。多くの初心者向けガイドが同じ「地味な」答えに行き着くのはこのためです。投資では、地味さは褒め言葉です。\n分散は単一の賭けのリスクを下げる\nインデックスは市場に安く連動\n低い手数料は数少ない自分で選べる要素\nタイミングより時間\n複利とは、利益がさらに利益を生むことです。十分な年数があれば、この曲線は、完璧な買い時を当てることよりもはるかに大きな仕事をします。\n安く買って高く売るというタイミング投資は、プロでさえ安定してできることは稀です。一定額を定期的に投資する積立（ドルコスト平均法）は、当て推量を避ける方法です。\n初心者の本当の強みは行動面にあります。早く始め、コストを低く保ち、投資を続け、下落時にパニック売りをしないこと。忍耐こそが戦略です。\n複利は市場にいる時間を報いる\n積立はタイミングの当て推量を避ける\n強みは行動面。早く始め、動じない","url":"/ja/learn/courses/first-time-investing"},{"id":"course:cross-border-tax:ja","entityId":"course:cross-border-tax","entityType":"course","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"国際・駐在の税金","plainText":"税務上の居住区分、二重課税の調整、米国市民、二重国籍、出国税を、わかりやすく整理します。\nどの国がどの所得に課税できるかを判断できる\n租税条約と外国税額控除の考え方を理解できる\n米国市民・二重国籍者に特有の注意点を知る\n税務上の居住区分がほぼすべてを決める\n日本は国籍ではなく居住区分に基づいて課税します。個人を「非居住者」「非永住者」「永住者（税務上）」に分けます。これは在住期間や在住形態に基づく区分で、入管上の永住権とは別物です。\n大まかに、非永住者は日本国内源泉所得に加え、日本で支払われた・日本へ送金された国外所得に課税されます。永住者（税務上）は全世界所得に課税されます。最初の5年間が大きな意味を持つことがよくあります。\n2つの国がそれぞれあなたを居住者と主張し得るため、各国での居住区分と、租税条約の振り分け（タイブレーカー）規定を最初に確定させることが、具体的な数字を心配する前の第一歩です。\n日本は国籍でなく居住区分で課税\n非永住者か永住者（税務上）かで範囲が変わる\n数字より先に各国の居住区分を確定\n二重課税を避ける\n2つの国が同じ所得に課税する場合、救済は通常、租税条約と外国税額控除によって行われます。一方の国で払った税を、もう一方の国で課される税から差し引くことで、完全な二重課税を避けます。\n条約は、年金・配当・不動産・給与所得などの第一次課税権を割り当て、両国が居住者とみなす場合の振り分けも定めます。内容は国の組み合わせによって異なります。\n救済は自動ではないことがほとんどです。通常は申告し、外国で払った税の証憑をそろえて、控除や条約上の扱いを自分から主張する必要があります。ここが、国際税務の専門家に依頼する価値が出る場面です。\n外国税額控除で同一所得の二重課税を防ぐ\n条約が課税権と居住地の振り分けを定める\n救済は証憑をそろえ自ら申告。自動ではない\n米国市民・二重国籍・出国税\n米国は、居住地にかかわらず自国市民の全世界所得に課税します。そのため、日本に住む米国市民やグリーンカード保持者は、通常、両国で申告し、租税条約・外国稼得所得の除外・外国税額控除を活用します。なお、日本のNISAの非課税は米国では認められず、申告が複雑になることがあります。\n米国人はさらに、FBAR（海外銀行口座報告）やFATCAといった情報申告の義務があり、納税額がなくても未提出には高額の罰則があります。二重国籍者は、居住国だけでなく、保有するすべての国籍の申告義務を確認すべきです。\nこれとは別に、日本には出国税（国外転出時課税）があります。一定の長期居住者が出国する際、多額の金融資産の未実現の含み益に課税され得る制度です。多額の投資を保有し出国の可能性があるなら、航空券を取る前によく理解しておきましょう。\n米国市民は居住地を問わず全世界申告\nFBAR/FATCAは無税でも未提出に罰則\n出国税は出国時に含み益へ課税し得る","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/courses/cross-border-tax","relationships":{"personas":["persona:dual-citizen","persona:expat","persona:new-to-japan"]},"sources":[],"type":"course","cluster":"","text":"税務上の居住区分、二重課税の調整、米国市民、二重国籍、出国税を、わかりやすく整理します。\nどの国がどの所得に課税できるかを判断できる\n租税条約と外国税額控除の考え方を理解できる\n米国市民・二重国籍者に特有の注意点を知る\n税務上の居住区分がほぼすべてを決める\n日本は国籍ではなく居住区分に基づいて課税します。個人を「非居住者」「非永住者」「永住者（税務上）」に分けます。これは在住期間や在住形態に基づく区分で、入管上の永住権とは別物です。\n大まかに、非永住者は日本国内源泉所得に加え、日本で支払われた・日本へ送金された国外所得に課税されます。永住者（税務上）は全世界所得に課税されます。最初の5年間が大きな意味を持つことがよくあります。\n2つの国がそれぞれあなたを居住者と主張し得るため、各国での居住区分と、租税条約の振り分け（タイブレーカー）規定を最初に確定させることが、具体的な数字を心配する前の第一歩です。\n日本は国籍でなく居住区分で課税\n非永住者か永住者（税務上）かで範囲が変わる\n数字より先に各国の居住区分を確定\n二重課税を避ける\n2つの国が同じ所得に課税する場合、救済は通常、租税条約と外国税額控除によって行われます。一方の国で払った税を、もう一方の国で課される税から差し引くことで、完全な二重課税を避けます。\n条約は、年金・配当・不動産・給与所得などの第一次課税権を割り当て、両国が居住者とみなす場合の振り分けも定めます。内容は国の組み合わせによって異なります。\n救済は自動ではないことがほとんどです。通常は申告し、外国で払った税の証憑をそろえて、控除や条約上の扱いを自分から主張する必要があります。ここが、国際税務の専門家に依頼する価値が出る場面です。\n外国税額控除で同一所得の二重課税を防ぐ\n条約が課税権と居住地の振り分けを定める\n救済は証憑をそろえ自ら申告。自動ではない\n米国市民・二重国籍・出国税\n米国は、居住地にかかわらず自国市民の全世界所得に課税します。そのため、日本に住む米国市民やグリーンカード保持者は、通常、両国で申告し、租税条約・外国稼得所得の除外・外国税額控除を活用します。なお、日本のNISAの非課税は米国では認められず、申告が複雑になることがあります。\n米国人はさらに、FBAR（海外銀行口座報告）やFATCAといった情報申告の義務があり、納税額がなくても未提出には高額の罰則があります。二重国籍者は、居住国だけでなく、保有するすべての国籍の申告義務を確認すべきです。\nこれとは別に、日本には出国税（国外転出時課税）があります。一定の長期居住者が出国する際、多額の金融資産の未実現の含み益に課税され得る制度です。多額の投資を保有し出国の可能性があるなら、航空券を取る前によく理解しておきましょう。\n米国市民は居住地を問わず全世界申告\nFBAR/FATCAは無税でも未提出に罰則\n出国税は出国時に含み益へ課税し得る","url":"/ja/learn/courses/cross-border-tax"},{"id":"course:going-freelance-japan:ja","entityId":"course:going-freelance-japan","entityType":"course","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本でフリーランスになる","plainText":"開業届から税金・請求・年金、そして法人化の判断まで。日本で自営するために必要なお金の仕組みを学びます。\n個人事業主として開業し、内容を理解して青色申告を選ぶ\n所得税・住民税・年金・健康保険の4つを把握し、積み立てる\n取引先に合わせてインボイス・消費税の判断をする\n取引先に請求し源泉徴収を理解し、法人化の是非を見極める\n立ち上げ：開業届と青色申告\n独立は多くの場合、無料の一枚の書類から始まります。税務署に出す開業届で、これにより個人事業主として登録されます。開始からおよそ1か月以内に提出し、同時に青色申告承認申請書も出しましょう。この一枚で、複式簿記による記帳と引き換えに、最大65万円の控除・損失の繰越・専従者給与が使えます。\n青色申告は初期で最も効く判断ですが条件があります。65万円は複式簿記＋電子申告（または要件を満たす電子帳簿）が必要で、紙申告は55万円、簡易な記帳は10万円に下がります。クラウド会計が記帳の大半を肩代わりするため、安定収入があるなら、青色を選びソフトに任せるのが素直な正解です。\n開業届と青色申告承認申請は同時に提出\n65万円控除は複式簿記＋電子申告が条件\n会計ソフトで青色の記帳は現実的になる\n4つの支払いと税金の積立\n支払いのほとんどは一つの数字、事業所得（売上−経費）から流れ、そこから所得控除を引いて課税所得になります。これに国の所得税（累進）と住民税（約10%）がかかります。並んで、いま自分で払う社会保険が2つ。国民年金（定額、令和8年度は月17,920円）と国民健康保険（所得連動、自治体が決定）です。\n落とし穴はタイミングです。住民税と健康保険料は前年所得基準のため、稼いだ翌年に請求が重くなり、多くの人が1年目に不意を突かれます。対策は税金の積立です。入金ごとに約20〜35%を別口座へ移し、所得が増えるほど比率も上げます。基礎控除や各種の壁は近年動いているため、その年の税率と控除額を確認しましょう。\n課税は売上でなく控除後の利益に\n住民税と健康保険は所得に1年遅れる\n入金ごとに利益の約20〜35%を積立\nインボイス制度と消費税\n消費税には既定と上書きがあります。既定では、基準期間（2年前）の課税売上が1,000万円を超えるまで免税事業者です。上書きがインボイス制度で、T番号の登録をすると1,000万円をはるかに下回っても課税事業者になります。多くの小規模フリーランスにとって本当の論点は壁ではなく、そもそも登録するかです。\nこれは取引先次第の本当のトレードオフです。取引先が仕入税額控除に適格請求書を必要とする事業者なら、未登録は失注や税の自己負担につながり、未登録事業者からの仕入れに対する買い手側の経過措置は2026年10月に80%→50%へ下がります。取引先が消費者や免税なら、登録は利点なくコストだけ増えることも。課税事業者は簡易課税や時限の2割特例で負担を和らげられますが、いずれも日付に敏感で見直し中です。自分の課税年を国税庁または税理士で確認しましょう。\n登録しなければ1,000万円以下は免税\n登録の要否は売上でなく取引先次第\n簡易課税・2割特例は負担軽減だが日付に注意\n報酬の受け取り・年金の不足・法人化の判断\nあと2つの仕組みで全体像が完成します。報酬の受け取り：明確な請求書（登録者はT番号入り）を出し、個人への一定の報酬——原稿・デザイン・講演——は源泉で約10.21%引かれて着金することを見込みます。これは所得税の前払いなので、申告で精算しないと実質二重払いです。年金の不足を埋める：自営は公的年金が薄いため、控除できる制度——小規模企業共済（年最大84万円）、iDeCoと国民年金基金（合算で年最大81.6万円）、安い付加年金——で、課税所得を下げつつ自分の備えを作ります。\n最後に法人化の判断です。魔法の数字はありません。利益が高く安定し、法人税のメリットが増える固定費と社会保険の義務を上回る時、そして多くは税以外の理由——採用・資金調達・法人としか取引しない相手——も重なった時が目安です。法人化するなら、合同会社（GK）は株式会社（KK）より安く簡単で、後で組織変更もできます。決める前に税理士と自分の事案を試算しましょう。\n源泉税は前払い。申告で精算する\n控除できる制度を重ね自営の備えを作る\n安定した高利益＋税以外の理由で法人化。まずは合同会社","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/learn/courses/going-freelance-japan","relationships":{"personas":["persona:expat","persona:thirties","persona:fresh-grad"]},"sources":[],"type":"course","cluster":"","text":"開業届から税金・請求・年金、そして法人化の判断まで。日本で自営するために必要なお金の仕組みを学びます。\n個人事業主として開業し、内容を理解して青色申告を選ぶ\n所得税・住民税・年金・健康保険の4つを把握し、積み立てる\n取引先に合わせてインボイス・消費税の判断をする\n取引先に請求し源泉徴収を理解し、法人化の是非を見極める\n立ち上げ：開業届と青色申告\n独立は多くの場合、無料の一枚の書類から始まります。税務署に出す開業届で、これにより個人事業主として登録されます。開始からおよそ1か月以内に提出し、同時に青色申告承認申請書も出しましょう。この一枚で、複式簿記による記帳と引き換えに、最大65万円の控除・損失の繰越・専従者給与が使えます。\n青色申告は初期で最も効く判断ですが条件があります。65万円は複式簿記＋電子申告（または要件を満たす電子帳簿）が必要で、紙申告は55万円、簡易な記帳は10万円に下がります。クラウド会計が記帳の大半を肩代わりするため、安定収入があるなら、青色を選びソフトに任せるのが素直な正解です。\n開業届と青色申告承認申請は同時に提出\n65万円控除は複式簿記＋電子申告が条件\n会計ソフトで青色の記帳は現実的になる\n4つの支払いと税金の積立\n支払いのほとんどは一つの数字、事業所得（売上−経費）から流れ、そこから所得控除を引いて課税所得になります。これに国の所得税（累進）と住民税（約10%）がかかります。並んで、いま自分で払う社会保険が2つ。国民年金（定額、令和8年度は月17,920円）と国民健康保険（所得連動、自治体が決定）です。\n落とし穴はタイミングです。住民税と健康保険料は前年所得基準のため、稼いだ翌年に請求が重くなり、多くの人が1年目に不意を突かれます。対策は税金の積立です。入金ごとに約20〜35%を別口座へ移し、所得が増えるほど比率も上げます。基礎控除や各種の壁は近年動いているため、その年の税率と控除額を確認しましょう。\n課税は売上でなく控除後の利益に\n住民税と健康保険は所得に1年遅れる\n入金ごとに利益の約20〜35%を積立\nインボイス制度と消費税\n消費税には既定と上書きがあります。既定では、基準期間（2年前）の課税売上が1,000万円を超えるまで免税事業者です。上書きがインボイス制度で、T番号の登録をすると1,000万円をはるかに下回っても課税事業者になります。多くの小規模フリーランスにとって本当の論点は壁ではなく、そもそも登録するかです。\nこれは取引先次第の本当のトレードオフです。取引先が仕入税額控除に適格請求書を必要とする事業者なら、未登録は失注や税の自己負担につながり、未登録事業者からの仕入れに対する買い手側の経過措置は2026年10月に80%→50%へ下がります。取引先が消費者や免税なら、登録は利点なくコストだけ増えることも。課税事業者は簡易課税や時限の2割特例で負担を和らげられますが、いずれも日付に敏感で見直し中です。自分の課税年を国税庁または税理士で確認しましょう。\n登録しなければ1,000万円以下は免税\n登録の要否は売上でなく取引先次第\n簡易課税・2割特例は負担軽減だが日付に注意\n報酬の受け取り・年金の不足・法人化の判断\nあと2つの仕組みで全体像が完成します。報酬の受け取り：明確な請求書（登録者はT番号入り）を出し、個人への一定の報酬——原稿・デザイン・講演——は源泉で約10.21%引かれて着金することを見込みます。これは所得税の前払いなので、申告で精算しないと実質二重払いです。年金の不足を埋める：自営は公的年金が薄いため、控除できる制度——小規模企業共済（年最大84万円）、iDeCoと国民年金基金（合算で年最大81.6万円）、安い付加年金——で、課税所得を下げつつ自分の備えを作ります。\n最後に法人化の判断です。魔法の数字はありません。利益が高く安定し、法人税のメリットが増える固定費と社会保険の義務を上回る時、そして多くは税以外の理由——採用・資金調達・法人としか取引しない相手——も重なった時が目安です。法人化するなら、合同会社（GK）は株式会社（KK）より安く簡単で、後で組織変更もできます。決める前に税理士と自分の事案を試算しましょう。\n源泉税は前払い。申告で精算する\n控除できる制度を重ね自営の備えを作る\n安定した高利益＋税以外の理由で法人化。まずは合同会社","url":"/ja/learn/courses/going-freelance-japan"},{"id":"roadmap:moving-to-japan:ja","entityId":"roadmap:moving-to-japan","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本への移住：渡航前から1年目まで","plainText":"特定の自治体・在留資格を前提とせず、順序立てて生活基盤を整える新規居住者。\n書類と決済の橋渡しを準備\n原本と安全な写しを用意し、一時的な決済手段を確保し、日本の住所・電話番号が必要になる口座を一覧化する。\n住所を届け出る\n在留カードを所管の自治体窓口へ持参し、後続手続きに必要なら住民票を取得する。\n健康保険・年金の加入を確認\n勤務先の被用者制度への加入を確認し、対象外なら自治体で国民健康保険、日本年金機構で年金手続きを確認する。\n公共料金・通信を開通\nメーター値と契約名義を記録し、口座振替開始前にも使える支払方法を選ぶ。\n決済用口座を開く\n本人確認、在留期間、言語、現金、送金、給与口座の要件を比較し、全行が同じ書類を受理すると考えない。\n給与・請求・送金経路を設定\n少額で試し、表示手数料だけでなく受取円額を比較し、領収書・資金源資料を保管する。\n給与・税・保険・年金記録を点検\n給与明細と入金を照合し、源泉徴収・年金記録を保管する。年末調整で申告義務が完了するか確認する。\nNISA・証券口座の適格性を確認\nNISAは商品推奨ではなく口座制度として扱う。入金前に日本居住要件、事業者審査、出国時対応、費用、国際報告を確認する。\n前年所得に対する住民税に備える\n住民税は原則として前年所得と1月1日の自治体を基準とする。課税通知を前年記録と照合し、給与天引きまたは納付書を確認する。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/roadmaps/moving-to-japan","relationships":{"guides":["/insurance","/banking/opening-a-bank-account-in-japan","/remittance","/tax/do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return","/investing/what-is-nisa","/tax/japan-tax-residency-explained"]},"sources":[],"type":"roadmap","cluster":"","text":"特定の自治体・在留資格を前提とせず、順序立てて生活基盤を整える新規居住者。\n書類と決済の橋渡しを準備\n原本と安全な写しを用意し、一時的な決済手段を確保し、日本の住所・電話番号が必要になる口座を一覧化する。\n住所を届け出る\n在留カードを所管の自治体窓口へ持参し、後続手続きに必要なら住民票を取得する。\n健康保険・年金の加入を確認\n勤務先の被用者制度への加入を確認し、対象外なら自治体で国民健康保険、日本年金機構で年金手続きを確認する。\n公共料金・通信を開通\nメーター値と契約名義を記録し、口座振替開始前にも使える支払方法を選ぶ。\n決済用口座を開く\n本人確認、在留期間、言語、現金、送金、給与口座の要件を比較し、全行が同じ書類を受理すると考えない。\n給与・請求・送金経路を設定\n少額で試し、表示手数料だけでなく受取円額を比較し、領収書・資金源資料を保管する。\n給与・税・保険・年金記録を点検\n給与明細と入金を照合し、源泉徴収・年金記録を保管する。年末調整で申告義務が完了するか確認する。\nNISA・証券口座の適格性を確認\nNISAは商品推奨ではなく口座制度として扱う。入金前に日本居住要件、事業者審査、出国時対応、費用、国際報告を確認する。\n前年所得に対する住民税に備える\n住民税は原則として前年所得と1月1日の自治体を基準とする。課税通知を前年記録と照合し、給与天引きまたは納付書を確認する。","url":"/ja/roadmaps/moving-to-japan"},{"id":"roadmap:changing-jobs:ja","entityId":"roadmap:changing-jobs","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本での転職","plainText":"空白期間を含め、勤務先を移る被用者。\n退職書類と最終給与を確認\n最終給与、未消化休暇、住民税、源泉徴収票の処理時期を確認し、勤務先アカウント外に写しを保管する。\n健康保険・年金の空白を防ぐ\n旧資格終了日と新資格開始日を確認する。空白があれば期限前に任意継続・自治体／国民制度の該当手続きを比較する。\n給与・税書類を引き継ぐ\n新勤務先指定の書類を提出し、口座、控除、住民税徴収、年末調整を確認する。\n勤務先連携の銀行・カード・証券情報を更新\n給与振込先と必要な勤務先情報を変更し、返金・最終引落し完了まで旧給与口座を閉じない。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/roadmaps/changing-jobs","relationships":{"guides":["/insurance","/tax/do-i-need-to-file-a-tax-return"]},"sources":[],"type":"roadmap","cluster":"","text":"空白期間を含め、勤務先を移る被用者。\n退職書類と最終給与を確認\n最終給与、未消化休暇、住民税、源泉徴収票の処理時期を確認し、勤務先アカウント外に写しを保管する。\n健康保険・年金の空白を防ぐ\n旧資格終了日と新資格開始日を確認する。空白があれば期限前に任意継続・自治体／国民制度の該当手続きを比較する。\n給与・税書類を引き継ぐ\n新勤務先指定の書類を提出し、口座、控除、住民税徴収、年末調整を確認する。\n勤務先連携の銀行・カード・証券情報を更新\n給与振込先と必要な勤務先情報を変更し、返金・最終引落し完了まで旧給与口座を閉じない。","url":"/ja/roadmaps/changing-jobs"},{"id":"roadmap:leaving-japan:ja","entityId":"roadmap:leaving-japan","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"日本を離れる","plainText":"一時的または恒久的な出国の金銭手続きを計画する居住者。\n契約・義務を棚卸しし連絡先を決める\n税、住民登録、住居、公共料金、保険、年金、銀行、カード、証券、定期契約、送金、記録を一覧化し、解約・維持条件を記す。\n国税・住民税の管理を整える\n最終申告・納付、1月1日の住民税、残納期、給与徴収、納税管理人の要否を確認する。\n転出届と地域保険の終了手続き\n国外転出を届け、マイナンバーカード、国民健康保険、地方税、世帯記録の扱いを確認する。\n住居・公共料金・通信・定期支払を終了\n点検・検針を予約し、返金先住所・口座を伝え、状態を撮影し、最終明細を保管する。\n銀行・カード・NISA・証券の書面手順を取得\n各事業者へ出国事実を伝え、積立を止め、明細・取得価額を保存し、非居住者制限、移管、売却、解約手続きに従う。\n請求選択前に年金記録を保全\n基礎年金番号・記録を取得し、将来受給、社会保障協定の可能性、脱退一時金の適格性を申請前に確認する。\n安全に資金を移し出国記録を保管\n最終送金前に受取口座を試し、最終引落し・返金に必要な円を残し、終了証拠を恒久保存する。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/roadmaps/leaving-japan","relationships":{"guides":["/tax/japan-tax-residency-explained","/investing/what-is-nisa","/tax","/remittance/cheapest-way-to-send-money"]},"sources":[],"type":"roadmap","cluster":"","text":"一時的または恒久的な出国の金銭手続きを計画する居住者。\n契約・義務を棚卸しし連絡先を決める\n税、住民登録、住居、公共料金、保険、年金、銀行、カード、証券、定期契約、送金、記録を一覧化し、解約・維持条件を記す。\n国税・住民税の管理を整える\n最終申告・納付、1月1日の住民税、残納期、給与徴収、納税管理人の要否を確認する。\n転出届と地域保険の終了手続き\n国外転出を届け、マイナンバーカード、国民健康保険、地方税、世帯記録の扱いを確認する。\n住居・公共料金・通信・定期支払を終了\n点検・検針を予約し、返金先住所・口座を伝え、状態を撮影し、最終明細を保管する。\n銀行・カード・NISA・証券の書面手順を取得\n各事業者へ出国事実を伝え、積立を止め、明細・取得価額を保存し、非居住者制限、移管、売却、解約手続きに従う。\n請求選択前に年金記録を保全\n基礎年金番号・記録を取得し、将来受給、社会保障協定の可能性、脱退一時金の適格性を申請前に確認する。\n安全に資金を移し出国記録を保管\n最終送金前に受取口座を試し、最終引落し・返金に必要な円を残し、終了証拠を恒久保存する。","url":"/ja/roadmaps/leaving-japan"},{"id":"roadmap:freelancer:ja","entityId":"roadmap:freelancer","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランスになる","plainText":"給与所得から個人事業へ移る居住者。\n許可・届出・帳簿・社会保険を確認\n就労可否を確認し、標準フリーランスガイドで開業、青色申告、インボイス、記帳、税積立、保険、年金を判断する。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/roadmaps/freelancer","relationships":{"guides":["/freelancers/becoming-a-sole-proprietor"]},"sources":[],"type":"roadmap","cluster":"","text":"給与所得から個人事業へ移る居住者。\n許可・届出・帳簿・社会保険を確認\n就労可否を確認し、標準フリーランスガイドで開業、青色申告、インボイス、記帳、税積立、保険、年金を判断する。","url":"/ja/roadmaps/freelancer"},{"id":"roadmap:start-investing:ja","entityId":"roadmap:start-investing","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"投資を始める","plainText":"短期家計を安定させた後に税制優遇投資を検討する居住者。\n口座・証券会社選択前に適格性を確認\nNISA・iDeCoの目的、引出し、費用、商品、サービス、出国対応、税務報告を比較し、損失リスクを理解してから投資する。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/roadmaps/start-investing","relationships":{"guides":["/investing/what-is-nisa"]},"sources":[],"type":"roadmap","cluster":"","text":"短期家計を安定させた後に税制優遇投資を検討する居住者。\n口座・証券会社選択前に適格性を確認\nNISA・iDeCoの目的、引出し、費用、商品、サービス、出国対応、税務報告を比較し、損失リスクを理解してから投資する。","url":"/ja/roadmaps/start-investing"},{"id":"roadmap:buying-a-home:ja","entityId":"roadmap:buying-a-home","entityType":"roadmap","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅を買う","plainText":"初回購入と資金調達を検討する居住者。\n総費用を試算し独立資料を確認\n契約前に賃貸と購入、融資適格性、税、保険、修繕、売却、解除条件を比較する。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/roadmaps/buying-a-home","relationships":{"guides":["/loans/rent-vs-buy-japan"]},"sources":[],"type":"roadmap","cluster":"","text":"初回購入と資金調達を検討する居住者。\n総費用を試算し独立資料を確認\n契約前に賃貸と購入、融資適格性、税、保険、修繕、売却、解除条件を比較する。","url":"/ja/roadmaps/buying-a-home"},{"id":"tool:education-costs:ja","entityId":"tool:education-costs","entityType":"tool","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"教育費プランナー","plainText":"費用上昇率と準備割合を変更して教育費を試算します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tools/education-costs","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:family"]},"sources":[],"type":"tool","cluster":"family","text":"費用上昇率と準備割合を変更して教育費を試算します。","url":"/ja/tools/education-costs"},{"id":"tool:mortgage-payment:ja","entityId":"tool:mortgage-payment","entityType":"tool","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"住宅ローン返済計算","plainText":"前提・除外項目を明示して元利返済額を試算します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tools/mortgage-payment","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"tool","cluster":"loans","text":"前提・除外項目を明示して元利返済額を試算します。","url":"/ja/tools/mortgage-payment"},{"id":"tool:rent-vs-buy:ja","entityId":"tool:rent-vs-buy","entityType":"tool","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"賃貸か購入か計算","plainText":"物件値上がりを仮定せずシナリオ費用を比較します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tools/rent-vs-buy","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:loans"]},"sources":[],"type":"tool","cluster":"loans","text":"物件値上がりを仮定せずシナリオ費用を比較します。","url":"/ja/tools/rent-vs-buy"},{"id":"tool:freelancer-tax-reserve:ja","entityId":"tool:freelancer-tax-reserve","entityType":"tool","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"フリーランス税金積立プランナー","plainText":"月次売上と経費から自分で積立率を設定。税額の試算ではありません。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tools/freelancer-tax-reserve","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:freelancers"]},"sources":[],"type":"tool","cluster":"freelancers","text":"月次売上と経費から自分で積立率を設定。税額の試算ではありません。","url":"/ja/tools/freelancer-tax-reserve"},{"id":"tool:money-plan:ja","entityId":"tool:money-plan","entityType":"tool","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"マネープラン","plainText":"いくつかの範囲を入力し、非公開の1・5・10年ロードマップ（収支・緊急資金・配分・試算）を作成。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/plan","relationships":{"clusters":[]},"sources":[],"type":"tool","cluster":"","text":"いくつかの範囲を入力し、非公開の1・5・10年ロードマップ（収支・緊急資金・配分・試算）を作成。","url":"/ja/plan"},{"id":"tool:compound-interest:ja","entityId":"tool:compound-interest","entityType":"tool","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"複利ラボ","plainText":"積立・時間・手数料・インフレが仮想の資産にどう効くかを可視化し、その背景も学べます。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tools/compound-interest","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[],"type":"tool","cluster":"investing","text":"積立・時間・手数料・インフレが仮想の資産にどう効くかを可視化し、その背景も学べます。","url":"/ja/tools/compound-interest"},{"id":"tool:nisa-starter:ja","entityId":"tool:nisa-starter","entityType":"tool","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"NISAスタータープランナー","plainText":"準備状況を確認し、複数期間の試算と、証券会社に持参する書類・質問を用意します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tools/nisa","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:investing"]},"sources":[],"type":"tool","cluster":"investing","text":"準備状況を確認し、複数期間の試算と、証券会社に持参する書類・質問を用意します。","url":"/ja/tools/nisa"},{"id":"tool:budget-planner:ja","entityId":"tool:budget-planner","entityType":"tool","locale":"ja","status":"published","title":"家計プランナー","plainText":"日本向けの月次予算を作成。必需/裁量、貯蓄率、緊急資金の目標を表示します。","canonicalUrl":"https://www.moneyinjapan.com/ja/tools/budget","relationships":{"clusters":["cluster:start"]},"sources":[],"type":"tool","cluster":"start","text":"日本向けの月次予算を作成。必需/裁量、貯蓄率、緊急資金の目標を表示します。","url":"/ja/tools/budget"}]}